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It's the moment that every writer both looks forward to and dreads in equal measure; deciding upon and somehow either creating, commissioning or crossing-your fingers and hoping an inbuilt software template can create a good book cover.
Book covers are important because unless you are Stephen King (I'm 50% there as I have the right first name) then many readers will decide solely what book they will buy simply by the look of your book cover. Forget the good reviews on Amazon, if you don't have a good cover, browsers either online or in store are likely to caryy on looking until they find something more eye-catching.
I have tried three different approaches with my book covers and ironically it was the one that I paid for that I have always been least happy with which is why in the summer I am going to rename and re-cover my first novel.
For my second book a friend and very talented photographer (Hello Ian) kindly helped design a graphic from a collection of my holiday photos which made for a great front cover and the conveyed the message which I wanted of a pile of holiday photos and the stories behind them.
For my third book, as it was only ever going to come out on Kindle and because I had found a very suitable free stock photo I used that and having now gained lots of experience on formatting and the look I wanted, the free template online software worked perfectly.
As well as being eye-catching your book cover has to in some way relate the theme of your book. It's very tempting if your book takes places in various locations and even different times that you want to highlight as many of these on your front cover. However, it's really important that you don't do this. Pick a single theme and either design a cover around it or pay someone more artistic to do it for you remembering to pick a suitable font and spine colouring if you aren't going to wrap-around a photo.
I'm at the stage where I have finished my WW1 brief history book. It took me about 6 weeks of writing and making sure my memories matched my research. I've got a number of maps and photos I'd like to include as well as some poems and it has taken some time to check the copyright of these and formatting them so they work ok in a Kindle and paperback format will no doubt be challenging.
Back to book covers though. Normally factual books choose to go with either paintings, drawings or photography which makes working on a book cover slightly different from fictional books. My choice of cover has to relate a dependable and serious book but one that is accessible to people who know little about WW1 and definitely don't want to get bogged down in some huge and heavy history book.
Though I did consider a book cover featuring poppies, it didn't seem quite right as that to me makes it feel like a biography or a distance between then and now. The other possibility included a combination of maps and flags but I thought that would be too off-putting to my potential readers.
What I want is some simple and eye-catching that sums up the war quickly and for that I decided to go with one or more photos. Though the war and my book covers everywhere from New Zealand to Mexico it is clear that what most people think of when it comes to WW1 is the Western Front. but there were two that almost immediately became my must-haves. Obviously there are countless thousands of black and white photos but two of them in particular immediately grabbed my imagination.
This photo is of a group of Australian photos walking on duck boards. Their reflections are shown in one of the large puddles or crater holes whilst their silhouettes stand out against the sky. If you look closely you can see observation balloons in the sky. Everything is grey and evocative of the misery that this war caused.
Many though not all photos from WW1 are now public domain whilst others have clauses as to what you can use them for. I sent a couple of emails to the Australian War Memorial and they very kindly allowed me to use this on the cover for my book.
Royal Irish Rifles seconds before The Somme.
The photo above is one that I have looked at on and off for the last few decades and as soon as I realised I would need a photo, this one came to mind. It is of soldiers of the Royal Irish Rifles at about 7.25am on the morning of 1st July 1916. It is taken just moments before the commencement of The Battle of The Somme, perhaps the bloodiest British battle of all time and one of the very worst in history.
The reason I like this photo is that is of a very famous event and its hard to imagine that just 10 minutes after this photo was taken it is likely that many of these men were dead. I went to the very spot where this photo was taken and it was a very moving moment.
According to Wikipedia, this photo is also Public Domain and it is mentioned elsewhere that it is public domain however on visiting the Imperial War Museum Website it states that it is licensed by Getty Images and to use it would cost me hundreds if not thousands of pounds. Not only is this confusing but I find it hugely wrong that you should have to pay such a huge amount of money for what is in many ways an educational book. I'm pretty certain that none of the men pictured in the photo would want to see may pay such hundreds or thousands of pounds.
I've read in places that public domain photos can be used free of charge whatever companies like Getty say if you are fine with using a lower resolution image as I am but I will have to look into it more unless one of my readers understands copyright law better than I do!
Both are great photos and ideally I would like to use one on the front cover and one on the back cover. If you have a favourite let me know below!
This entry was posted in Life, writing and tagged Australian War Memorial, Book Covers, Getty Images, history, Imperial War Museum, Life, Publishing, Self-Publishing, The Somme, writing, WW1. Bookmark the permalink.
