Roger Federer met the press in Shanghai on Sunday, talking a wide variety of topic. The Swiss addressed the death threat, talked about the No. 1 race, the prize money issue with the Grand Slams and just how close he was to not playing the Rolex Masters.
Q. When you dropped your world No.1 ranking after 2010 French Open, it stopped at 285 weeks, just one week short of Sampras' record, someone mentioned it's quite romantic. Now it's not romantic anymore. I'm wondering, at that moment, did you think to yourself, I want this record back, I want to break it, just because you're too close not to?
ROGER FEDERER: Honestly, it's hard to remember back.
The thing is obviously I have short‑term goals always. That's why I'm here, for instance, trying to win the tournament. That's a short‑term goal. Then you have the long‑term goals. That includes the ranking, which tournaments you want to play, where do you want to practice, what is your health level, harmony in your life.
Back then I was also looking at the big picture. I came out of a tough '08, '09, mono, all that stuff. I was just happy being back to world No.1 and hanging on to it. I didn't do everything I could just to hang onto it. I looked at the big picture then. When it all of a sudden stopped one week short, I didn't expect that. But it happened.
To me it didn't mean much because, anyway, I have so much respect for Pete. It didn't matter if I had that record or not at that moment. I hadn't retired yet anyway. I just accepted it and said, Okay. When you lose it, you want to get it back right away. That was the plan. Obviously I had to wait for some time.
Yeah, so how it was when I lost my No.1 ranking back then, it was definitely a bit of a surprise how it all happened very quickly. Think I lost my ranking to Rafa. He deserved to be world No.1 then, so there's no arguing with that.
Q. It's not been the easiest buildup to this tournament. Can I ask you about the death threat situation? When did you first hear about that?
ROGER FEDERER: Probably about 10 days ago. So then obviously it came out in the press. That's when things changed. It became much more public, which I'm a bit disappointed about, that it did come out in the press. It was something just very small on a website, nothing clear and concrete, people just debating. That it makes that big news is a bit surprising to me.
But obviously it's been a different type of preparation. I'd like not to talk too much about it. I felt very safe here. The authorities have been wonderful. The government has been very supportive, made me feel extremely welcome. I felt great the whole time I've been here.
Obviously, like you mentioned, it's been a different kind of last few days than other tournaments in the past. But I'm happy I am here after all.
Q. Your wife and family are back at home; you didn't bring them with you?
Q. You wouldn't describe it as a distraction at all, the threat? It hasn't distracted you from your buildup or anything like that?
ROGER FEDERER: Well, it's just a buildup. It's not the matches. The matches are still a few days away. I'm happy I arrived here in time to get used to the conditions, get used to maybe the jetlag, potentially a small one.
It's always going to be busy here for me regardless, which is a good thing I think. It keeps my mind occupied and busy. Obviously I want to make sure I practice enough so I'm playing well when the matches come around.
So obviously maybe it's a little bit of a distraction, there's no doubt about it. But you have to be aware of what's happening around you. But that is the case anyway anywhere I go today with my fame and all that stuff.
But it's been okay. It's been fine. I feel I have a good preparation starting Tuesday or Wednesday.
Q. You talked about long‑term and short‑term goals. In many ways, it's been a vintage year for tennis. All four of the big players have won a slam. How much does it mean to you to secure the year‑end world No.1 ranking?
ROGER FEDERER: I mean, look, I hope I will finish world No.1 at the end of the year. For me it's about trying to play well here in Shanghai and go from there. If everything would have been totally focused on world No.1, I would have gone to Tokyo or Beijing most likely and all those things.
For me I've already reached my goal by getting back to world No.1 in the summer. That was for me the goal, getting back there and winning a Grand Slam, particularly Wimbledon, plus the Olympic gold medal is a big thing for me as well.
I feel very much at peace and I'm happy. I always have to look 12 months ahead, as well, making sure I stay injury‑free, that I stay hungry for more. This is where if it works out, great, and if it doesn't, someone else plays better.
I am here, so I'll give it the best shot I can and we'll see how it goes.
He's saying the right things. He has results that back up his chances to become world No.1, maybe even at the end of the year, maybe at the beginning of the next year. If not then, he's got a shot till next year's Wimbledon almost if he were to win there. His next nine months are going to be extremely interesting to follow.
I think he's done so well, I said it right off the bat, his reaction was amazing right after not winning Wimbledon against me, then coming back and winning the Olympics, still battling it out through Toronto and Cincinnati, then bringing the victory home, his first Grand Slam, at the US Open. Very impressed, great to see.
I'm sure it's going to give him confidence for what's to come, then of course it is going to have maybe an impact in the future. When is Rafa going to come back, when, how strong? How well am I going to play? How well is Novak going to play? The rest of the players. That all has a little bit of an impact.
ROGER FEDERER: I feel fine. Look, I had some time off. I didn't have a big buildup. It was more just trying to maintain my fitness level, playing some tennis while I was not at tournaments.
It was a close call. I must admit, if I was going to be able to do it, because if I don't play here, I get an extra two weeks off. That's also very interesting for what's to come for the rest of the year and next year as well.
I felt like I can handle it. I don't like to just pull out. I'm actually kind of fine, but not injured or not tired. So that's why I decided in the end to come here, because I love playing here in China. I've had some amazing weeks here in my life.
I do appreciate all the support I get here. I didn't want to miss it. I really tried to keep my schedule as flexible as I could so I could come to Shanghai. I'm very relieved and happy now that I'm here.
Now that I'm here, I want to play well and go deep into the tournament. The focus is clearly on the first round, making sure I find my way into the tournament first.
Q. Just about the players' meeting yesterday. What was the mode of the meeting? Was it triumphant militant, after the announcement of the prize money increase in Australia?
ROGER FEDERER: I think it's nice to see, you know, the Grand Slams talking to us, feel sort of partners out there. I think that's a very important feeling from all the players, that you feel the Grand Slams do care about the product of the men's game, or tennis in general, about what we also bring to the table. I think that's important that they recognize that. We feel, by sitting across from them, there is that.
So from there on we can move forward, either good or bad. But at least we are talking and we're having conversations.
Now, I think the next nine months or so will be very interesting just to see what's going to happen. I think the communication has been very good within the players, which is important at that stage because there's a lot of information coming from the slams, from our opinions, from the council, from the board, so forth.
So it's been an interesting process, to say the least. But, yeah, I'm happy how yesterday went in terms of the communication with the players. Then we'll see what the slams are willing to do.
Nothing is clear from this end. It was good to see the Australian Open making their move, showing that they truly care about us, the players. Now we'll see where it takes us from here.
Q. They've set the bar pretty high. Presumably that gives you quite a bit of leverage with the other slams.
ROGER FEDERER: Well, not sure. We'll see. Yeah, the question is, Are we that extremely happy with the Australian Open? It was nice to see they have made a move. Is it significant enough? I'm not sure. We'll see how things play out in the next nine months.
ROGER FEDERER: I understood '45' (laughter).
ROGER FEDERER: I don't think people want to see me for 45 more years (smiling).
I'd love to play for a long time. That's what I mentioned. I need to look ahead if I want to stay in the game for a long time. I need to manage my schedule extremely well.
It's interesting times in my life right now, managing everything that's happening. So far I think I've done so well. I'm sitting here at world No.1. It's amazing after all that's happened to me in the last three years, in the last 15 years since I made my first ATP points. It's been a great journey and I hope I can continue it for hopefully many more years.
Yea, if your Humble Highness wanted to be injury free, he would never step on a tennis court either.
It's not good for Nadal's image to get beaten by low ranked players at tournaments he should win or at least be a finalist. It's obvious that after Wimbledon the tour is focused on tournaments which are very challenging for Nadal, and he will only end up getting beaten repeatedly. This type of situation is bad for Nadal's self-condidence, his ego, sponsors and fan base.
