In 2020, Japan is inviting athletes from around the world to take part in the Tokyo Olympic Games. We are hoping for the games to be fair and peaceful. At the same time, we are worried about plans to host baseball and softball competitions in Fukushima City, just 50 km away from the ruins of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant. It was here, in 2011, that multiple nuclear meltdowns took place, spreading radioactivity across Japan and the Pacific Ocean – a catastrophe comparable only to the nuclear meltdown of Chernobyl.
The ecological and social consequences of this catastrophe can be seen everywhere in the country: whole families uprooted from their ancestral homes, deserted evacuation zones, hundreds of thousands of bags of irradiated soil dumped all over the country, contaminated forests, rivers and lakes. Normality has not returned to Japan. The reactors continue to be a radiation hazard as further catastrophes could occur at any time. Every day adds more radioactive contamination to the ocean, air and soil. Enormous amounts of radioactive waste are stored on the premises of the power plant in the open air. Should there be another earthquake, these would pose a grave danger to the population and the environment. The nuclear catastrophe continues today. On the occasion of the Olympic Games 2020, we are planning an international campaign. Our concern is that athletes and visitors to the games could be harmed by the radioactive contamination in the region, especially those people more vulnerable to radiation, children and pregnant women.
According to official Japanese government estimates, the Olympic Games will cost more than the equivalent of 12 billion Euros. At the same time, the Japanese government is threatening to cut support to all evacuees who are unwilling to return to the region. International regulations limit the permitted dose for the general public of additional radiation following a nuclear accident to 1 mSv per year. In areas where evacuation orders were recently lifted, the returning population will be exposed to levels up to 20 mSv per year. Even places that have undergone extensive decontamination efforts could be recontaminated at any time by unfavourable weather conditions, as mountains and forests serve as a continuous depot for radioactive particles. Our campaign will focus on educating the public about the dangers of the nuclear industry. We will explain what health threats the Japanese population was and is exposed to today. Even during normal operations, nuclear power plants pose a threat to public health – especially to infants and unborn children. There is still no safe permanent depository site for the toxic inheritance of the nuclear industry anywhere on earth, that is a fact.
Sure, the Olympics/Paralympics deliver thrilling races, stunning performances and inspiring stories… But they also steal green space and leave mountains of trash, require massive human displacement (gentrification on steroids) and worker abuse (including athlete exploitation), enforce the gender binary, promote noisy nationalism, high-tech surveillance, corruption and cost overruns.
1. Eight years and counting, Tepco, the owner of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, still lacks a viable plan for dealing with the fuel cores that not only "melted down" but "melted through" the heavy steel pressure vessel and landed …where?
2. To keep the site "under control," the plant uses massive amounts of water daily. The result? Tank after tank of contaminated water, with leaks and releases, exposing workers and the surrounding environment – including the Pacific Ocean. Factor recurring earthquakes into that mix.
3. The Japanese government has spent huge sums to corporations to "decontaminate" – moving radioactive contaminants instead of getting people away from harm. Their method involves bagging yard waste and topsoil, resulting in seas of neatly stacked black plastic bags. And just think: 70 % of Fukushima consists of forests and mountains – which by definition cannot be decontaminated. Moreover, the government even wants to reuse contaminated soil.
4. Decontamination can reduce radiation levels to a degree, for a limited time and space. But, every part of the process – hosing down, trimming, digging, bagging, burying, re-digging, transporting, reusing – subjects workers to the risk of exposure. Not surprisingly, many of them are Fukushima residents who lost their livelihoods in the 2011 disaster.
5. Radioactivity itself is invisible. In Fukushima, strange white columns called "monitoring posts" for measuring airborne radiation have become an awkward feature of the landscape. The government wants to get rid of them. Local residents insist that the disaster is not over and that the government needs to be looking after its people—not hosting a sports extravaganza that benefits an elite few.
6. People who fled radiation—often women with children—knew all too well from the beginning the absurdity of the Games being hosted in Tokyo. Their existence is now being erased, with the government cutting off housing aid and opening up mandatory evacuation zones it deems safe for return. What's "safe" for the Japanese government is 20 times looser than international standards.
7. The mandated evacuation zone in Fukushima was too narrow in the first place, and many areas including parts of Tokyo should be designated "radiation-controlled areas," where you'd have to be trained in radiation occupational safety and wear personal protective equipment.
8. The Japanese government and the Japan Olympic Committee (JOC), with the implicit collaboration of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), have concealed or distorted data inconvenient not just for declaring an end to the disaster but for continuing with the national nuclear program. In fact, the Games are a key weapon in suppressing information on radiation and health effects. In the only large-scale health study conducted on the nuclear disaster, the government consistently denies a link between radiation and people's health, despite a striking increase of thyroid cancer among children and youths.
9. The JOC claims that airborne radiation levels in Fukushima and Tokyo are no higher than those in other world cities. But radionuclides move around, and there are many radioactive waste storage sites close to Olympic venues, in addition to "hotspots" with highly radioactive contaminants carried by the wind and distributed unevenly throughout eastern Japan.
10. The JOC has chosen sites in Fukushima for the Olympic softball and baseball games. As the saying goes, the best defense is a good offense. To make sure we get the point, the Olympic torch relay will begin in Fukushima, just 20km (12 miles) south of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.
The 2020 Tokyo Olympics are a disaster coverup.
Is that something you want to be part of?
Statement drafted by NoTokyo2020, an informal collective standing in solidarity with the people of Fukushima and other disaster-affected areas, both those who have left and those who have stayed on.
NEW YORK – March 22, 2019 – PRLog — Rikako Ikee, Japan's reigning national record holder in multiple swimming events and record-setting winner of 6 gold and 2 silver medals at the recent Asian Games has been diagnosed with cancer in the form of Leukemia.
Author of "Fukushima 311: Is the enduring aftermath of the Fukushima nuclear disaster killing off the Earth?" Col. Walter T. Richmond was saddened to learn the news, and expressed his sincerest best wishes that Ikee is able to beat the disease since doctors apparently discovered it in its earlier stages.
The central government hopes the quadrennial sports event will serve as a platform to show that the nation has recovered from the disasters.
But recovery wasn't one of the original themes for the Tokyo Games. The concept was added when it became apparent Tokyo wouldn't be able to secure all the venues needed in the capital or its vicinity. When organizers thus turned to the disaster-hit prefectures of Miyagi and Fukushima, which will host the softball and baseball games, the recovery spin was born, with officials saying the event would contribute to reconstruction.
Moreover, the reconstruction plan for the Tohoku region is expected to end when fiscal 2020 closes in March 2021, putting an end to various central government subsidies that helped both victims and municipalities.
… "The Tokyo 2020 Games have become a goal for us to show the region has recovered," said Yasuki Sato, a Miyagi Prefecture official tasked with coordinating the preparations.
But residents in the area view the preparations as something happening in the background. In fact, some believe they are actually hindering the region's recovery….
What was the Fukushima Nuclear Accident?
The cores of reactors 1, 2, and 3 melted down. The amount of cesium 137 contained in those cores adds up to 7×10^17 Bq, or 8000 Hiroshima bombs' worth. Of that total, the amount released into the atmosphere was the equivalent of 168 bombs, and combined with releases into the sea, the total release of cesium 137 into the environment to date must be approximately equivalent to 1000 Hiroshima bombs. In other words, most of the radioactive material in those cores remains in the damaged reactor buildings. If the cores were to melt any further, there would be more releases into the environment. It is in order to prevent this that even now, nearly 8 years after the accident, water continues to be aimed by guesswork in the direction where the cores might be located. And because of this, several hundred tons of contaminated waste water are accumulating each day. Tokyo Electric Power Company (Tepco) has constructed over 1000 tanks on site to store this water, but the total volume now exceeds one million tons. Space is limited, and there is a limit as well to the number of tanks that can be constructed. Tepco will be compelled to release these waters into the sea in the near future.
Of course, the greatest priority is to secure the melted cores in as safe a condition as possible, but even with the passage of nearly eight years, neither their location nor their condition has been ascertained.17 The reason is that it is impossible to access those sites. Had this accident occurred at a thermal power plant, the problem would have been simple. In the beginning, there might have been fires burning over several days, but once they died down, it would have been possible to go to the site, investigate, repair, and restart operations. In the case of a nuclear power plant, however, anyone approaching the site would die. The government and Tepco have attempted to send in robots, but robots do not stand up well to radiation. The reason is that once their microchips are exposed, their programs get rewritten. Accordingly, almost all the robots sent in to date have failed to return.
From the beginning, I have maintained that the only option is to construct a sarcophagus, covering the plant, as was done at the Chernobyl site in the former Soviet Union. That sarcophagus deteriorated to such an extent in 30 years' time as to require coverage by a second sarcophagus, put in place in November 2016. The second sarcophagus is expected to last for 100 years. We do not yet know what measures will be available at that point. No one who is alive today can expect to see the containment of the Chernobyl disaster. All the more so in the case of Fukushima: the containment of this disaster will not have been achieved even after all who are alive today have died. Moreover, even if it were hypothetically possible to seal the molten core inside the containment structure, that will not mean that the radioactivity will have vanished. Indeed, it would be necessary to protect any such structure for hundreds of thousands to a million years.
Tragedy continues to unfold in the environs of the plant. On the day of the disaster, the government issued a Declaration of a Nuclear Emergency, and mandatory evacuation zones were expanded, beginning at 3 kilometers from the plant, then 10, then 20. Residents in those areas had to leave their homes, taking only what they could carry. Livestock and pets were abandoned. That is not all. Iitate Village, located 40-50 kilometers away from Fukushima Daiichi, received no warnings or instructions immediately after the accident, but one month later, because of extreme contamination, the entire village was ordered to evacuate.
What do we mean when we talk about happiness? For many people, happiness likely supposes uneventful days, one unfolding after the other, in the company of family, friends, neighbors, lovers. This is what was ruptured, one day, without warning. Evacuees first went to centers, such as gymnasiums, then to cramped temporary housing, then to "reconstruction" housing or public housing temporarily "declared" to be evacuee quarters. Family members with shared lives until then were scattered apart. Their livelihood destroyed, people have been taking their own lives out of despair.
This is not all. Even outside the mandatory evacuation zones, there emerged vast contaminated areas that by all rights should have been designated "radiation control zones."19 These are areas where only radiation workers, those who earn their living by handling radiation, are permitted entry. And even those workers, once they enter a control zone, are not permitted to drink water or eat food. Naturally, it is forbidden to sleep. There are no toilets. The government, on the grounds that an emergency situation prevails, has scrapped the usual regulations and abandoned several million people to live in contaminated areas. These people, including infants, drink the water, eat, and sleep in those areas. They have of course been burdened with the risks associated with exposure. And thus abandoned, they are all surely subject to anxiety. Some, seeking to avoid exposure, gave up their jobs and evacuated with their entire families. Others, wishing to protect at least their children from exposure, have split up, with fathers staying behind to pursue their jobs in contaminated areas and mothers leaving with their children. But this has damaged household stability and wrecked family relationships. Staying in contaminated areas hurts the body, but evacuation crushes the soul. These abandoned people have been living in anguish every day for nearly eight years.
On top of this, in March of 2017, the government instructed those it had once ordered to leave, or those who had left of their own volition, to return to those contaminated areas so long as the radiation levels did not exceed 20 millisieverts/year (mSv). The housing assistance it had offered these people, however unsatisfactory, was terminated. This has inevitably meant that some people are forced to return. In Fukushima today, reconstruction is considered the highest priority. If people feel no choice but to live there, then of course, reconstruction becomes desirable. They cannot tolerate living in fear day after day. They would like to forget about the contamination, and fortunately or not, radioactivity is invisible. The central and local governments take active measures to make them forget. Anyone voicing concern or referring to contamination is subject to criticism: they are obstructing reconstruction.
20 mSv per year is the level of exposure permitted only for radiation workers, such as I once was. It is hard to forgive the fact that this level is now being imposed on people who derive no benefit from exposure. Moreover, infants and children, who are especially sensitive to radiation, have no responsibility for the recklessness of Japanese nuclear policy, let alone for the Fukushima disaster. It is not permissible to apply occupational levels of exposure to them. The government of Japan, however, says nothing can be done given the Declaration of a Nuclear Emergency. We can understand an emergency lasting for one day, a whole week, one month, or depending on the circumstances, even for one year. But in fact, the Declaration of a Nuclear Emergency has not been rescinded even after nearly eight years have passed. The government is eager to make people forget about the Fukushima disaster. Media have fallen silent. Most Japanese have been driven to forget that conditions are such that make it impossible to rescind the Declaration even while the regulations that should prevail have been scrapped. The principal culprit in radioactive contamination is cesium 137, with a half-life of 30 years. Even after the passage of 100 years, it will have diminished by only one-tenth. In point of fact, even after 100 years, Japan will be in a state of nuclear emergency.
