This song by BioRad is a funny discussion starter on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and biotechnology. For a full lesson plan, with editable slides for students and a complete TED Ed lesson (with quiz), visit the full page.
Click to go to the TED-Ed lesson on PCR.
There's a good chance that you'd not be here to read this without the pharmaceutical industry designing and manufacturing the vaccines and medications you've used during your life – but how much do we know about where they come from?
In this thoughtful, well-researched and instructive book, Ben Goldacre* (doctor, evidence-based medicine proponent and author of Bad Science) outlines how Big Pharma works, but also what the issues are and how they can be fixed. He has a TEDMED Talk on the premise of the book (below) and takes care no to write a 'hatchet-job' on the industry, but to shine a light on the current state of clinical research and marketing.
I recommend the book to IB Biology and IB Chemistry students and teachers – read a copy before the next teaching cycle begins – as there are many sections of direct relevance to our courses that could be used as lesson ideas or real-world contexts for what we're learning. It would make a great addition to the reading list for students, especially those intending to pursue medical, biochemistry or pharmaceutical careers.
In each chapter, Goldacre identifies a problem and gives a clear account of why it is a problem, using systematic reviews of academic literature and specific case studies to highlight each point. He makes it clear to the reader why these problems actually are problems, but also offers concrete advice or proposals on how to solve them.
Chapter 1 gets stuck in with statistical analysis and why systematic reviews of literature, meta-analyses and careful work with data are so important. It introduces the work of the Cochrane Collaboration and works through a neat illustration of the importance of considering all the data as more studies are carried out. The Cochrane Collaboration's logo is itself a fascinating story, and you could model this in class with a simple set of investigations in the early stages of the course (see some ideas on the Statistical Analysis page).This video is very useful – from the Testing Treatments page.
The ideas and issues come thick and fast for the rest of the book.
What is the problem with missing trial data and publishing only favourable results?
What does this publication bias do the reliability of the information we use to make decisions?
How are drugs designed and tested (this is super interesting, going from in-vitro and animal testing to stage 1, 2 and 3 human trials, and has an obvious link to the IB Animal Experimentation Policy).
What are the ethical issues with human testing, in particular the ideal/ representative nature of the patients used and the incentives they receive?
What is the impact of outsourcing trials to other countries that might have different ethical codes?
What are the ethical issues of randomising and controlling trials with humans, particularly in cases where there is a known drug that helps compared to a new drug?
What are the roles of drugs regulators on medicine and are they working?
How should trials be designed to give more valid and reliable data (for example, comparing the 'new' drug against the current best alternative vs placebo)?
How could we use nationwide health records to conduct larger, simpler trials to determine which treatments really are most effective?
How do the many branches of pharmaceutical marketing affect decision-making and how can we recognise and mitigate for this?
How can we fix it all to keep medical innovation going whilst generating reliable, cost-effective data and drugs?
*Yeah, I know I'm a bit of a fanboy and have featured him on here a lot, but with this and Bad Science, he has produced a lot of useful content to connect to our classes.
With links to stem cells, genetic engineering and biotechnology, homeostasis and the kidney, the current science outlined in this TED Talk by Anthony Atala is amazing. It includes a demonstration of a real kidney being printed and a student who has an engineered bladder and now lives a normal life. Wow.
With huge numbers of people waiting for kidney transplants, is this the future of transplant medicine?
Thinking of kidneys, the Guardian has a link to an AP article: Mystery illness kills thousands in South America.
Neil deGrasse Tyson presents this short PBS NOVA overview of how epigenetics determines the differences between gene expressions in identical twins, how epigenetic variations build up over time and how it affects us. A relatively new, but very interesting field of medicine and genetics, this is a good introduction.
Epigenetics is not directly mentioned in our syllabus, but does help us to connect the ideas of nature vs nurture, genetic variation and inheritance. To what extent does the nurture of our cellular environment (lifestyle) affect the genetic nature of who we are?
For some more really good resources on epigenetics, visit the brilliant Learn.Genetics site from Utah.
Thanks to Ed Yong for posting this on his weekly links roundup.
Here is the updated presentation for 4.4 Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. There are some new slides and clearer explanations, as well as a new visual identity. It should also be downloadable as a pptx file.
For many more resources go to the page for 4.4 Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology.
This is the predictable and perennial question that comes up from at least one student when we are looking at stem cells, genetic engineering, cell differentiation and transplanting. Until now, the answer has (perhaps in an oversimplified way) been 'no'.
We can use stem cell transplants to treat lymphoma. Recently a young woman had a trachea transplant based on stem cell technology. Skin grafts from a patient's own cultured cells are also possible, as are stem cell-based bladders. However, these are all rather simple technologies.
To treat lymphoma, bone marrow cells are replaced, and are all the same. The trachea transplant was a pre-existing trachea simply coated in the patient's stem cells to prevent immune rejection. Skin transplants are basically sheets of epidermis that cover a wound, yet do not have the intricate functions of original skin: temperature regulation, secretion, senses. The bladder is a bag.
The challenge with using stem cells to transplant a more complex organ, such as a heart, is that it is not a simple sheet made of one type of cell. It is complex 3D structure, with a range of cells performing specific tasks within the organ. These cells have differentiated to perform their functions: cardiomyocytes (beating cells), vascular endothelial cells (smooth internal surfaces) and smooth muscle cells (blood vessel walls).
How can we get the stem cells to become the right type of cell, in the right position?
A full article to accompany the footage is here.
1. Find a suitable transplant organ, such as a pig's heart.
2. Strip of all cells and DNA, using a detergent. Only the collagen 'scaffold' remains, as in the image of the decellularised heart to the right.
3. Coat the scaffold with the recipient's stem cells.
4. Ensure that the blood supply is adequate and will provide the right signals for differentiation.
What is amazing in this case is how the cells 'knew' what specialised cells to become. The leader of the research group, Dr. Doris Taylor, puts it down to the mechanical stimulus of the pressure of the blood in the vessels and chambers and chemical signals from growth factors and peptides that remained on the stripped heart structure.
They even went as far as replacing a healthy rat's heart with one of these new hybrid hearts. The rat survived for the trial, but she says they need to focus on producing more muscular hearts in order to ensure long-term survival of transplant recipients.
1. What are the potential uses for this kind of transplant technology?
2. What are the current limitations of this method and how might they be overcome?
3. What are the ethical issues related to using hybrid (pig-human) organs in medical transplants? How would you feel if you were the patient?
4. Who are the various stakeholders in this technology and what are their viewpoints?
Research reveals how stem cells build a heart, from Harvard news.
The Molecular Logic Project aims "to improve the ability of all students to understand fundamental biological phenomena in terms of the interactions of atoms and molecules". They achieve this with an extensive database of online java-based simluations and models for students to use. The animations are simple, and there are a lot of activities to choose from. To make it work, you'll need to install their software.
How do mutations affect protein folding?
How does gene mutation affect protein folding?
And loads more here: Biology, Molecular Biology (Chem of life), Physics/Chemistry.
And as always, click on the shadowed images in the presentations to be taken to source videos and animations.
Here are all the presentations for the Genetics topics.
With all the webspace devoted to genetics and biotechnology at the moment, it's great to stumble upon a site that is bringing 'old school' Science into the new millenium. Though no-one seems to call it botany any more!
The Plant and Soil Science eLibrary hosts a collection of animations on plant science topics and cell biology that are useful, clear and can be easily downloaded. They are all also available in Spanish and many have pdf help notes for students.
The site is designed primarily for people who wish to earn credit for further studies in crop science and contains such units as plant physiology, crop technology and nutrition technology. There's even some genetics in there.
Click on the image to see their transpiration example.
This topic is Science at the moment, so let's keep it as concise as possible. Some people go as far as studying a degree in all this, but that can wait for now!
If this catches your imagination, dig deeper!


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A Part of History: A senior's experience protesting in Poland
The protesters in front of the court house in Gdańsk. Photo used with permission from Jeremi Kalkowski.
Priya Reddy
The group in Gdańsk was small, compared to the large crowd at the Feb. 4 "No ban, no wall" protest in San Francisco that he'd been to previously, but the decibel levels at this protest were just as strong. And so were the protesters' convictions, as new chants started every three minutes, shouts of "two down, one more to go!" spreading throughout the crowd.
On July 21, Poland's lower Parliament passed a bill that would have allowed the populist government there to push all of their Supreme Court judges into retirement. In response to this, protestors lined the streets in defense of the separation of powers and against the signing of the bill by Poland's president, Andrzej Duda. Following these protests, the president vetoed the first and second proposed bills, which would affect the Federal and county level respectively. Soon after, protesters took to the street once again to protest the last of the three proposed bills, which would affect the local levels.
"You definitely don't feel like you're the one making history, but you are the one being part of history, which I think is a very subtle but important distinction," Kalkowski said.
Senior Jeremi Kalkowski considers himself to be both American and Polish, his dual citizenship being a perfect example of this. When he's at school, he speaks English and acts more American, but when he gets home, he switches to Polish. Every summer just after school ends, he goes back to Poland with his family and doesn't come back until right before school begins again. This year, when he returned to Poland, he watched as protests unfolded across the country,including Gdańsk, a city near him.
One day after the president vetoed the first and second bills for the federal and county level, but had yet to veto the bill for control over the local level, protesters took to the streets once again to push for the third and last of the proposed bills to be vetoed. Kalkowski's mother, a foreign news correspondent who reports on American news for Polish radio stations, was going to the protests and asked if he wanted to come along. Kalkowski decided to go, despite being unsure of what he would do there.
"I initially came in and was watching and was like, 'Wow, that's a really loud crowd of a lot of people, and this looks very interesting,'" Kalkowski said. "But once the chants started going, and once they started having speakers I'm like, 'They're talking sense.'"
Protesters in Gdańsk unfurl a Polish flag outside of a courthouse. Photo used with permission from Jeremi Kalkowski.
And as he continued to watch, he felt compelled to join in.
"[I was watching and thinking to myself] 'You know what, I think it's the right thing for me to just join in and just to lend my voice to a larger goal,'" Kalkowski said.
When he joined in and listened to the speakers, Kalkowski found himself standing just yards away from Lech Wałęsa, not only a former president of Poland, but the co-leader of the Solidarity movement in the early 1980s. He found it fascinating to be standing by someone who had been a part of the history of Poland.
"You never stand out, you're part of a larger collective," Kalkowski said."That definitely lends itself to the feeling of 'I am here, I am part of this and I am adding whatever I can to this larger idea that can hopefully influence events in the future and in the present.'"
As he took part in the protest, Kalkowski noted the more restrained atmosphere of the protest, which remained respectful without losing any of its impact. To him, the mood of the protest seemed to be more optimistic than previous protests in places such as Warsaw, based on what he saw in the news, as two of the proposed bills had already been vetoed. The previous protests in Warsaw had taken place before the President had vetoed the first two bills.
The protest, which took place by the court house, was across the street from a hospital and Kalkowski remembers being impressed by how the crowd, there to protest for the ideologies, would move to the side for the ambulances driving by with their sirens flashing to get by, before moving back and continue to protest.
It took two days and some reflection on the protest, however, for Kalkowski to really feel the impact of the protest.
Priya Reddy, Staff writer
Priya Reddy is a senior at MVHS, a third year staff member and a managing editor. Priya was a multimedia Special Report editor her sophomore year and a print Special Report editor her junior year. She likes to read, watch trashy action movies and take long naps.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Murphy's Saloon Blues Podcast #41 - All New & Blue, Too
• I Got Love If You Want It by Steve Gardner, from Big Delta Crossing (2005), available from CD Baby and the iTunes Music Store. Steve's Web site is here.
• Big City Woman by Doug MacLeod, from A Little Sin (2002), available from Black & Tan Records, the iTMS and Amazon.com. Doug's Web site is here.
• She's Trouble by Reggie Miles, from Katrina Blues (2006). For more information, visit Reggie's Geocities site and MySpace page. You can also get Reggie's 1995 CD Stray Dog Blues from CD Baby.
• Texas Easy Street by Jim Suhler, from Dirt Road (2002), available from TopCat Records, CD Baby, the iTMS and Amazon.com. Jim's site is here.
• I Like It Like That by Chick Willis, from I Did It All (2005), available from ChickWillis.com, the iTMS and Amazon.com.
• Sweet Lovin' Man by Calvin Owens, from The House Is Burnin' (2002), available from TopCat Records, CD Baby, the iTMS and Amazon.com. Calvin's Web site is here.
• Young And Evil by Billy Boy Arnold, from Back Where I Belong (1993), available from Alligator Records, the iTMS and Amazon.com.
• Ain't Got No Home by Roscoe Chenier, from Waiting For My Tomorrow (2006), available from Black & Tan Records, the iTMS and Amazon.com.
Excellent online resources for more information about the blues: The Blues Foundation and the Delta Blues Museum; and be sure to download and listen to the DBM's top-notch (and free) podcast, the Uncensored History of the Blues.
(Music on Murphy's Saloon #41 courtesy of the artists and the Podsafe Music Network, where I obtained many of these tracks)
Murphy's Saloon Blues Podcast #40 - Alejandro Escovedo
• Mary Ann by EB Davis & The Superband, from Live at Yorckschlossen, Berlin (2000). EB sells his own CDs through his online store. You can also learn more at his MySpace page, and at EB Davis.com.
• Lafayette Cajun by Blue Stew, from Headed South (2005). All four of Blue Stew's albums are available on CD from CD Baby. Also available from Amazon.com, are their albums Stumbling Blocks and Stepping Stones (January 2000), and Destination: The Blues (November 2000). Headed South is also available from Silk City Records. All tracks from all Blue Stew albums are available as individual digital downloads for 99 cents each from their brand new Web site. I downloaded this track from the Podsafe Music Network.
• Copperhead Road by Steve Earle, from the Live at Montreux, 2005 CD, available from Amazon.com and the iTunes Music Store. Copperhead Road is also the title track of a superb, blistering electric album, available from both Amazon.com and the iTMS. I downloaded the acoustic solo version from the PMN.
• Crooked Frame by Alejandro Escovedo, from a sanctioned bootleg, Live at The Palms (1995). Three versions of Crooked Frame appear on Alejandro's album With These Hands (2003): an electric studio version from 2003, and two live versions (one electric, the other acoustic) recorded in 1996. With These Hands, and all of Alejandro's other albums (as well as some rareties and swag) are available from the store at his site. Most of his albums are available from the iTMS and Amazon.com.
• One More Time by Alejandro Escovedo, from Live at The Palms. Two electric (and very rocking) versions of One More Time are available: on Gravity (1992) and on With These Hands (recorded live at the South By Southwest Conference, 1996).
• Hooked On You by Albert Collins, from Cold Snap (1986), available from Aligator Records, the iTMS and Amazon.com. This track was downloaded from the PMN.
• Got The Blues In My Heart by Boo Boo Davis, from the CD Drew Mississippi forthcoming in October on Black & Tan Records. Pre-orders are possible at Amazon.com. This track downloaded from the PMN.
Mentioned on tonight's Murphy's Saloon: The Palms Playhouse.
The Blues Foundation and the Delta Blues Museum are excellent online resources for more information about the blues. Be sure to download and listen to the DBM's top-notch (and free) podcast, Uncensored History of the Blues.
(Music on Murphy's Saloon #40 courtesy of the artists and the Podsafe Music Network, where I downloaded some of these tracks)
Murphy's Saloon Blues Podcast #39 - Jon Dee Graham & Watermelon Slim Return
• New Stagger Lee Blues by Ross Neilsen, from his CD Where I'm From (2005), available exclusively from Landwash Distribution. For more information and other tracks, visit Ross' site and his page at the PodSafe Music Network.
• Give It Time by Eric Lindell, from his 2006 album Change in the Weather, available from Alligator Records, the iTMS and Amazon.com. Eric's fall tour schedule is here.
• Got To Have A Job by Little Charlie & The Nightcats, from their album Nine Lives (2005), available from Alligator Records, the iTMS and Amazon.com. You can learn about their upcoming gigs here.
• Dance Away The Blues by The Vargas Blues Band, with guest vocalist Devon Allman, from Love, Union, Peace (2005). To purchase Love, Union, Peace or any of Jose Vargas' 14 other albums, visit VargasBlues.com. A schedule of upcoming shows by the VBB is here.
• Something Wonderful by Jon Dee Graham & The Fighting Cocks, from a July 2, 2006 live set at FitzGerald's, one of the very best live music clubs in the Chicago area. The studio version of Something Wonderful is on the album Full (2006), available from LoneStarMusic.com or the iTMS. For more information about Jon Dee and his music, visit JonDeeGraham.com.
• Got To Find My Baby by Johnny Heartsman, from The Touch (1991), available from Alligator Records, the iTMS and Amazon.com.
• They Call Me Watermelon Slim by Watermelon Slim, from Big Shoes to Fill (2003), available from the store at Slim's site and NorthernBlues.com, as well as the iTMS and Amazon.com. Thanks also to Chris "Wick" Hardwick of Southern Artist Management.
Mentioned on tonight's Murphy's Saloon: the Trinidaddio Blues Fest VIII in Trinidad, CO, the FitzGerald's American Music Festival held in early July each year at FitzGerald's Nightclub in Berwyn, IL.
Please note: If this is your first visit, please feel free to skip the first 10-12 episodes of Murphy's Saloon, which you may find are of sub-par quality, sound-wise. If you decide to listen, just know that while the music is great, my voice may seem muffled in many of those shows.
Murphy's Saloon Blues Podcast #38 - Old Friends & Memories
• Keep You Motor Running by Dave Hole, from his 1992 album, Short Fuse Blues, available from Alligator Records, the iTunes Music Store and Amazon.com. Dave's site is here.
• Little Black Dress by Mean Gene Kelton & The Die Hards, from Most Requested (1999), available from Gene's online store, the iTMS and Amazon.com. Jambone Records, Gene's label, has a site under construction here, while Gene's own site is here.
• Snake Eye by John Mayall &The Bluesbreakers, from the 2005 CD, Road Dogs, available from Eagle Rock Entertainment, the iTMS and Amazon.com. The official John Mayall web site is here.
• Road Dogs, also by John Mayall & The Bluesbreakers and from Road Dogs.
• Sweet Talk & Wine by Blue Voodoo, from their CD The Storm (2005), available from CDBaby. Also available from CDBaby is Red Hot Blues (2004). Blue Voodoo's site is here.
• Doctor of Love by David Sansing, from his 1999 CD A Dream Deferred, which is available exclusively from the Music Discoveries Network. The MDN also has a bio page for Dave.
• Rocket In Your Pocket by Blue Plate Special, from Can You Dig It (2006), available from CD Baby and Amazon.com. Also available from CD Baby: The Blues Ain't Pretty (2000) and No Place To Fade (1998). No Place To Fade is also available from the iTMS. Blue Plate Special's site is here.
• Hard Enuff, also by Blue Plate Special and from Can You Dig It.
• Torch by Devon Allman's Honeytribe, from their just-released 2006 CD Torch, available from Hittin' the Note, the iTMS and Amazon.com . Also available from the iTMS - an earlier album entitled Bootleg: Live in Florida, released in January. The Honeytribe site is here.
Mentioned on tonight's Murphy's Saloon: Classmates.com and Hittin' the Note (the online home of all things Allman Bros.)
Visit the Blues Foundation, the Delta Blues Museum, and listen to the DBM's top-notch (and free) podcast, Uncensored History of the Blues, for more information about the blues.
Please note: If this is your first visit to Murphy's Saloon, you can skip the first 10-12 episodes, which you may find are of sub-par quality. If you decide to listen, just know that while the music is great, my voice may seem muffled in many of those shows.
(Music on Murphy's Saloon #38 courtesy of the artists and the Podsafe Music Network, where I downloaded some of these tracks. A special thanks to Ron, of Blue Plate Special)
RIP, Gordon Searls.
Direct download: ms0038_copy_1.mp3


Let us know what you think about it in the comments!
Join us at Lovage Bistro this festive season to celebrate your Christmas staff parties. With a wide range of set menus, we have something for everyone's budget and taste.
Crispy on the outside and soft on the inside. We finish off our baked sheep cheese with some local honey on a bed of garden salad.
Another great review left by one of our customers.
No meal is complete without dessert, so make sure you leave room for our Imqaret.
It's reviews like this that motivate us to continue driving us in everything that we do.
Now let us treat you while you celebrate with your friends and family.


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Maurice Delafosse
Maurice Delafosse (born December 20, 1870 in Sancergues , Département Cher , † November 13, 1926 in Paris ) was a French ethnographer , orientalist and colonial administrator who also worked in the field of African languages and who was one of the first Europeans to deal with the pre-colonial History of Africa dealt with.
1 work
In his main work Haut-Sénégal-Niger (1912) Delafosse tried to reconstruct the history of West Africa, especially the area of the ancient empires of Ghana , Mali and Songhai . Together with his father-in-law, Professor of Oriental Language at the Sorbonne, Oscar Houdas, he edited the two most important chronicles of West Africa, Tarikh al-Fettash and Tarikh al-Soudan (15th / 17th century) in a translation that is still valid today . In view of his specialization in oriental languages and Arabic sources such as Ibn Khaldun , he ignored the oral traditions of the West Africans and often overlooked the prejudices and one-sidedness hidden in the sources. As the founder of the Ghana Empire, he believed he had to accept fair-skinned immigrants from the Middle East and constructed large-scale migrations of Jewish tribes across the Sahara to today's Mauritania. In doing so, he created the myth of Jewish settlements across West Africa.
Delafosse also tended to allow speculative conclusions for the sake of the coherence of his system without providing any source evidence. The list of the kings of Mali , which was later adopted by many authors and also on the Internet, should be treated with great caution, as the apparently concrete dates, e.g. T. were made suitable to give a conclusive picture. To make a very dubious anecdote appear credible in his Arabic sources, he added a ruler named Abubakari II to the list of rulers and even provided him with specific reign dates (1310–1312), although there was no reliable evidence historical criticism could have withstood.
In a review of the biography written by his daughter, he is described as "one of the most outstanding French colonial administrators and ethnologists of his time." Delafosse had a disagreement with the French government over the administration of French Africa , and was subsequently for much of his life "More or less banished from the colonies".
Essai de manuel pratique de la langue mandé ou mandingue (1901) Ernest Leroux
Les frontières de la Côte d'Ivoire de la Côte d'or et du Soudan (1908) Masson
Haut Sénégal-Niger, 3 tomes (1912) (réédition chez Maisonneuve & Larose en 1972)
Traditions historiques et légendaires du Soudan occidental (1913)
Les langues de l'Afrique (1920)
L'âme nègre (1921) Payot
Les Noirs de l'Afrique (1922) Payot
Terminology religieuse au Soudan (1923)
Broussard ou les états d'âme d'un colonial (1923) Emile Larose
Les civilizations disparues, les civilizations négro-africaines (1925) Stock
Les Nègres (1927) Rieder et Cie (réédition chez l'Harmattan en 2005)
Maurice Delafosse: entre orientalisme et ethnographie; l'itinéraire d'un africaniste, 1870-1926. Sous la direction de Jean-Loup Amselle , Emmanuelle Sibeud. Paris, France: Maisonneuve et Larose, [1998]; ISBN 2-7068-1356-3 (Collection "Raisons ethnologiques") (Bibliography of the writings of Maurice Delafosse: p. 307–319 / Includes bibliographical references (p. 273–305)) ( Review )
Pekka Masonen: The Negroland Revisited: Discovery and Invention of the Sudanese Middle Ages. Helsinki 2000.
Important French Africa authors who have already died (French)
Text from Vocabulaires comparatifs de plus de 60 langues ou dialects parlés à la Côte d'Ivoire ou dans les régions limitrophes (avec des notes linguistiques et ethnologiques, une bibliographie et une carte)
↑ The largely speculative, source-based allegations of Delafosse are reactivated in the presence of Jewish organizations like the American KULANU and used to "prove" the uninterrupted presence of Jewish communities up to today's Ghana and Nigeria. See [1] .
^ Nehemia Levtzion, "The Thirteenth- and Fourteenth-Century Kings of Mali", Journal of African History 4 (1963), 341-353, spec. P. 345 ff. The apocryphal figure of Abubakari II has meanwhile become an important focal point of black historical consciousness among Afrocentric and Muslim circles in the USA, as this ruler is said to have discovered America 200 years before Columbus.
^ William B. Cohen: Maurice Delafosse, le Berrichon Conquis par l'Afrique by Louise Delafosse . In: The International Journal of African Historical Studies . Vol. 11, No. 2 (1978), pp. 302-305, doi : 10.2307 / 217447 .
^ Karel Arnaut: Maurice Delafosse. Entre orientalisme et ethnographie: l'itinéraire d'un africaniste (1870-1926) . In: Cahiers d'études africaines . No. 157 (2000). (Accessed Sept. 23, 2013)
SURNAME Delafosse, Maurice
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French ethnographer, orientalist and colonial administrator
PLACE OF BIRTH Sancergues , Cher department
DATE OF DEATH November 13, 1926
Place of death Paris
This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article "Maurice_Delafosse" (Authors); it is used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You may redistribute it, verbatim or modified, providing that you comply with the terms of the CC-BY-SA.


Spring is here! Here's a great project for the beginner craftsman. Make this quaint and solid swing bench for your porch, veranda or garden. It hangs with standard 1/2" rope or chain and can become the focal point of your deck or garden.
The intricate design of the bench is simplified by simple curves and many repeating and common parts.


Marriott Hotels , Marriott International's flagship brand with more than 500 global locations, is advancing the art of hosting so that our guests can travel brilliantly. As a host with Marriott Hotels, you will help keep this promise by delivering premium choices, sophisticated style, and well-crafted details. With your skills and imagination, together we will innovate and reinvent the future of travel.
JW Marriott is part of Marriott International's luxury portfolio and consists of more than 80 beautiful properties in gateway cities and distinctive resort locations around the world. JW believes our associates come first. Because if you're happy, our guests will be happy. It's as simple as that. Our hotels offer a work experience unlike any other, where you'll be part of a community and enjoy a true camaraderie with a diverse group of co-workers. JW creates opportunities for training, development, recognition and most importantly, a place where you can really pursue your passions in a luxury environment. Treating guests exceptionally starts with the way we take care of our associates. That's The JW Treatment™.
Others may call you a foodie, but you know you're much more than that. You want to learn all the tricks of the trade and be the master of the kitchen. When you join us, you'll find that there are no limits on your creativity or your potential. We inspire you to grow and challenge yourself because when you are pursuing excellence, you're helping us to provide exceptional travel experiences.
You hold yourself to a higher culinary standard and it is your attention to each preparation that keeps guests with us to dine. Working with a dedicated team of experts, you will learn something different every day as you work with new seasonal menus and unique presentations. You hard work pays off when a dish that you've thoughtfully helped to prepare has guests raving and anxious to return.
This role requires the ability to move and lift up to 25 lbs. Standing, sitting or walking for extended periods of time and ensuring a professional appearance in a clean uniform are also required. Prior to employment, we'll ask you to complete safety training and certification.


Born Jan. 25, 1946, in Toolesboro, he was the son of John H. and Mabel Foster Oberly. On May 23, 1987, he married Linda McIntire in Burlington.
Mr. Oberly owned and operated Marvin's Auto Body. He was a member of St. Paul's United Church of Christ. He enjoyed watching westerns and birds, drinking coffee and visiting with others. He was known for helping family, friends and strangers.
Survivors include his wife; three daughters, Kristine Lawson and Dawn Oberly, both of Burlington, and Wendy Taylor of West Bountiful, Utah; two sons, Douglas Oberly of Mount Pleasant and Dean Oberly of Harlan; one stepson, Charles Werner of Manor, Texas; one grandchild; one sister, Mary Honson of Mediapolis; and two brothers, Lloyd Oberly of Mediapolis and Donald Oberly of California.
Friends may call from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Sunday at Lunning Chapel in Burlington. The body has been cremated.
The memorial service for Mr. Oberly will be at 11 a.m. Monday at Lunning Chapel, with the Rev. Dean Moberg officiating. Family will receive friends for one hour prior to the service.


Get Instant ECONOMY Sea freight Quote on Shipping Cargo from the USA in momentarily!
In few days after ETD – an Estimated day of Departure of your cargo shipping from the USA, after receipt a full payment toward our invoice, you will receive from us carrier's express release ocean freight Bill of Lading in PDF file on your shipping from the USA. You may consider this Bill of Lading the title on your shipping cargo from the USA. Receiving this ocean freight Bill of Lading means that your cargo had been successfully departed to the destination on the ETD. At this time we should re-confirm ETA - an Estimated day of Arrival on your cargo from the USA as well.
In several days before the ETA - an Estimated day of Arrival of the cargo from the USA, carrier's destination agent should contact your consignee / notify party with a Notice of Arrival.
Note: Ocean freight carrier's destination agent may not receive any information on your transportation cargo from the USA until very few days before it will actually arrived the destination. If you contact them in advance, then fax or e-mail a copy of your International ocean freight Bill of Lading, verify your consignee's contact info in order to get an arrival notice on time and wait for the notice of arrival. You will see contact info of the ocean freight carrier's destination agent is in your ocean freight Bill of Lading within the 'For Delivery/Pickup Please Apply To' block.
If for any reasons you will not receive an Arrival Notice on the ETA, you should contact the international ocean freight carrier's destination agent, provide them with information from your shipping cargo from the USA.
You can try to track your shipping cargo online by the steamship lines vessel or by containers number as in your bill of lading. However, consolidated (LCL) cargo may be re-loaded into another container during the shipping from the USA. Then this way of tracking may be confusing.
INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING FROM USA WITH TRANS-SHIPMENTS: If your Bill of Lading shows that a port of discharge on your shipping freigh is different from the final destination, then the ETA on international shipments with trans-shipments may not be the ETA to the final destination, but to the port of transshipment. It may take additional 5-25 days to arrive. Some trans-shipments, from Europe to Africa for example, may take longer.
On FCL shipping freight from the USA use the approach above.
If you experience difficulties tracing your shipping cargo from the USA, please contact us for help.


text:
Californians May Have to Choose Between Showers and Laundry with New 55-Gallon Water Limit
By Paula Bolyard Jun 06, 2018 7:54 PM ET
Gov. Jerry Brown talks to reporters at the end of a meeting on the drought, as Brown's executive secretary Nancy McFadden looks on in Sacramento, Calif. (AP Photo/Rich Pedroncelli, file)
Late last week California Governor Jerry Brown signed into law two bills aimed at conserving water in the drought-stricken state. Unfortunately for California residents, the draconian measures will severely curtail their ability to complete acts of daily living that people in the rest of the U.S. take for granted—things like laundry, showers, and bathing.
On the Senate side, Bill 606 requires the State Water Resources Control Board to adopt "long-term standards for the efficient use of water and would establish specified standards for per capita daily indoor residential water use" in order to comply with another state law that requires California to reduce its per capita water usage by 20 percent by the year 2020.
The board would have authority over all water suppliers, imposing onerous reporting requirements on them to ensure they're complying with the 20 percent reduction mandate, and imposing fines if they don't.
Bill 1668, which passed in the Assembly and was signed into law by Brown, goes even further, severely limiting the amount of water Californians can use:
The bill, until January 1, 2025, would establish 55 gallons per capita daily as the standard for indoor residential water use, beginning January 1, 2025, would establish the greater of 52.5 gallons per capita daily or a standard recommended by the department and the board as the standard for indoor residential water use, and beginning January 1, 2030, would establish the greater of 50 gallons per capita daily or a standard recommended by the department and the board as the standard for indoor residential water use. The bill would impose civil liability for a violation of an order or regulation issued pursuant to these provisions, as specified.
Note that this language gives the State Water Resources Control Board—appointed by the governnor—to increase the limits on residential water usage at their discretion over the next 12 years.
Urban water suppliers will monitor water usage by California residents, with the law stipulating that they "shall use satellite imagery, site visits, or other best available technology to develop an accurate estimate of landscaped areas." Note the use of the word "shall," which means they must do it.
The U.S. Geological Survey estimates that the average American uses 80-100 gallons of water per day. According to the USGS website:
A bath uses around 36 gallons of water
A 10-minute shower uses 50 gallons
Washing clothes takes 25-40 gallons of water, depending on the machine's efficiency
Toilets normally use 1.6 gallons per flush (if you're using a low-flow model)
Shaving, brushing your teeth, and washing your face take a gallon each
As you can see, it's not difficult to use 55 gallons of water in the course of a normal day. California residents who opt for a shower will only be left with enough water to brush their teeth and perhaps flush the toilet a couple of times before they run afoul of the new state law.
Water providers face hefty fines if they're found to be in violation of the law:
1) If the violation occurs in a critically dry year immediately preceded by two or more consecutive below normal, dry, or critically dry years or during a period for which the Governor has issued a proclamation of a state of emergency under the California Emergency Services Act (Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 8550) of Division 1 of Title 2 of the Government Code) based on drought conditions, ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each day in which the violation occurs.
(2) For all violations other than those described in paragraph (1), one thousand dollars ($1,000) for each day in which the violation occurs.
Wealthy California residents, however, got a special dispensation from the legislature. There are to be special provisions for swimming pools, spas, "and other water features" that use a lot of water.
Victor Davis Hanson, writing for City-Journal in 2016, explained the genesis of the California water crisis, writing that Governor Jerry Brown and other Democratic leaders opposed state and federal water projects in the 1970s, leaving "no margin for error in a state now home to 40 million people."
"Those who did the most to cancel water projects and divert reservoir water to pursue their reactionary nineteenth-century dreams of a scenic, depopulated, and fish-friendly environment enjoy lifestyles predicated entirely on the fragile early twentieth-century water projects of the sort they now condemn," he said.
Hanson noted at National Review last year that "Over some 50 consecutive months of drought, California did not start work on a single major reservoir — though many had long ago been planned and designed." Instead, he said, "tens of millions of acre-feet of precious runoff water last year were simply let out to the ocean" due to environmental diversions.
Hanson warned lawmakers to "fix premodern problems before dreaming about postmodern solutions."
Assemblywoman Laura Friedman, D-Glendale, author of AB 1668, dismissed warnings about the new water rules as "pure fiction." She told the Sacramento Bee, "I wish people would stop scaring people with this sort of thing."
But unfortunately, instead of making adequate preparations for an eventual water crisis, lawmakers dropped the ball, focusing instead on pet projects like a high-speed rail and virtue-signaling sanctuary city policies. Now California residents are paying the price for their incompetence.
Follow me on Twitter @pbolyard
Paula Bolyard is the editor of PJ Media. Follow her on Twitter, Gab, and Parler. For media inquiries, please contact [email protected]
Read more by Paula Bolyard
Incompetent Biden Administration COVID Test Saga Continues: Will These Things Even Work?


The former acting director of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) defended President Trump Friday on "Outnumbered Overtime" against accusations that the Trump administration's "cruel" policies have backfired.
"Congress had failed to close the loopholes that caused people to come this country. And we talk about family separation, I'm really sick and tired of Democrats talking about Trump's family separation," Thomas Homan said, responding to a clip of 2020 Democratic presidential candidate Julian Castro.
"We go back just one year, his administration told us that if we could just be cruel enough to separate little children from their parents that, that would deter, that would stop more families from coming from Central America to our border. And here we are a year later and actually the opposite of that is true. There are more people who are coming," Castro said on MSNBC Friday.
Homan strongly disagreed with Castro and said Democrats were being unfair to Trump regarding policies built under former President Barack Obama.
"I was with ICE during the Obama years. Family detention was built under the Obama administration. We went from one hundred family beds to three thousand family beds in those so-called cages, which I don't call cages at all but they call cages, were built as part of the Obama administration," Homan said.
The former ICE leader also believes the president will still consider closing the southern border with Mexico as long it motivates that country to work with the U.S.
"I think shutting down the border remains on the table. But Mexico has the last few days, they're actually taking a lot of action. So I think as long as they do that, that option will stay on the table," Homan said.


Don't be fooled or put off by the title "...after a miscarriage," please. This half hour show is about all kinds of loss and then consequent grief and healing that happens for all of us regardless of miscarriage, stillbirth, infant death or death of an adult child. The labels the world puts onto our losses don't make those losses any more or less valid -- it is all a grief experience.


text:
Q: How can I center a div within another div? I suppose that the #container will be centered within #main_content. However, it is not. Why isn't this working, and how can I fix it?

#main_content {
  top: 160px;
  left: 160px;
  width: 800px;
  min-height: 500px;
  height: auto;
  background-color: #2185C5;
  position: relative;
}

#container {
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 10px;
  position: relative;
}

A: Technically, your inner DIV (#container) is centered horizontally. The reason you can't tell is because with the CSS width: auto property the inner DIV is expanding to the same width as its parent.
See this fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/UZ4AE/
#container {
    width: 50px;
    height: auto;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 10px;
    position: relative;
    background-color: red;
}

In this example, I simply set the width of #container to 50px and set the background to red so that you can see that it is centered.
I think the real question is "How do I center elements horizontally with CSS?" and the answer is (drum roll please): it depends!
I won't do a full rehash of the myriad ways to center things with CSS when W3Schools does it so nicely here: http://www.w3schools.com/css/css_align.asp but the basic idea is that for block level elements you simply specify the desired width and set the left and right margins to auto.
.center {
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    width: 50px;
}

Please note: This answer only applies to block level elements! To position an inline element, you will need to use the text-align: center property on the first block parent.

A: Use margin:0 auto; to the child div. Then you can center the child div inside the parent div.

A: Another interesting way: fiddle
CSS
.container {
   background: yellow;
   width: 100%;
   display: flex;
   flex-direction: row;
   flex-wrap: wrap;
   justify-content: center;
   align-items: center;
}

.centered-div {
   width: 80%;
   height: 190px;
   margin: 10px;
   padding: 5px;
   background: blue;
   color: white;
}

HTML

            Enjoy

A: I would try defining a more specific width, for starters. It's hard to center something that already spans the entire width:
#container {
    width: 400px;
}

A: Maybe you want as this:
HTML

vertical aligned text
some more text here

CSS
#main_content {
    width: 500px;
    height: 500px;
    background: #2185C5;
    display: table-cell;
    text-align: center;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

#container{
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    background: white;
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 10px;
}

How?
In a table cell, vertical align with middle will set to vertically centered to the element and text-align: center; works as horizontal alignment to the element.
Noticed why is #container is in inline-block because this is in the condition of the row.

A: It would work giving the #container div width:80% (any width less than the main content and have given in %, so that it manages well from both left and right) and giving margin:0px auto; or margin:0 auto; (both work fine).

A: I have used the following method in a few projects:
https://jsfiddle.net/u3Ln0hm4/
.cellcenterparent{
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: table;
}

.cellcentercontent{
  display: table-cell;
  vertical-align: middle;
  text-align: center;
}

A: Try to get the position:relative; in your #container. Add an exact width to #container:
#main_content {
    top: 160px;
    left: 160px;
    width: 800px;
    min-height: 500px;
    height: auto;
    background-color: #2185C5;
    position: relative;
}

#container {
    width: 600px;
    height: auto;
    margin: auto;
    padding: 10px;
}

Working demo

A: Here is the solution:
#main_content {
    background-color: #2185C5;
    height: auto;
    margin: 0 auto;
    min-height: 500px;
    position: relative;
    width: 800px;
}

A: #main_content {
    width: 400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    min-height: 300px;
    height: auto;
    background-color: #2185C5;
    position: relative;
}

#container {
    width: 50%;
    height: auto;
    margin: 0 auto;
    background-color: #CCC;
    padding: 10px;
    position: relative;
}

Try this. It tested OK. There is a live check on jsfiddle.

A: Here is a new way to easily center your div using Flexbox display.
See this working fiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/5u0y5qL2/
Here is the CSS:
.layout-row {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    display: -webkit-box;
    display: -webkit-flex;
    display: flex;
    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
    -webkit-flex-direction: row;
    flex-direction: row;
}

.layout-align-center-center {
    -webkit-box-align: center;
    -webkit-align-items: center;
    -ms-grid-row-align: center;
    align-items: center;
    -webkit-align-content: center;
    align-content: center;
    -webkit-box-pack: center;
    -webkit-justify-content: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

A: Everyone said it, but I guess it won't hurt saying it again.
You need to set the width to some value. Here is something simpler to understand.
http://jsfiddle.net/XUxEC/

A: To make a div in center. There isn't any need to assign the width of the div.
A working demo is here:
http://jsfiddle.net/6yukdmwq/
    .container {
        width: 100%;
        height: 500px;
        display: table;
        border: 1px solid red;
        text-align: center;}

    .center {
        display: table-cell;
        vertical-align: middle;
    }

    .content {
        display: inline-block;
        text-align: center;
        border: 1px solid green;
    }

Helllo Center Text

A: You can center float div with this little code:
#div {
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    top: 50%;

    margin-top: -100px;
    margin-left: -100px;
}

A: You need to set the width of the container (auto won't work):
#container {
    width: 640px; /* Can be in percentage also. */
    height: auto;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 10px;
    position: relative;
}

The CSS reference by MDN explains it all.
Check out these links:

*

*auto - CSS reference | MDN

*margin - CSS reference | MDN

*What is the meaning of auto value in a CSS property - Stack Overflow
In action at jsFiddle.

A: Now just define your
#main_content text-align:center and define your #container display:inline-block;
as like this:
#main_content {
    text-align: center;
}

#container{
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align: top;
}

A: Try to add
text-align: center;

to your parent container CSS declaration. And the following to the child container:
display: inline-block;

It must do the trick.

A: It is because your width is set to auto. You have to specify the width for it to be visibly centered.
Your #container spans the whole width of the #main_content. That's why it seems not centered.

A: Without setting the width, it will get the maximum width it can get. So you cannot see that the div has centered.
#container
{
    width: 50%;
    height: auto;
    margin: auto;
    padding: 10px;
    position: relative;
    background-color: black;  /* Just to see the different */
}

A: Make the CSS content this way...
#main_content {
    top: 160px;
    left: 160px;
    width: auto;
    min-height: 500px;
    height: auto;
    background-color: #2185C5;
    position: relative;
 }

#container {
    height: auto;
    width: 90%;
    margin: 0 auto;
    background-color: #FFF;
    padding: 10px;
}

A working example is here: http://jsfiddle.net/golchha21/mjT7t/

A: If you don't want to set a width for #container, just add
text-align: center;

to #main_content.

A: If you set width: auto to a block element, then the width would be 100%. So it really doesn't make much sense to have the auto value here. It is really the same for height, because by default any element is set to an automatic height.
So finally your div#container is actually centered, but it just occupies the whole width of its parent element. You do the centering right, and you need just to change the width (if needed) to see that it is really centered. If you want to center your #main_content then just apply margin: 0 auto; on it.

A: Try this one if this is the output you want:

#main_content {
    background-color: #2185C5;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

#container {
    width: 100px;
    height: auto;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 10px;
    background: red;
}

A: This will work fine I think, though you might need to reset "top:200px;" according to your needs:
#main_content {
    top: 160px;
    left: 160px;
    width: 800px;
    min-height: 500px;
    height: auto;
    background-color: #2185C5;
    position: relative;
    border: 2px solid #CCCCCC;
}

#container {
    width: 100px;
    height: 20px;;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding-top: 10px;
    position: relative;
    top: 200px;
    border: 2px solid #CCCCCC;
}

A: You must assign a width to the div you want to center.
Like this:
#container {
    width: 500;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 10px;
}

More information and examples on these links:

*

*CSS Layout - Horizontal & Vertical Align

*http://www.w3schools.com/css/tryit.asp?filename=trycss_align_container

A: .parent {
    width: 500px;
    height: 200px;
    border: 2px solid #000;
    display: table-cell;
    vertical-align: middle;
}

#kid {
    width:70%; /* 70% of the parent */
    margin:auto;
    border:2px solid #F00;
    height: 70%;
}

This does solve the problem very well (tested in all new browsers), where the parent div has class="parent" and the child div has id="kid".
That style centers both horizontally and vertically. Vertical center can only be done using complicated tricks--or by making the parent div function as a table-cell, which is one of the only elements in HTML that properly supports vertical alignment.
Simply set the height of the kid, margin auto, and middle vertical alignment, and it will work. It's the easiest solution that I know.

A: * {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

#main_content {
  top: 160px;
  left: 160px;
  width: 800px;
  min-height: 500px;
  height: auto;
  background-color: #2185c5;
  position: relative;
}

#container {
  width: 50%;
  height: 50%;
  margin: auto;
  padding: 10px;
  position: absolute;
  border: 5px solid yellow;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
SENATE JUDICIARY, LAW ENFORCEMENT, AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE STANDING COMMITTEE
Tuesday, March 2, 2021 • 8:00 a.m. • 110 Senate Building
Members Present:
Sen. Todd D. Weiler, Chair
Sen. Michael S. Kennedy
Sen. Derek L. Kitchen
Sen. Daniel W. Thatcher
Sen. Kirk A. Cullimore
Sen. Luz Escamilla
Sen. Jerry W. Stevenson
Staff Present:
Kristina King, Policy Analyst
Rachel Boe, Committee Secretary
Note: A copy of related materials and an audio recording of the meeting can be found at www.le.utah.gov.
Chair Weiler called the meeting to order at 8:08 a.m.
MOTION: Sen. Kennedy moved to approve the minutes from February 26, 2021. The motion passed with a vote of 3-0-4.
Yeas - 3 Nays-0 Abs-4
Sen. M. Kennedy
Sen. D. Kitchen
Sen. T. Weiler
Sen. K. Cullimore
Sen. L. Escamilla
Sen. J. Stevenson
Sen. D. Thatcher
1. 2nd Sub. H.B. 225 Administrative Garnishment Order Amendments (Miles, K.)
Rep. Kelly Miles explained the bill.
MOTION: Sen. Kennedy moved to pass 2nd Substitute H.B. 225 out favorably. The motion passed with a vote of 3-0-4.
2. 1st Sub. H.B. 373 Conviction Reduction Amendments (Teuscher, J.)
Rep. Jordan Teuscher explained the bill with the assistance of David Leavitt, Utah County Attorney.
Lindsay Burrows, citizen, spoke to the bill.
Will Carlson, Deputy District Attorney, Salt Lake County District Attorney's Office, spoke in favor of the bill.
Ben Aldana, Public Defender, Utah County, spoke in favor of the bill.
MOTION: Sen. Kennedy moved to pass 1st Substitute H.B. 373 out favorably. The motion passed with a vote of 3-0-4.
3. H.B. 379 Board of Pardons Amendments (Ray, P.)
Rep. Paul Ray explained the bill with the assistance of Mike Haddon, Administrative Services Director, Utah Board of Pardons and Parole, and Amanda Montague, Board of Pardons and Parole, Attorney General's Office.
MOTION: Sen. Kennedy moved to pass H.B. 379 out favorably. The motion passed with a vote of 3-0-4.
4. H.B. 383 Flag Display Amendments (Gwynn, M.)
Rep. Matthew Gwynn explained the bill.
MOTION: Sen. Kennedy moved to adjourn at 8:26 a.m. The motion passed with a vote of 4-0-3.


I. The will of God is spoken of in three ways: First, the faculty itself of willing. Secondly, the act of willing. Thirdly, the object willed. The first signification is the principal and proper one, the two others are secondary and figurative.
II. It may be thus described: It is the second faculty of the life of God, flowing through the understanding from the life that has an ulterior tendency; by which faculty God is borne towards a known good — towards a good, because this is an adequate object of every will — towards a known good, not only with regard to it as a being, but likewise as a good, whether in reality or only in the act of the divine understanding. Both, however, are shown by the understanding. But the evil which is called that of culpability, God does not simply and absolutely will.
If we equate any philosophical debate to battle I would argue that our basic weapons are our ideas and arguments, and our rhetoric is our technique in wielding those weapons. But the battlefield, the terrain of the battle is the vocabulary we use. Therefore, he who controls the vocabulary of the debate holds the high ground.
It is little wonder then that so much of Calvinist rhetoric revolves around controlling the vocabulary of the discussion. It is incredibly common for them to create terms, adjust terms, or redefine terms for the purposes of making their point. To be honest, we should do more of this. Part of being clear is being conscience of the words that you are using, and why you are using them.
Romans 7 is a debated passage. It was here, in his teaching through the book of Romans, that Arminius differed with the Calvinists of his day by asserting that the man described in Romans 7 was not regenerated. This led to the controversy he would have with the theologians of his day over Romans 7 and then other aspects of Calvinism. Arminians, to this day, are not congruent on the issue. Some hold that Romans 7 is describing our common struggle as Christians with the flesh. No doubt we all can read Romans 7 and see glimpses of our own experiences in there (1 John 1:8-10). Some hold that Paul is describing his own life under the Law before his salvation. Others hold that Paul is speaking here of the natural man in his state of sin (Ephesians 2:1-3).
There are certain events in the ministry of the Lord Jesus that demonstrated that He foreknew them and this shows He was God. For instance, we read that Jesus knew that He would die on the cross (John 12:32) and details about His crucifixion (Mark 10:33-34). Jesus knew that Judas would betray Him (John 13:18-27) and that Peter would deny Him (Mark 14:29-31). He was able to read the thoughts of the Jews in Mark 2:8. Clearly, Jesus was God (John 1:1; Philippians 2:6).
I. As we have hitherto treated on the object of the Christian religion, that is, on Christ and God, and on the formal reasons why religion may be usefully performed to them, and ought to be, among which reasons, the last is the will of God and his command that prescribes religion by the conditions of a covenant; and as it will be necessary now to subjoin to this a discourse on the vocation of men to a participation in that covenant, it will not be improper for us, in this place, to insert one on the Predestination, by which God determined to treat with men according to that prescript, and by which he decreed to administer that vocation, and the means to it. First, concerning the former of these.
From the Screwtape Letters (where the demon Screwtape explains how to misdirect a Christian with a "cause").
Should A Pastor Be Fired For Teaching Calvinism?
I just finished Dr. Olson's book Against Calvinism (It is really difficult to find time to read when you have a one year old). In appendix 1, Dr. Olson goes over several attempts by Calvinists to protect God's character despite their theology. One particular argument caught my eye: the use of middle knowledge.


HTC launched the new HTC One (M8) in Australia this afternoon by treating a selection of local tech media to a cruise around Sydney Harbour accompanied by the company's local and regional management.
The event contrasted with last night's Galaxy S5 launch, and really emphasised the difference between the companies' approach. While Samsung's launch was a big, lavish and slickly produced event, HTC embraced its underdog position with an intimate setting and a candid and honest presentation. Don't get me wrong – chartering a boat to take a catered cruise around Sydney harbour obviously isn't cheap.
We heard from Ben Hodgson from HTC Australia and Darren Sng from HTC Asia, whose presence has become a hallmark of local HTC launches. We also walked away with review units in hand, a welcome touch.
Despite the company's well-publicised financial issues of 2013, HTC is generally considered to have delivered the phone of the year – we were told at the One Max launch that the HTC One was the company's best-selling phone, so HTC understands that it's now in position to capitalise on that reputation. It's hoping that by delivering a solid follow-up to the One, it can foster brand loyalty and keep users currently on HTC devices buying HTC into the future.
In the One (M8), HTC has brought an evolution of last year's flagship, making key improvements in a number of areas.
The 2013 One was one of the best designed phones we've seen in a long time. While it was doubtless a head-turner, some did take issue with the sharpness of the machine-cut edges and how they affected the feel of the phone in the hand.
HTC made it very clear it was listening to these criticisms. The new One features an all-metal construction with sweeping curves and no such sharp edges, while the device body is still cut from a single piece of metal. To finish, the metal is polished and brushed, giving the new phone a striking unique yet familiar look.
The front of the unit shares this familiarity. It's clearly an evolution of HTC's 2013 design and while the black stripe below the screen on the front of the device adds to the overally size of the unit, it's quite well-balanced and actually felt lighter in the hand than last year's One, despite actually tipping the scales at about 20g more.
The device's body is made from a single piece of metal!
It's clear that HTC's making a big bet again this year on the One's camera. Where 2013 brought us the UltraPixel camera, 2014 brings us a second camera which promises to add depth data to the image. Darren gave us an impressive tour of the features the Duo Camera brings.
We saw the U-Focus feature refocusing a photo after it was taken. The effect is similar to a Lytro camera, but without the crushing disappointment of a final image with 1MP resolution. Copy and Paste allows you to use the depth information in the image to copy items (like a person) from one photo into another, and use the depth information in the new photo to place the item at an appropriate depth in the new scene.
Of course, you can also use the depth information to turn a photo into a pseudo-3D scene and rotate around it a few degrees, but you can also apply visual effects selectively to items at a particular depth, allowing you to pull off some innovative effects only using your smartphone.
HTC's become quite adept at adding these features to standard data files in the last year – the new One will add the additional depth data into a standard JPG file and the company is adament that it won't blow out the file size.
With Beats branding and high quality sound, one of the surprising standout features of the 2013 One was the device's front-facing speakers. The feature was also present in the One Mini and One Max, although by then the breakup of HTC's partnership with Beats resulted in the removal of the Beats branding from the device.
In 2014, HTC's bringing the latest evolution of BoomSound with 25% louder sound while retaining its superior clarity with completely redesigned and slightly slimmer speaker units housed within the device's body.
A BoomSound demo unit was tucked away downstairs on the boat where you could hear the new One's speakers outclass the Galaxy S4. It didn't disappoint – BoomSound still faces forward, and it still sounds great.
HTC's brought their new flagship to market with the latest release of Android (4.4.2), and the company has shown a newfound desire to aggressively roll out updates in the US that we hope will also apply to Australia.
The company's representatives called Sense 6 somewhat Nexus-like, and the comparison seems apt. The UI is cleaner and flatter, with brighter colours and a lighter feel to it. Overall, the OS seems to have taken on a more mature feel than we saw in the 2013 One.
By far one of the neatest additions is Motion Sense, a number of new gesture controls that bring interesting new possibilities for interacting with the device. First of all, the device features double-tap to wake, so you no longer need to find the power button to wake it up.
You can swipe from the right edge to unlock the device and to your home screen, or from the left to open BlinkFeed.
BlinkFeed itself has evolved as well, showing additional comments and data around stories, and allowing users more control over what they're subscribed to.
The new One also features Fitbit integration, although it doesn't have Fitbit hardware inside the gyroscope can still add to your step count for the day.
HTC had a small selection of accessories on show – the Dot View cover, a Double Dip Shell and a couple of other covers, and their 6000 mAh Battery Bank.
Considering I've been pretty down on flip covers for the past few months, it's quite funny how much I like the HTC Dot View cover. The perforated face lets light through from the screen behind, making it look like an LED display of yesteryear. The Dot View cover shows the time and local weather conditions, and might hopefully evolve to show more information over time.
Each of these items (and a lot more, actually) are up for preorder on HTC's accessories site now.
A number of questions from the assembled crowd focused on the currently-US-only Google Play Edition (GPE) of the One (M8) which was recently announced.
HTC was happy to deflect the question of GPE sales in Australia to Google, but also pointed out that Australians who want the GPE experience are free to unlock their bootloader through HTC Dev and install the ROM themselves, a practice that became quite common with the original One in 2013.
If you do go down that path, you'll be glad to know that the company is promising you'll still get the full functionality of the Duo Camera and BoomSound, addressing some complaints against the 2013 model's GPE treatment.
We also heard how HTC is opening up some of the new features on the new One to the outside world. The company has promised an SDK for BlinkFeed and will make the specs for the Duo Camera's data storage available for other apps to use – both on mobile and on desktop.
We also got mention of Blinkfeed going to other devices via Google Play, as reported yesterday (perhaps HTC's been trialling this functionality for a little while with its FootballFeed app which runs happily on non-HTC devices).
It's clear HTC is quite chuffed with the "all new" HTC One – the company's representatives had an air of confidence and enthusiasm about them as they demonstrated the new phone's features. It was great to see HTC put forward such an upbeat, candid and friendly face.
The HTC One (M8) goes on sale on April 1. Be sure to check out the full Australian carrier pricing and our coverage of the global launch event. We'll have a full review for you as soon as possible.
Is the One (M8) the "One" for you? Will you be buying it on April 1? Let us know in the comments!
16GB seems tiny and a backwards step… I am holding out in the hope they bring the GPE here because I absolutely HATE CRapple and can't wait to make the jump from them to Android..
I have the original iPhone4 32GB (not the 4s).. It's frickin 5 years old and still has double the space of a brand spanking new HTC..
I'm totally new to the thought of Android but if anyone can please help a brother out and explain the differences between the HTC version and Google Play Editions apart from the memory 16-32..
Will the Telcos lock the bootloader so we can't install the GPE edition?
Is $840 the RRP or just Telstra's outright price?
Jason, since HTC at the launch wouldn't answer whether or not Australia will be getting a GPE of the One M8, will you be hounding Google for that info?
I'm just curious to know how the Duo Camera will run on a vanilla ROM.
The Duo Camera's magic is all in the software, so I assume there'll be a camera app that will drive it.
Did the original one GPE have the HTC camera app or the stock ROM camera app?
I think it's right HTC deflected the question since I think this is a Google initiative and sold on the Playstore. And I see no point asking google since Google pretty much concentrates mostly on their home country.
Trying to get information like this out of Google is akin to getting blood from a stone. If they don't want to bring a product to Australia, they won't. Then they will. Ref: Google Music, Movies & TV, Books, Chromecast, Enterprise Products………..
is australian version of htc one 2014 running on 2.5ghz snap 801???
I went to HTC's Australian website, clicked on the M8 page and the clicked "Specs".
The answer wasn't difficult to find.
Hisense 55P7 ULED 4K UHD Smart TV – Australian Review · 15 mins ago.


Imsouane is a sleepy little fishing village located about an hour drive up the coast from Taghazout. It sits at the base of a large mountain which makes for some pretty cool views when surfing. It's most well known for it's long right-hand point break at The Bay, but it also has the beach break of Cathedral Point which also great to learn to surf at.
As Imsouane has begun to grow in popularity in recent times many surf camps cropped up throughout the village. This means there is an Imsouane surf camp to suit all preferences and this page looks at the 4 best Imsouane surf camps.
This is hands down one of the nicest and best located Imsouane surf camps. It's a 2 min walk from the beach (The Bay) so multiple surf surf sessions per day are certainly a reality. With Imsouane Bay only working on certain tides, being close by makes a big difference.
Secondly the decor of this place is top-notch with all of the latest "bells and whistles". Flat-screen TV's and iPod docking stations are on offer. Moreover certain rooms have a seating area where you can relax. Most rooms have a view of either the sea, pool or garden.
This Imsouane surf camp has a year-round outdoor pool and grill and guests can enjoy a really healthy on-site restaurant. Car rental is available at the property. Besides surfing the area is also popular for hiking.
Founded in 2015, Travel Surf Morocco is a surf and SUP surf camp. This Imsouane surf camp is located close to Cathedral Point and is only a 1 min walk from this beach. It is a short drive, or walk (depending on the weight of your board) to Imsouane Bay.
The surf house has 5 bedrooms and can accommodate a total of 12 guests. Continental and halal breakfast options are available daily. Meals are served in the dining room or on the panoramic terrace. You can choose your accommodation in a shared, double or single room depending on availability.
In between sessions, relax in your room or enjoy some of the chill out areas. Check the surf spots from the rooftop, gaze at the sunset over the ocean, or play a game of cards or watch a good surf movie in the moroccan-style living room.
This lovely surf house is only a 4 minute walk from Imsouane Bay. The surf house has been designed by surfers for surfers. There are showers outside where you rinse off and get wash your wetsuit before entering the house. There are surf racks in the basement to store your board.
This Imsouane surf camp is broken into 3 apartments. Each apartment has three bedrooms (two doubles and one room with a double bed and two bunkbeds). This equates to a total of 8 beds in each apartment. Furthermore, each apartment has a bathroom, shower, separate toilet and fully equipped kitchen.
The kitchen and living room are open plan overlooking the balcony and the famous Imsouane Bay. There is also a fireplace to help provide that winter ambience.
Sandycamps is nestled in a nice quiet pocket of Imsouane. Open to all levels and budgets this surf camp places a profound focus on both surfing and yoga. If you're looking for a surf camp in Imsouane which is strong at both these disciplines then Sandcamps is a great pick.
This Imsouane surf camp has everything you need to truly relax and unwind on your surf holiday. Sunbathe next to the pool or on the terrace, enjoy a traditional hammam, taste the delicious tajines cooked by their top-class chef, and end your day with a mint tea watching the sunset.
Besides the views from the lovely sunny terraces this Imsouane surf camp also has an inner garden with palm trees, cacti, tropical trees, and bougainvilleas. Shared rooms are configured from between 2-5 beds. There are also suites with pool views, large double beds, a lounge area, and separate bathrooms with shower and toilets.
There is a large restaurant on site with live music as well as a bar to taste local and international beverages. There is a laundry service available upon request. At night one can relax by playing table tennis and pool. There is also a living room with books, magazines and games.


even if the Phoenicians and t he within the south-west of the Iberian Carthaginians ever truly labored Peninsula there's a massive pyritic the mines , or have been basically investors, is mineral ised area, referred to as the now not yes , yet after 205 BC, whilst Andevallo, extending from close to they defeated the Carthagi nians, the Seville to south of Lisbon, a space Romans introduced their very own males expert a few one hundred fifty kilometres lengthy and 30 in mining and metallurgy. kilometres broad. The Romans occupied lots of the The Rio Tinta Mines , that are the Iberian Peninsula for six hundred years , greatest of this "pyrites belt" , lie till approximately 425 advert - the newest within the area referred to as Andalusia, Roman cash chanced on at Rio Tinto exhibit a few ninety kilometres north-west of the pinnacle of Honorius who was once emperor Seville and seventy five kilometres north-east from 395 to 423 advert. Mining needs to of Huelv8 . they've got a truly lengthy have declined with the invasion of heritage, relationship again to pre-Iberian Barbarians within the fifth century and the days; then got here the Iberians , a race next entr y of the Visigoths who of North African beginning (Turdetarian have been ultimately absorbed into the and Tartessian) , the Phoenicians , the folk of Spain. In 711 advert the Carthaginians , the Romans , the Moors, Moors invaded the Peninsula from the Spaniards and the British. It North Africa.
It's been recognized a minimum of because the finish of the century that the polar components play an important position within the formation of the Earth's climates. it's also identified this present day that they're the main delicate areas to climatic switch, and are therefore excellent case stories for the detection of such adjustments. the main critical problem to the examine of climatic and different geographical components of the polar parts (including the Arctic) has consistently been the serious weather conditions which succeed in those areas.
Even though the negotiation of the Kyoto Protocol targeted global recognition at the international weather, it was once only one step within the ongoing means of addressing weather switch in all its aspects. learn by means of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on weather swap (IPCC) has been ongoing on account that 1988. an intensive IPCC operating workforce document released in 1995 tested the commercial and social points of weather swap.
The function typical environments play in human health is attracting expanding cognizance. there's transforming into scientific facts that entry to the usual atmosphere can hinder affliction, relief restoration, take on weight problems and enhance psychological health and wellbeing. This booklet examines the historical past of traditional environments getting used for stress-reduction, entertainment, aesthetics and catharsis, and strains the advance of the relationship among people and the surroundings, and the way they impression our own and collective well-being.


Three Mild Hogs: We brave the honky-tonks, strip malls, and hipster burger joints of central Texas to root out the pickup truck that's just right.
Rolling Coal: Just how diesel-tough are the Chevy Cruze 2.0T and Volkswagen Jetta TDI?
Attention freedom-lovers: We've got to make sure evildoers never get their hands on one of these new Corvettes.
Have you driven a Ford . . . lately?
On the joys of rolling your own.
The Pied Piper: Come, children, and be charmed by Jaguar's first true sports car in a generation.
Keeping Fiat's party rocking with two extra doors.
Does everything but the laundry.
Named after a desert gust, this sedan is the exotic automaker's most mainstream play.
Cadillac's new mid-size sedan is elegant, ambitious.
Our report on the state of autodom, c. 2014, starts here.
Why are some countries so far behind in traffic safety?
How the "24 Hours of GM" chases the bugs out of the General's performance cars.
Sometimes in racing, an idea is so good it gets outlawed.
Why your trip computer isn't giving you an accurate mpg reading, and how to fix it.
The Nissan slid and was stuck perpendicular to the driveway. Not even Hal Needham could have driven it there.
It's not just an old truck, it's a real war artifact.
Installed by the Obama administration to resurrect GM after its bankruptcy, Whitacre, 71, recalls his dramatic 18 months as chairman and CEO.


Gold centrifugal concentrators have been developed over the past century and allow for mining operations to trap a higher percentage of the fine gold and other precious metals in black sands that used to disappear into tailing ponds. Along with the higher yields, operations are now able to run for extended periods of time because of the advancement in automation equipment allowing for run times of 8 hours up to 24 hour cycles. There has also been larger concentrator bowls developed increasing production capacity to thousands of tons per day. These advances have made significant impacts in many areas that are being mined in Northern Canada and Alaska that have short seasons because of permafrost and short snowless periods. In areas with high gold recovery rates the black sands produced are able to be directly processed over a gold separation table.
There have been three standouts for centrifugal gold concentrators since the 1900's. What is known today as the Falcon Concentrator has been developed over time from the smooth walled Falcon "B-Bowl and MacNicol bowl that originated in Australia. While the technology was available under patent since the 1930's, for the most part no commercialization took place until the patent expired in 1982.
In the 1960's Byron Knelson settled down in British Columbia, and while running his excavating company he watched as alluvial gold miners in the Yukon Territory used sluice boxes to recover course gold while most of the fine gold would end up in tailings ponds. This set him on a course to invent the Knelson Concentrator that would go on to change how placer mining operations are designed worldwide.
The Hy-G Consentrator was another centrifugal concentrator that was developed soon after the original patent from Australia had expired. The late Don Brember tested and refined the centrifugal concentrator technology and wanted to develop a machine that would run continually for up to 24 hours with high recovery rates before cleanout was needed in turn increasing the miner's gold yield.
Centrifugal gold concentrators operate using G-forces which allow for separation of the heavier particulate including fine gold and other metals. When material is introduced to the bowl from 50 up to 600 G's the gravitational field allows for recovery of fines that are 3 microns small. The main feature of the concentrator is the bowl itself that has been designed over the years for increased recovery rates. Specially designed ribs inside the cone trap heavy particles which are then discharged through the concentrate discharge, while all the lighter material is discharged through the tailings discharge. Inside the bowl there are fluidization holes for water feed at the start of the process. In the middle of the cone a stationary feed tube introduces the slurry material at the bottom of the cone which is then forced upward and outward. In a Knelson Concentrator the entire process "concentration cycle" will be completed in about one minute after each rib in the cone is filled with heavier concentrate. Large bowls with surface areas up to 3.37 m2 process the highest quantities of materials. Now with the latest innovations in gold concentrators the process of feeding, discharging the concentrates and tailings, and re-starting the feed again can all be automated.
Based on size and application the concentrator will be used in, different material feed and discharge options are used. In flow sheets provided by Knelson Concentrators they give the examples of a "Conventional Grinding Circuit" or the "Extreme Gravity Circuit".
In the conventional circuit a Semi-Continuous Concentrator is fed by material after it is processed through a screen and the concentrate material is discharged into either a Acacia Reactor or Gold Concentrating Table.
Using an Extreme Gravity Circuit one Semi-Continuous concentrator and one Variable Discharge Concentrator would be used. First both would be fed through a cyclone with the concentrate discharged from the Semi-Continuous unit going into the gold room for further processing. Material processed through the Variable Discharge unit would be then sent into a thickener or the concentrate gathered for further treatment.
Following are examples of the wide range in size from the top Centrifugal Concentrator manufacturers in the world.
KC-MD3 Knelson Concentrator processes up to 100 lbs/hr and is ideal for small batch testing in the field or inside laboratories.
Falcon SB5200 Concentrator will process 200-400 TPH and is used in large scale mining operations.
In 2008 Falcon Concentrators purchased Sepro Mineral Processing International and shortly after rebranded under the name Sepro Mineral Systems. The Falcon Concentrators are still sold under their original name.
Knelson Concentrators are also sold under the original name and after the passing of Byron Knelson, the founder, FLSmidth purchased the company in 2011 and continues on his legacy.
Hy-G Concentrators are now manufactured and distributed exclusively through Savona Equipment Ltd. These units are ever popular with placer miners due to the design that collects high grade concentrates.
If you are interested, have any questions, or you would like to get more information on any of the following information provided for Gold Concentrating & Refining Equipment, please contact.


text:
30 year mortgage rates federal reserve
Sep 18, 2019 The Federal Reserve is the central bank of the United States and is charged by How Fed cuts affects credit card, borrowing rates product, the most common being a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage, while the Fed rate is for Sep 17, 2019 The Federal Reserve's decision to cut interest rates on Wednesday for The average rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage was 3.56% as of Oct 1, 2019 On July 31, the Federal Reserve lowered its benchmark interest rate as 30-year mortgage rates reached all-time lows last seen in 2016.
View data of the average interest rate, calculated weekly, of fixed-rate mortgages with a 30-year repayment term. 30-Year Fixed Rate Mortgage Average in the United States. Skip to main content. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, One Federal Reserve Bank Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63102 The Federal Reserve cut its benchmark interest rate to 0% on Sunday — but don't necessarily expect lower mortgage rates as a result. Here's proof: Over the last two decades, the fed funds rate and the average 30-year fixed rate mortgage rate have differed by as much as 5.25%, and by as little as 0.50%. If the fed funds rate were With 30-year fixed mortgage rates currently averaging around 3.50%, it might make sense for homeowners to consider refinancing. Depending on several factors, such as your current interest rate and
According to the latest data released Thursday by Freddie Mac, the 30-year fixed- rate average edged up to 3.84 percent with an average 0.5 point. (Points are fees
Mortgage rates have already been declining for almost a year, noted Tendayi Kapfidze, chief economist at LendingTree, an online loan marketplace, with the average 30-year fixed rate now just under At 4.38% as of March 2017, according to Bankrate, the rate on a 30-year fixed mortgage has increased by 81 basis point since before the election, in which time the Federal Reserve has raised interest rates once. While the Fed does not have the ability to directly set mortgage rates, Today, current mortgage rates are much lower, hovering near 4 percent. Knowing where rates have been — and what drives them — can help you put things into perspective as you evaluate loan offers. When the housing crisis hit in 2008, the average annual 30-year fixed rate was 6.23 percent, Mortgage rates vary depending upon the down payment of the consumer, their credit score, and the type of loan that will be acquired by the consumer. For instance, in February, 2010, the national average mortgage rate for a 30 year fixed rate loan was at 4.750 percent (5.016 APR). The Federal Reserve Board of Governors in Washington DC. Footnotes. 1. As of March 1, 2016, the daily effective federal funds rate (EFFR) is a volume-weighted median of transaction-level data collected from depository institutions in the Report of Selected Money Market Rates (FR 2420).
Use annual percentage rate APR, which includes fees and costs, to compare rates across lenders.Rates and APR below may include up to .50 in discount points as an upfront cost to borrowers and assume no cash out. Select product to see detail. Use our Compare Home Mortgage Loans Calculator for rates customized to your specific home financing need.
Mar 5, 2020 The average 30-year fixed mortgage rate hits 3.29%, driven down by The steady decline of mortgage rates has created a potential boon for The record- low mortgage rate came in a week when the Federal Reserve made Sep 18, 2019 The Federal Reserve's decision to cut interest rates could have The average rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage was 3.56% as of last week Sep 18, 2019 The Federal Reserve is the central bank of the United States and is charged by How Fed cuts affects credit card, borrowing rates product, the most common being a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage, while the Fed rate is for Sep 17, 2019 The Federal Reserve's decision to cut interest rates on Wednesday for The average rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage was 3.56% as of Oct 1, 2019 On July 31, the Federal Reserve lowered its benchmark interest rate as 30-year mortgage rates reached all-time lows last seen in 2016. Mar 21, 2019 The average 30-year fixed rate mortgage has dropped from 4.4% to 4.34%, taking it to a 52-week low after the Federal Reserve meeting. According to the latest data released Thursday by Freddie Mac, the 30-year fixed- rate average edged up to 3.84 percent with an average 0.5 point. (Points are fees
6 days ago Kiplinger's forecasts the Federal Reserve's next move and the direction of Average 30-year mortgage rates are likely headed down below 3%
Sep 18, 2019 The Federal Reserve's decision to cut interest rates could have The average rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage was 3.56% as of last week Sep 18, 2019 The Federal Reserve is the central bank of the United States and is charged by How Fed cuts affects credit card, borrowing rates product, the most common being a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage, while the Fed rate is for Sep 17, 2019 The Federal Reserve's decision to cut interest rates on Wednesday for The average rate on a 30-year fixed-rate mortgage was 3.56% as of Oct 1, 2019 On July 31, the Federal Reserve lowered its benchmark interest rate as 30-year mortgage rates reached all-time lows last seen in 2016. Mar 21, 2019 The average 30-year fixed rate mortgage has dropped from 4.4% to 4.34%, taking it to a 52-week low after the Federal Reserve meeting. According to the latest data released Thursday by Freddie Mac, the 30-year fixed- rate average edged up to 3.84 percent with an average 0.5 point. (Points are fees
Mortgage rates vary depending upon the down payment of the consumer, their credit score, and the type of loan that will be acquired by the consumer. For instance, in February, 2010, the national average mortgage rate for a 30 year fixed rate loan was at 4.750 percent (5.016 APR).
6 days ago Kiplinger's forecasts the Federal Reserve's next move and the direction of Average 30-year mortgage rates are likely headed down below 3% Feb 6, 2020 Federal Reserve policymakers continued to hold interest rates low at their latest meeting last week. But the Fed chair warned that the viral
Mar 3, 2020 The Federal Reserve does not control mortgage rates the fed funds rate and the average 30-year fixed rate mortgage rate have differed by as 7 hours ago The noted uptick in 30-year fixed-rate mortgage rates is a major reversal While the Federal Reserve had announced that it was cutting its 3 days ago The Federal Reserve cut its benchmark interest rate to 0% on Sunday — but Mortgage rates have dropped to 50-year lows in response to global "I wouldn't be surprised to see 30-year loans with 3.0% rates before things 2 days ago What does the Federal Reserve cutting its target interest rate to near zero percent mean for Here's how it impacts mortgage rates. "Small fluctuations in interest rates can have significant effects on costs for homebuyers," Staley says. He offers an example of a $200,000 30-year mortgage at a 4
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text:
Jim Wood Assembly Campaign Receives Support From Local Mayors from Across Assembly District
Local leaders join long list of elected officials in support of Wood
Healdsburg – Democrat Jim Wood, candidate for Assembly District 2, has received the support from Mayors from throughout the Assembly District. This list includes the following:
Carrol Russell, Mayor of Cloverdale
Joe Palla, Former Mayor of Cloverdale
Dave Turner, Mayor of Fort Bragg
Susan Jones, Mayor of Healdsburg
Scott Bartley, Mayor of Santa Rosa
Bruce Okrepki, Mayor of Windsor
Robin Goble, Former Mayor of Windsor
Jim Mastin, Former Mayor of Ukiah
Mark Wheetley, Mayor of Arcata
Robert Jacob, Mayor of Sebastopol
Jim Wood is the incoming Mayor of Healdsburg and has served on the City Council for the past seven years. These mayors join an ever-growing list of local and state leaders in support of Wood's Assembly campaign.
The 2nd Assembly district is one of the largest in California and includes Del Norte, Humboldt, Trinity, and Mendocino counties, and the northern half of Sonoma County. Due to term limits, current Assemblymember Wes Chesbro cannot seek re-election.
Jim Wood For Assembly 2024 - FPPC #1456716
122 Calistoga Road, #141 • Santa Rosa, CA 95409
Created by cStreet with NationBuilder


text:
Sir Robert Eccles Snowden (22 March 1880 – 30 June 1934) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Hobart. In 1919 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Nationalist member for Denison. He held the seat until his resignation in 1924. Snowden died in London in 1934.

References

1880 births
1934 deaths
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
20th-century Australian politicians

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: How does splitting a spring result in a higher maximum velocity? I'm modelling some SHM parameters when splitting a (massless) spring into two pieces and getting stuck on what
happens to the maximum velocity component.
Suppose in a single spring system, a 1kg mass is pulled down to a distance of 1m.
The spring has $k = 16$.
$$
\begin{array}{lll}
k = 16 & m = 1kg & x = 1m\\
\omega = \sqrt{k/m} = 4rad/s & t = 2\pi/\omega = 1.57 s&\\
a_{(max)} = -x\omega^2 = -16 m/s^2 & v_{(max)} = x\omega = 4 m/s&
\end{array}
$$
All well and good. Now cut the spring in half: each half-spring must have $k = 32$ (see this question for the reason k is doubled).
Model one of the springs drawn to half the original length (with the same 1kg mass attached).
\begin{align}
\begin{array}{lll}
k = 32 &  m = 1kg, & x = 0.5m\, \\
\omega = \sqrt{k/m} = 5.66rad/s & t = 2\pi/\omega = 1.11 s \, ,& \\
a_{(max)} = -x\omega^2 = -16 m/s^2, & v_{(max)} = x\omega = 2.83 m/s
\end{array}
\end{align}
How is the maximum velocity component correct?
Imagine I place this second system in a massless box and attach it to the other half of the spring.
I now pull the box down by 0.5m and the mass (inside the box) down by 0.5m too.

When I release everything, there will be two independant mass-spring systems (running with the same SHM parameters).
The resulting maximum velocity of the mass will be: 2.83 m/s (from the box being accelerated by spring A) + 2.83 m/s from spring B
 = 5.66 m/s - an increase of 1.66m/s from the original system.
What I don't understand is that the initial conditions are identical - a 1kg mass drawn down by 1m, yet the second system
results in a higher velocity. In the limit of the massless box being discarded (and the springs being glued back togther), how is
this difference reconciled?

A: Your error is your assumption that the change in velocity is the same in both cases; it is not.
One way of consider this is to say that the change in momentum is equal to the impulse $\int F\cos \omega t\, dt$.
Now for both motions the force due a spring starts and finishes at the same value but the second motion takes a shorter period of time (less than a quarter of a period) and hence the change in velocity for the second motion is less although the work done by the springs $\int F\, dx$ is the same.
If you want to use the idea that the motion is simple harmonic you must find the change in velocity for the second motion assuming that the mass is already moving and not starting off stationary ie it is already part way to its final velocity.
If you do the sums in terms of energy transformations everything works out.
$\frac 12 m v^2_{\rm final} = \frac 12 m v^2_{\rm intermediate} + \dfrac 12 k_{\text{half spring}} 0.5^2$

A: Spring B is accelerated, thus  $V_{max}^B$, the maximum velocity of the mass relative to the point of contact between the two springs, will not be the same as if the point of contact were at rest.
To illustrate this, let us assume that spring A behaves as you assume, that means as if the box were rigid (which is not true, see floris answer). If you solve using energy conservation in the non-inertial system inside the box, you need to add the "potential energy" of the pseudo force $a=\omega^2x$. Using that you get $V_{max}=x\sqrt{\frac{k-\omega^2}{m}}$, thus the maximum speed of the mass relative to the contact point changes if the point is accelerated.

A: The "black box" is not an inertial mass - there is "something inside the box that is moving". That requires a force on the box "just to keep it still". Imagine someone is in an elevator, jumping up and down. You know there will be fluctuations in the force on the elevator cable - even though the car might not be moving.


Dedicated and energetic photographer with 5+ years' extensive experience in custom and specialized photography. Competent in capturing high quality images and organizing materials for photoshoots while displaying confidence and professionalism at all times. In depth knowledge of working with advanced photography equipment and tools. Bachelor of Fine Arts emphasis in Photography Degree. I do all of my own retouching techniques. The quality of light, both studio and on-location, exemplifies dramatic storylines told with vivid color. From portraits to thematic stories, the expressionistic qualities of visual storytelling is captured and represented within the imaginative narrative.