Nadal has called for an end to the season due to his weaknesses, and it has nothing to do with rest for the players. If that were so, why would he be playing golf and participating in other physical endeavors?
Calling for a shortening of the season benefits those who want the season to end in many ways. The most important being ranking points. Those who want rest can do so, and no one is stopping them, except their peers. Those players who don't want to rest, will be playing and collecting those much available ranking points, and pulling ahead of Nadal in the rankings. This happened in 2010, when Djokovic added to his tally by playing and winning several tournaments that were without top 4 participation. At that time Djokovic supported a shortened season but he continued to play.
If the last quarter of the season were covered with clay tournaments, I doubt it very much that Nadal would be calling for a shortened season.
Just two posts on a Federer thread, both about Nadal. What more proof do we need that Nadal is the most talked about and popular player on tennis-x.
@Alok. Just in case you haven't been reading the Press, Rafa's doctors have given him the OK to play golf and err what "other physical endeavours" are you referring to???
The same would have happened if there was an article about Nadal. You are kidding when you said Nadal was the most talked about in tennis right? Coz during Uncle Toni's interview so many questions were asked about Federer than Nadal that he was disappointed.
h) he may however keep playing certain events for the next two years – with the thought that it may be easier for him to slip lower in the ranks and face high-ranked opponents in earlier rounds, bearing in mind he would probably win against them anyway (unless top 4) in earllier rounds. I'm not sure about this last point though.
There are two possibilities for Rafa lacklustre performance rate at the buss. end of 2012.
1. There is the silent ban forn 6 months. Even though there are many unbiased circumstances which give cause to believe that ban exists.
2. The more obvious reasion is what you point out his lack of blief he could do well in this part of the year.
meant to say And with chance I mean the possibilitie to run deep in the tournements. like quarters, semi or finals. If Nadal loses 4/5 tournements in a row before final weekend then his aura which was so formidable made by the team starts to diminish very quickly.
In this way they have saved his image for another year because they expect himto perform well on clay.
It is essentially about money and sponsordeals.
Dont be alarmed or upset that we discuss Rafa on a Fed threat.
Rafa hardly has any article worth mentioning on a sound tennis site. So it is only fitting to discuss his unwillingness to play tennis on a threat from the passionate one.
What roger seem to have inabundance nadal is lacking.
Besides Rafa is the greatest #2 in the history of the game because of Roger.
Alok the threads about Roger and the No 1 ranking,your entitled to your opinion but whats any of that got to do with Rafa and the shortening of the season,this topics old news its not going to happen anyway,be nice if people could stick to the conversation in question,why drag Nadal into each and every conversation,when this has nothing to do with him.
^^^^because he's got Nadal on his mind all the time, that's what…………..
Alok. BTW worry about your own image and Rafa will worry about his!
Kudos to the players and prez of the players(Maestro) for getting more dollars for the players at AO. Great job Fedster!
I really enjoyed reading this article on Roger Federer. He is a very humble player who never disparages his competition. I was saddened to hear that he had received death threats recently. I hope that he will be able to play professionally for at least 5 more years.
Rafa has overtaken Serena as the player with the most followers on twitter. He's got 3,205,565 to Serena's 3,202,699.
Wow rafa making such a big deal of twitter this really is not a good sign for him.
Mens tennis is far more popular then womens tennis and only now he has overtaken Serena in the numbers. His popularity must be soso especially among non hispanic people.
That's only because El Mago is not on twitter.
check out their face book numbers. Numero Uno Roger Federer!
another thing 9 consecutive times ATP fan favorite.
The biggest star tennis has had since Bjorn Borg – The Swiss Maestro.
another gift for nadal fans – there are reports that nadal is planning to retire at 2016 Rio. go google it out.
If Li Na takes to twitter, rafa will be nowhere in comparison to her.
Federer's got only 180,624 twitter followers.
so, rafa fans have started resorting to lies to show rafa in better light? and they wonder why people accuse him of being a doper and cheater? LOL!
Get this straight! Federer has no twitter account!
stop making a joker out of yourself!
This is what happens when people older than my grandma want to act like they are in the youth of their life.
Do you know how twitter works? not every twitter handle with federer's name is Roger Federer! LOL!
Just goes to show the difference between Tennis fans who actually are into Tennis and those who are into "I wish he was mine".
Sienna Rafa has hardly any article worth mentioning on a sound tennis site,if thats the case then why mention him?
yet another thread has turned into a Fedal war so tedious and tiresome.
Dont be so defensive Alison.
You guys are soooo funny.
Fedal wars will always be around, so get used to it.
Rafael. Nadal has officially become the most followed TENNIS PLAYER on twitter. The comparison in numbers is with other tennis players. So, why do you mention Lady Gaga? Is she a tennis player?
FYI, I don't write to please anyone, and don't care how angelic you are, but coming after me for commenting on this thread is just lame, IMO. Who sticks to the topic?Do you? always?
Sorry to disappoint ya, but the shortenend season, and Nadal's aura is not old news. It's all about what's happening with Nadal right now. His fans should get used to it as it's been happening for years, this end of eason scene.
Sorry to disappoint but I don't have Nadal on my mind at all. That's for you gals who day-dream and would like to think sweet Rafa is your BF.
LOL, now we're into who has more followers on twitter? As I said in my post, Nadal's gotta protect his fan base and diminished aura, but twitter is just a sorry, desperate attempt to salvage something that's already happening, even as we speak or write. If Nadal wants to add to his fan base, he's gotta stop getting rosolled and start playing tennis. whatever happened to his racket doing the talking? It looks like that ain't or won't be happening for a lot longer. Who knows when he gets back how badly he'll get beaten again?
apologies for the double post. dunno what happenend.
Sienna. FYI Nadal has had a twitter account since July 2011 and had in excess of 50,000 followers within half an hour. Serena has had a twitter account since forever! #everybodylovesrafa. Including you – you can't hide it anymore! Ahhh!! Dream on!
Sienna im not getting defensive ill leave that to you.
FYI what are you trying to proof with the twitter account.
Rafa makes a big deal form twitter so he has more followers then Serena? Just barely.
Mens tennis is immense more popular then womens tennis so it would have been fitting if he had more followers a lot sooner.
Just imagine the impact if TMF would go on twitter.
He would break 3 million in a heartbeat.
Alok sorry to dissapoint you,but i dont have Nadal on my mind either,my life does not revolve around Nadal or tennis for that matter,i might be a fan of the guy,but contrary to what you think not all woman are interested in a tennis player for their look,and just for the record i actually like to watch many other players too,as for twitter i dont care about who has more followers on twitter,ive never been a fan of twitter anyway,and when did you actually here me mention twitter anyway?and im not trying to sound all angelic im just giving an honest opinion.
Alok just to let you know im a happily married woman,with a gorgeous husband to whom ive been married to for nearly twenty five years,and believe me Rafa could not hold a candal to him,so i dont need a BF thanks very much.
Nadal is a true housewife pleaser.
If Rafa is so insignificant, why spend so much time talking about him? Are you so scared that Rafa is overshadowing Roger? Rafa is not playing at the moment yet you just can't stop talking about him. Sienna has no subject other than Rafa and Fedfans claim to have a monopoly on discussing tennis. Alok and Sienna have a serious case of Vamos syndrome.
There is a Masters Series tournament going on right now, and who is being discussed all over the tennis blogoshere, a player that is out of circulation at the moment.
I'm glad he hasn't let some silly threats affect him. He has a healthy attitude towards the #1 ranking and it seems he is sensibly prioritizing his physical well-being over getting a few more ranking points.
Unless you mean at RG? At Rome? Monte Carlo?
Im not a housewife as i actually work for a living,unfortunatly i cannot affaord to be a housewife.
Watching the fed- Lu match now. How do I love fed tennis!
I am glad alison. women fought to hard to be put aside like that. now it is time to educate the rest of the world.


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"Taken together, the body of information contained in this book provides readers with a bird's-eye view of different aspects of exciting work at the convergence of disciplines that will ultimately lead to a future where we understand how immunity is regulated, and how we can harness this knowledge toward practical ends that reduce human suffering. I commend the editors for putting this volume together."
Fundamental principles of computational immunology and modern quantitative methods for studying immune response at the single molecule, cellular, organism, and population levels.
An overview of basic concepts in modeling and data analysis.
Coverage of topics where mechanistic modeling has contributed substantially to current understanding.
Discussion of genetic diversity of the immune system, cell signaling in the immune system, immune response at the cell population scale, and ecology of host-pathogen interactions.


The SoftBank-Sprint merger is almost official. Despite the recent news that SoftBank has been in talks with DeutscheTelekom to set up a backup plan to purchase T-Mobile US if the deal with Sprint went south, it looks like this deal is going to go through. The Department of Justice has cleared the SoftBank-Sprint merger to continue.
The DOJ had asked the FCC to hold off on making a decision, so the deal could be investigated, but everything is looking good. So, that means the only thing left is for the FCC to approve the merger of course, the competing bid from Dish could still cause problems with the deal.


Advent Carol Succession - a 'virtual' performance, with the voice parts ascribed to instrumental sounds, and the Chamber version recorded live.
[For a full explanation of the work see notes].
and members of the Occasional Singers.
We only had a limited amount of time to put this complex work together and this recording is testament to how well everyone did. We had been due to record the larger version [with orchestra] in January 2010, but the event was cancelled - see notes.


text:
STUDENT-TRAINEES AT THE GIBSON JALO CANTONMENT RECEIVE MONTHLY ALLOWANCE FROM REP BUBA
STUDENT-TRAINEES AT THE GIBSON JALO CANTONMENT RECEIVE MONTHLY ALLOWANCE FROM REP BUBA.
_Applaud Initiative as a Life-long Beneficial Programme_
As part of efforts geared towards the development of the potential of the youths and women of Gombi/Hong Federal Constituency of Adamawa State for self-reliance, the lawmaker representing the area,Rt. Hon.( Dr.) Yusuf Buba Yakub ,Friday, commenced the payment of monthly allowances to each of the student-trainees.
The programme,which commenced about a month ago and is expected to last six months,is part of the Constituency Empowerment Programmes initiated by the lawmaker in conjunction with the authorities of the 23 Brigade, Nigerian Army, Jimeta, Yola.
The programme had come on the heels of the direct material empowerment exercise which took place in his Constituency last month for Party leaders, traditional rulers and selected members of Gombi/Hong Federal Constituency,each of whom was presented with items ranging from cars to motorcycles and grinding machines to water-pumping machines and cash gifts.
The Gombi/ Hong Rep is undertaking the transportation and general allowances for about fifty student-trainees involved in the acquisition of various skills earmarked for the programme. Rt. Hon. Buba,who is also the Chairman,House Committee on Foreign Affairs, is also expected to provide starter-packs, other equipment and cash to each of the student-trainees upon their graduation from the exercise.
Speaking to the Media Office of the lawmaker via telephone,Friday,in Abuja,some of the student-trainees thanked the lawmaker for giving them a new lease of life. They, equally, applauded the skill acquisition programme as one that would be of a Life-long benefit to the beneficiaries.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Why See Allman Betts Band?
Following a busy 2018 filled touring The Devon Allman Project with Duane Betts, the sons of Gregg Allman and Dickey Betts keep the musical legacy of their fathers alive with a brand new supergroup, album and 2019 tour! Devon and Duane enjoyed sharing the stage so much, they've enlisted slide guitarist Johnny Stachela, keyboardist Chuck Leavell, bassist Berry Oakley Jr. and percussionists R. Scott Bryan and John Lum to help keep the flame burning well into the new year.
Slated for release in the spring of 2019, the outfit's debut was recorded at Muscle Shoals Sound Studio, a former sonic stomping ground of The Rolling Stones, Bob Seger, Paul Simon, Bob Dylan and Lynyrd Skynyrd. Steeped in the studios rich musical history, the album was recorded 100% analogue and fuses soaring 70s rock with a sprinkling of R&B, soulful Americana and a country sounds that call to mind the Nashville and Texas scenes. The new chapter for Allman and Betts comes just in time to celebrate the 50th anniversary of The Allman Brothers Band.
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Can you believe we've been at this for 74 days already and we're not even 3/4 of the way to finishing?! Name 5 Pop Culture from Endless Games was originally featured in our guide to party games and now it's our Day 74 prize!
My five favorite movies to watch are; The Green Mile, Fried Green Tomato's, The Help, Forrest Gump, and The Color Purple.
My 5 favorite food are: chicken, salads, shrimp, lobster and crab legs.
Favorite Board/Card games are Stratego, Chess, Uno, Dark Tower & Creature Features.
Favorite movies…..The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe, Forrest Gump, New Year's Eve, The Santa Clause and The Longest Ride.
Five of my favorite foods are pizza, french fries, hamburgers, watermelon and chocolate chip cookies.
My 5 favorite food are: chocolate, pizza, hamburger, pizza and fries.
Mac and cheese, tacos, cheesecake, spam and potatoes, biscuits and gravy!


Please explain why you feel sorry for any environment with spaced-out promotions? (no pun intended).
Do you agree with the frequency?
What problems do you see with the frequency?
I feel sorry for any environment that doesn't provided for new enhancements to be moved into production daily.


What is the ACTUAL PURPOSE of a REFUGIUM?
Let me know. I have no clue. I do not have one on my 30gallon salty.
Do I need one on a 55gal?
As well, Anthony Calfo's Reef Invertebrates book dedicates like 60 pages to refugiums.
I added one to my 55 and it has brought my nitrates to 0! The tank over all looks even better. Colors, growth and all living things look vibrant.
I use Chaeto in my fuge and it grows fast. I trim it at least once a week.
What is the ACTUAL PURPOSE tho.
If I need one, I want to know. I want to make this tank breathtaking, as it is a centerpiece in my TV ROOM.
Thanks in advance, I'm off to bed.
Re: What is the ACTUAL PURPOSE of a REFUGIUM?
if you are going to keep fish that rely on copopods etc for food--eg mandarine goby--yes you need a refugium.
corals also benifit from a refugium--softies and lps will eat zooplankton that a refugium can supply.
There are several purposes and some have several refugia.
Nutirent export can be accomplished by keeping a lighted refugium with chaetomorpha or other macro algae. As the algae grows it consumes excess nutrients and thus helps to prevent nuisance algae in your display tank. It can be harvested from time to time to give it room to grow. When you export it you are taking the nutrients it has absorbed out of your system.
Ph can be stablized to a degree by running the light on your refugium on a photo period opposite that of your tank. Doing so offsets the ph swing associatied with photosynthesis. Your algae will be producing oxygen when your corals are producing CO2 and vice versa.
A safe refuge for microfuana(zooplankton) is provided by a lighted or unlit refgium. This means you shouldn't put anything in it that will eat the zooplankton.
The main purpose is to absorb phosphates and nitrates which would otherwise help nusances like cyano and hair algae take over your tank.
Still trying to figure it out myself.
Why though? What was wrong with the first tank?
A refugium adds *extra* nutrient export capabilities to your tank's filtration system. It also provides a safe haven for copepods and little critters to grow. You don't *need* one if your tank is already being filtered adequately. How do you know if you need one? Look at your tank. Measure your water quality. Do you have algae problems? Measurable levels of nitrate and phosphate? If so, a refugium will help. Do you keep fish that eat copepods like mandarins? You probably need a refugium. If you don't have algae problems, and your nitrate and phosphate measure ZERO, and you've already got excellent filtration (protein skimming, a deep sand bed, lots of live rock, other forms of filtration, etc), you proabably don't have to worry.
spend some time rereading the responses you have gotten thus far. they are all correct. the idea for a refugium is to create an additional environment within your system that can house things that may not necessarily be what you want to display, but nevertheless can play an important role in keeping your system healthy. macroalgaes like chaetomorpha can and will take up nutrients that would otherwise fuel algae growth in the display tank. additional live rock will act as a biofilter. microfauna like copepods will have an area in which to reproduce without worry of predation from fish in the main tank. there are many actual purposes, not the least of which is very very simple: additional water volume. imo, its not so much that something has to be "wrong" in the main tank for adding a refugium to make sense. instead, its an addition that allows the keeper to more completely represent the biodiversity of a natural environment in his or her system.
All of that noted above and I think it would be hard to run a single tank on an opposite photo period. A refgium doesn't need to be fancy a rubbermaid bin will do.You can run a tank without one but I have found them to be very helpful, You're choice.
Still seems to me that everything that was stated above can be accomplished in the main tank. Aside from the additional water volume.
Still seems to me that everything that was stated above can be accomplished in the main tank.
Do as you wish, but simply..... unless you go to GREAT lengths, the benefits of a refugium can never be met with a display tank alone.
Re-read the previous posts in this thread.
I figured someone with almost 900 posts would have it figured out by now.
My wife said to choose between the reef tank & her...........I am sure going to miss her!
You are chossing to ignore the ph stablizing benefits of an opposite photo period.How do you handle that in your system? In my experience limewater dripping at night combined with an opposite photo refugium work very well.
You've gotten a bunch of good leads. If you want to know more, do some research. As I've stated, the Calfo book is an excellent reference that should answer your questions about the multiple benefits of refugia and discussions about the best way to implement them.
One other bennie: when I set up the second time, I had major rock die off, and real sandbed problems [strong pump, blowing sand] that would have played havoc with my urgent need to get all my lfs-boarded corals and fish out of their tanks and into mine.
I had a 1-week cycle and steady-down to spot-on readings. I later figured it wasn't my wounded main-tank sandbed that had carried everything: it was my 20g refugium with its deep sandbed and strongly-growing cheato. It saved my main tank from a real mess and let me get my corals and fish back before the lfs [who was using sale tanks to board my stuff] lost patience.
I never figured a refugium could save the display by remaining bio-active through a nitrite crisis, but it's large relative to my tank and I'm willing to bet it did.
It also hides equipment that would usually go into the display tank.
Well there are multiple types of refugium. On each of my tanks, I have a refugium with chaeto, a refugium that is a remote deep sand bed, an aiptasia portion of my refugium, and a benethic portion of my refugium which holds dark loving animals such as sponges and tunicates. While you could do this with a large enough tank, it would be difficult and sometimes undesirable to attempt all of these. I suggest more reading of the posts above and Anthony Calfos postings and books.


text:
Q: Visual Studio 2015 doesn't show cs0012 errors I have a classic scenario.
Type MySuperType1 is defined in Assembly1, type MySuperType2 is defined in Assembly2. MySuperType2 derives MySuperType1 and if I wanna use MySuperType2 in some other assembly I have to reference both Assembly1 and Assembly2 or else compiller'll give me cs0012 error (type is defined in an assembly that is not referenced). Agree?
My problem - compiler doesn't show me this error, build looks ok. No errors, no failed project in output window. Build looks ok, so I push it into repository and my coleagues have cs0012. It is very bad for business.
May be there is some setting in Visual Studio that was accidentially set to off. And because of it VS is not tracking such a type of errors? Any other errors are displayed well.
We found, that in VS 2015 error is not shown, but shown in VS 2013
Thx.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
layout: page
title: About
permalink: /about/
---

Hi.. I'am anestan.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
package com.github.tomakehurst.wiremock.matching;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonGetter;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
import com.github.tomakehurst.wiremock.common.SilentErrorHandler;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.NamespaceContext;
import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.SimpleNamespaceContext;
import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.XMLUnit;
import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.XpathEngine;
import org.custommonkey.xmlunit.exceptions.XpathException;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Map;

import static com.github.tomakehurst.wiremock.common.LocalNotifier.notifier;
import static com.google.common.base.MoreObjects.firstNonNull;

public class MatchesXPathPattern extends StringValuePattern {

    private final Map<String, String> xpathNamespaces;

    public MatchesXPathPattern(@JsonProperty("matchesXPath") String expectedValue,
                               @JsonProperty("namespaces") Map<String, String> namespaces) {
        super(expectedValue);
        xpathNamespaces = namespaces == null || namespaces.isEmpty() ? null : namespaces;
    }

    public MatchesXPathPattern withXPathNamespace(String name, String namespaceUri) {
        Map<String, String> namespaceMap = ImmutableMap.<String, String>builder()
            .putAll(firstNonNull(xpathNamespaces, Collections.<String, String>emptyMap()))
            .put(name, namespaceUri)
            .build();
        return new MatchesXPathPattern(expectedValue, namespaceMap);
    }

    public String getMatchesXPath() {
        return expectedValue;
    }

    @JsonGetter("xPathNamespaces")
    public Map<String, String> getXPathNamespaces() {
        return xpathNamespaces;
    }

    @Override
    public MatchResult match(String value) {
        return MatchResult.of(isXPathMatch(value));
    }

    private boolean isXPathMatch(String value) {
        if (value == null) {
            return false;
        }

        try {
            DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = XMLUnit.newControlParser();
            documentBuilder.setErrorHandler(new SilentErrorHandler());
            Document inDocument = XMLUnit.buildDocument(documentBuilder, new StringReader(value));
            XpathEngine simpleXpathEngine = XMLUnit.newXpathEngine();
            if (xpathNamespaces != null) {
                NamespaceContext namespaceContext = new SimpleNamespaceContext(xpathNamespaces);
                simpleXpathEngine.setNamespaceContext(namespaceContext);
            }
            NodeList nodeList = simpleXpathEngine.getMatchingNodes(expectedValue, inDocument);
            return nodeList.getLength() > 0;
        } catch (SAXException e) {
            notifier().info(String.format(
                "Warning: failed to parse the XML document. Reason: %s\nXML: %s", e.getMessage(), value));
            return false;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            notifier().info(e.getMessage());
            return false;
        } catch (XpathException e) {
            notifier().info("Warning: failed to evaluate the XPath expression " + expectedValue);
            return false;
        }
    }
}


text:
AN ONLINE REVIEW OF BOOKS
The Law in its Difference
The Law in its Difference: Institutional Competencies, Coercive Mechanisms, and Obscenity Law
By ROBERT SPOO
Review of Reading the Obscene: Transgressive Editors and the Class Politics of US Literature, by Jordan S. Carroll, and A Matter of Obscenity: The Politics of Censorship in Modern England, by Christopher Hilliard
Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2021
Numbers count in obscenity law and the lubricious products it tries to regulate. Laws of obscenity and copyright are virtually unimaginable apart from an ungovernable mass of readers fed by an ungovernable mass of printed material. Gutenberg is the true begetter of all those laws. The age of mechanical reproduction produced a besetting fear that large quantities of printed books would corrupt large numbers of susceptible readers, and that unauthorized copies of books would take away authors' livelihoods and incentives to create. The story of obscenity law, like that of copyright, is a story of population growth, the spread of literacy, and the increase in spending power of the masses. As long as books could be confined to the supposedly insusceptible few—collectors, professionals, affluent persons—legislators and judges scarcely needed to concern themselves with restraining or punishing textual production. The regulators of smut have always shown a strong instinct for enochlophobia: the fear of crowds. The surging urban crowds that fascinated Poe and Baudelaire haunt the austere dreams of Comstockery.
The American anti-obscenity crusader, Anthony Comstock, announced a puzzle of the obscene when he argued, in Traps for the Young (1883), that the indecency of a painted nude—allowable in that unique, museum-bound format—was "unmasked" in photographic copies, and that the lewdness of Boccaccio's Decameron, tolerable when read by students in the original Italian, became a corrupting force when printed in cheap English translations available to "the ever-ready hands of the youth." Immodest canvases and medieval bawdy became poisonous once they escaped from the cordon of privilege and infiltrated the masses in catchpenny copies. The same argument had been advanced fifteen years earlier in the English case of Regina v. Hicklin (1868). When the appellant's attorney, arguing that liability for publishing obscenity should require proof of obscene intent, suggested that a painting of Venus hanging in a gallery could not be deemed obscene, one of the justices retorted, "It does not follow that because such a picture is exhibited in a public gallery, that photographs of it might be sold in the streets with impunity." To alter Walter Benjamin's theory to fit Comstock's vision, the unique painting wore a nimbus of purity, but the multiplied copy would always be self-condemned by its aura of prurience.
Christopher Hilliard, in his excellent study, A Matter of Obscenity: The Politics of Censorship in Modern England, refers to this double standard as "variable obscenity," a term he borrows from earlier scholarship: "the idea that a book's acceptability depends on who is reading it as well as the book itself" (1-2). It may seem strange that obscenity could be subject to a kind of price discrimination, but, historically, the purchaser of cheap smut has been to the collector of limited editions as a passenger in economy class is to a first-class traveler: they both reach the same destination, but at different costs and with different levels of comfort and freedom. When James Joyce and D.H. Lawrence published their risqué masterpieces in pricey deluxe formats, they were seeking the sanctuary of variable obscenity as much as large net profits. After World War I, "[s]mall presses calculatingly conformed to the principle of 'variable obscenity,'" Hilliard observes, "producing challenging work in limited editions [and trying] to establish a new kind of publishing, free of the inhibitions of the mainstream" (35). It is this attentiveness to the micro-mechanics of obscenity and its laws—"the unostentatious thinking going on in the routines of policing and activism as well as the spectacular cases and set-piece debates" (10)—that is one of the distinguishing features of Hilliard's book. In his handling, obscenity is a bottom-up as well as a top-down phenomenon; it is a living, changing culture.
Hilliard's subject is the unsmooth course of British obscenity law from its growth as a set of regulatory mechanisms in the Victorian period to its virtual disappearance, by the 1980s, as a punitive force for verbal indecency, its displacement to tactics for controlling obscene displays as public nuisances, and its relegation to prohibiting child pornography and extreme pornographic images (depictions of rape, necrophilia, and bestiality) (214-26). This is a history of gradual acceptance of the literary and social value of controversial works, the growth of a pluralistic society, and the diffusion of the Millian harm principle, neighborly liberalism, and the distinction between private and public immorality as touchstones of regulation. The regulatory temper in sex matters had changed in Britain as a result of many things: the Wolfenden Committee's recommendation in 1957 to decriminalize private homosexual acts between consenting adults; the passage of the Obscene Publications Act 1959 with its liberalized definition of obscenity, its public-good defense, and its allowance of testimony by authors and expert witnesses; and the unadopted but prescient Williams Committee's report in 1979 which emphasized adult consent, sexual privacy, and the presumption of individual freedom and free expression (76-86, 188-213).
Hilliard covers this evolution in a prose that is succinct, balanced, and freighted with historical and legal detail but not capsized by it. Most impressively, he shows that the growth and waning of obscenity controls have consistently been a matter of citizenship: laws that expanded the franchise and access to education and literacy in the 1860s and 1870s were met with fears that indecent publications would sap the morals of young persons and the working class. This is what Hilliard aptly calls "the Victorian twinning of censorship and citizenship" (10), but this twinning, as he shows, also underlay the eventual liberalizing of obscenity law, as the voices of private citizens, authors, shop owners, cinema owners, vicars, and representatives of the post office, customs, and the police force were increasingly consulted by legislators and official bodies from the mid-twentieth century on. The "matter" of obscenity, in Hilliard's treatment, was a movement from paternalism to pluralism, but it always involved the subjects of regulation: the citizens in their changing polity, the people as products of social and legal reorganization.
From the mid-nineteenth century on, defense counsel and legal reformers pushed for a widening of context in obscenity law. The Hicklin test for obscenity was both malleable and straitjacketing: "whether the tendency of the matter charged…is to deprave and corrupt those whose minds are open to such immoral influences, and into whose hands a publication of this sort may fall." This test, as applied by courts, ignored many things—the intent of the author, the literary or social value of the work, the work's dominant effect, expert opinion, creative freedom. These perspectives for contextualizing the accused work entered the law slowly in the decades following Hicklin; they are keys to understanding the drama of obscenity law, a drama that reached a kind of climax with the adoption of First Amendment principles for judging obscenity in the United States, and with parallel statutory moderations in Britain's Obscene Publications Act 1959. Hilliard acutely observes that the latter statute was not "a recognition of a modernist conception of art as autonomous and autotelic" (223). I have argued elsewhere that the factual question of modernist obscenity was never really resolved on the merits; it was simply suspended in favor of a constitutional test in the United States and its statutory counterpart in Britain. For good or ill, obscene modernism never had its full day in court, but rather was rescued, decades after its heyday, by a higher law that admits almost all speech to its protection—what Hilliard calls "literature as a privileged form of expression analogous to political comment" (223). The liberalizing contexts that were brought to bear on obscenity changed questions of fact into legal principles: indecency in art and literature is accepted today not so much for what it is in itself, or by itself, but for what it does for society or for art; it is the consequentialist product of contexts.
Another virtue of Hilliard's book is its refreshing accuracy in the treatment of legal doctrine and administration. He urges scholars to distinguish between legal mechanisms that were aimed at establishing personal liability for authors and publishers, such as common-law obscene libel, and those that targeted books, prints, and other chattels as instrumentalities of indecency, notably through the issuance of destruction orders under the Obscene Publications Act 1857. These latter he refers to as in rem methods, a jurisdictional term meaning process brought "against the thing." He might have completed the picture (as I have tried to do in my own work) by styling prosecutions as in personam techniques, those brought "against the person," individual or corporate. In rem actions were a way of attacking print runs or booksellers' stocks that might have escaped incineration if an author or publisher had only been convicted, personally, of obscene libel. They were weapons of great flexibility in the war on indecency, and many noted cases that are often casually referred to as prosecutions—those involving works by D.H. Lawrence, Radclyffe Hall, and Norah C. James (in Britain), and James Joyce, Marie Stopes, and Erskine Caldwell (in the United States)—were in fact actions brought against inanimate things: the books themselves. (Hence case captions like United States v. One Book Called "Ulysses" and Attorney General v. Book Named "God's Little Acre".) "Given how many careful scholars get this wrong," Hilliard stresses, "it is worth repeating: no one was ever charged under the Obscene Publications Act of 1857" (7). The admonition is well taken: it is not enough to say that the law exercises power as a discourse; Foucault himself was interested in the mechanisms through which power operates. To distinguish among the specialized, discrete techniques and institutions of the law is to discover how and when power works its coercions.
In Reading the Obscene: Transgressive Editors and the Class Politics of US Literature, Jordan S. Carroll examines obscenity in the United States from, roughly, the case of United States v. Kennerley in 1913 to the founding by Barney Rosset of Grove Press and Evergreen Review in the 1950s. Carroll allows the usual subjects of obscenity regulation—the author and the publisher—to recede into the background somewhat and brings forward figures that have received less attention: the editor and the reader. His thesis is a remarkably original one, difficult to summarize in its many turns but in its essence as follows: American obscenity law in the twentieth century often framed editors (of magazines, comic books, small presses) as transgressive figures—"perpetrator[s] of obscene crimes" (4)—and these editors increasingly became a gateway to verbal and pictorial renderings of sexuality for readers of the professional-managerial class (PMC): upwardly mobile white males seeking prestige and power in a faceless, hierarchized workplace. With the editors' guidance and manipulation, PMC readers learned to reject the strictures of censors and to master sexual response by making a kind of game of pornographic consumption, in the process acquiring a cool detachment that treated sex and obscenity as an abstraction and developing a masculine managerial style that would help them rise in their professions. The editor became a kind of psychopomp who guided male sexuality into regions of abstraction that could make readers into "good professional-managerial subjects" or allow them to use obscenity "to heal the hidden injuries of the middle class" (5). Carroll thus adds an arresting theory of obscenity to concepts of the organization man, the alienated white-collar worker, and salesmanship mentality, no less than to studies of obscenity and its laws.
As punishable subjects and high-profile scapegoats, editors served an "editor function" that Carroll places alongside the more familiar author function (2). As instructors in reading practices, these editors not only created large readerships but taught them "to build new capacities" for absorbing extreme content that led to "the emergence of a self-disciplining middle-class sexuality over the course of the twentieth century" (8, 10). The particular histories by which Carroll illustrates these themes are well-chosen, fine-grained, and persuasive. He argues that H.L. Menken, co-founder and editor of the magazine American Mercury, gave his readers a sense of cultural superiority by splitting the obscenity controversy "into a puritan past and a civilized present" (46), and calling upon readers as free-thinkers to resist the retrograde pull of the masses. Armed with this proud sense of "temporal doubleness," readers could "free themselves of both the passion and shame associated with obscenity" (57). They became time travelers in the present act of reading. Carroll locates a recurring pattern in Mencken's work: "a disenchanted figure [who] wrests the future from the inertia of the past" (69). This seems to me an excellent and irrefutable characterization of this early occupant of the editor function.
Carroll goes on in separate chapters to examine the editorial innovations of EC (Entertaining Comics, publisher of Tales from the Crypt, Mad magazine, and other wacky-weird satire vehicles for youthful readers) and Playboy, owned and operated by Hugh Hefner, boy-genius tutor in cool culture and privileged masculinity. In impressive readings, Carroll shows that EC employed "game-theoretical scenarios"—man squashes tiny spider and is devoured by giant spider—to teach "structural thinking" and "pattern sensing under conditions of risk and uncertainty" (83, 85, 89). This junior-desensitization program offered through comic books was early preparation for PMC readers who would graduate to Playboy and its curriculum for readers who aspired to being mini-Hefners in a bachelor-pad existence that was "non-conformist, pleasure seeking, and intellectual," as well as "competitive, individualistic, entrepreneurial, and deeply invested in capitalism": the upbeat, swinging generation of the new PMC (106).
Carroll's final chapters move back towards a focus on authors and publishers, with a sustained discussion of Allen Ginsberg and the prosecution of Lawrence Ferlinghetti for publishing Ginsberg's poem Howl, and an examination of Barney Rosset's Grove Press and its house magazine, Evergreen Review, which urged readers to reverse the PMC success-track and imbibe masochistic narratives that would enable each of them to "cease to be an individual member of a dominant class and become instead a victim or a conduit for forces outside of his control, even as he reaps private rewards" (179). EC's comics had prepared the mental game-circuitry; Playboy had layered on erotic cool and sex-managerial savvy; now Grove Press inspired fantasies of divestment and degradation, a delicious fall to the bottom of the ladder.
In a melancholy Afterword, Carroll mourns the passing of the transgressive editor in the digital age of mega-publishers and Internet porn, where censorship has become deplatformed and invisible, an exercise in profit-protecting by PayPal and other moneychangers in the online temple. These "abstract and impersonal systems" continue the analog world's arbitrary silencing of authors, but the "post-pornographic era" lacks transgressive editors to defend authors against formal or informal censorship. Carroll ends by suggesting that we must "abolish the obscene mystique" (192)—the idea of masculine transcendence of the erotic along with the notion that pornography must serve a socially valuable or morally instructive purpose—and recognize that the mostly unknown authors of banned pornographic literature today write for "audiences of women and queer men primarily interested in sexual pleasure rather than personal edification" (192). If we desire "a greater range of erotic expression in literature," Carroll concludes, we must abandon the old-school teachings of sex-transcendence and detachment and "wrest control of the book trade away from corporations owned and managed by the wealthy few" (193).
Carroll's book contains a few legal inaccuracies. For example, he states that the 1933 federal action, United States v. One Book Called "Ulysses", resulted in Joyce's book being "tried and acquitted," and later says that the judge in that case, John M. Woolsey, rendered a "'not guilty' verdict" (18, 20). These are fairly harmless errors, but they are common in law-and-literature studies and it seems worth pointing out that the Ulysses case was not a criminal matter, so there was no acquittal and no verdict of "not guilty." The case was filed as a civil forfeiture action based on the Tariff Act of 1930. An imported copy of Ulysses had been seized at customs, and Random House had cleverly invited the litigation as a way of obtaining a federal finding of non-obscenity without risking a criminal prosecution. In fact, the Ulysses case was one of those in rem actions to which Hilliard gives such careful attention. Nor was there a "verdict" in the case, as there was no jury. The parties had agreed to waive a jury trial, submit cross-motions to Judge Woolsey, and have him decide the obscenity question after reading Ulysses and hearing oral argument. It was a procedure that Woolsey had recommended for an earlier Tariff Act case brought against Marie Stopes's book, Contraception (51 F.2d 525 [S.D.N.Y. 1931]).
It is also a common error to suggest that in the 1920s and 1930s, courts in the United States "were tipping in the favor of free speech rights" (40). While progressive defense lawyers tried to introduce First Amendment principles into obscenity cases of the period, most judges brushed such arguments aside. For example, the attorney-crusader against obscenity laws, Morris L. Ernst, challenged the obscenity provisions of the Comstock Act and the Tariff Act as inconsistent with the First Amendment, but even judges as progressive as Woolsey and Augustus Hand had refused to hear him. In United States v. One Obscene Book Entitled "Married Love", 48 F.2d 821 (S.D.N.Y. 1931), Judge Woolsey declared that there was "nothing in [Ernst's] contention" that the forfeiture provision of the Tariff Act was "unconstitutional as impinging on the right of the freedom of the press." Why? The provision did not "involve the suppression of a book before it is published, but the exclusion of an already published book which is sought to be brought into the United States." In other words, because the Tariff Act did not authorize what the law calls a prior restraint on publication, the open-minded Woolsey could not see how the First Amendment had been violated. Even as late as 1950 when judges were increasingly asking whether obscenity laws were violative of free speech, the Massachusetts high court, ruling in an in rem action filed against Erskine Caldwell's God's Little Acre, dismissed constitutional questions as "requir[ing] no discussion" (Attorney General v. Book Named "God's Little Acre", 326 Mass. 281). The law was not yet fully prepared to entertain such novelties; obscenity was a question of fact, not of free speech. Was the book obscene under the statute, or was it not?
Carroll offers a detailed and thoughtful analysis of People v. Ferlinghetti (1957), the obscenity prosecution brought (in personam) against Lawrence Ferlinghetti as publisher of Allen Ginsberg's controversial volume, Howl and Other Poems. Carroll suggests that the Howl case represented "just one battle in a long campaign of state surveillance and repression of homosexuality" (139), and he acknowledges that the talented defense team was effective in its efforts to show that Howl had redeeming social importance (under Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476 [1957]) and was therefore protected by the First Amendment. But Carroll registers regret that Ferlinghetti's attorneys "skirt[ed] the issue of sodomy while ignoring the erotic reading practices advocated by [Ginsberg]," and "succeeded because they were able to downplay [Howl's] queerness and enlist [it in] the service of a paranoid reading style that was fast becoming the dominant literary-reading method of university English departments" (140). The defense's expert witnesses, too, "ignored" the erotic and homoerotic aspects of Howl, and the judge in his written opinion "ratified the defense team's literary interpretations" of the poem as the depiction of a "nightmare world." Carroll concedes that the defense team's tactics were "legally necessary" but nevertheless finds them "disappointing" because they "saved Howl by completely discounting its poetics" (146, 147). "Far from presenting their own individualized interpretations of the text," Carroll laments, "the defense lawyers and witnesses converge on a consensus that comports fully with existing sexual and legal norms" (147).
I find Carroll's disappointment to be puzzling, yet it is a reaction not infrequently attested to by literary scholars in their examinations of obscenity cases. For example, some critics have taken Judge Woolsey to task for his famous opinion in United States v. One Book Called "Ulysses", in which, they allege, he made Joyce's work into a monument of aesthetic autonomy and muted the work's raw, erotic indecency (see, for example, Joseph Kelly, Our Joyce: From Outcast to Icon [Austin: University of Texas Press, 1998]; Paul Vanderham, James Joyce and Censorship: The Trials of "Ulysses" [New York: New York University Press, 1998]). For these critics, Judge Woolsey, influenced by the arguments of Random House's attorney Morris Ernst, told "well-intentioned lies" that distorted the character of Ulysses in order to achieve a legal result, and in the process served the interests of social and cultural elitism. Like these critics, Carroll seems to wish that the lawyers and the judge in People v. Ferlinghetti had used their forensic opportunity to engage more creatively with Howl's norms-challenging poetics, instead of presenting the book as a cautionary tale about modern moral chaos.
But why would Ferlinghetti's attorneys have done that? If they had, they might well have lost the case. Their primary duty was to get their client acquitted, and their secondary duty was to free Howl from further legal harassment. Neither duty would have been served by turning the case into a seminar on Ginsberg's erotic reading practices—not in 1957 anyway. Lawyers make arguments that they believe will satisfy the requirements of the law and appeal to the normative expectations and, yes, sometimes the prejudices of judges and juries. In the Howl case, the lawyers were tailoring their arguments to the standards of current obscenity law, which focused on the average person in the community and on redeeming social importance. They weren't "ignoring" the homoerotics of Howl as much as highlighting aspects of the poem that they believed aligned with the governing legal tests and would give the court a basis for acquittal.
Lawyers litigate with the goal of persuading a judge or a jury. Judges decide cases with one eye on the parties contending before them and the other on a future in which their decisions will be scrutinized for legal weaknesses or looked to for persuasive value. I can't see how the defense lawyers in People v. Ferlinghetti could have done other than they did without risking legal incoherency and possibly conviction of their client. Literary and legal scholars should always be alert to the differences among distinct interpretive communities and their institutional competencies. The law is an interpretive community with its own codes, constraints, and goals. So is literary criticism. Both are locked into their enabling limitations. But they can be viewed as collaborative communities, different as they are. The law performs its work on Ulysses or Howl and then hands the liberated book over to other interpretive communities so that they may in turn perform their specialized work. (One idea of free speech is a pluralistic world in which different speakers speak differently.) Important scholarly work on Howl and "homoerotic communion" (143) may be done today because the lawyers and the court did their work effectively in 1957. To expect the law to mirror the interpretive work of scholars is to diminish this trans-temporal collaboration of competencies and to ignore valuable and inevitable institutional differences.
The law is not a unitary discourse. It is certainly not a monolithic institution or the wielder of one kind of coercive mechanism. No less than literature, it must be studied deeply and respectfully for its own uniqueness and complexity. If one failure of the law was to have mistaken heterodox literature for smut throughout the first half of the twentieth century and beyond, it's because the law was not ready to view certain fictions and poems in their uniqueness and complexity. The history of obscenity litigation reveals the law's gradual recognition of literature as difference, as other. Literary scholars should also recognize the law in its difference.
Having offered this gentle harangue, I want to reiterate that Jordan Carroll's book is an important contribution to obscenity studies and one of the most original books in this genre in years. Law and literature dwell together in productive unity in both his and Hilliard's analyses. Our understanding of British and American obscenity law is richer for these two contributions.
Posted on 7 October 2022
ROBERT SPOO is Chapman Distinguished Professor of Law at the University of Tulsa College of Law, where he is also Associate Dean for Faculty Development. He is the author of Without Copyrights: Piracy, Publishing, and the Public Domain (Oxford, 2013) and Modernism and the Law (Bloomsbury, 2018). For the 2020-2021 academic year, he his a fellow in the Program in Law and Public Affairs at Princeton University.
Connor Maxwell Ewing
The New Rambler Review
© 2015. The New Rambler Review All rights reserved. | Sponsored by The University of Chicago Law School and Gifford Combs | Subscribe | Website: Judy O Studio


text:
Since 17 July 2006 |
Grub Street Top 40
Grub Street Philosophy
Grub Street Interview
Moshup Builds a Bridge
AJ Robinson
Cuttyhunk Harbour, in the early morning
Moshup was the chief god in the pantheon of spirits that watched over the Wampanoag of Martha's Vineyard. According to legend, he was a kindly old fellow; a very hard worker, when he had to be so, that is, due to some absolute necessity. The legend chronicled here relates how he was outsmarted and his heavy work brought down by a wily old woman.
Martha's Vineyard is an island, of roughly 15,000 square miles, off the east coast of Cape Cod Massachusetts. There are roughly 17,000 full-time residents on the island. Today, the cost of living on the island is almost twice that of the mainland.
During the summer, the population of Martha's Vineyard swells to more than one hundred thousand. The island has long been a summer colony for the affluent of New York City and Boston. Originally, though, the Wampanoag settled on Martha's Vineyard.
A bridge from the Vineyard to nearby Cuttyhunk.
The Wampanoag wanted an easy way to get to the nearby island of Cuttyhunk, the outermost of the three Elizabeth Islands and eight miles away from Martha's Vineyard. Settled for a year or so in 1602, Cuttyhunk is likely the first English settlement in New England. Today, the island, of ninety-one square miles, has a population of roughly sixty.
All those years ago, The Wampanoag asked Moshup to build a bridge across the Vineyard Sound to Cuttyhunk. The Cuttyhunk residents were quite happy with things the way they were. Most especially, did not want strangers trampling about their homes or over harvesting the sassafras that grew wild on their island.
The residents of Cuttyhunk were as earnest, in their request that Moshup not build the bridge, as the residents of Martha's Vineyard were to get a bridge. In time, the residents of Martha's Vineyard won Moshup over. He agreed to build the bridge for them.
There was a stipulation for the project. Moshup would start working on the bridge at sundown and stop when he heard the rooster crow, whether the bridge was done or not.
The residents of Martha's Vineyard weren't worried. Given his size and strength, he would have plenty of time to complete the bridge, in one night. Meanwhile, on Cuttyhunk, the residents were alarmed and concerned, as they had no idea as to how to stop him.
It's best never to under-estimate the wiliness of an old woman.
Then an old woman stepped forward. She told the people, of Cuttyhunk, that they should keep a sharp look out for Moshup and awaken her when they saw him drawing near. She would stop him.
The Cuttyhunkers thought her crazy and laughed. They wondered how a tiny, weak old woman could possibly stop a great giant such as Moshup, especially, when the men of Cuttyhunk, with their strength combined and focused, could not.
The old woman smiled and insisted she had a plan. Finally, the Cuttyhunkers agreed to her terms. They kept a sharp watch from every window.
Eventually, they saw Moshup on the beach below the clay cliffs of Aquinnah, with a huge rock in his hands. He looked out over the water, saw the sun drop into the waters of the western ocean and then threw the stone far out into the Sound. His bridge building was underway.
After that, rocks just about literally showered down into the water as he worked feverishly. Some rocks were as big as the largest wigwams in Aquinnah. The bridge rapidly grew toward Cuttyhunk. Soon, the Cuttyhunkers gathered on the beach to watch the terrific pace that Moshup worked.
As the darkness enveloped them, they remembered the old women. The residents of Cuttyhunk ran to her, with cries of alarm. They asked her what she was going to do, but she said not a word and banished them from her home.
Then, lantern in hand, she went to her chicken coop. There she found her sleeping rooster. Passing the bright light in front of his eyes, she caused him to wake up and think it was the dawn of a new day.
Naturally, he did what any rooster at such time: he began to crow, repeatedly. Moshup, hard at work, out in the Sound, heard the crowing. Now, he knew that it wasn't dawn, but he had set the rule for to how he would build the bridge and, thus, had no choice. He was compelled to stop working and return to his home on the Vineyard.
The Devil's Bridge
The bridge was partially finished and unstable. Soon it collapsed into the water. The stones remain there to this day. Many good ships have gone down on the Devil's Bridge.
Now, some might wonder why it is that it's not Moshup's Bridge. I guess we can blame the early White settlers for that. It was a common practice, of settlers, to demonize local beliefs and, thus, eliminate each one. Oh well, so long as we remember the story, we can pay proper honour to Moshup.
This is the first installment, in a four-part series, on the Wampanoag. They are earliest known settlers of Martha's Vineyard, which, today, is a summer colony for vacationers, off the east coast of Massachusetts.
Click here to read installment one.
Click here to read installment three.
Click here to read installment four.
Combining the gimlet-eye, of Philip Roth, with the precisive mind of Lionel Trilling, AJ Robinson writes about what goes bump in the mind, of 21st century adults. Raised in Boston, with summers on Martha's Vineyard, AJ now lives in Florida. Working, again, as an engineeer, after years out of the field due to 2009 recession and slow recovery, Robinson finds time to write. His liberal, note the small "l," sensibilities often lead to bouts of righteous indignation, well focused and true. His teen vampire adventure novel, "Vampire Vendetta," will publish in 2020. Robinson continues to write books, screenplays and teleplays and keeps hoping for that big break.
More by AJ Robinson:
Acting Unpresidential
Certain Memories
Wooden Bricks
Last Day on the Vineyard
His Journey 2
Stupid Superstitions
Even more by AJ Robinson
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David Simmonds
Fishwrapped
Brave New Dietary World
Clueless Conduct
Sjef Frenken
A Code for the Road
Where There's a Will
Love: a contact sport
Jennifer Flaten
Hiding Presents
Baby Drive My Car
M Alan Roberts
Culture Salad
Festered Boil
Tail Light Terrorist
Minivan Moms
Bob Stark
The Trumpan Show
Dark Psychic Forces
Streeter Click
Phil Collins: Into the Air Video
Real Don Steele KTNQ-AM
Chuck Blore, imagineer
JR Hafer
Life as a Classroom
Stuplid Big Lies
Home Coming Day
Trump and Emoluments
Pink Friday
The USA in 2017
M Adam Roberts
In the Subconscious
Resolution Integrity
Ricardo Teixeira
There is a Light
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- Google is a Search engine (you might have heard of it?). Their Blog seems to feature various examples of their cleverness, as well as other "Google Life" commentary.
- Nutch is an Open Source Project that is developing Search Software that aims to equal to google in quality. The Blog is written by Doug Cutting Nutch's Lead Developer.
A bit of linguistics for your day?


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You've been offered a 3-year, $10 million contract to play your sport professionally. This includes an immediate $1M signing bonus, $2M at the end of the first year, $3M at the end of the second year
January 25, 2023 /in Uncategorized /by Paul
You've been offered a 3-year, $10 million contract to play your sport professionally. This includes an immediate $1M signing bonus, $2M at the end of the first year, $3M at the end of the second year, and $4M at the end of the third year. What is the present value of this contract offer? (10% interest rate)
2-3 sentences will be enough
1) Identify existing gender inequities in sports and the barriers faced when trying to achieve equity.
2)What is meant by this statement: sports and sport organizations today are male-dominated, male-identified, and male-centered?
3) What strategies can produce more progress toward gender equality in sports?
https://firstgrader.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/logo-300x75.png 0 0 Paul https://firstgrader.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/logo-300x75.png Paul2023-01-25 11:34:312023-01-25 11:34:31You've been offered a 3-year, $10 million contract to play your sport professionally. This includes an immediate $1M signing bonus, $2M at the end of the first year, $3M at the end of the second year
Hello.. Develop a process map for the accounts payable process at Frizz Master... It is an assignment of Women, Crime and Social Justice course. The topic is...


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Internet providers in 95624
Find internet providers serving the 95624 area. Compare plan pricing and speeds from fiber-optic, cable and DSL providers.
95624 internet providers
Xfinity $29.99 25 - 200 Mbps Cable 99%
Consolidated Communications $27.00 10 - 100 Mbps Fiber-optic 60%
Winters Broadband $64.00 3 - 29 Mbps Wireless 100%
Softcom Internet Communications $79.95 4 - 50 Mbps Wireless 30%
California Broadband Services - - Wireless 1.611%
DigitalPath $58.00 25 - 10 Mbps Wireless 1.347%
*Pricing per month plus taxes for length of contract. Additional fees and terms may apply. Pricing varies by location and availability. All prices subject to change at any time. May or may not be available based on service address. As of Feb 22, 2021.
95624 internet service at a glance
Provider: Xfinity
Fiber - 60%
At 100%, broadband coverage in the 95624 ZIP code is comparable to the rest of California - 93%, and comparable to broadband coverage across the U.S. - 95%.
The vast majority of those living in the 95624 ZIP will have access to cable, which covers 99% of households. DSL internet is also an option for many, offering service to 97% of the area. Fiber-optic is less available but still a popular internet option for roughly 60% of those living in the 95624 ZIP code.
There are nine internet providers serving the 95624 area, and 97.73% of households will have internet options from more than one provider. Among nine internet providers in 95624, prices start at $27 and available download speeds reach up to 200 Mbps.
Top high-speed internet providers in 95624
The largest internet providers serving the 95624 ZIP code are Frontier, Xfinity, and Consolidated Communications bringing DSL, cable, and fiber-optic options to the area.
DSL internet from Frontier is available to nearly all in the 95624 ZIP code, covering 97% of households. Many will also have the option of cable from Xfinity, which covers 99% of the area. Elk Grove's third most-available internet provider, Consolidated Communications, offers fiber-optic to around 60% of residents in the 95624 ZIP code.
*Pricing per month plus taxes for length of contract. Additional fees and terms may apply. Pricing varies by location and availability. All prices subject to change at any time. May or may not be available based on service address. Speeds may vary. As of Feb 22, 2021.
DSL from Frontier offers broadband to nearly all households in the 95624 ZIP code, covering 97% of the area.
DSL internet from Frontier uses telephone lines to deliver service, which often leads to lower prices and higher availability, though download speeds are likely to be slower than cable or fiber-optic internet.
Internet prices for Frontier start at $27.99/mo.*, which is significantly lower than the average starting price for internet in Elk Grove, $49.62.
Frontier customers who choose the lowest-priced plan can expect speeds up to 6 Mbps, which comes to an estimated $4.67 per Mbps, higher than the average cost per Mbps for the lowest priced plans in Elk Grove, $3.54.
For those who value internet speed as much as cost, Frontier offers download speeds up to 24 Mbps and upload speeds up to 2 Mbps in 95624 ZIP code. These download speeds are available to 97% of the area, and are about the same as the average max speeds from all Elk Grove's providers, 58 Mbps.
Xfinity cable internet
Cable from Xfinity offers broadband to all households in the 95624 ZIP code, covering 99% of the area.
Xfinity's cable network is likely to offer faster speeds than DSL or satellite service, but 95624 residents in densely populated areas may experience slowed speeds during peak usage times.
Internet prices for Xfinity start at $29.99/mo.*, which is significantly lower than the average starting price for internet in Elk Grove, $49.62.
Xfinity customers who choose the lowest-priced plan can expect speeds up to 25 Mbps, which comes to an estimated $1.20 per Mbps, lower than the average cost per Mbps for the lowest priced plans in Elk Grove, $3.54.
For those who value internet speed as much as cost, Xfinity offers download speeds up to 200 Mbps and upload speeds up to 10 Mbps in 95624 ZIP code. These download speeds are available to 99% of the area, and are much faster than the average max speeds from all Elk Grove's providers, 58 Mbps.
Consolidated Communications fiber-optic internet
Consolidated Communications
Fiber-optic from Consolidated Communications offers broadband to most households in the 95624 ZIP code, covering 60% of the area.
Fiber-optic service from Consolidated Communications is popular for its fast download and upload speeds, even during peak usage times, but may be less available throughout 95624 ZIP code than other internet types.
Internet prices for Consolidated Communications start at $27/mo.*, which is significantly lower than the average starting price for internet in Elk Grove, $49.62.
Consolidated Communications customers who choose the lowest-priced plan can expect speeds up to 10 Mbps, which comes to an estimated $2.70 per Mbps, about the same as the average cost per Mbps for the lowest priced plans in Elk Grove, $3.54.
For those who value internet speed as much as cost, Consolidated Communications offers download speeds up to 100 Mbps and upload speeds up to 100 Mbps in 95624 ZIP code. These download speeds are available to 60% of the area, and are slightly faster than the average max speeds from all Elk Grove's providers, 58 Mbps.
If you have limited cable, DSL and fiber-optic internet options in the 95624 ZIP code, satellite and fixed wireless providers may be available.
Satellite internet from HughesNet and Viasat offers 100% availability in 95624 and the greater Elk Grove area. HughesNet starting prices are significantly higher than average in Elk Grove at $59.99/mo. for speeds up to 25 Mbps. Viasat starting prices are about average in Elk Grove at $50/mo. for speeds up to 25 Mbps. Satellite internet is a less appealing option for many in the 95624 ZIP, however, as service typically comes with high latency and low data allowances.
Fixed wireless is another popular internet option for those in rural areas. Those living in or just outside of Elk Grove may have access to fixed wireless internet service from HughesNet, with plans starting at $59.99 and available download speeds up to 25 Mbps. Fixed wireless service is less likely to come with the high latency of satellite internet, but monthly data limits can still be an issue compared to Elk Grove cable, DSL, and fiber-optic internet providers.
Internet providers in 95624 frequently asked questions
What's the fastest internet provider in 95624?
Xfinity is the fastest internet provider in the 95624 ZIP code with download speeds up to 200 Mbps. These speeds are available to 99% of households in 95624. The next fastest internet provider in the 95624 ZIP code is Consolidated Communications, offering download speeds up to 100 Mbps to 60% of the area.
What's the cheapest internet provider in 95624?
Consolidated Communications offers the cheapest internet in the 95624 ZIP with service starting at $27/mo. This is significantly less than the average starting price for internet in Elk Grove, $49.62.
Is fiber internet available in 95624?
Consolidated Communications is the largest fiber-optic internet service provider serving the 95624 ZIP code, covering 60% of the city.
What's the best internet provider in my area?
Fiber internet providers are likely to offer the fastest, most consistent speeds for the money. Cable internet providers can also deliver fast speeds, up to 100 Mbps and higher, but are more vulnerable to slowed speeds during peak usage times. If you're shopping for cheap internet, a DSL provider may be the best option for your household.
Why is my internet slow today?
There are many factors that can influence internet speed. In many cases, restarting your router will resolve speed and connectivity issues. Other factors, such as peak usage times and speed throttling can also cause temporary speed issues.
Internet in ZIP codes
Home page California Elk Grove 95624


Home News Is Gender Pay Gap Real Or Just A Myth?
In a male-dominated society, it will be futile to question why gender pay gap even exists. Very often the apologists try to come up with the reasons like women are not skilled enough hence they don't get top posts and end up with whatsoever their position has to offer.
So, who is right? Those women rights activists, feminists, Labour Party MPs raising their voice against the gender pay gap, or those apologists?
Women are underpaid is not a myth- it is an evident fact. It is one of the significant women's issues that need attention and has long been overdue. The problem is so prevalent and has become a universal truth that it doesn't need stats to build its case. But, let's have a look at what reports have to say in this regard.
According to a report by AAUW, US Women are paid 20% less than their male counterparts. The gender pay gap is least in the New York where women get 89% of what their male colleagues get as compensation.
The same gulf exists in other parts of the world, particularly in the UK, where an alarmingly lessor number of women work on the posts that pay employees in six figures. According to HMRC data 681, 000 men earned £100,000 and while only 179,000 earned the same amount.
These stats also make it evident that there exists a biasedness for favoring men on the top posts.
These facts don't merely show that women are paid less than men. Instead, they depict how women don't get enough compensation for the duties they offer and hard work they do.
From the last couple of weeks, gender pay gap is making headlines for a reason. On the occasion of Women's Day, Dawn Butler, the Labor MP has announced his party's policy to make firms with more than 250 employees to release data about the gender pay gap and tell about the measures they are taking to close it. Well, such attempts, if become practical can prove to be a landmark for eliminating the issue of unequal pay by gender.
Effect of gender pay gap is real. It not only exploits the women but makes them choose for further under-paid part-time jobs to meet their expenditures. Consequently, women face exploitation and end up facing stress. Unequal pay also discourages educated females to enter the workforce, and they end up sitting in homes and wasting their potential and talent.
Unequal payment is also one significant global risks that world is facing in 2018, according to WEF reports. Hence, if we are to press for progress and sustainable development then we have to begin with the gender equality and closing the pay gap is one step towards it.


The third grade students at Hmong American Peace Academy have been working to make a community dream a reality for themselves and their school mates. For eight years, their school has been located in city of Milwaukee where no green space has been available for playground equipment or extracurricular outdoor activity. Despite the loss of opportunity to have a playground to enjoy at recess time, students have learned to play together peacefully with balls and jump ropes. Now that the school is expanding to a new location, students are hoping that their dream of a playground will come true. The third grade students invite all community members to listen to their story voiced in "Playground for Peace".
The Hmong American Peace Academy (HAPA) is excited to announce "The Playground for Peace," a project created to help raise money for a playground at the new facility. The project is simple – HAPA hopes to generate funds through business donations and sales of student-made bookmarks, beaded bracelets, greeting cards and plants.
With student enrollment at a record high of over 950 students, HAPA's reputation is spreading! As a result of our growing student body, HAPA, LTD relocated to Milwaukee's north side. Any and all donations given to the Playground for Peace initiative will directly benefit HAPA and the strong community of learners it serves.
HAPA is the first Hmong charter school in the state of Wisconsin in the nation to provide a K4-12th grade education. We embrace high levels of academic standards and self-discipline, transforming independent learners into responsible citizens of the world.
During the 2011-2012 school year, the fourth grade class at HAPA surpassed state testing results for MPS in every subject area. That same school year, the seventh grade class surpassed the district's test results in math as well as the state's scores. With 86 percent of students receiving free or reduced lunch and 98 percent of students speaking a primary language other than English at home, HAPA's test scores are a testament to the dedication of the students and staff.