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UK Tech Innovation Index 2 and The Data City. Report.
You can download the PDF of our UK Tech Innovation Index 2 report or read the HTML version below.
UK Tech Innovation Index 2 and The Data City.
Thomas Forth, Paul Connell, Peter Laflin, The Data City
UK Tech Innovation Index 2 is produced by The Data City with support from the Open Data Institute (ODI). The project is part of the ODI's innovation programme, a three-year, £6m programme to support and build upon the UK's strengths in data and data analytics, funded by Innovate UK.
Throughout this project we have blogged at thedatacity.com/blog and will continue to do so as The Data City grows. At the time of writing there are seven blog posts which we refer to in this report and which cover much of the same content. There will soon be more. You may prefer to start there.
The final product is at thedatacity.com/products/uk-tech-innovation-index-2/
Motivation: Why study Industrial clusters?.
The Data City: how we are different.
UK Tech Innovation Index 2.
Classification using machine learning.
Current and potential clustering methods and why graph databases help.
What data is being used and how much is open?.
What open data is being created?.
What data would make it better?.
Events data.
Patents data.
Scientific papers data.
The future: UK Tech Innovation Index and the Data City.
Tech Innovation Index development progress and roadmap (past, current, future).
The Data City Lille.
Motivation: Why study Industrial clusters?
The increasingly urgent desire to study industrial clusters in the UK can best be explained in a single graph. In most countries (below I have chosen France, but the pattern holds across Europe), the larger a city is, the more prosperous it is likely to be. In the UK this pattern does not hold and Manchester, Birmingham, Liverpool, and Newcastle significantly underperform international equivalents.
UK mid-size cities underperform EU equivalents — a cluster-focused industrial strategy aims to close the gap.
The most widely accepted reason why larger cities are more prosperous is that the gathering together in one place — the clustering — of industry, events, skilled people, and institutions leads to faster innovation and more rapid gains in productivity. The challenge for the UK is to understand why it almost uniquely has failed to harness these productive powers.
The UK Government's 2017 Industrial Strategy White Paper seeks to make the UK better at forming and growing clusters. Three quotes summarise the goals well,
"my belief in a strong and strategic state that intervenes decisively wherever it can make a difference".
"we must promote growth through fostering clusters and connectivity across cities, towns, and surrounding areas".
"we must earn wide support for our Industrial Strategy through the quality of our decisions and by sharing the evidence on which they're based".
We are sharing a first output of our ongoing work to provide an evidence base for better-informed decisions within the UK government. We are sharing many of our methods so that others can understand and trust them. We are documenting the datasets that we use and releasing many of the datasets that we create so that others can use them. We are showing the limitations of existing data and showing what would be possible if more data were available to us.
Focused on our diverse customers and users.
The Data City is a private company. We are completely focused on our customers because their investment is the only way that we will be able to continue our work. In the past three months we and our projet partners have spoken to BEIS (The Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy), Nesta, Bradford City Council, Leeds City Council, KPMG, Lille City, Lille Metropole, The Royal Society, Innovate UK, Transport for the North, The Northern Powerhouse Partnership, The Cabinet Office, Raspberry Pi Foundation, Oxford Insights, and Regeneris about our work.
This diverse group are asking us to help them inform,
Private investors looking to invest in companies.
Existing businesses looking to relocate or expand.
National government departments looking to assign investment nationally.
Local and regional governments looking to assign investment locally.
Local and regional governments looking to make the case to national governments and private investors.
This diversity is our strength because every new dataset that we collect and every new question that we ask improves The Data City for all of our customers. Everyone benefits from each other's curiosity and ambition.
Working in the open
Throughout this project we have blogged at thedatacity.com/blog. We are committed to working in the open. We do this partly because it helps other people, but mostly because it helps our team communicate, it helps us hear about new ideas, and it helps us to improve the quality of our work.
Our open approach has already created a lot of extra value.
Publicising our early work with the French companies open dataset, Sirène, led to us being featured on the French government's state innovation lab blog, étalab.
We are now partnering with the Métropole Européenne de Lille to deliver The Data City in France.
Our open data from the first UK Tech Innovation Index was used in the UK Government's Artificial Intelligence Strategy and referred to in the UK Government's Industrial Strategy.
There is always a risk that working in the open lets others copy your innovations without sharing back. This has happened to us in the past, but overall we think that it is worth the risk.
UK Tech Innovation Index 2 is powered by The Data City and for this purpose it is best to understand The Data City as the combination and development of two complimentary products.
The first product is the IoT UK Nation database. This uses natural language processing (NLP) and machine-learning to find over 600 UK firms working with The Internet of Things (IoT).
The second product is the UK Tech Innovation Index. This ranks UK cities by their innovation performance and potential in niches of technology. To do this it uses innovative measurement techniques such as Eventbrite and Meetup events, and scientific publication records.
UK Tech Innovation Index 2 combines these two approaches into a single process that takes in more data, updates more frequently, and covers many more businesses.
Data flow through The Data City makes continually-updated data from over a dozen sources accessible via a single querying interface.
Improvements have been made in five key areas,
The classification of businesses into industrial subsections using machine-learning.
The inclusion of many more scientific papers and events.
Moving from pre-defined cities to functional dynamic clusters.
The adoption of categories of technology from The UK Government's Industrial Strategy.
More frequent and efficient data collection and a shift from a flat data structure to a graph database.
A more detailed summary, including planned improvements for the future can be found in the Tech Innovation Index development progress and roadmap (past, current, future).section at the end of this report.
Further explanation of these five changes, and more, are included on our blog. In this report, we will focus on explaining the two most important methods that power UK Tech Innovation Index 2; industrial sector classification using machine learning, and clustering.
Classification using machine learning
One of the most important features of The Data City workflow is the classification of businesses. This is important because of the limitations of SIC codes . SIC codes define what activities every business in the UK performs, but they are poorly-suited to large companies that span many industrial sectors and technology companies whose small niches of operation change frequently.
To better classify businesses in the UK we use machine-learning.
At the start of this report we showed where machine-learning fits into our data processing pipeline. Here we'll explain more about how that works. It's simpler than it sounds.
We start with the list of UK companies available as open data from Companies House. Searching for each company name on the internet usually finds a website for the business and we can collect every website for analysis. The difficult part is deciding what a company does.
We could try and classify each business manually; it is usually quite easy to tell what a business does just from its website. We call this manual classification. It's not perfect and no two people will agree on how they classify business, but it's pretty good.
It is usually quite easy for a human expert to tell what a business does by looking at its website.
The obvious problem with manual classification is that with over a million UK businesses, it takes far too long. By the time industries are classified, new industrial sectors have sprung up.
The solution is to get a computer to classify industrial sectors.
Advances in machine-learning in the past decade mean that this is much easier than it once was. Unsupervised machine-learning algorithms can cluster websites into groups quite quickly.
An unsupervised machine-learning algorithm can identify similarities between websites and group them. It cannot usually name the groups, and will require guidance as to how many groupings to create.
The problem with unsupervised classification is that the results lack context about what is being grouped. Techniques might group companies by things we don't care about, like how optimistic the language on their webpage is, or whether they use Wordpress or Squarespace for hosting. Unless we make it clear that the classification we're interested in is by industrial sector this information can easily be lost. And even once we've got this right, creating clusters without giving them human-understandable names isn't much use.
The solution to this problem is to manually classify a small number of websites and businesses, and then use this to train the machine-learning algorithm so that it can spot similar businesses.
Since the groupings are named manually, they are meaningful to experts. Since we use a computer to do the classification, we can analyse millions of websites.
A supervised machine-learning algorithm uses a collection of websites that have been manually classified to learn how to classify a much larger set of websites. "Learning" can be as simple as setting parameters in an otherwise unsupervised algorithm. It can be much more complicated and iterative in cases where deep learning techniques are used.
The power of this classification technique is increased enormously because of our approach to open data. When we released the first IoT UK Nation dataset as open data we were told that some companies were missing. We received other feedback that some companies on the list were not in fact involved in IoT.
This was not a surprise to us — our machine-learning based approach isn't perfect and never will be. We incorporated this feedback into our classification model by adding those companies that were missing to the training set. When we reclassified our businesses using this new model many similar companies that were previously excluded from the list of IoT businesses were added. In a similar way, this new classification model removed both those companies that were wrongly classified as involved in IoT and some similar companies that no-one had explicitly alerted us to.
In this way, by sharing our outputs openly and by continually checking our classifications, we improve the classification model and thus the quality of our classifications over time.
It's a bit more complicated than that.
The diagrams and the explanation we've given are simple, but they manage to cover the important parts about how our industrial classification system works. Additional complexities are added to support more languages, more types of industry, and to try and keep the industrial classifications reasonably stable over time.
The classification system is continually learning as more websites are scraped, and more manual classifications are added. It also learns because we use more data sources than just websites. We use company tweets, links from the company website, and links to the company website from elsewhere on the web. These inbound links can include LinkedIn, open lists of companies from specialised industry groups, and public grant winners where we know the theme of the grant.
These are all pieces of information that a human expert might miss or be too busy to consider. But a computer can include them when deciding how to classify a business.
The final additional complexity for this blog post is how we use our classification model to classify more than just businesses.
We use the same system as we've just described to classify events from services like Open Tech Calendar, Meetup, and Eventbrite, and from patents and scientific paper abstracts. In this way we have a single learned ontology of industrial classification that we can use to combine data from many data sources, each with errors and uncertainties, to understand the evolution of industrial clusters.
Our classifications are currently pretty good, but we know that they can get much better. The most exciting part of The Data City is that the more data we collect, the more questions we answer, and the more manual corrections we make, the better our classifications get.
Wards, local authorities, combined authorities, primary urban areas, local enterprise partnerships, statistical regions, nations. They're just some of the geographies that we deal with when using official statistics within the UK. The history and emotion captured in each of their definitions makes comparisons difficult. Some people even argue that we shouldn't compare at all — though we've never heard a good alternative for how limited resources should be allocated.
Things gets even more complicated when we talk with governments and communities. The definition of a place changes enormously depending on who we speak with and the context of the discussion. It's great that people are as passionate about places as we are, but it makes things complicated.
We deal with this complexity in two ways; simplification and starting from the beginning. We deal with this complexity in two ways; simplification and starting from the beginning.
Simplification: The French way.
Geography is simpler than in the UK in many countries. For example, France has at various points in recent centuries thrown away old geographical definitions and created new simpler ones. The organisation of the country into communes, agglomerations, metropoles, départements, and régions makes most data analysis, and the discussions that arise from it, simpler than in the UK. Where similar simplified and functional geographies exist, we use them.
Starting from the beginning: clustering
In the absence of similarly good geographies in the UK we've developed an alternative: ignore existing geographies completely and use clustering algorithms to create better geographies.
With this approach, we don't care which city an event happens in, which local enterprise partnership a businesses is in, or which statistical region a university publishes papers in. We throw away all of that data and for each industrial category that we're investigating we just consider the precise location of each event, business, or university, and the links between them.
The strength of a link between two entities can be as simple as how close they are on a map. It might be the proportion of common attendees across two events, a shared supply chain for businesses, an innovation grant that multiple companies won, or staff who've worked at multiple places.
These links are why there is a graph database at the core of The Data City and the importance of the links is clear in the fact that the graph database has many times more links than entities.
The biggest problem with our clustering approach is naming. Cities have names, but clusters almost never do. In the first UK Tech Innovation Index we used a city definition called the primary urban area, which often merges together neighbouring cities and towns, then gives the whole area the name of the largest city.
We heard from a lot of people that they didn't like that, and they kept on asking us where their city was in our ranking.
So for UK Tech Innovation Index 2 we're trying something new. We create our clusters and then look up what significant towns and cities are within them. Then instead of naming the cluster after the largest place, we name it after them all. And we make the extent of the cluster clear on our map.
We know that this isn't perfect, but we hope that it will be less controversial and more useful.
Should we call it Newcastle? Newcastle, Sunderland, Middlesbrough? Or split the cluster and push each place down our rankings?
Because clustering is specific to each industrial category it is not consistent across all industrial categories.
If this new approach to clustering proves popular then it will be extremely useful to us as we continue to develop The Data City.
In Great Britain we understand most of the politics and local tensions around combining places into clusters and then naming them. But we don't understand these concerns anywhere else, and we already working with global data and thousands of clusters. It would be extremely difficult to name these clusters by hand.
For us, UK Tech Innovation Index 2 is a chance to see how well-received out new cluster-definition and cluster-naming system is. Let's see.
What data is being used and how much is open?
The Data City contains data from many sources, most with complicated and often incompatible licenses. This is a big challenge.
We try hard to operate within all of the restrictions on the data that we have and we think that by extracting summaries and then deleting raw data we achieve this. But it is impossible to be sure.
The following are the main data sources that we use for UK Tech Innovation Index 2, with our notes on the quality of the data, the licensing and conditions of use, and how we comply with these conditions.
Eventbrite API. Eventbrite has an excellent API that gives access to all events from the search date into the future. It has a non-open custom license with some important restrictions. We have interpreted these restrictions as not allowing us to store full events, and so we instead store a summary. In accordance with the terms of the license we will not share raw Eventbrite data, but will share that an event took place at a location in a year.
Meetup API . Meetup has a very good API with access to all events from the search date into the future. The event search function is not as powerful as Eventbrite but this can be worked around. It has a non-open custom license with some important restrictions. We have interpreted these restrictions as not allowing us to store full events, and so we instead store a summary. We treat this data similarly to how we treat Eventbrite data.
Open Tech Calendar . Events are listed from the download date into the future as a CSV file and under an open license. Historic events are available on request.
GetInvited to is an event service that is widely used in Northern Ireland. We had hoped to add its events to The Data City but since it has no API and no data policy we are unable to.
UK Patent Office (UKPO) releases patent data under The Open Government License (OGL) which permits re-use including in commercial settings. Patents in this data are classified according to the International Patent Classification (IPC), but these definitions do not seem to be completely open. For our purposes UKPO is poor because it typically identifies the address of the patent holder and not the addresses of the primary inventors. In an example where a deodorant technician in Leeds invents a new product and the patent is filed at Unilever's headquarters in London or Rotterdam this misidentifies the true location of innovation.
The International Patent Classification list is available via Eurostat and appears to be free to use, with copyright remaining the property of The World Intellectual Property Organization.
European Patent Office full-text data requires payment to access in bulk form and is made available under a 6-page custom license. There is a good online full-text search tool but the results are limited to 1000 results per query via the custom UI. With no API and no free method for bulk data download we have fallen back to using UK Patent Office data for this project.
Companies House data is free and available to use without condition. When it was published on data.gov.uk it was marked as 'Licensed under "Supplied under section 47 and 50 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 and Schedule 1 of the Database Regulations (SI 1997/3032)' although exactly what this means is unclear. The main Companies House website states that "All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated" but it is unclear whether this extends to The Companies House data product. But clarification from Companies House suggests that there is no license, and no license is required, because the data is public information and free from any restriction on use.
Microsoft Academic Knowledge API data is not free and not open. Licensing conditions are not stated anywhere and no restrictions are flagged for data that you've paid for. Following discussions with Microsoft Research staff we have assumed that it is okay to use but not share in a raw form. We treat this data similarly to how we treat Eventbrite data.
We also scrape data from a wide variety of websites and access data using APIs to social media feeds. We discuss this more, and whether such data is personal and/or sensitive on our blog. In general, data scraped from public websites are not restricted by licensing as much as by data protection law and copyright. Where we access data via twitter's APIs the licensing is quite restrictive.
