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Squires, Gordon (1998). "Francis Aston and the mass spectrograph". Dalton Transactions (23): 3893–3900. doi:10.1039/a804629h.
Downard KM (2007). "Historical account: Francis William Aston: the man behind the mass spectrograph". European Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 13 (3): 177–90. doi:10.1255/ejms.878. PMID 17881785.
Thomson, J.J. (1913). Rays Of Positive Electricity and Their Application to Chemical Analysis. London: Longman's Green and Company.
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Karas M, Bachman D, Bahr U, Hillenkamp F (1987). "Matrix-Assisted Ultraviolet Laser Desorption of Non-Volatile Compounds". Int J Mass Spectrom Ion Proc. 78: 53–68. Bibcode:1987IJMSI..78...53K. doi:10.1016/0168-1176(87)87041-6.
Osborn DL, Zou P, Johnsen H, Hayden CC, Taatjes CA, Knyazev VD, North SW, Peterka DS, Ahmed M, Leone SR (October 2008). "The multiplexed chemical kinetic photoionization mass spectrometer: a new approach to isomer-resolved chemical kinetics". Review of Scientific Instruments. 79 (10): 104103. Bibcode:2008RScI...79j4103O. doi:10.1063/1.3000004. PMID 19044733.
Bruins, A. P. (1991). "Mass spectrometry with ion sources operating at atmospheric pressure". Mass Spectrometry Reviews. 10 (1): 53–77. Bibcode:1991MSRv...10...53B. doi:10.1002/mas.1280100104.
Cottrell JS, Greathead RJ (1986). "Extending the Mass Range of a Sector Mass Spectrometer". Mass Spectrometry Reviews. 5 (3): 215–247. Bibcode:1986MSRv....5..215C. doi:10.1002/mas.1280050302.
In the event that the ions do not start at identical kinetic energies, some ions may lag behind higher kinetic energy ions decreasing resolution. Reflectron geometries are commonly employed to correct this problem. Wollnik, H. (1993). "Time-of-flight mass analyzers". Mass Spectrometry Reviews. 12 (2): 89–114. Bibcode:1993MSRv...12...89W. doi:10.1002/mas.1280120202.
Guilhaus, Michae. "Principles and Instrumentation in Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry" (PDF). JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY. 30: 1519È1532 – via Google Scholar.
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Maher S, Syed SU, Hughes DM, Gibson JR, Taylor S (August 2013). "Mapping the stability diagram of a quadrupole mass spectrometer with a static transverse magnetic field applied". Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry. 24 (8): 1307–14. Bibcode:2013JASMS..24.1307M. doi:10.1007/s13361-013-0654-5. PMID 23720050.
Paul W, Steinwedel H (1953). "Ein neues Massenspektrometer ohne Magnetfeld". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A. 8 (7): 448–450. Bibcode:1953ZNatA...8..448P. doi:10.1515/zna-1953-0710.
March RE (2000). "Quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry: a view at the turn of the century". International Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 200 (1–3): 285–312. Bibcode:2000IJMSp.200..285M. doi:10.1016/S1387-3806(00)00345-6.
Schwartz JC, Senko MW, Syka JE (June 2002). "A two-dimensional quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer". Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry. 13 (6): 659–69. doi:10.1016/S1044-0305(02)00384-7. PMID 12056566.
Lammert SA, Rockwood AA, Wang M, Lee ML, Lee ED, Tolley SE, Oliphant JR, Jones JL, Waite RW (July 2006). "Miniature toroidal radio frequency ion trap mass analyzer". Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry. 17 (7): 916–922. doi:10.1016/j.jasms.2006.02.009. PMID 16697659.
Snyder DT, Pulliam CJ, Ouyang Z, Cooks RG (January 2016). "Miniature and Fieldable Mass Spectrometers: Recent Advances". Analytical Chemistry. 88 (1): 2–29. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03070. PMC 5364034. PMID 26422665.
Hu Q, Noll RJ, Li H, Makarov A, Hardman M, Graham Cooks R (April 2005). "The Orbitrap: a new mass spectrometer". Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 40 (4): 430–43. Bibcode:2005JMSp...40..430H. doi:10.1002/jms.856. PMID 15838939.
Comisarow MB, Marshall AG (1974). "Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance spectroscopy". Chemical Physics Letters. 25 (2): 282–283. Bibcode:1974CPL....25..282C. doi:10.1016/0009-2614(74)89137-2.
Marshall AG, Hendrickson CL, Jackson GS (1998). "Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry: a primer". Mass Spectrometry Reviews. 17 (1): 1–35. Bibcode:1998MSRv...17....1M. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2787(1998)17:1<1::AID-MAS1>3.0.CO;2-K. PMID 9768511.
Dubois F, Knochenmuss R, Zenobi R, Brunelle A, Deprun C, Le Beyec Y (1999). "A comparison between ion-to-photon and microchannel plate detectors". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 13 (9): 786–791. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0231(19990515)13:9<786::AID-RCM566>3.0.CO;2-3.
Park MA, Callahan JH, Vertes A (1994). "An inductive detector for time-of-flight mass spectrometry". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 8 (4): 317–322. Bibcode:1994RCMS....8..317P. doi:10.1002/rcm.1290080407.
Boyd, Robert K. (1994). "Linked-scan techniques for MS/MS using tandem-in-space instruments". Mass Spectrometry Reviews. 13 (5–6): 359–410. Bibcode:1994MSRv...13..359B. doi:10.1002/mas.1280130502.
Loo JA, Udseth HR, Smith RD (June 1989). "Peptide and protein analysis by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry". Analytical Biochemistry. 179 (2): 404–12. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(89)90153-X. PMID 2774189.
Maxwell EJ, Chen DD (October 2008). "Twenty years of interface development for capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry". Analytica Chimica Acta. 627 (1): 25–33. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2008.06.034. PMID 18790125.
Verbeck GF, Ruotolo BT, Sawyer HA, Gillig KJ, Russell DH (June 2002). "A fundamental introduction to ion mobility mass spectrometry applied to the analysis of biomolecules". Journal of Biomolecular Techniques. 13 (2): 56–61. PMC 2279851. PMID 19498967.
Matz LM, Asbury GR, Hill HH (2002). "Two-dimensional separations with electrospray ionization ambient pressure high-resolution ion mobility spectrometry/quadrupole mass spectrometry". Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry. 16 (7): 670–5. Bibcode:2002RCMS...16..670M. doi:10.1002/rcm.623. PMID 11921245.
Sowell RA, Koeniger SL, Valentine SJ, Moon MH, Clemmer DE (September 2004). "Nanoflow LC/IMS-MS and LC/IMS-CID/MS of protein mixtures". Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry. 15 (9): 1341–53. doi:10.1016/j.jasms.2004.06.014. PMID 15337515.
Tureček F, McLafferty FW (1993). Interpretation of mass spectra. Sausalito: University Science Books. ISBN 0-935702-25-3.
Mistrik, R. (2004). A New Concept for the Interpretation of Mass Spectra Based on a Combination of a Fragmentation Mechanism Database and a Computer Expert System. in Ashcroft, A.E., Brenton, G., Monaghan, J.J. (Eds.), Advances in Mass Spectrometry, Elsevier, Amsterdam, vol. 16, pp. 821.
Sheldon MT, Mistrik R, Croley TR (March 2009). "Determination of ion structures in structurally related compounds using precursor ion fingerprinting". Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry. 20 (3): 370–6. doi:10.1016/j.jasms.2008.10.017. PMID 19041260.
Shevela D, Messinger J (November 2013). "Studying the oxidation of water to molecular oxygen in photosynthetic and artificial systems by time-resolved membrane-inlet mass spectrometry". Frontiers in Plant Science. 4: 473. doi:10.3389/fpls.2013.00473. PMC 3840314. PMID 24324477.
Hsieh Y, Korfmacher WA (June 2006). "Increasing speed and throughput when using HPLC-MS/MS systems for drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic screening". Current Drug Metabolism. 7 (5): 479–89. doi:10.2174/138920006777697963. PMID 16787157.
Covey TR, Lee ED, Henion JD (October 1986). "High-speed liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of drugs in biological samples". Analytical Chemistry. 58 (12): 2453–60. doi:10.1021/ac00125a022. PMID 3789400.
Covey TR, Crowther JB, Dewey EA, Henion JD (February 1985). "Thermospray liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry determination of drugs and their metabolites in biological fluids". Analytical Chemistry. 57 (2): 474–81. doi:10.1021/ac50001a036. PMID 3977076.
Apte A, Meitei NS (2009). "Bioinformatics in glycomics: glycan characterization with mass spectrometric data using SimGlycan". Methods in Molecular Biology. Methods in Molecular Biology. 600: 269–81. doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-454-8_19. ISBN 978-1-60761-453-1. PMID 19882135.
Harvey DJ, Dwek RA, Rudd PM (March 2006). "Determining the structure of glycan moieties by mass spectrometry". Current Protocols in Protein Science. Chapter 12: Unit 12.7. doi:10.1002/0471140864.ps1207s43. ISBN 0-471-14086-4. PMID 18429296.
Blow N (January 2009). "Glycobiology: A spoonful of sugar". Nature. 457 (7229): 617–20. Bibcode:2009Natur.457..617B. doi:10.1038/457617a. PMID 19177129.
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Hoffman JH, Chaney RC, Hammack H (October 2008). "Phoenix Mars Mission--the thermal evolved gas analyzer". Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry. 19 (10): 1377–83. doi:10.1016/j.jasms.2008.07.015. PMID 18715800.
"Cassini Plasma Spectrometer". Southwest Research Institute. Retrieved 2008-01-04.
Riker JB, Haberman B (1976). "Expired gas monitoring by mass spectrometry in a respiratory intensive care unit". Critical Care Medicine. 4 (5): 223–9. doi:10.1097/00003246-197609000-00002. PMID 975846.
Gothard JW, Busst CM, Branthwaite MA, Davies NJ, Denison DM (September 1980). "Applications of respiratory mass spectrometry to intensive care". Anaesthesia. 35 (9): 890–5. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1980.tb03950.x. PMID 6778243.
Verbeck G, Hoffmann W, Walton B (October 2012). "Soft-landing preparative mass spectrometry". The Analyst. 137 (19): 4393–407. Bibcode:2012Ana...137.4393V. doi:10.1039/C2AN35550G. PMID 22900257.
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San Diego Opera Podcast : Why Liu Steals the Show from Turandot!
Why Liu Steals the Show from Turandot!
It's the classic problem with Puccini's Turandot: how do you move the audience's sympathies from Liu to the title character after falling in love with the beautiful young slave girl? It was Puccini's problem, and we're not sure he entirely solved it. Let's explore and listen!