I too have always liked the second photo – it came up many times in my history lessons! But for a front cover I prefer the first one, I can even see a title forming across the top. A good front cover does indeed make such a difference – I remember when I was younger, browsing the library and picking out books based on weather the cover caught my eye…I'll admit I still do that a bit now!
Thank-you. Yes a title in the sky would look great. It's such an eye-catching photo.
I used to do the same, it's rather like going to see a film at the cinema just because the poster or trailer looks better than the rest.
I like the first photo, because the soldiers are faceless. I feel that's how leaders of the time must have felt about their men, to have sent hundreds of thousands of them charging at enemy machine guns. If your book were about a specific unit, then of course it would be great to see photos of the soldiers, but for a general history, I like the more abstract photo.
That's a really good insight for this photo. I feel the same way about it too. As the book is about the war as a whole and not a specific unit or even country this one seems suitably abstract and foreboding.
Thanks for commenting. That's 2 out of 2 for the same photo.
I also love the first one. It's very dramatic, timeless and eye-catching. And having just spent the last couple of weeks trying to get a cover for my own book designed, I feel your pain. I chose to hire a designer, but after about 15 covers – all of which I was very unhappy with – I changed designers and found one who actually "got" what I was after! She came up with one design – with some differing colour options – and we were in business! It's quite nerve-wracking, so I wish you well in your final choice.
Oh my word, 15 covers! I must admit for my first novel I gave up after 4 or 5 and as there weren't many on the internet then I made do as best as I could.
I'd expect a book cover to be pretty much finalised after a handful of revisions at most. I am working on my novel to turn it into two or three books and am hoping to get a theme for the cover but I'm not sure I could cope with a potential 45 covers!!
I have just this minute chatted online with a representative of Getty Images and the photo of the soldiers in the lane though Public Domain still requires an expensive fee for books so it is looking like photo 1 which seems to be the most popular one in any case!
Thank you! I admit that several were different colour versions of the same thing…but still, it was a nightmare. Now my book is at the printer, I can relax a bit – until the marketing/selling phase starts at least!
They're both good covers – but somehow neither of them strike me as book covers….I'd like to see something that was a bit more like artwork.
Sorry, I meant 'good photos' in that first sentence!
I like the first one, too, and I like the idea of the title in the sky. Copyright law is so confusing. My books have all been done through academic presses. I picked the paintings/prints for the NYU Press books, but I didn't actually design the covers. The in-house departments designed all the covers for the reference books. I did have to choose photos for the forthcoming Cultural Encyclopedia of the Breast, and I tried to find as many copyright free images. Some places, like museums, will drop or reduce fees in exchange for a copy of the book–and of course, photo credit. Sometimes fees are based on print run and use. Something labeled "public domain" can often be used in a non-commercial venture, such as a blog, or for educational purposed but not in a commercial book. It's very confusing.
The Library of Congress has many images that are copyright free. I don't know about WWI images, since I've never looked for them. For the UK, have you tried the Wellcome Images? Again, I don't know about WWI, but I believe they have copyright free or low cost images.
Thanks so much for you comments which are obviously from experience!
Yes the museum in Australia was very helpful and were pretty much telling me how to avoid various fees. It is confusing though and maybe there should be more clarity to the differences of Public Domain that can be freely used for any purpose and Public Domain that deep down is nominally owned by someone that expects payment for serious use of the image.
I just heard that Getty Images need a payment for photo 2. I will look into Wllcome Images, I have about 10 that I would like to include in my book and I can see I will have to thoroughly investigate which ones are free to use.
I just saw this article on Facebook. I don't know if you would want to use any of these images, but I thought you might be interested in seeing them.
Both are excellent images. The second photo grabbed me .I will not forget the expressions and fatigue…the dire situation…a couple are even managing a brave smile. The one fellow, turned and facing the camera, eyes directed at the viewer…I won't forget him..or the others.
Yes, their expressions are very interesting and haunting. The chap who is the second face from the left looks absolutely battle-hardened and tired out but also like he is ready for the hell he is going to face.
I wonder how many of them survived the first day at the Somme.
Yes, he is the fellow that got to me first.
I tried to enlist my art student nephew to create the cover for my sci-fi novel. I offered financial and other incentives, but he kept procrastinating. So, I created the cover myself. That was a huge mistake because… I AM DEFINITELY NOT AN ARTIST! Oh well, c'est la vie!
Me neither. Graphic design I am ok with but drawing or painting reveals my talents haven't progressed since I was about six years of age!
I do like the first photo but it reminds me of the cover of the Viet Nam novel: The Things They Carried.
It does look very similar. I wonder if the Viet Nam novel was the inspiration for the movie poster for Platoon which featured almost a silhouette of men against the jungle.
For a cover I prefer the first photo. It would be nice if you could use the second photo but somewhere inside your book. There's too much going on in this photo for a cover.
I think I am going to use the first photo. The second photo requires a large payment which the "owners" are unwilling to let go.


If you had a Java-capable browser, you could play Dice Chess V here.
Paul Movak, 1977. Dice start on move six. On this program, the roll will always match a unit which you have. (If playing with real dice, roll until it matches.) If you cannot make a move with such a unit, you lose. If you are in check, you do not roll.


Many home improvement companies have been slow to make any change in suppliers as the industry has slowed during the recent recession. Afraid to rock the boat, retailers side and windows have chosen to weather the storm by trying to expenses rather than investigate new solutions. The market has been evolving though, mainly due to quantum leaps in technology, composite door manufacturing being a prime example.
Composite doors are recognised as being superior to standard UPVC doors and improvements in the manufacturing process have meant that composite doors are now priced around the same as UPVC doors. I won't go into much detail as to why composite doors are becoming the preferred choice of UK consumers, there are plenty of articles on that subject, some even written by yours truly. Suffice declare that when faced by using a choice of a new family saloon or any kind of Rolls Royce for towards same price, the choice, for many, is beckoning!
Anyway, I'm well known locally for my marketing experience, in particular assisting new business start-ups hence there is no was delighted to answer the call for a house improvement company in Devon that has for quite a few years been retailing UPVC doors and windows. They were interested in selling composite doors just as the demand for them amongst local residents was growing quickly.
The principal aim of this was males that the professionals in the homeimprovements industry, the market leaders in fact, had began selling composite doors recently and had positioned these products in the top of their price range, reflecting the superiority of composite over UPVC doors.
The first problem was the price switching the main focus of door retailing to an amalgamated doors range and away from UPVC, which is what all of declared were offering. Getting into the fast growing composite doors market seemed a good move but you won't of outfitting a showroom was beyond reach. So the first thing we did would have been to get onto Google, find out who the players were in composite door manufacturing and supply and then back up for sale to the analyze.
Obviously price and credit facilities were major factors, as was order to delivery turnaround, returns policy and product quality. There seemed to be little distinction between the door manufacturers here as each and every those approached had many years experience in the home improvements market and recognised the need for credit facilities, keen prices and fast turnaround. Not to cover that with the development of British Standards into the composite manufacturing industry, the manufacturing processes were extremely very.
Where some companies fell down though was when we asked them everything they were going to do to help us to sell goods. The lack of selling support, knowledge and training was truly shameful, indicative among the slow decline in Britain's manufacturing base (Short term thinking ,worrying about immediate costs versus long-run investment for share of the market has often been the bane of British Industry).
The simple test we put would be to see which door manufacturers would allow us to stock a showroom with sample products, provide reason for sales materials and help us to obtain the word out locally about the superiority of composite doors over UPVC doors. Our reasoning was that always be cost several thousand pounds to outfit a new showroom and get initial customers, when had been going to be ordering from the same suppliers for years, so why especially if they not share on the inside start-up cost?
Door-Stop International, tipped by many people to get to be the market leader in the forthcoming had obviously done their homework as well as supply cutting-edge technology such the own-brand website which retailers can use for in-home demonstrations too as advertising and marketing tool. Our site has a design feature that allows potential purchasers to find the style, colour and furnishings for their ideal door and packed with shows the finished design and price instantly, even including a respectable ordering center.


text:
Why Bionic
Bionic Dance
Tree & Plant Stars
Camille Hanson
by lferce | Nov 29, 2022
(Minnesota–Madrid).
Dancer, choreographer and teacher who works between Spain and the United States; producing a constant flow of works acclaimed for their ecological and social commitment.
Hanson has an Honorary Scholarship in the Arts and Humanities, from the Bogliasco Foundation of N.Y.C. Since 2008, she has collaborated with the visual artist, Juan Carlos Arévalo, fusing scenic and site-specific dance with the audiovisual field. His works have been presented at: UN Summit Climate COP25, Ubumuntu Arts Festival, Rwanda, Lincoln Center, N.Y.C., Starlite Festival, Marbella, Festival Spain NOW!, London, Stanford University, California, 8th International Marine Mammal Conference, Paris, IETM International Network for Performing Arts, Valencia, 3rd Congress of the Advancement for Peace, Jerusalem, among others.
Currently, she combines artistic creation with teaching at Stanford University in California, USA, and various dance conservatories in Spain. His latest stage creation, MAKE ME WILD, of dance, ecology and image has premiered within the #SurgeMadrid in autumn 2022.
Profile: https://linktr.ee/CamilleHanson
© 2023 Bionic Festival. All rights reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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United States Reports: Cases Adjudged in the Supreme Court at ..., Količina 196
Po avtorjih United States. Supreme Court, John Chandler Bancroft Davis, Henry Putzel, Henry C. Lind, Frank D. Wagner
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8 1270) giving to army officers the pay of cavalry officers of the same grade when assigned to duty which requires them to be mounted, indicate a general purpose to give to officers of the Army mounted pay when their duties are such as may require them to be actually mounted, or are such as may at any time subject them to the necessity of rendering mounted service. The particular section (1301) under which it is insisted that a naval aid is entitled to mounted pay, designates officers who either are or may be required to be mounted in the discharge of their duties, and likewise to "officers on duty which, in the opinion of the department commander, requires them to be mounted and so certified by the latter on their pay vouchers."
This paragraph was intended to include the particular classes of officers who are entitled to pay as mounted officers under the classification in the first part thereof, and gives the benefit of the higher rate of compensation to other officers, not expressly named therein, whose duties require them to be mounted. It may be true, as argued at the bar, that there may be times when the duties of an aid to a major-general will not require him to be mounted. But, as we understand the Army Regulations, such officers may be at any time required to render mounted service, and are therefore given the pay of that class. Obviously, the duties of an aid to a rear-admiral are not such as to require him to render mounted service, and as the Navy Personnel Act only undertakes to afford a measure of compensation for duties which can properly be required of a naval officer, it can have no operation to provide pay for services peculiar to the Army. As was held in United States v. Thomas, supra, it does not follow, because Congress gives special pay to army officers, that the same right of compensation applies to naval officers also. In that case it was held that an allowance to army officers who might be ordered to sea or a foreign port could not be given to naval officers whose regular duties require them to engage in service upon the sea and to cruise upon foreign waters and serve in foreign ports.
The present case affords still less reason for giving the pay of an army officer to one in the Navy, where the compensation is given for a character of service which never can be required except in the Army.
Upon this branch of the case we think the Court of Claims was in error, and the judgment for mounted pay should not have been rendered in favor of the claimant.
The judgment of the Court of Claims is modified, disallowing the sums claimed in the petition and carried into the judgment on account of mounted pay and longevity pay based thereon, and, as modified, is
Affirmed.
CREEDE AND CRIPPLE CREEK MINING AND MILL
ING COMPANY v. UINTA TUNNEL MINING AND
TRANSPORTATION COMPANY.
CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES CIRCUIT COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT.
No. 18. Argued April 15, 18, 1904.—Reargued January 10, 11, 1905.-Decided January 30,
As between the Government and the locator, it is not a vital fact that there
was a discovery of mineral in a lode claim before the commencement of any of the steps required to perfect a location, and by accepting the entry, and confirming it by a patent, the Government does not determine as to the order of proceedings prior to the entry but only that all required Opinion of the Court.
by law have been taken. Adverse proceedings, are called for only when one mineral claimant con
tests the right of another mineral claimant, and, as a tunnel is not a mining claim but only a means of exploration, the owner, prior to discovery of a lode or vein within the tunnel, is not bound to adverse the application for the patent of a lode claim, the lode of which was discovered on the surface; and his omission to do so does not preclude him from asserting a right prior to the date of discovery named in the certificate of location on which the patent for the surface lode claim is based.
VOL. CXCVI-22
The facts are stated in the opinion.
Mr. Charles S. Thomas, with whom Mr. A. T. Gunnell, Mr. W. H. Bryant, Mr. H. H. Lee, Mr. T. M. Patterson, Mr. E. F. Richardson and Mr. H. N. Hawkins were on the brief, for petitioner.
Mr. Charles J. Hughes, Jr., with whom Mr. Scott Ashton, and Mr. Gerald Hughes were on the brief, for respondent.
Mr.J.C. Helm, by special leave, as amicus curiæ.
MR. JUSTICE BREWER delivered the opinion of the court.
Certiorari to review a judgment of the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, 119 Fed. Rep. 164, reversing a judgment of the Circuit Court of the United States rendered upon a verdict of a jury directed by the court.
The action was originally brought by the Creede and Cripple Creek Mining and Milling Company, as plaintiff, against the Uinta Tunnel Mining and Transportation Company, as defendant, in the District Court of the county of El Paso, Colorado, for the possession of certain mining claims and for damages. Equitable relief was also prayed. On motion of the defendant the action was removed to the United States Circuit Court for the District of Colorado, where, also on its motion, the pleadings were reformed and the action made one for the possession of the property and damages.
The plaintiff filed an amended complaint, alleging in substance that it was the owner in fee and in possession and entitled to the possession of the Ocean Wave and Little Mary lode mining claims—being survey lot No. 8192, evidenced by mineral certificate No. 338, the patent of the United States to said plaintiff for said claims bearing date December 21, 1893--that said claims were duly located and discovered on the second of January, 1892, and that the patent related back and took effect of that date for all purposes given and provided
by the laws of the United States and the State of Colorado concerning mining claims.
Entry upon the claims and ouster of plaintiff by defendant by means of its tunnel were also alleged.
Thereafter the defendant filed its answer. Upon motion of plaintiff certain portions thereof were stricken out, and on the trial testimony offered by the defendant in support of the portions stricken out was rejected.
The matter to be determined is the sufficiency of the defenses pleaded and stricken out. To appreciate them fully it is well to state some facts about which there is no dispute, and it is sufficient to state the facts in reference to one of the lode mining claims, as the proceedings in respect to the two were alike. On February 1, 1892, J. B. Winchell and E. W. McNeal filed in the office of the county clerk of El Paso County (the county in which the mining claim was situated) a certificate of location which, not verified by affidavit or other testimony, stated that they had on January 2, 1892, located and claimed, in compliance with the mining acts of Congress, 1,500 linear feet on the Ocean Wave lode, and gave the boundaries of the claim. By several mesne conveyances the title of Winchell and McNeal passed to the plaintiff. On August 5, 1893, the plaintiff made an entry of the claim in the proper land office of the United States, and, no proceedings in adverse being instituted, a patent therefor was issued to it on December 21, 1893. There is no reference in the patent to the discovery or the filing of the location certificate. The first appearance of the claim on the records of any office of the United States is the entry in the local land office of August 5, 1893, and the only prior record in any state office is the location certificate, unsworn to, filed February 1, in which the parties filing the certificate stated that they had discovered the lode on January 2, 1892. On February 25, 1892, a location certificate of the defendant's tunnel was filed in the office of the county clerk of El Paso County, which, verified by the oath of one of the locators, stated that on January 13, 1892, they
had located the tunnel site by posting in a conspicuous place and at the entrance to the tunnel a notice of their intent to claim and work the tunnel; that they had performed work therein to the value of $270 in driving said tunnel and $80 in furnishing and putting in timbers, and that it was their bona fide intent to prosecute the work with diligence and dispatch for the discovery of lodes and for mining purposes. The certificate also contained a full description of the boundaries of the tunnel site as claimed.
In a general way it may be said that the defenses which were stricken out were a priority of right and an estoppel. We quote these paragraphs from the answer:
"It further avers that the patent of the United States issued for said Ocean Wave and Little Mary lodes and lode mining claims was issued subject to the act of Congress in reference to tunnel rights and subject to the laws of the State of Colorado in reference to the right to run tunnels through ground that may be patented, for the purpose of reaching territory that belongs to tunnel owners beyond such patented claims, and subject to the rights which the defendant The Uinta Tunnel Mining and Transportation Company and its grantors had acquired by reason of the location of said Uinta tunnel, and in and to any and all lodes, veins, and mining claims that it might cut or discover in driving said tunnel, as is guaranteed to the locator of said tunnel under and by virtue of section 2323 of the Revised Statutes of the United States; that the pretended discovery alleged and pretended to have been made in and upon said pretended Ocean Wave and Little Mary lodes and lode mining claims, and by virtue of which the plaintiff claims the right to patent the same under the laws of the United States, was not made until long after the location of said Uinta tunnel, and at the time said pretended locations were made said locators thereof were advised and knew that said tunnel had been located and had been and was being prosecuted with due diligence and in strict compliance with the terms and conditions of the statutes of the United States
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text:
Q: what is wrong in this query I have a table something like
class BulkStore(PresageBaseModel):
    store_key = db.StringProperty(required=True)
    name = db.StringProperty(required=True)

But when I query on store_key it doesn't return anything
sk = 'agd2b3hhdWxhcjcLEhZwcmVzYWdlX2FwcF9jb2xsZWN0aW9uIhtwcmVzYWdlX2RlbW9fY29sbGVjdGlvbl9rZXkM'
print BulkStore.all().filter('store_key',sk).fetch(1)

output:
[]

but manual search gets the correct result
for bulkStore in BulkStore.all():
    if bulkStore.store_key == sk:
        print bulkStore

output:
BulkStore(key_id=849L, store_key=u'agd2b3hhdWxhcjcLEhZwcmVzYWdlX2FwcF9jb2xsZWN0aW9uIhtwcmVzYWdlX2RlbW9fY29sbGVjdGlvbl9rZXkM', name=u'collection_record_export')

What i may be missing?

A: In one of your examples, the string ends with a ., in the other, it doesn't.  These are not equal strings.

A: Reason for this bug is that if a property is assigned a value which is already another db type it mysteriously takes the type of that value, e.g. in my BulkStore model store_key is a StringProperty but if I assign it a value which is TextProperty, store_key is stored as TextProperty not StringProperty which I have defined it to be and later on query on such properties doesn't work, so in db you can have entities some of which will be searchable and some won't be.
so never do this
bulkstore.store_key = some_entity.some_text_value

instead do this
bulkstore.store_key = str(some_entity.some_text_value)

This can be a very subtle bug to find in code :(

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Is there a difference between the speed of light and that of a photon? As in the title I am curious whether there is a difference between the speed of photon and the speed of light, and if there is what is the cause of such a difference?

A: Comment to the question (v4):
It seems relevant to mention that there in principle could be a difference between the universal speed limit constant $c$ (which is usually casually referred to as the speed of light in vacuum), and the actual speed of light in vacuum if the photon has a rest mass, at least from an experimental point of view.  Of course, no non-zero rest mass of the photon has been detected so far. See also this Phys.SE post and links therein.

A: In quantum mechanics a particle can be treated as a wave and a wave can be treated as a particle. This is the notorious wave particle duality. I won't go into this any further here because it's been discussed to death in lots of previous questions. Search this site for wave particle duality if you're interested in finding out more.
Anyhow, assuming I interpret your question correctly you're asking if the speed of the particle, i.e. the photon, is the same as the speed of the light wave. And the answer is that yes it is. However this is actually rather unusual and in fact it only applies to massless particles like photons. If you take particles like electrons that have a non-zero mass then the wave velocity is not equal to the particle velocity.
The reasons for this get very technical very quickly, and I'm guessing you don't want to go into all the gory details. In brief: we associate two velocities with a wave, the phase velocity and the group velocity. At the risk of oversimplifying, the phase velocity is the velocity associated with the wave and the group velocity is the velocity associated with the corresponding particle. For any massive particle the two velocities are different, but for a massless particle they are the same. That's why the speed of the light wave is the same as the speed of the photon.

A: I haven't done this in a long time, but my understanding from Feynman's QED is that the speed of a photon is unknown (Heisenberg) - photons traveling in a vacuum are around the speed of light +-, but at any instant the speed differs due to uncertainty. The photons going faster and slower than light speed cancel in the same manner that photons bouncing off a mirror cancel all but the equal angle reflection.


You can expect to find many beautiful state parks and public beaches on the Central West Coast of Florida. White sand, crystal clear blue water and beaming sunshine.
Apollo Beach is named for the mythical Greek God who brought light and warmth to the world each day.
Locals say that the name was given by Dorothy Corr, the wife of the community´s developer and founder Francis J. Corr, in the 1960s when the US space program was taking off in Florida.
Belleair Beach maintains a relaxed and peaceful atmosphere providing all the advantages of waterfront living and the charm of an old-fashioned neighborhood.
Beach lovers can enjoy swimming, sunbathing and beachcombing.
Clearwater Beach is home of pristine white sand beaches, clear gulf waters, warm sunshine, and plenty of hospitality.
There is always something special going on at Clearwater Beach.
Howard Park's location provides access to the Gulf of Mexico by a 1-mile long causeway.
The white sandy beach is a very popular north county swim area and also provides a perfect location for visitors to enjoy many spectacular sunsets. Nesting ospreys and eagles may be viewed by park visitors as they fish for food in the surrounding waters.
The pioneers called it Hog Island, but it became Honeymoon Isle in 1939 when a New York developer built 50 palm - thatched bungalows for honeymooners.
Today, visitors can drive across Dunedin Causeway to enjoy the sun - drenched Gulf beaches, mangrove swamps, and tidal flats.
The beach in Hudson is small and usually frequented by locals, but recently more vacation goers have discovered that it is a nice place to be.
Everyday people come here to relax, take in the sun, go out on their boats, and watch the waves, without parking problems and overcrowding. This beach has the interesting distinction of being built BY the people who lived here in the 1960's.
Indian Rocks Beach is located on a barrier island on the West Coast of Florida, only a 30 minute drive from Tampa International Airport.
Indian Rocks Beach attracts many tourist due to it's wide sandy beaches and convenient proximity to many Florida Attractions including Busch Gardens, Walt Disney World, Universal Studio, and Sea World, as well as the cities of Clearwater, St. Petersburg, and Tampa.
Madeira Beach is located on Florida's beautiful Gulf Coast and is blessed with miles of gorgeous white sand beaches that boast that "Old Florida" feel yet Madeira Beach is part of the Tampa Bay region, one of the nations fastest growing metro areas.
Mad Beach offers you and your family a quiet "laid back" atmosphere while being just a short drive from Florida's major theme parks.
Relax. Get barefoot! Pass-A-Grille brings out the adventurer in you. Beachcombing, boating, visiting quaint shops and then later, relax in one of our unique Inns.
No matter where you go and what you do the water calls you from just blocks away.
The Town of Redington Beach, Florida, is located on a barrier island in the Gulf of Mexico. We are bordered by North Redington Beach to the north, Madeira Beach to the south, the Intracoastal Waterway on the east, and the Gulf of Mexico on the west.
Redington Beach is primarily a waterfront residential community. Redington Beach is a state chartered municipality, located in Pinellas County, west of Tampa, Tampa Bay and St. Petersburg.
Home of pristine white sand beaches, clear gulf waters, warm sunshine, and plenty of hospitality.
St. Petersburg attracts visitors with the famous Salvador Dali Museum, award winning Fort De Soto Park and the St. Petersburg Pier.
You want Florida, you want it all, and you only want to unpack once. No problem! You want Tampa.
There's a sunny side to this West Coast community that makes this a true hot spot among the world's destinations.
What you will find at the Tarpon Springs Sponge Docks: Greek Restaurants, Bakeries, Natural Sponges, Sponge Diving, Tours, Sightseeing Cruises, Unique Greek and Florida Souvenirs, lots of Shopping, Jewelry, Art galleries, Aquarium, and Live Entertainment (Bouzoukia).


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Billstedt o en baix alemany Billsteed és un barri del districte d'Hamburg-Mitte situat a la confluència del Bille amb el Jenfelder Bach i Glinder Au a l'estat d'Hamburg a Alemanya. A la fi de 2014 tenia 69.570 habitants a una superfície de 16,8 km².

És un municipi relativament nou, creat el 2 de febrer del 1928, per la fusió dels municipis prussians Schiffbek, Kirchsteinbek i Öjendorf. El nom nou que es va triar en combinar el riu Bille, que forma la frontera meridional, amb el sufix -stedt que significa vila, assentament.
A l'edat mitjana, el Bille era navegable fins al barri de Schiffbek.

Per la llei de l'àrea metropolitana d'Hamburg edictada per la dictadura nazi va ser integrat en la ciutat estat d'Hamburg el 1937. A l'est, a la frontera amb Slesvig-Holstein, als anys 1970 es va crear la ciutat nova de Mümmelmansberg, estació terminal de la línia U2 del metro d'Hamburg, a més de la U2, la línia U4 connecta el barri amb el centre de la ciutat i el barri nou del Hafencity.

El barri es caracteritza pels nuclis dels tres pobles, que van mantenir el seu caràcter de poble, urbanitzacions noves i alts edificis de pisos socials en l'estil funcionalista avorrit dels anys 1960-70, que formen quasi la meitat de les habitacions, i els corredors verds al marge dels rius que travesen el poble i el parc al nord-est. És principalment un poble residencial, el teixit econòmic és fet de comerç, el «Bilstedt Center» és un dels centres comercials més grans d'Hamburg, de pimes i d'un polígon industrial entre el Bille i l'autopista A5. La població treballa al polígon industrial veï de Rothenburgsort, al port, o en fàbriques i empreses de servei en altres llocs d'Hamburg.

Llocs d'interès
 La zona verda feta del cementiri, el llac i el parc d'Öjendorf. El parc es va crear després de la segona guerra mundial, quan es va omplir una part de llac (una antiga mina de grava) amb runam després del bombardeig del centre d'Hamburg durant l'Operació Gomorra (1943).

Enllaços i referències

Barris d'Hamburg
Hamburg-Mitte

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia