TORONTO — The Canada Pension Plan Investment Board is growing its German real estate platform by investing 394 million euros (C$542 million) for a 46.1 per cent interest in German shopping centre operator mfi AG.
The CPPIB, the investment arm of the Canada Pension Plan, said that under its deal with joint venture partner Unibail-Rodamco, it will also invest an additional 366 million euros (C$503 million) in support of mfi's financing strategies.
Unibail-Rodamco, the second-largest retail real estate investment trust in the world and the largest in Europe, is already a joint venture partner of the CPPIB through the CentrO Shopping Centre in Germany.
"This agreement allows CPPIB to build on our existing relationship with Unibail-Rodamco," Andrea Orlandi, CPPIB managing director and head of Real Estate Investments Europe, said in a statement announcing the deal.
The transaction, subject to regulatory approval and other customary closing conditions, is expected to close in the third quarter.
The CPPIB is a professional investment management organization that invests the funds not needed by the Canada Pension Plan to pay current benefits on behalf of 18 million contributors and beneficiaries. At the end of 2014, the CPP Fund totalled $238.8 billion, of which $26.3 billion represented real estate investments.


1. Tell us a little bit about yourself and what brought you to Ludlow?
I started singing in Church choirs from the age of 7 and then it was a natural progression to take up the organ. I am from Bristol originally and met my husband 21 years ago, he's the organist for Hereford Cathedral. He was appointed 20 years ago so we moved here to the Welsh Marches and then eventually the job came up at Ludlow and it was too irresistible. I am the 52nd organist since 1492! I have been here nearly 12 years now.
I tend to have a creative streak and I come from a family who have always been entrepreneurial. I enjoy cooking and 10 months ago I had the idea I would try and work out how to make gin. I wanted to make it properly from scratch with no artificial colours and preservatives and link it in with where I am working in Ludlow.
3. Can you build a picture of how your passions of music, drink and conservation tie together?
I also come from a family of stonemasons and I was offered a job in an architect's practice and so I retrained. I have had a love of historic buildings since I was a little boy, I guess because I sang in churches and so I have always enjoyed church architectural work. When I came to Ludlow in 2007, it was a natural progression to look after the building here as well.
That's a difficult one! There's a wonderful thing about music, it's very different from art because it's only there for a brief second and you can't touch it and it's only experienced by individuals. But the one thing I love is the legacy we leave to children and young people who work with us in the choir here. Only this week, I have been in touch with three ex-choristers, one has just started at Oxford, one has gone into the army, they send me text messages, 'this is what I'm doing' or 'this is a problem I have at the moment, what do you think?' and that's great. People had an influence on me 30 years ago and it's nice to know that I can now do the same.
The whole thing about working in a place like this is community. It's not about whether you believe or have a faith it's about bringing people together and having a sense of community.
5. Tell us something nobody knows about music in Ludlow and Ludlow's architectural history?
Ludlow allegedly has the most historic buildings per square foot, it has over 500 listed buildings! I find it very strange that Ludlow is not a World Heritage Listed site. If we were in Italy and we had so many buildings, there would be a real sense of pride. For some reason it's just not recognised here. We are sat in the most incredible building here. I can see, from where I am sitting, one of England's largest collections of late Medieval glass and yet, most people in Ludlow have no recognition of that. The five wooden screens behind us all survived the Reformation and the Civil War. Most cathedrals and churches of this size don't have these sort of artefacts. I think it's fascinating, this fortified town on a hill top and in many ways that's why it's survived because it's unknown.
Musically, the choir of St Laurence's is linked to this because once the building was complete in 1492, the choir and an organist were founded and paid for by the Palmers' Guild. There is an historic collection of music which now sit in the Shrewsbury archives and scholars still read them. We get students who go off to Oxford and Cambridge and half way through their first term they write to me and say, 'we're talking about the Ludlow manuscripts'!
6. What is your favourite haunt in Ludlow and why?
I think it depends on what time of the day and what drink I'm consuming! I am a keen supporter of the independent shops in Ludlow. I love having my tea and cake in Carvells, I love having my coffee and gluten-free brownies from Harp Lane Deli but most people will see me eating supper or having a drink at The Church Inn. I think the Church Inn has a really great atmosphere. The food is excellent.
7. What is your favourite getaway within reasonable distance of Ludlow?
We have lots of little places we tend to escape to. Skenfrith is one which is just south of Hereford. The Bell at Skenfrith is a great place to go to for a meal or a night over. Last week, we went to The Ebrington Arms which is just past Chipping Camden about an hour and a quarter away. The Cotswolds seem so far away, they're not really. Sometimes we like to stay local and go to Fishmore Hall for Sunday lunch.
We are promoting The Ale Wife's Beer Fest. A number of my colleagues across the country are promoting beer festivals in churches. There are huge versions in Hull and Grantham. So we've got big plans for St. Laurence's. Next year the pews will come out of the nave and be replaced by chairs which makes this the biggest space in Ludlow for people to use. Very dramatic, returning back to its Medieval sense. It's a big, new activity for us.


Many marketers will have you believe that the only types of videos you should post on social media are those that are professionally made and super sleek; which means they will have to spend a ton of time and money creating these videos. This is simply not the case.
The bottom line is that videos are becoming more and more an effective platform to reach your social fans and followers. On Facebook, for example, videos have more weight in the search algorithm than any other type of content.
It's no coincidence that videos are the top-ranking posts on Facebook. Post a video and you have a much better chance of them reaching your intended audience.
Ever notice when your friend, or a business you like, goes live? Facebook makes sure you do! You get a notification that the user or business is live.
Our next blog post will be devoted to LIVE videos, in which we will tell you about ideas for your LIVE presentations and share the best practices.
What types of videos should you post?
People respond best to personal, relatable videos. There are a lot of options available, in terms of actual content. If you think that without a real product you can not record a valuable video, you're mistaken. We've analyzed successful pages of Small Businesses (both product & services) and saved some great examples of different types of videos that you can start creating as quickly as today!
It's not hard to take a short video of your awesome product. Trilogy spent a little budget for this simple product video.
TIP: Try Stop Motion video (the new video trend) – surprise and engage!
By showcasing your products and showing your fans and followers what your company has to offer, you increase the chance of conversions – including sales. When they see it, there are more chances for them to want to buy it.
What better way to get people to come see you than to show them what they're missing? You can also show how the products are created in your location, showcase your services etc. Melba, the coffee house is all about coffee making. Watching this "coffee" video will intrigue the follower to want to come for themselves and taste this artsy cup of coffee!
You know your product/service best and know how to use it effectively (e.g. if you are a restaurant – post easy recipes, a beauty salon may reveal secrets for 15min active face masks, a clothing store – ready-to-go looks etc). Kikki.K a stationery shop, recorded a video tutorial explaining how to wrap gifts.
TIP: think of unusual ways to use your products. Create your own hacks and share them with your followers.
Going behind-the-scenes is not something new. We know now to engage with our customers, it's more than just showcasing your product/service. It's also about making it personal by rolling the camera on your staff. Odettes is a restaurant who understands the value of their clients by posting both videos and photos of their food and interior. If your brand is about people and connecting with them – start creating videos with your team and by your team. Show how eager they are when working all together – your followers will appreciate their hard work and camaraderie!
TIP: Try Boomerang videos to create short and catchy video content (see Instagram camera settings).
Video posts that let your audience get closer to you and your business is more valuable than you could possibly imagine.
Eliminate background noise as much as possible – a microphone might come in handy. The Audio matters as much as the Video.
Get Close to Your Subject. Mind the messy background. Choose the background that will fulfill the video image not distract attention.
Follow these easy guidelines; add video into your content plan, and in return you get engagement and conversion on your social media efforts. With hardly any time or effort, you can really boost your social media game. Give it a try!
Digital marketer and content creator with love to technology, self-education and new opportunities. Biblio and linguaphile.


Recommender systems represent an important tool for news distribution on the Internet. In this work we modify a recently proposed social recommendation model in order to deal with no explicit ratings of users on news. The model consists of a network of users which continually adapts in order to achieve an efficient news traffic. To optimize the network's topology we propose different stochastic algorithms that are scalable with respect to the network's size. Agent-based simulations reveal the features and the performance of these algorithms. To overcome the resultant drawbacks of each method we introduce two improved algorithms and show that they can optimize the network's topology almost as fast and effectively as other not-scalable methods that make use of much more information.


