text:
Corinne Sanders
For Giulio Spaziani, life has always been more challenging than that of a typical four-year-old.
The little boy from Pomezia, Italy, was born with an underdeveloped arm that ends just below his elbow. His parents, Samuela and Massimo, weren't prepared for the birth defect, which an ultrasound missed during pregnancy. Still, the family adjusted and learned to accommodate Giulio's needs.
While Giulio has been wearing prosthetic arms since he was just a few months old, they haven't done much to help him be more independent. But a world of possibilities just opened up for him last month thanks to doctors in Palestrina.
On February 22, Giulio and his mom visited an orthopedic clinic, where Samuela recorded a beautiful first for her son.
"What did we come here to do?" she asks Giulio in Italian.
"To get the Energy," he says. That's the nickname he and his family use for his prostheses. Samuela asks him to clarify which. He says "the new one."
"And what does the new one do?" Samuela asks, to which Giulio replies by using his one hand to mimic a sock puppet. After that, the video cuts to orthopedic technician Daniele Zenardi fitting Giulio with a brand new bionic arm which he can move through electrical signals.
The little boy looks up at his mom, stunned at his ability to open and close the bionic hand.
He's even more ecstatic when he next picks up an object — something he probably thought he'd never be able to do with that arm. "I want to keep it," he adorably tells Daniele.
Samuela is just as amazed, later explaining, "For many this could look like a simple mechanical movement, but for someone who doesn't have a hand, this is a miracle."
What a life-changing gift! Guilio must be so excited thinking about all the things he can now do. Watch as the little cutie tests out his new arm in the video below, and don't forget to share.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


On Sunday the 5th of August 2018, Chelsea and Damon got married at the gorgeous Mythe Barn in Atherstone near Warwickshire! This is their Wedding Preview!
Damon and Chelsea met at the University of Hull back in 2009, during Freshers Week. "Damon was in his final year and I was just starting my first year. After chatting it turned out we were both from Doncaster and lived in neighbouring villages!". The rest is history as they say!
Chelsea and Damon's wedding day at Mythe Barn was similarly full of fun and laughter.
Chelsea spent the morning getting ready upstairs in the bridal prep room with her sister Nike and her Mum, while Damon was with his family out in the little stable rooms, helping his Best Man Will figure out how to tie his tie!
Everything was set up perfectly throughout the venue, ready for the celebrations across the day. Guests were soon arriving and enjoying catching up with each other before being asked to take their seats for the ceremony.
Chelsea walked into the ceremony hall to meet Damon with a great big smile on her face, and their service was delivered wonderfully. My particular highlight was the very professional reading written and read by Damon's 13 year old little brother Jon!
Then everyone filed out in to the sunshine to create a confetti tunnel for the newlyweds whilst they enjoyed a quick couple of minutes to themselves. Then they walked out and through with lots of fun and laughter!
The rest of their day was spend relaxing with drinks and canapés, while I got on with the group photographs, detail photographs, and lots of candids of everyone enjoying themselves. The seriously delicious wedding breakfast began with a welcome speech by sister Nike, and then finished off with speeches by Dad Barry, Damon, and Best Man Will. Damon's Dad Naff announced the winning table of the hilarious quiz!
The band set up for the evening while Chelsea and Damon took a walk with me for their couple portraits in the setting sun. Then Chelsea tossed her bouquet to her waiting gang of unmarried girls! It was a mad scramble to win the bouquet with the winner hailed as their Niece, 4 year old Mia!
Soon it was time to cut their beautiful cake and get the party properly started with a First Dance as Mr and Mrs Khan! Congratulations Chelsea and Damon on your wedding at Mythe Barn!! It was a fantastic day, and I know you had an awesome party into the night too! I wish you both a lifetime of happiness! Say Hi to Ronnie again for me!!
Are you getting married in Mythe Barn in Atherstone and looking for a fun and relaxed wedding photographer? Relaxed wedding photography in Derbyshire and beyond is what I'm all about, and I would love to have a chat with you both! Please do get in touch, or check out my Weddings pages here!


LIVALTO – a handcrafted creative agency specializing in web design makeovers and modernizing current brands. Some call what we do unique advertising or rebranding, others call it user-experience. We call it LIVALTO.
OUR PASSION STEMS FROM HELPING PEOPLE PROFIT FROM DOING WHAT THEY LOVE.
We're serious about seeing your passion + business succeed, seriously we live for it! We're definitely a boutique creative agency, and you can count on us to get super up close and personal with your project! We will capture the true mission of your brand in a trendy, handcrafted way.
I am so humbled to see how much LIVALTO has grown and evolved and to see real business problems solved with creativity.


In the smoky wake of Notre Dame's calamitous fire, I re-post this love letter to La Ville des Lumieres — the City of Light, Love and Art.
With love to the city of my dreams.
This entry was posted in Art and Culture, Food and Wine, French Travel, International, Paris, Travel and tagged d'Orsay, epicurean travel, food and wine, France, hospitality, Left Bank, Margolis-Pineo, McCartney, Paris, Pernod, Pompidou, Prixe Fixe, Rive Gauche, Warhol, winter getaways. Bookmark the permalink.
How could you forget PISSOIR?


text:
Mystery of Law and Justice
A Legal Magazine
Death sentence to remorseless terrorist
Sandeep Bhalla Criminal Law November 2, 2019 October 29, 2019
A self professed terrorist:
We are unable to accept the submission that the appellant was a mere tool in the hands of the Lashkar-e-Toiba. He joined the Lashkar-e-Toiba around December 2007 and continued as its member till the end, despite a number of opportunities to leave it. This shows his clear and unmistakable intention to be a part of the organization and participate in its designs. Even after his arrest he regarded himself as a "watan parast", a patriotic Pakistani at war with this country. Where is the question of his being brain-washed or acting under remote control? We completely disagree that the appellant was acting like an automaton. During the past months while we lived through this case we have been able to make a fair assessment of the appellant's personality. It is true that he is not educated but he is a very good and quick learner, has a tough mind and strong determination. He is also quite clever and shrewd.[104] Unfortunately, he is wholly remorseless and any feeling of pity is unknown to him. He kills without the slightest twinge of conscience. Leaving aside all the massacre, we may here refer only to the casualness with which the appellant and his associate Abu Ismail shot down Gupta Bhelwala and the shanty dwellers Thakur Waghela and Bhagan Shinde at Badruddin Tayabji Marg; the attempt to break into the wards of Cama Hospital to kill the women and children who were crying and wailing inside; and the nonchalance with which he and Abu Ismail gunned down the police officer Durgude on coming out of Cama Hospital.
The saddest and the most disturbing part of the case is that the appellant never showed any remorse for the terrible things he did. As seen earlier, in the initial weeks after his arrest he continued to regard himself as a "watan parast", a patriotic Pakistani who considered himself to be at war with this country, who had no use for an Indian lawyer but needed a Pakistani lawyer to defend him in the court. He made the confessional statement before the magistrate on February 17, 2009, not out of any sense of guilt or sorrow or grief but to present himself as a hero. He told the magistrate that he had absolutely no regret for whatever he had done and he wanted to make the confession to set an example for others to become Fidayeen like him and follow him in his deeds.
Even in the course of the trial he was never repentant and did not show any sign of contrition. The judge trying him had occasion to watch him closely and has repeatedly observed about the lack of any remorse on the part of the appellant. The High Court, too, has noticed that the appellant never showed any remorse for the large-scale murder committed by him. This, to our mind, forecloses the possibility of any reform or rehabilitation of the appellant. The alternative option of life sentence is thus unquestionably excluded in the case of the appellant and death remains the only punishment that can be given to him.
Rarest of rare case for death sentence:
This case has the element of conspiracy as no other case. The appellant was part of a conspiracy hatched across the border to wage war against the Government of India and lethal arms and explosives were collected with the intention of waging war against the Government of India. The conspiracy was to launch a murderous attack on Mumbai regarding it as the financial centre of the country; to kill as many Indians and foreign nationals as possible; to take Indians and foreign nationals as hostages for using them as bargaining chips in regard to the terrorists' demands; and to try to incite communal strife and insurgency; all with the intent to weaken the country from within.
The case presents the element of previous planning and preparation as no other case. For execution of the conspiracy, the appellant and the nine (9) other dead accused, his accomplices, were given rigorous and extensive training as combatants. The planning for the attack was meticulous and greatly detailed. The route from Karachi to Mumbai, the landing site at Mumbai, the different targets at Mumbai were all predetermined. The nature of the attack by the different teams of terrorists was planned and everyone was given clear instructions as to what they were supposed to do at their respective targets. All the terrorists, including the appellant, actually acted according to the previous planning. A channel of communication between the attacking terrorists and their handlers and collaborators from across the border, based on advanced computer technology and procured through deception, was already arranged and put in place before the attack was launched.
This case has the element of waging war against the Government of India and the magnitude of the war is of a degree as in no other case. And the appellant is convicted on the charge, among others, of waging war against the Government of India.
This case has shocked the collective conscience of the Indian people as few other cases have.
The number of persons killed and injured is not only staggeringly high but also as in no other or in extremely few cases. The terrorists killed one hundred and sixty-six (166) people and injured, often grievously, two hundred and thirty-eight (238) people. The dead included eighteen (18) policemen and other security personnel and twenty-six (26) foreign nationals. The injured included thirty-seven (37) policemen and other security personnel and twenty-one (21) foreign nationals. Of those dead, at least seven (7) were killed by the appellant personally, about seventy-two (72) were killed by him in furtherance of the common intention he shared with one Abu Ismail (deceased accused no. 1), and the rest were victims of the conspiracy to which he was a party along with the nine (9) dead accused and thirty-five (35) other accused who remain to be apprehended and brought to court.
The number of policemen and members of security forces killed and injured in course of their duty by the appellant and his accomplice Abu Ismail and the eight (8) other co-conspirators would hardly find a match in any other cases. Tukaram Ombale was killed by the appellant personally at Vinoli Chowpaty. Durgude, Hemant Karkare, Ashok Kamte, Vijay Salaskar and the other policemen in the Qualis van were killed jointly by the appellant and Abu Ismail. The policemen at Cama Hospital were injured, several of them grievously, jointly by the appellant and Abu Ismail. The rest of the policemen and law enforcement officers, including the NSG Commando Major Sandeep Unnikrihsnan, were killed as part of the larger conspiracy to which the appellant was a party.
The loss of property caused by the attack is colossal, over Rupees one hundred and fifty crores (Rs. 150Cr.), again of a scale as in no other case.
The offences committed by the appellant show a degree of cruelty, brutality and depravity as in very few other cases.
The appellant, as also the other nine (9) terrorists, his co- conspirators, used highly lethal weapons such as AK-47 rifles, 9 mm pistols, and grenades and RDX bombs.
As to the personality of the victims, all the persons killed/injured at CST, Badruddin Tayabji Marg and Cama Hospital were harmless, defenceless people. What is more, they did not even know the appellant and the appellant too had no personal animus against them. He killed/injured them simply because they happened to be Indians.
It is already seen above that the appellant never showed any repentance or remorse, which is the first sign of any possibility of reform and rehabilitation.
In short, this is a case of terrorist attack from across the border. It has a magnitude of unprecedented enormity on all scales. The conspiracy behind the attack was as deep and large as it was vicious. The preparation and training for the execution was as thorough as the execution was ruthless. In terms of loss of life and property, and more importantly in its traumatizing effect, this case stands alone, or it is at least the very rarest of rare to come before this Court since the birth of the Republic. Therefore, it should also attract the rarest of rare punishment.
Against all this, the only mitigating factor is the appellant's young age, but that is completely offset by the absence of any remorse on his part, and the resultant finding that in his case there is no possibility of any reformation or rehabilitation.
In this country death as a penalty has been held to be Constitutionally valid, though it is indeed to be awarded in the "rarest of rare cases when the alternative option (of life sentence) is unquestionably foreclosed". Now, as long as the death penalty remains on the statute book as punishment for certain offences, including "waging war" and murder, it logically follows that there must be some cases, howsoever rare or one in a million, that would call for inflicting that penalty. That being the position we fail to see what case would attract the death penalty, if not the case of the appellant. To hold back the death penalty in this case would amount to obdurately declaring that this Court rejects death as lawful penalty even though it is on the statute book and held valid by Constitutional benches of this Court.
We are thus left with no option but to hold that in the facts of the case the death penalty is the only sentence that can be given to the appellant.
[Source: Mohammed Ajmal Mohammad Amir Kasab v. State of Maharashtra ]
Mumbai terror attack
Rarest of the rare case
Published November 2, 2019 October 29, 2019
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All media enquiries should be directed to the WOW air communications team via pr@wow.is.
If you need any WOW air pictures, please have a look at our Pinterest page, which is full of photos in internet-quality resolution.
Here are a few pictures of Skúli Mogensen, founder and CEO of WOW air, which can be used in the media. They will open in a new window.


