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Erie Subchapter
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PSA Video Contest- Youth Action Working Group
PSA Contest Entries (2019-20)
PSA Contest Winners! (2019-20 School Year)
Education Working Group
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HOPE Events
FBI Pittsburgh Citizens Academy Lifetime Membership
(Payment Options Available)
Lifetime Membership Plaque
Lifetime Membership Lapel Pin
Professional Photo by FBI Bureau Photographer
Lifetime Membership Card (Issued Annually)
Priority Reservations to a Variety of Limited Attendance Events
Lifetime Membership Placement on the FBI Pittsburgh CAAA Website
**To maintain Lifetime Membership, all members must be in good standing. FBI Pittsburgh CAAA membership is conditional upon the Mission and Values Statement as stated in the Pittsburgh Chapter Bylaws (Available Upon Request)**
Inquiries can be directed to FBI Pittsburgh CAAA Treasurer Robert T. Nelson at 412-716-0456
OUR LIFETIME MEMBERS
"I feel that it's an honor and a privilege to serve my country in this manner."
Anju S. Chopra
Dina L. Clark
"As a Lifetime Member, I can't help but reflect on my initial inspiration to become involved with the FBI. Their ongoing, behind the scenes work in fighting against Hate Crimes/Hate Groups and Human Trafficking, is vital and not recognized by many."
Phyllis Comer
"Attending the various informational programs has enhanced the skills I utilize in my position as a State Commissioner for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Education."
John Dillon
"As a Lifetime Member of the FBICAAA I serve my Country by being an active citizen on matters impacting all of us on a scale ranging from global issues to those occurrences in our cities, our neighborhoods and our places of work. I am able to publicly voice my support for the men and women of the FBI, of which I take great pride in their tireless efforts and amazing accomplishments. Further, I am able to pass down the knowledge, awareness and insight I gain from my association with the FBICAAA to my friends, colleagues and neighbors, which in my own small way, benefits all of us by being a better informed citizenry."
Harry Lenick
Dr. Linda B. Hippert
William B. Johnson
"I decided to become a Lifetime Member to show my commitment to the FBI Pittsburgh Citizens Academy Alumni Association and the great work that we are doing in the community. I have been fortunate to meet and become friends and colleagues with so many people in the CAAA and the FBI that I would otherwise have never had the opportunity to meet."
Daniel Klionsky
"The Lifetime Membership demonstrates my commitment to law enforcement, as they protect and support the great city of Pittsburgh"
Jack Kudrav
"We shall pass this way on Earth but once, if there is any kindness we can show, or good act we can do, let us do it for now, for we shall never pass this way again. – Steven Grellet"
Robert T. Nelson
"Being a 2013 graduate, the information that the FBI provided us with ongoing opportunities to continue our partnership, it was an easy decision to become a Lifetime Member. The knowledge that was provided goes with me on a daily basis and truly has made me a better citizen. Thank you to the hard working and dedicated FBI employees for allowing me the privilege to be part of the Pittsburgh Citizens Academy Alumni Association."
Tamara Ivosevic Perconte
"As a former Army Officer, I am always looking for ways to continue to service to my country. I am honored and humbled to serve as part of such an amazing organization that allows me to interact with professional law enforcement officials and continue my service to this country."
Harry W. Sell, Jr.
"I applied and was accepted for the Citizens Academy course, and I was very impressed. Everyone was very engaging. In addition, my son just finished the police academy, is now a law-enforcement officer, and I've always been a 'law and order' guy. I'm very much appreciate the work you do, and that's why I became a life member."
William Welge
Kevin C. Wilkes
"I've spent the majority of my life in Public Safety, both in the public sector and now the private sector. Becoming a lifetime member of the FBICAAA, and being able to assist in the furtherance of its mission to create strong partnerships in our communities between law enforcement professionals and our other first responders, seemed like a natural progression, and one of the most noteworthy causes I could be a part of."
The FBI Pittsburgh Citizens Academy Alumni Association with your tax deductible donation
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PDF Version: ETC: A Review of General Semantics 72:1 (January 2015)
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72:1 (January 2015)
"The Terrance Deacon's Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter. The Teleodynamics of Culture, Language, Organization, Science, Economics and Technology (CLOSET). Part II: Are Culture, Language, Organization, Science, Economics, and Technology (CLOSET) Teleodynamic Phenomena?" by Robert K. Logan
"Structuring and the Notion 'Time': A General Semantics Conscious Time-Binding Approach" by Milton Dawes
"The Time Binders in Korzybski's Manhood of Humanity" by Krishna Daiya
"On Language Wars" by Michael Moore
"Danger: Deficiences Ahead" by Gary H. Mayer
Interview:"Media Ecology and Teaching Chinese as a Second Language (TCSL)" by Peter Zhang, Chin-Chin Tseng, and Natalie Sheen
From the Vault:"Metalanguage" by Gregory Bateson"Form, Substance, and Difference" by Gregory Bateson"The Relevance of General Semantics" by Alvin Toffler
Poems:"'I am a tear of the sun': Lawrence Ferlinghetti, Autobiography" by Phillip Dow"The Face" by Joan Colby"Joyrides" by Joan Colby"The Sketch Artist" by Joan Colby"Vowels" by Joan Colby"ISMS" by Joan Colby
Plus Letter from the Editor, Book Reviews, News and Notes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


More people search for real estate online today than ever before. Making sure your website is capturing as many of those visitors as possible is key to successfully marketing your properties. Our Web Pros have particular expertise in driving visits to real estate websites.
Since engaging Internet Revenue Specialist we have seen traffic increase on our website by 1000% - The right people are finding us for the right reasons!


Get the comment attribute from the card image if not already set.
The field-specifier of record-valued keyword cards; always None on normal cards.
Construct a Card object from a (raw) string. It will pad the string if it is not the length of a card image (80 columns). If the card image is longer than 80 columns, assume it contains CONTINUE card(s).
The card "image", that is, the 80 byte character string that represents this card in an actual FITS header.
True if the card is completely blank–that is, it has no keyword, value, or comment. It appears in the header as 80 spaces.
Returns the keyword name parsed from the card image.
The length of a Card image; should always be 80 for valid FITS files.
classmethod to convert a keyword value that may contain a field-specifier to uppercase. The effect is to raise the key to uppercase and leave the field specifier in its original case.
On record-valued keyword cards this is the name of the standard <= 8 character FITS keyword that this RVKC is stored in. Otherwise it is the card's normal keyword.
On record-valued keyword cards this is the raw string value in the <field-specifier>: <value> format stored in the card in order to represent a RVKC. Otherwise it is the card's normal value.
The value associated with the keyword stored in this card.


Not too long ago, news broke that Intel's (NASDAQ:INTC) mobile chip chief, Aicha Evans, had handed in her resignation to the chip giant. There had been some speculation that she was effectively "asked to leave," though in a column published here on Fool.com shortly after the news broke, I suggested that the executive, instead, might be leaving out of frustration.
After reading an article published in Bloomberg, it would seem that the latter explanation is more likely. Let's take a closer look.
Per Bloomberg, after Ms. Evans handed in her resignation, current Intel CEO Brian Krzanich was apparently "scrambling to get Evans to change her mind."
It's not clear whether Krzanich's efforts were successful. That said, the fact that Intel didn't include Ms. Evans' departure alongside the announcement that the Internet of Things and Client Computing Group heads, Doug Davis and Kirk Skaugen, respectively, were out may mean that she's not left yet.
Why should Evans bother to stick around?
To be blunt, Intel's efforts in the market for smartphone processors have been nothing short of a disaster. Though it is rumored to win a minority share of the stand-alone modems inside the upcoming Apple (NASDAQ:AAPL) iPhone 7 series of smartphones, the company's efforts to attack the broader smartphone market with integrated applications processors with modems have largely been fruitless.
The company just doesn't release products at a regular clip, and when its highly delayed products finally make it to market, it's too late for them.
I don't blame Ms. Evans for the mess that the company's mobile efforts currently are. Virtually all of Intel's mobile failings can be attributed to prior management.
The issues, however, aren't even totally attributable to the wireless division (i.e., modems) within the chip giant. Intel's struggles in manufacturing technology, as well as issues with the company's system-on-chip designs, also led to key mobility products being pushed out and/or simply not being competitive.
Mobile system-on-chip products incorporate many significant intellectual properties (IPs) and in order to be competitive, a company needs to field products with leadership IPs across the board. Intel, for whatever reason, has been unable to produce such worthwhile products.
In this Fool's mind, the organization itself is simply ill-suited for the fast-paced, hypercompetitive market for mobile system-on-chip products.
Though Intel has made a number of key hires in a bid to address these issues (Murthy Renduchintala and Amir Faintuch from Qualcomm (NASDAQ:QCOM) are the two highest profile ones that come to mind), it will likely be a while before the impact of their efforts will be felt.
And, by then, it may simply be too late.
In light of all of this, it's not hard to imagine why an executive of Evans' caliber wouldn't want to stick around. Intel's best shot at keeping her, if she is even willing to entertain the notion of staying, would probably be to hand her a substantial amount of money.
We'll find out soon enough whether Evans can ultimately be persuaded to stay.


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Kerstin Förster (Cottbus, 9 november 1965) is een Oost-Duits voormalig roeister. Ze maakte haar debuut tijdens de wereldkampioenschappen roeien 1986 met een gouden medaille in de dubbel-vier. Een jaar later prolongeerde ze deze titel. Op de Olympische Zomerspelen 1988 won Förster de olympische titel in de dubbel-vier. Haar man Olaf Förster werd tijdens de Olympische Zomerspelen 1988 kampioen in de vier-zonder-stuurman.

