Thermodynamic irreversible process is defined as the process in which the changes take place rapidly, instead of occurring in successive stages with infinitesimal changes in quantities so that the system does not get a chance to attain equilibrium and there is an appreciable difference between the driving and the opposing force.
I have some problems in understanding it.
Which equilibrium are they speaking of?
Why does rapidity of the change cannot help it to attain equilibrium (how does an infinitesimal change in a reversible process help it to reach equilibrium)?
What does they want to mean by driving and opposing force?
An irreversible process is one in which the net entropy generation term is greater than zero.
All real processes are irreversible. The "process speed" comes into play when we want to make approximations for idealized systems. It turns out that one way to convert a process into a theoretically reversible one is to set the condition that it moves very slowly between thermodynamic states, so that at any given step, it is in equilibrium. The reason that this isn't a good definition for a reversible process is that there are cases where a rapid change is reversible, and cases where a very slow change is irreversible. It's just that in general use, the "very slow process" approximation is commonly used to obtain a reversible process.
This is an example of an internal equilibrium - the particles cannot cross the system boundary, but they can reach an equilibrium within the system. An example of a system in equilibrium with its surroundings would be a container filled with water at room temperature - there are no thermal gradients across the container boundary.
Why does rapidity of the change prevent it from attaining equilibrium (how does an infinitesimal change in a reversible process help it to reach equilibrium)?
Whenever a system is perturbed, meaning moved away from an equilibrium state, it takes some amount of time to reach a new equilibrium. This amount of time is called the relaxation time. Different systems have different relaxation times, and if you make changes quickly enough, the system won't have time to relax, and therefore won't be in equilibrium. Using a piston in a cylinder as an example, if you compress the piston by a very small amount, then the pressure inside will be in equilibrium with the pressure outside almost immediately.
What do they mean by driving and opposing force?
Using the piston as an example again, in this case the driving force would be the external pressure on the piston. The opposing force would be the pressure of the gas inside the cylinder. For a very slow process, at any given time the outside pressure and inside pressure would be the same - the volume would change to make sure this is true. For a very rapid change, the gas inside the cylinder would take longer to reach equilibrium, and so the pressure outside would not equal the pressure inside - the driving and opposing forces would not be equal.
It is important to remember that these are approximations that are intended to allow us to convert really difficult (usually unsolvable) differential equations that describe non-equilibrium or dynamic systems into something that is solvable. The trade-off is that we go from a realistic, fully dynamic system to one with constraints - we treat it like a series of tiny jumps between systems that are in equilibrium. In many cases, these approximations don't affect the accuracy of the solution. However, whether or not it will is determined by the time scale of the change relative to the relaxation time of the system.
I'll try and somehow answer this backwards.
3) Driving and opposing forces: Each process is driven by some kind of 'force' (please do not understand 'force' in the traditional physical sense; it's more of 'reasoning, why something would want to do something'). For example, when having a saturated sodium chloride solution, the sodium and chloride ions that are still bound in their ion structure in the precipitate would like to dissolve, the driving force being the increase of global entropy by a greater disorder of the entire system.
On the other hand, every process also has an opposing force, that attempts to force the process back into its original state. In the case of the saturated sodium chloride solution, the opposing force would probably be something along the lines of releasing water molecules out of a solvation shell, and thereby increasing local entropy.
Finally, for an (essentially) irreversible process, like the reaction of hydrogen and chlorine to form hydrogen chloride gas: This is a radical chain reaction. For each reaction step (formation of chlorine radicals, homolytic cleavage of hydrogen by a chlorine radical to form hydrogen chloride and a hydrogen radical, homolytic cleavage of chlorine by a hydrogen radical to form hydrogen chloride and a chlorine radical, and finally radical recombination in whichever combination) there are of course driving and opposing forces. However, the driving force is usually much stronger than the opposing force. For example, while it is energetically favourable to cleave a chlorine molecule with a hydrogen radical to form hydrogen chloride and a chlorine radical, a chlorine radical would never attack hydrogen chloride to liberate a hydrogen radical as HCl is far more stable than either hydrogen or chlorine.
2) The smaller and less rapid a change happens—in our case, dissolving one pair of sodium and chloride is a very small change—the easier it is to just go the other way. If a change is 'rapid' (I don't really like the word here, but I'm not good enough to find a better one), then obviously the driving force is stronger than the opposing force, creating a bias towards the product side.
1) Any process can be understood as a dynamic one, with the change happening in both forward and backward direction. So even if you were to burn methane—clearly an irreversible process—you can still consider very minute quantities of carbon dioxide and water recombining to form a methane molecule or two (and oxygen). You won't, however, observe a proper equilibrium between methane/oxygen and carbon dioxide/water.
So while reversible processes are always at equilibrium between one side and the other side, irreversible processes are shifted so far to one side, that it doesn't really make sense to define an equilibrium for them, i.e. they 'do not get a chance to attain equilibrium'.


