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Are Charters the Reason New Orleans' Schools Are Succeeding?
"REBIRTH: New Orleans" tells the story.
When my colleagues and I began reporting on New Orleans' public schools just weeks after Hurricane Katrina in 2005, I had no idea that such a remarkable story would emerge. In the seven years since the devastation, the city's public schools have been transformed—from a failing system where not even one-third of 8th graders in New Orleans could pass a state reading test, to a school district composed mostly of charter schools that, taken together, outpaces every other district in Louisiana. Reporting from schools, homes and board meetings, we witnessed mistakes and outright failures but also great accomplishments.
Our documentary, REBIRTH: New Orleans, draws upon years of reporting to weave the stories of students, teachers, parents, education leaders, activists and critics into a human saga of what happened when a city's education system was turned upside down.
REBIRTH: New Orleans introduces viewers to people they will quickly grow to care about, particularly two students: Will Brittne Jackson, the 19-year-old senior, be able to pass the state graduation test, the one she has failed multiple times, now that a dedicated Teach for America teacher is pushing and pulling her? Will Bobby Calvin, an engaging high school junior, be able to adapt to his charter school's incredibly rigid discipline code, or will the young principal adjust his own worldview?
I have no doubt that, when you watch REBIRTH: New Orleans, you are going to fall in love with some of the people (particularly the kids) in the film. You may find yourself rooting for the young principal of a charter high school, hoping that he will see the light. Or you'll be crossing your fingers that Daniel, Kady and Colleston, the three young teachers from Teach for America, will not only survive—but prosper.
Who knows, you might find yourself yelling at the screen because you empathize with the frustration of a parent with a special needs child, or cheering with the mom of a KIPP student who finally gets it.
But it's my bet that Bobby and Brittne will grab your heartstrings. When you meet Bobby, an engaging young man with a smile that lights up the room, he's on the verge of being suspended or expelled from New Orleans' top performing charter high school. He can't seem to get with the program, meaning he's always violating the school's very strict dress code (socks must match!) and code of behavior. The school's principal brings in a "tough love" team to try to help the kids adapt, but you may find yourself hoping the principal will change his ways instead!
The resolutions to those stories—and more—are in the film, but I won't spoil the ending.
With nearly 40 years of education reporting under my belt, I have to say that this is the most important education story I have ever covered. It's a fascinating story about community, leadership, and educational access, with national significance. The city is currently 80 percent on its way to becoming the nation's first all charter school district—a development that could change our country's public education system as we know it.
But what's happening in New Orleans isn't only relevant to teachers or education reformers. This is a documentary for anyone interested in children or our nation's future, because other districts could emulate New Orleans, not simply by adopting charter schools but by committing to a set of familiar virtues: high standards, integrity, hard work, time, resources and more.
Learning Matters is a nonprofit company, and we've set up a Kickstarter to raise finishing funds for the film. Joining our team not only provides great tangible rewards—from DVDs to exclusive screenings—but also will give you the satisfaction of knowing that you've helped produce this important story.
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ziQ50qH6204&feature=youtu.be
Click here to add supporting REBIRTH: New Orleans to your GOOD "to-do" list.
education documentaries k-12 education cities


The F.A.M.E. Team is the jewel in the crown of the Fellowship for British Hairdressing's numerous mentoring programs, having launched the careers of such hairdressing luminaries as Adam Reed, Zoe Irwin, Errol Douglas, Antoinette Beenders and Chris Appleton.
Providing its team members with the opportunity for peerless education, mentoring and opportunities, it's the ultimate finishing school for emerging hairdressing talent, setting them on a stellar path to success.
This year's team, led by session stylist and hairdressing icon, Nick Irwin, recently enjoyed their first session – on Nick's home turf of Brixton, South London.
The foursome met up at Pop Brixton; a diverse local independent space with bars, restaurants, shops and inspiration galore. Over the course of the day, they found out more about their year ahead, as well as hearing more about their mentor, Nick, and getting to know one another.
After hearing more about their mentor and the year ahead, the team worked with D&A Films to create footage capturing the essence of the team and what excites them about hair.
Finally, Nick talked to the team about his career, his creative process and the work that excites him and keeps him inspired.


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How does an independent financial advisor compare to a bank or institutional consultant?
We all need to plan our monthly budget to keep household bills up-to-date and our financial affairs in order, and this is also the case when planning to buy a car.
Budgeting for a car is very important because if you don't get your sums right at the start, you could get into financial trouble. It's very tempting to buy the most expensive car that you can afford, but remember all the additional costs that are associated with running a car. Before you decide on a specific car, sit down and work out all the running costs for individual makes. You will be surprised how these costs can vary.
The higher the CO2 emissions, the more Vehicle Excise Duty you will have to pay. Cars with zero emissions are exempt except those costing more than £40,000, which are subject to six payments of a £310 surcharge fee.
You need to decide whether to buy a petrol or diesel car. Diesel cars are usually more economical but generally more expensive to buy. Work out how many miles you are expecting to drive over a 12-month period and calculate your annual fuel bill. On average, a car will get 40mpg. An average mileage of 8,000 miles will therefore require 200 gallons of fuel; this will cost around £1050 on average.
Cars travelling a lot of miles per year need an annual service where the oil and filter are replaced; this costs an average of £150. New cars quite often have a fixed servicing plan where you pay up front rather than paying each year. This makes budgeting a little easier.
Car insurance varies drastically based on many factors. The make of the car and engine size, your age and how long you have been driving, and whether you have full no claims or have had accidents in the past are all factors.
Car leasing is another option instead of purchasing outright. Payment plans can be arranged so you will know your monthly outgoings. Companies are available all over the UK, such as vehicle leasing in Leicester at places like http://leasing.totalmotion.co.uk/.
When you have taken all the above into consideration, you will be able to purchase your new car knowing exactly how much it is going to cost and will be able to enjoy driving it.


