text:
New California governor's first actions target health care
Updated: 11:25 PM PST Jan 7, 2019
By Jonathan J. Cooper
WEBVTT >> THE COUNTRY IS WATCHING US. THE WORLD IS WAITING ON US AND THE FUTURE DEPENDS ON US AND WE WILL SEIZE THE MOMENT. BRANDI: JUST HOURS AFTER BEING SWORN-IN AS CALIFORNIA'S 40TH GOVERNOR. GAVIN NEWSOM TOOK HIS MESSAGE TO SOCIAL MEDIA >> HEALTHCARE IN SO MANY WAYS IS THE BUDGET. IT'S THE ISSUE THAT DEFINES SO MANY ISSUES RELATED TO THE BUDGET. BRANDI: GOVERNOR NEWSOM PROPOSING STATE-FUNDED HEALTH COVERAGE FOR 138,000 YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE COUNTRY ILLEGALLY AND A REINSTATEMENT OF A MANDATE THAT EVERYONE BUY INSURANCE OR FACE FINES. HE'S ALSO PROPOSED GIVING SUBSIDIES TO MIDDLE-CLASS FAMILIES THAT MAKE TOO MUCH TO QUALIFY THEM UNDER THE AFFORDABLE CARE ACT. HIS PLANS DON'T STOP THERE. NEWSOM'S INAUGURAL SPEECH FOCUSED ON POLICIES BENEFITING CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, INCLUDING EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND HOUSIN >> ALL KIDS, NOT JUST THE CHILDREN OF A GOVERNOR AND A FILMMAKER, SHOULD HAVE A GOOD LIFE IN CALIFORNIA. BRANDI: THE STATE HAS THE WORLD'S FIFTH-LARGEST ECONOMY. AND ALSO REPORTEDLY HAS THE NATION'S HIGHEST CHILD POVERTY RATE AND LARGEST HOMELESS POPULATION. >> WE HAVE THE RESOURCES TO ENSURE A DECENT STANDARD OF LIVING FOR ALL. IT'S NOT A QUESTION OF WHETHER WE CAN DO THIS, BUT WHETHER WE WILL. BRANDI: NEWSOM PLEDGED TO LAUNCH A MARSHALL PLAN FOR AFFORDABLE HOUSING AND TACKLING THE HOMELESS EPIDEMIC. THE MARSHALL PLAN WAS A MASSIVE U.S. EFFORT TO REBUILD EUROPEAN COUNTRIES DEVASTATED BY WORLD WAR TWO. >> NO ONE SHOULD LIVE IN CONSTANT FEAR OF EVICTION OR SPEND THEIR WHOLE PAYCHECK TO KEEP A ROOF OVERHEAD BRANDI: THE NEW GOVERNOR'S PROPOSALS, JUST A PREVIEW OF HIS BUDGET TO BE RELEASED LATER THIS WEEK. >> THIS IS WHERE AMERICA'S FUTURE IS MADE. THIS IS OUR CHARGE. THAT IS OUR CA
Gov. Gavin Newsom's first act as governor Monday was to propose state-funded health coverage for 138,000 young people in the country illegally and a reinstatement of a mandate that everyone buy insurance or face fines.Newsom also proposed giving subsidies to middle-class families that make too much to qualify them under former President Barack Obama's health care law. He signed an order giving the state more bargaining power in negotiating prescription drug prices. And he sent a letter to President Donald Trump and congressional leaders seeking more authority over federal health care dollars and policies."When everybody is pooled together it means lower cost for each and every one of you," Newsom said in a video broadcast on Facebook as he signed his orders. "The spirit of this is about bringing down costs."Newsom was elected following a campaign that leaned heavily on his promise to provide health coverage to everyone. His actions hours after he took the oath of office take a step in that direction but the $760 million price tag will require approval from the Democratically controlled Legislature.His letter to Republicans in Washington shows the uphill battle he'll face to meet his goal of enacting a "single payer" health care plan that would combine state and federal health care dollars with new taxes to provide publicly funded insurance to everyone in the state.The idea is a top priority for many in Newsom's liberal base but has been stymied by the staggering cost - a prior proposal was pegged at $400 billion - and the need for waivers from federal laws.His proposals to cover immigrants and expand subsidies were a preview of his budget to be released later this week. They mirror ideas pushed last year by Democrats in the Assembly, who were unable to convince former Gov. Jerry Brown to embrace them."Gov. Newsom is right to make access to quality, affordable health care a priority," Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, a Democrat from the Los Angeles area, said in a statement.California has a projected surplus of $15 billion.The proposals show Newsom is serious about health reform, but they need scrutiny to fully understand the consequences, said Assemblyman Chad Mayes of Yucca Valley, the top Republican on the Assembly Health Committee."Government has an important role to play in holding the health care industry accountable," Mayes said. "However, it must be balanced and not overreach or hinder innovation."The Affordable Care Act required everyone in the country to buy insurance or pay a penalty, a controversial policy meant to ensure that the insurance pool has a mix of healthy and sick people. The penalty was zeroed out in 2017 by the Republican Congress and President Donald Trump. Insurance companies, concerned that only people with expensive health problems would buy coverage, responded by raising premiums for people who buy their own coverage without going through an employer.California would join Massachusetts, New Jersey and Vermont as states with their own insurance mandates.Obama's health law also created subsidies to help people buy coverage if they don't get it from an employer or a government program such as Medicare or Medicaid. Newsom would use $500 million in state money to make the subsidies larger for 1.1 million families that already get them and provide new assistance to about 250,000 people who make too much.Newsom's plan would provide financial assistance for individuals who make up to about $73,000 a year and families of four making up to $150,000.California's uninsured rate has dropped to just over 7 percent. Many of those who still lack coverage are ineligible for publicly funded programs, such as Medi-Cal and private insurance subsidies, because they're living in the country illegally.Medi-Cal, the state's version of Medicaid, is jointly funded by the state and federal government and provides coverage to one in three Californians.California uses state money to extend Medi-Cal coverage to people living in the country illegally up to age 19. Newsom proposes pushing back the cutoff to age 26, covering an additional 138,000 people at a cost of about $260 million a year, according to Newsom's spokesman, Nathan Click.Newsom signed an executive order directing state agencies to move toward purchasing drugs in bulk for all of the 13 million people on Medi-Cal. Purchasing for all but 2 million people is currently handled by the private insurers that serve as managed care organizations. Newsom hopes bulk purchasing drugs will give the state enormous bargaining power to negotiate lower prices.His order directs state agencies to explore letting others, including employers and private insurers - join the state's purchasing pool.
SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) —
Gov. Gavin Newsom's first act as governor Monday was to propose state-funded health coverage for 138,000 young people in the country illegally and a reinstatement of a mandate that everyone buy insurance or face fines.
Newsom also proposed giving subsidies to middle-class families that make too much to qualify them under former President Barack Obama's health care law. He signed an order giving the state more bargaining power in negotiating prescription drug prices. And he sent a letter to President Donald Trump and congressional leaders seeking more authority over federal health care dollars and policies.
"When everybody is pooled together it means lower cost for each and every one of you," Newsom said in a video broadcast on Facebook as he signed his orders. "The spirit of this is about bringing down costs."
Newsom was elected following a campaign that leaned heavily on his promise to provide health coverage to everyone. His actions hours after he took the oath of office take a step in that direction but the $760 million price tag will require approval from the Democratically controlled Legislature.
Today, public and private purchasers of prescription drugs are left to negotiate drug prices on their own. This act will make CA the largest single purchaser of prescription drugs, and will one day allow every Californian to join with the state to negotiate drug prices.
— Gavin Newsom (@GavinNewsom) January 8, 2019
His letter to Republicans in Washington shows the uphill battle he'll face to meet his goal of enacting a "single payer" health care plan that would combine state and federal health care dollars with new taxes to provide publicly funded insurance to everyone in the state.
The idea is a top priority for many in Newsom's liberal base but has been stymied by the staggering cost - a prior proposal was pegged at $400 billion - and the need for waivers from federal laws.
His proposals to cover immigrants and expand subsidies were a preview of his budget to be released later this week. They mirror ideas pushed last year by Democrats in the Assembly, who were unable to convince former Gov. Jerry Brown to embrace them.
"Gov. Newsom is right to make access to quality, affordable health care a priority," Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, a Democrat from the Los Angeles area, said in a statement.
California has a projected surplus of $15 billion.
The proposals show Newsom is serious about health reform, but they need scrutiny to fully understand the consequences, said Assemblyman Chad Mayes of Yucca Valley, the top Republican on the Assembly Health Committee.
"Government has an important role to play in holding the health care industry accountable," Mayes said. "However, it must be balanced and not overreach or hinder innovation."
The Affordable Care Act required everyone in the country to buy insurance or pay a penalty, a controversial policy meant to ensure that the insurance pool has a mix of healthy and sick people. The penalty was zeroed out in 2017 by the Republican Congress and President Donald Trump. Insurance companies, concerned that only people with expensive health problems would buy coverage, responded by raising premiums for people who buy their own coverage without going through an employer.
California would join Massachusetts, New Jersey and Vermont as states with their own insurance mandates.
Obama's health law also created subsidies to help people buy coverage if they don't get it from an employer or a government program such as Medicare or Medicaid. Newsom would use $500 million in state money to make the subsidies larger for 1.1 million families that already get them and provide new assistance to about 250,000 people who make too much.
Newsom's plan would provide financial assistance for individuals who make up to about $73,000 a year and families of four making up to $150,000.
California's uninsured rate has dropped to just over 7 percent. Many of those who still lack coverage are ineligible for publicly funded programs, such as Medi-Cal and private insurance subsidies, because they're living in the country illegally.
Medi-Cal, the state's version of Medicaid, is jointly funded by the state and federal government and provides coverage to one in three Californians.
California uses state money to extend Medi-Cal coverage to people living in the country illegally up to age 19. Newsom proposes pushing back the cutoff to age 26, covering an additional 138,000 people at a cost of about $260 million a year, according to Newsom's spokesman, Nathan Click.
Newsom signed an executive order directing state agencies to move toward purchasing drugs in bulk for all of the 13 million people on Medi-Cal. Purchasing for all but 2 million people is currently handled by the private insurers that serve as managed care organizations. Newsom hopes bulk purchasing drugs will give the state enormous bargaining power to negotiate lower prices.
His order directs state agencies to explore letting others, including employers and private insurers - join the state's purchasing pool.


text: Q: What is considered a good starting prior in Bayes theorem for an event that hasn't happened yet? There are certainly things that to our knowledge have not yet occurred yet do stand a significant chance of occurring (Probability human lives to year $x$? for $x>120$ for example or Probability of asteroid hitting earth) for such events and even less plausible sounding events how does one assign a prior? We can't assign the value of zero due to zero being a fixed point under Bayes theorem, but there doesn't seem to be a good way to pull out priors from infinite hypothesis space. A really good example is how do we assign a prior that the current prisoners dilemma  known solution is the best solution there is certainly evidence but there are infinite such strategy that we have not tested.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Wellesley Public Schools can be reached at 781-446-6200.
Wellesley Free Library is located at 530 Washington St. and can be reached at 781-235-1610.
Located on 1st Floor at 525 Washington St.
The Town of Wellesley website has lots of information you'll find helpful too!


