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Alex McLeish
So far so good but we have to improve says Blues boss Alex McLeish
ALEX McLeish has told Blues: more of the same – and then some.
Colin Tattum
The halfway point in the Championship campaign passed on Saturday and although Blues fell to their fourth defeat – all by only 1-0 – and are just holding off nearest challengers Reading, they should not be 'ashamed'.
McLeish said: "We can do better, we have to do better in the second half of the season but the first half of the campaign I don't think we should be ashamed of at all.
"I told the lads at full-time that they can be very proud of what they've achieved. We would have liked to have got to 50 points, but 47 is a good return and we aim to kick on from here now."
And McLeish and his coaching staff remain on the players' case.
He didn't like everything he saw at Deepdale on Saturday, where Preston North End edged victory in stoppage-time.
"The result hurt, definitely,'' said McLeish.
''We let our guard down and I would have liked to have seen us create more chances, particularly with the striking talent we've got at our disposal.
"In the second-half we were more of a threat. We were getting more penetration in the last third, we just didn't quite get enough chances on goal."
Blues could have got their noses in front in the 62nd minute, but Kevin Phillips' header was stopped by Andy Lonergan.
McLeish said: "I don't think it was so much a turning point.
"Obviously it would have put us ahead and made it much more difficult for them.
"I think the keeper's stopped it between his legs, and you've got to give him credit for that.
"But Kevin does keep scoring goals for us and we need other players to contribute as well."
Aston Villa FCSteven Gerrard sends clear transfer warning to Aston Villa squadThe head coach wants a bigger and better squad as he targets trophies and European nights at Villa Park
ITV Coronation Street star announces return to soap and fans say they're 'speechless'
Coronation StreetKimberley announced her return to the soap last year, in an exciting update for fans.
CrimeFirst picture of dad who threatened to kill ex-girlfriend after 'refusing to look after his dog''Volatile' Joshua Hickingbottom said he would 'stab' the woman
Meat Loaf dead: Iconic singer and actor passes away aged 74.
Arts & CultureWe take a look back at the iconic singer and his visits to Birmingham.


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Katy Perry 'Freshening Up' Unreleased Songs
Producer Tricky Stewart reveals that singer is in studio working on leftovers from their Teenage Dream sessions.
She may still be releasing tracks off Teenage Dream thanks to her latest single, "The One That Got Away," but Katy Perry is already hard at work on some other super-special, top-secret musical project.
Producer Tricky Stewart, who worked with Perry on three Teenage Dream songs, is back at work with the California Gurl herself, prepping some music with the singer. "Katy and I went into [the studio] just to address some issues with records that we had done in the past that didn't end up going on Teenage Dream," he told MTV News. "So we are in the process of just listening and freshening up things and getting ready for something special she has going on."
What is it that she is readying? Well, Stewart doesn't exactly know, or maybe he just doesn't want to say. "I don't know what it is, but I know she has something going on because she wants to be in the studio," he said. "So that's good. ... I can tell you that Katy likes the studio again; that's always a good thing."
While he couldn't shed much light on the project itself, he did reveal the name of the song. "This song is really special. It's called 'Dressing Up,' so it's going to be a big record, I think," he said. "It definitely fits. It's right there in what her sensibilities are as a musician and a songwriter. She doesn't change much. She has a very keen musical taste. It'll be really good."
The music they are working on is using some leftovers from their Teenage Dream sessions. And they hope to finally put that magic out into the world. "We always knew that the records we created were special [and] at the time it was more contractual obligation [that they didn't make the record]," he explained, noting all the success the singer has experienced with the record, which includes five #1 songs. "I can only have so many songs produced by me on the record. She didn't need to have extra songs at the same time."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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W1AW is both the amateur radio call sign and the primary operating station of the American Radio Relay League (ARRL). This station, which is commonly called the Hiram Percy Maxim Memorial Station, is located on the grounds of ARRL Headquarters in Newington, Connecticut. It was inspired by Maxim's 1AW callsign which predated the use of the AA-AL, K, N and W prefixes. The station routinely transmits bulletins and Morse code practice using common amateur radio frequencies. During a communications emergency bulletins are transmitted hourly in order to keep amateur radio operators informed.

History
The original ARRL station was licensed with the callsign of W1MK and located in a National Guard building at Brainard Field in Hartford, Connecticut. After eight years of operation this flood plain location was destroyed by the waters of the Connecticut River in a 1936 flood. During this same year Hiram Percy Maxim, president and co-founder of the ARRL, died after serving 22 years as the organization's president. It was decided by the ARRL board of directors that a new station would be built as a memorial to their recently lost president and that the new station would assume his callsign of W1AW. On September 2, 1938 the new station was dedicated with the ceremonies being broadcast nationally over the radio. The Hiram Percy Maxim Memorial Station building appears much as it did when first built in 1938 and is now located next to the ARRL headquarters which was built much later, in 1963.

The station was constructed on what was then  rural in Newington, Connecticut, purchased for $2,200 from Ms. Elsie Starr (the only nearby resident and namesake of today's HQ framing Starr Avenue). The station's dedication on September 2, 1938 was of such significance in its day that it was carried live nationally on the CBS radio network; this was accomplished with the aid of Connecticut powerhouses WTIC and WDRC. The station was staffed by Hal Bubb, W1JTD, and George Hart, W1NJM.

The station was soon affected by a hurricane, losing power and proving the wisdom of installing emergency generators. It would be years before they were used once installed.

The night of December 7, 1941, saw Hart and Bubb alerting the nation's amateurs that the FCC had closed down amateur stations, following the attack on Pearl Harbor. This continued for several months until W1AW itself was ordered off the air by the FCC. This condition would exist until October 31, 1945, following Japan's surrender. On that day, W1AW returned to the air to announce the methodical reopening of amateur radio activity.

In 1964, an addition and other renovations were made to the station following the closure of the La Salle Road offices in favor of the newly constructed offices used today by the ARRL.

By 1988, under the tutelage of Chuck Bender, W1WPR, the Maxim station was renovated again, adding such amenities as a new kitchenette, toilet, workshop and a meeting room (on the station's second floor). Further improvements included glass walled operating studios, new operating tables, and modern rack mounted equipment placed within climate controlled spaces.

Role in modern amateur radio
W1AW is the flagship station for amateur radio operation within the United States. Using pre-established shortwave frequencies and Maxim's distinctive call sign (W1AW), this station transmits one-way voice and digital bulletins in addition to morse code training practice. The transmissions are broadcast Monday through Friday with the first broadcast at 9AM ET daily and the last at 11PM ET. During communication emergencies bulletins are broadcast utilizing SSB and FM voice every hour, RTTY at 15 minutes past the hour, and CW at 30 minutes past the hour.

Morse Code Practice
The text of the daily W1AW code practice sessions is taken directly from the pages of recent issues of QST, the ARRL's monthly magazine. At the beginning of each practice session the QST year and month of publication as well as the page numbers are given followed by the article being transmitted at 5, 7-1/2, 10, 13 and 15 words per minute for "slow code" and 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 13 and 10 for "fast code".  Because these training sessions are scheduled for specific published days, times, and code speeds they are useful for anyone interested in learning Morse Code or improving their copying speed.

Bulletins
W1AW transmits bulletins of interest to the amateur radio community in a variety of formats, including single sideband and FM voice, CW (morse code), RTTY, MFSK16, and PSK31. These bulletins include notification of significant amateur radio events, including frequencies used to assist in rescue efforts during state or national disasters.

CW or morse code bulletins are sent at a speed of 18 words per minute while digital bulletins are transmit first in 45.45 baud RTTY followed by the PSK31 and MFSK16 modes "as time allows".

Copies of bulletins transmitted by W1AW can be downloaded from http://www.arrl.org/w1aw ("Hiram Percy Maxim Memorial Station").

Non-bulletin digital data
Keplerian elements for many amateur radio satellites are transmitted utilizing the common digital bulletin frequencies on Tuesdays and Fridays at 6:30 PM ET.
A DX bulletin "replaces or is added to the regular bulletins" every week between 8 PM ET Thursday and 8 PM ET Friday.

Guest operators
Amateur radio operators who visit the Hiram Percy Maxim Memorial Station may operate the equipment and temporarily use the W1AW callsign. The current schedule allows for "guest operators" from 10 AM ET to 12 PM ET and 1 PM ET to 3:45 PM ET Monday through Friday excluding holidays. An original or photocopy of a valid Federal Communications Commission (FCC) issued amateur license is required to operate the station.

W1AW offers a QSL card for those who have contacted the station over the air.  The "retro"-looking card can be obtained by any licensed amateur—not just ARRL members—who send W1AW their own QSL card with an envelope along with sufficient return postage.  QSL requests should be addressed to: 225 Main Street, Newington, CT 06111.

Qualifying runs
Qualifying Runs are transmitted on the same frequencies as the CW (morse code) transmissions. At the beginning of each code practice session, the schedule for the next qualifying run is presented. By successfully deciphering one minute of the message and submitting to W1AW a certification that the copy was made by the requester without aid a Certificate of Code Proficiency will be issued to the individual. Submissions, which must include the $10 fee, should be mailed to W1AW Qualifying Run, 225 Main Street, Newington, CT USA 06111. An amateur radio license is not required in order to receive this certificate.

Broadcast frequencies

Note that due to changes in ionospheric propagation caused by changing maximum usable frequency and frequency of optimum transmission it may not be possible to receive W1AW clearly on all frequencies. Note that the voice broadcasts are sent in the common mode for each frequency.

Broadcast schedule

Special Notes:
 A DX bulletin either replaces or is appended to the regular bulletins between 8 PM NAEST Thursday and 8 PM NAEST Friday.
 W1AW uses local North American Eastern Standard Time and observes daylight saving time in the summer.  Listeners outside of the United States may therefore see the times change due to daylight saving time.
 Every Monday the 9 AM ET CW transmission is omitted.
 The digital bulletins, which include RTTY45, PSK31, and MFSK16, are sent initially  utilizing 45.45 baud RTTY followed by PSK31 then MFSK16 "as time allows".
 W1AW is closed on the following holidays: New Year's Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day (and the following Friday), and Christmas Day.

