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Fox News Halftime Report
Forget the shutdown, it's Mattis that matters
By Chris Stirewalt | Fox News
Source: Mattis resigning 'in protest' over Trump's national security policies
Defense Secretary James Mattis expected to step down in February; Jennifer Griffin reports.
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On the roster: Forget the shutdown, it's Mattis that matters - McConnell 'distressed' over Mattis - Audible: Available at 12:01 am - Wings: What can't they do?
Everybody enjoying a nice slow news Friday before Christmas?
*snort*
Dysfunctional governments are like bad NBA teams. They never really try until the clock is almost out. So it's not surprising that we see a great deal of churn and angst in the closing weeks of the year. Nor is it surprising that the fight is entirely about political opportunism and blame casting and not even a little about actual policy.
This is the phoniest shutdown fight in a lamentable 20-year history of phony shutdown fight. Both sides want to increase federal funding for border security, one by $1.6 billion, the other by $5 billion.
In a normal world the members of a government running trillion dollar deficits and $22 trillion in debt would scoff, split the difference call it $3.3 billion and pour some eggnog. Fighting over three-tenths of a percent of just the current load of deficit spending among people who could bankrupt a banana stand seems a little too precious.
Whether they spend $5 billion or $1.6 billion or whether the government is partially shut down over the coming four-day holiday or thereafter is a matter of relatively little consequence. We feel bad for anxious federal workers, but from the question of lasting consequences, this is a bad farce.
More consequential is what is taking shape in the military.
Trump refused the advice of his secretary of defense long enough and thoroughly enough that the secretary felt obliged to resign. With a normal president and under normal circumstances this wouldn't be that big of a deal. But because Trump has no background in these matters, has a mercurial temperament and a loose relationship with the truth, retired Marine General James Mattis had taken on extra significance in his role.
Trump chose Mattis because of his remarkable accomplishments and the near-universal praise for his character. The reason the Senate was willing to oblige Trump and break a 60-year precedent was because Mattis' reputation may be as sterling as any since the last general to hold the post, George Marshall.
Just as Mattis' arrival calmed the Congress, eased public sentiment about Trump's preparedness as commander in chief and cheered servicemen and servicewomen from the Pentagon to Fort Jackson, his departure – especially over terms of employment – will tend to excite, intensify and worry.
Coming as it does with a sudden policy lurch in Syria, all of those conditions will be made worse.
Remember that while it's obvious now that Trump's 2016 opponent was pretty obviously just chucking up anything that came to mind by the end of the campaign, it was not for nothing that Hillary Clinton closed her argument basically by saying that electing Trump would mean a nuclear holocaust.
(Imagine casting an election as "It's me or Armageddon," and voters say "We'll chance it!")
The unavoidable political truth for the president is that national security is his Achilles heel. What voters may indulge in domestic policy gambits or tweetstorms they will not tolerate on national security.
[Ed. note: It seems like now would be a good time to take a little break, dear readers. It has been a remarkable year and a great privilege – a privilege purchased with your continued support – to get to cover it. Wherever you go and whatever you do in this last week of 2018 you do it with my gratitude and most affectionate thoughts. I do many things here at Fox News, but nothing is as important or, ultimately, as satisfying as hashing out the news of the day, every day, here with you and our friendBrianna. Your thoughtful and generous comments and questions are an integral part of that experience. Please keep them coming. But more importantly than that, please consider the possibility of a political detox next week. My professional life's work centers on politics, but that is a starvation ration by itself. The degree to which we can experience our lives as individuals and as Americans without first applying a political lens might just be determinative of our portion of happiness. This note will return on Dec. 31, when I will be ready to get back on top of the bucking, snorting bull that we call American politics. Merry Christmas for all who celebrate! May it be a joyous one free from care.]
THE RULEBOOK: AND PRIDE GOETH…
"The inordinate pride of State importance has suggested to some minds an objection to the principle of a guaranty in the federal government, as involving an officious interference in the domestic concerns of the members." – Alexander Hamilton, Federalist No. 21
TIME OUT: COMFORT YE, COMFORT YE MY PEOPLE
The greatest piece of choral music for Christmastime (or any time) is George Frideric Handel's oratorio "Messiah." It tells the Christian story of salvation and the life of Jesus of Nazareth in an hours-long masterwork. It also announces the birth of Jesus with a particularly famous "hallelujah." Handel had fallen on hard times physically, financially and emotionally when he composed the music – hundreds of pages in length – in an astonishing 24 days in 1742. He wrote the music for a charity concert to benefit the cause of freeing men from debtors' prisons, a rather fitting object for the story of one whom Christians believe paid the debts of all mankind's sins. Defeated in many ways, Handel found himself delivered from his own struggles. The first performance was staged in Dublin, somewhat beyond the reach of bluenoses in London who thought an entertainer had no place interpreting the sacred scriptures. By the time of his death in 1759, it had already claimed its place as one of the enduring works of our civilization. Said Ludwig van Beethoven of Handel: "He is the greatest composer that ever lived. I would uncover my head and kneel before his tomb."
Flag on the play? - Email us at HALFTIMEREPORT@FOXNEWS.COM with your tips, comments or questions.
Average approval: 41.6 percent
Average disapproval: 53.8 percent
Net Score: -12.2 points
Change from one week ago: down 0.8 points
[Average includes: USA Today/Suffolk: 42% approve - 54% disapprove; Quinnipiac University: 39% approve - 52% disapprove; Gallup: 38% approve - 57% disapprove; NBC/WSJ: 43% approve - 54% disapprove; Fox News: 46% approve - 52% disapprove.]
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**we now return you to our regularly scheduled political palaver**
MCCONNELL 'DISTRESSED' OVER MATTIS
National Review: "Senate majority leader Mitch McConnell said Thursday that he is 'distressed' over defense secretary Jim Mattis' resignation after Mattis clashed with President Trump. 'I am particularly distressed that he is resigning due to sharp differences with the president,' the Senate leader said in a statement. 'It is regrettable that the president must now choose a new Secretary of Defense.' Mattis quit abruptly on Thursday after Trump's unpopular decision to withdraw the over 2,000 American troops currently in Syria. … The retired four-star general had 'vehemently opposed' the decision to withdraw from Syria, a move that was panned by both Republican and Democratic lawmakers and other officials as imprudent. 'We cannot protect our interests or serve that role effectively without maintaining strong alliances and showing respect to those allies,' Mattis said."
Trump call with Turkish leader led to US pullout - AP: "President Donald Trump's decision to withdraw American troops from Syria was made hastily, without consulting his national security team or allies, and over strong objections from virtually everyone involved in the fight against the Islamic State group, according to U.S. and Turkish officials. Trump stunned his cabinet, lawmakers and much of the world with the move by rejecting the advice of his top aides and agreeing to a withdrawal in a phone call with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan last week, two officials briefed on the matter told The Associated Press. The Dec. 14 call, described by officials who were not authorized to discuss the decision-making process publicly and spoke on condition of anonymity, provides insight into a consequential Trump decision that prompted the resignation of widely respected Defense Secretary Jim Mattis."
SupCo temporarily blocks Trump asylum ban - AP
Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg had surgery Friday to remove malignant nodules in lung - WaPo
Whitaker ignored ethics advice to remain on Mueller's tail - AP
Booker backer promises big bucks - NYT
N.C. election officials' fraud concerns date back to 2017 - WaPo
AUDIBLE: AVAILABLE AT 12:01 AM
"Nothing really Mattis." – The name of a cocktail from a shutdown-themed menu from Capitol Hill dive bar, the Capitol Lounge. The drink description reads: "Mad Dog 20/20 & Vodka. Order it, drink it and leave."
ANY GIVEN SUNDAY
This weekend Mr. Sunday will sit down with former Defense Secretary, Leon Panetta and Gov. John Kasich, R-Ohio. Watch "Fox News Sunday with Chris Wallace." Check local listings for broadcast times in your area.
#mediabuzz - Host Howard Kurtz has the latest take on the week's media coverage. Watch #mediabuzz Sundays at 11 a.m. ET.
BEST OF JOURNALISM 2018
It's time again for our annual year-end edition saluting the year's best journalism, and we need your input. What stories stood out? Which journalists helped you understand the world in a better way? Who did it with integrity and an unflinching commitment to the truth? What about the ones who made you think or laugh? You can read last year's winners here to get an idea of what we're looking for. Share your suggestions with us by email at HALFTIMEREPORT@FOXNEWS.COM
FROM THE BLEACHERS
"I held my nose and voted for Trump. I still would not have voted for Hil but Trump is causing me to eat antacids by the handfuls. Now General Mattis--arguably the most effective SecDef in many years--has taken the honorable way out of the Trump circus by resigning so a [Secretary of Defense] 'more aligned' with Trump' could take over. This know-it-all narcissistic president looks like a clip from the cutting room floor of a bad Three Stooges movie. Who is next? Melania?" – James Douglas, Wetumpka, Ala.
[Ed. note: So you're saying you don't like it… I hear you, Mr. Douglas. And I know that for a lot of Americans, these have been trying times. But I would also humbly submit that one of the reasons there is so little confidence in our institutions is because of atrophy through disuse. The Congress doesn't legislate. The political parties have become shell corporations. The news media chases clicks and views. These organizations haven't done their jobs because they haven't had to. The norms of the broad bipartisan establishment have mostly held for most of the past 50 years and the individual participants have been free to pursue self-interest over national interest. Well, the times they are a-changin'. As much as we decry (and we do) the stupid, blunt partisanship that passes for political discourse these days, we have never seen this degree of engagement. Of old we might have quoted W.B. Yeats "The best lack all conviction, while the worst are full of passionate intensity." No more. Everybody's in the pool. We have a president who was elected on a promise to attack that bipartisan consensus, and he is now in a mood to deliver. But we are supposed to rely on our Constitution and the good offices of the great American people (to say nothing of the providential guidance of our Creator) not the murmurings of the Mandarins of the Potomac. Let every Democrat defend the republic and let every Republican preserve democracy. Our blood is up and the stakes are high. And whether you think the president a crusader for forgotten men and women or, as you do, something else, we are all roused now from our sleep. And that has to be a good thing.]
"I am a fairly recent subscriber and did so primarily because I almost always enjoy your commentary on FNC, particularly when coupled with Dana Perino. However, and I may be wrong, it seems that the bulk of the commentary contained in the Halftime Report has a decidedly anti-Trump tinge to it. Perhaps I have become overly sensitive to the news reporting of today that is heavily tilted to the left. Today's report, for example, has the bulk of the items with an initial reference to articles published by known liberal publications. That trend seems to me to be the ongoing routine." – Darell Reichel, Port Lavaca, Texas
[Ed. note: First and foremost: Thanks for signing up! As for the provenance of the articles we choose, we are more interested in the stories themselves than the perceived bias of the organizations. If we were to only take our news from places that are considered liberal, we would leave a lot on the table. And if we would only take news from places considered conservative, we would have the same problem. We pay attention to individual outlets track records, but also those of the individual journalists' reputations and results in terms of deciding what passes the bar for inclusion. When it comes to news stories, we are looking for straightforward reporting, reliable sources and fair treatment of various points of view. It doesn't really matter what the sources are as much as it matters that the items pass these tests so that we can give you up to date, clear information. We wouldn't want to wait around until someone with a particular viewpoint published a story on a topic, nor would we ever want to use an inferior story because of ideological snobbery. On Thursday, we included items from Roll Call, The Street, Smithsonian Magazine, Politico, CBS News, the New York Times, Fox News, the Wall Street Journal, USA Today, the Associated Press, National Review, the Washington Post, Reuters and the San Francisco Chronicle. The only opinion piece was Kevin Williamson's very smart read on the Mexican government's efforts in Central America and the U.S. support for them. It was in a conservative publication – National Review – but we included for clarity and perspective not because he's a conservative. Our emphasis is on keeping opinion out of news. Your opinions are up to you. Our job is to try to equip you with reliable, current information and whatever context we can provide so your opinion is as informed as possible. We hope you'll stick with us and give it a try. It's our privilege to provide it and our compliment to you. We don't think you need to be told how to think.]
"I noted the comment from the senior DOJ official that [Acting Attorney General Whitaker] should recuse himself out of an 'abundance of caution.' But shouldn't [Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein] have done the same out of an 'abundance of conflicts.' The Special Prosecutor – and I agree there should have been one – Rosenstein chose should not have been someone that he is so closely affiliated with throughout his career. I know that would have been difficult, but Rosenstein is actually a witness in the obstruction of justice portion of the investigation. It would seem that he should not have been part of the process to choose the Special Prosecutor. What's a good phrase from W.Va. for 'that's all water under the bridge' that could apply here?" – Diane Balcom, Pittsburgh
[Ed. note: If Rosenstein had to choose a qualified prosecutor with whom he was not well familiar it would have been rather a challenge. Rosenstein first joined the Justice Department 28 years ago and has worked at nearly every level over the course of his career. He worked on Ken Starr's independent counsel team. He worked on tax fraud, prosecuted drug crimes, handed appellate cases, was nominated to be a federal judge (but was blocked by Senate Democrats) and more before he was named deputy attorney general. That would rule out a lot of folks in the Justice Department – far beyond Mueller. What's more, Mueller was the obvious choice. Had Rosenstein called up some old crony from Baltimore for the gig, it would have raised concerns. Instead, he picked the single most respected federal lawman in the country. The only question was whether Mueller, 72 and finally making some serious jack after 30 years in government jobs, would want to return for what was guaranteed to be grueling, thankless work. This was far from a favor to Mueller. And as to whether someone other than Rosenstein – someone who holds Mueller in lower esteem – should be overseeing the case, I'd say good luck. I've never met anyone at the FBI or Justice Department who doesn't think that Mueller is a straight shooter and a highly competent law enforcement official. I've never heard that Rosenstein and Mueller are particularly friendly. I know as a law student, Rosenstein interned in the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Massachusetts when Mueller was briefly the acting boss and that Mueller was the head of the public corruption division at the Justice Department for some of Rosenstein's tenure there, but I have no reason to believe that there is anything disqualifying there. Anyway, it's a moot point now. Whitaker is now overseeing Mueller and Rosenstein has taken a step back. The dubious basis for Whitaker's appointment, however, makes him something of a paper tiger. If he were ever to get too froggy, the agency would be swamped in lawsuits and many cases would grind to a halt as courts took up the question of whether he can really carry out the duties of attorney general without being confirmed by the Senate. Republicans now want to sidestep that issue by quickly confirming former Attorney General William Barr back to his old job.]
Share your color commentary: Email us at HALFTIMEREPORT@FOXNEWS.COM and please make sure to include your name and hometown.
WINGS: WHAT CAN THEY NOT DO?
UPI: "Police in California said a driver tried to avoid toll enforcement by covering part of their license plate with a sticker from a package of chicken wings. The California Highway Patrol said in a Facebook post that a sergeant pulled over a white Ford Mustang about 8 p.m. Tuesday for having a partially covered license plate. Police said the driver had apparently tried to avoid paying the toll on the Richmond/San Rafael Bridge by using the sticker receipt from a package of Safeway teriyaki chicken wings. 'Well, sure enough the driver had used his receipt from a pound of teriyaki chicken wings he had bought at Safeway earlier in the day, ripped it in half and used it to cover two digits of both the front and rear plate,' the post said. The driver was cited for having an obstructed license plate and driving on a suspended license. The car was impounded."
AND NOW, A WORD FROM CHARLES…
"Science has everything to say about what is possible. Science has nothing to say about what is permissible." – Charles Krauthammer (1950-2018) writing in the Deseret News on March 15, 2009.
Chris Stirewalt is the politics editor for Fox News. Brianna McClelland contributed to this report. Want FOX News Halftime Report in your inbox every day? Sign up here.
Los Angeles train robberies: Congress members ask Garland for DOJ's help


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Popular Science Monthly/Volume 85/November 1914/The Science of Education
< Popular Science Monthly | Volume 85 | November 1914
←Ephemeral Labor Movements, 1866-1889
Popular Science Monthly Volume 85 November 1914 (1914)
The Science of Education by John Perry
The Progress of Science→
1581036Popular Science Monthly Volume 85 November 1914 — The Science of Education1914
THE SCIENCE OF EDUCATION[1]
By Professor JOHN PERRY
IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, LONDON
I WANT you to understand that we have established some fundamental principles in our science: (1) A subject must interest a pupil. (2) A man who trains dogs or seals or bears or other animals makes a close study of their minds. In the same way we must recognize that one boy differs from another, and study the mind of each boy. (3) If a boy is not very receptive of an important subject we must do our best with him and try to settle what is the minimum with which we ought to be satisfied. Only a few subjects ought to be compulsory on all boys. (4) There are two classes of boys unequal as to numbers, (a) those fond of, and (b) those not capable of abstract reasoning. (5) Another two classes are (a) those fond of, and (b) those not fond of language study. (6) Every boy may be made to write and read in his own language and he may be made fond of reading. (7) The average boy's reasoning faculties are most surely developed by letting him do things. That is, for example, through his sports, or through wood or metal working, or gardening, or experiments involving weighing and measuring. Through the last of these he learns to compute. A boy of eight learns decimals in an hour if he weighs and measures, whereas by the usual method of teaching he is ignorant of decimals at the age of fourteen. A boy learns whist very quickly if you seat him with three other people at a table with a pack of cards; he would not learn in a month if he had no cards. Would you teach a boy to swim by mere talk? (8) Every boy must get a good deal of personal attention. (9) However good a system may be there can be no good results if the teachers are cheap; cheap teachers are usually stupid and over-worked. Men in charge of schools and colleges never seem to learn this. The market price must be paid for a capable man. (10) Fairly good results may be expected from a good teacher, even when he is compelled to work on a bad system, but really good results can be obtainable only from a good teacher with a good system.
I need not go into details about all these principles, but I should like to dwell presently upon a few of them. At the beginning of this address I spoke of the obstruction to great necessary reform—too much antiquated machinery to "scrap." Most schoolmasters will admit the necessity for reform in the case of the average boy, but they say that parents are opposed to the reform. Unbelief in education for the average man is so general among the higher classes that I am afraid we shall have no reform unless some great national disaster causes conversion. There is a lesson for England, and, indeed, for all European races, in the recent history of Japan. The old structure of Japan was in many ways beautiful, but it proved to be without physical strength. Its extreme weakness proved its salvation. Even the teachers of ancient classics saw that for strength it was necessary to let scientific method permeate the thought of the whole population. And now, at the end of the first chapter of Japan's modern history, we find a nation which can not only defend itself, but which retains all of its spiritual life which was beautiful. Every unit of the population can not only read and write, but it is fond of reading, and its education did not cease when it left school. It is getting an increased love for natural science, so that it can reason clearly; it is not carried away by charlatans; it retains its individuality. One result of this is that in time of war Japan has scientific armies. Not only are its admirals and generals scientific, but also every officer, every private is scientific. Everything in the whole country is being developed scientifically, and we Europeans, hag-ridden by pedantry in our schools and universities, refuse to learn an easy lesson. At present we do not even ask what is meant by education or what education is necessary if a particular boy is to be fitted for his life's work. In 1902, when I was President of Section G, and in opening a discussion on the teaching of mechanics at Johannesburg in 1905, I gave my views as to the teaching of a young engineer, but they apply also to the teaching of nearly all boys. These views have been commended by experienced engineers and teachers. To understand me it is first necessary to try to cast away prejudices, and this is especially difficult if one has a pecuniary interest in education. The student of almost any other science than education cares for nothing but the truth; even when he has committed himself to a theory and his good name or credit is at stake the rule of the game is perfectly well known and must be adhered to. The student must not neglect fact or pervert fact; he must be quite fair. The student of physical science sees at once whether or not he is playing the game, because the coordinates are few; there are no complexities, such as we find in our own life problems. This also is why the study of physical science is so good in causing boys to reason, for reasoning can only be taught by constant practise on simple matters which one thoroughly comprehends. Consider a boy's views about ordinary affairs. He is downright. A complex thing must be greatly simplified to him. His painting is in black-and-white; there is no delicate shading in his picture. He never sits on the fence; he is never a trimmer. An historical character is awfully good or awfully bad, very clever or very stupid. A boy is, in fact, cocksure about everything. He is incapable of reasoning about complex things. And when we try to teach him to reason about simple things we must be quite sure that they really are simple to him, that he understands them. For example, many educationists say that the study of geometry is just right for a boy. Well, yes, for five per cent, of all boys, boys who can take in abstract ideas. They take to Euclid as a duck takes to water. But for the other ninety-five per cent, geometry is very hurtful, because unless they continually experiment with rulers and compasses they do not understand what the reasoning is about. In ancient times only very old and exceptionally clever men were allowed to study geometry. We now assume that it ought to be an easy study for the average English boy. Generation after generation we stupefy the average English boy with demonstrative geometry, and we call him a duffer so often that he thinks himself a duffer, and even his mother thinks him a duffer, and, indeed, we have done our best with geometry and Latin to make him a duffer. Only for his football and cricket, which teach him to reason a little, he would become a duffer. And yet in my opinion if this average boy were properly taught in school he would prove to be very superior to the boy who is usually called clever. The schoolmaster calls a boy clever because he is exactly like what the schoolmaster himself was when a boy; but I am afraid that I place little value on the schoolmaster's cleverness, whether as a boy or a man. Reasoning can be taught through almost anything that a boy does, but more than all things through his experiments in natural science. Formal lessons on reasoning, on logic, are utterly useless, and I may say that set lessons on almost any subject are utterly useless for the average boy.
Milton's poems are greatly praised. Well, I am not going to say a word against the people who talk in public about the most wonderful epic in our language and who never read it; but how many people have read Milton's magnificent prose works? Milton first taught me the true notion of education, that the greatest mistake is in teaching subjects in watertight compartments. It is the idea underlying one of the most instructive books ever written, "Sandford and Merton." When teaching a subject, teach all sorts of other subjects as well. If Mr. Barlow's boys were interested in astronomy he showed them stars and planets through a telescope for a night or two, but he gave them no stupefying course on astronomy. He gave them stars and the solar system just as long as they were interested. He used a globe as well as mere maps in teaching them geography and history, but the soul-destroying idea of a course of study on "the use of the globes" did not commend itself to him. They walked over the fields and took an interest in trees and flowers, but he gave them no stupefying course on botany. When he gave them a lesson on English grammar or literature he taught them at the same time the geography and history and the fairy stories of their country. How can a man give a course on grammar or geography or history or anything else without diverting his talk in an interesting way to other subjects? What is so tremendously important about natural science laboratory work is that a student must be thinking all the time about the same matters, not from one but from ten interesting points of view. He is not merely observing, he is measuring, he is computing, he is reasoning; he has to write out descriptions of what he sees and does, and he thinks then of his spelling and grammar; he has to sketch; he has to read books about what other people have done before him on the same subject, and also for statistics. He learns the value of a bit of work done in a clean honest way, and when he gets some more experience he glows with the feeling that he has really added to the knowledge of the world. He is a discoverer, and he feels the emotion of Cortez! It is marvelous the alteration which has occurred in the mental attitude of the common average boy. Instead of feeling that he is a degraded slave he feels the emotion of his childhood returning to him. He once made the great discovery at the age of six that the back garden was inhabited by fairies and lions and Indians and pirates. He was the Caliph Haroun Alraschid for a while. And now, after a wretched life at Latin and Euclid, a new revelation is vouchsafed to him, and as he gathers years he finds that nature is placidly willing to let him steal her secrets little by little, one by one, secrets that are gradually changing men from the bewilderment and spirit possession of the Middle Ages; so that at length he enters into complete communion with nature and rollicks with her, and quarrels with her, and loves her more and more until he dies. And his reasoning power has been growing all the time, so that more and more he understands complex things, for, after an experimental study of story-books, he probably entered the kingdom of Shakespeare at the age of fourteen. Things requiring memory can be learned only in early life—weights and measures, the multiplication table, languages. He knows games involving spelling. But, over and above all these, he has from infancy repeated all sorts of poetry long before he could enjoy much more of it than the jingle of its rhyme.
Education consists in the development of a man from his earliest day, and does not cease till he dies. Any thoughtful man must see that there is no science so important as that of education, the preparation of children of this generation to be the citizens, the rulers of the country, in the next generation. The whole future of our Empire depends upon the education of the children. By the study of this science we hope to improve teaching so as to make future citizens not only to have more knowledge and more skill, but to make them wiser than the people of the present or the past.
Early training determines what later training ought to be. Let us consider what the early training of a boy ought to be. In his very early days nature has provided that his education shall proceed very rapidly by observation and experiment, and the only teaching needed is through careful nursing and affection. He teaches himself, and he loves to learn. He ought to get toys not too realistic, for he loves to weave romance around his toys, but still things to observe and experiment with. He has most complex problems in physical science when he is only a few weeks old, the solution of which involves much labor, but it is pleasant labor and he is happy. And he will remain sweet-tempered and happy and unspoilt if there is real affection from his teachers. If, however, somebody teases him by playing practical jokes, or if a selfish mother who was unreasonably kind to him yesterday is unreasonably unkind to him to-day, he gets, because of his reasoning power, a sense of injustice. Man, woman, or child with a sense of injustice may be said to be possessed of a devil. During the first six years of a child's life the creation of its power to reason is more wonderful than anything else, and this reasoning power comes altogether by observation and experiment. An affectionate parent easily finds methods of helping nature in this process. The unspoilt boy of six years seems to forget nothing that he hears; he has gathered a most wonderful vocabulary; he knows endless nursery rhymes and simple poetry; he is as active and adventurous as a kitten, and everything he does is cultivating his senses. This is the time when he fills the smallest playground (which to grown-ups seems bare and desolate) with giants and fairies and Indians and pirates, with forests and mountains and rivers and oceans. His imagination is so extraordinary that the most uncouth creation of his own gives him exquisite pleasure. Why do I dwell upon this stage of a boy's development? Because it has been so perfect! Nature has learned to do this to children during perhaps hundreds of thousands of years, and it has been the most important time of a boy's life, the time when, if parents will only give the boy their love and greatly let him alone otherwise, he develops mentally more than during all the rest of his life. Speaking broadly, he has done nothing in all this time except what nature and affection made pleasant to him. I have studied the science of education and practised the art of teaching all my life, and I say that all our failures are due to our neglect of nature's methods, and our schools destroy the good effects which nature has produced.
As a rule I do not like to be told that certain subjects must be compulsory, but surely every child of eleven must have some such qualifications as these: (1) The power to speak and read and write in his own language. (2) To be able to do easy computation. (3) To have an exact knowledge of the simplest principles of natural science from his own observation and experiment. I think that every observer must acknowledge that these powers are possible for almost every boy of eleven. Some of us have for many years been endeavoring to show how the child of six may acquire these powers by the age of eleven if nature's methods—that is, kindergarten methods—are followed. For example, he plays at keeping shop, selling or buying things by weight and measure, and paying or receiving actual money and giving change. He weighs and measures with greater and greater accuracy as he makes experiments in mechanics and heat and chemistry. Every boy is fond of stories, and if treated reasonably is easily induced to learn to read. Heading aloud is easily made a pleasure and a habit, and so the boy learns to speak properly. Any boy whatever will become fond of reading if the people about him are fond of reading: I state this as a fact which I have investigated. A boy who is fond of reading gets later on to know the value of books and the use of books, and he will go on educating himself till he dies. Any attempt at coercion, unless it is the very gentle coercion of a person whom he loves, is fatal; even coaxing is not always good. He assimilates knowledge from everything which he does, and therefore he ought to be induced to do things which not only keep him healthy, but which give him knowledge and teach him to reason. Do you remember how angry Lanfranc of Bee was at the idea that any pupil could be forced to learn; he said "it turned men into beasts." I speak to you who love children, who love young people, who know that there is hardly one child in a hundred, even among rather spoilt children, who does not love to do his duty.
Under the best and most loving of teachers a lonely child has enormous disadvantages, but these can generally be remedied. The usual mistake is to send it to a large school. If it is merely a day school there is no great harm. But no child under thirteen ought to be sent to a boarding school unless it is a small school and the master and his wife have a love and sympathy for other people's children. There are such people in the world, God bless them! but they are not numerous. They are so few that we must return to nature as the best of teachers. The time is coming when a child's own father and mother will have much more knowledge and wisdom than they have now, and they will refuse to give up to others the doing of their highest duties. It is at present not sufficiently recognized that the most important duty of the parents is the education of their children. At present, men who are building up fortunes are too busy to think of their children, and so we find that the sons of Lord Chancellors and other successful men have been marrying chorus girls and squandering those very fortunes to which their education was sacrificed. Of course, if parents are uneducated, and therefore selfish or otherwise foolish, any kind of school may be better than home for their doomed children. It is one of the great advantages of poverty that the children go to day schools and they keep in touch with home life. If the day school is really a boarding school as well, it will be found that there is always a differentiation in favor of the boarder, which has a very bad caste effect, just as the "modern-side" boy of any public school suffers in character because he is of a lower caste than the classical-side boy. It is usual to remove a stupid classical-side boy to the modern side, and every boy on the modern side has a sense of injustice. The work of the modern side ought to be much the higher, but it is always badly done because the atmosphere is altogether bad.
It may be said that I am only destructive in my criticism of public schools. I think it will be found that I am also constructive, although I acknowledge that my sketch needs much filling in. "Well, can much more be done in an address lasting one hour? I will now try my hand at a little filling in. I have no objection to the existence of classical schools something like the present for boys who are fond of classics. The average boy will not be asked to attend such a school. I feel sure that much greater attention ought to be paid to the teaching of English composition, to English poetry and prose, and to English subjects generally. I also feel sure that much attention ought to be paid to natural science. And surely it can do no good for the classical masters to go on sneering at natural science subjects and calling them "stinks" as they do now.
I want, however, to speak more particularly of a much higher kind of school, which will educate the boy usually called clever and also the boy usually called stupid. As I have already remarked, I think that these names may sometimes be redistributed.
The school is one for boys from eleven to sixteen years of age. It ought in no way to be connected with any classical school. English subjects will predominate, but teaching in Latin and Greek and modern languages and other alternative subjects will be provided, although they will not be forced upon any boy. The masters who teach English ought to know enough Latin and Greek and Celtic and Old English and modern languages to be able to illustrate the derivation of English words through their roots. And they must be well read in English subjects and fond of English literature. They will make the boys fond of reading English, and encourage them to find out what they like best. Some boys will take to history and philosophy, some to poetry and imaginative literature. Every boy ought to get the best chance of developing his faculties. It may be asked—if we can not make the average boy spend or waste twelve hours a week on Latin, what are we to do with him? At all events, now, we keep him doing something, even if it is only marking time. My answer is, you think only of his putting in time; well, then, let him put in his time at work that interests him; any work of that kind must be educative under an intelligent master who can help him in his studies if it induces him to look up information for himself. Thus, when reading travels or history, he will use the globe and raised maps and read geography, and hunt up plans of battlefields. Think of the things that a boy used to be punished for doing, and let him do those things under wise direction. I used to be punished for reading Scott and Cooper. Nowadays prizes are given to boys for their knowledge of Ivanhoe or Quentin Durward. Expand this into a system. A boy who loves to browse over Chambers' English literature ought to be guided in his browsing, and induced to take up something more than selections, and he may easily be induced to get off selections by heart if his teacher does not show his contempt by speaking of such exercises as Rep. [repetition].
Let the teacher take a leaf out of our methods of teaching chemistry and physics. It has been shown that twenty-five boys doing work in the laboratory during a lesson of an hour and a half or two hours can be managed by one teacher. Experimental lectures in a lecture room have now been greatly discarded; such lessons as I speak of take place in the laboratory, but reliance is placed particularly upon the personal attention of the teacher being given to each group of students in charge of an investigation, the group not being usually greater than four in number, and often being less than two. These students are sometimes merely verifying or testing a statement made by the teacher or found in a book, but they are often finding out things for themselves. One idea underlying the work is that there ought to be more and more illustrations of simple fundamental principles. It is long before these simple things really become part of a boy's mental machinery; things like the mere definition of force, for example. It is, of course, quite different work for the teacher from anything that he used to have to do; for one thing, being much more exhausting. He can not shirk his duties and sit down waiting for students to come to him. When teaching degenerates into mere maintenance of discipline, everything being regarded as right if the pupils are quiet and seem to be diligent, it is necessary to make a radical change, usually a dismissal of the teacher. It used to be that a science master gave an experimental lecture, and afterwards he had a very easy time, letting the students follow a set routine in the laboratory, but this will no longer do; such attendance at lectures and laboratory work means poor mental training.
Now, I would work out a system for English, English composition, English poetry and prose, geography, history and other English subjects, on the lines that we have found so successful in natural science. An enormous change has been effected during the last fifteen years in the teaching of mathematics. The older methods always failed with the average boy or man. The new system, which is sometimes called practical mathematics, is based on the idea that students shall work experimentally, just as they do in their natural science. It is found that their eyes and faces are bright, they work hard, and they evidently enjoy their work. We have merely introduced common sense into the teaching; we have approached the student's mind from other points of view than the old academic one, from the only side on which he has ever been taught anything—the side of observation and trial. He weighs and measures. He does experimental geometry and mensuration, and is assisted by abstract reasoning just to the extent which interests him; he makes plans of the school buildings and maps of the district; algebra becomes interesting when in coordination with experiments in mechanics and physics; trigonometry becomes interesting in the actual measurements of heights and distances. The infinitesimal calculus is bound to be a weapon which any boy of fifteen easily gets to understand by actual use when he is dealing with dynamic experiments. In fact, the physical and mathematical laboratories are in one, and the same teacher takes charge of both subjects and teaches them as much as possible together.
Furthermore, in the preparation of an account of an investigation there are practical lessons in English composition; there is sketching, and also more careful drawing with instruments, and the finding of empirical laws, using squared paper. In such a school every subject is being taught through all the other subjects; every boy is doing the work in which he is greatly interested, and no boy is attending merely and putting in time. Furthermore, out of school-time there might be the usual restrictions as to "bounds," but otherwise I would let a boy do pretty much as he pleased. "Prep." at boarding schools and home lessons for boys at day schools are to be quite discredited. I would—it may cost a little more money—allow a boy to work in the workshops or laboratories or library or in his own room or common rooms at anything he pleases in this off-time, and I would give him advice only if he asks for it. If I saw a boy reading a penny dreadful I would not stop him; nor if he were reading Paine's "Age of Reason," or any wretched treatise on psychology or logic. I would in no way discourage a boy from acquiring a greater and greater fondness for reading, knowing that this is the foundation of future happiness and education, and that no harm which he can get from his reading is of the slightest importance in comparison with the importance of our main object. As he grows up he will become less and less fond of the six-penny magazine. The school can at its best be merely a preparation for the lifelong education of the man. I would not keep the boy at school after sixteen. Let him then go into business, or to a science or technical school, or to the university.
Unfortunately for the present no university will take men without an entrance examination involving other languages than English. This is a great evil, but it is not going to last much longer. In the meantime a competent coach will prepare any student to pass the necessary examinations (say, in Latin and Greek) in three months, even if there is much other work to do. This is not a matter of learning any classics; it is rather the manufacture of some contempt for the classics, a necessary evil for the present. Indeed, for the present, but let us hope not for long, there are many other necessary evils. We have to find competent enthusiastic teachers, we have to persuade governing bodies to pay salaries two or more times as great as at present, we have to make parents see that some mental training and fondness for reading and writing are really of value, and that Tom Sawyerism is only childish.
The importance of primary education is now well recognized. Rich and aristocratic folk know that they are now in the hands of the common people in a democratic country, and it is important to see that the common people shall be made fit to rule and shall have a real sense of fairness and reasonableness. Above all, if they are to be good citizens we must cultivate their common sense. I think that in the schemes and the administration of primary education by the Boards of England and Scotland it is in a good way; but there is one great curse upon it, and the enormous sums of money spent upon it are greatly wasted. The local authorities give to every teacher far too much to do, and they give him only half his proper wages. In a few years the government of our democratic country will be in the hands of the boys now at school. That they should be good citizens full of common sense is more important than any other thing. If they are without fondness for books, and if they can not reason, their votes will be at the command of fraudulent or foolish, or perhaps only selfish or self-deceiving speakers. Our empire was ruled by George the Third, and by God's grace we only lost America and piled up the national debt; but think of an empire ruled by millions of Georges! Teaching the young requires great wisdom and sympathy, and we trust it to people paid half wages, the "otherwise unemployed." In the secondary schools also we find this penny wise pound foolish policy, and it is particularly evil in the great technical schools. A city is proud of its magnificent college of science, first because of its architecture: secondly, because of its equipment in apparatus, perhaps in steam and gas engines and other expensive machinery. And the man in charge of the most important department of that college receives perhaps £250 a year. He ought to get at least £600. That is the market price of a fit man, and without a fit man the whole money and the time of students are being wasted; the thing is really a fraud, a whited sepulcher, and of course the principal is always a classical non-scientific man. Photographs of the building and its laboratories are very fine to look at in guide-books of the city, and the managers of the college get public thanks for their services. I know nearly all the technical and science colleges of Great Britain, and I hardly ever see any of their complacent managers, members of their governing bodies, without wishing that I had some of the powers of the familiars of the old Spanish Inquisition. What right have they to undertake duties which require a knowledge of natural science?
The latest proposal of our callous copiers of the Germans is to make attendance at evening classes compulsory up to the age of seventeen. At present working boys attend evening classes voluntarily, although in many cases they are too tired to learn much. Yet many of them do learn. These boys are almost martyrs. They sacrifice so many of their poor pleasures, and indeed duties, that they certainly deserve success in life. But it is not fair to impose these sacrifices upon boys who are, as apprentices, learning the principles underlying their trade, and who are paid only small wages on the understanding that their masters teach these principles. In 1889 I introduced a bill into the Kensington Parliament compelling employers to provide such instruction during the working hours. Reforms of all kinds proceed with exasperating slowness, but already many employers are carrying out this idea.
In some things we reformers have made way. It is now recognized almost everywhere that examinations ought to be conducted mainly by the teachers of a student. I have often put the matter in this way: Huxley used to teach about forty students in biology; we can not imagine better teaching. But if those students had only wanted to pass the examination of London University, it is quite certain that they would have done very much better by attending the class of a cheap crammer. A university consisting of two, three, or more federated colleges is very little better than a mere outside examining body, and this is what London University has always been. I am glad that a change towards something better is now about to take place. A number of separate universities would be better, but in two years or less, probably, the colleges of London will conduct their own intermediate and degree examinations. One result will be that when a man gets his degree he will not shut up his books forever.
I would, however, point out that Old London University, which was a mere examining body, served an exceedingly important purpose. This statement may seem curious coming from a person who has always railed at London University as a mere examining board. I still say that it was never a university at all in the past. But a man reading hard by himself, perhaps far away from a college, could have a severe test applied to his acquirements which encouraged him in his studies when he had no other encouragement, and the test was very rightly a severe test. To do away with its outside examinations altogether, as I believe is the intention of the authorities, will be exceedingly harmful. It would be impertinent in me to make a suggestion as to the distinction which might be made between a degree conferred by his own professors upon a man who has attended regularly a college of repute, and a degree conferred by a mere examining body upon an outside student. For the first, the examination test may be easy. The Oxford and Cambridge pass degree examinations are quite easy, and rightly so, for the real qualification is that an undergraduate shall have lived for three years in the intellectual and cultured life of an Oxford or Cambridge college. In the other case the mere examination is the only test, and it is rightly very severe. The two kinds of degree differ altogether in quality. In a new country of great distances I can imagine many good secondary schools to be established having neither sufficient funds nor sufficient pupils to be qualified as universities. Yet it may be of enormous importance that a few of the older pupils at such schools should as external students be examined for degrees by distant universities, which in such a case, are merely outside examining bodies. I can see the gradual increase in importance of such secondary schools leading to the establishment of something higher—namely, colleges of university rank—and I can see such affiliated colleges becoming universities themselves perhaps after a period in which two or more of them federated themselves as universities. But I say that there ought always to be some examination machinery by which a student who is too poor or who through any other circumstance is unable to attend a university college may be encouraged to study by himself, by having his attainments tested.
In this address I have said nothing about the education of women. I have always advocated higher education for girls, but it is surely wicked to teach girls as if they were boys. Men are concentrative, and they specialize; women observe more and more about many things, and they really have more capacity for acquiring mental power. Until quite recently girls were saved from stupidity, but the high schools are now giving a crammed knowledge of facts and of the opinions of the tribe, so that girls and women are ceasing to think for themselves. The education of men is in a bad way, but that of women is becoming much worse.
I think that in this address I have put forward no idea that I have not already published time after time in the last thirty-five years. I put these views forward again because, after much thought and much experience, I still think them to be correct, and I feel sure that they must prevail. But I must confess that it is only a very hopeful man who can peg away at a thankless task as Dr. Armstrong and I have been doing so long.
↑ From the address of the president of the Educational Science Section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Australia, 1914.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Popular_Science_Monthly/Volume_85/November_1914/The_Science_of_Education&oldid=8842552"
Last edited on 29 September 2018, at 12:22

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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IDLC Finance's profits surged 28 percent year-on-year to Tk 277.70 crore, propelled by the performance of its SME division.
"We will work hard to exceed this performance in 2018 and beyond," said Arif Khan, managing director of IDLC Finance, while unveiling the annual report at its head office in Dhaka.
The board proposed offering 30 percent cash dividend for last year, he said. Its earnings per share grew to Tk 6.13 from Tk 5.49 in the previous year, while its customer loans grew 15 percent year-on-year to Tk 7,149.90 crore.
In 2017, IDLC Finance acquired 11,295 new customers to take the total number to nearly 50,000.
The SME division led the growth with a rise of Tk 480 crore in its portfolio at the year-end. As of December 2017, the total SME loan stood at Tk 3,085 crore.
Its subsidiaries -- IDLC Securities, IDLC Investments, and IDLC Asset Management -- also posted strong performance, with 267 percent, 63 percent and 275 percent growth in profitability respectively over the preceding year.
"We managed to increase our loan book significantly in the last year while controlling the non-performing loan ratio. This sets the company a strong foundation based on which we can pursue further growth," Khan said.
The non-performing loans of the company accounted for 2.77 percent of its total outstanding loans in contrast to 2.98 percent a year earlier.
The financial institution is now spending a remarkable amount of fund to improve its human resource, which will ultimately boost client services, he added.


text:
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Brad Paisley's "Can't Wait" to Watch Carrie Underwood host of CMAs
Entertainment 3 Views
For the first time in over a decade a major change has been made to the CMA Awards host role – Carrie Underwood will return to host the 2019 CMA Awards, but longtime hosting partner Brad Paisley will not share the stage with her this November.
Underwood will instead work with two other legendary country women, Dolly Parton and Reba McIntyre, to honor iconic country music women all night long. And that looks just fine with Paisley.
Recognizing that this particular year is about the power of girls, Paisley noted, "As a fan of all 3 of these amazing women, I can't wait to watch" on Twitter. [19659002] Although his moods seemed kind enough, it's hard to deny that he is likely to really enjoy the POV show this year. How could he not have such amazing talent on stage?
Plus, fans ̵
1; although they support a lot of change – sweeten the situation for Paisley, leaving sweet comments on social media informing him that he will be very happy, he returns to his usual hosting gig. "We're excited too, but you better come back," one fan advised, as many others shouted, "Miss!"
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text:
Q: Множественное наследование Интерфейсов Допустим, два интерфейса, Alpha и Beta, реализуются в классе MyClass.
Что, если в обоих этих интерфейсах предоставляется метод reset(), объявляемый по умолчанию? Какой из вариантов этого метода будет выбран в классе MyClass? Из интерфейса Alpha или Beta?
С другой стороны, рассмотрим ситуацию, когда интерфейс Beta расширяет интерфейс Alpha.
Какой вариант метода по умолчанию используется в этом случае? А что, если в классе MyClass предоставляется собственная реализация этого метода?
Вопрос: приоритет отдается реализации метода в классе над его реализацией в интерфейсе. Как это понять?

A:
Какой из вариантов этого метода будет выбран в классе MyClass?

Никакой. Будет ошибка на этапе компиляции.

С другой стороны, рассмотрим ситуацию, когда интерфейс Beta расширяет интерфейс Alpha.

В этом случае будет вызван метод из Beta.

А что, если в классе MyClass предоставляется собственная реализация этого метода?

Тогда будет использоваться реализация метода из самого класса.

Вопрос: приоритет отдается реализации метода в классе над его реализацией в интерфейсе. Как это понять?

Если в интерфейса есть реализация метода по умолчанию, а в классе (который реализует этот интерфейс) этот метод тоже есть, то будет вызван метод из класса.
Собственно, утверждение из Вашего четвертого вопроса – это ответ на третий.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
require 'debox/command/base'

class Debox::Command::Logs < Debox::Command::Base
  include Debox::Utils

  help :index, params: ['application'], opt_params: ['environment'],text: "List logs for application and env"
  def index
    opt = { app: args[0] }
    opt[:env] = args[1] if args[1]

    Debox::API.logs(opt).each do |log|
      puts format_log_info(log)
    end
  end

  private

  def format_log_info(log)
    status = log[:success] ? "SUCCESS" : "FAILED"
    start_time = log[:start_time] ? DateTime.parse(log[:start_time]).to_s : ""
    end_time = log[:end_time] ? DateTime.parse(log[:end_time]).to_s : ""

    l = []
    l << log[:id]
    l << status
    l << log[:task]
    l << start_time
    l << log[:error]
    l.join "\t"
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Museo dell'Ottocento (Ferrara)
 Museo dell'Ottocento (Pescara)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Changing Lives ...One Hair At A Time.
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Soft toys, imaginary play. You're the mummy, taking care of your babies, you cuddle them and comfort them, already that maternal instinct so acute. Eager to understand the world, each day littered with questions, some easy, some not.
Dress ups, multiple times a day. Does this match? you ask. So determined, yet easily unsure you scamper close by my side, reassurance is your savour.
Pig-tails, accessories, pretty things.. Chatterbox, craft apprentice and kitchen helper...devouring fruit and baby spinach on a daily basis and the request for special sushi your treat. Baby cino at any cafe extra points if accompanied by a marshmallow.
Cuddles, kisses and loving me a billion plus infinity.
I thank Him every day you chose me to call your mum.
Crochet vest adapted from a cardigan pattern in Issue 1 of Simply Crochet Magazine. Instead of sleeves I did a simple scallop edge around the arm holes to finish off. This pattern uses 4 ply yarn...this colour is Gelato by Moda Vera, 1.2m of ribbon purchased at GJ's discount fabric and sealed at ends by hovering over a lighted match to stop it fraying.
Brenda, I love this vest, you're so clever. I need to have a crack at something other than blankets but at the moment it's easy, a no brainer and something I can do in my tired time. love it.
So sweet! You are very clever. Such beautiful words to go with your pictures.
Gorgeous Bren! That cardi is a huge splash of sunshine.
Your photos are lovely and that vest is divine!
She is so sweet - the little pony tail, the cardi - so, so sweet.


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New Bill to Restrict Toxic 'Forever Chemicals' Could Help Heal Hudson River Valley Water Supply
Water intakes at Washington Lake in Newburgh, a New York reservoir for drinking water contaminated with "forever chemicals." A federal bill could yield funding for cleanup. November 3rd, 2016 (Photo from Mike Groll/AP/Shutterstock)
Read the full article from Shantal Riley (Gothamist)
"Lawmakers took a major step last month to curb toxic chemicals that have polluted the water of cities and towns across America. If it passes in the U.S. Senate, the new bill will usher in a federal law to regulate 'forever chemicals' in air and drinking water. The legislation could bring vital funding and cleanups to affected Hudson Valley communities like the City of Newburgh.
On July 21, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill that would designate two persistent chemicals–perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)–as 'hazardous substances' and set a long-awaited, national standard for drinking water.
The compounds are the most studied in a group of thousands of PFAS – short for perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances. Known informally as 'forever chemicals,' because they don't break down in the environment, PFAS can take years to leave the human body. They're so widespread that most Americans have some level of PFAS in their blood.
Newburgh water was found contaminated with elevated levels of PFAS in 2016. The chemicals were later traced back to PFAS-containing fire foam at nearby Stewart Air National Guard Base. 'It's a step in the right direction,' said Newburgh Mayor Torrance Harvey.
Last year, New York State set a maximum contaminant level of 10 parts per trillion for PFOA and PFOS in drinking water. For context, in 2016, the city's lake reservoir tested with PFAS at 170 parts per trillion – more than twice the Environmental Protection Agency's current health advisory level. Months later, blood tests showed Newburgh residents had almost four times the amount of PFOS in their blood as the general U.S. population.
Humans are exposed to PFAS through food, dust, drinking water and products that contain them. They're found in everything from makeup and dental floss to carpets and paper to-go boxes. And they've been linked to certain cancers.
If signed into law, the PFAS Action Act of 2021 would empower the EPA to order the cleanup of contaminated sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. The bill would see PFOA and PFOS designated as hazardous air pollutants under the Clean Air Act, and give the EPA five years to determine whether to regulate other PFAS chemicals.
The EPA would also decide whether to classify PFAS as toxic pollutants under the Clean Water Act. If this happens, industrial polluters that discharge PFAS into certain water bodies could face steep fines and penalties.
'That's exactly how it got into our bodies in the City of Newburgh,' said the mayor, referring to a stream that carried PFAS from the air base into the city's drinking water reservoir at Washington Lake."…
City of NewburghComprehensive Environmental Responsecontaminated waterHudson Rivernew yorkPFASPFAS cleanup
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Articles For Planning Your Wedding
Investigating the Death of Jack Kerouac
Prior to his death, the writer Jack Kerouac sustained a violent beating in the Cactus Bar, a local tavern located in a black neighborhood in St. Petersburg, Florida. This event is of some significance, as the accounts of Kerouac's last year in Florida are often sketchy. In all of the biographies written about Jack Kerouac thus far, this incident is depicted as a barroom brawl with racial overtones. A closer look at this particular incident may shed some new light on the cause of Jack Kerouac's death.
In an interview with Frankie Edith Parker, Kerouac's first wife, which appeared in the Detroit News in 1979, staff writer William Dunn, in revealing the contents of a letter Ms. Parker had received from Kerouac shortly before his death, related the circumstances surrounding the beating as follows: "Kerouac went to a bar for a drink and to hear jazz. He had taken a disabled Air Force lieutenant with him. During the evening, the airman casually put his arm around a musician as the band was practicing. The musician resented this and punched the soldier. Kerouac then came to his aid but was badly beaten up." Later in the article, Dunn states that "Miss Parker offers provocative new thoughts on Kerouac's death on October 21, 1969, from massive abdominal bleeding. The reports of his death at the time…tie the abdominal bleeding to a hernia. His public assumed his death was the result of his life of boozing and dissipation. But Miss Parker believes the bleeding stemmed from a barroom fight Kerouac had been involved in six weeks before. A letter from Kerouac, dated September 8, 1969, tells of his getting 'mauled' in a Florida bar. Miss Parker calls it 'the death letter'."
It is significant to note that, in practically every account of Kerouac's death, there is scant attention paid to the fact that a few weeks prior to his death Kerouac complained to several people that he was suffering from a hernia and was not feeling well. In the last interview he ever granted, Kerouac told Jack McClintock of the St. Petersburg Times, "I've got a goddamn hernia, you know that? My goddamn belly button is popping out." Richard Hill, one of Kerouac's friends in his later years in Florida, states that Kerouac "…was almost persuaded to undergo surgery for the hernia, but settled instead for taping a Kennedy half dollar to his navel to hold it in."
Sometime during the afternoon on Monday, October 20, 1969, several veins in Kerouac's stomach ruptured and he began to hemorrhage. His wife, Stella, rushed Jack to nearby St. Anthony's Hospital, where she remained with him while a team of surgeons labored to save his life. Over the course of the night, the doctors pumped thirty units of blood into Kerouac's failing body. This action depleted the hospital's blood bank and a call went out for Type A Positive blood donors. Shortly after midnight, after three hours of surgery, Kerouac was wheeled into the recovery room. At 5:30 AM on Tuesday, October 21, 1969, Jack Kerouac died in a hospital bed in St. Petersburg, Florida.. His long journey on the road was over.
Filed Under: Book-Reviews


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U.S., Iran trade allegations over possible prisoner swap
By Guy Taylor - The Washington Times
The Biden administration's push for diplomacy with Iran hit a fresh roadblock over the weekend, with the sides trading blame over the apparent breakdown of a prisoner swap that's likely to delay the restart of nuclear talks.
An Iranian Foreign Ministry spokesman claimed Sunday that the prisoner swap was in the works, despite denials by the Biden administration of an agreement on such an exchange.
"'Outrageous' = the US denying simple fact that there IS an agreed deal on the matter of the detainees. Even on how to announce it," tweeted Foreign Ministry spokesman Saeed Khatibzadeh.
The comment came hours after a Biden administration spokesman said Iran was the one being outrageous by accusing the U.S. of delaying a prisoner swap in order to force a resumption of stalled nuclear talks.
State Department spokesman Ned Price on Saturday denied there was even an agreement on a swap, saying only that the administration was prepared to continue talks about prisoners while waiting for the resumption of nuclear negotiations with Iran.
Mr. Price said the Iranians were engaged in "an outrageous effort to deflect blame for the current impasse on a potential mutual return to compliance" with the Obama-era nuclear deal known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
The deal has been faltering since former President Donald Trump pulled the U.S. out of it in 2018, a move Tehran responded to by carrying out its own violations of the deal.
Mr. Price's comments on Saturday came after a pair of tweets from chief Iranian nuclear negotiator Seyyed Abbas Araghchi.
Mr. Araghchi claimed indirect nuclear talks that have been taking place recently in Vienna cannot resume until Iranian President-elect Ebrahim Raisi formally takes office in August.
He also claimed that the United States and the United Kingdom had agreed to prisoner swap with Iran, but were delaying it by trying to make it contingent on the resumption of the nuclear talks.
The nuclear talks "await our new administration. This is what every democracy demands," Mr. Aragchi said, adding that the U.S. and Britain "need to understand this and stop linking a humanitarian exchange — ready to be implemented — with the JCPOA."
"TEN PRISONERS on all sides may be released TOMORROW if US&UK fulfill their part of deal," the Iranian negotiator wrote.
There had been no news of a swap having taken place as of Sunday evening Iran time.
The latest back-and-forth signals ongoing difficulty for President Biden's pursuit of talks toward restoring the 2015 Iranian nuclear deal that Trump critics say was hastily trashed by the former president.
The nuclear deal delivered billions in sanctions relief to Iran in exchange for limits to and United Nations inspections of — Iranian nuclear activities.
Tehran claims its nuclear program is peaceful but there has long been consensus among U.S. and European intelligence officials that the program is geared toward building nuclear bombs in repeated violation of U.N. Security Council resolutions.
Throughout the nuclear negotiations, the State Department has kept Iran listed as state sponsor of terrorism, publishing annual reports that outline Tehran's support for terrorist activities around the Middle East.
With regard to reports of a possible U.S.-Iran prisoner swap, Reuters noted over the weekend that Iran is holding a handful of Iranian-Americans and has been accused by rights activists of arresting dual nationals to try to extract a concession from other countries — a charge Tehran dismisses.
Iranian officials claim they are pushing for the release of release of Iranian prisoners being held in American and other jails for violating U.S. sanctions.
Reuters noted that in May, the Biden administration denied a report by Iranian state television that the countries had reached a prisoner swap deal in exchange for the release of $7 billion in frozen Iranian oil funds under U.S. sanctions in other countries.
• Guy Taylor can be reached at gtaylor@washingtontimes.com.


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networks on a global stage. This led to our decision to sponsor the "Future Artists Tokyo 2019" (FAT2019).
support of hidden young talents.
interaction between students beyond the border of their respective schools and faculties from across Japan.
Warehouse TERRADA's T-ART HALL (from March 5th to 10th in Tennoz, Tokyo).
This exhibition may bring new artists and curators into the world, who will lead Japan in the future.
* This is a certified project of beyond 2020 program.


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Memorial in Colo. now marks revenge slaughter of Indians
SAND CREEK MASSACRE NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE, Colo. - More than 142 years after a band of militia volunteers massacred 150 sleeping Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho in a misdirected act of vengeance, a memorial to the tragic event was dedicated yesterday.
Descendants of attacked Arapaho pray at the dedication. They are (from left) Elizabeth Yellow Bear, Mary Bear and Mary Underwood.Read more
by By Robert Weller, Associated Press, Inquirer
The Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site, 160 miles southeast of Denver on Big Sandy Creek in Kiowa County, pays tribute to those killed in the Nov. 29, 1864, attack.
Seeking revenge for the killings of several settlers by Indians, 700 militia members slaughtered nearly everyone in the village. Most victims were women or children.
Descendants of some of the victims were among several hundred people at the dedication on the rolling hills of the southeastern Colorado plains. The crowd gathered a few hundred feet from a stand of cottonwood trees that historians believe marks the site of the killings along the creek.
After a prayer and a blessing for the troops in Iraq, members of the Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes chanted and played drums.
"It's a site of shame, but it's finally being memorialized properly," said David Halaas, a former state historian.
Eyewitness accounts of the attack include a letter from Lt. Joseph Cranmer: "A squaw ripped open and a child taken from her. Little children shot while begging for their lives."
Tribe descendants claim they can still hear the children cry when they visit the site.
"If there were any savages that day, it was not the Indian people," said former U.S. Sen. Ben Nighthorse Campbell, a member of the Northern Cheyenne tribe.
Campbell, who sponsored the legislation making the spot a national historic site, said he slept beside the creek Friday night "to get a picture" of what the people saw before the attack.
And Patricia Limerick, chairwoman of the University of Colorado's Center of the American West and author of Legacy of Conquest, said: "I think it is the greatest testimony of the strength of a nation - that you are big enough and strong enough to acknowledge the cruelties and injuries of the past."
The attack was recognized almost immediately as criminal. Congress condemned it, and President Abraham Lincoln fired territorial Gov. John Evans.
Witnesses said at a congressional hearing that the victims had not been hostile. Indian trader John S. Smith testified that the militia's leader, Col. John Chivington, had known the band at Sand Creek was peaceful and not involved in the attacks on settlers.
But Denver residents feted Chivington, a Methodist minister known as "the fighting parson," as a hero after the raid. They were terrified that the Confederacy would use Indians as its surrogates to wage war on them.
"Among the brilliant feats of arms in Indian warfare, the recent campaign of our Colorado volunteers will stand in history with few rivals, and none to exceed it in final results," read an editorial in the Rocky Mountain News at the time.
By Robert Weller, Associated Press, Inquirer


If you want to obtain Eilerman Adjustable Height Swivel Bar Stool (Set of 2) By Orren Ellis , look for top quality timber joinery. If your part is fixed jointly or if perhaps fingernails and screws are utilized to retain the furniture collectively, it does not very last lengthy. It is best to spend more money to acquire a Eilerman Adjustable Height Swivel Bar Stool (Set of 2) By Orren Ellis with many exceptional wood joinery work on it. Actually glance at the thighs and legs associated with a Eilerman Adjustable Height Swivel Bar Stool (Set of 2) By Orren Ellis you are considering buying. Individuals thighs will need to not only help bodyweight, they'll additionally be in contact with your flooring surfaces. When they appear like they'll do injury to your flooring due to the resources utilized (like metallic), then you really should select a distinct fashion. When choosing Eilerman Adjustable Height Swivel Bar Stool (Set of 2) By Orren Ellis for your personal family room, pick natural shades. You can modify the hues and also other furnishings in the room by changing highlights, fresh paint as well as other points. Because of this, it is simple to modify up the design of your living room area without spending a lot of money.
Everybody wants to possess a bar in their home! Catching a drink in your own individual bar is more thrilling than sitting on the sofa. The couch doesn't provide the same feeling! There are some individuals, who develop the club of the dreams but they're uncertain about the type of bar stools they can purchase. Should you ask us, you should purchase the right club stool. It ought to be visually appealing, helpful and comfortable. You may wish to buy barstools for the restaurant or perhaps your houses club. You have to maintain few issues in mind before buying the right barstools. Today, we will cover the tips for buying for leather barstools. Also, we've produced a list of Top Ten Leather Bar Stools. This list has reviews of every bar stool which will help you to pick the ideal 1. Continue reading to discover and decide. Looking for the right club stool for your house? Well, you have to feel the list to obtain an idea. We are sure that you will find what you are looking for in this list! We have protected the important thing functions to help you make a decision. The good news is that you can buy these stools online! These will be sent to your house within few days. So, feel the list and pick the right.
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With nearly 100 5-celebrity reviews, this reclining loveseat is recommended because of its comfort, durability, appearance and easy set up. In addition to gentle, but encouraging soft cushions, it provides a sliding mechanism, so you can place your ft up and rock (although, not simultaneously.) Padded with ultra-long lasting bonded leather, this reclining loveseat will resist holes, releases and stainswhich is a good thing, since it also features a storage area console (where you can hide your treats, of course) along with a two-mug owner. Whether youre deciding in for a Blockbuster online excessive or viewing football together with your team, this reclining loveseat offers the durability and comfort with out emptying your wallet.
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If you are looking for some severe relaxation, this loveseats strong pillow back again and folded hands will deliverbut at a higher cost. Each seat cushioning consists of 30 individual pocketed circles for springtime and support, and high resilience chair foam for an additional layer of plushness and durability. In addition, the foam cushions are topped with super gentle, blended lower feathers. For the additional comfort and ease, you will find three regular jobs: seated, a small lie down by having an elevated footrest, and a full recline with an raised footrest. It does not harm this lying loveseat looks lux, either. Its all-leather upholstery and ornamental nail head trim provide a vintage look that may function with lots of home decorations designs, from traditional to country to arts and crafts. Plus, leather holds up nicely towards daily use, children and dog hair and nails. Just remember to situation the leather-based every 6 to twelve months.
Serta RTA Copenhagen Collection 61 Loveseat in Marzipan was created especially for small areas. Nevertheless, you can use it in any room: apartment, dormitory and so on. This set provides you with ample support. It boasts of high quality fabric, higher density foam pocketed coils, leading-collection rayon dietary fiber, and strong hardwood frame. This adds to the comfort and ease, durability, and toughness of the set. The set also includes an extremely wide back again shoulder straps. The established includes additional comfy cushions all which makes it more comfortable. Notably, it's softly rounded hands and plush fabric to give it the outstanding appear that suits with any design. The established list small, consequently it's very easy to transport. It features a minor scent that fades with time. More importantly, the couch is very easy to construct. It offers the putting together tools and instructions. You comfortably invest your cent hear. It acts the reason.
With almost 100 5-celebrity evaluations, this reclining loveseat is touted because of its comfort, durability, appearance and ease of assembly. In addition to gentle, but encouraging cushions, it provides a gliding system, so you can put your ft up and rock (though, not at the same time.) Padded with ultra-long lasting bonded leather-based, this lying loveseat will avoid tears, rips and stainswhich is a good thing, because it also includes a storage space compartment console (where you can hide your treats, of course) and a two-cup owner. Whether you are settling in for a Netflix binge or viewing football together with your crew, this lying loveseat offers the durability and comfort without emptying your wallet.
This lying loveseat takes the 2nd spot simply because its a super affordable, extremely comfortable choice that may participate in most home dcor styles. Its wood frame is cushioned with circles (for some springtime) and high-density foam (for many gentle), and padded with brownish faux leather-based that makes it an ultra-flexible piece of furniture. Combine it with the person cavern for any comfy destination to view the game (and do not worry about any spillsits vinyl fabric upholstery makes clean-up simple) or your family room with a couple of ornamental toss pillows for that ideal place to comfortable up after a long day. Real-life customers love this reclining loveseat because its comfy, durable, easy to assemble 1 rater even mentioned that she could put together two models in under 45 minutes! and shipping from the vendor is a breeze.
If youre looking for some serious rest, this loveseats strong cushion back and folded hands will deliverbut at a higher cost. Every chair cushioning consists of 30 person pocketed coils for spring and assistance, and high resilience seat froth for an extra layer of plushness and durability. In addition, the foam cushions are topped with extremely gentle, blended lower feathers. For your extra comfort and ease, there are 3 standard positions: seated, a small lie down with an raised foot rest, along with a complete lie down with an elevated footrest. It doesnt hurt this reclining loveseat looks lux, possibly. Its all-leather-based furniture and ornamental nail head trim give it a classic appear that can work with a lot of house dcor designs, from traditional to country to crafts and arts. Plus, leather-based stands up nicely against everyday use, children and pet locks and nails. Just remember to situation the leather each and every 6 to 12 months.
This is actually the subsequent couch on the checklist. It's additional comfortable and very ideal for small rooms or attic residing. It is upholstered in polyester fabric, prospects inset buttons that give an elegant diamond-tufted style. It is made from durable supplies and also the legs are made of long lasting wood to increase its sturdiness. The loveseat comes with an espresso discolored wooden legs and no-marking feet caps. It offers an appropriate foam padding and polyester fabric furniture which makes it very magnificent. It has a longue spot that gives an exceptional space for relaxing.
This ultra-elegant, higher-sovereign sofa is designed to support cutting-advantage lounge development. It is created as a 2-piece sectional sofa combined with an attractive lounger. Additionally, it offers cellular arm rests and beneficial back again support. The beautiful tapestry is finished with dark fake leather, securely tufted. You are able to feel comfortable cushioning with froth within the seat soft cushions. This guarantees a fragile feeling whenever you relaxation following a boring day. The couch is reinforced with wooden advantage covered with dark synthetic leather. Fake tufted leather-based and strong pinus radiata give extreme brightness. It is true that it requires a second appear since it is more expensive than it really appears to be. Speaking of dimension, its huge! This is what adds more stars for this set. The peak can also be impressive for high and brief people.
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