The Olympic games have always been used to display national might. In recent years, they have become tools for businesses, especially construction companies, which create, and then destroy, large public structures, leading to a colossally wasteful society from which they derive stupendous profit. What is important now is for the state to mobilize all its resources so that the Declaration of a Nuclear Emergency can be rescinded as soon as possible. The priority should be to give relief to those who continue to suffer from the Fukushima nuclear disaster, and at the very least, to protect children, who are blameless, from exposure. The greater the risks facing a society, the more those in power seek to avert peoples' eyes. The mass media will try to whip up Olympic fever, and there will come a time when those who oppose the Olympics will be denounced as traitors. So it was during World War II: the media broadcast only the proclamations from Imperial Headquarters, and virtually all citizens cooperated in the war effort. The more you thought yourself an upstanding Japanese, the more likely you were to condemn your fellow citizens as traitors. If, however, this is a country that chooses to prioritize the Olympic games over the blameless citizens it has abandoned, then I shall gladly become a traitor.
The Fukushima disaster will proceed in 100-year increments, freighted with enormous tragedies. Casting sidelong glances at the vast numbers of victims, the perpetrators, including Tepco, government officials, scholars, and the media, have utterly failed to take responsibility. Not a single one has been punished.20 Taking advantage of this, they are trying to restart the reactors that are currently stopped and to export them overseas. The Tokyo Olympics will take place in a state of nuclear emergency. Those countries and the people who participate will, on the one hand, themselves risk exposure, and, on the other, become accomplices to the crimes of this nation.
Let me begin by thanking colleagues at APJ-Japan Focus—Gavan McCormack, Satoko Norimatsu, and Mark Selden—for their encouragement in pursuing this translation. I am grateful to Eiichiro Ochiai and Bo Jacobs, whose work can also be found on this site, for their patient responses to my questions. Koide Hiroaki likewise responded generously. Errors that remain are my own (NF).
Koide Hiroaki wrote the original text in response to a request by Ms. Kusumoto Junko, who translated, printed, and shipped it along with her own statement to the various national Olympic committees. I am grateful to her for these actions. I also thank Mr. Koide for permission to produce this translation.
"The Fukushima Nuclear Disaster Is a Serious Crime." Interview with Koide Hiroaki by Katsuya Hirano and Hirotaka Kasai. APJ-Japan Focus, Vol 14, Issue 6:2, March 15, 2016.
"Save the Town": Insolvable Dilemmas of Fukushima's "Return Policy." Interview with Namie Town Mayor Baba Tamotsu by Katsuya Hirano with Yoshihira Amaya and Yoh Kawano. APJ-Japan Focus, Vol. 16, Issue 3:2, February 1, 2018.
David McNeill and Paul Jobin, Japan's 3.11 Triple Disaster: Introduction to a Special Issue 特集 3.11. APJ-Japan Focus, Vol 12, Issue 7:1, February 16, 2014.
Notes are by the translator.
Much of the following account draws on Koide's multiple public lectures and interviews as well as author interview on July 22, 2018. For the college years, see especially the evocative essay, "Sōmatō no yō ni meguru omoide" [Like memories swirling on a revolving lantern], Narisuna No. 201 (September 2005), available here.
Of course, it was US President Dwight Eisenhower who launched the strategic dream of "peaceful uses" with its special implications for Japan with his "Atoms for Peace" speech before the UN General Assembly on December 8, 1953, not three months before the fateful Castle Bravo shot on Bikini atoll on March 1, 1954. See Yuki Tanaka and Peter Kuznick's "Japan, the Atomic Bomb, and the 'Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Power,'" APJ-Japan Focus (May 2, 2011) and Ran Zwigenberg, "The Coming of a Second Sun": The 1956 Atoms for Peace Exhibit in Hiroshima and Japan's Embrace of Nuclear Power," APJ-Japan Focus (February 4, 2012).
Even while acknowledging its importance: see interview, "Koide Hiroaki-san ni kiku: 'Genshiryoku mura' de wa naku 'genshiryoku mafia' da" [Mr. Koide Hiroaki's views: It's not a "nuclear village" but a "nuclear mafia"] (March 24, 2015).
The relative poverty of the areas where nuclear power plants have been constructed is an integral aspect of siting considerations. Koide is acutely sensitive to these and other discriminatory practices. "Remote," in any case, is an exquisitely relative designation in a country as small and densely populated as Japan. See here for a series of four maps of Japan, showing nuclear power stations in relation to major cities. If circles with a 20 km radius (12 miles) are drawn around each plant, major cities fall outside their perimeters. But the situation changes drastically if the circle is expanded to 100 kms (62 miles). Double that, to 200 kms (124 miles), and virtually all of Japan, never mind major cities, will be covered by overlapping circles.
As of April 2018, the Kyoto University Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science (Kyoto Daigaku Fukugō Genshiryoku Kagaku Kenkyūsho).
Koide moreover considers the Kumatori site as having been acquired by deception, inasmuch as Kyoto University signed an official agreement guaranteeing the impossible: that no radioactive materials would be released into the air or in the effluent discharged from the Institute.
See, for instance, "Tōdai nara katsudō dekinakatta; Kyōdai Koide jokyō ga konshun taishoku" [I couldn't have sustained my activities at Todai; Kyodai assistant professor Koide retiring this spring], Sunday Mainichi, March 15, 2018; and "Koide Hiroaki Kyōdai jokyō teinen intabyū [Koide Hiroaki, Kyoto University assistant professor, retirement intervew], Tokyo Shimbun, March 23, 2015, available here.
Text of speech, delivered in English, here.
Mainichi report, beginning with actual Board of Audit accounting from October 2018.
See "Japan's Olympics Chief Faces Corruption Charges in France," New York Times, January 11, 2019.
"Radiation Doses Underestimated in Study of City in Fukushima," Asahi Shimbun, January 9, 2019. See also "Journal flags articles about radiation exposure following Fukushima disaster" in Retraction Watch; and especially, Shin-ichi Kurokawa and Akemi Shima, "A Glass Badge Study That Failed and Betrayed Residents: A Study with Seven Violations of Ethical Guidelines Can Be No Basis for Government Policies," Kagaku, Vol. 89:2, February 2019.
"Shinsaigo 'hōshasen niko-niko shiteiru hito ni eikyō nai' Yamashita Nagasaki-dai kyōju 'shinkoku na kanōsei' kenkai kiroku" ["No radiation effects on people who keep smiling" post-earthquake: Record of "serious possibility" noted by Nagasaki University Professor Yamashita], Tokyo Shimbun, January 28, 2019.
"Kantei ni 'ekigaku chōsa fuyō' Fukushima gempatsu jiko de Hōiken riji" ["No epidemiological study necessary": Director of NIRS to Prime Minister's Office following Fukushima nuclear accident], Tokyo Shimbun, February 18, 2019.
"'Seika rirē'yūchi ni hisaichi Fukushima no jūmin ga hiyayaka na wake" [Why the disaster-afflicted residents of Fukushima are cool to hosting the 'Olympic torch' relay], Shūkan Kinyōbi (October 31, 2018). See also her "Follow Up on Thyroid Cancer! Patient Group Voices Opposition to Scaling Down the Fukushima Prefectural Health Survey," APJ-Japan Focus (January 15, 2017).
Cesium 137, with a half-life of approximately 30 years, is a major source of long-term contamination after atmospheric nuclear weapons tests and nuclear power plant accidents. It has been the principal radionuclide of concern in Fukushima. The comparative calculation given here is based on Fukushima estimates released by the Japanese Government in its June 2011 "Report by the Japanese Government to the IAEA Ministerial Conference on Nuclear Safety—The Accident at TEPCO's Fukushima Nuclear Power Stations" (see here for whole report with links to subsequent revisions and here for Chapter VI, "Discharge of Radioactive Materials to the Environment"),. The information on releases appears in table form as part of an August 26, 2011 Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) "News Release" on "Tokyo Denryoku Kabushikigaisha Fukushima Daiichi Genshiryoku Hatsudensho oyobi Hiroshima ni tōka sareta genshibakudan kara hōshutsu sareta hōshaseibushutsu ni kansuru shisanchi ni tsuite" [On the estimates of radioactive materials released by Tokyo Electric Power Company's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station and the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima] (see here). For its estimates of radionuclides released into the atmosphere by the Hiroshima bomb, this report cites the UNSCEAR [United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation] 2000 Report to the General Assembly with Scientific Annexes: "Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation," Annex C, "Exposures to the Public from Man-made Sources of Radiation." The reference is surely to Table 9 (p. 213), "Radionuclides produced and globally dispersed in atmospheric nuclear testing," wherein the radionuclides are listed in identical order as the METI chart on Hiroshima, minus, of course, plutonium 239, 240, and 241 (the Hiroshima bomb, unlike Nagasaki, was a uranium weapon).
On 13 February 2019, Tepco released photos showing first contact with melted fuel debris in unit 2. See here.
See "Important Stories of Decommissioning 2018" by the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy, METI, for the government account of the roadmap, especially pages 20-24 on fuel retrieval.
Standards for such designation vary from country to country and within agencies of a given country. Koide's discussion here is based on the standard of 40,000 Bq/m2 as the threshold of contamination, above which an area should be designated a control zone according to Japanese law.
There are currently more than 30 civil cases winding their way through the courts, but only one criminal proceeding in Tokyo District Course, with three former Tepco executives as defendants, charged with professional negligence resulting in death and injury. Since public prosecutors had twice declined to indict, the criminal charges and the trial came about only through the tenacity of a citizens' group and a little-known system of judicial inquest, somewhat comparable to the US grand jury system minus prosecutorial involvement. See "Five-year prison terms sought for former TEPCO executives," Asahi Shimbun, December 26, 2018.
AOMORI – Half of 42 municipalities in northeastern Japan hit by a massive earthquake in 2011 said the public is not fully aware of the government's efforts to showcase the region's recovery from the disaster through the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, a Kyodo News survey showed Wednesday.
The heads of 21 local governments in Fukushima, Iwate and Miyagi prefectures said in the survey that the "reconstruction Olympics" theme has yet to fully catch on among the public.
Asked whether the slogan has gained public attention, two mayors said "it has not" while 19 mayors said "it mostly has not." Eighteen said "it has a little" and two said "it has." The remaining municipality — the Fukushima city of Soma — did not answer.
"The sporting event will be held under the banner of the 'reconstruction Olympics' but venues are centered on Tokyo," said an official of Otsuchi, Iwate Prefecture.
"We want to use the Olympics as a chance to regain sales channels for our farm products," said an official of the Fukushima town of Namie.
This file photo shows the Tokyo Summer Olympics torch relay held in September 1964.
TOKYO (Kyodo) — Recycled aluminum from temporary housing in Fukushima Prefecture, which was devastated by the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and nuclear disaster, is planned to be used in the crafting of Tokyo 2020 Olympic torches, sources close to the matter revealed Monday.
More than 10,000 pieces of aluminum are expected to be needed for the torches, used by runners in the nationwide relay beginning after the Olympic flame arrives in Japan from Greece on March 20, 2020.
According to sources, organizers will need to coordinate with local governments in the future in order to determine which metals can be procured from temporary housing that is no longer in use.
Tokyo 2020 organizers are also collecting metals from used electronics handed in by consumers nationwide to forge the approximately 5,000 medals to be awarded at the Games, and said in October they had reached their target for bronzes.
The "flame of reconstruction" will first be displayed in Miyagi, Iwate and Fukushima prefectures, the three most affected by the March 11, 2011, earthquake and tsunami that devastated a large part of northeastern Japan.
The Japan leg of the relay will begin in Fukushima on March 26, and will travel across all 47 prefectures of the country over a period of 121 days before arriving in Tokyo for the opening ceremony.
The design of the torch, which has already been approved by the International Olympic Committee, will be announced next spring.
November 18, 2018 this person drove by the crippled Fukushima Daiichi Power Plant. His Geiger counter showed.
TOKYO – Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and International Olympic Committee President Thomas Bach plan to visit the venue in Fukushima for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics later this month, a government source said Sunday.
With a "reconstruction Olympics" being one of the fundamental themes of the Summer Games, the government hopes the visit planned for Nov 24 will increase momentum toward the recovery of the country's northeastern region, devastated by the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and ensuing crisis at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.
Bach will visit Japan to attend a two-day general assembly meeting of the Association of National Olympic Committees starting Nov 28, followed by an IOC Executive Board session, both to be held in Tokyo.
Passers-by look at Sun Child, a 6.2-meter statue clad in a protective suit, near JR Fukushima Station in northeastern Japan, on Aug. 12, 2018.
FUKUSHIMA, Japan (Kyodo) — The statue of a child clad in a protective suit set up near JR Fukushima station has sparked criticism that it gives the impression that Fukushima residents need such gear after the 2011 nuclear crisis.
Yanobe apologized on his website Friday for "discomforting" some people with his artwork, which was created in the wake of the Fukushima Daiichi power plant meltdown and installed near JR Fukushima station in the city of Fukushima on Aug. 3.
But he admitted that his earlier explanation of the artwork — such as calling the clothing "protective gear" and the device on the statue's chest a "Geiger counter" — may have led to misunderstanding.
Critical views were posted on Twitter and the city of Fukushima received calls demanding the statue's removal. "The statue will encourage reputational damage because it gives an impression that people in Fukushima cannot live without protective gear," one person said.
Others argued the statue was "unscientific" because it indicates that it would only be safe for someone wearing protective gear to take off a helmet when the radiation level falls to zero. Usually the radiation level is not zero even in areas not affected by nuclear accidents due to natural radiation.
Yanobe said he wants to discuss with the city about what to do with the statue.
Sun Child is depicted in a yellow Hazmat-style suit. The mayor of Fukushima defended the decision to install the statue.
Residents of Fukushima have demanded the removal of a statue of a child in a protective suit from outside the city's railway station, saying it gives the impression that the area is unfit for human habitation as a result of the 2011 nuclear disaster.
The statue, by Kenji Yanobe, depicts a child dressed in a yellow Hazmat-style suit, with a helmet in one hand and an artistic representation of the sun in the other.
Yanobe said his Sun Child, which was installed by the municipal government after appearing at art exhibitions in Japan and overseas, was intended to express his desire for a nuclear-free world.
The artist said he did not mean to give the impression that local children needed to protect themselves from radiation more than seven years after the Fukushima Daiichi plant became the scene of the world's worst nuclear disaster since Chernobyl.
He pointed out that the child was not wearing the helmet and that a monitor on its chest showed radiation levels at "000".
"I wanted to make a work that encourages people [in Fukushima] … and made the statue of a child standing up bravely and strongly against any difficulties it faces," Yanobe said, according to Kyodo News.
His statue drew criticism on social media and in messages to the city government after it went on display this month. "It will cause damage to Fukushima's reputation because it gives the impression that people cannot live there without protective gear," one poster said, according to Kyodo.
Others pointed out that the monitor reading of zero was misleading, since areas that have not been affected by nuclear leaks have varying levels of background radiation.
The mayor of Fukushima, Hiroshi Kohata, defended the decision to install the statue, saying he believed the child looked hopeful about the city's future, and the sun symbol was a reference to the need to develop clean energy sources.
However, he acknowledged public criticism of the statue and said he would take into account the opinions of residents before making a decision on its future.
Japan's government hopes the 2020 Tokyo Olympics will help highlight Fukushima's recovery from the disaster, despite the slow pace of the costly and complicated task of decommissioning Fukushima Daiichi, and concerns about radiation levels in nearby communities.
The city will host Olympic baseball and softball games and was recently chosen as the starting point for the Olympic torch relay.
The row over the statue comes as local authorities are trying to persuade families to return to evacuated neighbourhoods. Few residents have returned to cities, towns and villages where evacuation orders have been lifted, with families with young children most concerned about moving back.
In Naraha, about 12 miles south of the plant, only several hundred people among the pre-disaster population of 7,400 have returned since the town was declared safe in September 2015.
TOKYO — A coordination council comprising organizations involved in the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics has decided that the torch relay for the 2020 Games will depart from Fukushima Prefecture on March 26, 2020, as part of efforts to encourage residents affected by the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and nuclear disasters.
The organizing committee had thus far given equal consideration to Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures — which were hit hardest by the March 11, 2011 disasters — in line with the banner of the "disaster recovery Olympics" it raised during its bid to invite the games to Tokyo. However, as the number of evacuees from Fukushima stands highest among the three prefectures, and the fact that the prefecture continues to face difficulties emanating from the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant catastrophe, the officials decided to choose the prefecture to symbolize disaster relief efforts.
"We wanted to respect the original starting point of our bidding campaigns," said former Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori, who chairs the Tokyo 2020 organizing committee.
From Miyagi, the torch will then be transported to Shizuoka Prefecture using expressways. After a three-day leg each in Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama prefectures near Tokyo, and a two-day leg each in Yamanashi and Ibaraki prefectures, the Olympic flame will finally arrive in Tokyo on July 10. The torch will then be passed between all of the capital's 62 wards, cities, towns and villages, including those on islands south of Tokyo's city center, for a period of up to 15 days.
The respective organizing committees set up in all of Japan's 47 prefectures will draw up detailed route maps by the end of the year, while the Fukushima Prefectural Government will select the departure point. After the Tokyo 2020 organizing committee compiles the route plans, they will be finalized upon gaining the green light from the IOC by the summer of 2019. After the routes and the number of runners are decided, each prefecture will start selecting torch bearers.
The Tokyo Organizing Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games meets on July 12 to approve the start of the 2020 Olympic flame relay.
The Olympic torch relay will start in Fukushima Prefecture in 2020 to reinforce the image that the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics will be about showcasing the reconstruction from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.
The Tokyo Organizing Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games approved the plan at a meeting on July 12 to have the torch relay start in Fukushima Prefecture from March 26, 2020. The relay will then travel through all prefectures of Japan before entering Tokyo on July 10, 2020.
Each prefecture will establish a committee to organize the relay within their jurisdiction. Those committees will decide on the exact route the Olympic flame will take through their prefectures. Those courses are expected to be completed by the end of 2018.
The Olympic organizing committee will compile those route plans and decide on the specific course of the torch by summer 2019.
There were two proposals for the start of the Olympic torch relay.
One called for the start to be in one of the three hardest-hit prefectures from the 2011 disasters–Fukushima, Miyagi and Iwate.
The other was to follow the precedent set by the 1964 Tokyo Summer Olympics and start the relay in Okinawa Prefecture.
The experts panel within the organizing committee that considered the two proposals pointed out that starting the relay in the Tohoku region could lead to increased expenses because of the need for measures to deal with the cold weather in late March in those prefectures.
But organizing committee members increasingly held the view that there was a need to transmit the message that the Games would be all about recovery and rebuilding from the 2011 natural disasters and accident at the Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant.
That led to the decision to start the relay in Fukushima Prefecture.
Under the general outline agreed to, once the flame leaves Fukushima Prefecture, it would proceed south through the northern Kanto region before moving westward to the Chubu, southern Kinki, Shikoku and Kyushu regions. The flame would be transported by ferry from Kyushu to Okinawa Prefecture and back.
The relay would then pass through the Chugoku, northern Kinki, Hokuriku and Tohoku regions before going to Hokkaido. From the northernmost main island, the relay will proceed along the Pacific coast of the main Honshu island and go through Iwate and Miyagi prefectures before making its way around the southern Kanto region and entering the nation's capital on July 10, 2020.
In Tokyo, the relay will extend over 15 days and pass through all 23 wards as well as outlying cities, towns and villages.
While the International Olympic Committee has set a broad outline for Olympic torch relays that they should be completed within 100 days, the Tokyo organizing committee has been granted an exception, and the relay will take up to 121 days.
Before the start of the Olympic torch relay, the organizing committee will display the flame brought to Japan from the traditional lighting ceremony in Greece as the "light of reconstruction" in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures.
TOKYO, March 17 (Xinhua) — Representatives from the organizers of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics said here Friday that the Fukushima Azuma Baseball Stadium in Fukushima Prefecture would be used as an additional venue for baseball and softball events during the 2020 Games.
The 31-year-old Azuma Stadium in Japan's northeast, which will now have to be renovated, won unanimous approval by the committee ahead of two other stadiums in Fukushima, including the Kaiseizan Stadium in Koriyama and the Iwaki Green Stadium.
The stadium will likely be used for Japan's opening games, officials here said. They added that the location of the events is hoped to ensure the plight of the people of Fukushima remains in the international spotlight, as well as give hope to and encourage the people who live in the disaster-hit prefecture.
The ongoing disaster at the plant operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. (TEPCO), remains the world's worst nuclear crisis since the 1986 Chernobyl accident.
Intense lobbying finally succeeded in getting approval for the 2020 Olympics baseball and softball events to take place in Fukushima prefecture, once more proving that economic reconstruction and pro-nuclear propaganda are more important priorities for the Japanese government than the health protection of anyone.
Nuclear disaster-hit Fukushima won formal approval to host baseball during the Tokyo Olympics on Friday — and may have the honour of putting on the opening game.
Chief organiser Yoshiro Mori said the International Olympic Committee's executive board had agreed to hold baseball and softball in Fukushima at a meeting in Pyeongchang, South Korea.
The choice of Fukushima comes after the prefecture was hit six years ago by the worst nuclear accident since Chernobyl in 1986, forcing the evacuation of tens of thousands of people, some of whom are still unable to return home.
"It's the Tokyo Games but at least one game, probably the opening game, will go to Fukushima stadium," Mori told reporters in Pyeongchang, venue for next year's Winter Olympics.
The choice of baseball is significant as it is Japan's most popular sport and will be closely watched by domestic fans when it returns to the Olympic schedule in 2020.
World Baseball Softball Confederation chief Riccardo Fraccari gave the Fukushima move his blessing, calling it a "tremendous honour and a duty" in a statement issued by Tokyo 2020 organisers.
The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident was triggered by a massive earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011, which devastated a large swathe of northeastern Japan, leaving about 18,500 people dead or missing.
"Tokyo 2020 is a showcase of the recovery and reconstruction of Japan from the disaster, March 11," Mori said.
Among similar efforts, the Olympic football tournament will hold preliminary games in Sendai, while the 2019 Rugby World Cup will take in Kamaishi — both cities in areas affected by the 2011 disaster.
While no deaths have been officially attributed to radiation exposure, some evacuees are concerned the government is moving too fast to deem closed-off areas safe to inhabit.
Government evacuation orders for some 70 percent of the originally closed off areas will be lifted by April 1, except for certain towns near the battered facility, and authorities are encouraging evacuees to return.
But Tokyo Electric Power Co, the nuclear plant operator, and the government are facing a four-decade task of cleaning up and decommissioning the facility.
The decision to hold baseball and softball matches in the city of Fukushima as part of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games has been criticised as a cynical manoeuvre by the Japanese government to convince the world that the 2011 nuclear crisis is over.
The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games announced on Friday that the Fukushima Azuma Baseball Stadium will host softball and baseball matches during the Games.
Venues in Tokyo will host the majority of the sporting events, which will take place nine years after a magnitude 9 earthquake struck off Tohoku, triggering a tsunami that killed more than 18,000 people and the melt-down of three reactors at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant, which is less than 50 miles from Fukushima City.
In a statement, the committee said it believes that "the hosting of events in Fukushima will support recovery efforts in the overall Tohoku region.
"Matches played in the Tohoku region will be further evidence of Tokyo 2020's commitment to bring sporting events to the recovering areas and will demonstrate the power of sport", it added.
The statement makes no mention of ongoing efforts at the Fukushima plant to bring the reactors under control and recover the nuclear fuel that has escaped from containment vessels. Authorities estimate it will take 40 years for the site to be rendered safe.
Work is also continuing to decontaminate areas that were beneath the nuclear plume immediately after the accident. According to government figures, around 120,000 people are still not able to return to their homes because of the disaster.
"It's fine for athletes and spectators to go to Fukushima for a couple of days to compete, but the Japanese government is using this to claim that everything is back to normal and that he evacuees should go back to their homes", said Aileen Mioko-Smith, an anti-nuclear campaigner with Kyoto-based Green Action Japan.
"It's unconscionable", she told The Telegraph. "To tell people that because the Games are being held in Fukushima that it is perfectly safe for people to go back to their homes, for farmers to go back into their fields, for children to play in the open air is just wrong".
Fukushima has been chosen to host baseball and softball matches at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, organisers said on Friday, a move they hope will boost the region's recovery from the March 2011 nuclear disaster.
Azuma baseball stadium, about 70km north-west of the ruined Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, will host at least one baseball game – possibly the opening match – and one or more softball fixtures, according to Yoshiro Mori, the 2020 organising committee president.
"By hosting Olympic baseball and softball events, Fukushima will have a great platform to show the world the extent of its recovery in the 10 years since the disaster," Mori said in a statement.
Mori said the "fantastic idea" to hold baseball and softball matches in the affected area had originated in a meeting between the president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), Thomas Bach, and Japan's prime minister, Shinzo Abe, in October last year.
Two months later, however, the IOC initially declined to add Azuma to the main baseball venue in Yokohama.
Riccardo Fraccari, the president of the World Baseball Softball Confederation, welcomed the IOC's change of heart, describing it as a "great step" that would to "inspire hope and highlight the regeneration in Fukushima".
The Fukushima prefectural government has offered to cover the costs of the refurbishment and renovation work needed to bring the 30,000-seat stadium up to Olympic standards, according to organisers.
Miyagi prefecture, where almost 11,000 people died in the March 2011 triple disaster along Japan's north-east coast, will host preliminary matches in the 2020 football competition.
No evacuation order has ever been in place in the part of Fukushima prefecture where the baseball stadium is located. The Azuma sports park complex served as an evacuation centre for people fleeing radiation caused by the triple meltdown triggered by a magnitude-9 earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011.
Nuclear power officials in Japan insist the 40-year effort to decommission Fukushima Daiichi, including the storage of nuclear waste, will not affect people visiting the region to attend Olympics events.
The IOC's executive board, which is meeting this week in Pyeongchang, South Korea – the host of next year's Winter Olympics – is expected to receive an update on the golf venue for 2020, which has come under pressure to change its discriminatory membership policy. Kasumigaseki Country Club, a private golf course in Saitama prefecture, north-west of Tokyo, forbids women from becoming full members and from playing on Sundays.
Last month, the IOC's vice-president, John Coates, said organisers would have to find another venue if the club refused to drop its restrictions on female players.
Fukushima Gov. Masao Uchibori (left) shakes hands with Yoshiro Mori, who heads the 2020 Tokyo Olympic organizing committee Wednesday in Tokyo, as the committee approved a plan to host baseball and softball games in the prefecture.
Tokyo 2020 Olympic organizers on Wednesday gave the green light for disaster-affected Fukushima Prefecture to host baseball and softball games.
Three cities — Fukushima, Koriyama and Iwaki — are under consideration to stage part of the competition as the two sports return to the Olympic program after an absence of 12 years.
Riccardo Fraccari, president of the World Baseball Softball Confederation, will visit Japan next week to inspect the venues. The International Olympic Committee will make the final decision when it holds its executive board meeting from Dec. 6 to 8.
"We want to emphasize this as a 'recovery games' and we want to work together with everyone to move it forward," said 2020 executive board member Toshiaki Endo.
IOC President Thomas Bach floated the idea of hosting baseball and softball games in Fukushima during a visit to Tokyo last month to take part in the World Forum on Sport and Culture.
"I felt that President Bach had a strong feeling toward Fukushima when he came here," said Fukushima Gov. Masao Uchibori. "The idea of a 'recovery games' is once again in the spotlight and people are thinking carefully about how that can be achieved.
The Yomiuri Giants professional baseball team occasionally hosts Nippon Professional Baseball games at all three venues. Fukushima Azuma Baseball Stadium and Iwaki Green Stadium both have capacities of 30,000, while the older Koriyama Kaiseizan Baseball Stadium holds 18,200.
Neighboring Miyagi Prefecture is hoping to stage rowing and canoe sprint events as a result of a cost-cutting review currently being undertaken by the IOC, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Tokyo 2020 organizers and the national government.
"Miyagi Prefecture, Iwate Prefecture and Fukushima Prefecture all suffered a lot of damage from the Great East Japan Earthquake," said Uchibori.
Uchibori also said he would like his prefecture to host other Olympic-related events such as training camps and a section of the torch relay.
Baseball and softball were voted back onto the Olympic program as a joint bid at an IOC session in Rio de Janeiro in August ahead of the Summer Games. The format of the competitions has yet to be decided.


