Tracing back to 1991 and the period thereafter, on the one hand we have witnessed a kind of triumph that India rejoiced in with the hope of matching with the global economy and becoming a superpower in the global arena; and on the other hand, we have also seen the trials and tribulations on India's socio-economic-political developments and the emergence of the notion of 'new India' across all socio-economic classes. Hence, it would certainly not be a mistake if we say that antecedents of politics in India, besides highlighting the stark realities of India today, also point as to how the happenings have resulted in a new wave politics primarily based on the sentiments of societal insecurities and politics of crises.
On the basis of government reports, we can easily claim that the new economic policies have not only brought infrastructural growth across the country resulting in socio-economic development etc., but the policies have also eventually helped in uplifting people from the vicious circle of poverty fetching a noticeable decrease in the Below Poverty Line (BPL) population. However, strangely, with these tall claims of the government post-1991, the Indian Government at the Centre and the governments in the States as well could never become politically stable. Pondering over the three- decade story of Indian politics since 1991 till date, we see that the development fiasco rather than building hopes, have contributed to all kinds of hopelessness for the utopian "New India".
The question is: who is the culprit behind this, the BJP or Indian National Congress (INC)? No, we cannot blame any particular political party in general because both the INC and BJP have had their share of power in these 20 years of the development drama. From Narasimha Rao to Narendra Modi, we have had all sorts of power politics in our country. This is certainly not to condone the fact that the Congress of course has a bigger share of being in power than its counter-part, the BJP. However, what is more interesting is to note the trend that even though we are all aware that each and every political party in India is exhibiting the problems of having anti-people syndrome, dynastic politics, major corruption cases and, above all, visionless leaders, but 2004 onwards the INC was exposed the most. Adding to these exposures were the Modi-wave and movements like Indian Against Corruption.
Before delving deeper into the subject, it is pertinent to closely look at the kind of share that the BJP gauged during the 2014 Lok Sabha elections and the emergent phenomena in the name of alternative politics. The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) won the Delhi Assembly elections in early 2015. While in the Lok Sabha elections, the BJP emerged as a winner with 283 seats, the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) in Delhi won a whopping 67 of 70 seats. However, these results are nothing but an example of how to leverage on the politics of crises and social insecurities that India was facing since the last three decades. The insecurities of the common man were mounting and these parties did nothing but created the much-needed pressure by pin-pointing the issues which the average citizen was facing and made them aware of these from within; and, as they say, when the spiral of silence explodes, it is easy to mobilise the public to break all the shackles. Now, to briefly highlight as to what worked for the BJP and AAP and what didn't work for the INC let us list the points mentioned below.
What went against the then Ruling Party, the INC?
•	continuous focus on populist policies and programmes.
FIRST of all, the failure of governance or existence of no governance before the BJP and AAP; nonetheless, "minimum government and maximum governance" has still not happened with the BJP-led NDA Government completing a year and the AAP Government completing their first 100 days. Clearly, if not anything else, it does imply that the governance structure remains the same. Be it the controversies surrounding the Central Govern-ment in the last 365 days or the AAP Government's failure in keeping the party's internal governance intact etc., one thing is sure: there is no internal governance to efficiently allocate the power-centres for governing the country's governance system. If we think that dynastic politics has been replaced by individual politics both at the Centre and in a State like Delhi, what's coming on our plate other than verbal consolations in the name of promises and superficial schemes?
The second and the biggest myth is politics and development for the poor or lesser-privileged. If the schemes and programmes are to be believed in, then no garib would have ever existed after Indira Gandhi's garibi hatao yojana, no one even in the remotest of villages would have remained unemployed after the NREGA, no malnutrition would have come to the sunface after anganwadis and mid-day meal scheme, no one would have remained homeless after aawas yojanas, no villages would have remained cut-off after the golden quadrilaterals and India would not be in need of make-in-India and Swachh Bharat after the much hyped Bharat Nirman Yojana. The lists of schemes are endless since time immemorial. But what is strange is that despite the hapless results of all the schemes, we are still getting schemes in the name of financial inclusion and insurance of social security etc. without any appropriate governance in place. The 365-day record of the present Central Government evidently shows the negligence of the government towards the sectors deserving maximum attention in India: agriculture or education. Instead, we have got the infamous and much-criticised Land Acquisition Bill and innumerable corporate deals to support the idea of "Make in India". Individually, each of these programmes talks about the failure of each and every promise made by the BJP Government since the last four years in the name of alternative politics.
The third myth is the claim and belief that now we have a very educated middle class, who are politically sensitive, to go for alternative politics. Both the success of "India Against Corruption" and "the rise of Narendra Modi" are credited to the educated Indian middle class and social media. Though this is quite true, but the fact is that neither is our so-called educated middle class politically sensitive nor are they looking for any alternative politics. This is a campaign created by both the success stories of the BJP and AAP. The credit definitely goes to their communication teams or hired agencies but the stark truth is that our so-called middle class comprises a bunch of opportunists. When we say opportunist 'middle class', this means that they are all for addressing their own insecurities by withholding what they have earned over a period of time in terms of economic benefits. The major insecurity is that their earned economic gains can be overtaken by others; so there is a need to protect those in the name of development denominated as urban infrastructure or job creation in the name of generating more labourers etc. And the Gujarat model of development is the most appropriate example of the same.
A further simple example can make it more clear; this relates to the issue of net-neutrality and the drama over one million e-mails sent to the TRAI. Our question to all these so-called middle class persons is: "when you have opted for global capitalism, when we say everything comes with a price, be it in the context of reservation in India, land acquisition and FDI etc., then what's the problem in accepting that the time has come to pay the price even for using a simple internet site?" This is precisely the kind societal insecurities that are being leveraged by the major political party in the name of the awakened middle class of India.
The fourth myth is the whole idea of Make in India and the trickle-down impact of development so that our underprivileged class can rise and blossom. This is one of the most rotten ideas ever, as we have seen in the past in the context of mining. As they say, bring in the MNCs and displace all the tribes by bartering them with all modern amenities in their own rehabilitated land. In the name of Development, this is leading to nothing but sheer destruction of the socio-cultural fabric of those tribes. Making me eat with knife and fork instead of hand wouldn't make me developed and empowered. We are not against the idea of Make in India but the question is: "Are we ready for this?" Who are the people all these Make in India companies are going to employ and in which position? Are we trained or educated enough to work for them at this point of time?
The fifth and final myth is the 'underdog branding' of both Modi and Kejriwal. When we see a chaiwala and a "mango" man who was sleeping on a railway station platform becoming our leaders, it does give us contentment. However, this is one of the widely-used strategies in marketing and the new-age politics of India today has adopted a successful marketing campaign to market both the leaders. All these so-called middle class members today and to a certain extent the lower class or lesser privileged ones try to link themselves with both these men and imitate them in every possible way to take pride from their individual self.
•	India is not a country of middle class.
•	Secondly, though we have the highest number of young population but certainly we are not the country of skilled and employable youth because of the failure of the education system.
•	Since the last many years, all political parties are systematically contributing for the develop-ment of the one percentage of the super-rich population rather than thinking about the 80 percentage of lesser privileged population of India. If we are emphasising so much on the trickle-down effect, it must have trickled down much before the May 2014 elections.
At any given point any middle class at any part of the world should have at least these four assets and if we consider them as the Indian middle class, they are only 4.6 per cent of the total population. We can also verify the same in terms of education and the Indian middle class.
If our economists are so optimistic now about the trickle-down approach, we would be more curious to understand what didn't work since the last fifteen years. For us, we think the trickle-down would only work when sectors like education, health, social equity etc. would be at par with the growth-oriented agenda of development or else this might take us another 15 years to experiment on the trickle-down model of development.
BY societal insecurity we mean to understand what kind of uncertainties we are going through as people of India today. This insecurity is cut across all the levels at the hierarchy. At the top (super-rich), the insecurity is growing in the same speed for accumulation of more wealth; for the middle-class, there is insecurity about becoming self-centric on their own possessions be it knowledge and skill or economic gains or procuring a job security or having a favourable environment for the growth and development of the next generation etc.; and for the ones at the bottom of the pyramid (that is, more than 80 per cent of India's population), the insecurity is of existence and hope to come out of the vulnerability. All these insecurities are generating the opportunity for our political class to ignite hope at all levels with the help of specific myths over the reality and gaining the instant and strategic popularity which essentially talks about the politics of crises in India today.
THE term "politics of crises" here refers to the two major incidences of the recent past which have been used in both the cases of the BJP and AAP to register political victory, the first one being the phenomenal victory of Narendra Modi in the 2014 general elections, which created hopes at all levels as the leader was trusted to be capable of drastically changing India's journey of develop-ment. Nobody at that time considered even the do-ability of all those promises made across all platforms. It was all about hope and hope for every single citizen who shouted in chorus: "Yes, we can change the country." The same thing got repeated and ensured the exponential growth of the AAP and their landslide victory in the Delhi elections. The Delhi elections also banked on the promises made by the populist leader, Arvind Kejriwal, who assured of working towards providing "effective governance" above all. In either of the cases the crises of people across all strata were so well packaged and presented that there was no room to think beyond the leaders. The crises of people, which systematically envelop the hopelessness and helplessness of people, were basically presented as crises of democracy and the hunger for bringing in alternative politics.
SOME of the key issues to flag on in the context of myth, reality, societal insecurity and politics of crises are: the people of India are frustrated over ineffective governance and rightly so since the last sixty years and it continues after 365 days of the Modi Government and 100 days of the Kejriwal Government; corruption hits hard to most of the people of India and it still continues to do so; dynastic politics is not acceptable to anyone anymore and so is the individualistic politics of one man's vision of development; there always was a lack of inclusive politics and development and it continues being so; there is a need to unpack all the promoted models of development, be it the Gujarat one or anywhere else; underdog branding has always worked in the past and again it worked in India and finally, we must submit that there is nothing wrong with this branding provided the underdogs rise, awake and do not become a part of the same saga of failed development. We have all waited for the last sixty years and are still waiting since the last 365 days and 100 days to look forward to a real and not the fetish of a "minimum government and maximum governance" fad.


text:
Software Architect Blaise Agüera y Arcas
By Betsy Shepherd
Betsy Shepherd interviews software designer Blaise Agüera y Arcas, the architect of Bing Maps and Bing Mobile.
Blaise Agüera y Arcas
We're always trying to understand and we're always trying to make. And a lot of that really boils down to what life is all about.
Blaise Agüera y Arcas is a designer and imagery expert who has worked on augmented reality, mapping, wearable computing, and natural user interfaces.
He was the co-creator of Photosynth, a software that assembles photos into 3D environments, and he created Seadragon, a visualization technology.
Previously he was an engineer at Microsoft, where he led a team of researchers and engineers with strengths in wearable computing, interaction design, digital maps, computer vision and graphics. He now works on machine learning at Google.
The MIT Technology Review named him as one of the top 35 innovators in the world under the age of 35.
Betsy Shepherd, Blaise Agüera y Arcas, MIT Technology Review, Photosynth, Seadragon
Nature Photographer James Balog
Minicomics Creator John Porcellino
Avant-garde Film Scholar Joan Hawkins
Hollywood Director and Film Professor Jeremy Kagan
Music Writers Jessica Hopper and Eric Weisbard

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
mark sinker
how not to write about extreme metal, probably
mark sinker • Hidden Landscapes • 8 comments • 376 views
[This post originally went up at my PATREON: subscribers get to read posts and hear podcasts early — and help offset costs and time and help me do more of this kind of thing. Please share widely and encourage participation in the comments!]
"It might seem like ham-strung vaudeville from a media-saturated Western outlook, but this internationalised language of stock rebellion and theatrical posturing clearly resonates for youth in Indonesia, Malaysia or Singapore, and offers comfort and dignity to those still; ambivalent about buying into the post-feudal-/colonial environment that's being rapidly constructed round them" — Kean Wong on metal in South-East Asia, and how it was interacting with political Islam, 'Metallic Gleam', The Wire 110, April 1993
Back in the mid-80s, my NME colleague Dele Fadele and I had a shorthand: 'Nigerian Heavy Metal'. Of course there's plenty of African metal around today, and this no longer seems even a faintly counter-intuitive idea – but even though it already existed (so Dele said), there seemed enough of an absurd tinge to this fact for it to seem useful to us.
Of course the seeming absurdity is in retrospect a tell, which was exactly the point from our POV. It's a shorthand for a mockery emanating from the critical community and culture both we shared (meaning an NME-type hivemind)
3 and 9 could show you any fantasy
mark sinker • FT + Hidden Landscapes • 4 comments • 201 views
Sometimes I wonder if it all ended on 2 November 1982, the night Channel 4 began. Silver Screen, the NME film and TV section, was edited by Monty Smith then – and almost everything about C4 in its first instance seemed perfectly pre-designed to suit the Silver Screen worldview. Except of course Silver Screen's internal logic and tone demanded a response at once slantwise and happily disrespectful. This tone was largely set by 'On the Box', a what-to-watch-out-for summary of coming TV schedules, which was a tiny ruled-off square of page adjusted weekly to fit available space, full of two-sentence film squibs written at speed, a dozen at most, more likely half that. As a workaround for extreme space limitation, it had begun to evolve into a kind of script, a long-running skit full of intra-office chitchat about specific personal tastes (who liked Herzog, who preferred Hitchcock), its sense of humour derived from deep expertise lightly worn. It was reacting, as often as not, against assumptions made and attitudes struck in other film publications, with authority treated more as a pratfall than a value – and its tone, smart and playful, judgmental and unfooled, helped entice you the reader into discovering more. You sensed that if you paid attention week-on-week, you got a lot more joy from it, and knowledge too [Footnote 1].
they laugh a lot (behind the clean door)
mark sinker • Hidden Landscapes • 1 comment • 252 views
Reviewing "Clean –– One woman's story of addiction, recovery and the removal of stubborn stains", by Michele Kirsch (Short Books, ISBN 978-78072-381-5)
Several years back I was grousing to a pal about a new book by a clever and successful mutual acquaintance, a history that encroaches on territory I had one day hoped to stake out (but of course I have done nothing about this, since my pop timing is always terrible). My gripe is this: music writers endlessly re-interview the wrong people — or more precisely, never enough of the right people. Revisit the original moves and shakers and they mainly double down on what went over well the first the time, especially conceptually. Which is the way a moment of open possibility get congealed back into cliché. "If you want to know what a radical scene's actually about," I airily declared to my chum, "you should talk to the club's hat-check girl."
when the gang chooses you: or how the
puffin club turned me into a punk rocker
This is a lightly edited extract from a piece I wrote for Frank Kogan's fanzine WHY MUSIC SUCKS (#11, pub.June 1997). The topic was "My First Record"; some of the tone is me not quite sure at that time who I am as a writer any more, especially in this context. All the square-bracket interpolations and footnoted annotations are new.
[…] The first LP I bought was almost certainly Slapp Happy's Slapp Happy [in 1976]. It was on bargain offer in a local shop, and I remember the grins on the faces of the shop girls when I took it off their hands. But it was very nearly – which would have been hilarious – Metal Machine Music, which was in the same bargain bin. For some reason I decided against MMM. I think that I decided it was too popular: or – since this makes no sense – that someone I knew would have bought it, so I didn't need to.
the other kind of industrial
mark sinker • Hidden Landscapes • Post a comment • 620 views
Like many teenagers in the UK 40+ years ago, my non-school culture was basically two things: the music weeklies and strikes. One time my late colleague Steven Wells was reviewing a biography of Richard Branson for NME (Mick Brown's I assume, published in 1988). "The 70s were a bad time for strikes," said the book. No! wrote Swellsy, angrily and hilariously, the 70s were a BRILLIANT time for strikes. Management wrong, workers right, the side without resources flexing its collective muscle, the three-day week, no electricity for days on end, no one clears away the rubbish or even the dead… sorry, but for any distrustful, easily distracted young person this was all just great, as well as perfectly and morally correct.
"ITES, REEL"
Being a melancholy appreciation on his passing of this nation's pioneering reggae writer: the great PENNY REEL
"Sing great song, down inna Babylon, show them your culture, down inna Babylon"
— 'M.P.L.A.', Tapper Zukie
It was October 1978, and the NME interview-feature was titled 'The Keith Hudson Affair: A Dread Tale'. It was written by Penny Reel, it was about this same singer-producer, Keith Hudson — who had of course worked with Ken Boothe, John Holt, Delroy Wilson and King Tubby's toaster-DJ U-Roy, as well as Big Youth — and it launched into itself as follows:
"ONE NIGHT I AM standing outside the Jamaican pattie shop in Portobello Road partaking of the same when a car pulls up on the street and from it emerge certain characters from Kilburn by the name of Militant Barrington, Tapper Zukie and Jah Lacey, which is by no means an unusual combination to see, as these are very intimate idren and frequently keep each other's company, except that now there is a fourth person with them in the rear approach, one known as King Saul.
how not to write about jazz, probably
A week or three back, my old ilxor pal Kerr put up a list of jazz genres on FB and asked his followers who could define them. And bcz we're dicks, we gave him a dusty answer (mine, in full, was "I can!"). We played mean games; we suggested he google. And so he did — fair play — and of course the joke was on us, bcz the results (wikipedia!) were terrible, full of error and sententious assumption. Some true claims — especially in the endless lists — mixed in with much confused nonsense and (wikipedia!) inapposite citation.
My dusty answer wasn't just about being a dick: Kerr's question had landed right on top of something that's bothered me for decades. Which is why people often write so badly about jazz — including people who know a lot about it (a lot more than me anyway). They can get the facts right — the chords, the analysis — but then miss the point. They write well about the players' lives and character, and about the feel. But when they write about what the musicians actually think they're doing, and think about what they're doing, it all goes cock-eyed and dull — as if being fully conversant with musical technique and terminology acts as some kind of huge mental block.
what even is a review?
mark sinker • Hidden Landscapes • 16 comments • 818 views
It's 1971, and here's Nick Tosches reviewing Black Sabbath's Paranoid in Rolling Stone. A friend (hi Kerr!) linked it on Facebook, alongside the cheerful question Is this the worst ever review of all time? Almost all of the 500 words are mood-conjuring the look and hideous feel of an occult orgy, little to nothing is said about the LP in question, or any other, and in fact the piece ends by misidentifying the singer as Kip Treavor, misspelled frontman of Sabbath's rival satanic-themed rock band Black Widow (it's actually Kip Trevor): "The boy whips out a 10″ personal vibrator, adorned in waterproof acrylics with the image of the Nazarene. He intones the words NUK KHENSU TENTEN NEBU and approaches her intendant fundament… impletion… across the room the fresh corpse of an illegitimate hippie baby is dis-impaled from the ceremonial sword of Baphomet. The myrrh is extinguished with the collected saliva of priests listening to tales of carnal abuse in warm, dark confessionals. The Shadaic numinae are chalked over with the mirrored sign of Ariael, the 11 rubies returned to the vessel of Dione."
But all the same I'm going to say, no, there are many many MANY worse reviews, and here's why.
all the world on one short shelf — remembering roy carr
Putting together a collective history for a project like this, of something you were at one time near the heart of, inevitably ends up being a series of missed opportunities. Roy Carr, late of NME, died at the weekend, aged only 73 — and I'm sad because I knew him for a while and he was a nice man, always friendly and funny and just boundlessly enthusiastic. He 's emblematic to me of a time I have complicated feelings and personal regrets about, and now I find myself wishing I hadn't taken his talents and his presence for granted when I worked alongside him. Even in the 80s he was an institution: I should have grabbed my chance and sat him down and got some stories out of him. Everyone in journalism has stories of course, but he had a thousand, going right back into the early 60s, and they were generally hilarious and scurrilous and some of them could never be told publicly.
from iceberg to titanic, and from titanic to iceberg, and from iceberg to titanic again…
… but already it was impossible to say which was which (or sometimes you get what you pray for — and it isn't really quite what you wanted: the MICK FARREN story)
[This post originally went up at my PATREON: subscribers get to read posts and hear podcasts early — and help offset costs and time and help me do more of this kind of thing. Please share widely and encourage participation!]
Hazel asked me in podcast 3 (the punk one) to name two pieces of punk writing that had had an impact on me as I first began to buy and read the music papers, so naturally I plumped for two pieces that ran somewhat before that (meaning, I suppose, that though I wasn't thinking of this as I named them, that the impact was as large as it was despite being indirect). One was Tony Parsons' 'Thinking Man's Yobs' NME cover story on The Clash from March 1977, a key marker in punk's evolution: from here on, the music mattered because it was political, the voice of unschooled dole-queue youth — or at least you had to push back hard if you wanted to read it another way) [Footnote 1]. The second is from nine months early, same paper, June 1976: Mick Farren's polemic 'The Titanic Sails at Dawn'.
writer and editor bit by bit fashioning a history of the UK music press HERE https://www.patreon.com/marksink3r/posts
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three x three (SPOILERS BELOW FOLD)
pogo in yr bedroom!!
modern finance: the subprime debacle as a failed heath-robinson* contraption
really easy fish soup
the mind under the bridge
The Periodic Table of Metal
why am i not surprised >:(
TAKE THE BRAIN: we explore and support the concept of STUPID CHESS
what prunes are for = AWESOME EASY MOROCCAN LAMB TAGINE
prøg pub tribunal: jerüsalem årty choke division
featuring the return of... GUESS MY THEORY!!
the shock of the library: oasis versus all of art and culture
cheese that's good to fry
Kym Marsh vs Jonathan King
THE FT TOP 100 TRACKS OF ALL TIME No. 33: Echo and the Bunnymen - The Cutter
I am the 0.00000001 percent
The Freaky Trigger Top 100 Tracks Of All Time: No. 57 ELVIS COSTELLO & THE ATTRACTIONS - "Oliver's Army"
THE FT TOP 23 STRANGE PHENOMENA No. 5 The Mystery of Easter Island
THE CHRONICLES OF NARNIA PART 2: PRINCE CASPIAN or WHOS' GOT THE HORN?
THE FT TOP 100 TRACKS OF ALL TIME No.70
Weedy Eighties White People Singing About Soul Stars #3: China Crisis – "Black Man Ray"
26 Jan 2004 "Black Man Ray" is Ray Charles, who China Crisis apparently believe in. Now Ray Charles' blackness is not a secret, so why did China Crisis see fit to remind us of it on their incomprehensibly awful single? My theories: i) They were talking about the photographer Man Ray, and asserting that he was black. Which […]
Selling In The Name Of
15 Dec 2009 One of the things that's fascinating about the UK Top 40 is that a device designed to be a pure expression of popularity also works as a reflection of so many other things. People buy songs: if enough people buy a song it gets into the charts, or to #1. Simple! But so simple that […]
The Usual Excuses
2 Feb 2001 The Usual Excuses Bowery Electric's "Freedom Fighter" is bewitching and worrying, and not just because it was made by a band I'd put down as America's most useless. In fact the beat Bowery Electric use on "Freedom Fighter" sounds as familiar as ever, but that for once works in the song's favour, in the same […]
MICHAEL JACKSON – "Billie Jean"
18 May 2009 #516, 5th March 1983 Michael Jackson came to the title "King of Pop" in the style of a medieval ruler, carving out his realm piece by piece across a hard year of campaigning. He won some of his new subjects when he performed this song as part of a Motown anniversary special: others when he […]
I WAS A GOBLIN: Encyclopaedia Goblinica
25 Jul 2006 Or: Games I Have Known. For the sake of my patience and yours, I have mostly restricted this to games I either owned or played – ones where I read a friends' rulebooks and only dimly remember have been ignored, with a couple of notable exceptions. If you want to know more about any of these, […]
13 Feb 2000 England is DIFFERENT (or SPECIAL if you want to be polite) to everywhere else for many reasons, but one is because our music "industry" (it's not an industry – making baked beans is an industry, and nobody does THAT in their spare time, writes fanzines about it or has them poured over themselves at weddings. […]
Which of the following is not a pie?
28 Nov 2004 i. shepherd's/cottage pie ii. cheese flan/pizza iii. scotch egg iv. boiled egg actually i am not going to bother you w.all the ins and outs of the GREBT PIE DEBATE, as i wz not in on its inception, and besides the militia are now formed and a stiff crackdown ordered on heretics and dissidents. Hunting […]
THE SWEET - "Block Buster"
SLADE - "Cum On Feel The Noize"
DONNY OSMOND - "The Twelfth Of Never"
GILBERT O'SULLIVAN - "Get Down"
TONY ORLANDO AND DAWN - "Tie A Yellow Ribbon Round The Old Oak Tree"
WIZZARD - "See My Baby Jive"
SUZI QUATRO - "Can The Can"
10CC - "Rubber Bullets"
SLADE - "Skweeze Me Pleeze Me"
PETERS AND LEE - "Welcome Home"
GARY GLITTER - "I'm The Leader Of The Gang (I Am)"
DONNY OSMOND - "Young Love"
WIZZARD - "Angel Fingers"
THE SIMON PARK ORCHESTRA - "Eye Level"
DAVID CASSIDY - "Daydreamer" / "The Puppy Song"
GARY GLITTER - "I Love You Love Me Love"
SLADE - "Merry Xmas Everybody"


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Exodus 31:10 Cross References
« Exodus 31:9 |	Exodus 31:11 » | Compare: NIV, KJV, NLT, NKJV, NRSV, ESV | Cross references home
and the finely worked garments, the holy garments for Aaron the priest and the garments of his sons, for their service as priests,
Numbers 4:5-14
When the camp is to set out, Aaron and his sons shall go in and take down the veil of the screen and cover the ark of the testimony with it. Then they shall put on it a covering of goatskin and spread on top of that a cloth all of blue, and shall put in its poles. And over the table of the bread of the Presence they shall spread a cloth of blue and put on it the plates, the dishes for incense, the bowls, and the flagons for the drink offering; the regular showbread also shall be on it. Then they shall spread over them a cloth of scarlet and cover the same with a covering of goatskin, and shall put in its poles. And they shall take a cloth of blue and cover the lampstand for the light, with its lamps, its tongs, its trays, and all the vessels for oil with which it is supplied.
And Moses brought Aaron's sons and clothed them with coats and tied sashes around their waists and bound caps on them, as the Lord commanded Moses.
Leviticus 8:7-8
And he put the coat on him and tied the sash around his waist and clothed him with the robe and put the ephod on him and tied the skillfully woven band of the ephod around him, binding it to him with the band. And he placed the breastpiece on him, and in the breastpiece he put the Urim and the Thummim.
From the blue and purple and scarlet yarns they made finely woven garments, for ministering in the Holy Place. They made the holy garments for Aaron, as the Lord had commanded Moses. He made the ephod of gold, blue and purple and scarlet yarns, and fine twined linen. And they hammered out gold leaf, and he cut it into threads to work into the blue and purple and the scarlet yarns, and into the fine twined linen, in skilled design. They made for the ephod attaching shoulder pieces, joined to it at its two edges. And the skillfully woven band on it was of one piece with it and made like it, of gold, blue and purple and scarlet yarns, and fine twined linen, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
"Then bring near to you Aaron your brother, and his sons with him, from among the people of Israel, to serve me as priests—Aaron and Aaron's sons, Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. And you shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother, for glory and for beauty. You shall speak to all the skillful, whom I have filled with a spirit of skill, that they make Aaron's garments to consecrate him for my priesthood. These are the garments that they shall make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a coat of checker work, a turban, and a sash. They shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother and his sons to serve me as priests. They shall receive gold, blue and purple and scarlet yarns, and fine twined linen.


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International Rules (Twenty20)You are here: Home » International » International Rules (Twenty20)
Playing Conditions for 1st Twenty-20 Cricket World Cup for the Blind, Dec 2012 India
In this document He, His, Him, Player, Batsman Fielder, and Bowler all refer to both genders.
Please note that rules of cricket that have not been covered in the Following playing conditions will be applicable as per the current W.B.C.C and M.C.C. Rules of Cricket.
WBCC rules: It refers to current WBCC International Cricket playing rules Core Document 2.
Ratified October: 2005
Second Revision: January 2007
Updated: May 2007.
Quote from the MCC Laws of cricket 2003
"Cricket is a game that owes much of its unique appeal to the fact that it should be played not only within its Laws but also within the Spirit of the Game. Any action which is seen to abuse this spirit causes injury to the game itself. The major responsibility for ensuring the spirit of fair play rests with the captains.
There are two Laws which place the responsibility for the team's conduct firmly on the captain.
Responsibility of captains
The captains are responsible at all times for ensuring that play is conducted within the Spirit of the Game as well as within the Laws.
1. Players' conduct
In the event of a player failing to comply with instructions by an umpire, or criticising by word or action the decisions of an umpire, or showing dissent, or generally behaving in a manner which might bring the game into disrepute, the umpire concerned shall in the first place report the matter to the other umpire and to the player's captain, and instruct the latter to take action.
2. Fair and unfair play
According to the Laws the umpires are the sole judges of fair and unfair play. The umpires may intervene at any time and it is the responsibility of the captain to take action where required.
The umpires are authorised to intervene in cases of:
• Time wasting
• Damaging the pitch
• Dangerous or unfair bowling
• Tampering with the ball
• Any other action that they consider to be unfair
The Spirit of the Game involves RESPECT for:
• Your opponents
• Your own captain and team
• The role of the umpires
• The game's traditional values
It is against the Spirit of the Game:
• To dispute an umpire's decision by word, action or gesture
• To direct abusive language towards an opponent or umpire
• To indulge in cheating or any sharp practice, for instance:
(a) To appeal knowing that the batsman is not out
(b) To advance towards an umpire in an aggressive manner when appealing
(c) To seek to distract an opponent either verbally or by harassment with persistent clapping or unnecessary noise under the guise of enthusiasm and motivation of one's own side.
Violence:
• There is no place for any act of violence on the field of play.
Players, Captains and umpires together set the tone for the conduct of a cricket match. Every player is expected to make an important contribution to this."
1. The Team and Players
2. Sight Classification
3. Identifying Classification on the Field Of Play
4. The Composition of the Team
5. The Umpires
6. The Scorers
7. Twenty 20 World Cup Competition Rules
8. Twenty 20 Rules of Play
9. Fielding Restrictions
10. The Substitutes and Runners
11. The Over
12. The Scoring and Penalty's
13. The Catch
14. Dismissals
15. The Wide Ball
16. The No Ball
17. The Pitch
18. The Bat
19. The Ball
20. The Wickets
21. Protective Clothing
22. The Batsman
23. The Bowling and the Bowler
24. The Wicket Keeper
Appendix 1 - Black-Out glasses rules of use
The teams and players
A match will be played between two teams of 11 players', comprising:
A minimum of:
4 totally blind players (B1s)
3 partially blind players (B2s)
A maximum of:
4 partially sighted players (B3s)
B1 Players
No light perception in either eye up to light perception, but inability to recognise shape of a hand at any distance or in any direction.
From ability to recognise the shape of the hand up to a visual acuity of 2/60 or visual field of less than five degrees in the better eye after correction.
From visual acuity above 2/60 up to visual acuity of 6/60 or a visual field of less than 20 degrees in better eye after correction.
B1 Players will be distinguished on the field of play by a white wrist band to be worn on the right wrist.
B2 Players will be distinguished on the field of play by a red wrist band to be worn on the right wrist.
B3 Players will be distinguished on the field of play by a blue wrist band to be worn on the right wrist.
4.1. Team sheets must be handed to the umpires before the toss and must include the following information:
4.1.1. The team of 11 players including their sight category.
4.1.2. A 12th man from each sight category.
4.1.3. A list of runners.
5.1. For the World Cup, the organisers and the participating countries will arrange for umpires that are acceptable to the participating teams. A match will have to be officiated by two umpires and a match referee. The umpires and referee will have to be well versed with the Current MCC laws of cricket and also with the WBCC International playing rules. WBCC will assign matches to the Umpires.
5.2. Officiating umpires must audibly call the number of runs scored after each scoring shot or sundries scored. This is in conjunction with the visual signals they make to the scorers.
The organisers will arrange for the scorers for the match. However a representative of both the teams participating in the match will be required to assist the scorer to identify the players and help keep the score.
7. Twenty-20 World Cup Competition Rules
7.1. The World Cup will be played on Round Robin.
7.1.1. Points awarded
3 Points for a win
1 Point for a draw or tie
7.1.2. Any game not played for any reason will result in the game being declared a tie and both teams will be awarded 1 point each.
7.1.3. In the event of tied scores after both teams have faced their quota of overs, if weather conditions may permit then one over per side eliminator (super over) (see clause 7.3) will determine the winner. If the teams are still level then the game will be declared a draw and both teams will receive 1 point each.
7.1.4. Points tables
The finishing place of any team on the points table will be as follows:
1. Higher number of points
2. If equal, higher number of wins
3. If still equal, net run rate
4. If still equal, result of head to head meeting.
5. If still equal, Wickets lost
The top 4 teams on the points table will meet in 2 semi finals.
Team 1 will play with Team 4
7.1.6. Finals day
Finals day will consist of the two semi finals and the final
7.2. The semi final and final
7.2.1. The semi final
If a Semi-Final is tied, the teams shall compete in a one over per side eliminator to determine which team progresses to the final (see clause 7.3).
If following a tie, weather conditions prevent the one over eliminator from being completed, or if the match is a no result, then the team that finished in the higher position in the Group stage shall proceed to the final.
7.2.2. The final
In the event of a tied final, the teams shall compete in a one over per side eliminator to determine which team is the winner. (See clause 7.3)
If weather conditions prevent the one over eliminator from being completed, or if the match is a no result, the teams will be declared joint winner.
7.3. One Over Per Side Eliminator
The following procedure will apply should the provision for a one over per side eliminator be adopted,
7.3.1. Subject to weather conditions the one over per side eliminator will take place on the scheduled day of the match at a time to be determined by the Match Referee. In normal circumstances it shall commence 10 minutes after the conclusion of the match.
7.3.2. The one over per side eliminator will take place on the pitch allocated for the match (the designated pitch) unless otherwise determined by the umpires in consultation with the ground authority.
7.3.3. Prior to the commencement of the one over per side eliminator each team elects three batsmen and one bowler. Only nominated players in the main match may participate in the one over per side eliminator. Should any player (including the batsmen and bowler) be unable to continue to participate in the one over per side eliminator due to injury, illness or other wholly acceptable reason, the relevant Laws and Playing Conditions (see clause 10.9 below) as they apply in the main match shall also apply in the one over per side eliminator
7.3.4. The nominated players will be given in writing to the Umpires.
7.3.5. The umpires shall stand at the same end as that in which they finished the match.
7.3.6. In both innings of the one over per side eliminator, the fielding side shall choose from which end to bowl.
7.3.7. Each team's over is played with the same fielding restrictions as apply for a non-fielding restriction over in a normal T20 International match.
7.3.8. The team batting second in the match will bat first in the one over eliminator.
7.3.9. The same ball (or a ball of a similar age if the original ball is out of shape or lost) as used at the end of the team's innings shall be used for the "extra" over.
7.3.10. The loss of two wickets in the over ends the team's one over innings.
7.3.11. In the event of the teams having the same score after the one over per side eliminator has been completed, the team whose batsmen score the most number of boundaries from its two innings in both the main match and the one over per side eliminator shall be the winner.
7.3.12. If the number of boundaries hit by both teams is equal, the team whose batsmen scored more boundaries during its innings in the main match (ignoring the over per side eliminator) shall be the winner.
7.3.13. If still equal, a count-back from the final ball of the one over eliminator shall be conducted. The team with the higher scoring delivery shall be the winner. If a team loses two wickets during its over, then any unbowled deliveries will be counted as dot balls. Note that for this purpose, the runs scored from a delivery is defined as the total team runs scored since the completion of the previous legitimate ball, i.e including any runs resulting from wides, no ball or penalty runs.
Runs scored from Team 1 Team 2
Ball 6 1 1
In this example both teams scored an equal number of runs from the 6th and 5th ball of their innings. However team 1 scored 2 runs from its 4th ball while team 2 scored a single so team 1 is the winner.
8.1. All Totally Blind (B1) Players that take to the field at any time during the match (batting, bowling and fielding) are required to wear non-transparent Black-Out Glasses which will be provided by WBCC. The rules of usage of Blackout glasses, inspection and penalty are elaborated in Appendix-1.
8.2. Duration of each inning will be ninety five minutes (95Minutes) including one drinks break of 5 minutes after 10 overs. There will be a twenty (20) minute break between innings.
8.3. The umpires may add time to the innings at their discretion (injury or any other unscheduled delay) and shall inform the added time to both team captains.
8.4. The team batting first shall have their full quota of overs available to them even if the schedule time for the completion of the innings has been reached. The team batting second will also have their full quota of overs available to them unless at the due time for the match to finish the team batting second has exceeded a winning score (once penalty runs have been added). No penalty runs will be added to the score of the team batting second until the scheduled time for the completion of the innings has been reached. (See clause 12.6).
8.5. For a match to be valid it shall have to be a minimum of 5 over's a side.
8.6. If the team batting first has completed its innings and the match has to be stopped while the second team is still batting, then the match shall be valid only if second team has batted for at least 5 over's.
8.7. The comparative scores of both teams till the stage the team batting second has played will be considered. The team with the better score will be the winner. If the scores are level and weather conditions may permit, then teams shall compete in one over per side eliminator (OOPSE) to determine the winner, otherwise the game will be declared a draw and both teams will receive 1 point each.
8.8. When calculating after a delayed start or interruption due to adverse weather conditions, 1 over shall be lost for every 4 and a half minutes lost.
9.1. For the first 6 over's of each innings only 2 fielders shall be allowed to field outside the inner cercal.
9.1.1. In circumstances when the number of overs of the batting team is reduced, the number of Fielding Restriction Overs shall be reduced in accordance with the table below. For the sake of clarity, it should be noted that the table shall apply to both the 1st and 2nd innings of the match.
min 5 overs 1 over restriction
5 to 8 overs 2 overs restriction
9 to 11 overs 3 overs restriction
12 to 14 overs 4 overs restriction
9.1.2. If an innings is interrupted during an over and if on the resumption of play, due to the reduced number of overs of the batting team, the required numbers of Fielding Restriction Overs have already been bowled, the remaining deliveries in the over to be completed shall not be subject to the fielding restrictions.
9.1.3. In the event of an infringement of any of the above fielding restrictions, the square leg umpire shall call and signal 'No Ball'.
9.2. For the remainder of the innings a maximum of 5 fielders shall be allowed to field outside the inner circle.
9.3. At the instant of delivery, no more than 5 fielders are permitted on the leg side.
10.1. A B1 batsman shall have a runner and a B2 batsman has the option of a runner. However, a batsman who opted for a runner cannot act as runner for another batsman.
10.2. A runner is allowed to be changed only if all the other players are out.
10.3. Any nominated runner can run for as many batsmen as the Captain chooses.
10.4. When a batsman is at the striker's end his runner must not stand closer than ten feet measured from middle stump. Broken white line markings shall be drawn to make an area which measures ten feet from the middle stump on both leg side and off side. This line is so marked to indicate that any runner for a batsman must stand beyond this line.
10.5. The fielding captain may ask the runner to stand on the other side of the pitch if necessary.
10.6. If a B1 fielder goes off the field, he can be substituted only by a B1 fielder.
10.7. A B2 fielder can be substituted by a B2 or a B1 fielder.
10.8. A B3 fielder can be substituted by a B1/B2 or a B3 fielder.
10.9. If a fielder fails to take the field with his side at the start of the match or at any later time, or leaves the field during a session of play, the umpire shall be informed of the reason for his absence, and he shall not thereafter come on to the field during a session of play without the consent of the umpire. The umpire shall give such consent as soon as practicable.
(a) If the player is absent from the field for longer than 8 minutes:
10.9.1 The player shall not be permitted to bowl in that innings after his return until he has been on the field for at least that length of playing time for which he was absent.
10.9.2 the player shall not be permitted to bat unless or until, in the aggregate, he has returned to the field and/or his side's innings has been in progress for at least that length of playing time for which he has been absent or, if earlier, when his side has lost five wickets.
10.9.3 The restrictions in Clauses 10.9.1 and 10.9.2 above shall not apply if the player has suffered an external blow (as opposed to an internal injury such as a pulled muscle) whilst participating earlier in the match and consequently been forced to leave the field. Nor shall it apply if the player has been absent for very exceptional and wholly acceptable reasons (other than injury or illness).
10.9.4 In the event of a fielder already being off the field at the commencement of an interruption in play through ground, weather or light conditions or for other exceptional circumstances, he shall be allowed to count any such stoppage time as playing time, provided that he personally informs the umpires when he is fit enough to take the field had play been in progress. Similarly, if at the commencement of an interruption in play through ground, weather or light conditions or for other exceptional circumstances, a player is on the field but still has some unexpired penalty time remaining from a previous absence, he shall automatically be allowed to count any such stoppage time as playing time
An over would consist of six legitimate balls, excluding wides and no balls.
12.1. All runs scored off the bat by a B1 batsman shall be doubled and will be credited to the batsman.
12.2. No balls will have a penalty of one run plus what has been scored.
12.3. There will be a Free Hit after no balls caused by foot-fault.
12.3.1. The delivery following a no ball called for a foot fault shall be a free hit for whichever batsman is facing it. If the delivery for the free hit is not a legitimate delivery (any kind of no ball or a wide ball), then the next delivery will become a free hit for whichever batsman is facing it.
12.3.2. For any free hit, the striker can be dismissed only under the circumstances that apply for a no ball, even if the delivery for the free hit is called wide ball.
12.3.3. Field changes are not permitted for free hit deliveries unless there is a change of striker.
12.3.4. The umpires will signal a free hit by (after the normal No Ball signal) extending one arm straight upwards and moving it in a circular motion.
12.4. For any free hit, the striker can be dismissed only under the circumstances that apply for a no ball, even if the delivery for the free hit is called wide ball. As per M.C.C Law 24.15 on a no ball a batsman can be dismissed run out, handling the ball, hitting the ball twice and obstructing the field.
12.5. If in the opinion of the umpire the batting team is purposefully wasting the time then Umpires will warn the batsmen and batting team captain, on the repeated offence in the same innings, Umpire will impose a 5 runs penalty for time wasting by the batsmen and runs shall be credited in the bowling team score.
12.6. The final over of an innings must commence before the stipulated playing time has elapsed. In the event of a team failing to commence bowling the final over of an innings within the stipulated playing time, the umpires will apply penalty runs. Before applying penalty runs the umpires must first add any lost time to the scheduled time for the completion of the innings (see clause 8.3). Penalty runs will be added to the batting team's score when the bowling team has an over or more to bowl after the scheduled playing time has elapsed. Penalty runs will be added to an innings as follows:
10 runs will be added to the batting team's score for every whole B1 over that has not been bowled within the scheduled time
6 runs will be added to the batting team's score for every whole B2 and B3 over that has not been bowled within the scheduled time
Umpires must inform the bowling team's Captain of the time remaining to complete the innings at the drinks break. A warning must be issued to the Captain of the bowling team about possible penalty runs due to slow over rates if, at any time, the Umpires feel that the required overs are unlikely to be bowled within the scheduled time. The Umpires will advise the batsmen of the possibility of penalties being awarded and a further warning will be given to the Captain of the bowling side at the beginning of the over immediately before the end of scheduled time if this is not the final over of the innings. Penalty runs awarded for overs not bowled during the scheduled time will immediately accrue to the batting side's total. If the side batting second is credited with runs in this way and this consequently takes their score past that of the side batting first then the match shall be deemed to be won by the side batting second.
For example: Team batting first scored 200, Team batting second has scored 195 at the completion of the second last scheduled over of the innings: If, after adding time lost, the scheduled playing time has passed and the bowling team still has one B2/B3 over to bowl to complete the required overs, the Umpires will award 6 runs to the batting team. The Scorer's will immediately add the 6 runs to the batting team's score. With the addition of the 6 runs the team batting second now has a total of 201. The umpires will immediately call the match won. In another way, the team batting second is chasing 200 runs and has scored 192 runs while two overs remaining (i.e 9 runs required in two overs) and the Umpires feel that the last over of B2/B3 couldn't be bowled within the scheduled time, then he will inform the Fielding Captain and batmen regarding the penalty of 6 runs being awarded to batting side and when the remaining 3 runs will be achieved (whether in 2nd last or in the last over) the match will be stopped and team batting 2nd will be declared winner.
12.7. Timed Out:
12.7.1. Any Incoming batsman that does not have a runner must be in position to take guard or for their partner to be ready to receive the next ball with in 1 minute and 30 seconds after the fall of the previous wicket. Failure to do so will result in the incoming batsman being given out by the umpire, Timed Out. The incoming batsman is expected to be ready to make his way to the wicket immediately a wicket falls.
12.7.2. Any Incoming batsman that requires a runner must be in position to take guard or for their partner to be ready to receive the next ball within 2 minutes after the fall of the previous wicket. Failure to do so will result in the incoming batsman being given out by the umpire, Timed Out. The incoming batsman is expected to be ready to make his way to the wicket immediately a wicket falls.
A "one bounce" catch by a B1 player will result in the batsman being given out.
A batsman can be out in all the ways as laid down in the Current MCC laws of cricket. The batsman can be given out if he is bowled, caught , lbw, stumped, run out, hit wicket, handling the ball, hitting the ball twice, obstructing the field, timed out and retired out under MCC Law 2.9.
15.1. The Current MCC laws of cricket for a wide ball shall apply, that is: If the bowler bowls the ball so high over the wicket that, in the opinion of the umpire it passes out of reach of the striker, standing in a normal guard position, the umpire shall call and signal a wide ball as soon as it has passed the line of the striker's wicket.
15.2. Balls bowled outside the wide ball lines shall be called a wide by the umpire.
15.3. If the bowler consistently bowls down the leg side then the umpire may call a wide at their discretion.
15.4. The umpire shall not adjudge a ball as being a wide if:
15.4.1. The striker, by moving from his guard position, causes the ball to pass out of his reach.
15.4.2. The striker moves and thus brings the ball within his reach.
16.1. Any no ball being called by the umpire will result in 1 run being added to the batting team.
16.2. The bowling has to be underarm. At the point of delivery the arm has to be below the shoulder. Failure of this will result in a no ball being called.
16.3. The ball has to bounce once on either side of the mid pitch line before it reaches the batting crease. Failure to do so will result in a no ball being called.
16.4. If while bowling the ball bounces inside or on the popping crease then it results in a no ball being called.
16.5. If a bowler crosses the popping crease with his front foot at the point of delivery, a no ball will be called. This will also result in a free hit.(See clause 12.3 and 12.4)
16.6. If the bowler delivers with both hands then it will result in a no ball being called.
16.7. The bowler has to say "ready?" to the batsman when he is set to bowl. To which the batsman has to respond by calling out "yes". At the point of delivery the bowler must say "play". Failure to do so will result in a no ball being called. A no ball will also be called if the call of "play" is in the opinion of the umpire, early or late.
16.8. The bowler may not call the wicket keeper again for direction once the batsman has responded that he is ready, any calling by either bowler or wicket keeper after will result in a no ball being called.
16.9. No fielder shall dive, or lie down unless in the opinion of the umpire they are making a genuine attempt to field the ball. Violation of this rule or amendments to Law 41 (Current M.C.C laws of cricket) will result in a no ball being called.
16.10. If in the opinion of the umpire the bowler is deliberately taking more time between his saying "ready" and the actual delivery, with the view to confuse the batsman, then the umpire can decide to call a no ball.
16.11. If the delivery bowled by the bowler strikes a fielder before it has reached the batsman, then it will be called a no ball.
16.12. The bowler must notify the umpire as to whether he is going to bowl over the wicket or round the wicket and whether he is going to bowl with his left hand or right hand. The umpire must inform the batsman of the same. Failure of the bowler to notify the umpire would result in a no ball being called.
16.13. The umpire must inform the batsman if the bowler is bowling with or without a run up. In the case of a run up, the batsman should be informed of the length of the run up.
16.14. Any infringement of the Fielding Restrictions will result in a no ball being called by the umpire.
16.15. Both umpires may call a no ball.
17.1. All matches will be played on a surface mutually agreeable to the participating teams. Preference of the WBCC is always turf or synthetic grass surfaces.
17.2. The middle of the pitch has to be clearly marked with a full white (or any visible colour) line across.
17.3. Broken white (or any visible colour) line markings shall be drawn to make an area which measures ten feet from the middle stump on both leg side and off side. This line is so marked to indicate that any runner for a batsman must stand beyond this line.
17.4. The pitch is 22 yards long and 3 yards wide.
17.5. Wide ball markings are made at both ends of the pitch on either side of the wickets at a distance of 3 feet from Centre Stump.
17.6. The boundary shall be a minimum of 45 yards to a maximum of 50 yards measured from the centre stump in a complete half circle from each respective wicket and should be joined by parallel lines. Sufficient boundary markings should be made to help identify the boundaries. The boundary markings shall be made using a rope of one-inch thickness or a painted white line with coloured boundary markers.
17.7. An Inner circle of 20 yards be measured from the centre stump in a complete half circle from each respective wicket and should be joined by parallel lines. These markings should be a full or broken white line.
The regular cricket bat to be used with standard specifications.
The ball that is approved by the World Blind Cricket Council shall be used.
20.1. Each wicket shall consist of three wooden stumps, metal or plastic, if the match is being played on an artificial surface. The colour of the stumps shall be fluorescent orange or yellow.
20.2. Removable Bails will not be used in international blind cricket.
21.1. Whilst fielding all fielders are permitted to wear Helmet with Visor as protective clothing.
21.2. All runners are permitted to wear Batting Gloves, Helmet with Visor and Leg Guards as protection, even though the Batsman may not be wearing same.
21.3. The Batsman or Runner must wear any other protective clothing under their playing uniform.
22.1. A batsman while facing is required to stand on his feet with his bat held in his hand. He is free to keep the bat aloft or to place it on the ground while he bends over it.
22.2. The batsman is allowed to adapt his position once "play" is announced by the bowler.
23.1. 40% of over's bowled in a Twenty 20 game must be bowled by a B1 bowler.
23.2. No bowler shall bowl more than 1/5th or 20% or the total number of stipulated over's in the innings.
23.3. Where the total number of over's in an innings is not divisible by 5 then the maximum number of overs that can be bowled by a bowler shall be determined by dividing the total number of overs by 5 and adding one over, to bowlers quota to make up the remaining over's. For example, if the rescheduled number of overs is 17, then 2 bowlers can bowl maximum of 4 overs and other can bowl maximum of 3 overs but the 40% of the overs must be bowled by the B1 Bowler.
23.4. In the event of a bowler being unable to complete an over, another bowler will bowl the remaining balls. The incomplete over shall be counted as an over when it comes to counting the number of over's bowled by each of the bowlers who shared that particular over.
As Current MCC laws of cricket.
1. All B1 Players that take the field (cross the boundary line) at any time during a match must wear WBCC approved Black-Out Glasses
2. All Black-Out Glasses must be presented to the Tournament/Match Referee and Umpires for inspection and approval prior to the commencement of any match.
3. Umpires are to re inspect Black-Out Glasses as players enter the field of play to ensure the Black-Out Glasses are being worn correctly.
4. Black-Out Glasses may not be removed or adjusted during the period a player is on the field of play unless permission has been granted by one of the officiating umpires:
a) When permission has been granted, the player must face away from the pitch area whilst the Black-Out Glasses are adjusted or removed to wipe sweat away etc. The closest umpire must again inspect that the Black-Out Glasses are being worn correctly before play recommences.
5. If the Black-Out Glasses are broken or damaged at any time, they are to be immediately presented to the Match Referee or umpire for inspection and replacement if required.
6. After the conclusion of the match the Blackout glasses must be returned to Match Referee/Umpires.
Penalty for non compliance of the Black-Out Glasses Rules of Use:
1. If a player adjusts or removes the Black-Out Glasses whilst on the field of play without prior permission from one of the officiating umpires, an official warning is to be given to the offending player and Captain.
2. If the same player offends for a second time in the same match, a penalty of 5 runs is to be awarded to the opposing team.
3. If the same player offends for a third time in the same match, a further penalty of 10 runs is to be awarded to the opposing team and the offending player is no longer permitted to participate in the remainder of the match/tournament.


No one wants to drink bacteria, nitrates or toxic chemicals. So don't let these nasties find their way into the groundwater that you and your neighbors depend on.
Protecting Groundwater before it becomes contaminated is everyone's responsibility.
Your well creates a direct route to the groundwater below, so make sure you keep it in good shape. A rusted casing, broken seal or rotting well cap allows surface water — and anything it contains — to flow into your aquifer.
Location, location, location! To safeguard your groundwater, install your well far away from sources of contamination, like fuel storage tanks or septic systems.
Just like working wells, unused wells can contribute to groundwater contamination. If you have wells on your property that you're not using, decommission them properly.
The same is true for well pits. In the past, people often installed their wells in pits to protect them from frost. However, these pits provide a place where contaminated water can collect and seep into your well. If you have a well pit, consider replacing it with a pitless adaptor, and properly fill any well pits you no longer use.
Frost-free water hydrants are a great invention, offering an outdoor water supply that won't freeze in the winter. However, never locate a hydrant in a well casing or pit. If you have a water hydrant, make sure you keep an air gap between the end of the hose and the water surface to prevent contaminants from accidentally getting siphoned back into your well. Even better, install a backflow prevention device.
A septic system that is poorly designed, located or maintained can leach bacteria, household chemicals and other unpleasant things into your groundwater. Make sure that your septic system isn't located too close to your well, and pump it out every two to four years.
Yes, you can have too much of a good thing! If you use too much manure or fertilizer to grow your crops, nitrates and bacteria can leach into the groundwater underneath. When you store manure, make sure you follow best practices to prevent runoff from contaminating the water you drink.
Hazardous materials and drinking water don't mix. Never keep paints, oils, antifreeze or other dangerous chemicals in a building that also contains a well or pumping equipment.
If you store oil, propane or gasoline on your property, make sure that the fuel cannot leak into the groundwater. Monitor your fuel tanks for leakage and if you do spot a spill, clean it up immediately.
Never fill pesticide sprayers near a well. Store pesticides safely away from your well, where there's no danger of any runoff reaching your groundwater. Before you apply pesticides to your crops, do your research. High water tables and highly absorbent soils increase the risk of pesticides percolating into your aquifer. Minimize the volume of pesticides you use, and keep an eye on the weather report — don't apply pesticides before a big rainstorm.
All of these measures are relatively simple to take, but can have a huge impact on your contribution to groundwater protection – which benefits everyone – including you.