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33 ways to become a Haligonian
Cook-Off Challenge
Halifax Jazz Festival 2015
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Over its 29-year history, the Halifax Jazz Festival has channelled the spirit of jazz to be a little free-form and improvisational about what, exactly, precisely, qualifies to be on the fest's stage. Beret-wearing purists might scoff, but the rest of us will simply enjoy as the festival turns the city into a musical paradise.
tUnE-yArDs w/Moon Hooch
Thursday, July 9, 8:30pm, Main Stage
As someone who's built a pop career based on experimentation, tUnE-yArDs' Merrill Garbus knows a thing or two about improvising. Currently based in Oakland, California, Garbus started tUnE-yArDs as a solo project when she was living in Montreal, drawing in audiences with bizarre rhythms, weird costumes and animated vocals.
Though she isn't formally trained in jazz, Garbus tries to bring in many of the principles of jazz in her music as tUnE-yArDs, as well as tapping into a network of musicians playing in jazz and avant-garde scenes via her bandmate, Nate Brenner, and other collaborators. She says improvisation "is always part of what I love to bring into a show and rely on. Part of our show is a real reverance for improvisation and that quality of listening to yourself as you're playing, listening to where the song can go, to where the melody can go."
Garbus has become known for pushing the boundaries of the standard live pop gig, experimenting with looping, vocals, costumes and exaggerated theatrics on stage. She draws on a range of influences, from pop to folk to afrobeat, to Haitian music on her last album to atmospheric field recordings. And while jazz has traditionally revelled in experimentation, the structures of pop music don't bend easily to deviations.
"Any elements that are improvisable—we really try to push those as much as we can. In a pop context it can be kind of tricky to figure out where those places are, partially because it's so prescribed—the song forms, and even the set times," Garbus says. "But we've been trying to put more improvisation into this particular set."
Garbus and Brenner are interested in playing with bass lines and the "wrong chord"—out of key. "So a song like 'Water Fountain,' even though it's kind of deceptively simple from the outset, there's a lot going on in the bassline that kind of turns the harmonic structure of the song upside down," she says.
"Water Fountain," off the band's latest album, Nikki Nack, has a deeper mission too: it kick-started a fund that Garbus began last year, supporting charities dealing with water. Currently, it supports a charity aiding Haiti, one working with cleanup of the Gulf Coast and a community organization in California, where Garbus was inspired to start the fund in the first place, recording the second tUnE-yArDs album during a drought.
"People talk about the California drought a lot, but people don't talk about the fact that there are already a million people who don't have tap water." Garbus wants to work against misinformation and help charities develop long-term solutions. To that end, $1 from every ticket sold is now donated to the fund. —Laura Kenins
PRE-BOP
The Prohibition
Free Concert: Karen Robertson Trio, Ced Marty & Dave, Khari McClelland and The Prohibition
Sunday, July 12, 1pm, Hydrostone Park
The Prohibition may be over, but its songs live on—with a little twist—in this four-piece Halifax group. They recreate the music of the era—Hoagy Carmichael, Irving Berlin, George Gershwin, Cole Porter and more—in instrumental form—with the horn and piano parts played on lap steel. "That era of songs, the craftsmanship, the structure, the harmonic content, is just so interesting to explore," says guitarist Phil Sedore, who finds it especially interesting after a career playing rock and roll.
The band formed two years ago, although the members have been playing together since the mid-'90s. Their speciality is "things that at one time sounded so hokey that people wouldn't listen to them," says bassist Lukas Pearse. The band tries to stick to music from before 1933, "occasionally 1938," hot jazz, ragtime and other songs of "pre bop" jazz.
Jazz of this era has similarities to the singer-songwriter structures of pop music, the band (which also includes drummer Crad Price and guitarist Lou Duggan) notes. "This early jazz has more in common with playing songs, as opposed to later jazz, which is more like playing classical music in a way," says Pearse. "This era has this interesting thing where the people who wrote the songs were probably not ever the people who made them famous, aside from Duke
Ellington."
"We thought about it as background music, but it turns out it's actually a little more raucous than that," says Price.
"It's pretty universal—five-year-olds to grandmothers can enjoy it," Sedore says. —LK
Click here for the full Jazz Fest line up!
Deva Mahal
Late Night Jazz: Deva Mahal
Saturday, July 11, 11:30pm,
The Company House
If the raging antics of Budos Band are too much for your Saturday night, you might prefer heading to The Company House, where Deva Mahal is inviting Halifax for an intimate session of stripped-down soul and blues music as part of Jazz Fest's late-night series. Mahal describes it as a "singer-songwriter soul vibe, with a bit of blues and R&B."
Mahal's voice is rich with nuance, at times revealing a stark vulnerability, at others a confident swagger. The sparse arrangements on Saturday night—it's just her and guitarist Yasser Tejada—will leave plenty of room for the songs to breathe.
"It's going to be really vibey, really intimate, really exposed emotionally," says Mahal. "I want to focus on creating an intimate space and sharing that with the audience."
Mahal is the daughter of blues legend Taj Mahal, and her music reflects those roots. "I come from a house of rhythm and blues," she says, "so that is innately ingrained in my fibers."
But Mahal is not simply the product of a famous father. "I'm actually more influenced by women than men," she says, citing powerhouses from Annie Lennox to Mary J. Blige as influences. "But the jazz and blues singers of the mid-late 20th century are probably the biggest influences over my passion and desire to sing."
Mahal has been performing as a solo act since she was 17, but more recently she's been part of the pop/soul duo Fredericks Brown. She'll be performing a mix of her solo work, Fredericks Brown songs and covers on Saturday night. —Will Pearson
AFRICAN ELECTRONIC
JazzLab: Akounak Teggdalit Taha Tazoughai (Rain the Colour of Blue with a Little Red in it)
Thursday, July 9, noon, Halifax Central Library
Rising to fame from music traded via cellphone SIM cards—a common form of music sharing in west Africa—Nigerien musician Mdou Moctar's smooth sounds are gradually making their way across the globe. Playing Tuareg guitar, the traditional music of his North African ethnic group, Moctar has fused traditional styles with psychedelic and electronic influences, using Auto-Tune to give his songs an unearthly sound. A self-taught musician, Moctar left his hometown in Niger as a young adult to work in Libya, putting his music aside for three years until another Tuareg guitarist inspired him to pick up the guitar again.
At that point, Moctar returned to music with a renewed energy, devoting himself to writing songs, resulting in his first album Anar, released in 2008 and recorded in neighbouring Nigeria, where Auto-Tune is also favoured by musicians. Moctar's love of the electronic Nigerian sound influenced his music. Moctar's name became known through playing wedding gigs and through the cellphone music trading network, prominent in regions where high-speed internet and home computers are limited, and cellphones serve as multifunctional media devices.
Now Moctar is bringing Tuareg music and culture to international audiences through teaching and as the star of the first feature film in the Tuareg language, Tamasheq. Rain the Colour of Blue with a Little Red in it is based on Purple Rain (Tamasheq has no word for purple), and stars Moctar as a fictional guitarist struggling to make it in Agadez, Niger. With a soundtrack of original compositions, the story is not so far from fiction. —LK
CAVE MUSIC
Brooklyn three-piece jazz renegades Moon Hooch got their start playing in New York subway stations, some of which they're now banned from by the NYPD. The band's style fuses improvisational jazz with elements of electronica, or "cave music" as they call it.
"A few years ago our good friend left me a voice message: 'Hey James, I just thought of new style of music. It's like house, but more natural, wild and free,'" says drummer James Muschler. The band latched onto the term.
"You can't really get the same kind of live intensity and chemistry," with recorded electronic music, Muschler explains.
The band is currently mixing its third album, to be released this fall. Outside of the music, Muschler maintains a vegan cooking blog, Cooking in the Cave, trying to provide healthy vegan recipes for eating on the road. What does he suggest as a starting point?
"We were asked to come up with a recipe to emulate our second album," Muschler says, and a recipe for roasted Brussels sprouts with pomegranate seeds and toasted hazelnuts was created to work with the album artwork, a "a celebration of the cabbage and the pomegranate." We recommend a serving before the show. —LK
Vox Sambou
JazzLab: Vox Sambou
Friday, July 10, noon, Halifax Central Library
Vox Sambou is a man with a conscience. As a founding member of Montreal-based hip-hop group Nomadic Massive, and more recently as a solo artist, he has been using music to name injustice and resist oppression for over a decade.
"The role of the artist is to be the eyes and ears of the people," says Sambou. A Haitian by birth living in Montreal, he is committed to raising awareness of Haiti's social and political challenges. "As artists we are fortunate to have the microphone, and I use that opportunity to express what's going on in Haiti right now."
Sambou delivers politically charged lyrics (both rap and song) in Creole, English, French and Spanish, and fuses the traditional rhythms of Haiti with hip-hop and reggae to create a highly danceable offering built from both samples and live instruments. The catchy, mellow reggae influences at times belie the seriousness of his lyrics, but when he's closer to hip-hop the frustration and anger in his rapping are palpable.
Vox Sambou is bringing a full live band to the tent Saturday night, including keyboards and saxophone. He'll be playing songs from his first two albums, as well as unreleased tracks from his upcoming record. On Friday at noon, he'll play a free Jazz Lab at the Central Library, which is open to the public.
"The last time I was in Halifax, with Nomadic Massive, we had a great, great time," Vox says. "We're going to have another amazing set this time. We're going to jump around a lot and I want people to bring their sneakers because we're all going to be moving!" —WP
Creative Music Workshop
Students of the Creative Music Workshop
Thursday, July 9 and Saturday, July 11, 7pm, 1313 Hollis. July 12, 1:30pm, Alderney Landing Theatre
This year marks the 20th anniversary of the Creative Music Workshop, a unique program that has become an integral part of the Halifax Jazz Festival. The eight-day workshop brings students from all over Nova Scotia and the world together with renowned musicians and clinicians to jam, practice, discuss artistic process and develop their creativity.
Students and faculty will share their work at a series of shows during the festival, leading up to a free concert Sunday at Alderney Landing Theatre at 1:30pm. This finale is your chance to hear legends like Julian Priester and Jane Ira Bloom jam with talented students of the form.
The workshop is an intense week. Mornings begin with mindfulness and meditation sessions, and other process work that gets participants in touch with their creativity. The afternoons are devoted to ensemble work, masterclasses and lots of improvisation.
The focus is on developing well-rounded artists, not just technically proficient ones, says CMW co-founder and core faculty member Jerry Granelli. "It's about creating healthy individuals. We need artists who are healthy people who want to bring something to their community. It's an opportunity to provide young people and old people with a musical community through improvisation. The workshop has been a real community service. It's changed hundreds of people's lives."
The workshop's unique holistic approach attracts big-name artists as teachers. "They come here because it's a chance to teach in a way they normally wouldn't get to," says Granelli.
Alex Pangman
Gordon Webster Sextet with Brianna Thomas w/Alex Pangman
Sunday, July 12, 8:30pm, Main Stage
Dubbed Canada's "sweetheart of swing" by American trombonist Dan Barrett, Alex Pangman is on a short break from the jazz festival circuit when we catch her in Toronto—a time of year the singer always relishes. "Ninety-five percent" of Pangman's material is historical, mostly from the 1930s, with a handful of original songs. Her third album came out last fall.
"I was not very content listening to the songs of my generation—the Backstreet Boys and Milli Vanilli," she says. She brought her guitar to the farm where she rode horses and a man picked it up to play the jazz classic "Rosetta." "I knew the melody and depth of the chords was something I was attracted to," she says.
Life on the jazz-fest circuit isn't always easy for Pangman. A recipient of two lung transplants, last summer she received her second transplant and was back on stage just a few weeks later. "I couldn't find a sub, and I was determined I would do this show," she says. "I was feeling great—I had all sorts of steroids telling me I was Wonder Woman."
Pangman urges all her listeners to register as organ donors now, pointing them to liveon.ca, and especially wants to encourage people in the Maritimes to register after meeting other recipients. "It seems like lots of people in the Maritimes need transplants and there aren't enough people registered," she says. "It's a real pleasure just to breathe again and to sing again, so I'd like to pay that forward." —LK
The Budos Band w/Vox Sambou
Saturday, July 11, 8:30pm, Main Stage
If you're looking to lose your shit this Jazz Fest, the Budos Band's main stage gig on Saturday night is your best bet. They've never been to Halifax, and they're bringing their signature blend of instrumental afro-funk, Ethiopian jazz and '70s hard rock to town with the intention of getting rowdy.
"Our live show is as much of a party as we can make it," says baritone saxophone player Jared Tankel. "We like to make it raucous. We like to make it loud. We like to ride the fine line between chaos and art on stage, and we encourage people to share the rowdiness and share the energy."
So it's going to be raucous, but this isn't just a bunch of partiers. A meticulous rhythm section (drums, congas, cowbells and more) delivers a steady beat with funky syncopations. Simple guitar and bass licks establish the groove. An organist provides atmosphere and ornament. And a muscular brass section (sax and trumpet) goes in for the kill with bold lines that get into your bones.
And now is the time to see Budos Band—they're in something of a renaissance. After recording a string of successful Afro-funk albums, they decided to finally let their love of hard rock influence their latest record, Burnt Offering.
"As a band we've always loved listening to '70s hard rock, psychedelic rock, early heavy metal," says Tankel. "It was a personal challenge to try and figure out how to incorporate those influences into our sound, which is actually kind of tricky given our instrumentation and lineup."
Kind of tricky, maybe. But Budos Band nails it, and we're expecting a riot. —WP
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If you keep your clients satisfied with your freelance writing services, you'll have them back again and again, and this is the pledge of your steady income and good testimonials. Make use of the following guidelines that will help you please each and every your ongoing and new client.
The quality of your texts is the first and foremost thing you should care about. The business will only lose from the poor content, which is why if you fail, a more professional freelance writer will be hired to do the job.
Scrupulously comply with the directions.
The directions to different orders may vary, therefore, read them carefully before starting your work. Try not to overlook even the slightest details because you'll have your order back for revision, and this is not the best sign.
It is better to finish your article a little bit earlier than to do everything at the last minute and, at worst, miss the deadline.Thoroughly schedule your work and consider the circumstances that may distract you from accomplishing the task.
If you have a question or there is some misunderstanding of the task, write an email to clarify the issue. Moreover, if some force majeure events occur and you cannot deliver your order in time, immediately contact and warn your employer. Do not disappear!
Do not take criticism too hard.
The clients always have reasons for sending texts back to their freelance writers and asking to revise. Use this opportunity to learn and do better job in the future. Don't get too attached to your writing and correct it to satisfy the employer's expectations.
Different clients work in different areas and may have completely different demands as to the needed contents. Take some time to do extra research on the company business, browse their website, and find out what style you should follow to match the general picture. The writer's flexibility is always appreciated by the employer.
Make it a pleasure to work with you.
Try to keep your clients satisfied not only through the quality of your freelance work, but also through the tone you deal with them. When discussing the order, keep to the business and be short and precise. Produce good content even if you are not paid much for it. Later, the client will return and offer more competitive pricing. You may also have some minimal discounts for regular customers.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Information relevant to diversity and social justice is posted here. In addition to highlighting key developments, the focus is on providing educational resources to respond to emerging social issues.
Read about social workers who are "working beyond services" in many countries around the world, breaking cycles of crisis and helping people chang their lives and communities.
Take a virtual tour of Frederick Douglass's home. Discover his life and legacy and how he continues to inspire a commitment to social justice. Visit the education resources page and find lesson plans, exhibit panels, suggested reading lists, and more.


text:
import wx
import numpy as np
from numpy import fft

from nerven_panels import *
from consts import *
from epoc.epoc_bits import TAIL_LEN

class FourierPanel(NervenPlotPanel):
    def do_update(self):
        draw = True
        if self.draw_counter < PLOT_UPDATE_FREQ:
            self.draw_counter += 1
            draw = False
        if draw:
            fig = self.plot.get_figure()
            axes = fig.gca()
            acc_fft = np.array([0.0]*(SAMPLE_FREQ*TAIL_LEN/2+1), dtype='float')
            for i, sensor in enumerate(self.epoc_mgr.device.sensors):
                if self.cfg['only_use_good_sensors']:
                    if self.epoc_mgr.device.sensor_q[sensor] < self.cfg['contact_qual_threshold']:
                        continue
                self.draw_counter = 0
                vals = np.array(self.epoc_mgr.device.sensor_tail[sensor], dtype='float')
                sensor_fft = abs(fft.rfft(vals))
                acc_fft = np.add(acc_fft, sensor_fft)
            freqs = fft.fftfreq(vals.size/2+1, d=(1.0/SAMPLE_FREQ))
            axes.plot(freqs, acc_fft, 'x')
            axes.set_xlabel('Hz')
            #axes.set_autoscale_on(True)
            self.plot.draw()
            fig.delaxes(axes)


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words that mind erases completely by the time we close the books and leave the writing table.
words that stick to the top of the tongue, playfully chaffing our memory, but never being there when needed.
words that write themselves down in the dictionary of our heart and encourage us to close the eyes, dream and wonder.
Flâner is a French intransitive verb meaning 1. Se promener tranquillement sans but, to wander, to walk without an aim 2. Se reposer, se détendre en ne faisant rien, to relax and take it easy.
Flâner also means put a pair of jeans and comfortable shoes and go out wandering the streets of Saint-Germain; or get a good book and a cup of warm tea and enjoy the winter sun in Jardin de Luxembourg; or get to know the person sitting across you in the metro; or have a delicious dinner with the person you love.
Flâner means have a good time and learn to appreciate it.
Thank you so much @milktherapy!
Lovely photographs and a great word! Thanks for sharing.
Thank you so much, dear Sam! Have a wonderful inspiring weekend!


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Being a barber is one of the careers that go well with the people who like to work with the hair and experience that come along with the different hairstyles and cuts, in the world of different fashions and trends have improved the way people cut and have their hair done. One of the ways to become the best barber in town is to ensure that you get to the school that trains people to become the best barbers. You can have your dreams come true if you wish to become a barber and therefore you should consider some things before you choose the school that you are going to study in. The following are the things that you should consider.
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Law enforcement officials in Las Vegas are investigating a reported robbery at the Bellagio Hotel & Casino on the Las Vegas Strip — which caught the eye of actor James Woods, who was gambling at the time.
The robbery unfolded near the poker cage of the casino area just before 3:50 p.m. local time on Tuesday, the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department said.
The suspect approached the poker cage and demanded an unspecified amount of money.
The robbery was captured on surveillance photos, Las Vegas Metro Police Captain John Pelletier said.
"Those who commit crimes like this on the Strip will be hunted down and whatever amount of cash he got is not enough to face a lifetime in prison," Pelletier said, according to the Las Vegas Sun.
Pelletier said that investigators are "comfortable and confident" they'll find the suspect, who is believed to be a white man who was armed with a handgun and wearing a mask. Police said he was also wearing a wig and glasses, and escaped in a silver Chevrolet Cruze with Nevada license plates.
The police captain added that someone may have been brought into the casino with the suspect, but didn't play a role in the robbery and is cooperating with authorities.
So we are playing poker here and a guy walks up with a gun and robs the cage thirty feet from us ten minutes ago.
.Our staff were fantastic. They surrendered the money quietly, so no customers would get hurt. Nobody even realized it was happening. Excellent staff, cool under pressure.
It was the site of one of the most famous fictional heists in movie history, as seen in the 2001 film "Ocean's Eleven." The crew played by a big-name cast — including George Clooney, Brad Pitt and Matt Damon — aimed to rob the Bellagio, the Mirage and the MGM Grand.


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What can be better than indulging in an unadulterated rejuvenating experience in a traditional home on the banks of a perennial river in Central Kerala. Nothing pretentious, sharing light moments, exchanging views and learning a new language, culture and ideas. Understanding how similar we are yet different, building friendship and memories that will last a life time. . The possibilities are endless, but for one, make this trip special by stepping out of the glass dome and experience the true warmth of the house.
© Tabernacle Homestay. All rights reserved.


St. Paul, MN – May 15, 2016 – TrainingIndustry.com has announced its Top 20 Content Development Companies List, as part of its mission to continually monitor the training marketplace for the best providers of training services and technologies.
Allen Interactions, a custom learning solutions provider focused on providing performance-changing learning events that provide business change for its clients and their employees, was named to Training Industry's Top 20 Content Development Companies List for the 6th consecutive year.
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text:
\section{Introduction}

Unstructured documents contain a vast amount of knowledge that can be useful information for responding to users in goal-oriented dialog systems.
The shared task at the first DialDoc Workshop focuses on grounding and generating agent responses in such systems.
Therefore, two subtasks are proposed: given a dialog extract the relevant information for the next agent turn from a document and generate a natural language agent response based on dialog context and grounding document.
In this paper, we present our submissions to both subtasks.

In the first subtask, we focus on modeling spans directly using a biaffine classifier and restricting the model's output to valid spans.
We notice that replacing BERT with alternative language models results in significant improvements.
For the second subtask, we notice that providing a generation model with an entire, possibly long, grounding document often leads to models struggling to generate factually correct output.
Hence, we split the task into two subsequent stages, where first a grounding span is selected according to our method for the first subtask which is then provided for generation.
With these approaches, we report strong improvements over the baseline in both subtasks.
Additionally, we experimented with marginalizing over all spans in order to be able to account for the uncertainty of the span selection model during generation.

\section{Related Work}
Recently, multiple datasets and challenges concerning conversational question answering have been proposed.
For example, \citet{saeidi2018} introduced ShARC, a dataset containing ca.\ 32k utterances which include follow-up questions on user requests which can not be answered directly based on the given dialog and grounding.
Similarly, the CoQA dataset \cite{reddy2019} provides 127k questions with answers and grounding obtained from human conversations.
Closer related to the DialDoc shared task, the task in the first track of DSTC~9 \cite{kim2020} was to generate agent responses based on relevant knowledge in task-oriented dialog.
However, the considered knowledge has the form of FAQ documents, where snippets are much shorter than those considered in this work.

Pre-trained trained language models such as BART \cite{lewis2020bart} or RoBERTa \cite{liu2019} have recently become a successful tool for different kinds of natural language understanding tasks, such as question answering (QA), where they obtain state-of-the-art results \cite{liu2019, clarkELECTRAPreTrainingText2020}.
Naturally, they have recently also found their way into task-oriented dialog systems \cite{lewis2020bart}, where they are either used as end-to-end systems \cite{budzianowskiHelloItGPT22019, hamEndtoEndNeuralPipeline2020} or as components for a specific subtask \cite{he2021learning}.

\section{Task Description}
The task of dialog systems is to generate an appropriate systems response $u_{T+1}$ to a user turn $u_T$ and preceding dialog context $u_1^{T-1} \coloneqq u_1, ..., u_{T-1}$.
In a document-grounded setting, $u_{T+1}$ is based on knowledge from a set of relevant documents $D^\prime \subseteq D$, where $D$ denotes all knowledge documents.
\citet{feng2020doc2dial} identify three tasks relevant to such systems, namely 1) user utterance understanding; 2) agent response prediction; 3) relevant document identification.
The shared task deals with the second task and assumes the result of the third task to be known.
They further split this task into \emph{agent response grounding prediction} and \emph{agent response generation}.
More specifically, one subtask focuses on identifying the grounding of $u_{T+1}$ and the second subtask on generating $u_{T+1}$.
In both subtasks exactly one document $d \in D$ is given.
Each document consists of multiple sections, whereby each section consists of a title and the content.
In the doc2dial dataset, the latter is split into multiple subspans.
In the following, we refer to these given subspans as \emph{phrases} in order to avoid confusing them with arbitrary spans in the document.

\paragraph{Agent Response Grounding Prediction}
\label{sec:response_grounding}
The first subtask is to identify a span in a given document that grounds the agent response \(u_{T+1}\).
It is formulated as a span selection task where the aim is
to return a tuple $(a_s, a_e)$ of start and end position of the relevant span within the grounding document $d$ based on the dialog history $u_1^T$.
In the context of the challenge, these spans always correspond to one of the given phrases in the documents.

\paragraph{Agent Response Generation}
The goal of response generation is to provide the user with a system response $u_{T+1}$ that is based on the dialog context $u_1^T$ and document $d$ and fits naturally into the preceding dialog.

\section{Methods}

\subsection{Baselines}
\paragraph{Agent Response Grounding Prediction}
For the first subtask, \citet{feng2020doc2dial} fine-tune BERT for question answering as proposed by \citet{devlin2019bert}.
Therefore, a start and end score for each token is calculated by a linear projection from the last hidden states of the model.
These scores are normalized using a softmax over all tokens to obtain probabilities for the start and end positions.
In order to obtain the probability of a specific span, the probabilities of the start and end positions are multiplied.
If the length of the documents exceeds the maximum length supported by the model, a sliding window with stride over the document is used and each window is passed to the model.
In training, if the correct span is not included in the window, the span only consisting of the begin of sequence token is used as target.
In decoding the scores of all windows are combined to find the best span.

\paragraph{Agent Response Generation} The baseline provided for the shared task uses a pre-trained BART model \cite{lewis2020bart} to generate agent responses.
The model is fine-tuned on the tasks training data by minimizing the cross-entropy of the reference tokens.
As input, it is provided with the dialog context, title of the document, and the grounding document separated by special tokens.
Inputs longer than the maximum sequence length supported by the model (1,024 tokens for BART) are truncated.
Effectively, this means that parts of the document are removed that may include the information relevant to the response.
An alternative to truncating the document would be to truncate the dialog context (i.e. removing the oldest turns which may be less relevant than the document).
We did not do experiments with this approach in this work and always included the full dialog context in the input.
For decoding beam search with a beam size of 4 is used.

\subsection{Agent Response Grounding Prediction}

\paragraph{Phrase restriction}
In contrast to standard QA tasks, in this task, possible start and end positions of spans are restricted to phrases in the document.
This motivated us to also restrict the possible outputs of the model to these positions.
That is, instead of applying the softmax over all tokens, it is only applied over tokens corresponding to the start or end positions of a phrase
and thus only consider these positions in training and decoding.

\paragraph{Span-based objective}
The training objective for QA assumes that the probability of the start and end position are conditionally independent.
Previous work \cite{fajcikRethinkingObjectivesExtractive2020} indicates that directly modeling the joint probability of start and end position can improve performance.
Hence, to model this joint probability, we use a biaffine classifier as proposed by \citet{dozatDeepBiaffineAttention2017} for dependency parsing.

\paragraph{Ensembling} In our submission, we use an ensemble of multiple models for the prediction of spans to capture their uncertainty.
More precisely, we use Bayesian Model Averaging \cite{bma}, where the probability of a span $a = (a_s, a_e)$ is obtained by marginalizing the joint probability of span and model over all models $H$ as:
\begin{align}
  p\left(a \mid u_1^T, d\right) &= \sum_{h \in H} p_h\left(a \mid u_1^T, d\right) \cdot p\left(h\right)
\end{align}
The model prior $p\left(h\right)$ is obtained by applying a softmax function over the logarithm of the F1 scores obtained on a validation set.
Furthermore, we approximate the span posterior distribution $p_h\left(a \mid u_1^T, d\right)$ by an n-best list of size 20.

\subsection{Agent Response Generation}
\paragraph{Cascaded Response Generation}
One main issue with the baseline approach is that the model appears to be unable to identify the relevant knowledge when provided with long documents.
Additionally, due to the truncation, the input of the model may not even contain the relevant parts of the document.
To solve this issue, we propose to model the problem by cascading span selection and response generation.
This way, we only have to provide the comparatively short grounding span to the model instead of the full document.
This allows the model to focus on generating an appropriate utterance and less on identifying relevant grounding information.

Similar to the baseline, we fine-tune BART \cite{lewis2020bart}.
In training, we provide the model with the dialog context $u_1^T$ concatenated with the document title and reference span, each separated by a special token.
In decoding, the reference span is not available and we use the span predicted by our span selection model as input.

\paragraph{Marginalization over Spans}
Conditioning on only the ground truth span creates a mismatch between training and inference time since the ground truth span is not available at test time but has to be predicted.
This leads to errors occurring in span selection being propagated in response generation.
Further, the generation model is unable to take the uncertainty of the span selection model into account.
Similar to \citet{lewisRetrievalAugmentedGenerationKnowledgeIntensive2020} and \citet{Thulke2021rag} we propose to marginalize over all spans $S$.
We model the response generation as:
\begin{align*}
  p\left( \hat{u} = u_{T+1} \mid u_1^T; d \right) &= \\
  \prod_i^N \sum_{s \in S} \: & p\left(\hat{u}_i, s \mid \hat{u}_1^{i-1}; u_1^T; d \right)
\end{align*}
where the joint probability may be factorized into a span selection model $p\left( s \mid u_1^T; d \right)$ and a generation model $p\left( u_{T+1} \mid u_1^T,s; d \right)$ corresponding to our models for each subtask.
For efficiency, we approximate $S$ by the top 5 spans which we renormalize to maintain a probability distribution.
The generation model is then trained with cross-entropy using an n-best list obtained from the separately trained selection model.
A potential extension which we did not yet try is to train both models jointly.

\begin{table*}[h]
  \centering
  \caption{Results of our best system on test and validation set.}
  \label{table:main_results}
  \begin{tabular}{|l|r|r|r|r|l|r|r|}
    \hline
    \multicolumn{5}{|l|}{Subtask 1} & \multicolumn{3}{l|}{Subtask 2} \\
     & \multicolumn{2}{|r|}{test} & \multicolumn{2}{|r|}{val} & & test & val \\
    \hline
    model & F1 & EM & F1 & EM & model & \multicolumn{2}{|r|}{BLEU} \\ \hline\hline
    baseline & 67.9 & 51.5 & 70.8 & 56.3 & baseline (ours) & 28.1 & 32.9 \\
    RoBERTa & 73.2 & 58.3 & 77.3 & 65.6 & cascaded (RoBERTa) & 39.1 & 39.6 \\
    ensemble & \textbf{75.9} & \textbf{63.5} & \textbf{78.8} & \textbf{68.4} & cascaded (ensemble) & \textbf{40.4} & \textbf{41.5} \\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
\end{table*}

\section{Data}
The shared task uses the doc2dial dataset \cite{feng2020doc2dial} which contains 4,793 annotated dialogs based on a total of 487 documents.
All documents were obtained from public government service websites and stem from the four domains \textit{Social Security Administration (ssa)}, \textit{Department of Motor Vehicles (dmv)}, \textit{United States Department of Veterans Affairs (va)}, and \textit{Federal Student Aid (studentaid)}.
In the shared task, each document is associated with exactly one domain and is annotated with sections and phrases.
The latter is described by a start and end index within the document and associated with a specific section that has a title and text.
Each dialog is based on one document and contains a set of turns.
Turns are taken either by a \textit{user} or an \textit{agent} and described by a dialog act and a list of grounding reference phrases in the document

The training set of the shared task contains 3,474 dialogs with in total 44,149 turns.
In addition to the training set, the shared task organizers provide a validation set with 661 dialogs and a testdev set with 198 dialogs which include around 30\% of the dialogs from the final test set.
The final test set includes an additional domain of unseen documents and comprises a total of 787 dialogs.
Documents are rather long, have a median length of 817.5, and an average length of 991 tokens (using the BART subword vocabulary).
Thus, in many cases, truncation of the input is required.

\section{Experiments}

We base our implementation\footnote{Our code is made available at \url{https://github.com/ndaheim/dialdoc-sharedtask-21}} on the provided baseline code of the shared task \footnote{Baseline code is available at \url{https://github.com/doc2dial/sharedtask-dialdoc2021}}.
Furthermore, we use the workflow manager Sisyphus \cite{peterSisyphusWorkflowManager2018} to organize our experiments.

For the first subtask, we use the base and large variants of RoBERTa \cite{liu2019} and ELECTRA \cite{clarkELECTRAPreTrainingText2020} instead of BERT large uncased.
In the second subtask, we use BART base instead of the large variant, which was used in the baseline code, since even after reducing the batch size to one, we were not able to run the baseline with a maximum sequence length of 1024 on our Nvidia GTX 1080 Ti and RTX 2080 Ti GPUs due to memory constraints.
All models are fine-tuned with an initial learning rate of 3e-5.
Base variants are trained for 10 epochs and large variants for 5 epochs.

We include agent follow-up turns in our training data, i.e. such turns $u_t$ made by agents, where the preceding turn $u_{t-1}$ was already taken by the agent.
Similar to other agent turns, i.e. where the preceding turn was taken by the user, these turns are annotated with their grounding span and can be used as additional samples in both tasks.
In the baseline implementation, these are excluded from training and evaluation.
To maintain comparability, we do not include them in the validation or test data.

For evaluation, we use the same evaluation metrics as proposed in the baseline.
In the first subtask, exact match (EM), i.e. the percentage of exact matches between the predicted and reference span (after lowercasing and removing punctuation, articles, and whitespace) and the token-level F1 score is used.
The second subtask is evaluated using SacreBLEU \cite{post2018call}.

\begin{table}[bh!]
  \centering
  \caption{Ablation analysis of our systems for subtask 1 on the validation set. The best single model results are underlined.}
  \label{table:ablation_task1}
\begin{tabular}{|l|r|r|r|}
  \hline
  model & F1 & EM & EM@5 \\
  \hline\hline
  baseline (BERT large) & 70.8 & 56.3 & 68.2 \\
  ELECTRA large & 75.1 & 63.1 & 79.5 \\

  RoBERTa large & \underline{77.3} & \underline{65.6} & 82.1 \\

  \; -- phrase restriction & 77.0 & 65.1 & 79.7\\

  \; \hphantom{--} -- follow-up turns & 76.5 & 64.5 & 80.9 \\
  \; -- follow-up turns & 75.7 & 63.2 & 80.3\\

  RoBERTa base & 74.8 & 63.1 & 79.5 \\

  \; + span-based & 73.6 & 62.5 & \underline{83.0} \\
  ensemble & \textbf{78.8} & \textbf{68.4} & \textbf{85.0} \\
  \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\subsection{Results}

\Cref{table:main_results} summarizes our main results and submission to the shared task.
The first line shows the results obtained by reproducing the baseline provided by the organizers (using BART base for Subtask 2).
We note that these results differ from the ones reported in \citet{feng2020doc2dial} due to slightly different data conditions in the shared task and their paper.
The second line shows the results of our best single model.
In Subtask 1, we obtained our best results by using RoBERTa large, trained additionally on agent follow-up turns, and by restricting the model to phrases occurring in the document.
Using an ensemble of this model, an ELECTRA large model trained with the same approach, and a RoBERTa base model trained with the span-based objective, we achieve our best result.
In the second subtask, our cascaded approach using this model and BART base significantly outperforms the baseline by over 10\% absolute in BLEU.
Using the results of the ensemble in Subtask 2 also translates to a significant improvement in BLEU, which indicates a strong influence of the agent response grounding prediction task.

\subsection{Ablation Analysis}

\paragraph{Agent Response Grounding Prediction}

\Cref{table:ablation_task1} gives an overview of our ablation analysis for the first subtask.
In addition to F1 and EM, we report the EM@5 which we define as the percentage of turns where an exact match is part of the 5-best list predicted by the model.
This metric gives an indication of the quality of the n-best list produced by the model.
Both RoBERTa and ELECTRA large outperform BERT large concerning F1 and EM with RoBERTa large performing best.
Removing agent follow-up turns in training consistently degrades the results for both models.
Restricting the predictions of the model to valid phrases during training and evaluation gives consistent improvements in the EM and EM@5 scores.

Training RoBERTa base using the span-based objective, we observe degradations in F1 and EM but observe an improvement in EM@5 which indicates that it better models the distribution across phrases.
Due to instabilities during training, we were not able to train a large model with the span-based objective.
Additionally, we only did experiments with the biaffine classifier discussed in \Cref{sec:response_grounding}.
It would be interesting to compare the results with other span-based objectives as the ones proposed by \citet{fajcikRethinkingObjectivesExtractive2020}.

\paragraph{Agent Response Generation}
\begin{table}
  \centering
  \caption{Ablation analysis of our systems for subtask 2 on the validation set.}
  \label{table:ablation_task2}
\begin{tabular}{|l|r|}
  \hline
  model & BLEU \\
  \hline\hline
  baseline (ours) & 32.9 \\
  span marginalization & 38.4 \\
  cascaded (RoBERTa large) & \underline{39.6} \\
  \; + section title & 39.6 \\
  \; \hphantom{+} + extended context & 39.5 \\
  cascaded (ensemble) & 41.2 \\
  \; + follow-up turns & 41.2 \\
  \; \hphantom{+} + beam-size 6 & 41.3 \\
  \; \hphantom{+} \hphantom{+} + repetition-penalty & \textbf{41.5} \\
  \hline
  cascaded (ground truth) & 46.2 \\
  \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\Cref{table:ablation_task2} shows an ablation study of our results in response generation.
The results show that our cascaded approach outperforms the baseline by a large margin.
Further experiments with additional context, such as the title of a section or a window of 10 tokens to each side of the span, do not give improvements.
This indicates that the selected spans seem to be sufficient to generate suitable responses.
Furthermore, marginalizing over multiple spans leads to degradations, which might be because training is based on an n-best list from an uncertain model.
We observe our best results when using only the predicted span and a beam size of 6.
Furthermore, we add a repetition penalty of 1.2 \cite{keskar2019ctrl} to discourage repetitions in generated responses.

Finally, the last line of the table reports the results of the cascaded method when using ground truth spans instead of the spans predicted by a model.
That is, a perfect model for the first subtask would additionally improve the results by 4.7 points absolute in BLEU.

\section{Conclusion}

In this paper, we have described our submissions to both subtasks of the first DialDoc shared task.
In the first subtask, we have experimented with restricting the set of spans that can be predicted to valid phrases, which yields constant improvements in terms of EM.
Furthermore, we have employed a model to directly hypothesize entire spans and shown the benefits of combining multiple models using Bayesian Model Averaging.
In the second subtask, we have shown how cascading span selection and response generation improves results when compared to providing an entire document in generation.
We have compared marginalizing over spans to just using a single span for generation, with which we obtain our best results in the shared task.

\section*{Acknowledgements}
This work has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 694537, project ``SEQCLAS''). The work reflects only the authors' views and the European Research Council Executive Agency (ERCEA) is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

\bibliographystyle{acl_natbib}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


So day three and all is well…still at where I want to be calorie wise. I made it to the gym this morning. Got on the treadmill this morning and realized I grabbed the wrong ear phones. They are too short. I tried to but the buckle on my sweats and it was to short so i thought Id put it on the treadmill console. I theory that was a good idea till I turned my head. I pod fell onto the treadmill i tried to catch it which was stupid…hello the treadmill doesn't stop. Of course I am the class clown so I have to know figure out how I am going to get my Ipod. So I stop the belt get the ipod…this little old guy is watching me so I do a bow and get back on….he chuckles at me… and now my good work out is stopped…I lost my momentum I got back on but only had 10 min left so I half way did that and decided to get on the bike for 15 minutes and try to get the groove back…well I did it but didn't get that high I usually feel after the treadmill….oh well there is always tomorrow. I did work out my back and arms today. I stayed away from the legs due to craps i had in my calf muscles all night last night. I did eat a banana this morning so hopefully that will help that.


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text:
Q: Template and My File Differences I'm trying to figure out why I'm getting so many errors on the page getting validated and why I'm getting my page to look like the template. The CSS files are exactly the same. For some reason the div with a class of login-footer clear isn't inside the login box model like it is in the template and the label for the two text boxes aren't quite aligned right.
http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kansasoutlawwrestling.com%2Fkowmanager%2Findex.php%2Fauth%2Flogin&charset=%28detect+automatically%29&doctype=Inline&group=0
Template Page: http://www.kansasoutlawwrestling.com/admintemp/login.html
My Page: http://www.kansasoutlawwrestling.com/kowmanager/index.php/auth/login
Or maybe it has to do with the controller and view.
Edit: The errors on the page were fixed only issue remaining is the alignment difference with the login-footer div difference.
Config/asset.php: http://pastebin.com/195usTQG

A: The page won't validate because of all the PHP errors that are output before the DOCTYPE is even loaded.  It looks like you're using a constant that isn't defined, but I really can't say more without digging through your source.
Start by checking the file config/asset.php like the errors suggest.

A: Your Template has this code at the top:

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message:  Use of undefined constant APPPATH_URI - assumed 'APPPATH_URI'

Filename: config/asset.php

Line Number: 15

This is causing the error. This should be at the bottom. Because w3 Validator first read the Doctype definition on line 1. Unfortunately on line 1 there is no Doctype definition (DTD) found.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Family of tragic Ciaran William, 8, who was crushed to death by headstone slam Glasgow cemetery safety report for being 'too late'
By Arthur Vundla and Hannah Rodger
THE family of a child crushed to death by a headstone have slammed a cemetery safety report and said it's a little "too late".
Tragic Ciaran Williamson died at the age of eight when a 7ft headstone fell on top of him while he was playing with friends.
He was crushed by the weight of the headstone
The headstone severed his spinal chord and killed him instantly.
The Fatal Accident Inquiry into Ciaran's death heard that one of the reasons a proper inspection regime of the headstones wasn't in place in Glasgow was due to a lack of resources.
And his dad Ryan Williamson and grandmother Margaret Aitken have reacted angrily and said the new guidelines do not go far enough to ensure a similar tragedy won't happen again.
They said they believe the Scottish Government's report gives local authorities, who are responsible for burial ground maintenance, the same opportunities as before the tragedy to ignore inspection and maintenance regimes if they are short of cash or resources.
They also said the guidelines are just a repetition of existing standards.
The family have been fighting for answers since the tragedy at Craigton Cemetery, Glasgow, in May 2015.
Ryan, Ciaran's father, added: "I am now facing yet another Father's Day without Ciaran, all because a council didn't have a proper maintenance programme in place.
"I don't see how this does anything to stop another wee boy or girl being killed in the same situation.
"We are constantly being told local authorities have no money and that funding is being cut all over the place.
Gravestone which fell and killed tragic Ciaran Williamson, 8, was just metres from one which injured another lad at Craigton Cemetery in Glasgow
"How will councils now suddenly be able to afford these 'suggested' inspections if they have even less funding? It's too little, too late."
The Fatal Accident Inquiry into Ciaran's death heard that one of the reasons a proper inspection regime wasn't in place in Glasgow was due to a lack of resources.
The inquiry heard that an employee raised concerns about the issue in 2013, but no action was taken.
Margaret and Ryan said the report - Burial Ground Memorial Safety: Local Authority Guidance - gives little guidance on what to do if the owner of a lair can't be found, which was the case with the memorial which crushed Ciaran.
The report states: "The responsibility for the full and complete repair of memorials remains the duty of the lair owner.
"The long-term solution to address all memorials which have failed assessment is to complete a full repair.
"Any repairs which are carried out would expected to meet current industry standards with an appropriate level of guarantee offered by those making the repairs.
"Local constraints, potentially imposed by the total cost for large numbers of memorials requiring repair or confirming lair ownership, may mean this is not always possible.
"Ciaran's grandmother Margaret said: "The problem we have is that these are merely guidelines.
"We have been saying all along that there should be legislation, to ensure local authorities have to maintain burial grounds properly.
"If these are just guidelines, what are the legal implications if they do not follow them "We've read the report, all 33 pages of it, and it just repeats over and over that councils 'may' use the guidelines.
"Nowhere does it say they have to follow them."
In Scotland, 32 councils have responsibility for more than 2,200 cemeteries, and hundreds of thousands of gravestones.
Margaret added: "This comes across as if they are saying if lair holders can't be traced it doesn't matter.
Family of boy, 8, crushed by gravestone in Glasgow win six-figure compensation payout from council chiefs
"The headstone which killed Ciaran was old, there weren't any owners.
"So in that situation, it's still unclear what councils are supposed to do to make sure that is safe.
"It says they should repair the headstone, but basically it might not be possible if they can't afford it.
"How is this any different to the situation we had before Ciaran died?"
TRAGIC DEATH
Tributes pour in for beloved Motherwell footie fan who died at the weekend
FEST SLUR
TRNSMT punter wearing Irish flag branded 'Fenian b*****d' by foul-mouthed bigot
Beast who left Scots baby needing surgery after 'most severe' sex attack caged
TRNSMT announce dates for 2020 festival with early bird tickets out soon
shock death
Man dead after 'industrial incident' near Scots Asda as cops lock down scene
A Scottish Government spokesman said: "Our thoughts remain with the family of Ciaran Williamson.
"The Scottish Government is confident that the comprehensive guidance on memorial safety will bring about positive and effective change and improvements on memorial safety, assisting local authorities with their statutory responsibility under the Health and Safety at Work Act."
Families distraught as vandals attack dozens of graves in Hebburn Cemetery
We pay for your stories and videos! Do you have a story or video for The Scottish Sun? Email us at scoop@thesun.co.uk or call 0141 420 5200

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


61 agency and client partnerships have been presented with trophies at the 2016 DBA Design Effectiveness Awards ceremony at London's Tobacco Dock.
Over the past 27 years, the DBA Design Effectiveness Awards have built up a wealth of evidence that design is an economic force and source of global influence. Its impact is demonstrated in every business whose performance has been transformed by design, in every brand that has powered back into our lives on the back of design, in every innovation in public service that has seen quality improved, in every investment in smarter systems and processes, in supply chain impact, in jobs created, in manufacturing plants upgraded.
The DBA Design Effectiveness Awards attract case studies across the breadth of design disciplines and industry sectors. We see dying brands overhauled and turned into super-powers and new products taken from obscurity to household names. These awards demonstrate what is possible when the best business brains and the best design brains come together in a partnership that is focused on delivering tangible business benefit. When that happens, ambitions are realised, briefs are exceeded, targets are overshot, and, more importantly, business transformation is possible.
With the introduction this year of a third judging round, which consisted of a panel featuring CEO's from globally renowned businesses, the coveted Grand Prix trophy was awarded to HM government for their GREAT Britain campaign, designed by Radley Yeldar. The campaign successfully delivered £1.2 billion direct return to the economy, as well as 16% uplift in intention to both invest and visit the UK, whilst procurement of domestic products and services is up 12%.
Read Deborah Dawton's full speech from the ceremony.


Set amidst the beauty and tragedy of rural Mexico, Benjamin Moore's touching and compelling tale leads readers through the dark world of a traveling preacher's kid caught in a web of abject poverty and growing religious madness. Addicts often find the wounds of a traumatic childhood insurmountable, and few would challenge this author's right to join those ranks. Instead, we witness a man slowly coming to peace with the father who brutalized him and the inner demons that tried to crush his soul. Moore writes in an unpretentious and engaging style that opens us to the inner-workings of a young boy's troubled mind leading to the later tragedies of addiction. Without self-pity or judgment, he finds his homecoming by traveling the path of Truth that every addict must find and follow if he is to be set free.
TEARDROP HEADLIGHTS is beautiful, inspiring, deep, at times heartbreaking, and an overall lovely book. It tells the story of the author's unique childhood in the US and Mexico, sharing colorful details, which let us learn about the contrasts between American and Mexican cultures while making us think about some of the most important issues of Christianity and life, such as forgiveness, faith, love, and overcoming a devastating upbringing.In a very delicate and respectful way, TEARDROP HEADLIGHTS submerges the reader in the author's family life, led by a father who was a missionary pastor. While it does this, it takes the reader back in time into the author's own heart, mind, and soul, allowing us to experience some of his struggles and helping us understand the kinds of things that some people endure during childhood and in some cases perhaps, even helping the reader overcome his own struggles.
I am one of those persons.
Reading TEARDROP HEADLIGHTScaught me thinking about what having faith in God means and calls for; it helped me see things clearer, which I really appreciate. Benjamin Moore writes with perfect pace, suspense, and great insight, keeping his reader desiring to know what happened next until the end.
TEARDROP HEADLIGHTS is a miracle. I cry when I recognize miracles. Your book has changed my life and will change the lives of many others. Thank you for loving your story into a book.
Benjamin's book, Teardrop Headlights, swept me away. I read it very quickly. So moving, so much emotion, but paced and flowing. Though powerful with sad and angry feelings, it was not in sum an angry book, but a redemptive book. Revealing the life long journey back to wholeness and healing through the 12 steps, his support group, and God, his savior Jesus Christ.
I have had hurdles in my background as well, and really resonated with the complex journey to the reopening of his heart to Love: self, others, and God. I would highly recommend this book to everyone for we all journey through life.
Thank you, rachel. Beautiful review.


Whether photographing the misty vine covered slopes or the rolling surf coast, the varied delights of the Mornington Peninsula are endless.
Our photo tours will give you a wide range of photographic opportunities.
While reviewing your morning's adventure, feast at one of Australia's world famous wineries with our professional photographer guides, who are happy to share constructive input into your creative endeavours.
Breakfast at a local favourite picked for you by your guide (cost not inluded so your guide will help you choose based on your taste and budget).
Lunch at one of the Peninsulas iconic dining spots, made with the best local produce and views to match (cost not inluded so your guide will help you choose based on your taste and budget).
Full day, professionally guided photographic tour of the Mornington Peninsula.
Professional guidance and insight from your experienced photographic tour guide, including great local knowledge and shooting tips.
Self-drive to Mornington: Your photography tour guide will advise on where exactly to meet. Enjoy breakfast on the way down or wait for your tour guide to recommend some local favourites.
10.00am: Start your journey through Mornington Peninsula exploring hand picked photographic sites that vary according to the season and weather. Your guide will show you local hot spots and some treasured secrets, allowing you to get a diverse portfolio for the day that wouldn't be available to the unguided.
Lunch: While reviewing your morning's adventure, feast at a local culinary favourite with our professional photographer guides, who are happy to share constructive input into your creative endeavors.
if the flight is cancelled, the tour will still proceed regardless. Please refer to the tour's terms and conditions specifically. Failure to show to the tour will result in forfeiting your booking altogether.


text:
Home | What is Sequestration?
What is Sequestration?
Sequestration is applied to both discretionary and mandatory programs, though some programs (mostly mandatory ones) are exempt. For example, the discretionary and mandatory programs of the Department of Veterans Affairs are exempt, as are Social Security and unemployment benefits and many of the mandatory programs for low-income Americans, such as Medicaid, Child Nutrition Programs, and Federal Pell Grants.
First created in 1985, sequestration was designed to be a blunt instrument — whose arbitrary effects would be so undesirable that they would compel policymakers to reach compromise on budget legislation rather than allow the cuts to go into effect. Since then, sequestration has lost some of its deterrent effect. For example, after the "super committee"1 failed to agree on ways to achieve the $1.2 trillion in deficit savings mandated by the 2011 Budget Control Act, a sequester of FY 2013 discretionary budget authority was imposed. A sequester of non-exempt mandatory programs was also imposed first through FY 2021 and subsequently extended through FY 2025.
The failure of the super committee also led to additional reductions in the discretionary caps through FY 2021. Although these cap reductions are sometimes called "the sequester," they are not an OMB-implemented sequester. Instead, they simply reduce the top-line spending available for defense and non-defense discretionary programs, but lawmakers retain the ability to decide how to allocate the remaining resources among various accounts programs and activities.
1 The super committee was a special, bipartisan committee made up of members of the House and the Senate that was created by the Budget Control Act of 2011. It was charged with developing a 10-year deficit reduction plan.
PAYGO
Discretionary Spending Caps
More about other budget terms, rules, and processes:
Congressional Budget Resolution
Budget Window
Budget Reconciliation
Byrd Rule
Complex Budget Terms and Processes – and Why They Matter
Understanding what's happening on Capitol Hill requires an understanding of the Congressional budget process – which is notoriously technical, complex and arcane.
The Foundation provides a wide range of analysis, reports, and charts on fiscal and economic trends.
Mandatory Spending Is Growing over Time
Mandatory Spending Composition
What Is Fiscal Policy? Interactive Teaching Tools
Many Americans, young and old, may be confused by the complex set of issues that comprise how the government raises revenues and allocates them.
What is a Continuing Resolution?
A continuing resolution is a temporary funding measure that Congress can use to fund the federal government for a limited amount of time.
President's Budget Relies on Optimistic Economic Projections and Unlikely Spending Cuts
CBO: President's Budget Fails to Put Nation on Fiscally Sustainable Path


Creating a channel report can be a great asset in your reporting tools, allowing you analyzing your different channel performance in a blink of an eye. However, from our experience, this approach can be insufficient to grasp all the strategic challenges behind your results.
Managing online campaigns can be a tedious task. Save time and energy by leveraging the different integration tools available on Google SpreadSheet.


text:
Lee Lapin, 1948–2009, was a popular surveillance and espionage author, best known for his offbeat, grammatically questionable, yet information-rich instructional book series, How to Get Anything On Anybody. The series is published by Paladin Press, is now in its third revision, and is frequently included in library collections across North America.

Lapin reportedly lived on a small island off the coast of Marin County, California where, for relaxation, he raised wolves.

Lee Lapin was the nom de plume of Scott French.  He died January 11, 2009, at the home of his son in Colorado.

External links
How To Get Anything on Anybody Book 3

2009 deaths
1948 births

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Monday just keeps getting better. I heart Monday.
I heart this candy dish.
I heart this dump truck.
I heart this play set.
I heart this print (thanks for the home tour Design Sponge).
I heart this book so far (oh and the name...that is just a coincidence).
I heart this teak stool.
I heart my clock, even though it doesn't work. I set the time to reflect our wedding anniversary (thanks for the idea Stephanie) and I heart it even more.
It's raining and B is sick.


Wait, so salons use thinner in their polsih so the polish comes off faster? Scoundrels!
-and/or using a gel top coat sealed with the UV light.
But, isnt UV exposing bad on the hands ?
Yup! They recommend applying a lotion with SPF prior to putting your hands under the uv light. I guess once or twice wouldn't kill, but for those who get gel manis every two weeks, they should definitely be doing this!
I don't think they thin it so that it comes off faster, they thin it when it gets thick and to get more uses out of the product (when they should be buying new bottles). Good advice on using the SPF lotion Rece!! Never thought of that!!
Oh I love how it looks and i LOVE those shades of green too.


My family has always eaten a lot of fast food. I know, I know, it's bad.
I have always felt incredibly guilty. But, I have also always blamed a lot of it on my husband. He is not from the United States, and he eats completely differently than we do.
Since we got married 20 years ago, we have both always eaten separate meals and it didn't seem like a problem, I mean, we were both happy, so what did it matter? So, I never learned how to be the mom who cooks meals for her family, so when the kids came around, I stuck to what I knew, easy frozen dinners, or fast food.
Well, a few weeks ago my husband lost his job. With that, we decided to do some serious budgeting and the first thing to go was the eating out. We decided we would eat 3 meals a day as a family.
My kids, as I have talked about before are really picky eaters. So, this last few weeks have been a struggle getting them to eat with us, but they are coming around.
I was really excited when Clif Bar offered to let me review their "Clif Kid" product because I know that even if the kids don't eat their full meal that they will have a lot of nutrition from the bar.
They are made with organic ingredients, no high fructose corn syrup, and no trans fats.
There is nothing on the label in the ingredients that I don't recognize or can't pronounce.
So, now on to the taste test...my biggest fear..will my kids eat them?
Xander is still coming around, he is my most picky, he ate a half of a bar and said it was "good" but he is very used to overly processed foods.
Riley, on the other hand LOVES them, he has a snack drawer in the kitchen and after eating one bar he went and put the box in his drawer so that no one else could touch them.
Being picky, I love that he loves them, and will keep buying them. We are also going to try the original Clif Kid Zbar next time we go shopping.


By visiting this website, learning and following the 3Rs (Recognize, Retreat, Report) of Explosives Safety, you will help protect yourself, your family, friends and community from the potential dangers associated with the presence of munitions.
VISITING QUESTIONNAIRE FOR PROBATIONERS AND EX-FELONS READ CAREFULLY. Please PRINT or TYPE . The information requested will be used by officials of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department to determine whether your Application will be approved or disapproved. The information provided will be maintained in a file pertaining to the inmate.
Military Police Weapons This is a rapid action revision dated 6 November 2014 Includes the Commanding Generals Policy Letter (CG-02) guidance to declare firearms at Installation Access Control Points prior to installation entry. Clarifies requirements when transporting firearms in pick-up trucks.
SAWC VISITING SCHEDULE. Please note - Contraband: Idaho Code 18-2510 states that a person commits a crime by knowingly introducing or possessing contraband in a correctional facility.Contraband includes but is not limited to tobacco, cell phone(s) or telecommunication equipment, controlled/illegal substances, firearms or dangerous weapons, ammunition/explosives, and escape tools or devices.
Visitors age 13 years and older are required to show a current school photo identification card that includes their name, or a valid federal or state government-issued identification card before admission to the visiting area. Visitors under 18 years old, unless married to the offender, must be accompanied by an authorized adult visitor.
• No weapons, firearms, explosives, knives, mace, pepper spray or hazardous materials are allowed in the Capitol Complex buildings or surrounding grounds. • If you have a Commonwealth-issued photo identification or photo identification access badge, you will be required to present badges at the time of security screening.
Emergency Preparedness and Response | Safety and Health Guides - Secondary Explosive Devices Guide ... The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) requires employers to comply with hazard-specific safety and health standards. ... Thank you for visiting our site. Please click the button below to continue.
An Israeli explosives expert told the magazine: "The thing has absolutely nothing to do with the detection of explosives." When it was displayed at an arms and security fair in Beirut in April 2009, a visiting explosives expert described it as "one big fraud".
Business card template. Fireworks rockets sign icon. Explosive pyrotechnic device symbol. Phone, globe and pointer icons. Visiting card design.
Hello my friends! My name is Paaras! I am also known as Paarasclub172! If you're new here, this is my main channel. Thank you for visiting this channel.
Explosives Safety Family Housing Division FOIA Food Service Division Game Warden Geographic Info Systems ... Complete harvest information on Game Harvest Report Card and drop it in the harvest card box. Wash off the weigh station area for the next hunter.
Explosive Designs by Douglas T. Angram, in Memphis, TN, provides valuable freelance web design, ux design, front-end development, and problem solving solutions.
NICI VISITING SCHEDULE. Please note - Contraband: Idaho Code 18-2510 states that a person commits a crime by knowingly introducing or possessing contraband in a correctional facility.Contraband includes but is not limited to tobacco, cell phone(s) or telecommunication equipment, controlled/illegal substances, firearms or dangerous weapons, ammunition/explosives, and escape tools or devices.
Explosive devices (including homemade & large fireworks) will not be handled, transported or stored. Call WCCCA and request dispatch of the Oregon State Police or Portland Police Bureau Explosives Unit for evaluation or pickup.


MANSEHRA, Feb 6 (NP): Chairman Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), Imran Khan, on Friday announced his provincial government's war against timber mafia in KPK to save the environment. At a news conference, Khan, whose party rules KPK, announced a Green Policy, pledging to take action against patrons of timber mafia. "Anyone, including any politician, whatever his party affiliation, will be nabbed if found backing timber mafia. PTI acts on its commitments.
We will go for all those linked to timber mafia," Khan said, speaking to reporters alongside Chief Minister KPK Pervez Khattak. "First time so many senior officials in KP Forest Dept have been arrested by the govt. and several dismissed from service. Timber mafia has devastated KPK by cutting down trees worth over Rs 10 billion in 10 years," he told reporters. He announced to increase salaries of forest guards and appealed the Peshawar High Court chief justice to cooperate against timber mafia drive.
He said forest guards would be recruited from local people as without cooperation of the local, cutting of trees cannot be stopped. He said there is ban on the cutting of fallen tree while in the private forests, new saplings will have to be planted for cutting of trees. KPK Chief Minister said that tens of thousands of trees were cut during the previous regimes while his government took action against timber mafia. He said during his tenure, he would not allow the cutting of trees from government land.
He said the earnings from the forest would be spent for planting more saplings. Earlier on arrival in Mansehra, Imran was received by chief minister and party leaders. On the occasion he announced everything would be done on merit. He said audit of all the universities in KP is being done. He said if the Vice Chancellor was honest, the functioning of the university would improve.


The Introduction to Aircraft Appraisal course is ME201AS (Machinery and Equipment Aircraft Specialty), the first of four courses on aircraft specific appraisals required as part of the Accredited Member (AM) or Accredited Senior Appraiser (ASA) designation awarded by the American Society of Appraisers (ASA). The course will be taught by qualified College of Business faculty and industry professionals at the Embry-Riddle Daytona Beach campus. This course is designed to introduce participants to appropriate aircraft appraisal terminology, methods and concepts. The course also provides a foundation of principles of valuation and their applications to the appraisal of aircraft and aviation equipment. ME201AS will assist participants to broaden their skill set and enhance their career path and professional standing in aircraft appraisals, banking and finance and related fields.


text:
Q: No such file or directory at - Perl dead file closes program They want me to create a feed catalog, which is a table of all the jobs from
autosys and then all the infiles and outfiles that the jobs depend upon.
The idea is that, instead of calling my boss up at 3:00am when the job fails,
level one can match the failed job to a file, or vice versa, and hopefully
fix the issue.
The script takes in the autosys config file, takes out the executable line, substrings it,
opens up the file, and then regexes out a path line. It works fine except it gasses out
when it can't open up a file.
I am getting this error.
dead file handle No such file or directory at ./slurp_autosys_config.justexec2 line 10, <$autosys_fh> line 352.

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

open my $autosys_fh, '<', "/data/autosys-us.cfg" or die "can't open file $!";

while ( my $cfg_line = <$autosys_fh> ) {

   if ($cfg_line =~ /executable/) {

      my $cut_cfg_line = substr "$cfg_line", 13;

      if ( $cut_cfg_line =~ /(\/\S*\.[sh,pl,ksh])/ ) {

         chomp($cut_cfg_line);
         open my $fh_cut_cfg, '<', $cut_cfg_line or die "dead file handle $!";

         while ( my $path = <$fh_cut_cfg> ) {
            if ( $path =~ /(\"\/\S*)\"/ ) {
               print "$cut_cfg_line --->  $path";
               sleep 1;
            }
         }
      }
   }
}

This is the results. It is what I want
walt@host:~/walt $ ./slurp_autosys_config.justexec2
/data/adp/UBSS/adploggerUBSS.sh.new --->  DIR="/data/scripts"
/data/evtUSBUCgediLoader.sh --->  $out="/data/px";
/data/evtUSBUCgediLoader.sh ---> $in="/data/infile";
/data/cboe_xml_hack_check.pl --->      my $xml="/data/C4symbolgroupdefconfig.xml";
/data/cboe_xml_hack_check.pl --->      my $xml="/data/qedefconfig.xml";
/data/WebDownloads/getCBOE_BC_csv.pl --->  my $reallysave   =    "/data/BCALLCLASSES.csv";
/data/WebDownloads/getCBOE_BC_csv.pl --->  my $save   =    "/data/CBOE_BC.csv";
/data/WebDownloads/getCBOE_BC_csv.pl --->  my $output_file="/data/CBOE_BC.csv";
/data/WebDownloads/getCBOE_BC_csv.pl --->  system("/data/CBOE_BC_Checker.pl");
/data/dbscripts/getCBOE_BC.pl --->      my $bc_file = "/data/CBOE_BC.csv";
/data/dbscripts/getCBOE_BC.pl --->      my $bc_file = "/data/C2_BC.csv";
/data/dbscripts/getCBOE_BC.pl --->      my $bc_file = "/data/CBOE_BC.csv";
/data/dbscripts/getCBOE_BC.pl --->      my $bc_file = "/data/C2_BC.csv";
/data/WebDownloads/CBOE_restricted.pl --->  $compliance_dir="/data/compliance";
/data/WebDownloads/CBOE_restricted.pl --->  $puc_file="/data/Restricted.csv";
/data/WebDownloads/CBOE_restricted.pl --->  $final_file="/data/Restricted.csv";
/data/WebDownloads/CBOE_restricted.pl --->  #$second_file="/data/ISERestricted.csv";
/data/checkClosingPrices.pl --->  $pxdir="/db/irdb/px";

dead file handle No such file or directory at ./slurp_autosys_config.justexec2 line 10, <$autosys_fh> line 352.

When I check for this file - file 352 - I can't open up the file. There is nothing in it.

*

*How do I make the program run if there is an empty file?

*How do I keep track of the empty files?

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

open my $autosys_fh, '<', "/data/autosys-us.cfg" or die "can't open file $!";

while (my $cfg_line = <$autosys_fh>) {
   if ($cfg_line =~ /executable/) {
      print "$. $cfg_line";
   }
}

This is the troubleshoot results - it is a dead file.
 walt@host:~/walt $ ./cont-executable | head -22 | tail -2
 352 executable = /data/checkClosingPrices.v2.pl
 365 executable = /data/cboe_quote_rate_check.sh
 walt@host:~/walt $
 walt@host:~/walt $ cat  /data/checkClosingPrices.v2.pl
 cat: /data/checkClosingPrices.v2.pl: No such file or directory
 walt@host:~/walt $i

A: This should work for you. It fixes an error in your first regex ( [sh,pl,ksh] matches only a single character and is the same as [,hklps] ) and warns and continues if any of the files can't be opened.
use strict;
use warnings;

open my $autosys_fh, '<', '/data/autosys-us.cfg' or die "Can't open autosys config file: $!";

while ( <$autosys_fh> ) {

   next unless /executable/;

   chomp;
   my $cut = substr $_, 13;
   next unless $cut =~ m{ / \S* \. (?: sh | pl | ksh ) }x;

   open my $cut_fh, '<', $cut or do {
      warn qq{Can't open file "$cut": $!};
      next;
   };

   while ( <$cut_fh> ) {
      next unless m{ "/ \S* " }x;
      my $path = $_;
      print "$cut ---> $path";
      sleep 1;
   }
}


Content Hub includes a RESTful API that you can use to create, read, update, and delete content.
Using the API, you can source content from anywhere and then connect and use that content with your many websites, native mobile applications, or other digital experiences—all while maintaining data integrity and security. You can use the API to also build custom applications that publish, update, and consume content, and then render that content natively.
For information about the other APIs available to Acquia Lift subscribers, see Using the Acquia Lift APIs.
For complete documentation, see the Content Hub API reference.
replacing [example.com] with the Content Hub API URL provided by your Acquia technical contact.
Content Hub also includes a PHP SDK, the Content Hub Client for PHP, which you can download.
Content Hub API calls are authenticated using HMAC, a shared-secret cryptography method where signatures are generated on the client side and validated by the server to authenticate the request.
When receiving a webhook request from Content Hub, an application like Drupal should use HMAC to verify the authenticity of the request in order to ensure it comes from the same Content Hub server that the application normally communicates with. This prevents malicious servers sending requests to the application and modifying data. To verify the request, Content Hub and each application that is registered on Content Hub share a secret key, which is used to verify the signature of any incoming web request (or webhook). When an application registers and receives a webhook for the first time, the shared secret will be missing. In this situation, the application should immediately contact Content Hub to request the shared secret, and store this in a variable for future use.
Content Hub relies on HTTPS to encrypt data. To ensure the security of your data, we recommend using HTTPS on your Drupal website.
You can use the Content Hub Client for PHP to register with Content Hub and authenticate your API calls.
Before using any API calls, you must register with Content Hub, or you will receive an error message in response.
Content Hub website name - Set by you when you configure the Acquia Content Hub Connector.
To register with Content Hub, use the register API call. Prior to registration, the origin can be set to any value. When you register for the first time, you will receive a paired origin UUID and client name that you must use in your subsequent requests (any other API call).
After your client is registered, all other API calls are open to you using that registered origin. You can test registration by doing any query to any other API function (and using your origin in the requests) and ensuring that it works.
After you are registered, you can use this as your client ID, which should not expire. If you use other methods of registration (such as getClientByName()), these may expire, and cause unexpected errors.
Content Hub API commands require authentication using both an API key and a secret key. For information about how to review your Content Hub keys, see Profiles API reference.
In addition to your originally provisioned keys, commands may require particular permissions for an API key. By default, all API keys have every permission for each method in the Content Hub API. However, you can obtain keys that have only limited permissions if, for example, you have users who need to be able to create content, but you do not want them to be able to delete it. If you need API keys with customized permissions, contact Acquia support.


text:
Life at IEE-ULB
Current: All IEE-ULB events and our take on the European agenda
Alumni, student life
IEE Mentoring Thursday on EU careers hosted at the European Parliament
Organized byInstitut d'études européennes of the ULB in collaboration with IEE Alumnus Bogdan Deleanu
@European Parliament
The IEE-ULB Mentoring Thursdays are back this February 9th, from 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. at the European Parliament in Brussels.
Organized byInstitut d'études européennes of the ULB in coordination with IEE Alumnus Bogdan Deleanu
Alumni, Eyes on Europe, SAIES, student life
Mentoring session: Finding a job in EU Affairs in Brussels
Organized bySAIES & Eyes on Europe with the support of the IEE
@Institut d'études européennes, 39 Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 1050 (Room Spaak)
Dan Luca (IEE- class of 1998) will provide students with a detailed presentation on the EU job market in Brussels, plus tips and tricks on how to find a job in EU affairs. Seats are limited!
EU-Japan Forum 2023
Organized byCo-organized by the Institut d'études européennes of the Université libre de Bruxelles and Waseda University
@Institut d'études européennes de l'ULB - 39 Avenue Roosevelt B-1050 Bruxelles
Scheduled contributions for the 2023 EU-Japan Forum will include panels be in the fields of Comparative Politics , International Relations, EU Studies and Law.
Conferences, Research
Towards an institutional re-embedding of European market society?
Organized byNathalie Brack - CEVIPOL Axe Europe in collaboration with the IEE-ULB
@IEE-ULB | 39 avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 1050. | Campus Solbolsch - ULB | Room Spaak & Microsoft Teams
Visiting researcher Sven Schreurs (EUI) will present the seminar Towards an institutional re-embedding of European market society? Demand, legitimacy and ideas of EU social policy.
The New EU Electoral Law, a Milestone for Paneuropean Democracy
Organized byInstitut d'études européennes of the ULB
Mr. Domènec Ruiz Devesa, MEP, will present the main political and legal novelties of the European Parliament's Proposal for a new Council Regulation on the election of the Members of the European Parliament by direct universal suffrage. A panel with Professors Pascal Delwit, Jean Benoit Pilet, Emilie Van Haute and Julio Baquero Cruz will follow.
Crossed Views on the Digital Service Marketplace in Japan and in Europe
Organized byResearch Center for Comparative Consumer Law and Policy in the Digital Society (Doshisha University, Kyoto) and the Centre Perelman (University of Brussels, ULB)
@IEE-ULB, room Kant | 39 avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 1050. | Campus Solbolsch - ULB
On March 27, 2023, the Institut d'études européennes of the ULB hosts the international conference "Crossed Views on the Digital Service Marketplace in Japan and in Europe".
The Jurisprudence of Constitutional Conflict in the European Union
Organized byCentre de droit européenn de l'ULB & Institut d'études européennes de l' ULB
@Solbosch Campus ULB - Room to be confirmed
Following the publication of her new book « The Jurisprudence of Constitutional Conflict in the European Union » (OUP, 2022), the Centre de droit européen and the Institut d'études européen of the Université libre de Bruxelles are pleased to welcome Ana Bobić.