text:
Maui Crime March 29 to April 4: Break-ins, Burglaries, Thefts
April 6, 2020, 10:02 PM HST
Maui police responded to 10 burglaries, 9 vehicle thefts and 2 vehicle break-ins in Maui County over a seven day period from March 29 to April 4, 2020.
The number of burglaries remained the same from the week before. Vehicle thefts increased 13 percent from the week before when 8 incidents were reported; and vehicle break-ins increased 50 percent from the previous week, when 3 incidents were reported.
Below is a complete list of incidents and the time and locations of when and where each occurred.
Maui Crime Log: Images by Wendy Osher/Maui Now.
10 Burglaries
Haʻikū:
Wednesday, April 1, 1:04 p.m.: 300 Block of Kaupakalua Road, Haʻikū. Residential, unlawful entry.
Kahului:
Wednesday, April 1, 3:27 p.m.: 80 Hansen Rd., Kahului at Puʻunēnē Mill. Non-residential, forced entry.
Kīhei:
Monday, March 30, 7:32 p.m.: 2430 S Kīhei Rd., Kīhei at the Royal Mauian Resort. Residential, forced entry.
Lahaina:
Monday, March 30, 4:08 p.m.: 300 Block of Lahainaluna Road, Lahaina. Building in civil defense emergency/disaster period.
Makawao:
Monday, March 30, 11:10 a.m.: 1-00 Block of Puia Place, Makawao. Residential, forced entry.
Pāʻia:
Monday, March 30, 2:53 a.m.: 120 Hāna Hwy., Pāʻia at Earth Love Treasures. Building in civil defense emergency/disaster period.
Waiʻehu:
Tuesday, March 31, 4:58 p.m.: 1-00 Block of Hoauna Street, Waiʻehu. Residential, attempted entry.
Wailuku:
Sunday, March 29, 11:59 a.m.: 355 S High St., Wailuku at Wailuku Elementary School. Non-residential, forced entry.
Wednesday, April 1, 8:45 a.m.: 1650 Kaʻahumanu Ave., Wailuku at Baldwin High School. Building in civil defense emergency/disaster period.
Saturday, April 4, 1:29 p.m.: 2200 Block of Malako St., Wailuku. Residential, unlawful entry.
9 Vehicle Thefts
Hoʻolehua:
Saturday, April 4, 8:40 a.m.: 4200 Block of Moomomi Avenue, Hoʻolehua. Toyota, silver.
Monday, March 30, 9:27 a.m.: 1 Lanui Cir., Kahului at the Kahului Airport parking lot. Honda, tan/black.
Wednesday, April 1, 9:06 a.m.: 300 Block of Hansen Road, Kahului. Subaru, white.
Thursday, April 2, 3:09 p.m.: 300 Block of E Wakea Avenue, Kahului. Ford, white.
Sunday, March 29, 8:19 p.m.: 2300 Block of S Kīhei Road, Kīhei at ABC Stores 2349 S Kīhei Rd. Scion, white.
Wednesday, April 1, 6:05 p.m.: Alulike Street/Kenolio Road, Kīhei. Honda, silver/black.
Wednesday, April 1, 8:24 a.m.: 1200 Block of S Kīhei Road, Kīhei at the parking lot between Naluʻs South Shore Grill and Ace Hardware. Honda, red.
Sunday, March 29, 10:01 a.m.: Burns Place/Makawao Avenue, Makawao at the parking lot fronting the county base yard. Toyota, gold/black.
Monday, March 30, 12:35 p.m.: 1-00 Block of Lunalilo Street, Wailuku Honda, white.
2 Vehicle Break-ins
Monday, March 30, 7:48 p.m.: 275 Kaʻahumanu Ave., Kahului at the Queen Kaʻahumanu Center. Lincoln, grey.
Kula:
Thursday, April 2, 10:48 p.m.: 700 Block of Upper Kimo Drive, Kula. Ford, white.
Maui Crime March 1 - March 7: Burglaries, Break-ins, Thefts March 11, 2020
Maui Crime March 8 - March 15: Burglaries, Break-ins, Thefts March 22, 2020
Maui Crime March 23 - March 29: Burglaries,… April 5, 2020
Maui Crime March 31-April 6, 2019: Burglaries,… April 15, 2019
Maui Crime April 5 to April 11: Break-ins,… April 13, 2020
Maui Crime April 12 to April 18: Break-ins,… April 23, 2020

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
<?php

namespace Drupal\filter;

use Drupal\Component\Plugin\PluginManagerInterface;
use Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityManagerInterface;
use Drupal\Core\Extension\ModuleUninstallValidatorInterface;
use Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\StringTranslationTrait;
use Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslationInterface;

/**
 * Prevents uninstallation of modules providing used filter plugins.
 */
class FilterUninstallValidator implements ModuleUninstallValidatorInterface {

  use StringTranslationTrait;

  /**
   * The filter plugin manager.
   *
   * @var \Drupal\Component\Plugin\PluginManagerInterface
   */
  protected $filterManager;

  /**
   * The filter entity storage.
   *
   * @var \Drupal\Core\Config\Entity\ConfigEntityStorageInterface
   */
  protected $filterStorage;

  /**
   * Constructs a new FilterUninstallValidator.
   *
   * @param \Drupal\Component\Plugin\PluginManagerInterface $filter_manager
   *   The filter plugin manager.
   * @param \Drupal\Core\Entity\EntityManagerInterface $entity_manager
   *   The entity manager.
   * @param \Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslationInterface $string_translation
   *   The string translation service.
   */
  public function __construct(PluginManagerInterface $filter_manager, EntityManagerInterface $entity_manager, TranslationInterface $string_translation) {
    $this->filterManager = $filter_manager;
    $this->filterStorage = $entity_manager->getStorage('filter_format');
    $this->stringTranslation = $string_translation;
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritdoc}
   */
  public function validate($module) {
    $reasons = [];
    // Get filter plugins supplied by this module.
    if ($filter_plugins = $this->getFilterDefinitionsByProvider($module)) {
      $used_in = [];
      // Find out if any filter formats have the plugin enabled.
      foreach ($this->getEnabledFilterFormats() as $filter_format) {
        $filters = $filter_format->filters();
        foreach ($filter_plugins as $filter_plugin) {
          if ($filters->has($filter_plugin['id']) && $filters->get($filter_plugin['id'])->status) {
            $used_in[] = $filter_format->label();
            break;
          }
        }
      }
      if (!empty($used_in)) {
        $reasons[] = $this->t('Provides a filter plugin that is in use in the following filter formats: %formats', ['%formats' => implode(', ', $used_in)]);
      }
    }
    return $reasons;
  }

  /**
   * Returns all filter definitions that are provided by the specified provider.
   *
   * @param string $provider
   *   The provider of the filters.
   *
   * @return array
   *   The filter definitions for the specified provider.
   */
  protected function getFilterDefinitionsByProvider($provider) {
    return array_filter($this->filterManager->getDefinitions(), function ($definition) use ($provider) {
      return $definition['provider'] == $provider;
    });
  }

  /**
   * Returns all enabled filter formats.
   *
   * @return \Drupal\filter\FilterFormatInterface[]
   */
  protected function getEnabledFilterFormats() {
    return $this->filterStorage->loadByProperties(['status' => TRUE]);
  }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
PLESS, PRINCESS HENRY OF
Neg. No: 2826B
Neg. Size: 15"x12"
Neg. Date: 11-10-1901
Sitter: H.S.H. "Daisy" Princess of Pless n�e Mary Theresa Olivia Cornwallis-West (d.1943).
Image published in Daisy of Pless: The Happy Years
Biog: Daughter of Col. W. Cornwallis-West, of Ruthin Castle, Denbighshire and Newlands Manor, Hants; m. 1891 H.S.H. Hans Heinrich, 15th Prince of Pless; div. 1922.
Date: 11 October 1901.
Occasion: -
Location: The Lafayette Studio, 179 New Bond Street, London, W.
Descr: FL standing.
Costume: -
Costume Designer: -
Costume Supplier: -
Jewellery: -
Furniture & Props: Painted backdrop.
Photographer: Lafayette Ltd., 179 New Bond Street, London.
Evidence of photographer at work: -
No of poses: 8.
Copyright: V&A
All images on this site are copyright V&A. For further information on using or requesting copies of any images
please contact the V&A Picture Library: vaimages@vam.ac.uk including the URL of the relevant page
Provenance: Pinewood Studios; acquired 1989.
Biog: Burkes' Peerage; Who's Who; The Times, 13 July 1943, p 6e; (Memoirs) Daisy, Princess of Pless, by Herself, London (?); More about Myself and Friends, London 1930; From My Private Diary, London 1931; What I Left Unsaid, London 1936.
Reproduced: (Versions) The Gentlewoman, 2 August 1902, front page; The Court Circular, 30 August 1902, supplement; Madame, 17 January 1903, p 111; The Lady, 2 July 1903, front page; M. Lafayette, Concerning Many Methods of Artistic Photography, c. 1903; A.C. Fox-Davies, ed., Their Majesties' Court 1906, London, 1907, plate 255; Daisy, Princess of Pless, From My Private Diary, London, 1931, frontespiece.
Additional Information: -
Acknowledgements: -


