text:
Los peces (del latín pisces) son animales vertebrados primariamente acuáticos, generalmente ectotérmicos (regulan su temperatura a partir del medio ambiente) y con respiración por branquias. Suelen estar recubiertos por escamas, y están dotados de aletas, que permiten su movimiento continuo en los medios acuáticos, y branquias, con las que captan el oxígeno disuelto en el agua. El grupo Pisces no es un taxón porque sería parafilético.
Los peces son abundantes tanto en agua salada como en agua dulce, pudiéndose encontrar especies desde los arroyos de montaña (por ejemplo, el gobio), así como en lo más profundo del océano (por ejemplo, anguilas tragonas).

Los alimentos preparados con pescado son una importante fuente de alimentación para los seres humanos. Pueden ser grandes partir de ejemplares silvestres, o criados de manera similar al ganado (véase acuicultura). Hoy en día la llamada pesca deportiva cada día se vuelve una actividad más popular. Los peces han tenido un papel importante en muchas culturas a través de la historia, que van desde las deidades religiosas a temas de libros y películas.

La especialidad de la zoología que estudia específicamente a los peces se denomina ictiología.

La mayoría de los peces  son ovíparos con fecundación externa.

Clasificación

El grupo de los peces es parafilético y se define como todos los vertebrados que no son tetrápodos, es decir, por la exclusión de un taxón (los tetrápodos) de otro mayor (los vertebrados), y no por la posesión de características derivadas comunes (apomorfías). Las especies hoy existentes pertenecen a tres grupos (a veces considerados clases, a veces superclases):
 Agnatos o peces sin mandíbulas, que incluye unas pocas especies actuales (lampreas y mixines). Es un grupo parafilético.
 Condrictios o peces cartilaginosos, que incluyen a tiburones, rayas y quimeras, caracterizados por poseer hendiduras branquiales externamente visibles y un esqueleto compuesto sólo de cartílago. Son un grupo de vertebrados muy basales, pero muy exitosos evolutivamente, ya que los tiburones son animales antiquísimos que no han cambiado mucho desde su origen.
 Osteictios o peces óseos, con esqueleto óseo y branquias protegidas mediante un opérculo. A su vez se subdividen en:
 Actinopterigios, peces óseos con aletas provistas de radios.
 Sarcopterigios, peces óseos con aletas lobuladas. Son un grupo parafilético de los tetrápodos (vertebrados provistos de cuatro patas); los primeros anfibios se originaron a partir de sarcopterigios primitivos.

El siguiente cladograma muestra las relaciones filogenéticas de los distintos grupos de peces y de estos con los tetrápodos:

Nótese que los sarcopterigios están más estrechamente emparentados con los tetrápodos (vertebrados con cuatro patas) que con los demás peces. De peces sarcopterigios evolucionaron los tetrápodos según análisis moleculares, morfológicos y evidencias fósiles. Los peces pulmonados son sus parientes más cercanos. Los peces relacionados con el origen de los tetrápodos se agrupan en el clado Tetrapodomorpha.

Anatomía

Esta sección del artículo trata las características generales de la anatomía de los peces, para características particulares, ver: Agnatha, Chondrichthyes y Osteichthyes.

El medio acuático ha impuesto a los peces su forma genérica, su forma de respirar, su método de locomoción y de reproducción.

Sistema respiratorio

Los peces realizan la mayor parte del intercambio gaseoso mediante el uso de las branquias, que se encuentran hacia ambos lados de la faringe.
Las branquias están constituidas por estructuras filiformes denominadas filamentos branquiales. Cada uno de estos filamentos contienen capilares, que permiten una gran superficie para el intercambio de oxígeno y dióxido de carbono. Este intercambio se produce cuando el pez aspira agua, que pasa a través de las branquias.

Hay peces, como los tiburones y las lampreas, que poseen no aberturas branquiales múltiples. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los peces poseen branquias protegidas por una cubierta ósea llamada opérculo.

Ser capaz de respirar directamente aire es resultado de la adaptación para peces que habitan aguas poco profundas, donde sus niveles varían o donde la concentración de oxígeno en el agua puede disminuir en ciertas épocas del año. Los mecanismos para ello son variados. La delgada piel de las anguilas eléctricas les permiten cierto grado de absorción de oxígeno. También pueden respirar aire al tragarlo directamente de la superficie. Peces gato de las familias Loricariidae, Callichthyidae y Scoloplacidae son capaces de absorber aire a través de su tracto digestivo.

En el caso de los peces pulmonados y poliptéridos se han descrito pulmones similares a los de los tetrápodos, por lo que deben subir a la superficie del agua a tragar aire fresco a través de la boca para que sea pasado través de las branquias o filamentos branquiales.

Sistema digestivo

Si bien todas las especies de peces poseen boca, no todas han desarrollado mandíbulas (ejemplo de esto son los agnatos). En el caso de las especies que si desarrollaron mandíbulas, esto les permitió acceder a una variedad mucho más amplia de alimentos, incluyendo las plantas y otros organismos.

En los peces, al ser la comida ingerida a través de la boca, es desglosada en el estómago. Órganos como el hígado y el páncreas añaden enzimas digestivas.
La absorción de nutrientes se realiza a través del intestino.

Sistema locomotor

Con el fin de desplazarse de la mejor manera en el medio acuático (principalmente), los peces han desarrollado una serie de aletas, con diferentes funciones, algunas de ellas son:
 Aletas dorsales: Ubicadas en la zona dorsal, su función principal es entregar estabilidad y maniobrabilidad.
 Aleta caudal: Ubicada en la cola, su función es impulsar el nado.
 Aletas anales: Ubicadas ventrales al ano, su función es estabilizadora.
 Aletas pectorales: Ubicadas detrás de las branquias, su función principal es estabilizar, aun cuando existen interesantes modificaciones de estas aletas (como en el caso del pez volador).
 Aletas pélvicas o ventrales: Ventrales a las aletas pectorales.

Sistema circulatorio

Los peces tienen un sistema circulatorio cerrado con un corazón que bombea la sangre a través de un circuito único por todo el cuerpo. La sangre va del corazón a las branquias, de éstas al resto del cuerpo, y finalmente regresa al corazón. En la mayoría de los peces el corazón consta de cuatro partes: el seno venoso, el atrio, el ventrículo y el bulbo arterioso. A pesar de consistir en cuatro partes, el corazón de los peces está constituido por dos cavidades situadas en serie, una aurícula y un ventrículo. El seno venoso es una cámara de paredes delgadas que recibe la sangre de las venas del pez antes de permitirle fluir al atrio, una cámara muscular grande y que sirve como un compartimento de dirección única que dirige la sangre hacia el ventrículo. El ventrículo es una bolsa muscular de paredes gruesas, que se contrae y empuja la sangre a un tubo largo llamado bulbo arterioso. El bulbo arterioso se une con un gran vaso sanguíneo llamado aorta, por la cual la sangre fluye hacia las branquias del pez.

Sistema excretor

Al igual que muchos animales acuáticos, la mayor parte de los peces excretan residuos nitrogenados en forma de amoniaco. Parte de sus excreciones se difunden a través de las branquias en el agua circundante. El resto es expulsado por los riñones, órganos excretorios que filtran la basura de la sangre. Los riñones ayudan a los peces a controlar la cantidad de amoniaco en sus cuerpos. Los peces de agua salada tienden a perder agua debido a la ósmosis. En los peces de agua salada, los riñones concentran la basura y expulsan del cuerpo tan poca agua como les sea posible. En el caso de los peces de agua dulce, la situación es a la inversa y tienden a obtener agua continuamente. Los riñones de los peces de agua dulce están especialmente adaptados para desechar grandes cantidades de orina diluida (o sea, con mucha agua). Algunos peces han desarrollado riñones especialmente adaptados que cambian su función, permitiéndoles trasladarse de agua dulce a agua de mar.

Sistema nervioso

Sistema nervioso central

Comparándolos con otros vertebrados, los peces tienen generalmente un cerebro pequeño en relación con el tamaño de su cuerpo, en torno a un quinceavo de la masa cerebral de aves o mamíferos de un tamaño similar. Sin embargo, algunos peces tienen un cerebro relativamente grande, como es el caso de los peces de la familia Mormyridae y los tiburones, cuyo cerebro tiene una proporción entre masa cerebral y corporal similar al de las aves y los marsupiales.

El cerebro está dividido en varias regiones. En la parte frontal se encuentran los lóbulos olfativos, un par de estructuras que reciben y procesan señales de las narinas a través de dos nervios olfativos. Los lóbulos olfativos están más desarrollados en peces que cazan principalmente por el olor, como los mixinos, tiburones y peces gato. Tras los lóbulos olfativos se encuentra el telencéfalo o cerebro anterior, estructura bilobular que en los peces concierne sobre todo al olfato.

Conectando el cerebro anterior al cerebro medio o mesencéfalo se encuentra el diencéfalo (en el diagrama adyacente, esta estructura se encuentra debajo de los lóbulos ópticos y por consiguiente no visible). El diencéfalo realiza varias funciones asociadas con las hormonas y la homeostasis. La glándula pineal se sitúa justo encima del diencéfalo. Esta estructura realiza muchas funciones diferentes, incluida la percepción de la luz, el mantenimiento del ritmo cardíaco y el control de los cambios de pigmentación.

El cerebro medio contiene los dos lóbulos ópticos. Estos lóbulos son de mayor tamaño en especies que cazan con la vista, como la trucha arcoíris y los cíclidos.

El metencéfalo está particularmente implicado en natación y equilibrio. El cerebelo es una estructura monolobular por lo general de gran tamaño y habitualmente la parte más grande del cerebro. Los mixinos y las lampreas tienen cerebelos relativamente pequeños, pero por el contrario el del pez elefante está muy desarrollado y aparentemente relacionado con su capacidad eléctrica.

El mielencéfalo la parte más posterior del cerebro. Además de controlar las funciones de algunos músculos y órganos de cuerpo, en los peces óseos también se encarga de la respiración y la osmorregulación.

Sistema sensorial

Muchos peces poseen órganos sensoriales muy desarrollados. Casi todos los peces diurnos tienen ojos bien desarrollados que perciben el color al menos tan bien como los seres humanos. Muchos peces también tienen células especializadas conocidas como quimiorreceptores que son responsables de los sentidos del gusto y del olfato. Aunque disponen de oídos en sus cabezas, muchos peces no perciben bien los sonidos. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de peces tienen receptores sensibles que forman la línea lateral. La línea lateral permite a muchos peces detectar corrientes suaves y vibraciones, así como sentir el movimiento de sus presas o de otros peces cercanos. Algunos peces, como los tiburones o los peces globo, tienen órganos que perciben niveles bajos corriente eléctrica. Otros, como la anguila eléctrica, puede producir su propia electricidad.

Los peces se orientan usando puntos de referencia y pueden utilizar mapas mentales de relaciones geométricas basadas en señales múltiples o símbolos. En estudios realizados con peces en laberintos, se ha determinado que los peces utilizan rutinariamente la memoria espacial y la discriminación visual.

Capacidad para sentir dolor

Experimentos realizados por el Dr. William Tavolga, zoólogo del Mote Marine Laboratory, aportan pruebas de que los peces muestran respuestas de miedo y dolor. Por ejemplo, en los experimentos de Tavolga, los peces sapo gruñían cuando se le aplicaban descargas eléctricas, y con el tiempo comprobaron que ya gruñían ante la mera vista de un electrodo.

En 2003, científicos escoceses de la Universidad de Edimburgo que realizaban una investigación sobre la trucha arcoíris concluyeron que los peces muestran comportamientos asociados generalmente con el dolor. En pruebas realizadas tanto en la Universidad de Edimburgo como en el Instituto Roslin, se inyectó veneno de abeja y ácido acético en los labios de la trucha arcoíris, lo que hizo que los peces balancearan sus cuerpos y frotaran los labios contra las paredes y el suelo de sus tanques, por lo que los investigadores creen que eran esfuerzos por aliviar el dolor, de forma similar a como lo harían los mamíferos. Las neuronas en los cerebros de los peces mostraron un modelo parecido al de los humanos cuando experimentan dolor.

El profesor James D. Rose de la Universidad de Wyoming criticó el estudio, afirmando que era erróneo, principalmente porque este no aportaba pruebas de que los peces poseen «percepción consciente, en particular un tipo de percepción que se parezca de forma significativa a la nuestra». Rose sostiene que ya que el cerebro de los peces es muy diferente del nuestro, los peces probablemente no son conscientes (en la forma en que los son las personas), por lo que las reacciones similares a las reacciones humanas al dolor tienen otras causas. Rose había publicado su propia opinión un año antes sosteniendo que los peces no puede sentir dolor dado que sus cerebros carecen de neocórtex. Sin embargo, la conductista animal Temple Grandin sostiene que los peces podrían tener consciencia aún sin neocórtex, porque «especies distintas pueden usar sistemas y estructuras cerebrales diferentes para tratar las mismas funciones.»

Los defensores de los derechos de los animales han mostrado su inquietud sobre el posible sufrimiento de los peces a causa de la pesca con caña. A la vista de recientes investigaciones, algunos países como Alemania han prohibido determinados tipos de pesca, y la Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) británica, que considera que los peces es poco probable que perciban el dolor del mismo modo que las personas, pero que hay evidencias actualmente que indican que los peces realmente tienen la capacidad de percibir dolor y sufrimiento, por lo que persigue judicialmente a los individuos que son crueles con los peces.

Evolución

Los peces se originaron a partir de otros cordados hacia el inicio del Cámbrico. No se sabe a ciencia cierta exactamente dónde fijar su origen; el grupo más primitivo de los peces conocidos corresponde a los ostracodermos, a partir del cual descienden los modernos agnatos (que comprende a las lampreas y a los mixines).

Uno de los más importantes logros evolutivos fue el desarrollo de mandíbulas a partir de los arcos branquiales, puesto que permitió a los peces primitivos alimentarse de trozos mayores, capturar presas, triturar, etc. Dentro de los primeros peces con mandíbulas se encuentran los placodermos, que aparecieron hacia el final del silúrico.

Los vertebrados terrestres se diferenciaron a partir de peces de aletas lobuladas, emparentados con el celacanto o los dipnoos.

Migración

Muchos tipos de peces llevan a cabo migraciones regularmente, en escalas que van del día a día hasta anuales, y con distancias que van desde pocos metros hasta miles de kilómetros. El fin generalmente se relaciona con la alimentación o la crianza; en algunos casos la razón para la migración sigue siendo desconocida.

Clasificación de los peces migratorios

 Diádromos, viajan entre agua salada y dulce. (Griego: día significa entre).
 Anádromos, viven principalmente en agua salada y se aparean en dulce. (Griego: ana significa arriba).
 Catádromos, viven en agua dulce y se aparean en agua salada. (Griego: cata significa abajo).
 Anfídromos, se mueven entre agua dulce y salada durante su ciclo de vida, pero no por apareamiento. (Griego: amphi significa ambos)
 Potádromos, migran solo en aguas dulces. (Griego: potamos significa río).
 Oceanódromos, migran solo en aguas saladas. (Griego: océanos significa océano)

Los peces anádromos más conocidos son los salmones (Salmo salar), que eclosionan en pequeñas corrientes de agua dulce, bajan al mar y viven varios años; después vuelven a los mismos ríos donde nacieron, desovan, y poco después mueren, algunos vuelven al mar para volver al río al año siguiente o al cabo de algunos años; como especie son iteróparas, pero su mortalidad durante la migración es muy alta y por eso se creía que era semélpara, es decir que se reproduce y muere.

El pez más notable dentro de los catádromos es la anguila de agua dulce, cuyas larvas flotan a la deriva en el océano abierto a veces por meses o años, antes de viajar miles de kilómetros a sus riachuelos originarios, donde se desarrollan hasta alcanzar su estado adulto, para regresar al océano a desovar.

La migración vertical diaria es un comportamiento común; muchas especies marinas se dirigen a la superficie en la noche para alimentarse; luego vuelven a las profundidades durante el día.

Un gran número de peces marinos, como el atún, migra de norte a sur anualmente, siguiendo las variaciones de temperatura en el océano. Esto es de gran importancia para la pesca.

Las migraciones de peces de agua dulce son habitualmente más cortas, por lo general desde un lago a un río o viceversa, por motivos de desove.

Los peces, así como otros organismos acuáticos, pueden clasificarse ecológicamente por su tolerancia a distintas salinidades, en eurihalinos o estenohalinos, así como por otros aspectos de su adaptación.

Comunicación

Ruidos
Los peces utilizan varios sonidos para comunicarse, como los zumbidos, silbidos, golpes secos, chirridos, gruñidos, graznidos, latidos, tamborileos, golpes, ronroneos, rumores, roznidos, ronquidos y chasquidos. La mayoría cuenta con un músculo ultrarrápido que golpea rítmicamente sobre la vejiga natatoria. También pueden producir sonidos por la estridulación o fricción de elementos óseos, al mover sus tendones o haciendo pasar aire a través de cavidades corporales.

Desde la Universidad de Auckland el profesor Ghazali aseguró que los peces se comunican frente a la necesidad de asustar los depredadores, cuando buscan aparearse y cuando necesitan orientarse.

En ciertos aspectos, la capacidad auditiva de los peces supera a la humana. La mayoría de los peces sienten los sonidos que se producen en el rango de los 50 a los 3.000 hercios (Hz), espectro que se sitúa dentro del nuestro, más amplio, que va desde los 20 a los 20.000 Hz. Sin embargo, estudios exhaustivos llevados a cabo tanto en cautividad como en libertad han documentado una sensibilidad a los ultrasonidos que se sitúa en el rango de audición de los murciélagos: hasta 180.000 Hz.

Orina
Mediante el olfato, los peces son capaces de comunicarse mediante unas sustancias químicas que hay a la orina. Estos utilizan este método de comunicación para buscar comida y pareja, para identificar el peligro y para volver a su casa. También lo utilizan por la convivencia, puesto que algunos creen que, al igual que los mamíferos, usan la orina para marcar su territorio. Cuando ven un pez al que pueden considerar un rival, se acercan a él mientras dejan un rastro de orina, de forma que éstas comunicaciones se desarrollan con interacciones bastante agresivas.

 Experimento

Esto fue comprobado a un experimento hecho por la Universidad de Berna, donde separaban los peces Neolamprologus pulcher de diferentes medidas, para analizar la comunicación entre rivales, en dos tanques separados por un cristal. El primer tanque tenía unos agujeros que permitían el paso del agua, mientras que el otro su placa separadora no tenía ningún agujero. Entonces añadieron un tipo de sustancia de color azul para teñir la orina y así poder medirla y observarla.

Entonces, cuando los peces se vieron entre ellos, nadaban hacia el cristal y empezaban a orinar. Al tanque que tenía los agujeros, como la orina podía pasar, los peces recibían la información del otro, permitiendo poder verlos con una nueva luz, y se observaba que los más pequeños reducían su agresividad y se mostraban más dóciles. En el otro caso, como la orina no podía pasar del cristal, los peces liberaban cantidades más grandes de orina por la carencia de respuesta del otro, y no cambiaban su comportamiento.

Un caso particular
En la revista Science Daily se ha publicado un estudio que muestra una manera muy particular que tienen los peces payaso para comunicarse. Estos en la parte del ojo que mira hacia delante, los fotorreceptores detectan una combinación de luz violeta y luz ultravioleta. Parece ser que los peces payasos han desarrollado esta capacidad gracias a diferentes factores: primero, el hecho que viven cerca de la superficie, donde la luz ultravioleta penetra más fácilmente; segundo, porque viven en armonía con las anémonas, las cuales utilizan este rayos UV para crecer; y la tercera, los plancton, su dieta alimentaria, absorben esta luz ultravioleta, haciendo que en el campo de visión de los peces payaso aparezcan unos puntos negros con los cuales facilitan su localización.

También les sirve para distinguir los peces de su misma familia. Sus líneas blancas reflejan la luz ultravioleta, por lo que les es fácil poder reconocerse entre ellos.

Véase también

 Agnatos (peces sin mandíbula)
 Condrictios (peces cartilaginosos)
 Sarcopterigios (peces de aletas lobuladas)
 Actinopterigios (peces con aletas radiadas)
 Acuariofilia
 Ciencias del Mar

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Base de datos sobre peces

Grupos taxonómicos obsoletos


text:
July 11, 2017,
By patel
Rachel Maddow, host of 'The Rachel Maddow 'show on MSNBC, is openly lesbian, more on her girlfriend, are they getting married?
Rachel Maddow is one of the boldest TV personality ones can find. She is the person who speaks her mind and makes sure to let the world know what she believes in. Rachel is upfront about her sexual preferences being a lesbian and Maddow has a love life everyone would envy.
She has been in a relationship with her artist girlfriend Susan Mikula since 1999! Now that certainly is very rare and precious. They both are living together under the same roof but are in no hurry to be married.
Rachel Maddow happy with partner Susan Mikula in their 19 years of relationship
On being asked about their marriage, Rachel Maddow had to answer with:
"I feel that gay people not being able to get married for generations, forever, meant that we came up with alternative ways of recognizing relationships. And I worry that if everybody has access to the same institutions that we lose the creativity of subcultures having to make it on their own. And I like gay culture."
Mikula is a 52-year-old photographer and artist who met Rachel in the year 1999 itself. It's been more than 18 years of their relationship, and we hope that their relationship lasts even longer, better yet forever.
The Rachel Maddow show reaches no.1 in Weekly primetime ratings!
Rachel Maddow has been very informative and open in her nightly television show; The Rachel Maddow Show aired on MSNBC. She goes from topic to topic giving her own opinions regarding the news providing all the debates related to the topic. Maybe this is why her show ranked no.1 by the weekly primetime ratings. There are more enough reasons to be discovered soon as to why her shows are popular among audiences.
Also, see; Is Kit Harington Dating Rose Leslie? Dating Rumors with Grazi Massafera and Rachel McAdams!
MSNBC had an average of 2.44 million viewers, surpassing out even bigger news channels like CNN and Fox News in both measures. Her quirks and wits must gain from her educational standards which seem pretty high seeing as she holds a doctorate in politics from the University of Oxford.
Don't Miss; Kim Greist's Wife, Married, Children, Net Worth, Salary, Career, Age, Height, Facts, and Wiki-Bio
Apart from her wits, which makes her show even more knowledgeable and well rated. The fact that she tells her news as though she is building something in front of the audiences and teaching them how to be involved too.
Caption: Rachel Maddow appears on the Late Show with Stephen Colbert and talks about her ways to approach the audience
Rachel Maddow in fierce and bold in putting her opinions out even regarding sensitive issues like Trump's presidency. As many would agree, she voices out the thoughts that many people are afraid to even think in such an eloquent manner; they believe her as a god gifted.
Don't Miss; Jake DeVito's Net Worth, Salary, Earnings, Movies, Relationship, Affairs, Age, Height, Facts, and Wiki-Bio
Having such an astounding career recently, her net worth is said to be $20 million as of 2017. Blessed with amazing talents, this smart and bold News host seems to have even more amazing love life! We wish to love for the couple.
celebrity dating celebrity girlfriend celebrity lesbian celebrity net worth Rachel Maddow The Rachel Maddow Show
Nina Blackwood Turned Lesbian After Divorce With Husband, Who Is Her New Partner?
How hard was it for Bill Paxton wife to conform his death, friends and family participated in the funeral and was paid tribute with his hit movie 'Twister'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package com.github.ltsopensource.biz.logger.console;

import com.github.ltsopensource.biz.logger.JobLogger;
import com.github.ltsopensource.biz.logger.domain.JobLogPo;
import com.github.ltsopensource.biz.logger.domain.JobLoggerRequest;
import com.github.ltsopensource.core.json.JSON;
import com.github.ltsopensource.admin.response.PaginationRsp;
import com.github.ltsopensource.core.logger.Logger;
import com.github.ltsopensource.core.logger.LoggerFactory;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author Robert HG (254963746@qq.com) on 3/27/15.
 */
public class ConsoleJobLogger implements JobLogger {

    private Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ConsoleJobLogger.class.getSimpleName());

    @Override
    public void log(JobLogPo jobLogPo) {
        LOGGER.info(JSON.toJSONString(jobLogPo));
    }

    @Override
    public void log(List<JobLogPo> jobLogPos) {
        for (JobLogPo jobLogPo : jobLogPos) {
            log(jobLogPo);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public PaginationRsp<JobLogPo> search(JobLoggerRequest request) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Console logger dose not support this operation!");
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


A couple months ago I was flipping through Bloom Magazine's 100+ Best Things to See and Do in Bloomington, and I ran across something I hadn't seen before: Bluespring Caverns down in Bedford. An underground boat ride through a cave? Awesome. Two weeks ago some friends came for a visit and we found out that one of them LOVES caves, so off we went 25 minutes south to Bedford.
Bluespring Caverns is privately owned, so it's not a state park or anything like that. They have a nice (actually reasonably priced) gift shop with all kinds of cool rocks and gemstones and trinkets you can buy. We spent some time in the shop while waiting for our tour time. Generally they run tours every hour, but on busy days (like this day) they increase the frequency, so we only had to wait about 15 minutes before heading into the cave.
The tour guide takes you outside and down a ramp. As soon as you start going down this ramp, the temperature dramatically changes. The website recommends bringing a jacket and I do too!
Inside the cave is awesome. There were some lights at the entrance, but the rest of the light you'll see in the photos is coming from either the lights on the side of the boat or my flash.
The boats have cushions that also act as flotation devices. The ride is about an hour and the cushions were definitely nice to have.
We were taken through the caves with our guide telling us all about the history of the caves, the formations, the animals, the floods, etc. Our guide was pretty funny and I thought he did a good job, both telling the stories and navigating the boat.
Unfortunately I don't remember what any of these formations are called or the stories behind them, so I'll just let you look at the pictures instead.
It was definitely worth the trip down there. Each adult is $16, but there's a coupon on the website for $2 off per adult, so make sure to print that out before going to save a few dollars. We had a good time and are glad we checked it out!


Purpose of this clinical trial is to improve prediction of outcomes from surgical intervention in patients with Primary aldosteronism, and evaluate the merits of non-invasive metomidate PET CT versus adrenal vein sampling in the diagnosis of surgically correctable aldosteronism.
11C- metomidate PET CT This is a one-hour non-invasive study, prior to which participants are treated with dexamethasone for 3 days.
Adrenal Vein Sampling This is an invasive investigation in which both adrenal veins are cannulated and blood collected for measurement of adrenal steroid hormones. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) is administered prior to AVS in order to ensure steroid hormone secretion during the procedure.
The investigators will standardise the start-time of treatment with spironolactone, which is first-choice treatment for participants with primary aldosteronism, in order that the pre-spironolactone blood pressure and biochemistry can be compared with subsequent measurements post-surgery, and the changes during the first month of spironolactone treatment can be used to assess their value in predicting response to surgery.
Follow-up management and investigations The investigators anticipate ~50% of participants will be found on one or both investigations to have unilateral PA, and be recommended for adrenalectomy.
The primary outcome measurements will be at 6 months after surgery.
1. Cure of hypertension, defined as the proportion of patients in whom average home blood Pressure measurements 6 months post adrenalectomy are <140/90 mmHg on no treatment.
3. Post-operative analyses of the APA, to include genotyping for somatic mutations in KCNJ5, CACNA1D, ATP1A1, ATP2B3, CTNNB1 and phenotyping by histological grading (zona fasciculata versus zona glomerulosa), gene expression and immunohistochemistry.
3. Change in home blood pressure from baseline at follow-up visits other than 6 months post-adrenalectomy.
5. Change from baseline in blood levels of Troponin, Brain Natriuretic Peptide. The judgement as to which patients have met primary and secondary outcomes will be made by a critical endpoints committee meeting every 3-6 months throughout the study.
The sample size calculation has been performed to permit detection of a significant influence on outcome where the smallest number of patients will be available. This is the group of patients in whom the two diagnostic techniques give discordant results, estimated to be ~20% of the total. Recruitment of 140 patients across 3 centres over 3 years (<1/centre/month), with an estimated 70 proceeding to adrenalectomy, permits 90% power at alpha=0.01 of detecting superiority of PET CT over AVS.
- Male or female: Age >18 yrs.
- Diagnosis of PHA based on published Endocrine Society consensus guidelines.
1. At least one paired measurement of plasma renin and aldosterone, measured off spironolactone, showing an elevated ARR.
All patients will have a positive Aldosterone renin ratio (ARR) serum measurement with another local diagnostic confirmatory test as specified from local specialised APA Guidelines. This is often standard cross-sectional imaging by CT or MR scanning. Any exception to recommended diagnostic criteria will be subject to approval by monthly MDT.
- Those patients who indicate that they are unlikely to proceed with surgery will not be recruited, because there will be no outcome change in blood pressure, restoration of normal renin/angiotensin physiology) against which to compare the accuracy of the two Investigations.
- Patients contraindicated for spironolactone therapy.
- Any patients continuing on beta-blockers or direct renin blockers .
- Pregnant / breastfeeding females or women unable/unwilling to take secure contraceptive precautions whilst undergoing investigations.
- Patients unwilling/unable to take the dexamethasone required to prepare for a metomidate PET-CT scan.


text:
Art History Faculty
Art Studio and Art Education Faculty and Staff
Art and Art Education
Art Recent News
Introduction to Undergraduate Programs
Introduction to Graduate Programs
PhD in Art History
MA in Art History
MA in Art History and Museum Studies
MA/JD Program
Art Studio Courses Spring 2021
Art History Spring 2022 Course Offerings
Graduate Student Blogs
Cleveland Symposium
Lectures and Symposia
Contributions to the Department of Art History and Art
More About Joining Friends of Art
Department of Art History and Art
Spring 2021 Semester In Review Show
Spring 2020 Semester in Review
Art History Course Offerings
Art Studio Course Offerings
Art Education Course Offerings
Race and Justice Statement
Sustained Dialogue Website
Elina Gertsman
Archbishop Paul J. Hallinan Professor in Catholic Studies II, Professor of Art History and Director of Graduate Studies
elina.gertsman@case.edu
Mather House 317
http://www.elinagertsman.com
Specialty: Art History
Expertise: Medieval Art
On leave until January 2022
Professor Gertsman specializes in medieval art. Her research interests include issues of memory, perception, and multi-sensory reception; medium, play, and animation; medieval image theory; semiotics of media and polyfunctionality of objects; performance/performativity; late medieval macabre; materiality and somaticism; and medieval concepts of emotion and affectivity. She has lectured on these topics at numerous conferences and symposia around the world.
In addition to numerous articles, Prof. Gertsman has published a number of books. Her 2010 The Dance of Death in the Middle Ages: Image, Text, Performance, which was awarded the Medieval Academy of America subvention and the Samuel H. Kress Research Award from the International Center for Medieval Art, won the John Nicholas Brown Prize from the Medieval Academy of America for the best first book in medieval studies in 2014. Her second monograph, Worlds Within: Opening the Medieval Shrine Madonna (2015), was awarded the Millard Meiss Publication Grant and the Samuel H. Kress Research Award from the ICMA, and was shortlisted for the 2016 Charles Rufus Morey Prize, which honors an especially distinguished book in the history of art, published in the English language. In 2018, it won Medieval Academy's inaugural Karen Gould Prize, awarded for an outstanding monograph in art history. In 2018 she published The Middle Ages in 50 Objects, co-authored with Barbara Rosenwein, which was translated into Italian as Il Medioevo in 50 oggetti. Her latest monograph, The Absent Image: Lacunae in Medieval Books, was just published with Penn State Press.
She is the editor of Visualizing Medieval Performance: Perspectives, Histories, Contexts (2008) and Crying in the Middle Ages: Tears of History (2011), and co-editor of Thresholds of Medieval Visual Culture: Liminal Spaces (2012). In 2015, she guest-edited an issue of the journal Preternature: Critical and Historical Studies on the Preternatural (published by Penn State Press), titled "Animating Medieval Art," and in 2016 collaborated with Stephen Fliegel on the catalogue that accompanied their centennial focus exhibition at the Cleveland Museum of Art, Myth and Mystique: the Cleveland's Gothic Table Fountain. Most recently, she published Abstraction in Medieval Art: Beyond the Ornament (2021). She is currently editing two Festschriften — one in honor of Richard K. Emmerson (Brepols, co-edited), and another in honor of Stephen Fliegel (Medieval Institute Press / ARC Humanities).
She is a recipient of several prestigious fellowships, including awards from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Mellon Foundation, the Kress Foundation, and the American Council of Learned Societies. In 2018, she received a two-year grant from the French-American Cultural Exchange Foundation for a collaborative project with Vincent Debiais (Ecole des hautes études en sciences sociales), entitled "Abstraction before the Age of Abstract Art." An international symposium on this topic, organized by Gertsman and Debiais, was held at Princeton in May of 2019, and the study day at the Institut national d'histoire de l'art in October of that year; the final symposium, hosted by the École des hautes études en sciences sociales in Paris, will take place in 2021. In 2020, she was named a Guggenheim Fellow.
Passionate about teaching, Prof. Gertsman is regularly nominated for both graduate and undergraduate teaching and mentoring awards. She is particularly pleased to be able to collaborate on her courses with curators at the CMA; with Dr. Sonya Rhie Mace, curator of Indian and Southeast Asian Art, she launched a series of Mellon-sponsored courses on the global Middle Ages. The newest offering in the series is a graduate seminar, co-taught with Dr. Sooa McCormick, curator of Korean art, entitled "Paradise, Hell, and Purgatory in the Global Middle Ages," which will be taught in spring of 2022.
In 2015 Prof. Gertsman was the winner of the Diekhoff Award for Distinguished Graduate Teaching and in 2019 she won the Diekhoff Award for Distinguished Graduate Mentoring.
To learn more about her books, click on the covers below or explore Prof. Gertsman's website.
216.368.2000 (legal notice)
Mather House
Art History:
dawn.rohm@case.edu 216.368.4118
Art Education/Art Studio:
dawn.rohm@case.edu, 216.368.2714


text:
NASA launches laser device into space to measure Earth's polar ice
By Alaa Elassar and Nadeem Muaddi, CNN
Updated 9:52 AM ET, Sat September 15, 2018
The ICESat-2 mission will measure the changing height of Earth's glaciers, ice sheets and sea ice, one laser pulse at a time, 10,000 laser pulses per second.
(CNN) NASA on Saturday launched its most advanced laser device into space to measure changes in the heights of Earth's polar ice, as well as other topographical features.
The Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2, or ICESat-2, launched shortly after 9 a.m. ET from Vandenberg Air Force Base near Lompoc, California.
A United Launch Alliance Delta II rocket carried ICESat-2 into orbit, where it will travel at speeds of more than 15,000 mph. The satellite is equipped with an Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS), which will send 10,000 laser pulses per second to Earth to measure the height of ice sheets, glaciers, forests and bodies of water. It will do this by calculating how long it takes for individual photons that leave the instrument to ricochet off Earth and return to the satellite.
3-2-1... and we have liftoff of @NASA_ICE's #ICESat2 atop @ULAlaunch's #DeltaII rocket 🚀. Tune in as we broadcast live from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California: https://t.co/MIVnfneKo2 pic.twitter.com/xLRiCVcfrK
— NASA (@NASA) September 15, 2018
NASA said the mission will add a "third dimension" to its study of Earth. Agency satellites already provide a constant stream of detailed images of the planet's changing geographical features. ICESat-2 will add height measurements -- accurate to a fraction of a centimeter -- to the mix.
Illustration of ICESat-2, a mission to measure the changing height of Earth's ice.
"The precise and complete coverage afforded by ICESat-2 will enable researchers to track changes in land and sea ice with unparalleled detail, which will inform our understanding of what drives these changes," NASA said in a statement.
Scientists already know that global warming is causing polar ice to melt and sea levels to rise. This mission will reveal how quickly it is happening and where most of the melting is occurring. With that data, scientists can forecast its likely impact on the world.
Flying above the Arctic with NASA
ICESat-2 will "extend and improve" upon NASA's initial ICESat mission, launched in 2003, the agency said in a statement.
Doug McLennan, ICESat-2 project manager, said in a mission briefing on Thursday that he expected the launch to occur as scheduled.
"It was a very challenging mission to come up with," said McLennan. "The instrument, the ATLAS instrument, took longer than we thought. But now, everything is buttoned up and sitting on top of that rocket ready to go and we're very, very excited."
NASA tweeted on Saturday: "3-2-1... and we have liftoff." The tweet included a video of the successful launch.


text:
Q: Cannot split a unicode string without converting to ascii - python 2.7 I want to split the string I have £300 but it seems that the split function first converts it to a ascii and after. But I can't convert it back to unicode the same as it was before.
Is there any other way to split such a unicode string without breaking it as in the snippet bellow.
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
mystring = 'I have £300.'
alist = mystring.split()
alist = [item.decode("utf-8") for item in alist]
print "alist",alist
print "mystring.split()",mystring.split()

#I want to get [I,have,£300]
#I get: ['I', 'have', '\xc2\xa3300.']

A: You are looking at a limitation of the way python 2 displays data.
Using python 2:
>>> mystring = 'I have £300.'
>>> mystring.split()
['I', 'have', '\xc2\xa3300.']

But, observe that it will print as you want:
>>> print(mystring.split()[2])
£300.

Using python 3, by contrast, it displays as you would like:
>>> mystring = 'I have £300.'
>>> mystring.split()
['I', 'have', '£300.']

A major reason to use python 3 is its superior handling of unicode.

A: The problem is not with split(). The real problem is that the handling of unicode in python 2 is confusing.
The first line in your code produces a string, i.e. a sequence of bytes, which contains the utf-8 encoding of the symbol £. You can confirm this by displaying the repr of your original string:
>>> mystring
'I have \xc2\xa3300.'

The rest of the statements just do what you would expect them to with such input. If you want to work with unicode, create a unicode string to start with:
>>> mystring = u'I have £300.'

