text:
ERIC ORR
Survey of Works
September 8 – October 6, 2007
Eric Orr (1939 - 1998) Survey of works
The Robert Berman Gallery is pleased to present a survey of works by artist Eric Orr (1939-1998). Part of the Southern California Light and Space movement of the 1960s-70s, Orr was a contemporary conceptual artist dealing primarily with installation, sculpture, and painting. His work is based on a religio-philosophical conceptualization of space icons found in ancient religions and cultures, such as Egyptian symbolism and Buddhist spiritualism. In his installations, Orr worked with the elemental qualities of natural materials—stone, metal, water, and fire—with the intention of eliciting a visceral response from the viewer. Other materials Orr used include gold leaf, lead, blood, human skull, and AM/FM radio parts. Orr's body of work also include monochromatic paintings, as well as large scale fountains that can be viewed in a variety of public and private spaces around the city of Los Angeles.
Orr is an internationally acknowledged artists with work in the collections of the Pompidou Center in Paris, France, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Whitney Museum and the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, The Farm in New Zealand, the San Francisco Museum of Art, and The Gugenheim.
The exhibition will feature a number of Orr's works from the 1970s through the 1990s and a short documentary on his life—"Crazy Wisdom"—that was collaboratively produced Orr's daughter, Elizabeth and Orr's lifelong friend, Kent Hodges.
The opening reception will be held on Saturday, September 8, 2007 from 6:30 – 8:30pm.


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Over the past few years, researchers have offered new insight into the ways music promotes healthy aging and a sense of well-being for seniors. Recent studies show that listening to music gives the brain a good "workout," as it makes sense of the patterns and melodies. For example, in an Emory University study, lead researcher Brenda Hanna-Pladdy, PhD, reported, "Musical activity throughout life may serve as a challenging cognitive exercise, making your brain fitter and more capable of accommodating the challenges of aging."
Another recent study, from Northwestern University, confirms that musical training promotes memory health, and also improves hearing ability in seniors. Researchers showed that listening to music improves the ability to perceive speech in a noisy environment, which is a common challenge as age-related hearing impairment occurs.
Music can decrease the perception of pain. It provides distraction from aches and illness. Listening to music that a person enjoys can actually raise the level of endorphins (brain chemicals linked with a feeling of well-being).
Music has the capacity to reach hidden brain areas. It is stored differently in the brain than are speech and memory. This is why people with Alzheimer's, stroke, Parkinson's disease or other conditions that cause a diminished ability to speak or carry on a conversation, may still be able to sing.
Music serves as a storehouse for memories. Pictures, thoughts and vivid recollections can all be encoded in the mind with music. So by enhancing memory, music is a good addition to reminiscing activities.
Music helps people who are cognitively impaired. Many people with dementia become more aware of the present, of their surroundings, and of other people while listening to music.
Music is a wonderful resource for people with visual impairment. It provides another way of staying in touch with the world.
Music encourages seniors to exercise and be more active. What's more fun, calisthenics or dancing? With the addition of music, movements become a pleasure rather than a chore.
Music can improve sleep quality. Recent studies show that seniors with sleep problems experienced an improvement after listening to soft music at bedtime.
Music brings people together. People who "co-experience" the same rhythms, moods and neurological responses enjoy a togetherness which is familiar to concertgoers or church congregations. Listening to music together enhances communication, and can lend a sense of unity to people of different abilities and of different generations. Music helps us interact with others and feel part of a group.
Music can have positive emotional effects. It can uplift the spirit. It can reduce anxiety, stress and agitation. Music which is associated with pleasant memories can be a source of relaxation. And the therapeutic use of music has been shown to be effective in reducing depression.
Music provides a sense of meaning and fulfillment. Studies show that most of us have our own strong musical tastes, with which we often identify. Reacting to music in one's own way builds self-esteem.
Music provides comfort at the end of life. Patients receive palliative benefit from appropriate, personalized music. Music helps meet the physical, emotional and psychosocial needs of hospice patients.


Ties to be played on or before Saturday 6th October 2018.
HT0 - 3A. Mainwaring, A. Mainwaring, G. Johnson.
FT0 - 6A. Mainwaring, A. Mainwaring, G. Johnson.
Richard Lander School progress to the next round.
Howard of Effingham School progress to the next round.
Booth. HT1 - 3?, ?, ?.
FT1 - 6?, ?, ?.
?. HT1 - 1Finleigh Dorans-Smith.


text:
A wild strawberry aroma for foods from a fungus growing on fruit waste — ScienceDaily
The wild strawberry is even more highly prized than its store-bought cousin because of its intense aroma and uniquely sweet taste. However, they're hard to find in the wild, so some companies make synthetic versions of this flavor. Now, researchers reporting in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry have come up with a naturally derived wild strawberry aroma by having an edible fungus make it from waste from black currant juice production.
Often found in forests, wild strawberries are smaller than cultivated varieties, but they're bursting with flavor. And between their rarity and size, it's expensive to get a natural wild strawberry flavor — the combination of their distinct aroma and taste — into foods. Interestingly, some species of fungi are adept at converting plant material into pleasant odor compounds, including vanillin, raspberry ketone and benzaldehyde, an almond-like odor. One particular edible brown-rot fungus, Wolfiporia cocos, can break down a variety of foods, even tea and carrot peels, and release fruity and floral aromas in the process. An abundant and nutrient-rich substrate for the fungus could come from the black currant juice industry, which produces a lot of pulp, seed and skins — waste known as pomace — that is usually thrown away. So, Holger Zorn and colleagues wanted to grow W. cocos on pomace from black currants and tweak the conditions to naturally produce the unique aroma associated with wild strawberries, which is highly desired by the food industry.
The researchers initially grew W. cocos with black currant pomace as the fungus' sole source of nutrition, which resulted in fruity and floral aromas. When then the team added ammonium nitrate, sodium L-aspartate monohydrate, monopotassium phosphate and a few other substances to the medium, the culture released an aroma similar to wild strawberries. To pinpoint the exact compounds that contributed to the scent, the researchers used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O) and 10 trained panelists. The most intense odors that the sensory panel perceived were (R)-linalool, methyl anthranilate, geraniol and 2-aminobenzaldehyde. The researchers then combined artificial versions of these four compounds into a model wild strawberry smell and found that the sensory experts rated it as being very similar to the wild strawberry-like odor from the cultivated fungus. So, by growing W. cocos on food waste, the researchers say they've developed a sustainable and cost-effective way to produce an aroma that could be used industrially in a natural flavoring agent.
The authors acknowledge funding from the Hessian initiative for scientific and economical excellence (LOEWE) within the Hessian Ministry of Higher Education, Research and the Arts.
Story Source:
Materials provided by American Chemical Society. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We will now go over several types of sales interview closes. After the closes, we will go over our sales rep interview tips.
1) The Summary sales interview close. This is a traditional and safe close. You basically reiterate the 3-5 compelling requirements the interviewer gave you (when you asked) and provide a brief parallel to YOUR qualifications, showing that you meet or EXCEED the requirements. You then ask about the next step in the interview process. You must close and indicate your interest in the opportunity. You must reiterate your unique qualifications for the position or, YOU WON'T BE CALLED BACK!
"Mr. Jones, before I leave, I would like to thank you for your time and the information you shared. Based on your companies need for a stable, over-quota performer and a promotable type, I offer my own track record: 6 years with my current company, National Club all 5 years and two subsequent promotions as evidence that I'm the person for your East side territory—how do we proceed from here?"
"Before I leave, Mr. Jones, I have two important questions: When do I start and where do I hang my hat?" A bit of humor, a lighthearted demeanor and a definite acknowledgment of your strong interest in the unoffered position. Be careful with this close if the interviewer has not shown a sense of humor.
3) Two-step sales interview close. This is the best close. "Mr. Jones, before I leave your office, I have a question: Is there anything that would prevent me from progressing in the interview process? "
(You most likely will receive a courtesy answer.) Likely the answer will be, "No there is not". On the unlikely chance that a concern is raised, you have a chance to overcome the objection. If the answer is 'No', you proceed to your real close. You've just painted the interviewer into a corner with your positioning question—he has just indicated that there are no concerns about your abilities to do the job. Now, you nail it down: "Then, I have your approval to proceed to a second interview? Can we calendar that right now?" Or, "So, when can I expect a call to set up the next interview?" Or, "Who will the next interview be with?"
The great thing about this last close is that you use the interviewer's courtesy close and polite refusal to share concerns as the launch pad to your close. You take a possible negative and turn it into your reason for getting the position!
You need to always be closing. Treat your sales job interview like any other sales call. Listen carefully, overcome any objections, and close throughout the interview. If you can get the interviewer to picture you successfully performing the position, you've closed.
Hopefully these sales interview closes have helped you. It is important to customize the answers to your specific background and experience.
We will now go over the sales rep interview tips.
Knowing how to answer sales interview questions is very important. Also important is to utilize all of the resources that you can in your job search.
If you have comments about the sales interview closes, please contact us. For additional sales rep interview tips, please write to us.


Pond netting is sometimes needed when excessive leaves have the potential of making their way into the pond. If your pond is in the direct vicinity of large trees then you will want to consider netting your pond. In the Augusta (GA), and Columbia (SC) area this needs to be done before the first frost or usually sometime in October. Fall netting is an easy process. A net is stretched across the pond and anchored with rocks and/or pins. It is best not to have the net resting on the water surface since it will be difficult to remove with all the debris on it. Once all the leaves have fallen then the net is removed for the winter.
In the Fall your pond plants are thriving from their summer growth. However, soon the winter freezes will cause all that beautiful lush foliage to turn brown and ugly. If left unattended to this foliage will die and fall into the pond causing excessive mess and eventual cleanup in the Spring. Therefore, we recommend pruning all pond plants to within 1 inch of the water surface. In the Augusta areas this process should be performed after the first frost or sometime in November..


Regardless of the inspiration behind these two tunes, it's safe to say that if you're looking for your own chart-topper or an addition to your greatest hits album, maybe you should check out this guitar riff. Vocally the songs stray, but tuning that out, Pearl Jam's "Even Flow" is a quicker-paced version of Soundgarden's "Hands All Over." Both songs were some of the bands' biggest hits and featured on their greatest hits albums. This is solid '90s rock, leading me to think Pearl Jam was just jamming out to Soundgarden when they graced us with this song – there's only a two year difference in release dates. What do you think?


This is very effective and engaging mapping style for metrics such as sales volumes, branch/ATM/transaction activity levels per postcode, and the location/amount of stock.
The maps shown here are interactive, the viewer can zoom in to examine particular suburbs, or zoom out to get an appreciation of the bigger picture.
The maps can be viewed in a "space shuttle" viewing mode, or one can literally fly up and down the coastline inspecting metrics, behind the controls of an F16 "Viper" flight simulator complete with joystick controls. This literally adds a whole new dimension to viewing data, and makes the process far more engaging than pie charts and tables of figures.


text:
AutoMatters & More: December Nights 2018 in Balboa Park
Balboa Park December Nights logo Courtesy
Balboa Park is a San Diego treasure and a United States National Historic Landmark. In 1915 it was the site of the Panama-California Exposition.
Today visitors enjoy its lush, beautiful grounds, featuring an incredible variety of vegetation. More than 17 museums celebrate the arts, aviation and aerospace, photography, trains, botany, archaeology, automobiles, history, science, technology and much more, stretching from the San Diego Air & Space museum, past the International Cottages and the Spreckels Organ Pavilion, over to the Plaza de Panama, along the El Prado past the Botanical Garden, around the iconic Bea Evenson Fountain (which is in front of the Fleet Science Center), over to the Spanish Village Art Center and all the way to the world famous San Diego Zoo. Whew! Performing arts groups that call Balboa Park home include live theater, music, ballet, heritage dancing and singing.
House of Scotland Pipe Band & Beret Dernbach Jan Wagner
Imagine, then, what an absolute treat it is to enjoy Balboa Park, including many of its museums with free general admission, during a park-wide festival for two incredible days on the first weekend every December. 2018 marked the 41st "December Nights" – an international, multicultural celebration of the holiday season.
Understandably, the size of the crowds on December Nights is immense, and yet the park is so large and there is so much to see and do that the only time one really notices the size of the crowds is when moving from activity to activity, and museum to museum.
Paella prepared by the House of Spain in Balboa Park. Jan Wagner
Those who have been to December Nights know that many of the feature performances return to entertain audiences year after year. My favorites include the San Diego Civic Youth Ballet's breathtaking performance of excerpts from "The Nutcracker Suite." For me, that alone would merit a trip to Balboa Park, and yet that is just a tiny sliver of all there is to see and do. Oh, and I must add that there are some things at December Nights that are normally not found in the park, including a large midway with rides and carnival games, and foods from around the world. Of these, my favorite is the authentic paella, carefully prepared in large pans and served by the House of Spain – one of several international houses on the grounds of Balboa Park
Two days is not nearly enough time to see and do everything, so I try to do my must-sees first – including "The Nutcracker Suite," and then I just stroll through the park, stopping wherever and whenever something captures my attention.
Glass-blown Christmas ornament in the Spanish Village Art Center. Jan Wagner
This year I was attracted to the sounds of Scottish bagpipes and drums emanating from the vicinity of the international cottages. Those sounds kept getting louder and louder, until soon I realized that the musicians were on their way to their performance at the nearby Spreckels Organ Pavilion. I followed them in and found a seat near the front.
The Spreckels Organ Pavilion is where visitors can listen to music played on the largest outdoor organ in the world, which contains more than 5,000 pipes. On December Nights a gigantic, lit Christmas tree shares the stage with that organ, and various performers take the stage in front of them.
The music of the House of Scotland Pipe Band's bagpipes and Scottish drums were projected powerfully forward. Several of their songs accompanied performances by Beret Dernbach, the 2018 winner of the Juvenile Division of the World Highland Dancing Championship at the Cowal Highland Gathering in Dunoon, Scotland – the largest, most spectacular Highland games, dating back to 1894 (visit www.cowalgathering.com). The band practices in the park every Monday night.
Palisades Midway Carnival Jan Wagner
The Del Cerro Baptist Choir continued a 35-year tradition with their performance of "The Christmas Story Tree," narrating the biblical story of Christmas through song and "still" dramatic scenes, revealed on a stage within the tree in the Organ Pavilion.
In the Spanish Village Art Center, we observed superheated glass being blown into multi-colored Christmas tree ornaments. The Fleet Science Center presented multiple hands-on science demonstrations and live science shows, including one about electricity that made people's hair stand on end!
The Bon Temps Social Club presentation of music to dance and listen to, on the "Gator by the Bay" stage in the Plaza de Panama, was like Mardi Gras in Louisiana, complete with bead necklaces being tossed out to the revelers.
To learn more about San Diego's Balboa Park, visit www.balboapark.org. For additional photos of December Nights, visit www.drivetribe.com and enter "AutoMatters & More #569" in their search bar. As always, send your comments and suggestions to AutoMatters@gmail.com.


text:
Q: Update table in Dexie I try to update a field named "Type" in indexedDB with Dexie
    var db = new Dexie("Commande");

    db.version(1).stores({
    commande: "++id,idClient,nomClient,idInterne,statut,Type"
    });

    db.commande.where("id").equals(getId).modify({Type: "Multi"});

I try this also :
db.commande.where("id").equals(getId).modify(function(value) {
this.value = new commande({Type: "Multi"});
});

And also that :
db.commande.update(getId, {Type: "Multi"});

My field "Type" is never updated :(
Someone can help me about that ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Frequently Asked Questions about rec.arts.tv.soaps.
This FAQ about rec.arts.tv.soaps was compiled and written by Margaret D. Gibbs gibbsm@ll.mit.edu with numerous contributions by others.
compilation copyright 1994-1999, Margaret D. Gibbs. Use and copying of this information are permitted as long as (1) no fees or compensation are charged for use, copies or access to this information, and (2) this copyright notice is included intact.
14. Is there an ftp archive for rec.arts.tv.soaps. from which I can retrieve past posts?
19. Do the soap writers/actors read rec.arts.tv.soaps?


text:
Netherlands Eerste Divisie – Injuries & Suspensions
ADO Den Haag vs TOP Oss
Out (injuries/other): –
Suspended: –
Jong AZ Alkmaar
Jong Utrecht
SC Telstar
SBV Excelsior
Roda Kerkrade
Out (injuries/other): Buyl (2/1 f), Velecky (0/0 m), Dogan (9/0 f), Mathieu (17/4 m, 2nd top scorer), Leidsman (9/0 f)
ADO Den Haag2 - 0(0 - 0)TOP Oss
TOP Oss3 - 3(2 - 2)ADO Den Haag
2 ADO Den Haag
18 TOP Oss
21 4 6 11 23 35 18 10 2 4 4 14 17 10 11 2 2 7 9 18 8
1 FC Volendam
3 SBV Excelsior
4 Jong Ajax
5 FC Emmen
6 Roda Kerkrade
7 De Graafschap
8 FC Eindhoven
9 NAC Breda
10 Jong PSV
11 VVV Venlo
12 FC Den Bosch
13 SC Telstar
14 MVV Maastricht
15 Jong AZ Alkmaar
16 Jong Utrecht
17 Helmond Sport
19 Almere City FC
20 FC Dordrecht
21 13 3 5 32 15 42 9 6 0 3 17 6 18 12 7 3 2 15 9 24
22 8 2 12 26 33 26 12 5 1 6 17 19 16 10 3 1 6 9 14 10
22 6 4 12 24 39 22 11 3 0 8 9 21 9 11 3 4 4 15 18 13
22 4 5 13 34 52 17 11 2 2 7 17 26 8 11 2 3 6 17 26 9
The season is divided into four periods (rounds 1-9, rounds 10-18, rounds 19-27, rounds 28-36). Period winners qualify for Play-off. The best placed teams that are not promoted and are not period winners and 16th club from Eredivisie enter the Play-off.
3. Play-off.


text:
St Michael's Church of England High School (formerly known as Manor High School) is a secondary school and sixth form located in Crosby, Merseyside, England. The school's missionary statement is: We will ensure that each individual is valued and achieves success within a caring Christian community.

Facilities at the school include five computer rooms (140 computers in total), a lot of interactive whiteboards, a school farm, a science department, a sports hall and a gym. There is also a sixth form for students wishing to study A-Levels. The 2022 OFSTED result was 'requires improvement'. Aspects were 'good' apart from 'leadership and management', and 'quality of teaching'. There is now an Executive Head in place, Mrs S. Aspinwall.

History
Reports in 1973 noted that the school was "underused", whereby in contrast the nearby Chesterfield High School was overcrowded. A decision was reached by the council's education committee that local primary school St. Thomas's should instead be a feeder for Manor High School to balance the load more evenly. Due to vandalism, the education committee pressed for expediency on a caretaker's house to be built on the school site.

A council report in February 1989 highlighted that areas of the school's building was in "urgent need of repair", including poorly fitted and rusted window frames, inadequate external lighting and a heating system which was not effective. The Director of Education John Marsden noted that the local authority had spent considerable sums undertaking repair and maintenance work at the school, which then accommodated around 715 pupils. The school came under criticism in June 1989 after cancelling a planned play of Our Day Out, citing concerns by parents who did not approve of the "bad language" and a scene which encouraged shop lifting. Playwright Willy Russell believed the language was only "staggeringly tame" and suggested that language used among students in the playground was likely to be more vulgar.

Building work
Work on a capital building project started on 26 November 2007 and finished in September 2008. During this time, the main hall was remodeled into a state-of-the art performing arts venue, the dining room facilities was extended and developed, and one of the entrance areas was renovated.

Phase One
This started in November 2007 and finished in April 2008; it included a new Main Hall, car park and entrance. This phase is complete and the school now has new media centre and main hall with a new floor, stage, lighting and stage curtains. The hall also has a booth in the corner to control the lighting and sound. A new car park at the front of the school was also completed and in July 2008 was extended into a disused playground, ready for the 2008 academic year.

Phase Two
This phase started on Monday 17 March 2008 finished in September 2008. This phase included the extension to the dining room. The extension of the dining room was finished and a new front car park for the school was built, along with renovations of the old dining room.

Work was completed in October 2008 and the school now has a new Arts and Media centre, extended dining room facilities and improved access to the school. They are now renovating small areas of the school. The back of the school is getting new pavement stones put down. By 2010 the school planned to have a recording studio alongside the new main hall.

Major building work started in 2011 and finished in October 2012. This included opening the disused M block as the new sixth form learning center and humanities. Other parts of the school were changed, including all new roofing and electrics and new musical facilities. Most walls in the front were plastered and all the floors were replaced. Computer rooms received new personal computers for student use.

Parts of the school

The school is separated into five blocks joined by extremely narrow and poorly designed corridors.

P Block
P Block is on the side of the school with one side of the wall on the upper end of Manor Road. Subjects in this block include Design Technology, Food Technology, Textiles Technology, Child Development and Art. P Block is also home to the Drama Hall, which is used for assembly and (at rare occasions) to display students' art exhibitions. It also include an isolation room and pastoral support.

M Block
M Block is the three floor building near the back of the school. You can see this just above the main entrance on the picture on the right. It is used for the best Sixth Form in Sefton (on the second floor), History, Geography, Religious Studies and Modern Foreign Languages, (on the third floor) and a small dining hall (on ground floor). The dining room is also home to "student services" where students can go if they need anything.

E Block
E block is located on the far side of the school and is furthest away from the main entrance. The Year 9 & 10 & 11 office is in there. Subjects in the block include English, Mathematics, Information Communication Technology (ICT), Business Studies and Music. E block is also home to the library where students can go at break and lunch to complete homework, which opened in 2003. Also in E block are the new main hall, recording studio and media centre. E block is home to the dyslexic unit, learning support unit and the autism (ASC) base, all places are where SEN students can go for help and support with their work. It also has an isolation room.

S Block
S Block is specifically designed to teach Science, but theory animal care is also taught in there. The Year 7 & 8 office is in there. It is the newest block. The previous science block was completely destroyed in an arson attack in March 1994, started by 19-year-old Andrea Blundell who was suffering with paranoia. The cost of the damage was estimated around £1.5 million.

P.E. Block
The P.E. Block is at the right-centre of the school, while the sports hall was built on to E block when the girls school converted to a comprehensive school. The gym (which is just a big empty hall) was part of the original building, along with one set of changing rooms; those next to the sports hall were also an addition to E Block. There are offices for P.E. teachers and store rooms for equipment. Upstairs to this the is a P.E. classroom, a chapel and another changing room.

International links
The school works with the Waterloo Partnership, a local charity, by donating items such as clothes, stationery and toiletries to Peninsular Secondary School in Waterloo, Sierra Leone. In February 2007, a teacher from the school, along with other delegates from local schools and the Partnership, visited Sierra Leone. A major part of the visit was devoted to undertaking teaching in schools.

Notable former pupils
 Martyn Andrews – TV presenter, journalist and singer (previously Andrew Martin)
 Craig Phillips – winner of the first series of reality television show Big Brother

References

External links
 School website

Secondary schools in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton
Church of England secondary schools in the Diocese of Liverpool
Academies in the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton
Crosby, Merseyside

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
FY2010
NIH RePORTER
NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts
OppNet has multiple active funding opportunities that focus on basic social, behavioral, and biopsychosocial sciences to advance the understanding of fundamental mechanisms and patterns of behavioral and social functioning, relevant to the Nation's health and wellbeing, and as they interact with each other, with biology, and with the environment. Consequently, OppNet does not issue funding opportunity announcements (FOAs) that directly involve intervention studies. Check each FOA for the NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices participating in that OppNet FOA.
Mid-career enhancement awards to integrate basic behavioral, biomedical, and/or social scientific processes (K18)
These career-development FOAs are designed for investigators who want to acquire expertise that is beyond and also enhances their current areas of scientific expertise—specifically, to expand their research trajectories through the acquisition of new knowledge and skills in the areas of basic psychological processes, sociological processes, and/or biomedical pathways. OppNet K18s can support a variety of career development experiences and projects that will lead awardees to conduct future independent research projects that more thoroughly integrate interrelationships among behavioral, biological, endocrine, epigenetic, immune, inflammatory, neurological, psychological, and/or social processes. Check our Answers to frequently asked questions, List of funded OppNet K18 projects, and the FOAs for more information.
PAR-20-226: Mid-career enhancement awards to integrate basic behavioral, biomedical, and/or social scientific processes (K18, Basic experimental studies with humans required, BESH)
PAR-20-211: Mid-career enhancement awards to integrate basic behavioral, biomedical, and/or social scientific processes (K18, No independent clinical trials)
Research on biopsychosocial factors of social connectedness and isolation on health, wellbeing, illness, and recovery (R01)
These FOAs invite research projects that seek to explain the underlying mechanisms, processes, and trajectories of social relationships and how these factors affect outcomes in health, illness, recovery, and overall wellbeing. Both animal and human subjects research projects are welcome through PAR-19-373. Researchers should consider PAR-19-384 for studies that prospectively assign human participants to conditions (i.e., experimentally manipulate independent variables) and that assess biomedical and/or behavioral outcomes in humans to understand fundamental aspects of phenomena related to social connectedness and isolatedness.
PAR-19-373: Research on biopsychosocial factors of social connectedness and isolation on health, wellbeing, illness, and recovery (R01, Clinical trials not allowed, CTNA)
PAR-19-384: Research on biopsychosocial factors of social connectedness and isolation on health, wellbeing, illness, and recovery (R01, Basic experimental studies with humans required, BESH)
More information on OppNet funding opportunities
OppNet acknowledges that disease-, risk-, and wellness-contexts can provide opportunities to study basic behavioral or social processes, basic biobehavioral or biosocial interrelationships, or methodology and measurement relevant to the NIH definition of basic behavioral and social science research (b-BSSR). Given the NIH mission, OppNet funding opportunities welcome applications that propose projects in a broad variety of settings, including general population and clinical samples. Projects also can include disease (or risk-factor) outcomes, so long as the focus of a study is on basic behavioral or social processes, basic biobehavioral or biosocial interrelationships, or methodology and measurement relevant to BSSR research.
Consequently, OppNet strongly encourages interested researchers to consult the bBSSR and BSSR definitions and the scientific contacts listed on OppNet FOAs before deciding to apply.
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The Drillers are looking to win their record 37th valley championship and the Grizzlies are looking for their 1st valley championship.
Navonte Demison scored on a 48 yard TD run and caught 2 TD passes from Josh Maran. Maran went 14-17 for 268 yards and 3 TD's. Justin McGill caught 4 passes for 139 yards, including a 70-yard touchdown.
Trent Tompkins hit Malik White on a 24 TD pass in overtime for the game winner.
Tompkins threw for 219 yards and 3 TD passes.
The Grizzlies defense going against the Drillers offense.
The Drillers have had more injuries than any other team and head coach Paul Golla and his staff are playing on championship night. Pretty amazing! Matt Johnson at Edison has had zero QB play all year long and the Drillers have 3 very good ones with Josh Moran, Cam Williams and Caden Ochoa.
QB Josh Maran is back from a broken collarbone and hasn't missed a beat.
What makes the young Drillers so dangerous is they can throw the ball to go along with the triple option. Last week the Drillers went 19 of 25 passing for 372 yards. Usually, the defense will focus so hard on their assignments of stopping the triple option and now the Driller can also throw it….
The Drillers defense is a gambling defense and they will take chances sometimes with cover zero and man to man coverage in your face defense. Just like Central's defense.
Central's sophomore QB Trent Tompkins has thrown for 2,961 yards and 35 TD's. Trent will throw some flat footed and will take many chances by throwing it up and letting the receivers go get it with Jacob Torrez and White. The big reason why Central has won 11 straight games is Tompkins is a gunslinger. One thing that Tompkins will do is he will stand in the pocket and take a hit after the throw and not miss a beat. Trent will not get rattled and that's huge!! It will hurt not having the dangerous Jaylon Johnson in the lineup for the Grizzlies. Tompkins is a big play QB and loves to throw deep.
The Drillers defense is very close to the Edison defense and they will put pressure on Tompkins with plenty of speed.
The Grizzlies running game is not a good one and will RB Diotry Brewer play? Who knows and the better running back might just be sophomore Austin Bebout who runs downhill. Sometimes Brewer will dance through the hole but not Bebout. A star will be born soon with Bebout and he might just be the game changer?
The Drillers defense is tough to figure out if you have never played against them. They have one down lineman and the rest are jumping up and down sometimes 2 yards down field. For the Grizzlies offensive line you just never know who to block.
This game will come down to the big play because both teams have scored on longer TD plays than any other team around.
This is speed vs speed. The Grizzlies are bigger up front and both teams will play man to man defense with plenty of pressure.
I can see a shootout or I can see a low scoring game. There are sooo many factors but this should be a great game! Both teams have been known for turnovers and plenty of penalties.
The Drillers are looking for their 37th valley championship win. Last won the valley in 2013.
The Grizzlies looking for their 1st valley championship win in school history. Last played in the championship game in 2012.
It's amazing that Central has never won the valley with more students than any school in the valley.
The Pag Meter had the Central Grizzlies No 1 on July 4th but they stumbled losing to Bullard in week 1. They got back to the No 1 spot in Week 3.
The Pag Meter said on July 4th if the Drillers could run their dangerous triple option back again in 2016 they would be playing on Championship night. You guessed it, the Drillers are running the triple option again.
Paul Golla, won his 5th title in 12 years at BHS.
Central scored first when Trent Tompkins hit Malik White on a 8 yard TD pass and it was 7-0 Central at the half.
Bakersfield, Shane Jones scores on a 3 yard TD run to tie it up. Josh Maran scores on a 2 yard TD run to make the scored 14-7 Drillers.
Central, Jevon Bigelow breaks off a run for an 80 yard TD.
The epic matchup of the back to back division 2 champions vs the No 1 team.
Tom Flores stadium will be rocking before, during and after the game.
To all the Ridgeview fans…..get there by 5pm or you might not get a good seat because Apache nation will take over the entire stadium by 5:30.
The Wolf Pack took a 33-0 lead heading into the 4th quarter before they shut it down.
Jamar Moya rushed for 129 yards and scored 3 TD's including TD runs of 34, 33 and 17 yards. Alijah Alexander-Williams rushed for 136 yards and scored 2 TD's.
The Wildcats just found out that the CMAC is way over their heads. This was a complete miss match.
The game was pretty much over on the kickoff when Sunnyside fumbled and Jalen Cropper picked it up and went 22 yards for a TD. Cropper wasn't finished as he picked off a pass and went back 37 yards for a TD. Cropper also scored on 2 TD runs of 60 and 50 yards.
The Wolf Pack defense and how will they slow down the Apaches machine? The Wolf Pack defense up front is big and fast and leading the way is one of the best in the valley with Ricky Leung-Wai. Ricky who is almost unblockable.
Sanger is so good but if you look at the schedule it's not the toughest and that is too bad because the Apaches might just be the best team in the valley.
If Sanger wins and Bakersfield beats Central…..Sanger could be No 1 team on the Pag Meter because Sanger beat Bullard and Bullard beat Central.
Ridgeview looks like Edison on both sides of the ball without the passing game. Usually Ridgeview doesn't need to throw it with the speedy offense running over everybody.
Ridgeview is big ,fast and physical. Sanger is smaller, fast and physical.
The big difference is Sanger can throw the ball in 2016. For years Sanger hated to throw the ball but this year Sanger has changed it up and you just never know when the pass is coming. It makes the Apaches very dangerous. QB Jacob Tijerina does a nice job with the play action pass. For years Sanger was so good with the triple option but did not know how to throw the ball. The Pag Meter had always said until Sanger learns that the overhand pass is legal…Sanger has zero chance to ever win the big game again. Sanger would face a defense that was so good against the run and they would lose.
The Apaches offensive line is so good with Nick Steele leading the way. The Apaches have so many weapons on offense with Jalen Cropper, Andrew Azua, Christian Graney and WR Aaron Mosby.
The Sanger defense might just be the best in school history with the best linebacking combo in the valley with Miguel Garcia, Josh Garza, Adrian Valencia and Josiah Arreloa. They have been playing together since the 4th grade. The secondary is by far the best in school history.
The Wolf Pack will bring in a healthy Jamar Moya who is lightning with ball in his hands along with RB Ty Johnson, Jaylen Prevost and Alijah Alexander-Williams. Wait until you see 200lb freshman Alexander-Williams…A star will be born!
This game comes down to who can win the line of scrimmage battle? Both teams have being playing with a running clock in the 2nd half for most of the year. The 4th quarter could be exciting!
Both coaching staffs are two of the best.
Dennis Manning and his staff have done a remarkable job getting the Pack back to the game with kids quitting, kids getting kicked off the team and injuries. A masterful job! Manning is 80-26 in 8 years.
For Sanger It's Tom Flores stadium but it is Chuck Shidan field! Shidan is 202-109 in 27 years. Sanger is looking for the 1st undefeated season ever.
The Wolf Pack are the back to back Champions and playing in their 6th championship game in a row. WOW!! The Wolf Pack have won 3 section Championships.
The Pag Meter had Sanger at No 1 on July 4th and Ridgeview at No 2. The Wolfpack stumbled with many problems but are back. Sanger has gone wire to wire.
The Eagles have won 11 straight and the offense is on fire and TW has played streaky for most of the year.
Tulare Western is bringing half the school and there could be more fans for TW than BC. Stay tuned on that one.
The Mustangs defense held Jordan Perryman to 62 yards rushing yards and TW steam rolled the Bullpups. 347 total yards by the Mustangs and 165 yards for the Bullpups.
QB Braden Wingle was outstanding and threw for a career-high 485 yards and 5 touchdowns. Jeremiah Foster caught 9 passes for 164 yards and 3 touchdowns.
This is another game that everybody is saying that the Eagles are a slam dunk winner but not so fast my friend. My friend …the Pag Meter was wrong!
The Mustangs are a streaky team and right now the streak is a hot one. TW has played the tougher schedule and for TW to have a great bus ride home, they have to play physical Mustangs football and come in with a attitude. TW has to force turnovers and come up with the big play. BC is not a physical football team so TW needs to come and lay the leather and make a statement early. They did not.
TW can't look at the BC vs SJM game film. Throw that away because it is garbage. TW needs to look at the Chavez, Wasco and Tehachapi game film vs BC because they did a pretty good job against the BC passing offense.
Everybody says ….Just look what Tulare Union did to Tulare Western's defense. Yes TU offense can do it all but the big difference is the Eagles don't have a Kazmeir Allen running in the backfield.
Make no mistake about it Wingle wants to throw it. Zero chance that he wants to run so TW must go after the 6-5, 200 lb junior and make him uncomfortable in the pocket. Wingle has a quick delivery that makes him tough to sack and that's where it gets tricky. Wingle's receivers are very good with Jerimiah Foster who has 81 catches, 1,549 receiving yards, 19 TDs and Stephen Figures with 53 receptions, 821 yards, 7 TDs. Hey Fresno State ……..You better look at the kid who will break all the records…Braden Wingle!
How will the BC defense try to slow down QB Andre Aguilar who has thrown for 2,187 yards and ran for 982 yards. Don't forget RB David Alcantar and a bunch of very good receivers? That is another huge question that could get the Mustangs their first section title ring. BC defense did a great job!
If Wingle sits in the pocket and this game turns into a 7 vs 7 like summer football then BC will crush TW. It turned into a 7 vs 7 and Wingle picked TW apart.
TW head coach Ryan Rocha and his staff has turned the TW program around and will be looking to win their 1st section championship in school history. The Mustangs played on championship night in the division 2 game in 2004.
The Eagles head coach Darren Carr and his staff has the Eagles ready for a long run with talent rolling in. The Eagles have won 3 section championships and the last one was in 2012 winning the division 4 section title.
The Pag Meter had Hanford at No 1 on July 4th and Tulare Western at No 2. The Pag Meter had BC at No 4 to start the year so I missed out on the Eagles early.
The Pag Meter blew this upset pick. It's official ….the Eagles are really good!
Everybody has been looking at this matchup since week 1 and it is going to happen.
Selma will be a packed stadium!
*Chowchilla beat Golden West in a wild one 26-24.
On the game's final play, Cody Woolsey passes to Damon Perry, who laterals to Ronnie Reyes before getting tackled, and Reyes carries a defender the final 5 yards of a 6-yard touchdown pass. Asa Shields rushed for 114 yards. Ronnie Reyes scored 3 TD's.
*Selma beat Chavez 35-3. Tiveon Stroud scored on runs of 32 and 35 yards and Abraham Rangel and Joel Aranda came up with a pair of big defensive stops.
The Bears have a better passing game than the Redskins. The Bears can pound it with Jordan Dominguez or spread it out and throw it with QB Junior Ramirez.
The Redskins will pound it with Ronnie Reyes and Asa Shields.
The key for the Redskins to repeat is ball control and work the clock.
Both defenses are tremendous and very physical. I see this game close at the half and the key will be the 3rd quarter because the Bears have been knocking teams out in the 3rd quarter. The Redskins want to have a chance with 5 minutes to go and all bets are off if that happens.
The Redskins have won 6 section championships and are the defending champions.
The Bears have won 3 section championships and last went 13-0 and last won the section in 1980.
The Pag Meter had Selma No 1 on July 4th and Chowchilla at No 2 so I got to stick with that.
This is the Battle for 33 rematch from week 8 and Mendota won the game 58-20. Firebaugh jumped out 14-0 and then the Aztecs woke up and crushed the Eagles. Marquez Navarro fired up the Aztecs when ran back 96-yards for a touchdown. QB Junior Cardenas threw 4 touchdown passes and the route was on.
* Mendota beat Sierra 50-14. QB Junior Cardenas threw 4 TD passes and went 12-14 for 287 yards. Fabian Jasso had 7 catches for 181 yards. Marquez Navarro's scored on 18 and 55 yard TD runs.
The Eagles defense and can they hang with the Aztecs offense?
The bottom line and the scoop is this is not a good match up for the Eagles. The Aztecs are much more physical than the Eagles up front. The Aztecs on the fieldturf are a dominant team and the Eagles will need a bunch of turnovers to pull this out.
Can the Eagles slow down the wide receivers led by Junior Cardenas cousin Julian Cardenas and Fabian Jasso?
The Eagles won their only Section Championship in 1994.
The Pag Meter had Mendota the No 1 team way back on July 4th and they are looking to go wire to wire and had Firebaugh at No 3.
This is the rematch from week 8 and Strathmore won the game 42-28. Joseph Garcia rushed for 235 yards and scored 6 touchdowns in the win. Head coach Jeromy Blackwell got his 100th career win that night.
*Sierra Pacific beat Kennedy and the back to back champions 41-21. Phillips Jackson returned the opening kickoff for a touchdown. Miguel Wharton scored 3 touchdowns and rushed for 184 yards. QB Will Springer threw 2 touchdown passes to Hayden Costa.
Joseph Garcia rushed for 185 yards and scored 3 touchdowns. Nick Salas threw a 24-yard go-ahead touchdown to Amando Rodriguez.
The Golden Bears defense and can they slow down Garcia? Not a chance. Rushed for 300 yards!!!!!
As you know Garcia rushed for 235 yards and scored 6 TD's in week 8. So it's pretty simple, if the Golden Bears can win the battle on the line of scrimmage then the G Bears win the game. If not the Spartans are 13-0. The Spartans offensive line and Garcia have been crushing everybody in their way and by the way the Spartans defense is very good.
The other X factor is Sierra Pacific running back Miguel Wharton is healthy and when healthy the Golden Bears are a dangerous team.
Extra incentive for Strathmore because they have never finished with an undefeated season. Strathmore first started playing football in 1920 and they have won 3 section championships and the last won the section in 2009.
The Golden Bears are looking to win their 1st section championship in the young school history.
The Pag Meter had the Sierra Pacific Golden Bears the No 1 team on July 4th so I got to stick with them on December 2nd.
The debate is over. This football team is the best team Strathmore has ever had!


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Home / Sports / VB meets high expectations in tough conference
VB meets high expectations in tough conference
By Martha Hall on October 13, 2009
Alex Entz/Senior Writer
With a cautious eye to the past, the 2009 women's volleyball team is looking to repeat the success of past years. The team has finished first or tied for first in their pools in all but one tournament.
This year's team wrestles with with the high expectations levied upon them by past teams.
"I think they have expectations to be like those teams (that made it deep into the state tournament," head coach Matt Flaherty said. "I think this year we worry about being like them or as good as them and don't focus on our adjustments and learning from our mistakes."
Senior Keeley Orvis also said she believes that the expectations for this year's team have shaped the team, but in a more positive way.
"I think we've done very well with [the expectations.] I think we have proven this season to ourselves and our fans that we should be held to high expectations," Orvis said.
Senior Sarah Korte concurred, saying, "We have high expectations for ourselves as a team. We know what we have to do to get the job done in our tough conference."
To try to diminish the effect those expectations have had, Flaherty has been drilling several key points during practices.
"I'm stressing the little things that we learned years ago," he said. "Mistakes happen, and they account for 85 percent of all points in volleyball."
Korte pointed out a few other things the team has been working on.
"We do a lot of defensive drills," she said. "Mostly, we are focusing on not getting down on ourselves," she said.
Despite the early success the team has had, Flaherty said he believes the team still has a lot of work to do.
"[They need to] improve their ability to take care of volleyball 101—the basic fundamentals," Flaherty said. "The basics should be a constant and somewhere along the way we forget about them in game situations," he said.
Orvis noted another way the team needs to improve.
"We need to work on letting little mistakes go," Orvis said.
Korte added that, "We sometimes tend to let the mental errors build up."
Nevertheless, the team's positives heavily outweigh their tendencies to dwell on their miscues, as reflected by their strong record.
"We are really good at the fundamentals, and because of that we can run tough plays," Orvis said.
"We are good at communication and teamwork," Flaherty said. "We are also a really good blocking team when we get set and find our hitters," he said.
The team attributes some of its teamwork and ability to its strong feeling of togetherness.
"We have all been playing together since summer, and all of us have the same goal in mind while playing," Korte said.
Orvis agreed that the team meshes well together. "So far we have all gotten really close; there aren't very many of us, so it is easy to get to know each other," she said.
"We all get along and work really well together," senior Alex Judisch added.
Part of the reason the team has been tough to beat at home is the home crowd, which had been turning out in unprecedented numbers early in the year.
"Every game that we've played at home has been awesome," Judisch said. "All of the people that come to support us really get us pumped up."
As the team goes forward, Flaherty and the team have set forth a number of goals that they want to accomplish.
"[We want to] finish with a winning record in the conference, have more wins than last year and making State is always a goal," he said.
Both Orvis and Korte mentioned wanting to come into a tournament as an underdog and knocking off a team that they are not expected to beat.
The next volleyball match is tonight. The Tigers will travel to Waterloo East to battle the Trojans at 5:30 p.m.
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The idea behind the t-shirt was to highlight and bring attention to The AIDS Memorial on Instagram: Stories of Love, Loss & Remembrance. When we began working with The AIDS Memorial and had been discussing what charity our first t-shirt would support, we were discussing homelessness and it seemed a natural to support Housing Works.
Our first collaborative t-shirt with The AIDS Memorial on Instagram was created by Zach Grear. $10 from each t-shirt sale is donated to Housing Works to support its fight for funding and legislation to ensure that all people living with HIV/AIDS have access to quality housing, healthcare, HIV prevention, and treatment, among other lifesaving services and its efforts to end the AIDS epidemic nationally by 2025.
We are also offering a 1" round pin, of which all proceeds from online orders will be donated to Housing Works.


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Even the Tories can't stomach Boris Johnson's latest 'damaging' brainwave
Tracy Keeling
What a new prime minister does to make their mark on government speaks volumes about their priorities. And, like Theresa May before him, Boris Johnson is apparently planning to scrap a government department in this political equivalent of a dog pissing up a lamp post.
His choice of department, however, is drawing criticism from former Tory ministers. That's how bad it is.
Poor people? Pah!
According to numerous reports, Johnson is planning on scrapping the Department for International Development (DfID). This is the department responsible for Britain's foreign aid; the part of government that helps to support the world's impoverished communities and worthwhile causes. The Independent says it's going to be "swallowed up" by the Foreign Office under the new regime. Any move to do so chimes with remarks Johnson made earlier this year, when he said:
If 'Global Britain' is going to achieve its full and massive potential then we must bring DfID to the FCO.
Speaking to the Financial Times, Johnson also commented:
We can't keep spending huge sums of British taxpayers' money as though we were some independent Scandinavian NGO [non-governmental organisation].
Terrible move
The possible move to demote aid has drawn criticism from former Conservative ministers and others. Effectively reminding Johnson that the UK is not in fact an NGO but a wealthy country in a global, connected world, former international development secretary Andrew Mitchell said:
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DfID is the most effective and respected engine of development anywhere in the world, and a huge soft power asset for Britain.
Tackling insecurity and building prosperity directly affects our wellbeing in the UK. British leadership in this area is a core part of Global Britain.
Meanwhile, chief executive of Save the Children Kevin Watkins commented:
[If] reports of a potential merger of the FCO and Dfid are true this is a deeply damaging move that risks endangering the impact big-hearted Britons can have around the world.
True to form
The closing of DfID by Johnson's government shouldn't, however, come as a surprise. Home secretary Priti Patel has long argued that aid should be used to help UK trade deals and 'make allies' rather than for its intended purpose. In 2017, she even asked her then department DfID if it was possible to give aid to the Israeli military in the Golan Heights after having 14 undisclosed meetings with the country's officials. This area is occupied by Israel.
More recently, May's Conservative government used aid money to secure a "a review into Palestinian textbooks". The review gave the UK a "central role" in making sure Palestinian children only look at materials that "promote peace and tolerance" in school. These children live under a violent military occupation which arrests hundreds of them every year. But the Conservatives used aid to make them more 'tolerant', rather than taking action against those who oppress them.
So scrapping DfID isn't out of step for the Conservatives. It does, though, speak volumes about the particular direction of travel for the UK under Johnson.
Featured image via YouTube – The Telegraph
Devilstorment says:
Given that international aid is somewhat of a scam for developing countries. I'd be glad to see it gone IF we also removed the unfair trade terms and crippling debt to developing countries… which the Tories will have no interest in doing.
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themagicmancunian100 says:
We will reap what we sow. Developing countries end up developed and many will be richer and more powerful than Britain. there is a consonance between virtue and enlightened self-interest. A generous act bring generosity in return. Cynics believe generosity is a weakness and pursue their ends through power. Johnson is supposed to be a classical scholar: if he has properly conned his Sophocles, Aeschylus, Euripides, Seneca, Cicero and others, he will know that the blind pursuit of power is the handmaiden of tragedy. We should help those in need not out of calculation, but because it is right. Surprisingly, doing what is right usually ends well. This shouldn't surprise us: we are moral creatures by nature. We are thinking creatures by nature too. Try to stop yourself thinking. The only way you can try is by thinking about not thinking. Try to eliminate a sense of fairness from your mind. You can't do it because we evolved for fairness. That's why we recognise evil. Evil is to know something is wrong but to do it anyway because you believe there is advantage in it: Lady MacBeth, Raskolnikov, Iago, Regan and Goneril. In the short term, maybe. But in the long run, tragedy. Johnson is a product of that class which believes in ignoring what is right in pursuit of financial gain. And by the way, class is still the major determining factor of the way people vote. Just look at the electoral map. Almost all the Tory constituencies are places where wealth and income are above average. Surprising, eh?
Steve Topple , 16th November 2022
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Home Earthquake Study of Chilean quake shows potential for future earthquake
Study of Chilean quake shows potential for future earthquake
The Iquique earthquake took place on the northern portion of the subduction zone formed when the Nazca tectonic plate slides under the South American plate. Credit: USGS
Near real-time analysis of the April 1 earthquake in Iquique, Chile, showed that the 8.2 event occurred in a gap on the fault unruptured since 1877 and that the April event was not what the scientists had expected, according to an international team of geologists.
"We assumed that the area of the 1877 earthquake would eventually rupture, but all indications are that this 8.2 event was not the 8.8 event we were looking for," said Kevin P. Furlong, professor of geophysics, Penn State. "We looked at it to see if this was the big one."
But according to the researchers, it was not. Seismologists expect that areas of faults will react the same way over and over. However, the April earthquake was about nine times less energetic than the one in 1877 and was incapable of releasing all the stress on the fault, leaving open the possibility of another earthquake.
The Iquique earthquake took place on the northern portion of the subduction zone formed when the Nazca tectonic plate slides under the South American plate. This is one of the longest uninterrupted plate boundaries on the planet and the site of many earthquakes and volcanos. The 8.2 earthquake was foreshadowed by a systematic sequence of foreshocks recorded at 6.0, 6.5, 6.7 and 6.2 with each foreshock triggering the next until the main earthquake occurred.
These earthquakes relieved the stresses on some parts of the fault. Then the 8.2 earthquake relieved more stress, followed by a series of aftershocks in the range of 7.7. While the aftershocks did fill in some of the gaps left by the 8.2 earthquake, the large earthquake and aftershocks could not fill in the entire gap where the fault had not ruptured in a very long time. That area is unruptured and still under stress.
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The foreshocks eased some of the built up stress on 60 to 100 miles of fault, and the main shock released stress on about 155 miles, but about 155 miles of fault remain unchanged, the researchers report today (Aug. 13) in Nature.
"There can still be a big earthquake there," said Furlong. "It didn't release the total hazard, but it told us something about this large earthquake area. That an 8.8 rupture doesn't always happen."
The researchers were able to do this analysis in near real time because of the availability of large computing power and previously laid groundwork.
The computing power allowed researchers to model the fault more accurately. In the past, subduction zones were modeled as if they were on a plane, but the plate that is subducting curves underneath the other plate creating a 3-dimensional fault line. The researchers used a model that accounted for this curving and so more accurately recreated the stresses on the real geology at the fault.
"One of the things the U.S. Geological Survey and we have been doing is characterizing the major tectonic settings," said Furlong. "So when an earthquake is imminent, we don't need a lot of time for the background."
In essence, they are creating a library of information about earthquake faults and have completed the first level, a general set of information on areas such as Japan, South America and the Caribbean. Now they are creating the levels of north and south Japan or Chile, Peru and Ecuador.
Knowing where the old earthquake occurred, how large it was and how long ago it happened, the researchers could look at the foreshocks, see how much stress they relieved and anticipate, at least in a small way, what would happen.
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"This is what we need to do in the future in near real time for decision makers," said Furlong.
Note : The above story is based on materials provided by Penn State. The original article was written by A'ndrea Elyse Messer.
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NEL ASA: NEL and Uno-X to Build Hydrogen Refuelling Station Network
December 03, 2015 02:38 AM Eastern Standard Time
OSLO, Norway--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Regulatory News:
(Oslo, 3 December 2015) NEL ASA (NEL) (OSE:NEL) has signed a letter of intent with Uno-X Gruppen AS (Uno-X), part of Reitangruppen AS, for the rollout of minimum 20 hydrogen refuelling stations covering all the major cities in Norway within 2020.
"We are pleased to enter into an agreement with Reitangruppen and Uno-X for the rollout of the first commercial network of hydrogen refuelling stations in Norway. By combining Uno-X's leading retail experience and NEL´s leading hydrogen technology and competence, we will provide fuel cell electric vehicles across Norway with the same fast refuelling and long range as conventional vehicles today. In addition, we are providing a clear response to the government´s hydrogen ambitions in parallel with launch of fuel cell vehicles from key automakers", says Martin Nes, chairman of NEL.
NEL and Uno-X will establish a joint venture, owned by Uno-X and NEL with 51 % and 49 % respectively. The joint venture will build a network of hydrogen refuelling stations, where fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) can operate between all the major cities in Norway. The stations will be deployed in cities like Oslo, Bergen, Trondheim, Stavanger, Kristiansand, along with corresponding corridor locations. The target is that FCEVs can drive between the most populated cities in Norway within 2020.
The Norwegian government provides the world-class FCEV incentives, with no vehicle or value added tax, free access public transport lanes, free public parking and free passage on toll roads.
"With hydrogen in Norway being 100% renewable, it makes Norway the perfect country for the introduction of FCEVs. The national government recently announced the intention of a grant and support scheme for the rollout of hydrogen refuelling stations in Norway. The joint venture welcomes this public-private partnership model and will enter into a dialogue with the relevant governmental entities for the realization of the hydrogen network", says Nes.
"We are proud to be the first to establish a commercial network of hydrogen refuelling stations in Norway with our dedicated hydrogen partner. The world's leading car manufacturers are investing heavily in hydrogen as their preferred clean energy technology, and large scale rollout of FECVs are expected to accelerate from 2016. Uno-X aims at being in the forefront of this technology development and look forward to provide a network of hydrogen refuelling stations for our customers", says Ole Johannes Tønnessen, CEO of Uno-X Automat AS.
About NEL
NEL ASA is the first dedicated hydrogen company on the Oslo Stock Exchange. Since its foundation in 1927, NEL Hydrogen has a proud history of development and continual improvement of hydrogen plants. NEL is global a supplier of hydrogen solutions, covering the entire value chain from hydrogen production technologies to hydrogen refuelling stations for fuel cell electric vehicles. H2 Logic A/S is a leading manufacturer of H2Station® hydrogen refuelling stations that provides fuel cell electric vehicles with the same fast fuelling and long range as conventional vehicles today. www.nel-asa.com
About Reitangruppen
Reitangruppen comprises four business areas: REMA 1000, Reitan Convenience, Reitan Real Estate and the Uno-X Group. Reitangruppen is also holding 15.6 percent of Axfood. Reitan Group's head office is at Lade Gaard in Trondheim, the Reitan Group's cultural and financial center. REMA 1000 and Reitan Servicehandel has its operational center in Oslo, while Reitan Real Estate is based in Trondheim. Uno-X is based in Oslo and Copenhagen. Reitangruppen had a turnover in 2014 (including franchise sales) of 82 billion NOK, and employs 36,611 people in Scandinavia and the Baltic region. www.reitangruppen.com
About Uno-X
Uno-X Gruppen is a trading company, specialising in marketing and sale of fuels and lubricants for commercial and private customers. The group's business areas are organised in dedicated limited companies, in order to facilitate market focus, development and growth. Today, Uno-X Gruppen consists of seven financially strong and companies, four in Norway and three in Denmark. www.unox.no
This information was brought to you by Cision http://news.cision.com
Lars Christian Stugaard, +47-47-63-05-22
acting chief executive officer of NEL


How Often Do I Need to Attend Visits?
It is very important to collect information or samples at set times. In order to do this, you'll need to attend at the times and dates on the calendar given to you at screening.
Even though you are participating in a study, you are always treated as a person, not a subject. Your team gets to know you and truly cares about making your life better.


text:
Home News Briefs Carlyle to sell its majority stake in CX design engineering company PK
Carlyle to sell its majority stake in CX design engineering company PK
Concentrix will invest about $1.6 billion to acquire the company.
Chris Witkowsky
Carlyle Group is selling its majority stake in PK, a global CX design engineering company, to Concentrix Corp. Carlyle invested in PK in 2016. Concentrix will invest about $1.6 billion. PK is expected to contribute about $530 million of revenue and $85 million of adjusted Ebitda in the first full year following the acquisition, reflecting 20 percent year-over-year growth.
Concentrix Corporation (Nasdaq: CNXC), a leading global provider of customer experience (CX) services and technologies, today announced that they have reached a definitive agreement in which Concentrix would acquire PK, a leading global CX design engineering company. As part of the transaction, funds managed by Global Investment Firm Carlyle (NASDAQ: CG) will sell its majority stake in PK, after initially investing in the company in 2016. The transaction is expected to close in Concentrix' first fiscal quarter of 2022, subject to regulatory requirements and other customary closing conditions.
PK is a leading global CX digital design and engineering firm, partnering with the world's best brands to create pioneering experiences that accelerate digital outcomes for their customers, partners, and staff. With over 5,000 staff across 20 cities in four countries, PK has been recognized and awarded worldwide for designing and engineering digital experiences at scale.
This acquisition marks an evolutionary milestone for Concentrix, supporting the growth strategy of investing in digital transformation to deliver exceptional customer experiences. PK gives Concentrix the ability to scale digital capabilities faster while building excellence in key high growth areas of CX Design & Development, AI, Intelligent Automation and Customer Loyalty. With a complementary client base and similar vertical focus, PK provides attractive opportunities within core and adjacent markets. The combination of two leading providers uniquely brings together the best of digital CX solutions and services.
• Investment of approximately $1.6 billion
• Expect PK to contribute approximately $530 million of revenue and $85 million of adjusted EBITDA in the first full year following the acquisition, reflecting 20% year-over-year growth for PK
• Transaction expected to be financed primarily through additional bank debt borrowings under amended credit facility
• Net leverage expected to be 2.5x at close on a trailing twelve-month pro forma basis. Concentrix expects to reduce net leverage within the first twelve months after the transaction closes
• Expect non-GAAP diluted earnings per common share accretion of at least $0.50 in the first full year, with further accretion expected in the second full year
"We are incredibly excited to welcome the PK team to Concentrix and build the future of CX together," said Chris Caldwell, President and CEO of Concentrix. "This acquisition adds immediate and meaningful breadth and scale to our CX digital capabilities. It establishes a stronger presence in the complementary CX digital IT services market, while enhancing our ability to continue to increase our margins in high value services."
"We take pride in helping our clients disrupt their markets and Concentrix will allow us to continue to do that on a larger scale." said Dinesh Venugopal, CEO of PK. "Our vision has always been to drive digital innovation and transformation focused on the customer experience. Concentrix shares this vision, and we are excited to join them as they mark another milestone in their ongoing story of growth."
Conference Call and Webcast:
A conference call will be held to discuss the acquisition this morning, Monday, November 22, 2021, at 9:00 AM (ET) / 6:00 AM (PT), hosted by Chris Caldwell, President and Chief Executive Officer and Andre Valentine, Chief Financial Officer of Concentrix.
The live conference call will be webcast in listen-only mode in the Investor Relations section of the Concentrix website under "Events and Presentations" at https://ir.concentrix.com/events-and-presentations.
A replay will also be available on the website following the conference call.


2 How does something have a positive or negative charge?
Some definitions Ion - an atom that has a positive or negative charge How does something have a positive or negative charge? Number of protons and electrons has to be different!
3 How can an atom become an ion?
A neutral atom of sodium loses an electron and becomes Na+1 How many electrons does Li+1 have? Mg+2?
Chlorine gains one electron and becomes Cl-1 How many electrons does Br-2 have? F-1??
6 Why do atoms become ions?
Atoms want to have a full outer shell (orbital) one electron in outer shell will lose the electron. all but one electron will gain one. Which is likely to become a cation? Which is likely to become an anion?
Duterium- 21H can bind with oxygen Only occurs 1 in every 3200 molecules Concentrated heavy water is used for development of nuclear weapons Can be poisonous to plants and animals.
Download ppt "Ions and Isotopes Objective Students will be able to:"
Ions Atoms that are not neutral. Atoms Are Neutral Let's review: Why are atoms neutral? –Because they have equal numbers of protons and electrons. Li.
Electrons and Ions Unit 3. Electron Energy Levels  What are electrons and where are they located?  Small negatively charged particles  Located in the.
1.1 The Nature of Atoms Learning Goals determine the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in an atom or ion... distinguish between a cation.
1 mass p ≈ mass n ≈ 1840 x mass e -. 2 Atomic number (Z) = number of protons in nucleus Mass number (A) = number of protons + number of neutrons = atomic.
Isotopes and Ions VARIATIONS ON THE ATOM. Ions! ITS ABOUT PROTONS AND ELECTRONS.
AIM: How to write Lewis Dot Structures (Electron Dot Structures) DO NOW: 1. READ BOTH SIDES OF THE HANDOUT. 2. WRITE THE ELECTRON CONFIGURATION (ORBITAL.
Atoms, Ions and Isotopes. 2 Subatomic Particles ParticleSymbol Charge Relative Mass Electron e Proton p Neutron n0 1.
Atomic Structure: Isotopes and Ions. Isotopes  The number of protons for a given atom never changes.  The number of neutrons can change.  Two atoms.
Summary of the Atom atoms are the smallest particles that can be uniquely associated with an element each element has unique atoms atoms are composed of.
Ions & Ionic Bonding. Ionatoms that has an electrical charge Ion: any atom or group of atoms that has an electrical charge. Since protons and neutrons.
The Chemistry of Living Things II Ionic and covalent bonding, ions and isotopes. Individual carbon atoms.
Atoms are building blocks of elements Similar atoms in each element Different from atoms of other elements Two or more different atoms bond in simple.
Atoms, Ions and Isotopes. 2 Subatomic Particles ParticleSymbol Charge Relative Mass (amu) Electron e Proton p Neutron n0 1.
Ions An atom that carries an electrical charge is called an ion If the atom loses electrons, the atom becomes positively charged (because the number of.


text:
package rcmedeiros.scriba.task;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.tools.ant.BuildException;
import org.apache.tools.ant.Task;

import rcmedeiros.scriba.constant.ErrMsg;
import rcmedeiros.scriba.constant.StringValues;
import rcmedeiros.scriba.engine.Assembler;
import rcmedeiros.scriba.engine.Compiler;
import rcmedeiros.scriba.engine.FileParser;
import rcmedeiros.scriba.engine.Loggable;

/**
 *
 *

 * This is the Main class to be referenced to in the ant build file. To do so,
 * add the following tasks inside your target:
 *

 *
 *

 *     <target ...>
 *         <taskdef name="spawnModels" classname="com.rcmedeiros.scriba.task.SCRIBA" classpath="${FULL PATH TO JAR}" />
 * 	<spawnModels
 * 		srcdir="${src}"            <!-- Source files directory. -->
 * 		destdir="${doc}"           <!-- Destination where files will be written. -->
 * 		source="java"              <!-- Source type to be interpreted. -->
 * 		target="itaumds"           <!-- What deliverable is to be generated. -->
 * 		include="tag1,tag2,tag3"   <!-- comma-separated list of tags to be included. If absent, all will be included. -->
 * 		exclude="tag9,tag8,tag7"   <!-- comma-separated list of tags to be excluded. If absent, none will be excluded. -->
 * 	/>
 *     </target>
 *

 *
 *

 * It's also the main class to be executed through command line. Parameters are
 * the same.
 *

 *
 * @author Rafael Medeiros
 *
 */
//TODO: Change the name
public class SCRIBA extends Task implements Loggable{

	private static final String SRC_DIR = "srcDir";
	private static final String DEST_DIR = "destDir";
	private static final String INCLUDE = "include";
	private static final String EXCLUDE = "exclude";
	private static final String SOURCE = "source";
	private static final String TARGET = "target";
	private static final String COLON = ": ";

	private File srcDir;
	private File destDir;
	private List<String> include = new ArrayList<String>();
	private List<String> exclude = new ArrayList<String>();
	private String source;
	private String target;

	public void setSrcDir(String srcDir) {
		this.srcDir = new File(srcDir);
	}

	public void setDestDir(String destDir) {
		this.destDir = new File(destDir);
	}

	public void setInclude(String include) {
		this.include.addAll(Arrays.asList(include.split(",")));
	}

	public void setExclude(String exclude) {
		this.exclude.addAll(Arrays.asList(exclude.split(",")));
	}

	public void setSource(String source) {
		this.source = source;
	}

	public void setTarget(String target) {
		this.target = target;
	}

	/**
	 * Main task to run the engine directly instead of using Ant
	 *
	 * @param args
	 *            parameters in the format name=value
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		SCRIBA spawnModels = new SCRIBA();

		String[] validNamesArray = { SRC_DIR.toLowerCase(), DEST_DIR.toLowerCase(), INCLUDE.toLowerCase(), EXCLUDE.toLowerCase(), SOURCE.toLowerCase(), TARGET.toLowerCase() };

		ArrayList<String> validNamesList = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(validNamesArray));

		// TODO: intall Commons-cli
		String[] key;
		for (String arg : args) {
			key = arg.split("=");
			if (key.length != 2)
				throw new Exception(String.format(ErrMsg.ERR_INVALID_PARAM_FORMAT, key[0]));
			if (!validNamesList.contains(key[0].toLowerCase()))
				throw new Exception(String.format(ErrMsg.ERR_INVALID_PARAM_NAME, key[0]));
			else {
				if (key[0].equalsIgnoreCase(SRC_DIR))
					spawnModels.setSrcDir(key[1]);
				else if (key[0].equalsIgnoreCase(DEST_DIR))
					spawnModels.setDestDir(key[1]);
				else if (key[0].equalsIgnoreCase(INCLUDE))
					spawnModels.setInclude(key[1]);
				else if (key[0].equalsIgnoreCase(EXCLUDE))
					spawnModels.setExclude(key[1]);
				else if (key[0].equalsIgnoreCase(SOURCE))
					spawnModels.setSource(key[1]);
				else if (key[0].equalsIgnoreCase(TARGET))
					spawnModels.setTarget(key[1]);
			}
		}
		spawnModels.execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Types of installable engines, with info about class name to be tested
	 * against by {@link SCRIBA#isEngineInstalled(String, EngineType)}
	 *
	 * @author Rafael Medeiros
	 *
	 */
	public enum EngineType {
		SOURCE("FileParserImpl", FileParser.class),
		TARGET("AssemblerImpl", Assembler.class);

		private final String implementation;
		private final Class<?> internace;

		private EngineType(String className, Class<?> clazz) {
			this.implementation = className;
			this.internace = clazz;
		}

		String getFullName(String engineName) {
			String s = Compiler.class.getName();
			return s.substring(0, s.lastIndexOf('.') + 1) + engineName.toLowerCase() + '.' + implementation;
		}

		Class<?> getInterface() {
			return internace;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Test if a class within a given package exists and is correctly extending
	 * its proper superclass.
	 *
	 * @param engineName
	 *            Name of the engine, which will actually be a valid package
	 *            name (lower cased alphanumeric), to go inside
	 *            com.ibm.rmedeiros.scriba.engine
	 * @param engineType
	 *            Whether it is a source package which should contain a Probe
	 *            class, or a target package which should contain an AssemblerImpl
	 *            class.
	 * @return Whether or not the engine is installed.
	 */
	private static boolean isEngineInstalled(String engineName, EngineType engineType) {
		try {
			return engineType.getInterface().isAssignableFrom(Class.forName(engineType.getFullName(engineName)));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Test if packageName is properly formatted.
	 * @param packageName
	 * @return Whether or not packageName is properly formatted.
	 */
	private boolean isValidPackageName(String packageName) {
		return StringUtils.isNotBlank(packageName)
				&& !Character.isDigit(packageName.charAt(0))
				&& StringUtils.containsOnly(packageName, StringValues.LOWERCASE_ALPHA + "_");
	}

	/**
	 * Validate all parameters
	 */
	private void validateParameters() {

		if (!isValidPackageName(source))
			throw new BuildException(String.format(ErrMsg.ERR_PACKAGE_NAME, source));
		else if (!isEngineInstalled(source, EngineType.SOURCE))
			throw new BuildException(String.format(ErrMsg.ERR_SOURCE_PACKAGE, source));
		else
			log(SOURCE + COLON + source);

		if (!isValidPackageName(target))
			throw new BuildException(String.format(ErrMsg.ERR_PACKAGE_NAME, target));
		else if (!isEngineInstalled(target, EngineType.TARGET))
			throw new BuildException(String.format(ErrMsg.ERR_SOURCE_PACKAGE, target));
		else
			log(TARGET + COLON + target);

		if (srcDir == null)
			throw new BuildException(String.format(ErrMsg.ERR_PARAM_REQUIRED, SRC_DIR));
		if (!srcDir.exists() || !srcDir.isDirectory())
			throw new BuildException(ErrMsg.ERR_INVAL_SRC);
		else
			log(SRC_DIR + COLON + srcDir);

		if (destDir == null)
			throw new BuildException(String.format(ErrMsg.ERR_PARAM_REQUIRED, DEST_DIR));
		if (!destDir.exists() || !destDir.isDirectory())
			throw new BuildException(ErrMsg.ERR_INVAL_DEST);
		else
			log(DEST_DIR + COLON + destDir);

		String includeStr = "";
		for (int i = 0; i < include.size(); i++) {
			String s = include.get(i);
			s = s.trim();
			include.set(i, s);
			if (StringUtils.isBlank(s)) {
				include.remove(i);
				i--;
			} else if (!StringUtils.isAlphanumeric(s)) {
				throw new BuildException(ErrMsg.ERR_INVAL_TAG);
			} else
				includeStr += s + ',';
		}

		if (include.size() > 0) {
			includeStr = includeStr.substring(0, includeStr.length() - 1);
			log(INCLUDE + COLON + includeStr);
		}

		String excludeStr = "";
		for (int i = 0; i < exclude.size(); i++) {
			String s = exclude.get(i);
			s = s.trim();
			exclude.set(i, s);
			if (StringUtils.isBlank(s)) {
				exclude.remove(i);
				i--;
			} else if (!StringUtils.isAlphanumeric(s)) {
				throw new BuildException(ErrMsg.ERR_INVAL_TAG);
			} else if (include.contains(s)) {
				throw new BuildException(String.format(ErrMsg.ERR_ILEGAL_EXCL, s));
			} else
				excludeStr += s + ',';
		}

		if (exclude.size() > 0) {
			excludeStr = excludeStr.substring(0, excludeStr.length() - 1);
			log(EXCLUDE + COLON + excludeStr);
		}

	}

	public void execute() {

		validateParameters();

		setTaskName("SCRIBA");

		Compiler compiler = new Compiler();
		compiler.setSrcDir(srcDir);
		compiler.setDestDir(destDir);
		compiler.getInclude().addAll(include);
		compiler.getExclude().addAll(exclude);
		compiler.setSource(source);
		compiler.setTarget(target);

		compiler.run(this);
	}

	@Override
	public void log(String msg) {
		super.log(msg);
	}

	@Override
	public void log(String msg, int msgLevel) {
		super.log(msg, msgLevel);
	}

	@Override
	public void log(Throwable t, int msgLevel) {
		super.log(t, msgLevel);
	}

	@Override
	public void log(String msg, Throwable t, int msgLevel) {
		super.log(msg, t, msgLevel);
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Dr. David Kuhl
Professor at the University of British Columbia; Cofounder of Blueprint.ngo
www.blueprint.ngo
Dr. David Kuhl: Blueprint for Positive, Healthy and Authentic Masculinity-EP 20
Dr. David Kuhl grew up on a farm on the Canadian prairies. Through his travels he learned of his love of the ocean and for that reason chose to live in a coastal city. He is a Professor in the Departments of Family Practice and Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. Integrating medicine, psychology and the social sciences is fundamental to his worldview and to his work as a clinician/researcher. Dr. Kuhl graduated with a Masters in Health Sciences (University of Toronto) in 1981, and a medical degree (McMaster University) in 1985. After completing his training in Family Practice (1987) he practiced medicine as a family physician and was a founding member of the palliative care program at St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver. He was the physician leader for palliative care at Providence Health Care for many years, providing leadership for the program and care for persons at the end of life. The research he conducted in that capacity served as the basis for his PhD (UBC, 1999).
As part of his doctoral work, David worked with veterans who were making the transition from military to civilian life. Subsequently he worked with Royal Canadian Mounted Police Officers, corrections officers, men living with prostate cancer, and young men who were in challenging relationships with their fathers. It was in listening to the stories of men that David began to understand the depth of their suffering, affecting them physically, emotionally and spiritually. He also witnessed their personal growth, deepening relationships, and commitment to justice, peace and collaboration. He learned that issues not resolved within are often projected onto others, and at times result in violence, estrangement, addiction and compromised health and wellbeing.
Beginning in 2015 David focused his work on the health, integrity and well-being of men for the benefit of families and communities. In that context, along with 2 co-founders (Drs. Duncan Shields and John Izzo) he created a university-based non-profit organization (Blueprint.ngo) that strives, through research, service and influence to impact society by improving men's well-being and enhancing their positive contributions to families and communities.
Under the auspices of Blueprint, the team conducts research to develop and evaluate programs, education and training models to transform masculine norms and to reduce negative health outcomes. We collaborate with community partners to reach men and boys where they live, work and play with a focus on families, protective services (firefighters, police, and military), business, and collegiate and professional sports. We adopt a gendered approach to engage men, and work with all members of communities to transform the systems that foster harmful behaviours. Our research, in-person and virtual clinical interventions, and educational program offerings have been successfully adopted by NATO, the NHL Alumni Association, UBC athletics, the United States Military Academy at West Point (football), Stanford University (soccer), BC Professional Fire Fighters Association, etc.
Features of fatherhood are significant to global and public health issues. We seek to understand the experience of the impact of fathering and that of being fathered, inquiring how fathers' behaviours, values and norms affect the health, morbidity and mortality of their children. While David continues to participate in the work and the research pertaining to the areas mentioned above, the Fatherhood Project is David's primary interest.


text:
Engagement Best Practices
What the Cambridge Analytica Scandal Means for Online Citizen Engagement
Mary Leong March 27, 2018
Recent revelations showed that Cambridge Analytica was able to obtain and use data from 50 million Facebook users to create psychographic profiles. This allowed them to deliver highly targeted and customized political advertising during the 2016 United States presidential election. The leaked blueprint for the Trump campaign indicated that they were able to "target 10,000 different ads to different audiences" in the lead-up to the election.
These findings raise significant issues around consent and privacy. The majority of users are not aware of how their data is used or what rights they have to their own information. According to one survey, 61% of respondents were "unaware of Facebook's right to share their information with third parties." While users need to take some responsibility for the information that they share with Facebook (and by extension, many third-party sites and apps), most Terms and Conditions are opaque and confusing, even for tech-savvy users.
The 2018 Edelman Trust Barometer highlights this growing mistrust in platforms such as social media and search engines. Overall, people are starting to recognize that they cannot trust social media. In particular, only 51% of respondents said that they trusted social media. Despite this, governments and decision-makers have come to rely so heavily on social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter for reaching out to the public.
While users struggle with whether to delete their Facebook accounts in the wake of these revelations, one thing is clear. We need a new paradigm for engaging with the public that goes beyond targeting them during the election cycle. We need to look at ways of building an inclusive civic network that facilitates and encourages ongoing political engagement in between elections – which treats the public as equal partners in the decisions that impact them and the places where they live, work, and play.
The following factors are crucial for building platforms that build trust and encourage ongoing civic participation:
1. Be privacy-respecting
Privacy by Design (PbD) principles ensure that privacy measures are architected into the very structure of the platform. Instead of responding to a privacy breach, PbD works proactively to ensure that such circumstances do not happen in the first place. For example, PbD assumes that privacy is the default. User information is kept private and never shared with third-party individuals or organizations by default – users have to agree to make their information public.
This is in contrast to Facebook and other social networks, where users have to opt in if they don't want their information to be shared or sold. The process of adjusting privacy settings can be challenging even for tech-savvy users. In the wake of the Cambridge Analytica scandal, articles instructing users on how to revoke third-party access to their Facebook data were rapidly shared as people struggled to figure out their privacy settings. Any platform which aims to build trust needs to ensure that users are clearly informed of, and in charge of, their own privacy and data settings.
2. Not be based on advertising revenue
In 2017, Facebook reported $39 billion in advertising revenue. While social media advertising has proven to be an effective means for increasing reach and influence, it has reinforced echo chambers and accentuated political divides, which have profound implications for citizen engagement and civic participation.
One element of Facebook advertising is its pay-per-click model (PPC). Facebook charges, on average, between $0.20 – $0.80 USD when a user clicks on a link, such as a targeted political ad. Advertising-based models are thus incentivized to show users content which aligns with their pre-existing viewpoints, which they are more likely to click on and engage with. The algorithm is also self-reinforcing – as users click on or interact with (e.g. like, "love", comment on, etc.) more of the same kind of content, they are likely to be shown more of it in the future.
A platform for inclusive civic engagement needs to ensure that all participants' voices are given equal weight to engage with the decision-making process – not only industry or lobby groups which can afford to pay to amplify their message. Any advertising-based model is inherently incentivized to reinforcing existing biases, rather than showcasing and exposing the public to diverse perspectives. We are seeing the results where echo chambers and partisanship have been exacerbated – people on both sides of the aisle cannot even agree on fundamental facts or statistics to build consensus and engage reasonably with people they disagree with.
3. Facilitate healthy dialogue
Cambridge Analytica's tactics may be effective at manipulating voter behaviour, but there is little evidence thus far on whether this has the capacity to sustain or encourage ongoing engagement. It is too early to tell whether people who were influenced by these highly targeted political ads will vote in the next election, or become more engaged in their own communities.
Genuine engagement starts with ensuring that the public is informed – that there is a shared basis from which dialogue can happen, both between decision-makers and citizens, and amongst citizens, across partisan lines. Once people are informed, they can start to make a meaningful impact on their communities, starting with voting and extending to other forms of civic participation, such as engaging with public consultation processes (in-person or online), co-creating solutions to local issues, starting local initiatives, attending community events, and more.
Healthy dialogue also points to the importance of inclusive online spaces which are free of trolls, bots, astroturfing, and other methods which manipulate and undermine online democratic engagement. Cambridge Analytica's tactics work because they tap precisely into how Facebook rewards knee-jerk reactions. How can we build tools which, by design, encourage listening first before speaking? How can we develop platforms that take into account the values of considered judgement, or reasonableness? How can we curb negative online behaviour, which decrease the overall quality of discourse and deter people from participating?
Here at PlaceSpeak, we have found digital identity authentication to be an effective deterrent to negative online behaviour. We've succeeded in creating dialogue and discussion on challenging and controversial issues by getting people to stand behind the statements they make. We're not the only ones working on this issue. For example, Civil Comments requires users to rate the quality and level of civility of two other comments before they can participate. Meanwhile, the Deliberatorium shows competing answers for a given question next to each other – instead of hiding opposing perspectives from participants, the system makes it hard to avoid them. A platform for genuine engagement must incorporate features which encourage users to participate in more informed and productive dialogue, by design.
If you found this post interesting and useful, we'd appreciate if you would share and subscribe to our blog.
To get started with your online public consultation, visit placespeak.com.
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