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MSc in Surgical Sciences
MSc in Primary Care Ophthalmology
MSc in Patient Safety and Clinical Human Factors
ChM in General Surgery
ChM in Trauma & Orthopaedics
ChM in Urology
ChM in Vascular & Endovascular Surgery
ChM in Clinical Ophthalmology
Edinburgh Surgery Online Team
Dr Chantelle Aftab
Deputy Programme Director
Dr Domenica Coxon
MSc in Patient Safety & Clinical Human Factors
Dr Heather Ellis
MSc in Primary Care Ophthalmology and ChM in Clinical Ophthalmology
Dr Riinu Pius
Senior Data Manager
Dr Uzma Tufail-Hanif
ChM in Vascular & Endovascular
Dr Katie Shaw
MSc in Surgical Sciences - Year 3
Miss Sarah Jones
Programme Administrator
ChM in Urology, ChM in Vascular & Endovascular, and MSc in Surgical Sciences
Mr Christopher Hooper
Mr Paul Melone
Ophthalmology Multi Media Manager
MSc in Primary Care Ophthalmology ChM in Clinical Ophthalmology
Dr Oluseye Ogunbayo
ChM in General Surgery and Global Outreach Strategy
Miss Karen Muir
Dr Louise Buckley
Dr Susan Morrow
Mr Edward Gamble
Mr Adam Chalmers
ChMs in General Surgery and Trauma & Orthopaedics
The online discussions were mind-stimulating and I could study flexibly at my own pace
Graduating from the MSc in Surgical Sciences is an important milestone in my surgical career and it helped me to pass my MRCS first time. I strongly recommend the course for young surgeons in training who wish to have strong foundation in basic sciences.
Mr Jin-Jiun Mah
I am really happy I came across ESO
It has really helped me in the Part 1 Fellowship of West African College of Surgeons exam I passed in October. I can boast I have a large wealth of basic surgical knowledge. It's scope is full and delivers all what a young surgeon needs to lay a strong surgical foundation. It has given me a good value for money. I strongly recommend this to all young African surgeons in training.
Adetunji Adeniyi Oremakinde, current student (MSc)
Year 1 Senior Registrar in Neurosurgery,
Lautech Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
I've found the ChM Urology to be challenging yet achievable.
It has provided me with the tools to achieve lifelong learning at a very high level, all aided by a worldclass faculty and super support team
Ms Sarah J Hart
There is no doubt that this program has led to a significant improvement in my clinical ability
I am currently a year 2 student in the ChM in General Surgery. I pursued this Masters degree as I was keen to undertake a postgraduate degree without taking time out of formal training. I was also attracted to this program as it covers all components of the FRCS examination. Participation in the ChM in General Surgery has been a very positive experience. Although this is a part-time program it covers all topics required for the FRCS examination. There is no doubt that this program has led to a significant improvement in my clinical ability. The ChM in general surgery is taught by consultant surgeons who are proven trainers and experts in their field and the faculty is drawn from the United Kingdom, Australia/New Zealand and the USA. In addition to the formal teaching there is the opportunity to complete a research project in a sub-speciality interest that gives students experience in research. The ChM has undoubtedly enhanced my knowledge base. I feel adequately prepared for the FRCS examination in general surgery and in addition it has allowed me to complete a research project that is relevant to my future career aspirations. I would recommend this program to any senior surgical trainee who wishes to complete a postgraduate degree that will adequately prepare them for the FRCS examination without taking time out from formal training.
Mr Darren Porter
The ChM in Trauma and Orthopaedics delivered by the University of Edinburgh has been a resounding success
As a practising orthopaedic surgeon, this course has enabled me to once again explore the basic science, pathology and management of trauma and elective orthopaedic procedures through case based discussions amongst a collaborative and experienced cohort of colleagues.
With the help of an experienced Orthopaedic tutor, our class has been able to present, debate, research and surmise common and rare orthopaedic conditions and management principles. As an orthopaedic surgeon involved in trauma and arthroplasty, I have found this course to both fortify ideas previously held and challenge some of my practice when evidence and discussion suggest different methods of management.
The Edinburgh University ChM in Trauma and Orthopaedics has an extensive and comprehensive syllabus. With knowledgeable staff and an international student presence, the diversity of orthopaedics is thoroughly explored. This prestigious degree has helped me in my clinical and academic pursuits and is recommended to anyone in their search to improve their understanding of trauma and orthopaedics.
Mr Jarrad Stevens
Directly relevant to every aspect of my day-to-day clinical practise
The ChM has increased my background knowledge, my clinical reasoning, my critical appraisal skills and my ability to perform self-reflection. It is directly linked to my training curriculum, and so is directly relevant to every aspect of my day-to-day clinical practise – and provides an excellent revision aid for the FRCS examination.
Matthew Thomas
ChM Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Graduated 2017.
Gave me the opportunity to work and study at the same time
I am a vascular surgery trainee from Malta. When I was reading for ChM in Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, I was working/training in a full-time setting with a 48hour+ week. I also have a passion for research and academic vascular surgery. Online distance learning was the best setting for me because it gave me the opportunity to work and study at the same time. Through online distance learning I was able to meet international tutors and colleagues and discuss cases (in-line with the current module) that I was encountering on a daily basis. As a result I was able to understand the subject even further. Working from an island makes travelling to European Universities on a regular basis expensive. Online distance learning cut down travelling costs and gave me the opportunity to channel the expenses towards other academic areas.
Matthew Grima
ChM in Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Graduated 2015
The MSc in Surgical Sciences provided a fantastic opportunity for ongoing education and research at the postgraduate level
I found both the coursework and research components very useful to my clinical work. Delivered through an online medium, it offered the flexibility of balancing studies with a full-time clinical load. I recommend the course to anyone wishing to undertake postgraduate studies in the surgical field!
Dr Sharman Tanny
Directed me to the important topics in the daily practice and for the exam
I decided to study the ChM as I was preparing for the FRCS-orth. I felt I needed a structured program to guide me through the syllabus. It was definitely the right choice as I kept studying every day for 2-3 hours and it was flexible with my work duties. The program was very good as it directed me to the important topics in the daily practice and for the exam. The evidence-based orthopaedics is important to keep up to date with new guidelines. My consultants noted big changes in the way I am handling patients and planning their management, which was very positive. I developed this with the regular participation in the discussion boards and the feedback from our tutors, they were very helpful. The ChM helped me also to prepare for the FRCS and I took section one and passed by the time I went for the graduation ceremony. Thanks for our nice tutors and supervisors, they encouraged us with positive feedback.
Mr Elgenaid Ahmed
2017 ChM Trauma & Orthopaedics Graduate.
Evidence-based and trains us to look at literature with a critical eye
The ChM course came highly recommended to me by colleagues who had done it before me. My decision to pursue the course was multi factorial. One was it provided me with a masters degree from the prestigious University of Edinburgh. Two was the high quality of mentors and tutors on the course. Three was the unique VLE platform where I could interact with everyone at my time and convenience. The best thing about the course is that it is evidence-based and trains us to look at literature with a critical eye. The modules cover all important aspects and topics like NOTSS, statistics etc. which are very important for surgeons to be aware of during practice and research. The course has improved my surgical acumen, decision-making and overall knowledge. I am more attune to practices and literature relevant to me. It has added weight to my résumé translating into more doors opening up, academically and clinically. I would hands down recommend this Masters course to anyone aspiring to be a master in trauma and orthopaedics!
Mr Jay Shah
I highly recommend this two year course to those who intend to appear for the FRCS Exam
I chose to enrol in ChM in General Surgery because it offered me the flexibility to study at my own pace and time as the course is taught entirely online. The course helped me gain knowledge based on the UK surgical curriculum and acted as the pivot in my preparation for the FRCS Exam. I found the experience very fulfilling and consider myself lucky to have interacted with a few excellent tutors who are experts in their respective fields and some very knowledgeable students from different parts of the globe throughout the course. The quality of interaction in the Virtual Learning Environment was excellent and the knowledge I gained helped me pass Section 1 of the FRCS Exit Exam and I hope to carry this knowledge to pass Section 2 in the near future. One thing I liked about this course was the liberty I had in participating in discussion boards at my convenience without the need to attend generic classroom lectures on a designated date, time and place. I highly recommend this two year course to those who intend to appear for the FRCS Exam in the near future and to those who are willing to further their surgical knowledge and gain insight and understanding of the intercollegiate surgical curriculum and national guidelines in the United Kingdom.
Mr Tanveer Adil
It was a very enjoyable two years and I would highly recommend this course to colleagues
The ChM program run jointly by the University of Edinburgh and the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh is a fantastic two-year part-time online masters that is a great compliment to the general surgery curriculum. I found that doing an online masters was the best fit with my training path and was an ideal way to obtain a masters degree. The curriculum of the ChM is practically identical to the FRCS curriculum and is an excellent way to start revision for the intercollegiate exams. The masters covers all aspects of general surgery and challenges us in ways that we do not necessarily get challenged on our day to day jobs. An added advantage is the international students, and tutors, that take part in the course and offer a different perspective to difficult cases. It was a very enjoyable two years and I would highly recommend this course to colleagues.
Mr Fadlo Shaban
Edinburgh Surgery Online
Room G10/G11
Simon Laurie House
EH8 8AQ
chm.info [at] ed.ac.uk
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What if one morning you wake up and you just cannot log into your Facebook account anymore? Though you are wondering what could be the reason, there are just some signs that your account was hacked. How someone does say his/her account was hacked? How sure are you about your Facebook account security? How can you prevent the next Facebook hacker from ruining your online identity? All of these things can matter most to Facebook users and there are just few things you can do to protect your account from hackers.
It's easy to just keep your password safe with you and do not let anyone have it. Whenever you browse online make sure you do that in a secure connection and that is advisable by experts too.
It is so common for Facebook users to share pages and links to their friends, but you are unsure of where these links come from. Sites such as www.blueportal.org take great advantage of this through their custom Facebook password hacker. You can prevent them from penetrating your page by not clicking them. Oftentimes, games, apps and videos are risky; you shouldn't click them if you are not sure of where they came from. Do not allow third party apps to access information from your Facebook account. It will be best to just remove those apps.
It's very common for Facebook users to add and accept friend requests from people you they don't know. Due to the urge of meeting new friends, they communicate and add people whom they don't know personally. It will be best to avoid posting essential details about you like family background, work information, contact numbers and others if you are into making friends with strangers.
Changing passwords regularly can help you in preventing hackers from figuring out your password. You should also make sure that your login notifications are active as well. These are simple yet important things you can do to protect your Facebook page.
Due to busy life, people these days often neglect in updating their antivirus, they neglect in checking if their Facebook's security is still strong. It's easier to hack a Facebook page these days using phishing method. This is why you are asked to keep your computer antivirus updated, so it can detect phishing sites when you go online. It will keep you safe from key loggers too.
Facebook will be your best buddy, a daily diary and it will serve as your data storage too. But you need to keep it secure at all times. It can be at risk and your personal data will be invaded by hackers.


New Apartments 3 is situated in Minsk 100 metres from Yanka Kupala National Academic Theatre a 3-minute walk from Belarusian National Arts Museum and 300 metres from Palace of Republic. The property has city views. The apartment includes 2 bedrooms a bathroom with free toiletries a living room and a kitchen with a dishwasher. A flat-screen TV is provided. Belarusian Great Patriotic War Museum is a 4-minute walk from New Apartments 3. Minsk National Airport is 31 km away.


Chances are that if you're a red wine drinker you're a big fan of the deep spectrum of flavours and aromas these wine varietals offer, but most red wine drinkers don't realise there's a common serving misconception that could affect this. If we asked you the best temperature to serve red wine, it's likely that you, like 82% of Australians surveyed recently, will say at or above room temperature.
However in a study, conducted at the Sydney Wine Academy by Taylors Wines, 100% of drinkers couldn't tell they were drinking the exact same wine when served two glasses of the same Taylors Estate Shiraz, but at different temperatures. In fact, 71% said they would actually pay more for the red served at a slightly chilled temperature.
Because in countries with warmer climates, higher temperatures – particularly in summer – have a negative impact on how a red wine tastes. The warmer a red wine is, the more pronounced and dominant its alcohol and tannins are, masking the beautiful fruit and oak characters that typically shine in the glass. The study shows that red wines served slightly chilled are far more enjoyable than reds at the modern 'room temperature'.
The origin of the 'room temperature' wine myth actually comes from the chateaus of medeivel France, where their cellars maintained a balmy temperature of 14°C. Today's modern 'room temperature' is at around 23°C, even warmer in summer – slightly different than our friends in the Northern Hemisphere!
According to Taylors, most red wines are best enjoyed between 12°C-18°C depending on the variety, meaning it's ideal to place them in the fridge before serving. Yep, that's right, if you want to enjoy red wine at its best in summer, bung it in the fridge – which also makes it one of the summer season's greatest refreshments too.
Place a plastic bag inside a wine glass and fill the bag halfway with ice. Twist the top of the bag to close it and pour red wine into the glass. Remove the bag after a minute or two and enjoy.
Put a handful of grapes in a bowl and freeze. Place the frozen grapes in a wine glass and pour red wine into the glass. Using grapes instead of ice cubes directly in the glass is far better as it won't dilute your precious red. Plus, you'll have a tasty grape snack after you've finished your wine.
Alternatively (and for a lot less messing around) Taylors Wines Optimum Drinking Temperature sensor is a handy gauge that's on the label of a number of their wines, which changes colour to show when the wine is at the ideal temperature to drink (pictured below). Simply place the bottle in the fridge to chill for 30 minutes, take the bottle out, swipe the sensor and check the temperature range, pour and enjoy. Too easy.


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Sage grouse need habitat, not captive breeding
An Attwater's prairie chicken, now surviving only through captive breeding. Loss of habitat and other factors have pushed the species to the brink of extinction, requiring the extraordinary breeding effort, marked by difficulties. (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service/Nappadal Paothong)
August 8, 2017 by Chris Madson 2 Comments
U.S. Secretary of the Interior Ryan Zinke's sage grouse review team submitted its report Monday, which says, among other things, that "further work is needed to evaluate captive breeding." The report, the cover letter from the Bureau of Land Management to the Secretary, and the memo from Secretary Zinke to Deputy Secretary David Bernhardt are available here — Ed.
On June 8, Ryan Zinke, the Trump administration's new secretary of the Interior, issued an order calling for a 60-day review of the sage-grouse management plan. Among other areas of interest, Zinke's order singled out captive breeding of sage grouse as a possible way to "maintain and improve the current population."
Chris Madson with pheasants in South Dakota.
The community of wildlife professionals is nearly unanimous in its opinion that captive breeding of greater sage grouse is a bad idea. Hard experience with a number of captive breeding programs lends weight to this view. Perhaps the best example of the pitfalls that plague captive breeding and reintroduction is the Attwater's prairie chicken.
Before settlement, populations of this subspecies of the greater prairie chicken may have been as high as 120,000 birds. By 1990, there were only 470 left in the wild. Faced with this precipitous decline, wildlife managers began a captive breeding effort in 1992 as the population continued to drop. By 1996, the first year captive-bred birds were released to the wild, the population had declined to 42 birds.
The infusion of birds from the breeding program helped stabilize the population. In 2016, the count hit a modern high of 130 birds in the wild, but that spring, a major flood hit and swamped the remaining chicken habitat in coastal Texas. The 2017 count was back to 42 birds.
They would be gone…
The Attwater's would almost certainly be extinct if it hadn't been for captive breeding, but it's also clear that 25 years of captive breeding and introduction of pen-reared birds have not been enough to move the Attwater's prairie chicken out of danger — 42 birds in 1996; 42 birds in 2017. Right back where they started. Beyond the environmental shocks that have set back the recovery, there are indications that the captive-reared birds are not well equipped to survive in the wild — they may have weaker immune systems and be more vulnerable to predators than their wild brethren.
Perhaps more critically, there aren't many places left to put captive-reared Attwater's prairie chickens. It's been estimated that, before settlement, there were roughly 6 million acres of Attwater's prairie chicken habitat. These days, there are between 100,000 and 200,000 acres left, depending on how you count.
Then, there's the cost. One authority on the Attwater's program has been quoted as saying that the released birds run about $1,000 each, a figure that doesn't include start-up costs.
That's what a captive breeding program looks like, and it's why biologists suggest captive breeding only as a last resort when a species is in imminent danger of extinction.
The situation facing greater sage grouse is worrisome, without doubt. Half the birds' range has been destroyed, and much of what remains is in no better than fair condition. New diseases like West Nile virus and exotic invaders like cheatgrass pose threats. Still, there are as many as 500,000 sage grouse left and about 120 million acres of occupied habitat.
Influencing management on these lands is easier than it is in Attwater's prairie chicken habitat, since more than 60 percent of greater sage grouse country is publicly owned and federally managed.
With all these reasons to avoid captive breeding, why would Secretary Zinke mention it as an area of focus for the team charged with this 60-day review? The secretary's order offers a chilling motive: He believes captive breeding may allow "energy and other development of public lands . . . job creation and local economic growth." In other words, he is hoping to accelerate habitat loss in the West's sagebrush grasslands, the one trend that really does threaten the future of sage grouse, along with Columbian sharptails, pronghorns, mule deer, and a host of other wild things that depend on the sage.
Did you learn from this story? Support WyoFile at Old Bill's Fun Run and have your donation partially matched
Adopting a captive-breeding effort to justify accelerated industrial incursions into the sagebrush wilderness is, at best, an act of ignorance and, at worst, a cynical perversion of science and conservation to benefit well-heeled special interests. As Kate Zimmerman of the National Wildlife Federation asked in a recent blog, "Where will these caged birds go once their breeding grounds are covered with well pads and roads?"
Sage grouse don't need help with their love lives — they handle that just fine on their own. What they need is a place to live, a landscape that provides food, water, and shelter, secure nurseries, refuge from blizzards and drought. The key to the future of sage grouse is habitat, not captive breeding.
And we hold the key in our hands.
Chris Madson holds a master's degree in wildlife ecology from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and worked for state wildlife agencies in Kansas and Wyoming for 36 years before retiring in 2014 to write full-time. He is a certified wildlife biologist with The Wildlife Society.
Can Wyoming afford to pay its 'excess tax capacity'?
Filed Under: Columns/Blog, Columns/Blogs, Guest Column, Guest Columns
About Chris Madson
Walt Dietz says
Is there any action that I can take. I'm tired of moaning and hand wringing. this article is spot on. but there is no indication that Zinke's staff have seen (or given weight to) Chris's and other wildlife authorities position. It will take more that writing a letter of protest. Or perhaps we should just throw up our hands and accept that current Interior policy though flawed is what it is.
I'm in a bad position. I am a Pennsylvania resident but I care passionately about Wyoming habitat issues.
My congressman/senator will ignore my protest about a Wyoming issue, and Wyoming congressmen/senators don't give a flip about a PA resident. Any suggestions?… give money is not an option.
City: Landenberg
State of Residence: Pennsylvania
Judith Kohler says
The governors of the Western states covered by the sage-grouse conservation plans — Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Colorado, Utah and Nevada — will be key to keeping things on track and safeguarding the habitat. It wouldn't hurt for them to hear from people from other states who care about the West and wildlife and who travel to Wyoming and other places to see sage-grouse, deer, pronghorns and the other wildlife that depend on sagebrush lands. There will likely be moves in Congress to undo sage-grouse conservation. There have been in the past, so your congressional representatives could help fight that off.
State of Residence: Colorado
Gary Trauner on Cheney's 'vote of conscience' deserves respect
Dave Racich on The unsupportable cost of Wyoming's tax giveaways
Courtney Whiteman; Public Affairs Specialist; BLM Wyoming on EPA disputes 'alternative approach' that OK'd huge oilfield
Steve Banks on Cheney's 'vote of conscience' deserves respect
Chuck Davis on Cheney's 'vote of conscience' deserves respect

