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These Three American Heroes Almost Singlehandedly Got the Constitution Ratified
Larry Holzwarth - February 28, 2022
Alexander Hamilton was one of the few Northerners to support the Virginia Plan. Wikimedia
3. America's form of government was born out of compromise
On June 19th the delegates rejected the New Jersey Plan, and continued debate on the Virginia Plan. New York, the largest of the northern states, opposed Madison's plan with one exception among its delegates. Alexander Hamilton favored Madison's idea. By early July, the contentious debate had left the convention deadlocked. Five states favored the idea of a proportional lower house and equal votes in the upper house. Five states opposed the idea. Two did not vote, and Rhode Island was absent. The convention agreed to create a committee consisting of one member from each state to arrive at a solution. The committee recommended a compromise in which each state would have equal representation in the upper house and proportional representation in the lower. It also suggested that each state in the upper house would have a single vote.
Madison and Hamilton led the arguments against the arrangement, which included one representative in the lower house for every 40,000 free residents of a state. The Southern states at the time, except for Virginia, had smaller free populations, though large populations of enslaved people. The convention agreed to count enslaved people as three-fifths of the state's total population. They also agreed that two members of each upper house delegation could vote independently of each other, rather than as a state. Madison and Hamilton agreed. Still, the debate roiled on, with the smaller states fearing a government dominated by the larger, more populous states. The final compromise created the Senate as the upper house, with equal representation among the states, and the House of Representatives with proportional representation based on population.
One compromise was counting the enslaved peoples as three fifths of the person for apprtionment of representatives. Wikimedia
4. Madison moved to strip power from the states in forming the Senate
Madison, with the support of Hamilton, favored longer terms for the members of the Senate, which represented the states, and shorter terms for the Representatives, who represented the people. The longer Senate terms reduced the influence of state legislatures on the upper house. The shorter terms of the House meant its Representatives had to face their constituents more frequently, ensuring the voice of the people was heard in the new government. Both Madison and Hamilton desired a powerful Senate, where reasoned debate would, in their view, prevent undo influence on federal laws by the raucous people. The Senate would be the house of statesmen; the House where the people's needs and desires heard and acted upon. Any bill, passing in either house, required the approval of the other before it was sent to the executive to become law.
Once the makeup and relationship of the new Congress of the United States were agreed upon, the convention moved more rapidly. Debate over the creation of the executive branch was tempered by the fact that all present were aware the first President would be George Washington, as he was the most unifying man in America. Discussions over the Judiciary were similar less divisive. The Constitutional Convention lasted 100 days. When it was over the states were surprised to learn it had proposed an entirely new form of government. The debates of the convention were repeated in the legislatures of the states and in town meetings, taverns, churches, militia musters, and everywhere Americans gathered. Ratification of the document was far from assured. Madison and Hamilton decided to take their arguments directly to the people, via the free press of the United States.
James Madison's palatial home at Montpelier, his family's Virginia plantation. Wikimedia
5. Madison and Hamilton were of two very different backgrounds
James Madison was very much to the manor born. He came from an old, well-established, and socially prominent Virginia family. As the eldest son of the largest landowner in Virginia's Piedmont, he stood to inherit his father's farms, slaves, and social standing. His early education came from a private tutor. As a child, his health was never strong, but he studied enough to become highly adept in ancient languages, modern languages, mathematics, and classical literature and history. Because of his health, he opted not to attend the College of William and Mary, fearful of the climate in the Williamsburg region. Instead, he chose to study at the College of New Jersey, entering classes there in 1769. The College of New Jersey later changed its name to Princeton. There he obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in just two years, sooner than the usual three.
After graduating Madison remained at Princeton, learning to read and write in Hebrew, and studying the works of the European philosophers from the Age of Enlightenment. He then read the law in Virginia, becoming well-versed, but never practicing law or joining the bar. Madison served in the Continental Congress, and wrote an amendment to the Article of Confederation to give congress the power to create tariffs to raise money. The amendment passed a vote, but failed to gain unanimous ratification by the states. That failure led Madison to long study of the weakness of the government under the Articles, and the need to create a stronger central authority. He studied the history of other republics, including those of antiquity, often in their original languages of Greek and Latin. By 1787, no man had a more formed idea of the future American government. But he needed allies to make it a reality.
Hamilton went to the Constitutional Convention as an authority on finance and trade. Wikimedia
6. Alexander Hamilton was unsure of his own ancestry
Unlike James Madison, who came from a distinguished Virginia family, Alexander Hamilton was born out-of-wedlock. The year of his birth, on the island of Nevis, is uncertain. His mother was a bigamist, and her death left Hamilton and his brother, James, orphaned. Their father had abandoned them some time before. By the late 1760s, Hamilton worked for an import-export firm in New York, operating out of various Caribbean ports. Because of the circumstances of his birth, Hamilton could not be educated in the schools of the Church of England. He largely educated himself through reading, supplemented by a private tutor. In 1772 he moved to New York, where he undertook to prepare himself to enter King's College, today's Columbia University. He served with Washington during the American Revolution, spending four years of the war as the General's chief aide.
After returning to New York following the victory at Yorktown Hamilton studied for several months before passing the bar exam in 1782. In 1784 he founded the Bank of New York. He went to the Constitutional Convention well-versed in finance, law, and the weakness of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation. He became one of the earliest supporters of the Virginia Plan, and an ardent supporter of the draft constitution submitted to the states for ratification in 1787. The convention kept no minutes of its debates, all that was left to posterity were the notes kept by its delegates which have survived. Madison kept meticulous, extensive notes, over 100 pages. Hamilton's are less so, though from the essays which followed arguing in support of ratification his position during the convention can be readily inferred.
John Jay, a skilled New York attorney and experienced foreign affairs minister. Wikimedia
7. John Jay was the third man to publish essays under the name of Publius
John Jay grew up in Rye, New York, entering King's College in 1760, at the age of 14. A member of the New York bar from 1768, Jay spent the pre-Revolutionary War years practicing law. For a time he supported reconciliation with the British Parliament through legal redress of grievances. By 1776, Jay supported independence, and he spent the war years working toward that goal. He served in the First and Second Continental Congresses, including as President of the latter from late 1778 to September of 1779, one of the most tumultuous years of the war. Jay then served as Minister to Spain, where he extracted a loan from the government for the United States, but he failed to gain Spanish recognition of American independence. He then joined the peace conference in Paris which ended the war and achieved British recognition of the United States of America.
On his return to America, he served in the Articles of Confederation Congress as Secretary of Foreign Affairs, where he experienced first-hand the weakness of the federal government. Jay recognized that a strong national foreign policy was impossible under the government of the Articles. He sided with Madison and Hamilton to create a strong central government. He particularly noted that the Congress had no authority to enforce its actions in any area. "In short, they may consult, and deliberate, and recommend, and make requisitions, and they who please may regard them", he wrote. Jay was the third man of the triumvirate who fought for ratification via the Federalist Papers, though his contribution was small. Ill health prevented him from contributing more than five articles. Nor did he participate in the Constitutional Convention. His support of the constitution came from his experience with the weakness of the Articles of Confederation.
George Clinton, first governor of New York and staunch anti-federalist. New York Public Library
8. Opposition to the proposed Constitution appeared in New York within days of submission
Just days after the draft Constitution was presented to the states for ratification, a letter appeared in the New York Journal, signed by "Cato". Although Cato's identity remains uncertain, most historians believe him to have been then New York governor George Clinton. Initially, Clinton supported amending the Articles of Confederation to create a stronger central government. His support of fellow New Yorker Alexander Hamilton wavered when he learned of the proposal, under the Constitution, to give the power of creating tariffs to Congress. Tariffs provided the main source of income to New York, and losing them threatened the state's financial well-being. He also became an early and vocal supporter of a Bill of Rights, arguing the proposed Constitution did not adequately protect the rights of citizens against government transgressions.
Addressed as a "Letter to the Citizens of New York", Cato's first letter did not openly condemn the proposed Constitution but warned citizens to be wary of its contents. "Government, to an American, is the science of his political safety, Cato noted. He then went on to warn Americans that, "this is a very important crisis of your safety and character". Cato told his readers to, "…teach the members of that convention, that you are capable of a supervision of their conduct". He warned that the time was present to amend the proposed Constitution before it was ratified, or even, if necessary, rewrite the document in its entirety. "Your fate, and that of your posterity, depends on your present conduct". Cato told his readers to consider their decisions carefully, reminding them, "in principles of politics, as well as in religious faith, every man ought to think for himself".
Hamilton chose the name of Publius, one of the founders of the Roman Republic, as the "author" of the Federalist Papers. Wikimedia
9. Cato hinted the new Constitution could lead to the suppression of individual liberties
In his first letter, Cato mentioned in passing the concentration of power in the hands of a few, as well as the existence of a permanent standing army, under the control of the President. "If you find that the influence of a powerful few, or the exercise of a standing army, will always be directed and exerted for your welfare alone, and not to the aggrandizement of themselves…adopt it," he wrote. "…if it will not, reject it with indignation – better to be where you are, for the present, than insecure ever afterward." He asked his readers to consider the government of the Netherlands, telling them that under the Constitution they would find themselves, "…under a government substantially similar to theirs". Cato did not specifically support or denounce the proposed new government. Rather he counseled his readers to consider it with extreme caution.
Cato closed his letter by informing his readers he would, when circumstances warranted, provide "such observations, on this new constitution, as will tend to promote your welfare, and be justified by reason and truth." Subsequent letters did appear, by Cato, other writer, using the names Brutus and Centinel, and others. Patrick Henry argued against the document using his own name. Some of the papers, which came to be known as the anti-federalist papers, were written as rebuttals of the essays submitted to the New York papers by Publius (the trio of Hamilton, Madison, and Jay). Unlike the Federalist Papers, 85 essays written by Publius, there exists no accepted canon for the anti-federalist papers, which continued to appear following ratification, before falling into relative obscurity.
An annotated draft of an essay by John Jay from 1787. Wikimedia
10. Hamilton decided to take the argument for ratification to the people
Hamilton decided to respond to the arguments against the proposed Constitution with a well-planned and executed campaign. To do so more effectively, he sought the support and contributions from James Madison and John Jay. It was Hamilton who selected the pseudonym Publius, and he decided to publish the essays in New York newspapers, knowing they would be picked up by other newspapers throughout the states. Publius Valerius Poplicola was one of four Roman citizens who overthrew the monarchy in 509 BCE, establishing the Roman Republic. It was not the first time Hamilton had used the name when he published the first of what became the Federalist Papers. During the Revolutionary War, Hamilton used the name when he published letters revealing Samuel Chase had used inside information to engage in profiteering in supplies to the army.
The initial essay, which appeared in The Independent Journal, a New York newspaper, was written by Hamilton. In it, he described the purpose of the series of essays to follow, as well as the subjects each essay would address. Hamilton described the necessity of replacing the Articles of Confederation, its weaknesses, and the manner in which the proposed Constitution addressed and corrected them. He also described the sources of opposition to the Constitution. Some of these he ascribed to "venomous bias", though he also recognized reasonable arguments and announced he would try to address them with equally reasonable explanations. He addressed himself to the citizens of New York, urging them to consider with open minds, rather than be swayed by, "…all attempts, from whatever quarter, to influence your decision in a matter of the utmost moment to your welfare".
Announcement of Virginia's ratification of the Constitution in the Independent Journal, July 2, 1788. Wikimedia
11. Other newspapers began reprinting the essays in New York within days
The first of the essays written by Publius appeared in The Independent Journal on October 27, 1787. The New York Packet and The Daily Advertiser began reprinting the articles, with the three newspapers agreeing to a schedule for their appearance. Within a month seven essays had been printed and reprinted, the first, sixth, and seventh written by Hamilton. Jay wrote the others. Jay's essays were titled "Concerning Dangers from Foreign Force and Influence". He argued that only a strong union of all the states could ensure lasting security and prosperity. In his view, sovereign individual states would look first to their own security, without concern for those of another region. Thus, individual sovereign states weakened the nation as a whole. He also addressed the need for a national military supported by all the states, rather than each state relying on its own militia for its security.
Jay's arguments were timely. Following the recognition of American independence, merchants of the new nation lost the protection of the Royal Navy for their shipping. Piratical activities in the Mediterranean were already plaguing the young United States, which had disbanded the Continental Navy at the end of the Revolutionary War. Several individual states authorized their own "navies", which was impractical and inefficient. Arming merchant ships added expenses to trade, in return for relatively little protection. At the same time, Native American raids on the rapidly expanding frontier (often encouraged by the British), demonstrated the need for a unified army to defend the territories of the Old Northwest. The British retained some of their forts in the territories, in violation of the Treaty of Paris. Jay argued that only a strong central government supported by unified states could successfully address such issues.
Shays' Rebellion, an uprising against tax collectors in Massachusetts, demonstrated the inadequacy of the national government. Wikimedia
12. Hamilton used the essays to address the issue of conflict between the states
In essay number six, first published on November 14, 1787, Hamilton argued that a weak central government held no power to resolve differences between the states. He presented the view of internal dissension leading to conflicts between the states, much to the delight of foreign nations. He cited examples of republics and city-states of antiquity in his arguments. Hamilton wrote the failure of the Ancient Greeks to unify led them to constant wars among themselves, and eventually their collapse. Examples of failed republics of history included the Roman Republic, Sparta, Carthage, and others. The recent uprising in Massachusetts known as Shays' Rebellion is presented as an example of what could be expected in the future should the Constitution not create a strong central government.