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European Union: Effects On Trade Between Member States: Freight Forwarding Cartel Case
Under EU case-law, anti-competitive agreements and concerted practices fall within the scope of Article 101 TFEU if there is a sufficient degree of probability that they may have a direct or indirect effect, actually or potentially, on the pattern of trade between EU Member States.
On appeal before the Court of Justice of the European Union ("ECJ"), Schenker (in case C-263/16 P) and Kühne (in case C-261/16 P) claimed that the alleged infringement in which they were involved did not fall within the scope of Article 101 TFEU. In particular, they argued that the alleged anti-competitive practices: (i) did not affect trade between Member States; and (ii) in any case, did not "appreciably" affect such trade.
With respect to the first point, Schenker and Kühne argued that the New Export System ("NES") cartel (which related to an agreement on a pre-clearance system for exports from the United Kingdom to countries outside the European Economic Area) and the Advanced Manifest System ("AMS") cartel (which related to an agreement on a regulatory requirement for goods to be shipped in the US) were only concerned with trade flows between the EEA and third countries and, therefore, did not fall within the scope of Article 101 TFEU. With respect to the second point, Schenker and Kühne argued that, in any case, the two allegedly anti-competitive practices did not appreciably affect trade between Member States.
The ECJ delivered its judgement in these cases on 1 February 2018. As regards the first ground of appeal, the ECJ ruled that the criterion of effect on trade between Member States has to be considered in relation to the relevant product market. It was not disputed that the relevant market in this case related to international air freight forwarding services. The companies involved in the cartels offered freight forwarding services as "a combination of several services as a single package" which covered transport, logistics and administrative operations. These services were sold and purchased not only in the UK but also across the EEA. Therefore, the ECJ ruled that it appeared sufficiently probable that the cartels were capable of having repercussions on the conduct of the freight forwarders in other Member States, where they were also competing with one another, and which were capable of altering the structure of competition within the EU.
The ECJ also dismissed the second ground of appeal stating that the General Court had been entitled to hold that, even assuming that the NES and AMS cartels did not affect the flow of goods between Member States in a significant way, that would not call into question the Commission's conclusion that, because of their effects on the market for freight forwarding services, those cartels were likely to affect trade between Member States in a substantial way.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Brands Promotion
Home News Why AfDB President, Akinwumi Adesina Is Facing Probe By The US,Others
Why AfDB President, Akinwumi Adesina Is Facing Probe By The US,Others
The chances of Dr Akinwumi Adesina, Nigeria's former Agriculture and Rural Development Minister, getting a second term as President of the African Development Bank are being currently threatened following allegations of corruption and favouritism levelled against him.
The allegations against Adesina including misconduct, arbitrary recruitment, private gain, impediment to efficiency, singlehandedly overruling decisions taken by directors, nepotism, political lobbying, use of bank resources for private gains, have since raised doubts over his integrity and depleted confidence among major stakeholders and partners of the bank especially the United States Government.
The allegations were raised by "whistle-blowers" within the organisation.
Adesina is the sole candidate for the bank's Presidency to lead it through the next five years but with a fresh and independent probe of his administration being demanded by the United States, things may no longer go as expected for the Nigerian technocrat.
In a document seen by SaharaReporters, at least 16 of the 'sins' brought against Adesina were highlighted.
Among other things, Adesina accused to have broken the Code of Conduct for top executives of the AfDB.
As part of the expectations for top executives, the Code of Conduct states, "Observe the highest standards of ethical conduct.
"Refrain from participating in active politics in their home countries or elsewhere.
"Avoid any situation that poses a conflict,or the appearance of a conflict, between personal interest and the performance of official duties.
(a) using their position for private gain (b)giving unwarranted preferential treatment to any organisation or person (c)impeding the efficiency of the bank
(d) losing complete independence or impartiality of action
(e) affecting adversely the confidence of member countries or the public in the integrity of the bank.
United States Government Demands Fresh Probe Of African Development Bank's President, Adesina
21 Comments 2 Days Ago
"The following cases illustrate what we believe to be serious and repeated breaches of the Code of Conduct by the President.
"These give staff members the impression of a President who is above the law in an institution where rules and regulations apply in function of the President's interests, as attested by the recent staff survey.
"A President should be leading by example. We observe that the checks and balances provided by the Board of Directors no longer seem to be adequate.
"The following cases are listed in no particular order, and state how we think the Code of Conduct might have been breached. In some of these cases, the conflicts of interest may be hard to prove, but we wish to recall that the Code of Conduct calls for the avoidance not only of actual conflicts of interest, but also of the appearance of such a conflict.
"1. Non-respect of internal rules and regulations in recruitment (unethical conduct, impediment to efficiency, political activity, private gain).
"Since 2015, the President has taken his responsibility of Chief of the Staff to heart, playing a very active role in the recruitment of all managerial positions, acting as the de facto HR Manager. According to our information, for all PL2 positions (manager) and above, the President validates the short list of candidates to be interviewed and the list of candidates selected after the interviews.
"He is known to have excluded top-rated candidates from shortlists and to have canceled shortlists drawn up by independent recruitment panels. As recently put by the General Counsel in a legal opinion, presumably to justify these practices, "… the President is better placed than any ad hoc interview panel to know which prospective candidates for employment by the bank would be best suited in assisting him/her in delivering that vision (which he has been elected to deliver). He/She can recruit the person concerned without passing through an interview panel or any other formal process".
"This personal involvement in the recruitment process may explain the long delays in recruiting for these three positions and the turnover of HR directors at the bank. This is a source of waste of resources and loss of efficiency. One cannot but wonder if the many vacant managerial positions (division manager, country manager, director or vice-president) and the lack of succession planning are not a strategy to reward countries for the support to the President's reelection.
"2. Appointment of Mrs. Chinelo Anohu-Amazu (unethical conduct, impediment to efficiency, preferential treatment, adversely affecting confidence in the integrity of the
Bank). A Nigerian citizen, Mrs Anohu-Amazu was appointed on September 1, 2019 to the position of Senior Director in charge of the African Investment Forum (AIF). She was awarded the grade of Senior Director which places her at the same salary level as Vice Presidents without having the same responsibility level. She was previously DG and CEO of the National Pension Commission in Nigeria from 2014 to 2017.
"According to a May 10, 2019 SaharaReporters article, Mrs Anohu-Amazu was dismissed in 2017 by President Buhari following allegations of abuse, allegations, for which the Nigerian House of Representatives launched an official investigation in 2019. President Adesina could not have ignored this situation when he hired her. The position of AIF Director became vacant when the incumbent, Mrs Stella Kilonzo resigned on the 30 of June 2019, among other reasons, because she refused to hire Mrs Anohu-Amazu as a consultant at the request of the President for a fee considerably higher than the applicable standards. Interestingly enough, this position stayed vacant for less than two months when, for example, the position of Director for Integrity and Anti-corruption, also under the direct recruiting authority of the President, remained vacant for 18 months between 2017 and 2018.
"3. Appointment and promotions of Mr. Martin Fregene (unethical conduct, impediment to efficiency, preferential treatment). A Nigerian-born, Mr Fregene is alleged to be the President's brother-in-law (through their wives). He joined the bank in September 2015 as Adviser in the Office of the President, after having already served in his office when he was Minister of Agriculture of Nigeria. In 2017, it is reported that, at the President's request, he was appointed lead expert to Mrs. Blanke, VP Agriculture, and then promoted Adviser, both regular positions, both times without competition. Mr Fregene was later promoted again in 2018 to the position of Director of the Agriculture and Agro-industry Department with effect from the 1st of January 2018 when Mr. Ojukwu, the incumbent, was still in place (he retired on the 31st of January). While no succession planning is in place for functions as important as VPs and DGs, it is worth noting that in this case, not only was the succession planned, but it included an overlap of one month. Consequently, the bank ended up with two Directors of Agriculture and paid two salaries for the same position during the month of January 2018. This appointment did not respect the Recruitment Manual which requires a 24-months minimum time in grade before an internal candidate can apply to another position. It is unclear if, if confirmed, the familial affiliation was disclosed during the recruitment process or if it played a role in the promotions.
"4. Mismanagement of the TAAT programme (unethical conduct, impediment to efficiency, preferential treatment, adversely affecting confidence in the integrity of the Bank). T AAT, Technologies for African Agriculture Transformation, is a USD 120m programme designed to speed up the adoption of agricultural technologies through CGIAR agricultural research institutes.
The first phase of the programme, a USD 40m ADF-14 grant to IITA in Nigeria was reluctantly approved by the Board of Directors in 2017, only after the President personally used all of his political weight to defend the transaction and lift the Board's doubts. One has to remember that the President worked for IITA and AfricaRice, and both institutions were to benefit from the grant. The mastermind behind the project, Mr. Fregene, is also an IITA alumni and the task manager, Mr Mude, is an alumni of ILRI, another institution financed by the programme. In 2018, IITA, the implementing agency, proceeded to purchase through direct procurement USD 5.46m worth of pesticides from a multinational company, while the grant contract specifically prohibited such procurement method. Fortunately, the fiduciary controls of the bank stopped the process but Mr. Fregene went ahead and personally negotiated the price directly with the supplier and asked for the shipment of the pesticides. When confronted by senior management, he tried to launch a competitive bidding process to cover up the direct purchase. The fiduciary controls of the Bank worked once again and the payment of the supplier's invoice was blocked for non-compliance with Bank rules. When informed, the President himself requested the payment to be released to the supplier. It is unclear if the on-going investigation was launched at the request of the President or not. One cannot but wonder why Mr. Fregene felt confident enough (1) to proceed with the negotiation and contracting of such a large contract against all applicable rules without even being the implementing agency, (2) to lie to Opscom, one the highest ranked committees of the Bank, about the status of the contract or (3) to entrust the management of the programme to another CGIAR alumni, against all good practices?
"5. Appointments and promotions of Mrs. Maria Mulundi (unethical conduct, impediment to efficiency,preferential treatment,private gain). A Kenyan national, Mrs Mulundi, has long lasting professional ties with the President, as she was already working for him when he was the Minister of Agriculture of Nigeria. She first joined the bank as a consultant, Adviser to the
President, in his advanced team from June to end of August 2015 before he assumed duty. She was then promoted Senior adviser to the President in 2016 and again appointed – without competition – Director of Cabinet, Office of the President in April 2017, a regular Bank position according to the Staff Rules. According to our information, upon instruction of the President, for this appointment, her annual salary was increased from about UA 150,000 to UA 199,000 corresponding to an unusual increase of more than 32.7%, in clear breach of Rule 43.01 of the Staff Rules. This increase was justified by claiming that this appointment was a new recruitment rather than a promotion. Over the summer of 2018, she fell into disgrace and was appointed by the President as Director in charge of Special Duties, Engagement with Civil Society and Community Based Organizations and sent back to the Eastern Region (her home country) and then to the Southern region. There, Mrs. Mulundi continues to receive a salary of UA 199,000 and enjoys all related benefits. It is worth mentioning that there is already a Director for Gender, Women and Civil Society and it is unclear ifMrs.MULINDIreportstoherornot. Her function does not exist in the current organisational chart and almost no trace of actual work can be found. According to our information, the "special duty" she was tasked by the President is to take care of his wife, Grace Adesina, currently under treatment in South Africa.
"6. Direct contracting and appointment of Mr. Victor Oladokun (unethical conduct, impediment to efficiency, private gain, preferential treatment). A childhood friend of the President, as attested by a publicly available photograph, Mr Oladokun's company 3D Global Consult was awarded by the President, in early 2017 a consultancy contract for an amount of $326,000 through direct contracting, thereby making full use of the possibility to waive procedures for the procurement of consulting services granted to the President by PD 02/2012. This contract has been flagged by internal audit, as being potentially subject to a conflict of interest. It is unclear if this red flag has led to any investigation nor if it was verified if this contract was awarded in thanks for Mr. Oladokun's alleged services performed during the President's election campaign. Mr Oladokun was then appointed in September 2017 as Director of Communications and reports directly to the President. It is unclear if Mr. Oladokun's close association with the President was disclosed during the contracting or the recruitment process.
"7. Contracting of Mr. Kapil Kapoor (unethical conduct, impediment to efficiency,
preferential treatment). The former Director General for the Southern Region, Mr Kapoor retired on 31 of August 2019. He was then immediately recruited by the President as a consultant and was kept in office in Pretoria with a very comfortable monthly fee of USD 23,000. Mr Kapoor, who is no longer a staff member, continues to enjoy the advantages of the position of Director General. And he does so in utter disregard for the presence of a Deputy Director General in Pretoria.
"8. Appointment of Mr. Emmanuel Ezinwa (unethical conduct, impediment to efficiency, preferential treatment, adversely affecting confidence in the integrity of the Bank). A national of Nigeria, Mr Ezinwa was found guilty of sexually harassing a colleague during his probation period. On the basis of this staff misconduct, the HR Director refused to confirm his contract at the end of the probation period. According to our sources, the President requested that Mr. Ezinwa's contract be confirmed, which in turn contributed to the resignation in 2019 of the HR Director, Mrs. Frauke HARNISCHFEGER, merely 6 months after she took office. The sexual harassment was left unpunished.
"9. Preferential treatment for Nigeria and Nigerians (unethical conduct, impediment to efficiency, preferential treatment). Under President Adesina, Nigeria was promoted to an almost full-fledged region. No longer part of the West-African General Directorate, under the new organizational chart introduced by the President, the Nigeria Country Directorate now stands by itself and the Country Director reports directly to the VP. Admittedly, Nigeria is AfDB's largest shareholder with over 9%, but it's not clear if this justifies a preferential treatment. Nigerians have also been particularly well treated in the massive recruitment drive that was launched due to the restructuring of President Adesina between 2016 and 2018. When roughly 9% of new recruits were Nigerians (or dual nationals of Nigerian origin) – in line with Nigerian shareholding –, they made up roughly 25% of the newly recruited managerial functions. It is not clear if this preferential treatment was justified by a previous under-representation.
"10. Awards received by the President and costs borne by the Bank (unethical conduct, private gain, impediment to efficiency). In 2017 and 2019, Mr. Adesina received two major awards: the World Food Prize (USD 250,000) and the Sunhak Peace Prize (USD 500,000). Other less significant prizes were also awarded. It is not clear if he received these awards as the President of the AfDB or as a private citizen. Dozens of people, bank staff, executive Directors, former Head of State, entertainers or family members attended the award ceremonies at the bank's costs (one in Des Moines, Iowa, the other in Seoul, Korea). If these awards were private, why did the bank support associated costs? If they were awarded to the President of the group of the bank were the awards returned to the bank?
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Ó Broin, Cathal (2015) A New GPU-based Computational Framework for the Ab-initio Solution of the TDSE for Atomic and Molecular One-Electron Systems under Intense Ultra-Short Laser Fields. PhD thesis, Dublin City University.
The thesis is focused on the extension of existing techniques as well as the use of cutting-edge parallelisation in the development of methods for quantum systems in intense ultra-short laser fields. The calculations for the quantum systems are performed fully ab initio; using as few approximations as possible. Among the popular approaches for ab initio calculations are those which use an energy eigenstate basis and those which handle the wavefunction explicitly on a grid. In this thesis these methods are both used for considering hydrogen and the molecular hydrogen ion in intense ultra-short laser fields. The thesis develops on the TDRM approach that simultaneously uses both methods but in a divided configuration space. We develop the approach further by extending the treatment to the H+ system in intense laser 2fields. For this thesis the author has developed a new framework, called CLTDSE, and released it as the first 1 laser-matter Time-dependent Schrodinger Equation (TDSE) code which has been explicitly developed with Graphical Processing units (GPUs) and other parallel architectures at the focus. Although the author's existing public code release consists of finite difference methods, the current code provides support for the finite difference and basis methods, TDRM as well as general Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) problems. It also performs the B-spline based diag- onalisation for hydrogenic systems and the calculation of the dipole moment and dipole acceleration. By using OpenCL automatic support for multi-core Central Processing Units (CPUs) has also been provided. We discuss the parallelisation strategy in the thesis and the performance of a variety of methods are compared on CPUs and GPUs. It will be seen that a given GPU accelerator is not always a better option than the CPU. Further, it will be shown that large run-time reductions are available when comparing high-end CPUs against high-end GPUs, thus the performance promises of GPU systems are realisable. We further utilise the computational advantages offered by the acceleration by looking at and directly computing the effect of stochastic pulses on atomic hydrogen, with some focus on the effect on ATI structure. The method of calculation used consists of the instantiation of a particular instance of a stochastic pulse and the direct calculation of the resulting yield or other properties of interest.