Resultaten
 Wereldkampioenschappen roeien 1986 in Nottingham  in de dubbel-vier
 Wereldkampioenschappen roeien 1987 in Kopenhagen  in de dubbel-vier
 Olympische Zomerspelen 1988 in Seoel  in de dubbel-vier

Oost-Duits roeier
Oost-Duits olympisch kampioen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Nice All Destinations
Explore Nice
Nice Tours
All Nice Tours
Things to do in Nice
Nice Old Town (Vieux Nice) Tours & Tickets
Promenade des Anglais Tours & Tickets
Eze Tours & Tickets
Cours Saleya Flower Market (Marché aux Fleurs Cours Saleya) Tours & Tickets
Matisse Museum (Musée Matisse) Tours & Tickets
Cimiez Monastery (Monastere de Cimiez) Tours & Tickets
Castle Hill (Colline du Château) Tours & Tickets
Mt. Boron (Mont Boron)
How to Spend 2 Days in Nice
How to Spend 1 Day in Nice
Food Lover's Guide to Provence
St-Tropez Day Trips from Nice
Monaco Tours from Nice
French Riviera Day Trips from Nice
Piedmont & Liguria
Things to do in French Riviera
Route Forestiere du Mont-Boron, Nice, French Riviera
The trails leading to Mt. Boron's summit are 6 miles (11 kilometers) long and meander through lush nature. Nature lovers will spy tree species, unique to the Mediterranean Sea, like Holm Oak and Aleppo Pine. Walk over to the 16th-century military fort perched 720 feet (220 meters) above the sea for a 360-degree view of the surrounding coastline and the Alpes-Maritimes.
Travelers may enjoy Mt. Boron as part of a tour, by way of sightseeing bus, walking, electric bike, or Segway. Tours typically tie in visits to top attractions along the French Riviera like the colorful Cours Saleya flower market, the Matisse Museum, and the Russian Cathedral of Cimiez. Other longer tours may visit Villefranche sur Mer, Château de Crémat (to taste local wines), and Monte Carlo (to test lady luck at one of the casinos).
Tours may include guide, round trip hotel transport, but not food or drink. Check specific tours for details.
Well-paved trails can get steep in places, in addition to the natural side trails.
In Monte Carlo casinos, children must be accompanied by an adult, travelers must present an ID card or passport, and a small entry fee may apply.
Travelers visiting Mt. Boron independently can take the 14 bus from Alberti station to—or down from after hiking up through the forest—the summit of Mt. Boron.
With medieval villages, sweeping coastal scenery, fertile vineyards, bustling food markets, and sun-soaked beaches, the French Riviera is the jewel in southern France's crown. Here are a few ways to explore the Cote d'Azur, using Nice as a base.
With its beaches and promenades, elegant restaurants and art museums, Nice offers plenty of tempting, sun-drenched attractions. The capital of the Côte d'Azur is also a perfectly situated jumping-off point for further Riviera explorations.
Provençal cuisine highlights the bounty of France's Mediterranean coast. Dishes are made with local herbs and seafood, and are often from traditional recipes passed down through the generations. Here are a few of the flavors and activities to seek out.
Plan a trip in spring or fall to avoid the crowds and heat of summer, which can make Mt. Boron's hiking or biking trails more strenous.
Drive the Nice Corniches Carved into the pine-forested mountains along the Cote d'Azur, between Nice and Menton, are three seaside roads with some of the most dramatic scenery and views in Europe: Grande Corniche, Basse Corniche, and Moyenne Corniche. Each one is different, holding a different perspective and unique set of charms.
More Tours in Nice
Things to do near Nice
Things to do in Monte-Carlo
Things to do in Cannes
Things to do in Toulon
Things to do in Aix-en-Provence
Things to do in Marignane
Things to do in Avignon
Things to do in Arles
Things to do in Nîmes
Things to do in Piedmont & Liguria
Things to do in Provence
More attractions near Nice
Villefranche Cruise Port (Port de la Santé)
Quai Lunel
Place Garibaldi
Castle Hill (Colline du Château)
Cours Saleya Flower Market (Marché aux Fleurs Cours Saleya)
Quai des États-Unis
Villa Ephrussi de Rothschild
Molinard Perfumery (Maison Molinard)
Massena Square (Place Masséna)
Marc Chagall National Museum (Musée National Marc Chagall)
Villa Kerylos
Cimiez Monastery (Monastere de Cimiez)
Matisse Museum (Musée Matisse)
Cote d'Azur Observatory (Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur)
Massena Art & History Museum (Musée Masséna)
Recommended for Nice


Devastator is the muscle in Malair's team of supervillains. He has an extraordinary strength and he's great at obeying commands, but once he sets eyes on a target, he's so blinded by fury that he's incapable of stopping.
Devastator: Tell us your opinions, questions, suggestions!


1. Smoking/Tobacco Use - tobacco use is linked with many serious illnesses such as cancer, lung disease and heart disease, as well as numerous other health problems. Tobacco users also are at increased risk for periodontal disease. Recent studies have shown that tobacco use may be one of the most significant risk factors in the development and progression of periodontal disease.
2. Genetics – Research proves that up to 30% of the population may be genetically susceptible to gum disease. Despite aggressive oral care habits, these people may be six times more likely to develop periodontal disease. Identifying these people with a genetic test before they even show signs of the disease and getting them into early interceptive treatment may help them keep their teeth for a lifetime.
3. Hormonal changes in women – Pregnancy, Puberty, Menopause, Mensturation etc. - During these phases, women's bodies experience hormonal changes which can affect many of the tissues in the body, including gums. Gums can become sensitive, and at times react strongly to the hormonal fluctuations. This makes gums more susceptible to diseases. Additionally, recent studies suggest that pregnant women with gum disease are seven times more likely to deliver preterm, low birth weight babies.
4. Stress - is linked to many serious conditions such as hypertension, cancer, and numerous other health problems. Stress also is a risk factor for periodontal disease. Research demonstrates that stress can make it more difficult for the body to fight off infection, including periodontal diseases.
5. Medications - Some drugs, such as oral contraceptives, anti-depressants, and certain heart medicines, can affect the oral health.
6. Clenching & grinding of teeth (Bruxism) - can put excess force on the supporting tissues of the teeth and could speed up the rate at which these periodontal tissues are destroyed.
7. Diabetes - is a disease that causes altered levels of sugar in the blood. Diabetes develops from either a deficiency in insulin production (a hormone that is the key component in the body's ability to use blood sugars) or the body's inability to use insulin correctly. Diabetic patients are at higher risk for developing infections, including periodontal diseases. These infections can impair the ability to process and/or utilize insulin, which may cause the diabetic status to be more difficult to control and the infection to be more severe than a non-diabetic.
8. High LDL cholesterol levels – apart from causing coronary artery disease, high cholesterol levels have also been proven to cause periodontal disease.
9. Other systemic diseases - Diseases that interfere with the body's immune system (eg. HIV infection, Hepatitis B infection etc.) may worsen the condition of the gums.
10. Poor nutrition - a diet low in important nutrients can compromise the body's immune system and make it harder for the body to fight off infection. Because periodontal disease is a serious infection, poor nutrition can worsen the condition of the gums.
a) Gingivitis - Gingivitis is the mildest form of periodontal disease. It causes the gums to become red, swollen, and bleed easily. There is usually little or no discomfort at this stage. Gingivitis is reversible with professional treatment and good at home oral care.
b) Aggressive Periodontitis - A form of periodontitis that occurs in patients who are otherwise clinically healthy. Common features include rapid attachment loss and bone destruction and familial aggregation.
c) Chronic Periodontitis - A form of periodontal disease resulting in inflammation within the supporting tissues of the teeth, progressive attachment and bone loss and is characterized by pocket formation and/or recession of the gingiva. It is recognized as the most frequently occurring form of periodontitis. It is prevalent in adults, but can occur at any age. Progression of attachment loss usually occurs slowly, but periods of rapid progression can occur.
d) Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic Diseases - Periodontititis, often with onset at a young age, associated with one of several systemic diseases, such as diabetes.
e) Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases - An infection characterized by necrosis of gingival tissues, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. These lesions are most commonly observed in individuals with systemic conditions including, but not limited to, HIV infection, malnutrition and immuno-suppression.
Following are some of the procedures that are employed to treat patients diagnosed with a periodontal (gum) disease. The treatment is aimed at eliminating / controlling the main cause of periodontal disease - the bacteria in the form of a sticky, colorless plaque that constantly forms on the teeth. However, treatment can be complete only when all factors causing / promoting periodontal (gum) diseases are brought under control .
Scaling and root planing are the non-surgical treatment methods adopted to control periodontal disease. Scaling is the procedure that meticulously removes plaque and tartar (the adherent, sticky substance on teeth containing toxins and micro-organisms). This is done in order to obtain a healing response. Root planing is a careful cleaning of the root surfaces to remove plaque and calculus [tartar] from deep periodontal pockets and to smooth the tooth root to remove bacterial toxins. These procedures are followed by adjunctive therapy such as local delivery antimicrobials. Many patients do not require any further active treatment, including surgical therapy. However, the majority of patients will require ongoing maintenance therapy to sustain health. Non-surgical therapy does have its limitations, however, and when it does not achieve periodontal health, surgery may be indicated to restore periodontal anatomy damaged by periodontal diseases and to facilitate oral hygiene practices.
Pocket Reduction Procedures – Periodontal pockets are formed when gums recede from the tooth surface as a result of gum disease, forming clefts between the tooth and the gums. These clefts or pockets facilitate accumulation of food debris and plaque. Reduction / elimination of these pockets by surgical means is essential to maintain periodontal health.
Regenerative Procedures - Eliminating existing bacteria and regenerating bone and tissue helps to reduce pocket depth and repair damage caused by the progression of periodontal disease. Membranes (filters), bone grafts or tissue- stimulating proteins are used to encourage the body's natural ability to regenerate bone and tissue in these procedures. GTR (Guided Tissue Generation) methods come under this category of procedures.
Crown Lengthening - excess gum and bone tissue is reshaped to expose more of the natural tooth. This can be done to one tooth, to the entire gum line, or to several teeth to expose a natural, broad smile.
Soft Tissue Grafts - Soft tissue grafts can be used to cover roots or develop gum tissue where absent due to excessive gingival recession. During this procedure, gum tissue from the palate or another donor source is taken to cover the exposed root. This can be done for one tooth or several teeth to even to the gum line. This procedure also helps in reducing dental sensitivity to a large extent.
Ridge augmentation – when one or more teeth are lost, an indention may develop in the gums and jawbone where the tooth used to be. This happens because the jawbone recedes when it no longer is holding a tooth in place. Not only is this indentation unnatural looking, it also causes the replacement tooth to look too long compared to the adjacent teeth. This "defect" can be filled by a procedure called ridge augmentation, recapturing the natural contour of the gums and jaw. A new tooth can then be created that is natural looking, easy-to-clean and beautiful.