text:
Ancient Cave Paintings Show Unexplained Knowledge Of Solar System
Ancient Cave Paintings – Innovative Awareness of Astronomy
Some old cave paintings have been discovered which reveals how the ancient people had innovative awareness of astronomy. A group of scientists have located a series of Ancient cave paintings and drawings strategically left in the open in the caves. This could be kept by the primeval team of Native American settlers which portray their solar understanding of their world in which they lived.
An archaeologist at the University of Tennessee, Jab Simek commented, `the subject matter of this artwork, what they were drawing pictures of, we knew all along was mythological, cosmological. They draw pictures of bird men that are important characters in their origin stories and in their hero legends, and so we knew it was a religious thing and because of that, we knew that it potentially referred to this multi-tiered universe that was the foundation of their cosmology'.
Initial Depiction – Ancient cave paintings are 6000 Years
Art from around 44 open areas together with 50 cave sites were examined by Simek and his researchers. The initial depiction of this type of solar stratification dates back to about 6000 years back though most of the art seems latest dating around the 11th to the 17th centuries.
It was also observed by the scientists that some types of depictions together with the Ancient cave paintings seemed to be in particular locations of the plateau. Open areas for instance, in high altitudes, which were touched by the sun, featured `upper world' artistic version. This comprised of portrayals of heavenly bodies, weather forces and characters which tend to exert influence on humans.
Star Constellation in Sky
Drawings and Ancient cave paintings of `lower world', were the dark areas such as caves which had been concealed from the sun. Generally this kind of layer is related to danger, darkness and death.
The `middle world' on the other hand is characteristic of the realism surrounding prehistoric human on regular base. The Ancient cave paintings were discovered in open air setting as well as the caves, though they were traced in the midst of raised up areas of the plateau. Simek had mentioned in a statement that this layered universe had been a platform for various actors which comprised of heroes, creatures and monsters which could get across the levels.
As per the analysis, it submits that the artworks located at the site throughout Europe, the Ancient cave paintings are not just drawings of wild animals which were earlier presumed. On the contrary the animal character portrays star constellations in the sky at night. These are utilised to represent dates and mark events like the comet strikes.
Refined knowledge of Stars
They have arrived at an understanding that probably 40,000 years ago, the ancient people had refined knowledge of the stars and kept note of the time utilising knowledge based on the position of the stars and its gradual changes in the night sky, over thousands of years.
Simek mentioned that though the Ancient cave paintings of several of the actors had been located in low, high and middle elevations, the colour correlated the overall cosmological structure of the universe.
The character carved in red, were the colour of life. These were located in higher locations while black had been utilised to draw figures found in the lower world. Simek informed LiveScience that `the main thing noticed in all this is the images of human which is known as anthropomorphs.
All of them are not humans and some of them are mythological people or those who tend to blend the characteristics of animal and humans'
Astronomical Calendars Monitoring Equinoxes
The Ancient cave paintings of the universe could also be helpful in getting some insight on the modern world.
Simek informed that `it is very common human conception that there are different levels of beings and different levels of cognition and different levels of connectivity with the human condition'. He was of the opinion that all people at one level or the other tend to do that.
One of the oldest obsessions of humans is astronomy which dates back to ancient times. Prior to the Scientific Revolution teaching that the Sun is the centre of the Solar System and the modern astronomy disclosed the fact of our galaxy and the Universe, the people of the ancient times observed the night sky and the patterns of the stars.
The scholars for some time were of the belief that comprehending the difficult astronomical phenomena such as the precession of the equinoxes did not precede the ancient Greeks.In their recent discovery, researchers from the Universities of Edinburgh and Kent portrayed how Ancient cave paintings which date back to 40,000 years could in fact be astronomical calendars monitoring the equinoxes and keeping track of main happenings.
Main Astronomical Occasions Detailed in the Ancient cave paintings
Decoding European Palaeolithic Art- Extremely Ancient knowledge of Precession of the Equinoxes, the study made by the team had appeared in the Athens Journal of History. The study team comprised of Martin B, Sweatman – an associate professor at the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering, together with Alistair Coombs, researcher and PhD at the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Kent.
Sweatman and Coombs had assessed the details of the Paleolithic and Neolithic artof animal symbols at sites in Turkey, France, Spain and Germany. The same system of date-keeping was discovered at these sites though it had been formed by the ancient people living thousands of kilometres and years apart.
As per the study of the team the Ancient cave paintings had not only depicted wild animals as presumed earlier but represented star constellation in the night sky. These carvings had probably been utilised to present dates and mark main astronomical occasions. It was eventually concluded that the ancient people kept track of time by observing the precession of the equinoxes.
This is related to the occurrences where the constellations seem to move in cycle in the sky spanning a period of around 25,920 years. This is the outcome of the axial precession, a slow though continuous change in the orientation of rotational axis of the astronomical body.
To an observer, the equinoxes would seem to shift westward towards the ecliptic comparatively to the background stars and in the reverse track of the Sun.
Labels: Cave Paintings
Hypogeum Hal Saflieni: The Incredible Sound Effects of Malta's Hypogeum Hal Saflieni
Hypogeum Hal Saflieni – An Extraordinary Architecture
Hypogeum Hal Saflieni, in Malta, is said to be one of those typical specimens of an extraordinary architecture among the various other ancient architectures such as the Stonehenge, Great Pyramid of Giza and many others. The construction of this temple is considered to be a colossal task by the present age.
These have perplexed the modern man.HypogeumHal Saflieni has been considered enigmatic in its location together with its era which is another astounding element. Regarding its era, the temple is ancient and according to the professional archaeologists, it can be traced to almost 5,000 years back. This could probably be during the Bronze Age.
The surprising fact is that it is a subterranean temple which means that it is an underground temple. The temple is frequently labeled as a maze. Hypogeum Hal Saflieni has been considered as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. As per the researchers, it is said to be the oldest prehistory subterranean temple identified so far. The temple is said to be mysterious in several ways and has been screened with uncanny activities.
Treasure Trove of Elongated Skulls
Hypogeum Hal Saflieni had also drawn numerous mystic investigators over a period of time. Besides this, the temple has given rise to be a treasure trove of elongated skulls probably from some unknown race which is identical to those of humans.
The most amazing and enigmatic thing regarding the temple is its implausible sound effect. Numerous experts have been drawn all across the globe due to the acoustic effects of the temple. Detailed studies have been conducted on the sound effects all over the temple to attain some insight into its mechanism, the purpose of its existence and the sound amplification properties. Hypogeum Hal Saflieniis said to have three layers where the vital rooms are oval in shape.
Smaller rooms are also placed across the three layers of the temple. The rooms can be accessed through the various doors and corridors. The vital rooms differ somewhat from the smaller ones constructed. Besides this, the vital rooms seem to have arched vaulting and also tend to have fabricated inlets together with elaborate construction. These fabricated inlets have been designed in a manner in which we find the present-day constructions of doors and windows which are built above the ground.
The Oracle Chamber in Hypogeum Hal Saflieni
One of the compartments in the Hypogeum Hal Saflieni has been engraved out of solid limestone and that room is called the Oracle Chamber. It is from this amazing chamber which gives the sound amazing effects to its incredible construction.
According to the researchers, the temple had been the reserve of species and probably an oracle had been utilized to live there. As per William Arthur Griffiths, the author of `Malta and its Recently Discovered Prehistoric Temples', whenever a word was enunciated while in the Oracle Chamber, the sound was magnified a hundredfold and the same was heard all through the temple.
He commented that this effect would have been great when the oracle was voiced while in the chamber and his voice resonating and echoing throughout the entire maze-like thunder. This could be very enigmatic, petrifying as well as inspiring in the temple. The experience of the sound emanating from the layers of the temple could be mind-blowing. One would be shaken when they would hear the sound and feel the vibrations in the tissues and the bones.
Sound Frequency – 110 Hz
Sound effect within the Hypogeum Hal Saflieni had been investigated by numerous researchers. Ruben Zahra along with his team from Italy, together with a composer from Malta had examined the sound properties of the subterranean temple, minutely. They eventually arrived at the conclusion that the sound resonated throughout the Oracle Chamber at a frequency of 110 Hz.
Frequency of this sound is said to be identical or close to the frequencies found in several ancient chambers all across the globe. One such example is Ireland's Newgrange. According to Dr. Robert Jahn of Princeton University, it is the possibility of stone quality utilized in the structure of the chamber together with the magnitudes of the chamber. This tends to controls the pitch of the echo which is received.
Hypogeum Hal Saflieni- Intensify Mystic Effect of Rituals
Many have been perplexed on the purpose of the acoustic properties on this underground structure in Malta. Queries have not been fulfilled but there seems to be some assumptions on the same. A particular one has been put forth by Niccolo Bisconti from the University of Siena while another by Paola Debertolis from the University of Triests.
As per both of them the properties of the acoustic of Hypogeum Hal Saflieni was intended to impact the psyche of the people listening to the oracle. Moreover it was also to intensify the mystic effects of the rituals conducted in the chamber.
This has been considered as the most accepted theories since it has been provided with scientific support. Dr. Ian Cook together with his colleagues had conducted an experiment in 2008. Test subject had been shown to numerous resonance frequencies during the experiment.
Impact the Thinking of People
Their brain functions were analyzed utilizing EEG. It was observed that when the test subjects had been exposed to the resonance frequency of 110 Hz during the experiment, an abrupt shift was noticed in the activity patterns on the prefrontal cortex of their brains.
This gave rise to deactivation of language center in the test subjects with a momentary swing to right-sided control over the left-sided control, during emotional processing. This effect was not present in the other frequencies.
The reverberation frequency of 110 Hz as per the bio-behavioral scientists tends to shift on a certain part of the brain related to social behavior, understanding, and frame of mind. With regard to the Hypogeum Hal Saflieni, it is not certain that this information was available or not. It is uncertain whether the 110 Hz reverberation frequency of the Oracle Chamber had a purpose with the scientific structure or was it just a coincidence. However, one thing was certain that if there had been religious chanting, the resonances were intended to impact the thinking of the people.
Labels: ancient history, History mystery, Hypogeum Hal Saflieni
Oldest Map of the Underworld Discovered
Engravings – Oldest map
Engravings related to ancient Egyptian coffin has been discovered in a burial channel in the necropolis of Dayr al-Barsha. This amazing artwork discovered had been identified as the oldest copy of a map for the soul to gain eternal life. The burial channel comprises of a coffin which had been discovered in 2012.
It has now been discovered to be in existence about 4000 years back. This Oldest map had been discovered by a professor in the Department of Archaeology at KU Leuven together with the director of the archaeological project in Middle Egypt, Harco Williams. The Book of Two Ways' was considered to assist the dead in navigating through the scene of blazing lakes and knife manipulating demons to make it to `Rostau' or the kingdom of Osiris.
The people were of the belief that if one lay on the body of Osiris, they would not die. The oldest map has now been resolved that the engravings discovered on the side of the coffin are considered to be one of the oldest found by man.
Djehutinakht I – `Overlord to the Hare Nome'
As per the reports of Ancient Origins, earlier to this discovery, the people were of the opinion that the coffin had been home to Djehutinakht I. He was an ancient ruler governing the region between the 21st and 20th century BC and an ancient Egyptian `Overlord to the Hare nome'. He had been mentioned in the inscriptions.
However, as per the latest study, it has been suggested that the coffin had been occupied by the body of an exclusive female known as Ankh. The map for the dead has been imprinted in two panels made of wood. Though varieties have been discovered on various other coffins this is considered to be the oldest in antiquity. The inscription discovered on the wooden panels is said to be a mixture of hieroglyphs together with symbols that the Ancient Egyptians are familiar with `The Book of Two Ways'.
It portrays two winding lines with instructions of two routes leading the dead to the Ancient Egyptian god of the dead, in the afterlife. Besides this, spells are also mentioned in the text to assist the dead in warding off evil during the path to their destination.
According to Dr. Foy Scalf of the University of Chicago as informed to The Times, he states that in several manners, the Book of Two Ways could be described as the first illustrated book in ancient times. He further added that it offered the first illustrated guide to sacred geography.
Few Artefacts
Copies of the archaic text, inscribed for Middle Kingdom officials together with their subordinates, had also been discovered on papyri, mummy masks on tomb walls as well as in other coffins. .In some news, it had been disclosed that the grave raiders had looted £700,000 of gold from the tomb of Pharaoh and were speared as punishment.
It is one of the few artifacts located in the tomb where several grave raiders had ransacked the grave numerous times during their visits ages ago. This antique book is said to be a fragment of a bigger work considered as the coffin texts.
This comprises of 1,185 spells, together with incantations and religious inscriptions pertaining to the afterlife. This is also said to be a fragment of `The Book of the Dead'. `The Book of the Dead' considered to be an Egyptian manuscript, is around 20 meters in length. It has magical spells that are inscribed on papyrus.
These have been specially made by the members of the families on the death of their loved one. The intention was to guide them during their journey to their final destination after death to the next world.
No Record/History
The opening of the tomb had given rise to fears of the Ancient Egyptian 'Curse of the Pharaohs'. The apparent spell considered by some was said to be cast on any person who would disturb the mummy of the Ancient Egyptian beings.
Scientists hope to use the discovery to uncover more of the text's secrets. Not much is related about the Book of Two Ways and its origin. There is no record of when and who had written the same and its details are limited. Scholars and archaeologists have still not been capable of explaining when the engravings could have been written.
Moreover, there is also a risk of making cultural assumptions with regards to the ancient ideas with the prevailing mind-set of the 21st century. The Book of Two Ways, irrespective of its interpretation, is considered to be conveying a message of how death and the life after that seem to play an important role in the cultural mind of a human being. However researchers have some hope of coming across related samples in the near future. They are hoping to utilize the findings to reveal more secrets of the texts they have excavated.
Labels: history, History mystery, Oldest Map
Gundestrup cauldron: Is It a Celtic Artefact or Indian?
Gundestrup Cauldron – Popular Silver Bowl
A popular silver bowl located over hundred years back in a turf swamp in Jutland in Denmark is the Gundestrup Cauldron. It was discovered by peat cutters in a peat bog known as Raevemose. At that point of time, the Danish government offered a reward to the discoverers who consequently fought among themselves over its separation.
Investigations by Palaeobotanical on the peat bog during the time it was located indicated that when the cauldron had been deposited, the land seemed dry and the turf had gradually expanded over it. The mode of heaping over the cauldron indicated an attempt of making it unobtrusive and concealed. Another investigation was conducted in 2002 of Reavemose, and it was assumed that the peat bog could have prevailed when the cauldron had been submerged.
Decorated with Repousse Work
The Gundestrup cauldron comprises of a round-shaped bottom cup, making the lower area of the cauldron known as the base plate. There are five interior plates above and another seven exterior plates. The eighth exterior plate is missing, which needs to encircle the cauldron. There are only two segments of the round rim towards the top of the cauldron.
Apart from the decorated round medallion towards the centre of the interior area, the plate at the base is said to be smooth and not decorated internally and externally. However, the other plates seem to be decorated greatly with repousse work beaten from beneath to move out the silver. Other procedures had been utilised to add more aspect bringing out wide trimming together with some use of decorated pieces of glass for the figures. Overall the weight of the Gundestrup cauldron is just below 9 kilograms.
Gundestrup: Largest Specimen of European Iron Age
Its exteriors have been richly decorated with various scenes of war and sacrifice, a goddess flanked by elephants such as Gajalakshmi, deities wrestling beasts and a mediating figure with stag's antlers. The Gundestrup cauldron dates back to the middle of the 2nd century BC.
Taking the elephants into consideration, the iconography should be Indic while the yogic figure in cross-legged Indian pose appears to be Pasupati (Siva). The Gundestrup cauldron is said to be one of the largest specimens of silver of European Iron Age. Its diameter was 69 cm and a height of 42 cm. When the site was excavated, the Gundestrup cauldron was located in a dismantled state together with various other pieces piled beneath the base in a marshland.
Elements of Gaulish & Thracian Origin
Though the Gundestrug cauldron was traced in Denmark, it could not have been produced there. Elements of Gaulish and Thracian origin signs have been seen in the workmanship, metallurgy and images. Procedures and basics of the style of the panel are connected with the Thracian silver, and most of the description of the human figure is linked to the Celts.
However several attempts to connect the scene with that to the Celtic mythology seem to be questioned. Another characteristic of the iconography has originated from the Near East. Hospitability probably was the responsibility of the Celtic leaders. Though the cauldron seems to be an important item of prestige metalwork, they are generally smaller and plain.
Gundestrup: Variation of Female-Male depiction
The Gundestrug cauldron had been traced in parts, and the same had to be reassembled. Sophus Muller determined the traditional order of the plated and was the first to analyse the cauldron. He utilises his reasoning on the positions of the trace solder placed towards the rim of the bowl.
A puncture sign in two cases tends to penetrate the interior and exterior plated supporting in creating the order. In its concluding stage, the plates are placed in a variation of female-male depiction and presuming that the missing plate could be of a female. However, not all the analysts are in agreement with Muller's comparison.
According to Timothy Taylor, the art historian, he stated that besides the two cases of puncturing, the comparison cannot be determined from the point of view of the solder alignment. He debates that the plates do not seem to be directly adjacent to each other. They tend to be divided by a 2 cm distance. Hence the plate in this order is not to be read with conviction as the true narrative, should one exist.
Carved By Indian Craftsmen
As per some of the historians, the Gundestrup cauldron had been carved by craftsmen of Indian origin in Thrace. The National Museum of Denmark has raised this question, 'The Gundestrup cauldron's motifs draw the observer into an alien universe far from that of the people who deposited in the bog in north Jutland.
Elephants, lions and several unknown gods, represented in a different style, indicate that the cauldron originally came from a distant area to the south or southeast. Exactly where it was made is still open to question. Perhaps it was a gift to a great chieftain or could it have been war booty?' Taylor mentioned in the Scientific American that `a shared pictorial and technical tradition stretched from India to Thrace where the cauldron was made and then to Denmark.
For instance, yogic rituals are inferred from the poses seen of the antler-bearing man on the cauldron and of an ox-headed figure on a seal impress from the city of Mohenjo-Daro. The other three connections are the ritual baths of goddesses with the elephants, Lakshmi is the Indian goddess, Visnu, wheel gods and Hariti, the goddesses with braided hair and paired birds.
Theory of Thracian Origin
The bowl has several features which seem to have some similarity with the ornamental plate from the Thracian grave at Stara Zagora in Bulgaria. Therefore its theory is of Thracian origin. From the observation of the clothing of the figures, it seems to be Indian, considering the woven herringbone tight costumes together with the cummerbund which both the men as well as the women seem to attire themselves with.
It has been presumed that the Gundestrup cauldron had been the work of several silversmiths. With the use of scanning electron microscopy, it has been identified by Benner Larson that 15 various punches had been utilised on the plates. These were categorised into three various toolsets. No single plate had marks of more than one of these sets which portray that at least three diverse silversmiths had worked on it.
Labels: ancient history, Gundestrup Cauldron, History mystery
Pashupati Seal- Horned Gods
Pashupati Seal – Horned Headdress
The finding of the ancient Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro sites has provided a different outlook on the ancient history of this town. The well planned urban spaces together with the town plans, are said to be amazing. Observing the relics discovered at the site has provided important perceptions on the culture of the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC). One of great importance is the `Pashupati Seal'. This well-known seal is said to be the carving of a man having horned headdress.
He has been a subject of celebrated conjecture. Many have been speculating on whether he was a man in a horned headdress or a horned god of devotion. Was this idol a predecessor to the Hindu Shiva? Nonetheless, the Pashupati Seal is not considered to be completely unique. Identical icons have been traced to several cultures of the world.
Seals – Trade Mechanisms
The seal has been engraved on a chip of steatite which is a soft stone, resistant to decay and soft for carving. With the discovery of the significant number of the seals, it has led. Some of the scholar with the opinion that seals cutting had been one of the leading industries of Harappan settlements. The work of art of these seals portrays a representation of the religious character and the kind of culture as well as the social life of the people of that age.
The pictographic inscription seen on the Pashupati seal is of great importance since they give some insight into the language used by the people of that age. It could probably be that seals were utilised as a part of trade mechanisms. Indication of religious belief and practices of the people is also gathered from these seals.
Ancient Depictions
The Pashupati Seal is considered to be one of the ancient depictions of the Hindu god Shiva. Pashupati means `lord of animals, and it is one of the epithets of Shiva or probably Rudra. These are connected with asceticism, yoga and linga and regarded as the lord of animals. The seal had been discovered in 1928-29, Block 1, Southern area of the DK-G vicinity of Mohenjo-Daro.
It had been located at a depth of 3.9 meters beneath the surface. The excavation had been carried out by Ernest J. H. Mackay at Mohenjo-Daro. He had dated the seal to the Intermediate 1 Period presently considered to be around 2350-2000 BCE. According to his report of 1937-38, he had numbered the Pashupati Seal as 420, providing it with its alternate name.
Pashupati Seal Initial Report & Analysis
Archaeologist, John Marshall had provided an initial report and analysis of the iconography of the Pashupati Seal. He had served as the Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India and had headed the excavations of the Indus Valley sites. He perceived the central figure as a male deity with three faces and probably a fourth one facing the back. The figure is seen seated in yogic position on a throne with bangles on both arms along with the headdress. Images of five symbols of the Indus script are seen on both the sides of the headdress.
This is made up of two outward extended curved horns of buffalo style together with two upward jutting points. Towards the centre of the headdress, a sole branch having three pipal leaves is seen. Seven bangles on the left arm and six on the right are seen where the hands have been placed on the knees. The heels are positioned together beneath the groin while the feet are seen projecting away from the edge of the throne. Carvings at the feet of the throne are similar to those of the hoof of a bovine, seen on the bull and the unicorn seals. On the back of the seal, a grooved and perforated boss is seen.
Legend & Art – Strength & Beauty
These animals have stirred plenty of legend and art with their strength and beauty. Horns could be connected with power and virility since the finest bulls tend to have the biggest and the most splendid horns. In truth, powdered horns of animals have been prescribed and consumed in some area of Asian societies, illegally.
The Indus Valley unicorn seals may have been examples of the ancient myths with regards to strange and supernatural horned animals. The horned idol on the Pashupati Seal could be interpreted as Bada Dev or Mahadev, the main idol of several tribal societies. It is observed that the meditating yogi is heavily decorated with jewellery and his arms are totally covered with bangles. These were the features which the dokra craft utilised in the tribes of Chhattisgarh.
Pashupati Seal, Utilised as Modern Identity Cards
Several seals have been found from the sites generally made of steatite and some of agate, chert, copper, terracotta and faience. These depicted beautiful images of animals like unicorn bull, tiger, elephant, rhinoceros, bison, buffalo goat and much more. The main intention of the same could be commercial. They were also utilised as amulets worn by the person or probably as modern identity cards. The standard size of the Pashupati Seal was 2 x 2 square inches.
Labels: Pashupati Seal
CustomWritings - term paper service for all students who need custom writing help.
Ancient Cave Paintings Show Unexplained Knowledge ...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Alex Reuben McEwan has pleaded not guilty to murdering South Korean student Eunji Ban.
THREE demons have been tormenting murder accused Alex Reuben McEwan, with one "commanding" him to attack a prosecutor, a jury has been told.
Mr McEwan, 23, has pleaded not guilty to murdering student Eunji Ban, who was violently attacked before her body was dumped in Brisbane's Wickham Park.
Medical experts giving evidence on Wednesday said Mr McEwan, a former Ipswich man, was experiencing hallucinations and hideous nightmares.
Justice Jean Dalton asked Dr Julian Dodemaide if Mr McEwan would better withstand giving evidence if regular breaks were scheduled at the trial.
Dr Dodemaide said stress and anxiety seemed to increase the severity of Mr McEwan's hallucinations, and he would benefit from breaks.
Psychiatrist Dr Donald Grant told the court Mr McEwan was on "maximum doses" of three different anti-psychotic drugs.
The jury heard Mr McEwan had voiced regret about Ms Ban's death, and sorrow for both her family and his own.
Ms Ban, a Korean student aged 22, was killed on her way to work at the Transcontinental Hotel on Sunday, November 24, 2013.
Jurors at Brisbane Supreme Court heard that after his arrest the next day, Mr McEwan told police he stomped on Ms Ban, and complained to police about demons.
"He has a delusion that he was possessed by a demon when this happened but the demon was responsible," Dr Grant said.
The jury heard Mr McEwan had complained of auditory and visual hallucinations, including comments from "derogatory" demons.
Mr McEwan heard "the demons cutting their own throat" and commanding him to self-harm.
One demon had also urged him to attack prosecutor David Meredith, the trial heard.
Dr Grant said Mr McEwan had reported an intrusive demon called Jazzy sometimes being in the same room as him.
The jury heard Mr McEwan had been finding it increasingly difficult to avoid hallucinations.
He also reported having nightmares, including a recurring bad dream which involved him being "dragged through a portal by demons and the devil into hell".
Dr Grant said Mr McEwan had spoken of three demons and displayed symptoms consistent with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
But for some time, Mr McEwan had denied having a mental illness, instead speaking of "a contest between heaven and hell", Dr Grant added.
A few months ago Mr McEwan "was quite deluded" and thought his pills were being poisoned, the psychiatrist added.
But Dr Grant said Mr McEwan was now open to the possibility he was mentally ill.
Defence barrister John Allen asked Dr Grant if he thought Mr McEwan was trying to sabotage the trial.
The psychiatrist replied: "He wants to get this done...I think that's genuine."
The trial continues on Thursday.


Gigs On The Rise, Pay and Conditions At What Price?
The laws of employment have yet to evolve to catch pace with the rise of the gig economy. Sheffield Executive Director Leigh Howard weighs in on the challenges that businesses and policymakers may face and what Malaysia can do to face the disruptions brought forth by technology.
With the explosion of on-demand platforms, gig work - temporary, flexible, freelancing jobs - has emerge as a central theme when it comes to discussions on the future of work.
In Malaysia, while there is no official government or research data conducted on gig workers yet, a 85.7 percent internet penetration suggests that Malaysians are very much technologically enabled that to jump on the gig economy fueled by digital on-demand jobs.
"We are seeing it expanding rapidly," says Leigh Howard, Director of Sheffield Executive, a Kuala Lumpur-based talent solutions and recruitment firm.
There are a multitude of benefits that a gig economy can offer; flexible work arrangements, access to more work and opportunities to pursue one's passion. However, have workers arrangement and benefits been able keep pace with the gig economy?
"On the flipside of the gig economy, these people are not classified as employees and they experience some level of uncertainty. They don't get the security, protection and benefits that employees expect," says Howard.
What it means is that a growing number of people lack health care or retirement plans and other employer-sponsored benefits.
"What we haven't quite seen yet is the wholesale adoption by businesses to have a strategy to engaging gig workers. And that's really where we are - on the cusp of what might emerge in Malaysia as well as other parts of the world," says Howard, who has called Kuala Lumpur home for the last two decades.
As such, conversations on relooking workplace classifications are actively taking place globally with the increase in the number of people providing services on a per-gig basis.
Take ride-hailing company Uber, as example.
In the United States, a district judge ruled in April this year that Uber limousine drivers are independent contractors, not full-time employees. Similarly in Australia, the Fair Work Commission ruled that Uber drivers are not employees.
Whereas, in the United Kingdom, an employment tribunal found that the ride-hailing app's drivers should be classified as workers, rather than self-employed, which entitles them to receive workers' rights such as overtime, holiday pay, compensation fees and the national minimum wage.
Uber is now challenging to overturn the landmark ruling at the England's court of appeal, prompting protests from the country's independent workers union.
"What both groups really want to see is a level of certainty so that they know how to proceed and where they stand, where their rights are. That way, they can at least operate with confidence," says Howard.
Whether drivers for ride-hailing services, or other individuals partaking in gig jobs, are employees or independent contracts is indeed shaping up to be an important issue for labour policymakers and businesses.
In most countries, Malaysia included, the law of employment has yet to evolve to catch pace with the digital economy, where work arrangements differ fundamentally from traditional employee or independent contractor relationships.
One possible middle ground, says Howard, is to establish a third category of worker called dependant contractors, that allows workers to enjoy some benefits and address issues arising from work classifications.
Redefining traditional notions of employment is a necessary process to broadening protection and encourage participants in the digital economy. In Malaysia, Howard views that the government is attuned to the changing employment landscape, not just necessarily the gig economy.
"There are some megatrends that are facing all progressive nations, like gig economy. I wouldn't suggest acting straight away or looking to push reforms through a short time. But in parallel to what's taking place, look at some of the longer term trends that may really change the nature of employment relationship between companies and workers in Malaysia," Howard says.
Commenting on the evolving trends facing Malaysia's workforce, Howard says companies are facing skills shortages.
He observes that Malaysia's educated and multilingual workforce and the ease of doing business have continued to attract interests from foreign firms to set up shop here. Nonetheless, companies need to be assured that they can get the talent they need.
"Having said that, companies do want to know, if there's talent in the country that they can't get to, there is some freedom to complement or supplement that talent and bring in the workers that they might need from elsewhere," says Howard.


