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HMS Invincible (1765) — 74-пушечный линейный корабль 3 ранга Королевского флота, второй корабль, названный Invincible.

Заказан 4 ноября 1761 года. Спущен на воду 9 марта 1765 года на королевской верфи в Дептфорде. Принадлежал к «обычным» 74-пушечным, строившимся для восполнения убыли кораблей во время Семилетней войны.

В период мира с 1765 по 1775 год хранился в отстое. Вошёл в строй в Портсмуте в 1776 году.

Служба

Американская война за независимость
Участвовал в Американской революционной войне.

1776 — ноябрь, вошёл в строй, капитан Хайд Паркер.

1778 — капитан Энтони Парри (), под брейд-вымпелом коммодора Джона Эванса (); 9 июня с эскадрой Байрона ушёл в Северную Америку, оттуда на Ньюфаундленд, затем в Англию.

1779 — апрель-май, оснащение и обшивка медью в Портсмуте; капитан Джон Лафоре́ (), в составе флота Харди; июль,(?) капитан Самуэль Корниш ().

1780 — 8 января с эскадрой Родни участвовал в нападении на корабли Компании Каракаса; 16 января с ним же был в Битве при лунном свете, затем сопровождал конвой на Минорку; апрель, капитан Джордж Фальконер (), вошёл в эскадру Грейвза; назначен в Вест-Индию, но команда взбунтовалась.

Бунт
Invincible был одним из кораблей эскадры коммодора Уолсигема () в Спитхеде, предназначенных идти в Вест-Индию, в ответ на появление французской эскадры де Гишена. Но команда отказалась выбрать якорь прежде, чем ей выплатят жалование, которое, по словам людей, им задолжали.

Актом Парламента об улучшении оплаты моряков Королевского флота статьей 5 в частности предусматривалось, что если какой-либо корабль Его величества находится в море и команде следуют «морские» за 12 месяцев или более, то по возвращении он «должен произвести немедленную выплату задолжного жалования». Согласно статье 6, процедура должна была быть следующей:

…как только корабль, которому шло морское жалование двенадцать месяцев или более, приходит в любой порт Великобритании, или к её берегам, капитан или коммандер немедленно прикажет составить пять экземпляров расчётных книг, за все время, пока кораблю следовала оплата, кроме последних шести месяцев, и немедленно отправит, с первой безопасной оказией, эти книги, вкупе с тремя алфавитными списками и вещевой книгой, комиссарам флота в их Военно-морской комитет, и как только такой корабль будет или придёт в любой порт Великобритании, где имеется комиссар, оный комиссар флота испросит необходимые суммы денег и произведёт немедленную выплату всех положенных жалований, за вычетом аванса и удержаний, оставляя всегда последние шесть месяцев неоплаченными, но не более… В месяце считать двадцать восемь дней.

На этих двух статьях моряки Invincible и основывали свои претензии получить оплату прежде, чем корабль выйдет в море. По части жалования, считая 28 дней в месяце, им полагалась выплата за 6 месяцев, но по календарным месяцам, до срока был ещё почти месяц. Это был особый случай, из-за разницы в календарном и фискальном месяцах, но вообще подобные отказы случались нередко, и команды всегда ссылались на акт Парламента. Однако в прямом противоречии с отказом выйти в море находится статья 14 Военно-морского устава ():

Если получен приказ к бою, или любой службе в море, всякий человек, или люди, на флоте, намеренные отклонить бой, или службу, под предлогом задержки жалованья, или любым другим предлогом, всякий повинный в этом будет осужден судом Военного трибунала к смерти, или другому наказанию, какое Военный трибунал сочтет заслуженным по тяжести вины.

Моряки Invincible прибегли к методам, и ранее практиковавшимся в таких случаях. Они были единодушны в отказе выбрать якорь, но во всех прочих отношениях подчинялись своим офицерам. Командующий в Портсмуте, адмирал сэр Томас Пай, посылал на борт нескольких капитанов, чтобы убедить команду вернуться к исполнению долга. Но убеждения редко достигают цели в подобных случаях; они оказались бездейственны. Использовались и угрозы. 74-пушечный HMS Alexander получил приказ подтянуться и встать борт о борт с Invincible, и начались приготовления к бою. Но судя по всему, и это не возымело решающего действия. Корабль не вышел в море с коммодором Уолсингемом, и следовательно, команда достигла того, ради чего пошла на неподчинение: не идти в Вест-Индию без выплаты жалования.

Правда, четверо были арестованы, позже предстали перед трибуналом, и двое из них были осуждены к 500 плетям каждый. Но поскольку вся команда была в почти таких же обстоятельствах, что эти двое, то видимо, исполнить наказание не сочли подобающим.

Вест-Индия и Северная Америка
Позже в 1780 году корабль принял капитан Чарльз Секстон (); был с флотом адмирала Гири, затем адмирала Дарби; 29 ноября с эскадрой Худа ушёл в Вест-Индию.

1781 — 3 февраля был при острове Св. Евстафия; 29−30 апреля был при Мартинике; май, временный капитан Ричард Бикертон, был с эскадрой Дрейка при Тобаго; ушёл с Худом в Северную Америку; 5 сентября был при Чесапике; с Худом вернулся в Вест-Индию.

1782 — 25−26 января был при Сент-Киттсе; ушёл для ремонта на Ямайку; 21 июля с адмиралом Пиготом ушёл в Америку; с 5 сентября по 10 октября в Нью-Йорке; ноябрь, в блокаде Кап-Франсуа.

1783 — февраль, с эскадрой коммодора Аффлека при Пуэрто-Кабельо; 19 февраля отбил 44-пушечный HMS Argo; капитан Секстон сдал командование.

1784 — февраль, подготовлен в отстой в Плимуте.

1788 — ноябрь, большой ремонт в Чатеме по июль 1791 года.

Французские революционные войны
Участвовал во Французских революционных войнах.

1794 — капитан Томас Пакенхем ().

Invincible принял участие в боях 29 мая и 1 июня 1794 года.

В первый день он сражался с тремя линейными кораблями, и дважды был подожжён калёными ядрами Brutus, 50-пушечного razée. Грот-стеньга была сбита выстрелом, фок- и грот-мачты и нижние реи покалечены. 10 человек команды были убиты и 21 ранен.

В день Славного Первого июня он потерял ещё 4 человека убитыми и 10 ранеными, сражаясь с Juste, и опять был выведен из строя. Juste был взят в плен и уцелел только потому, что лейтенант Генри Блэквуд () заметил как французский капитан, уже смертельно раненый, ползет с зажжённым фитилем к крюйт-камере. Лорд Хау, видя беспомощное состояние Invincible, послал HMS Venus и HMS Aquilon отбуксировать его из линии, но капитан Пакенхем сказал им, что не нуждается в иной помощи, кроме как все пыжи и банники, какими они могут поделиться, и указал им корабль, который можно буксировать в линию.

1799 — капитан Кэйли (), Вест-Индия.

20 августа 1800 года вошёл в Английский канал с конвоем из 40 судов с Мартиники. Конвой разделился у островов Силли, HMS Scourge повел 11 судов в Бристольский канал.

1801 — капитан Джон Ренни (). Флагман контр-адмирала Томаса Тотти ().

Гибель
Утром в понедельник, 16 марта 1801 года корабль вышел из Ярмута в Саунд, чтобы присоединиться к флоту сэра Хайда Паркера, уже адмирала. Около 2 часов пополудни наскочил на мель Хасборо-сэндз. В течение почти трёх часов корабль било о грунт, после чего рухнула бизань-мачта. Немедленно была срублена грот-мачта, и корабль сошёл с мели в три с половиной фатома на глубину семнадцать фатом. К несчастью, он при этом потерял руль, стал неуправляем и снова сел на банку.

Были спущены две шлюпки, в одну сошли адмирал, баталер, четыре мичмана, трое адмиральских слуг и некоторое число моряков; другая была также полна людьми. Их принял на борт оказавшийся рядом рыбацкий смок. Шлюпки вернулись к Invincible, но одну при подходе к смоку отослали, люди с неё были спасены угольщиком. Тем временем корабль погружался на глубоком месте. Был спущен катер, все кто мог спрыгнули в него, и только успели отойти из-под кормы, как Invincible исчез под водой.

