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Science X Newsletter Wednesday, Jan 15
Free eBook: Multiphysics Simulation Case Studies http://comsol.com/c/a1bk
Get a firsthand look at how simulation is being used in new and innovative ways, from designing electric vehicle motors to optimizing a solid-state convection oven. View online or download here: http://comsol.com/c/a1bk
Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for January 15, 2020:
Precise measurements find a crack in universal physics
Shrinking dinosaurs and the evolution of endothermy in birds
Researchers demonstrate first stable semiconductor neutron detector
Transparency discovered in crystals with ultrahigh piezoelectricity
Astronomers discover class of strange objects near our galaxy's enormous black hole
Researchers gain control over internal structure of self-assembled composite materials
Beach-combing Neanderthals dove for shells
V473 Lyr has a low-mass companion, study suggests
Having less sex linked to earlier menopause
Animals reduce the symmetry of their markings to improve camouflage
What keeps couples together
Researchers use game theory to help policy makers create liability rules for accidents involving self-driving cars
In mice, alcohol dependence results in brain-wide remodeling of functional architecture
The concept of universal physics is intriguing, as it enables researchers to relate physical phenomena in a variety of systems, irrespective of their varying characteristics and complexities. Ultracold atomic systems are often perceived as ideal platforms for exploring universal physics, owing to the precise control of experimental parameters (such as the interaction strength, temperature, density, quantum states, dimensionality, and the trapping potential) that might be harder to tune in more conventional systems. In fact, ultracold atomic systems have been used to better understand a myriad of complex physical behavior, including those topics in cosmology, particle, nuclear, molecular physics, and most notably, in condensed matter physics, where the complexities of many-body quantum phenomena are more difficult to investigate using more traditional approaches.
Homeland Security might soon have a new tool to add to its arsenal.
Use of an AC rather than a DC electric field can improve the piezoelectric response of a crystal. Now, an international team of researchers say that cycles of AC fields also make the internal crystal domains in some materials bigger and the crystal transparent.
High-gravity water waves
What might look like jelly being stirred is actually water subjected to 20 times normal Earth gravity within ESA's Large Diameter Centrifuge—as part of an experiment giving new insight into the behavior of wave turbulence.
Verifying the output from a quantum computer by comparing it to the output of another quantum computer
A team of researchers from the University of Innsbruck and the Austrian Academy of Sciences has developed a way to verify the output from one quantum computer by comparing it to the output of another quantum computer. In their paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters, the group describes developing and testing their efficient approach to verifying quantum devices.
Brain-inspired computing for a post-Moore's Law era
Since the invention of the transistor in 1947, computing development has seen a consistent doubling of the number of transistors that can fit on a chip. But that trend, known as Moore's Law, may reach its limit as components of submolecular size encounter problems with thermal noise, making further scaling impossible.
Water is ubiquitous and essential for life. Nevertheless, experimental information about its behaviour on the atomic level—above all how it interacts with surfaces—is scarce. Thanks to a new experimental method, TU Graz researchers have now delivered insights into the atomic-level movement of water molecules, which they outline in a paper in Nature Communications.
Scientists explain how leaf apex enhances water drainage
Chinese scientists have recently shown how the tiny apex structure in plant leaves controls water drainage and confers an evolutionary advantage.
Spinning quantum dots
The name 'quantum dots' is given to particles of semiconducting materials that are so tiny—a few nanometres in diameter—that they no longer behave quite like ordinary, macroscopic matter. Thanks to their quantum-like optical and electronic properties, they are showing promise as components of quantum computing devices, but these properties are not yet fully understood. Physicists Sanjay Prabhakar of Gordon State College, Georgia, USA and Roderick Melnik of Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Canada have now described the theory behind some of these novel properties in detail. This work is published in The European Physical Journal B.
Diabolical points in coupled active cavities with quantum emitters
Diabolical points (DPs) introduce ways to study topological phase and peculiar energy dispersion. Scientists in China and partners from the United Kingdom demonstrated DPs in strongly coupled active microdisks. A new macroscopical control of backscattering based on the competition between defects and quantum emitters was used to achieve DPs. This work paves the way to integrate DPs and more exotic phenomena into quantum information processes with quantum emitters, and will inspire further research with DPs.
Astronomers from UCLA's Galactic Center Orbits Initiative have discovered a new class of bizarre objects at the center of our galaxy, not far from the supermassive black hole called Sagittarius A*. They published their research today in the journal Nature.
Using ESA's XMM-Newton spacecraft, astronomers have conducted X-ray observations of a peculiar Cepheid variable star known as V473 Lyr. Results of the study suggest that this star has a young, low-mass companion. The finding is detailed in a paper published January 7 on the arXiv pre-print repository.
Phosphorus, present in our DNA and cell membranes, is an essential element for life as we know it. But how it arrived on the early Earth is something of a mystery. Astronomers have now traced the journey of phosphorus from star-forming regions to comets using the combined powers of ALMA and the European Space Agency's probe Rosetta. Their research shows, for the first time, where molecules containing phosphorus form, how this element is carried in comets, and how a particular molecule may have played a crucial role in starting life on our planet.
Huygens landing spin mystery solved
Fifteen years ago today, ESA's Huygens probe made history when it descended to the surface of Saturn's moon Titan and became the first probe to successfully land on another world in the outer solar system. However, during its descent, the probe began spinning the wrong way—and recent tests now reveal why.
Active asteroid unveils fireball identity
At around 1 a.m. local standard time on April 29, 2017, a fireball flew over Kyoto, Japan. Compared to other fireballs spotted from Earth, it was relatively bright and slow. Now, scientists have determined not only what the fireball was, but also where it came from.
Astronaut completes spacewalk without helmet camera, lights (Update)
Spacewalking astronauts had to make do with fewer lights and camera views from one helmet Wednesday while performing critical battery work outside the International Space Station.
Taking the temperature of dark matter
Warm, cold, just right? Physicists at the University of California, Davis are taking the temperature of dark matter, the mysterious substance that makes up about a quarter of our universe.
Plant-powered sensor sends signal to space
A device that uses electricity generated by plants as its power source has communicated via satellite—a world first.
Putting the universe under the telescope
We humans are a curious, questing lot, and the 2020s will see us continue to observe the universe around us, trying to understand more about fundamental particles, forces, objects and relationships from both ground and space-based instruments.
X-60A program conducts integrated vehicle propulsion system verification test
The Air Force Research Laboratory's X-60A program recently achieved a key developmental milestone with the completion of integrated vehicle propulsion system verification ground testing.
A recent decision by the National Transpiration Safety Board (NTSB) on the March 2018 Uber crash that killed a pedestrian in Arizona split the blame among Uber, the company's autonomous vehicle (AV), the safety driver in the vehicle, the victim, and the state of Arizona. With the advent of self-driving cars, the NTSB findings raise a number of questions about the uncertainty in today's legal liability system. In an accident involving an AV and a human driver, who is liable? If both are liable, how should the accident loss be apportioned between them?
Carriers' insecure procedures make life easy for SIM swap tricksters
So, you have confidence that you are safe from attackers who wreak havoc with authentication weaknesses? Think again or at least consider recent research findings. Five carriers used insecure authentication challenges—insecurity that attackers could leverage in mischievous SIM swap attempts.
Google claims its 'nowcast' short-term weather predictions are more accurate than advanced models
A team of researchers working at Google's Mountain View research center has developed a deep-learning-based weather forecasting tool for predicting short-term weather events. They have written a paper describing their "nowcasting tool," and have uploaded it to the arXiv preprint server. They have also published a news piece describing their work on the Google AI Blog.
Pinterest pops past Snapchat in US
Shares in Pinterest popped on Tuesday after a market tracker reported that the online bulletin board surpassed Snapchat to become the third most used social media platform in the US.
Resale ticket markets benefit sports teams and fans
New research co-authored by Yanwen Wang, an assistant professor in the UBC Sauder School of Business, reveals that the resale ticket market also appeals to sports fans who normally buy season tickets.
London heads European investment in tech sector: study
Investment in tech across Europe reached a record level in 2019, according to a study published on Wednesday, with London maintaining the number one spot despite Brexit uncertainties.
Amazon reinstates FedEx for some Prime deliveries
Amazon said Tuesday it was bringing back FedEx for deliveries of some of its Prime orders sold through third parties after banning the freight service during the holiday period.
Five noteworthy electric vehicles to buy in 2020
Your options for a new electric vehicle in 2020 are more diverse than ever. There will be an EV for nearly every vehicle type. But increased choice also makes it harder to choose. Edmunds has selected five top EVs that you'll want to consider.
Tech firms are winning the AI race because they understand data better than other sectors
Artificial intelligence is already powering much of the technology helping to drive the modern economy. AI is now an essential part of how we use the internet but can also be found in stock exchanges, advanced factories and automated warehouses. It is starting to drive our cars and even vacuum our floors. And yet only a fraction of companies which stand to significantly benefit from AI are exploiting this approach to help deliver their products and services.
How we consume electricity has changed dramatically in the past 20 years
It's been more than two decades since Britain's retail electricity market was opened to full competition in 1999. Before that, retail supply was provided by state-owned entities with regional monopolies. Today, all consumers, including households and businesses, are able to "shop around" for their electricity, switching to a different supplier or tariff to take advantage of better prices and services.
Bike share programs are on the rise, yet the gender gap persists
It's no secret that there is a significant gender gap in cycling in North American cities. According to the American Community Survey, women make up less than one-third (28 percent) of commuters who regularly bicycle to work in the United States.
EU legal opinion: mass data retention at odds with EU law
A legal adviser at the European Union's highest court said Wednesday that the bloc's data protection rules should prevent member states from indiscriminately holding personal data seized from Internet and phone companies, even when intelligence agencies claim that national security is at stake.
Who is taking and selling your personal data? Washington state lawmakers work to give people more of a say
Washington lawmakers are making another push to pass privacy regulations that govern companies' collection and sale of people's private digital information.
Software detects backdoor attacks on facial recognition
As the U.S. Army increasingly uses facial and object recognition to train artificial intelligent systems to identify threats, the need to protect its systems from cyberattacks becomes essential.
When is a photograph of nude bodies artistic or titillating? A woman's exposed nipple a political statement or erotica?
Amazon tycoon Bezos flies into internet trading storm in India
Angry Indian street traders vowed Wednesday to stage protests against the world's richest man Jeff Bezos as the Amazon tycoon started a visit just as authorities launched an anti-trust investigation into e-commerce giants.
To stop sign stealing, MLB could fight tech with more tech
If Major League Baseball really wants to stop its teams from electronically stealing signs, it might consider fighting technology with more technology.
Bezos promises $1 billion in bid to see off Indian e-commerce storm
Amazon tycoon Jeff Bezos promised Wednesday a new billion-dollar investment in India, just two days after authorities launched an anti-trust investigation into the e-commerce giant.
Breakthrough results with high-power laser technology to transform electric vehicles
The northern lights are shining extra-bright in Tampere Finland this month as a major step forward in amplifying the power of lasers was achieved.
British Airways owner files EU complaint over Flybe rescue
British Airways-parent IAG on Wednesday filed a formal complaint to Brussels over the British government's last-minute financial rescue of struggling no-frills carrier Flybe.
Turkey lifts ban on Wikipedia
A Turkish court on Wednesday lifted a ban on Wikipedia after almost three years.
A smart way to predict building energy consumption
In a time of aging infrastructure and increasingly smart control of buildings, the ability to predict how buildings use energy—and how much energy they use—has remained elusive, until now.
Designing better nursing care with robots
Robots are becoming an increasingly important part of human care, according to researchers based in Japan. To help improve the safety and efficacy of robotic care, the scientists have developed a control method that could help robots better replicate human movement when lifting and moving a patient. They published their results in IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica.
Ahead in the clouds: Alibaba plans to change the Olympics
Alibaba's promise to the Olympic family is to bring its technological might to help organizers, broadcasters and fans.
Science X Newsletter Friday, Jan 17
A Voyage to the End of Ice
Science X Newsletter Thursday, Jan 16
▼ The browser wars are back, but it's different th...
"The Joy of x" — a new podcast from Steven Strogat...
Windows 7 is gone, but what's next for Windows 10?...
Science X Newsletter Tuesday, Jan 14
Samsung Galaxy S20, Bloom, and more tech trends fr...
Science X Newsletter Monday, Jan 13
"Massive anomalies" at the edge of Earth's core ha...
AI Weekly | Jan. 10, 2020
Science X Newsletter Thursday, Jan 9
Science X Newsletter Wednesday, Jan 8
▼ Sonos said what every smaller tech company was t...
Science X Newsletter Tuesday, Jan 7
UK's first astronaut says aliens definitely exist,...
▼ Concept cars and concept foldables betray a lack...
Science X Newsletter Monday, Jan 6
▼ My favorite thing so far at CES
▼ CES 2020 is here and here's how to set your expe...
AI Weekly | Jan. 3, 2019
Science X Newsletter Friday, Jan 3
▼ Google's identity crisis on the eve of CES
Announcing Processor, the new name for this newsle...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
2nd September, 2020, 12:39 pm
Fascism is back – and yet the left are turning on each other
Francis Beckett
A few clear-sighted Americans anticipated this moment 80 years ago. Henry Wallace, US Vice-President during the Second World War, said in 1944: "When and if fascism comes to America it will not be labelled 'made in Germany', it will not be marked with a swastika. It will not even be called fascism; it will be called, of course, 'Americanism.'"
Until quite recently, it was possible to persuade ourselves that the moment had not come, but it is now unmistakeable, and not just in America. The people we euphemistically call populists are, if words mean anything, fascists and neo-fascists.
In London last weekend, the old British Union of Fascists flag was unapologetically on display in Trafalgar Square at the anti-mask demonstration – the first time it has been seen in public since the 1930s. Thugs go to the hostels where asylum seekers are kept to bully and harass them. In the US, the footage of uniformed Americans beating up and killing Black people could come straight out of 1930s Berlin.
Neither Britain's Labour Party nor the US Democratic Party has yet faced up to the starkness of the choices they now have. The time for seeking the best was yesterday, and perhaps tomorrow. Today is a time for fighting off the worst. We could be about to bequeath a fascist world to our children.
The parallels with the 1930s are as plain as a fiery cross in the hands of a Ku Klux Klansman. Democratic countries are falling to pale imitations of Donald Trump: Viktor Orbán in Hungary, Jarosław Kaczyński in Poland, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in Turkey, and yes, Boris Johnson in Britain and Benjamin Netanyahu in Israel. And the left is behaving just as it did in the 1930s, which is why Trump could well be re-elected in November, with an obedient acolyte in Downing Street at least until 2024.
Take the Trump rallies, muted now by the virus. We haven't seen a speaker openly encouraging his stewards to beat up opponents since Oswald Mosley's 1936 taunt at Olympia that hecklers would be met with the "courtesy" of "the British fist".
Take the lies, which come straight out of Joseph Goebbels' playbook. "It would not be impossible to prove with sufficient repetition and a psychological understanding of the people concerned that a square is in fact a circle," wrote Adolf Hitler's propaganda chief, and he went on to prove it. Trump adopted this method. Does America have more cases of the virus than anyone else? Say there are fewer than anyone else. "The ignorant peasants will buy it," said key Kaczyński strategist Jazek Kurski.
Take the racism. We have not yet seen Trump's Auschwitz, but we see how he treats America's non-white population, how little he values their lives and how keen he is to keep them in their place.
Take the slogan. "Make America great again," says Trump. "I'll make Britain great again," said Boris Johnson during the 2019 election campaign. "Make Spain great again," says Spain's newly popular far-right party Vox. "We'll make Hungary great again," said Orbán in 2016, the year after Kaczyński promised to make Poland great again.
Take the violence. Hitler used to send in the SS to create violence that he could blame on Jews and Communists. Why has Trump sent the National Guard to towns and cities that already have police forces?
Take the concentration of power. Are the judges not giving the judgements we wish to have? Change the judges. Is the civil service not giving the advice we wish to hear? Change the civil service. Does the state need to award contracts? We have friends who can benefit from them. Fascists concentrate power in their own hands, attacking the separation of powers, bending the courts, parliament, the media and the civil service to their will in a way that we have not seen since the Thirties.
In Britain, tame newspapers branded the judges who defied Boris Johnson as "enemies of the people" and Johnson went into the 2019 election with this chilling threat: "After Brexit we also need to look at the broader aspects of our constitution: the relationship between government, parliament and the courts…" The civil service looks set to be remade in Dominic Cummings' image. When Johnson was Foreign Secretary, our US Ambassador was effectively fired on the instructions of President Trump.
Trump himself has so little respect for democratic forms that he has refused even to confirm that, if defeated in November, he will accept the verdict of the people. He is also transparently trying to ensure that his opponents do not get the chance to vote.
This is not just Thatcherism and Reaganism magnified. Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan, by demeaning and running down the public sector, helped create the conditions in which the new fascists could thrive. But what we are seeing now is something new and dreadful.
Should we take comfort from the fact that the new right come out of mainstream democratic parties? The old Republican Mike Pence is a politician we recognise, from a revered political pedigree. But so was Franz von Papen, the old Prussian aristocrat who was Hitler's first vice chancellor in 1933. The old German politicians thought it worth attaching themselves to Hitler to maintain the power of the conservative establishment.
For now, Trump needs the old Republican grandees – established, sophisticated, stridently Christian politicians, full of worldly wisdom and oil money, who see Trump as their means of keeping power, in the way the Prussian Junkers saw Hitler.
Of course, it is not exactly the same as it was in the 1930s. Hitler wanted a corporate state. The new fascists want corporations to run the state. But fascism is back. The worst news of all is that the left are behaving very much as the left throughout Europe did in the 1930s – by turning on each other. The Communists thought the social democrats were their real enemy, while the social democrats were preoccupied with respectability.
Today the Democratic Party has gone for respectability, and the American left questions whether they can vote for Joe Biden at all. In Britain, the Labour Party governed from the right, while the remains of the Communist Party found a seat at Jeremy Corbyn's table, and played into the hands of the extreme right by supporting Brexit. They are still engaged in a pointless debate about whose fault the 2019 defeat was. The left is fiddling, and the enemy is at the gate.
Tags: Francis Beckett / Fascism /
Francis Beckett is a journalist, playwright and author. He has written biographies of Aneurin Bevan, Clement Attlee, Harold Macmillan, Gordon Brown and Tony Blair.
@francisbeckett View all articles by Francis Beckett


text:
Heart Valve
The Ross
Dr. Insights
The Ross Procedure
The Ross Procedure was developed by a British surgeon, Dr. Donald Ross, and first performed in humans in 1967. The procedure was initially considered controversial by some because of its complexity and because some believe that it transforms a one-valve procedure into a two-valve procedure.1 However, despite these concerns, over the next several decades studies continued to show excellent long-term results for patients undergoing the Ross Procedure.2
What is the
Ross Procedure?
Advantages of the
Ross Procedure
Survival and
Reoperation Data
Pulmonary Homograft
The Ross Procedure (Pulmonary Autograft)
The Ross Procedure is a surgical technique that uses your own healthy pulmonary valve (pulmonary autograft), which is a mirror image of a normal aortic valve, to replace your damaged aortic valve. A donated human pulmonary valve (pulmonary homograft/allograft) is used to replace your pulmonary valve.
The Ross Procedure is the only surgical technique to replace the aortic valve with living autologous tissue, resulting in the advantages stated below. Importantly, the Ross Procedure is the only operation that has been consistently shown to restore long-term life expectancy (survival) of patients, compared to the general population.3
Advantages of the Ross Procedure Include:
No need for lifelong anticoagulation medicine (blood thinner)3
Excellent hemodynamic performance (blood flow) at rest and during exercise4,5
Only operation shown to restore life expectancy similar to that of the general population3
Quality of life similar to those who have not undergone aortic valve replacement3
Low risk of thromboembolism (blood clots)3
The Science Behind the Ross Procedure
The aortic root is a living structure with complex functions, such as excellent hemodynamics (blood flow), low thrombogenicity (clot formation), and resistance to infections. The more "natural" these functions are after aortic valve replacement, the lower the risk of complications related to the implanted valve and the better the patient's quality of life.3,6
The aortic valve sees a lot of force and pressure as all the oxygenated blood that is pumped throughout your body via the left ventricle and through the aorta passes through the aortic valve.7
Your pulmonary valve is the mirror image of your aortic valve.6 It is a living structure, and it is your own valve, meaning that your body is highly likely to accept it in the aortic position.1,3,6
Just like a high performance car needs to be as aerodynamic as possible, your heart valves need to have optimal hemodynamics for you to live a normal life. Since your pulmonary valve (pulmonary autograft) is the mirror image of your aortic valve,6 it retains natural hemodynamics, so your exercise capacity and quality of life after a Ross Procedure is very similar to "normal".1,3-6
In contrast to the Ross Procedure, conventional replacement valves (mechanical and bioprosthetic) are made of prosthetic (artificial) material. Not only are they unable to replicate the heart's "natural" hemodynamics,1,4,5,8 thus increasing stress on the heart muscle, but the risk of blood clot formation,1,6,8-11 accelerated wear-and-tear,8,9,12,13 and infection is significantly higher than with the Ross Procedure.9,14,15
Who is a Candidate for the Ross Procedure?
The ideal Ross Procedure patient is:
An adult less than 60 years old, with aortic valve disease that requires surgical replacement.
Someone with no chronic condition that may affect long-term survival such as chronic renal disease or severe coronary artery disease.
Women contemplating pregnancy.
Individuals who have active lifestyles.
Certain pediatric patients stand to benefit the most from this operation.8,9
Who May Not be a Candidate for the Ross Procedure?
A patient may not be a candidate for the Ross Procedure if they have the following conditions:
Connective tissue disorders (e.g., Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome)15
Some autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus)15
Pulmonary valve disease15
Multi-vessel coronary artery disease15
This list is not exhaustive and does not apply to all patients. Please consult your physician for further evaluation.
The Reality of Survival
The Ross Procedure is the only option for aortic valve replacement that has resulted in survival, or life expectancy, similar to that of matched general population and those who have not undergone aortic valve replacement.9
Numerous studies across various countries, totaling over 3,500 patients (at a mean age of 38 years at the time of surgery) have shown a survival rate of over 90% at 15 years after surgery. This means that 15 years after undergoing the Ross Procedure, 90% of these patients are still alive.1-3,14,16-19
In a group of 1,501 young patients who underwent a Ross Procedure or prosthetic (mechanical or tissue) aortic valve replacement between 2000 and 2012 in the United Kingdom, it was found that the Ross Procedure was superior to mechanical valves and tissue valves in clinical outcomes.13
The Reality of Reoperation
A common misconception is that the Ross Procedure takes a one-valve disease and turns it into a two-valve disease and can result in early reoperation of the autograft (the new aortic valve) or the homograft (the human donor valve in the pulmonary position). However, the data paints a different picture.
Fifteen (15) years after surgery, almost 9 out of 10 patients continue to live without requiring a second intervention of either the pulmonary autograft or the homograft.1-3,14,16-19 In addition, with today's technology, most re-interventions on the homograft in the pulmonary position can be done using catheter-based approaches.20,21 An important point to remember is that long-term durability of the Ross Procedure is largely dependent on the expertise of the surgeon. It is therefore important to seek high-volume centers of expertise with aortic surgery, and specifically with the Ross Procedure.22
Which Line do You Want to be on When it Comes to the Reality of Reoperation?
Figure C - Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes among the Ross Procedure, Mechanical Aortic Valve Replacement, and Bioprosthesis for Young Adults13
SynerGraft Pulmonary Valve
CryoValve® SynerGraft Pulmonary Human Heart Valve is the First and Only Decellularized Human Heart Valve to Receive 510(k) Clearance From the US Food and Drug Administration.
*Compared to Standard Cryopreserved Allograft.
SynerGraft is CryoLife's patented process that virtually eliminates the presence of donor cells while maintaining the functionality and shape of the biological matrix.26,27 The SynerGraft process allows the donated pulmonary valve to be free of the donor's cells without damaging the valve itself. The SynerGraft process removes over 99% of donor cells from the elements of the tissue matrix (see Figure 1).28
CryoValve® Leaflet Without SynerGraft Processing
CryoValve SG Leaflet After SynerGraft Processing
CryoValve®SG Pulmonary Human Heart Valve has not been approved for use as a medical device by Health Canada, and nothing on this website is intended to promote its use in Canada.
1. Mazine A et al., Circulation 2016;134(8):576-85.
2. David T et al., J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014;147(1):85-94.
3. El Hamamsy I et al., The Lancet 2010;376(9740):524-31.
4. Pibarot P et al., Am J Cardiol 2000;86(9):982-8.
5. Laforest I et al., Circulation 2002;106:I-57-62.
6. El-Hamamsy I et al., Can J Cardiol 2013;29:1569-76.
7. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/node/3717. Accessed July 5, 2018.
8. El Hamamsy I et al., Ann Transl Med 2017;5(6):142.
9. Ouzounian M et al., J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017;154:778-82.
10. Kvidal P et al., JACC 2000;35(3):747-56.
11. Bouhout I et al., JTCVS 2014;148(4):1341-46.e1.
12. Bourguignon T et al., Ann Thorac Surg 2015;99(3):831-37.
13. Sharabiani M et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;67:2858–70.
14. Kalfa D, et al. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2015;47:159–67.
15. Cook S et al. Progress in Ped Cardiol 2003;16:133-140.
16. Sievers H et al., Euro J Cardio-Thorac Surg 2016;49:212-18.
17. Skillington P et al., Ann Thorac Surg 2013;96:823–9.
18. Andreas M et al., Ann Thorac Surg 2014;97:182–8.
19. Martin E et al., JACC 2017;70(15):1890-99.
20. Ghobrial J et al. Curr Cariol Rep 2016;18(4):33.
21. Cheatham J et al. Circulation 2015;131:1960-70.
22. Bouhout I et al., Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg 2017;24:41-7.
23. Ruzmetov M, et al. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012; 143:543-9.
24. Brown JW, et al. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009; 139:339-348.
25. Bibevski S, et al. Ann Thorac Surg 2017; 103:869-875.
26. Elkins R, et al. Decellularized Human Valve Allografts. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 71: S428-32.
27. Gerson C, et al. Circulation 2011; 64:33-42.
28. CryoLife, Inc. data on file, including interim data collected from the CryoValve SG Post Clearance study through 12.31.2012.
© 2018 The Ross Procedure | CryoLife, Inc.


text:
Q: printing using one '\n' I am pretty sure all of you are familiar with the concept of the Big4, and I have several stuffs to do print in each of the constructor, assignment, destructor, and copy constructor.
The restriction is this:
I CAN'T use more than one newline (e.g., ƒn or std::endl) in any method
I can have a method called print, so I am guessing print is where I will put that precious one and only '\n', my problem is that how can the method print which prints different things on each of the element I want to print in each of the Big4? Any idea? Maybe overloading the Big4?

A: Maybe I don't understand the question completely because it is asked rather awkwardly, but can't you just have a function called newline that receives an ostream as an argument, and then simply prints '/n' to that output stream? Then you can just call that infinitely many times, while still abiding the arbitrary "one newline" rule.
e.g.
(edit: code removed, "smells like homework")

A: print should take a parameter containing the information to output to the screen (sans '\n') and then call the c++ output method with in-line appending the '\n' to the passed in information.
note: no code 'cause this smells like homework to me...

A: I'm not sure I completely understand what you're trying to accomplish. Why is it that you can only use one newline? What makes it difficult to just write your code with only one newline in it? For example, I've done stuff like this before.
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    cout << i << " ";
}
cout << std::endl;

If you need something more complicated, you might want to make some sort of print tracker object that keeps a flag for whether a newline has been printed, and adjusts its behavior accordingly. This seems like it might be a little overly complicated though.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Emilio Cavallini, the famed Italian fashion designer, is also known for his bright, and contemporary artworks. His eye-catching dynamic wall sculptures will be displayed in Washington D.C this May.
It will be Cavallini's first solo exhibit in the nation's capital. You can find his works at both the Embassy of Italy where 3 large sculptures will be presented, entitled Objectual Abstractions, and at the IA&A at Hillyer where there will be a retrospective of 20 works, including art from his best-known projects: Attuale-Infinito, Biforcazioni, Frattali, and Diagrammi. The opening of his exhibits will take place at the IA&A at Hillyer from 6 pm to 9pm, and excitingly Cavallini will be in attendance.
He uses both bright, and grayscale colors in his wall sculptures. His intricate designs are often made with unconventional media, like nylon yarns, printed fabrics, and even the tights he designs. Using applied math, and geometry, the artist makes various lines, and shapes to create his three-dimensional art.
Born in San Minato in 1945, Emilio Cavallini started his own company, Stilnovo Spa in 1970. There he produced for huge fashion labels such as Balenciaga, and Gucci. He has received many Italian honors and awards, such as the Leone d'Oro for his creativity and innovation, as well as the "Knight of Industry" which is a national honor. As a designer, he is best known for his hosiery. Celebrities like Lady Gaga, Nicki Minaj and Emma Stone are just a few who are known to wear his tights.


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