With MasterChef: The Professionals and My Kitchen Rules now in full swing you can expect your kitchen to have a major impact when selling your house.
Once just serving as a functional room, the kitchen is now becoming the home's piece de resistance.
Anna Anderson, editor of Domain says the old, white upright four-burner is on the way out and being replaced by stainless steel, commercial-grade cookers and pot racks like those seen in restaurants and on reality television shows.
David Crane, chief executive of Winning Appliances, says stainless steel products account for 63 per cent of oven sales and, with My Kitchen Rules and MasterChef: The Professionals getting nightly viewers of 1.6 million and 700,000 respectively, you can expect the trend to continue.
Developer Lend Lease calls it the Masterchef phenomena. When they asked buyers what they wanted from a new apartment in Melbourne, 77 per cent rated the kitchen as most important.
The kitchen was "king" for many purchasers, said the general manager of development, apartments, Ben Coughlan, at Lend Lease.
"The kitchen is now the most important room in the apartment, and young professionals are dining at home, and practising the dishes they learned about on television.
Kitchens are now a deal maker for many home buyers. Phrases such as, new sleek stone kitchen with Miele oven and gas cooktops, great size kitchen with stone slab bench tops, Caesar Stone gas integrated European kitchen and modern chef kitchen have become major selling points for many real estate agents.
If you find yourself fantasising over a new kitchen, let Grace Removals make your dream a reality. We can help you move home anywhere within Australia, or the world, and we also offer a range of fantastic services to make it easy. Not only can we help you pack your belongings and deliver them, we can also arrange a comprehensive clean of your existing home, including the oven, so you never have to look at the old four-burner again.


Here at Ken's we offer a wide selection of fresh baked goods with an emphasis on decadent and savory local options!
You will always find a delectable selection of seasonal options in our refrigerated dessert case including decedent concoctions from Montlake Mousse.
Don't see what you're looking for? We are happy to accommodate special requests, just ask!


text:
Salsa Fresca Mexican Grill Plans Expansion to 100 Stores in Five Years
March 20, 2018 USNews Business, News 0
Popular fast casual Mexican restaurant with locations throughout New York and Connecticut announces franchise development opportunities
Salsa Fresca Mexican Grill, with locations throughout New York and Connecticut, announced today that franchise development opportunities for the popular chain of fast casual Mexican restaurants are now available in the DMA's of Connecticut, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and Florida, with locations in New York available soon.
Launched in 2008 with an "open kitchen" concept, fresh ingredients and traditional flavors from Mexico, Salsa Fresca guests have consistently praised the extremely fresh dishes, as well as the transparency which allows guests to see exactly what is being prepared, and how. "There have been so many different factors in our success," said Seth Hirschel, co-founder of Salsa Fresca Mexican Grill. "One of the biggest factors is the fact that we're not using pre-frozen ingredients – it's all fresh, every day. The response at all eight of our locations has been so overwhelming, and we're seeing constant interest from patrons who want to enjoy our fresh foods in other locations, too. It's time for the next step, and our franchise program will finally meet that incredible demand as we expand to a hundred stores over the next five years."
Customers have been enthusiastic about the restaurants and eager to see expansion into their own markets. "Franchisees will be stepping into a business with a built-in demand," said Lynette McKee, national director of franchising. "With best-in-class support, franchise owners can look forward to hands-on help from the very beginning, to build-out assistance, pre-opening training programs, and on-site support during launch and on an ongoing basis."
The "fast casual" market represents a $47 billion segment of the restaurant industry experiencing rapid growth. Seven of the ten fastest-growing restaurant chains over the past five years being fast casual brands – and of those, Mexican food represents the largest share at 19 percent, compared with only 10 percent growth at traditional burger restaurants. Fast casual has consistently taken market share from quick service restaurants (QSR's), moving from a nine percent share in 2007 to 18 percent in 2016, with a projected 22 percent share by 2021. This positive trend for fast casual restaurant growth is expected to continue long term.
"Entrepreneurs today are interested in a strong concept and a profitable business plan, but there's more than that – today's generation of entrepreneurs are also interested in sustainable concepts and ecologically conscious business models," said Hirschel. "In addition to using eco-friendly building materials in new restaurant construction, we employ green utensils and packaging, energy-efficient HVAC systems and lighting, and recycle all of our cooking oil."
The earth-friendly design of each location reflects a modern, industrial-chic look with gleaming stainless steel and glass for an easy showcase of the restaurant's fresh ingredients. With everything made on site, customers enjoy watching as well as eating. Freezers are not a part of the design, intentionally, reinforcing the "always fresh" concept.
Entrepreneurs and multi-unit operators interested in franchise opportunities with Salsa Fresca Mexican Grill can learn more at: http://www.salsafrescafranchise.com or you may call to speak about opportunities in the available DMA markets at (800) 207-2867. Connect with us on Twitter and Facebook.
Salsa Fresca Mexican Grill
Heartbreaking Death of Kokito the Dog on United Airlines Flight Raises Questions
When it's wrong to be right in a relationship or friendship
Kevin Kennedy Joins Blue Ridge Partners' Leadership Team
Helping Hands from Around the World Aid Rescue of 11 Thai Boys and Their Soccer Coach
Did U.S. Astronaut Neil Armstrong Really Give a Tennessee Woman Dust from the Moon When She was a Little Girl?
Five Hot Footwear Trends for Him & Her this Summer
'Permit Patty' incident brings out the worst — and best — in people
Keeping an Eco-Friendly Home - Women Daily Magazine on Green architectural designs that pay off
All content copyright 2018 (c) by Ugly Dog Media Inc.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Thank you for taking the time to fill out this survey, your feedback is very important to us. This is a confidential survey, the information you provide will not disclose your identity unless you wish to be contacted. We are interested in your experience with VCS and the quality of service you received. Thank you for helping us ensure our service meets the needs of participants.
* 2. I was satisfied with the referral process.
* 3. If you answered "Disagree" or "Strongly Disagree" please provide us with a suggestion that would improve our process.
found reception to be welcoming.
* 5. You were satisfied with the service that was provided (if applicable).
* 6. You feel VCS programming as a whole, is meeting the needs of the community.
* 7. What would improve our service?
* 8. Overall, how would you rate your experience with the services provided?
* 9. *If you have knowledge of our Early Years programming; do you have any suggestions that would improve our services? Is there anything you feel we could do differently?
* 10. If you have comments and would like a follow up phone call please leave your name and phone number.


text:
How to Turn a Supply Ship Into a $62 Million Luxury Yacht
Most million-dollar luxury yachts just look like giant versions of the cabin cruisers you can find at a local marina. The Kilkea, however, is based on a supply vessel platform, so it has a unique industrial look to it. But with an estimated price tag of $62 million, it promises to be far more luxurious than a freighter.
Sitting in the shipyard ahead of its luxury makeover, the VARD 1-08 Kilkea looks downright boring. You'd expect it to be delivering fuel or other stocks to remote outposts in the arctic, and that's exactly why its creators, a shipbuilder and a design firm, chose to start with this platform.
Eventually the 269-foot-long cruiser will be able to carry 36 guests in the lap of luxury to the farthest corners of the world. When fully stocked it can head out to sea for up to 30 days at a time, with an onboard helicopter furthering its reach for unique daily adventures.
The new super yacht's creators are even claiming the vessel is being engineered to be more environmentally friendly with lower fuel consumption requirements. Nevertheless, it's still an obscene show of wealth, and anyone genuinely concerned about the environment will have a hard time justifying why they need to add this to their toy collection.
[Edmiston via Uncrate]


When picking right modern couch for your living space it is very essential to think about the rest of the providing that you have at house. Think thoroughly about who will be sleeping on your couch beds, how often & where, & make sure you pick the couch that is right for you. With so lots of kinds & models readily available, You must be able to get modern couch beds that fits the needs of you & your visitors perfectly.
Memory foam mattresses are known for their high density. They are additionally more support than an ordinary mattress. They are made of very thick solid viscoelastic memory foam and hence provide the bearer of a company mattress and the convenience of a very soft mattress. Both the memory foam mattresses and mattress pads are designed to entirely collapse under the weight of the body. The foam mattress pads contain cells of the openings to assist with the circulation of atmospheric pressure on the surrounding cells. This discusses their capability to be built in the shape of your body as a reaction to the heat and the weight of your body. Therefore, they are very effective in distributing body weight uniformly over the mattress or mattress pad. So, with memory foam mattress pads can be valuable, specifically in the case ofBack pain and arthritis. However this concern is a little questionable, as lots of have actually declared affirmed that they found no such positive effects.
A soft and womanly sensation can be accomplished by using soft colored textiles for the walls. The use of striking fruit and flower patterns on the walls and ceiling can provide a bedroom a "garden-like" sensation and carpet, throws and window dressing colors can improve the creative design. For a more conservative appearance, cool colors with clean lines can be made use of and colored tiles can be made use of for flooring.
Produce a layering of multiple fluffy pillows for a deluxe look and feel. The right bed frames and bedspreads can assist develop a welcoming and comfy setting in your bedroom.


text:
Sacha Baron Cohen Biography
Birthday:October 13, 1971Birthplace:London, EnglandStar Sign:LibraProfession:Film Actor
Sacha Baron Cohe nyakumin is a British Actor and Comedian. He is notable for comedy films. His most notable films are The Dictator, Ali G Indahouse, Borat and Les Misérables. He came to prominence with Da Ali G Show. He plays three characters Ali G, Borat Sagdiyev and Brüno Gehard.
Sacha Baron Cohen was born on 13 October 1971 in Hammersmith, West London. His father Gerald Baron Cohen owned a clothing store. His mother Daniella Naomi was born in Israel. Sacha Baron Cohen is Jewish. He has two brothers Erran Baron Cohen and Amnon Baron Cohen. He went on to the University of Cambridge. After leaving the university he became a fashion model. In the early 90's he was hosting a television programme. Sacha Baron Cohen appeared as fashion reporter Brüno on the Paramount Comedy Channel during 1998. His became famous for Ali G. Ali G was an uneducated gangsta from Staines. Ali G started appearing on The 11 O'Clock Show in 2008. In 1999 he was named the comedian of the year by GQ. He won the best newcomer in the British Comedy Awards in 1999. Da Ali G Show began in 2000. It won the BAFTA the following year. In 2002, Sacha Baron Cohen starred as Ali G in the movie Ali G Indahouse. The television show was exported to the US. He has also released films on Bruno and Borat too. All three of these films were super hit. Sacha Baron Cohen won the best Golden Globe for Best Actor- Musical/Comedy. His ultimate character is of Admiral General Aladeen. Aladeen is a dictator from an imaginative Middle Eastern country. Aladeen is based on the real life Syrian dictator Muammar Gaddafi.
Sacha Baron Cohen has been criticized for the racist comments his characters make. Especially the comments Ali G and Aladeen made. Sacha Baron Cohen married Isla Fisher on 2010 in Paris, France. The Couple have two daughters Elula Lottie Miriam and Olive.
More Information: Wiki | IMDb
Fans Also Viewed
Cagatay Ulusoy Bella Thorne Maisie Williams she nyakuminny Kaplan Wentworth Miller Ryan Reynolds
Related Celeb: Idris Elba Terrence Howard Adel Adham Megan Fox Naomi Joaquin Phoenix Bruno Mars Chadwick Boseman Kylie Jenner Sara Ali Khan Big Show Kanye West


A domain name is a way to identify and locate computers connected to the Internet and it is a uniq naming system over the world. Domain is useful to register and promote your business into the global internet market.
The right domain name is crucial on today's internet. It's the first thing people see when they visit your site, and nothing beats a great first impression. Secure a domain name for your business that sends exactly the right message, with low-priced registration and great service from Appclick today.
Keyword in your domain name is must be suitable for your business because it also helps to get your rank high in Search Engine Result Page.
Your domain names should give your potential customers an idea of what your website is about. This level of recognition should be present in picking out the right website domain for your company.
We provide a set of DNS servers spread across the India and US to deliver highly reliable DNS service. Our Dynamic DNS takes care of a dynamically changing IP address and keeps your site running with no downtime. URL and email forwarding are also included at no extra charge.
Domain management is easy with our collection of useful features. You'll be able to make quick, straightforward changes with our advanced control panel. Customizable parking page, nameserver registration and domain push feature are included with every domain registration.
Every eligible domain registered at Appclick comes with 128 bit SSL Certificates. Also included: Registrar lock, grant modification rights and security notifications via email.
We're here for you! Every product we sell is backed by the Appclick quality guarantee. And our support staffers are some of the nicest, most knowledgeable people in the industry – they're available 24/7 to answer your questions.
Please Contact Us if you need more helps or information regarding to the Domain Registration.


I'm no t sure where the age line is except to say I am well over the line where cash means something to me. I'm not just saying that money means something to me but actual paper currency has a distinct value to me.
I say this because I have lately been struck by certain demographic group's inability to handle cash.
We are at a school play and I make a cash purchase. I hand you $10 for $7.38 of items. (Why you didn't consider sales tax when you set prices I'll never know.) You stop and use a calculator to determine the change rather than count up to $10: 2 pennies to $7.40, a dime to $7.50, 2 quarters to $8 and 2 dollar bills to round it up to $10. And, I got my change first (see my next rant). Seriously, a calculator to make change for a ten – you're kidding me, right?
I pull up in my rolling dining room to a fast food coffee place. My order comes to $2.53 and I hand you $5. You hand me my coffee and snack then two dollar bills with $.47 in change on top. Whose idea was it that putting change on top of currency? GIVE ME MY CHANGE FIRST!!!!! They all do it because that is how the cash register presents the information to the cashier. It's only partially their fault because they have never been taught how to handle money. On the rare occasion I am handed my change first at my favorite coffee place it is usually by a person who is at least 35 years old.
I receive cash deposits from co-workers every day. I can open and count an envelope without looking at the depositor and know if the person is over 35. Currency is in order, all facing the top and occasionally the heads even in the same direction. Under 35? There is no apparent order to the stack. Some bills are folded and they are often out of order. $50's and $5's mess them up because they count by $100 rather in order from the highest to the lowest. For example, an envelope with $658 may cash grouped in $100's with no regard to order with bills folded and in every direction. They must not have any idea how a cash drawer works…no clue!
For years we have talked about how credit cards, debit accounts and online banking are making cash obsolete. Our children use cash so much less than we do. Swipe cards are their cash. Think about it…they use cards for meals in the dining facility, swipe their card to get gas, tap it to buy snacks, use it to get copies in the library and even scan it to buy subway fare.
I'm not sure I will ever see a completely cashless society but I have no doubt it is coming. How sad that even piggy banks will be virtual some day.


text:
NewsUS Ski Team
U.S. Women's Team Grows to Seven; Caldwell Nominated after Breakout Year
Audrey ManganApril 24, 2013
Kikkan Randall (USA) headlines the seven-person women's squad that was nominated to the 2013-2014 U.S. Ski Team on Monday. Photo: Fischer/Nordic Focus/FIS Cross Country.
The U.S. Ski Team formally announced its 2013-2014 national squad nominations on Monday. After much earlier discussion about cuts to the men's team, there ended up being a fair bit of shuffling around for the upcoming Sochi Olympic year. Between the men's and women's teams there were a total of three promotions, three cuts, one demotion and the elimination of the entire development tier.
A single 23-year-old stands out as the lone addition to the team: Stratton Mountain School T2's Sophie Caldwell, nominated to the B-team as its seventh woman. She joins a powerhouse group in the approaching season; four of her female teammates are in the Red Group and six of them scored top-10s or better last season.
Out of the six athletes named to the A-team, five of them are women. Alaska Pacific University's Holly Brooks was promoted to the A-team in her second year on the squad, as was Craftsbury Green Racing Project's Ida Sargent. Both women made the Red Group at the end of the World Cup season. Kikkan Randall, Liz Stephen and Jessie Diggins remained on the A-team and Sadie Bjornsen was renominated to the B-team.
Caldwell joines the biggest women's group the U.S. has ever named, reflecting what should be an expansion of the team's quota on the World Cup in distance and sprinting by one more spot in both categories (new quotas have yet to be released, but are calculated based on criteria published on page 2 of the FIS World Cup Rules). Eight American women scored World Cup sprint points last year, granting the team an expected five start rights plus an additional spot for Randall, the 2013 sprint champion. This is one more start right than the U.S. had last season, and on top of those six spots an additional bib is given to the SuperTour leader every year, which will be APU's Rosie Brennan this fall.
In distance events the U.S. should expand its quota as well; six women scored World Cup points, one more than last winter, which brings the American distance quota up from four to five, not including the SuperTour leader.
Caldwell 'Excited' to Join National Roster
It's a stacked women's team, but Caldwell has already proven she can hold her own in such company. She was FasterSkier's Rookie of the Year for her impressive results last season, which included a 14th-place finish in the Quebec City freestyle sprint and 20th at World Championships.
On the phone from Vermont the day after the nominations were released, Caldwell was looking forward to the year ahead.
Sophie Caldwell joins the U.S. Ski Team as the seventh woman on a stacked squad nominated to the team this year.
"I'm excited to be a part of [the team]," she said. "They're an impressive group of girls and they have an awesome team dynamic and have been welcoming to me all winter, which made it easier to be over there. A bunch of them I've been on teams with for a long time and others I've looked up to for as far back as I can remember."
In being nominated at this moment in her career, Caldwell has blazed a rare path to the national squad: through a full four years at college and after just one year at an elite program. Her ascension has come more quickly than she ever imagined when she decided to pursue professional skiing last spring, but that's part of Caldwell's approach to the sport — she doesn't over-think racing and only looks ahead to the competitions directly in front of her. Her composure before her first World Cup sprint and later in her World Championships debut is probably just as worthy of credit for her breakout performances as her training and preparation.
"Going into the season I definitely didn't expect this, but I also wasn't really looking to the end of the season," she said. "I was just taking it one step at a time and focused on whatever race was ahead of me."
Athletes often struggle with the post-graduate transition to full-time training, but Caldwell credits her success in the last year to both the strong base she built at Dartmouth and to the uncomplicated switch to professional life this year at SMS T2, where she and head coach Gus Kaeding didn't change much to her program.
"I was able to have almost four pretty good years at Dartmouth, training well and staying fit and excited about the sport," Caldwell said. "I think a lot of people go to college and find other interests and stop skiing, but I was able to find other interests and also have fun skiing and come out of it in a good place."
At SMS T2, she clearly flourished. The NCAA circuit offers student-athletes few chances to practice sprinting, but Caldwell managed to excel at it right off the bat, winning the Bozeman SuperTour freestyle sprint in December to punch her ticket to Quebec.
"Gus's style of coaching is very simple," she said. "We didn't do anything major to my training and that's the way I like it. Hopefully it gives other college skiers hope. I have no idea what will happen next year…but it's possible to still race on the international level [after college]."
Caldwell expects to continue training mainly under Kaeding in Vermont next year while beginning to work with USST women's coach Matt Whitcomb. Her assimilation onto the close-knit women's team should be easy, as she considers many of its athletes to be close friends already and experienced firsthand last year the powerful effect of the encouraging environment the athletes always talk about.
"I think people underestimate how much racing is mental, and having a supportive team like that goes a long way," Caldwell said. "People talk about the U.S. women's team internationally and how happy they seem; it's not just people in the U.S. that notice it. I think their success is largely due to that."
As it's still April, Caldwell hasn't given much thought yet to how being nominated to the USST will change her daily routine. She does know she'll attend the their Bend, Ore., training camp in May for the first time, but she doesn't expect to make drastic changes to a plan that's already worked well at SMS T2.
"I don't think we'll make any huge changes in my plan, so the hope is I'll continue to get faster and faster," she said. "But I think it will help having a year under my belt. I know my strengths and weaknesses and what I need to improve on. Last year was about adjusting to the lifestyle…and building up my base, and hopefully this year we can build more on that and focus on some more ski-specific things for goals that I have."
Though she stood out in sprints last year, which is the discipline seven of her nine World Cup starts came from, Caldwell wants to continue improving her distance skiing this summer with the goal of starting more distance races next season.
"I think right now my strength is sprinting, especially against an international field, but I think my distance skiing made a huge jump this year," she said. "I definitely want to be an all-around skier and continue to improve my distance and sprinting, and get some distance starts internationally."
Caldwell hasn't yet sat down with her coaches to talk about concrete goals for the upcoming year, but she says she "has some ideas floating around."
"Obviously the Olympics would be a dream come true, and I'd like to continue to get international experience," she said. "I also enjoy racing the domestic circuit; it's not like I'm faster than everyone in the domestic circuit.
"I hope to get over to Europe more, because I felt like racing World Cups each weekend I figured things out a little more," she continued. "I guess I haven't really thought about concrete goals yet, but I like to focus on training goals, technique goals — then the results figure themselves out."
Gus Kaeding
Holly Brooks
Ida Sargent
Liz Stephen
Matt Whitcomb
Sadie Bjornsen
SMS T2
Sophie Caldwell
U.S. Ski Team
Audrey Mangan
Audrey Mangan (@audreymangan) is an Associate Editor at FasterSkier and lives in Colorado. She learned to love skiing at home in Western New York.
Doherty, Comeau Stand Out as Junior Skiers of the Year
Cross-Country Canada Nominates 2013-2014 National Ski Team
Action in Les Rousses: Klaebo Back on Top, Cyr Again Top Ten, Patterson Powers to 12th
Ben Theyerl
Diggins Ninth in Les Rousses 20 k Classic, Brennan and Swirbul Top 20
Ken Roth
World Junior Championships Begin in Whistler: U20 Classic Sprint
Gerry Furseth


These hotels and motels are conveniently located near Madison Square Garden - Knicks and Rangers. Compare special online rates and reserve a room.
If you are planning a visit to see Madison Square Garden - Knicks and Rangers and would like to view a map of New York, NY, please use our RoadsideAmerica Attractions Map.
If you've got time before or after your visit to Madison Square Garden - Knicks and Rangers, check out some of the amusing and unusual sights near New York and recommended by the editors of RoadsideAmerica.com.


text:
[Spoiler] Added new captures for the Korean drama "All my Love"
Added new captures for the Korean drama "All my Love"
"All my Love" (2010)
Directed by Hwang Gyo-jin, Kang Yeong-seon
Written by Han Seol-hee, Jo Seong-hee, Kim Yoon-heui, Lee So-jeong, Park Min-jeong, Yang Seo-yoon
Network : MBC
With Kim Kap-soo, Park Mi-sun, Jo Kwon, Son Ga-in, Yoon Doo-joon, Yoon Seung-ah,...
200 episodes - Mon~Fri 19:45
This is a sitcom about two families, Kongji's and patji's. The Kongjis are poor but kind, the Patjis rich but selfish
Name and basic set up are from Korean Traditional Child Story
Director Kim (Kim Kap-soo) Director of a cram school
As a filthy rich single man, he owns many cram school facilities.
He lives with Jeon Tae-soo and Mr. Kim who take care of his business for him.
At his cram school businesses, he's notorious for being cheap.
Park Mi-seon (Park Mi-sun) Mother of twins, Geum-ji and Oak-yup
Her current occupation is a networking marketing coordinator.
Despite the fancy title, what she's really working at is multi-level marketing.
As a result, all of her relatives and old friends from school have turned their backs on her.
Despite everything, she still dreams of striking it rich one day.
Her husband passed away when their twins were young.
Hwang Oak-yup (Jo Kwon) Park Mi-seon's first twin
He's been trying to pass the college entrance exam for three unsuccessful years now.
But the truth is, he's just using his studies as an excuse to stay jobless forever.
He is too lazy to work, and since he claims to study, his mom gives him money for his classes every month.
That's why he can't give up being a phony student!
He's a poor student, and he hates studying more than anything, but he makes all kinds of complaints to others saying he's "busy" with his studies.
Hwang Geum-ji (Son Ga-in) Park Mi-seon's second twin
She's very greedy and ambitious when it comes to success.
But she's just a vain, superficial girl who dreams of striking it lucky one day.
Because she doesn't want people thinking she's poor, she fills an empty Evian bottle with tap water and pretends to be a rich spoiled girl.
She makes sure she never lets go of anything that is within her possession, and at the same time, when she sees something she likes, she flips backwards to get it.
She is the little goddess of greed.
Yoon Du-jun (Yoon Doo-joon) Eun-hee's only son and Woo-jin's cousin
He's satisfied with any kind of roof or food given to him.
He's one easy guy to please! No matter how uncomfortable the surrounding may be, he can fall sleep within a second if he wants to.
He has an amazing ability to adapt to any environment.
Yun Seung-a (Yoon Seung-ah) A very bright and polite girl
Because she's so naïve, she sometimes mistakes other people's jokes and believes them to be true.
She's very polite and tries hard to never step over anybody's boundaries.
When she accidentally does something wrong to others, she feels genuinely sorry and tries to make up for it.
Broadcast starting date in Korea : 2010/11/08
Source : www.hancinema.net/kor...
(몽땅 내사랑 - 2010)
Added episode 3 trailer and new stills and videos for the Korean drama "Royal Family"
Added episode 3 trailer and new stills and videos for the Korean drama "Royal Family",...More
Biff trailer added for the upcoming Korean movie "Funny Neighbors"
Biff trailer added for the upcoming Korean movie "Funny Neighbors",...More
Added new stills and video for the Korean movie "Earth Rep Rolling Stars"
Added new stills and video for the Korean movie "Earth Rep Rolling Stars",...More


By birth we are human being. God has gifted this life with its powers to help ourselves & other. Human being have a sense of humanity embedded in them. We live together in Groups , in Locality, in Area, in Town, in Cities, in District, in State , Nation etc, but we all have a heart which get pain when hurt or when we see other being hurt . But as the century passed we have found ourselves in a world , where every human being is in a race with other. There is competition every where, Resources are limited & user large. Demand for things, services, Employment has increased to such a extent that they are being given to these people who are influential and have extra bucks etc. Demand & lust has led to corruption, the needy are being denied the services and their human rights are being exploited or denied to help others personal gains . A section the of police is hand is gloves and part of this corrupt policy, with corrupt politician adding fuel to the fire, making the situation even more worse . We as a single human being are weak and are like a paper boat in this mass Ocean of Humanities . But when we weakling form ourselves in a chain, where the weaker , the weak, the strong ,are all United to form a human chain and a barrier which all the corrupt practicing human being cannot match & they cannot withstand the strength of our unity . All Police will follow the constitutional norms & a weaker Section's Human Right will never be exploited or violated . Hence join now and take action in a united way to fulfill our responsibilities as a Human being.


Minister urges local authorities to allow equestrian use of cycleways.
£5 Individual or £7 Family per annum.
Membership runs April to April.
We offer free guidance and advice to all members of the horse riding community where they have encountered difficulties in accessing a public right of way.
We have fought tirelessly to gain better access to existing rights of way and to ensure that horse riders gain fair and equal treatment.
We have proved, through massive research of existing and long standing multi-use rights of way, that horse riders do not constitute a hazard to other users.
We are affiliated to and work with the BHS, and fully support the multi-use policies of Devon County Council.
We work in full co-operation with cyclists and walkers recognising our common interests in achieving safe off-road rights of way.
Over the last few years we have been responsible for the creation of several new bridleways.
We act as consultees to public bodies when new rights of way are proposed or there are proposed changes to existing ones.
With greater membership we have a greater voice.


text:
package org.apache.cassandra.cql3.validation.operations;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;

import static org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils.isEmpty;

import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.Attributes;
import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.CQLTester;
import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.UntypedResultSet;
import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.UntypedResultSet.Row;
import org.apache.cassandra.utils.ByteBufferUtil;

public class UpdateTest extends CQLTester
{
    /**
     * Test altering the type of a column, including the one in the primary key (#4041)
     * migrated from cql_tests.py:TestCQL.update_type_test()
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdateColumnType() throws Throwable
    {
        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (k text, c text, s set <text>, v text, PRIMARY KEY(k, c))");

        // using utf8 character so that we can see the transition to BytesType
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (k, c, v, s) VALUES ('ɸ', 'ɸ', 'ɸ', {'ɸ'})");

        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row("ɸ", "ɸ", set("ɸ"), "ɸ"));

        execute("ALTER TABLE %s ALTER v TYPE blob");
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row("ɸ", "ɸ", set("ɸ"), ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ")));

        execute("ALTER TABLE %s ALTER k TYPE blob");
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row(ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ"), "ɸ", set("ɸ"), ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ")));

        execute("ALTER TABLE %s ALTER c TYPE blob");
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row(ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ"), ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ"), set("ɸ"), ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ")));

        execute("ALTER TABLE %s ALTER s TYPE set<blob>");
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row(ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ"), ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ"), set(ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ")), ByteBufferUtil.bytes("ɸ")));
    }

    @Test
    public void testTypeCasts() throws Throwable
    {
        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (k int PRIMARY KEY, t text, a ascii, d double, i int)");

        // The followings is fine
        execute("UPDATE %s SET t = 'foo' WHERE k = ?", 0);
        execute("UPDATE %s SET t = (ascii)'foo' WHERE k = ?", 0);
        execute("UPDATE %s SET t = (text)(ascii)'foo' WHERE k = ?", 0);
        execute("UPDATE %s SET a = 'foo' WHERE k = ?", 0);
        execute("UPDATE %s SET a = (ascii)'foo' WHERE k = ?", 0);

        // But trying to put some explicitely type-casted text into an ascii
        // column should be rejected (even though the text is actually ascci)
        assertInvalid("UPDATE %s SET a = (text)'foo' WHERE k = ?", 0);

        // This is also fine because integer constants works for both integer and float types
        execute("UPDATE %s SET i = 3 WHERE k = ?", 0);
        execute("UPDATE %s SET i = (int)3 WHERE k = ?", 0);
        execute("UPDATE %s SET d = 3 WHERE k = ?", 0);
        execute("UPDATE %s SET d = (double)3 WHERE k = ?", 0);

        // But values for ints and doubles are not truly compatible (their binary representation differs)
        assertInvalid("UPDATE %s SET d = (int)3 WHERE k = ?", 0);
        assertInvalid("UPDATE %s SET i = (double)3 WHERE k = ?", 0);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdate() throws Throwable
    {
        testUpdate(false);
        testUpdate(true);
    }

    private void testUpdate(boolean forceFlush) throws Throwable
    {
        for (String compactOption : new String[] {"", " WITH COMPACT STORAGE" })
        {
            createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (partitionKey int," +
                    "clustering_1 int," +
                    "value int," +
                    " PRIMARY KEY (partitionKey, clustering_1))" + compactOption);

            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value) VALUES (0, 0, 0)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value) VALUES (0, 1, 1)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value) VALUES (0, 2, 2)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value) VALUES (0, 3, 3)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value) VALUES (1, 0, 4)");

            flush(forceFlush);

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ?", 7, 0, 1);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT value FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ?",
                               0, 1),
                       row(7));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1) = (?)", 8, 0, 2);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT value FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ?",
                               0, 2),
                       row(8));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey IN (?, ?) AND clustering_1 = ?", 9, 0, 1, 0);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey IN (?, ?) AND clustering_1 = ?",
                               0, 1, 0),
                       row(0, 0, 9),
                       row(1, 0, 9));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey IN ? AND clustering_1 = ?", 19, Arrays.asList(0, 1), 0);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey IN ? AND clustering_1 = ?",
                               Arrays.asList(0, 1), 0),
                       row(0, 0, 19),
                       row(1, 0, 19));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 IN (?, ?)", 10, 0, 1, 0);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 IN (?, ?)",
                               0, 1, 0),
                       row(0, 0, 10),
                       row(0, 1, 10));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1) IN ((?), (?))", 20, 0, 0, 1);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1) IN ((?), (?))",
                               0, 0, 1),
                       row(0, 0, 20),
                       row(0, 1, 20));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ?", null, 0, 0);
            flush(forceFlush);

            if (isEmpty(compactOption))
            {
                assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1) IN ((?), (?))",
                                   0, 0, 1),
                           row(0, 0, null),
                           row(0, 1, 20));
            }
            else
            {
                assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1) IN ((?), (?))",
                                   0, 0, 1),
                           row(0, 1, 20));
            }

            // test invalid queries

            // missing primary key element
            assertInvalidMessage("Some partition key parts are missing: partitionkey",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE clustering_1 = ? ", 7, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Some clustering keys are missing: clustering_1",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ?", 7, 0);

            assertInvalidMessage("Some clustering keys are missing: clustering_1",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ?", 7, 0);

            // token function
            assertInvalidMessage("The token function cannot be used in WHERE clauses for UPDATE statements",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE token(partitionKey) = token(?) AND clustering_1 = ?",
                                 7, 0, 1);

            // multiple time the same value
            assertInvalidSyntax("UPDATE %s SET value = ?, value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ?", 7, 0, 1);

            // multiple time same primary key element in WHERE clause
            assertInvalidMessage("clustering_1 cannot be restricted by more than one relation if it includes an Equal",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_1 = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1);

            // unknown identifiers
            assertInvalidMessage("Undefined column name value1",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value1 = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ?", 7, 0, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Undefined column name partitionkey1",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey1 = ? AND clustering_1 = ?", 7, 0, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Undefined column name clustering_3",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_3 = ?", 7, 0, 1);

            // Invalid operator in the where clause
            assertInvalidMessage("Only EQ and IN relation are supported on the partition key (unless you use the token() function)",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey > ? AND clustering_1 = ?", 7, 0, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Cannot use CONTAINS on non-collection column partitionkey",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey CONTAINS ? AND clustering_1 = ?", 7, 0, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Non PRIMARY KEY columns found in where clause: value",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND value = ?", 7, 0, 1, 3);

            assertInvalidMessage("Slice restrictions are not supported on the clustering columns in UPDATE statements",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 > ?", 7, 0, 1);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateWithSecondaryIndices() throws Throwable
    {
        testUpdateWithSecondaryIndices(false);
        testUpdateWithSecondaryIndices(true);
    }

    private void testUpdateWithSecondaryIndices(boolean forceFlush) throws Throwable
    {
        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (partitionKey int," +
                "clustering_1 int," +
                "value int," +
                "values set<int>," +
                " PRIMARY KEY (partitionKey, clustering_1))");

        createIndex("CREATE INDEX ON %s (value)");
        createIndex("CREATE INDEX ON %s (clustering_1)");
        createIndex("CREATE INDEX ON %s (values)");

        execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value, values) VALUES (0, 0, 0, {0})");
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value, values) VALUES (0, 1, 1, {0, 1})");
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value, values) VALUES (0, 2, 2, {0, 1, 2})");
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value, values) VALUES (0, 3, 3, {0, 1, 2, 3})");
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, value, values) VALUES (1, 0, 4, {0, 1, 2, 3, 4})");

        flush(forceFlush);

        assertInvalidMessage("Non PRIMARY KEY columns found in where clause: value",
                             "UPDATE %s SET values= {6} WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND value = ?", 3, 3, 3);
        assertInvalidMessage("Non PRIMARY KEY columns found in where clause: values",
                             "UPDATE %s SET value= ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND values CONTAINS ?", 6, 3, 3, 3);
        assertInvalidMessage("Some clustering keys are missing: clustering_1",
                             "UPDATE %s SET values= {6} WHERE partitionKey = ? AND value = ?", 3, 3);
        assertInvalidMessage("Some clustering keys are missing: clustering_1",
                             "UPDATE %s SET value= ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND values CONTAINS ?", 6, 3, 3);
        assertInvalidMessage("Some partition key parts are missing: partitionkey",
                             "UPDATE %s SET values= {6} WHERE clustering_1 = ?", 3);
        assertInvalidMessage("Some partition key parts are missing: partitionkey",
                             "UPDATE %s SET values= {6} WHERE value = ?", 3);
        assertInvalidMessage("Some partition key parts are missing: partitionkey",
                             "UPDATE %s SET value= ? WHERE values CONTAINS ?", 6, 3);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateWithTwoClusteringColumns() throws Throwable
    {
        testUpdateWithTwoClusteringColumns(false);
        testUpdateWithTwoClusteringColumns(true);
    }

    private void testUpdateWithTwoClusteringColumns(boolean forceFlush) throws Throwable
    {
        for (String compactOption : new String[] { "", " WITH COMPACT STORAGE" })
        {
            createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (partitionKey int," +
                    "clustering_1 int," +
                    "clustering_2 int," +
                    "value int," +
                    " PRIMARY KEY (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2))" + compactOption);

            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 0, 0, 0)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 0, 1, 1)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 0, 2, 2)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 0, 3, 3)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 1, 1, 4)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 1, 2, 5)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (1, 0, 0, 6)");
            flush(forceFlush);

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT value FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                               0, 1, 1),
                       row(7));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1, clustering_2) = (?, ?)", 8, 0, 1, 2);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT value FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                               0, 1, 2),
                       row(8));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey IN (?, ?) AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 9, 0, 1, 0, 0);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey IN (?, ?) AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                               0, 1, 0, 0),
                       row(0, 0, 0, 9),
                       row(1, 0, 0, 9));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey IN ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 9, Arrays.asList(0, 1), 0, 0);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey IN ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                               Arrays.asList(0, 1), 0, 0),
                       row(0, 0, 0, 9),
                       row(1, 0, 0, 9));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 IN (?, ?)", 12, 0, 1, 1, 2);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 IN (?, ?)",
                               0, 1, 1, 2),
                       row(0, 1, 1, 12),
                       row(0, 1, 2, 12));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 IN (?, ?) AND clustering_2 IN (?, ?)", 10, 0, 1, 0, 1, 2);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 IN (?, ?) AND clustering_2 IN (?, ?)",
                               0, 1, 0, 1, 2),
                       row(0, 0, 1, 10),
                       row(0, 0, 2, 10),
                       row(0, 1, 1, 10),
                       row(0, 1, 2, 10));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1, clustering_2) IN ((?, ?), (?, ?))", 20, 0, 0, 2, 1, 2);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1, clustering_2) IN ((?, ?), (?, ?))",
                               0, 0, 2, 1, 2),
                       row(0, 0, 2, 20),
                       row(0, 1, 2, 20));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", null, 0, 0, 2);
            flush(forceFlush);

            if (isEmpty(compactOption))
            {
                assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1, clustering_2) IN ((?, ?), (?, ?))",
                                   0, 0, 2, 1, 2),
                           row(0, 0, 2, null),
                           row(0, 1, 2, 20));
            }
            else
            {
                assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1, clustering_2) IN ((?, ?), (?, ?))",
                                   0, 0, 2, 1, 2),
                           row(0, 1, 2, 20));
            }

            // test invalid queries

            // missing primary key element
            assertInvalidMessage("Some partition key parts are missing: partitionkey",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 1, 1);

            String errorMsg = isEmpty(compactOption) ? "Some clustering keys are missing: clustering_1"
                                                     : "PRIMARY KEY column \"clustering_2\" cannot be restricted as preceding column \"clustering_1\" is not restricted";

            assertInvalidMessage(errorMsg,
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 0, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Some clustering keys are missing: clustering_1, clustering_2",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ?", 7, 0);

            // token function
            assertInvalidMessage("The token function cannot be used in WHERE clauses for UPDATE statements",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE token(partitionKey) = token(?) AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                                 7, 0, 1, 1);

            // multiple time the same value
            assertInvalidSyntax("UPDATE %s SET value = ?, value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1);

            // multiple time same primary key element in WHERE clause
            assertInvalidMessage("clustering_1 cannot be restricted by more than one relation if it includes an Equal",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ? AND clustering_1 = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1, 1);

            // unknown identifiers
            assertInvalidMessage("Undefined column name value1",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value1 = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Undefined column name partitionkey1",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey1 = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Undefined column name clustering_3",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_3 = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1);

            // Invalid operator in the where clause
            assertInvalidMessage("Only EQ and IN relation are supported on the partition key (unless you use the token() function)",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey > ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Cannot use CONTAINS on non-collection column partitionkey",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey CONTAINS ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Non PRIMARY KEY columns found in where clause: value",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ? AND value = ?", 7, 0, 1, 1, 3);

            assertInvalidMessage("Slice restrictions are not supported on the clustering columns in UPDATE statements",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 > ?", 7, 0, 1);

            assertInvalidMessage("Slice restrictions are not supported on the clustering columns in UPDATE statements",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND (clustering_1, clustering_2) > (?, ?)", 7, 0, 1, 1);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateWithMultiplePartitionKeyComponents() throws Throwable
    {
        testUpdateWithMultiplePartitionKeyComponents(false);
        testUpdateWithMultiplePartitionKeyComponents(true);
    }

    public void testUpdateWithMultiplePartitionKeyComponents(boolean forceFlush) throws Throwable
    {
        for (String compactOption : new String[] { "", " WITH COMPACT STORAGE" })
        {
            createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (partitionKey_1 int," +
                    "partitionKey_2 int," +
                    "clustering_1 int," +
                    "clustering_2 int," +
                    "value int," +
                    " PRIMARY KEY ((partitionKey_1, partitionKey_2), clustering_1, clustering_2))" + compactOption);

            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey_1, partitionKey_2, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 0, 0, 0, 0)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey_1, partitionKey_2, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 1, 0, 1, 1)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey_1, partitionKey_2, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 1, 1, 1, 2)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey_1, partitionKey_2, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (1, 0, 0, 1, 3)");
            execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey_1, partitionKey_2, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (1, 1, 0, 1, 3)");
            flush(forceFlush);

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey_1 = ? AND partitionKey_2 = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 0, 0, 0, 0);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT value FROM %s WHERE partitionKey_1 = ? AND partitionKey_2 = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                               0, 0, 0, 0),
                       row(7));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey_1 IN (?, ?) AND partitionKey_2 = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 9, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey_1 IN (?, ?) AND partitionKey_2 = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                               0, 1, 1, 0, 1),
                       row(0, 1, 0, 1, 9),
                       row(1, 1, 0, 1, 9));

            execute("UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey_1 IN (?, ?) AND partitionKey_2 IN (?, ?) AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 10, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1);
            flush(forceFlush);
            assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                       row(0, 0, 0, 0, 7),
                       row(0, 0, 0, 1, 10),
                       row(0, 1, 0, 1, 10),
                       row(0, 1, 1, 1, 2),
                       row(1, 0, 0, 1, 10),
                       row(1, 1, 0, 1, 10));

            // missing primary key element
            assertInvalidMessage("Some partition key parts are missing: partitionkey_2",
                                 "UPDATE %s SET value = ? WHERE partitionKey_1 = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?", 7, 1, 1);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateWithAStaticColumn() throws Throwable
    {
        testUpdateWithAStaticColumn(false);
        testUpdateWithAStaticColumn(true);
    }

    private void testUpdateWithAStaticColumn(boolean forceFlush) throws Throwable
    {
        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (partitionKey int," +
                                      "clustering_1 int," +
                                      "clustering_2 int," +
                                      "value int," +
                                      "staticValue text static," +
                                      " PRIMARY KEY (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2))");

        execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value, staticValue) VALUES (0, 0, 0, 0, 'A')");
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value) VALUES (0, 0, 1, 1)");
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (partitionKey, clustering_1, clustering_2, value, staticValue) VALUES (1, 0, 0, 6, 'B')");
        flush(forceFlush);

        execute("UPDATE %s SET staticValue = ? WHERE partitionKey = ?", "A2", 0);
        flush(forceFlush);

        assertRows(execute("SELECT DISTINCT staticValue FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ?", 0),
                   row("A2"));

        assertInvalidMessage("Some clustering keys are missing: clustering_1, clustering_2",
                             "UPDATE %s SET staticValue = ?, value = ? WHERE partitionKey = ?", "A2", 7, 0);

        execute("UPDATE %s SET staticValue = ?, value = ?  WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                "A3", 7, 0, 0, 1);
        flush(forceFlush);
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                           0, 0, 1),
                   row(0, 0, 1, "A3", 7));

        assertInvalidMessage("Invalid restrictions on clustering columns since the UPDATE statement modifies only static columns",
                             "UPDATE %s SET staticValue = ? WHERE partitionKey = ? AND clustering_1 = ? AND clustering_2 = ?",
                             "A3", 0, 0, 1);
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateWithStaticList() throws Throwable
    {
        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (k int," +
                                      "clustering int," +
                                      "value int," +
                                      "l list<text> static," +
                                      " PRIMARY KEY (k, clustering))");

        execute("INSERT INTO %s(k, clustering, value, l) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)", 0, 0, 0 ,list("v1", "v2", "v3"));

        assertRows(execute("SELECT l FROM %s WHERE k = 0"), row(list("v1", "v2", "v3")));

        execute("UPDATE %s SET l[?] = ? WHERE k = ?", 1, "v4", 0);

        assertRows(execute("SELECT l FROM %s WHERE k = 0"), row(list("v1", "v4", "v3")));
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateWithDefaultTtl() throws Throwable
    {
        final int secondsPerMinute = 60;
        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (a int PRIMARY KEY, b int) WITH default_time_to_live = " + (10 * secondsPerMinute));

        execute("UPDATE %s SET b = 1 WHERE a = 1");
        UntypedResultSet resultSet = execute("SELECT ttl(b) FROM %s WHERE a = 1");
        Assert.assertEquals(1, resultSet.size());
        Row row = resultSet.one();
        Assert.assertTrue(row.getInt("ttl(b)") >= (9 * secondsPerMinute));

        execute("UPDATE %s USING TTL ? SET b = 3 WHERE a = 1", 0);
        assertRows(execute("SELECT ttl(b) FROM %s WHERE a = 1"), row(new Object[]{null}));

        execute("UPDATE %s SET b = 3 WHERE a = 1");
        resultSet = execute("SELECT ttl(b) FROM %s WHERE a = 1");
        Assert.assertEquals(1, resultSet.size());
        row = resultSet.one();
        Assert.assertTrue(row.getInt("ttl(b)") >= (9 * secondsPerMinute));

        execute("UPDATE %s USING TTL ? SET b = 2 WHERE a = 2", unset());
        resultSet = execute("SELECT ttl(b) FROM %s WHERE a = 2");
        Assert.assertEquals(1, resultSet.size());
        row = resultSet.one();
        Assert.assertTrue(row.getInt("ttl(b)") >= (9 * secondsPerMinute));

        execute("UPDATE %s USING TTL ? SET b = ? WHERE a = ?", null, 3, 3);
        assertRows(execute("SELECT ttl(b) FROM %s WHERE a = 3"), row(new Object[] { null }));
    }

    @Test
    public void testUpdateWithTtl() throws Throwable
    {
        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (k int PRIMARY KEY, v int)");

        execute("INSERT INTO %s (k, v) VALUES (1, 1) USING TTL ?", 3600);
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (k, v) VALUES (2, 2) USING TTL ?", 3600);

        // test with unset
        execute("UPDATE %s USING TTL ? SET v = ? WHERE k = ?", unset(), 1, 1); // treat as 'unlimited'
        assertRows(execute("SELECT ttl(v) FROM %s WHERE k = 1"), row(new Object[] { null }));

        // test with null
        execute("UPDATE %s USING TTL ? SET v = ? WHERE k = ?", unset(), 2, 2);
        assertRows(execute("SELECT k, v, TTL(v) FROM %s WHERE k = 2"), row(2, 2, null));

        // test error handling
        assertInvalidMessage("A TTL must be greater or equal to 0, but was -5",
                             "UPDATE %s USING TTL ? SET v = ? WHERE k = ?", -5, 1, 1);

        assertInvalidMessage("ttl is too large.",
                             "UPDATE %s USING TTL ? SET v = ? WHERE k = ?",
                             Attributes.MAX_TTL + 1, 1, 1);
    }

    /**
     * Test for CASSANDRA-12829
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdateWithEmptyInRestriction() throws Throwable
    {
        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (a int, b int, c int, PRIMARY KEY (a,b))");
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c) VALUES (?,?,?)",1,1,1);
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c) VALUES (?,?,?)",1,2,2);
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c) VALUES (?,?,?)",1,3,3);

        assertInvalidMessage("Some clustering keys are missing: b",
                             "UPDATE %s SET c = 100 WHERE a IN ();");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET c = 100 WHERE a IN () AND b IN ();");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET c = 100 WHERE a IN () AND b = 1;");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET c = 100 WHERE a = 1 AND b IN ();");
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row(1,1,1),
                   row(1,2,2),
                   row(1,3,3));

        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (a int, b int, c int, d int, s int static, PRIMARY KEY ((a,b), c))");
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c,d,s) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)",1,1,1,1,1);
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c,d,s) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)",1,1,2,2,1);
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c,d,s) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)",1,1,3,3,1);

        execute("UPDATE %s SET d = 100 WHERE a = 1 AND b = 1 AND c IN ();");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET d = 100 WHERE a = 1 AND b IN () AND c IN ();");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET d = 100 WHERE a IN () AND b IN () AND c IN ();");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET d = 100 WHERE a IN () AND b IN () AND c = 1;");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET d = 100 WHERE a IN () AND b = 1 AND c IN ();");
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row(1,1,1,1,1),
                   row(1,1,2,1,2),
                   row(1,1,3,1,3));

        // No clustering keys restricted, update whole partition
        execute("UPDATE %s set s = 100 where a = 1 AND b = 1;");
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row(1,1,1,100,1),
                   row(1,1,2,100,2),
                   row(1,1,3,100,3));

        execute("UPDATE %s set s = 200 where a = 1 AND b IN ();");
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row(1,1,1,100,1),
                   row(1,1,2,100,2),
                   row(1,1,3,100,3));

        createTable("CREATE TABLE %s (a int, b int, c int, d int, e int, PRIMARY KEY ((a,b), c, d))");
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c,d,e) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)",1,1,1,1,1);
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c,d,e) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)",1,1,1,2,2);
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c,d,e) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)",1,1,1,3,3);
        execute("INSERT INTO %s (a,b,c,d,e) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)",1,1,1,4,4);

        execute("UPDATE %s SET e = 100 WHERE a = 1 AND b = 1 AND c = 1 AND d IN ();");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET e = 100 WHERE a = 1 AND b = 1 AND c IN () AND d IN ();");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET e = 100 WHERE a = 1 AND b IN () AND c IN () AND d IN ();");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET e = 100 WHERE a IN () AND b IN () AND c IN () AND d IN ();");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET e = 100 WHERE a IN () AND b IN () AND c IN () AND d = 1;");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET e = 100 WHERE a IN () AND b IN () AND c = 1 AND d = 1;");
        execute("UPDATE %s SET e = 100 WHERE a IN () AND b IN () AND c = 1 AND d IN ();");
        assertRows(execute("SELECT * FROM %s"),
                   row(1,1,1,1,1),
                   row(1,1,1,2,2),
                   row(1,1,1,3,3),
                   row(1,1,1,4,4));
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
@interface NCVolumeStatus : NSView {
	BOOL _active;
	unsigned long long _capacity;
	unsigned long long _available;
}
@property (nonatomic) unsigned long long capacity;
@property (nonatomic) unsigned long long available;

-(void)activate;
-(void)deactivate;

@end


text:
Q: Parsing Datatable to XML Document I would like to write a method to convert a asp.net datatable into XML document. What is the best way to achieve it? Apologize it it is very basic question.
Thanks in advance.

A: Have a look at using DataTable.WriteXml Method

Writes the current contents of the DataTable as XML.

More specifically the overloads using XmlWriteMode Enumeration
Using the option WriteSchema

Writes the current contents of the DataSet as XML data with the
  relational structure as inline XSD schema. If the DataSet has only a
  schema with no data, only the inline schema is written. If the DataSet
  does not have a current schema, nothing is written.

A: You can use "WriteXml" method to convert your datatable into XML document.
Example:
DataTable dt = new DataTable("Product");
 DataColumn dc = new DataColumn();
 dc.ColumnName = "ProductID";
 dc.DataType = typeof(int);
 dt.Columns.Add(dc);

 DataColumn dc2 = new DataColumn();
 dc2.ColumnName = "ProductName";
 dc2.DataType = typeof(string);
 dt.Columns.Add(dc2);
 dt.Rows.Add(new object[] { "1", "CShap In Depth By Jon Skeet" })
 dt.WriteXml("{path to save your xml file}\\documentname.xml");

But still you want extension method you can use the following sample code (Not Tested)
(taken from http://www.extensionmethod.net/csharp/datatable/toxml )
public static XDocument ToXmlDocument(this DataTable dataTable, string rootName)
        {
            var XmlDocument = new XDocument
            {
                Declaration = new XDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", "")
            };
            XmlDocument.Add(new XElement(rootName));
            foreach (DataRow row in dataTable.Rows)
            {
                XElement element = null;
                if (dataTable.TableName != null)
                {
                   element = new XElement(dataTable.TableName);
                }
                foreach (DataColumn column in dataTable.Columns)
                {
                    element.Add(new
                XElement(column.ColumnName, row[column].ToString().Trim(' ')));
                }
                if (XmlDocument.Root != null) XmlDocument.Root.Add(element);
            }

            return XmlDocument;
        }
    }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Čistá u Horek – gmina w Czechach, w powiecie Semily, w kraju libereckim. Według danych z dnia 1 stycznia 2013 liczyła 551 mieszkańców.

Przypisy

Gminy w powiecie Semily

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Winter in the Wash
One of the 'must see' natural events in the UK occurs in the winter when hundreds of thousands of ducks, waders and, in particular, geese spend the season on the mudflats of the Wash. The Wash is a huge bay on the east coast of England into which the rivers Witham, Welland, Nene and Great Ouse all drain into the North Sea.
When the tide recedes, like Morecambe Bay in the previous post, enormous areas of mudflats are exposed which provide sustenance and a roost site for colossal numbers of birds. Every morning at dawn thousands of geese take flight to head inland to feed, and the geese are what everyone goes there to see.
Multiple skeins of pink footed geese at Snettisham at dawn (Anser brachyrhynchus, Dansk: kortnæbbet gås)
I arrived at the coast at Snettisham on the north Norfolk coast around 6am when it was just starting to get light. Already sizable flocks of geese were in the air and I was concerned that I'd missed most of them. But then as the sun rose higher gargantuan flocks started to pass overhead and it was a truly incredible sight!
I don't know how many thousands of geese were there but at the end of the day I went back to the same place to see them return. It was getting dark and all was still, so, as in the morning, I thought I'd missed them. And then they appeared, quite suddenly in their tens of thousands. I tried to estimate the numbers by counting small numbers of each wave and multiplying up, and I estimated there were between 30-40,000 birds returning.
Skeins within skeins, I like this formation
And if you've ever spent any time near geese you'll know that they're not afraid to announce their presence, so the other thing that I hadn't expected, but maybe I should have done, was the noise. It was a magnificent cacophony! And not just the squawking, but the sound of them flying when they came over lower to the ground.
These birds breed in the summer up in the Arctic, in Greenland, Iceland and Spitsbergen and then head south to the relatively balmy conditions of the UK coast in winter (!).
Another skein of pink footed geese passing low overhead
It's unknown why geese fly in skeins, but it's thought to provide an aerodynamic advantage to the ones behind as they slipstream in turbulent air generated by the bird in front. Which makes me wonder if they constantly switch the pacemaker or if the biggest and strongest bird is always the one at the front.
I estimated there were around 500 birds in this huge flock, but even that was a tiny proportion of the total
To see this meant getting up and out at 4am which is never my favourite thing to do, and it was ferociously cold, but it was worth it to see such a unique spectacle. And as the sun rose and it got lighter, it soon became apparent that the geese weren't the only seabirds in the area:
A shelduck (Tadorna tadorna, Dansk: gravand) on final approach past a lone dunlin in the foreground
Small flocks of shelduck and dunlin were mingling and feeding close in to the shore
The Wash is now not the only significant area of coastal mudflat in East Anglia. In order to attempt to mitigate some of the anticipated ravages of climate change, flood defences protecting areas of farmland on the coast further south in Essex have been deliberately breached. This has allowed the land to be reclaimed by the sea and to regenerate the tidal mudflats that were there before humans originally interfered. The new habitat was created with the millions of tons of earth removed the ground under London in order to build the Crossrail tube train tunnels. And as soon as this happened the wildlife started to recolonise, and even though it is still fairly barren in comparison to established habitat, I hope that in the near future it will also provide refuge to hundreds of thousands more birds, and lots of other wildlife too.
Dunlin (Calidris alpina, Dansk: almindelig ryle)
But more of dunlin in the next post, and plenty more species of sea birds both at Snettisham and after that at the RSPB coastal reserve at Titchwell.
Posted in Birds, Climate change, Coastal walk, Ducks, geese, Migrants, Ornithology, Seabirds, Tidal mudflat, UK wildlife, Waders, water birds
Tagged climate change, coastal protection, dunlin, pink footed geese, Snettisham, The Wash, tidal mudflats, winter migrants
Morecambe Bay
Since my posting rate plummeted a couple of years ago, due mainly to the increased pressure of work, I've still been out and about accumulating a lot of photographs so now I'm going to try to get some of them into posts.
In early spring 2014 I found myself at Morecambe bay in Lancashire which is famous for its vast tidal mudflats that constitute a well stocked larder for a multitude of seabirds, and maximum danger for the unwary beach walker. The Irish Sea tides race in and swirl about at incredible speed and there are areas of treacherous quicksand too.
A pair of shelduck (Tadorna tadorna, Dansk: gravand)
The bay is so enormous that when the tide's out it's not always easy to see much wildlife, but by the pier in front of the Midland Hotel there were shelduck, curlew and oystercatchers and I also caught a tantalising glimpse of a distant red breasted merganser.
A curlew on full power for take off (Numenius arquata, Dansk: storpsove)
As I didn't have my camera with me and I'd never succeeded in getting a picture of a merganser, I returned to the same spot very early the following morning with the relevant optics. It was the end of February and the weather was filthier than a Springbok in a ruck (which as any rugby fan will know is as dirty as it gets!) – it was freezing cold and blowing a gale, so I sat on the ground with my back to the wind, and waited.
Despite what I said earlier, there were a good number of birds in the vicinity including curlew, shelduck, redshank and this oystercatcher who landed right in front of me and every so often he popped up into view as he mined the crevices in the rock for his breakfast.
An oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus, Dansk: strandskade) landed close by on the rocky shoreline
And I didn't have to wait too long before not one, but a pair, of red breasted merganser appeared in the water just 20 or so metres away, which justified getting out early and braving the elements:
Male (dark headed) and female (brown headed) red breasted merganser (Mergus serrator, Dansk: toppet skallesluger)
I think these are spectacular birds. They are generally resident breeders on the west coast of England and winter visitors on the east, so these were probably residents. They are one of two species of saw-toothed ducks, the other one being the goosander, which are resident in the UK. They have serrated beaks which they need to grasp their fishy prey which they can catch by chasing them under water. According to the BTO there are 2200 pairs in the UK in the summer and their conservation status in the UK is green suggesting the population is stable at least in this part of the world. The only other time I've seen a merganser was a month ago down on the south coast at Keyhaven, so they're an uncommon but splendid sight!
Posted in Beach walks, Birds, Coastal walk, Ducks, Morecambe Bay, Ornithology, UK wildlife, Waders
Tagged curlew, ducks, Irish Sea, Morecambe Bay, oystercatcher, red breasted merganser, shelduck, tidal mud flats, waders


Originally Published: July 30, 2012 2:08 a.m.
... a wee bit late again ... I am trying though. This Heron was not arriving late though and I got the shot a split second before he touched down near one of the ponds. Flight never ceases to fascinate me and the various transitions involved in either attaining flight or the landing phase. The Canon 1DX is performing flawlessly and is likely the best camera for wildlife ever produced. A great place to purchase cameras and related equipment is ePhotocraft and talk to Eldar or Jack: http://ephotocraft.com or 877.374.6869 . I've been doing business with them for years and have only good things to say about them.
We had a fun weekend! This morning things didn't go quite as planned so we arrived at church a wee bit late (actually that is more normal than not) and they had already begun taking the offering. I noticed George staring at me until I began to write the check on Corky's lap before sitting down. I think he nodded his approval. Following church we stopped and spent an hour or so visiting with a friend and then home. Enjoyed watching the Olympics and then some intensive gem cutting. A friend stopped in for dinner and a movie.
Fun day underway and the week has begun. Make the choice to have a good one ... like why would anyone choose to have anything but a good one?


text:
All facilities for tax payment under one roof
TBS Report
14 November, 2019, 06:35 pm
Last modified: 14 November, 2019, 07:55 pm
Chattogram to be featured in BTV programme 'Bangladesher Hridoy Hote' Friday night
Creative SME ideas not working for lack of leadership, training
Turkey wants to use Ctg port, Bangladesh proposes Mongla
BCL activist stabbed to death in Chattogram
One sentenced to 3 hours in jail for pretending to be a journalist
Taxpayers only have to bring necessary documents with them. Besides, there are separate booths for women, freedom fighters and elderly people at the fair
Jamil Hossain, a businessmen of consumer products, has been paying tax for the last eight years. But he used to face many hassles while paying tax at the Income Tax Department until he had come across the Income Tax Fair three years back.
"All facilities are available here [at the fair]. Only thing he does is that he brings necessary documents. Staffers of the Income Tax Department at a stall do everything. He does not face any hassle," Jamil told The Business Standard.
Like Jamil Hossain, every year many others wait for the Income Tax fair for tax payment.
After the formal inauguration of the weeklong fair at the GEC Convention Centre in Chattogram on Thursday, the throng of taxpayers started to increase. In the afternoon, the fair premises witnessed a big turnout of visitors.
On the first day of the fair, a total of 4,993 tax returns were submitted and Tk33,18,75,754 was collected.
"Tax payment at the income tax department was time-consuming. We also had to give bribe as without money our file did not move," said Mahim Uddin, a businessman of travel agency, while talking to this correspondent.
Now there is no such opportunity of taking bribe at the fair. Everything is going smoothly, he added.
Tax Commissioner GM Abul Kalam, also convener of the fair organizing committee, said taxpayers are getting all kind of tax-related services, like e-TIN, re-registration, tax return submission, in the tax fair. Bank booths are also available there for paying tax.
There is also one-stop service centre to ensure a hassle-free atmosphere for the taxpayers submitting their tax returns, he added.
Taxpayers only have to bring necessary documents with them. Besides, there are separate booths for women, freedom fighters and elderly people at the fair, he also said.
The fair will remain opened from 9am to 5pm till November 20.
Some 46 stalls of different organisations, including Sonali Bank, Janata Bank, Basic Bank, are set up at the fair.
Earlier, at the inaugural ceremony, Chattogram City Mayor AJM Nasir Uddin said, "Paying tax is the responsibility of all citizens. If we all give tax, the country will be developed."
Member of National Board of Revenue Syed Golam Kibria, Custom Excise and Vat Commissioner Mohammad Enamul Haque and President of Chittagong Taxes Bar Association Jamal Uddin also spoke on the occasion.
Chattogram / Income Tax / Income Tax Fair
End of Trump era revives hope for GSP revival
Foreign trip gets easier for dollar account holders
BGMEA goes for preparing factory owners' biometric database
Govt's net bank borrowing rising slowly
'Turkey keen to make significant investments in Bangladesh'
SME Foundation disburses Tk113cr under stimulus package


text:
International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery
Vol.3 No.2(2014), Article ID:43582,4 pages DOI:10.4236/ijohns.2014.32015
Malignant Graves' Ophthalmopathy
José Francisco de Salles Chagas, Jose Luis Braga de Aquino, Maria Beatriz Nogueira Paschoal, Luis Antonio Brandi Filho, Fernanda Fruet, Douglas Alexandre Rizzanti Pereira, Fernanda Garcia Callegari, Thalita dos Reis Ruba
Service of Head and Neck Surgery, Beneficiência Portuguesa de São Paulo, Medical School, Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
Email: josechagas@ig.com.br
Received 19 December 2013; revised 18 January 2014; accepted 27 February 2014
Introduction: One of the most common causes of hyperthyroidism is Graves' disease. The malignant exophthalmos is a rare condition characterized by the loss of visual function that doesn't adequately respond to various forms of treatment, requiring, in most cases, surgical correction. Objective: We report a case of conjunctival edema and protrusion of the eyeball in patients secondary to Graves' disease, characterizing malignant ophthalmopathy and discuss their surgical treatment. Case Report: A 73-year-old male patient presenting bilateral conjunctive hyperaemia, decreased visual acuity, exophtalmos with progressive deterioration. Pulse therapy was performed without improvement and then underwent bilateral ethmoidectomy. Discussion: Late diagnosis is harmful due to the fact that malignant disease is extremely aggressive and fast, as reported in this case. Most often, the ophthalmopathy follows a relatively mild and self-limiting course, making a proper diagnosis difficult if the disease progresses. In extreme cases acute orbital decompression is indicated complementing appropriate medical treatment, which will allow herniation of orbital contents. Many orbital decompression techniques have been used in the treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy. The most common of these is the endoscopic sinus surgery which potentiated act in decompression of the medial wall safely and minimally invasive. In our case, open bilateral ethmoidectomy was used, due to the fact that surgeons are most experienced in this technique. Although the post-operative has been successfully submitted, no signs of recurrence were observed after fifteen days due to the evolution of Graves' disease. Even with outpatient treatment, he walked to the total visual loss. Conclusion: We observed that the malignant ophthalmopathy is rare and aggressive; however, in spite of therapeutic resources used, it can progress to total visual loss.
Keywords:Malignant Exophthalmos; Ethmoidectomy; Hyperthyroidism
One of the most common causes of hyperthyroidism is Graves' disease (GD), which runs with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) in about 25% to 50% of cases. It is an autoimmune disease in which the thyroid is stimulated by antibodies antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibody and antireceptor of thyroid stimulating hormone (TRAb) against the receiver of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Susceptibility to GD is defined by genetic factors, such as familial predisposition, mainly maternal (15% of patients have a close relative with GD), endogenous and environmental conditions such as pregnancy, excessive intake of iodine and viral or bacterial infections. Smoking [1] -[3] , despite having little relation to GD, is strongly associated with the development of GO [1] [2] . The three main manifestations associated with GD are hyperthyroidism with diffuse goiter, ophthalmopathy, and infiltrative dermopathy (myxedema). In GD, lymphocytes T become sensitized to cellular receptors and stimulate TSH lymphocytes B to synthesize antibodies. One of these antibodies are directed against the TSH receptor site on the thyroid cell membrane and has ability to stimulate thyroid cells to increase growth and function [1] [3] . The pathogenesis of ophthalmopathy may involve cytotoxic antibodies and cytotoxic lymphocytes sensitized to an antigen common fibroblasts in the orbit, orbital muscles, fatty tissue posterior ocular and thyroid tissue. Cytokines of these sensitized lymphocytes would cause inflammation of orbital fibroblasts and orbital myositis, resulting in swelling of the orbital muscles, eyelid retraction, proptosis of the eyeballs and diplopia, as well as erythema, congestion and decreased venous drainage, causing swelling conjunctival and periorbital [3] [4] .
The malignant exophthalmos caused by GD is rare, occurring in less than 5% of cases [3] [5] . It is characterized by loss prognosis of visual function and does not adequately respond to various forms of treatment, such as corticosteroids and radioactive iodine, heading towards a framework with severe optic nerve stretch, requiring surgical correction [2] [4] [6] . Protrusion feature is 19 - 20 mm or more, measured from the Hertel exophthalmometer, which considers abnormal measures >22 mm in black, >20 mm in white and >18 mm in oriental breed and can be classified as mild (increase of 3 - 4 mm), moderate (5 - 7 mm) and severe (>7 mm) [1] [3] . The occurrence in males increases, especially above 60 years [1] -[3] .
The objective of this article is to discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the onset of malignant exophthalmos and the therapeutic methods, focusing on the rarity of the case.
A 73-year-old male, smoker, born and raised in Campinas, with signs of eyelid swelling and bilateral conjunctival hyperemia, exophthalmos, decreased visual acuity and white hypersecretion a month ago, with progressive worsening (Figure 1).
Presented at the time TSH < 0.005 UUI/mL, FT4 = 2.49 ng/mL, anti-Tg = 17.65 IU/mL, TRAb above 40 IU/L and anti-TPO = 285.4 IU/mL and ultrasound showing normal overall volume of thyroid gland (volume estimated at 11 cm3), without evidence of nodules thyroidals. When evaluated by the ophthalmology team, light perception was found in both eyes, perception of only of motion in the right eye, counting fingers at 10 cm from the left eye and proptosis of 24 mm in the right eye and 23 mm in the left eye. He underwent pulse therapy with hydrocortisone 1 g/day outpatient and use of Tapazol 20 mg daily for 2 months. After this period, the patient underwent computed tomography scan of orbits showing thickening of the extraocular muscles, specifically the inferior rectus, superior medial and lateral (Figure 2), adipose tissue intra and extra-conal aspect findings and preserved material of soft with pockets of gas between, the maxillary sinuses.
Figure 1. Exophthalmos. Chemosis and visible bilateral conjunctival hyperemia, exophthalmos white hypersecretion.
Figure 2. Extrinsic muscles. Computed tomography of improvement of visual perception of soft tissue window showing thickening of the extrinsic muscles (arrows).
Due to the failure of medical treatment, and because he had poor vision, the subject underwent bilateral ethmoidectomy, having motion in the immediate postoperative period. However, fifteen days after the approach, his condition worsened due to the evolution of GD, this time without light perception bilaterally. Contact the supplier of Tapazol is Hasolela 1, Beit Shemesh, Israel.
Based on the scarce literature on malignant GO, we decided to report the case of conjunctival swelling and protrusion of the eyeball in an elderly patient secondary to GD, featuring ophthalmopathy malignant, rare and progresses to vision loss. We discussed the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the onset of malignant exophthalmos.
Late diagnosis is harmful due to the fact that malignant disease is extremely aggressive and fast [4] , as reported in this case. Most often, the ophthalmopathy follows a relatively mild and self-limiting course, making a proper diagnosis difficult if the disease progresses [4] [7] . Patients with severe congestive status or optic nerve involvement show a significant improvement when treated with corticosteroids, radiotherapy and immunosuppressive drugs [4] [7] [8] . In our case, we used pulse therapy with hydrocortisone, which caused an initial improvement of visual acuity and partial retraction of proptosis, evolving into new worsening symptoms. In extreme cases acute orbital decompression is indicated complementing appropriate medical treatment, which will allow herniation of orbital contents, decrease in orbital pressure, relief in compression of the optic nerve, and proptosis reduction with improved functional and aesthetic [8] -[10] . Many orbital decompression techniques have been used in the treatment of GO. The most common of these is the endoscopic sinus surgery which potentiated act in decompression of the medial wall safely and minimally invasive [8] [9] . In our case, open bilateral ethmoidectomy was used, due to the fact that surgeons are most experienced in this technique. This may present a risk to the integrity of the tear duct, which is avoided with the dissection and preservation [9] . Although the postoperative has been successfully submitted, no signs of recurrence were observed after fifteen days due to the evolution of GD. Even with outpatient treatment, he walked to the total visual loss. This loss becomes irreversible degeneration of the optic nerve occurs, otherwise orbital decompression can reverse the loss of post-operative [8] .
We observed that the malignant ophthalmopathy, besides being a rare disease, can also be very aggressive, since, despite treatment with pulse ethmoidectomy and bilateral decompression, the patient reacted negatively, losing sight.
Kahaly, G.J. and de Graves, O. (2009) Vilar L. Endocrinologia Clínica. Guanabara Koogan, Rio de Janeiro.
Maheshwari, R. and Weis, E. (2013) Thyroid Associated Orbitopathy. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3339094/
Neves, C., Alves, M., Delgado, J.L. and Medina, J.L. (2008) Doença de Graves. http://www.scielo.oces.mctes.pt/pdf/am/v22n4-5/22n4-5a07.pdf
Lima, W.T.A., Perches, M., Valera, F.C.P. and Demarco, R.C. (2006) Descompressão Endoscópica Orbitária na Oftalmopatia de Graves. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-72992006000200022
Cardoso, G.P. (2009) Oftalmopatia de Graves, Sempre um Desafio. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rb/v42n4/v42n4a03.pdf
Viani, G.A. (2012) Radioterapia para Oftalmopatia de Graves: Uma Revisão Sistemática e Meta-Análise de Ensaios Clínicos Randomizados e Controlados. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0004-27492012000500006&script=sci_abstract&tlng=pt
Monteiro, M.L.R., Ostroscki, M.R., Silva, A.L.B. and Bloise, W. (2001) Antro-Ethmoidal Orbital Decompression in Dysthyroid Orbitopathy. http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0004-27492001000300005&script=sci_arttext
Leite, M.T., Manso, P.G. and Belfot, J.R. (2013) Descompressão Orbitária com Expansão da Parede Lateral: Experiência com nova Técnica Cirúrgica. http://www.unifesp.br/prograd/pibic2003/Resumos/90.prn.pdf
Eing, F. (2011) Diplopia após Descompressão Orbitária Ínfero-Medial: O Efeito da Dimensão Pré-Operatória da Musculatura Ocular Externa. http://roo.fmrp.usp.br/teses/2011/felipe_eing.pdf
Vasconcellos, J.J.A., Vasconcellos, Z.A.A. and Passold, E. (2007) Surgical Treatment in Graves Disease Proptosis. http://www.acm.org.br/revista/pdf/artigos/463.pdf
● IJOHNS Subscription
●Most popular papers in IJOHNS
●About IJOHNS News


Never stop learning. Embrace your passion and pursue it by enhancing your knowledge. Be passionate about what you do.
Why did you decide to earn a degree at Harvard Extension?
Over the years, I have been drawn to corporate social responsibility, so I started looking for opportunities to enhance my knowledge and ability to contribute to my community beyond the organization that employs me. As I did research, sustainability grabbed my attention because of its impact across industries and communities on local, regional, and global scales. I researched the Master of Liberal Arts program at Harvard and decided to pursue a degree in Sustainability at Harvard Extension. I am proud to say that, in addition to my master's, I also earned a certificate at no extra cost through the rigor of my coursework.
How has this experience helped you in your career or personal development?
In my experience, each time I gain knowledge I am able to consider more factors and my decision-making capability improves. Sustainability is applicable to every industry and impacts every one of us. We have a sustainability-oriented employee resource group at Otis, and I was able to conduct a lecture series to improve awareness among my peers. I also worked with that team to identify opportunities to improve aspects of sustainability relating to energy consumption, water use, waste management, etc. within the facility. We also plan events like nature walks, tree planting, and volunteering to support local nonprofits.
I plan to continue to use my knowledge and skills to promote awareness of sustainability, both within Otis and outside the company, to ensure my clients' goals and objectives are fulfilled. On a personal level, the friends and connections that I have made while earning my degree at Harvard Extension School have boosted my self-confidence.
As a distance student, how did you manage fulfilling the on-campus requirement? What was the online experience like for you?
I have pursued higher education in every learning format: as a full-time student, an evening student, a 100 percent online student, and as a hybrid student. As it turns out, I like the hybrid option I used at Harvard Extension the best. I appreciated the flexibility it provided. I would attend the class in person on day one, then log into the rest of the meetings through the Canvas learning system. The teaching assistants who monitored the chat proved helpful in making sure our questions were addressed in class. Occasionally, due to work-related travel, I utilized the class recording and caught up prior to the next meeting. Living in New England, the on-campus requirement was not an issue for me and I attended several classes on campus, especially during weekends. I have found that regardless of whether you are a full time, part time, online or hybrid format student, the key to success is staying engaged and giving 100 percent.
Do you have a favorite class or faculty member? Why?
My favorite class was my capstone project. I consulted for Creative Living Community of Connecticut (CLCC), a nonprofit organization that was formed by a group of concerned parents in pursuit of a solution to the question, "What will happen to my adult child with a disability when I am no longer able to care for them?" The organization built a greenhouse in 2012 and has hosted many people with autism and other intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), where they help grow microgreens and learn job skills that can translate to various fields. CLCC's long-term goal is to create a farm-based community where people with IDD can live and work alongside people without disabilities and be productive members of the society.
My role as consultant was to identify opportunities to make the community environmentally sustainable by considering best solutions for energy, water, and waste. I also researched and made recommendations regarding the ideal building features for people with IDD. The CLCC board has already implemented some of my proposals, and they seem keen to incorporate more of my ideas into the community's design and development. Professor William O'Brien provided a structured approach to consulting on sustainability and gave me clear guidance when I needed his input. I also appreciated having access to the entire faculty to use as a sounding board for ideas. I am proud of the impact this project will have on CLCC and its vision, and I am hopeful that my work will be used for the development of similar farm-based communities.
Connect with our Enrollment Services team to learn more about our certificate and degrees.