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The final scoreline was harsh on Offaly in Pearse Park in Longford last Sunday but over the 70 minutes there is no doubt that the home side were deserving of their win in this league opener.
For 45 minutes an understrength Offaly were certainly competitive. At that juncture they only trailed by three points and were in the ascendancy but in the final 25 minutes they only added one further point while Longford ran up the score at their ease as the visitors essentially collapsed.
It was alarming to see the drop off from Offaly in the closing minutes and that dent in their score difference could yet come back to haunt them. It may be that the sides are at different levels in terms of fitness as Longford seemed to come on strong as Offaly faded but that could also be explained by a brittle confidence for the visitors that has taken a pounding in recent years.
Whatever the reason, Offaly will have to bounce back next week as a second defeat in this division would leave them a daunting mountain to climb.


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G20 in Seoul
Five non-G20 nations invited to Seoul Summit
By Cho Jin-seo
The Netherlands was given the boot from the G20 summit for the first time since its inception two years ago, while Singapore has taken its place ahead of November's Seoul Summit.
The G20 Seoul preparation committee said Friday that it has sent invitations to five non-G20 member nations and seven international organizations.
Now the "G20 plus five" has a better geographical representation, the committee's deputy chief Rhee Chang-yong said. Ethiopia and Malawi represent Africa, and Singapore and Vietnam are from Asia. Spain, which had been invited to every G20 summit along with the Netherlands, survived the cut for Europe's sake.
"It might be perplexing to the Netherlands. We feel a bit sorry for them," Rhee said in a press briefing held at the committee's headquarters in Samcheong-dong, Seoul. "But the Sherpas of the G20 member nations have finally agreed that we needed to have a better geographical balance. There was a consensus that a certain region had been over-represented."
That certain region is Western Europe. It has four fixed member nations ― France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom ― as well as the European Union as the G20's only non-state member. In addition, Spain and the Netherlands had been participating in each of the past four summits on invitations from host nations. The Czech Republic and Sweden were also invited once each last year, which increased Western Europe's count at the summit's table to eight.
It was a time- and energy-consuming negotiation to rewrite the list of invitees, Rhee said.
"It was a complicated issue, because it was entangled with conflicting national interests of G20 members. It was a hot potato. With the invitation list finally set, we can now save time and focus more on the meeting's agenda."
Rhee also said that the finalized list has little to do with Korea's own national interest. In previous summits, the invitations were handed out by the host nation. But for the Seoul Summit, Korea was only committed to the role of a mediator and led the efforts to produce an invitation rule, he said.
"We have forgone the right to select invitees for the sake of a greater good. We have set a tradition that the invitations should be made on a consensus of G20 members, not in the host country's own desire," he said.
Malawi is the chair of the African Union, and Ethiopia is the chair of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). Vietnam is the chair of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Singapore is the chair of the Global Governance Group, a gathering of 28 non-G20 nations, but it is also a critical place for the G20 because of its role as a global financial hub.
Spain was included because of its economic weight, although it is already represented by the European Union at the G20.
Rhee, Seoul's "Sherpa," or chief negotiator, said that the presence of Malawi, Ethiopia and Vietnam can help the G20 extend its arms to developing and underdeveloped nations. Sustainable economic development of poor countries is one of the key issues to be dealt at the Seoul Summit.
The first G20 summit was held in October 2008 in Washington in response to the outbreak of a global financial crisis. It was an expansion of the G7, a meeting of seven economic powers, since countries had realized that the G7 could not deal with global economic problems without help from emerging economic powers such as China and Brazil.
The Seoul Summit is to be held on Nov. 11 and 12. Its main issues include global coordination in fiscal and monetary policies, reform of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), setting new regulations on bank capital and liquidity, and sustainable development of poor nations.
Regular G20 members are South Africa, Canada, Mexico, the United States, Argentina, Brazil, China, Japan, South Korea, India, Indonesia, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Turkey, France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and the European Union.
cjs@koreatimes.co.kr More articles by this reporter


Amazon is a company who describes themselves as "online shopping from the earth's biggest selection of books, magazine, music, DVDs, videos, electronics, computers..." (you get the point). Despite that description, Amazon is sure doing a lot of things offline. In fact, the company has several retail locations across the nation.
That's not even including their (fairly) newly-acquired Whole Foods partner.
And according to Yahoo Finance, they could be expanding that operation. Amazon and Whole Foods are reportedly looking into vacation buildings across the nation to set up more Whole Foods stores. Right now, the biggest treasure trove are those spaces that once houses Sears or Kmart. With many of these stores across the nation closing after a bankruptcy filing from their parent company, Amazon is starting to see dollar signs.
As it sits now, nothing has been confirmed.
Whole Foods currently has 430 locations across the country. According to Yahoo, that's a far cry from their competitors like Walmart and Kroger. It's been a year and a half since Amazon acquired Whole Foods and it appears there is not enough money to make this move. It makes complete sense to take a former store location and turn it into another store location. The space is surely large enough and after a few alterations and refrigeration hookups, they should be good to go, right?
This would definitely give Whole Food and whole new reach nationwide.


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Q: template friend function cannot access private member I am trying to compile the program on the book  3rd edition on vc6. It sees those 3 friend functions cannot access the private members. I have removed the <> after the operator== in the friend function declaration since it cannot pass the syntax check.
This might be a well-known problem, I guess it might be due to the friend function name mismatch, but I just do not know how to correct it. Kindly help me on this. Thanks
The code is below:
   // Program to test slices and a simple N*M matrix class

// pp 670-674 and 683-684

// No guarantees offered. Constructive comments to bs@research.att.com

#include<iostream>
#include<valarray>
#include<algorithm>
#include<numeric>   // for inner_product
using namespace std;

// forward declarations to allow friend declarations:
template<class T> class Slice_iter;
template<class T> bool operator==(const Slice_iter<T>&, const Slice_iter<T>&);
template<class T> bool operator!=(const Slice_iter<T>&, const Slice_iter<T>&);
template<class T> bool operator< (const Slice_iter<T>&, const Slice_iter<T>&);

template<class T> class Slice_iter {
    valarray<T>* v;
    slice s;
    size_t curr;    // index of current element

    T& ref(size_t i) const { return (*v)[s.start()+i*s.stride()]; }
public:
    Slice_iter(valarray<T>* vv, slice ss) :v(vv), s(ss), curr(0) { }

    Slice_iter end() const
    {
        Slice_iter t = *this;
        t.curr = s.size();  // index of last-plus-one element
        return t;
    }

    Slice_iter& operator++() { curr++; return *this; }
    Slice_iter operator++(int) { Slice_iter t = *this; curr++; return t; }

    T& operator[](size_t i) { return ref(i); }      // C style subscript
    T& operator()(size_t i) { return ref(i); }      // Fortran-style subscript
    T& operator*() { return ref(curr); }            // current element

    friend bool operator==(const Slice_iter<T>& p, const Slice_iter<T>& q);
    friend bool operator!=(const Slice_iter<T>& p, const Slice_iter<T>& q);
    friend bool operator< (const Slice_iter<T>& p, const Slice_iter<T>& q);

};

template<class T>
bool operator==(const Slice_iter<T>& p, const Slice_iter<T>& q)
{
    return p.curr==q.curr && p.s.stride()==q.s.stride() && p.s.start()==q.s.start();
}

template<class T>
bool operator!=(const Slice_iter<T>& p, const Slice_iter<T>& q)
{
    return !(p==q);
}

template<class T>
bool operator<(const Slice_iter<T>& p, const Slice_iter<T>& q)
{
    return p.curr<q.curr && p.s.stride()==q.s.stride() && p.s.start()==q.s.start();
}

since I cannot add a lot text to comments, I posted some errors in vs2008. It is quite clear that the previous error is due to the vc6, thanks a lot.
complete code is at here:http://www2.research.att.com/~bs/matrix.c It seems those syntax error is not related to the friend function, but the inner_product in numeric.
some error message under visual studio 2008:
1>c:\vc2008\vc\include\xutility(764) : error C2039: 'iterator_category' : is not a member of 'Cslice_iter<T>'
1>        with
1>        [
1>            T=double
1>        ]
1>        c:\vc2008\vc\include\numeric(106) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>' being compiled
1>        with
1>        [
1>            _Iter=Cslice_iter<double>
1>        ]
1>        k:\c++\valarray0.cpp(245) : see reference to function template instantiation 'double std::inner_product<Cslice_iter<T>,_Ty*,double>(_InIt1,_InIt1,_InIt2,_Ty)' being compiled
1>        with
1>        [
1>            T=double,
1>            _Ty=double,
1>            _InIt1=Cslice_iter<double>,
1>            _InIt2=double *
1>        ]
1>c:\vc2008\vc\include\xutility(764) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'iterator_category'
1>c:\vc2008\vc\include\xutility(764) : error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
1>c:\vc2008\vc\include\xutility(764) : error C2602: 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>::iterator_category' is not a member of a base class of 'std::iterator_traits<_Iter>'
1>        with

A: You have to specify the type parameter while declaring as friend inside the class definition.
Also, you don't need to specify Slice_iter<T> since Slice_Iter inside the class scope implicitly has the type parameters.
 friend bool operator==<T>(const Slice_iter& p, const Slice_iter& q);
 friend bool operator!=<T>(const Slice_iter& p, const Slice_iter& q);
 friend bool operator< <T>(const Slice_iter& p, const Slice_iter& q);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This article needs further revising.
The above image represents the primary inspiration for the city-nation of Tollana. It is also referred to as "the HUB".
Tollana | ta·lawn·a | [Citizens: Tollans] – Tollana will most likely be the first in a series of colonial nations planned. Tollana will be the capital nation of the Alliance, and will house the Colonial Council as well as diplomats from other worldly nations. Tollana will most likely be located in the western hemisphere and be home to approximately 3,000,000 individuals.
The city-nation of Tollana will hopefully be placed upon the crest of Mount Evermann on the Island of Socorro approximately 1,100-meters above sea level; the HUB will stand more than 3,200-meters above that; giving Tollana a total height of roughly 4,500-meters or just around 2.75 miles above sea level at its highest point; making it the largest mega-structure on Earth.
The HUB will have a base footprint of approximately 800-meters, with its dome (mushroom) top having a radius of over 1,600-meters. The HUB will be built into the volcanic bedrock approximately 800-meters deep within the Earth's crust. The HUB, when completed, will be able to house between 150,000 and 2,500,000 citizen's; plus have enough room to house the ambassador's and employee's from some 200 nations; a UN staff and council and around 500,000 displaced peoples.
First to be built, in regards to the HUB, will be the engineering level's of the city. A sheer 800-meter bore hole will be drilled down into the summit of Mount Evermann; and then the infrastructure of those lower levels will be completed. After that, the 'mushroom' top will be constructed and then using a very power stand-jack system it will slowly be raised, allowing for the lower levels to be built and offering protection and limited housing to those working within the future city.
Automated Construction Drones (A.C.D.'s) will be employed to handle the majority of the construction; laying the cities skeleton and applying the outer hull panels as the HUB is being built. Interior construction will be mostly completed by human hands.


