text:
Bryce Canyon 2019 Copyright Charles Rotter
Climate News Roundup
The Week That Was: 2022-11-19 (November 19, 2022)
Brought to You by SEPP (www.SEPP.org)
The Science and Environmental Policy Project
Quote of the Week: "We have a habit in writing articles published in scientific journals to make the work as finished as possible, to cover up all the tracks, to not worry about the blind alleys or describe how you had the wrong idea first, and so on. So there isn't any place to publish, in a dignified manner, what you actually did in order to get to do the work." Richard Feynman, Nobel Lecture, 1966.
Number of the Week: 0.003°C per year. Temperature from 200 meteorological stations: average rate of 0.005°C, per year during the past half century.
By Ken Haapala, President, Science and Environmental Policy Project (SEPP)
Scope: Writing in Real Clear Energy, AMO Physics Professor Emeritus William Happer has an effective essay explaining why there is no dangerous warming from natural gas (mostly methane, CH4) which is vital for maintaining a stable electrical grid. Meanwhile the grid is becoming more fragile as special interest groups falsely claim wind and solar power is reliable and less costly than coal or natural gas. TWTW will discuss the essay using parts of the important paper written by Happer and W. A. van Wijngaarden on "Relative Potency of Greenhouse Molecules."
The 27th annual Conference of Parties (COP 27) of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) closed with the COP27 President, Sameh Shoukry declaring that they are "fair, balanced, and transparent in our approach." The UN is not. It deliberately ignores forty years of advances in understanding the limitations of how atmospheric greenhouse gases influence earth's temperatures. As Howard Hayden demonstrated in last week's TWTW, the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) "…have provided incontrovertible evidence that their representative scenarios are physically impossible." Even when using the more modest "scenario in which the radiative forcing is 7.0 W/m2" (SSP3-7.0), the IPCC gets the Stefan-Boltzmann law wrong. Thus, none of their projections, forecasts, or long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns are based on laws of physics. TWTW will explore the possibility of a term to describe this deliberate ignorance of advances in science. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1QENy1YYPKQ
Former parliamentary under-secretary for Energy, Science and Technology Barry Brill of New Zealand has written that in its Sixth Assessment Report (AR6, 2021) the IPCC backed down from its most extreme position. However, as witnessed at COP 27, it makes no difference to those making fanatical demands about the use of fossil fuels including enormous transfer payments from the US to developing nations. TWTW will review a few of the remarkable and positive changes that humanity has experienced, thanks to the use of these fuels.
In discussing the hypocrisy of COP 27, environmentalist Bjorn Lomborg brings up studies on the tremendous benefits to humanity in recent years from rural electrification, which requires reliable electricity, which cannot be supplied by wind or solar power.
No Clothes? In discussing the absence of critical thinking demonstrated by the Biden Administration in its intensifying regulations on the production of natural gas (methane), William Happer begins with the Hans Christian Anderson's story "The Emperor's New Clothes." Happer writes:
"In Biden's case, the new clothes are the nonsense that there is a climate emergency. But who would want to be considered "unfit for his office" or "unusually stupid" by questioning whether there really is an emergency? So, resplendent in his new regalia, President Biden has proposed regulations on methane emissions by the U.S. oil and gas industry, at a direct cost of more than $1 billion annually, to deal with a nonexistent problem.
"In fact, there is no climate emergency and there will not be one, with or without new regulations on methane emissions. Methane, the molecule CH4, is the main constituent of natural gas. Animals like cattle and sheep belch methane as they chew their cud. They are able to get more energy from forage by digesting some of the cellulose with the aid of methane-generating microorganisms in their stomachs. Termites use the same trick to digest wood. Microorganisms in soils, notably rice paddies, also emit large amounts of methane.
"To understand why methane regulation will be irrelevant to climate, it is necessary to discuss a few numbers. This is not customary in climate discussions, which are usually more based in emotion than in fact.
"Like water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O), methane is a naturally occurring greenhouse gas. Together with clouds, greenhouse gases control how heat added to the Earth by sunlight is returned as thermal infrared radiation to space. Greenhouse gases impede the flow of heat from Earth's surface to space.
"The details of how this happens are considerably more complicated than described by the adjective 'heat-trapping.' Much of the heat transfer near the surface is due to convection of moist air and has little to do with greenhouse gases. And how the temperature varies with altitude at various locations on Earth's surface is as important as the concentration of greenhouse gases.
"Few realize that large increases in the concentrations of greenhouse gases cause very small changes in the heat balance of the atmosphere. Doubling the concentration of methane – a 100% increase, which would take about 200 years at the current growth rates – would reduce the heat flow to space by only 0.3%, leading to an average global temperature change of only 0.2 °C. This is less than one-quarter of the change in temperature observed over the past 150 years.
"Most of the predicted catastrophic warming from greenhouse gas emissions is due to positive feedbacks that are highly speculative, at best. In accordance with Le Chatelier's principle, most feedbacks of natural systems are negative, not positive.
So, even if regulations on U.S. methane emissions could completely stop the increase of atmospheric methane (they can't), they would likely only lower the average global temperature in the year 2222 by about 0.2 °C, a completely trivial amount given that humans have adapted to a much larger change over the past century while reducing climate deaths by over 98%."
In explaining "U.S. to Sharply Cut Methane Pollution that Threatens the Climate and Public Health" November 2, 2022, the EPA claims:
"One third of the warming from greenhouse gases occurring today is due to human-caused emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas that traps about 30 times as much heat as carbon dioxide over 100 years, and sharp cuts over the next decade will have a near-term beneficial impact on the climate. In the United States, the oil and natural gas industry is the largest industrial source of methane emissions, emitting more methane than the total emissions of all greenhouse gases from 164 countries combined."
The EPA's claims are substantiated by nothing but words and models that fail basic testing against the real atmosphere. Professor Happer's analysis is based on detailed calculations of "Relative Potency of Greenhouse Molecules."
"The forcings due to changing concentrations of Earth's five most important, naturally occurring greenhouse gases, H2O, CO2, O3, N2O and CH4 as well as CF4 and SF6 were evaluated for the case of a cloud-free atmosphere."
Clouds will only lessen the greenhouse effect; thus, the analysis provides an upper bound. The data used is from the HITRAN Database, which is well tested. Many of America's weapons systems depend on it, including the Sidewinders, Stinger, and Javelin infrared guided missiles, as well as night vision devices. The abstract further states:
"For current atmospheric concentrations, the per-molecule forcings of the abundant greenhouse gases H2O and CO2 are suppressed by four orders of magnitude. The forcings of the less abundant greenhouse gases, O3, N2O and CH4, are also suppressed, but much less so."
In this case, an order of magnitude is a power of ten, thus the effectiveness of carbon dioxide in an atmosphere with no CO2 is 10,000 times that of adding CO2 to today's atmosphere. In writing:
"One third of the warming from greenhouse gases occurring today is due to human-caused emissions of methane, a potent greenhouse gas that traps about 30 times as much heat as carbon dioxide over 100 years…"
…the EPA demonstrates that it is ignorant of the greenhouse effect, and insists on using misleading and false words. There appears that there is no one in this administration who is capable or will speak out about the profound distortions by the administration concerning atmospheric physical science.
Happer concludes his essay with:
"Biden and his advisors should reassess his new clothes and remember the wise word of the poet Alexander Pope:
"'A little learning is a dangerous thing;
"'Drink deep or taste not the Pierian spring.
"'There shallow draughts intoxicate brain,
"'And drinking largely sobers us again.'
"A little learning really is a dangerous thing. Learn a few more scientific facts and sober up, President Biden!"
See links under Challenging the Orthodoxy and https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/us-sharply-cut-methane-pollution-threatens-climate-and-public-health
Functional Illiteracy: Years ago, when teaching economics and statistics, Haapala realized that many students may know the correct terms but do not understand what the terms mean. The advent of statistical packages for laptop computers may have only worsened the situation. Calculations and various statistical methods have limitations. One must understand these limitations before applying such methods.
In writing his paper on the incorrect statistics used to attribute probability assessments to extreme weather events, Ross McKitrick exposed papers, perhaps 10,000 papers, that failed to correctly interpret the Gauss-Markov Theorem on the assumptions needed to apply ordinary least squares to give the best unbiased estimate (BLUE) possible.
This problem is compounded by politicians and bureaucrats who are mathematically illiterate. A 1988 book by mathematician John Allen Paulos explained the problem well: Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and its Consequences. According to the book's description on Amazon:
"Why do even well-educated people understand so little about mathematics? And what are the costs of our innumeracy? John Allen Paulos, in his celebrated bestseller first published in 1988, argues that our inability to deal rationally with very large numbers and the probabilities associated with them results in misinformed governmental policies, confused personal decisions, and an increased susceptibility to pseudoscience of all kinds. Innumeracy lets us know what we're missing, and how we can do something about it.'
The problem exists beyond mathematics, as physician and molecular biologist of the Hoover Institution Henry Miller wrote in "Scientifically Illiterate America":
"At least a modicum of scientific literacy is important for citizens. As the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry's primer observed: 'It is imperative that policymakers, the media, and the general public are able to distinguish the facts from mere interpretations of a biased constituency. Decision-makers and those who inform them must be able to judge the quality of the science and reasoning that supports a position and must know whether a set of scientific findings is really meaningful to a decision.'
"However, even when the science is sound and the data are 'meaningful,' politicians and government officials commonly ignore them, often in the cause of bureaucratic empire-building, advancing some ideological goal, or capitulating to activists. When I was an official at the Food and Drug Administration, I once heard a Clinton administration undersecretary of agriculture, who previously had headed an anti-technology advocacy group, deconstruct science: 'You can have 'your' science or 'my' science or 'somebody else's' science. By nature, there is going to be a difference.' Translation: 'I don't care about data or the consensus in the scientific community. My opinions are just as valid.'
"The beauty of the scientific method, when done right, is that it protects us from ideology and bias, and helps us understand what is true and what really works. At its best, science can inform sound public policy. But when we ignore or misinterpret science, we move backwards toward a time when irrationality and superstition prevailed." [Boldface added]
To avoid moving "backward toward a time when irrationality and superstition prevailed," TWTW and SEPP try to emphasize that all evidence must be considered and properly presented. TWTW describes as "functional illiteracy" the use of important concepts without fully understanding them, including their limits.
In bureaucracies, such as government, all too often a little bit of exaggeration grows to a great deal of exaggeration. We have seen this on how increasing greenhouse gases may cause a bit of warming has grown to a "climate crisis" or "climate emergency." See links under Other Scientific News and https://www.amazon.com/Innumeracy-Mathematical-Illiteracy-Its-Consequences/dp/0809074478.
A Small, Meaningless Concession: Barry Brill, of New Zealand has written that in its Sixth Assessment Report (AR6, 2021) the IPCC has backed down from its most extreme emissions scenario. A similar essay by Judith Curry appeared in Climate Etc. on November 2 (Nov 5 TWTW). The average of all their modeled temperatures disagrees with measurements and will do so even after they abandon the most extreme one. Sadly, the damage caused by the exaggeration of the IPCC has been done. Many countries are making extreme claims of damages from global warming that are little more than exercises in extreme greed. For example, Colombia is claiming an annual loss of $800 billion, about 2.5 times its gross domestic product.