text:
Q: Given a PowerShell Disk, how do I know if it's removable or not? Is there any cmdlet way to get if a Disk is fixed or removable given a code like this?
$disk = Get-Disk -Number 1
Get-DiskDriveType $disk

Where Get-DiskDriveType should return either Removable or Fixed.

A:
Inventory Drive Types by Using PowerShell
https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/heyscriptingguy/2014/09/10/inventory-drive-types-by-using-powershell

Two methods:
Get-Volume

DriveLetter FileSystemLabel FileSystem  DriveType  HealthStatus SizeRemaining Size
----------- ----------- ----------  ---------  ---------- ----------       ----

C           SSD         NTFS        Fixed      Healthy      75.38 GB  148.53 GB
E           HybridTe... NTFS        Fixed      Healthy     560.71 GB  931.39 GB
D           FourTB_B... NTFS        Fixed      Healthy        1.5 TB    3.64 TB
F           TwoTB_BU... NTFS        Fixed      Healthy     204.34 GB    1.82 TB
G           USB3        NTFS        Removable  Healthy       6.73 GB   58.89 GB
            Recovery    NTFS        Fixed      Healthy      22.96 MB     300 MB
H                                   CD-ROM     Healthy           0 B        0 B

Or
$hash = @{
    2 = "Removable disk"
    3 = "Fixed local disk"
    4 = "Network disk"
    5 = "Compact disk"
}

Get-CimInstance Win32_LogicalDisk |
Select DeviceID, VolumeName,
@{LABEL='TypeDrive';EXPRESSION={$hash.item([int]$_.DriveType)}}