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Vicksburg High running back Sha'Kori Regan scored two touchdowns Thursday against Cleveland Central, but the Gators lost 24-21.
Gators lose to Cleveland Central on last-second field goal
Published 12:42 am Friday, October 9, 2020
The Vicksburg Gators seemed poised to steal a victory Thursday night with a wild finish.
Then Cleveland Central said, "Hold my Gatorade."
Cleveland Central returned a kickoff to the 10-yard line after Vicksburg had scored to tie the game with 19 seconds left, and sophomore Cruz Oguz kicked a 22-yard field goal as time expired to give the Wolves a 24-21 victory.
It was the third time in four games that Vicksburg (1-5, 1-2 MHSAA Region 2-5A) has had a game decided in the final minute. It beat South Pike on a field goal as time expired two weeks ago, and lost to Natchez on a late touchdown in mid-September.
Sha'Kori Regan ran for two touchdowns in the second half against Cleveland Central — and finished with 295 yards on 32 carries — as the Gators rallied from a 21-7 deficit. His 2-yard TD run with 19 seconds left tied the game.
The Gators were without their kicker and holder, however, who were both out with injuries. That forced them to go for a two-point conversion that was no good. An attempt to put the ensuing kickoff close to the sideline did not work out, either, and Cleveland Central (2-3, 2-0) nearly returned it for a touchdown before kicking the game-winning field goal as time expired.
Vicksburg finished with 375 rushing yards as a team, and averaged 7.1 yards per carry. Rashad McCroy had 13 carries for 32 yards and one touchdown.
"The kids fought their heart out. We had opportunities to blow the game open and didn't take advantage of it," Gators head coach Todd McDaniel said. "I think we're a much improved team, but when you're down for so long you have to learn how to win and find ways not to lose games."
Vicksburg will go on the road next week to play Ridgeland (4-1, 2-0) in another Region 2-5A matchup.
St. Al, Tallulah Academy take homecoming losses
St. Aloysius came into Friday's game against Adams County Christian School with a chance to shore up an improbable playoff... read more


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Mixed MediaKaty, TX
The project's funding goal was not reached on Wed, July 11 2012 8:35 AM UTC +00:00
The Forgotten Cowboys
The Forgotten black cowboys of America. Some of the first cowboys were black, but how many have you heard about or seen on TV.
Rewards Campaign FAQ Updates 1 Comments 1 Community
As a ten-year-old boy playing cowboys with friends at school in England, I was never allowed to be a cowboy; I could only be a Native American Indian. I was told: "Black boys were never cowboys" or "Have you ever seen a black cowboy?" I had to admit that I had never seen a single black cowboy.
The only cowboys we ever saw were your white archetypal squared-jawed, American gun-slinging heroes. Think of our screen legends; The Lone Ranger, John Wayne, Gary Cooper, Roy Rogers, Clint Eastwood, right up to The Marlboro Man, the list is endless. Not one black cowboy amongst them.
Indeed Hollywood played a big part in keeping the cowboy myth alive. In fact where American history and identity has been projected by Hollywood and the mass media, the non-white settlers have largely been left out of the story.
Thirty years later and enjoying watching those same legends with my own children, I have only just learnt the truth; many of the first cowboys were black.
I have now made it my metier to discover these forgotten cowboys. And I have been both surprised and excited to find a thriving African American cowboy community.
There are many reasons why the history books fail to mention the contribution of the black cowboys. Oral tradition had preserved stories in the past, but illiteracy played a major role in their exclusion from America's written history. Those who were literate always wrote their history, those who could not simply disappeared.
The original term 'cowboy' was a derogatory slight against the black man often born into slavery. The terms house boy, field boy, kitchen boy and 'cow boy' were commonly used. Ironically, because of the abilities of these early stock handlers, the term became associated with strength, skill and tough, manly ruggedness.
After the American civil war many black cowboys and former plantation slaves enlisted in the army cavalry and were known as Buffalo Soldiers.Once they left the military they stayed in the Western territories and became ranch hands or cowboys. Non-military black men simply went West, seeking a better life, signed on with ranches and learned on the job. They were often brilliant horseman or sharp shooters, and many went on to become ranch foremen and managers, while others were hired as guides or federal peace officers in the Indian territories. It is estimated that as many a a third of all cowboys contracted to drive cattle to markets across America were either black, Indian or Mexican.
As well as the physically hard lifestyle, African American cowboys, often had to endure discrimination, bigotry, and prejudice. To counter this they learnt to excel at their work. They were most often the best at roping, bronco busting, taming mustangs, calling the brands, controlling the herd, or topping off horses.
I found it thrilling to see how these skills have been passed down through the generations. From New Mexico to Texas and as far up as the San Francisco Bay Area, many African Americans can trace their lineage right back to the old South.
I will continue my work and am anxious to discover more about some of the amazing characters, meeting the new breed of 21st century black cowboys working on the many ranches scattered around the Southern states today.
I hope to document the lives of the men women and children who compete in the hundreds of rodeo events across the country. Shockingly many black cowboys from communities across the US were banned from competing at the main rodeos right until the late 1980's.
Even with that hardship I have found that black cowboys were fundamental to the evolution of the western narrative, which has been so central to the identity of mainstream or "White America".
When I came across this community of black cowboys recently in Texas it surprised me how little I knew and also how little was known about these true pioneers of the Wild West.
For too long now, the contributions of the African-American cowboy has been overlooked and almost forgotten in the great history of the American West. I would like to recognize these unsung heroes.
My aim is to produce a multimedia exhibition, which will consist of one full length documentary feature film, three short video stories, a photographic portrait series and a photographic book, all under the title of 'The Forgotten Cowboy'.
I want to realise the widest cultural and educational exposure for this captivating and vastly unexplored subject matter globally.
My responsibility as a documentarian photographer/filmmaker is to translate what I see and to produce an objective project, which enlightens, entertains, stirs emotion, educates, and hopefully leaves an indelible impression. And as a visual artist I have a keen curiosity in every new story that comes my way.
With your help and support I can create an extensive chronicle on this much over-looked community that has served it's nation well over the centuries, without recognition or reward.
These cowboys and cowgirls are proud of their heritage and background and have seen their stories gradually, if very slowly, entering mainstream American history. I would like to help promote and document their stories.
HOW YOUR CONTRIBUTION WILL BE USED:
Crew, equipment rental, travel/transportation, & post production make up a majority of the costs. We are now trying to reach our desired goal of $50,000 endeavoring to make the best multimedia exhibition possible.
This is a creavtie project, and the current funding goal reflects the estimated cost of putting together an independent multi-media project.
I would like to thank Kickstarter and everyone who has expressed an interest in this project.
You'll get a HD digital download of the "Forgotten Cowboy" when the film is ready for release in around late Summer 2013.
A DVD copy of the film "The Forgotten Cowboys" once the film is ready for release. You will also receive a sign limited 8x10 print from "The Forgotten Cowboy" photographic series.
A DVD copy of the film "The Forgotten Cowboys" once the film is ready for release. You will also receive a signed limited edition 10x12 print(choice of two) from "The Forgotten Cowboy" photographic series.
A DVD copy of the film "The Forgotten Cowboys" once the film is ready for release. You will also receive a signed limited edition 23x16 print(choice of 3) from "The Forgotten Cowboy" photographic series.
A DVD copy of the film "The Forgotten Cowboys" once the film is ready for release. You will also receive a signed limited 23x16 print(choice of 3) from "The Forgotten Cowboy" photographic series. Your name will also be added to the final published book.
A DVD copy of the film "The Forgotten Cowboys" once the film is ready for release. You will also receive a signed limited edition 23x16 print(choice of 5) from "The Forgotten Cowboy" photographic series. Your name will also be included in the credits on the final documentary.
A DVD copy of the film "The Forgotten Cowboys" once the film is ready for release. You will also receive a signed limited edition 23x16 print(choice of 5) from "The Forgotten Cowboy" photographic series. Your name will also be included in the cerdits for the final documentary and the published book.
A DVD copy of the film "The Forgotten Cowboys" once the film is ready for release. You will also receive a signed limited edition archival black & White 20x16 print framed(I will only print 5) from "The Forgotten Cowboy" photographic series. Your name will also be included in the credits for the final documentary, the exhibition.You will also receive a copy of the published book as well a personal thank you from the team behind the project.
A DVD copy of the film "The Forgotten Cowboys" once the film is ready for release. You will also receive a framed & signed limited edition archival black & White 20x16 print of your choice from "The Forgotten Cowboy" photographic series. Your name will be added as executive producer for the final documentary. You will also be included in exhibition and the book as a contributor whilst also receiving a copy of the published book. Along a personal thank you from the team behind the project.