See also
 American Radio Relay League

External links
The American Radio Relay League
The ARRL W1AW Information and Schedule Site

References

Telecommunications museums in the United States
Newington, Connecticut

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


If you had an hour to spare I would list the many multitudinous blessings of being a blogger. But since time is of the essence, I'll give you the headlines: Sometimes you get cool stuff to try out and share with your readers.
Of course one of the very coolest of all is Lego. When Lego sends me a new game to test on my family all of a sudden the kids think it's the coolest thing in the world that their mum is a blogger. For once they don't mind me snapping pictures endlessly - not if it means they get a cool new Lego game to play.
This latest Lego game is, in my opinion, the coolest one they've ever launched.
Think Pictionary, but with Lego.
You roll the dice, pick a card and have to try and create whatever is on the card while the rest of the players guess what on earth you are building.
Product description: Roll the LEGO® Dice to select one of four exciting building categories: vehicles, buildings, nature or things. With three levels of difficulty you can show off your building skills, while the others guess what you are creating. A great game for family and friends to test your imagination, creativity, building and guessing skills to the max.
When our Lego Creationary game arrived there was great excitement, not least from the youngest family member. Does it matter that he is only four when the recommended age is 7 years-up?? Nah, surely not.
Fighting erupts over to my left. Oh-oh. The four-year-old wants to take charge and he's just scattered Lego across the floor. There's a reason this is for older kids, aye?
Never mind. We're sitting down to play a whole-family game of Lego Creationary. Dad will help Scrag, no more dramas. Calm down Scrag, stop crying. You can play OK? But you have to let Daddy help you.
The next half hour or so we picked cards and tried to build what was on them. Miraculously, even though our Lego skills need some work, we all managed to guess most creations correctly and get some points.
We had a good laugh at each others efforts and of course Wrestling erupted part way through the game, but that is to be expected in these parts.
I could totally imagine that this game would work brilliantly at a Lego party (you can have up to eight players). It's almost enough to make me wanna hold a Lego party sometime, just so we can play Creationary. Hmmm, maybe in the school holidays... it doesn't have to be a birthday party, right? (Any excuse for a party round here, you know me).
It would also be a great game to take away camping, for those days when it rains and you're stuck in your tent.
Lego Creationary is set to become a firm family favourite. The proof is in the pudding... what did I walk in the kitchen and see the next morning? One, two, three kids sitting round the dining table with Creationary in the middle, building stuff. Yep, even the four-year-old.
Brilliant game, Lego people - your best yet!


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A reprodução simulada dos fatos, ordinariamente chamada de reconstituição de crimes, é o processo de simular o contexto e o ambiente onde alguma transgressão foi praticada por meio de evidências e depoimentos. O procedimento é usado para verificar e determinar a mecânica e o modus operandi do(s) criminoso(s), bem como esclarecer aspectos do crime, identificar possíveis agravantes bem como premeditação. A reprodução simulada dos fatos está prevista no art. 7º do Código do Processo Penal Brasileiro, porém desde que a simulação dos fatos não contrarie a ordem pública ou a moralidade do acusado. Da perspectiva técnica, a expressão "reconstituir" é incorreta, pois a prática procura apenas documentar, e não refazer, o ato criminoso.

Criminologia


San Francisco (January 12, 2016) — A Huffington Post editorial by Jad Daley, Director, Climate Conservation program at The Trust for Public Land, lays out the strong recognition in the final Paris climate agreement for urban trees. According to Daley, urban forests are an important and oft-overlooked piece of the carbon puzzle, providing about 8 percent of the nation's total carbon capture in trees. Besides all that, they improve health, lower ambient temperatures, and much more.
Quick, name a climate solution for cities which helps lower carbon emissions, protects vulnerable people who live there, and even helps students get better grades.
Give up? The answer is urban forests and you're not alone if you didn't come up with the answer. After all, most of us see the trees woven into our city streets and parks as just a pretty, cinematic backdrop for urban life. Nice to look at, certainly, but not profoundly important when compared to better mass transit and other steps cities can take to help fight climate change.
The strong recognition in the final Paris climate agreement for trees and forests of every kind, from cities to wilderness, is starting to change this perception.
I wrote recently here about the central role America's large rural forests can play in capturing and storing carbon emissions. To provide a sense of scale, our forests in the U.S. now sequester almost 15 percent of our annual carbon emissions. That is roughly equivalent to the projected reductions in emissions from the EPA Clean Power Plan when it hits full stride in 2030.
Urban forests are an important and oft-overlooked piece of the carbon puzzle, providing about 8 percent of the nation's total carbon capture in trees. Certainly this alone would make the case for planting more trees, like New York City's Million Trees campaign, to enhance natural carbon scrubbing power.
But urban forests can do much more to fight climate change and improve our cities aside from simply capturing carbon emissions.
From a carbon emissions perspective, heat islands create extra need for cooling on those hot summer days when air conditioning is running full tilt. One analysis from the University of California at Berkeley estimated that 5–10% of peak electricity demand in cities for air conditioning is due to urban heat islands.
These heat islands also worsen one of the greatest public health threats caused by climate change–extreme heat waves. One analysis from the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University projected a ten-fold increase in heat-related deaths across the eastern states by 2057 thanks to stronger and more frequent heat waves. Cities can't afford to make this problem worse with heat islands.
What is the most effective natural solution to reduce urban heat islands? You guessed it–tree canopy.
Here is where climate justice comes in. In virtually every city in America, tree cover is strongly correlated with income–wealthy neighborhoods generally have significantly more tree cover. This shows the correlation for the Washington, D.C. region. A recent study published in PLOS One examined this correlation for cities more broadly.
Expanding urban tree cover with an emphasis on low-income neighborhoods is a powerful strategy to fight climate change, offering three major benefits. First, more trees will lead to more carbon sequestration and lower energy use for air conditioning–saving money for homes and businesses while lowering carbon emissions. Second, this same cooling effect will protect public health, particularly in low-income neighborhoods where many people face high risks from heat waves due to pre-existing health conditions and lack of air conditioning.
Third, tree canopy and other greenery in cities has been shown to have profound impacts on health and quality of life, touching everything from student achievement to mental health. Thanks to these ongoing quality of life benefits, urban forests are just as valuable on fair weather days as when cities shimmer in the heat.
With so much to gain for relatively small implementation costs, it is understandable why the legions of mayors who rallied behind the Paris agreement last month have joined with Pope Francis in calling for leafier cities. Urban forests simultaneously address our imperative to lower carbon emissions while also meeting our moral obligation to protect the most vulnerable people from climate impacts. The strong emphasis on forest solutions in the Paris climate agreement should be a tailwind to such efforts.


"Fujitsu has always been there for us. Thanks to our long-term partnership we got involved in the game early, even before FUJITSU Integrated System PRIMEFLEX® for Storage Spaces Direct was officially launched."
Founded in 2000, Make IT provides personalized and innovative IT products and services, on site when needed, for its expanding customer base. Make IT's expertise streamlines the needs of IT departments in small, medium and large companies – many with national and international markets. Additionally, Make IT functions as an external IT department for many of its clients.
Make IT wanted to replace its aging, costly and complex server platforms with an innovative, cutting-edge, integrated solution that would simplify management, reduce costs and leave a smaller footprint. But the right packaged solution had yet to be designed.
FUJITSU Integrated System PRIMEFLEX for Storage Spaces Direct is a platform that could be quickly up and running. PRIMEFLEX is pre-certified, pre-validated and fully supported. Due to the consulting expertise of Make IT in the Microsoft space, the integrated system was jointly customized to perfectly meet Make IT's specific requirements.