If radio is the theatre of the mind, then Ameen Sayani is among its most engaging impresarios."WHAT do you plan to ask?" probes Ameen Sayani in his unmistakable baritone. "If I knew that," he reasons, "I won't meander." With any other 74-year-old radio doyen who has had a legendary affair with the airwaves for the better part of his life – he began when he was seven and is still going strong – that could be a possibility. But for the first citizen of radio entertainment in India, it isn't just how to talk, but also how much, which matters. Besides his riveting simplicity and spontaneity, that is also what distinguishes him from the others in his trade.
At the recent Promax India Radio Awards ceremony, Sayani was honoured with the Living Legend Award, constituted by FICCI and the India Radio Forum. A radio veteran of over 55,000 programmes and 19,000 commercials – the feat has even made it to the Limca Book of Records – he still resonates with his vintage manner and phrase that made "Binaca Geetmala" an unparalleled radio sensation.
If radio is the theatre of the mind, then Sayani is among its most engaging impresarios who lend to the magic of the medium their own magic of voice and intonation. Sayani was mentored by his elder brother Hameed, himself a noted broadcaster, stage actor, director and producer best known for starting the "Bournvita Quiz Contest" in 1970. Following Hameed's demise in 1975, Sayani had to fill in for him, primarily because his voice bore an uncanny similarity to his brother's. "Hameed bhai's wife would often mistake me for him on the phone," Sayani recalls.
While selecting songs based on record sales and the feedback of radio clubs, Sayani worked hard to ensure his paydaans (ratings) gave a true reflection of their popularity. The featured albums would sell like hot cakes. So HMV even requested a list of songs in advance to replenish the record stocks in time: They couldn't afford a dip in the sales to mar a song's fortunes on the popularity charts the subsequent week. Notwithstanding industry efforts to question and sabotage the countdown, Sayani ran the programme to record-smashing success for nearly 45 years, earning a place among the world's top five broadcasters and the Golden Abby Award for Outstanding Radio Campaign of the Century in 2000.
For Sayani, the radio has never been a medium of absence for any of his roles ranging from a magnificent raconteur to a musical connoisseur. In eliciting flashes of illumination from recorded music, he has become as integral to the history of Indian film music as the music itself, which has always been his reigning passion. "I learned classical music in my young days and would have loved to become a singer, but somewhere in the late 1940s, like all adolescents, I lost my voice." Music's loss turned out to be radio's gain.
Sayani rates "Sangeet Ke Sitaron Ki Mehfil", a series of rare interviews with celebrated singers, music directors and lyricists, interspersed with recent references and a contemporary narrative, as his best programme yet. "I have a 45-year-old library. It took the life out of me to produce this series." Now syndicated, it is regaling music lovers in the UAE and New Zealand, while Sayani readies to take it elsewhere.
At his studio-office in Cecil Court, an old Colaba building, the septuagenarian still zestfully plugs away with son Rajil at syndicating his series and producing spots and jingles for radio in over a dozen countries. Besides, he is also occupied these days with something more far-reaching: A movement to clarify communications in India. "In all walks of life, religious, social, economic or legal, communication is so confusing that you never know the right path. I have worked out a way to remedy this morass. Unless all of us get together, nothing will be achieved." Sayani knows he has no dearth of takers for his ideas. All he needs to galvanise them is his endearing "Bahnon aur Bhaiyon" one more time!
This entry was posted on Tuesday, August 22nd, 2006 at 12:01 am	and is filed under Meri Awaaz Suno. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
I have enjoyed Rafi specially under S. D. Burman. One of the best and beautiful Gazals 'Kahi Bekhayal Hokar' that Rafi sang under SDB was on Dev Anand in film "Teen Devian". One keeps on listening to again and again!
I liked unknow1's post. But, did he want to say something else? I am just joking!


text:
Los Angeles County Bouncers and Jumpers in Los Angeles County, CA for your party
List of 2 Los Angeles County Party Bouncers and Jumpers in Los Angeles County, CA
Planning a party in Los Angeles County and need a Bouncer? Searching for the perfect party Jumper in Los Angeles County, CA?
Selected Party Service: Bouncers & Jumpers in Los Angeles County A/V Rentals in Los Angeles County Accessories in Los Angeles County Adult Parties in Los Angeles County Bachelor Party Services in Los Angeles County Bachelorette Party Services in Los Angeles County Balloons in Los Angeles County Bartenders & Servers in Los Angeles County Booking Agents in Los Angeles County Bouncers & Jumpers in Los Angeles County Bridal Shop in Los Angeles County Bridal Shows in Los Angeles County Cakes & Desserts in Los Angeles County Calligraphy & Calligraphers in Los Angeles County Candy & Chocolate Fountains in Los Angeles County Caricaturists in Los Angeles County Carnival Games in Los Angeles County Casino Games in Los Angeles County Catering & Food in Los Angeles County Churches & Ceremony Sites in Los Angeles County Clowns in Los Angeles County Comedians in Los Angeles County Corporate Entertainment in Los Angeles County Costumes & Props in Los Angeles County Dance Instruction in Los Angeles County Dancers in Los Angeles County Decorations in Los Angeles County Destination Weddings in Los Angeles County DJs & Disc Jockeys in Los Angeles County Entertainers in Los Angeles County Ethnic Party in Los Angeles County Event Promoters & Producers in Los Angeles County Face Painting in Los Angeles County Fireworks in Los Angeles County Florists & Flowers in Los Angeles County Fundraisers in Los Angeles County Game Shows in Los Angeles County Gift Registries in Los Angeles County Gifts in Los Angeles County Hair & Makeup in Los Angeles County Honeymoon & Travel in Los Angeles County Hotels in Los Angeles County Hypnotists in Los Angeles County Impersonators in Los Angeles County Inflatables in Los Angeles County Invitations & Printing in Los Angeles County Jewelry & Jewelers in Los Angeles County Jugglers in Los Angeles County Karaoke in Los Angeles County Kid's Parties in Los Angeles County Lighting Rentals in Los Angeles County Limos & Transportation in Los Angeles County Linens & Chair Covers in Los Angeles County Live Animals in Los Angeles County Live Bands in Los Angeles County Magicians in Los Angeles County Mimes in Los Angeles County Musicians in Los Angeles County Novelties & Party Supplies in Los Angeles County Orchestras in Los Angeles County Party Favors in Los Angeles County Party Rentals in Los Angeles County Photo & Video Montage in Los Angeles County Photo Booth in Los Angeles County Photography in Los Angeles County Psychics in Los Angeles County Real Estate in Los Angeles County Security Services in Los Angeles County Singers in Los Angeles County Skating Rinks in Los Angeles County Spas & Salons in Los Angeles County Specialty Party Services in Los Angeles County Talent & Entertainment Agency in Los Angeles County Tattoos & Air Brushing in Los Angeles County Theme Parties in Los Angeles County Tuxedo & Formalwear in Los Angeles County Valet Parking in Los Angeles County Ventriloquists in Los Angeles County Venues & Reception Sites in Los Angeles County Videography in Los Angeles County VJs & Video Jockeys in Los Angeles County Wedding & Party Planners in Los Angeles County Wedding Dress in Los Angeles County Wedding Officiants in Los Angeles County Weight Loss & Fitness in Los Angeles County
✓ FREE INFO! Check Availability & Pricing for Bounce Rental Companies in Los Angeles County
Party Ave Bouncers
Quality products and service. Always cleaned after every party.
Palmdale, CA Request Information 661-478-XXXX
FUN JUMP EXPRESS
Party rentals, jumpers, tables, chairs, water slides, combos.
Norwalk, CA Request Information 562-455-XXXX
Other Los Angeles County Party Services:
A/V Rentals
Bachelor Party Services
Bachelorette Party Services
Bartenders & Servers
Booking Agents
Calligraphy & Calligraphers
Candy & Chocolate Fountains
Churches & Ceremony Sites
Costumes & Props
DJs & Disc Jockeys
Event Promoters & Producers
Florists & Flowers
Invitations & Printing
Jewelry & Jewelers
Kid's Parties
Lighting Rentals
Limos & Transportation
Linens & Chair Covers
Mimes
Novelties & Party Supplies
Photo & Video Montage
Specialty Party Services
Talent & Entertainment Agency
Tattoos & Air Brushing
Tuxedo & Formalwear
Ventriloquists
Venues & Reception Sites
VJs & Video Jockeys
Find the perfect Los Angeles County Bouncer or Jumper! Party Blast lists professional Bouncers and Jumpers for parties in Los Angeles County, CA.
Other Areas Near Los Angeles County to Find Party Bouncers: California, Los Angeles County, Acton, Agoura Hills, Agua Dulce, Alhambra, Altadena, Arcadia, Arleta, Artesia, Avalon, Azusa, Baldwin Park, Bell, Bell Gardens, Bellflower, Beverly Hills, Burbank, Calabasas, Calabasas Hills, Canoga Park, Canyon Country, Carson, Castaic, Cerritos, Chatsworth, City Of Industry, Claremont, Commerce, Compton, Covina, Cudahy, Culver City, Diamond Bar, Downey, Duarte, East Rancho Dominguez, El Monte, El Segundo, Encino, Gardena, Glendale, Glendora, Granada Hills, Hacienda Heights, Harbor City, Hawaiian Gardens, Hawthorne, Hermosa Beach, Huntington Park, Inglewood, Irwindale, La Canada Flintridge, La Crescenta, La Mirada, La Puente, La Verne, Lake Balboa, Lake Hughes, Lakewood, Lancaster, Lawndale, Littlerock, Llano, Lomita, Long Beach, Los Angeles, Los Nietos, Lynwood, Malibu, Manhattan Beach, Marina Del Rey, Maywood, Mission Hills, Monrovia, Montebello, Monterey Park, Montrose, Mount Wilson, Newhall, North Hills, North Hollywood, Northridge, Norwalk, Oak Park, Pacific Palisades, Pacoima, Palmdale, Palos Verdes Peninsula, Panorama City, Paramount, Pasadena, Pearblossom, Pico Rivera, Playa Del Rey, Pomona, Rancho Dominguez, Rancho Palos Verdes, Redondo Beach, Reseda, Rolling Hills Estates, Rosemead, Rowland Heights, San Dimas, San Fernando, San Gabriel, San Marino, San Pedro, Santa Clarita, Santa Fe Springs, Santa Monica, Saugus, Sherman Oaks, Sierra Madre, Signal Hill, South El Monte, South Gate, South Pasadena, Stevenson Ranch, Studio City, Sun Valley, Sunland, Sylmar, Tarzana, Temple City, Toluca Lake, Topanga, Torrance, Tujunga, Universal City, Valencia, Valley Village, Valyermo, Van Nuys, Venice, Verdugo City, Vernon, Walnut, West Covina, West Hills, West Hollywood, Whittier, Wilmington, Winnetka, Woodland Hills


text:
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.oufyp.bestpricehk.DisplayShares">

    <ListView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/listView"
/>
</RelativeLayout>


