text:
package model.bool;

import model.Automat;

public class Variable extends BooleanExpression {

	private interface Eval {
		public boolean eval(int current, int compare);
	}

	public enum Operator implements Eval {
		BIGGER(">", ">", 5,"BIGGER", new Eval() {
			@Override
			public boolean eval(int current, int compare) {
				return current > compare;
			}
		}),

		BIGGER_EQUAL(">=", ">=", 4,"BIGGER_EQUAL", new Eval() {
			@Override
			public boolean eval(int current, int compare) {
				return current >= compare;
			}
		}), EQUAL("==", "==", 3,"EQUAL", new Eval() {
			@Override
			public boolean eval(int current, int compare) {
				return current == compare;
			}
		}), NOT_EQUAL("!=", "!=", 2,"NOT_EQUAL", new Eval() {
			@Override
			public boolean eval(int current, int compare) {
				return current != compare;
			}
		}), SMALLER_EQUAL("<=", "<=", 1,"SMALLER_EQUAL", new Eval() {
			@Override
			public boolean eval(int current, int compare) {
				return current <= compare;
			}
		}), SMALLER("<", "<", 0,"SMALLER", new Eval() {
			@Override
			public boolean eval(int current, int compare) {
				return current < compare;
			}
		});

		private Eval e;
		private String htmlString;
		private int operatorNumber;
		private String s;
		private String weaker;

		private Operator(String s, String htmlString, int opN, String weaker, Eval e) {
			this.s = s;
			this.htmlString = htmlString;
			this.operatorNumber = opN;
			this.e = e;
			this.weaker=weaker;
		}

		@Override
		public boolean eval(int current, int compare) {
			return e.eval(current, compare);
		}

		public int getOperatorNumber() {
			return operatorNumber;
		}

		public String toHTMLString() {
			return htmlString;
		}
		public Operator getWeaker(){
			return Operator.valueOf(weaker);
		}

		@Override
		public String toString() {
			return s;
		}
	}

	private int compValue;
	private Operator op;
	private String variable;

	public Variable(String variable, Operator op, int compValue) {
		this.variable = variable;
		this.op = op;
		this.compValue = compValue;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		boolean equal = false;
		if (obj != null && obj instanceof Variable) {
			Variable var = (Variable) obj;
			equal = this.variable.equals(var.variable);
			equal &= this.compValue == var.compValue;
			equal &= this.op.equals(var.op);
		}
		return equal;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean eval() {
		int currentValue;
		if (Automat.runningAutomat != null) {
			currentValue = Automat.runningAutomat.getVariableValue(variable);
		} else {
			return false;
		}
		return op.eval(currentValue, compValue);
	}

	public int getCompValue() {
		return this.compValue;
	}

	public Operator getOperator() {
		return this.op;
	}

	public String getVariableName() {
		return this.variable;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
		buffer.append("<Variable>\r\n");
		buffer.append(variable + "\r\n" + op.name() + "\r\n" + compValue);
		buffer.append("\r\n</Variable>");
		return buffer.toString();
	}

}


text:
Psychologist John Bowlby coined the term attachment as it relates to child development. Attachment refers to the process in which an infant bond with primary care – Essayde Paper Writing Website
Psychologist John Bowlby coined the term attachment as it relates to child development. Attachment refers to the process in which an infant bond with primary caregivers. Attachment was once thought to be heavily influenced by the provision of food; that is, it was assumed that an infant would form the strongest bond with the caregiver who supplied food. However, Bowlby suggested that the process of attachment was much more nuanced and complex.
Another well-known theorist who studied attachment at the time was Mary Ainsworth. While there are differences between Bowlby's and Ainsworth's attachment theories, both theories attempt to explain how attachment occurs, classify different attachment styles, and assert that the strength of attachment with one's primary caregivers has a profound effect on social, emotional, and cognitive development and relationships later in life.
However, it is important to keep in mind that psychological concepts and phenomena, such as attachment, are culturally bound. What is considered to be normal in one culture may be considered to be atypical in another culture, and vice versa. In this discussion, you will explore the applicability of Bowlby's and Ainsworth's theories of attachment in the context of two different cultures.
To prepare for this Discussion
Review the articles found in the Learning Resources (and any additional articles you might have located in the Walden Library) related to attachment and consider the cross-cultural aspects of attachment.
Select two different cultures examined in the articles or in literature you have located in the Walden Library.
Think about how views on attachment are similar and different in these two cultures. Consider whether the differences in attachment have any bearing on an infant's well-being in either culture.
Describe the two cultures you selected. Then, explain the similarities and differences in attachment in these two cultures. Include whether the differences might impact infants' well-being in the two cultures and why or why not. Be specific.
Hock, R. R. (2020). Forty studies that changed psychology: Explorations into the history of Psychological research (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Chapter 5, "Human Development," Reading 5.2: "Out of Sight, But Not Out of Mind"
DeWolfe, T. E. (2013). Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development. In Salem Press Encyclopedia of Health. Amenia, NY: Grey House Publishing.
Gernhardt, A., Keller, H., & Ruebeling, H. (n.d.). Children's family drawings as expressions of attachment representations across cultures: Possibilities and limitations. Child Development, 87(4), 1069–1078.
Mooya, H., Sichimba, F., & Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. (2016). Infant-mother and infant-sibling attachment in Zambia. Attachment & Human Development, 18(6), 618–635.
Posada, G., Trumbell, J., Noblega, M., Plata, S., Peña, P., Carbonell, O. A., & Lu, T. (2016). Maternal sensitivity and child secure base use in early childhood: Studies in different cultural contexts. Child Development, 87(1), 297–311. doi:10.1111/cdev.12454
Richland, L. E., Frausel, R. R., & Begolli, K. (2016). Cognitive development. In H. L. Miller (Ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of theory in psychology (pp. 142–146). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Salkind, N. J. (2008). Piaget's theory of cognitive development. In N.J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Educational Psychology (pp. 799-804). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
McLeod, S. (2007). Bowlby's attachment theory. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/bowlby.html
McLeod, S. (2016). Mary Ainsworth: The strange situation. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/mary-ainsworth.html#ssc
Document: Final Project Topics (Word document)
Document: Psychology Theories Template (Excel Spreadsheet)
Required Media
American Museum of Natural History. (Producer). (2011). Science bulletins: Attachment theory—Understanding the essential bond [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwxjfuPlArY
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 8 minutes.
Document: American Museum of Natural History. (Producer). (2011). Science bulletins: Attachment theory—Understanding the essential bond [Transcript]. (PDF)
Psychology Unlocked. (Producer). (2017). The strange situation [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/QTsewNrHUHU.
Document:Psychology Unlocked. (Producer). (2017). The strange situation [Transcript]. (PDF)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Social Media Optimization helps your business to create a brand identity. It not only helps in marketing your services or products but also help in gaining traffic through the Social Media network.
Currently, Social Media has emerged extensively with a broad based audience from all over the world. In other words you can say that the Social Networking websites are another search engine. Visitors even surf for a company or a brand on these websites. The main reason is that they also can get the reviews regarding the product or company they are looking for and they come to a conclusion after referring those reviews.


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This workshop will provide inspiration & processes on how to manifest what you truly desire; by cultivating a sturdy inner-core confidence and expanding your personal power.
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What's the I Am That Woman embodiment process?


text:
Euproctis marginalis est une espèce de lépidoptères (papillons) de la famille des Erebidae et de la sous-famille des Lymantriinae.

Elle vit en Australie, Tasmanie comprise.

Références

Liens externes

Espèce de Lépidoptères (nom scientifique)
Lymantriinae
Lépidoptère d'Océanie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Will the Supreme Court Nominee be Good for Believers?
Kevin McCullough turns to Gayle Trotter of the Judicial Crisis Network to talk about the U.S. Supreme Court nomination. Georgene Rice and Hans Von Spakovsky of the Heritage Foundation examine the future of the Supreme Court and Roe v. Wade. Kevin McCullough speaks with Gordon Chang on the dangerous world of dictators. Mark Elfstrand and Dr. Richard Land, president of Southern Evangelical Seminary look at the spiritual side of immigration. Georgene Rice and Bruce Riley Ashford ask if believers should be involved in politics. Don Kroah, along with Tom Gilson of The Stream look at some Biblical issues that are truly difficult to nail down, like how old, really, is the Earth. Bob Burney takes on Supreme Court nominee protests.


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text:
Q: Trying to link my user name input and menu to my game function in python hangman I'm trying to link my ask_for_name() and menu() functions to my play() function but where
ever I place the function headings it doesn't seem to work or get called. The game starts up first and at the end of gameplay asks if you want to restart, yes or no, If you click no, it goes back to what I want at the beginning of my game, my user-input asking for name and the menu, press 1 to play the game and 2 for instructions. When I click 1 the game wont start and throws an error message, does anyone know what I'm missing here? I'm new to python and seem to keep going in circles with this problem, the code is mentioned below:
def ask_for_name():
while True:
    name = input(YELLOW_COLOR + "Please Enter Your Name:\n")

    if not name.isalpha():
        print("Name must be letters only\n")
    else:
        print(f"Hello {name}, Welcome to Chris's Hangman and Good Luck!\n")
        menu()
return name

def menu():
"""
menu function which gives the user two options
- Press 1 to play or 2 for instructions
- only accepts valid keys or error message comes up
"""
while True:
    user_input = input("Press P to Play game\nPress I for Instructions\n").upper()
    if user_input == "P":
        play()
    elif user_input == "I":
        print(
            "1.The computer will generate a random word and it's\n"
            "your task to guess the letters from the word.\n"
            "2.To guess, type a letter of your choice and hit enter.\n"
            "3.If you guess correctly, the letter will be revealed.\n"
            "4.If you guess incorrectly, you will lose a life and \n"
            " the Hangman will start to appear.\n"
            "5.You have 8 lives to guess the correct word.\n"

            "Good Luck!\n")
        enter_input = input("Press Enter to go back to the menu\n").upper()
        if enter_input == "":
            menu()
        else:
            print(RED_COLOR + "Oops look's like you pressed the wrong key!\n")

    else:
        print("Invalid Character, please try again!\n")

word = "dog" #random.choice(WORDS)
word = word.upper()
reveal = list(len(word)*'_')
lives = 8
game_is_won = False

def check_letter(letter, word):
global reveal
for i in range(0,len(word)):
    letter = word[i]
    if guess == letter:
        reveal[i] = guess
if '_' not in reveal:
    return True
else:
    return False

def restart_game():
"""
Gives player option to restart, otherwise returns to menu
"""
game_restart = False

while not game_restart:
    restart = input("Would you like to play again?"
                    "Y/N").upper()
    try:
        if restart == "Y":
            game_restart = True

            play()

        elif restart == "N":
            game_restart = True
            print("\n")
            header()
            ask_for_name()
            menu()

        else:
            raise ValueError(
            "You must type in Y or N"
            )

    except ValueError as e:
        print("\n You must type in Y or N Please try again.\n")

def play():
os.system("clear")
header()
print(hangman[8-lives])
print(' '.join([str(e) for e in reveal]))
print(f"You have {lives} lives")

while game_is_won == False and lives > 0:
play()
guess = input('Guess a letter or an entire word:')
guess = guess.upper()

if guess == word:
    game_is_won = True
    reveal = word
elif len(guess) == 1 and guess in word:
    game_is_won = check_letter(guess, word)
else:
    lives -= 1

if game_is_won:
    player_won()
    print("WELL DONE")

else:
    player_lost()
    print(f"YOU FAILED the word was: {word}")

restart_game()

A: Since there were portions of the game program missing, I filled in the missing bits with some placeholder functions.  After trying out the game and seeing where it appeared to get stuck, I made some tweaks to it to make it function in the spirit of a hangman game.  Following is the tweaked code for your analysis.
import os

word = "dog" #random.choice(WORDS)
word = word.upper()
reveal = list(len(word)*'_')
lives = 8
game_is_won = False
hangman = []            # Added this so as to make the game work - temporary

for g in range(0,8):
    hangman.append('-')

def header():
    return

def ask_for_name():
    while True:
        name = input("Please Enter Your Name:\n")

        if not name.isalpha():
            print("Name must be letters only\n")
        else:
            print(f"Hello {name}, Welcome to Chris's Hangman and Good Luck!\n")
            menu()
            break       # Added this to get out of the while loop
    return name

def menu():

    while True:
        user_input = input("Press P to Play game\nPress I for Instructions\n").upper()
        if user_input == "P":
            lives = 8
            game_is_won = False
            break
        elif user_input == "I":
            print("1.The computer will generate a random word and it's\n"
                "your task to guess the letters from the word.\n"
                "2.To guess, type a letter of your choice and hit enter.\n"
                "3.If you guess correctly, the letter will be revealed.\n"
                "4.If you guess incorrectly, you will lose a life and \n"
                " the Hangman will start to appear.\n"
                "5.You have 8 lives to guess the correct word.\n"

                "Good Luck!\n")
            enter_input = input("Press Enter to go back to the menu\n").upper()
            if enter_input == "":
                pass
                #menu()
            else:
                print("Oops look's like you pressed the wrong key!\n")

        else:
            print("Invalid Character, please try again!\n")

def check_letter(guess, word):
    global reveal
    for i in range(0,len(word)):
        letter = str(word[i])
        if guess == letter:
            reveal[i] = guess
    if '_' not in reveal:
        return True
    else:
        return False

def restart_game():         # Added return of decision
    """
    Gives player option to restart, otherwise returns to menu
    """
    game_restart = False

    while not game_restart:
        restart = input("Would you like to play again?" "Y/N/Q ").upper()   # Added a quit option
        try:
            if restart == "Y":
                return True

            elif restart == "N":
                game_restart = True
                print("\n")
                header()
                ask_for_name()
                #menu()
                return True

            elif restart == "Q":
                return False

            else:
                raise ValueError("You must type in Y or N")

        except ValueError as e:
            print("\n You must type in Y or N Please try again.\n")

def player_won():       # Added this to make the game work
    print("Yea!")
    return

def player_lost():      # Added this to make the game work
    print("Boohoo")
    return

def play():
    os.system("clear")
    header()
    print(hangman[8-lives])
    print(' '.join([str(e) for e in reveal]))
    print(f"You have {lives} lives")

header()
ask_for_name()

while game_is_won == False and lives > 0:
    play()
    guess = input('Guess a letter or an entire word:')
    guess = guess.upper()

    if guess == word:
        game_is_won = True
        reveal = word
    elif len(guess) == 1 and guess in word:
        game_is_won = check_letter(guess, word)
    else:
        lives -= 1

    if game_is_won:
        player_won()
        print("WELL DONE")

    else:
        if lives <= 0:
            player_lost()
            print(f"YOU FAILED the word was: {word}")

    if game_is_won == True or lives <=0:        # Conditioned restart
        if restart_game() == True:
            game_is_won = False
            lives = 8
            reveal = list(len(word)*'_')

The key bits were adjusting some of the "if" tests to allow for life decrements, prompting for a name, prompting the menu, and restarts.
Here is a quick sample at the terminal.
-
_ _ _
You have 8 lives
Guess a letter or an entire word:Dog
Yea!
WELL DONE
Would you like to play again?Y/N/Q Q

Give those a try.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Is it safe around kids and pets?
It is safe once it has dried. We recommend keeping kids and pets away from it while it is wet.
How long do I have to wait after spraying to clean the windows?
We can clean the glass immediately after spraying without affecting the spider spray result.


The rain came but I chased it away so I could visit one of my favourite hidden places in London. Beautiful.
Actually I don't think there's a single picture of me, but you get to see through my eyes! Two big photo sets I just put in albums on FB so they don't use up all my space on here. First is the start of the school year (Charlotte P1, Allan P7, Murray still in nursery)….


If Banksy 's new art in Bethlehem is too much of a stretch for global art lovers, the UK's seminal live contemporary and street art auction, Evolving Styles, returns to London this Christmas offering a rare chance to invest in works of art by the biggest names in the movement. Original works by the likes of Blek le Rat, FAFI, Dave Kinsey, Faile, DAIM, Xenz and New York graffiti legends, DAZE and CRASH will go under the hammer, while audiences watch world-famous artists including the notorious Flying Förtress, paint canvases live which will be auctioned off on the same night for the world's largest orphan charity, SOS Children.
Tonight Friday, December 7, there will be exclusive appearances by German art duo, Herakut (GER), Bristol based Mr Jago (UK) and Flying Förtress (GER), who will be performing live at Cargo from 3p.m., with an auction commencing at 6p.m. Audiences can tune in from around the world to watch the live art auction, which will be broadcast in real-time over the internet to allow buyers to bid online via the auction site, www.evolvingstyles.com.


Saving for a Deposit - Homeowners Wiki!
If you're thinking about buying a home, start saving now. The deposit is the biggest initial cost you'll need to pay—usually at least 5% of the full price. A savings plan is great practice for paying off a mortgage. Lenders may be more willing to lend you money if you have a strong savings history.
Talk to your bank about term deposits or other high-interest saving options. Think about shopping around with other banks to find the best deal.
Fair and clear terms and conditions.
Preparing a budget can help you understand your financial situation. It could help you see problems as they emerge. This might give you time to fix them before they get out of control.
Always keep enough money to cover unexpected costs.
This page was last modified on 13 May 2015, at 20:18.


Over 62,000 adults in Montgomery County lack a high school diploma or equivalent. 1 in 7 adults in Montgomery County struggle with Low English Proficiency. Join us to serve them all.
Growing up to the challenge.
In 55 years, the Literacy Council of Montgomery County (LCMC) has grown in size and scope, but there is one thing that remains the same: LCMC believes that no matter where you're from or how you grew up, it is never too late to get the quality education that can change your life.
LCMC faces an ever-growing need for its services. Montgomery County is a bustling, vibrant, populous community, home to DC-area natives, immigrants from all over the world, and everything in between. Not only do 1 in 7 adults in Montgomery County need help improving their English proficiency, over 62,000 lack their high school diploma or US equivalent. As more and more of the community finds out about LCMC, more and more of these tens of thousands of individuals ask us for help. We are committed to growing to meet that need.
Whether they're like Ryan, born and raised in the US but lacking the support of mentors and leaders needed to complete high school, or like Marie, educated through high school in Sierra Leone but now years out of school and needing to relearn and sharpen, all of LCMC's learners have made the same decision: that their story isn't over; in fact, it's only just beginning.
We've grown a lot over the decades, but in 2019, we are no longer Montgomery County's "best kept secret" and we must grow to be able to serve those individuals with the courage to come forward and change their lives.
Only with donors like you can we continue to say "Yes, we can help." Please, grow with us. Make a gift today.
In memory of Mr. Donald Demske. A great man, who has left an amazing legacy and influenced many. You will be missed greatly.
This donation is being made in memory of Mr. Donald Demske.


Apptio and TBM have events throughout the year catering to IT professionals ranging from 50 to 1,600 people. We routinely create fully custom booth and banner designs to ensure customers have full cohesive experience.
Graphic design, Branding, Print production and vendor management.


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Q: Prove the series $\sum \frac{a_n}{a_n +1} $ is divergent. This is assuming that $a_n \in (0,\infty)$ for all $n \in \mathbb N$ and there exists a set {$n \in \mathbb N|a_n \ge 1$} is not finite.
I've been going at this for a while now, trying different comparison tests and bending about inequalities and I simply cannot show it. Wondering if someone could help me. I did attempt a proof, it comes below:
$I_n =$ {$n \in N | a_n \ge 1$} then $I_n$ by definition is infinite and also countable hence $a_{I_n}$ is a subsequence of $a_n$. Notice $I_n \subseteq \mathbb N$.
Now I thought it was obvious that $0 \le \sum \frac{a_{I_n}}{1+a_{I_n}} \le \sum \frac{a_n}{1+ a_n}$ given by not only $I_n \subseteq \mathbb N$ but also $a_n > 0$ from the  definition of $a_n$. Then I said $0 \le \sum \frac{(1)_{n \in \mathbb N}}{(1)_{n \in \mathbb N} + 1} \le \sum \frac{a_{I_n}}{1+a_{I_n}}$ and claimed that we already knew $\sum \frac{(1)_{n \in \mathbb N}}{(1)_{n \in \mathbb N} + 1}$ was a divergent series. And by comparison test I concluded that $\sum \frac{a_n}{a_n +1} $ is divergent.
And please, if you can, let me know why my approach fails.

A: $x\geq 1\implies \frac {x}{x+1}\geq \frac {1}{2}.$
$\sum_n \frac {a_n}{a_n+1}$ cannot converge unless $\lim_{n\to \infty}\frac {a_n}{a_n+1}=0.$
If $a_n\geq 1$ for infinitely many $n$ then $\frac {a_n}{a_n+1}\geq \frac {1}{2}$ for infinitely many $n.$

A: By your condition, there is a sub-sequence $\{a_{n_k}\}$ such that $a_{n_k}\geq 1$.
(1)If this sub-sequence is bounded, so it has a convergent sub-sequence, W.L.G, also denoted by $\{a_{n_k}\}$, that is to say,$\lim_{k\to\infty}a_{n_k}=a\geq 1$. So $$\lim_{k\to\infty}\frac{a_{n_k}}{a_{n_k}+1}=\frac{a}{1+a}>0.$$
(2)If this sub-sequence is unbounded, so it has a divergent sub-sequence, W.L.G, also denoted by $\{a_{n_k}\}$, that is to say,$\lim_{k\to\infty}a_{n_k}=\infty$. So $$\lim_{k\to\infty}\frac{a_{n_k}}{a_{n_k}+1}=1.$$
In both above two cases, the series you given is divergent! Otherwise, we must have $\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{a_{n}}{a_{n}+1}=0$.

A: Suppose that $\sum \frac{a_n}{a_n +1} $ is convergent. Then
$(*) \quad \frac{a_n}{a_n +1} \to 0$.
Hence there is $N$ such that $\frac{a_n}{a_n +1} \le 1/2$ for $n>N$. This gives $a_n \le 1$ for $n>N$. Therefore $(a_n)$ is bounded.
Now let $a$ be an accumulation point of $(a_n)$. Then there is a subsequence $(a_{n_k})$ with $a_{n_k} \to a$ as $k \to \infty$.
From $(*)$ we get $a=0$.
Thus the bounded sequence $(a_n)$ has exactly one accumulation point $a=0$. Therefore  $a_n \to 0$, which is a contradiction to $\{n \in \mathbb N|a_n \ge 1\}$ is not finite.
Hence $\sum \frac{a_n}{a_n +1} $ is divergent.

A: Consider the set $L =$ {$n \in \mathbb N$ | $a_n \ge 1$}, by definition and hypothesis, this set is countable and infinite.
Suppose $l\in L$, we know $(a_{l})$ is a subsequence of $(a_n)$, moreover $\frac{a_{l}}{a_{l} + 1}$ is a subsequence of $\frac{a_n}{a_n + 1}$.
Clearly if $a_{l} \ge 1$ for all $l \in L$, then $0 \le \frac{1}{2} \le \frac{a_{l}}{a_{l} + a_{l}} \le \frac{a_{l}}{a_{l}+1}$ is also true for all $l \in L$.
So $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{a_{l}}{a_{l}+1} \ge \frac{1}{2} \ne 0$ by comparsion. Hence $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}$  $\frac{a_n}{a_n + 1} \ne 0$.
Thus $\sum \frac{a_n}{a_n + 1}$ cannot converge.


As the case of five men charged with plotting to blow up a Cleveland-area bridge goes forward, one of the key questions will revolve around the role of the FBI's confidential informant in the case. That informant was at the center of discussions and, according to at least one defense lawyer, may have been too active.
The five men are scheduled to appear in federal court Monday for a hearing on charges including conspiracy and trying to bomb property used in interstate commerce. The government alleges that the group was involved in an anarchist plot to make a violent political statement against the wealthy and powerful in time for May Day, which honors workers' struggles around the world. If convicted, each faces more than 20 years in prison.
All are expected to plead not guilty. The bigger question will be their defense, and one lawyer has already called into question the role of the person expected to be the key witness, a confidential informant. Such a defense would be similar to that of other terrorism-type cases involving a sting or the use of an informant.
Defense lawyer John Pyle, who represents one of the defendants, Brandon Baxter, told the Associated Press that the informant's role needed to be examined.
The informant, identified in court papers as "Confidential Human Source," has been working for the FBI since July 20, and received approximately $5,750 for services and $550 for expenses.
The payments stopped when the informant began probation on a charge of passing bad checks. According to the affidavit filed with the criminal complaint, the source's criminal record includes a conviction for possessing cocaine in 1990, a conviction for robbery in 1991 and four convictions for passing bad checks between 1991 and 2011.
Perhaps more important is the source's role. According to the affidavit, the FBI directed the source to attend a demonstration on Oct. 21, because law enforcement had "an initial report of potential criminal activity and threats involving anarchists who would be attending" a protest in Cleveland. At the demonstration, the source made the first contact with some of the suspects.
In later meetings, the source recorded numerous conversations and was present as the plans to blow up the bridge were allegedly firmed up. Eventually, the group's members reportedly purchased what they thought were explosives from an undercover FBI employee, along with the purported codes and cellphone equipment needed to bring down a bridge. The reported target was a span crossing the Cuyahoga Valley National Park south of downtown Cleveland.
Authorities said the group tried to detonate the explosives but nothing happened. The defendants were arrested in a car near the bridge Monday night.
It is not unusual to use informants or even stings in law enforcement. Those who've spent even a small amount of time watching the myriad number of crime and law shows on television know that there's usually a jailhouse snitch ready to make a deal by incriminating a defendant.
In real life, a number of mob trials have depended on a gangster who turned on former colleagues. In the area of fighting public corruption, probably the most famous case was Abscam in the late 1970s. In that case, an FBI employee masqueraded as a Middle East sheik and was videotaped offering money in exchange for political favors. Eventually, a U.S. senator and five congressmen were convicted of corruption.
The government's use of informants and stings has become very visible — and more controversial — since the Sept. 11 attacks. Undercover informants played major roles in alleged plots to bomb New York synagogues, set off a bomb near Chicago's Wrigley Field, attack a federal courthouse in Illinois and blow up a building in Dallas.
In all of the cases, the federal government said it used the resources that were available. But in at least one case, the tactics were not greeted with enthusiasm by the judge.
In September in New York, District Judge Colleen McMahon handed down a mandatory 25-year prison sentence in a plot to bomb synagogues and shoot down military planes with missiles. But she made it clear that she was unhappy with how the government had run a sting.
That operation began in 2008 after an FBI informant was assigned to infiltrate a mosque in Newburgh, N.Y. The informant pretended to be a representative of a Pakistani terrorist organization eager to finance jihad against the United States; he was also a key player in the plot. The informant later testified against the group, each of whom received the mandatory 25-year sentence.
This entry was posted on Thursday, May 3rd, 2012 at 1:08 pm and is filed under Federal Attorney, Federal Crime, Federal Crimes, Federal Criminal Attorney, Federal Criminal Defense, Federal Criminal Defense Attorneys - McNabb Associates, Federal Criminal Lawyer, Federal Lawyer.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site.


Just by looking at the article titles below you can see that vitamin D clearly stands out for its powerful affect on the immune system. In the scientific research community there is a deep interest in the use of vitamin D to support the immune system against the common cold and flu as well as other infectious diseases.
There are thousands of research papers published about vitamin D. The articles I have listed below focus on vitamin D and the immune system. I found strong backing for our approach to the use of vitamin D in Dr. Schnuffie's COLD + FLU.
I really want to stress the primary and fundamental importance of vitamin D as an immune system support and infection fighting agent.
Aranow, Cynthia Vitamin D and the Immune System, J Investig Med. 2011 Aug; 59(6): 881–886.
Berry DJ, Hesketh K, Power C, et al. Vitamin D status has a linear association with seasonal infections and lung function in British adults. Br J Nutr. 2011 Nov;106(9):1433-40.
Cannell JJ, et al. Epidemic influenza and vitamin D. Epidemiol Infect. 2006;134(6):1129–40.
Ginde AA, Mansbach JM, Camargo CA., Jr. Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and upper respiratory tract infection in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(4):384–90.
Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(3):266–81.
Khoo AL1, Chai L, Koenen H, Joosten I, Netea M, van der Ven A. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2012 May;38(2):122-35: 10.3109/1040841X.2011.622716. Epub 2012 Feb 5.Translating the role of vitamin D3 in infectious diseases.
Sundaram ME1, Coleman LA Adv Nutr. 2012 Jul 1;3(4):517-25. doi: 10.3945/an.112.002162. Vitamin D and influenza. van Etten E, et al. Regulation of vitamin D homeostasis: implications for the immune system. Nutr Rev. 2008;66(10 Suppl 2):S125–34.
Taylor CE1, Camargo CA Jr. Nutr Rev. 2011 May;69(5):259-69. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2011.00386.x. Impact of micronutrients on respiratory infections.
Urashima M1, Segawa T, Okazaki M, Kurihara M, Wada Y, Ida H. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 May;91(5):1255-60. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.29094. Epub 2010 Mar 10. Randomized trial of vitamin D supplementation to prevent seasonal influenza A in schoolchildren.
Wang TT, et al. Cutting edge: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a direct inducer of antimicrobial peptide gene expression. J Immunol. 2004;173(5):2909–12.


The premises are situated on 245 square metres, including a huge terrace.
As we enter from the terrace to the bar we find ourselves in a big, spacious room with more tables.
The wooden counter runs along the left and at the rear of the room on the right there is a DJ booth and a dance floor.
At the back there is space to install a kitchen if a new tenant wishes to offer snacks as well as drinks.
This well-presented bar is located on a very busy road in Puerto de Alcudia.
The owners have run the place since 1984 and now wish to let it due to health issues.
I am interested in the following property b3739.


Coach your participants in a way that fosters letting go of stories that no longer serve them. Understand different mindsets and the fear of failure complex.
Let Go of the iPod and Train Your Mind!
While music is a key function in many group exercise classes, sometimes letting go on of the iPod and tuning into the body can be the best form of training.
It is important to focus on a growth mindset when working with kids - one that encourages effort versus intelligence.
Tips and tricks from a group ex instructor on keeping your cool in order to cope more effectively during moments of crisis in the fitness studio.
As a group exercise professional we can often beat ourselves up when things go wrong. Here are a few tips for helping you overcome those inner dialogues.


Wash Ingredients: Aqua (Water), Sodium Coco-Sulphate, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Decyl Glucoside, Limonene, Parfum*, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder, Glycerin, Coco-Glucoside, Sucrose Laurate, Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Fruit Extract, Fucus Vesiculosus (Seaweed) Extract, Citral, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Citric Acid, Dehydroacetic Acid, Alcohol, Alcohol Denat, Tocopherol (Vitamin E), Sodium Benzoate, Benzyl Alcohol, Linalool, Evernia Furfuracea (Tree Moss) Extract, Citronellol. *Made with 100% natural essential oils including grapefruit, lemon & rosemary. Made with 71% certified organic ingredients. Balm Ingredients: Aqua (Water), Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Glyceryl Stearate, Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Butter, Cera Alba (Beeswax), Limonene, Glycerin, Sodium Stearoyl Glutamate, Sucrose Stearate, Parfum*, Coco-Glucoside, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice Powder, Olea Europaea (Olive) Fruit Oil, Linum Usitatissimum (Linseed) Seed Oil, Tocopherol (Vitamin E), Coconut Alcohol, Xanthan Gum, Lactic Acid, Dehydroacetic Acid, Benzyl Alcohol, Linalool, Citral, Evernia Prunastri (Oak Moss) Extract, Citronellol, Geraniol, Benzyl Benzoate, Benzyl Salicylate, Farnesol, Iso Eugenol, Eugenol. *Made with 100% natural essential oils including grapefruit, lemon & rosemary. Made with 88% certified organic ingredients.
Love the product, smells lovely!


In order for us all to benefit from and enjoy the events and sessions we run, we will always need marshals. This year we want to make sure we have enough marshal cover in advance so we are going to try a different approach.
If you sign up to marshal at an event that requires it, you will get a marshal token. This token can then be handed in to give you a free session of your choosing. For example, if you marshal for an hour at open water you can swim for free, or take the token and use it for a free coached pool session, summer series event or time trial.
If you sign up and marshal at a summer series event you can, again, use the token for open water, another summer series event or time trial.
Remember, you can also bring a family member or friend to marshal for you (they must be an adult) and it still counts for a token as long as you sign up first.
Finally, in order to be eligible for points/prizes in the summer series, you must have signed up to marshal a summer series event at least once.
Let's have a fun season!


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American Studies, Biographical Stories, Historical Categories, History, Humanities, Political History, Regional Histories
America's Greatest Escape: Alcatraz
Alcatraz Island Off the coast of San Francisco, California | Wikimedia Commons
Shea Slusser
Winner of the Fall 2019 StMU History Media Award for
Best Use of Images
It's the summer of 1962. Off the coast of San Francisco stands a very high profile penitentiary known as Alcatraz. Alcatraz was home to America's most dangerous criminals, and stands as its own in San Francisco Bay. Although this island was known for its top notch security, the island was put to a rather challenging test on the night of June 11, 1962. Three men by the names of John Anglin, Clarence Anglin, and Frank Morris seemed to have had the guts to risk the penitentiary's high profile reputation, and escape the inescapable.
Established in 1934, Alcatraz was known as the first super-maximum facility to implement high-level security for the nation's most notorious criminals. This meant that it was the first prison constructed to hold prisoners that needed to be separated from others due to the threats they impose on fellow inmates. During the 1930's, there was a drastic increase in crime from the effects of the Great Depression, which caused America's economic and social climate to fall. Because of this, Alcatraz was without a doubt a necessity to hold American monsters.1 The prison held up to 600 inmates, yet the population only averaged 204. Inmate's were given the very minimum for survival: shelter, clothing, medical care, and food. Prison cells were five feet by nine feet with each containing a bed, toilet, sink, and desk. Daily activities included body counts conducted several times a day, and working five days a week and eight hours a day. It was required that all inmates be up by 7:30 am and asleep by 9:00 pm. Although these criminals undoubtedly got what they deserved, they were given privileges, such as personal correspondence or library access if the prison guards thought they deserved it. A bright side to being an Alcatraz inmate was the privacy and reduced violence compared to other penitentiaries of its time.2
The cell from which inmates escaped at Alcatraz, San Francisco | Wikimedia Common
Frank Morris and the Anglin Brothers had been some of the top-wanted criminals of their time, yet they didn't start their lives being destined for Alcatraz. As a child, Frank Morris was a foster child who moved from foster home to foster home. The Anglin brothers were farmers who worked for their father growing up, constantly causing problems in school. Since all three of the men had troubled past, it makes sense why they became the criminals of their inevitable future. The trio of criminals were all originally most known for robbing banks, leading to the brothers going in the Atlanta Penitentiary, and Morris in the Louisiana State Penitentiary. Morris was a very capable and smart individual. During his time in Louisiana, he successfully escaped his penitentiary. Additionally, during the brothers' time in Atlanta, they piled on many failed escape attempts. After Morris was eventually found by the police and the brothers could not learn their lesson, all three were sent to the famous island of Alcatraz.3
The men first met each other in Alcatraz, and started to plan their escape on a cold night in December of 1961. Behind their cells ran a three foot wide tunnel they hand-chipped away over a period of time, using homemade tools such as a silver spoon from a dime and a drill made from an old vacuum cleaner. The men concealed the progress of their tunnels with walls of painted cardboard. When drilling through the cement wall, Morris played loud accordion music to conceal the noise. Their efforts of drilling and chipping ultimately led to an undetected utility corridor they reached by climbing pipes. This utility corridor became their "lab" for putting together all the pieces of their plan, metaphorically and physically. Metaphorically, they met up in this spot to devise their plan of all the specific details. Physically, the escapees spent numerous weeks constructing an inflatable raft and life vests out of stolen prisoner raincoats. To trick the guards the night of their escape, they created paper mache dummy heads to work as a clone for each prisoner after they left their cells to escape.4
The paper mache heads left by prisoners to fool guards during the escape | Flickr
Finally, on the night of June 11, 1962, the men set off to escape. Another prisoner by the name of Allen West was in on the escape plan as well. However, he was trapped in his cell the night of the escape after realizing the cement inside his vent had crumbled and hardened, preventing the grill from opening. Once he was able to remove the grill, he came to find that the other prisoners had already escaped without him, and so he eventually returned to his cell to go to sleep. From the utility corridor, Morris and the Anglin brothers climbed a ventilation shaft to reach the roof. While attempting to get to the roof, the guards heard a loud crash as they broke out of the shaft. Thankfully for the men, the guards did not further investigate, because they never heard any noises following. Dragging their gear with them, they eventually climbed down a fifty foot vent pipe to get to the ground, then climbed two twelve-foot barbed-wire fences, and landed on the island's shoreline. On the northeastern side of the island near a power plant was a blind spot in the prison's system of gun towers and searchlights. Around 10:00 p.m., the prisoners then inflated their homemade raft, and set off for Angel Island, which was about two miles north of Alcatraz. This monumental escape was unnoticed until the next morning, when the lights flashed on. The prison was then in a panic, with guards searching everywhere to hunt down the prisoners. However, by this time it was too late. The inmates were nowhere to be found.5
The FBI considered the case of the escaped prisoners a very serious matter. Alcatraz was America's top security penitentiary at the time, and escape could possibly embarrass the government. In addition, the penitentiary had held monstrous criminals such as Al Capone, George 'Machine Gun' Kelly and Alvin Karpi, therefore escape by one criminal could lead to public worry of escapes by multiple criminals.6 After investigation, the FBI declared Morris and the Anglin brothers dead due to drowning. They stated that although the mile long swim to Angel Island would be possible, the strong currents and frigid Bay water would put the odds extremely against the men's survival. According to Allen West, the fourth man involved in the escape, the plan was to steal clothes and a car once arriving on land. However, there were no thefts or suspicious activities detected in the area at the time, further leading to the conclusion that they never made it to land. The families of the prisoners were slightly suspected to have aided the men afterwards, yet it was highly unlikely due to the fact the families were barely financially viable. For seventeen years, the FBI investigated this case without any credible evidence emerging that would have suggested that the men were still alive in the United States, or internationally. The case was officially closed on December 31, 1979, and was turned over to the United States Marshals Service.7
The utility corridor used in the escape showing the two holes from the cells | Wikimedia Commons
Although the FBI believed the odds of their survival were slim, the bodies were never recovered, leaving it a mystery as to whether they drowned in the frigid waters of San Francisco Bay, or made it to land safely. In 2013, a letter was sent to the police that claimed that the criminals were in fact breathing and alive. "I escape[d] from Alcatraz in June 1962 with my brother Clarence and Frank Morris. I'm 83 years old and in bad shape. I have cancer. Yes we all made it that night but barely!"8 However, this letter was not released to the public until January of 2018, because it had to be kept under wraps for the investigation. The letter explained that John was the last living of the trio, and offered a deal that if he were provided medical care for his cancer, in exchange he would turn himself in to the authorities, but only if they agreed to an additional one year in prison. The FBI did not cooperate, and alternatively repressed the letter. Despite the fact of this letter and other rumors about the successful escape having been introduced to the public, an interview with the Marshals who took over the investigation after the FBI was conducted and televised by CBS San Francisco. The Marshals told the broadcaster, "The Federal Bureau of Prisons say that they drowned once they got off of Alcatraz and their bodies were swept out to the Pacific Ocean—end of story."9
In 1963, Alcatraz permanently closed, a year after the trio escaped. It did not close because of the disappearance of the prisoners, but because the facility was too costly to operate. It was said $3-5 million was needed for maintenance and to keep the prison open, not including daily operating costs. At the time, it was three times more expensive to run than any other penitentiary in the United States. Since the Island had no fresh water, close to one million gallons of water had to be transported to the island by boat each week. Therefore, the Federal government concluded, it was more reasonable to construct a new institution rather than keep Alcatraz open.10
Now the famous institution hosts more than a million tourists a year, often fascinated by the story of Morris and the Anglin brothers. In fact, there was a 1979 film starring Clint Eastwood Escape From Alcatraz about this very story. One of the most popular attractions in the prison is John Anglin's cell, from where the men made their run for it. The scene is conserved almost perfectly, with the exact hole in the wall from which he escaped. Nonetheless, even the scene of the crime provides very few answers as to where the escapees ended up.11
Working together to achieve the impossible not only worked against America's most secure prison, but caused an uproar around the globe. The case remains one of the most famous mysteries in the history of the United States, and will continue to be wondered upon for years to come. After all these years, we can't help but speculate whether or not the men still walk among us today.
Deborah Hopkinson, "Escape From ALCATRAZ," Scholastic Action 36, no. 4 (2012): 8-11. ↵
History Editors, "Alcatraz," History, June 7, 2019, https://www.history.com/topics/crime/alcatraz. ↵
Steve Boisson, "The Rock," Civil War Times 41, no. 5 (2002): 21. ↵
Robert D. McFadden, "Tale of 3 Inmates Who Vanished From Alcatraz Maintains Intrigue 50 Years Later," The New York Times, June 9, 2012, https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/10/us/anniversary-of-a-mystery-at-alcatraz.html. ↵
"Alcatraz Escape," FBI History, https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/alcatraz-escape. ↵
Jane Fryer, "Is this the proof two audacious crooks did escape from Alcatraz?" Daily Mail (website), October 14, 2015. Accessed May 2, 2018. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3271521/Is-proof-two-auspicious-crooks-DID-escape-Alcatraz.html. ↵
Natasha Frost, "Was the Escape from Alcatraz Successful? Exploring New Evidence," History, August 31, 2018, https://www.history.com/news/alcatraz-escape-new-evidence-anglin-brothers. ↵
Don Siegel, Richard Tuggle, Clint Eastwood, Patrick McGoohan, Roberts Blossom, Jack Thibeau, Fred Ward, Paul Benjamin, Larry Hankin, and J. Campbell Bruce, Escape from Alcatraz, 1999; Hollywood, CA: Paramount Pictures, 1999. Widescreen DVD Collection. ↵
Alcatraz, Clarence Anglin, Frank Morris, John Anglin
Lauren Castaneda says:
I had always heard about Alcatraz through television shows growing up and always thought it was fascinating. The fact that three individuals were about to make it out of the top security level prison was mind blowing. What makes it even more interesting s that fact that they may have "survived" from what news media has covered. Had the facility never shut down, I wonder what it would look like today and whether or not it would still be considered the highest prison.
Tomas Salazar says:
I myself, went to go visit Alcatraz, the experience was quite fascinating. It was interesting to read about the elaborate escape of the Anglin brothers from Alcatraz. It was scary to see even criminals could escape from one of the most secure prisons at that current time when the prison claimed to be a supermax prison. I enjoyed reading the article towards the end when they wrote a letter confirming they escaped from Alcatraz.
Sabrina Drouin says:
I loved the structure of this piece, how it starts with introducing this famous escape, but not telling the story to keep the reader engaged. Then how it moved on to the backstory, plan, and what led up to the escape, then the actual escape, then telling us what Alcatraz is today; very well written. I have visited Alcatraz before and the whole place is very haunting, but I was never told the backstories of the men who escaped. I had also never heard of the letter saying that they survived, I'm guessing it was kept under wraps by the Marshals to prevent people from thinking that Alcatraz was escapable. I also wanted to share a fact that I learned from my visit to the prison. Basically, Alcatraz was one of the only prisons that only had hot water for inmates when they showered. This is because they didn't want the inmates to get used to the frigid cold water, like they had out on the San Francisco Bay, so it would make it harder for them to survive if they ever made it out of the prison and into the water.
Nydia Ramirez says:
I always knew Alcatraz to one of the most famous high security prisons but that is where my knowledge ultimately stopped. I knew there was a movie like the one mentioned in your article however, I did not know the real story behind it. Not only is this a story about a remarkable feat but the fact that it still remains unsolved is crazy! I feel like they did make it out alive and just managed to stay underground all these years. Further investigation should be made because it is ultimately important to history.
Elliot Avigael says:
I got to visit Alcatraz many years ago, and you can tell that escape from there was nearly impossible. Abandoned prisons to me have always given off a weird vibe; to think that each cell has a story and a living person was housed in every one of those very cells. I always knew there was "Escape From Alcatraz" movie (I believe Clint Eastwood was in it?) but never really understood the full story, so this was definitely an interesting read.
If you're interested in Alcatraz, you might want to look into the story of Al Capone speaking to guards about seeing a red-eyed demon in his cell during the night. Not sure if this story is true, but definitely caught my attention when I heard it.
Eric Hernandez says:
This article was really fun to read. I have heard of the Alcatraz prison and how it was basically a fortress, but I never have heard of this escape story. It was shocking to read how these three prisoners were able to formulate such a good plan and were able to stay hidden until they gave themselves up in the letter.
Maria Ferrer says:
This is indeed a very well written article. I have known about the existence of the famous, most secured prison of Alcatraz, but it was really interesting to read about the escape of the Anglin brothers from this prison. What makes it very interesting is the fact that criminals were able to escape from the most secure prison in America. In the end, I really enjoyed reading this article, and I like how detailed this article is and the information that was shown.
Reagan Clark says:
I love the story about the escape from Alcatraz! It is so interesting. When I visited Alcatraz, I got to see the place where they escaped from! It was awesome! I like how this article mentioned the lives of the prisoners before they got arrested as background information. It really helped set up the article. I also liked how it discussed what happened after the prisoners escaped. Good job!


As a research associate at the Cato Institute, I've met Doug Bandow a few times, and it was truly a shock to me to learn that he was taking money from lobbyist extraordinaire Jack Abramoff for writing articles favorable to Abramoff's clients such as Native American-run casinos. (A second think tanker, Peter Ferrara, is implicated as well.) Franklin Foer also write, here, that Bandow flatly denied a financial relationship with Abramoff when Foer asked him about it for an article earlier this year. I'm not sure I can really understand what makes people do such things. Ethics aside, what about the strong possibility of exposure and disgrace? Bandow has now lost both his position at Cato and his syndicated column; all this for a maximum of $48,000 spread out over 10 years. If I decided to sell my integrity, I would hope that even $48,000 a year wouldn't do the trick.
I suppose the self-justification mechanism goes something like, "I'm not writing anything I don't believe in." But even if that were an excuse — how do you really know, in your own mind, that you'd be writing the same thing even without payments?
"Naive purity standard"? There's an interesting term.
"My view has always been that there are too few journalists left in journalism, and too many columnists with actual or potential conflicts of interest writing for mainstream newspapers," said columnist Cal Thomas, who's syndicated to nearly 600 papers via Tribune Media Services (TMS).
The conservative commentator told E&P Online that what Bandow did was "a big no-no" that "damages the credibility of everybody" who writes columns.
"I'm getting tired of this," Thomas added, alluding to other 2005 revelations about columnists on the take. One of them was Armstrong Williams, whose contract was terminated by TMS this past January — hours after it became known he had received federal money.
Without in any way excusing the sellouts, here's an interesting question to ponder. Does taking money taint opinion journalism more than blind partisan or ideological zeal, on either side of the fence?


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Referendum in Puerto Rico 2012 steht für:
 Referendum über die Verfassung Puerto Ricos im August 2012
 Referendum über den Status Puerto Ricos 2012 im November 2012


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Bakersfield man jailed after arrest in Ventura
A Bakersfield man was arrested after police say he was seen tampering with vehicles in Ventura.
Bakersfield man jailed after arrest in Ventura A Bakersfield man was arrested after police say he was seen tampering with vehicles in Ventura. Check out this story on vcstar.com: http://www.vcstar.com/story/news/crime/2017/04/08/bakersfield-man-jailed-after-arrest-ventura/100204506/
Megan Diskin, megan.diskin@vcstar.com, 805-437-0258 Published 11:38 p.m. PT April 7, 2017 | Updated 3:20 p.m. PT April 8, 2017
Andrew Hodges, 41, of Bakersfield, was jailed in connection with felony resisting arrest, battery on a police officer, vehicle tampering and a warrant, authorities said.(Photo: CONTRIBUTED PHOTO)
Ventura police said they were called at 7:24 p.m. Friday to the 700 block of South Seaward Avenue after a man was reportedly seen looking into vehicles and opening one that did not belong to him.
Once on the scene, the officers located the man, identified as Andrew Hodges, 41, and learned there was an active arrest warrant for him out of Bakersfield, authorities said. As they tried to arrest him, he violently resisted and fought with officers, authorities said. After a brief struggle, he was taken into custody, but while officers tried to secure his legs, he was able to kick one of the officers in the head, police said.
Hodges was taken to Ventura County Medical Center for treatment of the minor injuries suffered during the arrest, then was booked into county jail once he was medically cleared, authorities said. He was jailed in connection with felony resisting arrest, battery on a police officer, vehicle tampering and the warrant, authorities said.
The officer who was kicked suffered a minor injury, police said.
Read or Share this story: http://www.vcstar.com/story/news/crime/2017/04/08/bakersfield-man-jailed-after-arrest-ventura/100204506/
California video shows something rare: 5 mountain lions together
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Klewel 2.0 | Webcast available in a few clicks with Triskel Capture Station!
That's it. You are done. Since the system is non-destructive, you can always go back, select different recordings and publish it again as the same or as a different webcast. As many times, as you would like. The time-saving side of the system is a very welcome effect next to all the user-friendly editing and innovative solution that Klewel is presenting with Triskel.


Sweet Pea Pillow CoverSweet Pea Pillow Cover, alt="Sweet Pea Pillow Cover, "
Print This pillow is all about beautiful simplicity. Utilizing a traditional phulkari technique, we created intricate embroidery that pops against a relaxed linen base. A pom-pom pull adds playfulness. Sized to fit our gliders as reliable back support.
Hidden zipper with a handmade pom-pom accent.


Field et al. (2014a) view adaptation as a means to build resilience and to adjust to climate change impact using the concept of climate-resilient pathways. These pathways combine adaptation and mitigation to reduce climate change and its impacts in sustainable development trajectories. Figure ATM27 demonstrates the concept of climate-resilient pathways. The resilience of 'our world' is influenced by biophysical and social stressors such as climate change, climate variability, land-use change, degradation of ecosystems, poverty and inequality, and cultural factors. Decision points and pathways in the 'opportunity space' lead to a range of 'possible futures' with differing levels of resilience and risk. Within the opportunity space, climate-resilient pathways result in a more resilient world through adaptive learning, increasing scientific knowledge, effective adaptation and mitigation measures, and other choices that reduce risks. Climate-resilient pathways may involve significant transformations in political, economic and socio-technical systems. These transformations may be reactive, forced or induced by random factors, or deliberately created through social and political processes. Pathways that lower resilience can involve insufficient mitigation, poor adaptation, and failure to learn and use knowledge.
Although both mitigation and adaptation are essential for climate risk management at all scales, the success of climate-resilient pathways will be fundamentally linked to the effectiveness of climate change mitigation (i.e. as problems become unmanageable, limits to adaptation and risks of irreversible losses increase, reducing future options for climate-resilient pathways).
An image depicting how biophysical and social stressors impinge on our world's resilience space, and how either climate-resilient pathways or pathways that lower resilience might affect this balance in different possible futures. The possible futures range from a world where resilience outweighs the stressors to a world where the stressors overwhelm the planet's resilience. The image is described in detail in the figure notes.
Note: (A) Our world is threatened by multiple stressors that impinge on resilience from many directions, represented here simply as biophysical and social stressors. Stressors include climate change, climate variability, land-use change, degradation of ecosystems, poverty and inequality, and cultural factors. (B) Opportunity space refers to decision points and pathways that lead to a range of (C) possible futures, with differing levels of resilience and risk. (D) Decision points result in actions or failures to act throughout the opportunity space, and together they constitute the process of managing or failing to manage risks related to climate change. (E) Climate-resilient pathways (in green) within the opportunity space lead to a more resilient world through adaptive learning, increasing scientific knowledge, effective adaptation and mitigation measures, and other choices that reduce risks. (F) Pathways that lower resilience (in orange) can involve insufficient mitigation, maladaptation, failure to learn and use knowledge, and other actions that lower resilience; they can be irreversible in terms of possible futures.
Climate change will result in vulnerabilities that are likely to be location specific. For example, high-elevation regions and arid locations are more sensitive to changes in precipitation; small island states and states with extensive coastlines are more sensitive to land inundation from sea level rise.
However, some regions may benefit from climate change. For example, warmer temperatures will reduce energy demand for winter heating and reduce winter mortality in cooler climates, including southern Australia (Bambrick et al. 2008). Forest growth in cooler regions and spring pasture growth in cooler regions would also increase, and may be beneficial for animal production (e.g. Kirschbaum et al. 2012).
High sea surface temperatures have repeatedly bleached coral reefs in north-eastern Australia since the late 1970s and more recently in Western Australia; the 2016 bleaching event affected 93 per cent of the Great Barrier Reef (Hughes et al. 2016).
Widespread drought in south-eastern Australia (1997–2009) resulted in substantial economic losses.
The south-eastern Australian heatwave in late January 2009 resulted in 374 more deaths in Victoria than would have been expected.
The Victorian bushfires in early February 2009 killed 173 people and more than 1 million animals, destroyed more than 2000 homes, burned about 430,000 hectares, and cost about $4.4 billion.
The floods in eastern Australia in early 2011 cost about $12 billion in lost revenue, mainly through lower coal and agricultural production.
Heatwaves in 2013 (Australia's hottest year), 2014 and 2015 had substantial impacts on infrastructure, health, electricity supply, transport and agriculture.
From November 2015 to January 2016, South Australia's Pinery bushfires (26 November), the Sydney tornado (17 December), the Great Ocean Road bushfires in Victoria (26 December) and the bushfires in Western Australia's south-west (8 January) cost $515 million in insured losses (ICA 2016).
The frequency and/or intensity of such events are projected to increase in many locations (Whetton et al.2015). Without adaptation, changes in climate, sea level, atmospheric CO2 and ocean acidity are projected to have substantial impacts on water resources, coasts, infrastructure, health, agriculture and biodiversity (Reisinger et al. 2014). Freshwater resources are projected to decline in far south-western and far south-eastern mainland Australia. Rising sea levels and increasing heavy rainfall are projected to increase erosion and inundation, with consequent damage to many low-lying ecosystems, infrastructure and housing. Increasing heatwaves will increase risks to human health; rainfall changes and rising temperatures will shift agricultural production zones; and many native species will suffer from range contractions (some may face local or even global extinction) (Reisinger et al. 2014).
People who are socially, economically, culturally, politically, institutionally or otherwise disadvantaged are most sensitive to climate change. Sensitivity is usually the result of cross-cutting social processes, such as discrimination on the basis of gender, class, ethnicity, age and disability, and result in inequalities in socio-economic status and income, as well as in exposure to risk. Climate-related hazards affect poor people's lives directly by affecting livelihoods, reducing crop yields or destroying homes, and indirectly by increasing food prices and food insecurity. Climate change impacts are expected to exacerbate poverty in most developing countries and create new poverty alcoves in countries (both developed and developing) with increasing inequality.
It is important that vulnerabilities in social resilience are reflected in national and international policies aimed at adapting to climate change. For example, social protection measures, insurance programs and disaster risk management may enhance long-term livelihood resilience among poor and marginalised people, if policies address poverty and multidimensional inequalities (Field et al. 2014a). These communities are likely to be the greatest beneficiaries of action towards a low-carbon future (Harrington et al. 2016).
Within Australia, several reports have suggested that Indigenous communities, particularly those living in remote interior or low-lying coastal areas, may be particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts (Hennessy et al. 2007, Altman & Jordan 2008, Green et al. 2009). In urban and regional areas, where 78 per cent of the Indigenous population lives (ABS 2013), assessments have not specifically addressed risks to Indigenous people (Reisinger et al. 2014). However, socio-economic disadvantage and poor health indicate that Indigenous Australians are disproportionately vulnerable to climate change (McMichael et al. 2009, SCRGSP 2014). Whether in remote or urban areas, the natural environment may also form an important part of Indigenous peoples' culture and spirituality (Hennessy et al. 2007), and changes to the environment will therefore have an effect.
Green et al. (2009) summarise the regional projected impacts of climate change to which Indigenous communities may be particularly vulnerable. Projections by Whetton et al. (2015) indicate that, in northern Australia, substantial changes to wet-season and annual rainfall are possible across the century, but low confidence exists about the direction of future rainfall change (i.e. whether rainfall will increase or decrease). Sea surface temperatures near tropical northern Australia are projected to increase, and sea level rise in the tropical north of Australia will have the most significant impact in the short to medium term when combined with extreme events such as king tides and storm surges. Some studies indicate an increase in the proportion of tropical cyclones in the more intense categories, but a possible decrease in the total number. These impacts could result in more heat stress, stress on water reserves, and storm disturbance and coastal inundations. In particular, sea level changes may have severe consequences for those in Torres Strait (Hennessy et al. 2007).
Climate change is expected to affect the distribution of species in Australia (Steffen et al. 2009), which may affect Indigenous people who are highly reliant on natural resources for their livelihoods. For example, 80 per cent of adults living in Indigenous communities fish or hunt for livelihood (Altman & Jordan 2008). Income from fishing is also of economic significance in more settled regions such as coastal New South Wales (Gray et al. 2005). Indigenous people also rely on natural resources for their cash income, as in the case of commercial farming of native foods, or arts and craft industries that rely on native plants as materials (e.g. Altman & Whitehead 2003).
Adaptation efforts may also disadvantage Indigenous communities. For example, forced or involuntary migration to urban centres from areas rendered uninhabitable by climate change (including rural and remote regions, and low-lying islands or coastal zones) might cause major economic, social, cultural and even psychological damage. Traditional land that Indigenous and traditional peoples inhabit represents the fundamental core of their cultures (Macchi et al. 2008). Some Indigenous groups have occupied their traditional lands without interruption since precolonial times. In other situations, Indigenous groups have fought hard for native title rights and the associated right to live on their traditional lands.
Adaptation and mitigation to climate change can, however, also offer opportunities for Indigenous communities. Indigenous engagement with environmental management can improve health and may increase adaptive capacity (Burgess et al. 2009, Hunt et al. 2009). Extensive land ownership in northern and inland Australia, and land management traditions mean that Indigenous people are well situated to provide GHG abatement and carbon sequestration services, which may also support their livelihood aspirations. For example, the West Arnhem Land Fire Abatement project is a commercial agreement based on customary knowledge of fire management that produces a tradeable carbon offset (Altman et al. 2007, Heckbert et al. 2012; Box ATM7) Other potential opportunities include feral animal management (to reduce methane emissions), carbon sequestration (tree planting) and geo-sequestration (Altman & Jordan 2008).
Kirschbaum MUF, Watt MS, Tait A & Ausseil A-GE (2012). Future wood productivity of Pinus radiata in New Zealand under expected climatic changes. Global Change Biology 18(4):1342–1356.
Steffen W, Burbidge AA, Hughes L, Kitching R, Lindenmayer D, Musgrave W, Stafford Smith M & Werner PA (2009). Australia's biodiversity and climate change: a strategic assessment of the vulnerability of Australia's biodiversity to climate change, a report to the Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council commissioned by the Australian Government, CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.
Macchi M, Oviedo G, Gotheil S, Cross K, Boedhihartono A, Wolfangel C & Howell M (2008). Indigenous and traditional peoples and climate change, IUCN Issues Paper, Gland, Switzerland.
Russell-Smith J, Cook GD, Cooke PM, Edwards AC, Lendrum M, Meyer CP & Whitehead PJ (2013). Managing fire regimes in north Australian savannas: applying Aboriginal approaches to contemporary global problems. In: Prescribed burning in fire-prone landscapes, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 11(online issue1):e55–e63, doi:10.1890/120251.
McMichael A, Weaver HJ, Berry H, Beggs PJ, Currie B, Higgins J, Kelly B, McDonald J & Tong S (2009). National climate change adaptation plan for human health, National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland.
SCRGSP (Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision) (2014). Overcoming Indigenous disadvantage: key indicators 2014, Productivity Commission, Canberra.
Annually, 20–80 million hectares, or 3–10 per cent of Australia's land area, is affected by bushfires; 85–98 per cent of these fires occur in the topical savanna woodlands and rangelands. Methane and nitrous oxide produced from the combustion contribute 2–3 per cent of Australia's total greenhouse gas emissions.
The majority of these fires occur during the late dry season, which is a relatively recent phenomenon. Before the depopulation of these lands in the past century, Indigenous people practised a complex pattern of fire management to encourage new growth, to help with hunting, to protect important places and resources, and for ceremonial purposes.
Fires ignited in the late dry season tend to persist for days or weeks; hence, late-season fires are large in area compared with early-season fires, which are more likely to self-extinguish after burning a smaller area. Late-season fires are also more intense and complete, and tend to burn more of the available fuel.
Cook (1994) identified that a shift from late to early dry-season burning would reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions because carbon stored in dead fuels increases, and because carbon and nitrogen otherwise emitted as climatically active methane and nitrous oxide are instead recycled to the atmosphere as greenhouse-neutral carbon dioxide and nitrogen through biological processes. To test the hypothesis, the North Australian Indigenous Land and Sea Management Alliance Ltd (NAILSMA) established the West Arnhem Land Fire Abatement (WALFA) project to engage Indigenous landowners to reintroduce traditional fire management using modern technology. The pilot project demonstrated that fire management can reduce the area burned by 30 per cent and reduce emissions by around 0.6 megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent per year (Russell-Smith et al. 2013).
Consequently, an abatement methodology was developed under the Carbon Farming Initiative, and translated to the Emissions Reduction Fund for regions of the savanna woodlands that have an average annual rainfall of more than 1000 millimetres (Figure ATM28). Currently, 15 million hectares of this region is now under active management. The emissions abatement methodology has been extended to include the 600–1000 millimetre rainfall region, and a new methodology to account for carbon storage in dead fuels is close to finalisation.


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Tag Archives: double-bind
by Rachel Williams | March 14, 2017 · 8:43 pm
Let Trans Women Grow
Left: Me when I first started transition | Right: Me roughly two years later
Trans women are under intense pressure, internal and external, to perform femininity to a high level. They are seen as more "valid" in their identities the better they pass for cis women and in order to compensate for testosterone poisoning some trans women are pressured to wear makeup, accessories, and feminine styles of clothes to be gendered properly by strangers as well as fight their dysphoria. The common assumption is that trans women who are uber feminine are just narrow-minded 1950's housewife artificialities who are putting on a costume to validate their own womanhood. Our femininity is never seen as natural – always artificial.
But in reality it's often about pure survival, a defense mechanism. If we don't perform femininity at a high level we get accused of being too manly and our womanhood is challenged and we are at more risk of misgendering, harassment, violence, and being discriminated against in general. But if we are feminine we get shit for just being caricatures of womanhood who think being a woman is all about dresses and heels. It's a double bind: damned if you do, damned if you don't – trans women lose either way.
But I don't think the problem here is about femininity. The problem is that people don't like the idea of a male-assigned person transitioning socially and medically. It's the very idea of trans women that gives people a problem regardless of how well we perform femininity. The double-bind is thus a product of transmisognyny and not fundamental to femininity itself. The problem is that cis identities are seen as fundamentally more healthy and normal than trans identities. And I mean "normal" as in "normative" not "statistical". Trans people are obviously in the statistical minority – but that alone doesn't make our bodies or our identities pathological. Anomalous but not necessarily pathological. Trans women often get a lesser metaphysical status in the realm of valid identities but there's nothing about our transness that is itself intrinsically pathological.
As philosophers like to say, you can't derive an "ought" from an "is". It is the case that trans people are rare, but from that it doesn't entail that we ought to eradicate trans identities. Imagine if we found a "trans gene" that caused transness and scientists had the power to edit that out before or after conception. We has a society would then have a choice whether to eradicate transness out of existence or not. My view is that the world would be much worse off if trans people weren't around to shake up the cis-normative world.
Part of the pressure for trans women to perform femininity comes from a desire to relieve dysphoria. If I lived on a deserted island that had a Sephora I would still wear makeup because I just enjoy it and it makes me feel better about myself. But part of the pressure comes from how trans women are judged as less valid if we are not uber feminine.
But here's the thing: trans women are often not even given a chance to grow into our femininity. As soon as we come out as trans we are expected to perform femininity flawlessly. We are expected to know how to do makeup, how to be stylish, have an extensive wardrobe of gender-affirming clothing, look sharp, natural, etc. But cis women have had decades to learn how to perform femininity, experiment with makeup, style, and figure out what looks good for their body shape. Not to mention, not all trans women can afford laser or electrolysis and the makeup techniques to flawlessly cover beard shadow are pretty advanced even for experienced makeup junkies.
Some trans women have been performing femininity from a very young age but that's not true of all trans women. Some trans women such as myself repressed their feelings deeply and went through very "macho" stages to prove their masculinity to the world before their feelings finally surfaced fully and it was no longer possible to perform masculinity without great pain. But the little crossdressing I did in secret since childhood did not even slightly prepare me the pressure to perform femininity as a transitioned woman. The pressure is felt by all women but trans women feel it especially acutely. So I basically had to learn in a couple years what it took decades for cis women to figure out. Some trans women are just not interested in all that though and they should not be judged for it, no more than cis women should be judged for being butch or tomboys. The "tomboy" trans woman is often judged as less valid than feminine trans women. Many cis women say they are not scared of highly feminine cis passing trans women who have medically transitioned – it's all those other, "bad ones" they are scared of in women-only spaces, the one who don't perform femininity to some arbitrarily set cis-normative standard.
We need to let trans women grow into themselves. We are expected to perform femininity flawlessly within months of transition but often it can take years to come into a natural sense of style just like it takes years for cis people to figure out how to perform their genders. We need to let trans women have the space and time to explore themselves before we judge them as "successful". Or better yet, how about we stop judging people who don't conform to any gendered expectation and stop placing judgments on whether a transition is a "success" or not. If the trans person is happy at the end of the process it was a success, period. TERFs like to talk about how many trans women are just "pigs in wigs" but usually they are just selectively sampling from trans women just starting transition. Give them a few more years and get back to me. Let trans women grow. Give us time to figure this shit out without invalidating our identities because we have the audacity to look or sound like ourselves and not just flawless imitations of cis women.
Trans people are valid regardless of whether people have a hard time telling whether we are cis. That shouldn't be the standard. There are no standards. Find me a rule book in the universe that tells me how men and women "ought to look". There is no such book. There are just atoms in the void – but we place value on some arrangements of atoms and not on others. All value is created from the minds of creatures such as ourselves. Cis people often don't place much value on trans lives. Our lives are seen as diseased. Just today someone commented on my youtube telling that I am "sick" and "need help". Yeah – that's a fun notification to get on my phone. That's just part of what it's like to be trans in 2017. And I have it easy! I am very, very privileged as a trans woman, both in terms of passing and my material status, but I still get constant reminders that my existence is seen by many in this country as an existential threat to the moral fabric of society. Here I am just trying to survive and somehow I am the threat to society? Yeah, right.
Let trans women grow. Not all trans women have had a strong sense of identity since childhood. That's the narrative that plays well with cis audiences and trans women are under immense pressure to reshape their histories to conform to that narrative but it's not representative of the diversity in the community. Some of us need time to unlearn old patterns of behavior and learn new patterns of behavior. Some of us need time to figure out simple things that cis women take for granted like putting your hair up in a bun. Many of us were not taught by female members of our family how to perform femininity. If anything, we were usually punished for displaying the slightest amount of femininity. So how can cis people turn around and expect trans women to be perfect exemplars of femininity when they at the same time stamp out femininity in their own male-assigned children? It's the double-bind of trans femininity.
When you start to look, the double-bind is everywhere. We cannot escape it. But we must. The liberation of trans women cannot happen unless the double-bind is loosened and we are allowed to grow.
Tagged as double-bind, femininity, feminism, gender, passing, TERFs, trans women, trans*, transgender


Students enjoy a rich and varied range of travel opportunities, which both extend their learning, through the exploration of new ideas and cultures, and stretch their personal boundaries though outdoor challenge and adventure.
Year 7 begin their time at the School with a PGL activity camp. The Modern Foreign Languages Department run an annual exchange with students in Germany and lead trips to France (Year 7) and the Rhineland (Year 9). Year 9 students are also given the opportunity to participate in an annual outward bound trip to Club Corezze, in the south of France. Year 12 Geography and Biology students enjoy an annual residential visit to Skern Lodge Field Study Centre in in North Devon. The School organises an annual ski trip for all year groups: in 2012 the ski trip went to Utah in the USA; in 2013 to Nassfeld in Austria and the 2014 trip is to the Californian resort of Squaw. The PE department undertook a cricket tour to Barbados in the summer of 2011, a rugby tour to South Africa in 2013 and are planning both a cricket and rugby tour for 2014/15. In addition, there are numerous day trips to the theatre, to revision and examination conferences, to universities, including Oxford and many students also participate in the Duke of Edinburgh Award scheme.