text:
Henriette Gertrude Walpurgis Sontag, född den 3 januari 1806 i Koblenz, död den 17 juni 1854 i Mexiko, var en tysk operasångerska (sopran).

Karriär
Henriette Sontag var dotter till ett framstående skådespelarpar och uppträdde redan som barn på scenen. Hon blev vid elva års ålder elev vid konservatoriet i Prag, och sjöng från 1822 på de tyska och italienska operorna i Wien, där hon bland annat sjöng Carl Maria von Webers Euryanthe. Sina första större triumfer vann hon dock i Leipzig, där hon 1825 uppträdde bland annat som Agatha i Webers Friskytten, varefter hon samma år anställdes vid Königsstädtisches Theater i Berlin. År 1826 gjorde hon succé i Paris som Rosina i Barberaren i Sevilla, där hon sägs ha överglänst Angelica Catalani som koloratursångerska, och 1827 gick hon över till italienska operan i Paris.

Överallt hyllades Henriette Sontag med lovord, och hennes gager var ovanligt höga. Hon lämnade emellertid teatern 1830, sedan hon 1828 gift sig med en sardinsk diplomat, greve Carlo Rossi. Dessförinnan hade hon av konungen av Preussen adlats under namnet von Lauenstein. Hon följde nu med sin man på hans beskickningar i Haag, Frankfurt och Sankt Petersburg, och lät endast då och då höra sig som konsertsångerska. Äktenskapet med Rossi var lyckligt, men 1849 tvingades hon av ekonomiska skäl åter börja sjunga inför publik. Efter stora framgångar i Tyskland, Paris och London begav hon sig 1852 till Amerika. År 1854 tog hon anställning vid italienska operan i Mexiko, men dog inom kort i kolera.

Eftermäle
Henriette Sontag beskrivs av Eugène Fahlstedt i Nordisk Familjebok som "en utomordentligt älskvärd och begåfvad sångerska, hvars sköna och böjliga sopran förhöjdes af själfullt fördrag och fulländad teknik, förvärfvad genom de samvetsgrannaste självstudier". Vidare ska hennes dramatiska begåvning ha varit särskilt lämpad för lyriska och graciösa roller, såväl i tyska operor som i Vincenzo Bellinis, Gioacchino Rossinis och Gaetano Donizettis verk.

Källor

Externa länkar

Tyska operasångare under 1800-talet
Tyska sopraner
Födda 1806
Avlidna 1854
Kvinnor
Ugglan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Category: Darrell Issa
What is the cause of polarization in American politics today!
On August 24, 2014 By bobdog93In Benghazi, constitution, Darrell Issa, Democrats, economy, Fox News, glenn beck, GOP, GOP obstructionism, grrrymandering, hate radio, health care, life, lobbying, politics, President Obama, rachel maddow, republicans, rush limbaugh, tea party1 Comment
Polarization in politics refers to the divergence of political attitudes ideological extremes. Most discussions about polarization refer to political parties and Democratic systems of government. Typically polarization results in moderate voices being silenced. The extremes in both parties take the lead, which ultimately causes the same in the population. In our political climate the Right Wing extremists have demonized compromise, referring to it as weakness. the polarization in our current political climate has ground our Democracy to a halt. This in turn has hurt the middle and lower class Americans. It has damaged any attempt to fix our infrastructure or deal with anything of political significance. Hopefully i can succinctly describe the cause of polarization today.
Gerrymandering, also known as redistricting has had a bit to do with it. when a sitting representative feels safe from the other side they tend to double down on more extremist views. This is a way to pander to a base. Gerrymandering is illegal in the United States. instead of drawing districts in lines that make sense, the districts are drawn to keep Republican districts safe by splitting up strong Democrat sectors. This has been on full display in states where Republicans are sitting in the majority or as Governors. In several states despite a Democrat winning the majority of the votes they lost the states because of the redistricting. As i said this was found to illegal many, many years ago, yet still happens.
Lobbying is another humongous cause. The Sunshine Rules which came into being after Watergate created more transparency in committee meetings and recorded votes, also opened them up to special interest groups and lobb
yist. Which made it easier to figure out which Congressman were on the fence and needed a little push. This truly opened our Democracy up to the oligarchy our government has become. A perfect example of this phenomenon is when President Obama and Congress (Democrats) started working on the ACA. In the first week about 300 lobbyist from the health insurance industry descended on D.C. Look at who received these donations, it is public record, and you will understand the incredible disinformation about the ACA. Then throw the Citizen's United decision into the mix and everything spins completely out of control. If anyone tells you that decision didn't effect our Democracy is either lying or lives in a box. The candidate who raises the most money wins 94% of the time. Obviously money has a very large effect on our Democracy.
Last but not least, the Media has pushed our representatives farther left or right. As a Liberal I wholeheartedly believe it is more Conservative media then Liberal media pushing the extremism. I watch both sides and identify with little, if any thing the Conservative media says or believes. Republican Darrell Issa, who I personally believe is a disgrace to his Continue reading "What is the cause of polarization in American politics today!" →
Manufactured scandals, the new GOP.
On August 5, 2014 August 5, 2014 By bobdog93In 501(c)4, Benghazi, constitution, Darrell Issa, Democrats, economy, GOP, GOP obstructionism, IRS, john boehner, life, lobbying, President Obama, republicans, tea partyLeave a comment
In the six years President Obama has been in office have been very eventful. Most of the high profile "events" turned out to be absolutely nothing. Darell Issa swore he had a smoking gun, the one that would impeach him. John Boehner has actually filed a lawsuit against the President because of his " liberal" use of executive orders. Then a few days later said the President should act alone on immigration reform. These are a few examples of the insanity that D.C. had become.
Lets cover Benghazi. Republicans shamelessly exploited the death of four Americans in an attempt to hurt Hillary Clinton and unseat President Obama. The Republican led House of Representatives led 8 investigations into the incident, forged emails and even made CNN look horrible with a first hand witness account that was a lie. Darrell Issa has been like a dog with a bone on this, relentlessly pursuing any possible misdeed. Even lying in an effort to trash the President. The eighth investigation proved what the first 7 said, the Obama administration and Hillary Clinton were not guilty of any wrong doing. So the fiscal watch dog Tea Party wasted millions of tax payer dollars on utter nonsense. All they really needed to do was look at who cut funding for embassy and overseas security. Thats right!! The Republicans.
The IRS scandal. The IRS was accused of targeting Tea Party 401c tax exempt organizations. In the opinion of Republicans President Obama ordered the IRS to do the targeting. Turns out that after the Citizens United decision the IRS was targeting all groups. In fact the only ones that were denied tax exempt status were liberal ones. Another scandal DEBUNKED!!!!!! The VA scandal. The Obama administration spent about $60 billion more on the VA in order to accomadate Vets coming home. They were unable to do so and numbers were intentionally falsified to make it look as if they were meeting obligations. Again this had zero connection to the Obama administration other then his appointee. The outraged Republicans it turned out just shot down aid for Vets. Hypocrites i do say.
I personally do not agree with everything Democrats do, nor with President Obama. I always tell people to look at the Monsanto Protection Act r the super secret Trans Pacific Partnership. These are true scandals that are not recieving any coverage. But these arent scandals that would destroy President Obama, so they arent good enough. Although I do not agree with Democrats on everything, I disagree with Republucans on most things and the hateful Tea Party on everything. The Republican disdain for the average American is perplexing to me. I cant understand why normal people vote for them, it is not in their best interest.
Our country, i repeat, our country will never be the same or better again if we cannot get past this hyper-polarization. The hate and despicable actions of so many are directly ripping apart our political spectrum, as well as our morals. I am hopeful that we can move past this. Find our way to what we truly can be. To me, a Democratic society relies on many different forms of government to truly work. Our country is slipping from Democracy into an oligarchy. Lies and venom towards a sitting President is not the answer. But for some it seems to be all they have.
Representative Elijah Cummings calls out Representative Darrell Issa for dishonesty over IRS Scandal.
On June 26, 2013 June 26, 2013 By bobdog93In 501(c)4, Darrell Issa, Democrats, economy, GOP, GOP obstructionism, Interbal Revenue Code, IRS, Muslims, politics, President Obama, Rep. Elijah Cummings, tea party, UncategorizedLeave a comment
Rep. Elijah Cummings (D-Md) threatened to release the full IRS transcripts if House Oversight Committee Chairman Darrell Issa (R-Ca) refuses to. Cummings said " I want every syllable of those transcripts released. If he does not release them, I will. Period." Issa's response was that he thought releasing them would be reckless. Reckless to the Republican crusade to impeach President Obama? Staying true to his word Cummings released them.
The transcripts appear to contradict what Issa said. There was zero evidence that the White House ordered the targeting of Tea Party groups, which Issa said was the case. The Huffington Post reports that Republican and Democrat staffers interviewed IRS official John Shafer on June 6 about the agency's decision to target Tea Party groups applying for 501 (c)(4) tax exempt status. Shafer is a self described Conservative Republican.
Via the Huffington Post.
Throughout most of the interview, Shafer describes the mundane bureacratic challenges of dealing with incoming applications for non-profit status. He said his team the firsr Tea Party application because it appeared to be a high profile case and he wanted to be sure all high profile cases recieved similar attention. "What I am talking about here is that we end up with 4 applications coming into the group that are pretty similar and we assign them to 4 different agents, we don't want 4 different determinations. It's just not good business. It's just not good customer service."
When asked plainly "Do you have any reason to believe anyone in the White House was involved in ths decision to screen Tea Party cases?" Shafer replied " I have no reason to believe that." Asked if he ever communicated with then IRS Commisioner Douglas Shulman about the screening of Tea Party cases. Shafer replied "I have not."
Interviewers also asked Shafer if he told his screeners to specifically pull team party cases. He replied "Again I was not asking them for those kind of cased. If I would have directed them to pull our Tea Party cases, little Susie's Tea Party would have been pulked and it wasn't."
Rep. Issa and the Republican party are guilty of overeach in their quest to discredit President Obama. Issa was convinced he had the goods to dicredit the Obama administration, when he found out he didn't, he hid the truth. This narrative is strikingly similar to the Benghazi "scandal". Where a Republican doctored the emails before passing them on to the press. That's a no-no. This is why in a previous post I focused on Rep. Issa's criminal history. It is important because it showed ge was willing to do illegal things to get what he wants. It showed what he was capable of and my reason for publishing it prove true. This is proof of the Republican party's utter disregard for truth to get their desired outcome.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Every business has employees who sometimes just do not perform. We all have off days and weeks - we're human after all.
But sometimes, no amount of support, coaching or conversation makes a difference.
Managing anyone out of your business, at whatever level, is complex and difficult. There are the legalities as well as the emotional challenges to consider, as well as the impact on the rest of your staff.
At Gazella, we have experience in helping leaders in exiting employees using settlement agreements. We can plan the strategy, look at the costs and work with you to deliver the message and guide you through to a successful outcome.


text:
The American University of Iraq – Baghdad (AUIB) is a private, not-for-profit university established in 2018. It started its teaching activities in February 2021 with 260 students in three colleges: Arts & Sciences, International Studies, and Business. The campus has grown quickly with the addition of five more colleges (Pharmacy, Dentistry, Health Technologies, Nursing, and Law).

History
The university opened in February, 2021. It models itself on other regional American-style liberal arts universities such as the American University of Beirut and the American University of Cairo.

In 2017, after deciding the location, the United States Ambassador to Iraq signed an agreement that would pave the way for the university. Its inaugural class in 2021 comprised approximately three hundred undergraduates. Most of this cohort took English language skills courses at the university's English Language Academy before embarking on their baccalaureate programs.

Campus
The university's campus is located in what was previously Saddam Hussein's Al Faw Palace. The palace was built in the 1990s. The grounds belong to the Iraqi government, which is set to lease its facilities to the university on a fifty-year basis. The university has the option to extend the lease for another fifty years when the current lease expires.
The campus consists of palaces and attached houses; it spans 643 acres (2.6 km2), and has a campus bus service. Diverted water from the Tigris River fills its lakes which some claim contain a unique species of large bass.
Hussein's initials remain etched on into the ceilings, columns, and walls.

Funding and motivation
A founder's message on the institution's website reads, "I am Saadi Saihood and my sons and I have made it our family's mission to usher our country out of its legacy of terrorism and turbulence."

So far, the founders have spent $200 million on renovations and refurbishments.

The institution's website posits, "To be truly American, a university must adopt not only English as its language of instruction but also the culture and ethos of higher education in the United States as recognized through U.S. accreditation."

Academic profile
The university's president, Michael Mulnix, claims the university offers, "an American model of education focusing on the liberal arts,"
Before starting their majors, the university's students spend two years studying philosophy, sociology, psychology, and world history.

College of Arts and Sciences

College of Business

College of International Studies

College of Healthcare Technologies

Other colleges listed on the university's website are; College of Law, College of Pharmacy, College of Dentistry and College of Nursing.

See also
 American University of Iraq, Sulaimani
 American University of Beirut (AUB)
 American University in Dubai (AUD)

References

External links
 new american-university-of-iraq-baghdad-aims-to-train-future-leaders

Private universities and colleges
Universities in Iraq


text:
Hovis Ltd is a British company that produces flour and bread.

Hovis may also refer to:

Hovis biscuit, British manufactured digestive biscuit
Rank Hovis McDougall, now known as RHM plc, United Kingdom food business

People with the surname
Guy Hovis (born 1941), American singer
Hovis Presley (1960–2005), English poet and stand-up comedian
Larry Hovis (1936–2003), American singer and actor
Raymond Hovis (born  1934), American politician, former member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives

See also
Hovi


Do you know someone who's long-term unemployed?: On Tuesday, August 2 and again on August 9, 2016 at 10:30 a.m. Mark Charpentier will discuss Platform to Employment, a public-private partnership in Connecticut that assists those who have been out of the workforce for an extended period of time. "P2E" is a comprehensive multi-week course that provides participants with the hope, confidence, and tools to get back to work in the increasingly competitive marketplace. Those who complete Platform to Employment are assisted with job placement. Find out if P2E is right for your situation and what it can offer you. Please register to ensure seating.


text:
package org.apache.sysml.runtime.compress;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.apache.sysml.runtime.compress.utils.DblArray;
import org.apache.sysml.runtime.matrix.data.MatrixBlock;
import org.apache.sysml.runtime.matrix.data.SparseRow;

/**
 * Used to extract the values at certain indexes from each row in a sparse
 * matrix
 *
 * Keeps returning all-zeros arrays until reaching the last possible index. The
 * current compression algorithm treats the zero-value in a sparse matrix like
 * any other value.
 */
public class ReaderColumnSelectionSparse extends ReaderColumnSelection
{
	private final DblArray ZERO_DBL_ARRAY;
	private DblArray nonZeroReturn;

	// reusable return
	private DblArray reusableReturn;
	private double[] reusableArr;

	// current sparse row positions
	private SparseRow[] sparseCols = null;
	private int[] sparsePos = null;

	public ReaderColumnSelectionSparse(MatrixBlock data, int[] colIndexes, boolean skipZeros)
	{
		super(colIndexes, CompressedMatrixBlock.TRANSPOSE_INPUT ?
				data.getNumColumns() : data.getNumRows(), skipZeros);
		ZERO_DBL_ARRAY = new DblArray(new double[colIndexes.length], true);
		reusableArr = new double[colIndexes.length];
		reusableReturn = new DblArray(reusableArr);

		if( !CompressedMatrixBlock.TRANSPOSE_INPUT ){
			throw new RuntimeException("SparseColumnSelectionReader should not be used without transposed input.");
		}

		sparseCols = new SparseRow[colIndexes.length];
		sparsePos = new int[colIndexes.length];
		if( data.getSparseBlock()!=null )
		for( int i=0; i<colIndexes.length; i++ )
			sparseCols[i] = data.getSparseBlock().get(colIndexes[i]);
	}

	@Override
	public DblArray nextRow() {
		if(_skipZeros) {
			while ((nonZeroReturn = getNextRow()) != null
				&& nonZeroReturn == ZERO_DBL_ARRAY);
			return nonZeroReturn;
		} else {
			return getNextRow();
		}
	}

	private DblArray getNextRow()
	{
		if(_lastRow == _numRows-1)
			return null;
		_lastRow++;

		if( !CompressedMatrixBlock.TRANSPOSE_INPUT ){
			throw new RuntimeException("SparseColumnSelectionReader should not be used without transposed input.");
		}

		//move pos to current row if necessary (for all columns)
		for( int i=0; i<_colIndexes.length; i++ )
			if( sparseCols[i] != null && (sparseCols[i].indexes().length<=sparsePos[i]
				|| sparseCols[i].indexes()[sparsePos[i]]<_lastRow) )
			{
				sparsePos[i]++;
			}

		//extract current values
		Arrays.fill(reusableArr, 0);
		boolean zeroResult = true;
		for( int i=0; i<_colIndexes.length; i++ )
			if( sparseCols[i] != null && sparseCols[i].indexes().length>sparsePos[i]
				&&sparseCols[i].indexes()[sparsePos[i]]==_lastRow )
			{
				reusableArr[i] = sparseCols[i].values()[sparsePos[i]];
				zeroResult = false;
			}

		return zeroResult ? ZERO_DBL_ARRAY : reusableReturn;
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Krishna Nri Org's First Ever Picnic
October 08, 2011, Dallas/Fort Worth
"Know your roots and rich cultural heritage in order to empower and disseminate the same to the future generations" is the theme of the first ever picnic event hosted by the Krishna NRI Org, a non-profit organization established with a mission to unite the non-resident Indians of Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh. The objective of this event is to unite the Dallas area residents affiliated with Krishna district onto a single platform. This event was hosted under the leadership of a team of individuals lead by Mr.Ram Tatineni, Mr Rajesh Veerapaneni, Mr. Srinivas Koneru, Mr. Ramakrishna Korada, Mr. Sridhar Tummala, Mr. Vijay Borra, and well wishers. Dr. Subbarao Ponnuru served as the master of ceremony for the event.
Excellent weather coupled the holiday allowed an enthusiastic crowd of over 400 who gathered mid-morning Saturday at the picturesque Mullapudi ranch located in Celina,TX. The beautiful ranch was filled with families and children along with the visiting parents truly giving the glimpse of the good old village fairs. Attendees took advantage of the opportunity to enjoy the grandeur of the Krishna district traditions, food, native games while bringing childhood memories.
Mr. Ram Tatineni provided an overview of the mission and objectives of the Krishna NRI and explained that the organization is to unite Krishna NRIs around the world to take up service projects in the district. While responding to a question from the audience Mr. Tatineni reiterated that Krishna NRI is not associated with any political party or other organizations of Telugu origin. The membership is open to all Krishna NRIs irrespective of religion, caste or political views.
Mr. Sridhar Tummala recently visited Krishna district and shared a wealth of information about the overall social and cultural situation and the need for such an organization. Mr. Tummala shared his personal story on Krishna district and explained that majority of the NRIs have roots in the villages and it is very important to identify the roots and connect with others so that we can impart the same knowledge to the children.
Krishna NRI team felicitated Dr Navaneeta Krishna Gorrepati and Dr. Prakasa Rao Velagapudi for their decades of service and contribution to the NRI community. A special ceremony was held to felicitate and recognize the visiting parents from Krishna district while recalling the sacrifice and contribution parents made to provide a path for their children. The uniqueness of the event is to bring a variety of childhood memories by conducting natives sports of Krishna district, such as, "Yedu Penkulu, Muddara Ball,Tire Kottudu,Gunny bag race,Thokkudu billa, Kalla Ganthalu,". The credit goes to Mr. Ravi Maddi for organizing the sports and everyone thoroughly enjoyed this segment. Extraordinary outdoor arrangements were made to entertain both adults and kids for maximum fun. How about the exciting Tug-of-War contest between sons and sons-in-law, daughters and daughters-in-law of Krishna district which was well received by the participants as well as the spectators.
How can we have "Vanabhojanalu" without the delicious and authentic Krishna district food menu?. Thanks to the organization and dedicated efforts of Mr. Srinivas Koneru for serving "poornalu, gaarelu, paala-thaalikalu,ariselu, vulava charu" and host of other items served as a part of brunch and snacks. Mr Rajesh Veerapaneni distributed certificates to the winners of various competitions.
The Krishna NRI team thanked many volunteers for their countless hours of valuable time and contribution to the success of the event and especially to Mr. Ramarao Mullapudu for providing the ranch facilities. The event wouldn't have been successful without the help of Mr. Vijay Borra, Mr. Rambabu Tummala, Mr. Srinivas Pamidimukkala, Mr. Satya Boppana, Mr. Rajendra Narayan Das and Mr. Ravi Mantena, Mr. & Mrs. Pratap Yalamanchili who helped with the facilities, audio/video, photography to make the event successful.
Click here for more images https://picasaweb.google.com/103358714327684900506/KrishnaNRIORGVanabojamaluOct8th2011InDallasTX#


The Tuscany farmhouse Podere Cristina is a very spacious, newly restored country estate just 25 km from Siena in a quiet, free-standing position on a hill with breathtakingscenic Tuscan views. The house is spacious, well equipped and comfortable. The interior is decorated in a contemporary style, but still retains much of its original character with exposed arches and terracotta floors, decorated with much antique furniture. Air conditioning is available in all of the rooms of the villa except the bathrooms.
Outside, the villa offers a 14 x 7 meter swimming pool surrounded by sun loungers and parasols, a sun terrace off the living room and also a covered terrace, if you prefer shade for dining alfresco - Each with magical panoramic views.
About 1.5 kilometers of unpaved road lead to this place of rest and relaxation. You can directly start from the house with walking, cycling or jogging while enjoying the magnificent tuscan hilly landscape. Just about 1 km away from the house there is a small farm with a restaurant opened for dinner.
Ground floor: entrance hall; living room with fireplace; dining room and French door leading to the garden; a modern equipped kitchen with oven, cookers, fridge with freezer, toaster, dishwasher and fireplace/BBQ and a small restroom. TV (no satellite) and washing machine are also available.
First floor: it can be reached from both internal and external stair cases: living room, five double bedrooms (queen size bed - two of them can be made as twin on request) each with ensuite shower room. One of the bedrooms has a gallery with an extra single bed, ideal for a child. From the first floor through a flight of steps, you can reach a small living room on the ground floor, with sofa bed (French bed 1.50m wide) and ensuite washroom suitable for disabled (no shower). This living room has a French door leading to the swimming pool area.


text:
print( "some_package.star_importing, doing the star import" )

print("Before", sorted(dir()))

from .pyexpat import *

lala = 1
print("After", sorted(dir()))

print( "Finished" )


text:
Q: AutoMapper Conditional Entity Mapping I have a db entity which stores the Order Addresses like this...

And I have the BLL classes like this...
public class DeliveryAddress
{
    public string Id { get; set; }
    public string PersonyName { get; set; }
    public string CompanyName { get; set; }
    public List<string> AddressLines { get; set; }
    public string Zip { get; set; }
    public string City { get; set; }
    public string CountryCode { get; set; }
}

and another class like this...
public class InvoiceAddress
{
    public string Id { get; set; }
    public string PersonyName { get; set; }
    public string CompanyName { get; set; }
    public List<string> AddressLines { get; set; }
    public string Zip { get; set; }
    public string City { get; set; }
    public string CountryCode { get; set; }
}

and I want to map the EF entity to the above classes on the basis of AddressType column. Can anybody explain me how to do that ?
UPDATE
I want to map to OR.DeliveryAddress if the addressType is "Delivery" and to OR.InvoiceAddress if the addressType is "Invoice"
So far, I have been able to do this, but I don't know how to apply condition on the entity mapping level...
Mapper.CreateMap<OrderAddress, OR.DeliveryAddress>()
       .ForMember(d => d.City, o => o.MapFrom(s => s.city))
       .ForMember(d => d.CompanyName, o => o.UseValue(string.Empty))
       .ForMember(d => d.CountryCode, o => o.MapFrom(s => s.countryCode))
       .ForMember(d => d.Id, o => o.MapFrom(s => s.id))
       .ForMember(d => d.PersonyName, o => o.MapFrom(s => s.name))
       .ForMember(d => d.Zip, o => o.MapFrom(s => s.zip));

UPDATE 2
After discussion with @Yuliam Here is the Fiddle that I could come up with for my problem...

A: You can create a customer mapper to object. And also you don't have to specify each property using ForMember because if the difference is only upper case / lower case (unless for PersonName), by default AutoMapper is case insensitive when mapping the property name.
Create a custom mapper to object.
public class AddressConverter : ITypeConverter<OrderAddress, object>
{
    public object Convert(ResolutionContext context)
    {
        var o = context.SourceValue as OrderAddress;
        if (o == null) return null;

        if (o.addressType == "Delivery") return Mapper.Map<OR.DeliveryAddress>(o);
        if (o.addressType == "Invoice") return Mapper.Map<OR.InvoiceAddress>(o);
        return null;
    }
}

Then define the mapper.
Mapper.CreateMap<OrderAddress, OR.DeliveryAddress>()
    .ForMember(d => d.PersonyName, o => o.MapFrom(s => s.name));
Mapper.CreateMap<OrderAddress, OR.InvoiceAddress>()
    .ForMember(d => d.PersonyName, o => o.MapFrom(s => s.name));
Mapper.CreateMap<OrderAddress, object>().ConvertUsing<AddressConverter>();

Usage.
var orderAddressDto = Mapper.Map<object>(orderAddress);

The actual orderAddressDto type will be based on the addressType. If you have an interface or base class for OR.DeliveryAddress and OR.InvoiceAddress that would be more strongly type. Then replace the object type with the interface / base class.

A: You may want to try taking a look at ResolveUsing
Semi-pseudo code, as I don't know what your entire Domain Model looks like:
Mapper.CreateMap<OrderObject, OrderDto>()
    .ForMember(x => x.Address, opt => opt.ResolveUsing(oo => oo.Type == Invoice ? oo.InvoiceAddress : oo.DeliveryAddress));

I'm assuming here that you have an actual Order entity, which you're trying to make to an 'OrderDto' which only contains one address field.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Think Left
The purpose of Think Left is to present a view of politics from a left-wing perspective.
About Think Left
They Knew – They Lied: ExxonMobil and Climate Change
Posted on July 25, 2015 by adminthinkleft
They Knew, They Lied: ExxonMobil and Climate Change
By Daniel Ross, Truthout | Report
Between 1956 and 1964, Bell Laboratories produced a number of television specials titled "The Bell Laboratories Science Series." The topics ranged from an examination of the Sun, to human blood, deep space, the mind, the nature of time and life itself. The programs were produced by Frank Capra, whose films include It's a Wonderful Life and Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, so the production value of the series was notably superior. Even 30 years later, schools all across the US were still showing these Bell Labs films to students.
In 1958, a chapter in this series titled "The Unchained Goddess" was broadcast. The topic was the weather, and it starred Richard Carlson and a USC professor named Dr. Frank C. Baxter. At one point in the program, Carlson asked Dr. Baxter, "What would happen if we could change the course of the Gulf Stream, or the other great ocean currents, or warm up Hudson Bay with atomic furnaces?" The "atomic furnaces" bit is a quaint throwback to the atom-crazy 1950s, but the response given by Dr. Baxter is what makes this particular film notable.
"Extremely dangerous questions," replied Dr. Baxter, "because with our present knowledge we have no idea what would happen. Even now, Man may be unwittingly changing the world's climate through the waste products of his civilization. Due to our release, through factories and automobiles every year, of more than 6 billion tons of carbon dioxide – which helps air absorb heat from the Sun – our atmosphere seems to be getting warmer. It's been calculated that a few degrees rise in the Earth's temperature would melt the polar ice caps, and if this happens, an inland sea would fill a good portion of the Mississippi Valley. Tourists in glass-bottomed boats would be viewing the drowned towers of Miami through 150 feet of tropical water."
Again, this was broadcast in 1958. The fact that climate concerns were being voiced almost 60 years ago is likely surprising to many, but the history and beginnings of the environmental movement in the US date even earlier. Ten years before, in 1948, the first piece of federal legislation to regulate water quality – the Federal Water Pollution Control Act – was passed. President Eisenhower spoke to the issue of air pollution, which had killed nearly 300 people in New York City two years earlier, in his 1955 State of the Union Address. That same year, the Air Pollution Control Act was passed.
In 1962, Rachel Carson's Silent Spring was published, a watershed event many consider to be the official beginning of the environmental movement. In 1963, the Clean Air Act was passed. In 1968, Paul Ehrlich's The Population Bomb was published, which argued that the world's pollution problems were due to overpopulation. In 1970, President Nixon established the Environmental Protection Agency, and the first Earth Day protest – an event that included some 20 million people nationwide, then the largest protest in US history – was held.
In 1974, the first detailed scientific research connecting chlorofluorocarbons to the depletion of the ozone layer was released, and was augmented two years later. In 1979, President Carter pledged to embark upon a program to ensure that the US would get 20 percent of its energy from renewable resources by 2000. That same year, he installed solar panels on the White House, which President Reagan removed after he took office. Reagan, in his first year, slashed the EPA's budget by more than half. In 1988, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established.
The struggle to identify, diagnose and deal with climate change has been ongoing for almost seventy years, involving presidents and scientists and millions of ordinary citizens who recognized the dangers inherent in a climate affected by our actions … which is what makes this report so thoroughly maddening.
ExxonMobil, it seems, was fully aware of the existence and dangers of global climate change as early as 1981, a fact revealed by a number of recently-released internal memos. The company was looking to exploit a massive natural gas field in Indonesia, but their pet in-house scientist warned against it, because the field was 70 percent carbon dioxide, and drilling for the gas would release the CO2, which would be dangerous to the environment.
For the next 27 years, despite knowing better, ExxonMobil spent millions of dollars to promote "scientists" and think tanks who worked hammer and tongs to promulgate the idea that climate change was a myth. Climate-deniers like Willie Soon of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics made mad bank by spraying scientific falsehoods into the polluted wind, thanks to the largesse of a number of energy corporations, including ExxonMobil.
They knew. They lied. They paid others to lie. They deranged the conversation, perverted bedrock science into a muddle of greed-inspired opinion-based nonsense, and maybe, or probably, humanity might have missed its window to fix all this because of the long delay they created in the name of profit.
Vast swaths of the US West, including Alaska most significantly, are on fire. Many parts of the world, including Europe, are boiling in unprecedented heat waves. California is basically out of water, with no relief to come in the foreseeable future. Half of Greenland's ice sheet is now liquid. Pink salmon, mussels, oysters, clams and scallops are about to disappear from the menu because the oceans are turning to acid. Those oceans are rising 2.5 times faster than originally estimated. Fracking persists, tar sands oil extraction continues to scar the air and the sure-to-leak Keystone XL pipeline marches inexorably toward delivering poison to the world.
People have been working for nearly 70 years to warn us of the dangers inherent in fossil fuels and the unchecked release of CO2. Since 1981 at least, ExxonMobil and other energy interests have known what these dangers represent, but spent money hand over fist to obscure the truth in order to line their pockets.
The ocean is coming. Many very smart people have been warning us of this for seven decades. As for the people who bent their shoulders to the task of denying this inexorable tidal truth for so many years that could have been spent checking and averting this looming disaster, well … I hope their cash can act as a flotation device. They believe themselves to be so powerful, but the ocean brooks no challengers.
For the rest of us: the aftermath of lies. The tobacco companies tried this denial number, and it killed millions of people. The lies of ExxonMobil and the cohort of energy companies who paid through the nose to deny the damage they were doing may well have cashed the final check for life on Earth as we know it. They knew. They lied. How many will die for their profit margin? How many have died already?
Mind the tides. The brutal reality of consequences is coming up the beach.
Copyright, Truthout. Copyright, Truthout.org. Reprinted with permission
This entry was posted in Climate change, Energy, Environment, Foreign Affairs, Globalisation and tagged Climate change, ExxonMobil, fracking by adminthinkleft. Bookmark the permalink.
1 thought on "They Knew – They Lied: ExxonMobil and Climate Change"
wildswimmerpete on July 29, 2015 at 8:32 pm said:
Climate shift is behind the UK's increasingly cold, wet and sunless "summers". While areas in Europe and Russia in higher latitudes are broiling, here in the UK we are now experiencing "Forever Autumn". In fact we have been dealt a double whammy: human-generated climate shift has altered the wind patterns over the North Atlantic, and the increasingly quiet Sun appears to be entering a Grand Minimum. What does that mean to us? Look at the Little Ice Age: roughly 1300 to 1800 – the Maunder Minimum. There was also the shorter Dalton Minimum during Victorian times, the hard winters during that period inspired the snowy winter scenes in contemporary Christmas cards.


text:
Terms: J. A. Fleming
Terms: Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation
Terms: Radio
Leeds & Northrup Company, Philadelphia (60)
Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation, Newark, NJ (21)
D. Appleton and Company, New York (7)
G. Masson, Éditeur, Paris (5)
Longmans, Green, and Co., London (5)
Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, London (5)
Western Electric Company, New York (5)
E. & F. N. Spon, London (4)
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Westinghouse Electric Corporation, East Pittsburgh, PA (4)
Bell Telephone Laboratories, NY (3)
General Radio Company, West Concord, MA (3)
Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (3)
John V. Terry, Carlisle, MA (3)
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The Leeds & Northrup Company, Philadelphia (3)
"The Electrician" Printing and Publishing Company, Ltd., London (2)
Baldwin and Cradock, London (2)
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D. C. Heath and Co., Publishers, Boston (2)
Daniel Davis, Jr., Boston (2)
General Radio Company, Cambridge, MA (2)
George Knight and Sons, London (2)
John Wilson and Son. University Press, Cambridge, MA (2)
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Longman, London (2)
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Universal Scientific Company, Inc., Vincennes, IN (2)
Éditions du Journal Suisse d'Horlogerie et de Bijouterie, Neucha (2)
"The Electrician" Printing & Publishing Co., Limited, London (1)
"The Electrician," London (1)
A. Lahure, Imprimeur-Éditeur, Paris (1)
Advance Electronics Company, Inc., Passaic, NJ (1)
Electricity (407)
Leeds & Northrup Company (55)
Magnetism (53)
Electrical Instruments (33)
C3-H2 (22)
Galvanometers (19)
Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation (18)
C5-C1 (15)
Potentiometers (13)
Leeds & Northrup (10)
J. A. Fleming (9)
Hertz (6)
70 Years of Radio Tubes and Valves
1931 Trouble Shooter's Manual
1932 Official Radio Service Manual: Complete Directory of all 1931-1932 Radio Recievers: Full Radio Service Guide
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Abhandlungen zu der Lehre von der Reibungselektricität
Absolute Measurements in Electricity and Magnetism
An Account of Some Remarkable Applications of the Electric Fluid to the Useful Arts
Advanced Theory of Electricity and Magnetism: A Text-Book for Colleges and Technical Schools


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text:
Health|For Science's Gatekeepers, a Credibility Gap
The Doctor's World
For Science's Gatekeepers, a Credibility Gap
By Lawrence K. Altman, M.D.
Recent disclosures of fraudulent or flawed studies in medical and scientific journals have called into question as never before the merits of their peer-review system.
The system is based on journals inviting independent experts to critique submitted manuscripts. The stated aim is to weed out sloppy and bad research, ensuring the integrity of the what it has published.
Because findings published in peer-reviewed journals affect patient care, public policy and the authors' academic promotions, journal editors contend that new scientific information should be published in a peer-reviewed journal before it is presented to doctors and the public.
That message, however, has created a widespread misimpression that passing peer review is the scientific equivalent of the Good Housekeeping seal of approval.
Virtually every major scientific and medical journal has been humbled recently by publishing findings that are later discredited. The flurry of episodes has led many people to ask why authors, editors and independent expert reviewers all failed to detect the problems before publication.
The publication process is complex. Many factors can allow error, even fraud, to slip through. They include economic pressures for journals to avoid investigating suspected errors; the desire to avoid displeasing the authors and the experts who review manuscripts; and the fear that angry scientists will withhold the manuscripts that are the lifeline of the journals, putting them out of business.By promoting the sanctity of peer review and using it to justify a number of their actions in recent years, journals have added to their enormous power.
The release of news about scientific and medical findings is among the most tightly managed in country. Journals control when the public learns about findings from taxpayer-supported research by setting dates when the research can be published. They also impose severe restrictions on what authors can say publicly, even before they submit a manuscript, and they have penalized authors for infractions by refusing to publish their papers. Exceptions are made for scientific meetings and health emergencies.
But many authors have still withheld information for fear that journals would pull their papers for an infraction. Increasingly, journals and authors' institutions also send out news releases ahead of time about a peer-reviewed discovery so that reports from news organizations coincide with a journal's date of issue.
A barrage of news reports can follow. But often the news release is sent without the full paper, so reports may be based only on the spin created by a journal or an institution.
Journal editors say publicity about corrections and retractions distorts and erodes confidence in science, which is an honorable business. Editors also say they are gatekeepers, not detectives, and that even though peer review is not intended to detect fraud, it catches flawed research and improves the quality of the thousands of published papers.
However, even the system's most ardent supporters acknowledge that peer review does not eliminate mediocre and inferior papers and has never passed the very test for which it is used. Studies have found that journals publish findings based on sloppy statistics. If peer review were a drug, it would never be marketed, say critics, including journal editors.
None of the recent flawed studies have been as humiliating as an article in 1972 in the journal Pediatrics that labeled sudden infant death syndrome a hereditary disorder, when, in the case examined, the real cause was murder.
Twenty-three years later, the mother was convicted of smothering her five children. Scientific naïveté surely contributed to the false conclusion, but a forensic pathologist was not one of the reviewers. The faulty research in part prompted the National Institutes of Health to spend millions of dollars on a wrong line of research.
Fraud, flawed articles and corrections have haunted general interest news organizations. But such problems are far more embarrassing for scientific journals because of their claims for the superiority of their system of editing.
A widespread belief among nonscientists is that journal editors and their reviewers check authors' research firsthand and even repeat the research. In fact, journal editors do not routinely examine authors' scientific notebooks. Instead, they rely on peer reviewers' criticisms, which are based on the information submitted by the authors.
While editors and reviewers may ask authors for more information, journals and their invited experts examine raw data only under the most unusual circumstances.
In that respect, journal editors are like newspaper editors, who check the content of reporters' copy for facts and internal inconsistencies but generally not their notes. Still, journal editors have refused to call peer review what many others say it is — a form of vetting or technical editing.
In spot checks, many scientists and nonscientists said they believed that editors decided what to publish by counting reviewers' votes. But journal editors say that they are not tally clerks and that decisions to publish are theirs, not the reviewers'.
Editors say they have accepted a number of papers that reviewers have harshly criticized as unworthy of publication and have rejected many that received high plaudits.
Many nonscientists perceive reviewers to be impartial. But the reviewers, called independent experts, in fact are often competitors of the authors of the papers they scrutinize, raising potential conflicts of interest.
Except when gaffes are publicized, there is little scrutiny of the quality of what journals publish.
Journals have rejected calls to make the process scientific by conducting random audits like those used to monitor quality control in medicine. The costs and the potential for creating distrust are the most commonly cited reasons for not auditing.
In defending themselves, journal editors often shift blame to the authors and excuse themselves and their peer reviewers.
Journals seldom investigate frauds that they have published, contending that they are not investigative bodies and that they could not afford the costs. Instead, the journals say that the investigations are up to the accused authors' employers and agencies that financed the research.
Editors also insist that science corrects its errors. But corrections often require whistle-blowers or prodding by lawyers. Editors at The New England Journal of Medicine said they would not have learned about a problem that led them to publish two letters of concern about omission of data concerning the arthritis drug Vioxx unless lawyers for the drug's manufacturer, Merck, had asked them questions in depositions. Fraud has also slipped through in part because editors have long been loath to question the authors.
"A request from an editor for primary data to support the honesty of an author's findings in a manuscript under review would probably poison the air and make civil discourse between authors and editors even more difficult than it is now," Dr. Arnold S. Relman wrote in 1983. At the time, he was editor of The New England Journal of Medicine, and it had published a fraudulent paper.
Fraud is a substantial problem, and the attitude toward it has changed little over the years, other editors say. Some journals fail to retract known cases of fraud for fear of lawsuits.
Journals have no widely accepted way to retract papers, said Donald Kennedy, editor in chief of Science, after the it retracted two papers by the South Korean researcher Dr. Hwang Woo Suk, who fabricated evidence that he had cloned human cells.
In the April 18 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine, its editor, Dr. Harold C. Sox, wrote about lessons learned after the journal retracted an article on menopause by Dr. Eric Poehlman of the University of Vermont.
When an author is found to have fabricated data in one paper, scientists rarely examine all of that author's publications, so the scientific literature may be more polluted than believed, Dr. Sox said.
Dr. Sox and other scientists have documented that invalid work is not effectively purged from the scientific literature because the authors of new papers continue to cite retracted ones.
When journals try to retract discredited papers, Dr. Sox said, the process is slow, and the system used to inform readers faulty. Authors often use euphemisms instead of the words "fabrication" or "research misconduct," and finding published retractions can be costly because some affected journals charge readers a fee to visit their Web sites to learn about them, Dr. Sox said.
Despite its flaws, scientists favor the system in part because they need to publish or perish. The institutions where the scientists work and the private and government agencies that pay for their grants seek publicity in their eagerness to show financial backers results for their efforts.
The public and many scientists tend to overlook the journals' economic benefits that stem from linking their embargo policies to peer review. Some journals are owned by private for-profit companies, while others are owned by professional societies that rely on income from the journals. The costs of running journals are low because authors and reviewers are generally not paid.
A few journals that not long ago measured profits in the tens of thousands of dollars a year now make millions, according to at least three editors who agreed to discuss finances only if granted anonymity, because they were not authorized to speak about finances.
Any influential system that profits from taxpayer-financed research should be held publicly accountable for how the revenues are spent. Journals generally decline to disclose such data.
Although editors of some journals say they demand statements from their editing staff members that they have no financial conflicts of interest, there is no way to be sure. At least one editor of a leading American journal had to resign because of conflicts of interest with industry.
Journals have devolved into information-laundering operations for the pharmaceutical industry, say Dr. Richard Smith, the former editor of BMJ, the British medical journal, and Dr. Richard Horton, the editor of The Lancet, also based in Britain.
The journals rely on revenues from industry advertisements. But because journals also profit handsomely by selling drug companies reprints of articles reporting findings from large clinical trials involving their products, editors may "face a frighteningly stark conflict of interest" in deciding whether to publish such a study, Dr. Smith said.


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