text:
import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import org.junit.Test;

public class DataBaseLayerIT {

	private Connection connection = null;
	private Statement statement = null;
	private ResultSet resultSet = null;

	@Test
	public void testConnection() throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException{

			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
			// Setup the connection with the DB
			connection = DriverManager
					.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/addressbook?user=root"); // ?user=...&password=...
			assertNotNull(connection);
			// Statements allow to issue SQL queries to the database
			statement = connection.createStatement();

			// Result set get the result of the SQL query
			resultSet = statement.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM address");
			assertTrue(resultSet.first());

	}

	@Test (expected = SQLException.class)
	public void testInsertInvalidIdNeg() throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
			connection = DriverManager
					.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/addressbook?user=root");
			assertNotNull(connection);
			statement = connection.createStatement();

			String insertSql = "INSERT INTO `address` (`id`,`name`,`phone`,`street`,`city`) VALUES (\"rrr\",\"Kurt Kleeblatt\",\"00491321654\",\"Am Planweg\",\"Brankldorf\")";
			resultSet = statement.executeQuery(insertSql);

	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Cointreau are a big brand, owned by Remy Cointreau (a huge alcohol company – many fingers in many pies), and they have been putting on a weekly event recently: The Cointreau Fizz Garden (5th Floor Magdalen house, London Bridge).
Tickets for this event were given away for free on a first come first served basis through Cointreau's UK Facebook page. I got tickets for me a 4 of my friends for the 25th June event.
However as the night went on, it became apparent that only 3 cocktails were offered to us. Although it was still a great selection, this was not made apparent until we got to the bar and saw the amended menu's there. This was a shame as some of the cocktails not on offer looked amazing (I'm especially thinking of the Passion & Pepper one).
The biggest problem, however, was the amount of people allowed to attend. Whilst I'm all for letting as many people as possible experience a bespoke event like this, there needs to be some sort of line drawn so that the people at the event can enjoy it fully. After going to such lengths to ensure an amazing venue, with a great view and then managing to create a garden-like atmosphere there, it seemed a shame to let it be ruined (in part) by the attendance of so many people. At one point me and my friend were waiting, at the front of the bar, for around 35 minutes before being served and even then the sheer volume of drinks orders meant we were kept waiting as the bartender made 8-10 drinks at a time.
All that aside the event itself was, overall, fantastic. The sun set behind the shard and the light was refracted and reflected all around us, combine that with great company and a very cool acoustic set from a talented musical duo, and then throw in the sometimes strange and weird tasting canapé's the Cointreau ladies were serving, well, you just cannot fault it too much.
It wasn't perfect by any stretch of the imagination, but it was worth going all that way to experience and if I'm completely honest, I'd go to another one! Especially if they addressed the minor issues.
The idea of keeping the cocktails in the 'Fizz' genre was fantastic, and the selection of flavours was plenty varied for the beginning of the event, in the least.
I tried the Strawberry & Mint and the Original Fizz cocktails, both of which were fantastically balanced. The use of fresh ingredients was evident and really gave the drinks a little 'je ne sais quoi' not to mention a little kick.
The first impressions were stunning. To see the transformation from a London rooftop to a Parisian garden was simply superb. Colours were well thought out and the table arrangement was well planned. The only improvement would be to the ceiling, although half was open and showing off the view of the Shard (again this was a stunning view), the other half was covered by dirtied plastic sheeting and really did ruin some of the illusion.
At the beginning of the night the service was excellent and it was easy to go and get a drink. However as more people started to turn up it became clear that the bar was far too small and they had not planned for so many people/orders coming in. The Staff seemed quite overwhelmed and always behind (not their fault, there was only 3 guys behind the bar). The food service (canapés) was slightly better however, with the two ladies making their way around the crowds gracefully and making sure everyone got the choice to try a selection of savoury and sweet dishes.
Overall this event was fantastic. Whilst there were some flaws on show, the event came across as well thought out for the most point. The service really lacked but mainly to the high influx of attendees in the latter part of the evening. Receiving the 'goody-bag' on the way certainly went some way to making up for it. I definitely recommend you all try to get tickets to any future events they hold if possible.
Disclaimer: all pictures used on this post are either my own, or from the Cointreau Fizz Garden album.


Current crime laboratory methods discard most DNA identification information. While lab data are fine, data interpretation is not. Statistical information that can help acquit is not reported, while positive tests are underreported. An "inconclusive" DNA outcome often means more can be done. Justice Through Science provides free computer screening for accurate and objective DNA results.
© 2019 Justice Through Science. All rights reserved.


text:
Greenspace
Group says proposed nature center will destroy Whittier Narrows habitat
Opponents of a proposed $30-million interpretive center at the Whittier Narrows wildlife sanctuary are ramping up their effort to block the project they fear would destroy a rare expanse of critical habitat in eastern Los Angeles County in order to enhance understanding of the San Gabriel River watershed.
The group Friends of the Whittier Narrows Natural Area issued a five-page 'media backgrounder' just weeks away from release of a draft environmental impact report on the proposal to build an 18,230-square-foot 'discovery center' equipped with with interactive exhibits including a 7,000-square-foot model of the San Gabriel River featuring flowing water.
The proposed San Gabriel River Discovery Center would also offer an artificial wetlands in the heart of a region that was recently designated an 'important bird area' by California Audubon.
The center 'would destroy critical habitat, rob our diverse communities of open space, and shift focus away from firsthand experiences of nature,' the backgrounder says. 'And it would do so using public dollars to take public lands for a project the goals of which could be better served through less destructive and costly means.'
The group also argues that the center 'flies in the face of recent Southern California museum-building history.' It points out, for example, that the Metropolitan Water District in 2007 canceled a lease on its $26-million Center for Water Education in Hemet, and paid nearly $5 million more to cover debt on the project.
Then there is the proposed nature-oriented Children's Museum of Los Angeles at Hansen Dam Recreation Area in the San Fernando Valley, which, the group says, 'sits locked behind a chain-link fence, never having opened.'
Supporters of the center, however, are looking forward to presenting their case during public hearings on the environmental report. 'This type of facility in this type of setting is very important,' said Valerie Shatynski, a project analyst with the San Gabriel River Discovery Center Authority. 'The exhibit areas will be designed to help people understand the different parts of the watershed and how they contribute to daily life and the natural world and how conservation fits into that.'
In the meantime, visitors to the 70-year-old sanctuary are served by an interpretive center housed in a cramped wood-frame house filled with terrariums and stuffed animals, and surrounded by more than 400 acres of urban forest and brushlands.
For more information, contact Friends of the Whittier Narrows Natural Area at (323) 227-1822, or e-mail: info@naturalareafriends.net.
The Rivers and Mountains Conservancy, which backs the proposed center, can be contacted at (626) 815-1019, or e-mail: http://watershedconservationauthority.org/
-- Louis Sahagun