As discussed in last week's TWTW, AMO physicist Howard Hayden showed that for the first time in its reports, AR6 of the IPCC brought up the Stefan-Boltzmann law and got it totally wrong. The authors of AR6 calculated an increase in infrared radiation emitted by the surface to be about one-third of that that would be emitted if the earth's temperature rises 3.6ºC, the central estimate. Functional Illiteracy in action. See links under Challenging the Orthodoxy and After Paris.
Benefits of the Industrial Revolution: According to IPCC reports, global warming started with industrial CO2 emissions, about in the year 1850 in England. According to "Our World in Data", in 1850 about 74% of the world's population lived in extreme poverty, a hand-to-mouth existence. Today, about 10% of a much larger population lives in extreme poverty.
"But even after two centuries of progress, extreme poverty is still the reality for every tenth person in the world. This is what the 'international poverty line' highlights – this metric plays an important (and successful) role in focusing the world's attention on these very poorest people in the world.
"The poorest people today live in countries which have achieved no growth. This stagnation of the world's poorest economies is one of the largest problems of our time. Unless this changes millions of people will continue to live in extreme poverty."
Most of the extreme poverty is in Africa, where the UN, WEF, and other "do-good" organizations are unwittingly trying to stop economic growth. Given their Functional Illiteracy, the cruelty of these organizations is difficult to understand. According to Our World in Data, in 1850 life expectancy was 29.3 years (with little data outside of Europe and the Americas). In 2019 it was 72.6 years. Although there have been deficiencies and inequalities, the Industrial Revolution has been a great benefit to humanity. But how many academics calculating the "Social Cost of Carbon" take these numbers into consideration?
One of the great benefits from industrialization has been steady, reliable electricity. Modern industry requires reliable, affordable electricity. In addressing the hypocrisy exhibited at COP 27, environmentalist Bjorn Lomborg brings up studies on the benefits of rural electrification. This led to other studies in various regions of the globe.
By the 1920s most US cities and towns had electricity. But as late as 1932, only about 10% of rural America had electricity. Franklin Roosevelt made rural electrification an issue in his 1932 presidential campaign. By the 1950s the task was largely completed, with many homes having electrical appliances. Now this administration and the IPCC are declaring that reliable, affordable electricity is harmful to humanity?
See links under After Paris!, https://ourworldindata.org/extreme-poverty-in-brief, and https://ourworldindata.org/life-expectancy
Number of the Week: 0.003°C per year. Temperature from 200 meteorological stations: average rate of 0.005°C per year during the past half century. Many sources of claims of dangerous global warming from humans adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere cite the work of British steam engineer and amateur meteorologist Guy Stewart Callendar for revising the 19th century work on carbon dioxide and temperatures. The founder of the concept of greenhouse gases, John Tyndall, used spectroscopy to establish the warming effect, and yet today's climate modelers ignore modern work in the field, which is used by van Wijngaarden and Happer.
A link in Nature Human Behaviour led to a link of a 2007 reproduction of Calendar's original paper in a 1938 publication by the Royal Meteorological Society. Unfortunately, due to restrictions, TWTW could not copy the Summary. It reads:
"By fuel combustion man has added about 150,000 million tons of carbon dioxide to the air during the past half century. The author estimates from the best available data that approximately three quarters of this has remained in the atmosphere.
"That radiation absorption coefficients of carbon dioxide and water vapor are used to show the effect of carbon dioxide on 'sky radiation.' From this the increase in mean temperature, due to the artificial production of carbon dioxide, is estimated to be at the rate of 0.003°C per year at the present time.
"The temperature observations at 200 meteorological stations are used to show that world temperatures have actually increased at an average rate of 0.005°C per year during the past half century."
Evidently, TWTW must be an extreme anti-science, climate denier. The Earth is now in the cooling Meghalayan age, of the warm Holocene geological epoch, in the Quaternary period of frequent glaciations. Glaciation can lower the earth's temperatures in the temperate regions (where most people live) and polar regions by 10°C or more. A warming of 0.5°C per century should be welcome. See links under Below the Bottom Line and Changing Climate.
NEWS YOU CAN USE:
Challenging the Orthodoxy — NIPCC
Climate Change Reconsidered II: Physical Science
Idso, Carter, and Singer, Lead Authors/Editors, Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC), 2013
Click to access CCR-II-Full.pdf
Summary: https://www.heartland.org/_template-assets/documents/CCR/CCR-II/Summary-for-Policymakers.pdf
Climate Change Reconsidered II: Biological Impacts
Idso, Idso, Carter, and Singer, Lead Authors/Editors, Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC), 2014
http://climatechangereconsidered.org/climate-change-reconsidered-ii-biological-impacts/
Summary: https://www.heartland.org/media-library/pdfs/CCR-IIb/Summary-for-Policymakers.pdf
Climate Change Reconsidered II: Fossil Fuels
By Multiple Authors, Bezdek, Idso, Legates, and Singer eds., Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change, April 2019
http://store.heartland.org/shop/ccr-ii-fossil-fuels/
Download with no charge:
http://climatechangereconsidered.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Climate-Change-Reconsidered-II-Fossil-Fuels-FULL-Volume-with-covers.pdf
Why Scientists Disagree About Global Warming
The NIPCC Report on the Scientific Consensus
By Craig D. Idso, Robert M. Carter, and S. Fred Singer, Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC), Nov 23, 2015
http://climatechangereconsidered.org/
https://www.heartland.org/policy-documents/why-scientists-disagree-about-global-warming
Nature, Not Human Activity, Rules the Climate
S. Fred Singer, Editor, NIPCC, 2008
http://www.sepp.org/publications/nipcc_final.pdf
Global Sea-Level Rise: An Evaluation of the Data
By Craig D. Idso, David Legates, and S. Fred Singer, Heartland Policy Brief, May 20, 2019
Click to access SeaLevelRiseCCRII.pdf
Challenging the Orthodoxy
A Little Learning on Methane and Climate Change
By William Happer, Real Clear Energy, Nov 16, 2022
https://www.realclearenergy.org/articles/2022/11/16/a_little_learning_on_methane_and_climate_change_864994.html
Relative Potency of Greenhouse Molecules
By W. A. van Wijngaarden and W. Happer, Jan 14, 2021
https://wvanwijngaarden.info.yorku.ca/files/2021/03/WPotency.pdf?x45936
Barry Brill: The overdue retraction of a giant lie
By Barry Brill, Breaking Views. NZ, Nov 7, 2022
https://breakingviewsnz.blogspot.com/2022/11/barry-brill-overdue-retraction-of-giant.html
Climate Plans Remain Insufficient: More Ambitious Action Needed Now
By Staff, UN Climate Change, Oct 26, 2022
https://unfccc.int/news/climate-plans-remain-insufficient-more-ambitious-action-needed-now
Climate Alarmist Claim Fact Checks
Joseph D'Aleo, CCM, ICECAP, Nov 17, 2022
http://icecap.us/index.php/go/political-climate/alarmist_claim_rebuttals_updated/
Guest Feature: Energy *IS* the Economy
By Robert Hargraves, Grid Brief, Nov 15, 2022
https://www.gridbrief.com/p/guest-feature-energy-economy
"Sustainability is a myth."
The Be-All / End-All "reposition global warming as theory" Memos: When It's All You Got, You. Have. Nothing.
By Russell Cook, GelbspanFiles.com, Nov 16, 2022 [H/t WUWT]
http://gelbspanfiles.com/?p=14609
Defending the Orthodoxy – Bandwagon Science
Analysis: World has 9 years to avoid critical climate change threshold
By Zack Budryck, The Hill, Nov 11, 2022
Link to Analysis: Global Carbon Budget 2022
By Pierre Friedlingstein and multiple authors, Earth System Science Data, Nov 11, 2022
https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/4811/2022/
Questioning the Orthodoxy
Climate Change Weekly #453: Climate Catastrophism Is Worse Than Climate Change
By H. Sterling Burnett, Heartland, Nov 17, 2022
Thanks, Colorado Springs Gazette, for Warning of the Dangers of "Climate Change Catastrophism"
By Linnea Lueken, Climate Realism, Nov 16, 2022
After Paris!
COP27: A Parade Of Climate Hypocrisy
By Bjorn Lomborg, Forbes, Nov 10, 2022
https://www.forbes.com/sites/bjornlomborg/2022/11/10/cop27-a-parade-of-climate-hypocrisy/?sh=5207d9e472b3
Link to paper: Does basic energy access generate socioeconomic benefits? A field experiment with off-grid solar power in India
By Michaël Aklin, et al. Science Advances, May 17, 2017
https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/sciadv.1602153
Link to another study: The Welfare Impacts of Rural Electrification in Bangladesh
By Shahidur R. Khandker, et al, The Energy Journal.
https://www.iaee.org/energyjournal/article/2471
Link to a third study not used by Lomborg: Who Benefits Most from Rural Electrification? Evidence in India
By Shahidur R. Khandker, et al. The Energy Journal, Vol 35, No 2
https://www.iaee.org/en/publications/ejarticle.aspx?id=2559
Opinion: Where I come from, being a climate 'activist' isn't a choice
From CNN Opinion, Nov 10, 2022
https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/10/opinions/amazon-climate-change-cop27-helena-gualinga/index.html
"Among those attending COP27 is 20-year-old Helena Gualinga. She hails from a remote village in the Ecuadorian Amazon – home of the Kichwa Sarayaku community, who have been fighting for climate justice and indigenous land rights for decades."
[SEPP Comment: As with many claims, nothing to do with global warming.]
Opinion: Greenwashing Egypt's human rights record with COP27
The COP27 meeting has drawn criticism due to the human rights and environmental records of its host country
By:Samaa Elibyari and Ehab Lotayef, National Post (Can), Nov 12, 2022
https://nationalpost.com/opinion/opinion-greenwashing-egypts-human-rights-record-with-cop27
COP335
By John Robeson, Climate Discussion Nexus, Nov 16, 2022
COP27 — Colombia claims an absurd $800 billion a year "loss and damage"
By David Wojick, CFACT, Nov 16, 2022
https://www.cfact.org/2022/11/16/cop27-colombia-claims-an-absurd-800-billion-a-year-loss-and-damage/
Egypt's COP27 'climate gabfest' isn't going 'too well'
By Paul Homewood, Not a Lot of People Know That, Nov 14, 2022
Video: "Sins of the Industrial Revolution."
[SEPP Comment: Which pulled most of humanity out of extreme poverty!
'Staggering Disconnect': Climate Summit Boasts Opulent Beef, Seafood Menu Despite Spearheading Anti-Meat Initiatives
Problems in the Orthodoxy
China Embraces Increased Coal Use For Energy Security
By Julianne Geiger, Oil Price.com, Nov 15, 2022
https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News/World-News/China-Embraces-Increased-Coal-Use-For-Energy-Security.html
[SEPP Comment: China: renewable power for show, coal for go!]
Measurement Issues — Surface
Russian Temperature Records Are Not Cooperating With The CO2-Driven Climate Narrative
By Kenneth Richard, No Tricks Zone, Nov 14, 2022
Link to one paper: Holocene ice wedges of the Kolyma Lowland and January paleotemperature reconstructions based on oxygen isotope records
By Yurij K. Vasil'chuck, Nadine A. Budantseva, Geography and Geoology Departments, Lomonosov Moscow State University, (Science is clear understanding of truth, enlightenment of the mind.) Permaforst and Periglacial Processes, July 29, 2021
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ppp.2128
Link to second paper: Climate, glacial and vegetation history of the polar Ural Mountains since c. 27 cal ka BP, inferred from a 54 m long sediment core from Lake Bolshoye Shchuchye
By Marlene M. Lenz, et al, Journal of Quaternary Science, 2021
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jqs.3400
Daily Rainfall In India Shows No Increase In Extremes
Endless Summer In New York
By Tony Heller, His Blog, Nov 17, 2022
https://realclimatescience.com/2022/11/endless-summer-in-new-york-2/
[SEPP Comment: Only four feet of snow occurring in Buffalo?]
Record Cold In Victoria
https://realclimatescience.com/2022/11/record-cold-in-victoria/
Can you say Meghalayan?
"The Meghalayan sees a significant, widespread natural cooling cycle from temperatures considerably warmer than today to which the planet has never returned."
Cold conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence
Changing Seas
A 4500-year reconstruction of sea surface temperature variability at decadal time-scales off North Iceland
Link to paper: A 4500-year reconstruction of sea surface temperature variability at decadal time-scales off North Iceland
By Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, et al. Quaternary Science Review, November 2008
From the abstract: "We speculate that the oscillations reflect changes of the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) induced by increased ENSO activity."
[SEPP Comment: Iceland is just south of the Arctic Circle.]
New Study Finds Australian Sea Temperatures Multiple Degrees Warmer Than Today During The Last Glacial
Link to paper: Leeuwin Current dynamics over the last 60 kyr – relation to Australian ecosystem and Southern Ocean change
