LPN Programs in Cheshire CT are designed for anyone seeking to work in a position that helps others, and programs are waiting for you right now!
Classes may take only 9 to 24 months to complete, and at the end of your classes you are qualified to go ahead and take the NCLEX license exam.
The prerequisites for LPN classes vary from program to program, but virtually all will have some basic ones. One must have finished high school or have a GED, be of minimum age to be employed for Connecticut, pass a criminal background check, and lastly you have to test negative for illegal drugs to be eligible for admission.
Selecting which classes to sign-up for generally is a personal choice, but here are several things you should know before choosing LPN programs. The first task in getting started in a career as a LPN is to figure out which of the leading Licensed Practical Nurse schools will help you. We can't emphasize too much the importance of the program or school you choose being accredited and authorized by the Connecticut State Board or maybe a major body like the American Nurses Association. If the accreditation status is good, you could possibly check some other attributes of the training program compared with others giving you the exact same instruction.
What is the rate of success on the license assessment compared to the all the other schools?
The National Council of State Boards of Nursing does, actually, declare that all LPNs require a license. The Nurse Aide Registry controls the federal nursing registry. Becoming your license and included on the federal registry opens you up for employment and to work in the nurse niche.
as a LPNs in Connecticut are fortunate as the latest projections from O*Net Online indicate tremendous growth. Having an estimated average increase in new licensed nurse positions to grow extremely rapidly every year by 2020, the massive rate of growth is significantly above the nation's average for all careers. As you have seen, becoming a practical nurse in Cheshire CT may very well be much easier than you think – especially compared to other jobs.
With the tips and advice we have now supplied, you are ready to decide on your LPN programs!


This current batch is being sold at a sharply reduced price. It's not as strong as normal and for sure is not salty. Everything else about it is as normal. Broth is high fat. Unless beef broth is made with grass-fed bones with properly balanced fats, it's not a healthy broth. If your broth is made from feedlot cattle, then the broth is like corn oil. Our beef broth is zero glycemic, nutrient dense, and has a healthy balance of essential fatty acids. Ingredients: Grass-Fed Beef Bones, water, sea salt, apple cider vinegar.


text:
\section{Keywords:} Sun, Helioseismology, Active regions, Plasma flows, Helicity, Flares}
\end{abstract}

\section{INTRODUCTION}

Strong magnetic flux tubes rise from the base of the convection zone to the solar surface due to magnetic buoyancy \citep{1990A&A...239..326C, 1993ApJ...405..390F} forming active regions and spread out to the solar atmosphere due to the low gas pressure environment. These flux tubes get twisted by the turbulent plasma flows in the convection zone \citep{1998ApJ...507..417L, 2004ApJ...611.1149H, 2006JGRA..11112S01N}. Following the emergence of an active region, surface shearing motions and rotation may also energise and twist the overlying magnetic loops \citep{Kazachenko_2009, Vemareddy_2012}. The magnetic energy gets stored as field-aligned electric current in the flux tube \citep{2011LRSP....8....6S}. Hence, the twisted flux tubes gain high non-potentiality while rising to the solar atmosphere and leads to the build-up of large magnetic energy and helicity in the magnetic structure. The highly unstable flux tubes dissipate stored energy in the form of high energetic events likes Flares and CMEs. Apart from the above described surface dynamics, magnetic reconnection process in the solar corona can also result in these events.

The fluid dynamic descriptors like divergence, vorticity and kinetic helicity derived from subsurface flow measurements improve the ability to distinguish between flaring and non-flaring active regions \citep{2011SoPh..268..389K, 2009JGRA..114.6105K}. Flaring regions are characterized by large values of subsurface vorticity \citep{Mason_2006}. \citet{2005ApJ...630.1184K} has shown that the unsigned kinetic helicity density of flaring active regions correlates well with their corresponding total flare X-ray intensity. Studying the evolutionary curves of subsurface kinetic helicity, \citet{2014SoPh..289..493G} showed that a flare stronger than M5.0 can occur within 8 hours before or after a rise in amplitude.
\citet{2010ApJ...710L.121R} defined a parameter, Normalized Helicity Gradient Variance to study the connection between subsurface flows and flare productivity, and observed that this parameter increases two or three days prior to flare. However contradicting these observations, \citet{Braun_2016} reported that no visible precursor associated with high-intensity flares were observed using the descriptors obtained using helioseismic holography technique.

The twist of magnetic field lines indicates stressed, non-potential flux system and is a manifestation of magnetic helicity \citep{PhysRevLett.33.1139, 2008JApA...29...49P}. \citet{2005ApJ...629.1135H} reported that flare occurs around regions with a high gradient in the magnetic twist and observations show that variance of twist distribution tends to decrease for more flare productive active regions \citep{2003ApJ...597L..73N, 2008ASPC..383..201N}. A more recent study \citep{2022arXiv220405910S} using machine learning models has also shown that total current helicity, unsigned flux and total absolute twist of active regions are good indicators of flare productivity. \citet{2010ApJ...710L.121R} proposed that the magnetic field lines form an unstable configuration due to the subsurface rotational kinetic energy, resulting in explosive reconnection and flare. Also, the photospheric kinetic helicity and current helicity of active regions are observed to be correlated \citep{Gao_2012}. These observations indicate that the twisting of field lines beneath the active region surface plays an important role in defining the current helicity distribution observed on the photosphere.

The extreme space weather conditions resulting from solar flares and CMEs make it essential to have a proper understanding of the physical processes responsible for these events and articulate methods to predict their occurrence and strength. The necessity to develop tools to predict the occurrence of solar flares calls for further studies exploring the empirical connection between subsurface flows and the flare productivity of active regions.
In this article, we study the plasma flow and magnetic field properties of flaring active regions. The plasma flow velocities obtained from the helioseismic measurements are used to calculate the subsurface fluid dynamic descriptors around selected active regions. The temporal evolution of subsurface flow divergence, vorticity, magnetic flux, kinetic and current helicities of these regions and their correlation with flare intensity are investigated. Our study provides observational evidence linking active region parameters to the generation of high-intensity flares.

\section{ DATA and METHODS}
For our analysis, we select 18 isolated active regions which produce high-intensity (M \& X class) flares in solar cycle 24. The tracking period, observed flares and maximum flux (during the tracking period) of these active regions are listed in Table \ref{table:1}. A control group of 12 non-flaring active regions are also selected. All the active regions are tracked for 7 days with the central meridian (CM) distance of the patch center constrained between $\pm 45.5^{\circ}$ during the tracking period to minimize systematic effects. We select 105 overlapping Global Oscillation Network Group \citep[GONG;][]{Harvey1996, Jain2021} Dopplergram patches of size $13^{\circ} \times 13^{\circ}$ on each day. The patches are selected such that there are 15 overlapping patches centered between longitude $\pm 45.5^{\circ}$ and active region latitude ($\theta_{ar}$). Also, 3 overlapping patches are selected on either side of each longitudinal patch. A cartoon representing the patch selection is shown in Fig \ref{fig:1}. According to this selection criteria, the active region is centred at CM distance $-39^{\circ}$ and $39^{\circ}$ on the first and seventh day respectively. Hence we can define the longitudinal location of active region patch as $\varphi_{ar}$ = $-39^{\circ}$, $-26^{\circ}$, $-13^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$, $13^{\circ}$, $26^{\circ}$ and $39^{\circ}$ respectively on the 7 days of tracking. Ring-diagram analysis  is performed on these customized active region patches to obtain the horizontal flow ($v_{h}$) velocities \citep{1988ApJ...333..996H, 2005LRSP....2....6G}. In this study, selected $13^{\circ} \times 13^{\circ}$ patches are tracked for 1440 minutes with 1 minute cadence Dopplergrams using the surface rotation rate \citep{Snodgrass_1984}. Each tracked patch is apodized with a circular function and finally stacked in time to form a data cube. The 3-dimensional Fourier transform of this data cube in both spatial and temporal directions gives the 3-dimensional power spectra  with power concentrated at constant temporal frequencies. These frequencies get shifted in the presence of horizontal flows. The spectra are fitted by Lorentzian profile to obtain the frequency shifts, depth averaged horizontal flow components and other parameters. The flow components from the fit are inverted using regularized least square method to obtain the horizontal flow components at different depths \citep{Jain_2012, Jain_2015}. The measured horizontal flow velocities are interpolated for 33 selected depths between 0 - 15.5 Mm by linear interpolation. The temporal mean of the horizontal flow components (zonal and meridional) of each patch is calculated, and is subtracted from all the individual patches to remove systematic effects. Velocities corresponding to the patch containing the active region are excluded while calculating the mean.

We compute plasma flow parameters such as horizontal flow divergence ($\nabla_r$), vorticity ($\omega_{r}$), and kinetic helicity ($K_{r}$) of each patch as given below \citep{2019ApJ...887..192K}:
\begin{equation}
   \nabla_r = \bigtriangledown . v_{h} = \frac{1}{r sin\theta}\Big( \frac{\partial v_{\varphi}}{\partial \varphi}\Big) + \frac{1}{r sin\theta}\Big( \frac{\partial}{\partial \theta}( sin\theta v_{\theta}) \Big),
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
 \omega_{r} =  \bigtriangledown \times v_{h} = \frac{1}{r sin\theta}\Big( \frac{\partial}{\partial \theta} (sin\theta v_{\varphi})\Big) - \frac{1}{r sin\theta}\Big(\frac{\partial v_{\theta}}{\partial \phi}\big),
\end{equation}
where $\theta$ and $\varphi$ are the colatitude and longitude corresponding to the patch center and, $v_{\varphi}$ and $v_{\theta}$ represents the zonal and meridional flows.The kinetic helicity at different depths is given by
\begin{equation}
    \mathrm{K}_{r} = \int^{d}_{R_{\odot}}k_{r}(r) A(r) dr,
    \label{eqn:kr}
\end{equation}
where $k_{r} = \omega_{r} . v_{r}$, d is the depth, $v_{r}$ is the radial velocity and A is the area of the patch. The radial velocity,
\begin{equation}
    v_{r}(d) = -\frac{1}{\rho(d)}\int^{d}_{R_{\odot}}\rho \bigtriangledown.v_{h} dr + v_{r}(R_{\odot})\frac{\rho(R_{\odot})}{\rho(d)}.
\end{equation}
The density $\rho(d)$ at each depth $d$ is calculated from a solar model - Model S \citep{1998SSRv...85...19C} and $v_{r}$ on the solar surface is considered to be zero.

The surface magnetic flux ($\Phi$) and total unsigned current helicity ($\mathrm{J_z^{tot}}$), where $\mathrm{J_z = (\nabla \times B_z) . B_z}$, (magnetic field - $\mathrm{B_z}$) of the selected flaring and non-flaring active regions observed at the tracking time are obtained from HMI-SHARP data \citep{2014SoPh..289.3549B}. The $\Phi$ and $\mathrm{J_z^{tot}}$ are in unis of Maxwell and $\mathrm{G^2/m}$ respectively. The intensities of all the flares produced by the selected active regions during the tracking period is obtained from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (\href{https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/space-weather/solar-data/solar-features/solar-flares/x-rays/goes/xrs/}{GOES}) data. The intensities of all the flares corresponding to each active region on each day of observation are integrated to obtain a quantity named as Integrated Flare Intensity (FI) in units of $Wm^{-2}$ (see Table \ref{table:2}).

\section{RESULTS}
We compute the absolute values of horizontal flow divergence, vertical vorticity and kinetic helicity of all the tracked patches using systematic corrected flow velocities. The temporal mean (over the 7 days of tracking) of vertical vorticity, $\omega_r$, at each depth, corresponding to the flaring active region and its neighboring latitude patches at $\varphi_{ar}$ are plotted as a function of latitude and depth in Fig \ref{fig:2}. The latitude of active region, $\theta_{ar}$ is represented by black dashed line.
The mean vorticity of active region patches and neighboring latitudes are observed to have large values and are strongest at deeper layers. It can be observed from Fig \ref{fig:2} that regions like 11967, 12192 and 12403 have large values of vorticities over all the depths considered. These regions have produced numerous X and M class flares during the tracking period and have large values of magnetic flux ($\mathrm{> 6 \times 10^{22} Mx}$; see Table \ref{table:1}). However, regions like 11283, 11618 and 12158 have strong vorticities concentrated at deeper layers and have weaker magnetic flux. These regions produce fewer X and M class flares compared to the above mentioned case. This indicates that regions which produce more number of high intensity flares have large vorticities ($\mathrm{> 2 \times 10^{-7} s^{-1}}$) spanning from deeper layers till the surface. The mean vorticity of non-flaring active region patches along with that of neighboring patches are plotted in Fig \ref{fig:3}. The vorticity at the active region locations (dashed lines) are smaller in amplitude as compared to that of flaring regions. For comparison, the color bars of both the figures are saturated to vorticity $5 \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{s^{-1}}$.

The temporal mean of kinetic helicity, $\mathrm{K}_r$, of the flaring and non-flaring active regions along with the helicities of neighboring latitudes at $\varphi_{ar}$ are plotted in Fig \ref{fig:4} and \ref{fig:5}, respectively. The kinetic helicity of flaring active regions and neighboring latitudes are larger in amplitude ($\mathrm{> 10^{15} m^4s^{-2}}$ over all depths) with respect to non-flaring regions, similar to that of vorticity. Also, the $\mathrm{K}_r$ of flaring active regions have larger values ($\mathrm{> 10^{16} m^4s^{-2}}$) at deeper layers. The colorbars are saturated to $\mathrm{4 \times 10^{16} m^4s^{-2}}$.

The active regions selected for our analysis have flared multiple times during the tracking period. The days (t) on which flares are observed and the corresponding integrated flare intensities are given in Table \ref{table:2}. In order to understand the inter-relationship between plasma flow and magnetic properties of flaring active regions, we integrate the $\nabla_r$, $\omega_r$, $\mathrm{K}_r$, $\Phi$ and $\mathrm{J_z^{tot}}$  of the active region patches on two days prior (t-2), one day prior (t-1), on the day (t) and one day post (t+1) all the flares observed during the tracking period. The $\nabla_r$, $\omega_r$, $\mathrm{K}_r$ are averaged over depths 2 - 15.5 Mm. A correlation analysis is performed between the integrated values of parameters and the Spearman correlation values are shown in Fig \ref{fig:6}(a). All the correlations have a significance $> 95\%$ except the one's with correlations $<0.45$. All the flow parameters are strongly correlated with each other and with magnetic flux on all the 4 time periods considered here. However, the flow parameters show highest correlation with $\mathrm{J_z^{tot}}$ on the day of flare. The strong correlations obtained between the parameters at different time stamps with respect to the flaring time, indicate that they evolve in phase with each other. Also, it is interesting to note that the inter relationship between the flow and magnetic properties are strongest on the day of flare and one day prior to it. As a control experiment, the sum of parameters obtained for non-flaring active regions over all days of observation are computed and a correlation analysis is performed between these parameters. We cannot find any significant correlation between the parameters as the median value of the correlations obtained is 0.2  with significance $< 70 \%$.

The relationship of the flow parameters at different depths with the current helicity and magnetic flux measurements at the surface are also investigated. Fig \ref{fig:6} (b) and (c) represents the Spearman correlation coefficients computed between the integrated flow parameters at different depths on the day of flare with $\Phi$ and $\mathrm{J_z^{tot}}$ respectively. The highest correlations between the parameters were observed on the day of flare, hence we consider them for the depth analysis. It is observed that the correlations of the parameters with magnetic flux increases with depth whereas, it is strongest at the shallower depths in the case of current helicity. All the correlations reported here have a significance $> 95\%$. We also check whether the the subsurface kinetic helicity precedes the current helicity observed on the day of flare. No significant correlation is obtained between these two parameters (significance $<70\%$ over all depths) implying the current helicity evolves in phase with the kinetic helicity even at deeper layers, similar to that reported by \cite{Gao_2012} for shallow depths (0-1 Mm). We also notice that the vorticity close to the surface (2Mm) shows significantly higher correlation ($> 97\%$; $> 0.5$) with that at deeper layers  ($\approx$ 7 - 8Mm), observed on the same and day prior. More detailed analysis on the evolution of surface and subsurface vorticities and their inter relationship might help to explain the role of photospheric inflows in magnetic field twisting and buildup  of current helicity. Also, the role of subsurface kinetic helicity in the build up current helicity and their in-phase evolution. But this needs a comprehensive analysis of active region flows at the surface and subsurface layers which provides scope for another study using the improved spatial-resolution Dopplergrams.

