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La settima e ultima stagione di Carabinieri, formata da 28 episodi, viene trasmessa in prima visione assoluta su Canale 5 dal 18 marzo all'8 aprile 2008 per 8 episodi, per poi sospenderla per via dei bassi ascolti, ma poi viene ripresa dal 3 giugno fino al 30 luglio 2008 per i rimanenti 20 episodi.

L'erede
Diretto da:
Scritto da: Elisabetta Flumeri, Isabella Franconetti, Maria Gabriella Giacometti, Mauro Marsili

Trama
I carabinieri vengono trasferiti presso la caserma di Montepulciano; infatti Morri (Maurizio Casagrande) ha portato con sé Contini (Walter Nudo), Sonia (Roberta Giarrusso), Laura (Francesca Chillemi), Mura (Alessandro Partexano) e Romanò (Andrea Roncato). Un improvviso blackout manda in tilt l'intera città. I Carabinieri entrano subito in azione pattugliando le strade di Montepulciano. Durante il black out un anziano muore cadendo nella tromba dell'ascensore: Giacomo (Walter Nudo) e Stefania (Chiara Ricci) accorrono sul posto. Tutto fa sembrare l'accaduto un incidente, ma Stefania non ne sembra convinta. Viene allora chiamato un tecnico che conferma i dubbi del Carabiniere: i comandi dell'ascensore sono stati manomessi in modo da provocare l'incidente costato la vita all'anziano signore. Le piste possibili sono soltanto due: la vendetta o l'eredità. Una svolta decisiva alle indagini arriva con l'apertura del testamento che vede la giovane badante rumena come erede dei beni e dell'appartamento mentre alla nipote spettano solo i gioielli di famiglia. Magda Stepien, la badante, viene così arrestata, ma la sua colpevolezza non convince Giacomo che con Stefania rintraccia una registrazione sulla segreteria telefonica del notaio, e scoprendo così che la voce registrata dall'accento russo non era di Magda ma della stessa nipote che cercava di incastrarla per impossessarsi dell'intera eredità. Convocata in caserma impiegherà poco a confessare.

Soggetti: Elisabetta Flumeri, Isabella Franconetti, Maria Gabriella Giacometti, Mauro Marsili
Collaborazione ai dialoghi: Massimo Dimunno, Giovanni Tamburino
Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 5.133.000 - share 18,83%

Uno strano sospetto
Diretto da:
Scritto da: Elisabetta Flumeri, Isabella Franconetti, Maria Gabriella Giacometti, Mauro Marsili

Trama
La caserma di Montepulciano è già pronta per il prossimo caso: infiltra così Edoardo, con i panni di un industriale con il vizio del gioco, in una bisca clandestina, al fine di controllare un certo Morganti, un pregiudicato appena arrivato nella cittadina. Al tavolo da gioco farà però una brutta scoperta: padre Paolo (Paolo Villaggio) è uno dei partecipanti vestito in abiti borghesi, decide così di annullare l'operazione. Il maresciallo Morri decide così di interrogare il sacerdote, ma le risposte non lo convincono e ordina di tenerlo d'occhio per un po' di tempo. Le scoperte sono sconvolgenti: prima lo vede incontrarsi con Morganti che gli chiederà i soldi in malo modo, poi con Mariangela Guerra alla quale offrirà del denaro. Mariangela è la proprietaria di un'importante azienda vinicola sull'orlo della bancarotta a causa dell'ultima cattiva raccolta e della donazione ingente fatta dal marito prima di mollare tutto e rinchiudersi in convento. Interrogato nuovamente padre Paolo confesserà di sentirsi in colpa per la situazione in cui si trova la donna e aver per questo giocato a carte cercando di vincere qualcosa da donarle. La situazione gli è però sfuggita di mano e ha perso ormai 10000€. Morri organizza così un secondo tentativo di cattura che, questa volta, assicura Morganti e i suoi complici alla giustizia.

Soggetti: Elisabetta Flumeri, Isabella Franconetti, Maria Gabriella Giacometti, Mauro Marsili
Collaborazione ai dialoghi: Massimo Dimunno, Giovanni Tamburino
Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.050.000 - share 18,47%

Intimi segreti
Diretto da:
Scritto da: Giulia Calenda, Barbara Rossi Prudente.

Trama
Al centro benessere Wellness continuano svariati attentati compiuti da ignoti teppisti. Giacomo e Stefania incontrano la proprietaria Anna Bacci, separata con una figlia diciassettenne, per spingerla a sporgere denuncia. La donna si mostra contraria, però, ad agire per via legali e per via di questa sua riluttanza il maresciallo Morri pensa che sia stata lei a causare i danni al suo centro per incassare i premi assicurativi. In seguito, grazie alla scoperta del distributivo di profilattici vuoto e di un locale del centro estraneo alle autorità, il comandante pensa che in quell'attività possano svolgersi attività clandestine di tipo sessuale. Francesca Rossini riesce ad infiltrarsi come cliente del centro benessere e scopre le attività illecite. Intanto Contini, scopre dalla figlia della Bacci, che la donna aveva una relazione extraconiugale con un uomo che ora non fa altro che ricattarla e chiederle soldi. I carabinieri di Montepulciano, facendo alcune ricerche sull'uomo, scoprono che non è altro che uno gigolò. Edoardo, intanto, che si era infiltrato come massaggiatore nel centro benessere, subito dopo che Sergio, l'amante di Anna, viene arrestato per la sua professione di gigolò, scopre che anche la donna è coinvolta in quel giro di prostituzioni ed entrambi vengono arrestati. Intanto in caserma arriva il colonnello Di Chiara, uomo che il maresciallo Stefania Virgili sembra conoscere. Stefania esce con la pattuglia in compagnia di Federico. I due fermano un uomo per un controllo. Alla vista, in macchina di quest'ultimo di un fucile, i due chiamano il comando. L'uomo cerca di scappare e allora Stefania, nel tentativo di fermarlo, spara apparentemente colpendo nulla. Non appena però, il polverone alzato dalla velocità con cui il fuggitivo è scappato sparisce, Girelli e Virgili trovano davanti a loro una visione agghiacciante: pare che Stefania, con quello sparo, abbia colpito una passante che ora è a terra priva di sensi.

Soggetti: Giulia Calenda, Barbara Rossi Prudente
Collaborazione ai dialoghi: Massimo Dimunno, Giovanni Tamburino
Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.628.000 - share 16,73%

Lo sparo
Diretto da:
Scritto da: Giulia Calenda, Barbara Rossi Prudente.

Trama
Il maresciallo Virgili e i suoi colleghi sono preoccupati per le sorti di Assunta Pozzi, la donna che Stefania ha ferito in strada con un colpo di pistola. La donna si risveglia dal coma, ma si teme che possa riportare danni permanenti. Il caso viene affidato al colonnello Di Chiara, una vecchia fiamma di Stefania, quando era nei Ros. Arriva una segnalazione di un tentativo di furto nella villa di Leonardo Fasani, il più ricco imprenditore agricolo della zona. Gli agenti Claudio e Federico scoprono che Assunta Pozzi è la cameriera dei Fasani e che la sera dell'incidente sarebbe dovuta essere in villa per assistere al figlio dei Fasani. Giacomo è insospettito dal fatto che la donna fosse in strada e non accanto al piccolo, in casa. Federico scopre che la targa dell'automobile fermata al posto di blocco prima dell'incidente è stata assegnata dalla motorizzazione ad un camion; Laura e Romanò scoprono che gli operai dell'azienda agricola di Fasani scioperano per i massicci licenziamenti. Giacomo accompagna Stefania all'ospedale per far visita alla donna ormai fuori pericolo, ma la vedono allontanarsi in macchina col marito, che Stefania riconosce essere il fuggiasco del posto di blocco. Si intensificano i sospetti, sul fatto che siano stati loro a tentare la rapina, confermati da Mura e Romanò i quali scoprono che il marito di Assunta è stato il primo operaio licenziato. L'improvvisa scomparsa del figlio dei Fasani offre ai carabinieri, la risoluzione del caso: i coniugi Pozzi hanno rapito il bambino a scopo di lucro; raggiunti nel casolare di campagna vengono arrestati. Per Stefania il pericolo è passato: decade l'accusa di abuso d'arma da fuoco e Di Chiara complimentandosi con lei, le confessa si essersi trasferito a Montepulciano per rivederla. In caserma, intanto, mentre Giacomo e Paola stanno chiacchierando, la donna avverte un malore e immediatamente sviene.

Soggetti: Giulia Calenda, Barbara Rossi Prudente
Collaborazione ai dialoghi: Massimo Dimunno, Giovanni Tamburino
Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.066.000 - share 18,51%

Terapie alternative
Diretto da:
Scritto da:

Trama
In un centro di medicina naturale viene scoperto un truffatore senza competenza che non sapendo le erbe che somministrava ha fatto interrompere due gravidanze

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.621.000 - share 16,36%

Un ring per Giacomo
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Scritto da:

Trama
In seguito ad un incidente dove viene ritirata la patente a Margherita e al sindaco, Stefania e Giacomo trovano un pugile ferito e lo portano al pronto soccorso. Nel corso delle indagini si scopre che il ragazzo non era stato malmenato bensì aveva perso conoscenza e in seguito caduto. Se all'inizio la colpa era caduta sul suo compagno, poiché questo ragazzo era gay, poi si scopre che questo traffico di anabolizzanti proveniva dalla palestra frequentata dal ragazzo, la quale era aiutata dal dottore della ASL. Dopo aver concluso le indagini vediamo Paola che cerca di chiarire con Giacomo il quale non ne vuole proprio sapere e allo stesso tempo Stefania siede al tavolo con il colonnello Di Chiara.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.150.000 - share 19,52%

Rapine in villa
Diretto da:
Scritto da:

Trama
Una serie di furti nelle ville di campagna nei dintorni di Montepulciano chiama in azione i Carabinieri; dopo la festa per l'anniversario di matrimonio un'anziana coppia è stata narcotizzata e derubata di una preziosa tela. A partire dagli unici indizi, un'azienda di catering e una misteriosa utilitaria parcheggiata nel parco della villa, viene seguita la pista che porta all'incriminazione dell'insospettabile Germano, il simpatico proprietario del bar della piazza. Convinti della sua innocenza, i Carabinieri dovranno riuscire a dimostrare la sua estraneità ai fatti catturando il vero ladro.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.119.000 - share 15,06%

Donne e veleni
Diretto da: Giandomenico Trillo
Scritto da: Luigi Spagnol

Trama
La scoperta di una conceria clandestina e delle convenienze locali.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 3.820.000 - share 18,48%

Uno strano incidente
Diretto da: Raffaele Mertes, Alessandro Cane
Scritto da: Elisabetta Flumeri, Maria Gabriella Giacometti

Trama
Un incidente provoca un'amnesia temporanea al comandante.

Guest star: Gianluca Testa
Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.760.000 - share 18,42%

Una presenza inquietante
Diretto da: Raffaele Mertes, Alessandro Cane
Scritto da: Elisabetta Flumeri, Maria Gabriella Giacometti

Trama
Arresto di una coppia di usurai.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.135.000 - share 20,63%

Salto nel vuoto
Diretto da: Raffaele Mertes, Alessandro Cane
Scritto da: Marco Costa

Trama
Dopo il tentato suicidio di una tossicomane, amica di Laura Flestero, si indaga sugli spacciatori.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.437.000 - share 17,68%

La migliore terapia
Diretto da: Raffaele Mertes, Alessandro Cane
Scritto da: Luigi Spagnol

Trama
Furto di gioielli nelle terme di Chianciano

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 3.915.000 - share 19,85%

Missione speciale
Diretto da:
Scritto da:

Trama
In missione a Malta in cui sospettano di una persona per traffico di armi in Africa. Giacomo e Stefania si fingono marito e moglie.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.911.000 - share 19,90%

Ventiquattro ore
Diretto da:
Scritto da:

Trama
Giacomo e Stefania scoprono che il traffico d'armi viene smistato da Juri: mentre Giacomo (Walter Nudo) cerca di ritardare di far partire la nave, Stefania è sotto tiro, perché il trafficante ha scoperto che lei era una agente del ROS.
Intanto a Montepulciano si scopre una macchinetta delle fototessere che dà tagli di droga sbagliati.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.855.000 - share 25,69%

Scomparso
Diretto da:
Scritto da:

Trama
La scomparsa di un dentista in depressione dopo la nascita della figlia.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.769.000 - share 19,60%

La forza della tradizione
Diretto da:
Scritto da:

Trama
Il bravio rischia di saltare dopo alcuni tentativi di sabotaggio.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.307.000 - share 23,21%

In vino veritas
Diretto da:
Scritto da: Stefano Pratesi

Trama
L'azienda vinicola del sindaco rischia la chiusura con l'accusa di gravi sofisticazioni.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 3.178.000 - share 14,02%

La donna in viola
Diretto da:
Scritto da:

Trama
Un'ondata di mistero e terrore turba gli animi della tranquilla cittadina di Montepulciano: qualcuno giura di aver visto il fantasma della Baronessa di Torre Alta tornare nel suo antico palazzo per attuare una tremenda vendetta. L'arrivo dall'Australia dell'unica erede del palazzo, a cui sembrano rivolte le minacce del fantasma, getta nuova luce sul caso svelando gli occulti interessi che si celano dietro al macabro splendore del luogo. Sollecitato dalla Virgili, anche il Maresciallo Contini dovrà tentare di affrontare i propri fantasmi e lasciare Paola ma una tragica notizia colpisce lui e tutti i colleghi della Caserma: l'Appuntato Orlandini, infatti, annuncia la morte del Brigadiere Marco Tosi.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 3.258.000 share 18,48%

Caccia all'uomo
Diretto da:
Scritto da:

Trama
Sconvolti dalla tragica morte del brigadiere Marco Tosi, ucciso da un pregiudicato in fuga, i colleghi dell'Arma avviano una serrata caccia all'uomo: l'assassino è ferito e si nasconde in zona. Oltre alla moglie Caterina distrutta dal dolore i più colpiti dalla morte del collega sono Baldi che ha assistito all'omicidio e si rimprovera di non essere stato capace di salvarlo e Sonia Martini legata a Tosi da profonda amicizia. Le indagini rivelano che un vecchio compagno di cella del fuggiasco vive nella zona e le ricerche si concentrano intorno alla sua casa. L'eccessivo coinvolgimento emotivo di Sonia non sfugge ad Edoardo che riesce a fermarla dal compiere un'azione precipitosa. Sonia confortata da Laura e da Padre Paolo nota lo strano atteggiamento del frate che sembra nascondere qualcosa. La delicata operazione di sorveglianza del Frosini non sembra portare a risultati apprezzabili finché l'uomo non viene intercettato in compagnia di una tranquilla impiegata. Le indagini svelano che nel passato della donna c'è un soggiorno a Roma proprio nel quartiere dove ha vissuto il fuggiasco. Mentre i colleghi indagano Sonia sorvegliando Padre Paolo fa una scoperta: il nascondiglio del fuggitivo. Accecata dell'odio per l'assassino Sonia sta' per compiere un passo falso, ma l'intervento del Colonnello Di Chiara risolverà la situazione. Stefania rassegnata dall'incapacità di Contini di lasciare Paola si riavvicina a Di Chiara.
Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.101.000 - share 19,78%

Il cameriere
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Scritto da:

Trama
L'improvvisa scomparsa del genero è un duro colpo per il Maresciallo Morri che tenta di trovare la tranquillità dedicandosi alla figlia Caterina e alla nipotina Giulia. Consapevoli della difficile situazione del loro superiore, i suoi sottoposti tentato di ovviare al suo momentaneo scarso attaccamento al lavoro applicandosi con grande partecipazione ad un nuovo caso, ovvero una serie di truffe telematiche ai danni di possessori di carte di credito che denunciano di aver subito furti per centinaia di euro attraverso acquisti mai fatti. Scartata l'ipotesi della clonazione delle carte di credito, che dai tabulati bancari risultano essere tutte autentiche, i carabinieri scoprono che gli acquisti truffaldini risultano tutti accreditati ad una società informatica la cui titolare unica risulta essere Monica Grandi, la donna delle pulizie della caserma, la quale rivendica la sua totale estraneità. La scoperta che i più recenti acquisti risultano fatti con le carte di credito di alcuni clienti di un noto ristorante del luogo offrono agli investigatori una nuova pista da seguire. Per indagare sulla truffa il colonnello Di Chiara propone alla Virgili una cena da infiltrati ma richiamato da altri incarichi deve cedere il posto al Maresciallo Contini. La scoperta nella lista dei truffati c'è anche Edoardo che recentemente ha portato Roberta al ristorante spinge gli agenti ad una indagine più ravvicinata. Un insospettabile cameriere stagionale cui il titolare ha affidato l'accesso al POS per il pagamento dei conti viene bloccato mentre tenta l'ennesima truffa. Morri sembra aver recuperato l'interesse al lavoro; Baldi, invece, vuole lasciare l'Arma, ma Contini riuscirà a convincerlo di farsi trasferire in missione all'estero per poter ritrovare interesse per il suo lavoro; Sonia, a causa del suo comportamento impulsivo durante il caso sulla morte di Tosi, si trasferisce e Contini si dimostrerà ancora una volta indeciso e confuso sui suoi sentimenti.
Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 3.698.000 - share 21,65%

Guido
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Trama
Mentre Edoardo Mariani confessa a Roberta di sentirsi in colpa per il suo ruolo di amante clandestino, il marito della donna, lo stimato avvocato Merli, finisce al centro di una grave indagine. Una adolescente ha denunciato un tentativo di stupro da parte di un automobilista cui aveva chiesto un passaggio e le prime indagini sembrano inchiodare proprio Merli. Il Maresciallo Morri però non sembra convinto della sua colpevolezza e pensa che si tratti di una trappola organizzata da qualche nemico del legale e avvia un'indagine più approfondita. Roberta disperata per le sorti del marito chiede ad Edoardo, che accetta, di aiutarla nel tentativo di provare l'innocenza di Merli, ma il ritrovamento delle sue impronte sull'auto dell'avvocato la stessa usata da Roberta fanno sì che Morri lo allontani dall'indagine. Il confronto tra l'adolescente e l'avvocato sembra confermare la tesi della ragazza, ma un'intuizione di Morri porta su altre piste. Tra gli indiziati ci sono la giovane assistente dell'avvocato che all'improvviso lascia il lavoro, il proprietario di un'azienda che ha perso una causa istruita da Merli e il dirigente di una multinazionale accusato di molestie sessuali da una ragazza difesa dal legale. Edoardo agendo di sua iniziativa decide di seguire la ragazza che ha denunciato il marito della sua amante e scopre che la madre lavora come impiegata presso l'azienda di uno degli indiziati. Sottoposta ad un pressante interrogatorio la ragazza confessa di essere stata convinta dalla madre ad accettare la proposta del dirigente di fingersi vittima del tentato stupro in cambio di denaro e la promessa di un futuro da modella.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.176.000 - share 21.22%

Non torno a casa
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Trama
Mentre è in viaggio in pullman per andare a Firenze dalla madre malata l'agente Giorgio Orlandini deve dare prova del suo coraggio e della sua destrezza. Uno squilibrato, salito sul pullman per inseguire la moglie, tiene in ostaggio lui e gli altri passeggeri minacciandoli di morte. Giorgio dapprima tenta di far ragionare l'uomo ma invano e si rende conto di dover passare all'azione. Tra i passeggeri c'è un malato di cuore che si sente male ma il pazzo impedisce all'autista di fermarsi e continua interrogare la moglie sospettata ingiustamente di tradirla. Giorgio ne'impossibilità di contrastarlo fisicamente riesce in maniera rischiosa a mettersi in contatto con la caserma con il telefono di servizio ma i colleghi non riescono a decifrare il messaggio inviato; Virgili con una brillante intuizione capisce la situazione. I carabinieri inseguono il pullman a bordo del quale Orlandini è sempre più in difficoltà essendo stato scoperto dallo squilibrato che lo sospetta anche di essere l'amante della moglie. Gli agenti riescono a fermare e dopo una trattativa l'uomo riesce ad ottenere un'auto per fuggire con la moglie, ma Orlandini con una mossa a sorpresa riesce a bloccarlo. Lavorando fianco a fianco di Virgili il Maresciallo Contini le dichiara il suo amore ma, sebbene innamorata, Stefania gli resiste: la possibilità di un ritorno di Paola è ancora forte.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.101.000 - share 22.28%

Fantasmi del passato
Diretto da: Raffaele Mertes, Giandomenico Trillo
Scritto da:

Trama
Una vecchia ferita nella coscienza dell'agente Romanò ricomincia a sanguinare quando il giovane figlio di un pregiudicato, da lui ucciso vent'anni addietro durante una sparatoria, viene incriminato per spaccio di stupefacenti. Convinto della sua innocenza e deciso a riscattarsi dall'errore commesso in gioventù, l'agente si lancerà in una rischiosa impresa solitaria per portare alla luce la verità sul caso. Lasciato da Paola, il maresciallo Contini tenta di avvicinarsi a Stefania ma lei non cede e pur di non lasciarsi coinvolgere accetta il pressante corteggiamento del Colonnello Di Chiara.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 4.155.000 - share 21,89%

Il chakra
Diretto da: Raffaele Mertes, Giandomenico Trillo
Scritto da:

Trama
La bizzarra denuncia del furto di un chakra fatta da Monica Grandi a carico dell'affascinante esperta di esoterismo Adriana Bazler conduce gli agenti alla cattura di un sedicente medium colpevole di truffa e ricatto. Finalmente libero dal legame con Paola, il maresciallo Contini approfitta della collaborazione con la Virgili per convincerla dell'onestà dei suoi sentimenti ma lei, diffidente, per non farsi coinvolgere accetta di uscire ancora una volta con il Colonnello Di Chiara.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 3.554.000 - share 22,50%

Furto in sacrestia
Diretto da: Raffaele Mertes, Giandomenico Trillo
Scritto da:

Trama
I carabinieri della caserma di Montepulciano l'indagine sul furto di una preziosa tela della chiesa di Padre Paolo si rivela particolarmente delicata poiché l'unica indiziata è la madre della collega Francesca Rossini, di passaggio nella cittadina per una visita alla figlia. Mentre Edoardo Mariani è finalmente libero di ufficializzare la relazione con Roberta che si è separata dal marito, Giacomo Contini deve reprimere i suoi sentimenti per Stefania che, temendo un ritorno di Paola, si sforza di mantenere le distanze.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 3.773.000 - share 18,49%

Luci rosse
Diretto da: Raffaele Mertes, Giandomenico Trillo
Scritto da:

Trama
Le autorità civili e religiose di Montepulciano diventano il bersaglio di un misterioso fotografo che minaccia lo scandalo attraverso la diffusione di fotografie "compromettenti". Quando alla minaccia, si aggiunge il ricatto, i Carabinieri danno inizio ad un'indagine serrata che li condurrà alla cattura di un giovane determinato a vendicare un grave torto subito dal padre. Per l'agente Petri l'indagine si rivelerà l'occasione giusta per trovare l'amore, mentre per il maresciallo Contini sarà l'ennesima occasione mancata per dichiararsi alla Virgili.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 3.261.000 - share 19,19%

Il caso Di Chiara
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Trama
Il colonnello Di Chiara finisce al centro dell'indagine sull'omicidio della sua domestica, una giovane indiana trovata morta in casa sua. Tutto sembra cospirare contro di lui ma la fedeltà dei colleghi e l'assoluta fiducia in lui da parte del maresciallo Virgili riusciranno a condurlo in salvo e a fare luce sull'oscura vicenda familiare che ha causato la morte della giovane immigrata. Consapevole dell'angoscia provata dalla Virgili nel corso dell'indagine il maresciallo Contini troverà finalmente il coraggio di dichiararle il suo grande amore.

Ascolti Italia: telespettatori 3.839.000 - share 20,42%

Pericolo a scuola
Diretto da: Raffaele Mertes, Giandomenico Trillo
Scritto da:

Trama
La positiva conclusione della vicenda che ha coinvolto il Colonnello Di Chiara offre a Stefania l'occasione per chiarire che tra loro è ormai tutto finito. Il maresciallo Contini non ne è però ancora del tutto convinto e la Virgili tenterà di convincerlo durante la collaborazione ad una nuova indagine: un caso di spaccio di droga in una scuola dove è stato trovato un pacco di pasticche di ecstasy. Un'indagine in cui l'avvenente agente Rossini, infiltrata nei panni di insegnante di educazione fisica, rischierà di diventare la vittima di un gruppo di ragazzi assetati di trasgressione.
Alla fine della puntata Stefania e Giacomo si chiariscono e si baciano.

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Сельцо́ (), или вес(ь) (wies)  — обособленный мелкий хуторок, исторический тип населённого пункта в России (в Русском царстве и Российской империи) и Речи Посполитой, с XVI века — сельский населённый пункт без церкви, но хотя бы с одним двором землевладельца и рядом хозяйственных построек, иногда с часовней.

Кроме того, до революции 1917 года в России сельцом называли помещичий дом и несколько крестьянских изб, в которых проживала прислуга помещика. В знаменитом словаре В. И. Даля указано что Сельцо, селе́чко, Воронежский край — деревня, селенье, особенно барское, более где барский дом. Опустевшее, без жителей («неоселое», «пустое», «пустошь») сельцо носило название селище.

В России

В Писцовой книге 1585—1586 годов записано в Черкизовскую вотчину царевича Иоана Иоановича (сына Иоана Васильевича «Грозного») «… пустошь, что было сельцо Машкино … да к тому ж сельцу припущены в пашню две пустоши: пустошь Пестово, да пустошь Горбуново …».

С XVII до начала XX века в России сельцом называлось небольшое сельское поселение без церкви (иногда с часовней), но хотя бы с одним помещичьим двором и несколькими крестьянскими избами, в которых, как правило, проживали прислуга и работники помещика.

В XVIII — первой половине XIX века термин «сельцо» бытовал уже наряду с термином «деревня» и фактически означал то же самое — небольшой сельский населенный пункт.

В Речи Посполитой
В Великом княжестве Литовском сельцом назывался обособленный мелкий хуторок. Сельцо составляло непосредственное подразделение волости. В исторических актах сельцо чаще всего встречается в Смоленской земле, но немало указаний на него и в других областях Западной Руси.

Сельцо тянуло (платило дань), наравне с сёлами, непосредственно к господарским или панским дворам или же входило в общий состав волости: люди тяглые и служебные некоторых дворов господарских иногда жили исключительно мелкими посёлками, приписанными к дворам. Сельцо состояло весьма часто лишь из одного-двух дымов (редко до пяти дворищ, служб или жеребьёв) и было весьма малолюдно: в некоторых сельцах сидело всего по одному человеку, в других — по одной семье с братьей, в третьих — «дети» такого-то. С другой стороны, были старые сельца, где первичная семья, основательница сельца, разрасталась, и в одном сельце появлялось несколько дымов или изб, с жившими в них новыми семьями.

По различию повинностей, сельца называются в актах служебными, панцирными, щитными, конюшскими, тяглыми, посошинными, данными и тому подобное; указывается в актах также на то, что иногда целый ряд небольших селец несет сообща одну службу.

Сельца опустевшее, без жителей («неоселое», «пустое», «пустошь»), носило название селища. Сельцо становится «пустым», «пустошью», когда к нему нет «наследка», «отчича», который бы жил в нём и продолжал обрабатывать землю. Селище-пустошь является, когда жившая в нём крестьянская семья вымирает, или когда человек вольный, перехожий уходит из господарского или панского имения, или когда убегает «отчич»; в этих случаях сельцо становится «неоселым», земля лежит без обработки и превращается в селище-пустошь.

Впрочем, сельцо могло сделаться пустым селищем и без ухода крестьян в иную землю: при существовании лесной, переложной (лядинной) системы сельского хозяйства, занятая рольником лесная роспашь, или ляда, через несколько лет усиленной эксплуатации истощалась, и рольщик по необходимости оставлял своё сельцо и переходил на другое место, чтобы занять «новину»; во всех подобных случаях старая ляда и сельцо обращались в «лядище» и «селище», пока рольник снова не занимал старое своё селище, которое продолжало так называться и в последующее время.

Селищем становилось сельцо и в тех случаях, когда сам землевладелец переводил людей в другое место, их же селище занимал под двор. Селищем продолжала называться пустошь и после того, как она, путём данины господарской или по частной сделке владельца земли, снова заселялась, становилась «оселым» селищем. Иногда селище имело значение «приселка», иногда означало отдельные дворища и вообще поселки, тянувшие к господарскому замку в качестве его волости. Наконец, под селищами разумелись вообще крестьянские селидьбы, принадлежавшие к составу жалованных или купленных имений.

Примечания

Литература

Ссылки
 Село, деревня, сельцо, починок…

Типы населённых пунктов
Населённый пункт
Планировочные единицы
География Русского государства
Право Русского государства


text:
Leeward Renewable Energy finalizes multi-year module supply deal with First Solar
By Chris Crowell May 2, 2022
Leeward Renewable Energy and First Solar have entered into an additional multi-year framework supply agreement, through which First Solar will provide LRE with 1 GWdc of its ultra-low carbon thin-film photovoltaic (PV) solar modules. LRE will deploy these modules across its 20 GW solar development and construction pipeline in the U.S. over 2023 and 2024.
This agreement builds on a long, productive relationship between LRE and First Solar. This latest agreement expands LRE's order book with First Solar to over 3 GW of modules that are estimated to enable the build of 18 new sites from 2022 – 2024.
"We are pleased to build on our strong relationship with First Solar and support the expansion of domestic solar manufacturing," said Eran Mahrer, Chief Strategy Officer at LRE. "This agreement creates significant growth opportunities bringing stability, predictability and diminished risk from geopolitical tensions to our solar module supply chain, and by extension to our finance, construction, and offtake partners. We look forward to working closely with First Solar and other U.S.-based component manufacturers as we aggressively expand our solar portfolio."
Designed and developed at its research and development (R&D) centers in California and Ohio, First Solar's thin film PV modules have a carbon footprint that is 2.5 times lower and a water footprint that is three times lower than the average crystalline silicon solar panel made with cells produced in China.
"Sophisticated project developers such as LRE are looking to secure their development portfolios by partnering with a module supply partner that offers a reliable, clean energy solution with a long-term agreement structure," said Georges Antoun, chief commercial officer at First Solar.
First Solar is investing $680 million in expanding America's domestic PV solar manufacturing capacity by 3.3 GW annually, by building its third US manufacturing facility, in Lake Township, Ohio. The new facility is expected to be commissioned in the first half of 2023 and when fully operational will scale the company's Northwest Ohio footprint to a total annual capacity of 6 GW, which is believed to make it the largest fully vertically integrated solar manufacturing complex outside of China.
In addition to its Ohio manufacturing facilities, First Solar also operates factories in Vietnam and Malaysia, and is building a new 3.3 GW factory in India that is expected to be commissioned in the second half of 2023.
Tags: First Solar
Duke Energy evaluating Ford F-150 Lightning as a grid resource in Florida
Greenskies completes rooftop solar project at Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania
What's holding up utility-scale energy storage development?
Solar installations down 24 percent year over year in Q1

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This section contains all of my Maya MEL Scripts AND Maya Plug-ins that I have released. All of these items are supplied as is. You alone are soley responsible for any issues, damages or effects of the software, I make no warranties either implicit or implied as to the useablity, safety, or quality of the software. Use at your own risk.
Do all the boring tutorials like creating calculations and "hello world", understand what functions, loops, arrays and conditional statements are, what passing by reference vs passing by value means. Then there are all the python high-level specific things like maps and dictionaries and you need to understand all of this before you can start mixing python with maya.
Unfortunately, we have been used to the fact that a name has nothing to do with the object it names. John, Mary, and Steve say almost nothing about the people it names. Maybe just that they all speak English. We don't know if the are tall or short if they are good with computers or know how to paint or play the piano.
Of course, the reason for that is that their parents had no idea how would their kids behave when they would grow up.
But, fortunately, it is different when we write the code. When we create an element of our code, it does not matter if it is a constant, variable, method or a class, we know for sure what it will be used for. So we are in a better position to choose a name. And even if we are wrong and the purpose of the element will evolve, we can change the name anytime. Most of the modern IDE-s have a refactoring option that can change a name across the project.
Another great feature the IDE-s of today have is that they prepopulate the names. You start typing a couple of letters and they give you a dropdown to select the best options for the specific context. So we don't really type the whole names anymore.
And because of this, there is no reason to save the space and use short names. We can use names as long as we want if they are useful.
The advantage is obvious. So go crazy!
Royalty-free, open standards for 3D graphics, Virtual and Augmented Reality, Parallel Computing, Neural Networks and Vision Processing.
Notes from Live-drawing with Code and Immersive Virtual Measurement & Analytics lecture including HPC Visualisation demos at the Expended Perception and Interaction Centre (EPICentre) on 16 August 2017 at UNSW Art & Design. Khronos APIs: OpenCL OpenGL OpenGL ES WebGL WebCL COLLADA OpenVG OpenSL ES OpenMAX AL OpenMAX IL EGL StreamInput OpenVX OpenWF OpenKODE OpenML. MeetUp James Riordon Organiser, Sydney.
Tomasz Bednarz is an A/Professor and Director of Visualisation at the Expanded Perception and Interaction Centre (EPICentre) UNSW Art & Design and Team Leader at CSIRO's Data61 (Visual Analytics Team, Software & Computational Systems Program). He is also linked with the ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers (ACEMS) and holds Adjunct positions at the QUT (School of Mathematical Sciences), University of Sydney (Design Lab) and University of South Australia (School of IT and Math Sciences). He has done his doctorate and masters in computational science area, and is currently undertaking MBA-Executive study at the ACU. Over last couple of years at he has been involved in wide range of projects in area of immersive visualisation, human-computer interaction, computational imaging and visualisation, multi-sensors assimilation. He led cloud-based imaging project that received merit Queensland's iAward in 2015 (http://cloudimaging.net.au). He has been leading project Platform for Big Data Analytics and Visual Analytics, connecting data analytics, statistical modelling, image analytics, machine learning, visualisation into one stack of reusable solutions. His broad range of expertise is evidenced by the quality and number of publications, http://www.researcherid.com/rid/A-7376-2011.
Bio: Wesley Griffin is a Computer Scientist in the High Performance Computing and Visualization Group of the Applied and Computational Mathematics Division of the Information Technology Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). He currently works on realtime interactive systems both at the infrastructure level and at visualization creation of scientific data produced at NIST. He earned his PhD in Computer Science from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in 2016.
Everything starts with the pixel, whatever you display on the screen. The pixels are the building blocks and can be real time visualisation, not pre-rendered animations including interactive 3D Graphics for the web, mobile 3D graphics.
Attach a mathematical function to each of the pixels, when you can display a pixel you can do every thing, every pixel on the screen is a mathematical function. Two triangle rendering, uses triangles and GPUts to power pixels and works in the browser.
Underground art in Europe, programming and self expression. DemoScene. Mathematically driven visualisations that were synchronised to the music.
DEMOSCENE: an international computer art subculture that specializes in producing demos: small, self-contained computer programs that produce audio-visual presentations. The main goal of a demo is to show off programming, artistic, and musical skills.
Demoscene.info – is a worldwide non-commercial network of creative minds involved in the making of so called 'demos'. Demos are computer generated music clips that show what kind of graphic and sound effects can really be done by using high-end computer hardware to its full potential.
VULKAN: is a new generation graphics and compute API that provides high-efficiency, cross-platform access to modern GPUs used in a wide variety of devices from PCs and consoles to mobile phones and embedded platforms.
Vulkan is a low-overhead, cross-platform3D graphics and computeAPI. Vulkan targets high-performance realtime 3D graphics applications such as video games and interactive media across all platforms. Compared with OpenGL and Direct3D 11 and like Direct3D 12 and Mantle, Vulkan is intended to offer higher performance and more balanced CPU/GPU usage. Other major differences from Direct3D 11 (and prior) and OpenGL are Vulkan being a considerably lower level API and offering parallel tasking. Vulkan also has the ability to render 2D graphics applications, however it is generally suited for 3D. In addition to its lower CPU usage, Vulkan is also able to better distribute work amongst multiple CPU cores.
Open Graphics Library (OpenGL) is a cross-language, cross-platformapplication programming interface (API) for rendering 2D and 3Dvector graphics. The API is typically used to interact with a graphics processing unit (GPU), to achieve hardware-acceleratedrendering. Silicon Graphics Inc., (SGI) started developing OpenGL in 1991 and released it in January 1992; applications use it extensively in the fields of computer-aided design (CAD), virtual reality, scientific visualization, information visualization, flight simulation, and video games. Since 2006 OpenGL has been managed by the non-profittechnology consortiumKhronos Group.
MANDELBROT: The Mandelbrot set has become popular outside mathematics both for its aesthetic appeal and as an example of a complex structure arising from the application of simple rules. It is one of the best-known examples of mathematical visualisation. The simplest algorithm for generating a representation of the Mandelbrot set is known as the "escape time" algorithm. A repeating calculation is performed for each x, y point in the plot area and based on the behavior of that calculation, a color is chosen for that pixel. A more accurate coloring method involves using a histogram, which keeps track of how many pixels reached each iteration number, from 1 to n. This method will equally distribute colors to the same overall area, and, importantly, is independent of the maximal number of iterations chosen.
DISTANCE FIELD: using maths to create mesh using distance field.
Raymarching of distance field proved super powerful for creating rich images with complex shapes procedurally and interesting efficient lighting effects in a minimal amount of code. Not only the actual content creation code modeling was small, but the actual renderer itself, the whole technical setup to sinthetize images was ridiculously compact comparing to a mesh based rasterizer or raytracer. So, the exercise became really fruitful and I produced 5 images in 2008 alone that I presented to the "4 kilobyte Procedural Image" category of different demo partys across Europe. Those images where created in the many cores of the CPU in a tile based manner.
FRAGMENT SHADER: is the Shader stage that will process a Fragment generated by the Rasterization into a set of colors and a single depth value. The fragment shader is the OpenGL pipeline stage after a primitive is rasterized. For each sample of the pixels covered by a primitive, a "fragment" is generated. Each fragment has a Window Space position, a few other values, and it contains all of the interpolated per-vertex output values from the last Vertex Processing stage.
The output of a fragment shader is a depth value, a possible stencil value (unmodified by the fragment shader), and zero or more color values to be potentially written to the buffers in the current frame buffers. Fragment shaders take a single fragment as input and produce a single fragment as output.
Some examples jotted down quickly – accuracy not guaranteed, give the general idea. Functions such as mix, smooth step, sin and time can be combine as you go.
gl_FragColor = vec4(1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0) //sending to this variable numbers and those numbers represent values of the colours in this case, r,g,b,a. Can be mathematical functions, floating numbers. A function on every pixel and starting to mix colours. Does not give location of the pixel.
= vec4 smoothstep(0.5,st.x)//define two points, middle of the screen in x, where the interpolation happens between 0 and 1, two values for a smooth transition.
gl_FragColor = vec4(smoothstep(0.5,0.0(uv.x*sin(1GlobalTime),uv.x),0.0,0.0,1.0);//sin function, how much to interpolate the step function, changes the value of interpolation into different directions. The sin function can be multiplied. Have a smooth gradient to move the function. Add a Sin Function to the drawing. Using only one line of code.
uv.x = iResolution.x/iResolution.y;//aspect ration correction will correct regardless of the window size because correcting the x and y of the window size.
Experimental – description of natural phenomena. Measurements as in the renaissance era, look at the sky and see what was gong on and develop a theory base on observations.
Theoretical – Newton's Law, Maxwell's Equations. Start with a theory and then make observations to test the theory, an hypothesis and then test to see if it is true base on observations about 100 years ago.
Computational – simulation of complex phenomena. Large, high performance, parallel machines that can do big number crunching, taking the theory and turn it into a model and develop a mathematical model that encapsulated the theory. Run the program, generating data that would inform the theory and model, about 20 years ago.
The physicists, computer and visualisation expert working together developing a theory, building a model, implementing it, running the computations to generate data and the output can be visualise which then informs both the model and the theory. The computations and visualisation of the data informs both the model and theory.
Data-Intensive – must move from data to information to knowledge. Data mining, taking a lot of data and run an algorithm or some kind of artificial intelligence and then helps to develop a theory or model based on the data.
Petabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. The prefix peta indicates the fifth power of 1000 and means 1015 in the International System of Units (SI), and therefore 1 petabyte is one quadrillion (short scale) bytes, or 1 billiard (long scale) bytes. The unit symbol for the petabyte is PB. 1 PB = 1000000000000000B = 1015bytes = 1000terabytes. A related unit, the pebibyte (PiB), using a binary prefix, is equal to 10245 bytes, which is more than 12% greater (250 bytes = 1125899906842624bytes).
Need visualisation of data sets otherwise cannot make sense of it. Problems storing the data that they are dealing with. 100000 computer nodes in a one super computer and each node will be able to computer at 125 petabytes per second. The computation is in the chip, each of the nodes while have memory, when write out to memory it will drop own to 4 and 1/2 petabytes per second of memory bandwidth and will already be losing data from the register file of the CPU to the memory bank in the ram. Already cannot visualise some of the data that is being computed.
On node visualisation v off node visualisation. All the nodes are interconnected, the interconnect, very high speed network and the interconnect data rate is 24 TB per sec. Lose more when sending data across nodes, off node visualisation. To write the data to disk, drops again. Going from 125 PB to 1.4 TB of data bandwith.
ATOMIC CLOCK NIST-F1 is a cesium fountain clock, a type of atomic clock, in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Boulder, Colorado, and serves as the United States' primary time and frequency standard. The clock took less than four years to test and build, and was developed by Steve Jefferts and Dawn Meekhof of the Time and Frequency Division of NIST's Physical Measurement Laboratory.
Also has US copy kilogram, last si unit, system of units, that is tied to a physical object.
National Metrology The science of improving meansurement and how accurate it is.
HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING and VISUALISATION, develop simulation codes for visualisations including simulation and experiments. Processes data fro one source and taking to another source so it can be visualised. There is a cave, which is a three screen cave with two walls and a floor. Stand in a corner and almost a 180º emersion. Take the three sides, then another three sides and stick together for 360º video, virtual 6 sided cave.
Concrete, second largest material used in the world behind water with the main ingredient being sand. There is little scientific knowledge about how concrete works.
Last time 15 million hours were used on the computer and ran the model 4 times.
Using a numerical model, giving the scientists the opportunity to validate the experiments. Using visualisation to see what is happening.
RHEOMETER is a laboratory device used to measure the way in which a liquid, suspension or slurry flows in response to applied forces. It is used for those fluids which cannot be defined by a single value of viscosity and therefore require more parameters to be set and measured than is the case for a viscometer. It measures the rheology of the fluid.
Live Coding as a Performing Art Practice. Demo performance and lecture by Juan A. Romero and Patrick Borgeat on the growing international live coding scene, audio live coding in the SuperCollider programming language and their work with Benoît and the Mandelbrots, a renowned live coding band based in Karlsruhe, Germany.
SUPERCOMPUTING CONFERENCE Each program in the SC Conference is dedicated to showcasing work in high performance computing, networking, storage and analysis by the international HPC community. The core of the Conference is the Technical Program with peer-reviewed content for every track; a series of Student Programs to engage and foster the next generation of HPC professionals; community awards to honor researchers in the field; and the fastest research network, SCinet, built to support high performing applications and demonstrations during the Conference.
VIS MATTERS 2017: Visualisation Matters 2017 is designed to inspire audiences and demonstrate how art, science, design and engineering can be closely connected through visual creativity.
An interesting article in iiNet's September 2015 eNewsletter: Should students learn how to code?
# backendimport maya.cmds as mc # import MEL command library so python knows what they are, use mc.
import maya.mel as mel # to run an internal mel command inside python, use mel.# proc/definition to run the list first to populate if set/s already existdef update_list(*args): # any number of parameters, load up the set list.
mel.eval("polySelectBorderShell 0;") # user selects uv & this selects the shell. Converts the selection.
shell_set = mc.sets(name= "DCE3D_UV " + userSetName + "_set") # creates a set from selected uv/s, assigns name including from userSetName in ui. Appears in outliner by default.
mc.polyEditUV(u=u_value, v=v_value); # moves the selected shell to tile space in variable from user entered value in floatField. polyEditUV to move selected shell/s to selected tile on grid – -U-1, -V-0.
# Flatten from range to everyone. u'pCube1.map[231:329]', in uvs to store in flattened_uvs variable u'pCube1.map', u'pCube1.map',reference_UVs= mc.polyEditUV( uvs, query=True, uValue=True, vValue=True) # where is zero, every mesh has zero, the first one. Returns the uv values associated with the specified components and have current location.
referenceV = int(reference_UVs) # makes the float for reference_UVs an integer for the V value. 1 for second value – now referenceV # Result: 1 #for uv_point in range(0, len(flattened_uvs), 1): # Range funcion, between 0 and the end value, all of them, len returning how many values, flattened_uvs is the variable containing the uv list from the selected uvs in the set.
What is causing the problem: brief description of the pipeline issue, a paragraph describing the problem I have to solve and diagrams can be included.
What actions can be done to manually solve the problem: research done to find a solution, a few paragraphs listing any research done to find a solution and diagrams can be included.
Propose a solution designed to overcome the issues at hand: design of proposed solution, outline using paragraphs, dot point, diagrams and/or images to describe how this custom tool will look and work.
A tool which is going to put each face/shell of a polygon model or models into its own UV tile.
I needed to revisit Maya's UV Texture Editor to see how this could work.
The UV layout tool is used to apply colours, details and textures from a 2D image to the surface of the 3D model. 3D is based on XYZ, showing where the object is located in 3D space while texture mapping uses 2D images, with U (horizontal axis) or width and V (vertical) or height surface coordinates that shows where these points appear on the 3D surface and how the texture is applied.
For this tool the shells have already been created. The 3D surface to broken up into segments or shells which are groups of UV points with interconnecting lines that are used to created the best possible shape for texturing. The Shell's seams, where the textures will be jointed, need to be positioned to minimise stretching and warping when applying the 2D images to the 3D surface.
The UV layout tool's default is to fit the 3D object's shells within the 0 to 1 coordinates of the grid or tile. This may or may not be the best layout position for the image resolution on the 3D object. It is not necessarily a matter of extending beyond these coordinates as the textures will appear to repeat, loop or wrap.
The UV layout grid can be extended in either the U or V creating more tiles, with more UV regions of the same 0 to 1 scale for texturing. This will increase the resolution of the textures or how much of the object's surface the texture will cover per tile. This tool will apply one shell per texture tile on the UV layout grid in the U direction, allowing for high resolution texturing. There is to be no overlapping which would cause repeating on corresponding vertices.
Selection – will the user select one or multiple 3D objects at a time and how will they be selected? How will the shells be selected and layed out in the UV Texture editor? Select a single UV and tell Maya to select the shell boarder to grab a single shell and move it to the next tile across or will the whole object be selected.
Tiles – will the UV shells be positioned to lie within a user-defined number of tiles or will the number of shells determine how many gird tiles there will be?
History – mesh with history may revert to old UV's?
Shells – need to work out how many shells make up the selected models then to be able to put each shell into sequential tiles.
Layout – the position of each shell in the tile along the U axis.
Shape, Size and Scale – to roughly correlate to each other and the faces of the polymodel, unless want more or less detail or maximise the resolution by filling the image area or UV tile as much as possible.
Overlapping – smooth UV tool which smooths out the overlapping with Unfold untangling UV's while attempting to match the shape of the 3D surface.
Positioning – in regions other than the default 0 to 1 tile, Scale Mode affects the way shells are arranged on the grid with None arranging the shells to fit within a the specified number of tiles. Uniform arranges the shells to fit within only the number of tiles that are needed. Nearest Region positions the UV shells to lie within the nearest tile. What if I want the shells in the exact same UV position of the tiles, same UV coordinating space on a different tile?
Empty Region – around the outside perimeter, especially if the shell's UVs boarders the tiles edge, empty region (4 to 6 pixels), UV boarders from the tile edge – script 5% scale reduction.
Unfold – constraint to none will unfold in both U & V. Do the shells have a consistent size or are they filling the 0 to 1 texture tile. Scale Factor. Uniform scale, the shell to fit the 0 to 1 texture space without changing the aspect ratio and is the default. Inside the UV range in each tile and no crossing of boarders.
Normals – how to flip shells that have normals pointing in opposite directions. Not sure if this relates to the blue and red colours for the shells.
At this point I went looking in the Maya Help Files to find Python Commands that could be used in the UV Layout Tool script and how they might be used.
To start with it was overwhelming, then bit by bit there were some that looked like they could work which started me thinking of possibilities for scripting solutions. I have listed them below.
Returns the required counts on the specified objects.
Command edits uvs on polygonal objects. When used with the query flag, it returns the uv values associated with the specified components.
uValue(u)Specifies the value, in the u direction – absolute if relative flag is false..
vValue(v)Specifies the value, in the v direction – absolute if relative flag is false..
pivotU(pu)Specifies the pivot value, in the u direction, about which the scale or rotate is to be performed.
pivotV(pv)Specifies the pivot value, in the v direction, about which the scale or rotate is to be performed.
scaleU(su)Specifies the scale value in the u direction.
floatSpecifies the scale value in the v direction.
angle(a)Specifies the angle value (in degrees) that the uv values are to be rotated by.
stringSpecifies the name of the uv set to edit uvs on. If not specified will use the current uv set if it exists.
Command edits uv shells on polygonal objects. When used with the query flag, it returns the transformation values associated with the specified components.
uValue(u) Specifies the value, in the u direction – absolute if relative flag is false..
vValue(v) Specifies the value, in the v direction – absolute if relative flag is false..
Flip (mirror) the UVs (in texture space) of input polyFaces, about either the U or V axis..
flipType(ft)Flip along U or V direction. 0 Horizontal 1Vertical, Default is 0.
local(l)Flips in the local space of the input faces. Default is on.
This command takes selected polygonal vertices or vertex-faces and changes their normals. If the option userNormal is used, the new normal values will be the face normals around the vertices/vertex-faces. Otherwise the new normal values will be default values according to the internal calculation.
iterations(i)Maximum number of iterations for each connected UV piece.
stoppingThreshold(ss)Minimum distortion improvement between two steps in %.
useScale(us)Adjust the scale or not.
scale(s)Ratio between 2d and 3d space.
areaWeight(aw)Surface driven importance. 0 treat all faces equal. 1 gives more importance to large ones.
This command will aid in the creation of non-overlapping regions (i.e. polygons) in texture space by untangling texture UVs.
relax(r)Relax all UVs in the shell of the selected UV's. The relaxation is done by simulating a spring system where each UV edge is treated as a spring. There are a number of different methods characterised by the way the UV edges are weighted in the spring system. These weightings are determined by STRING.
uniform – every edge is weighted the same. This is the fastest method.
inverse_length – every edge weight is inversely proportional to it's world space length.
inverse_sqrt_length – every edge weight is inversely proportional the the square root of it's world space length.
harmonic – this weighting can yield near optimal results in matching the UV's with the geometry, but can also take a long time.
relaxTolerance(rt)This sets the tolerance which is used to determine when the relaxation process can stop. Smaller tolerances yield better results but can take much longer.
maxRelaxIterations(mri)The relaxation process is an iterative algorithm. Using this flag will put an upper limit on the number of iterations that will be performed.
place the UVs of the selected polygonal objects so that they do not overlap.
0 No move is applied. 1 Layout the pieces along the U axis. 2 Layout the pieces in a square shape. 3 Layout the pieces in grids. 4 Layout the pieces in nearest regions.
gridU(gu)The U size of the grids.
gridV(gv)The V size of the grids.
rotateForBestFit(rbf) How to rotate the pieces, before move: 0 No rotation is applied. 1 Only allow 90 degree rotations. 2 Allow free rotations.
Scale(sc)How to scale the pieces, after move: 0 No scale is applied. 1 Uniform scale to fit in unit square. 2 Non proportional scale to fit in unit square.
layoutMethod(lm)0 Block Stacking.1 Shape Stacking.
offsetU(ou)Offset the layout in the U direction by the given value.
offsetV(ov)Offset the layout in the V direction by the given value.
sizeU(su)Scale the layout in the U direction by the given value.
sizeV(sv)Scale the layout in the V direction by the given value.
prescale(psc)Prescale the shell before laying it out.
0 No scale is applied. 1 Object space scaling applied. 2 World space scaling applied.
flipReversed(fr)If this flag is turned on, the reversed UV pieces are fliped.
percentageSpace(ps)When layout is set to square, this value is a percentage of the texture area which is added around each UV piece. It can be used to ensure each UV piece uses different pixels in the texture. Maximum value is 5 percent.
uvSetName(uvs)string Specifies the name of the uv set to edit uvs on. If not specified will use the current uv set if it exists.
constructionHistory(ch)Remove the construction history on the objects specified or selected.
This command is used to create a UV Editor and to query or edit the texture editor settings.
All these commands became a bit overwhelming, really need some feedback and to look at the practical side of how they might work and could be applied to the script.
The user selects the UV Mapped model or models in the Maya viewport which returns the number of shells in the selection to the script.
The number of shells will determine how many UV tiles there will be along the U axis.
The UV Texture Editor's settings and coordinates including the number of tiles to be build into the script and determined by the number of shells.
Each shell to be scaled to fit the UV tile , unwrapped with consideration to preserving the ratio of the shape.
Open the UV texture editor when putting each shell into the tile so the user can see and access the UV texture editor's.
polyEditUV: edits UV on polygonal objects. The query flag returns the uv values associated with the specified components. Also has scale(s) which specifies whether this command is editing the values with scale values.
polyEditUV Shell: edits uv shells on polygonal objects. When used with the query flag, it returns the transformation values associated with the specified components.
untangles: non-overlapping regions in texture space. Uniform – every edge is weighted the same.
polyMultiLayoutUV: places UV's of the selected polygonal objects so they do not overlap. Layout the pieces in the U axis, with the option for not rotation, scale to uniform to fit the unit saucer, flip reversed so the reversed UV pieces are flipped.
delete: has a construction history for objects specified or selected.
Who is the creator of Python?
The creator of Pyton is the Dutch man, Guido van Rossum, developed in the late eighties and early nineties at the National Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science in the Netherlands and being first released in 1991.
2. How did Python get its name?
Guido van Possum named the Python language after the BBC comedy show "Monty Python's Flying Circus".
3Name some of benefits of the Python language?
Some of the benefits of the Python language are that it is a simple and minimalistic language, easy to read and use, with few keywords and a simple structure with clearly defined syntax rather than the syntax and structure of some other languages. A free and open source language, it can be copied and modified and is based on the concept of a community which shares knowledge.
Python is portable, translating into the native language of the computer thus working on many platforms and using the same interface, platform independent . It is also referred to as a 'Glue' language meaning it can be integrated with other languages such as C, C++ and Java.
DYNAMICALLY TYPED LANGUAGE, python works out the data type as opposed to strongly typed languages that require the data type to be specified. An example would be when programming languages represent data types such as integers, in dynamically typed languages this does not need to be specified e.g. x = 10, while strongly typed languages do need to specify the date type in the script e.g. int x = 10, before declaring the variable. Python works out that 10 is an integer.
WHITE SPACE is used to surround and create boundaries, using empty characters or spacing to create the boundaries that surrounds code, delimiter white space is created with tabs or a series of spaces. It denotes and controls the block structure with significant spacing and indentation as opposed to using brackets and curly brackets.
When indenting it becomes a child of the previous line and the parent has a colon which creates 4 spaces following it or the use of the tab key. The indentation, instead of curly brackets, is the same level of hierarchy, the same compound statement and the code responds based on these boundaries. If indentation is lost or lines are broken the code will not work as intended.
It is visually readable and when the line or statement finishes python assumes there is nothing afterwards without the need to put the semi-colon.
INTERPRETED LANGUAGE does not need compilation or converting to binary or machine-code with various flags and options in order to work. It executes instructions directly, runs directly from the source code converting to bytecodes and is translated to the native language of the computer it is running on. As it is complied into machine-friendly formats on the fly it can be slower and less efficient though it is more portable for use on computers, platform independent.
Last but not lease python is an OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE (OOP) that supports classes, instances and methods which we have not covered yet. It is a way of organising the code as opposed to procedural programming which is like a recipe, a set of instructions to complete a task that is built around procedures or functions or reusable pieces of programs.
In object-oriented languages, objects are the centre of the process, building the program around them which combines data and functionality, instead of using them as necessary containers for information.
Identify the differences between a List and a Tuple.
Lists use square brackets  and tuples use parenthesis ().
List are mutable, meaning the data can be modified or changed at anytime after it has been created. Tuples are immutable, meaning after the content or data has been declared or defined it cannot be modified or changed.
If data is separated by a common then python will automatically make it a tuple.
It is possible to change the information in a tuple by passing a tuple back into a list, change or modify the list than pass back into a tuple.
In around 150 words describe what the Flow of Execution is?
The Flow of Execution is the order in which statements are executed, how conditions are meet. This order is important, not necessarily being from top to bottom as a sequence, referred to as straight-line programming.
Statements can be executed using conditionals such as if-statements and loops to create some logic. This controls the execution and creates branching or looping, like a detour back to previous statements, in the Flow of Execution to get the desired result.
meeting conditions, resulting in comparing values, asking questions and performing other actions.
To have options to make decisions, test and compare data types, Python uses operators allowing a sequence of values to be tested in a tuple. Examples of conditional operators are ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=.
Python is adept at keeping track of where it is enabling the script to evaluate truth values for more than one operation.
2. L ist some statements/keywords that are used to control this Flow of Execution?
Python provides various tools for flow control including if, elif, else which was covered this week.
The If Statement has if as a keyword followed by a text for the truth of a condition, what is going to be tested and is ended with a colon. A condition is being evaluated, if something happens then do this. It is a way of handling conditions, if it is true python prints out the required result and does not go on to the else or elif.
The else comes into play if something is false, asking if a condition is meet. If false the script's branches or streams are followed which is where the flow is directed.
There is also the elif giving additional options and the script will continue to check if other tests are true or false. A chain of tests can be created, enabling a multitude of conditions to be tested or evaluated only if the result is False.
Explain what these options do, and why we would use them.
Break and continue statements control the ability to alter the flow of execution over the block of code of some loop types.
The break statement is used to break out of a loop when a condition is meet, the loop does not continue, does not finish and is stopped from continuing to look through the rest of the loop regardless of weather the following conditions are true or false. The iterations are terminated within the loop containing the break, stopping the execution of the loop immediately, including the else statement. If it is inside a nested loop the break will terminate the innermost loop. The script resumes execution at the next statement, going to the statement after the last statement of the loop.
A break statement could be used when some external condition is triggered requiring an exit from the loop. Another example is while loops have the possibility of running infinitely, using a break statement guarantees this will not occur thus preventing the system crashing and losing the script.
The continue statement is used to skip the rest of the code inside a loop for the current iteration only when a condition is true. The loop does not terminate but continues on with the next iteration by going back to the top of the loop and starting again. It is returning control to the top of the loop without executing the current iteration, rejecting all the remaining statements in the current iteration of the loop and moving control back to the top of the loop.
A continue statement could be used when an external condition, such as input from a user, is triggered, then needing to skip a part of the loop and start the next execution at the beginning of the loop.
We have used the break and continue statements with while and for loops.
Discover what the following built-ins are used for in Python version 2.7.
The input( ) and raw_input( ) functions are awaiting input, the user to enter something, then taking their input when the enter key is pressed. They are processed the input in different ways, returning different results from the same input.
input( ) evaluates the input, whatever has been put into it. It is taking the input and performing and eval(), getting the raw input, sending it to eval and then returning the result.
Expects a syntactically correct python statement and attempts to understand the data entered by the user. If hello world is entered it shows an error, needs to be 'hello world' and returns a string.
raw_input( ) takes exactly what the user has typed and passes it back as a string. All it considers is that the entered data will be a string whether it is a string or anything, returning a string. Returning the input in an unprocessed form.
Because of how input( ) works it has been considered a security risk, possible source of bugs and confusing. In python 3 the original input( ) has been scrapped and the function previously known as raw_input( ) is now input( ). You can manually do what was the previous input( ), by using eval(input()) if you want the old functionality.
input( ) ———-> eval(input( )) ?or eval(raw_input(prompt))?
Question 1: What would the statement "ring '%.2f' % 123.456" print out?
Question 2: Which of the following examples is the valid way to write a function in Python?
Question 3: Which of the following examples is a valid Python if statement?
Question 4: What keyword would you use to add an alternative condition to an if statement?
Question 5: What symbol can be used to comment out a single line of code in Python?
Question 6: Which one of the following examples would be used to check the type of data that variable "x" is linked to?
Question 7: Which of the following statements is not true about Python?
Question 9: What symbols can be used in pairs to comment out multiple lines of code?
Question 10: What would the following function do?
Question 11: Which one of the following statements is valid for creating a tuple in Python?
Question 12: Variable "x" is linked to a string value of "10".
Which of the following statements is the correct way to convert the contents of variable "x" to an integer?
Question 13: Which one of the following examples provides the most efficient way to add 1 to an existing integer in Python?
Question 14: Which one of the following statements is valid for creating a dictionary in Python?
Question 15: Whiten of the following examples is the valid way to write a while loop in Python?
Question 16: Which one of the following examples is a valid way to pass an integer stored in the variable "number" over to a string in Python?
Question 17: Which one of the following examples would you use to print out the third item in the list variable "my_list"?
Which of the following statements is the correct way to convert the contents of variable "x" to a string?
Question 19: How would you add the string "DCE3D" to a variable called "name"?
Question 20: Which one of the following statements is valid for creating a list in Python?
Text editor for code, markup and prose.
Top down development is the process of designing a script from scratch. My idea is for the user is be able to enter a predetermined number and have the timeline playhead move that number of frames either forward or backwards from the current playhead position.
Based on the class exercise of the Average Position script and the following reading. In around 50-100 words, describe what Top-Down Design is?
Top-Down Design is the process of designing a script by breaking it down into steps, a list, a set of instructions that will tell Maya what to do and in what order. Like using a recipe to make a cake.
Initially work out what is the intended outcome, what is the problem the script is going to solve, what does the user do?
Then before writing the code think through the plan, how is it going to work and list the details in the order of the scripts process. When considering how the script is going to work this order is important otherwise it will not work, the list is the order. Would I ice the cake before I baked it in the oven?
When scripting work through the list breaking down the steps further for each instruction or line of code.
The script will run into problems as you go and there will be more than one way to solve the problems. In class we had a script that worked for polys then what if we wanted to for nurbs?
Wilkins, M & Kazmier, C. (2005). Procedures and Functions. In: Cox, T MEL Scripting for MAYA Animators. 2nd ed. San Fransisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann. 171-174.
In around 50-100 words, explain why you might want to use the Eval command?
The eval command allows the user to execute MEL commands when using valid lines or statements of MEL. It is done when the MEL command is highlighted and Maya runs it as code at runtime.
Before the eval command is used the MEL command entered into the textfield is not being run as MEL. For example, the polyCube requested is not being displayed in the user's scene. Maya is not running polyCube as code.
The eval command will create the polyCube in the scene thus executing the MEL command polyCube. I am able to construct a valid statement and/or command in a string, run the string as an argument and the result is passed into the string, variable. With the eval command we are now able to execute a string as a MEL command when a valid MEL command is entered into the user's textfield.
Another thing we did in class: We also run single statements, put them in quotes and the command flag will automatically see the string and do an eval. We used this when we were making our window, this cleared the type entered into the scrollField.
Wilkins, M & Kazmier, C. (2005). Using MEL Commands. In: Cox, T MEL Scripting for MAYA Animators. 2nd ed. San Fransisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann. 142.
In around 100 words explain what Variable Scope (sometimes refered to as local and global variables) is?
A variable such as a float called $myAge can be declared as a local or global variable, this is its variable scope.
When I declare the float called $myAge as a local variable, using compound braces it is defined within that procedure, not affecting anything outside the compound statement. It is only visible within the procedure and separate from global variables. If I create another local variable with the same name in another procedure the two variables are separate, unrelated and have no effect on each other's value. The local variable overrides a global variable with the same name within the procedure.
When I declare the float called $myAge as a global variable it is defined outside the area of the scripts procedures, outside the curly braces. A value is assigned to the global variable the first time Maya reads the script, after it is declared the global variable is visible to all MEL commands. This means that the global variable can be used and modified by any MEL command.
If I type print outside the curly braces, the local variable inside the compound statement will not print, it is not available. If I type print inside the curly braces it will work.
I can make variables inside a procedure visible globally by typing global inside the curly braces and declaring it as a global variable. The script will create and maintain a variable in one procedure and also make it available globally, outside that procedure.
I cannot access this global variable from a completely different local variable, without typing global inside its set of compound braces. This then traces the data back via the global scope to where the original local variable was declared.
Generally avoid global variables as it can be difficult to determine what variables your procedures and functions might change. There are often multiple scripts with different variable data types using the same name which can causing variable clashing.
Wilkins, Mark R. MEL Scripting for Maya Animators. 2nd ed. Morgan Kaufmann Series in Computer Graphics and Geometric Modeling. Amsterdam ; Boston: Morgan Kaufmann, 2005.
Give a brief description of what each of the following property modes do when working with MEL command flags.
MEL command flags can be run in different modes using properties which are listed in the command documentation under properties. For example under the Cylinder command, the flags such as radius and spans are listed with the properties of C, Q and E meaning these can be run in Create, Query and Edit modes.
Create: means to create. It is not necessary to specify this in the script because when a MEL command is used to create something the create mode is the default. Maya assumes this, putting it in create mode if I do not specify that I want to edit or query an object. For the command cylinder, when I run it a cylinder is created using the default flag settings. The command documentation list what the default settings are such as a radius of 1. When making a display window with a button, when I type button in the script and run it MEL will make a button. When a MEL command is used to create an object, that MEL command is said to be used in create mode.
Edit: is another mode that I can specify in the script to be able to edit or change something that already exists. Some of the flags belonging to the commands that were used to create can also be run in edit mode to make changes in some way. I could change the default radius or number of spans for the cylinder or the width or label of the button. When doing this I need an argument because it is going to change the value. The argument types are listed in the command documentation eg to edit radius the argument type is linear.
Query: is used to retrieve the values of those attributes that have command-line arguments. When the script is run querying a flag it will go and look for the value that is inside the command and return the value of something that already exists. I may need to query something in order to see what the user typed in, what is inside a field and/or a value used to create something.
In class we used a floatFieldGrp in our script to display the x value part only from the possible options to display the x, y, z in our front end window. Later we were able to use query mode to find out which of these x, y, z display options we had used. For the create cylinder command it is possible to create a cylinder with a radius of 3 and later using the query mode ask the command flag, radius what is this value.
In around 100 words describe what the purpose of using operator precedence is?
You should also include one code example based upon your findings.
Maya follows rules to determine the order of operations, not knowing the order in which an expression will be calculated can and does give wrong results.
Without any operator precedence the following calculation is read from left to right, in the order they appear, returning 30.
10 + 5 * 2 = 30.
When this script is run in Maya it returns a value of 20, because maya is evaluating the multiplication operation first, then the addition. The multiplication has the greater of the precedences or operator precedence.
Using mel's operator precedence, reference from Maya user guide below, the * will be calculated before the + and now the calculation = 20 with 5 * 2 being calculated first then 10 being added to the result.
To force a calculation to be done first, or override the default it can be done by grouping them using parentheses. Being the first in the order of operator precedence and having the highest precedence.
When operators with the same precedence are encountered in a statement, they are grouped from left to right in the order they appear and evaluated left to right.
Complete Maya Programming: An Extensive Guide to MEL and C++ API, By David Gould, page 90 & 91 of the link.
to override this it is possible to do the addition first using parentheses.
The following shows the order of operator precedence in MEL. Operators on the same row have equal precedence. If a statement has two or more operators with the same precedence, the left-most operator is evaluated first. Unary and assignment operators are right associative; all others are left associative.
Based upon this weeks readers, and what you have learned in class. Please anwser the following questions.
What type of variable would you use to store alpha-numeric charactors in?
An array's first index value is always what?
Zero, whatever the data is the first slot is always zero.
What happens if you redclare a variable name as a different type?
When declaring a variable the space in ram is crated with the data type eg int, when redeclaring a different variable data type because the space in ram was designed as an int and now I may want a float it will redeclare it as 'invalid redeclaration'. A couple of options to deal with this is to either restart the program or use a different name.
a) What does the acronym MEL stand for?
a) If you wish to store a whole number in a variable, which data type would be used?
b) If you wish to store a series of words in a variable, which data type would you use?
a) What resource would you use to check the synopsis of a particular MEL command?
b) What does the "M" property mean with regard to a command's flag?
a) What is operator precedence?
Re-write the statement with the required corrections.
a) Name MEL's primary conditional statement keyword?
b) Give a brief description for the purpose of a conditional statement?
Give a brief description of what variable scope is?
You need to run multiple MEL statements with a single word.
a) Name the MEL feature you would use to take care of the above situation?
b) Name the button -flag you would use to execute some MEL when your button is pressed?


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Статью о звезде b¹ Киля см. V376 Киля, статью о звезде b² Киля см. HD 77370.

B Киля (B Car) — звезда в созвездии Киля. Это жёлто-белая карликовая звезда спектрального класса F, имеющая видимый блеск +4.74, удалена от Земли на 69,8 световых лет. на территории России не наблюдается, видна лишь в южном полушарии, а в северном — вблизи экватора. Видна лишь в ясную ночь невооружённым глазом при хорошем зрении наблюдателя.

Физические характеристики
HD 68456, как и Солнце, является звездой главной последовательности, имеющая спектральный класс F5V и температуру 6305 К. Звезда на 28 % более массивная, чем Солнце, а её светимость 5 раз превосходит солнечную, ясно показывая насколько небольшое увеличение массы звезды влияет на количество излучения. Эта звезда моложе, чем Солнце, по оценкам, её возраст составляет 2,43 млрд лет. Скорость вращения B Car составляет не менее 15 км/с, а её значение металличности составляет 44 % от солнечной ([Fe/H] = −0,36).

Первоначально космическая обсерватория IRAS указывала на HD 68456 в качестве возможного кандидата в пылевой диск Веги (α Лиры), однако последующие наблюдения с помощью космического телескопа Спитцер, свидетельствуют о низких значения инфракрасного излучения.

Примечания

Жёлто-белые карлики


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News : Women
Maryam Rajavi and International Women's Day: Part 1
By Mahmoud Hakamian
As we approach International Women's Day, we have seen many instances of women being treated barbarically under the Iranian Regime, with the most prominent examples that come to mind being the normalisation of domestic abuse via Iranian state TV and the continued legalisation of child marriages.
With that in mind, we wanted to look at how Maryam Rajavi, leader of the Iranian Resistance, would support women's rights in a Free Iran. In this part, we will look at the freedoms, rights, and equality that Maryam Rajavi believes all women should enjoy.
Fundamental freedoms and rights
Maryam Rajavi says that women should have the same human rights, legal rights, and fundamental freedoms as men, regardless of any other factor (i.e. age, race, religion, sexuality, social class), so she would ban all forms of discrimination against women.
Maryam Rajavi wants women to have the freedom to pursue any job that they wish and the education to get them there, but she would also make sure that the company or school cannot punish a woman for not wearing a hijab.
She also believes that women must be freely able to choose their own spouse, decide if and when to have children, choose to divorce if needed and to be able to voice their views in the custody and guardianship over their children.
Maryam Rajavi said that women should be able to travel freely, without the permission of a man, and even leave Iran to obtain foreign citizenship if they so wish, with the ability to devolve citizenship to their children.
Equality before the law
Maryam Rajavi believes that the protection of the law should apply equally to women and men, which includes equal rights in the courts. This would mean that courts would have to view the testimonies and affidavits of women as equal to that of men.
Maryam Rajavi also believes that women must have access to guaranteed judicial recourse in the face of violence, rape, discrimination, and deprivation of liberty.
She would also raise the age of criminality to 18 for girls.
Maryam Rajavi would also remove the sexist laws on the books that seek to punish women solely. This includes the ridiculous forced veiling law, which has long been used to control women and deny them freedom and security. Maryam Rajavi would remove any government interference is the clothing of women.
Equal participation in political leadership
Maryam Rajavi believes that women have the right to participate "in the formulation of government policy and the implementation thereof and to hold public office and perform all public functions at all levels of government". Thus, she would remove any laws that prevent or limit women from holding government posts or senior judicial and legal positions.
Maryam Rajavi believes that, in order to remove inequality, it is necessary for the government to appoint women to at least half of the political posts and for political parties to make sure that had of their candidates at election are women.
Equality in the economic sphere
Maryam Rajavi believes that women and men should have equal opportunities in the labour market, with equal pay for equal work, job security and complete benefits.
Maryam Rajavi believes that women should have the same rights as men in terms of inheritance, entering contracts and management of property. She believes this should also be true for accessing housing, appropriate nutrition, medical services, employment, and leisure activities.
In our next piece, we will discuss equality in the family sphere and the prohibition of violence against women.
Why Western women should support Maryam Rajavi
Next:Iran: Misogynistic Rule of Mullahs for 40 Years


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Dar El Annabi
Carthage, Tunisia
This museum in the famously blue neighborhood of Sidi Bou Saïd showcases a traditional Tunisian lifestyle.
A courtyard in the museum. Shutterstock
Inside the museum. Shutterstock
Some of the displays inside the museum. Shutterstock
The museum entrance. Citizen59/CC BY-SA 3.0
A beautiful seaside town named after a medieval Sufi saint. Jasmine Halki/CC BY 2.0
A blue door adorned with piscine patterns. Phlizz (Atlas Obscura User)
A look at one of the blue-and-white streets. Romain Cloff/CC BY 2.0
A typical street in Sidi Bou Saïd. Phlizz (Atlas Obscura User)
Sidi Bou Saïd, Tunisia. Phlizz (Atlas Obscura User)
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Approximately 20 kilometers (12 miles) from Tunis, the town of Sidi Bou Saïd sits atop a cliff overlooking Carthage and the Gulf of Tunis. A residential suburbs with about 6,000 inhabitants, it is a fairly popular tourist spot in Tunisia. But unlike other destinations like the Antonine Baths or the Medina, Sidi Bou Saïd's main attraction lies not in its history or the lively Middle Eastern atmosphere, but simply in its gorgeous appearance.
Many of the houses in Sidi Bou Saïd are adorned with blue-and-white walls and doors with Islamic decorative patterns. These residences, some of which date back to the 18th century, are nestled among Mediterranean cafes, market squares, narrow alleys, and flight after flight of steps. One of the elegant houses, Dar El Annabi, has been turned into a museum where visitors can see a slice of life in Sidi Bou Saïd.
Dar El Annabi was originally built near the end of the 18th century. In the 20th century, it was redeveloped as a summer resort for Taib El Annabi, son of Mufti Mohamed Annabi. It is now a museum showing the typical Islamic architecture on the outside and the atmosphere and lifestyle of a traditional Tunisian family on the inside. Visitors can go inside and explore the private library, prayer hall, lounges, bedrooms, the Andalusian garden, and terraces that offer a view of the surrounding terraces.
Since the 19th century, Sidi Bou Saïd has attracted a number of artists, musicians, writers and philosophers, including Michel Foucault, Alphonse de Lamartine, François-René de Chateaubriand, Gustave Flaubert, Andre Gide, Simone de Beauvoir, Colette, and even the infamous occultist Aleister Crowley.
The history of Sidi Bou Saïd goes back to the ancient times, when the Carthaginians and Romans used the cliff to establish a watchtower. The 11th-century Almoravids used the site for the same purpose, calling it Djebel al-Manar, or "the Mountain of Fire." A couple of centuries later, the town welcomed Sunni saint Abu Said ibn Khalef ibn Yahia Al-Tamimi Al-Baji, more commonly Sidi Bou Saïd, who taught Sufism on a nearby hill. After his death, his name was given to the settlement.
There is an entrance fee to visit the museum. In addition to being a museum, Dar El Annabi can be rented for use as an event space.
Tunisia Through the Sands of Time
Discover unique landscapes, wander through winding medinas, relax by ancient oases, and journey to the Sahara and back.
blue houses history & culture architecture museums
Phlizz
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidi_Bou_Said
http://darelannabi.com/historique_dar-el-annabi_sidi_bousaid_mariage_tunisie/
http://hellotunisia.com/special-albums/museums/dar-el-annabi/?lang=en
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Q: What should I not upload to GitHub? I've been working on a public Visual Studio project in GitHub, and have been uploading the entire solution folder into the repository, with all files. Are there specific files or folders that I should refrain from uploading to my repository? I've heard that certain folders can contain cache or user information, but I'm still not sure what to remove.

A: I always generate my .gitignore file with this website.
If you are working on an ASP .Net project and have connectionstrings for a DB in your appsettings, never push this to github. Best is to generate a appsettings.example.json and only have the structure and propably some default values in there.

A: Broadly speaking, you should not upload on github following:

*

*any content which does not legally belong to you, and which has no some open source license.

*content which could be generated (e.g. object files).
Specifically in your case

*

*You can put source files in the repo but not things generated from the source.

*Also, you should not commit class files. You should commit your build scripts, but not files generated by the build.
Lastly keep in mind the size limitations of 100MB per file.
Read also Hello World · GitHub Guides (https://guides.github.com/activities/hello-world/#what)

A: You can use the .gitignore file to ignore the IDE's config and build cache and the .env files. In particular, it is useful to write .env file to .gitignore to avoid some credential leaks caused by hard coding.
GitHub and the community provide common .gitignore rules, see https://github.com/github/gitignore.
Example:
# Generated by Cargo
# will have compiled files and executables
debug/
target/

# Remove Cargo.lock from gitignore if creating an executable, leave it for libraries
# More information here https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/guide/cargo-toml-vs-cargo-lock.html
Cargo.lock

# These are backup files generated by rustfmt
**/*.rs.bk

# MSVC Windows builds of rustc generate these, which store debugging information
*.pdb

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Winter hit for a day. Thankfully, we had no accidents and people had an opportunity to use those new snow shovels and ice melt.
I was traveling on Wednesday to Boise to visit the Legislature but roads were fine by 11 a.m. Interesting how many people there remembered our circumstances two years ago and wanted to know how we are doing.
The lack of snow has made it possible to continue working on maintenance at the plants.
It is also allowing the street department to continue trimming trees along the streets.


Ahead of the latest Enterprise Ireland Brexit Advisory Clinic on October 22nd in Louth, the Local Enterprise Offices are appealing to small businesses to grasp the opportunity that Brexit is providing.
While many small businesses will be unaware of how Brexit could affect them, the range of related supports available from their Local Enterprise Office have never been wider. These supports, such as mentoring, training and financial assistance, will not only reduce their exposure to negative consequences, but it will also improve how they run their business in the longer term.
Thomas McEvoy, Head of Enterprise, Local Enterprise Office Louth, said; "While the implications of Brexit are still unclear, small businesses must still be planning to secure their future. We all hope for a favourable outcome for Ireland, but it would be negligent for businesses not to be planning for a negative outcome.
Some of those supports available to small businesses to prepare for Brexit include the Brexit SME Scorecard to evaluate your exposure, Brexit Mentor Programme available through your Local Enterprise Office, the Technical Assistance for Micro Exporters (TAME) grant for those looking to bring their product or service to new markets and the LEAN for Micro programme, which helps business owners run their company more efficiently.
The purpose of the Brexit Advisory Clinic is to support companies exposed to Brexit to take action and safeguard their business in key risk areas. This event is the second in a new series of Enterprise Ireland advisory clinics taking place nationwide, with events to follow in Waterford and Limerick.
Over half (54%) of respondents to an audience participation poll at the last tranche of Brexit Advisory Clinics ranked customs and logistics as their greatest concern and as a result, this area will be given particular focus and will feature a presentation by Revenue, Irish Tax and Customs. Additionally, the clinic will include a seminar on the movement of people, which is of concern to businesses in this region.
The Health and Safety Authority (HSA) will also be participating in this new series of clinics and will be available to advise companies who import or export chemicals or other industrial products, like machinery and lifts, on the impacts of Brexit.
The clinic will also feature expert presentations, one-to-one consultations and panel discussions in the areas of finance and currency management, and market development and market diversification. This event is free to attend and will also give companies the opportunity to speak one-to-one with independent experts, who will provide company-specific guidelines and advice, while allowing company managers, founders and CEOs to privately discuss their circumstances and concerns.