text:
THE COLORADO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY
Adopted November 16, 1948
Amended 1963, 1976, 1978, 1985, 1988, 1992, 2001
Constitution Quick Links:
Article I – Article II– Article III– Article IV– Article V– Article VI
ByLaws Quick Links:
Article I– Article II– Article III– Article IV– Article V– Article VI
Article VII– Article VIII– Article IX
Article I. NAME AND PURPOSE
Section 1. This association is incorporated as a nonprofit organization under the laws of the State of Colorado; its corporate name is THE COLORADO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY. The headquarters of the Society shall be located in the County of Jefferson, Colorado.
Section 2. This Society is organized exclusively for scientific and educational purposes solely within the meaning of Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, United States Department of the Treasury.
Section 3. Among the means of attaining these purposes, but not to the exclusion of other possible means, there shall be periodic meetings of the Society, the presentation of papers, the discussion of scientific subjects, and the investigation into scientific matters of public concern.
Article II. MEMBERSHIP
Section 1. Any person who by knowledge and experience has a general interest in science shall be eligible for membership. The membership of the Society shall comprise four classes: regular members, student members, corresponding members, and honorary members.
(a) Regular members shall be persons who are interested in the purposes of the Society and are desirous of aiding in accomplishing such purposes.
(b) Student members shall be bona fide students who are interested in science and are desirous of aiding in accomplishing the purposes of the Society.
(c) Corresponding members shall be persons who reside outside a radius of 160 km from the Society headquarters, who are interested in science, who wish to keep informed of the Society's activities, and who petition the Council for this class of membership.
(d) Honorary members shall be persons of special distinction elected for life by the Council of the Society.
(a) Regular members, honorary members, and student members shall be entitled to all the privileges of the Society, except those pertaining to student members and noted in Article V, Section 1, and in the Bylaws, Article I, Section 5.
(b) Corresponding members shall receive notices of activities of the Society, but shall not have voting rights or receive such other publications as the Society might release.
Article III. OFFICERS
Section 1. The officers of the Society shall be a President, a President-elect, a Secretary, and a Treasurer.
Section 2. The President shall hold office for one year. The President-elect shall serve for one year after election by the Society and shall become President for the following year. The terms of office of the President and President-elect shall continue until the adjournment of the meeting as which the succeeding President-elect is elected.
Section 3. The Secretary and the Treasurer shall be elected by the regular and honorary members of the Society. The term of office is one year, but may be extended each year through reelection.
Section 4. There shall be a Council in which the government of the Society shall be vested. The Council shall consist of the President, the current past-President, the President-elect, the Secretary, the Treasurer, and six Councilors.
Section 5. The term of office of the six Councilors shall be three years, two being elected each year by the Society.
Section 6. A vacancy or disability occurring in an office of Councilor shall be filled by majority vote of the Council, the person so selected to hold office only until the next annual general election, at which time his or her successor shall be elected by the Society for the remainder of the un-expired term.
Article IV. ANNUAL MEETING
Section 1. The Society shall hold an annual business meeting. The Society shall notify the entire membership of the exact date, time, and place of the meeting. At this meeting, the President shall deliver his or her presidential address. Officers' and selected committee chairperson's reports to the Society shall be presented, and officers and councilors of the Society for the ensuing year shall be elected.
Article V. AMENDMENTS
Sections 1. Proposals to amend this Constitution may be made by resolution of the Council or by written petition to the Council signed by at least ten members. The proposed amendment(s) shall be submitted to regular members and honorary members of the Society, but not to student and corresponding members, in writing for acceptance or rejection by letter ballot. Signed ballots shall be returned to the Secretary within thirty days of the posted date. The President shall appoint two tellers who, with the Secretary, shall count the ballots and certify the result to the Society at the next meeting. An affirmative vote by a two-thirds majority of the ballots cast shall be required for the adoption of any proposed amendment.
Amendment(s) so adopted shall be effective at the meeting at which the announcement of its passage is made; provided, however, that the officer of the Society at the time any amendment is adopted shall continue in office until the next annual election.
Article VI. DISSOLUTION
Section 1. Dissolution of the Society shall be by vote of the membership. This vote shall be taken by ballot at a meeting expressly called to dissolve the Society and attended by at least half the members in good standing. An affirmative vote by a two-thirds majority of the ballots cast shall be require for dissolution.
Section 2. In the event that the Society shall be dissolved by its members, all assets of the Society, except the Memorial Funds, shall pass to the Library of the City and County of Denver, Colorado, to be used only for the purchase of scientific and technical books and journals. The Memorial Funds shall pass to one or more custodians (an organization, such as the Geological Society of America) as recommended by the Memorial Funds Committee and approved by a two-thirds majority of the Council.
Article I. ADMISSIONS, RESIGNATIONS, AND EXPULSIONS OF MEMBERS
Section 1. Application for membership in the Society shall be on a form prescribed by the Council. New members shall submit completed application form to the Society. Remittance for the amount of dues for the current calendar year shall accompany the application or, if the application is received during November or December, the remittance shall be for dues for the following year.
Section 2. Students enrolled in college-level science courses may be awarded a complimentary one-year membership in recognition of outstanding achievement, as determined by the Council.
Section 3. Membership in the Society may be resigned by written request of the holder thereof.
Section 4. Membership in the Society may be terminated for nonpayment of dues by July 31 of the year for which dues are payable.
Article II. DUES
Section 1. There shall be no entrance fee for admission to the Society.
(a) The annual dues of members shall be established by the Council in an amount necessary to defray the cost of transacting Society business, prorated on a member basis. Dues are payable March 31 of each calendar year.
1. The annual dues of student members shall be established by the Council and shall be less than regular members' dues and payable before March 31 of each calendar year.
(b) The annual dues for corresponding members shall be established by the Council in an amount approximating the cost of notifying these persons of Society meetings and affairs.
Section 3. A regular member in arrears shall not hold office nor have the right to vote at the annual meeting nor be entitled to the publications of the Society.
Section 4. The Council shall regulate the payment of dues and the discipline for nonpayment thereof. The Council may, with justification, grant extensions in or exemptions from the payment of dues.
Article III. DUTIES AND AUTHORITY OF COUNCIL AND OFFICERS
Section 1. The Council shall manage the affairs of the Society in conformity with the Constitution and Bylaws. The Council shall direct the investment and care of funds, make appropriations for specific purposes, authorize publications, control expenditures, act as trustee of all physical property of the Society and, in general, undertake any action deemed to be in the best interest of the Society.
Section 2. No part of the net earnings of the Society shall inure to the benefit of, or be distributed to, its members, councilors, officers, or other private persons, except that the Society shall be authorized and empowered to pay reasonable compensation for services rendered and to make payments and distributions in furtherance of the purposes set forth in Article I, Section 2 of the Constitution of the Society. No substantial part of the activities of the Society shall be the carrying on of propaganda, or otherwise attempting to influence legislation, and the Society shall not participate in, nor intervene in (including the publishing or distribution of statements), any political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public office. Notwithstanding any other provision of these articles, the Society shall not carry on any other activities not permitted to be carried on by a corporation exempt from Federal income tax under Section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Service Code of 1954 (or the corresponding provision of any future United States Internal Revenue Law).
Section 3. The Council shall hold at least three meetings during the year, preferably in January, May, and October, and, at the discretion of the President, may hold additional meetings.
Section 4. Five members of the Council shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
Section 5. The Council may delegate to any standing or temporary committee as much of its powers as it deems advisable or expedient.
Section 6. The President shall administer the affairs of the Society and execute all the findings and decisions of the Council. The President shall preside at meetings of the Society and of the Council, may call special meetings of the Council as the need arises, and appoint such committees as are required for the purposes of the Society. The President shall be an ex officio member of all committees except the auditing and nominating committees. The President shall deliver a Presidential address at the annual meeting of the Society.
Section 7. The President-elect shall preside at meetings in absence of the President and shall assume presidential duties and authority in case of the absence or disability of the President. The President-elect shall select the S.F. Emmons Lecturer with the consent of the Council.
Section 8. The Secretary shall keep the records of the Society and shall issue notices of meetings, nominations of officers, and proposed changes in the Constitution and Bylaws and prepare and distribute minutes of Council meetings. If unable to attend Council meetings, the Secretary shall designate a substitute. He or she shall serve as Secretary of the Council, keep all records thereof, and if appropriate, make a report at the annual meeting on the activities of the Society during the current year. The Secretary shall assume the duties of the President in the case of the absence of both the President and President-elect.
Section 9. The Treasurer shall see that all moneys due the Society are collected and deposited in the name of the Society. He or she shall have charge of the books of account of the Society and shall furnish to the Council, as often as required, a statement of receipts and expenditures and also a statement of balances.
The Treasurer shall pay all bills authorized by the Council when certified by the President or the Secretary and shall keep full records thereof. He or she shall report upon the state of funds as required by the Society. The accounts of the Treasurer shall be audited by a committee of three members (not Council members) who are to be appointed by the President at least two weeks prior to the annual meeting. The report of the auditing committee shall be made at the annual meeting.
Article IV. AGENT OF THE SOCIETY
Section 1. The agent of the society, in the meaning of the Colorado Nonprofit Corporation Act, shall be designated by the Council. The agent shall act under the authority of the Council in matters prescribed by the Council and by the laws of the State of Colorado.
Article V. NOMINATION AND ELECTION OF OFFICERS AND COUNCILORS
Section 1. The President shall annually appoint, at least eight weeks before the annual meeting, a committee of at least three members of the society, whose duty it shall be to propose the names of one or more candidates for each elective office of the society. Nominations shall be published in the November newsletter and sent to each regular and honorary member of the Society. Regular and honorary members may submit additional nominations at the December meeting. Voting will take place at the December meeting. Regular and honorary members, who are unable to attend the annual meeting, may return their signed ballots by mail to the Secretary at least one week before the annual meeting.
Section 2. The election of officers of the Society for the ensuing year shall be held at the annual meeting when nominees shall be voted on. A majority of votes cast by mail or otherwise recorded shall be necessary for an election, except in the case of councilors, where a plurality of votes shall be necessary.
Article VI. MEETINGS
Section 1. Meetings for the transaction of business and the presentation and discussion of papers shall be held regularly each month, provided that the December meeting is combined with the annual meeting and provided further that Council uses its authority to cancel monthly meetings during the months of June, July, and August.
Special meetings of the Society, such as the S.F. Emmons Lecture, the presentation and discussion of papers, the transaction of business, or for any purposes, may be called at any time and place by the council or the Executive Committee.
Section 2. A majority vote of regular and honorary members present shall be decisive at any regular or special meeting, except as otherwise herein required and provided that at least twelve qualified members constitute a quorum for decisive action.
Article VII. MEMORIAL FUNDS
Section 1. The Council may establish Memorial Funds from time to time in honor of deceased distinguished members of the Society, based on criteria developed by the Memorial Funds Committee. The purpose of such funds shall be to award grants in support of earth science research, primarily for masters and doctoral thesis research in support of the scientific interests of the distinguished earth scientist for whom a particular fund is named.
Section 2. Contributions to the Memorial Funds shall accrue as principal for prudent investment by the Memorial Funds Committee and not be spent, granted, or otherwise obligated except to accrue interest for grant awards. Award grants may not exceed interest earned and need not be issued annually. Not all invested interest need be awarded in order that the Memorial Funds may grow at a pace equal to, or exceeding, the annual inflation rate.
Article VIII. COMMITTEES
Section 1. There shall be the following standing committees: Executive Committee, Memorial Funds Committee, and Program Committee.
The President shall appoint committee the chairpersons of the Executive and Program Committees and shall exercise the right to approve those members selected by a chairperson to serve on his or her committee. The current past-President shall chair the Memorial Funds Committee.
The President shall also appoint, with the approval and authorization of the Council, such other chairpersons to head ad hoc committees for terms as deemed necessary. The President also shall exercise the right to approve members selected by chairpersons to serve on each ad hoc committee.
Section 2. The Executive Committee shall act for the Council in the affairs of the Society in case of emergencies between regular meetings of the Council. This committee shall consist of the President as Chairman, the President-elect, the Secretary, and one Councilor selected by the Council.
Section 3. The Program Committee shall be charged with the duty of arranging programs to be presented at the meetings of the Society. The Committee shall consist of three or more members appointed annually.
Section 4. The Memorial Funds Committee shall administer the investments of the Memorial Funds, solicit applications for research grants, evaluate the merits of each application, select the winning applications, and distribute the amount of interest from the Memorial Funds that it may choose to award each year in accordance with the objectives of each fund. The Committee shall consist of four members in addition to the current past-President as chairperson, who shall appoint two new members annually, retaining two member appointed by the previous chairperson.
Article IX. AMENDMENTS
Section 1. These Bylaws may be amended by the same procedure and vote of the Society as provided for amending its Constitution.


The 2013 Olde English Babydoll sheep lambs are being born. We will have over two dozen lambs for sale this year. For an early look at the Olde English Babydoll Lambs Click here. More information can be found on our Olde English Babydoll Sheep page.
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An official website of the State of Georgia government. Here's how you know
Language: English Agency A-Z
State government websites often end in .gov. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a state website. Still not sure? Call 1-800-GEORGIA to verify that a website is an official website of the State of Georgia.
The https:// ensures that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.
Holocaust Georgia
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the Holocaust Georgia Commission
on the Holocaust Georgia Commission on the
Organization of the office
Meeting Requests
Duties of the Office
Event Requests
Volunteer & Employment Opportunities
Candle Lighting Ceremony
Distinguished Educator of the Year
Video and Photo Gallery
Student Community Service Award
Guidelines for Teaching About the Holocaust
Subscribe to Educator E-newsletter
Anne Frank in the World: 1929-1945
Witness to the Holocaust: WWII Veteran William Alexander Scott III
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Georgia Commission on the Holocaust
Kristallnacht -- A Turning Point
Eighty one years ago, on November 9–10, 1938, Jews in Nazi Germany and its occupied territory were subjected to ruthless destruction and incarceration in what became known as Kristallnacht, the Night of Broken Glass.
October 1939 – The Secret T-4 Program Begins
October 2019 marks 80 years since the inception of the first Nazi mass murder program, codenamed T-4. It began two years before the genocide of 6 million European Jews began. The Holocaust took place because individuals, groups and nations made decisions to act, or not to act.
What Does War Make Possible?
A headline on the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum website reads: WHAT DOES WAR MAKE POSSIBLE?
September 2019 marks the 80th anniversary of the beginning of World War II.
Hidden pages in Anne Frank's diary revealed
On May 15, 2018, the Anne Frank House, the Huygens Institute for the History of the Netherlands, and the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, published hidden text found beneath gummed paper in Anne Frank's first diary.
2018 Women's History Month
March is Women's History Month.
World War II veteran and legislator John P. Yates passes away
Representative John P. Yates passed away Monday, December 11, 2017, at the age of 96. He was the last World War II veteran to serve in the Georgia General Assembly. He participated as a candlelighter in the state's official Holocaust Days of Remembrance in 1995, 2010, and 2015.
2018 Holocaust Days of Remembrance Theme Announced
The theme for the 2019 Holocaust Days of Remembrance in Georgia is "Holocaust Remembrance: The Responsibility to Educate"
New research about Anne Frank's last months
Yesterday, staff and volunteers of the Commission participated in an enrichment session addressing changes to the scholarship about Anne Frank. The program examined new research about the deaths of Anne and Margot Frank.
Holocaust survivor speaks at Thomas County Middle School
Holocaust survivor George Rishfeld shared his story with students of Thomas County Middle School yesterday. The program at the middle school was part of the Commission's speaker program series.
70th Anniversary: Anne Frank and the inhabitants of the Secret Annex deported to Auschwitz
Seventy years ago today, the 8 occupants of the Secret Annex are deported to the Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center in Poland. The Frank family, the Van Pels family, and Fitz Pfeffer were among 1, 019 others selected for deportation. This was the last transport of prisoners from Westerbork to Ausc
Anne Frank in the World exhibit
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Buchenwald
Days of Remembrance
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exhibits on loan
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teaching about the Holocaust
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Women during the Holocaust
June 12 (1929, 1939, 1942)
Suite A-209
Monday to Friday, 08:00 a.m. - 05:00 p.m.
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Book a Traveling Exhibit
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The City of Champaign Legal Department seeks an experienced candidate for the position of Assistant City Attorney. In this position, you will join an in-house legal team that works closely with the City Council, the City Manager and all City Departments in a wide variety of legal areas. The City has a Council-Manager form of government. Desirable experience and possible assignments include, but are not limited to: advising City Council, staff and boards and commissions on legal procedures and ramifications of decisions; evaluating, advocating, preparing and trying cases in defense of or on behalf of the City; evaluating and preparing written legal opinions; preparing and reviewing legislation, and other legal documents; prosecuting for violations of City Ordinances; contract development, review and negotiation, including labor negotiation; real estate transactional work. Supervising and directing department staff.
The successful candidate must be licensed to practice law in the State of Illinois. Superior interpersonal, oral and written communication skills are required. Recent comprehensive experience specializing in or with emphasis on municipal law or closely related governmental, civil legal experience or any equivalent combination of experience and training which provides the required knowledge, skills, and abilities is required. Pre-employment drug screening is required.
The starting annual salary range is $72,781-$82,805, depending on qualifications. Applications and supplemental questions must be received online no later than Sunday, September 18, 2011.
The City's mission is to provide responsive, caring, cost-effective service in partnership with our community. The following values guide our work: Personal Integrity, Responsibility, Respect, Teamwork, Results.
To apply, visit the City's Online Hiring Center at www.ci.champaign.il.us.
The following locations offer free Internet access and assistance: Champaign Public Library, the Illinois Employment and Training Center and the City of Champaign City Building.


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Q: How to make a button look like a link in ZK So what i want is to bind label and onClick event of a link to a java bean in ZK.
So i tried

But  does not have label attribute.
<button> has both label and onClick but it show up as button which it is...
<button label="@bind(vm.value)" onClick="@command('reset')"/>

So how to make a button look like a link in ZK ?
I am using mvvm model

A: I suggest you  use  instead of  for link.

you can also prefer @Sean Connolly answer  tag also have label attribute

A: ZK's 'a' Component does, in fact, have a 'label' attribute.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This is what one gets when you ask someone to pick letters for you to get the country you should write about that day. I get Myanmar, a beautiful country located somewhat appropriately on the "balls" section of Southeast Asia, lying along the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea.
Back when it was Burma, it was only regularly corrupt and killed and tortured people only following British rules for same.
Now, though, it rates near the top of the pops for corruption and human rights violations, ruination of children, human trafficking, and the ever popular jailing people for talking.
Oh I know, things are supposed to be getting better and tra la tra la the world is happily trading with Myanmar now, but sheesh. It has a long way to go before it is the sort of country you'd want to ask over for dinner, let alone a long weekend.
Maybe drinks. Or a drink.
But you just know if it gets a lot of liquor under its belt it will become all thrashy and argumentative and kill a bunch of helpless civilians or put Aung San Suu Kyi back in house arrest again on rice rations. It's happened before.
It seems that kind of place, given to thrusting itself around. People are poor, despite the rubies and diamonds lying about. There's no spending on infrastructure, health, education. You know, people.
But for some reason many western countries have decided to get all palsy-walsy with the place of late – US presidential visits, cosy little meetings here and there with various other "civilized" places. I know there have been big steps toward a more open society, but I can't help but wonder if there is something else behind the new friendliness.
Lessee. What's the CIA Fact Book say about resources?
petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal, marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas, hydropower.
You know, if I were a suspicious kind of gal, I might think there was a plot afoot to get some copper or something, or tin, or even a diamond or two.
Sorry. I sound bitter. It's just that some places are almost unbelievably precious – like jewel-strewn Myanmar – and yet so filled with evil. It breaks my heart. I mean, they have TIGERS in Myanmar/Burma. They have over 800 species of birds. Hundreds of species of fish, monkeys, flying foxes.
So here's to you, now-Canadians who have left Myanmar. Welcome. We are glad to have you here and may you live in safety and security and feel comfortable even though your oppressively pretty country is nowhere near.


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Have you ever been so happy you could burst?
Tears of joy streaming down your face and you just cannot contain yourself? Remember that, and let us help you tap into that every time you need a little joyous pick me up!
Can you remember that? That amazing, almost overwhelming feeling of absolute joy and happiness??
That is available to you any time you need it. Not just when there is something to celebrate or what have you. Feel that feeling now.
Close your eyes and let it take you back to a time you felt like this. It could have been a big momentous event or not. But just let it take you back.
Allow yourself to be taken over by these feelings… That uncontrollable smile that threatens to burst your cheeks. Those tears that you can't even help but to leak. That heart that fills fit to bursting, you just cannot contain it.
Any other thoughts, feelings and emotions that come with that memory. See you just conjured up that feeling without Any thing significant happening to get it. You can use that anytime you like….
When you are feeling low or need a boost. When you're sad and a bit lonely. Any time at all! I'd suggest doing once a day, so you can start bring that ultimate joy to your life daily and with ease!
And if you're struggling, you know who you can call on to assist… Yep your angels!
Happy joyful day to you!
That is awesome! Here's to many more!
It is a happy day!!!


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Kayaking and Rowing
Recreational Water Quality Reports
Ski and Swim Lanes
Swimming Locations
Indicator Bacteria
Suitability for Contact Recreation Grades (SFR Grades)
Toxic Algae
Council monitors the concentrations of indicator bacteria every week from the beginning of November until the end of March.
To view the latest results, see Marlborough region swimming information on the Lawa* website using the link below.
Go to LAWA
* Land, Air, Water Aotearoa (LAWA) is a partnership between councils, the Cawthron Institute, Ministry for the Environment and Massey University and has been supported by the Tindall Foundation.
LAWA provides two measures:
Summer season monitoring - a recent snapshot based on a single result
Overall recreational risk - a guide to give a general picture of water quality at a site. Updated annually, it is calculated from bacteria (E.coli or Enterococci) data collected over the last three summers. The Overall Recreation Risk Indicator is a precautionary approach to managing health risk and it not designed to represent health risk on a particular day. As such, a site can have an Overall Recreation Risk of caution' but still be suitable for swimming some of the time.
After rainfall
The risk of catching an infectious disease from swimming in clear, clean water is usually low. However, after rainfall contamination occurs through runoff into waterways and there is an increased chance that you may catch a gut, ear, skin or respiratory infection.
Marlborough District Council and the Nelson Marlborough District Health Board's Public Health Service advise that after rainfall, it is best not to swim in discoloured water, especially for at least the first 24 hours and preferably 36 hours to minimise the risk of exposure to harmful bacteria. Further reduce your risk by:
Avoiding areas where stormwater outlets discharge to watercourses
Avoiding areas with high runoff from intensive agriculture
A cost-effective approach to measuring the concentration of microorganisms that could affect the health of swimmers is the use of indicator bacteria.
The suitability for contact recreation grade gives an overall measure of the recreational water quality of a site.
Follow-ME
Reserves - A to Z List
Cruise Guide


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OCI was responsible for drainage and TESC design for temporary detour and permanent bridge across Puyallup River at the outer limits of City of Puyallup from Milepost 6.19 to 6.25. The project involved removing the existing degraded southbound steel truss bridge (Meridian Street Bridge) and replacing it with a new two lane bridge to the east of the existing structure. The project was within the 100-year floodplain.
Drainage design involved basic water quality treatment using bioswale for the new pollution generating impervious area added by the project. A WSDOT's Type A Hydraulic Report was developed incorporating stormwater pipe sizing, gutter flow analysis, ditch conveyance and downstream impact analysis. TESC design for the project involved site specific TESC BMPs and documentation in the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan.
Since the project involved the removal of existing steel truss bridge piers, OCI analyzed scour for existing, temporary, and proposed conditions. The impact on the 100-year flood elevation with the pier location changes was also documented. OCI coordinated with all the project stakeholders such as WSDOT Olympia region staff and WSDOT hydraulic office.
Laurie is an accomplished hydraulic and transportation engineer with 20 years of experience in designing and managing both public and private projects. Designing and delivering projects across Puget Sound, Laurie's project experience ranges in size from small intersection improvements to multi-billion dollar mega projects. She excels at managing and organizing the day to day activities of complex projects and design teams, providing coordination, scope compliance, technical guidance, work planning, scheduling, and reporting.
Laurie has an adventurous and inquisitive spirit and enjoys travelling, reading, hiking, camping, biking, and keeping up with her two dogs. She loves exploring and learning interesting facts about the places she and her husband, Jesse, visit on their travels. Laurie plays the fiddle and the concertina in an Irish rock band.


It is so hard to believe that it has been another week already! I was unable to get some of my other posts up this week: Quote of the Week or my weekly Chic Chat. However, I have decided despite that, I'd still go forward with my list of favorite things for this week. If you find my list helpful, or want to add to my recommendations, feel free to leave me a comment below!
This week my top favorite article comes from HelloGiggles.com on the best advice from Ava Duvernay. She is such an inspiration and I admire her work and work ethic. In this brief article, Ava drops an amazing gem making this read my favorite of the week.
This week my favorite post comes from Twitter! I figured since twitter happens to be my favorite social media, I would go with my top tweet for this week. To see which tweet made this list you can follow the link here! I picked this tweet because it's motivational and embodies how I feel in this chapter of my life.
This weeks favorite product goes to a t-shirt that donates 10% of all profits to a cause. October is such a fun month with Halloween, but it's important to also not forget that it's also Breast Cancer Awareness month. I love this product because it celebrates women who have triumphed over breast cancer. The campaign is only for a limited time with limited supply, however you can get yours Here.
I decided to feature a fiction read this week as my top favorite recommendation this week. Gregory Mcguire's "Wicked" is an interestingly different twist on the classic Wizard of Oz. It's no wonder it was adapted and used on broadway. It is a enjoyable page turner that will make you sad when it's finished.
So please enjoy! Don't forget to leave a comment below and tell me some of your top favorite things this week.


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Outrigger on the Lagoon Fiji and Castaway Island, Fiji have joined Hawaii-based Outrigger Hotels and Resorts' portfolio as 'owned and managed' resorts.
In recent years Outrigger has been expanding in both the Asia-Pacific and Oceania regions.
The company exclusively operates beachfront properties. Outrigger purchased from its partner, Geoffrey Shaw, the complete shareholding in the ownership company of Outrigger on the Lagoon Fiji, and his privately held Castaway Island, Fiji, a "private" island escape accessible only by boat, seaplane or helicopter.
The two resorts may be combined into a complete Fiji islands holiday experience. The transaction closed on Jan. 31, for an undisclosed amount and gives Outrigger 100 percent ownership of both resorts.
Since starting its expansion into the Asia-Pacific region in 2008, Outrigger has grown its global presence to include properties currently open or under development in Australia; Guam; Bali; Phuket and Phi Phi Island, Thailand; Mauritius; Hainan Island, China; and Vietnam.
Outrigger on the Lagoon Fiji is located on 346 acres of beachfront property on Fiji's Coral Coast, one hour's drive from Nadi International Airport. The resort opened in 2000, and today is branded the Outrigger on the Lagoon Fiji.
Castaway Island, Fiji is located in Fiji's Mamanuca Island group about 18 miles offshore from the main Fijian island of Viti Levu. The 174 acre island is home to 66 'bures' featuring traditional Fijian style thatched roofs are nestled amongst lush tropical gardens or beachside at the water's edge.


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2018 National High School Offensive Player of the Year Award Watchlist Presented by adidas
Home » 2018 National High School Offensive Player of the Year Award Watchlist Presented by adidas
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2018 National High School Offensive Player of the Year Award Watchlist Presented by adidas2018-08-232019-01-22https://www.maxwellfootballclub.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/mfc-new-logo.pngMaxwell Football Clubhttps://www.maxwellfootballclub.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/mfc_hsawardwatchlistsocial_round2-1.png200px200px
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ADIDAS AND MAXWELL FOOTBALL CLUB ANNOUNCE WATCH LISTS FOR 2018 NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL PLAYERS OF THE YEAR AWARD
The Maxwell Football Club (MFC) and presenting sponsor adidas today announced the 2018 watch list for the Maxwell Club's National High School Offensive and Defensive Players of the Year awards which are presented yearly to the nation's best scholastic football player on each side of the ball.
The award was established in 2007 and former winners include Jacob Eason (Lake Stevens HS – Georgia), Trenton Thompson (2014 Westover HS – Georgia), Will Grier (2013 Davidson Day School – Florida), Derrick Henry (2012 Yulee HS – Alabama), Noah Spence (2011 Bishop McDevitt HS – Ohio State), Jeff Driskel (2010 Hagerty HS – Florida), Sharif Floyd (2009 George Washington HS – Florida), Jamarkus McFarland (2008 Lufkin HS – Oklahoma) and DeVier Posey (2007 Cincinnati LaSalle HS – Ohio State). Last season for the first time both offensive and defensive players were recognized, 2017 honors going to Trevor Lawrence (Cartersville, GA High School/Clemson) and Taron Vincent (IMG Academy/Ohio State).
The Maxwell Football Club has been recognizing excellence at all levels of football since 1935 and has a major focus on high school football nationally, while adidas currently outfits over 30 collegiate FBS (Football Bowl Subdivision) teams as well as some of the top high school programs in the country.
We are very excited to continue our partnership with adidas as the presenting sponsor of the MFC National High School Offensive & Defensive Player of the Year awards. These awards have gained a great deal of notoriety on a national scale since its inception and partnering with a company like adidas which is known for putting innovation at the forefront of their business model will only continue to enhance the award's presence and allow more opportunities for aspiring athletes..
Mark Wolpert, MFC Executive Director
The Maxwell Football Club and adidas have a rich history with the game of football and we're proud to be associated with the longest running football club in the country. Our mission is to help athletes perform better and we look forward partnering with the MFC to identify the very best High School football player in the country.
Shannon Ferbrache, adidas Dir. Of US Sports – Grassroots
The initial watch list for the MFC NATIONAL OFFENSIVE and DEFENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL PLAYER OF THE YEAR AWARDS PRESENTED BY ADIDAS are below. Players have been selected by the MFC National Selection Committee and the Club reserves the right to make additions and subtractions to this list as the 2016 season unfolds. 16 semifinalists for each award will be announced on November 13th and 6 finalists will be announced on December 19th.
The winner of the 2018 MFC NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL PLAYER OF THE YEAR AWARD PRESENTED BY ADIDAS will be announced on Wednesday January 16, 2019 and the formal presentation of the award will take place at the Maxwell Football Club National Awards Gala that will take place on Friday March 8, 2019 at the Tropicana Hotel and Casino in Atlantic City, New Jersey.
2018 Maxwell/Bednarik Award Watch List Press ReleaseNews
2018 National High School Defensive Player of the Year Award Watchlist Presented by adidasNews, Press Release


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TUSCALOOSA, Ala. — The State of Alabama Engineering Hall of Fame inducted five individuals and honored a corporation during a recent ceremony at the Renaissance Montgomery Hotel and Spa.
The following five individuals join the 173 inducted into the Hall of Fame over the past 29 years: Brian D. Barr of Birmingham; Bill L. Harbert, formerly of Birmingham; Paula Martese Marino of Birmingham; Todd May of Huntsville; and H. Stuart Starrett of Birmingham.
Also, Krebs Engineering, with headquarters in Birmingham, was honored in the corporations category, joining 31 other corporations inducted into the Alabama Engineering Hall of Fame since 1987.
Founded by proclamation of the governor, the State of Alabama Engineering Hall of Fame honors, preserves and perpetuates the outstanding accomplishments and contributions of individuals, projects and corporations/institutions that brought and continue to bring significant recognition to the state.
The Hall of Fame is overseen by engineering colleges and schools at Auburn University, Alabama A&M University, The University of Alabama, Tuskegee University, University of Alabama at Birmingham, University of Alabama in Huntsville and the University of South Alabama.
It is administratively managed through the UA College of Engineering. For more information, visit aehof.eng.ua.edu.
Brian D. Barr has more than 30 years of construction industry experience and a track record of successful project deliveries. He joined Brasfield & Gorrie Birmingham in 1997 and was charged with developing an industrial construction division. Since then, teams under his direction have built more than $5 billion in technically challenging projects across the country, including high-profile projects in Alabama.
A native of Florence, Barr earned a bachelor's in civil engineering from The University of Alabama in 1981. He began his career at Texaco's Central Offshore Engineering Department managing the design and construction process on offshore oil and gas production projects in the Gulf of Mexico, California and the Far East.
After more than four years at Texaco, he attended Stanford University, where he earned a master's degree in civil engineering in 1986, with an emphasis on construction engineering and management. Barr then worked in heavy construction with Dunn Construction and then BEC Industrial and Civil Contractors (now Saiia) before joining Brasfield & Gorrie in 1997.
Since joining Brasfield & Gorrie in 1997, Barr has led the company into new markets while working his way to regional president for the company's operating group that handles such engineering construction projects as water treatment plants, heavy civil works, infrastructure improvements, manufacturing facilities and power plants.
Under Barr's leadership, his region has delivered nearly $1 billion in construction volume over the past four years. In addition, his region has secured high-profile clients including Airbus, Raytheon, Alstom, CSX, BNSF, Boeing, ACIPCO, Mercedes, Honda, Aleris and NASA as well as numerous power clients including American Electric Power, Southern Company, Duke Energy, Cheyenne Power and Florida Power and Light.
His region recently completed such notable projects as the BNSF Railroad Galveston Causeway Vertical Lift Bridge; Airbus Final Assembly Line Hangar; Bryant-Denny Stadium South End Zone Expansion; and Baton Rouge South Treatment Plant Wet Weather Improvements. Notable active projects include the SunTrust Park/Atlanta Braves Stadium exterior infrastructure, NASA Space Launch System Test Stands,= and a greenfield water treatment plant for Huntsville Utilities.
Barr was instrumental in procuring two emergency replacement bridge projects following accidents and fires at Interstate 65 and Interstate 59/20 in downtown Birmingham in 2003 and 2005. Both projects were completed early, resulting in traffic being restored in record time and significant savings to the state.
Barr is also the executive team leader for corporate initiatives regarding Brasfield & Gorrie's approach to risk management. He has been strategic in influencing the culture, processes and best practices.
Beyond his work with Brasfield & Gorrie, Barr demonstrates leadership in the construction industry as a whole. He has served as an active member of several professional organizations, including Associated Builders and Contractors and American Society of Civil Engineers; and is past-president of the National Association of Industrial Office Properties, Economic Development Association of Alabama and Coalition for Regional Transportation.
He is actively involved with UA, serving on the President's Cabinet and The UA College of Engineering as a member of the Leadership Board and Capstone Engineering Society. In 2001, he was named a UA Distinguished Engineering Fellow, and the UA College of Engineering honored him for his contributions in 2004 as Outstanding Alumni.
Throughout his career, Bill L. Harbert built structures across the globe and at home in Alabama, earning a reputation as a premier builder entrusted with projects that changed the skyline and economies of the world.
Along with his legacy of impressive and expansive structures and developments, he founded what became B.L. Harbert International Construction, a rock in Birmingham's construction industry that continues to shape the world.
Born in the Mississippi Delta, Harbert's family moved to Birmingham when he was a child, and he later attended Auburn University, where his studies were interrupted by service in the Army during World War II. He graduated in 1948 from Auburn with a bachelor's degree in civil engineering.
After graduation, he and his brother, John M. Harbert Jr., began careers as civil engineers. Their first job was building a community swimming pool. In 1949, the brothers and friend Ed Dixon formed Harbert Construction Corp. in Birmingham. Harbert served as executive vice president and managed the company's construction operations, both internationally and domestically.
In Alabama, he oversaw the construction of the bulk of the modern Birmingham skyline with such projects as AmSouth Harbert Plaza and SouthTrust Tower. He was also over Red Mountain Expressway, Riverchase Galleria and the Hoover Met Stadium. In Mobile, the company completed the Mobile Convention Center.
Harbert also had an eye for international work, pioneering opportunities worldwide such as many U.S. embassies whose design and construction stand as a representative of America abroad. From 1979 to 1990, Harbert served as the chief operating officer of Harbert International Inc., performing projects in South America, Africa, the Middle East and Asia. In all, he worked in 33 countries on 50 projects.
International projects included building silos next to the Red Sea in Egypt while simultaneously installing collector sewers and pump stations along the Suez Canal. Harbert drilled water wells and distribution pipelines to assist Ethiopian refugees following the civil war. He constructed waste water treatment plants in Puerto Rico and coal facilities in Chile. Harbert built the base of the Kuala Lumpur City Centre, where the largest towers in the world stand. He was also entrusted with building the "upside-down" bridge in Costa Rica on the Pan-American Highway System. His reach through world-wide construction projects far exceeded expectations.
In 1991, he bought the Harbert Corp.'s international operations, renaming it Bill Harbert International Construction Inc. He served as chairman and CEO until his retirement in 2000. The company continues in Birmingham with his son, Billy Harbert, at the helm. It still has an international and domestic presence.
Harbert, who passed away in 2010, was deeply involved in his profession and community. Among his many roles was president of the Pipe Line Contractors Association and member of the Construction Industry President's Forum. He held position of director, first and second vice president with the International Pipe Line Contractors Association. He was also director of the Birmingham Metropolitan Development Board as well as the Birmingham Area Chamber of Commerce.
He is a 2000 inductee into the Alabama Business Hall of Fame and was inducted into the Associated General Contractors Construction Hall of Fame in 2007.
Over 23 years, Paula Marino has built a reputation for herself in the energy and engineering communities, currently overseeing more than $3 billion in construction projects for a leading power company and actively helping to develop young engineers. As executive vice president of Southern Company's engineering and construction services organization, Marino leads approximately 1,400 individuals responsible for developing new generation and environmental strategy, executing major project design and construction, ensuring technology due diligence and supporting the operation and maintenance of the generating fleet.
Born in Huntsville and raised in Enterprise, Marino graduated from Auburn University with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering in 1992 and went on to earn a master's degree in electrical engineering in 1995. Marino joined Southern Company in 1993 as a distribution engineer for Alabama Power Co. She was promoted to senior engineer for the transmission customer service department before transitioning to Southern Company Services in 2000, where she was named assistant to the president of Southern Company Generation and Energy Marketing. In this role she was a key leader in forming Southern Power Co. and managed the chief production officer's budget.
In 2001, she became planning and engineering services manager for engineering and construction services, where she developed a new organization to manage the business side of engineering. She was then named environmental and retrofit projects manager in 2002, where she managed a project portfolio totaling $180 million. In 2004 she served as the design general manager and restructured the organization of 560 employees to maximize efficiency and effectiveness.
She transitioned to Southern Nuclear Co. in 2009, where she was promoted to vice president of engineering. In this role, she provided strategic direction for engineering, project management, supply chain, nuclear fuel, licensing and risk-informed engineering functions. She also improved engineering performance, reduced risk around strategic business initiatives and established a fleet mindset.
Marino returned to Southern Company Services in 2013, when she was promoted to senior vice president of engineering and construction services before another promotion in 2014 to her current role. In addition to overseeing the organization responsible for providing technical expertise and services for Southern Company's power plants, she also recently developed a strategy to transition the work force to meet changing business needs.
A registered Professional Engineer in six states, she an advocate for engineering education, especially as a voice for women pursuing engineering. She serves on Auburn University's Electrical and Computer Engineering Advisory Council and on the Auburn University's Alumni Engineering Council, where she serves as the Public Relations Committee vice-chair. Marino is a member of the Center for Energy Workforce Development board of directors, The University of Alabama at Birmingham Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering Advisory Board and Auburn's Engineering 100 Women Strong group, in addition to participating in numerous other committees and initiatives inside and outside of Southern Company. She has also served on the Electrical Engineering Advisory Boards for Tuskegee University and UA. She has mentored young engineers through such initiatives as iCan, Southern Nuclear North American Young Generation in Nuclear, Society of Women Engineers and Women in Generation, which she created.
Marino is the recipient of numerous awards, including the Auburn University ECE Industrial Advisory Board Outstanding Alumni Award in 2016, the Engineering Council of Birmingham Engineering Leadership Award 2015 and the ECOB Engineer of the Year in 2012.
In a career dedicated to exploring space, Todd May has worked on two of the highest profile space projects of his generation, along the way becoming the most senior NASA official in Alabama. May is director of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, managing a broad spectrum of human spaceflight, science and technology development missions contributing to the nation's space program.
A native of Fairhope, May graduate from Auburn University with a bachelor's degree in materials engineering in 1990. He joined NASA at Marshall soon after as an engineer in the Materials and Processes Laboratory.
Four years later, he was deputy program manager of the Russian Integration Office for the International Space Station at Johnson Space Center in Houston and subsequently given the task of integrating, launching and commissioning the ISS Quest airlock module.
After demonstrating both engineering and management success on the ISS, May led development of several high-visibility scientific experiments at NASA. He joined the Gravity Probe B mission to test Einstein's general theory of relativity. With a successful launch, he moved on to head the Discovery and New Frontiers Science Program, with the responsibility for Space Solar Science experiments throughout NASA and the scientific community. He went on to work as associate manager for the Constellation Program and was also responsible for non-launch vehicle programs at Marshall.
His success led him to become deputy associate administrator at NASA headquarters in Washington, D.C., from 2007 to 2008. He was over the Science Mission Directorate, responsible for a $5 billion portfolio of robotic programs and projects, including more than 100 spacecraft at various development stages. He returned to Marshall as associate director, technical, to ensure all center activities, processes and policies were consistent with the nation's Space Exploration Policy.
In 2011, May was tapped to be the program manager of the Space Launch System, the nation's ambitious project to build the world's most powerful rocket to carry astronauts on deep space missions to an asteroid and, ultimately, Mars. While at Marshall, he led SLS through a series of milestones, guiding the program through the early concept development phase into the design phase.
While guiding Marshall's largest project, May was selected as deputy director of Marshall in 2015 before being appointed as director of the center in early 2016. He heads one of the NASA's largest field installations with close to a $2.5 billion budget and nearly 6,000 civil service and contractor employees in and around Marshall as well as those as the agency's Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans.
He is a decorated NASA employee, selected for several NASA awards including 2016 AIAA Von Braun Award for Excellence in Space Program Management, Exceptional Achievement Medal, the Presidential Rank Award of Meritorious Executive, Outstanding Leadership Medal and the John W. Hager Award. He is also honored by Auburn University as a Distinguished Engineer.
May is an advocate for human and scientific space exploration and has served as NASA's voice at several high-priority gatherings including the International Astronautical Congress, the AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference, the National Space Society's International Space Development Conference and the first Global Exploration Strategy Workshop.
Over 50 years, H. Stuart Starrett built internationally recognized materials research capabilities in Alabama unmatched in the technical community, leaving his mark in the defense, aerospace and energy industries. His legacy is defined by the groundwork he laid for the Southern Research Institute — a leader in high temperature materials research for aero-propulsion, re-entry systems, heat shields, ground-based turbines, nuclear power and other applications.
Starrett retired in 2006 as director of the mechanics research department at Southern Research Institute in Birmingham and remains an active engineering consultant with SRI. He joined the institute in 1965 after finishing studies in mathematics at the Naval Postgraduate School. Before that, he earned a bachelor's and master's degree in mechanical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1962 and 1964, respectively.
He began his 50-year career at SRI as an associate engineer, becoming head of the Solid Mechanics Section in 1968, head of the Mechanics Division in 1977 and director of the Mechanics Research Department in 1990. Starrett gained an international reputation for his technical expertise in re-entry systems for SLBMs and ICBMs, solid rocket motors, advanced turbine engines, airframes and hot gas filtration for the power generation industry.
His knowledge and technical contributions have helped Alabama become a major player in the defense and power generation arenas, brought many high-paying technical jobs to the Birmingham area and generated more than $175 million in research and development revenue to the region. As an example of his technical capabilities, Stuart developed Southern Research's high temperature materials evaluation laboratories.
The development of new missile flight systems would not have been possible without his technical contributions to advanced materials in extreme environments, which provided a fundamental understanding of materials with complex architectures in non-linear operational regimes. These flight systems serve as the backbone of the United States' defense capabilities.
The technical contributions by Stuart over the past five decades laid the groundwork for Alabama to become one of the technical leaders in the development of hypersonic weapons systems, the next generation of conventional strike weapons Among Starrett's contributions were appointments to numerous planning activities for defense programs, and he participated in several failure investigations to help determine the problem in ground and flight tests by using his abilities in sound engineering and mathematical principles.
He also applied his skills to the U.S. nuclear fleet and was integral to the development of fundamental enabling material technologies and characterization methods necessary for the fielding of these complex extreme environment material challenges.
Along with work in defense and aerospace systems, Starrett helped solve challenging materials problems in the energy industry. He developed systems to filter hot gases from boilers for recovery of the energy in a gas turbine, critical work to assure continued success of Southern Company's and the Department of Energy's Power Systems Development Facility.
A registered Professional Engineer in Alabama, he is a member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, American Mathematical Society and the American Carbon Society.
A leading provider of professional engineering services to public water and wastewater systems over 90 years, Krebs Engineering Inc. has played a critical role in delivering clean, affordable drinking water and improving the water quality in streams for the people of Alabama. Krebs Engineering has a consistent record of developing innovative and effective solutions that balance the long-term technical needs of a community's water and wastewater systems with the best interests of their customers.
Founded in 1926 as Polglaze & Basenburg Engineers, a partnership in Birmingham, the partnership is one of the oldest continuously operated engineering firms in the state. One of the founding members, Richard A. Polgaze, has Alabama Professional Engineer License No. 3. In 1945, Paul B. Krebs joined the firm and soon after was tapped as principal engineer. By 1960, Krebs became the majority owner. With continued growth, the firm became a corporation 11 years later when the name was changed to Paul B. Krebs & Associates Inc.
Since its founding, Krebs Engineering has worked for more than 90 communities in 44 counties across Alabama. Among the projects include several that were key to the progress of the municipal water and wastewater engineering industry in the state such as the first series operation of trickling filters in Opelika in 1950, the first activated sludge wastewater treatment plant in Anniston in 1954, the first advanced (high) rate water filters in Decatur, the first advanced wastewater treatment plant that met enhanced effluent BOD and TSS limits in Decatur in 1966, the first composite water storage tank in Opelika in 1997, the first water resource facility with LEED certified components in Opelika in 2015 and the first Bio-solids Dryer using Bio-gas to fuel the drying process in Albertville in 2015.
Krebs Engineering also pushed for early adoption of other technologies that are the industry standard. In 1996, the firm included ultraviolet light for disinfection and high-rate filtration at the Skinner Wastewater Treatment Plant in Leeds to meet stringent effluent limits required for discharging to a waterway, which is also a water source for the city of Birmingham. The firm also incorporated membrane filtration for production of potable water in Alabaster in 2006.
The W. Warner Williams Water Resource Complex in Opelika, developed by Krebs Engineering, was inducted in the Alabama Engineering Hall of Fame in 2015. The nationally recognized water resource complex enables the treatment facilities to consistently surpass all required drinking water standards.
Other projects that earned recognition include bio-solids improvements for energy recovery in Albertville; a new water treatment plant in Fort Benning, Georgia; expansion and improvement to the wastewater treatment plant in Madison; odor control and process improvements at the wastewater treatment plant in Albertville; master planning for Fort Benning's water system; storm sewer improvements in the Jordan-Hare basin within Auburn University; expansion of the Willis T. Layne Water Treatment Plant in Jasper; the development of the Paul B. Krebs Water Treatment Plant in Anniston; the new Norman R. Skinner Wastewater Treatment Facility in Jefferson County; upgrades to the wastewater treatment plant in Piedmont; and the new Dry Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant in Decatur.


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Sep 19, 2018Blockchain Summit Latam – Bogotá
A conference that seeks to bring the use of Blockchain technology closer to people, explaining the origin, adoption, and potential for Latin America. October 17 & 18
Blockchain Summit Latam (BSL) is a conference that was launched with the focus of congregate, encouraging and adopt the use of Blockchain technology, and the impact that this will have both at a public and private level in the world. The connection between developers and promoters of Blockchain at a Latin American level with regulators and industry leaders is one of the main objectives of this event.
They will have the participation of more than 25 speakers, from different areas of action such as technical, regulatory, commercial, among others. More than 600 participants will attend this two-day event, where the first is focused on developers and startups, with technical days, ending with a Hackathon For the second, business days and regulation, focused on connecting all the players in this industry in Latin America.
Colombia has a cryptoassets market in development, being one of the leaders in adoption in Latin America. Only in LocalBitcoin were traded more than US$ 45 million during the last year. They also have 10 Bitcoin ATMs. During the last year, important projects based on Blockchain have been implemented, highlighting the voting project in Rafael Bernal School in Bogotá. There is an important role of development in Colombia on Blockchain technology.
I'm convinced that the technology can help to the humanity, but first, we need to humanize the technology first, and that is what PIVX does. So I feel very fortunate to be a PIVX Ambassador, having the opportunity and responsibility to share with my fellow citizens, what I have been learned.
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Ambassador - Cancun, PIVX
I believe in the potential blockchain technology has to change the modern societies for the best and being an ambassador is a way to contribute with the adoption of the technology. I enjoy every moment sharing with the local community this tech and believe that LATAM countries can benefit a lot from using it to avoid corruption, banking restrictions, inflation, and other problems with their current monetary systems in the future. Of course, PIVX has a long way to go to be trusted and used every day, this is the hardest task for PIVX growing community but one I believe we can achieve by creating real-world uses, reaching more countries with the UPF and developing projects with the help of the voting system.
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\section{Introduction}
Markov random fields (MRFs) have been widely used for computer vision problems, such as
image segmentation \cite{zhanglei}, surface reconstruction \cite{surface}
and depth inference \cite{depth}. Much of its success attributes to the efficient algorithms,
such as Iterated Conditional Modes \cite{ICM}, and its consideration of both
``data faithfulness'' and ``model smoothness'' \cite{AGSM}.

The HMRF-EM framework was first proposed for segmentation of brain MR images
\cite{HMRF-EM}.
Given an image $\textbf{y}=(y_1,\dots,y_N)$ where each $y_i$ is the intensity of a pixel,
we want to infer a configuration of labels $\textbf{x}=(x_1,\dots,x_N)$ where $x_i \in L$ and $L$
is the set of all possible labels. In a binary segmentation
problem, $L= \lbrace 0,1 \rbrace$. According to the MAP
criterion, we seek the labeling $\textbf{x}^\star$ which satisfies
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:MAP}
\textbf{x}^\star=\underset{\textbf{x}}{\operatorname{argmax}} \; \lbrace
P(\textbf{y}|\textbf{x},\Theta)P(\textbf{x}) \rbrace  .
\end{equation}
The prior probability $P(\textbf{x})$ is a Gibbs distribution, and the joint likelihood
probability is
\begin{eqnarray}
P(\textbf{y}|\textbf{x},\Theta)&=&\prod\limits_i P(y_i|\textbf{x},\Theta) \nonumber \\
&=&\prod\limits_i P(y_i|x_i,\theta_{x_i})  ,
\end{eqnarray}
where $P(y_i|x_i,\theta_{x_i})$ is a Gaussian distribution with parameters
$\theta_{x_i}=(\mu_{x_i},\sigma_{x_i})$.
$\Theta=\lbrace \theta_l | l \in L \rbrace$ is the parameter set, which is obtained
by the EM algorithm.

\section{EM Algorithm}
We use the EM algorithm to estimate the parameter set
$\Theta=\lbrace \theta_l | l \in L \rbrace$. We describe the EM algorithm by the following:
\begin{enumerate}
\item
\textit{Start:} Assume we have an initial parameter set $\Theta^{(0)}$.

\item
\textit{E-step:} At the $t$th iteration, we have $\Theta^{(t)}$, and
we calculate the conditional expectation:
\begin{eqnarray}
Q(\Theta | \Theta^{(t)}) &=& E\left[
\ln P(\textbf{x},\textbf{y}|\Theta) | \textbf{y},\Theta^{(t)}
\right]
\nonumber \\
&=& \sum\limits_{\textbf{x}\in \chi}
P(\textbf{x}|\textbf{y},\Theta^{(t)}) \ln P(\textbf{x},\textbf{y}|\Theta)  ,
\end{eqnarray}
where $\chi$ is the set of all possible configurations of labels.

\item
\textit{M-step:} Now maximize $Q(\Theta | \Theta^{(t)})$
to obtain the next estimate:
\begin{equation}
\Theta^{(t+1)}=\underset{\Theta}{\operatorname{argmax}} \;  Q(\Theta | \Theta^{(t)}) .
\end{equation}
Then let $\Theta^{(t+1)} \rightarrow \Theta^{(t)}$ and repeat from the E-step.
\end{enumerate}

Let $G(z;\theta_l)$ denote a Gaussian distribution function with parameters
$\theta_l=(\mu_l,\sigma_l)$:
\begin{equation}
G(z;\theta_l)=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi\sigma_l^2}} \exp\left(
-\dfrac{(z-\mu_l)^2}{2\sigma_l^2}
\right) .
\end{equation}
We assume that the prior probability can be written as
\begin{eqnarray}
P(\textbf{x})=\dfrac{1}{Z}\exp\left( -U(\textbf{x}) \right) ,
\end{eqnarray}
where $U(\textbf{x})$ is the prior energy function.
We also assume that
\begin{eqnarray}
P(\textbf{y}|\textbf{x},\Theta)&=&
\prod\limits_i P(y_i|x_i,\theta_{x_i}) \nonumber \\
&=& \prod\limits_i G(y_i;\theta_{x_i}) \nonumber \\
&=& \dfrac{1}{Z'}\exp\left( -U(\textbf{y}|\textbf{x}) \right) .
\end{eqnarray}
With these assumptions, the HMRF-EM algorithm is given below:
\begin{enumerate}
\item
Start with initial parameter set $\Theta^{(0)}$.

\item
Calculate the likelihood distribution $P^{(t)}(y_i|x_i,\theta_{x_i})$.

\item
Using current parameter set $\Theta^{(t)}$ to estimate the labels by
MAP estimation:
\begin{eqnarray}
\textbf{x}^{(t)}&=&\underset{\textbf{x}\in \chi}{\operatorname{argmax}} \; \lbrace
P(\textbf{y}|\textbf{x},\Theta^{(t)})P(\textbf{x}) \rbrace \nonumber \\
&=&\underset{\textbf{x}\in \chi}{\operatorname{argmin}} \; \lbrace
U(\textbf{y}|\textbf{x},\Theta^{(t)})+U(\textbf{x}) \rbrace  .
\end{eqnarray}
The algorithm for the MAP estimation is discussed in Section \ref{section:MAP}.

\item
Calculate the posterior distribution for all $l\in L$ and all pixels $y_i$:
\begin{eqnarray}
P^{(t)}(l | y_i)=\dfrac{G(y_i;\theta_l)P(l | x_{N_i}^{(t)})}{P^{(t)}(y_i)} ,
\end{eqnarray}
where $x_{N_i}^{(t)}$ is the neighborhood configuration of $x_i^{(t)}$, and
\begin{equation}
P^{(t)}(y_i)=\sum\limits_{l\in L}G(y_i;\theta_l)P(l | x_{N_i}^{(t)}) .
\end{equation}
Note here we have
\begin{eqnarray}
P(l | x_{N_i}^{(t)}) &=&
\dfrac{1}{Z}\exp \left( -\sum\limits_{j\in N_i} V_c(l,x_j^{(t)})\right) .
\end{eqnarray}

\item
Use $P^{(t)}(l | y_i)$ to update the parameters:
\begin{eqnarray}
\mu_l^{(t+1)}&=&\dfrac{\sum\limits_{i}P^{(t)}(l|y_i)y_i}{\sum\limits_{i}P^{(t)}(l|y_i)}  , \\
(\sigma_l^{(t+1)})^2&=&
\dfrac{\sum\limits_{i}P^{(t)}(l|y_i)(y_i-\mu_l^{(t+1)})^2}{\sum\limits_{i}P^{(t)}(l|y_i)}  .
\end{eqnarray}
\end{enumerate}

\section{MAP Estimation}
\label{section:MAP}
In the EM algorithm, we need to solve for $\textbf{x}^\star$ that minimizes the total
posterior energy
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:MAP2}
\textbf{x}^{\star}
=\underset{\textbf{x}\in \chi}{\operatorname{argmin}} \; \lbrace
U(\textbf{y}|\textbf{x},\Theta)+U(\textbf{x}) \rbrace
\end{equation}
with given $\textbf{y}$ and $\Theta$, where the likelihood energy is
\begin{eqnarray}
U(\textbf{y}|\textbf{x},\Theta)&=&
\sum\limits_{i} U(y_i|x_i,\Theta) \nonumber \\
&=& \sum\limits_{i} \left[
\dfrac{(y_i-\mu_{x_i})^2}{2\sigma_{x_i}^2}+\ln \sigma_{x_i} \right] .
\end{eqnarray}
The prior energy function $U(\textbf{x})$ has the form
\begin{equation}
U(\textbf{x})=\sum\limits_{c\in C} V_c(\textbf{x}) ,
\end{equation}
where $V_c(\textbf{x})$ is the clique potential and $C$ is the set of all possible cliques.

In the image domain, we assume that one pixel has at most 4 neighbors: the pixels in
its 4-neighborhood. Then the clique potential is defined on pairs of neighboring pixels:
\begin{eqnarray}
V_c(x_i,x_j)=\dfrac{1}{2}(1-I_{x_i,x_j}) ,
\end{eqnarray}
where
\begin{equation}
I_{x_i,x_j}=
\left\{\begin{array}{c}
0 \qquad \textrm{if $x_i \neq x_j$}\\
1 \qquad \textrm{if $x_i = x_j$}
\end{array}\right. .
\end{equation}

We have developed an iterative algorithm to solve (\ref{eq:MAP2}):
\begin{enumerate}
\item
To start with, we have an initial estimate $\textbf{x}^{(0)}$, which is from the
previous loop of the EM algorithm.

\item
\label{item:MAP_iter}
Provided $\textbf{x}^{(k)}$, for all $1\leq i\leq N$, we find
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:MAP_iter}
x_i^{(k+1)}=
\underset{l \in L}{\operatorname{argmin}} \; \lbrace
U(y_i | l)+\sum\limits_{j\in N_i} V_c(l,x_j^{(k)})
\rbrace  .
\end{equation}

\item
Repeat step \ref{item:MAP_iter} until $U(\textbf{y}|\textbf{x},\Theta)+U(\textbf{x})$ converges
or a maximum $k$ is achieved.
\end{enumerate}

\begin{table*}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
File & Type &
Usage
\\ \hline
\multirow{2}{*}{{\tt demo.m}} & \multirow{2}{*}{Runnable script} &
A demo showing how to use the toolbox. \\ & & Users can run this file directly. \\ \hline
\multirow{2}{*}{{\tt image\_kmeans.m}} & \multirow{2}{*}{Function} &
The k-means algorithm for 2D images. \\ & &
This will generate an initial segmentation. \\ \hline
{\tt HMRF\_EM.m} & Function & The HMRF-EM algorithm. \\ \hline
{\tt MRF\_MAP.m} & Function & The MAP algorithm. \\ \hline
{\tt gaussianBlur.m} & Function & Blurring an image using Gaussian kernel. \\ \hline
{\tt gaussianMask.m} & Function & Obtaining the mask of Gaussian kernel. \\ \hline
{\tt ind2ij.m} & Function & Index to 2D image coordinates conversion. \\ \hline
{\tt BoundMirrorExpand.m} & Function & Expanding an image. \\ \hline
{\tt BoundMirrorShrink.m} & Function & Shrinking an image. \\ \hline
{\tt Beijing World Park 8.JPG} & Image & An example input image.
\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{Name and usage of each file in the {\tt \textit{HMRF-EM-image}} toolbox. }
\label{table:toolbox}
\end{table*}

\section{Edge-Prior-Preserving Image Segmentation}
To use HMRF-EM framework for image segmentation, first we generate an
initial segmentation using k-means clustering on the gray-level intensities of pixels.
The initial segmentation provides the initial labels $\textbf{x}^{(0)}$ for the MAP algorithm, and
the initial parameters $\Theta^{(0)}$ for the EM algorithm. Then we run the EM algorithm, and
the resulting label configuration $\textbf{x}$ will be a refined segmentation result.

Now we would like our segmentation to preserve the edges obtained by
some edge detection algorithm, such as Canny edge detection \cite{Canny}, Sarkar-Boyer edge detection \cite{Sarkar}, or Berkeley's contour detection \cite{berkeley}.
Assume we have a binary edge map $\textbf{z}$, where $z_i=1$ if the $i$th pixel is on an edge,
and $z_i=0$ if not. Then we modify (\ref{eq:MAP_iter}) to
\begin{equation}
x_i^{(k+1)}=
\underset{l \in L}{\operatorname{argmin}} \; \lbrace
U(y_i | l)+\sum\limits_{j\in N_i, z_j=0} V_c(l,x_j^{(k)})
\rbrace .
\end{equation}

\begin{figure*}
  \centering
  \subfloat[]
  {\includegraphics[width=0.27\textwidth]{Beijing_World_Park_8} }
  \quad
  \subfloat[]
  {\includegraphics[width=0.27\textwidth]{edge} }
  \quad
  \subfloat[]
  {\includegraphics[width=0.27\textwidth]{blurred_image} }
   \quad
  \subfloat[]
  {\includegraphics[width=0.27\textwidth]{initial_labels} }
   \quad
  \subfloat[]
  {\includegraphics[width=0.27\textwidth]{final_labels} }
   \quad
  \subfloat[]
  {\includegraphics[width=0.4\textwidth]{curve1} }
  \caption{Edge-prior-preserving image segmentation results.
  (a) Original image.
  (b) Canny edges.
  (c) Gaussian blurred image.
  (d) Initial labels obtained by k-means, where $k=2$.
  (e) Final labels obtained by HMRF-EM algorithm.
  (f) Total posterior energy in each iteration of the EM algorithm.
  }
  \label{fig:tower}
\end{figure*}

\section{Experiment Results}
We run our HMRF-EM edge-prior-preserving segmentation algorithm on example images. The
binary edge map $\textbf{z}$ is obtained by performing Canny edge detection \cite{Canny} on the original image, and the observation $\textbf{y}$ is obtained by performing Gaussian blur on
the original image. Some results are shown in Figure \ref{fig:tower}. We can see that the initial labels
obtained by the k-means algorithm are not smooth enough, have morphological holes, and do not preserve the
Canny edges. The HMRF refined labels overcome all these disadvantages. With 10 EM iterations and
10 MAP iterations, the segmentation of a $600 \times 338$ image takes about
40 seconds on a 2.53GHz Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU.

\section{Toolbox Documentation}
We provide the name and usage of each file in our  {\tt MATLAB} toolbox
{\tt HMRF-EM-image} in Tabel \ref{table:toolbox}.
The {\tt U\_X.m} file can be modified to re-define pixel neighborhood relationships,
and the {\tt U\_l.m} file can be modified to re-define the clique potentials.
To reconfigure this toolbox for 3D image segmentation, the indexing system must be modified in
several files.

\section{Discussion}
Our {\tt HMRF-EM-image} toolbox is an implementation of the hidden Markov random field
and its EM algorithm.
This toolbox is well commented and easy to reconfigure.
We have demonstrated  the effectiveness of our toolbox on a simple example image.
The HMRF model is mainly used to refine the direct
segmentation output of some other algorithms.
To get better segmentation results on more complicated
images, some higher-level features should be used to construct $\textbf{y}$
instead of just pixel intensities, and some more advanced algorithm should be
used to generate the initial labels.

{\small
\bibliographystyle{ieee}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
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Entering the Next Phase of Digital Transformation
Bain Partners Greg Caimi and Elizabeth Spaulding explain how companies can compete in a world of constant innovation and disruption.
By Greg Caimi
As the pace of change accelerates, companies need to continually innovate to stay ahead of the competition. Greg Caimi and Elizabeth Spaulding, partners with Bain's Digital practice, describe how businesses can orchestrate a digital transformation to scale innovation throughout the organization.
Read the Bain Brief: Scaling Your Digital Transformation
Read the transcript below.
ELIZABETH SPAULDING: It's great to be together here in beautiful Hong Kong and have a chance to actually sit back and reflect on what we've been observing the last five years as we've been building our digital practice.
One of the things that I feel like our clients had been asking for is really how to play catch-up in a world that has been so heavily disrupted and continues to move at a new pace of change. And so a lot of the questions, and frankly a lot of the capabilities that we've been building, have been about helping create new infrastructure. But what's really starting to change, and what I think is really exciting, is more of a focus on innovation and sort of second-engine, next-wave and really going on offense.
GREG CAIMI: Yeah, I think that's true. I actually think if you start to look at industries where leaders have differentiated themselves from laggards, you will see things like, for example, in wealth management, a bunch of disrupters entered the space, gained share, but now incumbent companies are actually leveraging some of their assets to regain the offensive.
ELIZABETH SPAULDING: Yeah. I think one of the questions that we often get: how do you really orchestrate a transformation, and how do you scale and move quickly?
GREG CAIMI: If the prior period was one where incumbents really viewed scale as sort of a stumbling block or an impediment to growth and innovation, now a lot of them are waking up to the fact that these assets can be real competitive differentiators for them. Things like new funding models. If an incumbent wanted to, they could fund and grow innovation much more rapidly than a start-up could. They don't have to go to the venture markets or anything to raise money, and innovative companies have actually found ways to kind of replicate venture funding within their own portfolios. They unlock rounds of funding to grow innovation and push it forward.
ELIZABETH SPAULDING: One interesting point on that one. I feel like that question is coming up a lot lately, and not just the funding and the access to capital, but also, almost, how do you separate things? You know, one of the questions we often find is if you're trying to start something new, how do you prevent it from entering the creosote zone, so to speak? That part right around the cactus where things basically die. So, things are too close to that core business that are more disruptive, more in exploration vs. exploitation - there's really a lot of risk to that. So we would experiment with both ways, I think, in the past; now we really know that separation is quite important.
GREG CAIMI: And it's interesting because then you are able to leverage some of your nonfinancial assets. You can take advantage of things like a strong brand, like a set of customer relationships, like a deep wealth of data, because it's far enough away from the core business that you're not worried about disrupting that business, but you're actually able to build something new.
The other issue I think that's much more clearly articulated now than it was probably five years ago is the role that the ecosystem can actually play in innovation.
ELIZABETH SPAULDING: Yeah, absolutely. So there are some things that are not the core of that they need to actually tap the extra market for. You know, as we have engaged in building our Bain Innovation Exchange, where we're bringing together venture funds, start-ups and our corporate clients with the intent of helping the right kind of matchmaking between them to find those opportunities, we've seen just the power of that. One of the areas of power I feel like we see is the corporates sort of seeing the future, and then being able to capitalize on that so much more quickly rather than simply trying to figure that out themselves. And back to the funding point, with such a flush capital going into venture, it's just creating a lot of opportunities and almost de-risking if you can find things a little further along, real technologies that are ready to scale vs. trying to build that from scratch.
GREG CAIMI: So, as we look forward to the next five years, what is something to keep in mind?
ELIZABETH SPAULDING: Well, I think actually I would just go back to that last topic, would be the one for me, is really the power of the ecosystem and that being a central part of that next phase of the digital transformation. How about you Greg?
GREG CAIMI: The point that stands out for me is just with the foundation laid, with some of these critical elements in place, it's really a time for incumbents to think about going on offense, to actually start to disrupt disrupters in their own space. And we've seen examples of it, and I think we'll see a lot more future.
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