text:
Comparison of the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in a pediatric amblyopic population: A prospective study
Sunali Goyal, Paul H. Phillips, Mallikarjuna Rettiganti, Jeffrey M. Gossett, R. Scott Lowery
Purpose: To study the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in pediatric patients with amblyopia. Methods: This was a prospective comparative clinical study. Participants 4 to 17 years old were recruited from the patient population at the Arkansas Children's Hospital eye clinic after informed consent was obtained. Autorefractor measurements were used to obtain values of refractive error in amblyopic and non-amblyopic patients before and after cycloplegia. The groups were subdivided into myopia and hyperopia and with and without underlying amblyopia. The refractive error was expressed as sphere, cylinder, axis of astigmatism, and spherical equivalent. The treatment effect was summarized as the mean difference (95% confidence interval) for each outcome. Results: No statistically significant difference was found on the axis and power of astigmatism before and after cycloplegia in the patients with amblyopia (P = .28 and .99, respectively). Conclusions: Non-cycloplegic autorefraction measurements may be considered safe for refining astigmatism power and axis in pediatric patients with amblyopia.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20180410-02
10.3928/01913913-20180410-02
Dive into the research topics of 'Comparison of the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in a pediatric amblyopic population: A prospective study'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Astigmatism Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Amblyopia Medicine & Life Sciences 84%
Prospective Studies Medicine & Life Sciences 53%
Refractive Errors Medicine & Life Sciences 39%
Hyperopia Medicine & Life Sciences 22%
Myopia Medicine & Life Sciences 18%
Goyal, S., Phillips, P. H., Rettiganti, M., Gossett, J. M., & Scott Lowery, R. (2018). Comparison of the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in a pediatric amblyopic population: A prospective study. Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 55(5), 293-298. https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20180410-02
Comparison of the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in a pediatric amblyopic population : A prospective study. / Goyal, Sunali; Phillips, Paul H.; Rettiganti, Mallikarjuna; Gossett, Jeffrey M.; Scott Lowery, R.
In: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Vol. 55, No. 5, 01.09.2018, p. 293-298.
Goyal, S, Phillips, PH, Rettiganti, M, Gossett, JM & Scott Lowery, R 2018, 'Comparison of the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in a pediatric amblyopic population: A prospective study', Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 293-298. https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20180410-02
Goyal S, Phillips PH, Rettiganti M, Gossett JM, Scott Lowery R. Comparison of the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in a pediatric amblyopic population: A prospective study. Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 2018 Sep 1;55(5):293-298. https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20180410-02
Goyal, Sunali ; Phillips, Paul H. ; Rettiganti, Mallikarjuna ; Gossett, Jeffrey M. ; Scott Lowery, R. / Comparison of the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in a pediatric amblyopic population : A prospective study. In: Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 2018 ; Vol. 55, No. 5. pp. 293-298.
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title = "Comparison of the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in a pediatric amblyopic population: A prospective study",
abstract = "Purpose: To study the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in pediatric patients with amblyopia. Methods: This was a prospective comparative clinical study. Participants 4 to 17 years old were recruited from the patient population at the Arkansas Children's Hospital eye clinic after informed consent was obtained. Autorefractor measurements were used to obtain values of refractive error in amblyopic and non-amblyopic patients before and after cycloplegia. The groups were subdivided into myopia and hyperopia and with and without underlying amblyopia. The refractive error was expressed as sphere, cylinder, axis of astigmatism, and spherical equivalent. The treatment effect was summarized as the mean difference (95% confidence interval) for each outcome. Results: No statistically significant difference was found on the axis and power of astigmatism before and after cycloplegia in the patients with amblyopia (P = .28 and .99, respectively). Conclusions: Non-cycloplegic autorefraction measurements may be considered safe for refining astigmatism power and axis in pediatric patients with amblyopia.",
author = "Sunali Goyal and Phillips, {Paul H.} and Mallikarjuna Rettiganti and Gossett, {Jeffrey M.} and {Scott Lowery}, R.",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Slack Incorporated. All rights reserved.",
doi = "10.3928/01913913-20180410-02",
journal = "Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus",
publisher = "Slack Incorporated",
T1 - Comparison of the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in a pediatric amblyopic population
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AU - Goyal, Sunali
AU - Phillips, Paul H.
AU - Rettiganti, Mallikarjuna
AU - Gossett, Jeffrey M.
AU - Scott Lowery, R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Slack Incorporated. All rights reserved.
N2 - Purpose: To study the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in pediatric patients with amblyopia. Methods: This was a prospective comparative clinical study. Participants 4 to 17 years old were recruited from the patient population at the Arkansas Children's Hospital eye clinic after informed consent was obtained. Autorefractor measurements were used to obtain values of refractive error in amblyopic and non-amblyopic patients before and after cycloplegia. The groups were subdivided into myopia and hyperopia and with and without underlying amblyopia. The refractive error was expressed as sphere, cylinder, axis of astigmatism, and spherical equivalent. The treatment effect was summarized as the mean difference (95% confidence interval) for each outcome. Results: No statistically significant difference was found on the axis and power of astigmatism before and after cycloplegia in the patients with amblyopia (P = .28 and .99, respectively). Conclusions: Non-cycloplegic autorefraction measurements may be considered safe for refining astigmatism power and axis in pediatric patients with amblyopia.
AB - Purpose: To study the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in pediatric patients with amblyopia. Methods: This was a prospective comparative clinical study. Participants 4 to 17 years old were recruited from the patient population at the Arkansas Children's Hospital eye clinic after informed consent was obtained. Autorefractor measurements were used to obtain values of refractive error in amblyopic and non-amblyopic patients before and after cycloplegia. The groups were subdivided into myopia and hyperopia and with and without underlying amblyopia. The refractive error was expressed as sphere, cylinder, axis of astigmatism, and spherical equivalent. The treatment effect was summarized as the mean difference (95% confidence interval) for each outcome. Results: No statistically significant difference was found on the axis and power of astigmatism before and after cycloplegia in the patients with amblyopia (P = .28 and .99, respectively). Conclusions: Non-cycloplegic autorefraction measurements may be considered safe for refining astigmatism power and axis in pediatric patients with amblyopia.
U2 - 10.3928/01913913-20180410-02
DO - 10.3928/01913913-20180410-02
JO - Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
JF - Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus


- A Kickstarter for a dual solar phone charger + lantern in the spirit of previous LuminAID ultra-compact gear is fully funded in under 8 hours. The PackLite Max 2-in-1 Phone Charger is born.
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The Jabiru J160-C aircraft has been developed as a new trainer aircraft that is bigger all round. It has a wider cockpit higher cabin and more leg room. Jabiru has an Australian Type Certificate in the primary category for the J160 as well as a production certificate.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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'The Best Men Can Be': Gillette's new advertisement has something to say about toxic masculinity
15th Jan 19 | Beauty
And it's causing a stir on social media.
In the wake of the #MeToo and Time's Up movements, our collective consciousness is arguably shifting. Gender stereotypes are being placed under a microscope, and we're increasingly thinking about the impact toxic masculinity has on both men and women.
It seems very timely, then, that Gillette would reinvent its classic tagline: The Best A Man Can Get – which was launched 30 years ago.
The brand writes: "Turn on the news today and it's easy to believe that men are not at their best. Many find themselves at a crossroads, caught between the past and a new era of masculinity."
#TheBestMenCanBe is always evolving, but shaping the men of tomorrow starts with actions we take today. Join us at https://t.co/giHuGDEvlT. pic.twitter.com/jHb1fRX5Yr
— Gillette (@Gillette) January 14, 2019
Gillette appears to believe brands have a responsibility to do better, and says: "From today on, we pledge to actively challenge the stereotypes and expectations of what it means to be a man everywhere you see Gillette." The result? This advert…
"Boys will be boys"? Isn't it time we stopped excusing bad behavior? Re-think and take action by joining us at https://t.co/giHuGDEvlT. #TheBestMenCanBe pic.twitter.com/hhBL1XjFVo
The ad challenges certain stereotypes of masculinity – like "boys will be boys" and men catcalling women on the street – and turns them on their head, showing how damaging and unacceptable they can be. The new tagline has been altered to: The Best Men Can Be.
Gillette is also pledging to donate $1 million (£780,000) per year for the next three years to US non-profit organisations "designed to inspire, educate and help men of all ages achieve their personal 'best' and become role models for the next generation."
The advert is a powerful one, and the fact Gillette is making an effort to tackle the structures of masculinity, has resonated with many.
.@Gillette's new campaign thoughtfully and critically examines what "The Best a Man Can Get," the brand's iconic tagline, means today. A must watch. https://t.co/5WKmfferhl
— Arianna Huffington (@ariannahuff) January 15, 2019
Unexpectedly powerful and moving video from @Gillette on toxic masculinity. Well done.https://t.co/x7u3Wk19fa
— Charlotte Clymer (@cmclymer) January 15, 2019
No more "boys will be boys"; let's hold boys and men accountable to help create a world that's safe and just for everyone. Thanks for this, @Gillette. #TheBestMenCanBe https://t.co/DA68EXcLfh
— Joyful Heart (@TheJHF) January 14, 2019
However, not all of the reaction has been positive. For some, the advertisement rings a little hollow.
While the message itself might be designed to be powerful, some see it more as a way for a big conglomerate to cash in on a hot button topic.
Look @gillette, I know your heart is in the right place.
But there's a line.
And that line is where my razor blades start issuing me moral instruction.https://t.co/W5QbNIIKSS
— John Noonan (@noonanjo) January 14, 2019
lmao woke razor blades is the future we deserve https://t.co/diAPiIvnsA
— Sonny Bunch (@SonnyBunch) January 14, 2019
The advert has stirred up quite a lot of controversy on social media, with some saying it's sexist against men and claiming there's no such thing as 'toxic masculinity'.
At the time of writing, the YouTube video had been watched nearly 2.5 million times, garnering 25k 'likes' and 222k 'dislikes', along with calls to boycott the brand.
Lol when the comments under this show how big the problem is.
— Ashley Faith濾 (@ashleyfaithYT) January 15, 2019
Ultimately, there are those who don't really mind if it's a shrewd marketing move or an effort to promote social justice – regardless of motive, it's raising a timely message.
Once again, I'm very much okay with this shift in cultural standards.
"Be a good human" is getting ever-more commercially viable. I'm down with a future where it's cool to be protective and proactive at making the world better. https://t.co/iYsGxBQ9QF
— Mika McKinnon (@mikamckinnon) January 14, 2019
Exploitative? Maybe. Brave and timely? Absolutely. Also, I cried. Well done, @Gillette. #foroursons https://t.co/4hYNcgsxoX
— Emily Andras (@emtothea) January 15, 2019
At the very least, there's no doubt it's got people talking and examining their attitudes towards masculinity – and surely that can only be a good thing.
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Why you should follow the 60 second rule when washing your face, according to an expert
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text:
Fatima Cody Stanford, MD, MPH, MPA, MBA
Obesity Medicine Physician for Adults, Adolescents, and Children, Mass General Weight Center
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School
Affiliated Faculty, MGH Mongan Institute of Health Policy and Associate, MGH Disparities Solution Center
Posts by Fatima Cody Stanford, MD, MPH, MPA, MBA
Review: Weight Regulation in Menopause
Fatima Cody Stanford, MD, MPH, MPA, MBA, an obesity medicine physician-scientist at the Massachusetts General Hospital Weight Center, and colleagues report that 70% of U.S. women of perimenopausal age have overweight or obesity. In an invited review, they suggest a comprehensive approach to assessment and treatment.
Group-based Intervention Effective for Weight Loss Improves Quality of Life
Abeer Bader, MSc, RD, LDN, CSOWM, Fatima Cody Stanford, MD, MPH, MPA, of the Mass General Weight Center, and colleagues found that a group program only 12 weeks long helped patients lose weight and resulted in improved overall quality of life.
Journal April 23, 2021
Taking Stock of Diversity and Inclusion in the Health Care Workforce
Fatima Cody Stanford, MD, MPH, MPA, gives examples of nascent efforts toward improving diversity and inclusion in the health care workforce and proposes strategies to achieve genuine success.
Editorial: Disparities in COVID-19 Outcomes by Body Weight and Race/Ethnicity
Fatima Cody Stanford, MD, MPH, MPA, and colleagues discuss several biological, socioeconomic and behavioral factors that may underlie the disparate COVID-19 outcomes for people with obesity and minority ethnic groups.
Digestive Health, Endocrinology
Addressing Disparities in Geographic Distribution of U.S. Obesity Medicine Physicians
The number of physicians certified by the American Board of Obesity Medicine does not necessarily match the burden of obesity in each U.S. state.
Pharmacotherapy as Adjunct Treatment After Bariatric Surgery
Massachusetts General Hospital clinicians use weight-loss medications after bariatric surgery to help patients lose weight and control weight regain.
A Step-by-Step Guide to Prescribing Weight Loss Medications After Bariatric Surgery
Fatima Cody Stanford, MD, MPH, MPA, an obesity medicine physician scientist for adults, adolescents and children at Massachusetts General Hospital in the Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, provides a step-by-step approach to introducing weight loss medications when necessary after bariatric surgery.
Journal June 3, 2019
Medication Confers Additional Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery in Young Adults
Three medications often prescribed by obesity medicine physicians are effective for young adults who have inadequate weight loss or regain weight after bariatric surgery.
Journal March 27, 2019
Fatima Cody Stanford, MD, MPH, MPA, FAAP, FACP, FTOS is an obesity medicine physician scientist at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)/ Harvard Medical School (HMS). Dr. Stanford received her BS and MPH from Emory University as a MLK Scholar, her MD from the Medical College of Georgia School of Medicine as a Stoney Scholar, and her MPA from the Harvard Kennedy School of Government as a Zuckerman Fellow in the Harvard Center for Public Leadership. She completed her Obesity Medicine & Nutrition Fellowship at MGH/HMS after completing her internal medicine and pediatrics residency at the University of South Carolina. She has served as a health communications fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and as a behavioral sciences intern at the American Cancer Society. Upon completion of her MPH, she received the Gold Congressional Award, the highest honor that Congress bestows upon America's youth. Dr. Stanford has completed a medicine and media internship at the Discovery Channel. An American Medical Association (AMA) Foundation Leadership Award recipient in 2005, an AMA Paul Ambrose Award for national leadership among resident physicians in 2009, she was selected for the AMA Inspirational Physician Award in 2015. The American College of Physicians (ACP) selected her as the 2013 recipient of the Joseph E. Johnson Leadership Award and the Massachusetts ACP selected her for the Young Leadership Award in 2015. She is the 2017 recipient of the Harvard Medical School Amos Diversity Award and Massachusetts Medical Society Award for Women's Health. Read Dr. Stanford's article "Obesity and Overall Health: How to Help Your Child."
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text:
Supermusic Culture
Andy Arthurs
Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane
How committed are we to the music that we listen to? Our musical tastes shape our identity (and in turn are shaped by it), being partly formed from our "lived experience" (Nattiez 1990), springing from our cultural environment and specific incidents. How then do we make sense of music that is streamed to us in no other way than is determined by a computer programmed radio playlist, or by the shuffle mode of an iPod?
Do we now consume music in the same way we buy and eat processed foods from a supermarket? That is to say, we often consume music that we have no idea where it came from, why it was made, or when it was produced– music created by people of which we have no knowledge, or where and when they lived. Does it matter? Is it not enough that is "sounds nice"?
This phenomenon could be called Supermusic Culture, having many parallels with supermarket foods. Music and food have many similarities and modern living has affected them both in terms of their origins and connections to their formation. The supermarket contains products – many delicious and seductive to taste, but whose ingredients are unknown to most who consume them. We grow less food ourselves than we used to, we physically play less music than we used to – the pendulum has , on the face of it, swung to consumption rather than active performance.
We constantly apply value judgements to our musical taste to determine good from bad, but John Carey, discussing his book What Good Are The Arts?, concluded that an appreciation of the arts does not make you a better person . He cites Pierre Bourdieu in Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste(1979) as saying that our choice of art determines how people see us, and how we see other people. This is similar to the issues that Christopher Small discusses in his book Musicking, who says that when we make or attend an artistic event, we are saying "This is who we are".
The Supermusic process started with Tom and Mary, when Thomas Edison first commodified Mary had a Little Lamb by making the first sound recording in 1877. Paul Théberge(2000) states that the line for a musician between musical performance and musical consumption is now substantially blurred, pointing out that much of the music we hear today ironically involves the consumption of technology in the making of it (samplers, preset sounds and programs). Technology has given rise to the ability to substantially increase our musical sound palettes, by using it to create an ever-expanding range of tone colours and textures. Today, the sound of music is the dominant aural distinction between pieces which are often very similar in harmonic and rhythmic content. Thanks to the available technologies, and the explosion of digital sound technologies, we are now hooked on sound - a familiar recording can be spotted within seconds by identifying its sound.
From a producer's point of view, these opportunities are mostly liberating but occasionally daunting. One can get stuck in an endless tweaking of a sound in a quest to "hit the spot". And there is a temptation to do new things just because you can – a curse of postmodernism. As a producer of music (composer, singer-songwriter, studio producer, or DJ etc), it can be entirely clear what one's intentions are and the motivation to create – certainly we need our own aesthetic guidelines in order not to put together just anything with anything merely for the sake of it. But sometimes the serendipitous collision of the sounds of one piece with another can be the impetus for the creation of a whole new song or work.
Why not so therefore for a listener? Perhaps, in fact, the untrained musician can more nimbly, and with less "baggage", tolerate such things. This may be because listeners or audiences have grown to accept music as it enters their ears from the radio programme or the dance floor, without necessarily knowing anything of the intent of the producer or artist. This has the liberating effect of enabling listeners to layer their own meaning onto what sound they hear. That meaning may be extra-musical or it may be contained intrinsically within the hearing of the piece – probably both. A piece will fail to cause enjoyment for any of us if, although we have extra-musical connections to it, we just do not enjoy hearing the actual sound of it – leaving us with noble sentiments badly expressed. Is it the same for a pleasant sounding piece that we know nothing about and to which we have no extra-musical connection? I would suggest not, for reasons I will explain below.
Even as recently as the early 1970s there were a only handful of well-equipped recording studios in the world and the independent studios, such as AIR, were just emerging. Come the digital revolution of the late 80s it became increasingly possible for previously prohibitively expensive recording technologies to be available to anyone with a moderate income – lawyers and doctors were amongst the first to afford it, but now, almost anyone who owns a computer has some access to a multitrack recoding facility. So until relatively recently, few of the recording and production processes were ever known to the buyer of most musical products. This meant that for the best part of half a century most consumers had accepted the sounds they heard coming from the speakers of radios, televisions, record players and hi-fi sets without knowing many of the processes that had gone into making them. It may then, have seemed a random scattering of musical information that promoted little educated musical understanding. Of course there are topical ways to organise this torrent of musical choices such as 60s pop, ambient, chart hits or even the iPod shuffle. This is supermusic culture,– we graze, we like, we listen – and mostly we move on. Perhaps occasionally we add something to our portfolio of musical tastes. As I sit hear completing this paper, my daughter is playing a random selection of songs from her iTunes library – not entirely random, given that she chose what to download in the first place, but the actual sequence of songs is unknown in advance.
On the face if it this paints a bleak picture of a population that has moved from active music-making to consuming it like a processed food, where few have any idea of its ingredients or nutritional value - and certainly not the production process - but nevertheless like the taste. I cannot accept that, as humans, we can have become so vacuous in such a short time and am convinced that we now glean meaning in different ways. If not, it would be very hard to justify the central role that music still plays in our lives, from toddlers to old folk. For instance Christenson, P.G. and Roberts, D.F. (1998) state "Music is prominent in adolescent lives: teenagers spend between 4 and 5 hours a day listening to music and watching music videos and name music listening as their preferred non-school activity."
So although our patterns of engaging with music may have been altered radically, we nevertheless still need to laugh, cry, empathise – in fact generally interact with each other or within ourselves. We may leave the radio on in the background, connect to the net, plug in to our MP3 players or play computer games,. We do these these, but we are not these; we are still human. Or is this the digital immigrant speaking? Can it be understood entirely within a digital aesthetic, as Holtzman (1995) suggests in his book Digital Mantras. I would suggest that whilst the mediation and dissemination methods have impacted upon our aesthetic views of the music, the meaning comes from usage of the music we listen to. Dillon (2001) states "It is clear that music has deep meaning for people and is linked with personal, social and group identity".
Music is a mediascape to our lives and the Supermusic Culture exists within this. Kroker and Cook (1986) describe the mediascape as –"the electronic background of daily life that shapes, informs, and alters the relationship between people with matters of interaction and work: as the city, for example, provides a different background on which daily activities are carried out from the rural or small town setting." We often jump from one stylistic moment to another; a look at most people's CD collections underlines the "portfolio" way most of us now lead our musical lives. Today we are immersed in diverse musical and sonic experiences, as we walk in and out of stores and shopping malls, wear personal stereos, tune in to our car radio, listen to surround sound hi-fis and download ringtones.
The Supermusic Culture is a culture of browsing, but not because we are not listening, but because we are using this mediascape as a springboard for our personal and social activities. It is one important way that we connect to the world; yet, on the other hand, we use it to set us apart from the world, to define our similarities and differences - both important in establishing our identity. Simon Frith (1998) stated "Identity is necessarily a matter of ritual: it describes one's place in a dramatised pattern of relationships – one can never really express oneself "autonomously". Self identity is cultural identity."
My classical music education assumed a culture, like the fish assumes it swims in water, ignoring or being oblivious to any identity issues. It was not until I was 40 years old, that my sister Jane Arthurs, a cultural theorist, persuaded me of this argument. But there are still many music graduates who emerge from the conservatoires and universities having learnt analysis in the way I did. And yet most of these graduates,paradoxically believe in a music theory that is different to their actual every day musical lived experience. The Western Classical analysis substantially removes the "I" from the equation in a quasi scientific/mathematical way, disregarding, I would suggest, what really drives most of us to love music.
There are different ways to engage. The arts, as John Carey stated (above), are not good for us, that is not their function. But when something fits our conceptual patterns we consider that is good. We each connect to the music that matters to us. It helps define our identity – what makes us the same and what makes us different. We use it to define ourselves, to bond with our friends, to make bridges to strangers, to define difference with our enemies. To identify with the tribe can be a good thing, or a destructive thing. Wars can be built on this – but so can love.
So it probably does not matter whether we know the ingredients of a piece of music or not. As an adult, it is easy to fall into the trap of feeling that the music my children listen to is patronising, shallow, fake, and cynically produced. But who am I to judge their music? By and large, they know if they smell a fake - they discard it. I have watched my 14 yr old daughter make such judgements. As a producer of this music it important to believe in the music you and your fellow musicians make. If you make music cynically, parodying, second-guessing the audience from a position of relative ignorance you are highly liable to come unstuck. School music is a big offender here – teachers who believe too much that they understand the musical tastes of their pupils, but in fact miss the mark because their lived experiences are so different to those that they teach. The way to achieve successful outcomes for both music teachers and recording producers is to engage with and respond to those who know their culture the best, ie those who live it.
This is a problem in an educational setting where there is the gamut of musical identities within a classroom. One solution I have been trying at my university is to create a quasi-theatrical event that allows each performer to create their own performance micro-climate. Together with director Mark Bromilow and video creator, Jen Muller, we have developed a kind of MTV approach, taking all styles away from their original natural presentational settings and creating this theatricalised event where each performance is autonomous, respected, but fits into a whole thematic presentation (somewhat like a concept album), with multicameras, multiscreens, staging and sophisticated lighting. Entitled escape, this resembles, not so much a solely musical event as a theatricalised and mediated club / MTV event. It is a response to the supermusic culture we live in. I am currently developing this further by researching new models for a 21st Century orchestra as a means to portray this diversity, creating an dramatic, immersive, versatile environment and a range of electronic instruments, together with amplified and effected strings.
This could be described as an inter-song presentational approach. But we must also consider intra-song presentation such as sampling music and mashups. The Wikipedia defines mashup as "a musical genre consisting of the combination of the parts of more than one song". Frith (1998) says "because all our experiences of time are now fragmented and multilinear, fragmented music is also realistic music; it represents experience grasped in moments."
This can work from both a producer and a listener perspective. New meanings can be created by producer and listener (these are often liable to be different meanings). But there is a third player - the original owner of the sample grab, and they may feel a mashup compromises their work. These are issues to deal with, but beyond the scope of this paper. However, solutions, such as the Creative Commons concepts , must be investigated further as the status quo is increasingly unsustainable.
Supermusic Culture can be viewed in two ways; either as "content" like packets of musical product to be put up for consumption or as the ingredients from which we can bake meaning, dependent on who we are and how we perceive the world and conceive our environment. It would seem that the latter gives a far greater set of opportunities to use the music we hear to give us personal social, group identity.
Using the analogy of supermarket food culture, we can view the items on the shelves as either interesting tastes, but culturally neutral products, or as a range of tastes that can become the basis of a great dinner party – allowing us to interact with each other, using the food as the a bonding agent. For both music and food, the "content" approach takes a position that the product is inert and ready-made, whereas the "ingredient" approach views the product as the scape on which we can enrich our lives. In music this takes place through the mediascape that accompanies our contemporary lives. This is partly based on our previous lived experience, but also allows, for instance, a fortuitous hearing of one piece of music juxtaposed with another to have the capacity to become a new stimulant for meaning.
And whilst it is vital to acknowledge the importance of an individuals' intellectual property and moral rights, the chance to creatively use the opportunities the new technologies cannot, in a human world, be discounted or thrown away. I believe this knowledge could have the power to influence the entertainment industry gate-keepers – who too often become gate-closers through the inappropriate use of the copyright laws. After all, if we applied the current rules of copyright to cooking, no-one could ever make a meal from bought ingredients.


text:
Flipper (Flipperjolle) eller Flipper Junior, är en tvåmansjolle med storsegel, fock och spinnaker, konstruerad av Peer Bruun 1968.

Flipperjollar visades första gången på mässa 1971 och har byggts både på fabrik och som självbygge. Fram till 1973 har det byggts 3300, okänt antal därefter.
Svenska tillverkare var Fabola båtar och i ett sent skede Finnessa båtar i Trosa. Framgångsrika svenska Flipperseglare är bröderna Hans och Anders Liljeblad samt bröderna Thomas och Mats Wahlgren. Båda brödraparen dominerade klassen under sina år. Nordiska mästerskap hölls bland annat i Moss, Norge, Mariehamn på Åland, Råå, Helsingborg och i Danmark. En svensk serie fanns med cirka 10 seglingar per år. Båten var ett alternativ för den som ville segla tvåmansjolle men viktmässigt inte klarade av den större olympiska 470 jollen.

Flipper seglas normalt av två personer, men kan också hanteras ensam. Skrovet under vattnet har en matematisk form som kallas superellips vilket var en nyhet när båttypen introducerades.

Flipperjollen har använts som tävlingsklass för ungdomar fram till slutet av 1980-talet. Flest båtar fanns i Danmark och där hölls också tävlingar ytterligare några år. Idag används Flipper mest som en kul fritidsbåt, även av vuxna. Med en tung besättning och diamantstag i masten kan den seglas hårt. Den kan plana och farter nära 15 knop är inte omöjliga.

Tekniska data
Längd: 4,10 meter
Bredd: 1,32 meter
Djupgående: 0,10 / 0,80 meter
LYS-tal: 1,12
Vikt ca 75 kg, skrovets minimivikt 70 kg
Material: Glasfiberarmerad plast, minst 150 liter flytmedel ska finnas inne i skrovet
Centerbord och roder: 6 mm aluminium, max 50x100 respektive 25x75 cm
Självlänsar i botten som kan öppnas och stängas under segling
Mast: 6,00 m, diameter 50 mm, diamantstag tillåtet
Bom: 2,00 m, diameter 50 mm
Storsegel: 7.60 m²
Fock: 2.70 m²
Spinnaker: 8,00 m²

Referenser

Tryckta källor
Båtnytt har gjort ett test av Flipper samt ett antal andra segeljollar i nummer 8/1972.
Aarre, Bent - Flipperjollen (Tiden) 1972

Jollar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Clinton Foundation owns the FBI
The Clintons have used the foundation to enrich themselves
By Kurt Nimmo -
Attorney General Loretta Lynch was on the Hill today in front of the House Judiciary Committee at an oversight hearing on Justice Department Operations. Regarding those operations, Attorney General Lynch stonewalled the Committee with non answers and legal diversion. Meanwhile, the democrats used the opportunity to promote gun control. Democratic Congressman Hank Johnson weighed in on the democrats perception that the hearings were unimportant to protect national security. You may remember Johnson once expressed concern over Guam tipping over. But Lynch could not avoid the clarity surrounding her decision to speak with Bill Clinton days before the decision and her declaration to support the FBI's investigation before the investigation was closed.
Now, as Kurt Nimmo writes, FBI Director James Comey's past and present employment as Director of HSBC Holdings and subsequent promotion to independent non-executive Director and a member of the Financial System Vulnerabilities Committee, an appointment set to expire this year. Has blatant ties to the Clinton Foundation. In a letter sent On Monday, Republicans demanded answers from FBI boss James Comey. House Judiciary Committee Chairman Bob Goodlatte of Virginia, and committee member Rep. Trey Gowdy of South Carolina, want to know if the emails that were deleted and recovered by the FBI had anything to do with the Clinton Foundation.
HSBC is connected to the Clinton Foundation through a number of initiatives, including its "Building the Corporate Coalition," "Scaling Rainwater Harvesting for 21st Century Mexico," "Investing in Management and Leadership in Vietnam," and other projects. Goldman Sachs, Deutsche Bank, Morgan Stanley, and a number of transnational corporations, also participate. The Clintons have used the foundation to enrich themselves.
Documents disclosed through litigation by Judicial Watch "provided a road map for over 200 conflict-of-interest rulings that led to at least $48 million in speaking fees for the Clintons during Hillary Clinton's tenure as secretary of state. Previously disclosed documents in this lawsuit, for example, raise questions about funds Clinton accepted from entities linked to Saudi Arabia, China and Iran, among others." What will it take to convince every American citizen that they are being scammed at the highest levels? Stay tuned, tomorrow I will be digging into Comey's involvement into Whitewater. Yes, Comey's protection of the Clinton corruption machine goes way back.
Via The Alex Jones Channel
Clinton's
The Jeffrey Epstein sex scandal has some of the biggest names in America shaking in their boots right now
DOJ investigating CIA role in Russiagate
Eyewitnesses saw a second shooter firing an "automatic high-powered rifle" outside Route 91 venue on 1 October, FBI documents reveal
Obama White House legacy at stake, a President Trump could nullify...
Surviving an urban disaster
See ya in a FEMA camp!


text:
Q: Flex ArrayCollection getItemIndex always -1 I have a question, why doesn't this work?
I have an ArrayCollection with data; a trace of random index of this using
ObjUtil.toString(arrc.getItemAt(index))

gives me

(Object)#0
  label = "VALUE"
  value = 20

I then create an object:
var newObj:Object = new Object()
newObj.label = "VALUE"
newObj.value = 20

A trace of this gives:

(Object)#0
  label = "VALUE"
  value = 20

Now I do:
arrc.getItemIndex(newObj)

and it always gives me -1.
Does anyone know where I'm going wrong?

A: Just a bit of clarification.. You're not actually adding that object to the collection? You're creating an object that is the same as an object in the collection and using it to get the index?
The newObj is not the same as the object in the arraycollection.. they just have the same values. The getItemIndex method will only 'find' an object if it's actually the same object (it's not going to drill down and compare member variables).

A: getItemIndex is searching for the same item (instance) and not for an equal item with equal property values.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In the problem where we are asked to find the probability of handshake by two,,please elaborate the conclusion.I din't understand the last few lines after 99 handshakes.
If a person shakes hands with all 99 others, then there cannot be anyone with zero handshakes, right? So basically the possible values for "number of handshakes" can range from 1 to 99 or from 0 to 98. Either way a max of 99 distinct values.
@ J : Can u explain why we multiply 366*5 ??
366*5 is the "worst case scenario not satisfying the condition". We could have these many people, and still have not more than 5 people with a birthday on any given day.
For the handshakes: there are 100 people and 99 possible values so not everybody can have different values.
J, could you please explain the intent of the last question? I din't quite get it. Thank you!
No intent! Unless you count "confusing the student" as the examiners' intent 🙂 It is just a typical question which can be solved using the pigeonhole logic. The idea being again that since there are 26 things to be put into 25 regions, at least one the regions must contain more than one thing.
In the problem where we are asked to find the probability of handshakes,could you please elaborate the conclusion? I didn't understand the last few lines after 99 handshakes.


"The music is always good at Avellino! I also think it's nice that they change the artwork frequently. The coffee there is always superb! This is one of the last true hole-in-the-walls around."
"The vegan and gluten free donuts are awesome! I like that the people who work there know my name and are friendly. I love the baristas and the coffee. Also, their lemon bars are A+."
"Whatever I purchase at Avellino is always prepared perfectly and presented pleasantly. The service there is spectacular and second to none! I also like the soothing setting. Because great things should be shared, I tell other people about the coffee from Avellinos."
"Avellino has the best espresso in town. They are very friendly there and the baristas go out of their way to get me whatever I want. I recommend Avellino to people I know."
"I am very satisfied with whatever I purchase at Avellino! The customer service is excellent and I really like the atmosphere there. I would recommend Avellino Coffeehouse to anyone I know."
"I love the coffee and the baristas are the best! I recommend Avellino Coffeehouse all the time! "
"They have a great staff at Avellino and their coffee and pastries are outstanding! I also appreciate the friendly and attentive staff. I am so impressed with Avellino that I recommend this place to people all the time, especially to people who are new to Bellingham or anyone looking for local atmosphere. "
"Avellino is an amazing place! They have great staff, and excellent freshly made treats filled with love! "
"Avellino has the best baristas and coffee shop employees in town! And I love their coffee and food and pastries. I always recommend Avellino Coffeehouse."
"Avellino employees are the best! They have great ambiance and I love the local art! And everyone should know how outstanding their coffee is!"
"The staff at Avellinos makes consistently perfect shots and they are fast! What I also like about the staff is that they are very welcoming. I also enjoy the rotating selections of local art."
"The Avellino staff is so good! They are warm, playful, and welcoming and at the same time they tend to everything to make sure customers are served well. I love the art and the cozy feel of the place. I also appreciate the smart and diverse people that come here. This cafe is the best in town!"
Copyright © 2016. Avellino Coffeehouse. All rights reserved.


What a time to be a content creator. Post-PC products like Apple's iPad Pro and Microsoft's Surface Book put desktop-class computing into sleek, portable form factors that didn't even exist five years ago. And we haven't even mentioned the crazy innovation in software, as apps like Paper, Figure and Haiku Deck redefine the way we make and share content. As innovations continue to trickle down and prices continue to drop, more people will have anytime-anywhere access to professional content creation capabilities, and that's a good thing.
You don't have to search very long to find pundits wringing their hands over market fragmentation or the tyranny of excessive choice. To be sure, the colossal battle between Facebook, Apple and Google (not to mention billions of other apps and platforms) makes finding your audience more challenging than ever. But remember: where there is disruption, there's opportunity. So long as you've done your due brand diligence and know who you want to reach, then you have more opportunities to engage customers than ever before. Best of all, in a market constantly opening new pathways to consumers, you have a rare chance to get there first.
We are living through not only a revolutionary historical moment in communication, but also an unprecedented awareness and respect for great design. Oh sure, there are the occasional horrors, but we also have this watch and these skateboards and this $99 computer kit for kids. This collision of great design and social purpose gives us the warm fuzzies.
We've said it before and we'll keep saying it: Chattanooga is the best place to live, the best place to work, and the best place in the world to start a new business. Big ideas, cool people, low cost of living, stunning geography...what else could we want?
As far as we know, none of the Maycreaters is eating turducken this year. We're just happy it exists.


I was standing by the tefillin stand when he walked by. I couldn't tell where he was from. I asked him in Spanish if he spoke Spanish. He did not respond. I asked if he was from France. No answer. Russian? Again, no answer. Finally, I asked him if he spoke English. He nodded his head, "Yes."
He said, "Sharon was good. Barak was not good."
He was referring Israeli Prime Ministers back then.
He said, "Thank G-d we are in Israel."
He must have experienced violence in Lebanon.
He held out his hand to show me the golden ring on his finger. It had two small crosses and one large one.
Then, with a firm voice he said, "G-d bless Israel."
It is amazing that x-ians are being murdered and their churches destroyed in many countries in the Middle East. In fact, Israel is the only country in the entire Middle East where x-ians can live unmolested and not fear for their lives, yet a huge percentage of x-ians around the world have so quickly and so happily joined the anti-Israel (Jewish-hatred) boycotts.[i] Shame on them.
[i] For instance, at one time the Presbyterian church joined the anti-Israeli boycotts, as have the Methodists in UK, united church of yashka, United church of Canada, British Quakers, the World council of churches, and ….


Looks like TPP is on it last hurdle to passage. An up or down vote in that brothel that used to be the Congress should take it to the president's desk. Multinationals, Wall Street, the whores in D.C., China and their trading partners all win. American workers lose big. Who in the hell is that guy in the Oval Office and what did he do with Barack Obama?
I have said before and will say again, I took one course in economics in college. I sat in the back of the room and read Midsummer Night's Dream and Henry V to keep from nodding off. The damn subject was dry and deadly dull. Still, I managed to take this much away: if you crush the working class you crush the economy because if the men and women who toil away their days are broke, ain't nobody, making no money, no how. Now if I am hip to this fact, why aren't the parasites in Washington, or could it be that they are so drunk on graft that they just don't care?
Goddess help us all and lead us down the path of non-violent revolution. Our government is in need of rehab and we are in need of sober, sane leaders who remember who hired them.


text:
Ex-minister acquitted in funds embezzlement
KUWAIT CITY, Sept 21: The Court of Cassation has upheld the verdict of the lower court and acquitted former Minister of Health, Dr. Ali Al-Obeidi, and six others who were accused of facilitating the embezzlement of 300,000 dinars in the purchase of lice drugs and other medicines and containers in collusion with a contracting company allegedly owned by the former health minister, reports Al-Rai daily. The daily did not give more details
By Jaber Al-Hamoud Al-Seyassah Staff and Agencies
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Kuwaiti accused of using force and assaulting his pregnant wife acquitted
Kuwaiti acquitted of drug consumption, assault
Ex-MP Duwailah acquitted in 'royal' slander case
Jail for Kuwaiti citizen annulled
Kuwaiti acquitted of stealing car
Journalist accused of beating and insulting actress acquitted
Lebanese expat acquitted of falsifying docus
KUWAIT CITY, Nov 4: The Court of First Instance acquitted a female Lebanese expatriate, who …


text:
News	Interview with Future Mind!
News	Smash the House and Alteza Records Launch Affiliation
News	Mike37, welcome to the family!
News	Unleash your talent! Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike launch sub-label "Generation Smash"!
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Thanks to digital distribution, contents can be delivered today without the need of physical media, through a direct download of the consumer.
Digital distribution is revolutioning the conventional methodsused in the music field, such as paper or the DVDs. The result: consumers have access to low-cost products, and there is an increase in profits for the artists, as well as a greater artistic freedom.
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Je | Just Entertainment works with the world leaders of digital distribution on the stores and online streaming services, with a direct relationship with the principal store of digital music and streaming services, such as iTunes, Spotify and Google Play.
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text:
The 27th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 31 to April 11, 1804, during the third year of George Clinton's second tenure as Governor of New York, in Albany.

Background
Under the provisions of the New York Constitution of 1777, amended by the Constitutional Convention of 1801, 32 Senators were elected on general tickets in the four senatorial districts for four-year terms. They were divided into four classes, and every year eight Senate seats came up for election. Assemblymen were elected countywide on general tickets to a one-year term, the whole assembly being renewed annually.

In 1797, Albany was declared the State capital, and all subsequent Legislatures have been meeting there ever since. In 1799, the Legislature enacted that future Legislatures meet on the last Tuesday of January of each year unless called earlier by the governor.

State Senator Solomon Sutherland died on September 10, 1802, leaving a vacancy in the Middle District.

In 1803, Montgomery County, and two seats were transferred from the Western to the Eastern District.

U.S. Senator DeWitt Clinton resigned on November 4, 1803, after his appointment as Mayor of New York City, and Governor George Clinton appointed John Armstrong to fill the vacancy temporarily.

U.S. Senator Theodorus Bailey resigned on January 16, 1804, after his appointment as Postmaster of New York City.

At this time the politicians were divided into two opposing political parties: the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. The Democratic-Republican Party split into two opposing factions at the gubernatorial election of 1804: the "Regulars" who supported Morgan Lewis, and the "Burrites" who supported Vice President Aaron Burr. Lewis had been nominated for Governor by his party, but Burr, after being dropped from the presidential ticket in favor of Gov. George Clinton, ran against Lewis. Burr also received the support of the majority of the Federalists although his enemy Alexander Hamilton, the leader of the Federalists, advocated against it and supported Lewis.

Elections
The State election was held from April 26 to 28, 1803. Senator Edward Savage (Eastern D.) was re-elected. John Broome (Southern D.), Joshua H. Brett, Robert Johnston (both Middle D.), John Tayler and Thomas Tredwell (both Eastern D.); and Assemblymen John Woodworth (Eastern D.) and Caleb Hyde (Western D.) were also elected to full terms in the Senate. Simon Veeder (Eastern D.) and Assemblyman James Burt were elected to fill the vacancies. All ten were Democratic-Republicans.

Sessions
The Legislature met at the Old City Hall in Albany on January 31, 1804; and the Assembly adjourned on April 10, the Senate on April 11.

Dem.-Rep. Alexander Sheldon was elected Speaker.

On February 3, 1804, the Legislature elected two U.S. senators (both Dem.-Rep.): John Armstrong to succeed himself, and John Smith to succeed Theodorus Bailey.

State Senate

Districts
The Southern District (6 seats) consisted of Kings, New York, Queens, Richmond, Suffolk and Westchester counties.
The Middle District (8 seats) consisted of Dutchess, Orange, Ulster, Columbia, Delaware, Rockland and Greene counties.
The Eastern District (9 seats) consisted of Washington, Clinton, Rensselaer, Albany, Saratoga, Essex and Montgomery counties.
The Western District (9 seats) consisted of Herkimer, Ontario, Otsego, Tioga, Onondaga, Schoharie, Steuben, Chenango, Oneida, Cayuga and Genesee counties.

Note: There are now 62 counties in the State of New York. The counties which are not mentioned in this list had not yet been established, or sufficiently organized, the area being included in one or more of the abovementioned counties.

Members
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued in office as members of this Legislature. James Burt, John Woodworth and Caleb Hyde changed from the Assembly to the Senate.

Employees
Clerk: Henry I. Bleecker

State Assembly

Districts

Albany County (6 seats)
Cayuga County (3 seats)
Chenango County (4 seats)
Clinton County (1 seat)
Columbia County (4 seats)
Delaware County (2 seats)
Dutchess County (7 seats)
Essex County (1 seat)
Genesee and Ontario counties (3 seats)
Greene County (2 seats)
Herkimer County (3 seats)
Kings County (1 seat)
Montgomery County (5 seats)
The City and County of New York (9 seats)
Oneida County (4 seats)
Onondaga County (2 seats)
Orange County (4 seats)
Otsego County (4 seats)
Queens County (3 seats)
Rensselaer County (5 seats)
Richmond County (1 seat)
Rockland County (1 seat)
Saratoga County (4 seats)
Schoharie County (2 seats)
Steuben County (1 seat)
Suffolk County (3 seats)
Tioga County (1 seat)
Ulster County (4 seats)
Washington County (6 seats)
Westchester County (4 seats)

Note: There are now 62 counties in the State of New York. The counties which are not mentioned in this list had not yet been established, or sufficiently organized, the area being included in one or more of the abovementioned counties.

Assemblymen
The asterisk (*) denotes members of the previous Legislature who continued as members of this Legislature.

Employees
Clerk: Solomon Southwick
Sergeant-at-Arms: Benjamin Haight
Doorkeeper: Benjamin Whipple

Notes

Sources
The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858) [see pg. 108f for Senate districts; pg. 118f for senators; pg. 148f for Assembly districts; pg. 177 for assemblymen]
The History of Political Parties in the State of New-York, from the Ratification of the Federal Constitution to 1840 by Jabez D. Hammond (4th ed., Vol. 1, H. & E. Phinney, Cooperstown, 1846; pages 202ff)
Election result Assembly, Cayuga Co. at project "A New Nation Votes", compiled by Phil Lampi, hosted by Tufts University Digital Library
Election result Assembly, Columbia Co. at project "A New Nation Votes" [gives wrong party affiliations]
Election result Assembly, Delaware Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Dutchess Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Greene Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Herkimer Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Montgomery Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Onondaga Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Queens Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Rensselaer Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Richmond Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Rockland Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Schoharie Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Saratoga Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Suffolk Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Tioga Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Ulster Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Assembly, Westchester Co. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Senate, Southern D. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Senate, Middle D. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Senate, Eastern D. at project "A New Nation Votes"
Election result Senate, Western D. at project "A New Nation Votes"

1803 in New York (state)
1804 in New York (state)
027
1803 U.S. legislative sessions


text:
Ocula Magazine
Ocula Magazine | News | Artists
News | Artists
Saeborg and Tsuda Michiko Win Tokyo Contemporary Art Award 2022–2024
TOKYO ARTS AND SPACE | SPONSORED CONTENT
By Ocula News
Artist Profile Tsuda Michiko View Bio, Works & Exhibitions Art Guide Tokyo View What's On in the City
Latest Ocula Editorial
Ocula News K11 MUSEA to Bring History of Street Art to Hong Kong
30 January 2023 Ocula News Art World Predictions for the Year of the Rabbit
27 January 2023 Ocula News 'Nam June Paik: Moon Is the Oldest TV' Debuts at Sundance
The artists were chosen for their insights into the exploitation of animals and the impacts of ubiquitous cameras and screens.
Saeborg, Cycle of L performance at The Museum of Art, Kochi, 2020. Photo: Taisuke Tsurui.
Tokyo Arts and Space has announced the winners of the prestigious Tokyo Contemporary Art Award (TCAA) for 2022–2024. They are Tokyo-based artist Saeborg and Ishikawa-based artist Tsuda Michiko.
The TCAA was established in 2018 to help mid-career artists make breakthroughs in their work. It comprises a ¥3 million (US $26,000) monetary prize, ¥2 million ($17,000) to support activities abroad, an exhibition at the Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo in March 2024, and the publication of a monograph to help promote the artists' work internationally.
Born in Toyama in 1981, Saeborg caricatures the relationship between people and livestock through performances that incorporate brightly coloured latex animal costumes. The costumes are highly restrictive, requiring a great deal of care for the wearers. This need for care during production resonates with the artist's broader efforts to expand our sympathy towards other beings.
The TCAA selection committee recognised Saeborg's 'longstanding commitment to social inclusion, which is inseparable from her attitude of respecting all life equally in her artistic practice, as something we can all relate to as we strive to become a society that truly accepts diversity.'
Tsuda Michiko, Tokyo Behaviour (2021). Installation view of Back TOKYO Forth at Tokyo International Cruise Terminal, 2021 Photo: Akira Arai, Nacása & Partners Inc.
Tsuda Michiko's installations and performances explore the impacts of now ubiquitous cameras and screens. Recently, she has also analysed the body movements of characters in director Ozu Yasujirō's films in order to highlight hidden gender roles.
'Both her artistic practice and art are exemplary in how artists invite the public to become self-reflective and critically aware of the need to participate in systemic change — not just personal transformation — to create mutual understanding in society,' the committee said. They recognised her for 'the consistently motivated and inquisitive approach that permeates her work'.
The winners of the award were decided after the selection committee conducted on-site and online studio visits with nominees.
'These exchanges and deep engagements make this award much more than a final outcome of who wins but a meaningful learning experience for the jury members and hopefully the artists as well,' said Carol Yinghua Lu, a member of the committee and the director of Beijing's Inside-Out Art Museum.
The selection committee's other members are: Sofía Hernández Chong Cuy from the Kunstinstituut Melly; Takashi Mizuki from the Centre for Heritage, Arts and Textile (CHAT); Nomura Shino from Tokyo Opera City Art Gallery; Washida Meruro from the Towada Art Center; and Kondo Yuki from Tokyo Arts and Space.
The TCAA 2022–2024 award ceremony and symposium will take place at the Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo on 20 March. Works by Fujii Hikaru and Yamashiro Chikako, who won the TCAA for 2020–2022, will also show at the Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo from 19 March.
The other past winners of the TCAA are Kazama Sachiko and Shitamichi Motoyuki (2019–2021), and Shiga Lieko and Takeuchi Kota (2021–2023). —[O]
Submit art news, announcements, and tips to [email protected]
Ocula News
Tokyo Arts and Space | Sponsored Content Shiga Lieko and Takeuchi Kota Win Tokyo Contemporary Art Award 2021–2023 Tokyo, 11 February 2021
The 3 million yen prize is a catapult for mid-career Japanese artists.
Read More Ocula News
TOKYO ARTS AND SPACE | SPONSORED CONTENT Fujii Hikaru and Yamashiro Chikako Win Tokyo Contemporary Art Award 2020–2022 Tokyo, 23 March 2020
The 3 million yen prize is awarded to mid-career Japanese artists who 'deserve global recognition'.
Read More Institution Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo
The Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo, was opened in 1995 to systematically research, collect, preserve and display contemporary art that has been created both in Japan and overseas since 1945. Situated in the eastern part of Tokyo, which is also
View Institution Artist Profile Tsuda Michiko
Michiko Tsuda is a Japanese contemporary artist whose work explores the nature and politics of video representation, as well as its impact on its spectators. Her practice, which spans video, installation, and performance, has gained her several
View Bio, Works & Exhibitions
Selected Ocula Member Galleries
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text:
HOME REGULAR COLUMNS POLL PHOTOS ARCHIVE VACANCIES BLOGS
True to our salt
HEMLATA RAI
FROM ISSUE #55 (10 AUG 2001 - 16 AUG 2001) | TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUBSCRIBE NT PRINT REFER WRITE TO EDITOR
Salt. Nepal. Evokes images of caravans, wealth and success stories. But it used to also remind us of goitre and cretinism.
Iodised salt may not be a glamorous subject, but Nepal's 28-year-old salt iodisation programme has been considered one of the most successful in Asia. Goitre and cretinism, caused by an iodine-deficient diet, used to be endemic. In parts of Gorkha and Rasuwa district, up to 80 percent of the inhabitants once had goitre or suffered from severe iodine deficiency. But three decades after launching a campaign to iodise salt, Nepal has beat this problem. The achievement cannot be quantified in dollars and cents, but if one could put a price tag on raising the intelligence level of a population then Nepal will have gained billions of dollars over the past three decades with its iodisation programme.
Now, this success is under threat. India, from where almost all of Nepal's salt is imported, decided last year to lift the central government ban on non-iodised salt and leave the decision to iodise or not up to state governments. In many parts of India you can now buy plain sodium chloride without iodine.
This becomes a problem for Nepal because despite the efforts of the partially state-run Salt Trading Corporation, Indian salt trickles through the open border and is widely retailed, especially in the tarai. Matters will worsen next year, when private organisations will once again be allowed to import and distribute salt. Health specialists say past experience has shown that when this happens, it is difficult to monitor levels of iodine.
Iodine is essential for normal growth and development in humans. Iodine deficiency causes under-production of the thyroid hormone, a condition called hypothyroidism. People who suffer from hypothyroidism have a depressed metabolic rate, which among other things means improper assimilation of vital nutrients. When the deficiency is serious, as it inevitably is if a modern lifestyle does not include iodised salt, it causes goitre and what has traditionally been called cretinism. Iodine Deficiency Disorder, to give it its proper name, comprises psychomotor defects, impaired mental functions and slow cognitive development. Pregnant women, foetuses, infants, and children are always at higher risk of developing IDD.
Given a daily intake of 10 grams of salt, standard in most parts of the world, an iodine concentration of 15ppm (parts per million) satisfies physiological requirements. This is minute amount-a teaspoon of iodine over a lifetime, but it keeps you healthy.
New Delhi's policy shift on iodised salt in India has already started affecting Nepal, with substandard salt making its way here. Settlements along Nepal's southern border with India were always vulnerable to substandard salt. The Nepal Micro-nutrient Status Survey 1998 (NMSS) showed that half the salt consumed in the tarai had either no iodine or very little. This, despite the fact that refined iodised salt is more easily available here than in the hills.
Parameswar Mahaseth, general manager of the Salt Trading Corporation, the sole authorised dealer of salt in Nepal, puts it bluntly: "After the Indian government's decision became effective, we have noticed that substandard salt that is unsuitable for human consumption is being sold in tarai markets." A UNICEF conference of South Asian countries held last November in Kathmandu also acknowledged that the flow of non-iodised salt into Nepal has increased after India lifted the ban.
Salt produced in the Indian state of Rajasthan is made from underground water which is particularly low in sodium chloride-salt containing less than 96 percent sodium chloride is considered inedible. Salt with less than the minimum sodium chloride content is meant to be disposed of by burying. Not surprisingly, it often finds its way into unwary consumers' houses masquerading as some popular brand or another. To avoid the additional charges involved in burying substandard salt, producers and distributors prefer to simply sell it-at sixty percent the cost. After the STC discovered six months ago that salt consignments failing the standards test of the Office of Salt Commissioner of India is sold freely to poor villagers in both sides of the border, it decided to carry out more raids.
Monitoring iodine in salt in Nepal has always been challenge, because what we use is made in India and so cannot be controlled at the production level. The picture is complicated by a poor transportation infrastructure within Nepal, which makes access to consumers difficult, and by Nepal's landlocked location. This means Nepal needs to keep in store its salt requirement for six months to one year. Salt over time loses iodine content, and to maintain a healthy level of the mineral by the time salt reaches our tables, the original product needs to have 50ppm of iodine. India, in contrast, only requires 30ppm.
There are problems on the domestic front. Consumers here unfortunately prefer large crystal salt, whose iodine content tends to evaporate fast, particularly during transportation and storage. Moreover, many consumers wash the crystal before they use it, which further lowers the level of iodine. The preference persists because crushed, refined salt is perceived to be less clean (as it cannot be washed) than crystal salt.
Salt Trading Corporation data shows that Nepalis consumed 133,000 metric tons of salt last year, of which 63 percent was the crystal form commonly called dhikke noon. In the coming fiscal year (2002/2003), the STC aims to ensure that half the country will use refined, iodised and packaged salt. But these figures can be misleading because salt imported from Tibet, the small amount of salt produced in Nepal annually (six metric tons), and Indian salt that comes in clandestinely are not accounted for. The real figure is probably around 160,000 metric tons. The NMSS estimates that about 65 percent of the population has access to adequately iodised salt, 18 percent gets inadequately iodised salt, and a huge 17 percent of Nepalis consume non-iodised salt.
A collaborative effort of Nutrition Section of the Ministry of Health, the STC, the Indian government and UNICEF was launched in 1973 to increase the availability and demand of iodised salt in the country. The project ended in 1998. To ensure proper levels of iodisation, refined and crushed salt in sealed 1 kg bags was introduced. But even after almost three decades of campaigning, the most successful iodisation programme in Asia has not ensured lasting faith in its product. That, says STC's Mahaseth, is because of a poor marketing strategy. "We concentrated on reducing goitre prevalence rather than making refined salt popular," he explains.
The proportion of low UIE (urinary iodine excretion) values has declined from 52 percent in 1985 to 39 percent in 1998. Not surprisingly, the lowest UIE values are found in rural areas and in the tarai.
Government thinks one way to deal with possibly plateauing levels of awareness and iodised salt consumption is ending the monopoly of the STC and allowing the private sector to participate in the salt trade. The Iodised Salt Distribution Act was drafted two years ago and a proposed regulation allows the formation of a committee to decide who will be allowed to import salt and distribute it.
The failure of Nepal's last experience with privatising salt when the official programme ended in 1998, which led to the four-year moratorium on private salt trading, should be ample warning of the pitfalls of such an approach. Four years ago, Nepal's Dugar Group was allowed to deal in iodised salt but the business house failed to supply the promised amount on time, and when NGOs tested the iodine level in Gyan Noon, the Dugar Group's brand, the iodine level was found to be as little as seven 7ppm. "Monitoring mechanisms are poor in Nepal, it is easier to monitor one dealer of salt than multiple dealers," said Macha Raja Maharjan, National Programme Officer with The Micronutrient Initiative.
Substandard salt flooding the tarai aside, India's own experience should give us pause. The competition in the Indian market after the entry of the private sector has not benefited consumers there-they pay NRs 11.20 for a kg of iodised salt, 20 percent more than they used to until last year, and 40 percent more than what Nepali consumers pay.
(11 JAN 2013 - 17 JAN 2013)
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text:
Q: Copying values to an object clone/prototype Let's say I have the following object where I want to initialize it with values (outside a class):

let person = {
    firstName: undefined,
    lastName: undefined,
    get fullName() {
        return `${this.firstName} ${this.lastName}`;
    }
}
let p = Object.create(person);
p.firstName = 'Ralph';
p.lastName = 'Smedley';
console.log(p.fullName);

Why doesn't the above work when doing the following?

let person = {
    firstName: undefined,
    lastName: undefined,
    get fullName() {
        return `${this.firstName} ${this.lastName}`;
    }
}
                         // use default Object so don't override inherited object
let ralph = Object.assign({}, person, {firstName: 'Ralph', lastName: 'Smedley'});
console.log(ralph.fullName);

What would be the proper way to do this second approach?

A: When you use Object.assign, the getters are invoked at that time (and the result is put as a data property onto the new object). Your getter isn't running after ralph is created - it's running before that.

let person = {
    firstName: undefined,
    lastName: undefined,
    get fullName() {
        console.log('getting fullName');
        return `${this.firstName} ${this.lastName}`;
    }
}
let ralph = Object.assign({}, person, {firstName: 'Ralph', lastName: 'Smedley'});

After that occurs, you're left with an object of:
{
  firstName: "Ralph"
  fullName: "undefined undefined"
  lastName: "Smedley"
}

So logging ralph.fullName will give you what exists in that property, which is "undefined undefined"
Using Object.create, on the other hand, does not invoke getters that may exist on the object - all it does is set the internal prototype.
If you wanted to copy over the method too, you could do:

const person = {
    firstName: undefined,
    lastName: undefined,
    get fullName() {
        return `${this.firstName} ${this.lastName}`;
    }
};

const objectAssignWithGettersSetters = (target, ...args) => {
  for (const arg of args) {
    Object.defineProperties(target, Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(arg));
  }
  return target;
}
const ralph = objectAssignWithGettersSetters({}, person, {firstName: 'Ralph', lastName: 'Smedley'});
console.log(ralph.fullName);