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Az HFMA Chapter Bylaws
Name, Objectives, Powers, and Office and Agent
Section 1.1 Name. The name of this corporation shall be the HFMA: Arizona Chapter. For purposes of identification and brevity herein, the Arizona Chapter is referred to as the "Chapter" and the Healthcare Financial Management Association is referred to as "HFMA." The "Board of Directors" refers to the Chapter Board of Directors unless otherwise stated.
Section 1.2 Objectives. The objectives of the Chapter shall be identical with those of HFMA. HFMA is an Association of individuals who are organized to improve financial management of healthcare institutions and related patient care organizations, and to (i) foster and increase knowledge of and proficiency in financial management; (ii) conduct and participate in educational programs and activities concerning financial management; (iii) provide media for the interchange of ideas and dissemination of material relative to financial management; (iv) strengthen cooperation among individuals of varying disciplines in financial management; (v) develop curricula and financial management supporting material for use by educational institutions; (vi) cooperate with healthcare institutions and related healthcare organizations and agencies, and other interested groups in matters pertaining to financial management; (vii) establish and promulgate principles relative to financial management; (viii) promote and encourage financial management standards of performance for individuals and institutions in the various areas of financial management; and (ix) undertake research in financial management related to these objectives.
Section 1.3 Powers. Except as provided otherwise by the Articles of Incorporation or by these Bylaws, the Chapter shall have all the powers of a corporation organized under the Illinois General Not For Profit Corporation Act of 1986, as amended, and shall have such additional powers as are permitted by any applicable law.
Section 1.4 Office and Agent. The Chapter shall have and continuously maintain in the State of Illinois a registered office and a registered agent whose business office is identical with such registered office, and may have other offices within or without the State of Illinois as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.
HFMA Charter
Section 2.1 Charter Terms and Conditions. Chapter officers and directors shall comply with the terms and conditions set forth in the Chapter charter, as granted by HFMA and as may be amended by HFMA from time to time. All actions and activities of the Chapter shall be in accordance with these Bylaws, the Chapter charter, and the policies, procedures, and regulations of HFMA, including, but not limited to, those relating to federal, state, and local income tax law requirements, antitrust compliance, membership procedures, disciplinary procedures, and use of trademarks and other intellectual property in which HFMA owns or claims rights.
Section 2.2 No HFMA Liability. Chapter officers and directors shall not obligate or otherwise make HFMA responsible or liable for any expenditures, nor shall they make commitments or advance positions on behalf of HFMA, unless the making of such expenditures or commitments or the advancement of such positions shall first have been approved in writing on behalf of HFMA by an authorized officer thereof.
Section 3.1 Qualifications. Membership in the Chapter shall be open to all members of HFMA; provided that, an HFMA member may not be a member of more than one chapter concurrently. Classes of membership within the Chapter and qualifications for membership in those cases shall be the same as those specified in the Bylaws of HFMA.
Section 3.2 Admissions. Final determination of an applicant's qualifications for membership and for a specific class of membership, except in the case of a Chapter Life member, shall be made in accordance with the policies established by the Board of Directors of HFMA. The Board of Directors, through the Chapter President, may recommend to HFMA that Chapter Life Membership be conferred upon a member to recognize outstanding chapter accomplishments. The member must be a retired member in good standing.
Section 3.3 Voting Rights.
(a) Each Member, Advanced Member, Chapter Life Member or National Life Member shall be entitled to one (1) vote on each matter submitted to a vote of the members. Student members shall have no voting rights.
(b) Use of the term "members" hereinafter shall refer to all members of the Chapter. Use of the term "voting members" shall refer to all members of the Chapter who may vote.
Section 3.4 Duties; Fees and Assessments; Delinquency; Discipline; and Resignation.
(a) It shall be the duty of each member to keep on file with the designated office of the Chapter a current official address and, when available, an e-mail address, to which all notices required by applicable law or by these Bylaws may be sent. The mailing of a notice to such address shall be the extent of the Chapter's responsibility for such notice.
(b) All members shall pay annual HFMA dues as determined by the HFMA Board of Directors. Dues shall be payable on such date(s), and in such amounts and manner, as may be determined by the HFMA Board of Directors.
(c) Members who have not paid their annual dues within the time provided in HFMA's Bylaws shall cease to be members of HFMA and, thereby, of the Chapter, and may be reinstated only as provided in HFMA's Bylaws. The Chapter shall cooperate in encouraging prompt payment of membership dues.
(d) Any member whose conduct is found to be detrimental to the objectives of HFMA, or who is found to have engaged in activities that violate the Code of Ethics of the HFMA currently in existence or as may, from time to time, be amended, shall be reported to the chief staff officer of HFMA for possible disciplinary action.
(e) A member may resign at any time by giving written notice to HFMA's Member Service Center; provided that, resignation shall not relieve a member from liability for dues accrued and unpaid as of the date of resignation.
Section 3.5 Meetings of Members.
(a) The annual meeting of the members of the Chapter shall be held within ninety (90) days preceding the end of the Chapter's fiscal year, at such time and place as may be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors, for the purposes of electing officers and directors or transacting such other business as may properly come before the membership.
(b) Additional regular meetings of the members may be held at such time and place as may be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors.
(c) Special meetings of the members may be called by the President or the Board of Directors or by written petition of ten (10) percent of voting Chapter members.
Section 3.6 Notice of Meetings.
(a) Written notice stating the place, day, and hour of a meeting of members and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be delivered not less than ten (10) days nor more than 60 days (and, in the case of a special meeting, not more than thirty (30) days) before the date of the meeting, by the Secretary, or his or her designee, to each member of the Chapter at the address shown for such member on the records of the Chapter. Such delivery may be accomplished by U.S. mail, by facsimile, or by electronic communication.
(b) Notice of any meeting of members may be waived in a writing signed by the member(s) entitled to such notice either before or after the time of the meeting. Attendance of a member at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except where the member attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the holding of the meeting because proper notice was not given.
Section 3.7 Quorum. Ten percent of the voting members of the Chapter, present in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the consideration of matters at any meeting of members. If a quorum is not present, a majority of the voting members present at the meeting may adjourn the meeting to another time.
Section 3.8 Action at a Meeting. Only voting Chapter members in good standing may vote on matters submitted to a vote of members. Each voting member shall be entitled to one vote on each matter. The affirmative vote of a majority of voting members, present in person or by proxy, at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the members, unless the vote of a greater number is required by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws.
Section 3.9 Proxies.
(a) At meetings of members, a member having voting rights may vote by proxy executed in writing by the member or by the member's duly authorized attorney-in-fact. Such proxy shall be filed with the President of the Chapter before or at the time of the meeting.
(b) No proxy shall be valid after eleven (11) months from the date of its execution, unless the proxy provides otherwise.
(c) Only a Chapter member may be appointed as proxy; provided that, no employee of the Chapter may be appointed as proxy even though such person may be a Chapter member.
Section 3.10 Action Without a Meeting Prohibited; Attendance by Telephone Prohibited.
(a) Except as provided in Section 3.11 of these Bylaws, members may not act through a writing, or in any other manner, except at a duly called meeting.
(b) Members may not participate in or vote at any meeting of members through the use of a conference telephone or other communications equipment.
Section 3.11 Election By Written Ballot Permitted. Elections of the Chapter may be accomplished by written ballot pursuant to the procedures set forth in Article 7 of these Bylaws and, in such event, ballots may be distributed and returned by U.S. mail, by facsimile, or by electronic means.
Section 3.12 Fixing Record Date for Voting. For the purpose of determining members entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of members, or in order to make a determination of members for any other proper purpose, the date on which notice of the meeting is sent out shall be the record date for such determination of members.
Section 4.1 Enumeration. The officers of the Chapter shall include a President, President-Elect, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, Corporate Secretary, and such other officers as may be elected (or appointed by the Board of Directors as described in Section 4.5(c)). Officers whose authority and duties are not prescribed in these Bylaws shall have the authority and perform the duties prescribed from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 4.2 Qualifications. Officers shall be voting Chapter members in good standing.
Section 4.3 Election and Term of Office.
(a) The President of the Chapter shall succeed from the office of President-Elect. The President shall hold office for one term of one (1) year; provided that, if the President-Elect fills a vacancy in the office of President, he or she shall hold office for the unexpired portion of the President's term and for an additional term.
(b) The President-Elect shall be elected by action of the voting members of the Chapter at an annual Chapter meeting or, if so determined by the Board of Directors, by mail ballot pursuant to the procedures set forth in Article 7 of these Bylaws, and shall hold office for one term of one (1) year; provided that, if the President-Elect holds office by appointment due to a vacancy in the office, he or she shall hold office only for the unexpired portion of the term and shall not succeed to the office of President unless duly elected as President.
(c) The Vice President, Secretary, and Treasurer of the Chapter each shall be elected by action of the voting members of the Chapter at an annual meeting or, if so determined by the Board of Directors, by mail ballot pursuant to the procedures set forth in Article 7 of these Bylaws, shall hold office for a term of one (1) year, and may not hold office for more than two (2) full consecutive terms.
(d) The term of office of each regularly elected officer shall begin on the June 1 following that officer's election. Each officer shall hold office until May 31 of the final year of the officer's term of office and until a successor has been elected and qualified, or until such officer's earlier death, resignation, or removal in the manner hereinafter provided. Election of an officer shall not of itself create any contract rights.
(e) The Corporate Secretary shall be designated by HFMA and shall not serve as a director.
Section 4.4 Resignation and Removal.
(a) Any officer may resign at any time by giving notice to the President or the Secretary. A resignation is effective when the notice is delivered unless the notice specifies a date later than the date of delivery. The resignation of an officer need not be accepted in order to be effective.
(b) Upon the recommendation of the Board of Directors, any officer of the Chapter may be removed when, in the judgment of the membership, the best interests of the Chapter or HFMA will be served by the removal. Such officer(s) may be removed only by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the voting members of the Chapter present at a meeting of the members of the Chapter for which written or electronic notice stating that a purpose of the meeting is to vote upon the removal of one or more of such officers named in the notice is delivered to all members. Only the named officer(s) may be removed at such meeting.
Section 4.5 Vacancies.
(a) Should a vacancy occur in the office of President, the President-Elect shall automatically succeed to that office and perform the duties thereof for the unexpired term. At the end of such term, that individual shall assume the office of President for the next full term.
(b) Should a vacancy occur in the office of President-Elect, the Board of Directors shall fill the vacancy from among the members of the Board of Directors for the unexpired term. An individual appointed to fill a vacancy in the office of President-Elect shall not succeed to the office of President unless so elected by action of the voting members of the Chapter.
(c) Should a vacancy occur in the offices of Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, or any other office, the Board of Directors shall fill the vacancy from among the members of the Board of Directors for the unexpired term.
Section 4.6 Compensation. No officer shall receive payment for services as an officer, except that an officer may be reimbursed for reasonable expenses incurred in connection with his or her service as an officer.
Section 4.7 Duties of the President. The President shall serve as the chief executive officer of the Chapter. The President shall preside at all meetings of the Chapter membership, the Board of Directors, and its Executive Committee, calling meetings of the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee, as the President deems necessary. The President shall exercise general supervision over the activities of the Chapter, shall assure adherence to the Chapter Bylaws and keep the members of the Board of Directors fully informed and consulted concerning the business of the Chapter. The President shall serve as an ex officio member of all committees.
Section 4.8 Duties of the President-Elect. In the absence of the President, or during the President's incapacity (as determined by the Board of Directors), the President's duties will be performed by the President-Elect. The President or the Board of Directors may assign such duties as will allow the President-Elect to become familiarized with the duties of the Presidency and the policies, objectives and general affairs of the Chapter.
Section 4.9 Duties of the Vice President. In the absence of both the President and President-Elect, or during their incapacity (as determined by the Board of Directors) the President's duties shall be performed by the Vice President. The President or the Board of Directors shall assign other duties to the Vice President as they may deem appropriate from time to time.
Section 4.10 Duties of the Treasurer. The Treasurer shall receive and disburse the funds of the Chapter. The Treasurer shall keep and preserve proper vouchers and books of account that shall be open to inspection by the Board of Directors and subject to periodic review. The Treasurer shall deposit funds of the Chapter in such financial institutions as may be approved by the Board of Directors and shall disburse funds only upon approved vouchers. The Treasurer shall submit regular financial reports to the Board of Directors and an annual financial report to the Chapter membership and HFMA along with such other reports as may be required by HFMA from time to time, including a required annual financial review.
Section 4.11 Duties of the Secretary. The Secretary, or his or her designee, shall record the proceedings of the meetings of the Chapter and shall notify members of their election to office, maintain a roster of members, issue notices of all meetings, and perform such other duties as may be assigned to them from time to time by the President.
Section 4.12 Duties of the Corporate Secretary. The Corporate Secretary shall have the authority to sign corporate documents on behalf of the Chapter.
Section 5.1 General Powers and Duties.
(a) The affairs of the Chapter shall be managed by or under the direction of its Board of Directors.
(b) The Board of Directors shall have the powers and duties ordinarily delegated to the governing body of a corporation, including the following:
1. To exercise its legal authority and responsibility in the general direction and conduct of the affairs of the Chapter in order to promote the purposes of the Chapter;
2. To establish general administrative procedures governing the activities of the Chapter and to develop long-term policies to foster the Chapter's growth and development;
3. To transact the general business of the Chapter;
4. To create and appoint members to committees of the Chapter Board of Directors and committees of the Chapter, and to direct and review all activities of all such committees;
5. To call regular and special meetings of the Chapter as may be required;
6. To report to the Chapter annually its activities, including an annual financial report, and to make such interim reports as may be necessary and advisable; and
7. To take or cause to be taken such other action as it deems necessary to carry out the duties and intentions of these Bylaws.
Section 5.2 Qualifications. Directors shall be voting members of the Chapter in good standing.
Section 5.3 Composition.
(a) The Board of Directors shall consist of twelve (12) voting members.
(b) The Board shall be composed as follows:
1. Five (5) elected Chapter officers who shall serve ex officio as voting directors;
2. Seven (7) elected voting directors;
3. The immediate past president of the Chapter who shall be appointed to serve ex officio as a non-voting director; and
4. A representative of the Arizona Hospital Association who shall be appointed to serve ex officio as a non-voting director.
(a) Elected directors shall be elected by action of the voting members of the Chapter at an annual Chapter meeting or, if so determined by the Board of Directors, by written ballot pursuant to the procedures set forth in Article 7 of these Bylaws, for a term of two (2) years. No director shall hold office for more than two (2) full consecutive terms.
(b) The term of office of each regularly elected director shall begin on the June 1 following that director's election. Each director shall hold office until May 31 of the final year of the director's term of office, and until a successor has been elected and qualified, or until such director's earlier death, resignation, or removal in the manner hereinafter provided.
Section 5.5 Resignation. A director may resign at any time by written notice delivered to the President or the Secretary. A resignation is effective when the notice is delivered unless the notice specifies a date later than the date of delivery. The resignation of a director need not be accepted in order to be effective.
Section 5.6 Removal of Directors.
(a) Upon the recommendation of the Board of Directors, one or more directors may be removed when, in the judgment of the membership, the best interests of the Chapter or HFMA will be served thereby. Cause for removal shall include, but shall not be limited to, failure of the director to attend at least three (3) Board meetings during any calendar year.
(b) An elected director may be removed by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the voting members present at a meeting of the members of the Chapter for which electronic or written notice stating that a purpose of the meeting is to vote upon the removal of one or more directors named in the notice is delivered to all members. Only the named director(s) may be removed at such meeting.
(c) An appointed director may be removed by action of the Board of Directors.
Section 5.7 Vacancies. Any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors and any directorship to be filled by reason of an increase in the number of directors shall be filled by action of the Board of Directors. A director appointed to fill a vacancy shall be appointed for the unexpired term of his or her predecessor in office or, if the director is appointed because of an increase in the number of directors, the term of such director shall expire at the next regular election unless otherwise specified in the action appointing such director in order to maintain staggered terms among the Board of Directors.
Section 5.8 Regular Meetings. A minimum of four (4) regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held each year, one of which shall be designated the annual Chapter meeting.
Section 5.9 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by or at the request of the President or any three voting directors, and such person or persons may fix any reasonable place and time for holding any special meeting of the Board of Directors so called.
Section 5.10 Notice of Meetings.
(a) Notice of any meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given in accordance with these Bylaws at least ten (10) days in advance thereof by written notice to each director at the address shown for such director on the records of the Chapter, delivered by U.S. mail, facsimile, or electronic communication.
(b) Notice of any meeting of the Board of Directors may be waived in a writing signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice either before or after the time of the meeting. Attendance of a director at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except where a director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
(c) Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular meeting of the Board of Directors need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting, unless specifically required by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws. Notice of special meetings shall state the purpose of the meeting.
Section 5.11 Quorum. A majority of the currently seated voting directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting; provided that, if less than a majority of the directors are present, a majority of the directors then present may adjourn the meeting to another time without further notice. Withdrawal of interested directors as defined in Section 5.17 from any meeting shall not cause failure of a duly constituted quorum at that meeting.
Section 5.12 Action at a Meeting. Each voting director shall be entitled to one vote. The affirmative vote of the majority of the voting directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors, unless the act of a greater number is required by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws. In the case of a tie vote, the position taken by the presiding officer shall determine the action of the Board of Directors.
Section 5.13 Proxy Prohibited; Presumption of Assent.
(a) No director may act by proxy on any matter; provided that, directors may act without a meeting pursuant to the procedures set forth in Section 5.15 of these Bylaws.
(b) A director who is present at a meeting at which action on any matter is taken by the Board of Directors is conclusively presumed to have assented to the action taken unless such director's dissent or abstention is entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless such director files his or her written dissent or abstention to such action with the person acting as the secretary of the meeting before the adjournment of such meeting or forwards such dissent or abstention by registered or certified mail to the Secretary immediately after the adjournment of such meeting. Such right to dissent or abstain does not apply to a director who voted in favor of such action.
Section 5.14 Attendance by Telephone. Directors may participate in and vote at any meeting through the use of a conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can communicate with each other. Participation in such meeting shall constitute attendance and presence in person at the meeting.
Section 5.15 Action Without a Meeting. Any action required or permitted by law to be taken at a meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting (i.e. by mail) if a consent in writing setting forth the action so taken shall be signed by all currently seated directors. The consent shall be evidenced by one or more written approvals, each of which sets forth the action taken and bears the signature of one or more directors. All the approvals evidencing the consent shall be delivered to the Secretary to be filed in the records of the Chapter. The action taken shall be effective when all the directors have approved the consent unless the consent specifies a different effective date. Any such consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote. The written request for action and the written consent thereto may be delivered by U.S. mail, by facsimile, or by electronic communication.
Section 5.16 Compensation; Reimbursement. No director shall receive any payment for services as a director, except that a director may be reimbursed for reasonable expenses incurred in connection with his or her service as a director.
Section 5.17 Interested Directors.
(a) A director who is directly or indirectly a party to a transaction with the Chapter (an "interested director") shall disclose the material facts of the transaction and his or her interest in or relationship to such transaction to the members, the Board of Directors, or any committee of the Board of Directors or committee of the Chapter considering such transaction prior to any action by the members, the Board of Directors, or such committee to authorize, approve, or ratify such transaction. A director is indirectly a party to a transaction if the director has a material financial interest or is an officer, director, or general partner in an entity which is a party to the transaction.
(b) The presence of the interested director or of a director who is otherwise not disinterested may be counted in determining whether a quorum of members, the Board of Directors, or a committee is present but may not be counted when action is taken on the transaction.
Section 6.1 Committees of the Board of Directors.
(a) The Board of Directors may by resolution create one or more standing or special committees of the Board of Directors; appoint a director as chairperson of each committee; and appoint directors and other members of the Chapter to serve on the committee or committees. Each committee may exercise the authority of the Board of Directors to the extent permitted by law and as specified by the Board of Directors or in the Articles of Incorporation or these Bylaws, but the designation and appointment of any such committee and the delegation thereto of authority shall not operate to relieve the Board of Directors, or any individual director, of any responsibility imposed by law. A committee shall not take any action that is inconsistent with these Bylaws or that revokes or amends any previous action by the Board of Directors which is still in effect.
(b) Each standing or special committee of the Board of Directors shall have two or more directors as members, at least a majority of its members shall be directors, and all committee members shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. Committee members, other than officers of the Chapter who serve ex officio, each shall be appointed for a one (1)-year term and may not serve for more than five (5) full consecutive terms.
(c) The President of the Chapter shall serve ex officio as a voting member of each committee of the Board of Directors.
Section 6.2 Action of Committees of the Board of Directors. A majority of a committee of the Board of Directors shall constitute a quorum. The act of a majority of committee members present and voting at a committee meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the committee. No member of such committee of the Board of Directors may act by proxy and, to the extent provided in these Bylaws for presumption of assent of directors, assent is presumed for committee members. A committee member may participate in and act at any meeting through the use of a conference telephone or other similar communications equipment, and the committee may act by unanimous consent in writing without a meeting, in the manner provided by these Bylaws for the Board of Directors. Subject to these Bylaws and to action by the Board of Directors, a majority of the members of a committee of the Board of Directors shall determine the time and place of committee meetings and the notice required for such meetings.
Section 6.3 Executive Committee.
(a) There shall be an Executive Committee of the Board of Directors which may be known by such other title as the Board deems appropriate.
(b) The Executive Committee shall be composed of the elected officers of the Chapter, each of whom shall serve ex officio, plus two (2) at-large current voting directors, both of whom having served as directors during the previous year. Such at-large directors shall be elected for one (1) one (1)-year term at the last regular meeting of the Board of Directors preceding the beginning of the fiscal year in which they will serve. A vacancy among the at-large directors on the Executive Committee shall be filled by action of the Board.
(c) The President shall serve as chairperson of the Executive Committee and the Secretary shall serve as secretary of the Executive Committee.
(d) The Executive Committee shall act upon such matters as may be referred to it during intervals between meetings of the Board of Directors to the extent permitted by law and as specified by the Board of Directors.
(e) Meetings of the Executive Committee may be called by the President or any two (2) Executive Committee members. Written notice of any such meeting shall be provided at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting via U.S. mail, facsimile, or electronic communication. Neither the purpose of nor the business to be transacted at any such meeting need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of the meeting. A copy of each notice of an Executive Committee meeting shall be provided simultaneously to each member of the Board of Directors in order to allow the members to express their views on matters which may be considered at such meeting.
(f) The Secretary, or his or her designee, shall keep a record of the proceedings of the Executive Committee and shall present such record of proceedings at each Board of Directors meeting.
Section 6.4 Other Committees of the Board of Directors. In addition to the Executive Committee, the Board of Directors may create such other standing committees as it deems advisable.
Section 6.5 Committees of the Chapter.
(a) The Board of Directors may by resolution create one or more standing or special committees of the Chapter; appoint a chairperson of each committee; and appoint directors and other members of the Chapter to serve on the committee, a majority of whom need not be directors. Committees of the Chapter may not act on behalf of the Chapter or bind it to any action, but may make recommendations to the Board of Directors or to the officers.
(b) The number of committee members of each standing and special committee of the Chapter shall be determined by the chairperson of the committee, subject to approval by the President. Committee members shall be appointed for one (1)-year terms and may not serve for more than 5 full consecutive terms. Terms of such committee members may be staggered.
(c) The Board of Directors may by resolution appoint one or more individuals who are not members of the Chapter to serve, at the pleasure of the Board, as advisors to a committee of the Chapter. Advisors may, at the discretion of the chairperson of the committee, be present at committee meetings but may not vote.
Section 6.6 Action of Committees of the Chapter. A majority of a committee of the Chapter shall constitute a quorum. The act of a majority of committee members present and voting at a committee meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the committee. No member of such committee may act by proxy and, to the extent provided in these Bylaws for presumption of assent of directors, assent is presumed for committee members. A committee member may participate in and act at any meeting through the use of a conference telephone or other similar communications equipment, and the committee may act by unanimous consent in writing without a meeting, in the manner provided by these Bylaws for the Board of Directors. Subject to these Bylaws and to action by the Board of Directors, a majority of the members of a committee of the Chapter shall determine the time and place of committee meetings and the notice required for such meetings.
Section 6.7 Nominating Committee.
(a) The Nominating Committee shall be a committee of the Chapter whose purpose it shall be to nominate officer and director candidates from among qualified members of the Chapter.
(b) The Nominating Committee shall be composed of three (3) Chapter members, each of whom shall be appointed by the President for a one (1) year term.
(c) The Nominating Committee shall meet at least once each fiscal year. The chairperson of the committee shall report out the names of the candidates, each of whom shall have provided written or electronic consent to stand for election, to the President of the Chapter within ten (10) days of receipt of such consents, but in no event later than January 31 of each year.
Section 6.8 Financial Review Committee.
(a) The Financial Review Committee shall be a committee of the Chapter whose purpose it shall be to ensure that a financial review is performed on the books and financial records of the Chapter at the close of each fiscal year.
(b) The Financial Review Committee shall be composed of two (2) Chapter members, each of whom shall be appointed by the Board of Directors for a one (1) two (2)-year term with an alternate rotation off every year.
(c) The Financial Review Committee shall meet at least once each fiscal year.
(d) The Financial Review Committee, or its designees, shall:
1. Perform or have performed an annual review of the Chapter's financial records and communicate the results in writing to the Board of Directors;
2. Review and report in writing to the Board of Directors on the adequacy of the Chapter's internal controls; and
3. Perform such other duties as may be assigned by the Board of Directors.
Section 6.9 Other Committees of the Chapter. In addition to the above committees, the Board of Directors may create such other committees of the Chapter as it deems advisable.
Section 6.10 Term of Office, Removal of Committee Members, and Committee Longevity.
(a) Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the term of office of each committee member shall begin at the beginning of the committee meeting following that committee member's appointment, and shall continue until a successor is elected or appointed, unless the committee is sooner terminated, or the member resigns from the committee, is removed from the committee, or ceases to qualify as a member thereof.
(b) Any committee member may be removed by the Board of Directors whenever, in its judgment, the best interests of the Chapter or HFMA will be served by the removal.
(c) No committee shall continue beyond the next annual meeting of the Board of Directors after the designation of the committee unless otherwise expressly provided in the resolution creating the committee.
Election By Written Ballot
Section 7.1 Procedures.
(a) A regular election of the Chapter shall be held each year.
(b) If so determined by the Board of Directors, elections may be accomplished by means of secret written ballot sent to voting members of the Chapter. Written balloting may be accomplished via U.S. mail, facsimile, or electronic means. The Board shall establish and publish rules and procedures for the fair and orderly conduct of elections.
(c) By no later than March 1 of each year, each voting member in good standing shall be sent an election ballot containing the names of the candidates nominated by the Nominating Committee, together with a notice explaining the procedure to be followed in submitting such ballots. No nominee's name shall be included on the election ballot unless the nominee has indicated in writing a willingness to serve if elected.
(d) The election ballot shall set forth at least one (1) nominee for each office and directorship to be filled. Provision also shall be made for write-in candidates. Election shall be by majority vote of the members of the Chapter submitting ballots in such election.
(e) The Secretary or Treasurer, and at least one other director, shall oversee the counting of election ballots. The results of regular elections of the Chapter shall be determined and reported to the Board of Directors and to all nominees within thirty days after the final date for the return of election ballots. The Chair shall announce the names of the new officers and directors at the Annual Chapter Meeting. The results of a special election of the Chapter shall be determined, reported to the Board of Directors and the nominees, and announced to members of the Chapter as soon after the special election as is reasonably possible.
Section 7.2 New Officers and Directors. New officers and directors shall be present, but shall not vote unless qualified by an office or directorship held prior to the election, at sessions of the Board of Directors occurring after his/her election or appointment but before June 1. New officers and directors shall take office on the June 1 following their election.
Contracts and Financial Transactions
Section 8.1 Contracts. The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents of the Chapter to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Chapter, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.
Section 8.2 Loans. No loans shall be contracted on behalf of the Chapter and no evidences of indebtedness shall be issued in the name of the Chapter unless authorized by a resolution of the Board of Directors or by action of a duly empowered committee of the Board of Directors. Such authority may be general or confined to specified instances. No loan shall be made by the Chapter to a director or officer of the Chapter.
Section 8.3 Checks, Drafts, Etc. All checks, drafts, or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidence of indebtedness, issued in the name of the Chapter, shall be signed by such officer or officers, agent or agents of the Chapter and in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors or by action of a duly empowered committee of the Board of Directors.
Section 8.4 Deposits. All funds of the Chapter shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the Chapter in such banks, trust companies, or other depositories as the Board of Directors may select.
Section 8.5 Gifts. The Board of Directors may accept on behalf of the Chapter any contribution, gift, bequest, or devise for the general purposes or for any special purpose of the Chapter.
The Chapter shall keep correct and complete books and records of account and shall also keep minutes of the proceedings of its members, Board of Directors, and committees having any authority of the Board of Directors, and shall keep at its registered office or principal office a record giving the names and addresses of its members, directors, officers, and committee members. All books and records of the Chapter may be inspected by any member, or any member's agent or attorney, for any proper purpose at any reasonable time.
The fiscal year of the Chapter shall be from June 1 to May 31.
Section 11.1 Manner of Notice. Whenever under the provisions of law, the Articles of Incorporation, or these Bylaws, any notice whatever is required to be given to any officer, director, or member of the Chapter, it shall not be construed to require personal delivery. Such notice may be given in writing electronically, by facsimile, or by depositing it in a sealed envelope in the United States mail, postage prepaid and addressed to such officer, director, or member at his or her address as it appears on the books of the Chapter, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when it is thus deposited in the United States mail; or such notice may be given in writing by any other means and if given by such other means, shall be deemed given when received. Such requirement for notice shall be deemed satisfied, except in case of meetings of members or meetings of directors or committees of the Board of Directors with respect to which written notice is required by law, if actual notice is received orally or in writing by the person entitled thereto as far in advance of the event with respect to which notice is given as the minimum notice period required by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws.
Section 11.2 Waiver of Notice. Whenever any notice is required to be given by law, by the Articles of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Attendance at any meeting shall constitute waiver of notice thereof unless the person attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the holding of the meeting because proper notice was not given.
All deliberations of the Chapter, its Board of Directors, and its committees shall be governed by parliamentary procedure as interpreted by the current edition of Robert's Rules of Order, Newly Revised, when not in conflict with these Bylaws, the Articles of Incorporation, or the law.
The Chapter shall not adopt any policy, practice, or procedure which results in discrimination on the basis of race, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, or disability.
Indemnification and Insurance
Each person who at any time is or shall have been a director, officer, employee, or agent of the Chapter or is or shall have been serving at the request of the Chapter as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall be indemnified by the Chapter in accordance with and to the full extent permitted by the Illinois General Not For Profit Corporation Act of 1986, as in effect at the time of adoption of these Bylaws or as amended from time to time, and by any subsequent Illinois not for profit corporation law. The foregoing right of indemnification shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of disinterested directors, or otherwise. If authorized by the Board of Directors, the Chapter may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person to the full extent permitted by the Illinois General Not for Profit Corporation Act of 1986, as in effect at the time of the adoption of these Bylaws or as amended from time to time, and by any subsequent Illinois not for profit corporation law.
Upon the dissolution of the Chapter, the Board of Directors shall make provision for the payment, satisfaction, and discharge of all of the liabilities and obligations of the Chapter, and shall return, transfer, or convey any assets held by the Chapter upon a condition requiring return, transfer, or conveyance by reason of the dissolution. Thereafter, the Board of Directors shall transfer or convey the remaining assets of the Chapter to HFMA.
Section 16.1 Authority. These Bylaws may be altered, amended, or repealed, or new bylaws adopted, provided that the resulting Bylaws of the Chapter are consistent with the law and the Articles of Incorporation.
Section 16.2 Procedure for Amending Bylaws.
(a) A Resolution to Amend the Bylaws, setting forth the full text of the proposed amendment and approved by the Chapter Board of Directors, shall be submitted for review by HFMA.
(b) HFMA shall approve or disapprove the Resolution, or approve same upon condition that it be revised in stated particulars, and shall transmit its action in writing to the Chapter Board of Directors.
(c) Upon receipt of the approved Resolution or upon adoption of a Resolution to Amend the Bylaws embodying any revisions stipulated by HFMA, the Secretary of the Chapter, or his or her designee, shall mail or electronically forward a copy of the Resolution to each voting member of the Chapter together with a notice of the meeting at which the vote on the amendment(s) is to be taken.
(d) An amendment shall be adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of Chapter members, present in person or by proxy, at a meeting for which proper notice and information has been provided.
(e) Upon adoption, the Bylaws shall be immediately revised incorporating said amendment(s) and a copy of the Bylaws shall be transmitted to HFMA for filing.
(f) Amendments to the Bylaws shall become effective upon adoption, unless otherwise provided in the text of the amendment.
ADOPTED: January 2007
APPROVED: April 16, 2007
MOST RECENT AMENDMENT:
Healthcare Financial Management Association
The purpose of the conflict of interest policy is to protect the interests of this tax exempt organization, (the "Organization"), when it is contemplating entering into a transaction or arrangement that might benefit the private interest of an officer or director of the Organization or might result in a possible excess benefit transaction. This policy is intended to supplement but not replace any applicable state and federal laws governing conflict of interest applicable to nonprofit and charitable organizations.
1. Interested Person
Any director, principal officer, or member of a committee with governing board delegated powers, who has a direct or indirect financial interest, as defined below, is an interested person.
2. Financial Interest
A person has a financial interest if the person has, directly or indirectly, through business, investment, or family:
a. An ownership or investment interest in any entity with which the Organization has a transaction or arrangement,
b. A compensation arrangement with any entity or individual with which the Organization has a transaction arrangement, or
c. A proposal ownership or investment interest in, or compensation arrangement with, any entity or individual with which the Organization is negotiating a transaction or arrangement. Compensation includes direct or indirect remuneration as well as gifts or favors that are not insubstantial.
A financial interest is not necessarily a conflict of interest. Under Article III, Section 2, a person who has a financial interest may have a conflict of interest only if the appropriate governing board or committee decides that a conflict of interest exists.
a. In connection with any actual or possible conflict of interest, an interested person must disclose the existence of the financial interest and be given the opportunity to disclose all material facts to the directors and members of committees with governing board delegated powers considering the proposed transaction or arrangement.
b. The remaining board or committee members shall decide if a conflict of interest exists.
c. After disclosure of the financial interest and all materials facts, and after any discussion with the interested person, he/she shall leave the governing board or committee meeting while the determination of a conflict of interest is discussed and voted upon.
d. An interested person may make a presentation at the governing board or committee meeting, but after the presentation, he/she shall leave the meeting during the discussion of, and the vote on, the transaction or arrangement involving the possible conflict of interest.
As the nation's leading membership organization for healthcare financial management executives, HFMA prides itself on its adherence to federal, state, and local laws and/or regulations, including business ethics policies. HFMA has adopted a Code of Ethics, which requires each member of HFMA to promote the highest standards of professional conduct by practicing honesty and maintaining personal integrity. In furtherance of these principles, HFMA has adopted a whistleblower protection policy. Pursuant to this policy, as applicable to HFMA itself, any employee or member who becomes aware of any violation of federal, state, or local law or regulation, including any financial wrongdoing, should immediately report the violation to the President to allow the organization to investigate and, if applicable, correct the situation or condition.
If the President is involved or is believed to be involved in the matter being reported, employees or members may, in the alternative, make a report to the Chair of the Board of Directors. HFMA will conduct an investigation and take appropriate action within a reasonable period of time. Such complaints will be held in confidence to the extent the needs of the investigation permit.
If the violation of federal, state, or local law or regulation, or financial wrongdoing, concerns an HFMA chapter, the member (or the chapter employee, if applicable), should report the violation to the Chapter President. If the Chapter President is involved or is believed to be involved in the matter being reported, the violation should be reported to HFMA's President.
"Financial wrongdoing" may include, but is not limited to:
• questionable accounting practices;
• fraud or deliberate error in financial statements or recordkeeping;
• deficiencies of internal accounting controls;
• misrepresentations to company officers or accounting personnel.
If any member or employee reports in good faith what the member or employee believes to be a violation of the law and/or financial wrongdoing to an HFMA chapter or HFMA, its legal counsel, or to a federal, state, or local agency or assists in an investigation concerning financial wrongdoing, it is HFMA's policy that there will be no retaliation taken against the member or employee.
Members and employees are reminded of the importance of keeping financial matters confidential. Members and employees with questions concerning the confidentiality or appropriateness of disclosure of particular information should contact the Chapter President or HFMA National office executive.
The contact information for the HFMA National officials referenced in this policy is available at the National HFMA Board page.
Record Retention Policy
Policy: All documents produced as a result of conducting the affairs of the Association shall be properly stored and safeguarded in order that a complete and accurate record of business transactions is readily available at all times. Recognizing that no valid reason exists to retain all documents for an indefinite period of time, certain documents may be disposed of when their retention will not serve a useful purpose. Therefore, documents may be disposed of in accordance with the record retention schedule which is listed below and is part of this policy.
Purpose: The policy is intended to organize and standardize the Association's practices with regard to the retention and destruction, when appropriate, of Association documents.
Accounting Years
Accounts Payable Ledger 7
Accounts Receivable Ledger 7
Audit Reports P
Balance Sheets P
Bills, Paid 7
Cash Books P
Cash Disbursements P
Cash Payroll P
Cash Receipts P
Cash Register 10
Check Stubs 7
Checked, Cancelled 7
Checked, Payroll 7
Checked, Petty Cash 7
Correspondence 5
Memos, Credit 7
Memos, Debit 7
Expense Records 7
Financial Statements P
Invoices 7
Journals & Ledgers P
Notes Paid P
Operating Statements P
Payroll Journals 10
Petty Cash Reports 7
Trial Balances P
Trial Balances, Accounts Payable 7
Trial Balances, Accounts Receivable 7
Trial Balances, General Ledger P
Voucher Register (Journal) P
Drawing & Artwork 2
Signature Authorized P
Deposit Books 3
Deposit Slips 3
Reconcilements 3
Authorizations 7
Statistical Analysis of Expense 7
Corporate Papers
Articles of Incorporation P
Charter P
Constitution & Bylaws P
Documents with Register P
Minute Books P
Fidelty 8
Inspection Certificates 7
Liability 8
Workmen's Compensation 10
Inventory Control 7
Plant & Fixtures P
Contracts, Customers (non-government) 10
Contracts, Government Contracts 4
Employees P
Royalities P
Claims and litigation files 10
Copyright, patent and trademark registration P
Earning Records P
Employment Releases P
Employee Contracts 10
Garnishments 10
Government Reports 6
Insurance, Hospital 7
Payroll Analysis 7
Pensions P
Service Records P
Time Cards 5
Wage Rate Changes 8
Inventories P
Depreciation records P
Annual Reports P
Purchase Orders 7
Purchase Journal/Register 7
Accounts Receivable Register 7
Customer Orders 7
Remittance Statements 2
Sales Journal/Register 7
Summaries of Expense 7
Income P
Property P
Sales P
Social Security P
Withholdi
© 2020 AZ Healthcare Financial Management Association All rights reserved.


The 12 Healing Oils Of The Bible – God is always taking care of us. Even when we are bothered by illness. Healing essential oils are a gift from God that we can use for healing and improving our health. The healing properties of these 12 oils are already very well known. But did you know that they were used for thousands of years and they are mentioned in The Bible. The mentioning of these healing oils in The Holy Bible is not coincidence. God wants us to use them. Because they are natural healers. With no side effects or harmful compounds. Let's see the 12 Healing Oils Of The Bible.
Frankincense – this essential oil is mentioned most frequently in The Bible. And it was used by our ancestors for numerous purposes. For example: used on altars, as perfume, currency, in rituals and it was one of the Magi's gifts for the child Jesus Christ.
Aloe Vera – this essential oil is very popular because it was used as ointment for Jesus Christ, after His crucifixion. It was also used in healing, as incense and as perfume. Aloe Vera is still a great healing plant in our days. And you can find it in many beauty and healing products.
Cedarwood – this powerful healing oil was used in cleansing leprosy. But it was also used in rituals and as perfume. Even Solomon mentions it as a sacred essential oil in I Kings 4:34. Cedarwood contains very powerful antioxidant compounds. Therefore, it was a great option for healing and cleansing wounds.
Myrrh – it is another popular item in my top 12 Healing Oils Of The Bible. It was also a gift for the child Jesus Christ from the Magi, such as Frankincense. It was also used in rituals, on altars and as incense. Mixed with wine, Myrrh was given to Jesus Christ on the cross, to ease His pain. It was often eaten mixed with spices for healing. And used as ointment.
Cassia – it is some kind of cinnamon. More specifically, it is the inner bark of the plant called Cinnamomum Cassia. The essential oil of Cassia was used often in healing and a perfume. But it was also a popular anointment. With a specific and pleasing fragrance.
Cypress – this powerful healing pant appears numerous times in The Bible. It was used as currency, perfume and many more. Cypress wood, due to its properties, was a great choice for making weapons.
Hyssop – this powerful plant with precious properties such as anti-fungal and anti-bacterial was used often in cleansing and rituals. It even appears in John 19:29 as the stalk for the sponge soaked in wine. That was given to Jesus Christ on the cross.
Myrtle – this plant was popular in ancient times. It symbolized abundance and provision. But it was also used in healing. Myrtle appears in the Bible 5 times. They often used Myrtle wood in the construction of ceremonial booths.
Galbanum – it is a plant with a very delicate and beautiful fragrance. It was used in rituals and ceremonies as a perfume. As described in Exodus 30:34.
Spikenard – this plant appears multiple times in The Bible. And due to its beautiful fragrance, it was often used in aroma therapy and as perfume. But it was also used as ointment. It is even mentioned in John 12:3 as ointment given to Jesus Christ after His crucifixion.
Rose Of Sharon – this plant is only mentioned once in The Bible. The Song of Solomon 2:1 mentions this plant. This plant knows some controversy, because it was translated in multiple versions. And we don't exactly know which version is the best.
Onycha – the last one on my 12 Healing Oils Of The Bible list. This is another mysterious essential oil. Many thinks that it was a flowering plant, because it was used as a perfume in rituals and on altars. As mentioned in Exodus 30:34. But there are theories that identify Onycha as the shell of a mussel.
In conclusion, these 12 Healing Oils Of The Bible are literally in the Holy Scripture. And they were used by our ancestors for different purposes. But mostly for healing and treating conditions. Most of these essential oils are popular even today. And they are used, not only for healing, but also in aromatherapy.
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Last year, East Lansing's Hannah Community Center had a target on its back. If voters did not approve a tax increase, the center was high on the cost-saving list.
Droves of residents called city officials or spoke at public comment about the value the center brought to the city.
So much so that the city is looking in the other direction.
The City Council hopes a soon-to-launch advisory committee, designed solely to explore the future of the center, will guide improvements and programming for the next decade. Revenues and taxpayer-funded subsidies climb every year, but officials want to be sure they've continued to keep the community hub on the right track.
The East Lansing City Council came up with the idea last year to help gather information on national trends and community expectations to generate plans for improvements at the community center. The work group is scheduled to meet by March 1 and submit its priorities for Council members' consideration later this year.
And officials don't expect they'll have any trouble finding support for the long-cherished, community hotspot.
Pam Weil learned to swim there when it was still the John A. Hannah Middle School. The East Lansing School District sold the building to the city in 1998 for about $150,000. Voters at the time approved a bond millage to transform the space into the community center. It still bore Hannah's name when it opened in 2002.
Councilwoman Shanna Draheim wants to keep the committee focused on "bigger picture" ideas that could include renovations and added programming as the Council crafts the city's revised master plan. And as general fund subsidies for the space continue to climb, some city officials are also focused on financial independence.
City Council last year allocated $844,000 from the general fund to float the community center's annual budget. It's an investment that has steadily climbed (by about 32 percent) over the last five years. City records indicate the center has only generated enough revenue to cover about 60 percent of its expenses since 2014.
Most Council members aren't concerned about the financial support. The crowds that turn out to swim in the pools or use the fitness center help to showcase its value in the city. Space is also available there for classes such as Zumba, karate, painting, basketball, pickleball and dance. The Prime Time Senior Center also operates inside.
East Lansing's Parks, Recreation and Arts Director Tim McCaffrey said the building was constructed nearly a century ago and hasn't had a significant renovation in decades. A 2015 report recommended at least $3.35 million in renovations, of which $1.12 million was identified as "necessary." Nothing has since been done.


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January 2019 Course Descriptions
BKSM welcomes anyone to take courses with us for personal enrichment or continuing education!
January courses begin officially on December 10, the focus weekend takes place January 12-13, and final assignments are due February 8.
While the weekend begins with breakfast at 7:30 for students on ordination, lay certificate and PMA tracks, course instruction does not begin until 1:00 p.m., which gives you the flexibility of driving to Topeka on Saturday morning
That being said, you are welcome to spend the night at Upton Hall on Friday night, and join us for breakfast and morning prayer on Saturday morning. While the 8:45 colloquium session is a closed group for students on ordination, PMA, and lay certificate tracks, you are encouraged to join us at 10:15 for our praxis session, which addresses some practical area of ministry.
If you would like to audit a course, the tuition is $100. If you would like to take the class for credit, the tuition is $180. The cost includes meals and overnight accommodations at Upton Hall on Friday and Saturday night (on a space-available basis). If you wish to take the class for credit, we encourage you to enroll by December 10. If you wish to audit the class, you may register at any time prior to the focus weekend. However, your learning experience will be better if you have time to complete the assigned readings for the class.
Anglican Ethics
In this class, students explore distinctive Anglican approaches to moral questions by studying the traditions of Anglican ethics and their contemporary relevance in the practical life of today's church.
Anglican Theological Review 94:2 (articles by Greenman and Sedgwick) and 94:4 (articles by Smith, Dackson, and Gibson, and responses by Sedgwick, Davis, and Wondra). Available for free download at www.anglicantheologicalreview.org. Use the "read" button and then go to "browse previous issues."
Sedgwick, Timothy. The Christian Moral Life: Practices of Piety. Eerdmans, 1999.
The Very Rev. Dr. Don H. Compier (Ph.D. in theology, Emory University) is Dean of the Bishop Kemper School for Ministry. He also serves as Canon Theologian of the Episcopal Diocese of Kansas and presides at the Spanish service at St. Paul's in Kansas City, Kansas. Previously, Compier taught Master's and Ph.D. courses in theology, philosophy, and modern church history at the Church Divinity School of the Pacific and the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley, CA. He has also offered classes at Saint Paul School of Theology and Eden Theological Seminary. He led the graduate program in religion at Graceland University from 2002 until 2014, developing an innovative online curriculum. He is currently researching the history of Eucharistic thought in Anglicanism.
Christian History I
This course explores Christian history from the end of the New Testament period (about A.D. 150) to AD 1000. We see Christianity as a small religion among many in the Roman Empire, then as that empire's official faith, and then as a growing movement continually encountering pagan cultures in the Mediterranean world and northern Europe, changing those cultures and being changed by them. Information on Eastern Christianity will help us understand Western Christianity. The course involves short lectures that leave plenty of room for discussion.
Wilken, Robert L. The First Thousand Years: A Global History of Christianty. Yale University Press, 2012.
The Very Rev. Dr. George Wiley taught religion at Baker University for 35 years and has been serving the Diocese of Kansas as canon pastor since 2014. He holds a Ph.D. in historical theology from Emory University. As a teacher, he is known for engaging with students and creating an inviting classroom atmosphere
Christian Ethics (D)
This class is designed for students enrolled on the deacon track as well anyone seeking a better understanding of Christian Ethics for personal enrichment. Rather than taking an issues-based approach to Christian ethics, this course will tell the story of Christian ethics, considering the ways in which people in the Church have responded to God's work in their midst through word and deed. In telling this story, there will be three primary trajectories: Scripture, historical theology, and contemporary theological ethics. These three trajectories will shape the questions of the class, some of which will sound like the following: What is the place of Christian-ethical reflection in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament? How might Kierkegaard's concept of the "teleological suspension of the ethical" in Fear and Trembling shape the way encounters those complex moments that demand ethical discernment? What has Christian ethics to do with modern city planning? As these and other questions are asked, at the forefront of deliberation will be the pursuit to understand the relation between the Word's eternal wisdom and the Word's work of making all things new.
Brock, Brian. Captive to Christ, Open to the World: On Doing Christian Ethics in Public. Eugene: Cascade Books, 2014.
Wells, Samuel and Quash, Ben. Introduction to Christian Ethics. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2010.
Wells, Samuel, editor. Christian Ethics: An Introductory Reader. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2010.
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich. Ethics, ed. Ilse Tödt, Heinz Eduard Tödt, Ernst Feil, and Clifford Green, trans. Reinhard Krauss, Charles West, and Douglas Scott. Dietrich Bonhoeffer Works 6. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2005 (Paperback, 2008).
Dr. Tyler Atkinson is Assistant Professor of Religion at Bethany College, Lindsborg, KS. Dr. Atkinson holds an M.Div. from the Divinity School, Duke University and a Ph.D. in theological ethics from the University of Aberdeen. His doctoral thesis, Singing at the Winepress: Ecclesiastes and the Ethics of Work, has recently been published by Bloomsbury T&T Clark (2015).
Polity & Canons
This course provides an overview of the governance of The Episcopal Church, including the Constitution and Canons of the Church, General Convention (and its Committees, Commissions, Agencies and Boards – "CCAB"), the offices of the Presiding Bishop and the President of the House of Deputies, the nine regional Provinces, the respective Dioceses and the individual congregations. In addition we will look at the governance (or lack thereof) of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the place of The Episcopal Church within that Communion.
Many Parts, One Body – How the Episcopal Church Works, James Dator with Jan Nunley (New York: Church Publishing, 2010)
Constitution and Canons of The Episcopal Church 2015: Together with the Rules of Order Adopted by the General Convention 1789-2015
Paperback copy is $35 and available on Amazon, or free online edition can be downloaded at: https://www.episcopalchurch.org/files/documents/2015_candc.pdf
Mr. Mike Morrow is an attorney with 30 years service as a career law clerk in the U.S. District Court in Kansas. He is a former member and President of the Council of
Trustees in the Diocese of Kansas. He presently serves as the intake officer. He has been a deputy to six general conventions. In 2018, he served on the general convention
committee on Safeguarding and Title IV. He previously served on the Canons committee for three conventions, including the 2009 convention which drafted the present Title IV canons.
Register for January Courses

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Michelle Arnold
Article at Authory
Refusing to Choose
Storytime again. Gather 'round, my friends.
When I was in junior high, the English teacher gave us a writing prompt for an essay. The prompt was that nuclear war had broken out and the writer was to imagine that he or she was huddled in a fallout shelter built and supplied for five people. Unfortunately, six people were crammed into the shelter, and it was our assignment to figure out who would be cast out into the nuclear wasteland.
I don't remember all of the descriptions of our choices. One of them though was a rabbi, which I remember for reasons I'll come back to.
Anyway, I thought the assignment sounded interesting and so I happily chattered about it at dinner that night. Much to my horror, my father became extremely angry and vowed to call the school to demand that I be excused from the assignment. He firmly believed that this was not an appropriate choice to ask of anyone, much less 14-year-old kids.
He followed through, and I was excused from the assignment. I was mortified that my dad had made such a stink. But then I listened to the essays when they were read by classmates. (I wasn't excused from that part.)
My classmates treated the assignment in a very trivial fashion, and were hooting and catcalling at each other's choices over who to throw out of the shelter. The teacher finally stepped in and ended the readings when a Jewish classmate said he'd throw out the rabbi so that the other survivors wouldn't have to be bored by the rabbi's prayers.
With that as background, perhaps you can guess my reaction to this hypothetical question that I found in my newsfeed:
You are required to attend a concert. (You don't get to answer, I wouldn't go, not an option.) You must attend one. At one concert you know there will be an attack by an automatic weapon. At one, there will be an attack with a hunting rifle, and at the third, a knife attack.
Which do you attend?
What would I do? I'd call the authorities and report that attacks were planned at three concerts. What kind of question is this, and how callous have we become that we can casually speculate on which planned atrocity we'd be willing to take our chances in attending?
(Image: Children's Peace Monument at Hiroshima, Pixabay.)