A far better solution, however, is to switch to Python 3. Wrapping your head around the semantics of unicode in python 2 is not worth the effort when there's such a superior alternative.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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text:
<?php if (!defined('VB_ENTRY')) die('Access denied.');

/**
 * Social Group Message item class.
 * @author Kevin Sours, vBulletin Development Team
 * @version 4.0.5
 * @since 1st Dec, 2008
 * @copyright vBulletin Solutions Inc.
 */
class vBForum_Item_SocialGroupMessage extends vB_Item
{
	/*InfoFlags=====================================================================*/

	/**
	 * Flags for required item info.
	 * These are used for $required_info and $loaded_info.
	 */
//	const INFO_DISCUSSION = 2;

	/**
	 * The total flags for all info.
	 * This should be overridden by children based on the total of their info flags.
	 *
	 * @var int
	 */
	protected $INFO_ALL = 0x01;

	/**
	 * Map of query => info.
	 *
	 * @var array int => int
	 */

	/*ModelProperties===============================================================*/

	/**
	 * Array of all valid item model properties.
	 * This is used to check if a class property can be set as a property.
	 *
	 * @var array string
	 */
	protected $item_properties = array(
		/*INFO_BASIC==================*/
		'discussionid',
		'postuserid',
		'postusername',
		'dateline',
		'state',
		'title',
		'pagetext',
		'ipaddress',
		'allowsmilie',
		'reportthreadid',
		'discussion'
	);

	//db fields
	protected $discussionid;
	protected $postuserid;
	protected $postusername;
	protected $dateline;
	protected $state;
	protected $title;
	protected $pagetext;
	protected $ipaddress;
	protected $allowsmilie;
	protected $reportthreadid;

	protected $discussion;

	/*LoadInfo======================================================================*/

	/**
	 * Applies the result of the load query.
	 * Child classes should extend or override to determine what was loaded based
	 * on $required_query and $required_info.
	 *
	 * This method should only ever be used directly after performing the queries so
	 * that $this->required_info accurately reflects the query result.
	 *
	 * @param resource $result					- The db result resource
	 * @param int $load_query					- The query that the result is from
	 */
	protected function applyLoad($result, $load_query)
	{
		return parent::applyLoad($result, $load_query);
	}

	/**
	 * Fetches the SQL for loading.
	 * $required_query is used to identify which query to build for classes that
	 * have multiple queries for fetching info.
	 *
	 * This can safely be based on $this->required_info as long as a consitent
	 * flag is used for identifying the query.
	 *
	 * @param int $required_query				- The required query
	 * @param bool $force_rebuild				- Whether to rebuild the string
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	protected function getLoadQuery($required_query, $force_rebuild = false)
	{
		// Hooks should check the required query before populating the hook vars
		$hook_query_fields = $hook_query_join = $hook_query_where = '';
		($hook = vBulletinHook::fetch_hook($this->query_hook)) ? eval($hook) : false;

		if (self::QUERY_BASIC == $required_query)
		{
			return
				"SELECT
					groupmessage.discussionid,
					groupmessage.postuserid,
					groupmessage.postusername,
					groupmessage.dateline,
					groupmessage.state,
					groupmessage.title,
					groupmessage.pagetext,
					groupmessage.ipaddress,
					groupmessage.allowsmilie,
					groupmessage.reportthreadid " .
					$hook_query_fields . "
				FROM " . TABLE_PREFIX . "groupmessage AS groupmessage " .
					$hook_query_join . "
				WHERE gmid = " . intval($this->itemid) . "
					$hook_query_where";
		}

		throw (new vB_Exception_Model('Invalid query id \'' . htmlspecialchars($required_query) .
			'\'specified for node item: ' . htmlspecialchars($query)));
	}

	public function getDiscussion()
	{
		if (!$this->discussion)
		{
			$this->discussion = new vBForum_Item_SocialGroupDiscussion($this->getDiscussionId());
			$this->discussion->setImportant($this->important);
		}

		return $this->discussion;
	}

	public function setDiscussion($discussion)
	{
		if ($discussion->getId() != $this->getDiscussionId())
		{
			throw (new vB_Exception_Model('Discussion object id ' . $dicussion->getDiscussionId() .
				'does not match discussion id' . $this->getDiscussionId() . 'for this message'));
		}
		$this->discussion = $discussion;
	}

	public function getDiscussionId() {$this->Load(); return $this->discussionid;}
	public function getPostUserId() {$this->Load(); return $this->postuserid;}
	public function getPostUserName() {$this->Load(); return $this->postusername;}
	public function getDateline() {$this->Load(); return $this->dateline;}
	public function getState() {$this->Load(); return $this->state;}
	public function getTitle() {$this->Load(); return $this->title;}
	public function getPageText() {$this->Load(); return $this->pagetext;}
	public function getIpAddress() {$this->Load(); return $this->ipaddress;}
	public function getAllowSmilie() {$this->Load(); return $this->allowsmilie;}
	public function getReportThreadId() {$this->Load(); return $this->reportthreadid;}

	/**
	 * Return the socal group message info array expected by legacy code
	 *
	 * Does not include user fields or derived fields
   */
	public function getInfo()
	{
		$item = array();
		$item['type'] = 'message';
		$item['goto'] = false;
		$item['gmid'] = $this->getId();
		$item['discussionid'] = $this->getDiscussionId();
		$item['state'] = $this->getState();
		$item['postuserid'] = $this->getPostUserId();
		$item['postusername'] = $this->getPostUsername();
		$item['allowsmilie'] = $this->getAllowSmilie();
		$item['pagetext'] = $this->getPageText();
		$item['ipaddress'] = $this->getIpAddress();
		$item['itemipaddress'] = $this->getIpAddress();
		$item['dateline'] = $this->getDateline();
		return $item;
	}

	public function getDeletionLogArray()
	{
		global $vbulletin;

		$log = $vbulletin->db->query_first("
			SELECT deletionlog.userid, deletionlog.username, deletionlog.reason
			FROM " . TABLE_PREFIX . "deletionlog as deletionlog
			WHERE deletionlog.primaryid = " . intval($this->getID()) . " AND
				deletionlog.type = 'groupmessage'
		");

		if (!$log)
		{
			return array('userid' => null, 'username' => null, 'reason' => null);
		}
		else
		{
			return $log;
		}
	}

	public function getTemplate()
	{
	}

	/*Permissions===============================================================*/
	public function canBe($permission, $user)
	{
		$discussion = $this->getDiscussion();
		if (!$discussion->canBe($permission, $user))
		{
			return false;
		}

		switch($permission)
		{
			//for now these are the same
			case 'viewed':
			case 'searched':
				return $this->canBeViewed($user);
				break;
		}
	}

	private function canBeViewed($user)
	{
		$state = $this->getState('state');
		$group = $this->getDiscussion()->getSocialGroup();

		if ($state == 'moderation' AND !$group->has_modperm('canmoderategroupmessages', $user))
		{
			return false;
		}

		if ($state == 'deleted' AND !$group->has_modperm('canviewdeleted', $user))
		{
			return false;
		}

		return true;
	}
}
/*======================================================================*\
|| ####################################################################
|| #
|| # SVN: $Revision: 28678 $
|| ####################################################################
\*======================================================================*/


text:
Nail Polish is a 2021 Indian Hindi-language  legal thriller drama film written and directed by Bugs Bhargava Krishna. Produced by Pradeep Uppoor, Seema Mohaptra, Jahanara Bhagava and Dhirajj Vinodd Kapoor with the production house as Ten Years Younger Production. Starring Arjun Rampal, Manav Kaul, Madhoo, Rajit Kapur, Anand Tiwari and Samreen Kaur the film follows the trial of a famous social activist who is accused of raping and murdering two migrant children while also suspected of killing others. Nail Polish premiered on ZEE5 on 1 January 2021.

Cast
Arjun Rampal as Siddharth Jaisingh (Sid)
Manav Kaul as Veer Singh; 'Ranjit'; 'Charu Raina'
Anand Tiwari as Amit Kumar
Rajit Kapur as Judge Kishore Bhushan
Madhoo as Shobha Bhusan
Samreen Kaur as Charu Raina
Sameer Dharmadhikari as DCP Sunil Sachdev
Rushad Rana as Yashpal Sharma
Neha Hinge as Malthi Kumar
Pratibha Goregaonkar as Matron
Mansee Deshmukh as Maya Kawal
Deepak Chaddha as Dada Shah
Sukesh Anand as Harpal Phera
Shiv Kumar Subramaniam as Dr. Nandi

Reception
Anna M. M. Vetticad gave a positive review and said that the film "touches upon aspects of sexual violence rarely discussed in Hindi cinema or in Indian society at large." Shrikanth Venkatesh of Sify wrote: "Nail Polish is a gritty film and is gripping for the most part. The acting is generally top notch, with Arjun Rampal and Manav Kaul especially in fine form. Archika Khurana of The Times of India called it a "a compelling thriller which can be watched for its story and most importantly the outstanding performances."

Shubhra Gupta of The Indian Express praised the film and wrote: "A few things are overstated, a couple of facts are fuzzily presented, but despite the occasional eye-roll, Nail Polish, buoyed by a wonderful performance from Manav Kaul, and ably supported by the rest, keep us engaged." Prathyush Parasuraman of Film Companion wrote: "If nothing else, this movie is a testament to how well-framed and well-acted films can elevate even the banal writing, even if it cannot entirely transcend the banality."

Soundtrack

References

External link

 Nail Polish on ZEE5

ZEE5 original films
2021 direct-to-video films
Indian courtroom films
Films about sex crimes
Films about social issues in India
2020s Hindi-language films
2021 thriller films

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Fully utilising the possibilities of both imaginative storytelling and the technology available today in computer generated imagery, Wonder Park is a feast for the eyes and provides a meaningful life lesson. It's seen through the eyes of an adventurist young girl named June (voiced by Sofia Mali).
June has created an imaginary place called Wonder Park. It's a place she and her mother (Jennifer Garner) share together. When her mother becomes ill, the script is unafraid to go to a dark place to give the storyline some dynamic range.
The drama this creates informs the first half of the film. In the second half, through circumstance, June finds herself alone in the woods, where she actually finds a dilapidated version of the fun park. She sets out on a path to bring it back to its full glory.
During this quest, June learns to come to terms with the sadness her mother's illness has created. This lesson is subtly told while the screen pops with wild flights of fancy and brilliant colours that explode off the screen. The film doesn't try to impart excessive slices of real life and lives comfortably in the world of imagination.


text:
The Monkeys At Ocean Riviera Paradise
The monkeys At Ocean Riviera Paradise can roam freely about the resort. It's something I hadn't anticipated on our long weekend getaway to Playa Del Carmen, Mexico. But there they were, mostly containing themselves to a carved-out piece of jungle in the center of the grounds.
This particular morning, I caught them crossing the roof of one of the buildings, climbing down palm trees, and making their way back to their jungle playground. I assume they had spent the night roaming another holdover patch of jungle. Cancun was almost entirely jungle just 50 years ago, and Playa Del Carmen as recently as 29 years ago. I must say, it was more than just a bit wonderful.
Camera: ILCE-7RM2
Taken: 8 January, 2023
Category: Nature, Travel
Jane T.
Just wow! What an experience.


The oxidation of catecholamine at a microelectrode, following its release from individual vesicles, allows interrogation of the content of single nanometer vesicles with vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry (VIEC). Previous to this development, there were no methods available to quantify the chemical load of single vesicles. However, accurate quantification of the content is hampered by uncertainty in the proportion of substituent molecules reaching the electrode surface (collection efficiency). In this work, we use quantitative modeling to calculate this collection efficiency. For all vesicles except those at the very edge of the electrode, modeling shows that ∼100% oxidation efficiency is achieved when employing a 33 μm diameter disk microelectrode for VIEC, independent of the location of the vesicle release pore. We use this to experimentally determine a precise distribution of catecholamine in individual vesicles extracted from PC12 cells. In contrast, we calculate that when a nanotip conical electrode (∼4 μm length, ∼1.5 μm diameter at the base) is employed, as in intracellular VIEC (IVIEC), the current-time response depends strongly on the position of the catecholamine-releasing pore in the vesicle membrane. When vesicle release occurs with the pore opening occurring far from the electrode, lower currents and partial oxidation (∼75%) of the catecholamine are predicted, as compared to higher currents and ∼100% oxidation, when the pore is close to/at the electrode surface. As close agreement is observed between the experimentally measured vesicular content in intracellular and extracted vesicles from the same cell line using nanotip and disk electrodes, respectively, we conclude that pores open at the electrode surface. Not only does this suggest that electroporation of the vesicle membrane is the primary driving force for catecholamine release from vesicles at polarized electrodes, but it also indicates that IVIEC with nanotip electrodes can directly assess vesicular content without correction.


"An interesting fact about Vincent Van Gogh is not that he suffered from poor health. Which he did. Or even that his mental problems may have led him to cut off his ear. Which it did. An interesting fact about Vincent Van Gogh is that his epilepsy, caused by a brain lesion, caused by an overuse of absinthe, was treated with a medicine that many believe made him see yellow spots. Others believe that it was the lesion itself that caused him to see yellow. This may be why so many of his paintings use many yellow shades or include yellow spots, for example, Starry Night or Sunflowers."


text:
Округ Мадисон () — округ штата Миссури, США. Население округа на 2009 год составляло 12 341 человек. Административный центр округа — город Фридериктаун.

История
Округ Мадисон основан в 1818 году.

География
Округ занимает площадь 1287,2 км². 16,05 % площади округа занимает единственный национальный лес Миссури — «Марк-Твен».

Демография
Согласно оценке Бюро переписи населения США, в округе Мадисон в 2009 году проживало 12 341 человек. Плотность населения составляла 9,6 человек на квадратный километр.

Примечания

Округа Миссури


text:
Crawford County News
Steelville News
St. James News
Bourbon and Leasburg News
Phelps County News
State and Regional News
Cuba Sports
Steelville Sports
Bourbon Sports
St. James Sports
Rates, Advertising, and Marketing Media Kit
MU School of Visual Studies show coming to Rolla
Parent Category: News	Category: Entertainment	 Created: Wednesday, 04 December 2019 08:12	 Written by Rob Viehman	Hits: 1111
The University of Missouri's School of Visual Studies (SVS) Art on the Move (AOM) Outreach Program presents SVS student, Alex Sapaugh in Rolla, on Friday, December 6 for a reception at The Centre for Local Color, an exhibition hosted by Arts Rolla.
The reception will be held from 5-7pm on December 6th, and four pieces from Alex's series The Grazers will be shown from December 6 – December 30, 2019. Alex, a BFA candidate majoring in Drawing and Photography, is originally from Rolla.
Established in 2017, the MU School of Visual Studies merges four disciplines: art, art history, film studies, and digital storytelling. This dynamic program aims to graduate future generations of outstanding critical thinkers, inventive problem solvers, and makers of conscientious, well-crafted art while preparing them for professional careers in the contemporary art world.
Art on the Move provides real-life experiences for SVS students and alumni, providing hands-on professional career building opportunities by returning them to their Missouri hometowns or other Missouri communities to share their art and art careers. AOM plays an instrumental role in recruiting the next generation of SVS students.
The School of Visual Studies brings the academic resources of the University to communities across the state through collaborative engagements such as the Art on the Move Outreach Program that include MU students, faculty and alumni creating mutually beneficial learning outcomes with Missouri communities.
The exhibit is made available through a strategic partnership between MU School of Visual Studies, University of Missouri Extension, Arts Rolla, and The Centre. Image attached; flyer with artwork by Alex Sapaugh.
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text:
In addition to the concerts, Charles McPherson will host a free clinic on Tuesday, Nov. 1. (Credit: Antonio Porcar)
Renowned Saxophonist Collaborates with SDSU Jazz Ensemble
Award-winning musician Charles McPherson performs in concert with the top campus jazz band.
By Graciella Regua
Story Keywords: Music, Performing Arts, The Arts, Professional Studies and Fine Arts, Community, News
The San Diego State University Jazz Ensemble of the School of Music and Dance will feature special guest Charles McPherson at their concerts at 5 p.m. and 7 p.m. on Thursday, Nov. 3 at the Smith Recital Hall.
McPherson is a prominent and respected jazz saxophonist with more than 50 years of musical experience. Beginning at age 19, he performed at concerts and festivals with a variety of music groups nationwide. McPherson has released more than 15 albums, worked with dozens of acclaimed jazz artists, and was even the featured alto saxophonist in the Clint Eastwood film, "Bird."
Since his move to San Diego in 1978, McPherson has dedicated his time to both performances and music education. He has been recognized with several awards over his career, most recently this year with the 15th Annual Don Redman Jazz Heritage Award for his contributions in jazz education and music, as well as individual musicianship, humanity, and dignity.
World premiere with historically significant musician
Director of Jazz Studies Bill Yeager noted that this is the third time McPherson will be a featured soloist at SDSU.
"We have a major guest artist every semester, but Charles may be a cut above," he said. 'He's such a historically significant musician. You get a jazz history book and he's in it."
Yeager also revealed that he commissioned jazz studies lecturer Karl Soukup to arrange one of McPherson's original compositions for the concert.
"Charles has written many jazz compositions, but not arranged for a big band, like the Jazz Ensemble," Yeager said. "This arrangement will be a world premiere to have Charles' music performed by a band of this size."
Impact for students
Music education and ensemble trombonist Skylar MacKinnon shared his excitement about the opportunity.
"Getting to play with jazz greats such as Charles McPherson is an amazing opportunity," MacKinnon said. "We get to see live the results of decades of personal practice, learn about how to survive in an ever-changing music industry, and we learn the philosophies and viewpoints that have propelled the musicians to where they are now."
MacKinnon, an aspiring high school band director and freelance trombonist finds inspiration in musicians like McPherson.
"Not only does playing with Charles give me an example of musicianship to strive for, it also imparts to me many tips and philosophies that I can use when teaching my future students," MacKinnon said.
In addition to the concerts, McPherson will host a free clinic at 12:30 p.m. on Tuesday, Nov. 1 in the Music Building, Room 114. He will perform some of his work, discuss his ideas about music and answer questions.
Concert information
There will be two performances, one at 5 p.m. and another at 7 p.m. Tickets are $20 for general admission and $10 for students, and can be purchased at music.sdsu.edu.
SDSU Theatre Tackles Virtual Premiere
SDSU School of Art and Design Announces New Exhibition Program and Partners
Arts Alive SDSU Launches New Discovery Series
PHOTOS: New Student-Designed Mural Encourages Creativity
Hollywood Reporter Names SDSU a Top 10 Production Design School
"The Glaspell Project" Opens SDSU Theatre Season
Arts Alive SDSU Announces Fall 2018 Signature Events
SDSU Art and Design Professor Receives Honorary Doctoral Degree
Interdisciplinary Courses Provide Transformative Experience for Students
ArtPOP! and Open Studios Come Together for All-Day Arts Festival
SDSU Art and Theatre Events Opening This Week
Inspiring Future Musicians


text:
Q: form that sends an http request I have a bootstrap form that takes user input, I want it to send data as json to an arbitrary HTTP endpoint. Can it be achieved without reloading of the page? So the form just floats away and nothing else happens? I'm no sure what to google for.
I'm using ASP.NET MVC 5.2.3.0 WebApp on Azure.

A: Using Jquery
$.ajax({
url: "Your End Point",
context: document.body,
success: function(){
  'Whatever you need it to do'
}
});

Or make a HTTPRequest in JavaScript


Welcome to Alabama Medical Group's aesthetics services division. Our offerings include, Botox Injections, RESTYLANE® Filler, and PRP Hair Replacement. Don't wait, call 251-414-5900 for an appointment with Clare Carney, M.D. today.
BOTOX® Cosmetic injections are a simple 5-minute procedure designed to address the dynamic wrinkles of the forehead and eye regions.
BOTOX® Cosmetic works by stopping muscle contraction, which then relaxes the overlying skin to improve the skin wrinkling. Injections are performed in the office using a very small needle. A topical anesthetic ointment is applied to the skin prior to treatment and can render the injections almost painless.
BOTOX® Cosmetic works by stopping muscle contraction, which then relaxes the overlying skin to improve the skin wrinkling.
Injections are performed in the office using a very small needle. A topical anesthetic ointment is applied to the skin prior to treatment and can render the injections almost painless.
When performed properly, BOTOX® Cosmetic injections can lessen or eliminate frown lines, forehead lines and crow's feet lines. The average length of effect of BOTOX® Cosmetic is about 4 months. For some individuals, the length of effect can be more or less.
Individual results may vary. Learn more about BOTOX® Cosmetic at www.botoxcosmetic.com. BOTOX® Cosmetic is a registered trademark of Allergan, Inc.
RESTYLANE® is the first and only cosmetic dermal filler made of non-animal-based hyaluronic acid.
Hyaluronic acid is a natural substance that already exists in the human body and is used to provide volume and fullness to the skin.
The hyaluronic acid in RESTYLANE® is a crystal-clear gel called NASHA, or Non-Animal Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid. NASHA is biodegradable and completely biocompatible with human hyaluroinic acid.
RESTYLANE® lasts 4-6 months and the results are immediate.
There's an emerging treatment—platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy now offered at Alabama Medical Group by Clare Carney, M.D., Ph.D., that's helping restore hair loss for both men and women.
During the treatment, the patient's blood is drawn and gets spun in a centrifuge, which concentrates the platelet rich plasma and removes the red blood cells. The plasma is then injected into the scalp, which promotes collagen production, cell rejuvenation, wound healing and stimulates hair growth. The injection schedule will depend on your genetics, pattern and amount of hair loss, age and hormones.
The cost of each session is $600, because the treatment is cosmetic, insurance does not cover the cost of the procedure.
How frequently do I have to repeat the procedure?
There is no specific time frame, but I typically see patients four to six months after the first treatment followed by once a year maintenance.
Typically, in four to six months after the procedure, although some patients report having results before that time. After that time, most patients – both male and female, have regrown 30 to 40 percent of the hair they've lost.
Aftercare: Use a gentle, daily shampoo and conditioner after treatment.
Recovery time: Most patients will leave and go back to work after the treatment.
PRP is safe and effective for many people. However, you should not have PRP therapy if you have an underlying disorder such as thyroid disease or lupus or if you are on blood thinners, as your platelets won't work as effectively and the procedure is not as effective. Also, PRP therapy is more effective if a patient's hair loss is recent. It is more challenging to stimulate hair follicles that have been dormant for an extended period of time.


GAZA CITY (Ma'an) -- Hamas authorities in the Gaza Strip executed three Palestinians convicted for murder after dawn prayers on Tuesday, following a wave of outcry from members of the international community urging Hamas to cancel the decision.
The Hamas-run general prosecution said that the concerned authorities responsible for implementing the decision had found the three guilty of "terrifying" crimes.
The death penalty, the statement added, was carried out after all necessary legal procedures had been completed, despite having not been ratified by the Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas as required by Palestinian law.
The executions took place at the police headquarters in Gaza City, and were attended by family members of those who had reportedly been killed by the three convicts, instead of being held in public as had been widely expected in the days leading up the executions.
The families, according to general prosecution, rejected an eleventh hour offer to pardon the three convicted murderers.
Two of those convicted were executed as civilians by hanging and the third was executed as a "militant" by firing squad, according to law in the besieged Gaza Strip. The political affiliation of the supposed militant was not immediately clear.
Those executed were identified as Muhammad Otham, found guilty of the murder of Abd al-Qadir Barhoum from Rafah; Yousif Abu Shamla, who was found guilty of murdering Ulayyan Telbani from Deir al-Balah; and Ahmad Sharab, found guilty of murdering Fadil al-Astal from Khan Yunis.
The family of murder victim al-Astal announced that they would open a wake to receive condolences for three days.
PLO Secretary-General Saeb Erekat called on Tuesday for those responsible for the executions to be held accountable under Palestinian law.
He added that Abbas had not ordered any executions since he came to power, out of fear that doing so would impact the Palestinian Authority's image on the international scene negatively.
Executions for at least 10 other alleged convicted murderers were also approved in a decision last week by the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC) in the Gaza Strip.
While the exact number of approved executions was unclear, on May 20, senior Hamas official and PLC member Khalil al-Hayya implied that 13 people convicted of murder, mostly in connection with armed robberies, had exhausted their appeals, and were therefore set to be executed.
Following approval of the executions, reportedly to be held in public, human rights group Amnesty International, EU missions in Jerusalem and Ramallah, and the UN all admonished the practice of the death penalty and urged the PLC to reverse the decision.
Under Palestinian law, all death sentences must be ratified by the Palestinian president before they can be carried out. However, since 2010 the Hamas de facto administration in Gaza has carried out executions periodically without receiving approval from Abbas.
Hamas officials maintain that due to the indefinite postponement of presidential and parliamentary elections in the Palestinian territory, and the failure of the Palestinian Authority to assume most of its functions in the besieged coastal enclave, authority for ratifying death sentences lies with the PLC in Gaza.


text:
namespace search::fef::test {

QueryEnvironment::QueryEnvironment(IndexEnvironment *env)
    : _indexEnv(env),
      _terms(),
      _properties(),
      _locations(),
      _attrCtx((env == nullptr) ? attribute::IAttributeContext::UP() : env->getAttributeMap().createContext())
{
}

QueryEnvironment::~QueryEnvironment() { }

}


Sylvina McGuire did not want her grandson to attend the Stubbs Carnival celebrations the day he drowned.
"Some friends come and call him and I told him he always ready to go and he ask me if I ain't weary fret…," McGuire told SEARCHLIGHT on Wednesday.
Deshorn "Ricky" Cordice, 25, drowned on Sunday morning while swimming at Stubbs Bay. Reports are that Cordice was intoxicated after enjoying the Stubbs J'Ouvert celebrations. The father of one went into the water at around 7.30 a.m. and encountered difficulties.
He was pulled from the water by his brother and rushed to the Stubbs Polyclinic where he was pronounced dead.
McGuire, who described her grandson as "cute" and "like to make plenty jokes," is saddened by Cordice's demise and said on Wednesday that she misses him, as he was a very helpful person.
"I feel so sad because…I does talk to them," said the elderly woman, who explained that when Cordice's friends called him to attend the Stubbs Carnival celebrations, she did not want him to go, but he told her to stop fretting.
"After, I heard someone calling me and I said Miss McGuire not home (jokingly); then some people come and tell me he drowned," explained the bereaved woman.
She said that she is not sure how Cordice met his death, as she has heard different stories.
"Me sad about that," said McGuire, who revealed that her grandson will be buried on June 18.


Watch Hell's Kitchen (US) Online Free at CouchTuner. Chef Gordon Ramsay is a former soccer player who is much better known for his top star ratings worldwide as a chef. Having a highly successful show in the UK, Fox brought him to their network with 12 hopeful apprentices vying to win a new restaurant of their own. If it were just about their cooking talents, it might be easy, but this isn't called "hell's kitchen" without the devil himself in the person of Ramsay, making incredible demands for perfection, something he himself provides as is proven by his many years of winning top worldwide awards for his magnificent cuisine and presentation. If you can stand the heat, welcome to Hell's Kitchen.


If you happen to be nevertheless obtaining difficulty, check out Safari's help web page You can also search near a city, place, or address instead. Welcome to our Stonehedge Bowling Akron section from right here you can click on your preferred Stonehedge Bowling Akron image and use the Stonehedge Bowling Akron image embed code to add to your blogs, forums, web-sites and other on the internet media. If you want, you can customize your Stonehedge Bowling Akron embed code: resize the Stonehedge Bowling Akron image as well as select the position in which you would like it to appear on in your write-up.
If you're nonetheless getting difficulty, check out Firefox's assistance page You can also search close to a city, location, or address instead. If you are still obtaining difficulty, verify out Opera's help page You can also search close to a city, spot, or address rather. It's then just a case of copying the brief code and pasting the Stonehedge Bowling Akron code into your post. Under Site use of location solutions, click Prompt for every single internet site after each day or Prompt for every site a single time only.
If you happen to be nonetheless getting difficulty, check out Safari's assistance page You can also search near a city, spot, or address instead. Welcome to our Stonehedge Bowling Akron section from here you can click on your desired Stonehedge Bowling Akron image and use the Stonehedge Bowling Akron image embed code to add to your blogs, forums, web-sites and other on the net media. If you want, you can customize your Stonehedge Bowling Akron embed code: resize the Stonehedge Bowling Akron image as effectively as select the position in which you would like it to seem on in your write-up.
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If you are still getting difficulty, check out Safari's support page You can also search close to a city, place, or address rather. Welcome to our Stonehedge Bowling Akron section from right here you can click on your desired Stonehedge Bowling Akron image and use the Stonehedge Bowling Akron picture embed code to add to your blogs, forums, internet websites and other on-line media. If you want, you can customize your Stonehedge Bowling Akron embed code: resize the Stonehedge Bowling Akron image as well as pick the position in which you would like it to appear on in your post.
If you happen to be nevertheless possessing difficulty, check out Firefox's assistance web page You can also search close to a city, location, or address rather. If you're nevertheless having problems, verify out Opera's help page You can also search close to a city, location, or address alternatively. It really is then basically a case of copying the short code and pasting the Stonehedge Bowling Akron code into your post. Under Internet site use of location solutions, click Prompt for each and every web page as soon as every day or Prompt for each web-site one particular time only.
If you're nonetheless getting problems, verify out Safari's help web page You can also search close to a city, place, or address alternatively. Welcome to our Stonehedge Bowling Akron section from here you can click on your preferred Stonehedge Bowling Akron image and use the Stonehedge Bowling Akron picture embed code to add to your blogs, forums, internet websites and other on the internet media. If you want, you can customize your Stonehedge Bowling Akron embed code: resize the Stonehedge Bowling Akron image as effectively as select the position in which you would like it to seem on in your report.


text:
Q: how to draw on a image background using canvas? What is wrong with my code.I am trying to load the image background on a canvas and then draw few rectangles on the image canvas.my image is not showing up on the canvas or either is it being completely overwritten my rectangles.
I have followed this SO question, but still, it happens.
//Initialize a new Box, add it, and invalidate the canvas
function addRect(x, y, w, h, fill) {
  var rect = new Box;
  rect.x = x;
  rect.y = y;
  rect.w = w
  rect.h = h;
  rect.fill = fill;
  boxes.push(rect);
  invalidate();
}

// holds all our rectangles
var boxes = [];

// initialize our canvas, add a ghost canvas, set draw loop
// then add everything we want to intially exist on the canvas
function drawbackground(canvas,ctx,onload){
  var img = new Image();
  img.onload = function(){
    // canvas.width = img.width;
    // canvas.height = img.height;
    ctx.drawImage(img);
    //addRect(200, 200, 200, 200, '#FFC02B');
    onload(canvas,ctx);
  };
  img.src = "https://cdnimages.opentip.com/full/VLL/VLL-LET-G.jpg";
}

function init() {
  // canvas = fill_canvas();
  canvas = document.getElementById('canvas');
  HEIGHT = canvas.height;
  WIDTH = canvas.width;
  ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
  ghostcanvas = document.createElement('canvas');
  ghostcanvas.height = HEIGHT;
  ghostcanvas.width = WIDTH;
  gctx = ghostcanvas.getContext('2d');

  // make draw() fire every INTERVAL milliseconds
  setInterval(draw, INTERVAL);

  // set our events. Up and down are for dragging,
  // double click is for making new boxes
  canvas.onmousedown = myDown;
  canvas.onmouseup = myUp;
  canvas.ondblclick = myDblClick;

  // add custom initialization here:
  drawbackground(canvas,ctx);
  //context.globalCompositeOperation = 'destination-atop';
  // add an orange rectangle
  addRect(200, 200, 200, 200, '#FFC02B');

  // add a smaller blue rectangle
  addRect(25, 90, 250, 150  , '#2BB8FF');
}

//wipes the canvas context
function clear(c) {
  c.clearRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
}
...

A: As the Image loads always asynchronously, and you draw your rects synchronously after drawbackground() call, you will get a canvas with only image on it.
You need to create function which will pe passed as third argument to drawbackground, and call addRect in this function instead of drawbackground
PS:
Your code should throw an exception because
onload(canvas,ctx);

will try to call undefined as a function


At La Cucaracha Press we do all kinds of letterpress. From the traditional projects like business cards and invitations to custom and short-run jobs like coasters, leather goods, die cutting, or other finishing.
One could almost say that this is the central printing method at the shop, because we sometimes have weeks lined up with posters and other flatstock goods to print.
Our favorite way to use flatstock printing: flat or split fountain colors, designed to maximize chroma, visual impact, and graphic quality which you can see inall the artworks from artstract.co.uk which have an amazing quality and colorful projects of your choice. We also love what happens when you add a diecut, or some hand coloring, which makes screen printing look fresh as ever.
RISO is the newest addition to the shop. It's fast, semi-accurate, and very cool. With limited colors to work with, the fun thing is to design within the boundaries of what you have on hand.
We can currently do some types of RISO print jobs, but not all. Enquire for more info on our current color offerings, paper specs, and more.
Shirts is the fastest growing area in the shop and for good reason. Shirts are something every business makes at some point. Whether for special occasions, company give-aways, product lines for maker-businesses, or just for fun, we see a bit of everything come through the shop.
We can handle most types of t-shirt and textile printing, typically plastisol and water-based inks. In general, I am more of a custom printer and not a contract printer for most of my clients which means I provide the garments. Enquire for more info and we can work out any variables to get your designs printed.


The Hippdrome presents an adaptation of the Tony-award winning musical, "Rent," about the lives of seven artists in one year who are struggling to make their dreams come true without giving up or selling out. Part of the 20-year anniversary production tour of the 1996 musical. Tickets part of Hippodrome 7-show package deal.


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WVCS LEGACY WEBINAR
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Friday, May 15, 2020 10:00 AM
ABOUT LEGACY
JANIS A. CARNEY is the founder of The Law Offices of Janis A. Carney in Saratoga where she provides a holistic legal approach to her practice. The firm focuses on Estate & Wealth Protection Planning; Alzheimer's, Long-Term Care, Asset Protection Planning, Medi-Cal and VA Benefits, Trust, Estate and Probate Administration, and Elder Care Matters. Janis strives to be a resource in the community providing guidance on options and strategies to not only protect her clients' assets but their quality of life as they age. Her passion shows in how she shares her knowledge and allows people to make educated decisions for themselves and their families.
Janis has served the Silicon Valley Bar Association as one of its founding trustees, serving on the board of trustees for over 10 years, including one year as its president. She has served as the SVBA's Estate & Trust's Committee's judicial liaison to the Probate Court in Santa Clara County and has been a frequent speaker over the years at programs on various elder law matters.
ABOUT THE LEGACY SOCIETY
WVCS INNER CIRCLE OF GIVING LEGACY SOCIETY
Impact Your Community...Create Your Legacy
Including West Valley Community Services in your estate plan enables you to make the most of your personal philanthropic objectives by supporting something you care about. Through a legacy gift, you can expect to gain some or all of the following benefits:
Allow your personal values to make a lasting impact on the community
Inspire others to join in your commitment
Participate in special programs for Circle of Giving Society members
Gain valuable tax benefits
Help West Valley Community Services continue to fight hunger and homelessness
There are many ways to create a legacy gift. A few examples of legacy gifts are:
A gift in memory of a loved one
Real estate or other property
Cash donation
Bequest in a will or trust (you may choose to name West Valley Community Services as a beneficiary in your will)
Life insurance (you can name West Valley Community Services as one of your beneficiaries or give a policy to West Valley Community Services and deduct the premium payments)
Your legacy gift has the power to change the future of our community and will ensure that West Valley Community Services can continue to fight hunger and homelessness for many years to come.
For more information, contact Kohinoor Chakravarty, Director of Development and Communications, at (408) 366-6096 or email kohinoorc@wvcommunityservices.org.
"We believe in the mission and work of the charitable organizations we are actively supporting during our lifetime and want to leave a significant donation to be used after we are gone to help ensure the continued good work of these organizations.
We have chosen West Valley Community Services as a charity for our legacy gifts because of the important work it does in our community in meeting needs like hunger and homelessness. WVCS needs this type of community support for its long-term viability."
- Dorothy and Darryl Stow
"I would like to see my assets continue to carry out my support of good causes when I'm gone. That is the reason I have made provisions in my trust to help West Valley Community Services."
- Jim Jackson
"We all strive to take care of ourselves and our families to ensure our best life possible. And WVCS does that on our behalf for those with unimaginable challenges to provide the most basic needs for their families. I chose to join WVCS's Legacy Society to ensure that long after I'm gone, my family and I will continue to contribute to the important work of this agency. "
- Jeanne Bradford
"This relationship with donors and volunteers encourages continuous support, and ensures Sustainability for the long run. That's why we invite you to join us in making your commitment to the WVCS Legacy Society."
- Bev & Phil Lenihan
"Making a legacy gift to West Valley Community Services means that our contribution to the services that support individuals and families in need in our community will continue beyond our lifetime."
- Stan & Stephanie Barkey


Real Madrid are once again putting together a strong sequence of results that has kept them in touch with the top two places. Even though the likelihood of Real Madrid winning the league title remains low due to a 10-point deficit to Barcelona, Santiago Solari will be keen to keep their winning sequence going. Espanyol have gone through a much better form than the experienced in the first half of the campaign but the Catalan outfit have still managed only one victory in the last five games. Surprisingly, Espanyol picked up a victory in the recent meeting with Real Madrid at the RCDE Stadium but their current form makes me go with a win for Real Madrid along with over 2.5 goals.
Karim Benzema has been experiencing a decent run of form going forward. Even though he has only managed three goals in his last seven appearances for Madrid, Benzema remains the focal point of the team. I would back Benzema to score anytime in the game.


It's Grooming Time is a full service dog grooming, massage salon, and boutique located in Avenel, NJ. All breeds welcome.
Hours by appointment. Tues-Sat. Evening appointments available on Thursdays.
At It's Grooming Time we strive to make this your pet's BEST grooming experience ever! How do we do this? IGT is different from most grooming shops for many reasons. All equipment at IGT is state of the art, modern and up to date. From the Hydrosurge bathing system, which cleans your pet better then handwashing since it massages the shampoo right down to your pet's skin and massages them too! To hydraulic tables so larger, arthritic, and older dogs do not have to be lifted, but instead the table is lowered so they walk right onto the table then gently lifted.. NO CAGE DRYERS!! At It's Grooming Time we 100% hand dry each and every pet. (cage drying used for dryer frightened pets.) This makes for a much quicker and more pleasant groom. Pet's cage time is very limited, they are only caged when first dropped off, and when grooming is complete and they are waiting to be picked up. We use only ALL NATURAL Shampoos and Conditioners.Our stress free groomings make IGT a wonderful environment for all pets including older, special needs, first time grooming, nervous pets, pregnant etc. We are also veterinarian recommended! These are just a few things that make IGT different. Come in and see for yourself!
2006 Nash Academy of Animal Arts Graduate.
Check The "Services & Policies" Page for More Information!
Add NuVet Plus to your pet's diet to help heal and protect them from common ailments!
Available at It's Grooming Time!