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Tag Archives: RJD2
VIDEO: RJD2's "Descended From Myth"
Posted on January 14, 2014 by John Book
More Is Than Isn't (RJ's Electrical Connections) is the latest album from RJD2 and he has decided to get heady again with his new video for the song "Descended From Myth". If you'd like to hear music from the album and other tracks throughout his career, and whatever he feels like throwing into the mix at any given time, RJD2 will be going on tour at the end of the month. It will be a treat for the audience and a treat for him to create some good music for you. He'll also be appearing at this year's Moogfest in Asheville, North Carolina at the end of April so plan ahead.
January 31-February 1… Denver, CO (Bluebird Theater)
February 8… Lancaster, PA (Chameleon Club)
February 15… Austin, TX (Empire Garage)
February 21… Philadelphia, PA (Union Transfer)
February 23… Washington, DC (9:30 Club)
March 1… Wichita, KS (The Crown Uptown)
March 8… Tampa, FL (Gasparilla Music Festival)
April 23-27… Asheville, NC (Moogfest)
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Posted in Video | Tagged electronica, hip-hop, instrumental hip-hop, RJD2 | Leave a comment
AUDIO: RJD2 featuring J-Live's "Her Majesty's Socialist Request (Candy Panther Remix)"
Posted on September 10, 2013 by John Book
Satisfaction guaranteed here in this remix by Candy Panther of RJD2's "Her Majesty's Socialist Request", and when you add the great J-Live into the mix, how can it not be good? You may want to sit and calm yourself down after hearing this.
http://emailunlock.com/officialrjd2/her-majestys-socialist/widget
Posted in MP3, Music News | Tagged Candy Panther, hip-hop, J-Live, RJD2 | Leave a comment
VIDEO: Ivan Ives' "8mm"
Ivan Ives has been getting a buzz for the last six years, and it has lead to this fruition known as "8mm". We're not talking about guns here, but about looking through old school 8mm film cameras. As someone who had parents who used a super 8, and who has fooled around with the camera, the video (shot by Ives) definitely has that 8mm feel but in this case, he used an 8mm app to give it that grainy and worn out feel. Also giving the track a warm, grainy, and worn out feel: producer RJD2. When I say the track is "worn out", I mean that it has and can be trusted, and it's RJD2, you can't go wrong there.
Ives will be releasing the Stranger album, which is where "8mm" can be found upon release.
Posted in Video | Tagged hip-hop, Ivan Ives, RJD2 | Leave a comment
REVIEW: Foreign Exchange presents "+FE Music: The Reworks"
The new Foreign Exchange album is not a "Foreign Exchange" proper album, although it could very well be an extension of what Foreign Exchange have established over the years. While they're calling it a remix album, +FE Music: The Reworks features not only FE songs but also tracks that various members of the +FE family have done, plus a few cameos from Phonte, a number of remixes from Nicolay, and more. I feel more artists should make a "resume album" this good and this deep.
On one hand, it's a great way to hear new mixes of familiar material, so if you're a fan of Foreign Exchange or Phonte's solo album, you can hear new interpretations of what you like. If Phonte had a special guest spot in something, you may hear it here. While FE has been about the soul with touches of pop, he has a few rap verses on this, for those who still demand what he had offered with Little Brother. All of this makes the album quite good, but then it gets better.
If some feel that soul music in the United States went down the tubes in the last 15 years, one can argue that it has been European artists who have helped to keep it strong, if not alive, at a time when it could have laid itself to rest. I look at Nicolay's remix of Deborah Bond's "Say It" and it reminds me of something I would expect to hear on a 4Hero or Jazzanova album. As for 4Hero, he handles the remix to Zo!'s "Flight Of The Blackbyrd" and with Phonte's sweet vocals helping out in the background, it feels like a project that was… I was going to say "made elsewhere" but perhaps a better phrase would be that it sounds like worldwide music, as if I might catch it in a hot club in Japan as I would somewhere in Germany or France. Nicolay's remix of Vikter Duplaix's "Electric Love" sounds like it has a few purple shades to it, with slight musical hints to Prince's "Let's Pretend We're Married" or Vanity 6's "Drive Me Wild". Hear Duplaix's vocals made me think "the only thing that would make this song better would be background vocals from Clara Hill." Phonte's tracks are all standouts, and hearing these new music will make you ponder on which is the better (or preferred) mix. He has one of the best voices out there, and it doesn't matter if he keeps things mild mannered or breaks out, I like hearing what he does.
+FE Music: The Reworks is soul, it's a club album, it's electronic soul, it's disco, it has the slow jams, and there's more than enough tracks on here deserving of maximum exposure and airplay. This is a double album with close to two hours of music, and it has some grit to it, in that there's substance to what I'm listening to. A part of it reminds me of the music I grew up listening to, but it also sounds like the music I found a liking to while exploring magazines that looked elsewhere for inspiration. What I could not find domestically, I had to hunt for and this sounds like a great accumulation of the many things one would love to hear in an album. It may very well be an assortment of songs but it's put together as if it was a concert performance, a set list for a concert you would feel foolish in missing. Whatever Phonte and Nicolay plan on doing with the Exchange they have organized so far, it has been a very healthy union and one that I hope will continue for many years to come.
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Posted in Music Reviews | Tagged 4Hero, ?uestlove, Amber Strother, Carlitte Durand, CHantae Cann, club, Damaris Fletcher, dance, Darien Brockington, Deborah Bond, disco, electronic soul, electronica, Eric Robertson, Foreign Exchange, hip-hop, Jeanne Jolly, Kenna, Median, Nicolay, Paris, Phonte, Phonte Coleman, Pirahnahead, RJD2, soul, Sy Smith, Tall Black Guy, The Hot At Nights, The Randy Watson Experience, YahZarah, Zo! | Leave a comment
REVIEW: J-Live's "S.P.T.A. (Said Person of That Ability)"
The title says it all, but also suggests a need to look further if you do not know what it means. S.P.T.A. stands for Said Person of That Ability, but is meant to be pronounced as a word: a "spitta", or "spitter", as in someone who spits, as in a rapper. In the last 25 years, as countless rap songs have suggested, a rapper is now a dime a dozen, and the problem is everyone thinks they're a baker when they're just opening up a can of soup and waiting until it boils. The problem with that is they're waiting for a beep, and that soup has boiled over onto the stove. My point is that one of the major things to focus on in the S.P.T.A. equation is "A": ability. A lot of people are able, but having an ability means action or "doing", and someone seeing and hearing your capability. But being capabl… fuck it, here's my review.
S.P.T.A. is an incredible album by J-Live, whom I've been a fan of since the days when it had taken 45 minutes to download an MP3. But away from technology and into the core of the matter is this: J-Live has been consistent in not only in his lyrics and style of speaking, but in who he chooses to represent him musically. He has always dabbled in his productions over the years, this album is no exception, but S.P.T.A. features contributions from Diamond D, Nicolay, RJD2, Marco Polo, The Audible Doctor, and others. Each of these guys produce their music differently from one another, and yet somehow manage to create a unified sound in the spirit of the target, which is J-Live. I know as a producer myself, we all have to claim that we have to put our egos on the side when making tracks for someone else, but the ego/confidence is in how these songs are made and for those who use samples, what sound sources are used. J-Live doesn't have to say "oh yeah, don't hesitate, Illastrate, uh-huh uh-uh", but he allows them to shine. Or at least J-Live didn't tinker with the formulas that the producers offered to him.
Then of course: the lyrics. The cover is a hint of what you'll hear on the album. It's basically J-Live talking to himself, or variations of himself, and at times those conversations get deep. He offers listeners a fan to truly hear what's on his mind, because no one can understand him but him, but these songs are open doors into the logic, wit, humor, and talent of this guy. There's a line in a song where he admits that he does not mind the slow climb in his career, a way of saying he's honored to still be around and that people care enough to want to hear him create and release more music, when others have fallen and crashed in their perceived rise to the top. In the self-produced "Life Comes In Threes", he brings in the musicianship of Rasheeda Ali, Jeff Nania, and Bryan Bryan Brundrge and layers them over a funky and jazzy soundscaps that sounds like he's been in tune with Jazzanova or Shinichi Osawa as of late. Is J-Live suggesting that his career has been in three phases so far, and are we currently in the shirt? All I know is, I'd love to hear more work like this.
All of the songs stand out, but one of my favorites is "Great Expectations", where he discusses what we all go through with everything from romance to wanting to be the best you can be, and realizing that sometimes we have to pop our own bubbles in order to understand reality. The references about rappers who believe in their own self-made hype, but get lost when they're still on top of that balloon that rises in a mental room with no ceiling is very funny and true.
The triad theme of the album comes to a close with "Have A Glass", where it's simply J-Live with Lyric Jones revealing the moral of S.P.T.A., and within all of the verbal games came a story and a lesson or two that'll make you want to play the album a few more times to understand its full strength. While I have come to expect work I value from J-Live, it's also a reminder of how well an album can sound when you know what you're doing, and how to do it.
http://bandcamp.com/EmbeddedPlayer/v=2/album=2300400260/size=venti/bgcol=FFFFFF/linkcol=4285BB/
Posted in Music Reviews | Tagged Diamond D, hip-hop, J-Live, Lyric Jones, Marco Bolo, Nicolay, Rasheeda Ali, RJD2, The Audible Doctor | Leave a comment
SOME STUFF: Dio Dos a/k/a RJD2 prepares to get colossal
Fans have been waiting for new music from RJD2 for awhile, but early next year the wait will come to an end with the release of The Colossus on January 19, 2010. He will be attacking the road with new music and a new show, here are the confirmed tour dates:
Sat. – Jan. 9 – Washington, DC @ 9:30 Club
Sun. – Jan. 10 – Carrboro, NC @ Cat's Cradle
Mon. – Jan. 11 – Charlotte, NC @ Visualite Theater
Tue. – Jan. 12 – Savannah, GA @ Live Wire
Wed. – Jan. 13 – Orlando, FL @ The Social
Thu. – Jan. 14 – Tampa, FL @ Crowbar
Fri. – Jan. 15 – Tallahassee, FL @ Club Downunder
Sat. – Jan. 16 – Atlanta, GA @ Masquerade (Heavan Room)
Sun. – Jan. 17 – Birmingham, AL @ Bottletree
Mon. – Jan. 18 – Chattanooga, TN @ Rhythm and Brews
Tue. – Jan. 19 – Knoxville, TN @ Valarium
Wed. – Jan. 20 – Asheville, NC @ Orange Peel
Thu. – Jan. 21 – Charlottesville, VA @ Jefferson Theatre
Fri. – Jan. 22 – Morgantown, WV @ 123 Pleasant Street
Fri. – Feb. 5 – Columbus, OH @ Sully's Music Diner
Sat. – Feb. 6 – Newport, KY @ Southgate House
Sun. – Feb. 7 – Louisville, KY @ Headliners Music Hall
Mon. – Feb. 8 – Nashville, TN @ Exit In
Tue. – Feb. 9 – Memphis, TN @ Hi-Tone Cafe
Wed. – Feb. 10 – Oxford, MS @ The Lyric Oxford
Thu. – Feb. 11 – New Orleans, LA @ Tipitinas
Fri. – Feb. 12 – Baton Rouge, LA @ Spanish Moon
Sat. – Feb. 13 – Austin, TX @ Emos
Sun. – Feb. 14 – Denton, TX @ Hailey's
Thu. – Feb. 18 – Columbia, MO @ The Blue Note
Fri. – Feb. 19 – Grinnell, IA @ Grinnell College – Harris Center
Sat. – Feb. 20 – Urbana, IL @ Canopy Club
No dates scheduled so far for the West, but I'm sure as we get closer to Spring 2010, there will no doubt be some announcements made, perhaps at some of the big music festivals.
By heading to his website, RJ's Electrical Connections (media/audio junkies will know exactly what he's referring to with that name), you will see new videos uploaded on a regular basis up through the release date of The Colossus, along with news on reissues of his back catalog and perhaps a few exclusives. I guess that commercial/advert money is being put to good use, now let's see where he plans on taking his music in the next decade.
Posted in Music News, Video | Tagged electronic, electronica, hip-hop, RJD2, Soul Position | Leave a comment

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2019-20 STUDENT-ATHLETE QUESTIONNAIRE
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2020 Marymount University Men's Volleyball News
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Safley named CVC Player of the Week after first week of play
The Continental Volleyball Conference announced its first CVC Player of the Week on Monday, and Marymount University men's volleyball senior Sam Safley earned the honor, following the team's first week of action...
Men's Volleyball Slips To No. 8 UC Santa Cruz At Slug Slam
The Marymount University men's volleyball team fell in its final match of day one in the Slug Slam, dropping a 3-0 decision to host No. 8 UC Santa Cruz.
Saints Split Final Two Matches Of California Trip
The Marymount University men's volleyball team wrapped up its trip to California on Saturday, splitting its final two matches at the Slug Slam, hosted by UC Santa Cruz.
Saints Fall In Four To Wells In Opening Match Of Slug Slam
The Marymount University men's volleyball team started off the Slug Slam at Kaiser Permanente Arena, hosted by UC Santa Cruz, on Friday afternoon, dropping a 3-1 decision to Wells College.
Men's volleyball opens 2020 at Cal Lutheran, falls in 3-1 contest
The Marymount University men's volleyball team opened its season at California Lutheran University on Wednesday, falling in a 3-1 decision...
Men's volleyball voted No. 4 in CVC Preseason Poll ahead of 2020 season
The Marymount University men's volleyball team was voted No. 4 in the 2020 Continental Volleyball Conference Coaches' Preseason Poll, the league announced on Monday...
Men's volleyball adds Figueroa Velez as Graduate Assistant Coach
The Marymount University men's volleyball program has announced the addition of Sergio Figueroa Velez as a Graduate Assistant Coach ahead of the 2020 season.
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London Breaks for Football Fans
Travel Guides, United Kingdom | 18 November, 2016 | 0 | by Polly Hayes
Arsenal, Chelsea, Fulham, Tottenham Hotspurs, to name but a few – the list of great London football clubs goes on and on, and that's before you even consider the hallowed turf of Wembley Stadium. Perhaps that's why more and more football fans are combining a trip to the UK capital with tours of some of its major football stadiums.
Whether you're in London for a boozy weekend away with your mates or you just want to slip off on your own to drink in some legendary football history, visiting the capital's football stadiums is a great way to spend your time.
Here are some of the best football stadium tours on offer in London (don't blame me if your London team's not here, it's always worth checking their website to see if they offer tours – most now do!).
Wembley Stadium holds a precious place in the heart of all fans of English football. This magical tour around its sacred grounds will only heighten your appreciation for this very special sporting venue.
Imagine yourself drinking in the atmosphere of the England Dressing Rooms or walking down the famous Players Tunnel in the footsteps of some of the world's leading players. On a tour of Wembley Stadium you can live the dream, getting first hand experience of what it's like to be back stage at a major footballing event.
"View from Wembley Way, Playoff Final 2012" by Gabe25591 licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0
Other highlights include a chance to sit in the England Manager's hot seat in the Press Room and have your photo taken pitch-side. If that isn't enough to satisfy your thirst for footballing history then check out the 1966 Exhibition, including the actual crossbar from the World Cup Final.
EE have provided a virtual experience to go along with the tour so that you can access digital information about key areas as you encounter them, including QR stats and video footage of past prestigious events held at the stadium.
A dream come true for many Gunners fans, the tour of the team's Emirates Stadium takes in all the iconic sights of the club including the Player's Tunnel, the changing room and even Arsène Wenger's spot in the team dugout.
You can choose whether you want to go it alone on a self-guided tour with an audio guide, which includes the voices of some of Arsenal's leading players, or splash out for a Legends Tour – Arsenal legends such as Lee Dixon and Nigel Winterburn will show you around on these special experiences.
Included in with the tour is the Arsenal Museum, which has been recently renovated and includes key items from the club's colourful past.
There are a range of tour options available at Stamford Bridge. The most basic, but still very worthwhile, is the guided walk around the grounds, taking in the stands, dressing rooms, dug out, tunnel and press room.
"Big screen inside Stamford Bridge" by Jason Bagley licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0
Those looking for a more in-depth tour should sign up for an ex-player tour; former players such as Clive Walker and Ron Harris will show you around and tell you about their own experience of playing for the Blues. Autographs and photos are part of the package, as is a trip around the Stamford Bridge Museum.
Fulham Stadium
Drink in the atmosphere of Craven Cottage on a tour of Fulham FC's stadium. Whether you choose your own exclusive group tour or the guided Cottage Tour, you'll have the chance to have your photo taken beside the Johnny Haynes Statue before exploring the team's television studio, chairman's box, home team's dressing room, tunnel and, of course, the pitch-side dugouts.
Best Sports Pubs
So you've visited the stadiums, seen the museums and bought the team shirts, but where are you going to watch the match? With prices for tickets to the London club games going for serious money and availability hard to come by, one of the best options for watching the glorious game in the city is at one of its lively sports pubs.
With great sporting atmospheres, these pubs offer the kind of the lively camaraderie you find on the terraces, without the price tag to match. Here are some of my favourites.
Goose, Fulham
Fulham fans who have been for a tour of Craven Cottage could do worse than to dip into Goose on North End Road to watch the game. Crowded with fellow-Fulham fans on match days, there are a number of large screens and a great atmosphere.
Elk Bar, Chelsea
Chelsea fans should head to the atmospheric Elk Bar. With its huge HD screens and HQ projectors (there's even a 3D plasma screen in the Beer Garden) you'll get a great view of the game in this large pub with a friendly atmosphere.
Brewhouse & Kitchen, Highbury
Arsenal fans can get a bite to eat and a great view of the game at the Brewhouse & Kitchen, just a short walk from the Emirates Stadium.
How to Get to London
London is served by six major airports, Gatwick, Heathrow, Stansted, City, Southend and Luton, with a wide range of airlines flying to them ranging from budget to national carriers. Airport transfers by Shuttle Direct are available from all of the airports, taking you wherever you need to go in the city and its surrounding area.
Lying at the heart of the national rail network, London is also well served by trains using its major stations. Shuttle Direct transfers are also available from all of the major train stations.
Premier Inn, London: Hanger Lane – A great budget option, close to Wembley Stadium is the Premier Inn Hanger Lane. Just two minutes from the Hanger Lane tube station, the hotel offers clean, comfortable rooms with free WiFi, TVs in the rooms, and a handy bar downstairs.
Wombats City Hostel London – If you and your mates are looking for somewhere to lay your head in the centre of town but don't want to break the bank, then check out Wombats City Hostel London. A group of you could share the eight, six or four-bed dormitories with shared bathrooms or splash out on a twin room with private facilities. There's a shared kitchen and lounge with TV, as well as a cheap, trendy bar downstairs.
Holiday Inn Express, London City – For a little extra comfort try the Holiday Inn Express in Old Street. Close to the nightlife and sports bars of Hoxton, the hotel offers comfortable rooms with private bathrooms, satellite TV and an in-room movie system.
About Shuttle Direct
Providing a reliable, friendly airport transfer service across Europe and North Africa, Shuttle Direct transfers offer a comfortable, convenient way of getting from the airport or station straight to your hotel. Perfect for a group of mates, you can book a private car, minibus or group pick up before you set off with Shuttle Direct's easy online booking system – you know you'll be taken to where you want to go as soon as you arrive.
LCYLGWLHRLondonLTNSENSTNUnited Kingdom
Polly Hayes
Polly has a wealth of journalistic experience, having begun writing for weekly and monthly magazines more than 15 years ago. But while she's always loved words and writing, her other passion has been for travel. Having journeyed around South East Asia, Europe, America and the Caribbean, three years ago she decided to combine her two loves and become an online travel writer. Today she is lucky enough to write about the things she loves, from skiing in the Alps to finding the best family-friendly attractions on the Spanish Costa del Sol, for LeadGeneratorsDigital. When she's not writing or travelling she loves just 'hanging out' with her partner and their two lovely daughters in North London and taking her slightly crazy labradoodle for long walks on Hampstead Heath.
View all posts by Polly Hayes	→
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9 July, 2019 | 0
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"Kathleen, in a recent letter you made a comment on your time living in Waterford City, Eire, saying that you realized that your family did not want to live there but in the countryside.
"I am considering when I move back to Europe (hopefully within the next six to eight months) and am thinking of living in Waterford. Was your comment made solely because you wanted the wide open spaces of the countryside or was there a specific dislike of Waterford itself?
Waterford is a small, working-class town with limited amenities, distractions…and, as well, if I'm honest, limited charm. We found life in County Waterford, on the other hand, where we lived for seven years, to be everything we hoped for. So, yes, a big part of our choice was city versus Irish country living.
That said, if we were to return to Ireland now, as we consider doing, we wouldn't base ourselves in Waterford at all but in County Kilkenny or Galway.


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Tue. Jan 5th, 2021
Woman charged with accessory after the fact to murder of Ian Pullen
A third person has been charged in relation to the suspicious death of a New Zealand man in the Hunter region two years ago.
Just after 5.30am on Saturday 29 September 2018, emergency services were called to Carrington Street, Glenridding, after a man's body was located on the side of the road.
The man was later identified as 43-year-old New Zealand firefighter, Ian Pullen, who had arrived in the Hunter region to assist local volunteers fighting bushfires.
Detectives from Hunter Valley Police District established Strike Force Awabakil to investigate the circumstances surrounding Mr Pullen's death.
A man and a woman have since been charged over the death; they remain before the courts.
Following further inquiries, about 9.10am today (Monday 23 November 2020), detectives attended a Whittingham home and arrested a 21-year-old woman.
She was taken to Singleton Police Station and charged with accessory after the fact to murder.
She was refused bail to appear at Muswellbrook Local Court later today (Monday 23 November 2020).
Twice the speed limit with a two year old kid in the back seat
BREAKING: Man shot in the Hunter
THE VICTIM REACHED UP AND TOOK A FIRM HOLD OF HIS ASSAILANT'S TESTICLES


True love is not only about happiness and family but also about health and self-estimation. We often have the stereotype that a lonely person is obviously old and with poor health. But the reality is different.
George Mason University's Center for the Advancement of Well-Being, Canada, made a survey on loneliness rates among adults. The results show, that among 1,200 patients at primary care offices, 20 percents fell lonely.
Loneliness was more often feeling among people younger than 25 and regards only 11% of adults older than 65.
Earlier researchers found that among 20 000 U.S. adults approximately half felt lonely at least sometimes. 53% had face-to-face interactions every day.
So the scientists are pointing a national "loneliness epidemic", not only in social aspects. Loneliness leads to high blood pressure, heart disease, dementia and depression, negatively influences both physical and mental health.
Yes, each of us needs a beloved partner, but find this person is not the easiest task. So, here are 15 proven tips that will help you find your love.
Try to have some activities outside the usual places: office, home, sofa. Attend not just cinemas, but discussions, workshops, etc. Communicate not only in social networks.
If you do not feel, that person is interested in you, – do not waste time. With such one, you will always feel lonely. Try to find exactly the right person, but not anyone.
Three stages are needed here: realize that concrete relationship is over, review your experience and assess your surrounding persons.
Free your mind from advertising and movie-imposed stamps. Do not look at a partner through the signboard of work or attractiveness. Base your choice on sensation and intuition – whether this particular person gives you a feeling of happiness.
Even having a partner, don't forget your friends. Furthermore, they can point on some person's features, which you have not noticed yet.
Recognize your right to build your relationships according to your pattern. Let it have more freedom, peace and other nice advantages.
If during messaging on the dating site, you are interested in each other – don't temporize. Make an appointment – it will help to know more about the person.
It's a nice way to find new friends, discover new cultures and, maybe, find your love. But be careful every time and critically look at people and situations.
Do not turn evenings in psychoanalytic sessions. Do useful things: go to the gym, visit parents, and meet friends. Otherwise, your fear of being lonely will play a bad joke with you.
Happiness can come to you in a completely unexpected way – because you meet it for the first time. Do not scare!
The roots may be in your psychology or fears. Sometimes such reasons make it difficult to find "your" person.
The next step is to settle these problems. If you can't do this by yourself, visit a psychologist or tell your friends about problems.
No need to despair, grieve, scold your life or get depressed, try to be more cheerful, smile more often. By the way, a smile attracts and draws people together.
Define those character features, which attract you most of all. Even make some checklist. On the other hand, create a portrait of a person, with which you definitely don't want to be together.
Unrealistic expectations can cause deep disappointment. Excessively high demands lead to feeling, that you will not find anyone who fits your ideal.
And what is your way to find love?


All products with the ADA Seal of Acceptance have been shown to meet ADA criteria for safety and efficacy. Product comparisons are intended to provide information concerning the features of the respective products listed in the columns. Note: Brand name products appear first in the list in alphabetical order, followed by store brand products in alphabetical order.


In honor of Israel's 64th birthday, JointMedia News Service takes a look at the major events that shaped each decade in Israel's history since 1948. The emerging picture shows that despite continuous political turmoil and violence, Israelis always found a way to grow and innovate.
David Ben Gurion reading the declaration of the Independence of Israel in the Tel Aviv Museum, 1948. Photo: State of Israel National Photo Collection.
In November 1947, three decades after the Balfour declaration favored "the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people" and three years after the Holocaust, the United Nations General Assembly voted 33 to 13 for two "independent Arab and Jewish States." The State of Israel was established on May 14, 1948, and David Ben Gurion became the nation's first prime minister.
The day after the proclamation, Arab countries invaded and the war for independence began, but the newly formed Jewish state came out victorious by 1949.
After the establishment of the 1950 Law of Return, about 680,000 mostly European and Mediterranean Jews settled in Israel by 1951.
In the 1956 Sinai Campaign, Israel launched an attack against Egypt, together with France and Great Britain, capturing the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula. Shortly afterward U.S. pressure forced Israel to relinquish the territories.
A view of Kibbutz Ruhama in the northern Negev. Photo: State of Israel National Photo Collection.
This decade was strongly defined by the kibbutzim, the collective communities created throughout the Jewish state. Kibbutz members were considered the best of Israeli society, and many pursued elite careers in the government and military. The Kibbutz culture yielded the development of drip-irrigation, a system that can directly water a plant more efficiently than the sprinkler.
After armies from surrounding Arab nations began threatening Israel during the Six Day War of 1967, the country exacted a major victory in a surprise offensive, gaining control of the Golan Heights, Gaza, Sinai and the West Bank. Israel also gained East Jerusalem, unifying the city. Violence and war didn't stop Israeli arts from flourishing. In 1964, "Sallah Shabati," a film about the struggles of a Mizrahi immigrant family, was nominated for the Foreign Language Film Academy Award. In 1966, renowned writer Shmuel Yosef Agnon won the Nobel Prize in literature.
An emotional family reunion after the return of hijacked Air France passengers from Entebbe. Photo: State of Israel National Photo Collection.
In the Yom Kippur War of 1973, the Jewish state was surprised with an attack by Egyptian and Syrian armies on the holiest day of the Jewish faith, narrowly escaping defeat. A year earlier, 11 Israeli athletes were murdered by Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PLO) terrorists during the Olympic Games in Munich, Germany.
In 1972, Japanese gunmen recruited by the PLO opened fire at Lod's Airport near Tel Aviv (now Ben Gurion International Airport). Twenty-eight people were killed, including Puerto Rican Christian pilgrims and Israeli scientist Aharon Katzir. In 1974, Palestinian terrorists attacked the town of Ma'alot, including an elementary school, ultimately killing 22, mostly children. But when an Air France plane with Israeli and Jewish passengers was hijacked in 1976 by Palestinian terrorists and forced to land in Uganda, the IDF flew commandos to a daring rescue mission in which they killed all the terrorists and freed the hostages.
Also in this decade, four Israeli films were nominated for the Foreign Language Film Academy Award.
Menachem Begin, Jimmy Carter and Anwar Sadat at Camp David in 1978. Photo: Jimmy Carter Library.
In 1978, Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin signed the Camp David Accords, driven by U.S. President Jimmy Carter. Sadat and Begin won the 1978 Nobel Peace Prize, and a historic peace treaty between Egypt and Israel was signed the following year.
In this decade PLO terrorists seized a bus from Israel's coast highway, killing more than 30 civilians. A series of reprisals on both sides followed, and villages close to Lebanon were frequently shelled with mortars. In 1982, Israel attacked Lebanon in an effort to remove the terrorists. Though Israel drove the PLO out in the first Lebanon War, many soldiers died in the process. Israel also bombed and destroyed the Osirak nuclear complex in Iraq to prevent the building of nuclear weapons.
By 1987, the First Intifada uprising began, bringing with it thousands of Israeli casualties through Molotov cocktail, grenade, bomb and other attacks. Nevertheless, Israel won the Eurovision song contest for the second time in 1979, and another film was nominated for the Foreign Language Film Academy Award in 1984. More than 8,000 Ethiopian Jews were secretly airlifted to Israel in Operation Moses.
Teenagers gather in Tel Aviv to light memorial candles after hearing of the assassination of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin in 1995. Photo: State of Israel National Photo Collection.
This decade saw Israeli society change fundamentally, primarily spurred by a mass immigration of Jews from the Soviet Union. More than a million Russian Jews arrived in Israel, many during the height of the Gulf War, when the Saddam Hussein's Iraq was shelling Israel with missiles. Though at first struggling to assimilate both socially and economically, many ultimately became politically active and exacted enormous influence on culture, music, science and technology. Russian Jews notably founded the "Gesher" theater, which at first staged plays only in Russian, but soon transitioned into Hebrew.
Israel signed a 1994 peace treaty with Jordan. In the 1993 Oslo Accords—for which Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Yasser Arafat won the Nobel Peace Prize—Israel and the PLO signed an agreement primarily focused on Palestinian self-governance in the territories of Judea, Samaria and the Gaza Strip. Israeli society was deeply divided over the agreement, but the 1995 assassination of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin by Jewish extremist Yigal Amir traumatized and united Israelis of all political persuasions.
One of the worst terrorist attacks of the decade occurred in 1996, when two Jerusalem buses were bombed, killing 26 people and injuring about 80.
Ilan Ramon, the first Israeli astronaut. Photo: NASA.
In 1998, an Israeli woman was crowned Miss World. The Second Intifada started in 2000, and by 2005 more than a thousand Israelis were killed in terrorist attacks. The bombing of the Dolphinarium discotheque in Tel Aviv killed 21 teenagers. A major bombing of a Netanya hotel on the eve of Passover killed nearly 30 and injured 140.
In 2005, Israel withdrew from the Gaza strip, and the 2006 Second Lebanon War saw Israel fight Hezbollah forces. That same year, Hamas captured Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit.
Notable high-tech Israeli inventions and start-ups in this decade include the Disk-on-Key, a precursor to the now ubiquitous flash drive; wireless capsule endoscopy, a pill-sized camera that can pass through the digestive tract and detect diseases, and the instant messaging service ICQ. Four Nobel prizes were awarded to Israelis in the fields of economics and chemistry. The first Israeli astronaut, Ilan Ramon, famously participated in the international Columbia Shuttle space mission in 2003, but was tragically killed when the shuttle exploded.
Gilad Shalit's release in 2011 again polarized Israeli society because it required the release of about 1,000 Palestinian terrorists from Israeli prisons.
Three more films were nominated for the Foreign Language Film Academy Award, most recently "Footnote" in 2012. Also in 2012, Tel Aviv was named Best Gay City in an international competition. Two more Nobel prizes were awarded to Israelis in chemistry.


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Fri 22 Sep 2017 Sat 14 Oct 2017 tomorrowswarriors Accolades, Blog, Organisation
Tomorrow's Warriors founder/artistic director to be honoured by BASCA
We are immensely proud to share news that Tomorrow's Warriors founder and artistic director, Gary Crosby OBE is to be honoured by the British Association of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA) with a Gold Badge Award.
The 44th Gold Badge Awards are presented by BASCA and sponsored by PPL and PRS for Music. The awards celebrate the unique contributions of twelve very special individuals who have supported or inspired the UK songwriting and composing community.
Gary is joined by jazz composer, Mike Gibbs; artist/songwriter, Emeli Sandé MBE; music publisher, Paulette Long OBE; and Susanna Eastburn, CEO of Sound And Music and other eminent people who have championed new music.
BASCA Chairman Crispin Hunt, said: "Music is rarely created only by Musicians, just as Musicians rarely create only Music. At the 2017 Gold Badge Awards, BASCA is honoured to recognise these exceptional individuals whose talent, taste, protection and purpose is an inspiration to all in British Music writing and whose unique contribution to British Music deserves to be celebrated."
Gary and his partner, our CEO, Janine Irons MBE will attend the 2017 Gold Badge Awards lunch on Monday 2nd October 2017 at the Savoy hotel in London hosted by hosted by Guy Fletcher OBE.
Well done, Gary and hearty congratulations to you from all at TWHQ!
Get the full lowdown on the awards and list of other 2017 awardees
Tagged Awards, BASCA, Gary Crosby (Artistic Director), Gold Badge Awards, Music
5 thoughts on "Tomorrow's Warriors founder/artistic director to be honoured by BASCA"
worldjazzcollective says:
Fri 22 Sep 2017 at 9:50 am
So well deserved, congratulations Gary but what must be even better than medals is to see so many wonderful young musicians setting out on their careers and achieving things which would not have been possible without Gary.
tomorrowswarriors says:
Fri 22 Sep 2017 at 10:52 pm
Thanks for your kind words! You're absolutely right. No amount of medals or awards can make our hearts beat faster and louder than when we see each new cohort stepping out boldly and confidently into the big, wide, exciting world of JAZZ! We're so incredibly proud of Gary. He's a very special, very unique individual.
Jacqui Burnett says:
Sat 23 Sep 2017 at 7:32 pm
So proud and pleased of you and this recognition. Well done. Big up👍👍👍
Sun 24 Sep 2017 at 2:33 am
Thanks very much, Jacqui! Always grateful for your support!
John Stevenson says:
Fri 06 Oct 2017 at 3:44 pm
Well done Gary. This is excellent news and inspires the next generation of jazz musicians. Hearty congratulations sir!
Tomorrow's Warriors Jam Session back at Rich Mix! Game on!
Tomorrow's Warriors + alumni shortlisted for six Parliamentary Jazz Awards!


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Lower League Football – It has it all!
Andre Villas-Boas: the new Mourinho?
Fantasy Football Gameweek 1 – some last minute words of "wisdom"
Nasri and Touré have been pulling the strings for City – image from zimbio.com
While it was well worth loading your fantasy team with Reading and Chelsea players early on in order to take advantage of the double gameweek, this weekend you might find yourself paying the price, with neither side in Premier League action. For gameweek 3, we're again looking to avoid gambling too heavily as it's still early days. With that sentiment in mind, we like the look of Manchester City at home against QPR.
If you've watched Roberto Mancini's side this season on television, you'll have noticed that it is impossible for the commentators to avoid mentioning (several times) what happened back in May when QPR travelled to the Etihad. And fair enough, it's certainly a game worth reliving. You might also have noticed that Yaya Touré (£8m) has been absolutely pulling the strings from start to finish for City. And while Dave Silva has not quite managed to replicate his form from Euro 2012 in the early stages of the season, Samir Nasri (£8.6m) has looked very impressive. Carlos Tévez was a player we backed from the start and although his price tag is stacking up at the minute, at £9.5m there's obviously still value to be had by shipping out the likes of injured Sergio Agüero or Wayne Rooney.
We're also keen to get in on Everton's impressive start to the campaign, with David Moyes' side set to travel to unbeaten West Brom on Saturday. While West Brom have far from struggled since Steve Clarke succeeded Roy Hodgson, we feel that the Baggies offered both Liverpool and Spurs some decent opportunities during their opening two Premier League games and Marouane Fellani (£6.8m), Steven Pienaar (£6.5m) and Nikica Jelavić (£8.5m) will prove tough to handle.
Others worth considering
We mentioned last week that Manchester United were a team worth backing, with fixtures against Southampton and Wigan to come. Obviously if you're yet to jump on the Eden Hazard bandwagon, you're regretting it as his value looks like increasing every time he sets foot on the pitch. But looking at United, another player we'd argue you can't afford to be without, is Robin Van Persie (£13.1m). With Wayne Rooney out injured (and mutterings of a possible Old Trafford exit for the England striker), selecting RVP for your fantasy team is looking as much a no-brainer as it was last season, particularly after he got off the mark for United in such splendid style last weekend.
Follow us on Twitter @FootyFansOnline or check out our Football Fans Online Facebook page to let us know your thoughts.
EvertonFantasy FootballfeaturefootballManchester CityManchester Unitedpremier league
Previous Fantasy Premier League tips – Gameweek 2
Next Some footballers can actually communicate in more than 140 characters. A look at Joey Barton's website.
Nottingham Forest fan and staff writer for FootballFansOnline


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Bonnie 'Prince' Billy
Wilco's Solid Sound 2022 Lineup: Japanese Breakfast, Sylvan Esso, Bonnie 'Prince' Billy, & More
The three-day festival also promises Sun Ra Arkestra, Iceage, Mike Watt, and John Hodgman's Comedy Cabaret.
Bill Callahan and Bonnie 'Prince' Billy Cover Billie Eilish's "Wish You Were Gay": Stream
The cover also features Sean O'Hagan of The High Llamas.
Jim James, Will Oldham, and Over 20 Kentucky Artists Share "Lift Up Louisville": Stream
Raising money for the One Louisville COVID-19 Response Fund.
Bonnie 'Prince' Billy announces new album I Made a Place, shares "At the Back of the Pit": Stream
Marking his first proper studio album of originals since 2011's Wolfroy Goes to Town.
Bonnie 'Prince' Billy and The National's Bryce Dessner share new version of "One with the Birds": Stream
Their collaborative album, When We are Inhuman, arrives at the end of the month.
Top Song of the Week: Thom Yorke Offers a Dreamy Embrace on "Dawn Chorus"
This week's New Sounds also features black midi, Brittany Howard, and the late Mac Miller.
Bonnie 'Prince' Billy and The National's Bryce Dessner announce collaborative album When We Are Inhuman
Hear the lead single, a reworking of Will Oldham's "Beast for Thee".
Thee Conductor and Bonnie 'Prince' Billy share video for new song "Face Crinkle": Watch
Plus, the Austin-based Thee Conductor shares the track's Origins, including The Giving Tree and Jim O'Rourke.
The haunting first trailer for David Lowery's exceptional A Ghost Story has arrived -- watch
Starring newly-minted Oscar winner Casey Affleck and Rooney Mara, the low-budget drama opened to rave reviews at Sundance.


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Cabinet Report Cards 2020
Previous Report Cards
Patricia De Lille
Minister of Public Works and Infrastructure
2020 Grade: C
2019 Grade: B
Read our coverage on Patricia De Lille
Corruption-busting Patricia De Lille's tenure has been marred by accusations of nefarious activities this year. The former director general and other senior officials in the department of public works and infrastructure have accused the minister of taking on projects herself, disregarding processes and, of course, no one can forget the Beitbridge "washing line" border fence erected for R37-million.
However, De Lille has been hard at work in other aspects of her department's mandate, such as holding ongoing conversations with the Special Investigating Unit about the progress of dozens of cases.
The department has also pushed to ensure that service providers are paid on time and that managers who do not comply with the 30-day payment rule will be charged.
The process of visiting and assessing public bodies to ensure they are accurately completing and capturing progress reports on the expanded public works programme (EPWP) reporting system has started to bear some fruit. These bodies must reconcile their project records against the EPWP reporting system every month, leading to the early detection of errors. The department reported that 183 public body visits were conducted and 151 unresolved issues of noncompliance were reported to the accounting officers.
However, De Lille still has a long way to go to ensure the programme achieves its intended effects. MPs have raised issues around how the department is going to fulfil the government's goals of creating 800 000 jobs in the infrastructure sector when the department currently cannot adequately monitor, measure and implement infrastructure through the EPWP.
Meanwhile, other issues, including high vacancy rates within the department, are also a sticking point, as is the gender ratio of people working under De Lille, which hints at slow transformation.
The continued presence of a large number of officials in contracted positions was highlighted as an issue. This can be seen as the catalyst for the growing consultancy spend: the department is projected to spend more than R20-million on consultants on a handful of projects.
De Lille has been lauded for small, but effective, signs of intent.
At the 54th commemoration of District Six last year, she said she had discovered a tender for the disposal of "surplus land" in the area — three parcels of that land had been earmarked for the District Six claimants and redevelopment of the area. She said at the time: "I put a stop to that tender immediately because we cannot have surplus land in our country until we have a national spatial development framework that determines what land must be used for and by whom."
This kind of decisiveness could be lauded by some, but internal processes have to be followed and, in a number of instances, De Lille seems to have failed.
This includes the Beitbridge catastrophe, for which 11 officials will be charged. However, some MPs want De Lille herself to face the music.
Another investigation has started into the irregular awarding of farm-lease agreements she approved last December. The minister has also been accused, by disgruntled staff members, of pressuring senior officials, through her special adviser, to settle a R40-million pay dispute with a construction company, despite concerns the company had allegedly overcharged the department by about R39-million.
Grade Key
Take a bow. You are doing an excellent job.
Good, but room for improvement.
You're okay.
Get your act together.
Do yourself and the country a favour - resign.
You're fired.
More Cabinet Members
Aaron Motsoaledi
Angie Motshekga
Ayanda Dlodlo
Barbara Creecy
Bheki Cele
Blade Nzimande
David Mabuza
Ebrahim Patel
Fikile Mbalula
Jackson Mthembu
Khumbudzo Ntshavheni
Lindiwe Sisulu
Lindiwe Zulu
Maite Nkoana-Mashabane
Mmamaloko Kubayi-Ngubane
Naledi Pandor
Nathi Mthethwa
Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma
Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula
Pravin Gordhan
Ronald Lamola
Senzo Mchunu
Stella Ndabeni-Abrahams
Thoko Didiza
Thulas Nxesi
Tito Mboweni
Zweli Mkhize
All material © Mail & Guardian Online. Material may not be published or reproduced in any form without prior written permission.


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World War II/Fall of East Africa and War in North Africa
< World War II
1 North Africa
1.1 Italian Invasion of Egypt
2 East Africa
2.1 Italian Advances
North AfricaEdit
Italian Invasion of EgyptEdit
Things did not go well for the Italians in North Africa almost from the start. Within a week of Italy's declaration of war on June 10, 1940, the British 11th Hussars had seized Fort Capuzzo in Libya. In an ambush east of Bardia, the British captured the Italian Tenth Army's Engineer-in-Chief, General Lastucci. On June 28, Marshal Italo Balbo, the Governor-General of Libya and apparent heir to Mussolini, was killed by friendly fire while landing in Tobruk.
Mussolini ordered Balbo's replacement, Marshal Rodolfo Graziani, to launch an attack into Egypt immediately. Graziani was the commander of the Italian Tenth Army in Libya. He complained to Mussolini that his forces were not properly equipped for such an operation. Graziani further complained that an attack into Egypt could not possibly succeed. Mussolini ordered Graziani to attack anyway.
At the time, General Wavell's Middle East Command included some 36,000 troops (including support and administration units) based within Egypt to defend against 250,000 Italian Invaders. On September 13, a large element of Graziani's Italian Tenth Army re-took Fort Capuzzo and crossed the border between Libya and Egypt. The Italian advance proved to be a struggle. One division got lost, and many engines over-heated. On the opening day of the offensive, the Italians dropped paratroopers into Sollum. The British, being greatly outnumbered, left mines and retreated. After four more days, Graziani halted the advance, citing supply problems. During this time the Italians captured a number of British airfields. Despite Mussolini urging Graziani to continue the advance, the Italians dug in at Sidi Barrani and established several fortified camps. Graziani was now 60 miles in Egypt and 80 miles west of the British defences at Mersa Matruh. He planned to return to the offensive after his troops had been resupplied. During the offensive, 120 Italians and 40 British were killed.
East AfricaEdit
Italian AdvancesEdit
Starting in June 1940, the Italians tested the resolve of the British and Commonwealth forces along the borders of the Sudan and Kenya and in the shipping lanes of the Red Sea.
On June 13, early in the morning, three Italian Caproni bombers appeared and bombed the Rhodesian air base at the fort located at Wajir in Kenya. The Rhodesian aircraft were still warming up and preparing to take-off on a dawn patrol. The Capronis bombed the fort, the landing-ground, and nearby housing. The King's African Rifles (KAR), then garrisoning the fort, lost four killed and eleven wounded. Two Rhodesian aircraft were badly damaged and a large dump of aviation fuel was set on fire. Following this, the air base at Wajir received regular visits from the Italians every second or third day and the Rhodesian pilots were made to realize the significant shortcomings in speed and fire-power of the Hawker Hardys they themselves flew.
At dawn on June 17, the Rhodesians struck back and supported a successful raid by the KAR on the Italian desert outpost of El Wak in Italian Somaliland, some ninety miles northeast of Wajir. The Rhodesians bombed and set alight the thatched mud huts and generally harassed the enemy troops. But, since the main fighting at that time was centered around Italian advances towards Moyale in Kenya, the Rhodesians concentrated on that town. In conjunction with the South African Air Force, the Rhodesians undertook the task of reconnaissance and bombing in that disputed area.
Early in July, Italian forces in Eritrea crossed the Sudan border and forced the small British garrison holding the railway junction at Kassala to withdraw. The Italians also seized the small British fort at Gallabat, just over the border from Metemma, some 200 miles (320 km) to the south of Kassala. Even the villages of Ghezzan, Kurmuk and Dumbode on the blue Nile were conquered. Having taken Kassala and Gallabat, however, the Italians decided to venture no further - because of lack of fuel - and they proceeded to fortify Kassala with anti-tank defences, machine-gun posts, and strong-points. The Italians sent a brigade-strong garrison to Kassala.
In Kenya, after heavy fighting, the Italians occupied "Fort Harrington" in Moyale. At the end of July, Italian forces reached Debel and Buna. These small villages, nearly one-hundred kilometers from the Ethiopian-Kenyan border, were to be the deepest points inside Kenya reached by the Italian army.
In the first days of August, an Italian force of irregular Eritreans raided Port Sudan as a prelude to the Italian campaign to conquer British Somaliland.
On August 3, 1940, approximately 25,000 Italian troops invaded British Somaliland. The Italians were commanded by General Guglielmo Nasi.
The Italian force attacking British Somaliland in August included five colonial brigades, three Blackshirt battalions, and three bands (banda) of native troops. The Italians had armoured vehicles (a small number of both light and medium tanks), artillery, and, for the moment, superior air support.
The Italians were opposed by a British contingent of about four-thousand men consisting of the Somaliland Camel Corps (commanded by Colonel Arthur Reginald Chater), elements of the 2nd (Nyasaland) Battalion King's African Rifles (KAR) and the 1st Battalion Northern Rhodesian Regiment, the 3rd Battalion 15th Punjab Regiment, and the 2nd Battalion Black Watch.
The Italians advanced in three columns, with the western column advancing towards Zeila, the central column towards Hargeisa, and the eastern column towards Odweina in the south. Lieutenant-General Carlo De Simone commanded the strong central column. Colonel Chater, used his camel corps to skirmish with and screen against the advancing Italians as the other British and Commonwealth forces pulled back towards Tug Argan.
On August 5, within two days of the invasion, the towns of Zeila and Hargeisa were taken. The occupation of Zeila effectively sealed British Somaliland off from French Somaliland. Odweina fell the following day and the Italian central and eastern columns combined to launch attacks against the main British and Commonwealth positions at Tug Argan.
On August 7 the British and Commonwealth forces in British Somaliland received reinforcements with the arrival of the 1st Battalion 2nd Punjab Regiment. On August 11, a new commander, Major-General Reade Godwin-Austen, reached Tug Argan.
But, early on August 15, Godwin-Austen concluded that further resistance to the Italians would be futile in Tug Argan. He contacted the British Middle East Command headquarters in Cairo, Egypt. Godwin-Austen requested and received permission to withdraw his forces from British Somaliland. The determined effort of the Black Watch battalion, which covered the retreat, allowed the entire British and Commonwealth contingent to withdraw to Berbera with reduced losses. By August 17, most of the contigent was successfully evacuated from Berbera to Aden. Rather than evacuate, the Somaliland Camel Corps was disbanded.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=World_War_II/Fall_of_East_Africa_and_War_in_North_Africa&oldid=3201729"


Fig. 1. Pulling remotely managed GROT 12 along the profile over the combustion zone.
The works were carried out in areas of liquidated mines in Kuznetsk Coal Basin and Donbass mines.
The main objective of the project was to determine the combustion zones and their geometry in the plan and the depth. The formulation of the problem is related to the environmental security in areas with abandoned mines.
Fig. 2. View of the site of works and the corresponding GPR data.
GROT 12 and GROT 12E ground penetrating radars were used. The combustion zones determination using GPR method is based on the study of the temperature effect on the permittivity and the conductivity.
The value of the relative dielectric constant, which characterizes the degree of the substance polarization, is influenced by the mechanisms of these processes. However, the value of the dielectric constant of the substance depends on its aggregate state, as during the matter transformation from one state to another the density of the substance, its viscosity, and isotropism change significantly.
The dielectric constant characterizes the speed of the pulse in the medium. Conductivity determines the degree of electromagnetic pulse attenuation in the medium.
Fig. 3. Radarogram with a marked zone of deepening of the combustion.
Our objective was to compare the data of GPR measurements on the tracks on the surface of rock dumps (heaps) to the data of temperature measurements to calibrate the values of the electromagnetic parameters in accordance with the data of the temperature of rocks measurements in order to develop the algorithm to solve the inverse problem: using the GPR scanning to determine the changes of the temperature.
To study especially dangerous areas GROT 12 and GROT 12E ground penetrating radars controlled via Bluetooth were used in the mobile form.
Fig. 4. Radarogram with marked zone of maximum temperatures.


This recipe for Crab Meat on Muffin, by Colleen Russo, is from THE FIVE SISTERS , one of the cookbooks created at FamilyCookbookProject.com. We help families or individuals create heirloom cookbook treasures.
Mix together butter, cheese, mayo and garlic salt.Add drained crab meat and spread on English muffins (12 total halves) Freeze. Cut into quarters and broil until bubbly.
This is a great make ahead appetizer.


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2 Fat Nerds - Buffalo Undy5000 Recap!
Home/Buffalo, Health, Running/Buffalo Undy5000 Recap!
As promised, here is the Buffalo Undy5000 Race Recap!
Overall the race was a lot of fun, and Dad set a great official time of 31:32, a PR of nearly 4 minutes!
Congrats to Mr. Bard on the PR! I also envy the confidence levels of some of those people.
Nice job Jono! I also have to add, it was sunny as you can see, but also still in the forties when those photos were taken – a little chilly for the undie population. Michael and Dave, I have a new respect for your videography talents after our feeble attempt.
My favorite lines . . .
That was the cutest thing I've ever seen.
Congrats to you both. Great PR Scott, now you have set the bar for yourself!


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Tag: Jimmy Rave
Posted on February 27, 2017 by eatsleepwrestle
Can't Spell WWE without I-N-D-Y
Dear WWE and NXT Fans:
I'd like to introduce you to a few people.
This is Aaron Williams, "The Baddest Man Alive." Aaron had a great weekend because he just won the Pro Wrestling Blitz Heavyweight Champion.
These are my pals Eric Emanon and Thomas Brewington. They had a great weekend as well. They are now the New Phoenix Gemini Tag Team Champions.
And this is the King of Dayton and proud member of Ohio Is 4 Killers, Dave Crist. Dave had a great weekend too. He pinned John Wayne Murdoch clean to become the new IWA Mid-South Heavyweight Champion.
Why am I telling you about these gentlemen? Because I want you to know them. I want you to follow them. I want you to support them.
As a WWE fan, I know you are aware just how many independent wrestlers have become part of the world's largest wrestling promotion. A.J. Styles, Kevin Owens, Dean Ambrose, Seth Rollins, and Cesaro all had stellar careers in the indies before making it to NXT and WWE. If you're also following NXT, then you're already following the rise of Johnny Gargano, Tommaso Ciampa, Cassius Ohno (aka Chris Hero), Ruby Riot (aka Heidi Lovelace) and the other indy "darlings" the WWE has snatched up recently.
I want you to know that the independent wrestling promotions that Gargano, Ciampa, Hero, Lovelace, and the others left behind are not dying off like the old territories the WWF killed in the 1980s. They are thriving. They are growing not only in popularity, but in quality. I want you to know this because I want you to become a fan.
Yes, it is true, the independent scene is full of green wrestlers, spot monkeys, and guys who only care about getting their s*** in, but there are many men and women and tag teams still working the independents who could easily fill any spot on the NXT or WWE roster right now.
Independent wrestling is growing. There are more promotions in more places than there have been in a generation. Your local promotion(s) may run monthly or weekly, which means you can see live wrestling far more often than you are now with the WWE.
True, the crowds and venues are smaller in the indies, but that also means tickets are more affordable, and your access to the wrestlers is greater. You're closer to the action and at a much better price, and the heels can actually hear you when you call them names.
And here's the best part: you don't have to pay an arm and a leg to meet your favorite stars. The T-shirts at the gimmick tables are half of what you'll pay at a WWE show. Everyone is happy to shake your hand and take a selfie – except maybe Mr. Darius Carter.
I'm not telling you to give up the WWE. I enjoy the Network and NXT as much as any fan. But make no mistake: the WWE and NXT would not be what they are without the INDY scene that has come to be. I'm offering you the chance to see more live wrestling. I'm asking you to give guys like Aaron, Dave, Eric, and Thomas a chance. I want you to get out there and discover other guys like Matt Riddle, Ron Mathis, The Hitman for Hire Mr. Grim, Desmond Xavier, Zachary Wentz, Gary Jay, Chip Day, Murder One, Timmy Lou Retton, Matt Cross, Michael Elgin, Menace, Facade, Jake Crist, Sami Callahan, and Jimmy Rave. I want you to discover the other ladies who fueled the "women's revolution," like Kelly Klein, LuFisto, Su Yung, Samantha Heights, Leva Bates (remember Blue Pants?), Mickie Knuckles, Rachel Ellering, Taeler Hendrix, Candice LeRae, Veda Scott, Mia Yim, Allisin Kay, Jessicka Havok, and Jordynne Grace. I want you to discover the amazing tag teams packing houses across the country including the Hooligans, Viking War Party, War Machine, OI4K, and the Carnies. You can even find comedy wrestlers, guys like Colt Cabana, Space Monkey, and the notorious party animal, Joey Ryan.
There's never been a better time to get into independent wrestling than now. Search a few of these names on YouTube. Find and follow them on Facebook or Twitter. Then find a promotion running in your area. I'm not asking you to trade one for the other. Just get out and support the superstars of tomorrow, today. They will not let you down.
A converted, die-hard indy wrestling fan
Categories: Independent Wrestling, Wrestling History
Tags: aaron williams, Allisin Kay, Blitz Pro Wrestling, blue pants, candice lerae, Carnies, chip day, colt cabana, dave crist, Desmond Xavier, eric emanon, Facade, gary jay, hooligans, independent wrestling, iwa mid-south, jake crist, Jessicka Havok, Jimmy Rave, joey ryan, john wayne murdoch, jordynne grace, kelly klein, leva bates, lufisto, Matt Cross, matt riddle, menace, Mia Yim, michael elgin, mickie knuckles, mr. darius carter, murder one, New Phoenix, nxt, oi4k, Rachel Ellering, ron mathis, samantha heights, Sami Callahan, space monkey, Su Yung, Taeler Hendrix, The Hitman for Hire Mr. Grim, thomas brewington, timmy lou retton, veda scott, Viking War Party, War Machine, women's wrestling, wwe, zachary wentz
Posted on November 2, 2016 by eatsleepwrestle
Indy Expansion: PWF and AWE Join Forces
In what could be an interesting sign of the times, two promotion separated by two states have begin a "working relationship" between their two companies. Atlanta Wrestling Entertainment, headed by Stan Robinson and Joshua Von Wheeler, announced their newly formed alliance with Pro Wrestling Freedom's Jimmy Feltcher and John Norris.
PWF and AWE have already been sharing talent over the past several months, with AWE mainstay "Do or Die" Chip Day being crowned the first PWF Champion in September. AWE's Murder-1, Adrian Armour, and Jimmy Rave have also made themselves at home in the Southern Indiana promotion, while a handful of PWF talent have made their way down south, including Mickie Knuckles, Gary Jay, Tripp Cassidy, and the current Georgia Crown Tag Team Champions Team IOU.
The open agreement means that titles from both promotions can and will be defended in either promotion. It also means more talent from Atlanta will be headed to Indiana and vice versa. Aaron Williams, a PWF regular from Ohio, was quick to announce his desire to work Atlanta on Facebook.
PWF and AWE can both be found on Facebook as well as Twitter. Follow them at @ATLWrestlingEnt and @pwfofficialpro, respectively.
It's exciting to see promoters coming together for the common good of their fans and the wrestlers. Here's hoping we'll see more of these agreements, giving more men and women a chance to follow their dream full-time while giving the fans an even better show every time the bell rings.
Category: Independent Wrestling
Tags: aaron williams, adrian armour, AWE, chip day, gary jay, independent wrestling, Jimmy Rave, mickie knuckles, murder one, PWF, team IOU, tripp cassidy
Posted on September 16, 2016 by eatsleepwrestle
Kick Out at Two Episode 50
For nearly a year, the Kick Out at Two Podcast has traveled the US looking for the best independent wrestling. This week marks a milestone, their 50th episode, and they've dedicated this week's show to doing questions and answers from their fans.
The Kick Out at Two Podcast is dedicated to covering independent wrestling, and over the last year, they've traveled as far north as New York, as far south as Florida, and as far west as Nebraska from their home base in Tennessee. They've also interviewed legends like Jimmy Rave and Chris Hero and up and comers like Hitman for Hire Mr. Grim and Cold Stone Tim Boston. They're always happy to hear about new talent, new promotions, and new shows, and they are true supporters of today's indy scene.
I had the privilege of hanging out with Jesse and Brittany last Friday night at PWF: The Primus in Jeffersonville. In addition to seeing a great show, I got to introduce them to Mad Man Pondo and take them out for donuts at a 24/7 shop we have called Jeff's Bakery. It was great to catch up with them, and I can't wait to meet up with them again down the road.
Congrats on 50 episodes, gang. Here's to many more!
Download the Kick Out at Two Podcast every Friday on iTunes or Soundcloud.
Tags: chris hero, cold stone tim boston, hitman for hire, independent, Jimmy Rave, kick out at two, mr. grim, podcast, PWF, The Primus, wrestling
Posted on September 9, 2016 by eatsleepwrestle
Corey Hollis on the Kick Out at Two Podcast!
Friday's guest on the Kick Out at Two Podcast is Corey Hollis. Corey is a native of Alabama currently signed with the NWA. He currently holds the WrestleForce Tag Team Championship with Adam Page and is a former PWX Tag Team Champion.
Download the Kick Out at Two Podcast on iTunes and Soundcloud, and be sure to follow them on Facebook.
The Kick Out at Two gang will be at Pro Wrestling Freedom: The Primus tomorrow night! Come see the 12 man tournament featuring Jimmy Rave, Murder One, Chip Day, Hy Zaya, Shane Mercer, Aaron Williams, Jason "The Gift" Kincaid, and more. And be sure to say hello to my wrestling loving friends from the heart of Tennessee!
Tags: aaron williams, adam page, arena, chip day, corey hollis, hy zaya, jason kincaid, jeffersonville, Jimmy Rave, kick out at two, murder one, NWA, podcast, PWF, PWX, shane mercer, The Primus, wrestleforce
Primus Primer: Murder One, Chip Day, and Adrian Armour
Our Primus Primer series continues with not one but three profiles today. The Wilkman from the Kick Out At Two Podcast chimes in with three more reasons to believe the PWF championship will be headed South after Friday night.
On September 9th someone is walking away with a championship title, and the odds that it will be a resident of Georgia are pretty good.
Murder One, Chip Day, and Adrian Armour are all coming to The Primus with one goal, and that goal will pit them against each other. Each man wants to be champion, some of them need it, and all deserve it. I'll explain what they bring to the table, and why each could walk away with the championship.
Murder One is THE veteran in The Primus. Wrestling since the early 90's he has done and seen it all. From being a member of the NWA Wildside roster, to defeating ECW legends including Sabu, to even being a current tag team champion with Chip Day in Atlanta Wrestling Entertainment, Murder has done things that some of the men in this tournament never will. He does not need this championship and that makes him all the more dangerous.
Murder has nothing to lose by leaving The Primus without a championship. His career will move on and he will be as accomplished as ever. That being the case it also leaves him with a "devil may care" attitude. What is there to worry about when you've already done everything? This gives him an advantage the others wish they had. With no nerves in play and nothing to prove, his chances of walking away the champion are very good.
Chip Day may be the most deserving of a singles championship. The man known as the Kennesaw Kick Machine has put in more work on the independent scene in the last year than most have their entire careers. At this point his attitude may be that he is owed a championship, and one could not find fault in that assertion.
Day has racked up win after win and proven himself in every town he's traveled to. He has faced the likes of Cedric Alexander and Tommaso Ciampa, and holds clean victories over Colby Corino and Sami Callihan. He also made it to the semi finals of the Scenic City Invitational falling just short to Chris Hero, only to score a victory over Hero and his tag partner JT Dunn a night later to retain his tag team championship. Both accomplished and able, Chip Day could walk away as champion after The Primus is said and done.
Adrian Armour will win the championship on September 9th. I wholeheartedly believe this. He is the complete package in wrestling, and is not long for the big times. His title victory in September will be just one more stop on his road to greatness.
Adrian has not been in the wrestling business as long as his fellow Georgians competing at The Primus, but he has picked it up faster than most people will in a decade. Already being a technically sound competitor, at some point this summer something clicked inside Adrian and since that time he has been riding a wave of forward momentum that is impossible to ignore. Even in defeat he is not slowed down, and with big names literally stealing from his repertoire, it is hard to imagine he wouldn't walk out with the title and all the acclaim.
With the inclusion of Jiimmy Rave, it looks like PWF championship may end up resting neatly on a shelf in Georgia.
Visit the PWF: The Primus Facebook page for event information and tickets.
Subscribe and download the Kick Out at Two Podcast on iTunes and Soundcloud.
Tags: adrian armour, atlanta wrestling entertainment, chip day, georgia, independent, jeffersonville, Jimmy Rave, kick out at two, murder one, podcast, primus, pro wrestling freedom, PWF, wilkman, wrestling
Posted on August 29, 2016 by eatsleepwrestle
Primus Primer: Jimmy Rave
This is the third in a series of stories about the upcoming PWF: The Primus show in Jeffersonville on September 9. Today, special guest writer Righteous Jesse chimes in on one of the big favorites, Jimmy Rave. Jesse is the co-host of the Kick Out at Two Podcast. He has worked commentary for Jimmy Rave's home promotion, Atlanta Wrestling Entertainment, and he has good reason to believe the PWF title will be headed to Georgia.
We've all got our picks. Who will win the new PWF championship? We all know why some of these men could be victorious. But here's a look at why they won't be.