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Dagadi Chawl brings back action of 90s on screen
Dagadi Chawl, a film based on Mumbai mafia raj will bring back the action of 90s on screen for one more time. The Mumbai (then Bombay) of this era will be recreated on the screen to make the impact of this decade.
However, makers of this film have been claiming that this film is not centered on Mafia wars, but a romantic sweet love story based in this iconic building.
The film has been produced by Mangalmurti Films and Sai Pooja Films. The film is directed by debut director Chandrakant Kanse. The film stars Ankush Chaudhari,Pooja Sawant and Sanjay Khapre.
Tags : backbringsDagadi chawlDagadi Chawl brings back action of 90s on screenscreen


Stress Reliever - Letting Go by Dolor Söderbom - Android App Review. It seems stress is a constant factor in our modern daily lives. Everyone suffers from stress, starting from young children studying for exams to old people anxious not to be thrown out of their rented apartments because of unpaid rent.
But mainly, the ones who suffer from stress are working people. It does not matter whether you are a CEO of an industrial plant, a team leader in a software company, a programmer in a startup, a blue collar working or even a cop. Everyone suffers from stress. Those that don't make enough money are struggling to make more and keep what they have, and those that make plenty usually succumb to the pressures inherent in their work, if it's the annual report to the stock holders or a code review with a hostile team leader.
Make no mistake. Stress kill. It is not about mere comfort and pleasure in life. Stress really kills. Directly, as in heart attacks and strokes or indirectly, in overweight problems caused by stress induced over eating, smoking as a stress reducing factor or alcohol consumption. All three are some of the most lethal killers in our modern life.
So, what do we do about it? How do we relieve stress? Enter Stress Reliever - Letting Go by Dolor Söderbom, an app that tries to help us to relieve stress.
So, what did our reviewers say? First and foremost, the app is fairly easy to use. The interface is very straight forward and no one had a problem activating it, and we would expect nothing else from an app designed to reduce stress.
And here comes the big question. Did the app really help? The answer is yes. Reviewers who used the app per the instructions, i.e. half an hour every day for a month, found they were less susceptible to stress and could deal with stressful situations better.
It must now be stated that we at Android Review Center have to tools or way to know how effective the techniques used by Dolor Söderbom really are. Anyone who wishes to learn more about it can find extensive info here.
Our reviewers were able to reduce some of their stress with this app, and even if it happens because taking a scheduled break from the rat race reduces stress in itself, or because of the magic of Tod MacLaren voice, the end result is ultimately what matters.
Let us not forget that the hypnotherapeuti techniques devised by Hypnotherapist Dolor Söderbom are meant to reprogram the mind in a sense, making it able to turn stress into calmness by itself. The meaning of this is that listening to the techniques as they are narrated by Tod MacLaren should make one able to achieve a calmer state of mind and preserving it. Android Review Center is not a research or mediation center but a large proportion of our reviewers reported an extended period of calmness after using the app. This is very interesting in itself.
In conclusion, Stress Reliever - Letting Go by Dolor Söderbom is a very interesting app that has a real chance of reducing stress and tension, if only we could give it a chance and experience it for a month, per the instructions.
You can see an update of the review here.
Score: 4.5. It seemed effective enough, but we would have liked to have additional narration in addition to the native one.
Description: A stress relieving app that works by allowing us to listen to Tod MacLaren narrating techniques by licensed Hypnotherapist Dolor Söderbom.
Good Points: Very simple and effective interface. Makes us take a break in our overworked day. Has very interesting techniques. Tod MacLaren's voice is magical!
Bad Points: Not everyone has the patience to take a half hour break for one month.
Experience: The reviewers who took the time to really test the app enjoyed it immensely but the younger reviewers and the one with less patience could not be bothered by this app.
Longevity: For those who loved Söderbom's techniques, this app is a must. Still, the ones who found the app helped them would surely keep it installed.


text:
import { SanitizeHtmlPipe } from './sanitize-html.pipe';

describe('SanitizeHtmlPipe', () => {
  it('create an instance', () => {
    const pipe = new SanitizeHtmlPipe();
    expect(pipe).toBeTruthy();
  });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


CSCS Labourer is required for a site based on Hook available for an immediate start. You will be doing general labouring on a temporary basis with the potential for ongoing work for one of our clients. You will need a valid CSCS & full PPE and you will be working on a residential housing development site.


The Police - Synchronicity II - drums only. Isolated drum track.
Rocksmith Remastered - DLC - Guitar - The Police "Synchronicity II"
Synchronicity is the fifth and final studio album by The Police, released in 1983. Their most popular release together, Synchronicity includes the number one single, "Every Breath You Take."
The album's title was inspired by Arthur Koestler's The Roots of Coincidence, which mentions Carl Jung's theory of Synchronicity. Sting was an avid reader of Koestler, and also named Ghost in the Machine after one of his works.
Synchronicity topped both the Read Full BioSynchronicity is the fifth and final studio album by The Police, released in 1983. Their most popular release together, Synchronicity includes the number one single, "Every Breath You Take."
Synchronicity topped both the Billboard Pop Albums and Billboard 200 charts (ending the reign of Michael Jackson's Thriller for a while in the US). It won a Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal.
In 2001, the TV network VH1 named Synchronicity the 50th greatest album of all time. In 2003, the album was ranked number 455 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.
The album marked a significant reduction in the reggae influences that were a part of the band's first four records, instead featuring production-heavy textures and liberal use of synthesizers that, at times, drove entire songs ("Synchronicity I", "Wrapped Around Your Finger"). The influence of World music can also be heard in songs such as "Tea in the Sahara" and "Walking in Your Footsteps". Sting's material dominates the album, with the two short tracks by Andy Summers ("Mother") and Stewart Copeland ("Miss Gradenko") being seen by the band themselves as concessions.
As with their prior album, the basic tracks for Synchronicity were recorded at AIR Studios, Montserrat. For sound engineering reasons, the three band members recorded their parts in separate rooms: Copeland with his drums in the dining room, Sting in the control room, and Summers in the actual studio. This physical separation underscored the increasing tension and strain in the relationship between the bandmates. According to co-producer Hugh Padgham, subsequent overdubs were actually done with only one member in the studio at a time due to such strain.
"Synchronicity I" starts the album off with a sequencer line that repeats throughout the song. "Walking in Your Footsteps" features lyrics concerning the relation between extinct dinosaurs and nuclear weapon equipped humans, and is followed by the jazziest song on the album, "O My God". (The song is actually a reworked version of the early Police song "Three O'Clock Shot" which was never recorded on an album but was widely bootlegged from live performances.) "Mother" features strange, Indian-like sounds and screamed vocals by Andy Summers, and "Miss Gradenko" is a two-minute song about a woman in the middle of the Soviet bureaucracy. "Synchronicity II" features extensive use of audio feedback, and is the heaviest song on the record.
"Every Breath You Take", which begins side two of the record is possibly The Police's best-known song, with Sting's vocals on top of a steady rhythm featuring picked guitar, strong bass, and controlled drumming. Originally, the song was what Andy Summers called a "Hammond organ thing that sounded like Billy Preston." The guitarist came up with a more interesting guitar riff which became distinctive part of the piece. The song, released before the album, went to #1 on both the U.S. and UK charts, aided by a black and white video directed by Godley & Creme.
"King of Pain" features a lyrical imagery and numerous effects and instruments, while "Wrapped Around Your Finger" uses subdued keyboards. The record's closer, "Tea in the Sahara", is a quiet, eerie song about three women who are deceived by a prince and left in the desert, where they meet their death. The title of this song comes from a section of Paul Bowles' novel The Sheltering Sky, which mentions the story. "Murder By Numbers", originally the B-side of "Every Breath You Take", was added to the CD and cassette versions of the album, and has lyrics detailing the development of a serial killer. "Synchronicity I" and "Synchronicity II" allude to The Second Coming, a poem by William Butler Yeats.
"King of Pain" and "Wrapped Around Your Finger" also made it into the Top Ten, and "Synchronicity II" reached the Top Twenty. Synchronicity made it to number one for several weeks in 1983.
The album's original cover artwork was available in 36 variations, with different arrangements of the colour stripes and showing different photographs of the band members, which they took themselves.


Do You (as opposed to the Supreme Court) Believe That a Drunk Driver Should Be Able to be Pulled Over Based Solely Upon an Anonymous Tip?
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Will New FTC Guidelines Governing Endorsements and Testimonials Affect Lawyer Advertising?
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Land Rover's most fuel efficient vehicle ever debuts at paris motor show
Posted by Nikolai Kalenski on 04 October 2008, 08:53 AM
The new Freelander 2 TD4_e is Land Rover's most fuel-efficient vehicle to date. Featuring a new intelligent Stop/Start system, it is the first production vehicle to incorporate technologies from the company's programme of sustainable engineering initiatives, collectively named 'e_TERRAIN TECHNOLOGIES'. On the standard EU4 cycle, the CO2 emissions of the Freelander 2 TD4_e are reduced by 8 per cent*, compared with the outgoing manual diesel Freelander 2. Moreover, in additional tests, Land Rover engineers have measured fuel savings approaching 20 per cent in heavy urban traffic.
The 8 per cent improvement equates to a CO2 emissions reduction of 15 g/km compared with the standard Freelander 2 TD4 manual (from 194 g/km to 179 g/km*). In terms of fuel efficiency, consumption is improved from 37.7 mpg to 41.3 mpg*.
These gains, coupled with the added benefits of the gearshift indicator light, software developments and efficiencies from low-rolling-resistance tyres, make the Freelander 2 TD4_e the most fuel-efficient production Land Rover ever built.
Phil Popham, Land Rover's managing director, said: "The Stop/Start Freelander 2 is the first production vehicle to benefit from the massive ?700 million investment in sustainable technologies by Jaguar and Land Rover. From mid-2009, the Stop/Start feature will be included as standard on all Freelander 2 TD4 manual models, with no associated increase in list prices."
Land Rover's new Stop/Start system improves fuel efficiency in urban and stop-start driving. The vehicle automatically shuts down the engine in appropriate conditions, resulting in zero tailpipe emissions and saving fuel that would otherwise be used idling the engine when stationary. When the driver is ready to move off, the engine instantly re-starts.
Sophisticated controls ensure that the Stop/Start system does not compromise the needs of either the driver or the vehicle. For the engine to shut down, the vehicle must be stationary, the gearbox in neutral and the clutch pedal raised. To re-start, the driver simply depresses the clutch and the enhanced starter motor engages the engine, ready for when first gear is selected.
The Stop/Start system is automatically activated each time the ignition is turned on, although there is a switch on the fascia to disable the system, if the driver so desires.
Added fuel economy benefits
Along with the intelligent Stop/Start system, the Freelander 2 TD4_e includes a series of additional enhancements that help to deliver fuel economy and CO2 benefits.
A new gearshift indicator light in the instrument pack advises the driver when to change gear if a higher gear will allow the vehicle to operate more fuel-efficiently. This is calculated by the Freelander 2 TD4_e's fully mapped engine.
Software developments to the driveline systems on the Freelander 2 TD4_e generate CO2 benefits without reducing Land Rover's renowned capability.
Land Rover engineers are also collaborating with tyre suppliers to drive improvements to fuel economy through reduced rolling losses. Tyre characteristics including rolling resistance are optimised for the entire range of available tyre sizes on Freelander 2 models.
End of Life Vehicle Certification
The Freelander 2 is the first Land Rover to achieve compliance with the 'EU Directive 2005/64/EC on the type approval of motor vehicles with regard to their reusability, recyclability and recoverability' ahead of forthcoming legislation. This refers to the fact that 85 per cent of the vehicle is reusable or recyclable, while a further 10 per cent by mass is recyclable or recoverable.
THE LAND ROVER STOP/START SYSTEM IN MORE DETAIL Behind the Stop/Start system lies an intensive engineering programme, which encompasses a surprisingly large number of the vehicle's systems and components.
Refined Stop/Start operation
Land Rover engineers have invested considerable effort in safeguarding levels of engine refinement. To reduce the engine shake associated with some diesel engines when stopping, the Freelander 2 TD4_e features controlled throttle closing and ramps down fuel in a smooth fashion, while the alternator is also turned off during the shut-down procedure, reducing load on the engine. A software feature change and revised engine calibration further aid smooth shut-off, while engine shake on start-up is reduced by the Freelander 2's optimised engine-mounting strategy and inherent tuning.
Uncompromised durability The increased frequency of stop-start cycles over the lifetime of the Freelander 2 TD4_e will lead to increased use of the vehicle's affected components, so enhanced durability of these components was a priority for the Freelander 2's engineering team. They developed a new heavy-duty starter motor, a new ring gear, a new dual mass flywheel friction control plate and an absorption glass mat battery. These new features ensure that the Freelander 2 TD4_e delivers characteristic Land Rover all-terrain performance and that the system's operation is always rapid and reliable.
Enhanced starter motor The more frequent stop and start activity means that demands on the starter motor are forecast to increase up to threefold during the lifetime of the Freelander 2 TD4_e. To accommodate the durability demands on the vehicle's 2 kW starter motor, a number of changes have been made. The grease seals have been enhanced significantly and new hard-wearing copper-tungsten contact material has been sourced and specified across the TD4_e range to enhance wear resistance within the starter solenoid.
New ring gear An all-new ring gear is specified for all TD4_e models to cope with the increased frequency of starts. The ring gear is attached to the engine flywheel and comes into contact with the starter motor each time the engine is started. The new ring gear is manufactured from a harder grade of steel and contains over 25 per cent more carbon to improve durability.
Dual mass flywheel friction plate Diesel-powered Freelanders with manual gearboxes have always featured a dual mass flywheel to ensure engine refinement at start, stop and low speeds. A new Polyetheretherketone friction control plate has been developed for the Freelander TD4_e. This is able to withstand seven times the pressure of the outgoing plate, to ensure greater levels of refinement under even greater start and stop demands.
Absorption glass mat battery New absorption glass mat technology has been developed, which offers deeper discharge and recharge characteristics and reduces battery deterioration under much heavier usage. Fine glassfibre matting has been introduced to sit pressurised between the new absorption glass mat battery plates. This aids the battery's longevity in two ways: by allowing the electrolyte to function normally under greater pressure and by providing mechanical support for the plates, reducing battery degradation.
Land Rover engineers focus on the introduction of intelligent, appropriate technologies, and the Freelander 2 TD4_e is no exception. In congested traffic, when the Stop/Start technology will shut down the engine frequently, other features and technologies will not be compromised, so in-car entertainment, climate control, Bluetooth, driver information and other electronic systems will continue to function.
Technologies such as the new voltage quality module, the battery monitoring system, the brake vacuum sensor and the enhanced climate control system have been developed to ensure that such services continue uninterrupted in a stop situation.
Voltage quality module The voltage quality module maintains critical vehicle systems, safety and occupant comfort. It supplies a constant voltage around the vehicle's electronic components during a stop-start, ensuring that key services continue uninterrupted by the sudden outrush of amps from the battery.This technology is effectively a direct current converter, which can convert low voltages, such as that experienced during a stop, to a stable higher level for short but crucial boosts, ranging from one to five seconds in duration.
Battery monitoring system This system monitors the battery's 'state of health' to ensure that the Stop/Start feature functions reliably. The technology is constantly at work, measuring factors such as natural battery degradation, ambient temperature, charge and discharge activity and voltage, to make sure there is enough power available for an effective stop-start.If any of these factors show a low measurement, the Stop/Start feature is overridden and the engine will continue running until more battery power is available.
Brake vacuum sensor The Freelander 2's brake system is specified with significant vacuum reserves, but these reserves can become depleted for a number of reasons, such as use of the brake pedal when the engine is switched off. Ultimately this would lead to vacuum reserves becoming exhausted, which would affect the brake servo's operation and pedal loads, in some cases causing them to rise substantially.To mitigate this, the brake vacuum sensor is specified on all Freelander 2 TD4_e models, and if vacuum reserves fall to a level that will affect brake pedal loads, the system overrides the Stop/Start function until the brake vacuum is replenished – ensuring brake pedal loads are maintained.
Enhanced climate control system A number of changes have been made to the Freelander 2 TD4_e's climate control system to help ensure occupant comfort and reduce misting during stop-start situations.One significant change is the introduction of an auxiliary water pump. On conventional vehicles, the water pump shuts down with the engine, but on TD4_e models, the introduction of the auxiliary water pump maintains the flow of coolant during engine shutdown, keeping a steady cabin temperature.The climate control system monitors cabin temperature and maintains fan speed at a level that will protect the battery's state of charge when the engine is shut down. In extreme hot or cold conditions, extended stops, or if an occupant selects a higher fan speed during a stop, the engine will re-start if necessary to preserve occupant comfort.
Evaporator temperature, the factor that gives rise to screen misting, is also monitored and the enhanced climate control system will periodically cool the evaporator as necessary to mitigate misting during a stop-start. The system operates the windscreen defrost shutter and, if the evaporator is wet, the shutter will remain closed for a few seconds after an engine restart until the vapour is dissipated, again mitigating windscreen misting.
LAND ROVER e_TERRAIN TECHNOLOGIES
The Freelander 2 TD4_e is just one element of Land Rover's comprehensive green technology rowwwap, which will drive the company to increasingly lower emissions and more sustainable technologies in the coming years. This is a key part of the ?700 million investment in sustainable technologies being made by Jaguar and Land Rover.
Land Rover engineers are working on a series of advanced propulsion technologies and lightweight structures aimed at bringing CO2 emissions down to class-leading levels. This doesn't mean sacrificing core Land Rover values: the renowned all-terrain capabilities of its future vehicles could actually be improved by some of the exciting new powertrain technologies, such as the Electric Rear Axle Drive (ERAD) announced at the British International Motor Show in London earlier this year.
The company's ambitious programme for continuing CO2 reduction stretches well into the future. For example, Land Rover is developing future hybrid and other green technologies in conjunction with the UK Government's Technology Strategy Board (TSB).
Land Rover broadens offsetting and unveils new green technologies
Land Rover Debuts Latest Range At The 2009 Geneva Motor Show
Freelander 2 TD4_e - Land Rover's Most Fuel-Efficient Car
Land Rover celebrates the 250,000th Freelander 2
2013 Land Rover Freelander 2 Officially Unveiled
2009 VW Routan
Infiniti QX56 2008
Infiniti Essence concept
Mazda BT-50 2008
MAGNAT SNOWMOBILE Porsche GT3
Volvo C30 Electric
Citroen C1 Platinum
Honda Pilot Chicago 2015
2017 Vilner Audi TT Roadster


text:
The Killer – indyjski thriller z 2006 roku w reżyserii dwóch debiutantów:  Hasnain Hyderabadwala i Raksha Mistry. W rolach głównych Emraan Hashmi i Irrfan Khan. To historia jednej nocy w Dubaju i pewnej relacji, która powstaje między zabójcą wykonującym swoją "pracę" i wożącym go na miejsce zleconego zabójstwa taksówkarzem. Film jest indyjską wersją hollywoodzkiego thrillera Michaela Manna Zakładnik (z Tomem Cruise'em i Jamiem Foxxem).

Fabuła

Nikhil Joshi (Emraan Hashmi) pięć lat temu został sprowadzony przez swoich krewnych z Pendżabu do Dubaju. Radosny, żywiołowy, naiwny. Marzy mu się tu założenie biura turystycznego albo zostanie wielkim gangsterem. A na razie pracuje jako taksówkarz. Przeważnie nocami. Wykłóca się z lekceważącymi go klientami i marzy o uczynieniu żoną Rii, tancerki z nocnego klubu, którą co wieczór zawozi do lokalu do pracy. Nikhil lubi trasy z lotniska, bo wtedy zdarza mu się wieźć Indusów. "Poczuć smak Indii", jak mówi. I właśnie na lotnisku trafia mu się pewnego dnia klient na całą noc. Zadaniem Nikhila jest wożenie go z miejsca na miejsce po Dubaju. Vikram (Irrfan Khan) przyleciał tu tylko na jedną noc. Jak mówi, powodem podróży jest "praca i przyjemność". W różnych miejscach ma do wykonania kilka zadań. Nikhil czeka na niego pod budynkiem, gdy nagle na jego taksówkę spada z góry okrwawione martwe ciało. To wykonane właśnie zadanie Vikrama, który okazuje się zabójcą na zlecenie. Tej nocy ma do zabicia kilka osób, które gotowe są zeznawać przeciwko pewnemu bossowi mafii.

Obsada
 Irrfan Khan – Vikram (Killer)
 Emraan Hashmi – Nikhil Joshi (taksówkarz)
 Nisha Kothari – Ria (tancerka z baru)
 Zakir Hussain – Jabbar
 Bharti Achrekar – pani Joshi
 Avtar Gill – szef Nikhila
 Prithvi Zutshi – Kamaaal Khan
 Anupam Bhattacharya

Muzyka
Autorami muzyki jest duet Sajid-Wajid.
 Abhi Toh Main Jawan Hoon
 Hibbaki (Remix)
 Hibbaki
 O Sanam (Male)
 O Sanam (Duet)
 Teri Yaadon Mein (Remix)
 Teri Yaadon Mein
 Yaar Piya

Linki zewnętrzne

Indyjskie filmy z 2006 roku
Indyjskie dreszczowce
Indyjskie remaki filmów

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia