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#WGIHW tracker
by Martin Merk|11 OCT 2018
Girls learn ice hockey during the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event in Berlin.
photo: Eisbaren Berlin / DEB
During the 2018 World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend we follow what's happening in the 42 countries that take part in the weekend-long campaign to bring more women and girls into ice hockey and try out the coolest sport on earth.
Click here for a full list with all events. For more action, follow us on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter and use the hashtag #WGIHW when posting about the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend. Organizers can send the Reporting Form and photos to [email protected] as soon as the event is over.
Click here or scroll down for the photo gallery.
Mark your calendar: The dates for the next World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend are 5-6 October 2019.
Argentina organized a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend this year that took place on Sunday morning in the capital of Buenos Aires.
The event took place at Polarcity, which calls itself the largest indoor ice rink complex in South America.
No less than 120 participants were on the ice when the Hungarian Ice Hockey Federation organized its World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in the capital of Budapest at the Tuskesator ice rink including 15 national team players, 15 women's hockey coaches and 10 volunteers who helped the newcomers.
The participants were split into six groups with six different colours and had the chance to first take some photos on the ice and with the national team players. Three teams started with fun games outside while three teams started on the ice. After two hours the ice was open for everybody and friends and family could join the girls on the ice. In the afternoon the girls were able to watch the Elite Women's Hockey League game between KMH Budapest and Olimpija Ljubljana.
"Everybody really enjoyed the weekend. The jerseys were really nice so parents even wanted to buy more for their kids in a different colour. The Newcomer got the chance to try out the sport and we hope they'll go to club trainings. Those who already played got even more motivated and the wider community heard about women's hockey," said event manager Boldizsar Vegh. A national sports channel and other media were present and did interviews with the national team players and Hungarian IIHF Council member Zsuzsanna Kolbenheyer.
Romania: Brasov
ASC Corona 2010 organized the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend during two days at the Olympic Ice Rink in Brasov with participants from 3 to 16-year-olds. On both days it started at noon and the girls were joined by the club's mascot Wolfie, a wolf.
The kids had fun while working on their hockey skills and the parents enjoyed the time spent at the ice rink with their children during this special weekend.
"The impact had a good meaning both for the girls and for the parents, some of them even registered in our club to take ice hockey lessons in our initiation class. Everyone understood the importance of sport in their lives and the fun in doing sport on the ice," said Alexandra Sampetru of Corona Brasov.
Turkey: Ankara/Erzurum/Istanbul
Four World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend events were held in Turkey including three organized by the Turkish Ice Hockey Federation. About 50 participants from 8 to 18 years came to the three venues, the Umitkoy ice rink in Ankara, the 3000'Lik ice rink in Erzurum and the Silivrikapi ice rink in Istanbul, usually joined by parents and friends on the tribune.
The coaches helped the young participants to get ready with the equipment and the special World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend jerseys. They played some games and funny activities like catch the puck, sharks game and other fun games on the ice and in the end got a certificate.
"They were really happy. After the ice session the parents took some photos with their children and coaches," said Sport Director Alkan Kilinc. "This event really important for women hockey and to raise awareness. The participants now believe that they can do this sport and have fun."
Romania: Otopeni (Steaua)
In the Bucharest region a bit outside in Otopeni even two clubs from the capital city organized a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend. On Sunday afternoon it was the Steaua Rangers' turn with 20 girls between 8 and 15 years of age.
"The girls have enjoyed more than 2 hours of fun on and off the ice. The parents were delighted that this year there were more girls than last year," said club president Valentin Dragomir. "The female ice hockey weekend has a positive impact as it brings together more and more ice hockey girls in Romania as well."
That they liked the event was also very visible in the photos they did (more in the gallery) including this one where they formed a star on the ice, formed by the future stars of Romanian women's ice hockey.
Serbia: Novi Sad
Although Serbia does not play in the Women's World Championship program yet, the Serbian Ice Hockey Association is working on getting more female players involved also by taking part in the annual World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend. This year's event took part in the north in Novi Sad and was a success. 53 girls from 6 to 18 years old were joined by 11 coaches for a 75-minute ice session with a demo practice. After a break they had another 75 minutes of ice time for small-area games, relay races and other fun activities before eating pizza together.
"Everybody was very happy about event and meeting all the girls from Serbia on one place. It's a different approach of practice and they realized the number of female players in Serbia and met new friends. The parents loved the opportunity to see their girls skating and having fun with only girls on ice, giving them even more motivation to continue to play this sport in Serbia," said Uros Brestovac. Internet media and a local TV station helped making the event known and bringing more girls to the hockey clubs.
"Every moment spent with these amazing 53 girls and their coaches was fantastic and inspiring to keep up with the positive attitude and hope for better tomorrow for female hockey in Serbia. It was great to see the youngest group (age 6 to 8) and how skilled they are, how they listen and work hard on ice, and how they spent fun time off ice with oldest group of girls (age 12 to 18), how they all get together along and smile and play."
Latvia: Marupe
The women's hockey team L&L organized the second day of the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in Marupe.
What was special here: In the photo below you can see three generations of ice hockey players as three-and-a-half-year-old Mikela is joined by her mother and grandmother on the ice!
22 girls who haven't played ice hockey on a regular basis before were joined by nine players and two coaches of the club. Of the new players, nine have shown interest to join practices of the club.
Norway: Kristiansund
Arena Nordvest in Kristiansund was the setup of another World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in Norway hosted by Braatt Hockey. Since the organized ice sports in Braatt is only are a month old, they got more coaches and focused on getting the girls on the ice, on learning to skate and have fun. 70 girls were on the ice who were between 5 to 10 years old. Arena Nordvest is the first ice rink with a roof in Møre og Romsdal in Norway which opened last winter.
"The girls had a really fun day and everyone seemed to leave the ice with a smile. Some parents replied and where very happy about the event. The club was happy, the owner of the arena was more than happy and all in all people where very happy about the event," said Silje Hagen of Braatt Hockey.
"As a small city in Norway with the first ice arena between Trondheim and Bergen, we are very proud of being able to attract 70 girls to the event and were only beaten by Stavanger in terms of numbers. It gives us good motivation to continue our work to get ice hockey bigger in Kristiansund and include more girls.
"I think the event had a really got impact for the club, since as a new hockey organization we where able to show us even more for the girls as well. I think more girls are willing to start on ice activities. We already have some new girls who want to try hockey, so its very good for the club."
Indonesia: Bintaro Jaya
The Indonesia Ice Hockey Federation (FHEI) is one of the newest IIHF member national associations and also this year organized a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend this year at the Bintaro Jaya Xchange Ice Skating Rink in a shopping mall in Bintaro Jaya outside of the capital of Jakarta. 15 young players of the women's national team were joined by 15 newcomers skating experience who were between 12 and 16 years old. After a women's hockey game on Saturday morning the participants were introduced to ice hockey in Indonesia before having an hour on the ice to have some fun games and 3-on-3 small-area games.
"The participants and parents were very excited with World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event and they hope that we will hold more similar events, then ice hockey will become increasingly known in Indonesia," said General Secretary Wiwin Darmawan Salim. "It makes our rink community well known by other parties that we are considering to develop ice hockey for girls."
Hong Kong has been organizing a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend for many years, and annually it draws many people to the Mega Ice rink in a shopping mall at Kowloon Bay. 50 participants came with the youngest four years old and the oldest 40.
The one-hour ice time was on Saturday evening at 20:45 and a couple of more participants joined spontaneously as they saw the posters around the rink. While some knew ice hockey or ice skating, some were at the rink for the first time. Therefore the participants were split into two groups.
"The Participants enjoyed the event and were happy to have a chance to try skating. The parents are thankful to this event as it allows them know whether their kids were interested in ice hockey. Some parents inquired for ice hockey beginner program for their kids. We are happy to see this positive outcome of this event," said Ching Man Anita Chan, Sports Executive at the Hong Kong Ice Hockey Association.
"The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend Event do have a significant impact as it can attract more new female players. As ice hockey in Hong Kong is an expensive sport compared to other sports activities, some girls do hesitate before making decision to play ice hockey. And through this event, it can help these girls to ascertain their choice."
The Grand West Arena in Cape Town where South Africa will again host IIHF tournaments this year was the place of one of the country's World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend events. Organized by the Western Province Ice Hockey Association and the Griffins team, 16 women between the ages of 15 and 35 years tried ice hockey on Sunday morning.
After starting with skating, the Griffins players took care of introducing ice hockey in a fun way and were later included in an exhibition game with the players.
"We are hoping that events like this will draw ladies to hockey," said women's hockey manager Gillian Swart. "The Griffins team in Cape Town spread the word of breast cancer awareness and play in pink for the cause, thus showing that community is important and all lives matter."
Korea: Seoul
The Korea Ice Hockey Association enters the first year after the Olympic Winter Games on home ice with the new U18 women's national team that will have its IIHF debut in the upcoming winter. Several of the players have gone through previous World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend editions and this year 14 girls came together for the event.
"The players prepared for the off-ice practice. On the ice, they took group photos at the beginning and started to play games and group practice," event director Hyuk Jae Lee said. They enjoyed the ice session and the skill games.
For the participants it was a starting point in preparing for the 2019 IIHF Ice Hockey U18 Women's World Championship Division I Group B Qualification. "Dream big" and "You can do it" were the main slogans of this event this year.
USA: Pittsburgh PA
The Arctic Fox U12 hockey team organized a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event in Pittsburgh with 32 female players from 4-16 years of age joined by players from the U12 and U19 teams.
Some of them learned skting for the first time while others started straight with the puck before playing some fun games on ice.
It was a great event not only to introduce new potential players to girls' hockey but also to show the U12 team how to help each other and share the passion for the sport.
In the end they had a pizza party including candy bracelets and former U.S. national team goalie Brianna McLaughlin talking about hockey with her Olympic medals on-site.
Czech Republic: Blansko & Pribram
In the Czech Republic two World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend events were organized in Pribram (Bohemia) and Blansko (Moravia) to cover a big part of the country with 90 girls from 6 to 15 years who came.
The parents were given the information about the activities in girls' hockey, development, national teams, future possibilities for the girls while those went on the ice for four hours with fun exercises, a min hockey tournament and some fun games like racing with parachutes or speed measurements.
In Pribram it was organized with the U16 national team and the ten most skilled players joined the U16 team for a game. Petr Novak, head coach of the women's senior national team was on-site in Blansko. In the end the girls got small presents such as pink backpacks, pink pucks and sweets.
In the Czech Republic there are three events per year in this format, some of the girls come at every event.
"The parents are also very glad that we exhaust the girls every time because they are searching the action and enjoyment for their girls in this age. And it's much better to spend all day at the stadium playing with other girls than in front of the computers and mobile phones. The parents don't hesitate to drive hundreds of kilometers to these events, which is great," said Martin Voltr, who covered the weekend for hokej.cz.
Some of the coaches involved in the event used their experiences learned at the 2018 IIHF Women's High-Performance Camp in summer including coaches Martin Cimrman, Klara Mazankova and fitness coach Daniel Skalicky.
photo: Karel Svec
Switzerland: Kreuzlingen
EHC Kreuzlingen-Konstanz organized one of the two World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend events in Switzerland at Bodensee Arena in Kreuzlingen at Lake Constance joined by 15 girls from 4- to 10-year-olds.
After learning about the possibilities, after that it was time to go onto the ice and have fun. "They were really happy and had fun. The parents liked this event," said Andrea Kroni, youth manager. A newspaper journalist was on-site to report and the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation made the video below:
2018 World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in Kreuzlingen (SUI)
SUI 09 OCT 2018
Norway: Haugesund
The Haugesund Ice Hockey Club hosted another World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event in Norway with 35 girls coming and seven instructors. Most of the girls were new to the club and between 5 and 11 years old.
The kids and parents learned why hockey is a great activity and had 75 minutes on ice with the instructors in groups of three different levels that ended with dancing to the banana song and many happy faces.
"They really loved skating and being on ice, and many of them said they will come back next week. The parents also gave positive feedback – it really was girls playing hockey demystified. The club members who were present said that the event was successful. The local newspaper was also present, the journalist interviewed some of the girls participating at the event, both first-timers and our younger hockey girls and the coach," said Linda Bruaas, board member of the club.
"I hope that events like this will get us many more girls on ice also in the long run. We need more girls playing hockey. But many parents are initially wary regarding their girls playing hockey – so we need events like this to show them that hockey is a fun and safe activity also for girls."
Switzerland: Kloten
Long-time Swiss national team goalie Florence Schelling, who retired recently but will stay involved as assistant coach of the U18 women's national team, organized a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event also this year in Kloten outside of Zurich. With 60 girls between 5 and 12 years of age she was working on the future of Swiss ice hockey.
The check-in at Swiss Arena was on Sunday morning at 10:00 before the girls were split into two groups. While the beginners started on the ice, the advanced group had first an off-ice workout before switching sides and doing a group photo. Schelling and some of her national team colleagues led the practices and signed autographs after practice.
"The reaction is great, the girls really enjoy this day. It's a lot of smiles and laughter all around. The parents are very thankful that I am organizing such a day and giving girls such a platform. The newspaper Zürcher Unterländer even came by to interview the girls and the coaches so that they can write a story about this day," Schelling said and hopes the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend will have a positive impact in her country. "However, there is still a long way to go in Switzerland."
photo: Bebie Photography
Latvia: Tukums
Three events took place in Latvia and the one hosted by the Latvian Hockey Federation was organized in Tukums west of Riga with 25 participants from 5 to 27 years of age. After skating and hockey skills exercises a 3-on-3 mini tournament was organized in two age groups. Afterwards the participants and their parents were informed about the opportunities and latest developments of girls' ice hockey in Latvia and the girls received a commemorative medal.
"The parents expressed their appreciation for the opportunity to spend their family time in a positive and exciting atmosphere. They also pointed out that this event contributed to the understanding that ice hockey is safe and suitable for everyone," said Inara Zvidre, responsible for girls' hockey development at the LHF. "The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend is a good opportunity for clubs and communities to introduce girls' hockey to the society and step by step make it more popular in the country."
USA: Livermore CA
Tri-Valley Lady Blue Devils celebrated the World Girls' Ice Hockey City in Livermore in Northern California with over 50 girls of ages from 2 to 16 years old. The participants included existing Lady Blue Devils players, girls from other teams, and girls new to hockey. Hosting it the second year, it was made open to the public this year.
"The participants included Lady Blue Devils players, their siblings, friends and all girls from all around the area who wanted to come see what the sport of hockey is all about and why our girls love hockey so much. The ice rink was decorated with posters made by our players, photographs of hockey action shots and girls having fun at practices," said Olha Markova, PR and Communications for the Tri-Valley Minor Hockey Association. It was a great event to celebrate the five-year anniversary of the girls' team and participants used the photo booth for fun pictures to keep the great memories of this day.
"Everyone and especially girls loved this event. Everyone had so much fun at this event. The younger girls loved that they got to skate with the older girls. Girls who just started our program that morning came to the event and met their future teammates and made them love the game even more," Markova said.
"I think this event brought a lot of awareness for our program and girls' hockey in our area. A lot of families brought friends who were a little interested in playing hockey, and now they are fully interested. Many families came and asked for information on how to become a Lady Blue Devil. This is definitely an event that will help our program continue to grow."
Norway: Trondheim
Norway has hosted no less than 15 World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend events this year, fifth-most in the world, and one of them was organized by the Astor Ishockey Club at Dalgard Ishall in Trondheim with the help from the Wing women's team and another club, Leangen.
The participants were split into beginners and advanced players, who worked on power skating exercises and played a game while the beginners got familiar with the ice and ice hockey. Later the girls and their parents were invited to the café where there were more activities.
"We had several girls that have tried skating and ice hockey before but given up quickly, partly because it has usually been crowded with both boys and girls. Now they enjoyed being given some more space and attention," said Karolina Storesund, board member of the club. "I think the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend is a good opportunity to show that increasing girl's hockey is a goal on both an international and national level."
Italy: Alleghe
For all the years Italy has been a big white area on the map of countries that host the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend and had to look jealous at others. Not this year, long-time national team player Linda De Rocco thought, and hosted Italy's first WGIHW making it 42 countries this year!
"We had a lot of fun with the girls. We don't have so many events just for girls. It was a pity we haven't had any event like this before in Italy, so we decided to do this for the first time. There are so many countries, even small islands doing it. We said: 'Let's try!" We are really proud," said former Olympian Linda De Rocco.
"We are a really small town in Italy, so to host such kind of events is really good. We were the first team that made it despite being a small mountain village."
Check out our featured story from Alleghe.
Ukraine: Dnipro
The Dnipro Squirrels organized one of the two World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend events in the Ukrainian city at the recreational rink in the Most-Centre mall with 56 participants. There were 18 kids, boys and girls, under 12, then two girls-only groups (13-15, 15-18) with 19 participants and two women's groups with another 19 participants. Some mothers who brought their girls spontaneously joined the action on the ice too.
The guests started arriving at the mall after 14:00 to register and meet the players. Then they received their rental skates and sticks. The club's players showed the participants in different groups the basic skating techniques while at the other end participants could shoot on the net.
After the classes three teams were formed among the participants to play games and then they received gifts and diplomas.
"We had a local TV channel making a report about the event. That was quite nice, helped to create an atmosphere of a professional and official event. After the end of the event some participants and parents asked when and where the kids' teams train. Many people said "Thank you" with big smiles. That was very pleasant thing to know, that people liked and enjoyed our World Girls' Ice Hockey Day," said the club's President Maryna Borysenko.
"We hope this event will help us to recruit more young talented female players to our team. We also believe it will help to spread information about our club and a hockey as a game for women, not for men only, as it usually considered in our society. We are sure that such events help our nation choose to live a healthier lifestyle. We, as current hockey players, promote by ourselves the beauty of the game of ice hockey, a fashion to be an athlete and a passion of doing something as a team. Those values are ours and we believe such event helps to share them in local city community."
Ukraine: Kyiv
The women's committee of Ice Hockey Federation of Ukraine organized for the third straight year an event for girls – try real hockey for free! The arena was open for girls from 10:00 to 18:00 for various activities in and around the rink.
Beside fun activities and classes, there were also two games between boys' and girls' teams.
An under-14 girls' team was composed of players from different youth sports hockey schools of Ukraine from the cities of Kyiv, Kharkiv and Bila Tserkva. The boys team of the Kryzhynka sports school had a narrow victory, 5-4.
They played a second game against the boys of the Sokol sports' school from Kyiv but got tired in their second game and lost 11-1. But the girls were not upset. They received unforgettable emotions to be in one team and would love to have such an event again.
Some of the girls have started to play ice hockey thanks to the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in the past two years.
"Our real treasure is Daria, 10 years old. She started to skate only one year ago at the same event in Kyiv last year. After the WGIHW in 2017 she started to practise with the boys' team as forward. In one month of practices she made the decision to try herself as a goalie. Now she is pretty good goalie in the Ukrainian multi-regional kids league (43 teams, 550 participants in 2018/2019 season) for kids born in 2007 and 2008. She's the only girl on the boys' team," said Alexandra Slatvytska of the Ice Hockey Federation of Ukraine.
The event was attended by the Minister of Youth and Sport, Igor Zhdanov, and his deputy, Mykola Danevych, who held welcome speeches and wished the girls good luck.
The girls participated in a new activity. Take a mandarin and write you wish, then put it on the tree. There's a legend that if the mandarin is on the tree, your wish will come true soon. Good luck to all participants!
Iceland: Reykjavik
The Reykjavik Hockey Club hosted 15 participants at the Laugardalur Ice Rink with female players ranging from 4 to 35-years-old. Players from the senior women's team welcomed the participants for an hour-long session, played games and had fun on ice. Later the participants were given hot chocolate and kleinur, an Icelandic sort of donuts.
Bjarni Helgason, board member of the club, was happy about the outcome. "We got very positive feedback. Next year we need to advertise sooner to get more girls to try out hockey," he said. "All special girls' events are very important for our club since we have very few female players."
Norway: Sarpsborg
18 girls, most of whom had never visited the rink before and were 4-10 years old, came to the Sparta Amfi in Sarpsborg in Norway. The local women's team helped them get dressed while the parents had a cup of coffee and talked with the organizers about skating, hockey and the club, Sparta Sarpsborg.
The girls were on the ice for 50 minutes with many fun games and in the end got to shoot pucks on the team's goalie. Later in the locker room they had more fun, got invitations to games and to participate in the hockey school.
"We had a lot of positive reactions, mostly from mothers of girls who almost never tried skating before. The parents said this was a very good initiative, they told us that their girl had a blast today and some said they will be back for our hockey school!" a happy team manager Jenny Karlstad-Solberg said.
While the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend is a global event, it's the hard work and commitment of families supporting minor hockey associations that make it succeed locally.
Check out our featured story with Shannon Cleary from Girls Hockey Calgary.
Mexico: Mexico City
It can be almost as much fun to organize a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend celebration as it is to actually participate. Just ask Bertha Gonzalez, who helped to set up a Saturday evening event in the capital city of Mexico.
"The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend for me was fabulous!" Gonzalez raved. "It makes you fall in love even more with hockey. To see a lot of young girls enjoying the game, it just gives you more energy to keep working on it."
Forty youngsters, mostly between the ages of six and 17, laced up their skates at the Ice Station Buenavista in a Mexico City mall. They enjoyed learning from 10 women's national team members. Each girl got a name tag, and then the ice was divvied up with five stations, featuring fun drills to instill the basics of hockey during an hour-long session.
What are the long-term targets in this emerging women's hockey nation?
"It's about getting more girls into ice hockey and ending the idea of hockey in Mexico as a sport just for boys," Gonzalez said. "We want to show the girls and especially their parents that girls can play too. Also, this helped both the coaches and players who organized the event, not only to share their passion for the sport, but also to get some knowledge about recruiting new players. It's not just about one weekend. It has to be all the time, to help the girls' game grow."
Slovakia: Liptovsky Mikulas
In the Slovak town of Liptovsky Mikulas the Winner sports/relaxation centre organized a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend on synthetic ice also with the help of a skatemill to simulate ice skating. The girls could learn some basics with moving and shooting the puck and in the end received gifts.
"Everyone enjoyed the event a lot. People said they would love to see a girls' hockey team be created in Liptovsky Mikulas. That way the girls could meet regularly," said Martina Staronova from the centre. "We will definitely do our best to have the opportunity to meet these girls regularly, have fun and enjoy hockey together. Because hockey is for girls too!"
Lithuania: Kaunas
"As myliu ledo rituli" or in English: I love ice hockey! Under this slogan Hockey Lietuva organized three girls' recruitment events in Lithuania. After Klaipeda and Vilnius it was Kaunas' turn on Sunday as part of the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend. In the country's second-largest city, the participants got two hours of ice time filled with skating lessons, throws to the net, hockey with a small football, mini hockey games and more.
"All were very happy. They got jerseys with the Hockey Lietuva and the 'as myliu ledo rituli' logos," said Egle Zemlickiene, women's hockey manager at Hockey Lietuva. "Such events are very important for Lithuanian ice hockey to make it more popular."
The lack of ice in the Republic of Ireland didn't discourage the ice hockey enthusiasts to show the game to a new generation of players. The Dundalk Warriors hosted a girls' try-out hockey session in Crossmaglen where national team player Lorna Hoey was on hand to pass down her hockey knowledge. Including to her young niece (pictured).
The newly founded women's hockey club Sirens IHC had a celebratory get-together after their second game of the season of the Cross Border Cup. The girls celebrated female hockey and their first win of the season against an all-male team with a #WIGHW cake and sweets.
The Dublin-based club Flying Ducks hosted their female event in Gormanstown.20 participants took part in a hockey skills session. Aisling Daly, a former player with the Dundalk Lady Bulls, and national team player Beatty Hosgood ran the session with a number of other volunteers. The girls participated in off-ice team games, coordination drills and mini hockey games, and also had the chance to get their faces painted.
"This is the first time Ireland has had more than one event, which will no doubt increase exposure of the female game across the island. This along with the fantastic news that we are getting an ice rink back in Ireland in the coming months can only further increase our female membership," said Sonya McEneaney, female development officier at the Irish Ice Hockey Association. "One of the younger participants was very upset when the session had ended that she cried for almost an hour because she didn't want to go home! In her words she 'had so much with all the different girls!'"
The Eastern Province Ice Hockey Association organized a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event at Baywest Ice Rink in Port Elizabeth, South Africa for the second time with 41 participants from 3-year-old Kenzie (pictured below) to women over 40. 23 participants were newcomers while 18 players were from the local team.
The session on Saturday morning covered some basic aspects of skating and passing for the beginners girls, to more advanced drills for the local ladies team members.
"The participants all had fun and we have most definitely gained a few new hockey-loving ladies , who have already indicated their intent to join our development practice on Friday evenings," said Carine van Eck of the EPIHA. "We trust that this event will have a long-term effect on the positive growth of our female members."
photo: Ryan Plakonouris
Russia: Bogorodsk
For the second year running, Russia's Women's Hockey League celebrated the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend with a range of events across several cities including this event organized by SKIF Nizhni Novgorod in Bogorodsk.
Read more about this and other events in Russia in our featured story.
Spain: Granada
Spain's only World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event took place in Granada in the southernmost area of the Spanish mainland where ice hockey is a fairly new sport.
After activities for women's hockey, the day also included a game of the Spanish top women's league on Saturday night where the Granada Grizzlies wrote history. They had a rough start in the new league where they joined as the eighth team with an 18-0 loss at Majadahonda and losing 8-0 on home ice against Txuri Urdin from Donostia – San Sebastian.
But third time was a charm during the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend. For the first time a women's hockey team from Andalusia won a game in the top league, 6-3 against CH Jaca. Czech import Martina Vondrkova had a great night with two goals and four points, Cristina Ubieto also scored twice.
Slovakia: Spisska Nova Ves
HC Osy Spisska Nova Ves was one of the hosts in Slovakia and 19 participants from 2 to 35 years of age came to the local ice rink on Sunday morning. After a welcome and learning about the opportunities in ice hockey, they had a first ice session with games such as a skating alphabet and duck shooting. After a tea break they continued with other games including throwing tennis balls at a Minion mascot.
"It's been the fourth time we have held this event, it's always been fun for us and the participants, the parents enjoyed it. Coach Barbora Kezmarska said that she loved to work with these girls as they were very responsive and diligent," said club manager Tomas Cerny and remembered the first moments of the girls when getting equipped. "We took the girls to our locker room and showed them the full hockey equipment which they could try on. The youngest of them were pretty amazed and took photos of themselves in the equipment."
Ice Hockey Victoria hosted a Come and Try on Sunday afternoon at the O'Brien Group Arena in Docklands close to Melbourne with 15 U18 players and 20 adult women. There was a waiting list as only 35 could come onto the ice and 100 people were in attendance at the rink. 40 volunteers helped them get the skates and equipment in the right size on long before the ice session before the whole group learned the basics of hockey, how to fall and get up and played games like Simon Says. Then they were split into groups to work at four stations: small-area games, cone relays, puck handling and passing. After the group photo there was a Lightning Tournament game for the experienced players to showcase the sport.
For Julie Cantrill, Women's Director of Ice Hockey Victoria, and the female players, the World Girls' Ice Hockey is a favourite of the annual calendar. "They love to be able to share their passion for the sport with others by volunteering at the event. All the participants and volunteers had a lot of fun during the ice session which was well planned and delivered by our coaching team led by Georgia Moore. Many participants said they would love to start learning to play ice hockey, so we provided them with information about how to get started. The junior girl's parents thought it was a fantastic experience for their daughters and asked when the next event was on while the spectators were amazed at how much fun the participants were having on the ice."
For the girls and their parents being able to try out ice hockey in a safe and friendly environment is exciting. The event has been growing each year in Melbourne. "Each year increasingly more girls and women attend our IIHF Come and Try in Melbourne and experience the comradery and wonderful sense of community that we have and often decide to take up the sport. The benefits of playing ice hockey are enormous for the individuals as it improves their health and well-being while the community benefits by having positive, happy and engaged women in their families, as friends or as colleagues," Cantrill said.
United Arab Emirates: Abu Dhabi
Have you ever tried tug-of-war on the ice? The women's team Abu Dhabi Storms did during the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in the United Arab Emirates.
USA: Prairie du Sac WI
2018 Olympic gold medalists Hilary Knight, Brianna Decker and Meghan Duggan are the top three women's hockey scorers in the history of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. That's just a half-hour drive from the Sauk Prairie Area Recreation Center, where the Sauk Prairie Youth Hockey Association staged its World Girls' Ice Hockey Event on Saturday.
About 20 girls between the ages of three and 12 took part. And whether they were inspired by the American women's gold medal victory in PyeongChang or just wanted to have fun, the event was a resounding success.
"Girls arrived a little before 4 pm to get fitted for equipment and take the ice with help and instruction from members of the local women's adult hockey team, the Quench Crushers," said local organizer Jeremy Gesicki, who also serves as the Girls' & Women's Section Director with the Wisconsin Amateur Hockey Association. "They stayed on the ice for approximately two hours."
The ripple effect, however, will last much longer.
"Parents appreciated the opportunity to have their daughters take the ice and try hockey," Gesicki said. "A number of first-time skaters came right off the ice to ask if they can join the local girls' team, the Sauk Monkeys. It is great to have this global event to tie into, communicating that there is a larger support structure for girls' and women's hockey."
South Africa: Centurion
The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend offers a cool experience for many South African kids as four events in four provinces were set up for Saturday and Sunday. 70 girls came to the rink in Centurion in the Gauteng province with many newcomers and a mix of kids from the well-off areas around the mall as well as schools from less privileged townships.
Read our featured story in which we have a chat with organizer Patricia Mlangeni.
Norway: Stavanger
Stavanger regularly hosts one of the biggest World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend events with 74 girls joining the event who could choose between three different levels and were between five and nine years old. They were told a bit about how it's on the ice and to never give up when they fall, got skated and helmets. After mastering walking with the skates on the rubber, it was time for the ice for the three different groups. And once the 55-minute session was over, they danced the "Cut Bananas" song at centre ice with the Stavanger Oilers mascot as in the video below.
"The girls loved it and they want to return. But it's the parents who decide. Most of them were impressed of what we do for the girls," said Ernst Falch of the Stavanger Oilers. "The event helps us to never give up recruiting girls, to involve them and get more into ice hockey."
Netherlands: Heerenveen
The Thialf ice rink in Heerenveen was a busy place as 120 participants from 9 to 40-year-old and 50 volunteers came to the event. Eight etams were formed to play a mini round-robin tournament.
"After eight years we can see that women's ice hockey is growing both by numbers and by the level. We got a big tombola with 900 prices and a big dinner together," said Jenny Goessens of IJshockey Nederland. It was a weekend-long event where 70 girls slept in a big sport hall. It was a big party but by 1am everybody was sleeping.
The Ilse Robben Talent Award after the games went to Roos Karst. She is just 13 years old and started only two years ago but already practises with the U18 women's team.
Saturday night was "Girls' Night Out" at the Copenhagen Falcons at the Ørestad Skøjtehal, the new ice rink next to the Royal Arena that was used as practice facility for the 2018 IIHF Ice Hockey World Championship. 26 girls from eight clubs between 9 and 15 years of age came to be amongst themselves on the ice.
Women's national team player Malene Frandsen and TV2 hockey reporter Jimmy Bøjgaard started the session with a discussion about women's hockey before former national team player and Falcons head coach Camilla Søgaard led the ice session together with national team player Malene Frandsen. After a dinner and group discussions a special second sessions started with an LED puck and the lights out. The evening continued with watching hockey movies before the parents picked them up at 23:00.
"Our club wants to be known for doing something extra for girls' ice hockey. This event will definitely put us top of mind in Danish girls' ice hockey," said Anders Frederik Gjesing, chairman of the Copenhagen Falcons. The 26 players, five per cent of all female players in Denmark, couldn't agree more and had a fun Saturday night.
USA: Farmington Hills MI
It's fall and Halloween is getting closer. So why not making a hockey-themed pumpkin contest when hosting the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in the U.S.? That's what the HB Hockey Club did at their event in Farmington Hills, Minnesota. And here's the result:
Netherlands: Eindhoven
IJshockey Nederland and the U18 women's national team of the Netherlands organized an event with 30 participants from 10 to 15-year-olds and 25 volunteers in Eindhoven. Different coaches and veteran players were on-site to organize a special practice for the girls with various stations, a specific goalie practice and small-area game. After the one-and-a-half hours on ice, the U18 women's national team played an exhibition game against a team from Cologne that the Dutch won 4-2.
"It was a great day for the women's hockey in the Netherlands to work with the future. We want to make girls' hockey in the Netherlands bigger and better and bring it to a higher level," said Jenny Goessens of IJshockey Nederland. "We are on the right track with the U18 women's national team and now we are working for a new dream, un under-16 women's team and more teams in the championship."
Japan: Yokohama
On Sunday afternoon the Japan Ice Hockey Federation hosted a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend session in Yokohama. 55 girls born 2003-2008 participated in the event.
The future players were greeted by their coaches and joined a talk show with Japanese Olympians. Topic: "Dreams". Later they had their warm-up, had skill lessons and played games. In the end everybody got an award certificate.
The girls visibly enjoyed being on the ice with "Smile Japan" as the women's national team is called. "I enjoyed very much to play with Smile Japan," one participant said.
Another noted: "I wish to be a Smile Japan player in the future. I will make a dream, the dream to become a target, then reality as I learned today."
"It makes a big impact to the participants and their community to have this great opportunity being with the Olympians who played at PyeongChang," said Toshi Takahashi of the Japan Ice Hockey Federation. "We shared that 42 IIHF member national associations are doing this event at the same time, that we are part of good promotion."
Playing ice hockey in Greece isn't that easy because there is no full-size ice rink in the country. But enthusiasts keep ice hockey alive at facilities of a smaller scale. During the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend the ice hockey club Flying Chicks organized an event at the Ice n' Skate rink in the Athens region.
Russia: Ufa
Russian women's hockey team Agidel Ufa organized a "master class" during the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend that was open for all interested girls. After 30 participants last year, 50 girls came onto the ice this year. To be able to be on the ice together with professional female players, some came from far away to the capital of Bashkortostan.
Mexico: Leon
There are many events in America but it doesn't stop in Canada and the U.S. Here's a story from the first World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event of Club Bandidas in Leon, Mexico. Other events in Latin America are scheduled in Mexico City and in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The ice hockey development project ICE Academy together with the women's ice hockey team L&L hosted a girls mini tournament as part of the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend, which was also attended by floorball club NND, ice hockey club Frozen and 16 newcomers, of which many played ice hockey for the first time in their lives. In total there were 42 participants at the event that took place in Marupe, a suburb close to the international airport of Riga.
"We are really happy about the courage, the responsiveness, the great interest and the elevated mood both in the dressing rooms and on ice," said Inguna Lukasevica of the Ice Academy. "We hope that this event is the beginning of a new friendship with one of the most exciting sports in the world."
Last season was a historic ice hockey season for Malaysia. The country hosted the Southeast Asia Games and built the first full-size ice rink. That meant improved results for the national teams as the players can play the game according to the rules now and also more parents and kids getting interested in the sport.
The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend was a good opportunity to capitalize on the trend and find new female players as the Malaysia Ice Hockey Federation hopes to join the IIHF Ice Hockey World Championship program with both men's and women's teams in a few years.
MIHF General Secretary Hisham Yahaya talks with us about the WGIHW and their ambitions in this featured story.
Great Britain: Nottingham
Britain's World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event was hosted under the slogan "don't delay, play today" at the National Ice Centre in Nottingham. 40 participants came for the event hosted by the Nottingham Vipers. Check out in the video what it looked like.
2018 World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in Nottingham (GBR)
GBR 07 OCT 2018
The Ice World in Acacia Ridge near Brisbane was one of several venues in Australia for the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend. It was organized by Ice Hockey Queensland with the two clubs Brisbane Goannas and Southern Stars and 36 participants from 5-year-old girls to women over 40 participated on the ice.
The participants were helped to get equipped and coaches and players of the two clubs led the one-hour ice session in four different groups depending on their abilities. The coaches rotated the groups through various stations which included passing, shooting, puck handling and an obstacle course, which produced lots of smiles and laughing from all ages.
"The feedback received was extremely positive. Everyone had lots of fun with many of the beginners showing interest in the upcoming 'Come and Try' sessions being hosted by the local clubs," said Lee Brown, women's director at Ice Hockey Queensland. They also got a schedule to watch games of the Brisbane Goannas in the Australian Women's Ice Hockey League.
"Ice hockey in Brisbane is small compared to the traditional Australian sports. By hosting events like World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend, it enables participants to have a go at something new and challenging. The event also enables old ice hockey players who may not have played for a while to come back out for a session."
But the best part were the smiles and laughter throughout the event on and off the ice in this very mixed group of participants that also included several mothers joining their daughters on the ice.
Beside the joy for the girls and women, it helps ice hockey grow in the Brisbane area. "I have been involved with the event for three years and now I see girls who came to the event years ago and are now playing for a club," Brown said.
One of the long-standing organizers of World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend events in Asia is Singapore where this year's edition took place on Saturday at The Rink at Jcube. National team players were on-site to help the young newcomers.
USA: Colorado Springs
In the hockey world, Colorado Springs is best-known for USA Hockey's headquarters. While 2018 has been a big year for the elite American women with Olympic and U18 gold medals, the Colorado Springs Tigers Amateur Hockey Association also hosted a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event on Saturday. Nineteen young girls came out to have fun and chase their dreams at World Arena.
"The main activity was cross-ice games for 10U and 8U girls – a free and fun event that was publicized via email and social media," said Marsha Fortney, the social media and marketing manager of Colorado Springs Tigers Girls Hockey. "A lot of girls came early to watch our 12U girls team take on Colorado Select – both teams are in the Front Range Division of the Mountain States Girls Hockey League. They checked in, received USA Hockey jerseys on loan, and received a photo of the US women's gold-medal Olympic team. They dressed in the locker rooms, then hit the ice for an hour of 3-on-3 games."
The atmosphere was buoyant, with tons of smiles and laughter, as proud parents took videos and photos.
"It was especially great for the younger girls to see the 12U girls teams in action," said Fortney. "It provides them with a vision of what the future could look like. It was also good to raise awareness of girls hockey programs in our city and lets people know we are active and organized."
USA: Newark NJ
If you were at the RWJ Barnabas Health Hockey House in Newark, New Jersey on Saturday, it was impossible to miss the smiling faces. After joining forces with the NWHL's Metropolitan Riveters, the New Jersey Devils organized a World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend event for the second consecutive year and it was another success – despite the Devils being on the road in Sweden and the Riveters in Minnesota.
Read here our featured story on the event in New Jersey.
Romania: Otopeni (Triumf)
The women's hockey team Triumf Bucharest with the Romanian Ice Hockey Federation organized an event in Otopeni outside of Bucharest.
48 girls came, most of them under 12 years old, some a few years older.
One hour before the event the participants met and got in the mood with some off-ice games. The players from the team helped the young participants to get comfortable in the dressing room with the equipment. On the ice they did an obstacle course, stickhandling, one-on-one and a 3-on-3 game.
The hockey family also had some real families on the ice with four pairs of sisters and another family with three sisters on the ice.
"Our hockey community is small but has a big heart. All the parents were amazed by the desire of the girls, and they enjoyed that the girls had a lot of fun. Everybody involved was pleased because we put some effort into it. The girls had a lot of fun so I'm very pleased about that because you should never forget to love the game," said head coach George Pogacean. "It's the third year we host this event and it's growing from year to year from 20 to 35 and now almost 50. Women's hockey and hockey is growing in Romania and that is a very good thing."
Bulgaria: Sofia
Bulgarian national team player Vanesa Georgieva organized the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in Bulgaria that took place at the Winter Sports Palace in the capital of Sofia. 30 girls and women between the age of 4 and 40 came from the local teams and the women's national team.
The older ones helped the younger ones to get equipped and to learn skating and puck-handling. After the hour-long session on the ice a lottery was organized where the participants were able to win equipment. In the end everybody was a winner as the players had fun and got a branded puck.
"All of the participants – players, coaches, organizing committee and parents – were very happy and thankful to the Bulgarian Ice Hockey Federation for organizing this event, and for helping little girls to play hockey and enjoy the game. All the girls were really excited about that possibility to skate and play hockey side by side with girls from the national team. They loved the time spent on the ice," Georgieva said. "The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend is a great opportunity. We truly believe that ice hockey is suitable for girls. Hockey is for everyone!"
Turkey: Kocaeli
One of the four events in Turkey was organized by the Kocaeli Youth Sport Club in Kocaeli east of Istanbul. 16 young women were on the ice on Saturday evening and some mothers even wanted to join too. They got some equipment and tried skating, passing and playing.
"The girls were happy to participate in this event," said head coach and organizer Eray Atali. "In our city we don't have a women's team but we have 20 girls who join practices with boys. This event may help to form a team."
Kuwait: Kuwait City
It will be a historic year for Kuwait. Last season the Gulf State started with a women's national team, which in the new season will for the first time compete in an IIHF event. Good timing to join the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend for the first time.
70 female players between the age of 7 and 35 came to the Ice Skating Rink in Kuwait City on Saturday evening. The current players showed an exhibition game to introduce the sport of ice hockey to the new ones and the spectators. The senior players helped the newcomers with the equipment and how to skate and use the hockey stick.
"The participants were all excited to be on the ice and found this as an opportunity to make new friends. The parents were amazed to see what their kids were capable of and how a sport can bring lot of excitement and teach them team work. The parents enquired a lot about how this game works and what are the enrolment procedures. Everyone was happy at the fact that the event bought a lot of awareness to the game and more publicity," said Meshal Alajmi, Development Manager of the Kuwait Ice Hockey Association. "It's a new exciting sport in our society especially for girls which has gained a lot of acceptance and likeness. This event will help the general public to take the sport more serious and try more harder to take out time for it and some might even start considering it as a career profession."
USA: Stockholm NJ
While new women and young girls make their first steps in hockey during the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend, it's also the time experienced players get involved. They go onto the ice as instructors, talk about the opportunities through hockey or get ready for autograph and photo sessions. How often do you have the chance to be on a picture with not one, but even four Olympic gold medal winners? Only at #WGIHW! Here at the Junior Rangers event in Stockholm, New Jersey.
Canada: Paradise NL
The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend allows future female hockey players not only to try hockey but also to try what their idols do. Like doing your own Natalie Spooner style selfie at TomCats' event in Paradise, Newfoundland in Canada. And what a nice hat they used!
USA: Columbus OH
North America is getting ready for its first events too this time around. Like here in Columbus where 60 girls are expected to come soon for the Blue Jackets' Get Out and Learn program!
USA: Vernon Hills IL
Nobody is too small to skate. In particular not during the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend. Welcome to the hockey family Olive!
Russia: St. Petersburg
The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend has started in Russia with many club's from the Women's Hockey League involved. Watch in this six-minute video how hockey journalist Tatyana Chernova switches the side and goes on the ice with Dynamo St. Petersburg.
Ukraine: Kyiv & Dnipro
Make the ice ready for the women! Ukraine, which will join the IIHF Ice Hockey Women's World Championship program for the first time after years of preparation, organizes again several World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend events. These pictures reached us from HC Ukrainochka in Kyiv and from the Dnepr Squirrels, one of two women's hockey clubs in Dnipro that host events this weekend.
One of the first events on Saturday took place at Wellblechpalast, the legendary rink in the east Berlin where Eisbaren Berlin and its East German predecessor Dynamo Berlin used to play. The junior organization of the club supported by the German Ice Hockey Association organized the event in the German capital.
After a welcome and getting the equipment it was time for a one-hour ice session. There were different stations for skating, shooting, games and a fun station with balloons. Even a hockey merry-go-round (see below) was included! Once an exciting hour was over, the girls got giveaways and more information on how to continue with playing ice hockey.
It's Year 1 after the first Olympic Winter Games on home ice for Korea. Year 1 after the unique experience of a Unified Korean Women's Ice Hockey Team with players from the North joining the South Korean players on one team. For the Korea Ice Hockey Association in the south it starts with another step in growing the game. For the first time an U18 women's team will compete in the IIHF program, which was the emphasis during the World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend in Seoul.
Chinese Taipei: Taipei City
The World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend started on Saturday in the Far East including this event in Taipei City, one of the venues that annually take part in the #WGIHW.
2018 World Girls' Ice Hockey Weekend
#WGIHW
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Top turnout in Istanbul
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CZE SWE 15 JAN 2020
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Q: Intuitive interpretation of Bayes risk $R(\delta, \lambda) = \int_{\Omega}R(\theta, \delta) \lambda(\theta) d\theta$ Consider the risk function R of an estimator (statistic) $\delta(X)$ trying to estimate parameter $\theta$:
$$R(\theta, \delta) = E_{X \sim P_{\theta}}[Loss(\theta,\delta(X)]$$
Which can be interpreted as the average loss our estimator has weighted by relative frequency of the data X.
Then consider Bayes risk:
$$R(\delta, \lambda) = \int_{\Omega}R(\theta, \delta) \lambda(\theta) d\theta$$
where $\lambda(\theta)$ is a weighting function on each possible value the parameter could take.
How would one interpret $R(\delta, \lambda)$?
The thing that is kind of confusing me is that because we are integrating with respect to both X and $\theta$, it was harder for me to interpret what it means.
The interpretation I was thinking was something like this:
The "real" (average) loss of $\delta$. Why real? Well, because we are using $\lambda(\theta)$ to put a higher weights on which parameters we care more about. We want to have an estimator that is good in general but we care more about some $\theta$'s, depending on $\lambda$.

A: The Bayes risk is the frequentist risk averaged over the parameter space against to the prior distribution $\lambda$. The notion turns a function of $\theta$, $R(\theta,\delta)$, into a positive number, $R(\delta,\lambda)$, and hence allows for a total ordering of estimators $\delta$, hence for the definition of the Bayes estimator$$\delta^\lambda=\arg\min_\delta R(\delta,\lambda)$$
The link with the conditional Bayesian approach is that, thanks to Fubini's theorem, the Bayes estimator can also be derived by minimising for every $x$ the posterior expected loss$$\varrho(\delta(x),\lambda)=\mathbb{E}[L(\theta,\delta(x))|X=x]$$
As noted by @guy, this quantity also has frequentist motivations, one of them being that, in regular problems, the minimax risk equals the maximin risk in the following way:$$\min_\delta\max_\theta R(\theta,\delta)=\max_\lambda\min_\delta R(\delta,\lambda)$$expressing minimax estimators as "worst" Bayes estimators.

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Home > Journals > AIS Journals > JAIS > Vol. 11 > Iss. 9 (2010)
A Hybrid Attribute Selection Approach for Text Classification
Chen-Huei Chou, College of CharlestonFollow
Atish P. Sinha, University of Wisconsin - MilwaukeeFollow
Huimin Zhao, University of Wisconsin - MilwaukeeFollow
The application of text mining in organizations is growing. Text classification, an important type of text mining problem, is characterized by a large attribute space and entails an efficient and effective attribute selection procedure. There are two general attribute selection approaches: the filter approach and the wrapper approach. While the wrapper approach is potentially more effective in finding the best attribute subset, it is cost-prohibitive in most text classification applications. In this paper, we propose a hybrid attribute selection approach that is both efficient and effective for text classification problems. We apply the proposed approach to detect and prevent Internet abuse in the workplace, which is becoming a major problem in modern organizations. The empirical evaluations we conducted using a variety of classification algorithms, indexing schemes, and attribute selection methods demonstrate the utility of the proposed approach. We found that combining the filter and wrapper approaches not only boosts the accuracies of text classifiers but also brings down the computational costs significantly.
Chou, Chen-Huei; Sinha, Atish P.; and Zhao, Huimin (2010) "A Hybrid Attribute Selection Approach for Text Classification," Journal of the Association for Information Systems: Vol. 11 : Iss. 9 , Article 1.
DOI: 10.17705/1jais.00236
Available at: https://aisel.aisnet.org/jais/vol11/iss9/1
10.17705/1jais.00236
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Embattled NWSL moves championship game from Portland to Louisville
The National Women's Soccer League on Wednesday announced a new venue and kickoff time on Wednesday for its November 20 championship game after complaints from players.
The league and its players association said the final had been relocated from Portland, Oregon, to Louisville Kentucky, where it will start at noon "at the request of players."
The game's initial location in Portland, with a kick off time of 9 am, had been met with widespread criticism when it was announced last month.
"9am start is laughable," national team star and Orlando Pride goalkeeper Ashlyn Harris said on Twitter. "Im tired of staying quiet. We deserve better."
Players also objected to the high profile match being played on artificial turf. The stadium in Louisville, home of Racing Louisville, is a grass pitch.
"At the request of the players, the NWSL has moved the NWSL Championship from Portland to Louisville," the league said in a statement.
"We realize the impact this has on the fans who have bought tickets and made travel arrangements. We hope that our fans will understand that this move is made with the support of the NWSL, the Players Association, the Portland Thorns, and Racing Louisville."
In making the announcement, the league and players association said they had "made progress over the past week on issues concerning player safety, transparency, and moving the League forward in a new direction."
The NWSL was rocked in recent weeks by allegations of sexual misconduct against North Carolina Courage coach Paul Riley and the dismissal of Washington Spirit coach Richie Burke following an investigation into allegations of verbal and emotional abuse.
League commissioner Lisa Baird resigned amid criticism of the league's failure to respond to complaints about Riley, who was accused of sexually coercing players during his stint at the Portland Thorns from 2014-2015.
In their joint statement on Wednesday, the league and players' association said they continued to work on an array of issues facing the league.
"We are all dedicated to rebuilding a league that protects and promotes the best athletes in the world and that is focused on the players, their health, and their safety," the statement said.


2018 V8 Hesitation on Acceleration?
Thread: 2018 V8 Hesitation on Acceleration?
Re: 2018 V8 Hesitation on Acceleration?
Yeah i hear what your saying but it is not a gas issue. when you press the pedal absolutely nothing happens for for up to two seconds then wham it kicks in There is a delay in communication somewhere. I heard some mention that it had to due with the transmission not knowing what to do but even happens when in sport mode and set to first or second gear. There are several SSM from manufactures to dealers about this issue but they have no answer as of yet.
Somehow The info is being held up by the ecu the engine has no response when you hit the gas dead silent. This is why after the delay it hits hard with a jerky response because we are pressing the pedal further and further trying to get a response and by the time the ecu processes the signal we are pressing the pedal so far down the it slams the gas... very unusual.
I just posted a new topic with information on my new rover. My car is a brand new 2019 full size with the 3.0 gasser, a week old, and one of the problems is the throttle lag or hesitation. Almost cost me two rear end collisions!! Dealer does not think it is a problem with the car, but that it was designed that way. Only happens at slow speeds, especially when letting off of the brake, then getting back into the throttle.
Anyone who's having this problem: try taking taking your vehicle out of auto terrain response and select general driving mode.
The problem is that when the temperature drops near freezing, auto terrain response selects snow mode. Snow mode slows throttle response. Even if there is no snow on the road the vehicle thinks that snow mode is the optimal drive mode. So it'll be perfectly dry out and you'll take off like a snail.
I've confirmed this with both L405 and the new Discovery. This might not work for you, but for me anytime the temperature drops I turn off auto terrain response and leave it in general driving mode. No hesitation issues after that.
1995 P38, 2005 L332, 2016 L405 TD6.
If this is true it's an amazing find. i wonder if it applies to the L494 as well? There have been plenty of folks over on that sub-forum complaining of hesitation on acceleration as well. When I test-drove a 2019 RRS SCD V8 a few weeks ago before ordering, I didn't notice any hesitation, just the opposite. The temp was definitely over 32* F that day though.
That would make sense, because my little snow icon has been on frequently, due to our cold weather. Thanks! I will give that a try.
That is not the problem the v6 does not have auto mode it has nothing to do with that. So you might try to understand a bit more: It is an absolute dead zone not a slow to respond throttle like in snow mode, in snow mode you press on the peddle with a longer throw and the car slowly rev's up so as to not spin the tires.
The delay we are speaking of is you press the peddle expecting something and nothing happens so you gradually press it further and still nothing until WHAM it kicks in at a much great throttle than we would expect because that gradual pushing of the peddle to gain acceleration has caused us to demand more than we want and by the time the computer decides to respond it does so with the increase throttle demand.
There is a hiccup in communication and it is frightening Since my last post I found myself sitting in the middle of the road with oncoming traffic and praying for the car to respond its like the car stalled. and just like Flinthills said I was turning onto a street and a car was following to close behind me and nearly rear ended me because it wouldnt go.
I was told my rover has the auto control, and I do have the v6, and I do notice the snowflake icon in the top right corner of my gauge cluster. I'm not saying because of that icon, I do have the auto control, that is just what the mechanic told me. At this point, I will take any advice on what the problem could be. It is frustrating, and quite honestly scary. When I let, he did a complete diagnostic, and it showed no faults, which as I told him, does not mean Land Rover still doesn't have problems.
Ah gotcha. I should have been more clear too. The "snail" acceleration I was referring to is normal for snow mode. What's not normal was what I was feeling. My problem felt to me like a fuel cut. The dealer was calling it "turbo lag". I'd hit the throttle and nothing would happen, then it would jump. I have a TD6 though.
It's really hard to say what's the cause, all I know is that since I started leaving it in general driving mode I haven't had it happen since. I have 70k+ miles on my truck right now so I've had quite some time to drive it and test. My thought was that auto terrain is trying to change mid-acceleration and glitches. But if you're experiencing something similar without auto terrain then I might be wrong.
Hope you guys can find solution!
The snowflake icon just means that the temperature has dropped and to watch for ice, not that you've switched drive modes. If auto terrain response is on you actually won't be told what drive mode you're in. You can infer it from how it other systems act though.
This thread was originally a V8 thread, but it now combines the V8, the V6 and the diesel. I think whatever you guys are experiencing, are different things, by engine - and in this thread it's confusing to follow.
None of my cars exhibit this problem so I'm just an observer here, but I thought I'd mention it.
A sidenote: the little snowflake icon on the dash means that the weather is colder than I think 40F/8C, and has no relevance to the engine, AFAIK. It's just a thermometer.
I just took delivery of my L494 (HSE V6) and didn't notice throttle hesitation on my pre-delivery test drive but was able to feel some lag when replicating this method. When I transition quickly from break back to throttle I do have some hesitation before the car begins to accelerate again. It has to be software related so it's hard to imagine they can't find the issue and push out a fix.
If it is a slight delay that would be considered normal, Believe me if you had it you would no it. It is nothing like a turbo lag it sometimes vary in length usually about close to about two seconds of dead spot with nothing.
A Customer may complain of a hesitation while accelerating from a 'rolling stop'.
We are investigating complaints on MY18 vehicles which had complaints from new as well as 14-17 MY vehicles where this complaint surfaced following a software update. Perform diagnosis and repair of any DTCs stored. If a repair is made and validated based on DTCs, raise an EPQR and hold any parts replaced for analysis. If the complaint is deemed to be normal as compared to another like vehicle, raise an EPQR with a video of the live data signals below, taken when the complaint occurred attached to the report. Also describe in detail what conditions cause the complaint to occur.
• Accelerator Pedal Position 1.


text:
Llandudno restaurant boss whose hard line on kids sparked Loose Women debate defends her strict rules
Cindy Atay's guidelines for parents made national headlines after customer posted them on Facebook
Jez Hemming
The Mediterranean Restaurant in Llandudno (Image: The Mediterranean Restaurant, Llandudno)
A Llandudno restaurant owner has stood by her strict rules on how kids should behave in her establishment.
Cindy Atay, who runs the Mediterranean, found her guidelines for parents making national news headlines after a customer posted them on Facebook.
By lunchtime on Wednesday, the dos and don't for youngsters eating there were the subject of debate on ITV panel show Loose Women.
Mrs Atay, who has run the Mediterranean with her husband Ibo for 25 years, said she was unrepentant about the rules she enforces.
She said warning parents about controlling children and thinking of other guests was "sensible".
Among the rules in place are that kids had to remain seated at all times and that any who were crying should be taken outside.
Mrs Atay told North Wales Live her husband had been threatened since the news of the restaurant's rules broke.
She added: "There are restaurants where kids are welcome but there are glasses on the table, forks, knives, side plates and flower pots in our restaurant.
"We have a fountain and we can't have it on because children have their hands in it and it causes a trip hazard on the floor for our staff with hot plates.
"Some parents come into the restaurant and they think their children can do what they want. Ninety percent of parents are great with their children, but there are a few unfortunately who think they can come on holiday and take a holiday from their parenting, from everything.
"The only parents that are offended are those who want to let their children run around.
"Two children came in to the kitchen two days ago. They should have been with their parents not in the kitchen. One got behind the bar."
Is the restaurant right to set out the behaviour it will not accept from children to potential customers?
2000+ VOTES SO FAR
Mediterranean's rules on kids
Children must be seated at all times, not left to run around the restaurant. The restaurant can be a very dangerous place; staff carrying hot plates etc. We will not be held responsible for your children if they are hurt in the restaurant because they are not being looked after.
Children are the sole responsibility of their guardian while in our restaurant. Children must be accompanied to the toilets for health and safety reasons.
Children under eight years old will be served with melamine plates and bowls, due to our porcelain plates being served hot.
Crying/Screaming children: The management love children in the restaurant, but we do understand that when children are crying or screaming in the restaurant it does upset our other customers. Customers do not come to listen to screaming children.
We ask in the most politest way possible, please if your child is crying/screaming, please take them out of the restaurant until they've calmed down. I really do not want to upset anyone, but we have had complaints in the past. You have to understand people do not come out to listen to crying/screaming children. So please be considerate to others.
Unfortunately, if a child cannot be stopped from disturbing other diners we will unfortunately have to ask you to leave the restaurant, which we really would hate to do. I know it would offend and we'd hate that too!!
The customer who originally complained about the restaurant has now taken her Facebook post down claimed Mrs Atay and, despite the original news story claiming the poor review was left on TripAdvisor, it couldn't be found on Wednesday.
Mrs Atay claimed the woman who complained online had no children with her and had been upset because she had been forced to wait for 20 minutes while her husband went to a cashpoint, so they could pay for their meal.
A snap poll on ITV 's Loose Women on Wednesday afternoon showed 66% of viewers supported kicking noisy children out of restaurants.
Janet Street Porter, whose her aunt lives in Llandudno , gave her total support for the Mrs Atay's rules.
Janet Street-Porter (Image: ITV)
She said: "It's fantastic. The lady is trying to run a restaurant, they have got to have rules. It's adult time and most children will be in bed by 8pm at night."
Ruth Langsford said she was not allowed to run around in restaurants when she was a child. Although she did bring up the subject of accommodating children with special needs.
Mrs Atay, who ran a nursing agency in Colwyn Bay for 20 years before taking up the reins at the restaurant, said: "I looked after children with special needs so I am quite capable of coping with special needs children. There are always exceptions to the rules."
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Disabled woman threatened by local
She added: "I don't accept that it makes us sound like we don't like children. We have grandchildren.
"I was speaking to a customer the other day and she said it was a good tool to read the rules to her daughters to make them behave in the restaurant, because she could read it out to them.
"If you are there having a romantic meal do you want a baby that's screaming blue murder? I know when you're away you have to take your children out with you but most people try their best to get them into bed early.
Follow @northwaleslive
Loose Women
Colwyn BayPolice stop car and find 10 people crammed insideThe silver Kia Sorento, which was stopped in Colwyn Bay, had six children sat inside
AldiMum's Aldi trick to beat speedy checkout staff and take stress out of packingStaff at the budget supermarket are known for scanning items at top speed


Our Clubhouse is our Community Center since it is the place where our guests gather.
It's a great place to meet up, play pinochle, organize a game of dominoes, or just sit and enjoy chatting with each other in a spacious environment. Meeting up with friends and family isn't the only thing you can do at the clubhouse. Take a look at what else there is.
A clean laundry is an absolute must and I think you will agree that ours is the cleanest. It is open 24 hours a day so there is no waiting for the doors to unlock. And since doing laundry isn't exactly the most exciting thing to do, there is a big screen TV to enjoy while waiting for that last load to dry.
Ever had that occasion when the husband or the kids came in from being out on the ATV's with enough dirt and mud on them to build your own dirt track? After they get out of the shower you feel like it is time to drag out the hose to clean the shower. Well, now you can just send them down to the showers in the Community Center and not worry about the dirt and mud being tracked in. Just like the laundry, the showers are open 24 hours a day.
And in case you forgot to pack something (soap is one that I always forget) there is a mini-mart that is open during office hours to keep you from having to drive to the grocery.
If you are with a group, you can schedule the clubhouse for meetings, potlucks, card games or to just relax and enjoy each other's company.
If you are an RVing Group, request your Group Information package by filling out the form below. The Clubhouse will hold up to 60.


text:
Waterford adds "workforce housing" in Pomona
Deal brings firm's portfolio to 3,220 units in partnership with state authority
By Isabella Farr
Waterford's John Drachman and the apartments (Waterford)
Waterford Property Company has once again partnered with a state joint powers authority to buy a large apartment complex for conversion into workforce housing.
The firm and the California Statewide Communities Development Authority bought a 472-unit complex at 777 East 3rd Street in Pomona for $194.4 million, according to a Monday announcement. Newport Beach-based Picerne Residential sold the complex.
The deal was funded through tax-exempt bond financing.
The financial benefit is offered through the state authority in exchange for Waterford lowering rents for qualified new residents who make between 60 and 120 percent of the area's median income.
The complex already includes 94 units reserved for residents making 50 percent of the area's median income. Under Waterford's management, the restrictions on the affordable units will be extended through 2055 and a further 63 units will be converted to very low-income apartments.
Waterford and the joint powers authority will also invest $18 million to renovate the units.
The Pomona City Council approved Waterford and the CSCDA's acquisition in a 7-0 vote in October, with Pomona's deputy city manager, Kirk Pelser, adding the deal helps address "the dire need for affordable housing" across the state.
Middle-income housing conversions now count toward the state's mandated affordable housing quota for cities and counties in California, after Gov. Gavin Newsom signed Assembly Bill 787 into law in September.
This is Waterford and the CSCDA's first deal in Pomona, a city of about 150,000 on the eastern edge of Los Angeles County. Over the last year, the pair have purchased a 265-unit complex in Anaheim for $127.3 million, two complexes in Pasadena for $335 million and a 500-unit complex in Glendale for $300 million, among other properties.
Contact Isabella Farr
affordable housingMultifamily LAWaterford Property
Long Beach explores tax-exempt bonds for "workforce housing"
South Gate lot entitled for 78 resi units up for sale
Workforce housing deal goes upscale on price per unit
Local investor picks up San Gabriel Valley apartment portfolio
State to put $2B toward inner-city residential development
Shekhter sheds two SF Valley properties for $52.5M
U.S. Vets plans affordable apartments in San Bernardino
Shekhter sells Canoga Park apartments


Durable waterproof TPU backpack, 35l.
The largest four Hydraulic™ Dry Bags like the Hydraulic Drypack 35l by SEA TO SUMMIT are equipped with a removable carrying system that makes wearing them a whole lot easier - whether on a river, the airport, or anywhere else where large amounts of equipment are carried.
The Hydraulic™ harness is an open structure made of EVA foam and air mesh that guarantees good ventilation and quick drying, without compromising the comfort. The harness is mounted on a series of 7075-T6 aluminum buckles on the Dry Pack that are as robust as the pack itself. You don't have to worry about broken buckles during the trip. Only harness compatible Hydraulic™ Dry Bags can be used with the Hydraulic™ harness.
In addition, the Hydraulic Drypack 35l by SEA TO SUMMIT has a fully adjustable back length.


text:
Pastor Troy Garner
Pastor Troy L. Garner is the founding Pastor of the Fellowship of Faith Church. He is a student of preaching, and a student of the word. He grew up in Huntsville, Alabama where he was saved at the age of 10 and called to preach at the age of 18. Pastor Troy studied at the American Baptist College in Nashville, Tennessee, having received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Biblical studies in 1996. He received his Masters of Divinity from the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary in Louisville Kentucky. Presently, he is pursuing a Doctor of Ministry in Pastoral Leadership from the Birmingham Theological Seminary in Birmingham, Alabama. He desires to be a great preacher/teacher of the word. Pastor Troy has been preaching since 1987 and has been a pastor at churches in Mobile and Athens before founding The Fellowship of Faith in Huntsville in November of 2003 where God is doing a great work..
Pastor Troy is married to Kimberly Garner. She assists her husband with daily operation of the Fellowship of Faith. Lady Kim was the former Assistant Principal at Monrovia Middle School. They are the proud parents of one daughter, Tory Michelle Garner.
Pastor Troy is an avid sports fan. He is the Chaplain of the Alabama A&M University basketball & football teams. He is a member of the Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, a member of the 100 Black Men, an alumnus of Huntsville Madison County Leadership and a board member for the Harvest Boys and Girls Club.


text:
package kcl.teamIndexZero.traffic.log;

import org.junit.Test;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;

/**
 * Created by Es on 01/02/2016.
 */
public class LoggerTest {

    @Test
    public void testGetLoggerInstance() throws Exception {
        Logger log = Logger.getLoggerInstance("Logger_UnitTest");
        Logger log_copy = Logger.getLoggerInstance("Logger_UnitTest");
        assertEquals(log, log_copy);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLog() throws Exception {
        Logger mocked_log = mock(Logger.class);
        mocked_log.log("Testing .log ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
        verify(mocked_log).log("Testing .log ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLog_Fatal() throws Exception {
        Logger mocked_log = mock(Logger.class);
        mocked_log.log_Fatal("Testing .log_Fatal ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
        verify(mocked_log).log_Fatal("Testing .log_Fatal ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLog_Error() throws Exception {
        Logger mocked_log = mock(Logger.class);
        mocked_log.log_Error("Testing .log_Error ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
        verify(mocked_log).log_Error("Testing .log_Error ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLog_Warning() throws Exception {
        Logger mocked_log = mock(Logger.class);
        mocked_log.log_Warning("Testing .log_Warning ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
        verify(mocked_log).log_Warning("Testing .log_Warning ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLog_Debug() throws Exception {
        Logger mocked_log = mock(Logger.class);
        mocked_log.log_Debug("Testing .log_Debug ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
        verify(mocked_log).log_Debug("Testing .log_Debug ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLog_Trace() throws Exception {
        Logger mocked_log = mock(Logger.class);
        mocked_log.log_Trace("Testing .log_Trace ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
        verify(mocked_log).log_Trace("Testing .log_Trace ", 1, ", ", 2, ", ", 3);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
PID, soiling and module degradation in hot climates
PID in India: In the cost-conscious Indian solar sector, ensuring reliable power output should be the number one priority. However, an example of one solar farm suffering from the ill-effects of under-performing modules, installation malpractice and unsatisfactory maintenance shows how corner cutting from the outset is more damaging in the long run.
September 12, 2017 Ian Clover
Shaded, soiled and degraded, the modules installed at this 5 MW solar plant in Rajasthan, India, had very little chance at performing to their optimum capability. So what were the lessons learned?
Image: Anonymously supplied.
The northwestern Indian state of Rajasthan is one of the nation's hotter, drier corners. While monsoon rains do lick at the state's southern reaches, much of the land lies in a rain shadow: the dusty Thar Desert exerts a greater climatic influence on the state, bringing aridity and extreme temperatures throughout much of the year.
Bordering Pakistan and edging close to India's capital, Delhi, Rajasthan is strategically important but relatively sparsely populated: despite being the largest Indian state in area, it is only the seventh-largest in terms of population.
These factors combined have made the state an attractive location for vast, ultra-mega solar plants, including the Bhadla Solar Park, which has attracted India's lowest solar price of INR 2.44/kWh ($0.037/kWh). But while the current pace of development and interest in solar in Rajasthan is unprecedented, back in 2010 PV developers were entering pretty much unchartered territory.
While India is poised to add around 10 GW of new solar PV capacity in 2017 alone, seven years ago the installed base was negligible, and any ground-mounted solar project was a curiosity, a pioneer, and a litmus test of what was to come. Since then, technology, knowledge, expertise and policy support have all improved, but there are still lingering concerns that a cost-conscious mindset continues to prevail – EPCs and investors eager to keep their capital expenditure (Capex) as low as possible, and thus willing to cut corners on quality from the get-go. So what lessons can be learned from analyzing those very first solar installations that can be applied today? Let's go back to 2010…
A 5 MW pioneer
Built in Rajasthan between 2010 and 2011, a 5 MW solar plant was intended to be the first phase of a larger 45 MW solar array. These later stages did not materialize because quite soon after commissioning, the plant's owner recognized problems with the array.
The solar farm was built using crystalline solar modules, and secured a power purchase agreement (PPA) for its solar electricity at a rate of 15.78 INR/kWh ($0.25/kWh). Initial calculations by the investor was that the solar farm could generate 7.5 million units of electricity per year, generating an annual income of approximately $1.8 million. In actual fact, based on tests carried out by researchers at India's National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE) and the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, the solar plant was actually only generating electricity to the value of $860,000 per year – less than half its projected generation performance.
Subrahmanyam Pulipaka, the CEO and co-founder of Soreva Energy and then graduate student and researcher at BITS Pilani, analyzed the solar plant's generation data from over a period of four years and found that the average degradation evident on the modules installed was 2.75%.
"A significant number of surveyed modules – more than 20% – displayed unusually high degradation rates," Pulipaka told pv magazine. "Since PV systems contain multiple modules in series strings, the performance of the array was throttled by the worst performing module."
The NISE researchers recorded a 9% drop in efficiency output per string during an All India survey conducted in 2013, estimating that around 3 – 3.5% of that figure could be attributed to soiling and other installation malpractice, with potential induced degradation (PID) culpable for the remaining efficiency losses.
The researchers, operating under Dr. Rajneesh Kumar at BITS Pilani, were able to test the modules in their laboratory, accurately recreating each and every environmental factor into their calculations. The initial assessment reached was that the standard of modules used at the site was not sufficient, meaning that for 4-6 six months of the year the power plant was effectively not working. The site owner and EPC were made aware of the problem, but Pulipaka believes that the necessary scientific steps required to resolve the issue were ignored, pointing to three embedded practices that exacerbated the problem by rejecting scientific solutions.
"The first of these is what I call Cheap and Best: most of the operators who bid for tenders on government projects often have a keen eye on the margin," said Pulipaka. "With the falling trend of solar power prices in India, this become much more evident." In this particular case, the EPC chose to forego essential quality checks of the components, taking it for granted that the quality of the modules, inverters and structure was up to scratch.
The second practice that undermines Indian solar quality, Pulipaka believes, is an acceptance of unskilled manpower. In 2010, when this 5 MW solar farm was built, perhaps the argument could be made that there was very little in the way of local knowledge or experience of solar park installation at that time. However, it is a cultural practice that persists, argues Pulipaka. "India is yet to train enough manpower to be able to install and maintain solar plants to acceptable standards," he said.
"Most often, the way in which laborers handle the solar equipment – and the practices they follow – are directly responsible for many of the continuous faults in Indian solar plants," he asserts.
Thirdly, there is still an overwhelming belief in curing rather than preventing faults in solar parks, Pulipaka states. "Most solar plant owners in India up until now have opted for remedial-based maintenance activity, rather than preventive action." This is of course in part due to owners' limited knowledge of the workings of a solar plant. Pulipaka points to the example of how solar plant cleaning can result in 2 – 3.5% daily generation losses if not done correctly.
Lessons to be learned
According to Pulipaka, the Rajasthan solar plant operated at just 19.5% of its Capacity Utilization Factor (CUF) during the first eight-nine months of its installation. He believes that the developer was simply unprepared for the impact the climatic environment was going to have on the technology installed.
"The primary contributor to the PID registered at the plant was temperature," he said. "And coupled with soiling, its impact was even more evident. Generally, we consider array voltage as a key driver towards understanding the phenomena of PID. In a case with high array voltage, higher temperature and soiling effect makes PID much worse."
In India today, understanding of climatic impacts on solar components is more advanced, which is both necessary and an encouraging sign of how the solar industry has evolved and matured as it has grown. Just a few short years ago, however, there was a large gap in knowledge between what researchers knew – and could measure and interpret – and what contractors and industrial entities were actively developing in the field. This, Pulipaka admits, is a knowledge gap that has notably narrowed.
"Many academic veterans have taken up critical positions in industries working on solar technologies," he said. "I feel that this can mitigate some of the potential issues, and help operators and EPC contractors understand that solar power generation is intermittent and best O&M practices are the only way to make the most of an installation."
As things stands, solar plant maintenance remains something of an after-thought across most parts of India, while a distinct lack of practical modelling or analysis of the granularity of variables considered during solar plant design and site location is a cause of future concerns, Pulipaka added.
Proactive analysis of weather patterns and local conditions and their likely impact on soiling can mitigate their worst effects, he believes. "By altering the tilt angle of a solar panel from its latitude angle, an EPC can help create resistance towards soiling on the panel. Hence, the impact of soiling can be minimized if soiling parameters are taken into consideration while deciding the tilt, instead of just inclining it with the value equal to latitude."
Data obtained across four years of study has enabled Pulipaka and his colleagues at Soreva Energy to better understand what angles work best in various parts of the country (see table). Such forward-thinking approaches – collectively considering all factors that could impact a plant's performance – are increasingly common across India as the country hurtles towards its 2022 100 GW solar goal.
Ian Clover
Ian joined the pv magazine team in 2013 and specializes in power electronics (inverters) and battery storage. Ian also reports on the UK solar market, having worked as a print and web journalist in Britain for various multimedia companies, covering topics ranging from renewable energy and sustainability to real estate, sport and film.
More articles from Ian Clover