Hamilton's arguments drew a direct response from anti-federalists. Their published response attacked the Constitution itself, rather than Hamilton's arguments supporting it. Chiefly, they decried the lack of the rights of citizens being inserted in the document. While Hamilton envisioned a strong republic which eventually would cover the continent, his opponents foresaw a loose confederation of individual nation states, more allies than united by one government. Federalist 6, and its immediate successor, Federalist 7, also written by Hamilton, remained sources of debate during the Nullification Crisis, the secession crisis, and in modern times. In Federalist 7, Hamilton argued that disunited states would likely find reasons to go to war with each other. Though anti-federalists dismissed that argument, Hamilton's point was proven correct in 1861.
Madison served in the Confederation Congress in New York at the time he wrote his essays for the Federalists. Wikimedia
13. Madison's first submission appeared as Federalist 10
On November 22, 1787, Publius submitted Federalist 10 in The Daily Advertiser. It was the first of the Federalist papers to make its initial appearance in that newspaper. In the preceding essay, written by Hamilton, the dangers of factions to the nation were introduced. Madison expanded upon Hamilton's arguments in Federalist 10. He described the emergence of factions as irretrievably linked to property. "Those who hold and those who are without property have ever formed distinct interests in society". Madison wrote the causes of faction were innate to human nature, and thus the only means of preventing its damage to the nation and government were to control its effects. Eliminating factions was impossible, but limiting its damage imperative for a free nation to survive.
Madison argued that a large republic, with representative government, had a greater chance of survival than a confederation of small democracies. The anti-federalists disputed this notion, arguing that the diverse regional interests of the emerging nation could not possibly be governed equably by central authority. It was Madison's Federalist 10 that explained the principle that the rights of the minority must be defended and protected by the majority, and that only the federal government created by the Constitution could ensure this. Otherwise, the states would be subject to the tyranny of a majority faction. Thus, certain liberties had to be restrained to limit the influence of factionalism. Federalist 10 serves as evidence that the Constitution was intended by its creators to avoid the emergence of partisan politics, though the seedlings of political parties were sown during its ratification debate.
The demands of anti-federalists in several states led to the adoption of the Bill of Rights after ratification. Wikimedia
14. Madison listened to the arguments of the anti-federalists and proposed corrections to the Constitution
Both Alexander Hamilton and James Madison initially opposed specifying individual rights within the Constitution. Madison believed that specifically citing some rights would lead to the exclusion of those not cited. During the debate over ratification, Madison applied the arguments of the anti-federalists to the proposed Constitution. While many he rejected out of hand, others he considered more carefully. During the debate, he drafted a series of corrective measures, seventeen in all, to address the issues raised by the anti-federalists. They were not proposed until after the Constitution had been ratified, and were not part of the Federalist Papers. Instead, the measures were proposed as amendments to the Constitution, the first ten comprising the Bill of Rights. Another, the second measure proposed by Madison, became law as the 27th Amendment in 1992.
One of the chief arguments of the anti-federalists during the ratification debate hinged on the perceived difficulty presented by amending the Constitution. Federalists argued that such difficulties were required in order to maintain a continuity of government. Otherwise, factions such as powerful banking interests could easily change the role of government at their whim. Yet Madison came to agree that flexibility was necessary for the government to adapt to changing society, as the nation expanded and grew in population. The debate over ratification and its impact on the thinking of James Madison, in particular, is clear in his role first opposing, then supporting, and finally authoring the Bill of Rights. Following ratification, Madison ran for the House of Representatives in Virginia. During his campaign, he promised to submit a Bill of Rights to Congress during his term.
Local militia stand against British regulars in Lexington, Massachusetts, April 19, 1775. Wikimedia
15. Hamilton wrote an essay defining a "well-regulated militia" in Federalist 29
On January 9, 1788, Alexander Hamilton published Federalist 29, under the usual pseudonym of Publius. It appeared in The Independent Journal, and it was out of sequence. By then Federalist 36 had already appeared in print. Why Federalist 29 was out of sequence is unknown, but it dealt on a subject which had always been in the hands of the states, even when those states had been British colonies. Titled Concerning the Militia, Hamilton presented his thoughts about what a well-regulated militia should be. He argued for small, well-trained, militia units maintained by the individual states, but subject to the call of the other states when necessary. Such necessities could include insurrections, foreign attacks, and other crises of an undefined character. To Hamilton, a well-regulated militia included small uniformed units, with each state providing its own units.
"Little more can be reasonably aimed at, with respect to the people at large, than to have them properly armed and equipped; and in order to see that this be not neglected, it will be necessary to assemble them once or twice in the course of the year", Hamilton wrote. Hamilton argued the state militias served as a check on government tyranny. The anti-federalists disagreed, arguing they could easily be used by the federal government to impose unwanted laws. Hamilton responded in writing, "Wherein in the name of common sense, are our fears to end if we may not trust our sons, our brothers, our neighbors, our fellow citizens?" The term "well-regulated militia' later appeared in the Second Amendment, as a prelude to the right to bear arms. It has been a point of contention between Second Amendment supporters and gun control activists for decades.
John Hancock helped engineer a compromise with the Federalists to ensure ratification in Massachusetts. Wikimedia
16. The ratification debate grew more rancorous even as states voted for the Constitution
By January 9, 1788, five states had ratified the Constitution; Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, and Connecticut. Under the terms provided by the Confederation Congress when it submitted the document to the states, nine states were required for it to go into effect in those which had ratified. Notably absent states were in which the debate over ratification was loudest, Massachusetts, Virginia, and New York. Between January 11, 1788, and February 20, 1788, James Madison submitted 21 essays, explaining the Constitution, the government which it would create, and its relationship to the individual states, as well as the people. Following that impressive display of energy, Madison composed just two more essays, submitted on February 27 and March 1, 1788. By then, Massachusetts had joined in ratifying the Constitution, after its convention entered a compromise.
Massachusetts was evenly divided among Federalists and anti-federalists. Among the latter were two leaders of the Revolution, John Hancock and Samuel Adams. It was they who proposed a compromise which broke the deadlocked convention. They agreed to support ratification if the letter which announced the fact also included a recommendation to amend the Constitution to correct perceived deficiencies. The compromise included a promise of Federalist support for the recommendation. How much the Federalist Papers persuaded the Massachusetts leaders to give even grudging support for ratification has been debated ever since. Massachusetts made six, but the critical states of New York and Virginia, the homes of Hamilton and Madison respectively, remained openly opposed to the Constitution. Both states' governors were strongly anti-federalist. Neither appeared open to compromise.
Jay's final contribution to the Federalist Papers described the power of the Senate in foreign affairs. Wikimedia
17. John Jay returned for one last essay, Federalist 64 in March 1788
Federalist 64 was published on March 5, 1788. The essay is one of just four which exist in the original, all of which are in Jay's hand. In Federalist 64, Jay broke with his fellows regarding the role of the Senate in negotiating treaties. While most of the founders believed the Senate was responsible for that role, Jay argued the main power for foreign treaties sat with the Executive Branch, acting with the advice and consent of the Senate. That approval, under the Constitution, required two-thirds of the Senate supporting the treaty. Most interpreted the "advise and consent" entry to give the Senate the power to overturn treaties which did not meet its approval. Jay argued "advise and consent" gave the President leeway to decide when he needed its assistance in negotiating a treaty.
At the time it was written, Jay had more experience negotiating treaties than either Madison or Hamilton. He called on his experience, arguing the Senate represented the states and had less exposure to foreign affairs than the President. Over the course of American history, Presidents have come to rely on executive agreements between heads of state over treaties. Executive agreements allow the President to enter into foreign relationships without dealing with potential political difficulties in the Senate. The process developed early, and since the beginning of the 20th century, such agreements far outnumber formal treaties. Anti-federalists argued against Jay's stance, and also opined the terms for the Senate, six years rather than a Representative's two and the President's four, were excessive. Jay disagreed, and defended the longer terms as essential for legislative experience.
Certification of electors from the State of Delaware, 1789. Wikimedia
18. New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify the Constitution
On June 21, 1788, New Hampshire ratified the Constitution, meeting the nine states required for the document to become law. The Confederation Congress was established December 15, 1788, as the date federal elections would begin in the nine states, with the election continuing through January 10, 1789. The states were to elect Representatives to the house, and electors to vote for President and Vice-President. Senators were elected by state legislatures. Not until 1913 did American voters vote directly for their Senators, as the Constitution read, "The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof for six years…" Each of the men composing essays as Publius supported such a composition of the Senate. All of them feared what some called "mob rule", which would result from uninformed voters following factionalism.
The new government, under the Constitution, was scheduled to begin operating on March 4, 1789. But where it would be seated remained uncertain. New York had not ratified the Constitution, nor had Virginia. New York finally ratified the Constitution after weeks of contentious debate on July 26, 1788. Its ratification letter, (drafted by Jay and amended by Hamilton), called for the states to join in another convention for the purpose of amending the document it had just ratified. It listed 31 amendments, and 25 specifics to be included in a bill of rights. In the end, another convention proved unnecessary. Madison, elected to the House from Virginia (which ratified in June 1788) introduced amendments in Congress which led to the Bill of Rights during his first term. The government began operating on schedule, but with just eleven states in the Union.
A bound edition of the Federalist Papers, signed at the top by Hamilton's wife, Elizabeth. Wikimedia
19. The list of essays known as the Federalist Papers came to a close in August, 1788
Alexander Hamilton wrote the last of the Federalist Papers, publishing the 85th essay on August 13 and 18, 1788. In it, he admitted the Constitution, as already ratified by several states, was imperfect. Yet he argued that imperfection was not sufficient reason to delay adopting it as the basis for government. "I never expect to see a perfect work from imperfect man", he wrote. He argued that in order to bind the mutual interests of the states, "compromise of the dissimilar interests and inclinations" was necessary. To Hamilton, no compromise offered perfection, writing, "How can perfection spring from such materials". Hamilton argued that opposition to a strong national government arose from "powerful individuals" seeking to maintain their own regional power and influence. Much of Hamilton's essay attacked the leaders of the anti-federalist faction in New York, where the ratification debate had been particularly bitter.
Even before the Federalist Papers had been completed, copies of those already published had been gathered and bound in volumes. How widely they were disseminated during the ratification debates in several states is unknown. Surely Madison made certain they were available in Virginia, his home state, and they were published in New York. Yet those states were among the last to ratify, and both did so conditionally upon the enactment of a Bill of Rights, among other changes to the document. Rhode Island and North Carolina did not ratify the Constitution until after the first Washington administration was inaugurated. Both demanded changes to the document in their letters notifying Congress of their ratification. In 1791, Vermont formed a convention and ratified the Constitution, becoming the first state outside of the original 13 to join the Union.
Alexander Hamilton helped create America's financial system before dying at the hands of Aaron Burr. Wikimedia
20. The three men who wrote as Publius remained active in the new government
James Madison served four consecutive terms in the House, as Secretary of State under Thomas Jefferson, and as the fourth President of the United States. He came to be widely regarded as the Father of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Alexander Hamilton served as Washington's first Secretary of the Treasury. His efforts helped place the United States under a stable financial system. He also made numerous political enemies, became embroiled in scandals, and eventually died following a duel with the then sitting Vice-President, Aaron Burr. John Jay served as the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and later as Governor of New York. In 1795 he negotiated the Jay Treaty, which gave the United States "most favored nation" status in trade with Great Britain but failed to address American grievances. The treaty helped create party factionalism within the new government.
How much the Federalist Papers contributed to ratification remains controversial. But there is no question they contributed to the creation of political parties by publicizing the rift between the Federalists and anti-federalists. The latter morphed into the Democratic-Republican party, led by Jefferson and Madison. The former became the Federalist Party of Hamilton, Jay, and John Adams. Federalists influenced the form of the Supreme Court for the next thirty years, through John Jay and later John Marshall. George Washington despaired of the formation of partisan political parties in American government, and famously warned against them, to no avail. The Federalist Papers, though relatively obscure, continue to affect American government, used by judges and legislators to determine the intent of the Founders when interpreting the Constitution they were written to support. As of 2000, the Supreme Court has cited the essays by Madison, Hamilton, and Jay, in 291 legal decisions.
"Articles of Confederation: Historical Background". Official Publication, Government Printing Office. Online
"The Virginia Plan". Article, United States Senate. Online
"The Constitutional Convention". Article, Constitutionfacts.com. Online
"James Madison, 1751 – 1836". Entry, Miller Center, University of Virginia. Online
"A Leap in the Dark: The Struggle to Create the American Republic". John Ferling. 2003
"Alexander Hamilton". Entry, George Washington's Mount Vernon. Online
"John Jay". Article, Oyez.org. Online
"George Clinton". Entry, Miller Center, UVA. Online
"The anti-federalist papers". Article, Historical Society of the New York Courts. Online
"Federalist 1, General Introduction". Alexander Hamilton. 1787. Online
"Federalist 2-5, Concerning Dangers from Foreign Force and Influence". John Jay. 1787. Online
"Historical Overview of the Federalist Navy, 1787-1801" Article, US Navy History and Heritage Command. Online
"Federalist 6-7, Concerning Dangers from Dissensions Between the States". Alexander Hamilton. 1787. Online
"Federalist 10, The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection". James Madison. 1787.
"27th Amendment: Congressional Compensation 1789, 1992″. James Madison. Online
"Federalist 29, Concerning the Militia". Alexander Hamilton. 1788. Online
"The Ratification Debate". Essay, Bill of Rights Institute. Online
"Federalist 64, The Powers of the Senate". John Jay, 1788. Online
"Direct Election of Senators". Article, United States Senate. Online
"The Significance of March 4". Article, United States Senate. Online
"Federalist 85, Concluding Remarks". Alexander Hamilton. 1788
"Federalist Papers". Editors, History.com. January 28, 2020


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The 1988–89 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team represented the University of Michigan in intercollegiate college basketball during the 1988–89 season. The head coach was Bill Frieder, who was dismissed before the 1989 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament and replaced by assistant Steve Fisher.The Michigan Wolverines comprise 27 varsity sports teams at the University of Michigan. These teams compete in the NCAA's Division I and in the Big Ten Conference in all sports except women's water polo, which competes in the NCAA inter-divisional Collegiate Water Polo Association.
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From 1918 to 1991 Yugoslavia was a united country made up of six republics (shown in the larger map). Several new countries emerged from the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991–92. The inset shows the national boundaries in 2003.


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Home » HEADlines » Another Successful Fall Events Series In The Books For HEADstrong
Another Successful Fall Events Series In The Books For HEADstrong
October was a busy month here at HEADstrong. We kicked off our Fall Events series on 10/5 with our Nick Colleluori Classic at Hofstra University. The weekend was emotional for the Colleluori family but the event as a whole was a success and was a great way to kick start the Fall Events series for the foundation.
Following the event at Hofstra was the Men's University City Classic at Penn. Penn, Army, Albany and John Hopkins faced off in a series of scrimmages. Each team showed their support for HEADstrong in their own unique way. Some had green laces, green string on their sticks, but Penn and Hopkins took it one step further wearing lime green pinnies and t-shirts for the event complete with the HEADstrong logo.
During intermission between the scrimmages, HEADstrong gathered each team and their family and friends to midfield for a presentation. Cheryl shared her story and explained to the athletes the importance of the event. That it is more than just lacrosse. To help drive the mission home that much more, two local families whose loved ones are battling cancer were in attendance. Drew Stranix and PJ Kent received checks for financial assistance from HEADstrong.
UCC Nick Colleluori Award Winners:
Penn- Adam Goldner
Army- Matt Manown
John Hopkins- Forry Smith
Albany- Steven Kunz
The following weekend 3 events took place. On Saturday Cabrini held their DIII Classic where Cabrini, Catholic and Fairleigh Dickinson played in a series of scrimmages.
On Sunday 10/20 Lafayette hosted the Nick Colleluori Classic. Teams that participated in the event were Drexel, Lafayette and St. Johns. Lafayette's John Natoli was their Nick Colleluori Award recipient. He has raised over $8,000 for HEADstrong this year alone and almost $20,000 over the last three years. This was an extremely emotional event for all involved. Thirteen year old Jack Ohl has been battling leukemia and it hasn't been the easiest journey for him. The athletes did what they do best and they rallied around Jack to show him that he is not alone during his fight.
"Hosting the Nick Colleluori Classic in Fisher Stadium this October was truly an honor and pleasure for our program. The ages of 18-22 are transformative years for our young men, and it is extremely humbling and impactful for them to be familiar with the Nick Colleluori narrative. The work that the HEADstrong foundation is doing within the Lehigh Valley as well as nationally is truly special. We are looking forward to future opportunities to work with the HEADstrong Foundation." said Patrick Myers Lafayette Head Coach.
The Penn Women's University City Classic also took place on 10/20 at Franklin Field. Penn, Penn State and Virginia Tech participated in the event. Nine year old Maddie O'Keefe from Berwyn was the benefactor of this event but due to some complications in treatment, she was unable to be in attendance. Her dad accepted the financial assistance on her behalf, and is forever grateful for HEADstrong and all of their help during this extremely difficult time.
Nick Colleluori Award Winners:
Penn- Erin Barry
Penn State- Kristin Roberto
Virginia Tech- Taylor Caskey
The Fall Events series is a way for HEADstrong to spread the mission both on and off the lacrosse field that their founder Nick Colleluori loved so much.
"Thirteen years later Nick's spirit continues to shine. He chose the perfect name for the organization, it defines our efforts as we work to improve lives affected by cancer. More importantly, it defines those fighting for their lives. We are HEADstrong! Thank you for being part of the HEADstrong family!" remarked Cheryl Colleluori, HEADstrong President and Nick's Mom.


text:
Андухар:

 Андухар — город и муниципалитет в Испании, входит в провинцию Хаэн, в составе автономного сообщества Андалусия.
 Андухар, Даниэль Гарсия (1966) — художник визуальных медиа, активист и теоретик искусства из Испании.
 Андухар, Мариано (род. 1983) — аргентинский футболист, вратарь.
 Андухар, Мигель (род. 1995) — доминиканский бейсболист.
 Андухар, Пабло (род. 1986) — испанский профессиональный теннисист.
 Андухар, Хорхе (род. 1987) — испанский футболист, защитник.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Ukrainian Refugees: Resources from the Church of England
War in Ukraine: responding
The brutal war in Ukraine has triggered the largest war-related migration of people since the Balkan War of the 1990s. This page contains information for parishes and individuals seeking to respond.
The UN estimates that 12 million people inside Ukraine will need relief and protection, while more than 4 million Ukrainian refugees may need protection and assistance in neighbouring countries in coming months.
Most of those fleeing are women and children, the elderly and the sick. Most are leaving with the few possessions they can carry.
Those left behind face an uncertain future. People are living with no food, no water, no heat, no electricity. They need urgent respite from violence and humanitarian assistance.
Despite the heart wrenching stories and distressing pictures coming out of Ukraine, there are practical ways in which we can all help to show solidarity and support with those most affected.
Parish toolkit
Download the toolkit
View safeguarding guidance – Homes for Ukraine (safeguarding e-manual page)
Isle of Man Specific Information
The Isle of Man Homes for Ukraine Scheme is now open for members of the community to register their interest in becoming hosts for those fleeing the conflict.
Registration for the scheme can be found on this Weblink
Anyone who wishes to host Ukrainian nationals or offer an empty property is now able to express their interest using the new form. This will collate information including whether the host is offering a spare room or an empty property, how long the host is willing to take part in the scheme and other important details.
It is essential that those interested in signing up for the scheme read the support information carefully to understand the requirements of the scheme, in particular the commitment of six months. It also includes details of other checks that will be required to ensure that the environment being offered is appropriate and safe for both hosts and guests.
This scheme is distinct from the UK Government's approach and provides a locally-tailored solution.
A full list of frequently asked questions is also available for those considering taking part in the scheme.
Cabinet Office Minister Kate Lord-Brennan MHK said: 'We have decided to create our own scheme instead of following the UK approach, to better meet the needs of our community. I would ask those interested in becoming hosts to fill in the Isle of Man online form rather than using the UK's. This new scheme is another step in facilitating those who are fleeing the conflict to come to the Isle of Man as a safe haven.'
Changes to immigration
In addition to the launch of the scheme, from today the Ukraine family route has also been extended to those in the Isle of Man who may hold limited leave to remain, such as people here for employment purposes, and wish to bring over their extended family.
From today, visa applications are also open for hosts to sponsor named Ukrainians (i.e. friends, work colleagues, extended family, etc) and their immediate family members to the Isle of Man. If you already have a named contact whom you wish to sponsor you should speak to them directly and fill in the visa application with both sets of details.
Work is continuing with partner organisations to understand what else the Island might do to support the people of Ukraine and in particular those who have taken refuge in the region.
The first thing we can do is pray. On the morning of the invasion of Ukraine the Archbishop of Canterbury and York issued a call for people to pray for the people of Ukraine and Russia and for peace.
Please find below two prayers which can be used to pray for the situation.
We also have a page of resources including prayers and readings chosen for prayer services for Ukraine.
Prayer for the Peace of the World
Almighty God,
from whom all thoughts of truth and peace proceed:
kindle, we pray, in the hearts of all, the true love of peace
and guide with your pure and peaceable wisdom
those who take counsel for the nations of the earth
that in tranquillity your kingdom may go forward,
till the earth is filled with the knowledge of your love;
through Jesus Christ your Son our Lord,
who is alive and reigns with you,
in the unity of the Holy Spirit,
one God, now and for ever.
Download the prayer for the Peace of the World graphic
A Prayer for Ukraine
God of peace and justice,
we pray for the people of Ukraine today.
We pray for peace and the laying down of weapons.
We pray for all those who fear for tomorrow,
that your Spirit of comfort would draw near to them.
We pray for those with power over war or peace,
for wisdom, discernment and compassion
to guide their decisions.
Above all, we pray for all your precious children, at risk and in fear,
that you would hold and protect them.
We pray in the name of Jesus, the Prince of Peace.
Archbishop Justin Welby
Archbishop Stephen Cottrell
Download the prayer for Ukraine graphic
There are two safe and secure ways where your gift can support those most in need:
The first is through the Disasters Emergency Committee's Ukraine Humanitarian Appeal which is supported by a number of charities including Christian Aid, the ecumenical relief and development agency of the British and Irish churches. Your gift will help provide food, bedding and temporary accommodation for people who have fled the war in Ukraine.
The second is through the USPG-Diocese in Europe Emergency Appeal which is looking to support the front line work of chaplaincies across Europe as well as Christian charities carrying out humanitarian work both in Ukraine and responding to the arrival of refugees in neighbouring countries.
Please avoid organising charitable collection of toys, clothes and bedding as this is often inappropriate and not what is most needed.
There are thought to be more than three million refugees who have now fled Ukraine. Many of these will seek to join family or friends in other European nations. The UK Government has announced that there will be two routes for Ukrainians fleeing the war to reach the UK.
The first is a family visa system which is open to the extended family members of Ukrainians with permanent status in the UK (e.g. Indefinite Leave to Remain), and Ukrainian family members of British nationals and EU citizens with settled or pre-settled status. If you are in touch with Ukrainians in your community you can direct them to how to apply and the eligibility rules here.
Details of how individuals, companies and community groups can sponsor Ukrainians without family ties are now coming out. You can read fuller details of this in the toolkit above.
A UK Government FAQ and registration of interest form are now live. You can also register your interest as a potential sponsor at Sanctuary Foundation.
We will update this site regularly as more details emerge. The scheme is expected to launch for individuals on Friday 18/03/2022
The Diocese of Sodor and Man is supportive of our Government's declared intention to receive refugees from Ukraine.
Parishes or individuals considering offering space to refugees are advised to read the Toolkit and Safeguarding Guidance (link) from the Church of England, alongside resources from our own Government. For clergy living in church-owned housing who are thinking of offering space in their home to a refugee or family, if your offer to provide accommodation is accepted, you are advised to contact our Diocesan Safeguarding Adviser ([email protected] ) and the Diocesan Board of Finance, in addition to your own insurance company regarding the change in household circumstances.
There are many ways in which we can give support, comfort and encouragement to refugees who may come to our Island, practically and prayerfully, and our task must be to receive them with sufficient warmth and care to enable them to recover from the traumatic experience of these past weeks. This is a process that will require several months at least, in which we may wish to work together as parishes and indeed with other denominations and communities of faith. Let us pray for all who may come to us and, in whatever way, welcome them gently into our midst.


Temperature is one of the most commonly measured parameter in the world. They are used in your daily household devices from Microwave,fridges, AC to all fields of engineering. Temperature sensor basically measures the heat/cold generated by an object to which it is connected. It then provides a proportional resistance, current or voltage output which is then measured or processed as per our application.
Resistive Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD).
Semiconductor based. (LM35, DS1820 etc).
In this article we will be discussing about LM35 Temperature Sensor which is a semiconductor based sensor. LM35 Temperature Sensor is basically a very low cost and easily available Sensor.
What is LM35 Temperature Sensor?
LM35 is an integrated analog temperature sensor whose electrical output is proportional to Degree Centigrade. LM35 Sensor does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies. The LM35's low output impedance, linear output, and precise inherent calibration make interfacing to readout or control circuitry especially easy.
How Does LM35 Sensor Work?
Main advantage of LM35 is that it is linear i.e. 10mv/°C which means for every degree rise in temperature the output of LM35 will rise by 10mv. So if the output of LM35 is 220mv/0.22V the temperature will be 22°C. So if room temperature is 32°C then the output of LM35 will be 320mv i.e. 0.32V.
As such no extra components required to interface LM35 to ADC as the output of LM35 is linear with 10mv/degree scale. It can be directly interfaced to any 10 or 12 bit ADC. But if you are using an 8-bit ADC like ADC0808 or ADC0804 an amplifier section will be needed if you require to measure 1°C change.
LM35 can also be directly connected to Arduino. The output of LM35 temperature can also be given to comparator circuit and can be used for over temperature indication or by using a simple relay can be used as a temperature controller.
If you are interested in getting reading in degree Fahrenheit you can use LM34 Temperature sensor. It is same as LM35 except its electrical output is proportional to Degree Fahrenheit. It has same pin configuration and same voltage range as LM35.
You can also check out MCP9700 Temperature Sensor from microchip. MCP9700 can accurately measure temperature from -40C to +150C. The output of the MCP9700 is calibrated to a slope of 10mV/°C and has a DC offset of 500mV. The offset allows reading negative temperatures without the need for a negative supply. Basically the code for LM35 will not work for MCP9700.
If you are using a 8 bit ADC and want to measure 1°C change in temperature then you can also use MCP9701 Temperature Sensor from Microchip. The MCP9701 can accurately measure temperature from -10°C to +125°C. The output of the MCP9701 is calibrated to a slope of 19.53 mV/°C and has a DC offset of 400 mV. The offset allows reading negative temperatures without the need for a negative supply.
LM35 Interfacing to Raspberry PI: Measures Temperature using RPI3 and MCP3008 ADC.
LM35 interfacing to PIC Micrcontroller: Measures Temperature using PIC16f876 andDisplays on LCD.
LM35 circuit using Op-amps: Senses Temperature and accordingly indicates if it is above or below set level using LED's.
PIC based Temperature Controlled Fan: A project done using Microchip's PIC16f877a microcontroller which measures the room temperature and as the temperature increases the Fan speed increases.


A German pensioner flushed a fortune in banknotes down the toilet - because he mistakenly thought they were worthless.
The man had thousands of deutschmarks which he thought he could no longer change into euros.
Police in the northern German city of Kiel said the man decided to get rid of the notes by flushing them down the toilet.
He disposed of the 60,000 deutschmarks unaware they could still be exchanged for 30,000 euros - worth about £20,000.
Euros had become the official national currency in 2002.
Sewage workers recovered about half the sodden currency from the 64-year-old's plumbing.
The remaining notes created a bottleneck in local sewers, where most were fished out.
Police spokesman Uwe Voigt said: "He flushed the cash down the loo because he didn't think it was worth anything."
Mr Voigt said the pensioner, who lived in "spartan" circumstances had dried out the money and taken it to a local bank.
He added: "There may have been more cash that got away."
Oh my God! This man was very stupid, i think.
How many money is that in dollars?
Since the value of a euro compared to dollar is $1.28 with the euro as the stronger currency, the value of the money stolen was in US dollars was about $38,400.
With the British pound which is also stronger against the dollar, is $37,400.
The Euro used to be almost equal to the US dollar, but the € is more strong now.
60,000 dem = €30,677.51 eur, £20,970.38 gbp, or $39,650.91 usd. Would have been a tidy sum.
I have a friend who is part Philipina, and when she went there everything was incredibly cheap!
haha! that dumby! who flushes money down the TOILET anyway? it could get clogged. yeesh, i'm glad i'm pack-rat.
dang and me without my plunger!!!


Most areas in Okanagan-Similkameen H are very quiet, as there are usually low levels of noise from traffic.
The car is very often the preferred approach to move around in Okanagan-Similkameen H. It is very easy to park. Okanagan-Similkameen H is not very conducive to walking since almost no daily errands can be run on foot.
The sizeable proportion of single detached homes in the housing stock of Okanagan-Similkameen H is an important part of its character. Around one third of properties in this regional district electoral area were constructed in the 1960s and 1970s, while most of the remaining buildings were built pre-1960 and in the 1980s. This regional district electoral area offers mainly two bedroom and three bedroom homes. About 90% of the population of this regional district electoral area own their home whereas renters make up the remainder.
Okanagan-Similkameen H does not contain any high schools or primary schools. Moreover, families may consider it very hard for their children to reach daycares on foot. As far as food is concerned, a car is almost always required in Okanagan-Similkameen H to access the closest supermarket.
Joanne Bandstra -, Lighthouse Realty Ltd.


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Posts filed under 'Female Scholars'
Week 28: Discover. Internet. Faith. Bombs. Muslims. Should be Proud of. At OIS Graduation.
Host: Omar (greenkufi) & Ahmed Khalil
Event Recap: 2nd Annual Journey of Faith Conference in Toronto:
They "seek to revolutionize the arena of Islamic Conferences" quoted
from their blog by putting up Transit ads in Toronto and public
newspaper ads like the Metro.
SubhanAllah.. one ad said "Life without Him is no Life at all" imagine
reading that as you browse through the billboard ads on the bus.
Remember the atheist ads that caused a ruckus here? Well, this is
certainly an excellent way to combat that.
I think one way for us Muslims to advance is to be more creative. Old,
boring, redundant methods go unnoticed. People always notice something
different, something new. For example, there was a man who lost his
job and he kept applying at different places but was unsuccessful in
finding a job. One day his wife made a great big sign that said, "My
husband is an engineer and is looking for a job" and parked at a big
industrial park.
Over the top…but creative!
So how do we go about being more creative? Well, one idea is to take a
discover u life course to find out.
Ok, ok, yah people in the community are a little hesitant to take a
discover u life course, but how many actually know anything about
Discover U?
Well, here's a clip of Muhammad Al Shareef explaining Discover U and
why you should attend. Check it out at http://www.discoverulife.com/
In my opinion EVERYONE should become more computer literate because
understanding the electronic world can really facilitate your path to
And almost EVERYTHING is connected to the Internet. In fact, I
borrowed my sister's PSP and my wife was not at all amused that I did,
but I downloaded an operating system on it and now it can be used as a
PDA. You can open documents, browse the internet or watch videos.
But do you know how the Internet came to be?
Here's a short film on the history of the Internet by Melih Bilgil,
which you can watch on youtube.
There was a time in my life time that the Internet did not exist! Can
you imagine life without the Internet now? We even depend on software
we download from the Internet for our salat..such as the Athan
And also to collect funds for distraught brothers and sisters around the world.
Truly a revolution.
Muslims also revolutionized the world, but unfortunately this is not
very well known.
Here's part of a documentary that talks about how Muslims invented the
astrolabe for navigation, determining the time for salat and other
reasons. You can watch the whole documentary called "What the Muslims
Did for the World" on you tube. Start: 1:18
You can watch the rest on You Tube entitled "What the Muslims Did for the World"
Why can't we become positive revolutionist in technology and the likes. For example, many people refer to the atomic bombs that Pakistan has developed as the Islamic Bomb. Why is it though that we couldn't develop these types of bombs. This is my kind of Bombs: SeedBombs of course. Instead of being inventors of destruction, why can't we be inventors of spreading goodness, beauty and benefit.
Here's an example of how backwards we've become. While at the height of Islamic enlightenment we had many Muslims women acting at levels that now a days are, for some peculiar reason have been left to men only. This Muslimah, for example, has been a judge in Sharia courts. [youtube]
Here are some enlightening thoughts from the valedictorian at the Ottawa Islamic School's high-school graduation ceremony.
A new segment on how to keep healthy with weekly tips.
In order to avoid spreading germs you should sneeze or cough in your
sleeves rather than your hands. Since we use our hands to touch things
it is very easy to spread our germs if we cough or sneeze in them.
So the next time you tell your child to cover his/her mouth make sure
their mouth is covered by their sleeve and not their hand.
By Yumna Rashid – Health Educator
Upcoming Action
JULY 11 > Carleton and Uottawa MSA BBQ: 12:00pm to 6:00pm at Vincent
Massery Park. Contact: Info@msacarleton.com
JULY 12 > GCMA invites you to their PICNIC 2009 at Britannia Park
(Trolley Station) from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m.
JULY 19 > Ottawa Main Mosque (OMA) is holding its 4th Annual BBQ from
10 am to 5 pm at Vincent Massy Park- Riverside Dr.
JULY 24-25-26, & AUG 1-2 > AlMaghrib Seminar "Collector's Edition
,Sharh Saheeh Bukhari" — Price: $135 if you register in a group of
ten — Email: ansar.p10@almaghrib.org
JULY 25/26 > Canada's Wonderland Trip hosted by MAC Youth.Ticket: $95
(includes transportation and admission) — Sign up Here!
Email or Call: info@ottawamacyouth.ca
July 7, 2009 at 12:41 pm GreenKufi Leave a comment
January 22, 2008 Broadcast (Torch Bearers – Female Scholars – Greenest City)
Host: Omar/Mafro
Audio Clips/Discussions::
Weekend of January 12th, Al Maghrib seminar: Torch Bearers a huge success.
– Taught by new Al Maghrib instructor Shaykh Saed Rageah
– It was the first one weekend seminar
– Class was about scholars in Islam. Here is a short summary of the scholars that were taught.
Hafsa Bint Seereen (who was a daughter of the Persian slave who married Safiyaa, a slave girl from the family of Abu Bakr raa. Hafsa Bint Seereen was quoted as "The master of the taabi'aat (the second generation)" by Ibn Abi Dawood.
Umm Darda'a As Sughraa, the wife of one of the greatest companions of the rasool sallahu alayhi wa sallam, Abu Darda. Umm Dara was a scholar of jurisprudence and hadeeth. Her story for her love for her husband is well known. Upon his death, Umm Darda said to her husband "You asked for my hand from my parents as a young lady and I am proposing to you to be my husband in Jannah." Later, when Mua'wiyyah (raa) proposed to her she said, "I will not accept to be the wife of anyone in the hereafter other than Abu Darda."
Abdullah bin Mubarak, quoted as "Al-Imam, Sheikh al-Islam, the scholar of his time, Amir of the righteous and he was a hafidh, mujahid.." by Ibn Wadhiah. He was incredibly well known for his knowledge of hadith and was considered the best faqih. His father worked for a farm owner. Once the owner came to the farm with his guests and asked his father to get the best pomegranate from the farm. He went and got an un-ripened one. The owner asked him to go again and get the best; however, he came back again with an unripened one. The owner showed at him in frustration, "O ahmaq, I asked for a ripened pomegranate, and you keep bringing un-ripened ones. What is wrong with you?" His father replied, "By Allah, I never tasted pomegranate before because you never gave me permission; therefore, I cannot tell the ripened from un-ripened." The owner was so impressed with his honesty that he married one of his daughters to him and the fruit of that marriage was Abdullah bin Mubarak. He was an incredibly humble and generous man who lived strictly according to the sunnah. He used to say that every God fearing believer is most certainly concerned about 4 things: 1) A sin that was committed and its fate is unknown (whether Allah accepted the repentance or not. 2) A life span full of uncertainty. 3) A test or trial that he/she looks at as a bounty. 4) Heedlessness of the heart that he/she may never come back from.
Fatimah bint Abdul Malik, who came from family of Khalifa's. She married Omar bin Abdul Aziz. She always lived a very very comfortable life, but she gave it all up when her husband Omar bin Abdul Aziz became khalifa and decided to live an incredibly simple life. We learn from her story the importance of humility for the sake of Allah.
Fatima Al Samarqandiyah, who's full name was Fatimah bint Muhammad bint Ahmad Al-Samarqandi (rahim Allah). Her father and husband were both jurists. She learnt a lot from her father and she had the capacity to authorize fatawa just as much as her father and her husband. She was very knowledgeable and it was well known that her husband would seek her advice in legal matters and would trust her verdict over his own.
Amrah bint Abdurrahman bin Sa'ad bin Zurarah Al Ansaari (raa) , grew up under the care of A'isha bint Abu Bakr (raa). She narrated a large number of ahadeeth and the scholars would not question any of her narrations from A'isha raa. She was incredibly gentle and kind in her dealings with others. Her kindness stemmed from the ahadeeth that she narrated from A'isha raa.
Laith bin Sa'ad was a master in fiqh and hadith and was known to be the 'behind the scenes' controller of Egypt in 94H. Alhafith Abu Nu'aim is known to have said "He, may Allah have mercy on him, was the fqaih, the huadith and the crown of Egypt. He was the governor, and the Judge. Anyone of authority in Egypt wouldn't do anything without his consent." Bin Wahab is quoted to have said "If it were not for Imam Malik and Imam Laith bin Sa'ad, people would go astray."
A'taa bin Abi Rabah who was a physically challenged slave who became one of the elite scholars at the time of the companians. Abu Hanifa who was one of his students is quoted to have said, "I have not seen anyone better than A'taa bin Abi Rabah." He was very humble and modest. He used to say "Learn 'ilm and Allah will elevate you. Don't disgrace yourself by being jahil and don't raise yourself by being 'alim." He used to be very very still in his salah and Ibn Jareej once quoted "I was with A'taa for 18 years. When he became old, he used to recite 200 ayahs in one rak'a and he would not move."
Zubaidah bint Jafar married Haroon Ar-Rashid in 165 AH during the khalifah of Al-Mahdi. She was known to be very generous, and with her own money she built large dwellings for travellers to rest during their journey, digging a well for Hujjaj in Makkah, building masajid and establishing a hifdh program for girls in her palace.
SubhanAllah Allah preserved the lives of these people so that others could be like them. These scholars are examples of individuals who were able to follow the footsteps of the rasool Allah sallallahu 'alayhi wa sallam in their lives. May Allah grant them peace.
Al Maghrib's upcoming class is called Chain of Command: Sciences of Hadith taught by Shaykh Abdulbary Yahya. This is a very important class as it teaches about muhadiths and how they were and are able to preserve the teachings of the rasoolAllah sallahu 'alayhi wa sallam by the will of Allah (swt). For more information please visit http://www.almaghrib.org/.
A signs of The Day: The Greenest City in the World – To be built in 10 years in Abu Dhabi:
http://www.arabnews.com/?page=6&section=0&article=105635&d=14&m=1&y=2008
Songs/Anasheed:
Title – Artist- Album – Time – Source (if available publicly)
The Mountain – Hamza Robertson – Show Me (4:19)
http://www.youtubeislam.com/view_video.php?viewkey=f9021694f6e51cc07fe3
You can't take it with you – Wharnsby, Bhikha, Abdul Malik (4:10)
http://tv.muxlim.com/video/7GghsFyfPDz
Jan 18,25,…
Light Upon Light: A Time to Reflect on our Book
Sheikh Abdurrahman Al-Hejazy, the Deputy Imam of the Main Ottawa Mosque
Every Friday at 7pm
Main Ottawa Mosque, 251 Northwestern Ave.
Jan 25, Feb. 8…
Under His Shade Exploring the Names of Allah
(SWT) – Featuring Al-Azhar Scholar Dr. Hadeer Abo El Nagah – MAC Youth Learn
Biweekly on Fridays, @ 7pm
5050 Minto Centre, Carleton University.
Learning from the Teddy Bear Incident: Key
Lessons for MSA Workers with Imam Zaid Shakir –
@ 10pm EST.
RSVP: E-mail msaconferencecall@msanational.org
to receive the call information today! .
17th Annual Symposium on Conflict Resolution
R.A. Centre, Ottawa – http://www.carleton.ca/ccer
Identity-based Conflict, Human Security and Peacekeeping.
International Writer's Festival – @ 7:30 pm
A Soldier's Memory of Sarajevo Under Siege with Fred Doucette
Library and Archives Canada, 395 Wellington Street
$12 General / $10 Student or Senior / Free for Festival Members
COMING SOON TO OTTAWA THE POPULAR NASHEED GROUP – NATIVE DEEN
Well, as you may or may not know…Native Deen is coming to town. Yes, they are coming to our very own Ottawa inshAllah ta'ala in February. Listen to Radio Islam on Sundays on Chin Radio from 8pm-9pm to hear more about that inshAllah or visit http://www.myo.ca/ and/or http://www.ottawamuslim.net/.
Here's an excellent new song by Native Deen called, "Not Afraid to Stand Alone" you can watch their new video on you tube inshAllah.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wAfUMfCtcDA&feature=related
e-mail: salam_ottawa@yahoo.ca
join our yahoo group by subscribing to subscribe@yahoogroups.com
January 21, 2008 at 5:01 pm Salam Ottawa Team 2 comments


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Serie Crepúsculo Club
Serie Crepúsculo Images on Fanpop
Serie Crepúsculo
Breaking Dawn Stills
added by Miley-Kristen
milkie and cici1264 like this
Twilight fondo de pantalla
BELLA & EDWARD as vampiros
vampiros A-Z
vampiros have existed in a variety of cultures almost since the dawn of time. Until the 19th century, they were believed to be monsters, rather than the stereotype of a más aristocratic being who could infiltrate the world around us, as popularised por Bram Stoker. Legend has developed since, with pop culture shows such as "Buffy the Vampire Slayer", which tackles concepts such as a vampire with a soul and possible redemption for a creature previously believed to have had no redeeming qualities whatsoever. Bella lists her observations when she is researching on the internet: "Speed, strength,...
My mother drove me to the airport with the windows rolled down. It was seventy-five degrees in Phoenix, the sky a perfect, cloudless blue. I was wearing my favorito! camisa, camiseta - sleeveless, white eyelet lace; I was wearing it as a farewell gesture. My carry-on item was a parka.
In the Olympic Peninsula of northwest Washington State, a small town named Forks exists under a near-constant cover of clouds. It rains on this inconsequential town más than any other place in the United States of America. It was from this town and its gloomy, omnipresent...
added by tichacosta
The Serie Crepúsculo Club
Serie Crepúsculo Wall
Serie Crepúsculo Updates
Serie Crepúsculo Images
Serie Crepúsculo Videos
Serie Crepúsculo Articles
Serie Crepúsculo Links
Serie Crepúsculo Forum
Serie Crepúsculo Polls
Serie Crepúsculo Quiz
Serie Crepúsculo Answers
Serie Crepúsculo Fans


