Under the World Trade Organization (WTO) rules, developing countries such as those in sub-Saharan Africa can suspend patents laws in times of emergency for infectious diseases like AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. In Africa, HIV infection rates can approach 20 percent of the population.
According to media reports, Brazil is moving to break patents as early as next week, invoking this WTO provision.
"While Brazil claims to be a 'developing country,' they boast the world's 10th largest economy with such accomplishments like the world's 4th largest space program, and a US$ 1.3 trillion GDP – more than Canada and Mexico.
"On AIDS alone, Brazil exaggerates their need. Their rate of HIV infection is less that 1% of their population, a statistic, while unfortunate, very close to that of the U.S. population.
"In fact, to illustrate just how Brazil's motivations are toward their own benefit and not really of that of helping their AIDS victims as they say, Brazil spent more on subsidies to aerospace giant Embraer (US$ 300 million) last year than it did on its national AIDS program (US$ 175 million), according to the United Nations," said ACU Deputy Director Stacie Rumenap.
"The Bush administration must vigorously oppose this transparent attempt by a global power to steal from American companies on the grounds of a false emergency. The United States Trade Representative (USTR) has already failed to rebuke Brazil for chronic patent abuses against American software companies. ACU calls upon acting USTR Peter Allgeier to forcefully communicate that the Lula government cannot steal American goods," concluded Rumenap.


Several years ago, I had heard Edwin Louis Cole encourage the men attending the conference he was speaking at, to read the book of Proverbs daily throughout the month, gaining wisdom to face the day.
to discern good from evil."
Another quote that I've enjoyed from Dr. Cole is when he said, "The principles and promises of the Bible are the keys to the Kingdom." How true!
There was a man whom was part of the church I was fortunate to pastor, and reading Proverbs every day was his daily discipline. I have heard that when he spoke, he spoke with wisdom and it wasn't so much that he may have been quoting a verse from Proverbs explicitly, but the Bible became his daily source of strength and for him, the exercise of daily growing in knowing God.
So here begins a new year, 2018, and I'll start again to read one chapter of Proverbs that corresponds to the date of the month. If you follow this format, you will read the book of Proverbs twelve times throughout the year.
The starting point of becoming a wise person is to know that God is supremely wise above all. Only an arrogant person would believe themselves to be wise because they arrogantly reject the teachings of Scripture.
The Hebrew word for fool is the word evil, pronounced eh-veel and it describes a person who arrogantly rejects the God's teachings from Scripture, as foolish, or an idiot.
So, someone who is foolish enough to reject the teachings of God from Scripture, it reveals the non-existent relationship that they have with Him. However, someone who does have a relationship with the Lord, the level of knowledge gained is relevant to the depth of the revelation they have received from His Word.
Essentially, the deeper one grows in their relationship with God, the greater and stronger their relationship will be with Him because of how well and how much they know who God is, for themselves.
Surely, there are some wise people whom a person may benefit from their counsel, but there is none wiser than God and to have a healthy and proper understanding of the wisdom of God from Scripture is where we must all begin.
Whenever a believer reaches out to another believer for counsel, the counsel given should always be based on the Word of God and you can sense it too.
Many people are looking for direction for their lives at the beginning of this new year and God's Holy Word is the place to begin to find wisdom in that direction.
A direction that ultimately leads to Himself.
Are you following His direction, or do you despise the wisdom that God has to offer for your life?


#Vostok2018: "This exercice is a message to the #West, saying 'we're working with the #Chinese, so don't mess with us!", @FRANCE24's correspondent @HoldsworthFilms says.
#Vostok2018: "This exercice is a message to the #West, saying 'we're working with the #Chinese, so don't mess with us!", @FRANCE24's correspondent @HoldsworthFilms says.


Abiding Love Food Pantry is open Mondays, 1:00 to 3:00 pm, in the Activity Center, serving an average of 55 families and over 250 individuals each week. Our pantry partners with the Central Texas Food Bank and other South Austin churches and schools. Most families who visit the food pantry are working meet the basic costs of living, and the food pantry helps to get them through the month on very limited income. The Food Pantry always welcomes volunteers, currently needed to pick up food from retail partners, as well as help in the pantry on Monday.
Angel Tree is sponsored by Upbring, formerly Lutheran Social Services of the Southwest. Gifts are purchased for children in foster care, from infants to teenagers. Upbring provides a wish list of age-specific items, including clothing sizes. Items are displayed as angels on a Christmas Tree. Gifts are purchased and returned to the church, then delivered to Upbring.
Austin Interfaith is a non-partisan, multi-ethnic, multi-issue organization of faith communities, public schools and unions who work together to address issues that affect the well-being of Austin area families and neighborhoods. Austin Interfaith is committed to promoting justice and democratic values. They work to develop leaders and to provide opportunities for member institutions to negotiate effectively through the political process with local government and community leaders around issues of common concern.
Bread for All Food Pantry is open Mondays, 6:00 to 7:30 pm, at Faith Presbyterian Church, 1314 E. Oltorf, Austin. This food pantry is sponsored by Austin City Lutherans and partners with the Central Texas Food Bank, local Lutheran congregations, and community organizations. Bread for All Food Pantry welcomes volunteers to pick up food from Central Texas Food Bank on Monday at 1:00 pm, to set up the pantry on Monday afternoons, and to serve families at the pantry from 5:30 – 7:30 pm.
CROP Hunger Walk is an annual event that helps to support the overall ministry of Church World Service with hunger-fighting development efforts around the world. CROP Hunger Walks help to provide food, water, and resources that empower people to meet their own needs. 25% of the money raised in our CROP Hunger Walk is distributed to agencies in the Austin area. Get involved by supporting a walker, becoming a walker, or organizing a group to walk. This is a great event for families with children of all ages.
Drive a Senior – South Austin provides transportation services, visits, minor home repairs, and resource referrals to seniors (60+). It is one of the oldest, largest, most reliable providers of services of free transportation for seniors. Volunteers are needed to drive clients to appointments, visit clients, or serve on various committees. To volunteer, go to www.driveaseniorsouthaustin.org and follow the links to "Volunteer Application."
"God's Work. Our Hands" Sunday is an opportunity to celebrate who we are as the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America – one church, freed in Christ to serve and love our neighbor. This day encourages us to explore one of our most basic convictions as Lutherans: that all of life in Jesus Christ – every act of service, in every daily calling, in every corner of life – flows freely from a living, daring confidence in God's grace. After worship on Sunday (usually early September) we go out into the community to serve a variety of organizations in the Austin area. Service opportunities for all ages.
Lutheran World Relief is an international organization that focuses on sustainable development projects and disaster relief and recovery. LWR works to improve the lives of farmers and people experiencing poverty in Africa, Asia and Latin America, both long-term and in times of emergencies. Abiding Love takes part in the LWR Quilts and Kits Project, making and sending quilts, personal care, and baby kits to a warehouse for distribution around the world.
Our memory disorders programs include education events, caregiver support, community outreach about eldercare services, and participation in the Alzheimer's Association's Walk to End Alzheimer's. Get involved by serving on the planning committee, volunteering at an event, or joining our Walk team.
Recycle Ministry recycles various items to benefit Capital Area Food Bank, Abiding Love Food Pantry, and South Austin Assistance Ministry: Used printer cartridges & cell phones; plastic, paper & re-usable bags; egg cartons; gently used adult & children's clothing and books; bedding & bath items; unopened personal care items, and eye glasses. Place all recycle items in the containers located by the church office wing entrance at any time.
Refugee Services of Texas (RST) is a social service agency dedicated to providing services to refugees and other displaced persons fleeing persecution based on race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, and/or political opinion and also to the communities that welcome them. RST offers: Resettlement Services, Legal Services, Job Readiness Training and Employment, Services for Unaccompanied Children, Survivors of Trafficking Empowerment Program, Social Adjustment Services, Medical Case Management, English Language Training and Counseling. Support RST by volunteering time, donating cash or goods or building a welcome team.
South Austin Assistance Ministry (SAAM) is a community coalition of churches in South Austin seeking to better serve people in need of basic clothing, housing, utilities, and prescriptions. SAAM does this by providing supplemental help in coordination with Post Road Community Center/Travis County Health & Human Services & Veterans Services. The 14 churches that make up the SAAM coalition commit annually to provide prescriptions, clothing, rental/mortgage and utilities assistance as well as volunteers to the community center. Any person or family that solicits help from member churches is referred to the Post Road Community Center. The center's social workers assess the needs and provide whatever help it can. If this help is not enough, SAAM provides the additional funds needed. You can support SAAM with a financial contribution or by donating women's, men's, and children's clothing, including purses, belts, and shoes. A collection bin is located in our cross-wall lobby.
Summer Day Camp is held at Abiding Love in partnership with Cross Trails Ministry, for youth in kindergarten through fifth grade. Camp is led by the Cross Trails staff and the people of Abiding Love and includes games, Bible studies, worship, songs, snacks, lunch and more. This is a wonderful opportunity for children to grow in their faith and experience camp without ever leaving Austin.
Water to Thrive is a faith based non-profit organization dedicated to the mission of bringing the blessing of clean, safe water to those who need it in rural Africa. W2T works with donors in the United States and implementing partners in Africa. They envision a world where we share our gifts and blessings to provide health, hope, and water to all. Water to Thrive promises to designate 100% of donations to water contributions straight to water projects. To stay true to this promise W2T raises operational expenses separately. To learn more about how to support Water to Thrive, visit https://www.watertothrive.org/.
Welcome Team has begun the "Spark Plug" initiative. Spark Plugs are proactive in talking with people, especially those they don't know, and introducing new people to others. Spark Plugs are friendly, welcoming, and enjoy meeting others.


For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God, not of works, lest anyone should boast.
Our Desired Outcomes are embedded in the cross.
We need every volunteer we currently have and we could always use more. Each month, assignment calendars are passed out to those serving on Sunday mornings. If you cannot serve where and/or when you are scheduled, please find your own replacement AND THEN call the office so we can make the necessary changes in the morning announcements.


I have written about my struggle to cut clutter around here, and to stop walking over the same thing on the floor a million times. Because I do that. And though I like what a clean house looks like, the work that goes into that seems oppressive. Yes, that sounds extreme, but when I am busy with other things, the growing pile of paper and socks from piles of laundry that didn't all get put away just seems like another accessory, until I need to find something that I fear is in that pile, and it gets cleaned up out of necessity.
I write this because I am having a group of friends from church over this week, and my husband, who doesn't like living with piles of stuff, said that he is sorry that we will have to do such a push of cleaning to get the house presentable. And yes, we have some wiping and cleaning to do, but from my point of view, I did MOST of the things on my chore sheet last week, and this morning I actually organized a pile of old work papers, toddler socks and Mother's Day cards I forgot to give people, and I can actually see the bottom of my closet, so I feel like Martha Daggone Stewart.
The truth is in the middle. Under the farm puzzle pieces and over the puddle of apple juice and beneath the portable coffee cups that can't go in the dishwasher and need to be hand-washed, there is a floor, and a dining room table, and a kitchen counter, and although we are closer to seeing it than we were last week, because we cleaned some, there is more to go. You know what it is nicer than 4 coffee cups next to the sink? 1. Because after you clean 3, somebody needs something, so there might be one left. But if you get to that one today, that's a victory too.
Here's to celebrating that I am doing better, but recognizing that I can do more, and not get stressed about it.
Yesterday there were 3 pairs of shoes left out. Now there is 1. Progress, I say.


text:
The Mazdas247 Privacy Policy
Thread: The Mazdas247 Privacy Policy
--- Mazdas247 ---
Privacy Policy of https://www.mazdas247.com
--- Privacy Policy ---
Effective date: April 16, 2019
Welcome to Mazdas247. Mazdas247 ("us", "we", or "our") operates https://www.mazdas247.com (also referred to as "website" or "Service"). We're committed to protecting and respecting your privacy.
We use your data to provide and improve the Service. By using the Service, you agree to the collection and use of information in accordance with this policy. Unless otherwise defined in this Privacy Policy, the terms used in this Privacy Policy have the same meanings as in our Rules, Terms and Guidelines, accessible from https://www.mazdas247.com
-- Member Privacy Settings --
To view and or change your privacy settings, please note the following instructions...
- Profile Privacy: Login > Settings (top of page) > My Settings (left side) > Profile Privacy
- Account Privacy: Login > Settings (top of page) > My Settings (left side) > My Account > General Settings
-- Definitions --
- Service
Service is the https://www.mazdas247.com website operated by Mazdas247
- Personal Data
- Usage Data
- Data Controller
Data Controller means the natural or legal person who (either alone or jointly or in common with other persons) determines the purposes for which and the manner in which any personal information are, or are to be, processed.
For the purpose of this Privacy Policy, we are a Data Controller of your Personal Data.
- Data Processors (or Service Providers)
Data Processor (or Service Provider) means any natural or legal person who processes the data on behalf of the Data Controller.
We may use the services of various Service Providers in order to process your data more effectively.
- Data Subject (or User)
Data Subject is any living individual who is using our Service and is the subject of Personal Data.
-- Information Collection and Use --
- Types of Data Collected -
- Username
- Email Address
- Cookies and Usage Data
Further data may be collected if you choose to share it, such as if you fill out fields on your profile. We collect some or all of this information in the following cases:
- You register as a Mazdas247 Member
- You fill out fields on your profile
- You fill out our contact form
We may use your Personal Data to contact you with newsletters, marketing or promotional materials and other information that may be of interest to you. You may opt out of receiving any, or all, of these communications from us by following the unsubscribe link or the instructions provided in any email we send.
We may also collect information on how the Service is accessed and used ("Usage Data"). This Usage Data may include information such as your computer's Internet Protocol address (e.g. IP address), browser type, browser version, the pages of our Service that you visit, the time and date of your visit, the time spent on those pages, unique device identifiers and other diagnostic data.
Cookies are files with a small amount of data which may include an anonymous unique identifier. Cookies are sent to your browser from a website and stored on your device. Other tracking technologies are also used such as beacons, tags and scripts to collect and track information and to improve and analyze our Service.
- Session Cookies. We use Session Cookies to operate our Service.
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-- Use of Data --
Mazdas247 uses the collected data for various purposes:
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- To provide you with news, special offers and general information about other goods, services and events which we offer that are similar to those that you have already purchased or inquired about unless you have opted not to receive such information
-- Legal Basis for Processing Personal Data under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) --
If you are from the European Economic Area (EEA), Mazdas247 legal basis for collecting and using the personal information described in this Privacy Policy depends on the Personal Data we collect and the specific context in which we collect it.
Mazdas247 may process your Personal Data because:
- We need to perform a contract with you
- You have given us permission to do so
- The processing is in our legitimate interests and it is not overridden by your rights
- To comply with the law
-- Retention of Data --
Mazdas247 will retain your Personal Data only for as long as is necessary for the purposes set out in this Privacy Policy. We will retain and use your Personal Data to the extent necessary to comply with our legal obligations (for example, if we are required to retain your data to comply with applicable laws), resolve disputes and enforce our legal agreements and policies.
Mazdas247 will also retain Usage Data for internal analysis purposes. Usage Data is generally retained for a shorter period of time, except when this data is used to strengthen the security or to improve the functionality of our Service, or we are legally obligated to retain this data for longer periods.
-- Transfer of Data --
Your information, including Personal Data, may be transferred to * and maintained on * computers located outside of your state, province, country or other governmental jurisdiction where the data protection laws may differ from those of your jurisdiction.
Mazdas247 will take all the steps reasonably necessary to ensure that your data is treated securely and in accordance with this Privacy Policy and no transfer of your Personal Data will take place to an organization or a country unless there are adequate controls in place including the security of your data and other personal information.
-- Disclosure of Data --
- Business Transaction -
If Mazdas247 is involved in a merger, acquisition or asset sale, your Personal Data may be transferred. We will provide notice before your Personal Data is transferred and becomes subject to a different Privacy Policy.
- Disclosure for Law Enforcement -
Under certain circumstances, Mazdas247 may be required to disclose your Personal Data if required to do so by law or in response to valid requests by public authorities (e.g. a court or a government agency).
- Legal Requirements -
Mazdas247 may disclose your Personal Data in the good faith belief that such action is necessary to:
To protect and defend the rights or property of Mazdas247
-- Security of Data --
-- Our Policy on "Do Not Track" Signals under the California Online Protection Act (CalOPPA) --
We do not support Do Not Track ("DNT"). Do Not Track is a preference you can set in your web browser to inform websites that you do not want to be tracked.
-- Your Data Protection Rights under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) --
If you are a resident of the European Economic Area (EEA), you have certain data protection rights. Mazdas247 aims to take reasonable steps to allow you to correct, amend, delete or limit the use of your Personal Data.
- The right to access, update or delete the information we have on you. Whenever made possible, you can access, update or request deletion of your Personal Data directly within your account settings section. If you are unable to perform these actions yourself, please contact us to assist you.
- The right of rectification. You have the right to have your information rectified if that information is inaccurate or incomplete.
- The right to object. You have the right to object to our processing of your Personal Data.
- The right of restriction. You have the right to request that we restrict the processing of your personal information.
- The right to data portability. You have the right to be provided with a copy of the information we have on you in a structured, machine-readable and commonly used format.
- The right to withdraw consent. You also have the right to withdraw your consent at any time where Mazdas247 relied on your consent to process your personal information.
-- Service Providers --
We may employ third party companies and individuals to facilitate our Service ("Service Providers"), provide the Service on our behalf, perform Service-related services or assist us in analyzing how our Service is used.
- Analytics -
You can opt-out of having made your activity on the Service available to Google Analytics by installing the Google Analytics opt-out browser add-on. The add-on prevents the Google Analytics JavaScript (ga.js, analytics.js and dc.js) from sharing information with Google Analytics about visits activity.
- Advertising -
We may use third-party Service Providers to show advertisements to you to help support and maintain our Service. These Service Providers may use information (not including your name, address, email address or telephone number) about your visits to this and other websites in order to provide advertisements on our site, other websites and other forms of media about goods and services of interest to you. If you would like more information about this practice and to know your choices about not having this information used by these companies including the ability to opt-out, please visit the following websites.
NAI, DAA, Amazon, VigLink
We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com.
- Google AdSense & DoubleClick Cookie
Google, as a third party vendor, uses cookies to serve ads on our Service. Google's use of the DoubleClick cookie enables it and its partners to serve ads to our users based on their visit to our Service or other websites on the Internet.
You may opt out of the use of the DoubleClick Cookie for interest-based advertising by visiting the Google Ads Settings web page: http://www.google.com/ads/preferences/
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For more information on how Google uses the collected information, please visit the "How Google uses data when you use our partners' sites or app" page: http://www.google.com/policies/privacy/partners/ or visit the Privacy Policy of Google: http://www.google.com/policies/privacy/
-- Links to Other Sites --
Our Service may contain links to other sites that are not operated by us. If you click a third party link, you will be directed to that third party's site. We strongly advise you to review the Privacy Policy of every site you visit.
-- Children's Privacy --
-- Acceptance of this Privacy Policy --
Continued use of Mazdas247 signifies your acceptance of this privacy policy. If you do not accept our privacy policy then please do not use or visit Mazdas247. When registering for a Mazdas247 account, we will further request your acceptance of our privacy policy.
-- Changes to This Privacy Policy --
-- Contact Us --
- By email: contact@mazdas247.com
Quick Navigation M247 News & Support Top
New Company Policy
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Honesty is the only policy.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The streaming job got killed again with too many open files exception.
Please help to find apt solution.
The limits you displayed are shown for root, but you will need to increase limit for the user running the spark job. You will also need to ensure these limits are applied on all workers and not just the driver. Finally, you'll want to ensure you are closing all connections and files if you are handling any manually, especially for long running applications long spark streaming jobs.
I have increased the ulimit to all user to 500000. Still after certain time, the streaming job went down.
How can we ensure , that we are closing all connections and files that we aer handling ? Yes we are having long running applications in spark streaming jobs.
Limits are inherited from parent process, so you may also need to restart your NodeManager if you notice the executor process doesn't have the higher limits.
These are the parcels, we are using.


text:
Kootenay Boundary
Trail [ 44 ]
484 / km²
Trail is located in British Columbia. In Trail the majority of the population are Married (and not separated) and have children living at home between the ages of 6 to 14 years. The top three occupations people in Trail are in employed in are Sales and service occupations, Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations and Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services. The average personal gross income in Trail is $33,243 per year while the average after-tax income is $29,581 which means the average personal income tax rate is 11.01%. Most of the population in Trail lives in Single-detached house and the average home value is $245,342. The majority of the homes in Trail were constructed 1960 or before. The the most predominant religious faith is Christian. The majority of the population who live in Trail are Canadian citizens. The most common non-official languages spoken in Trail are Italian, Spanish and German. The most predominant continent of origin for most migrants to Trail is Europe.


Talking about taking a trip with friends or saying you're going to live a healthier life are great goals, but if you don't create a plan to follow through with them — it is very unlikely you will actually go on that trip or live a healthier life!
By creating a plan you're organizing your thoughts. Forcing yourself to recognize any issues that you'll need to deal with, and allowing yourself to figure out how to overcome them.
You are also planning your actions. This can be meal prepping for the week or saving enough money in the next month to put down a security deposit on a beach house.
Planning your actions will help you keep on track for your goals, as well as saving you time and money. This may be the biggest benefit to planning. It cuts down on procrastination by having an organized schedule that saves time. It will help you cut costs, because you have a plan in place and will not be jumping around from idea to idea trying to decide how to go forward. So, to be successful in whatever your goals are, create a plan and stick to it!
PS. Remember, if you have any questions about how I, or another Coach, can help you make a plan contact us!


How Do You Defend Minor In Possession Of Alcohol Cases?
The first thing we do is enter a plea of not guilty and demand a trial by jury. That puts the prosecutor on notice that someone is seriously prepared to fight them; this isn't going to be as easy as they think. We are not trying to make them angry, just put them on notice that we take the case seriously and that they are not negotiating with a defenseless lay person who couldn't fight their way out of a paper bag in a Florida courtroom.
A person who is represented by competent counsel right off-the-bat, is taken seriously. Setting the case for a jury trial prevents the trick of having someone go to court, plead not guilty on their own, and when they walk out with their court paper, it says, "Judge pre-trial conference". That person lost their jury trial right. They made the State attorney's job a lot easier without even realizing it. They simply didn't use the right language; they didn't get placed on the jury docket.
The types of possible defenses we look at might be, perhaps a person was supposed to have had their rights read and he was not or perhaps a search and seizure was done improperly. Also, these MIP cases are going to come so hard and so fast that errors by the law enforcement explode during spring break simply because they are working double shifts, they're tired and quite a few of them are skipping through their reporting very quickly because they have so many cases to handle. That's where we find a lot of defenses.
A defense can be complete or partial. A complete defense absolutely destroys the State's case, and a partial defense damages it so badly that suddenly favorable settlement negotiations become very, very easy and negotiated dismissals become easier.
The problem is young people, especially if they receive a criminal summons that looks like a ticket, tend to blow it off. They are manipulated by the system and by the facts. They don't know what they don't know, and that's where we come in. We set things right.
Generally, a second degree or first degree misdemeanor will take 2 to 3 months to complete. However, longstanding relationships on a professional level with members of the office of the State Attorney in Walton, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa counties have made it so that I'm able to do things a lot quicker. For example, normally before spring break every year, I will touch base with a key person and each officer in the first judicial circuit and I will find out what they're going to be focusing on this particular year during spring break. Do they view this sudden explosion of cases as an aggravation or are they high and mighty about the hyped up dangers of a 19 year old drinking a single beer? Is there any pressure from the head boss to prosecute aggressively? How does the secretary feel about the cases?
These off the record conversations really pay big dividends down the road for my clients. I know what to say, how to say it and who to say it to. I know what things are important to the decision makers on the other side, what things are not important.
Here's a classic example: There is a prosecutor in one county who is "job-scared" and there is another in a different county who is not. I am able to then adjust my tactics depending on what works with each prosecutor. They are all different and also have different preferences for all kinds of things. You don't know who prefers a face to face meeting and who prefers a phone call by appointment. Fortunately, I do.
For more information on Viable Defense For MIP Charges, a free initial consultation is your next best step. Get the information and legal answers you are seeking by calling (850) 466-1522 today.
What Is A Minor In Possession Of Alcohol Charge In Florida?
What Is The Process After Someone Has Been Arrested On MIP Charges?
Are There Any Diversion Programs Specific To MIP Charges In Florida?
Home > How Do You Defend Minor In Possession Of Alcohol Cases?


Vasuki Tal is located about 8 kms. from Kedarnath and at an altitude of 4,135 meters above sea level. The lake is surrounded by some high mountain ridges which presents an excellent view of the Chaukhamba peaks surrounding it. Kedarnath situated close by, is the site of one of the twelve �Jyotirlingas� of Lord Shiva. It is one of the most revered sacred sites of the Hindus. Kedarnath is surrounded by lofty Himalayan peaks which provide one of the most stunning views of the mighty Himalayas. Because of the high altitude and extreme weather conditions, the best season to visit this higher altitude region is June to October. The Vasuki Tal is lake is a picture perfect lake and is widely visited by the tourists. It almost imprints an unforgettable image of the place in the memory. Vasuki Tal is like a fresh breath of air among the temples and pilgrimage spots of Kedarnath. Vasuki Tal is one of the prettiest sights in Kedarnath. The glittering clear water lake is surrounded by lofty hills from all sides.It offers an ideal trek for courageous tourists.


It's official: Kylie Jenner and Travis Scott's baby girl Stormi Webster is one year old! She celebrated her very first birthday on February 1, and the special occasion definitely had the 21-year-old makeup maven feeling a little sappy. She took to Instagram to share a message with her daughter, and we may or may not be crying after reading it!
"How did I get so lucky to have such a sweet, smart, happy baby," Kylie wrote. "I just couldn't have dreamt you up, Storm." Truly, Stormi seems like one of the easiest babies ever. In every video, she's giggling and smiling, and of course parents only show the good moments, but we've literally never seen her cry. Especially when you're a busy young mom, a baby that sweet is definitely a blessing.
Other members of the Kardashian clan wrote up their own sweet messages (and you can see them all here!) but the most touching was probably from daddy Travis, who posted an Instagram Story at midnight expressing his frustration that his little girl is already growing up. What a typical dad! Happy birthday little Stormi, we can't wait to continue watching you grow.


text:
Q: Force orientation to view I have three different views for just one activity. These three views are stored in three different xml files.
I know it's possible to force activities orientation with this part of code :
    <activity
        android:screenOrientation="portrait"
    </activity>

But I'd like to have portrait orientation on the first view, and landscape orientation on the two others. How can I achieve this?

A: You could take a look at setRequestedOrientation(int). Just call it after you set your view.
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity.html#setRequestedOrientation(int)
You might want to look at adding android:configChanges="orientation", which let's Android know you are taking care of the orientation changes yourself.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
The best books on Pakistan, Partition and Identity
recommended by Iftikhar Malik
The Pakistani author and professor describes the past and future of Pakistan, the influences of India, Britain, the US and Islam, via two seminal non-fiction works and three sweeping Pakistani works of fiction
Making Sense of Pakistan
by Farzana Shaikh
by Jaswant Singh
What The Body Remembers
by Shauna Singh Baldwin
The Tiger Claw
We Are Not in Pakistan
1 Making Sense of Pakistan by Farzana Shaikh
2 Jinnah by Jaswant Singh
3 What The Body Remembers by Shauna Singh Baldwin
4 The Tiger Claw by Shauna Singh Baldwin
5 We Are Not in Pakistan by Shauna Singh Baldwin
Tell me about the Farzana Shaikh book you've chosen to begin with.
Farzana Shaikh's earliest historical study, based on her doctoral research, was a timely attempt to investigate the quest of a cohesive political community anchored on the historical and intellectual ethos of worldwide Islam within a specific South Asian context. That volume had tried to move the discourse on Pakistan's evolution from the prevalent paradigm of high politics of a few powerful men at the top, nudging its reader to seek long-term explanation of this country's evolution, especially after the post-1857 trauma. Surely, this was a dilemma faced by the Muslim élite who often differed over the very public role of Islam, yet, irrespective of their doctrinal and variable strands, they also sought to define 'Muslimness' in holistic ways.
Like its rich and often turbulent past, it was again in the Indus Valley that a predominant strand began to assume a formidable formulation in the form of Pakistan, though its impetus came from upper India and the lower Gangetic regions. The hasty dissolution of the Raj led to a post-1947 configuration in South Asia, which only grew on inter-state conflicts instead of seeking friendly co-existence. True to its history, the Indus Valley was left on its own, faced with suspicion and hostility both from its eastern and western neighbours and, in the process, underwent fragmentation as well as redefinition, which persist even today.
Shaikh is right in suggesting that there have been multiple forms of Islam and, in the same vein, there are numerous perceptions of Pakistan. Well, that should not be surprising, especially to any scholar, since we are talking about a populous and immensely plural part of the world and it must not come as a surprise that even countries like the United Kingdom, Belgium, Italy and Spain may have similar challenges, though, of course, with several substantial differences. Yet collective identity is always a fluid and evolving paradigm and in that sense a period of 60 years may be too meagre. Even Israel, often mentioned by our author in her volume, has serious ideological problems, not only vis-à-vis its Arab population but even amongst its own Jewish Zionist hard core who differ over the nature and direction of their very Jewishness.
Yes, India had a better start since it inherited the mainstream institutional framework from the Raj, has been advantageously located away from the restive frontier regions and had been lucky to have a long list of founding fathers, who, unlike their mostly flamboyant Pakistani counterparts, built up enduring institutions. However, even the very Indian identity is comparatively quite young and still evolving, though claims by Jawaharlal Nehru and others of its historicity are no less trivial. But then real India, in a way, was the Indus Valley as recorded in Rig Veda unless we are talking about Hindustan, though the Indus Valley, curiously, never forsook its adolescence.
Post-9/11 multi-dimensional spotlight on Islam has caused, among others, two kinds of attitudes amongst Muslims: defensively aggressive and apologetically defensive. Of course, there are many Muslims who do not seek a single-factor explanation of the complex geo-political and ideological phenomenon known as Political Islam, which, like Hindutva and Christian Zionism (and Zionism on its own), has been with us since the early 19th century. The recent volatility is not solely an intra-Muslim problem; it is equally linked with the acute imbalances within the international systems, which have often helped scripturalists attain primacy over other strands. Political Islam is a rallying cry for systemic change and for the displacement of corrupt and humiliating systems, yet may not be lacking consensus when it comes to systemic alternatives. While fighting hegemonies, several of its own trajectories have themselves the tendency to become hegemonic. Cases of corruption and extra-regional assaults have certainly not deflated the mystique of political Islam given its powerful components such as resistance, sacrifice, utopianism, shared brotherhood and austerity. Following the dissolution of the communist regimes, it has been asserting its own space and here its various manifestations are falling beyond the orbit of simplistic and monolith definitions. Many Muslims, especially from amongst the modernists, have readily internalised simplistic and solely negative explanation of Political Islam, which, accordingly, becomes the bane of all the problems across the Muslim countries and communities.
Historically, Muslim modernists in India had aggregated several regional and ecclesiastic groups to form a loose alliance to obtain a territorial identity but then their successors failed to deliver on the problems of political and economic disempowerment, and here Islamists began to offer themselves as alternatives. Political Islam is not just violence and is not solely dependent upon bullet, as, in the case of Pakistan, we also witness a vast array of religio-political parties forming governments through ballot and, by using media, rallies and publications, they cultivate their own constituencies. Putting them at par with the militant elements is certainly incorrect and this pervasive view of a monolithicised Islam anchored upon a single-factor preoccupation with violence (Jihadis!) is a miscomprehension of a more complex situation. The spectre of Talibanisation does not mean that the entire heritage of Political Islam in the country is in shambles.
Shaikh lists all the contentious ideological and structural areas, including the ambiguous idea of a Muslim-versus-Islamic state, the predominance of military and mullahs and a less savoury record on reformism, even often at the risk of repetition. Her present book is definitely not a history of Pakistan and perhaps that is why she keeps traversing across the decades and personalities.
Instead of her erstwhile fascination with M A Jinnah, Muhammad Iqbal and Fazlur Rahman and the modernist Islam in the form of demand for Pakistan, here Shaikh, like many other Pakistanis, does not hide her disappointment with the country's post-1947 leaders and comes closer to Hamza Alavi's interpretation of a Muslim salariat playing its own chequered game of interests. Alavi's understandably class-based analysis presupposed a pre-existing Muslim upper middle class in British India, which may be an exaggerated view given the economic underdevelopment and disparate nature of Muslim communities, but that is a different subject altogether. To Shaikh, the élite interests constantly ignored the quest for a consensus identity and that became Pakistan's major malaise. Several Pakistanis may like to go along with her way of thinking but putting the entire onus of responsibility on Pakistan as an errant run-away from a pristine Mother India, or acting as 'America's sullen mistress', warrants a similar view from 'the other side of the mountain'.
While her prefatory remarks and the major section of the book are interspersed with an unflinching critique of how Pakistan was imagined, created and has been mismanaged – all in confusion! – her epilogue quite briefly surmises the vocality of its media and civil society, but only as a passing reference. Shaikh, like several others, might have already lost her hope in the makers and unmakers of that country; however, a vast majority of its people – the descendants of the Indus lands – are surely its stakeholders as well and not just the mute bystanders, and, once again, are confronted with gigantic challenges. As in the past millennia, they need to redefine themselves within the context of unpleasant hazards emanating from the outside and from within. If developed countries like Yugoslavia or the Soviet Union can fall apart there is no guarantee that Pakistan or several similar post-colonial states may be able to ride triumphantly over the raging storms.
Your next choice is the book on Jinnah.
Like political contestation between India and Pakistan, their respective nationalist historiographies are equally contentious and, in their efforts to offer grand narrative, they do not shirk from an abrasive self-righteousness. While amongst Pakistani nationalist historians, their country has been a historically ordained reality varying from its Indus Valley distinctness to its predominantly Muslim credentials, whereas in India its formation is perceived as a forced as a forced partition of an otherwise untied Mother India. Here, the founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, has often been posited as the spoiler who, in cahoots with the imperial dictum of divide and rule, facilitated this vivisection. Amidst this reductionism augmented by enduring Indo-Pakistani bickering over Kashmir, water resources and proxy wars on each other's territories, Jinnah is the father figure in Pakistan but a demolition man in the mainstream Indian mega-narrative. The ultra right Hindu forces unite in their suspicion of Pakistan's inevitability and exceptionalise Jinnah as an evil genius, though often fail to accept that the creation of the fifth largest state in the world cannot be explained through a single factor.
Jinnah was at the vanguard of various historical events and the dissolution of the Raj owed itself to several forces and partition as a part of a decolonisation process has not been strictly unique to the sub-continent. A former foreign minister of India belonging to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Jaswant Singh was determined to study Jinnah with a fresher perspective so as to seek out the factors behind the division of the sub-continent. His book caused some uproar amidst his own colleagues due to their strong reservations against Pakistan and Jinnah, but in Pakistan it has been well received with Singh enjoying superb and cordial hospitality across the Indus lands. Initially, his own ultra-right party expelled him for writing this book on Jinnah but, given his high profile and a lifetime commitment towards his country and Hinduist ideology, he has been taken back into the BJP's fold.
For a while and quite often, Singh's narrative takes its reader away from Jinnah himself and turns into a familiar historical narrative of known political history of the decades preceding 1947. His verdict often focuses on the British imperial policy, which simply dwelt on prioritising its own divisive imperatives. In other words, the false consciousness internalised by an otherwise astute lawyer became a solidified demand for Muslim rights initially anchored on quest for parity with the Hindu majority and then turned into a full-fledged struggle for sovereignty.
While Jinnah as a proponent of Hindu-Muslim unity tried to cultivate closer relationship with Mahatma Gandhi, B G Tilak, G K Gokhale and the Nehrus, most of the Congress leaders either ignored him out of sheer snobbery and arrogance or merely derided him as a spoiler. As early as 1915, on his return from South Africa, Gandhi did not properly appreciate Jinnah's sincerity for a united nationalist cause and instead, unnecessarily, hinted towards his Muslim origins. Motilal Nehru always reciprocated towards Jinnah until he came under the Mahasabha pressure in 1927-8, but his son, Jawaharlal, often looked down upon Jinnah, as is noted by Singh.
And you've chosen three books by Shauna Singh Baldwin! First, What The Body Remembers.
Yes. Away from the sordid realities of South Asian politics, Shauna Singh Baldwin's fiction offers a fresher, warmer and reflective perspective, though no less melancholy. What the Body Remembers is a story of two Sikh women married to a landowning Sardariji from Rawalpindi, who has an engineering degree from Balliol and lives a very disciplined life trying to combine both East and West in his person and profession. His privileged life is, however, beset by the lack of any offspring from his first wife, Satya, a dynamic woman in her own right, until he is persuaded to marry Roop from the small hamlet Pari Darwaza. Roop's father is a Sikh by conviction, though originally comes from a Hindu background yet is devoted to his creed and is an industrious farmer whose wife's early death leaves him with two children. Brought up in a multi-cultural milieu, Roop sees her husband only after marriage and settles well in Rawalpindi both with Sardarji and Satya. The birth of her children bring joy to the household but also engender tensions, which often converge with the rising communal dissension in a plural Punjab, until the events turn riotous. Harrowed by personal frustrations yet still inherently faithful to her religion and husband, Satya is empowered by political developments in India and is no more comfortable with the status-quo-ist attitudes of the Indian upstartish middle class. Her own end at Punja Sahib in Hasan Abdal coincides with the sad mayhem across Punjab where all the four communities take it out on one another. Sardarji's family, including Roop with her baby daughter, is able to make it to Delhi, only after harrowing escapes through a senseless communal mêlée. In their 'escape' they are helped by faithful friends, including some Muslims, yet all around it becomes a tale of bloodshed, dislocation, morass and mass migrations.
Roop is the narrator of the story and in her real life happens to be our author's grandmother, who lived to a ripe old age in the 1990s and passed away after transferring the Pothowari-Punjabi folklores to Shauna Baldwin. The grandma spoke her own mother tongue and reminisced about her life in Pari Darwaza among her Muslim friends and Hindu cousins until she shifted to Rawalpindi, followed by Sardarji's transfers to Punjab's canal colonies and Lahore. Her name was tattooed in Urdu, reminding her of her childhood, which, despite its parallel strands of faith-based identifications, often went beyond communal segregation.
This next book by Singh Baldwin is about a British woman.
Nora Baker is known in British history as the first ever woman to have been awarded the George Cross, but very few people know that she was a young Muslim woman, allegedly killed by the Nazis on the allegation of being a successful British spy. Noor Inayat Khan was the daughter of an Indian Muslim Sufi mentor, a classicist and non-conformist of genteel traditions. Noor was born to her American mother in Moscow where Khan had been holding concerts of Indian classical music besides imparting Sufi training to his acolytes. Noor has attracted very few serious historical works and not enough is known about the circumstances leading to her tragic death at a time when the war was itself coming to a close.
Shauna Baldwin's The Tiger Claw is certainly a dextrously organised story of Noor and her work in Paris with the French Resistance as well as her own life as a Sufi Muslim who sought employment with the British intelligence due to various mundane reasons. Benefiting from extensive research in Britain, India, France and Germany, Baldwin was able to interview several knowledgeable people along with the immediate members of the Khan family in their native Baroda. In the novel Madeleine, whose brother Kabir Khan has been an RAF pilot and after the war is seeking the whereabouts of his adventurous sister, personifies Noor. Madeleine is shown to have been in love with Armand, a French Jew, who himself is incarcerated by the Nazis, and part of her mission is to reconnect with him.
The novel is a story of Madeleine's heroics and near-death encounters in Paris where the Gestapo runs a very successful network of spies and agents to track down the Resistance and its Allied supporters. On the other hand, the British have their own contacts to facilitate landing and housing of several of their agents, though some of these facilitators might be operating as double agents. Madeleine is both an asset and a dilemma for her British superiors since she is a native woman from colonies but with a unique and cosmopolitan pedigree, while for the French she is almost local though a bit exotic. For Germans, such as her inquisitor Ernst Vogel, she is a mischlinge (mixed breed) but still in the league of fabulous Indian princesses. Her arrest and then torture until the execution – not necessarily by her tormentors – are tragic and the novelist is at her best in conveying the sense of pathos as well as resistance exhibited by a petite woman of resolute fortitude.
She is known as a writer of children's stories and leaves her narrative surreptitiously in her dark cell. Kabir and the readers are informed, to their consternation, that Madeleine had been executed though the novelist herself is sceptical about the nationality of her executors. Many years after the war, Kabir is ensconced in his ancestral house in Paris as the spiritual successor to his father and it is here that he sees Armand, who has survived the war and the Holocaust, yet, in his own quiet and serene way, carries the memories of his slain lover.
And now the collection of short stories.
While Baldwin's heroines in her two novels are three South Asian women, along with a host of other ordinary men and women, her short stories cover a wider canvas and involve Ukrainians, North Americans, South Americans and Europeans, as well as a fair representation of South Asians. Here again the characters are mostly immigrants who, otherwise well-established law-abiding citizens, often get trapped in the whirlwind of events such as post-9/11 xenophobia and other forms of racism. Her story 'We Are Not In Pakistan', is about a Pakistani-American grandma who is Christian and, along with her American husband, has been settled in the United States. Kathleen is her granddaughter whom she daily accompanies to her school, whereas the grandpa, Terry, is often busy watching football matches on television and is a retired diplomat. Terry and Grandma had met a long time back in the US embassy's dance parties in Pakistan and got married and moved to the midwest where their daughter, Safia, married a local man. Kathleen often argues with her grandma over her insistence on some of the traditional mores, which, according to the younger lady, are not American per se. For instance, Kathleen is often irked by Grandma's insistence on Pakistani-style of modest dressing while the granddaughter keeps reminding her that they are in the US and not in Pakistan. Grandma was herself born of an Iranian Christian mother in India and an Anglo father but culturally is more akin to Pakistani Muslim women. She still has one of her older address books containing the names and contacts of her close relatives and friends from Pakistan who had been living in the United States, and quite a few of them 'disappeared' following 9/11 as the Home Security and the US Immigration Service personnel chased them up with one excuse or the other. Some of them have already been repatriated to Pakistan; several are languishing in detention centres unknown to many of their relatives, while other harassed individuals are seeking asylum in Canada.
On a normal day Grandma disappears and the entire house initially takes it rather lightly, expecting her return any time but after a day or two Kathleen, Terry and Safia all become immensely concerned. Safia, because of her employment at the airport, remembers that the Home Security and the Immigration Service often connive to arraign unsuspecting residents of Pakistani origin. She is convinced that her mum had been whisked away by the same people.
Certainly, this is an untold chapter of a recent unwritten history where a large number of Muslims, especially Pakistanis, in the United States have 'disappeared' and, unknown to their relatives and authorities, are lost somewhere in no-man's land. The rounding up of most of these people owing to sheer xenophobia is initially owed to a suspicion of being a potential terrorist, irrespective of age, profession or gender, and, with no tangible evidence available, it begins to bank on some immigration-related technicalities. As a consequence, the suspects end up in an obscure recess of the US and other West European detention centres.
Trauma of dislocation is a favourite theme in Baldwin's fiction as in her first story in this collection, 'We Are Not in Pakistan'. It focuses on a Ukrainian Jewish professional family who, after suffering from the fall-out from Chernobyl, face a greater sense of alienation across the Atlantic. 'The View from the Mountain' is the story of Ted Grand, a retired American military official, who builds a resort on a scenic hill in Costa Rica and develops an interesting but unequal relationship with the locals. 9/11 reawakens a vengeful American nationalist in him as he watches the planes ramming into the World Trade Centre and boils with rage.
The last longish story in this collection, 'The Distance Between Us' is about a Sikh academic who teaches in Santa Barbara and is a frequent victim of racist abuse, largely because he is a non-white and also because many Americans mistake him for a Muslim because of his beard and turban. Karanbir Singh's solitary life as an economist is shaken up with an email from Uma Ginther who claims to be his daughter from his brief marriage with Rita Ginther, and who was born in August 1982, after their split, and is now on her way to California from Detroit. Rita had never disclosed to Karan the existence of Uma and now, at 23, her email brings a turnaround in his life. He is finally convinced that she is his daughter, meets her at the local train station and the next few days are a unique experience for both in learning about each other. Rita could have caused serious problems for Karan by going to the court seeking alimony for their child and even endangering his immigration status in the US by claiming his marriage is only to obtain a permanent stay in the country. Karan takes Uma out to the beach and entertains her to curry dishes from a local Pakistani restaurant whose owner experiences a raucous post-9/11 hostility all around him. Karan had also been investigated for having visited Pakistan once with his ailing mother who had been born in Multan and wanted to see her birthplace before her death.
While on the way back from the beach on that Sunday, Karan and Uma are horrified to see his house gutted due to a malicious arson attack. All his clothes, books and papers, including his passport, have been destroyed in the fire and Karan is both homeless and stateless. Fire evokes all kinds of memories and brings both the father and daughter closer together. Two days later, Karan drives Uma to the train station for her return journey and then comes back to the car park to drive home his old white Toyota. It has been stolen, but he does not want to report it to the police to avoid new complications.
Baldwin's prose reads fluently and persuasively and anchors itself on a strong sense of authenticity, drawing on the religious, cultural and personal experiences of her characters. Her own immersion in Punjabi (both Gurmukhi and Persian scripts), Urdu and Hindi, along with, of course, her ease with French and English, add a superb quality to her expression while her diverse characters, despite a fair number of Punjabis, come from plural backgrounds. They are multi-cultural people who, like Willa Cather's pioneer immigrants, are struggling against the regimented forces of official and private dehumanisation and in the process seek strength from their own inner humanity and traditional values. These might be tragic characters but they are valiant, sober and resolute people in a modern world, which is often callous and too exacting.
Asia History Pakistan Regional and National History World
Iftikhar Malik
Professor Malik is the author of Pakistan: Democracy, Terror and the Building of a Nation. He is a Fellow of The Royal Historical Society, a Trusteee of the Iqbal Academy and publishes widely on international affairs in Britain, South Asia and the US.
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"I come from Masesse Island Kisima. I left home when I was 10 years — I am now 14. My mother is at home, and I lost my dad while fishing on the lake. I don't really know the reason as to why I left home, I was brought here by a friend. I can't go back home by myself now. I lost interest in school in primary three level, though now I wish to resume school at any level."
When I first laid eyes on Ashraf, my initial reaction was one of sadness. Here is this tiny boy, who I mistook for a 10-year-old (he's actually 14), looking defeated and wandering around in a drug-induced haze. His clothing didn't help either. The darkness of his clothes accentuated his overall aura. Dark brown baseball cap, black t-shirt, black pants, over-sized black sneakers and what looked like a once-heavy dark gray winter jacket that was now disintegrating. Overtime it became apparent that this was the only outfit Ashraf owned, though he'd occasionally switch-up the baseball cap.
One afternoon we got to talking; he informed me that he had been wearing the same clothes for more than a year (though, now I think he might have been deceiving me), and he couldn't remember the last time he had showered — he told me as he laughed.
WHAT? Who doesn't shower? Prior to that moment, the issue of showering, for me, was always a choice. It never occurred to me that people, let alone kids, might not have the option to bathe.
Just another thing I have learned that I take for granted.
When I asked him if he wanted to shower, he smiled. "Auntie, I have lice. Why would I shower? I'm gonna put these clothes back on and still have lice!" As he is telling me this, he is looking for lice he can pick off his body to show me.
Not wanting to get lice myself, I informed him, "It's not necessary, I believe you."
Determined, he finds one and with a smirk, shoves it in my face. "Look, lice, why shower?"
Who could argue with that logic? Because unless you can shower with hot water and put on new clothes, showering would be a waste.
But I convinced him to take a shower anyway — or so I thought.
Having to leave, I put one of the older kids, Roxanne, in charge. I gave her 10,000 UGX ($2.77), selected 20 kids — Ashraf included — with strict instructions that the money was only to be used for bathing. And off they went.
When I returned the next day, I asked Ashraf, "Did you bathe?"
"Auntie," he said, looking as if he is going to cry. "No, the others kids refused to let me bathe, and they kept the money."
Blinded by his cuteness, and having convinced myself he wouldn't lie to me, I confronted Roxanne. She told a different story. "This boy refused to shower, and demanded I give him the money. When I refused, he stormed off."
Realizing he had been caught in lie and how much it hurt me, he wouldn't look at me. I explained, I had come back to give him money for new clothes; but realizing I could no longer trust him, I couldn't give him the money.
With Ashraf on the verge of tears, I agreed to take him shopping — on one condition: he would shower afterwards. He reluctantly agreed.
Check out Ashraf's transformation. This young boy goes from doom and gloom, to a smile so bright it outshines the sun. For me it was a magical moment. If for only an afternoon, I was able to give this boy his dignity back.
Fortunately for me and you showering is a choice — but for the 10,000 kids living on the streets of Uganda, it is a luxury not afforded to them.
So on July 22, Shule Foundation will host our Christmas in July event, the first health and hygiene initiative benefiting the street kids living in Kisenyi in partnership with Alive Medical Services, Dignity Dreams and The Outflow. We will also launch our Day of Beauty with a Purpose program that will allow the boys and girls of the slum to shower on a daily basis, using quality skincare products.
For only $75 ($50 for showering; $25 for products), a child living in the slum can shower for an entire year. Learn more about our Christmas in July event, and how you can help.
Together let's give these children their dignity back. And make showering a choice not a luxury just like it is for you and me.
Please share this post! Though showering every day is not a necessity, not showering at all can, over time, wreak havoc on your skin and overall health. Read about what happens when you don't shower for a few days, a month, even for a year.


text:
All I was saying is I seen other schools put up more impressive promote videos like the Tampa school that gives you the wow factor I want to train there ASAP.
Yeah, that's why many schools do that sort of demo team presentation - to wow the audience and bring in the students. The Kodenkan guy went a different route - showing what your actual classes would be like if you sign up. It may not be as good from an advertising standpoint, but it's actually more honest. Even if you were to sign up for the Hapkido school, you would spend a lot of years slowly struggling through the basics like the students in the Kodenkan video before you ever got to do those fancy demos.
AlexMaster
Note may be some members here into Japanese jiu jitsu section of this forum and really into jiu jitsu can explain this better.
I'm looking for a Japanese jiu jitsu school in Florida and some members where saying most schools in the US are modern Japanese jiu jitsu also known modern eclectic Western jujutsu system. Saying it not that it is bad, it just really not really true jiu jitsu. Saying a person takes bit of karate,Judo and jiu jitsu and slaps together system and call it Japanese jiu jitsu .
What is more scary is it a McDojo school or how much do they understand jiu jitsu. If such a school is only teaching some of the jiu jitsu moves?
Some members where saying I should take Aikido and Judo to get better feel of the art. But Aikido and Judo came from jiu jitsu.
It is really confusing understanding the different traditional Japanese jiu jitsu styles than the modern Japanese jiu jitsu.
Some of the Japanese jiu jitsu schools in Florida just seem to come of like McDojo schools to me or have no idea how to teach.
In our city there is a Ju-jitsu section. This is Bushinkay International, what you can say? It is worthy school for my child? Джиу-Джитсу Подольск
AlexMaster said:
The instructor is a master of sports in Sombo and is dan ranked in Judo and Aikido as well as what I believe is a modern form of jujutsu. Looks solid in terms of qualifications. You'll have to visit the school to see if the teaching environment is good for your child.
Reactions: pgsmith
Hmm, what can I say?
Not much. I don't read the language that the site is in… and it certainly isn't anything like classical Japanese Jujutsu… rather, it is (as Tony said) a modern amalgam of a couple of different grappling systems. Is if "worthy" for you child? How would we know? We don't know your kid, how old they are, what they're interested in, what perspective and understanding they come from, if they even want to train in martial arts, why they would want to train, or even if it's a boy or girl. The only one who can have anything close to a clue about any of that is you… take the kid along to the class, watch (or join in), and see how they feel about it. See if the school has a dedicated childs class (depending on the age of the kid)… see if they do competitions (likely)… and if that's something your kid is after. Really, this is like asking us if a particular restaurant halfway round the world, where we can't read the menu, is good for your family. We don't have a clue.
Chris Parker said:
I don't read the language that the site is in
Google translate actually does a pretty good job on the site.
oaktree
Under an Oaktree
To the original poster even though it's been a while there are actually classical jujutsu and other koryu in the areas of ft Lauderdale and in Miami. Maybe try Google or pm me.
MAfreak
judo and bjj, which picked up just the grappling parts of jujutsu, wouldn't be the nearest thing to it. aikido has grappling, but focused on wristlocks and few throws and sword, but also far from jujutsu i'd say. closest thing in my opinion would be the german jujutsu (just mention it, since i guess not many people around the world ever heard of it) and the korean art hapkido which also uses striking, grappling with (at least a bit of) ground fighting and traditional weapons like staff and sword.
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Jiu-Jitsu and Other Methods of Self Defense by Percy Longhurst.


text:
One yes at a time: in which our heroine becomes, officially, a novelist
October 19, 2015 October 19, 2015 CassMorrisWrites Leave a comment
And now, some words that I have been waiting to say since I was eleven years old:
I am going to be a published novelist.
I have a book deal.
Actually, I have a three-book deal. Aven has been sold to DAW Books and will be appearing on shelves in 2017.
I cannot give enough thanks and praise to my agent Connor, who took a chance on this project two years ago, shepherded me through several rounds of edits, and spent pretty much all of 2015 pushing it on sub. It's been wonderful working with him on every stage so far, and I can't wait for the next phase. <3
I'm also thrilled to be working now with Sarah Guan, my editor at DAW. My spare moments have already been filled with tackling the first round of notes she's given me so that I can polish Aven up into a tighter, leaner, brighter-burning book.
It's been a few weeks since I found out, and honestly, I'm still having trouble believing it sometimes — but seeing that notice from Publishers Marketplace sure helps! When I got the call from Connor, he had to repeat himself three times before my fuzzed brain was able to comprehend what he was saying. It's true what they say about that call — for someone who's dreamed of this and worked for this for so long, it's a life-changing moment, but something so big and so hoped-for turns out to actually be a little hard to wrap your head around.
I also want to say this by way of encouragement to other writers: Aven started life in 2011 as a Nano project. It was a way of rededicating myself to fiction writing after grad school and the first year of my day job had taken me utterly away from it in favor of academic writing. But I pinned myself down and committed to the project. I wrote, I revised, I did that some more. When I thought I had something good, I took a chance and pitched to a couple of agents at a con in 2012 — and then realised I still had a lot of work to do. I revised for another five months. I spent 10 months querying before Connor took me on in October of 2013. And then I revised some more. And then we went on sub. And then we decided to revise some more. And then it went on sub again. We had some disappointments along the road, and I'd been — as readers of this blog will know — working on some other projects so that I'd have something else ready if Aven had to go on the shelf. I'd been preparing myself for that; I had resigned myself to the probability, so I can quite honestly say that this success came when I absolutely least expected it.
My point in this is: Yeah, it's easy to get discouraged when you see how easy success seems for other writers. Of course, it never is, for anyone, but it can certainly look like that on social media — the writer who gets an offer from the first agent they query, the project that gets snapped up by a major publisher after being on sub for a week. When you're in whatever trenches you're in — drafting, revising, querying, subbing — it can seem impossible that you'll ever get to share in that joy that others are celebrating.
But all it takes is one "yes". Well. One yes at a time. A series of one yeses. One agent to say yes. One editor to say yes to the agent. One publisher to say yes to their editor.
The most important one, though? Is the very first yes — when you decide you've got a story to tell and dedicate yourself to telling it.
Set My Heart Aflame: A moment of love for language
October 6, 2015 October 6, 2015 CassMorrisWrites Leave a comment
So, I've recently become high-school-levels of obsessed with the musical Hamilton. At this point I'd pretty much sell a kidney to get to see it, and with the ticket prices and availability being what they are, it may well take that in order to do so. Fortunately, many of my friends share in this fixation, so my constant reblogging isn't as obnoxious as it might otherwise be.
Take yesterday, for example, when a friend decided to rhapsodize on the lovely repetition in the song "Satisfied", and I just couldn't resist from jumping in with a full rhetorical analysis:
There are a lot of reasons I've fallen so passionately in love with this musical, but this right here is a big one. The language is just goddamn gorgeous.
It makes you realise how flexible our ability to express ourselves is, how many ways a writer can reveal character and intent. The words themselves are just the half of it — rhythm, structure, patterns and the breaking of them — that makes the rest.


Welcome to the EdFed Guide to College Financial Aid. EdFed's report, "College Education Financing: Structure & Trends," is a comprehensive resource on student financial aid. Here you'll find the types of financial aid available, eligibility requirements, and past financial aid trends. Not only that, you will also learn about every aspect of student loans from origination to repayment. It is our goal to inform and educate students and graduates about the loans they borrower in order to ensure a financially successful future.
If you have any questions about financial aid, funding college, or student loans, you'll find the answers here.
Our financial aid experts are also available to assist you via Chat Live, email, or by calling 800-821-5659.


We live in a world wrought with revelry- a place that is truly apart. And so it was and has always been (okay, not always) that this special time of year sustains our attentions and affections, influences our travel plans, and even sometimes clouds our judgment a little. Some of us are in it for the fame and glory and others are just in for the booze and beads. Yes, I'm speaking of our dear friend, Carnival.
She parades herself down the streets flaunting the most colorful display of the area's best and brightest, leaving a massive amount of shiny plastic carnage as a parting gift. We'd never cease to love this.
From the preparation to the grand finale, Mardi Gras has been known to leave us with a hefty amount of by-product, or Chickamachaw [chick-a-ma-chaw] - as I've heard it referred to by a most-respectable New Orleanian. Most of us either toss it out or generously donate it to unsuspecting tourists. But as you can imagine, there has been a trail of beautiful debris scattered along the Coast throughout the history of this grand event.
Steeped in a rich past of Carnival, Old Town Bay St. Louis is a wonderful place to seek out vintage Mardi Gras Chickamachaw. Within its many antique shops you're sure to find vintage glass beads, costumes, doubloons, and posters.
There are several publications that have taken notice of these pieces ranging from costume sketches, invitations, jewelry, and of course, the throws. One of the most notable series that encompasses a vast array of all things antique Mardi Gras is Mardi Gras Treasures. Their collection of books and notecards feature costume designs, jewelry, and invitations from "the golden age."
Antique Chickamachaw is truly magical to behold and certainly awakens a strong feeling of nostalgia. As we could not have possibly remembered such an age, it suffices our spirits to know that even through the great decomposition of time, not a laugh or moment of wonder was lost and every detail was executed with brilliant regard to the future.
(You can pick up the book Mardi Gras Treasures or a box of notecards at Martha's shop The French Potager).


Whenever I get into something new, I get to know whatever it is as thoroughly as possible – all the ins and outs, high and low. True to form, when I joined the PPOC in 2010, the first thing I did was dive right into their accreditation program to see what genres of photography applied to my interests.
It didn't take very long for me to see that something was missing. While "high key portrait" was in the mix, "low key portrait" had been overlooked. It's like having only one side of a coin. So, I suggested to the association that the oversight be addressed and, after some back and forth on details, Low Key Portrait was added to the accreditation categories. Considering much of the art I'd created over the years was specifically dark and moody, it was a tailor-made genre for my (often) preferred style. Perfect … off we go!
It's not that I'd tried and failed, or even lost interest in it – I simply hadn't gotten around to it. Silly, I know, but that happens sometimes. All that excitement of getting it added to the mix and, somehow, it felt like "my job was done".
The Professional Photographers of Canada is pleased to announce that: Jay Terry MPA LPPO , has just earned an accreditation in Low Key Portrait, at our Accreditation judging in Langley, BC.
Accreditation is the first elevation above the general membership level, and is achieved by submitting samples of the applicant's photography to a PPOC Board of Review for Accreditation. Accreditation demonstrates that the photographer is capable of delivering above average quality photography in a chosen category. In assessing Accreditation Submissions, the judges will consider the following criteria: Impact, Creativity, Style, Composition, Presentation, Colour Balance, Centre of Interest, Lighting, Subject Matter, Image file quality, Technique and Story Telling.
Along with other service and print merits, a minimum of one Accreditation is required to qualify for a Craftsman of Photographic Arts and two accreditations are needed for a Master of Photographic Arts.
This entry was posted in Business, News and tagged Accreditation, B&W, Lighting, London, ON, Photography, Portrait, Professional Photographers of Canada, Toronto, atmosphere, black and white, custom, dark, dramatic, low key, moody, photos, short light, side lighting, style, stylised.
First you create the category, then ignore it for six years. Glad it came home to roost – good work, both ways.
Congratulations! Your talent is deserving of recognition. You have such an eye for so many genres!
Great job Jay! You know, I have completely overlooked low key portrait, it also happens to be one of my favorite genres…Guess I better get busy! Thanks for the kick in the pants!
Thanks, Marlene. You should definitely light that fire and submit for low key. You got this!


text:
set -o errexit

function usage {
  echo "Usage: $0 [OPTION]..."
  echo "Run Horizon's test suite(s)"
  echo ""
  echo "  -V, --virtual-env        Always use virtualenv.  Install automatically"
  echo "                           if not present"
  echo "  -N, --no-virtual-env     Don't use virtualenv.  Run tests in local"
  echo "                           environment"
  echo "  -c, --coverage           Generate reports using Coverage"
  echo "  -f, --force              Force a clean re-build of the virtual"
  echo "                           environment. Useful when dependencies have"
  echo "                           been added."
  echo "  -m, --manage             Run a Django management command."
  echo "  --makemessages           Create/Update English translation files."
  echo "  --compilemessages        Compile all translation files."
  echo "  --check-only             Do not update translation files (--makemessages only)."
  echo "  --pseudo                 Pseudo translate a language."
  echo "  -p, --pep8               Just run pep8"
  echo "  -8, --pep8-changed [<basecommit>]"
  echo "                           Just run PEP8 and HACKING compliance check"
  echo "                           on files changed since HEAD~1 (or <basecommit>)"
  echo "  -P, --no-pep8            Don't run pep8 by default"
  echo "  -t, --tabs               Check for tab characters in files."
  echo "  -y, --pylint             Just run pylint"
  echo "  -q, --quiet              Run non-interactively. (Relatively) quiet."
  echo "                           Implies -V if -N is not set."
  echo "  --only-selenium          Run only the Selenium unit tests"
  echo "  --with-selenium          Run unit tests including Selenium tests"
  echo "  --selenium-headless      Run Selenium tests headless"
  echo "  --integration            Run the integration tests (requires a running "
  echo "                           OpenStack environment)"
  echo "  --runserver              Run the Django development server for"
  echo "                           openstack_dashboard in the virtual"
  echo "                           environment."
  echo "  --docs                   Just build the documentation"
  echo "  --backup-environment     Make a backup of the environment on exit"
  echo "  --restore-environment    Restore the environment before running"
  echo "  --destroy-environment    Destroy the environment and exit"
  echo "  -h, --help               Print this usage message"
  echo ""
  echo "Note: with no options specified, the script will try to run the tests in"
  echo "  a virtual environment,  If no virtualenv is found, the script will ask"
  echo "  if you would like to create one.  If you prefer to run tests NOT in a"
  echo "  virtual environment, simply pass the -N option."
  exit
}

# DEFAULTS FOR RUN_TESTS.SH
#
root=`pwd -P`
venv=$root/.venv
venv_env_version=$venv/environments
with_venv=tools/with_venv.sh
included_dirs="manila_ui"

always_venv=0
backup_env=0
command_wrapper=""
destroy=0
force=0
just_pep8=0
just_pep8_changed=0
no_pep8=0
just_pylint=0
just_docs=0
just_tabs=0
never_venv=0
quiet=0
restore_env=0
runserver=0
only_selenium=0
with_selenium=0
selenium_headless=0
integration=0
testopts=""
testargs=""
with_coverage=0
makemessages=0
compilemessages=0
check_only=0
pseudo=0
manage=0

# Jenkins sets a "JOB_NAME" variable, if it's not set, we'll make it "default"
[ "$JOB_NAME" ] || JOB_NAME="default"

function process_option {
  # If running manage command, treat the rest of options as arguments.
  if [ $manage -eq 1 ]; then
     testargs="$testargs $1"
     return 0
  fi

  case "$1" in
    -h|--help) usage;;
    -V|--virtual-env) always_venv=1; never_venv=0;;
    -N|--no-virtual-env) always_venv=0; never_venv=1;;
    -p|--pep8) just_pep8=1;;
    -8|--pep8-changed) just_pep8_changed=1;;
    -P|--no-pep8) no_pep8=1;;
    -y|--pylint) just_pylint=1;;
    -f|--force) force=1;;
    -t|--tabs) just_tabs=1;;
    -q|--quiet) quiet=1;;
    -c|--coverage) with_coverage=1;;
    -m|--manage) manage=1;;
    --makemessages) makemessages=1;;
    --compilemessages) compilemessages=1;;
    --check-only) check_only=1;;
    --pseudo) pseudo=1;;
    --only-selenium) only_selenium=1;;
    --with-selenium) with_selenium=1;;
    --selenium-headless) selenium_headless=1;;
    --integration) integration=1;;
    --docs) just_docs=1;;
    --runserver) runserver=1;;
    --backup-environment) backup_env=1;;
    --restore-environment) restore_env=1;;
    --destroy-environment) destroy=1;;
    -*) testopts="$testopts $1";;
    *) testargs="$testargs $1"
  esac
}

function run_management_command {
  ${command_wrapper} python $root/manage.py $testopts $testargs
}

function run_server {
  echo "Starting Django development server..."
  ${command_wrapper} python $root/manage.py runserver $testopts $testargs
  echo "Server stopped."
}

function run_pylint {
  echo "Running pylint ..."
  PYTHONPATH=$root ${command_wrapper} pylint --rcfile=.pylintrc -f parseable $included_dirs > pylint.txt || true
  CODE=$?
  grep Global -A2 pylint.txt
  if [ $CODE -lt 32 ]; then
      echo "Completed successfully."
      exit 0
  else
      echo "Completed with problems."
      exit $CODE
  fi
}

function warn_on_flake8_without_venv {
  set +o errexit
  ${command_wrapper} python -c "import hacking" 2>/dev/null
  no_hacking=$?
  set -o errexit
  if [ $never_venv -eq 1 -a $no_hacking -eq 1 ]; then
      echo "**WARNING**:" >&2
      echo "OpenStack hacking is not installed on your host. Its detection will be missed." >&2
      echo "Please install or use virtual env if you need OpenStack hacking detection." >&2
  fi
}

function run_pep8 {
  echo "Running flake8 ..."
  warn_on_flake8_without_venv
  DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=manila_ui.tests.settings ${command_wrapper} flake8
}

function run_pep8_changed {
    # NOTE(gilliard) We want use flake8 to check the entirety of every file that has
    # a change in it. Unfortunately the --filenames argument to flake8 only accepts
    # file *names* and there are no files named (eg) "nova/compute/manager.py".  The
    # --diff argument behaves surprisingly as well, because although you feed it a
    # diff, it actually checks the file on disk anyway.
    local base_commit=${testargs:-HEAD~1}
    files=$(git diff --name-only $base_commit | tr '\n' ' ')
    echo "Running flake8 on ${files}"
    warn_on_flake8_without_venv
    diff -u --from-file /dev/null ${files} | DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=manila_ui.tests.settings ${command_wrapper} flake8 --diff
    exit
}

function run_sphinx {
    echo "Building sphinx..."
    DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=manila_ui.tests.settings ${command_wrapper} python setup.py build_sphinx
    echo "Build complete."
}

function tab_check {
  TAB_VIOLATIONS=`find $included_dirs -type f -regex ".*\.\(css\|js\|py\|html\)" -print0 | xargs -0 awk '/\t/' | wc -l`
  if [ $TAB_VIOLATIONS -gt 0 ]; then
    echo "TABS! $TAB_VIOLATIONS of them! Oh no!"
    HORIZON_FILES=`find $included_dirs -type f -regex ".*\.\(css\|js\|py|\html\)"`
    for TABBED_FILE in $HORIZON_FILES
    do
      TAB_COUNT=`awk '/\t/' $TABBED_FILE | wc -l`
      if [ $TAB_COUNT -gt 0 ]; then
        echo "$TABBED_FILE: $TAB_COUNT"
      fi
    done
  fi
  return $TAB_VIOLATIONS;
}

function destroy_venv {
  echo "Cleaning environment..."
  echo "Removing virtualenv..."
  rm -rf $venv
  echo "Virtualenv removed."
}

function environment_check {
  echo "Checking environment."
  if [ -f $venv_env_version ]; then
    set +o errexit
    cat requirements.txt test-requirements.txt | cmp $venv_env_version - > /dev/null
    local env_check_result=$?
    set -o errexit
    if [ $env_check_result -eq 0 ]; then
      # If the environment exists and is up-to-date then set our variables
      command_wrapper="${root}/${with_venv}"
      echo "Environment is up to date."
      return 0
    fi
  fi

  if [ $always_venv -eq 1 ]; then
    install_venv
  else
    if [ ! -e ${venv} ]; then
      echo -e "Environment not found. Install? (Y/n) \c"
    else
      echo -e "Your environment appears to be out of date. Update? (Y/n) \c"
    fi
    read update_env
    if [ "x$update_env" = "xY" -o "x$update_env" = "x" -o "x$update_env" = "xy" ]; then
      install_venv
    else
      # Set our command wrapper anyway.
      command_wrapper="${root}/${with_venv}"
    fi
  fi
}

function sanity_check {
  # Anything that should be determined prior to running the tests, server, etc.
  # Don't sanity-check anything environment-related in -N flag is set
  if [ $never_venv -eq 0 ]; then
    if [ ! -e ${venv} ]; then
      echo "Virtualenv not found at $venv. Did install_venv.py succeed?"
      exit 1
    fi
  fi
  # Remove .pyc files. This is sanity checking because they can linger
  # after old files are deleted.
  find . -name "*.pyc" -exec rm -rf {} \;
}

function backup_environment {
  if [ $backup_env -eq 1 ]; then
    echo "Backing up environment \"$JOB_NAME\"..."
    if [ ! -e ${venv} ]; then
      echo "Environment not installed. Cannot back up."
      return 0
    fi
    if [ -d /tmp/.horizon_environment/$JOB_NAME ]; then
      mv /tmp/.horizon_environment/$JOB_NAME /tmp/.horizon_environment/$JOB_NAME.old
      rm -rf /tmp/.horizon_environment/$JOB_NAME
    fi
    mkdir -p /tmp/.horizon_environment/$JOB_NAME
    cp -r $venv /tmp/.horizon_environment/$JOB_NAME/
    # Remove the backup now that we've completed successfully
    rm -rf /tmp/.horizon_environment/$JOB_NAME.old
    echo "Backup completed"
  fi
}

function restore_environment {
  if [ $restore_env -eq 1 ]; then
    echo "Restoring environment from backup..."
    if [ ! -d /tmp/.horizon_environment/$JOB_NAME ]; then
      echo "No backup to restore from."
      return 0
    fi

    cp -r /tmp/.horizon_environment/$JOB_NAME/.venv ./ || true

    echo "Environment restored successfully."
  fi
}

function install_venv {
  # Install with install_venv.py
  export PIP_DOWNLOAD_CACHE=${PIP_DOWNLOAD_CACHE-/tmp/.pip_download_cache}
  export PIP_USE_MIRRORS=true
  if [ $quiet -eq 1 ]; then
    export PIP_NO_INPUT=true
  fi
  echo "Fetching new src packages..."
  rm -rf $venv/src
  python tools/install_venv.py
  command_wrapper="$root/${with_venv}"
  # Make sure it worked and record the environment version
  sanity_check
  chmod -R 754 $venv
  cat requirements.txt test-requirements.txt > $venv_env_version
}

function run_tests {
  sanity_check

  if [ $with_selenium -eq 1 ]; then
    export WITH_SELENIUM=1
  elif [ $only_selenium -eq 1 ]; then
    export WITH_SELENIUM=1
    export SKIP_UNITTESTS=1
  fi

  if [ $selenium_headless -eq 1 ]; then
    export SELENIUM_HEADLESS=1
  fi

  if [ -z "$testargs" ]; then
     run_tests_all
  else
     run_tests_subset
  fi
}

function run_tests_subset {
  project=`echo $testargs | awk -F. '{print $1}'`
  ${command_wrapper} python $root/manage.py test --settings=$project.tests.settings --exclude-tag integration $testopts $testargs
}

function run_tests_all {
  echo "Running Manila-UI application tests"
  export NOSE_XUNIT_FILE=manila_ui/nosetests.xml
  if [ "$NOSE_WITH_HTML_OUTPUT" = '1' ]; then
    export NOSE_HTML_OUT_FILE='manila_ui_nose_results.html'
  fi
  if [ $with_coverage -eq 1 ]; then
    ${command_wrapper} python -m coverage.__main__ erase
    coverage_run="python -m coverage.__main__ run -p"
  fi
  ${command_wrapper} ${coverage_run} $root/manage.py test manila_ui --settings=manila_ui.tests.settings --exclude-tag integration $testopts
  # get results of the Horizon tests
  MANILA_UI_RESULT=$?

  if [ $with_coverage -eq 1 ]; then
    echo "Generating coverage reports"
    ${command_wrapper} python -m coverage.__main__ combine
    ${command_wrapper} python -m coverage.__main__ xml -i --omit='/usr*,setup.py,*egg*,.venv/*'
    ${command_wrapper} python -m coverage.__main__ html -i --omit='/usr*,setup.py,*egg*,.venv/*' -d cover
  fi
  # Remove the leftover coverage files from the -p flag earlier.
  rm -f .coverage.*

  PEP8_RESULT=0
  if [ $no_pep8 -eq 0 ] && [ $only_selenium -eq 0 ]; then
      run_pep8
      PEP8_RESULT=$?
  fi

  TEST_RESULT=$(($MANILA_UI_RESULT || $PEP8_RESULT))
  if [ $TEST_RESULT -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "Tests completed successfully."
  else
    echo "Tests failed."
  fi
  exit $TEST_RESULT
}

function run_integration_tests {
  export INTEGRATION_TESTS=1

  if [ $selenium_headless -eq 1 ]; then
    export SELENIUM_HEADLESS=1
  fi

  echo "Running Horizon integration tests..."
  if [ -z "$testargs" ]; then
      ${command_wrapper} nosetests openstack_dashboard/test/integration_tests/tests
  else
      ${command_wrapper} nosetests $testargs
  fi
  exit 0
}

function run_makemessages {
  OPTS="-l en --no-obsolete --settings=openstack_dashboard.test.settings"
  DASHBOARD_OPTS="--extension=html,txt,csv --ignore=openstack"
  echo -n "horizon: "
  cd horizon
  ${command_wrapper} $root/manage.py makemessages $OPTS
  HORIZON_PY_RESULT=$?
  echo -n "horizon javascript: "
  ${command_wrapper} $root/manage.py makemessages -d djangojs $OPTS
  HORIZON_JS_RESULT=$?
  echo -n "openstack_dashboard: "
  cd ../openstack_dashboard
  ${command_wrapper} $root/manage.py makemessages $DASHBOARD_OPTS $OPTS
  DASHBOARD_RESULT=$?
  cd ..
  if [ $check_only -eq 1 ]; then
    git checkout -- horizon/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/django*.po
    git checkout -- openstack_dashboard/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/django.po
  fi
  exit $(($HORIZON_PY_RESULT || $HORIZON_JS_RESULT || $DASHBOARD_RESULT))
}

function run_compilemessages {
  OPTS="--settings=openstack_dashboard.test.settings"
  cd horizon
  ${command_wrapper} $root/manage.py compilemessages $OPTS
  HORIZON_PY_RESULT=$?
  cd ../openstack_dashboard
  ${command_wrapper} $root/manage.py compilemessages $OPTS
  DASHBOARD_RESULT=$?
  cd ..
  # English is the source language, so compiled catalogs are unnecessary.
  rm -vf horizon/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/django*.mo
  rm -vf openstack_dashboard/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/django.mo
  exit $(($HORIZON_PY_RESULT || $DASHBOARD_RESULT))
}

function run_pseudo {
  for lang in $testargs
  # Use English po file as the source file/pot file just like real Horizon translations
  do
      ${command_wrapper} $root/tools/pseudo.py openstack_dashboard/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/django.po openstack_dashboard/locale/$lang/LC_MESSAGES/django.po $lang
      ${command_wrapper} $root/tools/pseudo.py horizon/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/django.po horizon/locale/$lang/LC_MESSAGES/django.po $lang
      ${command_wrapper} $root/tools/pseudo.py horizon/locale/en/LC_MESSAGES/djangojs.po horizon/locale/$lang/LC_MESSAGES/djangojs.po $lang
  done
  exit $?
}

# ---------PREPARE THE ENVIRONMENT------------ #

# PROCESS ARGUMENTS, OVERRIDE DEFAULTS
for arg in "$@"; do
    process_option $arg
done

if [ $quiet -eq 1 ] && [ $never_venv -eq 0 ] && [ $always_venv -eq 0 ]
then
  always_venv=1
fi

# If destroy is set, just blow it away and exit.
if [ $destroy -eq 1 ]; then
  destroy_venv
  exit 0
fi

# Ignore all of this if the -N flag was set
if [ $never_venv -eq 0 ]; then

  # Restore previous environment if desired
  if [ $restore_env -eq 1 ]; then
    restore_environment
  fi

  # Remove the virtual environment if --force used
  if [ $force -eq 1 ]; then
    destroy_venv
  fi

  # Then check if it's up-to-date
  environment_check

  # Create a backup of the up-to-date environment if desired
  if [ $backup_env -eq 1 ]; then
    backup_environment
  fi
fi

# ---------EXERCISE THE CODE------------ #

# Run management commands
if [ $manage -eq 1 ]; then
    run_management_command
    exit $?
fi

# Build the docs
if [ $just_docs -eq 1 ]; then
    run_sphinx
    exit $?
fi

# Update translation files
if [ $makemessages -eq 1 ]; then
    run_makemessages
    exit $?
fi

# Compile translation files
if [ $compilemessages -eq 1 ]; then
    run_compilemessages
    exit $?
fi

# Generate Pseudo translation
if [ $pseudo -eq 1 ]; then
    run_pseudo
    exit $?
fi

# PEP8
if [ $just_pep8 -eq 1 ]; then
    run_pep8
    exit $?
fi

if [ $just_pep8_changed -eq 1 ]; then
    run_pep8_changed
    exit $?
fi

# Pylint
if [ $just_pylint -eq 1 ]; then
    run_pylint
    exit $?
fi

# Tab checker
if [ $just_tabs -eq 1 ]; then
    tab_check
    exit $?
fi

# Integration tests
if [ $integration -eq 1 ]; then
    run_integration_tests
    exit $?
fi

# Django development server
if [ $runserver -eq 1 ]; then
    run_server
    exit $?
fi

# Full test suite
run_tests || exit

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub