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Lānaʻi (deutsch: Lanai, Lānaʻi im Geographic Names Information System) ist eine der acht vulkanischen hawaiischen Hauptinseln. In der hawaiischen Sprache bedeutet der Name wahrscheinlich "Tag (der) Eroberung". Die Insel ist 29 km lang und bis zu 21 km breit. Die Flächenausdehnung beträgt 364 km². Höchste Erhebung ist der 1030 m hohe Lānaʻihale im Südosten der Insel. Sie zählt nur rund 3200 Einwohner und besteht aus einem Hochplateau. Lange war Lānaʻi die größte Ananasplantage der Welt, im Jahr 1992 endete jedoch die Ananasproduktion. Landwirtschaftlich nicht genutztes Land ist naturbelassen.

Verwaltungsmäßig gehört Lānaʻi zum Maui County.

Geschichte
Erst um 1400 wurde dieses Eiland von den Hawaiiern besiedelt. Später kamen weiße Missionare und Chinesen, die um 1802 den Zuckerrohranbau einführten. 1854 zogen rund 300 Mormonen auf die Insel und gründeten eine Kolonie, die sie the City of Joseph in the Valley of Ephraim nannten. Ab 1861 wurden sie von Walter Murray Gibson angeführt, der mit dem Geld der Kirche fast die gesamte Insel aufkaufte, die Titel aber auf seinen Namen ausstellte. Nachdem die Kirche das herausfand, wurde er zwar exkommuniziert, das Land konnte er aber behalten.

Im Jahre 1922 kaufte "Ananaskönig" James Dole als Präsident der Hawaiian Pineapple Company (der späteren Dole Food Company) die Insel für 1,1 Mio. Dollar und machte sie zur "Ananasinsel". Im Jahr 1992 stellte Dole den Ananasanbau auf Lānaʻi jedoch wegen zu hoher Produktionskosten ein. Heute wird dort fast ausschließlich Rinderzucht und Farmwirtschaft betrieben. Im Juni 2012 kaufte Larry Ellison 98 % der Insel dem Unternehmen Castle & Cooke für $300 Millionen ab und verlegte im Dezember 2020 seinen Hauptwohnsitz nach Lānaʻi.

Traditionell wurde Lānaʻi in 13 ahupuaʻa gegliedert, die zu zwei Distrikten (moku o loko) zusammengefasst waren: kona (Lee) und koʻolau (Luv). Die ahupuaʻa sind nachstehend wiedergegeben, mit Reihenfolge im Uhrzeigersinn, und Original-Flächenangaben in acres, beginnend im Nordwesten der Insel:

Kamoku ist das ahupuaʻa mit der weitaus größten Bevölkerung, da der größte Teil von Lanaʻi City darin liegt. Teile von Lanaʻi City erstrecken sich auch auf Kaa und Paomai. Die übrigen ahupuaʻa sind heute weitgehend unbewohnt. Nach der Volkszählung von 2000 vereinigte Lanaʻi City 99 Prozent der Einwohner der Insel auf sich (3164 von 3193). Als Census-designated place ist Lanaʻi City nur zu statistischen Zwecken und nicht durch Verwaltungsgrenzen definiert.

Tourismus
Zum Urlaubsziel hat sich die ehemalige Ananasinsel noch nicht richtig entwickelt, wohl aber ist sie beliebtes Tagesausflugsziel von Maui. Es gibt drei Hotels, zwei davon Luxusresorts, die alle von Larry Ellison betrieben werden.

Vorwiegend Golfer und Wanderer (Munro Trail, 12,7 km lang) bevölkern zu den Hauptreisezeiten die Insel. Im Hinterland erwarten einen alte hawaiische Ruinen. Eine weitere Sehenswürdigkeit ist der Garden of the Gods ("Garten der Götter"), ein Labyrinth aus roten Lavafelsen und vielen seltsam geformten Steinen im Westen der Insel.

Der kleine Hauptort Lānaʻi City liegt rund 500 m über dem Meer, in der Mitte der Insel, im erfrischend kühlen Hochland zu Füßen einer Bergkette. Als Windschutz werden seit 1920 in und um den Ort Norfolk-Tannen (Araucaria heterophylla) angepflanzt. Die 7th Street und die 8th Street sind die Hauptstraßen mit wenigen Geschäften, dem Supermarkt und einem Kino, an der 9th Street befindet sich das öffentliche Schwimmbad.

Strände
Der schönste Badestrand ist der geschützte Hulopoʻe Beach an der Südküste von Lānaʻi. Er befindet sich nur wenige Gehminuten vom kleinen Mānele-Hafen, wo die Fähre aus Maui anlegt. Es ist der einzige Strand der Insel, der mit Toiletten und Duschen ausgestattet ist. Entlang der nördlichen Küste von Kūāhua bis Awalua gibt es auf einer Länge von 13 Kilometern eine Serie von Sandstränden, denen ein Riff vorgelagert ist. Sie werden gemeinsam als Shipwreck Beach bezeichnet, wegen eines Schiffes, das davor seit 1943 auf dem Riff festsitzt. Der einsame, aber meist sehr windige Polihua Beach an der Nordwestküste ermöglicht einen ungestörten Blick auf die Insel Molokaʻi und ist nur zu Fuß oder mit Allradfahrzeug erreichbar.

Sport
Das größte sportliche Ereignis ist das seit 1972 jährlich stattfindende Maui-Kanal-Schwimmen, bei dem Teams von jeweils sechs Schwimmern am längsten open-water Staffel-Schwimmen der Welt vom Club-Lanai-Pier auf Lānaʻi zum 9,9 Meilen (ca. 16 Kilometer) entfernten Kāʻanapali-Strand auf Maui gegeneinander antreten.

Gesundheitsversorgung
Es gibt in Lānaʻi City ein Krankenhaus mit 24 Betten, das Lānaʻi Community Hospital, und ein Gesundheitszentrum, das Lānaʻi Community Health Center, das auch zahnärztliche, psychologische und andere fachärztliche Behandlungen anbietet.

Söhne und Töchter (Auswahl)
 Danny Lockin (1943–1977), US-amerikanischer Schauspieler

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Insel (Hawaii)
Insel (Australien und Ozeanien)
Insel (Pazifischer Ozean)

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galleriesatut
Close Look: Christina Coleman
University of Texas art history PhD student Nicole Smythe-Johnson offers another insightful essay for our ongoing series, 'Close Look.' In this latest exploration we examine the work of Austin-based artist, and University of Texas alum, Christina Coleman. Traditionally known for her works which explore the material culture of Black hair, here the artist probes the mysteries and myths of creation, through abstraction. As Smythe-Johnson aptly states, this work "... puts blackness into conversation with creation in more ways than one."
The works of art featured in Close Look are found in some of our favorite private-collections—providing a rare opportunity to peak at some of the collectors who inspire us, while taking a closer look…
Firmament, Christina Coleman, 2014. Graphite, compressed charcoal, 27 x 25 inches.
© Christina Coleman. Image courtesy of private collection.
On Blackness and Creation: Christina Coleman's Firmament
By Nicole Smythe-Johnson
In this installment of Close Look, we're shifting gears toward an artist invested in abstraction as a creative mode capable of generating multiple meanings. In Firmament (2014), Austin-based artist Christina Coleman presents a deceptively simple image whose multiple layers of meaning give insight into blackness as material and social identity, and creation in the cosmological and artistic senses.
The graphite and charcoal drawing comprises two charcoal bands across the top and bottom of the drawing, separated by a band of graphite grey. The charcoal bands are a flat, even black with jagged, irregular edges that reach toward and recede from each other, shaping the intervening band of light grey graphite. Toward the center of the drawing, the lines between the black and grey are sharpest, defining three discrete bands. The shading of the center band is a subtle gradient that takes us from one darkened edge through a lighter center and back, suggesting a focal point, or a dome or arch being viewed through a crack. At the darkened edges, the lines between the bands blur and the charcoal seems to bleed into the graphite, further suggesting the experience of looking— a center in sharp focus with edges blurred in peripheral vision.
"...multiple layers of meaning give insight into blackness as material and social identity, and creation in the cosmological and artistic senses."
Firmament is part of a series of six drawings that explore the Bible's creation story as detailed in the book of Genesis. The work's title is a reference to Biblical cosmology, which imagines the earthly realm separated from the heavenly realm by a dome called the firmament, a rounded container that sits atop the earth and to which the stars are fastened. Chapter one of the book of Genesis describes the firmament:
And God said, "Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters." And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so. And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.
And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so. And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters He called Seas: and God saw that it was good.[1]
The passage is distinctly visual and has spawned multiple representations of the firmament in artwork, most famously in a wood engraving by an unknown artist that appeared in French astronomer Nicolas Camille Flammarion's L'atmosphère: météorologie populaire (1888). Notably, African-American poet James Weldon Johnson was also inspired by this passage in his poem "The Creation," published in 1927's God's Trombones. That collection was accompanied by illustrations by Aaron Douglas. Coleman was also attracted to the story's visuality, noting that she "was drawn to [Genesis' creation] story because it breaks things down to literally black and white, and it's very graphic the way it's told."[2]
Her rendering of the myth is distinct, however. In Coleman's abstracted drawing we do not see the firmament in cross section as we do in the engraving, rather we seem to be looking up at the firmament through a crack or opening. Perhaps from the perspective of dry land emerging from the seas? But the jagged edges of the charcoal bands do not suggest the flow of water, they are more like rock. It is as though the viewer is lying at the bottom of a cavern looking up and out at the firmament, or heavens, brightest at its apex.
"It became important for me to think about the spaces black people exist in, to make these drawings about the beginning of things."
Other associations emerge when we consider Firmament within the context of Coleman's broader practice, which includes an enchanting series of abstract paintings on paper and canvas made from hair gels commonly used by black women, ceramic sculptures based on hair picks and combs, and another series of sculptures made from synthetic hair. The drawings might seem a departure from Coleman's broader practice, which deploys symbols associated with the black body, stretching and interrogating their meanings through a process of abstraction. In an essay about Coleman's practice, Lilia Rocio Taboada, a recent graduate from the University of Texas at Austin's Masters in art history program, suggests that Coleman's practice is a process of "world-building." Taboada argues that Firmament presents "a multivalent portal to another world," and further that Coleman's work creates "a cosmic place in which body and place are collapsed and exist as one."[3] In earlier work like 2012's Untitled (Eco Styler, African Essence, Softee, Ampro Styl) where brands of hair gel commonly used by black women become the medium for earth-toned paintings simultaneously reminiscent of skin and aerial views of desert landscapes, or Arch (2012) where synthetic hair forms an arch large enough to walk-through, the link between the body and place is clear. The artworks transmute materials associated with the black body into places— a desert, or a portal to move through. I would argue that Firmament also navigates between the body and place, but in a different way.
The artist, who identifies as black, queer and Christian, has said of the series and her use of the Bible as source material: "It became important for me to think about the spaces black people exist in, to make these drawings about the beginning of things. To have an association between me as a black person and the beginning of time. To say that we're in that space, too, and that we've been in these things since the creation." [4]
I have noted that the experience of looking at Firmament is one of looking out at the sky through a crack or tear of some kind, looking out from within. Coleman's words— "the spaces Black people exist in," "we're in that space too," and "we've been in these things"— strengthen my sense that this work represents a looking out from within blackness; the literal blackness of the charcoal, the viewer's position within the dark insides of the earth looking out at creation unfolding, and finally from within the experience of racial Blackness, an experience indexed most strongly through the body. The drawing can also be read as a rendering of the artist's own creative perspective, since the experience of Blackness is also the place from which Coleman creates. In a 2015 interview with Amethyst Beaver for the Blanton Museum of Art's blog, Coleman said, "My work is always in some way about my experience, identity, and perspective as a Black woman."[5] She has also noted the significance of the "rich Black community" she found during her MFA at the University of Texas at Austin, and the mentorship of Black faculty like Dr. Cherise Smith and artist and former UT faculty member Michael Ray Charles.[6]
In this way, Coleman's abstraction of the Biblical story of creation in this subtle and mysterious work puts blackness into conversation with creation in more ways than one.
[1] Gen. 1:6-10 King James Version. [2] Sam Anderson-Ramos, "Christina Coleman at West 2017," The Austin Chronicle, 12 May 2017. Online.
[3] Lilia Rocio Taboada, "Christina Coleman: Material Worlds" in Collecting Black Studies: The Art of Material Culture at the University of Texas at Austin, edited by Lise Ragbir and Cherise Smith, Art Galleries at Black Studies/The University of Texas Press: Austin, 2020. [4] Sam Anderson-Ramos, "Christina Coleman at West 2017," The Austin Chronicle, 12 May 2017. Online. [5] Amethyst Beaver, "A Conversation with Christina Coleman," The Blanton Museum of Art blog, 24 March 2015. Online. [6] Sam Anderson-Ramos, "Christina Coleman at West 2017," The Austin Chronicle, 12 May 2017. Online.

