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How a horse trainer got to publish research with Temple Grandin
Mark Deesing talks about what he's learned in the field – and how Grandin helped him turn it into scientific knowledge
By Alison Bert, DMA Posted on 3 June 2013
Since high school, Mark Deesing has worked closely with horses, shoeing them and later training hunter/jumpers. His experience led him to observe that the position of the hair whorls on their foreheads often correlates with their temperament.
"I first heard of it in folklore," he said. "American Indians believed they could predict the temperament of a horse by the whorl on its head. "Beduoin tribesman valued hair whorls as a means of predicting personality and performance traits in hourses 2,000 years ago. And the Chinese have looked at hair whorls in their children for thousands of years."
Over time, he started to see a pattern. "I saw that some trends existed in that the higher the whorl was on the forehead, the more high-strung and fearful the horse was," Deesing said. "But I wasn't completely convinced because it doesn't hold true all the time."
That was three decades ago in his hometown of Salt Lake City, Utah. After high school, he didn't have the money to attend college, so he started working as a horse shoer, or farrier, as they call it in the business.
"At the time, I didn't really understand the interaction between genetic influences and environment and how those forces interact to shape behavior," he said.
For example, he pointed out that horses with the high hair whorls are not always high strung. "If he's raised gently, his true temperament will be masked by experience – but it's only masked and not changed by experience," he said. "That's another thing that we've learned from the neuroscience literature. If you expose an animal to novelty, his true temperament shows. That's because neurosystem reactivity is genetically based."
Soon he noticed a more consistent correlation that convinced him there was something to this theory of hair whorls. And it changed the way he worked: As a farrier, you shoe both sides of a horse … and they are often easier to handle on one side or the other. Most horses exhibit this kind of behavior. When they resist having someone pick up their feet, I found that most of the time, the hair whorl will be on the same side the horse was difficult.
Also, every horse trainer will tell you that horses prefer to turn in one direction and are reluctant to turn in another direction. There are many examples of handedness in a horse.
This observation became very useful for my ability to approach a horse and train it. If I saw the whorl was on the left side of the horse's head and it gave me some trouble, I would switch sides and go to the other side. That tended to make my job safer because usually by the time I got through shoeing the easy side, the horse was more cooperative on the difficult side.
Getting support for his 'hair-brained' idea
Deesing spent the next 10 years studying this phenomenon on his own. "I hardly shared it with anyone because I thought they'd think I was crazy," he said. "But I was determined to get some support and maybe even go to college."
He contacted professors around the United States to no avail. "One professor kicked me out of his office and told me it was a stupid hair-brained idea," he recalled and laughed.
Then in 1993, a professor at Colorado State University invited him to speak to his equine behavior class. Although the professor was not convinced of his ideas, one of his students was, Deesing said. A graduate student named Mary Tanner approached him after class and asked him what he wanted to do with his ideas
"I said, 'I want to do research; I want to study hair whorls, or I want someone to do the research if I don't do it myself.'
"And she said, 'I know somebody you ought to meet.'
An impromptu meeting with Temple Grandin
"Mary walked me across the street to the animal science building and introduced me to Temple. It was a complete stroke of luck, because I didn't know Temple — I'd never even heard of her.
"I remember that first conversation like it was yesterday," he said:
I talked straight for 45 minutes, and Temple never once made eye contact with me. She was fumbling with papers and looking at her mail and all this other stuff that just made me think that, 'Oh, God, she's not even listening.' I was totally frustrated.
Then finally she looked up and said to me, 'I don't know what the hell you're talking about but it's interesting, and I'm in. What do you want to do? How do you want to study this?' I was just blown away.
Over the next few months, they talked on the phone. Deesing realized that to get this project underway, he would have to be there. "So I gave up everything I had worked for for 15 years in Salt Lake and moved over here and started working with Temple, doing research."
When he shared his observations with Dr. Grandin about hair whorls and animals' fear tendencies, he didn't know the underlying cause, and she hadn't heard of anything about this. So she gave him his first assignment.
'Has anyone done this before?'
"The first chore she gave me was to go to the library and study and find out if anybody else had ever looked at something like this – and also to find out about the developmental process of hair whorls," he said. "Well right away we struck gold in that pediatricians had looked at hair whorls in children for decades."
Deesing explained that people all have hair whorls, or cowlicks, on the backs of their heads, and pediatric studies have shown that children with various developmental disabilities often have abnormal scalp hair patterns.
"What they found was that the hair and the brain formed from the same fetal cell layer," Deesing said. "So early in gestation – about 10 weeks when the brain is beginning to form – hair follicles form on the scalp at the same time. As the brain grows and forms, hair whorls are interpreted as a point of stretch over the underlying structures of the brain."
Those early studies gave Temple the motivation to proceed with his idea. But instead of using horses – which are hard to find in larger numbers with the same experiences and genetics – Dr. Grandin suggested they use cattle.
"Temple Grandin on new edition of Genetics and the Behavior of Domestic Animals"
Science confirms observations
Their first project was a double-blind study observing the level of agitation cattle exhibit in a squeeze chute during routine husbandry procedures, in relation to the animal's hair whorl. It was published in Elsevier's Applied Animal Behavior Science journal in 1995.
Their second study looked at the position of the hair whorls in relation to right- or left- "handedness" in cattle – observing 1,670 dairy cows over a year to see which turned to the left and which to the right when entering the milking parlor. Tanner, who introduced them, was one of the co-authors. The abstract was published in the The Journal of Animal Science in 1994.
At the heart of this research is the significance of specialized functions of brain's cerebral hemispheres, Deesing explains:
Once thought to be a uniquely human trait, specialized function of the cerebral hemispheres is common in both vertebrate and invertebrate species. In essence, the left side of the brain is geared toward social interaction and food finding (approach behavior); the right side is geared to detect danger (avoidance behavior). These specialized functions evolved in animals such as horses and cattle, allowing them to graze and simultaneously be on guard for danger.
Both studies confirmed Deesing's observations.
In 1994, they also reviewed data and studies on associations between hair whorl patterns and performance in horses. They found in increase in double hair whorls on horses that were more reactive — but also with those who were high performers. In fact the percentage of double whorls in racing and jumping horses was nearly double the percentage found in all other samples they found in the literature.
Deesing went on to work with Dr. Grandin on the first edition of Genetics and the Behavior of Domestic Animals, published in 1997 — and the second edition, which will be released tomorrow.
These and other findings about hair whorls are detailed in Chapter 7, "Behavior Genetics of the Horse (Equus caballus)," for which Deesing is the lead author. The chapter delves into the science of hair whorls in horses, cattle, guide dogs and humans – and the practical use of this knowledge.
Practical applications for animal training
Deesing stressed that their scientific observations have important practical applications. For example, in Chapter 7, there's a section on guide dogs and hair whorls and "handedness."
Dogs are both left- and right-handed, he explained, and this has an influence on their selection as guide dogs for the blind because the dogs are trained to work on a person's left side. He cited a 2012 study in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research that showed that success was higher for right-preferent and ambidextrous dogs, and that the presence of a whorl on the dog's left side of the head and thorax was associated with a right visual bias.
A dominant right eye is preferable because the dog's right eye is on the side of the person he is guiding, whereas when the left eye is dominant, the dog can be more easily distracted by things going on to its left.
"That's one example of how practical this work is," he said. "It costs thousands and thousands of dollars to teach a dog to be a guide dog for the blind, and now they have a way to look at the hair whorls on the dog to predict what eye is dominant and which dogs are going to be the best suited for this type of training."
Also, he said, this knowledge can help horse trainers make sure their animals are "balanced." With show-jumping horses, for example, the horses have to making quick jumps to both the right and the left. Knowing the weak side of the horse, which can be determined by the hair whorl, would enable him to spend more time on that side to balance the horse out.
Ultimately it comes down to fear: "If horses are difficult to shoe on one side, it's usually fear-related. They're afraid of having you over on that side. And if they don't turn well going left or right on a show-jumping course, it's usually because they are afraid of the novelty and want to keep their good side to the outside," he explained.
A job that pays the rent
Doing academic research didn't pay the bills, however, so Deesing decided he would to return to Salt Lake City and go back to working as horse trainer.
"I mentioned that to Temple one day and she said, 'Oh no you're not – you're staying right here.' She said, 'What's going to take to keep you here?' and I said, 'Well a job would be nice.'"
In addition to his behavior consulting work with horses and cattle, Dr. Grandin taught him to do design work for her company Grandin Livestock Handling Systems. Now he travels around the world as a designer and consultant "doing the work that Temple doesn't have time to do anymore." He designs new facilities and troubleshoots existing facilities to make sure they meet animal welfare standards, using an objective auditing system Dr. Grandin developed for the American Beef Industry. He also trains handlers how to use the facilities to keep animals calm, including basics like where to stand and how to move.
Deesing, who was headed off to have lunch with Dr. Grandin after this interview, credits her with enabling him to realize a dream by researching his ideas scientifically.
"I learned what I know in the field," he said, "and Temple always defended me by saying that people who work in the field often observe things that scientists sitting in offices don't see.
"For me it's just been something I have always wanted to do. I just set out to know whether I was right – I didn't care about anything else. But it's turned out to be a very valuable observation that has a lot of practical applications."
Elsevier Connect Author
Alison Bert (@AlisonBert) is Editor-in-Chief of Elsevier Connect. She joined Elsevier five years ago from the world of journalism, where she was a business reporter and blogger for The Journal News, a Gannett daily newspaper in New York. In the previous century, she was a classical guitarist on the music faculty of Syracuse University. She received a doctorate in music from the University of Arizona, was a Fulbright Scholar in Spain and performed in the 1986 master class of Andres Segovia.
5 Archived Comments
Henry Stevens June 6, 2013 at 11:18 pm
A very interesting observation and study which I, as a horse trainer for polo, will investigate. It would certainly make life a little easier if we can eliminate a behavioural trait from our analysis of a particular horse.
Ginny December 20, 2013 at 6:40 pm
Many years ago, in the late '60's early 70's I participated in a similar study by the Pacific Coast Equestrian Research Farm. Head of that was Linda Tellington Jones. (author of the T-Touch information). Linda came up with the same results and published her findings in her monthly journal. You might want to check into that information.
mark deesing December 20, 2013 at 10:01 pm
Linda Tellington-Jones published the results of a questionnaire survey of 1500 horses, however, the conclusions of the authors offered no statistical evidence.
Shelley NC December 21, 2013 at 10:33 am
Been studying whorls on the face for a while. Have a theory and test it whilst playing with horses Horsemanship style with my students horses, then I check by looking at the horses face to see if my thoughts on where the whorls are through watching their behaviour at play...works most times that I'm right ;) love whorl-ology ;)
ellen meyer January 3, 2014 at 11:51 pm
Deesing provided insight from a perspective of seeing horses show subtle clues. No doubt he paid attention to differences in manor. I admire Deesing for challenging his curiosity. Hooking up to research with Temple Grandin will catapult a new chapter in human behavior.


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Undaunted by cancer, Carrasco wins Clemente for charity work
Carlos Carrasco didn't let cancer stop him from helping others. It inspired him to do more
By AP October 25 2019 - 13:28 HS
Carlos Carrasco didn't let cancer stop him from helping others. It inspired him to do more. The Cleveland Indians' pitcher, who was diagnosed with a treatable form of leukemia in May, has won the 2019 Roberto Clemente Award. It is given annually by Major League Baseball to recognize a player's high character, community involvement and positive contributions.
Despite being sick and sidelined for months during this season, Carrasco's positive attitude never wavered and his efforts never slowed. The 32-year-old frequently visited children fighting the disease at area hospitals while receiving medical treatment for his own illness.
.@Cookie_Carrasco is an inspiration and the 2019 Roberto Clemente Award winner. pic.twitter.com/jZYdQxQxT4
— MLB (@MLB) October 25, 2019
"It's something that I love to do, helping a lot of kids and families," said Carrasco, a father of five.
Each of baseball's 30 teams submitted a nominee for the Clemente Award. Carrasco was chosen by a panel that included Commissioner Rob Manfred, Clemente's widow, Vera, and media members.
Carrasco will be presented with the award Friday night before Game 3 of the World Series in Washington. On Saturday, he'll be on the field during Game 4 to participate in baseball's "Stand Up To Cancer" campaign, something he did during a tribute during July's All-Star Game in Cleveland.
Carrasco is the third Indians player to win the award, joining Hall of Famer Jim Thome (2002) and Andre Thornton (1979).
MLB has honored players for their philanthropic efforts since 1971. The award is named for the 15-time All-Star killed in a plane crash on New Year's Eve 1972 while attempting to deliver supplies to earthquake victims in Nicaragua.
The whole baseball world has been rooting for you, @Cookie_Carrasco.#CookieStrong ��❤ pic.twitter.com/7ZIx06ZIcQ
In the past year, Carrasco and his wife, Karry, have provided box lunches to the homeless in Tampa, Florida. They've given scholarships to single mothers and traveled to Africa, distributing shoes, shirts and backpacks to children.
Carrasco's most passionate endeavor, however, has been helping those in his native Venezuela. He's donated toys at Christmas and money for food and medical supplies to a country in a political crisis that has forced millions to flee.
But it was in Cleveland, where the popular right-hander had an equally profound impact.
Carrasco, who was traded to the Indians from Philadelphia in 2009, began visiting hospitals in 2014. After one visit, he said one of his daughters cut off some hair and told him, "just give it to the kids."
It moved Carrasco to want to help in any way he could.
"My wife was looking at me and we almost started crying," he said. "Everything started from there."
Carrasco could have never imagined that one day he would be fighting cancer just like those kids. He had felt fatigued for months before tests revealed he had chronic myeloid leukemia, a cancer of the blood and bone marrow.
He was forced to leave baseball to face a perhaps life-threatening affliction. During his battle, Carrasco has been lifted by his teammates and has drawn strength from his hospital visits.
"I told them, all those kids and teenagers and families there, if I can do it, they can do it, too," he said. "So never give up and just keep it strong."
Carrasco was determined to pitch again this season, and he returned after more than three months away in relief on Sept. 3 in Tampa, where he has an offseason home. Carrasco said he's feeling "great" and has been running and throwing with the goal of being ready for spring training.
And while he hopes to help the Indians, Carrasco wants to leave a legacy outside the foul lines.
"The way that I want the people to remember me is like a great human being, great person, as a great player, too," he said. "That is more important. Baseball is not forever."
Yoenis Céspedes loses more than 20 million in pay cut

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Limba spaniolă este singura limbă oficială pe tot teritoriul Spaniei. Încă patru limbi au statut cooficial, la nivelul unor regiuni. Acestea sunt, catalana, galiciana, basca (euskera) și araneza.
Limba spaniolă (sau casteliană) este oficială în toată Spania.
Limba catalană/valenciană/baleară - în Catalonia, Valencia, Insulele Baleare. Mai este vorbită și in zone din estul provinciei Aragon, fără statut oficial.
Limba galiciană este oficială în Galicia.
Limba bască este oficială în Țara Bascilor (País Vasco) și o parte din Navarra.
Limba araneză - oficială in Val d'Aran (nord-vestul Cataloniei).

Sunt recunoscute ca limbi istorice și limba asturiană (Asturia și câteva zone din Castilia și Leon) și limba aragoneză (nordul Aragonului).

Limbile Europei

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Marilyn Brown grew up in a home full of music, thanks in large part to her father's career as a band director. She was hired by the Yenny Music store for 25 years, which was in fact the store her father called on for many years. After the store was sold she was hired by the Music Centers Inc. for ten years, serving as the sheet music buyer for all of their fourteen locations. During that time she began attending RPMDA conventions and felt she benefited greatly from being part of the music community that she describes as a family. She retired from the music industry to travel with her husband only to miss her customers so much that in 2013 she was talked into working a few mornings a week for Music & Arts. Marilyn is also involved with promoting the innovative flash cards and other products of Berets Publications.


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Home » Islamic World » Inistitution » The Imam Ali Seminary, Sanford, Florida, USA
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The Imam Ali Seminary, Sanford, Florida, USA
Website: http://imamaliseminary.org
About the Imam Ali Seminary (IAS)
"I am the city of knowledge and Ali is its gate!"
Prophet Muhammad (s).
The Imam Ali Seminary is named after Imam Ali (a) the first infallible Imam after Prophet Muhammad. He was a unique person in every facet of life. From being a great warrior who was never defeated to an illustrious general who never lost, and from being a remarkable statesman to a teacher of wisdom, philosophy and morality who was known for his worship and piety, he was indeed a complete role model. And it is from this great personality that the seminary gets its inspiration and guiding spirit.
The faith, values, morals and virtues expressed in Imam Ali's life stand in sharp contrast to the disintegrating codes of conduct in today's world. And this is what Imam Ali Seminary wishes to revive through teaching Islam in the unique traditional methodology that has been handed down to us by the Imams.
History of the Imam Ali Seminary
The Imam Ali Seminary was established in 2009 as a non-profit organization for higher Islamic studies. With the financial help of a few dedicated believers, the seminary saw took its first steps.
The first batch of 6 students arrived in March 2010 and the first year of studies began with Maulana Mohammad Baig as the only teacher.
The first year of studies, with all the challenges a new institution faces, were incredibly successful. The progression of the students in the field of Arabic and grammer as well as Fiqh and Mantiq (logic) was reassuring.
2011 saw the second teacher added to the faculty. Maulana Ali Rasheed was added as the second permanent teacher in the 2011-2012 academic year.
The second year of the seminary added 6 new students who arrived at the seminary in September 2011. With the second year students occupying the second building on the premises, the school had reached its maximum capacity of 12 students.
First Graduation
The first graduation ceremony of Imam Ali Seminary took place on June 30th 2012 at the 8th Annual Muslim Congress in Dearborn, Michigan. The graduating class of 2012 consisted of four students. The students were given the Diploma by Hujjatul Islam Ghulam Hurr Shabbiri.
Blessed is the society that has such bearers of knowledge. For truly the job of warning the people and rectifying their ways and giving them a purpose cannot be achieved without having people who hold the light of Allah's knowledge in their hearts. The howza Ilmiyya is the institute where this knowledge is given from one person to another, from one generation to another.
The purpose of the Seminary is to educate and prepare its students to lead the people through education and example whereby preparing the grounds for the coming of our awaited Imam, Imam Mahdi (a), the fulfillment of God's promise.
In pursuing its purpose and mission, the seminary incorporates into its programs the spiritual, personal, intellectual, and professional components of a rigorous theological education, essential for effective Islamic scholarship.
Imam Ali Seminary's educational program bears witness to the beliefs, heritage and practices of Islam as thought by the Holy Prophet Muhammad (s) and expounded by his holy Ahlul Baith (his progeny).
The Imam Ali Seminary is located on a pristine 6 acre property in Sanford. Sanford is situated to the north of Orlando in Central Florida and is home to the Husseini Islamic Center.
The Property itself faces the beautiful Lake Minnie which affords the students a great surrounding for studies and their spiritual growth. The property also has a basketball court and a volleyball court.
There are three buildings on the seminary grounds. The first one serves as the dormitory for the junior students with the adjacent classroom. This building can house eight students. The library is also situated in this building.
The second building serves as the dormitory for the Senior students. The senior classroom and the Seminary office are also situated here. This building can house four students.
The third building serves as the residence for the Dean.
The residence for the female students is off-campus. It is situated in a gated community approximately 1 mile from the Seminary. There is room for 6 female students.
The location of the seminary is very close to many shopping places including Walmart, Big Lots, CVS and Walgreens which are all in walking distance.
Hujjatul Islam Maulana Mirza Mohammad Baig
The Howza Ilmiyya
The Howza Ilmiyya (the institution of learning formulated by our Imams) has been the focal point of every Islamic movement since the time of Imam Ja'far Sadiq (a). It is the method of learning and the spiritual environment that is unique to this institute by which many a great scholar and leaders have risen. The great howzas like that in Najaf and in Qom are living testimonies of this.
The growth and establishment of Islam in the society must be done through knowledge. Not just any knowledge but the knowledge of Allah and His sacred message. Only through such knowledge can humans grow out of their material existence and reach the sublime happiness of God's grace. This knowledge does not exist in books but must be carried in the hearts of its bearers. What exists in books are the words that describe this knowledge, but it is the heart of its bearer that makes the knowledge a reality.
One of the greatest Shi'ah scholars to have lived was Shaykh al-Tusi (385 AH/995 CE – 460 AH/1067 CE). He established the Hawza 'Ilmiyya in Najaf (Iraq) which remained the main centre of learning for the Shi'ahs for over 1000 years until its decline in the last century. With the decline of Najaf, the city of Qum (Iran) rose to prominence and remains to date as the primary centre of traditional Islamic learning for Shi'ahs today.
The Lingua Franca at Hawzas
With the shift of the primary Hawzas from Najaf to Qum, the influence of Iran was inevitable. As a result, there now are an equal, if not more, number of Shi'ah Islamic resources produced in Persian (Farsi) as there are in Arabic, although the original sources (Qur'an and Hadith) continue to be preserved and studied in Arabic.
On this site you will find Hawza lectures in both Arabic and Farsi presented by some of the leading scholars in Qum today. We have also provided some material in English and will continue to add more lectures as we acquire them.
Hawza Subjects
Most of the traditional subjects taught at a Hawza are interconnected and they supplement each other. For example, one who strives to specialize in Jurisprudence (fiqh) must also study other sciences in depth such as the Principles of Jurisprudence (Usul al-Fiqh), Arabic language and grammar, the Sciences of the Qur'an ('Ulum al-Qur'an), Hadith, Islamic History (Tarikh), Theology (Aqaid), Qur'an Exegesis (Tafsir), Logic (Mantiq), and so on.
Whilst some may study at a Hawza for decades and devote their entire lives to the study and teaching of traditional Islamic sciences, others study for as little as 3-5 years at a Hawza and thereafter return to their hometowns (sometimes as a full-time Islamic missionary [muballigh]) whilst continuing to study on their own. Another common practice in recent years is for young men and women to take 1-3 month crash courses at Hawzas in Iran, especially over their summer holidays.
The need for individuals who are well-rounded in all sciences is also being realized, and so Hawzas today are also introducing secular subjects into their curriculum such as human psychology, sociology, current affairs & political science, English language studies, geography, comparative religions/world religions, western philosophy, and so forth.
This "Hawza Studies" section however is dedicated to the more traditional subjects only, especially since they are not readily available elsewhere. The traditional subjects taught at a Hawza may be divided into the following:
1. Mantiq (Logic)
2. Usul al-Fiqh (Principles of Jurisprudence)
3. Fiqh (Jurisprudence)
4. Tafsir al-Qur'an (Qur'an Exegesis)
5. 'Ulum al-Qur'an (Qur'an Sciences)
6. 'Ilm al-Hadith (The Study of Traditions)
7. 'Ilm ar-Rijal (Science of Narrators)
8. Tarikh (History)
9. Aqaid / Kalam (Theology)
10. Lugha (Language Studies)
11. Falsafa (Islamic Philosophy)
12. 'Irfan (Islamic Mysticism)
Mantiq or Islamic Logic is a similar science to what is called Traditional Logic at Western universities (as opposed to Modern Logic that is taught as a field of Mathematics).
In the past, the text used at hawzas for mantiq was the Sharh al-Mandhumah fil Mantiq by Sabzawari. Whilst this classic text is still taught in some hawzas, the most popular work taught now is the Usul al-Mantiq by Shaykh al-Mudhaffar commonly called "Mantiq al-Mudhaffar".
Mantiq is usually one of the first subjects to be taught at a hawza because it is seen as a 'tool' (rather than an independent science studied for its own sake) that is necessary for correct thinking and deduction when studying all other Islamic sciences. In particular, it is vital in the study of Theology (kalam/aqaid) and is a necessary prerequisite to studying Islamic Philosophy (falsafa). Whilst a superficial knowledge of kalam or falsafa without logic may be beneficial, to truly be grounded in theology, the study of logic is vital.
The famous Muslim philosopher and logician, al-Farabi, defines logic (mantiq) as an instrumental, rule-based science aimed at directing the intellect towards the truth and safeguarding it from error in its acts of reasoning. Al-Farabi also compares logic to tools such as rulers and compasses, which are used to ensure exactness when we measure physical objects subject to the errors of sensation. Like these tools, logical measures can be employed by their users to verify both their own acts of reasoning and the arguments of others. Logic is especially useful and important to guide the intellect when it is faced with the need to adjudicate between conflicting opinions.
For Shi'ahs, not only is logic (mantiq) important in theology and philosophy, but it is a re-occurring theme in Shi'a jurisprudence too (which they refer to as 'aql' (the use of intellect) as a means of deduction, in addition to Qur'an, hadith and ijma). The Sunnis do not employ the use of logic to the same degree (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia) and instead rely on qiyas (reasoning by analogy) which Shi'ahs reject as a form of religious deduction.
With the rise of the Ash'arite school (to which the majority of Sunni Muslims belong today) and with the teachings of individuals like Abu Hamid al-Ghazali and Ibn Taymiyya, the study of logic and philosophy was not favoured amongst the Sunnis; and yet, al-Ghazali too (who wrote against philosophy and is believed to have dealt a lasting blow to its study amongst Muslims) is believed to have said: "man lam ya'rifi al-mantiqa fa laa thiqata lahu fi 'l-uloom" ('whosoever does not know logic, he has no trustworthiness in (the matters) of religious knowledge.') This signifies the status of logic and the importance it should have amongst all Muslims who aspire to be scholars.
Note: Some hawzas may also begin with the primer Khulasat al-Mantiq of Sh. 'Abd al-Hadi Fadli before studying Mantiq al-Mudhaffar.
In the early days of Islam, scholars only relied on the Qur'an and hadith to understand the practical laws of Islam. They grouped all the traditions at their disposal based on jurisprudence issues. It has therefore been said that the early jurist (faqih) was in fact no more than today's expert of hadith (muhadith).
In time though, a jurist had to be skilled in other sciences as well because many practical issues arose that were beyond the scope of just a literal interpretation of the Qur'an and hadith. There was now a need for a science that, for example, discusses not only the jurisprudence content of a Qur'an verse or hadith but also the general principle(s) behind it that jurists could adhere to when deriving other laws on other issues. This science is The Science of the Principles of Jurisprudence ('ilm usul al-fiqh). Usually referred to as 'ilm al-usul (the Science of Principles) or usul al-fiqh (the Principles of Jurisprudence).
A student will typically begin with a primer such as Mabadi Usul al-Fiqh by Sh. Abd al-Hadi Fadli or the 2 volume Al-Moojaz fi Usul al-Fiqh by Ayatullah Ja'far Subhani (which in addition to other books on Usul al-Fiqh is available online here). Thereafter, the two most popular works studied are:
1. Durus fi Usul al-Fiqh (simply called the Halaqat) of Shahid Ayatullah Baqir al-Sadr. This is divided into 3 courses with the last course or Halaqa being further divided into 2 volumes.
2. Usul al-Fiqh of Sh. Mudhaffar (simply called Usul al-Mudhaffar). This is divided into 2 volumes.
The first Halaqa of Shahid al-Sadr is now available in English. Once Hawza students have completed studying these works, they are now ready to study the more advanced classic works of Usul al-Fiqh which are ar-Rasail, al-Kifayah and Ma'alim al-Usul.
Fiqh (Jurisprudence) is a major (if not 'the major') science around which most of the other subjects revolve. The study of the practical laws of Islam and how to derive them is divided by areas of jurisprudence such as purification, prayers, fasting, hajj, marriage, trade, etc. For more information on the divisions in this science, see Fiqh and Fuqaha.
Beginners usually commence their studies in Fiqh with Mukhtasar an-Nafi followed by Sh. Jawad Mughniya's Fiqh al-Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq [a] although the latter is fast being replaced by other works like Al-Duroos fi al-Fiqh al-Istidlali of Sh. Baqir al-Irwani.
A higher text that every Hawza student 'must' study is Shahid al-Thani's 9-volume al-Zabdat al-Fiqhiyya fi Sharh Rawdat al-Bahiyya popularly known as Sharh Lum'ah. This work is a commentary of the Lum'ah of Shahid al-Awwal.
Additional texts that may be studied on the side are the Shara'i al-Islam (al-Hilli), Ayaat al-Ahkam (al-Irwani), and the books of laws (tawdhih al-masail) of present and past high-ranking jurisprudents (ayatullahs).
A branch of fiqh that was once never recognized as a subject on its own is Al-Qawaid al-Fiqhiyya (The Laws or Principles of Jurisprudence). This is distinct from but often confused with Usul al-Fiqh. Two popular texts on this subject are the al-Qawaid al-Fiqhiyya (2 vols.) of Sh. Baqir al-Irwani (Qum) and the al-Qawaid al-Fiqhiyya Volume 1 and Volume 2 of Ayatullah Makarim Shirazi (Qum).
'Ilm al-Tafsir, or "the science of Qur'an exegesis" is usually a systematic (either sequential or thematic) exegetical study of the Qur'an's verses. This subject is widely studied by all Hawza students and one who chooses to specialize in this field becomes a mufassir or commentator of the Qur'an. Both Shia and Sunni scholars have written literally hundreds of Tafsir works over the ages. Some Shia scholars limit the word tafsir to being the interpretation of the Qur'an by the Prophet [s] Himself and his special household members (the Ahl al-Bayt). They consider all other interpretations as being simply a personal reflection (tadabbur). It is also common for students to form small study groups to share and discuss their understanding of the Qur'an's verses (i.e. to engage in tadabbur).
In the last two decades, the most popular tafsir work has been the 20 vol. Tafsir al-Mizan of Allamah Tabatabai. Some English translations of this work also exist today. Of late though, other, newer, tafsir works are emerging and gaining prominence.
5. 'Ulum al-Qur'an (The Holy Qur'an Sciences)
Unlike Tafsir al-Qur'an which explains and discusses the 6000+ verses of the Qur'an themselves, this science studies the Qur'an holistically. For example, the Qur'an's history, how it was revealed, the reasons that prompted revelations, how it was compiled, by whom and when, its preservation through the ages, the variations in its readings, the classification of verses into various categories such as abrogating (nasikh) verses vs. abrogated (mansukh) verses, and so forth. The most popular 'Ulum al-Qur'an work studied at Hawzas is the 2 volume Talkhis al-Tamhid by Sh. Muhammad Hadi Ma'rifah.
'Ilm al-Hadith (or the Science of Hadith) is not about the narrations or traditions themselves; rather it discusses the history of traditions, their compilation and classification, their collection and preservation, and so forth. A useful work in English is the Introduction to Hadith by Abd al-Hadi al-Fadli including the Dirayat al-Hadith of Al-Shahid al-Thani translated by Nazmina Virjee.
Needless to say, familiarity with the traditions (ahadith) themselves is indispensable just as familiarity with the Qur'an's verses is indispensable for one studying 'Ulum al-Qur'an or Tafsir. A student therefore needs to read works of hadith all the time and gain familiarity with the multitude of ahadith available.
The verses of the Qur'an and the hadith texts are the building blocks and the most fundamental material on which all Islamic sciences rest. Without them, there would nothing to study.
The four most important Shi'ah hadith works that are referred to by jurists are:
1. Al-Kafi of Shaykh al-Kulayni (d. 328/9 AH)
2. Man La Yahdhuruh al-Faqih of Shaykh al-Saduq Ibn Babwayh (d. 381 AH)
3. Tahdhib al-Ahkam of Shaykh al-Tusi (d. 460 AH)
4. Al-Istibsar of Shaykh al-Tusi (d. 460 AH)
In addition to the above, there are other invaluable classic works of hadith that a student will come to use as references such as Wasail al-Shi'ah, Mustadrak al-Wasail, Bihar al-Anwar, Tuhuf al-Uqool, etc.
'Ilm ar-Rijal is, literally, "The Science of People". Any tradition (hadith) is usually made up of two parts: a header (called isnad or sanad) and the main text or narration itself (called matn). The header lists the chain of narrators, which is crucial in identifying the original source of a hadith and verifying its authenticity.
'Ilm ar-Rijal, as an off-shoot of 'Ilm al-Hadith, studies the individual lives of narrators to check their trustworthiness. This in turn is used as one factor (amongst others) in concluding the authenticity of narrations. Sometimes a narrator may be unknown and his history may simply be lost in time.
A popular work on 'Ilm ar-Rijal which lists all the narrators in major Shi'ah hadith works and their trustworthiness-status is the Al-Mu'in 'ala Mu'jam Rijal al-Hadith of Marhum Ayatullah Abul Qasim al-Khui.
There are numerous works of Islamic history - both Shi'ah and Sunni. A work that is popular at Hawzas is the Al-Milal wa al-Nihal by Shahristani. Other popular books are the works of the famous Shi'ah historian Sayyid Murtada al-Askari.
9. Aqaid (Theology)
Aqaid (theology) is also called 'Ilm al-Kalam or Usul al-Din. The latter title is rarely used in Hawzas, perhaps to avoid confusing it with Usul al-Fiqh (which is at times called 'Ilm al-Usul). Shi'ah theology usually discusses issues around five principles: Tawhid (Divine Unity), Adalah (Divine Justice), Nubuwwah (Prophethood), Imamah (Imamate) and Ma'ad (Day of Judgement, also called al-Qiyamah or the Resurrection).
This subject is as important as jurisprudence for the hawza student. It is also a crucial subject for one who is interested in comparative religious studies for it goes beyond discussing the five principles in themselves and discusses issues related to them. For example: anthropomorphism (as related to Tawhid), Predestination and Freewill (as related to Adalah), Infallibility (as related to Nubuwwah and Imamah), and Intercession (as related to Qiyamah). Aqaid also discusses religion in general and topics such as the Need for Religion, Pluralism, etc.
Popular theological works studied at Hawzas include: Tajrid al-'Itiqad of Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (and its commentary (sharh) by Allama al-Hilli called Kashf al-Murad fi Tajrid al-'Itiqad), al-Bab Hadi Ashar of Allama Hilli, Adle Ilahi of Shahid Mutahhari, and the 4 volume Ilahiyaat of Ayatullah Ja'far al-Subhani. An early English translation of the al-Bab Hadi Ashar (Hilli) exists and can usually be found at university libraries that have an Islamic collection.
Arabic is the language of the Qur'an and hadith. No amount of English translation will help you truly appreciate the Qur'an and hadith. They simply have to be read and understood in their original language, if they are to be fully appreciated. So while it is very tempting for the non-native-Arabic-speaking student to take shortcuts in this science, it is not advisable. The more time one invests in learning the Arabic language (especially classic Arabic grammar and vocabulary), the faster one can progress in their Hawza studies of other Islamic sciences.
Studying the Arabic language will usually consist of:
1. Grammar (Nahw)
2. Syntax/Morphology (Sarf)
3. Rhetoric (Balagha)
4. Vocabulary Building
Popular grammar works used at hawzas are the al-Hidayah fi al-Nahw, Sharh Ibn Aqil, and al-Nahw al-Wadih.
For Arabic morphology (sarf), there is the Mabadi al-'Arabiyyah and Kitab al-Tasreef. And for Rhetoric, al-Balagha al-Wadihah is used. At advanced levels, the Nahjul Balagha (sermons, letters and sayings of Imam Ali [a] compiled by Sayyid ar-Radhi) is used.
Students whose primary language is English may want to consider the following texts as well (all of which can be purchased easily from Amazon and other online booksellers):
1. Al-Kitaab Fi Ta'allum al-'Arabiyya: A Textbook for Beginning Arabic (3 volumes with DVDs) by Kristen Brustad, Mahmoud Al-Batal and Abbas Al-Tonsi
2. An Introduction to Koranic and Classical Arabic: An Elementary Grammar of the Language by Wheeler M. Thackston
3. A New Arabic Grammar of the Written Language by Haywood and Nahmad
Vocabulary building comes with time. Get yourself a good Arabic-English dictionary and learn how to look up words based on their root verb. The best dictionary for English-speakers is A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic by Hans Wehr.
This subject is one where having a teacher is highly recommended. Finally, keep in mind that you need to study Classic Arabic. This is the Arabic used in the Qur'an and Hadith and is somewhat different from the literally Arabic that many language schools and universities teach.
Having studied Mantiq, those who wish to gain a deeper understanding of the philosophy of Islam will study Falsafa. This typical starts with Allama Tabatabai's Bidayah al-Hikmah followed by his Nihayah al-Hikmah. The first work is available in English. It first appeared in the Al-Tawhid journals and has since been revised and republished by ICAS.
Instead of the Bidayah (of Tabatabai) some Hawzas prefer to start with Al-Manhaj al-Jadeed of Ayatullah Muhammad Taqi Misbah Yazdi – also available in Farsi under the title Amoozish-e-Falsafa and in English under the title Philosophical Instructions.
For English readers, the two-volume History of Islamic Philosophy edited by S H Nasr and Oliver Leaman is highly recommended.
At the hawzas, a large part of Islamic philosophy deals with theoretical metaphysics and mysticism, the practical aspects of which are covered in 'Irfan (see below).
'Irfan is generally divided into theoretical (nadhari) 'irfan and practical ('amali) 'irfan. Theoretical 'Irfan is the study of Islamic metaphysics and 'Transcendent Philosophy'. The latter is usually a discussion around the teachings of philosopher-mystics like Ibn Sina, Suhrawardi, Ibn 'Arabi and Mulla Sadra. 'Irfan however distinguishes its goal from that of religious philosophy by being more theosophical. In other words: Whereas falsafa seeks to know God with the mind and through rationalization, 'irfan seeks to know God through direct, personal experience.
Practical 'Irfan is sometimes called sayr wa suluk (Spiritual wayfaring) and is in many ways synonymous to Sufism.
At Hawzas, one of the most advanced texts studied in theoretical 'irfan is the 9 volume magnum opus of Mulla Sadra called al-Hikmah al-Muta'aliya or simply the Asfar of Mulla Sadra.
For English readers, the two-volume Islamic Spirituality vol. 1 (Foundations) and vol. 2 (Manifestations) edited by S H Nasr is highly recommended.
Supplications are also a very important part of practical 'irfan. In addition to the Sahifa al-Sajjadiya and the popular Mafatih al-Jinan of Shaykh 'Abbas Qummi, Hawza students also like to refer to the works of Ibn Tawus such as his 3 volume Iqbal al-'Amal.
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Home / Speeches / Statement by President of the Republic of Finland Sauli Niinistö at the Summit for Democracy, 9 December 2021
Statement by President of the Republic of Finland Sauli Niinistö at the Summit for Democracy, 9 December 2021
Mr President,
Finland ranks high in every global index related to democracy. Finland's democracy is built on a stable representative political system, well-functioning local governance, vibrant civil society, and low levels of corruption.
We take pride in being among the first countries to grant women the right to vote and stand in elections, more than a hundred years ago. That laid the basis for gender equality in our society.
Our own experience demonstrates that democratic institutions, respect for human rights, and the principle of the rule of law, are the cornerstones for peace and development.
We also recognize that democracy is never complete, not in Finland, not anywhere else. Therefore, through the National Democracy Programme 2025, we aim to further strengthen our own system, from representation to participation, from transparency to inclusion.
In promoting democracy, Finland underlines the importance of the multilateral system. As a member of the Human Rights Council, and with central roles in the Freedom Online Coalition and the General Equality Campaign, we will do our best to protect human rights, to promote media freedom and fight disinformation, and to make technology inclusive.
I want to thank you for convening this summit. Democracy must be promoted wherever it is gaining a foothold. Democracy must be defended wherever it is under threat. Finland remains committed to supporting democracy nationally, as a member of the European Union, and globally.
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Cross Border Mergers and Acquisitions
A Comparative Study between India and the USA
B. N. Ramesh
June 19, 2023 Forthcoming by Routledge India
Cross Border Mergers and Acquisitions: A Comparative Study between India and the USA
This book presents a comparative analysis of Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions (CBMA) in terms of competitive framework and procedures between India and the United States of America.
It discusses themes like statutes, regulations, rulings, legislations, and analysis of CBMA; competition law, antitrust, and demerger; new legal initiatives by India like New Economic Policy (NEP), Goods and Services Tax (GST), de-monetisation, and amendments in the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA); and the impact of Covid on CBMA, to showcase the challenges and opportunities of specific CBMA experience in India in a global framework.
This book will be an essential read for scholars and researchers of law, corporate law, company law, international company law, corporate governance, international relations, public policy, international trade law, economics, and for practitioners, policy makers and consultants working on the subject.
1. Meaning of Mergers and Acquisitions 2. Cross Broder Mergers and Acquisitions: Statutes, Regulations, Rulings, Legislations, and Analysis 3. CBMA, Competition Law, Antitrust, and Demerger 4. New Legal Initiatives by India in CBMA Environments 5. COVID and the CBMA 6. Pandemics, Business Response, Law and the CBMA 7. Conclusion 8. Recent Reforms in Law in India 9. Recent Examples of implementation of Legal provisions in India
Dr. Boppudi Naga Ramesh (b .1963) belonged to Indian Police Service (1988 batch), and worked in West Bengal, his cadre, and in different parts of India, fighting anti-insurgency forces and left-wing extremist forces in Kashmir Valley and in central Indian states. As a civil engineer, he worked for TATAS and earned an MBA degree from the Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta. A triple Ph.D., his first Ph.D. was from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, his second Ph.D. was from the National Police Academy, Hyderabad, and the third Ph.D. is from National Law University, Delhi, India. He is M.A. Psychology, LLB, LLM, and Post-Doc Fellow from JNU, New Delhi. He retired as a DGP, in West Bengal and presently is a Professor of Law and Management at Maharashtra National Law University, Aurangabad where he pursues a postdoctoral fellowship in LLD currently. He won the President of India Police Medal for Meritorious Services and many other medals which include the distinguished alumni medal from IIT Kharagpur. He ran many marathons and is an international cyclist as a commando trainer.
….Large businesses can no longer afford to remain isolated. Transnational Expansion is in most cases, the key to survival. One of the methods is to enter foreign markets to ensure movement of capital and ghouls through transactional mergers and acquisitions.
Dr. Ramesh has covered the subject from all angles including the synergies emerging from such mergers and acquisitions. He has dealt with the subject from a broad prism of statutes of the USA, UK and the EU and has analysed them from the Indian perspective. He has dealt with all the vital areas including law, purpose and practical issues, relevant for and to be borne in mind, while venturing into CBMAs.
The book would be useful to lawyers, law students, industry professionals and chartered accountants alike. It should be fine guide to those who wish to acquire basic knowledge on the subject
- Justice Raja Shaker Mantha, Judge, High Court At Calcutta.
Having Obtained a Doctorate of Philosophy (Ph. D) in law for his thesis on Cross Border Mergers and Acquisitions, the author has mastered the intricacies of the subject while making a Comparative Study of the Legal Framework and Procedure in India and the USA. Moreover, the author has put immense effort to simplify the subject so that even a layman can understand well the world of cross-border mergers and acquisitions.
In dealing with Impact on CBMA and prevention of fraud in CBMA, the author made a very detailed analysis and a laudable explanation which will surely give the reader more insights about the subject.
- Justice B. Krishna Mohan, Judge, High Court of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati, Guntur.
Coming to the present research work, I can say this is one of the novel topics which has contemporary relevance though titled as legal framework but interdisciplinary approach a combination/blend of Management and Business Studies too. The theoretical presentation of the choppers is a lucid and very much information, interesting, the terminology of the International business is very well explained, and the linkage between the chapters is apt and convincing. The research design and the development is well articulated and addressed the gaps with the detailed justification by citing suitable research studies. The construction, flow and uses of English language appear at the free and hence appreciable.
- Justice Dr. Bulusu Siva Sankara Rao, M. Com., LL.M. Ph.D., LL.D.(Post-Doctoral Fellow), Judge-Judicial Preview, Andhra Pradesh.
It is remarkable that a seasoned Senior Police Officer of the Indian Police Service has been able to find time, energy and inclination to do an incisive study of such diverse topics as security of state and an important aspect of the corporate ladder such as "Cross Border Mergers and Acquisitions". It shows his thirst for knowledge and urge to share it with others by publishing his work.
- JUSTICE M. S. RAMA CHANDRA RAO, JUDGE, HIGH COURT FOR THE STATE OF TELANGANA
This book gives a comprehensive and lucid presentation on cross-border mergers and acquisitions framework in India, including a good insight into the interplay between the Companies Act, FEMA, SEBI Regulations, etc. it also makes an in-depth comparative analysis of the CBMA framework obtaining in India and the US. It should serve as a useful reference book for students, practitioners and policymakers.
- SRINIVAS INJETI, IAS
CBMA is particularly interesting because it is one such topic that is multidisciplinary nature and brings out the disciplines like economics, management (finance and strategy, in particular) and law together. Therefore, who but a scholar in all the three fields-- Dr. B. N. Ramesh, can address this topic more eloquently!! As an Indian Police Service Officer, and a double PhD holder, Dr. Ramesh is uniquely placed to address this topic from multiple perspectives. Dr Ramesh starts with the historical perspective of the CBMA, and extends his analysis to the current day laws and regulations that govern CBMA, especially in the US India relations…. Another nice feature of the book is, it provides a comprehensive perspective on how various laws-- competition law intellectual property law, et cetera-play a role in CBMA. Both for personal and professional reasons, I have the privilege of knowing Dr B. N. Ramesh for a while. In fact, I had the opportunity to have several in-depth conversations with him on several matters relating to economics, statistics, politics, national security, et cetera. In all these interactions, if there is one thing that catches my attention, it is his erudition-- the same erudition that comes across in his book as well.
- VISVANATH PINGALI, Associate Professor, Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad.
South Asian Studies
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South Asian Economics


beijing - The Chinese government denies accusations from the United States that it has illegally supplied fuel to North Korea. President Donald Trump accused China of this Thursday. 'Very disappointed that China allows oil to be delivered to North Korea,' the US president tweeted.
South Korea announced earlier on Friday that the authorities inspected a ship flying the flag of Hong Kong that would have supplied fuel to a North Korean vessel in international waters. Hong Kong is under Chinese rule.


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Happy Birthday to a British favourite! The original British sauce to team with a bacon or sausage butty, HP is now 109. From the picture of the Houses of Parliament on the label to Her Majesty's crest on the bottleneck, HP sauce is truly part of Great Britain, being a staple on almost every dining table for almost 110 years.
Invented and developed by Harry Palmer in the early 1900's, the sauce was named after his own initials, making him famous for over a century. The unique taste has now become almost synonymous with breakfast, famed for being different from all other brown sauce competitors.
Named 'the UK's no. 1 brown sauce', this condiment is a huge part of a trip down to a greasy spoon café, or even a more upmarket brunch. On the tables of many families, old or young, poor or rich, HP truly appeals to all great Britons.
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Q: Hyper-V virtual machine recognizes a new network at almost each start I have several virtual machines in Windows 10 Hyper-V (Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 10 Ver. 1703 Build 15063.0).

*

*Both of them have two virtual network adapters each, all with static MAC addresses.

*Windows Server 2012 R2 behaves normally, without any surprises.

*Windows 10 constantly detects a new network ("Network 11", "Network 12", "Network 13" etc) for one of network adapters, almost at each VM start. For other network adapter everything remains as configured.

What is the reason? Could it be because it is a not activated trial version of Windows 10?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Disable Safari on macOS Ventura How do I disable access to Safari on macOS Ventura? I want to either change the permissions so that it can't be opened, hide it from appearing in Applications, or otherwise prevent access.
I have tried to change privileges for "everyone" in sharing and permissions to "No Access", which used to work in Monterey. However, after updating to Ventura, it now says that I do not have necessary permissions, even after disabling SIP.
I've tried to set app limits in screen time, but it only allows me to set a time limit instead of restricting access completely, and even then I could just turn screen time off.
Is there any way for me to prevent Safari from being opened or otherwise being used for browsing?

A: In the Screen Time settings, set a "Screen Time Passcode." This is a 4-digit pin code you enter to lock Screen Time from being modified.
Then, in Screen Time > Content & Privacy (enable if disabled) > Content Restrictions, set "Access to Web Content" to "Allowed Websites Only."
Safari will still open, but will be unable to navigate to any webpages.


Merate Lombardy Campervan have a wide choice of Motorhomes available in Italy they range from 2 berth to 7 berth motorhomes. Merate is a small municipality in Lombardy, in the north of Italy. It has been in existence for about sixteen centuries, and was a major centre of the battles for Milan, waged by two families in the middle ages.
The Palazzo Prinetti, with it's high round tower is a main attraction of this attractive town, and the famous astronomical observatory, first built within the city, then moved out in the 1920s, is a centre of research and learning still.
There are no motorhome rental centers in the centre of Milan all rental centres are outside Milan in this case in Merate which is North east of Milan.
We offer excellent RV-motorhome or campervan hire rates for Merate Lombardy Campervan in Merate in Italy. To get a Motorhome hire quotation is easy; go to the Motorhome Hire section on our website and use our quotation and campervan booking engine.
We can meet you at Milan Linate or Milan Malpensa or at Bergamo airport. Just get a quotation for an airport and the collect fee will be included in your quotation.
To see the one way options for pick up in Milan and drop off at an International location check it out here.
We recommend that you book early to avoid the rush in high season when vehicles are very limited.
More Information at Merate Lombardy Campervan.
As a US customer I can recommend this company as they were very helpful to us as a first time renter. We did enjoy the vacation in Italy and found the vehicle allowed us flexibility.


text:
Amphoe Nong Don (Thai: ) ist ein Landkreis (Amphoe – Verwaltungs-Distrikt) im nordwestlichen Teil der Provinz Saraburi. Die Provinz Saraburi liegt in der Zentralregion von Thailand.

Geographie
Benachbarte Distrikte (von Norden im Uhrzeigersinn): Amphoe Mueang Lop Buri der Provinz Lop Buri sowie Amphoe Phra Phutthabat, Amphoe Ban Mo und Amphoe Don Phut der Provinz Saraburi.

Geschichte
Etwa zehn Kilometer von Bang Khamot im heutigen Amphoe Ban Mo liegt ein großer Teich mit einem großen Kradon-Baum (Careya sphaerica Roxb.; ). Einwanderer aus Dong Noi, Kokko und Mueang Lop Buri gründeten dort ein Dorf, welches sie Ban Nong Kradon (kurz: Ban Nong Don) nannten.

Als das Dorf immer größer wurde, trennte die Regierung am 15. Juli 1968 die drei Tambon Nong Don, Ban Klap und Don Thong vom Amphoe Ban Mo ab, um einen neuen "Zweigkreis" (King Amphoe) einzurichten.
Am 21. August 1975 bekam Nong Don den vollen Amphoe-Status.

Verwaltung

Provinzverwaltung
Der Landkreis Nong Don ist in vier Tambon ("Unterbezirke" oder "Gemeinden") eingeteilt, die sich weiter in 34 Muban ("Dörfer") unterteilen.

Lokalverwaltung
Es gibt eine Kommune mit "Kleinstadt"-Status (Thesaban Tambon) im Landkreis:
 Nong Don (Thai: ) bestehend aus Teilen des Tambon Nong Don.

Außerdem gibt es drei "Tambon-Verwaltungsorganisationen" ( – Tambon Administrative Organizations, TAO)
 Nong Don (Thai: ) bestehend aus Teilen des Tambon Nong Don.
 Ban Klap (Thai: ) bestehend aus den kompletten Tambon Ban Klap, Ban Prong.
 Don Thong (Thai: ) bestehend aus dem kompletten Tambon Don Thong.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Weitere Informationen zum Amphoe Nong Don von amphoe.com (in Thai)

Nong Don


text:
Printer Friendly Agenda
Last Published: 4/30/2015 1:03:30 PM
CITY COUNCIL DOCKET
CHAPLAIN OF THE MONTH:
KCPD Chaplain-Reverend Kenneth Ray
PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE:
ROLL CALL:
SPECIAL ACTIONS:
COUNCILMEMBERS WAGNER, CIRCO, CURLS, DAVIS, FORD, GLOVER, HILL, JAMES, JR., JOHNSON, MARCASON, REED, SHARP AND TAYLOR
150319 RESOLUTION — Honoring Martha Brown and Shawn Gutierrez as Rich Noll Pacesetters for April, 2015.
Legislation Text
COUNCILMEMBERS SHARP, CIRCO, CURLS, FORD, GLOVER, HILL, JOHNSON, MARCASON, TAYLOR, WAGNER, JAMES, JR. AND DAVIS
150330 RESOLUTION — Honoring the National Association of Letter Carriers in partnership with the United States Postal Service, Harvesters, Price Chopper and other national and local partners for coming together for the 23rd Annual Stamp Out Hunger Food Drive.
COUNCILMEMBERS REED, CIRCO, CURLS, DAVIS, FORD, GLOVER, HILL, JAMES, JR., JOHNSON, MARCASON, SHARP, TAYLOR AND WAGNER
150332 RESOLUTION — Mourning the massacre of Ethiopian Christians and denouncing acts of brutality and terrorism carried out by ISIL.
150315 COMMUNICATION - April 2015 - Accepting various deeds and easements in Clay County, Missouri and requesting that the City Manager approve the acceptance.
150316 COMMUNICATION - April 2015 - Accepting various deeds and easements in Jackson County, Missouri and requesting that the City Manager approve the acceptance.
150317 COMMUNICATION - April 2015 - Accepting various deeds and easements in Platte County, Missouri and requesting that the City Manager approve the acceptance.
150318 COMMUNICATION - April 2015 - Accepting various deeds in Jackson County, Missouri and requesting that the City Manager approve the acceptance.
150323 COMMUNICATION - Notice received from White Goss Law Firm to the City Clerk regarding a Petition for the creation of the Tiffany Landing Community Improvement District including submission of a Blight Study for the District.
FINAL READINGS:
CONSENT DOCKET
DEBATE DOCKET
FINANCE, GOVERNANCE & ETHICS COMMITTEE
MAYOR JAMES, JR.
150288 RESOLUTION - Expressing the Council's support of data privacy principles and directing the City Manager to implement data privacy best practices and report on implementation efforts.
FINANCE, GOVERNANCE & ETHICS COMMITTEE recommends "Immediate Adoption"
Legislation Text Fact Sheet
PLANNING, ZONING & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE
COUNCILMEMBER FORD
150291 Determining that the Judicial Square Tax Increment Financing Plan is making satisfactory progress under the time schedule proposed within the plan for completion.
PLANNING, ZONING & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE recommends "Do Pass"
150293 (Sub.) Determining that the Gailoyd Tax Increment Financing Plan is not making satisfactory progress under the time schedule proposed within the plan for completion and acknowledging that the Plan has been terminated.
PUBLIC SAFETY & EMERGENCY SERVICES COMMITTEE
COUNCILMEMBER WAGNER
150109 (Sub.) Amending Chapter 10, Code of Ordinances, by repealing Sections 10-5, Employee liquor permit required, 10-138, Non-profit organization temporary permit for sales by drink, 10-291, Generally, and 10-292, Temporary employee liquor permit, and enacting in lieu thereof new Sections 10-5, 10-138 10-291, and 10-292 of like number and subject matter.
PUBLIC SAFETY & EMERGENCY SERVICES COMMITTEE recommends "Do Pass as a Committee Substitute"
Signed by Sharp, Reed and Wagner, NAY: Taylor and Hill.
Held on Docket (4/30/2015)
COMMITTEE ADVANCES:
150262 Approving and authorizing settlement of a claim by ServPro East Independence/Blue Springs, Claim No. T1415-0862RR.
FINANCE, GOVERNANCE & ETHICS COMMITTEE recommends "Advance and Do Pass, Consent"
Legislation Text Fact Sheet Fiscal Note
150311 Approving and authorizing settlement of a claim by NAIA, Claim No. T1314-0597.
150302 Authorizing the Director of General Services to execute a contract for Job Order Contracting Services with Kellogg, Brown & Root Services, Inc. (EV2072) for minor construction, renovation, repair and alteration projects for City facilities with funds appropriated for such purpose in the City's annual budget; authorizing the Director to exercise the City's four one year renewal options without further City Council approval; and recognizing this ordinance as having an accelerated effective date.
FINANCE, GOVERNANCE & ETHICS COMMITTEE recommends "Advance and Do Pass, Debate"
150305 Authorizing the issuance of General Obligation Refunding Bonds, Series 2015A, of the City of Kansas City, Missouri, in a principal amount not to exceed $93,500,000.00; prescribing the form and details of said bonds; providing for the levy and collection of an annual tax for the purpose of paying the principal of and interest on said bonds as they become due; and authorizing certain other documents and actions in connection therewith.
150301 Authorizing the Director of the Convention and Entertainment Facilities Department to enter into a five (5) year agreement with the Kansas City Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater Kansas City, Inc., d/b/a Visit KC, a corporation formed and existing under Chapter 355, RSMO, (CVA) to provide services for the promotion of conventions and tourism business in Kansas City, Missouri for Fiscal Year 2015-16 to Fiscal Year 2019-20 with a one-year option to renew with City Council approval based upon Visit KC's ability to meet performance measures.
PLANNING, ZONING & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE recommends "Advance and Do Pass, Debate"
150307 Amending a previously approved Chapter 80 preliminary development plan in District GP-3 on about 12.92 acres located on the west side of N.W. Prairie View Road, approximately 1,000 feet north of N.W. Tiffany Springs Road, by removing the north 5.5 acres from the plan, and thereby leaving the south 7.42 acre portion. (10251-P-27)
150308 (Sub.) Rezoning an 8.82 acre tract of land located on the west side of N.W. Prairie View Road, approximately 1,000 feet north of N.W. Tiffany Springs Road, from Districts M 2-3, AG-R and B 3-3 to District B 3-3, and approving a development plan. (10251-P-28)
PLANNING, ZONING & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE recommends "Advance and Do Pass as a Committee Substitute, Debate"
150310 Rezoning an 80.31 acre tract of land generally located east of N. Flintlock Road and south of N.E. 89th Street, from District R-80 (Residential dash 80) to District R-7.5 (Residential dash 7.5), and approving a preliminary development plan that also serves as a preliminary plat for 82 single family residential lots and 8 private open space tracts. (14538-P and 14538-P-1).
150312 (Sub.) Amending Chapter 88, the Zoning and Development Code, Section 88-445-11, to allow for the approval of a council approved signage plan for digital signs on residentially zoned properties. (254-S-293)
150313 Amending Chapter 88, the Zoning and Development Code, through revisions, clarifications, and other administrative changes throughout the chapter in accordance with the Zoning & Development Code periodic review. (254-S-298 and 254-S-299).
SECOND READINGS:
FIRST READINGS:
Councilmember Marcason, Chair
COUNCILMEMBER MARCASON AND COUNCILMEMBER TAYLOR
150320 Approving City Trust resolution that amends the Dutton Brookfield Memorial Bronco Buster Statue Fund that will allow $250,000.00 to be used towards improvements of Barney Allis Plaza that surrounds the Bronco Buster statute.
150325 Authorizing the Director of General Services to execute a lease agreement with Kansas City Missouri Community Development CDE, for the lease of City-owned property at the Robert J. Mohart Multi-Purpose Focus Center.
150336 Appropriating $975,000.00 from the Unappropriated Fund Balance of the General Fund; approving and authorizing settlement of claims made under the Fair Labor Standards Act related to overtime pay for paramedics and emergency medical technicians who were not part of the class involved in the lawsuit entitled Marissa Hermsen, et al. v. City of Kansas City, Missouri, Case No. 11-0753-CV-W-BP; recognizing this ordinance as having an accelerated effective date.
NEIGHBORHOODS, HOUSING & HEALTHY COMMUNITIES
Councilmember Curls, Chair
150333 (Sub.) Authorizing the Director of Health to enter into contracts with area health centers, along with Children's Mercy Hospital, and Truman Medical Center to provide primary health care services for indigent residents in Kansas City, Missouri; and declaring this ordinance as an emergency.
Councilmember Ford, Chair
150326 Vacating all of Bridlespur Terrace as established by The Charter plat from the western line of Wornall Road to the east to its terminus at the southern property line of the plat; retaining a utility easement; and directing the City Clerk to record certain documents. (1703-V).
150327 Vacating right-of-way located at the northwest corner of Guinotte Avenue and N. Montgall, specifically Lot 7, Block 2 of Howard and Scott's Subdivision; retaining a utility easement; and directing the City Clerk to record certain documents. (1695-V).
COUNCILMEMBER MARCASON
150328 Accepting the recommendations of the Tax Increment Financing Commission of Kansas City as to the Twelfth Amendment to the 11th Street Corridor Tax Increment Financing Plan; approving the Twelfth Amendment to the 11th Street Corridor Tax Increment Financing Plan; and directing the City Clerk to transmit copies of this ordinance.
150329 Approving an amendment to the Chapter 353 Sixth Supplemental Contract by and between Eighteenth and Vine Redevelopment Corporation and the City of Kansas City, Missouri; excluding certain property owned by the City from the Sixth Supplemental Contract and extinguishing all master development rights of Eighteenth and Vine Redevelopment Corporation over such property of the City; authorizing the Director of Finance to execute an amendment to the Sixth Supplemental Contract; and authorizing a below minimum bid sale to the Gem Theater Cultural and Performing Arts Center, Inc.
150331 (Sub.) Approving the Second and Delaware Chapter 353 Development Plan on a tract of land generally bounded by W. and E. Sixth Street on the north, Main Street on the east, W. Second Street on the south, and the Market Station apartment complex on the west, all in Kansas City, Jackson County, Missouri; declaring the area included in such plan to be a blighted area; authorizing certain tax abatements and providing for the payment of certain payments in lieu of tax; estimating and appropriating revenues in the amount of $2,900,000.00 for the purposes of funding certain public infrastructure improvements; designating requisitioning authority; and authorizing the execution of certain agreements in connection with the foregoing.
150334 Approving an amendment to a previously approved Development Plan in District MPD on approximately 28 acres generally located on the north side of N.E. Barry Road, on both sides of N. Mersington Avenue, to allow for the deletion of approximately 14.12 acres (36 single family lots) from the current approved plan. (11980-CUP-8)
150335 Rezoning a 93 acre tract of land, generally located on the west side of N. Brighton Avenue, approximately 1,300 feet north of N.E. Barry Road, from Districts MPD and R-80 to District R-7.5, and approving a development plan in District R-7.5 to allow for 159 single family lots and 12 Tracts. (14549-P & 14549-P-1).
TRANSPORTATION & INFRASTRUCTURE COMMITTEE
Councilmember Johnson, Chair
150321 Authorizing a contract for approximately $3,700,000.00 with J.M. Fahey Construction Company for the resurfacing of various streets generally between the Missouri River and South City Limits; and recognizing this ordinance as having an accelerated effective date.
150322 Authorizing a contract for approximately $2,220,000.00 with Ideker, Inc. for the resurfacing of various streets generally between the Missouri River and North City Limits; and recognizing this ordinance as having an accelerated effective date.
150324 Estimating revenues in the amount of $828,000.00 in the Public Works Reimbursable Fund; appropriating that amount to special projects maintenance accounts; authorizing an agreement with Black and McDonald for streetlight and traffic signal repair and maintenance for approximately $5,606,000.00; and recognizing this ordinance as having an accelerated effective date.
MISCELLANEOUS BUSINESS:
Closed Session/Litigation Item(s)*
Closed Session/Legal Issue(s)**
Closed Session/Personnel Issue(s)***
Closed Session/Real Estate Transaction(s)Closed Session/Employee/Labor
Negotiation Item(s)*****
*Litigation Item(s) may be discussed in a closed session pursuant to §610.021
(1) RSMo. because it relates to legal action, causes of actions, or litigation.
**Legal Issue(s) will be discussed in closed session pursuant to §610.021(1)
RSMo because it relates to confidential and privileged communications
between City Council and its attorneys.
***Personnel Issue(s) will be discussed in closed session pursuant to
§610.021(3) RSMo because it relates to personnel matter.
****Real estate transaction(s) may be discussed pursuant to Sec. 610.021(2),
RSMo. because public knowledge of the transaction(s) at this time might
adversely affect the legal consideration therefor.
*****Employee/Labor negotiation item(s) may be discussed in a closed
session pursuant to §610.021(9) RSMo. because it relates to preparation for
negotiations with employee groups.
The City Clerk's Office now has equipment for the hearing impaired for use
with every meeting. To check out the equipment please see the secretary for
each committee. Be prepared to leave your Driver's License or State issued
Identification Card with the secretary and she will give you the equipment.
Upon returning the equipment your license will be returned.


(January 26, 2011) Lance Cartelli is hoping to cram one year's worth of development into five weeks. An STAA client, Cartelli has been hired as Director of Broadcasting and Media Relations for the Arizona Winter League.
The AWL is comprised of players from four different independent leagues. They play their games in Yuma, AZ and the season runs throughout the month of February. There are ten teams, five games per day and two broadcasts most every day. Cartelli will be broadcasting all of those games online.
"The AWL is only for about five weeks but I will get a year's worth of experience in those coming weeks and it will hopefully lead to another position in broadcasting," says Cartelli.
Cartelli is a former student in the sports broadcasting class taught by STAA CEO Jon Chelesnik at Palomar College in San Diego. He is also the second straight STAA client to broadcast AWL games. Last winter, Dan Hawkins parlayed the opportunity into a Director of Broadcasting and Media Relations job with the Chico Outlaws of the Golden Baseball League.
The AWL opportunity came to Cartelli through the help of a friend and fellow STAA client Josh Feldman. The pair met 18 months ago when Feldman was Director of Broadcasting and Media Relations for the Orange County Flyers. Feldman called STAA for recommendations for an assistant and ended up hiring Cartelli. This winter, Feldman has moved on to the Kannapolis Intimidators (A) and the Flyers have suspended operations. However, Feldman called a friend at the AWL on behalf of Cartelli and recommended him for the position. Cartelli emailed the link to his STAA Talent Page to the league and eventually landed the job.
"I want to thank STAA for all the help and support and fellow STAA client Josh Feldman for recommending me for the position," says Cartelli.
(Visit Lance's STAA Talent Page).
(January 20, 2011) At a point in his job search where many hopefuls give-in, Aaron Cox gave more. Now, his persistence has been rewarded. An STAA client, Cox has been named Play-by-Play and Media Relations Director for the Idaho Falls Chukars.
The Chukars are the rookie affiliate of the Kansas City Royals. Cox spent last summer broadcasting wood bat college baseball in Chillicothe, MO.
Cox will also get some valuable sales experience with the Chukars.
Getting the Chukars job didn't come easily for Cox. In fact, there was a time last fall where he considered giving up his sportscasting dream. Fortunately, those thoughts were short lived.
"That's when the online version of my demo and resume is so much more helpful," he adds.
Cox has also leaned heavily upon STAA, especially when things got most frustrating.
"Besides the Talent Page which is an obvious benefit [of being an STAA client], having somebody like Jon Chelesnik in my corner is huge. I've called him with the silliest of questions but he never makes it feel like a stupid question. I don't know what I'm doing with some of this stuff. It's extremely encouraging when I have someone I can call and whose opinion I trust. It's like having a pseudo agent without having to pay a commission. [Sportscasting] is such a unique profession. You can't just get advice from family and friends.
(Visit Aaron's STAA Talent Page. Aaron has also had his resume constructed by STAA).
(January 18, 2011) Chad Cooper is excited to live in his permanent home year around. An STAA client, Cooper has been named Broadcaster & Director of Media Relations for the Pittsfield Colonials baseball club of the Can-Am League.
Pittsfield is located less than an hour's drive from Cooper's home in Albany, NY, and to his winter job as play-by-play voice for the women's basketball team at the College of Saint Rose.
Geographic location isn't the only thing appealing to Cooper about his new job. A veteran of the Frontier League who spent last summer in his second stint with the Traverse City Beach Bums, he is also excited to working in a new league.
Cooper learned of the Pittsfield opportunity through a friend, Mike Radomski, who Cooper once helped land a job in the Frontier League. Cooper sent the link to his STAA Talent Page to Pittsfield shortly before Thanksgiving.
"The Talent Page is the easiest way to get [employers] my highlights and the resume," Cooper says.
"Getting the call from Mike was kind of a case of pay it forward a little bit because he had just graduated last spring and I helped him get a job for the 2010 season. I guess this was his way of returning the favor.
Through his career, Cooper has broadcast in over 60 venues in 21 sates.
"I can now add one venue and one country to the list because the Can Am League has a team in Quebec City," Cooper grins.
(Visit Chad's STAA Talent Page. Chad has also had his demo and resume constructed by STAA).
(January 4, 2011) Many folks might balk at moving from the San Francisco Bay area to small town Kansas, but Tim Slack is embracing it. An STAA client, Slack is joining KIUL Radio in Garden City as a sports broadcaster and marketing consultant.
A 2009 graduate of Biola University in La Mirada, CA, Slack has spent the past year doing high school sports play-by-play for iBN, a national Internet broadcasting company. In Garden City, Slack will be broadcasting high school football, basketball, baseball and volleyball. He will also be heavily involved in sales, something else he is embracing.
"I went to school for journalism, so all my experience is in broadcasting and my lack of sales experience has been a big thing," says Slack. "The experience I'll gain in this job is something I need to balance out my resume.
"To have someone like [Station Manager] Rick Everett mentor me is something that is very appealing," Slack adds.
Slack appreciates the boost STAA has given to his career.
"I don't think it is a coincidence that I was looking for a broadcasting gig for almost nine months without STAA, then found the full-time job I needed just two months after [STAA] re-did my resume and put up the talent page," says Slack.
(Visit Tim's STAA Talent Page. Tim has also had his demo and resume constructed by STAA).


text:
Tuesday 20 October 2015 The Mouth Magazine
WHEN THE CURRENT INCARNATION OF NEW ORDER BEGAN LOOKING FOR WAYS TO FRESHEN UP THEIR SOUND WITHOUT PETER HOOK, THEY TURNED TO A MAN WITH AN UNIMPEACHABLE PEDIGREE – COMPOSER / ARRANGER EXTRAORDINAIRE JOE DUDDELL.
His arrangements feature on five tracks of the recently released MUSIC COMPLETE, and offer the band which were his teenage heroes a new angle on a familiar aesthetic. This summer a collaborative fund-raising single saw him set ST ANTHONY – poet Mike Garry's eulogy to Factory supremo Tony Wilson – to an orchestrated version of New Order's classic 1983 album track YOUR SILENT FACE. Duddell has also worked with Elbow (a one-off concert with the Hallé, plus work on 2011 album BUILD A ROCKET BOYS!) and James – orchestrating parts of their vast back catalogue for a 2011 tour. His showcase concert with Richard Hawley at Yorkshire's Magna centre was a career highlight for both. He's also a member of Stella Martyr, who are about to release their debut EP. In this new edition of The Mouthcast we talk about all of this work, and reflect on the qualities needed to be one of the most sought-after arranger / orchestrators in popular music today…
https://themouthmagazine.files.wordpress.com/2015/10/160-160-joe-duddell.m4a
Buy a download of the Stella Martyr EP here and the vinyl here
Buy ST ANTHONY (in aid of Manchester cancer hospital Christie's) here
Previous PostPERFECT KISSNext PostHUEY MORGAN


Not real happy with limitations for # of guests allowed in my unit for social events(party).
Thank you for bringing your concerns to our attention. We strive to ensure that all of our residents have a comfortable experience in their homes and we're sorry to hear that your stay has fallen below your expectations. We would be happy to answer any questions you may have regarding our guest policy. Feel free to reach out to us in person. Thank you!
Hi, thank you for reaching out to us. Your opinion is important to us and we thank you for bringing this matter to our attention. Please contact the Property Manager directly at 407-982-8599 so she can respond directly to your concern.
Because the halls are basically outdoors They are often dirty.People also leave Their trash out in the hall all day.
We're happy to see that you're enjoying many aspects of your home! Thank you for bringing your concerns regarding the hallways to our attention. We would be happy to look into this for you. Please stop by the office or give us a call to discuss this in more detail. Thank you again and we hope to hear from you soon!
Thank you for your feedback. We are sorry to hear about the experience with trash and cleanliness in your hallway and would like to work toward a resolution. Please reach out directly to the Property Manager at (407) 982-8599 so she can discuss location and specific needs. Thank you and have a great day!
We love getting feedback from our residents and we're happy to see you're having a positive experience here at Courtney at Lake Shadow. If you have any additional feedback you would like to share or if our team can do anything to make your experience even better, please don't hesitate to reach out and let us know!
Thank you for your wonderful, 5 Star review! It's great to hear that you have had a good experience at The Courtney at Lake Shadow and we are excited to have the opportunity to continue providing great service!
I have been living at The Courtney for 3 years and love it! The staff is awesome!I would recommend The Courtney to everyone!
Wow! Thank you so much for your fantastic recommendation! It truly makes our day to hear that you're enjoying your stay here at Courtney at Lake Shadow. Let us know if there's anything we can do to continue providing you with this excellent service in the future. Thanks again and have a great day!
Thanks for your response! We're glad to see the care we take shows. Thanks for the feedback!
Each member of our team strives to carry themselves with high degrees of respect and professionalism and we apologize if this has not been reflected in your experience. We would appreciate the opportunity to improve upon your impression of us and look into your maintenance concerns. At your convenience, please reach out to us directly. Thank you and we hope to hear from you soon!
Hi there, thank you for bringing this matter to our attention. Please call the Property Manager directly at (321) 263-0925 for ways we can work towards resolving these issues. We look forward to hearing from you soon.
A onetime pet fee and monthly pet rent will be required. There is a maximum of two pets per appartment. No extic pets are allowd. Breed restrictions include; Akitas, Chows, Doberman's, German Shepard's , Mastiff's, Pit Bulls, Staffordshire Terrier Breeds, Rottweilers, Great Dane, Korean Jindo, Presa Canario, Huskies, Wolf Hybrids. Any mixes of these breeds are also prohibited.
Call today to learn more about our Specials!**The Courtney At Lake Shadow Apartment Homes you'll be ideally located near work, school or play. The community is in the Maitland Center office park and RDV Sportsplex, and within a mile and a half northwest of Seminole State College. When you're not on the go bask in the sun and cool off in the sparkling resort-style swimming pool with free wi-fi and outdoor dining and grilling areas, or get your pulse racing in the state of the art fitness center.
I'm interested in Courtney At Lake Shadow. Please send me current availability and additional details.


TV NETWORK — SIMPLY PETS - HAPPY lives here!
SIMPLY PETS TELEVISION (sneak peek) is all about television for Petparents! We will entertain you, educate you, and invite you to share with us your favorite ideas you think other Petparents will want to know about. Simply Pets Television is inspired by you. We promise you will never look at television (or your PetKids) the same way again!
If you are a producer of content please contact us for consideration to submit your ideas. PLEASE DO NOT SEND ANY MATERIAL for consideration without contacting the Simply Pets staff. Please use the contact form here.
It's real petkid television for PEOPLE who love pets/animals and television! Here is a small tease JUST for you....Nah, we better wait before we spill the beans. Rest assured we will be debuting soon.
Check out some fun filled videos that we found. We thought they might just make you smile. The fun has just begun! (click here).