Regular user DOP Tom Watts came down to our London studios to test out our brand new lighting equipment for both video and photography shoots in the context of a fashion shoot.
"Camberwell Studios recently upgraded their lighting kit, so I went down for the day with a couple of models and a makeup artist to try it all out.
I was shooting photography as well as video so it was also a good chance to use continuous lighting in a photo shoot. Continuous lighting for photography has a few pros and cons over standard flash heads.
The main advantage is that you can see exactly what the lighting looks like as you're making alterations which is useful, if like me, you are are usually lighting for film. Another advantage is that if you're shooting video and stills at the same time, then one lighting setup will cover both without the need to set up separate flash heads.
2 x octodome softboxes for the ARRI 2k. Octodomes are fantastic to light with so to have 2 available was ideal.
Lighting with coloured gels is a tricky beast. You have to make sure the colour palette you choose works together and also works with skin tones. It's considered poor form to make your models look like they have jaundice. The other aspect of using coloured gels is that it will magnify and mistakes in your lighting which might get by unnoticed when the light is all one colour. Another point to note about coloured gels is that the colours can't mix on the model or they will just bleach each other out to white which adds a new level of challenge to lighting the models well.
Below are some shots from the shoot.
These first 2 are actually the same setup, by facing the model left and right she is catching different aspects of the set up. I used the two 2k lights with the softboxes attached as well as the 2 film gear light banks and a 650 light. The Soft boxes were placed either side of the model and gelled teal on the left and magenta on the right, I then wrapped the light from each softbox with a FIlmgear light bank gelled the same colour. The light bank's slightly harder light adds to the soft light from the soft boxes to give you a smooth transition of soft light on the face to a hard rim light. The 650 was gelled and used to light the backdrop.
In these 2 shots I used a lighting technique to create a coloured shadow. These were shot with only 2 lights, one of the 2k Fresnels with a softbox and a 650. To achieve this lighting style the background is lit with a coloured gel and the model is lit with a hard light source which creates a clean shadow and bleaches out the background colour not blocked by the shadow. In this case I removed the diffuse from the softbox which in essence gave me a very large hard light source with a slight softness to it so it was more flattering.
In this next shot I went with an orange and teal combination. This combination worked well with the model's natural skin and hair tones. This was a fairly standard Rembrandt lighting setup with a few tweaks, I used the 2k with softbox as well as one of the filmgear light banks and a 650. The softbox acted as the Rembrandt light which was gelled to a full CTO, with the white balance set to tungsten this gives you a nice warm orange. The lightbank was set up as a opposite side kicker, catching the hair and arm. The 650 was gelled with a full CTO and used to light the backdrop.
The next set up built on the previous one with an additional soft box gelled a soft magenta opposite the rembrandt light creating a subtle 2 tone skin effect.


text:
Berlin Vacation Travel Guide | Expedia
Berlin – Germany's capital city has had a long and storied past, making it a fascinating place to visit today. Check out the top sights in Berlin!
When ready, browse vacation packages to Berlin: https://www.expedia.com/Berlin.d179892.Destination-Travel-Guides
Your #Berlin #vacation should include a #tour of the incredible architecture of the city owed to its lengthy history. From the Charlottenburg Palace to the Bahn Tower, you'll find plenty to look at in the city's downtown area. Stop by Prater Garten for a German brew—built in 1837, it's one of few buildings that has survived both World Wars.
#Visit Museum Island, located in the Spree River. It features five museums where you can explore the art of numerous cultures, or wander through a replica of the Ishtar Gate.
If you're looking for a thriving nightlife, Berlin is the place to go. When the sun sets on the city, the party really begins, and you can find any number of clubs where you can dance until long after the sun comes up.
For now, we hope you enjoy watching this #travel #guide as much as we enjoyed making it.
More travel information around Berlin: https://www.expedia.com/Berlin.dx179892
Subscribe to Expedia's YouTube Channel for great travel videos and join the conversation on the best vacation ideas.
FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/expedia
TWITTER: https://twitter.com/Expedia
INSTAGRAM: https://instagram.com/expedia/
PINTEREST: https://www.pinterest.com/expedia
0:00 – Berlin
1:50 – Brandenburg Gate
2:07 – The Reichstag
2:27 – Holocaust Memorial
2:43 – The Tiergarten
2:54 – Bellevue Palace
3:05 – Berlin Zoo
3:26 – The Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church
3:44 – The Chapel of Reconciliation
3:58 – East Side Gallery
4:23 – Checkpoint Charlie
4:42 – DDR Museum
5:06 – Museum Island
5:28 – Berlin Cathedral
5:47 – Bebelplatz and Alexanderplatz
6:03 – The Fernsehturm
6:12 – Potsdamer Platz
Cuba Vacation Travel Guide | Expedia
Mexico City Vacation Travel Guide | Expedia
Orange County Vacation Travel Guide | Expedia
Orange County – Find this Californian destination between the vibrant metropolis of Los Angeles and the relaxed waves of San Diego. Come visit "OC," as it's called by locals, located along the Pacific coastline and inland. When ready, browse vacation packages to Orange County: https://www.expedia.com/Orange-County.d603224.Destination-Travel-Guides Your #OrangeCounty #vacation should include a #tour of some of…
Read More Orange County Vacation Travel Guide | ExpediaContinue
Things to Do on the Big Island's Kona Coast for the Day: our perfect Hawaii day
The Kona Coast on the Island of Hawaii (Big Island) has enough to do to fill your vacation to Hawaii. Thanks to Get Wet Store for supporting our channel. Here is one of our favorite days exploring the Kona Coast. Get Wet Store Snorkel Gear: Learn More Here https://thehawaiivacationguide.com/GetWetStore Jordan's prescription goggles and snorkel set:…
Read More Things to Do on the Big Island's Kona Coast for the Day: our perfect Hawaii dayContinue
Niagara Falls Vacation Travel Guide Expedia
Read More Niagara Falls Vacation Travel Guide ExpediaContinue
Sunshine Coast Vacation Travel Guide | Expedia
Sunshine Coast – A region blessed by mother nature, venture here to enjoy miles of spectacular coastline on one side and tranquil hinterland on the other. When ready, browse vacation packages to Sunshine Coast: https://www.expedia.com/Sunshine-Coast.d180069.Destination-Travel-Guides Just over an hour north of Queensland's capital, Brisbane, lies Australia's #SunshineCoast. Endless golden beaches, year-round swimming and an easygoing…
Read More Sunshine Coast Vacation Travel Guide | ExpediaContinue
Warsaw Vacation Travel Guide | Expedia
Warsaw – The capital of Poland stands today as the product of some of history's most defining events. Follow us through the city and see all the best spots to visit here. When ready, browse vacation packages to Warsaw: https://www.expedia.com/Warsaw.d178317.Destination-Travel-Guides For centuries #Warsaw has been a center of refinement and knowledge. Its strategic position has…
Read More Warsaw Vacation Travel Guide | ExpediaContinue
Trujillo Vacation Travel Guide | Expedia
Trujillo – Known as the Peruvian Capital of Culture, this Spanish colonial city in the northern desert of Peru is a vibrant place, with colorful architecture and proud Latino traditions. When ready, browse vacation packages to Trujillo: https://www.expedia.com/Trujillo.d3537.Destination-Travel-Guides A #Trujillo #vacation will invite you to #explore the ancient ruins of lost civilizations which dot the…
Read More Trujillo Vacation Travel Guide | ExpediaContinue


text:
package org.araqne.storage.crypto;

public interface MacBuilder {
	byte[] digest(byte[] input) throws LogCryptoException;

	byte[] digest(byte[] input, int offset, int limit) throws LogCryptoException;
}


Can You Solve the Sphinx's Other Riddle?
One of the most celebrated tragedies of ancient Greece was Oedipus Rex, Sophocles' play about the Theban king who unwittingly killed his father and married his mother. In order to become King of Thebes, Oedipus had had to solve a famous riddle – or should that be riddles?
Oedipus was born to King Laius and Queen Jocasta of Thebes, but when Laius hears a prophecy that he will die at the hands of his son, he orders the child to be killed. The infant is left on a mountain to die, but a shepherd finds him and takes him in, raising him as his own son and naming him Oedipus (literally 'swollen feet', from the pins that had bound the infant's feet together when he was found). When he grows up in Corinth, Oedipus learns of the prophecy that he will kill his father and marry his mother, and thinking that the shepherd and his wife are his real parents, he flees the city in order to ensure such a fate never befalls them – only to run into his biological father, Laius, on his way to Thebes. The two men fight and Laius is killed. Oedipus then arrives in Thebes to find that the king has recently been killed, but poor Swollen-Foot doesn't think to put two and two together. Instead, he becomes king, marrying the widowed queen (whose name is – you've guessed it, Jocasta) and having children with her.
Later, Oedipus learns of what he has done, and blinds himself; Jocasta, upon learning that she'd borne her own grandchildren with her son, hangs herself.
We've written about the story of Oedipus previously, in our brief history of tragedy. The story of Oedipus gave Sigmund Freud, father of psychoanalysis, the idea for his theory of the 'Oedipus complex', where every male child harbours an unconscious desire to do precisely what Oedipus inadvertently did. The child has to repress this desire, but is often only partly successful (Shakespeare's Hamlet, for instance, doesn't fully manage it, according to Freud's reading of the play – a fact that numerous theatre and film directors have seized upon, especially when portraying Hamlet's frustration at his mother's remarriage to his uncle).
If such a family set-up sounds as unconventional as Oedipus' own, then the answer at least puts us at our ease. The two sisters are 'Day' and 'Night'.
Perhaps the Sphinx should perhaps have stopped at the first riddle. It was certainly her stronger material. And she did the right thing in choosing to open with it.
Image: Oedipus and the Sphinx of Thebes (author: Carole Raddato), Wikimedia Commons.
That was my guess, too. However, had I been a editor in ancient Greece I'd have thrown away the manuscript to this tale of woe. Poor Will — I think he'd be astounded to know what Freud has read into Hamlet's grief.
Yes, mine too; sun and moon seemed to be the most obvious pair.
la mythologie grec, c'est ma grande passion.
Very interesting literature indeed ;-) Thanks for sharing.
day and night ..is perfect..
In high school I took a Greek mythology class. It was fun.
ok i got it instantly !


It's not just Neopets that need to eat and drink. At this home for lost Meepits, it's up to you to make sure all the little Meepit children get their daily Juppie Juice.
In this game you are controlling the Juice-O-Matic, an overly complicated machine designed to deliver fresh Juppie Juice to Meepits. Click on each pipe to rotate it clockwise so that there is an unbroken pipe between the Juppie Juice and the Meepits. Sometimes you will have to mix colours together to create a new one!
If a Meepit drinks Juppie Juice that is the same colour as them you get extra points (they are quite particular about what they drink). However, they will be satisfied with any colour.
If a Meepit is not fed in time you will lose a life. Lose three lives and it's game over, and the Meepits will not be pleased.
You are about to send feedback on Meepit Juice Break. We would appreciate it if you could give the game a rating out of 10, and also tell us any additional comments you may have.
Thank you for your feedback on Meepit Juice Break.


text:
L'abbaye de Muckross est l'un des principaux sites ecclésiastiques du parc national de Killarney dans le comté de Kerry en Irlande. Elle est fondée en 1448 par Domhnall an Dána mac Taidhg Mac Carthaigh Mór et établie dès lors comme monastère pour les frères franciscains de l'Observance. Le dernier Mac Carthy à être abbé laïc de Muckross fut Donal Mac Carthy Mor, comte de Glencar, mort en 1596.

Présentation

L'histoire de l'abbaye est ponctuée par la violence : elle est saccagée puis reconstruite plusieurs fois. Les moines faisaient souvent l'objet de persécutions et subirent les attaques répétées de bandes de pillards. L'abbaye est finalement brûlée par les troupes d'Oliver Cromwell en 1652.

Les Mac Carthy, O'Sullivan et O'Donoghe, trois grands chefs de clan, y sont enterrés, ainsi que de grands poètes du comté de Kerry des , tels que O'Donoghue, Aogán O'Rathaille et O'Suilleabhain.

Aujourd'hui, l'abbaye, bien que n'ayant plus de toit sur sa majeure partie, est relativement bien conservée. L'une de ses curiosités est son cloître voûté, de style romano-gothique normand, organisé autour d'une cour intérieure qui abrite en son centre un grand if plusieurs fois centenaire, comme à l'emplacement de l'ancien cloître de l'abbaye de Jumièges en Normandie.

Voir aussi

Article connexe

 Muckross House

Parc national de Killarney
Muckross
Muckross
Monument national en Irlande (pays)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home Finance Investment The World Economic Forum Has Invented A New Word To Describe The...
The World Economic Forum Has Invented A New Word To Describe The Extreme Chaos That Is Gripping Our Planet – Investment Watch
This week, 2,658 of the "world's decision-makers" will gather in Davos, Switzerland for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum. Protected by thousands of police officers and soldiers, the elite of the world will feast and party throughout the week as they shape the global agenda for the coming year. Needless to say, our input is not desired or welcomed. In order to get into this conference, you have got to be a part of their club, and in order to be a part of their club you must be a very important person. It is being reported that the official list of 2,658 attendees this year includes "heads of state, business royalty, actual royalty, media honchos, and academics"…
The world's decision-makers are gathering in Switzerland this week for the World Economic Forum meeting. The annual event of business and government leaders is expecting a solid turnout as it returns to its traditional winter time slot following two years of covid disruptions.
According to the official list, which is accurate as of Jan. 10, 2,658 attendees are registered for the event. Among them are heads of state, business royalty, actual royalty, media honchos, and academics. There are hundreds more participating on the sidelines, whether organizing, catering, or attending corporate events along the promenade that cuts through the center of Davos.
I suppose that someone could try to show up at the conference unannounced, but it is not likely that anyone that is not authorized will get very close.
All of the roads leading to the conference have checkpoints, and apparently fingerprint scanners are being used in some cases to verify identities.
NOW – Police and military have blocked the access roads to Davos, where Klaus Schwab is holding his World Economic Forum summit.
People, vehicles, and fingerprints are now being checked. pic.twitter.com/K5p1r2iMas
— Disclose.tv (@disclosetv) January 13, 2023
I can't recall ever seeing anything quite like this.
In addition to hordes of regular police, the Swiss military will be providing "up to 5,000 soldiers" to bolster security…
With one week to go until the who's who of the most radical globalists descend upon the picturesque ski resort town of Davos, Switzerland for the World Economic Forum (WEF) annual meeting, up to 5,000 soldiers from the Swiss army will be deployed to offer military support to the civil authorities of the canton of Graubünden, who are responsible for securing the summit's premises and its participants.
In a statement released Friday, January 6th, the Swiss Defense Department (VBS) said that the Federal Assembly, the country's parliament, had approved the deployment of the Swiss army contingent to ensure the security of thousands of participants, the Swiss German-language newspaper Blick reports. This year's deployment is part of a three-year commitment, from 2022 to 2024, by Parliament to support these high profile civic activities.
Somehow, Klaus Schwab and his minions have turned this annual gathering in Davos into a "must attend" event for the global elite.
And if there is anything that the global elite do not like, it is mixing with the general population.
As Paul Joseph Watson has aptly observed, it is a big club and you and I are not part of it.
Leading up to the conference, the WEF issued a "global risks report", and in that report they actually created a brand new term to describe the extreme chaos that is gripping our world right now…
The collective vocabularies stored in the world's great dictionaries didn't appear to hold a single world to sum up all this strife. So here's a new one: Polycrisis.
The World Economic Forum's Global Risks Report 2023 uses the term, to explain how, "present and future risks can also interact with each other to form a 'polycrisis' – a cluster of related global risks with compounding effects, such that the overall impact exceeds the sum of each part".
Normally, I disagree with everything that the World Economic Forum does, but I actually kind of like this new term that they have come up with.
We are definitely facing "a cluster of related global risks with compounding effects, such that the overall impact exceeds the sum of each part", and 2023 will almost certainly be another year when we are hit by one crisis after another.
I have often referred to what we are facing as "a perfect storm", but I think that "polycrisis" is a pretty good descriptor as well.
Unfortunately, virtually every "solution" that will be on the agenda at Davos will be bad for humanity.
The globalists don't seem to realize that the system that they have worked so hard to carefully construct is rapidly failing, and many in the general population are sick and tired of the self-destructive policies that they have been trying to push on all the rest of us.
Interestingly, as the global elite gather in Davos an extremely rare "green comet" will be making a run toward Earth…
A rare green comet, last seen in Earth's skies 50,000 years ago, is revisiting our solar system and may become visible to the naked eye within the next few weeks.
The comet – formally identified as C/2022 E3 (ZTF) but commonly called the "green comet" – won't be as bright as other famous comets such as Halley's or Hale-Bopp.
"The brightness of comets is notoriously unpredictable, but by (Feb. 1) C/2022 E3 (ZTF) could become only just visible to the eye in dark night skies," NASA said in its blog.
This comet will be the closest to our planet on February 1st and 2nd, and that will be the best opportunity to potentially see it with the naked eye.
Before I end this article, I wanted to acknowledge the passing of Lisa Marie Presley.
Lisa Marie Presley dead at 54 due to cardiac arrest 💉 pic.twitter.com/KHILRupP5z
— Sharaiya Negron 🗣 (@SharaiyaN) January 13, 2023
It is such a tragedy to lose her at such a young age.
If Elvis was alive today, how do you think he would have responded to the sudden death of his little girl?
2023 is just a little over two weeks old, and already there has been so much sadness.
Unfortunately, I believe that much more sadness is coming, because the "polycrisis" that we are facing will only intensify even more as global events continue to accelerate.
Previous articleRihanna Wears Cutout Catsuit For Savage X Fenty Valentine's Day – Hollywood Life
Next articleMielle Organics Inks Partnership With Proctor & Gamble
Turning Your Bedroom Into the Luxurious Hotel Room of Your Dreams
Jackée Harry Recalls Brushing Kenya Barris Off Back In The Day
'Caddyshack' & Serena – Hollywood Life


National Trench Safety LLC (NTS), a Houston-based company specializing in the rental and sales of trench and traffic safety equipment, trench and traffic safety engineering, and OSHA- compliant training classes, announced the opening of a new branch operation in Santa Rosa, Calif.
"We're excited to be extending our reach and presence in northern California with the addition of this new Santa Rosa operation," said Ron Chilton, president of NTS. "We have serviced this market for a number of years from our Fremont and Sacramento, California, operations and we needed to establish a local presence to be able to better serve the area. This new operation will allow us to provide quicker responses to our existing customer base while also reaching new customers in the Santa Rosa and surrounding market."
The new Santa Rosa branch will be managed by Mike Welton, a seasoned trench safety veteran, with an extensive track record of success in the Santa Rosa and northern California markets.
"We are extremely pleased to have Mike heading up our new Santa Rosa operation," said Chilton. "Mike is a well- known and highly regarded trench safety professional that has established a strong following in the Santa Rosa market. He has a deep understanding of the market and a strong product background that will make him an immediate asset to our customer base."
The Santa Rosa operation is the 35th branch location for National Trench Safety in the United States and England. This large national footprint allows NTS to provide its national, regional and local market customers a fully integrated, national branch network delivering unique engineered solutions, the highest level of customer service and the most cost effective shoring solutions in the industry.
In maintaining its objective of building a nationwide network of trench and traffic safety branches, NTS plans to open several additional branch locations in 2019.
For more information about NTS, visit www.ntsafety.com.


Alys Beach recaptures the spirit of waterfront communities of the past and treasured places where seaside traditions began. Conceived as a more gracious way to live along the water, Alys Beach sets a new standard along Scenic Highway 30-A, the road synonymous with thoughtful town planning, environmentally sensitive design, and quality architecture. The 158-acre community, master-planned by Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company, includes 1,500 feet of beach front and a 20-acre nature preserve. The more than 600 townhouses, courtyard homes, villas, and compound retreats are positioned to take advantage of water views, sight corridors, and prevailing Gulf breezes.


Beginning with a class-A buffering circuit, The Hot-British V9 gives you the feel of a true-bypass pedal with the added benefits of greater noise rejection and lower impedance. Its 3 gain stages and powerful post-distortion EQ controls deliver a flexible high gain experience that is reminiscent of big hair and pointy guitars. In other words, the Hot-British V9 is a Plexi-in-a-box packed full of harmonics, sustain and balls to the wall distortion. Grab your whammy bar!
Pair the Hot-British V9 with the JDX Direct-Drive™ to connect directly to the PA while retaining the same tone and feel of having an amp on stage. The Direct-Drive provides amp simulation modeled after the sound of a dynamic mic on a 4x12 cabinet.
Pair the Hot-British with your favorite amp, adjust the distortion from slight to extreme, and use the EQ controls to match the tone to your guitar and playing style.
"It's a versatile pedal with the potential for violence, but its strength lies in its portability and willingness to help you get what you need out of mystery backlines. In other words, it's a great travelling companion."


9 maple plies with Arbor's premium wood top. Wood material comes from sustainable sources of supply. Wood byproduct is reclaimed for use in other products. Decks are produced using Eco-friendly water-based sanding sealers.
Arbor Sucrose Initiative Outlook Series. Designed for carving and cruising the streets, fun for all around town performance. 70.0 mm, 78a durometer, 36 mm contact patch, 0 mm offset. Low-profile Momentum core for a smoother ride. Fusion formula for performance, durability, and reduced petroleum.
Clear spray-on grip made from crushed recycled glass.
An advanced drop-through shape for technical freestyle, around town cruiser trickers, and mellow downhill.


The Pilgrim Freshmen Baseball team down South Bend St Joe Saturday morning in a 10 run rule contest. The Pilgrims won 13-2 in five innings.
The Pilgrims knocked out 11 hits on the day. Zach Masterson and Peyton Dailey had two hits each to lead the Pilgrim attack. Masterson and Jack Yadon each had a pair of RBI's.
Skyler Aker started on the mound for the young Pilgrims. He went three innings on the mound gaining the victory. He gave up four hits and recorded two strikeouts while giving up one earned run in his stint.
The win moves their record to 1-1 on the year. Next up for the freshmen is a trip to Concord Tuesday. The first pitch is scheduled for 5:30.


text:
require "vmc/cli"

module VMCAdmin
  class Curl < VMC::CLI
    def precondition
      check_target
    end

    desc "Execute a raw request"
    group :admin
    input :mode, :argument => :required,
      :desc => "Request mode (Get/Put/etc.)"
    input :path, :argument => :required,
      :desc => "Request path"
    input :headers, :argument => :splat,
      :desc => "Headers (i.e. Foo: bar)"
    input :body, :alias => "-b",
      :desc => "Request body"
    def curl
      mode = input[:mode].upcase
      path = input[:path]
      body = input[:body]

      headers = {}
      input[:headers].each do |h|
        k, v = h.split(/\s*:\s*/, 2)
        headers[k.downcase] = v
      end

      content = headers["content-type"]
      accept = headers["accept"]

      content ||= :json if body
      accept ||= :json unless %w(DELETE HEAD).include?(mode)

      req, res =
        client.base.rest_client.request(
          mode,
          remove_leading_slash(path),
          :headers => headers,
          :accept => accept,
          :payload => body,
          :content => body && content)

      if [:json, "application/json"].include? accept
        puts MultiJson.dump(res, :pretty => true)
      else
        puts res
      end
    end

    def remove_leading_slash(path)
      path.sub(%r{^/}, '')
    end
  end
end


Can CBD Help Broken Bones Heal Faster?
Home › CBD News › Can CBD Help Broken Bones Heal Faster?
CBD is thought to have many healthful and healing properties beyond its nutritional value as a dietary supplement, and its calming effect on the nervous system. But can it help broken bones mend more quickly? A recent study by research teams at Tel Aviv University (TAU) in Israel, suggest that the potential is undeniable.
Results show that CBD, the non-psychotropic compound in the Cannabis plant, plays a significant role in the growth and strengthening of bones. Scientifically, it makes sense. CBD is classified as a Cannabinoid. There are multiple Cannabinoid receptors in the human body, all involved with many vital and non-vital systems.
In earlier studies, the TAU researchers made the discovery that these Cannabinoid receptors stimulated bone formation and even inhibited bone loss. This led them to investigate further; studying whether Cannabis, or the compounds found within it, could help broken bones to heal.
They found that not only does CBD support healing, it also makes bones stronger during the therapeutic process. In fact, following CBD therapy, bones become more difficult to break. These research studies open the door to future applications of Cannabinoid compounds for treating bone-related diseases, including osteoporosis.
With osteoporosis responsible for more than 8.9 million fractures each year worldwide (that's an osteoporotic fracture every three seconds) the TAU findings offer significant hope for faster recovery and more positive outcomes overall.
If it seems like we're excited. We are. As strong advocates for medical research exploring the palliative and curative possibilities of CBD, it is encouraging to see serious advances being made. In talking to the experts at Discover CBD , they report hearing personal stories every day attesting to the medicinal benefits of CBD oils, tinctures, balms and other CBD rich products. With controlled studies, human trials and sustained research just beginning to define the scope of these benefits, it is up to each individual to look at the source material and evaluate the facts.
For your reference, a recent article distributed by United Press International, a global news agency, covers the details of the TAU study. You can also read about the impact of CBD on injured bones in publications such as the Huffington Post. On an academic level, the preclinical data published online in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research corroborates the effect of CBD for improved healing for bone fracture. Taken together, the facts indicating CBD is a healing agent are compelling.
On a personal note, my family relies on high grade CBD oils extracted from Hemp for issues related to anxiety, insomnia and a serious knee injury. Currently, CBD products derived from Hemp are the only CBD products that fall within legal guidelines and FDA scheduling. These products are available for online purchase here in the US from companies in Europe and from Colorado-based firms such as www.discovercbd.com.
Do you have a question or comment about CBD? Let us know, and we will respond right away. In the meantime, sign up for our newsletter and visit our website regularly for the latest updates on research, legislation, and other news impacting your access to Cannabidiol.
Thank you for taking the time to read our blog! To get your very own Active CBD products, come into any one of our Discover CBD stores, on the web at discovercbd.com, facebook, or by simply calling us at, 719-358-7553 to place an order!
North Colorado Springs: 3438 N. Academy Blvd.
South Colorado Springs: 3215 S. Academy Blvd.


text:
LSE Comment
Blog Admin
Contrary to recent assertions, the British political class is not becoming more exclusive to public school and Oxbridge types, but there has still been a remarkable resilience in the presence of the privileged in the post-war period
3 comments | 1 shares
Estimated reading time: 5 minutes
In 'Posh and Posher: Why Public School Boys Run Britain', Andrew Neil warned that public school boys and Oxbridge graduates are taking over politics once more – but is there any truth to the story? Stephen Crone argues that, in fact, politics is not becoming more socially exclusive, but neither is the traditional entrenchment of privilege on the wane and indeed it has proved to be remarkably resilient throughout the post-war period.
When it was broadcast in January, Andrew Neil's documentary, Posh and Posher: Why Public School Boys Run Britain, received an almost universally positive reception – both on the left and the right. Many apparently agreed with its main proposition: that after a period of political meritocracy during which we enjoyed thirty-three consecutive years of state-educated prime ministers, Britain has now re-entered an age of elitism in which "old Etonians are ruling the country once more."
The documentary offered some unsettling facts and trends to support this theory, informing us that the number of MPs educated at public schools is on the rise, and that the upper echelons of the major political parties are now beholden to Oxbridge graduates; but its message was perhaps best captured by its indelicate yet effective imagery – with old footage of Harold Wilson and Edward Heath (set to T. Rex's Children of the Revolution) juxtaposed with an interview between Neil and that redoubtable Etonian caricature, Jacob Rees-Mogg MP, in which the latter ironically declared "I'm a man of the people. Vox populi, vox Dei."
Entertaining though it may have been, recent Democratic Audit research suggests, however, that the claims made in Posh and Posher were somewhat 'hit and miss'. Contrary to what Neil asserted, there is no compelling evidence of a public school or Oxbridge insurgency in the Commons, or the Cabinet. Indeed, the public school and Oxbridge contingent has always been considerable, and its fortunes, if anything, appear to be stable in some parties and declining in others.
We have based our conclusions on three key sources. To determine how the educational profile of MPs has changed over the past sixty years, we have used data from the long-running Nuffield general election series, written by David Butler and others. Information on the educational makeup of selected Cabinets, meanwhile, has been chiefly derived from Butler's British Political Facts – with supplementary information on the Blair, Brown and Cameron Cabinets added using recent editions of Dod's Parliamentary Companion.
Of course, whether or not it can be said that 'public school boys are back, dominating public life like they used to' depends to some extent on the measure we use. If we look at the figures in absolute terms, over a short period of time and without reference to variations between the parties, then it will invariably be seen that the number of MPs educated at public schools did rise slightly between the general elections of 2005 and 2010. However, this increase was almost entirely attributable to the improved performance of the Conservative Party in 2010.
For a more nuanced and slightly less facile analysis, we ought to look instead at theproportion of each parliamentary party educated at public schools, over a much longer period. This creates a rather different picture. Indeed, Figure 1 shows: that the percentage of public school educated Conservative MPs is actually at an all time low of 54 per cent, and has been decreasing since 1997; that the percentage of Labour MPs educated at public schools has fluctuated at around 15 per cent for decades; and that the Liberal Democrats have managed a modest reduction in their public school contingent, from 50 per cent in 1992, to 39 per cent in 2010.
Clearly, these figures are still very high when one considers that the percentage of children that are privately-educated is reported to be around 7 per cent; but if Neil believes that they amount to 'domination' of Parliament by public school boys, then it is clearly a lessonerous form of domination than that experienced under Conservative governments during the 'golden age of meritocracy' which he eulogised in his documentary.
Figure 1: MPs educated at Public Schools (1951-2010)
Liberal / Alliance / Lib Dem
Number % Number % Number %
1951 240 74.8 60 20.3 - -
1959 263 72.1 47 18.2 4 66.7
1970 243 73.6 50 17.4 3 50
Feb-74 220 74.1 49 16.3 10 71.4
Oct-74 208 75.1 56 17.6 9 69.2
1983 278 70 30 14.4 12 52.2
1987 256 68.1 32 14 10 45.5
1992 208 61.9 40 14.8 10 50
2001 106 63.9 68 16.5 18 34.6
Neil also purported to demonstrate the grip which Oxford and Cambridge graduates have suddenly taken over the parties – showing, for example, that many of our leading politicians not only went to Oxford or Cambridge, but also studied the same course (PPE), and occasionally even attended the same college. However, the Nuffield studies again paint a slightly different picture. The Oxbridge parliamentary contingent – whilst still highly significant – is relatively stagnant among the ranks of Labour and Liberal Democrat MPs, and has diminished quite dramatically for the Tories, from 51 per cent in 1997, to 34 per cent in 2010.
Our data relating to the educational composition of post-war Cabinets (shown in Figure 2) broadly mirrors the trends which we have identified for the Commons. It shows that Cameron's Cabinet is more elitist, in educational terms, than any post-war Labour Cabinet, but has a lower proportion of Cabinet ministers educated at public schools than any Conservative Cabinet in the post-war period – as well as a lower proportion of Cabinet ministers educated at either Oxford or Cambridge than any other post-war Conservative Cabinet, bar that of Churchill in 1951.
Relatively speaking, Neil's notion that public school boys, and Etonians in particular, have taken over the country still therefore seems like hyperbole. Indeed, the more noticeable trend is again the extent to which those educated at public schools and Oxbridge haveconsistently won representation in Cabinet disproportionate to their numbers in Parliament (and among the population more generally), irrespective of the government's political hue.
In all Labour Cabinets, for example, the proportion of ministers educated at public schools has typically been around thirty per cent, whilst the proportion of Labour Cabinet ministers educated at either Oxford or Cambridge usually hovers at around forty per cent or so. Yet, the proportion of the Parliamentary Labour Party educated at public schools and Oxbridge has typically been at about half of these levels.
Figure 2: Educational Composition of Post-War Cabinets
No. of Cabinet Ministers
Attlee (Aug 1945) 20 25 10 25
Churchill (Oct 1951) 16 87.5 43.8 56.3
Eden (Apr 1955) 18 100 55.6 77.8
Macmillan (Jan 1957) 18 94.4 44.4 83.3
Home (Oct 1963) 24 87.5 45.8 70.8
Wilson (Oct 1964) 23 34.8 4.3 47.8
Heath (Jun 1970) 18 83.3 22.2 83.3
Wilson (Mar 1974) 21 33.3 0 52.4
Callaghan (Apr 1976) 22 31.8 0 45.5
Thatcher (May 1979) 22 90.9 27.3 77.3
Major (Nov 1990) 22 63.6 9.1 77.3
Blair (May 1997) 22 40.9 0 22.7
Brown (Jun 2007) 22 36.4 0 45.5
Cameron (May 2010) 23 52.2 4.3 65.2
Although there is an old Etonian in 10 Downing Street once more, it therefore seems that the 'chief nurse of England's statesmen' does not have the hold on power that it once had. The proportion of Etonians in the Parliamentary Conservative Party has gone down, whilst the proportion of other former public school boys and Oxbridge graduates has also declined. Although some may find it understandably difficult to believe, Cameron is in fact the leader of the least public school and Oxbridge educated Conservative Party in modern times; and the prime minister in a Cabinet which – even if, formally speaking, that of a coalition government – is far less exclusive in its constitution than any other post-war Conservative Cabinet.
It should go without saying that a Parliament or Cabinet in which half, a third, or even a quarter of the membership been educated at public schools or Oxbridge can hardly be regarded as progressive. Neither can we assume that the proportion of public school and Oxbridge educated MPs and cabinet ministers is likely to decline significantly in the future. The point is simply that, at the very least, the proportion of public school and Oxbridge educated politicians does not appear to be increasing – a contention which formed the crux of Neil's documentary. Indeed, what is striking about the data we have collated is not the way in which it supports – or in this case, fails to support – the theory that politics is becoming more exclusive; but rather the way in which it demonstrates the remarkableresilience of the privileged over almost the entire post-war period.
Democratic audit's new website is available here
Please read our comments policy before posting
Posted In: Central government and core executive functions | Fairness and Equality | Party politics and elections
Oxbridge formula says:
This is a very interesting article. If I'm not mistaken, Balliol and Brasenose together have produced a significant proportion of prime ministers and MPs in this country.
Pingback: The problem of the political class is easy to exaggerate, but difficult to define : Democratic Audit UK
Pingback: What is the problem with the British political class? | Paul Cairney: Politics & Public Policy
Central government and core executive functions
The most successful Select Committee in the last parliament is now the most degraded
The Parliamentary arithmetic shows that the Cameron-Clegg coalition is almost immune to rebellions – it will last five years
2010 ELECTION ANALYSIS – Nobody has won in terms of votes, but the last-minute momentum was to Labour
Goodbye to "spin & split"?
This work by British Politics and Policy at LSE is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported.
We use cookies on this site to understand how you use our content, and to give you the best browsing experience. To accept cookies, click continue. To find out more about cookies and change your preferences, visit our Cookie Policy.


Keeping the Crew Happy !
The Diveboat Master courses were introduced due to demand from the diving industry.
Some time ago, IYT Worldwide was approached by a number of dive companies operating throughout the Caribbean Islands, Australia and the Red Sea (specifically Egypt) and asked to develop a course that would be specific to diveboat operators.
Research indicated that no such qualification currently existed and that a large number of diveboat operators while suitably qualified to teach scuba diving, were not suitably qualified to competently operate a diveboat.
The challenge was to develop a course that incorporated all of the health, safety, engineering, legal and competency aspects that are required to safely operate such a boat.
The concept was to develop a course that would incorporate everything that a diveboat operator would be required to know from the moment the boat left the dock until its safe return to port.
Dept.of Employment & Industrial Relations/ Workplace Health and Safety, Queensland Govt.
The courses, while diveboat specific, contain the necessary knowledge for operators to obtain various certificates of competency (COCs) issued by IYT Worldwide on behalf of the British Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) and the International Maritime Organisation (IMO).
N. B. These courses are by no means meant to replace any certification or licensing that may be required (by law) in the various flag state maritime jurisdictions worldwide.
During the development and research aspects of the courses, it quickly became apparent that one course would not be sufficient to cover all of the requirements for a diveboat operator.
Further research suggested that various levels of Diveboat Master qualifications should be introduced based on past experience and distance from a safe haven..
** STCW Basic Safety Training comprises theory and practical courses in sea survival, fire fighting, first aid at sea and personal safety and social responsibilities.
*The general engineering course can be taken as an instructional course in facilities / schools that have engineering workshops, or as competency based training, but requires successful completion of the IYT GEC Training Record Book.
STCW Basic Safety Training courses are available at participating IYT partner schools worldwide and at nautical colleges across the globe.
IYT will accept STCW certificates issued by other flag state authorities provided they are on the IMO white list.
STCW stands for the Standards of Training & Certification of Watchkeepers.
These standards are laid down by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) which has 181 member countries worldwide.
*** The IYT Diveboat Master Level 1 Certificate of Competency will only be issued upon successful completion of all six modules of the course.
Web Design: Caribbean Network Intl. Ltd.


Tall soldiers, half man, half serpent. Equipped with a huge sword and a wooden shield. They either attack with their sword or try to bite the player.
Common enemy inside the fortress.
Bite - They raise and then lunge their heads, biting the player. Does a fair amount of damage and can still inflict a small amount of damage even with a shield up.
Forward sword stab - The thrust their sword in a straight line towards the player. Easily dodged, leaving them wide open for attacks.
Normal sword sweep - Default attack, sweeps sword from right to left.
Heavy sword hit - Lunges out and charges up a heavy hit. Easily dodged and leaving their guard open for several counter attacks.


For many Americans, pets are important members of the family. As such, consumers are willing to spend a substantial amount of money to care for them yearly. According to the American Pet Products Association, in 2017 pet industry expenditures totaled $69.51 billion. In 2018, that number is estimated to have risen to $72.13 billion. If this upward trend continues, 2019 could prove to be another multi-billion dollar opportunity for pet product advertisers.
Pet product brands have many media options available to them for advertising. As a mass reach medium that dominates in-car share and drives ROI, AM/FM radio makes the most sense. Here's why.
AM/FM radio is effective in reaching advanced audience segments, described by Nielsen as "an audience that is defined with a buyer target, with the majority including an underlying age/gender qualifier." That might be parents, car enthusiasts, or in the case of pet products, dog owners. Targeting an advanced audience ensures delivering relevant messaging to the appropriate audience.
Nielsen used their media planning platform Nielsen Media Impact to examine the dog owner segment and study the monthly reach of each media. AM/FM radio reached 93% of dog owners monthly, more than TV, mobile, desktop/print, and digital.
Pet product advertisers can use AM/FM radio's 93% reach among this target audience to drive sales. A study of nearly 500 cross-media campaigns by Nielsen evaluated media factors driving sales lift. Of the three media factors, reach represents 61% of sales growth.
Erwin Ephron, father of modern media planning, explains, "Most advertising usually works by reminding people about brands they know, when they happen to need that product. Ads work best when the consumer is ready to buy. Remind the many. Don't lecture the few." Pet product advertisers can use AM/FM radio to build their brands and remind the masses of dog owners.
Nielsen reports AM/FM radio is effective at driving incremental reach for other media.
For example, reallocating a small portion of a TV media plan to AM/FM radio will increase reach and amplify brand impact in the purchase funnel. Nielsen has reported that AM/FM radio solves the common advertiser challenge of reaching light TV viewers by reaching nearly all of those who are exposed only lightly or not at all to TV advertising.
Nielsen's latest data reinforces this fact among dog owners: "Light TV viewers can be very effectively reached by radio, thereby extending the impact of the campaign." AM/FM radio adds +8% incremental reach to TV and +12% to mobile among dog owners.
It's not TV alone, either. Nielsen Media Impact also found that adding AM/FM radio to the media plan can grow incremental reach across media options among the important segment of dog owners on tablets, digital, print, desktops, and mobile.
Americans love their pets. They also love media, consuming more than 11 hours of content per day, according to Nielsen. By using a mass reach machine like AM/FM radio, pet product advertisers can reach huge portions of the pet category consumers and add incremental impact to their media plans.


Black Bears love berries too, and so are included in our Alaska Berry Picking Woodland Harvest Collection. Berry pickers and wild mushroom gatherers have to be attentive of the bears in the woods. Nice to wear a bell or bring along a friendly dog companion. This colorway with the deep dark browns and black of the dense fur of the Black Bear is perfect for both men and women. The deep rich brown black yarn makes an especially nice pair of socks as well as a hat for someone looking for a finer gauge.


text:
Home Articles Intellectual Property Rights Historical evolution of copyright law
Historical evolution of copyright law
Sneha Kolluru
Barron's Law dictionary defines copyright as "The protection of the works of artists and authors giving them the exclusive right to publish their works or determine who may so publish."
Protecting the works of writers, painters, photographers, filmmakers are becoming increasingly important in this day and age. Social media today has made everything so dispensable to us that it is very easy to plagiarize and misuse someone else's hard work without even taking their consent. Copyright laws enable an artist to not only protect their work but also help them benefit financially. The artist/ holder hence gets the freedom to regulate and distribute and benefit from their labour. It also promotes innovation. A lot of talent energy and innovative thinking is required to come up with an original idea so it is only natural that the creators should benefit from their effort.
Copyright essentially terms the author or producer's work as a literary property. It is a positive law or a manmade law i.e. a law that was made by the state to protect the rights of its citizens. It derives its authority from the sovereignty or the state and can be challenged in court.
Positive laws mainly consist of civil disputes of a less serious nature, unlike natural laws which cover criminal matters like a murder.
Copyright gives the producer an exclusive right legally to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize someone else to do it.
The earliest dispute related to a copyright dispute can be traced back to an old Irish manuscript called the Cathach. The Cathach was the oldest surviving manuscript by the Psalter. It contains versions of Psalms XXX(10) to CV (13) in the Latin language. It is traditionally accredited to Saint Columba because the copy, made in the dark hurriedly by a miraculous light, of a Psalter, lent to Columba by St. Finnian. There was a dispute regarding its ownership, the then King Diarmait Mac Cerbhaill declared "To every cow belongs her calf; therefore, to every book belongs its copy."
Before the invention of printing manuscripts was normally handwritten by copyists who did it either out of goodwill or were paid. Although there were complaints by earlier authors on the blunders by copyists and more than one protest in anger against the mangled manuscripts of the hurried servile transcribers none of them really complained about any copyright infringement. The importance of copyright grew after the invention of printers.
Johannes Gutenberg, a German inventor printer and publisher kickstarted printing in Europe. Caxton set up the first press in England in 1474. Initially, the printers acted as the publishers too. The first few books were mainly Bibles, prayer books etc.
But in 1465, not more than fifteen years since its invention. German printers Fust and Schoeffer tried to publish famous Roman statesman Cicero's book De Officiis. The original manuscripts required meticulous modifications to be publishable. The publishers had to sometimes interpret it themselves or take the help of highly educated scholars to make it easy for students to understand. After a highly laborious and time-consuming effort when the book was ready, the publishers were outraged when rival printers sold copies at a much lesser rate since they didn't have to pay for the scholars etc. to help publish the first copy and sought for a legal remedy.
The Senate of Venice then issued an order granting John of Spira the exclusive right for five years to publish the prints Cicero and of Pliny.
By granting this privilege, the sovereign had exceptionally exercised its power to protect the exceptional merit showcased by a worthy citizen. Although the privilege was given for a brief period only, it definitely set a precedent. A precedent which now has expanded and modified over the years. Today, a book published in Venice is protected for at least a period of fifty years due to international conventions that cover all of Europe.
This habit of taking permission from authorities of the state for special privileges to print books was trending increasingly. In 1491, Venice granted Italian jurist Peter of Ravenna along with a publisher of his choice exclusive rights to print and distribute his book Phoenix, this was the first instance recorded when copyright was given to the author himself. Italian states " encouraged printing and granted printers exclusive rights up to fourteen years to print specified classics,"
Germany issued its first privilege at Nuremberg in 1510. France allowed copyrighting only one edition at a time, the publisher had to issue a second patent if the works were reprinted.
In England, Richard Pynson, who was the then ruler Henry VIII's chief printer was the first to issue his book cum privileges, his title-page declared that no one could print or import any copies for two years in all of England. In 1533 his rival Winken de Worde acquired the King's privilege to publish the second edition of Witinton's grammar.
The first edition published 10 years ago was reprinted by Peter Trevers without his permission, Worde who was despoiled objected to this and on that basis applied for it and secured protection. This was another instance when a man did not think of his rights until he felt he was wronged. Over the years the expeditious development of copyright laws is due to the relentless protests of artists who have been deprived of controlling or enjoying the benefits of their labour.
Statute of Anne- But the privilege system concentrated mainly on regulating the printing process of books. The authors had no role or recognition in this area. They usually sold their books for a lump sum and enjoyed very limited benefits depending on the terms they had with their printer but these benefits were not officially recognized.
This all changed in the late seventeenth century when writing became more secular and authors demanded property rights of their writings. This movement was accelerated with John's Locke's labour theory which was very popular during the civil rights era.
Thus in 1709, an act titled "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by Vesting the Copies of Printed Books in the Authors or Purchasers of such Copies, during the Times therein mentioned." or the Statute of Anne was passed by queen Anne in England. As the title itself suggested, this statute for the first time granted copyright privileges to the author itself. This newly enacted formulation was the product of a new balance between political and economic powers, and demands that were the product of philosophical developments taking place during that time. Although given a very limited time of ownership (28 years) it set a precedent for other nations such as the USA.
It also wanted to abolish the monopolistic practices amongst the printers and keep a check on pricing. Stationers' Company register was abolished and in order to get a copyright, the author had to send a copy to the royal library and to a few university libraries.
In the famous case of Donaldson v Beckett, the House of Lords declared as per common law the author had an exclusive right to publish their book for the first time after which this right was annulled i.e. authors now did not have perpetual ownership of their work. This led to a market of cheap prints of classic books such as Shakespeare and Homer.
The Statute of Anne was not abided by in America although the Articles of Federation encouraged individual states to form their own laws; it was later made into federal law. The Copyright Act of 1790 was passed giving American authors a right to print, reprint and publish their own work for a period of fourteen years, this could be increased for another fourteen upon request. This monopoly was created as an incentive to encourage budding authors, artists and scientists to create original works. After 28 years the work became public domain to support and promote new creativity in arts and science.
Several amendments took place over the years, in 1976 the requirement to register to obtain copyright was not mandatory however to receive full protection from the law it is encouraged.
Berne Convention: This was the first time the copyright was recognized by governments on an international level. It was signed in September 1986 in Berne Switzerland. It aimed to protect the authors and not the publishers. It removed the requirement for all works to have a copyright notice. In 1928. It also revised its moral rights giving authors the right to be identified and also to object to the derogation of their work, these were non-transferable rights. It also made a few modifications for the reproduction of any literary or artistic work.
Copyright in India
Copyright in India covers all original published or unpublished works including literary, drama and artwork. Copyright here is applicable as soon as the product comes into existence and no formality is required to obtain its benefits although it is encouraged as it is helpful evidence. The Copyright Act in India was implemented for the first time in 1914. It emulated the 1911 act of the United Kingdom. Currently, we follow the Copyright Act of 1957. Several amendments took place over the years in order to adapt to the current trends and international conventions out of them. 2012 is the most significant one as it brought in new laws to conform to the technology treaties of WIPO. Several terms such as commercial rental and storing were also defined. The duration of the copyright of a photograph was also increased at par with literary works i.e. for the entire lifetime of the producer and 60 years after his death. The author can also relinquish the rights with the help of public notice.
India is a member of the Berne Convention, 1886 and also the Universal Copyright Convention, 1951. In case of violations under this act as per Section 56, the perpetrator can be injuncted, imprisoned for up to three years or would have to give financial relief up to 2 lakhs
Copyright is important because it gives economic benefits to our intellectuals who should be compensated for their effort and extraordinary thought. Such laws will also protect them from getting exploited copied and also encourage them to do more creative work and most importantly ensure that the originator or author gets his due credit. This would also give them the power to influence its future. In the past infringement was very common especially in industrial countries but now with an increase in awareness and new laws they can be kept in check. At the same time, laws should ensure that such measures do not hinder with the creativity of individuals.
Do we have to register for copyright in India?
No, Copyright laws are applicable as soon as the work is produced but registering it will be helpful evidence.
For how long is copyright available to an author in India?
The law can be used by the author during his entire lifetime and 60 years after his death
What works can be copyrighted?
All literary, artistic, cinematographic and drama, photographic work etc can be copyrighted
Does India follow the Berne Convention?
Yes, India is a member of the Berne Convention
Previous articleThe Personal Laws (Amendment) Act, 2019
Next articleRight to Vote
Hi, I'm Sneha Kolluru, A passion for politics, reading and endless arguing with people for the most frivolous things possible have led me to pursue law at Pune University. Combine that with a confusing combination of hyper energy and a dangerous obsession with tv series characters and you've most probably met my clone.
Trademark Assignment Agreement
A Summary of the Patent Amended Rules, 2020
Forms of Intellectual Properties


I'm Ross Koote and have over 30 years experience in the building industry and have completed a Bachelor of Building Degree at the University of Technology, Sydney where I Majored in Project Management. We are a family business that have been building locally in the Batemans Bay area for over 15 years. Bayview Homes is a totally independent building business who offer a complete range of modern home designs. Being independent we don't have external costs and franchise fees so we can offer you the best price for your new home. With our buying power through local and interstate suppliers you can be assured of a quality master built home backed by our team of local tradesman.
I have always based my business on people and making their experience of building enjoyable and fulfilling. I am personally available throughout the whole building process and handing over the keys on completion. I enjoy seeing the excitement of moving into your new home and it is what makes me a proud builder.
House and Land packages are also available throughout the Eurobodalla Shire. If you decide on one of our plans or choose a complete custom design, all our contracts are "Fixed Price" so you are assured that your house will be delivered on time and on budget.
So feel free to call into our centrally located display office on Perry Street in the Village Shopping Centre between 10am - 3pm weekdays, otherwise please call to make an appointment, I am more than happy to meet you anytime 7 days a week at your convenience.


text:
Lively and in-depth discussions of city news, politics, science, entertainment, the arts, and more.
Hosted by Larry Mantle
Airs Weekdays 10 a.m.-12 p.m.
What will come of LA's $30M proposal for big cat bridge?
Recently on AirTalk®
Kill Or No Kill? What Is The Best Way To Deal With SoCal's Rising Coyote Population
Fire, Attack At Influential Kyoto Animation
Foreign Homebuyers Down, Hispanic Homeownership Up, Black Homeownership Down
About AirTalk®
Join KPCC's AirTalk with host Larry Mantle weekdays for lively and in-depth discussions of city news, politics, science, the arts, entertainment, and more. Call-in number: 866-893-5722
A hidden camera records Hollywood's most reclusive star—this male cougar first seen in Griffith Park in Los Angeles almost two years ago. A radio collar tracks his moves, but residents see scant sign of him.
Steve Winter/National Geographic
Jed Kim | AirTalk® | September 3, 2015
Listen to story
Download this story 8.0MB
The Santa Monica Mountains are a rare juxtaposition of nature and urban development — a place where millions of humans can walk the same paths used by wild animals such as mountain lions.
That coexistence has not been balanced, however, and resident wildlife populations have become increasingly genetically isolated — cut off from access to other wild lands by highways and housing. Inbreeding is widespread within the population of Santa Monica Mountain cougars, which are now among the most genetically isolated in the country.
Conservationists have long called for a safe passageway for animals to cross into and out of the mountain range. Several attempts have been made to plan a tunnel under the 101 Freeway. All have failed.
Now, an even more grand-scale idea for a crossing has captured public and political support and has made it the furthest of any proposed project yet. Project leaders on Thursday released initial plans and cost estimates for a 165-foot wide and 200-foot long overpass that would cross the 10 lanes of the 101 Freeway at Liberty Canyon in Agoura Hills.
READ STORY HERE
Seth Riley, Wildlife Ecologist, National Park Service and Adjunct Associate Professor, University of California, Los Angeles Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area
Lauren Wonder, Chief of Media Relations & Public Affairs at Caltrans District 7
Robert Rock, Senior Associate, Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates, Inc., a landscape architecture firm based in New York. The firm is working with several different agencies in Canada and the U.S. on similar wildlife crossings
Community widely supports plan for $55 million wildlife bridge
Surprise Santa Monica Mountains lion kitten turns up
Los Angeles considers raising cat limit from 3 to 5
Mountain lion's death renews calls for wildlife crossings
Male mountain lion found in Verdugo Mountains
More from this episode: Off-Ramp® FOR September 12, 2015
George Takei sings as 'Allegiance' comes to Broadway - Off-Ramp 9/12/2015
Downtown's Bar 107 defies landlord, refuses to leave
George Takei on how he took his internment camp musical, 'Allegiance,' to Broadway
See dinosaur bones found by kids at Alf Museum in Claremont
Immigration, refugees, politics, and betrayal — it's Greek drama at the Getty Villa
Surkus: The app that pays people to party
Rob Cohen's new doc 'Being Canadian' tries to explain our neighbors to the north
4 ways you can help the dwindling monarch butterfly
Suzanne Lummis, LA's ambassador of poetry, on LA poets and what makes a bad poem bad
Songwriter and producer Dam Funk: 'I stayed with the funk,' straight through his new album
How gay rights got its start in science fiction
Song of the Week: 'Girl' by the Internet
Heino impersonator Marc Hickox highlights our SoCal Oktoberfest roundup
Enjoy AirTalk®? Try KPCC's other programs.
See all of our programs
With Larry Mantle
Weekdays 10 a.m.-12 p.m.
Latest Jul.18
Putting The 'I' In AI: Elon Musk's Neuralink Announces Plan To Hook Up Brains To Machines
Friday 11 a.m. - noon
Reviews of the week's new movies, interviews with filmmakers, and discussion.
FilmWeek: 'Stuber,' 'Crawl,' 'The Farewell,' and Comedians Who've Shed Their Funny Personas For Dramatic Roles
With A Martínez
Weekdays 2 to 3 p.m.
News and culture through the lens of Southern California.
LA River Plans, Apollo's History In Downey, Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner Serenader
With John Horn
Weekdays at 3:30 p.m.
Movies, music, TV, arts and entertainment, straight from Southern California.
A Border Crossing Results In More Than 'Culture Shock'