text:
package org.zaproxy.zap.network;

import java.net.Authenticator;
import java.net.PasswordAuthentication;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.parosproxy.paros.model.Model;
import org.parosproxy.paros.network.ConnectionParam;

/**
 * ZAP's {@link Authenticator}.
 *
 * <p>Authenticates to HTTP and SOCKS proxies.
 *
 * @since 2.10.0
 */
public class ZapAuthenticator extends Authenticator {

    private static final ZapAuthenticator SINGLETON = new ZapAuthenticator();

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(ZapAuthenticator.class);

    private static ConnectionParam connectionOptions;

    private ZapAuthenticator() {}

    /**
     * Gets the singleton.
     *
     * @return the ZAP's {@code Authenticator}.
     */
    public static ZapAuthenticator getSingleton() {
        return SINGLETON;
    }

    @Override
    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
        PasswordAuthentication passwordAuthentication = getPasswordAuthenticationImpl();
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            StringBuilder strBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            strBuilder.append("Getting password authentication for:").append('\n');
            strBuilder.append("Host      = ").append(getRequestingHost()).append('\n');
            strBuilder.append("Site      = ").append(getRequestingSite()).append('\n');
            strBuilder.append("Port      = ").append(getRequestingPort()).append('\n');
            strBuilder.append("Protocol  = ").append(getRequestingProtocol()).append('\n');
            strBuilder.append("Prompt    = ").append(getRequestingPrompt()).append('\n');
            strBuilder.append("Scheme    = ").append(getRequestingScheme()).append('\n');
            strBuilder.append("URL       = ").append(getRequestingURL()).append('\n');
            strBuilder.append("Auth Type = ").append(getRequestorType()).append('\n');
            strBuilder.append("Result: ");
            if (passwordAuthentication == null) {
                strBuilder.append(passwordAuthentication);
            } else {
                strBuilder.append("[Username: ").append(passwordAuthentication.getUserName());
                strBuilder.append(", Password: *****]");
            }
            logger.debug(strBuilder.toString());
        }
        return passwordAuthentication;
    }

    private PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthenticationImpl() {
        if (isForSocksProxy()) {
            return getConnectionOptions().getSocksProxyPasswordAuth();
        }

        if (isForHttpProxy()) {
            return new PasswordAuthentication(
                    getConnectionOptions().getProxyChainUserName(),
                    getConnectionOptions().getProxyChainPassword().toCharArray());
        }

        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Tells whether or not the password authentication is being requested for the SOCKS proxy.
     *
     * @return {@code true} if the request is for the SOCKS proxy, {@code false} otherwise.
     */
    private boolean isForSocksProxy() {
        if (!getConnectionOptions().isUseSocksProxy()) {
            return false;
        }

        SocksProxy socksProxy = getConnectionOptions().getSocksProxy();
        return socksProxy.getVersion() == SocksProxy.Version.SOCKS5
                && getRequestorType() == RequestorType.SERVER
                && SocksProxy.Version.SOCKS5.name().equals(getRequestingProtocol())
                && socksProxy.getPort() == getRequestingPort()
                && socksProxy.getHost().equals(getRequestingHost());
    }

    /**
     * Tells whether or not the password authentication is being requested for the outgoing HTTP
     * proxy.
     *
     * @return {@code true} if the request is for the outgoing HTTP proxy, {@code false} otherwise.
     */
    private boolean isForHttpProxy() {
        return getRequestorType() == RequestorType.PROXY
                && getRequestingURL() != null
                && getConnectionOptions().isUseProxy(getRequestingURL().getHost())
                && getConnectionOptions().getProxyChainPort() == getRequestingPort()
                && getConnectionOptions().getProxyChainName().equals(getRequestingHost());
    }

    private static ConnectionParam getConnectionOptions() {
        if (connectionOptions == null) {
            connectionOptions = Model.getSingleton().getOptionsParam().getConnectionParam();
        }
        return connectionOptions;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Constructed in three different tiers, the Murano at Portofino condo features 3 towers of 25, 31 and 37 floors each with a total of 270 units. Built-in 2003 by Related Group of Florida, this luxury condo is one of the most upscale towers in the South of Fifth neighborhood. With units from one to four bedrooms ranging from 1,008 up to 3,990 sqft, the Murano Grande condo has a prime location overlooking Biscayne Bay from one side and South Beach skyline and the Atlantic Ocean from the other.
Each unit at the Murano Grande condo, has a private or semi-private high-speed access elevator, SubZero and Miele appliances, digital cable with included HBO, large balconies, bubble-jets tubs, Dellacasa kitchen cabinetry, and more! All this to assure you will enjoy the upscale lifestyle this condo is known for.
When purchasing at the Murano Grande condo, you will be able to enjoy the most amazing services offered by the condominium such as the resort-style elevated pool, a professional sized tennis court, an amazing 2-story fitness center facing the bay, a dramatic lobby entrance with curving staircase, a multipurpose room, a residents-only spa, a hot tub, 24hrs security personnel, concierge and valet parking on-site. You will be more than covered at this unparalleled condo!
The Murano Grande condo, apart from offering the best list of amenities and services to its residents, is located in a strategic location in South of Fifth, with almost immediate access to the Mc. Arthur driveway that links Miami Beach with Downtown Miami. If you buy at this high rise, you will be able to access not only the most incredible restaurants and bars that South Beach is known for, but also the airport, Brickell, Fisher Island and more. But speaking of unique restaurants in the area, you could also be steps away from Joe's Stone Crab, Smith & Wollensky, Milos, just to mention a few. You could also be walking distance from the beach and from South Pointe Park.
If you would like to schedule a showing to see the available units at the Murano Grande condo, come next door and say hi to us at The Yacht Club at Portofino lobby! We will be more than happy to help you find your dream home.
Close by, in the South of Fifth neighborhood, you should also check out the The South Pointe Tower and The Yacht Club at Portofino . If you are looking to purchase a unit at the Murano Grande, check out hereafter the list of available condos for sale.
Today there are 37 units available for sale at the Murano Grande condo. The asking price starts at $527/sqft and goes up to $1,746/sqft. There has been a sales slowdown in the last couple of months at the Murano Grande condo, as there haven't been any sales since February (unit #2607 got sold on January 31st). However, there is unit #501 under contract which apparently will break the bad streak. This bayfront unit was listed at $1.6 M and has been under contract for only a week! Come back next month and discover the sold price of this stunning unit.
At the Murano Grande condo, the available units start with 2 bedrooms. If the views are not a No. 1 requirement for you when buying a unit, we would recommend you to have a look at unit #1609. Priced at $622/sqft, this fully furnished unit is the lowest-priced condo on a high floor. It actually does have ocean views. It was listed on the market almost a year ago, and we can see that the owner is motivated to sell, as the price has been reduced five different times for a total of 13% down.
If, on the contrary, you are looking to buy a bayfront unit at the Murano Grande condo, our favorite 2/2 unit is #1402. You won't only have bay views, but as it is a corner unit, you will get panoramic views of the Ocean, South Beach, Miami Beach Marina, and Downtown Miami skyline that you could enjoy from 2 different balconies. The unit has an updated kitchen and is listed at $744/sqft. It was listed on the market at the beginning of the year and since then the price has been decreased a 13 %.
If you are looking to purchase a 3-beds unit, our favorite unit is #1206. Apart from being the most affordable 3/3 at the Murano Grande condo, it has been completely and nicely remodeled. You could have marvelous bay and Miami city views from the large balcony that goes through the entire unit. It has been on the market for a year now, and the price has been reduced by $300,000. The owner might not be too flexible from the current price as the unit was bought in 2012 for only 4.7% down the asking price.
The Murano Grande provides paradise living: spacious interiors, privacy, comfort and views!
The Murano Grande offers great views and great amenities. What a great comfort to have your own private elevator.
At the Murano Grande the view is amazing especially from the units facing the bay. If you want to enjoy a great gym I can tell you that this two-story health and fitness center is THE right place to go to. Of course the tennis court and Olympic pool are also remarkable amenities that I love.


Taking as starting point Walter Benjamin's reflections, the exhibition gathers a group of women artists who investigate the traditional canons of production of images in art. The philosopher, in fact, coined the term "optical unconscious", to describe the broader capacity of perception introduced by photography and cinema. These media reveal to the eye subjects previously impossible to perceive consciously by viewers, changing radically our way of understanding reality and images in general.
"Podría Ser (Una Flecha): Una Lectura De La Colección Jumex [It Could Be (An Arrow): A Reading Of The Jumex Collection]" features works in different media which challenge the definition of image. The pieces are divided into six sections, which address issues ranging from our perception of images and relationship with mechanic devices, to the function of images such as portraits in building someone's identity.


noun Inflammation of a joint, usually accompanied by pain, swelling, and stiffness, resulting from infection, trauma, degenerative changes, metabolic disturbances, or other causes. It occurs in various forms, such as bacterial arthritis, osteoarthritis, or rheumatoid arthritis.
noun Inflammation of a joint.
noun (Med.) Any inflammation of the joints, including the gout. A variety of forms of arthritis are recognized, some of which (such as rheumatoid arthritis, also called arthritis deformans and arthritis nodosa) are chronic and progressive, and lead to incapacitation and deformity.
noun Inflammation of a joint or joints causing pain and/or disability, swelling and stiffness, and due to various causes such as infection, trauma, degenerative changes or metabolic disorders.
From Latin, from Ancient Greek ἀρθρῖτις (arthritis, "joint-disease, gout"), from ἄρθρον (arthron, "a joint"). See also arthro- and -itis.
_Metastatic arthritis_ is seen more frequently in colts or young animals than in mature horses and we here take the liberty of classifying with the arthritis of omphalophlebitis and strangles the so-called rheumatic variety.
_Rheumatic arthritis_, if one is justified in classifying rheumatic inflammation of joints as a metastatic form of arthritis, is not a common condition, though seen in mature and aged animals.
The commoner types include the _synovitis_ associated with disease in the adjacent bone, _acute arthritis of infants_, joint suppuration in _pyæmia_, _pyogenic arthritis_ following upon penetrating wounds, and the affections which result from _gonorrhœal_ or _pneumococcal_ infection.
Sorry my English keyboard doesn't do that and my arthritis is acting up enough today that all the necessary Vulcan death pinch keystrokes are out also.
That makes SAMe a reasonable option for long-term arthritis treatment, Dr. Najm says, but not a good choice for acute flare-ups.
We have got e-mail questions about that as well, long-term arthritis?
B. GIB.: You see, arthritis, or whatever we call arthritis, it can be caused by other things.
When people hear the word arthritis, they typically think of elderly people who are candidates for hip or knee replacements.
Raines said that this artificial collagen holds promise as a therapy for conditions such as arthritis, which is caused by a breakdown of the body's natural collagen.


text:
'Gone Girl's' Patrick Fugit Will Star in Robert Kirkman's Next Awesome Comic Adaptation
By Cindy Davis | Industry | November 6, 2014 |
Look at that adorable face; is that the look of a man possessed? Apparently so…
Patrick Fugit (Thanks for Sharing, Cinema Verite, Almost Famous) just scored the lead role in the television adaptation of Robert Kirkman's "horror epic," Outcast. He'll play Kyle Barnes, a man who's been dealing with demonic possession in his family since he was a small child. Kirkman promises that Outcast doesn't resort to the usual possession tropes (no pea soup, please!); in trying to understand what's happening, Kyle's character will discover he's part of a larger 'world-threatening mystery" (Walking Dead crossover, anyone?).
(drawn by Paul Azaceta)
Discussing the Cinemax series, which will be up against other tales of demonic possession, including Constantine and an Omen reboot (by former TWD showrunner Glen Mazzara), Kirkman describes his story as centered on character, rather than action — and based more in reality. "Horror is always the most scary when it's the most real. And this is a very personal subject matter to a lot of people. It's something that I think a vast majority of our population actually believes to be a real phenomenon that's taking place and that makes these things that much scarier and that much cooler….Outcast is going to go down this emotional road and show this really deep, character-driven emotional journey that will make it stand apart from any other explorations of exorcism and demonic possession that are going on on TV right now."
Fugit is joined by Philip Glenister (Ashes to Ashes, Cranford, Life on Mars) who'll play evangelical preacher, Reverend Anderson,
and Gabriel Bateman (Annabelle, Petals on the Wind, Stalker), as Joshua Austin, a possessed boy who may have a connection to Fugit's Barnes.
Kirkman (who has already plotted the comic from beginning to end) wrote the pilot episode; Adam Wingard (The Guest, V/H/S, The ABCs of Death, You're Next) will direct.
Can We Just Shoot Artie Lange Into Space Like the Human Garbage He Is?
Your New Favorite Odd Couple: Spacey and Shannon as Nixon and Elvis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Wanted: Graffiti artist responsible for Leeds tagging spree
British Transport Police have issued pictures of a man they want to speak to after a spate of tagging near railway lines in Leeds.
An image of the man police want to speak to
Officers are seeking the men who have been spraying the tags "KOBE" and "OI" all over rail areas in West Yorkshire, predominantly in the Neville Hill depot in Osmondthorpe.
Detective Inspector Glen Alderson said the British Transport Police take graffiti of this kind extremely seriously, but despite extensive enquiries to identify the person responsible they have not yet apprehended the culprit.
"Some people consider graffiti to be art but in reality it is nothing more than selfish vandalism that makes people fearful of their surroundings and costs the railway industry thousands of pounds to clean up," he said.
"Unfortunately the costs associated with the clean up mean it is ultimately the fare-paying passenger who pays for this damage, which is not acceptable
"I would urge anyone who recognises the man pictured, or knows his whereabouts, to get in touch."
Alderson said he hoped that by releasing these photos someone may recognise the man pictured, who they believe may be able to help their enquiries.
He said those responsible would be likely to face prosecution.
Anyone with information should contact British Transport Police on Freefone 0800 40 50 40 or text 61016 quoting reference PSUB/ B6 of 18/6/2015. Alternatively, information can be passed to the independent charity, Crimestoppers,anonymously on 0800 555 111.


text:
10 Best Louis L'Amour Books (2021)
Louis Dearborn L'Amour was born on the 22nd of March, in the year of 1908, in Jamestown, North Dakota, United States of America. L'Amour was a prominent American author of both novels and short stories. The works of L'Amour were predominantly written in the Western genre, though he does have work in the sci-fi, historical fiction, and non-fiction genres.
As we noted, L'Amour was born and raised in Jamestown, North Dakota. His mother was Emily Dearborn L'Amour, while his father was Louis Charles L'Amour. Louis was French-Canadian by descent from his father's side and Irish from his mother's. His father worked as a large-animal veterinarian, a broken, and a local politician.
Best Louis L'Amour Books
The Sacketts Series 9.24/10 18 Books Check Price On Amazon
Talon and Chantry Series 9.02/10 8 Books Check Price On Amazon
Kilkenny Series 9.08/10 5 Books Check Price On Amazon
Last of the Breed 9.54/10 485 Pages Check Price On Amazon
Hondo 9.12/10 272 Pages Check Price On Amazon
The Walking Drum 9.46/10 576 Pages Check Price On Amazon
Hopalong Cassidy Series 8.68/10 4 Books Check Price On Amazon
The Lonesome Gods 9.38/10 616 Pages Check Price On Amazon
The Haunted Mesa 8.62/10 472 Pages Check Price On Amazon
Flint 9.32/10 258 Pages Check Price On Amazon
Settling Down
Throughout his career, what with the many bank failures which took a lot out of the upper Midwest people, Louis and his adoptive brother John left school and took to the road, by themselves, in 1923.
While on the road, Louis met many of the people that would find themselves in his works later on. In the 1930s, after traversing many a country, Louis Dearborn L'Amour settled down in Choctaw, Oklahoma. Now, with that said, let's see what the best Louis L'Amour books are.
The Sacketts Book Series
L'Amour's Sacketts series is home to some of the most popular L'Amour books of all time. On the topic of orders, namely L'Amour's Sackett series chronological order, we have the following:
Sackett's Land
To the Far Blue Mountains
The Warrior's Path
Jubal Sackett
Ride the River
The Daybreakers
Sackett
Mojave Crossing
The Sackett Brand
The Sky-Liners
The Lonely Men
Mustang Man
Treasure Mountain
Ride the Dark Trail
Lonely on the Mountain
Fortune Found
Having covered L'Amour's Sackett series in order, we can now take a look at the books. Upon finding some half a dozen golden Roman coins in the Devil's Dyke mud, Barnabas Sackett used what he discovered for means of trading in America.
However, his nemesis, a certain Rupert Genester, wants him eliminated. A promise from the past imperils the inheritance of Genester, so as Sackett is preparing to board his ship for departing to America, he is assaulted and thrown into a pirate ship's hold.
The company was ordered by Genester to dispose of Sackett somewhere in the Atlantic, but Sackett succeeds in making his escape and gets to the Carolina coast. The beauty is unmatched, but he must go back immediately to find out the truth about his heritage. There isn't a single of Sackett's books in the whole of the L'Amour Sackett series order that we don't recommend.
Talon and Chantry Book Series
The Talon and Chantry series is one of the best Louis L'Amour book series, but also a terrific source for finding the best L'Amour books. These particular Louis L'Amour novels in order go like this:
Borden Chantry
Fair Blows the Wind
The Ferguson Rifle
The Man from the Broken Hills
Milo Talon
North to the Rails
Over on the Dry Side
Man With No Fears
Some of L'Amour's best western novels can be found among L'Amour's Talon books. Borden Chantry was the name of the marshal in question. He was a young, lean, strong, and rugged man, one that had buried his fair share of people in the cow town where he lived. Each of these buried men had succumbed to the wounds from a fair fight.
Matched Force
However, it just so happened that some strange, ominous gunman shot and killed a man in the coldest of blood. This was repeated five more times before Borden was given the task of finding out who the perpetrator is, why he is doing what he is doing, and eliminating him so that the people of the town can live peacefully once more. A nice pick for being Louis L'Amour's best book.
Kilkenny Book Series
L'Amour's Kilkenny series belongs among the best Louis L'Amour series for a variety of reasons which we will explore. The series is home to some of Louis L'Amour's best books, as well. Now, let's take a look at these Louis L'Amour's books in order:
The Rider of Lost Creek
The Mountain Valley War
A Gun for Kilkenny
Monument Rock
Now, having ordered these particular L'Amour books in chronological order, let's see what Kilkenny is all about. Lance Kilkenny is a man that has a serious debt that needs to be paid. The debt in question is to his friend, the one that saved his life, and that friend is in danger at the moment from being killed in a range war. However, when Lance makes the effort to stop all the senseless fighting, he understands that the fight goes deeper than he expected.
Joining the Fight
Whoever it is that is causing all of the trouble must have some large plans for the Live Oak country, at least that's what the army of gunmen points to. Nita Riordan, an attractive and fearsome Apple Canyon Saloon owner, gives the warning to Lance that the man pulling the string wants him dead, too. That's more than enough incentive for Lance. These are rightfully some of the best-selling L'Amour books.
Last of the Breed
Man That Soars the Sky
Last of the Breed belongs among the top L'Amour books and, to many of the author's fans, it might just be the best Louis L'Amour book ever. Last of the Breed was published in the year of 1986, spanning a bit less than four-hundred pages. It stands as being one of the best-rated L'Amour books.
One of the novels that brought L'Amour and his works to the level of fame that he enjoyed towards the end of his life is Last of the Breed. Last of the Breed is the gripping, genuine story of a certain United States Air Force Major going by the name of Joe Mack, a man that is for more reasons than one born at the wrong time.
Alone in the Wilderness
While flying his experimental aircraft, he is forced to go down in Russia. There, he is sent away to a Soviet prison camp, one that he swiftly escapes. However, to weather the terrible Siberian weather and to make it out alive he must summon up all of the skills that he learned from his Indian forebearers. As the story of Joe Mack continues, the reader can't help but feel glued to the page and invested fully into what is going to happen next.
Hondo is one of those L'Amour books that if we were forced to give our picks for the Louis L'Amour books ranked, it'd have to be placed among the best. Hondo was published in the year of 1953, spanning some two-hundred pages. Out of all the Louis L'Amour book reviews, Hondo is perhaps the first book we'd recommend.
Ways of the Apache
The powerful, coursing, and unkind winds of the desert weather were by no means friendly towards the man. He was a very large, sizable, fearsome, and fear-striking man with some of the broadest shoulders you've ever seen.
He was a man born into the ways of the Apache people and all their traditions, with a special expertise in knowing how exactly to survive and stay alive. For the uninitiated, Hondo is also one of the best Louis L'Amour books for high school students.
Center of a War
She, on the other hand, was just a young woman trying to raise her young son on a somewhat secluded ranch in Arizona. In between Angie Lowe and Hondo Lane, the man mentioned above, was no one save Vittoro, the warrior, a man whose people were getting ready to stand against the white men and their people.
Before long, Angie, Hendo, and everyone else are pulled into a war between the people and a battle for love and honor. One of the best books by Louis L'Amour.
The Walking Drum
One of the Last Novels
The Walking Drum is yet another standalone book, one that rightfully belongs among the ten best Louis L'Amour books. The Walking Drum was published in the year of 1984, a few years before the author's passing away. The Walking Drum is, in our opinion, one of the best L'Amour novels, too.
Man of Many Talents
Kerbouchard is a man that is given to many a thing. He is at once a man that loves – a lover –, a man that knows and learns – scholar –, and a man that does battle with fiends – a warrior.
Throughout all his life, Kerbouchard has been a seeker of certain insights and fortunes that are sure to bring him many a peril, many an obstacle, even ones that could take his life. One of these, namely over the steppes of Russia, beyond the Byzantine beauty that is Constantinople, Kerbouchard is thrown into a brilliant time.
It is here that from the slave galleys to the castles, from the secret chambers of the castle dwellers to the blade clanging battlefields, and even into the Valley of Assassins' fortress, Kerbouchard wanders and his tale has only just started.
On his way, he will meet many men and women, with many of them being dangerous to his wellbeing, but that is not going to stop, thwart, or hinder Kerbouchard from going forward on the journey that he has set out on. A great pick for being the best Louis L'Amour novel.
Hopalong Cassidy Book Series
Just Brilliant
L'Amour'sHopalong Cassidy series is the home to some of the best-rated books of L'Amour. It is a series comprising of four books, all of which are deserving of their place among Louis L'Amour's best novels. Now, this particular L'Amour series in order goes as follows:
The Rustlers of West Fork
The Trail to Seven Pines
The Riders of High Rock
To Save or Not to Save?
Now seeing as we have put the list of Louis L'Amour books, at least of this series, in order, let's see what they're all about. The Rustlers of West Fork is a very tense, action-packed novel, but you don't need us to tell you that.
Hopalong Cassidy has been given a task to take a sizable fortune in banknotes and give them to his old pal, Dick Jordan. As he makes his way towards the Circle J, he finds out that the ranger, along with Pam, his daughter, are being held against their will by an outlaw band.
The band in question is led by the merciless Avery Sparr and his partner Arnold Sopper. Even if Hopalong somehow manages to help the two of them out and to lead them through the Apache country, they will be in constant danger from the outlaws that have given their vows that they will gun them down. Such things have yet to deter Hopalong, so he goes ahead and saves the lot.
The Lonesome Gods
Left to Die
The Lonesome is one of those books that once you've read it, you know you're going to have it by your side again and again, even if it's years into the future. The Lonesome Gods was published in the year of 1983.
The Lonesome Gods follows a young boy named Johannes Verne. Johannes Verne's mantra, while he traversed the fearful landscape of the desert, as he was left alone to just perish by his grandfather, was that he was Johannes Verne and that he was not afraid of anything.
Right to Live
On his way through the desert, there was little hope that he could navigate himself properly, but that's when he came by the outlaws, the ones that would end up saving him. However, even once he has been saved and raised from the perdition that surely the desert was, he still knows and reminds himself of the hatred his grandpa felt for him.
With time, as he is raised by Indians and becomes the friend of one mysterious woman, Johannes turns out to become a mighty adventurer and a scholarly man. However, things seldom turn out so nicely in so easy a fashion.
The Haunted Mesa
Ancient People
If we were going to give our picks for the best books in order by L'Amour, there are barely any books that we would rank higher than The Haunted Mesa. The Haunted Mesa, one terrific book on Louis L'Amour's books list, was published in the year of 1987. The Anasazi were the so-called ancient enemies of the Indian people known and familiar to all others as the Navajo.
The Anasazi were the ones that haunted the lonesome, abandoned, and barren cities that streak the canyons and plateaus present throughout the Southwest area. For hundreds upon hundreds of years, the inexplicable vanishing of the Anasazi was a source of irreconcilable bewilderment to historians.
Mike Raglan
However, one man named Mike Raglan, an investigator that is known and praised for his talents, was asked by an old friend through a letter in despair to come to the plateau of the tenebrous desert.
Of course, the mystery had its helping hand in pulling Mike Raglan towards the desert, but as he crosses not just the border of the city, but also that of man's laws, The Anasazi's story becomes revealed. The Haunted Mesa remains one of the most important books of L'Amour's whole career.
Respect and Fear
Flint is the last of the books written by L'Amour that we will be taking a look at today, but it is not the least. Flint was published in the year of 1960, with a page count of some two-hundred-and-fifty pages in total.
When he was just a seventeen-year-old, he departed from the West, with a past with no roots and a violent trail of bloodiness behind him, and he made his way towards the East. It was right here, in the East, that he turned out to be among the most affluent and rich financiers in all of America, but also one of the most feared, most loathed individuals in all of America.
A Last Stand
As a cancer that can scarcely be cured was tearing its way through his body, he journeyed back to New Mexico to die all alone. But, just as a range war starts up, Flint makes a choice to aid Nanci Kerrigan, a rancher in the local area, with more enemies than he could possibly hope to count.
Buckdun, an assassin that is known for being relentless is there, too, what with a land swindle just about to be made. Flint is the last hope that Nanci Kerrigan has in the world, but she is his last hope, as well. The Bowdrie Series is another series that we recommend picking up!
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It is never ideal to go without sleep, just as it's not good to sleep too much. The benefits of regular sleep cycles have been consistently touted by doctors. Lack of sleep may contribute to low sperm counts and other attributes of unhealthy lifestyles, such as obesity and heavier smoking and drinking. There is also the threat of poorer decision making, and 24 hours of being awake can impact drivers in much the same way as though they had a blood alcohol level of .10%.
However, sometimes, we must grind out that overdue assignment or odd work demands. For when you are facing consistent issues, I wrote an article on changing schedules to maximize productivity. I could argue that with enough foresight an all-nighter is never necessary. However, I have found myself staying up all night more than a few times. For those instances, there are numerous things that can help you to push through the day.
Junk food, like chips and chocolate sound appealing in a state of weariness and help out initially, but the effects wear off quickly, leading to a major crash. Eating healthier foods, such as those with natural sugars, like bananas, will not come with a crash and will also help combat the multitude of other negative health consequences of staying up late. A high protein breakfast is the best start to any day, especially after being awake all night. High protein snacks at intervals throughout the day are indispensable.
Take frequent breaks and make sure they include sufficient body movement to keep blood flowing. Yoga breaks are also extremely beneficial for accessing more energy.
Lack of sleep typically comes with pain, particularly headaches and moodiness. Nip that in the bud right after breakfast and alleviate the pain that will inevitably come with aspirin or some other pain-killer to miss the distraction and lethargy that comes with the pain.
Dehydration leads to more fatigue. Staying hydrated is the best way to stay alert and maintain brain and body functions. Eating ice is also a great strategy to maintain hydration, and the chewing aspect keeps the body active. Splashing cold water on the face is hydrating as well.
Putting on a pair of sweatpants and a hoodie will only make you feel more like going to bed and will turn others away from wanting to interact with you. By dressing like the day is important, you set yourself up with the right mentality. Looking alive and feeling alive go hand in hand.
Coffee or soda are common things used to combat weariness. However, they are only quick fixes that lead to dehydration and crashes after the effects wear off. When using caffeine, it takes 15-30 minutes for the effects to kick in. The best strategy is to take the caffeine and then nap for 30 minutes to wake up feeling refreshed.
There is only so long a person can hold out. Get the important things done while at your most alert stages and try to go home early.
Video games keep the mind active, which is why it's so easy to stay up all night playing them. They also take the mind off the mundane activities that can make it so easy to fall asleep. Even five minutes of a simple game can put your mind back into the right gear.
Having headphone on with something catchy and fun can keep you bopping along with some zest. The music shouldn't be too complex or too soothing or else it will just put you to sleep. Anything too thought provoking might cause you to lose focus and become more worn out.
The best tricks only work when used sparingly, so don't overdo things. Pulling an all-nighter multiple times in the same week will be harder than once a year. Besides, if the reason for staying up all night is for school or work, there is more harm being done by staying up than by getting at least a few hours of sleep. It also helps to get more sleep in the days before pulling an all-nighter, if at all possible, to reduce the cumulative effects of weariness.


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by Orwell Tue Sep 10, 2013 8:42 am
I guess your police have a different policy to ours, Lance. It's hard to imagine kicking a door in here unless the siege had already gone on for days.
by Pettytyrant101 Tue Sep 10, 2013 8:54 am
A case of double standards?
In todays Sun there is story about a teacher, age 27, who was having a sexual affair with a 17 year old pupil.
This is normally a case of outrage and howls of derision and calls for the teachers head on a pole.
But in this case the pupil was male and the teacher female. When the mother complained to the school after she revealed the affair the school snubbed her saying- "We have a duty of care to the teacher as an employee."
We've had several female teachers run out for the same thing, but they are not seen as monsters the way male teachers are. But standards have evolved, back when I was in school a male teacher and his student was having an affair, and we kids were amused by it. He left within a year (probably related in hindsight) but no big stink was made. If he was forced out it was all kept quiet. These days there would be a huge stink.
Same in college, one of the young English professors was absolutely notorious for carrying relationships with his students. This went on for a few years, and eventually he left just as quietly as the high school teacher. I don't think it would be so quiet these days.
by David H Tue Sep 10, 2013 2:56 pm
This case comes to mind: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Kay_Letourneau
(I had a very good friend who was a teacher at that school at the time. )
Mary Kay Letourneau (née Schmitz; born January 30, 1962), is an American schoolteacher who was imprisoned from 1997 to 2004 for having sexual intercourse with her 12-year-old student, Vili Fualaau. She gave birth to two of Fualaau's children while incarcerated. After her release from prison in 2004, Letourneau married Fualaau and took his name.
Letourneau first met Vili Fualaau when he was a student in her second-grade class at Shorewood Elementary School in Burien, Washington; she later taught a sixth-grade class in which Fualaau was a student. In 1996 her relationship with 12-year-old student Fualaau transformed from friendship into flirtation and sex. Letourneau was arrested in March 1997 after a relative of her husband, Steve Letourneau, notified the police. Her first daughter with Fualaau, Audrey, was born in May 1997 while Letourneau was out of jail on bail.
During the trial she was examined and diagnosed with manic depression. Letourneau pled guilty and was convicted of two counts of second-degree child rape. She was sentenced to six months in the county jail and three years of sex offender treatment. At that time she was not required to register as a sex offender. As part of her plea bargain, Letourneau agreed to avoid any further contact with Fualaau.
On February 3, 1998, Letourneau had sexual relations with Fualaau in her car and at 35 became pregnant with Fualaau's child. She was arrested for violating the terms of her probation and the police found $6,200 in cash, baby clothes, and her passport inside her car. As a result, Letourneau was sentenced to seven-and-a-half years in state prison.
In October 1998, while serving her sentence, Letourneau gave birth to her second daughter by Fualaau. In January, 2001, Letourneau's father died, and she was denied a release from prison to attend his funeral. While in prison Letourneau tutored fellow inmates, created audio books for blind readers, participated in the prison choir and "rarely missed Mass." Because of her celebrity status, Letourneau was unpopular with other inmates, "sassed guards and balked at work" and, reportedly as punishment for this, spent "18 of her first 24 months" in solitary confinement.
When I was in graduate school working as a Teaching Assistant, the rule was that, at the first suggestion of impropriety between a TA and one of their students, the grad student would be expelled with no hearing. No double standard. Gender didn't matter. The grad school didn't want to have that discussion. End of Subject!
Pretty draconian, Dave, and no doubt effective. I suspect the school had an incident that got nasty and vowed 'never again!'
It definitely sent several unmistakable messages, one of which was that grad students were easily disposable. A tenured professor would have had a union speaking for him/her in such matters.
But yes, there had recently been some allegations of "sex for grades", and at the time the press was still in a feeding frenzy after the Letourneau case. I think the University risk assessment lawyers just figured this was the easiest way to reduce the chances of a salacious headline.
We were instructed NEVER TO CLOSE THE DOOR when we were working with students during office hours.
by Mrs Figg Tue Sep 10, 2013 4:45 pm
times have changed, I remember when I was at the convent the first male teacher arrived and because he was relatively good looking all the 6th formers got a massive crush on him, his name was Mr Want, you can imagine the japes. Once he got chased round the school yard by a pack of them, the look of terror on his face was priceless.
Mrs Figg wrote: the look of terror on his face was priceless.
A fate worse than death!
I wonder who was leading the pack?
who me? no I was watching the show. it was Benny Hill in reverse.
Where were you educated? St Trinians?
by Kafria Tue Sep 10, 2013 11:20 pm
Pettytyrant101 wrote: A case of double standards?
I find this slightly incredible.
In light of the many cases that have come to light over the years and following a high profile case of another female teacher a few years ago the rules around this were tightened up. Not only are teachers not to be involved with students they are also not allowed to be involved with students they used to teach after they leave school as the position gives then undue influence over said student. These are prosecutable offences.
by Pettytyrant101 Tue Sep 10, 2013 11:55 pm
Well it was the Sun after all Kafria, it would not surprise me if it wasn't the full story. They are almost as bad as the NotP when it comes to choosing between all the facts and a good story.
by Mrs Figg Wed Sep 11, 2013 12:09 am
hmm we havent had one of those in ages is the NoTP going the way of Bree, an exinct animal?
by Pettytyrant101 Wed Sep 11, 2013 12:13 am
All I can say on that matter Mrs Figg is that I did not drop that bit of advertising in by accident. Mind you I wasnt payed to either, the tight gits. I really need to start reading the fine print.
by Eldorion Wed Sep 11, 2013 1:45 am
Yeah, I never even got a birthday edition.
by Pettytyrant101 Wed Sep 11, 2013 2:44 pm
The arguments over the UK's 'bedroom' tax rumble on, with the UN getting involved.
'Conservative chairman Grant Shapps has condemned as an "absolute disgrace" a UN official's critical comments on the government's housing benefit changes.
Mr Shapps said he would be writing to the UN secretary general to protest.
He claimed the UN official Raquel Rolnik failed to meet any ministers or officials, was biased and had wrongly called the "spare room subsidy" policy "the bedroom tax".
He also said that she came from a country, Brazil, "that has 50m people in inadequate housing".
Ms Rolnik says her recommendation is for the policy to be suspended.
She rejected most of the criticisms made by Mr Shapps, although did apologise for referring to the policy as the bedroom tax, telling the BBC it was because "what everyone has been calling it since I got here".
Ms Rolnik told BBC Radio 4's Today programme that she had received "hundreds of testimonies" and said there was a "danger of a retrogression in the right to adequate housing" in the UK.
She cited examples of disabled people, or grandmothers who were carers, and said the measure seemed to have been designed "without the human component in mind".
Her visit included trips to London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Belfast and Manchester.'- BBC
'designed without the human component in mind'- that sums up perfectly this governments thinking on all their policies.
by Mrs Figg Wed Sep 11, 2013 5:22 pm
yup thats true those rich public school boys like Cameron live on cloud cookooland
The bit that really annoyed me and seemed to betray that typical Tory rich public school attitude Mrs Figg was when he said - "she came from a country, Brazil, that has 50m people in inadequate housing".
What on earth does where she comes from have to do with her ability to do the job she has been hired to by the UN?
He may as well have told her she was a a smelly foreigner with no right or the breeding to come here and tell the British anything and if she didn't get of his lawn he was going to call the grounds keeper.
Watching todays Dail Politics, the Emplyment Minister Mark Hoban.
Andrew Neil asked him-
"If everything you are saying is right, about people have got more jobs, and it's all going swimmingly. How come under your government the number of people using food banks has gone from forty-one thousand when you took office, to three-hundred and fifty thousand a year now? Why?
The Employment Ministers response was the incredible-
"Andrew I think you need to ask the Food Banks that question, we are not responsible for food banks."
by David H Wed Sep 11, 2013 9:05 pm
Yeah, clearly the it's the fault of the food banks for providing free food!
by Lancebloke Thu Sep 12, 2013 7:11 am
I imagine it is partly the fault of a lot of food banks. When you have Sky to pay for, why waste money at Tesco when you could get it free? Do they do background checks to make sure people are eligible?
Wonder how robust those stats are too.
by Pettytyrant101 Mon Sep 16, 2013 2:00 pm
"Former NSA and CIA director Michael Hayden specifically defended Section 702 of the Foreign Surveillance Intelligence Act (FISA), which provides the legal basis for the PRISM program.
Asked whether the United States's promiscuous surveillance was setting a harmful example for other nations, Hayden suggested that the Internet's origins in the United States partially justifies the NSA's conduct. If the Web lasts another 500 years, he said, it may be the thing the United States is remembered for "the way the Romans are remembered for their roads."
Um the world wide web was invented by a Brit! -
"Sir Timothy John "Tim" Berners-Lee, OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA (born 8 June 1955), also known as "TimBL," is a British computer scientist, best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web. He made a proposal for an information management system in March 1989,[3] and he implemented the first successful communication between a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client and server via the Internet sometime around mid November.[4]
Berners-Lee is the director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which oversees the Web's continued development. He is also the founder of the World Wide Web Foundation, and is a senior researcher and holder of the Founders Chair at the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL).[5] He is a director of the Web Science Research Initiative (WSRI),[6] and a member of the advisory board of the MIT Center for Collective Intelligence.[7][8]
In 2004, Berners-Lee was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for his pioneering work.[9] In April 2009, he was elected a foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences.[10][11] He was honoured as the "Inventor of the World Wide Web" during the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, in which he appeared in person, working with a vintage NeXT Computer at the London Olympic Stadium.[12] He tweeted "This is for everyone",[13] which was instantly spelled out in LCD lights attached to the chairs of the 80,000 people in the audience- Wiki
Typical America claiming everything for their own, reminds me of Communist Russia claiming Shakespeare was a ruskie.
Anyway, back to the speech-
'"We built it here, and it was quintessentially American," he said, adding that partially due to that, much of traffic goes through American servers where the government "takes a picture of it for intelligence purposes."
That response may not comfort U.S. technology companies who are already seeing suspicion of the NSA hurting them with overseas customers. One report from the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) earlier in the summer predicted U.S. cloud service providers would lose out on $21.5 to $35 billion over the next three years due to recent revelations. More recently, the CEO of CloudFlare, a Web site security firm and network provider, said the gag orders on government requests for data are "insane" and the whole scandal is costing them customers.
Hayden also conceded that the United States. "could be fairly charged with the militarization of the World Wide Web."
Some interesting points raised here, firstly that it is costing US companies as trust in the net in the US plummets globally.
And secondly the admission they have 'militarized the internet'- one I think they are indeed guilty of.
"At one point, Hayden expressed a distaste for online anonymity, saying "The problem I have with the Internet is that it's anonymous." But he noted, there is a struggle over that issue even inside government. The issue came to a head during the Arab Spring movement when the State Department was funding technology to protect the anonymity of activists so governments could not track down or repress their voices.
"We have a very difficult time with this," Hayden said. He then asked, "is our vision of the World Wide Web the global digital commons -- at this point you should see butterflies flying here and soft background meadow-like music -- or a global free fire zone?" Given that Hayden also compared the Internet to the wild west and Somalia, Hayden clearly leans toward the "global free fire zone" vision of the Internet."- Washington Post
I think this last bit is very telling- the one thing Government want and need is control- and the internet puts all the control in the hands of the individual- a horrific prospect for a ruling elite.
Its also worth noting the deep depth of the mocking of the very idea of a free internet where knowledge and information is shared between individuals without any government interference or oversight.
by Eldorion Mon Sep 16, 2013 6:49 pm
Some interesting stuff. I hope that the option of Internet anonymity remains in the future, but it's been evident for some time that the "wild west" days of the Internet are ending as more and more people use it and governments and corporations start to catch up with advances in technology. Interestingly though, the most immediate threat to Internet privacy is the increasing merger of people's online experiences into a small handful of sites, mostly social media accounts attached to primary e-mail addresses, all of which have people's real names attached.
Pettytyrant101 wrote: Typical America claiming everything for their own, reminds me of Communist Russia claiming Shakespeare was a ruskie.
The Internet was developed by the U.S. military, though, and the United States government still exercises a large amount of control over the infrastructure of the Internet. America has been gradually relinquishing control over the basic functions of the Internet but, for example, the Domain Name System is administered by ICANN only through an agreement with the US Department of Commerce, though ICANN will likely assume full control over the system in the near future.
True Eldo but the speech refers not to the internet but to the 'web'. Which is a British scientists invention, not an American one.


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A GOOD SUPPLEMENT FOR A HEALTHY DIET
Readingtime 10 minutes
As our society ages, the importance of a healthy lifestyle is growing. Nutritional supplements contribute toward mitigating deficiencies in our daily diet. Evonik is also developing new products in this area.
TEXTNADINE ALBACH
Included Media
Sweden—for Norwegians, their neighbors are arch rivals. Especially when it comes to sports. Nevertheless, Sjur Svaboe has a photo of Swedish cross-country skiers from the 2006 Olympic team hanging on the wall of his office on the edge of Sandnes, a port city in southern Norway.
Hunting and gathering: Bilberries are extremely popular in Scandinavia.
Nearly 20 years ago, Svaboe worked with the University of Bergen to develop the manufacturing process for MEDOX®. In 2016, Evonik bought the MedPalett company, which makes the nutritional supplement in Sandnes. MEDOX® contains anthocyanins—plant pigments from bilberries and black currants that promote heart health, blood circulation, and physical well-being. So why the picture of the Swedish athletes? If you look closely, you can see that the five athletes are holding cardboard boxes up to the camera—boxes with the word MEDOX® printed on them. Svaboe smiles and shares what is presumably one of his favorite anecdotes: "Usually, you could wake Norwegian cross-country skiers up in the middle of the night and have them ski backwards—they'd still beat Sweden." But at the 2006 Olympic Winter Games in Italy, he pointed out, the team struggled with a performance slump—and with a starting advantage for the Swedes. The Swedish team doctor had recommended that they take MEDOX® to stay in good condition. "I sent them 200 free packages," the 76 year old recalls. The result? The Swedes defeated the Norwegians—who were the clear favorites—in the women's and men's team sprint events.
"Many illnesses are caused by poor nutrition"
SJUR SVABOE
INVENTOR OF MEDOX®
Supplying the human body with essential nutrients has become a lifetime preoccupation for Svaboe, who once studied mathematics. "The roots of many diseases, like arteriosclerosis or diabetes, lie in improper nutrition," he says. That society is slowly rethinking these issues is evidenced by how the global market for nutritional supplements has developed, generating sales of over €300 billion in 2018. The more important the market, the louder the criticism of its products: Anyone looking up the term "nutritional supplements" online will quickly find many articles denouncing effects that don't scams and materialize. The idea is put forward again and again that healthy people with a balanced diet and a health-conscious lifestyle do not need to take nutritional supplements. "That's true in theory," says Dr. Laura Headley, a nutrition scientist at Evonik. "In a perfect world, we'd all have perfect diets." But what about people who do not eat fish twice a week? Or people who live in a country where the sun barely shines in the winter and, as a result, lack sufficient vitamin D? Plus, every human body has to be considered individually, as Headley points out. Nutritional supplements can help offset any deficits, she adds.
Anthocyanins are secondary plant substances that can be found in eggplants and blueberries, for example. The name is derived from the Greek words anthos (flower) and kyáneos (dark blue). Inside plants, they protect DNA, sugar, and proteins from ultraviolet radiation. They also attract insects and other animals that help the plant propagate itself.
An awareness of the importance of preventive health care has grown over the past several years—not least because people are growing older. The health of the world's population since the early 1990s has been investigated in a study prepared by Harvard University, the World Health Organization, and the World Bank entitled "Global Burden of Disease." One of the study's findings is that our chances of reaching old age are higher than ever before: life expectancy around the world grew from around 66 to 73 years between 1990 and 2017. That does not necessarily mean that quality of life has improved, however: The study showed that people are healthy for only slightly over 63 of those 73 years.
At MedPalett, the anthocyanins from the berries are carefully concentrated. Before being dried, they form a thick syrup.
COUNTERACTING MUSCLE LOSS
As age increases, so does the likelihood of chronic disease, as well as cognitive and physical impairments. At present, for example, 50 million people worldwide suffer from age-related muscle loss. Known as sarcopenia, the condition can lead to problems such as loss of strength, increasing frailty as well as susceptibility to falls. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People fears that the number of affected individuals could rise to over 200 million by 2060.
Physical exercise and optimized nutrition are considered especially important for keeping sarcopenia in check. One focus of nutrition science until now has been on essential amino acids and their importance in building muscle. Some amino acids can only be obtained through the diet, and nutritional supplements such as leucine, which belongs to the group of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), are intended to mitigate that deficit, says Headley. The nutrition scientist then notes, however, that after being supplied with nutrients the muscle naturally undergoes a process of breakdown and synthesis again. This process releases ammonia, which can promote fatigue and stresses the brain and kidneys.
Strengthen muscles or protect the kidneys? Evonik hopes to resolve that dilemma with MYOLUTION®, a nutritional supplement that is soon to be launched on the US market. The mixture of three branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs) has a similar impact on muscle development as BCAAs. The product does not contain any nitrogen that can be converted to ammonia, however. "The combination is expected to help support muscle synthesis and reduce stress on the brain and kidneys," says Headley.
The deep-blue berries are compressed. To keep the concentrated mass fresh, it is frozen before being processed.
Evonik's Health Care Business Line has a great deal of experience in manufacturing BCKAs for the pharmaceuticals industry—its core competencies include not only chemical synthesis routes but also fermentation and crystallization processes. MYOLUTION® makes the company one of the first manufacturers to offer branched-chain keto acids in a food product.
In addition to healthy aging, another issue that is increasingly capturing the public imagination is that of good nutrition early in life. The Global Burden of Disease study brought to light the fact that more than half of all deaths worldwide can be traced to risk factors associated with lifestyle: hypertension, smoking, high blood sugar, and excess weight. Improper nutrition plays a key role here. In many countries, people consume too many sugary beverages, processed meat, and salt—while whole-grain products, nuts, fruits, and vegetables are not on the table often enough.
Poor nutrition can often be remedied with a change in eating habits; certain nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids can also be consumed in the form of a nutritional supplement. In AvailOm®, Evonik has succeeded in concentrating the effective amount of essential fatty acids in two large fish oil capsules into one small tablet. The market is increasingly oriented toward knowledgeable consumers. According to a study conducted by the Leibniz University of Hanover, the majority of people who take nutritional supplements are well informed and use the products responsibly. Monitoring health status and personal performance using a smartphone app or fitness tracker is an accepted part of life for many—especially in China. The nutritional supplement markets in the People's Republic and in Japan are among the largest in the Asia-Pacific region. Nearly half the population of Japan used nutritional supplements in 2016. High population density and growing income have caused demand to increase, says BCC Research, a market research institute in the United States.
The finished MEDOX® capsules are packed and shipped directly in the production plant at MedPalett in Sandnes.
The largest sales market, however, is North America, where, according to the Council for Responsible Nutrition, 75 percent of all adults in the US regularly took nutritional supplements in 2018. In Germany, by comparison, that figure is roughly 25 to 30 percent. The trend toward DIY health care is fostered by the American health system: While 90 percent of all Americans have health insurance, coverage of services is minimal, leaving many unable to pay their medical bills in the event of a severe illness. Interest in staying healthy is correspondingly high.
PRODUCTS WITH A PROVEN EFFECT
But do nutritional supplements really do what they promise? Because they are legally classified as food, they are not subject to government approval the way medications are. Directives such as those in the EU, with special regulations regarding ingredients and labeling for nutritional supplements, would provide a reliable framework, Headley believes. "Evonik only has products in its portfolio that have been scientifically demonstrated to improve human health."
A Gentle Alternative
From a nutritional perspective, branched-chain ketoacids (BCKAs) correspond to branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). Both substances help to form proteins in the body and thus promote muscle development. BCKA is transformed into BCAA in the body. Because ketoacids do not contain nitrogen, there is no formation of the ammonia that could cause health problems.
The health effects of anthocyanins from dark berries, for instance—the primary component of MEDOX®—have thus far been investigated in some 20 independent, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies at university hospitals. "These have shown that taking anthocyanins leads to lower LDL-C—so-called 'bad cholesterol'—and increased HDL-C—'good cholesterol,'" says Einar Bakstad, the research director at the Biolink Group, which included the MEDOX® producer MedPalett before the company was acquired by Evonik. "That's particularly interesting with respect to cardiovascular diseases," notes Bakstad, a professor at Norway's University of Stavanger who teaches synthetic organic chemistry. The University of Stavanger is currently collaborating with Kings College London on a study investigating the influence of MEDOX® on dementia prevention. The thesis is that taking highly concentrated anthocyanins could slow down the development of dementia. The results are expected in 2020.
What makes MEDOX® special, says Einar Bakstad, is the multistage refinement process, which leaves the sensitive ingredients from the berries intact, in high concentration. The product from Norway is striking a chord: According to BCC Research, consumers are increasingly turning to natural ingredients in the conviction that these will deliver greater bioavailability with no side effects. "Nutritional supplements can help prevent risks," says Headley. "It's all about taking a measure of control over your life." Just like those Swedish cross-country skiers who snatched the gold from the Norwegians in 2006.
In the harsh climate of Scandinavia, the berries form many anthocyanins.
Where nutritional supplements do their work
Where nutritional supplements do their work Source: KPMG 2015, IQVIA 2019, own calculations—figures rounded
photos: Christian Lohfink/Upfront, Christoph Bauer/Evonik (8)
Illustrationen: KNSKB+
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My child loves soccer but i don't allow him to play with his regular ball inside the house. I created this pattern to allow for a "softer" option for him to play with inside.
I prefer not to use a gauge if i can avoid it. This pattern will result in the size that works with your gauge.
I used Red Heart Super Saver Yarn for this particular picture, but i have created the same ball using Cotton yarns and other types of yarns with the same success. You will need about one skein each of two different colors to complete the pattern as shown. But, there is always room for imagination and improvement to personalize this as you wish!
This pattern is what i would call a beginner pattern. This is because the pattern uses only the Slip Stitch and Single Crochet.
It also helps with practicing skills such as magic circle, creating basic hexagon and pentagon shapes and learning how to join fewer parts than say an afghan would require!


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Q: Regex for matching a previous group in the pattern? I can never seem to find any documentation on the regex for matching a capture group as part of the pattern. For example:
(\w\d\w):$1

..should match a4b:a4b
$1 doesn't work, but I know it's something similar. Anyone know?

A: In a regex pattern, a backreference to the first capturing group is always \1, not $1.
Reason: $ means "end of string" (or end of line, depending on context) in a regex.
In a replace pattern (which isn't a regex), some dialects allow $1 (e. g. .NET, Java, Perl and JavaScript), some allow \1 (Python and Ruby), and some allow both (PHP and JGSoft).
Edit: Since you wrote that you couldn't find any documentation on this, check out these overviews on regular-expressions.info:

*

*Grouping and Backreferences

*Regex Replacement Syntax

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Each year, nearly 100 deans and outside experts present valuable sessions to CCAS Annual Meeting participants. This page will provide resources for presenters and presiders. Email Amber Cox with questions (aecox@wm.edu).
This year, we've created a simple, optional PowerPoint Template for presenters. Feel free to edit the presentation to best suit your program. Email your presentation file as a .pdf to aecox@wm.edu and it will be uploaded to WHOVA.
All presentations must include session takeaways or outcomes. Laptops are not available; presenters must bring their own laptops and clicker devices. Live internet access is available throughout the venue, including in the sessions.
The CCAS Annual Meeting has a free, official app. You can download WHOVA as a presenter and a participant.
1. If you are a CCAS Member Dean or Assistant or Associate Dean, remember that you must be registered for the Annual Meeting.
2. If you are an expert guest presenter, you do not need to register!


Baby mine, don't you cry.
Baby mine, dry your eyes.
never to part, baby of mine.
pay no heed what they say.
never a tear, baby of mine.
they'd end up loving you, too.
what they'd give just for the right to hold you.
you're not much, goodness knows.


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Q: How to declare plugin options, using typescript and react-chartjs-2 (I've just started learning typescript, so I bet this is trivial for anyone familiar with typescript)
I have a chart with the following code (I've abridged for brevity):
const pieOptions = {
  plugins: {
    datalabels: {
      display: true,
      color: "white",
      formatter: function (value, context) {
        return `${value}%`;
      },
      font: {
        size: "15",
        weight: "bold"
      }
    }
  }
};

export const HaveAdhdPie: React.FC<Props> = () => {
  return (
    <div>
      <Pie type="pie" data={data} options={pieOptions} />
    </div>
  );
};

Typescript flags the options prop as an error:

part of the error message:
 Types of property 'weight' are incompatible.
              Type 'string' is not assignable to type 'number | "normal" | "bold" | "bolder" | "lighter"'.

index.d.ts(26, 3): The expected type comes from property 'options' which is declared here on type 'IntrinsicAttributes & IntrinsicClassAttributes<Pie> & Readonly<ChartComponentProps> & Readonly<...>'

So I go to the index.d.ts file, and find where the options.plugins types are defined:
    // NOTE: declare plugin options as interface instead of inline '{ [plugin: string]: any }'
    // to allow module augmentation in case some plugins want to strictly type their options.
    interface ChartPluginsOptions {
        [pluginId: string]: any;
    }

This as far as my understanding goes and I'm stuck. I don't imagine I can change the type.d.ts file and I don't understand what the comments in the above code are directing me to do.
Can anyone please suggest what is required for typescript to accept my code?

A: You don't need to augment types – it's just that you need to either name the type for the options earlier:
const pieOptions: chartjs.ChartOptions = { ... }

and/or tell TypeScript that that bold weight is a constant, so it can be assigned to the number | "normal" | "bold" | "bolder" | "lighter" type:
weight: "bold" as const,


ANNAPOLIS — A new poll has Democratic Gov. Martin O'Malley leading in a rematch with former Republican Gov. Robert L. Ehrlich Jr. 49 percent to 38 percent, with 13 percent undecided.
The survey of 833 registered voters in Maryland was conducted Sept. 8-17 by Gonzales Research and Marketing Strategies. It has a margin of error of no more than plus or minus 3.5 percentage points.
Mr. O'Malley defeated Mr. Ehrlich in 2006 with 53 percent of the vote, compared with Mr. Ehrlich's 46 percent. Mr. Ehrlich has not said whether he will run against Mr. O'Malley in the 2010 election.
The poll also found that Mr. O'Malley's job approval rating is about where it was at the beginning of the year. Statewide, 48 percent of voters approved of the job Mr. O'Malley is doing as governor, while 37 percent disapprove.


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Egyptians celebrate the fall of Hosni Mubarak in Tahrir Square in February 2011. Photograph: Tara Todras-Whitehill/AP
Arab spring: 10th anniversary
10 years on, the Arab spring's explosive rage and dashed dreams
The extraordinary shock of people power gave way to a bitter backlash. So where to now?
by Martin Chulov Middle East correspondent
Mon 14 Dec 2020 00.00 EST
Last modified on Mon 1 Feb 2021 09.14 EST
A decade ago this week, a young fruit seller called Mohammed Bouazizi set himself alight outside the provincial headquarters of his home town in Tunisia, in protest against local police officials who had seized his cart and produce.
Accounts of the 26-year-old's shocking act rippled through his homeland, where hundreds of thousands of people who had also been humiliated by an atrophied state and its officials now found the courage to raise their voices.
In the 18 days between Bouazizi's self-immolation on December 17th 2010 and his death on 4 January, the most dramatic social unrest in Tunisia in decades unfolded, bringing the government of dictator Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali to its knees and ultimately forcing him to cede power 10 days after the fruit seller died. And yet, far bigger change was to still come as events in this small coastal country sparked revolts across north Africa and the Middle East, the lonely death of a distressed vendor becoming the symbol of a collective rage that defined an era.
Relatives of Mohammed Bouazizi praying at his grave. Photograph: AFP/Getty Images
Protests quickly became revolutions, taking root across the police states of the region. In Egypt, Bahrain, Yemen, Libya and Syria, dictatorships thought to be impregnable facts of life for their longsuffering citizens were suddenly exposed as vulnerable husks. In every corner of the region, Bouazizi's story of earning roughly £2 a day to feed a family of eight, and being defeated by disrespectful functionaries, resonated widely. Amid remarkable scenes of mass protests with real momentum, it seemed self-determination was no longer out of reach. Taking part in the process, no matter how difficult, or bloody, appeared to be possible after all.
The movement that soon came to be known as the Arab spring was an extraordinary shock, shaking away decades of torpor and highlighting the power of a combustible street, which had been thought to be no match for feudal dynasties and all-powerful states accustomed to treating citizens as subjects and routinely dousing their aspirations.
Uprisings were aided by the ability of people to rapidly organise, often on smartphones and readily accessible web applications which easily defeated state security structures. The challenges were particularly potent to postcolonial regimes, such as Egypt and Libya, and later Syria, where power had been consolidated over decades on the edifices of European colonial enterprises that had remained unresponsive to changing demographics.
Top Left: An Egyptian holds up a sign praising Facebook, joining others in Cairo's Tahrir Square in February 2011. Photograph: Khaled Desouki/AFP/Getty Images
Top right: Egyptian protesters charge their phones in Tahrir Square. Photograph: Khaled Desouki/AFP/Getty Images
Bottom: A Muammar Gaddafi carpet. Photograph: John Moore/Getty Images
By 2010, a convergence of circumstances had made it more difficult for the status quo to hold. Increasing divides in living standards, an ever more unaccountable elite and a rapidly growing restive youth with little access to opportunity, and even less redress for grievances, led many to believe they had nothing to lose by protesting.
"Those systems are designed to govern over a specific set of demographics. They're not set up to keep up with demographic changes at all," said Dr H A Hellyer, a senior fellow at the Royal United Services Institute thinktank. "Get to 2010, and you've already got years of these systems bursting at the seams, trying incredibly to keep up with these demographic changes on the one hand, and ensuring that wealth distribution remains limited to the top on the other. Combine that with the continued autocratic bargain – 'Don't push about political freedoms, because we are your protectors against terrorism' – and you have a recipe for a perfect disaster."
A mass rally against a decree by President Mohamed Morsi granting himself broad powers in November 2012 in Cairo's Tahir Square. Photograph: Gianluigi Guercia/AFP/Getty Images
By mid-January, Tunisia's Ben Ali had fled to exile in Saudi Arabia, and Egypt's streets were about to explode into a revolution that toppled its autocrat of four decades, Hosni Mubarak. Libya, where Muammar Gaddafi had ruled ruthlessly for 40 years, was also starting to teeter, as was Syria, where Hafez al-Assad had bequeathed the most tightly managed police state in the region to his son Bashar, who now faced a real sustained threat to his family's dynastic rule.
In all four regimes, a veneer of institutions and a constitution masked the real holder of power: a family, a party, or an army. As they wobbled, alarms were sounding in Saudi Arabia and Iran, which feared the power of their own people might also be unleashed – in Tehran's case for the second time in less than two years.
Anti-government activists clash with riot police in Cairo in January 2011. Photograph: Ben Curtis/AP
Nancy Okail, an Egyptian humanitarian and scholar, was finishing a PhD at Sussex University when scenes of hundreds of thousands of demonstrators taking to the streets of Cairo's Tahrir Square started to flash across the world's screens on 25 January 2011. "My sister was visiting me. I said tomorrow there will be a revolution in Egypt. She was sceptical, but I was right."
Within weeks, Barack Obama withdrew support for Mubarak, severing a lifeline to the Egyptian president's main backer and taking a stand on the firm side of those who had campaigned to oust him. Mubarak fell and the Egyptian street was elated. The optics were noticed elsewhere. In Syria and Libya, US backing for anti-regime demonstrators was seen as a sign that their revolts would also be supported. Within weeks, Libya's revolt turned into a broader war, with Arab states giving diplomatic support for a military intervention to support anti-Gaddafi rebels, led by France, the UK and Denmark and underwritten by Washington.
Top left: Libyans sing a patriotic song in front of the White House in Washington in April 2011. Photograph: Nicholas Kamm/AFP/Getty Images
Top right: An airstrike by forces loyal to Gaddafi near a rebel checkpoint on a road outside Ras Lanuf, Libya in March 2011. Photograph: Sean Smith/The Guardian
Bottom: Egyptian protesters carry an injured officer as pro- and anti-Mubarak protesters clash in Cairo in February 2011. Photograph: Khaled Elfiqi/EPA
By later that year, Syria had also descended into war, as Assad's military attacked demonstrators and opposition forces began to line up against him. In an interview with a Russian TV network in 2012, he warned: "The cost of a foreign invasion of Syria, if it happens, would be bigger than the entire world can bear," adding that the consequences of bringing down his regime would be felt "from the Atlantic to the Pacific".
Eight years on, Assad remains nominally in power, with Russia, Iran and Turkey all having taken prominent stakes in the conflict that has since destroyed much of the country and forced half of its prewar population across borders, or displaced them internally. Egypt too has endured a tumult that saw the end of Mubarak, replaced by the brief and disastrous rule of the Islamist president Mohamed Morsi, followed by the military coup to oust Morsi led by Abdel Fatah al-Sisi, who has reimposed the authority of the Egyptian security structures and strangled much of civic life.
In both Syria and Egypt, the dissent that flourished in the early months of the uprisings has been routinely crushed and there are now vastly more political detainees in the security prisons of both states than in early 2011. Human rights groups have described conditions in both countries as intolerable and condemned the ever increasing numbers of detainees, often rounded up for spurious reasons and disappeared for years.
"From late in 2011, we saw the signs," said Okail. "The key for me was the military was always managing things. From the outset when the tanks moved into Tahrir Square to notionally support the demonstrations, others were saying 'no, no, they're on our side'. But I know these people, I know how they run things.
"And all the while as things were unravelling, the west, particularly the US, was saying stick to the road map of democracy and that both sides should practice self-restraint – as if power was equal. The messaging was 'don't worry, when there's an elected president it will all be over'."
Syrians holding up portraits of President Bashar al-Assad ride on an army personnel carrier in May 2011. Photograph: Louai Beshara/AFP/Getty Images
In Syria, which remains broken and unreconciled after nearly a decade of unrest, the potential unleashed by the early days of revolution now seems unrecognisable. The impact of the war and the revolts have left a region which had not recovered from the 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq in turmoil. To many the spectre of self-determination seems further away than ever, and the broader world a very different place.
"The Iraq war and the Arab spring led to Isis and the Syrian civil war, which created the refugee crisis into Europe, contributing to the rise of populism in the west and the UK vote to leave the EU," said Emma Sky, a former adviser to commanding US generals in Iraq. "Regaining control of our borders to limit immigration was a key driver of Brexit. The Iraq war also contributed to the loss of public faith in experts and the establishment. America's post-cold war triumphalism crashed and burned in the Middle East. The Iraq war was the catalyst. The failure to stop the bloodshed in Syria the evidence."
Refugees land on the Greek island of Lesbos. Photograph: Jillian Edelstein
Hellyer said regimes had learned few lessons "except the wrong ones", and saw themselves as having two options. "One is to open up, slowly or not slowly, and begin the long and arduous task of building states that are sustainable in the 21st century, which includes comprehensive security – and rights are a part of that – for their populations.
"The second is to decide that opening up a little means that the populations will kick out the postcolonial elites. So to stop that from happening, just increase all control as much as possible and stamp out dissent."
Lebanese demonstrators wave national flags during anti-government protests in November 2019. Photograph: Anwar Amro/AFP/Getty Images
Okail, who has spent much of the past eight years in exile after being accused of receiving foreign funding in her role as director of the human rights organisation Freedom House, said despite the setbacks all she had fought for had been "totally worth it".
"We have had some small wins and are still fighting battles," she said. "Though the longer things stay like this, the more difficult it will be to rescue the country. For the sake of human rights and democracy we should not just rely on governments to change things. We need stamina and we need different approaches. This is where real change happens."
This article was amended on 14 December 2020 to correct some details relating to Nancy Okail.


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THE LAW OF ENTANGLEMENT - ACTIVATION OF DNA.
That evening after having a cup of tea, the hotel management had arranged a short Safari inside the park. Our trainer being a German lady, our management made special arrangements for this special trip. All of us boarded a mini bus with windows covered with the tarpaulins cloth. These served as window curtains and our exciting journey began. The driver was a Masai (an African tribe) He made a circular trip and all our pupils widened as we saw different kinds of animals and birds. It is not exactly a park but a dense jungle. We saw a wild rabbits, Jackals, fox, Hyena and Baboons etc. Our trainer was very much excited. Then our bus went near by a lake and there, to our excitement we saw a herd of elephants taking bath in the water. We saw a couple of baby elephants playing with each other, spraying water using their trunk like small kids. The leader of the herd was standing on the ground like a security person looking for any danger. We all became very quiet as our driver gave instructions to be silent. The distance must be about 1000 yards. After watching about 15 to 20 minutes, we slowly moved away. The other drivers were also going around with the visitors and communicating one another, giving locations of different animals, particularly the Lions. Our trip ended in an hour. After reaching the lodge we went back to our rooms.
The entire day for me was very much exciting. All my cells were at peace. After having dinner we played some interesting games organized by our trainer. We all felt at home. Had a feeling that we belonged to one family. That night I slept peacefully. The following morning, I woke up with a fresh body and mind. Made some tea for myself and went out to enjoy the morning breeze. The sun was just rising in the east and it was a beautiful sight to watch. I walked to the same spot where I met Kanada Maharshi. There are security guards who normally give instructions to us where to go and where not to go. He approved the selection of my spot.
As soon as I assumed my seat, as if waiting for me, Maharshi appeared. I offered my pranams. "Dear Lahiri! You look very fresh and receptive now because the energies here in this nature are pure. People who are sensitive to these energies attain a Quantum state. So let us resume our discussions. When you take care of the nature, nature takes care of you. When you take care of Dharma, it will take care of you. The creator has given human beings all the knowledge and intelligence and hence his responsibility is to protect the nature. There should be always an exchange of pure and loving energies between the nature and the human beings. All these plants and trees are giving you oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide from you. Without these trees you will not exist not even for a second. Just as these plants and trees are foundation for your existence, the same way balanced human plants establish a balanced society with full of love and compassion. There will not be any wars, boundaries between the nations. Hence it is very essential that the parent should take care of their human plants when they are in the seeding stage. Knowing this basic truth our Maharshis of ancient Bharat gave the technology to bring up the human seeds. It was because of these Maharshis, Bharath spread the universal love and brotherhood ".
Then I humbly asked "Mahatma! Why things have changed?" Maharshi replied "The planet earth is the only one having the free choice among various galaxies. Here on this earth the human consciousness plays an important role. Good and bad they exist together. Since 2000 years the collective human consciousness is growing on the negative side. Which I described as evil force. The people with low consciousness are full of hatred and fear. Yet they are powerful as I have explained to you earlier. The light is always followed by the darkness. Light signifies knowledge. Darkness means absence of life. And the people with low consciousness fear the knowledge, they hate this knowledge. That is why they were opposing the vedic knowledge. The present human beings think that they are highly evolved people. But Lahiri! I tell you, the most advanced civilizations whose knowledge was more powerful by many folds than yours had perished because they used their knowledge not to enhance the wellbeing of the people, but destroyed one another. Because no doubt they have advanced in their physical and mental strength but never evolved spiritually. Those people were highly egoistic, power mongers with full of hatred towards each other. Their minds were imbalanced, they exploited the lower emotions of the common people and unfortunately the innocent and ignorant common men fought with one another to protect their imbalanced, cruel leaders and politicians. As I told you Lahiri! This would certainly change. The seeds are already sown in India. When you sow a seed which is very healthy and nourished it properly a beautiful plant emerges out, grown into a huge tree, giving thousands of delicious fruits. In the same way when good thoughts with full of pure intentions can be compared to the seeds of the plants. Which these thoughts are spread in the fertile soil of Aakash then in turn spread million rays of light. Which can be compared to fruits. This wisdom is existing only in Bharath. After every spiritual practices like Homas, Japas and Bhajans we recite shanti mantras and bless the entire world. This is the technology of planting the seed of thoughts. When these thoughts touch the sensitive hearts of the people, beautiful plants of light will emerge out again showering the seeds of light to other human beings. Lahiri! This subject is vast, you analyse and spread the message of love and peace to others. Now you get ready to attend your 3rd dimensional class room training." Saying this, slowly Maharshi disappeared into the thin air and mingled with the nature, leaving behind the fragrance of knowledge and love.
I was in the trance for about 10 minutes, absorbing this divine knowledge and walked back to my lodge and my Monkey friends gave a warm reception when I entered the lounge.