Another city has discovered that light rail is not the road to utopia. In 2007, Norfolk, Virginia decided to revitalize its downtown by building a rail transit line. That line is now 45 percent over budget and its opening has been delayed by more than 16 months.
When Flickr user DearEdward took this construction photo in July, 2008, Norfolk officials were promising to open the light-rail line in December, 2009 at a cost of $232 million. Now the cost has grown to $338 million and the opening delayed to late in 2011.
A 45-percent cost overrun is about average for rail transit construction, but it has hit Norfolk particularly hard. In 2007, the Federal Transit Administration agreed to fund 72 percent of the then-projected $232 million cost, with the Commonwealth of Virginia and city of Norfolk each funding about half the remainder. Since the feds did not agree to cover any of the cost overruns, the overruns represent a near-tripling of the costs to state and city taxpayers.
Furious about the unexpected costs and delays., the Hampton Roads Transit board (which consists of city councilors from the cities the agency serves) forced the agency's general manager to retire. A month ago, a state audit found that the Norfolk city manager and transit planners knew about the cost overrun long before they bothered to tell the city. As a result, both the city manager and the agency's agency's head planner resigned this week.
On top of cost overruns are construction delays. Originally scheduled to open to the public in December 2009, opening was delayed until May 2011. But now the transit agency admits it won't even meet that date and can't say when it will open.
Meanwhile, far from becoming a place "where people can work, shop, eat, and play," Norfolk's downtown now features "hundreds of empty condos, apartments, and storefronts." The latest news is that a major supermarket is closing after a mere three years in business. While the truth is that the relative handful of people who are expected to ride the light-rail line are not enough to revitalize any downtown, lengthy construction delays certainly don't help.
The best thing Norfolk might do now is to abandon the light-rail line and dedicate the $10 million or so that it will cost to subsidize rail operations to improving bus service in the city and its surroundings. Unfortunately, doing so means that it would have to refund the federal government the $168 million that it contributed to the line. As a result, city taxpayers will have to throw good money after bad by funding tens of millions in operating subsidies for the next several decades.
In March, Cato published my review of every rail transit system in America (as of 2008), showing that in nearly every case buses would have been more cost-effective at moving people. This same view was expressed last week by a surprising source: Peter Rogoff, the Obama administration's appointee in charge of the Federal Transit Administration (FTA).
Appropriately, Rogoff spoke before the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, whose transit system, he pointed out, is in a "grim" state. Nationwide, he noted, America's transit industry suffers from $78 billion worth of deferred maintenance – most of which is due to rail transit lines that cities cannot afford to keep in shape. Rogoff was disturbed that cities were asking for federal grants to build more rail lines when they can't keep the existing trains in a state of good repair.
"Let's start with honesty," he said: "Paint is cheap, rails systems are extremely expensive." He suggested that, instead of expensive trains, many cities can attract just as many riders onto transit by painting buses on specific routes in distinctive colors (as Boulder, CO has done).
Part of the problem, Rogoff knows, is that Congress has given cities incentives to build high-cost transit projects. To address this issue, the last transportation bill, in 2005, included a section requiring the Federal Transit Administration to evaluate the incentives created by federal funding.
Unfortunately, the FTA dropped the ball: the resulting report said nothing about existing incentives and addressed only the question of whether new incentives could be created to encourage agencies to bring their properties up to a state of good repair. While that is a laudable goal, it is an input, not an output.
According to historic data published by the American Public Transportation Association, the productivity of public transit – outputs per unit of input – has declined dramatically since the federal government began funding transit in 1964. From 1964 through 2008, the inflation-adjusted cost of operating transit increased by more than 360 percent, while transit ridership grew by a mere 24 percent and fares by 62 percent.
Ultimately, transit should be privatized, but in the meantime Congress or the administration can adopt a race-to-the-top program similar to the one the administration is using to improve education. Rogoff should direct his agency to rewrite its incentive report before Congress takes up transportation again in 2011.
If you thought last week was a bad time to be a Republican, try the next century: Most demographic trends show Democratic constituencies growing and traditional Republican ones shrinking.
Malou Innocent on Obama's surprise visit to Afghanistan.
The case against rail transit.
Podcast: "Rating the Rating Houses" featuring William A. Niskanen.
Idea of the day: Repeal the 16th Amendment, which gives Congress the power to lay and collect taxes. Replace it with an amendment that requires each state to remit to the federal government a certain percent of its tax revenue.
Nuclear arms treaty set for April. It's a long time coming.
Podcast: "China, Currency and Trade Demagogues" featuring Daniel J. Ikenson.


As employment legislation continues to develop, the challenges faced by business continue to increase and many employers are failing to meet the exacting standards expected of them. With tribunals reputed for siding with employees and chastising employers for seemingly trivial failures to follow procedure, businesses are increasingly exposed to potential claims from employees which could result in crippling awards, and sometimes even the collapse of business itself.
On top of all this, it is extremely easy for begrudged employees to raise a claim at tribunal with very little expense incurred by them. So even if the employer wins at tribunal they will generally be left significantly out of pocket as a result of the legal expenses they incur.
With a 33% increase in tribunal cases in 2009-2010, developing sound employment law procedures and best practice methods will not only significantly increase your chances of successfully defending a tribunal claim, it will also allow your business to resolve the key issues reducing the likelihood of employees escalating matters to tribunal.


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Q: How are explicit compilition flags used for optimization nowadays? The goal is compile a binary for production. I've found out that some flags, such as -l that used to be used, no longer supported.
How are explicit compilition flags used for optimization nowadays? Or is it optimized by default?

A:
How are explicit compilition flags used for optimization nowadays?

No flags are use for optimization when compiling production code nowadays.

Or is it optimized by default?

The standard Go compiler gc is an optimizing compiler by default.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Erik Voorhees, CEO of cryptocurrency exchange Shapeshift, called on finance industry regulators to embrace cryptocurrencies as a competition to the existing financial system, instead of viewing the asset class as a threat to be controlled.
In an interview with Bloomberg, Voorhees spoke on a range of issues within the cryptocurrency sector, including regulation, competition and the future of Switzerland-based Shapeshift AG.
Voorhees stated the existence of centrally-issued money is incongruous to the existing framework of a market-based economy. The entrepreneur compared the issuance of money to a manufacturer of shoes and noted if strict regulations forbid the latter from gaining a monopoly in the market, the same ideology must apply to fiat currencies.
In Voorhees' opinion, the current model of regulation creates problems instead of mitigating them. He added that rules are aimed at the wrong targets, and as a result, are hurting the economy by stifling innovation, breeding uncertainty and promoting cronyism.
Voorhees believes that increased regulatory legislation has a positive correlation to "brain and capital flight" in the cryptocurrency industry, citing the example of the New York-based BitLicense.
To end his interview, Voorhees provided insight into his company and specified the reason Shapeshift chose the traditional venture capital route to raise capital. Quite simply, the exchange places experience from seasoned investors over quick fundraising which ensures a legitimate execution of the intended business model.
However, Vorhees hinted at the SEC's ambiguity over Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) as another reason that contributes to Shapeshift's reluctance to launch an ICO.


A few weeks ago something extraordinary happened to me! For the first time after several years working in a big corporation I felt the presence of a real leader, not just another manager.
During months we were facing a real challenge at work and the team's frustration was quite high. This person was capable of creating an amazing reaction in the people present in the room, giving us a really powerful and motivational speech.
Half an hour later everybody left the room looking to each other and saying: "Yes, let's do that right now, let's go for it". Impressive.
To give you an idea of what I am talking about watch this video.
The experience shows that transformational leaders are really rare, and usually businesses are run by what we define as managers: people with a list of objectives to accomplish, really skilled at defining, giving and following actions, making pressure to make sure that these are done.
In many cases, businesses can be driven by managers, but what really makes the different are leaders, those people capable of inspiring others and make people follow them, even in very adverse situations.
Impressed by this high motivational moment, my curiosity about leadership styles increased. And I found out a great subject called transformational leadership.
The following list describes the four common behaviors of transformational leaders.
Transformational leaders are capable of transmitting a message to each individual person in their team. They spread enthusiasm and integrity, acting as a role model. They have one or more characteristics which make them really authentic, without caring about what others think about them. They are really good at setting real life examples which make people identify with them.
This behavior can be summarized with the word "Identify".
These leaders are capable of leveraging the meaning of goals and tasks. They inspire emotionally, touching the deepest inside of the people in their team. They give the meaning of achieving goals, explaining the personal reasons to achieve them, not just because it is required by the organization (as it would be presented by a manager). They are capable of communicating an attractive vision, a dream: "by scoring those points you will enter in the list of the world's most recognized football players…" And really important: they appreciate the job done by their people.
This is the second I: "Inspire".
In other words: capacity to challenge their people. They question old ways of doing things, imparting new perspectives. They are auto critic, making their followers understand that they are all at the same level and transmitting that success depends on each and every individual. They adequate complexity, telling their people that only the best can achieve the goal, and this accomplishment depends only on them. They challenge the status-quo.
This behavior is summarized with: "Intellectual".
Contrary to what managers usually do, transformational leaders develop each employee individually, with full credibility. They understand their employees' needs and they truly care about them. They give to their followers the importance that they deserve. They don't just save time to talk to the individual when required by the business, but also when the employee has a personal topic to discuss. They enter into real valuable dialogues, not just light talking, contributing to develop a strong relationship between leader and follower.
This is the fourth and last I: "Individual".
The transformational leadership takes place when all the four I's appear at the same time.
Now that you know this leadership style, are you one of these leaders?
Fernando Vilas is the founder and CEO of Talentese, a career website whose mission is to help people discover the most attractive young companies out there. At Talentese, you can find great companies, jobs, professional coaching and high quality career advice from the best professionals.


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Biografia
Era figlio di Stefano Sanvitale e di Lodovica Pallavicino, ramo di Scipione.

Uomo d'armi, fu al servizio del duca di Milano Ludovico il Moro nella guerra contro i Rossi di Parma appoggiati dai veneziani. Sposò nel 1454 Donella de' Rossi nella speranza di una pacificazione tra le famiglie rivali. Nel 1477 ottenne dagli Sforza l'autorizzazione ad ampliare la rocca di Sala, eseguendo importanti opere difensive.

Nel 1482 ottenne dal Moro la restituzione della rocca di Noceto, anticamente posseduta dalla famiglia e tolta ai Sanvitale da Orlando Rossi, figlio naturale di Pier Maria II de' Rossi.

Nel 1495 partecipò all'assedio di Novara e per i suoi servizi ottenne dal duca di Milano l'investitura del feudo di Sala ed il titolo di primo conte.

Discendenza
Giberto e Donella ebbero due figli:
 Niccolò Maria Quirico (?-1511), uomo d'armi al servizio di Venezia, 2º conte di Sala
 Bernardino (?-1495), uomo d'armi al servizio del Regno di Francia, perito nella battaglia di Fornovo

Note

Bibliografia

Voci correlate
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Special Issue "Innovation, NPD and Design Thinking - Managing the Fuzzy Front End"
Innovation has become the Holy Grail (Alexander and van Knippenberg, 2014) or even the raison d'etre (Colombo et al, 2017) for many organizations. New ideas constitute vital creative sparks that ultimately lead to innovations such as new products, new services, new processes, new experiences, new business models and create new commercial growth opportunities to sustain the business (van den Ende et al, 2014).
The fuzzy front end, of innovation or New Product Development (NPD) is defined as "the period between when an opportunity is first considered and when an idea is judged ready for development." (Kim and Wilemon, 2002, p. 270). Researchers have identified the front end (FEI) as the most important phase of the innovation process, but paradoxically, it is the the phase that is least studied. Managing the FEI is challenging and confusing because the data on which decisions are normally based are either unclear or absent and this is particularly so when organizations seek radical innovations (RI's). R&D teams seeking to generate highly-novel, original ideas in the FEI face high levels of uncertainty in both market and technology. While existing research in the fields of management and design suggest tools that can assist managers and teams to navigate this unique challenge, this is still a critical issue.
Managing Radical innovation (RI), especially, in large mature companies requires addressing both high levels of risk and uncertainty. The literature suggests that firms should build special capabilities to manage RI initiatives (O'Connor and de Martino, 2006; O'Connor and Rice 2013: Bagno et al 2017; Salerno et al 2015). Such special capabilities or alternative approaches are needed because in early stage R&D projects much of the information required to make decisions is either uncertain or entirely absent (Aagaard and Gertsen, 2011: De Oliveira et al, 2018) and outcomes are therefore unpredictable and volatile (Robbins and O'Gorman, 2015): the decisions to be made are critical and mistakes at this juncture will have consequences (Haase and Laursen, 2018).
Aagaard, A. & Gertsen, F. 2011, "Supporting Radical Front End Innovation: Perceived Key Factors of Pharmaceutical Innovation", Creativity & Innovation Management, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 330-346.
Alexander, L. & van Knippenberg, D. 2014, "Teams in Pursuit of Radical Innovation: a Goal Orientation Perspective", Academy of Management Review, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 423-438.
Artz, K.W., Norman, P.M., Hatfield, D.E. & Cardinal, L.B. 2010, "A Longitudinal Study of the Impact of R&D, Patents, and Product Innovation on Firm Performance", Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 725-740.
Bagno, R.B., Salerno, M.S. & da Silva, D.O. 2017, "Models with graphical representation for innovation management: a literature review", R&D Management, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 637-653.
de Oliveira, P. & da Silva, J.F. 2018, "The impact of alliances and internal R&D on the firm's innovation and financial performance", Brazilian Business Review (English Edition), vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 533-550.
Haase, L.M. & Laursen, L.N. 2018, "Reasoning in the Fuzzy Front End of Innovation: Framing the Product Dna", International Journal of Innovation Management, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. N.PAG-N.PAG.
Kim, J. & Wilemon, D. 2007, "The Learning Organization as Facilitator of Complex NPD Projects", Creativity & Innovation Management, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 176-191.
O'Connor, G.C. & DeMartino, R. 2006, "Organizing for Radical Innovation: An Exploratory Study of the Structural Aspects of RI Management Systems in Large Established Firms", Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 475-497.
O'Connor, G.C. & Rice, M.P. 2013, "A Comprehensive Model of Uncertainty Associated with Radical Innovation", Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol. 30, pp. 2-18.
Robbins, P. & O'Gorman, C. 2015, "Innovating the innovation process: an organisational experiment in global pharma pursuing radical innovation", R&D Management, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 76-93.
Salerno, M.S., Gomes, L.A.d.V., Silva, D., Bagno, R.B. & Freitas, S.L.T.U. 2015, "Innovation processes: Which process for which project?", Technovation, vol. 35, pp. 59-70.
van den Ende, J., Frederiksen, L. & Prencipe, A. 2014, "The Front End of Innovation: Organizing Search for Ideas", Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 482-487.


Shadi Martini (top) was born and raised in Aleppo, Syria. He was forced to leave his home city in 2012, but he never forgot his favorite sandwich shop there.
"It's a magnificent sandwich," he says of that sandwich, which is made with sheep brain. But it's not just about the food. "It's being [in Aleppo], eating it there, and talking to the people that makes it more delicious."
As we learned in yesterday's episode, that shop in Aleppo that Shadi loves so much is called Serjieh. And it's famous for its delicious sandwiches in a city where there is no shortage of amazing food.
"We established some secret facilities…gave them medical supplies," he recalls. "No one knew about it until 2012, when we were discovered."
But after Shadi fled Aleppo, he wasn't able to contact anyone there. So he doesn't know if Serjieh survived the war.
Today on The Sporkful we'll find out what happened to that beloved restaurant and its owners during the five years of intense fighting in Aleppo.
"I lost everything," he says. "I lost the ability to go back to my home."
Listen in to the full episode to hear the conclusion of our two-part quest to find out whether this beloved restaurant in Aleppo survived the Syrian Civil War.
After months of searching, we finally meet "the Donut King" and learn what happened to him. He's returned to the Cambodian community seeking redemption. But will he find it?
After escaping Cambodia's "Killing Fields," Ted Ngoy built a donut empire in California. Then he lost it all, and disappeared. This week we're searching for the Donut King -- and his legacy.
Before Aleppo became famous for fighting, it was famous for food. This week we go on a quest to find out whether a beloved sandwich shop has survived the Syrian Civil War.