A:  Get-Volume | Where-Object {$_.DriveType -eq 'removable'} | Get-Partition | Get-Disk | Where-Object {$_.Number -eq $diskNumber}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
| XP
| ME
TERESA | LYNCH
I'm originally from a small town called Guyton that is just northwest of Savannah, Georgia. I don't have much of a Southern accent, but I have definitely been known to drop a "y'all" every now and then.
I earned my BA in music in Savannah at Armstrong Atlantic State University. I started that degree thinking I'd eventually write the musical scores for video games (turns out that's a tough gig to get!). While I was at Armstrong I was an active performer in multiple large and small ensembles as a percussionist and vocalist. I acted on occasion with the university's theatre troup and did some sound work with them, too. I was also on the editorial staff for the university's newspaper.
After finishing my BA, I moved to Bloomington, Indiana. After working professionally as a graphic designer for a couple of years, I decided to pursue a Master's degree in Telecommunications. I continued on to Doctoral studies and completed my Ph.D. in Mass Communications at Indiana University in 2017. I am currently an Assistant Professor of Communication Technology at The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio.
I love to get out and see the world. I've been to England, Ireland, Canada, Italy, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Japan, Poland, France, and all over the United States. My favorite places are those where I can get lost in nature and try to indulge my love of being outdoors as often as possible.
Above: My parents, child, and I hiking at beautiful Hocking Hills State Park in Ohio.
If you follow me on Twitter, you'll see that I often tweet news from Indian country and try to amplify voices from within my own (I'm Mniconjou, Cheyenne River Lakota) and the broader Indigenous community. My research interest involving media and social cognition fuels my desire to educate and inform people about Indigenous news and issues facing this broad community. More than that, however, I am interested in keeping my culture alive and fostering its growth in digital spaces. I think my academic background helps me to do that.
Finally, I am a space enthusiast.
| email
lynch [dot] 659 [at] osu [dot] edu
| phone
| address
3058 Derby Hall, 154 N Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210
| social media
linkedin | twitter
View teresa_lynch's profile on Twitter
View lyncht@indiana.edu's profile on LinkedIn
teresa-lynch.com


My first experience calling a Sedalia Bombers game... where do I start? Let's start with the stadium. Liberty Park/Dey Field is awesome. It has that old historic feel to it. The stands are roofed in, and I have never been to a stadium like this one. As announcers we sit up in front of the fans, and I am convinced the players, coaches, and umpires can hear us so I know to be careful to question anything going on out on the field.
Another thing I love about the atmosphere, also has to do with the league itself, and that's the wooden bats. The sound of the ball coming off the bat at the sweet spot is awesome. Calling the games with Kaleb he mentioned this in the broadcast aluminum bats make everything sound the same pretty much. Wooden bats you can tell the difference from a home run caliber smack, and a slow grounder to the pitcher.
As far as the Bombers go their roster seems set, and ready for a great season. Not just on offense with players like Jonothan Romone who just hit 2 home-runs in their 3rd game of the season. Romone being one of four guys who already have 3 RBIs in just 3 games. The bombers defense is what has me the most excited this season. Jarod Perry out in center-field is someone to watch. Perry made a magnificent diving catch in the home opener back on Saturday May 30th vs the Mudcats of Chillocothe. Perry has wheels he is arguably the fastest guy on the field at any given moment. When talking about Bombers defense you can't fail to mention Trey Hair who was at second-base in the home opener. Hair has amazing range at his position, and even turned an unassisted double play against the Mudcats. Looking at this line up it is scattered with talent, and potential so come out and support the Bombers, and when you can't make it listen in to Kaleb, and myself call the games which stream live over the internet.


Divine Economy Theory Cures The Disease Of Statism.
Whether humankind realizes its potential or not the equilibrium forces are always actively a part of the world that humans dwell in and experience. Those diseases that afflict humankind eventually will be cured – as soon as humankind learns enough about the disease and how to cure it and about the wonders of being freed from the disease. Statism is one such disease.
It seems that most people do not see statism as a disease. They see it as a normal, healthy part of society.
How do we communicate that a world free from monopolistic force is even a possibility?
The ideology of statism is pervasive and pronounced but that cannot alter the fact that humans are subjective and ultimately seek freedom of spirit. That spark is enough to kindle the fire of investigation and once that fire is burning the desire for peace and prosperity and justice and liberty advances. Somewhere along the way it will be discovered that there is no moral authority for statism and that is when the battle is won, there is no chance of a reversal. Knowledge of the truth has reached the point of certitude and all reasoned arguments against statism are sought out.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace MineSweeper
{
    public partial class Form_Rank : Form
    {
        public Form_Rank()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form_Rank_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //Load Data
            int nBeginner = Properties.Settings.Default.Beginner;
            int nIntermediate = Properties.Settings.Default.Intermediate;
            int nExpert = Properties.Settings.Default.Expert;

            //Show Data
            Label_Beginner.Text = String.Format("Beginner:         {0}", nBeginner);
            Label_Intermediate.Text = String.Format("Intermediate:     {0}", nIntermediate);
            Label_Expert.Text = String.Format("Expert:           {0}", nExpert);
        }

        private void Button_OK_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.Close(); //Exit the current window
        }

        private void Button_Reset_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Properties.Settings.Default.Beginner = 999;
            Properties.Settings.Default.Intermediate = 999;
            Properties.Settings.Default.Expert = 999;
            Properties.Settings.Default.Save(); //Save the changes
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Purchasing an insulator product from Orient is only the beginning. At Orient Power China, we deliver additional value through on-going customer support. Our knowledgeable team and massive network allows us to respond to emergencies and meet needs across the globe at a moment's notice. Contact us today to learn more.


text:
This is a base64 encoding/decoding library.

## Install

```sh
$ npm install binary-base64 --save
```

## Usage

```javascript
import base64 from 'binary-base64';

async function getDataUri(uri) {
  const response = await fetch(uri);
  const buffer = new Uint8Array(await response.arrayBuffer());
  const type = response.headers.get('content-type');
  return `data:${type};base64,${base64.encode(buffer)}`;
}

const getBlobFromDataUri = (uri) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
  const [, type, base64EncodedString] = uri.match('data:([^;]+);base64,(.+)') || [];
  if (typeof type === 'undefined' && typeof base64EncodedString === 'undefined') {
    return reject(new TypeError('Invalid data URI.'));
  }
  return resolve(new Blob([base64.decode(base64EncodedString)], { type }));
});

async function main() {
  const dataUri = await getDataUri('https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/b9025074d487cd0328f1dc816e5ac50a.jpg');
  console.log(dataUri);
  const blob = await getBlobFromDataUri(dataUri);
  console.log(URL.createObjectURL(blob));
}

main().catch(error => console.error(error));
```

[example](./example/)

### License

[MIT](./LICENSE)


All runs start at 7.30pm on Wednesdays, except where shown.
Bring a torch or headlamp when it's dark. Click on OS ref for map.
For your at-a-glance, printable, guide to four local hashes, go HERE.
1516 24/07/19 See Sir Spiderman to set this hash.
1517 31/07/19 See Sir Spiderman to set this hash.


text:
Oliver Gal Collection Elevates Wall Art to a New Level of Exclusivity
The Oliver Gal Artist Co. and Z Gallerie recently celebrated their new collaboration with the launch of Destination Disco, an exclusive new collection that takes wall art to a new level of luxury using premium materials and embellished finishes.The trendsetting home furnishings retailer introduced the unique collection on Dec. 13th at its Boca Raton store.
"Disco is all about inclusion. No matter who you are or where you're from, you can come together and have a good time," Lola Sanchez said. "This collection showcases the power of possibility when two unique brands support and trust one another."
FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla. (PRWEB) December 22, 2022
Oliver Gal Artist Co., in collaboration with Z Gallerie, recently launched its exclusive Destination Disco collection during a special event at Z Gallerie's Mizner Park location in Boca Raton, FL. The unique collection takes wall art to a new level of luxury using proprietary techniques, premium materials and embellished finishes.
The Destination Disco line debuted online and in premier locations from Atlanta to Southern California following soon after.
During the event, artist and Creative Director at Oliver Gal Artist Co. Lola Sanchez signed pieces and led live art demonstrations. The brand introduced and immersed customers, attendees and Oliver Gal fans to Destination Disco's unique pieces while creating joy for those seeking a signed one of kind work.
"Disco is all about inclusion. No matter who you are or where you're from, you can come together and have a good time," Sanchez said. "This collection celebrates a new height in its longstanding partnership with Z Gallerie, showcasing the power of possibility when two unique brands support and trust one another."
Inspired by Disco's vibrant energy and color palette, the Destination Disco collection dazzles. The 41-piece collection includes inspired photographic and embellished art pieces featuring diamond dust, metallic leaf gilding, hand-painted accents, textural varnishes and glitter, honoring Z Gallerie's trendsetting and captivating style.
To browse the Z Gallerie collection, click here.
ABOUT OLIVER GAL:
Oliver Gal is a lifestyle brand with a mission: to create a happier, more inspired world by creating and manufacturing high-quality, expressive art and home decor. The company was founded by sisters Ana Sanchez-Gal and Lola Sanchez in 2012 when they realized there was no truly cool museum quality art available at affordable prices. It was their search for the piece that would motivate, decorate, and make you love your decor that led to creating the most awarded wall art and home decor brand in America. The growing South Florida-based art and lifestyle brand was created to capture life's most haute moments, avant-garde objects, and splendid lifestyles in art. Oliver Gal's vibrant, high-impact art has been featured in Forbes, Glamour Magazine, People Magazine, Vogue, Architectural Digest, Boston Globe, and LA Times—among other major U.S. and international publications.
Visit the Oliver Gal website here.
Sallie James
Red Banyan


Discover whether any of your ancestors were married in the diocese of Shropshire, England. These records cover almost four centuries of marriages, between 1538 and 1900. You will find your ancestor's wedding date and spouse's name. Later records will also include the names of witnesses, who were often relatives or close friends. Marriages from various denominations are represented, such as Methodist, Unitarian, Congregational and Baptist.
Each record comprises a transcript and a colour image of the original parish register of the marriage.
This record set comprises almost 535,600 marriages in Shropshire, England.These records date from 1538 to 1900.
Salop is the old name for the West Midlands county of Shropshire. The county town is Shrewsbury. It was renamed Shropshire by order of the county council in 1980.
These records belong to the Shropshire Collection, a unique set of records spanning baptisms, banns, marriages and burials, which provides details of the history of Shropshire and its people.


Manxgirl living and crafting down under.: Progress.
I almost feel guilty for having sick time from work. I got so much done!
As Monday progressed my sore throat became an incredibly runny nose, but I've had none of the usual aches and pains and don't feel particularly ill, on the contrary, aside from little bundles of paper handkerchiefs in every room of the house and the constant sniffing, you wouldn't know that I'm ill!
I've had so much fun putting together a quilt for DS Joe.
On Monday I finished making the flag blocks, if you remember I only had a few left to do. Then I got them all joined into rows with their sashing before calling it quits in time to cook dinner.
I didn't get quite as much done yesterday as I had a visitor, but I had a goal in mind and was determined to achieve it, so I was still sewing when Tony got home, he organised dinner.
I am thrilled with the progress I've made. And so is Tony. He says if Joe doesn't like his quilt, that's ok, we can keep it, cause he loves it and wants me to make one for him too!!
One more round to go. I plan to put the numeric pennants into a border of pale grey, then it will be complete.
Thing is, they are triangular flags and I don't have any triangle rulers, so I'll be relying on the cutting lines on my mat. Oh! And there are two different kinds of triangle!!
Right, stuff to do today before I can play and I'll have another visitor!
The flag quilt is growing well - with just those tricky pennant borders to do, you are really must be so pleased with your progress.
You may be making a second quilt as I'm sure Joe will love it.
Shhh, it's oh so quiet!


text:
«Cocoon» es un sencillo lanzado en marzo de 2002 por la cantante y compositora islandesa Björk. El mismo pertenece a Vespertine, álbum lanzado en agosto de 2001. Fue el tercer sencillo desprendido del cuarto álbum de Björk.

Acerca de la canción
La canción «Cocoon» fue escrita por Björk y Thomas Knak. Trata sobre una chica viviendo un romance que le pilla por sorpresa. La letra incluye situaciones de sexo explícito contadas eufemística y metafóricamente.

Videoclip
El video musical fue dirigido por Eiko Ishioka. En el vídeo aparece Björk haciendo un "desnudo digital" y desde sus senos empiezan a surgir unos hilos rojos que van fluyendo hasta rodear por completo a Björk y convertirla en una crisálida (Cocoon en inglés). El vídeo, al igual que el de «Pagan Poetry» fue censurado en Estados Unidos.

Lista de canciones (CD 1)
 «Cocoon»
 «Pagan Poetry» - Music Box
 «Sun In My Mouth» - Recomposed by Ensemble

Segundo disco
Nombre: Cocoon.
Fecha de lanzamiento:marzo de 2002.
Formato: CD.

Lista de canciones (CD 2)
 «Cocoon» - Radio Edit
 «Aurora» – Music Box
 «Amphibian»

Tercer disco
Nombre: Cocoon.
Fecha de lanzamiento: marzo de 2002.
Formato: DVD.

Lista de canciones (DVD)
 «Cocoon»
 «Pagan Poetry» - Music Box
 «Sun In My Mouth» - Recomposed by Ensemble

NOTA: DVD de dos lados con el videoclip de la canción tanto en formato PAL como NTSC.

Véase también
 Sencillos de Björk

Enlaces externos
 Sitio oficial de Björk
 Videoclip de Cocoon

Sencillos de 2002
Sencillos de Björk

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The growing number of discarded computer systems has been accompanied by a similar trend in the number of discarded hard drives. A discarded hard drive however, is a unique form of waste because it carries large quantities of information that is closely related to its user. Consequently, the treatment of waste hard drives is an important issue in the context of data security, privacy, sustainable development and environmental conservation. With so many hard drive treatment options available, average computer users are often left clueless about which option is most suitable for their needs. This article will examine the currently available methods for hard disk destruction with a particular focus on their benefits, draw backs and suitability.
Degaussing is a procedure that involves the removal or elimination of an unwanted magnetic field. Since storage devices such as cassettes, hard disks and diskettes require magnetic fields to store data, degaussing is an effective way to erase data as it neutralises the magnetic fields present within the storage media. To comprehend how this process works, one must first understand how data is recorded onto hard drives, tapes and other magnetic media. Magnetic tape is composed of three major components: a tape recorder operates by moving the tape past a group of small metal blocks known as heads, at a constant speed. A tape recorder contains both playback and record heads. During recording, the record heads induce a magnetic field that repositions the coating of iron oxide into a digital recording pattern. The playback heads interpret this pattern and convert it into meaningful information. Hard drives work in the same way the only difference being that they are faster and more reliable. Instead of tape, a flat circular disk of metal, known as a platter is used. The platter is coated with a thin layer of chromium or iron oxide. The disc spins under a read/write head which magnetises the platter. A degausser will destroy this information by creating a magnetic field powerful enough to permanently nullify the magnetic properties of the chromium/iron -ore coating.
Though degaussers are effective, they are often expensive and the performance of different models may vary according to the maximum strength of the magnetic field that can be achieved and on the coercivity of the storage media to be wiped. Shredding on the other hand is a highly effective and reliable method for hard drive destruction. A hard drive shredder will completely destroy the hard disk's circuitry and its platter rendering it useless. Compared to degaussing, shredding is more reliable because it is not dependent on variable factors such as coercivity. It is also cheaper for individuals who routinely need to destroy their hard drives.


So recently, a fellow fanpopper Snerkie gepostet a soapbox Artikel entitled "Sydney = Overrated". If Du haven't read that article, Du may have to in order to get what I'm saying. To start, My name is Ali, I'm 17 and I live in Sydney.
Du say Sydney is Un-Australian. Um... isn't that is what is so great about Australia? That that we are so MULTICULTURAL. Now Du say Du are not racist, but seriously, everyone has a right to live in Australia (given they're not terrorists, murderers oder dangerous) and that fact that Du put Un-Australian in bold worries me.
No Sydney is not great. When I was 12 my family moved from Melbourne to Sydney. I remember being so overwhelmed Von the enormity of it all, I kept comparing it to Melbourne. Melbourne had trams and was easier to get around, Sydney didn't. Melbourne had all my friends, Sydney didn't. Melbourne was Melbourne and Sydney wasn't. But then as I realized I was going to be in Sydney for awhile, so I sucked it up. I discovered buses and I got new and in some cases better friends.
I'm not blind oder stupid. A lot of people smoke, there isn't a great rubbish regime and the homeless people are scary. But let's just go over the highlights of Sydney. Snerkie liked the harbour, and she's right, it's beautiful and the locals enjoy it too, not just tourists. But what about the weather? It's almost always sunny and the beaches are as close as 30 Minuten away. Sydney is also very green, being so moist. There are a vast species of trees, mostly native. The national parks are close and easy to get to, most people have them on their back yards. Yeah I know, feuer hazard, but Hey that's Australia for you.
Von now your thinking get off your soapbox(hahaha) Shizzali, you've only been to Melbourne and Sydney. You've never been to Adelaide, so quite being so defensive. Well that's true. I've only every been to Rural NSW and Victoria, and I've loved it, but I never thought I took it for granted. I've also been holidaying in Europe and Canada, so I'm not ignorant.
To finish I have a few Mehr points, so bär with me. Snerkie says that on TV "they say how beautiful Sydney is and it's like the herz of Australia". Well there's her problem, Since when do Du believe EVERYTHING Du see on TV (WWE isn't as sincere as she thinks, obviously). I credit Snerkie for taking that trip to explore Mehr of Australia, my friend and I are doing a road trip around Australia when we finish school Weiter year.
So that's it from Shizzali, Du may have gathered I like my feelings known. As a final point, I'm not saying that Sydney isn't overrated, to some people. Everyone has a right to their opinion and to Veröffentlichen that opinion, and I'm exercising that right. I hope Du enjoyed it, I certainly enjoyed Schreiben it!
right well, i thought the other side should have a say, thanks for your feedback.
Yes the other side 'should' have their say, I live in Sydney always have and always will, great article. Cheers.
As a Melbournian, born and bred, I have always liked Melbourne much better than Sydney, but have never really thought it was over-rated. I do not personally believe it is better than Melbourne, but I can't be objective.
I also completely agree with you, on how foreign networks, especially those in the USA, portray Australia wrongly. At the 2008 Victorian Swimming State Championships in Melbourne, there were many overseas visitors, most from Japan. Being the social butterfly that I am, ofcourse I went and talked to them (through translators, they couldn't speak english), I was asked, among other questions, "Do you have a pet kangaroo?", "Do you ride kangaroos to school/work/outings etc..?" and when they discovered I had a backyard pool "Is there any crocodiles in it?". This to me shows hoe misrepresented we are in overseas media. The girls asked these questions completely seriously, and were quite confused as to why we didn't take kangaroos instead of cars or didn't have a per croc in our pools.
Ok, sorry for that minor interruption, but I thought it was funny and you might get a giggle out of it. My family has always said that I had to see Australia before I saw the world, so in my 14 years I have never been overseas, but holidayed in each state capital, and the various locations, such as Port Douglas, Cairns, Kakadu National Park, Alice Springs and Uluru, Broome and many others which are famous for their international tourism. After seeing almost every major town/city (and minor ones in Victoria, New South Wales and lower Queensland) I cannot make up my mind as to which is the best, they each have such a different atmosphere and all have many pros and cons.
Sorry for the essay comment XD, it was a great article in rebuttal to Sydney=Overrated. Thanks and kudos on your piece.


The Meaning Of The Word Address?
I made a booking at a hotel. I sent the hotel an email to re-confirm my booking and I also asked them for a non-smoking room with an additional bed as a request.
The reply I received from them says "Your reservation has been confirmed and fully addresses your specified preferences."
I don't understand the meaning of the word "address" in this context.
Is that a nature way of using the word?
Could you please rephrase it for me to understand?
15: to deal with or discuss: to address the issues.
Yes, it's a common usage of the verb address.
"Your reservation shows that your preferences will be taken care of."
Thank you! Now I can understand completely.
To address something can mean, writing an address on an envelope or, it could mean giving attention to something, responding to something.
If you feel sick, you go to see a doctor. The doctor will listen to you describe your symptoms and, if necessary, will prescribe some medication for you. But, if you then say to the doctor that you don't like taking medication, or you were worried about taking this particular medication, the doctor would, and should, "address" (respond to) your concerns. He might say something to the effect of "Ok, I understand your concerns, but don't worry, the medication isn't strong, it shouldn't make you feel drowsy and it doesn't cause any illness.But if you do experience any problems, then come back to me".
You are concerned and the doctor "addresses" your concerns. He responds to your concerns is another way to say it.
As regards your question about it being a natural way to use the word, I am inclined to say no, given the context, It's overly formal, when a warmer response would have been better. In fact, it's more than overly formal, it's a contrived attempt at trying to sound formal (in my humblest of opinions), when simple language would have probably worked better. As someone who has management experience, if I were to read that email, I would not be happy. I would be sitting down with the author and teaching them how to write in such a way that conveys warmth and welcome and makes the customer "feel the love" before they've even set foot in the foyer.
Your english is pretty good, maybe you'd like to have a try at re-phrasing it again yourself, see what you can come up with.
The definition "giving attention to something" gave me a deeper understanding of the word.
As you recommended, I tried to re-phrase that sentence as follows.
"We have confrimed your reservation and we are also happy to reserve a room which meets your preferences.
We look forward to welcoming you soon."


text:
05.04.2006 Diaspora News
Ghanaian held in Nepali capital
By chinaview
KATHMANDU, April 5 -- Police personnel from the Nepali capital, Kathmandu District Police Office (KDPO) have taken 16 foreign nationals (including a Ghanaian national) in custody on different criminal charges over the past three-and-a-half years, a KDPO report said Wednesday.
"A total of 16 foreigners were taken in custody, some also in judicial custody, in the last three-and-a-half years," a police official at the KDPO said.
"We do not have records of those arrested on old charges, but that number might be very low," the official said.
According to him, the KPDO has only recently started keeping records of the detained foreigners.
"We do not have the record of arrests made before August, 2003," he said on condition of anonymity.
According to the report, four Nigerians, three South Africans, two Pakistanis, and one person each from China, Japan, South Korea,the Czech Republic, Germany, Cameroon and Ghana are currently in custody on criminal charges.
Four of them are charged with dealing in fake currency, five with drug smuggling, three with forgery and two on cheating charges.
"The legal procedures to be followed while dealing with foreignnationals is very tricky," Ganesh KC, deputy superintendent of police at the KDPO said.
According to him, the foreign convicts usually change their statements when produced in court.
"Most of the time, they choose to remain silent during police interrogation. Sometimes, a moderator is needed to take their statements," he said.


If your coolant gauge is reading erratic or the needle doesn't move at all, locate the coolant temp sender near the center of the engine block on the driver side under the intake manifold. The wire is yellow, and the connector is a female spade type. Disconnect the wire and touch it to ground and the needle should go to the hot range of the gauge when the key is in the run position. If it doesn't, then the temp compensator board is most likely the cause.
We offer new replacement compensator boards or our money-saving bypass kit as well. Either repair will require that the instrument cluster be removed and disassembled. This is about a one-hour job that can be accomplished easily with common hand tools and a good service manual. Our bypass kit includes detailed instructions.


Published by the Minster FM News Team at 5:46am 2nd October 2009.
It's the biggest match in Coca Cola League One this season - a top of the table clash between Leeds and Charlton.
The Whites are still unbeaten, despite their draw on Tuesday.
Charlton suffered their first defeat mid-week though, in a shock 3-Nil Loss away to Colchester.


Join my newsletter subscription below and get 20% off the purchase of a Leith O'Malley print.
A one word answer in the box below (Yes or No) THANKS!
Thank you for joining the list and don't worry, I won't be bombarding your inbox with useless, advertising.
Although he prefers to be described as a mark or image maker, Leith O'Malley is an Australian Artist/Illustrator who has been producing art for exhibition and print for many years.
A preference for working in many mediums including digital, his work was recently included in the 2016 European book publication "Looking Down Under – Contemporary Artists of Australia" joining the Italian Luciano Benetton Collection. He is also part of the illustration stable of the long standing Australian music publication "Rhythms".
Recent editions of the magazine feature his renditions of musicians such as Ben Harper, Joe Bonamassa, Billy Bragg, Kasey Chambers and Bonnie Raitt.
Leiths involvement and love of music has seen him producing promotional material and CD artwork for many Australian musicians and music events.
Additionally his artwork has been exhibited in Russia (The Moscow Jazz Festival) and the United States (Dallas 4th Wall Gallery and Saratoga New York Jazz Festival) plus various Australian commercial galleries. He maintains an international presence via social media networks, online art communities and various portfolio websites.
Leith continues his studio practice, treading a path of fascination with all things painting and drawing - both traditionally and/or digital.
Visit the website to see more work from Leith O'Malley or follow the social media links below.


text:
Иван Фёдорович Баранов (13 октября 1807 — 1848) — российский купец и мануфактурист.

Биография
Уроженец города Александрова Владимирской губернии, Баранов унаследовал от отца красильную фабрику, сам построил несколько новых и, между прочим, в 1846 году — знаменитую Троицко-Александровскую бумагопрядильню.

Успеху его фабрик много способствовали его нововведения; так, он первый решился отвергнуть употребление французского и голландского крапа и заменить его мареной, растущей в изобилии в наших закавказских владениях; затем заменил бычью кровь, употребляемую для окраски иностранцами, пшеничными отрубями, и изобрёл средство к отстранению опасного самовозгорания бумажной пряжи, окрашенной в андрианопольский красный цвет. Расширяя постоянно свои торговые операции во внутренних и смежных с Московскою и Владимирскою губерниях, он первый открыл систематические торговые сношения с Хивою, Астрабадом и другими азиатскими городами и один из первых послал свои товары в Тифлис для заведения там русского торгового дома.

Будучи городским головою в Александрове, Баранов немало заботился о нуждах города и щедрою рукою благотворил как частным лицам, так и учреждениям. Им же сделаны разные пристройки и украшения в местном соборе.

Преждевременная смерть Баранова от холеры была потерею для развития русской мануфактурной деятельности и торговли с Востоком.

Литература
 Тихонравов К. Ив. Ф. Баранов. // Записки Юрьевского общества сельских хозяев. — Приложение к I вып. — Владимир, 1860. — С. 28—32.
 Некоторые черты из жизни И. Ф. Баранова. — , 1849.
 Некролог // Владимирские Губернские Ведомости. — 1848, № 35. — С. 192—194.

Ссылки

Промышленники Российской империи
Умершие от холеры


( start at 2:59 to get right to the recipe).
Salt, pepper and Parmesan cheese (or Parmesan cheese veggie substitute if you're going completely veggie) to taste.
Spray non stick spray on your pan, add onions, mushrooms and peppers and let them cook through, turn stove to medium high heat add the slaw and 1/4 cup of water…let it cook for around 6 – 10 minutes depending on how crunchy/soft you want it. I wanted it more spaghetti-ish so I cooked it for 10 minutes and it still had a crunch to it. Add sauce, mix through and let warm…add a bit of Parmesan cheese mix and again. Let cool for about a minute then serve and top with a bit more parmesan cheese :).
I ate this alone and it was a huge serving for around 210 calories (give and take with the cheese) but if you do the whole bag and serve it with something else it can easily serve two people. To make it for two adjust veggies accordingly, maybe a whole onion and pepper, mushrooms is enough in my opinion mine had a lot but I'm a huge mushrooms girl..and with the sauce add little by little according to taste, I like mine sauce-y so after the 1/2 cup of sauce I added another 1/4 cup of water to thin out the sauce and not have to add more (more sauce = more calories = no no).
We received a link for a recipe from our friend @Analovebug for a Falafel Sandwich. Give it a try and let us know how it tastes.
PROCESS chickpeas, oatmeal, mayo, onions, garlic, cumin and half the cilantro in food processor until smooth. Shape into 18 (2-inch) patties, using about 2-1/2 Tbsp. chickpea mixture for each. Place in single layer on baking sheet. Refrigerate 15 min.
MEANWHILE, mix sour cream, tahini and lemon juice until well blended. Refrigerate until ready to use. Combine cucumbers, tomatoes, remaining cilantro and dressing.
HEAT 1 Tbsp. oil in large skillet on medium heat. Add half the falafel patties; cook 3 min. on each side or until browned on both sides. Remove from heat; cover to keep warm. Repeat with remaining oil and patties.
TOP each pita with 3 falafel patties, about 4-1/2 tsp. sour cream mixture and 1/3 cup cucumber mixture. Serve immediately.
Prepare using KRAFT Light Mayo Reduced Fat Mayonnaise and BREAKSTONE'S Reduced Fat or KNUDSEN Light Sour Cream.
Falafel patties can be prepared ahead of time. Refrigerate up to 24 hours before cooking as directed.
Omit pita breads. Serve cooked falafel patties topped with cucumber mixture and sour cream mixture.


text:
Q: Why there is a 0.0.0.0 gateway for eth0 if I only add one in the interface config? In my interface config file, I only add one route for the 192.168.2.0, but when the machine is running, there is a 0.0.0.0 gateway for 192.168.2.0.
How to fix this only using interface config?
$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         10.164.0.1      0.0.0.0         UG    600    0        0 wlan0
10.164.0.0      0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     600    0        0 wlan0
169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1000   0        0 eth0
192.168.2.0     192.168.2.101   255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 eth0
192.168.2.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
202.161.42.25   10.164.0.1      255.255.255.255 UGH   600    0        0 wlan0
$ cat /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 192.168.2.102
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    up route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.2.101


See Resilience Right Before Your Eyes.
For firmer, more resilient-looking eyes, refresh your skin's appearance with ELASTIderm Eye Products formulated with clinically proven ingredients.
See the results. Believe your eyes.
See how ELASTIderm Eye Cream helped reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles for firmer, more resilient-looking skin around the eyes.


text:
Merritt Paulson announces plan to sell the Thorns, says he won't sell Timbers
Paulson stepped down as CEO of the Thorns in October after an independent investigation into systemic abuse in the NWSL implicated Thorns executives.
Author: KGW Staff
Published: 9:59 AM PST December 1, 2022
Updated: 5:11 PM PST December 1, 2022
PORTLAND, Ore. — Merritt Paulson, owner of the Portland Thorns and Portland Timbers, announced Thursday morning that he is selling the Thorns, though he will maintain ownership of the Timbers.
Paulson, who joined the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) as a founding team owner in 2012, stepped down as CEO of the Thorns and Timbers in October after the release of findings from an independent investigation into systemic abuse across the NWSL.
The Thorns, Paulson and other Thorns executives were mentioned often in the Yates report, which indicated that Paulson knew that multiple players had accused former Thorns head coach Paul Riley of sexual misconduct, including harassment and sexual coercion, going back a decade.
The Thorns said they investigated Riley in 2015 while he was with the team and reported the findings to the league. They did not renew his contract, but did not make the reasons public. The report said the Thorns were not forthcoming with certain information, and attempted to prevent investigators from using the team's 2015 report.
Both fans and players have spoken out against Paulson and Thorns management, putting pressure on top team officials to step down and for Paulson to sell the team. After the release of the Yates report, Paulson fired two executives, Gavin Wilkinson and Mike Golub, and resigned as CEO.
Timbers, Thorns CEO steps down in wake of investigation into alleged sexual abuse, misconduct
Portland Thorns interfered with investigation into alleged sexual abuse and misconduct, report says
'He took away our careers': Ex-Thorns players who accused former coach Paul Riley of sexual harassment appear on TODAY
A member of Thorns supporter group, the Rose City Riveters, Tina Ettlin reacted to the news, "It's a really good step forward but it's not complete yet he still has full ownership of the Timbers which is at Providence Park so he's still there."
"The same reason Merritt is unfit to own the Thorns is the same reason he's unfit to own the Timbers so he still needs to sell the Timbers as well because right now he's still associated at Providence Park where the players will supposedly continue to play."
In Thursday's statement, Paulson said the past year has been "challenging." He said he regrets "the role our organization played in the failures identified by the investigations."
He said he believes the club still has a "bright future" and would be best served by having a new owner. "I believe it is in the best interest of the Thorns to have a new owner so that the Club can operate at the league level with a fresh voice to be a driving force for the NWSL," Paulson wrote.
Paulson said the Thorns will work with the NWSL to "find the right group" to buy the club. "We will not rush to a decision as we want to get it right for our players, for Portland and for women's soccer," he wrote.
Willamette Week reported that the ownership group is seeking "$30 million to $50 million" for the Thorns, which aligns with the sale of the Washington Spirit for $35 million earlier this year. The Oregonian reported that Paulson is seeking as much as $60 million.
Paulson said he does not plan to sell the Timbers and said he will work to assure a smooth transition between the new owner of the Thorns and the Timbers. He said he believes the Thorns should continue to play their matches at Providence Park.
"I am fully committed to doing all that is necessary to ensure a smooth transition and the continued success of the Thorns, including providing favorable usage terms for Providence Park that will enable the Thorns to continue to capitalize on their popularity in Portland," he said.
Paulson also said he wants the new owner to move forward with "ongoing efforts to secure" a new training facility for the Thorns.
In Thursday's statement, Paulson said he's pledging $1 million to establish a player safety office in the league, which was one of the recommendations in the report.


South Africa's pleasant climate, stunning beauty, and relatively low cost of living continues to make it a desirable destination for expats looking for a change. But just like many other major countries, South Africa's complex immigration rules and regulations can be daunting. South Africa's visa application process isn't easy and requires careful consideration and planning. With that, we've rounded up the four best visa options for anyone looking to make the move to South Africa.
The critical skills work visa was a very welcome addition, in June 2014, to the types of work visas that a prospective immigrant may consider applying for. It carries with it a host of benefits and boasts very clear qualifying criteria which can assist South Africa in attracting much needed skills. It is offered for a 5-year period, and you may apply for permanent residence after the 5-year period. If you have 5 years' experience in your occupation, then there is every chance you can immediately apply for permanent residence as well.
Spouses and life partners of South African citizens and permanent residency holders are permitted to come and reside in South Africa on the basis of their relationship. Couples must prove they have been married, or together for a 5-year period of time, to apply for permanent residency. Applications can be made for temporary residency before this period. If the accompanying spouse or life partner wishes to take up employment or start an own business, an endorsement can be applied for.
The South African in the relationship must provide a letter of financial undertaking and prove that he or she has sufficient funds to sponsor the couple, at least R8500 per person.
South Africa has some world-renowned learning institutions and is a popular destination for foreign students. Advantages include the relatively low cost of studying fees and the lower living expenses. What's great about studying in South Africa with this study visa is that you're permitted to conduct part-time work, so long as it doesn't exceed 20 hours per week.
If you earn an income coming from outside of South Africa, either through rental property income or another revenue source such as a trust fund, you may qualify for a Retirement Visa. Retirement Visa applicants must show the financial capacity to withdraw at least R37000 in income per month. Although this visa specifically mentions "retirement", there is no minimum age limit for this visa.
If you are looking to apply for a South African visa, make sure you get in touch with one of our Immigration Consultants today. Our Consultants will help guide you in determining which visa to apply for, collect and submit your documents, and provide you with essential advice from the beginning of the immigration process to the end.


text:
Home / Homepage Feature Story / Local Man Spends 16 Years Fighting Montclair State and Wins
Local Man Spends 16 Years Fighting Montclair State and Wins
By Maddye Belov-Boxer
Edward Pasino, a Clifton resident who has been in a legal battle with Montclair State University for over 16 years. John LaRosa | The Montclarion
Montclair State University spent 16 years and hundreds of thousands of dollars fighting local authorities for the right to make Yogi Berra Drive into a two-way road.
They lost, and Clifton, New Jersey resident and Montclair State alumnus Ed Pasino played a part in their defeat.
Pasino was embroiled in a conflict between Montclair State and the city of Clifton, as well as Passaic County. The battle began in 2005 when the university first made its plans known and Pasino raised his concerns to the city. In 2014, after years of being denied by planning boards and local authorities, Montclair State sued both Clifton and Passaic County.
Even now, after the New Jersey Supreme Court settled the matter in a victory for Clifton in fall 2021, Pasino, a retired teacher, noticeably bristles just from recounting the events.
"It's [fun] just talking about this," Pasino said from his cozy living room. "Because it was just an awful, awful 16 years."
A view of Yogi Berra Drive, showing the distance between Pasino's backyard and the one-way road.
John LaRosa | The Montclarion
Pasino expressed a degree of exasperation over the amount of money the university has spent on the legal battle over Yogi Berra Drive. As of October 2019, Montclair State had accrued $450,000 in legal fees since the start of the case in 2014.
"I hope it's over with because as an [alumnus] and as a taxpayer and, you know, having paid tuition, I don't want them spending any more money on this, and look where it's led," Pasino said.
In 2005, Montclair State, looking to accommodate its growing student population and relieve the increasingly severe traffic congestion, drew up plans to expand Yogi Berra Drive. Andrew Mees, the university spokesperson, reiterated the importance of having an additional exit available.
"It is not inaccurate to say Yogi Berra Drive being a one-way street impacts the flow of traffic on campus," Mees said. "That is why the university has petitioned to make it a two-lane road for the past 16 years, taking the case as high as the [New Jersey] Supreme Court. Another exit from campus is a necessity, on that side of campus in particular, especially in an emergency scenario when people may need to get off campus quickly."
Pasino is adamant that his concerns were based solely on safety. An uphill, somewhat narrow incline with multiple twists and turns that can ice over badly in the winter, Yogi Berra Drive is hazardous enough as it is, from his perspective.
Even before he was aware of the university's intentions, Pasino was concerned with the way drivers behaved on the steep, winding roadway. His apartment has multiple clear views of Yogi Berra Drive, with only his backyard standing between him and the road.
A line of cars wrapped down Yogi Berra Drive. John LaRosa | The Montclarion
"If you're doing dishes, it's right there," Pasino said. "Usually, we eat here [at the nearby table], so we'd be sitting here and just see cars going up so quickly, you couldn't tell the color."
It was Pasino's proximity to Yogi Berra Drive that not only led him to get involved initially, but to testify as a non-expert witness when the case was taken up by the Superior Court. During his testimony, he stated he had seen several cars make the trip up the road traveling over the posted speed limit of 15 miles per hour.
Pasino's testimony was cited by the New Jersey Superior Court as being significant enough to undercut any confidence the court had in Montclair State's police to hypothetically enforce the speed limit on a modified Yogi Berra Drive.
A view of Yogi Berra Drive from a study room in Pasino's home.
As an alumnus, Pasino is sympathetic toward the students who are still dealing with the traffic situation on campus.
"I feel for them," Pasino said. "I was one of them. There was traffic [then, too], but you don't solve the problem by making a bigger problem."
Pasino also reiterated that ultimately, the end result was out of his hands.
"The courts decided," Pasino said. "It was a long process, a lot of testimony, a lot of time, a lot of different court meetings and this was the end result and I hope it's finished."
Pasino's apartment seen from the one way on Yogi Berra Drive. Only a few feet stand between the road and his backyard.
Commuters, who take the brunt of the traffic on campus, are divided on the issue. Leslie Gallagher, a junior communications and media arts major, thinks the State Court was right to deny Montclair State's appeal.
"Honestly, knowing that road, I think it would have been a really dangerous thing to do," Gallagher said. "I do think we need another exit, I just have no idea where. I think there's a lot of traffic on campus, especially at particular times. [It] takes, like, 30 minutes just to get out of here at certain times of day."
Taylor Lobue, a freshman psychology major, feels the change would have been beneficial to students.
"I think there should have been two ways," Lobue said. "I'm here for, like, an hour after I get out. I already get out of here at 5 p.m. and I don't get home until 6 p.m., so it would be a lot easier if there [were] two ways."
Pasino, a Montclair State alumni, says he feels for the current students.
Whether the university plans to continue petitioning for the expansion of Yogi Berra Drive or has some alternative in mind remains to be seen. For now, for the first time since 2005, Pasino is at tentative ease — emphasis on "tentative."
"They're not starting something up again, are they?" Pasino said.
Nixon / Feb 2
Avatar is Blind to Its Own Racial Implications
Luderitz / Jan 30