Another area to investigate before choosing the best dating site for you is the ways in which the site allows contact between members. Sites vary in the way that they allow contact and you have to decide what you are comfortable with before choosing a dating site. You may find sites that will release contact information such as email address and telephone numbers on your approval or other sites that won't divulge contact information in any situations but allows members to exchange information through private chat rooms at their own discretion. On some dating sites, member email addresses are readily displayed and on others, even this piece of information is not allowed. It is wise to safeguard your contact information by choosing a dating site that has firm restrictions on releasing contact information. It's important to keep in mind thought that this strictness can work for you and against you. It can prevent you from receiving contact from many members that you don't necessarily want to receive contact from but it also prohibits you from having easy access to a member that you find appealing. It is important to consider your feelings on the availability of contact information on a dating site and carefully research the regulations before choosing a dating site.
Evaluating a dating site's matchmaking methods is another way to choose the best dating site for you. If you prefer to peruse member profiles at your own leisure and not be contacted by site administrations regarding potential matches, the best dating site for you may be one that does not have match making features. If you don't have the time to comb through member profiles in search of a match or simply don't want to do this, you may want to choose a dating site that does provide you with information regarding potential matches. If you decide to go with a site that provides a matchmaking feature, you will need to further investigate the methods of matchmaking in choosing the dating site that is right for you. Matchmaking methods utilized by some dating sites include matching up members based on the percentage of matching keywords or phrases or using a trial and error method by sending you a few initial matches and then tailoring future matches based on your responses to the initial matches. Whether or not you choose a dating site that provides matchmaking services is up to you but if you do choose one that does provide matchmaking services you need to also investigate the matchmaking methods employed by the site.
A final consideration in choosing the best dating site for you is the fees involved with the site. There are dating sites that are free of charge and there are some sites charge a flat monthly rate while others charge based on the number of profiles you view and still others that charge based on the number of messages you send to members. A free site may not necessarily be the best bargain when it comes to dating sites. If you are really serious about finding a match a free site may not be for you. Since there is nothing to lose in joining a free site, these sites are often filled with members who aren't really serious about finding matches. On the other hand sites that charge a fee, involve making an investment so you are more likely to find members on this site that are really committed to meeting matches. Sites that charge a flat monthly fee for membership are likely your best bargain. These types of dating sites give you the opportunity to view as many profiles as you like and send as many messages as you like to members. While it's true that you are also free to do this with dating sites that charge per profile viewed or message sent, you are probably more likely to exercise caution in the number of profiles you view or members you contact. There are many factors involving fees to consider in choosing a dating site.
In this article I give free tips and advice to help people to have a ….
Being a man and being labeled a romantic is not always desirable. Or is it? ….


text:
Q: How to pass data of API from function to widget/drawer? I have to pass data from an API function to widget, How can I pass the data?
The response of my API is as below.
{
  "success": 1,
  "user": {
    "user_id": "609cab2cd5b6c",
    "name": "Test User",
    "mobile": "9909413561",
    "email": "sunil@gmail.com",
    "standard_id": "5d1594e283e1a",
    "medium_id": "5d15938aa1344",
    "location": "Bardoli",
    "avatar": "upload/avatar/609cab2cd5b6c609cb9205afef.png",
    "device_id": "y",
    "created_at": "2021-05-13",
    "updated_at": "2021-05-13"
  },
  "user_plan": {
    "order_id": "1630562288613067f0604e217940396609cab2cd5b6c",
    "plan_id": "5d1de239d1045",
    "plan_name": "Free Trial",
    "access_level": "s",
    "total": "0",
    "validity": "7",
    "validity_type": "days",
    "material": "0",
    "video": "0",
    "quiz": "1",
    "valid_from": "2021-09-02",
    "valid_to": "2021-09-09",
    "transaction_date": "2021-09-02 11:28:08",
    "active": "1"
  },
  "standard": {
    "standard_id": "5d1594e283e1a",
    "standard_name": "Std 2",
    "active": "1"
  },
  "medium": {
    "medium_id": "5d15938aa1344",
    "medium_name": "English Medium",
    "active": "1"
  }
}

The Model Class which I created from above response as below in login_model.dart file.
// To parse this JSON data, do
//
//     final loginModel = loginModelFromJson(jsonString);

import 'dart:convert';

LoginModel loginModelFromJson(String str) =>
    LoginModel.fromJson(json.decode(str));

String loginModelToJson(LoginModel data) => json.encode(data.toJson());

class LoginModel {
  LoginModel({
    required this.success,
    required this.user,
    required this.userPlan,
    required this.standard,
    required this.medium,
  });

  int success;
  LogedinUser user;
  UserPlan userPlan;
  UserStandard standard;
  UserMedium medium;

  factory LoginModel.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => LoginModel(
        success: json["success"],
        user: LogedinUser.fromJson(json["user"]),
        userPlan: UserPlan.fromJson(json["user_plan"]),
        standard: UserStandard.fromJson(json["standard"]),
        medium: UserMedium.fromJson(json["medium"]),
      );

  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
        "success": success,
        "user": user.toJson(),
        "user_plan": userPlan.toJson(),
        "standard": standard.toJson(),
        "medium": medium.toJson(),
      };
}

class UserMedium {
  UserMedium({
    required this.mediumId,
    required this.mediumName,
    required this.active,
  });

  String mediumId;
  String mediumName;
  String active;

  factory UserMedium.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => UserMedium(
        mediumId: json["medium_id"],
        mediumName: json["medium_name"],
        active: json["active"],
      );

  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
        "medium_id": mediumId,
        "medium_name": mediumName,
        "active": active,
      };
}

class UserStandard {
  UserStandard({
    required this.standardId,
    required this.standardName,
    required this.active,
  });

  String standardId;
  String standardName;
  String active;

  factory UserStandard.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => UserStandard(
        standardId: json["standard_id"],
        standardName: json["standard_name"],
        active: json["active"],
      );

  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
        "standard_id": standardId,
        "standard_name": standardName,
        "active": active,
      };
}

class LogedinUser {
  LogedinUser({
    required this.userId,
    required this.name,
    required this.mobile,
    required this.email,
    required this.standardId,
    required this.mediumId,
    required this.location,
    required this.avatar,
    required this.deviceId,
    required this.createdAt,
    required this.updatedAt,
  });

  String userId;
  String name;
  String mobile;
  String email;
  String standardId;
  String mediumId;
  String location;
  String avatar;
  String deviceId;
  DateTime createdAt;
  DateTime updatedAt;

  factory LogedinUser.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => LogedinUser(
        userId: json["user_id"],
        name: json["name"],
        mobile: json["mobile"],
        email: json["email"],
        standardId: json["standard_id"],
        mediumId: json["medium_id"],
        location: json["location"],
        avatar: json["avatar"],
        deviceId: json["device_id"],
        createdAt: DateTime.parse(json["created_at"]),
        updatedAt: DateTime.parse(json["updated_at"]),
      );

  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
        "user_id": userId,
        "name": name,
        "mobile": mobile,
        "email": email,
        "standard_id": standardId,
        "medium_id": mediumId,
        "location": location,
        "avatar": avatar,
        "device_id": deviceId,
        "created_at":
            "${createdAt.year.toString().padLeft(4, '0')}-${createdAt.month.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}-${createdAt.day.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}",
        "updated_at":
            "${updatedAt.year.toString().padLeft(4, '0')}-${updatedAt.month.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}-${updatedAt.day.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}",
      };
}

class UserPlan {
  UserPlan({
    required this.orderId,
    required this.planId,
    required this.planName,
    required this.accessLevel,
    required this.total,
    required this.validity,
    required this.validityType,
    required this.material,
    required this.video,
    required this.quiz,
    required this.validFrom,
    required this.validTo,
    required this.transactionDate,
    required this.active,
  });

  String orderId;
  String planId;
  String planName;
  String accessLevel;
  String total;
  String validity;
  String validityType;
  String material;
  String video;
  String quiz;
  DateTime validFrom;
  DateTime validTo;
  DateTime transactionDate;
  String active;

  factory UserPlan.fromJson(Map<String, dynamic> json) => UserPlan(
        orderId: json["order_id"],
        planId: json["plan_id"],
        planName: json["plan_name"],
        accessLevel: json["access_level"],
        total: json["total"],
        validity: json["validity"],
        validityType: json["validity_type"],
        material: json["material"],
        video: json["video"],
        quiz: json["quiz"],
        validFrom: DateTime.parse(json["valid_from"]),
        validTo: DateTime.parse(json["valid_to"]),
        transactionDate: DateTime.parse(json["transaction_date"]),
        active: json["active"],
      );

  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() => {
        "order_id": orderId,
        "plan_id": planId,
        "plan_name": planName,
        "access_level": accessLevel,
        "total": total,
        "validity": validity,
        "validity_type": validityType,
        "material": material,
        "video": video,
        "quiz": quiz,
        "valid_from":
            "${validFrom.year.toString().padLeft(4, '0')}-${validFrom.month.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}-${validFrom.day.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}",
        "valid_to":
            "${validTo.year.toString().padLeft(4, '0')}-${validTo.month.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}-${validTo.day.toString().padLeft(2, '0')}",
        "transaction_date": transactionDate.toIso8601String(),
        "active": active,
      };
}

The Function which I created as below, Here I got all data from Model class perfectly.
The Function is created in api_manager.dart file.
Future userLogin(
    context,
    String mobile,
    String standardId,
    String mediumId,
  ) async {
    final String loginUrl = "$baseUrl/user/login";

    var formData = FormData.fromMap({
      'mobile': mobile,
      'standard_id': standardId,
      'medium_id': mediumId,
    });
    var response = await dio.post(loginUrl, data: formData);
    final logedinUserData = loginModelFromJson(response.data);
    final LogedinUser userData = logedinUserData.user;
    final status = logedinUserData.success;
    //print(logedinUserData.user.name);
    if (response.statusCode == 200) {
      var res = response.data;
      print("Response:=> " + res);
      print(status);
    } else {
      print('Failed to login.');
    }
  }

And Here is my Drawer code which I placed in drawer.dart file.
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

class MyDrawer extends StatefulWidget {
  const MyDrawer({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  _MyDrawerState createState() => _MyDrawerState();
}

class _MyDrawerState extends State<MyDrawer> {
  final imageUrl = '';

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Drawer(
      child: Container(
        //color: Colors.deepPurple,
        child: ListView(
          padding: EdgeInsets.zero,
          children: [
            DrawerHeader(
              padding: EdgeInsets.zero,
              child: UserAccountsDrawerHeader(
                decoration: BoxDecoration(
                    gradient: LinearGradient(colors: [
                  const Color(0xFFee436e),
                  const Color(0xFFF37D71),
                ])),
                margin: EdgeInsets.zero,
                accountName: Text("Dhaval Chaudhari"),
                accountEmail: Text("dhaval@gmail.com"),
                currentAccountPicture: CircleAvatar(
                  backgroundImage: NetworkImage(imageUrl),
                ),
              ),
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

So here I have to display User Name and Email in drawer so how can I pass the data from function to drawer?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
AbstractIntroductionMaterials and MethodsResultsDiscussionConflicts of InterestAcknowledgmentsReferencesCopyright
Bingchun Li, Xinlong Li, Huancai Lin, Yan Zhou, "Curcumin as a Promising Antibacterial Agent: Effects on Metabolism and Biofilm Formation in S. mutans", BioMed Research International, vol. 2018, Article ID 4508709, 11 pages, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4508709
Curcumin as a Promising Antibacterial Agent: Effects on Metabolism and Biofilm Formation in S. mutans
Bingchun Li,1,2 Xinlong Li,1,2 Huancai Lin ,1,2 and Yan Zhou 1,2
1Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, 56 Ling Yuan Road West, Guangzhou 510055, China
2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
Academic Editor: Ronald E. Baynes
Received09 Nov 2017
Revised16 Jan 2018
Published28 Feb 2018
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) has been proved to be the main aetiological factor in dental caries. Curcumin, a natural product, has been shown to exhibit therapeutic antibacterial activity, suggesting that curcumin may be of clinical interest. The objective of this study is to evaluate the inhibitory effects of curcumin on metabolism and biofilm formation in S. mutans using a vitro biofilm model in an artificial oral environment. S. mutans biofilms were treated with varying concentrations of curcumin. The biofilm metabolism and biofilm biomass were assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and the crystal violet assay. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to analyse the composition and extracellular polysaccharide content of S. mutans biofilm after curcumin treatment. The biofilm structure was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. The gene expression of virulence-related factors was assessed by real-time PCR. The antibiofilm effect of curcumin was compared with that of chlorhexidine. The sessile minimum inhibitory concentration (SMIC50%) of curcumin against S. mutans biofilm was 500 μM. Curcumin reduced the biofilm metabolism from 5 min to 24 h. Curcumin inhibited the quantity of live bacteria and total bacteria in both the short term (5 min) and the long term. Moreover, curcumin decreased the production of extracellular polysaccharide in the short term. The expression of genes related to extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, adherence, and the two-component transduction system decreased after curcumin treatment. The chlorhexidine-treated group showed similar results. We speculate that curcumin has the capacity to be developed as an alternative agent with the potential to reduce the pathogenic traits of S. mutans biofilm.
Dental caries, one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide, is a biofilm-mediated, sugar-driven, multifactorial, dynamic disease [1]. Although the pathobiology of dental caries is complicated, it is widely recognized that the formation of dental plaque biofilm is one of the important causes of dental caries [2, 3]. Biofilm formation creates an anaerobic and acidic environment that results in the formation and development of caries [4]. Therefore, the eradication of dental biofilm is an effective method of controlling caries.
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) has been proved to be the main aetiological factor in dental caries [5, 6]. By adhering to solid surfaces, S. mutans can colonize the oral cavity and form a bacterial biofilm [7]. Dental biofilms are microbial aggregates encased in a self-produced extracellular polymer matrix. The phenotype of the bacteria involved in biofilm formation is quite different from the phenotype in the planktonic state [8]. The bacteria in a dental biofilm are far more resistant to unfavourable growth conditions, such as biocides and hydrodynamic shear forces [9, 10]. The extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) produced by S. mutans through glycosyltransferases (Gtfs) has been shown to form the matrix of the biofilm [11]. The EPS mediates the irreversible adherence between bacteria to form a high-cell-density biofilm [12], which increases the bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
Currently, many natural products have been considered as alternative or adjunctive anticaries therapies, particularly botanically derived molecules, which offer advantages over synthetic derivatives due to their natural evolution and diminished likelihood of resistance [13]. Curcumin, the major constituent of Curcuma longa L. or turmeric, has been confirmed as a potential therapeutic antibacterial agent [14]. Curcumin has been reported to inhibit various bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella paratyphi, Trichophyton gypseum, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis [14]. Recent publications have also reported that curcumin is active against a plethora of drug-resistant bacterial strains [14].
Studies have shown the effects of curcumin on oral bacteria associated with dental disease. Song et al. [15] found that curcumin could significantly inhibit the adhesiveness of S. mutans by its effects on collagen and fibronectin. Hu et al. [16, 17] reported that curcumin is an S. mutans sortaseA inhibitor and has promising anticaries characteristics based on an antiadhesion-mediated mechanism. Manoil et al. [18] found that blue light-activated curcumin can photoinactivate planktonic S. mutans, but the effect on S. mutans biofilm was poor. These studies proposed the potential use of curcumin as an antibacterial agent and underlined the need to explore the mechanism by which curcumin acts on oral bacteria.
Our research aims to explore the effects of curcumin on the biofilm formed by S. mutans and compares the results with the effects of chlorhexidine. The study contributes to the possibility of a natural medicine with fewer side effects and stronger antibacterial effects, thereby promoting the wider clinical application of curcumin.
2.1. Bacterial Strain and Growth Conditions
S. mutans strain UA159 (ATCC700610) was provided by the Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center. The S. mutans growth in brain-heart infusion (BHI, Difco, Detroit, MI, USA) broth medium was measured. For biofilm formation, an overnight culture of bacteria was adjusted to OD = 1.0 ( CFU/ml). The adjusted bacteria were inoculated into 96-well flat-bottom plates. The medium was 1% BHIS, that is, BHI with the addition of 1% (wt/vol) sucrose. The bacteria were grown at 37°C under anaerobic conditions (5% CO2, 10% H2, 85% N2).
2.2. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of curcumin against planktonic S. mutans was determined by microdilution methods following the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) procedure [19], with some modifications as described below. Curcumin from a 250 mM stock in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was diluted in BHI. The resulting solution was then serially diluted in sterile BHI broth in a 96-well round-bottom plate to obtain 2000, 1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 31.25 μM curcumin in BHI culture medium. The corresponded concentrations of DMSO were used as control. Each well contained 100 μl of serially diluted curcumin, to which 100 μl of an overnight culture of S. mutans was added before incubation at 37°C under anaerobic conditions (5% CO2, 10% H2, 85% N2) for 24 h. Three parallel samples were prepared at each concentration, and BHI without curcumin was used as a control. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration at which no visible bacteria grew in the broth.
The sessile minimum inhibitory concentration (SMIC) of curcumin against biofilm S. mutans was determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Overnight S. mutans UA159 cultures were adjusted with 1% BHIS to an initial optical density at 600 of 0.1 (approximately 107 CFU/ml), and equal volumes (200 μl) of diluted bacteria were added to 96-well plates and incubated for 24 h at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2. After 24 h, the planktonic bacteria were removed carefully, and the biofilms formed on the plates were washed with sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The stock solution of curcumin was diluted in BHIS broth to concentrations ranging from 15.625 μM to 1000 μM and added to the test wells. The corresponded concentrations of DMSO were used as control. After 24 h of incubation, the BHIS broth with curcumin was removed carefully, and the biofilms formed on the plates were washed again with sterile PBS. To quantify the biofilms, 200 μl of 0.5 mg/ml MTT was added to each well and incubated at 37°C in the dark in a humidified atmosphere for 3 h. Then, the supernatants were removed, and 100 μl of 100% DMSO was added to each well. For each well, the absorbance at 570 nm was recorded using a microplate reader. The percentage of biofilm viability was calculated as follows: (absorbance of treated group/absorbance of control group) × 100% [22].
2.3. Assays of the Viability and Biomass of S. mutans Biofilm
The biofilm viability and biomass were tested at 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min, and 24 h using the MTT assay and the crystal violet (CV) assay [20]. The SMIC50% concentration of curcumin was selected for the assay, and 0.12% (w/t) chlorhexidine was used in the experiment for comparison and the 0.12% (w/t) water was used as control. For the CV assay, the contents of the microplate were removed after incubation, and the wells were washed with PBS, fixed with 95% methanol, washed again, and stained with 0.1% (wt/vol) crystal violet solution for 15 min at room temperature. Subsequently, the microplates were vigorously tapped on napkins to remove any excess liquid and air-dried. The remaining CV was dissolved in 100 μl of 100% ethanol for 15 min at room temperature, and, finally, 75 μl from each sample was transferred to a new 96-well plate, and the extract was read at 600 nm in a spectrophotometer [20, 21].
2.4. Analysis of the Bacteria Composition and Extracellular Polysaccharide (EPS) of S. mutans Biofilm
2.4.1. Analysis of Live and Dead Bacteria by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM)
As described previously, a 24 h biofilm of S. mutans was formed on a 15 mm confocal dish at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2. The planktonic bacteria were removed and the biofilm was washed twice with sterile PBS. The biofilm was treated with 500 μM curcumin, 0.12% chlorhexidine, or 1% BHIS as a control for 5 min or 24 h. After treatment, the biofilm was stained with L-7012 LIVE/DEAD® BacLight™ Bacterial Viability Kits (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR, USA). The live/dead stain, stored at −20°C, was warmed to room temperature and centrifuged before use. The staining solution included two components, SYTO9 and propidium iodide, which were mixed in equal quantities and applied to the dish for 15 min. The excitation wavelengths for SYTO9 and propidium iodide are 488 and 543 nm. The biovolumes of live and dead cells were quantified from the entire stack using COMSTAT image-processing software. The biovolume is defined as the volume of the biomass (μm3) divided by the area of the substratum (confocal dish) (μm2) [22].
2.4.2. Analysis of EPS by CLSM
As described previously, a 24 h biofilm of S. mutans was grown in 15-mm confocal dishes, protected from light, with 1 μM Alexa Fluor 647® red fluorescent dye (Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, CA, USA) to label the EPS [23]. After incubation for 24 h at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2, treatments consisting of 500 μM curcumin, 0.12% chlorhexidine, and 1% BHIS as a control were added to separate dishes. Then, after incubation for 5 min or 24 h, the biofilms were gently washed with normal saline and incubated with 1 μM SYTO9 green fluorescent dye at room temperature for 15 min to label the live bacteria. The image collection gates were set to 655–690 nm for Alexa Fluor 647 and 495–515 nm for SYTO9. Images were obtained by CLSM and analysed using the image-processing software COMSTAT [24].
2.5. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
S. mutans 24 h biofilm was incubated in 1% BHIS medium with or without 500 μM curcumin or 0.12% chlorhexidine at 37°C for 5 min or 24 h. Next, the S. mutans biofilms were washed twice with PBS, fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde overnight at 4°C, and washed with PBS. After dehydration by an alcohol gradient (30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, and 100%), the biofilm was dried in a desiccator and sputter-coated with gold. Then, the sample were examined at 2000x, 5000x, and 10,000x magnification by SEM [23, 24].
2.6. Assay of Gene Expression by Real-Time PCR
Biofilms grown for 24 h were treated with drugs for 5 min or 24 h. The biofilms were harvested by centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 5 min, and the total RNA was isolated by ultrasonic crushing and using the RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA, USA). The total RNA concentration and purity were determined using a NanoDrop 2000 spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA, USA). The reverse transcription of the total RNA and quantitative real-time PCR were performed similarl to the procedures described in previous studies [23]. The primer sequences were based on the previous literature and are listed in Table 1 [17, 24–27]. The method was used to calculate the gene expression fold changes in S. mutans.
Gene Primer sequence (5′-3′)
Forward Reverse
gtfB ACACTTTCGGGTGGCTTG GCTTAGATGTCACTTCGGTTG
gtfC CCAAAATGGTATTATGGCTGTCG GAGTCTCTATCAAAGTAACGCAGT
gtfD TTGACGGTGTTCGTGTTGAT AAAGCGATAGGCGCAGTTTA
fruA TGTAGGTCTCGGTTTGTGGGAC TCTTGAGCCAATGCTTCTGGTG
gbpB AGCAACAGAAGCACAACCATCAG CCACCATTACCCCAGTAGTTTCC
Ftf CTGACATAACTACGCCAAAG TGCTTAAATTAATACCAGCTTC
luxS CCAGGGACATCTTTCCATGAGAT ACGGGATGATTGACTGTTCCC
comC GACTTTAAAGAAATTAAGACTG AAGCTTGTGTAAAACTTCTGT
comD CTCTGATTGACCATTCTTCTGG CATTCTGAGTTTATGCCCCTC
comE CCTGAAAAGGGCAATCACCAG GGGGCATAAACTCAGAATGTGTCG
VicR TGACACGATTACAGCCTTTGATG CGTCTAGTTCTGGTAACATTAAGTCCAATA
atpH ACCATACATTTCAGGCTG TTTTAGCACTTGGGATTG
scrA GATTGCCCTCAGCAGTTGACAT GCTGGGAAACTTTGATGGAGAC
scrB ACAGCCTGTCCTGATTTATAGTC CTGGTAACCCAATCCATGAGAC
srtA GAAGCTTCCTGTAATTGGCG TTCATCGTTCCAGCACCATA
spaP GACTTTGGTAATGGTTATGCATCAA TTTGTATCAGCCGGATCAAGTG
16sRNA CTTACCAGGTCTTGACATCCCG ACCCAACATCTCACGACACGAG
Nucleotide sequence of primers used for qRT-PCR.
Each experiment was independently repeated at least three times. GraphPad Prism version 5.04 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA) was used to assess the data. The differences between the experimental group and the untreated control group were statistically analysed using the SPSS 17.0 software. The data were assessed to determine whether they were normally distributed. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test were performed for multiple groups. The unpaired -test was used for two groups. The significance level of the value was <0.05.
3.1. Determination of the MIC of Curcumin against Planktonic and Biofilm S. mutans
The results showed that curcumin inhibited the growth of planktonic S. mutans with an MIC of 125 μM. After treatment with concentrations higher than 125 μM, no visible S. mutans growth was observed. The MTT assay showed that, after treatment with serial dilutions of curcumin, the biofilm viability decreased significantly, by 50%, at 500 μM. The DMSO has no effect on viability of biofilm (Figure 1(a)). The growth curve at concentrations of 500 μM and for the control showed similar trends. The bacteria in both cases reached the stationary phase at 12 h (Figure 1(b)). The variation in biofilm biomass between 500 μM and 0 was independent of the growth kinetics. Therefore, a concentration of 500 μM was defined as causing 50% inhibition (SMIC50%) and selected for the next study.
(a) Antibiofilm effects of different concentrations of curcumin and the correspondent concentrations of DMSO on S. mutans biofilm. The bacteria were inoculated in a 96-well microtiter plate containing 1% BHIS medium to form a 24 h biofilm, then washed with PBS, and incubated in 1% BHIS with different concentrations of curcumin (; ; ). After 24 h of incubation, the Colony-Forming Units (CFU) of lived bacteria in biofilm were evaluated by the MTT assay. (b) Effect of SMIC50 curcumin on the growth of S. mutans.
3.2. Inhibition of the Metabolism of Biofilm Formation by Curcumin
Both MTT and CV assays were conducted to evaluate the alteration in relevant biofilm characteristics of S. mutans under the influence of curcumin. In addition, 0.12% chlorhexidine treatment was used to provide a comparison group. The results of the MTT assay showed that curcumin decreased the biofilm metabolism at both 5 min and 24 h compared to that of untreated biofilm (, Figure 2(a)). Chlorhexidine treatment produced the same trend as curcumin, and the biofilm metabolism decreased significantly more than for curcumin (, Figure 2(a)). The CV assay showed that curcumin and chlorhexidine both resulted in reduced S. mutans biomass at 24 h. Chlorhexidine resulted in a significantly greater decrease than curcumin (, Figure 2(b)). As curcumin decreased the metabolism of the S. mutans biofilm in a short time (5 min), we next compared the short-term (5 min) and long-term (24 h) effects of curcumin on S. mutans biofilm.
Antibiofilm effect of different curcumin exposure times on S. mutans biofilm. A 24 h biofilm was incubated in curcumin at the SMIC50 for different times. The Colony-Forming Units (CFU) of lived bacteria in biofilm were evaluated by the MTT assay (a), and the percentage of biofilm biomass was evaluated by the crystal violet (CV) assay (b). The data represent the mean ± SD of three independent tests. The asterisks () indicate significant differences (, , ).
3.3. Evaluation of the Effect on the Live/Dead Bacteria Ratio in S. mutans Biofilm
The effects of curcumin and chlorhexidine on the live/dead bacteria ratio in S. mutans biofilm were assayed by CLSM (Figure 3). In the confocal micrographs, green florescence indicates lived cells, while red fluorescence indicates dead cells. The images reflect different green and red florescence intensities from those in the control group. Lower green-stained density than in the control group was observed in both treated groups at 5 min and 24 h (Figures 3(a) and 3(b)). At 5 min, the live bacteria in the curcumin group and chlorhexidine group were reduced, while the total bacteria in the curcumin group were reduced (Figure 3(c)). At 24 h, the live bacteria in the curcumin group were reduced, while the total bacteria were reduced in both groups (Figure 3(d)).
CLSM imaging of S. mutans biofilm grown in 1% BHIS. After 24 h of growth, the biofilm was treated with 1% BHIS (control), 500 μM curcumin, or 0.12% chlorhexidine for 5 min (a) and 24 h (b). Each micrograph represents 4 optical sections: green representing live bacteria, red representing dead bacteria, combined green and red from two channel images, and three-dimensional reconstructions of the control biofilm without any treatment, the 500 μM curcumin-treated biofilm, and the 0.12% chlorhexidine-treated biofilm. The total bacteria biomass and the Colony-Forming Units (CFU) of lived bacteria are quantified in (c) and (d). The data represent the mean ± SD. The asterisks () indicate significant differences (, , ).
3.4. Evaluation of the Effect on the EPS of S. mutans Biofilm
The three-dimensional reconstruction images obtained from CLSM of the S. mutans biofilm (Figures 4(a) and 4(c)) confirmed that the EPS decreased with both curcumin and chlorhexidine treatment after 5 min (), and this trend continued at 24 h. The thickness of the biofilm showed no difference among the three groups at 5 min but was visibly reduced at 24 h (Figures 4(b) and 4(d)). The SEM image confirmed the change in EPS (Figure 5). Treatment with curcumin or chlorhexidine was able to reduce the overall quantity of S. mutans EPS compared to the untreated control, as indicated by arrows. Furthermore, long-term treatment (24 h) resulted in a more obvious reduction than short-term treatment (5 min).
CLSM images of S. mutans biofilm. (a, b) Three-dimensional reconstructions of the untreated (control) biofilm, the 500 μM curcumin-treated biofilm, and the 0.12% chlorhexidine-treated biofilm at 5 min (a) and 24 h (b). EPS was labelled in red (Alexa Fluor 647), bacterial cells were labelled in green (SYTO9), and red and green superimposed appear as yellow. Images were obtained at 20x magnification. (c) Image representing the volume of EPS, calculated according to 5 random sites of each sample, repeated three times. (d) Change in biofilm thickness at 5 min and 24 h, respectively, calculated from data obtained from fluorescence CLSM. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. The asterisks () indicate significant differences (, ).
Morphological characteristics of S. mutans biofilm treated with or without drugs. Representative SEM images of 24 h S. mutans biofilm grown in curcumin for 5 min (b) and 24 h (e) and grown in chlorhexidine for 5 min (c) and 24 h (f). The image of 24 h S. mutans biofilm grown in 1% BHIS for 5 min (a) and 24 h (d) as a control. Magnifications of 2000x, 5000x, and 10,000x are shown for each condition. The black arrows highlight the EPS of S. mutans, which was markedly reduced.
3.5. Evaluation of the Effect on the mRNA Levels of S. mutans Biofilm Virulence Factors
Compared with the levels observed in S. mutans biofilms grown in 1% BHIS, the expression levels of gtfB, gtfC, and gtfD in S. mutans biofilms exposed to 500 μM curcumin for 5 min were significantly decreased by 0.57-, 0.59-, and 0.59-fold, respectively. At 24 h, the expression levels of gtfB, gtfC, and gtfD in S. mutans were also decreased, and there was no significant difference from the levels at 5 min. Meanwhile, the expression of gtfB, gtfC, and gtfD was also downregulated under the influence of 0.12% chlorhexidine for 5 min and 24 h; there was no significant difference between two time points (Figure 6(a)).
Results of qRT-PCR to examine the gene expression of different virulence systems in S. mutans UA159. (a) EPS synthesis system; (b) carbohydrate metabolism system; (c) quorum-sensing system; (d) two-component transduction system. All targets were amplified using primers. Different gene expression levels were normalized to the level of 16sRNA gene transcripts. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. The asterisks () indicate significant differences (, , ).
In Figure 6(b), we observed no significant difference in the expression of scrA at either 5 min or 24 h. However, the expression of atpH and scrB decreased in the presence of curcumin (). The expression of atpH decreased further over time. In contrast, the expression of scrB increased over time.
The entire set of virulence genes involved in quorum-sensing signalling mechanisms was found to be downregulated after treatment with curcumin. Treatment with curcumin for 5 min repressed the expression levels of luxS, comC, comD, and comE to 50.7%, 57.4%, 64.8%, and 54.1%, respectively, as compared to the control values. Likewise, chlorhexidine repressed the gene expression levels to 50.1%, 52.3%, 60.7%, and 52.3%, respectively. After treatment with the drugs for 24 h, only the expression of comDE showed a significant difference.
The expression levels of srtA and spaP in the biofilms treated with curcumin for 5 min were significantly downregulated by approximately onefold compared with the levels in untreated biofilm, and the same tendency was shown by chlorhexidine (Figure 6(d)). After 24 h of treatment with either drug, the expression levels of srtA and spaP showed no significant difference.
Dental caries, a common infectious disease worldwide, is caused by biofilm known as dental plaque that result from the adhesion of bacteria to tooth surfaces. The effective eradication of cariogenic biofilm and the pathogenic microorganisms within is the key way to prevent tooth decay [28]. S. mutans is the main aetiological microorganism involved in biofilm [29]. In this study, we used curcumin, a natural food-grade product, to control the formation of S. mutans biofilm.
Previous studies have shown that curcumin could inhibit the viability of S. mutans with an MIC value of 125–175 μM [17]. Similar MIC results were obtained in this study, but the SMIC values here were much higher than the MIC. As is well known, it is more difficult to inhibit the viability of S. mutans biofilm than planktonic bacteria because the planktonic bacteria are more susceptible to the effects of commonly used antimicrobial drugs than the bacteria embedded in a biofilm [30, 31].
Accordingly, we evaluated the effect of curcumin on S. mutans biofilm over time. At the SMIC50, curcumin was shown to exert both a short-term effect and a long-term effect on the viability of S. mutant biofilm, which was also true for 0.12% chlorhexidine. Previous studies showed the effect of chlorhexidine on S. mutant biofilm. Yang et al. [32] reported that S. mutans biofilm was susceptible to 0.12% chlorhexidine, with a biomass reduction of over 80% observed after treatment with 0.12% chlorhexidine for 1 h. Tamura et al. [33] found that 8 μg/ml chlorhexidine was effective in removing biofilm after 24 h. All of these results illustrate that chlorhexidine has antibiofilm effects, which was consistent with our results. The short-term effect of curcumin on S. mutans biofilm also suggested that curcumin has the potential to be a new antibiofilm drug because it exhibited similar effects to chlorhexidine.
S. mutans has a regulatory network to integrate its cellular response to environmental change [6]. This study found that, after treatment with curcumin, the amounts of viable bacteria and total bacteria were reduced, as confirmed by the results of CLSM. Because curcumin exhibited no effect on the growth kinetics of S. mutans, the reduced quantity of live bacteria indicated a direct effect of curcumin on S. mutans.
A biofilm is a highly dynamic and structured community of microbial cells that are enmeshed in an extracellular matrix of polymeric substances such as exopolysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids [34]. As reported previously, the production of EPS by S. mutans on a surface enhances the local accumulation and clustering of microbes. In addition, as the biofilm develops, the spatial heterogeneities resulting from EPS synthesis form a complex 3D matrix architecture and create environmental and protective niches within the biofilm that can directly modulate caries pathogenesis [34, 35]. Curcumin was shown to destroy the structure of EPS in the short term, decreasing the biomass of EPS, the quantity of total bacteria, and the percentage of lived bacteria. With prolonged curcumin exposure, the structure of the EPS was badly damaged, and the thickness of the biofilm and the number of total bacteria were decreased demonstrably. Khan et al. reported that the extract of Trachyspermum ammi seeds could modulate the expression of specific virulence genes by S. mutans, which disrupted the accumulation and structural organization of EPS, ultimately affecting the cariogenicity of S. mutans [36]. Xu et al. found that the tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate could inhibit the formation of S. mutans biofilm by suppressing the gtfs gene [37]. These studies serve as a reminder that the effects of natural products on the EPS of S. mutans biofilm are usually exerted by regulating cariogenic genes.
As previously reported, the regulatory systems in S. mutans, such as the EPS synthesis system, carbohydrate metabolism system, quorum-sensing system, and two-component transduction system, are connected to the ecological balance and to bacterial carcinogenesis [6, 38]. The results showed that curcumin decreased the expression of cariogenic genes in the plaque of S. mutans. Although the majority of the 24 h qPCR results were not statistically significant, the values between the control group and curcumin group were close to 0.05, and the decrease was pronounced. Thus, curcumin has an inhibitory effect on certain genes in S. mutans at 24 h.
Gtfs, encoded by the gtfBCD genes, are indispensable for the utilization of glucose and for EPS synthesis in S. mutans. They are important factors in biofilm formation and the development of caries [24]. GtfB synthesizes water-insoluble polysaccharide [39], which is the main component of the EPS. Downregulation of the expression of gtfB in curcumin might explain the decreased biomass of EPS in the short term. Oral bacterial aggregation is mediated by interactions between surface-associated glucan-binding proteins (GbpBs) that adhere to glucans, thereby promoting plaque formation [40]. The expression of gbpB was decreased in both treatment groups, which may relate to the reduced thickness of the biofilm. Fructosyltransferase (FTF) is an enzyme that converts sucrose to extracellular homopolymers of fructose, the fructans. FTF is the product of the fruA gene and is an exo-β-d-fructosidase that releases fructose from β(2.6)- and β(2.1)-linked fructans and cleaves fructose from sucrose and raffinose [41–43]. Both ftf and fruA expressions were dysregulated after short-term exposure to curcumin.
In S. mutans, the scrA gene in the phosphotransferase system (PTS) encodes a high-affinity permease, which internalizes sucrose. Then, intracellular sucrose-6-PO4 is first hydrolyzed by ScrB, a sucrose-6-PO4 hydrolase, to produce fructose and glucose-6-PO4. In addition, the downstream of scrA and scrB could encode a regulator to change the expression level of scrAB. Both scrAB genes were downregulated in our study, which might contribute to the reduction in the S. mutans biofilm. In the oral environment, S. mutans is subjected to rapid pH fluctuations arising from the availability of carbohydrates. The atpH gene in S. mutans encodes subunit C of a multisubunit enzyme (F1F0-ATPase) involved in intracellular pH regulation and acid tolerance [44, 45]. Gene expression analysis found that atpH was downregulated in S. mutans biofilm after treatment with curcumin for 5 min and 24 h. Thus, curcumin inhibits the acid tolerance ability of S. mutans and probably decreases the cariogenic traits of S. mutans.
The quorum-sensing system is an essential component of entire gene regulation networks responsible for the adaptation of bacteria in biofilms [46]. Two well-studied quorum-sensing systems exist in S. mutans: the ComCDE system, which can enable intraspecies cell-cell communication and has been proved to have a positive regulatory effect on the expression of biofilm-related genes such as gtfB, gtfC, and gbpB in S. mutans, and the LuxS system, which can catalyse the formation of the signal peptide AI-2 to mediate interspecies and intraspecies interaction in the multispecies plaque community [6, 47]. The findings of the current work suggest that curcumin can potentially contribute to reducing the quantity of lived bacteria in the biofilm and decrease the biomass of EPS, by decreasing the cariogenic potential of S. mutans biofilm, via inhibiting the expression of ComCDE system and LuxS system. The short-term inhibitory effect is more significant than the long-term effect. There is a decreasing tendency in the VicR expression of S. mutans after curcumin treatment, suggesting that curcumin may act by inhibiting the expression of VicR. The regulatory network of cariogenic genes in S. mutans is complex. It was reported that the ComR/ComS is the second quorum-sensing system in S. mutans [48]. The cell-to-cell communication system in S. mutans is not clear. Further research is required in this field.
S. mutans possesses a series of cell-surface proteins such as SpaP (also known as antigen I/II, Pac, P1 and antigen B), which are anchored to the cell envelope by sortase A (SrtA). Sortase A is encoded by the gene srtA and recognizes a motif consisting of leucine, proline, X, threonine, and glycine (LPXTG, where X is any amino acid) [33, 49]. Natural products attract substantial attention because they can inhibit srtA in vitro and in vivo but do not significantly decrease the viability of bacteria. The current study demonstrates that curcumin can inhibit the expression of spaP and srtA with an SMIC50 of 500 μM. The present study explored the effect of curcumin on S. mutans UA159. However, S. mutans has heterogeneity in different strains. Much more strains of S. mutans are needed to be test in future.
In conclusion, curcumin has both a short-term and a long-term antibacterial effect. Additionally, it is a food-grade natural product with a similar effect to that of chlorhexidine and it takes effect faster than 0.12% chlorhexidine. Curcumin could be an alternative strategy to treat oral disease. Curcumin is a promising antibacterial agent with potential for wider clinical application in the future.
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
This work was supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China (2014A020212621 and 2017A020215064).
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Changes to tenancy deposit protection came into force on 6th April - make sure you don't get caught out.
From 6th April, landlords and letting agents have 30 days from the receipt of a deposit in which to protect it. The re-wording and extension of this timeline also closes the loophole with regards to deposit protection deadlines that was highlighted by cases such as Universal Estates v Tiensia in 2010. Now, if a deposit is not protected within 30 days, the tenant can take their landlord or letting agent to court – there is no other way to interpret this legislation.
The requirement for providing the Prescribed Information to the tenant will also be changed to within 30 days of receipt of the deposit. It is the landlord or letting agent's responsibility to ensure it is issued at the correct time.
For further advice please call Knight Property Management on 01992 308181.
"Friendly and courteous... a first rate service"
"I have found dealing with Knight Property Management a very pleasant and educational experience. All my enquiries have been dealt with promptly and in an extremely friendly and courteous manner always giving sound advice. They are dedicated to providing a first rate service to their clients."


text:
Courant Community Hartford
Pedestrian Seriously Injured By Out-Of-Control-Scooter
CHRISTINE DEMPSEY
A pedestrian was critically injured after being hit by a motorized scooter that veered out of control Sunday, police said.
The accident happened about 12:50 p.m. in the area of 195 Ward St., police said. The rider of the scooter lost control, left the road and struck the pedestrian, who sustained a head injury, they said.
Both the pedestrian and the scooter rider were transported to area hospitals. The pedestrian was listed in critical condition, and the scooter rider was listed in stable condition, police said.
Neither person was identified.
Post Your Comment Below
Copyright © 2020, Courant Community
Pedestrian and Cyclist Accidents


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2012–13 in Kenyan football may refer to:
 2012 in Kenyan football
 2013 in Kenyan football

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
dating wood
social By: Zugore
Carbon dating old wood effect, AMS Lab Beta Analytic
This method is not widely used in archaeology, since most archaeological deposits are not associated with volcanic activity. AMS labs prefer to carbon date charcoal and wood because these materials do not need complex pretreatment. Fission track dating Some volcanic minerals and glasses, such as obsidian, contain uranium U. This process results in a "rain" of pollen that falls over many types of environments. However, for a precise date of the death of the tree a full sample to the edge is needed, which most trimmed timber will not provide. Evan Rachel Wood was previously married to Jamie Bell - During the first half of the twentieth century, the astronomer A.
Taking the necessary measures to maintain employees' safety, we continue to operate and accept samples for analysis. Pretreatment — It is important to understand the pretreatment applied to samples since they directly affect the final result. You are welcome to contact us to discuss the pretreatment or request that we contact you after the pretreatment and prior to dating. Charges for solvent extraction and cellulose extraction pretreatments are incurred even if radiocarbon analyses are cancelled due to the high cost to the laboratory in time and resources. Waterlogged Samples — You may send waterlogged wood samples for radiocarbon dating. As such, to be on the safe side, we recommend that you send double or triple the amount we recommend for dry samples e. Please consult the lab if you have insufficient amount of sample. When sending waterlogged samples, please place the wood into a Ziplock bag no additional water should be sent. Roll or squeeze the bag to remove as much excess air as possible, then seal and ship the bag to our lab for analysis. Collecting wood samples from materials that have been conserved can be complex. An example of such a material is timber from ships. Also make sure that the area does not show signs of being treated with shellac, oil, glue, and other preservatives or additives. Clean these drill bits before using. Use acetone to remove any machine oils and then air dry.
Getty Dating wood Beatty and Natalie Wood. Actress Natalie Wood was a beautiful woman, an award-winning actress, and by all accounts, a lively, spirited woman whom everyone enjoyed being around, according to the new HBO documentary called Natalie Wood: What Remains Behind.
Robert Wagner and the mystery of Natalie Wood's death Erin Moriarty of "48 Hours" reports on new developments in the case of the death of actress Natalie Wood, infor which her husband, Robert Wagner, has now been named a "person of interest. Try it dating wood In the documentary, Wood recounts how she had a crush on him at the age of 10 and told her mother that she wanted to marry him when she grew up.
On Ce inseamna cuvantul dating 28,her wish came true. But they separated just four years later and divorced in Wagner admits in the documentary that there was tension in the relationship because her career was link. InWood co-starred with heartthrob actor Warren Beatty more info Splendor in the Grassfor which she earned her first Oscar nomination.
Wagner admits that relationship made him crazy and he fled to Europe, read more is where he reconnected with actress Marion Marshall, whom he would go on to marry in I talked to [Wood] and said I was going to Europe and do you want to come there and she said no, I have other plans.
And I said OK and I hung up the phone and that was it. In fact, we were both so confused that we thought fighting and hostility meant real emotional honesty. After their split inWood struggled with some mental health issues.
Filming The Great Rae took its toll on her and she attempted suicide after filming wrapped, her daughter Natasha Gregson Wagner reveals in the documentary. It was really a cry for help. He credits that with saving his life. Wood and Gregson dated for two years and were married in May They welcomed daughter Natasha in and the documentary says that was the downfall of their marriage — Wood was so enamored with her daughter and with being a mother that Gregson started to feel like there was no room for him.
When she found out, she kicked him out. Their click here was finalized in Natalie Wood And Robert Wagner. Wood and Wagner reconnected just as they dating wood both coming off splits from their respective spouses and they remarried see more July They welcomed daughter Courtney in Because Gregson had left for his home country of England after his split from Natalie, Wagner adopted Natasha and she considers them both to be dating wood father.
I call him Daddy Gregson. In fact, Joshua says in the documentary that he lived with Wood and Wagner for a while and the marriage just seemed to fit. This seemed right. Wood and Wagner were married until her death in He would go on to marry his Hart to Hart co-star Jill St. John, to whom he is still married today.
John helped him with the loss dating wood Wood because she too had lost a spouse fairly young, and eventually, the children came to accept St. Gregson Wagner says she and St. ET on HBO. By Andrea Reiher. Updated May dating wood, at pm.
Natalie Wood's love life reads like a who's who of Hollywood in the s and s. Here's what we know.
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This first floor, purpose built flat is situated on a pleasant, pedestrianised street, within easy walking distance of good local amenities including: shops, schools, Doctors etc. and offers good public transport links into Newcastle.
The flat comprises of two bedrooms, a bathroom, a lounge and a kitchen. It has fitted carpets throughout and benefits from double glazing and electric heating. The lounge has a large picture window which makes for a bright and sunny room and is fitted with an attractive feature fire-place. The kitchen is fitted with a range of wall and floor units with tiled splash-backs, a small breakfast bar with seating and a free-standing electric cooker and under the counter fridge are also provided.
There are two bedrooms, both with fitted robes and a bathroom with electric shower and large storage cupboard which is plumbed for an automatic washer. The flat is let as a part-furnished abode and has a small garden area to the front of the property which has been gravelled over for easy maintenance.
The property is ready to move into and available immediately to non-smoking professionals who can provide references, pets are not permitted and a deposit of £400.00 is required. The monthly rent does not include any utility bills which will be the responsibility of the tenant.


Add that special touch to your next celebration with UPLIGHTING!
"So what about this uplighting? Well for those of you who aren't familiar, uplighting is a great way to create depth, interest, and drama for your event by literally painting your event space with light. You can turn an ordinary boxy event space into a truly unique and vibrant entertaining space. What does this mean for your photos....everything! The lighting creates an energy that just can not be edited in. It's either there or it is not! As you will see in the photos below, how much more fun does it look with all the pretty lights. It can also be one of the most cost effective ways to decorate your space! Just some food for thought!"


Pure Green is a locally owned lawn care company specializing in residential lawns. We know what Franklin, Tennessee lawns need.
Complete the form to the right and we'll be in touch with an estimate within one business day.
Pure Green uses the most natural lawn care products available. Our products of choice use natural micro-organisms that turn a small amount of fertilizer into the most effective and natural grass treatment available. Our fertilizer is plant based, 100% organic, and allows us to reduce the overall chemical footprint dramatically.


Lollipop goes after the operating system's janky app restoration process in a big way. Android 5.0 lets users transfer data from one device to another just by tapping the two together using Near Field Communication. But if you don't have a gadget with NFC or can't be bothered with that approach, the setup process also lets you pull down apps from devices that have been backed up to your account. You can even select specific apps to download, so you don't need to bring down all of the junk from your other device.
Information is sparse so far, but from what's available to us, it appears that Google may be working on new functionality to restore apps and "data" to a new device, based on the data accrued on another device.


If you have any questions, concerns, or cool ideas, please send them along! We are all ears and all love.
Want to help spread the word about fantastic vegan things? Give us an email and see how you can get involved!


General Tax Year: 2018 Directions: From Seneca & 55th St. South: Go W on 55th St to Vine; N on Vine to Campus; W on Campus to Glenn; N on Glenn to home.
Information obtained from KSSCKMLS is current as of 4/18/2019 8:14 AM. Information provided by seller/other sources, not verified by broker. All interested persons should independently verify accuracy of all information. Information deemed reliable but not guaranteed. Information provided is for consumers' personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing.


text:
inquire : Definition, Usages, News and More
in kwahyr
v inquire about
v have a wish or desire to know something
v conduct an inquiry or investigation of
inquire into the disappearance of the rich old lady
Usage(s)
Concerned by Sylvia's absence from church, the pastor dropped in to inquire about her, was told by the woman that the girl was being kept home because she stole things.
But because he refuses to collaborate in the making of his own legend ("Because I might get to believe it," he told an inquirer years ago), Salinger has been less able to control .
Prairie State Park photo guide
Visitors may call ahead to inquire as to whether a naturalist at Prairie State Park is available to provide an interpretive tour, or simply take along this photo guide.
June 14, 2013 - The Joplin Globe
MPCHS announces middle school girls' basketball camp, June 24-26
A basketball camp for girls in fourth to eighth grades is scheduled for June 24-26 at Mt. Pleasant Middle School. The camp will run from 9:30 a.m. to 12 p.m. Campers will receive a t-shirt, and should bring basketball shoes and a water bottle. There is a fee to attend the camp, and all campers must have medical insurance. For more information about the camp, or to inquire about special ...
June 14, 2013 - Mt. Pleasant News
US unemployment benefit applications fall to 334,000
AP Photo/Damian Dovarganes Job seekers Antoinette Zinnerman, 39, left, with her daughter, Kennesha, 19, middle, inquire for positions last week at the 12th annual Mission Career Fair in the skid row area of Los Angeles.
June 13, 2013 - The Post and Courier
Sir Alex Ferguson in SI.com
If they're going to do these things, they should inquire and take a discussion with managers and players before they come out with all this stuff and make an issue out of it,Ferguson said. "This should be discussed internally by clubs...
Massimo Moratti in ESPN
I think they (Manchester City) have made a great signing,said Moratti. "But they should not inquire about Balotelli for January because we are not selling him."
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text:
Neurigona micra är en tvåvingeart som beskrevs av Stefan Naglis 2003. Neurigona micra ingår i släktet Neurigona och familjen styltflugor.

Artens utbredningsområde är Costa Rica. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Styltflugor
micra


text:
Ben Gran
Des Moines freelance writer
Advice to a Future Freelance Writer
I haven't updated my website in a long time because I've been too busy doing paid freelance writing work for other sites! This is a very good problem to have, but it's still a problem. I'm going to try to do a better job of updating this site regularly just to show the world that I AM in fact, still in business as a freelance writer (7 years and going strong!), and also share some advice and ideas and general musings to give prospective clients a sense of what I'm like and how my thought process works and what it might be like to hire me as a freelance writer.
I recently got a question from a Facebook friend who mentioned that they have a 13-year-old child who is very interested in writing and wants to know what it's like to be a writer for a living.
Giving advice to young people is one of my great joys in life; if there's something that young up-and-coming writers can learn from my experiences, I'd be honored to share a few bits of wisdom.
If you're 13 years old, or any age, and are interested in becoming a writer, then here are some bits of advice:
Write All the Time
A writer is a person who writes. So do it! Start a blog. Keep a journal. Write every day, even if it's bad, even if you feel stuck, even if you never want to share what you write with anyone, just do it. Writing is a craft and a discipline; sometimes it's magical and elegant and you have a perfect feeling of creative "flow," but sometimes it's a miserable agonizing slog and your brain feels like trudging through molasses and every word feels like discordant notes of music. But you just have to keep going! Keep producing! The world doesn't need more constipated, tortured artistes; the world needs you to PRODUCE. If you feel like you might have something to say, then say it. Put it out there into the world and contribute your verse.
Photo Credit: Dan90266 CC BY-SA 2.0
Read All the Time
Being a writer is like being a jellyfish, or a big whale that feeds off of plankton through its baleen filter-feeder system. (This analogy sounds cumbersome, but bear with me!) You need to write, yes? But you also need to read ALL THE TIME to give you constant INPUT and INSPIRATION to write. You need to drift around the Internet like a jellyfish, or inhale massive quantities of ocean water like a whale, and PROCESS THAT INPUT into new ideas and insights and observations and written material. This is one of the many reasons why I love being a freelance writer – I get to float around the Internet all day like a happy jellyfish, sucking up inspiration wherever I find it. (See how that works? Not such a bad analogy, is it? This is why people pay me to write things for them.)
Writers should travel. Even if you can't travel because you're too young and you still live with your parents, watch Anthony Bourdain's Parts Unknown (it's on Netflix, last I checked) and other travel documentaries to learn more about other countries and other parts of the world. Read about other places. Read world history. Watch international movies. Learn a foreign language. Make friends with the foreign exchange students at your school – I made friends with Fabrice, the German exchange student, back when I was 15 years old, and we're still friends 22 years later. All of these experiences – especially if you start at a young age! – will give you valuable perspective and help you empathize with people from all cultures and all walks of life.
Talk With People
Never miss a chance to talk with people and learn from other people around you. Be open to ideas. Participate in conversations. Ask good questions. Have the mentality of a reporter – watch interviews and listen to podcasts and get a sense for what it means to ask open-ended questions and engage with people around you and help draw the stories out of people. Lots of people think that writers are all solitary souls who disdain talking to other people, but some of the best writers are comfortable striking up conversations. And even if you're an introvert, the most important thing is that willingness to learn from people and a curiosity about what makes people tick and how to get the best out of people. I spend most of my life working alone in an attic, but I care about people very deeply and I tend to believe the best about people. We all are enriched by each other's presence and we have so much to learn from each other.
Go to College – But Don't Worry About Going to the "Right" One
I graduated from Rice University in 2001 with a degree in History, and back then, I didn't know I was going to be a freelance writer in 2017. But looking back on it, everything in my life has led me to this point. I spent two years at Iowa State University and then transferred to Rice; I was undecided about my major until the 2nd semester of my junior year at Rice when I declared a major in History because I loved to read history books and my advisor gave me some great advice: "Major in the subject that you would most like to teach."
Lots of people who are smarter and richer than me are questioning the wisdom of traditional university education, and there may be something to that – it's true that college is more expensive than ever; the costs have more or less doubled since I was a college student. I don't know if college is worth it for everyone, but if you want to be a writer, college is still great preparation. Why? Because you learn how to think. You learn how to analyze information critically and synthesize sources of information and do the hard, unglamorous, disciplined work of sitting in the library for hours and hours while you cram your head with material and try to come up with something new to write about what you've just read.
But don't worry about going to the "right" college – don't get hung up on a name brand college degree. I really believe this: it doesn't matter where you go to college so much as whether you get that degree. There are lots of people with big-name college degrees who aren't very smart and who don't end up being very successful; there are lots of people who did 2 years at community college and then graduated from a state school who go on to do amazing things and have a great life. Don't think there's one "right" college for you that's going to make all the difference – you're better off just working hard wherever you are and publishing articles on your blog and building up a base of business as a writer that way. We have the Internet now! Traditional credentials are less important than they used to be. Your college connections can be helpful but college is not the end-all, be-all of everything – in fact, one of my freelance writing mentors, Carol Tice, doesn't have a college degree!
There's never been a better time to be a writer. I love what I do for a living, I get to work with smart, fun people all over the world, and I get paid to think and learn and create. What could be better?? If you're 13 years old (or any age) and interested in working as a writer someday, start now. Read. Write. Learn. Explore. It's an amazing journey and I'm happy for you that you're already on your way.
Do you have questions on how to become a freelance writer? Email me: benjamin.gran@gmail.com
Just What the World Needs – Another Blog!
Why You Should Start a Blog
Lessons from 9 Years as a Freelance Writer
How to write great corporate Case Studies
More advice for new Elance providers
This entry was tagged Ben Gran freelance writer, Education, Freelancing, Writing. Bookmark the permalink.
Contact Ben
benjamin.gran@gmail.com
What I Learned from a Month of International Travel With Family
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Why Hiring a Business Coach is TOTALLY Worth the Money


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Rhynchina leucogonia är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av George Francis Hampson 1912. Rhynchina leucogonia ingår i släktet Rhynchina och familjen nattflyn. Inga underarter finns listade.

Källor

Externa länkar

Nattflyn
leucogonia


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События

 Самора разорена мусульманами. После ожесточённого штурма мусульмане ворвались в Леон. Христиане во главе с графом Гонсало Гонсалесом были уничтожены, несмотря на мужественное сопротивление.
 Подчинение болгарами Далмации.
 Завоевание Сирии Фатимидами.

Русь
 Князь Владимир Святославович по просьбе византийского императора Василия II послал русскую дружину для подавления восстания мятежного полководца Варды Фоки, объявившего себя императором. Условием этого соглашения было заключение союза Византии с Русью и брак Владимира с сестрою императора — Анной. Князь Владимир Святославович захватил византийскую крепость Корсунь (Херсонес) в Крыму из-за невыполнение Византией условий договора с Русью.
 Крещение Руси князем Владимиром — по «Корсунской легенде» князь Владимир Святославович принял крещение в Херсонесе, по другим данным, мог креститься ещё в 987—988 годах в Киеве. При крещении получил имя — Василий. По преданию 1 августа князь Владимир Святославович начал Крещение Руси.
 Разрушение языческих капищ (святилищ).
 Владимир Святославич строил цепь городов по рекам Десна, Осётр, Трубеж, Сула и Стугна.
 Мстислав Владимирович Храбрый получил на княжение Тмутаракань.
 Начато строительство вдоль степной границы для защиты от частых набегов печенегов оборонительной линии — Змиевых валов.

Родились
 Тилопа — великий индийский тантрик, махасиддха, почитаемый как основатель линии Кагью тибетского буддизма.

См. также

Примечания


text:
Boss only wants committed players
David Scriven
Southend United boss Paul Sturrock has said he only wants players at the club who are committed.
Midfielder Ryan Hall is currently training away from the club after failing to secure a move away from Roots Hall.
And Sturrock said the decision to keep him away from the rest of the squad was his due to Hall's lack of commitment.
"What Ryan Hall has been saying isn't correct," Sturrock told the official website.
"I only want committed football players at this football club.
"Ryan has made it very clear to me that he isn't committed so that is why I don't want him to be here.
"He's made it very clear that he wishes to leave so do I really want players around the place that will go through the motions counting down the days until they can move?
"You could see Tuesday night that every player on that pitch was giving everything for Southend United and that is what I demand from my players.
"A committed Ryan Hall would be an asset but he's not that at the moment.
"If he was to comeback and with a different attitude then I would reconsider my position but I can't see that being the case at the moment.
"The same applies to Bilel Mohsni who has also stated that he doesn't wish to play for Southend United again."


text:
ND receives largest ever applicant pool
Rachel O'Grady | Thursday, August 20, 2015
Representing 112 countries and 6,340 different high schools, the Notre Dame class of 2019 applicant pool set the record for most applications ever received for one class.
"This incoming class continues the trend of being more global and diverse than any previous year," Don Bishop, associate vice president of undergraduate enrollment, said. "Thirty-two percent of the new class will be U.S. students of color or international citizens and over eight percent will be the first in their family to attend college. Notre Dame is arguably the most nationally representative university in the United States."
Susan Zhu | The Observer
Bishop said the approximately 2,015 freshmen arriving on campus are some of the most accomplished to ever come to Notre Dame. During their time in high school, 35 percent of the incoming class were heads of a student organization, while 45 percent were captains of a varsity sport and 50 percent were involved in fine arts, drama, music or dance.
"The admitted students surpassed the previous exceptional academic records with even higher levels of achievement in leadership and service. We are inspired and impressed with the students who aspire to join the Notre Dame family," Bishop said.
According to the admissions office, Notre Dame uses a holistic admission process that considers students for their exceptional academic and intellectual promise and creativity, as well as their leadership and entrepreneurial records and sense of service to others.
"This is another great class entering Notre Dame, selected from a record-breaking applicant pool," Bob Mundy, director of admissions, said. "As in the past they are academically gifted, ready to engage our faculty in all areas. What is also important to us is the character and spirit that they bring to campus.
"This class is full of students with many great gifts. I always like to remind them that Notre Dame is a place which will encourage them to develop and grow those gifts, but that the value of those gifts is not fully realized until they are shared with others — and they do that in so many ways."
"We are enrolling people who want to come to ND and develop a sense of purpose and have an impact during their life," Bishop said.
The Class of 2019 produced a yield rate of 56 percent, which measures how many students actually enrolled in the University after acceptance.
"All by itself, that is a very high number, and among the best in the nation, but it also up from 53% last year," Mundy said. "This reflects my staff's great attention to identifying students who are good 'fits' for Notre Dame."
"I chose Notre Dame after a revelation,"Kevin Dingens, an incoming freshman, said. The fact that Notre Dame touched me so deeply … is a testament to the extent of the University's reach into the facets of your life past graduation. The first class athletic, social, and overall academic Notre Dame experience lasts beyond graduation to form an alumni community that is as strong as the student body itself. I want to be a part of that community."
Tags: Admissions, Bob Mundy, Class of 2019, Don Bishop, Notre Dame admissions
About Rachel O'Grady
Rachel O'Grady is a senior Political Science major living in Ryan Hall. She most recently served as Assistant Managing Editor. Hailing from Chicago (actual Chicago, not the suburbs) she's been a Cubs fan since birth.
'I don't think it was ever a job': Outgoing director of admissions reflects on tenure after 9 years leading admissions
Outgoing director of admissions Bob Mundy marked his last day on the job Friday...
Notre Dame class of 2020 brings 'a unique balance'
Notre Dame admits 3,586 students to class of 2022
Gateway Program provides path from Holy Cross to Notre Dame


SAN FRANCISCO (CN) – A city ordinance regulating landlords' ability to force tenants to leave their apartments by buying them out does not violate the landlords' constitutional rights, a Ninth Circuit panel ruled Thursday.
"The City requires landlords to provide tenants with a form that describes tenants' rights with respect to buyout negotiations and agreements, and lists the contact information for tenants' rights organizations," U.S. Circuit Judge Carlos Bea wrote for the three-judge panel. "Both disclosures are 'purely factual,' and do not include any message whatsoever from the tenants' rights organizations listed on the disclosure form.
"Moreover, the required disclosure advances the City's purported substantial interest in increasing the fairness of buyout negotiations (by informing tenants of their rights) and reducing the likelihood that tenants will accept 'unfair' buyout agreements (by providing tenants with a list of organizations that can advance their rights)," Bea continued in the 20-page opinion.
San Francisco has one of the most expensive housing markets in the country, and the city limits how much landlords can raise rent for most buildings built before 1979.
But landlords in the city can buy out tenants and then rent the vacated apartments at higher prices, circumventing rent control regulations.
The San Francisco Apartment Association, a group of landlords, claims a city ordinance related to buyouts violates their constitutional rights.
The ordinance requires landlords who are considering buying out tenants' leases to approach them with a disclosure form to certify that they understand the plan.
It also prohibits landlords from converting buildings into condominiums for 10 years after they pay off tenants to leave two or more units – or just one unit, if the tenant was ill or had a disability.
The city passed the ordinance after findings that landlords often pressured tenants into signing buyout agreements, even threatening them with evictions if they refused to do so.
The court battles over the ordinance have dragged on for nearly three years.
The association's 2015 federal lawsuit said the disclosure process gives tenants unfair veto power because tenants can later sue landlords if they refuse to sign the disclosure forms.
According to the landlords, the ordinance burdens them in a way that affects their property rights, and penalizes them for complying with the law.
"Nothing in the ordinance either forbids particular speech or speech activities, thereby imposing a true restraint on future speech, or conditions speech or speech activities upon the unbridled discretion of government officials," Hamilton wrote.
"Whatever particular relationship a tenant may have with his/her landlord, it cannot transform a conversation between a landlord and a tenant concerning a possible buyout into something other than a discussion proposing a commercial transaction," she said.
The landlords appealed to the Ninth Circuit, and during oral arguments, San Francisco's deputy city attorney said the limitations on which buildings can become condos protects vulnerable tenants and keeps housing affordable.
The landlords' attorney said the buyout negotiations are protected speech, and the part of the law requiring landlords to get a tenant's signature before negotiating violates their free speech rights.
The circuit panel upheld the lower court's ruling on Thursday, agreeing with the District Court that the ordinance does not violate the landlords' constitutional rights.
The landlords also argued that the publicly searchable database of buyout agreements violated their privacy rights. The panel rejected this argument because information that is already publicly available is not protected by the state constitution.
Further, the landlords "offer no explanation why the terms or consideration for a buyout agreement is more sensitive or private than other financial information routinely submitted to the government and made publicly available," Bea wrote.
The Coalition for Better Housing, Small Property Owners of San Francisco Institute, San Francisco Association of Realtors, and property owner Norman T. Larson also joined the lawsuit.
Bea was joined on the panel by Circuit Judge Richard Tallman and visiting Sixth Circuit Judge Eugene Siler, Jr.