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An Unpopular But Good Idea: Raising Legislative Salaries
In our last post, we talked about the upcoming battle of ideas within the conservative movement. Along those same lines, in that post, we discussed that over the next few weeks and months, this blog would be discussing some ideas in greater detail -- 5 generally popular ideas that we think are bad ideas, as well as 5 generally unpopular ideas that we think would be good.
We have decided to start off that series by tackling an idea which would fall within the latter set -- the generally quite unpopular notion that state legislative salaries should be increased.
Yes, even in the age of cuts to state government, including state employees, we feel that it would be wise for the salaries of state legislators to be increased -- in fact, quite dramatically. In addition, it is our opinion that state legislators, beyond leadership, should be given some degree of a budget -- or, perhaps, campaign contribution limits lifted -- in order to better maintain constituent communications.
This issue came to our attention as a result of actions in this most recent session which included proposals to reduce the pay of state employees, including state legislators. It also came to our attention again when as the veto session was wrapping up, there was talk of not paying legislators for days past the statutory 90-day limit.
Putting aside the notion that these proposals were symbolic in nature, with no real substance, we feel that such ideas are actually contrary to the very purpose by which the lower salaries were enacted in the first place -- to maintain a citizen legislature.
The reasons for our proposals to increase legislative pay and also allow a staffing budget can be summed up in three simple arguments:
1. The level and structure of pay is so low for state legislators that it discourages good people from running; and, even if they do run, it also encourages good people to leave office before they would.
2. The level and cycle of pay also ends up creating a "false clock" where too often we have seen that the primary concern come the veto session is for legislators to get home rather than pass a good budget-- this is understandable if pay is going to be stopped and when jobs at home demand attention.
3. Legislators are overwhelmed and unable to respond or interact with constituents in a way that should be expected. This is partially due to the fact that for 9 months out of the year, legislators barely receive anything pay wise, and they receive no staff help beyond a legislative secretary for 3 months, unless they decide to pay for it out of pocket. While they are free to pay for help out of campaign funds, those funds are also limited because of contribution limits. So, most legislators do not have such help, and this limits their ability to represent their constituents.
Now, at first blush, increasing legislative pay and/or staff allowances might run contrary to the notion of limited government. And, certainly, there is a level of pay by which such a threshold would be reached, without a doubt. But, the truth is, we are nowhere near that in Kansas. In fact, it is our view that having a system which incentivizes legislators to adjourn because of an artificial clock leads to bad governing, and too often bad governing leads to big government -- as it is easier to vote yes for a budget that grows than it is to vote no and delay the budget process further. Simply put, the easiest way for a legislator to go home "on time" is to vote yes on the budget.
And, to be sure, there is a level of state legislative pay and staff assistance which would trigger a threshold which wouldn't be appropriate. And, as seen by California's state legislative pay of $115K a year, there is no "tie" of higher salaries to better government, necessarily. But, Kansas is nowhere near that level..but, we do feel that when quality people are discouraged from running for office -- and we, as a blog, know of several anecdotal cases where a quality individual would have ran if not for the low pay -- that is not a good system. Most Kansas legislators receive, in real pay, only around $13,000 a year or so in pay. Aside from leadership, they have no staff. At $86/day, Kansas is near the bottom of state legislative salaries (though not the lowest).
The truth is the fifty states run the full spectrum of pay, from the aforementioned California on one end to Texas at the other. In our opinion, we would favor something in the middle -- like Missouri or Minnesota, who pay their legislators 31,000 a year. Oklahoma, another neighboring state, pays theirs $38,000 a year. Iowa pays $25,000. Colorado pays $30,000. While the 25-40k range (we'd advocate around $25-30K) is not one high enough to be an incentive for someone tor run, it is high enough that it is likely not a disincentive, at least for someone who truly wanted to be a citizen legislator.
Salaries in that range would be appropriate and not represent a major hike in the state budget either. If each legislator, for instance, were paid $15,000, that would be a $1.875 million hike in salaries. That would take legislator salaries near the $30,000 mark.
The concept of a staff allowance is more problematic as a result of fact you're talking about additional state employees, all of which would have a decent salary, most likely. Current legislative staffers for leadership make in the $40-60K range. However, we don't feel this is necessary. There is actually another solution to the issue of "staff" help -- a bit of a hybrid solution:
One, provide each legislator a $10,000 budget for hiring staff during the session, which for all practical purposes, 90 day limit aside, lasts from January 1 to June 1, so that would amount to $2,000 a month. In addition, the state would also raise or completely lift contribution limits to campaigns -- a concept we favor anyway, for other reasons -- and this would allow legislators to raise their own money to make up the difference.
If the $10,000 allowance proposal plus the $15,000 hike in legislative pay were both enacted, you'd have an annual increase of $3 million a year, approximately, which we believe can surely be found in a $6 billion budget.
Of course, some will question the wisdom of this...to combat those arguments, we will address the three points we made before in further detail:
1. A citizen legislature is indeed a good notion, but a citizen legislature doesn't mean an unpaid or poorly paid citizen legislature. Right now, the current system basically restricts those who will seek office to independent businesspeople who have an ongoing source of income, retired individuals, lawyers, or ranchers/farmers...and while there is nothing wrong with any of these, it would be nice to broaden it. Certainly, to some degree, state legislatures will always somewhat be limited talent-wise due to the time-factor as well as the modest pay factor (even in a system in which salaries were higher) -- a system in which a legislator was paid $25-40,000 would be high enough not to discourage someone who is in a modest job from seeking office, and furthermore, for entrepreneurs who would have the time flexibility, it wouldn't discourage them either, as $25-40,000 would be high enough to offset some of the income loss, whereas the current figure is too low to do so.
2. If we were to get rid of the 90 day limit and generally increase pay, state legislators wouldn't pay as much attention to the legislative clock and the need to get home, and likely be willing to stick out tough battles such as we saw this year over the budget. For example, a wavering conservative state legislator who would like to vote no on a bad budget might be more likely to do so if he had the peace of mind in knowing he didn't have to get home soon to get back to work in his normal paid job. While that is indeed a good thing -- we believe the current system places too much emphasis on it, making "getting home" the paramount concern over good legislating.
Related to this is the whole notion of the 90-day calendar anyway, something we feel should be explored as well. We believe that coupled with any pay hike should be more sessions in other parts of the year. Too often committee chairmen who don't want to hear bills will essentially pocket veto them by using the short legislative calendar as a weapon. This is tied to the issue of legislative pay, obviously, but we believe that a legislature which doesn't operate 9 months of the year, including seven months straight sets itself up for a system where good legislation will be delayed without a good reason...yes, special sessions are always possible, but they are quite rare. We believe a system should be explored where there would be both a summer and fall session -- at least in non-election years. That way, pocket vetoing legislation would be put to an end, and we could get more year round reviews of agency and school budgets, which would be a very good thing.
3. As we noted before, the state deals with a number of important issues, from education to taxation to regulations, all of which have a profound impact on the lives of Kansans. As such, citizens have a great deal of input that deserves to be heard and responded to by state legislators. However, it is nearly impossible for legislators to handle this on their own, and as such, often times the level of representation is less than it should be. The tasks done by a legislative office are tasks which require human assistance, and such human assistance would not only help the legislators in office, it would also encourage more individuals to become more interested and more involved in the operation of state government.
Such human assistance, which would be acting in the best interest of the legislator and that legislator's constituents, would also help legislators rely less upon lobbyists who by definition, representing some kind of an agenda. Let's keep in mind that most state agencies have staffers which are, of course, looking for reasons to increase funds to their agency -- perhaps more legislative staff would help root out money that could be saved, given the legislature, by definition, is the oversight agency of executive agencies. And, this concept is not foreign -- in other states, such as Florida, State Reps have district offices, even. And while some would say 'well, yes, that's Florida -- a big state -- are the lives of Floridians somehow more important than those of Kansans? In our view, the only difference is that in Florida, there would need to be more staffers due to the size of the state, but that doesn't mean Kansans should have none.
Of course, enacting this reform will be difficult, even if most legislators felt it was a good idea. Reason being, most Kansans simply don't realize how low legislative pay is, nor do they realize they don't have staff. All the voter sees is a "legislature hikes salaries" headline, and candidates are afraid their opponents will use it against them.
We have two answers to this:
1. Legislative pay hikes do not take effect for an individual legislator until that person is re-elected. So, a legislator must pass an election cycle in order for a salary hike. This is a built in protection.
2. To prevent the political question, Democrats and Republicans should vote as a unit -- 125-0 and 40-0 -- for the above proposals, as they are not partisan in nature -- everyone would benefit, as the principles we have expressed would apply equally. While there would be a story and perhaps a little pushback towards any such pay hike, we believe if done unanimously, the shelf life would be limited and end up having limited impact at the election, even if an opponent tried to use it.
At the end of the day, our goal is what most envision in a state legislature -- a citizen legislature -- and we feel that the reforms mentioned here will help achieve that aim.
Posted by K&B at 11:11 PM
Labels: Kansas Legislature, legislative pay
The Coming Battle of Ideas
Last week, the 2012 Presidential Campaign began with the first presidential debate among some of the prospects for the Republican nomination. On the stage were Rick Santorum, Herman Cain, Tim Pawlenty, Ron Paul, and Gary Johnson. Absent were Mitt Romney, Michele Bachmann, Newt Gingrich, Donald Trump, as well as possible candidates Mitch Daniels, Jon Huntsman, Mike Huckabee, and Sarah Palin.
What struck us was not the debate or the candidates themselves, but what they represented, which was perhaps the widest divergence of views within the conservative movement we have ever seen.
In the past 23 years, there have been four cycles -- 1988, 1996, 2000, 2008 -- when there was a contested Republican primary field. In the other two years -- 1992 and 2004 -- we had an incumbent President, both named Bush. However, it's worth noting that in 1992, Pat Buchanan challenged President George Bush.
In the other four years with contested primaries, the makeup was very similar -- all were hawkish on the military, all but maybe one was pro-life, all but one or two were socially conservative (though all claimed to be somewhat), and all were for somewhat limited government and lower taxes. In some cases, you might have someone very socially conservative (like Robertson in 1988 and Quayle in 2000), or someone more protectionist (like Buchanan in 1992, 1996 and 2000), or someone more focused on economics (Gramm in 1996 or Forbes in 2000), but largely the candidates were the same. Two candidates who were somewhat moderate on social issues -- Arlen Specter in 1996 and Rudy Guiliani in 2008 -- went nowhere.
Even in the last cycle, 2008 -- the candidates all pretty much preached similar messages. Fred Thompson was perhaps the most honest of the bunch, speaking boldly about the need to reform entitlements. But, Fred, Huckabee, Romney, Rudy, McCain -- all were the same -- hawkish on defense, generally fiscally conservative, generally socially conservative (Rudy less so). The exception was Ron Paul, who with his small but intense army, stayed in the race til the end, offering a different view on almost every subject -- end the wars overseas, social libertarianism, and economic libertarianism, going much further than most conservatives are willing to go. But largely, Paul was a distraction.
The end result of all four cycles was also the same -- the establishment "next choice" won out -- Bush in 1988, Dole in 1996, Bush in 2000, and McCain in 2008. We went 2-2 in those four, by the way.
However, this year -- in 2012, we are beginning to see the emergence of a conservative movement -- and as such, a Republican party -- with a wide variety of views that are now playing themselves out on the presidential stage.
Ron Paul and Gary Johnson are anti-drug war, anti-war, fiscal conservatives who are increasingly arguing for social libertarianism as well -- essentially, they are arguing for a "get the government out of everything" message.
Rick Santorum, on the other hand, brings a message of pro-life, socially conservative views that he is not afraid to express, perhaps less afraid than any major presidential candidate since Pat Robertson, even more so than Mike Huckabee. Rick Santorum has made a point of saying that if the conservative movement, and the country as well, lose their social values, then we aren't really a movement anymore. Santorum, however, is in favor of limited government fiscally and is a traditional hawk on foreign policy.
Herman Cain is a social conservative, but less so than Santorum, seems to be somewhat hawkish on the military, but offers a new viewpoint on tax policy -- advocating very strongly for the Fair Tax. He's not the first to do so -- Huckabee did in 2008 and one wonders if Huckabee and Cain can't go very far if they are both in the same field - and Cain also offers a persona appealing to tea party types -- he makes a big deal about never holding elected office, something that really we've not heard from a serious candidate since perhaps Steve Forbes, and in our view, Cain is more appealing personally than Forbes ever was, even though this blog prefers Forbes' flat tax to Cain's Fair Tax.
Finally there is Tim Pawlenty, who represents the Lamar Alexander/George W. Bush message of past cycles. He would be what Republican nominees for most officers are -- decent fiscal conservative, decent social conservative, hawkish on the military -- but not a passionate advocate for any, with a bit more of a moderate tone that might appeal to swing voters.
Looking beyond the five that participated -- you have the queen of the Tea Party, Michele Bachmann, the darling of conservatives in 2008 in Sarah Palin, the establishment king Mitt Romney, the intellectual Newt Gingrich, whose personal "issues" would have (and may still) disqualified him from past fields, and the interesting, and perhaps eventual compromise choice in Mitch Daniels, who on one hand, called for a "truce" on social issues, yet on the other, signed a major pro-life bill just a couple of weeks ago. Of course, you also have Donald Trump, who is a wild card of views and personality all his own...yet one who is in the Top 2 or 3 of most early polls among the GOP field.
Without getting into too much more detail about the candidates themselves, what is striking is how what is playing out here is an emerging battle of ideas within the conservative movement, where we will be debating the following four key broad policy questions:
1. Are we hawkish on defense and terrorism or do we want to pull back? Though most candidates seem to continue to push for a hawkish viewpoint, there seems to be an ever-growing call within certain sections of the tea party and conservative movement, people who are now beyond Ron Paul types, who are advocating for getting out of Iraq and Afghanistan, no intervention in Libya, and even pulling back foreign aid from countries that were previously considered vital national security interests. Some of this stems from views of limited government, some of it is Pat Buchanan protectionism, while some of it is simply saying "its none of our business".
2. Beyond the pro-life issue, are we going to be socially conservative? Will we defend the family? The abortion issue continues to be front and center within the conservative movement, as even libertarians are often pro-life, arguing (justifiably) that the individual unborn child has liberty. So, in our view, the pro-life movement is still going strong, as evidenced here in Kansas and also in Indiana, as well as other states, by the passage of fetal pain legislation. Though slow moving battle, it seems that the country is certainly moving in the direction of upholding life.
However, beyond the life issue, it is an open question whether the country, and even the conservative movement, is moving away from social conservatism on issues like marriage, acceptance or non-acceptance of alternative lifestyles, religion, and even the family unit itself. Ron Paul argued for the government getting out of the marriage business entirely last week, a concept that would have gotten him booed off the stage in past cycles, but one that drew applause this time. Here in Kansas, the Republican dominated state legislature didn't pass the Community Defense Act, which would have restricted sex shops. Nationally, the marriage issue is losing some ground -- marriage laws continue to be passed, but concepts like civil unions are gaining more favor. Don't Ask, Don't Tell was repealed. Family units other than the nuclear family are being accepted as mainstream for reasons other than necessity, but rather, by choice. It is also the observation of this blog that churches, though large in numbers, are more luke warm than ever before, talking more exclusively about broad concepts of spirituality and salvation (both essential, of course) and less willing to engage the culture -- for example, in 2008, the Pastor at the very large Church of the Resurrection didn't come out against the Missouri ballot initiative to allow funding for embryonic stem cell research.
So, it remains an open question as to whether or not traditional values will be part of the conservative movement or not, and whether the government will have any role in defining certain moral parameters, which of course, are largely a reflection in which the government is in. Rick Santorum, Mike Huckabee, and others will argue it should. Others will either call for a truce or say it shouldn't.
3. What is the role of government? This goes beyond issues of social conservatism, but even economics and government assistance. Should we have a war on drugs? Should substances like marijuana be banned? What's the role of government in education, even at the state and local level? Should there be consumer protections? Even if we all agree many environmental laws go too far, should we have environmental laws at all? Should there be a safety net, at all? Should we even have things like unemployment insurance? This doesn't even get into issues like funding for the arts, etc, where conservatives are largely moving against. On this front, it could very well depend on the issue, but some certainly argue for either none or extremely limited government -- and increasingly, it's harder to find conservatives willing to make a case for at least some government.
4. What is our tax policy going to be? There seems to be an increasing push/acceptance of the Fair Tax, almost to the point where other viewpoints are ostracized, even though there might be good arguments why we shouldn't have the federal government involved in transactions between individuals and businesses, and why taxing services might be problematic, and why a system of prebates might be a road to hell paved with good intentions. What about the flat tax? Should we have any kind of tax on businesses or property?
It seems that in the wake of the tea party movement, the conservative movement is in a phase of what coaches in sports often refer to as "finding ourselves". This is, by the way, in our view, a healthy and productive task, as debate is very healthy as even those who hold firmly to certain viewpoints within those four areas would be wise to have their thoughts challenged from time to time, before running full steam ahead.
Related to this, in the next several weeks and even months, we at Kaw & Border will be exploring these questions in more detail -- including reviewing two lists -- one of five items we think are terrible, but popular ideas -- and one list of five items that are worthy, but unpopular ideas.
Our analysis on the details aside, it is our view that how the conservative movement addresses these questions will have a lasting impact for the next decade and perhaps even the next generation. The answer to these questions could very well decide if certain issues even remain in the mainstream public debate, which in our view, depending on the issue, could be a very good or a very bad thing for the country.
And as these debates play themselves out politically, particularly in the presidential campaign, they could very well have an impact sooner rather than later.
Posted by K&B at 1:12 AM
Labels: abortion, conservatives, foriegn policy, Gary Johnson, Herman Cain, libertarians, marriage, Rick Santorum, Ron Paul, taxes, Tim Pawlenty
About Kaw and Border
Kaw & Border is dedicated to telling the story behind the story of Kansas City area politics -- both of the politicians themselves as well as political operatives such as key individuals, PACs, and other groups of influence.
Much like the famous TV drama that is our namesake, our posts will be "ripped from the headlines" with the core mission of exposing the truth behind area politics on both sides of the border -- such as the quest for money, power, and the true agendas of some individuals and groups.
Mostly, we will focus on issues in the Kansas City area and in both Kansas and Missouri politics, but from time to time we will touch on national issues as well. In addition, look for some thoughtful conservative commentary on occasion -- not just from us, but from thoughtful conservative thinkers across the two-state area as well as the nation.
What this blog will not be is a vehicle for personal attacks on people, no matter which political persuasion fits their beliefs, nor will it be a place of unfounded rumor and gossip as seen in other political blogs. It will simply be a new news source for exposing the stories not told by the mainstream media -- and certainly not revealed by those entities wishing to not air their real agenda.
All original intellectual content here is copyright by the owner of Kaw & Border blog at www.kawandborder.blogspot.com and www.kawandborder.com.
Linking to this content is appropriate and allowed, but any duplication, replication and/or mirroring of this blog or its content on another website, blog, or printed material is prohibited without prior written content by the owner of Kaw & Border. You may contact us by emailing kawborder3@yahoo.com.
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An Unpopular But Good Idea: Raising Legislative S...


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Be updated on the latest activities, success stories and upcoming events of the company while being aware of the current demands in the field.
Newsletter April 2021
The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Bangladesh was founded in the year 1952, which is just a few years after its founding company in New York (1946) which is a United Nations agency responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide with a presence in more than 190 countries and territories.
Maldives Police Service is the civilian national police force of the Republic of Maldives. It is responsible for enforcing criminal and traffic law, enhancing public safety, maintaining order and keeping the peace throughout Maldives. The organization comes under the control of the Ministry of Home Affairs.
ProMobi Technologies today announced that Scalefusion, its mobile device management solution has joined hands with VS One World, a value-added distributor for HP. With this partnership, VS One World will be a Distributor of Scalefusion MDM, where Scalefusion Mobile Device Management Solution will be integrated as a bundled solution to VS One World's end customers.
VS One World is a VS group company focused on the global expansions of the group's portfolio in the technology sector. The company started its latest venture in Sri Lanka as a value-added distributor for HP and with the launch of their distribution business, VS ONE has now opened Sri Lanka's first HP Experience Centre where customers can experience the latest HP innovation for themselves.
Scalefusion will extend MDM solutions to its customer base acquired by the vast reseller and partner network across Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and the Maldives of VS One World. The customers belonging to diverse industries including BFSI, Telecommunication, Healthcare, Public Sector, Hospitality and Manufacturing can now leverage the power of HP hardware managed by Scalefusion MDM.
"Scalefusion is excited to partner with VS One World, a System Integrator. Corporate selling as a bundled solution and Managed Service Program is their forte and with this association, Scalefusion will be bundled as the MDM solution for the HP devices resold by VS One World. Our diverse capabilities to manage Windows 10 powered HP PCs and laptops will help the customers of VS One World to ensure enhanced security and monitoring," said Mr. Harishanker Kannan, Co-founder and CEO of ProMobi Technologies.
Tableau Software held a great knowledge sharing session on self-service analytics at scale where the potential to drive enterprise transformations by empowering employees to ask and answer their own questions with trusted and secure data through self-service business intelligence, for selected professionals in the banking industry in Bangladesh where VS ONE Bangladesh has an exclusive partnership.
If you would like to be added to our webinar invitee list, please feel free to email us at info@vsoneworld.com.f942ac22064457686.temporary.link!
In this year of pandemic many governments across the world were criticized for the way they managed Covid-19 related data. Most governments were accused of hiding and manipulating data related to Covid-19 deaths, hospitalizations, vaccinations. This created doubt and people have lost their trust in their governments.
In one example, a data scientist from the state of Florida was fired for exposing accurate covid data and her home was raided. In India there are accusations that actual data is not recorded.
Bernard Marr, bestselling author of "Big Data in Practice" defines data democratisation as "everybody having access to data and there are no gatekeepers that create a bottleneck at the gateway to the data. The goal is to have anybody use data at any time to make decisions with no barriers to access or understanding"
In this era of information where data is the new oil, non-availability of data related to the pandemic is a major barrier for battling the pandemic. The plea by the Indian group of scientists sums up the impact of not having access to the proper data.
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Flashback Friday to Florence and Tuscany!
We explore the Veneto region in Italy.
We head to picturesque Verona and stumble upon a fun wine tasting!
Our first few days in Italy and a weekend in Cinque Terre.
We spend two weeks soaking in the south of France.
We spend 5 days near Montpellier exploring the fabulous Languedoc region.


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Man accused of sex with teen on flight from PHX
Authorities say a 27-year-old man who had sex in an airplane bathroom with a 16-year-old girl now faces a criminal charge.
The Salt Lake County Sheriff's office said Jasper Emillien Garczynski was arrested Monday off a Delta Air Lines flight from Phoenix to Salt Lake City.
The girl told authorities she had sex with Garczynski.
Authorities said Garczynski was found in the airplane lavatory.
He now faces a charge of unlawful sexual activity with a minor.
Garczynski couldn't immediately be reached for comment. It's unclear if he has an attorney.


Over the time we at Company360.in get a lot of request for incorporation of a subsidiary company in India.
Let us understand how to get it done. Starting with basic let us first understand the definition first.
A holding and subsidiary relation between companies arises when a company holds a certain prescribed percentage of shares in another company.
A Holding company is one which holds shares in another company(also known as Subsidiary company) and a subsidiary company is one whose shares are held by another company(also known as holding company).
What is subsidiary private limited company or 100% subsidiary of a private limited company?
A subsidiary company is the one whose more than 51% share is held by any other company and where in case if 100% shares are held by other company, that makes the other company a 100% subsidiary private limited company.
Aforesaid relation between companies is called a holding-subsidiary company.
For example:- if A private limited has 100% shares of B Private limited, then B private limited is called subsidiary of A private limited.
What is foreign subsidiary private limited company or 100% foreign subsidiary private limited company?
Where in case more than 51% shares are held by foreign company i.e. by any company registered outside India, that company is called as foreign subsidiary company. In case the shareholding is 100% then it is called as 100% foreign subsidiary private limited company.
In case of 100% subsidiary private limited company, 99.99% shareholding is taken by another private limited company and .1% shareholding is held by another to fulfill the condition of minimum requirement of 2 shareholders in a private limited company.
In case of 100% foreign subsidiary private limited company, first thing to be checked, is whether the Government of India allows 100% FDI in that sector or not. If the 100% FDI is allowed in that particular sector, then one can initiate the same incorporation of 100% foreign subsidiary private limited company.
Another important factor under this incorporation is that one of the directors in private limited company shall be a resident in India as this is also a mandatory requirement for private limited company registration.
Fees for company incorporation of 100% subsidiary company is little high as per Companies Act, 2013 subsidiary company is being excluded from the definition of small company and it doesn't fall under the category of fees applicable to small companies.
Documents will remain same as of required for any normal company for Indian resident.
In case of foreign director, the document requirements will remain same but all documents should be apostilled from Indian embassy of that country and one needs that original apostilled documents before incorporation.
Apart from documents, there are certain documents and declaration of shareholders/Directors that are required to be made during incorporation which are also need to apostille.
In case of Indian subsidiary company,detail and documents of holding company, details and documents of nominee of holding company and true copy of resolution of company for investing shares in other company is also required to be furnished.
In case of foreign subsidiary company, detail and documents of foreign company, details and documents of nominee of foreign company and true copy of resolution of foreign company for investing shares in Indian company is also required.
In case a foreign promoter if signing and subscribing to the Memorandum and Articles of Association outside India then he is required to sign the same before the Indian Consulate present in the Indian Embassy. The Indian Consulate is required to witness the signature of such foreign promoter after payment of necessary fees.
If such Promoter is signing and subscribing in India, then all the documents that he is signing must be notarized and further a copy of the passport declaring his stay in India is required to be produced before the Registrar. Witness to signatures should be made by any person available at the time of execution.


At House of Travel Ski, group travel is second nature to us and we know going away with a group of friends or family is one of the best ways to enjoy a ski holiday - on and off the mountain. Ski together, travel together, advanced or beginners, boarder or skier - an amazing experience! Whether you're a group of mates, a family, a university ski club, we can help you design your ideal group ski holiday. And with groups comes good discounts!


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Q: Google Drive Quickstart Python - Localhost didn't send any data I've been following this guide:
https://developers.google.com/drive/v3/web/quickstart/python
and did everything up to the
python quickstart.py

part. When I do that it opens up a new browser (oddly not my default browser but whatever) and I get the OAuth screen, but once I click "Allow" it gives me a "localhost didn't send any data" error. The shell has:
/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/oauth2client/_helpers.py:255:
UserWarning: Cannot access /Users/timothy.tran/.credentials/drive-
python-quickstart.json: No such file or directory
  warnings.warn(_MISSING_FILE_MESSAGE.format(filename))
0:297: execution error:

What does this mean and how can I fix it?

A: It means it cannot access this file:
Cannot access /Users/timothy.tran/.credentials/drive-
python-quickstart.json

because:
No such file or directory

A: I just got this quickstart running a while ago. When you click the oauth link generated by python commandline and it opens a random browser, copy that link and paste it in the browser where your gmail account (which you're also using in your google dev console) is currently logged-in. Let me know if you're still stuck after this.
Also I don't think you need a localhost to run this. If anything, I'd used a python virtual environment.

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Lithuania SIG #Lithuania Re: Lithuania census after 1918
#lithuania
Olga Zabludoff <ozabludoff@...>
Deena Berton wrote in the Digest of Monday, January 5:
"Carol, if you are looking for the 1923 Census of Lithuania, I suggest you
explore the Record Group 2 Collection at the YIVO Institute for Jewish
Research in New York. A number of years ago, I found what appeared
to be a list of residents and another list which was a street by street
listing in this collection for my family shtetl, Pikeliai."
Years ago I too found at YIVO a list of the Jewish community of Dusetos
(Dusiat). It was written in Lithuanian and was arranged in alphabetical
order, so it was very easy to work with. The list was compiled in 1923
and seemed very comprehensive, including every family name I knew of
in the shtetl and others, of course.
When I asked Dina Abramowitz, the YIVO head archivist at the time,
about the list, she told me it appeared to be a census of the Jewish
community of Dusetos. At the time I wasn't sufficiently knowledgable
to ask her if it was part of a larger national census. I was just delighted
with the discovery and copied it.
The list has three columns: surname and given name; age; occupation.
However, no one under age 22 appears on the list, leading me to believe it
might have been compiled for voting purposes.
Another rare find I experienced was in 2003 when I visited Butrimonys. The
mayor and priest of the town gave me a 1937 census of the Jewish population.
That too is written in Lithuanian and includes ALL the members of a family
and their ages. I was told this census had been commissioned by the Church
in 1937 and had literally been lying in the Church archives since then. I
have never been able to find out if such a census had been made for all the
Jewish communities in Lithuania or whether Butrimonys was unique.
Olga Zabludoff


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text:
Valašské Klobouky  est une commune du district et de la région de Zlín, en Tchéquie. Sa population s'élevait à  habitants en 2020.

Géographie
Valašské Klobouky se trouve à  à l'est-sud-est de Zlín, à  à l'est de Brno et à  au sud-est de Prague.

La commune est limitée par Drnovice, Tichov et Lačnov au nord, par Poteč à l'est, par Návojná et Brumov-Bylnice au sud, et par Křekov et Vlachova Lhota à l'ouest.

Histoire
La première mention écrite de la localité date de 1356.

Administration
La commune se compose de quatre quartiers :
 Lipina
 Mirošov
 Smolina
 Valašské Klobouky

Transports
Par la route, Valašské Klobouky trouve à  de Brumov-Bylnice, à  de Zlín, à  de Brno et à  de Prague.

Jumelage
La commune est jumelée avec :

Notes et références

Ville dans la région de Zlín
Commune dans le district de Zlín
Royaume de Valaquie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Extract characters and rename columns in R I'm an R newbie.  I exported data from a database and am trying to rename the columns.
Example existing names (one site per water quality parameter) are in quotes below.  There are the 6 possible parameters at each site and 40 sites; I would like to rename columns based on parameter and site.  Site names are 3-7 characters and always occur after the last decimal point. My dataset (AQexport1) has 240 columns and 47,714 rows (rows are time stamps of hourly continuous data).  I want to be able to use the code for other exports from this database with same format and parameters, but possibly different sites.
For example:

*

*"Water.Temp.Water.Temp.BUBU" | "Water.Temp.Temperature.BUBU" <--- Temp.BUBU

*"Water.Temp.Field.Visits.KNF_DUP" <--- FVTemp.KNF_DUP

*"Sp.Cond.TempCorrected_nodrift.LOD_DUP" <---SpCnd.LOD_Dup

*"Sp.Cond.TempCorrected.PFM" <--- SpC.PFM

*"Sp.Cond.Field.Visits.CC7" <-- FVSpC.CC7

*"Cond.Conductivity.TM02Dup"<-- Cond.TM02Dup

I can not figure out how to write the contains() in an if statement (I realize the syntax below is wrong, I'm just trying to show what I'm thinking), or how to extract characters from a string with multiple decimal points and that does not extract the same number of characters from the end of the column name.  I am also wondering if a for loop through colnames() is the best solution.
for (i in 1:colnames(AQexport1)){
  if (colnames(AQexport1[i]) contains "Water.Temp.W" | "Water.Temp.T"){
    colnames(AQexport1[i]) <- Temp.insert_site_name_here
  }
    elseif (colnames(AQexport1[i])) contains "Water.Temp.F") {
      colnames(AQexport1[i]) <- FVTemp.insert_site_name_here
    }
    elseif (colnames(AQexport1[i])) contains "nodrift") {
      colnames(AQexport1[i])<-SpCnd.insert_site_name_here
    }
    elseif (colnames((AQexport1[i])) contains "Sp.Cond.T") {
      colnames(AQexport1[i])<-SpC.insert_site_name_here
    }
#continue elseif statements
}

A: As a simplified case, this is how you would reassign names according to whether they contain letters 'a' or 'b', or contain 'c' or 'd', et cetera.
dat <- data.frame(aa = runif(10), ba = runif(10), ct = runif(10), df = runif(10), en = runif(10), zz = runif(10))

names(dat)
##  "aa" "ba" "ct" "df" "en" "zz"

library(magrittr)

# logical, TRUE if names contain a or b
condition1 <- sapply(c('a','b'), grepl, names(dat)) %>% rowSums %>% as.logical

# logical, TRUE if names contain c or d
condition2 <- sapply(c('c','d'), grepl, names(dat)) %>% rowSums %>% as.logical

# logical, TRUE if names contain e
condition3 <- grepl('e', names(dat))

names(dat) <- ifelse(condition1, 'newname1',
              ifelse(condition2, 'newname2',
              ifelse(condition3, 'newname3',
                                 'newname4')))

names(dat)
## [1] "newname1" "newname1" "newname2" "newname2" "newname3" "newname4"

A: AQexport 1 is my dataset that needs new column names.  This was my solution.
# 6 parameters with 11 syntax's to change column names for (each syntax could have up to 40 variations (.site names):
# "Water.Temp.Water.Temp.BUBU" or
# "Water.Temp.Temperature.BUBU" or
# "Water.Temp.Temp.BUBU"<--- Temp.BUBU
# "Water.Temp.Field.Visits.KNF_DUP" <--- FVTemp.KNF_DUP
# "Sp.Cond.Sp.Cond.TempCorrected_nodrift.DRBR" or
# "Sp.Cond.Sp.Cond..TempCorrected_nodrift.BRCD" or
# "Sp.Cond.SpCond.nodrift.TM01" or
# "Sp.Cond.TempCorrected_nodrift.LOD_DUP" <---SpCnd.site
# "Sp.Cond.TempCorrected.PFM" <--- SpC.PFM
# "Sp.Cond.Field.Visits.CC7" <-- FVSpC.CC7
# "Cond.Conductivity.TM02Dup"<-- Cond.TM02Dup
# nchar("Sp.Cond.TempCorrected_nodrift.DRBR") #number of characters in string

#logical vectors, TRUE if AQexport1 column names match charcter input in grepl
Names<-names(AQexport1)
Temp.siteW<-grepl("Water.Temp.Water.Temp", Names)
Temp.siteT<-grepl("Water.Temp.Temperature", Names)
Temp.siteTT<-grepl("Water.Temp.Temp", Names)
FVTemp.site<-grepl("Temp.Field", Names)
FVSpC.site<-grepl("Sp.Cond.Field", Names)
SpCnd.site1<-grepl("Sp.Cond.Sp.Cond.TempCorrected_nodrift.", Names)
SpCnd.site2<-grepl("Sp.Cond.Sp.Cond..TempCorrected_nodrift..", Names)
SpCnd.site3<-grepl("Sp.Cond.SpCond.nodrift.", Names)
SpCnd.site4<-grepl("Sp.Cond.TempCorrected_nodrift.", Names)
Cond.site<-grepl("Cond.C", Names)
SpC.site<-grepl("Sp.Cond.TempCorrected.", Names) #Sp.Cond.TempCorrected.  the last period is critical to distinguish from nodrift

#Creating new column name: Paste parameter prefix to site name (extracted  from old column name with substring)
#Making parameter always 4 characters
Temp.namesW<-paste("Temp.",substring(Names,23), sep="")
Temp.namesT<-paste("Temp.",substring(Names,24), sep="")
Temp.namesTT<-paste("Temp.",substring(Names,17), sep="")
FVTemp.names<-paste("FTem.",substring(Names,25), sep="")
FVSpC.names<-paste("FSpC.",substring(Names,22), sep="")
SpCnd.names1<-paste("SCnd.",substring(Names,39), sep="")
SpCnd.names2<-paste("SCnd.",substring(Names,40), sep="")
SpCnd.names3<-paste("SCnd.",substring(Names,24), sep="")
SpCnd.names4<-paste("SCnd.",substring(Names,31), sep="")
Cond.names<-paste("Cond.",substring(Names,19), sep="")
SpC.names<-paste("SpCc.",substring(Names,23), sep="")

for (i in 1:ncol(AQexport1)){
  if(Temp.siteW[i]){
    names(AQexport1)[i]<-Temp.namesW[i]
  }
  else if(Temp.siteT[i]){
  names(AQexport1)[i]<-Temp.namesT[i]
  }
  else if(Temp.siteTT[i]){
    names(AQexport1)[i]<-Temp.namesTT[i]
  }
  else if(FVTemp.site[i]){
  names(AQexport1)[i]<-FVTemp.names[i]
  }
  else if(FVSpC.site[i]){
    names(AQexport1)[i]<-FVSpC.names[i]
  }
  else if(SpCnd.site1[i]){
    names(AQexport1)[i]<-SpCnd.names1[i]
  }
  else if(SpCnd.site2[i]){
    names(AQexport1)[i]<-SpCnd.names2[i]
  }
  else if(SpCnd.site3[i]){
    names(AQexport1)[i]<-SpCnd.names3[i]
  }
  else if(SpCnd.site4[i]){
    names(AQexport1)[i]<-SpCnd.names4[i]
  }
  else if(Cond.site[i]){
    names(AQexport1)[i]<-Cond.names[i]
  }
  else if(SpC.site[i]){
    names(AQexport1)[i]<-SpC.names[i]
  }
}


text:
Birds, their different beaks and the functions they perform
Birds are a class of vertebrates with more than 18,000 different species. Of the various features that are common to all birds, perhaps the most characteristic is their beak. All birds have one, but it has evolved differently in each species has evolved to improve its functions in response to its environment. These functions include feeding, defending themselves, mating, regulating their body temperature or building nests.
Classifying the different types of peaks that exist is not an easy task. The adaptations are very diverse and in some cases so specific that it is difficult to group them together.
1 But what exactly is a beak?
2 What are the different types of beaks?
3 Carnivorous birds
4 Granivorous birds
5 Frugivorous birds
6 Insectivorous birds
7 Wading birds
8 Piscivorous birds
9 Filter feeding birds
10 Nectarivorous birds
11 The rarest bird beaks in the world.
But what exactly is a beak?
In biological terms, it is a type of mouth in which the jaws are covered by a horny layer of keratin (like the nails or horn of a rhinoceros) and have no teeth at all. It is characteristic of birds however other animals also have beaks. For example platypus and echidnas (monotreme mammals), turtles and some cephalopods, such as squid.
What are the different types of beaks?
Generally, bird beaks are categorised according to their shape and the function. There are two types of birds: generalists, who use different techniques to obtain food, whose beaks do not have specific shapes; and specialists, whose beaks are adapted for a single function. This could be for obtaining food in a certain way, for mating or for building nests. Here are the main groups of specialist beaks:
Carnivorous birds
Birds that feed on vertebrates have strong, hooked beaks with the upper part protruding over the lower part. They are securely attached to the skull. They use it to tear and pull the flesh of their prey. Birds of prey such as eagles and falcons, and scavengers such as vultures are a clear example of this.
In fact, according to one study, these birds are the only ones whose beaks do not depend on adaptations to feeding habits, but on their size. The shape of their beaks is not very varied among the different species within this group.
Bald eagle beak. By Bald eagle beak | Shutterstock.com
Granivorous birds
This group of birds feed mainly on seeds. In many cases, they have a short, robust beak that ends in a conical shape, allowing them to break seeds. Goldfinches, sparrows and canaries are all good examples.
Goldfinch on a Rowan tree. By El Coronesta | Shutterstock.com
Frugivorous birds
Although they feed on fruit, whether meaty or dried, these birds can also feed on seeds. Their beaks are specialised at dealing with fruit, which they open to obtain the pulp or seeds. They usually have a short, curved beak with a specialised tip for extracting the edible part of the seeds.
The lower part of this kind of beak is flat and sharp, ideal for splitting the hard fruits. In addition, they are the only birds capable of moving the upper part of the beak independently. This allows them to exert more force, either to break seeds and fruit or to hold on to branches. Parrots, parakeets, cockatoos and macaws are all in this group.
Hyacinth macaw beak. By duangnapa_b | Shutterstock.com
Insectivorous birds
There are several ways of hunting insects. In the case of birds that hunt insects in the air, they do so with their mouths open. Therefore, the beak is usually short, wide and flat. Examples of this include the swallow and the swift. Other birds prefer to catch insects when they are still. These have short, straight, thin beaks, such as the bee-eater or robin.
Those that feed on insects and invertebrates in the ground, such as hoopoes, have thin, elongated beaks. Finally, those that pierce the bark of the trees to remove larvae, such as
, have straight and very strong beaks that allows them to penetrate the bark.
A Northern Carmine Bee-Eater (Merops nubicus). This african bird eating is made up primarily of bees and other flying insects, such as grasshoppers and locusts. By Kletr | Shutterstock.com
Wading birds
These are waterfowl that have long beaks with different shapes, adapted to searching for invertebrates at the bottom of ponds and marshes, while keeping their heads out of the water. The stork (main picture) or spoonbill would be examples of this type of bird.
Roseate spoonbill in lagoon about to fly. By jo Crebbin | Shutterstock.com
Piscivorous birds
These birds feed on fish that they catch by diving into the water. In most cases they have large, strong beaks with a curved tip or serrated ridges to prevent their prey from escaping. This group includes birds like seagulls and albatrosses. In other cases, such as pelicans, they may have a flexible pouch beneath the beak, where they can store fish once they have been caught (along with big gulps of water).
Waved albatross sitting near chick, Galapagos Islands. By leospek | Shutterstock.com
Filter feeding birds
These birds have wide, flat beaks. In some cases, such as flamingos, they are very specialised in obtaining food from pond and riverbeds. These beaks have a filtering system whereby the bird removes the water and separates out the organisms on which these birds feed. Swans and ducks are also in this group.
Pink flamingo closeup. By Jolyon Rogers | Shutterstock.com
Nectarivorous birds
These birds feed on the nectar of the flowers by inserting their beaks inside them. They tend to have thin, long beaks, although the shape can vary depending on the kind of flowers they feed on. There are some species of hummingbirds that feed on flowers inaccessible to most animals, making them the main pollinators. They depend on each other in perfect symbiosis.
Hummingbird Green Hermit hover with green forest background, Costa Rica. By Karel Cerny | Shutterstock.com
The rarest bird beaks in the world.
What we've seen so far is a very general classification, based on the feeding habits of the different species. However, not all species comply with this classification. In fact, some species of birds have very strange beaks adapted to specific functions, which give them a unique, fascinating appearance.
The New Zealand plover is the only bird that can move its beak to one side to catch may flies in the rivers. The recurve-billed bushbird has beak that curves upwards, allowing it to catch tiny prey. The black skimmer is the only bird with a lower part of the beak longer than the upper part. This allows them to catch fish by trawling their beaks through the water as they fly. The curlew has a beak that's longer than its body. And toucans use their huge beak to regulate their body temperature.
There is even a kind of finch that has two curved beak parts that do not fit together. This helps them to extract the seeds from the pineapples. The shoebill (main picture) has a huge scaly beak with which it can crush almost anything, including small vertebrates. Rhinoceros hornbills have a bump on their beaks that helps amplify sounds and male puffins have very colourful and ornate beaks that help them attract females.
Shoebill (Balaeniceps rex) beak. By Hanjo Hellmann | Shutterstock.com
Finally, hummingbirds with beaks adapted to certain flowers, pelicans with their large pouches and flamingoes and spoonbills with their rare-shaped filters complete this small list – some of the most bizarre bird beaks in the world!
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text:
Q: log4j: Risk when making different EJBs on the same container write their logs to the same .log file Can different EJBs deployed on the same container and works synchronously
write their application logs on the same .log file without any risk,
on the condition that they all use the same log4j.xml and the same FileAppender.
I confirmed it works out on my desktop,
but what if these EJBs are under high-loader operation?
Should I concern about file locking or delay issue?
Sincerely,

A: Yes, multiple EJBs in the same application server instance can write to the same appender. They are part of one JVM, and log4j is thread safe.
It's true that under high load you will experience delays; but that's what log levels are for. Log as few statements as possible on important levels, be verbose on debug levels.
Sharing the same file appender is possible (most of the time it appears to be working), but dangerous, especially with rolling policies set. You risk losing your logs this way, log4j has not been designed for this.


text:
11 year old students appeals to Constitutional Court: 'I ask you to please oblige my teacher and principal to return to open the school'
A Recurso de Amparo can be presented by any person free of charge and, by any means, without major demands of form and without need to be authenticated by a lawyer
Eleven year old Emily Ibarra Ruiz, a student at the Escuela de San Pablo de Barva (Heredia), used her constitutional right to ask the Constitutional Court, filing a 'recurso de amparo' (appeal) on Thursday morning, to request the return to classes after six weeks of teachers' strike against the tax reform.
"I want to know if with this strike my right to study is being violated because, I believe, I have the right to an education according to the fifth-grade study programs," reads the appeal letter.
"I ask you (the Court) to please force my teacher and principal to return to open the school and to give us classes. You know the laws of Costa Rica and I ask you to respect them very much ", concludes the student in her appeal.
The press office of the Constitutional Court confirmed that the girl sent the handwritten letter by fax shortly before noon on Thursday. At the request by Ibarra Ruiz, the Court opened the file number 18-016465-0007-CO.
The Court added that they will now proceed to determine if it is admissible. If this is the case, a report shall be requested from the respective authorities regarding the facts alleged in the appeal.
Isabel Bogantes, the school principal, said she was unaware of the action of her student when consulted by La Nación, supporting the action of her student, saying that the girl is in her right, after so long without classes.
In that school, Bogantes reported, of 13 groups only four are working. Despite the declaration of illegality of the strike by Ministry of Education (MEP) workers, issued on October 9, and the constant calls to return to work by Education Minister, Edgar Mora, none of the other nine teachers have returned to the classrooms.
In her note to the Constitutional Court, the girl argues that the Constitution states that education is mandatory and that her right is being violated.
Katherine Ruiz, Emily's mother, confirmed that her daughter called her in the morning to ask her if the corner store had a fax machine, from where she could send a document. When the mother asked for what, she told her about the appeal.
"Se told me she was making a little note expressing all that frustration. She was very determined and she was the one who found out everything. It was a very fast conversation because I'm here at my job, but when we hung up I felt very proud. She really is upset because she does not know what's going to happen," said Emily's mother.
Emily herself also expressed feeling frustrated by the whole situation and said she was worried because she is in fifth grade and does not know how her school year will end.
"I want to finish my entire school year and I looked up the Political Constitution on the Internet and there it says in article 78 that I have the right to education," she said by telephone to La Nacion.
She had considered for the days the idea of presenting the appeal.
She said he kept searching the Internet for more information and a friend of her aunt was the one who suggested sending the fax.
"For me this is very boring, I have not learned anything, and I am in great doubt to know how this lost time will affect me. This comes from my heart, I'm worried because I am not getting the education I deserve, nor do the other students like me," she said.
The strike by public sector workers began on September 10. A number of unions have reached and agreement with the government and have returned to work, there are still thousands, the majority teachers, who have refused to do so, heeding to the call of their unions to hold out until the illegality issue is confirmed.
The strike, on Monday, will enter its seventh week.
A Recurso de Amparo guarantees all the of the rights and fundamental freedoms. It can be presented by any person free of charge and, by any means, without major demands of form and without need to be authenticated by a lawyer
Source (in Spanish): La Nacion
recurso amparo
sala iv
strike by teachers
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Made up holidays for the win!! October is National Pizza Month, and even if you don't celebrate these random holidays, pizza restaurants all over Tampa do, and they're busting out some great deals!
And now until October 30th, you can get a $1 medium one-topping pizza at Hungry Howies with the purchase of a large one-topping pizza!
In addition to National Pizza Month, it's also National Breast Cancer Awareness Month! During the month of October, a donation from every purchase is made to the National Breast Cancer Foundation.
Another pizza joint joining in on the deals in celebration of this 'holiday' is Dominos!
Each item from Domino's mix & match promotion will be $5.99. YUM!!
Make sure to take advantage of these awesome deals during these 31 straight days dedicated to delicious pizza!


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Home / Blog / Michael Frye / Starry Skies Adventure Workshop
Starry Skies Adventure Workshop
By Michael Frye
Updated May 5, 2016
Venus, Jupiter, and the Moon rising at dawn, Mono Lake, Saturday morning
We had a wonderful time during our Starry Skies Adventure workshop last week. We managed to dodge the fires and had four clear, smoke-free nights. It was a really nice group, and photographing under a sky full of stars is always such a great experience.
One of the highlights of the workshop was viewing and photographing a dawn alignment of Venus, Jupiter, and the Moon over Mono Lake last Saturday. It's hard to convey how gorgeous this was in a photograph, but you'll find my best attempt above.
We also photographed star trails and the Milky Way, and went to Bodie on our last night. I'll save the Bodie images for a later post, but you'll find a selection of other images from the workshop below.
One of these photographs shows a distinct band of green airglow (or nightglow) over Mono Lake. When I first noticed this green hue in some of my star photographs I thought it was a quirk in the way my camera rendered night skies. But I've since come to learn that it's a common atmospheric phenomenon. We can't see the green color with our eyes, just like we can't see the color in a lunar rainbow, or the Milky Way, because the color-sensitive cones in our retinas don't work at low light levels. But the color is there, and cameras can record it. When looking at a sequence of photos (like the individual frames of a star-trail sequence) when airglow is present, you can see the green streaks shifting and moving through the sky. When airglow forms distinct patterns it can be quite beautiful, though at other times it just adds an unpleasant green cast to photographs. (For more information about airglow, here's a link to the Wikipedia article, and another interesting article on Universe Today.)
In previous posts I've talked about software tools for figuring out the position of the sun and moon in relation to the landscape. One that I've been using for a long time is The Photographer's Ephemeris, and I should to mention that the desktop version of this program is becoming a web app. The web app has all the same functions of the desktop app, and is still free. (The iPhone, iPad, and Android versions are $8.99.) The desktop version of TPE will stop working on September 2nd, so if you have any saved locations you should transfer them to the web app before then.
The Photographer's Ephemeris won't show you the location of the Milky Way, but there are a couple of apps that will. PhotoPills (iPhone only, $9.99) has many similar features to TPE, but includes several others that TPE lacks, including a new tool that shows the arc of the Milky Way, and the azimuth and elevation of the galactic center (the brightest part of the Milky Way). I've already used this feature extensively, and it's quite useful. Here's a screen shot showing the Milky Way over South Tufa at Mono Lake, on August 22nd at 9:36 p.m. The thick white line shows the angle of the galactic center:
Screenshot of PhotoPills showing the arc of the Milky Way, with the thick white line pointing to the galactic center
Star Walk (for iOS) is another useful app for visualizing the position of the Milky Way, and will also show you the movement of stars, planets, and even comets (something The Photographer's Ephemeris and PhotoPills won't do). With StarWalk, you can hold your phone up toward the sky to identify stars, planets, and constellations. You can also advance the clock to see a movie of the sun, moon, planets, and Milky Way moving through the sky. Star Walk won't show you the moon or Milky Way in relation to a map, or features of the landscape, but it's still very helpful for visualizing the position and movement of celestial objects. Here's a screen shot of the sky looking east on Saturday morning (the same time as the photograph at the top of this post):
Star Walk screenshot, showing the position of Venus, Jupiter, and the moon on the morning of August 23rd
The Milky Way is visible on any clear, moonless night, away from city lights. Unfortunately none of these apps make it immediately obvious when the moon might be too bright. You have to figure that out by looking at the phase of the moon, and whether the moon is above the horizon at a particular time. That's not difficult to do with any of these apps, but it's an important step to remember.
Also, if you use these apps (or any other tool) to gauge the position of the Milky Way, you'll notice that in the northern hemisphere the galactic center (again, the brightest part of the Milky Way) is only visible to the south (between southeast and southwest), and only from late winter through late fall. The galactic center is highest in the sky, and visible for the longest period of time, around the summer solstice. If you travel too far north the galactic center isn't visible at all; it's below the horizon to the south. (Besides, at northern latitudes it never gets dark enough to see the Milky Way in summer.) David Kingman's ebook Nightscape has an excellent chapter on understanding the night sky, plus lots of good technical information about capturing and processing Milky Way photos.
With daytime photographs I like to be spontaneous, and let the weather and light dictate where I go. But nighttime photography takes more planning. I've been using PhotoPills and Star Walk to plan a several future nighttime images, and if any of these schemes work I'll be sure to post the photographs here. In the meantime, good luck with your own planning!
— Michael Frye
Milky Way over granite rock formations, Rattlesnake Gulch, Wednesday night
Tufa and star trails, Mono Lake, Friday night
Tufa and stars at night with green airglow, Mono Lake, Friday night
Star trails over an alpine lake, Yosemite, Saturday night
Related Posts: Stars Over Three Brothers; Moonstruck
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Michael Frye is a professional photographer specializing in landscapes and nature. He is the author or principal photographer of The Photographer's Guide to Yosemite, Yosemite Meditations, Yosemite Meditations for Women, and Digital Landscape Photography: In the Footsteps of Ansel Adams and the Great Masters. He has also written three eBooks: Light & Land: Landscapes in the Digital Darkroom, Exposure for Outdoor Photography, and Landscapes in Lightroom 5: The Essential Step-by-Step Guide. Michael written numerous magazine articles on the art and technique of photography, and his images have been published in over thirty countries around the world. Michael has lived either in or near Yosemite National Park since 1983, currently residing just outside the park in Mariposa, California.
Originally Published August 29, 2014
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Depth Of Field In Macro Photography
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For access to the unique perspectives that come with altitude, these affordable drones for photography are hitting new heights.


Take a journey to Qassim with Mövenpick Hotels & Resorts and experience everything this enchanting city in Saudi Arabia has to offer.
Qassim's famed for its festivals, which are popular with locals and tourists alike. In the summer months the markets, museums and parks come to life with festivals. Home to Qassim University and a wealth of sports clubs, there is always something going on in Qassim, where Mövenpick Hotels & Resorts have a prime location in the heart of all the action.
From the five-star Mövenpick Hotel Qassim, you can easily reach nearby attractions and business districts while enjoying a city centre Qassim location just 30 minutes from Qassim Airport.


Used to the complex reporting requirements of sophisticated multi-faceted companies, SBA's consultants are expert in the design of Business Intelligence systems that share and report information quickly and economically, integrating many data sources and requiring multi-pass processing. We can help you with your database connectivity, schema design, data-warehousing, reporting infrastructure and information design.
We have experience of many Business Intelligence technologies, including stand-alone reporting packages, web-based information portals, complex database constructions such as cross database linking, open source reporting... actually if it exists we've probably tried it, and when it didn't exist we've invented our own. Information is the lifeblood of business, the consequences of getting it wrong can spell disaster, so when you have a business critical Business Intelligence / Reporting project and are looking for guidance call us to discuss how we might help.


When Dierks Bentley sits down to make a set list for a concert, he tries to keep things interesting.
In an interview with the Hartford Courant newspaper in Connecticut, Bentley explained why he doesn't just play the party songs.
"I have a set list full of songs about parties and girls, and I rely heavily on those songs during a live show," Bentley said.
You can't have a roller coaster that goes downhill the whole time, Bentley said, so you have to have some ups and downs.
Once the last encore's been played and Bentley retires from the road — hopefully not any time soon — he says he will probably live out his golden years out west somewhere.


Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: Factor Structure, Internal Consistency and Convergent Validity in Patients with Dizziness.
Psychiatric comorbidities, particularly anxiety-related pathologies, are often observed in dizzy patients. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used self-report instrument used to screen for anxiety and depression in medical outpatient settings. The purpose of this study was to assess the factor structure, internal consistency and convergent validity of the HADS in an unselected group of patients with dizziness. The HADS and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) were administered to 205 dizzy patients. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted and indicated a 3-factor structure, inconsistent with the 2-subscale structure (i.e. anxiety and depression) of the HADS. The total scale was found to be internally consistent, and convergent validity, as assessed using the DHI, was acceptable. Overall findings suggest that the HADS should not be used as a tool for psychiatric differential diagnosis, but rather as a helpful screener for general psychiatric distress in the two domains of psychiatric illness most germane in dizzy patients.


We asked WJLA-TV reporter and auto expert John Harter to pick the best cars for Washington. Here are his choices.
Ford Explorer Sport Trac. "The small pickup-truck bed is handy for hauling home-improvement materials; the cabin carries five in comfort–seven if you get third-row seating for youngsters." Starts at $24,465.
Honda Element. "For the practical Washingtonian, this little box on wheels starts at just over $16,000. It has the most front headroom in any SUV and convenient center-opening side doors that are great for loading Potomac Mills bargains."
Lincoln LS. "Starting at $33,000-plus, this car turns up its nose at pricier wheels. The comfortable ride, good handling, and luxury looks will stand out in Potomac or McLean."
Mazda 6. "If you want a great-driving, comfortable compact and don't need to show off, this sedan offers performance and mileage and is easy to park in Georgetown or Old Town Alexandria." From $19,540.
Subaru Impreza WRX. "Starting at around $18,000, this sedan drives like a sports car and will keep up with the quickest Beltway traffic. Its all-wheel drive is great in the snow."


List of local opportunities for performances in the Washington, DC region.
The Loudoun Symphony Orchestra annually sponsors a composition competition open to all U.S. citizens. .
Lists of opportunities for non-local performances.
Long list of composition opportunities collected by New Tertian Recordings.
Opportunities collected by the American Composers Forum.
Opportunities collected by the American Music Center.
Excellent list maintained by the Center for the Promotion of Contemporary Composers.
Join a mailing list sponsored by The Composer-Conductor Bridge. You will occasionally receive e-mails listing specifications for new orchestral music that conductors would like to perform.
The opportunities section of the Living Music Journal.


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CULT FILM STAR ACTRESS & PHILANTHROPIST LEESA ROWLAND
Leesa Rowland
Most acclaimed actors have interesting backgrounds, but few are as unique and wide-ranging as cult film star and philanthropist Leesa Rowland. The daughter of an artist and college professor, Leesa grew up in Austin, Texas where she studied broadcast journalism and later became a classically trained actress at the world-renowned Steller Adler Studio in Los Angeles. Shortly after graduation, she quickly gained a following after being cast as Victoria in Troma Entertainment's 1992 cult film classic, Class of Nuke 'Em High Parts 2 and 3 and appearing in the sequel Return To Nuke 'Em High, which aired on The Starz Network in 2013.
In 1994 she acted in Troma's television USA Network series Troma's Edge along with Lloyd Kaufman and Debbie Rochon. Then, in 2012, she co-starred in Travis Campbell's Slaughter Daughter as Phyllis Adjani, an eccentric mother who drives her daughter to insanity. Not only did the film win the award for best feature at Orlando's 7th Annual Freak Show Film Festival that same year, it led to a co-starring role in the critically acclaimed web series Two City Girls opposite fellow Troma actress Lisa Gaye, as well as appearances on the Oxygen reality series Jersey Couture in 2012.
Beyond her extensive career and credits as a film and television actress, Leesa is the author of the best-selling self-help/motivational book Discovering the It Factor within You: Developing Your Charismatic Personality, which was published in 2015. She is also well-known for her work as a philanthropist and animal rights activist. A vegan dedicated to healthy eating, she has been active with the national non-profit organization Last Chance for Animals since 1989 and is the president of the New York non-profit group Animal Ashram, which she founded in 2013.
As she continues to develop her work as a philanthropist and involvement with these and other charities while exploring new dramatic roles and writing an as-yet titled sequel to Discovering the It Factor, Leesa recently began adding something else exciting to her sizzle reel: comedienne. A lifelong sitcom fan, she has been taking comedy classes with Richard Kline—the actor best known as Larry on the late-1970s classic Three's Company co-starring John Ritter, Suzanne Sommers and Don Knotts, which originally ran on ABC from 1977 to 1984—in Los Angeles. She has also been studying improv and sketch comedy in New York at the famed Upright Citizen's Brigade whose alumni include Amy Poehler, Horatio Sands, Matt Besser, Matt Walsh and Ian McKay.
For more information, visit leesarowland.net.
Photo Courtesy of Lawlor Media GP
CULT FIGURES DISCOVERING THE IT FACTOR LEESA ROWLAND NL PHILANTHROPIST


SARDA has a busy year planned! We're expanding our public events and research trials so that we can better communicate with the community and help producers. To that end, we've also introduced new trials; SARVTs, which compare the varieties of wheat and peas commonly grown in our area to new varieties likely to perform better.


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Juan Cristóbal Martín (1948) is een Spaans flamencogitarist. Hij woont in Londen en Málaga.

Op 17-jarige leeftijd verliet Juan Martín het ouderlijk huis in Málaga om in Madrid te studeren bij Niño de Ricardo en Paco de Lucía. Niet lang daarna verhuisde hij naar Londen. Hij trouwde met de Engelse Helen.

Juan Martín speelde in 1981 op de 90ste verjaardag van Pablo Picasso. Picasso vroeg hem om niet zijn eigen repertoire te spelen, maar naar zijn schilderijen te kijken en daarover te spelen. De muziek van die avond was de basis van zijn eerste plaat.

Hij maakte tours naar Canada, Turkije, Polen en Ierland vergezeld door een zanger, een danseres en drie musici.

Discografie
 Picasso Portraits (1981)
 Serenade (1984); met het Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
 Painter in Sound (1986)
 Through The Moving Window (1990)
 Painter in Sound (1990)
 Musica Alhambra (1996)
 Music Alhambra (1998)
 Luna Negra (1992 en 1998)
 Arte Flamenco Puro
 The Andalucian Suites I-IV (1998)
 Camino Latino (2002)
 Live En Directo (2005)
 El Alquimista (The Alchemist) (2005)
 Riquezas (2002); met Antonio Aparecida)
 Guitar Nights door The Four Martins (2003); met Martin Taylor, Martin Simpson, Juan Martin, Martin Carthy)

Spaans gitarist
Flamenco


The Feast of the Annunciation of the Lord (Ladyday), traditionally held on March 25th, is transferred to the first Monday after the Octave of Easter whenever that date falls in Holy Week. As the 25th of March is Palm Sunday, this year Ladyday is Monday April 9th.
Such an important feast, which marks the beginning of Our Lord's Incarnation as His Blessed Mother welcomed Him into her womb, deserves all the glory which we can give it. St. Luke's therefore is celebrating with Evensong and Benediction on the vigil of this great feast. The choir will be offering settings by Thomas Tallis and Charles Wood, as well as works by Hassler, Aichinger, and Allegri. Please join us at 7:30 pm on Sunday April 8th for Evensong of the Annunciation.


text:
Joe Konte
Author, "The Rivalry Heard 'Round the World"
Home » Uncategorized » NLCS #2: It's Time for Timmy
NLCS #2: It's Time for Timmy
The Giants should have Tim Lincecum throw out the ceremonial first pitch Tuesday afternoon before Game 3 of the National League Championship Series. It looks like the only chance for Lincecum to stand on the mound in the post season. The disappearance of Timmy, who would still be a Giants fan favorite even if he gave up all four Game Two Cardinal home runs by himself, is starting to get darned-right strange. What are manager Bruce Bochy and pitching coach Dave Righetti seeing in his practice bullpen sessions. Is every pitch five feet over the catcher's glove? Is every serving landing with a thud five feet in front of home plate? Has Buster Posey, who is catching every inning, declared he is not going to catch Lincecum? Doubt that's it, though we all remember those stories about Hector Sanchez being his favorite catcher, and nobody ever nailed down whether there was anything to any of that.
Lincecum's whereabouts have become an issue as reliever Hunter Strickland continues to put fans in the bleachers in grave danger by allowing opposing batters to smack missiles right at them. Strickland surrendered two bombs by Bryce Harper that the tape measure wasn't long enough to measure, and a third, more moderate clout in the NLDS. The UFOs launched by the left-handed Harper off high-heat fastballs convinced the Giants Faithful, as expressed in "What's Bochy Thinking!" phone calls to sports talk shows, that having Strickland go against power lefties was unacceptable. Bochy, who apparently hasn't been listening, sent his flame-thrower out there again in the eighth in Game Two to face left-handed Matt Adams with the score tied 3-3. This is the same Adams whose three-run rocket off Clayton Kershaw is the reason the Dodgers got the rest of October off.
Strickland messed around with a few breaking balls which Adams shrugged at while keeping a straight face, knowing that the novice big leaguer couldn't resist coming in with 97 mph gas. The ball left the yard before Giants fans could say, "Where's Timmy?" No one was surprised at the result except maybe Bochy and Righetti. Some Giants relievers like Brian Wilson and Sergio Romo have had a special musical selection to greet them when they entered a game. Perhaps Strickland's should by "Bye Bye Baby." Now that might be categorized as a cheap shot at the young man who is doing the best he can. Good point. Two years from now, when the Giants return to the post season after sitting out another odd-numbered year, Strickland could well be the club's overpowering shut-down closer who'll enter the game to the tune of "Classical Gas."
But for now, how about giving us a taste of Timmy? One of those street entrepreneurs who sets up shop outside AT&T Park could make enough money to buy a luxury suite for the World Series by making a "Let Timmy Pitch" T-shirt. Couldn't make enough of them. C'mon Boch, give No. 55 the ball.
No need to panic: No, this is not the 2,157th Joe Panik pun. The Cards won Game Two with four home runs. Sloppy pitching by the Giants is to blame. The Cardinals certainly might win the series, but they are not going to bash their way to the title. It would have been scarier for the Giants had the Cardinals knocked Giants pitching around for 12 or 14 hits, with three or four doubles or triples. Plus, AT&T, where the next three games will be played, will be a tough place to go deep. Speaking of runs, the Giants will need a double or triple or two in the right situation if they are to win. This reliance on wild pitches, and weak RBI ground outs for most of their offensive output is not likely to be enough over a seven-game series.
Pipe down, Peavy: Am I the only one not finding anything fun or cute from Giants starter Jake Peavy's constant yelling and talking to himself. I'm finding the act tiresome. He's not Mark "The Bird" Fidrych, theTigers pitcher from 1976-80 who talked to the baseball. Fidrych's antics displayed an innocence, and it was hard to not to laugh while watching him carry out his end of the conversation. Fidrych was warm and fuzzy. Peavy is like a Tea Party member at an Obama health-care debate.
Sad injury: The loss of catcher Yadier Molina is a deafening blow to the Cardinals. Giants fans shouldn't take any satisfaction if Molina can't play. He is the heart of the Cardinal team, and baseball fans at AT&T could miss out on seeing one of the game's finest perform. My favorite Molina moment came during the NLDS against the Dodgers. Molina got into it with the Dodgers Adrian Gonzalez, which resulted in the benches emptying for a non-violent waltz on the infield. A little later, Yasiel Puig made a gesture at Molina after striking out, in an attempt to reignite the bad will. The veteran Molina dismissed the young upstart with a wave of his hand, and the humbled Puig walked off obediently to the dugout.
Not fair: He didn't seem to get much publicity on the post-game coverage, but the highlight of the game might have been Cardinal reliever Pat Neshek's bullying of Buster Posey, Pablo Sandoval and Hunter Pence in the eighth. Neshek has what might be the most jerky, quick, odd motion of any pitcher, looking like a submarine thrower and ending up as a sidearmer. The Giants sluggers were lost. Neshek went 7-2 with a 1.87 ERA this year. He made the All Star team but was the losing pitcher, so it's his fault the Cards or Giants won't have home-field advantage in the World Series. Watching Neshek facing Pence was a weird scene. Neshek's jumpy delivery and Pence's perpetual motion batting stance made it look like two guys going one-on-one after downing 10 cups of coffee.
By joekonte in Uncategorized on October 14, 2014 .
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I appeared on BBC Newsnight debating Tony Blair's claim in his memoirs that in introducing the Freedom of Information Act he was a "naive, foolish, irresponsible nincompoop". My opponent was the pugnacious John Prescott.
A Newsnight interview discussing the leak of Afghan War intelligence documents to whistleblower site Wikileaks.
A presentation to Editorial Intelligence media networking hivemind.
Speaking to the Open Rights Group about the lack of transparency in publicly owned information, state sanctioned surveillance and the use of copyright as a form of censorship.
Speaking on Secrets and Surveillance at the Royal Society for the Arts, followed by questions.
Speaking to BBC's HARDtalk programme about the culture of secrecy in Britain and the importance of making public information more accessible.
An interview with BBC Breakfast News on the MPs expenses scandal.
BBC Newsnight host Jeremy Paxman debates the MPs Expenses scandal with Heather Brooke, Benedict Brogan of the Daily Telegraph and MP Stuart Bell.
The full tale of how I battled to obtain MPs' expenses, told at the Centre for Investigative Journalism summer school.
A short interview piece on the criminal investigation into MPs' expense claims.
A short interview with BBC America covering some of the background to the expenses scandal.
Top five tips on getting results with the Freedom of Information Act!
I contributed to 'Suspect Nation', the Channel 4 documentary by Henry Porter on surveillance in the UK.


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Q: Floyd Warshall Algorithm for Shortest Path I was looking through some old contest questions, and I found this one, it looked fun, http://dwite.ca/old/Problem5Jan2006.pdf , I tried using the floyd warshall algorithm to get the shortest path from any node to any other node, can you guys see what I did wrong? it does not give the desired output set out on the contest question page
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class DistanceBetween {

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {
    Scanner s = new Scanner(new File("DATA5.txt"));
    int n = Integer.parseInt(s.nextLine());
    int[][] dist = new int[60][60];
    for(int y=0;y<60;++y)for(int x=0;x<60;++x)dist[y][x]=10000000;
    Map<Character, Integer> map = new TreeMap<Character, Integer>();
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        String text[] = s.nextLine().split(" ");
        int c = 0;
        if (!map.containsKey(text[0].charAt(0))) {
            map.put(text[0].charAt(0), c);
            c++;
        }
        if (!map.containsKey(text[0].charAt(1))) {
            map.put(text[0].charAt(1), c);
            c++;
        }
        dist[map.get(text[0].charAt(0))][map.get(text[0].charAt(1))] = Integer.parseInt(text[1]);
    }
    for (int k = 0; k < map.size(); ++k) {
        for (int i = 0; i < map.size(); ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < map.size(); ++j) {
                dist[i][j] = Math.min(dist[i][j], dist[i][k] + dist[k][j]);
            }
        }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
        String text = s.nextLine();
        System.out.println(dist[map.get(text.charAt(0))][map.get(text.charAt(1))]);
    }
}}

A: There are several problems in your code:
Overwritten mapping
Your int c is local variable of the for cycle which means the highest used mapping index doesn't survive to the next iteration, so the reading in next iteration overrides the previous one. So the distance matrix is not properly filled after data loading.
Solution: move the int c = 0; outside from the for loop.
Unidirectional roads
The roads are bidirectional in the instructions, but you register them only as unidirectional. As the consequence of that are higher on non-existent connections between towns.
Solution: add dist[map.get(text[0].charAt(1))][map.get(text[0].charAt(0))] = Integer.parseInt(text[1]); right after the similar one.

Besides these hard issues I have also couple hints for you. You do not have follow them but as if you want to improve your programming skills then you should think about them.
Messy code
Your code is hard to read, there are multiple restated information such as indicies, the solving process is in the single method etc. Such code is not only hard to read but also extremely hard to debug and fix. For your own good I recommend you to write it cleaner.
Algorithm efficiency
Floyd-Warshall's algorithm has a O(n^3) complexity. The size of problem (amount of towns) is A-M = 13. In this complexity it makes 13^3 = 2197 iterations. I know, it might not seem to be a lot, but consider the amount of tasks to solve in a given time limit.
I would recommend you to use Dijkstra's algorithm which has complexity O(|E| + |V|log|V|). In this task the worst case with some simplification is |E| = (|V|^2)/2, |V|=13. It means, that the final number of iterations is 5 (|V|^2 / 2 + |V|log|V|) = 5 (13^2 / 2 + 13 * log13) ~ 5 * 132 = 660. If I am not wrong and made any mistake, this is significantly less, especially when we consider the total amount of tasks.
Input reading
I might be wrong but I attended multiple programming contests and competitions and it never forced attendees to work with files. An input was always redirected from files to a standard input. I guess, that the main reason for this is a security, but the simplification is probably also highly beneficial.

A: Well that question I got, I am starting to do SPOJ now, and I gotta admit it is pretty difficult later on, but I came across the same kind of question http://www.spoj.com/problems/SHPATH/ , I also used Floyd Warshall
    import java.util.*;

    public class Floydwarshall {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
    String q = s.nextLine();
    for(int t=0;t<Integer.parseInt(q);++t){
        int n = Integer.parseInt(s.nextLine());
        int[][] cost = new int[n][n];
        for (int y = 0; y < n; ++y) {
            for (int x = 0; x < n; ++x) {
                cost[x][y] = 10000;
            }
        }
        Map<String, Integer> map = new TreeMap<String, Integer>();
        int c = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            String a = s.nextLine();
            if (!map.containsKey(a)) {
                map.put(a, c);
                c++;
            }
            int f = Integer.parseInt(s.nextLine());
            for (int j = 0; j < f; ++j) {
                String text[] = s.nextLine().split(" ");
                cost[map.get(a)][Integer.parseInt(text[0]) - 1] =
                        cost[Integer.parseInt(text[0]) - 1][map.get(a)] = Integer.parseInt(text[1]);
            }
        }
        for (int k = 0; k < map.size(); ++k) {
            for (int i = 0; i < map.size(); ++i) {
                for (int j = 0; j < map.size(); ++j) {
                    cost[i][j] = Math.min(cost[i][j], cost[i][k] + cost[k][j]);
                }
            }
        }
        int num = Integer.parseInt(s.nextLine());
        for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
            String text[] = s.nextLine().split(" ");
            System.out.println(cost[map.get(text[0])][map.get(text[1])]);
        }
    }
}}

now it runs alright for the sample input, but when I hand it in, it gives me this
NZEC (non-zero exit code) - this message means that the program exited returning a       value different from 0 to the shell. For languages such as C, this probably means you  forgot to add "return 0" at the end of the program. For interpreted languages (including JAVA) NZEC will usually mean that your program either crashed or raised an uncaught exception.
        Problem is I cannot kind where it crashes or raises an uncaught exception since it
        works with the sample input


text:
Breaking Travel News: Reports
Philippine Airlines launches new ad campaign ahead of Heathrow take-off
Philippine Airlines launches its first print campaign in the UK since 2013 this week and a new London radio campaign next week as part of a new global brand equity campaign 'Experience the Heart of the Filipino,' which introduces travellers to the airline's enhanced product and services.
Timed ahead of the resumption of daily flights from Heathrow to Manila on December 6th on the new B777-300ER aircraft, the campaign comes in the midst of the airline's journey to become the Philippines' only five star full-service legacy carrier, competing with the world's largest carriers.
The campaign aims to build awareness amongst non-Filipino flyers that PAL is an airline representing the best of Filipino culture: hospitality, warmth and total care.
The in-flight travel experience provides a host of comforts for long haul passengers including wide seat pitches, innovative cabin configurations, gourmet food, myPAL Wi-Fi, in-flight entertainment and PAL Boutique.
Working alongside the Philippines Department of Tourism and the Tourism Promotions Board, 'Experience the Heart of the Filipino' aims to inspire travellers with the natural attractions of the Philippines – accessed via the airline's domestic routes - as well as highlighting the airline's inter-connectivity across Asia, Australia, New Zealand and beyond.
The campaign, which kicked off with a video on PAL's YouTube page, will have a digital run via Facebook and YouTube, and select out-of-home media channels in the US, London, Canada via Vancouver and Toronto and Australia via Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane.
PAL marketing vice president Ria Domingo said: "This new campaign is specifically designed to introduce PAL to the mainstream foreign market in a way that adds real value to their travel."
David Cochrane, general manager, UK, Philippine Airlines


text:
Free Live Jazz in The Underground in August
Date: Multiple Dates from August 22, 2019 to August 31, 2019
Time: Thursday, Fridays and Saturdays in The Underground
Cost: Free entry with weekly password found on Instagram Stories @mobmuseum_underground
Join us for live jazz in The Underground at The Mob Museum in August. Find the weekly password in The Underground's Instagram Stories for free admission to the speakeasy located in the basement of The Mob Museum!
Entertainment lineup for August (all performances take place from 7 p.m. to 11 p.m. unless otherwise noted)
August 1: Shaun Degraff Band
August 2: Amanda King
August 3: The Old Fashions
August 8: Laura Shaffer
August 9: Nik at Nite
August 10: Kai Brant Jazz Duo
August 15: Naomi Mauro
August 17: The Old Fashions & Dame Madelyn*
August 22: Laura Shaffer
August 23: The Old Fashions
August 24: The Shaun Degraff Band
*On August 17, we will have live music from 6 p.m. to 12:30 a.m. The Old Fashions and Dame Madelyn will each perform for three hours.
About Our Performers
Shaun DeGraff plays re-imagined jazz influenced versions of modern popular songs. A true vintage jazz experience.
Amanda King combines the best of the jazz and cabaret worlds by applying her creative interpretation of the words, the music and the swing.
The Old Fashions blend the best of the jazz and blues worlds with classics from Sinatra to Armstrong.
Laura Schaffer has a sultry take on the great jazz, torch ,and swing standards.
Nik at Night melds classic tunes with personal stories and anecdotes about his friendship with Frank Sinatra and his days as the Assistant D.A. in Las Vegas.
Kai Brant performs jazz, blues and pop classics and the duo was created out of Brant's love of jazz and her desire to work with exceptional musicians.
Dame Madelyn plays a deep, expressive, and an eclectic mix of jazz, bossa nova and blues.
Naomi Mauro sings the greatest songs from the roarin' 20s to jazz, pop, R&B and Motown.
Must be 21 and over to attend.


On 27th September 2018, DDC MLS took part in Audi Business to Business (B2B) Run in Sarajevo for the second year running. This 5km run for businesses is organised in many European cities and promotes health, activity and teamwork.
Together with over 1200 people from more than a hundred companies based in Bosnia and other guest companies from the region, our team of 12 played their part. The team consisted of colleagues from management, the IT department and several other teams. It was a great opportunity for them to get to know each other better.
In the end the tired legs and aching muscles couldn't distract from the great fun had by all involved, with thoughts of the 2019 race already setting in.
Team member, Muhamed Hamzic, achieved the best time, however, the whole team succeeded in finishing the race, a great accomplishment for everyone involved.