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8 Leaky Gut Supplements
By Ashley Sutphin Watkins / Autoimmune Diseases, Gut and Digestive Health / September 10, 2019 January 25, 2023
You aren't alone if you're looking for the best supplements for leaky gut. Leaky gut supplements can help reduce inflammation in the gut and combat some of the symptoms of this syndrome. The following provides an overview of what supplements to take for leaky gut and other information you should know if you struggle with leaky gut.
What Is Leaky Gut?
The concept of a leaky gut has gotten a lot of attention lately, especially in the world of natural and holistic health. Leaky gut is a condition in which you have increased intestinal permeability. Essentially, when you have this digestive condition, it means toxins and bacteria might be able to leak through your intestinal wall.
Despite the fact there's growing attention in the natural health world about leaky gut, mainstream healthcare providers often don't recognize the condition.
Even so, there is mounting evidence that a leaky gut is an actual condition that can have far-reaching effects on a person's health and well-being.
Your digestive tract is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients so they can be utilized, and it also protects you from harmful substances. Your intestine walls are barriers to what is transported to your organs via your bloodstream.
Your intestinal wall has areas that allow water and nutrients through while they are supposed to block harmful substances.
When discussing leaky gut, the term intestinal permeability is one you may often hear because it's a way to describe how easy it is for substances to pass through your intestine wall.
If the junctions of your intestinal wall, which are the areas that let water and nutrients through, are too loose, you'll have more gut permeability. That can allow the "bad stuff," such as toxins and bacteria, to move from the gut to the bloodstream, thus creating a leaky gut.
When you have a leaky gut, it can cause a possible immune response, and it can lead to inflammation throughout your body.
According to Harvard Health, the intestinal lining covers more than 4,000 square feet of surface area. When an unhealthy gut lining exists, it can allow things to penetrate the tissues below that gut lining leading to changes in the normal bacteria or gut flora.
Harvard points out that there are several studies happening right now that look at the links between intestinal bacteria and inflammation in the development of chronic diseases.
What are the Symptoms of a Leaky Gut?
Symptoms of leaky gut can be broad and may include:
Specific things that could be linked to a leaky gut also include:
Brain fog or problems concentrating
Eczema or similar skin issues
Asthma or seasonal allergies
Hormonal imbalances
Some people believe leaky gut is linked to a wide variety of conditions, such as:
While this may very well be true, there is currently limited research on leaky gut syndrome. Traditional healthcare providers may be unaware of the issues surrounding a leaky gut or unwilling to offer a diagnosis until more is officially known.
What we do currently know is that having more intestinal permeability can be part of certain gastrointestinal conditions like:
What's currently less understood is how gut permeability might play a more significant role in physical and mental health and conditions such as autoimmune diseases.
What Causes Leaky Gut?
Harvard Health's resources on leaky gut say that, to an extent, it affects us all because our intestinal barrier isn't entirely impenetrable, nor should it be.
However, genetic links may make some of us more sensitive to changes in our digestive system than others.
Elements of modern living may also play a role in the development of inflammation in the gut and leaky gut syndrome.
For example, the standard American diet, which tends to be high in sugar and saturated fat and low in fiber, may begin the process of a leaky gut. Stress and alcohol use may also be factors.
Much like other things surrounding leaky gut, specific causes of the condition aren't entirely understood, but there are some theories.
Possible contributors to increased intestinal permeability may include:
Chronic inflammation throughout the body
Consuming too much sugar which can damage how the intestinal wall functions
Taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for a long time
Excessive alcohol
Being deficient in specific nutrients, including A, D, and zinc
Chronic stress, which is linked to a variety of gastrointestinal disorders
Disruptions in the balance of harmful and beneficial bacteria in the gut
An overgrowth of yeast
Is Leaky Gut a Symptom of Disease, Or a Disease Itself?
With so much still unknown about leaky gut and intestinal permeability, it's natural to question whether it's in and of itself a disease or a symptom of other diseases.
What we know is that with chronic disease and, in particular autoimmune diseases, intestinal permeability is frequently seen. However, we don't know whether it's the cause or, again, a symptom of them.
In animal studies looking at conditions like celiac disease, there has been some evidence intestinal permeability existed before the onset of the disease. The same was true in other animal studies examining type 1 diabetes and IBS.
At the same time, in people with celiac disease, their level of intestinal permeability frequently returned to normal once they followed a gluten-free diet for more than a year. That would show that the problems with intestinal permeability would be linked to gluten ingestion rather than being a reason for celiac disease.
How Can You Improve the Health of Your Gut?
You can make plenty of lifestyle changes if you feel your gut balance is off or you have leaky gut syndrome. Even having specific digestive symptoms, such as bloating, might be aided by making simple changes. We'll go into the best supplements for healing leaky gut, but generally, consider doing the following:
Eat a Diverse, Healthy Diet
Bacteria grow in your intestines—hundreds of species.
Each specific bacteria growing in your stomach plays different roles in your health and needs certain nutrients to thrive. If you have a diverse set of bacteria in your stomach, then that's considered to be a marker of good gut health.
Eating different, varied, and healthy foods can help promote better bacteria health in your gut.
Unfortunately, the typical American and western diets are low in diversity and abundant with fat and sugar.
Focus on eating many fruits, vegetables, beans, nuts, and other items.
Fruits and vegetables are among the best nutrient sources for healthy gut microbiota; they're rich in fiber and fiber and can help stimulate the growth of some of the bacteria in your gut.
Legumes and beans are also excellent high-fiber choices.
Incorporate Fermented Foods Into Your Diet
Fermented foods undergo a process involving yeasts or bacteria that takes the sugar naturally occurring in food and turns it into acids or alcohol. Fermented foods include kimchi, sauerkraut, kombucha, tempeh, yogurt, and kefir.
Fermented foods tend to have a lot of lactobacilli, which are gut-beneficial bacteria.
For example, when people eat a lot of yogurt, they tend to have high amounts of lactobacilli in their intestines and fewer Enterobacteriaceae, which are linked to chronic diseases and inflammation.
Skip Artificial Sweeteners
Artificial sweeteners like aspartame can cause adverse problems with gut microbiota and adversely impact insulin and blood sugar.
Focus on Including More Plants Into Your Diet
Even if you don't go vegetarian or vegan, when you have a leaky gut or you feel that you could, it may be a good idea to try and increase the amount of plant-based foods you consume and lower the animal-based foods.
A diet rich in vegetables and plant-based food can help your gut microbiota thrive, perhaps because plant-based foods are high in fiber.
A diet centered around a large amount of diverse plant-based foods may also help reduce cholesterol and inflammation.
Consume Foods with Polyphenols
Polyphenols are certain compounds that doctors and researchers believe have a number of health benefits, such as the ability to help lower blood pressure and inflammation. Some research indicates polyphenols can also reduce oxidative stress.
Sources of polyphenols can include green tea, dark chocolate, red wine, almonds, blueberries, and broccoli.
Polyphenols may help increase good gut bacteria like Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli and reduce harmful bacteria.
Take a Probiotic
A probiotic can be an excellent addition to your supplement routine for most people, even if you don't think you have symptoms of a leaky gut.
Probiotics can help your gut bacteria stay balanced, especially if you have digestive issues.
Work on Strategies to Reduce Stress
The stress you experience daily can impact every aspect of your health, including your gut health.
Animal studies have shown being psychologically stressed can disrupt the balance of microorganisms in your intestines. Along with psychological stress, environmental stress like excessive noise or sleep deprivation can also impact your gut health.
Work on ensuring you have healthy coping mechanisms in place to deal with stress, try to get enough exercise, and also focus on healthy sleep routines.
What Are the Best Supplements for Leaky Gut?
Many wonder, "what are the best natural supplements to heal inflammation in the gut and leaky gut."
The following is a breakdown of the best supplements for leaky gut. We based this list of the best supplements for healing leaky guts on a few factors, including product ingredients and claims from manufacturers, reviews from real users, and scientific evidence and research.
May help add a coating of protection to intestines to reduce permeability
Bone broth might not be what you think of as a gut health supplement, but it's terrific to have in your pantry if you struggle with a leaky gut, issues with your digestive tract, or digestive issues. Our favorite type of organic bone broth for leaky gut is from Left Coast Performance. We like it because:
It includes no fillers, sugar, or thickening agents
Since this is a bone broth powder, it's versatile, and you can use it in different ways, including in hot water as soup or even in smoothies
Bone broth is believed to have anti-inflammatory agents that can calm the inflammation in the gut
Bone broth also has glutamine which can add a "coating" of protection to your intestinal walls and help reduce gut inflammation
Bone broth is something people are increasingly swearing by when it comes to gut-healing foods for the gastrointestinal tract.
You can make your bone broth, but it takes hours, and a lot of dedication, so more people are looking for convenient bone broth supplements, such as the product from Left Coast Performance. Bone broth may have benefits for not only the digestive system but also the joints.
Bone broth is made from animal bones and connective tissues and is also nutrient and mineral-packed. For example, brewing bones into a broth will allow them to create calcium, magnesium, and collagen.
Collagen helps provide amino acids to the body, a protein building block. Bone broth may also have iron, fatty acids, and zinc.
Glutamine is an amino acid found in bone broth that may be especially helpful for healing the gut, which is why we included bone broth on our list of the best supplements for leaky gut. Glutamine supplements were studied, and results were published in 2017 in the journal Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care. Researchers noted that using a glutamine supplement seemed to help heal the intestinal barrier in models looking at animals and humans.
A study published in 2017 in the Nutrients journal showed people with inflammatory bowel disease often have lower levels of amino acids in their body, so there is some evidence to suggest that getting more amino acids could help them. Having bone broth daily can provide amino acids and anti-inflammatory benefits.
There are other possible benefits of bone broth as one of the best supplements for healing leaky gut.
For example, a study published in Neuropsychopharmacology in 2015 found that glycine, an amino acid in bone broth, can help improve sleep. It's possible consuming glycine before going to sleep can improve sleep quality and reduce feelings of fatigue the next day.
Bone broth is rich in protein, so it may help reduce your appetite and help you stay fuller for longer, so it could help you lose weight as well.
The Left Coast Performance bone broth supplement is rich in collagen, so it's a win-win. A serving contains 21 grams of protein, which can help support gut and joint health.
Customer reviews of this product say it has no taste or smell, so it's easy to add to everything.
Customer reviews say that they enjoy the pure product, which doesn't have added fillers, and they also see benefits in their personal use, such as increased energy and feelings of strength and stamina.
One review said the person had a bleeding ulcer, and they could heal it with this bone broth.
Contains amino acids that can help repair the intestinal wall
Collagen peptides are one of the best supplements to repair leaky gut, with many benefits similar to organic bone broth.
Collagen peptides have amino acids that are vital to repairing the intestinal wall, so they may be able to help with the symptoms of a leaky gut or improve intestinal permeability.
Our favorite personally tried and tested collagen peptide supplement is Great Lakes Gelatin Collagen Hydrolysate.
The Great Lakes gelatin product gives you great value because it comes in one-pound canisters, and you can get a discount if you order two packages on Amazon.
This product is a good source of pure protein and has no gluten or GMOs.
It contains nine specific amino acids and has a high amount of protein.
It has no scent or flavor, so it's easy to add to anything, including your morning coffee, a cup of tea, or a smoothie.
Collagen is a building block of everything in our body; this protein is around 30% of all our proteins. Collagen helps promote the regeneration of connective tissues and is responsible for skin elasticity.
As we age, our bodies produce less collagen naturally, which is why some to supplement with it.
So why is it one of the best supplements for leaky gut specifically?
When you use collagen as a supplement, it may help regulate your gastric acids, and some believe it could prevent too much gastric juice from being present in your stomach.
Excessive gastric juice is linked to issues such as ulcers and heartburn.
There are amino acids that can also help heal the stomach lining.
Collagen can help promote better digestion because it helps the intestines break down proteins and carbohydrates, and collagen can help food move through your gastrointestinal system more effectively.
When you take collagen peptides, some research shows collagen synthesis plays a vital role in healing your intestinal lining. Glutamine is also present in many forms of collagen, which can help heal leaky gut and prevent inflammation in the intestinal wall.
Regarding the Great Lakes gelatin version of collagen, we selected it as one of the best supplements for leaky gut for quite a few reasons. First, it's the collagen product our editor uses daily, combined with coffee, and according to her, it has significantly helped stomach and digestive issues.
Customer reviews of this product say that in addition to helping with digestive and stomach issues, they've found other benefits that may have come from using Great Lakes collagen peptides, including the improved appearance of the skin and more joint flexibility.
Some people feel it's helped them sleep better and promotes hair growth.
May help reduce inflammation in the gut
Slippery elm is a supplement derived from a tree and a must-have for a healthy intestinal tract.
It has a long history of healing and medicinal uses. For example, Native Americans used it in the 19th century to help heal wounds, and they took it by mouth to help with symptoms of colds and the flu. Our best slippery elm supplement is MicroIngredients' Organic Slippery Elm Powder. We like this as one of the best supplements for leaky gut because:
This slippery elm bark supplement comes as a powder, making it relatively easy to absorb and also economical
May help with digestive issues, including inflammation in the gut
Reviews say it helps with recovery from winter illnesses and it helps with abdominal pain from various digestive diseases and issues
Users say it has a neutral smell and taste and dissolves easily
Slippery elm supplements are not only among the best supplements for leaky gut, but slippery elm has other possible health benefits as well. For example, slippery elm is sometimes used as a supplement to help with diarrhea, cough, acid reflux, constipation, and certain skin conditions.
Slippery elm contains something called mucilage, a substance that becomes like a gel when mixed with water.
This helps coat the throat, mouth, stomach, and intestines, which is why some people feel it helps with leaky gut and symptoms of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.
There is some evidence that slippery elm might also help with stress and anxiety, and there are links between slippery elm and breast cancer prevention.
Slippery elm supplements are derived from the tree's inner bark, which can be dried and powdered so that it can be added to a variety of different types of supplements.
Regarding how to use slippery help to help with leaky gut and gut health, the specifics can vary, but it's usually recommended to take around one to two teaspoons of powdered slippery elm. You can potentially take higher doses as well, and there don't tend to be a lot of known side effects from slippery elm.
Many people will mix warm or hot water with slippery elm powder.
Based on antidotal reviews from users on Amazon, with the Microingredients organic slippery elm product, benefits include reducing nausea and abdominal pain, improvements with acid reflux, and freedom from symptoms of IBS and similar conditions. This particular product has many five-star reviews.
Zinc supplementation may help reduce intestinal permeability which is linked to leaky gut
Zinc is a valuable nutrient that helps the immune system, and zinc is also used by the body to make specific proteins, plus it's valuable for wound healing.
Our favorite zinc supplement is the Garden of Life Zinc vitamin with vitamin C. We generally feel Garden of Life offers high-quality products, and we like this zinc supplement because:
Zinc supplementation has been shown in research studies to help resolve intestinal permeability in people with Crohn's disease
This particular zinc supplement is one of the best supplements for leaky gut because it also contains the RAW veggie mineral blend, which is a combination of 17 vegetables and 75 trace minerals
Includes 100% of the DV of calcium as well as 200% of your DV of zinc
Includes no binders or fillers, and it may help with immune system function
When it comes to the best supplements for leaky gut and the best supplements for healing leaky gut, zinc has to be included.
Zinc is a nutrient we all need for optimal health.
Zinc is used to heal wounds, it helps the immune system fight off bacteria and viruses, and it's needed to make proteins. Zinc is found in foods like oysters, red meat, shellfish, beans, and nuts, but not everyone consumes enough of these foods to get an adequate amount of zinc.
Zinc may help reduce symptoms and duration of diarrhea, may help combat infections, and zinc may help prevent or slow the development of certain degenerative eye conditions.
Research shows it reduces intestinal permeability in people with Crohn's. That study was from 2001, and there was research in 2015 that indicated zinc might help change the tight junctions of the lining of the intestines, which could reduce gut permeability.
Research shows berberine may have positive effects similar to pharmaceutical drugs
Berberine is a lesser-known gut health supplement for some people, but it positively affects the gut microbiome.
Berberine may also have other health benefits, such as the ability to help lower blood pressure and promote weight loss. Our selection for the best berberine extract is from Toniq. We like this berberine supplement because:
This berberine supplement is excellent for helping heal leaky gut, and this particular version is 97% standardized purity
82x concentrated extract for maximum potency
Since it is a pure product, it has more bioavailability, meaning you're going to get the maximum effects from this supplement
In customer reviews of the Toniq berberine, customers say it's the best berberine they've ever used, and it's significantly helped them with their digestive issues and regulation of blood sugar levels
Berberine may not be the most widely known supplement in terms of name recognition, but it can bring powerful health benefits.
For example, evidence suggests berberine can reduce blood sugar, improve cardiovascular health, and help with weight loss. In some studies and for some purposes, berberine is as powerful as pharmaceutical drugs.
Berberine is considered an alkaloid and was long used in traditional Chinese healing and medicine, but science has taken a look at its benefits in modern times as well.
When you take a berberine supplement, it is transported into your bloodstream and then to your cells, where it binds to specific molecules and changes how they function.
This is how pharmaceutical drugs work, as well. One study from Chinese researchers indicated that berberine could have therapeutic benefits for different chronic diseases, including certain cancers, heart diseases, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers concluded that berberine could be part of successfully treating chronic diseases.
One of berberine's many impressive benefits may be its ability to help with digestive health, along with a slew of other potential positive effects on your health.
Berberine can help combat harmful microbes and, in some cases, perhaps even better than antibiotics.
Berberine can uniquely target harmful organisms, including in the gut, but leave the healthy and productive bacteria alone.
Berberine, for example, can promote the presence of Akkermansia muciniphillia, a beneficial gut bacteria. This bacteria plays a critical role in protecting the intestines from damage. The more of this particular bacteria, the lower the risk of chronic inflammation and metabolic syndrome.
A gut bacteria called Bifidobacterium, which reduces the absorption of toxins in the gut and inflammation, can be increased with berberine.
Berberine, along with helping with leaky gut, may help with various inflammatory bowel diseases. In a recent animal study, researchers also looked at using a berberine supplement in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The berberine helped reduce changes in the intestinal mucus of the rats studied.
Berberine is a safe supplement; a typical dosage is around 500 mg, taken three times a day before meals. However, as with any supplement, speak to your doctor if you are on a medication to lower your blood sugar.
Curcumin is an excellent all-around anti-inflammatory substance
Curcumin is the primary active ingredient in turmeric. Curcumin has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in reducing gut inflammation, and it may prove helpful for people with different digestive disorders, including leaky gut. Our pick for the best turmeric curcumin supplement for leaky gut is from Bio Schwartz.
This form of turmeric curcumin has Bioperine, which helps improve absorption significantly—without Bioperine, curcumin isn't very bioavailable in the human body
Gluten and allergen-free formulation and non-GMO ingredients
95% standardized curcuminoids per serving, which is one of the highest potency options available
Reviews say it's helped people with pain from conditions such as fibromyalgia and other chronic conditions
If there's one supplement that maybe everyone wants to have in their arsenal of natural health products, it's the curcumin in turmeric.
Among being one of the best supplements to take for leaky gut, curcumin has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Curcumin is one of the curcuminoids in turmeric. Curcuminoids are compounds, and turmeric has a long history in cooking and medicine.
Since curcumin is poorly absorbed into the bloodstream, it's best to have black pepper with it. Black pepper contains something called piperine, a natural substance that can improve the body's absorption of curcumin by up to 2,000%. Bioperine is the black pepper-derived compound that helps with absorption in the above-recommended turmeric supplement. Anytime you choose a turmeric or curcumin supplement, look for one with piperine or Bioperine. Curcumin is also fat-soluble, so some people take it with a fatty meal to improve absorption.
Researchers believe chronic inflammation can play a role in nearly every chronic disease common in western society.
Since curcumin has strong anti-inflammatory properties, it can be helpful in different ways. Curcumin can have the same powerful effects as some anti-inflammatory drugs minus the side effects.
Curcumin can also block something called NF-kB. NF-kB is a molecule that travels to cells and is believed to activate inflammation-related genes. It's also believed that NF-kB is part of many chronic diseases' development.
A review of scientific studies of curcumin found it has the potential to be used to treat many gastrointestinal diseases.
In a separate study, curcumin was shown to help improve intestinal barrier function and the organization of the so-called tight junctions that play a pivotal role in intestinal permeability.
One of the reasons curcumin may be so beneficial for digestive disorders, including leaky gut, is because when our body absorbs it, it tends to concentrate primarily in the gut. This allows it to help decrease gut inflammation and promote intestinal barrier health.
If you're starting your search for the best supplements for leaky gut, turmeric or curcumin can be a good starting point.
Glutamine is a powerful supplement to help repair stomach lining since it's an amino acid.
L-glutamine is also sometimes just called glutamine. This supplement is an amino acid to support gut health and helps promote healthier intestinal barrier function.
Amino acids are the primary building blocks of protein in our body. Our pick for the best glutamine supplement for leaky gut is from Optimum Nutrition.
These muscle recovery capsules are affordable and rank as Amazon's best-seller among nutritional supplements.
This glutamine supplement includes 240 capsules in the package, so you're getting a good deal with these, and they're going to last you for quite some time
They're highly concentrated, and each capsule has one gram of pure L-glutamine
Many reviewers say they feel glutamine has helped them in several ways, including for leaky gut and other digestive issues and indigestion issues
Glutamine is also suitable for helping you stick with a healthy diet because it can alleviate cravings for sweets
Glutamine, according to research, plays an essential role in digestion, absorption, and secretion in the gastrointestinal system. L-glutamine, as the most abundant amino acid in the body, plays an integral role in what's described as mucosal integrity.
During trauma, such as following surgery, the consumption of glutamine in the small bowel often happens faster than its production rate.
That's why glutamine is often used to help people following surgery, certain illnesses, or even as a supplement during chemotherapy to protect the tissues in the body. The FDA approves glutamine as a prescription treatment for sickle cell disease. People with severe burns often receive glutamine through a feeding tube to help reduce the risk of developing infections.
Some research shows that glutamine can prevent the movement of bacteria out of the intestine so that they can't go into other parts of the body following significant injuries.
Even beyond the many potential physical benefits of glutamine, it's also being looked at for its psychological benefits. For example, there is some evidence that a glutamine supplement could help with symptoms of anxiety and depression, although more research needs to be done on the topic.
L-glutamine can help support the integrity of the gut barrier, and it has other benefits. For example, glutamine can help stabilize blood sugar levels and promote optimal function of the pancreas.
Boswellia is a powerful inflammation fighter and it may help reduce symptoms of autoimmune disorders.
Boswellia is an extract from the resin of a treat that grows natively in India and the Middle East.
Boswellia is also known as Indian frankincense and has potentially fantastic health benefits. Our pick for the best Boswellia supplement on Amazon is a powdered version from Microingredients.
Boswellia powder offers versatility in how you use it—for example, you can mix it into teas or smoothies, take it with a tablespoon of oil to help with absorption, or you can make your capsules
Boswellia powder tends to have a higher concentration and be more quickly absorbed than other forms
Boswellia is a powerful inflammation fighter, and it can reduce free radical damage in the body
Boswellia can interfere with the development of autoimmune diseases because it's believed to help control the production of antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins
Boswellia comes from a tree, and it's frequently used in Indian Ayurveda medicine. Also called Indian Frankincense, it's used for various conditions in traditional medicine, including abdominal pain, rheumatoid arthritis, joint pain, and sometimes even to help with cancer symptoms.
Boswellia is believed to be incredibly beneficial for health because it has compounds that regulate the immune system.
For example, Boswellia might help regulate lymphocytes and white blood cells and regulate the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. It may also help interfere with the production of cytokines, which can raise inflammation in the body.
According to a study published in the Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology, Boswellia extract can help treat the pain that comes with osteoarthritis
For people who receive holistic cancer care in addition to their conventional medical care, Boswellia is often used.
Some evidence suggests Boswellia can help target cancer cells while retaining healthy ones. There may be links between Boswellia and anti-cancer effects, particularly brain, breast, colon, prostate, stomach, and pancreatic cancers.
Boswellia may help reduce the effects of chemotherapy for people going through cancer treatment also. In a small study, participants taking 400 mg of Boswellia three times a day for six weeks reduced inflammatory bowel disease symptoms. Boswellia might also help with migraines and cluster headaches.
For people with ulcerative colitis, some research shows that Boswellia can induce remission in anywhere from 70 to 80% of people.
As far as autoimmune diseases go, Boswellia can help with chronic bowel diseases, asthma, and arthritis. It appears to control the production of antibodies made by the immune system, and that's how it's thought to help with autoimmune disorder symptoms.
In one study, Boswellia was shown to protect the intestinal barrier from oxidative and inflammatory damage, which is one key reason it can be valuable as one of the best supplements for leaky gut.
Final Thoughts—The Best Supplements for Leaky Gut
The above supplements may be good for leaky gut, but many of them have a host of other benefits, including various chronic diseases. We encourage you to research the best supplements for leaky gut, and as always, if you have questions or concerns, consult with a medical professional.
Some other leaky gut supplements to consider include vitamin D and probiotic supplements to help promote good bacteria.
Besides trying supplements for leaky gut, consider changing your diet, which will also support a healthy gut microbiome. You can have gut-healing foods and healthy fats and work towards eliminating low-nutrition processed foods.
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text:
Q: How Can I add an API Key to a JS AJAX Request? I've been accessing an API via cURL on the command line. In attempting to convert this to javascript, I've had issues.
The code below functions correctly within the command line:
curl -X GET --header "Accept: application/json" --header "Api-Key: vZKoJwFB1PTJnozKBSANADc3" "https://api.commonstandardsproject.com/api/v1/jurisdictions"