Jimmy Rave is the smartest wrestler in the game. Instead of being one step ahead, he's always several steps ahead. He's familiar with "run jimmy run" chants. They do not phase him. Jimmy knows that he can use the 10 count to his full advantage and even extend the count by rolling in and out of the ring again. It's the little things like that.
Rave is a world traveled wrestling superstar who has held several championships throughout his career. This will be another one added to the resume. He's seen it all. He's done it all. He has the strategy, and on September 9th at The Primus, Jimmy Rave will be the new PWF champion.
For more information on PWF: The Primus, visit the official Facebook event page.
Download the Kick Out at Two Podcast with Righteous Jesse and the Wilkman every Friday on iTunes and Soundcloud.
Tags: atlanta wrestling entertainment, AWE, jeffersonville, Jimmy Rave, kick out at two, podcast, primus, pro wrestling freedom, PWF, righteous jesse, september 9, the arena, wilkman
Posted on August 27, 2016 August 27, 2016 by eatsleepwrestle
Primus Primer: Hy Zaya
Over the next two weeks, Eat Sleep Wrestle will be spotlighting the competitors for Pro Wrestling Freedom's upcoming show, The Primus. We begin today with Local fan favorite, Hy Zaya.
There may not be a more independent wrestler in the country than Hy Zaya. At the end of 2015, Hy Zaya and his travel partner Shane Mercer had build a mini-territory for themselves, with three strong promotions booking them weekly. By the end of January, all three promotions were shut down.
Hy Zaya didn't quit. He branched out. He made new contacts, connected to new promoters, and committed himself to learning a few new things, not the least of which is television.
Hy Zaya has become a break out star on the newly revamped OVW. He's working heel in a few places after 18 solid years as a babyface. He's imparting his own wisdom on the students at OVW, and he is still learning everything he can.
"One of the strangest things was learning not to post about the show after TV tapings," he said. "I have to wait until Saturday to see how the show airs before I can say anything. The cool thing, though, is that on Saturday mornings, my Ninja Babies can wake up and see me on TV!"
In spite of his success at OVW, Hy Zaya considers himself a true free agent, freer than he's ever been in the business. With no home promotion to tie him down, he's able to go and work any place he wants. Everywhere he's been, he's left the fans begging for more.
Hy Zaya is one of twelve men vying for the new PWF championship at Pro Wrestling Freedom: Primus on Friday, September 9 in Jeffersonville, Indiana. He's a strong favorite, given that PWF is in his backyard, but he knows he has his work cut out for him with his first round opponent, Jimmy Rave.
"I'm going to be watching a lot of Jimmy Rave video the next two weeks," he says.
For event and ticket information, visit the PWF: The Primus page on Facebook.
Hy Zaya's story can also be found in the book Eat Sleep Wrestle, available in paperback and on Kindle and Smashwords.
Tags: hy zaya, independent, iwa mid-south, jeffersonville, Jimmy Rave, ninja, ovw, pro wrestling freedom, PWF, shane mercer, the arena, The Primus, wrestling
Posted on July 29, 2016 by eatsleepwrestle
Two Guests on this week's Kick Out At Two Podcast
Righteous Jesse, Wilkman, and Britt are getting ready for next weekend's Scenic City Invitational in Chattanooga, and this week's episode will get you ready with two featured guests.
Ace Rockwell is a 6′ native of North Carolina. The 13 year veteran is a regular for Empire Wrestling but has traveled all over the country.
Jimmy Rave is the current GWC Champion with Atlanta Wrestling Entertainment. Trained by Murder One, Rave has worked for TNA and Ring of Honor and is currently signed with Global Force. He's a favorite of the KOAT crew, and both he and Rockwell are entered in the 16-man Scenic City tournament August 5-6.
Download the Kick Out at Two Podcast on iTunes or Soundcloud, then click over to Facebook to learn more about the Scenic City Invitational.
Tags: ace rockwell, atlanta wrestling entertainment, empire wrestling, global force wrestling, Jimmy Rave, kick out at two, podcast, ring of honor, scenic city invitational, TNA
Posted on December 10, 2015 by eatsleepwrestle
The Ted Petty Invitational Returns
The rumors you've heard are true.
Yes, IWA Mid-South is hardcore.
Yes, the fans live for blood and gore.
Yes, they were so violent back in the 90s, they were kicked out of Kentucky.
But if you think IWA Mid-South is all blood and guts, think again.
This Friday, IWA Mid-South is resurrecting the "other" tournament it is famous for, the Ted Petty Invitational. The tournament began in 2000 as a showcase for the best technical wrestlers in the world, and in 2002, it was named in memory of Ted Petty.
If you've never heard of Ted Petty or the tournament that bears his name, here's a look at the participants from the 2002 edition.
Pictured in this photo: Christopher Daniels, Jimmy Rave, Matt Stryker, Colt Cabana, Spyder Nate Webb, "Sick" Nick Mondo, M-Dogg 20 (Matt Cross), AJ Styles, Ace Steel, Chris Hero, BJ Whitmer, Tarek the Great and CM Punk.
Not pictured: "All That" Matt Murphy, "Kamikaze" Ken Anderson & Super Dragon.
Other past participants include Nova, Mike Quackenbush, Jerry Lynn, Chris Sabin, Sonjay Dutt, Nigel McGuinness, Samoa Joe, Matt Sydal, Hallowicked, Kevin Owens, Delirious, Davey Richards, Ricochet, Low Ki, Tracy Smothers, and Sami Callihan.
Not enough name dropping for you? How about Sara Del Ray (the woman behind NXT's Four Horsewomen), Kevin Owens, Cesaro, Seth Rollins, Sami Zayn, and Daniel Bryan?
Yes, IWA is hardcore, but it is much, much more than that.
Some of the IWA Mid-South faithful say this year may prove to be the best tournament ever. With names like Kongo Kong, Chris Hero, Reed Bentley, Hy Zaya, Shane Mercer, and Masada on the card, they may be right.
The action kicks off Friday night at the Colgate Gym in Clarksville, Indiana. Click here to go to the event page for ticket information.
Tags: Ace Steel, AJ Styles, BJ Whitmer, cesaro, chris hero, Chris Sabin, christopher daniels, cm punk, colt cabana, daniel bryan, Davey Richards, Delirious, Hallowicked, hy zaya, ian rotten, independent wrestling, invitational, iwa mid-south, jerry lynn, Jimmy Rave, ken anderson, kevin owens, kongo kong, Low Ki, M-Dogg 20, masada, Matt Cross, matt murphy, Matt Stryker, Matt Sydal, mike quackenbush, Nick Mondo, nigel mcguinness, nova, reed bentley, Ricochet, sami callihan, sami zayn, samoa joe, sara del ray, seth rollins, shane mercer, Sonjay Dutt, Spyder Nate Webb, super dragon, Tarek the Great, ted petty, tracy smothers
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About Xper Dunn
Baby Steps Among The Stars
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Do U Know Wut Planet Ur On? (2017Aug17)
Graphic Poems by Xper Dunn
Opus One (Downloadable)
Xper Dunn Is Here
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A Lover of History (2017Aug26)
Posted by XperDunn on August 26, 2017
Saturday, August 26, 2017 3:30 PM
I'm not a believer, but I sing "God Bless America" just as loud as anyone else—I love this country. And I admire its greatness—its ideals, its inventions, its victories, and its opportunities. When Trump says MAGA, he simply reveals his ignorance of America's true and enduring greatness—something he has continued to do for over 200 days now.
America is a dream dreamt by most of the rest of the world—not the land, but the culture of freedom and inclusion and opportunity—that's America's greatness—and ironically, it is threatened by the very con-man who ran on MAGA. Big surprise, right?
But I don't want to discuss that blimp today. I want to talk about seeing America with open eyes—seeing that, in spite of its many achievements, there is plenty to regret in its bloody and divisive history. We are currently at war with a country that surrendered to us sixteen years ago—and at war with another group borne of the fighting—that's some sad, stupid shit.
But America's history is not a pretty picture. Those of us with the luxury to sit around and post online all day, with a fridge full of food and an electrified house and good roads—we tend to forget that it took over four hundred bloody, horrifying years to get here—and if we're not mindful, it will all go down the drain.
First, we killed off all the innocent native people, who lived here before we 'discovered' it. Then we set to shipping as much of the natural spoils (fur pelts, lumber, new products) as possible back to Europe. Britain and Europe sent criminals and refugees off to our country—just to remove such people from the civilized world.
Okay, that was glib—but let me just say that I still respect Americans who take pride in their pioneer and settler forebears—that process was a grueling one, demanding incredible courage and sacrifice. But it was also a bloody one—and the pioneers were, from the aboriginal viewpoint, merciless invaders.
Even when native Americans surrendered to the 'civilized' white people, it was always a lie—the colonists and later, the United States, would always make a binding pledge to their captives—and then turn around and break it—always. If one is proud of one's heritage, it's always dangerous to examine that history too closely.
Further, let me point out, the Europeans prized furs and lumber because they had denuded the European landscape of same—even without the benefit of industrial technology, human beings, like goats, can destroy an ecosystem simply by living there.
Also, the vast majority of immigrants (colonists) being criminals and refugees made for a rather anti-establishmentarian culture in the North American part of the 'New World'. Eventually, we rebelled against the Church, the King, and wrote Founding Documents that specifically direct the citizens to keep firearms and rise up against the government again—whenever we weren't happy with the people in charge. And people wonder why the United States has ten or twenty times the annual gunshot deaths of the rest of the world combined.
So, that's just for starters—then we started kidnapping Africans, shipping them to America and making slaves of them. It seemed like a great idea at the time, I'm sure—but, in hindsight, it had a few problems. And slavery was the worst of it—but it was far from all of it.
The white, English-speaking Protestants (along with the Dutch in New York) have always exuded a pompous, entitled discrimination against anyone from out of town—like Peyton Place people. They persecuted the Asian immigrants, the Irish immigrants, the Scandinavian immigrants, the Italian immigrants, the Polish immigrants, the Jewish immigrants, the Indian immigrants—I know I'm leaving a few out—Americans love their pet peeves.
Nor is this ancient history—as a child, I remember people discussing whether an Irish Catholic (John F. Kennedy—and me) could ever be elected president of the United States. But African-Americans still win—white America has, somehow, made a fetishistic art-form out of hating African-Americans.
We're the only country with an entire region characterized by a nostalgia for the 'good old days' of African-Americans in chains. We've had a hundred years of 'the first Black this' or 'the first Black female that'—and you'd think Barack Obama's two terms would put a period to all that, but no—there's still some slots open for discriminating white people to take note of.
We even have a white nationalist movement—right now—that sees a leveled playing field as 'reverse racism'—these are many of the same yahoos that complain that our religious-freedom-laws are an imposition on the freedom of their religion—no one has the heart to explain to these morons that that's what it's for.
But all the above is just human nature—we haven't even started on how greed (aka Capitalism) has transformed our environment, our lives, and our laws—even our elections. But pollution, corruption, neglect, and community apathy are all much too complex, ingrown, and depressing for me to go into here and now.
All I'm saying is that America is neither simple nor easy, neither perfect nor perfectly evil—it is a struggle, a moral experiment, a system that bets on good against bad. It is complicated enough that sloppy-thinking, ignorant people like our president just get in the way of people of good will—the entitlement that makes them ignorant of our true character is the same entitlement that makes them a danger to the character of our nation.
This entry was posted in Capitalism, Digital War, For Fun, Historical, personal observations, Political, Recent News and tagged History, politics, xperdunn. Bookmark the permalink.
Practical Solutions (2017Aug25)
POEM: Ode to Navigation (2017Aug26)
Indebting Our Young Collegians (2020Jan13)
Every Damn Day (2020Jan07)
Don't Get Me Started (2020Jan05)
The Quick Fix (2019Dec20)
Grand Old Party in Bad Faith (2019Dec06)
Digital War
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personal observations
song covers
"Important News" by Xper Dunn
Improvs by XperDunn
Improv – Sub-Lexicon (2012Apr13)
XperDunn's Improv in 2 Parts (2012May16)


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These Secret Garden double hood sweatshirts will seriously steal your heart. This is just one of the designs we'll be offering, but if you LOVE it, don't wait cause these always sell out fast! Please see size chart for sizing details.
You won't want to take these off! They are so comfortable and feel amazing on!
This blouse is a beautiful button down with front tie detail. Raceback longer length style in back. It is so pretty! Light and airy. Fits true to size and lays comfortably. I love this!