text:
Professor, CLAS-NS: REACH Institute
Professor, CLAS-NS: Psychology
Scholarly Works (186)
Grants (33)
A Psychometric Analysis of the Brief Self-Control Scale
Manapat, P. D., Edwards, M. C., MacKinnon, D. P., Poldrack, R. A. & Marsch, L. A., Jan 1 2019, (Accepted/In press) In : Assessment.
A Psychometric Evaluation of the Short Grit Scale: A Closer Look at its Factor Structure and Scale Functioning
Gonzalez, O., Canning, J. R., Smyth, H. & Mackinnon, D. P., Jan 1 2019, In : European Journal of Psychological Assessment.
A Viable Alternative When Propensity Scores Fail: Evaluation of Inverse Propensity Weighting and Sequential G-Estimation in a Two-Wave Mediation Model
Valente, M. J., MacKinnon, D. P. & Mazza, G. L., Jan 1 2019, In : Multivariate Behavioral Research.
Evaluating the Factor Structure of Each Facet of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire
Pelham, W. E., Gonzalez, O., Metcalf, S. A., Whicker, C. L., Witkiewitz, K., Marsch, L. A. & Mackinnon, D. P., Jan 1 2019, (Accepted/In press) In : Mindfulness.
Item Response Theory Analysis of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Its Short Forms
Pelham, W. E., Gonzalez, O., Metcalf, S. A., Whicker, C. L., Scherer, E. A., Witkiewitz, K., Marsch, L. A. & Mackinnon, D., Aug 15 2019, In : Mindfulness. 10, 8, p. 1615-1628 14 p.
Large-scale analysis of test–retest reliabilities of self-regulation measures
Zeynep Enkavi, A., Eisenberg, I. W., Bissett, P. G., Mazza, G. L., Mackinnon, D., Marsch, L. A. & Poldrack, R. A., Jan 1 2019, In : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116, 12, p. 5472-5477 6 p.
Mediation analysis with binary outcomes: Direct and indirect effects of pro-alcohol influences on alcohol use disorders
Feingold, A., Mackinnon, D. & Capaldi, D. M., Jan 1 2019, (Accepted/In press) In : Addictive Behaviors.
Right measures for the research question
Zeynep Enkavi, A., Eisenberg, I. W., Bissett, P. G., Mazza, G. L., MacKinnon, D. P., Marsch, L. A. & Poldrack, R. A., Dec 3 2019, In : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116, 49, p. 24398-24399 2 p.
The (Lack of) Replication of Self-Reported Mindfulness as a Mechanism of Change in Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders
Hsiao, Y. Y., Tofighi, D., Kruger, E. S., Lee Van Horn, M., Mackinnon, D. & Witkiewitz, K., Apr 15 2019, In : Mindfulness. 10, 4, p. 724-736 13 p.
The Correspondence Between Causal and Traditional Mediation Analysis: the Link Is the Mediator by Treatment Interaction
MacKinnon, D. P., Valente, M. J. & Gonzalez, O., Jan 1 2019, (Accepted/In press) In : Prevention Science.
Uncovering the structure of self-regulation through data-driven ontology discovery
Eisenberg, I. W., Bissett, P. G., Zeynep Enkavi, A., Li, J., MacKinnon, D. P., Marsch, L. A. & Poldrack, R. A., Dec 1 2019, In : Nature communications. 10, 1, 2319.
A Bifactor Approach to Model Multifaceted Constructs in Statistical Mediation Analysis
Gonzalez, O. & Mackinnon, D., Feb 1 2018, In : Educational and Psychological Measurement. 78, 1, p. 5-31 27 p.
Benchmark Validation of Statistical Models: Application to Mediation Analysis of Imagery and Memory
Mackinnon, D., Valente, M. J. & Wurpts, I. C., Mar 29 2018, (Accepted/In press) In : Psychological Methods.
Reasons for testing mediation in the absence of an intervention effect: A research imperative in prevention and intervention research
O'Rourke, H. & Mackinnon, D., Mar 1 2018, In : Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. 79, 2, p. 171-181 11 p.
Sensitivity Analysis of the No-Omitted Confounder Assumption in Latent Growth Curve Mediation Models
Tofighi, D., Hsiao, Y. Y., Kruger, E. S., Mackinnon, D., Van Horn, M. L. & Witkiewitz, K., Jan 1 2018, (Accepted/In press) In : Structural Equation Modeling.
Growth Curve
Applying novel technologies and methods to inform the ontology of self-regulation
Eisenberg, I. W., Bissett, P. G., Canning, J. R., Dallery, J., Enkavi, A. Z., Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., Gonzalez, O., Green, A. I., Greene, M. A., Kiernan, M., Kim, S. J., Li, J., Lowe, M. R., Mazza, G. L., Metcalf, S. A., Onken, L., Parikh, S. S., Peters, E., Prochaska, J. J., Scherer, E. A. & 7 others, Stoeckel, L. E., Valente, M. J., Wu, J., Xie, H., Mackinnon, D., Marsch, L. A. & Poldrack, R. A., Jan 1 2017, (Accepted/In press) In : Behaviour Research and Therapy.
Foster Home Care
A Tutorial in Bayesian Potential Outcomes Mediation Analysis
Miočević, M., Gonzalez, O., Valente, M. J. & Mackinnon, D., Jul 23 2017, (Accepted/In press) In : Structural Equation Modeling. p. 1-16 16 p.
Potential Outcomes
Bias, Type I Error Rates, and Statistical Power of a Latent Mediation Model in the Presence of Violations of Invariance
Olivera-Aguilar, M., Rikoon, S. H., Gonzalez, O., Kisbu-Sakarya, Y. & Mackinnon, D., Jan 1 2017, (Accepted/In press) In : Educational and Psychological Measurement.
Statistical Power
Type I Error Rate
Invariance
Comparing Models of Change to Estimate the Mediated Effect in the Pretest–Posttest Control Group Design
Valente, M. J. & Mackinnon, D., May 4 2017, In : Structural Equation Modeling. 24, 3, p. 428-450 23 p.
Confounding in statistical mediation analysis: What it is and how to address it
Valente, M. J., Pelham, W. E., Smyth, H. & Mackinnon, D., Nov 1 2017, In : Journal of Counseling Psychology. 64, 6, p. 659-671 13 p.
Family Support and Family Negativity as Mediators of the Relation between Acculturation and Postpartum Weight in Low-Income Mexican-Origin Women
Jewell, S. L., Letham-Hamlett, K., Hanna Ibrahim, M., Luecken, L. & Mackinnon, D., May 3 2017, (Accepted/In press) In : Annals of Behavioral Medicine. p. 1-12 12 p.
Maternal acculturation and the growth of impoverished Mexican American infants
Luecken, L., Jewell, S. L. & Mackinnon, D., Feb 1 2017, In : Obesity. 25, 2, p. 445-451 7 p.
Power in Bayesian Mediation Analysis for Small Sample Research
Miočević, M., Mackinnon, D. & Levy, R., Apr 25 2017, (Accepted/In press) In : Structural Equation Modeling. p. 1-18 18 p.
Small Sample
Bayesian Methods
Bootstrap Confidence Intervals
Statistical properties of four effect-size measures for mediation models
Miočević, M., O'Rourke, H., Mackinnon, D. & Brown, H. C., Mar 24 2017, (Accepted/In press) In : Behavior Research Methods. p. 1-17 17 p.
Tutorial: The Practical Application of Longitudinal Structural Equation Mediation Models in Clinical Trials
Goldsmith, K. A., Mackinnon, D., Chalder, T., White, P. D., Sharpe, M. & Pickles, A., Dec 28 2017, (Accepted/In press) In : Psychological Methods.
A Note on Testing Mediated Effects in Structural Equation Models: Reconciling Past and Current Research on the Performance of the Test of Joint Significance
Valente, M. J., Gonzalez, O., Miočević, M. & Mackinnon, D., Dec 1 2016, In : Educational and Psychological Measurement. 76, 6, p. 889-911 23 p.
Structural Equation Model
structural model
A statistical method for synthesizing mediation analyses using the product of coefficient approach across multiple trials
Huang, S., Mackinnon, D., Perrino, T., Gallo, C., Cruden, G. & Brown, C. H., Feb 25 2016, (Accepted/In press) In : Statistical Methods and Applications. p. 1-15 15 p.
Design approaches to experimental mediation
Pirlott, A. G. & Mackinnon, D., Sep 1 2016, In : Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 66, p. 29-38 10 p.
Random Allocation
Empiric validation of a process for behavior change
Elliot, D. L., Goldberg, L., Mackinnon, D., Ranby, K. W., Kuehl, K. S. & Moe, E. L., Sep 1 2016, In : Translational Behavioral Medicine. 6, 3, p. 449-456 8 p.
Mediation analysis with survival outcomes: Accelerated failure time vs. proportional hazards models
Gelfand, L. A., Mackinnon, D., DeRubeis, R. J. & Baraldi, A. N., Mar 30 2016, In : Frontiers in Psychology. 7, MAR, 423.
Monte Carlo Confidence Intervals for Complex Functions of Indirect Effects
Tofighi, D. & Mackinnon, D., Mar 3 2016, In : Structural Equation Modeling. 23, 2, p. 194-205 12 p.
Complex Functions
Monte Carlo method
Well-defined
Prediction of Postpartum Weight in Low-Income Mexican-Origin Women From Childhood Experiences of Abuse and Family Conflict
Luecken, L., Jewell, S. L. & Mackinnon, D., Sep 1 2016, (Accepted/In press) In : Psychosomatic Medicine.
Self-regulation interventions to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in adolescents
Ames, S. L., Wurpts, I. C., Pike, J. R., Mackinnon, D., Reynolds, K. R. & Stacy, A. W., Oct 1 2016, In : Appetite. 105, p. 652-662 11 p.
The Combined Effects of Measurement Error and Omitting Confounders in the Single-Mediator Model
Fritz, M. S., Kenny, D. A. & Mackinnon, D., Sep 2 2016, In : Multivariate Behavioral Research. 51, 5, p. 681-697 17 p.
Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)
Measurement Error
The SHIELD (safety & health improvement: Enhancing law enforcement departments) study mixed methods longitudinal findings
Kuehl, K. S., Elliot, D. L., Mackinnon, D., O'Rourke, H., DeFrancesco, C., Miocevic, M., Valente, M., Sleigh, A., Garg, B., McGinnis, W. & Kuehl, H., 2016, In : Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 58, 5, p. 492-498 7 p.
Assessing Social Competence and Behavior Problems in a Sample of Italian Preschoolers Using the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale
Sette, S., Baumgartner, E. & Mackinnon, D., Jan 2 2015, In : Early Education and Development. 26, 1, p. 46-65 20 p.
behavior evaluation
Effects of a combined parent-student alcohol prevention program on intermediate factors and adolescentsa' drinking behavior: A sequential mediation model
Koning, I. M., Maric, M., Mackinnon, D. & Vollebergh, W. A. M., Aug 1 2015, In : Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 83, 4, p. 719-727 9 p.
Drinking Behavior
Effects of prenatal factors and temperament on infant cortisol regulation in low-income Mexican American families
Luecken, L., Mackinnon, D., Jewell, S. L., Crnic, K. & Gonzales, N., Dec 1 2015, In : Developmental Psychobiology. 57, 8, p. 961-973 13 p.
Mother-Child Relations
Increasing Statistical Power in Mediation Models Without Increasing Sample Size
Fritz, M. S., Cox, M. G. & Mackinnon, D., Sep 18 2015, In : Evaluation and the Health Professions. 38, 3, p. 343-366 24 p.
Mediating Variable
Mackinnon, D., Mar 26 2015, International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition. Elsevier Inc., p. 64-69 6 p.
Role Transitions and Young Adult Maturing Out of Heavy Drinking: Evidence for Larger Effects of Marriage Among More Severe Premarriage Problem Drinkers
Lee, M. R., Chassin, L. & Mackinnon, D., Jun 1 2015, In : Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 39, 6, p. 1064-1074 11 p.
Statistical Approaches for Enhancing Causal Interpretation of the M to Y Relation in Mediation Analysis
Mackinnon, D. & Pirlott, A. G., Feb 14 2015, In : Personality and Social Psychology Review. 19, 1, p. 30-43 14 p.
When the test of mediation is more powerful than the test of the total effect
O'Rourke, H. & Mackinnon, D., Jun 1 2015, In : Behavior Research Methods. 47, 2, p. 424-442 19 p.
Inhibitory control effects in adolescent binge eating and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and snacks
Ames, S. L., Kisbu-Sakarya, Y., Reynolds, K. D., Boyle, S., Cappelli, C., Cox, M. G., Dust, M., Grenard, J. L., Mackinnon, D. & Stacy, A. W., Oct 1 2014, In : Appetite. 81, p. 180-192 13 p.
Mediation from multilevel to structural equation modeling
Mackinnon, D. & Valente, M. J., Nov 27 2014, In : Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 65, p. 198-204 7 p.
Robust mediation analysis based on median regression
Yuan, Y. & Mackinnon, D., 2014, In : Psychological Methods. 19, 1, p. 1-20 20 p.
Sensitivity Plots for Confounder Bias in the Single Mediator Model
Cox, M. G., Kisbu-Sakarya, Y., Miočević, M. & Mackinnon, D., 2014, In : Evaluation Review. 37, 5, p. 405-431 27 p.
evaluation research
The Distribution of the Product Explains Normal Theory Mediation Confidence Interval Estimation
Kisbu-Sakarya, Y., Mackinnon, D. & Miočević, M., 2014, In : Multivariate Behavioral Research. 49, 3, p. 261-268 8 p.
Interval Estimation
Asymmetric Distribution
The safety and health improvement: Enhancing law enforcement departments study: Feasibility and findings
Kueh, K. S., Elliot, D. L., Goldberg, L., Mackinnon, D., Vila, B. J., Smith, J., Miočević, M., O'Rourke, H., Valente, M. J., DeFrancesco, C., Sleigh, A. & McGinnis, W., May 8 2014, In : Frontiers in Public Health. 2, MAY, 38.
Using mediation and moderation analyses to enhance prevention research
Fairchild, A. J. & Mackinnon, D., Jan 1 2014, Defining Prevention Science. Springer US, p. 537-555 19 p.
Contact David Mackinnon