text:
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At The Feline Association of NSW show held on 29 November, Debbie Thomas's Tawny Somali female, Joylincar Tammy's in Love, did very well. She was best Gr 3 kitten (out of 19) in both rings, and in one ring, she was also Supreme Exhibit out of 96. Tammy was bred in Perth by Carole Carroll, from Dia Gr Ch Kisompa's Calogero (Imp FIN) and CCCA Ch & Tpl Dia Gr Ch Joylincar Acushla.
Gold DGPN and Sapphire ACF AoE Devaraja Dream Weaver (T) had a great show at LABCC 4 ring show on 17/11/2008, Liam was awarded Best Group 3 Neuter out of 11 in all 4 rings and was awarded best Group 3 exhibit out of 49 in 1 ring and Supreme exhibit out of 102 Judge D Spurrell (FCCV). Also at this Show, Liam obtained his Gold DGPN and Sapphire ACF AoE titles. "Liam" was bred by Greg & Gillian Little from ACF AoE & Dbl Gr Ch Nile Play It Again Sam and Gr Ch Devaraja Red Alert.
No stranger to this page is Helen Norwood's Tawny male, Johari At First Sight, who was Best Gr 3 Exhibit (out of 38) and Supreme Exhibit (out of 71) at the COAWA Halloween show on 26 October. "Sulley" was bred by Carol Collins in Sydney from Gr Ch Johari Africander and Tijah Blue Shadow.
It's always nice to welcome a new winner, and so it was at the (GCSA) All British Club show in Adelaide on 19 October, where Evelyn and Rita Bruche's Tawny Aby female kitten, Merindalee Mardi Gras, was Best Gr 3 Kitten (out of 9) and Supreme Gr 3 Exhibit (out of 59) in one ring of a 2-rinjg show. Mardi Gras was bred in Melbourne by Eileen & Karel Pittaway, from Merindalee Im The Man and Merindalee Naughty But Nice.
At The Highlands South of Sydney, on 11 October, Ben White & Wendy Newton's Ch Swift Cheshire Cat was Best Gr 3 neuter cat (out of 10) in one ring, and went on be be 4th all-breed cat in show out of 78. He also "monstered" his owners, judges, stewards and anyone else who happened to be nearby, with his exceptionally loving and outgoing manner. "Cheshie" comes from a mating of Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER) and Ch Nile Runcible Cat. He became a Grand Champion on the day.
George & Julie Kennedys' Tawny female kitten, Osiris(V) Sioux City Sue was "at it again" at the Blue Point Siamese show on 4 October. In two of the three rings, she was Best Gr 3 Kitten (out of 41) and Best Gr 3 Exhibit (out of 85), and consequently Best Gr 3 Exhibit across the three rings. Suzie was bred by Sue Jentsch from Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove and CCCA Ch & Sil Gr Ch Osiris(V) Running Bear, and photographed here by Wendy Newton. Suzie was then Supreme all-breed kitten (out of 40) at the Highlands show on 11 October.
Also at the IGA Perth Royal Show on Monday 29th September, Carole Carroll's Blue female kitten, Osiris(V) Blue Dreamer, was Best OFSH kitten (out of 17) and Best Gr 3 Exhibit (out of 102) in Ring 1. "Dusty" was bred by Sue Jentsch in Melbourne, from Osiris(V) Perfect Dream and Johari Urban Nature.
At the IGA Perth Royal Show on Monday 29th September, Lynne Moorman's Tawny Somali neuter, Dbl Pr Joylincar Sun God Amun Ra, was Best Other Foreign Desexed Adult in one ring (our of 7). He then went on to be named Best Desexed Exhibit-All Breeds in the ring (out of 28). "Tarek" was bred in Perth by Carole Carroll, from Diamond Gr Ch Kisompa's Calogero (Imp FIN) and Joylincar Koala Blue.
There was a kitten "double trifecta" at the NSW CFA No Frills show on 20 September. George & Julie Kennedy's Cinnamon male kitten, Nile Didgeridoo was Best Gr 3 Male kitten (out of 13). Didge, below left, is from Carol Collins's Gr Ch Johari Africander and Brz Dbl Gr Ch Nile Fawn Sprite; he will be going to Anne Marit Jerpstad in Norway in December. However, the Kennedys' Tawny female kitten, Osiris(V) Sioux City Sue trumped him by being Best Gr 3 Female kitten and Best Overall Gr 3 kitten (out of 43) in all three rings. Suzie, below right, was bred by Sue Jentsch from Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove and CCCA Ch & Sil Gr Ch Osiris(V) Running Bear; she isn't going anywhere!
Ben White & Wendy Newton's Ch Johari All That Jazz makes his first adult appearance on this page, following excellent performance at the NSW CFA No Frills show on 20 September where he was Best Gr 3 male cat (out of 12) and 3rd in the other ring. He went on to be Best Gr 3 entire/desexed cat (out of 52) in the first two rings, and Best All-breed cat in one of them (out of 114) This Tawny male was bred in Sydney by Carol Collins, from Brz Dbl Gr Ch Tijah Trail Blazer and Gr Ch Johari Spirit Of Kenya. Jazzy was then Best Gr 3 Cat (out of 24) in Ring 2 of the Blue Point Siamese show on 4 October.
At Cat Fanciers' Club of Tasmania 2 Ring show on 6 September, Gold ACF AoE & Sil DGPN Devaraja Dream Weaver, Tracy Stokoe's Tawny neuter, was Best Gr 3 Desexed Cat out of 14 in both rings. He was also awarded the Mary Ruth Cherry trophy for Best Shorthaired Exhibit in show out of 65. "Liam" was bred by Greg & Gillian Little from ACF AoE & Dbl Gr Ch Nile Play It Again Sam and Gr Ch Devaraja Red Alert.
One that "nearly got away" at the Abyssinian Cat Club's show on 23 August, was another member of Sue Jentsch well-performed contingent, This young Tawny male was Best Kitten (out of 29) in one ring and 2nd Kitten in another ring, where he was also 3rd Exhibit (out of 63) in two rings. He comes from a mating of Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER) and Ch Tijah Porcelain Blue.
Finally at the Abyssinian Cat Club's show on 23 August, it seems that in 2008 a major show wouldn't be a major show unless Sue Jentsch's Tawny female cat, Gr Ch Osiris(V) Influencedbuyou, did very well, and so she did. "Yon" was Best Cat (out of 22) and R/U to Best Exhibit (out of 63) in two rings. She comes from a mating of Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER) and Tijah Influence.
Still at the Abyssinian Cat Club's show on 23 August, Sue Jentsch's Tawny female kitten, Osiris(V) Akecheta, was Best Kitten (out of 29) i and Best Exhibit in Show (out of 63) in one ring. Akecheta's sire was Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER) while her dam was Osiris(V) Chilali.
Also at the Abyssinian Cat Club's show on 23 August, Lynne Moorman's Tawny Somali neuter, Double Premier Joylincar Sun God Amun Ra, was Best Desexed Cat (out of 12) in all three rings, and 3rd Exhibit in Show (out of 63) in one ring. There must be something about the long flight from Perth that "Tarek" really enjoys, as he proved with his recent achievements at the CCCA National Show in Brisbane and the Abyssinian Breeder Show in Canberra. "Tarek" was bred in Perth by Carole Carroll, from Diamond Gr Ch Kisompa's Calogero (Imp FIN) and Joylincar Koala Blue.
At the 3-ring Abyssinian Cat Club's show on 23 August, Ben White and Wendy Newton's Tawny male, Osiris(V) Royal Doulton, was best cat (out of 22) and best Exhibit in Show (out of 63) in one ring. It was "Willow's" first adult show, too. He comes from a mating of Ch Osiris(V) Chief Redbull and Ch Tijah Porcelain Blue.
Gail Warwick's Tawny female cat, Ch Kemenkat Jungle Juice, was Best Shorthair Entire Cat (out of 29) in two of the four rings at the SHBCA show on 9 August. She was bred by Gail from Gold Dbl Gr Ch Merindalee To The Max (Imp AUS) and Ch Kemenkat Blue Bayou.
"Hazy" was at it again, at the Southern Districts show on 3 August, with a 2nd Gr 3 Desexed Cat in one ring and a Best in the other ring (out of 11). She is, of course, Evelyn & Rita Bruche's Silver spay cat, ACF AoE, CCCA Dbl Gr Ch & Gold Dbl Gr Pr Vivace Hazy Shade Of Winter, from Dushara Silver Catch Who Can (Imp DNK) X Dushara Dirty Woman (Imp DNK), and is shown here with judge Julia Nicholls.
At the LABCC 4-ring show on 26 July, Gold ACF AoE & Sil DGPN Devaraja Dream Weaver, Tracey Stokoe's Tawny neuter, was Best Gr 3 Desexed Cat out of 10 in three of rings and Reserve in the 4th ring.. He was also Best Gr 3 Exhibit out of 43, and went on to be Best Exhibit in Show out of 110. "Liam" was bred by Greg & Gillian Little from ACF AoE & Dbl Gr Ch Nile Play It Again Sam and Gr Ch Devaraja Red Alert.
Carolyn Osier's Tawny male from Australia, Gr Ch Nile David Becks of Wil-o-glen, was the highest-scoring Aby cat at the Abyssinian Breeders International show on July 26/27. Out of the 74 all-breed cats entered, he was Best in show in two rings, and also gained a 2nd and a 3rd in other rings. Becks was bred by George & Julie Kennedy in Sydney, from Nat Sh Ch, CCCA Dbl Gr Ch & Diamond Dbl Gr Ch Nile Phantom Of Hope and Dbl Gr Ch Nile Toccata.