The following is the attempted javascript conversion:
var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
    if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
            alert(this.responseText);
    }
    };
xhttp.open("GET", "https://api.commonstandardsproject.com/api/v1/jurisdictions", true);
xhttp.setRequestHeader("Api-Key", "vZKoJwFB1PTJnozKBSANADc3");
xhttp.setRequestHeader("Accept", "application/json");
xhttp.send();

Error messages return a basic 401 error, ostensibly indicating some issue with my input of the Api-Key. Have I made any noticeable errors? Thanks for the help.


We are here to help you choose the right remote control led lights. Thanks to our remote control led lights buying guide, you will be able to pick the best model on the market.
We have been working for many hours to make this buying guide. Our team thoroughly compared many remote control led lights from the marketplace to find the best products. Review score, material, brand, weight, and many other specifications were taken into consideration. However, if you still think that there is a way to make our guide better — contact us and share your ideas.
Ip 65 waterproof rate: the led led strip covered with silicon, waterproof, don t worry the water or moist damage the led light, and safety even touch it. Flexible size: the led flexible strip ligtht total length 2m/6.56ft. And every 1 led for one set, could be cut off along the cutting line to meet your different size requirement and can t damage the light. Indispensable home decor: it is a best solution for home decoration at holiday, party, wedding. The smaller battery box lightweight to portable or decorate anywhere you desired. Battery power supply: the led strip lights driven by 3, aa battery(not include), easy to find a new one to replace. And with on/off switch on the back, easy install and convenient for decorate anywhere.
17 keys better control system: the latest led strip lights with 20 different dynamic modes 20 different colors static mode, and a common demo mode.5 level dynamic speed adjust, and 5 level brightness adjust, and 7 colors static quick adjustment keys, it flexible meet your expectations of adjusting the lights quickly, smoothly. The maximum control distance is up to 10m.
Full warranty – if you're not completely satisfied with your purchase simply let USA know and you'll be offered a full refund or replacement, no questions asked. Enjoy this absolutely risk free purchase today by clicking the yellow 'add to cart button"' above. Applications – battery powered led strip lights decorate your indoor and outdoor space, such as dining room, living room, bedroom, washroom, bar counter, garden, car, bike, outdoor tent, etc, the smaller battery box is lightweight to portable, can decorate anywhere you want. Rf remote controller – you can adjust the color, brightness, flashing speed, and kinds of scene modes from any angle. The max control distance is 49ft. Installation and usage – powered by 3xaa battery (not included), could be cut off along the cutting line to meet your different size requirement, very easy to install, super adhesive backing tape; suitable for most surfaces.
Waterproof ratin – ip65 (only with light, excluding other accessories), can be drenched, but please don't put it in the water, surface covered with silicone for safe touch.
What warranty should a remote control led lights have?
We highly recommend you to buy remote control led lightsfrom brands that offer prolonged warranty. If something goes wrong and your remote control led lights breaks down, you will be able to repair it without spending a single penny. Most companies offer a two-year warranty for their products.
Reliable brand: since 2013, homestarry has developed into one of the most popular brands in decorative lights category. Guaranteed by ce certification, and you will get 12-month warranty and 24/7 customer support. Ip44 waterproof: ip44 waterproof works for all parts and in all weather conditions. Avoid placing the battery case under water to make it more durable. Handy remote: 8 modes and 10 brightness levels to create ideal ambiance; lights will keep 6 hours on 18 hours off automatically once timer activated. Toungh strands: ultra-thin but sturdy silver wire are easily to bend into any shape, wrap around any item and nearly invisible wherever.
What exactly did you take into consideration while making the list of the best remote control led lights?
We considered so many factors that it is nearly impossible to tell you about all of them. Believe us, we did not forget about anything. Price, material, user score, and other characteristics of remote control led lightswere used to create this TOP list. We tried our best to help you choose the best remote control led lights!
Safe: this string lights are low working voltage (only 5v 1a) to ensure safe usage. The insulated copper wire keeps the lights at a low temperature so they are safe to touch without risk of burns after many hours of use. The led starry lights are safe for children and pets. 24 key remoto controal: 16 different colors to choice and different brightness levels change; 4 different model: flash/strobe/fade/smooth. Just one press will get your favorite color and light mode. Multicolor led string lights: 16 individual colors for choosing-rgb, white led, pink, yellow, blue, green and so on. Each color can shine individually. Choose any color you like by pressing the corresponding color button on the remote. Ip44 waterproof: waterproof feature works for all parts and in all conditions, avoid placing the battery pack under water can make it more endurable.
Quality battery case: powered by 3 aa batteries which make these hanging lights led wire lights are suitable for all event; the fixed switch on the battery pack makes it available to use outdoor or indoor with or without the remote.
What should be my main choice criteria when buying a remote control led lights?
As you might have guessed, the weight of a remote control led lights is one of the main factor to consider. Another important aspects is its material. If the remote control led lights is assembled well, it will serve you for many years.
Safety certified: all parts are ip44 water-resistant and work well even in rainy days, perfect your outdoor decoration. Battery case built with premium pvc materials and facilitated with smart temperature control, works with only 4.5 voltage. Fcc and ce certification ensure complete protection for you. Versatile remote: handy remote offers options of 16 unique colors.5 brightness levels.4 lighting modes and timer mode. Flexible and sturdy: 4-strand silver wires provide good flexibility. Easily twist fairy lights into any shape to create dreamy ambiance for any occasion, lighting up bedroom, garden, wedding, parties, christmas tree.
16-color changing fairy lights: sprinkle your decor with aa battery powered lights, easily customize illumination. Brighten your mood, make space shine with glittering led lights. Hassle-free warranty: all products sold by asmader come with 12-month warranty and friendly customer service. Tips: different color options work with different voltages, it is normal if some options will not work, replacing brand new battery will fix this issue.
How expensive should a good remote control led lights be?
The best remote control led lightsare not always the most expensive. However, the bigger the price is — the better the quality of a product. This rule is also applies to remote control led lights, so if you want to get a good model we recommend you to not be too stingy.
How to get a refund for a remote control led lights?
Most of the time seller will return your money without any trouble. If you received a malfunctioning remote control led lights, you will easily get a refund or a replacement. Nonetheless, if you value your time, we highly recommend you to thoroughly check the item's description before making a purchase.
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Our site is one of the safest place to buy remote control led lights. It has detailed descriptions for all available remote control led lightsand offers a money back guarantee if you get a wrong or broken item. There are no reasons to worry!


text:
APA Family Mourns the Passing of Co-Founder and Billiard Hall of Famer Larry Hubbart
This article posted by Paul on August 23, 2013 | Share on Facebook! | Tweet This
LAKE SAINT LOUIS, MO (August 23, 2013) — The APA network is sad to report the passing of APA Co-Founder and Billiard Hall of Famer Larry Hubbart. Hubbart, passed away on August 22 at his home after a long battle with various health issues. Hubbart leaves behind his wife, Nancy, six children, eight grandchildren and countless family and friends.
Originally from Rochester, N.Y., Hubbart was one of the top professional poolplayers of his era during the late 70s and early 80s, winning numerous titles including the 1976 U.S. Open 8-Ball Championship, 1977 World 9-Ball Championship and the 1979 World 8-Ball Championship.
He will best be remembered however for bringing countless amateurs to the sport of pool through the APA Leagues. In the late 70s, Hubbart teamed with partner Terry Bell, to establish the vision for the APA Pool Leagues. That vision lead to an organization that today boasts more than a quarter-million active members and hosts the world's largest pool tournament.
"We're all extremely saddened by Larry's passing. He was a great man who was dedicated to his family, his business and to the sport of pool. Larry fought a very courageous battle the past few years, and we hope he has finally found some peace. Our prayers go out to Nancy and the entire Hubbart family," said APA President Renee Lyle.
Hubbart's last public appearance came in October 2010, when he and Bell were inducted in into the Billiard Hall of Fame.
It was perhaps the crowning achievement for a life devoted to the sport of pool.
The APA, based in Lake Saint Louis, Mo., sanctions the world's largest amateur pool league, known as the APA Pool League throughout the United States, and as the Canadian Pool League in Canada. Nearly 270,000 members compete in weekly 8-Ball and 9‑Ball League play. The APA is generally recognized as the Governing Body of Amateur Pool, having established the official rules, championships, formats and handicap systems for the sport of amateur billiards.
The APA produces three major tournaments each year—the APA National Team Championships, the APA National Singles Championships and the U.S. Amateur Championship—that, together, pay out nearly $1.5 Million in cash and prizes annually!
The APA and its championships are sponsored by Aramith, Action Cues and PoolDawg.
For more information on the American Poolplayers Association, visit www.poolplayers.com.


I ordered an 8 hour, extended life battery for my Dell Studio from BatteryNerds. It was supposed to be a new battery. When I got the package from them, the static-free bag that contained the battery had been opened. Not sure now if the battery is really new or used. I fully charged the battery and upon first use, got 3.5 hours. The computer is set to provide the longest possible battery life, using Dell's extended battery life settings. After letting it drain to 7% remaining, I again fully charged the battery, only to get 3.5 hours again. I filed a trouble ticket with Batterynerds.com and for over a week now, NO response. I tried to get onto their sales live chat, NO response. Don't use these people unless you want to get ripped off.


Shopping for the perfect baby gift for your child or your friend's child might be difficult as you have to sort through the clutter whether you are shopping in stores or online. If you don't have a close relationship with the child you are shopping for, it is advisable that you consult the parents first as you don't have a track of the development of the baby. This article will present the best 5 baby gifts that will impress your child and in the next article, we'll discuss baby shower food platters for you!
This puppy not only entertains your child but it also present a chance for a child to learn various sounds, words, and music. It responds to a slight tough by the baby with a word, a sound, or music. The laugh and learn puppy is a good way to teach your various phrases, body parts, counting, colors, and letters. The Laugh and learn puppy has the following properties.
This machine is 100 percent made of polyester which makes it soft and snuggly. Cloud-b Sound Machine is designed to produce soothing noises which help your child to sleep. The machine helps to create a familiar and comfortable environment for child anywhere as the background noises are blocked by the soothing noises produced by the machine. This functionality makes this machine the best accessory for travel as it helps to keep your child comfortable. The machine has the following properties.
It has bold patterns, contains rattle beads and a variety of bright colors which captures and keeps the attention of the child. The Sassy Bumpy Ball does not cost much which is proof that you can get a quality gift for your kid without having to spend a lot of money. Sassy Bumpy Ball has the following properties.
Introducing your child to the world of learning is always advisable especially through music and motion. VTech Learning Walker has five piano keys which help to promote the creativity of the baby for instance through imaginative telephone play. It has the following properties.
Babbybabies Blanket is made up of components which are super soft which make it ideal for small children who are still in their motor skills development stage. The soft materials help to keep the baby comfortable. BubbyBabies Blanket holds up through snuggling because of its tightly stitched seams. It has the following properties.


text:
Q: Array of pointers to char * in c using qsort While adding string to my pointer's array, it is being overwriten by the last one. Could anyone tell me, where's my mistake?
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main (){
int ile = 3;
const char * slowa[ile];
for(int j = 0; j < ile; j++){
    char string[30];
    gets(string);
    slowa[j] = string;
    printf ("%s dodalem pierwsza\n",string);
}
for (int i = 0; i < ile; i++) {
    printf ("%s numer %d\n",slowa[i],i);
}
return 0;
}

A: The answer is in the following two lines of code:
char string[30];
...
slowa[j] = string;

The assignment sets slowa[j] to the address of the same buffer, without making a copy. Hence, the last thing that you put in the buffer would be referenced by all elements of slowa[] array, up to position of j-1.
In order to fix this problem, make copies before storing values in slowa. You can use non-standard strdup, or use malloc+strcpy:
char string[30];
gets(string);
slowa[j] = malloc(strlen(string)+1);
strcpy(slowa[j], string);

In both cases you need to call free on all elements of slowa[] array to which you have assigned values in order to avoid memory leaks.

A: You're always pointing to array of chars which is stack variable it's locally allocated only in scope of function, possibly each declaration of string will be on the same address as previous iteration in your loop. You could either instead of using array of chars allocate memory each loop iteration or use array and then using i.e strdup allocate memory for your new string like
slowa[j] = strdup(string) :

A: As others have said, you need to create copies of the strings, otherwise you set the strings to the same address, and therefore they just overwrite each other.
Additionally, I think using fgets over gets is a much safer approach. This is because gets is very prone to buffer overflow, whereas with fgets, you can easily check for buffer overflow.
This is some code I wrote a while ago which is similar to what you are trying to achieve:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define PTRS 3
#define STRLEN 30

int
string_cmp(const void *a, const void *b) {
    const char *str1 = *(const char**)a;
    const char *str2 = *(const char**)b;
    return strcmp(str1, str2);
}

int
main(void) {
    char *strings[PTRS];
    char string[STRLEN];
    int str;
    size_t len, i = 0;

    while (i < PTRS) {

        printf("Enter a string: ");
        if (fgets(string, STRLEN, stdin) == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", "Error reading string");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }

        len = strlen(string);

        if (string[len-1] == '\n') {
            string[len-1] = '\0';
        } else {
            break;
        }

        strings[i] = malloc(strlen(string)+1);
        if (strings[i] == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", "Cannot malloc string");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }

        strcpy(strings[i], string);

        i++;
    }

    qsort(strings, i, sizeof(*strings), string_cmp);

    printf("\nSuccessfully read strings(in sorted order):\n");
    for (str = 0; str < i; str++) {
        printf("strings[%d] = %s\n", str, strings[str]);
        free(strings[str]);
        strings[str] = NULL;
    }

    return 0;
}


text:
Joint NGO Statement at the 2nd Special Session of WIPO's SCCR
By Robin Gross|2015-07-01T01:01:20+00:00June 20th, 2007|
We call upon WIPO delegates to reject the proposed WIPO Broadcast Treaty. After more than 9 years of discussions, efforts to find a treaty formulation that deals with piracy of broadcast signals, but which does not harm copyright owners and the legitimate users of broadcasts have failed.
Joint Statement from NGOs and Tech Industry to US Delegation at WIPO on Broadcast Treaty
By Robin Gross|2015-05-14T21:14:49+00:00May 8th, 2007|
Statement Concerning WIPO Broadcast Treaty Provided by Information Technology, Consumer Electronics and Telecommunications Industries Representatives, Public Interest Organizations, and Creative Community Representatives: The undersigned represent a broad and diverse group, united in common concern that the WIPO Treaty on the Protection of Broadcasts and Broadcasting Organizations could harm important economic and public policy interests. Members of this group submitted a statement in connection with a forum held at the USPTO on September 5, 2006, and the issues identified in that earlier statement largely remain relevant. This Statement dated May 9, 2007 offers preliminary comments regarding the Chair's "Non-paper on the WIPO Treaty on the Protection of Broadcasting Organizations" issued by WIPO on May 1, 2007. .....
IPJ Intervention Statement at WIPO Broadcasting Treaty Negotiation
By Robin Gross|2015-07-03T01:17:56+00:00January 18th, 2007|
... Intellectual property rights can foster economic and social development. The Broadcast Treaty in its current form will not help to reach these aims and does not, in our understanding, comply with the decision of the 2006 General Assembly.
Tech-Industry & NGO Joint Statement on WIPO Broadcast Treaty
The undersigned organisations represent a broad set of constituencies with a direct interest in the discussions underway regarding an international instrument relating to broadcasting. Whilst we remain unconvinced that a treaty is necessary at all – and note that no convincing evidence has been presented that new international norms are required in this area – we do believe that a focussed, signal-protection-based Instrument to prevent piracy could be valuable. ...
Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) Letter to US Govt. on WIPO Broadcast Treaty
By Robin Gross|2015-06-17T02:11:18+00:00December 22nd, 2006|
The Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) appreciates the efforts of the U.S. Delegation to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to advance a signal-theft-based approach in the negotiations on the WIPO Treaty on the Protection of Broadcasts and Broadcasting Organizations, and urges you to continue to work to ensure that any WIPO broadcasting treaty does not impede the ability of the world's consumers to benefit from developments in home and personal network technologies. ....
IP Justice and Others Sign Letter to US Govt. to Request Public Meeting on WIPO Broadcast Treaty
By Robin Gross|2015-05-15T01:07:10+00:00December 1st, 2006|
The undersigned public interest organizations wish to request a public and recordable meeting with the US delegation to WIPO before the Special Session of the World Intellectual Property Organization's Standing Committee on Copyright and Related Rights (SCCR), First Session January 17, 2007 to January 19, 2007 (Geneva, Switzerland). The undersigned respectfully request that the USPTO or/and the Library of Congress (LOC) invite formal public comments on the proposal to create a new International Treaty obligation establishing a novel intellectual property regime for broadcasting and cablecasting organizations, through the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). We believe it is important to have public comments on the impact on U.S. law and affected constituencies if the U.S. or any other country were to ratify a new WIPO Treaty embodying that proposal.
IP Justice's Top 10 Reasons to Reject the WIPO Broadcast Treaty
1. Eliminates the public domain. 2. Creates obligations that drastically exceed international standards. 3. Chills freedom of expression similarly to U.S. Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). 4. Threatens to regulate Internet transmissions of media. Read more .....
IP Justice Statement at WIPO 42nd General Assembly
"IP Justice strongly recommends, that Member States decide against convening a Diplomatic Conference to draft a Broadcast Treaty. At the 15th Session of the SCCR several Member States made clear their objection against moving forward based on the draft proposal. The SCCR Chairman's decision to convene a diplomatic conference is premature and lacks the consensus necessary for legitimate democratic law-making. ..."
Public Interest Groups Request to US Govt. to Oppose WIPO Broadcast Treaty DipConf
By Robin Gross|2015-05-15T02:50:09+00:00September 22nd, 2006|
IP Justice signed on to a letter to the US Delegation at WIPO. Other signatories to the letter are the American Association of Law Libraries, American Library Association Association of Research Libraries, CDT, CPTech, Consumers Union, EFF, Free Press, Media Access Project, Medical Library Association, Public Knowledge, Special Libraries Association, and U.S. PIRG
Un Steamrolls Member States, Insists on Controversial Broadcast Treaty: WIPO to Outlaw Internet Transmissions of Cable and TV Programs
IP Justice Report: Outcome of WIPO Broadcast Treaty Meeting Leaves Member States Unhappy