Капитан Ренни и остальные офицеры, за исключением лейтенантов Такера () и Квоша (), а также все офицеры морской пехоты и большинство команды погибли. Около 70 или 80 человек были спасены катером. Погибло свыше 400 человек, среди которых было несколько пассажиров, направлявшихся на другие корабли эскадры Северного моря.

Спасены следующие офицеры и унтер-офицеры: Адмирал Тотти; лейтенант Квош; лейтенант Такер; лейтенант Ивли (, HMS London); Уайтуэй (), штурманский помощник; Стаут (), штурманский помощник; Такер () штурманский помощник; Вилсон (), мичман; Поуп () старшина; Клайд (), баталер; Финни (), старшина; Ноулс (), боцман; Престон (), старшина.
 Офицеров и матросов 177
 Морских пехотинцев 19
 Всего 196

Два матроса выжили, цепляясь за кусок кормовой галереи, отломившейся когда корабль пошёл ко дну. Их спас бриг Briton из Сандерленд, после двух дней и ночей проведенных в воде. У них не было никакой провизии, только немного табака. Один из них, Даниэл Брайан (), потерял слух и получил множество ушибов.

Последствия и память
Срочно созванное в Ширнесс на борту HMS Ruby разбирательство освободило адмирала и капитана (посмертно) от ответственности за потерю корабля, и возложило вину на портового лоцмана и мастера (посмертно).

Останки многих из команды были случайно обнаружены в 1988 году в общей могиле при церкви в Хэпписбург (Норфолк). На ней в 1998 году была установлена памятная плита.

Ссылки
Ships of the Old navy

Примечания

Литература
 Beatson, Robert. Naval and Military Memoirs of Great Britain, from 1727 to 1783. — Vol. 5. — Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orne, et al. — , 1804.

 Winfield, Rif. British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714−1792: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. — —St.Paul: Seaforth, 2007. — ISBN 978-1-84415-700-6.

Линейные корабли типа Ramillies
Затонувшие корабли
Кораблекрушения 1801 года
События 16 марта
Март 1801 года

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text:
2014 Midwest Clinic: Clements High School Symphony
Recorded live
By Clements High School Symphony
Mark Custom Music
https://www.sheetmusicplus.com/title/2014-midwest-clinic-clements-high-school-symphony-sheet-music/20210241?ac=1&aff_id=50330
Recorded live. By Clements High School Symphony. Release date: 2015. Mark Records. Listening CD. Duration 54:14:00. Published by Mark Custom Music (MK.51406-MCD).
Item Number: MK.51406-MCD
Conductors: Ginger Wolfe; Daniel Galloway. Guest/Associate Conductors: Tom Bennett; Michael R. Fleming; James Drew.
I. Intermezzo from Karelia Suite, Op. 11 3 minutes, 29 seconds, Composed by Jean Sibelius
Breaking Their Hold 5 minutes, 22 seconds, Composed by Noah Taylor
No Golden Carriage, No Bright Toy 5 minutes, 19 seconds, Composed by Gilbert M. Martin;Arranged by Fredrick Allen
The Florentiner March 4 minutes, 55 seconds, Composed by Julius Fučik;Arranged by RJ Hume
In the Steppes of Central Asia 7 minutes, 39 seconds, Composed by Alexander Borodin
I. Allegro Moderato from Sinfonia de Camera in Re 4 minutes, 35 seconds, Composed by Leopold Mozart;Arranged by JD Shaw
Wilderness (A Tribute to Lewis & Clark) 5 minutes, 14 seconds, Composed by Tim Shackelton
Dance of the Tumblers from Snow Maiden 2 minutes, 46 seconds, Composed by Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov;Arranged by Sandra Dackow
Gymnopedie, No. 3 2 minutes, 46 seconds, Composed by Erik Satie;Arranged by Bob Phillips
III. Allegro con brio from Symphony No. 2, Op. 30 (Romantic) 7 minutes, 19 seconds, Composed by Howard Hanson;Arranged by Clinton F. Nieweg
Song List (10)
Preview: 2014 Midwest Clinic: Clements High School Symphony

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text:
Finnish female politicians highlighted by World Bank's 2012 gender report
30 September 2019: Brother of murdered Pakistani social media star sentenced to life
18 May 2019: Governor of US state of Alabama signs state anti-abortion measure
27 May 2018: Ireland votes to overturn 35-year-old constitutional ban on abortion
28 September 2017: Saudi Arabia to allow women to drive
12 May 2017: Supreme Court of India begins hearing against triple talaq
More information on Women's rights at Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
Feminism portal
Earlier this week the World Bank released the 2012 World Development Report on Gender Equality and Development. The report noted relatively high numbers of women participating in Finnish politics, and credited the Council for Equality between Men and Women in Finland with progress.
Pictured in 2003 during a state visit to Brazil, Tarja Halonen was Finland's first lady President.
Image: Agência Brasil.
Finland bucks the global trend; the report notes globally "the number of women holding parliamentary seats is very low, and progress in the last 15 years has been slow." Female representation in national parliaments has risen from 10% in 1995 to 17% in 2009. By contrast, Finnish female parliamentarians accounted for 38.5% of new members in 1991, rising to 42.5% in 2011. Finland was one of just nine nations whose total female cabinet members stood at more than 40% in 2008. Globally, females accounted for 17% of ministers, representing a rise from just 8% in 1998.
Although not specifically mentioned by the report, since the millennium the positions of President and Prime Minister have both been held by women; Tarja Halonen became the nation's first female President in 2000 and in 2010 Mari Kiviniemi was selected to be the second female Prime Minister. Women gained suffrage in 1906 with little opposition, ahead of the US and UK.
Students at a maths lecture at the Helsinki University of Technology
Image: Tungsten.
The cross-party Council for Equality between Men and Women in Finland dates back to the 1970s; the World Bank dismisses its role at that time as "primarily symbolic" with little in the way of staff, funding, or influence. In the 1980s it was handed statutory power for gender equality issues and has gone on to press for reforms in areas including sex work, job training, and quotas on political representation. The report calls the council a "success".
Education, however, showed gender segregation by subject at the tertiary level; Finland was one of several countries singled out as examples of high gender segregation in economically developed countries, compared to lower levels of segregation in less well-developed nations. Finland is one of the four members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development with the highest segregation by subject alongside Croatia, Japan, and Lithuania.
Finland has very high levels of education enrollment for both boys and girls, at almost 100% at primary level. Females are ahead of men in tertiary education enrollment, with 46% of men in the relevant age group enrolling in 1991 and 52% of women. By 2009 these numbers stood at 82% and 101% respectively.
Boys and girls were neck and neck with high scores in their 2009 Programme for International Student Assessment maths tests, both averaging around 540. Literacy also produced very high scores but with a gender gap; boys averaged around 510 while girls averaged around 560.
Internet access in Finland is high with men slightly ahead; for men and women alike access stands at around 85%. Finns have a legal right to a 1Mbps broadband connection and authorities plan to have 100Mbps connections for every citizen by 2015. The proportion of women teleworking at least 25% of the time has risen from around 7% in 2000–1 to 9% in 2005; the male figure was at 9% in 2005 and is now 15–20%. Rapid teleworking growth is a global trend but the report notes the female figures generally grew faster.
Marketplace activities also show gender disparity in Finland. Of activities performed by men and women, the female share stands at 41%, versus 63% for domestic activities such as housework. From 2006–9 services accounted for 87% of female and 56% of male employment. 10% of women and 37% of men were employed in industry and agriculture was only a minor employer, with 6% of male employment and 3% of female employment.
Life expectancy for Finnish men has risen from 71 years in 1990 to 77 years in 2009; in the same period, women's life expectancy increased from 79 years to 83 years. The population stands at 5 million, representing a 0.4% annual growth rate from 2000 to 2010.
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This article features first-hand journalism by Wikinews members. See the collaboration page for more details.
Press release. "Many Societies Gradually Moving to Dismantle Gender Discrimination, Yet More Can Be Done, Says World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim" — World Bank, September 24, 2013
"2012 World Development Report on Gender Equality and Development" — World Bank, September 24, 2013
"Finland makes broadband a 'legal right'" — BBC News Online, July 1, 2010
Matilda Battersby. "The 16 women taking over the world" — The Independent, June 24, 2010
"Finland picks new prime minister Mari Kiviniemi" — BBC News Online, June 22, 2010
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text:
Click Here to Read the In-Depth 2009 Blu-ray Review of the Film
Director: Tony Goldwyn
Million Dollar Baby screenwriter Paul Haggis adapted Gabrielle Muccino's Italian film L'Ultimo Bacio for director Tony Goldwyn in this superb remake that does an admirable job of navigating viewers through the often messy and sometimes brutally painful evolution and deterioration of relationships. While most films focus on the good times, not too many filmmakers are willing to go the distance in revealing the bad as well as the good in modern long-term romantic couplings. In a role that couldn't be any further from his recurring Scrubs character of John Dorian, Zach Braff is excellent as our uncertain and admittedly selfish lead Michael, who at the start of the film faces three life-altering events—the pregnancy of his long-time girlfriend Jacinda Barrett and the possible commitment issues that go along with it, his thirtieth birthday and the beginning of a casual flirtation with a young college student (Rachel Bilson) that he meets at a wedding that begins to make Michael wonder if he's really ready to settle down. While the film mostly surrounds Michael and his other equally stressed male friends, all with varying levels of personal crisis of their own, there is a surprisingly riveting subplot involving Blythe Danner as Barrett's mother who is going through a rough patch in her marriage to Tom Wilkinson after she admits to an infidelity. A wonderful soundtrack helps make the admittedly dark, intense and sometimes just excruciatingly confrontational themes and moments a bit easier to bear although it's probably not the best choice for a date film or a low-key romantic evening in as this is the type of film that could cause an argument, despite raising some valid, mature, and accurate issues. By the end of the film, even though we'd spent so much time with a majority of the characters over the onscreen events of roughly two weeks, I still found myself feeling a sense of incompletion as, although we fully understand the male characters, it would've definitely been interesting if the females had been given more screen time to wholly understand their points-of-view. Note: I'm including the entire soundtrack below as it rivals the excellence of Braff's previous indie blockbuster Garden State for the inclusion of so many inspired musical choices.
From The Last Kiss Soundtrack
"Chocolate" by Snow Patrol
"Star Mile" by Joshua Radin
"Painkiller" by Turin Brakes
"Warning Sign" by Coldplay
"Ride" by Cary Brothers
"El Salvador" by Athlete
"Hide and Seek" by Imogen Heap
"Reason Why" by Rachel Yamagata
"Hold You In My Arms" by Ray La Montagne
"Prophecy" by Remy Zero
"Paper Bag" by Fiona Apple
"Today's the Day" by Aimee Man
"Arms of a Woman" by Amos Lee
"Cigarettes and Chocolate Milk (Reprise)" by Rufus Wainwright
"Paperweight" by Joshua Radin and Schuyler Fisk
A Guide to Recognizing Your Saints
Brooklyn Lobster
Two Family House
The Baxter
The Station Agent
Unhitched
The Heart of the Game
Shopgirl
Man of the Year
Akeelah and the Bee
School for Scoundrels
Up For Grabs
Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont


text:
Q: Update custom listview from a button I have a custom row item xml and a Activity xml which has a button, a textbox and a listview. Can anybody give me a very simple example on how this is done? I know i will need a adapter (what it extends i dont know) and update it from the button
I have tried getting the list view updated from the button with the editview text but cant get the adapter code to be hit. I am looking at base adapters now but cant help but feel this shouldn't be complicated and need so many override methods.
Activity class
public class InvitePlayers_Activity extends Activity {
    ListViewAdapter emailAdapter = null;
    ImageView imgView_mail;
    ImageView imgView_confirm;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); //remove title bar
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_inviteplayers);

        //Generate list View from ArrayList
        displayListView();
    }

    private void displayListView() {
        //assign controls
        final ListView listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView_invitePlayers);
        imgView_mail = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imgView_mail);

        //Test data
        ArrayList<String> inviteNew = new ArrayList<String>();
        final ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> inviteList = new ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>();

        emailAdapter = new ListViewAdapter(this,inviteList);
        listView.setAdapter(emailAdapter);

        // Assign adapter to ListView
        listView.setTextFilterEnabled(true);

        //Edit listeners
        imgView_mail.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(View view)
            {
                        //variables
                        final String enteredMail = "testListViewEntry";
                        final ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> inviteList = new ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>();
                        ArrayList<String> invite = new ArrayList<String>();
                        invite.add(0, enteredMail);//add first email
                        invite.add(1,"icon_invitestatussent.png"); //add first status icon
                        inviteList.add(invite);
                        emailAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                        listView.setAdapter(emailAdapter);
            }
        });
    }
}

Adapter class
public class ListViewAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
    private Activity context;
    ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> inviteDetails = new ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>();
    public ListViewAdapter(Activity context, ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> inviteDetails ) {
        this.inviteDetails = inviteDetails;
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int i) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int i) {
        return 0;
    }

    public View getView(int position, View view, ViewGroup parent){
        //Inflater
        LayoutInflater inflater = context.getLayoutInflater();

        //get row view
        if (view == null) {
            LayoutInflater mInflater = (LayoutInflater)
                    context.getSystemService(Activity.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);

            view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_email, null);
        }

        //assign controls
        final TextView textView_playerEmail = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.textView_playerEmail);
        ImageView imgView_inviteStatus = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.imgView_inviteStatus);

        //Assign control values that are dynamic
        textView_playerEmail.setText(inviteDetails.get(position).get(0));
        imgView_inviteStatus.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon_invitestatussent);

        return view;
    }

    public ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> addInvite(ArrayList<String> inviteDetails, ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> currentInvites)
    {
        currentInvites.add(inviteDetails);
        return currentInvites;

    }

    @Override
    public void notifyDataSetChanged() {
        super.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }
}

Custom row xml

<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:padding="10dp"
    android:textSize="16sp"
    android:id="@+id/textView_playerEmail"
    android:textColor="@color/white"
    android:text="item1">
</TextView>

<ImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/imgView_inviteStatus" />

<ImageView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/imgView_remove"
    android:src="@drawable/btn_cancel" />

Activity layout

        <LinearLayout
            android:orientation="horizontal"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:weightSum="1"
            android:gravity="left|center">

            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="45dp"
                android:layout_height="34dp"
                android:id="@+id/imgView_mail"
                android:src="@drawable/btn_mail"
                android:layout_weight="0.22"
                android:padding="3dp" />
        </LinearLayout>

        <ListView
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/listView_invitePlayers"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:id="@+id/btn_confirm"
        android:src="@drawable/btn_confirm"
        android:clickable="false"
        android:adjustViewBounds="true"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:padding="2dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />
</LinearLayout>

A: From reading the description of the question I think you need to set custom adapter to show the elements in you listview. This is how you set the custom adapter for the listview:
public class Notes_list extends BaseAdapter
{
    private Context mContext;
    private ArrayList<String> id;
    private ArrayList<String> firstName;
    private ArrayList<String> lastName;

    public Notes_list(Context c, ArrayList<String> id,ArrayList<String> fname,  ArrayList<String> lname)
    {
        this.mContext = c;

        this.id = id;
        this.firstName = fname;
        this.lastName = lname;
    }

    public int getCount() {
        return id.size();
    }

    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return null;
    }

    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return 0;
    }

@Override
public View getView(int pos, View child, ViewGroup arg2) {
    Holder mHolder;

    LayoutInflater layoutInflater;
    if (child == null) {
        layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater) mContext.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
        child = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_row, null);

        mHolder = new Holder();
    //  mHolder.txt_id = (TextView) child.findViewById(R.id.txt_id);
        mHolder.txt_fName = (TextView) child.findViewById(R.id.txt_fName);
        mHolder.txt_lName = (TextView) child.findViewById(R.id.txt_lName);
        child.setTag(mHolder);
    } else
    {
        mHolder = (Holder) child.getTag();
    }

//  mHolder.txt_id.setText(id.get(pos));
    mHolder.txt_fName.setText(firstName.get(pos));
    mHolder.txt_lName.setText(lastName.get(pos));

    return child;
}

public class Holder
{
//  TextView txt_id;
    TextView txt_fName;
    TextView txt_lName;
}
 }

now in your main activity where you have to call the list  enter code like this:
private ListView userList;
private ArrayList<Employee> itemsList = new ArrayList<modelName>();
userList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.List);
UserList disadpt = new UserList(MainActivity.this, itemsList);
userList.setAdapter(disadpt);

Hope it helps...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Artykuł Self-Presentation Strategies, Fear of Success and Anticipation of Future Success among University and High School Students, autorstwa Nataszy Kosakowskiej-Berezeckiej, Pawła Jurka, Tomasz Besty oraz Sylwii Badowskiej ukazał się w czasopiśmie Frontiers in Psychology.
Abstract: The backlash avoidance model (BAM) suggests women insufficiently self-promote because they fear backlash for behavior which is incongruent with traditional gender roles. Avoiding self-promoting behavior is also potentially related to associating success with negative consequences. In two studies we tested whether self-promotion and fear of success will be predictors of lower salaries and anticipation of lower chances of success in an exam. In study 1, prior to the exam they were about to take, we asked 234 students about their predictions concerning exam results and their future earnings. They also filled scales measuring their associations with success (fear of success) and tendency for self-promotion. The tested model proved that in comparison to men, women expect lower salaries in the future, anticipate lower test performance and associate success with more negative consequences. Both tendency for self-promotion and fear of success are related to anticipation of success in test performance and expectations concerning future earnings. In study 2 we repeated the procedure on a sample of younger female and male high school pupils (N = 100) to verify whether associating success with negative consequences and differences in self-promotion strategies are observable in a younger demographic. Our results show that girls and boys in high school do not differ with regard to fear of success, self-promotion or agency levels. Girls and boys anticipated to obtain similar results in math exam results, but girls expected to have higher results in language exams. Nevertheless, school pupils also differed regarding their future earnings but only in the short term. Fear of success and agency self-ratings were significant predictors of expectations concerning future earnings, but only among high school boys and with regard to earnings expected just after graduation.


This walk covers the triangle of roads between Barkly, Carlisle, & Acland Streets. It commences at the Village Belle Hotel then north along Barkly Street, left into Carlisle Street, left into Albert Street, and left into Acland. An alternative last leg is to go right instead of left at Acland Street and then on to the Esplanade ending outside the Palais Theatre.
The following notes give a timeline for each point of interest along the route. Download here.
1906 Nov 2, Dreamland amusemant Park opens but fails within one year.
1912 Dec 13, Luna Park opens.
1913 J D Williams returns to America. Herman, Harold and Leon Phillips become managers.
1920 New Palais Pictures Pictures opened, designed by Nahum Barnet (1855-1931) architect.


text:
The Pinker Tones | Special 10th Anniversary Edition
ARTIST: The Pinker Tones
TITLE: Special 10th Anniversary Edition
LABEL: Nacional
REVIEW: Barcelona's The Pinker Tones are one of the really great, smart pop bands of the 21st century. They started as essentially a laptop band; their sound palate and influences have expanded through the years, but they've never lost the "let's put on a show" fun that's at the heart of their appeal. For their 10th anniversary, they've released a two-part digital-only album. Amigos & Friends (tracks 1-19) is The Pinker Tones' idea of a tribute album -- covers of their songs by their friends and admirers, most of whom take the material in directions radically different from the originals. For example, you get "Sonido Total" as melodic punk (track 9), a sensitive singer-songwriter interpretation of "24" (10), and "Tokyo" as somewhat overwrought radio-friendly rock (11). The second part, Singles 2001-2011 (tracks 20-33) delivers just what it says on the tin, some of the best tracks these guys have produced so far. If you're not a fan of The Pinker Tones yet, this is a perfect introduction to a band that's one of my favorite guilty pleasures, and so much more.
TOP TRACKS:
Amigos & Friends: 9 10 11
Singles 2001-2011: 21 22 23 24 29
ALSO RECOMMENDED:
Amigos & Friends: 13 14
Singles 2001-2011: 25 26 27
Program January 27, 2012
Mamadou & Vanessa | Faso Mali
Novalima | Karimba
Charts January 8, 2012
Comrade Fatso & Chabvondoka | Korokoza
DJ Rekha & Dave Sharma | Pyar Baile
The Pinker Tones | Special 10th Anniversary Editio...
Program January 6, 2012


We often quit too soon, notice only what hurts, and miss the successes that are scattered throughout our day. I know it can get tough when we've had a bad day – when we're frustrated, overwhelmed, stuck or disheartened. But what if we decided to Keep Looking… I know there is always a surprise around the corner, a "success" that I can appreciate, a gift that, while perhaps wrapped in lousy wrapping paper, is still a gift!
This is a great message and request to give to your mind – "Dear mind, Please Keep Looking until you find something wonderful, successful, hopeful and full of joy! " It's a great "command" that your brain will follow until it succeeds. This is a new habit you need to practice if you want yet another tool to help you raise your vibration.
Maybe you need a reason to feel inspired to Keep Looking... Remember that our thoughts are real and carry energy and our vibration matters! When we are practicing raising our vibration the Law of Attraction will offer us more to feel good about, which raises our vibration again and attracts even more abundance - and the cycle continues! But when we are focused on anything negative, we stay in resistance to abundance.
This is yet another opportunity to clear any of your conflicts about being outrageously abundant in every part of your life.
Are you ready to do some clearing? Answer the following questions about your conflicts about being open to Keep Looking... The typical "yes, buts" that surface when I ask clients the following questions are all tappable issues - see if any of them resonate with you.
(1) What's the "downside" to making a new habit to Keep Looking For Successes?
Yes, but, when I'm focused on the problems, I can correct them quickly.
These are powerful questions to help you uncover any resistance to allowing yourself to Keep Looking for Successes. Once you know the upside of staying where you are or the downside of getting what you want you can treat these "yes, buts" with simple EFT sequences, change your energy, and become completely congruent with a successful life.
As Law of Attraction teachers say -- it's all energy. The Law of Attraction sends you situations that have the same energy and vibration you are putting out... so when you are feeling hopeful and optimistic because you successfully trained yourself to Keep Looking... the Universe will bring you more opportunities that match this good feeling on an energetic basis.
"Even though I've been trained to look for problems instead of successes, I choose to accept who I am and how I feel."
"Even though I'm afraid I won't find successes in my life even if I look for them, I accept who I am and how I feel anyway."
"Even though it feels safer to focus on failures instead of successes, I deeply and completely love and accept myself."
Eyebrow: "I have a bad habit of looking for failure."
Side of Eye: "I'm afraid to spend time looking for successes."
Under Eye: "What if I don't find any successes?"
Nose: "What if I Keep Looking and don't find anything good?"
Collarbone: "Who would I be if I looked and found successes?"
Under Arm: "What if I don't find any successes in my life?"
Head: "I am so accustomed to looking for failure..."
Eyebrow: "What if I could attract abundance by Looking for Success?
Side of Eye: "I want to do what it takes to Keep Looking..."
Under Eye: "I want to feel inspired to Keep Looking..."
Nose: "I intend to Keep Looking..."
Chin: "I choose to release my need to focus on failures instead..."
Collarbone: "I'm ready to learn how to Keep Looking."
Under Arm: "I appreciate the power of intending to Keep Looking."
Head: "I choose to eliminate resistance to Look For Success..."
A very knowledgeable article. Really liked it.


Businesses these days are getting harder to manage as technology advances and red tape with compliance grows. It requires a new breed of professionals to take on the challenge of the online world.
Hiring a virtual assistant can be one of the keys to success of online businesses as they provide immediate and efficient assistance.
An independent contract worker who provides administrative, creative or technical services which means handling the same types of tasks as an office secretary or manager, but doing them from a home office, using the virtual assistant's own computer equipment, software, phone and Internet connection.
Since working as a virtual assistant means performing tasks remotely, the VA will need skills and the technology that makes this possible. The basics would be to own a fast computer and internet connection and to have email and Internet skills. However, specific requirements for this job vary widely, as each employer or client requires a different hiring standard.
Most clients and employers will expect the virtual assistant to have skills with office productivity software, including word processing and spreadsheet programs. Oftentimes, virtual assistants attend conferences and meetings online, so familiarity with several online meeting software will prove a plus. Bookkeeping, marketing, organizational, written and verbal communication skills will prove critical as well.
In hiring a virtual assistant, these core competencies are highly recommended along with the drive and determination to see clients succeed. Moreover, the ability to work as part of a team, excellent customer service skills, basic understanding of business operations including budgeting, creating business and marketing plans, contracts and agreements and time management, willingness to admit and correct their mistakes, respect for others' intellectual property, good spelling, grammar and punctuation skills are also essential.
Hiring virtual assistant can be tough. When you post a job on outsourcing websites you'll often be flooded with applications from people that have clearly ignored most of your instructions. Avoid dealing with applications from inattentive virtual assistants by requesting some quick and simple tasks in your job listing. Ask your applicants to include a specific phrase, for example, in their proposal to see how well they pay attention to details. Another good way to weed out time-wasters and inattentive virtual assistants is by requesting references from previous employers. Most outsourcing websites make this easy by including a list of ratings and reviews from previous customers. While these techniques won't completely eliminate low quality applicants, they will make it far easier for you to weed out bad proposals from quality ones.
When planning on hiring a virtual assistants, it is very important to put together a good, concise, virtual assistant job description. A quality job description for what you are looking for in a virtual assistant will help you attract the best virtual assistant available, while maximizing their productivity as your new hire.


Last year, I had the chance of driving the pre-LCI ALPINA B7 for a week. I was blown away at just how fast such a massively heavy car could be. ALPINA quoted 0-60 mph in about 3.6 seconds but if felt faster. What was more impressive was how fast it could accelerate at speed. Even at highway speed, if I put my foot down the B7 would still pin me back in the seat and hurl itself at the horizon. It's astonishing, truly. Yet, this new post-LCI car is even faster and, as Car and Driver points out, currently the world's fastest production sedan.
Admittedly, it isn't the fastest sedan to 60 mph. That designation is reserved for the Tesla Model S P100D. However, the 2020 ALPINA B7 now has a top speed of 205 mph, which obliterates the Model S' and even just slightly edges out the 707 hp Dodge Charger Hellcat's 204 mph. Admittedly, it will likely take the B7 a bit longer to reach 205 mph than it takes the Hellcat to reach 204 mph, but it still wins the numbers-bragging-rights game.
To get that extra speed, ALPINA only tweaked engine management and newer intercoolers to keep everything nice and cool. Its 4.4 liter twin-turbo V8 still makes a claimed 600 hp and 590 lb-ft of torque and its 0-60 mph time is now quoted at 3.5 seconds. We suspect it's faster than that but not by much.
While we doubt a single ALPINA B7 owner will take their car to 205 mph, it's awesome to know that it can do it. It's also awesome to know that the world's fastest production sedan isn't some stripped-out, psychotic performance machine but one that's loaded with incredible luxury and refinement. The new ALPINA B7 can outpace almost any performance car on the road and do it in near silence and almost incomparable comfort. How can you not love a car like that?
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text:
How are Patent Cases Resolved? An Empirical Examination of the Adjudication and Settlement of Patent Disputes
Washington University Law Review (Formerly Law Quarterly), 2007
1st Annual Conference on Empirical Legal Studies Paper
See all articles by Jay P. Kesan
Jay P. Kesan
Gwendolyn G. Ball
Marymount University
Washington University Law Review, Vol. 84, pp. 237-312, 2006, U Illinois Law & Economics Research Paper No. LE05-027
Washington University Law Review (Formerly Law Quarterly), 2007, 1st Annual Conference on Empirical Legal Studies Paper
In this article, we attempt to answer some fundamental questions regarding the role played by the courts in the patent system by examining a set of patent cases in great detail. To this end, we have constructed a new database based on court docket reports for all patent cases filed in 1995 and 1997 and tracked the evolution of these cases (about 3700 cases) through to settlement or adjudication on the merits. The focus of this effort is on keeping track of a number of variables to understand the precise disposition of each case.
We have also tracked different characteristics in order to estimate patent litigation costs in each case. For instance, we note the amount of time taken by each case through to final disposition. In addition, we have devised a new proxy for measuring costs - the number of documents filed by all the parties in each case - which we believe is more closely correlated with actual litigation costs than the traditional measures of time expended and the stage of termination in each case.
Our results show that many more patent cases are adjudicated on the merits (either at the pre-trial stage through a grant of summary judgment or at trial) than is commonly thought. This work is one of the few scholarly efforts in empirical litigation scholarship that can actually estimate this amount because most other papers rely exclusively on the imprecise categorization of the Administrative Office of U.S. Courts to determine case outcomes. Our results demonstrate that in addition to the small number of patent cases going to trial (about 5%), another significant percentage of cases (about 8-9%) are resolved on the merits through summary judgment. Consequently, summary judgments are important in patent cases for determining patent validity and infringement, and the summary judgments related to patent validity occur earlier in the litigation compared to summary judgments related to patent infringement. This result is somewhat encouraging given the important role played by the courts in revoking patent rights improvidently granted at the outset by the PTO. Nevertheless, despite the fact that such rulings occur early in the proceedings compared to patent trials, we should still be concerned about the huge transaction costs associated with patent litigation because summary judgments in general, and summary judgment based on invalidity in particular, are expensive compared to summary judgments granted on other grounds. In addition, there is a significant difference in duration and number of documents filed in cases resolved through summary judgment for the 1997 filed cases compared to the 1995 filed cases. This is consistent with the changes brought about by the Markman decision that invigorated claim construction as a threshold legal issue in patent litigation. The increased importance placed on first construing the claims before addressing infringement or invalidity after Markman necessitates that significant resources be allotted to the step of claim construction before (or concurrent with) filing motions for summary judgment.
Overall, our results show that transaction costs associated with patent litigation loom large, and rulings on the merits by the courts concerning patent validity, patent infringement, and remedies for infringement (i.e., injunctive relief or damages) are rare, expensive, and not pursued to completion by most litigants. Instead, most patent cases settle fairly quickly (about 12-15 months) after the filing of the complaint, thereby reducing the actual cost of patent litigation considerably.
This work has significant implications for all civil litigation in general, and for recent efforts to reform the patent system by either improving patent quality through new administrative procedures at the PTO or for substantive patent law reform. Our results strongly suggest that patent litigation is largely a settlement mechanism, and hence, any proposed change in the patent laws should be analyzed in terms of the incentives generated for prompt settlement of patent disputes. In addition, entities and interest groups seeking cheaper and/or a greater number of patent rulings concerning validity and infringement will be wise to look elsewhere, perhaps at other patent institutions such as the PTO or at other alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms that complement the courts.
Keywords: Patent Litigation, Civil Litigation, Settlement, Patent Validity
Kesan, Jay P. and Ball, Gwendolyn G., How are Patent Cases Resolved? An Empirical Examination of the Adjudication and Settlement of Patent Disputes. Washington University Law Review (Formerly Law Quarterly), 2007; 1st Annual Conference on Empirical Legal Studies Paper. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=916365
Jay P. Kesan (Contact Author)
University of Illinois College of Law ( email )
504 E. Pennsylvania Avenue
HOME PAGE: http://www.jaykesan.com
Marymount University ( email )
1000 Glebe Road


All Destinations On Sale for 2 Days Only!
Book your tickets by March 14, 2008.
These special fares are available for purchase through March 14, 2008, and are good for travel between March 25 and October 29, 2008. Off-peak fares are valid for travel on Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday. Peak fares are valid on Monday, Thursday and Friday. Like all AirTran Airways fares, prices included in this sale are available for one-way travel and do not require a roundtrip purchase or an overnight stay. Travelers may purchase these sale fares at http://www.airtran.com/ or via AirTran Airways' reservations system at 1-800- AIR-TRAN. For Spanish, call 1-877-581-9842.
AirTran Airways, a Fortune 1000 company, offers more than 700 affordable, daily flights to 58 U.S. destinations. With 8,900 friendly Crew Members and America's youngest all-Boeing fleet, AirTran Airways provides XM Satellite Radio and Business Class seating on every flight. For more information and free online booking, visit http://www.airtran.com/.
*All fares are one-way. All fares are non-refundable and a $75 fee per person applies to any change made after purchase, plus any applicable increase in airfare. Reservations may be obtained or changed through an AirTran Airways Telephone Reservations Center for an additional $10 per person.
Tickets must be purchased by March 14, 2008. Sale fares are valid for travel from March 25, 2008 through October 29, 2008.
Sale fares for travel between Las Vegas and Bloomington/Normal, Akron/Canton, Dayton, Flint, Moline/Quad Cities, and Rochester are valid on nonstop flights only. Nonstop service between Las Vegas to Bloomington/Normal, Moline/Quad Cities, Dayton, and Akron/Canton ends April 8, 2008. Lowest sales are valid for travel on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Saturdays. Additional sale fares are valid for travel on Mondays, Thursdays, and Fridays. Seats are limited, subject to availability, and may not be available on all flights. Blackout dates are as follows: May 22, 23, 26 2008; June 27, 28, 2008; and July 3, 6, 2008. In addition, fares are not valid for travel from Boston: April 17-21, 2008. and are not valid for travel to Boston: April 24-28, 2008. Service to/from Seattle begins May 6, 2008. Service to/from Burlington, VT begins May 21, 2008. Service to/from San Antonio begins June 11, 2008. Fares, routes, and schedules are subject to change without notice. Fares do not include per-segment tax of $3.50. A segment is defined as one takeoff and one landing. The September 11th security fee of up to $10 is not included. Airport Passenger Facility Charges of up to $18 are not included. Fares to/from Puerto Rico do not include additional government taxes of up to $30.80.


The second-ever launch of the Falcon Heavy rocket was supposed to happen on Sunday, and then again on Tuesday, and yet again on Wednesday.
More than a year after SpaceX sent its Falcon Heavy rocket on a majestic test launch, the second Falcon Heavy put a satellite in orbit today for its first customer. It's been made even more powerful since last year's demo flight through upgrades that SpaceX refers to as Block 5, which were applied to the company's smaller Falcon 9 rocket starting in May.
SpaceX said it would try again Thursday evening.
Falcon Heavy's debut flight previous year attracted massive attention, in part because CEO Elon Musk chose to launch his own luxury Tesla Roadster as the test payload. The core booster landed two minutes later on an ocean platform hundreds of miles offshore.
Prime viewing spots were packed with tourists and locals eager to catch not just the launch but the rare and dramatic return of the twin boosters, accompanied by sonic booms. That's the only part of the first mission that missed. SpaceX employees at company headquarters in Southern California cheered every launch milestone and especially the three touchdowns. But SpaceX chief Elon Musk said upper-level wind shear was extremely high. The red Roadster - with a mannequin at the wheel - remains in a solar orbit stretching just past Mars. It has three rocket boosters, which are strapped together during launch and are created to then break apart and make pinpoint landings back on Earth. The U.S. Air Force also chose Falcon Heavy for STP-2, its Space Test Program 2 mission.
Until SpaceX came along, rocket boosters were usually discarded in the ocean after satellite launches. Falcon Heavy only has five missions on its manifest so far.
According to pest control company Terminix , sweat bees are tiny creatures, typically ranging from 0.125 to 0.5 inches in length. The insects had made a new home inside the woman's eyelid - that is, until they were all successfully removed alive.
Barr told a House Appropriations panel on Tuesday that he expected the inspector general's work to be completed by May or June . Jack Reed's (D-R.I.) question about whether he'd also call it a "witchhunt", Barr said, "I'm not going to characterize".
Final results were expected on April 11, with ballots for soldiers and other special categories of voters yet to be counted. He then thanked his supporters and reiterated his commitment to them as well as to citizens who did not vote for him.
Smith-Schuster added before posting a quote attributed to Mark Twain: "Never argue with a fool". Antonio Brown and JuJu Smith-Schuster used to be one of the best wide receiver duos in the NFL.
Johnson told reporters that he was stepping down before informing Jeanie Buss , the controlling owner of the team. He signed LeBron James in free agency, but he was unable to surround him with other stars.
Samsung hasn't yet told us when and where the Galaxy A80 will be available, but we'll update this article when we hear more. The device might be powered by the new Snapdragon 7150 SoC along with up to 8GB RAM and 128GB expandable storage.


text:
Q: Validate Consumer Group is created on topic or not I am working on project where I need to validate consumer group is created on topic or not. Is there any way in boldSpring Kafkabold to validate it

A: Currently, I haven't seen describeConsumerGroups supported in Spring-Kafka KafkaAdmin. So, you may need to create a Kafka AdminClient and call the method by yourself.
E.g: Here, I took advantage of the auto-configuration property class KafkaProperties and autowired it to the service.
@Service
public class KafkaBrokerService implements BrokerService {
    private Map<String, Object> configs;

    public KafkaBrokerService(KafkaProperties kafkaProperties) { // Autowired
        this.configs = kafkaProperties.buildAdminProperties();
    }

    private AdminClient createAdmin() {
        Map<String, Object> configs2 = new HashMap<>(this.configs);
        return AdminClient.create(configs2);
    }

    public SomeDto consumerGroupDescription(String groupId) {
        try (AdminClient adminClient = createAdmin()) {
            // ConsumerGroup's members
            ConsumerGroupDescription consumerGroupDescription = adminClient.describeConsumerGroups(Collections.singletonList(groupId))
                    .describedGroups().get(groupId).get();

            // ConsumerGroup's partitions and the committed offset in each partition
            Map<TopicPartition, OffsetAndMetadata> offsets = adminClient.listConsumerGroupOffsets(groupId).partitionsToOffsetAndMetadata().get();

            // When you get the information, you can validate it here.
            ...
        } catch (ExecutionException | InterruptedException e) {
            //
        }
    }
}


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Mortgage Choice North Shore Team!
The North Shore team love assisting our clients in achieving their property ownership dreams.
Stephanie is originally from Melbourne and spent many years living in country Victoria and New South Wales, before moving to Sydney in 1990 and settling in Lane Cove. Stephanie says "one of the best things I ever did was to buy my first home, on my own, when I was only 22 years old. I've been fascinated by property ever since."
Stephanie believes her success in this business over the past 15 years or so is primarily due to her extensive experience in marketing and customer service. In addition, her recognition of the strength of working with a quality brand name and organisation like Mortgage Choice has also contributed in her going from strength to strength since its inception in 1992.
Jeff 's background includes roles across major financial services firms such as IAG and American Express, across the Asia Pacific Region.
He holds a Cert IV in financial services and holds a Diploma Business Marketing from the University of Auckland. He is also a qualified football coach.
Jeff is the proud father of 2 children and resides on the lower North Shore.
Tony was born in Sydney and lives in the Inner West of Sydney. He brings his extensive experience from working in the finance and banking sector over more than 30 years.
Tony has experienced the property buying and selling process and understands the importance of making a property transaction as smooth as possible.
Tony enjoys sport, in particular rugby league and cricket. He also enjoys volunteering his time within his local community.
Emma is a country girl who grew up in Tumut, then moved to Sydney to pursue studies and never left, having bought and sold property she has a personal understanding of the joy and stress this entails.
Emma came back on board in February 2009 in a part-time capacity. Previously, she was our Office Manager from October 2000 until she left to have her second child in March 2006. Prior to Mortgage Choice she was working in childcare with Lane Cove Council for 6 years.


The City of Mulberry was awarded a $163,342 grant to expand the city library. The grant will be administered by the Arkansas Economic Development Commission's Grants Division. To be eligible for CDBG funds, communities must have a population of less than 50,000 and at least 51% of the persons benefiting from the project must be of low- to moderate-income.


text:
rbb Kultur est une station de radio publique allemande basée à Berlin, consacrée à la musique classique et la culture. Elle appartient à la Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg (RBB), organisme public de diffusion pour les länder Berlin et Brandebourg. Sa diffusion se fait par modulation de fréquence.

Elle est issue de la fusion de Radio 3 (appartenant à l'ORB, ancien organisme de diffusion pour Brandebourg) et de Radio Kultur (propriété de la SFB, ancien organisme de diffusion pour Berlin-Ouest puis tout Berlin). En effet l'ORB et la SFB ont fusionné.

Programmation
Sa programmation est en grande partie musicale. Des courts flashs d'info sont diffusées pendant la journée d'heure en heure avec un accent sur la politique internationale, nationale et régionale et la culture régionale. Pendant les grandes tranches musicales qui couvrent presque toute la journée, quelques courts reportages et interviews interrompent le programme environ deux fois par heure.

De la matinée jusqu'au début de la soirée le choix musical est limité à de courtes pièces qui sont très connues et pas trop exigeantes. Pendant la soirée jusqu'à minuit les programmes comportent émissions musicales spécialisées, y compris complètes diffusions de concerts en direct ou en rediffusion, des lectures littéraires, des pièces radiophoniques de fiction, des magazines consacrées à de thèmes culturelles ou scientifiques et des longues reportages.

De minuit jusqu'au petit matin la rbb Kultur adopte la programmation commune des différentes radios culturelles allemandes, le "ARD-Nachtkonzert" (concert de la nuit de la ARD, l'association des organismes de diffusion régionaux qui produit d'ailleurs aussi la première chaîne nationale de télévision), ceci qui est très connu pour sa diversité d'œuvres et de compositeurs et l'approfondissement de ses sujets.

Critiques
Cette structure de programmation est appliquée par la majorité des radios culturelles régionales. Particulièrement la légèreté des tranches pendant la journée est parfois critiquée par parts de l'audience qui évoquent une prétendue tendance d'un rajustement des radios culturelles aux habitudes des radios commerciales.

Les radios en question ne sont pas comparables aux niveaux de chaînes comme France Musique sans parler de France Culture ou BBC Radio 4, alors même que, contrairement à des stations comme Radio Classique en France ou la station commerciale Klassik Radio en Allemagne, elles n'ont pas besoin de réunir une large audience en termes de quantité pour obtenir des revenus.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg
 Liste des stations de radio en Allemagne
 Inforadio

Lien externe
 Site officiel de Kulturradio

Radio à Berlin
Radio en Brandebourg
Station de radio à caractère régional en Allemagne
Station de radio à Berlin
Station de radio en allemand
Station de radio culturelle
Station de radio musicale
Station de radio de musique classique
Station de radio fondée en 2003
Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg


text:
Fragile Somalia is now taken advantage of by its neighbors!
Just as the International Community, the United Nations and African Union Mission are holding a tight grip, while the Mogadishu political scene is in full squabble and in-fighting. The neighbors are setting their sights on more land, Somali land to take control over. Over the last 24 hours, there are reports that Ethiopia has taken control over Aato District of Bakool province, where the Ethiopian government has built a hospital and a Police Station. They have annexed it without any forewarning.
Just like that the Kenyan government has started to building a border wall at Beled-hawo Town, the Kenyans are extending their border and their land with the building of the wall. It is a trick to grab some more land away from Somalia. Just like Ethiopia just have built themselves as a state in Aato District. That is the province closest to the Ethiopian border. So, it is fitting, the same as the Kenyan.
This is happening as the Berbera Port deal between Somaliland, Ethiopia and DP World has gotten into issues, as the Mogadishu politicians are trying to stop it and also the connection with Ethiopia. Who has already had a Berbera Corridor, that has been a project since October 2014 and has involved both IGAD, World Bank and other international development banks. All to secure a transport hub between Addis Ababa and Berbera port. That is fitting that the added pressure and lack of transparency between the regional government and the central government in Mogadishu, gets into question. That led to issues between Speaker Mohamad Osman Jawari and Prime Minister Hassan Ali Kheire. Money talks and also adds guns.
That is why the whole play of the international community, while the Mogadishu government lacks control and oversight. While most of the family members of the cabinet are living abroad, while the leaders themselves, are eating for bad deals. And they don't have the security or training to secure the borders. That is why Kenya and Ethiopia are taking charge on the porous borders, they are invading and annexing land. Because it has no consequence to the sovereignty of Somalia.
AMISOM, who has foreign soldiers on mandate cannot even keep Mogadishu totally safe, as the escalation of car-bombs and fatalities of civilians are a sign of troubles ahead. The President hasn't attacked or asked for reasons for the neighbors annexation of land. Even if he cares or afraid of doing so. While the PM isn't acting on it either. Even UN's Micheal Keating hasn't addressed it, he who loves to be the face of the Republic. Now he is gone missing on the map. Just like President Farmajo, who should fight for his borders and his state, instead he is busy elsewhere.
This is worrying, that the Kenyans can take this land, that Ethiopia does too. That them all are doing this, that the DP Deal with Ethiopia, while the secrecy of the Berbera Corridor deal is showing it was planned a long while ago, since Ethiopia is landlocked and wants more safe ports than only in Djibouti. That is the sign, it is the Ethiopian power-play, while Kenya just showing power to take more land in self-defense. Still, it is not right to do that to a sovereign.
I am not even Somali and I am worried about the porous borders, the lack of manpower, the Somali National Army and the Police Service, when the foreign states can just do this. You take a breadcrumb, another breadcrumb and next time slice of bread, with time you take the whole bread. That is how we are as people, state is not different from that. As a weak state, that is taken advantage by its neighbor. They know this, because the AMISOM and UN Mission is not training or trying to achieve a secure state. The ones in Central Government want to live on donor funds and rampant corruption, instead of building institutions and stronger army to secure the borders. Because if they do, then they cannot beg for aid. A pledge they can eat without doing any work for it. Peace.
Posted in Africa, Army, Civil Service, Corruption, Development, Election, Ethics, Governance, Government, Law, Leadership, National Security, Politics, Transparency and tagged African Union, African Union Mission in Somalia, Ahmed Duale Gelle, Al Shabaab, Alio Ghelle, Alio Ghelle Deposit, AMISOM, AMISOM Code of Conduct, AU, AU Mission in Somalia, Bancroft, Bariire, Beladamin, Bilis Qoqani, BNDF, Brig. Gen. Dick Olum, Bulu-maler, Burundi National Defence Force, Captain. Ronald Sekandi, Carnotite deposit, Dennis Atugiriire, Dhobley, Dr. Omar Abdulle Alasow, Dusa Mareb El Bur, EA, EAC, East Africa, East Africa Community, ENDF, Ethiopian National Defence Force, Federal Government of Somalia, Federal Republic of Somalia, Gaffel Nkolokosa, Goryowein, GoU, Government of Somalia, Government of Uganda, Harakat al-Shabaab al-Mujaahidin, Hassan Ali Kheire, Horn of Africa, Human Rights Due Diligence Policy, Interim Adminstration, Interim Jubba Administration, Jubbaland Parliament, KDF, Kenya Defence Force, Kenya Defence Forces, Kismayo, Lance Corporals Kasule Budala, Lt. Gen. Soubagleh, Lt. Lilian Tugume, Maj-Gen Mohamedesha, Maj. Gen. Ali Bashi Mohamed, Maj. Harry Lully Lulecera, Maj. Kundu Weyaula, Maj. Sulait, Major General Mohamedesha Zeyinu, Mathew Kakooza, May. Gen. Mohamedesha, Military Supplies, Mogadishu, Mohamed Osman Jawari, Mudug, Peacekeepers, President Ahmed Mohamed Islam, Prime Minister Hassan Ali Kheire, Private Tibaijuka Expedito, Republic of Somalia, Richard Karemire, SNA, SNA Forces, Solderies, Somali National Army, Somali Police, Somali Police Force, Somalia, Staff Sergeant Richard Abwot, the African Union Mission in Somalia, Uganda, Uganda Peoples Defence Force, Uganda Peoples Defense Force, UPDF, UPDF Divisional Court Martial, Yusuf Garad Omar


Katherine Blunt April 22, 2017 Updated: April 22, 2017 3:03 p.m.
3of1410/05/1963 - Construction began over the weekend with a groundbreaking ceremony at the site of the new Sears store to be built in the $50 million Memorial City Shopping Center at the Gessner Road-Katy-West Freeway intersection. James A. Milne, general manager of Sears in the Houston area, said the store will be the most modern and complete of all Sears' stores in the Houston area and is scheduled to be ready for business in the fall of 1964. (L-R) Robert L. Buck and Joseph Johnson, developers of the Memorial City Shopping Center; Milne; and Houston Mayor Lewis Cutrer.
Like an analog Amazon, the 1968 Sears "Wish Book" sold an unrivaled assortment of mail-order goods, enough to fulfill every Christmas list at a time when trends started on department store floors. "Star Trek" pajamas for $2.99. A portable AM radio for $11.50. And, with extra time for delivery, a weighty replica of a 16th-century suit of armor for an even $1,600.
Nancy Reese, a longtime Houstonian, still has the thick catalog nearly 50 years after its much-anticipated release. Her husband, then a manager at the new Sears store at Memorial City Mall, brought it home from work a few months after their wedding, just in time for the holidays.
"You couldn't have asked for any more," she said.
That was then, before big-box stores began offering much more for far less, before the internet tore through the retail industry like a relentless tornado. The novelty and elegance that once defined Sears has faded in the face of convenience and discounts, and now, even longtime customers like Reese have withdrawn their allegiance to the iconic retailer.
Sears last month acknowledged "substantial doubt" about its ability to survive as shopping preferences change and e-commerce sales climb, a sharp indication of the particular challenges facing legacy department stores in Houston and elsewhere.
The admission was only the latest news to fuel concerns about the future of the heavily indebted company, which is working to stem losses by closing stores and leveraging its various brands, but analysts and shoppers have questioned whether such a strategy will hasten the unraveling of the storied institution that helped shape 20th century America.
The Sears catalog, known as the "Wish Book," offered something for everyone, from clothes to toys to appliances.
Sears' iconic Midtown location at the corner of Main and Richmond has become a particularly stark example of the challenges the company faces. It stands as a monument to midcentury retail despite the sweeping changes that transformed the industry after the dawn of the millennium.
Thousands of shoppers swarmed the art deco-style building when it opened in 1939 as the first store in the city where all the floors were connected by escalator. It offered an air-conditioned reprieve from the Houston heat, and its walls were covered with murals depicting decades of Texas history, a nod to the past from forward-thinking designers.
"It had a lot of things we would take for granted now but were big deals at the time," said Jim Parsons, director of special projects for Preservation Houston. "It was one of their first flagship stores."
The store today would be nearly unrecognizable to the shoppers who first pushed through its doors. Sears shrouded the original facade with corrugated metal in an attempt to modernize the building in the 1960s, and many of the original murals have long been covered. One exception is a large painting of Sam Houston. He peers at shoppers from the stairwell, towering over of the sort of landscape that gave rise to Sears, Roebuck & Co. itself: A scattering of homesteads nestled between a young industrial city and the vast wilderness.
The building, once a natural extension of the city's shopping district as it pushed southward, sits in the middle of a somewhat deserted area where vagrants and panhandlers camp. On a recent afternoon, trash blew off its dirty sidewalk and a skittered across a mostly empty parking lot.
David Lovell was one of the few customers who emerged from the store that day, carrying a small bag of lawn mower equipment. He spent many afternoons there as a child during family outings and seasonal trips for school clothes, but these days, he makes a beeline for the tool section.
It's been years since he stopped to browse for much else. Faced with so many choices, he said, shoppers have less of a reason to make a Sears run than they did when the company dominated the industry.
"It would be disappointing if they went under," he said. "It was one of those strong retail names."
Sears, now more than $4 billion in debt, insists that its "substantial doubt" acknowledgement was simply a formality to satisfy new financial reporting requirements. In the same securities filing, it reiterated faith in the strength of its turnaround plan.
The company's transition to a more "asset light" business model has accelerated in recent months. Sears in March sold its Craftsman tool brand to Stanley Black & Decker for about $900 million, and now it's looking to squeeze more cash out of its Kenmore and Diehard brands, as well as its home and auto businesses, through sales or partnerships.
The company also plans to shutter 150 locations nationwide this spring in its latest round of closures. Already, it has cut 86,000 U.S. employees and about 530 Sears and Kmart stores during the past three years.
Spokesman Howard Riefs said in an email that the company has no closures planned in Houston, where it years ago abandoned unproductive locations at Greenspoint Mall, The Woodlands Mall and elsewhere.
But its 11 remaining local stores have been challenged by nimbler competitors, new retail developments and shifts in consumer demand, leading landlords and brokers to wonder if, or when, the company will further shrink its presence here.
"They have some very valuable real estate in Houston," said Ed Wulfe, founder, CEO and chairman of Houston commercial real estate firm Wulfe & Co., adding that retail space worth billions is at stake.
He estimated that five of the company's regional locations are in relatively strong retail trade areas. Willowbrook Mall, Deerbrook Mall and Baybrook Mall, for example, still attract lots of foot traffic, according to a report last year by Green Street Advisors.
But the other six locations, Wulfe noted, are in more "marginal" shopping areas. For instance, the company has stores in West Oaks Mall and Pasadena Town Square, where Macy's recently closed two of its department stores after years of declining sales.
Houston's department store sector has for years faced immense pressure from internet retailers, fast-fashion chains and big-box stores. It has shrunk considerably since Reese's husband began working at the Memorial City Sears in the 1960s.
Then, the sector was crowded with legendary department store chains of the day. Reese shopped at Sakowitz for fancier merchandise, gazed at the Christmas displays at Foley's and avoided J.C. Penney - then one of Sears' main rivals - at her husband's request.
Despite the competition, Sears for years maintained its place as the nation's largest retailer. It sold something for everyone: tools, household goods, quality apparel. Reese and her husband still use a percolator purchased there decades ago.
"Sears was a place where America shopped - all Americans," she said.
That began to change in the 1980s, when Kmart encroached on Sears' market share. Then, in 1990, Wal-Mart eclipsed the company as the nation's largest retailer. Target, another pioneering discounter, exacerbated the challenge to traditional department stores as it spread nationwide around the same time.
The major shift in the retail landscape toppled many of Sears' earliest competitors. Sakowitz was one of the first chains to go, in the 1990, when it closed all of its stores. Montgomery Ward followed suit in the early 2000s. Foley's stores were rebranded as Macy's after Federated Department Stores acquired the chain in 2005.
As the internet further disrupts the industry, department stores face ever-steeper challenges. The sector fared worse than most analysts expected during the all-important holiday season, and Macy's and J.C. Penney have joined Sears in efforts to pare store counts.
In his email, Riefs noted the company announced it would sell at least $1 billion in property and restructure the business to save that same amount annually. It used some the proceeds from its Craftsman sale to pay down debt.
But that plan could have downsides for a company known for its tools, appliances and physical stores. Rod Sides, vice chairman and retail distribution leader for Deloitte, said any company that leverages its most valuable assets risks losing its distinction in an increasingly competitive marketplace.
"Those entities are walking a fine line in my mind," he said. "They risk entering a spiral they can't recover from."
Lynn Dowd, a passionate tool collector in Dallas, has long considered Craftsman one of Sears' most defining assets. For years, he has watched people thrill in the hunt for branded wrenches and other hand tools at garage and estate sales throughout Texas.
"That's a brand that people look at and know it's a quality tool," he said. "Sears always had a strong tool department, and that's always been the go-to place."
Dowd fears the sale of the brand, touted as a financial salve, will ultimately cost the company even more customers.
"It might be a memory here before too long," he said.
Reese acknowledged the same possibility, saddened that Sears' waning influence could eventually fizzle altogether. It's been years since she shopped there, but she has saved the Wish Book to show her children and grandchildren what the company had to offer at its peak.
"Sears still has a special place in my heart," she said. "I hope they make it."