text:
ViewPoint: Why We Must Transform Careers Advice to Fit the #FutureofWork
The following article by Chris Jeffries, CEO at Dev Clever was published in FE News.
The argument that students must be helped to enter the correct career from the outset extends beyond personal success; 12 million people could be caught in a skills gap by 2024.
This would come as a result of millions of low-skilled workers entering a job market with numerous high-skilled jobs available and a lack of people qualified to fill them.
This skills crisis could result in £90bn of economic growth being lost, making it vital that we ensure students are entering the best possible careers in the first instance, and are aware of what skills will be required.
For this, we need improved careers advice in schools.
For the vast majority, careers advice at present remains woefully inadequate. Most advice still provides little to no structure or guidance, but instead relies on students making decisions based on their own limited encounters of adult professions.
This is frequently supplemented by basic advice from a 'career councillor', limited careers tests, and snippets of advice from parental figures and/or teachers- none of which takes into account elements of a student's personality or skillsets.
In addition, careers advice at home is beset with further obstacles; over a third of parents are scared of providing the wrong advice to their child, with half worrying that their understanding of the current career environment may hinder their child's future.
Moreover, relying on family figures to deliver careers guidance means socio-economic background continues to play a major role in impacting children's careers; a recent report from the OECD international economics thinktank found that by the age of seven children are already facing limits on their future work aspirations.
Most of 2030's Jobs Haven't Been Invented Yet
Compounding the fraught issue of careers guidance, the rapid advancement of technology and the speed of change facilitated by this means that up to 85 percent of the jobs that today's college students will have in 11 years haven't yet been invented. This means that the skillsets required for different careers are changing rapidly, as is the job market itself.
While the Government plans to place more available resources into primary and secondary schools, giving them the means to reach the mandated criteria of achieving the GATSBY benchmarks by the end of 2020, more change is still required to improve careers advice in schools.
Today's students have been raised surrounded by digital experiences in every area of life, from entertainment platforms like Netflix to social media such as Instagram, and music platforms like Spotify. Students consequently expect better uses of tech in all aspects of their education – so why should careers advice be exempt from this?
Gamification boosts engagement
Gamification is everywhere too; from learning a language to brushing your teeth, gamification has been seen to help engage users more effectively. In 2018, for example, 85% of people said they'd spend more time on an app or software because of gamification elements.
Consequently, schools must take advantage of new technologies to bring gamification elements into careers advice and utilise tech to create immersive careers guidance experiences for their students. It is more important than ever that parents and schools are provided with the tools and technology to better guide and encourage children to make good decisions on next steps towards their futures.
Fully immersive virtual reality careers guidance experiences
Some success is already being seen, with a number of schools across the country now using VICTARand Launchpad, a fully immersive virtual reality experience that guides students of all ages through the decision-making process.
FE News@FENews
Personality-driven careers guidance and #VR to ensure students have greater access to innovative careers guidance: Dev Clever and Lenovo partner to bring personality-driven careers guidance and VR to schools Dev Clever, a leading developer of careers… http://dlvr.it/RDxyxq
315:08 – 26 Sep 2019Twitter Ads information and privacySee FE News's other Tweets
Based on the Myers-Briggs indicators, it goes through different questions to understand the student's personality traits and then matches those traits to an appropriate career choice. From there, pupils can access Launchpad, an online platform supported by credible resources to learn more about the career matched to them.
The platform helps them to understand salary bands, career progression and what course to take to get them into their chosen career— whether that's an apprenticeship or a particular course at university.
Such an immersive experience also serves to remove pressures from the environment around the student, such as fearing being incorrect in front of peers or the teacher. It permits students to be more honest about their personality and interests, thereby assisting the student in making a more accurate decision about their preferred career path.
Technology is transforming industries at speed, revolutionising the way we live our day-to-day lives. Education is no exception, with innovation being seen through the development of recorded lessons, the introduction of laptops and tablets to schools, and the use of interactive whiteboards – but it's time that careers advice itself embraced such innovation.
If the younger generation are to prepare themselves for the jobs of tomorrow, we must give them the tools to reach their goals.
Canada's House of Commons Offers Defeated MPs up to $15K for Career Help
As a UK General Election date has been announced no doubt some MP's will lose their seat – and as a result will be looking for a new career. The following explains what support is available to their Canadian colleagues.
When Liberal Mark Holland lost his seat in 2011, he couldn't get out of bed for days.
"It was absolutely devastating for me … Because it was my hometown, it felt personal. It felt like a personal rejection," said the Ajax MP, who went on to be re-elected in 2015 and again on Monday.
"It's like being in a car going 100 kilometres an hour and hitting a brick wall and everything stops."
He credits the House of Commons's transition program with helping him move on from his defeat. The program offers counselling and up to $15,000 to help defeated MPs transition from the House of Commons back to the civilian world.
It's a program the nearly 50 incumbents who lost on Monday can access as they take stock of their defeats.
The taxpayer-funded package can be used to cover the cost of career transition services, job training or post-secondary education and some travel expenses, according to the members' allowances and services manual.
Holland was first elected at the municipal level at age 23. He said he leaned on the transition program to dust off his resumé and get some retraining before eventually landing a job at the Heart and Stroke Foundation.
"Having a service that helps folks make the transition back to a normal life — helps them get their resumé in shape, makes sure that their mental health is in a strong position and that they have the support they need to get reintegrated — is incredibly important," he said.
For former MPs seeking career advice, the House of Commons offers the services of a third-party firm that provides one-on-one career coaching. MPs can use another career counselling firm as long as it's cleared in advance.
In order to qualify for the transition fund, career transition programs have be started within 12 months of the general election. The fund also requires that ex-MPs submit certificates for career transition programs.
Liberal MP Mark Holland rises in the House of Commons in Ottawa on Friday, June 3, 2016. Holland says he was devastated when he lost in 2011. (Adrian Wyld/The Canadian Press)
Defeated incumbents can also use the program's cash to go back to school in Canada.
The MP handbook stipulates that, in order to qualify for transition program funding, ex-MPs must prove the training or education they're seeking is in a field related to the work they intend to pursue. The institution also must be required by contract to provide on-the-job instruction, tutoring, training or supervision.
The manual lists teaching, law, accounting, engineering and the trades as examples of skills that could be subsidized.
As with the career transition programs, training programs have to start within 12 months of the end of the general election to qualify for funding, and proof of completion is required.
The money also can be used for travel. Members who are not re-elected are entitled to up to four economy-class round trips within Canada if they can prove they're travelling to and from job interviews, education sessions or career transition sessions, or if they need to travel to Ottawa to sell their homes.
Transition program funds can also be used to pay for sundry services such as long-distance phone calls within Canada, stationery and office supplies, but the program requires receipts.
MPs often leave private-sector gigs
Holland says sceptics who baulk at the program's price tag need to understand the sacrifice most MPs make by leaving promising careers to run for office.
"I think that nobody understands the pressures of somebody who steps forward and offers themselves to public service," he said.
"Regardless of the partisan stripe, I have enormous regard for people who put themselves in that position and I think that it makes only good sense to make sure that they transition back to public life."
MPs who do not seek re-election are also entitled to up to $15,000 in transition support to help re-establish themselves after leaving politics.
The money comes out of the House of Commons administration central budget.
Careers Advice Toolkit
WorldSkills UK and Youth Employment UK have published a new digital Careers Advice Toolkit. The comprehensive guide supports young people with employability and careers information they need for their futures.
There are 19 lesson plans in total, covering Key Stage 3 and 4 all mapped against the Careers Development Institute and Gatsby Benchmark Frameworks.
Learners will be coached through their career journey, helped to identify their own motivators and skills, understand their career options and also the developmental tools and pathways available to them.
The lessons can be delivered as bitesize pieces of content or as a whole career curriculum with video's, quizzes and engaging activities to support the learner along their career journey.
It's completely free to use. To access the Careers Advice Toolkit you need to complete a form giving your details – it can be accessed using the link below.
ViewPoint: Want More School Leavers to Choose Apprenticeships after GCSEs? We Need to See a Genuine Shift in Careers Advice
The following is by Emma Finamore, Editor, AllAboutSchoolLeavers.co.uk
During GCSE results day 2019, some figures in business made it clear they want to see more 16-year-olds making the move to apprenticeships rather than A-levels.
"We need to see more young people choosing vocational pathways," said Andrea Bull, head next generation marketing at Make UK, in a statement hoping to encourage those awaiting GCSE results to consider apprenticeship programmes.
Mike Cherry, national chairman of The Federation of Small Businesses, also highlighted how remaining on the purely academic route isn't right for all GCSE students, saying:
"Each year pupils will make critical decisions about how they intend to further their education, which for some will mean going onto study A-levels. But while that may suit some pupils entering Sixth Form, it doesn't help others who may thrive far better elsewhere."
There was also plenty of talk of the increasing exam pressure young people face, further making the case that for many, moving to a different form of education and training would be beneficial rather than staying on the 'classrooms and exams' track of A-levels.
The National Education Union, for example, polled more than 600 members who taught GCSE subjects in England. More than seven out of 10 said their students' mental health had worsened since new exams were introduced.
The Girlguiding charity reveal the results of its 2019 Girls' Attitudes Survey on the eve of GCSE results day. It showed that the majority of girls worry poor exam grades will ruin their future opportunities in life. More than half of girls (52%) say exam pressures affect how happy they are, yet four in five say they don't get the support they need to manage exam-related stress.
Meanwhile, Childline revealed there were 1,141 counselling sessions delivered to children and teenagers in 2018 to 2019, an increasing by more than 50% since 2014 to 2015 – a fifth of these therapy sessions took place in August, when students receive GCSE and A-level results.
Megan, 17, a spokesperson for Girlguiding, said:
"I know this feeling all too well; I sat my GCSEs last year and I spiralled under the stress. I would often cry myself to sleep, choosing between showering or taking another practice test for physics."
Despite the difficulty many young people experience under an exam-based system like GCSEs, and the need for more 16-year-olds to take up apprenticeships, the majority of those going on to take Level 3 qualifications (about three in five) are doing so via A-levels rather than moving on to a different form of training and education.
To see a genuine shift in careers advice, everyone needs to be on board
In the whole of the Guardian's live report of GCSE results day, for example, there was just one mention of a 16-year-old school leaver going on to an apprenticeship.
This anecdotal reporting plays out in the statistics too. While 82% more people aged 25 and above are now doing higher-level apprenticeships at Level 4 and above, apprenticeship starts for 16- to-18-year-olds continue to fall, and Level 2 starts (one of the key levels for those leaving school after GCSEs) have dropped by more than 50% since the apprenticeship reforms were introduced in May 2017.
It seems doubtful – given the stress and angst the system clearly causes for many – that 16-year-olds are so excited about another two years of classroom learning and exams they won't consider any other option.
What seems more likely is that the people who matter – parents, schools and employers – aren't promoting apprenticeships as a post-GCSE option as best they could.
This could start earlier in the classroom: Talking about GCSE results as a potential bridge to Level 2 and 3 apprenticeships as well as A-levels and jobs from the word go, rather than later in the process; explaining how a Level 2 apprenticeship could now lead to Levels 3, 4 and above, all with a salary; the job prospects and employability of apprentices (with their hands-on work experience) compared to young people who only have exam results under their belts.
Teachers could be promoting the advantages of Level 2 and 3 apprenticeships to parents too, again early on in their children's education, and presented as an equal to the option of A-levels. But they can only do this if they're sufficiently knowledgeable about these advantages, and about the range of Level 2 and 3 apprenticeships on offer.
Employers could help them – and help themselves secure the interest of students considering leaving school after GCSEs – do this by engaging with schools earlier.
The School Leaver Conference is just one way that employers and education professionals can come together to improve their knowledge and awareness of the early careers landscape, and foster new relationships and existing partnerships. If we want more young people to see the value of options other than A-levels, we must try harder.
Three Questions to Ask Your Clients When They Feel Overwhelmed by Career Choices
"Do what you love" is career advice that's easy to give, but notoriously hard to follow.
For one thing, we can't always accurately predict what kind of job we'll love until we're actually doing it. For another, we may love doing a lot of things: solving math problems, helping others, interior decorating, eating pie, playing with dogs. That doesn't exactly help narrow down the field.
"Asking clients what do you want is in many ways the wrong question," Sheena Iyengar, a Columbia Business School professor and author of The Art of Choosing, said at the Indeed Interactive conference in Austin, Texas, this May. "You get a bazillion options."
There are far better queries that can be made when trying to choose a career path, according to Iyengar's research. Here are three questions to ponder in order to help clients select the profession that's right for them, whether they're preparing to enter the workforce for the first time or mulling a career change.
The Classic Career Advice You Shouldn't Forget, According to Oprah
Oprah threw out some serious wisdom to the 2018 class at the USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism's recent commencement ceremony
She started off her address to the world's future writers, journalists, reporters, and speakers with the bad news: A lot's going on in the world, and it's not all great. The good news, she joked: "Many of your parents are probably taking you somewhere special for dinner tonight."
Of course, the real good news she had for everyone in the audience was that "there really is a solution" to all our problems, and the solution is "each and every one of you." (What else would you expect from the woman who, off-handedly, mentioned she's been speaking to audiences for 25 years, ran the highest-rated daytime talk show, and has never missed a day of work in her life out of 4,561 episodes.)
But the meat of her speech—the part that had me thinking about my own career—was about old lessons becoming new again. Read more
Five Ways to Boost Social Mobility Through Skills
A new report from the 5% Club calls for a bigger role for work experience in schools and colleges. By George Ryan
Improving the quality of work experience and careers advice in schools and colleges is critical to enabling social mobility, a new report states.
The 5% Club is a membership organisation of employers committed to increasing the number of "earn and learn" skills training opportunities, including apprenticeships. In its new Playing to our strengths: Unlocking social mobility for economic good report, the organisation sets out a number of measures it believes would increase social mobility in the UK through changes to the skills system. Here is a summary of their recommendations:
1. Links between schools, colleges and employers need strengthening
Employers should develop strong links with schools and colleges in deprived areas and increase the access young people in those areas have to workplaces, mentors and work experience.
11 Words of Careers Advice from Richard Branson's Mum
The following article is by Melanie Curtin, writer and activist whose work has been featured in the Huffington Post, the New York Observer and on the Today Show in Australia. She holds a master's in communication from Stanford University.
Richard Branson is a force of nature.
In addition to being an actual knight, he is the founder of the Virgin Group, which now controls more than 400 companies. His net worth is $5 billion, which puts him seventh on a list of the wealthiest British billionaires. Plus, he's known for being a compassionate boss and an icon of entrepreneurship.
He wasn't always that successful, though.
As a boy, he struggled with dyslexia. In a blog on the subject, he wrote a letter to his younger self, saying:
"I know you're struggling at school and I wanted to give you some advice on how to become the best you can be, even when it's difficult and you feel like the world is against you. You should never see being different as a flaw or think that something is wrong with you. Being different is your biggest asset and will help you succeed."
Embrace his difference he did. As a teenager, he named his company "Virgin" because he lacked real experience in business.He's not a virgin anymore.But no one is an island (even if they own a private one). The fact is, the mentors and influences we have growing up have a profound influence on who we become. And Richard Branson had a major advantage in that department: his mother, Eve.Eve Branson was just as much of a force of nature as little Ricky.
For example, once, on the way home from a shopping trip, Branson's mother left him alone in the countryside. She gave him basic instructions on how to find his own way home, then left.He was 5 years old. In his words:
"[It was] about three miles through the countryside [to get home]…. She was punishing me for causing mischief in the back seat, but she was also teaching me a larger lesson about overcoming my disabling shyness and learning to ask others for directions."
Careers Advice for Parents
Careers advice for parents is a website developed by Carolyn Parry, the CDI's Careers Adviser/Coach of the Year in 2017 and Project Associate (Wales).
There is a wealth of useful free material addressed to parents (use the Topics and Blog menus) as well as the course for teenagers, which requires a paid subscription.
ViewPoint: Ensuring Young People Have the 'Best Possible' Careers Advice by Anne Milton
As the Department for Education announces plans to take action against schools that aren't complying with the 'Baker clause', Anne Milton urges providers to contact her directly with their experiences, and outlines what else the government is doing to ensure young people have the best possible careers advice.
Last March I wrote in FE Week about how important it is that schools and colleges let students know about all the amazing opportunities in technical education and apprenticeships there are after GCSEs.
It's not just about higher education, and I'm determined to continue changing that perception. I don't want one route to a career to be considered better than any other. A levels and full-time academic degrees at our world class universities are right for some people. But for others, T Levels, apprenticeships, or level 4 or 5 qualifications can give them the skills they need to get the jobs they want.
GCSE and A level results days are just round the corner. Young people across the country are making important choices about their future. The significant role parents, colleges and schools play in those choices is clear. They can really have a big influence on the people looking to them for guidance and support. After all, it is their responsibility too.


Large pieces of concrete were dropped onto the steps from the top of the Escarpment and approximately 50 steps must be removed and replaced. Warning signs have been placed at the stairs. Please use extreme caution if using the stairs as an alternate transportation route or for exercise purposes.
The City notes that repair work is scheduled to begin this Thursday, March 25 and that the stairs will be closed to the public during the repairs.
Damn - I walk up the stairs every week to a night class at Mohawk. Wonder if they can start retrofitting the stairs with bike troughs as they go. Probably not by the kind of damage done, but one day those stairs are planned to be fit with a bike trough, would be nice to get a start on it.
Fixed this week! That's cool. Much better than the rail trail ascending the escarpment eastward from downtown which has been "temporarily" closed since last summer's flood.
How long is "temporary" in Hamilton municipal bureaucratise? Is it as temporary as a provincial government public transportation funding delay, for instance, or as long as the realization of a federal government commitment to openness and transparency?
If it was a single lane blockage of a 5-lane road, people would be rioting in the streets.


This area is commonly known as Marielyst, even though it consists of several small towns. It is a large summer cottage area with everything you need for a delightful holiday. Here you will find a variety of restaurants, bars, miniature golf, go-carting, paintball, bowling, play areas and much more.
Marielyst has been voted 'Denmark's best beach' by the readers of a Danish magazine in 2011, 2012 and 2013. The beach is a child-friendly picturesque beach with lovely calm water and several sandbanks and cliffs.


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Q: Passing subdomain info to controller in IRouteConstraint.Match In subdomain route constraint I want to pass subdomain name to controller with the code below. But in controller subdomain entry is missing (only action and controller entries exist). What is wrong here? Or should I sniff subdomain in controller itself (with the help of Request.Headers["HOST"])? What is the best practice?
public class SubdomainRouting : IRouteConstraint
{
    public bool Match(HttpContextBase httpContext, Route route, string parameterName, RouteValueDictionary values, RouteDirection routeDirection)
    {
        //
        //get subdomain here
        //

        if (values.ContainsKey("subdomain") == false)
        {
            values.Add("subdomain", subdomain);
        }
        return true;
    }
}

A: I think you are interpreting the values argument the wrong way. According the MSDN, it is An object that contains the parameters for the URL. So I'm not sure if its even the same RouteDataDictionary you get in the controller.
The easiest way to get the subdomain would be from the Request.Url.Host you get in the controller.

A: Well I changed my routing constraint implementation. Instead of implementing IRouteConstraint, I implemented RouteBase. This way I was able to add route values:
public class SubdomainRoute : RouteBase
{
    public override RouteData GetRouteData(HttpContextBase httpContext)
    {
        RouteData returnValue = null;

        //some code here

        returnValue = new RouteData(this, new MvcRouteHandler());
        returnValue.Values.Add("controller", "SomeController");
        returnValue.Values.Add("action", "SomeAction");
        returnValue.Values.Add("key", some_value_to_pass_to_controller);

        //some code here

        return returnValue;
    }

    public override VirtualPathData GetVirtualPath(RequestContext requestContext, RouteValueDictionary values)
    {
        return null;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Good Old Days
Did you have electricity? How did you keep warm?
My grandmother was born in rural North Carolina in 1945. She lived in a house where there was no electricity and they used kerosene lamps for lighting. The house had several fireplaces that burned wood logs and pieces of coal to provide heat in the winter. In the early 1950's, electric lines became available to families living in the rural areas. My grandmother's family was able to purchase electricity. Light then was provided by an electric light that hung in the middle of the ceiling in each room.
What kind of clothes did you wear?
Most clothing was made from cotton, wool, linen, and flannel. Clothing was hard to take care of because there were no specific detergents to clean them. These materials did not always keep their shape due to the cleaning processes used at that time.
How did you clean your clothes?
The family had a wringer type washing machine that had to be filled with water by hand. Once the clothing washed, they passed through the wringer to be rinsed and hung on the line to dry. The clothes could wash as long as necessary.
Were the cooking stoves like the ones today?
Earlier my grandmother remembers having a wood stove that used wood to cook. Later, the family purchased a modern stove that used gas, which was delivered by a company that sold gas in tanks. The tanks were kept outside of the house.
Did you use ice to keep food from ruining?
At first, the family had an icebox to keep food cold and prevent it from spoiling. Ice was delivered everyday for the icebox. Later, an electric refrigerator was bought which made it possible to keep food longer.
How was food kept in the store?
There were no plastic containers. Food was kept in tin cans, glass jars, cardboard containers, burlap and paper bags. Milk came in glass bottles and was purchased from the store.
Did you use Dove soap or any other leading brand of soap?
The family made lye soap that was used for cleaning, washing clothes, and bathing. Later on, brands of soap called Ivory, Lux, and Octagon were introduced. These soaps were great because they were pure and had a nice fragrance.
Did you have hot water for baths?
The family boiled water in pots on the stove for baths. A giant pot was used for heating water on the stove to wash clothes. A kettle of hot water was kept on the stove.
What kind of transportation did you have?
There was a family car, an old Chevrolet. However, the family walked most of the time. The children rode to school on the school bus.
How were you entertained?
The family had a radio that looked like a piece of furniture. It had only two or three stations. It contained a phonograph that played 75 rpm records.
Most families attended church socials and events, school sponsored entertainment, family gatherings, state fairs, and fishing.
Peter Fletcher
Interview with Sales Engineer Gabriel P.
Interview with Chorus Teacher Veronica R.
Interview with Nurse Tracey D.


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Picks from the Past: May–June 1921
How Diamonds Are Polished
Processes to transform a diamond in the rough into the exquisite brilliant of commerce
By H. P. Whitlock
The actual cutting of the facets on the diamond, known as "polishing," calls for the highest expression of the diamond lapidary's art. The stems of the "dop," which bear the diamonds, must be adjusted in the "tongs" with fine nicety. Here again the form of the tools has not changed in a century. The iron "tongs," the wheel and its spindle (shown in the center of this picture), even the metal pegs against which the tongs are kept in place on the wheel, are the same as those used in Amsterdam and Antwerp in 1821.
This gave eight facets grouped about the table and eight below the "girdle," as the line encircling the stone at the point of the setting is called. At a previous stage in its development a small facet called the "culet," directly opposite the table, had been introduced, so that we have for this cutting, which has sometimes been called the single-cut brilliant, a total of eighteen facets. This gave eight facets grouped about the table and eight below the "girdle," as the line encircling the stone at the point of the setting is called. At a previous stage in its development a small facet called the "culet," directly opposite the table, had been introduced, so that we have for this cutting, which has sometimes been called the single-cut brilliant, a total of eighteen facets.
Up to this point in the development of diamond cutting, stones were cut for symmetry of outline alone and no attempt was made to utilize the remarkable optical properties of the diamond, which enable it, when properly proportioned in the cutting, to reflect back to the eye most of the light which falls upon it. Toward the close of the seventeenth century Vincenzio Peruzzi, a Venetian, began to cut diamonds on this principle. With this discovery, no longer the lapidary labored solely to produce a maximum weight and symmetry of outline, but he endeavored to combine with these the very essential factor of the brilliancy of the stone. And with increased skill in the art, more facets were added to beautify the form and enhance the radiance of the gem. Sixteen additional "corner facets" above and sixteen below the girdle rendered it rounder and more symmetrical, and subsequently eight extra facets grouped about the table completed the fifty-eight of the modern brilliant.
It is a singular and somewhat significant fact that the historical evolution of the modern brilliant as here traced is precisely its actual evolution under the hands of the diamond cutter. The facets are added to the stone in just the order in which they were developed through the centuries.


7. What is the level of "dependence" in a conflict negotiation?
• Independent Negotiations – Parties to the negotiation are able to achieve their interests or objectives without assistance from another party. That is, the negotiator focuses on her personal interests or objectives without regard to the interests or objectives of the other parties.
• Dependent Negotiations – In direct contrast to independent negotiation, a party's ability to achieve her interests or objectives depends entirely upon the actions of the other parties. This generally means that dependent party must, to some extent, allow the other party to further an interest or achieve an objective in the negotiation before the dependent party can improve her position. In negotiating practice, the dependent party must accommodate the other party with little requirement from concession from the other side.
• Interdependent Negotiations – Parties have mutual dependence on each other. To achieve their desired outcomes, each negotiator must work to achieve the interests or objectives of the other party or parties. The interests and objectives of the parties may be the same or they may be characterized as "interlocking".
A negotiation is likely to be independent if a party is unable to improve her position or desired outcome by considering the interest or objectives of the other party. That is, the negotiator is driven in the negotiation solely by her own interests and objectives. If a party is completely dependent upon another party, she will negotiate by making concessions allowing the other party to achieve (or improve upon her position with regard to) her interests or objectives. Negotiating interdependently means that both parties will focus on the interests and objectives of the other party. The extent to which one party achieves (or improves her position with regard to) her desired outcome will improve the outcome of the other party. There is a give and take between the parties that allows both parties to achieve a more favorable outcome than they could achieve independently.
• Discussion: Can you give an example of an independent negotiation, dependent negotiation, interdependent negotiation? Can you see how characterizing the negotiation based upon dependence will influence the strategy and tactics employed by each party?


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text:
Why do we get Acne?
Acne is a common skin condition that affects most people at some point in their life. It is most common between the ages of 18-39 but it does affect people in their 40s and 50s.
Acne causes spots and oily skin and can sometimes be hot and/or painful to touch. Everyone is affected differently but most commonly, acne develops on the face, back and chest, though it can also show up on the shoulders, upper arms, groin, buttocks and armpit areas.
There are six main types of spot caused by acne; blackheads, whiteheads, papules, pustules, nodules and cysts.
To put it simply, acne occurs when the sebaceous gland produces an excess of sebum, which is then broken down by the bacterium causing the symptoms already discussed.
Causes from a conventional point of view
Acne is most commonly attributed to hormones. According to the NHS choices website, increased testosterone during puberty causes the sebaceous glands to over-produce sebum.
NHS choices also states that 80% of cases of adult acne occurs in women. As with puberty, these cases are put down to being linked to hormone levels at certain times, such as periods and pregnancy for women.
Many risk factors have been identified as exacerbating acne, such as a high GI or dairy diet, poor hygiene and stress. Acne has also been seen to run in families, but no genetic link has been established.
A Meta-Health overview
Meta-Health explains exactly how and why an illness starts. With the exception of poisoning and accidents, all dis-eases begin with a traumatic life event: a dramatic, emotional shock that is unexpected and leaves us temporarily stunned. Whether the shock is a major trauma, hearing bad news or simply seeing something unpleasant, the body-mind takes over, switching into fight-flight-freeze. At the same time, we experience a reaction in a specific organ. Which organ responds depends on the emotion we experience. Meta Medicine maps emotions to organs, via the brain, based on an understanding of the organ's function, the body's reaction is always meaningful.
Acne from a Meta-Health point of view
The biological and emotional causes of acne originate in the sebaceous glands of the dermis layer of the skin. The epi-dermis (outer-skin) is a semi-permeable membrane which offers little protection, its function is to sense and respond to the outer environment. Protection comes from the deeper, thicker layer of skin, the dermis. Therefore, when we get a change in the dermis, such as a blockage in the sebaceous gland, we know that this reaction is connected with the theme of self-protection. A cell increase as in the case of overproduction of sebum indicates the need for more protection.
The cause of acne in Meta-Health is defined as a defilement-deformed-integrity-trauma conflict. This could have been caused by a dramatic emotional shock where we felt defiled, deformed, dirtied or ugly or by a situation in which our integrity was attacked or breached in some way. Because the function of the dermis is protective, it reacts to the feeling that we need to protect ourselves from this attack on our identity or integrity.
The initial trauma or shock that starts this reaction is often (but not always) associated with bullying or criticism of one's appearance. Acne in most cases starts during puberty and is possibly linked to more than just an increase in hormones. It is during this time between around 13-17 that young people start to assert their identities and the peer group becomes really important, it is a very self-conscious time. Even a passing comment about our appearance, sexuality or attractiveness can have a significant, negative impact.
Acne as a two phase process
The symptoms of acne are part of a natural and meaningful healing cycle. The process begins with a dramatic incident such as being bullied or a trigger such as feeling ugly which puts us into phase 1.
Sympathetic Stress (Phase 1):
During this phase we are worrying about being unattractive or criticised inb some way and feel the need to protect ourselves. This is the phase when the sebum increases and we experience the symptoms of localised pain and small, red, tender spots.
This phase is also characterised by some more general symptoms such as:
§ Obsessive thinking about the incident
§ Reduced appetite
§ Lack of sleep
§ Cold hands and feet
Parasympathetic Regeneration (Phase 2):
This phase begins when we let go of the feeling we had in phase 1 or we remove ourselves from the environment away from the trigger and no longer need to protect ourselves. Bacteria is then able to begin degrading the excess sebum and producing the waste products and fatty acids that appear as spots. The skin then normalises at the end of this process.
§ More relaxed thinking
§ Increased appetite
§ Tiredness
§ Increased temperature
Why does acne become chronic?
Once somebody has experienced a traumatic life event and gone through the disease cycle (the two phases discussed earlier), a reminder of the original event is often enough to re-trigger the conflict. They don't have to experience another trauma, just experience similar feelings. This is an intelligent biological process that occurs in order to make the organ stronger and less flexible than it was previously, in order to prevent it from happening again.
Why does acne appear on different parts of the body?
If acne really was just about hormones then everyone would have acne in the same place, but they don't because it is different for everyone, which must mean the location is meaningful. In order to reveal the meaning, we have to look at the function of the particular area of the body where the acne is presenting itself.
For example, for many people acne is predominantly on the face. The face is used to express ourselves and make contact with others. If we feel we have been defiled in relationship to our communication, specifically, it is likely the spots would show up around the mouth and, if we feel embarrassed, they are likely to show up on the cheeks.
Every body part has a meta-meaning that will be relevant, so for example if the spots were on the neck it will be related to intellectual or moral injustice and the shoulders and upper back with burden.
How do we stop the cycle?
In order to fully heal acne, a fully integrative healing plan would need to be put in place that addresses the thoughts, beliefs and emotions that led to the issue and those that have appeared as a result of living with having acne. Other therapeutic techniques such as EFT may also be used to remove the negative emotions around the issue.
If you would like to find out more about Meta-Health can help you, please get in touch with us, we'd be happy to have a chat.
Telephone 01422 365224 or 07804735364
Opening hours 10:00 - 18:00, Monday - Saturday
Alanood Almuhairy
how can we get in touch


For a long time, it has been requested to ITA to be able to provide papers from the WTC proceedings as well as from some other ITA endorsed conferences.
We have established this library/bookshop where you will be able to find these papers.
Unfortunately, we are not in a position to offer all of them – some proceedings have been published by external publishers and neither the Member nation nor ITA got the copyright.
At the moment more than 1,000 papers are available coming from the proceedings of WTC 2014, 2015 and 2017. Proceedings from 2018 will be uploaded next and we are working to upload other ones in a next future.
It has been decided to sell the most recent ones (less than 5 years) at a price of 10 € per paper. This amount, lower than for other similar library/bookshop, will allow ITA to maintain the system. The papers that have been published for more than 5 years ago will be available free of charge.
Nevertheless, everyone will need to register to be able to download a paper.


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Le Grand Prix automobile des États-Unis 2015 (), disputé le  sur le Circuit des Amériques, est la  du championnat du monde de Formule 1 courue depuis 1950. Il s'agit de la quarantième édition du Grand Prix des États-Unis et de la trente-deuxième comptant pour le championnat du monde de Formule 1. Ce quatrième Grand Prix disputé sur ce circuit situé à Austin (Texas) est la seizième manche du championnat 2015. Il est marqué par le sacre de Lewis Hamilton, vainqueur à l'arrivée, le pilote britannique remportant son troisième titre mondial.

La météo perturbe le déroulement du Grand Prix puisque des pluies diluviennes entrainent l'annulation de la deuxième séance d'essais libres et le report des qualifications au dimanche matin, quatre heures avant la course. Sous des trombes d'eau, Nico Rosberg réalise sa quatrième pole position de la saison, la dix-neuvième de sa carrière, dès la phase Q2 puisque la troisième partie des qualifications est annulée ;  il devance d'un dixième de seconde son coéquipier Lewis Hamilton. Daniel Ricciardo et Daniil Kvyat au volant des Red Bull RB11 s'installent en deuxième ligne. Cinquième et huitième temps, Sebastian Vettel et Kimi Räikkönen sont repoussés aux treizième et dix-huitième places après avoir changé le groupe propulseur de leurs Ferrari SF15-T. Les Force India VJM08B de Sergio Pérez et Nico Hülkenberg occupent la troisième ligne devant Felipe Massa et Max Verstappen.

La course, lancée sur une piste mouillée qui s'assèche progressivement, est ponctuée de multiples rebondissements et de quatre neutralisations. S'échangeant à plusieurs reprises la première place, Lewis Hamilton et Nico Rosberg laissent même provisoirement le commandement à Daniel Ricciardo dont la voiture se comporte particulièrement bien avec ses pneus intermédiaires. Sebastian Vettel remonte jusqu'à la troisième place tandis que Rosberg, alors en tête, part à la faute, commettant un écart de trajectoire qui permet à son coéquipier de le dépasser au quarante-huitième tour et de s'envoler vers sa dixième victoire de la saison (la quarante-troisième de sa carrière) et son troisième titre de champion du monde alors qu'il reste encore trois courses à disputer. Quatrième, derrière Rosberg et Vettel, Max Verstappen égale, à 18 ans, son record de précocité établi lors du Grand Prix de Hongrie et devance Sergio Pérez alors que Jenson Button obtient son meilleur résultat de la saison en terminant sixième ; suivent dans les points, Carlos Sainz Jr. (sixième sous le drapeau à damier mais pénalisé de 5 secondes pour vitesse excessive dans les stands), Pastor Maldonado, Felipe Nasr et Daniel Ricciardo. Les dix premiers se classent dans la même minute à l'arrivée d'une course ponctuée par huit abandons.

Lewis Hamilton conserve son titre de champion du monde avec 76 points d'avance sur Sebastian Vettel (251 points) et 80 sur Nico Rosberg (247 points), alors qu'un maximum de 75 points sont encore en jeu d'ici la fin de la saison. Kimi Räikkönen, après son abandon, compte toujours 123 points et conserve sa quatrième place devant Valtteri Bottas (111 points), Felipe Massa (109 points) et Daniil Kvyat (76 points) qui n'ont pas marqué non plus. Le Russe reste devant son coéquipier Daniel Ricciardo (74 points), Sergio Pérez (64 points) conforte sa neuvième place et Max Verstappen (45 points) accède au dixième rang, devant Romain Grosjean (44 points).

Mercedes, champion du monde depuis le Grand Prix de Russie, a désormais 200 points d'avance sur la Scuderia Ferrari, deuxième avec 374 points tandis que Williams F1 Team, avec 220 points, reste à la troisième place ; suivent Red Bull Racing (150 points), Force India (102 points) et Lotus F1 Team (70 points). La Scuderia Toro Rosso, avec 63 points, précède Sauber (36 points) et McLaren Racing (27 points). Manor Marussia n'a pas encore inscrit de point.

Contexte avant le Grand Prix
Lewis Hamilton, déjà vainqueur de neuf courses et possédant soixante-six points d'avance sur Sebastian Vettel et soixante-treize sur Nico Rosberg, peut remporter son troisième titre de champion du monde lors de cette épreuve alors qu'il reste encore trois Grands Prix. Pour ce faire, il doit inscrire neuf points de plus Vettel et deux de plus que Rosberg, ses seuls rivaux encore en course pour le titre.

Essais libres

Première séance, le vendredi de 10 h à 11 h 30

S'il ne pleut plus sur Austin, la première séance d'essais libres du Grand Prix commence sur une piste détrempée en dépit d'une température ambiante de . Le weekend s'annonçant particulièrement humide à cause de l'ouragan Patricia, les pilotes doivent économiser leurs pneus « intermédiaires » et « pleine pluie » en vue de la course du dimanche. Les premiers pilotes s'élancent tous en pneus « pleine pluie » pour boucler un tour d'installation et, quelques minutes plus tard, Marcus Ericsson établit le temps de référence en  puis améliore sur sa lancée en ,  et  alors que Kimi Räikkönen, Romain Grosjean, Jenson Button et Carlos Sainz Jr. retournent dans leur garage. Daniel Ricciardo chausse les gommes intermédiaires pour évaluer les conditions de roulage de la piste.

Pastor Maldonado rencontre immédiatement un problème avec la transmission de sa Lotus E23 Hybrid qui se place seule en mode neutre à des moments impromptus ; les mécaniciens de Lotus F1 Team doivent démonter la monoplace pour intervenir sur la boîte de vitesses. McLaren Racing teste une caméra embarquée qui filme à 400 images par seconde ; ce dispositif présent dans le cockpit, sera obligatoire en 2016. Nico Rosberg, chaussé de pneus intermédiaires, sort à plusieurs reprises de la piste lors des freinages sur son premier tour lancé mais prend ensuite le commandement de la séance en améliorant le temps du pilote Sauber de plus de quatre secondes ( et ). Dans des conditions de piste similaires, Räikkönen et Sebastian Vettel, deuxième et troisième, lui concèdent près d'une seconde et demi au tour.

Valtteri Bottas, est incapable de s'arrêter sur son emplacement dans la voie des stands à cause de la mauvaise adhérence provoquée par le ruissellement de l'eau : ses mécaniciens fuient en tous sens pour éviter la Williams FW37 en perdition. Peu après la mi-séance, une trajectoire plus sèche se dessine sur la piste et la direction de course autorise l'utilisation de l'aileron arrière mobile. À trente minutes du drapeau à damier, certains se relancent en pneus intermédiaires ; ainsi chaussé, Rosberg glisse tellement qu'il rentre dès la fin de son premier tour d'essai, de même que Daniel Ricciardo. La séance se termine sans que les pilotes puissent chausser leurs pneus pour piste sèche et Nico Rosberg conserve la tête de la feuille des temps, devant Daniil Kvyat, Ricciardo, Sainz et Lewis Hamilton.

 Raffaele Marciello, pilote essayeur chez Sauber, remplace Felipe Nasr lors de cette séance d'essais.

Deuxième séance annulée
Un orage violent, une pluie diluvienne et beaucoup de vent s'abattent sur le circuit alors que doit débuter la deuxième session d'essais libres. La FIA décide donc de reporter la séance notamment à cause de la foudre qui menace de toucher les commissaires de piste. Quelques minutes plus tard, le déluge provoqué par l'ouragan Patricia provoque la submersion de la piste sous plusieurs centimètres d'eau.

Après une demi-heure d'attente, alors que la pluie continue de tomber, les pilotes quittent leur garage pour rejoindre leurs hospitalités en attendant des nouvelles de la FIA. Peu après, Bernie Ecclestone évoque une l'annulation de séance :  Peu avant 15 heures, la séance est finalement annulée, l'hélicoptère médical ne pouvant décoller dans les deux prochaines heures.

Troisième séance, le samedi de 10 h à 11 h

Peu après 7 heures du matin, la FIA décide de reporter sa décision concernant le maintien de la session des essais libres 3 et des qualifications lors de la journée du samedi car la pluie qui tombe sur Austin reste importante et aucune amélioration n'est attendue dans la journée ; Greg Abbott, le gouverneur du Texas, conseille même à tous les habitants de ne pas quitter leur domicile pour la journée. À 8 heures, la FIA annonce qu'un seul créneau horaire permettra de lancer les monoplaces en piste ; il pourra s'agir des essais libres 3 ou des qualifications. Une demi-heure plus tard, le circuit ferme ses portes jusqu'à midi : les spectateurs déjà présents doivent se réfugier dans la tribune principale couverte. La voiture de sécurité entre en piste à 9 h 36 pour évaluer les conditions de roulage et les équipes ont été informées par la FIA qu'elle doivent envisager de préparer la prochaine séance (officiellement les essais libres 3) comme s'il s'agissait d'une séance de qualifications qui déterminerait la grille de départ. Finalement, à l'horaire prévu, sous une pluie modérée et alors que plusieurs pilotes ne sont toujours pas en combinaison de course, la FIA annonce le début de la session et l'interdiction des pneus intermédiaires. S'il est impossible d'organiser des qualifications plus tard dans le weekend, la grille de départ sera constituée en fonction des temps établis par les pilotes lors de cette session.

Red Bull Racing et Lotus F1 Team envoient leurs pilotes en piste dès son ouverture car les radars météo annoncent que la pluie va s'intensifier. Tous les autres pilotes les suivent lorsque Nico Rosberg part à la faute et casse son aileron avant en tapant une barrière. Daniel Ricciardo effectue un tour d'installation en plus de deux minutes et demie puis établit le temps de référence en .

Pastor Maldonado améliore immédiatement, en , juste devant son coéquipier Romain Grosjean. Daniil Kvyat prend ensuite l'avantage pour une seconde puis Sebastian Vettel tourne en  et Valtteri Bottas en . Lewis Hamilton part à la faute en effectuant un gros travers (sans conséquence) puis réalise le meilleur temps, en , alors qu'aucune monoplace des écuries Scuderia Toro Rosso, Manor Marussia et Sauber n'a effectué le moindre tour chronométré.

Sebastian Vettel passe en tête en , alors que Rosberg fait changer son aileron avant. Kimi Räikkönen se place en deuxième position et Vettel améliore encore sa performance en tournant en , juste devant son coéquipier finlandais revenu à quatre dixièmes de seconde. Après un quart d'heure, la pluie s'intensifie et les pilotes commettent de nombreuses fautes. Vettel et Räikkönen, qui choisissent de regagner leur stand, devancent Nico Hülkenberg, Bottas, Hamilton, Fernando Alonso, Felipe Massa, Sergio Pérez, Kvyat et Jenson Button. Alors que Pastor Maldonado part en tête-à-queue, sans dommage, Bottas et Hülkenberg se hissent tous deux à une demi-seconde de Vettel. Nico Rosberg, 23 minutes après son erreur du début de séance, effectue son premier tour chronométré et obtient le cinquième temps avec une seconde d'avance sur son coéquipier Hamilton, sixième. Hülkenberg ravit le deuxième temps à Räikkönen, à un dixième de seconde de Vettel, puis Bottas passe troisième, devant son compatriote désormais suivi par Carlos Sainz Jr., cinquième à moins d'une seconde de la tête du classement, remplacé par Ricciardo peu après. À la mi-séance, alors que la piste est suffisamment sèche pour permettre aux pilotes d'améliorer leurs performances, les Ferrari quittent leur garage accompagnées de Lewis Hamilton qui réalise le meilleur temps en  puis regagne son stand. Vettel sort dans l'herbe après un gros travers avant de repartir à la faute dans l'avant-dernier virage. Sainz et Kvyat se placent devant Räikkönen qui chute à la septième place.

Alors qu'il reste encore vingt-deux minutes, la pluie devient très forte et tous les pilotes sont rappelés aux stands, hormis Hülkenberg qui reste quelques tours de plus pour tester sa procédure de départ sur piste mouillée. Hamilton devance Vettel, Hülkenberg, Bottas, Sainz, Kvyat, Räikkönen, Ricciardo, Rosberg et Massa ; quatre dixièmes de seconde séparent la deuxième place de la septième. Alors que plusieurs pilotes mettent pied à terre et rejoignent leur hospitalité, Max Verstappen, auteur du dernier temps à plus de 10 secondes de Hamilton et hors des 107 % qualificatifs, tente de grappiller quelques places au classement mais renonce rapidement.

Séance de qualifications
Après six reports consécutifs le samedi en raison de pluies diluviennes, la séance de qualification est reportée au dimanche matin à 9 heures, quatre heures avant le départ de la course.

Résultats des qualifications

Session Q1
Il pleut toujours sur le circuit durant les heures précédant les qualifications reportées du Grand Prix. Après avoir dû renoncer aux essais libres 2, les organisateurs doivent organiser les qualifications et la course sur la seule journée du dimanche. Charlie Whiting interdit l'utilisation des gommes intermédiaires en raison de l'abondance d'eau sur le circuit ; seuls les pneumatiques « pleine pluie » sont autorisés. Les vingt pilotes prennent immédiatement la piste et Romain Grosjean déclare aussitôt :  tandis que Kimi Räikkönen confirme : . Daniil Kvyat fixe le temps de référence en .

Lewis Hamilton passe en tête en  juste avant que Carlos Sainz Jr. sorte de la piste dans les esses et tape le mur de pneus, provoquant la neutralisation de la session sur drapeau rouge. Hamilton devance Daniel Ricciardo, Kvyat, Max Verstappen, Valtteri Bottas, Jenson Button, Felipe Massa, Grosjean et Pastor Maldonado. La séance est relancée pour douze minutes et de nombreux pilotes attendent à la sortie de la voie des stands pour réaliser un tour chronométré avant l'arrivée annoncée d'une pluie encore plus dense. Si Nico Rosberg prend la deuxième place en , Hamilton améliore son meilleur temps, en . Peu après, Sebastian Vettel touche légèrement le mur et rejoint son stand au ralenti.

Rosberg accède ensuite à la tête du classement, en , mais Ricciardo améliore en . Si Hamilton récupère la première place, en , Ricciardo réalise, en , la meilleure prerformance de la session. Les cinq pilotes éliminés sont Sainz et son coéquipier Marcus Ericsson, Will Stevens et son coéquipier Alexander Rossi et Felipe Nasr.

Session Q2
Si Sebastian Vettel s'élance en tête, toujours en pneumatiques « pleine pluie », Lewis Hamilton établit le temps de référence en . Nico Rosberg, améliore dans la foulée, d'abord en  puis en . Fernando Alonso, Valtteri Bottas, Romain Grosjean, Jenson Button et Pastor Maldonado sont repoussés au-delà de la dixième place et de nombreux pilotes, dont Vettel, déclarent que le drapeau rouge est nécessaire car les conditions de piste sont désormais trop dangereuses.

De très nombreuses sorties de piste se produisent, sans dommage, au fur et à mesure que la pluie s'intensifie et aucun pilote ne parvient à améliorer ses performances ; les cinq pilotes éliminés sont Maldonado et son coéquipier Grosjean, Bottas, Button et son coéquipier Alonso.

Session Q3
La voiture de sécurité monte en piste juste afin de vérifier le niveau d'eau et la direction de course décide de retarder le départ de la phase Q3 alors que les pilotes Mercedes étaient déjà sortis. Nico Rosberg et Lewis Hamilton sont reconduits dans les stands tandis que des véhicules d'intervention équipés de tubes souffleurs d'air tentent d'évacuer l'eau stagnante de la piste.

La piste se révélant impraticable, la phase Q3 est annulée et la grille de départ établie d'après le classement de la Q2. Nico Rosberg obtient ainsi la dix-neuvième pole position de sa carrière, sa troisième consécutive, et est accompagné en première ligne par son coéquipier Lewis Hamilton. Daniel Ricciardo et Daniil Kvyat, sur Red Bull RB11, occupent la deuxième ligne devant les Force India VJM08B de Sergio Pérez et Nico Hülkenberg puisque Sebastian Vettel et Kimi Räikkönen sont pénalisés d'un recul de dix places.

Grille de départ

 Carlos Sainz Jr., au-delà des 107 % qualificatifs, est autorisé par les commissaires à prendre le départ de la course depuis la dernière place de la grille ;
 Will Stevens, auteur du dix-neuvième temps des qualifications, est pénalisé d'un recul de 20 places après l'installation d'un nouveau moteur, d'un nouveau turbocompresseur et un nouveau MGU-H. Il conserve sa place car Sainz n'a pas obtenu sa qualification en piste ;
 Valtteri Bottas, auteur du douzième temps des qualifications, est pénalisé d'un recul de 5 places sur la grille pour un changement de boîte de vitesses. Il s'élance de la seizième place sur la grille.
 Sebastian Vettel, auteur du cinquième temps des qualifications et Kimi Räikkönen, auteur du huitième temps, sont pénalisés d'un recul de 10 places sur la grille pour l'utilisation d'un cinquième moteur, le quota annuel étant fixé à quatre. Après la pénalité infligée à Bottas, Vettel s'élance de la treizième place et Räikkönen de la dix-huitième.

Course

Déroulement de l'épreuve
Le départ du Grand Prix est donné sur une piste humide en voie d'assèchement. Alors qu'il ne pleut plus, l'inconnue de l'après-midi est la longévité des pneumatiques intermédiaires choisis par la majorité des pilotes. À l'extinction des feux, Lewis Hamilton, en première ligne, prend un très bon départ et négocie le premier virage au côté de Nico Rosberg, parti de la pole position. À la sortie de la courbe, il ne laisse pas de place à son coéquipier allemand qui doit sortir de la piste pour éviter l'accrochage. Hamilton prend ainsi la tête de la course tandis que Rosberg chute en cinquième position puis repasse quatrième devant Sergio Pérez. Plus loin derrière, Valtteri Bottas touche Fernando Alonso au premier freinage et envoie l'Espagnol en tête-à-queue. Romain Grosjean est victime d'une crevaison à l'arrière-gauche et Felipe Nasr percute la Sauber C34 de son coéquipier Marcus Ericsson. Au premier passage sur la ligne de chronométrage, alors que Nasr et Bottas rentrent pour changer le museau de leur monoplace (Bottas en profitant pour chausser des pneus pour piste sèche alors que  Pirelli a annoncé que ces pneus ne seraient pas adéquats en début d'épreuve), Hamilton devance Daniil Kvyat, Daniel Ricciardo, Rosberg, Pérez, Nico Hülkenberg, Sebastian Vettel, Max Verstappen, Jenson Button, Kimi Räikkönen, Carlos Sainz Jr. et Ericsson.

Bottas, en pneus tendres pour piste sèche, perd 10 secondes par secteur chronométré sur ses rivaux et est immédiatement rappelé au stand à l'issue de son premier tour ; le Finlandais abandonne quelques minutes plus tard sur une casse de suspension due à l'accrochage du départ. En tête de course, Daniil Kvyat menace Lewis Hamilton lorsque, au sixième tour, la direction de course impose une voiture de sécurité virtuelle pour permettre aux commissaires de piste de nettoyer les débris jonchant la piste après les incidents du départ. Hamilton devance Kvyat, Ricciardo, Rosberg, Pérez, Vettel, Verstappen, Räikkönen, Sainz, Hülkenberg, Button, Ericsson, Felipe Massa, Pastor Maldonado, Grosjean, Alonso, Alexander Rossi et Nasr, Will Stevens ayant abandonné. À la relance, au huitième tour, Rosberg dépasse immédiatement Ricciardo et Kvyat et pointe au second rang, juste derrière Hamilton. L'Allemand est alors victime d'une panne d'aileron arrière mobile, qui se résout après quelques tours.

Romain Grosjean passe les pneus pour piste sèche au terme du dixième passage et abandonne au tour suivant à cause des dégâts subis au départ ; il est vraisemblable qu'il ait testé les pneus « slick » pour déterminer la stratégie que doit suivre son coéquipier Maldonado. Alors que les Mercedes et les Red Bull se tiennent en moins de 2 secondes, Kvyat essaie de dépasser Rosberg au dernier freinage mais sort trop large et perd une position au profit de Ricciardo. Pérez, cinquième, retient derrière lui Vettel, Verstappen, Sainz, Räikkönen et Hülkenberg. Ricciardo, ayant dépassé Rosberg, s'attaque à Hamilton alors que Räikkönen, malgré des pneus en très mauvais état, harcèle Sainz pour le gain de la huitième place. Au quinzième tour, Ricciardo s'empare du commandement dans le dernier secteur et se détache immédiatement ; en trois tours, il porte son avance à 4 secondes.

Button change ses pneus au dix-huitième tour, Hamilton (qui vient d'être dépassé par Rosberg), Vettel, Verstappen, Maldonado, Nasr et Rossi au tour suivant, Ricciardo, Rosberg, Kvyat, Pérez, Räikkönen, Sainz et Hülkenberg au vingtième. Räikkönen, piégé par le manque d'adhérence dans le virage  touche le mur et, après de nombreux coups de volant et d'accélérateur, reprend le chemin des stands pour changer le museau de sa monoplace. Après cette salve de changements de pneus, Ricciardo mène l'épreuve devant Rosberg, Kvyat, Hamilton, Vettel, Verstappen, Sainz, Pérez, Hülkenberg, Massa et Button. Chaussées des pneus tendres, les Red Bull RB11 se montrent moins efficaces qu'en intermédiaires ; Rosberg dépasse Ricciardo au vingt-deuxième tour pour mener la course avec plus de trois secondes d'avance et, dans le même tour, Hamilton passe Kvyat, désormais sous la menace directe de Vettel, pour le gain de la troisième place.

Peu après, Vettel ravit la quatrième place à Kvyat tandis que Massa abandonne sur bris de suspension consécutif à l'incident du début de course. Hamilton, qui a pris l'avantage sur Ricciardo dans le vingt-sixième tour, se lance à la poursuite de son coéquipier à plus de 10 secondes devant. Räikkönen et Ericsson abandonnent au tour suivant mais la monoplace du Suédois restée sur le bord de la piste provoque la sortie de la voiture de sécurité. Vettel, Hülkenberg, Sainz, Pérez et Button en profitent pour changer de pneus tandis que Rosberg, Hamilton, Ricciardo et Kvyat prennent le risque de rester en piste. Au trentième tour, derrière la voiture de sécurité, Rosberg devance Hamilton, Ricciardo, Kvyat, Vettel, Verstappen, Hülkenberg, Pérez, Button, Sainz, Maldonado et Alonso.

Vettel dispose désormais de pneus durs pouvant aller jusqu'à l'arrivée tandis que Rosberg, Hamilton, Ricciardo et Kvyat sont en tendres. À la relance, au trente-troisième tour, Vettel dépasse Kvyat puis Ricciardo. Si l'Australien reprend l'avantage quelques centaines de mètres plus loin, Vettel repasse à l'attaque et prend définitivement l'avantage. Entretemps, les Mercedes ont porté leur avance à six secondes du pilote Ferrari. Ricciardo, dépassé par Verstappen, est désormais sous la menace d'Hülkenberg ; les deux pilotes s'accrochent et Hülkenberg abandonne, provoquant une nouvelle procédure de voiture de sécurité virtuelle afin de nettoyer les débris. Rosberg et Kvyat en profitent pour passer aux stands pour chausser des pneus tendres neufs. La course, relancée au quarantième tour, est menée par Hamilton qui devance Vettel, Rosberg, Verstappen, Button, Alonso, Pérez, Sainz, Maldonado, Kvyat, Ricciardo, Nasr et Rossi .

Dans le quarante-deuxième tour, avec ses pneus tendres neufs, Rosberg prend l'avantage sur Vettel et rattrape son coéquipier en tête avec des pneus tendres usés. Kvyat, en perdant le contrôle de sa monoplace après avoir mis deux roues dans l'herbe artificielle et tapé le rail, provoque une nouvelle sortie de la voiture de sécurité. Hamilton en profite pour chausser les pneus tendres, imité, à la surprise générale, par Vettel qui choisit de monter des pneus tendres plus performants même si ses pneus durs lui permettaient de rallier l'arrivée. Rosberg reprend dès lors le commandement devant Hamilton, Verstappen, Vettel, Alonso, Pérez, Ricciardo et Button. À la relance, au quarante-septième tour, Vettel passe Verstappen pour le gain de la troisième place. Au tour suivant, Nico Rosberg fait une erreur en « allumant » son train avant au freinage et sortant trop large : il cède ainsi le commandement à son équipier et, en contenant Vettel derrière lui, offre le titre de champion du monde à Hamilton. Plus loin, la lutte pour les places d'honneur fait rage entre Pérez, Button, Sainz et Maldonado. Hamilton remporte sa dixième victoire de la saison devant Rosberg et Vettel ; suivent pour les points Verstappen, Pérez, Button, Sainz (sixième sous le drapeau à damier mais pénalisé de 5 secondes pour vitesse excessive dans les stands), Maldonado, Nasr et Ricciardo.

Classement de la course

Pole position et record du tour
 Pole position :  Nico Rosberg (Mercedes) en 1 min 56 s 824 ().
 Meilleur tour en course :  Nico Rosberg (Mercedes) en 1 min 40 s 666 ( au quarante-neuvième tour).

Tours en tête
   Lewis Hamilton : 28 tours (1-14 / 39-43 / 48-56)
  Daniel Ricciardo : 7 tours (15-21)
  Nico Rosberg : 21 tours (22-38 / 44-47)

Classements généraux à l'issue de la course

Statistiques
Le Grand Prix des États-Unis 2015 représente :
 la  pole position de sa carrière pour Nico Rosberg, sa quatrième cette saison. Il devient le pilote non-champion du monde ayant obtenu le plus de pole position en détrônant René Arnoux ;
 la  de sa carrière en Formule 1 pour Lewis Hamilton, sa dixième cette saison. Il devient le pilote en activité avec le plus de victoires ;
 la  pole position pour Mercedes en tant que constructeur ;
 la  pour Mercedes en tant que constructeur ;
 le  pour Mercedes en tant que constructeur ;
 la  pour Mercedes en tant que motoriste ;
 le  podium pour Ferrari en tant que motoriste ;
 le  Grand Prix de Red Bull Racing.
Au cours de ce Grand Prix :
Lewis Hamilton remporte son troisième titre de champion du monde et rejoint Jack Brabham, Jackie Stewart, Niki Lauda, Nelson Piquet et Ayrton Senna ;
 Lewis Hamilton passe la barre des 1800 points inscrits en championnat du monde ( points). Il est le second pilote, après Sebastian Vettel, à avoir inscrit plus de  points en Formule 1 ;
 Lewis Hamilton est le premier pilote britannique à conserver son titre de champion du monde d'une année sur l'autre ;
 Lewis Hamilton est le premier pilote à remporter le titre sur le sol américain depuis Keke Rosberg au Grand Prix automobile de Las Vegas 1982 ;
McLaren Racing égale son record de courses sans victoire avec 54 épreuves consécutives sans succès. Le dernier succès de l'équipe remonte au Grand Prix automobile du Brésil 2012 ;
 Tom Kristensen, nonuple vainqueur des 24 Heures du Mans et sextuple vainqueur des 12 Heures de Sebring, est nommé assistant des commissaires de course pour ce Grand Prix.

Notes et références

Lien externe

2015
États-Unis
Sport au Texas en 2015
Sport aux États-Unis en octobre 2015
25 octobre

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia