WordPress out of the box is already technically quite a good platform for SEO, this was true when I wrote my original WordPress SEO article in 2008 (and updated every few months) and it's still true today, but that doesn't mean you can't improve it further! This plugin is written from the ground up by Joost de Valk and his team at Yoast to improve your site's SEO on all needed aspects. While this WordPress SEO plugin goes the extra mile to take care of all the technical optimization, more on that below, it first and foremost helps you write better content. WordPress SEO forces you to choose a focus keyword when you're writing your articles, and then makes sure you use that focus keyword everywhere.
Bug reports for WordPress SEO are welcomed on GitHub. Please note GitHub isnot a support forum and issues that aren't properly qualified as bugs will be closed.
With the WordPress SEO plugin you can control which pages Google shows in its search results and which pages it doesn't show. By default, it will tell search engines to index all of your pages, including category and tag archives, but only show the first pages in the search results. It's not very useful for a user to end up on the third page of your "personal" category, right?
WordPress itself only shows canonical link elements on single pages, WordPress SEO makes it output canonical link elements everywhere. Google has recently announced they would also use rel="next" and rel="prev" link elements in the head section of your paginated archives, this plugin adds those automatically, see [this post](https://yoast.com/rel-next-prev-paginated-archives/ title="rel=next & rel=prev for paginated archives") for more info.
Are you being outranked by scrapers? Instead of cursing at them, use them to your advantage! By automatically adding a link to your RSS feed pointing back to the original article, you're telling the search engine where they should be looking for the original. This way, the WordPress SEO plugin increases your own chance of ranking for your chosen keywords and gets rid of scrapers in one go!
If your theme is compatible, and themes based on Genesis or by WooThemes for instance often are, you can use the built-in Breadcrumbs functionality. This allows you to create an easy navigation that is great for both users and search engines and will support the search engines in understanding the structure of your site.
Making your theme compatible isn't hard either, check these instructions.
Using the built-in file editor you can edit your WordPress blogs .htaccess and robots.txt file, giving you direct access to the two most powerful files, from an SEO perspective, in your WordPress install.
SEO and Social Media are heavily intertwined, that's why this plugin also comes with a Facebook OpenGraph implementation and will soon also support Google+ sharing tags.
The Yoast SEO plugin, unlike some others, is fully Multi-Site compatible. The XML Sitemaps work fine in all setups and you even have the option, in the Network settings, to copy the settings from one blog to another, or make blogs default to the settings for a specific blog.
If you've used All In One SEO Pack or HeadSpace2 before using this plugin, you might want to import all your old titles and descriptions. You can do that easily using the built-in import functionality. There's also import functionality for some of the older Yoast plugins like Robots Meta and RSS footer.
Should you have a need to import from another SEO plugin to Yoast SEO or from a theme like Genesis or Thesis, you can use the SEO Data Transporter plugin, that'll easily convert your SEO meta data from and to a whole set of plugins like Platinum SEO, SEO Ultimate, Greg's High Performance SEO and themes like Headway, Hybrid, WooFramework, Catalyst etc.
Read this migration guide if you still have questions about migrating from another SEO plugin to WordPress SEO.
WordPress SEO Plugin in your Language!
Currently a huge translation project is underway, translating WordPress SEO in as much as 24 languages. So far, the translations for French and Dutch are complete, but we still need help on a lot of other languages, so if you're good at translating, please join us at translate.yoast.com.


As your family begins to grow, you might find that your house begins to feel smaller. If you find yourself in this position there are really only two options; you could expand your house or you could move to another house.
There are a number of factors to consider when you decide that you want to build onto your property. Your location and budget are two of the most important things to consider before taking a large building project. Ensure that you take a look at the following pros and cons of building onto your property before making this big decision.
If you have enough space to extend your property without losing too much of the land you are situated on then it is recommended you do so. This will allow you to still be able to maintain a serene garden while adding extra space to your home.
You can decide how you want to build. It will be completely up to you how you want your new home addition to look. You have the freedom to make sure that your new room is balances and is equipped with everything you need. Make sure that you keep balance to your home. A beautiful home with no garden can be less attractive than a smaller home with a garden.
You may not be able to build on due to strict regulations set out in local building bylaws.
You might over capitalize on your property. Make sure that you do all your homework before building onto your property. By making sure that you know what the houses around your property have recently sold for you will be sure that you do not build beyond the expected value of your property.
The cost of the building an extension, while cheaper than buying a new property, could run into the thousands, make sure that you are prepared for these costs.
If the costs involved in building onto your property are scary then you might want to consider rather moving from your current property to a new one which is big enough to accommodate your family. Take a look at the following pros and cons of moving home.
If you are thinking of moving home you might want to take the opportunity to look for a suited place closer to your work or even close to the children's school. This would be a great opportunity to do so.
You can look for a house which perfectly suits your needs. If you need an entertainment area or an extra bedroom, then this is a great time to look for the property which would best fit into your life.
Moving house is a great time for you to clear out. Over the years we all accumulate a lot of stuff. When you move house you can take the opportunity to get rid of some items which you no longer use. These can be donated to charities or sold.
You might find that the costs of buying a new home can be quite costly. Make sure that you are prepared for these costs.
Depending on where you buy, you may have to settle for something which does not quite meet your requirements. You might have to buy a smaller house with plenty of potential and later on send extra time renovating for the house to suit your needs.
If you do not know what to look for before buying a house you could land up with more problems than house. A leaking roof, aging pipelines, and rotten floors are three of the most important things to look at before buying a house.


text:
Q: rails 4 delete link not working inside namespace i use rails 4 and

"Delete") + "Delete",admin_user_path(user), method: :delete, data: { confirm: 'Are you sure?' },:remote=>true %>

not working inside namespace. It behaves like show link

A: I think, Your 'jquery_ujs' is not working properly. Please check your application.js manifest file in assets/javascripts directory. add the following line under //require jquery
//= require jquery_ujs

A: this is my application.js
//= require jquery
//= require jquery_ujs
i don't think it's about this since it works in any controller out of namespace

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Are You Making Progress Or Making Excuses?
You are here: Home / Frugal Living / Are You Making Progress Or Making Excuses?
I think self-reflection is good for the soul and the wallet, and so I periodically take a bit of time to do it.
But when I recently thought about my goals for the year and my progress, I realized that instead of making progress, I was making excuses.
My theme for the new year was health, and while I have finally kicked the soda habit (six months and counting!), I've neglected nearly all other aspects of my health. In fact, I've actually gained weight since I made health my theme for the year.
After life threw a wrench in our budget and we went back into debt, I vowed I would work hard to get it paid off early. I've since added a part-time job to my life, but I haven't made any significant progress on the debt repayment.
I told myself that I would eat out less and make more meals from scratch at home, but that hasn't happened. I haven't clipped a coupon in weeks.
I'm too busy. I'm too tired. It's inconvenient. It takes too much time. I'll do it tomorrow (or next week or next month). I've allowed myself to wallow in some negative self-talk that's put me at a big disadvantage when it comes to reaching my goals.
And I don't like that one bit!
Now, I know that this happens to most of us from time to time. When we get stressed and overwhelmed, it's all too easy to fall into old bad habits and negative thinking. What I have figured out is that it is possible to turn things around and start making progress instead of making excuses.
Assess the situation. I know what's working and what's not. This is the first step in being able to come up with workable solutions. I know that I need to work on my diet and exercise for my health goals. I know I need to do some work on the family budget to ensure I can start paying off that new car early. I know I need to get back to menu planning, prep-ahead meals, and couponing.
Make a plan. Once I know what I need to work on, it's time to develop a plan. I find that if I make lists of things I need to be doing and put them on my calendar, I am much more likely to get them done. There's something very satisfying about crossing things off a list! I have made sure to put exercise on my to-do list so that I don't forget to to it. I'm taking a good, hard luck at our budget and figuring out where I can find some additional money to put toward our debt. And I'm slowly easing back into menu planning and clipping coupons again.
Start small. One surefire way to burnout and give up on your goals is to try to do too much too quickly. That's why it's so important to start small. I can find a few minutes every day to clip coupons and plan a menu. I can spend a half hour taking a walk or doing an exercise video. The little things you do add up to big things. Remember that.
Challenge yourself. There's nothing like a good challenge to keep you motivated to reach your goals. When I had first given up soda, I really pushed myself to see if I could make it to the one-month mark. Then two months. Then three. Now, it's become a game. How long can I go without drinking pop? There are so many other ways to challenge yourself. Can I make a dinner for my family for less than $10? Less than $5? Make saving money a game or challenge yourself to a spending freeze. You'll be amazed at what you can accomplish when you put your mind to it!
Celebrate the mini-successes. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy! That's why it's a good idea to celebrate the success you have along the way. You can celebrate without spending a ton of money. Share your success with your friends (an occasional humble brag is okay!), take a long hot bath, check out a new book from the library, splurge a little on ingredients for a special dinner. Those small rewards can help push you further toward your big goals.
Repeat. Whenever you find yourself making excuses instead of progress, just stop and repeat the above steps. We're human and we will have setbacks. We will make mistakes. We sometimes have issues that affect us. The important thing is that we learn from our experiences and keep pushing forward. We can do amazing things when we try.


text:
namespace gst
{
    class UniformMap;
    class ShadowedData;
    class Texture;

    typedef std::array<std::shared_ptr<Texture>, 10> Textures;

    // The responsibility of this class is to describe a material in a shader
    // pass.
    class Material {
    public:
        // Construct material with a default uniform implementation using a
        // annotation formatter for free uniforms.
        static Material create_free();
        // Construct material with a default uniform implementation using a
        // annotation formatter for uniforms in a struct.
        static Material create_struct(std::string const & name);
        // Construct empty material.
        Material() = default;
        // Construct material from uniforms.
        Material(std::shared_ptr<UniformMap> uniforms);
        // Return uniform.
        ShadowedData & get_uniform(std::string const & annotation);
        // Return uniforms.
        UniformMap & get_uniforms();
        // Return textures.
        Textures & get_textures();
    private:
        std::shared_ptr<UniformMap> uniforms;
        Textures textures;
    };
}

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Here is your Baja Good Life Report for 09/06/2010.
Hurricane season runs from June 1st until November 30th. While each year experts make very educated predictions concerning the number and severity of storms for each given season, hurricanes can still wreak a massive amount of devastation and chaos on any area despite today's advanced warning systems.
We've also added a US Toll-Free number you can call to get quotes on MEMBER RATE INSURANCE before you join, call today: 1-877-LUVMEX1 Ext. 3 (1-877-588-6391 ext. 3).
CONGRATULATION Lawrence William You are the Winner!
Over the last 5 years, we have been trying to create the ideal online community for Baja and each time it has been less than expected or wanted - until now. The Baja Good Life Club is proud to announce the new online Baja community for those that love Baja as much as we do. Now you can share all that makes Baja special to you with all those like minded Baja aficionados, travelers and dreamers.
SAN FELIPE - Casa de Fe Raffle!
BGLC - 4 Month Trial Membership!
NEWS - BGLC EXPO Mark Your Calendars!


As we know, English is a mongrel language which incorporates words from something like five hundred other tongues as the result of exploration, trade and conquest. A good example is the small but significant group of well-known words which come to us from Malay.
From late medieval times on, a Malay pidgin called Bazaar Malay (melayu pasar, "market Malay") became a lingua franca, the common trading language of a large part of the East Indies. Its dominance arose through the port of Malacca (now Melaka) on the south-western coast of Malaya facing Sumatra. In medieval times, Malacca effectively controlled the straits through which the ships trading with places further east had to pass. At one time it was believed to be the largest port in the world.
Traders came to this area for a number of commodities, but principally for spices. This was a hugely profitable trade, to the extent that once spices reached western Europe they almost became a currency in their own right (a peppercorn rent is now notional; in medieval times, a pound of pepper was worth a month's wages). Linguistically, the ancient importance of such spices as cinnamon, ginger, cloves, pepper and nutmeg is shown by their names in English being as old as the language. For millennia these spices had travelled overland from the East with nobody in the West having any clear idea where they came from. It was only with the growth of seafaring exploration in medieval times that it was realised that they actually came from India and the Far East. There was vast trading advantage to be gained from short-circuiting the slow, traditional overland route with its horde of middlemen along the way, each taking a cut and pushing up the price, and trading instead directly with the source (this, remember, was Columbus's rationale for travelling westwards, hoping to find an even shorter way to the treasures of the Orient that would not mean travelling round the Cape of Good Hope).
So successive waves of Western traders bribed, negotiated and fought their way eastwards in search of the source of these riches, displacing the Indians who had been the most important merchants in the region. The first group were the Arabs, who brought Islam to Malacca and other parts of the area in the fifteenth century. In 1511 a Portuguese fleet led by Afonso de Albuquerque captured Malacca. The Dutch seized the port in 1641. The British came only in the late eighteenth century, through the British East India Company, taking over a group of ports including Penang and Singapore that were later to be called the Straits Settlements. After the Napoleonic Wars, this included Malacca. So it is not surprising that many of our words from Malay reached English through Portuguese and Dutch.
Merchants formed permanent trading stations, calling them kampong after the native word for "enclosure"; this turned into compound (nothing to do with the chemical sense of the word, which comes from Latin). Stockades around the compounds were usually of bamboo, a fast-growing tough local plant. This word was originally bambu in Malay, became mambu in Portuguese and bamboes in Dutch; nobody seems to know why the final "s" appeared, but when it became an English word the "s" was taken to be a plural and we ended up with a form very close to the original Malay. A godown is a warehouse or store for goods, from the Malay gadong.
The local people were often far from friendly, as the Malay term amuk testifies, spelt amok or amuck in English. The OED quotes Marsden's Malay Dictionary as its definition: "engaging furiously in battle, attacking with desperate resolution, rushing in a state of frenzy to the commission of indiscriminate murder". Another pointer is the set of names for local weapons which have found their way into the language: kris, a dagger with a wavy blade; parang, a kind of heavy sheath knife, and sjambok, deriving from the Malay samboq, a kind of heavy whip, now thought of as typically South African, but taken there by traders from the East Indies.
Unsurprisingly, a set of Malay words naming natural products of the East Indies have also come into the language (but not, as I say, those of the spices, whose names long predate direct trade with the area). The cloth known as gingham came from Malay ginggang, originally an adjective meaning "striped". The material kapok, the soft fibrous covering of the seeds of a tropical tree, is familiar as a lining and stuffing material. The sarong is the national garment of Malayia, though not restricted to that area. The technique of dying cloth called batik is actually Javanese in origin, the word meaning "painted". We also owe a small selection of words for native wildlife to the language: the cassowary, a large flightless bird related to the emu, was called kasuari in Malay. The cockatoo and gecko also originate here, as does the orang-utan, the great ape called "man of the woods" in Malay. We also have gutta-percha, sago, rattan, and ketchup. This last word may come to us from a dialect of Chinese, but the English word is certainly derived from the Malay kechap, meaning "fish or shell-fish pickled in brine". The traditional method of rice-growing in the east, in paddy fields, comes from the Malay word for harvested rice still attached to its stem, padi.
A number of words that we normally associate with China have actually come to us from Malay. Our word for a particularly Eastern kind of flat-bottomed sailing vessel called a junk, for example, actually seems to come from the Malay word adjong, no doubt picked up in Malacca. Our name for a particular grade of Chinese official, mandarin, seems to have been derived from the Malay mantri via the Portuguese. The musical instrument the gong is also Malay. Perhaps the most surprising is the container in which we traditionally keep our supply of tea, the caddy; this derives from the Malay kati, a unit of weight of about 1.3 pounds (600-odd grams), which was divided into 16 taels and which turns up all over the Far East. Even more surprisingly, our word tea, though originally Chinese, seems to have been brought to Europe by the Portuguese, based on a Malay variant of the Chinese word.
Last modified: 19 October 1996.


text:
Company Briefs: OUELH
http://str.sg/ogRc
OUELH
OUE Lippo Healthcare's joint venture with Chinese state-owned conglomerate China Merchants Group, China Merchants Lippo Hospital Management (CMLHM), has entered into a framework agreement with China Changjiang National Shipping Group Co and Shanghai Changjiang Shipping Co to incorporate a new joint venture company in China to manage the operations of Shanghai Changhang Hospital in Pudong, Shanghai.
CMLHM is an joint venture company between Lippo Healthcare, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of OUELH, and China Merchants Landmark (Shenzhen) Co, a member of China Merchants Group.
The agreement envisages that China Changjiang and CMLHM will incorporate a new joint venture company in China to manage the operations of Shanghai Changhang Hospital, now operated by Shanghai Changjiang. CMLHM will hold a 51 per cent stake, with China Changjiang holding the remaining stake.
"The complementary partnership with China Merchants Group brings together our international healthcare expertise and their deep local market knowledge," said Mr Lee Yi Shyan, chairman of OUELH. "Through this joint venture with China Changjiang, we will be able to better serve the China healthcare market."
AsiaPhos
Catalist-listed AsiaPhos intends to issue a formal notice of arbitration to the Chinese government after unsuccessful attempts to settle ongoing disputes through negotiations with the Sichuan provincial government.
The phosphate mining firm yesterday said it will work with legal counsel if the Sichuan government fails to come up with a satisfactory settlement proposal within 30 days.
"Based on consultations with legal counsel, the company believes that China's actions amount to an unlawful expropriation of AsiaPhos' investments, and breach China's obligations to provide fair and equitable treatment and other protections under the China-Singapore Bilateral Investment Treaties and China-Asean Investment Agreement," AsiaPhos said.
AsiaPhos has been in discussion with the Sichuan government for a settlement in relation to the non-renewal of the mining and exploration rights in the JiuDingshan Nature Reserve.
A version of this article appeared in the print edition of The Straits Times on June 23, 2018, with the headline 'Company Briefs: OUELH'. Print Edition | Subscribe
COMPANY BRIEFS

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Do you want to increase awareness of your brand, promote new services and showcase your market leadership and expertise to top executives from the leading Slovak and international companies?
Your logo will be displayed on the stage and throughout the event, event website, printed brochure and pdf, electronic marketing including e-mail broadcasts.
You can choose from many options, e.g. VIP lunch participation, presentation stand, advertisement in Catalougue of Participants, refreshment sample corner and many more.


Carrot zucchini muffins are so yummy sprinkled with cinnamon sugar! This recipe is the perfect use for extra zucchini squash in the summer.
Hello, dog days of summer. With this intense heat and rolling thunderstorms comes an abundance of summer squash in the gardens. I took full advantage of this harvest (and the air conditioning being on) and baked carrot zucchini muffins.
It's incredible how quickly zucchini grows in the garden and how large the squash can get! A few years back my mom grew a zucchini the size of her calf. No joke, I think she baked five loaves of zucchini bread from it.
I have made my fair share of zucchini recipes—chocolate zucchini banana bread, cinnamon zucchini bundt cake and three-cheese zucchini galette—just to name a few. However, I have yet to post a recipe for zucchini muffins. So here I am.
Carrot zucchini muffins are the perfect on-the-go snack in the summer. Spiced with cinnamon, the muffins are full of flavor and vegetables!
This is my idea of a serving of vegetables: shredded carrot and zucchini folded in with eggs, sugar, vegetable oil, flour and cinnamon. If you can see the bits of carrot and zucchini in the muffin, it counts as a serving, right?
Not only do the carrot and zucchini add some nutritional value, but the two ingredients also add moisture to the muffins. Even after patting the shredded veggies dry, they still give enough moisture to the batter without making dense muffins.
The batter is just the right amount of sweet with a little texture from the zucchini and carrot. To transfer the batter to the prepared muffin pan, I used an ice cream scoop to fill each cup about three-quarters full. The ice cream scoop method creates the perfect amount of batter for each muffin without making a huge mess!
The muffins rose just the right amount too, like little cinnamon-dusted clouds of peeking out of the tin.
I think we can all agree that the top is the best part of the muffin. I can guarantee it with these carrot zucchini muffins because I sprinkled cinnamon sugar on top of each one. This is totally optional, but I personally love the cinnamon speckled on top and the extra sweetness the sugar adds.
And if you really want to go all in, spread a little butter in the center of a muffin. If you do this soon after they are out of the oven, the warmth will melt the butter right into the muffin!
And just to show you how easy these carrot zucchini muffins are to make, I included a recipe video to follow along with. Enjoy!
Preheat oven to 375° F. Line a muffin pan with muffin liners and set aside.
In a medium bowl, mix together vegetable oil, eggs, granulated sugar, brown sugar and vanilla until well combined. Set aside.
In a large bowl, whisk together flour, baking soda, baking powder, salt and cinnamon. Add wet ingredients to the dry ingredients and stir until combined (be careful not to over mix). Add shredded zucchini and carrot, and stir until incorporated.
Use a spoon (or an ice cream scoop) to transfer batter into prepared muffin pan until each cup is about three-quarters full. Sprinkle with additional cinnamon sugar if desired². Bake at 375° F for 20 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center of a muffin comes out with little to no crumbs.
Cool muffins in the pan for 3 minutes then remove muffins to a wire cooling rack. Serve warm or at room temperature. Store in an air tight container at room temperature for up to 5 days.
¹Pat the veggies mostly dry with a paper towel before measuring/weighing.
²If you would like to sprinkle cinnamon sugar on the muffins, I suggest a ratio of two tablespoons granulated sugar and a teaspoon of cinnamon. Stir together in a small bowl and sprinkle over the muffins before baking.
If you like carrot zucchini muffins, try my recipes for cinnamon zucchini bundt cake and chocolate zucchini bread.
These muffins looks perfect! I love all things zucchini, and I'm excited about the addition of carrot!
What's the best way to store muffins so that they don't go soggy?
Hi Sasha! I like to store my muffins in an airtight container or resealable plastic bag. I place a paper towel at the bottom and avoid stacking the muffins. The paper towel will help absorb moisture!
Hi Kathy! I suggest unsweetened apple sauce. I have not made this recipe with apple sauce, however, but breads and muffins use that substitution often.


Complete all periodic, mid-terms and final exams with my own work. I will not submit the work of any other person or organization and represent it to be my own work.
Have only one user account - I will not let anyone use my legal name, username and/or password or other means to gain access to the course work or the platform.
Not engage in activity that would dishonestly improve my results, or improve or hurt the results of others.
The opportunity to cooperate with and collaborate with other users on the course materials, lecture videos, exercises and homework.
Discuss with others the concepts and materials related to each course.
Present ideas and written work to other users and the professors for comment or constructive criticism.


Paper or plastic? It's a debate that has raged for years about a variety of goods, including grocery bags, food packaging materials, lollipop sticks, personal care items and other single-use products. The latest item to make headlines is the humble straw. Plastic drinking straws are ubiquitous, but they may soon take a backseat to paper drinking straws.
A series of highly publicized California rulings has sparked a growing movement to ban plastic drinking straws in the United States, with proponents citing environmental concerns. One of the newest laws on the California books makes it illegal for restaurant servers to give guests plastic straws unless asked. Several California cities have followed suit by enacting local ordinances that ban the distribution or sale of plastic drinking straws in some food-service establishments.
And it's not just in California. Several major U.S. cities are putting laws in place to discourage the use of plastic drinking straws and stirrers. Amidst the growing debate, public pressure has also driven businesses — from Starbucks and Bon Appétit to SeaWorld and Disney — to announce their own plans to eliminate plastic drinking straws.
Americans love their straws. One estimate puts our use of this little tube of plastic at 500 million straws a day. As pressure to ban them increases, people are turning their attention to biodegradable or recyclable alternatives, such as straws made from hay, metal straws and, of course, paper drinking straws.
The idea of paper drinking straws isn't new. In fact, it's an old solution to a timeless problem. For centuries, people used natural straws made from ryegrass, hay or other hollow plant stems. The problem is that the natural materials imparted an unpleasant flavor to beverages, and they disintegrated quickly.
An inventor named Marvin Chester Stone tackled the problem by creating an "artificial straw" made of paper. Stone's paper drinking straws, patented in 1888, were made by winding and gluing a strip of paper into a cylinder. The cylinder was then dipped in paraffin, making it water-resistant. These paper drinking straws still disintegrated over time, but they lasted longer than grass or plant straws and didn't change the flavor of beverages.
Stone's invention took off, and paper drinking straws became the norm. But by the 1960s, technology had advanced enough that plastic drinking straws were cheaper to produce and more durable than paper drinking straws — a fact that appealed to the burgeoning fast-food industry.
Which brings us to today. Backlash over our growing pollution problem has caused many consumers to turn their attention back to disposable paper drinking straws as an environmentally friendly alternative to plastic. That has left straw manufacturers scrambling to catch up.
Peter Gilbert, director of Marketing and Customer Service for Domtar Specialty Papers, says Domtar is no stranger to paper drinking straws, having made paper for one of the largest paper straw manufacturers in the past. But before paper straws can grow from a niche market into a commodity, the industry will have to evolve the converting technology and the paper itself.
Also, to withstand the rigors of converting, the specialty paper used for drinking straws has to be strong. "The converting process is very demanding; paper straws are made with three, sometimes four, layers of paper that are glued together to give the straws crush strength," Gilbert says.
Finally, the paper must be water-resistant so that the finished straw doesn't fall apart in a drink, yet biodegradable to satisfy environmental concerns.
Meeting these challenges will take time, but that's not to say paper drinking straws won't see a comeback — and soon.


text:
Federal Court To Hear "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" Unconstitutionality Case
June 29, 2010 UncategorizedBarack Obama, Business News, Don't Ask, Don't Tell, gay, Log Cabin Republicans, MilitaryWill Kohler
U.S. District Court Judge Virginia A. Phillips in Riverside, Calif. agreed Monday to send the case to trial July 13. Woods is representing the Log Cabin Republicans, a republican group rights group. He says the group hopes to end the 1993 policy by having it declared unconstitutional.. This move goes against the Department of Justice appeal to the judge to defer proceedings in the case "because the political branches have taken concrete steps to facilitate repeal of the DADT statute."
"Concrete steps my ass…."
This is but the latest in several rulings by the court in this case. Over the last year, the Department of Justice has fougt fang and nail to kill it in brief after brief after brief following ….wait for it….Solicitor General Elena Kagan's success in killing the suit a year ago by Jim Pietrangelo, who was arrested twice this year at the White House with Dan Choi.
I never thought that I would in a million years say something like this. But best of luck to The Log Cabin Republicans.
← Watch: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Trailer! Homo Sat What? – Closet Case Tony Perkins of The Family Research Council Has An Unhealthy Obsession With Elena Kagan →


text:
Buno Bedele è una delle zone amministrative in cui è suddivisa la Regione di Oromia in Etiopia.

Woreda
La zona è composta da 10 woreda:
 Badele Zuria
 Bedele town
 Borecha
 Chora (Buno Bedele)
 Chwaka
 Dabo Hana
 Dedesa
 Dega
 Gechi
 Meko

Note

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Notifications are getting out of control, and everybody is affected. Individuals get interrupted all day long by unnecessary notifications sent by collaborative apps. Some notifications are handy, but a fair share is simply superfluous. On the other hand, the productivity of professionals is severely hindered by all the noise and the interruptions. Critical notifications get buried in noisy streams.
To avoid the stress that comes with notifications of different importance coming from many various sources, Gwapit regroups them all into one app and gives you back control over your alerting schedule. You decide which notifications are worthy of your attention.
To make sure you don't miss any notifications from the most critical topics, you can turn on alerting on a topic-basis and decide the schedule for which the notifications from the given topic will generate an alert.
We'll walk you through the topic creation process and share our tips and the best topics to make the most of Gwapit. Soon, you'll be the pro and teach your colleagues!
Log in to your Gwapit account.
Connect one or more apps.
PS: Github & Bitbucket are coming up, very soon!
You can also create topics with pre-set filters straight from the notifications themselves. To get started, go in the detailed view by clicking any notification on your feed; then click the Organize button that appears while hoovering any notification.
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From contains confluence@yourworkspace.atlassian.net for Confluence and jira@yourworkspace.atlassian.net for Jira.
Topics are very flexible, you can make them what you want them to be! Want to organize your feed by projects? Topics can do that. Do you have recurring emails coming from a service? Merge them up! For the sake of the clarity of the examples, we kept them simple but you can go much further. For instance, it's possible to link several filtering conditions with one another using a AND/ORlogic.
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text:
Q: How to style Material UI's Tab component label? I'm looking for a way to customize the color of the text inside the Tab component but at the same time retaining the ability for it to be colored over when selected as an active Tab.
Example code:
<Tabs centered onChange={handleChange} value={value} textColor={'secondary'} indicatorColor={'secondary'}>
    <Tab label={'Hello There'} style={{color: '#fff'}}/>
    <Tab label={'Hello There'} style={{color: '#fff'}}/>
    <Tab label={'Hello There'} style={{color: '#fff'}}/>
</Tabs>

The above code will result in the change of the text color BUT when the Tab becomes active, it won't be overridden.
If it helps, I'm also using styled-components for ease of use.

A: You can use the makeStyles export of material-ui to create your custom class for the label
import { makeStyles } from "@material-ui/core";

const useStyles = makeStyles({
  customLabelColor: {
    color: "#fff"
  }
});

export default function App() {
  const classes = useStyles();
  return (
    ...
    <Tab
      label={"Hello There"}
      classes={{
        textColorSecondary: classes.customLabelColor
      }}
    />
    ...
  );
}

CodeSandBox: https://codesandbox.io/s/quirky-kowalevski-xzf7g?file=/src/App.js

Refer here for other methods on how to override the CSS for Tab.
On the same reference I linked, have a look at the textColorSecondary rule name. This is specific to your question since you are using textColor="secondary" on your parent component Tabs


Saint Patrick's day (Saint Patty's Day) is an international religious and cultural holiday celebrated on march 17. Saint Patrick's day is a celebration of Saint Patrick, a Catholic Patron Saint of Ireland, and the arrival of Catholicism in Ireland. It is celebrated by most Christian churches around the globe. Wearing of shamrocks and other green attire is the most popular way to recognize the day. Saint Patrick's Day is a public holiday in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Newfoundland and Labrador and on the island of Montserrat.


text:
Lions agree to terms with safety Miles Killebrew
Allen Park, Mich.— The Detroit Lions announced today that they have agreed to terms with S Miles Killebrew. Additional contract terms were not disclosed.
Killebrew joined the Lions as a fourth-round selection (111th overall) in the 2016 NFL Draft out of Southern Utah. He has appeared in 63 career games (four starts) and has logged 56 tackles (45 solo), six pass defenses, two interceptions and one interception returned for a touchdown. Killebrew has also contributed 37 special teams tackles (33 solo) in his career.


text:
Anemesia birulai is een spinnensoort uit de familie Cyrtaucheniidae. De soort komt voor in Turkmenistan.

Cyrtaucheniidae
Endemisch dier uit Turkmenistan


text:
\section{Introduction}

\IEEEPARstart{C}{onducting} wide-area radiation surveillance is a challenging
problem for environmental and security applications. For example, a city may
wish to produce a map of radiation sources over a wide region, identify
unexpected or unauthorized radioactive sources and take corrective action, then
monitor the area for any future introduction of sources. Dedicated systems have
been developed, such as the United States Department of Energy's Aerial
Measuring System, which uses aircraft to map radiological activity at nuclear
sites and during emergencies \cite{Wasiolek:2007vn,AMS}; however, these systems
focus on one-time mapping, rather than continuous monitoring and surveillance.

For city-sized areas, current mapping efforts typically use low-flying
helicopters.  These operations produce high-resolution maps, but require several
weeks of intensive flying, making them unsuitable for continuous
monitoring. Other methods of mapping include gamma-ray imaging devices mounted
in vehicles \cite{Zelakiewicz:2011ig}; mobile scintillator detectors which
search for sudden changes in background spectral shape, indicating the detector
is traveling past a source \cite{Pfund:2007,Pfund:2010hm}; and
commercially-available portable identifying spectrometers.

These methods are limited in a number of ways. An aerial survey which requires
weeks to complete cannot continuously monitor a wide area in real time. For
vehicle-based mobile detectors, previous work has developed spectroscopic source
detection algorithms, but these do not perform change detection from one survey
to the next, and do not take advantage of previous background observations to
improve detection sensitivity \cite{Pfund:2010hm}. Imaging methods require large
and expensive detectors and focus on detecting and imaging individual sources,
rather than mapping large areas.

We report on an integrated system of (a) mobile data collection, (b)
spatial-temporal database of gamma spectra, and (c) spatially-aware anomaly
mapping algorithm. Collectively we refer to this system as the spectral
comparison ratio anomaly mapping (SCRAM) system. The SCRAM system uses mobile
detectors to build spectral maps of wide areas and identifies temporal anomalies
using spectral comparison ratios (SCRs), detecting changes in spectral shape. By
using a spatial database of observed spectra and comparing new observations to
the recorded background, a high sensitivity to temporal anomalies is obtained.
To demonstrate these concepts we collect and analyze a sample dataset on a small
research campus.

This research is motivated as a feasibility study to consider collecting
radiation maps with vehicles that naturally transit areas of interest through
their daily operations, such as patrol vehicles, buses, or unmanned aerial
vehicles. Such a system, collecting data continuously as vehicles operate, would
provide high-sensitivity, continuous, wide-area surveillance at low operational
cost.

\section{SCRAM System}
The SCRAM system is composed of three core components: a mobile detection
platform, based on a scintillator detector and GPS system; a spatial and
temporal database of observed spectra allowing analysis and change detection;
and an analysis method based on spectral comparison ratios. We constructed a
proof-of-concept platform using off-the-shelf components.

\subsection{Mobile Detection Platform}
The first component in the SCRAM system is a platform for collecting radiation
data. For data collection, the required electronics were USB-based GPS,
USB-based scintillator detector and a PC laptop; the largest of these components
was the laptop and all items were easily contained in a small backpack. This
could be carried by a person or placed in a golf cart or other vehicle. The
detector was a Bridgeport Instruments \(2\times2\)-inch cesium iodide
scintillator and was used to collect spectra continuously at two-second
intervals; however, the analysis system is agnostic to choice of sensor, and
would work with other gamma spectra detectors, including much larger or more
sensitive devices.

\subsection{Spatial-Spectral-Temporal Database}
The second component in the SCRAM system is a method of storing multiple-pass
radiation data in a spatial and temporal database.  For this, we constructed a
database of spectra using the PostGIS geographic information system
\cite{postgis,pgsql}. Software was developed to allow for rapid spatial and
temporal querying of spectra.  Spectra were recorded into the database along
with the detector's GPS coordinates, current time, and several diagnostic
fields.

We were able to use our spatial and temporal database to determine the expected
background at each location, along with the background variability with respect
to time. More importantly, new observations could be compared against the
background at a location by querying the database for past observations, which
were summed together to produce an accurate background spectrum determination.

\subsection{Spectral Comparison Ratio Anomaly Mapping}

The final component of the SCRAM system is a spectral anomaly detection
algorithm. Our algorithmic approach is based on the method of spectral
comparison ratios (SCRs), as previously developed by other authors
\cite{Pfund:2007,Jarman:2008fm}, with modification to accurately produce a
covariance estimate with limited data, such as the case where few observations
are made within a given spatial area.

The first step is to group data into square spatial cells. (We will refer to
components of the spectral histogram as ``bins'' and the spatial grid as
``cells'' to prevent confusion.) Data within each cell is summed, and the
newly-observed spectrum compared to the cell's recorded background
spectrum. Spatial cell size choices are discussed in Section~\ref{analysis}.

\subsubsection{Spectral Comparison Ratios}

The SCR method does not detect changes in radiation levels, but instead examines
spectral shapes. SCR collects observed gamma counts into energy bins, which may
be chosen to cover certain spectral regions of interest or can be distributed
evenly across the spectrum. Various methods exist to choose energy bins targeted
for detection of particular isotopes \cite{Wei:2010go,Pfund:2010hm}; however,
for this demonstration, we simply chose 8 energy bins which contained roughly
equal numbers of counts in a typical background spectrum, covering the energy
range between 100 and 2500 keV, as shown in
Fig.~\ref{spectral-bins}. Applications which are targeted to specific isotopes
or which wish to reject certain nuisance isotopes may use bins selected for this
purpose. In the course of this research, we examined a number of bin choices,
including bins with widths proportional to the square root of energy, as used in
previous research \cite{Jarman:2008fm}; the results of subsequent analysis were
qualitatively the same regardless of bin choice, although quantitively the
sensitivity to specific isotope detection varied with bin choice, as expected.

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=3.5in]{figures/spectral-bins.pdf}
  \caption{An example background spectrum, with vertical dashed lines indicating
    the boundaries of spectral bins. There are eight bins total.}
  \label{spectral-bins}
\end{figure}

Binning the data into \(n\) energy bins creates a vector of counts \(\mathbf{c}
= [ c_1 c_2 \ldots c_n]\). We also have a background vector, \(\mathbf{b}\),
containing the observed background spectrum, binned in the same way. One energy
bin is chosen as a reference bin (in this case, bin 1). The choice of reference
bin is unimportant, as the anomaly statistic has been shown to be invariant to
the choice of bin \cite{Runkle:2009ev}. The spectral comparison ratios can then
be computed by
\begin{equation}\label{scr}
s_i = c_1 - \frac{b_1}{b_i} c_i,
\end{equation}
for \(i > 1\). Here \(c_1\) and \(b_1\) are the numbers of counts in the
reference bin. This is mathematically equivalent to multiplying the vector
\(\mathbf{c}\) by a spectral shape matrix \(S\):

\begin{equation}
S = \begin{pmatrix}
1 & - \frac{b_1}{b_2} & 0 & \ldots & 0 \\
1 & 0 & - \frac{b_1}{b_3} & \ldots & 0\\
\vdots \\
1 & 0 & 0 & \ldots & -\frac{b_1}{b_n} \\
\end{pmatrix}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\mathbf{s} = S \cdot \mathbf{c}
\end{equation}

There are \((n - 1)\) linearly independent SCRs, since one bin is a reference
bin.  The SCR process compares \(c_1\) against projections based on the ratio
between bins in the background data and the counts in bin \(i\); the deviations
of the projections are given in the SCR vector \(\mathbf{s}\).  Since
\(\mathbf{s}\) is computed using ratios between bins, it is insensitive to
global changes in count rate unless they alter the spectral shape.  This
important feature allows for comparisons of spectra made with unequal
observation times, which happens when numerous observations over wide areas are
aggregated into spatial cells.

\subsubsection{Characterizing Expected Variation}\label{expected-var}

To accurately detect anomalies, we first need to determine what variation can be
expected in the natural background. First, we assume that counts in each energy
bin follow an overdispersed Poisson distribution. As counts are aggregated
across larger spatial cells, they become overdispersed; see
Fig.~\ref{poisson-dispersion}. Consequently, we approximate that \(\text{var}
(c_i) = V c_i\), where \(V\) is the average variance-to-mean ratio of count
rates (\(V=1\) for perfectly Poisson-distributed counts). \(V\) is selected
empirically by calculating the ratio for the area of interest. We know the
relationship between the variance of random variables:
\begin{multline}
\text{var}(aX + bY) = \\
a^2 \text{var}(X)  + b^2 \text{var}(Y) +  2 ab\, \text{cov}(X,Y)
\end{multline}
Hence, using (\ref{scr}) we may estimate \(\text{var}(s_i)\):
\begin{equation}
  \text{var}(s_i) = V c_1 + \left(\frac{b_1}{b_i}\right)^2 V c_i - 2
  \frac{b_1}{b_i} \text{cov}(c_1, c_i)
\end{equation}
Here \(\mathbf{b}\) is treated as an exact value rather than having its variance
propagated. This is a significant simplification, as (\ref{scr}) is nonlinear in
\(\mathbf{b}\) and an exact variance estimate could not be
derived. Consequently, \(\text{var}(s_i)\) will be underestimated. The impact of
this will be explored in Section~\ref{analysis}.

The covariance \(\text{cov}(c_1, c_i)\) would be best estimated from all
previous background observations made in a spatial cell, so that
\(\text{cov}(c_1, c_i) \propto \text{cov}(b_1, b_i)\). However, spatial mapping
would be impractical if it required numerous repeated observations before
detecting anomalies. The relationship between the covariance \(\text{cov}(b_i,
b_j)\) and the correlation \(\text{corr}(b_i, b_j)\) is \cite{Morrison}:

\begin{equation}
  \text{cov}(b_i, b_j) = \text{corr}(b_i, b_j) \sqrt{\text{var}(b_i) \, \text{var}(b_j)}
\end{equation}

To replace \(\text{cov}(c_1, c_i)\) we must also rescale; \(\mathbf{b}\) may
have resulted from an observation of a different duration than
\(\mathbf{c}\). Consequently, we can replace the covariance with a correlation:
\begin{multline}\label{vars}
  \text{var}(s_i) = \\
  V\left(c_1 + \left(\frac{b_1}{b_i}\right)^2 c_i - 2 \frac{b_1}{b_i}
  \left(\frac{T_c}{T_b}\right)^2 \text{corr}(b_1, b_i) \sqrt{b_1 b_i}\right)
\end{multline}
where \(T_c\) is the time taken to observe \(\mathbf{c}\) and \(T_b\) the time
taken to observe \(\mathbf{b}\). This is obtained by replacing
\(\text{var}(b_i)\) with \(\text{var}(b_i T_c/T_b)\), and likewise for
\(\text{var}(b_j)\), rescaling the observation to match the new observation
time.

To compute \(\text{corr}(b_1,b_i)\) we do not rely only on background
observations made in the chosen spatial cell, as there is frequently not enough
data to make this possible. Instead, \(\text{corr}(b_1,b_i)\) is estimated from
observations in all spatial cells by summing together observations into
thirty-second intervals. The correlation between energy bins in these summed
observations is easily computed.

Finally, we can construct the covariance matrix \(\Sigma\) between energy bins
in the SCR vector:
\begin{equation}
\Sigma_{ij} = \text{corr} (s_i, s_j) \sqrt{\text{var}(s_i) \text{var}(s_j)}
\end{equation}
where \(\text{corr} (s_i, s_j)\) is estimated by summing all observations across
all spatial cells in the same way as for \(\text{corr}(b_i,b_1)\), then
comparing each observation to the global mean spectrum to produce
\(\mathbf{s}\).

By using assumptions about the distribution of the data, we have avoided
requiring direct calculation of \(\Sigma_{ij}\) from the data, as required by
past SCR implementations, which would be impossible when there are too few
background observations. To produce well-conditioned and invertible covariance
matrices, many more observations than variables are required. This would require
numerous repeated mapping passes before any anomalies can be detected, making
the system impractical. Approaches based on shrinkage estimators are possible
\cite{Daniels:2001et}, but cannot work if there are only one or two
observations.

The correlation matrices may be computed and reused for anomaly detection in all
spatial cells; in very large regions where spectra vary greatly, the correlation
matrices may be estimated separately for smaller areas within the monitored
region. Any similar method using covariance matrices would require each spatial
cell to contain observations of equal length, or require new covariance matrices
to be computed for each spatial cell.

\subsubsection{Anomaly Detection}

Previous work has developed a simple anomaly detection algorithm which makes use
of the SCR vector \(\mathbf{s}\) \cite{Pfund:2007}. In these applications a set
of many independent background observations \(\mathbf{b}\) are made, and
\(\mathbf{s}\) is calculated for each observation. After computing the
covariance matrix \(\Sigma\) for the resulting set of SCR vectors,
\(\mathbf{s}\) is calculated for the new observation and it is compared to the
background through the mathematical construct of the Mahalanobis distance:

\begin{equation}
\label{dist}
D^2 = \mathbf{s}^T \Sigma^{-1} \mathbf{s}
\end{equation}

The Mahalanobis distance measures the difference between a multivariate
observation and the typical mean, normalizing by the typical variance expressed
in the covariance matrix \cite{Morrison}. This implies that spectral shape
changes consistent with already-observed natural background variations will
cause only small increases in \(D^2\), while changes very different from the
past data will produce large discrepancies.

If the estimated covariance matrix \(\Sigma\) is accurate and the background
radiation source is unchanging, the Mahalanobis distance \(D^2\) should be
\(\chi^2\)-distributed with \((n-1\)) degrees of freedom \cite{Pfund:2010hm}. In
practice there are slight background fluctuations from various natural
processes, and the distribution departs slightly from theoretical predictions
\cite{Pfund:2010hm}. (See Fig.~\ref{scr-distribution}.)

By setting a desired alarm threshold \(D_A\) based on typical natural spectral
variations, one can search for unusually large spectral anomalies, which may
indicate source changes.  To monitor a wide area, observations can be aggregated
into spatial cells and the cumulative spectrum in each cell compared to previous
observations. Each cell may contain different numbers of observations, and an
individual cell may have observations at different times and locations from day
to day.

Due to (\ref{vars}), as \(T_c\) increases \(\text{var}(s_i)\) decreases. This
renders the system more and more sensitive with longer observation times.

The method does not distinguish between equally-sized anomalies from natural or
artificial sources, though the choice of energy bins may be made to optimize
sensitivity to certain isotopes \cite{Pfund:2007}. Additional benefits of this
approach include being able to detect unexpected decreases in radioactivity as
well as the replacement of one radioactive source with another, which may
maintain a constant count rate in a given area while altering the spectral
shape.

\section{Example Dataset}
We collected a sample dataset between June 22nd and August 10th, 2012 at the
University of Texas's J.~J.~Pickle Research Campus.  To survey the campus, the
system was placed in a golf cart and driven on most work days on irregular
routes. Total observation time amounted to twenty hours in 48 observation runs
containing a total of more than 37,000 individual two-second observations.

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=3.5in]{figures/prc-cps.pdf}
  \caption{A map of J.~J.~Pickle Research Campus with gamma counts per second
    overlaid, averaged over one month of mapping. Areas of elevated background
    include the radioactive materials storage facility at the northwest corner
    (A) and a cluster of large brick buildings near central campus (B).}
  \label{prc-cps}
\end{figure}

The natural gamma background varies spatially and temporally due to many natural
factors.  Our surveys revealed a spatially varying natural background across
Pickle Research Campus. A map of average radiation levels over several weeks is
shown in Fig.\ \ref{prc-cps}. Background activities vary spatially by a factor
of two due to natural and artificial sources.

\section{Analysis}
\label{analysis}

\subsection{Poisson Distribution Assumption}

Our algorithmic approach relies on the underlying Poisson distribution of
radiation data.  To test the validity of this assumption, Poisson dispersion
tests were performed on the dataset as a function of spatial scales. The Poisson
dispersion test determines whether a given set of observations could plausibly
have been drawn from the same Poisson distribution \cite{Rao:1956vp}. The test
computes a dispersion parameter \(P\), defined by:
\begin{equation}
P = \frac{1}{\bar x} \sum_{i=1}^N (x_i - \bar{x})^2
\end{equation}
where \(\bar{x}\) is the mean of all observations \(x_i\) and \(N\) the total
number of observations. This parameter is \(\chi^2\)-distributed with \((N -
1)\) degrees of freedom. Using this distribution, a \(p\) value can be computed
for \(P\), indicating the probability that the observed distribution of values
would arise from a Poisson-distributed random variable. For example, dividing
our dataset into 125-meter grid cells, we find that on average, \(p = 0.33\), so
we do not reject the hypothesis that the data are Poisson distributed; this
falls to \(p = 0.17\) for 250-meter cells.

To quantify this, the index of dispersion was computed for all grid cells at
various cell sizes. The index of dispersion \(V\) is a measure of the variance
of a distribution, compared to its mean:
\begin{equation}
V = \frac{\sigma^2}{\mu}
\end{equation}
where \(\mu\) is the distribution's mean and \(\sigma^2\) its variance. The
variance of a Poisson distribution equals its mean, so the index of dispersion
is expected to be one. Fig.\ \ref{poisson-dispersion} shows mean indices of
dispersion for various grid cell sizes, demonstrating that smaller cells tend to
have count rate distributions closer to the expected Poisson distribution, as
expected. To account for this, we adjusted the dispersion parameter \(V\) in
Eq.~\ref{vars} to match the mean index of dispersion for grid cells at a chosen
spatial scale.

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=3.5in]{figures/poisson-dispersion.pdf}
  \caption{Mean, minimum and maximum index of dispersion of counts in each
    energy bin for all grid cells, at specified grid sizes. An index of 1 is
    consistent with a Poisson distribution.  As expected, smaller cells more
    closely match the Poisson distribution, while larger cells have additional
    variance.}
  \label{poisson-dispersion}
\end{figure}

Of course, this problem is dependent on the nature of the area being mapped;
areas with greater spectral variation on short spatial distances will need to be
mapped with smaller spatial cells.

\subsection{Comparing Spatial and Temporal Variation}

Our dataset at the Pickle Research Campus revealed not only spatial but temporal
variation in background. To compare the temporal variation to the spatial
variation, the observation area was divided into grid cells 250 meters on each
side, and each day's set of observations was compared to two or more previous
days using the SCRAM algorithm. Fig.\ \ref{scr-distribution} shows the
distribution of \(D^2\) recorded over several dozen passes through the area
during July 2012. For comparison, it also plots the \(D^2\) values calculated by
comparing each grid cell's spectrum to a fixed reference cell, rather than
comparing it to the same cell on a previous day.

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=3.5in]{figures/scr-distributions.pdf}
  \caption{Distribution of the SCR anomaly statistic \(D^2\) in 250-meter grid
    cells in the sample dataset, with a \(\chi^2\) distribution (with 7 degrees
    of freedom) overlaid. The upper histogram is the result of comparing each
    grid cell to the same cell on the previous day; the lower histogram compares
    each cell to a fixed reference cell, showing spatial rather than temporal
    variation. The lower distribution is clearly shifted to the right.}
  \label{scr-distribution}
\end{figure}

The spatial distribution is clearly shifted to the right, indicating that there
is more spatial variance than temporal variance. This validates the assumption
of the SCRAM method that it is best to compare spectral observations to previous
observations made in the same place, rather than observations made at other
locations. In other words, the background spectra vary much more spatially than
they do temporally. This suggests that alarm thresholds may be set lower when
using the SCRAM method to perform anomaly mapping, giving higher sensitivity
without increased false alarm rates; knowledge of the prior background is more
useful than the detector's knowledge of what it observed thirty seconds ago at a
different location, allowing more sensitive detection.

Further research should also investigate the impact of known natural variations
in background radiation, such as those caused by rainfall's interaction with
radon daughter products, which have been extensively modeled
\cite{Mercier:2009gv}. At least five inches of rainfall occurred during our
observation period, so these effects may be present in our example dataset,
accounting for some of the temporal variance, and can be compared against
existing models.

The presence of \(p < 10^{-3}\) anomalies in Fig.~\ref{scr-distribution} is not
unusual. The \(p\)-values are computed under the \(\chi^2\) distribution, which
the data do not follow perfectly: There are, of course, some true variations in
natural background in the data, and the distribution of counts may be more or
less overdispersed in different spatial cells. As noted in
Section~\ref{expected-var}, estimates of \(\text{var}(s_i)\) are systematically
low, making some observations appear more anomalous than they should. Also, some
spectral comparisons were made with little data -- because of irregular routes,
a spatial cell may only contain a few seconds of data, giving an extremely poor
estimate of the spectrum in that cell. Regardless of these issues, the algorithm
is practical for anomaly detection, as demonstrated in the following
simulations.

\subsection{Detection Performance}

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=3.5in]{figures/scr-injected-prc.pdf}
  \caption{A heatmap of SCR values comparing one day to the previous days, with
    $p$ values computed based on the \(\chi^2\) distribution of \(D^2\). A
    simulated 140 mCi cesium-137 source was injected on the west side of campus,
    at the small square. The detector traveled along the adjacent road, never
    closer than 100 meters.}
  \label{scr-injected-map}
\end{figure}

To demonstrate the expected performance of the SCRAM algorithm, we performed
several simulations. Simulations used real observed spectra from a \(0.844 \,
\mu\text{Ci}\) cesium-137 check source. The simulation code was calibrated by
placing the source at known distances from the scintillator detector, and
accounted for geometric attenuation of count rates, as well as the exponential
attenuation due to gamma absorption in air.

The first simulation, shown in Fig.~\ref{scr-injected-map}, injected a simulated
140 mCi cesium-137 source on the west side of Pickle Research Campus, 100 meters
from the detector's typical path. The detector, driving past at roughly 10 miles
per hour, easily detected the source with \(D^2 = 156\) (a far larger anomaly
than any natural variation recorded in Fig.~\ref{scr-distribution}),
demonstrating the ability of a small moving detector to detect sources at
distance.

Next, we performed a simulation to calculate the minimum detectable radioactive
source size at a variety of distances. We selected the same straight stretch of
road on the northwest corner of the Pickle Research Campus and simulated the
injection of a cesium-137 source at various distances from the road into the
collected background data.

To choose our alarm threshold, we used the anomaly statistics distribution data
shown in Fig.~\ref{scr-distribution}, selecting a threshold which only 1\% of
our example dataset exceeds. This corresponds to a 1\% false alarm rate. For
temporal comparisons of spectra, this threshold is \(D_A^2 = 83\), while for
purely spatial comparisons the result is \(D_A^2 = 113\). We computed the
minimum source size required to achieve a statistical power of 0.8 (that is,
detection of a true positive at least 80\% of the time) for both thresholds, and
the results are given in Fig.~\ref{minimum-detectable}.

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=3.5in]{figures/minimum-detectable.pdf}
  \caption{The minimum cesium-137 source sizes required for detection at least
    80\% of the time, at various distances away from the detector's path, using
    both temporal and spatial comparisons of spectra. Total observation time was
    136 seconds.}
  \label{minimum-detectable}
\end{figure}

These results show that taking advantage of the exact prior background spectrum
at each location leads to approximately 20\% better detection performance over
the use of spectra from a single fixed reference point. Of course, smaller
sources would be detectable with a much larger scintillator or with a much
longer observation time.

\subsection{New and Improved?}

There are many academic, prototype, and commercial systems that map
radiation. The SCRAM system contains many elements in common with previous
demonstrations, including the detector, GPS, spectral binning, spectral
comparison algorithm, and spatial database. For these components, we are
agnostic to replacements: different detectors or spectral binning choices could
be chosen for specific applications. The novel component of the SCRAM system is
estimation of the local background and its variance from previous observations.
As has been pointed out previously, simply deploying larger detectors does not
improve detection performance, as the local background is the limiting factor
\cite{Ziock:2002bo}.

It is instructive to compare the SCRAM system against commercial systems and
federal guidelines. However, these comparisons are difficult, given varying
detector sizes and modes of operation. The Domestic Nuclear Detection Office has
published testing methodologies we plan to follow as our system evolves from a
proof-of-concept \cite{DNDO}. These guidelines require less than one false alarm
per hour for 60-second integrations, amounting to a 1.7\% false alarm rate. We
chose a more strict limit of 1\%, though this is not directly comparable; our
spectral comparisons are made per spatial cell, rather than per 60-second
integration. This limit can be chosen to meet user requirements.

For detection performance comparison, we can look to mapping systems with
similar goals. The commercial ORTEC NaI-SS consists of a \(4\times 4 \times
16^{\prime\prime}\) sodium iodide detector transported by car, recording spatial
and spectral data every second \cite{ORTEC}. For ORTEC's chosen false alarm
rate, the detector can identify a 10 \(\mu\)Ci cesium-137 source at 3 meters
while traveling at 10 miles per hour. Similarly, the SORIS coded aperture imager
uses four large van-mounted sodium iodide plate scintillators, and can detect 1
mCi cesium-137 sources at a distance of 100 meters
\cite{Zelakiewicz:2011ig}. The detector in the SCRAM system is hundreds of times
smaller; a simple scaling of our performance by collection area ignores many
factors, but nevertheless, the SCRAM concept shows its relevance and promise by
displaying significant gains over these previous detection limits when scaled to
their detector sizes. Given all the differences in the systems, direct
quantitative comparisons are not currently in order.

\section{Conclusion}

In this work, we report on the development of an integrated system for wide-area
radiation surveillance. A mobile detector is used to collect multiple-pass data,
which is stored into a spatial-temporal spectral database. We developed a novel
approach for anomaly detection of the spectral content by comparing observations
to previous determinations of the background. Because the spatial variance is
much larger than the temporal variance, this multi-pass methodology has the
potential to deliver increased sensitivity to weak or distant sources, as
demonstrated by simulations.

These developments are the first steps necessary to implement the larger vision
of a providing continuous wide-area surveillance through the use of mobile
sensors. Future improvements to the algorithm include the use of spatial kriging
to improve estimates of background spectral shape, methods to determine optimal
energy bin sizes, and adaptation for use in small, low-power mobile
detectors.

\section*{Acknowledgment}

The authors would like to thank T.~Tipping of the Nuclear Engineering Teaching
Laboratory and S.~Pennington of Environmental Health and Safety at the
University of Texas for their valuable suggestions and support, J.~D.~Biniaz and
P.~Vetter for their suggestions on the context and need for wide-area radiation
surveillance, and staff at Bridgeport Instruments for technical support and
advice regarding use of their detectors. The authors would also like to thank
R.~Schwitters for the suggestion to plot anomalies as \(p\) values, as well as
several other helpful suggestions.

\bibliographystyle{ieeetr}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Column: Christianity and gay rights clash
Maroon Staff
Lindsey Dale
In the past few decades, there has been an interesting movement within the Christian religion that supports putting gays on the same level as heterosexuals. If one follows traditional Christian doctrines, however, one cannot accept homosexuality, as orthodox Christianity is assuredly an anti-gay religion. It was founded following another anti-gay religion, it was intended to be an anti-gay religion, and it was traditionally practiced as an anti-gay religion. There is absolutely no logical reason to suspect that true Christianity, as it was founded, was anything but anti-gay, and there consequently is no logical reason for a real Christian to be anything but anti-gay. If you are a Christian who does support homosexuality, you need to take another look at your beliefs.
To start off, the Bible is most definitely opposed to homosexuality. There are numerous references in the Bible that explicitly condemn gays as immoral, evil and deserving of eternal punishment. In the New Testament anti-gay rhetoric can be found in I Corinthians 6:9; 10, Romans 1:24-27 and I Timothy 1:10. In the Old Testament similar condemnations can be found in Leviticus 18:22 and 20:13. The other writings of the Jewish religion, found in the Torah, contain additional severe condemnations of homosexuality.
Some may argue that the Bible has been misinterpreted or mistranslated by anti-gay individuals to make Christianity seem like it is against homosexuality, yet there is no circumstantial evidence to suggest that the Bible was intended to be supportive of gays. Instead there is only evidence to the contrary. Jewish and Christian cultures have traditionally practiced banishment and punishment of gays. For thousands of years, these religious cultures even executed gays for their deviance. There is absolutely no logical reason to suspect that the writings and moral codes that came out of these cultures could be anything except anti-gay.
In any case, there is plenty of evidence outside the Bible that Christianity truly was founded as a religion that taught homosexuality is wrong. The earliest Christian church was traditionally anti-gay. Proof of this lies in early Christian writings like "The Didache" (A.D. 70 – before the Bible was completed), Justin Martyr's "First Apology" (A.D. 151), Clement of Alexandria's "Exhortation to the Greeks" (A.D. 190), Tertullian's "Modesty" (A.D. 220) and many more. It is rather illogical to believe that Jesus really did preach acceptance of homosexuality, as that would necessitate all his followers to completely reverse his teachings almost instantly after his death.
There are many other reasons for Christians to believe their religion in its original form is anti-gay. If Christianity was founded in the first century and was pro-gay, why were there no mainstream Christian sects that accepted homosexuality until the 1800s? If the Christian God really was supportive of gays, how could he have allowed those anti-gay passages to get into his Bible? If he truly did not consider the gay lifestyle to be a grievous sin, then why did he order gays to be put to death under Judaism? If Christianity was not started with the intention of being anti-gay, why did everything that was in its original inspiration so emphatically damn gays? If Jesus Christ actually did endorse homosexuality as a normal life choice, why didn't the writers or historians from the time who were separate from Christianity record these unusual practices?
In the end, Christianity is most decidedly a religion that is anti-gay in its orthodox form. If there is a God, and the Christian religion as it was founded is truly his religion, then homosexuality is most definitely to be viciously condemned in the most strict form possible; and if you disagree with the conclusion, you might want to revisit the premise.
Lindsey Dale is a music education senior. She can be reached at [email protected]
In My Opinion is a weekly column open to any Loyola student. Those interested in contributing can contact [email protected]
Column: There's more to sports that you don't know
Column: Being a small program makes us great
Column: Howlin' haunted places to avoid on campus
Column: Saints are going for broke
Column: Give artificial ice a chance
Column: For a Greater Loyola
Column: How to do Mardi Gras the right way
Opinion: We need to talk about menstrual cycles
COLUMN: Jazz & Heritage Festival continues celebrating all things New Orleans
In My Opinion: G-Eazy deserves his fame


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The Versatile Rotary Vacuum Pump- Vacuum Pump - EVP Vacuum Solution!
A rotary vacuum pumps is generally used in the farming industry. The benefits of a rotary pump are the strength, sized and dependability. Just as any other machine it is important to keep it maintained and in good working condition.
The rotary vacuum pump a beneficial tool in farming, because it has the ability to pump water a long distance. Farmers need this to pump water from the source through acres of fields to their crops. Farmers depend on the rotary pump, because of its proven track record of being dependable. They do not have time to worry about their pump; they have many other chores that need their attention.
A rotary vacuum pump works in the same manor an engine does. A rotor type gadget runs in a cylinder. The vacuum is formed when the rotor goes down the cylinder, thus sucking the gas, water, etc into the cylinder through the inlet valve.
Once the intake is complete, the intake valve closes and next the outtake valve now opens. This allows the flow back of the gas, water, etc to move to another pathway. This pathway takes the product to the destination by means of the vacuum.
To ensure your pump will continue to be dependable provide proper maintenance and use as instructed. Use the proper parts that match the needs of your rotary vacuum pump, especially when it comes to gauges. If necessary consult a pump specialist to provide you guidance on the proper components to be used on your pump.
The rotary vacuum pump has many different uses in a variety of industries. In the medical industry application they are used for processes as delicate as blood transfusions. Also used in bulky industrial applications, like for sewage systems, this type of pump play an important role. They are also used in the drying of products and materials from lumber to the freeze drying of food products. They can remove air from vacuum packaging application, preventing spoilage or ruin the appearance of a product.


text:
Q: PHP fputcsv not Outputting First Row From SQL Query (Outputs all Other Rows After the First Row) I am using the very simple code below to export a CSV of all of my MySQL table's data, "members". However, there is a total of 560 rows in the MySQL table, but the CSV only shows 559 of the MySQL table's rows (it does not display the very first database's table's row). Does anyone know why this is, or perhaps what I can change in my code in order to fix this issue?
// BEGIN EXPORT ALL FROM EDITOR
if(isset($_POST['export_csv'])) {
    $today_date = date('Y-m-d_h-i-s-a', time());
    $FileName = "download/report_mailing_list_export_".$today_date.".csv";
    $file = fopen($FileName,"w");

        $sql = mysqli_query($dbc, "SELECT * FROM member WHERE memberid != 1 AND deleted=0 AND website = 0 ORDER BY last_name, first_name DESC");

        $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($sql);
    // Save headings alon
        $HeadingsArray=array();
        foreach($row as $name => $value){
            $HeadingsArray[]=$name;
        }

        fputcsv($file,$HeadingsArray);

    // Save all records without headings
        while($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($sql)){
        $valuesArray=array();
            foreach($row as $name => $value){
            $valuesArray[]=$value;
            }
        fputcsv($file,$valuesArray);
        }
        fclose($file);

    header("Location: $FileName");
}
// END EXPORT

A: You calling mysqli_fetch_assoc($sql); before while loop, which iterates over first row. You may change it to something like this:
// BEGIN EXPORT ALL FROM EDITOR
if(isset($_POST['export_csv'])) {
    $today_date = date('Y-m-d_h-i-s-a', time());
    $FileName = "download/report_mailing_list_export_".$today_date.".csv";
    $file = fopen($FileName,"w");

        $sql = mysqli_query($dbc, "SELECT * FROM member WHERE memberid != 1 AND deleted=0 AND website = 0 ORDER BY last_name, first_name DESC");

        $row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($sql);
    // Save headings alon
        $HeadingsArray=array();
        foreach($row as $name => $value){
            $HeadingsArray[]=$name;
        }

        fputcsv($file,$HeadingsArray);

    // Save all records without headings
        do {
            $valuesArray=array();
            foreach($row as $name => $value){
                $valuesArray[]=$value;
            }
            fputcsv($file,$valuesArray);
        } while($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($sql));
        fclose($file);

    header("Location: $FileName");
}
// END EXPORT

In this case, you will reuse $row from first iteration.


text:
Q: HierarchicalDataTemplate TreeView - ContainerFromItem returns TreeViewItem only for the first Item I have a TreeView as follows:
<TreeView
    Loaded="tv_Loaded_1"
    DockPanel.Dock="Bottom"
    Name="tv"
    ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=*}">
    <TreeView.ItemTemplate>
        <HierarchicalDataTemplate
            ItemsSource="{Binding XPath=*}">
            <StackPanel
                Orientation="Horizontal">
                <TextBlock
                    Text="{Binding Name}"></TextBlock>
            </StackPanel>
        </HierarchicalDataTemplate>
    </TreeView.ItemTemplate>
</TreeView>

In code behind, I am using the following xml as DataContext:
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(@"<c></c><d></d><e><f></f><g></g></e>");
DataContext = doc;

TreeView is generating fine, but while enumerating the Items, I get TreeViewItem only for the first XmlNode(root node i.e. ) and the remaining XmlNodes down in the hierarchy do not have any corresponding TreeViewItems present.
private IEnumerable<TreeViewItem> Enumerate(ItemCollection items)
{
    foreach (XmlElement element in items)
    {
        TreeViewItem item = tv.ItemContainerGenerator.ContainerFromItem(element) as TreeViewItem;
        if (item != null) //When second call with .Items, item is null
        {
            yield return item;
        }
        //Enumerate is called again with .Items
        //Exception in second call, because item is null
        foreach (TreeViewItem i in Enumerate(item.Items))
        {
            yield return i;
        }
    }
}

private void tv_Loaded_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
   var list = Enumerate(tv.Items).ToList();
}

Why the rest of the XmlNodes in the Tree do not have any TreeViewItem present?
Any help is greatly appreciated.

A: It's because the other items aren't in tv, they are in the 'a' TreeViewItem. But, they really are not in 'a' yet either because the TreeViewItem isn't expanded and the layout hasn't been updated.
You can make it work by passing in the ItemsControl (either tv or the parent TreeViewItem) and using it to get the ContainerFromItem. But, you will have to expand the item and update it's layout before you will get a container.
Here is some code to do the above. A side effect will be that the tree is fully expanded.
private IEnumerable<TreeViewItem> Enumerate(ItemsControl itemsControl, ItemCollection items)
{
    foreach (XmlElement element in items)
    {
        TreeViewItem item = itemsControl.ItemContainerGenerator.ContainerFromItem(element) as TreeViewItem;
        if (item != null) //When second call with .Items, item is null
        {
            item.IsExpanded = true;
            item.UpdateLayout();

            yield return item;
        }
        //Enumerate is called again with .Items
        //Exception in second call, because item is null
        foreach (TreeViewItem i in Enumerate(item, item.Items))
        {
            yield return i;
        }
    }
}

private void tv_Loaded_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    var list = Enumerate(tv, tv.Items).ToList();
}

Actually, you only really need to pass in the ItemsControl. Also, I put some code in to close the tree back up.
private IEnumerable<TreeViewItem> Enumerate(ItemsControl itemsControl)
{
    foreach (XmlElement element in itemsControl.Items)
    {
        TreeViewItem item = itemsControl.ItemContainerGenerator.ContainerFromItem(element) as TreeViewItem;
        if (item != null) //When second call with .Items, item is null
        {
            item.IsExpanded = true;
            item.UpdateLayout();

            yield return item;
        }
        //Enumerate is called again with .Items
        //Exception in second call, because item is null
        foreach (TreeViewItem i in Enumerate(item))
        {
            yield return i;
        }
    }
}

private void tv_Loaded_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    var list = Enumerate(tv).ToList();
    // Unexpand all the items
    list.ForEach(tvi => tvi.IsExpanded = false);
}


text:
The Republican Party's Constitutional Coup
Gene Lyons
October 02 | 2013
Chances are that when the GOP inevitably capitulates, the vote to end the government shutdown will be surprisingly one-sided.
And what with 72 percent of voters in a Quinnipiac University poll saying they disapprove of the shutdown, the retreat almost can't happen soon enough to save the Republican Party from the charlatanism of Senator Ted Cruz (R-TX) and screwball allies like Rep. Michele Bachmann (R-MN).
Writing in the Washington Examiner, the well-connected conservative columnist Byron York estimates that as many as 175 of the 233 House Republicans are prepared to support a "clean" budget resolution stripped of references to the Affordable Care Act.
Embarrassing? Definitely. Beaten by Senator Harry Reid (D-NV) and President Obama, two weaklings they'd seen as sure to back down. An object lesson in believing your own bull…, well, your own propaganda.
However, there's also safety in numbers. The fewer diehards holed up in the Tea Party's self-constructed Alamo, the hollower their accusations of cowardice and treason will sound to sane GOP voters come the 2014 primary season.
For what it's worth—the story is characteristically unsourced—Politico reports that "Speaker John Boehner (R-OH) has privately warned House Republicans that they could lose their majority in 2014 as a result of shutting down the government."
Well, no kidding. Parsing the Speaker's evolving public statements, York suggests that he may be leaning toward allowing a vote on a clean resolution sooner rather than later—something Boehner could have done weeks ago if the gentleman had a spine.
Exactly how the third most powerful figure in the U.S. government found himself backed into this humiliating position is a matter of conjecture. With people throwing around Neville Chamberlin analogies of late—the British prime minister who bargained away Czechoslovakia to Hitler for an illusory peace in 1938—Speaker Boehner definitely qualifies for a dishonorable mention.
Because, you see, contrary to the hoary conventions of Washington journalism, this made-for-TV crisis has never really been a sign of "partisan gridlock" or any such thing. Even my own gibe about Republicans losing to Harry Reid and Barack Obama above is somewhat misleading.
The real fight hardly involves Democrats, one reason Reid's had little trouble keeping the Senate majority in line. "As a matter of politics," James Fallows writes in The Atlantic, "this is different from anything we learned about in classrooms or expected until the past few years. We're used to thinking that the most important disagreements are between the major parties, not within one party; and that disagreements over policies, goals, tactics can be addressed by negotiation or compromise.
"This time, the fight that matters is within the Republican Party, and that fight is over whether compromise itself is legitimate."
By attempting to use budgetary extortion to annul a law passed by both houses of Congress, found constitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court, and ratified by a presidential election, an inflamed minority inside the Republican Party is attempting something like a constitutional coup d'état.
Fallows: "there is no post-Civil War precedent for what the House GOP is doing now. It is radical, and dangerous for the economy and our process of government, and its departure from past political disagreements can't be buffed away or ignored."
Indeed, an increasing number of conscientious Republicans have grown alarmed. Former George W. Bush speechwriter Michael Gerson: "We are no longer seeing a revolt against the Republican leadership, or even against the Republican "establishment"; this revolt is against anyone who accepts the constraints of political reality. Conservatives are excommunicated not for holding the wrong convictions but for rational calculations in service of those convictions."
The odds that Speaker Boehner fails to comprehend the radical nature of the Tea Party extortion threat, its nonexistent chances of prevailing, and the damage it's doing to the GOP are vanishingly small. This is very far from his first rodeo. The suntanned golfer is an 11-term congressman who's been involved in party leadership fights almost since arriving in Washington.
Even so, he's caught in a trap of his own devising. Unwilling to allow any bill to reach the House floor that needs Democratic votes to pass—such as the current budget resolution—he's found himself checkmated by 30 to 50 Tea Party zealots he needs to get anything done. To cross them would risk losing the Speakership. And that would never do.
Like many, Washington Post columnist David Ignatius sees Boehner as a total failure: "Unable to control his own caucus, negotiate effectively with the president or pass legislation, he flounders in office—a likable man who is utterly ineffective."
More optimistically, Byron York depicts the Speaker employing a deliberate rope-a-dope strategy: "After another defeat or two, and under the pressure of a shutdown, Boehner will finally turn to the 30 and say, 'We tried it your way, over and over. Now, the majority will pass a resolution.'"
Peace in our time.
AFP Photo/Nicholas Kamm


text:
World January 5, 2021 January 5, 2021
Double gunfire in Essex kills one
by Hermínio Guimarães
Baltimore County Police said a man died on Monday after a double gunfire in Essex, and police were called at around 1:25 p.m. Monday to Building 900 of Ashbridge Drive, where he shot two men outside Kings Mill apartments and apartment houses. Hospital victims. Kenneth Andre Chamberlain, 25, from Baltimore, was injured by at least one bullet in the upper body while leaving an apartment building. The second victim was identified as a 26-year-old man who was hit by at least one bullet in the upper body, and police said Chamberlain died in hospital. No information was immediately received as to whether or not anyone was in custody, and the police are asking anyone who may have seen anyone or anything in that area at the time of the shooting to contact the police at 20-2020-307 410 or the crime metro station. At the number 866-7LOCKUP. This report will be updated.
ESSEX, Md. –
Baltimore County Police said a man died on Monday after a double gunfire in Essex.
Police were called at around 1:25 pm on Monday to Building 900 of Ashbridge Drive, where two men were shot outside Kings Mill Apartments and Townhomes.
Medics took the two victims to hospitals. Kenneth Andre Chamberlain, 25, from Baltimore, was injured by at least one bullet in the upper body while leaving an apartment building. The second victim was identified as a 26-year-old man who was hit by at least one bullet in the upper body.
Police said Chamberlain died in hospital.
There was no immediate word if anyone was in detention.
READ At least 12 people were killed in two landslides in Indonesia
The police are asking anyone who may have seen anyone or anything in that area at the time of the shooting to call the police at 410-307-2020 or Metro Crime Stoppers at 866-7LOCKUP.
This report will be updated.
Hermínio Guimarães
"Introvertido premiado. Viciado em mídia social sutilmente charmoso. Praticante de zumbis. Aficionado por música irritantemente humilde."
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At the bell: Wisconsin 80, Indiana 73 – Inside Hall


text:
Pet lover holds jumble sale in aid of Animal Rescue Charity
Published: 12:05 PM July 8, 2010 Updated: 6:42 PM November 1, 2020
A PET lover who rescued two kittens has been inspired to host her own fundraising event for an animal charity.
Amy Hughes, 32, of Rickling Green is holding a jumble sale in Quendon village hall at 2pm on Saturday (July 10) in aid of the Animal Rescue Charity.
Mrs Hughes said: "I rescued two kittens from the charity four years ago and I was amazed at the wonderful work it does. It is solely funded by donations so every penny counts.
"The two kittens I re-homed had been dumped in box in a thunderstorm in Stansted and were thankfully found by a dog walker. I just knew then that I had to help make sure the charity stayed open to help animals in need.
"It got me thinking that I should be giving something back to the community and it turns out there are a lot of like minded people out there wanting to do their bit."
It is the second year Mrs Hughes has held the event. Last year she managed to raise over �500 – and she is hoping to do better that this time around.
"I got such amazing support last year and it seems that animal welfare is an issue close to everyone's heart," she said.
"Due to popular demand I'm hoping to make it an annual event. The feeling of handing over that cheque was fantastic; I just wish I had more time to make even more money."
Tea and a tombola will be available on the day and there is free parking. The village hall will be open on the Friday night before the sale (July 9), from 6pm to 9pm, and again on Saturday morning from 10am to noon, for anyone wishing to donate items.
? The Animal Rescue Charity is based in Bishop's Stortford. It aims to allow animals to live their life without fear or exploitation, and to run a rehabilitation programme. For more information call 01279 501547.


text:
I Banū ʿAbd al-Ashhal () furono un clan della tribù araba di Yathrib dei Banu Aws.

Assieme agli altri due clan dei Ẓafar e degli Ḥāritha essi costituivano i cosiddetti Banū al-Nabīt.

Pagani come le altre tribù arabe dell'oasi higiazena e adoratori in particolare di Manat, parteciparono alla battaglia di Buʿāth.

I B. ʿAbd al-Ašhal abbracciarono la fede islamica quando il loro Sayyid, Saʿd b. Muʿādh si convertì al credo predicato da Maometto, rinforzandolo in tal modo non poco, anche alla luce che il maggior numero di convertiti di Yahtrib proveniva dalle file dell'altra tribù araba dei Banu Khazraj.

Bibliografia
J. Wellhausen, Skizzen und Vorarbeiten, Berlino 1889 (cap. IV, 1, "Medina vor dem Islam").
A. P. Caussin de Perceval, Essai sur l'histoire des Arabes avant l'Islamisme, Parigi, 1847 (cap. II, pp. 202, 212 e 646-690).

Storia dell'islam
Popoli arabi
Persone legate a Medina


Get ready for bed in style with an animal eye mask that you'll love! Choose the Adorable Monkey Eye Mask and show off your love for monkeys. This monkey-themed eye mask is perfect for a sleepover. You can also purchase this mask to put into goody bags for your birthday party guests!


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