By Dirk Nürnberg, et al. Climate of the Past, Nov 15, 2022
https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/18/2483/2022/
Sea level rise to dramatically speed up erosion of rock coastlines by 2100
Press Release by Imperial College London, Phys.Org, Nov 15, 2022
https://phys.org/news/2022-11-sea-erosion-coastlines.html
"As the climate warms, sea levels are forecast to rise one meter by 2100 unless greenhouse gas emissions are reduced."
Link to paper: Sea-level rise will likely accelerate rock coast cliff retreat rates
By Jennifer R. Shadrick, Nature Communications, Nov 18, 2022
[SEPP Comment; Hockey-stick sea level rise, where there has been little. The tidal gages at geological stable Newlyn show lots of short-term up and downs, but little net change for over 100 years.]
Coastal dwellers not being warned of rising sea level risk and property prices skewed, says nutty professor
"You may be familiar with his name – Jim Hall was a member of the Committee on Climate Change from 2009 to 2019, so has been peddling the scare for a long time.
"But worse still, he is currently a member of the Prime Minister's Council for Science and Technology, Expert Advisor to the National Infrastructure Commission, and Chair of the Science Advisory Committee of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.
"How do these con merchants get into such positions of authority and influence?"
Changing Cryosphere – Land / Sea Ice
Everybody knows: the glaciers of Montana are disappearing
Hudson Bay sea ice freeze-up in 2022 like the 1980s for the 5th time since 2015
By Susan Crockford, Polar Bear Science, Nov 17, 2022
Lowering Standards
Jenny Harries Caught Lying About Heatwave Deaths
"More recently the claim was repeated by Prof Dame Jenny Harries, the chief executive of the UK Health Security Agency, According to the Guardian."
Met Office Latest Extreme Weather Claims
"For many years, the UK Met Office, under its various guises, was respected as an honest, dependable public service of high integrity. Originally formed in 1854 by Robert Fitzroy, of HMS Beagle fame, it went on to produce the world's first shipping forecast, the first public weather forecast, and world leading advances in the science of weather forecasting.
"Sadly, while there are still many there who are continuing these traditions, the Met Office has been taken over at the top by climate cultists, who are more interested in pushing their agenda than public service.
"Even by their now low standards, their latest attempt to sell the climate scare truly scrapes the bottom of the barrel:"
Communicating Better to the Public – Use Yellow (Green) Journalism?
BBC Admit Their Pakistan Floods Claim Was False
"In fact, these are precisely the sort of checks the BBC should have carried out before making their absurd claim. One which anybody with an ounce of common sense, or integrity, would have immediately suspected was wrong.
"It is doubly ironic that the BBC's defence was that the one third claim had been widely reported across the media. This shows just how utterly corrupt most of the media is nowadays."
An Extreme(ly Nice) Summer
"I see the BBC/Met Office are up to their extreme weather scam again! (Timed to coincide with COP27 of course):"
The Conversation Wants To Stop Africa Developing Gas Reserves
"I don't know why they call themselves The Conversation – as they never include articles which go against the climate agenda!"
Communicating Better to the Public – Make things up.
I'm not a climate scientist but…
No, E&E News, Climate Change Has Not Caused Reno's Rapid Warming
By Anthony Watts, Climate Realism, Nov 14, 2022
Communicating Better to the Public – Go Personal.
Elon Musk: "Klaus Schwab Is LYING!!!"
Elon Musk: "Klaus Schwab Is LYING!!!"
"Elon Musk exposes the WEF:"
Political Video
[SEPP Comment: The WEF may be functionally illiterate!]
Questioning European Green
Green Fascism Looms Behind Veil Of Fake Benevolence…"Much More Radical Groups"
Posted By P Gosselin, No Tricks Zone, Nov 13, 2022
Greens: fascism looming behind a veil of fake benevolence
By Fred F. Mueller
Germany's Compounding Energy Woes: Even Wind Power Industry Is "Sliding Into Crisis"
By P Gosselin, No Tricks Zone, Nov 15, 2022
Questioning Green Elsewhere
Canada's Green New Deal: "To Hell With That" (Premier Moe speaks)
By Robert Bradley Jr., Master Resource, Nov 16, 2022
Largest dam demolition plan in history clears last federal regulatory hurdle
By Julia Mueller, The Hill, Nov 17, 2022
"The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) voted Thursday to approve the plan, which would restore hundreds of miles of the Klamath River and clear the waterway for salmon."
[SEPP Comment: FERC approving destroying about 169 MW of renewable power? How green is that?]
https://www.pacificorp.com/energy/hydro/klamath-river.html#:~:text=Project%20overview-,PacifiCorp's%20169%2Dmegawatt%20(MW)%20Klamath%20Hydroelectric%20Project%20(FERC,needs%20of%20approximately%2070%2C000%20households.
Funding Issues
Biden announces $20B to move Indonesia away from coal
The U.S., Japan and 10 international partners pledge to aid Indonesia's transition to a green economy
By Caitlin McFall, Fox News, Nov 15, 2022
https://www.foxnews.com/politics/biden-announces-20b-move-indonesia-away-coal
EU and US banks fueling climate 'hypocrisy' in Africa
By Wester Van Gall, EU Observer, Nov 15, 2022
https://euobserver.com/green-economy/156424
"Between January 2019 and July 2022, 325 commercial banks channelled over €98bn to companies that are developing new fossil projects in Africa, most of it from North American, European, and Japanese banks."
Litigation Issues
A True Progressive Top Court Takes On Climate Change: The Case Of Germany
By Francis Menton, Manhattan Contrarian, Nov 14, 2022
https://www.manhattancontrarian.com/blog/2022-11-14-how-a-true-progressive-top-court-handles-climate-change-the-case-of-germany
[SEPP Comment: In the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson 7 to 1 decision, the US Supreme Court ruled that "Equal but separate accommodations for whites and blacks imposed by Louisiana do not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment."]
https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/163us537
EPA and other Regulators on the March
Climategate 2.0: EPA's New Social Cost of Greenhouse Gases Report
By Marlo Lewis, Jr. CEI, Nov 17, 2022
https://cei.org/blog/climategate-2-0-epas-new-social-cost-of-greenhouse-gases-report/
The EPA vs. the grid
By Alex Epstein, Energy Talking Points, Nov 16, 2022
http://mail.haapala.com/interface/root#/email
More on 'Independent Commission' SEC Coordinating on 'Climate Risk Disclosure' with Biden White House
By Staff, Government Accountability & Oversight, Nov 10, 2022
[SEPP Comment: The "independent" SEC consulting with the White House on climate risk disclosure rules.]
Energy Issues – Non-US
Africa: The Place where Claims Renewables are Cheaper Go to Die
By Eric Worrall, WUWT, Nov 16, 2022
Electricity access is critical to tackling global poverty, scientists say
By Sharon Udasin, The Hill, Nov 16, 2021
Link to paper: Using machine learning to assess the livelihood impact of electricity access
By Nathan Ratledge, et al. Nature, Nov 16, 2022
"In the context of an expansion of the electrical grid across Uganda, we show how a combination of satellite imagery and computer vision can be used to develop local-level livelihood measurements appropriate for inferring the causal impact of electricity access on livelihoods."
The Autumn Statement
The Autumn Statement is toxic to Britain's prospects and prosperity
Press Release, Net Zero Watch, Nov 18, 2022
Link to: Overview of the November 2022 Economic and fiscal outlook
By Staff, Office for Budget Responsibility, Nov 17, 2022
Overview of the November 2022 Economic and fiscal outlook
"The medium-term fiscal outlook has materially worsened since our March forecast due to a weaker economy, higher interest rates, and higher inflation…"
[SEPP Comment: The economy is performing poorly, so government should raise taxes?]
Energy Issues – Australia
Australia Demands the World Bank Pay for the Renewable Transition
Renewable South Australia Islanded, flying by the seat of their pants, afraid of a solar surge on a sunny day
By Jo Nova, Her Blog, Nov 16, 2022
Energy Issues — US
Is America at a Crossroads?
By Donn Dears, Power For USA, Nov 15, 2022
Thanksgiving gas prices projected to hit record high
By Alexandra Weaver and Nexstar Media Wire, the Hill, Nov 17, 2022
[SEPP Comment: Washington's Anti-inflation Act in action.,]
Tap Oil Fields, Not Our Emergency Reserves, to Lower Energy Prices
By Patrice Douglas, Real Clear Energy, Nov 17, 2022
https://www.realclearenergy.org/articles/2022/11/17/tap_oil_fields_not_our_emergency_oil_reserve_to_lower_energy_prices_865241.html
"In October, OPEC+ announced their intention to slash oil production by 2 million barrels of oil per day. This massive cut will have sharp consequences for Americans – pushing high energy costs even higher. President Biden is running out of ineffective solutions now that he has depleted the SPR to a dangerous low. Instead of utilizing our robust resources at home, President Biden is looking abroad, and even to hostile nations, for answers. In fact, recent reports have revealed that the White House is in talks with Venezuela."
Jones Act Waivers Will Do Nothing to Help With Diesel Shortages or Lower Costs for Consumers
By Ku'uhaku Park, Real Clear Energy, Nov 15, 2022
https://www.realclearenergy.org/articles/2022/11/15/jones_act_waivers_will_do_nothing_to_help_with_diesel_shortages_or_lower_costs_for_consumers_864798.html
Washington State Ban on Natural Gas Heating Is All Cost, No Benefit
By Todd Myers, The Daily Signal, Nov 10, 2022
https://www.dailysignal.com/2022/11/10/washington-state-ban-on-natural-gas-heating-is-all-cost-no-benefit/?utm_source=TDS_Email&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=CapitolBell&mkt_tok=ODI0LU1IVC0zMDQAAAGIK2qzfDb8mEIkanqm0aNjK-Ru9yWqjyM4EcGgliIs42sllgmNcpRNI3_9IW4RafLJdqMKaz3F0vPpJuVhXy0Zyh3qo0c3M3jflobKPfrXpxZCLXE
[SEPP Comment: California style democracy, give unaccountable bureaucrats authoritative powers.]
Return of King Coal?
Not Beyond Coal: Despite Latest IEA Report, China and India Are Building More Coal Plants
By Robert Bryce, Real Clear Energy, Nov 16, 2022
https://www.realclearenergy.org/articles/2022/11/16/not_beyond_coal_despite_latest_iea_report_china_and_india_are_building_more_coal_plants_865205.html
Rich nations stick to coal phase-out as China builds new plants
By Susanna Twidale and Shadia Nasralla, Reuters, Nov 15, 2022
https://www.reuters.com/business/cop/rich-nations-stick-coal-phase-out-plans-china-builds-new-projects-2022-11-15/
Oil Spills, Gas Leaks & Consequences
Freeport Restart Likely Delayed to January
By Michael Sutlan, Energy Intelligence Group. Nov 11, 2022
https://www.energyintel.com/00000184-688f-d8b5-ab9f-ef8f4ffd0001
"Freeport has not even been able to provide a restart plan that incorporates lessons learned from the failures that caused the Jun. 8 explosion."
Alternative, Green ("Clean") Solar and Wind
Dissecting a Wind Project: An Introduction to Bad Economics (and political correctness)
By Bill Schneider, Master Resource, Nov 14, 2022
Reality Bites Joe Biden's Gulf of Mexico Wind Dreams
By Duggan Flanakin, Real Clear Energy, Nov 15, 2022
https://www.realclearenergy.org/articles/2022/11/15/reality_bites_joe_bidens_gulf_of_mexico_wind_dreams_864793.html
Alternative, Green ("Clean") Energy — Other
As Green Policies Cause Energy Prices To Explode, Deforestation In Europe Accelerates
Alternative, Green ("Clean") Energy — Storage
Solar and Stand-Alone Development Incentives
By Anna Laird & Sara Sayles Real Clear Energy, Nov 14, 2022
https://www.realclearenergy.org/articles/2022/11/14/leveraging_solar_and_stand-alone_development_incentives_in_the_federal_inflation_act_864788.html
"The IRA provides two main avenues for tax credits: Investment Tax Credits (ITCs) that reduce tax liability by a dollar amount calculated from a percentage of eligible investment costs; and Production Tax Credits (PTCs) measured in a fixed amount of dollars per kilowatt hour (kWh) of capacity developed. Under the IRA, project managers choose whether to access ITCs or PTCs. However, only ITCs are available to stand-alone storage projects."
"Projects under one megawatt alternating current (MWac) receive a base ITC of 30% for 10 years, followed by a two-year credit phase-down from 30% to 0%. These projects have the ability to qualify for increases of 10-20% in additional credits for meeting domestic content minimums, siting in an energy community, or serving low-income communities."
Alternative, Green ("Clean") Vehicles
EVs are a blast
Carbon Schemes
Energy secretary touts US announcements at UN climate conference
By Zack Budryk, The Hill, Nov 17, 2022
The Department of Energy said Thursday, May 19, 2022, it will release $3.5 billion to groups developing direct air capture and other technologies that remove carbon dioxide, which when released into the atmosphere causes global warming.
Environmental Industry
Celebrating War as Climate Win Makes Red True Color of "Greens"
By Vijay Jayaraj, Real Clear Energy, Nov 16, 2022
https://www.realclearenergy.org/articles/2022/11/16/celebrating_war_as_climate_win_makes_red_true_color_of_greens_865303.html
FTX's crypto ponzi scam was also a green scam
FTX worked hard on its green image, something its founder now admits was just a con
By Paul Homewood, Net Zero Watch, Nov 18, 2022
Other Scientific News
Scientifically Illiterate America
Citizens must have a basic knowledge of science to understand today's policy issues.
By: Henry I. Miller, Hoover Institution, Nov 29, 2017
https://www.hoover.org/research/scientifically-illiterate-america
Other News that May Be of Interest
Baroness Brown's Conflict of Interest