Sue Jentsch's Tawny female, CCCA Ch & Gold Gr Ch Osiris(V) Running Bear, got a 3rd, a 2nd and a Best Group 3 cat in show out of 47 at the GCCFV 80th Anniversary show on 27 July, and in the ring where she won, she was also Best Gr 3 Exhibit out of 116. Running Bear's sire is Ch Osiris(V) Redbull and her dam is the ubiquitous Ch Tijah Influence.
Leaving the best till last at the CCCA National on 19-20 July Sue Jentsch's Tawny female, Osiris(V) Influencedbuyou, was Best Group 3 cat in show out of 79 in one ring, was placed 2nd in another, 4th in another ring, then 5th twice and 6th. In the ring where she won, she went on to be Best Gr 3 Exhibit out of 197. She comes from an earlier mating of Ch Tijah Influence to the late and lamented Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER).
Again at the CCCA National on 19-20 July, Kaylie Goodrick's Tawny female, Osiris(V) Sweet Influence, was 4thGroup 3 kitten in show out of 91 in one ring. She was bred by Sue Jentsch from Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER) and Ch Tijah Influence.
Still at the CCCA National on 19-20 July Sue Jentsch's Tawny female, Osiris(V) Sioux City Sue, was Best Group 3 kitten in show out of 91 in one ring. Her sire and dam are Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER and CCCA Ch & Sil Ch Osiris(V) Running Bear.
Aby - especially kittens - distinguished themselves at the CCCA National on 19-20 July, First off the mark is Helen Norwood's Tawny male from Perth, Johari At First Sight; he was best Gr 3 kitten out of 91, and runner-up in another, at this 8-ring show. "Sulley" was bred by Carol Collins in Sydney from Gr Ch Johari Africander and Tijah Blue Shadow, and is shown here with NZ judge Albie Jobson.
Also on 13 July, Carol Collins's Tawny male, Dbl Gr Ch Tijah Trail Blazer, was best Gr 3 male cat in one ring out of 13, at the St George show. He then went on to be runner-up to supreme all-breeds cat out of 123. The stunning photo below was taken at the show by cat photographer (and sometime judge) Fiona Cooper.
A big cheer for Kerstin Jones's Ch Asmara Opal Moon! She was best S.H. cat in two rings rings and second in the other, out of 8, at the QICC show on 13 July. It's not often that Blue Abys do so well in Australia. Opal Moon was bred by Jenny Mckernan, from ACF AoE PDGC Zinnabar Blackberry and Asmara Under A Glass Moon.
Helen Norwood's Johari At Fist Sight was best Gr 3 kitten out of 23 in both rings of the West Coast Cat Club's show on 7 July. Shown here with judge Jim Watson, "Sulley" was bred in Sydney by Carol Collins, from Gr Ch Johari Africander and Tijah Blue Shadow.
At the ACF National show on 8 June, Christine Mangin's Tawny Neuter, ACF Gold AoE & QFA and FCCQ Plat Dbl Gr Ch Asmara Remy Martin was Best Gr 3 desexed cat out of 13 in two of the three rings. Remy was bred by Jenny Mckernan, and is by Gold Dbl Gr Ch Alazar Fidelio out of Asmara Crown Of Ishoa.
George & Julie Kennedy's Tawny female, Ch Nile Posh Spice, was Best Gr 3 cat (out of 25) in one ring of the Kempsey Kat Klub show on 31 May. She was also Best Gr 3 Exhibit (out of 80) and became a Grand Champion in the process. Her sire is Nat Sh Ch, CCCA Dbl Gr Ch & Diamond Dbl Gr Ch Nile Phantom Of Hope, while her dam is Dbl Gr Ch Nile Toccata.
Greg & Gillian Little's Cinnamon girl, Osiris(V) Wearing Rubies, was unanimously Supreme Exhibit at the CAT Supreme Show out of 100 on 24 May. Ruby is bred by Sue Jentsch in Melbourne, from Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER) and Gr Ch Osiris(V) Lady Victoria.
Dbl Gr Ch Tijah Trail Blazer has has had a splendid time in two cities, This Tawny male cat bred by Sue Hatcher and owned by Carol Collins, was Best Cat in Two rings and then Supreme Exhibit out of 49 at the Abyssinian Breeder show in Canberra, on 17 May. Then, at the Siamese Cat Soc show in Sydney on 24 May, he was Best Gr 3 Cat in two rings and Bes Gr 3 Exhibit overall out of 134, His sire is (US) Ch Unkamen's Ravenheart (Imp USA) while his dam is Tijah Chanel.
Johari All That Jazz, Tawny male kitten bred by Carol Collins and owned by Ben White & Wendy Newton, was Best Kitten in Two rings and Supreme Kitten at the Abyssinian Breeder show in Canberra, on 17 May, out of 24. A week later in Sydney, he he was Best Gr 3 Male Kitten (out of 25) in two rings at the Siamese Cat Soc show, He is from Dbl Gr Ch Tijah Trail Blazer (the cat immediately above!) and Gr Ch Johari Spirit of Kenya.
Ch Nile David Becks of Wil-O-Glen, Tawny male bred by George & Julie Kennedy in Sydney and owned by Carolyn Osier in Los Angeles, had a very good time at the Tonks West show in Costa Mesa, CA, on 11 April. He was Best Entire Cat in two of the rings, second in the 3rd ring and fifth in the remaining ring. He was the highest-scoring all-breed cat in show out of 34, and became a Grand Champion in the process. Becks is by Nat Sh Ch, CCCA Dbl Gr Ch & Diamond Dbl Gr Ch Nile Phantom Of Hope out of Dbl Gr Ch Nile Toccata.
Osiris(V) Perfect Dream, Tawny male bred and owned by Sue Jentsch (and held by her in the photo below) had a very good start to his adult showing career on 6 April was Best Gr 3 Cat out of 23 in two of the three rings at the FCCV Bendigo show, and Best Overall Gr 3 Exhibit out of 76. His sire and dam are Gr Ch Tijah Perfect State and Osiris(V) Blue Mist, respectively.
Ben White and Wendy Newton's Tawny male, Johari All That Jazz (below left), has done very well at this year's Royal Easter Show, and this time he was joined by their female, Swift Djemila (below right). In the 2-ring kitten section of the Championship show on 22 March, Djemila was best Gr 3 female kitten (out of 50) and best Gr 3 kitten overall (out of 86) in one ring. At the 3-ring Kitten Carnival show on 29 March, Jazzy was best Gr 3 male kitten (out of 27) in all three rings, and best overall Gr 3 kitten (out of 96) in one of them. Djemila was Best Gr 3 female kitten (out of 56) in one ring, in which she was also best overall Gr 3 kitten.
Johari All That Jazz was bred by Carol Collins, from Gr Ch Tijah Trail Blazer and Gr Ch Johari Spirit of Kenya. Swift Djemila was bred by Ben and Wendy themselves, from Gr Ch Johari Africander and Cenglow Sweeter Than.
At the LABCC show on 16 March, Sil ACF AoE & DGPN Devaraja Dream Weaver, Tracey Stokoe's Tawny neuter, was Best Gr 3 Desexed Cat out of 12, in two of the four rings. He was also Best Gr 3 Exhibit out of 44 in both rings, and went on to be Best Exhibit in Show out of 110. "Liam" was bred by Greg & Gillian Little from ACF AoE & Dbl Gr Ch Nile Play It Again Sam and Gr Ch Devaraja Red Alert.
Greg & Gillian Little's Cinnamon girl, Osiris(V) Wearing Rubies, was Best Gr 3 Kitten out of 12 in both rings of the Derwent Cat Club show on 19 February. Ruby is from Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER) and Gr Ch Osiris(V) Lady Victoria. At the LABCC show in Launceston on 16 March, Ruby was Best Gr 3 Kitten out of 17, in three out of the four rings.
At the same Mornington Peninsula show, new exhibitor, Melissa Mitchell's Tawny male kitten, Merindalee Mr Nice Guy, was Best Gr 3 Kitten and Best Gr 3 Exhibit out of 72. He is shown here with his owner, and comes from a mating of Gr Ch Riverfern Union Jack (Imp UK) and Merindalee Naughty But Nice.
On 24 February, Sue Jentsch's Tawny female cat, Brz Gr Ch Osiris(V) Running Bear. was Best Gr 3 Cat out of 18 in both rings of the Mornington Peninsula show. Shown with her breeder/owner, she is from a mating of Ch Osiris(V) Chief Redbull and Ch Tijah Influence.
Also on 3 February, Sue Jentsch's Tawny female kitten, Osiris(V) Influenced BuYou. was Best Gr 3 Exhibit out of 43 in one ring at the Melbourne Animal Pet Expo on 1-3 February. She come from a mating of Gr Ch Rififi of Wonderlove (Imp GER) and Ch Tijah Influence, and is shown here with Se Jentsch.
The first winner of the season was Ben White and Wendy Newton's Tawny male, Johari All That Jazz, who was Best Gr 3 Kitten out of 26 at The Federal Cat Club's Kitten show in Sydney on 3 February. Jazzy, who is by Ch Tijah Trail Blazer from Gr Ch Johari Spirit of Kenya, was also Best Gr 3 Kitten in one ring, out of 70. He was also Best Gr 3 Kitten out of 16 in one ring of the Canberra Royal Show on 24 February.


text:
Q: Abstract class and IModelBinder, how to get a correct ValidationState? Context:
I have an angular App which send complex Data to my .net Core API. Data sent could be an Image (ImageDto) or a couple of Images (StackImageDto), and Title & Tags. We send Data  using multi-part HTML form, It means the Data is not JSON formatted.
Bug:
There is currently a bug in .Net Core 2.2 with BindModelAsync:
https://github.com/aspnet/AspNetCore/issues/6616
Similar issues:
I try to follow what people suggested but I didnt succeed to make it work correctly:

*

*https://github.com/aspnet/Mvc/issues/4703

*http://qaru.site/questions/1630337/mvc-6-custom-model-binder-with-dependency-injection

*Model binder for abstract class in asp.net core mvc 2
Code:
As I need to make the API works, I use a different way to set my abstract class DTO used in the controller.
Here is the DTO classes, MediaDto:
[ModelBinder(BinderType = typeof(AbstractModelBinder))]
public abstract class MediaDto
{
    public Guid? Id { get; set; }
    [Required]
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Note { get; set; }
    public TagDto[] Tags { get; set; } = new TagDto[] { };
    public ChallengeDetailsDto[] Challenges { get; set; }
    [Required]
    public string Discriminator { get; set; }

    public DateTimeOffset? CreatedAt { get; set; }
    public string CreatedBy { get; set; }
    //public Guid CreatedByUserId { get; set; }
    public DateTimeOffset? EditedAt { get; set; }
    public string EditedBy { get; set; }
    public DateTimeOffset? DeletedAt { get; set; }
    public string DeletedBy { get; set; }
}

ImageDto:
[Serializable]
public class ImageDto : MediaDto
{
    public IFormFile Image { get; set; }
    public string Url { get; set; }

    public ImageDto()
    {
        Discriminator = ImageDtoDiscriminator;
    }
}

StackImageDto:
[Serializable]
public class StackImageDto : MediaDto
{
    [Required]
    [EnumDataType(typeof(StackImageType))]
    public StackImageType Type { get; set; }
    [Required]
    public IEnumerable<StackFileDto> StackFiles { get; set; }

    public StackImageDto()
    {
        Discriminator = StackImageDtoDiscriminator;
    }
}

StackFileDto
[Serializable]
public class StackFileDto
{
    public Guid? Id { get; set; }
    public IFormFile Image { get; set; }
    public string Url { get; set; }
    public int Position { get; set; }
}

MediaLibraryConverter convert the Json to my instance of MediaDto:
public class MediaLibraryConverter : JsonConverter
{
    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return typeof(MediaDto).IsAssignableFrom(objectType);
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        MediaDto result = null;

        var jsonChallange = JObject.Load(reader);
        var discriminator = jsonChallange.Properties().First(p => p.Name == "discriminator").Value.ToString();

        if (discriminator.Equals(nameof(ImageDto), StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
        {
            result = (ImageDto)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jsonChallange.ToString(), typeof(ImageDto));
        }
        else if (discriminator.Equals(nameof(StackImageDto), StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
        {
            result = (StackImageDto)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jsonChallange.ToString(), typeof(StackImageDto));
        }
        else
        {
            throw new ApiException($"{nameof(MediaDto)} discriminator is not set properly.", HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
        }

        return result;
    }

    public override bool CanWrite
    {
        get { return false; }
    }

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

AbstractModelBinder does the context binding, as I get the data using [FromForm] attribute in the action of the controller:
public class AbstractModelBinder : IModelBinder
{
    public Task BindModelAsync(ModelBindingContext bindingContext)
    {
        if (bindingContext == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(bindingContext));

        // Fetch the value of the argument by name and set it to the model state
        string fieldName = bindingContext.FieldName;

        try
        {
            var data = ExtractDataFromContext(bindingContext)[0];
            var jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(data);
            bindingContext.ModelState.SetModelValue(fieldName, new ValueProviderResult(jsonData));

            var discriminator = JObject.Parse(jsonData)
                .Properties()
                .First(p => p.Name == "discriminator")
                .Value
                .ToString();

            // Deserialize the provided value and set the binding result
            if (discriminator.Equals(nameof(ImageDto), StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
            {
                object o = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ImageDto>(jsonData, new MediaLibraryConverter());
                o = BindFormFiles(o, bindingContext);
                bindingContext.Result = ModelBindingResult.Success(o);
            }
            else if (discriminator.Equals(nameof(StackImageDto), StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
            {
                object o = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<StackImageDto>(jsonData, new MediaLibraryConverter());
                o = BindFormFiles(o, bindingContext);
                bindingContext.Result = ModelBindingResult.Success(o);
            }
        }
        catch (JsonException e)
        {
            bindingContext.Result = ModelBindingResult.Failed();
        }

        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }

BindFormFiles is a recursive function helping to bind json and IFormFile getting from HttpContext to an Instance of MediaDto
    private object BindFormFiles(object tmp, ModelBindingContext bindingContext, string fieldName = null)
    {
        if (tmp == null)
        {
            return tmp;
        }

        var type = tmp.GetType();
        if (type.IsPrimitive || typeof(string).IsAssignableFrom(type))
        {
            return tmp;
        }

        if (typeof(IEnumerable).IsAssignableFrom(type) && !typeof(IEnumerable<IFormFile>).IsAssignableFrom(type))
        {
            var array = (IList)tmp;
            for (int i = 0; i < array.Count; i++)
            {
                array[i] = BindFormFiles(array[i], bindingContext, $"{fieldName}[{i}]");
            }
        }
        else
        {
            foreach (var property in tmp.GetType().GetProperties())
            {
                var name = property.Name;
                if (typeof(IFormFile).IsAssignableFrom(property.PropertyType))
                {
                    var file = bindingContext.HttpContext.Request.Form.Files
                        .FirstOrDefault(f => string.IsNullOrEmpty(fieldName)
                            ? f.Name.Equals($"{property.Name}", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                            : f.Name.Equals($"{fieldName}.{property.Name}", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                        );
                    if (file != null)
                    {
                        property.SetValue(tmp, file);
                    }
                }
                else if (typeof(IEnumerable).IsAssignableFrom(property.PropertyType))
                {
                    if (property.PropertyType == typeof(IEnumerable<IFormFile>))
                    {
                        var files = bindingContext.HttpContext.Request.Form.Files
                            .Where(f => string.IsNullOrEmpty(fieldName)
                                ? f.Name.Equals($"{property.Name}", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                                : f.Name.Equals($"{fieldName}.{property.Name}", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                            );
                        if (files?.Any() == true)
                        {
                            property.SetValue(tmp, files);
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        property.SetValue(
                            tmp,
                            BindFormFiles(
                                property.GetValue(tmp),
                                bindingContext,
                                string.IsNullOrEmpty(fieldName)
                                    ? property.Name
                                    : $"{fieldName}.{property.Name}"
                            )
                        );
                    }
                }
                else if (property.PropertyType.IsClass && !typeof(string).IsAssignableFrom(property.PropertyType))
                {
                    property.SetValue(
                        tmp,
                        BindFormFiles(
                            property.GetValue(tmp),
                            bindingContext,
                            property.Name
                        )
                    );
                }
            }
        }
        return tmp;
    }

ExtractDataFromContext is a recursive function extracting Data from HttpContext
    private List<Dictionary<string, object>> ExtractDataFromContext(ModelBindingContext bindingContext, string fieldName = null)
    {
        var i = 0;
        var propertyName = string.IsNullOrEmpty(fieldName)
            ? string.Empty
            : $"{fieldName}[{i}]";
        var result = new List<Dictionary<string, object>>();

        while (bindingContext.ActionContext.HttpContext.Request.Form
            .Where(kv => string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName)
                ? true
                : kv.Key.StartsWith(propertyName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            )
            .DistinctBy(kv => kv.Key.Substring(0, propertyName.Length))
            .Any()
        )
        {
            var values = bindingContext.ActionContext.HttpContext.Request.Form
                .Where(kv => string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName)
                    ? true
                    : kv.Key.StartsWith($"{fieldName}[{i}]", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
                )
                .ToDictionary(
                    kv => string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName)
                        ? kv.Key
                        : kv.Key.Replace($"{propertyName}.", string.Empty, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase),
                    kv => (object)kv.Value[0]
                );

            var subValues = values
                .Where(kv => kv.Key.Contains("]."))
                .GroupBy(kv => kv.Key.Substring(0, kv.Key.IndexOf("[")))
                .ToDictionary(
                    g => g.Key,
                    g => string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName)
                        ? (object)ExtractDataFromContext(bindingContext, $"{g.Key}")
                        : (object)ExtractDataFromContext(bindingContext, $"{propertyName}.{g.Key}")

                )
                .Concat(values
                    .Where(kv => kv.Key.Contains("]") && !kv.Key.Contains("]."))
                    .GroupBy(kv => kv.Key.Substring(0, kv.Key.IndexOf("[")))
                    .ToDictionary(
                        g => g.Key,
                        g => (object)g.Select(kv => kv.Value)
                    )
                );

            result.Add(values
                .Where(kv => !kv.Key.Contains("]"))
                .Concat(subValues)
                .ToList()
                .ToDictionary(
                    kv => kv.Key,
                    kv => kv.Value
                )
            );
            i++;
            propertyName = $"{fieldName}[{i}]";
        }
        return result;
    }

For people interested to know what the HttpContext.Request.Form contains:
Files:

Keys:

ValidateModelStateAttribute is an ActionFilterAttribute validating the current ModelState for all controller actions
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All, AllowMultiple = false)]
public class ValidateModelStateAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext context)
    {
        if (!context.ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            context.Result = new BadRequestObjectResult(context.ModelState);
        }
    }
}

As you can see, the ModelState is not valid not because of errors but because the ValidationState is 'unvalidated'.

If I bypass the ActionFilter and go in the action of my controller, I can see the Dto correctly filled:

Question:
How can I say to context.ModelState that his ValidationState is valid?


text:
Practice Areas & Industries
Admitted In
Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, J.D., 2022
University of Colorado Boulder, B.A., 2019
Grace Diamond
Combined Shape Shape Shape
Grace Diamond is an associate at Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP in the Trial Group. Ms. Diamond received her J.D. from the Arizona State University Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law and her B.A. from the University of Colorado. While earning her law degree, she was an associate editor of the Corporate and Business Law Journal and was the director of fundraising for Arizona State University's Women Law Students Association.
During law school, Ms. Diamond externed at the Arizona Supreme Court and, most recently, at Zayo Group, LLC, where she worked on various complex commercial litigation matters.
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DGS Legal Alert: FTX Trading and Alameda Research Fall into Chapter 11
Global cryptocurrency exchange FTX Trading, Alameda Research, and 132 of their affiliates filed voluntary Chapter 11 bankruptcy petitions on November...
DGS Adds Four New Associates
Davis Graham & Stubbs LLP is pleased to announce that the firm has added four new associates who are admitted...


Business are popping out left and right. There's always going to be some form of new business that's going to try its hand in the competition, and whether it'll succeed or not depends on its appeal to the customers and how it's managed. It takes a ton of skill and a lot of responsibility to be able to manage a business and make it successful at the same time.
There are some people who feel like they were meant to manage a business. Then there are some people who feel like they've already done everything they can to manage the business they're in and would like to try their hand in managing another.
So for these people who want to try managing another business, they'll need our Business Forms for Management to help them out.
Management of Business Agreement Forms are the kind of forms used to draft contracts with those who wish to manage a particular business. These help set the terms and conditions for those who will be hired to take charge of supervisory positions and to make sure that the terms are agreeable for all involved.
Business Management Job Application Forms are for those people who want to apply for a job in business management. These are for when companies are trying to find the right managers to help them run the business.
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There are some people who really want to manage a business. Business management ensures that a company's performance reaches and remains at peak levels.
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text:
The Toyota Tj Cruiser Concept Is A Toolbox On Wheels
Erik Shilling
Ahead of this month's Tokyo Motor Show, Toyota is telling us about a lot of cool new shit, like yesterday's third-generation Century. Today we get a boxy concept car they're calling the Tj Cruiser, which looks like the car equivalent of a bull in a china shop. In a good way, though.
The New Toyota Century Is Like Toyota's Lincoln Continental Except Way Cooler
The Toyota Century has only been updated once since its debut in 1967, a car designed, seemingly,…
The Tj Cruiser is "designed for drivers with lifestyles where work and play dovetail seamlessly," Toyota says. The company also describes the car as a crossover between an SUV and a cargo van—the interior, indeed, can be converted to what looks like the inside of a cargo plane.
The name, in fact, has some meaning, Toyota says, even if "Tj" sounds to me like the name of a teenage dirtbag. The "T" stand for "Toolbox," while the "j" stands for "joy." I'm not making this up.
The interior is big enough to fit 9-foot surfboards, in addition to large bikes, according to Toyota. It also has a lot of tie-down points—ideal for holding cargo, which can fit easily through the car's massive door openings. Just have a look:
What's under the hood? A 2.0-liter hybrid engine, Toyota says. It will also be front-wheel and four-wheel drive. Details beyond that are a bit scarce, though you can expect to learn a bit more in a few weeks in Tokyo. No word yet on production, but Toyota's been missing something boxy and weird since the FJ Cruiser left us.
One final note: While the car looks big, it's actually more than three feet shorter than the new Century, and about four inches less wide, coming in at 14-feet long and a little less than six feet wide. The car is a toolbox of joy.