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Vanbex Labs Sells Two Products to Hyperion Amid Fraud Investigation
Vanbex sells Rocket and CryptoTaxes to crypto exchange Hyperion Technologies amid ongoing investigation into alleged fraud during ICO.
Securities and cryptocurrency exchange Hyperion Technologies acquired two products developed by blockchain consulting firm Vanbex Labs, which is currently under investigation in British Columbia.
Vanbex announced in a post published on its blog on Sept. 4 that Hyperion had acquired Vanbex's blockchain solutions Rocket and CryptoTaxes.
The Forfeiture Office alleges that Vanbex and its partner Etherparty carried out their $22 million ICO FUEL token with the sole intention of pocketing the money. Canadian police froze Vanbex's assets, as Cointelegraph reported at the beginning of April.
Scam allegations
According to the office, the company received $22.5 million in the alleged crypto fraud, and attempted to liquidate their assets in response to an investigation by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. In late August, a Supreme Court judge in British Columbia, Canada, denied the defendants' motion to set aside the asset freeze.
At the beginning of May, Vanbex also filed a lawsuit against its former contractor for spreading false and defamatory statements about the firm. Vanbex's founder Cheng told Cointelegraph at the time that the firm knew with certainty that false claims by their former contractor "have created files with several government agencies," adding that business accounts have not been frozen.
Per the release, Rocket is a product meant to aid in smart contract development and deployment, as well as in the issuance of crypto assets. CryptoTaxes, on the other hand, reportedly simplifies tax filings for capital gains and losses in relation to crypto asset trading. The two products will be available through Hyperion's platform for the FUEL token which has been launched by the firm in 2017. The exchange's CEO Michael Zavet commented on the development:
"Acquiring Rocket and CryptoTaxes was a strategic move enabling us to focus on a larger market share, which we are very excited about."
Firm's scope expansion
Hyperion said that, with the acquisition, its platform became ready to cover all the needs of companies looking to issue a digital asset, raise funds in the marketplace, and list it on a regulated exchange. Vanbex will continue to operate as a blockchain consulting company with a focus on supporting Hyperion's growth.
Cryptocurrency exchanges are acquiring companies or products increasingly often. One of the last examples took place earlier this week when Binance, the world's largest exchange by trading volume, has acquired JEX, a crypto-asset trading platform that offers spot and derivatives trading services.
#Vanbex Group
#Vanbex
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The NRL team lists are in and fans could be in for some shocks for round one.
Several big name shake-ups were unveiled as each club showed their new look sides.
After more than four months of pre-season training, players and fans will finally learn of their club's new directions.
— Mikaele Ravalawa is expected to win the race for the vacant Dragons wing position ahead of Zac Lomax.
Here are the team lists for round 1.
Interchange: 14. Brandon Smith, 15. Christian Welch, 16. Tui Kamikamica, 17. Patrick Kaufusi.


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Handbell (8)
3- (2)
Moklebust, Cathy (8)
Agape Bronze - Level 4-5 (2)
Genre-Style
Hymntune (1)
Original Handbell (1)
Optional Instruments
Hand Drum (1)
Handbells (2)
Handchimes (5)
Worshiping (1)
About | Authors & Composers | Moklebust, Cathy
Cathy Moklebust
Cathy Moklebust (b. 1958) has developed and directed handbell music programs since 1983, and has played bells since childhood. With her dynamic, positive approach and skilled conducting, she is in national demand as a handbell clinician and festival conductor. As one of today's most popular handbell music composers, she has numerous published compositions and arrangements to her credit, many of them reaching bestseller status. Her music has been described as "pure joy to ring and listen to, having a uniquely delightful sense of melodic and rhythmic interaction, with elegant form and style." She has been commissioned to write music for festivals and other events, as well as for many individual handbell ensembles, including seven for the Raleigh Ringers. Cathy has been the recipient of the Donald E. Allured Composition Award, the 2005 "Composer of the Year" award from Jeffers Handbell Supply, and has won an ASCAP Writer's Award every year since 2001. In 2007 she was a guest conductor for the National Residential Ringing Week at Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, UK.
Ms. Moklebust began her musical career as a public school instrumental music instructor in South Dakota. She is an active percussionist, and has performed as principal or section percussionist with several professional and community bands and orchestras throughout the upper Midwest, currently playing with the Karl L. King Municipal Band of Fort Dodge, IA since 1997. Cathy has played in and conducted church and community handbell ensembles in South Dakota, Minnesota, and Iowa, most recently founding the North Central Iowa Handbell Ensemble. Since 1989, she has worked in the music retail and publishing industry, and currently operates Moklebust Music Services, a music editing and engraving service with her husband.
Cathy earned both her B.A. (Music/Percussion, 1982) and M.Ed. (Teacher Education/Music, 1988) at South Dakota State University, in her hometown of Brookings, SD. Her handbell education began in 1970 with the Towers Handbell Choir of First Lutheran Church in Brookings, under the direction of Mrs. Barbara Berntson. Ms. Moklebust and her husband David reside in rural Eagle Grove, Iowa, on her husband's 1895 family farm.
Visit Cathy's website at http://www.cathymoklebust.net.
CAMPANAE CELEBRARE 3-5 oct (level 4) -MOKLEBUST (L4)
GREAT IS THY FAITHFULNESS -MOKLEBUST (L3-)
HARK! THE HERALD ANGELS SING -MOKLEBUST (L4-)
HOW CAN I KEEP FROM SINGING? -MOKLEBUST (L3)
I WAS THERE TO HEAR YOUR BORNING CRY -MOKLEBUST (L3+)
I'LL FLY AWAY -MOKLEBUST (L3-)
NOW THE SILENCE 2 Oct. w/opt. Congregation -SCHALK/MOKLEBUST (L2)
PRECIOUS LORD, TAKE MY HAND -MOKLEBUST (L3+)


The men who took over after the death of Joshua represented a new generation that was displeasing to God. God's Word says: "And Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died, being an hundred and ten years old…and also all that generation were gathered unto their fathers: and there arose another generation after them, which knew not the Lord, nor yet the works which he had done for Israel." Joshua's generation ended when he and those who were about his age died. An abundance of evidence in the Scriptures points to physical life beginning at conception and ending at death.


Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse Cookbook Introduces Kitchen Equipment and Basic Cooking Rules and Includes Simple Recipes for Cakes, Cookies, Sandwiches, Soups, Salads, Beverages, and Other Dishes. Full of Colorful Disney Illustrations and Fun Recipes.
This Vintage Cookbook Is in Good Shape for Its Age with No Rips or Tears. Please note slight staining on top of book cover as shown in photos.
Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse Cookbook Is an Excellent Addition to Your Children's Cookbook Collection or Home Library.


Have you got experience working within an SEN school? If so we are currently recruiting for SEN Teaching Assistants within the Surrey area.
A number of our schools are currently recruiting for September and ideal would like candidates who live close to the Godalming area. Although at Teaching Personnel we cover the whole of Thames Valley and Surrey so please do not hesitate to get in touch if you are looking to work in a different area.


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Armenian Opposition Calls on Ruling Party to Jointly Demand ..
Armenian Opposition Calls On Ruling Party To Jointly Demand Pashinyan's Resignation
Minal Khan 2 months ago
The Armenian opposition on Tuesday held a rally outside the office of the Civil Contract party led by the country's prime minister, calling on the governing political force to join others demanding the resignation of Nikol Pashinyan for his handling of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, a Sputnik correspondent reported
YEREVAN (Pakistan Point News / Sputnik - 24th November, 2020) The Armenian opposition on Tuesday held a rally outside the office of the Civil Contract party led by the country's prime minister, calling on the governing political force to join others demanding the resignation of Nikol Pashinyan for his handling of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, a Sputnik correspondent reported.
"We urge you to join the people's demand for Pashinyan's resignation," one of the protesters said.
Some people were seen holding posters with the slogans "Shame" and "Either for Nikol, or for the Motherland."
"The Civil Contract [party] does not show that it realizes the mistakes it has made, does not demonstrate its readiness to overcome the crisis ... Everyone who defends Nikol Pashinyan will be responsible for the betrayal [of Nagorno-Karabakh]," one of the rally participants told reporters.
The crowd dispersed soon after leaving posters at the office entrance.
Protests have been ongoing in Armenia since November 9, when Pashinyan signed a trilateral agreement with Azerbaijan and Russia to end the six weeks of hostilities over the contended region. With Armenian and Artsakh forces on the back foot and Nagorno-Karabakh's second-largest city Shusha taken by Azeri forces, Pashinyan agreed to a ceasefire, conceding all Azeri buffer regions surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh and large swathes of the territory itself. Many Armenians regarded the concessions as a defeat and betrayal. Dozens of opposition parties have united behind calls for Pashinyan to step down.
Iraq's Shia Militia Chief Discusses Counterterrorism With Russian Amba ..
Biden Says His Cabinet Will Keep US Safe Without Engaging in 'Needless ..
Minal Khan
UAE announces 3,453 new COVID-19 cases, ..
Torrential rains hamper hunt for Indones ..
CTP driving licensing branch facilitates ..


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Home » Discussions » Business & Productivity » How to make yourself a successful businessman?
How to make yourself a successful businessman?
Posted by Christian on December 12, 2022 at 3:56 am
By far the most important attribute for success as a businessman is self-belief. You have to believe in yourself and your abilities, no matter what anyone else says.
You also need to be able to work hard and take risks. There's no such thing as an overnight success – it takes a lot of dedication, effort and risk-taking to make it big in business. And finally, you need to be resilient. Every entrepreneur will experience setbacks at some point, but you need to learn from them and keep moving forward.
Christian replied 1 month, 3 weeks ago 1 Member · 0 Replies
Sorry, there were no replies found.
Start of Discussion
0 of 0 replies June 2018
Tullopy © 2023


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Q: AutoCompleteTextView DropDown doesn't increase size on scroll I have a custom AutoCompleteTextView in my application, it works well, but the problem is that if the number of items in the dropdown are more the list is displayed on the top of the TextView instead of below it.
So I fixed the dropdown height to a specific number.
But now the problem is when the user scrolls to see items on the list the height of the dropdown list doesn't increase. What am i supposed to do now?
I  have another issue when device is in the landscape mode, the default horizontal list doesn't appear it in fact still shows a shabby dropdown list.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Our website address is: http://www.chellie.com.
The only information we collect on the site is the information you input into any forms you use to communicate with us.
Should you send an email, or use the email contact form on the website, your email address, IP address, and any data provided in the contact form or body of the email will be stored in our email server archives.
We use email marketing to communicate with clients and potential clients from time to time. All email lists and campaigns are "opt-in" meaning we will not send you these sorts of emails unless you indicated that you wish to receive them during signup or other interactions on our website or if you gave verbal consent.
We may store your contact information that you submit indefinitely so we can contact you later. Individuals can request copies of any previous correspondence with us at any time.
We NEVER sell or share that information with anyone outside the company.
If you have left comments you can request to receive an exported file of the personal data we hold about you, including any data you have provided to us. You can also request that we erase any personal data we hold about you. This does not include any data we are obliged to keep for administrative, legal, or security purposes.


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Q: Understanding CI and DI in latice QCD What I understand about the CI and DI, is that the one quark could be connected to another quark likes. This insertion is kind of wick contractions, between the operators.
Since I do not have a very strong understanding of this insertions, I have few questions regarding the CI and DI.

In this picture the top one is connected insertion and bottom one is disconnected insertion.

The above one is the DI, where the quark like is contracting itself.
My questions are :

*

*What are these black object represent?  Are they initial($t_0$) and final space point ($t_2$)? And after time evolution operator we find $t_2$. What is the big T in the second image corresponds to? Is it the total time applying the time evolution operator $U$?

*How would you define the the quark line? From my understanding is that they are not physical, but the line between the two evolution point.

*This author mentioned that he considered large number of lattice $16^{3} × 24$. Could you explain a bit or give me a source that I can read more regrading the reason they picked a huge number of lattice calculations. I guess they pick it because of having greater statistics.
Reference article : https://arxiv.org/pdf/1508.00911.pdf


Security at the Minnesota State Capitol needs to be upgraded, the legislative auditor said in a report released this morning.
Saying significant security risks exist at the complex, Legislative Auditor James Nobles recommended metal detectors, tighter restrictions on access and more law enforcement officers.
The report said key officials should get State Patrol protection when there are credible security threats. Now, protection is available to the governor, the governor-elect and to the Legislature.
Noting the state lacks an effective way to review the adequacy of security there, the report recommends better oversight of Capitol security issues. The building is one of 27 state capitols without metal detectors, and Minnesota is one of few states where people who attend Supreme Court hearings do not have to pass through metal detectors.
It said Capitol security, the agency most directly responsible for security at the complex, has lost staff over the past decade while taking on responsibility for more building space. It also said security staff is increasingly paid for by agency contracts instead of direct appropriations, raising questions about how resources are allocated.
Nearly all other states, the report said, rely more on certified law enforcement officers than does Minnesota.
The Department of Public Safety, the report said, should ask the Legislature to add several more officers. In addition, the governor and lawmakers should consider projects that upgrade security next year.
Security has been tightened at the Capitol in recent years, with access available in some entrances only with electronic key cards.
But it said most security guards are unarmed, without law enforcement authority. During the legislative session, their ranks are bolstered with retired officers, who are armed but also don't have law enforcement authority.


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Q: Lightweight General Purpose Job Scheduler/Execution Engine in Java We have been using Apache Spark jobs launched via Apache Livy for running some jobs. Because of the reduced scale requirements, we no longer need to use Spark. I am looking for a general-purpose lightweight JAVA job scheduler with the ability to track and cancel jobs.
Quartz seems to be one candidate. Are there any better alternatives?


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Nestled in 6 acres of perfectly manicured gardens and lawns, the Millbrook Lodge Hotel is in the heart of the scenic beauty of county down on the outskirts of the historic market town of Ballynahinch, en route to the Mountains of Mourne.
Millbrook Lodge Hotel: great venue for christmas night out - See 247 traveler reviews, 122 candid photos, and great deals for Millbrook Lodge Hotel at TripAdvisor. The Friends of Millbrook Chapel of Rest. Home. History. Events. A fantastic weekend break in 4 bed Lodge at Whitsand Bay Holiday Park. Fr/Sat/Sun (or alternative. Gilmore Menu Our aim is to bring an innovative accessible menu of the highest quality food and an expertly chosen wine list to our diners in stylish surroundings, all at a reasonable cost to you.
We take our food very seriously. Menu. See more of Millbrook Millbrook lodge christmas menu Hotel on Facebook. Log In. or. Create New Account. Our daughter got married in the Millbrook Lodge Hotel on Friday the 15th June 2018.
From the day we. Happy Weddings at Millbrook. To book your viewing appointment please contact The Wedding Team on# millbrooklodge# weddingvenue Enjoy Party Nights, Festive Afternoon and so much more at Millbrook this Christmas.
Call hotel reception on for further details. The Millbrook Lodge Hotel in Co Down provides comprehensive facilities and menus for Weddings, Banquets and Conferences. Christmas parties. Millbrook Lodge Hotel, Ballynahinch, United Kingdom. 12K likes. Millbrook Lodge Hotel is one of Co. Down's most elegant 3* Hotels and nestles in its own.
Christmas 2018; Rooms;. the Millbrook Lodge occupies an extremely tranquil setting within 6 acres of beautifully landscaped grounds.
The Maiden Voyage gallery. A warm welcome awaits you at The Primrose Bar& Restaurant in Ballynahinch, Co. Down. We have been welcoming guests to our restaurant& bar for over 80 years. Press alt + / to open this menu. Facebook. Account. See more of Millbrook Lodge Hotel on Facebook.
2016 · It's beginning to look a lot like Christmas. 1. 3K. Millbrook Lodge Hotel: Boxing day dinner and overnight stay - See 247 traveler reviews, 122 candid photos, and great deals for Millbrook Lodge Hotel at TripAdvisor. Millbrook Lodge Hotel: Groupon deal. menu was more like a children's menu very limited, with glass of house wine/vinegar! ! breakfast in the morning wasn. Find Millbrook Lodge Hotel in Ballynahinch, BT24.
Millbrook Lodge Hotel in Co Down provides comprehensive facilities and menus for. Christmas parties. Christmas& New Year's Eve at Millbrook. Celebrate with us this festive season!
We would like to extend a warm welcome to you to join us this festive season for a holiday celebration. The reputation Millbrook lodge christmas menu the stunning Christmas and New Year's Eve dinners at Millbrook. Christmas Pavilion Menu. Dec 29, 2013 · Millbrook Lodge Hotel: Christmas Day Buffet Dinner at the Millbrook - See 99 traveler reviews, 70 candid photos, and great deals for Ballynahinch, UK, at TripAdvisor. Nov 8, 1997. There will also be a Christmas Day menu for £55 in the Legends restaurant.
the Millbrook Lodge Hotel is doing what it calls a Christmas Fayre. Millbrook Lodge Hotel dates back to the 1800s, and was once a Church of Ireland. Millbrook's chandelier-lit bistro restaurant serves lunch and dinner, with.
Christmas& New Year's Eve at Millbrook Celebrate with us this festive season! We would like to extend a warm welcome to you to join us this festive season for a holiday Hotel restaurants hang out holly for festive diners Sat, Nov 8, 1997, 00: 00 Around Ireland, many hotel restaurants are hanging out the holly and organising special menus for Christmas.
The Tullyglass House Hotel has once again created a stunning Christmas extravaganza which is not to be missed. Celebrate the festive season in style in the magnificent Clock Tower Suite. Press alt + / to open this menu. Very well done and definitely well deserved from all at Millbrook. gift vouchers at millbrook lodge hoteL We have Christmas. at Millbrook Resort this Christmas. Clubhouse Christmas Menu $169 per adult Starters Baby Beetroot and Goats Cheese Salad Calvados marinated baby beetroot, granny.
Lodge 19 is a lovely ground floor chalet situated on the Whitsand Holiday Park in Millbrook on the beautiful and much sought after Rame Peninsula. Inside, it sleeps six people in two double bedrooms (one of which can be a twin on request) plus another twin. Hang up your apron and let Millbrook host your Christmas or New Years lunch or dinners!. Please note: Christmas menus are indicative for 2018 only. The George Inn is located adjacent to The Millingbrook Lodge, and serves a selection of locally sourced ales along with draught beers, lagers, ciders, a range of wines and spirits combined with great home-cooked meals which can be sampled in our comfortable and welcoming lounge, restaurant and bar.
Guests enjoy at least three courses of shared food utilising fresh produce from the Millbrook garden left at the end of the busy weekend service. Not only is it excellent value, the menu also showcases the creative abilities of Millbrook's expert chefs, often working with an eclectic list of ingredients. Please note that timings/menu selection/ courses along with pricing are adjusted on Special Sundays eg Mother's Day, Father's Day, Easter Sunday, Christmas.
Millbrook Lodge Hotel dates back to the 1800s, and was once a Church of Ireland rectory.