Subsequently, we study the role of fluid and magnetic parameters of active regions with the intensity of flares they produce. For this, we correlate the integrated $\nabla_r$, $\omega_r$, $\mathrm{K}_r$, $\Phi$ and $\mathrm{J_z^{tot}}$  on t-2, t-1 and t days with the integrated FI of each active region. The flow parameters are averaged over depths 2 - 15.5 Mm. It is observed that all the parameters computed shows strong correlations with flare intensity. However, to confirm the reliability on the correlations and see whether they are biased by any particular set of active region samples, we consider all unique permutations of 0 - 3 elements from the set of 18 active regions we are analysing. The parameters corresponding to each of the permuted sets are removed and the correlations of the remaining samples are computed. Figure \ref{fig:7} (a) and (b) represents the mean of Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients obtained by removing active regions as explained above. The color gradient represents the strength of correlations. It can be observed that significant correlations are observed on the three days with the strongest correlations on the day before the flare. All the correlation values $> 0.4$ have significance $> 95\%$. Fig \ref{fig:7} (c - g) represents the scatter plots of total FI as a function of the total $\nabla_r$, $\omega_r$, $\mathrm{K}_r$, $\mathrm{J_z^{tot}}$ and $\Phi$ observed one day prior to the flare, plotted in logarithmic scale. The plot and Pearson correlation coefficients given in the table indicate that the parameters except $\mathrm{J_z^{tot}}$ have a linear relationship with the flare intensities.

\section{ DISCUSSION}

\citet{2009JGRA..114.6105K} reported a linear relationship between surface magnetic flux and the subsurface vorticity of active regions and observed that regions which produce high intensity flares are characterized by large values of flux ($\mathrm{> 80 Gauss}$) and vorticity ($\mathrm{> 0.86 \times 10^{-5} s^{-1}}$). \citet{Braun_2016}  also reported results which qualitatively agrees with the above observation. We analyse the vertical vorticity and kinetic helicity of 18 flaring and 12 non-flaring active regions and observe that flaring active regions are characterized by large values of vorticity and helicity compared to its non-flaring counterpart. Also, vorticity and kinetic helicity strength of the flaring regions increase with depth. Our results also agree qualitatively with the previous studies.

The subsurface flow parameters of flaring active regions are significantly correlated with each other and significant correlations obtained on the days prior to, on the day and post flare indicate that the parameters evolve in phase with each other. The same is observed between the flow parameters and surface magnetic flux. Plasma flows converge towards active regions \citep{2001IAUS..203..189G, 2004ApJ...603..776Z} due to the temperature perturbations resulting from the presence of strong magnetic field \citep{1981A&A....94L..17S,2003SoPh..213....1S}. The flow convergence increases with magnetic flux, increasing the strength of divergence and vorticity around the active region and hence the kinetic helicity(Eq \ref{eqn:kr}). The flow parameters show significant correlation with photospheric current helicity one day prior to and on the day of flare. The rise in divergence and vorticity around active regions strengthens the kinetic helicity which results in the twisting of active region flux tubes and this is known as $\Sigma$-effect \citep{1998ApJ...507..417L}. The kinetic and current helicities evolve in phase indicating that the twisting of flux tubes below the active region results in the build up of photospheric current helicity \citep{Gao_2012}. We observe that the correlation between the
flow parameters and flux increases with depth but incase of current helicity maximum correlations are observed at shallower depths.

In the presence of strong magnetic field, the subsurface divergence, vorticity and kinetic helicity of the active regions increases in strength. The resultant shearing motion twists the magnetic flux tubes beneath the surface, which are frozen in the plasma and energises them. The energized sub-surface flux systems are prone to be more flare productive \citep{2003ApJ...597L..73N}. Studies have shown that kinetic helicity/vorticity measurements of active regions show signatures of an upcoming flare, few days to hours prior to the event \citep{2010ApJ...710L.121R, 2014SoPh..289..493G}. We observe that the flow parameters, flux and current helicity one day prior to the flare shows strong correlation with the intensity of the flares generated. This indicates that these parameters one day prior to the flare might be able to provide information about the strength of the flares that an active region can produce during its passage through the solar disc. However, more detailed studies on temporal evolution of active region parameters are required to explore the possibilities of using them to predict the strength of individual flares.

\section*{Conflict of Interest Statement}

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

\section*{Author Contributions}

All the authors contributed to the conceivement of the presented idea. BL, KJ and RW designed the analysis. Ring diagram velocity measurements of customised patches were done by KJ. BL performed the analysis and wrote the manuscript. RW, KJ and DN along with BL contributed to the interpretation of results and in the preparation of final manuscript.

\section*{Funding}
This work was supported by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. BL acknowledges Max Planck Society for the funding. KJ and RWK acknowledge the support from NASA grants 80NSSC18K1206, 80NSSC19K0261, 80NSSC20K0194, and 80NSSC21K0735 to the National Solar Observatory and by NASA grant NNH18ZDA001N-DRIVE to Stanford University.

\section*{Acknowledgments}
This work utilises GONG data obtained by the NSO Integrated Synoptic Program, managed by the National Solar Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation and with contribution from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The GONG network of instruments is hosted by the Big Bear Solar Observatory, High Altitude Observatory, Learmonth Solar Observatory, Udaipur Solar Observatory, Instituto de Astrof\'{\i}sica de Canarias, and Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory. The data used here are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the HMI Science Team. We acknowledge the use of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (\href{https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/space-weather/solar-data/solar-features/solar-flares/x-rays/goes/xrs/}{GOES}) data. The Center or Excellence in Space Sciences India at IISER Kolkata is funded by the Ministry of Education, Government of India.

\bibliographystyle{Frontiers-Harvard}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Fontaine, Hajek and Howden are the guys to watch, at this point.
Anyone else wondering what about Lias Andersson made them think, "this guy's a 7th overall talent for sure"?
Since the day they drafted him.
They were thinking "He's used to not winning, and is entertaining in losing".
Yeah it's WAY early but my biggest fear is IF they wiff on any of these top picks. Hopefully I'm wrong about Lias.
To be fair to him, Traverse City is about the worst possible tournament to be judging his talents in. It's designed to highlight highly offensive players and has a tendency to make defensive-oriented types look worse than they might actually be. I'd withhold judgement until at least preseason.
The tournament is best for 1-on-1 players, or guys that show up for 1 play a week.
really, none of these guys are, and thats a good thing.
We will win the cup in about five to ten years!!! Youth showed us promise in tonight's win vs MIN. Brodeur had a good start tonight. Would it be strange to have an NYR jersey with the name Brodeur on the back?
We actually held a lead for once in an age!
Are we really concerned with anything we see from this tourney? I'm just glad Hockey is back.
No. It's glorified open skate.
7th place game is on now!


According to a new report from research firm Forrester, mobile app developers continue to choose Apple's iOS as their first priority platform, despite Google's Android being the current smartphone market leader, TechCrunch is reporting. The research company drew data during Q1 2013 from its Forrsights Developer Survey, which polled more than 1,600 software developers from North America and Europe.
It seems that 35% of respondents target iPhone as their first priority device, while 27% target Android phones first. The source highlights that "better app monetization" on iOS is typically cited as the reason developers choose to go Apple first. Also, developing on Android typically requires more resources due to high levels of diversity on both the OS and devices side, resulting in a greater number of OS versions and screen sizes to support.
Despite iOS getting this first app mover advantage, more developers target Android phones overall than target iPhones (84% rank Android phones as a priority vs 77% for iPhones). This is to be expected, with Android being on so many smartphones at multiple price-points vs Apple's limited iPhone portfolio. However the iPad does help to expand Apple's developer mojo, with 27% of respondents ranking the iPad as their second priority device vs around a fifth putting the same level of importance on Android tablets. By contrast Windows RT tablets are being largely ignored by developers, according to Forrester's data.
At the same time, Forrester's report also points out that more developers are now splitting their time between native app development and HTML5 i.e spending less time developing native iOS or Android apps and more time building mobile web apps or hybrid apps with web view components.


text:
CHANS Fellows
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Multi-Scale Coupled Natural-Human System Dynamics of Nitrogen in Residential Landscapes
Runoff from urban and suburban landscapes has long been known to have a significant effect upon the water quality of streams that receive this discharge. A particular concern in this area is the export of excess nitrate from the use of fertilizers on lawns, which can promote algal or microbial growth in receiving waters. Recent research has indicated that such nitrate export is less than expected, but the reasons for this are unclear. This project will investigate both the natural processes that may regulate the retention and discharge of nitrogen from lawns, as well as the sociological forces that influence the decisions of homeowners concerning the level of lawn management. The results will be incorporated into a model that will identify the locations and episodes of high nitrate in runoff in order to determine how human decisions and natural processes work together to control these concentrations. The conclusions will be applicable to a wide variety of urban and suburban locations across the country and the project will have direct benefit to the management of the environmental health of Chesapeake Bay.
This project models multi-scale, coupled-system dynamics of nitrogen in residential landscapes to determine how biogeochemical, hydrologic, and human behavioral processes interact to control nitrogen exports from residential ecosystems and landscapes. These models will coordinate information from household surveys, existing data, and geographic information system analyses to evaluate interconnected spatial patterns of lawn management and hydrologic sensitivity. The overarching hypothesis is that large-scale social and institutional influences often induce homeowner lawn-care practices contrary to homeowner preferences, but that significant changes in behavior can be motivated via systematic incentives. Field studies on plots varying in land use history (forest versus agriculture), site management (fertilizer input) and age will be established to test hypotheses about the limits of nitrogen sequestration in lawn soil profiles. Geographic, biogeochemical, and social-science data will be analyzed using ecohydrological models to produce spatial analyses of potential hotspots of lawn fertilizer export at the watershed scale. The effect of alternative policies and homeowner practices on land management and nitrogen exports can then be evaluated rigorously.
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Lead Investigator:
Groffman, Peter
National Science Foundation (NSF) - The only federal agency whose mission includes support for all fields of fundamental science and engineering, except for medical sciences. We are tasked with keeping the United States at the leading edge of discovery in areas from astronomy to geology to zoology. So, in addition to funding research in the traditional academic areas, the agency also supports "high-risk, high pay-off" ideas, novel collaborations and numerous projects that may seem like science fiction today, but which the public will take for granted tomorrow.
Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Michigan State University - A center of excellence that integrates ecology with socioeconomics, demography, and other disciplines for ecological sustainability from local, national, to global scales.
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Coupled human and natural systems (CHANS) are integrated systems in which humans and natural components interact. CHANS research has recently emerged as an exciting and integrative field of cross-disciplinary scientific inquiry, with research projects covering a variety of coupled systems in locations spanning the globe. Although individual projects have generated many important insights, it is essential to systematically transform the field to be more than the sum of its parts and provide broader insights of greater scientific and societal significance than those resulting from individual projects alone. The goal of CHANS-Net is to foster this transformation by facilitating communication and collaboration among members of the CHANS research community.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Look for Red-bellied Woodpeckers hitching along branches and trunks of medium to large trees, picking at the bark surface more often than drilling into it. Their strikingly barred backs and gleaming red caps make them an unforgettable sight.
This bright little fellow brings personality to any backyard garden—and the sweet copper bell at the bottom is a gentle reminder to all of his presence. The woodpecker itself is 8 inches from beak to tail. The entire ensemble from the top of the leather strap to the bottom of the bell is 18 inches.
This is a beautiful gift for any backyard bird-lover! It is made in the U.S. with resin and hand painted. It is durable and will last for years, even outside.


text:
NEW GUIDELINES FOR GENETIC TESTING TO DISESTABLISH PARENTAGE
May 31, 2011 § 1 Comment
Ever since the supreme court's ruling in Williams v. Williams, 843 So.2d 720 (Miss. 2003), that a man under a support order who is proven by DNA testing not to be the father of the child can not be required to continue to support the child, the procedure to be followed has been anything but clear. Up to now, it has been up to each chancellor or county judge to find a way.
Effective July 1, 2011, the law on this point is clarified and specified. The legislature has created a new MCA § 93-9-10, and amended 93-9-9, 93-9-28, 93-9-21, and 93-11-71, to spell out a uniform, orderly process. Here are the highlights:
If parentage was established through a court order, and the father had been offered genetic testing and declined, he will not be granted the relief of disestablishment of parentage.
If parentage was established by the father signing the birth certificate, he will have one year within which to request genetic testing. After that, he can not contest parentage except on a showing of fraud, duress or material mistake of fact. Current law allows only 60 days to contest parentage.
If parentage was established because the parents were married at the time of the birth, the legal father will be allowed to petition for genetic testing so long as he did not continue to hold himself out as the father after learning that he was not the father, or if he prevented the actual biological father from asserting his parental rights. This last provision appears to reflect and cover the situation addressed in the case of Lee v. Lee, 12 So.3d 548 (Miss. App. 2009), which was discussed in a previous post.
This is intended only to be a general summary, so you should read the actual provisions when they appear in your legislative advance sheets.
May 30, 2011 § Leave a comment
UPDATED CHECKLIST OF CHECKLISTS
May 27, 2011 § 5 Comments
Proving your case by proving certain factors is a fact of legal life in Mississippi. I've referred to it as trial by checklist. If you're not putting on proof of the factors when they apply in your case, you are wasting your and the court's time, as well as your client's money, and you are committing malpractice to boot.
Many lawyers have told me that they print out these checklists and use them at trial. I encourage you to copy these checklists and use them in your trial notebooks. And while you're at it, you're free to copy any post for your own personal use, but not for commercial use. Lawyers have told me that they are building notebooks tabbed with various subjects and inserting copies of my posts (along with other useful material, I imagine). Good. If it improves practice and makes your (and my) job easier and more effective, I'm all for it.
Here is an updated list of links to the checklists I've posted:
Attorney's fees.
Attorney's fees in an estate.
Adverse possession.
Child custody.
Closing an estate.
Doing an accounting in a probate matter.
Grandparent visitation.
Equitable distribution.
Income tax dependency exemption.
Modification of child support.
Periodic and rehabilitative alimony.
Lump sum alimony.
Separate maintenance.
MARK LEVY ON THE LEGACY OF FREEDOM SUMMER
I posted Monday about Freedom Summer in Meridian. One of the courageous COFO workers who spent time in Meridian in that summer of 1964, and whom I mentioned in my post, was Mark Levy, who came with his wife Betty to Meridian from Queens College in New York.
Mark took the time to send me a thoughtful response to my post, and I think it is worth your time to read. He raises some intriguing points about preserving the story of how the civil rights movement touched and changed Meridian, and how it can be passed on. There is food for thought here, and a call to action.
As Mark says, there are the seeds of the beginning of a conversation here. Will you join the discussion?
"Ordinary People Doing Extraordinary Things"
Meridian Civil Rights Stories Worth Remembering and Telling
The summer of 1964 touched on people's lives in Meridian in many different ways. Chancery Judge Primeaux's narrative is an important and sensitive step in opening up that conversation. I'm glad that my old photos of daily life in the Freedom School are a contribution.
Similarly important was last month's April 29th recognition by the Mississippi Heritage Trust in Jackson that the Fielder and Brooks Drug Store building and site of the 1964 COFO office at 2505 ½ 5th Street is an endangered but historically significant building in the state, well worth preserving. The Meridian civil rights story needs to be documented and shown. The 2505 ½ 5th Street site would be perfect not only as an interpretive, but also as an educational center and local attraction.
In addition to the pictures I found in my files, I also found the names of about 250 students – ages 8 to 18, at the time – who attended summer classes in the Freedom School. We, the volunteer teachers, learned as much from our students that summer as we were able to teach them. The students were brave and serious young people who took all sorts of risks to come to school. The former students are now in their late 50s and 60s. Where are they today? How did those experiences touch their lives? Who stayed, who left, and who has come back to Meridian? What contributions have those former students made to their respective communities?
The decisions for students to attend — or not attend — Freedom School were family decisions. In 1964, that meant that parents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, etc. all decided to take on some family risk in sending their kids to the Baptist Seminary. Not only should a history of Meridian tell the story of how a famous folk singer like Pete Seeger performed in Meridian, but it should also be noted that the room was packed with people who took a risk in coming to hear him. Another footnote to the Meridian civil rights story is that the Meridian Freedom School at the Baptist Seminary had the honor to play host in August to a state-wide convention of young delegates from Freedom Schools all over Mississippi. The resolutions passed by the students attending reveal a wide range of issues, concerns, and hopes – worth looking at again to see what progress, if any, has been made since those times.
Similarly, in my files, I've found the names of about 45 out-of-state volunteers, in addition to Mickey and Rita Schwerner, who participated – at one time or another — in COFO-sponsored community center, voter registration, freedom school, and MFDP work in Meridian during 1964-65. We stayed in the homes of some very brave local people, rented some living and office space, ate in selected establishments, cashed personal checks in some stores, asked cab drivers and others how to get around, attended some church services and used some churches for meetings. In the highly charged atmosphere of the times, those ordinary decisions could have life and death – in addition to job – consequences. We, the volunteers, took risks; but the local families and organizations who invited us to come took far more risks than us.
Several of the pictures I found in my files show a Lauderdale County meeting of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party where Meridian and county "precinct" and "beat" representatives elected ordinary people as local delegates to go to the national convention in Atlantic City. The MFDP was formed to show that people prevented from registering in 1964 truly wanted to participate in the electoral system. The civil rights movement in Meridian involved commitment and participation from both young and old. The pressures against taking a stand were powerful and frightening.
Does anyone know where Martin Luther King Jr. came to speak in Mississippi during the summer of 1964? I believe he spoke in just two places – and that included speaking at two churches in Meridian.
The civil rights summer of 1964 should be taken as just one moment in history – with important precedents and ongoing effects. For example: a) In Meridian, an NAACP chapter existed for a number of years prior, sometimes recruiting with quiet, hand-collection of dues. They had a growing youth membership that later became part of the local COFO movement in 1964. That NAACP chapter continues to exist today. b) The Fielder and Brooks pharmacy, itself, was just one example of black professional accomplishment that had been developing for years in Meridian. c) 1965 and the years thereafter, school, college and public facility de-segregation and voter registration brought other challenges and additional sets of heroes and heroines who stepped forward and deserve to be respected and remembered.
What does all of this mean today – especially for younger people? What can research projects in Meridian's high school, junior college, and senior college contribute to finding, recording, and telling about local people's hopes, fears, and contributions? What remains to be improved? What stories do old-timers – both black and white – have to tell of those times in Meridian? How would preserving the Fielder/COFO building help in both saving and using that history?
I believe that Judge Primeaux has done a great service in his blog starting a new discussion of those questions.
JUDGE RUSSELL REPLACES JUDGE KING ON THE COA
Governor Barbour appointed Circuit Judge Ermea "E.J." Russell of Hinds County, effective May 23, 2011, to fill the unexpired term on the COA formerly held by Judge Leslie King, who was earlier elevated to the Mississippi Supreme Court.
Judge Russell, who was Hinds County's first black, female Circuit Judge, is the COA's first black, female judge. She has been a member of the judiciary since her appointment by Governor Fordice in 1998.
The State Judiciary website press release on her swearing in is here.
The appointment continues the trend of excluding chancery judges from the appellate courts.
RENEWING A JUDGMENT UPDATED
I posted here about the then-new procedure for renewing a judgment that went into effect in 2010. That provision clarified some old statutory provisions that allowed for renewal of a judgment, but did not specify a procedure.
Effective July 1, 2011, MCA § 15-1-43 is amended to apply only to judgments or decrees that have not yet expired. The attorney applying to renew the judgment must certify that the judgment has not expired when making the application to renew the existing judgment.
FREEDOM SUMMER IN MERIDIAN
May 23, 2011 § 17 Comments
This year marks the 50th anniversary of the Freedom Riders' attempts at integration of transportation and amenities across the south. The arrival of the Freedom Riders in May, 1961 was met with mob violence and police brutality, but it did not end segregation in Mississippi. The Freedom Riders did, however, pique public awareness across the nation of the inequalities in the south and the need to address them.
In 1962, representatives of four civil rights organizations — SNCC (Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee), CORE (Congress of Racial Equality), NAACP and SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) — met at Clarksdale and formed a new organization designed to coordinate their efforts and resources in Mississippi. They called the organization COFO (Congress of Federated Organizations).
The primary concern was to register black voters in Mississippi. At the time, Mississippi at less than 7% had the lowest percentage of black voter registration in the nation. Blacks seeking to register to vote were subjected to poll taxes, examinations that they had to pass to become enfranchised, and, when that was not enough, violence and even death.
It was decided that COFO would spearhead a massive, concentrated voter registration and desegregation effort in Mississippi in the summer of 1964. Volunteers were enlisted from across the country, primarily from the northeast and midwest, many of whom were college students willing to devote a summer to the cause. The effort came to be known as "Freedom Summer."
In January, 1964, Michael Schwerner came to Mississippi and opened a COFO office in Meridian at 2505 1/2 Fifth Street. Schwerner was a member of CORE, and was a native of New York. He and his wife, Rita, lived in a Meridian apartment, and engaged in various community organizing activities. The COFO office was the headquarters of the Freedom Summer operation in Lauderdale County.
COFO HQ in Meridian
2505-1/2 Fifth Street
The headquarters occupied the second floor of the Fielder & Brooks Drug Store, an established and respected black business.
The Schwerners opened a COFO-sponsored community center where black children could gather and play games, socialize and access a lending library.
COFO in Meridian also operated one of the several dozen Freedom Schools that were opened across Mississippi that summer. The Freedom Schools taught citizenship, black history, constitutional rights, political processes, and basic academics. More than 3,500 students attended the Freedom Schools. Meridian's Freedom School was at the old black Baptist Seminary.
Here is the text of a 1964 COFO memo describing the Meridian operation:
Meridian is a city of 50,000, the second largest in the state. It is the seat of Lauderdale county. It is in the eastern part of the state, near the Alabama border, and has a history of moderation on the racial issue. At the present time, the only Republican in the State Legislature is from Meridian. Registration is as easy as anywhere in the state, and there is an informal (and inactive) "biracial committee", which, if it qualifies, is the only one in the state.
Voter registration work in Meridian began in the summer of 1963 (for COFO staff people, that is), and by autumn, when Aaron Henry ran in the Freedom Vote for Governor campaign, there was a permanent staff of two people in the city. In January, 1964, Mike and Rita Schwerner, a married couple from New York City, started a community center. In Meridian's mild political climate, the community center there has functioned more smoothly than either of the two community centers which COFO has organized in tougher areas. The center has recreation programs for children and teenagers, a sewing class and citizenship classes. It also has a library of slightly over 10,000 volumes, and ambitious plans for expansion if more staff were available. The COFO staff in Meridian uses Meridian as a base for working six other adjoining counties.
The Freedom School planned for Meridian will have a fairly large facility, in contrast to most places in the state. The Baptist Seminary is a large, 3-story building with classroom capacity for 100 students and sleeping accommodations for staff up to about 20. Besides this, there is a ballpark available for recreation. The school has running water, blackboards and a telephone. The center has a movie projector and screen which it probably would lend. The library lends books to anyone for two-week periods. The question of rent has not been decided for the school. Even if there is no rent, however, we can count on a budget of around $1300, for food for students, utilities, telephone and supplies.
One of the COFO volunteers was Mark Levy, who came to Meridian with his wife, Betty, from Queens College in New York. He chronicled his sojourn in Meridian with his camera, and his impressive collection of photographs is in the Queens College archives, where you can view it online.
Mark and Betty Levy with students at the Freedom School
A remarkable fact documented by Levy is that the famed folk/protest singer Pete Seeger visited Meridian and played at the old Mt. Olive Baptist Church during Freedom Summer.
Seeger plays for the COFO workers
He performed for the COFO volunteers. The next photo shows COFO workers and others joining hands to sing along with Seeger. The young woman at the right with the flowered dress is COFO volunteer Patti Miller of Iowa, who pinpoints the date of Seeger's performance as August 4, 1964.
Shortly after he arrived, Schwerner was joined by an eager young Meridianite volunteer named James Chaney. As the summer drew near, other volunteers began to arrive from other places, among them Andrew Goodman of New York.
Despite its moderate reputation on racial issues, there was a dark underside to Meridian and the surrounding area. The Klan was active, with members in law enforcement and in influential positions. The Klan had its eye on COFO, and on Schwerner in particular. They gave him the derisive nickname "Goatee," for his beatnik-style beard, and spread rumors that he was having an affair with a black woman.
Michael "Goatee" Schwerner
Mississippi's political leadership provoked the citizenry with accusations that the COFO workers were communists who had trained in Cuba. FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover made the statement that "We will not wet-nurse troublemakers," insinuating that anyone who took matters into their own hands would not be bothered by the feds.
On June 21, 1964, Schwerner, Goodman and Chaney had returned from a training session in Oxford, Ohio, to learn that the Mt. Zion Methodist Church in Neshoba County had been burned by the Klan and some of its members beaten in retribution for allowing a Freedom School to operate there. The three travelled from Meridian to Neshoba and met with the leaders of the church. As they made their way back to Meridian, the three were stopped by a Neshoba County Deputy Sheriff and taken into custody on the pretext of a speeding charge. After they were released from jail in Philadelphia, they were stopped again on Highway 19 South by the Sheriff, who allowed a group of Klansmen to take them to Rock Cut Road, between House and Bethsaida, where all three were murdered by gunfire. An historical marker is set on the junction of Highway 19 and the road where they were killed.
When the trio did not return to Meridian as scheduled, their disappearance was reported and a manhunt ensued. Hundreds of naval personnel participated. President Johnson ordered Hoover to mobilize the FBI, and the agency began investigating, increasing the number of agents in the state from 15 to more than 150. Posters went up.
The Mississippi Sovereignty Commission investigated and its reports took the prevailing view that the disappearance was a publicity stunt designed to stir up public opinion. Governor Paul B. Johnson quipped that "Those boys are in Cuba."
Before long, the searches turned up the CORE station wagon that the men had driven from Meridian. It had been taken to the Pearl River swamps north of Philadelphia east of Stallo off of Highway 21, where it was burned.
The discovery of the car did not quell the public belief that the disappearance had been staged, but the denial, speculation and ridicule abruptly ended when the three bodies were discovered by the FBI in a dam being built not far from the Neshoba County fairgrounds. It was conclusive proof of the atrocity.
The FBI autopsy revealed that all three young men had died of gunshot wounds. The families were not convinced, however, and they demanded and got a second autopsy which revealed that Schwerner and Goodman had indeed been shot and killed. Chaney, though, had been brutally beaten before being fatally shot. The doctor who performed the autopsy said that he had never seen such extensive, catastrophic injuries, including smashed bones and damaged internal organs, not even in car or plane wreck victims.
Patti Miller remembers that that the bodies were found on August 4, 1964. She remembers that date because it was Seeger himself who announced it that night to the COFO workers during his appearance at Mt Olive.
Nineteen men, many of whom were from Meridian, were arrested and charged with the killings, but state charges were soon dropped. The federal government prosecuted them for violation of Schwerner's, Goodman's and Chaney's civil rights, and seven were sentenced to varying terms up to ten years. It took until 2005 for one of the defendants, Edgar Ray Killen, to be brought to justice in a Mississippi court. He was convicted of manslaughter in Neshoba County Circuit Court.
Long before the legal proceedings, though, the families had to bury the dead as a prologue to getting on with their shattered lives. Schwerner and Goodman were taken back to their homes far away in New York.
James Chaney's family on the day of the funeral
Chaney's funeral was held in Meridian. Mourners included his collegues, the COFO workers. The funeral services took place at four different churches, culminating at First Union Baptist Church on 36th Avenue.
As for Freedom Summer, the results were mixed. Some voter registration was accomplished in the face of resistance. People were beaten and killed. Churches were burned. Violence across Mississippi escalated. By any of those measures, it was at least a borderline failure. But the deaths of Schwerner, Goodman and Chaney galvanized public opinion. The 1,000 or so COFO workers returned home from Mississippi with eyewitness testimony about the severity of the situation, many of them with scars to corroborate their stories. The nation realized that the full weight of the law and the federal government would be needed to end the systemic injustice that fostered violence and hatred and shielded murderers. The political pressure became irresistable, and the 1964 Civil Rights Act passed Congress and was promptly signed into law by President Johnson.
Freedom Summer was not the end of apartheid in Mississippi, but it did help deal it a mortal blow.
Thanks to Dr. Bill Scaggs for the info about Pete Seeger, Mark Levy and the Freedom School.
Patti Miller, the COFO volunteer mentioned above, has a Keeping History Alive site where I found several Freedom School photos.
The Dalai Lama and Bishop Desmond Tutu
"If money had been the way to save the world, Christ himself would have been rich." — Phyllis Bottome
"Privilege, almost by definition, requires that someone pay the price for its enjoyment." — Paula Ross
"It is very wrong for people to feel deeply sad when they lose some money, yet when they waste precious moments of their lives, they do not feel the slightest feeling of repentance." — Dalai Lama
BYE-BYE, BASTARDY; HELLO PARENTAGE
It's official. The 19th-century term "bastardy" that appeared in our paternity laws is banished from the statutes, effective March 14, 2011, by edict of the legislature. Bastardy bows out.
The archaic term will be replaced with the concept of parentage, which is an improvement over the concept of paternity. All future printings of the code will reflect the change.
In the recent COA case Miller v. Mills, decided May 3, 2011, Judge Maxwell used the term parentage in the context of a paternity action that had been filed in Louisiana, the judgment from which was sought to be enrolled and enforced in Mississippi: "Therefore, Ryan's filing of a petition to establish parentage, custody, and visitation initiated a 'child custody proceeding.'" ¶ 9. The opinion replaces the term paternity with parentage except where a specific statutory provision is mentioned. The signal is that the new term is parentage, and that bastardy, paternity and filiation are fading away.
If the statutory language is segueing into the 21st century, wouldn't it be a good idea for your pleadings to do likewise? "Complaint to Establish Parentage." Has a nice ring to it, doesn't it?
UNDERAGE DRINKING AND CUSTODY
We are all familiar with the scenario: Modification case pending and one of the facts supporting the charge of material change/adverse effect/best interest is the fact that mom allowed junior and his friends to have beer at a senior graduation party she allowed to take place at her home. Dad, who wants the modification, is incensed. Mom minimizes it, insisting that no one got drunk, no one was allowed to operate a vehicle after drinking, and besides, these are all young men and women who are about to go off to college, and what's the big deal?
The Mississippi Legislature passed a bill, effective July 1, 2011, that amends MCA § 67-3-70, to prohibit adults from allowing a party to take place at a private residence or private premises if a minor at the party obtains any alcoholic beverage or beer and the adult knows or reasonably should have known that the minor has done so. The offense is a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of $1,000 or not more than 90 days incarceration.
The public policy of the state, then, appears to weigh against mom's position.
I don't find a case where the issue was squarely before the appellate courts. I have seen cases at the trial level where the issue is raised among others with respect to custody. In the case of Self v. Lewis, decided by the COA on May 17, 2011, there is this language at ¶ 40: "Providing alcohol to a minor is a crime, and the "[c]ommission of crimes by a custodial parent . . . is properly the concern of a chancellor." Sullivan v. Stringer, 736 So. 2d 514, 516 (¶14) (Miss. App. 1999). In Self, the custodial father had a relationship with an 18-year-old woman to whom he served alcohol. Sullivan involved the crime of cohabitation.
You are currently viewing the archives for May, 2011 at The Better Chancery Practice Blog.


I turn 39 this Friday, and I started my first biz when I was 22. It feels like a long time ago. I took $1500 of babysitting money, and over the course of the next ten years, turned it into a business doing almost two million dollars gross annually. It was awesome, until it wasn't. Young, and lacking knowledge about leadership or business, I made some assumptions about life, my skills and abilities as a business person.
After ten years of business, the business ended up filing bankruptcy, due to a multitude of reasons. I believe in taking ownership of mistakes, so I have to say some of it was my fault; but some of it, truly, was out of my control. Ultimately, we ended up suffering from the hit of a bankruptcy roll-back, when the trustee of the bankruptcy of one of our customers came to us and asked us to pay them back the money that customer had previously paid us. We barely had the next week's payroll, let alone the sum they were requiring of us.
Around that time, I had been working on an idea for a planner for about two years. The same week I found out we would have to file bankruptcy, we had launched Day Designer as a separate company. It was a last-ditch effort to try to make the money to keep us from filing, but it didn't work fast enough.
Life was at the lowest of low points. Between business bankruptcy, three small kids under the age of three, and a marriage that was struggling with my husband's own financial indiscretions, there was so much self-doubt. I felt like a fluke, and didn't know if I had what it would take to get another business off the ground, and keep it running, sustainably.
With one business already failed, I wanted, and started praying for, a redemption story. I didn't know what that would look like, and I didn't expect it to be financial. I just knew I wanted to do something different with this business, this time around. It took me six months to sell the first 500 planners, and then, by the grace of God alone, sales started to double and triple.
About two years into the planner business, we were approached by Blue Sky, a company that had a relationship with mega-retailer Target, and they asked if I would ever be interested in designing products for Target. (ha!) That was the start of a licensing relationship that, under my leadership, would release three years worth of product into Target stores nationwide. In so many ways, that success was redemption enough. But as the business was succeeding, I was also starting to feel pulled in another direction—the desire to be a mom. In 2016, Blue Sky asked if I would be interested in selling, we came to an agreement, and the business was sold.
And then my husband came to me. Again. In debt. Again. I won't go into detail on this here, except to say that I have his permission to discuss this and our lives are a work in process in this area.
It doesn't matter how many "successes" (by the world's definition) you've had in life. In that valley, at the start of every new mountain, you'll wonder again if you have what it takes. And that means you're human, you're learning and growing, and thankfully, you're humble enough to know that it's not you at the helm anyway.
Fear never really goes away. Starting two multi-million dollar businesses doesn't mean I'm any less afraid to try to start a third. Having done it before isn't a guarantee I can do it again. The fear is always there, and on top of that fear, in order to create action, I have to develop the habit of doing it scared. Start despite the fear.
Telling the story helps lessen the fear. Telling puts that habit muscle into practice. The story is old news to me, something I want to bury under a pile of shame, which I successfully do when I DON'T tell it. But when I do tell it, I get to own it, free of shame, free to live in the light, free to encourage others.
Comparison is the lie Satan will use to keep us from telling our stories. I know we all have stories of failures and fears, restarts and quitting, rough edges and dark spots. Those of us who feel those weights need to be a voice, especially now, in this day and age of curated perfectionism. There is nothing wrong with excellence and beauty, and we should all pursue those traits, as they are reflections of the Gospel that is so graciously offered to us all. But if we allow comparison to silence us, because we think we are not enough, we are hiding our lights, and the evidence of a merciful Savior at work in our lives.
The story doesn't get easier to tell or own, but it's part of a continuous redemption story He has promised to make of my life, and that means He has tasked me—and all of us—with the telling of it.
Side note: several people have asked "what's next" for us. David is currently working on establishing a real estate career over at Front Porch Family. I'm dabbling in local retail with Gingham Home, wrestling with knowing I've been given entrepreneurial gifts, but also want to "just be a mom" during these long days/short years. We are praying a LOT. The best place to follow our journeys is currently over on Instagram.
Whitney, I've followed your story for the past 10 years and entire you to know that from afar you've always been an inspiration to me and picture of God's grace and courage to move in the midst of crazy scary things. Thank you for your vulnerability and your willingness to share your journey of what many of us experience, but in the world of 1×1 perfection, don't have the support to share. (We are very much alike in our business thinking and dabbling). The hills and valleys are real and I just want you to know that I've always prayed and will continue to pray for your story. In doing so, I find courage to continue on my own.
Pardon my typos. This is what happens when you use an iPhone not wearing your glasses and maybe having a glass of red at 1:30pm.
I will absolutely, right now, pray you find that courage, too! Thank you for the inspirational comment!
Wow. I had a small shop in MIdlothian Va – POSH – and we bought from you when you did the personalized stationery. WE LOVED IT!!! Then we opened a bigger store and my life was nothing but work, work, work. We probably averaged $1.82 an hour with the little we paid ourselves.
We closed the store, and planned to go on the road around town – a sort of caravan pop up store. To have some more time at home. I also was going to start a blog about 50 somethings having to reinvent, etc.
Then at Christmas 2012, my only son, died by suicide and that was that. No more dreams, there would be no children, no weddings, no grandchildren. There was no business to speak of by that time. My little brother had died suddenly 18 months before. Hell, my dog died, 4 months later.
After about 2 years of feeling obligated to live for others, I started to get some motivation back and some glimmer of hope for something/anything – trying to find my forward without my boy.
So while I'm not sure where God's grace figures into this for me – I struggle with feeling abandoned – I will plod along. Thank you for your inspirational story and the nudging to sit and write what I am sure will be very hard to put on paper.
I'm at a loss for what to say as nothing seems "right" but your comment brought me to tears and I feel compelled to say something. You comments have touched my heart. I will hug my boy tighter tonight and say prayers for you and your family. Hugs.
I have tears in my eyes reading your story- I'm so sorry for all the loss you have experienced. So much for one heart to bear! I just wanted to send you a little encouragement – you HAVE.NOT been abandoned! God is creating a beautiful next chapter for you…sometimes it just takes time before He reveals it to you. It's o.k. to plod, but keep that little bit of hope in your heart that you are moving forward towards something good. I have been in dark valleys for long periods of time, and wondered many times where God was, and why the hell He wasn't "helping me". Now I try to thank Him each day for all the good things in my life that I don't know about. It gives me a sense of excitement, curiousity and gratitude…looking forward to what He has planned for me.
You are an amazing woman!! I'm much older than you and reading about your businesses and the success you have had and all the rest that comes with it BUT BUT BUT you don't quit, God is using you!! Love that you rely on God! How exciting for your future! I didn't know you weren't involved with DD anymore, love that product!! Your post was very encouraging and REAL!! Thanks for sharing!
Thank you for sharing your story Whitney. It is always so inspiring and comforting to listen to (and read!) you.
Ever since I did your 'The Well-Designed Year Life Planning System' in 2016, my life has been focused on my core values and that has led me to turn my life upside down and inside out! I just wanted to THANK YOU. You've been instrumental in helping me find out what truly matters most to me and I'm amazed that 2 (the hardest ones! Wasn't sure that they would be possible) out of 3 (difficult too!) of my Big Goals have been realized already! It's been a crazy ride! My life is finally just beginning to settle down a bit. There were detours and change of direction and major stress and upheaval and a reluctant husband as well. But in the scheme of things, he's been great.
I love my Day Designer and it inspires me and comforts me as 'my partner' in helping me live My Well Designed Life (that includes changes-by-design).
So, THANK YOU! THANK YOU! THANK YOU!
I, too, have followed and adired you since 2010. I so appreciate your transparency. I struggle with comparison (the thief of joy) and the longing to do/be more than a mommy. Thank you for this post. You are amazing and I know the next venture will be better than the last. Can't wait to cheer you on from the sidelines.
Thank you Whitney for sharing your story with us, and your willingness to be open and vulnerable. As a small business owner, I know there are SO MANY ups & downs, and days when I feel like I'm moving in reverse, heading further away from my dreams & goals. Growing up I was taught making mistakes = failure, and so mistakes and failing have had such a negative connotation for me – something to be avoided at all costs. But I am (slowly) learning that is not the truth. For in each experience, there is something to be learned, a place to grow, and often times, redemption and an opportunity for God to lavish his grace & blessing upon us to show us how much He loves us. Please keep sharing your story with us!


TABLERO DE ARRANQUE PARA COMANDAR Y PROTEGER TRES MOTORES DE CORRIENTE NORMALIZADA CON ALTERNACION AUTOMATICA POR CICLADOR ELECTRONICO, SELECCION MANUAL O AUTOMATICO DESDE DISPLAY DEL CICLADOR EN PUERTA DEL TABLERO. AUTOMATICO POR FLOTANTE O PRESOSTATO.
TRES TERMOMAGNÉTICAS PARA PROTECCIÓN CONTRA CORTOCIRCUITO.
TRES PILOTOS FOTO LED PARA INDICACIÓN DE FALLA.
BORNES PARA CONEXIÓN DE LA SEÑAL REMOTA DE MARCHA BOMBA 3.


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Michael Cheney catapulted into the Internet marketing spotlight after the successful launch of his AdSense Videos (aff) course. Shortly after completing the launch of this product Michael released another set of videos for free which offered a behind the scenes look into what happened during the days leading up to the product launch and during the launch. It was quite fascinating to watch the money come in and see what goes on in the background of a product launch online.
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An affiliate marketer doesn't get paid a salary; instead, income is based on clicks or sales from a link. This means that one month, sales could be incredibly lucrative and then dismal the next. Like any business, my affiliate marketing business has seen it's ups and downs. There is nothing worse than putting in a ton of hard work only to see sales decreasing. With that said, over the long-term, my affiliate marketing business has seen steady growth and even exponential growth at times.


My family size is a pretty average size: mom, dad, daughter, and son. My children are in elementary school and have a minimum amount of things going on in their lives. They are quite clean children and usually don't roll in the mud too often or come home from school with stains all over their clothes … more than 4 times a week. See? We're a pretty average household.
I have many friends and family members who have anywhere from 4-8 kids in their families and their laundry is out of control. They post photos and I see that laundry day is not just a day to let the laundry wash, dry, and you take 15 minutes out of your day to sort and fold the laundry. It is an all day thing and I am always impressed.
I always thought that with a family of 4, laundry wouldn't add up too much but I have been so wrong! Our children do their own laundry and I still feel like the washer and dryer are running most days to keep up with all the laundry our average family produces. There are so many times when both my kids need clothes for school but one already started the wash so now we're waiting for this 45-minute cycle to finish so the other child can get their clothes washed before bed or before school in the morning.
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Mothers' Exposure to Air Pollutants Linked to Chromosome Damage in Babies
February 15 February 15
Tuesday, February 15, 2005,	12:00 p.m. EDT
Contact: John Peterson, NIEHS
A new study of 60 newborns in New York City reveals that exposure of expectant mothers to combustion-related urban air pollution may alter the structure of babies' chromosomes while in the womb. While previous experiments have linked such genetic alterations to an increased risk of leukemia and other cancers, much larger studies would be required to determine the precise increase in risk as these children reach adulthood.
The air pollutants considered in this study include emissions from cars, trucks, bus engines, residential heating, power generation and tobacco smoking. These pollutants can cross the placenta and reach the fetus.
The study was funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, part of the National Institutes of Health, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and other private foundations. The research was conducted by scientists from the Columbia University Center for Children's Environmental Health. Study results will be published in the February issue of Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, and are available online at http://cebp.aacrjournals.org (http://cebp.aacrjournals.org) .
"This is the first study to show that environmental exposures to specific combustion pollutants during pregnancy can result in chromosomal abnormalities in fetal tissues," said Kenneth Olden, Ph.D., the director of NIEHS. "These findings may lead to new approaches for the prevention of certain cancers."
Researchers monitored exposure to airborne pollutants, known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), among non-smoking African-American and Dominican mothers residing in three low-income neighborhoods of New York City -- Harlem, Washington Heights and the South Bronx.
"Although the study was conducted in Manhattan neighborhoods, exhaust pollutants are prevalent in all urban areas, and therefore the study results are relevant to populations in other urban areas," said Dr. Frederica P. Perera, director of the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health and senior author of the study.
Exposure to combustion pollutants was assessed through personal questionnaires and portable air monitors worn by the mothers during the third trimester of their pregnancies. Researchers then calculated the concentration of air pollution to which each pregnant woman and her baby were exposed. Study participants exposed to air pollution levels below the average were designated as having "low exposure," while those exposed to pollution levels above the average were designated as having "high exposure."
"We observed 4.7 chromosome abnormalities per thousand white blood cells in newborns from mothers in the low exposure group, and 7.2 abnormalities per thousand white blood cells in newborns from the high exposure mothers," said Perera. "In particular, stable alterations were increased, which are of greatest concern for potential risk of cancer, since cells with this type of abnormality can persist in the body for long periods of time."
Chromosomal abnormalities were measured in umbilical cord blood by a "chromosome painting" technique called fluorescence in situ hybridization, one that enabled researchers to observe the structural changes within the chromosome. Chromosomes are the threadlike packages in the nucleus of the cell that contain the cell's genetic information.
"This evidence that air pollutants can alter chromosomes in utero is troubling since other studies have validated this type of genetic alteration as a biomarker of cancer risk," said Perera. "While we can't estimate the precise increase in cancer risk, these findings underscore the need for policymakers at the federal, state, and local levels to take appropriate steps to protect children from these avoidable exposures."
Previous studies conducted by Perera and colleagues showed that combustion-related air pollutants significantly reduce fetal growth, which may affect cognitive development during childhood.
The study is part of a broader, multi-year research project, "The Mothers & Children Study in New York City," started in 1998, which examines the health effects of exposure of pregnant women and babies to air pollutants from vehicle exhaust, the commercial burning of fuels, and tobacco smoking, as well as from residential use of pesticides and allergens.
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences is a federal agency that conducts and funds basic research on the health effects of exposure to environmental agents.
For more information, please contact John Peterson, public affairs specialist with the NIEHS Office of Communications, at (919) 541-7860, or call Heather Ross, senior media specialist with the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, at (212) 576-2700, ext. 243.
Cockroach Allergens Have Greatest Impact on Childhood Asthma in Many U.S. Cities
List of Cancer-Causing Agents Grows


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Tim Erickson (eigentlich Timothy John Erickson; * 23. November 1950) ist ein ehemaliger australischer Geher.

1976 kam er bei der Leichtathletik-Weltmeisterschaft in Malmö im 50-km-Gehen auf den 23. Platz.

Bei den Commonwealth Games gewann er im 30-km-Gehen 1978 in Edmonton Bronze und wurde 1982 in Brisbane Sechster.

Persönliche Bestzeiten
 20 km Gehen: 1:27:12 h, 14. Dezember 1980, Melbourne
 30 km Gehen: 2:15:47 h, 18. Mai 1980, Melbourne
 50 km Gehen: 4:03:17 h, 30. September 1979, Eschborn

Weblinks

 Auszug aus History of Australian Walking von Peter Waddell

Geher (Australien)
Australier
Mann
Geboren 1950
Teilnehmer an den Commonwealth Games (Australien)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia