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Fortnightly Magazine - April 2014
Minnesota Power ordered 205 MW of Siemens wind turbines.
SolarReserve began commissioning the 110-MW Crescent Dunes solar energy project, including advanced molten salt power tower energy storage capabilities, near Tonopah, Nev. Commissioning activities include energizing utility interconnection system and other electrical systems. Unlike traditional power plants, commissioning includes systems unique to Crescent Dunes such as a heliostat field control system that will control and concentrate the sun's energy and also the molten salt system that will harness, store, and convert solar energy into superheated steam. SolarReserve says Crescent Dunes will be the world's largest solar thermal plant with fully integrated energy storage.
SPI Solar (SPI) and KDC Solar agreed to jointly develop and own the Mountain Creek solar project in Vernon, N.J., comprised of multiple solar energy facilities at the Mountain Creek Resort. In addition, both companies have also agreed to execute a project administration agreement covering the performance of services for the Mountain Creek project by SPI.
SunEdison completed a 306-kW DC solar system for Whole Foods Market in Brooklyn, N.Y. SunEdison designed the system using a parking canopy structure that collects rainwater while protecting customers from the elements. The two companies have worked together since 2004 and have jointly deployed 1.5 MW of solar projects. The building is designed to be 60-percent more energy efficient than the average grocery store, with more than 25 percent of site power needs being met by solar energy. SunEdison will manage the plant from its renewable operations center (ROC).
Minnesota Power ordered 64 units of Siemens's latest 3-MW D3 platform wind turbines to be installed at the Bison Wind Energy Center near New Salem, N.D. The wind turbines feature a 113-meter rotor and 92.5-meter hub height and thus increased rating of 3.2 MW. Installation of the turbines is scheduled to begin in mid-June 2014, and commercial operation is slated for December 2014. The scope of supply includes transportation, installation, and commissioning, as well as a three-year service and maintenance agreement.
NRG started operations at the 392-MW Ivanpah SEGS plant.
Lockheed Martin signed a contract with Victorian Wave Partners Ltd. to begin developing the world's largest wave energy project announced to date. The 62.5-MW peak power wave energy generation project will be built off the coast of Victoria, Australia, using the PowerBuoy wave energy converter technology of Ocean Power Technologies (OPT). The project is scheduled to be built up in three stages, with the first stage producing approximately 2.5-MW peak power. In this project, Lockheed Martin will provide overall project management, assist with the design for manufacturing of the PowerBuoy technology, lead the production of selected PowerBuoy components, and perform system integration of the wave energy converters.
Washington Gas Energy Systems completed two solar projects: one for Western University of Health Sciences and one for Corcoran Unified School District, both located in California. Both facilities will be owned and operated by Washington Gas Energy Systems under 20-year PPAs. The solar array at Western University is a 672-kW project with a roof-mounted system composed of 2,688 solar panels. Green Energy Partners developed the project; Conergy managed EPC activities. The 1,269-kW solar array at Corcoran Unified School District consists of 4,422 solar panels. The project was developed by AMSOLAR and was engineered and installed by Conergy. TerraVerde Renewable Partners acted as the consultant for the district.
Alstom will supply five Haliade 150 6-MW offshore wind turbines for Deepwater Wind's 30-MW Block Island Wind Farm located off the coast of Rhode Island. Alstom will manufacture the turbines and will provide 15 years of operation and maintenance support. The project is aligned with The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management's "Smart from the Start" offshore wind program, which aims to accelerate the development of offshore wind along the Eastern seaboard of the U.S.
El Paso Electric (EPE) and Newman Solar, owned by juwi solar (JSI), have signed an agreement to build a 10-MW solar energy facility in Northeast El Paso, Texas, next to EPE's Newman Generation Station. JSI will be responsible for developing, designing, building, and operating the Newman Solar project. EPE and JSI signed a 30-year PPA for 10 MW of solar photovoltaic energy in which EPE will purchase all of the solar energy, renewable energy credits and associated attributes. The 10-MW AC ground-mounted PV system will interconnect to EPE's new Patriot substation via a dedicated 13.8-kV distribution feeder. The contractual COD for the solar facility is December 2014.
FirstEnergy sold 11 hydro stations, including the Seneca pumped storage project, to LS Power.
SunEdison and MIC Solar Energy Holdings completed a 16.4-MW PV solar power plant located outside Tucson, Ariz., on Davis-Monthan Air Force Base (AFB). The project was developed with a public-private alliance between Davis-Monthan AFB, SunEdison, the North American Development Bank (NADB), MIC Solar Energy Holdings, Chevron Energy Solutions, and local officials. MIC Solar Energy Holdings took ownership of the project and SunEdison ROC will manage plant operations through a contract with MIC Solar Energy Holdings.
NRG Solar's Ivanpah solar electric generating system achieved commercial operation at the end of 2013 and began delivering electricity to California customers. At full capacity, the facility produces a gross total of 392 MW. Ivanpah is a joint effort between NRG, Google, and BrightSource Energy, with Bechtel as the EPC contractor. The project received a $1.6 billion loan guarantee from the U.S. Department of Energy's Loan Programs Office. NRG will operate the plant. Ivanpah's Units 1 and 3 sell power to Pacific Gas & Electric under two long-term PPAs, while Unit 2 generates electricity for Southern California Edison under a similar contract.
Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association entered into a 25-year agreement with a subsidiary of NextEra Energy Resources for a 150-MW wind power facility to be constructed in eastern Colorado. Under the 25-year PPA, Tri-State will purchase the entire output and associated environmental attributes of the Carousel Wind Farm. The 150-MW facility will be Tri-State's largest wind energy PPA to date.
Manitoba Hydro and Great River Energy signed a MOU to jointly investigate the sale of up to 600 MW of electricity from Manitoba Hydro to Great River Energy, starting in 2020. Under the MOU, the utilities have agreed to discuss supplying some of Great River Energy's long-term electricity needs from Manitoba Hydro's proposed new hydroelectric stations. The new hydro stations include the proposed Keeyask Generating Station, being developed in partnership with four local first nations - Tataskweyak, Fox Lake, War Lake, and York Factory.
Blink EV charging stations commissioned at 13th IKEA site.
Georgia Power secured approximately $3.46 billion in loan guarantees from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) toward the construction of the Plant Vogtle units 3 and 4 nuclear expansion project. The project is the first U.S. nuclear project to receive funding through the DOE program. Along with Georgia Power's portion of the two 1,100-MW reactors, the remaining ownership is split among Oglethorpe Power, the Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia (MEAG Power) and Dalton Utilities. Georgia Power's share of costs is currently projected at approximately $6.8 billion, which includes approximately $2 billion of financing costs to be collected during construction.
NTE Energy plans to develop, own and operate two gas-fired power projects: the Pecan Creek energy center, located near Sweetwater, Texas; and the Kings Mountain combined-cycle plant, near Cleveland County, N.C. Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Americas is providing gas turbines - the M501GAC-FAST combustion turbine in simple-cycle mode at Pecan Creek, and the M501GAC advanced combustion turbine and a Mitsubishi steam turbine in combined-cycle configuration at Kings Mountain. NTE Energy has begun the permitting process at Kings Mountain and submitted its transmission interconnection request to Duke Energy Carolinas. The project is planned to begin construction in 2015 and become fully operational in 2018. At Pecan Creek, NTE Energy has filed permit applications and generation interconnection request with ERCOT. The Pecan Creek project is expected to begin construction in the fourth quarter 2014 and become fully operational in the second quarter 2016.
ABB won orders worth around $56 million from Power Grid Corp. of India (POWERGRID), to supply power transformers and shunt reactors for substations being built to support the country's ultrahigh voltage transmission grid development. ABB will supply 14 500-MVA, 765-kV ultrahigh voltage single-phase auto-transformers at greenfield substations being constructed in Kanpur and Varanasi. ABB will also supply 26 units of 80-MVA and 10 units of 110-MVA, 765-kV ultrahigh voltage single-phase shunt reactors for four substations being built in southern and eastern India. The orders were booked in the fourth quarter of 2013 and in the first quarter of 2014.
Siemens Energy completed the EstLink 2 project, a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) link consisting of converter stations in Anttila, Finland, and Püssi, Estonia. Power is now being transmitted by Fingrid, the transmission system operator in Finland and the Estonian transmission system operator Elering. The new joint transmission capacity between the two countries has increased from 350 MW to 1,000 MW. Siemens was responsible for designing the HVDC system as a monopolar connection with metallic return conductor. This turnkey project included delivering, installing, and commissioning the complete HVDC converter stations, excluding the overhead line and power cable in between the stations. Total value of the converter station turnkey project was €100 million - approximately $137 million USD.
Sumitomo installed a utility scale storage project in Japan, powered by used EV batteries.
Alterra Power completed its acquisition of the Shannon wind project, a 202-MW wind farm in Clay County, Texas, from Horn Wind. Alterra also placed a $4.5 million cash deposit with Oncor, the project's transmission service provider, which will now begin design and equipment procurement for the project's interconnection substation. In December 2013, Alterra completed certain construction activities to ensure the Shannon project will qualify for the U.S. production tax credit, which included contracting with Mortenson Construction to complete the initial phase of on-site construction and contracting with Siemens Energy to begin manufacturing the project's main power transformer. Project financing is expected to close during the second quarter of 2014.
Sunrun acquired the residential division of REC Solar, AEE Solar and SnapNrack. The companies represent Mainstream Energy's residential solar sales, design, and installation; wholesale distribution; and mounting systems and hardware businesses, respectively. In the commercial market, REC Solar will continue as an independent organization under the legal name REC Solar Commercial. The value of the transaction wasn't disclosed.
FirstEnergy completed the sale of 11 hydroelectric power stations to Harbor Hydro Holdings, a subsidiary of LS Power Equity Partners, for approximately $395 million. The two companies originally announced the sales agreement in September 2013. The hydroelectric power stations included in this sale are owned by FirstEnergy Generation, Allegheny Energy Supply, and Green Valley Hydro, and have a total capacity of 527 MW. The sale includes: Seneca Pumped Storage (451 MW); Allegheny Lock & Dam 5 (6 MW); Allegheny Lock & Dam 6 (7 MW); Lake Lynn (52 MW); Millville (3 MW); Dam 4 (2 MW); Dam 5 (1.2 MW); Warren (750 kW); Luray (1.6 MW); and Shenandoah and Newport (860 kW and 1.4 MW, respectively).
Manitoba Hydro signed two power sales agreements with Wisconsin Public Service (WPS), a subsidiary of Integrys Energy Group. The first sale, running from 2016 through 2021, is for 108 MW of firm power. The second sale, which will use electricity produced by the proposed new Conawapa Generating Station on the Nelson River, is for 308 MW of firm power for up to 10 years starting in 2027. A previously announced 100-MW sale to WPS is scheduled to run from 2021 to 2026, bridging the gap between the two new deals.
Calpine completed the acquisition of a natural gas-fired, combined-cycle power plant located in Guadalupe County, 30 miles northeast of San Antonio, Texas, in ERCOT's south zone. Calpine purchased the 1,050-MW plant from MinnTex Power Holdings, a portfolio company managed by Wayzata Investment Partners, for $625 million plus adjustments. Guadalupe Energy Center is located on a 110-acre site and includes two 525-MW generation blocks, each consisting of two GE 7FA combustion turbines, two heat recovery steam generators, and one GE steam turbine.
Itron announced a new subscription-based service offering called Itron TOTAL. Itron says it will offer subscription-based pricing structures for its existing capabilities in metering, communications, data management, analysis, and professional services. The offering is available for electric, gas, and water utility customers in North America. Additional services include analytics, field installation and maintenance options, distribution automation, consumer engagement, and other AMI functionality.
EVs & Storage
Sumitomo developed and installed a large-scale power storage system that utilizes used batteries collected from electric vehicles. The system, built on Yume-shima Island, Osaka, began operating in February 2014. Over the next three years, the system will measure the smoothing effect of energy output fluctuation from the nearby Hikari-no-mori solar farm, and will aim to establish a large-scale power storage technology utilizing discarded EV batteries.
IKEA plugged in four Blink electric vehicle charging stations at one of its Chicago-area stores as part of its partnership with Car Charging Group. This initiative represents the 13th such U.S. project for IKEA, with installation underway at other locations. Current plans will bring to 54 the number of Blink charging stations available at IKEA locations.
NRG Energy and Virgin Limited Edition entered into a diesel reduction agreement for the provision of renewable power to Necker Island, in the British Virgin Islands. Pursuant to this agreement, NRG will develop a renewables-driven microgrid for the entire island, supplying reliable electricity powered at least 75 percent by an integrated array of solar, wind, and energy storage technologies. This system will be supported by new energy efficiency and energy control automation designed to reduce overall energy use and synchronize energy consumption with renewable energy production on the island.
SolarReserve
SPI Solar
KDC Solar
SunEdison
Minnesota Power
Victorian Wave
Ocean Power
Washington Gas
Virgin Limited Edition
juwi
MIC Solar
BrightSource
Bechtel
Tri-State Generation
Transmission Association
Manitoba Hydro
Great River
NTE Energy
Mitsubishi Hitachi
Horn Wind
Mortenson Construction
Sunrun
Mainstream Energy
FirstEnergy
Harbor Hydro
Integrys Energy
MinnTex Power
Wayzata Investment
Car Charging Group


A textbook that is not written like a textbook.
Students learn astronomy by doing astronomy.
At Play in the Cosmos is a first-of-its-kind resource in astronomy education. Jeff Bary (Colgate University) and Adam Frank (University of Rochester) worked with the nonprofit Learning Games Network to develop a mission-based online videogame where students can fly up to twenty missions that span the entire scope of the course from basic physics to cosmology.
At Play in the Cosmos is the product of close collaboration in three fields: game-based learning, video game design, and teaching introductory astronomy.
Astronomers Jeff Bary and Adam Frank worked with the nonprofit Learning Games Network (affiliated with the University of Wisconsin and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and W. W. Norton to develop the game.
The theme of exploration drives student gameplay through a variety of narrative and collection missions. In the guided, narrative missions, each student assumes the role of a search/survey/rescue contractor. The game's Cosmic Operations Research Interface (CORI) guides students through achieving goals, like finding a habitable exoplanet or redirecting a rogue comet. Along the way, students are asked to choose the right scientific tool for the task, putting underlying course concepts to use.
Thirty Interactive Simulations, available as reference tools within the game, introduce basic concepts through multiple representations: variable view, numeric view, and graphical view. All simulations are controlled with just one or two sliders to help students focus on learning the concepts rather than just fiddling with the controls.
At Play in the Cosmos reports data on students' gameplay back to the instructor, so you can track time on task, mission completion, and students' patterns of selecting the correct (or incorrect) scientific tools for each mission.
The game is available with every copy of Adam Frank's textbook, Astronomy: At Play in the Cosmos, at no extra cost for spring 2017 classes. For fall 2017 classes and beyond, access can be purchased standalone or packaged with any W. W. Norton introductory astronomy text.


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Q: Only show logging info in dev-mode in NodeJS/Browser I have a javascript class which can be used in both the browser and NodeJS.
Suppose the class looks like this
class BarFoo {
    lookup() {
         // Do magic
         if (magicFailed && window.DEVELOP) {
             console.log('Show some info to help debugging...');
         }
    }
    ...
}

To make this example also work for NodeJS I can imaging that the global
In this example I only show the log message if the app is in developing mode (window.DEVELOP === true). But I would like to use this class also in a nodeJS app, so I don't have a window object. What is the preferred way to set this up for both?

A: You could do it like this:
Start your app with:
NODE_ENV=development node app.js

Then check it like so:
const isServer = typeof window === 'undefined'
const isDev = isServer ? process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development' : window.DEVELOP

if (isDev) {
  // ...
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A small scale strength circuit class run by our Exercise Physiologists is designed to help with strength and overall fitness.
Prior to this class you may need a one on one assessment with our Exercise Physiologist if you have any specific injuries that need to be addressed, otherwise you can join in this group immediately!
The class uses a range of strengthening tools such as weights, cable machines, power bands, kettlebells, body weights and some cardio fitness equipment.
This class is designed for 3-6 clients depending on which studio you attend.


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Tag: Delhi bus
Over 13,000 marshals in Delhi buses from tomorrow to ensure women safety: Kejriwal
Delhi CM also informed that the bus rides will be free for the women passengers in the national capital from tomorrow onwards.
This photo of a submerged DTC bus in Delhi has left Twitter fuming
The photograph of a Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) bus submerged below the Minto Bridge in New Delhi has gone viral with people commenting on the sad state of affairs of the national capital's civic infrastructure.
Whither change?
Time was when DTC was the only means of mass public transport and crowded buses were a common sight. Few would today believe that passengers clung to the buses, which were very erratic in their frequency, with barely a toehold on the footboard and holding on to the side bars or the door jamb. Often, …
Continue reading "Whither change?"
School students kill man in Delhi bus
A 25-year-old man was killed by a group of four or five school students in a moving bus here over a row over a stolen mobile phone, police said on Friday. The incident took place on Thursday at around 3.30 p.m. in the bus plying from Punjabi Bagh to Badarpur border. "According to witnesses, the …
Continue reading "School students kill man in Delhi bus"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Hi! my name is Eric. I am a PhD student studying Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, supervised by Dr. Wai-Tat Fu.
My research interests lie in the intersection of human-computer interaction and data analytics. My research currently focuses on understanding and assisting human causal reasoning in visual analytics.
Open data and easy-to-use visualization tools are increasingly available to the general public; however, little is known about how, and how well, people use visualizations to infer causality. Spurious correlations and conflicting visual patterns could confuse novices and lead them to make incorrect causal inferences. We conduct user studies to understand common human reasoning strategies and pitfalls, and design visual analytics interfaces that assist causal inference.
The funding distribution in existing crowdfunding platforms is often skewed: very few campaigns receive most of the money while the majority of campaigns receive little. Inspired by the Deferred Acceptance algorithm, we designed a new donating interface where donors can express their preferences over multiple campaigns. Our platform then automatically allocates funding based on donors' preferences in a more effective way, thus increasing the overall success rate.
BioScope is a bandage-like extensible sensing system, which is specially designed for nurses. The system is easy to apply and is able to collect numerous crucial bio-signals such as ECG, temperature, movements, and sounds. I utilized 3D printing for prototyping and help conducted experiments of the system.
We designed a smartphone application, SoberDiary, that helps alcohol dependent patients stay sober after medical treatments. SoberDiary consists of (1) a portable Bluetooth breathalyzer, (2) a phone application, and (3) a backend server.
Patients could take breathe alcohol content test any time and anywhere. Based on their test results and life experience feedbacks, SoberDiary automatically provides useful suggestions to help patients stay healthy, and helps doctors understand the immediate situations of the patients. I participated the user study that recruited real patients for our experiment, conducted interviews, and visualized collected data for analysis.
We analyzed the channel utilization of Common Control Channel (CCC)-based wireless protocol. An efficient estimation algorithm for the number of devices on a wireless channel is designed to optimize the utilization based on our analysis. Our proposed protocol outperforms other protocols significantly, especially when the number of devices is large and in a state of dramatic fluctuation. Our work was accepted and presented in IWCMC 2013, and was selected for publication in the WCMC journal. Further improvement of the protocol is achieved by adopting the asynchronous resource reservation concept.
The figure above shows an example of the channel reservation result by our extended protocol. 20 machines, labeled from 0 to 19, are communicating on 1 CCC and 4 data channels. The length and arrival time of each packets are randomized to simulate real-world scenarios. The result shows that the data channels have been fully utilized and thus optimized the utilization.
We designed a T-shirts try-on simulation system which is implemented on an FPGA board. An image processing algorithm is develeoped to achieve real-time and accurate performance. We also provided an intuitive user-interface which allows the users to try on different colors efficiently by using a simple touch panel, and change T-shirt designs with hand gestures. Furthermore, users can design their own T-shirt by taking a picture of their inpromptu drawing through our camera, and place it onto the T-shirt with any size and anywhere using three 3M-brand stickers. Our system was presented in the Innovate Asia Altera Design Contest in 2012, and was awarded first prize out of 412 competing teams from asia.
This is a final project, Tetris AI, from Artificial Intelligence course. Many have studied about how many rows can be eliminated at most in a Tetris game. However, in real world, Tetris game players will get extra bonus by eliminating rows simultaneously or consecutively (i.e., Combo). We developed an AI that utilized the B2B Tetris strategy, which means every elimination contains 4 rows, and deployed it to real world Facebook Tetris Battle game. The demo video shows how the proposed AI sent 104 lines in 2 minutes and defeated the human player with 3 K.O..
Last updated on Nov. 20, 2018. © Chi-Hsien Yen. All rights reserved.


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Casey Anthony trial ends early as judge says she's ill
By Ashley Hayes, CNN
Casey Anthony cries as photos are shown
NEW: Anthony receiving medical attention in jail
The judge did not give details of Anthony's illness
She cried earlier Thursday as photos of her daughter's remains were shown
She is accused of killing her daughter Caylee, 2, in 2008
Tune in to HLN's "Nancy Grace" at 8 ET for live reports from Orlando, Florida on the Casey Anthony trial. And follow the action on Nancy's special Casey Anthony trial page.
(CNN) -- The Casey Anthony murder trial ended an hour and a half early Thursday, with Orange County Chief Judge Belvin Perry Jr. telling members of the media in the courtroom that Anthony was ill.
Jurors were not told why the trial ended early Thursday, and Perry asked them not to speculate. He said court would be in recess until Friday.
After the jurors left, Perry spoke to members of the media in the courtroom, saying that Anthony was ill and that neither the prosecution nor the defense had any comment on the matter. The judge asked reporters not to question either side about it. The details of Anthony's illness were not given.
During a short break before the announcement, Anthony drank a bottle of water quietly as attorneys spoke together and went back to Perry's chambers, according to In Session's Michael Christian. She was escorted out of the courtroom during the break, then brought back in, but lay her head down on her arms at the defense table. She did not stand as the jurors left the courtroom.
Computer tech testifies in Anthony trial
Lee Anthony: 'Zanny held Casey down'
Dr. Gupta explains chloroform
State: Anthony searched 'neck breaking'
In a statement released Thursday evening, Orange County Jail spokesman, Allen Moore said Anthony had been returned to jail and was receiving medical attention from the facility's health services provider.
"No information can be released regarding her treatment or medical condition due to HIPPA and Florida Medical and Mental Health Confidentiality Laws," Moore said.
For security reasons, Moore also declined to state whether Anthony would return to court Friday.
"Orange County Corrections will never reveal the transport of any inmate in our custody due to the security risks posed by such knowledge being made public," Moore said.
Earlier Thursday, testimony centered on the recovery of the skeletal remains of her 2-year-old daughter, Caylee, from a wooded area in December 2008. Anthony cried as photographs of the remains were displayed in the Orlando courtroom and avoided looking at the screen where they were displayed.
Anthony, 25, faces seven counts in Caylee's death, including first-degree murder, aggravated child abuse and misleading investigators. If convicted, she could face the death penalty.
The toddler's family last saw her on June 16, 2008, but no one alerted police until July 15, when the girl's maternal grandmother tracked down Casey Anthony and demanded answers.
Prosecutors allege Casey Anthony used chloroform on her daughter and suffocated her by putting duct tape over the little girl's mouth and nose. They allege she put her daughter's body in her car trunk before disposing of it. Caylee's skeletal remains were found on December 11, 2008, less than a mile from the home of Casey Anthony's parents.
Casey Anthony has pleaded not guilty and denied having anything to do with her daughter's death. Defense attorney Jose Baez has said that when all the facts are known, it will become clear his client is innocent.
As the photographs were displayed Thursday, jurors heard testimony from Orange County Sheriff's Office crime scene technician Jennifer Welch, along with Steve Hanson, chief investigator for the medical examiner's office, and Gary Utz, Orange County chief deputy
Welch detailed items found with the little girl's remains, including a black plastic bag, an off-white canvas bag, a red plastic Disney bag, a pair of shorts, a blanket and "clothing remnants." Duct tape could be seen on the facial region of the skull, she testified.
Anthony's parents, George and Cindy Anthony, were not in the courtroom while the photos were shown Thursday.
Did Casey Google chloroform, death?
Are Casey Anthony's tears real?
Dog smelled remains in Anthony's car
'Chloroform' search on Anthony computer
Criminal Trials
Jurors also heard a recording of a 911 call in which a utility worker reported that meter reader Roy Kronk claimed to have found a skull at the site where the remains were found.
Questioned by Baez, Welch agreed that it was paramount that a crime scene or remains not be tampered with, saying it could affect an investigation.
Numerous photographs were introduced into evidence of the skull, along with the duct tape on it and other items found at the scene, such as the canvas laundry bag.
Utz testified the skull had its jawbone, or mandible, still attached, which was relatively rare given the stage of decomposition. The duct tape, he testified, was helping keep the jawbone attached, along with hair on the skull.
Thursday morning, jurors heard testimony from Casey Anthony's brother, who testified that his sister -- out of jail on bail the month after Caylee was reported missing -- told him an alternate version of how the little girl was kidnapped by her nanny.
He said his sister told him in August 2008 that she had met the nanny, Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzalez, at an Orlando park along with Gonzalez's sister. Casey Anthony told him that Gonzalez held her down and told her that she was taking Caylee from her because she wasn't a good mother, "to teach her a lesson," Lee Anthony said.
Gonzalez also warned her not to go to the police, according to Casey Anthony's account.
Lee Anthony recalled his sister saying, "she couldn't believe it was happening, and it felt kind of surreal to her," he testified. She said she did nothing to stop her child from being taken, he recounted, because "she was scared and she didn't know what to do."
His sister told him that, from time to time, Gonzalez would contact her through Casey Anthony's MySpace page and direct her as to what to do and where to go. She went to the locations, she said, in hopes of seeing or retrieving her daughter but was never successful in finding her.
Casey Anthony's account, as related by Lee Anthony, differed markedly from the one she gave authorities after Caylee was reported missing. She maintained to police she dropped the child off at the nanny's apartment that morning and never saw her again.
Authorities were never able to find the nanny. They did find a woman named Zenaida Gonzalez, who denied ever meeting Casey Anthony or Caylee and later sued for defamation.
"Zanny never materialized?" Baez asked Lee Anthony Thursday. "To this day, no," he replied.
Lee Anthony also testified Thursday that he was the one searching the Internet on the Anthony family computer July 15 and 16, 2008. A computer examiner testified Wednesday that no searches for Zenaida Fernandez-Gonzalez were found on the computer until July 16 -- dealing a potential blow to Casey Anthony's claims to authorities that she was frantically searching for her daughter in the month before her disappearance was reported.
Computer experts testified Wednesday that in March, someone using the desktop computer, located in the home Casey Anthony shared with her parents, searched for terms including "chloroform," "inhalation," "how to make chloroform" and "head injury."
The searches were found in a portion of the computer's hard drive that indicated they had been deleted, Detective Sandra Osborne of the Orange County Sheriff's Office testified Wednesday.
However, she told jurors, deleted material remains on a computer's hard drive and can be retrieved until it is overwritten by new data. It had not been overwritten on the Anthonys' computer, she said, and "a complete Internet history" was obtained.
It appears the computer user first searched for "chloraform" on Google and received results for "chloroform," said John Bradley, owner of the software development company that created the software used to retrieve the data. One of the search results was from Wikipedia.org, which was accessed, he testified.
On the other terms, he said the user either typed those terms in to search, or in some instances may have clicked on hyperlinks on the Wikipedia site.
Bradley agreed with Baez's assertion that the links do not tell jurors what was on the websites accessed, and that some sites could have been jokes or information on self-defense. He also agreed he could not say how closely the user was examining the websites or whether a user was looking at multiple browsers.
There were two user-created profiles on the computer, but Osborne told Baez she could not tell who performed the searches.
Despite her assertions, prosecutors allege Casey Anthony was not looking for her missing daughter during the month before police were notified of her disappearance. Anthony's former boyfriend, friends and acquaintances who saw her during that time recalled her shopping, eating out, going to parties and hitting nightclubs, but all of them testified she never mentioned her missing daughter and none of them noticed any change in her demeanor.
Her mother testified that Anthony had moved out of her parents' home about the time Caylee went missing, offering little in the way of explanation, and that when she inquired after Caylee, she was told Caylee was with her nanny, Gonzalez.
Earlier in the week, jurors heard testimony regarding a foul odor emanating from Casey Anthony's trunk. A scientist testified that compounds associated with human decomposition were found there, and a cadaver dog handler testified that his dog "alerted" to the trunk.
In Session's Michael Christian contributed to this report.
Watch Nancy Grace Monday through Sunday starting at 8 p.m. ET on HLN. For the latest from Nancy Grace click here.


On this weeks episode Bob is joined by NHL veteran and current Carolina Hurricanes hockey player Tim Brent. Tim takes time off the ice to fish a couple of days with Bob at La Reserve Beauchene. Located in the province of Quebec this catch and release fishery has 7 species of fish and 40 lakes to suit your angling pleasure. With first class accommodations, food and fishing, it's an anglers paradise. Bob and Tim get their game on talking hockey and fishing targeting early season smallmouth in the shallows. And scratch the surface trying early evening trolling for brook trout at beautiful La Reserve Beauchene.


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text:
Q: How to style specific cells in CellTable depending the value of that cell (GWT)? Ok, i have a CellTable that has 3 columns and 2 rows. I want the text in SOME specific cells (not all cell) in the table to be BOLD.
Please look at this code:
ListDataProvider<List<String>> dataProvider = new ListDataProvider<List<String>>();
dataProvider.addDataDisplay(table);
List<List<String>> list = dataProvider.getList();
List<String> sublist1= Arrays.asList("223","546","698");
List<String> sublist2= Arrays.asList("123","876","898");
List<String> sublist2= Arrays.asList("123","896","438");
IndexedColumn column1=new IndexedColumn(0);
table.addColumn(column1, "Col1");
IndexedColumn column2=new IndexedColumn(1);
table.addColumn(column2, "Col2");
IndexedColumn column3=new IndexedColumn(2);
table.addColumn(column3, "Col3");

Now, I want the Cell that is the intersect of row2 & col3 (ie "898") to be BOLD, so if i do like this
column3.setCellStyleNames(getView().getRes().css().myBoldColor());

Then it will make the whole column BOLD.
So, i think properly we need to loop over each cell in column3 & set the style accordingly, so that we can have the result like this:

Col1 - Col2 - Col3
223 - 546 - 698
123 - 876 - 898
123 - 896 - 438

A: Override getCellStyleNames() for a column:
Column<Document, Date> dueColumn = new Column<Document, Date>(new DateCell(DateTimeFormat.getFormat(PredefinedFormat.MONTH_ABBR_DAY))) {

    @Override
    public Date getValue(Document document) {
        return document.getDueDate();
    }

    @Override
    public String getCellStyleNames(Context context, Document document) {

    if (document.getDueDate().getTime() < new Date().getTime()) {
        return "boldStyle";
    }
};

A: You can try it be extending AbstractCell also.
Read here about Implementing the render() Method.
Sample code:
static class BoldCell extends AbstractCell<String> {

    /**
     * The HTML templates used to render the cell.
     */
    interface Templates extends SafeHtmlTemplates {
        @SafeHtmlTemplates.Template("
{1}
")
        SafeHtml cell(SafeStyles styles, SafeHtml value);
    }

    /**
     * Create a singleton instance of the templates used to render the cell.
     */
    private static Templates templates = GWT.create(Templates.class);

    @Override
    public void render(Context context, String value, SafeHtmlBuilder sb) {
        /*
         * Always do a null check on the value. Cell widgets can pass null to cells if the
         * underlying data contains a null, or if the data arrives out of order.
         */
        if (value == null) {
            return;
        }

        // If the value comes from the user, we escape it to avoid XSS attacks.
        SafeHtml safeValue = SafeHtmlUtils.fromString(value);

        // Use the template to create the Cell's html.
        FontWeight weight = FontWeight.NORMAL;
        if (safeValue.asString().equals("898")) {
            weight = FontWeight.BOLD;
        }
        SafeStyles styles = SafeStylesUtils.forFontWeight(weight);
        SafeHtml rendered = templates.cell(styles, safeValue);
        sb.append(rendered);
    }
}

In above code you can try it with row no also (Bold value for 0th column of 3rd row)
        ...
        FontWeight weight = FontWeight.NORMAL;
        if (context.getIndex()==2) {
            weight = FontWeight.BOLD;
        }
        ...

    Cell<String> cell = new BoldCell();

    Column<Contact, String> nameColumn = new Column<Contact, String>(cell) {
        @Override
        public String getValue(Contact object) {
            return object.name;
        }
    };
    table.addColumn(nameColumn, "Name");


text:
Q: Free path distribution I'm studying statistical mechanics, and I'm trying to resolve some problem known from my thermodynamics course. So I want to calculate mean free path for particles with a concentration $n$ and scattering cross section $\sigma$ using only statistical approach. I understand that for the first step I need to find the probability distribution of the free path of the molecules of gas between successive collisions and then calculate the average value. But here I have some troubles, because I have never solved something like this.
I would be grateful if someone would give me some links or give some ideas.


text:
Category: Issue 179
Beg, Ch, Dc, Yo, Tr, Sc
By Anita Tanner Like Morse Code, the language as rhythmic as water, the hook angles, drawn on the thin yarn line to gather and build, a pooling of pastel color, an acrylic lap, stria of stitches where a part becomes the whole. No matter the signs— filet, shell, cable— fingers fast in form follow …
How Does Our Polygamous History Affect Our Marriages?
By Natasha Helfer Parker Natasha Helfer Parker is a licensed clinical marriage & family therapist and certified sex therapist with almost 20 years experience working primarily with Latter-day Saints. She can be contacted at natashaparker.org. Question: Mormons believe that if we are sealed together as husband and wife—and if we honor our covenants—we will …
Thinking Outside Your Quad
By Russ Osmond Russ Osmond has a Ph.D. from Syracuse University and is the founder of Change Strategies International in Atlanta. He is a retired USAF chaplain and an internationally published authority on conflict resolution communication. In my first column (Spring 2015) I showed how our approaches to individual faith are powerfully impacted …
Being Thoughtfully and Lovingly Honest
By D. Jeff Burton Jeff Burton is the author of For Those Who Wonder and a former member of the Sunstone board of directors. In previous columns, published in 2005 and 2010, we explored the important issue of honesty.1 At the 2015 SLC Sunstone Symposium, Dan Wotherspoon2 and I shared the podium to further …
By Dana Haight Cattani DANA HAIGHT CATTANI was diagnosed with uterine cancer in April 2012. She lives with her family in Indiana. How impressionable and vulnerable we are in the face of a story.1 —Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie When the sacrament meeting speaker began telling a story about a young mother who had …
Shadows of the Heart
By Larsen Bowker I'd always assumed we all get some small bit of wisdom before we die, believing it came from some centrifugal force of the mind, but at nearly eighty and no sign of any, I was scaling back on this gentle hubris, until I heard some in a friend's voice …
Death of an Old Dog
By Patricia Karamesines PATRICIA KARAMESINES is the author of The Pictograph Murders (Signature Books 2004). Her poetry appears in both Harvest (Signature Books 1989) and Fire in the Pasture (Peculiar Pages 2011) and has also been published in Dialogue and Irreantum. She is an adjunct instructor at Utah State University–Eastern Blanding. On Thanksgiving …
By Karen Rosenbaum Karen Rosenbaum lives in Kensington, California. This story, which was awarded Sunstone's 2012 Starstone Prize, appears in her collection, Mothers, Daughters, Sisters, Wives (Zarahemla, 2016). Else Pedersen Mikelsen 12 January 1850–28 May 1920 The doctor told Anna there was nothing wrong with her mother, but all that meant was …
Jesus is the Population of the World
By Robert A. Rees Robert A. Rees teaches Mormon Studies at Graduate Theological Union and the University of California Berkeley. He has just completed a play on Emerson and his circle and is compiling a collection of his essays on the Book of Mormon. He can be reached at bobrees2@gmail.com. Joseph Smith reports that …
The Chairlift Missionary
By Hans G. Ehrbar Hans G. Ehrbar received his PhD in economics from the University of Michigan in 1985. He has taught economics courses on energy policy and global warming at the University of Utah. Our study predicts that Park City's climate will change substantially as a result of increased atmospheric GHG [greenhouse …


Ava for The Liaison Collaborative | She's got the look!
As promised in the previous post all the make ups in this pic of the pretty Ava from Belleza. The skintone I wore is Med.
Skin: Belleza, Ava in Med. For The Liaison Collaborative. Only 600L.
Earrings: MG, Sedona Valley Gypsy.
Dress: !Rebel Hope Designs, Traci in Hawt Purple. For The Liaison Collaborative.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged beauty marks, eyelashes, variety pack. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
One dead, one injured after car crash in Suffolk, driver faces charges
A release from the Suffolk Police Department said that they were contacted about a car that had overturned.
Author: 13News Now Staff
Published: 8:44 AM EDT April 30, 2022
Updated: 1:35 PM EDT May 2, 2022
SUFFOLK, Va. — Author's note: The video above is on file from a separate story that aired on April 29, 2022.
Police in Suffolk and fire and rescue personnel were on the scene of a fatal car crash on Saturday morning.
A release from the Suffolk Police Department said that they were contacted at 5:45 a.m. about a car that had overturned. It happened on the 5000 block of Pruden Boulevard.
When they arrived, they found two people in the car. The passenger died at the scene, and the driver was treated for injuries at the scene.
The passenger has been identified as Jennifer Copeland, 43, of Suffolk.
An update on Monday stated that the driver of the car, Patrick Dane Bosley, 23, of Sedley, was arrested in connection to the crash.
He faces charges for DWI, which is Driving under the Influence of Drugs, and Failure to Maintain Proper Control/Improper Brakes.
Traffic for several lanes was redirected for several hours as police investigated the cause of the crash.
Virginia man charged in Amish buggy crash that killed couple, hurt 8 kids
VSP: Woman killed in a vehicle crash on Eastern Shore
Man gets 10 years for hit-and-run crash that killed motorcyclist in Virginia Beach


"The European Conference on Social Media (ECSM 2014) seeks to establish a home for researchers and practitioners with a wide range of approaches to engaging with the impact, use and potential of social media across disciplines. If the defining characteristic of social media is that users create, share and respond to each others information, then the European Conference on Social Media will offer a showcase for state of the art examples.
To achieve this goal, we are inviting researchers to present their findings and new ideas, and practitioners to demonstrate examples from which we can learn. The first European Conference on Social Media – ECSM 2014 will take place in Brighton, UK, a city with a highly developed commercial, artistic and academic engagement with the use and evaluation of social media. This puts Brighton in an excellent position to share experience from European research and practise with Asia, America, Africa and the world."
"Responsive Open Learning Environments (ROLE) is a European collaborative project with 16 internationally renowned research groups from 6 EU countries and China. ROLE technology is centred around the concept of Self–regulated learning that creates responsible and thinking learners that are able to plan their learning process, search for the resources independently, learn and then reflect on their learning process and progress. Given this task, ROLE's main objective is to support teachers in developing the open personal learning environments for their students where they can train each of the phases mentioned."
"Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL) research aims to improve the quality of formal and informal learning, and to make accessible forms of knowledge that were simply inaccessible before. But research does not translate easily into practice, at school, in higher education or in the workplace. The forms of pedagogy that characterise learning in these settings have remained more or less invariant even when radical technologies have been introduced."
"The Re.ViCa project [Reviewing (traces of) European Virtual Campuses] ran from October 2007 until October 2009. Re.ViCa has been making an inventory and carrying out a systematic review of cross–institutional Virtual Campus initiatives of the past decade within higher education at European, national and regional levels. The main objective of the Re.ViCa project was to identify relevant parameters and success factors for evaluating and comparing Virtual Campuses, based on thorough research and expert input. The Re.ViCa Consortium organises in–depth discussions with experts in order to incorporate the input of different interest groups."
"The Higher Education Academy published the book Transforming Higher Education Through Technology Enhanced Learning in December 2009. Although the book has its genesis in the e–learning Benchmarking & Pathfinder Programme led by the Higher Education Academy from 2005–2008 readers will find that the book contains a thought–provoking edited collection which offers far more than a straightforward account of outcomes of one national programme; you will find that it is both broad in scope and reflective in tone."


The issue began Wednesday morning at 7.15am Sydney time and is understood to have impacted a number of enterprise customers.
The impact was particularly felt in Australia as the workday began.
Microsoft said in an update to customers "that have their authorisation cached are unaffected by this issue, and new authentications are succeeded approximately 50 percent of the time", though it acknowledged some customers would still face issues.


text:
LOS ANGELES FARMING & MILLING CO v. CITY OF LOS ANGELES
LOS ANGELES FARMING & MILLING CO v. CITY OF LOS ANGELES , 217 U.S. 217 (1910)
LOS ANGELES FARMING & MILLING CO. v. CITY OF LOS ANGELES(1910)
Argued: Decided: April 4, 1910
[217 U.S. 217, 218] Mr. R. M. Widney for plaintiff in error.
Messrs. William B. Mathews, John F. Dillon, John C. Thomson, and Leslie R. Hewitt for defendant in error.
The city of Los Angeles brought suit in the superior court of the county of Los Angeles against the Los Angeles Farming & Milling Company, hereinafter called the Milling Company, to quiet the title of the city to the use of the waters of the Los Angeles river. The city of Los Angeles is situated on the Los Angeles river, a non-navigable stream, rising in the San Fernando valley and mountains adjacent, and flow- [217 U.S. 217, 219] ing from the north down to and through said city. The Milling Company is the owner of a large tract of land, about 10,000 acres, situated some 10 miles up stream, above said city, on the same river. In its complaint, the city of Los Angeles sets forth that it is the owner of the paramount right to take and use all of the water of said river, from its sources to the southern boundary of the city, so far as it is necessary to furnish a supply for the use of the city and its inhabitants; that the plaintiff in error owns its lands subject to such paramount right of the city to the use of the water, and claims adversely to the city and its estate and interest in said water right.
The defendant answered, and, among other things, set up a denial of the alleged paramount rights of the city in the waters of the Los Angeles river, and alleges that it and its predecessors had been in the exclusive possession of said lands for more than fifty years, under claim of title, using the waters of the river riparian or appurtenant to its estate; that the value of the premises was over $500,000; that its lands were some 10 miles above the city, on the river; that the title to the lands and waters in controversy was first owned by the Crown of Spain, thence passing to the Republic of Mexico, which Republic, on June 17, 1846, granted to the predecessors of the Milling Company certain lands, which included the lands in controversy; that, by the treaty between the Republic of Mexico and the United States, the sovereign rights and titles of said Republic of Mexico in said property passed to and vested in the United States; that California upon its admission to the Union, was prohibited from passing any laws disposing of the public lands of the United States, or from doing any acts whereby the title of the United States in the public lands within its limits should be impaired or questioned; that the laws of the United States were extended over California, September 29, 1850; that the Congress of the United States passed an act, approved March 3, 1851 [9 Stat. at L. 631, chap. 41], providing for the ascertainment and settlement of the land [217 U.S. 217, 220] claims derived from Spain or Mexico in the state of California, and created a board of land commissioners for that purpose; that all lands, the claim to which was rejected, or had not been presented, to said board, should be held and considered as part of the public domain of the United States; that claims of towns or cities should be presented under said act; that a grant to cities or towns existing July 7, 1846, should be presumed; that the decrees and patents issued by the tribunals under said act should be conclusive between the United States and the claimant; that the claims of the predecessors in interest of the Milling Company to its lands were duly presented to the board of land commissioners, and confirmed on January 8, 1873, and the patent of the United States was issued to them; and it is alleged that said patentee thereby became vested with the rights in fee simple to said lands and all the waters therein or riparian thereto. It is alleged that this patent is res judicata of the rights of the Milling Company; that under the act of March 3, 1851, the mayor and council of the city of Los Angeles presented to the said board of land commissioners a claim for 16 square leagues of land, known as the pueblo of Los Angeles, and for the water rights of the said Los Angeles river, for the use of the pueblo; that said claim was adjudged and affirmed to be valid to the extent of 4 square leagues, and held invalid as to the remainder thereof, and that a patent was issued by the United States to the city of Los Angeles on August 9, 1866, for 4 square leagues of land. The Milling Company sets up that this confirmation and patent in favor of the city is res judicata for 4 square leagues, and claims that the city is barred from setting up or claiming any title, ownership, or interest in or to the premises in controversy herein; that the sources and tributaries of the Los Angeles river are located on the public lands of the United States; that the legislature of California has passed certain acts, attempting to confer and grant to the city of Los Angeles paramount right to take and use all the waters of the Los Angeles river, which acts, it is con- [217 U.S. 217, 221] tended, are null and void under the act of Congress admitting the state of California into the Union [9 Stat. at L. 452, chap. 50], and, under article 14 of the Constitution, preventing private property being taken for public use without just compensation therefor. The answer also sets up the statute of limitations.
The case was submitted to the court of original jurisdiction upon a stipulation of facts, which shows that the pueblo of Los Angeles was established in 1781 under the government of Spain, containing 4 square leagues of land, embracing the lands afterwards patented to the city under the act of Congress of March 3, 1851; that the settlers and inhabitants of the pueblo used the water from the river by means of ditches for domestic and irrigation purposes until the time of the acquisition of the state of California by the United States, the amount of irrigable land being then about 1,500 acres, and it is stipulated:
'Under the laws of the Kingdom of Spain, said pueblo, upon its foundation, by virtue of a grant under such laws, had the paramount right, claimed by the plaintiff in the complaint herein, to use all the water of the river, and such paramount right continued to exist under that government and under the Mexican government, until the acquisition of California by the United States.'
It appears in the stipulation of facts that the pueblo of Los Angeles, in presenting its petition to the board of land commissioners, wherein it claimed the 16 square leagues, presented as a part thereof a copy of an ordinance of the King of Spain, wherein he provides for the establishment of the town of Pitic, in Sonora, and orders that the provisions relative thereto should be followed in the foundation of any new pueblos in the jurisdiction of the commanding general of the internal provinces of the West, of which California constituted a part, and attached to that petition was a copy of the plan of the town of Pitic, which contained, among things, this provision:
'7th. The neighbors and natives shall likewise enjoy the [217 U.S. 217, 222] use of the woods, water, and other benefits from the royal and vacant lands lying outside of the tract assigned to the new town, jointly with the residents and natives of the immediate and adjoining towns; which favor and right shall continue until by his Majesty the same shall be granted or alienated; in which case, regulations will be made according to the provisions for concessions in favor of new possessors or proprietors.'
But there is nothing in the statement of facts affecting the force of the stipulation that the pueblo of Los Angeles had the paramount water right, as above stated, and as claimed in the complaint, until the acquisition of the state of California by the United States. It is further stipulated that no grant nor claim of the real property described in the complaint was presented for confirmation under the act of March 3, 1851, except in so far as the same may have been embraced in the claim of the mayor and common council of the city of Los Angeles, presented and confirmed in the manner described, which resulted in the confirmation and patent for 4 square leagues of land, and the rejection of the claim for the remaining portion of the premises described and claimed by the petitioners; that pursuant to that decree, the United States issued a patent for the 4 square leagues of land; that the city of Los Angeles was incorporated on April 4, 1850, by act of the legislature of California, with boundaries including the 4 square leagues, and the act provided that the city should succeed to all the rights, claims, and powers of the pueblo of Los Angeles in regard to property, and shall be subject to all the liabilities incurred and obligations created by the ayuntamiento of said pueblo. The decision of the commissioners was affirmed by the district court of the United States, and a patent was issued on August 9, 1866, in accordance therewith, for 4 square leagues. Afterwards, on August 4, 1875, another patent was issued by the United States for the 4 square leagues of land, in which latter patent no mention was made of the fact that the land [217 U.S. 217, 223] for which confirmation was asked contained 16 square leagues, or that the claim of the city was founded on the Mexican grant to the petitioners made on August 25, 1844, as was stated in the earlier patent. The patent of August 4, 1875, contained a certificate of the United States surveyor general for California, that notice of the plat and survey had been advertised in two newspapers, and that the plat was a correct copy of the original, and had been approved August 4, 1875, by the Commissioner of the General Land Office.
As to the land claimed and owned by the Milling Company, it is stipulated that it was contained in the Rancho Ex-Mission de San Fernando, which embraced the lands of the Milling Company, and was an imperfect or inchoate grant made by the Mexican government on June 14, 1846, and the claim thereto of the predecessors in interest to the Milling Company was presented to and confirmed by the board of land commissioners, under the act of March 3, 1851, and the patent of the United States was issued therefor on January 8, 1873; that said patent includes 121,619 acres of land, through a part of which the Los Angeles river and its tributaries flow; that said rancho is riparian to said river, and that the patent states that the United States of America granted the land therein embraced, with the appurtenances, without making any reservation or exception of any rights to said river, its tributaries or waters therein; that the value of the premises in controversy is over $400,000; that neither the city nor any of its predecessors have contested the grant, survey, or proceedings in connection with the confirmation of the claim of the predecessors in interest to the Milling Company to said rancho; that said rancho is situated on said river, some 10 miles above the city of Los Angeles, and above any of the points of diversion of water by said city; that after the acquisition of California by the United States, the pueblo of Los Angeles continued to exist and be managed by the pueblo authorities, and the water of said river continued to be used for domestic and irrigation purposes by its inhabitants until [217 U.S. 217, 224] the incorporation of the city under the legislative act of April 4, 1850, and thereafter the use of water from said river for municipal, domestic, and irrigation purposes continued until about 1901, since which time all of said water has been needed and used for domestic purposes in said city, as enlarged from the patented area of 17,172 acres to 27,695 acres in 1898; that the surface stream of the river continues for a distance of several miles above the city, to points where it rises from beneath the surface of the ground, and, in seasons of heavy rainfall, it extends up to the mouths of the various canyons, from which surface streams, coming from public lands of the United States, and which are the sources and tributaries of the Los Angeles river, emerge and flow, until the approach of summer, when they sink into the sand at or near the mouths of such canyons; that all of the territory in which the surface stream of the Los Angeles river constantly flows, and all of the valleys through which the torrential surface stream of the river flows, in winter and spring, up to the mouths of said canyons, are embraced within Spanish and Mexican grants, confirmed and patented to parties other than the city, under the act of March 3, 1851; that the city has sold to private parties all the lands embraced in its patent from the United States, including the lands riparian to the river, excepting certain lots, on which are erected public city buildings, also certain parks and the river bed, 200 feet, more or less, in width, inside the patent boundary; that the allegations of the complaint, describing the Los Angeles river, and showing that the underground stream thereof extends throughout the whole of the lands of the Milling Company, described in the complaint, are true.
Upon submission to the trial court, a judgment was rendered in favor of the city, ordering and adjudging that the city was the owner in fee simple of the paramount right to take and use the water of the Los Angeles river from its source to the southern boundary of the city of Los Angeles, so far as may be reasonably necessary, from time to time, to [217 U.S. 217, 225] give an ample supply of water for the use of its inhabitants, and for all the municipal purposes and uses of the city, and the city was quieted in its title and right to the use of the water, as aforesaid.
Upon appeal to the supreme court of California, the judgment of the lower court was affirmed (152 Cal. 645, 93 Pac. 869, 1135), and the case is brought here by writ of error to that court.
A case can only be brought to this court from a supreme court of a state by writ of error under 709 of the Revised Statutes of the United States (U. S. Comp. Stat. 1901, p. 575), in order to determine Federal rights asserted under that section of the statutes which it is claimed have been denied by the decision and judgment of the supreme court of the state. It is therefore necessary to know just what is comprehended in the decision and judgment of that court. The supreme court of California, after reciting the proceedings and facts found in the court below, dealt with the contention of the plaintiff in error as to the proceedings under the act of March 3, 1851, which confirmed the title to the lands described, and held that, in confirming the title to the lands and awarding patents therefor, the riparian rights of the proprietors and patentees were left to be determined by the law of the country or state where the land is situated, and denied the contention of the Milling Company, that the city had only title to the 4 square leagues of land awarded to it by the proceedings and patents under the act of March 3, 1851, with no ownership in the use of the water above the limits of the land granted, and denied the further contention that, by the proceedings and patent to the Milling Company's predecessors, they were adjudged the riparian owners, with the use of the waters of the river running through the land as part and parcel of their estate. The court having reached this conclusion as to the effect of the act of March 3, 1851, held that the only question in the case was as to whether, under the Spanish and Mexican law, the old pueblo of Los Angeles and the city, as its successor, had, [217 U.S. 217, 226] as against the Milling Company, the prior and paramount ownership of so much of the water of the Los Angeles river as is necessary for its inhabitants, and for general municipal purposes, and held that this question was answered in the affirmative in the prior decisions of the California supreme court. Lux v. Haggin, 69 Cal. 265, 10 Pac. 674; Vernon Irrig. Co. v. Los Angeles, 106 Cal. 237, 39 Pac. 762; Los Angeles v. Pomeroy, 124 Cal. 597, 57 Pac. 585 (same case in this court, 188 U.S. 314 , 47 L. ed. 487, 63 L.R.A. 471, 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 395).
These decisions the court held to be determinative of the prior and paramount right of the pueblo and its successor, under rights existing under the Spanish and Mexican laws, confirmed by the United States to the successors of the pueblo. The court declined to consider for what municipal purpose the water could be used as against a riparian owner, and held that the extent of the city's prior and paramount right was not involved in the case.
It is thus apparent that the supreme court of California put the decision of the case upon the effect of the old Spanish or Mexican law as to the rights of the pueblo, succeeded to by the city, and confirmed by proceedings under the acts of Congress for the purpose of confirming such titles.
We come, then, to consider what Federal questions are really presented in this record, and whether, in reaching the decision which we have stated, the supreme court of California directly, or necessarily, by reason of its decision, denied such rights asserted under 709 of the Revised Statutes. We may at once put aside, as not presenting Federal questions of serious import, the assignments of error to the effect that the decision of the supreme court of California denied to the plaintiff in error due process of law or the equal protection of the laws, secured by the 14th Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. We may treat in like manner the assignments involving the construction by the supreme court of the state statutes, and rulings as to the admissibility of evidence. Nor do we find any denial of Federal right worthy [217 U.S. 217, 227] of consideration in the assertion that the statutes of California have undertaken to confer the water rights in controversy on the city of Los Angeles, and were given such effect, in violation of the Federal rights of the plaintiff in error. As we have seen, the rights of the city were not determined by the effect of those statutes, but upon the right and title secured by the Spanish or Mexican law, and the subsequent confirmation thereof under the statute of the United States.
As to the assignment of error that the effect of the judgment is to interfere with the disposition of the public lands by the United States.
The act of 1851 (9 Stat. at L. 631, chap. 41), 14, made provision for the presentation to the commission of the former right of pueblos, and the issue of patents to them upon confirmation. And further, the same section provided that the existence of a city, town, or village on July 7, 1846, being duly proved, should be prima facie evidence of a grant to such corporation.
This court, speaking by Mr. Justice Miller, tersely disposes of the nature of such old Mexican titles in Adam v. Norris, 103 U.S. 591, 593 , 26 S. L. ed. 583, 584:
'But the United States, in dealing with parties claiming under Mexican grants, lands within the territory ceded by the treaty of Mexico, never made pretense that it was the owner of them. When, therefore, guided by the action of the tribunals established to pass upon the validity of these alleged grants, the government issued a patent, it was in the nature of a quitclaim,-an admission that the rightful ownership had never been in the United States, but had passed at the time of the cession to the claimant, or to those under whom he claimed. This principle has been more than once clearly announced in this court. The leading cases are Beard v. Federy, 3 Wall. 478, 18 L. ed. 88; Henshaw v. Bissell, 18 Wall. 255, 21 L. ed. 835; Miller v. Dale, 92 U.S. 473 , 23 L. ed. 735.'
It is perhaps more accurate to say that the action of the United States in such cases is a confirmation rather than a [217 U.S. 217, 228] quitclaim. Boquillas Land & Cattle Co. v. Curtis, 213 U.S. 339, 344 , 53 S. L. ed. 822, 825, 29 Sup. Ct. Rep. 493.
The assignments covering other Federal questions which should be noticed embrace the contention that the rights of the Milling Company were secured under the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo between the United States and Mexico [9 Stat. at L. 922], and under the act of Congress of March 3, 1851, for the confirmation of titles derived from the Spanish or Mexican governments. The contentions as to the supposed rights derived under that treaty and act have been before this court in a number of cases, in which it has been uniformly held that rights alleged to have arisen thereunder, in the manner claimed by the present plaintiff in error, are not rights of Federal origin which, when denied, lay the basis for the review and reversal of the judgment of the state court.
In Townsend v. Greeley, 5 Wall. 326, 18 L. ed. 547, Mr. Justice Field, delivering the opinion of the court, held that the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo does not purport to devest the pueblo existing at the site of the city of San Francisco, of any rights of property, or to alter the character of interests it may have held in any lands under the former goverment; that the treaty provided for the protection of the inhabitants in their property, and that the same rights exist as to towns under the Mexican government; and dealing with both the treaty and the act of Congress of March 3, 1851, Mr. Justice Field, speaking for the court [in Beard v. Federy, 3 Wall. 491, 18 L. ed. 92], said:
'In the first place, the patent is a deed of the United States. As a deed its operation is that of a quitclaim, or rather, a conveyance of such interest as the United States possessed in the land, and it takes effect by relation at the time when proceedings were instituted by the filing of the petition before the board of land commissioners.
'In the second place, the patent is a record of the action of the government upon the title of the claimant as it existed upon the acquisition of the country. Such acquisition did [217 U.S. 217, 229] not affect the rights of the inhabitants to their property. They retained all such rights, and were entitled by the law of nations to protection in them to the same extent as under the former government. The treaty of cession also stipulated for such protection. The obligation to which the United States thus succeeded was, of course, political in its character, and to be discharged in such manner, and on such terms, as they might judge expedient. By the act of March 3d, 1851, they have declared the manner and the terms on which they will discharge this obligation. They have there established a special tribunal, before which all claims to land are to be investigated; required evidence to be presented respecting the claims; appointed law officers to appear and contest them on behalf of the government; authorized appeals from the decisions of the tribunal, first to the district and then to the supreme court; and designated officers to survey and measure off the land when the validity of the claims is finally determined. When informed, by the action of its tribunals and officers, that a claim asserted is valid and entitled to recognition, the government acts, and issues its patent to the claimant. This instrument is, therefore, record evidence of the action of the government upon the title of the claimant. By it the government declares that the claim asserted was valid under the laws of Mexico; that it was entitled to recognition and protection by the stipulations of the treaty, and might have been located under the former government, and is correctly located now, so as to embrace the premises as they are surveyed and described.'
In the later case of Hooker v. Los Angeles, 188 U.S. 314 , 47 L. ed. 487, 63 L.R.A. 471, 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 395, practically the same contentions were made as in the case at bar concerning the effect of the act of 1851 and the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. In that case the lands of the plaintiffs in error were situated above the city of Los Angeles, and it was sought to appropriate them to the use of the city for the purpose of maintaining thereon the headworks of a system of water supply. In that case, as here, the city contended [217 U.S. 217, 230] that the rights of the plaintiffs in error were subject to the paramount rights of the city of Los Angeles to take water for the use of its inhabitants, for all the public and municipal purposes of the city. Plaintiffs in error denied this contention, and set up their own rights as riparian owners of the lands, the confirmation of their rights by the board of land commissioners under the act of Congress of 1851, confirmed by the district court for the southern district of California, and patents duly issued in accordance therewith. The contention of the plaintiffs in error was that the state decided against their rights as riparian owners, and as to the ownership of the percolating waters, derived from patents of the United States as well as from Mexican grants, and under the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Delivering the opinion of the court, Mr. Chief Justice Fuller said:
'Obviously, the question as to the title or right of plaintiffs in error in the land, and whatever appertained thereto, was one of state law and of general public law, on which the decision of the state court was final. San Francisco v. Scott, 111 U.S. 768 , 28 L. ed. 593, 4 Sup. Ct. Rep. 688; California Powder Works v. Davis, 151 U.S. 389 , 38 L. ed. 206, 14 Sup. Ct. Rep. 350. And the question of the existence of percolating water was merely a question of fact.
'The patents were in the nature of a quitclaim, and, under the act of March 3, 1851, were 'conclusive between the United States and the said claimants only, and shall not affect the interests of third persons.' The validity of that act was not drawn in question in the state court, and as the right or title asserted by plaintiffs in error was derived under Mexican and Spanish grants, the decision of the state court on the claims asserted by plaintiffs in error to the waters of the river was not against any title or right claimed under the Constitution, or any treaty or statute of, or commission held, or authority exercised, under the Constitution. If the title of plaintiffs in error were protected by the treaty, still the suit did not arise thereunder, because the controversy in the state court did not involve the construction of the treaty, but the validity of the [217 U.S. 217, 231] title of Mexican and Spanish grants prior to the treaty. New Orleans v. De Armas, 9 Pet. 224, 9 L. ed. 109; Iowa v. Rood, 187 U.S. 87 , 47 L. ed. 86, 23 Sup. Ct. Rep. 49; Phillips v. Mound City Land & Water Asso. 124 U.S. 605 , 31 L. ed. 588, 8 Sup. Ct. Rep. 657.'
In California Powder Works v. Davis, supra, referred to by the chief justice in the Hooker Case, it was held, referring to the previous case of Phillips v. Mound City Land & Water Asso. supra, that the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo protected all existing property rights, but neither created nor defined the rights, and that a confirmation of such rights by a decree of the court did not determine rights which depended upon the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States.
Similar questions came before this court in Devine v. Los Angeles, 202 U.S. 313 , 50 L. ed. 1046, 26 Sup. Ct. Rep. 652. In that case, 244 complainants, owners of lands situated in the county of Los Angeles and in the Ranchos San Rafael, Los Felis, and Providencia, and whose title was alleged to have been confirmed pursuant to the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, by the board of land commissioners created under the act of Congress of 1851, and to whom patents had been issued by the United States, brought suit against the city of Los Angeles to quiet their title as against the claims of the city of Los Angeles to the paramount use of the water of Los Angeles river. The bill is abstracted at length in the report of that case, and it was alleged there, as here, that the rights asserted by the city, and acts of the legislature and charters of the city, were in violation of the 14th Amendment of the Constitution, and that the city of Los Angeles should have presented its claims to the waters of the river to the board of land commissioners, under the act of Congress of March 3, 1851, and that a decree should be granted declaring the acts of the legislature of California and the charters of the city of Los Angeles invalid in respect to conferring upon the city any rights in the waters of the Los Angeles river other than those which were ascertained and confirmed under the act of March 3, 1851
An answer was filed by the city, fully seting up its rights and contentions, as the successor of the pueblo, to the owner- [217 U.S. 217, 232] ship of the waters in the river and its tributaries, and admitting that it rested its claim to the Los Angeles river and the waters thereof, including the waters in the lands of the complainants, upon the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which protected the rights or pueblos as well as the rights of individuals, and in part upon the act of Congress of March 3, 1851, confirming the claims of pueblos and municipal corporations to lands granted by Spain and Mexico, and that the confirmation thereof had the effect of confirming the water rights contended for by the city; that said act did not require claims for property otherwise than for land to be presented for confirmation. The answer sets out a detailed history of the pueblo and city of Los Angeles, and certain prior adjudications which were claimed to conclude the plaintiffs in the suit.
After the pleadings were filed, the city of Los Angeles moved the court to dismiss the case on the ground that there was no Federal jurisdiction thereof; the motion was sustained, and the case brought to this court upon a certificate. This court held that there was no jurisdiction of the case in the Federal court, quoting in the opinion from the previous cases to the effect that the rights of the complainant depended upon the Spanish and Mexican grants confirmed by the board of land commissioners (Hooker v. Los Angeles, supra), and again held that the extent of the riparian rights of the plaintiffs alleged to be derived from the patents of the United States and confirmed Mexican grants, did not present a right, title, privilege, or immunity arising under statutes or treaties of the United States. The court also cited Crystal Springs Land & Water Co. v. Los Angeles, 177 U.S. 169 , 44 L. ed. 720, 20 Sup. Ct. Rep. 573, in which this court affirmed the ruling of the circuit court of the United States for the southern district of California, holding that a controversy between parties claiming under Mexican grants, alleged to be confirmed and patented by the United States in accordance with the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, was only a controversy as to what rights were thus granted and confirmed, and could not lay the basis for a suit as one arising un- [217 U.S. 217, 233] der the laws and treaties of the United States, and the decree of the circuit court, dismissing the bill for want of jurisdiction, was affirmed.
It is insisted that the supreme court of California, in holding that the term 'land,' as embraced in the act of March 3, 1851, did not include the riparian rights of the patentee of the land, nor conclude the city from making claim of ownership of the water rights in controversy, and leaving to local law the determination of what riparian rights are embraced in the word 'land,' denied to the plaintiff in error the rights which had accrued to it because of the proceedings under the act of 1851, and the benefits of the limitations upon the rights conferred upon the city of Los Angeles by reason of the proceedings and determination of the commissioners. But as these alleged rights and limitations arise under the act of March 3, 1851, which this court has repeatedly held did not originate Federal rights or titles, but merely confirmed the old ones, we cannot review the judgment of the state court in this respect. In its opinion in the case at bar, the supreme court of California said that, in this respect, it was following Hardin v. Jordan, 140 U.S. 371 , 35 L. ed. 428, 11 Sup. Ct. Rep. 808, 838, and this court has frequently held that the extent of the right and title of a riparian owner under a patent is one of local law. See recent decision of Whitaker v. McBride, 197 U.S. 510 , 49 L. ed. 857, 25 Sup. Ct. Rep. 530, and cases therein cited.
And whatever the rule may be as to patents conveying title to the lands of the United States, it has been distinctly held in this court that neither the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo nor patents under the act of March 3, 1851, are original sources of private titles, but are merely confirmatory of rights already accrued under a former sovereignty.
Both parties claim under Spanish or Mexican titles, confirmed by proceedings under the act of March 3, 1851. The Federal rights alleged by the plaintiff in error to have been violated by the decision and judgment of the supreme court of California, so far as concerns this act, relate to the extent of the right and ownership in the use of the waters of the Los [217 U.S. 217, 234] Angeles river by the one or the other of the parties to this suit. The plaintiff in error, as we have seen, contends that, by its grant, it became the owner of riparian rights in such waters without limitation by any supposed right in the city of Los Angeles to use the water of the river, and that the city of Los Angeles, by failing to present the claim it now makes for the use of the waters of the river to the commissioners under the act of 1851, and by the effect of the judgment of the commissioners upon the petition presented by the city, is forever adjudicated to have no such water rights in the river as the city now contends for, and as were awarded to it by the decision and judgment of the supreme court of California.
The defect of these contentions, from the standpoint of Federal jurisdiction, is that this court has already determined, in the cases above cited, that the act of 1851 was a a confirmatory act; that by its terms it did not undertake to originate titles or make the patents to be issued in pursuance of the deicisions of the commission conclusive, except upon the United States; and that the extent of the riparian rights belonging to pueblos or persons receiving such patents is a matter of local or general or general law.
In this view, the writ of error must be dismissed for want of jurisdiction.


I know many of you Sony Xperia Z users must be eager to flash their phones right now because I always am. The flashing of phones which are new is a challenging and funny business. The very idea of flashing your newest phones gives you the feeling of that one up man ship over the manufacturer. Don't forget flashing a phone also increases certain aspects of its working and unlocks a few hidden doors.
Now the latest challenge before the active Android community is flashing or unlocking the Sony Xperia Z phone. Though as I have said earlier, it is fun unlocking a phone but in case of Xperia Z, you have to take care of a few things before flashing it.
First and foremost, remember that Sony Xperia Z packs a DRM software which is required for running the Bravia Engine(which is one of best hardware on Xperia Z), TrackId and most important of the OTA updates. So flashing Xperia Z would make these important softwares unworkable. However the formidable XDA forums have succeeded in taking a backup of the TA partition before flashing your Xperia Z. The TA partition hold the DRM information so you have to back up your TA partition before flashing Xperia Z and then restore the TA partition on the flashed phone and you are good to go.
If you have already flashed your phone without backing up then this article is useless to you because restoring a TA partition from other phones will render your phone useless or hard bricked as it seems the TA partition is unique to every phone. Read this article from XDA Forums for details.
If you want a full tutorial on flashing your Xperia Z please visit the XDA Forums website. Remember, flashing a phone voids it warranty and do not do it if you are not comfortable with the tinkering.
Please write in your comments on the article.


What share of business do independent after-sales services make up within a monopoly-orientated market? And how do insurers get involved in this market and with what effect? Automotive Aftersales Power Breakfast organized by The Diplomat - Bucharest brought to the same table the top players in the industry in order to highlight the current challenges and opportunities of the sector.


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We walked for what seemed like miles in the summer heat to see the famed toy store. The kids drug their feet a bit and made comments like, "I sure hope it's worth it." The kids did stop to humor their mother and take a photo before going in.
Once inside we were in awe. It was difficult to keep us all together. Every one wanted to go see "their part" of the store. We built a custom remote controlled car, hugged Spiderman, and danced on the BIG piano.
Each child got to pick out a toy (with a price limit) from FAO as a momento. From the second we hit the door the race was in to discover the perfect take home toy. Mom almost cried when the only girl chose nail polish instead of a toy, but she helped the oldest son build the car and everyone left a little bit more excited.


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MediaSense Are Proud To Support JDE Peet's With Global Media Review
25 November 2020, By MediaSense
MediaSense are proud to have supported JDE Peet's, the world's largest pure-play coffee and tea giant behind the Jacobs, Tassimo, Douwe Egberts and Kenco brands on their recent global media review.
Havas Media Group has been awarded the $300m (£250m) international media account and will be responsible for JDE's offline and online media planning and buying outside of North America. The international media account, which comprises 54 markets, is worth upwards of $300m globally (£250m).
Graham Brown, Co-founder & CEO, MediaSense on the news "MediaSense are delighted to have supported JDE Peet's in this global media review. JDE's omni-channel approach to ecommerce, alongside 2020's acceleration of online shopping and delivery requires an agile and ecommerce-focused agency partner. It's been a privilege to support the global advertiser and see some of the smartest, D2C-focused agencies present some incredible work."
Further reading via Campaign
Graham Brown
Pitch Management
MediaSense launches Wave Four of Media 20:20 Research : CMOs Believe They are Too Slow in Transforming Media Models
Webinar – Procurement and the Intersection of Digital, Data, Measurement and Value


Starflower Farm and Studios in Monroe, Maine, is an arts-focused workshop/retreat center and farm with a renovated 3 chimney farm house, 150 acres of rolling fields and pastures, an apple orchard, deep virgin forests, perennial flower and herb gardens, and a large ceramics studio with five guest studio spaces for any type of creative work.
Workshops and retreats are held throughout the year, with offerings ranging from pottery to vision quests. The main house includes a separate 4 room retreat apartment with a meditation nook and sauna. All studio and house spaces look out on inspiring and gorgeous land. Please look over our website for more extensive information and images.
The center's owner, founder, and director, Squidge Liljeblad Davis (see resumé on the faculty page), is a potter, sculptor, counselor, teacher, and spiritual mentor who is deeply committed to the natural ecology of the earth as a source of artistic inspiration, spiritual nourishment, collaboration, and healing. After four and a half decades of creative activity on this exceptionally beautiful land, she is wishing/needing to simplify, and is building a small solar house with its own driveway and 25 acres of land on the property. She is seeking a couple, family or collective to purchase the house, studio, business and remaining land, and is offering the property at a reduced price from the original $475 for the perfect buyer/collaborator. Without collaboration for the transition, the house, studio and 25 acres is $350. New owners, in any event, must hold a deep respect and compatible view of this land's integrity, potency and beauty. She can be reached at 207-525-3593 or at squidge@midcoast.com. She requests that you study the website before initiating conversation.