text:
\subsection{HLA - System of Systems}

High Level Architecture (HLA) is an IEEE standard for distributed simulation. Here, architecture is defined as: "\textit{Major functional elements, interfaces, and design rules, pertaining as feasible to all simulation applications, and providing a common framework within which specific system architectures can be defined}" \cite{HLA}. HLA is a standardized interaction architecture, which is used for exchange of information in distributed simulations. As described in \cite{HLA_DIS_7}, HLA has two main objectives, first is to have interoperability amongst heterogeneous simulations like real/non-real -time, event-driven, and live instrumented activities. And second objective is to reuse already developed simulations and their components.

Historically, HLA was designed for military purpose and it was used in a closed system but the usage of HLA is no more limited. In HLA, a federation is a composition of software modules knowns as federates.

\subsection{Constant Learning Rate(s)} \label{CLRSec}

To capture the topological deformation resulting from small neighborhoods, we experiment with locally interacting SOMs. Specifically, a neighborhood is constrained to a unit's immediate neighbors on graph $G$, see equation \eqref{LRAdj}, and learning rate is kept to user-defined constant $l_\zeta$. We refer to this SOM variant as Nearest Neighbors SOM (NNSOM).

	\begin{align}\label{LRAdj}
	r_{{j}} \big(i \big) &=
	\begin{cases}
	l_\zeta  e^{-D_{j,b_i}}  & \text{ if $D_{j,b_i} \leq 1$}  \\
	0 & \text{ otherwise}
	\end{cases}
	\end{align}

We apply multiple individual NNSOMs over a dataset where points are uniformly scattered at random within a square. To illustrate the effect of the map size on the algorithm performance, we use two map sizes (400, 900).
The maps are trained for $3k$ iterations where each iteration consists of $n \cdot 10$ samples as defined in section \ref{:GeneralImp}.
The learning rate is constant in time, and takes 10 geometrically spaced values in $(0,1]$.
Constant learning rate is typically not used in SOM since there is no guarantee of  convergence \cite{LRMapConvergence} without temporally decaying learning rate. However, fixing the learning rate to a constant is particularly instructive when investigating the algorithm's potential in terms of topological preservation \cite{keith1999_empirical}, as it allows isolating the effects of other parameters on the algorithm.

Finally, two initializations are considered: \textit{curated symmetrical} (all unit weights placed at the origin) and \textit{random} (unit weights sprinkled uniformly at random over the dataset domain).
For the sake of brevity, we use the acronyms SIC and RIC to refer to Symmetric Initial Conditions and Random Initial Conditions respectively. Comparing the two cases allows us to quantify the sensitivity of the algorithm with respect to initial conditions.

 Each of the aforementioned configurations was run 20 times with random data points and in the case of RIC also with different initial conditions.

We assess the performance of NNSOM by observing the map alfa error and unit positions at iteration $3k$.
Remarkably, all observed maps fall into few classes of macroscopic behaviors, in spite of the large number of configurations tested in this experiment.
Furthermore, these behaviors are associated with different map alfa errors.

\begin{figure}

	\includegraphics[scale=0.40]{pics/Regimes.png}
	\caption{depicts different steady states of the NNSOM algorithm. The dots represent the map units, positioned in the sample space, after the maps reach a stationary state. Panels A and B depict maps with defective global topology unlike the maps in panel C. However, the map in C2 is of inferior local topological quality to C1. Note that the maps in panel B have twisted defects, while the defects in panel A are more complex.}\label{Regimes}
\end{figure}

\textbf{Robust Topological Defects:} We have identified an ad-hoc typology of macroscopic behaviors of NNSOM. Specifically, we assign each of the maps to one of three qualitatively distinct classes, and propose a name for each class -  as depicted in the three panels of figure \ref{Regimes}. Panels A and B depict the maps with incorrect global topology. Panel C shows the topologically preserved maps albeit with varying levels of noise.
Due to the tangled appearance of the maps in the panels A and B, these configurations are referred to as  \textit{tangles}.
The maps in panel A are twisted and folded onto themselves and therefore dubbed \textit{complex tangles}, while the maps in the panel B are labeled \textit{twist tangles}. Tangles were found to persist for thousand of iterations after their appearance and thus constitute \textit{robust topological defects}.
The map alfa error between tangled and untangled maps was found to differ up to a factor of 20.

The experiment reveals that both initial conditions and sizes have strong effect on the map alfa error as depicted in figure \ref{alfaCLR}.
The typology introduced in figure \ref{Regimes} allows a more intuitive interpretation of the algorithm's performance.

\begin{figure}
	\centering
	\includegraphics[scale=0.40]{pics/CLR_S_R_1_4}
	\caption{illustrates the map alfa error (eq.\eqref{alfamap}) at stationarity (iteration 3000).
		We show results for two map sizes, 10 learning rates, two initial conditions (random and curated). Each resulting combination is run 100 times over a square 2D dataset.
		For curated initial conditions, the values of map alfa error at iteration 3000 are tightly clustered around the same level.
		In contrast, for random initial conditions we observe number of points lying above the aforementioned locus.
		We manually observed that these points correspond to topologically defective maps.
		In the bottom right graph, we outline the identified map defects according to figure \ref{Regimes}.}\label{alfaCLR}
\end{figure}
Specifically:

\begin{enumerate}
	\item
	For SIC, the values of $A_{3000}$ are tightly clustered together for each $l_\zeta$. However, $l_\zeta$ affects the level around which  $A_{3000}$ values are clustered.

	Manually inspecting the unit positions in the sample space reveals that all maps with SIC are untangled, and that the variance of  $A_{3000}$ originates from varying levels of noise in the unit mesh (as shown in the right panel of figure \ref{Regimes}).
	\item
	Using RIC, we obtain a cloud of points in addition to the locus encountered for SIC. This cloud lies above the aforementioned locus. Manual inspection reveals that all the points in the cloud are tangled maps - revealing that the NNSOM is unable to resolve topological deformation of RIC consistently.
	Furthermore, while in SIC lower $l_\zeta$ resulted in better map quality this is not the case in RIC: lowering $l_\zeta$ moves more points in the cloud of failed maps.
	In fact, manual inspection revealed that fold tangles only appeared for sufficiently low $l_\zeta$ values.
	To aid interpretation, the  $A_{3000}$ values that correspond to different map classes have been delineated in the bottom right panel of the figure \ref{alfaCLR} with green solid lines.
	\item
	For SIC, increasing the size of the map from 100 to 400 does not change the resulting locus of  $A_{3000}$ points, and thus does not have significant impact on the topological preservation.
	This is in contrast with RIC, where the larger map size not only increased the number of tangled maps, but also resulted in tangled maps even in the case of $l_\zeta=1$.
\end{enumerate}
In summary, while the NNSOM performs adequately well over a uniform square dataset for SIC, it may fail to resolve the topological frustration for RIC.
This shortcoming is exacerbated for increasing system size, and persists for any learning rate - and even after many iterations.
Applications of SOM generally involve more challenging problems than RIC over uniform square data, and therefore the NNSOM will not be applicable in such cases.
However, having identified the origin of NNSOMs shortcomings (formation of tangles), we will now consider a treatment.

\subsection{Feedback based Nearest Neighbors SOM} \label{fnnsomexp}

 Topological deformation results when a unit's neighbors are farther away than its non-neighbors. This issue can be observed in the center of symmetry of the twisted tangles maps (see figure \ref{Regimes}). At first glance, to resolve this problem one might think to increase the attraction between BMU and its neighbors. However, this approach will not work for symmetry reasons. Inspecting the tangled maps from experiment 1, in figure 2, reveals that they all share a common attribute of having non-uniform errors values across their units.

Therefore, we propose a feedback mechanism that only allows for maps with a uniform level of quality to remain stationary. We achieve this by coupling the neighborhood attraction of a BMU to its quantization and alfa errors. By doing so, defective segments of the map increase their attraction, resulting in the flow of units towards them to prevent stationarity. Defining what constitute a defective segment requires meaningful aggregation of different errors (quantization, alfa). We refer to this SOM variant as Feedback NNSOM (FNNSOM).

This feedback mechanism can be implemented by a function which increases the neighborhood attraction of units which suffer either from high quantization or alpha error. This requires that the  learning rate is a strictly increasing function of alfa and quantization error. Defining such a function requires aggregating map alfa and quantization errors. However, this is problematic since alfa error is bounded between 0 and 1, while quantization error depends on the data and is unbounded. Therefore, to compare the two errors rates, quantization error needs to be mapped to the same interval. The requirements described above are satisfied by the following equations:

\begin{subequations}

\begin{gather}
f_j\big(i \big)=1 - \exp \left( - \frac {c_q  \bar q_{b_i}(i) } { \bar q_j(i)} \right)  \label{qfeedback} \\
F_j\big(i \big) =     \bar{\alpha}_{b_i}(i)+f_j(i)- \bar{\alpha}_{b_i}f_j(i) \label{feedbackfnc}
\end{gather}
\begin{align} \label{feq}
r_{{j}} \big(i \big) &=
\begin{cases}
\sigma & \text{ if $j$ is $b_i$}  \\
F_j \big(i \big) & \text{ if j is a neighbor of $b_i$}   \\
0 & \text{ otherwise}  \\
\end{cases}
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
\begin{gather}
\sigma \text{ is a user defined constant for the BMU learning rate }\notag\\
c_q  \text{ is a user-configured parameter that tunes contribution}\notag\\ \text{of quatization error at the unit's learning rate} \notag
\end{gather}
Equation \eqref{qfeedback} is a strictly increasing function of the quantization error of the BMU bounded between 0 and 1. We normalize the BMU quantization error by expressing it as a fraction of the quantization error of the unit $j$. The sensitivity of the function to the normalized quantization error is controlled by the user defined parameter $c_q$. Equation \eqref{feedbackfnc} is a strictly increasing function of both alfa and quantization errors \footnote{please note that the quantization error dependence is through $f_j(i)$} of the BMU. Additionally, equation \eqref{feedbackfnc} is bounded between 0 and 1 so that it can act as a learning rate, and either error can independently result in a maximum value of 1. Equation \eqref{feq} states 3 cases for the learning rate: a user-defined constant $\sigma$ for the BMU, feedback determined for its neighbors, and 0 otherwise. For this work, $\sigma$ is set to $0.01$, however, other parameterizations are not ruled out.
	\begin{figure*}
		\centering
		 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,scale=0.4]{pics/FNNSOM_1.png}
		\caption{illustrates the map alfa error at iteration 3000 of FNNSOM. We consider four datasets (Square, Clusters 2D, Spherical shell and Dispersion 3D) with random initial conditions, over a range of 19 $c_q$ values (see eq. \eqref{qfeedback}), for increasing map sizes from top to bottom (100, 400, 900). Each combination is run 100 times. Note that only dataset with inconsistent map alfa error is Clusters 2D. }\label{FNNSOM_1}
	\end{figure*}

The efficacy of the suggested algorithm (FNNSOM) is assessed empirically over synthetic datasets. We picked four diverse datasets, see table \ref{datasets}, to investigate whether FNNSOM suffers from robust topological defects. We are also interested in how the algorithm performs with increasing system size. We consider three individual maps sizes $(100, 400, $ $ 900)$ where the $c_q$ parameter is sampled geometrically at $19$ points between $0$ and $1$.

Each combination of the parameters above is simulated $100$ times, for $3000$ iterations, and with random initial conditions (RIC).
Observing the values of $A_{3000}$ reveals that the performance of FNNSOM strongly depends on the dataset, as illustrated in figure \ref{FNNSOM_1} . Specifically:
\begin{enumerate}
	\item
	For all datasets, except Clusters 2D, the values of $A_{3000}$ are all clustered around the same level, with very few exceptions residing in the cloud of tangled maps.
	Manual inspection of the trained maps reveals that they all have a correct global topology.
	The lowest value of $A_{3000}$ is encountered for $c_q$ approximately around $0.15$, as indicated in figure \ref{FNNSOM_1}.
	We therefore conclude that for the considered datasets, and for a band of $c_q$ values, the FNNSOM is highly resistant to tangling, and a significant improvement over the NNSOM
		\item
	The Clusters 2D dataset is an exception to the previous point. Specifically, we observed that $A_{3000}$ values are not tightly clustered, instead they are dispersed across multiple levels. On manual inspection, we found that higher $A_{3000}$ values indeed correspond to the topologically deformed maps. This behavior exacerbated with increasing system size, as seen in the figure \ref{FNNSOM_1} where more points can be found at higher $A_{3000}$ as system size increases.
	\item
	Increasing map size has a detrimental effect in all data sets but the Square and Spherical shell datasets. As figure \ref{FNNSOM_1} shows that for Square and Spherical shell, increasing system size decreases $A_{3000}$ for all $c_q$ values. The opposite is seen for the remaining datasets.
\end{enumerate}
	\begin{table}
		\begin{tabular}{ll}
			Square          & $s_i$ sampled at random from $[0,1]^2$                                                                                \\
			Clusters 2D     & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}$s_i$ sampled at random from five identical\\ 2D normal  multivariate distributions at \\ $(0,0),~(0,5),~(5,0),~(5,5),~(2.5, 2.5)$\end{tabular} \\
			Spherical Shell & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}$s_i$ sampled uniformly at random on the\\ surface of a  sphere\end{tabular}                                                                    \\
			Dispersion      & \begin{tabular}[c]{@{}l@{}}$s_i$ sampled from a 3D normal, multinomial\\ distribution\end{tabular}
		\end{tabular}
		\caption{Description of the datasets used to assess FNNSOM in sec. \ref{fnnsomexp} }\label{datasets}
	\end{table}
In conclusion, the suggested feedback parameterization is very effective in treating tangles in all considered datasets except Clusters 2D. The performance of FNNSOM was observed to be optimal over a range of values of $c_q$, which from a practical standpoint means that the algorithm does not require precise tuning. Additionally, the effect of increasing system size on the eventual $A_{3000}$ is either detrimental or positive - depending on the dataset type.

	The inability of FNNSOM to consistently resolve Clusters 2D can be intuitively understood with a simple thought experiment. Consider 2 clusters of data, separated by a large gap in which no sample ever arrives. The map units will split between the two data clusters, and thus some units will be inevitably placed over the gap.	These units residing over the gap will not be receiving samples, and will therefore never attract their neighbors. Consequently, these units are unable to relay any attraction across the two unit populations residing in each data cluster.
	Therefore, these two unit populations are effectively acting independently and thus unable to collaborate to resolve global topological deformation.

Thus, the FNNSOM seem to be particularly well suited for datasets over 2D manifolds.
In fact, the performance of FNNSOM over such datasets scales along with system size.

\section{Introduction}\label{:introduction}

\input{./Introduction.tex}

\section{Background}\label{:GeneralImp}
\input{./Background.tex}

\section{Locally Interacting SOMs}

In classical SOM, the neighborhood attraction decreases with respect to time which effectively reduces the neighborhood size. The initial large (entire map - global) neighborhood size ensures global ordering whereas the eventual smaller (local) neighborhood size at the end of training phase ensures local order and stability of the map.

Reducing the neighborhood size to local for the entire training process will reduce computational complexity, but it is known to compromise global topological preservation as observed in \cite{kohonen2013_essentials, keith1999_empirical}.

\input{./CLRMapAdj.tex}

\input{./FeedbackMapAdj.tex}

\section{Applicability Analysis}\label{:scenario}
\input{./Scenario.tex}

\section{Discussion}\label{:discussion}
\input{./Discussion.tex}

\section*{Acknowledgment}

The research published here was conducted at the Future Resilient Systems at the Singapore-ETH Centre (SEC). The SEC was established as a collaboration between ETH Zurich and National Research Foundation (NRF) Singapore (FI 370074011) under the auspices of the NRF's Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) programme.

\bibliographystyle{elsarticle-harv}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Sedative and analgesic practice in the intensive care unit: the results of a European survey
C. Mélot, H. M. Soliman, J.‐L. Vincent
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA SCI(E) SCOPUS
Volume 119, Issue suppl_1
Volume 117, Issue suppl 3
Volume 107 Suppl 1, Issue 1
Volume 82 Suppl 1
Volume 69, Issue 7 Suppl 1
Volume 60, Issue suppl_1
Volume 47 suppl
Oxford University Press in 2001
Oxford MEDLINE®/PubMed® British Library Crossref
10.1093/bja/87.2.186
서울대학교 서강대학교 상명대학교(서울) settings
Medicine > Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine , Medicine > Health
Keywords: analgesia; sedation; intensive care, Analgesia, methods, Analgesics, Opioid, administration & dosage, Computer Communication Networks, Conscious Sedation, Critical Care, Europe, Health Care Surveys, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Midazolam, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Propofol, Surveys and Questionnaires
Sedation and analgesia are important aspects of patient care on the intensive care unit (ICU), yet relatively little information is available on common sedative and analgesic practice. We sought to assess international differences in the prescription of sedative and analgesic drugs in western European ICUs by means of a short, self‐administered questionnaire. Six hundred and forty‐seven intensive care physicians from 16 western European countries replied to the questionnaire. Midazolam was used as a sedative often or always by 63% of respondents and propofol by 35%. There were considerable international variations, with midazolam being preferred over propofol in France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway and Austria. For analgesia, the drugs most commonly used were morphine (33%), fentanyl (33%) and sufentanil (24%). Morphine was preferred over fentanyl and sufentanil in Norway, UK and Ireland, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Spain and Portugal. Fentanyl was preferred in France, Germany and Italy. Sufentanil was preferred in Belgium and Luxemburg and in Austria. Multivariate analysis showed that the combination of midazolam with fentanyl was most often used in France; propofol with morphine in Sweden, the UK and Ireland, and Switzerland; midazolam with morphine in Norway; and propofol with sufentanil in Belgium and Luxemburg, Germany and Italy. The use of a sedation scale varied from 72% in the UK and Ireland to 18% in Austria. When used, the most common sedation scale was the Ramsay scale. This study demonstrates substantial international differences in sedative and analgesic practices in western European ICUs. Br J Anaesth 2001; 87: 186–92
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
ANESTHESIOLOGY American Society of Anesthesiologists.
ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA International Anesthesia Research Society.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA Elsevier
Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Wiley
Intensive Care Medicine European Society of Intensive Care Medicine
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management Elsevier
Journal of Pain American Pain Society.
European Journal of Pain European Pain Federation EFIC
PAEDIATRIC ANAESTHESIA Wiley
Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Elsevier
European Journal of Anaesthesiology European Academy of Anaesthesiology.
Pain Medicine American Academy of Pain Medicine.
Journal of Clinical Anesthesia Elsevier
Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Australian Society of Anaesthetists.
Der Anaesthesist Springer
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology European Academy of Anaesthesiology.
Annales Françaises d'Anesthsie et de Rèanimation Elsevier
Pain Physician American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians
Minerva Anestesiologica Elsevier
Journal of Anesthesia Springer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Crusoe may refer to:

Art, entertainment, and media
 Crusoe (film), a 1989 film by Caleb Deschanel based on the novel Robinson Crusoe
 Crusoe (TV series), a 2008 television series based on the novel Robinson Crusoe
 Crusoe the Dachshund, internet celebrity
 Crusoe, a creature featured in the 2007 film The Water Horse: Legend of the Deep

People
 Celina Crusoe (born 1974), Argentine volleyball player
 Lewis Crusoe, automobile executive
 Crusoe Kuningbal (1922–1984), Aboriginal Australian artist
 Crusoe Kurddal (born 1960/1961), Aboriginal Australian artist

Other
 Transmeta Crusoe, a computer processor family by Transmeta Corporation

See also
 Robinson Crusoe (disambiguation)
 Cruso (disambiguation)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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Students are responsible for meeting the cost of essential textbooks, and of producing such essays, assignments, laboratory reports and dissertations as are required to fulfil the academic requirements for each programme of study.
There will also be further costs for the following, not purchasable from the University:
Equipment Approved calculators: Candidates may use calculators in the examination room only as specified by the University and as permitted by the rubric of individual examination papers. The University approved models are Casio FX-570 and Casio FX-85GT Plus. These may be purchased from any source and no longer need to carry the University logo.
Stationery You will be expected to provide your own day-to-day stationery items, e.g. pens, pencils, notebooks, etc). Any specialist stationery items will be specified under the Additional Costs tab of the relevant module profile.
Books Where a module specifies core texts these should generally be available on the reserve list in the library. However due to demand, students may prefer to buy their own copies. These can be purchased from any source. Some modules suggest reading texts as optional background reading. The library may hold copies of such texts, or alternatively you may wish to purchase your own copies. Although not essential reading, you may benefit from the additional reading materials for the module.
Printing and copying In most cases, written coursework such as essays, projects and dissertations is submitted online and by hard copy. The costs of printing a hard copy for submission of such coursework will be the responsibility of the student. The cost of photocopying will also be the responsibility of the student. https://www.southampton.ac.uk/isolutions/students/printing
Other Some modules may include optional visits. You will normally be expected to cover the cost of travel and admission, unless otherwise specified in the module profile.
In some cases you'll be able to choose modules (which may have different costs associated with that module) which will change the overall cost of a programme to you. Please also ensure you read the section on additional costs in the University's Fees, Charges and Expenses Regulations in the University Calendar available at www.calendar.soton.ac.uk.
The Law School's dedicated careers and employability coordinator runs an extensive programme of events and activities designed to boost your career prospects. These include:
an annual law careers fair attended by around 50 law firms, including the 'magic circle' of five top law firms.
a one-week Employability Skills Programme to help you develop key transferable skills, which includes practitioner-led events.
presentations and workshops led by prestigious law firms including a writing skills clinic led by a former partner of a magic circle firm.
visits to law firms, local courts, social security and employment tribunals.
talks about postgraduate opportunities for those considering further studies.
You will graduate from a highly regarded school with an in-depth knowledge of the law and the ability to think independently and communicate effectively – a firm foundation for a career in law as a solicitor or barrister. You will also be well placed for success in the world of industry, banking, government, the media or politics. Our graduates work in law firms, barristers' chambers, industry, and in governmental and non-governmental organisations worldwide.
You will learn through a combination of lectures, small-group seminars and tutorials, and through independent study. Our inspiring academics use a range of teaching methods to enhance your learning experience, for example, highly interactive lectures that incorporate digital voting tools and social media.
Group exercises, problem-solving tasks and case studies are also used; these exercises help to embed your knowledge and to apply it to real-world scenarios and current topics.
Modules are assessed through exams and/or written assignments. Your dissertation also contributes to your final degree classification. Your tutors will give feedback on your progress throughout the course, and formative assessments will help you identify areas for improvement.
You will have access to excellent learning facilities to support your studies. These include:
superb library resources including comprehensive collections in all the main subject areas such as contract law, property law, maritime law, criminal justice and public law as well as European and international resources, all housed in the main University library.
extensive electronic resources such as Westlaw, Lexis and Lawtel, which ensure that you can access the teaching resources wherever you are.
a purpose-built moot room in which you can practise your debating skills.
When you begin your course at Southampton Law School, you will become a member of a friendly, dynamic learning community engaged in a common endeavour, to give you the best possible legal education. We are a relatively small law school which means we can offer a high level of support to ensure you achieve your personal and academic ambitions.
Every student is allocated a personal academic tutor who can advise on course-related matters or direct you to one of the University's many support services.
In addition, we operate the Peer Assisted Study Support (PASS) scheme whereby second-year students act as mentors for new students, offering advice and guidance on the social and academic aspects of university life at Southampton.
Breakdown of study time and assessment
Proportion of time spent in scheduled learning, teaching and independent study
Learning, teaching and assessment stage
Scheduled learning & teaching study
Placement study
Proportion of assessment by method
Written exam assessment
Practical exam assessment
Coursework assessment
Southampton Law School, Highfield Campus
Situated on the Highfield Campus; occupying building 4, Southampton La...Find out more
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This is mainly for mobile viewing moving to and from landscape view.
Just wondering if you had any thoughts on this.
Hi Phillip, this does happen when you are using our SecuritySpy iOS app - it will automatically adjust playback to portrait or landscape view. Is this what you are referring to, or are you using a different method to view video?


For more than 20 years, the Houston Food Bank has been distributing millions of pounds of food annually to those in need. Efficiency counts for more than glitz, and the bank doesn't stop with just handling food donations; chefs and nutritionists give their time to help kids and indigent families learn about healthy meals and snacks. Covering an 18-county territory and providing help to organizations that assist abused women and kids, the elderly and the forgotten, the Houston Food Bank has quietly and consistently been a glowing part of the Houston charitable community.


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Johnson County Public Library - Indiana
Young Lakota
A Native American Leader Fights for Reproductive Rights
In this award-winning documentary, Cecilia Fire Thunder- the first female President of the Oglala Sioux tribe, defies a proposed South Dakota law criminalizing all abortions, with no exceptions for rape or incest, by...
In this award-winning documentary, Cecilia Fire Thunder- the first female President of the Oglala Sioux tribe, defies a proposed South Dakota law criminalizing all abortions, with no exceptions for rape or incest, by threatening to build a women's clinic on the sovereign territory of the reservation. She ignites a political firestorm that sets off a chain reaction in the lives of three young Lakotas on the Pine Ridge Reservation, forcing each of them to make choices that define who they are and the kind of adults they will become.
Selected Festivals: ImagineNative, Red Nation, Smithsonian Native American, New Orleans, Cucalorus, Indigenous Showcase.
""A rare glimpse into Pine Ridge that celebrates the resistance and complexity of the Oglala Lakota who live there."" The Nation
"An intimate look at life "on the Rez," [and] a microcosm of the country's culture wars and the struggle for women's rights... a charismatic Native American woman fighting for her political survival." Sundance Now
Audience Award Winner at the SXSW Film Festival, Winner of Best Documentary at the ImagineNative Film + Media Arts Festival. Winner of Best Cinematography at the Sundance Film Festival.
"Young Lakota gives an insight into rez life that few others have successfully done, and with a clear voice that speaks, often painfully, of the truth and humanity that is often left on the cutting floor." - Anne White Hat, First Peoples Fund
Heather Rae, Marion Lipschutz, Rose Rosenblatt
Brandon Ferguson, Cecilia Fire Thunder, Serena Clifford, Sunny Clifford
Cine Qua Non


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2. Squealing: If you hear a screeching sound when you brake, that's another sign that your brake pads are getting worn out. Get the pads checked and replaced if you hear this noise regularly, but if you only hear the noise a few times and then it stops, it could be from sitting in rainwater for too long. That's normal!
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Welcome to my Open Water Swimming section. Here I provide a simple yet encouraging service that invites you to take a dive with me. I am so lucky to have somewhere like Seapoint on my doorstep and I never intend to take that for granted. It is the perfect training ground for my triathlon and swimming events and if you are interested in joining, then please contact me. Weather/tides permitting, we can get some work done.
There is nothing more refreshing or satisfying - in my opinion - than swimming in the ocean. Learn how to get comfortable with it by training with me. Above are just a handful of my events from around the country in open water.
While this video is from last summer, I thought I'd add it to give you an idea what it feels like in the water. Lough Dan is a great place to go swimming and on this day in particular, it was glorious. If you were a fan of Vikings the TV show, yes they are the ships used on set in the background. I trimmed this video slightly but we covered two loops of a 750m swim that I would race (and win) just two weeks later. Enjoy.
Like what you see? You should, it's pure bliss and will leave you feeling alive.
Contact me if you'd like to experience it.


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Scientists Are Perfecting the LED Lighting For Our Future Space Gardens
Maddie Stone
Gardens may be an unruly mess on Earth, but in space, we'll need our vegetable patches to run like well-oiled machines. That's why researchers at Purdue University are working out the scientifically perfect cocktail of LED light to grow bumper crops in total confinement.
"Everything on Earth is ultimately driven by sunlight and photosynthesis," said Cary Mitchell, a professor of horticulture at Purdue University in a statement. "The question is how we can replicate that in space. If you have to generate your own light with limited energy resources, targeted LED lighting is your best option."
It's long been known that light emitting diodes (LEDs) use far less electrical power per growing area than conventional high-pressure sodium lamps. But if we could figure out exactly what proportions of the visible spectrum plants are happiest guzzling down, we could in theory reduce our space garden power consumption even further. For lettuce, at least, the magic elixir seems to be a 95-to-5 ratio of red and blue LEDs placed close over the canopy. That's according to a new scientific study led by Mitchell, which finds that this particular cocktail of light achieves the same growth yields using 50 percent less energy than full coverage LEDs, and a full 90 percent less power than traditional lights.
As the conversation about sending humans to live on Mars takes a more serious tone, so does the need to perfect techniques for growing plants off-Earth. If we're ever to set up a self-sustaining colony on the Red Planet, or send astronauts further afield on a deep space mission, we'll need space gardens, not only to feed our settlers, but to create self-contained ecosystems that recycle carbon dioxide, oxygen and water. NASA has recognized this need and identified 'bioregenerative food systems' as a research priority in a recent draft technology roadmap.
But life in space is going to be nothing like life on Earth. Out there, resources we take for granted, such as sunlight and air, will become incredibly precious and limited. One of the big challenges facing would-be space farmers, for instance, is the staggering energy cost of the 600- to 1,000-watt lamps traditionally used to mimic sunlight and stimulate plant growth in closed environments. Conventional lighting also creates excess heat, which can dehydrate or scorch plants if growers aren't careful.
"Lighting was taking about 90 percent of the energy demand," study co-author Lucie Poulet said. "You'd need a nuclear reactor to feed a crew of four people on a regular basis with plants grown under traditional electric lights."
As weed growers and future space farmers alike are discovering, we can do a lot better with LEDs, which can be programmed to only emit the choicest parts of the visible spectrum. Plants throw away a large portion of the sun's energy, preferring for evolutionary reasons to use red and blue light above all other colors. After some tinkering in the lab, the researchers discovered that feeding lettuce a red-heavy diet with a dash of blue led to the highest yields, while slashing energy consumption by a factor of ten.
There's plenty more work to be done—Mitchell's group, for instance, is now focusing on fine-tuning when to increase and decrease lighting throughout a plant's life cycle. Once we get this process optimized for leafy greens, scientists will move on to more light-demanding plants, such as tomatoes and corn. Others are taking a broader perspective, prototyping bioregenerative systems in which plants recycle water, nutrients, and atmosphere.
It may be shrink-wrapped meals on the cosmic menu for now, but by the time you're taking a Virgin Galactic cruise to Europa, ordering a fresh salad might not sound so crazy.
You can read the full scientific paper at Life in Space Sciences Research.
Follow Maddie on Twitter or contact her at maddie.stone@gizmodo.com
Top Image: Space gardens in the movie Sunshine, via Tumblr
CSX321
Never thought about it before, but I guess that makes sense that plants mostly use red and blue light, since they reflect green.


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Lowell I Killed Sarah V Interview
Lowell is like dynamite: ferocious, unrelenting and determined. This shines through in the Canadian singer's first single 'Cloud 69' lifted from her forthcoming debut EP I Killed Sara V.
Literally and figurately, Lowell is a wolf. Her very name stems from the French origin of the word, but her approach to music, creating, and the way she's embraced both are a testament to both she and her namesake: fearless, determined and natural pack leader.
Interview with Lowell
Question: How would you describe I Killed Sarah V?
Lowell: A little bit of pop, a little bit of jazz.
Question: What are you looking forward to about your upcoming festival performances?
Lowell: Tacos.
Lowell: I do. My songs are usually autobiographical. I'm not really sure what my inspiration is. I guess it's just frustration with people that really gets me going. Melodies usually just come to me in dreams.
Lowell: Braids, Chad VanGaalen, Blue Hawaii, Beyonce, Fucked Up, P.S. I love you, Danny Brown (any rap that is not crap).
Lowell: I'm looking to get on a tour for sure. Album will be coming out later in the summer. Single will definitely come out before the album and The Bells video!
Lowell: All the time. I've had a struggle. I get sick of having to be a certain way because of the sexist fatties in the industry. I'm sick of having to prove myself to men who are not as talented or smart as me. Still, I'm not a quitter, so I just keep trudging through and doing my thang.
Lowell: I love spending time in the studio. I'm a bit of a studio rat.
Lowell: I had some encouragement at an early age doing open mics around town, and responded quickly to that. When people tell you that you're good at things, it makes you want to do them more.
Lowell: Wake up, coffee, write music. Make things. Get mad, get happy, get bored, and get busy, party, dj. Pizza, bed.
Lowell: Getting to make music a lot.
Lowell: I would kill to collaborate with Kanye West. I would love to get in that guy's head.
60 Second Quiz
Full Name: Alabama Whitman
Nickname(s): Wit
Star Sign: Beaver
Favourite Food: Hot Sauce
Favourite Film: Nakedness Tonight
Favourite Actor: Bill Murray
Pet: Invisible cat
Person You Would Most Like to Meet: Jon Stewart
First Job: Strippin'
Are you a Pub, Bar or Club kind: Yeeehaw.
What Can You Never Leave Home Without: A home
What is the first thing you think of when you wake up in the morning: Donnie Darko.


North Texas State Teachers College. [Commencement Calendar for North Texas State Teachers College, Spring 1945], pamphlet, Spring 1945; Denton, Texas. (https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc174848/: accessed April 22, 2019), University of North Texas Libraries, Digital Library, https://digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Special Collections.
This pamphlet has been made publicly available for use in research, teaching, and private study by UNT Libraries Special Collections in partnership with UNT Digital Library, a digital repository hosted by the University of North Texas Libraries.


What a feat of architecture and design: the new Francis Crick Institute on Brill Place right next to (West of) St. Pancras Station in London. Apparently the ground floor was built first and then extended up and down simultaneously; I didn't know that was possible. If you decide to watch the video, I recommend turning off the sound and ignoring the spectres and shadows of people.
Last week we were induced/introduced/inducted to the life of being PhD students. The CEO of the Crick, Paul Nurse, who happens to have won a Nobel Prize, talked to us about how we shouldn't work too much, try to step out of our projects from time to time to gain an overview, and remember that it is a privilege and not an entitlement to be doing a PhD at the Crick. He also said that leaving academia after this four-year PhD should not be regarded as a failure and that we would receive support in doing other things. I'm a bit sceptical because he also heavily implied that we were not to disappoint the institute, but we'll see.
In between the serious talks there were plenty of opportunities to get to know – or schmooze with, as one of the students put it – the other students over coffee/tea/beer/wine/pizza/sandwiches. During the first icebreaker session we introduced ourselves and had to provide a memorable fact: they ranged from having started a cupcake business, to being fond of planes, teaching children the piano, appearing in a television series as a child and even being Austrian (!).
We also had a lecture on scientific integrity and ethics (in research). The take-home message was, as always, to be honest. We were shown how not to manipulate or massage data. Luckily, we will be given training in Photoshop and Illustrator so that we can handle our images correctly.
Two half-days were spent listening to the leaders of the so-called Science & Technology Platforms (STPs). These are specialised labs that usually do not have their own projects, but rather lend their equipment and expertise to the other research groups in the institute to enable them to perform experiments they would not be able to do on their own. The STPs include, among others, advanced microscopy facilities (both light and electron microscopy), flow cytometry (to analyse cells at the single-cell level and even sort them), bioinformatics and statistics, DNA/RNA sequencing and peptide chemistry/synthesis. However, the one I was most surprised by was the "scientific instrument prototyping" group – they basically create new scientific machines that no company has made before. They probably conform to the crazy inventor stereotype the most. Overall, the services offered by the STPs seem absolutely incredible and hopefully many of us will actually get to work with them.
After a week of what I thought would be a relaxed introduction to the next four years I am asking myself the question how I used to be able to sit through and concentrate during lectures?! It's really not that long ago. And also, how have I never really reflected upon the fact that most speakers/lecturers are white middle-aged men? With the exception of the administration team, the communications/engagement team, the scientists in charge of the animal facilities and the professor who gave the talk on ethics, all of the speakers were men. Bear in mind that in our year women make up almost 70% of all students.
Productive stupidity means being ignorant by choice. Focusing on important questions puts us in the awkward position of being ignorant. One of the beautiful things about science is that it allows us to bumble along, getting it wrong time after time, and feel perfectly fine as long as we learn something each time. No doubt, this can be difficult for students who are accustomed to getting the answers right. […] The more comfortable we become with being stupid, the deeper we will wade into the unknown and the more likely we are to make big discoveries.
Medawar PB (1979) Advice to a Young Scientist. Basic Books, New York.
This entry was posted in Opinion, PhD and tagged Crick, Freshers week, Induction week, London, Paul Nurse, Peter Medawar, PhD by Victoria Wang. Bookmark the permalink.
Best of luck Victoria! It sounds like they are trying to induce you as fully as possible!
I'm looking forward to exchanging tails of being productively stupid (and an innumerate amount of mistakes) in the not so distant future!
You've discovered why the Athena Swan agenda is becoming so important (being lectured by ranks of white middle aged men with barely a woman in sight….). I'd appreciate it if you touched base with me by return of e-mail about how *you* would tackle this issue.
Best of luck in the PhD – you'll have a corker of a time, I can see. Drop by and say hi next time you're back in Cambridge.
a) I don't think the supply of female scientists, at least in biology, is lacking.
b) So put a quota system into place for post-doc and tenure track positions, so that the hiring reflects the applications (e.g. a department hires 20 post-docs in a year and 60% of applicants are women then there should be 12 female post-docs and vice versa).
c) Make men take paternity leave so that it ceases being a consideration when hiring new people.
d) Encourage both junior and senior female lab members to represent their lab more often at conferences or by giving lectures. This means earning experience and CV points.


This week we celebrated HealthXL's fourth anniversary with our member community in London at our Global Gathering in partnership with Imperial College Health Partners and Silicon Valley Bank (SVB). The event has a rich history of bringing together industry leaders who are revolutionizing modern heath, including world class health system representatives, clinicians, investors, pharma executives and start-ups, and this gathering was no exception.
The event's kick off session on chatbots featured practicing NHS clinicians, futurists and innovators leading the charge in building products to address the need for smart triaging and decision support. There was unanimous agreement that while there is great opportunity to reduce unnecessary readmissions through supportive roles and even the eventual takeover of entire pathways, the industry needs to be patient and not expect the finished product to appear overnight.
Chatbots offer the chance to deliver on the empowerment and democratization that we have been promised by digital health – allowing easy access to health information and clinical decision support to empower individuals. Evidence is difficult to pin down in the chatbots space, but the panel stressed the need to rigorously evaluate the honest impact of the offering for it to truly reach scale.
Empathy and a human touch will always be needed – chatbots will not act as an outright substitute for clinical care and human understanding. The panel raised the point that where chatbots can be particularly useful is caring for individuals who are missing out on diagnoses and treatment because of access barriers like stigma. When it comes to sexual and mental health this could be a breakthrough.
The session concluded with participants taking a look into the future of chatbots and AI supported health systems. The panelists agreed that chatbots will be a part of a broader systemic innovation aimed at meeting patients where they are, supporting intersystems management and relieving unnecessary burden from primary care services.
Professor Darzi is a leading voice in the field of global health policy and innovation, most recently holding the Paul Hamlyn Chair of Surgery at Imperial College London, the Royal Marsden Hospital and the Institute of Cancer Research. He is also the Director of the Institute of Global Health Innovation at Imperial College London and Chair of Imperial College Health Partners.
This session reflected a running theme across the gathering – the need to look beyond traditional borders for new insights and ideas. Frugal innovation according to Dr. Ara Darzi is necessary if we are going to reform the healthcare system. Looking to environments that have been forced to innovate across the globe, particularly in low and middle income contexts, gives us a firm reminder on the root of innovation – necessity.
During the conversation Dr. Darzi spoke about the difficulties he has faced in driving adoption around robotic innovations for laparoscopic surgery, citing the challenge as similar to trying to "teach old dogs news tricks." While he recognized that any new technologies may face initial skepticism, he warned about letting a lack of understanding get in the way of innovation, stating "you can question the validity of the technological innovations we have in healthcare now, but that shouldn't stop us from innovating." He also emphasized the critical role education can plan in the innovation process. He highlighted the importance of clearly and consistently communicating back the value of innovations and new models of care to the clinical community, and to the public, even if there is a risk of failure.
Returning to the topic of frugal innovation (the art of doing more with less), the elephant in the room –the economics of innovation – remained center stage. Dr. Darzi addressed the issue stating that not all initiatives require finding new funding pathways and new capital, but existing money needs to utilized more efficiently. For example, leveraging existing resources and assets that are widely available to drive change, borrow proven technologies in one sector and adapt them to make new products in healthcare. In this instance, reinventing the wheel is a fruitless exercise.
Deep Learning Discussion How are we learning from health data of various forms to inform better drug discovery, medication management and treatment at every stage of a disease?
The Global Gathering's Deep Learning and Precision Medicine sessions both mapped the potential across the continuum of human health and disease from personalising wellness plans and health approaches based on one's genetic ethnic insights and on the other end of the spectrum how drugs are being discovered and repurposed with time on our side through deep learning capabilities.
The discussion around Deep Learning addressed the large scale collection of genetic data across populations in Asia and England and the great potential it holds for disease prediction and early intervention, with new drug developments catering to rare conditions or offering more targeted therapy for existing conditions, the conversation also addressed its potential for understanding correlations between human populations. Genomics Medicine England and Genome Asia 100k are both collecting hundreds of thousands of data points to enable initiatives exactly like these.
The Deep Learning panel outlined the use cases of deep learning, which served as a perfect continuation to the earlier discussion on large datasets to enable personalized medicine. Without shyness or hesitation, the group voiced concerns (or lack thereof) around data sharing, and professed their love for the UK (NHS) as a hub for innovation in this space.


The methodology or process of connecting in the modern era has changed dramatically, causing Dating Challenges, but the bottom line is you still are meeting face to face in the end. Relationships can be virtual in some cases. Real people want real life interaction, for a few hours, day, week, month or a lifetime.
Does the other person like the way I look?
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A person looking for a dating experience, you can eliminate most of your concerns in advance, so now you can go out and experience the date and engage in beneficial conversation and participation. Bottom line is your dating experience is all about the date. So with many apps and websites asking for way to much information and match making, now there is a platform that focuses on the actual date and leaving all the 100 qualifying questions for you to ask on the date or just ignore. You see dating can be fun and interesting again!
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Dave's stage rage - and why he needs this Court of Human Wrongs
I don't for a second believe in David Cameron's claims to be angry about human rights law. I laughed when he said he felt 'physically sick' at the prospect of giving votes to prisoners. What absurd, exaggerated language.
His noisy stage rage over the latest decision by the so-called 'Supreme Court', concerning the treatment of sex offenders, is just as incredible.
Apart from anything else, the 'Supreme Court' (which is actually nothing of the sort) is right about this. English law, stretching back to Magna Carta, believes in limited punishment of bad deeds, not the lifetime totalitarian supervision of criminals. As it is, we get no punishment and a lot of bureaucracy and useless 'supervision'.
I have seen nothing in Mr Cameron's bearing, conversation, background or nature to suggest that he cares even slightly about crime and punishment. Bullingdon Club graduates, and people who won't come clean about whether they have used illegal drugs in the past, are pretty relaxed about law and order, as well they might be. For them, the pain and loss of modern Britain are things that happen to somebody else, far, far away.
What's more, we should remember that Mr Cameron is not some powerless red-faced major in a decayed spa town, fizzing with frustrated anger over his fourth brandy and ginger ale.
He is the Prime Minister. He writes the Queen's Speech. He commands the whips, who drive our pathetic, obedient MPs this way and that into the voting lobbies.
If he were 'physically sick' about something, then he could act upon it or resign in the attempt. Actually, as we now know for certain from leaked state documents, the Strasbourg Court of Human Wrongs is a cardboard monster, long used as an excuse by Whitehall and Westminster liberals for implementing policies they secretly desire, but daren't put before the voters. If we defy it, it has no powers to enforce its will.
This is a phoney war. It is a tactic called 'triangulation' perfected for that five-star cynic Bill Clinton by the squalid political fixer Dick Morris – and originally introduced to this country by the Blair machine whose every method has been slavishly copied by Mr Cameron.
What you do is 'define yourself' by attacking things that are unpopular with the voters you wish to woo. It commits you to no course of action, but fools them into continuing to support you. It doesn't work if people are smart enough to see through it.
Warm-hearted people power? Try telling that to Lara Logan
Why did it take so long for us to find out about the brutal and obscene treatment of American TV reporter Lara Logan by men in the Cairo crowd? Why do most of the reports of the event leave out the grim fact that her attackers shouted 'Jew! Jew! Jew!' at her?
The world's media have decided that the removal of Egypt's government is a good thing. This is odd. What is in effect mob rule, with all the horrible dangers involved, is dignified instead as 'people power', which sounds so much nicer. The violent sexual assault on a Western woman, tinged with Judophobia, doesn't fit this picture.
So it leaks out only many days later.
Anyone who has spent time talking to Egyptians (or Arabs in general) knows that a disgraceful and shaming Judophobia is common in that part of the world, even among educated and otherwise civilised people. Only a very few reports of the Cairo revolt showed posters of the deposed President Mubarak defaced with crude Stars of David reminiscent of Nazi graffiti.
I suspect the men involved also regarded Ms Logan's perfectly normal Western dress as improper and sluttish, another aspect of this 'lovely, warm-hearted' crowd that the media preferred not to mention.
I have in the past encountered the rough edge of the Egyptian security state – my photographer colleague Philip Ide was roughly seized and stripped of his equipment, and people who had been talking to me about the Iraq War arrested.
I do not wish to defend it, though I wonder if the new Egyptian regime will abandon the thuggery and torture or use them for its own ends.
But I am suspicious of this eyes-wide-shut admiration of a supposed liberation movement. Whose interests does it serve? If some future WikiLeaks discovers that it was all financed and co-ordinated by Iran (as is quite possible), will we all have to change our views about how wonderful it was?
BBC must free Paxman the Leftie
The fatuous fantasy of BBC 'impartiality' was on display again last week. The Corporation pretended to be cross with Newsnight presenter Jeremy Paxman for writing an opinionated article for (you've guessed it) the Guardian. I believe they confiscated his Gameboy for two whole weeks.
Mr Paxman expressed the bog-standard view of the London Left about the Iraq War (and for once they were right) that the country had been taken to war thanks to lies told by Mr Blair. And he made some rude remarks about the tightness of Mr Blair's trousers.
There is nothing remotely surprising about this. Who can doubt that Mr Paxman has opinions? Who would be surprised to know that they are quite like those of the Guardian?
But we are supposed to pretend that he miraculously forgets these views while working for the BBC, that they never influence his tone, his priorities, his line of questioning or his attitude to his interviewees.
What tripe. I say Free Jeremy Paxman. Let Paxman be Paxman, and let all the other BBC presenters also openly admit that they have views, and tell us what they are.
Because when that happens, we will find that almost every single one of them is on the Left, and the BBC will be compelled to hire some presenters who are not.
A distinguished Tory activist, Stephen Parker, has written to me because he can't get a reply out of any of the Conservative grandees he has contacted. He says the party, which once had more than two million members, is now shrinking alarmingly. It had 258,239 members when David Cameron took over, but is now down to 177,000.
He says: 'Forty per cent of the members who participated in the election of David Cameron are no longer members. Why? Because the voluntary party is treated with contempt.'
Soon after this letter reached me, it was announced that a character called Andrew Cooper is to be Downing Street's new 'strategy chief'. According to Tim Montgomerie, a well-informed Tory and a man of impeccable honesty, Mr Cooper once told him the Tory grassroots were 'vile'. Mr Cooper denies this, as well as having once said the Tories should support euro membership – but then he would, wouldn't he?
Inflation threatens. Youth unemployment rises. Are these temporary problems? Or are they, as I fear, signs of a permanent national decline in which we must all learn to accept the lower standard of living – poorer, harsher and more crowded – that goes with the loss of our old status as a great power and major wealth producer?
The voting system is fine. It is the dead elite parties that sit on top of it, kept alive only by state funding and dodgy billionaires, that need fixing. Vote 'no' to AV.
February 19, 2011 Comments (58) Categories: 'Democracy' , BBC , BBC bias , Bullingdon Picture , Cameron, David , Coalition government , Economics , European Union , History , Judophobia , Liberty , Political party funding , Tories , Useless Tories | Permalink
Condoms, pills...but how about restraint?
What would you think of a circus where the tight-rope walker wore a stout safety harness hitched to the roof-beam? And where there were two, perhaps three, nets stretched beneath him?
It wouldn't be very thrilling. But, more importantly, he would probably fall into the nets quite
a lot. After all, with so many devices to stop him hurting himself, why should he develop the skills and self-discipline to walk all the way across?
And so it is with our country's policy on contraception. It devalues the sex act. This ought to be an immensely private and intimate thing. It should be reserved for people wholly committed to each other and prepared to become parents.
Separated by 'safety' devices from its true purpose, it turns into a casual, often impersonal recreation, rather less serious than tennis – which is at least played according to fairly strict rules.
And by promising that there will always be an escape from pregnancy, the state invites everyone who has the physical equipment to play the sex game as casually as possible. The more precautions the authorities provide, the more unwanted pregnancies there are.
Here's a free condom. If you won't use that, then here's a pill for your girl. If she won't use that, here's another pill, originally developed to protect pedigree bitches from becoming pregnant by mongrels. Just to show how matey and relaxed they are, they'll call it the 'morning-after pill' and you can get it at school by sending a text message.
Can't be bothered with all that palaver?
Well, in that case they're happy to spend taxpayers' money ripping any unborn babies from your womb, in a non-judgmental way. And they'll do that again and again and again for the same person, rather than utter a whisper of disapproval. In fact, they'll turn with savage rage on anyone who does dare to disapprove.
They back all this up with sex education that licenses teachers to groom children for under-age sex, and tells them everything is normal and nothing is wrong. And they'll allow TV advertisements for abortion and contraception.
They'll pretend (without any evidence) that this is to fight against ignorance – though how anyone in this society can be ignorant of sex by now, I cannot imagine. What they really want is to stamp out the last traces of Christian sexual morality which required us to restrain ourselves, the one thing the rock-and-roll generation wouldn't dream of doing.
That is why a policy dishonestly sold to us as an effort
to reduce unwanted pregnancies has delivered a steady increase in unwanted pregnancies.
Our new rulers, the Sixties radicals in all three parties, see the resulting misery, squalor and mass murder of innocents as a price well worth paying for their own sexual liberation.
Their corruption is not just a matter of fiddled expenses, organised lying, national betrayal and surrender to crime. They are rotten to the very bones, and if we do not get rid of them soon, then our country, too, will rot away.
McQueen, the grating escaper
I was pleased to see survivors of the real Great Escape last week booing the silly scenes in
the film of that name, in which an invented American roars around absurdly on a Sixties motorbike.
I too find the Steve McQueen episodes almost unbearable. Escaping from German PoW camps was a specially British form of warfare, ingenious, mischievous and often very humorous – while at the same time immensely brave.
And it was taken seriously by the Germans, as they showed by murdering so many of the escapers.
So many perfectly good movies are needlessly made again. But a motorbike-free version of The Great Escape is badly needed.
Another twist in the riddle of the missing tailcoat
Mystery deepens over the story of the doctored Bullingdon Club picture, which I featured here last autumn.
Some of you may remember the weird, misplaced limbs and items of clothing in this study of gilded youth in David Cameron and George Osborne's drinking fraternity at Oxford.
My view is that someone has been clumsily cut out of it. But who? And why?
One of those in the messed-about picture agreed to talk to me. I will keep his identity secret, in case his tailcoated comrades cut out his tongue and bury him up to his neck on a beach.
Yes, he said, he had a copy of the original picture and I was welcome to come and see it. Why not, old chap, nothing strange about it.
But when I tried to fix an appointment for the viewing, he abruptly changed his mind and
sent me a midnight text message to say: 'Very sorry to mess you around but I think, on reflection, better not to say anything.'
Better for whom?
Try a trip on the night bus, Tanya
On so many fronts, our new masters are trying to stop us saying, or even thinking, things they don't like.
In just one week we have seen three creepy assaults on freedom of speech and thought. The first was aimed at a Hampshire couple who public-spiritedly responded to a consultation on traveller camps, raising reasonable objections in temperate language.
Their reward was to be told by some jack-in-office that their views were 'racist' and would therefore be ignored. Lucky they weren't reported for prosecution – though next time, who knows?
Sadly, they went for help to their Useless Tory MP David Willetts, a man who is by no means hostile to political correctness himself, as they will find if voters are foolish enough to put this fraudulent party in government.
The second was extruded by an all-purpose 'expert' called Tanya Byron, who wears leather jackets and for reasons that escape me (perhaps because she is on TV a lot) is taken seriously on the subject of 'young people'. Professor Tanya this week invented 'ephebiphobia'. This is supposedly an irrational fear of 'young people', who really just want our love and respect.
The idea is that if you suffer from this fear, there is something wrong with you, rather than with modern Britain.
I suspect Prof Tanya doesn't do much late-night travelling on public transport. If she did, she might discover that a fear of the young is not just rational, but wise and sometimes an essential survival aid. But like all her kind she is insulated by money from the horrible world her silly ideas have helped to create.
Finally there was Ed Miliband, the Prince William lookalike and 'Secretary of State for Climate Change', who pronounced: 'The Government needs to be saying, "It is socially unacceptable to be against wind turbines in your area – like not wearing your seatbelt or driving past a zebra crossing."'
Both these actions are not just socially unacceptable. They are illegal. Does Mr Miliband want opponents of stupid, costly, ugly, useless windmills, which could never produce enough timely power, arrested? Probably. The zealots of the man-made global warming movement are a Green Taliban, as intolerant and fanatical as any Kandahar Mullah.
When politicians say they want to 'reform' the Monarchy, you may be sure that what they really intend to do is attack it. If these people tried to reform an allotment they would blight it. Leave the throne alone.
March 28, 2009 Comments (84) | TrackBack (0) Categories: Bullingdon Picture , Cinema , Law and order , Monarchy , Moral Preaching , Sex Education | Permalink
Who doctored the toffs?
I bring you the Mystery of the Missing Toff. Who is doctoring pictures of the Bullingdon Club?
And why?
By a mysterious process, almost all photographs of this unlovely society for rich, young drunkards have now been suppressed, which suits David Cameron very well, since he is in so many of them, looking so very rich and arrogant. I have seen them.
But last week a new study of the lads appeared, featuring George Osborne and his (now former) friend Nat Rothschild.
To the left of the middle, there's a mysterious gap where somebody ought to be standing but isn't. Odder still, there's a patch of shirt-front and waistcoat there, with no person attached.
Odder yet, Mr Rothschild's right trouser leg has a white lapel, not usual even under the bizarre dress code of the Bullingdon.
On close examination, the three seated figures at the front appear to have been stuck in place after being moved from somewhere else.
If you know what's going on, please let me know.
October 25, 2008 Comments (29) | TrackBack (0) Categories: Bullingdon Picture | Permalink
Jolly voting weather, Eton, chains and furlongs, David Kelly and other correspondence
Read Peter Hitchens only in The Mail on Sunday
Here are a few answers to contributors, as well as some general comments on what people have said. Margaret Harrison-Marks says people should stop 'blaming ' David Cameron for his parents' decision to send him to Eton. This was in response to an item about the picture of Mr Cameron is his Bullingdon Club finery (apparel which I recently struggled into myself for a Channel Four publicity photograph about my forthcoming TV programme on Mr Cameron. And yes, I did tie my own bow tie).
To Margaret Harrison-Marks I reply, who did criticise him for this? What I was discussing here was his membership of the Bullingdon club, after he left Eton. You don't have to join the Bullingdon club if you've been at Eton. It's voluntary, and you have to get invited. I know several Etonians who never had anything to do with it. And a man's education is important - not because he chose it, because he usually didn't, but because it may have influenced his view of the world. People also mention Mr Cameron's Etonian background because it seems to have influenced him. He might not have given his lofty dismissal of the idea of restoring grammar schools, for instance, had he himself any experience of the modern state school system, or if his family contained anyone who'd been to a grammar school.
'Grant' complains that I am promoting a conspiracy theory about the Bullingdon photo (am I? I am merely pointing to an anomaly, of a business turning down plentiful income, by withdrawing a politically sensitive picture from circulation. You may draw your own conclusions, or none at all). My interest may be silly, but I don't think it's pointless, and nor do the numerous newspapers that have followed it up. He then accuses me of ignoring the case of Dr David Kelly. Please don't make such claims without checking. I have written at great length about the Kelly case and the Hutton inquiry in the Mail on Sunday. You can be excused for not knowing that, but it's just wrong to claim, on the basis of no knowledge at all, that I haven't done so. Please stick to attacking me for what I have done (or left undone), if you don't mind.
By the way, I'm always baffled by suggestions that Dr Kelly was murdered. It was the fact that he wasn't murdered, that he had killed himself after the dreadful treatment he received that made Anthony Blair go grey in the face when he heard the news of his death. The government would have had no reason to want him dead. I am sure everyone involved sincerely wishes he was still alive. So do I. I also think what David Thomas has written about this conscientious and decent man is deeply unkind and unfair. Mr Kelly is not here to defend himself, and he was never a man of power who trampled on others. He does not remotely deserve this. I think it would be a good thing if Mr Thomas withdrew what he has said.
Quite a lot of people wrote angrily about the decimal-duodecimal, metric-customary controversy, attacking me for writing about such trivial
matters. Odd, then, isn't it, that this item attracted far more interest than the more obviously 'important' article about marriage, civilisation and prison. The issue of compulsory metrication, as Napoleon observed two centuries ago, has a great and surprising power to move people. I was shocked by the strong feelings it produced in me (much as one is sometimes choked quite unexpectedly by a line of verse, which at first sight seems commonplace).
I set out to find out what it was this apparently trivial thing went so deep. I went and watched the ludicrous and yet sinister trial of Steve Thoburn, and gazed in wonder at this harmless, honest man sitting in a dock designed to hold violent louts. I watched as my local covered market was frightened into submission by the law and other honest men shamefacedly told me that they could no longer sell me two pounds of apples, or half a pound of tea.
I wondered why it lifted my heart so much to see large official signs everywhere in the USA, using customary measures. And I concluded that it really was all about liberty, about a uniquely old and settled and beloved way of life that had grown like a forest, not been built like a city, and I remembered Chesterton's 'Rolling English Road' and thought what he would have to say about this.
And I came to the conclusion that, actually it was very important, and that it was necessary to say so - and that those who denied its importance were often precisely the people who sought to use oppressive laws to enforce their views on the subject. Yet nobody asked them why they thought it was so important, or called them obsessed.
It also passes the test of any important and pressing issue - if you write honestly about it, your opponents will misrepresent what you say, rather than answering your case.
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March 13, 2007 Comments (11) Categories: Bullingdon Picture , Metric System | Permalink
Newsnight and the Cameron picture
I am now in a rather privileged position. I have seen a picture of David Cameron which you can never see. The photograph is on a private staircase somewhere in Oxford. Like the one which was briefly allowed to be published, it shows him in the brass-buttoned tailcoat of the Bullingdon Club. But in this study, taken a year later, Mr Cameron is smiling and looks entirely different. Some of his companions look a bit raffish, too.
Not important, I'm sure. The important thing is that you can't see it because of the strange decision by the Oxford photographic firm, Gillman and Soame, to withdraw all such pictures from media use. When I first spoke to them, they said they didn't like the coverage. Later they said they would issue no more pictures to the media, at all. Everyone denies that there has been any pressure from the Tory Party for the picture to be suppressed.
The company has a wonderful library of pictures of the nation's upper crust, taken during their time at Oxford when they may have thought they would be famous one day, but nobody else did. It is making a heroic sacrifice, probably worth many tens of thousands of pounds, by taking them all off the market.
I revealed this decision in my Mail on Sunday column on February 25, and was delighted when Michael Crick, of BBC-2's Newsnight, got in touch with me about it. Some of you may have seen the short film that resulted, including another picture, even more embarrassing than the Bullingdon Club portraits are to Mr Cameron, of the man who currently poses as our Prime Minister. He is making a coarse gesture. Now, if that picture had been published in full in the mid-1990s, I wonder if Mr Blair would now be Prime Minister.
And I suppose that's why it worries me that one Cameron Bullingdon picture has been withdrawn, and another will never be in the papers. Some will say - do say - that people get up to silly things at university and who cares? Others will say that some of those things are sillier than others, and that those who seek to govern us should expect to be scrutinised more than others, and judged by higher standards.
My own view is that the Bullingdon pictures say something quite important about David Cameron that he would prefer not to be said - that he is in fact far grander, far less ordinary, than he likes to let on. Look out for the TV programme that I am making about Mr Cameron, which is expected to air on Channel Four in the next few weeks. I'm not - as I have said before - prepared to post details of my broadcasting appearances in advance, as these things are not always wholly predictable. My experience is that these days, even if you miss them, you can find them on the web.
March 6, 2007 Comments (10) Categories: Bullingdon Picture , Cameron, David | Permalink