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: Best way to schedule one-time events in serverless environments Example use case
Send the user a notification 2 hours after signup.
Options considered
setTimeout(() => { /* send notification */ }, 2*60*60*1000); is not an option in serverless environments since the function terminates after execution (so it has to be stateless).
CloudWatch events can schedule lambda invocations using cron expressions - but this was designed for repetitive invocations (there's a limit of 100 rules/region).
I have not seen scheduling options in AWS SNS/SQS or GCP Pub/Sub. Are there alternatives with scheduling?
I want to avoid (if possible) setting up a dedicated message broker (overkill) or stateful/non-serverless instance - is there a serverless way to do this?
I can queue the events in a database and invoke a lambda function every minute to poll the database for events to execute in that minute... is there a more elegant solution?

A: Use AWS Step functions, they are like serverless functions that don't have the 15 minute limit like AWS Lambda does.  You can design a workflow in AWS step that integrates with API Gateway, Lambda and SNS to send email and text notifications as follows:

*

*Create a REST API via API gateway that will invoke a Lambda function passing in for example, the destination address (email, phone #) of the SNS notification, when it should be sent, notification method (e.g. email, text, etc.).

*The Lambda function on invocation will invoke the Step function passing in the data (Lambda is needed because API Gateway currently can't invoke Step functions directly).

*The Step function is basically a workflow, you can define states for waiting (like waiting for the specified time to send the notification e.g. 30 seconds), and states for invoking other Lambda functions that can use SNS to send out an email and/or text notifications.

A rudimentary example is provided by AWS w/ their Task Timer example.

A: Things are coming on GCP for doing this, but not very soon. Thereby, today, the solution is to poll a database.
You can to that with Datastore/firestore with the execution datetime indexed (to prevent to read all the documents each minute). But be careful of traffic spike, you could create hotspot.

A: You can use Cloud Scheduler on Google Cloud Platform. As is is stated in the official documentation :

Cloud Scheduler is a fully managed enterprise-grade cron job scheduler. It allows you to schedule virtually any job, including batch, big data jobs, cloud infrastructure operations, and more. You can automate everything, including retries in case of failure to reduce manual toil and intervention. Cloud Scheduler even acts as a single pane of glass, allowing you to manage all your automation tasks from one place.

Here you can check a quickstart for using it with Pub/Sub and Cloud Functions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Comerio, Italy, November November 21, 2016 – Andrea Ciccolini has been appointed Vice President & Chief Information Officer of Whirlpool EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa). In his role, he will directly report to Esther Berrozpe Galindo, President of Whirlpool EMEA.
Prior to this role, Andrea was based in the United States where he was CIO of Patterson Medical. With a responsibility over the global IT organization, he personally contributed to the creation of a brand-new and avant-garde IT infrastructure. Over 15 years, he held prominent roles in the field of Information Technologies within major International companies such as Hospira and Federal-Mogul, thus lending his name to innovative initiatives in the health and automotive industries.
Andrea, 45 years old, graduated in Engineering at Politecnico di Torino. ln 2014, the Chamber of Commerce of Turin appointed him "Mentor for International Growth", a recognition reserved to Italian professionals living and working abroad, but still bonded to Piedmont Region for origin, academic or professional reasons.


Most of us agree that our economies and lifestyles need to embark on a greener development path. But what does greening an economy mean? Which opportunities exist to advance sustainable development? What challenges lie ahead along this path?
Do you want to organize a training on inclusive green economy (IGE)?
Would you like to familiarize your staff with green fiscal policies?
Are you looking to develop a new curriculum to teach IGE?
The Resource Guide for Green Economy Learning Institutions aims to raise the visibility to green economy learning opportunities, enable collaboration and kick-start a global green economy learning network. It identifies knowledge-sharers, thought-leaders, and pioneers of green economy learning.


Every year, we get the opportunity to develop an improvement plan that continues our work of providing quality care to all people in Guelph. This year, our plan focuses on what matters to you and your family. We are aiming to provide every Guelph resident with the right care at the right place and time.
We continue to work with our clinics and Guelph General Hospital to make sure that you have a connection back to your family doctor's office within 7 days after leaving the hospital.
Our Chronic Pain Management Program continues to expand and work with our community partners to make sure you are aware of all the resources available to help manage your pain. CLICK HERE for program info.
With an advanced care plan, our team is able to offer support much earlier for people with life threatening, progressive illnesses. This early planning allows people to get the right care and team in place.
Engaging patients to improve care is a priority for us and with the Be Heard patient experience survey and Patient & Family Advisory Committee, we will continue to listen to you. To be involved, take our survey HERE!
We think that all Guelph residents should know when and where care is available specific to the time and day of the week and what issue needs attention. We continue to support technology like online booking, e -consults, virtual visits and email communication, all aiming to provide you and your family with timely access to your care team.


Principal is the amount which is taken in the form of loan for personal use or business use. As per terms of loan, either simple interest or compound interest is paid for keeping same borrowed principle.
If you have interested money in per month RD. Per month, you are depositing $ 500. This is principal. At the end of maturity, you will get principal and interest. In FD investment, your invested money is principal and at the time of maturity, you will get principal plus interest.
Accounting Education: What is Principal in Finance?


With a turbo trainer and the Continental UltraSport Hometrainer II Turbo Trainer Tyre, winter can set in when it wants to. Thanks to its special cold-running compound the HomeTrainer II doesn't experience the heat build up of a road tyre, nor does it suffer the tread separation that a road tyre is prone to under the special loads occurring when cycling and braking on rollers or drums.
With a turbo trainer and the Continental UltraSport Hometrainer II Turbo Trainer Tyre you can you can get through your winter indoor training without having to worry about excessive wear to your rear road tyre. A special cold-running compound ensures this tyre doesn't experience the heat build up of a road tyre and the risk of tread separation will be eliminated.
Noise levels produced by the tyre rolling on the drum of a turbo trainer are also reduced when using this tyre in comparison to a conventional road tyre. Resistant to wear, this tyre will enhance your turbo sessions with its sleek and smooth running performance.
Please note: This tyre has been designed explicitly for rollers and turbo trainers and is NOT suitable for on-road use.


Last night while teaching yoga on the fifth floor of a parking garage, I startled myself with a memory when I asked the class to roll to their right side, curl up, and pause between savasana, corpse pose, and pushing up to seated.
Transitioning to a fetal position between savasana and sukhasana.
When I was a student, I hated when the yoga teacher asked that of me. I would defiantly barely move an arm to the right and slightly bend my knee. When it was time to sit up for the final words and class conclusion, I would throw my arms back and roll up to seated in one quick motion. Slow transition? For chumps, I thought. I hated the idea of resting in fetal position as if I were some weak adult attempting to regress into childhood. I never understood the reasoning. Savasana, I totally understood. A much needed reset for the body and nervous system, as well as a chance to quiet the mind after moving through vinyasa. Rolling over to your side like a dying dog at the end? That, I didn't get. Why not just go from savasana to the final pose: sukhasana, easy seated position, without the added fetal position step?
Yes, that quote. The one that's sometimes thrown in your face in a negative way, after you've sloppily cleaned your room or rushed through a task. Maybe that's just my experience. Regardless, that quote came to mind last night as the class rolled to their sides and rested in the fetal position. Some of the class slowly and deliberately pushed themselves to their right flank, while others quickly shoved themselves over. The way they transitioned mirrored the way they had flowed through each posture during the class. No one avoided the pose, except for my ghost self that I pictured in front of me.
I think I rush through transitions because I am always beginning or ending something, and absolutely hate the in-between, the waiting, the pause—in life events as well as yoga.
Reflecting on this, I realized that even the way I show up to social or professional events is based on my avoidance of transition. I like to arrive exactly on time so that I don't have to wait for the engagement to begin, or arrive early but wait in my car, alone, taking care of emails or other small chores while I wait.
My sister's pet peeve with going to the movies with me is how late I like to arrive to the showing. I try to time exactly when the movie begins, rather than sit through all of the previews. Instead of relaxing and enjoying the buildup to the main event, I'd rather just jump in right at the start without any of the steps to get there.
Looking back at my life, I find that my avoidance of being "in limbo" has been a common thread for every one of my major life events. My inability to sit back and be patient has fundamentally shaped my life. From graduating college early, to my elopement, to many other pivotal points in my life—I've always chosen to blast forward rather than ease through a transition.
But yoga, as well as life, is found in these uncomfortable moments. The transition from urdhva mukha svanasana (upward facing dog) to adho mukha svanasana (downward facing dog) is one of those key, often rushed, moments where the transition between poses really matters. If you rush to make it to down dog, you miss the strength-building aspect for both your shoulders as well as your core. Not paying attention to the in-between of vinyasa transitions later affects your ability to master the advanced asanas, which build off of these small, often-overlooked moments of slow, strength-creating movement.
A mindful transition from chaturanga to urdhva mukha svanasana (upward facing dog) builds strength and endurance. Photo from Ekhart Yoga.
For me, and maybe you, that means slowing down in life as well as in yoga. Instead of jumping to the future, to the next thing, we need to enjoy the process and possible empty space between goals, life events, or career changes. Think about your favorite season (or seasons)—do you enjoy summer or winter the most? I have always disliked spring and fall, and the reasons for that have always been surface level (Oh, it's too muddy, too rainy, too sad), but now I see that I've just disliked the slow and messy transition between the full expression of the season. Again, the in-between scares me with the possibility of stagnation and time spent in limbo. With the flash of insight that last night's class sparked, I realize the need to meditate on the empty space in life, which truly isn't empty. By slowing down and easing into the transition, I hope to witness the slow movement and subtle rebirthing that exists in the quiet moments of in-between.
Banner photo by Akhlispurnomo is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.
Nina is a writer, yoga teacher, visual artist, and an outdoor enthusiast. Originally from upstate New York, Nina has lived in various parts of the world as she served as an officer in the U.S. Army. Currently she's in the process of moving her life from Texas to Brooklyn, New York.
My whole thing is after "death" pose I need a bit of time to be reborn…that transition you talked about!!!
I send you love as you play with the pacing of your transitions…both on and off the may! And thank you for reminding me to pay more attention to mine!!!
Jennilee! Thank you for reading and for your feedback. So interesting to hear your perspective and experience. I'm slowly getting to the point of more-than-just-tolerating the transition, someday I hope to be able to enjoy it enough to play with my toes too :) :P. Also, your article on vinyasa flow transitions is so on point – the way you intelligently acknowledge both sides to each transition preference is genius. I completely agree with you!
Incredibly fitting read as I find myself in-between jobs and not being very good at the non-working part of this process. Will be looking at how I approach things with a lot more humility in the future and see how I can tweak my behaviors. Thanks for the great article!


NEC XON Networking is a systems integrator that specialises in solutions for Service Providers, Mobile Operators, ISPs and large enterprises. We have over 20 years' experience of delivering complex turnkey solutions and pride ourselves in a highly-skilled team of people with local skills, including designing, building and operating networking solutions of any scale or complexity. We combine extensive experience in the market space with industry leading technologies to build solutions that meet the ever evolving requirements of the modern network.
Our solution partners include Juniper Networks, ADVA Optical, Procera Networks, PeerApp, NEC and other market leading vendors.
Local Expertise: We proudly boast a large team of experts with international experience that work in and understand the ever evolving challenges of modern networks and communications in Africa.
Expert Project Delivery: Our project office is experienced in managing complex implementations, migrations and upgrades. This experience is critical to ensure that the solutions are delivered to meet agreed deliverables, within agreed timeframes and with minimal impact.
24/7/365 Support: We have an established 24/7 support operation covering sub-Saharan Africa with our own spares holdings in-country. This allows us to offer cost-effective services, including same-day services across our supported countries.
Training & Certification: We offer in-country training, according to our partners' certification programs, in addition to customised knowledge-transfer training, specific to customer solutions.
Service Providers saw a major decrease in their high-margin voice services over the past 10 years when their subscribers started migrating to data services to drive their productivity applications. Currently, data dominates Service Provider networks; however, the largest proportion of the service revenue has moved to the OTT content providers resulting in a decoupling of traffic and revenue. The OTT providers have secured a position of very high revenues for their services but with very low risk since the bulk of the cost in providing their services lies in connectivity from the subscriber to their platforms, which is borne by the Service Provider.
The introduction of integrated IP/Optical networks has enabled Service Providers to meet their objectives of reduced time to market for new services whilst reducing Operational Expenditure (OPEX) associated with their networks. Software Defined Network takes these integrations a step further by enabling applications and services to dynamically request network infrastructure on demand. Through this integration, Service Providers will become more aligned with their customers and business requirements thus making their environments much more agile and competitive at a lower cost. Business agility affects the top-line with a potential increase in revenue and Integration, at the operational level, affects the bottom line with OPEX savings – so it is a win-win situation.
Users are demanding an enhanced Quality of Experience (QoE) from their service providers. These user demands are incrementally increasing the pressure on Service Providers to continuously upgrade their core network's bandwidth. The Optimisation solution from NEC XON allows Service Providers to deliver an enhanced QoE to their users without necessarily increasing their investment in core bandwidth through Deep Packet Inspection and caching techniques. These are tightly integrated with the billing capability included in the solution and, for the first time, it is possible to monetise what was previously seen as techniques to reduce Operational Expenditure only. This solution leads to increased revenue and reduced Capital and Operational Expenditure for Service Providers whilst enabling them to maintain and grow a loyal, happy subscriber base.
NEC – providing packet microwave transport.
Service Providers, Enterprises and Small to Medium Businesses are increasingly seeing their businesses being threatened by cyber security attacks. Africa is no longer immune to cyber threats and the number and severity of targeted attacks is increasing exponentially year on year. NEC XON has brought together two of the most innovative vendors in the cyber security space to create a solution that not only ensures Service Providers' customers business continuity, but it also protects Enterprise and Small to Medium businesses from both internal and external threats. NEC XON's integrated solution aims to protect Service Providers from the revenue impacting threat of their customers' operations being attacked as well as the potentially devastating impact on businesses when their operations are crippled by malicious attackers.
Mobile networks have seen an explosion in the amount of data consumed by subscribers due to the proliferation of smart devices and media rich applications. In a study by the US FCC, the amount of mobile data consumed in the USA alone in 2013 was 563 PetaBytes (PB) per month, and it is predicted that this will grow to six times this amount by 2019. In order to deliver on these demands, mobile networks must make optimal use of any spectrum and wireless technologies available to them in the pursuit of heterogeneous networks (HetNets). NEC XON's integrated 3G, LTE small cell solution from NEC allows Mobile Operators to increase their footprint and capacity at the lowest cost with a very small environmental impact and footprint.
The management of the cloud services may be self-managed or outsourced. SDDC extends the virtualisation concepts that have been the basis for the traditional cloud services to present all resources, including computing power, virtualisation, storage and management, as utilities to any device at any time on what customers perceive as one unified cloud.
TMForum Frameworx is a suite of best practices and standards that provides the blueprint for effective, efficient business operations. It enables Service Providers to assess and optimise performance using a proven, service-orientation approach to operations and integration. The practical tools available in Frameworx help improve end-to-end management of services across complex, multi-partner and multi-vendor environments. Netcracker, an independent company owned by NEC, is the leading provider of TMForum's compliant and certified NMS, OSS and BSS solutions that enable effective Business Process and Operations Management for large Service Provider customers.


195.6 million passengers passed through airports in Spain during 2014, 4.5 more than in 2013. AENA, the company that runs Spanish airports, is now the leading airport operator network in the world when it comes to passengers' numbers.
There were also 1.8 million flights, more than 2% more than in 2013. Malaga airport is now the fourth-ranking in Spain in terms of passenger volume in 2014, with 6.4% more than the previous year. Flights at Malaga airport also increased by 5.8% up to 108.000.
Flights from Malaga reach 126 destinations and there are 14 new routes that operate since the end of 2013, with twelve new routes expected to open during the summer season of 2015. This bodes very well for the local economy of Malaga, where we have seen a positive transfer in its economic state over the last few years.
Regarding the 3000 square meter expansion of the commercial area in the airport, two million euros have been invested. The concept of an 'airport' has changed in recent years, incorporating not just the proper functions of an airfield but also high end modern services to improve the passenger experience.
Capital expenditure in Malaga airport during this legislature amount to 154.2 million euros, nearly 60% of the total investment in all other airports in Andalucía, said the minister.
Airport access for cars, taxis, buses and other form of transport including private transfer vehicles is crucial for optimal overall performance and 61 million euros will have been invested in the South access needed for it to be operational on March 29th.
Regarding the project to link the North access to the West motorway road, Ministry sources said via a press release that "it is already been approved and it will be funded as soon as possible".


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The Ambush
A monthly newsletter from the
Centennial Tigers Australian Football Club
Tigers kick off 2022 season
It's hard to believe the Tigers officially started the 2022 season in early March, officially welcoming AFL cult hero and Collingwood and Melbourne player Dannie Seow as the new head coach. Dannie's dedication to the sport, club and individuals is commendable.
Following a fun and successful indoor no-tackle league, the team decided to break the year into two seasons (spring and fall), with an optional summer no-tackle league. Our matches and tournaments are locked in for the year, and the Tigers are putting in the miles in preparation for our first match of the season against the DC Eagles, NY Magpies and Philly Hawks on May 14 in Washington DC
Check out the 2022 schedule!
Coach's Commons
I am excited and honored to be selected as the Centennial Tigers' head coach. As we move forward on our footy journey together, I am hoping I will bring a new and fun way to see Australian football along with the joy of having Australian football in your life.
My goals for the Tigers in 2022 are to build knowledge of the game, develop footy-specific fitness and learn to play as one team through on-ground communication, pressure on the opposition and support of each other.
Together I feel we can create a club culture of fantastic people and athletes as we connect with the local community and inspire youth and adults alike to watch, support and be a part of the Tigers' journey.
As the head coach, I will assist everyone to be the best they can be, both as athletes and people—meaning I am here for you all on and off the field.
HUNT AS ONE
Dannie Seow, Head Coach
Footy Under the Stars league registration open!
South Suburban Parks & Recreation is partnering with the Centennial Tigers again—this time offering an outdoor summer series under the stars! Games will take place at the new outdoor lighted turf facility near the Sports Complex.
This will be a 9v9 and no-tackle league. Have friends, family or coworkers interested in joining? Share this link with them! Cost is only $59 per person, and the Tigers will offer three skills clinics before the start to teach the game.
CLICK HERE to register for Footy Under the Stars
Click to Register!
Next Gen footy starts strong in Denver girls' school
More than 30 middle school girls played touch footy on a turf field four mornings a week at the Girls Athletic Leadership School (GALS) in Denver, and after two months, they can catch marks, kick goals and even smother balls on par with their peers in Australia.
It all began with a footy clinic for 120 girls at the public school in early March, a partnership forged by our team president, Sara Rohner, and the school's athletic director, Danielle Ennis. After six skills sessions led by Coach Dannie Seow, Australian rules football became an official elective for the school's spring "Movement" periods and grew to include high schoolers and attending faculty as well.
The months of hard playing culminated in an exhibition match on the final Friday, Centennial Tigers vs. GALS, where the GALS students scored eight goals!
Many thanks to the staff at GALS, Danielle Ennis, Eric Messerli, Alyssa Sanchez, Leah Bock, Carol Bowar, and Carrie Donovan; the Tigers who volunteered their time, Sara Rohner, Evelyn Rabil, Erin Taylor, Deja Maestas, Taryn Lenox, Hayley Lansing, Amanda Newell, Ally Dykes and Tami Meis; and of course, the person who ran it all, Dannie Seow.
Assistant coaches officially announced
Carly Austin
Matt Witkowski
Although a Colorado native, Carly first learned about footy while living in Sacramento, California. Her experience in various sports such as soccer, volleyball, track, basketball and crew give her the hand up when reading the field, ensuring quick decision making and communicating to teammates.
When she's not prepping for her new arrival, Carly teaches math at Ponderosa High School and works as an assistant coach for the school's varsity girls basketball team.
"I am really looking forward to taking on a new role in footy. I've loved footy since the first time I picked up a ball. I'm excited to embrace this role and learn more about the game from Dannie as well as help new players develop their skills and love for the game," Carly said.
Matt is a native of Diamond Creek, Victoria, where he played for the Diamond Creek Junior Football Club and for the University Blacks at Melbourne University.
When not kicking the footy, Matt is an assistant professor in the Department of Pediatrics at CU Anschutz and concurrently leads a research program focusing on childhood leukemia.
Matt joined the Centennial Tigers because he wants to impart his love for footy on American athletes, particularly within the women's game. "It'll be a joy to be a part of the Tigers," he said.
Tigers to travel cross country for first game of 2022 season
After three months of preseason training, 16 Tigers will pack mouthguards, boots and toothbrushes into Frontier-regulation-sized backpacks and fly 1,600 miles to our nation's capital for our first and second matches of the season on May 14.
Flush with oxygen rich air, the Centennial Tigers play the D.C. Eagles, New York Magpies and Philadelphia Hawks in back-to-back women's games on the Eagles' home turf.
The following day, the team and supporting members plan to tour Washington D.C., many for the first time. Brace yourselves for fantastic photos of Tigers with monuments, Tigers at the White House, Tigers in the Reflecting Pool, Tigers escorted out by the Secret Service...er…well maybe not that last one!
Promoted Sponsors of the Month
Bankers Life
Our Bankers Life Greenwood Village staff take the time to get to know you listen to your needs and values, and are dedicated to helping you meet your goals for a secure retirement. Get to know Bankers Life and learn why our 1.4 million customers trust us to help protect their financial future, ensuring a healthier and rewarding retirement.
Ting Fiber Internet
Ting provides fiber internet to Centennial residents and are passionate advocates of the principles of net neutrality. We support a free and open Internet in word and deed. Ting will never block, throttle or otherwise interfere with the online access of our customers.
Purchase a custom Tigers mouthguard
Impact Mouthguards create custom-fit mouthguards! Thanks to our partnership with them, you can order a Centennial Tigers mouthguard in black or white for only $44.99!
Protect your teeth while repping the Tigers!
Order Tigers gear!
We are thrilled to announce our updated team store is live on SquadLocker where you can order Tigers-branded gear. Select from over 60 items ranging across genders and ages (infant clothing available, too!). Want something you don't see on the store? Email info@centennialtigers.com with your request(s)! Use the code CTAF10 to get 10% off on your orders through Dec. 31.
Copyright (c) 2022 Centennial Tigers AFC. All rights reserved.


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Help build our movement of courageous women. Join us in organizing for a future where we all have dignity in the workplace!
Over 2 million women care for our nation's homes and families. Many of them are immigrant women and women of color.
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We organize to achieve the dignity, respect and professionalism our work deserves!
Silvia immigrated to the United States from Mexico in 2000 to provide better educational opportunities for her daughter. For the past 15 years, she has worked as a house cleaner. Sylvia has participated in many local and national campaigns to improve the working conditions and rights of domestic workers. She loves her work and takes great pride leaving her clients' homes gleaming.
She's now an active member of Casa Latina, and recently was elected to NDWA's Board of Directors by her peers.
Your contribution goes directly to support our innovative programming and improve the lives of millions of hardworking domestic workers.


Abiomed Announces Peripartum and Postpartum Cardiomyopathy Approval and Women's Initiative for Heart Recovery | ABIOMED, Inc.
DANVERS, Mass., Feb. 13, 2018 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Abiomed, Inc. (NASDAQ:ABMD), a leading provider of breakthrough heart support and recovery technologies, announced today the launch of a new indication and Women's Initiative focused on heart recovery education and awareness. This Women's Initiative is in conjunction with the Company's expanded FDA approval for cardiogenic shock associated with cardiomyopathy, including peripartum and postpartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). Clinical data collected in the cVAD Registry study included PPCM patients under the category of cardiomyopathy.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cardiovascular disease is the number one killer of women and causes 35% of deaths (approximately 430,000) in American women over the age of 201. Two causes of death as a result of cardiogenic shock, specific to the female population are PPCM and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD).
PPCM occurs during pregnancy or after childbirth and is a leading cause of pregnancy-related deaths in the United States2. The disease is often difficult to diagnose, with a mortality rate of 10%, mainly driven by cardiogenic shock. This condition can lead to poor outcomes for the infant and carries a high risk of relapse in subsequent pregnancies4,5. Historic hospital protocols prioritized the life of the mother during the cardiogenic shock episode. With Impella support, patients can have minimally invasive therapy and avoid invasive surgeries and severe drug therapy.
SCAD is a spontaneous tear in the coronary artery that may lead to cardiogenic shock or sudden death. SCAD is the number one cause of heart attacks in young women6 and the average age is 427. SCAD often occurs in patients who are active and healthy and 90 percent are women.
Impella® heart pumps offer the unique ability to stabilize the patient's hemodynamics and unload the heart, which allows the muscle to rest and potentially recover its native function. Heart recovery is the ideal option for a patient's quality of life and as documented in several clinical papers, has the ability to save costs for the healthcare system8,9,10.
Learn more about women who have recovered from PPCM and SCAD after hemodynamic support from Impella at www.heartrecovery.com.
In June 2015, Laura Hernandez, 28, developed peripartum cardiomyopathy hours after giving birth to her third child at South Miami Hospital. She required CPR and Dr. Jamie Ghitelman implanted the Impella CP® device to give her weak heart hemodynamic support. Laura was transported to Memorial Regional Hospital under the care of Dr. Enrique Gongora. After 3 days of support she was weaned off Impella. Laura made a full recovery and was able to return home to her family with her new baby.
In May 2016, Kristie Holmes, 41, called 9-1-1 due to shortness of breath and weakness while driving her three children to school. An ambulance rushed Kristie to a heart transplant hospital in Los Angeles where physicians determined that she had SCAD, which caused a massive heart attack and cardiogenic shock. The Impella® device was implanted and after multiple days of support, Kristie was weaned from Impella and discharged home. Today, Kristie remains an active mom, professor at the University of Southern California, and is on the board of the United Nations Women U.S. National Committee.
In December 2015, Lauri Evans, 34, was healthy and had no history of heart complications. After overseeing the annual holiday party at her children's school, she collapsed and was rushed to College Station Medical Center where the clinical team determined that she had SCAD, which caused a 99% blockage in her left main artery and led to cardiogenic shock. Dr. Rocky Bilhartz implanted the Impella CP device to allow her heart to rest and recover. After days of support, she returned home to her husband and four children with no resulting damage to her heart.
"The Impella platform provides a new treatment option for women suffering from cardiogenic shock caused by cardiomyopathy," said Cindy Grines, MD, Chair, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health. "Additionally, unloading the heart so it can rest has the potential to improve outcomes specifically around heart recovery, for this young postpartum population. Education and patient awareness are also critical to properly diagnose and treat these patients."
"I am so grateful to be enjoying life without restrictions or limitations. Considering the nature of what happened, my story didn't have to end that way, but it did," said Lauri Evans, Impella patient. "And the more I learn, the more I understand what an important part Impella played."
"With our expanded indication, we can invest in education and awareness as we launch our Women's Initiative for Heart Recovery. Abiomed will establish a new physician and patient advisory board to make heart recovery the standard of care for women suffering from cardiogenic shock," said Michael R. Minogue, President, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Abiomed. "We are so motivated and inspired to be part of the team that allows these young and otherwise healthy new mothers, like Laura, Kristie and Lauri, to return home to their families with their native heart and live the lives they were meant to have."
Heart Disease Statistics. CardioSmart, American College of Cardiology: https://www.cardiosmart.org/Heart-Basics/CVD-Stats.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Trends in Pregnancy-Related Deaths: https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/pmss.html.
Kolte D, Khera S, et al. Temporal Trends in Incidence and Outcomes of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in the United States: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014 Jun 4;3(3):e001056. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001056.
Bhattacharyya, A., Sukhdeep, SB, et al. Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: A Review.Tex Heart Inst J. 2012; 39(1): 8—16.
Sliwa K, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, et al. Current State of Knowledge on Aetiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Therapy of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: A Position Statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Peripartum Cardiomyopathy. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12(8): 767—78.
Grosseto D, Santarelli A, Carigi S, Baldazzi F, Franco N, Santoro D et al. Incidence of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in All Comers Patients Referred for Acute Coronary Syndrome [abstract 194] Eur Heart J: Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2012;1(1 Suppl):61.
Hayes SN. Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD): New Insights into This Not-So-Rare Condition. Texas Heart Institute Journal. 2014;41(3):295-298. doi:10.14503/THIJ-14-4089.
Maini B, Gregory D, Scotti DJ, Buyantseva L. Percutaneous Cardiac Assist Devices Compared with Surgical Hemodynamic Support Alternatives: Cost-Effectiveness in the Emergent Setting. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2014 May 1;83(6):E183-92.
Cheung A, Danter M, Gregory D. TCT-385 Comparative Economic Outcomes in Cardiogenic Shock Patients Managed with the Minimally Invasive Impella or Extracorporeal Life Support. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60(17_S).
The Impella 2.5®, Impella CP®, Impella 5.0® and Impella LD® are FDA-approved heart pumps used to treat heart attack or cardiomyopathy patients in cardiogenic shock, and have the unique ability to enable native heart recovery, allowing patients to return home with their own heart. The Impella 2.5 and Impella CP devices are also approved to treat certain advanced heart failure patients undergoing elective and urgent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) such as stenting or balloon angioplasty, to re-open blocked coronary arteries. Abiomed's right-side heart pump, the Impella RP® device, is FDA approved to treat patients experiencing acute right heart failure or decompensation following left ventricular assist device implantation, myocardial infarction, heart transplant, or open-heart surgery. To learn more about the Impella platform of heart pumps, including their approved indications and important safety and risk information associated with the use of the devices, please visit: www.protectedpci.com.