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text:
Titus Andronicus. (Paperback)
The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars.Western literary study flows out of eighteenth-century works by Alexander Pope, Daniel Defoe, Henry Fielding, Frances Burney, Denis Diderot, Johann Gottfried Herder, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and others. Experience the birth of the modern novel, or compare the development of language using dictionaries and grammar discourses. ++++The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++British LibraryT054733Anonymous. By William Shakespeare. Imprint from colophon. Also issued as part of: 'The works of Shakespeare' vol.5, London: J. Tonson, 1735. London: printed for J. Tonson, and the rest of the proprietors; and sold by the booksellers of London and Westminster, 1734]. 69, 1]p., plate; 12.
Publisher: Gale Ecco, Print Editions
Linguistics - General
Paperback (August 3rd, 2011): $31.59
Paperback (December 22nd, 2015): $13.75
Paperback (July 21st, 2018): $17.41
Paperback (French) (December 4th, 2012): $31.58
Paperback, Large Print (February 14th, 2008): $19.75


FULTON, NY – On Tuesday, Sept. 4, the Fulton City School District will conduct a special practice run for kindergarten students.
The buses will start their runs at approximately 8 a.m. and arrive at their respective schools at approximately 8:30 a.m.
Upon arrival at the elementary schools, the bus driver will talk to the students about bus safety.
The buses will begin the return trip at approximately 9 a.m.
On Sept. 5, the kindergarten classroom orientation will be held in each building from 9:30 – 11:30 a.m.
Also on Sept. 5, bus transportation will not be provided for the kindergarten classroom orientation. Parents should plan to drive on that day.
The first full day of school for kindergarten students will be Sept. 6, with regular busing provided.


text:
International Curry Week
Indian diplomats attend Tory reception a week after snubbing Labour
India's cycling prodigy Esow wins third international medal in a week
Esow completed his hat-trick of international medals on Saturday, when he claimed a silver medal in the Men's Sprint event. He had won bronze in men's Keirin earlier and was part of the historic gold medal-winning Sprint Team, which also included Ronaldo Singh and Rojit Singh.
Seventh International Fashion Week in Kochi
Vidyut Jammwal 's 'Junglee' wins two action awards in China
Vidyut Jammwal was in China this week for the Jackie Chan International Film Week where Junglee Pictures' action-adventure 'Junglee' bagged two awards, for Best Action Sequence Choreographer and Best Action Family film.
Gitanjali Rao's 'Bombay Rose' to open Venice International Film Critics' Week
Actor-director Gitanjali Rao's animation feature 'Bombay Rose' will be the opening film at the 2019 Venice International Film Critics' Week.
Weekly Books News (July 8-14)
Watch this week's top book's news!
Hima Das wins second international gold inside a week
Star Indian sprinter Hima Das won her second international gold in women's 200m with a top finish at the Kutno Athletics Meet in Poland on Sunday.
Bangladesh eyes new Rohingya repatriation attempt next week
Some 740,000 Rohingya fled to Bangladesh in August 2017 from a military offensive in Myanmar that the United Nations likened to ethnic cleansing, joining 200,000 already there. The two nations signed a repatriation deal later that year but virtually no Rohingya have volunteered to return to Myanmar, where the group has faced decades of repression.
Nirmala Sitharaman to meet representatives of various sectors during this week
Sitharaman, who on Monday met the heads of public and private sector banks, is scheduled to hold similar meetings during the week with representatives of the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) and automobile sectors, industry chambers, markets, real estate and homebuyers.
Kochi hosts international fashion week
The Kochi International Fashion Week was held a hotel in Willingdon island recently
IndiGo cancels Bengaluru-Phuket weekly flights for 2 months
Citing 'commercial non-viability' as the reason, IndiGo has cancelled two of its non-stop weekly flights between Bengaluru and Phuket, Thailand, for May and June. Six weekly non-stop IndiGo direct flights between Delhi and Phuket, however, will continue to fly.
'Men In Black International' box office collection Day 2: Chris Hemsworth-starrer is the top new release this week
Making a splash at the Indian box office, the Chris Hemsworth and Tessa Thompson starrer 'Men In Black International', has emerged as the top new release of the week.
Wall St Week Ahead-When it comes to U.S. stocks, growth trumps quality
USA-STOCKS/WEEKAHEAD (SCHEDULED COLUMN):Wall St Week Ahead-When it comes to U.S. stocks, growth trumps quality
Diorama International Film Festival concludes in Delhi
Caregivers celebrated for untiring service at GMCH
Kicking off International Nurses Week celebrations, Government Medical College and Hospital (GMCH-32) has come up with a productive line-up of activities to promote health awareness for the entire six-day period. The events will be focused on this year's theme 'Nursing the balance of mind, body and spirit'.
Attari heroin haul: Two sent to judicial custody for 2 weeks
Rock salt importer Gurpinder Singh and Jammu and Kashmir resident Tariq Ahmad Lone were sent to judicial custody till July 14 by a local court.
108 international players from 42 countries in NBA's 73rd season
The 73rd season of World's best basketball league of the National Basketball Association (NBA) tips off on Tuesday.
Eight gold smuggling bids foiled at Cial in June last week
Customs department seized gold worth Rs 61.33 lakh at the Cochin International Airport (Cial) in the last week of June .


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If you are considering debt consolidation, you should talk to an experienced bankruptcy lawyer to explore your options before you take any steps you cannot easily undo.


text:
Rescued from bonded labour, Kancheepuram's Kasi still in fear
Manglore Today News Network
Tamil Nadu, Jul 12, 2019 : Hours after revenue officials released him and two dozen other bonded labourers from the custody of a woodcutting unit owner in Tamil Nadu s Kancheepuram district, Kasi was threatened by those who kept him in custody for several years for a loan of Rs 20,000 as to Yahoo.
After the rescue in the morning, they (revenue officials) dropped us at home late night. They gave us 10 kg rice, a dhoti and a saree before sending us back home. But last night itself, people close to the owner came and threatened us. We are afraid that they will harm us, said Kasi, a resident of Periyakarumbur village near Kancheepuram.
The 70-year-old came under the spotlight after newspapers carried a photograph in which he is seen falling at the feet of revenue officials when they reached the woodcutting unit based on a tip-off that several bonded labourers worked there.
Kasi and the other labourers, all of them belonging to the ST Irula community, have not been given release certificates yet. These certificates cancel the debt to the employer and make those rescued beneficiaries to central and state schemes and give them an assistance of Rs 20,000 on the day of rescue.
A neighbour of Kasi said, He (the owner) is not even absconding. He himself came and threatened us last night.
On Wednesday, revenue officials of Vellore and Kancheepuram districts rescued a total of 42 people from two separate woodcutting units. While majority of them are from Periyakarumbur village, four families had been picked up from Vanthavasi by owner of the woodcutting unit Natarajan and his son-in-law Prashanth.
The rescue operation was conducted in coordination with the International Justice Mission and was based on a tip-off from Released Bonded Labourers Association, a collective of released bonded labourers who are now working for their rights. The 14 people released in Ranipet in Vellore received their release certificates on Wednesday.
I had been working for Natarajan for over five years for Rs 20,000 I borrowed from him, said Kasi.
Ayyappan (25) and his wife Ponniammal (20) are Kasi s neighbours. They married after Ponniammal s first husband died. He (Ayyappan) agreed to look after me and my three children. We had been living inside the woodcutting unit. Once in two months, we were allowed to visit our village to meet relatives but had to return in a few hours, she said.
Ayyappan said he had borrowed Rs 10,000 from Natarajan few years ago for treatment.
I had to keep working for them. It was like a permanent debt. Even after officials dropped us home late last night, owners came and threatened us. They said they will kill everyone if we don t return, he said.
Among those rescued on Wednesday were 10 children, who were forced to work along with their parents to repay their debt.
Kancheepuram sub-collector A Saravanan was not available for comment. Tahsildar Ramani said the sub-collector was the inquiry officer and the release certificates will be issued only after the inquiry is completed. Ramani is one of the officials who rescued the labourers from the woodcutting unit. The moment we entered the unit, he (Kasi) ran to us and fell at the feet. We told him that he shouldn t be doing that and we had come to help them, she said.
Consider completing proceedings of trust vote by the end of day: Guv's message to Karnataka Speaker
Rs 400 cr plot linked to Mayawati's brother seized by income tax officials
Dawood's nephew Rizwan Kaskar arrested in Mumbai in extortion case
'City tour bus' expected to resume services
70th Chartered Accountants' Day on July 1


text:
Anchorage County
13242 Rosser Dr
Eagle River, AK 99577
13242 Rosser Dr is a single family residence located in Eagle River, AK 99577. Built in 2013, this property features 4 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, 9,792 sq ft lot, and 2,082 sq ft of living space. The estimated market value for 13242 Rosser Dr is $414,000.
For the surrounding community of Eagle River, AK 99577, the average sale price for similar homes to 13242 Rosser Dr is $247,182. The nearby schools are excellent and include Chugiak High School, Birchwood Abc Elementary and Mirror Lake Middle School. For this area, there are 3 criminal and sex offenders residing within 1 mile. The natural disaster risk for this area includes very high earthquake risk, very low tornado risk, and minimal flood risk.
Property Details: 13242 Rosser Dr
Parcel Number: 05196310000
County: Anchorage
Subdivision: POWDER RDG SUB PH 7
Tract: 102
Zoning: CEPCD
8/11/2017 Sold N/A N/A Public Records
2013 $1,396 $100,400 $0 $100,400
13234 Rosser Dr, Eagle River, AK 99577
The average sales price of homes similar to 13242 Rosser Dr is $247,182 ($127/sq.ft.)
17837 Beaujolais Dr $250,470 12/21/2018 $126 1,984 sq.ft. 3 Bed, 3 Bath 1.1 mi away
14716 W Lake Rid...
17346 Kahiltna Dr
12336 E Prince o...
This Single Family Residence at 13242 Rosser Dr, Eagle River, AK 99577 is a 4-bedroom, 3.0-bath, property. This residence is 2,082 square feet and was built in 2013. and sits on a lot that is 9,792 square feet
In Eagle River, Alaska where 13242 Rosser Dr is located, there were 10 residences with foreclosure filings for the month of 06/2019, a foreclosure rate of one in every 973 housing units. 13242 Rosser Dr, Eagle River, AK 99577 is in Anchorage County, where there were 83 residences with foreclosure filings during the month, a foreclosure rate of one in every 1,395 housing units.


For the first time in its history of 80 years, a woman has been appointed as head of the National Library and Archives of Iran (NLAI), better known as National Library of Iran.
Ashraf Boroujerdi, faculty member and cultural deputy of Iranian Institute of Human Sciences, who was appointed by President Hassan Rouhani, was inducted as the head of the library at a ceremony at its premises in Tehran on April 10, which also bade farewell to the outgoing chief Reza Salehi Amiri, the current minister of culture and Islamic guidance.
The ceremony was attended by Mohammad Nahavandian, the president's chief of staff; Alaeddin Boroujerdi, head of the Majlis Foreign Policy and National Security Commission, Hesam al Din Ashna, cultural adviser to the president; and Ahmad Masjed Jamei, member of Tehran City Council.
Others who attended were philosopher Najaf Qoli Habibi, a trustee of the National Library; Ali Reza Tabesh, CEO of Farabi Cinema Foundation, established in 1983 in Tehran; Vice President for Women and Family Affairs Shahindokht Molaverdi; and Mahmoud Doaee, managing director of Ettelaat, one of Iran's oldest newspapers, according to the website of the library (nlai.ir).
"The library's collections have seen an increase over the years with the establishment of its strategic council," said deputy head of the library Gholam Reza Amirkhani, in his address.
Amirkhani referred to a collection of 1,200 manuscripts belonging to an Iranian-Armenian scholar living in New York, and said the library is trying to buy the collection.
Another collection was that of Iranian Shia scholar, historian and hadith narrator Abbas Qomi (1877-1941). "Part of the collection has been purchased with state funds. We hope to unveil the entire collection soon," he said.
Salehi Amiri said the main assets of the library are employees. The NLAI can further prosper, and all its accomplishments in the recent years are due to the efforts of its staff and the government, he said.
"To preserve documents is not the sole function of the NLAI; the organization is also tasked with providing favorable conditions for research," said Nahavandian.
"The library's funding has increased 2.5-fold in the past three years, but there is still much to be done in the field of public relations. We hope the new administration will pay heed to this area," he added.
NLAI is an educational, research, and service institution established in 1937. At the highest level, it is chaired by the president.


Use a "help conserve energy... turn off lights when leaving (with graphic)" sign. Improve for your next inspection! Graphic makes sign easily understandable.
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The Cabin on Souder Hill (Unabridged)
Lonnie Busch
Michelle and Cliff Stage bought their isolated vacation cabin in the mountains of North Carolina with hopes of repairing their 18-year marriage. But when Cliff disappears one night searching for the source of a mysterious light in the woods, Michelle's life will change in unimaginable ways. After the sheriff's department fails to find him, Michelle scrambles down the same dark mountainside alone, the strange, beckoning light her only guide.
What she discovers is a cabin, identical to theirs, housing a life she barely recognizes - and a husband she hardly knows. Cliff is a changed man. Now caring and considerate, no longer a manipulative womanizer, he is also missing a finger. He claims that Cassie, their teenage daughter, is dead, killed in a car accident more than a year ago. Michelle knows that's not possible - Cassie had phoned her from Atlanta only hours before. Even when shown Cassie's grave, Michelle refuses to accept she's gone.
Michelle wants her daughter and her life back, and the only clue to what has happened is a man named Pink. A real estate agent and the man who years earlier built Michelle and Cliff's cabin, Pink was rumored to have killed his wife and buried her on the property, then vanished, never to be seen again. But in Michelle's new reality, Pink and his wife still reside in town and Pink's smile-splashed billboards are everywhere.
To get back to the world where her daughter exists, Michelle must unravel the mystery of Pink while questioning her very reality - and her sanity. Haunting, atmospheric, and deeply thought-provoking, The Cabin on Souder Hill questions the very nature of our existence and the choices we make to form it.
Sarah Mollo-Christensen


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Sedd el Bahr (, , meaning "Walls of the Sea") is a village in the Eceabat District, Çanakkale Province, Turkey. It is located at Cape Helles on the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. The village lies east of the cape, on the shore of the Dardanelles. It was the site of V Beach, the landing zone for two Irish battalions, including one from the SS River Clyde, on 25 April 1915 during the Gallipoli Campaign in World War I. Its population is 277 (2021).

At the tip of the Sedd el Bahr promontory is the castle (Sedd el Bahr Kale), also known as Old Castle (Eski Kale), which was built in 1659. The British designated the castle "Fort No. 3" (at the other end of V Beach was "Fort No. 1", also known as Fort Ertuğrul) and it was equipped with ten artillery pieces, including two 28 cm Krupp L/22 guns.  The castle was bombarded by the Royal Navy on 3 November 1914, causing serious damage and killing 86 Ottoman soldiers.

The British attacked the Ottoman forts on 19 February 1915 at the start of the naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign. Sedd el Bahr was subjected to repeated bombardment and raids by naval demolition teams and the position was deemed too exposed. By the peak of naval operations on 18 March, Sedd el Bahr and Kum Kale, across the straits, had been eliminated as threats.

Sedd el Bahr is mentioned in the traditional Irish song "The Foggy Dew" in the line "It was better to die 'neath an Irish sky than at Suvla or Sud el Bar". This line references the 1916 Easter Rising, which took place in Ireland almost exactly a year after the landing at Suvla Bay as part of the Gallipoli Campaign.

See also
 Landing at Cape Helles

References

External links

Fishing communities in Turkey
Gallipoli campaign
Villages in Eceabat District


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Clawhammer Letterpress
Letterpress Printing in Fernie, BC.
RockStar-Shaped at 20
Posted on December 3, 2019 December 4, 2019 by Clawdaddy	Posted in Uncategorized
When I got my first letterpress in 2003, I started looking around a still very young internet for information and inspiration. One of the people already making waves in the modern letterpress community was Jen Farrell of Starshaped Press. Founded in 1999, she's never stopped pushing herself and the medium forward with skill and originality. Many of us later to the party admire her work and have studied under her mastery in one way or another.
One of the most amazing aspects of letterpress culture is how quickly it transitioned from an old-white-guy dominated world to a very ecumenical trade that has gender and ethnic diversity—an unimaginable variety of styles that come from people of every background and country around the world—contributing to the forward movement of this nearly 600 year-old craft. How did it happen? My over-simple explanation of it is this: when the old guard saw their knowledge in danger of being lost, they opened the banquet table to all the beggars. It was a clear decision that their knowledge was more important than their pride.
Some badass typesetting by Jen at Starshaped Press • Photo: Jen Farrell
Almost all of us have some sort of story about being taken in, shown the ropes, and given a bunch of equipment but unexpected mentors. For me it was Peter Bartl and Jane Merks at PB & J. Press, for Jen Farrell it was Paul Aken at the Platen Press Museum (worth a visit if you're ever in Zion, Illinois). Unusual alliances were formed over the love of printing. Life-long bonds of mutual respect have tied that history to a very real and growing craft that is more vibrant now than it was in the 1990s. That vibrancy is built on the foundation of judgement-free sharing by the mentors, but nurtured, grown, and shown to be a viable and sustainable path by the new pioneers like Jennifer.
I'm so grateful to work in this small world were ideas like 'She's pretty good… for a girl' simply do not exist. Jen Farrell is a giant, full stop. It has nothing to do with her chromosomes or her hair style or politics, but it 100% has to do with the fact that she is talented, tenacious and hard-working enough to forge a path through uncharted waters to be the inspiring artist she is. That path has been full of personal and professional adversity. Through the trials she has used her work as therapy, again teaching us all how to weather storms with grace, showing that it's possible (or crucial) to chase inspiration when the needle is on empty. Art is a rope and if you keep winding the strands it can help anyone climb out of the hole.
Photo lifted unceremoniously from www.starshapedpress.com
Over the years I've crossed paths with Jen at gatherings like Hamilton Wood Type's Wayzgooze, and then at her studio in Chicago. I've emailed questions and she's responded thoroughly. I've bought her prints, and she's bought mine. This is the amazing thing about the letterpress community: there is support for all. When you look at who shows up at the gatherings, it's rarely the normal, straight-cut people—it's the freaks. We, the beggars at the banquet, went to knock on the door and found it standing open, and a person like Jen standing there with a greeting saying "I was hoping you'd come, you seem interesting". Over the years I'm quite honored to have grown to know Jen as peer and friend. I'm also quite honored to continue to follow in her giant footsteps. Our styles are so very different, but I am constantly inspired by her desire to do things extremely well, very thoughtfully, and almost always in service of her community in some way. Those are skills worth emulating and it keeps pushing me to do the same.
All of this to say, I'm very grateful to have stumbled into this crazy world of printers, print-makers, designers, trades-people and book geeks. I'm glad that while the outside world is talking about gender-equality and colonial attitudes, letterpress printers have been quietly and diligently changing our internal world for a while now, to the point where we admire people for the work they do, not their social standing or shallow features of their physical person.
I'm also very grateful for Jen, Jo and Starshaped Press for pushing through some hard stuff so we can all see a way. I'm sure that wasn't her intent; as artists we're all compelled break our own path through the ice—but without the likes of Jen there would be no knowledge of that proverbial Northwest Passage. Starshaped at 20 looks pretty amazing; no signs of slowing down at all. Happy 20th Starshaped Press. Here's the the next 20!
To find out more about Starshaped Press, visit www.starshapedpress.com
Clawhammer has moved!


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https://apnews.com/567497b14c6e427cbfa7f04d3def14f3
Way We Hear It: Buffalo Bills rookie Zay Jones struggling with confidence
Staff WriterOctober 27, 2017 GMT
Buffalo Bills wide receiver Zay Jones appeared to have a terrific landing spot in the 2017 NFL draft, going to a team that was badly in need of playmakers in the passing game. The team traded Sammy Watkins and saw Anquan Boldin retire in training camp, opening up a giant opportunity right away.
Additionally, in what was viewed as an ideal situation, Jones' wide receivers coach at East Carolina, Phil McGeoghan, was hired to new head coach Sean McDermott's staff and recommended the Bills take Jones, a Senior Bowl standout who caught an FBS-record 399 passes for the Pirates.
So when Jones struggled early in the season it was not yet a big cause for concern. In his first two games this season, Jones started both but only caught three passes for 39 yards on 10 targets and dropped what was a huge catch in the final moments of the Week 2 loss at the Carolina Panthers.
But the Bills still kept their faith in the player they believed in when they traded up to the 37th pick to draft him in April. Still, we hear that Jones — who took ownership to the media this week for his struggles — has had his self-confidence has been shaken at times.
"He'd drop a pass and was beating himself up inside for it every time," a source told PFW. "He's been having a hard time turning the page, so to speak, so that's what [he's working on]."
Jones has had a good support staff in place, from the Bills' coaches (and especially McGeoghan) to his own family. Father Robert Jones, who played in the NFL for a decade in the 1990s mostly for the Dallas Cowboys and Miami Dolphins, attended the Bills' most recent game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.
Still, Jones struggled in that game, too, catching only two passes for 17 yards on nine targets. And that's at the heart of Jones' issues: He has caught a mere seven passes on the season despite 32 thrown in his direction. That said, as our source estimated, at least 10 of those passes were uncatchable, as Tyrod Taylor's accuracy has been scattershot at times.
What made Sunday's struggles against the Bucs so stark was that Deonte Thompson, signed only five days earlier, caught four passes for 107 yards, including a key 44-yard grab on the game-tying drive in the victory.
There has been a lot of criticism around Buffalo with Jones' play, and he understands why.
"It's fair," Jones said, via ESPN.com. "I expect a lot of myself. I know my coaches do. The players around me do. It's really fair, to be honest. Wherever the ball is, it's my job to catch it and do the best I can. …
"So I accept it fully. I'm not running from it. But I know things are going to get better. My time will come."
Jones still has a bright future, the team believes, and it has no plans to stray from its plans with him. There's concern about the lack of self-confidence, but there's no reason to think he can't overcome it eventually.
Visit ProFootballWeekly.com | View Latest E-Edition


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All Night Long è un brano musicale pubblicato come quarto singolo tratto da Overcome, l'album di debutto di Alexandra Burke, vincitrice della quinta edizione di X-Factor inglese.

Il singolo è stato pubblicato in duetto con Pitbull il 16 maggio 2010, insieme al CD contenente la versione originale del brano, cantata dalla sola Burke. Le vendite del singolo nel Regno Unito ammontano a più di 192.000.

Video musicale
Il video, prodotto da Luti Fagbenle e diretto da Rage, è stato girato in una villa, secondo la rivista Look, Hertfordshire in Inghilterra. Il video segue il tema di un party a bordo piscina con artisti circensi e ballerini, con varie apparizioni di Pitbull. La cantante, secondo alcune riviste, ha chiesto ai familiari di riprendere il video con 100 videocamere. L'anteprima del video è andata in onda il 27 aprile 2010, attraverso VEVO.

Accoglienza
La maggior parte delle recensioni sul brano è stata positiva. Robert Copsey ha assegnato alla canzone 4 stelline (su 5)..

Classifiche

Note

Collegamenti esterni


The Montana Distillery's tasting room opened on December 13, 2014 after renovating a building originally built in the 1900's. The structure has previously housed an old boxing club in the 1910'-1920's as well as 2 taverns in the 1940's-1950's; along the way to becoming The Montana Distillery. Located in the rail-road district of downtown Missoula, The MT combines original brick walls with beetle-kill pine wood floors, along with gun-metal & wood trappings, for an old fashioned industrial feel. Our lounge area with more intimate lighting and soft decor', adds a Speak-Easy vibe for an overall relaxing atmosphere. We feature a full array of 30+ Award Winning Craft Cocktails featuring all of our Spirits. In addition to the main Tasting Room, we offer a 700 sqft side room for meetings, parties and special events.


The Testing Organization: To gain an understanding of skill sets, both existing and future, as well as the organizational structure.
The Testing Process: To gain insight into how testing in the network equipment market is conducted today and where the areas for improvement exist.
The Testing Value: To gain an understanding of how testing is viewed and measured inside the organization as well as by its peers and customers.
The report shows that most testing organizations are taxed with a substantial amount of mission-critical work with no level of outside support; many of which have cobbled together their own solutions to aid in automating testing functions. As the network equipment testing market continues to grow in size, it is expected to grow in complexity, creating the demand for commercially available products, tools and services that help to automate testing. The report concludes that the needs of network equipment testing organizations will be a driving force behind this significant shift.
The voke Network Equipment Testing Market Snapshot report can be purchased at http://www.vokeinc.com.
voke also offers a free "What's Next?" blog that examines issues resulting from technology challenges and identifies how technology must be exploited to move society to the 21st century. This free blog is available at http://voke.blogspot.com.
Founded in 2006, voke, inc. represents a new model in thought leadership based on fluid collaboration, discussion, and real-time interactions to deliver strategic advice in technology markets. By communicating, collaborating, and understanding the impact technology has on the world around us, voke delivers market analysis, trend observation, and streaming insight. Companies of all sizes, financial firms, and venture capital organizations turn to voke to harness strategic marketing, independent and impartial market observations and analysis to move markets beyond the status quo.


"Pav Bhaji" A spicy bleng of mixed veggies and spices cooked in butter and served with buttelry soft Pav.
There are many Pav-Bhaji masala powder available in stores. Each one differs in taste and flavors. Pick according to your taste or you can also prepare Pav-Bhaji masala at home using spices powder available at home.
Step 1- Chop cauliflower, potato, cabbage, and carrots. Use fresh green peas or you can even use frozen green peas as well. Wash the veggies thoroughly and in a pressure cooker add veggies with 2 Cups of water and salt as required. Pressure cook for 1 whistle then turn off the flame. Let goes off the pressure completely and remove the veggies in a bowl.


Smooth and Explicit- Finest NuSoul, RnB, Urban Tunes with Hip Hop Elements making you wanna turn the lights down, compiled by http://www.gubi.fm. Some rights reserved. Cover Image by DreamDorian- licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial- 3.0 License.
Compiled by www.gubi.fm - If you like my playlists, please follow my spotify profile.


Visa's new one-click electronic payment scheme allows customers to pay for online goods quickly -- no credentials required -- ushering in the age of the digital wallet.
Electronic payments giant Visa on Wednesday announced a new electronic payment scheme that allows the company's customers to pay for items online with one click (or tap).
The system works by allowing Visa customers to essentially gain pre-approved credentials, doing away with the familiar point-of-scale requirement to input a card number and personal information.
Instead of requiring a billing address, account number and expiration date, Visa will ask only for an email address and password, much like PayPal.
It's the next logical step for Visa, which is looking at the ubiquity of Internet-enabled smartphones as a way to facilitate payments for goods. It's not far-fetched to think that plastic could soon be obsolete.
It's not just a customer play, either. Visa looks at the payment system as a way to gain new customers, not to mention facilitate more payments, from which it takes a cut of the merchant's profits.
The company also sees the system as a way to implement financial services infrastructure in places that don't have it. Mobile phones are owned by people with incomes high and low; Visa sees a chance to maximize its reach in the market.
In countries with established electronic payments infrastructures, expansive Internet usage and broad mobile network penetration, Visa says it will introduce a "digital wallet and services platform" that stores Visa and non-Visa payments accounts and supports NFC payments (using the company's payWave application).
In countries without maturity in any of these three areas -- India, Russia or countries in Africa and the Middle East -- Visa will try to drive account activation by linking accounts (prepaid in many cases) to existing mobile accounts, closing the loop on the mobile money services market worldwide.
Visa's platform play will allow users to customize and save preferences, such as which account (note that I didn't say card!) to use for which merchants. It will also allow Visa to channel personalized offers from merchant partners to customers.
Expected use cases include e-commerce, mobile commerce, micropayments, social networks and -- most interestingly -- person-to-person payments.
Visa has a significant team of partners going into the launch. Among them: Barclaycard US, BB&T Corporation, Card Services for Credit Unions, ICBA Bancard, First Financial Bank of Ohio, Nordstrom fsb, Pentagon Federal Credit Union, PNC Bank, PSCU Financial Services, Regions Bank, Royal Bank of Canada, Scotiabank, TD Bank and US Bank.
Visa will launch the digital wallet in the U.S. and Canada in fall 2011.


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(Crowd)funding
AI and chatbots
Software & SaaS
Gaming & Virtual Reality
How to contact Silicon Canals?
Scaling-up in Europe
Dutch startup ParkBee gets €5M in new funding to open private car parks to the public
by Sharjeel Sohaib
in Internet of things, News, Scale-ups, Startups, Travel & Mobility, Venture Capital
Source: ParkBee
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ParkBee, a Dutch startup has picked up €5 million in new funding for its Parkmobile and Park-line apps that let users book private car parking. The round was led by German-based Statkraft Ventures, with participation from existing investor InnovationQuarter. The app allows private car parks to monetize their underutilized spaces. ParkBee will use the raised amount to scale its business in the UK. Originally launched in Amsterdam in 2016, ParkBee has 60 parking locations on its app in Amsterdam city.
According to the British Parking Association (BPA), "drivers in London typically spend almost eight minutes searching for somewhere to park after each journey". This translates into 44 hours a year, nearly one week in wait-time. The time is significantly higher for New York drivers that spend as much as 107 hours per year just to find parking. Given the figures, ParkBee's move to expand and scale its London operations makes a lot of business sense. The startup also created buzz last year when it was selected to be the most promising from 25 top start-ups in real estate fair Expo Real held in Munich.
Ditt and NDI offer their Amsterdam WTC office to anyone
Are you an innovator of office-spaces? Would you dare to create the office space of...Show More
Are you an innovator of office-spaces? Would you dare to create the office space of tomorrow? Show Less
ParkBee's solution consists of smart proptech hardware that integrates with an existing real estate's existing access barriers and exit doors. Bookings and unlocking of parking are handled via ParkBee's cloud platform accessible to both property owners and drivers via Parkmobile and Parkline mobile apps. The real-estate owner keeps control by managing the number of spots available to their demand and ParkBee will optimize the occupancy of the location. It's also evidence of a larger trend of a growing sharing economy.
"Parking is an enormous hassle in every large city, and streets are only getting fuller, whilst the parking capacity is there but not yet accessible for the general public," said ParkBee commercial director Wouter de Bruijne while talking to TechCrunch.
After the Netherlands, the team now aims to bring accessible parking at premium spots to the UK as well as introduce electric vehicle charging to their customers. ParkBee is already working with a number of private property companies in the UK including JLL, BT and local councils in the U.K.
"ParkBee is a fantastic example of a company providing a solution to a problem witnessed in many cities and large towns. While populations in numerous cities are becoming denser, the infrastructure isn't necessarily in the right state to deal with an increased demand", said Stefan Hülsen, Senior Investment Manager at Statkraft Ventures.
ParkBee had previously secured €1.8 million in funding from four informal investors and InnovationQuarter, the regional development agency for the province of South Holland. It has 60+ locations in the Netherlands and 20+ locations opened in the last months in the UK. With the new funding, the UK team will grow from 10 full-time employees to 25 in the coming months.
Silicon Canals previously reported how crowd-mortgage startup Jungo is bringing the shared economy to the FinTech sector and Goboony's €579k crowdfunding for its motorhome rental marketplace.
In the video below, you can see how the ParkBee solution operates.
Working on next big innovation in health & nutrition?
How do we create a world where we can feed a population of 9 billion, and keep all those...Show More
How do we create a world where we can feed a population of 9 billion, and keep all those people healthy? Show Less
Tags: Funding roundsParkBeescale ups
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Scaling-up in Europe with EIT Digital
Together with our media partner EIT Digital, we have launched an online special on scaling-up in Europe and beyond. Why? We believe that scaleups in Europe have the future. We want to inspire these scaleups to grow in Europe by sharing news, knowledge, and experiences.
Follow the articles in this channel: Scaling-up in Europe or via the hashtag #scalingEU. Or find out more about the EIT Digital Challenge 2019 here.
Dutch startups raised €1.5B in 2019: What about the future unicorns of the Netherlands
Top 10 thriving UK tech companies in 2020
10 best online food delivery apps in London that can deliver meal instantly to your doorstep in 2019
8 inspiring healthtech startups you should know about in 2020
Silicon Canals 2014-2019 | Website: Bright Idiots
Daily news on Europe's technology industry and the startup ecosystem
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Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing laboratory apparatus and furniture. Important products of this industry include laboratory balances and scales, laboratory furnaces and ovens, laboratory centrifuges, and various components, parts, and accessories for laboratory apparatus. Laboratory instruments are classified elsewhere, generally in other industries of Industry Group 382.


Conifer, evergreen tree, 50-80 ft (15-24 m) tall, slow growing, open crown, long pendulous middle and lower branches (weeping), to 2.5 m long. Needles flattened to rounded triangular, 2-3 cm long, apex round or blunt, 2 stomatal lines on the lower surface, tend to point forward on the branchlet, radial distribution on hanging shoots. Cones hang down, oblong-cylindrical, 6-15 cm long, rounded scale-tips, purplish-red, becoming reddish-brown at maturity, seeds black, 3 mm.
Hardy to USDA Zone 6 Native to the Siskiyou Mountains of southwestern Oregon and northern California. One of the rarest and least known American spruce.
breweriana: after its discoverer, William Henry Brewer (1828-1910), a professor of agriculture at Yale.


Download file to see previous pages Same as a roller coaster, action movie paints color to our lives in a way that it avoids that constant boredom in life. Besides acting as a stimulator, it provides us with heroes who we can help identify with and shape our lives (Welsh & James, 2000). For instance Captain America, Iron Man, Jackie Chan and Rambo has been the hero in the movie they feature, and many have always looked at them as role models. The actors have an interesting way of portraying the character as good guys versus bad guys, and it is enthralling to see social justice being fulfilled where the hero wins against the villains. Arguably, these heroes are what that makes the viewer keep returning to the movie time after time. So whether it is Jackie Chan using his fist of fury or Rambo causing havoc upon enemies or Terminator battling another killing machine, these are the things that people are waiting to see when they are at seat of their favorite movie theatre.
The movie The Gladiator and The Avengers are not short of action episodes with enthralling actions filling most part of the movies. The Gladiator exposes us to a hero Maximus Decimus Meridius who leads the Roman army to a important victory against Germanic tribes that helps ends a long-standing war. This makes him win the favor of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius for his show of might in the battlefield (Ward & Allen, 2001).
It is heroic act during the battlefield that convinces the Emperor to choose him as a successor to his son as the possible suitor to save Rome from corruption. This decision does not go well with Marcus Aurelius, the emperor's son and leaves him in despair. Soon enough he commits suicide, and the Emperor maintains his choice for the successor. After the death of his son, the emperor questions Maximus for his loyalty and suspects foul play that lead him to refuse to hand over the throne to Maximus.
The Fight Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 Words. https://studentshare.org/literature/1698436-the-fight.
"The Fight Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 Words", n.d. https://studentshare.org/literature/1698436-the-fight.
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For Sale, 1987 O'Day 272LE with a 2009 Karavan Trailer. The 272LE was one of the last models O'day sailboats produced and the most popular. The boat is equipped with a Westerbeke 10-2 2cyl diesel engine (approx 50 hrs), Edson wheel steering, galley, head, CDI roller furler, sleeps 4 comfortably. Galley is equipped with an alcohol stove and stainless steel sink. The only electronics in the boat is a marine radio. The engine has had the oil and fuel filters changed every year in use. New raw water pump 2010, exhaust elbow, and new fuel filter system. The sails are original. There is some minor cobwebbing of the deck gelcoat, this can be expected of a vessel of this vintage. Keel sump dry. no leakage. Sailboat comes with a 2009 galvanized Karavan trailer that I converted to a sailboat trailer. The trailer is rated for 9200lbs. Tires are excellent.
In case you look at the HIN number for this boat, the following is an explanation. The 272 and 272LE were built during the last few years that O'Day was in existence, and the corporate ownership was changing during this time (though not the brand name). For this reason, the owner's manual says O'Day but the hull identification number says Starcraft Sailboat Products (STR) instead of the XDY for O'Day.
*****Note: Pictures were taken approximately five years ago. Sailboat has always been shrink-wrapped during the winter season and maintained.
If you have any questions just email or call me at 774-994-5580. I will consider any reasonable offer. Thanks for looking.


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Q: How to extract object content in C# without using Json I need sample code for below issue.
How to Extract the Object information/Content in C# without using JSON. If Object is complex object.We want to extract the object information at runtime. Object content  unknown generic type,String,Primitive,property etc.How to check the depth level of object.?

A: Cast your JSON text to JObject instance in the Json.NET lib, then you can traverse through all properties and analyze them. Look at the following code:
string json = "{\"name\" : \"Jim\", \"age\" : 20}";
JObject o = JObject.Parse(json);

Otherwise, if you want to examine a System.Object then use reflection. Look for reference documentation on Type class

A: Consider reflection to get all the properties of an object.  For complex types you will need to iterate your way through, reflecting each one and counting the levels.  Check this post to get started - Properties from a class

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Knowledge of Calculus I content and an undergraduate degree. Students in all 50 states and at overseas schools have successfully completed this course.
The primary goal of this Professional Development (PD) course is for the student to begin to acquire the techniques necessary to effectively teach Calculus I at the secondary level. This course will focus on the investigation of materials, pedagogy, and technology to teach Calculus I and to refresh content knowledge in ways that conform to the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards. Students will examine strategies and skills to creatively engage secondary level mathematics students as they begin to master Calculus I.
Textbooks are required for each course and are purchased separately by the student. Please download the syllabus for the information on which textbooks are needed.
The use of a graphing calculator is required. While participants may use any graphing calculator, the supplemental course videos use the TI-83. The TI-84 is very similar and can easily be used as well. Knowledge and competence for use of other graphing calculators will be the sole responsibility of the participant.
This course will be offered through Distance Education. Participating teachers may take up to nine months to complete all requirements. There are no scheduled class sessions or meetings. There is an Internet web site that contains activities, practice problems, four quizzes and a cumulative Final Examination.
Course topics include but not limited to: continuity, limits, introduction to derivatives, implicit differentiation, graphing, mean value theorem, Definite integrals and slope field.
When you are ready to Register, please add the course to your Cart and follow the steps to Checkout to complete your enrollment. When your online registration and payment are received, you will be sent your course materials and access to the Course Online Classroom.


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Food cost warning issued as oil prices keep rising
Residents of northern New Brunswick, Cape Breton, southwest Nova Scotia and Newfoundland could soon be paying outrageous prices for food because of the rising price of oil and gas, Peter Nelson, head of the Atlantic Provinces Trucking Association, said Tuesday.
"You'll soon see the day of $8 lettuce in Newfoundland, and you'll have lots of choices in shoes, so long as they're brown oxfords," Nelson said.
Last summer, analysts were warning that $100-a-barrel oil was on its way. Tuesday, crude surged above US$108 for the first time. To put that in perspective, at the end of March 2007, a barrel of crude was trading in New York just above US$65.
Halifax analyst Bill Simpkins said Tuesday while it's impossible to predict where the price will be in six months, it's unlikely to drop dramatically.
"The days of cheap, low-cost energy are over," Simpkins, an independent consultant, said.
A recession in the U.S. and a corresponding downturn in Canada will keep prices from rising too much, he said, but it's unlikely oil will get significantly cheaper ever again.
"The best guesses I'm hearing from people is that it's high and it's expected to come down somewhat, but nobody can predict it with any certainty. You really need a crystal ball."
The price of oil hits consumers directly when they fill up their gas tanks. It also gets them indirectly when we buy groceries, clothing and furniture. Most goods destined for Atlantic Canada are shipped by truck, Nelson said, and many items are shipped through local ports, then sent by rail to distribution centres in Ontario – and then trucked back. That makes goods destined for Atlantic Canada among the most expensive to ship.
The cost of diesel fuel has risen steadily over the past two years, so the price of the food and other items goes up accordingly.
It's not just the price of gas that makes it expensive to ship here, Nelson said. A truck full of french fries heading from Florenceville, N.B. to Vancouver is cheaper to ship than a truck of the same product from Cavendish, P.E.I. to Newfoundland – because the P.E.I. to Newfoundland truck will run up $500 worth of highway tolls.
As a result, he said, food is likely to become far more expensive and retailers may decide it's just not worth it to send a wide array of products to more remote areas of the region.
"In the winter, the vegetables come from California or Mexico. That's a long way, and they all come by refrigerated truck."
Ian Munro, chief researcher with the Atlantic Institute for Market Studies, said Tuesday rising prices will hurt the Atlantic economy, but argues it won't be a major blow if oil continues to rise gradually.
"I don't think anything's going to come crumbling around us tomorrow. We've been in a fairly high price environment for years," Munro said.
Rising prices may encourage companies to use transload facilities here rather than shipping Atlantic-bound goods to Central Canada and back again, he added.
By Atlantic Institute for Market Studies| 2008-03-12T00:00:00+00:00 March 12th, 2008|In the Media|Comments Off on Food cost warning issued as oil prices keep rising


text:
I "wonderbee"…everything and all things to the precious blessings from heaven who call me "wife" and "mommy".
in Art & Craft - Just for fun, Daily Living, Mommy Musings, Parenting and Kids, Pens
DD drew up this activity sheet for her brother the other night. In her own words, "it has a 'Find the Differences' section, a 'Trace the Dotted Lines' section and the below is for Di Di to colour".
And she sat with him patiently, explaining the sections, keeping an energetic younger brother quietly occupied as her father and I leaned back to catch a breather from the long day.
Sometimes in the middle of cleaning the rooms, I discover little gems left behind by the children. This Friday series was started with the intention of celebrating the imagination and creativity in a young child's world…and hoping that it'll bring a little ray of inspiration and joy to your day, as it does mine.
in Art & Craft - Just for fun, Crayons, Markers and Pencilwork
Trees ~ by Joyce Kilmer
I think that I shall never see
A poem lovely as a tree.
A tree whose hungry mouth is prest
Against the sweet earth's flowing breast;
A tree that looks at God all day,
And lifts her leafy arms to pray;
A tree that may in summer wear
A nest of robins in her hair;
Upon whose bosom snow has lain;
Who intimately lives with rain.
Poems are made by fools like me,
But only God can make a tree.
in Read, Reviews
Oh crumbs…I've started a little thingy I can't quite stop now. 😛
And the worst of it is, I started it at bedtime last night when I pulled out Roald Dahl's The Giraffe and the Pelly and Me.
For one, it was obviously a very quick silent read when I reviewed it silently before putting it on the kids' bookshelf. But I sure set myself up for some serious vocal exercise when I chose to do it as a read-aloud bedtime story.
As a child, when I read Roald Dahl, I used to totally ham it up when reading his signature silly rhymes. 😛
So in the book, there's this catchy little song titled "We are the Window Cleaners!".
I made up a little tune to go with it, and I think now I'm going to have to sing this more often than I anticipated, because each time we get to the line "The Giraffe and the Pelly and me!", DS bursts into uproarious laughter and asks for me to do it again. He laughed so hard he couldn't drink his milk properly, and had me really worried it would spill all over the sofa. (Thank God it didn't, but it took him and his sister FOREVER to finish because they'd stop and then start giggling all over again. Gah.)
A really funny and heartwarming read, with magic and wit and wackiness thrown in, I also found the text suitable for young minds (meaning I don't have to censor any grisly deaths or violent actions). [Note to parents: I still censor out some of the Duke's exclamations where I feel I'm not ready to explain the euphemisms used. That, and it's not all that fruitful during a read-aloud at this present stage. But the censorship is fairly minimal.]
This is such a classic that I don't think you'll need a synopsis. There are plenty of reviews on Amazon to cover that.
But what I will tell you is how the book had me for keeps at the ending verse –
"We have tears in our eyes
As we wave our goodbyes,
We so loved being with you, we three.
So do please now and then
Come and see us again,
The Giraffe and the Pelly and me.
All you do is to look
At a page in this book
Because that's where we always will be
No book ever ends
When it's full of your friends
A poorly stitched brown teddy bear sits forgotten on the shelves of a little toy shop. Having no mouth, he is unable to speak. The other toys laugh at him and call him Pauper Bear. All Pauper Bear wants is to find a good home and be loved by his owner.
In contrast, Prince Bear, is well-stitched and has a fine little crown. He is very proud and loves only himself, often boasting how he had been specially made stitch by stitch "until I was perfect".
A week before Christmas, Prince Bear is chosen off the shelves by a rich little girl who lives in a lovely big house. Pauper Bear looks on sadly. A little boy wanders into the shop, and with his small amount of pocket money, asks the shopkeeper, "Please, this is all I have. Is there anything in this shop I can buy?" Pauper Bear leans so eagerly out from the top of the shelf that he loses his balance and falls to the ground. Noticing him, the shopkeeper says he is a teddy bear nobody wants to buy, and gives him away for free to the little boy.
But more than just a story of a prince and pauper and a twist in their destinies and expectations, this story is inspired by the real life story of Emily Lim, author of the book who was struck with spasmodic dysphonia, a neurological voice disorder, in the prime of her career and her experiences of coping with the disorder.
With her heartwarming stories of love, friendship, compassion, selflessness, grace and restoration, Emily has earned multiple accolades for her work, receiving the Independent Publishers (IPPY) Book Awards in 2008 for Prince Bear and Pauper Bear, in 2009 for Just Teddy and in 2010 for Bunny Finds the Right Stuff. Her book, The Tale of Rusty Horse won the Moonbeam Children's Book Award in 2009.
Click here to read more about Emily and her story, and the other books in her series.
in Daily Living, Food and Health, Growth and Milestones, Mommy Musings, Parenting and Kids
kitchen counter dusty with icing sugar
perfect recipe of vanilla buttercream swirled in the mixer
gobs of tissue paper, piled up toothpicks of Wilton deep red and royal blue
kids bent over with laughter and giggles
sugar highs from too much cake
late night papercraft ventures and conversations with your lifelong best friend
of how you will never attempt such a crazy thing again
yet knowing full well that you'll go ahead and do it anyway and crazier the next time round
three hugs a day for long life
three cheers each meal for birthday celebrations
and three glorious reasons and persons to celebrate life with for life.
in Academics, Early Preschooler Math, Parenting and Kids, Read, Reviews
Bookmark Monday: Medieval Math
So sue me, I like corny math story books. But with a title like Sir Cumference and the King's Tens, you're not just that wee bit curious of the content?
Noticing that the King has been rather gloomy of late, Lady Di of Ameter suggests to her husband, Sir Cumference the idea of hosting a surprise birthday party for the King. Which is a great idea, except now the castle is burgeoning with guests and more are arriving by the minute, and Lady Di needs a way to figure out how many lunches she needs to tell the cook to prepare.
With the help of the Knights of the Round Table – Sir Kell, Sir Tangent and Sir Lionel Segment, Sir Cumference and Lady Di of Ameter must quickly figure out the most time-efficient and accurate method of counting the total number of guests.
Line them all in a straight line and count?….Too slow….
Form small circles and total the sum of parts? …Too exhausting…
Cindy Neuschwander cleverly introduces "place value" in an entertaining and engaging way as the story makes use of tents to illustrate the concept by separating the 9,999 guests that show up for King Arthur's party into nine groups of one thousand, nine groups of one hundred, nine groups of ten and nine single guests, divided into four tents or number neighbourhoods.
I'll be keeping an eye out for the rest of the Sir Cumference series now.
Huzzah for more corny math storybooks!
in Art & Craft - Just for fun, Cut and Paste, Mommy Musings, Parenting and Kids, Play
Preschooler Art: Recycle Art
I had no idea what she had in mind on Sunday afternoon when she asked me if she could recycle the empty tissue pack from which she'd removed the last sheet of tissue paper to blow her nose with.
What can one reuse a plastic tissue paper pack for?
Oh, unimaginative me!


Wei Dong was born in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, in China.
The family moved to Wuhan where his father was stationed.
He studied at the Beijing Academy of Art and Crafts, for two years.
He graduated with a ( BFA ) from the Beijing Normal Institute.
He took part to the exhibition Paris- Pékin, Cardin Space in Paris.
He lives and works in New-Jersey, U.S.A.


Identity theft is a crime in which the perpetrator uses another individual's personally identifying information to open a fraudulent credit card account or commit other illegal acts under someone else's identity. The most sensitive types of information include one's Social Security number and birthdate, which together may be used to open new accounts. Identity theft has gotten more attention with the rise of Internet technology, although the crime has its roots in "dumpster diving" and other methods of obtaining sensitive information. State identity theft laws typically place regulations on businesses and other entities that regularly handle the sensitive data of others.
The Alaska Personal Information Protection Act addresses several different facets of identity theft, including requirements to provide notice to customers whose personal information may have been compromised. In addition to criminal sanctions, victims of identity theft may sue responsible parties for damages and associated legal costs.
The following chart provides details about identity theft law in Alaska, including the state definition of the crime and different ways it can be committed. See FindLaw's Identity Theft section to learn how to protect yourself and what to do once you're identity has been stolen.
Civil Remedies Available Actual economic damages, court costs, and full reasonable attorneys fees.
Note: State laws may change at any time through the actions of higher courts, the enactment of newly signed legislation, and other means. You may want to contact an Alaska criminal defense attorney or consumer protection attorney, or conduct your own legal research to verify the state law(s) you are researching.


text:
Home / Blog / Employee Car Review – Ross's 2001 Buick Century
Employee Car Review – Ross's 2001 Buick Century
Jeremy Handel
Hey there, Aronson Ad-icts!
Welcome to another episode of Aronson Ads Employee Vehicle Reviews! For our second monthly car review, Mr. Ross Eugene, part-time content writer and avid enthusiast of drooling over cars, has graciously allowed us to delve more deeply into the complexity and elegance that is his 2001 Buick Century.
Unlike last week's 2000 VW Golf, Ross' iconic American sedan has the aesthetics you are more likely to expect from a vehicle over 15 years old. With elegant scratching, a well-placed dent from a foul ball, and some very peculiar rear bumper scratches, Ross' Buick Century has been aged like an old guitar that has been dropped repeatedly over the years.
As I approached the breathtaking Buick Century for the first time, Ross began to shake it from the outside, in order to demonstrate the immense wear on the suspension, which squeaked intently under the pressure.
The first thing you will notice is the heinous cigarette smell that has been ineffectively masked by Ozium, one of the worst odor removal scents imaginable. Purposefully dripped along the front passenger door, several presumably sticky Coke stains line the interior of the sedan. These refined fizzy drink stains result from an acquaintance whose hands are made entirely of butter.
Peppered with rubbish, the floor of the Century crunches under ones foot, reminding me that I will need to purchase bubble wrap at a later date.
This month's ride-along had no particular destination. I recall very little of the conversation between Ross and myself, as the boat-like sedan gave me irreversible seasickness for the rest of the day. I do, however seem to remember mention of the tape deck and how it requires brute force in order to function properly. A quick demonstration proved this to be true.
Extremely non-responsive, jamming on the gas pedal from a rolling 20 miles per hour seems to confuse the vehicle, which reacted more like a screaming mental patient than a car. After a brief discussion, Ross and I estimate that it will take somewhere between 10 and 12 seconds for the Century to begrudgingly reach 60 MPH.
Ross' 2001 Buick Century: Report Card
Overall Grade
If you are looking to purchase Ross' outlandishly used 2001 Buick Century, or if you want help with your next digital marketing campaign, don't hesitate to contact Aronson Advertising through our website or by calling us at (847) 297-1700.
About the author: Jeremy Handel
Born and bred in the heart of the Chicagoland area...Evanston, IL, Jeremy has been a happy-go-lucky professional copywriter for over six years, more than two of which he's spent writing for Aronson Advertising. While he does enjoy long beach walks and candle lit dinners, what he really loves is writing...for the automotive industry. Vehicles are a true passion of his, and the only other thing he would consider writing is a futuristic detective novel featuring a wise-cracking Elf named Rasputin.


Parañaque Mayor Mayor Edwin L. Olivarez and 13 other ranking city officials are now facing plunder and graft charges before the Office of the Ombudsman for their alleged roles in granting questionable tax discounts to private firms last year that has caused the city government to lose more than P453 million in revenue.
Those named respondents to the 16-page anonymous criminal complaint filed by "concerned citizens" include Vice Mayor Jose Enrico T. Golez; Councilors Rufino M. Allanigue, John Ryan G. Yllana, Merlie S. Antipuesto, Vincent Kenneth M. Favis, Florencia N. Amurao, Brillante V. Inciong, Roselle Nava-Tan, Joan Villafuerte, Maritess B. De Asis, and Jacqueline Bustamante-Mendoza; City Legal Officer Rommel A. Frias; and City Treasurer Anthony L. Pulmano.
Also implicated were private corporations D.M. Wenceslao & Associates Inc., Wendel Holdings Co. Inc., Fabricom Manufacturing Corporation, and Aseana Holdings Inc. as owners of several parcels of land along Roxas Boulevard in Barangay Tambo, Paranaque City to whom the huge tax discounts were allegedly given.
The complaint filed on April 15, 2015 said the firms, collectively referred to as the Wenceslao Group, is headed by one Delfin Wenceslao.
Allegedly, the companies paid the right taxes in 1995 until 1997 based on City Ordinance No. 96-13, but eventually paid the same under protest in 1998 claiming an error in tax assessment which they claimed should be lowered from P12,000 to P6,000 per square meter.
Previous story Is your area affected by the fault line everyone is talking about now? Please check here.


text:
static const char kReportParams[] = "?tpl=%s&url=%s";

// SBChunk ---------------------------------------------------------------------

SBChunk::SBChunk()
    : chunk_number(0),
      list_id(0),
      is_add(false) {
}

SBChunk::~SBChunk() {}

// SBChunkList -----------------------------------------------------------------

SBChunkList::SBChunkList() {}

SBChunkList::~SBChunkList() {
  clear();
}

void SBChunkList::clear() {
  for (std::vector<SBChunk>::iterator citer = chunks_.begin();
       citer != chunks_.end(); ++citer) {
    for (std::deque<SBChunkHost>::iterator hiter = citer->hosts.begin();
         hiter != citer->hosts.end(); ++hiter) {
      if (hiter->entry) {
        hiter->entry->Destroy();
        hiter->entry = NULL;
      }
    }
  }
  chunks_.clear();
}

// SBListChunkRanges -----------------------------------------------------------

SBListChunkRanges::SBListChunkRanges(const std::string& n) : name(n) {}

// SBChunkDelete ---------------------------------------------------------------

SBChunkDelete::SBChunkDelete() : is_sub_del(false) {}

SBChunkDelete::~SBChunkDelete() {}

// SBEntry ---------------------------------------------------------------------

// static
SBEntry* SBEntry::Create(Type type, int prefix_count) {
  int size = Size(type, prefix_count);
  SBEntry *rv = static_cast<SBEntry*>(malloc(size));
  memset(rv, 0, size);
  rv->set_type(type);
  rv->set_prefix_count(prefix_count);
  return rv;
}

void SBEntry::Destroy() {
  free(this);
}

// static
int SBEntry::PrefixSize(Type type) {
  switch (type) {
    case ADD_PREFIX:
      return sizeof(SBPrefix);
    case ADD_FULL_HASH:
      return sizeof(SBFullHash);
    case SUB_PREFIX:
      return sizeof(SBSubPrefix);
    case SUB_FULL_HASH:
      return sizeof(SBSubFullHash);
    default:
      NOTREACHED();
      return 0;
  }
}

int SBEntry::Size() const {
  return Size(type(), prefix_count());
}

// static
int SBEntry::Size(Type type, int prefix_count) {
  return sizeof(Data) + prefix_count * PrefixSize(type);
}

int SBEntry::ChunkIdAtPrefix(int index) const {
  if (type() == SUB_PREFIX)
    return sub_prefixes_[index].add_chunk;
  return (type() == SUB_FULL_HASH) ?
      sub_full_hashes_[index].add_chunk : chunk_id();
}

void SBEntry::SetChunkIdAtPrefix(int index, int chunk_id) {
  DCHECK(IsSub());

  if (type() == SUB_PREFIX)
    sub_prefixes_[index].add_chunk = chunk_id;
  else
    sub_full_hashes_[index].add_chunk = chunk_id;
}

const SBPrefix& SBEntry::PrefixAt(int index) const {
  DCHECK(IsPrefix());

  return IsAdd() ? add_prefixes_[index] : sub_prefixes_[index].prefix;
}

const SBFullHash& SBEntry::FullHashAt(int index) const {
  DCHECK(!IsPrefix());

  return IsAdd() ? add_full_hashes_[index] : sub_full_hashes_[index].prefix;
}

void SBEntry::SetPrefixAt(int index, const SBPrefix& prefix) {
  DCHECK(IsPrefix());

  if (IsAdd())
    add_prefixes_[index] = prefix;
  else
    sub_prefixes_[index].prefix = prefix;
}

void SBEntry::SetFullHashAt(int index, const SBFullHash& full_hash) {
  DCHECK(!IsPrefix());

  if (IsAdd())
    add_full_hashes_[index] = full_hash;
  else
    sub_full_hashes_[index].prefix = full_hash;
}

// Utility functions -----------------------------------------------------------

namespace safe_browsing_util {

// Listnames that browser can process.
const char kMalwareList[] = "goog-malware-shavar";
const char kPhishingList[] = "goog-phish-shavar";
const char kBinUrlList[] = "goog-badbinurl-shavar";
// We don't use the bad binary digest list anymore.  Use a fake listname to be
// sure we don't request it accidentally.
const char kBinHashList[] = "goog-badbin-digestvar-disabled";
const char kCsdWhiteList[] = "goog-csdwhite-sha256";
const char kDownloadWhiteList[] = "goog-downloadwhite-digest256";
const char kExtensionBlacklist[] = "goog-badcrxids-digestvar";
const char kSideEffectFreeWhitelist[] = "goog-sideeffectfree-shavar";

ListType GetListId(const std::string& name) {
  ListType id;
  if (name == safe_browsing_util::kMalwareList) {
    id = MALWARE;
  } else if (name == safe_browsing_util::kPhishingList) {
    id = PHISH;
  } else if (name == safe_browsing_util::kBinUrlList) {
    id = BINURL;
  } else if (name == safe_browsing_util::kBinHashList) {
    id = BINHASH;
  } else if (name == safe_browsing_util::kCsdWhiteList) {
    id = CSDWHITELIST;
  } else if (name == safe_browsing_util::kDownloadWhiteList) {
    id = DOWNLOADWHITELIST;
  } else if (name == safe_browsing_util::kExtensionBlacklist) {
    id = EXTENSIONBLACKLIST;
  } else if (name == safe_browsing_util::kSideEffectFreeWhitelist) {
    id = SIDEEFFECTFREEWHITELIST;
  } else {
    id = INVALID;
  }
  return id;
}

bool GetListName(ListType list_id, std::string* list) {
  switch (list_id) {
    case MALWARE:
      *list = safe_browsing_util::kMalwareList;
      break;
    case PHISH:
      *list = safe_browsing_util::kPhishingList;
      break;
    case BINURL:
      *list = safe_browsing_util::kBinUrlList;
      break;
    case BINHASH:
      *list = safe_browsing_util::kBinHashList;
      break;
    case CSDWHITELIST:
      *list = safe_browsing_util::kCsdWhiteList;
      break;
    case DOWNLOADWHITELIST:
      *list = safe_browsing_util::kDownloadWhiteList;
      break;
    case EXTENSIONBLACKLIST:
      *list = safe_browsing_util::kExtensionBlacklist;
      break;
    case SIDEEFFECTFREEWHITELIST:
      *list = safe_browsing_util::kSideEffectFreeWhitelist;
      break;
    default:
      return false;
  }
  return true;
}

std::string Unescape(const std::string& url) {
  std::string unescaped_str(url);
  std::string old_unescaped_str;
  const int kMaxLoopIterations = 1024;
  int loop_var = 0;
  do {
    old_unescaped_str = unescaped_str;
    unescaped_str = net::UnescapeURLComponent(old_unescaped_str,
        net::UnescapeRule::CONTROL_CHARS | net::UnescapeRule::SPACES |
        net::UnescapeRule::URL_SPECIAL_CHARS);
  } while (unescaped_str != old_unescaped_str && ++loop_var <=
           kMaxLoopIterations);

  return unescaped_str;
}

std::string Escape(const std::string& url) {
  std::string escaped_str;
  const char* kHexString = "0123456789ABCDEF";
  for (size_t i = 0; i < url.length(); i++) {
    unsigned char c = static_cast<unsigned char>(url[i]);
    if (c <= ' ' || c > '~' || c == '#' || c == '%') {
      escaped_str.push_back('%');
      escaped_str.push_back(kHexString[c >> 4]);
      escaped_str.push_back(kHexString[c & 0xf]);
    } else {
      escaped_str.push_back(c);
    }
  }

  return escaped_str;
}

std::string RemoveConsecutiveChars(const std::string& str, const char c) {
  std::string output(str);
  std::string string_to_find;
  std::string::size_type loc = 0;
  string_to_find.append(2, c);
  while ((loc = output.find(string_to_find, loc)) != std::string::npos) {
    output.erase(loc, 1);
  }

  return output;
}

// Canonicalizes url as per Google Safe Browsing Specification.
// See section 6.1 in
// http://code.google.com/p/google-safe-browsing/wiki/Protocolv2Spec.
void CanonicalizeUrl(const GURL& url,
                     std::string* canonicalized_hostname,
                     std::string* canonicalized_path,
                     std::string* canonicalized_query) {
  DCHECK(url.is_valid());

  // We only canonicalize "normal" URLs.
  if (!url.IsStandard())
    return;

  // Following canonicalization steps are excluded since url parsing takes care
  // of those :-
  // 1. Remove any tab (0x09), CR (0x0d), and LF (0x0a) chars from url.
  //    (Exclude escaped version of these chars).
  // 2. Normalize hostname to 4 dot-seperated decimal values.
  // 3. Lowercase hostname.
  // 4. Resolve path sequences "/../" and "/./".

  // That leaves us with the following :-
  // 1. Remove fragment in URL.
  GURL url_without_fragment;
  GURL::Replacements f_replacements;
  f_replacements.ClearRef();
  f_replacements.ClearUsername();
  f_replacements.ClearPassword();
  url_without_fragment = url.ReplaceComponents(f_replacements);

  // 2. Do URL unescaping until no more hex encoded characters exist.
  std::string url_unescaped_str(Unescape(url_without_fragment.spec()));
  url_parse::Parsed parsed;
  url_parse::ParseStandardURL(url_unescaped_str.data(),
      url_unescaped_str.length(), &parsed);

  // 3. In hostname, remove all leading and trailing dots.
  const std::string host =
      (parsed.host.len > 0)
          ? url_unescaped_str.substr(parsed.host.begin, parsed.host.len)
          : std::string();
  const char kCharsToTrim[] = ".";
  std::string host_without_end_dots;
  TrimString(host, kCharsToTrim, &host_without_end_dots);

  // 4. In hostname, replace consecutive dots with a single dot.
  std::string host_without_consecutive_dots(RemoveConsecutiveChars(
      host_without_end_dots, '.'));

  // 5. In path, replace runs of consecutive slashes with a single slash.
  std::string path =
      (parsed.path.len > 0)
          ? url_unescaped_str.substr(parsed.path.begin, parsed.path.len)
          : std::string();
  std::string path_without_consecutive_slash(RemoveConsecutiveChars(path, '/'));

  url_canon::Replacements<char> hp_replacements;
  hp_replacements.SetHost(host_without_consecutive_dots.data(),
  url_parse::Component(0, host_without_consecutive_dots.length()));
  hp_replacements.SetPath(path_without_consecutive_slash.data(),
  url_parse::Component(0, path_without_consecutive_slash.length()));

  std::string url_unescaped_with_can_hostpath;
  url_canon::StdStringCanonOutput output(&url_unescaped_with_can_hostpath);
  url_parse::Parsed temp_parsed;
  url_util::ReplaceComponents(url_unescaped_str.data(),
                              url_unescaped_str.length(), parsed,
                              hp_replacements, NULL, &output, &temp_parsed);
  output.Complete();

  // 6. Step needed to revert escaping done in url_util::ReplaceComponents.
  url_unescaped_with_can_hostpath = Unescape(url_unescaped_with_can_hostpath);

  // 7. After performing all above steps, percent-escape all chars in url which
  // are <= ASCII 32, >= 127, #, %. Escapes must be uppercase hex characters.
  std::string escaped_canon_url_str(Escape(url_unescaped_with_can_hostpath));
  url_parse::Parsed final_parsed;
  url_parse::ParseStandardURL(escaped_canon_url_str.data(),
                              escaped_canon_url_str.length(), &final_parsed);

  if (canonicalized_hostname && final_parsed.host.len > 0) {
    *canonicalized_hostname =
        escaped_canon_url_str.substr(final_parsed.host.begin,
                                     final_parsed.host.len);
  }
  if (canonicalized_path && final_parsed.path.len > 0) {
    *canonicalized_path = escaped_canon_url_str.substr(final_parsed.path.begin,
                                                       final_parsed.path.len);
  }
  if (canonicalized_query && final_parsed.query.len > 0) {
    *canonicalized_query = escaped_canon_url_str.substr(
        final_parsed.query.begin, final_parsed.query.len);
  }
}

void GenerateHostsToCheck(const GURL& url, std::vector<std::string>* hosts) {
  hosts->clear();

  std::string canon_host;
  CanonicalizeUrl(url, &canon_host, NULL, NULL);

  const std::string host = canon_host;  // const sidesteps GCC bugs below!
  if (host.empty())
    return;

  // Per the Safe Browsing Protocol v2 spec, we try the host, and also up to 4
  // hostnames formed by starting with the last 5 components and successively
  // removing the leading component.  The last component isn't examined alone,
  // since it's the TLD or a subcomponent thereof.
  //
  // Note that we don't need to be clever about stopping at the "real" eTLD --
  // the data on the server side has been filtered to ensure it will not
  // blacklist a whole TLD, and it's not significantly slower on our side to
  // just check too much.
  //
  // Also note that because we have a simple blacklist, not some sort of complex
  // whitelist-in-blacklist or vice versa, it doesn't matter what order we check
  // these in.
  const size_t kMaxHostsToCheck = 4;
  bool skipped_last_component = false;
  for (std::string::const_reverse_iterator i(host.rbegin());
       i != host.rend() && hosts->size() < kMaxHostsToCheck; ++i) {
    if (*i == '.') {
      if (skipped_last_component)
        hosts->push_back(std::string(i.base(), host.end()));
      else
        skipped_last_component = true;
    }
  }
  hosts->push_back(host);
}

void GeneratePathsToCheck(const GURL& url, std::vector<std::string>* paths) {
  paths->clear();

  std::string canon_path;
  std::string canon_query;
  CanonicalizeUrl(url, NULL, &canon_path, &canon_query);

  const std::string path = canon_path;   // const sidesteps GCC bugs below!
  const std::string query = canon_query;
  if (path.empty())
    return;

  // Per the Safe Browsing Protocol v2 spec, we try the exact path with/without
  // the query parameters, and also up to 4 paths formed by starting at the root
  // and adding more path components.
  //
  // As with the hosts above, it doesn't matter what order we check these in.
  const size_t kMaxPathsToCheck = 4;
  for (std::string::const_iterator i(path.begin());
       i != path.end() && paths->size() < kMaxPathsToCheck; ++i) {
    if (*i == '/')
      paths->push_back(std::string(path.begin(), i + 1));
  }

  if (!paths->empty() && paths->back() != path)
    paths->push_back(path);

  if (!query.empty())
    paths->push_back(path + "?" + query);
}

void GeneratePatternsToCheck(const GURL& url, std::vector<std::string>* urls) {
  std::vector<std::string> hosts, paths;
  GenerateHostsToCheck(url, &hosts);
  GeneratePathsToCheck(url, &paths);
  for (size_t h = 0; h < hosts.size(); ++h) {
    for (size_t p = 0; p < paths.size(); ++p) {
      urls->push_back(hosts[h] + paths[p]);
    }
  }
}

int GetHashIndex(const SBFullHash& hash,
                 const std::vector<SBFullHashResult>& full_hashes) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i < full_hashes.size(); ++i) {
    if (hash == full_hashes[i].hash)
      return static_cast<int>(i);
  }
  return -1;
}

int GetUrlHashIndex(const GURL& url,
                    const std::vector<SBFullHashResult>& full_hashes) {
  if (full_hashes.empty())
    return -1;

  std::vector<std::string> patterns;
  GeneratePatternsToCheck(url, &patterns);

  for (size_t i = 0; i < patterns.size(); ++i) {
    SBFullHash key;
    crypto::SHA256HashString(patterns[i], key.full_hash, sizeof(SBFullHash));
    int index = GetHashIndex(key, full_hashes);
    if (index != -1)
      return index;
  }
  return -1;
}

bool IsPhishingList(const std::string& list_name) {
  return list_name.compare(kPhishingList) == 0;
}

bool IsMalwareList(const std::string& list_name) {
  return list_name.compare(kMalwareList) == 0;
}

bool IsBadbinurlList(const std::string& list_name) {
  return list_name.compare(kBinUrlList) == 0;
}

bool IsBadbinhashList(const std::string& list_name) {
  return list_name.compare(kBinHashList) == 0;
}

bool IsExtensionList(const std::string& list_name) {
  return list_name.compare(kExtensionBlacklist) == 0;
}

GURL GeneratePhishingReportUrl(const std::string& report_page,
                               const std::string& url_to_report,
                               bool is_client_side_detection) {
  const std::string current_esc = net::EscapeQueryParamValue(url_to_report,
                                                             true);

#if defined(OS_WIN)
  BrowserDistribution* dist = BrowserDistribution::GetDistribution();
  std::string client_name(dist->GetSafeBrowsingName());
#else
  std::string client_name("googlechrome");
#endif
  if (is_client_side_detection)
    client_name.append("_csd");

  GURL report_url(report_page + base::StringPrintf(kReportParams,
                                                   client_name.c_str(),
                                                   current_esc.c_str()));
  return google_util::AppendGoogleLocaleParam(report_url);
}

SBFullHash StringToSBFullHash(const std::string& hash_in) {
  DCHECK_EQ(crypto::kSHA256Length, hash_in.size());
  SBFullHash hash_out;
  memcpy(hash_out.full_hash, hash_in.data(), crypto::kSHA256Length);
  return hash_out;
}

std::string SBFullHashToString(const SBFullHash& hash) {
  DCHECK_EQ(crypto::kSHA256Length, sizeof(hash.full_hash));
  return std::string(hash.full_hash, sizeof(hash.full_hash));
}

}  // namespace safe_browsing_util