text:
Jesse Kudler
Saturday - 8:00pm (ET)
Bowerbird is pleased to present a double bill featuring Seattle's Telescoping and Philadelphia's Jesse Kudler. Telescoping is a quartet of Dave Abramson (drums, percussion), Al Jones (guitars, electronics, voice), Greg Kelley (trumpet, electronics), and Robert Millis (guitars) that performs "dense, nocturnal improvised music." Jesse Kudler will be premiering a new site-specific work developed on and for the pipe organ of University Lutheran's sanctuary.
Telescoping is an electroacoustic improvising quartet formed in early 2020 in Seattle & the Olympic Peninsula. Consisting of Dave Abramson (Diminished Men, Spider Trio, MMOB – drums, percussion,) Al Jones (Marginal Frequency, MANKINDA – guitars, pedal steel, electronics, voice,) Greg Kelley (nmperign, Heathen Shame – trumpet, electronics) & Robert Millis (Climax Golden Twins, Sublime Frequencies, Idol Ko Si – guitars, electronics,) the group's initial collaboration started in isolation in the nascent days of the COVID-19 pandemic. They recorded a self-titled album from their respective quarantine studios which Noise Not Music called "dense, nocturnal improvised music" that is "gorgeous, masterfully constructed, and essential listening for anyone feeling any of the following: confused, frightened, bored, sad, alone." Further recording took place in an abandoned generator building on Bainbridge Island in the Puget Sound in April of 2020, after which Kelley relocated back to his native Massachusetts. Abramson and Jones released duo material under the name What earlier this year on the Eiderdown Records label thus continuing the trajectory that brings the quartet back together for a string of East Coast dates in late September/early October 2022.
Jesse Kudler is a musician, composer, performer, and sound artist using improvisation, collaboration, and site-specificity to examine authorship, intention, agency, ambiguous affects, and modes and practices of listening. He works with guitar, electronics, recordings, keyboards, synthesizers, radios, tapes, movement, and text.
This is an "in person" event. In consideration of the ongoing pandemic and the safety of those in our community, Bowerbird is requiring all audience members, staff, and performers to wear a mask while inside the venue (please note that musicians will have the option to perform without masks once on stage).
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What will you find when you go beyond fun? You'll find Los Angeles, with its non-stop sunshine, shopping, theme parks and pop culture.
The weather's amazing, there's so much to do and people smile - a lot! They're smiling because Los Angeles thrives on living in the moment and maximising fun at every opportunity.
Mindful enjoyment is LA's number one mission. Whether you're sauntering down Malibu Pier, hiking in the Hollywood Hills or flying the Hippogriff at Universal Studios, when you're in LA there's nowhere else you'd rather be. And where you stay adds to the fun – the hotels and resorts are often as captivating as the entertainment possibilities.
Dusty loves looking after our passengers on flights between New Zealand and Los Angeles. Here are the tips she passes on whenever she gets a chance.
"The Venice Beach Walk is Southern California's most-loved visitor attraction. It's like a non-stop circus of street performers, as well as an ever-changing shopping and food destination. Bike it or hike it - but definitely do it!"
"Mel's Drive-in is an LA institution - frequented by locals, celebrities and tourists who are in the know. There's no better place to order a stack of pancakes, a waffle sundae or a tray of sliders. Wash it all down with the best milkshake you've ever tasted."
"On the eastside of LA, Echo Park Lake is literally an oasis - once upon a time it was a drinking water reservoir. Today it's a beautiful place to hire a crazy paddle boat and see some sights, including an amazing view of downtown LA."
"The Disney Concert Hall keeps culture-lovers entertained with a non-stop programme of contemporary, classical, jazz and world music. Big names appear here, like Itzhak Perman, Moby and Herbie Hancock. The hall itself is a massive photo opportunity - designed by Frank Gehry, it's like nothing you've ever seen before."
"Abbot Kinney Boulevard in Venice is where you'll find one-of-a-kind boutiques, galleries and lots of interesting places to eat and drink. From end to end, it's a hip urban wonderland. While you're in the area, check out the Venice Canals. Created in 1905, they're a replica of the canals in Venice Italy."
When people first started surging into Los Angeles, they had freedom on their minds. Today there are around four million free-thinking individuals doing their bit to develop this city's colourful, unstoppable personality. LA is a city of dreams, for those who want to be stars, and it's a city of excitement, energy and fun, for those who want a really memorable holiday. As some wise traveller once said, California is always a good idea.
LA is the spiritual home of the day spa, so you can detox and de-stress to your heart's delight.
While Los Angeles is a famously high-energy place, packed with people who are unembarrassed about self-promotion, it's also a destination for relaxation and renewal. You just have to pick the right experiences, such as a day at Catalina Island or a journey into Santa Barbara wine country. And of course LA is the spiritual home of the day spa, so you can detox and de-stress to your heart's delight.
When you're doing LA as a family, don't feel that Disneyland is the be-all and end-all. It's still there, pulling in the crowds, but there are many other family-oriented destinations to build into your itinerary. If your kids have never seen a flock of flamingos, take them to Los Angeles Zoo and Botanical Gardens. If they want to see stars, take them to the Griffith Observatory. And if they're obsessed with ancient animals, the La Brea Tar Pits will have them spellbound.
Los Angeles is one of the sunniest cities in the USA, with an average of 284 sunshine days a year. It's always a good time to visit.
Not including air travel and hotels, you should allow about USD $150 to $200 a day per person for food and entertainment.
There are no vaccination requirements for visitors to the United States.
If you're travelling on a New Zealand passport you won't need a visa, but you will need an ESTA (Electronic System for Travel Authorisation). More about USA entry requirements.


text:
Intel Canada names a new leader
Denis Gaudreault is the new country manager for Intel Canada
Well the search for a new leader for Intel Canada did not take long at all. And, the man hired to replace Graham Palmer wasn't too far either.
The chip making giant has promoted Denis Gaudreault to the role of Country Manager. Gaudreault was based in Montreal and has been working for Intel Canada for 16 years.
He was recently the worldwide director of government and education vertical team. In this role, Gaudreault was responsible for managing the Canadian government and large enterprise businesses in the country.
Prior to that, Gaudreault lead the US Federal business.
The Montreal University graduate is planning on relocating to Toronto for this new opportunity.
Intel Canada leader going back home
CDN's Top 25 Newsmakers of 2015 – No 16: Graham Palmer
As previously reported Intel Canada country manager Graham Palmer is leaving the Canadian market after three-and-half years on the job.
CDN learned from sources that Palmer is heading back to the U.K. and will stay with Intel in another role.
He was the country manager of Intel in the U.K. and Ireland before he took on the same role in Canada.
A search has started for Palmer's replacement and a source close to the situation said that they will be looking for outside candidates. Intel tends to promote from within.
Graham Palmer
Palmer's tenure at Intel Canada will be a very memorable one. He made himself very visible through the channel ecosystem and the entire IT industry in Canada.
At Intel Canada he led the charge in driving a new strategic direction for the chip making giant. Palmer focus energies on two-in-ones, tablets and data centres along with Intel's traditional strengths in desktops and servers. He also pushed the Canadian operation towards the trillion-dollar opportunity in the Internet of Things.
But maybe his biggest impact was on re-engaging the channel back on the PC refresh at a time when solution providers moved on mass to the cloud.
He told CDN, in a previous interview, there is a great opportunity to drive another hardware refresh that goes beyond Windows XP.
Palmer educated channel partners saying 32 per cent of the current install base around the world is four years or older. Collectively this group of servers consume approximately 65 per cent energy. "With a refresh these customers can see huge energy saves and massive performance improvements," he said.
He also did not give up on the desktop space despite declining returns. Palmer said there a lot of innovation happening in the desktop area. "The desktop PC is not dying. There are four areas of growth within desktops and all based on new types of form factors such as the MiniDT, All-in-Ones, portable All-in-Ones and the gaming enthusiast segment."
During his time in the Canadian market, Palmer was recognized three times from CDN as Top 25 Newsmaker for the year.
Tags: canadaIntelLeadershipmicroprocessorspc refresh
Author: Paolo Del Nibletto
Editor of Computer Dealer News, covering Canada's IT channel community.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
  Arras-en-Lavedan est
       un village
       localisé dans le département des Hautes-Pyrénées en Midi-Pyrénées. Elle comptait 521 habitants en 2008.

Si vous envisagez de emmenager à Arras-en-Lavedan, vous pourrez aisément trouver une maison à vendre.

À coté de Arras-en-Lavedan sont positionnées géographiquement les communes de
Préchac à 4 km, 194 habitants,
Sère-en-Lavedan à 3 km, 73 habitants,
Gez à 2 km, 261 habitants,
Ouzous à 4 km, 193 habitants,
Adast localisée à 4 km, 244 habitants,
Arcizans-Dessus à 2 km, 101 habitants,
 entre autres. De plus, Arras-en-Lavedan est située à seulement treize km de Lourdes.

La commune propose de multiples  équipements sportifs, elle propose entre autres un terrain de tennis, un terrain de sport et deux boucles de randonnée.

Le parc de logements, à Arras-en-Lavedan, était réparti en 2011 en 51 appartements et 299 maisons soit
 un marché relativement équilibré.

À Arras-en-Lavedan, le prix moyen à la vente d'un appartement s'évalue à zero € du m² en vente. La valeur moyenne d'une maison à l'achat se situe à 2 622 € du m². À la location la valeur moyenne se situe à 0 € du m² mensuel.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: LXC - Linux Containers - Add new network interface without restarting Searching on google, there's only way to add new network interface is adding to config file. Is there any lxc command that we can add lively, (don't need to restart the container)?
The page mentioned how to add second network interface: http://box.matto.nl/lxctwonics.html
Thanks!

A: It would very much depend on the configuration of the interface you're trying to add to the container.
If you have an existing interface on your host which you want to be visible inside the container:
# on the host:
pid=$(lxc-info -pHn foobar)
ip link set dev eth3 netns $pid name eth1

This will cause your host's eth3 interface to be moved to the container foobar, renamed to eth1. This is roughly equal to this configuration:
lxc.network.type=phys
lxc.network.link=eth3
lxc.network.name=eth1

Another useful scenario would be to create a new interface inside the container, bridged to an existing bridge on the host:
# on the host:
pid=$(lxc-info -pHn foobar)
ip link add name veth0 type veth peer name veth0_container
brctl addif br0 veth0
ip link set dev veth0_container netns $pid name veth0

This will create a pair of connected virtual-ethernet interfaces (veth0 and veth0_container), add one of them to the br0 bridge, and move the other into the container foobar. This is roughly equivalent to this configuration:
lxc.network.type=veth
lxc.network.link=br0
lxc.network.name=veth0

A: Thread very helpful, but I had to set the created link up to make container access to the network:
Before:(ip link)
11: veth0@if10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop master vmbr0 state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:f1:f9:5a:5c:ae brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 1

Set the link up:
ip link set dev veth0 up

After:(ip link)
11: veth0@if10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master vmbr0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 42:f1:f9:5a:5c:ae brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 1

A: Like @Leahkim I also had to UP the device, but furthermore assign a static IP from within the container:
ifconfig veth0 add 192.168.18.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 up

You could probably use a dhcp client at this point as well, but this wasnt available for me.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
And here are my own newly-published books of the year for the series Books of 2012:-
Book of the Year: Robert Caro's The Passage of Power:-
The fourth volume of his extraordinary biography of LBJ, and one of the great story-telling achievements of our age. This is the most dramatic to date, covering Kennedy's assassination and Johnson's assumption of the Presidency, but the immense first volume, covering LBJ's early political years in Texas, is just as thrilling.
Selina Guinness: The Crocodile by the Door - the story of a house, a farm and a family. Here's our review.
Michael Gorra: Portrait of a Novel: Henry James and the Making of an American Masterpiece. An elegant and beautifully-achieved account of one of English literature's greatest novels.
Jeanette Winterson: Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal? Storytelling that is painful and funny. Also, a passionate defence of the power of literature.
Thomas Newkirk: The Art of Slow Reading. Thoughtful meditation on the nature of reading, and on teaching English.
Alan Jacobs: The Pleasures of Readingin an Age of Distraction. Our review here.
Belinda McKeon: Solace. Our review here.
Keith Ridgway: Hawthorn and Child. Innovative and haunting. Read John Self's review on his blog here.
Roddy Doyle: Two Pints. Two middle-aged men sit in a pub once a week and spout about life. It could be terrible. But it's not. It's seriously funny.
Kevin Barry: Dark Lies the Island. The second book of short stories from the new shooting star of Irish literature. Here's our review of the award-winning 'Beer Trip to Llandudno'. The rest are very different. Barry has quite a range.
Donna Leon: Beastly Things. Simply, always pleasurable. Leon's Brunetti detective series maintains its high standard, and in recent years she's expanded her concerns well beyond those of genre fiction.
Gerbrand Bakker: The Detour. All the virtues of Bakker's award-winning The Twin are evident here too: the calm clarity of the prose (again beautifully translated from the Dutch by David Colmer), the underlying sense of unease, the narrative grip of a story in which, on the surface, not much seems to happen.
Teju Cole: Open City. Our review here.
[Books first published in hardback or paperback in 2012].
Labels: Biography, Book recommendations, Books of 2012, Fiction
TES Christmas Star!
SCC English is one of the Times Educational Supplement 'Christmas Stars' ... check out our TES resources here.
"SCC English has shared more than 70 post-16 English resources that include some truly creative revision podcasts, word clouds and video analyses of exam texts including Macbeth and The Great Gatsby. Their username has become synonymous with top quality resources that are engaging and academically rigorous. Check out his King Macbeth podcast and his Hamlet soliloquies Wordle."
'The Art of Fielding'
What was your Book of 2012? Fill in our survey here - we'll be blogging responses leading up to Christmas.
@LucyAughney chose Chad Harbach's The Art of Fielding:
Amusing, literary, earnest novel about young people finding their way in college and life, and the baseball scenes are thrilling even to a non baseball fan.
Labels: Book recommendations, Books of 2012, Fiction
'Indian Horse' and more
@chrysalis57 chose Indian Horse by Richard Wagamese:
1. Literature should provoke an emotional reaction - this novel did that more than any other I've read in years - anger, empathy, sadness, joy - Indian Horse has it all.
2. The language - Richard's prose is beautiful and lyrical.
Teachcmb56 went for Katherine Boo's Beyond the Beautiful Forevers:
Following in the new form of fiction/non-fiction. I was the "fly on the wall" watching this Mumbai neighborhood ... could not escape, and I did not want to until the end.
Barney - The Sisters Brothers by Patrick deWitt:
It was a fantastic book which kept hold of me from the very start. It had everything you would want from a book. It had action, drama, comedy, fleshed out characters and twists and turns you would never of expected. It was made me actually care a great deal about what happened to the characters and the ending was fantastic. It ended the book so well. I would highly recommend it to everyone as it would appeal to everyone.
And three anonymous recommendations:
The Song of Achilles by Madeline Miller - Beautifully written love story.
Out of My Mind by Sharon Draper - A beautiful tale of how every student has potential and what happens when we fail to recognize it.
Mr Penumbra's 24-hour Bookstore by Robin Sloan - Clever clever clever!
Labels: Book recommendations, Books of 2012
Folger Shakespeare Resources
The Folger Shakespeare Library has announced that its editions of 12 of Shakespeare's best-known plays are being made available free of charge digitally (together with their full source-code), and that the rest of the plays will follow next year:
Users can read the plays online, download PDFs for offline reading, search for keywords within a single play or the whole corpus, and navigate by act, scene, line, or the new Folger throughline numbers. Every word, space, and piece of punctuation has its own place online
Plays are also displayed with the same page numbers as in the Folger Shakespeare Library print editions to allow the two to be easily used together in classrooms.
The Folger Library has lots of other helpful resources for teachers and pupils too.
Labels: English Teaching, Shakespeare
Macmillan Dictionary Love English Awards
We'd be delighted to get your votes for the 2012 Macmillan Dictionary Love English Awards (blog section). You can vote here once a day until midnight on Monday 21st January (go to 'See Entries and Vote'). Thanks!
'Home' & 'The Girl...'
@simonmlewis chose Bill Bryson's Home: a short history of private life:
I love Bill Bryson's narrative style. I love the way he can't help going off in tangents and this book about the rooms in his house gave him lots of freedom to deviate from describing the history of particular rooms to bizarre factoids and stories from American and English history. The book could have been twice as long and I still would have enjoyed it.
@acuparia went for the spectacularly named The Girl Who Circumnavigated Fairyland in a Ship of Her Own Making, by Catherynne M. Valente:
This beautiful creation will be the source of a new generation's fairytales...
'Dark Lies the Island' & 'The Orphan Master's Son'
@rozzlewis chose Dark Lies the Island by Kevin Barry (see our review of one of the stories here):
Kevin is the new master of the Irish short story. His work demands performance. He writes in such a unique and comic way about everyday lives in awful places in Ireland. The people are mostly horrid, his stories are incredibly dark and end with an ultra non-epiphany. I don't usually reread books but have read and read his stories over and over.
@endaconneely went for The Orphan Master's Son, by Adam Johnson:
A fantastic insight into the reality of life behind the DMZ written by a man who has spent a lot of time behind it. Also, the best caricature of The Dear Leader since Team America!
'Behind the Beautiful Forevers'
@literacyadviser chose a book often mentioned in the press surveys, Katherine Boo's Behind the Beautiful Forevers: life, death and hope in a Mumbai undercity :
This was possibly the best book I read in 2012 because it provides a powerful evocation of the differences between the 'haves' and the 'have-nots' in one of the world's emerging economic powerhouses - India. Although listed as 'reportage' the book reads like a novel and the characters are beautifully drawn.
'The Return'
In her recent English Transition Year exam, Ally Boyd Crotty wrote a story under the title 'The Return'.
It starts:
You sit across the aisle from me. One leg crossed, over the other. Your hands are clasped between your thighs. You seem cold. You shiver and look out the window, as if at nothing.
I only noticed you as we were queuing to board. Your khaki uniform stood out and the colour almost shone into my eyes. I couldn't help but notice the two tickets in your bag - inward and outward journey. Two six-hour flights both on the same day? Only four hours apart? You must be going to see someone.
Read what happened next here.
Labels: Creative writing, Essays by pupils
'The Submarine', December 2012
Open publication - Free publishing - More books
The December 2012 edition of the Library magazine The Submarine has just been published, and you can read it online above (click for a closer look, and again for closer still, and navigate through the arrows).
Mr McConville, the editor and Librarian, discusses in his editorial two new books from members of staff, A Neutron Walks into a Bar (Mr Jones) and the new translation of The Islander (Dr Bannister), and indeed later on the latter reviews the former (and then the Librarian reviews the latter...)
There are also articles by Mr Swift (difficulties with reading via Kindle), Madeleine Armstrong (responding in exasperation to a spam email), Nyla Jamieson (reviewing The Art of Racing in the Rain by Garth Stein), and by Mr McCarthy (detective fiction), as well as our own review of Selina Guinness's fine book The Crocodile by the Door. There are poems by Quirin v Blomberg and Iyobasa Bello-Asemota, and also the What's Reading Me and What's Writing Me features, as well as a list of some of the new books in the Library this term.
Labels: Book recommendations, Library, The Submarine
'Don't Let's Go to the Dogs Tonight' & 'Sing You Home'
Cathie Cahill chose Alexandra Fuller's memoir, Don't Let's Go to the Dogs Tonight:
Beautifully written, poignant, funny, fascinating account of a Rhodesian childhood with eccentric parents.
@gillmac went for Jodi Picoult's Sing You Home :
Stunning story, well written. Its characters stuck with me afterwards.
'City of Bohane' and more
@allprops crammed in four books ...
Salvage the Bones by Jesmyn Ward; City of Bohane by Kevin Barry; Pure by Julianna Baggott ; A Land More Kind Than Home by Wiley Cash:-
A wonderfully dark, resolute warning for a dark resolute age. Each narrator adds to the
layers of evil that permeate this book. The Pastor is as nasty and brutish as any Claudius or Iago.
'The Passage of Power'
John Fanagan chooses The Passage of Power by Robert A. Caro:-
It is the fourth and penultimate volume of what is the best biography I have ever read. Its subject, President Lyndon Johnson, was a deeply flawed political figure, president by accident when Kennedy was assassinated. Yet he achieved more than any president in history in his great civil rights reforms. Indeed the election of Barack Obama might be said to be his political legacy. The Passage of Power deals with Johnson's miserable three years as Kennedy's vice-president up to the day of his first State of the Union address two months after becoming president. His assured assumption of power, and how he immediately set to work using it, was astonishing. You will not read a better book this year.
Labels: Biography, Book recommendations, Books of 2012
'The Yellow Birds'
@gutterbookshop chose The Yellow Birds by Kevin Powers, winner of the Guardian First Book Award recently (hear him discuss the novel on a podcast here):
I read this over the Summer and was blown away by the raw honesty of Powers' writing. An unflinching portrayal of what young soldiers go through in modern warfare and the psychological effects it has on them when they return to 'normality', this is a stunning piece of writing that stays with you long after you've finished reading it.
'The Selfish Giant'
This morning, Mr Girdham read Oscar Wilde's fairy-tale 'The Selfish Giant' in Chapel. Here's the full story.
'Jammy Dodger', 'The New Kings of Non-Fiction'
@Elaine_Dobbyn went for Ira Glass's collection The New Kings of Non-Fiction:
A brilliant collection of fascinating non-fiction articles.
Rachel Jones chose Jammy Dodger by Kevin Smith:
By a mile the best book I read this year, a hilariously funny satire about two guys trying to run a poetry magazine in Belfast. Lots of wisecracks about poetry but also about life in general, with some fabulous descriptive passages and a very convincing love story thrown in. This was recommended to me by a friend and to be honest I didn't like the sound of it but once I started reading I couldn't put it down. Comic fiction that will really cheer you up.
We're delighted to feature in the finalists list in the international Edublog Awards for 2012 - as Best Group Blog (which we won in 2008), Best Class Blog and Best Use of Videos and Media in Education (for our series on key moments in Macbeth - 'Macbeth w ShowMe App).
We're also delighted that the College's science Frog Blog is a finalist as Best Teacher Blog for Mr Humphrey Jones and Best Ed Tech Blog.
Voting continues until Sunday 9th December, via the links above, or the badges on the right, or through this single link.
'Don't Let's Go to the Dogs Tonight' & 'Sing You H...


text:
Mayhem ensues at Canadian race track on its first day re-opened
Toronto Motorsports Park started the season with crashes, fistfights and a car fire
by ALEX REID
Source: https://driving.ca/chevrolet/auto-news/news/mayhem-ensues-at-canadian-race-track-on-its-first-day-re-opened
As part of Ontario's re-opening following months of COVID-19 lockdowns, the province is allowing people to take part in individual outdoor recreational sports.
That means drivers who want to take to race tracks like Toronto Motorsports Park (TMP), also known as Cayuga for its location roughly two hours west of Toronto, have finally been given the all clear—yes!
It seems all the street racing that's been occurring during quarantine has given people a taste for the real thing, and prompted quite a few enthusiasts to take their vehicles to the track like responsible racers.
Except the shenanigans they may have seen or taken part in on the streets weren't left behind — they followed the drivers to Cayuga.
Shae Walker photos.
Photos and videos from people who attended TMP's first open track day of the season show a scene of absolute mayhem, with multiple car crashes and reckless racing.
Several drivers pulled off unsafe passes and showed off other bad track etiquette, and there was even a fistfight, which broke social distancing rules, obviously. Even drivers on their best behaviour got stung: the owner of a C7-gen Chevrolet Corvette Z06 responsibly pulling off solo laps later saw his car burn to the ground in the parking lot, as seen in one video posted to Instagram.
TMP administrators were eventually compelled to issue a statement regarding the misconduct on track.
It should go without saying that a bunch of kids with Subarus and BMWs probably aren't going to have as much talent as Senna around a track, but it's incredible to see toxic car culture boiled down into a few hours so perfectly — and on the season's first track day! We could see a whole summer of disaster.
We also feel it prudent to say most insurance companies in Ontario do not like when you take your car to the track, and sometimes have specific policies prohibiting racing. So if you plan to take your car racing, remember you may not be covered for any crashes or damage.


skulls with swords Free PicturesThe common feature of these skulls animations are swords that appear next to them, lending a medieval epic touch to these images.
Keep at your computer all gifs skulls with swords of Skulls compressed into a ZIP file.
Do you like this gif of skulls with swords?
Free skulls with swords Animated gifs to download. If you are looking for skulls with swords animated images to a website, a job, a PowerPoint presentation, you're writing an entry for your blog about skulls with swords, here are all the images you want. Illustrations, charts, photographs and animated videos of the subject. Use your imagination to use these animated gifs in the funniest way skulls with swords to express your emotions in a WhatsApp conversation, email, or in the social network you use, that way your texts will be more enriched. In medieval fantasy stories, sometimes appeared skulls strung in swords, and it was a warning sign for visitors and outsiders of a kingdom. These skulls belong to warriors who died in battle, and on his head has been cruelly nailed one or more blades. These symbols of skulls with knives and daggers are quite terrifying.


"We know pumpkin beers aren't for everyone, but much to our surprise, our non barrel-conditioned version, Punkt, may be our fastest selling new beer ever," co-owner Lenny Kolada said in an email. "We tapped it earlier this month and we may not have it on tap by Halloween. We're hoping to serve Banshee exclusively on nitro. What we're shooting for is bourbon infused whipped cream on top of rich pumpkin pie. Of course, as always, we aren't quite sure what we've got until we tap it!"


text:
Bror Herman Kenneth Lindmark, född 11 april 1949 i Skellefteå landsförsamling i Västerbottens län, död 18 december 2019, var en svensk militär.

Biografi
Lindmark avlade sjöofficersexamen vid Sjökrigsskolan 1972 och utnämndes samma år till löjtnant i flottan, där han tjänstgjorde på motortorpedbåt under tio år, bland annat på T56. Han befordrades till kapten 1975 och till örlogskapten 1983. Efter att ha gått Stabskursen på Marinlinjen vid Militärhögskolan tjänstgjorde han vid staben hos Kustflottan. År 1988 befordrades han till kommendörkapten, varefter han var fartygschef på korvetten Stockholm 1988–1990 och chef för 10. kustkorvettdivisionen vid 1. ytattackflottiljen 1989–1990. Under andra hälften av 1990-talet var han placerad vid Tredje ytattackflottiljen (1998 namnändrad till Tredje ytstridsflottiljen), med tidsbegränsad placering vid Marinens taktiska centrum i Högkvarteret (1998 namnändrat till Marincentrum). Åren 2009–2016 var Lindmark stabsofficer vid Marinens taktiska stab i Högkvarteret, varefter han 2016 pensionerades från Försvarsmakten.

Kenneth Lindmark invaldes 1993 som ledamot av Kungliga Örlogsmannasällskapet och 1996 som ledamot av Kungliga Krigsvetenskapsakademien.

Örlogsflaggan på Kastellholmen
Den 29 mars 1990 beslöts det att örlogsflaggan inte längre skulle hissas på Kastellet på Kastellholmen i Stockholm. Dåvarande fartygschefen på HMS Stockholm, kommendörkaptenen Kenneth Lindmark, ansåg detta beslut vara felaktigt och hissade helt sonika HMS Stockholms örlogsflagga på Kastellet den 2 april under avgivande av salut i form av svensk lösen. Detta ingripande ledde troligen till att ÖB fattade beslut om att flaggningen skulle fortsätta, vilket den gör till denna dag. Dagen det inträffade skickade befälhavaren på HMS Stockholm följande meddelande till Marinchefen Bengt Schuback samt till Chefen för Kustflottan;

Referenser

Män
Födda 1949
Avlidna 2019
Personer från Skellefteå socken
Svenska militärer under 1900-talet
Svenska militärer under 2000-talet
Svenska sjöofficerare
Ledamöter av Kungliga Örlogsmannasällskapet
Ledamöter av Kungliga Krigsvetenskapsakademien

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
from __future__ import absolute_import

import threading
import uuid

ctx = threading.local()

class TrackerBase(object):
    def __init__(self, client=None, server=None):
        self.client = client
        self.server = server

    def handle(self, header):
        ctx.header = header
        ctx.counter = 0

    def gen_header(self, header):
        header.request_id = self.get_request_id()

        if not hasattr(ctx, "header"):
            header.seq = '1'
        else:
            if not hasattr(ctx, "counter"):
                ctx.counter = 0

            ctx.counter += 1
            header.seq = "{prev_seq}.{cur_counter}".format(
                prev_seq=ctx.header.seq, cur_counter=ctx.counter)

    def record(self, header, exception):
        pass

    def get_request_id(self):
        if hasattr(ctx, "header"):
            return ctx.header.request_id
        return str(uuid.uuid4())

class ConsoleTracker(TrackerBase):
    def record(self, header, exception):
        print(header)


text:
Q: two dimensional array ext.net grid view I have a two dimensional Array
        for (int i = 0; i < rowList.GetLength(0);  i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < rowList.GetLength(1); ++j)
            {
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(rowList.GetValue(i,j));

            }
        }

How can I show this information in a ext.net gridPanel
I have code in the aspx page like this:
      <ext:GridPanel ID="GridPanel1" runat="server" Title="SLA-Einhaltung gesamt in % (Basis) " Height="200" Width="800" Frame="true">
        <Store>
            <ext:Store runat="server" ID="Store1">
                <Model>
                    <ext:Model runat="server" IDProperty="ModelID">
                        <Fields>
                            <ext:ModelField Name="SLA_typ"></ext:ModelField>
                        </Fields>
                    </ext:Model>
                </Model>
            </ext:Store>
        </Store>

        <ColumnModel runat="server">
            <Columns>
                <ext:Column runat="server" DataIndex="SLA_typ" Width="120" Text="Tittle"></ext:Column>
            </Columns>
        </ColumnModel>
      </ext:GridPanel>

A: I have no knowledge of ext.net gridPanel. But I looked it up and found the sample http://examples.ext.net/#/GridPanel/ArrayGrid/Simple/ That sample uses a jagged array, not a two dimensional array. A jagged array is an array of arrays.
I had the same problem with the WPF-grid and the solution was to create a jagged array. So I would try a jagged array. This is how you could create a jagged array from your rowList array.
object [][] jagged = new object[rowList.GetLength(0)][];

    for (int i = 0; i < rowList.GetLength(0);  i++)
    {
        jagged[i] = new object[GetLength(1)];

        for (int j = 0; j < rowList.GetLength(1); ++j)
        {
           jagged[i][j] = rowList[i,j];

        }
    }


text:
Day: 8 May 2021
Dominic Ongwen lawyers displeased with the 25-years court sentence
May 8, 2021 May 8, 2021 VanitahK21
Dominic Ongwen's lawyers lead by Krispus Ayena Odong are displeased with the court's 25-year sentence of their client and promise to appeal the ICC ruling. They claim the judges' ruling focused elsewhere and missed out on the most important part that was meant to be of importance in the ruling of the Dominic Ongwen case. "Horrific. The Judges missed the…
international news, NewsDominic Ongwen, Dominic Ongwen biography, Dominic Ongwen ICC, Dominic Ongwen lawyers, Dominic Ongwen Sentence, Dominic Ongwen verdict, Dominic Ongwen wife, International Criminal Court (ICC)Leave a comment
25-year-old Malian woman gives birth to 9 babies
May 8, 2021 May 8, 2021 Cyclone Times Reporter
NEWS – The latest story trending on social media is for a Malian woman dubbed Halima Cisse who gave birth to 9 babies. According to reports, the doctors had detected 7 babies during scans however, she gave birth to 9 of them. Mali's government facilitated her throughout the entire process as it flew her to Morocco for specialist care. "My…
NewsHalima Cisse, Halima Cisse biography, Halima Cisse gives birth to 9 babies, Malian woman, Malian woman gives birth to 9 babiesLeave a comment


text:
Home Front Page News Teller Gun Club Suffers Setback In Securing Shooting Range
Teller Gun Club Suffers Setback In Securing Shooting Range
Police Training Site Opposed By Creek Risk Manager
Teller County and Cripple Creek is gun country, with firearm ownership statistics among the highest in the country on a per capita basis.
In addition, the region is a staunch endorser of Second Amendment rights, and bids to open up more public land areas for public shooting facilities have received strong local support. In fact, our area supports such pro-firearms ventures as the Southern Shooting Partnership.
But the touchy issue of securing a local shooting range is another matter, with the location of such sites raising more questions than answers.
Following a lively discussion last week, the Cripple Creek City Council agreed to have more discussions and establish dialogue with a working committee of the Teller County Marksmanship & Self Defense group.
At issue is a bid to for the club to use the Cripple Creek Police Department shooting range, near the public works facility, on a limited basis.
"We are doing something worthwhile. We are not a gun club," said Jeff Gillis, a leading member of the club, who addressed the council last week.
He described growing support for their group that mainly emphasizes education and firearm safety. Moreover, the club leader described a growing interest in the group from women interested in self-defense, and in youth programs
The club has gained much support in the last few months, and holds monthly meetings on a variety of subjects, addressing such hotbed issues as the red flag law (that can take away weapons for those deemed as mentally unstable.)
According to the club's proposal, they would only use the fire range twice a month, and would have designated club personnel on site to monitor the activity. They asked the council for the go-ahead for a one-year probationary trial period.
As an added advantage, Gillis described the benefits of having a more designated and formal shooting range for gun enthusiasts, with a strong level of supervision and training in a controlled environment. And anyone who defied their rules and opted to play Wyatt Earp on the range, would be thrown out immediately, noted the club leader "We want to weed these people out," said Gillis.
Not a good place for gun club use
City officials lauded the group's mission but raised a red flag about using this particular facility.
Carrol Stotts, the city's human resources and risk management director, maintained that the plan would create a bad precedent. Stotts described herself as aa strong gun advocate but outlined a bevy of liability concerns. "I have a lot of questions about enforcement," she said. "You are really opening yourselves up."
If the council said yes immediately to the plan, Stotts indicated the city would most likely have to allow other groups in the region to use the range.
Moreover, she cited a big concern with the club using a shooting range so close to the new Mountain View Adventure Park.
At the very least, the risk management director said more insurance requirements must occur for the plan to move forward.
Although not taking quite as strong of a stand, Cripple Creek Police Chief Mike Rulo described the concept as outstanding. But like Stotts, the chief had reservations about the location of the range the group wants to use. He described the Mountain View Adventure Park as an outstanding city facility, and didn't want to pose negative noise impacts on the park users.
Rulo, a veteran firearms trainer for the FBI and many agencies, though, indicated the police department wanted to work with the Marksmanship and Self-Defense group.
Group leaders backtracked slightly and stressed that their main intention hinges on "education of firearms." They indicated a desire to address any of the concerns the city has in using the police range, and in making necessary insurance arrangements.
Councilwoman Meghan Rozell suggested that the group establish a working committee and that more discussion occurs with city officials in crafting a possible solution.
No action was taken by the council. Mayor Bruce Brown supported the idea of having more discussion, saying they received detailed information just prior to the meeting.
Two elected leaders, Mayor Pro Tem Chris Hazlett and Councilman Tom Litherland, had to abstain from any discussion on the issue due to their involvement with the club. Hazlett has been a big proponent of the club's mission. "We have had a very positive response from the community at large of our vision of an organization that is not just home to bunch of old 'gun nuts,' but one that will encourage the development of civic values among our youth through a program dedicated to them," said Hazlett in a previous interview.
The marksmanship and self-defense group has really taken off in the last year. They originally kicked off a year ago with just 10 members, but now have grown to more than 50, including a number of civic leaders in the community.
Previous articleOutdoor Bob Describes Joys Of Getting Lost In the High Country
Next articleRe-Living those great summer evenings and creating new ones…
Ski Season Hits Prime Time
Green Mountain Falls Appoints New Clerk/Treasurer
Green Mountain Falls to Pursue Major Face-lift of Gazebo Attraction


We live in a world obsessed with a happy ending. It makes sense. Most people have stress in their lives from family problems, work struggles, or money issues. So we love the idea and hope life can suddenly resolve itself into a neat, tidy bow.
There are no bows in foster care. Maybe that's hard to hear, because we've become somewhat accustomed to triumphant adoption day signs or news stories that melt our hearts with joy filled reunifications. These things can and do happen in foster care, and are certainly meant to be celebrated! But they don't— and can't— show all the complexities that continue to coexist with those happy moments.
I'm not trying to put a rain cloud over the good in foster care. Please believe me, I'm not. However, I do have a fear that we begin to look at a happy ending as the ultimate goal in becoming involved in the foster care crisis. We begin to chase longed-for triumphant stories, instead of being solely committed to kids and families, no matter what.
Many of the children who have left my family's home over the years have gone to great situations. They are living permanently with loving relatives. A couple are back home with parents who were able to make big changes. We were able to adopt our daughter. But not all of our kids went on to positive situations. One particular little boy slipped through the cracks, as the saying goes. Due to circumstances, mistakes made, untruths told, and the brokenness of a system, he went home to a physically and emotionally unsafe situation with a mentally ill caregiver.
This breaks my heart. But what it doesn't do, is make me think for even a moment the five months he lived with our family wasn't worth it. In fact, I believe the opposite. For five months, he was clean, safe, loved, and allowed to live the life of a child. I wish with all my heart it had been longer— he deserved it to be longer— but if we were able to only give him that, it was completely and utterly worth it. We'd do it a hundred times over.
Another hard reality is this— some kids from care won't recover from the trauma of their childhoods. They will end up walking in the patterns of their beginnings. If this happens, some people in our lives will whisper sympathetically things like, 'after all they did… adopting her… that money they spent on private school… she still got herself pregnant… she still x, y, & z…" We will become cautionary tales for other people NOT to become involved in foster care or adoption. And yes, seeing our kids struggle WILL hurt like hell and we will ache for them. But we will know the errors of the whispers. We will know the choice to step into hurt and try to help our kids fight their way back was the right thing to do, and NO outcome could ever diminish that.
No matter what, you're worth it, always & everytime.


For travelers searching for a dream vacation that is based on sunshine, swimming, water-sports and relaxation, look no further than The Reef Eilat Hotel, the Red Sea resort town's first and only boutique hotel located on the beach near the Coral Reef Reserve.
The Reef Eilat Hotel boasts 79 rooms and suites, ranging from luxurious Deluxe rooms, Deluxe rooms with private pools, Deluxe Rooms with direct pool access or prestigious suites with a private pool. With unparalleled location, furnishings, service and amenities, travelers to Israel looking for a luxury beachfront hotel will find The Reef Eilat Hotel to be amongst the best hotels in Israel.
* Complimentary High Speed Wi-Fi.
* Complimentary International Phon calls.
The hotel allows guests to relax in Eilat's tranquil Red Sea paradise, and is approximately 4-km from the city center that boasts vibrant nightlife spots, parties, pubs and bars, restaurants and clubs and of course VAT free shopping.


text:
Coordinated TAKTIC
Six-way partnership attempts synergy in inhibiting protein kinases to develop novel drugs
May6th,2013
Ilene Schneider
LUND, Sweden—It began with a 2010 conversation about apotential biotechnology industry-academia collaboration to enhance proteinproduction capabilities. Now a six-member drug discovery partnership fundedwith $1.5 million from the European Union (EU) will target protein kinases totreat cancer, diabetes and inflammatory diseases.
The Translational Kinase Tumor Inhibitor DiscoveryConsortium (TAKTIC) brings together the proprietary technologies of threeexpert organizations in the field of drug discovery with extensive expertise inmedicinal chemistry, kinase biochemistry and biology and a state-of-the-art high-throughputplatform for protein expression and crystallization. The consortium includesSweden's SARomics Biostructures, France's Prestwick Chemical and Germany'sProQinase GmbH, along with the University of Turin, Italy, the IsraelStructural Proteomics Center at the Weizmann Institute and the TechMedIllplatform of the University of Strasbourg, France.
The merging of the highly complementary capabilities of thepartners enables an efficient and versatile kinase drug discovery platform thatwill target some challenging and medically important kinases, according toProf. Salam Al-Karadaghi, project coordinator and director of businessdevelopment at SARomics Biostructures.
"We are excited to coordinate a frontline project of thesedimensions, which brings together companies and academic researchers withimpressive track records within their respective fields," he says.
Protein kinases make up 1.7 percent of all human genes andinclude more than 500 family members. They play a key role in regulating cellularprocesses. When unregulated, they can cause several disease states. While bothmutated and activated protein kinases have proven to be useful targets for thedevelopment of new anticancer therapies, achieving selective inhibition ofspecific protein kinases can be challenging.
As Dr. Michael Kubbutat, head of biochemical drug discoveryand head of drug development at ProQinase, explains, "the consortium iscoordinated by SARomics Biostructures. Whereas the main body of work will beperformed by the academic partners, the companies will manage the project andwill contribute some key technologies to the project."
Kubbutat says SARomics, of Lund, Sweden, a leadingScandinavian provider of structural biology and in-silico drug discovery services, will contribute itscomprehensive expertise in structural biology and will closely interact withthe Israel Structural Proteomics Center at the Weizmann Institute of Science,in Rehovot, Israel, which serves as an Israeli National Center for proteinproduction, biochemical/biophysical studies and structure determination, andwill produce highly purified proteins suitable for crystal structure analysis.
Kubbutat adds that Prestwick Chemicals, a France-basedmedicinal chemistry company that successfully identifies hits and optimizesthese into clinical candidates, will contribute its know-how in the field ofmedicinal chemistry, as well as compound libraries that will serve as astarting point for the discovery of new drugs. Prestwick will closely interactwith the Medicinal Chemistry unit of the University of Torino, which hasextensive expertise in the chemical optimization of kinase inhibitors, and willperform the medicinal chemistry optimization.
ProQinase, a contract service provider dedicated tosupporting pharmaceutical and biotech companies in the development of noveltherapies for cancer treatment, will closely interact with the BiochemistryUnit of the University of Torino, which will perform biochemical and cellulartesting of compounds. ProQinase has an established high-throughput screeningfacility and will perform high-throughput primary screening and contribute itsbiological know-how in the development of protein kinases inhibitors. TheTechMed unit of the University of Strasbourg, France, will perform preclinicalADME-toxicity testing of the optimized compounds.
The project has a timeframe of two years, according toKubbutat. The aim of the collaboration, he says, is the discovery andoptimization of novel compounds inhibiting three protein kinases that areinvolved in the regulation of the transcription factor NF-kB, a key regulatorof tumor cell growth. The expected results comprise different novel chemicalclasses of protein kinase inhibitors that can serve as starting points for thedevelopment of novel anticancer drugs.
As to the commercial potential, Kubbutat says, "the newlyidentified protein kinase inhibitors will represent valuable starting pointsfor the development of novel anticancer drugs, and by this represent asignificant value for pharmaceutical companies. Furthermore, novel technologies in protein structureanalysis and biochemical and cellular assays will be developed and will becommercialized by the involved biotech companies."
Topics:Cancer Research,Disease Focus,Metabolism,Internal Medicine,Discovery,Research Phase
Volume 9, Issue 5| May 2013


text:
<?php
/**
 * Created by PhpStorm.
 * User: uadmin
 * Date: 02.11.2017
 * Time: 10:42
 */
require_once "../DTO/role.php";
require_once "mySQLConnection.php";

//The class concerning the sql queries for the role
class RoleRequest
{
    private $_dbh;
    public function __construct()
    {
        try{
            $this->_dbh = MySQLConn::getConn();

        }catch (PDOException $e){
            die('Connection failed/Connexion échouée/Verbindung fehlgeschlagen:'.$e->getMessage());
        }
    }

    //The function to return a role by its id
    public function getRoleById($id){
        //The query for getting one user

        $query = "SELECT _id, name FROM role WHERE _id = $id";

        $result = $this->_dbh->query($query);
        $returnedRole = null;
        while ($row = $result->fetch()) {
            $returnedRole = new Role($row['_id'], $row['name']);
        }
        return $returnedRole;
    }

    //The function to return a role by its name
    public function getRoleByName($name){
        $query = "SELECT _id, name FROM role WHERE name = '$name'";

        $result = $this->_dbh->query($query);
        $returnedRole = null;
        while ($row = $result->fetch()) {
            $returnedRole = new Role($row['_id'], $row['name']);
        }
        return $returnedRole;
    }

    //The function to return a list of all roles
    public function getAllRole(){
        //The query for getting one user

        $query = "SELECT _id, name FROM role";

        $result = $this->_dbh->query($query);
        $returnedRoles = array();
        while ($row = $result->fetch()) {
            array_push($returnedRoles, new Role($row['_id'], $row['name']));
        }
        return $returnedRoles;
    }
}


Aberdeen South MP, Dame Anne Begg, welcomed the decision by premium rate number watchdog PhonepayPlus that BT should refund thousands of customers who were unfairly charged exorbitant rates for calls to directory enquiry service 118 500. BT has also been fined £225,000 due to the lack of transparency with regards to the charges attached to the service.
Dame Anne had previously pressured the Government to address the cost of calls to the service when she heard of one individual who had been charged £16.55 for a call lasting 7.11 minutes. In total, the individual had been charged £44.94 for five phone calls to the premium rate service.
The watchdog found that BT had been charging customers 59 pence to connect the call and £2.39 a minute for the duration of the call. The maximum cost incurred by one individual was reported to be £81.
Dame Anne said: "BT has been found guilty of ripping off customers who used their telephone look up service.
"Many of the people affected by the overcharging will not necessarily realise why their bills were so high. It is likely to be the elderly who have no access to the internet who have been hit hardest by this deceit.
Dame Anne went on to encourage any customers who have been overcharged for using the 118 500 service to contact BT as soon as possible to lodge a claim for their refund.


Our 3-year strategy will focus on the Solution – Hold buyers who purchase humans for exploitation accountable, thereby decreasing the demand for Human Trafficking.
Most efforts to combat human trafficking focus on solely on removing and restoring victims or stopping the traffickers.
The anti-human trafficking project team completed hours of online research and interviews with non-profit organizations and city representatives since January 2018.
The common themes pulled from successful anti-human trafficking efforts can included law enforcement prioritizing demand penalization, private sector involvement, coalition building, and technology utilization.
The development of the plan was a collaborative effort across many sectors in the metro Atlanta area.
THE IHTI WILL CONTINUE TO CONVENE AND COLLABORATE WITH ITS PARTNERS THROUGHOUT THE EXECUTION OF THE PLAN.
Our strategic plan was created in partnership with Accenture.


PRESS RELEASE: Join Xyntek at Emerson Exchange 2018!
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Xyntek's booth setup will encourage users to interact with our state-of-the-art Biometric Solutions, Xyntek will be demonstrating our flexible Atos-ID Center software platform, along with Nymi Always On AuthenticationTM wearable biometrics band. Additionally, we will be showcasing the new smaller form factor Iris ID R100 iris scanner. Xyntek's Biometrics Solutions enable manufacturers with seamless user authentication across business critical systems and applications, including Manufacturing Execution Systems, Electronic Batch Systems, ERP, instrumentation/equipment, and many other systems. With Industry 4.0 upon us, Xyntek's solutions will prepare you for the transition!
Don't miss out and register for the event today!


text:
Rytele-Wszołki – wieś w Polsce położona w województwie mazowieckim, w powiecie sokołowskim, w gminie Ceranów. Leży  na lewym brzegu Bugu.

Zaścianek szlachecki Wszołki należący do okolicy zaściankowej Rytele położony był w drugiej połowie XVII wieku w ziemi drohickiej województwa podlaskiego. W latach 1975–1998 miejscowość administracyjnie należała do województwa siedleckiego.

W miejscowości znajduje się kaplica dojazdowa. Wierni wyznania Rzymskokatolickiego zamieszkali we wsi należą do parafii Kosów Lacki.

Zobacz też
 Rytele Suche
 Rytele Święckie
 Rytele-Olechny

Przypisy

Linki zewnętrzne

Ceranów (gmina)
Zaścianki szlacheckie I Rzeczypospolitej (województwo podlaskie)


Welcome to the real estate links section. The links on this page will provide you a great resource. These links will help you with various elements associated with the purchase or sale of real estate throughout Corona and Norco as well as in Highland, Rancho Cucamonga, Riverside, or Fontana in Riverside County, CA.
Are you considering buying Corona real estate, Norco real estate or real estate in any other surrounding Riverside County, CA area? This quick request form will allow you to ask for your ideal real estate. If you have any specific Corona or Norco real estate needs, be sure to fill out the form below. Please remember that there is no obligation and I look forward to helping you with your next Corona, Norco, Highland, Rancho Cucamonga, Riverside, or Fontana real estate move.


text:
Aquatic Export Plummets Amid 4th Covid-19 Outbreak
Aquatic production and export plummeted in July as Ho Chi Minh City and 19 provinces in southern Vietnam entered lockdown.
Sophie Tran
sophie.tran73@gmail.com August 02, 2021 | 21:36
Vaccine Inequality Threatens Global Economic Recovery, IMF Warns
Vietnam's Goal Of Having 1 Million Enterprises Still Far Away
Central Da Nang City Lures Investment In Mid COVID-19
According to the Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers (VASEP), Vietnam's aquatic product export in July reached roughly US$ 763 million, a decrease of 4% compared to the same period of the previous year. Specifically, the export of shark catfish and tuna reduced by 5% to reach US$ 117 million and US$ 60.5 million respectively. Similarly, the export of squid and octopus decreased 9% compared to the same period in 2020. Except for Bivalvia export which observed an increase of 6% and reached US$ 10.6, export of other aquatic products reduced 2 – 4%.
Catching tuna in Nha Trang. Photo: VnExpress
The fourth Covid-19 outbreak in major aquatic production, processing and export areas was the culprit of the sharp reduction in aquatic exports. In particular, the government's stringent social distancing and Covid prevention orders, such as the 3-in-one-spot regulation (producing, eating and sleeping at the factory) or local Covid measures caused production to stagnate.
It is calculated that only 30% of the aquatic businesses in southern Vietnam could meet the conditions set by the 3-in-one-spot regulation. For those that met the requirements, only 30-50% of the workers could be mobilized; others had to quit jobs or stay at home without salary. The average production capacity was reduced by 40-50%. It is estimated that the region's production capacity would be decreased to just 30-40%.
3-in-one-spot regulation, a strategy to address Covid risks in industrial parks. Photo: VASEP
Meanwhile, aquatic product supply for processing and export reached roughly 40-50% compared to external resources due to social distancing.
An estimation by VASEP shows that the aquatic product export industry may face a supply shortage of about 20 – 30% by the end of the year. In addition, aquatic businesses have been facing additional costs such as extra salary, weekly Covid testing and facilities to meet the 3-in-one-spot regulation. The cost burden is intensified as input and logistic costs rocket due to Covid.
An aquatic production chain in southern Vietnam. Photo: Vietnam News Agency
Aquatic export may continue to plummet without external support for production recovery. As such, VASEP requests the government to prioritize giving vaccines to aquatic processing factory laborers to ensure safe production. In addition, VASEP recommends the government provide assistance to businesses and laborers affected by the Covid-19 pandemic.
VietnamBriefing Highlights Vietnam's Strengths in Foreign Investment Attraction
"Foreign investors are increasingly choosing Vietnam as a China plus one destination to combat rising costs in China and other unpredictable scenarios, such as trade ...
Vietnamese Economy's Changes Over Last Five Years
In their latest forecast, the International Monetary Fund and the Asian Development Bank said Vietnam is on track to outpace both Malaysia and Singapore this ...
DBS Bank: Vietnam's Economy Expected To Surpass Singapore's By 2030
Vietnam's economy is predicted to grow from 6 to 6.5% over the next decade. With this pace, it will surpass Singapore's economy by 2030, according ...
Vietnam economy aquatic exports
Vietnam News Today (Jan. 17): 'New Normal' Adaptation Leads to Positive Forecast for Vietnamese Economy in 2022
Vietnam News Today (Jan. 17): Vietnam records 15,643 new Covid cases; Northern region to turn severely cold from January 17; 'New normal' adaptation leads to positive forecast for Vietnamese economy in 2022; Vietnam-China clash tickets open for sale in two days.
Vietnam's Economy Set To Rebound Strongly In 2022
Vietnam's economic growth is forecast to rebound strongly in 2022, according to some foreign financial organizations' positive predictions.
RCEP in Hope to Leverage Post-Pandemic Economic Recovery
The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), which came into force as of January 1, is expected to become a new momentum accelerating trade and subsequently post-pandemic economic recovery for Vietnam and other ASEAN countries and creating a legally biding foundation for an equal trade environment in the region.
First RCEP Freight Train Departs For Hanoi From China
The X9101 train carrying more than 800 tonnes of cargo left the Nanning international railway port on New Year's Day for Hanoi.
Vietnam and ASEAN +3 (Japan, the Republic of Korea, and India) are seeking to step up economic co-operation towards boosting economic recovery and development, whilst repelling impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic.
AIA Reaffirms Focus on Wealth Protection and Management with its Wealthbeing
AIA Singapore today introduced ' Wealthbeing by AIA' – the pairing of Wealth and Well-being – as it accelerates efforts to meet the underserved needs of High Net Worth individuals (HNWIs) seeking protection and growth for both their wealth and health.
Fabio Grangeon, an actor and culinary enthusiast, will take Singapore and Malaysian audiences through the many colorful layers of Hong Kong's neighborhoods from the perspective of locals and ex-pats that have made the city their home
Arup empowers youths to chart a sustainable future for Hong Kong with a video competition among local schools
HONG KONG SAR - Media OutReach - 18 January 2022 - With sustainable development drawing increasing attention, the eyes of the world have turned to tackling the crisis of global warming following the 26th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26), which took place in November last year.
Continue to Promote Training Activities to Implement the Eco-Industrial Park Project in Vietnam
Recently, the Eco-Industrial Park Project Management Board in Vietnam, the Ministry of Planning and Investment in collaboration with the Vietnam Cleaner Production Center held an online capacity development workshop on. "Resource efficiency, Cleaner production and Industrial symbiosis".
Azbil Receives Singapore Apex Corporate Sustainability Award 2021
Azbil Corporation announced that it has won a prestigious award in the Sustainable Solutions, Non-SME (small and medium enterprises) category of the Singapore Apex Corporate Sustainability Awards 2021 from Global Compact Network Singapore (GCNS), the Singapore chapter of the United Nations Global Compact.
Singapore based KaHa Pte Limited Acquired by Imagine Marketing (boAt)
Imagine Marketing Private Limited (parent company of boAt) announced the acquisition of Singapore based KaHa Pte Limited, an end-to-end SMART IoT product development company.
Local Firms Remains Positive about Economic Recovery in 2022
The pandemic might not end this year and business sectors could not fully recover, however, the situation will be more positive than in 2021 thanks to the adaptation to 'new normal' conditions


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Birthday Cards For Your Husband birthday cards for your husband printable christian birthday cards for husband for my husband. birthday cards for your husband birthday cards for husband birthday greeting cards davia templates. birthday cards for your husband husband love postcard card ideas birthdays and google printable. birthday cards for your husband happy birthday card for your husband. birthday cards for your husband birthday card to my husband fresh i love my husband greeting cards printable.


the prestigious Gleneagles Country Club in Delray Beach, FL.
Registration starts at 11:30 a.m., with shotgun at 1 p.m., and the tournament concludes with a 5 p.m. networking cocktail reception in The Glen Bar. The event is open to the public and will raise funds to champion UnLIMBited Foundation, Signature Gives Back, and Upward On.
"Little Big Shots" (starring entertainer Steve Harvey). National and international press coverage for the tournament is expected, and early registration is recommended for this greatly anticipated event.
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text:
\section{Introduction}

The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method is one of the most valuable numerical tools in investigating heat transport properties, especially for complex structures where methods based on lattice dynamics are computationally formidable. The equilibrium MD (EMD) method based on the Green-Kubo formula \cite{green1954jcp,kubo1957jpsj} and the nonequilibrium MD (NEMD) method \cite{ikeshoji1994mp,jund1999prb,muller1997jcp,wirnsberger2015jcp} based on Fourier's law are the two mainstream methods for computing lattice thermal conductivity in MD simulations, although the approach-to-equilibrium method \cite{lampin2013jap,melis2014epjb,zaoui2016prb,zaoui2017prb} has also become popular recently.

A crucial difference between the EMD and the NEMD methods concerns the finite-size effects introduced by a finite simulation cell \cite{wang2017jap}. In the EMD method, when periodic boundary conditions are applied, one usually can obtain a size-independent thermal conductivity using a relatively small simulation cell and the cell size does not correspond to a real sample size as in an experimental measurement setup. In the NEMD method, the simulation cell length (in the transport direction) is supposed to be the sample length as in real experiments. Therefore, when the cell length is smaller than the overall phonon mean free path, the heat transport is partially ballistic (transporting without scattering) and the thermal conductivity should be smaller than that in an infinitely long system. Usually, due to the relatively large phonon mean free path, it is hard to directly simulate up to the length at which the thermal conductivity becomes fully converged, and one usually resorts to extrapolation to estimate the length-convergent thermal conductivity.

A natural question is whether or not the converged thermal conductivity as obtained in the NEMD method is consistent with (within statistical errors) that calculated using the EMD method. There have been a few works focusing on the comparison between the two methods \cite{schelling2002prb,sellan2010prb,he2012pccp,howell2012jcp}. These works have mainly studied three-dimensional (3D) bulk silicon, described either by the Stillinger-Weber (SW) \cite{stillinger1985prb}  or the Tersoff  \cite{tersoff1989prb} empirical many-body potential. In the case of the SW potential, excellent agreement between the two methods have been found by Howell \cite{howell2012jcp}. However, in the case of the Tersoff potential, Howell \cite{howell2012jcp} did not attempt to make a comparison, while He \textit{et al.} \cite{he2012pccp} found that there are noticeable discrepancies between the two methods for certain simulation parameters. Significant discrepancies between the two methods have also been reported for other good heat conductors such as GaN modeled by a Stillinger-Weber potential \cite{liang2015jap}. Comparisons between the two methods have been less attempted for low-dimensional systems and discrepancies have been occasionally reported. For single-layer graphene, the thermal conductivity predicted by some EMD simulations \cite{pereira2013prb} is significantly smaller than that predicted by other NEMD simulations \cite{park2013jap}, using the same interatomic potential. For single-layer silicene \cite{ vogt2012prl, chen2012prl}, the two-dimensional (2D) allotrope of Si, it has been reported \cite{zhang2014prb} that the two methods are inequivalent. For quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) silicon nanowire (SiNW) \cite{li2003apl}, divergent thermal conductivity (with respect to system length) has been reported \cite{yang2010nt} based on NEMD simulations, which was not supported by recent EMD simulations \cite{zhou2017nl}. Therefore, it is important to unravel the possible reasons behind the discrepancies reported between EMD and NEMD simulations.

In this work, we make detailed comparisons between the EMD and the NEMD methods in the calculation of the thermal conductivity $\kappa$ of three Si-based materials, including 3D bulk silicon, 2D silience and Q1D SiNW, using the newly developed GPUMD (Graphics Processing Units Molecular Dynamics) package \cite{fan2017cpc,fan2017gpumd}. In the EMD method, $\kappa$ is calculated as a function of the correlation time $t$ while in the NEMD method, $\kappa$ is calculated as a function of the system length $L_x$. We find that $\kappa(t \rightarrow \infty)$ from the EMD simulations and $\kappa(L_x \rightarrow \infty)$ from the NEMD simulations are in fact consistent with each other, as expected from linear response theory. Furthermore, we show that by multiplying the correlation time with a reasonable effective phonon group velocity, the EMD and NEMD data overlap each other very well. Our results thus firmly establish the equivalence between the two methods in different spatial dimensions, when the proper limits of long times and large system sizes are carefully considered.

\section{Models and Methods}

\begin{figure*}[htb]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=2\columnwidth]{fig_structure.png}
\caption{Schematic illustration of the model systems studied in this work: (a) 3D bulk silicon; (b) 2D silicene; (c) Q1D SiNW. The cell size shown here for bulk silicon is the same as that used in the EMD simulations, but for clarity, the cell sizes for silicene and SiNW shown here are smaller than those used in the EMD simulations. In the NEMD simulations, the cell sizes in the transport direction ($x$ direction) can be much larger. See text and Table \ref{table:data} for details.}
\label{figure:models}
\end{center}
\end{figure*}

In this work, we use both the EMD and the NEMD methods for thermal conductivity calculations as implemented in the GPUMD package \cite{fan2017cpc, fan2017gpumd}.

\subsection{Models}

We study three Si-based materials: 3D bulk silicon crystal, 2D silicene, and Q1D SiNW, which are schematically shown in Fig. \ref{figure:models}. For simplicity, we only consider isotopically pure systems although this is not a restriction of the methods used. We use classical MD simulations with empirical many-body potentials. For 3D bulk silicon, we chose to  use the Tersoff potential \cite{tersoff1989prb} with the original parameterization because a comprehensive comparison between the EMD and the NEMD methods has already been done by Howell \cite{howell2012jcp} using the SW potential \cite{stillinger1985prb}. For 2D silicene, we used the SW potential \cite{stillinger1985prb} re-parameterized by Zhang \textit{et al.} \cite{zhang2014prb}. To be consistent with Zhang \textit{et al.} \cite{zhang2014prb}, the thickness of single-layer silicene was chosen as 4.20 {\AA} when calculating the sample volume in the EMD method and the cross-sectional area in the NEMD method. Last, for Q1D SiNW, we used the SW \cite{stillinger1985prb} potential with the original parameterization, following Yang \textit{et al.} \cite{yang2010nt}. In all the MD simulations, we first equilibrated the system to room temperature and zero pressure conditions. Effects of temperature and external pressure were not considered here.

Different boundary conditions were adopted for different model systems. In the EMD simulations, we used periodic boundary conditions in all the three directions for bulk silicon, the in-plane directions ($xy$ plane) of silicene, and the longitudinal direction ($x$ direction) of SiNW. Free boundary conditions were used for the out-of-plane direction in silicene and ripples formed automatically during the MD simulations (Fig. \ref{figure:models}(b)). For SiNW, we adopted fixed boundary conditions in the transverse directions ($y$ and $z$) in order to be consistent with the simulations by Yang \textit{et al.} \cite{yang2010nt}, although free boundary conditions can also be used. The fixed atoms are excluded in determining the volume and cross-sectional area. In the NEMD simulations, the two ends of system in the transport direction were fixed.

The simulation cells were chosen as follows. For bulk silicon and SiNW, the coordinate axes were aligned along the [100] lattice directions. A simulation cell consisting of $N_x\times N_y \times N_z = 6\times6\times6$ conventional cubic cells with a total of $N=1728$ atoms was used for bulk silicon in the EMD simulations. In the NEMD simulations, we kept $N_y$ and $N_z$ unchanged and chose several values of $N_x$ such that the length $L_x$ varies from about 82 nm to 1 $\mu$m. For SiNW, we chose $N_y = N_z = 3$ and fixed the surface layer of atoms (same as in Ref. \cite{yang2010nt}) in both the EMD and the NEMD simulations. The length $L_x$ was chosen to be about 50 nm in the EMD simulations and was varied from 0.5 $\mu$m to 3 $\mu$m in the NEMD simulations. For silicene, the $x$ and $y$ axes pointed to the zigzag and armchair directions, respectively, and a roughly square-shaped simulation cell with $N=8640$ atoms was used in the EMD simulations. In the NEMD simulations, the width was kept to be about $L_y=10$ nm and the length $L_x$ was varied from about 40 nm to 320 nm. We checked that the cell sizes used in the EMD simulations were large enough to eliminate finite-size effects.

\subsection{The EMD method}

The EMD method for thermal conductivity calculations is based on the Green-Kubo formula \cite{green1954jcp,kubo1957jpsj}, which expresses the (running) thermal conductivity tensor $\kappa_{\mu\nu}(t)$ as an integral of the heat current autocorrelation function (HCACF) $\langle J_{\mu} (0)J_{\nu} (t) \rangle$ with respect to the correlation time $t$:
\begin{equation}
\label{equation:gk}
\kappa_{\mu\nu}(t) = \frac{1}{k_BT^2V}\int_0^{t} \langle J_{\mu}(0) J_{\nu}(t') \rangle dt'.
\end{equation}
Here, $k_B$ is the Boltzmann constant, $T$ is the absolute temperature of the system, $V$ is the volume, and $J_{\mu}$ is the heat current in the $\mu$ direction. Generally, one can obtain the whole conductivity tensor, but we are only interested in the diagonal elements here.

For many-body potentials such as the Tersoff and the SW potentials used in this work, the heat current $\vect{J}$ can be expressed as \cite{fan2015prb}
\begin{equation}
\vect{J} = \sum_i \sum_{j \neq i} \vect{r}_{ij}
\frac{\partial U_j}{\partial \vect{r}_{ji}} \cdot \vect{v}_i,
\end{equation}
where $\vect{r}_{ij} \equiv \vect{r}_{j} - \vect{r}_{i}$ and $\vect{r}_i$, $\vect{v}_i$, and  $U_i$ are respectively the position, velocity, and potential energy of atom $i$. Following Ref. \cite{fan2017prb}, we consider the in-out decomposition of the heat current for 2D systems, $\vect{J}=\vect{J}^{\rm in}+\vect{J}^{\rm out}$, where $\vect{J}^{\rm in}$ only includes the terms with $v_x$ and $v_y$ and $\vect{J}^{\rm out}$ only includes the terms with $v_z$. With this heat current decomposition, the running thermal conductivity along the $x$ direction can be naturally decomposed into three terms:
\begin{equation}
\label{equation:kappa_total}
\kappa_{x}(t)  =
\kappa^{\rm in}_{x}(t)+\kappa^{\rm out}_{x}(t)+\kappa^{\rm cross}_{x}(t),
\end{equation}
where
\begin{eqnarray}
\kappa^{\rm in}_{x}(t)&=&
\frac{1}{k_BT^2V} \int_0^{t} dt'
\langle J^{\rm in}_x(t') J^{\rm in}_x(0) \rangle ;  \\
\kappa^{\rm out}_{x}(t)&=&
\frac{1}{k_BT^2V} \int_0^{t} dt'
\langle J^{\rm out}_x(t') J^{\rm out}_x(0) \rangle ;
\\
\kappa^{\rm cross}_{x}(t)&=&
\frac{2}{k_BT^2V} \int_0^{t} dt'
\langle J^{\rm in}_x(t') J^{\rm out}_x(0) \rangle .
\end{eqnarray}

In the EMD simulations, we first equilibrated the system in the NPT ensemble with a temperature of $T=300$ K and a pressure of $p=0$ GPa for 2 ns.  After equilibration, we evolved the system for another 20 ns in the NVE ensemble and recorded the heat current data for later post-processing. We performed 50 independent simulations for each material to ensure sufficient statistics.

\subsection{The NEMD method}

The NEMD method can be used to calculate the thermal conductivity $\kappa(L_x)$ of a system of finite length $L_x$ according to Fourier's law,
\begin{equation}
\label{Fourier}
\kappa(L_x) =
\frac{Q}{|\nabla T|},
\end{equation}
in the linear response regime where the temperature gradient $|\nabla T|$ across the system is sufficiently small. We generate the nonequilibrium steady-state heat flux $Q$ by coupling a source region of the system to a thermostat (realized by using the Nos\'{e}-Hoover chain method \cite{nose1984jcp,hoover1985pra,martyna1992jcp}) with a higher temperature of 330 K and a sink region to a thermostat with a lower temperature of 270 K. When steady state is achieved, the heat flux $Q$ can be calculated from the energy transfer rate $dE/dt$ between the source/sink and the thermostats:
\begin{equation}
\label{heat current}
Q = \frac{dE/dt}{S},
\end{equation}
where $S$ is the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the transport direction. Both the temperature gradient and the energy transfer rate were determined by linear fitting, as illustrated in Fig. \ref{nemd} for one independent simulation in the case of bulk silicon with a system length of 1 $\mu$m. Note that we reported the system length in the NEMD simulations as the source-sink distance, not excluding the regions with nonlinear temperature dependence around the source and sink, which was suggested to be a reasonable definition according to Howell \cite{howell2011jctn}.

\begin{figure}[htb]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{nemd.eps}
\caption{(a) Steady-state temperature profile in the longest (1 $\mu$m) bulk silicon system. A linear fit to the block temperatures excluding a few blocks around the heat source and sink regions gives the absolute value of the temperature gradient $|\nabla T|$. (b) The energy of the thermostat (averaged over the source and the sink) as a function of the time in steady state. The heat transfer rate $dE/dt$ is calculated as the slope of the linear fit (dashed lines).}
\label{nemd}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

In the NEMD simulations, we first equilibrated the system in the NPT ensemble ($T=300$ K and $p=0$ GPa) for $2$ ns and then generated the nonequilibrium heat current for $10$ ns. Steady state can be well achieved within $5$ ns, and we thus used the data during the later $5$ ns to determine the temperature gradient and the nonequilibrium heat current.  We performed five independent simulations for each system with a given length. In all the EMD and NEMD simulations, we used the velocity-Verlet integration scheme \cite{swope1982jcp} with a time step of $1$ fs, which has been tested to small enough.

\section{Results and discussion}

\begin{table*}[tbp]
\centering
\caption{Relevant data from the EMD and NEMD simulations: simulation cell length $L_x$ (in units of nm), number of atoms $N$ (including the fixed atoms),  the average thermal conductivity  $\kappa_{\rm ave}$ (in units of W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$) from a number of independent simulations (50 in the EMD simulations and 5 in the NEMD simulations), and the standard error $\kappa_{\rm err}$. }
\label{table:data}
\begin{tabular}{@{}r|rrrr|rrrr|rrrr|rrrr|rrrr@{}}
    \hline
    \hline
Method                              &
\multicolumn{4}{c}{Bulk silicon}    &
\multicolumn{4}{c}{Bulk silicon}    &
\multicolumn{4}{c}{Silicene (SW1)}  &
\multicolumn{4}{c}{Silicene (SW2)}  &
\multicolumn{4}{c}{SiNW} \\
\hline
                                                                 &
$L_x $    & $N $    & $\kappa_{\rm ave}$  & $\kappa_{\rm err}$   &
$L_x $    & $N $    & $\kappa_{\rm ave}$  & $\kappa_{\rm err}$   &
$L_x $    & $N $    & $\kappa_{\rm ave}$  & $\kappa_{\rm err}$   &
$L_x $    & $N $    & $\kappa_{\rm ave}$  & $\kappa_{\rm err}$   &
$L_x $    & $N $    & $\kappa_{\rm ave}$  & $\kappa_{\rm err}$   \\
\hline

NEMD &  82  & 44064  &  61   &  1 &  327  & 176256  &  139   &  1  & 38   & 6528   & 8.4 & 0.4 & 38   & 6528   & 11.9 & 0.4  & 500  &  66312 & 40 & 1\\
 & 109  & 58752  &  75   &  1  &  490  & 264384  &  163   &  4 & 75   & 13056  & 8.8 & 0.2 & 75   & 13056  & 13.0 & 0.1  & 1000 & 132552 & 52 & 1\\
 & 136  & 73440 & 86   &  2  &  571  & 308448  & 177   &  1 & 150  & 26112  & 9.0 & 0.2 & 150  & 26112  & 13.2 & 0.3  & 1500 & 198792 & 58 & 2\\
 & 163  & 88128 & 95   &  1  &  653  & 352512  &  180   &  3 & 224  & 39168  & 9.0 & 0.2 & 225  & 39168  & 13.2 & 0.2  & 2000 & 265032 & 63 & 3\\
 & 245  & 132192 & 121   &  4  &  1000  & 529920  & 206   &  2 & 298  & 52224  & 9.1 & 0.2 & 300  & 52224  & 13.4 & 0.2  & 3000 & 397512 & 64 & 1\\
 \hline
EMD &  &&&&  & 1728   & 250   &  10  &   & 8640   & 9.3 & 0.1 &   & 8640   & 13.4 & 0.1  &   &   6624 & 65 & 2\\
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table*}

\subsection{3D bulk silicon}

\begin{figure}[hbt]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{silicon.eps}
\caption{(a) Running thermal conductivity for bulk silicon at 300 K and zero pressure as a function of correlation time. The thin lines represent the results from 50 independent simulations and the thick solid and dashed lines their average and error bounds.  (b) Thermal conductivity as a function of system length from EMD and NEMD simulations. An effective phonon group velocity of $v_g=8.5$ km/s was used to obtain the effective system length from the correlation time in the Green-Kubo formula. }
\label{figure:silicon}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

We start by discussing the results for bulk silicon. Figure \ref{figure:silicon}(a) shows the running thermal conductivities from 50 independent simulations as thin lines, each with a different set of initial velocities. The running thermal conductivity can vary from simulation to simulation and the variation increases with increasing correlation time, which means that the variation in the HCACF does not decay with increasing correlation time. This is a general property of time-correlation functions and transport coefficients in MD simulations \cite{haile1992book}. The average $\kappa_{\rm ave}(t)$ of the independent runs is shown as a thick solid line in Fig. \ref{figure:silicon}(a). To quantify the error bounds, we calculated the standard error $\kappa_{\rm err}(t)$ (standard deviation divided by the square root of the number of simulations) and plot $\kappa_{\rm ave}(t) \pm \kappa_{\rm err}(t)$ as dashed lines. It can be seen that $\kappa_{\rm ave}(t)$ converges well in the time interval $[0.5 ~{\rm ns}, 1 ~{\rm ns}]$. By averaging $\kappa_{\rm ave}(t)$ and $\kappa_{\rm err}(t)$ within this range, we finally get an average value of the thermal conductivity and its error estimate: $\kappa_{\rm ave} \pm \kappa_{\rm err} = 250 \pm 10$ W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$. These and other relevant data are summarized in Table \ref{table:data}.

Figure \ref{figure:silicon}(b) shows the NEMD results as markers with error bars, representing respectively the average and the standard error from five independent simulations for each system length. The same data are listed in Table \ref{table:data}. It can be seen that $\kappa$ calculated from the NEMD simulations increases with increasing length, which is a sign of ballistic-to-diffusive transition. Similar information is incorporated in the running thermal conductivity from the EMD simulations. Actually, we can make closer comparisons between the EMD and the NEMD results. One can define an effective system length $L_x$ in the EMD method by multiplying the upper limit of the correlation time $t$ in the Green-Kubo formula Eq. (\ref{equation:gk}) by an effective phonon group velocity $v_{\rm g}$:
\begin{equation}
\label{equation:t2l}
L_{x} \approx v_{\rm g} t.
\end{equation}
The running thermal conductivity $\kappa(t)$ in the EMD method can also be regarded as a function of the system length $\kappa(L_x)$, which can be directly compared with the NEMD results. The concept of effective phonon group velocity has been extensively used in the study of heat transport in low-dimensional lattice models \cite{lepri2003pr} and has also been recently used for graphene \cite{fan2017prb}. By treating $v_{\rm g}$ as a free parameter, we can obtain a good match between the EMD and the NEMD data, as shown in Fig. \ref{figure:silicon}(b). This effective group velocity is by no means to be taken as a quantitatively accurate value for the average phonon group velocity, because Eq. (\ref{equation:t2l}) is not an exact expression. We consider a set of candidate solutions of the group velocity with an interval of 0.1 km s$^{-1}$ and choose the group velocity value which gives the smallest difference between the NEMD and EMD data at appropriate points. Nonetheless, the fitted value, $v_{\rm g} = 8.5$ km s$^{-1}$, is comparable to the longitudinal ($8.69$ km s$^{-1}$) and transverse ($5.28$ km s$^{-1}$) acoustic phonon group velocities calculated using density functional theory \cite{marchbanks2015jap}. The important result here is that the length-convergence trends of thermal conductivity from both EMD and NEMD simulations are consistent with each other. To fully demonstrate the consistency between the two methods, we would need to consider longer systems (up to several microns) in the NEMD simulations, which is computationally prohibitive for bulk silicon.

\begin{figure}[hbt]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{extrapolation.eps}
\caption{Inverse thermal conductivity $1/\kappa$ as a function of the inverse simulation cell length $1/L_x$ in the NEMD simulations. In both (a) and (b), the markers are MD data, with the one at $1/L_x=0$ representing the value from EMD and others from NEMD. In (a), the solid and dashed lines represent linear fits (using Eq. (\ref{equation:fit1})) to the NEMD data with $L_x>200$ nm and $L_x<200$ nm, respectively. In (b), the solid and dashed lines represent quadratic fits (using Eq. (\ref{equation:fit2})) to all the NEMD data and the NEMD data $L_x<200$ nm, respectively. See text for details.}
\label{figure:extrapolation}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

One way to explore the consistency between the two methods based on a finite amount of NEMD data is to extrapolate the conductivity values of finite systems to the limit of infinite length using certain empirical expressions. The simplest extrapolation formula is the one proposed by Schelling \textit{et al.} \cite{schelling2002prb}:
\begin{equation}
\label{equation:fit1}
\frac{1}{\kappa(L_x)} = \frac{1}{\kappa_0} \left(1 + \frac{\lambda}{L_x} \right),
\end{equation}
where $\kappa_0=\kappa(L_x \to \infty)$ is the extrapolated thermal conductivity in the infinite-length limit and $\lambda$ is an effective phonon mean free path that is conceptually similar to the effective phonon group velocity defined by Eq.~(\ref{equation:t2l}). This is a first-order expression which is only good when the system lengths are comparable or larger than the effective phonon mean free path \cite{sellan2010prb}. With a wide range of system lengths, the thermal conductivity data usually exhibit a nonlinear relation between $1/\kappa(L_x)$ and $1/L_x$. Figure \ref{figure:extrapolation} (a) shows that a linear fit to the NEMD data with $L_x>200$ nm results in an extrapolated thermal conductivity of $\kappa_0 = 260\pm 10$ W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$, which is consistent with the EMD value. In contrast, a linear fit to the NEMD data with $L_x<200$ nm results in a value of $\kappa_0 = 220\pm 10$ W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$, which is appreciably smaller than the EMD value. The effective phonon mean free path is determined to be $\lambda\approx 300$ nm, which explains why an inaccurate $\kappa_0$ is obtained using the NEMD data with $L_x<200$ nm. Figure \ref{figure:extrapolation} (b) shows that the nonlinear behavior can otherwise be well described by a second-order expression \cite{sellan2010prb,zaoui2016prb}
\begin{equation}
\label{equation:fit2}
\frac{1}{\kappa(L_x)} = \frac{1}{\kappa_0} \left(1 + \frac{\lambda}{L_x} + \frac{\beta}{L_x^2} \right),
\end{equation}
where $\beta$ is a parameter of the dimension of length squared. Alternatively, the nonlinearity may also be captured by expressions with fractional powers of $1/L_x$ \cite{allen2014prb}. However, when using the NEMD data with $L_x<200$ nm, the quadratic fit also fails to yield the correct extrapolated $\kappa_0$ (cf. the dashed line in Fig. \ref{figure:extrapolation} (b)). Therefore, no matter what expression is used in the fit, using NEMD data with relatively short simulation cell lengths may result in significant errors and is a possible reason for some reported inconsistencies between the EMD and NEMD methods. Recently, Liang \textit{et al.} \cite{liang2015jap} found that the extrapolated $\kappa_0$ obtained by using the linear fit to their NEMD data with $L_x \leq 150$ nm is $166\pm 11$ W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$ for bulk GaN (described by a SW potential) at 300 K, which is several times smaller than their EMD value, $1190\pm 85$ W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$. They also attributed the inconsistency between the NEMD and EMD predictions to the inadequacy of the linear extrapolation.

\subsection{2D silicene}

We next consider 2D silicene. Figure \ref{figure:emd01} shows the running thermal conductivity components, $\kappa^{\rm in}$, $\kappa^{\rm out}$, and $\kappa^{\rm cross}$, using the two SW parameter sets given by Ref. \cite{zhang2014prb}. We checked that there is no noticeable difference between $\kappa_x$ and $\kappa_y$, which means that the system is isotropic in terms of heat transport. In view of this, we report the average $\kappa=(\kappa_x+\kappa_y)/2$ in Fig. \ref{figure:emd01}. The dashed lines in Fig. \ref{figure:emd01} indicate standard errors calculated from 50 independent simulations, similar to the case of bulk silicon.

\begin{figure}[hbt]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{silicene-emd.eps}
\caption{Running thermal conductivity for silicene at 300 K and zero pressure as a function of correlation time for the (a) in-plane component, (b) the out-of-plane component, and (c) the cross-term. The red and blue lines correspond to the results obtained by using the SW1 and the SW2 parameter sets, respectively. The solid and dashed lines respectively represent the averages and the standard errors from 50 independent runs.}
\label{figure:emd01}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

All the running thermal conductivity components well converge within a fraction of a nanosecond, faster than the case of bulk silicon. The converged total thermal conductivity value is also significantly smaller than that in bulk silicon.  The parameter set SW1 gives noticeably smaller $\kappa^{\rm in}$, while both parameter sets give comparable $\kappa^{\rm out}$. For each parameter set, $\kappa^{\rm in}$ converges to a much higher value than $\kappa^{\rm out}$ does, which is opposite to the case of graphene \cite{fan2017prb}. It is also interesting to note that $\kappa^{\rm cross}$ does not converge to zero, which can be understood by the fact that there is intrinsic corrugation in silicene, similar to the case of polycrystalline graphene \cite{fan2017nl}. Based on visual inspection, we chose the time interval $[0.3~\text{ns} - 0.5~\text{ns}]$ to evaluate the converged thermal conductivity, which was determined to be $9.3 \pm 0.1$ W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$ and $13.4 \pm 0.1$ W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$, respectively, for the SW1 and SW2 parameter sets.

\begin{figure}[hbt]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{silicene-nemd.eps}
\caption{(a) Direct comparison between NEMD (markers) and EMD (lines) data. For the EMD data, the system length is calculated from the correlation time according to Eq. (\ref{equation:t2l}). See text for details. }
\label{silicene-nemd}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

The NEMD results for silicene are shown in Fig. \ref{silicene-nemd}. We can obtain a good match between the EMD and the NEMD data for both parameter sets, with the effective group velocities being fitted to be  $6.3$ km s$^{-1}$ and $8.5$ km s$^{-1}$, respectively. The ratio between the effective group velocities from the two parameter sets is close to that between the thermal conductivities. The fact that the SW1 parameter set gives a smaller effective phonon group velocity can also be confirmed by examining the phonon dispersions given in Ref. \cite{zhang2014prb}. In Ref. \cite{zhang2014prb}, it was found that the EMD method gives significantly smaller $\kappa$ than the NEMD method, which put the consistency between the two methods into question. However, our results unequivocally show that the two methods give consistent results for both parameter sets. The reason for the inconsistency in the previous work is that the heat current formula as implemented in the LAMMPS code \cite{plimpton1995jcp,lammps} used in Ref. \cite{zhang2014prb} is not applicable to many-body potentials such as the SW potential, as pointed out in Ref. \cite{fan2015prb} and further demonstrated in Ref. \cite{gill2015prb}. In contrast, the heat current formula as implemented in the GPUMD code \cite{fan2017cpc,fan2017gpumd} used in the current work has been fully validated \cite{gill2015prb,fan2017prb}.

\subsection{Q1D silicon nanowire}

\begin{figure}[hbt]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{1d.eps}
\caption{Thermal conductivity as a function of system length from EMD and NEMD simulations with the axes in normal (a) and log-log (b) scales. An effective phonon group velocity of $v_g=7.5$ km/s was used to obtain the effective system length from the correlation time in the Green-Kubo formula. }
\label{figure:1d}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Last, we consider Q1D SiNW. Figure \ref{figure:1d}(a) shows the thermal conductivity values from EMD and NEMD simulations as a function of system length, where an effective phonon group velocity of $v_{\rm g}=7.5$ km s$^{-1}$ was used to convert the correlation time to an effective system length in the EMD method. Because the cross-sectional area used here is much smaller than that used in the case of bulk silicon, we have reached a longer system of length 3 $\mu$m in the NEMD simulations. At this length, we obtain a thermal conductivity of $64 \pm 1$ W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$, which agrees with the converged value from the EMD simulations, $65 \pm 2$ W m$^{-1}$ K$^{-1}$. This suggests that the two methods gives consistent results and ultra-thin SiNW with fixed boundaries in the transverse directions has much smaller converged thermal conductivity than that of the bulk silicon. Yang \textit{et al.} \cite{yang2010nt} reported a power-law divergent thermal conductivity with respect to the system length based on their NEMD data. Our results do not support this viewpoint. In Fig. \ref{figure:1d}(b), we plot the same data from Fig. \ref{figure:1d}(a) but with a log-log scale. There might be a region where one can make a power-law fit, but the thermal conductivity eventually converges to a finite value.

\section{Summary and Conclusions}

In summary, we have compared the EMD and NEMD methods for computing thermal conductivity in three Si-based systems with different spatial dimensions: 3D bulk silicon, 2D silicene, and Q1D SiNW. Particularly, by converting the correlation time in the EMD method to an effective system length according to Eq. (\ref{equation:t2l}) with an appropriate value of the effective phonon group velocity, we can compare the EMD results directly with the NEMD results. For all the systems, we found excellent agreement between the two methods. While it is computationally prohibitive to directly obtain length-convergent thermal conductivity in the case of bulk silicon, we achieved this for silicence and SiNW, where the length-convergent thermal conductivities from the NEMD method were found to be consistent with the time-converged thermal conductivities from the EMD method. Our results thus firmly establish the expected equivalence between the two methods when long enough times and large enough systems are used in the simulations. We also note that some of the discrepancies reported in the literature are due to an incorrect implementation of the heat current for many-body potentials in LAMMPS. Inappropriate use of the linear extrapolation as expressed by Eq. (\ref{equation:fit1}) is another possible cause of inconsistency between the two methods.

\begin{acknowledgments}
This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 11404033 and
in part by the Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence program (project 312298). We acknowledge the computational resources provided by Aalto Science-IT project and Finland's IT Center for Science (CSC).
\end{acknowledgments}

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