OLD WARDOUR CASTLE, Wiltshire. Reconstruction drawing by Philip Corke of the inner courtyard, in the Middle Ages, with its decorative well cover. Servants.
In this session, you'll [text].
Jackie Alexander, Associate Director of Student Media, shows us how student-produced journalism and entertainment can help give everyone a voice.
It was not until after the Second World War that the British welfare state took its mature form. In a climate of relief after the war, a climate diffused with an idealism for a new, more just society, welfare legislation had bipartisan support. There was a clear sense of rebuilding a better Britain.
Hotel Majestic, Springfield Avenue, Harrogate, North Yorkshire. The south front viewed from the grounds to the south west. Photographed by Herbert Felton in 1960.


The broker offers its clients a single trading account type, a standard one. This account is commission-free and has no requirement for a minimum deposit, however you must have at least $1 in order to place a trade.
Of course, a free Demo account is also available, which is always appreciated by newbies.
MahiFX offers online trading in over 100 currency pairs, as well as in precious metals (silver & gold) on two trading platforms. Unlike most forex brokers, MahiFX admits to be a market maker.
The broker started operations in 2010 and now has a global reach, operating via its licensed companies in the UK, Australia and New Zealand.
As we have already mentioned, MahiFX Ltd. is regulated by NZ's FMA and Australia's ASIC, but its most important license is the one acquired in 2017 from UK's financial watchdog.
Unlike most FX brokers, MahiFX has no minimum deposit requirements for opening an account. This makes it attractive for risk averse or inexperienced traders who are not willing to invest a large amount of money.
In comparison, ASIC-regulated XM also demands just $1 from clients to open an account and NZ-based KTMarkets requires $100 from traders to start with.
This broker does not charge traders any commissions. The transaction cost, which is how the broker earns its income, is through the spread.
And as regards spreads, MahiFX provides low variable spreads, the average ones on EUR/USD amount to 1.0 pips.
In comparison, XM also offers variable spreads from 1.0 pips on EUR/USD on its commission-free accounts.
In case you are interested, you may look up real-time spreads of 15 leading brokers here.
This broker offers leverage up to 1:100 for all major currencies, 1:50 for minors and 1:25 for metals. A maximum leverage ratio of 1:100 is at the lower end of the industry's standard. If you need higher leverage levels, other ASIC-regulated brokers offer such: FXCM – 1:200 and XM – up to 1:888.
Traders, however, should be mindful of high leverage, for trading on margin may both multiply their profits on a small deposit and lead to heavy losses exceeding their initial investments.
MahiFX offers its clients a choice of two basic platforms: its proprietary MahiFX and the renown MetaTrader 4.
The MahiFX platform is an in-house developed web-based platform, which is equipped with the standard tools and features. It allows one-click trading, trading from the charts and is also Mac compatible. Currently this platform doesn't have automated trading strategies available and probably most experienced traders will find it too simple to be useful enough.
Like most FX brokers, MahiFX also supports the most popular MetaTrader 4, available as desktop and mobile versions. MT4 provides all the tools and resources a trader needs: a number of technical indicators, extensive back-testing environment, advanced charting package and Expert Advisers (EAs), allowing full automatization of trades.
This broker does not offer PAMM/LAMM software supporting managed accounts, although it intends to provide social/copy trading in the future.
MahiFX supports a small range of payment methods. Investors can choose between bank wire transactions and payments via credit cards (VISA and MasterCard).
Very high slippage and constant freezing make you lose even on winnin positions. Nothing to expect here, well maybe loss of money, but we aren't trading to lose but to profit.
immediately, unlike most other companies, where response time was very slow.
They are really helpful and I have learnt a lot in the last few weeks.
MahiFX launched with a message of promoting a close relationship with it's traders. The market maker provides impressive spreads because they shoulder the risk for trades like a banking institution. Their proprietary trading platform started off as a bare bones experience that provided the minimal functionality needed to trade forex.
While it was a good start, it could not hold up to more established brokers that have already put years of development into their platforms. The recent update to the MahiFX platform goes a long way towards correcting this former disparity in functionality.
Notable changes to MahiFX's proprietary platform include zooming options, the ability to draw lines, while being able to trade directly off of the chart instead of the summaries. MahiFX is promoted with the idea that it is built to support scalpers just as much as day or carry traders. The lack of the ability to enact chart trades really hampered the potential for scalpers. Needing to click through a different screen was an opportunity for lost time, pips, and mistakes.
The new chart trading option allows the trader to easily select the size of their trade, see the available quotes, and execute with a single click. The new changes provide an ideal environment for forex scalpers.
Forex traders use a wide degree of indicators to try and interpret the future movements of a currency pair. Very few indicators were available to the trader when MahiFX was launched. The recent update provided a slide out window on the chart view with a wide a variety of customizable indicators. Highly technical scalpers that use a variety of checks should be just as comfortable as longer-term traders with over 20 new additional indicators.
The website itself has undergone some changes to help increase the usability of the space and be more welcoming to visitors. New videos have also been posted to help traders make the most out of the MahiFX platform. MahiFX seem to be proactive about providing an environment that encourages the trader to reach for higher success (see https://mahifx.com/what-forex-trading-style-suits-you ). Time spent in the video archive can provide great insight into the thoughts of the owners for their long-term goals for MahiFX and the traders that utilize it.
The Flash based experience for me is troublesome. I am constantly being logged out and the inability to open multiple windows is frustrating.
The future of MahiFX and their platform functionality largely relies on listening to what retail forex traders want. They have created a platform that has institutional functionality, but retail traders are a different breed. We love MT4 and the ability to create our own trading experience. Attracting MT4 traders on to their web app is key. This will prove difficult as a lot of the MT4 brokers are releasing their own web apps that incorporate a lot of the MT4 features. MahiFX are doing the same, which is great as the platform has great potential.
Their spreads are competitive but are already being caught up with some offering 0.6 on EUR/USD.
If MahiFX lacked the functionality you needed to pursue your trading strategy, now is a great time to go back and revisit what they have to offer to traders.
MahiFX - A Trading Platform for the Future?
Mahi-FX touts the ability to offer very tight spreads as low as 0.8 on some major pairs. The low spreads are the result of the way Mahi-FX approaches its service. Rather than acting as a traditional broker, they instead shoulder the risk on their own and serve as a market maker. A traditional broker is a liaison between trader and market maker thus adding an additional group of people that need to be paid.
*Verdict? - You will not find tighter spreads as consistently with a traditional broker until they start serving as their own market maker.
MahiFX certainly have atrractive spreads and come across as genuine and transparent. 6 months worth of currency data to boot as well.
*Verdict? - The Mahi-FX platform is very responsive and offers many traditional amenities. You can tell it is a new platform, though it is stable and we have not encountered any bugs. It is missing some of the functionality we would expect to find in a platform aimed at scalpers, such as single-click trading off of charts with overlays.
Much can be said on those that want to reinvent the wheel. Sometimes it goes very well, other times it falls flat. Mahi-FX seems to be reaching for a middle point. The platform includes many of the features you would expect to find. Organization methods are supplemented with Mahi-FX's "Book" organization method. Books allow you to set up and execute specific criteria for a currency pair such as a purchase with hedging. Similarly, closing the Book lets the trader close out all transactions associated with it providing a simple, yet effective utility.
*Verdict? - The coding behind the platform is a streamlined experience. Commands are highly responsive and the platform does not include, or need, a latency slider. Solid coding and the removal of a stop in data transition provide a very smooth experience. Books are useful for the trader that wants faster, more efficient execution of complex trades. Much of what you will find in the Mahi-FX platform is similar to what is already on the market, but it seems to be even more simple to use and understand.
The internet created a free-for-all environment with businesses around the world competing with one another. Many brokers, or businesses, offer fairly similar services. They strive to stand out from their competitors through building a winning customer experience and service. Mahi-FX was created with the goal of embracing the needs of the traders that use it while providing superior spreads over competitors. Customer service is just as important as a platform since these are the people you will need to rely on if anything goes awry.
*Verdict? - We submitted a help ticket discussing a few constructive criticism points we had about the platform, many of which are included in this review. Within one day, the co-founder Susan Cooney (also cited to be heading the public/social interaction side of Mahi-FX) responded herself. She thanked us for the suggestions and revealed that at least one of these requests was already in development (single-click trading off of overlay charts). Susan then went on to discuss some of the various points and their thinking behind the suggestions as well. It was a very positive, informative experience. Most importantly, her demeanor conveyed she cared about our time and suggestions.
Mahi-FX is a great start with very skilled, knowledgeable people driving the business. Making the change to Mahi-FX from a more established broker will probably come down to the trader's personal preferences with functions, as I know MT4 is in the soul of most FX traders, including myself.
We highly recommend establishing a free demo account to put your strategy through the paces to ensure all functionality you require is present. It isn't particularly fair to compare the Mahi-FX platform to more established platforms as they are just getting off the ground.
There is a lot of potential for Mahi-FX. So long as they stay the course of developing their platform to the overall needs of their users, they can easily go the distance and farther. We predict Mahi-FX will grow in popularity for scalpers, day traders, and swing traders as their platform is refined with greater functionality with their ultra-tight spreads. Definitely check them out.


Watari Wataru's popular light novel Yahari Ore no Seishun Love Comedy wa Machigatteiru. (My Youth Romantic Comedy Is Wrong, As I Expected, or Oregairu for short), which is being published in Shogakukan's Gagaga Bunko, will get a third TV anime season. The light novel is approaching its climax and will release its 14th volume on 18 April 2019.


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A tale of two lives from the 1940 Census
May 3, 2012 Flashback blog.
By BARBARA MARSHALL
When the 1940 Census time capsule cracked open, the childhoods of people now in their 80s swam into view.
There on Page 5 of the "Palm Beach Town" records is 13-year-old James Griffin, son of the superintendent of Mar-a-Lago. With his parents and three siblings, Griffin lived in the caretaker's cottage just past the estate's front gates. Today, it's a Mar-a-Lago Club guest house.
This snapshot from the 16th Census shows entries for the Griffin family. Click on the image to view a larger version.
At the time, owner Marjorie Merriweather Post (Mrs. Joseph Davies in 1940) opened her vast palazzo for only three months in the winter.
"We had the whole 18 acres to ourselves most of the year," said Griffin, 86, who lives in Lake Clarke Shores. "I chased the rabbits and foxes and fished for bluefish off the beach."
He recalls a childhood far removed from the despair unspooling on the west side of the Intracoastal.
"When Mrs. Davies was there, there were parties every night. I met senators, congressmen, all kinds of famous people, even the Duke and Duchess of Windsor. It was a wonderful, wonderful world."
In 1955, Griffin inherited the superintendent's job from his father. When Donald Trump bought Mar-a-Lago in 1985, he inherited Griffin, who stayed until his retirement about 10 years ago.
Jimmy Griffin in a family photo and today. Griffin grew up at Mar-a-Lago in Palm Beach, where his father (at right in the family photo, next to a young Jimmy) was the estate's superintendent. Griffin became the superintendent there in 1955. (Photo credits: Left, provided by Jimmy Griffin, right by Brandon Kruse/The Palm Beach Post)
"No house numbers in Riviera," the census taker wrote on the record for the small fishing village, to which "Beach" hadn't yet been appended. There on Page 21 is 10-year-old Garnett Knowles, who lived on Inlet Avenue, now 15th Street, in what was known as "Conch Town."
"I was proud to be a Conch, still am," said Knowles, 82, who lives in Palm Beach Gardens. He grew up with nine siblings in a three-bedroom wooden cottage near U.S. 1. "But nobody knows about us anymore."
Yet the year before the Census, a WPA writer and photographer found the community of white Bahamian fishing families so compelling, he chronicled their net-to-mouth existence in a photo essay called Conch Town.
Knowles remembers gathering palm fronds for his mother and aunts, who plaited them into hats for tourists. To earn money, he dug clams, oysters and conch from the lake bed and sold bait shrimp.
But outside his neighborhood, Conch was synonymous with redneck or cracker, Knowles learned when he entered Palm Beach High.
"You could tell people treated you differently. They isolated from you and called me Conch, but I didn't care," said Knowles, who went on to hold the football team's touchdown record.
He retired as a communications specialist for Pratt & Whitney.
Garnett Knowles in a family photo (provided by Knowles), and today, pictured in front of a boat supply store where his childhood home stood in Riviera Beach (Brandon Kruse/The Palm Beach Post).
Other posts about the 1940 Census: 1940 Census: Vivid stories emerge from otherwise dry statistics and 'C' for Census: How the Census solved my home's mysterious mailbox engraving
This week in history: Haverhill incorporated
1940 Census: Vivid stories emerge from otherwise dry statistics


This site publishes poems and short stories written by children as online displays so they can be seen by a wider audience. It also organises some of the best writers to attend literature events. The goal is to spread an enjoyment of literature.


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A synod (also known as a council) is a council of a church, usually a Christian church, convened to decide an issue of doctrine, administration or application. An ecumenical council is so named because it is a synod of the whole church (or, more accurately, of what those who call it consider to be the whole church.)
The word comes from the Greek σύνοδος meaning "assembly" or "meeting", and it is synonymous with the Latin word concilium — "council". Originally synods were meetings of bishops, and the word is still used in that sense in Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.
Sometimes the phrase general synod or general council refers to an ecumenical council. The word synod also refers to the standing council of high-ranking bishops governing some of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches. Similarly, the day to day governance of patriarchal and major archiepiscopal Eastern Catholic Churches are entrusted to a permanent synod.
1 Uses in different Communions
1.1 Orthodox usage
1.2 Roman Catholic usage
1.2.1 Councils
1.2.2 Synods
1.2.3 National episcopal conferences
1.3 Anglican usage
1.4 Lutheran usage
1.5 Presbyterian usage
1.6 Reformed Usage
1.7 Protestant usage in the Congo
2 Some notable synods
Uses in different Communions
Orthodox usage
In Orthodox churches; synods are meetings of bishops within each autonomous Church and are the primary vehicle for the election of bishops and the establishment of inter-diocesan ecclesiastical laws.
Roman Catholic usage
In Roman Catholic usage, synod and council are theoretically synonymous as they are of Greek and Latin origins, respectively, both meaning an authoritative meeting of bishops for the purpose of church administration in the areas of teaching (faith and morals) or governance (church discipline or law). However in modern use, synod and council are applied to specific categories of such meetings and so do not really overlap.
Council in Roman Catholic canon law typically refers to an irregular meeting of the entire episcopate of a nation, region, or the world for the purpose of legislation with binding force. Those contemplated in canon law are the following:
An ecumenical council is an irregular meeting of the entire episcopate in communion with the Pope and is, along with the Pope, the highest legislative authority of the universal Church (can. 336). The Pope alone has the right to convoke, suspend, and dissolve an ecumenical council; he also presides over it or chooses someone else to do so and determines the agenda (can. 338). The vacancy of the Holy See automatically suspends an ecumenical council. Laws or teachings issued by an ecumenical council require the confirmation of the Pope, who alone has the right to promulgate them (can. 341). It should be noted that the role of the Pope in an ecumenical council is a distinct feature of the Roman Catholic Church.
Plenary councils, which are meetings of the entire episcopate of a nation (including a nation that is only one ecclesiastical province), are convoked by the national episcopal conference.
Provincial councils, which consist of the bishops of an ecclesiastical province smaller than a nation, are convoked by the metropolitan with consent of a majority of the suffragan bishops.
Plenary and provincial councils are categorized as particular councils. A Particular council is composed of all the bishops of the territory (including coadjutors and auxiliaries) as well as other ecclesiastical ordinaries who head particular churches in the territory (i.e. territorial abbots and vicars apostolic). Each of these members has a vote on council legislation. Additionally, the following persons by law are part of particular councils but only participate in an advisory capacity: vicars general and episcopal, presidents of Catholic universities, deans of Catholic departments of theology and canon law, some major superiors elected by all the major superiors in the territory, some rectors of seminaries elected by the rectors of seminaries in the territory, and two members from each cathedral chapter, presbyterial council, or pastoral council in the territory (can. 443). The convoking authority can also select other members of the faithful (including the laity) to participate in the council in an advisory capacity.
Meetings of the entire episcopate of a supra-national region have historically been called councils as well, such as the various Councils of Carthage in which all the bishops of North Africa were to attend.
Synods
Synods in Eastern Rite Catholic Churches are similar to synods in Orthodox churches in that they are the primary vehicle for election of bishops and establishment of inter-diocesan ecclesiastical laws. The term synod in Latin rite canon law, however, refers to meetings of a representative, thematic, non-legislative (advisory) or mixed nature or in some other way do not meet the qualifications of a "council." Examples include:
The Synod of Bishops is an innovation from the Second Vatican Council, introduced by the decree Christus Dominus. It is an advisory body of the Pope, whose members are elected by bishops from around the world. The Pope serves as its president or appoints its president, determines its agenda, summons, suspends, and dissolves the synod, and can also appoint additional members to it (can. 344). Members of the synod express their opinions on matters on an individual basis (i.e. no decrees or resolutions are issued by the synod), but the Pope, at his option, can grant it that power, in which case its decrees or resolutions are approved and promulgated by him alone (can. 343). The Synod of Bishops is suspended when the Holy See is vacant.
Diocesan synods are irregular meetings of the clergy and laity of a particular church summoned by the diocesan bishop (or other prelate if the particular church is not a diocese) to deliberate on legislative matters. Only the diocesan bishop holds legislative authority; the other members of the diocesan synod act only in an advisory capacity. Those who must be invited to a diocesan synod by law are any coadjutor or auxiliary bishops, the vicars general and episcopal, the officialis, the vicars forane plus an additional priest from each vicariate forane, the presbyterial council, canons of the cathedral chapter (if there is one), the rector of the seminary, some of the superiors of religious houses in the diocese, and members of the laity chosen by the diocesan pastoral council, though the diocesan bishop can invite others to attend at his own initiative. (can. 463)
National episcopal conferences
National episcopal conferences are another development of the Second Vatican Council. They are permanent bodies consisting of all the Latin rite bishops of a nation and those equivalent to diocesan bishops in law (i.e. territorial abbots). Bishops of other sui juris churches and papal nuncios are not members of episcopal conferences by law, though the conference itself may invite them in an advisory or voting capacity (can. 450).
While councils (can. 445) and diocesan synods (can. 391 & 466) have full legislative powers in their areas of competence, national episcopal conferences may only issue supplementary legislation when authorized to do so in canon law or by decree of the Holy See. Additionally, any such supplemental legislation requires a two-thirds vote of the conference and review by the Holy See (can. 455) to have the force of law. Without such authorization and review, episcopal conferences are deliberative only and exercise no authority over their member bishops or dioceses.
Anglican usage
In the Anglican Communion, synods are elected by clergy and laity. In most Anglican churches, there is a geographical hierarchy of synods, with General Synod at the top; bishops, clergy and laity meet as "houses" within the synod.
Diocesan synods are convened by a bishop in his or her diocese, and consist of elected clergy and lay members.
Deanery synods are convened by the Rural Dean (or Area Dean) and consist of all clergy licensed to a benefice within the deanery, plus elected lay members.
Lutheran usage
In Lutheran traditions a synod can be either a local administrative region similar to a diocese, such as the Minneapolis Area Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, or denote an entire church body, such as the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod.
Presbyterian usage
In the Presbyterian system of church governance the synod is a level of administration between the local presbytery and the national general assembly. Some denominations use the synod, such as the Presbyterian Church in Canada, Uniting Church in Australia, and the Presbyterian Church USA. However some other churches do not use the synod at all, and the Church of Scotland dissolved its synods in the 1980s, see List of Church of Scotland synods and presbyteries.
Reformed Usage
In Swiss and Southern German Reformed churches where the Reformed churches are organized as regionally defined independent churches (e.g. Evangelical Reformed Church of Zurich, Reformed Church of Berne) the synod corresponds to the general assembly of Presbyterian churches. In Reformed churches the "synod" can denote a regional meeting of representatives of various classes (regional synod), or the national denominational meeting of representatives from the regional synods (general or national synod). Some churches, especially the smaller denominations, do not have the regional synod tier (e.g. the Reformed Church in the United States [RCUS]).
Protestant usage in the Congo
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the vast majority of Protestant denominations have regrouped under a religious institution named the Church of Christ in Congo or CCC, often referred to - within the Congo - simply as The Protestant Church. In the CCC structure, the national synod is the general assembly of the various churches that constitutes the CCC. From the Synod is drawn an Executive Committee, and a secretariat. There are also synods of the CCC in every province of the Congo, known appropriately as provincial synods. The CCC regroups 62 Protestant denominations.
Some notable synods
Synods of Antioch
Synods of Carthage 251, 255, 256, 348, 411, 418, 419, 424
Synod of Ancyra 314 (about Bestiality, broken down by age-group)
First Synod of Tyre and Jerusalem 335
Synod of Hippo 393
Councils of Toledo
Synod of Mâcon 585 (Tithing)
Synod of Whitby 664
Cadaver Synod 897
Synod of Erfurt
Synod of Charroux, 989
Synod of Rathbreasail, 1111
Synod of Cashel, 1172
Synod of Verona, 1184 (about Waldensians)
Synod of Toulouse, 1229
Synod of Dort 1618/1619
General Synod, Anglican churches
Holy Synod
Synod of Diamper
Conciliabulum, the diminutive used for an irregular council
Ecumenical council, representing the universal episcopate
Council oF Bishops
College of Bishops
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This page was last modified 20:59, 22 July 2009.


Lol. I promise to not change variables until the current test is complete. I certainly could test with higher psi and see how much it takes to run smoothly. At some point, though, I will be pushing as much heat out of the forge as I am keeping in. Once I get a number on the right psi I want to change another variable on oredrr to see what allows me to run more efficiently. My goal is to learn what makes these burners tick as much as it is to make this one work.
The forge is 5.75 inches in diameter. All told, including the 3x3 column at the back entrance, the forge is about 290 cubic inches. I was concerned that back pressure might become an issue. Ive considered more variables I could test in order to deal with the pressure. Changing the length of the mixing tube is one option. Changing the mig tip is another. I figure that, once I play with the ports on the burner block, I will test each of those as well. Any other ideas?
This entire conversation has made me hungry and inspired me to go out to my neighbor's new restaurant as I haven't been there yet. He told me that he put khao soi on the menu. Khao soi (Thai coconut soup) with a heap of chili seeds in oil is my jam!
Vincent, thanks for that research help. I believe it supports an explanation for everything we have been working out in this thread. You have a good no weld option that someone on here has already used. Search online for a "T-type threaded conduit body 3/4". That's what I'm thinking of using for my next burner. Back to my testing. All, strange results! I blocked off one jet on the burner and more than doubled my run time of 4:20 at 5 psi to 9:35 at 5 psi before blowout. I then blocked a second hole and ran it again. This time it blew out at 7:20 at 5 psi. When it cools I'm going to try it with three holes blocked just to look for a pattern. After that I guess I will run the same series at 7.5 psi. So far I see no logic.
My neighbor is a Thai owner/chef who moved from his 20 year and going restaurant in South Pasadena to try to bring his style to the East. Our neighborhood cookouts improved dramatically since this past summer. Back to my purpose.... my mechanic has been cleaning his shop (two 30 yard dumpsters so far) because he is selling his shop to another family of mechanics. He stopped by my house to deliver me some new old stock leaf springs! Somehow the photo is dark but you can see them still with the tag still on them.
I love the Attwood duo of hammer and anvil. You were fated to have that anvil find you. I love the anvil.
Yup, I followed the plan as closely as possible. I have 19 holes made with crayons. I'm thinking that the severity of my problem may be related to the forge design itself as well. Where I cast the back wall of the forge it bumps out into the chamber just enough to create a shelf that overlaps the edge of the burner. It may created a little hot pocket of air that increases back pressure. By blocking off the jet that is closest to that side, I'm hoping to reduce the effect. I'll find out today. I hope that makes sense.
This seriously worth the experimentation. I only had the time to run one test today and, at 5 psi, it backfired at 4:20. I've decided to not bother with testing at higher pressures and, instead, to block off ports incrementally to see if I can increase that time. Currently the blue flames appear to start inside the ports. I'm going to see if I can't increase the airflow until they stand just proud of the holes. I'm thinking this will be a good place to start.
Sections of the block do get red hot relatively soon into a burn. I'll try to get footage of that as I'm doing some of the testing today. I'm thinking about running it at 5,7, and then 10 psi and timing it for blowout. Depending on how that goes I'll think about blocking one of the ports on the burner block and running the same tests again.
The knife is, as always, a work of art. The story is the blade version of the ugly duckling. It was beautiful the entire time....it is perceptions that change.