Women and children picking through trash isn't an unusual sight in India. Delhi doesn't have city trash trucks that regularly collect garbage. Instead, neighborhoods sell their trash to rag-pickers, who sift through the waste and resell the recyclables. It's an exceptionally efficient and green segment of the local, "unorganized" economy – jobs born of necessity and not regulated by the state. However, rag-picking is still a dirty job, and it's reserved for "dalits" or members of the lowest caste, formerly called the "untouchables".
I barely noticed three rag pickers outside of the building where I work the other day – until the security guard yelled at them.
The women were picking through bags of trash lined along the driveway. The bags contained a mixture of refuse: bits of plaster, wood, paper cups, newspapers, food wrappers and other yucky garbage. The women each grabbed a bag and walked away. That's when the security guard yelled at them in Hindi. He didn't want the women stealing the trash, which was probably promised to another collector.
I couldn't understand what he was saying, but one didn't need to speak Hindi to know that he was mad, that he was bullying the women, and that this wasn't going to end well.
I protectively stood by the women and shooed them down the driveway with their bags – and they seemed relieved by my effort.
However as they walked away, the security guard lunged at one of the women, pushed her forward , grabbed her arm and yanked her around. Then he grabbed her trash bag and dumped it upside down, emptying the contents all over the driveway.
I yelled at him, and did whatever it is I do when I'm mad. Situations like this are too heated and too fast to remember in detail.
I was dramatic enough for my driver to notice as he was pulling away after dropping me off. He quickly came to protect me.
I didn't need protecting, but I did need him to translate for me. I wanted my histrionics clearly understood by the little man who saw no wrong in roughing-up women. Poor women. Women driven by poverty to pick through trash.
Sadly, there's more than language that bars us from understanding each other.
The guard believes that he was doing his job – protecting the trash and the property.
I saw an economy that normalizes trash picking.
I saw a security guard who believes people are only worthy of the life they inherit.
Later that day I told Jim about the incident and as he so often does, he smiled knowingly at yet another story of my hot-headedness. He, too, was appalled by the guard's aggression. But he's the thinker in the family and he tried to put the incident into perspective by giving me a sweet lesson on the "economy of scarcity" in India.
Intellectually I know, I know, I know that India is rising – growing through layers of complicated history and culture.
But my heart won't let my feet walk away when I see that kind of violence.
Some things are too awful to ignore.
We don't see much of Maya now that we have moved. Sadly, the last time I saw her, she showed me a festering wound behind her ear. It looked as though someone had burned her – though I could be wrong. The wound was bad enough for me to return to her street corner with a tube of antibiotic ointment. It was a Sunday and I took the kids. Maybe I shouldn't have. We've always had a car door between us and our beggar friends.
We sat on a curb and I cleaned her wound and dabbed it with bacitracin. It wasn't long before a crowd surrounded us. The kids didn't like the attention.
Sitting next to Maya, I could her see her filth. Dirt I hadn't noticed from my car. Her situation seemed sadder, more depressing. It was all disheartening, really.
But again, some things are too awful to ignore.
Every day this tricycle hauls away my garbage. The collector didn't want me to photograph him.
We went to the western edge of India, on the Pakistan border again. This time, the desolate sands of the Thar Desert separated us from seeing the other side.
I have promised Jim not to write too much of our adventures. He's brewing a travel piece of his own and since his writing keeps this family fat and happy and mine is mere indulgence, I won't over-do it here.
Lala: She can't stop growing. She wears my clothes, my shoes; she uses my make-up, cream, perfume; and now, she reads my books! I was a few chapters into "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks" when it disappeared. My mother called me "fingers" because I couldn't keep my hands off her things. The apple isn't falling far from this tree.
The boys: Smelly, Dirty, Loud, Exhausting. Need I say more?
Jim: Facing final. final. final. final. edits on Brave Dragons. It releases Valentines Day and this is my first of many plugs: It's an AWESOME read. The book tour is late February/March, and many of you will get to see him (and maybe me). Stay tuned.


text:
Q: I have created an API in node js in request I am getting object but while retrieving it server side showing error I am not getting the error that why that array is not pushing into parameter
Here is my code in session.poll_questions_list.push I am trying to push array but getting an error like "Cast to ObjectID failed for value"
router.put('/session/updatepoll/:sessionID', function(req, res) {
  Session.findById(req.params.sessionID, function(err, session) {
    if (err) {
      return res.send(err);
    }
    if (session) {
      if (req.body.poll_enabled) {
        session.poll_enabled = req.body.poll_enabled;
        session.poll_type = req.body.poll_type;
        session.poll_questions_list.push(req.body.poll_questions_list);
        session.save(function(err, session) {
          if (err) {
            return res.send(err);
          } else {
            res.json(session);
          }
        })
      }
      if (!req.body.poll_enabled) {
        session.poll_enabled = req.body.poll_enabled;
        session.poll_type = "";
        session.poll_questions_list = [];
        session.save(function(err, session) {
          if (err) {
            return res.send(err);
          } else {
            res.json(session);
          }
        })
      }
    }
  })
})

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
U-60 – niemiecki okręt podwodny (U-Boot) typu II C z okresu II wojny światowej. Okręt wszedł do służby w 1939 roku. Wybrani dowódcy: Georg Schewe, Adalbert Schnee.

Historia
Przydzielony do 5. Flotylli U-Bootów celem szkolenia, a później jako jednostka bojowa. 1 stycznia 1940 włączony w skład 1. Flotylli jako jednostka bojowa. Od listopada 1940 w 21. Flotylli Szkolnej.

Pod koniec maja 1940 U-60 próbował storpedować brytyjski niszczyciel HMS "Vimy" i polski ORP "Błyskawica". 1 sierpnia U-Boot był atakowany przez holenderski okręt podwodny O-21, który wystrzelił w jego kierunku dwie niecelne torpedy. Tego samego dnia dostrzeżony został także przez kolejny holenderski okręt – O-22, ale duża odległość uniemożliwiła przeprowadzenie ataku. Następnego dnia U-Boot został omyłkowo zaatakowany przez własnego Junkersa 88.

U-60 od lipca 1939 do października 1940 odbył 9 patroli bojowych, podczas których zatopił 3 statki o łącznej pojemności 7561 BRT (w tym jeden na minach) i uszkodził jeden (holenderski liniowiec "Volendam" z brytyjskimi dziećmi ewakuowanymi do Kanady na pokładzie, 15434 BRT; jedna ofiara).

W kolejnych latach wojny okręt wykorzystywany był jako jednostka szkolna. Został samozatopiony przez załogę 2 maja 1945 w Wilhelmshaven (operacja Regenbogen).

Bibliografia

Niemieckie okręty podwodne samozatopione w ramach operacji Regenbogen
Niemieckie okręty podwodne typu II zatopione podczas II wojny światowej
Okręty podwodne typu IIC
Okręty szkolne
Statki i okręty zatopione na Morzu Północnym

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Google would never merely imitate what Hipmunk is doing. You can be assured that under the hood there are a whole lot of analytics going on to determine what the Best Flights really are.
Google introduced new features in its flight-search product, and one of them is a less-visual imitation of Hipmunk's Agony index.
Hipmunk's optional Agony sort presents what it deems to be the best flight-search results based on "a combination of price, duration and number of stops," and Hipmunk displays the choices in a visual way, devoid of verbiage and clutter.
So Google isn't saying precisely how it makes this determination, but, like Hipmunk, Google is trying to streamline flight search with a pain-remover.
Users can still optionally sort their results by price, duration, departure, arrival, airline and number of stops — or chose to search by Best Flights.
Is Google trying to out-Hipmunk Hipmunk?
It's highly doubtful, though, that Google is merely parroting Hipmunk under the hood of its flight search engine. The ultimate test will be in the flight options favored.
Google Flight Search also introduced a Tips feature, which identifies potential savings by traveling on different days and/or using different airports.
For example: "Save $87 if you leave on Thursday, August 15 (instead of August 16)," one Tip says.
The Tip feature also alerts the users to "inexpensive upgrades to business class on your target travel dates," Google's ITA says.
The upgrade advice, of course, benefits Google's airline advertisers, and may be advantageous to some travelers, as well.


text:
import React, {Component} from 'react';
import PropTypes from 'prop-types';
import Checkbox from '../Checkbox';
import TableHeaderColumn from './TableHeaderColumn';

function getStyles(props, context) {
  const {tableHeader} = context.muiTheme;

  return {
    root: {
      borderBottom: `1px solid ${tableHeader.borderColor}`,
    },
  };
}

class TableHeader extends Component {
  static muiName = 'TableHeader';

  static propTypes = {
    /**
     * Controls whether or not header rows should be
     * adjusted for a checkbox column. If the select all
     * checkbox is true, this property will not influence
     * the number of columns. This is mainly useful for
     * "super header" rows so that the checkbox column
     * does not create an offset that needs to be accounted
     * for manually.
     */
    adjustForCheckbox: PropTypes.bool,
    /**
     * Children passed to table header.
     */
    children: PropTypes.node,
    /**
     * The css class name of the root element.
     */
    className: PropTypes.string,
    /**
     * Controls whether or not the select all checkbox is displayed.
     */
    displaySelectAll: PropTypes.bool,
    /**
     * If set to true, the select all button will be interactable.
     * If set to false, the button will not be interactable.
     * To hide the checkbox, set displaySelectAll to false.
     */
    enableSelectAll: PropTypes.bool,
    /**
     * @ignore
     * Callback when select all has been checked.
     */
    onSelectAll: PropTypes.func,
    /**
     * @ignore
     * True when select all has been checked.
     */
    selectAllSelected: PropTypes.bool,
    /**
     * Override the inline-styles of the root element.
     */
    style: PropTypes.object,
  };

  static defaultProps = {
    adjustForCheckbox: true,
    displaySelectAll: true,
    enableSelectAll: true,
    selectAllSelected: false,
  };

  static contextTypes = {
    muiTheme: PropTypes.object.isRequired,
  };

  createSuperHeaderRows() {
    const numChildren = React.Children.count(this.props.children);
    if (numChildren === 1) return undefined;

    const superHeaders = [];
    for (let index = 0; index < numChildren - 1; index++) {
      const child = this.props.children[index];

      if (!React.isValidElement(child)) continue;

      const props = {
        key: `sh${index}`,
        rowNumber: index,
      };
      superHeaders.push(this.createSuperHeaderRow(child, props));
    }

    if (superHeaders.length) return superHeaders;
  }

  createSuperHeaderRow(child, props) {
    const children = [];
    if (this.props.adjustForCheckbox) {
      children.push(this.getCheckboxPlaceholder(props));
    }
    React.Children.forEach(child.props.children, (child) => {
      children.push(child);
    });

    return React.cloneElement(child, props, children);
  }

  createBaseHeaderRow() {
    const numChildren = React.Children.count(this.props.children);
    const child = (numChildren === 1) ? this.props.children : this.props.children[numChildren - 1];
    const props = {
      key: `h${numChildren}`,
      rowNumber: numChildren,
    };

    const children = [this.getSelectAllCheckboxColumn(props)];
    React.Children.forEach(child.props.children, (child) => {
      children.push(child);
    });

    return React.cloneElement(
      child,
      props,
      children
    );
  }

  getCheckboxPlaceholder(props) {
    if (!this.props.adjustForCheckbox) return null;

    const disabled = !this.props.enableSelectAll;
    const key = `hpcb${props.rowNumber}`;
    return (
      <TableHeaderColumn
        key={key}
        style={{
          width: 24,
          cursor: disabled ? 'default' : 'inherit',
        }}
      />
    );
  }

  getSelectAllCheckboxColumn(props) {
    if (!this.props.displaySelectAll) return this.getCheckboxPlaceholder(props);

    const disabled = !this.props.enableSelectAll;
    const checkbox = (
      <Checkbox
        key="selectallcb"
        name="selectallcb"
        value="selected"
        disabled={disabled}
        checked={this.props.selectAllSelected}
        onCheck={this.handleCheckAll}
      />
    );

    const key = `hpcb${props.rowNumber}`;
    return (
      <TableHeaderColumn
        key={key}
        style={{
          width: 24,
          cursor: disabled ? 'not-allowed' : 'inherit',
        }}
      >
        {checkbox}
      </TableHeaderColumn>
    );
  }

  handleCheckAll = (event, checked) => {
    if (this.props.onSelectAll) {
      this.props.onSelectAll(checked);
    }
  };

  render() {
    const {
      className,
      style,
    } = this.props;

    const {prepareStyles} = this.context.muiTheme;
    const styles = getStyles(this.props, this.context);
    const superHeaderRows = this.createSuperHeaderRows();
    const baseHeaderRow = this.createBaseHeaderRow();

    return (
      <thead className={className} style={prepareStyles(Object.assign(styles.root, style))}>
        {superHeaderRows}
        {baseHeaderRow}
      </thead>
    );
  }
}

export default TableHeader;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


At Woodlands our first swimming season commenced with a mere twelve swimmers and two coaches. At the conclusion of our second season the College had almost forty swimmers and six staff members. As a result we were able, for the first time, to field a B team at many of the galas. This growth can be attributed to the support of our parents and the determination of our coaching team. Under the guidance of Kerrie Moolman, a top synchronized swimmer, and with the help of Danny Vile, with his years of experience and passion for swimming, we put in an outstanding effort in our league this year by taking third place at the Inter-Schools Gala. Some of our swimmers broke records with enviable times.
Each one of our team members demonstrated tremendous determination and focus, and we applaud, in particular, Tingwei Deng, and Kayla and Calista De Wet who will be representing EGA at the Level Two National Championships in Sasolburg this year.


Dashboards are all the rage, so it is natural that your XPages application need a dash of a dashboard. A view makes an excellent source for dashboard data and the ability to categorize views handles the heavy lifting of aggregating the values you want to use e.g. in a bar or pie chart. I've been fallen in love with d3js since she is the ultimate visualization (if in doubt, read the classics ).
D3Js is a harsh mistress of exceptional beauty, so you might want to check out some of her offsprings like RickShaw, NVD3 or xCharts. Indulge in myriads of tutorials and reviews (check part 2 too) and the over 1000 examples.
does not work very well in my IE browser (as more charting solutions do) :-?
@Patrick: you pick your own level of suffering.


text:
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpResponseException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Authenticator;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.PasswordAuthentication;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Map;

public class Main extends HttpServlet {
  @Override
  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
      throws ServletException, IOException {

    URL proximo = new URL(System.getenv("PROXIMO_URL"));
    String userInfo = proximo.getUserInfo();
    String user = userInfo.substring(0, userInfo.indexOf(':'));
    String password = userInfo.substring(userInfo.indexOf(':') + 1);

    System.setProperty("socksProxyHost", proximo.getHost());
    Authenticator.setDefault(new ProxyAuthenticator(user, password));

    String urlStr = "http://httpbin.org/ip";

    CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
    HttpGet request = new HttpGet(urlStr);

    CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
    try {
      resp.getWriter().print("Hello from Java! " + handleResponse(response));
    } catch (Exception e) {
      resp.getWriter().print(e.getMessage());
    }
  }

  private static String handleResponse(CloseableHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
    StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
    HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
    if (statusLine.getStatusCode() >= 300) {
      throw new HttpResponseException(
          statusLine.getStatusCode(),
          statusLine.getReasonPhrase());
    }
    if (entity == null) {
      throw new ClientProtocolException("Response contains no content");
    }
    return readStream(entity.getContent());
  }

  private static String readStream(InputStream is) throws IOException {
    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
    String output = "";
    String tmp = reader.readLine();
    while (tmp != null) {
      output += tmp;
      tmp = reader.readLine();
    }
    return output;
  }

  private class ProxyAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
    private final PasswordAuthentication passwordAuthentication;

    private ProxyAuthenticator(String user, String password) {
      passwordAuthentication = new PasswordAuthentication(user, password.toCharArray());
    }

    @Override
    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
      return passwordAuthentication;
    }
  }
}


Ever wondered what goes on beneath the waves? From this weekend you can take a dive with the a new sea creatures exhibition that is visiting the capital. It features 50 full-body, real specimens and interactive exhibits and hopes to highlight the importance of marine conservation.


text:
4523 MIT este un asteroid din centura principală, descoperit pe 28 februarie 1981 de Schelte Bus.

Legături externe

 4523 MIT în JPL Small-Body Database
 4523 MIT în baza de date a Minor Planet Center
 Diagrama orbitei asteroidului 4523 MIT (JPL)

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1981
Centura de asteroizi


HIDDEN IN THE GIANT ROOTS of a sacred banyan tree, dozens of human skulls peeked out of the morning mist to greet me as I approached their forested home. Some seemed to be smiling or screaming, while others wore blank expressions across their bony faces. Strewn about them were the remains of shattered ceramic pots, glass bottles, plastic plates, and burned-out candles that no longer held their wicks. Rice grains littered the ground and the dank earthy soil smelled of fermented alcohol. The entire scene resembled a dinner party gone horribly wrong. But I later learned that the dead inhabiting this otherworldly realm were "noble" and provided with seasonal offerings to enhance the fertility of the nearby village and its people – the Naga.
Previous article TATTOODO INTERVIEWS LARS!
Next article DO YOU HAVE A ROCK ART TATTOO?


text:
Ontario government cuts music grant program by more than half | CBC News Loaded
Ontario government cuts music grant program by more than half
Ontario is cutting a music grant program by more than half, as it looks to modernize it.
$15M budget for Ontario Music Fund to be reduced to $7M, officials were told
The Canadian Press · Posted: Apr 28, 2019 11:07 AM EDT | Last Updated: April 28, 2019
The Cowboy Junkies received $55,000 from the Ontario Music Fund in 2017-2018, according to the Ontario Media Development Corporation. Siblings Margo and Michael Timmins of Cowboy Junkies perform some stripped down versions of songs from their album, All That Reckoning, in this photo. (qTV)
Ontario is cutting a music grant program by more than half as it looks to modernize it.
The day after the Progressive Conservative government tabled its first budget earlier this month, officials told the Canadian Independent Music Association that the Ontario Music Fund would be reduced from $15 million to $7 million.
Booze at 9 a.m., online gambling and more combat sports feature heavily in PC budget
Trudeau Liberals link 'reckless' Ontario budget with Scheer's Conservatives
The association's president said he had expected the fund would receive less money, given the government's aim of tackling the deficit.
"I wasn't surprised that the fund was going to receive a cut," said Stuart Johnston. "I was surprised by the depth of the cut. I think that took everybody by surprise."
The Tories said in the budget that they will be reviewing the program.
The Strumbellas received $70,000 from the Ontario Music Fund in 2017-2018, according to the Ontario Media Development Corporation. (The Strumbellas)
"The government will work with Ontario Creates to modernize the Ontario Music Fund to focus on activities that bring the biggest return to the province, and refocus its investments into emerging talent to create opportunities to achieve success," a spokesman for Minister of Tourism, Culture and Sport, Michael Tibollo, said in a statement.
"We will continue to work closely with our stakeholders in the culture sector, so we can continue to deliver on our promise to respect taxpayer dollars, and ensure that we are providing value for money in Ontario's culture sector."
The government noted that several large acts and companies have received money through the fund. Sony Music, Universal Music and Warner Music shared $1.75 million in 2017-18.
Johnston, who represents the independent music community, said the investments the fund makes in small business are sound.
"(The funds) are leveraged by the music industry to create the intellectual property, music, that is then commercialized both here in Canada and around the world," he said. "So there is a large return on investment based on those investments from the Ontario Music Fund."
People relax at the annual River & Sky Festival in northeastern Ontario. The fund supports live music at local festivals and NDP culture critic Jill Andrew said the budget cut will make it harder for homegrown talent to flourish. (Supplied/River & Sky)
NDP culture critic Jill Andrew said the cuts to the fund will make it harder for homegrown talent to flourish.
"(Premier) Doug Ford has hit another bad note on the culture file, this time ripping away opportunities from everyone from aspiring artists to the domestic music companies that nurture their budding talent," she said in a statement.
"This showcases just how out of touch the Ford Conservatives are with how important it is to support the local cultural sectors that contribute so much to our economy."
Jazz singer Matt Dusk said the funding has allowed him to expand his work and it helps create jobs.
"It enables us to not only hire Ontario employees, but also enables us to go to places within the province and the country where we get to go perform in certain halls or to create local events that then spin off into festivals," he said. "It's a real, kind of, trickle-down effect."
Doug Ford's PCs conclude that voters don't want deficit-slashing above all else
Ontario budget delivers cuts — and confusion — to Ottawa
Local music industry players sound off on streaming woes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
@implementation InjectedBundleClass

+ (void)load {
	NSLog( @"+[InjectedBundleClass load]" );
}

@end


text:
USPTO Refusal To Register Cannabis Trademarks Hurts Public
The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office's policy of rejecting applications to register trademarks that identify nonhemp cannabis products, as well as certain hemp CBD products, reflects an unduly doctrinaire approach that ultimately makes Americans less safe. As the cannabis industry continues to enter the business mainstream, the extension of trademark rights to cannabis companies' products would provide them with additional incentives to develop reputations for quality and safety, setting them apart from actors on the margins of legal markets at the state level. In addition, it would empower cannabis companies to, in concert with law enforcement, pursue counterfeiters peddling unregulated products.
In March, it was reported that Florida law enforcement agencies were expressing concern about "THC-laced candy and snacks … making their way into the hands of children and teens." THC refers to tetrahydrocannabinol, "the substance … primarily responsible for the effect of marijuana on a person's mental state." The level of THC in a cannabis plant determines if that particular plant is legally considered marijuana or hemp. Cannabis with a THC concentration of more than 0.3% on a dry-weight basis is considered marijuana, which is a scheduled drug according to the Controlled Substances Act. By contrast, following the enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, commonly known as the 2018 Farm Bill, cannabis with 0.3% THC or less is considered hemp, which is not a controlled substance per the CSA.
But while hemp and hemp products with 0.3% THC or less are no longer treated as controlled substances, certain hemp products containing cannabidiol are still unlawful under federal law. To be clear, CBD itself is not illegal. However, it is the view of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that foods, dietary supplements and drugs containing CBD cannot be sold legally, in accordance with the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.
The THC candies found in Florida were of particular concern to officials because "some of the marijuana edibles are hard to spot at first glance." In a Facebook post, the Charlotte County Sheriff's Office, or CCSO, warned that, "without looking closely, you would never know that these candies, that bear a striking resemblance to ordinary candy, [are] actually THC infused edibles."
The following photograph, courtesy of the CCSO, clearly depicts packages that prominently display the trademarks of famous candy brands, such as Skittles and Nerds. As the CCSO notes, it is only upon close inspection that the true nature of the candies becomes evident. For example, a Cheetos bag shown in an image supplied by the Sarasota County School District is imprinted on the bottom left with a small square containing the letters "THC" and a content in milligrams that is illegible on the image provided. On the bottom right corner, there is a triangle framing a cannabis leaf and an exclamation point, with the letters "CA" below it.
Those familiar with cannabis terminology and imagery will be immediately alerted to the presence of the term THC and the familiar shape of the cannabis leaf. However, it is reasonable to assume that there are many people who are not be able to make the connection between these symbols and marijuana. As a result, there is a real risk that the edibles will in some cases be consumed by people who do not wish to ingest THC, or any cannabis at all.
Trademark Rights
It is precisely because of the risks presented by counterfeits such as the candies found in Florida that the laws of the U.S. — and those of virtually every country in the world — protect trademarks rights. Lawmakers want the public to have the assurance that the Skittles bag it purchases in a store in Sarasota or Bradenton, Florida, is made by or under the authority of the Wrigley Co. In order to offer that assurance, the law grants to brand owners such as Wrigley the exclusive right to use trademarks such as SKITTLES and prohibits unauthorized use of those trademarks.
The fact that the fake candies found in Florida contain a controlled substance is certainly newsworthy, but largely irrelevant in the context of trademark rights. Needless to say, a candymaker like Wrigley does not want a product containing THC inside a bag bearing its trademarks. At the same time, it does not want real candy of unknown provenance inside such a bag either. This is true for a number of reasons, not least the potential for lost profits. In addition, companies like Wrigley do not want the good reputations they have built over decades tarnished because of some criminal's unsanitary or foul-tasting fakes.
For their part, government authorities worry about the risks to consumers presented by fake products. By definition, counterfeiters operate on the margins of the law; their business model is predicated upon anonymity and the accompanying lack of accountability. If a candymaker is willing to infringe a trademark in pursuit of profit, there is a good chance it is also willing to ignore food safety laws, just as we should not expect the makers of counterfeit toys to heed child safety rules.
Trademark rights play a key role in the efficient operation of consumer markets, incentivizing companies to innovate, by protecting their exclusive right to monetize their brands. These rights also provide additional rewards for maintaining high quality and safety standards.
The case of the Florida THC candies, however, serves as a reminder of the fact that many cannabis companies operating legally in an increasing number of states are being denied trademark protection, to the detriment of the public. The USPTO refuses to register trademarks for products considered marijuana — that is, cannabis over the 0.3% THC limit — as well as certain CBD products such as edibles, whose sale the FDA considers unlawful.
Challenges for Cannabis Companies
Like companies in other sectors of the economy, cannabis companies face the risk of having their products counterfeited. As with other instances of counterfeiting, this presents risks not just to cannabis companies themselves, but also to consumers.
Consider for example a company that manufactures CBD edibles legally under the laws of Washington state. This company is subject to stringent regulatory oversight in its home state, yet it is not entitled to federal trademark protection against an anonymous infringer selling edibles made in completely unregulated fashion.
Another risk involves the misidentification of products. For example, a counterfeiter might introduce into the market products that contain THC with fake labeling indicating that they are just hemp products. It might also misstate THC or CBD amounts.
The THC edibles found in Florida presented serious risks to potential consumers. Fortunately, the fact that the fakes infringed on the trademarks of household names such as Cheetos and Skittles probably helped trigger alarms. Perhaps a teacher who eats genuine Cheetos noticed something askew with the packaging on a student's Cheetos bag. A parent may have been surprised by the soft consistency of the edibles, at odds with how actual Skittles should feel.
However, for the time being at least, few if any cannabis companies enjoy such powerful brand recognition, meaning that few people will be able to notice irregularities in packaging or product characteristics.
In addition, companies such as Wrigley, Ferrara Candy Co. and Frito-Lay Inc., owners of the "Skittles," "Nerds" and "Cheetos" trademarks, respectively, usually run brand protection programs. As part of these programs, they conduct market monitoring to help detect traffic in their fakes and incorporate anti-counterfeiting technology in their genuine products.
They also cooperate with law enforcement, for example recording their intellectual property with customs agencies such as U.S. Customs and Border Protection to facilitate efforts to prevent the trade in counterfeit goods.
A Way Out?
Cannabis companies are largely deprived of tools to combat piracy. A company may discover counterfeiting activity, but it may not be of much use if there is no enforceable trademark. The logical solution to remedy this issue is to allow cannabis companies duly registered with state authorities to register their trademarks at the federal level for all their products, including those considered marijuana, as well as the CBD products not approved by the FDA.
The USPTO's examination guide notes that "Use of a mark in commerce must be lawful under federal law to be the basis for federal registration" and points to the authority of Section 907 of the Trademark Manual of Examining Procedure. In turn, the manual points to various authorities, including sections 1 and 45 of the Trademark Act.
It is worth noting that the word "lawful" does not appear at all on Section 1, while Section 45 simply defines "commerce" as "all commerce which may lawfully be regulated by Congress."
However, lawful use has become a requirement in practice, upheld by several Trademark Trial and Appeal Board rulings on the subject. According to the TTAB:
to hold otherwise would be to place the [USPTO] in the anomalous position of accepting as a basis for registration a shipment in commerce which is unlawful under a statute specifically controlling the flow of such goods in commerce.
Given USPTO and TTAB practice, the only realistic path extending trademark protection to cannabis companies may be through an amendment the Trademark Act or new federal legislation. Such an initiative would represent a step toward harmonizing federal law with the nation's changing cannabis landscape, without requiring lawmakers to consider a change to the legal status of marijuana and CBD themselves.
Considering how extending full trademark protection to cannabis companies would be in the public interest, by keeping unregulated products out of consumers' hands, it should not be a controversial move.
Editor's Note: A version of this article first ran on Law360 on May 3, 2021.
The post USPTO Refusal To Register Cannabis Trademarks Hurts Public appeared first on Harris Bricken.
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: Landmark Cfs Private Limited is a Private incorporated on 27 August 2015. It is classified as Non-govt company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Ahmedabad. Its authorized share capital is Rs. 37,500,000 and its paid up capital is Rs. 37,500,000. It is inolved in Supporting and auxiliary transport activities; activities of travel agencies Landmark Cfs Private Limited's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held on 30 September 2018 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet was last filed on 31 March 2018.


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Демографија
Према попису становништва из 2010. у округу је живело 19.807 становника, што је 1.179 (6,3%) становника више него 2000. године.

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"Something scrappy"
empathy human centred design innovation mindset service design Oct 02, 2020
There is no doubt that this Covid 19 pandemic is a scary time. There's also no doubt that people and organisations have responded in ways which has turbo charged the pace of change.
In my own neighbourhood I've seen a much-loved tiny clothing and homewares store which relied on the authentic handmade nature of its goods, the outsized and generous hearted personality of its owner and chief maker and the deeply intimate shop experience transition very quickly to an online business. This was a shop where you used to have to phone up if you had a question or visit the store in person. Now a quirky, lively and personal Instagram front-end integrates with a simple online shopping experience. The service is second to none, the feeling I get as a customer is not quite the same but it does encapsulate most of what I love about the store—and she gets to stay in business. Another tiny example is a chef here in Melbourne unable to open his restaurant in lockdown, set up an online platform to make available restaurant quality produce, and then restaurant meals to customers. This keeps our local food producers and many restaurants in business, and allowed him to continue providing great food as well as (remote) hospitality.
Bigger companies have pivoted quickly too: Pepsico in the US created a new onboarding platform for its staff in less than a week. It responded to urgency, had clear purpose and goals at its centre and the design was described as "scrappy". That is, it wasn't perfect to start with but was fit for purpose, evolving over time with inbuilt feedback loops. Sound familiar? Yep, that's pretty classic human-centred design thinking.
Human-centred design is a perfect fit for the times we are in; volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous. It allows us to respond quickly, guided by real human insight and to be prepared to learn as we do so. It's action oriented.
I love the idea of embracing "scrappy" now. It resonates strongly because of our belief in the power of a low-fi prototype and in the wisdom of those using early prototypes. Putting something "scrappy" into the world also requires humility and vulnerability, feelings we are all experiencing right now. Harnessing those qualities in your work might lead to some surprising results. Adapting to the impacts of Covid 19 also requires innovation, speed and empathy. These are qualities that HCD has in spades! You are probably part of changing something now; and many of the lessons of the past will be of no use. Consider investing in some intentional human-centred design to deliver something "scrappy", which can then evolve into something just right.
"Something scrappy" Oct 02, 2020
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Why don't we embrace the curve? Aug 20, 2020
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Lizzie Borden is best known for her arrest and trial for the 1892 axe murders of her father and stepmother. She was acquitted in 1893.
Born on July 19, 1860, in Fall River, Massachusetts, Lizzie Borden and her sister, Emma, lived with their father, Andrew Borden, and stepmother, Abby (Durfee Gray) Borden, into adulthood. On August 4, 1892, Andrew and Abby Borden were found murdered in their home. Lizzie was arrested and tried for the axe murders. She was acquitted in 1893 and continued to live in Fall River until her death, on June 1, 1927. The case was never solved.
Lizzie Andrew Borden was born on July 19, 1860, in Fall River, Massachusetts, to Sarah and Andrew Borden. Soon thereafter, Sarah Borden died. Andrew Borden remarried three years later, to Abby Durfee Gray. The family lived well. Andrew Borden was successful enough in the fields of manufacturing and real estate development to support his wife and two daughters, Emma and Lizzie, and employ servants to keep their home in order. Both Emma and Lizzie lived with their father and stepmother into adulthood.
The relationship between the Borden sisters and their stepmother, Abby Borden, was not close. They greeted her as "Mrs. Borden" and worried that Abby Borden's family sought to gain access to their father's money. Emma was protective of her younger sister and, together, the two sisters helped to manage the rental properties owned by Andrew Borden. The family attended the Congregationalist Church, an institution in which Lizzie was particularly involved.
On the morning of August 4, 1892, Andrew and Abby Borden were murdered and mutilated in their Fall River home. Lizzie Borden alerted the maid, Bridget, to her father's dead body. He had been attacked and killed while sleeping on the sofa. A search of the home led to the discovery of the body of Abby Borden in an upstairs bedroom. Like her husband, Abby Borden was the victim of a brutal hatchet attack.
Policemen called to the scene suspected Lizzie immediately, although she was not taken into custody at that time. Her sister, Emma, was out of town at the time and was never a suspect. During the week between the murders and her arrest, Lizzie burned a dress that she claimed was stained with paint. Prosecutors would later allege that the dress was stained with blood, and that Lizzie had burned the dress in order to cover up her crime.
Lizzie Borden was indicted on December 2, 1892. Her widely publicized trial began the following June in New Bedford. Borden did not take the stand in her own defense and her inquest testimony was not admitted into evidence. The testimony provided by others proved inconclusive. On June 20, 1893, Lizzie Borden was acquitted of the murders. No one else was ever charged with the crimes.
Lizzie and Emma Borden inherited a significant portion of their father's estate, which allowed them to purchase a new home together. The Borden sisters lived together for the following decade. Although free, Lizzie was considered guilty by many of her neighbors, and thusly never enjoyed acceptance in the community following her trial. Her reputation was further tarnished when she was accused of shoplifting in 1897.
In 1905, Emma Borden abruptly moved out of the house that she shared with her sister. The two never spoke again. Emma may have been uncomfortable with Lizzie's close friendship with another woman, Nance O'Neil, although her silence on the issue has fueled speculation that she learned new details about the murders of her father and stepmother. No member of the household staff ever offered additional information on the rift, even following Lizzie's death.
Lizzie Borden died of pneumonia in Fall River, Massachusetts, on June 1, 1927. Emma Borden died days later in Newmarket, New Hampshire.
Alberto DeSalvo is best known for confessing to be the "Boston Strangler," who killed 13 women in Boston in the early 1960s.
Having been the center of a sensational murder trial, Casey Anthony is best known for her connection to the mysterious 2008 disappearance of her daughter, Caylee.
American college student Amanda Knox was convicted and then acquitted in the murder of her British roommate Meredith Kercher in Italy. Knox's acquittal was overturned in 2013 and she was again convicted of murder in 2014. Her conviction was overturned in 2015.
Former American football star O.J. Simpson was acquitted for the murders of his ex-wife and her friend following a high-profile 1995 criminal trial, dubbed the "Trial of the Century."
Tony Spilotro is best known as a ruthless Chicago mob representative in Las Vegas from the 1970s to the '80s. He was brutally beaten and murdered by other mobsters in 1986.
Maria Mitchell is best known for being the first professional female astronomer in the United States. She discovered a new comet in 1847 that became known as "Miss Mitchell's Comet."
Ma Barker was the matriarch of the Barker-Karpis Gang, whose spree of kidnappings, murderers and bank robberies led to her and its members' violent deaths.
Philip Markoff answered a Craigslist ad for massage services, met a masseuse/former call girl, and killed her, becoming known as the "Craigslist killer."
The matriarch of the Kennedy clan, Rose Kennedy saw three of her sons, Robert, John, and Edward, elected to public office and two of them killed by assassins.


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Condoleezza Rice And H.R. McMaster Plead With Officials To Rescue Orphans In Afghanistan
AFP via Getty Images
Andrew Trunsky Political Reporter
September 01, 2021 10:08 AM ET
Former Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and former National Security Advisor H.R. McMaster are pleading with top American and international officials to rescue orphans from Afghanistan before the Taliban takes them.
The two officials made their case late Tuesday in a letter, Axios reported, sent to first lady Jill Biden, Vice President Kamala Harris, top Democratic and Republican congressional leaders, the secretaries of defense and state, the executive director of UNICEF and the U.N. secretary-general.
"We are extremely concerned that a lack of action on this matter could result in a new generation of individuals committed to waging war against the United States," Rice and McMaster wrote, according to Axios, describing their effort as both a humanitarian issue and an issue of national security.
An Afghan boy walks with a U.S. service member Tuesday in Dulles, Virginia. (Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)
The pair highlighted one orphanage holding up to 200 children from persecuted religious and ethnic groups, saying it was at extremely high risk. Axios did not report the name of the orphanage out of concern for the children's safety. (RELATED: US Special Forces Veterans Are Reportedly Saving Afghan Allies)
"We know young boys are recruited, trained, and abused by the Taliban, and that young girls are forced to become wives to soldiers," the two wrote, according to the outlet. "Historically, the Taliban have used minors as suicide bombers who have inflicted violence against the Afghan people."
"Many families in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe are eager to adopt these children and are currently being vetted by an expedited process," they added. "Private citizens of the United States are willing to fund the flights. These children do not have to face their current fate. With your help, they can be removed and safely placed with loving families who will give them an opportunity to lead a full life, free of violence, abuse, and oppression."
Tags : afghanistan condoleezza rice h r mcmaster taliban
Andrew Trunsky
Follow Andrew on Twitter @atrunsky


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Posted on January 21, 2014 October 18, 2019
Statue: Simon Bolivar, South American Liberator, July 24, 1783 – December 17, 1830
Location: 18th and C Street and Virginia Avenue, NW (Bolivar Park)
Sculptor: Felix W. de Weldon, Washington, D.C.
Dedication: February 28, 1959
Cost to taxpayers: $0
In 1955 a resolution was passed in the Senate authorizing acceptance of a statue to Simon Bolivar, South American liberator, in Washington, D.C., to be presented to the United States by Venezuela as a gesture of friendship. In 1957 the Fine Arts Commission reserved the triangle part at 18th and Virginia Avenue, NW for the statue and a park.
The 8-ton statue was designed by Felix W. de Weldon, a member of the Fine Arts Commission and also the sculptor of the Iwo Jima statue. The model was sent to Brooklyn, NY, for casting, which took 10-weeks, because there are no foundries left in Washington, D.C. The statue measures 24 feet from the base of the tip of the sword and 24 feet from the horse's nose to the tip of the tail. It stands on a Swedish granite pedestal 12 feet high.
The statue was placed on it's pedestal in December 1957, and the original dedication ceremony was scheduled for May 22, 1958, with Vice President Nixon scheduled to preside. However, due to a coup d'etat in Venezuela in January 1958, the ceremony was postponed.
Finally on February 27, 1959, President Eisenhower accepted a 36-foot bronze statue of Simon Bolivar as a symbol of the will of the United States and Venezuela "to live and work together." The dedication came with two weeks after Romulo Betancourt was elected President on February 13, 1959, ending a decade of dictatorship in Venezuela.
The gift from the Venezuelan Government also includes the creation of the newly designated Simon Bolivar Plaza, with landscaping, a marble plaza, pool and six jets of water will shoot 23 feet into the air to represent the six countries liberated by Bolivar.
Other American cities — New York City (Central Park), Bolivar, W. Va., and Bolivar, Mo., and New Orleans — have monuments to the 'Great Liberator'. But the one located in Washington, D.C. is the largest of all equestrian statues in the Western Hemisphere.
Bolivar Statue Voted, The Washington Post and Times Herald, Jun 22, 1955, pg. 18
D.C. Statue to Honor Bolivar, The Washington Post and Times Herald, Nov. 20, 1956, A6
Envoy Presents Bolivar Statue to New Orleans, The Washington Post and Times Herald, Nov. 26, 1957, A2
Statue of Latin Hero to be Unveiled Here, The Washington Post and Times Herald, May 11, 1958, F13
Bolivar Ceremony Here is Put Off, The Washington Post and Times Herald, May 20, 1958, A6
U.S. to Accept Bolivar Statue, The Washington Post and Times Herald, Feb. 20, 1959, pg. B1
Venezuela's Bolivar Statue is Accepted by President, The Washington Post and Times Herald, Feb. 28, 1959, B1


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Call Us: 814-796-4014 Waterford, PA
Fort LeBoeuf Historical Society
Waterford, PA – Our History Helped Build Our Nation!
HISTORICAL CAMPUS
FORT LEBOEUF FORTS
FORT LEBOEUF MUSEUM
EAGLE HOTEL
JUDSON HOUSE
WATERFORD THEN & NOW
ARCHEOLOGY & EXCAVATIONS
Robert Burns Supper
Purse Bingo
FLINT KNAPPERS
WATERFORD DAYS
Fort LeBoeuf Historical Society > AROUND TOWN
The Covered Bridge
About a mile and a half from town, Brotherton's Bridge (also known as the Old Kissing Bridge), one of the three remaining covered bridges in Erie County crosses LeBoeuf Creek.The bridge is a 78 foot long and 15 foot wide Town lattice truss covered bridge. It was built in 1875 by Charles and James Phelps and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 17, 1980. The bridge was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1936.It is the only Town lattice truss bridge in Erie County and one of only nineteen in Pennsylvania.The bridge was designed by Richard Cross using a Town lattice truss. The Town lattice truss was patented by Ithiel Town in 1832 and was used to make bridges with small, light pieces instead of large, heavy pieces that were more expensive to make. The bridge also has "an unusual, blue, metal pipe structure" on the exterior of the bridge's south side supported with a king post framework.This is the only bridge that is painted in Erie County and has a sign hanging on the gable end of the portal saying "Old Kissing Bridge".The bridge is located on Neimeyer Road (Old Wattsburg Road). From Route 19 in Waterford, turn onto East 1st Street. Turn right on East Street. East Street becomes Neimeyer Road. The bridge is located approximately one mile south.
The George Washington Statue
In early 1753, Fort LeBoeuf was built by the French as part of a system of fortifications extending from the St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico designed to help protect French interests in the Ohio Valley. That same year, George Washington, then a Major representing the Governor of Virginia, delivered a letter to the commander of Fort LeBoeuf warning the French to withdraw their forces from this region claimed by Great Britain. Six years later, the French withdrew their forces and burned the fort. The English took possession of the site and built a new fort in 1760, which was subsequently burned in 1763 by Indians during Pontiac's rebellion. Wanting to memorialize Washington's visit, the George Washington Monument was erected in 1922 by the citizens of Waterford, PA at a cost of $13,000. It was situated on the site of the original Fort LeBoeuf, which was in the middle of High Street between the Eagle Hotel and the historic Judson House. The monument was moved in 1945 to the lot beside the Eagle Hotel. What makes this monument unique? This is the only statue of Washington wearing a British uniform in Pennsylvania.
The Waterford Cemetery
The old cemetery at the southwest corner of Second and West streets was the only one in the borough until 1840, when the first part of the present cemetery was laid out by William Benson, Sr., under the auspices of the borough, containing one and a quarter acres. The first burial in the latter was that of a child of Dr. Banning, in December 1840. This section became completely filled up, and more ground being necessary the borough in 1865 deeded the property to the Waterford Cemetery company, who have increased it to eleven acres, at a cost of about $1,000 for the land. A part of the addition was laid out by Judge William Benson in 1865, and the balance by John H. Millar in 1875. The cemetery occupies dry, gravelly ground, on the side of the borough toward the depot, is well laid out, and contains numerous costly monuments.
Within the cemetery, in a full lot appropriated for the purpose by the company, used to lie the bones of Michael Hare, the oldest man who ever lived in Erie County and perhaps in Pennsylvania. Born in Ireland on the 10th of June 1727, and died in Waterford, after a long residence there, on May 3, 1843, at the almost incredible age of one hundred and fifteen years eight months and twenty-two days. Mr. Hare served in the French wars, was present at Braddock's defeat, fought all through the Revolution, and wound up his military career by taking part in St. Clair's expedition against the Western Indians. At St. Clair's defeat, he was left on the field for dead and lost his scalp, which did not seem to cause him much inconvenience in after years. Mr. Hare was one of the first settlers of Wayne Township, from which he moved to Waterford. Besides Mr. Hare, two other Revolutionary soldiers are buried at Waterford — Capt. John Lytle and Neil McKay — and five soldiers of the last war with Great Britain — M. Himrod, H. Colt, James McKay, J. Benson and J. Lenox.
In early 1753, Fort LeBoeuf was built by the French as part of a system of fortifications extending from the St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico designed to help protect French interests in the Ohio Valley. That same year, George Washington, then a Major representing the Governor of Virginia, delivered a letter to the commander of Fort LeBoeuf warning the French to withdraw their forces from this region claimed by Great Britain. Six years later, the French withdrew their forces and burned the fort. The English took possession of the site and built a new fort in 1760, which was subsequently burned in 1763 by Indians during Pontiac's rebellion. Wanting to memorialize Washington's visit, the George Washington Monument was erected in 1922 by the citizens of Waterford, PA at a cost of $13,000. It was situated upon the site of the original Fort LeBoeuf, which was in the middle of High Street between the Eagle Hotel and the historic Judson House. The monument was moved in 1945 to the lot beside the Eagle Hotel. What makes this monument unique? This is the only statue of Washington wearing a British uniform in Pennsylvania.
Other sights around Waterford
Covered Bridge (1875): 86-ft. wood lattice truss bridge built by brothers Charles and James Phelps
Episcopal Church (1832): One of the early baptisms to take place was that of Strong Vincent on December 31, 1837
The church is located at 100 East 3rd Street. This church serves the small community of Waterford with a total population around 1500. If you have the opportunity to visit the sanctuary you will discover the true beauty of the church. St. Peter's is very involved in the community and participates in community-wide events such as the Waterford Days and Colonial Christmas.
Brotherton Inn (late 1700s)
Moved from the corner of 1st and Cherry Streets to where it sits today.
Judge John Vincent House
This house was the birthplace of his grandson, Strong Vincent, who is most known for his bravery at the Battle of Gettysburg.
In 1837, Strong Vincent was born in his grandfather's house, the honorable Judge John Vincent, on the Northwest corner of East 1st and Cherry Street in the Borough of Waterford. The family moved to Erie in 1843. The judge every year always had the whole family return to his home for Christmas. A special Christmas tradition at his home was that all of the grandchildren would find a hundred dollar bill beneath their plates. According to the Vincent's family journal, the children enjoyed playing hide and seek in the house, because at that time the house extended much farther north and all buildings were connected to the house, wood shed, livery and tack rooms, wood shop, and carriage houses, etc. that gave a lot of area's to hide. The house burned down during the late 1990's.
Strong Vincent (June 17, 1837 – July 7, 1863) was a lawyer who became famous as a U.S. Army officer during the fighting on Little Round Top at the American Civil War Battle of Gettysburg, where he was mortally wounded.
Vincent was born in his Grandfather's home in Waterford, Pennsylvania, son of iron foundry-man B. B. Vincent and Sarah Ann Strong Vincent. His early education was obtained in the academy at Erie, where he spent two years in his father's iron foundry, before attending Trinity College and Harvard University, graduating in 1859. While attending Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut, He met and courted the young lady who would become his wife. Expelled for beating up a man who impugned his lady's honor, Vincent enrolled at Harvard. He practiced law in Erie, Pennsylvania.
At the start of the Civil War, Vincent joined the Pennsylvania Militia as an adjutant and first lieutenant of the Erie Regiment. On September 14, 1861, he was commissioned lieutenant colonel of the 83rd Pennsylvania Infantry and was promoted to colonel the following June. After the death of his regimental commander in the Seven Days Battles (at the Battle of Gaines's Mill), Vincent assumed command of the regiment. He developed malaria on the Virginia Peninsula and was on medical leave until the Battle of Fredericksburg in December 1862. On May 20, 1863, he assumed command of the 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, V Corps, Army of the Potomac, replacing his brigade commander, who was killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville.
At the Battle of Gettysburg, 26-year-old Vincent and his brigade arrived on July 2, 1863. He had started the Gettysburg Campaign knowing that his young wife, Elizabeth H. Carter, whom he had married on the day he enlisted in the army, was pregnant with their first child. He had written her, "If I fall, remember you have given your husband to the most righteous cause that ever widowed a woman."
Strong Vincent is buried in the Erie Cemetery and is memorialized in Erie by a statue erected in 1997 at Blasco Memorial Library and in the naming of Strong Vincent High School.
Waterford Masonic Building (1840s)
Civil War Recruitment Building (c. 1823)
Built in 1823, it was the recruitment center for the Pennsylvania 83rd regiment, Company E, during the Civil War.
The building, though historical in its significance, is not listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Erie County. Owned and maintained by a private owner, under the cover of darkness on a Monday morning on Labor Day in 2014 the owner removed and threw away all the architectural wood trim and ornamentation that defined the building's period, then proceeded to cover the building entirely with vinyl siding, creating a modern facade.
During the civil war Waterford was the designated recruitment center for the surrounding area. The recruitment building, located on the east side of High Street between South park and East Second Streets was home to the Pennsylvania 83rd regiment, commonly called the 83rd Pennsylvania.
The 83rd Pennsylvania was a volunteer infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. They participated in almost every major battle in the East, including Seven Days Battles, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Petersburg and the Surrender. They alongside the 20th Maine, 44th New York and the 16th Michigan fought in the spirited defense of Little Round Top in which former regiment commander Colonel Strong Vincent, native of Waterford, was mortally wounded. The 83rd Pennsylvania suffered the second-highest number of battle deaths among Union Army infantry regiments during the war, behind only the 5th New Hampshire.
The regiment was mustered into United States service on September 8, 1861, then Mustered out June 28, 1865 after the war. During the war the Regiment lost during service 11 Officers and 271 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 2 Officers and 151 Enlisted men by disease. Total 435.
Burial Site of Old Frank, Civil War Horse
Civil War was devastating to the Waterford area. The 83rd (Company E) and 111th Regiments seemingly were always in the front of the action. Officers and men fell – 53% of the total enlisted men were casualties. In 1865, they were mustered out, finally able to return home. Colonel W. O. Colt returned and brought his Southern captive with him – Frank, a dapple – gray war horse.
Col. Colt and Frank were common sights around town. Frank had the run of the town, visiting lawns and gardens, where he selected only the best. Not everyone was pleased, but no magistrate would stop the practice. Even after twenty years, the War was still closely remembered.
On July 4, 1887, the community drew together to celebrate Independence Day. Col. Colt led the parade riding Old Frank. Someone fired a cannon. Frank fell to his knees, quivered for a few seconds, and fell over – dead. The trauma and memories had overcome him.
Many in town though he needed a proper burial, with military and religious overtures. The outraged parochial leaders were against it, but they could not stop the proceedings. A grave was dug in the park, behind third base. The local four piece brass band played, "Nearer My God to Thee" before an army chaplain read a eulogy. Frank was lowered into the grave, standing upright, with a sword strapped to his old army saddle and dozens of citizens filed past and dropped flowers into his final resting place.
Teary eyes and some sobs were common as the bugler played "Taps." They buried more than a horse in Waterford that day.
The Waterford Hotel (1858)
Originally built as a private residence, it has been a hotel since the early 1900s.
It is said that the honorable Samuel Hutchins built what is now the Waterford Hotel at 213 High Street, Waterford, PA in the 1840's as a private home. Samuel Hutchins was born in Vermont in 1787 and died in Waterford on February 8, 1868 at the age of 81. Samuel married, wife Sophia 1802-1851. They were laid to rest in the Waterford Cemetery.
From 1819 – 1820 Mr. Hutchins was the Waterford Post Master. He was also a store merchant in partnership with Amos Judson of Waterford from 1824 – 1847. They first ran a dry goods store on East 1st street between Cherry and Chestnut Streets. In the early 1830's they had the three story brick building built on the northwest corner of West 1st and High Streets. The last business in that building was Joe's Auto Parts, which is no longer there. In 1833 Samuel Hutchins held the office "Overseer of the Poor" in Waterford. He was a State Assembly-man from 1838 – 1839 and an Erie County Associate Judge from 1856 – 1861.
In the 1850 Erie County census, Samuel Hutchins was living in Waterford on the corner of East South Park Row and High Streets. Sixteen people were living on his property.
In the 1860 Erie County census, Samuel Hutchins was 73. The 2 other people living in his residence were Lucinda and Sophia (Samuel's youngest daughter). Sophia later moved to Erie and married W.C. White in 1861. Samuel's son Clinton and his wife lived in the house until their deaths. It was sold at a sheriff 's sale in 1901 for $5,000.00 to a John and Eloise Phelps who made it into the Waterford Hotel. On November 5, 1903 it was sold to John and Margaret Henry. The Henrys' daughter Evangline "Eva" Henry (1884-1971) married Waterford dentist, Dr. Raleigh Barnes (1884-1954) in the Hotel and it was said her veil flowed down the length of the front staircase. It was a such a fabulous wedding that it was talked about for a long time in Waterford.
The house/hotel was vacant for a few years in the 1890's. I read when Dr. Theodore Barton's big Victorian house at 29 South Park Row burned, Dr. Barton lived in the vacant house/ hotel for a short time. Someone told me a Blystone family lived in it a while as well. Blystone and Harrison Phelps Gillette were the names on the sheriff sale as "trustees" for the property, possibly because they were on the Waterford town council. Since the 1900's it has had several owners and names, including the Camp Inn, the Green Goose Inn and the Lincoln Hotel. I went to the Erie County Courthouse and traced the owners from current back to the 1901 Sheriff 's Sale. The "Wishart Papers" in the Waterford Library tell about the Hutchins family living in the house/hotel. The 1865 map census shows the Hutchins lived on the property as well.
Lake LeBoeuf and Porter Park
The lake was formed by the receding Wisconsin Glacier during the last ice age. It is 0.66 mile long by 0.5 mile wide.
Site of Philadelphia & Erie Railroad Station (1856)
Built one mile outside of town to appease residents who were leery of the noise the trains would cause
Hovis Blacksmith Shop
Operated by three generations from 1858 to 1920.
Old Waterford Academy School (1822)
We humans have great memories – we even remember thing that never happened! With time, uncomfortable events become romanticized and very real to us. Remember Grandma saying she walked four miles to school and back, how deep the snow was, how cold winters were, how mean the teachers were (at least to the boys), how you "really had to learn your lessons and not like now?" Most of these memories are rather pleasant nostalgia that add spice but not accuracy to the past. Central heating, insulated clothing, in-door plumbing, and warm school busses may have robbed the kids of today, cherished stories for their future grandchildren. But consider this; In 1884, there were 17 one room school houses in Waterford Township and one two roomer; in LeBoeuf, there were 12 school houses; in Summit there were nine. The Boards had done a good job distributing these schools geographically to the benefit of the children. Not many pupils walked four miles to an elementary school, in fact, not one!
The trustees hired Peter Ford of LeBoeuf Township to dig a well twenty-two feet deep and stone it. In the same year, 1821, the basement was dug for the building. The outside dimensions were 36′ by 48′. A quarry on Oak Hill, about five miles away toward Union City was opened, where sandstone was obtained. That fall and winter the stone was blasted, cut, and hauled on sleds and wagons to the building site. Though no records seem available today to prove the point, it is generally agreed that Thomas King and the two Scotsmen that built the Eagle Hotel, (both buildings were erected in the same years), also built the Academy. The work on the two buildings, experts agreed, was quite similar.
The Academy was built of sandstone. The basement was 7 feet high, 4 feet of which were above ground level. On this foundation set two levels of floors for classes and study. A striking cupola graced the roof. In all, it was as graceful a building as could be found anywhere west of the mountains. It was the first of its kind on the frontier. When the building was demolished in 1955, one hundred thirty years later, the windows and doors were still level and plumb.
In 1826, the Academy was ready to open. The first teacher was hired – he doubled as its first Principal. His name was John Wood; he was an English Civil Engineer, who worked for "the rate of $108.00 every 12 weeks." There were twenty pupils. By 1829, an extra teacher was added to teach the forty students enrolled. By 1838, there were ninety pupils and they looked for and hired a teacher capable of "giving instruction in the Greek and Roman classics, mathematics, and the English Language." Though a private academy, it was accepted as a public pride.
The Waterford Academy Directors were concerned that the public academy at Edinboro was showing great growth and in 1857 was poised to be a public college, as well as an academy. In March of 1858, they had an architect determine if an addition could be added to increase their classroom capacity. It could. Remove the stone outer wall of the east side from the second floor to the roof. Extend the upper floor outward for 20 feet. Make one very large assembly or recitation room, and divide the first floor area into two laboratory rooms. The work was begun at once and was complete for usage the next year. The measurements were 20′ by 34′, with a full basement. It provided much needed space.
As a public high school, Waterford began to change its curriculum to be "more in the times." By 1901, they developed a program of study that included Agriculture, which combined class and field work. They had help and encouragement from Penn State. Waterford was the first "Agricultural" High School in America! In 1980, working with Waterford, Penn State developed a syllabus for teaching of Vocational Agriculture in schools, and in 1911, the State required the teaching of Ag in all rural areas.
In 1917, the Smith-Hughes Vocational Education Act provided federal funds to states to implement Vocational and Agricultural education. It also provided money for Home Economics to be taught. Waterford seized the opportunity and for approximately seventy years, these two programs were strong in the school. These graduates developed the skills to exert themselves in farming, home making, the allied industries, but also the professions. Many engineers, doctors, nurses, teachers, and others received the necessary "push" from these fine programs. Later, commercial subjects were supported by the federal government, which opened many jobs in the business world.
The need for an indoor athletic facility, as well as an assembly area was answered in 1931 by an addition, on the south side of the Old Academy. Bad concerts, plays, skits, "pep meetings," town meetings, movies, and of course basketball games kept the place humming. Again, however, by the end of the war, increased enrollment and expectations mandated new facilities.
By the early 1950's, Waterford Borough and Waterford Township were well established and comfortable with the political arrangement for directing the school. The State began pushing for better methods of consolidation. LeBoeuf and Mill Village had a good elementary tradition but were unsettled for post-elementary education. There were many who had questioned the need for a closer union with other districts for high school. Others realized the cultural heritage with the Waterford Area. When the LeBoeuf Board moved toward a jointure with Waterford to build a new high school at $900,000, some of the citizens entered into a law suit to stop the process. The year was 1952.
To still the dissent and also get community support for the necessity of moving forward on the path the State had provided, an informational meeting was held on February 12, 1952, at he high school auditorium. No better example of democracy in action can be found than on that night.
Mr. E. L. Heard, President of the Joint Board of twenty members presided. He gave an overview of the problem and the course of the night. He followed questions and comments, yet kept order and civility. Mr. Lee Port, a gentleman farmer and member of the LeBoeuf Board, explained three problems:
1. Increased LeBoeuf school enrollment.
2. Lack of any other high school desiring their students.
3. A problem of non-reimbursed tuition costs if not members.(His conclusion–Best to be part of the jointure.)
Mr. M. E. Kolpein, the County Superintendent of Education, explained how the State would reimburse the districts if the jointure went forward. LeBoeuf and Mill Village would benefit more than enough to pay their rental obligations.
Mr. Willis McGinnett explained Mill Village's position:
1. Need for a voice in policy at high school level.
2. Advantages of larger attendance and administrative unit.
3. Members of the individual Boards had assured Mill Village they would never lose their elementary school.
The meeting was concluded. It produced nearly complete agreement to go forward. Woe be to anyone who might forget Mr. McGinnett's third point.
The legal case against Le Boeuf School Directors was dropped. When the building was torn down in 1955, the windows and doors were still plumb.
Site of the Park House/Opera House (1882)
Once stretching the entire block, the Park Opera House hosted many lavish parties. It also operated its own horse-drawn taxi service which transported visitors from the train station to town.
The Park House was located on High Street between North Park Row and West 4th Street where the Atlantic Gas station stood and the Stancliff House Company now stands. Although I cannot find out why it was torn down in 1922, I believe it was because it was gutted by fire.
It was a hotel with a dining room and a livery. In 1910 it was operated by Cap Maurer. Cap later had the Gulf Gas Station that was located between 6th and 7th Streets on High Street.
The Park house was owned by the Stancliff's. They bought the first fire truck for Waterford, hence, the Stancliff Hose Company. They also built the house on the corner of 5th and Cherry Streets. The elevator in the house was built because Mrs. Stancliff was handicapped.
The High Street Block from West 1st Street to West 2nd Street burnt twice during the 19th century, March 1865 and March 1895
Historically, March has not been a good month for Waterford. Two devastating fires nearly destroyed the town back in the 1800's. On March 5, 1865, (just about six weeks before President Lincoln's assassination, to put it in perspective), fire erupted in one of the stores on the west side of High Street. It consumed almost all the buildings between 1st and 2nd Streets. The cause of the fire has been lost in the depths of antiquity.
Of course, the buildings that were lost were replace with wooden-frame buildings, the same as their predecessors.
Almost 30 years later in the wee hours of the morning of March 3, 1895, fire broke out again in the same area.
The fire originated when someone in preparing a coal stove for the night, carelessly discarded some hot ashes. Within a few hours, the ashes ignited the building.
The fire spread in both directions and jumped 2nd Alley. In a few hours, all of the buildings between 1st and 2nd Streets were burned to the ground!
The fire was fought largely by bucket-brigade.
Beginning at 1st Street, the businesses lost were:
Ensworth Hardware
Benson's Bank
Cook's Shoe Store
Phelps' Meat Market (Where the fire started.)
Nickles & McClure Feed Store
Hull's Grocery
(2nd Alley)
Judson Millinery
Phillips' Barber Shop
Johnson Jewelry
Benson Meat Market
Whitney Grocery
Ward's Millinery
Patten's Grocery
That is a total of 14 stores that were reduced to ashes, and the dollar-loss was placed at $50,000! Miraculously, there was no loss of life nor serious injury.
On March 11, the town council passed an ordinance prohibiting wooden buildings in the business district.
The first store rebuilt opened in April, and what seems to me most amazing, the rest of the buildings were up and running by mid-November! They are the stores we see in Waterford today.
Site of Salt Warehouses
In early 1800s several warehouses were built along the inlet and outlet of Lake LeBoeuf. Salt was shipped to Pittsburgh on flat boats or keel boats, while goods for domestic use or the 1812 wartime effort were shipped from Pittsburgh to Waterford. Site of War of 1812 Munitions Arsenal.
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text:
Harnaam Kaur (born 29 November 1990) is a British social media personality, postpartum coach, life coach and motivational speaker.

Early life
Kaur was born in Slough on 29 November 1990 in what she describes as "a traditional Punjabi family". At the age of 12, Kaur was diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is due to elevated androgens (male hormones) in females. One of the symptoms of PCOS is hirsutism, or the ability to grow excessive facial and body hair. Kaur is able to grow a full beard as a result of her condition. While Kaur initially attempted to remove her facial hair due to constant bullying, she has grown to embrace her unconventional appearance and has become a spokesperson for the body positivity movement. In an interview with Rock N Roll Bride, Kaur reflects on her decision to keep her beard: "I decided to keep my beard and step forward against society's expectations of what a woman should look like. Today I am not suicidal and I do not self-harm. Today I am happy living as a young beautiful bearded woman. I have realised that this body is mine, I own it, I do not have any other body to live in so I may as well love it unconditionally."

Career
Kaur worked as a primary school teaching assistant at Khalsa Primary School before coming to media attention in 2014, when she started giving public interviews. After achieving notoriety, Kaur became a full-time public figure and freelance model and motivational speaker.

In March 2015, photographer Mr. Elbank included a photo of Kaur in his exhibit at Somerset House in London, which featured portraits of over 80 individuals with beards. In June 2015, Kaur modeled for Rock N Roll Bride and was photographed by Louisa Coulthurst of Urban Bridesmaid Photography. In November 2015, Kaur joined the "Eff Your Beauty Standards" campaign founded by Tess Holliday as a spokesperson and representative.

In March 2016, Kaur became the first woman with a beard to walk at London Fashion Week. She opened the show for designer Marianna Harutunian. She is signed to Wanted Models in Paris and continues to be featured in fashion spreads in both online and print magazines. In May 2016, the conceptual artist Annelies Hofmeyr featured Kaur in her project Trophy Wife Barbie, where Hofmeyr altered a Barbie doll to Kaur's likeness.

In July 2016, musician Aisha Mizra featured Kaur in the music video for her song "Fuck Me or Destroy Me".

In September 2016, Kaur was included in the Guinness World Records as the youngest woman in the world to have a full beard. Her record citation read: "Now with a beard measuring as long as six inches [15 cm] in places, she overcame years of bullying to take ownership of her appearance and achieve this record title at the age of 24 years 282 days".

In March 2017, Kaur was featured in the Teen Vogue article "Instagrammers Challenge Body and Facial Hair Stigma".

In August 2017, Kaur collaborated with the grooming company Captain Fawcett to create and design a beard oil elixir. Kaur models in the advertisement campaign for the beard oil.

Activism
In interviews and on social media, Kaur references the abuse and harassment she received as a teenager that led to her self-harm and attempted suicide. In 2017, Kaur contributed to panel discussions in the House of Parliament on topics relating to mental health, body image, cyberbullying, LGBTQIA+ and how social media, businesses, schools and the government can help with the development of positive body images.

Kaur uses her profiles on Instagram, Twitter, Facebook and YouTube to contribute to numerous body-positive campaigns. She frequently posts content to promote awareness of body shaming, cyberbullying and mental illness. Kaur also aims to challenge gender stereotypes in media. She has said, "I don't think I believe in gender. I want to know who said a vagina is for a woman and a penis is for a man, or pink is for a girl and blue is for a boy. I am sitting here with a vagina and boobs – and a big beautiful beard."

Personal life
While Kaur has referenced her conversion to Sikhism at age 16 as one of the reasons she stopped removing her facial hair, she now describes herself as spiritual rather than religious. Traditionally, Sikhism forbids the cutting of hair. She continues to wear her turban or other head coverings, which is a custom of the Khalsa tradition of Sikhism.

Kaur is originally from Slough, England. Her younger brother, Gurdeep Singh Cheema, created the film Happy Ending? The Dangers of Online Grooming to bring awareness to the issue of online child grooming by predators.

To promote self-love and acceptance, Kaur has stated that she has named her beard Sundri, which means beauty or beautiful, and refers to her beard as "she".

See also
 Polycystic ovary syndrome
 Hirsutism
 Fat feminism

References

1990 births
Living people
Bearded women
British female models
People from Slough
British people of Sindhi descent


text:
Bios and Backgrounds
I've been challenged to discuss my "real" biography-- the actual Karl Wenclas outside the known, somewhat simplified version. An incautious request, certainly, when addressing a known talkaholic/ alleged egomaniac such as myself.
Anyway, I was thinking about the matter last night. I did a little self-examination. What I've concluded is that we're all constructs to some extent. (What songwriter said "Part fact, part fiction; a walking contradiction"?) Sometimes we're contradictions because we're our fathers and mothers both-- often those are two very different personalities, as in my case.
I've realized I'm a product of my parents. I am them. I can't be understood without knowing about them. But then we need the background to the background, plus other influences. In my case, Detroit. In my parents case, Catholicism, and more their Polish heritage. Which opens up more contradictions, because like many countries, Poland has been a contradiction, a strange mix of high and low.
There wasn't a Poland for a few centuries, so that "Poland" was a realm of the imagination. And then, which Poland? Austrian Poland? German Poland? Russian or Ukrainian Poland? Then there are the smaller tribes within the Polish identity, such as the Kashubians. It's all a mess. Even the Polish racial identity can be questioned, as one sees a mix of types. The red-haired German-looking Pole (my father), or the dark Asiatic cast Tartar (my mother). Those mixes of course are inside me. Thinking about it, I was programmed more by my mother, who was very much a striver. Oh, very much, and wanted to live her ambitions through her children, and as she told us many times, we failed her.
This is a subject likely of interest only to myself and my siblings, who anyway would disagree with everything I say. I may expand on it anyway in the comments to this post, along with a discussion of other things.
King Wenclas said...
Over the course of several centuries, revolution was bred into the Polish personality. (The only ethnic group comparable is the Irish.) During the course of domination by a Czar, Kaiser, or Emperor, the Poles were in constant rebellion.
A look at 1939 is revealing. Poland was threatened by the might Nazi war machine-- yet refused to negotiate with Hitler's demands, and also refused alliance with their gigantic neighbor on the other side, which was led by another crazy dictator.
When Hitler invaded, the Poles actually thought they could hold out long enough until the hapless and cowardly French and Chamberlian-led Brits could come to their aid. They fought valiantly, even tho at times it was horse cavalry against tanks. (Classicly quixotic.)
They ended up invaded on two sides by two gigantic war machines.
It's no accident that during the war, the strongest resistance to the Germans was in Poland, by far-- or that the first country to throw out the Communists in the 1980's was Poland. The nation is fiercely, willfully independent.
This independence comes before all else.
(To be continued.)
I'm going to take a brief pause from my narrative in order to discuss the question of background.
When leading the ULA, did I harp too much on the opposing team's background?
Likely. Though there's no doubt that we live in a very elitist, hierarchical society. This is easily proven. One need only look at the fact that every President since 1988 was a graduate of Harvard or Yale.
I note that Ms. Kagan, Supreme Court nominee, has a slightly different resume. She attended Oxford as well as Harvard and Yale.
Oh, I know, officially these things don't matter. No, they don't matter at all! Not a whit.
Yet the Not-Harlands of lit, even though such places and degrees don't matter, sure make certain they're in attendanceat such irrelevant places, receiving those unimportant pieces of paper which have no significance whatsoever.
(Please follow what the magician tells you and not what he's placed into the hat.)
Anyway, background.
Should anyone be surprised that, when reviewing corruption in literature, I brought up the uncomfortable subject of background?
Sorry, but I believe in using anything at hand-- every tool or weapon available.
I was in a set-to once five or six years ago with a ULA poet.
(The ULA spent way more time fighting-- often physically-- among ourselves than with panicky preppy outsiders.)
The guy jabbed his finger or something in my face, which triggered a response. He was surprised that during the fracas I threw a chair at him, and I didn't throw it gently. If others hadn't got between us I might've hit him with other things-- anything available. In life there's no halfway-- a message I could never get through to ULAers. When you start a fight, as the ULA did, you can't hesitate. (Or as Napoleon said, if you move against Vienna, take Vienna.)
(Incidentally, me and the very same poet on another occasion were thrown out of one of Philly's most noted bars when he challenged everyone in the place to fight and I added my own voice to the occasion. A tumultuous evening. Life with street poets.)
But: moderation. We have an example of another underground organization founded by moderate/Tory ULAers. They're very civil and polite and don't make any waves and nobody knows about them and they're not going anyplace.
Background isn't all-important, but neither should the subject be pushed to the side-- not in a society like this one which is so class stratified. Often those decrying background are the same people who've drawn on their own backgrounds for every available benefit and edge. (As in the case of Mr. Not-Harland.) They don't hesitate to pick up metaphorical bottles or chairs. Their cry: "Don't watch what I'm doing!"
At a time when we've seen Wall Street bankers literally loot the treasury, such a stance of see-no-evil is badly out of date.
With Not-Harland, the problem isn't his background. It's his CHARACTER, or lack thereof. One can look at his background to see how that created him, in the same way I'm examining my own background on this thread to see how it created me.
Both my parents were from large immigrant families. Large, in like twelve children apiece (according to my oldest sister). Hard to know exactly because a few children died.
My mother grew up in and around Philadelphia, in a rigidly Roman Catholic house ruled by an authoritarian father. Since he had many beautiful and wild daughters, he had much to be authoritarian about. (One of his daughters was given at a young age to the church, to become a nun, a common practice back then.)
My mother bailed out after high school and took a bus to Detroit. She changed her last name to York, from an unreadable, unprounceable appellation, in order to get a job as a secretary in the offices at one of the auto companies. She was intelligent and quick-witted and passed herself off as more than she was, according to her working for an important WASP boss who, believe it or not, lived in Grosse Pointe, home of the local gentry. She forever had a love/hate relationship with the place and what it represented.
My father grew up in an anarchic and very poor household with, by all accounts, no parental authority whatsoever. When I knew him, ages afterward, he implied he wasn't Polish, but maybe half-German, or Czech, or Kashub, and he may not have known himself, but he knew a few phrases of Polish, enough to pass for my mother's family. He dropped out of school in the sixth grade without having learned to read or write; was a hobo; worked in a low rent circus; boxed; among other typical Ameican life in those days.
In sales, one is concerned with closing. making the sale. My father made one sale in his life, and that was in selling my mother on himself. As she told it, with a borrowed suit and a borrowed car, with a line to go with them. She was anxious to permanently detach herself from her pop, and so married my dad shortly after they met. He was a great guy, but I suspect always something of an embarassment to her. Under her influence he got a steady job in an auto plant. She taught him to read and write, as she later taught her two sons.
(She taught us to read. He taught us how to box. The only reading material he bought were copies of Popular Mechanics and boxing magazines. Even by the time I came around, his reading ability was sketchy. No sarcastic remarks, please.)
BECAUSE he was in love with my mother, my father consigned himself to work for the rest of his life, more or less, in industrial factories. Hellish places, believe me. When I was a kid they had an open house one time at my father's plant. It was like sending a message: "Don't end up here!" I realized more when I was eighteen and went to work in such a place.
I realize, thinking about influences, that it's a gigantic subject. There's my family history, all the background from before I was born. (My oldest sister is 17 years older than I am.) The relationship between my two parents. The dominating institutions in our lives, like the Union-- the one topic on which both parents were unreservedly in agreement about; talking about Walter Reuther with reverence reserved for no one else-- no politician certainly, not even FDR or Kennedy. Which begs the question why that was. (My father had been in sitdown strikes; labor wars.)
The Church, which my mother had a love/hate attitude toward. I'll have to get into that.
Being born during the Golden Age of America. Historians like Eric Hobsbawm call the post-WWII era an economic golden age. For the working class, until the mid-70's, it was. Everything since has been downhill.
Most important, Detroit, the make-up of Detroit. Which includes for me the tiny and fairly ridiculous post-WWII community of Harper Woods, and the Grosse Pointes, which during the time I was growing up dominated everyone's imagination (everyone outside the Grosse Pointes), like Gatsby's green light. Particularly my mother's imagination, she a frustrated person who read too many movie magazines in her life.
The thing to do on Sundays-- not just for our family-- was to drive through Grosse Pointe marvelling at the houses, climaxed by a swing down Lake Shore Drive, where the largest mansions were placed. (Most now gone, I'm told; many other homes vacant, unable to be sold.)
To know Detroit one has to know what it was; a dense population of various groups jammed in there for one purpose. One has to know what an auto plant is-- a raging inferno. One has to see the city as an inferno filled with infernos. One has to know the history of racial wars-- the 1943 and 1967 riots in particular. One has to understand the sense of territoriality, particularly for those who felt caught between the spreading black population on one side, and the barriers of Grosse Pointe on the other. The history includes the transformation of Detroit proper from a majority white town to a 90% black one, which happened in the course of a relatively few years. The history of white flight, which began after WWII and accelerated after 1967. My family ended up in Harper Woods. Take a look at a map of the Detroit area and locate Harper Woods on it. It was a postwar creation, once empty farmland that became a place to jam tiny houses upon, during the population boom. My mother was shrewd enough to understand the nature of America, to know the importance of pedigree-- where you're from; she maybe saw, regarding Detroit, the handwriting on the wall, which reached a culmination a year or so ago. That a part of Harper Woods belonged to the Grosse Pointe school system fit into her goals regarding her children.
I'm getting way ahead of the narrative, but it's the crucial point. She wanted her kids to be Grosse Pointers. She wanted her daughters to marry Grosse Pointers. (They didn't.) She wanted her sons to be Gatz/Gatsby types, not understanding their insuitability for the role.
(If I could've played that card, I would have.) We were her sons but we were also our father's sons.
Understand the attitude toward Grosse Pointers by everyone. Harper Woods became filled with a mass Irish Polish Italian Catholic white ethnics, for whom Grosse Pointers (read: WASP) were as alien as the encroaching onrushing blacks. Ethnic/class identity was crucial. "Class" informed everyone's imagination. And I'll tell you, we hated Grosse Pointe. Even my mother, who dreamed about it so much, hated it-- or she hated WASPs, which undercut her message to us; and misprogrammed us to not be able to carry out what she wanted. (For myself, my brother, and our friends, going to a Grosse Pointe school was disastrous. I can't put it anymore mildly or plainly than that.)
There's too much to address on this thread, so I may try to spread it out over other threads, taking one topic ("The Church") at a time.
Know this: it's impossible to understand America without understanding class. If you don't know that, then you're not even trying to understand the society in which you live. Detroit after all has been a microcosm of the larger society.
Novelists of the past understood this. Fitzgerald, certainly. The theme of class permeates "Gatsby" and his most famous stories-- and the guy had less to be concerned about than some of us. Frank Norris addressed America's divides in "The Octopus," t he greatest American novel, in my opinion.
Cozzens tried to understand the nature of America, which is the nature of systems, of enormous technological complexity; the mass use of resources, and the overarching bureaucracies controlling the movement of men and material.
One day spent in an auto plant is an education in this regard. The size, complexity, and inhumanity is mindboggling.
Most novelists in recent years don't even attempt to credibly address a larger view. Right now I'm reading Solzhenitsyn, who had a large enough brain to take a large view of his own world. (In the Tolstoyian tradition.)
All for now!
Where Are the Pop Writers?
Being Subversive
Three Question Challenge #7
The Hard Thing
What Is Avant-Garde?
Another Pop Story!
Primary Preview
Bureaucracy versus Art
Phoniness of the Apparatchiks
Literary Theater
Was I Too Tough?


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A Trumpet and an Entertainer
October 7, 2015 ~ cmitchell312
I finally wrote another blog post for the museum. I haven't been writing much anywhere these days. Hopefully, that'll change soon, but for now, I'll stick with reading, growing a baby and running after a toddler. Not exactly in that order.
W.C. Handy is one of the most recognizable names in Memphis music. Handy was born in 1873 in Florence, Alabama, to freed slaves. He was a literate man who wrote down the songs of black workers, which formed the basis of the blues. Handy moved to Memphis in 1903 and kept an office on Beale Street. In 1909, E.H. Crump hired Handy to play music as part of his mayoral campaign. He wrote "Boss Crump," which he later renamed "Memphis Blues," that became the campaign's theme song. He moved to New York City in 1917 and worked there until he passed away in March 1958 at age 84.
In September 1958, Memphis hosted a "Blues of Glory" show at Crump Stadium to honor Handy and raise money for a memorial statue to be placed in Handy Park on Beale Street. One of the night's special performers was gospel singer Mahalia…
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