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Big fireworks show planned for Sept. 1
A "really big show" is planned for Sylvan Lake's next fireworks display — a special event on Sunday, September 1st.
Steve Dills
The town announced it has set the date for its big Centennial celebration.
"The sky will be darker and evening will be cooler," said the town's Facebook page earlier this week. "We will all need an excuse to get together and say farewell to summer 2013 with the type of fireworks you've come to know and love Sylvan Lake for."
The display was originally scheduled for Canada Day, July 1st. But the town's pyrotechnics crew, the Calgary/High River based Big Bang Inc., was heavily affected by flooding in Southern Alberta and downsized the Canada Day show after initially thinking they would have to cancel it altogether.
In last week's Sylvan Lake News, the town profusely thanked "Dan Roy and the rest of the crew at Big Bang for their efforts in ensuring our community had a fireworks show on Canada Day.
"Smaller in scope than originally planned, Dan Roy and Big Bang generously offered to cover the costs of the smaller show and insisted that they will reschedule a bigger, more spectacular demonstration later in the year.
"While the Town of Sylvan Lake very much appreciates the offer of a free-of-charge mini show, we have declined, and will pay the full cost of now two pyrotechnics shows. The Town of Sylvan Lake cannot accept such a free service in light of what the company, its staff, and their families are dealing with in light of the flooding."
Betty Osmond, the town's chief administrative officer, told councillors at their meeting Monday night "it will be a really big show".
She noted the Canada Day long weekend was very busy with the hot weather and the holiday falling on Monday. "The special events proceeded very well with moving night attracting over 100 vehicles (estimated 350+ people) (at Canadian Tire) and large crowds in attendance for the revised version of the fireworks."
Jamboree 2013 begins
Managing cumulative effects on lake is goal of plan accepted by councillors