What open data is being created?
We share open data both on portals and GitHub. Examples from previous projects by The Data City are,
Leeds Digital Businesses on Data Mill North.
IoTUK Nation Business List on Data Mill North.
UK Tech Innovation Index 1 on GitHub.
We are currently sharing the following outputs of UK Tech Innovation Index 2 on GitHub.
GeoJSON files of cluster boundaries, for each industrial category.
Relative scores for each cluster, for each category, with a breakdown by contribution (business, events, papers, patents etc…).
A list of every event, business, and scientific paper used to calculate the cluster boundaries and cluster scores, including their precise location.
In the future we intend to publish the following open data,
Classified businesses, similar to IoT UK Nation Database, but for the categories defined in UK Tech Innovation Index v2.
Classified events, where those events came from open events services such as Open Tech Calendar that allow us to republic events. This will let us show that machine-learning can classify events and get feedback that might improve our method. Republishing of events from Eventbrite and Meetup is not permitted under their license so we will not include their events.
What data would make it better?
As we have mentioned frequently in this report, more data and more questions means that The Data City can answer more questions and answer them better. The following improvements would have made UK Tech Innovation Index 2 even better.
Events data
Historic data for Eventbrite, Meetup, and Open Tech Calendar. The more events we have, the better we can understand where innovation is happening. Historic data is currently only available from Open Tech Calendar and it requires a manual request process.
Event attendance data from Eventbrite and Meetup. This would help us understand the strength of links between places. We caution that such information would need to be dealt with carefully to respect users' privacy. As part of this project we wrote more of our thoughts on the privacy and personal data consideration for The Data City and such approaches could work here.
One idea for sharing such data safely is provided in how Eventbrite and Meetup suggest events currently. The smart radius and auto-radius features in their APIs suggest nearby events when searching in a particular place. We believe this is based on event co-attendance and shows that such data can be shared without compromising privacy.
Patents data
More data from the UK Patent Office (UKPO) (Intellectual Property Office). The UK makes a lot of historic patent data available under an open license. It is quite detailed but it could be even better. By including machine-readable abstracts or full text of the patents we could use machine-learning to classify the industrial sector of the patents better. Currently UKPO data includes the filed address of a patent. Often this is a large company's headquarters, often abroad, and frequently in somewhere like Luxembourg. The invention was unlikely to have occurred in this place. Data on the inventor's address is much better for understanding where an invention took place, and what cluster that knowledge might have fed off and contributed to.
We should have got access to the European Patent Office during this project but we struggled to understand the licensing and access options. There are a lot of options on the EPO's raw data page and we got confused. Other people who we asked for advice also got confused. Our current understanding is that EPO full text data is available under a closed but reasonable license. You can't create a copy of their download or patent search site, but pretty much anything else is okay. The fee for access is €800 for a one-off backfile (1.9TB, shipped on a hard drive) and €150/year for updates. These costs seem reasonable to cover the cost of providing the data and if our understanding is correct, we will be accessing this data soon.
Scientific papers data
Anne-Wil Harzing is one of the world's leading experts on scientific paper analysis. Her excellent software Public or Perish is widely used by individual researchers and universities to track output and impact. She has written a number of blogs (1, 2, 3), explaining how the extremely expensive old systems like Web of Science and Scopus have been nearly matched by cheap or free alternatives like Microsoft Academic Knowledge and Google Scholar.
Of these two options we use Microsoft Academic Knowledge because it allows bulk querying and analysis in a way that is disallowed by Google Scholar's terms and conditions. In both cases the data is licensed under a restrictive license, although the terms are unclear.
Open data would be fantastic and efforts such as The Initiative for Open Citations are trying to achieve that. We think it is unlikely that such efforts will come close to the quality and coverage of Microsoft Academic Knowledge or Google Scholar any time soon. Given that, a clearer license from both of these companies would help us and others.
The Data City is constantly improving as we add more data, make more manual corrections, and answer more questions. Although we have taken a cut of the data so that we can release UK Tech Innovation Index 2 this doesn't mean that development has stopped.
On the next page we summarise the improvements in UK Tech Innovation Index 2 over UK Tech Innovation Index 1 and chart the improvements that we expect to see in the coming months. Since The Data City is always on and always improving we are calling this potential new product Tech Innovation Index Live. Instead of a static cut of data, it will be powered by live data. Instead of being restricted to the UK, it will work for the whole world.
Tech Innovation Index Live.
Density of all "tech" businesses as defined by SIC Code.
Density of businesses in subsectors of tech, classified by machine learning. We only have IoT business data for now and in other fields we use SIC code data.
Density of businesses in subsectors of tech, classified by machine learning, for both pre-defined sectors and custom sectors.
Search on Microsoft Academic Knowledge API for papers in a selected range of topics from UK research institutions only.
We use a full extract of all research papers and geolocate every institution. Papers are classified by keywords related to the categories.
Full extract of all research papers with geolocated institutions and information on citation count and inter-institution co-publishing.
Eventbrite, Meetup, Open Tech Calendar. UK tech only. Classified by keywords. Searched by city.
Eventbrite, Meetup, Open Tech Calendar – technology events only. More events captured. Classification by improved keyword searching. UK only.
Eventbrite, Meetup, Open Tech Calendar – all event types. Classified by machine learning. All events in the world over a longer period.
No patent data.
UK patent data, geolocated using the owner's registered address and classified using the IPC code. (removed from public website build to meet deadline)
Full European patent data, geolocated using primary inventor's address and classified using a combination of machine-learning on abstract, full text and IPC code.
Percentage of adults with a degree, by PUA.
No skills data.
Skills data from TechNorth on demand for skills by subsector of industry/technology and supply of skills by sub-subsector of industry/technology.
Geography /clustering
We use existing geographies (PUAs, NUTS, Local authorities) and assign businesses, scientific papers, and events to those geographies inconsistently.
We use no pre-existing geographies (definitions of cities, city regions etc…). Clustering is by K-means clustering using latitude/longitude and weak extra data on linkages. Number of clusters is set manually (with the assistance of entropy measures). Clusters are category-specific.
We use no pre-existing geographies, instead we use clustering (HDBScan or K-means or X-means) with latitude/longitude and other connectivity data (co-authorship of patents and papers, co-attendence at events, etc…). This is important because the number of clusters and the shape of each cluster will be different for each category.
Defined by Innovate UK and The Digital Catapult. Overly broad in areas (Health, Creative) and redundant in others (AI and Data).
Defined in collaboration with users. Based on The Industrial Strategy White Paper, 2017.
Defined in collaboration with users. Based on The Industrial Strategy White Paper, 2017, but with the ability to visualise data for any user-defined category within minutes.
One-off collection, manually assembled in Excel. We publish open data.
Scripted data collection, saved to multiple databases, accessed by queries, and assembled in Excel. We publish open data.
Continual data collection saved to a single database and accessed by queries that produce files that directly power our tools. We publish open data.
The Data City Lille
The Data City doesn't rely heavily on formal national statistics so we are able to expand to new countries easily. Language and subtle differences in economic structure are the only large barriers.
We know this because we've tested it. We already have large parts of The Data City working in Ireland and Scotland where national statistics are different to those in England & Wales. Our method is mostly unaffected. We can today provide comparable assessments of industrial strengths and potential for innovation in small niches of technology in Dublin, Belfast, Glasgow, Cardiff, and Leeds.
This January we are expanding to France. We'll be starting in Leeds' twin city of Lille, producing a version of The Data City for the Lille City Region. At the same time we'll be updating our version of The Data City for Leeds so that both tools can be presented to both cities at the same time at the beginning of March.
We've chosen France for three big reasons,
France's cities and national government have embraced open data, so we can easily access everything that we need to expand our tool. We can publish our results easily too, on great data portals run by our friends at OpenDataSoft.
French Cities have strong regional governments and business groups, both of which have the power and money to invest in innovation.
France is one of world's leading countries for artificial intelligence.
Places like Station F in Paris and Euratechnologies in Lille host both start-ups and big companies like Microsoft.
We've already done a lot. Our early work has been featured by étalab, the French government's digital services team. Our workflow for analysing scientific papers works without change, since most papers today are published in English. And we've already shared a lot of the additional methods we've developed to use French datasets and compare them with English & Welsh ones.
Our work on IoT UK Nation provides a fantastic basis on which to compare the UK and France. Famously, France is strong in The of Internet of Things, with nearly a third of exhibitors at 2017 CES (and even more in 2018) in Las Vegas coming from France. Our initial work suggests that this excellence is widely spread and often deeply linked with local industries.
In Rennes, IoT businesses are linked with Orange and Télécom Bretagne, a leading university and research institute. In Toulouse, IoT businesses are linked to Airbus and Ariane, world-leading aviation and airspace companies. What we see in France is similar to what we've found in the UK. One example is The West Midlands, where the automotive industry plays host to world-leading companies in IoT that slip beneath the radar of many policy experts and investors.
We still have lots of work to do in France. For a start all of our machine-learning needs translating. Internet of Things is probably Objets Connectés but we need to teach a machine that, and we'll need French tech people to help us.
Our next update will be in March.


Cynthia Xu, MAI holds a Master's Degree in Management Information System from Case Western University, Ohio. Cynthia is a Certified General Real Estate Appraiser in NJ and holds the MAI designation of the Appraisal Institute. Cynthia has over eight years of experience specializing in real estate valuation for mortgage origination and underwriting, tax appeal, tax donation, estate valuation, matrimonial and equitable distribution, pre-purchase valuation, eminent domain, farmlands conservation, and green acres.


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Deposition Author(s): Chang, Y.C.E., Wu, J.
Crystal structure of Lamellipodin implicates diverse functions in actin polymerization and Ras signaling.
Chang, Y.C., Zhang, H., Brennan, M.L., Wu, J.
The adapter protein Lamellipodin (Lpd) plays an important role in cell migration. In particular, Lpd mediates lamellipodia formation by regulating actin dynamics via interacting with Ena/VASP proteins. Its RA-PH tandem domain configuration suggests that like its paralog RIAM, Lpd may also mediate particular Ras GTPase signaling. We determined the crystal structures of the Lpd RA-PH domains alone and with an N-terminal coiled-coil region (cc-RA-PH). These structures reveal that apart from the anticipated coiled-coil interaction, Lpd may also oligomerize through a second intermolecular contact site. We then validated both oligomerization interfaces in solution by mutagenesis. A fluorescence-polarization study demonstrated that Lpd binds phosphoinositol with low affinity. Based on our crystallographic and biochemical data, we propose that Lpd and RIAM serve diverse functions: Lpd plays a predominant role in regulating actin polymerization, and its function in mediating Ras GTPase signaling is largely suppressed compared to RIAM.
Department of Developmental Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.


Tourism bodies across Birmingham have welcomed the news that the city will host the Commonwealth Games in 2022.
The announcement was officially revealed today (Thursday 21 December) by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) at a special event at the Arena Academy school near the Alexander Stadium, the centrepiece for the Games in five years' time.
It is anticipated that the 2022 Commonwealth Games will generate a £526 million boost to the West Midlands region (source: PwC economic impact analysis). Between 500,000 and one million additional visitors are expected to descend on Birmingham over the 11-day sporting event. The Games would support an average of 4,526 workers per year from 2018 to 2022.
"This is the West Midlands' moment to make its mark. Hot on the heels of Coventry's City of Culture success, Birmingham winning the 2022 Commonwealth Games is another tremendous endorsement for the region, providing an unprecedented opportunity to showcase its recent resurgence and regeneration on an international stage.
Co-ordinated by Culture Central, in cooperation with institutions including Birmingham Museums, Birmingham Hippodrome, Sampad South Asian Arts Organisation and DanceXchange; and working with arts and communities organisations from across the city, the Birmingham 2022 cultural programme will be embedded at the very heart of the Games.
"The decision to award the 2022 Commonwealth Games to Birmingham is a tremendous boost for the region's reputation on an international stage.
Birmingham welcomed the highest number of visitors on record in 2016, with tourist numbers reaching 39.1 million, international visitors hitting 1.11 million and tourism revenue at an all-time high of £6.5 billion. The number of full-time jobs supported by the sector now stands at 70,635. Figures from the West Midlands Growth Company Regional Observatory also show that 2016 was the most successful year in history for Birmingham's hotels, with occupancy rates for 2016 peaking at 99% capacity and averaging at 75%.


What are Invisalign® Clear Aligners?
Invisalign® Clear Aligners provide you with a discreet, removable method to straighten crooked teeth without drawing attention to the corrective appliance. At Crossroads Dental, you can quickly be fitted with these easy-to-snap-in oral appliances, and be on your way to a beautiful smile. The appliance is easily removed for eating and brushing your teeth. Our Lulling office can answer your questions about Invisalign® treatment.
Invisalign® is a great choice for our patients who are searching for a more discreet orthodontic treatment option. Instead of using wires and metal brackets found in traditional braces, the Invisalign® system uses a progressive set of customized, computer-generated aligners to correct the alignment of your teeth. Each set of aligners is fitted make small movements in the position of the teeth. Every two weeks, the patient change their set of aligners to gradually, and gently guide their teeth to their proper positions. Regular visits to the office are made to ensure the fit and progress of the appliance.
What happens during my Invisalign® consultation visit?
During your first visit, we will perform an examination, and see if you are a good candidate for Invisalign®. This treatment is often a good choice for adult patients and others who are interested in a virtually invisible orthodontic treatment. In addition to being discreet, Invisalign aligners are also very comfortable because they are custom made from smooth, thin plastic. The aligners are removable as well, which allows you to easily remove them as needed in order to eat, brush, and floss. We welcome you to call or visit us today to learn more about Invisalign.


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Transport June 23, 2015 June 23, 2015
Land Rover creates one-of-a-kind Defender to mark the production of the two millionth car
Yes, Land Rover has come up with yet another special edition Defender after introducing the Heritage models and the Rugby World Cup car earlier this year. In fact, the British marquee is going to use every opportunity between now and December to mark the end of its production. On this occasion, Land Rover marked 67 years of production with a unique vehicle to commemorate the UK production of the two millionth Series Land Rover and Defender. The automaker invited few people close to the brand to build the 2,000,000th Series Land Rover/Defender at the Solihull factory.
This special one-off will be auctioned by Bonhams on December 16, with funds going to the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies as well as the Born Free Foundation. "Over 67 years, the Series Land Rover and in turn Defender has been the transport of choice for explorers, charity organizations, farmers and even royalty. Throughout history it has helped pioneers to reach the unreachable," said Dr Ralf Speth, chief executive of Jaguar Land Rover.
The distinct finishing touches on the one-off include a map of Red Wharf Bay, where the original Land Rover design was drawn in the sand, which is etched into the exterior along with a Defender 2,000,000 badge. The no. 2,000,000 logos are also stitched into the headrests and the Red Wharf Bay graphic is featured again on the leather and cloth seats.
READ: Land Rover has released an adventure-ready smartphone to go along with your new Defender SUV
[Via – DesignBoom]
Zenith creates a special edition Chronomaster to celebrate the launch of Range Rover Velar
Land Rover teams up with Virgin Galactic as the official road transport partner
Land Rover Discovery Vision Concept offers a glimpse of a tech infused future
Watch – Man tries to take photos of his Land Rover on a New Jersey beach as the sea swallows it
Land Rover Defender XTech Special Edition will debut in U.K.
Land Rover has released an adventure-ready smartphone to go along with your new Defender SUV
For Junior – A $15,000 Land Rover Defender pedal car
Future Land Rover models to come with eye tracking and gesture activated controls
Uber-luxury 2016 Range Rover SVAutobiography revealed
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We love banana bread, but sometimes carrying a whole loaf of it around can be kind of inconvenient. So, we decided to come up with a banana bread muffin recipe that you enjoy while on the go! Our Easy Banana Muffins will perk you up whether you eat 'em for breakfast or dessert!
In a large bowl, beat butter and sugar until creamy. Add eggs and beat until light and fluffy. Stir in bananas; mix well. Add flour and baking soda, mixing just enough to moisten.
Spoon batter into muffin cups and bake 25 to 30 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in center comes out clean.
If you liked this easy banana muffin recipe, be sure to check out our recipe for Chocolate Chip Banana Muffins, or browse through our collection of Simple Banana Muffin Recipes.
You can also use those ripe bananas to make this tropical-tasting Hawaiian Pineapple Banana Bread!
Plus, don't forget to check out our collection of Irresistible Banana Recipes: 36 Recipes with Bananas.
Loved this recipe. I added some peanut butter chips and a pinch of salt . This the best banana muffin I have ever made.
truly easy. made mini muffins.
e u can use plenda.
could you use splenda and whole wheat flour?
Yes you can. However, we did not try it with those ingredients in the Test Kitchen, so we can not guarantee the results. Let us know how it works, enjoy!
These muffins were very easy to prepare and sweet tasting too! I want to try pineapple bits for a more refreshing taste!
I made these so fluffy and delish. best banana muffins ever! Thank You.
These banana muffins turn out really soft, fluffy and delicious! We sprinkle a few walnuts on top for family members that like banana nut muffins or leave them plain. They are great either way! Really simple recipe to make!
I thought they were kinda bland. No salt listed in the either. I also added pecans. Not something I will make again. Disappointed.
If anyone else freezes their bananas when they get ripe, 3 ripe bananas = approx. 1 cup mashed bananas.
moist and tasty.I added a 1/4 cup chopped pecans.
I just made these. They are delicious! I did add craisins and nuts. Oh, and I only used a1/2 cup sugar instead of a whole and they still taste delicious.
What about this receipe for diabetics? Any suggestions?
I just made this today, it makes 16 muffins, and i also added pecans that i put through the ninja. I know the recipe does not say this but you need to smash up the bananas before you try to stir them in lol.
excellent. poured batter into paper baking cups - easy clean-up.
Wow! This recipe was soooo easy and fast to make. I made them for breakfast and the only thing I did add, was some banana extract that I had. Will make this again for sure! Thanks!


 Rocklist.net...Steve Parker...Rolling Stone Guide 2004..
"This fourth edition contains an impressive – 70% - amount of new material. Readers will find fresh updates to entries on established artists, hundreds of brand new entries on the people and recordings that epitomize the 90s and the sounds of the 21st century – from Beck to OutKast to the White Stripes & beyond…" Published by Simon & Schuster, New York, 2004 Edited by Nathan Brackett (Senior Editor at Rolling Stone) & Christian Hoard (contributor to Rolling Stone & Village Voice).
The Albums are usually entered here in the order they are listed in the book. Artists are often given sub-entries in the book: ie – Baader Meinhof and Black Box Recorder are listed under the Auteurs, but as none of these get 5 Stars, it doesn't affect this list! Label and year of release is only given here when absolutely necessary to identify an album, often in the case of self-titled albums, and Greatest Hits & Best Of compilations. As the book only lists albums available at the time of writing, previous 5-Star LPs are sometimes deleted and therefore now not in this list, this doesn't necessarily mean they've been down-rated. (ie Fairport Convention's Unhalfbricking received 5-Stars in the 3rd edition, but isn't in this list, it wasn't given a lower rating, just temporarily deleted).
Hendrix, Jimi – Are You Experienced?
Holy Modal Rounders – Have Moicy!


Are you bored with your same old hair colour? Yes, I know the feeling. Looking in the mirror and seeing the same hair colour every day can be boring especially if you are vibrant and always want to change things but still don't know what to do with your hair.
You have tried a different hairstyle, braiding your hair and even weaving it but still don't see the change? What you need is a total transformation. This can only come if you have a hair colour change. What colour do you expect to see when you look in the mirror?
Having a hair colour change can be refreshing. You feel younger and attractive and you feel the new look especially if the colour is complimenting your skin. You gain confidence and courage to look at your self in the mirror and admire yourself, have you tried silver shades?
Silver is the new trending pigment on the globe. It is quite interesting because years back women feared grey and silver hair. That is because it is associated with old age and no woman wants to be old, but now it is becoming the new red-carpet look.
Many women are embracing the look and are looking stunning with the look. when you go silver, you look modern and cool. Many celebrities have embraced the look and have come up gorgeous and no wonder more and more women are going for the look, want to know more? Read along.
Before you go for the colour, it is good to research and know what you are getting yourself into. Yes, it is trendy, and you will look good in the shade, but it is worth your hair loss, what is the current condition of your hair and is it ready for the transformation.
Once you answer the questions and you are confident you want the look, it is time to know what it entails. You just don't go to the shop and buy a dye and apply. There are some laid down rules that you need to follow if you want to look good and maintain the look.
Now that you are certain that you need the look, you need to know what you need to do to have the look. that means searching around and consulting if you must. The aim of all this is to make sure not only do you achieve the silver look but also be able to maintain it. here is what you need to follow.
Walking this journey need someone who knows what she wants. What shade do you want for your hair? That is because there are so many shades to choose from. This is where you need a specialist since you need the advice on what shade best suit your skin colour.
Getting the silver colour can be tricky. It involves a lot of efforts and sometimes you will not get it right. that is why you need a person who can guide you through the colour change, the products and the process. That will help you choose the shade that will compliment your look.
This means you start preparing your hair. You need to nature your hair for the change, that means taking care of it and nourishing it with the necessary ingredients. That includes using a nourishing mask with or instead of conditioner to make sure that the hair is in perfect condition for the dye.
Some brush or s comb.
Bleaching dye if you need to bleach.
Hair clips to hold your hair.
Make sure you have all this assembled at one place to prevent messing around when looking for something. Once you have all this, you will be good to go.
Unless you have blonde hair, you need to bleach your hair to form a good colour foundation for the dye. You need to make sure that your hair has the required colour to start up. That is why we mentioned that you may need to search or seek professional help if you are a first timer.
If you want to achieve a deeper steel grey and you have a dark natural hair, you need to bleach your hair so that it has a more of yellow undertone as the foundation. If you are looking to have a pale silver shade and you have a light hair, you need to bleach your hair to a pale blonde.
With the knowledge above, you need to read the bleach instructions then mix it well and apply portion by portion minding your scalp. After you are done, you need to wait for the required time them wash the bleach with shampoo and pat dry your hair.
The part you dye your hair is the intense one. That is because it involves a lot of attention and time to get it right. now that you have bleached your hair to the required foundation, its time you start with the dye process. Like all the other dye, you need to make sure you have a freshly washed unconditioned hair.
With your dye, you need to prepare according to the instructions keeping in mind the caution highlighted so as not to make a mistake. Before you start any process, protect yourself by covering with a towel and wearing gloves.
Apply the dye from the bottom part of the hair. Make sure you apply to evenly and once you are done with the lower part, do so eve on the upper part of your hair. You need to keep the dye for the recommended time then wash your hair.
When doing all this, remember for you to get your hair to the lightest shade, you need to use a tonner that lasts for at least 20 shampoos. So, you need to be ready for a lot of maintenance before you achieve the real colour that you want.
If you want a silver that is not too ashy, you need to maintain your undertone well. After you wash, you need to follow up with a brass neutralizing shampoo for a vibrant and glossy look. there you have it, you now have the silver hair that you so desired.
Remember cheap is expensive. Never go for products that are cheap and promise a lot. Those products end up messing the dye and how your hair looks. invest and go for the best products and you will be sure to have a long-lasting silver look.
If you have a tendency of washing your hair while n the shower, you need to make sure the water is warm and not hot. Hot water tends to make the hair dry and may cause breakage of the hair. While washing, use a shampoo that will best protect the colour.
Before you apply any hot toll on your hair. Is good to apply a heat protectant to protect your hair from the heat. I know you want to curl it up or make it smooth to show off your new strands, protect your hair from any heat to avoid breakage before any heating process.
If you are not fond of saloons and beauty parlours, its time you start getting used to it, you will need to make frequent trips to the saloon for some retouch and a little maintenance. That goes a long way in ensuring that your hair remains vibrant and the silver colour intact.
If you need a hair colour change, silver is the new trend to go for. Yes, it is tricky and can be tedious to get it right but with the right information and the right guidance, you can end up with a look that will leave all heads turning to have a glance at the gorgeous new you.


Replacement carpet for all lids, floor, and compartments with this complete carpet kit. Front Deck carpet and front step carpet is pre-cut and surged to fit. The remainder of the boat; including lids, front compartments and floor, must be cut to fit by the installer. An additional 25' of carpet is included with this kit for those applications. Please note boat model and carpet color in notes. Carpet will most likely be a different shade than original carpet, especially gunmetal. Carpet kits are cut to order and take up to 4 weeks to ship.


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Metal Blast!
Home Album Reviews Sabaton – Heroes
Sabaton – Heroes
J Salmeron
Violence and war are a common topic in metal. From Metallica's "One" to Megadeth's "Symphony of Destruction", and 95% of Manowar's discography, countless bands have used our fascination with destruction in their art. While sometimes, as in the case of Manowar and Amon Amarth,the stories of battles acquire a more epic and glamorous tone, material like Black Sabbath's "Children of the Grave" and "War Pigs", or Iron Maiden's "2 Minutes to Midnight", serve as criticisms to hawkish politics, reflecting on the horrors of war. Sabaton appear somewhere in between these two extremes, sometimes singing the praises of soldiers and warriors of old, and others simply describing the sad tales of battle.
Although following the very successful Carolus Rex (2012, certified platinum in Sweden), fans and critics alike were doubtful as to what to expect from Heroes. With a new drummer and new guitarists, this was a completely new Sabaton, with only Pär Sundström (bass) and Joakim Brodén (vocals) remaining from the old guard, so questions arose as to how much of the magic still existed. Having listened to this album enough times to memorize some of the lyrics, I can assure you that it's not that Sabaton are back, it's that they never left. They're here, stronger than ever.
Lyrically, Heroes continues where Coat of Arms (2010) left off, devoting all the songs to events surrounding World War II, with only a marginal mention of the Vietnam War ("Soldier of Three Armies", as Lauri Törni, the subject of the song, also served there). Although a larger variety of topics would have been welcomed, WWII is certainly a fertile ground for artistic works, with more stories of heroism and tragedy than we'll ever be able to tell.
Having been (stupidly and unjustifiably) accused of Nazism in the past, Sabaton took the risky step (in an industry where the media is always looking for a moral panic) of praising some of the German heroes of WWII ("Hearts of Iron"), who risked their lives to save German civilians during the fall of the Reich. It's a touching song that tells the tale of the young German men who found themselves in the frontlines, and who now had to ensure their people were saved from certain death at the hand of the Soviet hordes. With the words "it is not about the Rheine, it is not about the Reich, it's about the men who fought for them, what peace can they expect?" Sabaton remind us that war affects every side of the conflict, and that soldiers are often no more than pawns in the hands of their leaders.
The album is rife with dark lyrics, much more so than in previous releases, such as the horrific tale of Polish hero Witold Pilecki ("Inmate 4859"). This is a man whose balls were so big that they required a separate uniform, as he deliberately got himself arrested and sent to Auschwitz in order to assist the resistance (the Communist Polish Government demonstrated their gratitude by having him executed in the postwar years). Same happens with the story Karel Janoušek ("Far from the Fame") who served in the Czech resistance movement, only to be executed by the Marxist government after the war.
The sound of the album departs a bit from what was seen in Carolus Rex, with considerably less priority given to the keyboards (compare "The Lion from the North" with "Far from the Fame" to get an idea). Although instrumentally the album delivers perfectly, with enough raw power to make you want to stand up and invade your neighbor's yard, it isn't exactly a showcase of instrumental virtuosity. This, of course, doesn't take anything away from the album, as that virtuosity would have been simply uncalled for. The production, handled by Pain's Peter Tagtgren, really packs a punch, even if at times the bass seems to be hard to find (which is odd, considering bassist Pär Sundström's role in the band).
Heroes demonstrates that Sabaton are far from being over. They set themselves out to conquer Europe, not only by pandering to local nationalisms, but by delivering a great musical product. With their songs they demonstrate that we do not need to look elsewhere to find tales of beauty and horror, of heroism and cowardice, of triumph and infamy. This in an album that you simply cannot afford to miss.[signoff predefined="Signoff 1″][/signoff]
Check our interview with Joakim Brodén about Heroes!
Previous articleHearts of Iron: An Interview With Sabaton
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Considered by his mother as the brightest and prettiest boy, J's interest in metal started in his early teens, listening to bands like Iron Maiden and Metallica (coupled with an embarrassing period in which Marilyn Manson "totally represents me, man") eventually moving into the realm of power, black, and death metal. He is a practicing attorney, and a lecturer on commercial law. He is also a terrible guitar player and martial artist, and someone who enjoys coming up with excuses as to why he has to miss work after going to a concert. He also dabbles as a concert photographer, you can see his sub-par work on his instagram.
Krvsade – Judgment Day (EP)
Tylor Dory Trio — Unsought Salvation
Danzig – Black Laden Crown
Diatonic – I Am The One
Seedna – Forlorn


text:
Amphilita arcuata is een vlinder uit de familie van de uilen (Noctuidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1908 door D. Jones.

arcuata

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The registered office address of Smartway Europe Limited is 71-75 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9JQ, United Kingdom.
All the headings are indicative and do not form part of these conditions.
1. In these conditions, the following words shall have the following meaning:
" Company" the logistic or transport Company with legal status to provide transport services within the European Union.
" Consignee" the Person to whom the goods are consigned.
" Customer" any Person at whose request or on whose behalf the Company undertakes any business or provides advice, information or service.
" Goods" the cargo to which any business under these conditions relates.
"Person" natural person(s) or anybody or bodies corporate.
" Transport Unit" packing case (one coli – one box, package or parcel) used whatsoever for and in connection with the carriage of Goods by land or air.
" Owner" the Owner of the Goods or Transport Unit and any other Person who is or may become interested in them.
2.1. Subject to sub-paragraph (2.2) below, all and any activities of the Company in the course of business, whether gratuitous or not, are undertaken subject to these conditions.
2.2. If any legislation, to include regulations and directives, is compulsorily applicable to any business undertaken, these conditions shall, as regards such business, be read as subject to such legislation, and nothing in these conditions shall be construed as a surrender by the Company of any of its rights or immunities or as an increase of any of its responsibilities or liabilities under such legislation, and if any part of these conditions be repugnant to such legislation to any extent, such part shall as regards such business be overridden to that extent and no further.
3. The Customer warrants that he is either the Owner or the authorized agent of the Owner and, also, that he is accepting these conditions not only for himself but also as agent for and on behalf of the Owner.
4. Subject to clauses 11 and 12 below, the Company shall be entitled to procure any or all of the services as an agent, or, to provide those services as a principal.
4.1 The Company reserves to itself full liberty as to the means, route and procedure to be followed in the performance of any service provided in the course of business undertaken subject to these conditions.
5. When the Company contracts as a principal for any services, it shall have full liberty to perform such services itself, or, to subcontract on any terms whatsoever, the whole or any part of such services.
6. When the Company acts as an agent on behalf of the Customer, the Company shall be entitled, and the Customer hereby expressly authorizes the Company, to enter into all and any contracts on behalf of the Customer as may be necessary or desirable to fulfill the Customer's instructions, and whether such contracts are subject to the trading conditions of the parties with whom such contracts are made, or otherwise.
6.1. The Company shall, on demand by the Customer, provide evidence of any contract entered into as agent for the Customer. Insofar as the Company may be in default of the obligation to provide such evidence, it shall be deemed to have contracted with the Customer as a principal for the performance of the Customer's instructions.
7. Subject to sub-clause (7.4) below, the Company:
7.1. Has a general lien on all Goods and documents relating to Goods in its possession, custody or control for all sums due at any time to the Company from the Customer and/or Owner on any account whatsoever, whether relating to Goods belonging to, or services provided by or on behalf of the Company to the Customer or Owner. Storage charges shall continue to accrue on any Goods detained under lien;
7.2. Shall be entitled, on at least 28 days' notice in writing to the Customer, to sell or dispose of or deal with such Goods or documents as agent for, and at the expense of, the Customer and apply the proceeds in or towards the payment of such sums;
7.3. Shall, upon accounting to the Customer for any balance remaining after payment of any sum due to the Company, and for the cost of sale and/or disposal and/or dealing, be discharged of any liability whatsoever in respect of the Goods or documents.
7.4. When the Goods are liable to perish or deteriorate, the Company`s right to sell or dispose of or deal with the Goods shall arise immediately upon any sum becoming due to the Company, subject only to the Company taking reasonable steps to bring to the Customer`s attention its intention to sell or dispose of the Goods before doing so.
8. The Company shall be entitled to retain and be paid all brokerages, commissions, allowances and other remunerations customarily retained by, or paid to, freight forwarders.
9. Should the Customer, Consignee or Owner of the Goods fail to take delivery at the appointed time and place when and where the company is entitled to deliver, the Company shall be entitled to store the Goods, or any part thereof, at the sole risk of the Customer or Consignee or Owner, whereupon the Company's liability in respect of the Goods, or that part thereof, stored as aforesaid, shall wholly cease. The Company's liability, if any, in relation to such storage, shall be governed by these conditions. All costs incurred by the Company as a result of the failure to take delivery shall be deemed as freight earned, and such costs shall, upon demand, be paid by the Customer.
9.1. The Company shall be entitled at the expense of the Customer to dispose of or deal with (by sale or otherwise as may be reasonable in all the circumstances).
9.2. After at least 28 days' notice in writing to the Customer, or (where the Customer cannot be traced and reasonable efforts have been made to contact any parties who may reasonably be supposed by the Company to have any interest in the Goods) without notice, any Goods which have been held by the Company for 90 days and which cannot be delivered as instructed; and
9.3. Without prior notice, any Goods which have perished, deteriorated, or altered, or are in immediate prospect of doing so in a manner which has caused or may reasonably be expected to cause loss or damage to the Company, or third parties, or to contravene any applicable laws or regulations.
10. No insurance will be effected except upon express instructions given in writing by the Customer and accepted in writing by the Company, and all insurances affected by the Company are subject to the usual exceptions and conditions of the policies of the insurers or underwriters taking the risk. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the Company shall not be under any obligation to affect a separate insurance on the goods, but may declare it on any open or general policy held by the Company.
10.1. Insofar as the Company agrees to effect insurance, the Company acts solely as agent for the Customer, and the limits of liability under clause 26.1. Of these conditions shall not apply to the Company's obligations under clause 11.
11 Except under special arrangements previously made in writing by an officer of the Company so authorized, or made pursuant to or under the terms of a printed document signed by the Company, any instructions relating to the delivery or release of the Goods in specified circumstances (such as, but not limited to, against payment or against surrender of a particular document) are accepted by the Company, where the Company has to engage third parties to effect compliance with the instructions, only as agents for the Customer.
11.1. Despite the acceptance by the Company of instructions from the Customer to collect freight, duties, charges, dues, or other expenses from the Consignee, or any other Person, on receipt of evidence of proper demand by the Company, and, in the absence of evidence of payment (for whatever reason) by such Consignee, or other Person, the Customer shall remain responsible for such freight, duties, charges, dues, or other expenses.
11.2. The Company's liability in respect of the performance of or arranging the performance of, such instructions shall not exceed the limits set out in clause 26.1. of these conditions.
13. Advice and information, in whatever form it may be given, is provided by the Company for the Customer only. The Customer shall indemnify the Company against all loss and damage suffered as a consequence of passing such advice or information on to any third party.
14. Without prior agreement in writing by an officer of the Company so authorized, the Company will not accept or deal with Goods that require special handling regarding carriage, handling, or security whether owing to their thief attractive nature or otherwise including, but not limited to bullion, coin, precious stones, jewelry, valuables, antiques, pictures, human remains, livestock, pets, plants, dangerous goods, fragile goods, firearms, narcotics or/and drugs, food, alcohol and tobacco, remains, live animals, parcels whose value exceeds € 300, precious metals and stones, watches, jewelry and pearls, objects of art, collector's items and antiques with a value of more than € 300.00 per parcel, phone cards and pre-paid cards (e.g. for mobile phones), money and documents with monetary value (e.g. securities, acceptance bills, savings books), firearms and essential weapon parts according to § 1 of the German Weapon Law as well as ammunition, personal effects and carnet ATA goods, goods which possess a low value themselves but whose damage or loss could cause high consequential damages (e.g. volumes with sensitive data), parcels whose dispatch or storage would violate applicable laws, parcels classified as carriage forward, perishable or temperature sensitive goods. Should any Customer nevertheless deliver any such goods to the Company, or cause the Company to handle or deal with any such goods, otherwise than under such prior agreement, the Company shall have no liability whatsoever for or in connection with the goods, howsoever arising.
15. Except pursuant to instructions previously received in writing and accepted in writing by the Company, the Company will not accept or deal with Goods of a dangerous or damaging nature, nor with Goods likely to harbor or encourage vermin or other pests, nor with Goods liable to taint or affect other Goods. If such Goods are accepted pursuant to a special arrangement, but, thereafter, and in the opinion of the Company, constitute a risk to other goods, property, life or health, the Company shall, where reasonably practicable, contact the Customer in order to require him to remove or otherwise deal with the goods, but reserves the right, in any event, to do so at the expense of the Customer.
16. Where there is a choice of rates according to the extent or degree of the liability assumed by the Company and/or third parties, no declaration of value will be made and/or treated as having been made except under special arrangements previously made in writing by an officer of the Company so authorized as referred to in clause 26.4.
17. The Customer warrants:
17.1. That the description and particulars of any Goods or information furnished, or services required, by or on behalf of the Customer are full and accurate, and that any Transport Unit and/or equipment supplied by the Customer in relation to the performance of any requested service is fit for purpose, and that all Goods have been properly and sufficiently prepared, packed, stored, labelled and/or marked, and that the preparation, packing, storage, labelling, and marking are appropriate to any operations or transactions affecting the Goods and the characteristics of the Goods. Maximum weight of one parcel cannot exceed more than 50 kg, a combined length and girth of more than 3 m, a length of more than 2 m, a height of more than 0.6 m or a width of more than 0.8 m.
17.2. That where the Company receives the Goods from the Customer already stored in or on a Transport Unit, the Transport Unit is in good condition, and is suitable for the carriage to the intended destination of the Goods loaded therein, or thereon, and that where the Company provides the Transport Unit, on loading by the Customer, the Transport Unit is in good condition, and is suitable for the carriage to the intended destination of the Goods loaded therein, or thereon.
18. Without prejudice to any rights under clause 15, where the Customer delivers to the Company, or causes the Company to deal with or handle Goods of a dangerous or damaging nature, or Goods likely to harbor or encourage vermin or other pests, or Goods liable to taint or affect other goods, whether declared to the Company or not, he shall be liable for all loss or damage arising in connection with such Goods, and shall indemnify the Company against all penalties, claims, damages, costs and expenses whatsoever arising in connection therewith, and the Goods may be dealt with in such manner as the Company, or any other person in whose custody they may be at any relevant time, shall think fit.
19. The Customer undertakes that no claim shall be made against any director, servant, or employee of the Company which imposes, or attempts to impose, upon them any liability in connection with any services which are the subject of these conditions, and, if any such claim should nevertheless be made, to indemnify the Company against all consequences thereof.
20. The Customer shall save harmless and keep the Company indemnified from and against:
20.1. All liability, loss, damage, costs and expenses whatsoever (including, without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, all duties, taxes, imposts, levies, deposits and outlays of whatsoever nature levied by any authority in relation to the Goods) arising out of the Company acting in accordance with the Customer`s instructions, or arising from any breach by the Customer of any warranty contained in these conditions, or from the negligence of the Customer any liability assumed, or incurred by the Company when, by reason of carrying out the Customer`s instructions, the Company has become liable to any other party, and all claims, costs and demands whatsoever and by whomsoever made or preferred, in excess of the liability of the Company under the terms of these conditions, regardless of whether such claims, costs, and/or demands arise from, or in connection with, the breach of contract, negligence or breach of duty of the Company, its servants, sub-contractors or agents, and any claims of a general average nature which may be made on the Company.
21. The Customer shall pay to the Company online (via Visa, Mastercard, AMEX and Discover credit/debit card), or as otherwise agreed, all sums when due, immediately and without reduction or deferment on account of any claim, counterclaim or set-off.
When the parcel weight exceeds its weight stated in the order information, ECOPARCEL has the right unilaterally charge the difference from the Eco Balance.
22. Where liability arises in respect of claims of a general average nature in connection with the Goods, the Customer shall promptly provide security to the Company, or to any other party designated by the Company, in a form acceptable to the Company.
LIABILITY AND LIMITATION
23. The Company shall perform its duties with a reasonable degree of care, diligence, skill and judgment.
24. The Company shall be relieved of liability for any loss or damage if, and to the extent that, such loss or damage is caused by:
24.1.Strike, lock-out, stoppage or restraint of labor, the consequences of which the Company is unable to avoid by the exercise of reasonable diligence; or
24.2. Any cause or event which the Company is unable to avoid, and the consequences of which the company is unable to prevent by the exercise of reasonable diligence.
25 Except under special arrangements previously made in writing by an officer of the Company so authorized, the Company accepts no responsibility with regard to any failure to adhere to agreed departure or arrival dates of Goods.
26.1. Subject to clause 2 and 11 above and sub-clause 26.4. below, the Company's liability howsoever arising and, notwithstanding that the cause of loss or damage be unexplained, shall not exceed in the case of claims for loss or damage to Goods: the value of any loss or damage, or a sum at the rate of 2 Euro per kilo of the gross weight of any Goods lost or damaged whichever shall be the lower. Subject to below, in the case of all other claims: the value of the subject Goods of the relevant transaction between the Company and its Customer, or where the weight can be defined, a sum calculated at the rate of two Euro per kilo of the gross weight of the subject Goods of the said transaction, or 300 Euro in respect of any one transaction, whichever shall be the least. In the case of an error and/or omission, or a series of errors and/or omissions which are repetitions of or represent the continuation of an original error, and/or omission the loss incurred, or 300 Euro in the aggregate of any one trading year commencing from the time of the making of the original error, and/or omission, whichever shall be the lower.
For the purposes of clause 26.1., the value of the Goods shall be their value when they were, or should have been, shipped.
26.2. Subject to clause 2 above and sub-clause 26.4. below, the Company's liability for loss or damage as a result of failure to deliver, or arrange delivery of goods, in a reasonable time, or (where there is a special arrangement under Clause 25) to adhere to agreed departure or arrival dates, shall not in any circumstances whatever exceed a sum equal to twice the amount of the Company's charges in respect of the relevant contract.
26.3. Save in respect of such loss or damage as is referred to a sub-clause 26.2. and subject to clause 2 above and Sub-Clause 26.4. below the Company shall not in any circumstances whatsoever be liable for indirect or consequential loss such as (but not limited to) loss of profit, loss of market, or the consequences of delay or deviation, however caused.
26.4. On express instructions in writing declaring the commodity and its value, received from the Customer and accepted by the Company, the Company may accept liability in excess of the limits set out in sub-clauses 26.1. to 26.3. above upon the Customer agreeing to pay the Company's additional charges for accepting such increased liability. Details of the Company's additional charges will be provided upon request.
27.1. Any claim by the Customer against the Company arising in respect of any service provided for the Customer, or which the Company has undertaken to provide, shall be made in writing and notified to the Company within 14 days of the date upon which the Customer became, or ought reasonably to have become, aware of any event or occurrence alleged to give rise to such claim, and any claim not made and notified as aforesaid shall be deemed to be waived and absolutely barred, except where the Customer can show that it was impossible for him to comply with this time limit and that he has made the claim as soon as it was reasonably possible for him to do so.
27.2. Notwithstanding the provisions of sub-paragraph (A) above, the Company shall, in any event, be discharged of all liability whatsoever and howsoever arising in respect of any service provided for the Customer, or which the Company has undertaken to provide, unless suit be brought and written notice thereof given to the Company within nine months from the date of the event or occurrence alleged to give rise to a cause of action against the Company.
28.1. This Agreement and any dispute arising out of or in connection with it or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of England.
28.2. You irrevocably agree, for our sole benefit that, subject as provided below, the courts of England shall have exclusive jurisdiction over any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with this Agreement or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual claims). Nothing in this clause shall limit our right to take proceedings against you in any other court of competent jurisdiction, nor shall the taking of proceedings in any one or more jurisdictions prevent us from taking proceedings in any other jurisdictions, whether at the same time or not, to the extent permitted by the law of that other jurisdiction.
CLAIM PROCEDURE
30. Standard insurance may be up to 300 Euros per parcel for free, depends on service bought. To receive full compensation, commercial receipts/documents which prove the value of belongings has to be supplied. If the parcel was damaged, in addition, photos of damaged belongings has to be supplied. If the customer does not have receipts/invoices/documents to prove the value of the parcel, claim procedure will not be started.
Commercial receipts/invoices and documents have to be supplied in 28 days, if not Smartway Europe Limited will not accept any complaints or claims.
In addition, all of the parcels have to be packed properly and fitted in the the cardboard/wooden boxes.
31. The claim can be rejected if the parcel was packed insufficiently. Parcel have to be packed properly based on the strength of goods.
32. Claims can be rejected if parcel was not packed into the box, which would be considered as insufficiently in packing.
33. Claim proccedure can last up to 30 working days to finish, after claim was submitted.
34. During delivery courier will ask consignee to sign for a delivery. If consignee signed for a delivery, order is marked as completed, and no further transportation is possible.
35. In the event our driver finds no one is available at the delivery address, your parcel can be left with a neighbour, taken to the local post office/parcel shop for you to collect or returned to depot, and courier will try to deliver the parcel again next working day. If the parcel was delivered to neighbor or post office/parcel shop, a notification note will be left at the delivery address or consignee will be informed by email or SMS.
35. If parcel has an overweight parcel can be returned or shipper will be asked to pay a surcharge.
36. All disputes/complaints have to be devoted to customers service agent in one week after delivery is done, after one week no complaints/disputes will be accepted as Smartway Europe Limited will consider as there were no complaints.
Please follow to restricted items list.
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