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By Rory Jackson
Superyacht premiums and crew professionalism
Is it possible to reduce superyacht insurance premiums by bolstering the professionalism of crew?
Is it possible to reduce superyacht insurance premiums by bolstering the professionalism of crew? At an exclusive roundtable lunch, held at Coq d'Argent in central London, SuperyachtNews was joined by representatives from Hiscox MGA, Viking Recruitment, Shipowners P&I and MAST, to discuss this very topic – the results of which will be published in issue 178 of The Superyacht Report.
This topic, like so many others, has no simple answer and is subject to the trials and tribulations of the greater yachting industry. In this short preview article, I will touch on one such issue – minimum training standards.
Those that work within the superyacht industry are beginning to reach the consensus that, while many still bemoan the loss of an entirely deregulated industry, minimum training standards, such as the STCW or Powerboat Level 2, are not sufficient.
The superyacht industry does have one saving grace in that, relatively speaking, there are few accidents. But, merely accepting that accidents are rare, does not necessarily justify the standards being as they are.
"It is the owners and captains, and by deferral the managers, responsibility to make sure the vessel in manned properly in order to ensure it is seaworthy," comments Paul Miller, director of underwriting at Hiscox MGA. "I am the first to be vocal about it, the bar is far too low for the STCW and people need to accept that. It was only begrudgingly accepted in the first place, but people are starting to believe that it is not enough."
It is simply unfair to claim that a minimum standard culture pervades all of superyachting. There are, without doubt, a number of well run, well trained vessels out there. But, there are also a number of vessels that, although technically meeting standards, fall short of the standards one would expect – and this is reflected in premiums as they stand. If it were possible to create a gold standard for vessels, would we see insurance premiums fall?
To read the conclusions of the discussion, subscribe to The Superyacht Report.
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Home / Media / NBA claps back at LeBron's heated rant about slew of injuries due to rushed 2020-21 season
NBA claps back at LeBron's heated rant about slew of injuries due to rushed 2020-21 season
By Robert Marvi
After suffering a severe ankle injury that dampened the Los Angeles Lakers' chances of winning another NBA title, LeBron James went on social media to criticize the NBA for starting the season too early.
Now, a league official has responded to James' harsh words.
NBA spokesman Mike Bass after criticism of the league schedule from LeBron James:
"Injury rates were virtually the same this season as they were during 2019-20 while starter-level and All-Star players missed games due to injury at similar rates as the last three seasons. (1/2)
— Marc Stein (@TheSteinLine) June 16, 2021
More from NBA spokesman Mike Bass to @NYTSports on criticism of this season's schedule registered today by LeBron James:
"While injuries are an unfortunate reality of our game, we recognize the enormous sacrifices NBA players and teams have made to play through this pandemic."
After the 2019-20 season was suspended for about four months due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was some debate about when the 2020-21 campaign would start.
It ultimately tipped off just before Christmas, giving teams that went deep in the 2020 NBA Playoffs very little rest during the offseason.
In addition to James, other stars such as Anthony Davis, Jamal Murray, James Harden, Donovan Mitchell and Jaylen Brown have all missed significant time due to injuries.
Los Angeles Clippers star Kawhi Leonard is out indefinitely due to a knee injury at a very inopportune time.
Luckily for James, he will have about four full months to rest, recover and train before next season begins.
The four-time MVP has promised to come back as strong as ever for the 2021-22 season and look to bring the Lakers their 18th world championship.
featuredLeBron JamesLos Angeles Lakersnews ticker
← Previous Story Draymond Green praises 'Washed King' LeBron James for earning slot on All-NBA Second Team
Next Story → Robert Horry comes to LeBron James' defense after he rips apart NBA for starting season too early
About Robert Marvi
Robert is a native of Santa Monica, Calif., and a graduate of the University of California, Santa Barbara. He has been an avid NBA fan since he was a little kid in the mid '90s and fell in love with the Nick Van Exel-led Lakers teams. He truly cherishes the Kobe Bryant-era of Lakers basketball and the five world championships that came with it, and is looking forward to the team's next NBA title.
The Los Angeles Lakers aren't necessarily done making moves ahead of the NBA's Feb. 9 trade deadline, and one...
Report: Lakers still expected to be in on Bojan Bogdanovic


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Download Hi-Res ImageDownload to MS-PowerPointCite This:J. Agric. Food Chem. 1996, 44, 2, 594-598
, , and
Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 226, Reading RG6 6AP, United Kingdom
Solution chemistry,
Absorption,
Atmospheric pressure,
Glucose−lysine solutions, initial pH 5.1, 6.5, 8.0, and 10.1, were incubated at temperatures in the range 40−60 °C under atmospheric pressure and 600 MPa. The rate of Maillard browning at 50 °C was shown to be retarded by pressure in solutions of initial pH 5.1 and 6.5 but significantly enhanced in solutions of initial pH 8.0 and 10.1, while the effect of pressure was negligible at pH 7.0−7.5. At pH 10.1 the activation energies for the two systems (high pressure and atmospheric pressure) were not significantly different. The rates of reaction of these systems carried out in phosphate and bicarbonate buffer, at 600 MPa and alkaline pH, were slower than expected. It is proposed that pressure-induced ionization of the carboxylate group on the lysine at low pH, or of the phosphate and bicarbonate groups at high pH, causes a decrease in pH and subsequent reduction in the rate of reaction. In systems in which the pH is unaffected by pressure, i.e., those buffered by the amino groups of lysine, pressure accelerates the rate of reaction. Preliminary HPLC and UV data suggest there is no difference between the chemical pathways followed with and without the application of elevated pressure.
Keywords: High pressure; Maillard browning; glucose; lysine; xylose; color
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed (telephone +441734 318700; fax +441734 310080; e-mail [email protected]).
Abstract published in Advance ACS Abstracts, January 1, 1996.
This article is cited by 49 publications.
Juan M. Pérez-Andrés, Clémentine M. G. Charoux, P. J. Cullen, Brijesh K. Tiwari. Chemical Modifications of Lipids and Proteins by Nonthermal Food Processing Technologies. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry2018,66 (20) , 5041-5054. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06055
Geraldine Avila Ruiz, Bingyan Xi, Marcel Minor, Guido Sala, Martinus van Boekel, Vincenzo Fogliano, and Markus Stieger . High-Pressure–High-Temperature Processing Reduces Maillard Reaction and Viscosity in Whey Protein–Sugar Solutions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry2016,64 (38) , 7208-7215. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01955
Roman Buckow, Johannes Wendorff, and Yacine Hemar . Conjugation of Bovine Serum Albumin and Glucose under Combined High Pressure and Heat. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry2011,59 (8) , 3915-3923. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf104336w
Kristel De Vleeschouwer, Iesel Van der Plancken, Ann Van Loey, and Marc E. Hendrickx. The Effect of High Pressure−High Temperature Processing Conditions on Acrylamide Formation and Other Maillard Reaction Compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry2010,58 (22) , 11740-11748. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf102697b
Federico Basso, Lara Manzocco, Michela Maifreni, Maria Cristina Nicoli. Hyperbaric storage of egg white at room temperature: Effects on hygienic properties, protein structure and technological functionality. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies2021,74 , 102847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102847
Kemal Aganovic, Christian Hertel, Rudi. F. Vogel, Reimar Johne, Oliver Schlüter, Uwe Schwarzenbolz, Henry Jäger, Thomas Holzhauser, Johannes Bergmair, Angelika Roth, Robert Sevenich, Niels Bandick, Sabine E. Kulling, Dietrich Knorr, Karl‐Heinz Engel, Volker Heinz. Aspects of high hydrostatic pressure food processing: Perspectives on technology and food safety. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety2021,20 (4) , 3225-3266. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12763
Jeff Deischter, Nadja Wolter, Regina Palkovits. Tailoring Activated Carbons for Efficient Downstream Processing: Selective Liquid‐Phase Adsorption of Lysine. ChemSusChem2020,13 (14) , 3614-3621. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202000885
Zongshuai Zhu, Ming Huang, Yiqun Cheng, Iftikhar Ali Khan, Jichao Huang. A comprehensive review of Nε-carboxymethyllysine and Nε-carboxyethyllysine in thermal processed meat products. Trends in Food Science & Technology2020,98 , 30-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.021
Atsushi Kobayashi, Satoko Gomikawa, Asami Oguro, Satoshi Maeda, Akira Yamazaki, Shinji Sato, Hirofumi Maekawa. The Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure on Acrylamide Generation in Aqueous Reaction Systems Using Asparagine and Glucose. Food Science and Technology Research2019,25 (4) , 587-596. https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.25.587
Ergin Murat Altuner, Hami Alpas. Predictive modeling for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural formation by some application conditions of high hydrostatic pressure, namely glucose concentration and application temperature, in high glucose containing model beverages. Journal of Food Process Engineering2018,41 (7) , e12852. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12852
Xiao-juan Ma, Jin-yan Gao, Ping Tong, Xin Li, Hong-bing Chen. Tracking the behavior of Maillard browning in lysine/arginine-sugar model systems under high hydrostatic pressure. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture2017,97 (15) , 5168-5175. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8398
Uwe Schwarzenbolz, Annett Förster, Thomas Henle. Influence of high hydrostatic pressure on the reaction between glyoxal and lysine residues. European Food Research and Technology2017,243 (8) , 1355-1361. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-017-2846-x
Noor Akhmazillah Fauzi, Mohammed Mehdi Farid. High Pressure Processed Manuka Honey: Change in Nutritional and Rheological Properties over 1-Year Storage. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation2017,41 (4) , e13085. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13085
Vinicio Serment-Moreno, Kai Deng, Xulei Wu, Jorge Welti-Chanes, Gonzalo Velazquez, J. Antonio Torres. Pressure Effects on the Rate of Chemical Reactions Under the High Pressure and High Temperature Conditions Used in Pressure-Assisted Thermal Processing. 2015,, 937-964. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36605-5_5
Vinicio Serment-Moreno, Kai Deng, Xulei Wu, Jorge Welti-Chanes, Gonzalo Velazquez, J. Antonio Torres. Pressure Effects on the Rate of Chemical Reactions Under the High Pressure and High Temperature Conditions Used in Pressure-Assisted Thermal Processing. 2015,, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41609-5_5-1
J.K. Parker. Thermal generation or aroma. 2015,, 151-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-78242-103-0.00008-4
Noor Akhmazillah Fauzi, Mohammed M. Farid. High-pressure processing of Manuka honey: brown pigment formation, improvement of antibacterial activity and hydroxymethylfurfural content. International Journal of Food Science & Technology2015,50 (1) , 178-185. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.12630
Sergio I. Martinez-Monteagudo, Marleny D. A. Saldaña. Chemical Reactions in Food Systems at High Hydrostatic Pressure. Food Engineering Reviews2014,6 (4) , 105-127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12393-014-9087-6
Mickael C. Santos, Cláudia Nunes, M. Angélica M. Rocha, Ana Rodrigues, Sílvia M. Rocha, Jorge A. Saraiva, Manuel A. Coimbra. Impact of high pressure treatments on the physicochemical properties of a sulphur dioxide-free white wine during bottle storage: Evidence for Maillard reaction acceleration. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies2013,20 , 51-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2013.07.001
Antonio Dario Troise, Vincenzo Fogliano. Reactants encapsulation and Maillard Reaction. Trends in Food Science & Technology2013,33 (1) , 63-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2013.07.002
Min Young Kim, Sang Hoon Lee, Gwi Yeong Jang, Hyun Young Kim, Koan Sik Woo, In Guk Hwang, Junsoo Lee, Heon Sang Jeong. Effects of Heat Treatment on Antioxidant Activity of Hydrolyzed Mung Beans. Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology2013,45 (1) , 34-39. https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2013.45.1.34
N. A. Michael Eskin, Chi-Tang Ho, Fereidoon Shahidi. Browning Reactions in Foods. 2013,, 245-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-091809-9.00006-6
Iesel Van der Plancken, Lise Verbeyst, Kristel De Vleeschouwer, Tara Grauwet, Raija-Liisa Heiniö, Fiona A. Husband, Martina Lille, Alan R. Mackie, Ann Van Loey, Kaarina Viljanen, Marc Hendrickx. (Bio)chemical reactions during high pressure/high temperature processing affect safety and quality of plant-based foods. Trends in Food Science & Technology2012,23 (1) , 28-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2011.08.004
K. Segovia Bravo, R. Ramírez, R. Durst, Z.J. Escobedo-Avellaneda, J. Welti-Chanes, P.D. Sanz, J.A. Torres. Formation Risk of Toxic and Other Unwanted Compounds in Pressure-Assisted Thermally Processed Foods. Journal of Food Science2012,77 (1) , R1-R10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02451.x
Zamantha Escobedo-Avellaneda, Mirian Pateiro Moure, Nattaporn Chotyakul, J. Antonio Torres, Jorge Welti-Chanes, Concepción Pérez Lamela. Benefits and limitations of food processing by high-pressure technologies: effects on functional compounds and abiotic contaminants Beneficios y limitaciones del procesamiento de alimentos por tecnologías de alta presión: efectos en componentes funcionales y contaminantes abióticos. CyTA - Journal of Food2011,9 (4) , 351-364. https://doi.org/10.1080/19476337.2011.616959
Yong-Guang Guan, Pei Yu, Shu-Juan Yu, Xian-Bing Xu, Wen-Hui Shi, Wei-Wei Sun. Effects of pressure on the glucose–ammonium sulphite caramel solutions. Food Chemistry2011,127 (2) , 596-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.049
Uwe Schwarzenbolz, Thomas Henle. Non-enzymatic modifications of proteins under high-pressure treatment. High Pressure Research2010,30 (4) , 458-465. https://doi.org/10.1080/08957959.2010.523893
H. Jaeger, A. Janositz, D. Knorr. The Maillard reaction and its control during food processing. The potential of emerging technologies. Pathologie Biologie2010,58 (3) , 207-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patbio.2009.09.016
Cai- hong Xu, Shu- juan Yu, Xiao-quan Yang, Jun-ru Qi, Hua Lin, Zhen-gang Zhao. Emulsifying properties and structural characteristics of β-conglycinin and dextran conjugates synthesised in a pressurised liquid system. International Journal of Food Science & Technology2010,45 (5) , 995-1001. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02220.x
Yoon-Sook Kim, Ji-Hye Moon, Myung-Hee Kim, Hee-Don Choi, Yong-Kon Park. Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activities of Maillard Reaction Products from Defatted Hydrolyzed Soybean Protein with Various Sugars. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition2009,38 (1) , 62-69. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.1.062
Chee-Yuen Gan, Lai-Hoong Cheng, Baharin Azahari, Azhar Mat Easa. In-vitro digestibility and amino acid composition of soy protein isolate cross-linked with microbial transglutaminase followed by heating with ribose. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition2009,60 (sup7) , 99-108. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480802635090
Honggao Xu, Yanxiang Gao, Xuan Liu, Jian Zhao. Effects of supercritical carbon dioxide on volatile formation from Maillard reaction between ribose and cysteine. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture2008,88 (2) , 328-335. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3093
Rosina López-Fandiño. Functional Improvement of Milk Whey Proteins Induced by High Hydrostatic Pressure. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition2006,46 (4) , 351-363. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408690590957278
E. Shimoni. Novel techniques to prevent the formation of acrylamide in processed food. 2006,, 478-493. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845692018.3.478
Vanessa M. Hill, Jennifer M. Ames, Dave A. Ledward, Louise Royle. The Use of Capillary Electrophoresis to Investigate the Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure on the Maillard Reaction. 2005,, 121-126. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845698447.3.121
Douglas B. MacDougall, Mirjana Granov. Relationship between Ultraviolet and Visible Spectra in Maillard Reactions and CIELAB Colour Space and Visual Appearance. 2005,, 160-165. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845698447.4.160
Trevor S. Gentry, John S. Roberts. Formation kinetics and application of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural as a time–temperature indicator of lethality for continuous pasteurization of apple cider. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies2004,5 (3) , 327-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2004.03.005
S. C. Shen, J. S. B. Wu. Maillard Browning in Ethanolic Solution. Journal of Food Science2004,69 (4) , FCT273-FCT279. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb06328.x
Wendie L Claeys, Indrawati, Ann M Van Loey, Marc E Hendrickx. Review: are intrinsic TTIs for thermally processed milk applicable for high-pressure processing assessment?. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies2003,4 (1) , 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1466-8564(02)00066-8
W. Messens, J. Van Camp, K. Dewettinck. High-pressure processing to improve dairy product quality. 2003,, 310-332. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781855737075.2.310
U Schwarzenbolz, H Klostermeyer, Th Henle. Maillard reaction under high hydrostatic pressure: studies on the formation of protein-bound amino acid derivatives. International Congress Series2002,1245 , 223-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0531-5131(02)01003-8
A. Fernandez Garcia, P. Butz, B. Tauscher. Effects of High-pressure Processing on Carotenoid Extractability, Antioxidant Activity, Glucose Diffusion, and Water Binding of Tomato Puree (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Journal of Food Science2001,66 (7) , 1033-1038. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb08231.x
S. J. Téllez-Luis, J. A. Ramírez, C. Pérez-Lamela, M. Vázquez, J. Simal-Gándara. APLICACIÓN DE LA ALTA PRESIÓN HIDROSTÁTICA EN LA CONSERVACIÓN DE LOS ALIMENTOS APPLICATION OF HIGH HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE IN THE FOOD PRESERVATION APLICACIÓN DA ALTA PRESIÓN HIDROSTÁTICA NA CONSERVACIÓN DOS ALIMENTOS. Ciencia y Tecnologia Alimentaria2001,3 (2) , 66-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/11358120109487649
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Poster Vote
Online Participation
Frank McLoughlin - Principal of City and Islington College, Martin Hall - Vice-Chancellor of the University of Salford (2 Invited Speakers 0601, 0602)
Theme: Invited speaker
Tags Inv, Elluminate
Presentation File:
Do_worlds_Collide__Hall_.ppt
Do_Worlds_Collide__Sept_2010_.pdf
14:50 - 15:50 on Tuesday, 7 September 2010 in Room MA
Audio recording with PowerPoint of Frank McLoughlin's and Martin Hall's presentations made using Elluminate.
Video of Frank McCloughlin's talk
Video of Martin Hall's talk
601 One college's journey – a view from the bridge Frank McLoughlin
602 When worlds collide – revisiting experiential learning Martin Hall
601 One college's journey – a view from the bridge Frank McLoughlin City and Islington College, where Frank McLoughlin has been principal for many years, has long been committed to the systematic use of ICT. In this session Frank will reflect on the college's overall journey in its use of ICT to support learning, focusing on the impact of the college's web-based services on learners' relationship with the college, and on the changing nature of the college's learners and their use of ICT in learning. Frank, who is also Chair of the 157 Group, a membership organisation representing an influential group of large, successful and regionally influential Further Education colleges in England, will also provide a 'forward look' covering how, in the new political and economic climate, publicly funded education can continue to innovate in learning technology.
602 When worlds collide – revisiting experiential learning Martin Hall How can universities incorporate the collision between informal education and social networking, and the formal curriculum and accreditation? What happens when the worlds of formal university education and social networking collide? The imminence of this collision is now widely accepted. But what happens when open, byte-sized bits of knowledge come up against the need for sequence and structure, for curricula that build systematically on prior understanding and insight, and formal accreditation? This is not primarily a technological issue – it is more a question about the nature of knowledge itself. Social networking is transforming the nature of "tacit knowledge". By revisiting formative concepts of experiential learning, leading-edge experimentation with new technologies can themselves be codified and theorized, and translated into organizational change within the universities.


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Law of Resistance - Graphic Novel
A king is betrayed by his own army. His dying world is on the brink of destruction when King Aidon and his family flee to Earth.
A king is betrayed by his own army. His dying world is on the brink of destruction when King Aidon and his family flee to Earth. Aided by advanced survival suits, the royal family must overcome all the dangers Earth throws at them, while the king struggles with the question of whether to save his home planet at the expense of Earth. With their home planet bereft of resources, it is believed that invading Earth and appropriating its natural resources could save their people and their planet. But who deserves to live? Will a King bearing the responsibility to protect his people disregard his birthright for the survival of his own wife and children?
Law of Resistance is an engrossing tale of one family's journey and sacrifice. Having read about the story's conception and the ideas its creators sought to infuse into this epic adventure…I was intrigued. Turning the pages I was swept into the story. The artwork is breathtaking. I found myself amazed at how brilliantly the novel had realized and orchestrated so many complex themes in words and pictures.
This is the saga of King Aidon and his quest to protect his family, his people, and to save his world. The journey Aidon and his wife and children make is both compelling and emotional. We share in their hopes and dreams, see their flaws and virtues, and we are saddened by their failures and are uplifted by their victories. While the adventure and intrigue are both pulse pounding and page turning, I also found that Law of Resistance is poignant and relevant to our times. Its themes echo real world concerns such as our planet's evolving climate. This story invites us to reflect on our nature. It shows what could be the very best in our nature while holding us captive by its powerful storytelling and masterful artistry.
-Armand Baltazar
Copyright © 2014-2018 PKMM, Inc. All rights reserved.


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Zhang Yimou (张艺谋) (født 14. november 1950) er en filmfotograf og en af Kinas mest kendte filminstruktører. Han tilhører den såkaldte "femte generations instruktører". Han spillefilmsdebuterede som instruktør med filmen Red Sorghum i 1987. Herhjemme er han bedst kendt for at have instrueret kampsportsfilmen Hero med actionstjernen Jet Li i hovedrollen.

Filmografi

Instruktør
 Red Sorghum (红高粱 1987)
 Codename Cougar (代号美洲豹 1989)
 Ju Dou (菊豆 1991)
 Raise the Red Lantern (大红灯笼高高挂 1992)
 The Story of Qiu Ju (秋菊打官司 1992)
 To Live (活着 1994)
 Shanghai Triad (摇啊摇,摇到外婆桥 1995)
 Lumière and Company (1995) – segment of a short film anthology
 Keep Cool (有话好好说 1997)
 Not One Less (一个都不能少 1999)
 The Road Home (我的父亲母亲 1999)
 Happy Times (幸福时光 2000)
 Hero (英雄 2002)
 House of Flying Daggers (十面埋伏 2004)
 Riding Alone for Thousands of Miles (千里走单骑 2005)
 Curse of the Golden Flower (满城尽带黄金甲 2006)

Cinematografi
 One and Eight (一個和八個 1982)
 Yellow Earth (黃土地 1984)
 Old Well (老井 1986)
 The Big Parade (大阅兵 1986)

Skuespiller
 Old Well (老井 1986)- Shun Wangquan
 Red Sorghum (红高粱 1987)
 Fight and Love with a Terracotta Warrior (古今大战秦俑情 1989) – Tian Fong
 Keep Cool (有话好好说 1997) – Junk Peddler

Eksterne henvisninger

 Tekst af 2002 interview med Zhang Yimou
 Zhang Yimou's Qin Shi Huangdi Complex – Cui Weiping
 Zhang Yimou
 Senses of Cinema: Great Directors Critical Database
 Essay on Zhang's To Live
 The Minimal and the Exotic: The Contrasting Worlds of Zhang Yimou podcast of a lecture by Prof. John Orr, University of Edinburgh
 Music fra filmene af Zhang Yimou

Filminstruktører fra Kina
Filmfotografer


Pamalyn has been painting for more than 25 years. She has a bachelor's degree in Fine Arts from Wittenberg University and also received formal training at the Parsons School of Design in France and Italy. She presently lives and works in Boulder, Colorado.
Pam's expressionistic and abstract paintings are inspired by her garden, nature and travel. These lively, colorful and textured paintings are sculpted with copious amounts of paint and transparent gels with palette knives, odds and ends and her imagination. The multi-layered landscapes, sunflowers, abstracts and more come alive on canvas with brilliant colors and textures.


You may also want to get the Rufus Reed and Ray Brown books for jazz stuff. There is also a good Ron Carter book. Good luck and good for you for playing a "real" bass in jazz band.
: You may also want to get the Rufus Reed and Ray Brown books for jazz stuff. There is also a good Ron Carter book. Good luck and good for you for playing a "real" bass in jazz band.


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AGC Aerospace & Defense
Loans & Leases
Commuter Air Technology Opens Office at MacDill Air Force Base (Tampa)
OKLAHOMA CITY – In a strategic move to better serve its primary customer, Oklahoma City-based Commuter Air Technology (CAT), an AGC Aerospace & Defense Company, has opened a satellite office in Tampa, Fla.
The new office is located near MacDill Air Force Base in Tampa, which is the headquarters for the U.S. military's Special Operations Command. The office is led by Juan "Johnny" Alvarez, CAT's Director of Special Operations Forces and Latin American Business Development.
Alvarez is responsible for all interactions with Special Operations and Latin America, including contract procurement and management of active projects.
"The U.S. Special Operations Command is becoming a more important customer for us, and we need to have a constant presence in Tampa to be able to respond to that customer," said CAT President Darryl Wilkerson. "As a company that employs numerous alumni, CAT is uniquely qualified to provide the highest level of service to meet the demanding requirements of the Special Operation Forces."
Alvarez joined CAT in April, bringing a distinguished military and civilian background to the position, including work in more than 30 countries around the world
Alvarez began his military career in 1987 with the U.S. Navy, and was a Navy helicopter pilot assigned to the 20th and 6th Special Operations Squadrons as part of a military exchange program to the Air Force Special Operations Command. He transitioned to the U.S. Air Force in 1998, where he held many highly regarded leadership positions during his tenure.
In 1996, during a counter drug mission, he was onboard an Ecuadorian Army helicopter that crashed into a river in an Ecuadorian jungle near the Columbian border. Although the Army pilot was killed on impact, Alvarez and a Navy SEAL survived, though both sustained major injuries.
Alvarez lost his leg, but made history as the United States' first military pilot to return to full combat flying status.
Since then, he has participated in and commanded combat and Special Operations Force missions worldwide, most recently in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. His final assignment was as the Defense and Air Attaché to Bolivia before he retired in September 2010. He served as a Senior Fellow with the Joint Special Operations University since 2010.
"CAT is proud of its outreach efforts to veterans and wounded warriors," Wilkerson said. "Our policies reflect our ethos of selfless service, and we feel that Johnny Alvarez embodies that attitude. We're proud to have him as a member of CAT."
CAT delivers certified aircraft and aircraft modifications, including high performance and flight characteristics enhancements, commuter and high-density passenger systems and support, corporate reconfigurations and cargo conversions. With over 20 years experience enhancing the King Air models, CAT offers a full line of technical services, such as program management, Aircraft Maintenance Management, Engineering and Developing, STC Process Management and Airworthiness Certifications.
AGC Aerospace & Defense, the unifying brand of private equity group Acorn Growth Companies, is a global supplier of technologies, systems and services that support key commercial and military programs. Capabilities within the AGC Aerospace & Defense portfolio range from financing, engineering, and integration services to manufacturing, logistics, and aircraft modifications. AGC Aerospace & Defense is organized into four operating groups: Composites, Finance, Integrated Defense, and Services.
For more information, please visit: www.agcaerospace.com.
Contact: Lou Caporicci
Vice President of Business Development
Commuter Air Technology
Phone: (405) 405.792.7610
© 2018 AGC Aerospace & Defense | All Rights Reserved.


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Australian Spelling: Five More Rules
It's disconcerting for an editor to realize she doesn't know how to spell. When I arrived in Australia, I discovered this country mostly follows British spelling rules, which meant I had to learn how to spell all over again. In my last post, I described using "-our" rather than "-or" in words like "colour" and "honour." Here are five more new rules for me to master.
The first rule is to use an "s" instead of a "z." We spell words like "generalize" and "analyze" with "-ize" or "-yze" endings. Australians use "-ise" and "-yse" instead. So "organize," "authorize," and "paralyze" become "organise," "authorise," and "paralyse."
In the second rule, use "-re" instead of "-er." Australian spelling retains an "-re" ending on some words to preserve their original French spellings. In contrast, Noah Webster standardized American spelling of those words to end in "-er," to match how they were pronounced and to conform with the spelling of other words that ended in "-er." In Australia, words like "theater," "center," and "kilometer" are spelled "theatre," "centre," and "kilometre."
Noah Webster also tried to simplify American spelling by removing silent letters. Australian spelling instead retains the silent "a" and "o" for some words. The American spelling of "pediatrician" becomes "paediatrician" in Australia, and "estrogen" becomes "oestrogen."
In the fourth rule, Australian spelling often uses double consonants. So, words like "focused," "counseling," and "traveled" become "focussed," "counselling," and "travelled."
The last rule confuses me to no end. Sometimes, Australian spelling uses a "c" instead of an "s," so our spellings of "defense" and "pretense" become "defence" and "pretence." However, sometimes the opposite occurs, and words that we would spell with an "c" are replaced with an "s" in Australia. For example, our American spelling of "practice" is spelled "practise" by Australians—but only if it is used as a verb, as in "to practise piano." If the word is used as a noun, then it is spelled "practice," as in "We have band practice today." I've decided that MY rule will be to consult a dictionary whenever I see an "-se" or "-ce" ending.
And then there are words that have completely different spellings, such as "cheque" instead of "check" and "tyre" rather than "tire." Yep, a subscription to an online Australian spelling dictionary is definitely in my future.
Than vs. Then
A client asked me to edit a PowerPoint presentation and check the use of than vs. then. Sure enough, than had been used when then was the correct choice. When do you use which word?
Let's look at the easier one first. The word than is used after a comparison, so it often accompanies comparatives like taller, better, and smarter (to name just a few) and words such as more, less, and fewer.
Tim is taller than Tom.
Sunset is later this month than last month.
Cassie has fewer paperbacks than her sister has.
Then is used when referring to time or a sequence of events.
We'll see you then.
She walked to the corner and then crossed the street.
Come to the diner, then we can order breakfast.
Combined with the word if, then can also mean in that case, or as a consequence.
Example: If the car is in the shop, then I won't be driving to work.
Remember, use than in comparisons and then for everything else. Knowing the difference between than and then means you'll never find yourself in this situation, from Season 1 of The Wire.
The Foreword, Preface, and Introduction
A bunch of content needed to go at the beginning of a book I was working on for a client, and I didn't know what to call that opening section. Should it be a foreword, preface, or an introduction?
A foreword, according to the Chicago Manual of Style, is usually written by someone other than the author. A foreword is like a stamp of approval on the book, and it helps publishers to market the book, particularly if an already-established author writes it. A foreword ranges from one to two pages. By the way, people often misspell "foreword" as "foreward" or "forward." To remember the correct spelling, think of a foreword as the "word" that comes be"fore" the book.
A preface, which the author writes, is about the book itself. A preface often explains how the author wrote the book or why. A preface can also establish the author's credibility to write about a topic. The goal of the preface is to draw in the audience and persuade them to read the book.
An introduction does exactly what the name implies: the author introduces the audience to the book's content. An introduction may explain the book's organization or its overall themes. If the author researched a topic, then the introduction may define terms or describe the methodology.
What comes first? If a book has all three opening sections, then the foreword is first, the preface follows, and third comes the introduction.
Oh, and my project? All that content ended up in an introduction, not a preface or foreword.
Hyphen or No Hyphen?
To hyphenate or not to hyphenate ...
The other day, I sent back an edited manuscript to a client, and she had a reasonable question. Why did the phrase "search and rescue" have hyphens in some places and not in others?
The answer came down to parts of speech. What part of speech the phrase was in a particular sentence determined whether it took hyphens. If "search and rescue" is a noun—such as "I work in search and rescue" or "I do search and rescue," then the phrase does not need a hyphen. However, if the phrase is a compound adjective that describes a noun, such as "a search-and-rescue dog" or "a search-and-rescue mission," then the phrase takes hyphens.
So the same words in a manuscript sometimes need hyphens and sometimes do not. When a compound adjective appears before a noun, then hyphens help readers to see that the words make up a single unit to describe the noun. For instance, in this sentence—"I have a washer-and-dryer unit in my apartment"—it's clear that the writer is referring to one appliance; without the hyphens, the meaning is unclear. In the sentence, "I have a washer and dryer unit in my apartment," it's possible that there are two appliances: a washer and a dryer unit (whatever that is). Also, if "washer and dryer" are nouns in the sentence, such as "the stacked unit combines a washer and dryer," then no hyphens are needed since the meaning is clear.
Here are other examples of phrases that will take hyphens when used as compound adjectives but will not when they appear in the sentence as nouns:
When deciding whether to add hyphens, look at the phrase. What part of speech is it in the sentence? If the words are nouns, then they likely do not need a hyphen between them. If they are adjectives and make up a single unit that describes a noun, then add the hyphens.
The Ampersand
This elegant symbol was originally a combination of the letters e and t in et, the Latin word for and. The first appearance we know about was in Pompeii, when an unknown graffitist in a hurry scrawled it on a wall circa 79 A.D.
Although the symbol goes back nearly two thousand years, its name is a relative newcomer. Scholars believe the name ampersand originated in the nineteenth century, when the symbol & was included as the last letter of the alphabet. When children recited the alphabet aloud, they prefaced A, I, and & with per se, which meant by itself, because when spoken aloud, A, I, and & create separate words. The children's recitation sounded like this: "Y, Z, and per se and." Over time, those words slurred together as ampersand.
The ampersand has a few specialized uses:
It may appear as part of a name in law firms, companies, and other organizations (e.g., Johnson & Johnson). The ampersand is a legal part of the name and cannot be replaced with and.
An ampersand may be part of the accepted spelling of an acronym, such as R & D, R & R, or B & B.
In a tweet, you can use the ampersand instead of and because you are limited to 140 characters. Normally, though, do not substitute & for and in other writing; it reads as informal and sloppy.
In parenthetical academic citations in the text, as called for in MLA or APA style, use an ampersand when citing from a work with two or more authors (e.g., Smith & Jones).
Credits for a screenplay may include ampersands. According to the Writers Guild of America, an ampersand joins two writers' names when they worked as a team on a screenplay. If the writers' names are linked by and, then they worked separately on the project.
Remember, the ampersand is a specialist. Even though it means and, the word and symbol are not interchangeable.
When to Use Italics
When I went to college (back in the Dark Ages), we typed our papers on typewriters. We underlined composition titles because typewriters didn't come with a separate italic typeface. How times have changed—now we all need to know when to use italics.
Titles of works often appear in italics. A general rule is that longer works (or those made up of smaller parts) take italics. Shorter works, such as poems and songs, go within quotation marks. However, how you designate composition titles really depends on your style guide. For example, in The Chicago Manual of Style, the title of a television show would be in italics, while episode titles would take quotation marks. In contrast, the Associated Press Stylebook calls for both to be in quotation marks.
The names of ships and rockets are italicized, but car makes and models are not. Example: Apollo 7 and USS Zumwalt but Ford Mustang.
When referring to a particular word as itself, use italics. Example: I never remember how to spell eccentricity. Individual letters follow the same rule. Example: When Ella was a toddler, she had trouble pronouncing her l's. Words that take the place of sounds should appear in italics as well. Example: The dog's ha-ruff bark was more like a deep cough.
Foreign words , such as abuela or kohlrouladen, are often italicized, but there are exceptions. A general rule is to look up the word in Merriam-Webster. If it has an entry, then you don't need italics.
Italics also emphasize a word or part of a word in a sentence. Don't overdo italics for emphasis—too many italicized words can become annoying to the reader. Examples: I don't care OR Puh-lease, as if I'd ever wear that outfit.
Remembering these simple tips will help you use italics correctly.
Subject-verb agreement is one of the first things we learn when writing. The subject and verb in a sentence agree if they are both the same type. Singular subjects require singular verbs, and plural subjects require plural verbs. For example, "Tammy plays on the beach" is correct, but "Tammy play on the beach" isn't. Easy, right?
Not always. Sometimes the components of the sentence make it harder to determine agreement.
The first challenge is when an intervening phrase comes between the subject and verb. If the subject is singular, but the intervening phrase is plural, then use a singular verb. Use a plural verb when the subject is plural and the intervening phrase is singular. Always match the verb to the subject. Example: The test on dividing fractions was hard OR Predictions about which horse will win the race are often wrong.
Indefinite pronouns used as the subject can also confuse subject-verb agreement. The table below lists which indefinite pronouns are singular and which are plural.
Whether the words in the third column are singular or plural depends on the particular sentence. If the indefinite pronoun refers to a singular word, then it takes a singular verb. If the pronoun refers to a plural word, then the verb is plural. Examples: Most of the workout was easy BUT Most of the exercises were easy.
Collective nouns can also be a challenge. A collective noun names a group. Some common collective nouns are army, audience, council, crowd, and staff. When a collective noun is the subject, it takes a singular verb if the sentence refers to the group as a whole. Example: The staff is located on the third floor.
A collective noun takes a plural verb when referring to individuals members of the group. Example: The staff have decided to paint their offices.
In the past, when the word data was used as a subject, it took a plural verb. However, usage has evolved, and now data is treated as a collective noun. Example: The data is compelling.
Compound subjects can be tricky as well. When subjects (whether singular or plural) are joined by the word and, they take a plural verb, as in "Anna and Lucy are friends." If the subjects are both singular and joined by or or nor, then they take a singular verb, as in "neither the teacher nor the assistant was late." If one subject is singular and the other plural, then the verb agrees with the subject closest to it. Example: Either the cat or the dogs are responsible for the damage.
Amounts can also trip people up. If the amount is considered one unit, then the verb is singular, as in "two years is a long time to be away." Otherwise, amounts take plural verbs. Example: "Three days are left in the month."
Composition titles and the names of countries may complicate subject-verb agreement. Even when the names of works and countries are plural (such as The Final Days or the Netherlands), they take a singular verb because they refer to a single unit. Examples: The Grapes of Wrath is a compelling book AND The United States was represented at the conference.
Although the rules of subject-verb agreement are complex, remember these guidelines, and all your sentences will be in perfect agreement.
Hyphens and Compound Modifiers
Hyphens join two or more words together to create a single idea. Often, those compound words are modifiers that describe a noun.
Ideally, a hyphen eliminates ambiguity. For example, "re-cover" has a very different meaning than "recover." The phrase "working class parents" is open to interpretation. (Are the parents working class, or are they class parents who are working?) Add the hyphen, and the meaning of "working-class parents" is clear.
Not every compound word needs a hyphen. How do you decide to add one? There are four guidelines to remember.
The trend is to eliminate hyphens when possible. As an earlier Rose's Red Pen noted, the longer a compound word is in use, the more likely it is to lose its hyphen.
If a compound modifier comes before the noun, it's generally hyphenated to avoid confusion. Examples: man-eating ant vs. man eating ant
The exceptions are adverbs ending in "ly" and the word "very."
Examples: quickly memorized poem vs. easy-to-remember poem or very good dessert vs. mouth-watering dessert
When a compound modifier comes after a noun, it is almost never hyphenated.
Example: less-appreciated music vs. the music was less appreciated.
Of course, there are exceptions. When the compound modifier follows a form of the verb "to be," it is sometimes hyphenated to avoid misinterpretation. Example: Her statement was thought provoking. Did it provoke thought, or did people think it was provoking? The hyphen in "thought-provoking" clarifies the meaning. Other examples include: "The closet is pitch-dark" and "all the available jobs are full-time."
Sometimes a hyphen breaks up double vowels or triple consonants, as in the examples "anti-intellectual" or "shell-like." The trend is to eliminate those hyphens when possible, as in "reeducate" or "reestablishment."
What to do when there are few hard-and-fast rules? Find a good dictionary and look the word up. Some style guides, such as The Chicago Manual of Style, have charts that show the spelling of common compound modifiers. If you're still in doubt, look for ambiguity. Is the meaning clear without the hyphen?
To handle hyphens in compound modifiers, keep the four guidelines in mind, find a good reference, and evaluate the sentence for clarity.
Capitalization in Titles of Work
The last post in Rose's Red Pen explored how to set off the titles of work from the surrounding text by using either italics or quotation marks. This week's post looks at how the Associated Press Stylebook and The Chicago Manual of Style each handle capitalization in the titles of works.
The table below summarizes the rules in both style guides. As usual, AP Style has relatively few rules, while The Chicago Manual of Style goes into much more detail.
In capitalization, the key is consistency. Pick a style guide and follow the rules for each and every title of a work.
Handling Titles of Works
My mother's favorite book is "Pride and Prejudice."
Does that book title look funny to you? Your answer may depend on which style guide you use. I'm a fan of The Chicago Manual of Style, so the quotation marks appear odd to me. In that style guide, book titles are italicized. On the other hand, in the Associated Press Stylebook, quotation marks are correct.
In The Chicago Manual of Style, a shorter work (such as a song, poem, or short story) generally appears in quotation marks, while longer works have italics. In AP style, nearly every type of composition uses quotation marks.
The table below shows how to handle different kinds of composition titles in Chicago and AP styles.
Pride and Prejudice will always look better to me than "Pride and Prejudice," but at least by referring to the table, I'll know the quotation marks aren't necessarily wrong.


Ryerson's men's basketball team carried their perfect OUA record into 2017 with an 88-64 victory over the Lakehead Thunderwolves on Friday night at the Mattamy Athletic Centre.
Adika Peter-McNeilly led the way with a game-high 20 points as the Rams capitalized on a strong second half to improve to 8-0 on the season and extend their lead in the OUA East. The Thunderwolves, now 2-6, should have been an easy opponent for the Rams, but it took some time for them to find their rhythm in their first game back from the winter holidays, making less than 37 per cent of their field goal attempts (14-38).
Turnovers were the key to Ryerson's success in the second half as the Rams scored 28 points off of 24 Thunderwolves turnovers. After edging out a 34-33 lead heading into halftime, the Rams outscored the Thunderwolves 54-31 in the second half.
Even though both teams only finished with four fastbreak points, the Rams and Thunderwolves tried to push the ball up the floor for easy baskets in transition. Both teams struggled to finish at the rim, but Ryerson made more than 51 per cent of its field goal attempts in the second half (19-37), including five of nine three-point attempts.
UP NEXT: The Rams aim for their ninth win in as many games when they face the Guelph Gryphons at the Mattamy Athletic Centre on Jan. 7 at 8 p.m.


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Johns Hopkins University official policies and procedures are designed to provide managerial and supervisory staff with uniform knowledge to assure equitable and consistent application of university guidelines. They are intended, also, to provide a consistent resource for all staff members employed by the university.
It is the responsibility of each manager and supervisor to administer these policies consistently and impartially. The KSAS Human Resources staff will assist you in the interpretation and application of university policies.
University Policies and Statements Website
Official Johns Hopklins University policies, Krieger School policies and procedures, and others can be found on the University Policies and Statements website.
JHU Personnel Policy Manual
The JHU Personnel Policy Manual includes policies and procedures relating to employment, compensation, work standards, work hours, leave time, and other personnel benefits, as well as other general policies.
KSAS Policy on Professional Misconduct
The Policy on Professional Misconduct provides a fair and orderly means of handling allegations of professional misconduct raised against members of the faculty and senior administrative staff of the Krieger School of Arts and Sciences.
Also in Human Resources


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SPONSOR AN EMU
Dromaius novaehollandiae
The emu is the second-largest living bird by height. Emus belong to a group of flightless running birds known as ratites. It is endemic to Australia where it is the largest native bird and the only extant member of the genus Dromaius. The emu's range covers most of mainland Australia.
Emus are soft-feathered, brown, flightless birds with long necks and legs, and can reach up to 6.2 ft in height. Emus can travel great distances, and when necessary can sprint at 31 mph. They are omnivores and forage for a variety of plants depending on the season, springtime brings insects and fruit. Emus have also been known to go for weeks without eating and will drink infrequently, but take in copious amounts of water when the opportunity arises.
The emu has a pouch in its throat that is part of the bird's windpipe and is used for communication. When the pouch is inflated, the emu can make deep booming, drumming, and grunting sounds. These calls are usually made during courtship and the breeding season, heard up to 1.2 miles (2 kilometers) away! A hiss, described by one of our animal trainers as bloodcurdling, is effective at warning off dingoes.
Emus are native and inhabit the drylands of Australia.
HABITAT -They most commonly inhabit areas of savannah woodland and forest in less heavily populated districts.
DIET -Emus are omnivorous, eating fruits, seeds, shoots, plants and insects.
FUN FACT -Emus swallow small stones, called gastroliths, which stay in the gizzard and help grind up food.
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR -They are generally docile, occasionally fighting amongst themselves. They can also be considered curious.
PREDATORS -Predators include the dingo, wedge-tailed eagle, and goanna.
SIZE -Length averages 5.7 ft, weighing between 79 - 88 lbs.
RELATIVES -Relatives include other flightless birds of the ratite family, such as the ostrich and rhea.
CONSERVATION -Emus are categorized as LC (Least Concern) species by the IUCN.
Housing - Our emus thrive in open pasture environments, with lush green fields for grazing. The pastures are enclosed with fencing to keep predators out, and provide a covered area to take shelter in extreme weather. We provide automatic water dispensers that always keep fresh water. The back of their pasture has a strip of trees which they use to make nests and lay eggs.
Diet - They are fed a mixture of game bird finisher and cracked corn to make sure they get all the necessary nutrients and vitamins. They also have access to a Nelson water bowl, which constantly provides them with fresh water.
Enrichment - Living in a multi-species enclosure gives our emus lots of enrichment through daily interactions. We also will occasionally scatter feed, which prolongs eating time by making them seek out their food instead of just having it in one location.


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