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Dr. DiBiase is currently the Undergraduate Coordinator for the Department of Undergraduate and Graduate Studies in the Faculty of Education. Dr. DiBiase works out of the St. Catharines campus.
Dr. DiBiase central research interests are Neuropsychiatry, Neurobiology, and Psychopathology.
Biofeedback: electrical monitoring that provides feedback on our body functions that are controlled involuntarily, and with the provided feedback, to gain more control of those functions to perform more optimally. Biofeedback can be used to treat a variety of medical conditions including, but not limited to: chronic pain, hypertension, stress, anxiety, and other physiological conditions.
Neurofeedback: is a very specific form of biofeedback. Neurofeedback is also known as EEG biofeedback. EEG biofeedback, is a very specific protocol that is utilized to improve brainwave activity. EEG biofeedback is especially useful for treating neurological conditions such as ADHD, stress/anxiety, sleep disorders, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury. Neurofeedback is basically a reward system that teaches the brain how to function in a more optimal range. Neurofeedback training is entirely subconscious and that is exactly why it works. As with traditional biofeedback, the goal with neurofeedback training is long-term benefit and alleviation of symptoms.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): is a common type of mental health counseling (psychotherapy). With CBT you work in a structured way, attending a limited number of sessions. CBT helps you become aware of inaccurate or negative thinking, so you can view challenging situations more clearly and respond to them in a more effective way. CBT is helpful for Anxiety, Depression, OCD, ADHD, ODD, CD, and Bipolor Disorders.
Psychopharmacology: is the study of the use of medications in treating mental health disorders. The complexity of this field requires continuous study in order to keep current with new advances. Psychopharmacologists need to understand all the clinically relevant principles of pharmacokinetics (what the body does to medication) and pharmacodynamics (what the medications do to the body).
Since the use of these medications is to treat mental disorders, an extensive understanding of basic neuroscience, basic psychopharmacology, clinical medicine, the differential diagnosis of mental disorders, and treatment options is required.
Although antisocial behaviour exhibited by children and youth has been an issue of grave concern for societies throughout history, events of recent years (e.g., school shootings, criminal adjudication among children and youth, violent behaviour) have galvanized public concern and raised antisocial behaviour among children and youth, to the level of a national health care issue.
Moreover, if antisocial behavior patterns are not addressed early on, these children tend to experience numerous long-term negative consequences such as academic failure, impaired social relationships, escalating rates and forms of aggressive behavior, substance abuse, and delinquent behavior.
Such negative consequences collectively result in substantial costs to society and to the individual student. Given the multi-faceted nature of antisocial behaviour patterns, prevention/intervention programs should be multimodal, including: social skills development, ethical responsibility and moral development, anger management, and problem solving.
Dr. DiBiase's recent research focuses on prevention/intervention strategies for children and youth with externalizing disorders (e.g., Oppositional Defiant Disorder, ADHD, Conduct Disorder), as well as internalizing disorders (e.g., anxiety, depression).
Currently, she is investigating neurobiological, psycho-pharmacological, and psychoeducational interventions for children, adolescents and adults that endure or are at risk for emotional and behavioural disorders.
Activation changes across emotions that correlated with cue salience level (ZCUE). For control subjects, cue salience increases (RED) were correlated with increased activation in superior temporal cortex, posterior cingulate gyrus (pCG), ventromedial anterior cingulate (vmaCG), and AMY.
Savage, M.J. & DiBiase, A-M (2014). Multivariate and Mixture distribution Rasch Models. In An Introduction to Multivariate Statistical Analysis: Data Mining and Inference. T. Hastie & R. Tibshirani. Springer Dordrecht: The Netherlands.
DiBiase, A-M. (2011). The EQUIP for educators program. Journal of Reclaiming Children and Youth, 20 (1), 45-49.
DiBiase, A-M. (2010). The impact of a psychoeducational prevention program for behaviorally at risk children: EQUIP for Educators. Journal of Research in Character Education. 8 (1), 21-59.
DiBiase, A-M. Chronic stress induction of dendritic atrophy and decrese in spine density in neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC): The role of neuroprotection in stress-induced behavioral changes. American Psychological Association: 122nd Annual Conference Washington, D.C.
DiBiase, A-M (2011). Benzodiazepine efficacy in adolescent generalized anxiety and panic attacks: Enhancing effects on gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA). American Psychological Association 7th Annual Science Leadership Conference. Washington, D.C.


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3D PrintingSacramento, CA
Funding for this project was canceled by the project creator on Nov 7 2014
Aqua3DP: A solution to the fresh water crisis on Earth
A 3D-printed, filterless, saltwater purifier, powered by light and gravity, which converts the oceans of the world into drinkable water
Frederick Janson
Rewards Campaign FAQ Updates 2 Comments 2
The Aquapura 3D-Printed Water Purifier
AQUAPURA HISTORY
Like many people, Frederick Janson had many ideas on how to change the world to make it a better place to live. However, like many people, Frederick needed funds to develop a prototype, but needed a prototype to solicit funds, a paradoxical problem many people with great ideas faced, until 3D printing and crown-funding sites became more accessible and user-friendly.
In November 2013, Frederick Janson discovered that the Sacramento Library system was offering free access to 3D printers, 3D printing design software, and assistance with 3D printing, via a partnership with Design Spot.
Here, Frederick forged a number of wonderful relationships with staff, volunteers, and other 3D designers and learned how to design the first of the many 3D-printed environmental and medical products Frederick would like to design, to make the world a better place, the scalable Aquapura water purifier or solar still.
AN OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE THE WORLD A BETTER PLACE
"The world is a dangerous place to live; not because of the people who are evil, but because of the people who don't do anything about it" - Albert Einstein
Due to increased overpopulation, pollution, global warming, desertification, war, and corruption, the Earth is running out of easily accessible fresh water for drinking and food production.
An estimated 1/8 human beings on Earth don't have enough food to eat or clean water to drink, resulting in 7.6 million deaths per year, 1.5 million of whom are children as per statista.com and statistic brain.com.
According to the United Nations (UN), the lives of 1/7 people, or one billion human beings, are threatened by tropical or temperate desert biomes, characteristic of a gross shortage of water in the form of precipitation, to the extent that 41% of the land areas on Earth are considered deserts.
http://www.un.org/en/events/desertification_decade/whynow.shtml
This project aims to raise funds to 3D-print, and eventually donate, the largest, affordable, green energy-powered, filterless, and durable, community-sized Aquapura water purifier or solar still, the first of its kind in the world, capable of turning dirty or salt water into clean water, for drinking and food production purposes around the world, to be able to begin to solve the global problem of access to clean water for approximately a billion people. The largest 3D printer in the world, currently in China, can 3D-print objects that are about 36' x 36' x 36' or 12m x 12m x 12m, the "stretch" goal of this project, as per the video above.
To raise the funds for this project, we will 3D-print and ship individual-sized (12" x 12" x 18") and group-sized (24" x 24" x 36") Aquapura units anywhere in the world, so that individuals and groups like campers, hikers, beach goers, nature lovers, fishermen, preppers, hunters, military folks, and/or anyone else, can purify saltwater or dirty water, using 3D-printed technology, and the renewable energy of the Sun and heat energy, making away with expensive filters that needs to be land-filled and perpetually replaced.
To raise funds for this project, we will reserve permanent spaces on this first community-sized Aquapura unit, where our supporters will be able to have their name and/or logo permanently 3D-printed on the side and/or top of the first community-sized unit, either in a stand alone manner, where the name and/or logo will take up a whole side or top of the unit, on a first-pledge-first-pick basis, or their name and/or logo will appear with the names and/or logos of others, on a single side of the first community-sized Aquapura unit.
Similarly, to raise funds, we will permanently publish the name and/or logo of our supporters on our website, www.aquapura3d.blogspot.com.
In addition, we will allow our supporters to determine where the first community-sized Aquapura unit will be located for the first, second, third, and fourth year.
Similarly, we will allow our supporters to determine where the first community-sized Aquapura unit will be donated in the world, with some restrictions, for example, it has to be donated to a community in need, a nonprofit organization, or a museum, but the supporter who has this choice will not be allowed to be affiliated in any manner with the organization or community that they choose to donate the unit to.
Last, to raise funds for this project, we will provide our supporters with the 3D printing object file for the Aquapura design for the personal, group, large, and community-sizes.
Our goal is to raise enough money to eventually give this first community-sized unit away to allow others to purify saltwater, and to educate the world about how 3D printing technology can be used to improve the standard of living for a billion people or more on Earth.
Should we drastically overshoot our funding goal, then we will use the excess funds to launch an organization that 3D-prints more affordable individual, group, large (8' x 8' x 16'), and community-sized (36' x 36' x 36') Aquapura units, to make them accessible to those who are most in need. In short, our organizational mission will be to increase the affordable access to clean water on Earth.
This shortage problem doesn't just affect poor countries and poor people, as California, one of the richest areas in the world, has been experiencing with their extreme drought conditions for years. California feeds much of the world with its agricultural sector, which nearly ran out of water this year, with an estimated 80% of water going to industry, despite the fact that California is the most populated state in the fourth most populated country in the world. This has caused water and food shortages and price hikes in not just California, but the world.
If a billion plus thirsty and hungry people on Earth (a large market) had affordable access to purified water (almost every desert in the world, where a billion people live, is connected to a source of saltwater) for drinking and food production, then the G20 (the 20 richest countries) would no longer have to significantly financially-support more than half of the countries in the world, to the same extent that they do. Similarly, the alternative is desalination plants that run on fossil fuels (which increase global warming and thus increasing the area of desserts around the world, and further increases the freshwater crisis on Earth), or nuclear energy (which comes with its own risks to life on Earth, especially with respect to containment, as proven in Fukushima Japan, Three Mile Island, Chernobyl; waste management, as radioactive waste can remain radioactive for thousands of years; and/or the causal link between radioactivity and cancer).
Accordingly, improving the living standards of all the world's people, will result in the retention of significantly more funds for G20 countries, to better the world in a different manner, creating a brighter future for humanity, versus perpetually warring over the resources, like freshwater and food production, required to survive, and in a toxic manner that is threatening to wipe out 75% of the life on Earth.
Aquapura is a global solution.
THE PROTOTYPE TO THE SOLUTION
Having already researched, analyzed, designed, developed, printed, evaluated, and innovated several 3D Aquapura prototypes, the most recent prototype, about 1.5" x 1.5" x 3" or about 3.75cm x 3.75cm x 7.5cm, which is made out of corn-based plastic, was able to separate ocean water (3% salt) into drinking water and salt, within the Aquapura unit, in separate collection chambers.
This unit was tested throughout the month of September 2014 in Sacramento, California, whose summer time temperatures are lower than most of the major deserts of the world. The unit was tested in temperatures ranging from 80-100 degrees F, with humidity ranging from 12-15%, and yielded 3%-10% purified water from the total volume of water added within 1-3 hours.
THE PROTOTYPE DESIGN, EVALUATION, and INNOVATION
A. THE PROTOTYPE DESIGN
X-Ray View of the Aquapura Unit 3D Design
B. AQUAPURA PROTOTYPE I EVALUATION AND INNOVATION
Two halves of the first 3D printed device, in-filled by 3D "support" material, resulting in a block of corn-based plastic
The first Aquapura prototype presented a very important learning opportunity with respect to the employment of "supports" in 3D printing, required to allow 3D printing to build upon a space that is otherwise thin air. Here, supports were employed, and the device was printed with the lid on the unit, versus separately, resulting in the in-filling of the salt and purified water chambers with support material, which was impossible to remove without damaging the unit, using the MakerBot technology that was employed. Other 3D printing technologies print a support material that can be dissolved. Accordingly, the device was cut in half to identify this problem, revealing that a solid block of plastic was printed, instead of a unit with chambers, illustrated above. The solution to this problem was to print the lid and base unit separately.
As illustrated below, as not to waste the first prototype, half of the device was submersed in 3% salt water conditions, to test how long the corn-based plastic will take to lose its form and dissolve, without the use of a protective non-toxic food-safe sealant (illustrated three images below), employed in the final design, or fourth prototype.
One half of the block of corn-based plastic was submersed in salt water and left in the Sun for two months, and the other half was not to serve as a control
Though this is an ongoing experiment, two months later when one half of the first prototype was submerged in saltwater and subjected to sunlight was compared to the half that was not submerged and not subjected to salt water and sunlight, compared by equal force to both (unsuccessful attempted to push the handle of a spoon through both halves with as much force as I could muster in a sitting position), and comparing the fine 3D print textures (illustrated below), there was no observable difference between the two halts, which means that despite being soaked in salt water for two months in sunlight, this had no observable affect on the integrity of the corn-based plastic being used, which means that this plastic is very durable, and not easily dissolvable in water or sunlight.
Two months later, no observable structural differences were observed between the two halves of corn-based plastic. The submerged and Sun-exposed half is on the left.
A non-toxic, food-grade, protective sealant has been applied to the current or fourth prototype, to reduce the risk of 3D materials leaching into the Aquapura units, to prevent leaking, and to protect the unit from environmental exposure, increasing the useful life, and thus value of the Aquapura unit(s), illustrated below.
C. AQUAPURA PROTOTYPE II EVALUATION AND INNOVATION
Aquapura Prototype II: The First Proof of Concept
Above is the second Aquapura prototype unit with drilled versus printed holes (though the holes could have been 3D-printed with little to no difficulty), 3D-printed with an orange base unit, and red lid.
Aquapura Prototype II with Lid and Caulk
As illustrated above, to repeatedly test the 2nd prototype, standard bathroom caulk was employed to seal the input and output holes or ports, and no protective sealant was applied, to see how much water could be purified.
First Proof of Concept: Fresh water droplets can be seen down the center line of the center chamber, and water has pooled at the far end
As illustrated above by the water collected at the far end of the center chamber, and by the concave ceiling-dripped droplet patterns found along the center line of the center chamber, seven different experiments consistently revealed that when subjected to 1-3 hours of direct sunlight and/or combinations of shaded and direct sunlight conditions, when exposed to temperatures of 80F-100F, with 12-15% humidity, that 3-10% of the total initial volume was purified (central chamber), and when tasted, was unsalted, though the initial solution injected into the side/salt/dirty chambers was composed of 3% salt, to mirror the use of ocean water, which has a approximately a 3% salt content by volume.
The final experimental solution: 3% salt water and food dye
Variations of these experiments were repeated a number of different times, and food coloring was added to to the side, saltwater, or "dirty" wells but consistently proved to be absent in the clear and purified captured freshwater found in the central chamber, as illustrated below, where the purple dye was clearly not present in the saltless purified water extracted from the center chamber.
Purified water extracted from the central chamber of a unit that was loaded with the final experimental solution, composed of 3% salt water and purple food coloring
The purified water in the central chamber was void of the fine purple dye, and saltless tasting, and so the experiments and device were considered a huge success! The opportunities to improve included, the unit design was found to leak and so a hard residue seal was used to plug the input and output holes for a few experiments, and a black food-safe sealant was applied to the second prototype, creating the third prototype, illustrated below, which increased the amount of water that was captured, but which did not entirely stop the leaks.
AQUAPURA PROTOTYPE III EVALUATION AND INNOVATION
Hard resin sealant substituted for caulk and black enamel sprayed on unit to prevent leakage
AQUAPURA PROTOTYPE III
This third prototype, illustrated above, employed a hard resin sealant to reduce the leaking caused by the caulk, and a black food-safe enamel was employed to further seal with unit, and though dyed saltwater did yield clear unsalted water, salt crystal were found outside of the unit on the sides and bottom of the unit, which was printed at low resolution or quality, to maximize its size, to stay within the 3 hour print time maximum set forth by the Sacramento Library where the unit was printed for free.
The solution was to redesign and reseal (with a clear sealant - Mod Podge illustrated above) the unit with a significantly thicker floor and walls after the original design proved to have a near paper thin floor, and to print at a higher quality, which increased the density of plastic within the walls and floor of the unit, resulting in prototype IV, below.
AQUAPURA PROTOTYPE IV EVALUATION
The Finalized Design: Clear plastic with a food-safe and soap-safe lacquer
The fourth prototype was printed using a higher quality setting using clear plastic and coated with a non-toxic or food-safe lacquer. It does not leak, captures purified water, and is ready to be printed in many different sizes, focusing on personal size (12" x 12" x 18"), group size (24" x 24" x 36"), large size (8'x 8' x 16'), and community size (36' x 36' x 36'), the last of which is the ultimate stretch goal of this project, supra.
Patent Pending, Frederick Janson, Submitted to USPTO October 2014
The risks and challenges to completing this project include the following.
RISK #1: Not securing enough funding to be able to print a community-sized Aquapura unit.
SOLUTION #1: The goal here is to build as big a water purifier as possible, based on the level of funding, otherwise only limited by the current scale of 3D printing technology, about the size of a 3 story building, so that when the final unit is donated, a community of human beings can use it to derive fresh water from salt or dirty water for a long period of time.
The current prototype, which has been tested and works, is currently big enough to fit in two cusped hands. This hand-sized prototype took 4.5 hours to print in two printing sessions, one 3 hour session for the base unit, and a 1.5 hour print session for the lid.
The next step in the development of this global solution is to print this as big as funding and technology will allow. Accordingly, even if we don't print a 3 story community-sized unit, as illustrated in the video, we will surely be able to print a much larger Aquapura unit than the current prototype, to be able to rehydrate more people than the current prototype more frequently, furthering our ultimate goal, to increase the availability of, and access to, clean water on Earth.
RISK #2: Not being able to access large enough 3D printing technologies.
SOLUTION #2: Extremely large (the size of a one story house or larger) plastic and graphene 3D printing technologies surfaced on the market in 2014 only, and are extremely limited in number, which means the demands for their use are high.
There are now a large number of companies that sell 3D printing technologies and services, but most of these companies don't make 3D printers that use plastic or graphene (preferred printing materials) that print objects larger than about a meter cubed or 3' x3' x 3'. That said, even being able to print off a unit this size would be able to sustain a family in Ethiopia, Sudan, Mexico, or India, all of whom have ample access to seawater and hot environments, but who are truly in desperate need of clean drinking water.
Here, money talks, and so the more funds we can raise, the more likely we will be able to have our project be "prioritized" for mega-sized printing on the few mega-sized plastic or graphene 3D printers currently available in the world, to minimize this risk.
As a last resort, if we are not able to access, use, or buy a building-sized 3D printing technology system in time to meet the deliverables in the rewards section, and/or due to inadequate funding of the project, we will print off family or group-sized units for donation instead, as there are many more companies offering printing services and/or technology at this scale than the building-sized scale machines that are just coming onto the market.
RISK #3: Not being able to print the large-scale 3D Aquapura unit in time to meet the deliveries associated with the rewards.
SOLUTION #3: The largest 3D printing technologies in the world take 10 days upwards to 3/4 of a year to print off a house-sized object, and so a year and two months have been allocated to print off this large-scale Aquapura unit on time to meet all deliverable times communicated in the rewards section.
Also, 3D printing software communicates how long a print will take, prior to printing, and so the print time will be set in such a manner as to be able to make the deliverable times, to minimize this risk.
RISK #4: The community-sized Aquapura unit may be too big to transport.
SOLUTION #4: Here again, the more funding that is ultimately received for this project, the more options will be available for transporting this unit. To hedge this risk of the unit being too large, the Aquapura unit was designed in a box-shaped manner, to be printed in lightweight plastic or graphene, to made it more easy to transport.
The input holes or ports can be used by a crane to load this box-shaped unit onto a boat or flatbed trailer with ease.
As a last resort, 3D printing software allows for a scaling up or down of a printed object, and so depending on the total number of funds raised, the final size of the unit can be scaled to fit the size of a tractor trailer shipping container, which would be a unit size that could support a small community's hydration needs.
That said, the larger the size of the unit, the more people, animals, and/or crops can be hydrated.
RISK #5: Other commitments or projects may interfere with the completion of this project.
SOLUTION #5: To hedge this risk, I can reduce the number of graduate business classes I teach at any point, and I am soley committed to this single project only until it succeeds, afterwhich, I will start on my next project (which will also change the world!).
RISK #6: Unexpected events could derail this project.
SOLUTION #6: Paraphrasing Michael Dell here, "expect to fail 80% of the time, make all of your mistakes as fast as you can, and learn from each mistake, and in the last 20% of your efforts is where you will find success".
Coupling this with a contribution from William Edward Hickson, "Tis a lesson you should heed: Try, try, try again. If at first you don't succeed", supports the need to see this project through, despite unexpected changes in the plan along the way.
Though a work breakdown structure and KPIs will be used to measure the different stages of this project, as Heraclitus once observed, and paraphrasing, "the only thing that is certain is that everything will change", supported by the chaos theory, butterfly theory, entropy, et cetera. As such, it is possible that everything will go as planned, but it is also possible that everything will not go as planned, but quoting William O'Brien, it is "better to try and fail [to find a global solution to the fresh water crisis], than never to try at all".
RISK #7: 3D printing materials may leach toxins into the water purification process.
SOLUTION #7: A non-toxic lacquer will be applied to the inside of the large-scale Aquapura unit, to prevent toxins from leaching into the water purification process. An occasional gentle cleaning with soap and very little water, as well as cleaning out the salt or waste chambers between uses, will significantly hedge the risk of other nasties growing inside the unit.
RISK #8: This design won't work everywhere on Earth all of the time.
SOLUTION #8: This is true. This design won't work everywhere on Earth all of the time, but it will work almost everywhere on Earth, where it needs to work the most, specifically, it will work in densely populated areas hot enough to evaporate water, like most of the major desert regions on Earth.
Everywhere else on Earth, where it is not hot enough to evaporate water, people do not have as much trouble accessing water, precisely because water doesn't evaporate as readily as it does in the hot desert regions on Earth, so these non-desert regions have greater access to water, and sometimes too much access to water, causing excessive rainstorms, snowstorms, ice storms, and seasonal flooding.
Of the major desert regions of the Earth, the Great Basin Desert of the American Southwest, the Peruvian and Atacama Deserts of Western South America, the Patagonia Desert of Eastern South America, the Sahara Desert of Northern Africa, the Arabian Desert of Saudi Arabia, the Turkestan Desert (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan), the Great Indian Desert, the Gobi Desert (China, Tibet, and Mongolia), the Kalahari and Namib Deserts of Southern Africa, and the Australian Deserts, almost all of these lie along a large body of salt water, or not far from a large body of salt water, and almost all of these boast the hottest average annual temperatures on Earth, essentially because they lie within the most concentrated blast zone of the Sun.
The United Nations (UN) has reported that the lives of 1 billion people in 100 countries in the world are threatened by the world's deserts.
Accordingly, the 3D-printed Aquapura water purification system or solar still is ideal for these populated major desert regions, whose mean annual temperatures are the greatest on Earth, and the Aquapura purifier also works in many non-desert regions on a seasonal basis, for example, the Aquapura water purifier will work on the East Coast of the United States or Canada during the summer months, but not in the winter months, a function of insufficient temperature or infrared light.
Risk #9: The Aquapura unit will not yield a fixed quantity of water all of the time.
Solution #9: This risk is similar to risk #8, in that all water purification technologies and solar still technologies depend on variable prevailing temperature, vapor pressure, evaporation pressure, and/or the humidity conditions, in order to work at all.
Unlike most solar still or water purifier makers, I won't make the claim that this unit always produces a given amount of water under all environmental conditions, because that would be misleading. The truth of the matter is that no maker of a water purifier or solar still can make this claim, because of the physical properties of water, and the variable nature of the environment, though many makers of these sorts of devices imply that their devices purify a given quantity of water regardless of the environmental conditions, in a deceiving manner.
This design has proven to work between temperatures of 80F and 100F or 30C to 40C, with 12-15% humidity, but is not limited to these temperatures or humidity, which has in approximately 1-3 hours yielded approximately 3-10% of clear and non-salty water from the total volume of food coloring-dyed saltwater, when subjected to this range of environmental conditions.
The mean annual temperature of deserts around the world is 66F-77F or 20-25F, with highs of 49F or 120C, and lows as cold as -18C or -0.4F, per University of California. The months with higher temperatures are more likely to yield more water faster.
Risk #10: The device will eventually succumb to exposure to the elements.
Solution #10: This is true for pretty much everything on Earth. If you leave anything outside long enough it will eventually be broken down, by the Sun, rain, wind, sand, and/or microbes. The non-toxic food-safe laquer applied to this device protects the device against environmental conditions, but for a limited amount of time, like with anything else left outside on Earth for a long enough period. Accordingly, covering the unit or storing the unit when temperatures are below freezing or excessively hot is recommended. For example, in very hot climates, it is recommended that the unit be covered with shade, as the external temperature of the air alone will be sufficient to cause water to evaporate.
Your name will be permanently 3D-printed on the side of the first community-sized 3D-printed Aquapura water purifier or solar still unit, along with the names of other contributors. The more you contribute, the larger the 3D print, to a maximum size of 36' x 36' x 36', and thus the larger your name will appear.
Your name will be permanently published on our website as a supporter of the 3D-printed solution to world's freshwater crisis. Note, this reward may be received significantly in advance of the delivery date, on a first-pledge-first-publish basis, as early as the day after our Kickstarter campaign ends.
You will be sent the 3D printing "blueprint" design object file for the Aquapura unit, so that you can 3D print a single individual-sized device, 12" x 12" x 18", on your own 3D printer, or the 3D printer of another individual or organization.
Receive an individual-sized 3D-printed 12" x 12" x 18" Aquapura unit. Note, this reward may be received significantly in advance of the estimated shipping date, on a first-pledge-first-receive basis, as early as 30 days from the end of our Kickstarter campaign.
You will be sent the 3D printing "blueprint" design object file for the Aquapura unit, so that you can 3D print a single group-sized device, 24" x 24" x 36", on your own 3D printer, or the 3D printer of another individual or organization.
Your logo will be permanently 3D-printed on the side of the first community-sized 3D-printed Aquapura water purifier or solar still unit, along with the logos of other contributors. The more you contribute, the larger the 3D print, to a maximum size of 36' x 36' x 36', and thus the larger your name will appear. Please note that your logo may or may not be colorless, depending on the type of 3D technology that is ultimately employed in the printing of this Aquapura unit, which is dependent on the ultimate level of funding.
Receive a group-sized 3D-printed 24" x 24" x 36" Aquapura unit. Note, this reward may be received significantly in advance of the estimated shipping date, on a first-pledge-first-receive basis, as early as 30 days from the end of our Kickstarter campaign.
Your logo will be permanently published on our website as a supporter of the 3D-printed solution to world's freshwater crisis. Note, this reward may be received significantly in advance of the delivery date, on a first-pledge-first-publish basis, as early as the day after our Kickstarter campaign ends.
You will be sent the 3D printing "blueprint" design object file for the Aquapura unit, so that you can 3D print a single large-sized device, 8' x 8' x 16', on your own 3D printer, or the 3D printer of another individual or organization.
Pledge $1,000 or more About $1,000
Your name and logo will be permanently 3D-printed on the side of the first community-sized 3D-printed Aquapura water purifier or solar still unit, along with the names and logos of other contributors. The more you contribute, the larger the 3D print, to a maximum size of 36' x 36' x 36' (the current upper limit of 3D printing technology), and thus the larger your name will appear. Please note that your logo may or may not be colorless, depending on the type of 3D technology that is ultimately employed in the printing of this Aquapura unit, which is dependent on the ultimate level of funding.
Your name and logo will be permanently published on our website as a supporter of the 3D-printed solution to world's freshwater crisis. Note, this reward may be received significantly in advance of the delivery date, on a first-pledge-first-publish basis, as early as the day after our Kickstarter campaign ends.
You will be sent the 3D printing "blueprint" design object file for the Aquapura unit, so that you can 3D print a single community-sized device, 36' x 36' x 36', on your own 3D printer, or the 3D printer of another individual or organization.
You will be able to decide where the first community-sized (to a maximum size of 36' x 36' x 36'), 3D-printed Aquapura water purifier or solar still unit will be located for the fourth year, but regardless of its final size, you will be responsible for ensuring that the location you choose does not violate the law. You will be responsible for the cost of shipping and handling from the third year location to the location of your choice for the fourth year. Should the funds raised by this project greatly exceed the largest possible printing size of the first community-sized 3D Aquapura unit, then we will gladly cover the cost of shipping and handling.
You will be able to decide where the first community-sized (to a maximum size of 36' x 36' x 36'), 3D-printed Aquapura water purifier or solar still unit will be located for the third year, but regardless of its final size, you will be responsible for ensuring that the location you choose does not violate the law. You will be responsible for the cost of shipping and handling from the second year location to the location of your choice for the third year. Should the funds raised by this project greatly exceed the largest possible printing size of the first community-sized 3D Aquapura unit, then we will gladly cover the cost of shipping and handling.
You will be able to decide where the first community-sized (to a maximum size of 36' x 36' x 36'), 3D-printed Aquapura water purifier or solar still unit will be located for the second year, but regardless of its final size, you will be responsible for ensuring that the location you choose does not violate the law. You will be responsible for the cost of shipping and handling from the first year location to the location of your choice for the second year. Should the funds raised by this project greatly exceed the largest possible printing size of the first community-sized 3D Aquapura unit, then we will gladly cover the cost of shipping and handling.
You will be able to decide where the first community-sized (to a maximum size of 36' x 36' x 36'), 3D-printed Aquapura water purifier or solar still unit will be located for the first year, but regardless of its final size, you will be responsible for ensuring that the location you choose does not violate the law. You will be responsible for the cost of shipping and handling from the production location (China, US, or Europe) to the location of your choice. Should the funds raised by this project greatly exceed the largest possible printing size of the first community-sized 3D Aquapura unit, then we will gladly cover the cost of shipping and handling.
The first community-sized (to a maximum size of 36' x 36' x 36') 3D-printed Aquapura water purifier or solar still unit will be donated for free to a community in need, a museum, a national park, or non-profit organization of your choice, anywhere in the world, as long as that organization is not your community, museum, national park, or organization, or one you are financially-affiliated with, which might violate the terms of Kickstarter. You will be responsible for the cost of shipping and handling from the fourth year location to the community in need or non-profit organization of your choice. Should the funds raised by this project greatly exceed the largest possible printing size of the first community-sized 3D Aquapura unit, then we will gladly cover the cost of shipping and handling.
Your name and logo will be permanently 3D-printed on the side or top of the first community-sized 3D-printed Aquapura water purifier or solar still unit, and will be the only name and logo found on this side or top of this Aquapura unit, on a first-pledge-first-pick basis. The more you contribute, the larger the 3D print, to a maximum size of 36' x 36' x 36', and thus the larger your name and logo will appear. In the event that the ultimate technology chosen for this project (which is dependent on the ultimate level of funding) does not allow for 3D printing of your logo in color, your 3D-printed logo will be hand-painted in weather-resistant paint, based on your color specifications.
Oct 29, 2014 - Nov 28, 2014 (30 days)


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Cardmapper is a tool to record and augment ideation card based workshops.

## How it works

### 1. Use ideation cards

Use printed ideation cards from one of the decks available here. Set up an ideation workshop and use the cards on a table, flipchart, or wall.

### 2. Turn your ideas into a "Card Map"

Take a photo of the table or wall you've put the cards on, upload it, and match the cards to the database.

### 3. Share your "Card Map"

Make your Card Map public: share the link to take away the outcome of the workshop, and add your Card Map to the database to share your insights with other ideation card users.

## How to try it online?

Go to [cardmapper.eu](http://www.cardmapper.eu/)

## How to install it?

### Requirements

This is an app created with the Python-based Django web framework for the back-end, Bootstrap (presentation), jQuery (effects), and Leaflet (maps) on the front-end.

Django 1.11 is the last version to be compatible with Python 2.7 and will be supported until 2020.
I have used Python 3 throughout development.
I have **not** done anything to make cardmapper compatible with Python 2.
If you need Python 2 compatibility, [check the Django documentation](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/python3/)

If running via Apache and ModWSGI, make sure you install the `libapache2-mod-wsgi-py3` module and **not** the (Python 2-compatible) `libapache2-mod-wsgi-py3`.
If you wish to run it on Windows 10, I strongly recommend using the "Ubuntu on Windows" subsystem.

### Install procedure

1. Clone the repository

```
git clone https://github.com/raphv/cardmapper
cd cardmapper
```

2. Create a virtual environment (you need to install python 3 and virtualenv first), run it and install requirements

```
cd cardmapper
virtualenv -p python3 env
source env/bin/activate
```

3. Copy and modify the settings to suit your requirements and database backend

```
cp src/cardmapper/settings.template.py src/cardmapper/settings.py
nano src/cardmapper/settings.py
```

4. Synchronize the database, create an admin user, create the demo deck and run Django's built-in development server

```
cd src
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py createsuperuser
python manage.py create_demo_deck
python manage.py runserver
```

Connect to `http://127.0.0.1:8000/` or whichever IP/port the server is running on.

Connect to `http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/` to log in and create your own decks and cards.

## Examples of Ideation cards

  * From academic work:
	* [Mixed Reality Game Cards](https://www.pervasiveplayground.com/mixed-reality-game-cards/) by Richard Wetzel (Universities of Nottingham and Lincoln)
    * [Privacy Ideation Cards](https://lachlansresearch.wordpress.com/2015/10/30/privacy-ideation-card-progress/) by Lachlan Urquhart (University of Nottingham)
	* [PLEX Cards](http://www.funkydesignspaces.com/plex/) by Andrés Lucero (University of Southern Denmark and Aalto University)
	* [Envisioning Cards](http://www.envisioningcards.com/) by Batya Friedman (University of Washington) and her colleagues
	* [Design with Intent Cards](http://designwithintent.co.uk/) by Dan Lockton (Royal College of Arts, Carnegie-Mellon University)
	* [Exertion Cards](http://exertiongameslab.org/projects/design-tools-exertion-cards) by Floyd Mueller (RMIT University)
	* [UX Cards](https://uxmind.eu/2016/01/04/ux-cards/) by Carine Lallemand (University of Luxembourg)
	* [IoT Tiles Cards](http://tilestoolkit.io/) by Simone Mora (Norwegian University of Science and Technology)
	* [Security Cards](http://securitycards.cs.washington.edu/) by Tamara Denning and her colleagues (University of Washington)
	* [Growing Data Cards](https://www.horizon.ac.uk/project/growing-data/) by Sarah Martindale, Ben Bedwell (University of Nottingham), Robert Philips and Micaella Pedros (Royal College of Arts)
  * Commercial card sets:
    * [IDEO Method Cards](https://www.ideo.com/post/method-cards)
	* [MethodKit](https://methodkit.com/)

## Newest features

Annotations can be added to card maps.

Self-service account creation has been enabled.
At the moment, you can only use your self-service account to create card maps from existing decks.
If you want to create your own deck, contact me and I'll give your account additional privileges.
Alternatively, clone this repository and set up your own Cardmapper platform.

Deck import scripts have been added.
"Scrapers" to generate decks from existing ideation cards are in a [separate repository](https://github.com/raphv/cardmapper-scrapers/)

## Roadmap

Future work includes:

  * Simplifying tag input with jquery-tagit
  * Adding an authoring interface for decks and cards *(low priority as this is currently available through the admin interface)*
  * Making the database searchable
  * Adding a robust rights management interface *(sharing with a group, sharing through a private URL)*
  * Printing decks from the database
  * Automatic card detection from "card map" images *(using computer vision, with or without the need for printed markers)*

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: How to avoid null checking in a foreach body? How I can avoid the condition inside foreach statements but at same time omit the processing of possible null elements?
public class MyObject
{
    public int Value = 0;

    public MyObject(int value) : base()
    {
        Value = value;
    }
}

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var list = new List<MyObject>()
        {
            new MyObject(1),
            new MyObject(2),
            null,
            new MyObject(4),
            new MyObject(5)
        };

        foreach (MyObject obj in list)
        {
            if (obj != null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(obj.Value);
            }
        }

        list.ForEach(obj =>
        {
            if (obj != null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(obj.Value);
            }
        });
    }
}

A: You can use the OfType method
foreach (MyObject obj in list.OfType<MyObject>())

A: You can't avoid null check if you need to check for null. But you can remove null check from foreach body:
foreach (MyObject obj in list.Where(o => o != null))
    Console.WriteLine(obj.Value);

A: By controlling what is placed inside your lists.  If you don't allow nulls to be added you have nothing to worry about.

A: list.Where(x=>x!=null).ForEach(x=>Console.WriteLine(x.Value));

A: Here: no "check" for null, and yet you don't process null objects.
foreach (var obj in list)
{
    try
    {
        // obj.GetType(); -- if you want to FORCE an NRE, you could do this to avoid any side effects of the next line
        doThingWithObj(obj);
    }
    catch (NullReferenceException)
    {
        // look ma, no null check!
    }
}

Edit: I never stated that this was a good solution to the question.  I only state that it does exactly what the OP wanted.  Frankly, it is a horrible idea to me, but the OP hasn't ever explained why they want what they want.  in really old java performance stuff, the way java set up exceptions meant omitting null checks and catching null pointer exceptions could be hugely more efficient if nulls were very rare (iirc, < 1:1000).  But other than that, I think this is a very bad idea.

A: Another not-very good idea that might be possible:
Use struct instead of class?  Then you're guaranteed to be non-null, and never need null checks.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Cobblers: Matt Duke, Leon McSweeney, Gregor Robertson (sub Evan Horwood 58), Zander Diamond, Mathias Kouo-Doumbe, Chris Hackett, Ricky Ravenhill, Darren Carter, Brennan Dickenson (sub Ian Morris 58), Alan Connell (sub Cristian Lopez 57), Emile Sinclair.
Subs not used: Dean Snedker, Ivan Toney, Ben Tozer, Gary Deegan.
AFC Wimbledon: Ross Worner, Barry Fuller, Andy Frampton (sub Will Antwi 74), Alan Bennett, George Francomb (sub Chris Arthur 78), Sammy Moore, Jack Midson, Charlie Wyke (sub Luke Moore 74), Aaron Morris, Michael Collins, Tom Richards.
Subs not used: Peter Sweeney, Harry Pell, Seb Brown, Jake Nicholson.
Leon McSweeney and Brennan Dickenson both came back into the side with new loan signing, Tranmere defender Evan Horwood, named on the bench.
AFC Wimbledon took the lead on 14 minutes, George Francomb shooting the ball home from a Michael Collins cut-back.
As the Dons enjoyed a good spell of pressure it was nearly 2-0 on 20 minutes when McSweeney's clearance came back off the crossbar before Aaron Morris saw his follow-up effort blocked.
The Cobblers were awarded a penalty on 27 minutes with Jack Midson shown a straight red card for deliberate handball. Darren Carter stepped up to score from the spot and level matters.
After a quiet start to the second half Chris Wilder made a triple change just before the hour mark, Cristian Lopez, Ian Morris and Evan Horwood coming on for Alan Connell, Brennan Dickenson and Gregor Robertson.
Sinclair saw a header go wide from a Carter corner while Matt Duke denied Collins with a smart save.
Darren Carter put the Cobblers in front with a terrific strike on 78 minutes, the midfielder scoring from 25-yards after some good work by Morris.
There was to be a late sting in the tail though with Sammy Moore scoring from close range deep into the six minutes of stoppage time.


ATHENS, Ga. – A major enhancement to the west end zone of Sanford Stadium — 120,000 square feet of new and improved space that will include a new locker room for the Bulldogs, room to host and entertain prospects on game day, a larger video board and a new plaza for game day fans — was approved by the University of Georgia Athletic Association Board of Directors during its quarterly meeting here Tuesday.
The construction project, which is expected to take approximately 17 months to complete, is estimated to cost $63 million. In order for the enhancements to be ready for the 2018 football season, initial work needs to begin by April of 2017, according to J. Reid Parker Director of Athletics Greg McGarity.
The Georgia football team currently occupies a dressing room at the opposite (east) end of Sanford Stadium, and the Bulldogs use it only as a staging room for pre-game, halftime and post-game activities. When completed, the new dressing room at the west end will offer fully-equipped locker and shower facilities for the Bulldogs, nearly doubling the amount of available square footage.
Directly above the new locker room will be a hospitality lounge, covering over 10,500 square feet, used exclusively for hosting prospects and their guests on game days. The lounge will be the first of its kind at Sanford Stadium for the Georgia football program.
The new plaza — replacing all existing entrances into the stadium's west end — will offer fans a dramatically improved game-day experience.
The project will now be presented for discussion by the University System of Georgia Board of Regents at its meeting on March 15 in Atlanta.
• An introduction by McGarity of three new key staff members: volleyball coach Tom Black, Executive Associate Athletic Directors Matt Borman and Josh Brooks.
• McGarity announced that over $36 million was raised through the Magill Society, which was launched in September of 2015 and now includes over 475 donors.
• Construction projects approved at the Athletics Board meeting in the spring of 2016 — improvements to Stegeman Coliseum, the Boyd Golf Center and the Jack Turner Soccer Complex — remain on schedule and on budget. Additionally, constructions projects in the near future include the resurfacing of Spec Towns track and the building a second video control room to maintain compliance with requirements of SEC and ESPN broadcasting standards.
• A glowing academic report from Faculty Athletic Representative David Shipley. UGA student-athletes compiled an overall GPA of 3.06 for Fall Semester 2016, their highest-ever for a fall term.


I used to watch a ton of French movies, so I get it's fitting that I should every so often take up Hollywood mainstreamers with a minimal association with France – Papillon here and The Day of the Jackal there. (Circumstantially, these two movies share another trademark which is a remarkable inverse of the Hollywood standard – there is no affection enthusiasm for either.) Or perhaps not. No one will confound Franklin J. Schaffner with Truffaut, Godard, or Varda.
Whatever; here I need to discuss one little extend of this long film, and that is the end credits, which bargain not exactly an entire two minutes. This arrangement nearly influences me to surmise that Schaffner really arranged a ton of the mistakes so as to have them work working together with the credits toward the end as a sort of reflexitivity.
As Papillon glides in the sea on his alternative pontoon after his challenging bounce from the precipices, a storyteller to this point missing is sent in from the universe to illuminate us that he got away, carried on with whatever is left of his life in flexibility, and outlasted the infamous French punitive settlement. It isn't obvious to me what the preferred standpoint is of having a storyteller bash in as a uninvited visitor like this, and putting the message in content on the screen would have been similarly as meddling and diverting. Maybe Schaffner felt the fact of the matter was excessively troublesome, making it impossible to get crosswise over with more scenes in a "show, don't tell" sort of way. Maybe more scenes would have made a long motion picture considerably more, and in this manner somewhat less industrially practical. Whatever the case, I think the predictable severing of the suspension of incredulity, regardless of whether deliberate or not, sets up the pictures that go with the credits at last in another and diverse way since watching the end credits turns into an imperative piece of understanding this motion picture.
I've frequently pondered what level of a crowd of people really sits and watches the last credits without popping the circle out or leaving the theater. It must be low, and that is on the grounds that an authoritative conclusion to the film has more often than not as of now been appeared on the screen. No one considerations who the gaffer or the third aide executive is. However, here, as we watch the pictures of the relinquished jail – purge structures dissolved by time and shrouded in unsupervised vegetation – the hugeness of the assignment that Papillon embraced, his mission for flexibility, becomes bigger and bigger in our psyches. What number of us could coordinate his enthusiasm? The number is likely littler than the quantity of us who sit through the end credits.
This is a film brimming with activity and brutality, which essentially makes for realistic scenes. However, Schaffner likewise has an eye for the sort of more downplayed, nuanced scene that a lesser chief wouldn't consider arranging. For instance, in a scene demonstrating the yard of the famous jail the camera begins on a little reptile sitting on the bursting hot top of the building. A scene delineating a butterfly chase gives careful consideration to the vacillating bugs endeavoring to evade the nets. In a scene in which the detainees initially land on the island a hoard is indicated cheerfully coming in the mud in the base left of the screen. Et cetera.
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The winning numbers for this weeks Goldmine Lotto are 11, 22, 25 and 27. There was no jackpot winner and no runners up.
The new jackpot is £4,550 and will be drawn in The Corner Shop, Cellardyke on Wednesday 3rd April at 12.30pm.


text:
National consumer protection laws one step closer
by Andrew Morrison, Sara Dennis, Mary Sheargold
Australian governments have agreed to introduce a national, cohesive framework for consumer protection laws.
As part of a jam-packed agenda, the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) meeting in Perth on 2 October took the next steps towards implementing plans for a national, cohesive framework for consumer protection laws in Australia.
This is the latest in a series of steps taken by COAG and the Ministerial Council of Consumer Affairs in light of the Productivity Commission's Review of Australia's Consumer Policy Framework report which was handed down earlier this year. One of the key outcomes of the Ministerial Council's 15 August 2008 meeting was to provide high level support for the Productivity Commission's proposals, and a range of reforms were proposed.
These included:
adopting a uniform national consumer law (based on the provisions of the Trade Practices Act 1974 (Cth)), incorporating amendments "reflecting best practice in state and territory legislation"
implementation of a single consumer policy objective across all Australian governments
provision for joint enforcement of the new laws by both the ACCC and State and Territory fair trading offices
providing a mechanism for judging unfair contract terms in standard form contracts (ie. non-negotiated contracts)
enhancing the enforcement powers for the new laws by providing civil pecuniary penalties (eg. recovery of profits from illegal conduct)
measures to enable regulators such as the ACCC to bring representative actions (class actions) on behalf of consumers not party to court proceedings; and
improving information sharing, to result in better informed consumers, and more clear channels of communication between federal and state/territory regulators.
COAG has now paved the way forward for widespread legislative reform with its apparent endorsement of these recommendations in Perth. The communiqué states that "COAG also agreed to a new consumer policy framework comprising a single national consumer law based on the Trade Practices Act 1974, drawing on the recommendations of the Productivity Commission and best practice in State and Territory consumer laws, including a provision regulating unfair contract terms."
"The new national consumer law will deliver on COAG's commitment to a seamless national economy by providing a uniform and higher level of protection for Australian consumers and addressing weaknesses in existing laws. The new policy framework will improve consumer law enforcement powers, reduce compliance costs for business and increase access to information regarding dispute resolution and consumer issues."
We understand that both COAG and the Ministerial Council are keen to see these reforms introduced swiftly, with efforts being made to see the changes implemented by the end of 2011. We expect further developments when COAG next meets on Monday 17 November 2008.


Need I say more, was January a busy diaper cake month or what? It's funny I was so glad that my little ones grew out of diapers and now I am back buying them, thankfully not for me! I think since I have made so many of these I will start charging for these. If you know of anyone that wants one the price starts at $50 for these bigger ones which have a box of size 3 diapers and at least 96 diapers. And yes, the new parent can use all the diapers that are in the cake. I will be making some smallers that will start at $30.
This was my first diaper cake done a few years ago.
This is just a few diaper cakes that I have done in the past year. Thanks to my dear husband it doesn't take us long to get it done; he helps me roll the diapers. These cakes also come with lots of prayer. I love making these and each one is unique.
Yes, it's been over a year since I have been on here. Life happens. I am going to try to do better this year and keep up to date more often. Hopefully, I can get some pictures on here of some of the things I have been up to. I think that you will like some of my projects that I have completed. Until later, ta-ta for now.
First let me start off by saying I am so sorry that it has taken me so long to post. We have had one thing after another to happen to our computer and then busy, busy, busy with the kids. What a summer!
Oh my goodness! Does this say anything about this book or what? This was a great read, especially if you are in the medical field and a Christian, you will love it! This book keeps you wondering about Dr. Camille Weller and her life. What truly made her want to become a surgeon? Will she really become one of the boys? Does she find her true love? What haunts her and keeps her awake at night? Does she find the answers to all of these or not? You will have to read it to see.
Dr. Kraus has done a great job with this book. His expertise and knowledge of the mission field is a great assest. He keeps you wondering what will happen next; these are the type of books that I just love. Thank you Dr. Kraus for covering the medical, mission, and the spiritual fields in this book. You have done a great job with all the gifts that God has given you.
O.k. I am doing a blog tour on a wonderful book that I have read. This is my first time doing this so be patient with me.
The title of the book is "Becoming Lucy" by Martha Rogers. This is a book about Christianity, love, and the Old West all wrapped up in one. I love this book it keeps your interest from the very beginning. It's one of those books you don't want to put down because you want to see want is going to happen next. It is so vivid in detail that you feel like you are there witnessing everything for your self.
Thank you Ms. Rogers for putting out such a wonderful book and may God bless you for spreading his word and allowing him to work through you.
Well I hope everyone has had a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year, I know that we have. I want to start off this first blog of the new year by saying thank you to all of you who have been there for us this past year.
Many people would call what we went through a bad time, but we call it a learning time. God taught me so much during Michael's unemployment. One of the best things that He taught me was to be content with what you have and enjoy it. Before this I was never satisfied with what I had. I always wanted more and thought the more I had the happier I would be and the more people would like me. The truth is the more that I tried to obtain the more depressed and unhappy I became. When I could not obtain the things I wanted when I wanted them then I became more unhappy. It took Michael's being laid off to make me realize that it wasn't things that I needed but God and the love that He wants to share with me and then in turn give to others. When I started giving love to others, true love, I started getting true love back in abundance. I now know what being a true friend is all about and how to be one. I have also learned that God will put people in your path sometimes as a test to see how you will do. On this we just have to do the best we can and listen to what God would say to us during this time and do it. If we show unconditional love towards people and not things then we will get unconditional love back. Isn't that pretty cool? Things cannot give anything back. We eventually get tired of them and want more. Think about it, when you smile at someone don't they usually smile back. With love it's the same thing, you give it, you get it in return. This is more important than any thing can do for us and God can show us how to obtain it free of charge. Think of all the money that you can save. Now, I am not saying quit buying things. We all like our toys in life and each of us has the little kid inside of us that is so excited when we get something new that we can't wait to play with it. And I believe that God put that there. We just need to realize that things cannot and will not ever do for us what God can. He freely loves us no matter what. If we want to call ourselves Christian then shouldn't imitate this?
If there is anyone still reading, I apologize for not having posted in so long. I have been in somewhat of a funk, since Michael lost his job. But I know that God is good and He is our provider. Just let me let you in on what God has done for us during this time. We have had so many blessings that I can't even count them and they have shown up in various ways. We have had people to give us checks out of the clear blue, we have been able to pay all of our bills without being late and even continuing to pay extra on Michael's truck (Dave Ramsey's snowball), we have been blessed by friends who have carried us out to eat, friends who have paid for me to have special little girly things done, and most of all our family has really pulled together throughout this whole thing. Some of our family paid for us to go on vacation, some bought us groceries, and some paid for the kids to do things that otherwise they wouldn't have gotten to do. I thank God for all that He has done through all of this. When I thought there would be no way that we were going to pay our bills that month, God would show up and show out! For those who wonder about God let me tell you, He is the only reason we have made it through all of this. He is the one who we leaned on, cried out to, and most of all learned from. God has taught us so much about finances while going through this time in our lives. I thank Him everyday, now when I get up whether it is cloudy and rainy or the sun is shining. I have drawn closer to him and our marriage has been made stronger due to this. I no longer have the fear of saying no we can't do this or that because we don't have the money, I now relish the fact that we don't really need this or that. I have realized how little we can live off of. I love the relationship that I have with my husband and my heavenly father now because both have been made stronger. Our family has been made stronger due to this. God has not only provided but lots of times over provided. You know there is a saying that goes; It's not about waiting for the storm to pass, but learning to dance in the rain; well I am dancing through this all the way to the feet of my Father. Thank you God for all that you have taught me and are still teaching me through all of this. God, you are so wonderful, gracious, and loving. I pray that every person that reads this will have a new understanding of who God is and what He wants to do in their lives. I pray that they too will start dancing in the rain, it can be lots of fun.
My little monkeys on Easter Sunday. Morgan is wearing the Easter dress that I made for her, my first sewing project. Lots of prayer went into this dress.
Thank you for stopping by my blog. I hope you enjoy and like what you see. I do take special orders and you can e-mail me about prices. I am a Mammo/X-ray Tech. one day a week as well as a SAHM the rest of the time. I try to live as close as I can to the Proverbs 31 woman and hope that my children will call me blessed and my husband will praise me for I have done what I was created to do. I love God, my family, my Cricut and this crazy insane gift of scrapbooking and crafting that God has given me. I hope that you leave my blog with inspiration to craft and a smile on your face! Have fun looking!


text:
Q: How to set style for first level child in treetableview I want to set the top border just for all the first child so that for one child the data looks in one row.
but I'm unable to set the id for those rows. I tried the following code but it didn't help.
final PseudoClass firstRowClass = PseudoClass.getPseudoClass("first-child");

devWorkTabBenchtable.setRowFactory(new Callback<TreeTableView<DevWorkTabBench>, TreeTableRow<DevWorkTabBench>>() {

    @Override
    public TreeTableRow<DevWorkTabBench> call(TreeTableView<DevWorkTabBench> param) {
        TreeTableRow<DevWorkTabBench> row = new TreeTableRow<>();
        row.treeItemProperty().addListener(new ChangeListener<TreeItem<DevWorkTabBench>>() {
            int i = 0;

            @Override
            public void changed(ObservableValue<? extends TreeItem<DevWorkTabBench>> observable, TreeItem<DevWorkTabBench> oldValue, TreeItem<DevWorkTabBench> newValue) {
                if (i < param.getRoot().getChildren().size()) {
                    row.pseudoClassStateChanged(firstRowClass, newValue == param.getRoot().getChildren().get(i));
                }
                i++;
            }
        });
        return row;
    }
});

What should I use? please guide me.

A: Try this
treeTableView.setRowFactory( new Callback<TreeTableView<DevWorkTabBench>, TreeTableRow<DevWorkTabBench>>()
{
    @Override
    public TreeTableRow<DevWorkTabBench> call( TreeTableView<DevWorkTabBench> param )
    {
        TreeTableRow<DevWorkTabBench> row = new TreeTableRow<>();
        row.treeItemProperty().addListener( new ChangeListener<TreeItem<DevWorkTabBench>>()
        {
            @Override
            public void changed( ObservableValue<? extends TreeItem<DevWorkTabBench>> observable, TreeItem<DevWorkTabBench> oldValue, TreeItem<DevWorkTabBench> newValue )
            {
                row.pseudoClassStateChanged( firstRowClass, param.getRoot().getChildren().contains( newValue ) );
            }
        } );
        return row;
    }
} );

How can I apply multiple pseudo classes for different levels?

You can get the valueProperty of the TreeItem and decide which css class to apply:
DevWorkTabBench bench = newValue.getValue();

row.pseudoClassStateChanged( thirdLevelClass, bench.getLevel() == 3 );
// or
row.pseudoClassStateChanged( MyCSSUtils.getClassByLevel(bench.getLevel()), true );


Dura Supreme Cabinetry currently has positions open in our Finish Department. These positions include preparing parts for the finishing process, applying stains and paints to the product, and preparing the finished parts for the assembly process. This position is responsible for applying toner or topcoat material on cabinet parts or applying various stains, sealers and spray-ons, including wiping to matching color. This position requires handling a large amount of product materials and should be detail oriented with a keen eye for defects ensuring the products meet Dura Supreme's quality standards. The Finishing department uses various equipment including hand tools, spray guns, staple guns, and other equipment or machinery.
Ability to verify correct color variations to Dura Supreme's color specifications.