"Indeed, she seems to have had a long involvement with the WEF. In 2012 she wrote article for their website, which listed her as a member of the WEF Council even then.
"The CCC claims to be 'independent'. If this is the case, her position with the CCC is not compatible with her membership of an avowedly political organisation which in particular campaigns for an extreme climate agenda.
"She should resign or be fired."
[SEPP Comment: The CCC is UK's Climate Change Committed.]
BELOW THE BOTTOM LINE
Claim: Climate Models Are Imprecise, Because Psychologists Were Not Consulted
Link to: Climate change and human behaviour
Editorial, Nature Human Behaviour Nov 16, 2022
Link to: The Artificial Production of Carbon Dioxide and Its Influence on Temperature
By G.S. Callendar, The Royal Meteorological Society, 1938
https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/qj.49706427503
Proof that carbon taxes work
The Climate Crisis Fight Is the Moonshot of Our Time
The rise in destructive hurricanes, wildfires, draught and extreme heat have made the danger clear —action must be taken. Rolling Stone and over 30 media organizations call for wealthy countries to pay up and to quit their addiction to fossil fuels and increase the development of renewable energy sources
Editorial, Rolling Stone, Nov 14, 2022
https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/political-commentary/climate-crisis-fight-is-now-the-moonshot-of-our-time-1234630793/
"The UN process may not be perfect. But it has provided nations with a target to save the planet, which must be pursued at Cop27 to stave off an existential risk to humanity."
1) Venezuela Joins the Great Climate Con
Maduro wants rich-world reparations for the environmental damage he caused.
By Mary Anastasia O'Grady, WSJ, Nov. 13, 2022
https://www.wsj.com/articles/venezuela-joins-the-great-climate-con-nicolas-maduro-cop27-emissions-polluter-south-america-socialist-oil-11668365005
The veteran journalist on Latin America writes:
"Venezuelan dictator Nicolás Maduro showed up at the annual United Nations climate summit in the Egyptian seaside resort of Sharm El-Sheikh last week blaming capitalism for environmental degradation in the developing world. Naturally Mr. Maduro's solution is for rich countries to hand over money to poor ones—like his.
"It's tempting to dismiss the 27th Conference of the Parties, or COP27, as little more than an international convention of John Kerry-type gas bags letting off hot air. Not good for the world's emissions score but otherwise meaningless.
"Nevertheless, those who work for a living in the developed world might want to pay attention. Mr. Maduro, who is an egregious polluter, is asking the U.N. to help him and his fellow socialists in Colombia and Brazil pick your pocket in the name of the environment. As he put it in comments to journalists on his arrival in Egypt, he wants the 'powerful' nations to commit to a plan 'to finance the recuperation of the Amazon.'
"Mr. Maduro had already left the gathering of global grifters when President Biden—who wants the U.S. to buy Venezuelan oil—arrived on Friday. But video circulating on social media showed Mr. Kerry shaking hands and politely engaging, via a translator, with the Venezuelan earlier in the week."
After mentioning that French president also looked foolish, she states:
"If human lives matter at all to the international community, Mr. Maduro ought to be barred from its meetings. Under his rule, dissidents are imprisoned in dungeons, student protesters are beaten and sometimes killed, and food supplies, controlled by the government, are used as a political weapon.
"A U.N. human-rights report released in July 2019 found that detainees were subjected to torture, including 'asphyxiation, electric shock, broken bones, being hung by their limbs, and being forced to spend hours on their knees.' They are frequently denied medical care, it said.
"In March 2020 the Justice Department charged Mr. Maduro and 14 other current and former high-ranking Venezuelan officials with having 'partnered with the FARC to use cocaine as a weapon to 'flood' ' the U.S. The U.S. is offering a reward of up to $15 million for 'information leading to the arrest and/or conviction of' Mr. Maduro.
"Nevertheless, the Venezuelan gangster flitted around COP27 with an air of legitimacy. This was all the more surprising because Mr. Maduro's criminality extends to the environment."
After discussing the environmental damage being done by the government of Venezuela, Ms. O'Grady concludes:
"If the U.N. wants its environmental confabs to be taken seriously, it should disinvite clowns like Mr. Maduro."
Tags: twtw
Energy Crisis: German Minister President Suggests Heating One Room in Winter Is Enough
COP27 Is a Down Payment on Disaster
strativarius
Finally…. At last…. the COP is over and those with tickets will hop on over to Qatar, where the 21st century will be baffled by the norms of the 7th century. The overtly virtuous ones can keep it.
The BBC (R4 Today) rounded off the COP with the most moronic statement I have heard for some time: "We are dumping Carbon dioxide in the sky" – Amol Rajan.
And that, for me at least, pretty much said it all.
Last edited 2 months ago by strativarius
Dodgy Geezer
Reply to strativarius
In round figures, a drop of 1ppm of CO2 results in an agricultural yield drop of 1%.
No one seems to be asking how the world will cope with drastically reduced food provision….
Reply to Dodgy Geezer
They know it won't.
The greens want few people- and more insects. 🙂
Ireneusz Palmowski
More snow in the Great Lakes region.
Is it already winter in the southern US?
The temperature in the Nino 4 region shows how durable La Nina is.
Most of the extreme poverty is in Africa, where the UN, WEF, and other "do-good" organizations are unwittingly trying to stop economic growth.
Er…what makes you think it's 'unwitting'?
 IF Africa gains economic growth, THEN there will be no more poverty and inequality, and THEN there will be no work or justification for 'the UN, WEF, and other "do-good" organizations'…..
Last edited 2 months ago by Dodgy Geezer
The long-lasting La Nina is having a strong impact on East Africa. Certainly, water deposits are found at greater depths. Deep wells are needed.
Nice photo at the top- is that Bryce Canyon? I love the "red rock" region of the American soutwest- so alien to this New Englander. When I go there my perpetual sinus problem goes away.
Yes, it is Bryce.
Reply to Charles Rotter
I backpacked down into it back in '76 Along the trail I saw mountain lion tracks in the dried mud. That got my attention. It's a gorgeous park. I love geology- perhaps should have major in it rather than forestry. It enhances my appreciation of landscapes.
I love the high desert of the American Southwest, from Mono Lake to Arches and much more I'm sure I've missed.
It's even colder over Hudson Bay and the Great Lakes.
Kevin Kilty
Reply to Ireneusz Palmowski
You made a good call two weeks ago on outbreak of arctic air…
Reply to Kevin Kilty
A wave of Arctic air is now reaching the Great Lakes and the northeast of the US.
antigtiff
What if…..what if the Warmists got everything they wanted? What crusade fraud would they launch next?
Time to have a prediction pool on NG and Oil prices in 6 month increments…just for fun!
Prediction Factors
Defanged Putin– less pull on OPEC
Biden gives Saudi Prince US immunity in Khashoggi Murder Case, OPEC more favorable to US concern about sky high energy prices
LNG market is heating up globally.
Heating oil and gasoline went up 76% since this time last year.
Biden will try to get reelected and knows he can't do it with sky high energy and food prices.
Renewables a non-factor
Fear mongering is wearing thin globally, Fear mongering topics during the mid-term election only concerned 3% or less of the American public.
Less an less people listen to or believe the media, especially those who are profiting from it and it shows.
Colluded energy and food prices and inflation will cause a tech recession if not full blown global recession, which will put demand destruction jitters on OPEC and global energy cartels.
Oil is already taking 2.5%. 3.0%nose dive today.
Every time oil drops and gas prices drop 50% or more PA increases gas/carbon taxes, now we have the highest gas tax of 56 cents/gal and we still elected Fetterman. I guess that pays for all the free electricity for the E-V charging PODS going up everywhere.
May 21,2023, WTI Crude is below $60
Reply to JC
PA income distribution from the working people to the elite EV drivers via free electricity and high gas tax/carbon tax. How does that fly politically? It should fly like an lead albatross but flies just fine because no one knows anything anymore because our media stinks.
Correction: 1% decline in WTI crude….but is highly volatile today.
P. Grossline's Post, on Germany's recommendation to heat just one room…. just annoys me. Not because I don't agree that the climate/leveraged/motivated politicians do not have the best interests of their people in mind. It's just Old news! The post is nothing more than a call to political bashing, which is kind of boring after a while. Give me some facts and analysis.
A Few known items:
Germany has plenty of fuel to make it through the winter with natural gas prices dropping steadily in the past 2-3 months
Germany has proven Natural gas reserves, enough to meet it's current demand for almost 200 years. Could they frack it and meet their own supply needs? Yes, they could frack but they made more money brokering Gazprom natural gas…now they're skewered a little.
Germany has enough coal to heat their homes for untold years.
Germany can has enough wood to heat their homes forever.
Germany is building LNG ports as fast as they can
Germany bought into Gazprom and got snookered but profited heavily until Putin went nutso.
Germany shut down most or all their Nuke power plants to transition to natural gas and wind.
Everyone knows wind sucks. North Sea wind boondoggle, without planning for back up what is up with the German voters?
Germans will likely pay less to heat their homes than many Americans this year.
PA heating oil went up 74%, Natural Gas went up 20% in Germany in the same 12 month time period up to 11/3/2022. So why warble about Germany's suffering?
I am heating only my office to 66 degrees the rest of the house in 58 cause heating oil almost doubled. Who cares about Germany…phooey.
Bottom Line: Germans need to pay far more attention to the facts of their energy policy and what they're politicians are saying otherwise they are complicit in their own suffering by ignorance and silence just like us Americans.
Problem: Globalized Centrally controlled energy commodities markets brokered by politicians, sheiks, Chairman's, Paranoid, Tzars, Ayatollahs/Corporations, means someone will always get skewered, right now it isn't just the Germans it US.
Suppose that due to the weak solar cycle, La Niña will last another year. It's hard to imagine the hysteria that would engulf "climate scientists."
I am a devoted supporter of anyone promoting rational, scientific approaches to claims made by scientific illiterates, the innumerate, and the superstitious. However, we do ourselves some damage through suspicious claims and these are sometimes made by the best of us.
There is for example the utterly bogus claim that the Second Law prohibits heat transfer from a cold atmosphere to a warmer surface — this is true only for "net" transfer; a photon released from a cold CO2 molecule has no idea what the temperature was upon release and has no clue as to the temperaure a surface toward which it heads.
Lately I read about Le Chatelier's principle being applied to the question of climate feedbacks. For example, just within this article
In accordance with Le Chatelier's principle, most feedbacks of natural systems are negative, not positive.
I have never found Le Chatelier applied to anything but chemical systems. In thermodynamics textbooks targeted for mechanical engineering curriculum I have never found the term anywhere. It goes without saying that I have never seen it used in any text about mechanics. I have never found it in textbooks on heat transfer and there is probably a good reason for this. Le Chatelier, or the principle of moderation as I see it labelled sometimes, applies to states of stable equilibrium and what is missing I think is any discussion of stability of present states. Perhaps some modification of Le Chatelier will apply to states very near equilibrium, but heat transport occurs in non-equilibrium state some of which are far from equilibrium.
In another example I have read the criticisms of IPCC use (or non-use) of stefan-Boltzmans by Prof. Hayden and those of Willis E. which appear to be similar. These appear to me to misunderstand radiation transport through an active atmosphere and I sent an essay to WUWT in response some two months ago or more. I doubt it will ever appear.
We really need to be careful about "proofs" and very broad claims relying on alleged principles as they can serve to undermine our position.
But the scientific dataset [Meta's] Galactica is trained on makes it a little different from other LLMs. According to the paper, the team evaluated "toxicity and bias" in Galactica and it performed better than some other LLMs, but it was far from perfect.
Carl Bergstrom, a professor of biology at the University of Washington who studies how information flows, described Galactica as a "random bullshit generator." It doesn't have a motive and doesn't actively try to produce bullshit, but because of the way it was trained to recognize words and string them together, it produces information that sounds authoritative and convincing — but is often incorrect.
That's a concern, because it could fool humans, even with a disclaimer.
https://www.cnet.com/science/meta-trained-an-ai-on-48-million-science-papers-it-was-shut-down-after-two-days/


text:
You are here: Home > Inland Empire / So Cal April Homes Sales Report
Inland Empire / So Cal April Homes Sales Report
By Brad Yzermans on May 20, 2010 in Home Sales Report
Leslie Berkman from the PressEnterprise just wrote this article on the April 2009 / 2010 homes sales comparison. With fewer price-slashed foreclosed houses for sale in Inland Southern California, sales declined last month while prices rose compared to a year earlier.
In San Bernardino County, home sales fell more sharply than anywhere else in Southern California, tumbling more than 12 percent year-to-year to 2,744, according to a report released Tuesday by MDA DataQuick.
The sales decline in Riverside County was the second largest, falling almost 8 percent from April, 2009, to 4,117.
A corresponding 8.3 percent year-over-year increase in the median price of homes sold in April in both Inland counties — to $198,000 in Riverside County and $152,000 in San Bernardino County — was credited by DataQuick analyst Andrew LePage primarily to a dramatically smaller percentage of bank-owned houses sold.
In Riverside County last month, bank-repossessed houses represented about 45 percent of all existing home sales, sharply down from nearly 69 percent in April 2009.
In San Bernardino County, bank-owned houses made up nearly 53 percent of sales in April but that also was down from about 69 percent a year earlier.
The diminished volume of distressed sales was important to the price bump-up last month in Riverside and San Bernardino counties because it meant more homes were sold at higher prices in standard sales, LePage said.
In addition, he said, home prices were buoyed because there were fewer homes available for sale, so that in some communities first-time buyers and investors bid up prices with multiple offers.
Pete Nyiri, a Corona-based marketer of bank-owned properties, and other industry experts contend there is a pent-up inventory of homes with delinquent mortgages but that lenders are taking a long time to foreclose and very slowly releasing foreclosed houses for sale in order to prevent values from tanking again.
"The good piece of news is that house prices have stopped falling for over a year now," said Richard Green, director of USC's Lusk Center for Real Estate.
"Homeowners are no more upside down than they were a year ago and new loans for new home purchases are all solid," Green said. "It makes lenders more confident that they can lend and consumers more confident about buying."
Green said that "given how far home prices fell in the Inland Empire, unless the job picture worsens it is hard for me to imagine they will fall more. In many cases, on a cash flow basis, it is cheaper to own than to rent now."
Some of the sales decline in April, DataQuick said, may have been caused by buyers delaying escrows to take advantage of new state tax credits for homes bought starting May 1. Also those who rushed to sign a sales contract before the April 30 deadline for a federal homebuyer tax credit would close their sales in May or June.
Leslie Appleton-Young, chief economist for the California Association of Realtors, said she wouldn't be surprised to see a dip in home sales in the second half of the year after all government incentives are exhausted. But she predicted that affordability of houses will draw buyers back.
"The market's still taking baby steps on a long road to recovery, trying to find its footing," said MDA DataQuick President John Walsh in releasing Tuesday's report. "It's unclear which of today's sales characteristics are part of a new reality, and which are still temporary turbulence."
Beacon Economics economist Chris Thornberg said he expects that when government homebuyer incentives end and interest rates rise, home sales will suffer but the market will not collapse. "I think we are moving in the right direction," Thornberg said. "But it will take time."
Reach Leslie Berkman at 951-368-9423 or lberkman@PE.com
April, Home Sales, Inand Empire, Riverside, San Bernardino, Southern California
The Right Way To Document A Cash Gift For Downpayment
Home Opportunity Index Ranks 225 Metro Areas For Affordability

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


To which lake shall we go?
A couple of years ago, The Ranger offered thoughts and safety tips about camping. He's back this summer, enthusiastic about Southern Oregon lakes and safety, reminding us, "Nature is dynamic, not static." He will help guide us through a sampling of lakes in our region, some an hour or two away, others requiring a weekend for travel time and enjoyment once you arrive.
Nearby mile-high Hyatt Lake offers fishing, a campground, a picnic pavilion and fireplace, and abundant wildlife viewing. Rental boats are available, including eight-person pontoon boats. The resort has a restaurant for those who would rather someone else do the cooking. Hyatt Lake is located in the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument, the first U.S. National monument set aside solely for the preservation of biodiversity, and features plant life found only there and in parts of Alaska.
Howard Prairie Lake has tent and RV sites and showers. Visitors can also rent lodging and eat at the restaurant. For decades, people drove to Howard Prairie for soft serve ice cream, and the tradition continues today. An earthen jetty in the large marina allows access for those with limited mobility. You'll see sailboats at Howard Prairie, and their owners formed a yacht club, bringing to mind blue blazers, brass buttons, and white flannel trousers; but this is dressed-down Oregon. The club sponsors sailing competitions and regattas. Boat fuel is available for purchase. You might enjoy the nearby butterfly habitat, as well as mountain views and sunsets. Historically, the region around both Hyatt and Howard Prairie Lakes was summer range for cattle. A few buildings from that era remain.
The Ranger describes Fish Lake as having a calm, sedate atmosphere, a place for "old geezers like me"—which he isn't. There's a 10-mph boat speed limit, and you can rent boats, including a party barge. It's a fisherman's paradise, the only one in Southern Oregon with tiger trout (catch and release). The two big campgrounds have flush toilets, an important amenity to some. The trails are doable for all ages and abilities, and High Lakes Trail connects Fish Lake with Lake of the Woods. One end of the trail accommodates cyclists, and doesn't require a high-end bike to navigate the terrain. The southern end of the Sky Lakes Wilderness is accessible from this area. Come winter, Fish Lake draws ice fisher folks, although just now we're into shorts and sandals, not parkas.
Lake of the Woods is another lake less than two hours away for most Rogue Valley residents. High speeds are allowed and a few boaters crank up the music, causing some to call it a party lake. Still, many people own family cabins their parents purchased and they, now retired, enjoy a low-key summer experience, pleased to watch their grand and great-grandchildren play as they once did. Over 200 cabins surround the lake; the first one built in 1870 by Captain O.C. Applegate, the man who named the lake. The oldest still standing was built in 1912. Lake of the Woods has a more steady lake level than others, and a boat ramp, campgrounds, a restaurant and store. The local YMCA holds a weeklong summer camp there. Here, too, there's ice fishing in winter. My granddaughter Renee and I spent a Saturday at the lake and saw boats, canoes, paddle surfers, and empty pedal boats. We enjoyed great weather, kids' fishing derby, biking, and canoeing. At sunset she sat dockside and received a private art lesson from a friend.
At Fourmile Lake, another close-by lake, folks can experience a more basic and primitive lake/camping experience with no extra amenities. You can drive in on a light duty gravel road, sedans okay. The Fourmile area provides access to the east side of Sky Lakes Wilderness.
The Sky Lakes Wilderness has several basins with a number of lakes and trails, a more natural area. Many trails are limited to hikers or pack animals, and the region features panoramic views and close proximity to the Pacific Crest Trail. At the start of the season beware of late snows and tons of bugs. Research before heading out to check the weather, and which trails are open and their condition.
As you head to many of these lakes, keep an eye out for mounds of lava rock, testament to the region's geological history. Check individual websites for summer activities—fireworks (Lake of the Woods), movies, ranger talks, live entertainment, and more. Rental boats and cabins are available at some lakes. Some allow water sports, others do not. And if you feel winded, it's not just the breathtaking views. Many of these lakes sit at elevations of over 4-5,000 feet. The brave can swim if they choose. Each lake has its own fishing restrictions beyond state regulations, and some offer fish cleaning stations. Unique plants dot the landscape, and mushroom hunters can go on a search at some locations.
Close to Ashland, Emigrant Lake now has decent water levels following the drought. The lake offers boating and fishing opportunities, camping facilities, and a pavilion available for events. Its best feature, according to some, is the giant waterslide. Check the website to make sure the slide is operational the day you want to go.
Willow Lake, set at the base of Mt. McLoughlin, has a small number of rental cabins and yurts, a picnic area, a boat ramp, and a swim beach. It's a good place to reel in catfish, bass, bluegill, and trout. If fishing isn't your thing, Willow Lake is a great for hiking and swimming, or just relaxing.
Upper Klamath Lake (sometimes called Klamath Lake) is the largest natural lake in Oregon and the largest freshwater body west of the Rockies, thirty miles long and up to eight miles wide. One of its unique features is a canoe trail, 9.5 miles through a dramatic mix of marsh, open lake, and forest. From shore or on the water, visitors can view wildlife or reel in almost a dozen varieties of fish, with a one-fish limit on larger fish. This lake also has sailing and a local yacht club.
Lost Creek Lake is a reservoir on the Rogue River with a marina, boat ramps, and fish cleaning stations. Nature trails and picnic areas are there for a day's outing, with camping facilities also available. The visitors' center features nature displays and information. Part of your outing might include a visit to a nearby fish hatchery, always an interesting stop for kids. Rafters can launch at McGregor Park for a float down the Rogue River, and power boaters have a lot of water surface to move on.
We're lucky to have a national park in our backyard, and a splendid one at that. The unbelievably blue lake is between the seventh and ninth deepest in the world and filled exclusively from snow melt. Crater Lake National Park attracts around a half-million visitors yearly. Some folks come to view the lake and take the rim drive, others to hike or bike. For the intrepid, a 1.1 mile hike to the lake is the ticket—easy going down, notably strenuous going back up, due to the 11% grade. I thought I'd die, but my older brother just walked right up. The Pacific Crest Trail passes through the park. Fishing is allowed, but there are tight restrictions, so check it out first. The park has picnic tables, restaurants and shops, and the historic lodge is worth a peek or a stay.
Less than an hour west out of Grants Pass, Selmac Lake offers boating, fishing, swimming, and camping (including RV). There's a boathouse, a general store, and hiking trails. Horses are allowed on designated trails.
Diamond Lake, north of Crater Lake, has incredible views of Mt. Thielsen, a peak also known as the lightning rod of the Cascades. Boaters have a choice of five ramps and are limited to 10-mph. Four campgrounds offer numerous sites and include picnic tables, restrooms, showers, garbage bins, and some have RV hookups. The South Shore Picnic Area has a playground, volleyball court, horseshoe pits, a swimming beach, and picnic accommodations. There's a motel and several styles of cabins, and a restaurant if you didn't pack your own food. You might consider horseback riding while you're there. If you like the area, you might go back in the winter for ice fishing and snowmobiling.
Squaw Lakes (Big and Little) out of Ruch are accessible by vehicle, but you have to park then haul your camping equipment. Only paddleboats are allowed on the lake, making it a great place to canoe or raft and enjoy the wildlife.
About 10 miles up the road from Squaw Lakes is Applegate Lake, a long lake with several arms. The Applegate Recreation Area has four camp parks nearby, two day-use swimming areas, and dry RV parking available. Hikers can take trails that follow the 17.5-mile shoreline. The 10-mph boat speed makes it a great place to slow down and enjoy the scenery. On an outing with friends, Renee and I went almost-kayaking. Not a new sport, just a great activity cut short by thunder and lightning and rain. The campsites and store are operated seasonally.
The Ranger feels people see a forest ranger as a person somewhere between an adult Eagle Scout and a Canadian Mountie—a rugged, independent individual who advocates for and protects both nature and man. "My emphasis is on public safety." He underlines the need to plan and the wherewithal to survive if disaster, major or minor, strikes. Carry essential survival equipment: waterproof matches in a container, candle or other fire starter material, space blanket, garbage bag or waterproof poncho, knife, whistle, signal mirror, extra clothing/food/water, detailed map of the area, compass, flashlight, first aid kit, metal cup, 30' nylon shroud line. Hopefully it all stays stowed. Leave a detailed trip plan with a responsible person, including names and physical descriptions of your fellow travelers, and a description and license plate numbers of all vehicles. Go slow on forest roads for safety and out of respect for others, the environment, and forest life.
Fire safety is crucial. As Smokey Bear famously advises: "Remember, only YOU can prevent forest fires." Light campfires only if allowed or safe, put them out, and be prepared if one gets out of control.
Water safety is also crucial. Know how to swim, teach your kids how, always use personal floatation devices, and remember that mountain lake water is cold. Check on lake conditions and keep an eye on weather—waves and lightning can change a fun outing into a tragedy in moments. Know what to do in such conditions. (Check the National Weather Service site.) The Ranger cautions against excessive drinking and boating, reminding folks that the combination can be as deadly on the water as it is on the highway. Boaters are reminded to never launch a dirty boat, and to clean, scrub, drain and dry their boats afterward to help stop the spread of highly destructive water life, plants, diseases, and viruses.


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
Index Fungorum

#### Published in
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#### Original name
Eupenicillium mexicanum Paden

### Remarks
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Giorgi Papuaschwili (; * 26. Dezember 1972 in Tiflis) ist ein georgischer Politiker. Der Rechts- und Politikwissenschaftler war von Februar 2004 bis Februar 2005 Justizminister Georgiens. Von Februar 2005 bis zum Juli 2006 war er Umweltschutzminister. Seither ist er Richter am georgischen Verfassungsgericht.

Leben
Er studierte an der Fakultät für internationales Recht und internationale Beziehungen der Staatlichen Universität Tiflis. 1995 legte er dort das Magisterexamen in Rechts- und Politikwissenschaft mit Auszeichnung ab.

Von 1996 bis 1999 arbeitete er als Referent des Rechtsausschusses des georgischen Parlaments unter dem Vorsitz Micheil Saakaschwilis. Zugleich studierte er an der politikwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Mitteleuropäischen Universität Budapest, erwarb den Masters-Abschluss, war Praktikant beim Europarat, der Europäischen Union und verschiedenen US-amerikanischen Entwicklungshilfe-Agenturen. 1999 wechselte er als Stipendiat des Edmund S. Muskie Graduate Fellowship Program zur American University nach Washington, wo er 2004 ein juristisches Aufbaustudium abschloss. Anschließend wurde er Leiter des rechtswissenschaftlichen und Anti-Korruptions-Programms der Open Society Stiftung in Georgien.

Präsident Saakaschwili berief ihn im Januar 2004 zu seinem juristischen Berater. Am 17. Februar 2004 wählte ihn das Parlament zum Justizminister Georgiens. Nach dem Tode Surab Schwanias wurde er unter Premierminister Surab Nogaideli Umweltschutzminister. Am 21. Juli 2006 wurde er aus dem Amt entlassen und von Präsident Saakaschwili zum Richter am georgischen Verfassungsgericht ernannt.

Papuaschwili ist verheiratet und hat zwei Kinder. Er spricht englisch und russisch.

Schriften
 Georgian Law Review: Giorgi Papuashvili: Präsidialsysteme in postsowjetischen Ländern: Das Beispiel Georgien, Ausg. 3, 1999 (PDF-Datei; 350 kB)
Legislation on Political Organizations of Foreign Countries. In: Center for Strategic Research and Development of Georgia (Hrsg.): Bulletin N1, Tbilisi (o. J.)
Information on Organic Law on Political Organizations of Georgia. In: Center for Strategic Research and Development of Georgia (Hrsg.): Bulletin N10, Tbilisi (o. J.)
Existed Constitutional Regime in Georgia: Problems and Perspectives. In: Center for Strategic Research and Development of Georgia (Hrsg.): Bulletin N26, Tbilisi (o. J.)

Weblinks
 Georgisches Verfassungsgericht: Lebenslauf Giorgi Papuaschwili

Umweltminister (Georgien)
Richter (Georgien)
Richter (Verfassungsgericht)
Sportler (Tiflis)
Georgier
Geboren 1972
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The goal of the Post-Master's Certificate in Emergency Care for Family Nurse Practitioners is to prepare graduates for successful practice in the rapidly evolving field of emergency care. The program provides didactic and clinical knowledge to care for patients across the life span in emergency care settings.
Career opportunities include emergency departments (EDs), critical access hospitals, fast-track EDs, freestanding urgent care clinics, convenient care clinics, and correctional facilities. Graduates are eligible to sit for the Emergency Nurse Practitioner Certification (ENP-C) examination through the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners Certification Board (AANPCB).


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Authorities say Andrew Hammond, who was indicted for murder and convicted of manslaughter in 2010, is accused of shooting a man in the leg on Saturday.
A man convicted in a Lincoln County homicide in 2010 is now wanted by police in a Saturday shooting.
Authorities say Andrew Hammond, who was indicted for murder and convicted of manslaughter in the death of 45-year-old Bubba Thompson, is accused of shooting a man in the leg on Saturday.
Hammond was released from prison in November 2014.
Sheriff Steve Rushing said Saturday's shooting occurred on Wellman Drive as Hammond and the victim allegedly fought over some property at a mutual friend's home.
The victim was taken to King's Daughters Medical Center in Brookhaven and from there to the University of Mississippi Medical Center. His injuries are not believed to be life-threatening.
Rushing said the shooting occurred following a dispute by the two men over some property. The shooting was at the home of the mutual friend, Rushing said.
In 2010, Hammond was dating Thompson's daughter Gena, who had just had brain surgery. Thompson had gone to his daughter's house to check on her when Hammond shot him to death.
He was sentenced to a 20-year prison term, with 10 years suspended and five years of post-release supervision.
There was conflicting testimony in the case as to whether Hammond felt threatened that night by Thompson, who did not approve of the relationship, or if he saw an opportunity to shoot him and took it. Hammond's attorneys argued that he had been living with Gena and had the right to defend himself. The prosecution argued he had been waiting for Thompson and premeditated the shooting.
If have any information on Hammond's whereabouts, please call the Lincoln County Sheriff's Department at 601-833-5231 or Brookhaven/ Lincoln County Crime Stoppers at 601-823-0150.


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Friday, October 19th (link)
11:15 am-11:55 am Meditation, Mindfulness, and Stress Reduction Allee Chapel
Cultivate a more relaxed expanded awareness and life stance, skillful relationship with fear, sense of oneness with all, and ways of being a channel for healing energies, peace, and compassion in the world. Enfolds ancient Eastern and Western contemplative spiritual wisdom traditions and related mind-body-spirit-breath practices, as well as secular variations. Sponsored and led by the chaplain and Spiritual Life.
3:15 pm Music Seminar Student Recital Ringer Recital Studio
4:00 pm-5:30 pm Faculty Social Van Etten-Lacey House
Sponsored by the Center for the Literary Arts.
7:00 pm Volleyball @ Carroll University
7:30 pm Theatre Production: "Romeo and Juliet" Kimmel Theatre
"Two households, both alike in dignity, in fair Verona where we lay our scene . . ." The opening lines of Shakespeare's most beloved story of star crossed lovers are as haunting today as they were when he wrote "Romeo and Juliet" over 400 years ago. This heartbreaking tale of love, jealousy, and misguided parenting still promises to mesmerize audiences today. The show runs Oct. 12-13 and 19-20 at 7:30 p.m. and Oct. 21 at 2 p.m. in Kimmel Theatre. Tickets are $10 for adults, and $7 for seniors/students/youth. Free for faculty, staff, and students. For tickets contact the Box Office at 319-895-4293. Due to violence and brief nudity, viewer discretion is advised.
Ongoing Events:
Sep 16th-Oct 21st Doug Hanson Retrospective art exhibit Peter Paul Luce Gallery
ics format for events on Friday, October 19th rss format for events on Friday, October 19th


This non-alcoholic dry wine consists mainly of Cabernet Sauvignon wines of good structure and purity what is typical of this grape variety from France. This wine has a strong red colour, a fruity aroma and is rich in minerals and tannins. This red wine is delicious to combine with meat dishes.


The omnipresent absentee? Challenges in researching the Kurdistan Workers' Party in Europe and Turkey Marlies Casier UGent (2018) Methodological approaches in Kurdish studies : theoretical and practical insights from the field.
Globalized authoritarianism : megaprojects, slums, and class relations in urban Morocco Koenraad Bogaert UGent (2018) In Globalization and Community Series 28.


Hanging baskets are a much loved method for featuring favorite plants hanging in well-selected places at home, either indoors or outside. This article provides a brief rundown on preparing a hanging basket before planting.
Line the basket. Lining a basket helps to keep the soil in place and reduces the need for watering; it also neatens the appearance of the basket. The best lining for a hanging basket is sphagnum moss. This works especially well with hanging baskets that are wire based. Another lining that can be substituted for sphagnum moss is polythene; be sure to punch some holes in the base of this lining to allow the water to seep through and ensure good drainage. For the most successful water retention and reduced need to water in large baskets, combine sphagnum moss and polythene linings (polythene over the sphagnum moss, with small holes poked in the polythene).
Select strong plants that are appropriate for growing in a basket. The best plants to use in a new hanging basket are well-established plants that are either flowering or are close to flowering. Arrange large plants first and tuck in smaller plants around these, including trailing plants at the edge. There is a huge variety of plants that work well in hanging baskets; some plants that are ideal for hanging baskets include: Lobelia, Gypsophila (baby's breath), Nasturtiums, Geraniums (long-flowering), Hoya, Verbena, Fuschias, Begonias, Pansies, Polyanthus.
Hang well. Once the basket is filled with soil and plants, it is heavy. Be sure to have a sturdy surface to stand on for hanging (such as a step ladder correctly placed so that it won't wobble). Make sure that the hooks used to hang the baskets are very strong; the basket will become even heavier after each watering.
Place in good positions. Where you place your hanging baskets will depend in large part on the reasons behind why you want them. Perhaps you want to disguise something that isn't so pretty, perhaps you want to brighten up an area or perhaps you simply want a brilliant display of flowers that you love. Be guided by the reasons that drive you. Also be considerate of the plants' needs; few plants can withstand full sunshine or full shade when they are planted in a hanging basket.
Keep watered. Depending on the temperature and the plant type, hanging baskets may need to be watered daily. Get a good quality watering can or a plastic container with a nozzle that reaches high; you can squeeze the water up from the container through the nozzle and into the plant to save you having to reach to high places.


In yet another attempt to undermine everything Rangers, the Scottish press has resorted to inaccurate translation of Borna Barisic's words to the press in order to perpetuate a myth that the mood is 'sad' at Ibrox.
The Croat international was speaking to the media before his nation's upcoming 2020 qualifying double header, and admitted his start to life at Ibrox hadn't been the best.
BIG difference between shaken and sad, ladies and gentlemen. One suggests players are angry, shaken, will get over it and want to make amends, the other implies the mood has gone depressed and the outlook is gloomy, which is massively worse.
Not like our home-grown press to make things up, is it? Almost like one got it wrong, and the rest just copied the story without bothering to double check.
100% media against us 100% SPFL both Teams and Clubs and last but not least SFA !!!! It's so glaring and obvious now they don't even hide or disguise it.


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text:
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Are You Using the Right I-9 Form?
You might not be aware that the U.S. government recently updated the I-9 form that you've been accustomed to handing your new hires. This employment form, which has had several updates since its birth in 1987, has moved into the 21st century with its new "smart" version.
Technically, hiring managers were required to start using the new version from January 22, 2017 onward. But many small business owners (maybe even you) have been unaware of its existence. Not complying in use of the new I-9 form comes with penalties that could range from $216 to $2,156.
The I-9 penalty fees for mistakes, as well as for using an outdated form, recently increased because of an anticipated spike in Immigrations and Customs Enforcement audits. So expect ICE to scrutinize your employees' I-9s in the future and review all I-9 forms to reduce errors. The new digital form will help with this.
The biggest change to note
The most exciting update to the I-9 is the fact that it can now be filled out online, minimizing the risk of errors or difficult-to-read handwriting. The digital form must still be printed and signed by your employee, or you can work with an electronic I-9 vendor who can process it digitally.
The digital PDF version of the I-9 is actually great news for your company. Rather than bombarding a new hire with a stack of papers to fill out on her first day, you can email her the link to the I-9 ahead of time and ask her to fill it out, then print and sign it on her first day. From there, you can fill out the sections for employment verification and mail it off.
The digital version will flag errors and fields with missing information, drastically reducing the opportunity for mistakes. Once the employee has completed the first section, she can hit the "Click to Finish" button, and at that point her form will be reviewed to ensure all fields are filled out. If any are empty, she'll be prompted to fill them out.
Other updates on the smart I-9
Expect more detailed instructions on the new version of the I-9. What used to be covered in six pages now takes 15 in an effort to provide more value to users. With the online version, there are three tabs in the document: Instructions, Start Over, and Print. An employee who makes mistakes can always click Start Over to begin filling out the form again.
Section 1 changes
The biggest change in Section 1 of the I-9 is that employees must enter N/A in fields that they have no data to input, such as an apartment number or a middle initial. The form will not allow them to save or print if any fields are left without text.
Also, the field previously listed as "Other Names Used" is now "Other Last Names Used" to protect the privacy of transgender employees.
For foreign workers, there's slightly less to manage in Section 1. Previously, foreign employees authorized to work in the U.S. had to provide both their I-94 numbers and their foreign passport numbers. Now they have the option to provide either of those or an alien registration number.
And should multiple preparers or translators be involved in filling out the I-9, there are now individual fields for up to five people to sign and date. Previously there was one field for multiple translators or preparers to share, which was frustrating for many users.
Also of note, If neither a translator nor preparer were used, employees now have to check a box indicating that. Otherwise, the form won't save.
The United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is cracking down on the requirement that the employer representative (that would be you) must be in the physical presence of the employee being verified and must examine original documents verifying employment.
While the digital I-9 is a move toward more tech-savvy practices, the USCIS doesn't permit employers to verify employment over Skype or FaceTime, or any other webcam interaction. The verification process must still occur in person.
There's also the addition of a large box in Section 2 for employers to include more information. Some things you can include here are:
Electronically verified case number
Form retention dates
Foreign national's Temporary Protected Status
Employee termination date
Section 3 remains the same
There are no updates or changes in Section 3 for reverification and rehires. However, if you need to reverify an employee now that the January 22 deadline has passed, you will need to do so on the updated form. This is typically only necessary when employment authorization documentation expires.
Additional things to know
While the new I-9 form is somewhat digital, it isn't entirely so. In other words, it still must be printed, signed and mailed unless you work with an electronic I-9 vendor. Here's hoping that changes in the future.
You also aren't required to digitally make entries on the form. If you are more comfortable printing it, you can still have new employees fill out the new form by hand, then sign it. If you're already sending new hires paperwork via email, adding the I-9 form should be easy enough. If not, stick with your paper onboarding routine.
There are advantages to using the digital version, though. In addition to reducing errors from handwriting, the digital version features handy questionmark circles that users can click to get more details on what each section requires, as well as check mark boxes and dropdowns typical of online forms.
It's important that you start using the new I-9 form immediately, if you're not already. If you have hired employees since January 22, 2017, you will need to go back and fill out the updated form to comply with hiring requirements. The new form will be applicable until August 31, 2019.
Need the new I-9 form? Click here.
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Viols were bowed instruments ranging from treble to bass, but by about 1780 they had been superceded by the violin and cello. However, this bass viol belonged to John Cawse (1779-1862), one of the earliest pioneers in the revival of Early Music. The body may have been made by Joachim Tielke (1641-1719), but the neck, fingerboard and tailpiece date from the mid 1720s. Cawse lent his instrument to be played in the Concert of Ancient Music at Windsor Castle, an event organized by Prince Albert (1819-1861) in 1845 and perhaps the first of its kind. Despite what was then a highly unusual enthusiasm, Prince Albert felt compelled to make economies in the Royal Household and abolish the obsolete post of Royal Lutenist at about this time.
Belly of two pieces of pine, with an oval rose of ivory pierced and carved with a figure playing the harp. Back of rosewood, slightly arched, with ivory lines and ornamental motifs in the Tielke manner, as also the sides. Wooden side linings. Tailpiece, attached to an ivory and ebony hook-bar, and fingerboard both with marquetry of ivory and tortoiseshell with grotesques; small sections of mother-of-pearl may replace pieces of semi-precious stones. The pegbox, with marquetry similar to the fingerboard, is surmounted by an unusual scroll. The six original pegs are replaced by brass whole-plate machines by Baker, London (early nineteenth century), with ivory pins and buttons. The neck is tied with thirteen gut frets- nearly twice the usual number for a viol.
"One of the problems with ivory when used on much larger scale, such as a plaque, is that as the glue holding it in position dries out, this decorative feature can start to curl. A plaque, 41/2" x 3" x 1/8", on the Bass Viol by Joachim Tielke of c. 1700 (168-1882) had produced this problem. This is a fine example of a bass viol, with ribs and back of rosewood inlaid with ebony and ivory, and the belly made of pine. The difficulty is that ivory is brittle and does split if forcibly flattened. Thus, it needs to be softened on the reverse side with a mixture of ether and hydrogen peroxide which enables the ivory to relax. A special clamp was devised, which was used after the ivory plaque had been re-glued into position. This clamp carefully encircled the sideways-placed bass viol without damage, enabling the special screws incorporated in the clamp to hold down the plaque whilst the adhesive set."
London, Victoria & Albert Museum: Catalogue of Musical Instruments in the Victoria & Albert Museum. Part II, Anthony Baines: Non-keyboard instruments (London, 1998), pp.6 - 7.
In the opinion of Günther Hellwig, editor of the exhibition catalogue Ein Hamburger Lauten- und Violenmacher der Barockzeit (Hamburg, 1980), the body could be by Joachim Tielke (1641 - 1719) but the neck, fingerboard and tailpiece date from the mid 1720s.


Laundry is a part of our everyday existence, especially in a large family! Learn the secrets of our daily laundry chores and how this routine has evolved over the years!
Every family has medical needs, but this podcast deals with ongoing medical issues that require organization and planning to manage effectively. From pregnancy to surgery, chronic illness and ongoing medical treatment, learn how to manage it all without confusion and added stress.
A Delight Directed Homeschool isn't a method - it's an approach. One that works with ANY curriculum! Learn how to make your curriculum delight directed and spark passion in your children's lives!
Learn how to incorporate your child's natural aptitudes and interests into their homeschooling using Delight Directed Learning! Also includes a crash course in making homeschooling a lifestyle of learning!
As your girls grow into their teenage years, you may begin to see attitudes that are so different from what you are used to seeing. Learn 3 secrets to help your daughter navigate her teen years and avoid attitude problems.
Control the chaos and have a blessed Thanksgiving with this guide to a fantastic holiday from a large family mom's perspective! Learn how to manage the kids, the crowds, the food, and the festivities in this idea-packed podcast!
Are you seeing attitudes in your boys that seem disrespectful and rude? Are you worried you won't know how to handle them as they get older? This podcast shares the secret to dealing with boys and their attitudes! You won't want to miss this!
Homeschooling through the holidays can be so much fun! Learn about great resources for homeschooling during Thanksgiving and Christmas, and how to make memories along the way!
Busy moms tend to forget to cultivate art and beauty in their own lives. They are so busy pouring out, they don't realize how important it is to show their children what an abundant adult life looks like. Learn how to inspire your children with your own creative life by building what the Charlotte Mason method calls "Mother Culture."
Have you ever wondered what a typical morning homeschool schedule looks like in our house? Today, I share all the subjects we tackle, our Morning Basket or Table Time routine, how we manage lunch on homeschool days, and so much more!