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Money in the Bank 2014 was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by WWE, which took place on June 29, 2014 at the TD Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. It was the fifth annual Money in the Bank pay-per-view.
Money in the Bank featured professional wrestling matches that involved different wrestlers from pre-existing feuds, plots, and storylines that played out on WWE's primary television programs. Wrestlers portrayed villains or heroes as they followed a series of events that built tension and culminated in a wrestling match or series of matches.
After previous champion Daniel Bryan was stripped of the title due to injury (and subsequent surgery), Stephanie McMahon announced on the June 9 edition of Raw that instead of being for a championship contract, the titular Money in the Bank ladder match at this event would instead be for the vacant WWE World Heavyweight Championship itself. On the June 2 edition of Raw, Alberto Del Rio qualified for the match by defeating Dolph Ziggler. On the June 9th edition of Raw, Triple H placed Randy Orton into the match, and United States Champion Sheamus and Cesaro defeated Intercontinental Champion Bad News Barrett and Rob Van Dam, respectively, to qualify for the match. On the June 13th episode of SmackDown, Bray Wyatt qualified for the match after defeating Dean Ambrose (with interference from Seth Rollins). On the June 16 edition of Raw, Roman Reigns qualified for the match by winning a 20-man battle royal, and John Cena won the last spot in the match, having qualified by defeating Kane in a Stretcher match.
During the John Cena–Bray Wyatt feud, WWE Tag Team Champions Jimmy and Jey Uso would insert themselves in the rivalry alongside Cena to ensure his matches with The Wyatt Family were fair and to counteract Wyatt Family members Luke Harper and Erick Rowan. At Payback, the Usos would once again be in Cena's corner to even the odds and in the process, Cena defeated Bray Wyatt in a Last Man Standing match to culminate the feud. The next night on Raw, Rowan and Harper would shift their attention to the Usos. They then defeated the latter in a non-title tag team match on the June 2 edition of Raw. Due to this win, they earned a match for the Tag Team Championship at the PPV.
On the June 17 episode of Main Event, Seth Rollins announced that a traditional Money In The Bank ladder match would take place at the PPV. The winner of this match will receive a briefcase with a contract that entitles him to a WWE World Heavyweight Championship match at any date, place, and time of his choosing within the next year. Rollins also announced himself as the first participant in the match.
On the June 23 episode of Raw, it was announced that Daniel Bryan will have an exclusive interview on the Kickoff show before the event on the WWE Network.
On the June 17 episode of Main Event, WWE Divas Champion Paige was defeated by Naomi in a non-title match. This would set up a title match at the PPV, with Paige defending against Naomi.
At Payback, after they lost to RybAxel, Cody Rhodes told his brother, Goldust, that he deserves a better partner than him. Following Payback, Goldust was unsuccessful in defeating Rybaxel with his new partners, chosen for him by Cody. On the June 16 episode of Raw, Cody debuted as Stardust and teamed with his brother to defeat Rybaxel. On the June 24 edition of Main Event, Rybaxel challenged Stardust and Goldust to a match at the pay-per-view, which was accepted by Goldust and Stardust on the June 27 edition of SmackDown.
Fandango replaced Summer Rae with Layla as his dance partner and valet. On the May 19 edition of Raw, Rae returned and attacked Layla. They continued to attack each other and interfere in Fandango's matches, thus setting up a match at the pay-per-view, with Fandango as the special guest referee.
Following Payback, Big E and Rusev continued to attack each other. On the June 23 edition of Raw, Rusev attacked Big E after his match with distraction from Lana. On the June 27 edition of SmackDown, Big E attacked Rusev and thus setting up a match at the pay-per-view.
The Usos (Jey Uso & Jimmy Uso) (c) defeated The Wyatt Family (Erick Rowan & Luke Harper) to retain the WWE Tag Team Championship (13:13)
Paige (c) defeated Naomi to retain the WWE Divas Championship (7:10)
Adam Rose defeated Damien Sandow (4:13)
Seth Rollins defeated Rob Van Dam, Jack Swagger, Dolph Ziggler, Kofi Kingston & Dean Ambrose in the Money in the Bank Ladder Match for the WWE World Heavyweight Title contract (23:14)
The Rhodes Brothers (Stardust & Goldust) defeated RybAxel (Curtis Axel & Ryback) (7:45)
Rusev (w/ Lana) defeated Big E (7:17)
Layla defeated Summer Rae (with Fandango as Special Guest Referee) (3:45)
John Cena defeated Sheamus, Bray Wyatt, Alberto Del Rio, Cesaro, Randy Orton, Roman Reigns & Kane in a WWE World Heavyweight Title Ladder Match to win the WWE World Heavyweight Championship (26:30)
Byron Saxton
Pre-show panel
Alex Riley
Charles Robinson
Money in the Bank 2014 Kickoff on WWE Network
Royal Rumble • Elimination Chamber • NXT Arrival • WrestleMania • Extreme Rules • NXT Takeover • Payback • Money in the Bank • Battleground • SummerSlam • NXT Takeover II • Night of Champions • Hell in a Cell • Survivor Series • NXT Takeover III • TLC:Tables, Ladders & Chairs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
\section{}

\section{Introduction}
Over the last two decades there has been considerable interest in PT-symmetric
systems after Carl M. Bender and collaborators discovered that a quantum
Hamiltonian need not be Hermitian to have real eigenvalues, but could also
be PT-symmtric.\cite{1} Here, {\cal P} stands for parity, {\cal T} for time
reversal (complex conjugation). It was found that there is a hidden symmetry
operator for such systems which does not exist in Hermitian systems. The
corresponding operator, {\cal C}, is necessary in order to define a new inner
product for which the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian have positive norm.

Since this discovery, PT-symmetric quantum theory has entered the main stream
of physics investigations and the number of articles written by many authors
on PT-symmetric systems is legion.\cite{2}
The consistency of PT-symmetric quantum
mechanics has been shown; \cite{3} PT-symmetry has appeared in quantum optics
\cite{4,5} as well as technology \cite{6,7,8}. Recently, even time-dependent
systems have been studied.\cite{9} An excellent text on PT-symmetry
by Bender was published in 2019 (with many contributors and dozens of
references) which will be our main reference for this article.\cite{10}

Here, we will present a non-trivial system governed by a PT-symmetric
Hamiltonian in the continuum. In contrast to non-trivial systems studied
in the past, such as the $ix^3$ oscillator, for which perturbation theory
has been required, we will perform all calculations without
approximation. We have organized the paper as follows. In the next section,
we will review the relevant and important facts on PT-symmetric quantum
theory. The Hamiltonian will then be presented. Next, we present a mathematical theorem which will allow us to further analyze this Hamiltonian and show that
it is isospectral to the simple harmonic oscillator. In a further section, we
will derive the exact eigenstates of the Hamiltonian and demonstrate the path
in the complex plane along which one must integrate to ensure the states form
an orthonormal set. Finally, we will derive the hidden symmetry operator for
this system.
\section{Brief summary of PT-symmetric quantum theory}
A PT-symmetric Hamiltonian satisfies
\begin{equation}
[H,{\cal PT}]=0,
\end{equation}
where P is parity and T is time reversal. The latter means complex conjugation
in order to preserve the fundamental commutation relation $[x,p]=i$ under
PT (we take $\hbar=1$ throughout): under PT, $p \to p$ and $x \to -x$.
Examples of (time-independent) potentials might be $V(x)=ix^3$ or
$V(x)=x^2(ix)^n$. Eigenstates of such a Hamiltonian will be denoted here as
$\phi_n(x)$; thus,
\begin{equation}
H\phi_n(x)=E_n \phi_n(x).
\end{equation}
Such states do not have norms which are preserved in time. The so-called
PT-norms are preserved,
$$N=\int \phi_n(x) {\cal PT} \phi_n(x) dx,$$
but they can be {\it negative} which is not allowed for a probability. A
norm may however be defined as follows. There is a hidden symmetry which
is expressed by a new operator, $\cal C$, which does not exist in Hermitian
quantum theory. The action of this new operator is
\begin{equation}
{\cal C} \phi_n(x) = (-1)^n \phi_n(x),
\end{equation}
corresponding to the PT-norm  $\pm 1$. Thus, the CPT-norm,
\begin{equation}
N=\int \phi_n(x) {\cal CPT} \phi_n(x)
\end{equation}
is real and {\it positive} for all $n$. The method of finding this operator
is typically to note that it must satisfy
\begin{equation}
 [H,{\cal C}]=0=[{\cal C},{\cal PT}] \qquad {\cal C}^2 = 1.
\end{equation}
These equations have been solved perturbatively or by semi-classical means
in some non-trivial cases.\cite{11,12} It is known that the C-operator may
be written as,
\begin{equation}
{\cal C}=e^{Q(x,p)}{\cal P},
\end{equation}
where the operator $Q(x,p)$ is {\it even} in position, $x$, and {\it odd}
in the momentum, $p$, in order to satisfy the above requirements. We will
freely use this representation in what follows. Also, it has been pointed
out that for a PT-symmetric Hamiltonian, there exists an iso-spectral
Hermitian Hamiltonian, $h$ with corresponding eigenstates $\psi_n(x)$ both
related to their PT counterparts by a similar exponential transformation:
\begin{equation}
h=e^{-Q/2} H e^{Q/2}, \qquad \psi_n(x)=e^{-Q/2} \phi_n(x).
\end{equation}
The Schr\"odinger equation
$$h\psi_n(x)=E_n \psi_n(x)$$ is easily shown to be identical to that in the
PT-symmetric realm, (2), by direct substitution; the eigenvalues, $E_n$ are the
same in both. Eigenstates of $h$ are orthonormal in the usual way,
as are the eigenstates of $H$, but in the PT-symmetric realm, it is with
respect to the CPT-inner product:
\begin{equation}
\int \phi_n(x) {\cal CPT} \phi_m(x) dx = \delta_{nm}.
\end{equation}
Finally, one must note that this latter integral need not be evaluated along
the real axis, but may need to be along a curve in the complex x-plane. We
will address this need in our example.

\section{The Hamiltonian}
The PT-symmetric Hamiltonian we will discuss is
\begin{equation}
H={1\over 2}p(1+s)^4p + 4\epsilon^2(1+s)^2 +{x^2\over 2(1+s)^2},
\end{equation}
where $s=1+2i\epsilon x$, $\epsilon$ is a real parameter and as usual, $p=-id/dx$ is
the momentum operator. We will use the notation $s$ for $1+2i\epsilon x$ throughout
as well as its complex conjugate $\bar s=1-2i\epsilon x$. That this Hamiltonian
is PT-symmetric is manifest because $PT s = s$; and it
will reduce to the simple harmonic oscillator at $\epsilon=0$. In fact, this
PT-symmetric Hamiltonian is {iso-spectral} to the harmonic oscillator with
eigenvalues $n+1/2$ (for convenience, we will take the oscillator frequency
to be $\omega=1$ and particle mass $m=1$.). In order to demonstrate this
last assertion, we will need a mathematical lemma which we now state (this
lemma will be used several times in what follows):\\
\medskip
{\bf LEMMA} - For any differentiable function $U(x)$, real parameter $\epsilon$
and operator $F=x^2 p + p x^2$,
\begin{equation}
e^{\epsilon F} U(x) = {1\over s} U(x/s).
\end{equation}
In order to prove this lemma, we begin with the expansion of the exponential.
\begin{equation}
e^{\epsilon F}U(x)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty {\epsilon^n\over n!}F^{(n)}U(x)\equiv
\sum_{n=0}^\infty f_n(x).
\end{equation}
Before continuing, we note that $f_0(x)=U(x)$. Now, the $n+1$th term in this
series satisfies
$$f_{n+1}(x)={\epsilon \over (n+1)}F f_n(x),$$ or, after substituting the form
of the operator $F$,
\begin{equation}
f_{n+1}(x)=-{\mu \over n+1} [xf_n(x)+x^2 f'_n(x) ].
\end{equation}
with $\mu = 2i\epsilon$
We note that this is a differential-difference equation. To solve this we
multiply this result by $z^{-n}$ and sum over all $n$ from $0$ to $\infty$ and
define
\begin{equation}
g(x,z)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty f_n(x) z^{-n}.
\end{equation}
$g(x,z)$ constitutes the z-transform of $f_n(x)$ which is invertable in
terms of a contour integral. We will not need the explicit form of
$f_n$, but only the properties listed below of $g(x,z)$ itself:
\begin{equation}
\lim_{z\to \infty}g(x,z)=f_0(x)=U(x), \qquad e^{\epsilon F}U(x)=g(x,1).
\end{equation}
Now, according to Eq.(12,13), $g(x,z)$ satisfies the first-order PDE
\begin{equation}
z^2{\partial g(x,z)\over\partial z}-\mu x^2 {\partial g(x,z) \over \partial x}
=\mu x g(x,z).
\end{equation}
This PDE is solvable by standard means - the exact, general solution is
\begin{equation}
g(x,z)={1\over x}\Phi({2 i\epsilon x z\over z+2i\epsilon x}).
\end{equation}
We must satisfy the initial condition $g(x,\infty)=U(x)$; hence
\begin{equation}
U(x)=\lim_{z\to \infty} g(x,z)={1\over x}\Phi(2i\epsilon x)\equiv {1\over x} \Phi(A),
\end{equation} and thus
$$\Phi(A)={A\over 2i\epsilon}U({A\over 2i\epsilon }),$$ or
$$g(x,z)={z\over z+2i\epsilon x}U({xz \over z+2i\epsilon x}).$$ The series sum is
$g(x,1)$; hence the lemma follows
\begin{equation}
e^{\epsilon F} U(x)=g(x,1)={1\over s} U(x/s)
\end{equation}
\\
The simple harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian is
$h={1\over 2}p^2 +{1\over 2}x^2.$
With this lemma in hand, we may now show that whenever $\psi_n$ is a solution
of the harmonic oscillator $h\psi_n=E_n \psi_n$ then the corresponding
PT-symmetric $H$ above satisfies $H\phi_n=E_n\phi_n$ with the same $E_n$.
To simplify the coming algebra, let $w=1/s$, $z=wx$ and $s$ is defined
as before. Now, since the action of $p$ on $x$ is $-i$ it follows that
\begin{equation}
p w = -2\epsilon w^2, \qquad p z = -iw^2
\end{equation}
The Hamiltonian (9) in this notation is
\begin{equation}
H={1\over 2} p w^{-4}p+4 \epsilon^2 w^{-2}+{1\over 2}z^2.
\end{equation}
Let us suppose that the transformation between $\phi$ and $\psi$ is given
by Eq.(7) and the lemma as
\begin{equation}
\phi(x)=e^{Q/2} \psi(x) = e^{\epsilon F} \psi(x) = w\psi(z),
\end{equation}
in the current notation and
where the transformation operator is $Q=2\epsilon F$ (later, we will show this
explicitly in another way). We find using the above that
\begin{equation}
p\phi = \psi p w + w{d\psi \over dz} p z = -iw^3 {d\psi\over dz}-2\epsilon w^2 \psi.
\end{equation}
We then find, using straightforward algebra that
\begin{equation}
{1\over 2}pw^{-4}p \phi=w \Big [ -{1\over 2} {d^2\psi \over dz^2}-
4\epsilon^2 w^{-2}\psi \Big ].
\end{equation}
Then it follows that
\begin{equation}
H\phi = w \Big [-{1\over 2} {d^2 \psi \over dz^2} + {1\over 2}z^2 \psi(z)
\Big ]
\end{equation}
The expression in square brackets is just the usual harmonic oscillator
Hamiltonian acting on $\psi$. Thus, if $\psi$ is an eigenstate of the
oscillator, then $\phi=\exp(\epsilon F) \psi$ is an eigenstate of the PT-symmetric
Hamiltonian with the same eigenvalue. We will later write down the states
$\phi_n(x)$ explicitly.

The Hamiltonian (9) may be obtained from the harmonic oscillator directly.
Reversing the transformation given in (7) we have
\begin{equation}
H=e^{Q/2} h e^{-Q/2}=e^{Q/2} [ {1\over 2}p^2 + {1\over 2} x^2 ] e^{-Q/2}
\end{equation}
The right-hand side may be written in terms of nested commutators with
$Q=2\epsilon F=2 \epsilon [x^2 p + p x^2]$:
\begin{equation}
H=e^{\epsilon F} h e^{-\epsilon F}= h +{\epsilon \over 1!}[F,h]+{\epsilon^2 \over 2!}[F,[F,h]]+\dots
\end{equation}
or
\begin{equation}
H=h+{\epsilon \over 1!}C_1+{\epsilon^2 \over 2!} C_2 + \dots,
\end{equation}
where $C_n=[F,C_{n-1}]$.
As one calculates commutators, one notices two types of terms: powers of $x$,
or powers of $x$ sandwiched between two factors of momentum, $p$.
\begin{equation}
[F,x^n]=-2inx^{n+1}, \quad [F,px^np]=i(8-2n)px^{n+1}p-2nix^{n-1}
\end{equation}
It turns out that there are only a finite number of terms bounded by $p$s,
a finite grouping of powers of $x$ and an infinite series in powers of
$x$ alone. This series may be easily summed, and combining all terms yields
the Hamiltonian (9).
\section{The eigenfunctions of $H$}

The eigenfunctions of $H$ may be found directly from the transformation (7).
Recall that the wavefuntions of the simple harmonic oscillator are
\begin{equation}
\psi_n(x)=A_n H_n(x) e^{-x^2 /2},
\end{equation}
where the $A_n=(\sqrt{\pi}2^n n!)^{-1/2}$, $H_n(x)$ are Hermite polynomials
satisfying $H_n(-x)=(-1)^n H_n(x).$
Thus, by our lemma
\begin{equation}
\phi_n(x) = e^{\epsilon F}\psi_n(x)={A_n \over s} H_n(x/s) e^{-x^2/2s^2}
\end{equation}
We note that due to the symmetry property of the $H_n$ noted above
${\cal PT}\phi_n(x)=(-1)^n \phi_n(x)$; that is, these are eigenstates of
PT with eigenvalues $\pm 1$.

We may now write down the C-operator for this system and find its action on
these states. According to Eq. (6), the C-operator should be
\begin{equation}
{\cal C} = e^Q {\cal P} = e^{2\epsilon F}\cal P.
\end{equation}
We have already shown the action of the exponential operator above in the lemma;
we need only double the coefficient of $F$. Hence,
\begin{equation}
{\cal C}\phi_n(x)=e^{2\epsilon F} \phi(-x)={1\over t}\phi_n(-x/t),
\end{equation}
where $t=1+4i\epsilon x$ (similar to $s$). In order to find the explicit action
of $C$, we need only calculate the following:
\begin{equation}
{\cal C} [{1\over s}]=[{1\over t}][{1\over 1-2i\epsilon x/t}] = {1\over s},
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
{\cal C} \Big [ {x\over s}\Big ]^n=\Big [{-x/t \over 1-2i\epsilon x/t} \Big ]^n =
(-1)^n [x/s]^n.
\end{equation}
It then follows immediately from the explicit form of $\phi_n(x)$ above
that
\begin{equation}
{\cal C} \phi_n(x)=(-1)^n \phi_n(x),
\end{equation}
as it should according to the general theory. The action of $\cal{CPT}$
is thus to  multiply the state $\phi_n$ by unity and thus the CPT-norm of
the state will be positive.

The last property we need to demonstrate is the orthogonality of the states
in (30). We begin with the known orthonormality of the harmonic oscillator
states (which are real-valued):
\begin{equation}
\delta_{nm}=\int_{-\infty}^\infty \psi_n(q) \psi_m(q) dq.
\end{equation}
Transforming these states to eigenstates of $H$ by Eq.(7) using our lemma,
we have
\begin{equation}
\delta_{nm}=\int_{-\infty}^\infty {dq \over \bar s^2}\phi_n(q/\bar s)
\phi_m(q/\bar s),
\end{equation}
with $\bar s=1-2i\epsilon q$.
In order to make sense of this orthogonality relation, we change variables
from the real number, $q$, which runs over all real values, to the complex
number $z$ which is parametrized by $q$:
\begin{equation}
z=x+iy={q\over 1-2i\epsilon q}, \qquad dz = {dq\over \bar s(q)^2}
\end{equation}
The inner product integral now reads,
\begin{equation}
\delta_{nm}=\oint \phi_n(z) \phi_m(z) dz,
\end{equation}
where the integration path in the complex z-plane begins at $z=i/2\epsilon$
($q=-\infty$) passes through the origin and once again ends at $z=i/2\epsilon$
($q=\infty$)as shown in the figure.\cite{13}
\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=8.7cm]{Path.eps}
\caption{The path required of the inner product of states Eq.(39) }
\label{path}
\end{figure}

\section{Summary}

We have found a non-trivial PT-symmetric continuum Hamiltonian, Eq.(9) which is
isospectral to the simple harmonic oscillator with eigenvalues
$n+1/2$. The corresponding eigenstates, Eq.(30), are PT-symmetric and
form an orthonormal set of states, with path of integration a closed curve
in the complex plane. We have written down the action of the hidden symmetry
operator, $\cal C$, Eqs.(32,35) and have explicitly shown that its action on
any one of the states is to simply multiply it by its PT-norm; that is,
the ${\cal CPT}$ norm is real and postive. In contrast
to other systems studied in the continuum, we made no approximations.

\begin{acknowledgments}
It is a pleasure to thank Carl Bender for helpful discussions.  DG was supported by NSF grant PHY-2102914.
\end{acknowledgments}

\subsection*{Data availability statement}

No new data were created or analyzed in this study.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


We often think of contracts as crucial for limiting risk and protecting our companies in business transactions. They are good for that, it's true. This narrow definition can lead us to believe we don't need one, when outsourcing to someone we know or have worked with before, for example.
A written work agreement serves a number of purposes and no SEO project should start without one. In addition to offering protection, it clarifies expectations, eases communication throughout the project, and helps to keep the project on track. Email history and a handshake just aren't enough to get a project off the ground, regardless of how well you think you know someone.
Disclaimer: I'm not a lawyer. This isn't legal advice. You should seek the opinion of a qualified legal professional before entering into any business relationship or contract. This is based on my own experience having bought and sold services online for a number of years.
With that out of the way, let's have a look at the key components of a SEO Work Agreement and why you need to include them in your contract before starting any new project. These are the bare bones for any work agreement; yours may require additional information based on the project.
Basic contact information seems like a no-brainer, yet many work agreements lack one important piece: an emergency contact. This isn't so much a concern if you're working with a large company (on either side). Individual service providers can often do the job just as well as large companies, but who do you contact if they are unavailable?
It's just good business for SEOs (and all other types of companies) to have measures in place to ensure work continues if a key person on the project can't complete the work, for any reason. Even if they were to become completely incapacitated, you need to get in touch with someone to kill the project and close it out. Who is that person and how do you reach them?
When I did outsource services, I was fortunate enough to have a trusted family member work with me on occasion. This person had access to a file with all current projects, contact information, and instructions in case of emergency. As a buyer, you need to know your service provider has this type of plan in place.
Include the start and end dates, as well as any stipulations on canceling the project before the end date. This should include any notice required and penalties applicable if either party is unable to continue until completion.
Services rendered: If you are buying link building, include link characteristics, volume, etc. If content creationis part of the deal, how much and how often? Be specific to avoid disagreements later on.
Acceptable file formats: For exchanging information.
Site permissions: Who has access and to how much of your data?
Inclusions and exclusions: Such as software or membership fees.
Equipment: If you are providing any equipment for the SEO provider, list the specifics and any liabilities.
Other providers or players: Will the SEO provider be responsible for corresponding with your developer or other in-houseor outsourced professionals? How and when will this happen and what information can they share?
Physical property rights: Hardware, CDs or other physical materials.
Ancillaries: Such as scheduled meetings or phone/email support.
Procedure for changing scope of work agreement during the life of the project.
Milestones are an important part of work agreements that are often overlooked. These are the dates certain aspects of the project are to be completed, with corresponding payments. This is especially important in SEO, as it is an ongoing process.
Whether a provider can guarantee results is a point of contention in the SEO world; you will find some who offer a guarantee, while others say it's impossible and steer clear. However, milestones can be based on deliverables and not results. The point is to outline clear dates by which certain aspects of the project will be completed and how the success of each step will be measured.
Payment terms must be clear and include amounts, dates, conditions where applicable, discounts, penalties, and method of payment.
This is an important consideration for most companies.
What type of information can the SEO provider share about your company or project and with whom?
Can they include your work in their portfolio, whether redacted or in full?
Are you willing to act as a reference for them?
You may choose to use a separate non-disclosure agreement if you already have one.
If, despite all of your careful planning, a dispute arises, it's important to have a clear process for managing and resolving it.
The dispute resolution section of your work agreement with a SEO provider should contain clear instructions for voicing a complaint, with method of contact and a timeline for response by the other party.
If you're unable to come to an agreement, what are the next steps?
Will you use a mediator, take legal action, leave online reviews?
All of this needs to be covered ahead of time because as much as we try, things just don't work out sometimes. A dispute resolution policy can help prevent problems from spiraling out of control and degenerating into a public argument that can harm both parties (especially true in the online world).
SEO is serious business; the benefits can be massive, but so can the risks. You are giving someone the keys to your online business and reputation in the hopes their work will increase your visibility and profitability. As with any other type of business service, the risks are manageable and you shouldn't avoid SEO because of them.
Large SEO contracts may require specific legal advice for each new project. Smaller companies still need to work with a lawyer to make sure they are legally protected as much as possible, even if that means having one all-encompassing contract done up that could apply to most of your SEO buying needs. There may be some overlap in sections but it's better to have as many eventualities covered as possible.


text:
@implementation TestProject_LibraryTests

- (void)setUp
{
    [super setUp];

    // Set-up code here.
}

- (void)tearDown
{
    // Tear-down code here.

    [super tearDown];
}

- (void)testWillPass
{
}

@end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


You've reached the first post about Winulator. What is this about? Some of us who grew up in the 90's, still feeling amorous with some of the games from that era. Almost two decades later, mobile devices are becoming the new PCs. Originally I came from a Windows-based world on my early programming days, so I felt inclined to bring some of the games too.
I am not referring to the old DOS games. Those already have emulators for Android and iOS. I am talking about games released for Windows 95/98, based on DirectX APIs. Those games assume a Pentium 90Mhz CPU, and usually no more than 256MB of memory. You have guessed right - today's mobile phones and tablets are strong enough to run these games.
However, some adapting needs to be done, and this is where Winulator takes its place. The OS is entirely different. Not a problem, we can implement the DirectX and Win32 calls. But wait! The CPUs architectures are different - if only these games were compiled for ARM instead of Intel. Also not a problem. We can either perform just-in-time compilation between the two architectures, or - we can convert the entire binary before it runs. And what about touchscreens? We will deal with that later.
At the current state, the app is still in development - but stay tuned - I plan to put some nice screenshots and demo of the app running the lovely PC game Caesar III on my two Android devices.
Interesting. It wouldn't be bad to have a game one enjoyed during the early days of PC evolution on one's android phone.
cool but would it be possible for this to be developed for iOS as well?


I love following teacher blogs and many times, while reading a post, I think, "I should do this too." I have no idea what I'm doing as a blogger, but I do want to share ideas, tips, tricks, and lessons that I've learned and use everyday in my classroom.
This is my eighth year teaching. I have taught three years of kindergarten, I subbed K-6 grade for a year (after a move to get married), and I am now on my fourth year in first. I adore first grade! Firsties still love coming to school and learning, but they are so much more independent than kindergartners. There are just so many incredible opportunities for teaching and learning!
First and foremost, I believe that any classroom has to be organized, child-friendly, and structured. In a classroom that is well managed, fantastic learning will take place. So, with that said, that is where I'll start. Stay tuned for a classroom tour, management tips, and more!
Great blog! I look forward to following your posts.


text:
Laurance Rockefeller
Trustee, Natural Resources Defense Council; Private philanthropist; Former chairman, Rockefeller Brothers Fund; Former chairman, Citizens Advisory Committee on Environmental Quality; Trustee, the Laurance Rockefeller Charitable TrustPhilanthropist Laurance Rockefeller — grandson of John D. and brother of Nelson and David — has spent his life spending the family's money on environmental causes. He has given millions of dollars to support national parks, establish historic sites, and fund a variety of activist groups. In his youth Rockefeller was a venture capitalist, but by the 1950s he was concentrating on environmental issues, chairing the Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission and the Citizens Advisory Committee on Environmental Quality. He has served as a trustee of NRDC since 1979.
Rockefeller has also given hundreds of thousands of dollars to the Center for Psychology and Social Change in Massachusetts, an outfit that investigates alien abductions. He has funded a scheme to signal aliens with halogen lamps and once held a UFO conference at his ranch in Wyoming.
Laurance Rockefeller is connected to the following organizations:
Activist Facts is a project of the Center for Organizational Research and Education.
Learn more about Activist Facts.
Commitment to Accuracy
Activist Facts is committed to accuracy. Feel free to contact us with factual corrections and comments.
© 2020, Center for Organizational Research and Education.


I recently had the pleasure of reading and reviewing, Chasing Eveline, a sweet and touching new YA novel that I thoroughly enjoyed. Author Leslie Hauser was kind enough to answer some questions regarding the novel and her work. Enjoy the interview, and check out the original review here!
1. Congratulations on your debut novel, Chasing Eveline. Can you give us a quick overview of the story?
reunite 80s Irish rock group Chasing Eveline. Ivy's mom left two years ago, and while Ivy wavers between sadness and anger, she knows she's not ready to lose her mom forever. So she gets it in her head that if she can reunite her mom's favorite band, not only will she keep her mom alive in her life but she may even be able to find her.
2. Where did your inspiration for the story come from?


text:
South Carolina Beaufort County Bluffton
About Bluffton
Bluffton is located in Beaufort County. It is Hilton Head Island's closest mainland neighbor.
In the early 1800s rice and cotton planters from the "Low Country" built summer houses on this "High Bluff" overlooking the May River. Away from the heat, mosquitoes, and malaria, they and their families enjoyed the weather, the water, and the abundant fish, clams, oysters, and shrimp. These features are still enjoyed by Bluffton's residents and visitors alike.
Hilton Head is the largest city near Bluffton. It is immediately across the Intra-Coastal Waterway on US 278. Here is a map of the Beaufort County area.
Be sure to check out Bluffton in the South Carolina Picture Project for beautiful pictures of the town.
Things to Do in Bluffton
Bluffton Accommodations
Hotels and motels in Bluffton
There are no hotels in downtown Bluffton – but don't worry – most Bluffton hotels are located near the Tanger Outlet Mall along US 278 and are just a short drive from the downtown area and Hilton Head Island beaches.
Bluffton Attractions
Bluffton Oyster Company
Located on the May River, Bluffton Oyster Company is the oldest oyster factory in South Carolina.
Church of the Cross
This historic church has been sitting atop May River's bluff for 150 years. The church was consecrated in July 1857.
Heyward House Historic Center
Since 2000, the Heyward House Historic Center has been the official welcome center of Bluffton.
May River
The May River winds through the Old Town area of Bluffton, which locals call "the last true coastal village of the South."
Myrtle Island lays along the historic May River near Bluffton. With just two roads on the small island, it provides visitors with a classic lowcounty views.
Rose Hill Plantation
Originally founded in 1718, with the house constructed in the late 1850s, Rose Hill Plantation is available for special occasions and open for tours by reservation.
Shopping in Hilton Head - including Bluffton
Bluffton is home to fantastic shopping opportunities at the outlet stores. Locally owned stores also dot the downtown landscape for those looking for more of a boutique type shopping experience.
Bluffton Events
Festivals and events in Hilton Head - including Bluffton
If you're visiting Bluffton in the fall, try to plan your trip around the Bluffton Arts & Seafood Festival – it's one of the best in South Carolina!
Bluffton Recreation, Sports, Clubs
Recreation in Beaufort County - including Bluffton
Summer camps in Beaufort and Hilton Head - including Bluffton
Bluffton Travel Guides
Bluffton Rock Star Living
Bluffton Maps, Transportation
Bluffton Maps
Maps of Bluffton
Maps of Beaufort County
Historical maps of Beaufort County
Bluffton Transportation
The closest airport to Bluffton is Hilton Head Island airport, which does not have a major commercial airport (American Airlines is currently the only carrier to directly serve the island). The closest large commercial airport is located about an hour away in Savannah, Georgia. The Charleston International Airport is located two hours from Bluffton, to the north.
Charleston International Airport - CHS
Hilton Head Island Airport - HHH
Savannah International Airport - SAV
The Lowcountry Regional Transportation Authority provides the Hilton Head and Bluffton areas with public bus service.
Palmetto Breeze - Lowcountry Regional Transportation Authority
Bluffton Jobs, Careers
Jobs in Hilton Head
Our exclusive Hilton Head area job board organizes jobs by type of employer, company name, and area including Bluffton.
SC Works of the Lowcountry
The Lowcountry Workforce Development Area strives to develop workforce solutions in Bluffton, Hilton Head and Beaufort County, Colleton County, Hampton County, and Jasper County. It focuses on improving the economy by providing skilled employees for new and future businesses.
Bluffton Businesses
For a full guide to businesses located in and around Bluffton, please see our South Carolina Business Directory.
Private Communities in Hilton Head - including Bluffton
Real Estate in Hilton Head - including Bluffton
Bluffton Economic Development
Bluffton's main economic development organization is its joint chamber and visitors bureau.
Hilton Head Island-Bluffton Chamber of Commerce
The mission of the Hilton Head Island-Bluffton Chamber of Commerce is to advance the interests of its 1,600+ members while stimulating the Hilton Head area's economy. The chamber also operates a Visitor & Convention Bureau for Hilton Head.
Bluffton News & Media
Bluffton has a semi-weekly newspaper (delivered Wednesdays and Sundays) called Bluffton Today, which also offers a daily digital companion. Other Bluffton area newspapers and magazines can be found here:
Hilton Head newspapers, magazines
Bluffton lies within the Savannah, Georgia service area, and most of its television and radio stations are located there:
Radio stations serving Hilton Head - including Bluffton
Radio stations serving Beaufort - including Bluffton
TV stations serving Beaufort and Hilton Head - including Bluffton
Bluffton Government
The Town of Bluffton is located in Beaufort County.
Town of Bluffton Government
Bluffton Township Fire District
Beaufort County Government | Phone numbers, addresses
Bluffton Schools, Colleges, Libraries
K12 schools in Beaufort County
Bluffton is served by the Beaufort County School District. The Bluffton area also offers several private schools.
Colleges in Beaufort County
There are no colleges in Bluffton itself, but there are three colleges located in nearby Beaufort.
Libraries, archives in Beaufort County
The Beaufort County Library system, which is operated by Beaufort County, has a branch in Bluffton. You can also use this guide to find other libraries and archives near Bluffton.
Bluffton Churches, Nonprofits
The closest hospital to Bluffton is located on Hilton Head Island:
If you are looking for a place to worship on Hilton Head Island, this guide will help you:
Churches in Bluffton
Bluffton, Hilton Head, and Beaufort provide a host of charities and community service organizations for local residents.
Nonprofit organizations in Beaufort County
SC coastal environmental organizations
This guide will help you locate helpful senior citizen resources in the Town of Bluffton and all of Beaufort County.
Senior citizen resources in Hilton Head - including Bluffton
Bluffton History, Genealogy
History of Bluffton
Bluffton plantations
Genealogy of Beaufort County families


Discuss and Display your Mesh Builds and projects, post tutorials and links to examples. Blender - Maya - 3D Studio - ZBrush - Sculptris and many other tools and scripts related to modeling!
This page explains how to connect the client you downloaded to a grid. You note it was Firestorm that you downloaded, do make sure it is a version of Firestrom that supports OpenSim (For SL & OpenSim xxbit).
Once you're in-world (installed/configured your client to connect to OSgrid, logged into the 3D world, and are seeing your selected avatar in the viewer) there are several different ways to teleport around but first you gotta get there.
I'm not sure what the default location is for OSgrid currently but I'm sure you'll either land in an area with some avatars hanging around whom will be happy to answer your questions or in an area with signage to explain the basics.
This link can only be used once to log in and will lead you to a page where you can set your password.
After choose in the viewer ( grid list ) Osgrid.
Once you are in, go to LBSA for more assistance.


This is a placeholder page for Heather Walters, which means this person is not currently on this site. We do suggest using the tools below to find Heather Walters.
You are visiting the placeholder page for Heather Walters. This page is here because someone used our placeholder utility to look for Heather Walters. We created this page automatically in hopes Heather Walters would find it. If you are not Heather Walters, but are an alumni of Olathe East High School, register on this site for free now.


text:
require 'spec_helper'

describe "openings/edit" do
  before(:each) do
    @opening = assign(:opening, stub_model(Opening,
      :day_of_week => 1,
      :restaurant_id => 1
    ))
  end

  it "renders the edit opening form" do
    render

    # Run the generator again with the --webrat flag if you want to use webrat matchers
    assert_select "form", :action => openings_path(@opening), :method => "post" do
      assert_select "input#opening_day_of_week", :name => "opening[day_of_week]"
      assert_select "input#opening_restaurant_id", :name => "opening[restaurant_id]"
    end
  end
end


text:
Vol. 2, Issue 1, January 6, 2004
Airport Security Policy Boon to Caricature Artists
With the United States still under high alert for terror attacks, the Bush administration launched a controversial security program Monday requiring foreign travelers arriving in the country by air and sea to be fingerprinted and caricatured.
"It is a very unobtrusive change," said U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge. "We're going to ask visitors to leave two digital finger scans, and while they're doing that a quick sketch will be completed by a qualified caricature artist. And all this is in the regular course of processing their visas." Ridge said test-runs of the system show the procedure adds only 15 seconds to a traveler's security checks.
The caricature artists, who have been recruited from carnivals all over the country, are sketching accurate and amusing portraits of each visitor. To save time and improve the efficiency of the process, all the large caricature heads are drawn onto a pre-printed form with a tiny body riding an amusingly diminutive airplane.
"Normally, we'd let the customer pick what they want to be doing in the drawing - you know, playing tennis, riding a surfboard, or whatever," said Caricature Artists Group spokesperson Claire Thompson. "But this is serious business, so we're going with the pre-printed forms."
The system - being launched at 115 U.S. airports and 14 seaports - allows customs agents to instantly check a visitor's background for criminal records in the Federal Bureau of Investigation's data bank using ethnic stereotypology, a new branch of criminal science initiated by the Justice Department following 9/11.
"In general, it's hard to stereotype someone with an automated system," said Ridge. "However, the caricatures exaggerate and emphasize cultural and ethnic features to the point where a digital scanner is able to recognize them. It's truly a marvelous system."
Foreign travelers have expressed dissatisfaction with the new system, claiming it is humiliating, inaccurate and unnecessary.
"That picture doesn't look anything like me," said French traveler Claude Girabel. "I am not wearing a beret or carrying a baguette under my arm; nor am I sneering. It's insulting."
Some nations have threatened retaliatory measures. Brazil has already begun a program requiring all Americans to be caricatured upon arrival, portraying them as cowboys.
"I would not want to second-guess the security program of another sovereign nation," said Ridge in response to the new Brazilian program. "And actually, I think it's kind of flattering to imagine that there's a little cowboy in every American man, woman, and child. It's a vision I think we can all believe in."
Bush Administration Issues Letters of Marque to Airlines
Iraq Occupation Hampered By Translator's Illness
Rumsfeld, Ashcroft At Odds Over Deportation of Roswell Aliens


text:
William Shane Beardsley, född 13 maj 1901 i Beacon, Iowa, död 21 november 1954 nära Des Moines, var en amerikansk republikansk politiker. Han var Iowas guvernör från 1949 fram till sin död.

Beardsley studerade vid Bowen Institute of Pharmacy och var sedan verksam inom läkemedelshandeln. På 1930-talet satt han i Iowas senat och mellan 1947 och 1949 i Iowas representanthus. År 1949 efterträdde han Robert D. Blue som Iowas guvernör och avled år 1954 i ämbetet. Guvernör Beardsley omkom i en bilolycka och gravsattes på New Virginia Cemetery i New Virginia.

Referenser

Noter

Externa länkar

Guvernörer i Iowa
Amerikanska republikaner
Personer som omkommit i trafikolyckor
Personer från Mahaska County
Födda 1901
Avlidna 1954
Män

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Deus ex Machina in a Sentence 🔊
Definition of Deus ex Machina
describes a situation in which a hopeless scenario is resolved by an unexpected and highly fortunate power or event, usually as a poor plot device in writing
Examples of Deus ex Machina in a sentence
The hero was cornered by the enemy and essentially defeated, but he was saved by a Deus ex Machina when he magically acquired a new power to defeat his enemies seemingly for no reason. 🔊
It is considered Deus ex Machina when the heroes of a movie are saved from a hopeless situation by circumstance. 🔊
A Deus ex Machina occurred in the book when the protagonist was saved from certain doom thanks to a power they mysteriously acquired just when they needed it. 🔊
A good writer will never use Deus ex Machina to resolve their story, because it is poor writing to resolve the plot through circumstance or impossible luck. 🔊
In this movie, the heroes survive only due to Deus ex Machina, in which their strongest warriors just so happened to unlock new abilities just when he needed them. 🔊
Other words in the English Writing Styles category: