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Small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia are expected to contribute more than 40% to country's gross domestic product (GDP) by 2020. High demand for halal products and services further increases the role of SMEs in the economy. Thus, SMEs are urged to get halal certification to seize lucrative opportunities in the global halal sectors. To ensure that the whole production process is halal, SMEs halal operators are to apply Islamic financial planning not only in production process but also in the source of financing and investing activity. This study explores the knowledge, acceptance and application of Islamic financial planning among SMEs halal operators in Selangor. The findings suggest that there are significant relationship between knowledge, acceptance and application of Islamic financial planning among SMEs halal operators in Selangor. This relationship recognizes the importance of knowledge and practice of Islamic financial planning among SMEs halal operators to promote halal products and services and to boost demand for Malaysian halal products image at the international level.


Course Topics Cryptographic program obfuscation allows a party to take in a program description P and create an "obfuscated" version of it. This new program behaves equivalently to the original program, but provably leaks as little as possible about its internals. For many years achieving expressive and secure program obfuscation remained an elusive goal. However, less than two years ago the first mathematically sound candidates appeared. Since then obfuscation has taken the cryptographic research world by storm. In this course we will learn about what obfuscation is, how we can build it and what we can do with it. The course will focus on recent research work in the area.
Office Hours: Tuesday 3:00-4:00, Friday 3:00 - 4:00.


How Can You Change the World . . . and Change Your Health?
Directed by Head Coach Bob Babb, the members of Johns Hopkins' men's baseball team have become angels in our outfield. Indeed, they have made volunteering in the community an integral part of their training regimen.
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A large number of users have been experiencing lag while playing Blizzard's hit first-person shooter, Overwatch. To try and combat the issues, a new update has gone live which is designed to fix the problem for players with slower connections.
Due to the way the servers work, it would try and create a party out of everyone playing the game. Unfortunately, this would cause issues within the game for the people with slower Internet connections. After this update, the game should be much smoother for everyone.
The goal is to adjust the game for players with slower connections to keep their matches smooth and reliable. The heroes will now be rendered more accurately in their respective locations, meaning the client should experience much less lag.
"Ultimately the thing you need to keep in mind is that, if your connection isn't keeping up, don't worry about it, we'll downgrade you appropriately[...] Everything is going to work out perfectly fine on that front."
The new update isn't just set to improve the experience for weaker connections, it's also implemented changes to enhance the gameplay for all players. Taking notes from the competitive community, they've increased the game's 'tick rate'. This is basically how many actions are communicated to the server per second. They've increased the rate from 21hz up to 63hz, meaning gamers should experience a far smoother experience.
As of now, the changes to how the different bandwidths are handled only affect the PC version of the game. Blizzard is still working on a way to implement these changes on the PS4 and Xbox One.
So, whether you're a competitive gamer or someone struggling to play the game without lagging, this update has got everything covered. It seems Blizzard has listened to the community and responded to their requests, which you don't see too often nowadays. Have you noticed a change in gameplay since the update? Let us know in the comments.
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PRDB8 is a manifold mount, high accuracy, single stage diaphragm pressure regulator. The PRDB8-AN1-B-CDE regulator sets an industry standard for both miniaturisation and light weight. It is a manifold mount version of Beswick PRDB pressure regulator with a patented pending valve mechanism designed to provided high precision/high seal reliability at low flows and at low pressures. It is an excellent choice for low flow gas and pneumatic pressure regulation applications and is particularly useful when space and weight are critical. The PRDB weighs approx 25 gm in stainless steel. The PRDB8-AN1-B-CDE non-relieving regulator controls output pressures from 0 to 30 psig and is especially suited to low flow/low pressure regulation such as ½ psig. Maximum inlet supply pressure is 500 psig. The inlet is a 10-32 UNF external thread and the outlet port is through a 0.050" diameter hole at the base of the regulator body. Applications include hydrogen fuel cells, medical equipment, instruments, laboratory equipment, ink jet print engines, and semiconductor manufacturing equipment. The material of construction is 303 stainless steel, and seals made of Buna-N. Optional materials: EPDM and Viton®. Beswick Engineering designs and manufactures high-performance miniature fluid power components, such as: fittings, cylinders, valves, quick disconnects, pressure regulators, orifices, tubing, etc. The company custom design products to meet specific requirements.


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How the New Emissions Scheme will Affect Car Buyers in SG
On 8 March 2017, the Minister for Environment and Water Resources Masagos Zulkifli announced a new Vehicular Emissions Scheme, or VES, during the Budget this year. As outlined in the joint media release of the National Environment Agency (NEA) and the Land Transportation Authority (LTA), the new scheme is set to replace the current Carbon Emissions-Based Vehicle Scheme (CEVS) for all new cars, taxis, and newly imported cars with effect from 1 January 2018. It takes into account four additional pollutants in the criterion to reduce harmful vehicular emissions in Singapore. Along with the revised criterion, the new scheme will also establish new banding rebates and surcharges. In this article, we help break down how this new emissions scheme will affect your plan of getting a new car in 2018.
Unlike the CEVS that only account for carbon-based emissions, the Vehicular Emissions Scheme aims to improve the current system by including other harmful vehicle pollutants such as hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). The higher emission standards in the VES are designed to encourage car buyers to choose lower emission vehicles to further improve ambient air quality and thereby improving public health – in line with Singapore's Air Quality Targets and Climate Change Goals.
With this, the VES will also enact new banding rebates or surcharges for a car or taxi determined by its worst performing pollutant. See table below for the corresponding rebates and surcharges for the VES bands.
Source: Land Transport Authority. (2017). Joint Media Release by the Land Transport Authority (LTA) & NEA – New Vehicular Emissions Scheme to Replace Carbon-Emissions Vehicle Scheme from 1 January 2018. Retrieved from https://www.lta.gov.sg/apps/news/page.aspx?c=2&id=08685840-d664-4713-9ccb-96dcd8936d08
Since most taxis clock in higher mileage than cars, rebates and surcharges for taxis under the scheme will be 50 percent higher. This is to encourage taxi companies to adopt lower emission models for their fleet.
How It Affect Car Prices?
With nearly half of current car models in Singapore in the neutral or surcharge band, the VES is definitely going to drive most car costs up. The Toyota Prius, one of the most eco-friendly car models in Singapore, is banded under the highest rebate ($30,000) in the present CEVS. In the new scheme, the Prius' current engine specifications will be under the neutral band, which may discourage some car buyers from getting it. Cars with diesel engines may also be affected the new emissions scheme. Despite producing less carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions compared to petrol engines, diesel engines produce more harmful pollutants such as nitrogen oxide (NOx) and fine particulate matter (PM). Electric cars are the only vehicles likely qualify for the $20,000 rebate, while other small hybrids (like the Hyundai Ioniq) can qualify for the $10,000 rebate.
To aid potential car buyers make informed decisions before purchasing, fuel economy labels are set to be redesigned to include information on the car model's VES band. The new labels are expected to be implemented starting 1 January 2018. With these new emission standards, car manufacturers and importers are likely to bring in cleaner car models to Singapore.
Although the VES may lessen the demand for new cars next year, the long term benefits of this scheme will greatly benefit Singapore as a whole. It will better ambient air quality and thereby improve public health.
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NOTE: Car specifications listed in the article are based on the car specifications available in the market today. It may alter over time.
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Don Decoteau says:
Thanks for sharing this. The Vehicular Emissions Scheme aims to improve the current system
Kit Kat says:
Can you share more about how each model of car will be affected?
Contact us says:
Hi Kit Kat,
The VES only affects cars which are registered here from Jan 1 2018. The VES will have two bands – rebate of either $10,000 or $20,000, and surcharge of either $10,000 or $20,000.
To find out about how the VES will affect the various car models, you can check the VES label that should be on every new car, listing its fuel consumption figure and VES banding. You can also use the Land Transport Authority's Fuel Cost Calculator to get an idea of a car's banding.
Alan Lim says:
Why buyer had to bear the additional VES cost if the manufacturers / distributors bring in cars that did not meet the regulations?
Should not the distributors be liable in absorbing the additional cost?
VES is a government rebate and not a cost imposed by vehicle manufacturers. Any additional cost you have experienced is a result of a lower rebate and not an additional cost from the manufacturers or distributors.
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New Norfolk
infoNew Norfolk Info
hotelNew Norfolk Accommodation
New Norfolk is a historic town which used to be called Elizabeth Town until the settlers arrived from Norfolk Island. New Norfolk is 35km northwest of Hobart and lies on the Derwent River.
New Norfolk has been the centre of the hop-growing area of Tasmania for years and some of the original oast houses (kilns) still remain today. An Oast House has been converted into a museum with a gift shop and tea rooms called 'The Oast House Hop Museum'. Located on the Lyell Highway it provides an insight into the processes hop farmers used throughout the Derwent Valley and hosts interesting displays.
Next to the Oast House is the elegant residence of 'Tynwald'. The huge three storey house looks over the Derwent Valley and was first used in the 1800's by one of the districts earliest settlers, John Terry. It has since been extended with an added tower, bay window and verandah.
The Old Colony Inn has a distinctly English feel to it and is thought that it's original structure dates back as far as 1815 when it was a single storey hop cellar. Then during the mid 1830's the building was extended and another storey added. Originally a private home, later a coffee and crafts shop but it is now a popular museum, restaurant and a bed and breakfast.
Up the road from the Old Colony Inn is the famous Bush Inn. The Bush Inn claims to be the oldest continuously licenced premises in the country. This hotel became famous in the 1920's when Dame Nellie Melba sang from its balcony.
The St Matthew Anglican Church was built in the early 1800's and is one of the towns most impressive buildings. It has undergone many alterations over the years and, among other features, now hosts gorgeous stained glass windows.
Approximately 11km upstream from New Norfolk, in Plenty, are the famous Salmon Ponds. The Salmon ponds are settled in charming gardens and well-maintained lawns. Having been open since the mid 1860's there is an abundance of history here too.
Destinations within Hobart
Battery Point Hobart Kingston
Richmond Taroona
Hobart Info
+ Battery Point
+ Kingston
+ New Norfolk
+ Richmond
+ Taroona
Hobart Highlights
+ Salamanca Place


So I bought this Drinkwell fountain, for $50, and I change the filters and clean it and fill it up and put ice cubes in it and he STILL won't drink out of the flippin thing.
I've had a flippin party when he actually deigns to drink from the fountain. Treats and praise galore.
I just don't know what else to do and it's driving me crazy!
Then I read on this forum that I visit how everyone drops everything whenever their dog wants attention. Seriously? I love my Max but I do have things I have to do, and if I stopped every time he wanted attention, I'd play with him all day long. I wouldn't mind doing that, but laundry doesn't fold itself and eventually it does have to be done. I guess I'll stay away from that forum for a bit, I can lay enough guilt on myself without reading about how other people are way better dog owners than I am.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged dogs, stress, water. Bookmark the permalink.
Cookie loves her drinkwell fountain. Of course, she'll drink water out of ANYTHING. For example, the shower stall after my bath (ew). Any container on the patio that has any water in it at all…. even if it's weeks old (um… ewwww). Today she lapped water off the plants I'd just watered. Weird cat. I hope Max gets with the program soon.
Oh, he'll drink anything outside. Inside, however, nope, he just refuses. Drives me nuts.


Played a total of 546 times by 113 registered members. Finished by 111 users who rated the difficulty as easy.
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Why the Next Coronavirus Relief Package Must Have Aid for Cities | Cities
America's cities are hurting. Our nation is battling the twin challenges of a public health crisis precipitated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the disastrous economic fallout that it has wrought on our communities. In fact, research from the National League of Cities shows that nearly 100% of cities will see a revenue decline this year.
To meet these outsized needs, cities need Congress to act. We need legislation passed that gets America closer to a full national economic recovery with direct federal aid right now – and the HEALS Act recently unveiled by the Senate provides exactly zero additional dollars to support our nation's cities. Local governments are calling for $500 billion in direct federal funding to protect families, municipal workers and America's economic future.
How can we truly reopen the economy if we aren't providing support to the places where we all live, where commerce takes place, where children go to school, and where the new ideas that drive our economy are created?
"We are at a critical junction," Pittsburgh Mayor Bill Peduto said at a recent press conference held by NLC and the United States Conference of Mayors. "As we look into the future of economic recovery, there will not be a recovery if cities are left to die."
Local funding should not be a partisan battle, where one political party is supporting funding for our nation's hometowns and the other is more focused on liability protections for business, but we are clearly seeing divergent priorities in the Senate and House.
Mayors don't have time for this type of politics right now. As Mayor Van R. Johnson of Savannah, Georgia, said during the press conference, "Our hometowns are at risk, we cannot keep fighting Congress and the administration for funding while we are too busy fighting economic ruin."
Cities are America, and America needs help. Mayors were among the first to respond to the pandemic by instituting stay-at-home orders and doing what was necessary to flatten the curve. And they continue to be on the front lines – together with the essential workers, the fire, sanitation, public safety, and public health employees – guiding our cities through this storm.
Cities support a large public workforce, with payroll, retirement and workers compensation accounting for nearly half of their budgets. But with the onset of the public health crisis, cities have taken on unprecedented increases in unbudgeted COVID-19-related expenditures. In our latest survey, 74% of cities have already been forced to make unavoidable cuts in response to these expenditures. At least 32% of cities indicate that they will have to furlough or lay off more employees without additional federal support, adding to the 1.5 million public sector jobs lost since March. This poses a serious threat to city budgets, with grave implications for staff and services.
Infrastructure has taken a particularly hard hit. City expenditures for infrastructure typically go toward electric, gas, transit and water utilities, as well as sewerage and solid waste management. But these expenditures are being dramatically altered. NLC found that 65% of cities are being forced to cancel or delay infrastructure projects. Detroit, Michigan, cut its demolition funding by 80%, totaling $40 million, thereby shelving capital improvement projects and delaying the demolition of some 20,000 abandoned buildings. Fargo, North Dakota, slashed its improvement budget by $7 million, even though the city engineer indicated many of these projects are "shovel ready." And, Round Rock, Texas, postponed nearly $3 million of capital improvement projects related to park improvements and public safety training enhancements.
Cities are also struggling with how to tackle homelessness and housing affordability during a time in which municipal budgets are enormously strained. Cities are doing the best that they can, but the mortgage and rental forbearances put in place to help during the pandemic are rapidly coming toward a close, and the number of potentially new homeless could rise exponentially.
As some places have begun shuttering or restricting economic activity again or are moving in that direction, the vast majority of Americans are worried the pandemic will drastically impact the local economy. If our hometowns are not helped in this time of need, what will make up the fabric of America?
Cities are essential, and they will do what is necessary to provide people with the confidence to support our economy and thrive. But they can't do it alone. Congress must meet this moment with what is needed to thrive – and invest in our communities through the current legislation being debated right now.
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The Oklahoma City Utilities Department is set to shut off water service for overdue accounts in February after pausing all
WASHINGTON (CNS) — Saying the nation "reverently pauses in supplication to remember and to pray for the many thousands of
Impact of COVID-19 on Advanced Battery Market 2021 | Size, Growth, Demand, Opportunities & Forecast To 2027 | China BACK Battery, GS Yuasa Corporation, Honda, Hitachi Maxell, Kodak – KSU
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We did Tunnels of London with four forty-somethings, two college age adults an 11-year-old and a 9-year-old. It was amazing. The young ones were absolutely able to contribute and it was super challenging for the rest of us. The story, craftsmanship and creativity that went into this escape experience were so impressive. Even though we failed to escape, we had a terrific time trying. We will be back to try the other room!
For several days, London has had massive power outages and chaos is everywhere! If power is not restored, there is a possibility of a nuclear meltdown or explosion that will completely demolish all of London! You and your team will need to work together to restore the power.
Reviews of escape game "Tunnels Under London"
Top escape room experience in area! Would rate number one of a dozen escape rooms I've done because the owner and creator Tony really put a lot of imagination to the room with minimum outside influences. You need an open mindset going to the room. Good luck!
What a wonderful expertise me, my wife and kids (ages 8 and 11) had. We were a little escape room challenged and needed an embarrassing large number of hints, but the owner was fantastic and willing to help us along. The facility is amazing, and we had an absolutely blast on the Tunnels Under London room. We will be back to try the other room.


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Previous Issues - Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology
Previous Issues - Diagnostic Molecular Pathology (1992-2013)
Home > September 2018 - Volume 26 - Issue 8 > Discordance Rate in Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor...
Thought you might appreciate this item(s) I saw at Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology.
Discordance Rate in Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, HER2 Status, and Ki67 Index Between Primary Unifocal and Multiple Homogenous Breast Carcinomas and Synchronous Axillary Lymph Node Metastases Have an Impact on Therapeutic Decision
Georgescu, Rares, MD, PhD*; Boros, Monica, MD, PhD†; Moncea, Denisa, MD‡; Bauer, Orsolya, MD*; Coros, Marius-Florin, MD, PhD*; Oprea, Adela, MD*; Moldovan, Cosmin, MD, PhD§; Podoleanu, Cristian, MD, PhD∥; Stolnicu, Simona, MD, PhD‡
Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology: September 2018 - Volume 26 - Issue 8 - p 533–538
doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000483
Article OutlineOutline
Background: We aimed to demonstrate that in breast carcinomas the tumor profile is not stable during the metastatic process, with impact on therapeutic decisions.
Materials and Methods: We analyzed the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 status and Ki67 index in 41 primary unifocal (PU) and 37 primary multiple (PM) breast carcinomas with identical immunohistochemical profiles among multiple tumor foci and the matched axillary lymph node metastases. We defined as concordant cases in which the primary tumor (PU or PM) and lymph node metastases displayed identical positivity or negativity for ER, PR, HER2, Ki67 and as discordant cases in which there was a mismatch in at least 1 biological parameter among PU and PM tumor and lymph node metastases. Moreover, we defined as concordant cases in which the molecular profile (based on the immunohistochemical evaluation of ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67) was concordant among PU and PM tumors and lymph node metastases and mismatch cases as those in which the molecular profile of the primary tumor differs from one of the lymph node metastases in at least 1 lymph node.
Results: The positivity for the biological markers is not stable during the metastatic process. In this study the total rate of discordant cases was 92.7% in PU tumors and 75.7% in PM homogenous tumors (P=0.058, odds ratio=0.245, 95% confidence interval, 0.06-0.991). The total rate of shifted cases was 64.9% in PM tumors and 82.9% in PU tumors. The highest rate of shifting was encountered from Luminal B-like to Luminal A-like. In 11 out of 37 (29.7%) PM and in 17 out of 41 (41.5%) PU cases the subtype shifted to a poorer one with respect to prognosis.
Conclusions: The patients in whom the primary tumor is hormone receptor and/or HER2 negative but is positive for these markers in the axillary lymph nodes could become eligible for hormonal treatment and/or trastuzumab treatment, which may significantly improve the patient's outcome.
Departments of *Surgery
‡Pathology
§Histology
∥Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Tirgu Mures
†Department of Pathology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oradea, Romania
Supported by internal research grants by the University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Targu Mures, Romania, contract number 13/2015.
Reprints: Cristian Podoleanu, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Str. Gh. Marinescu nr. 1, Tirgu Mures 540099, Romania (e-mail: podoleanu@me.com).
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Received June 17, 2016
Accepted November 1, 2016
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor occurring in women worldwide and can present as a primary unifocal (PU) or as primary multiple (PM) lesions. Both PU and PM tumors can be very heterogenous genetically but also with respect to the morphology (histologic type and grade) within the same tumor or among multiple tumor foci.1,2 As a routine practice, during the histopathologic examination, the pathologist establishes not only the morphologic classification of each tumor but also the molecular classification, based on the estimation of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 status, and Ki67 index, using immunohistochemical markers as surrogates. Moreover, clinical and therapeutic decisions are based on the molecular profile of the primary tumor.3 Previous data revealed the instability of the tumor cell proliferation index throughout the metastatic process, which could have clinical consequences and can result in therapeutic changes. Moreover, on comparing the ER, PR, and HER2 status in the primary tumor and paired lymph node metastases, several studies found a variable rate of instability.4–7
We read with great interest the paper published by Fulga et al8 in which they analyzed 43 cases of PU grade 2 infiltrating breast carcinomas of no special type (NST). Immunophenotypic profile including ER, PR, and HER2 status and Ki67 index was assessed in the PU tumor and its ipsilateral axillary lymph node metastases. The authors demonstrated that the tumor profile is not stable during the metastatic process; the total rate of shifted cases was 23.3%, the highest rate of shifting (6.9%) being encountered from Luminal B-like/Ki67 to Luminal A-like subtype. Furthermore, in 5 cases the subtype shifted to a poorer one with respect to prognosis.
Another previous study demonstrated that the molecular subtype was discordant between PU (NST and non-NST types, G1-3) tumors and axillary metastases in 85 patients (11% of cases), with a shift to a more aggressive subtype in the metastases.9 Moreover, Ieni et al found a discordance rate of 4.7% of cases in the HER2 status between PU G1-3 NST breast carcinomas and synchronous axillary lymph node metastases in 148 cases of unifocal tumors.10
We have also previously demonstrated that in PM breast carcinomas, the histologic features (type and grade) of axillary lymph node metastases can differ from those of primary tumors and usually correspond to the histologic type with unfavorable prognosis and/or highest histologic grade, which is not necessarily of the largest tumor focus.11
However, none of the previous publications demonstrated whether there is a discordance rate in the ER, PR, and HER2 status and KI67 index between primary tumors and axillary lymph node metastases in multiple breast carcinomas.
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In this study, we analyzed ER, PR, Ki67 index, and HER2 status in 41 PU and 37 PM breast carcinomas with identical immunohistochemical profiles among multiple tumor foci and consecutively diagnosed between 2007 and 2012, and we compared them with the matched axillary lymph node metastases. We excluded from this study cases of multiple breast carcinomas in which the tumor foci were molecular heterogenous (because we expect these tumors to be associated with heterogenous lymph node metastases from a molecular point of view). To define PM cases, we used the definitions by Tot et al12 and Boyages et al.13 ER, PR, Ki67, and HER2 testing was performed by immunohistochemistry according to international recommendations14–17 on each tumor focus and each axillary lymph node containing metastases despite its size (Table 1). We interpreted tumor foci as ER/PR positive if expression was observed in at least 1% of the tumor cell nuclei (in the total area of the tumor, regardless of staining intensity, with positive internal control) and ER/PR negative when <1% of the tumor cells were positive. Ki67 index was defined as low (when 14% of all tumor cell nuclei were positive) or high (14%) by assessing the whole section and recording the overall average score based on the local laboratory values.18 HER2 expression was scored as follows: 0 (no staining), 1+ (weak incomplete membrane positivity in at least 10% of the tumor cells), 2+ (weak/moderate complete membrane positivity in at least 10% of the tumor cells), and 3+ (strong complete membrane positivity in at least 30% of the tumor cells). For statistical analysis, 0 and 1+ HER2 scores were considered negative, and scores 2+ [confirmed with chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) test] and 3+ were considered positive. Cases that were HER2-IHC(2+) but CISH(−) were considered as negative. In this study, CISH was performed in all cases with a 2+ score. We used surrogate definitions of intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer according to Goldhirsch et al.18 We defined Luminal A-like cases as those that were ER and/or PR positive, HER2 negative, and Ki67 low (<14%) both in tumor and in lymph nodes, Luminal B-like proliferative (HER2 negative) (Bp) cases as those that were ER and/or PR positive, HER2 negative, and Ki67 high, Luminal B-like (HER2 positive) (Bh) cases as those that were ER and/or PR positive, any Ki67, and HER2 positive, HER2-enriched (H) cases as those with HER2 overexpression and ER and PR absent, and triple-negative (TN) cases as those that were ER, PR, and HER 2 negative.18,19
Concordant cases were defined as those in which the primary tumor (PU and PM) and lymph node metastases displayed identical positivity or negativity for ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 and discordant cases in which there was a mismatch in at least 1 biological parameter (ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67) among PU and PM tumors and lymph node metastases. Moreover, we defined as concordant cases those in which the molecular profile (based on the immunohistochemical evaluation of ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 as for financial reasons we did not use molecular tests in this study) was concordant among PU and PM tumors and lymph node metastases and as mismatch cases those in which the molecular profile of the primary tumor differed from that of the lymph node metastases in at least 1 lymph node. We used MedCalc, Belgium, and the Fisher exact test for statistical analysis when comparing frequencies between groups, and a P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The Ethical Committee of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş approved this study.
The results are presented in Tables 2–6.
Of the 41 cases of PU carcinomas with lymph node metastases, we found ER discordance in 13 cases (31.7%), of which the primary tumor was ER positive and the lymph nodes were negative in 6 cases; in 7 cases (17.1%), although ER was not expressed at all in the breast tumor, they were positive in the lymph nodes. As far as PR was concerned, the proportion of discordance was even higher: 17 cases (41.5%). In 11 cases, the tumor was PR positive and the lymph nodes were negative, whereas in 6 cases (14.6%) the tumor was PR negative but the lymph nodes expressed PR. The fewest discordances were recorded when analyzing HER2 expression: 10 cases (24.4%); in only 1 case (2.4%) the tumor was HER2 negative and the lymph nodes were positive, and in all the other 9 cases (21.9%) the tumor was HER2 positive and the lymph nodes negative. The 14% cutoff value for the Ki67 proliferation index led us to the highest number of discordant cases (32 cases, 78%) between the breast tumor and the axillary lymph nodes. In 6 cases (14.6%) of tumors with a low Ki67 index, we noticed an increased proliferation index in the lymph nodes (Table 2 and Fig. 1).
Among the 37 PM multiple breast carcinomas we found discordance between ER expression in the breast tumors and in the axillary lymph nodes in 17 cases (45.9%); in 13 of these cases the breast tumors were ER positive and the lymph nodes were negative, and in 4 cases (10.8%), although the breast tumors were not hormone sensitive, ER was positive in the lymph nodes. The same percentage was found in PR: 45.9%, with 6 cases (16.2%) in which the breast tumors were PR negative and lymph nodes were positive. We noticed discordance in HER2 expression in only 5 cases (13.5%), all of which involved positive breast tumors and negative lymph nodes. The proliferation index presented discordance in 22 cases (59.4%). In only 2 of the latter cases the proliferation index was lower in the breast tumors than in the lymph nodes (Table 3).
In general, the discordance rate was higher for ER and PR and lower for KI67 and HER2 in the PM tumors compared with PU tumors (Table 4). However, no statistical significance was found when the Fischer test was applied.
We have demonstrated that the positivity for the biological markers is not stable during the metastatic process. In this study the total proportion of discordant cases was 92.7% (38 out of 41 cases with discordances in at least 1 of the markers between the primary tumor and lymph node metastases) among PU tumors and 75.7% (28 out of 37 cases) among PM homogenous tumors (P=0.058, odds ratio=0.245, 95% confidence interval, 0.06-0.991). To our knowledge, this is the highest rate of shift for ER and PR status so far and the only confirmation in the shift of Ki67. Moreover, according to St Gallen 2011 intrinsic subtypes definition,18 the total proportion of shifted cases was 64.9% in PM tumors and 82.9% in PU tumors (Tables 5, 6). The highest rate of shifting was encountered from Luminal B-like to Luminal A-like (7 out of 11 in PM and 12 out of 17 in PU), the same as in a paper by Fulga et al.8
In 11 out of 37 cases (29.7%) of PM and in 17 out of 41 cases (41.5%) of PU, the subtype shifted to a poorer one with respect to prognosis.
Previous studies revealed the instability of the ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 status between the primary tumor and recurrence or distant metastases in breast cancer, with great impact on overall survival.20 The data from this study support the heterogeneity of the primary breast tumors and the unstable molecular profile through the axillary lymph node metastases process in all breast carcinomas but especially in PU tumors. The guidelines recommend that the molecular profile should be performed only on the primary tumors and in case of multiple tumors only on the largest tumor focus to decide the patient's management. However, these data are in favor of a routine evaluation of the primary tumor and axillary lymph node metastases. This evaluation should be carried out not only in the PU but also in the PM tumors that are homogenous from a molecular point of view. The results of this evaluation would not only help to establish tailored therapies but also to predict the behavior and prognosis of these patients.
Synchronous axillary lymph node metastases may represent the potential of metastatic breast cancer better than the primary tumor.21 Especially those patients in whom the primary tumor is hormone receptor and/or HER2 negative but positive for these markers in the axillary lymph nodes could become eligible for hormonal treatment and/or trastuzumab treatment, which may significantly improve the patient's outcome.
The authors thank Adrian Naznean from the Department of Foreign Languages, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tirgu Mures, for careful revision of the translation.
1. Boros M, Marian C, Moldovan C, et al. Morphological heterogeneity of the simultaneous ipsilateral invasive tumor foci in breast carcinoma: a retrospective study of 418 cases of carcinomas. Pathol Res Pract. 2012;208:604–609.
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2. Ng CKY, Schultheis AM, Bidard F-C, et al. Breast cancer genomics from microarrays to massively parallel sequencing: paradigms and new insights. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015;5. http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/content/107/5/djv015.full.
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3. Senkus E, Kyriakides S, Penault-Llorca F, et al. Primary breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol ESMO. 2013;24(suppl 6):vi7–23.
4. Aitken SJ, Thomas JS, Langdon SP, et al. Quantitative analysis of changes in ER, PR and HER2 expression in primary breast cancer and paired nodal metastases. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol ESMO. 2010;21:1254–1261.
5. Ataseven B, Gologan D, Gunesch A, et al. HER2/neu, Topoisomerase 2a, estrogen and progesterone receptors: discordance between primary breast cancer and metastatic axillary lymph node in expression and amplification characteristics. Breast Care Basel Switz. 2012;7:465–470.
6. Jensen JD, Knoop A, Ewertz M, et al. ER, HER2, and TOP2A expression in primary tumor, synchronous axillary nodes, and asynchronous metastases in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;132:511–521.
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7. Nedergaard L, Haerslev T, Jacobsen GK. Immunohistochemical study of estrogen receptors in primary breast carcinomas and their lymph node metastases including comparison of two monoclonal antibodies. APMIS Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand. 1995;103:20–24.
8. Fulga V, Rudico L, Balica AR, et al. Invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type and its corresponding lymph node metastasis: do they have the same immunophenotypic profile? Pol J Pathol Off J Pol Soc Pathol. 2015;66:30–37.
9. Falck A-K, Fernö M, Bendahl P-O, et al. Gallen molecular subtypes in primary breast cancer and matched lymph node metastases—aspects on distribution and prognosis for patients with luminal A tumours: results from a prospective randomised trial. BMC Cancer. 2013;13:558.
10. Ieni A, Barresi V, Caltabiano R, et al. Discordance rate of HER2 status in primary breast carcinomas versus synchronous axillary lymph node metastases: a multicenter retrospective investigation. OncoTargets Ther. 2014;7:1267–1272.
11. Boros M, Podoleanu C, Georgescu R, et al. Multifocal/multicentric breast carcinomas showing intertumoural heterogeneity: a comparison of histological tumour type and Nottingham histological grade of primary tumour and lymph node metastasis. Pol J Pathol Off J Pol Soc Pathol. 2015;66:125–132.
12. Tot T, Gere M, Pekár G, et al. Breast cancer multifocality, disease extent, and survival. Hum Pathol. 2011;42:1761–1769.
13. Boyages J, Jayasinghe UW, Coombs N. Multifocal breast cancer and survival: each focus does matter particularly for larger tumours. Eur J Cancer Oxf Engl. 1990 2010;46:1990–1996.
14. Hammond MEH, Hayes DF, Dowsett M, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology/College Of American Pathologists guideline recommendations for immunohistochemical testing of estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast cancer. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2010;28:2784–2795.
15. Hammond MEH. ASCO-CAP guidelines for breast predictive factor testing: an update. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol AIMM Off Publ Soc Appl Immunohistochem. 2011;19:499–500.
16. Wolff AC, Hammond MEH, Schwartz JN, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists guideline recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2007;131:18–43.
17. Dowsett M, Nielsen TO, A'Hern R, et al. Assessment of Ki67 in breast cancer: recommendations from the International Ki67 in Breast Cancer working group. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011;103:1656–1664.
18. Goldhirsch A, Wood WC, Coates AS, et al. Strategies for subtypes—dealing with the diversity of breast cancer: highlights of the St. Gallen International Expert Consensus on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2011. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol ESMO. 2011;22:1736–1747.
19. Coates AS, Winer EP, Goldhirsch A, et al. Tailoring therapies- improving the management of early breast carcinoma: St Gallen International Expert Consensus on the Primary Therapy of Early Breast Cancer 2015. Ann Oncol. 2015;26:1533–1546.
20. Lindström LS, Karlsson E, Wilking UM, et al. Clinically used breast cancer markers such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 are unstable throughout tumor progression. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2012;30:2601–2608.
21. Yao Z-X, Lu L-J, Wang R-J, et al. Discordance and clinical significance of ER, PR, and HER2 status between primary breast cancer and synchronous axillary lymph node metastasis. Med Oncol Northwood Lond Engl. 2014;31:798.
breast carcinoma; lymph node; heterogeneity
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Discordance Rate in Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, HER2 Status, and Ki67 Index Between Primary Unifocal and Multiple Homogenous Breast Carcinomas and Synchronous Axillary Lymph...
Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology26(8):533-538, September 2018.
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Articles in PubMed by Rares Georgescu, MD, PhD
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Nearly 4,000 police and private security guards will be deployed in Madrid for the "high-risk" Copa Libertadores final between Argentine rivals Boca Juniors and River Plate, the government said Friday.
More than 2,000 national police will deploy around the Santiago-Bernabeu stadium on Sunday where both teams will be playing far from home after the second leg final was postponed following an attack by River fans on Boca's team bus.
That is more than for the last Champions League final in the 81,000-seat stadium in 2010 when national police deployed a 1,400-strong force.
It is also more than the 1,500 police officers deployed for the "clasico" game between rivals Real Madrid and Barcelona that took place under high security five days after the 2015 Paris attacks.
Apart from national police officers, 1,700 private security guards will be used on Sunday by Real Madrid, which owns the stadium.
City hall has called on 150 municipal police while 150 emergency workers will be on site, said Jose Manuel Rodriguez Uribes, the central government's representative in Madrid.
"These are really big measures as it's a high-risk match," he told reporters.
CONMEBOL, South America's football federation, decided to rearrange the game, controversially moving it from Argentina to Spain amid fears of further fan violence.
The stadium will be surrounded by a triple security cordon, as Spain remains on high terror alert -- at level four out of five.
Two fan zones will be set up on either side of the stadium.
Two large squares -- Puerta del Sol and Plaza Colon -- have also been set aside for celebrations after the match depending on who wins. They are just under two kilometres apart.
Rodriguez said some 200 to 300 "particularly violent" supporters from each team had been identified by Spanish and Argentinian authorities, but if was unclear whether they were in Madrid or not.
He added that supporters found to have a "serious" criminal record could be sent straight back to Argentina if they came to Madrid.
Between 5,500 and 6,000 out of 10,000 tickets for supporters living in Argentina have been sold, Rodriguez said.


DiCarpio's latest film, Before The Flood, a documentary produced in cooperation with National Geographic brings to light the increasing devastation on natural habitat as a result of climate change. It is no surprise that DiCaprio is a strong advocate for transitioning to a zero carbon economy, an idea that is near and dear to the heart of Elon Musk who has famously referred to burning fossil fuels as "the dumbest experiment in human history." The impetus behind Tesla automobiles is to make society aware that driving an electric car can be a satisfying and rewarding experience, not something that requires sacrifice and hardship.
Just last week, Elon made a presentation to the International Astronautical Congress in Guadalajara, Mexico detailing his plan to make mankind a muli-planetary species, starting with manned exploratory journeys to Mars. Last April, after a successful test of the Dragon 2 space capsule that will be used for the first Mars missions, Elon Muck proclaimed it was capable of landing "anywhere," not just Mars. Clearly, Elon is already thinking beyond the Red Planet.
Below is the trailer for Before The Flood. It is probably no accident that its release will take place just weeks before the next presidential election.


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Jumanji: The Next Level's Star-Studded Cast Sounds Off on Sequel
Dwayne Johnson, Kevin Hart, Jack Black, Nick Jonas, Karen Gillan, Danny DeVito, Awkwafina, Danny Glover divulge details about the film
From the LifeMinute.TV Team
Dwayne Johnson, Kevin Hart, Jack Black, Nick Jonas and Karen Gillan return for the second sequel joined by newcomers to the franchise; Danny DeVito, Danny Glover and Awkwafina. The film follows the friends as they return as players in the game, which is now broken and fighting back. The Jumanji: The Next Level cast gave us a look inside the new film and how hilarious it was to work with each other.
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The Grudge Reboot Provides an Even More "Intense Experience" than Its Predecessors
Movie Sequels to See in 2020
Movie Minute: Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker, Cats and Bombshell Hit Theaters
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Metreel Ltd has been established for over 40 years and is now one of the leading manufacturers of cable and hose handling systems for the offshore oil and gas industry. With installations spanning the globe our experience and knowledge of the design and supply of drag chains, festoons, reeling drums and outreach booms has been proven time and time again. We offer as part of our turnkey package full project management including, consultancy, site survey, manufacturing, assembly, testing and installation for both new build and repair/refurbishment projects. We assure high quality and reliable service to all our customers, in an industry where quality and delivery are paramount. We strive for excellence and are proud to be accredited as an ISO9001 certified company. Metreel's range of Offshore Drag Chain Systems provides support and protection for the safe conveyance of cables and hoses feeding skid bases, jack up installations, vessels/drill ships, top drives, cranes, hoists and handling systems for both upstream and downstream projects. We specialise in Cable & Hose Drag Chains, known as Met-Trak, for cable and hose management in the oil and gas industries. From concept through to delivery we ensure that the customer's expectations are not only met, but exceeded. We individually tailor proven designs into bespoke solutions to individual needs. Our products are customer designed, manufactured, tested and installed using state of the art software, manufacturing processes and methods and are backed up by a World class reputation for unstinting quality and customer service back-up. We deliver fully assembled systems, incorporating hoses (and cables) pre-installed and ready to use. Metreel primarily operate from the UK although offices are also located in the USA and Singapore with representation in Korea, Malaysia and China.


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Alexion's sBLA for Ultomiris Gets Priority Review From FDA
Zacks Equity Research June 21, 2019
ALXN ACHN ACOR AKTX
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (ALXN - Free Report) announced that the FDA has accepted its supplemental biologics license application (sBLA) for its long-acting C5 complement inhibitor, Ultomiris (ravulizumab-cwvz), under a priority review for the treatment of patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) to inhibit complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). The regulatory body has set an action date of Oct 19, 2019.
Shares of Alexion were up almost 4.1% following this news on Thursday. In fact, so far this year, the stock has surged 32.3%, outperforming the industry's rise of 5.8%.
This sBLA was based on data from the phase III study on Ultomiris, conducted in complement inhibitor-naive patients with aHUS, which met its primary objective of complete TMA response. The results were announced this January. The primary endpoint of a complete TMA response was defined by hematologic normalization and improved kidney function. Further, a phase III program of Ultomiris on adolescents and children with aHUS is underway.
Notably, aHUS is a chronic, ultra-rare disease that affects both children and adults, inducing a potentially irreversible damage to kidneys and other vital organs, sudden or progressive kidney failure (requiring dialysis or transplant) and premature death.
Last December, Ultomiris received the FDA approval for treating adult patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), to be administered every eight weeks. This nod came well ahead of its action date set for Feb 18, 2019. Following the same, Ultomiris became the first and the only long-acting C5 complement inhibitor to get an approval for PNH. A phase III study on Ultomiris evaluating children and adolescents with PNH is currently underway.
Alexion has launched Ultomiris in the United States, ahead of schedule. Initial conversion rates of Soliris — Alexion's key PNH drug — patients have been encouraging. Applications for approval in the EU are currently under review. Earlier this week, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) approved Ultomiris for the treatment of adult patients with PNH. The approval will strengthen Alexion's PNH franchise.
Notably, companies like Achillion Pharmaceuticals Inc. (ACHN - Free Report) and Akari Therapeutics, Plc (AKTX - Free Report) are also developing drugs for addressing PNH.
Meanwhile, Alexion is working to expand Ultomiris' label. It has initiated a single, PK-based phase III probe on Ultomiris, administered subcutaneously once a week to support registration in PNH and aHUS.
The company also initiated a phase III investigation on the drug for generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) in the first quarter of 2019 and plans to initiate another phase III study on the same for the neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) indication by the end of 2019. Additionally, the company plans to conduct a proof-of-concept analysis on Ultomiris for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and an exploratory clinical study for primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS).
Zacks Rank & Key Pick
Alexion currently carries a Zacks Rank #3 (Hold). A better-ranked stock in the healthcare sector is Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. (ACOR - Free Report) , which sports a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy). You can see the complete list of today's Zacks #1 Rank stocks here.
Acorda's loss per share estimates have been narrowed 6.5% for 2019 and 6.9% for 2020 over the past 60 days.
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Herman Miller (MLHR) to Report Q4 Earnings: What's in Store?


Do you find it easy to borrow money (too easy perhaps) or do you find yourself unable to access financial products like loans, bank accounts and internet financial services (eg online billing)? Where do you go for financial help when the bank says no?
'Payday' lenders and 'doorstep' credit are big problems in Coventry because once people are hooked it is difficult to escape them. What are your experiences of these lenders?
Everyone's last resort is a 'loan shark' but it doesn't stop people using them. Give us the evidence to help the Illegal Money Lending Team investigate them (see below).
Credit Unions are a great alternative to high street (and illegal) lenders but uptake of their services could be higher. Do you have experience of borrowing from local Credit Unions? Timebanks / Time Unions and other bartering organisations offer an alternative way to get goods and services. Have you ever used these services?


Lesson One: You are a small piece of the puzzle (keep humble, my friend).
The afternoon brought me back to an incredibly familiar Kigali road. I don't know the name exactly, but it's the one wedged between the blue, yellow, and green AMAHORO (translated directly as 'peace') Stadium and the colorful, eclectic, and over packed market of Kimironko. I was on a business mission; bouncing from revenue authority to local authorities' offices to remain compliant as we forge forward in our organizations' operations. Mid-afternoon places a glowy sweat on my skin, but I bounce around on the broken pavement any way. Coming from the most recent US Peace Corps Rwanda group's swearing-in ceremony at the ambassador's residence, I was energized with inspiration, motivation, and really good food (we're talking deviled eggs, carrot cake, fresh fruit, and unlimited sparkling water, oh hey). I looked to my left as I moved steadily forward, taking in the pedestrian-driven city full of business men, shopkeepers, street cleaners, drivers, and old women. Just like it always is.
Yet, something different caught my eye. A woman with highlighter yellow shoes, a stick, and a medium-sized black paper bag waved me over. Instead of just smiling and continuing my jaunt by, I obeyed and stepped over the ditch and went to sit alongside her.
I greeted her, shook her hand, and in an old, tired Rwandan voice she mumbled something rather inaudible.
She told me she was going out of town – out of the city proper. Somewhere indecipherable. Old women have always been good friends of mine – especially in Rwanda – but their accents, age, and traditional slang often leave me clueless in the world of cross-cultural translation.
Internally debating, I asked, Lord, what do I do? She asked for 500 RWF (about a dollar – okay, really, it's less than that when you complete the exchange) and I still pushed to question the amount based on her destination. Typically, on bus, Kigali journeys are around 300 RWF – and yet she reiterated that she was going to visit someone by the name of Eric, someone who did not reside in the city limits. I smacked the faded fig lipstick against my teeth and just knew she was speaking truth. I found my red and green African-fabric'd wallet and couldn't find enough change. Loose coins from Mexico, the US, and Rwanda didn't add up enough and so I glanced only at the two remaining options at my disposal – the 2000 RWF or 5000 RWF bills I had tucked away. The 5000 RWF bill was for any extra food purchases I might need to get at the grocery store. The 2000 RWF was for my impending cup of coffee. Should I do it?
Of course I should, of freaking course. She needed this far far more than I ever would. And so, I handed her the purple bill of 2000 RWF into her shaking hands. I think she was surprised by the amount, but I can't be sure. I told her that Jesus loved her and she proceeded to wish blessings upon my future. I simply nodded and got up to leave. I didn't want to make a scene; I didn't want her to feel like she had anything to owe for me. It was simply an act of obedience that I know I was guided to follow.
I felt far more humbled in those few steps away from her than I have felt in a long time. Over the last couple of days I have talked to numerous people about the hardness of life, about dis-empowered situations that people find themselves in, and of the incredible need that exists in our world. I only walked for about 5 seconds before spinning back around, eager to get the woman's name. I had forgotten to ask; and I certainly wanted to pray for her and for the journey she had ahead. I took just a couple steps back on that very road and poked my head behind the sign she had been hiding behind.
Nothing. No sign of anything in sight. There's absolutely no way that she could have moved that quickly. The woman could barely walk and the bus stop was nearly 100 feet down the road. I checked back further. Again, no sign of any old woman in sight. I laughed aloud in the streets. Alone, in Rwanda. I laughed. I'm absolutely certain I looked crazy, but in that deep humility I began to felt an even deeper awe and respect. Exactly who was that? What was the moment actually all about it?
I really just can't be sure. But I do know it was what I needed. A strong spoon of humility and a stark reminder to keep your eyes open. Always. You never can expect what might be coming your way.
Lesson Two: You're Not the Only One Changing.
One of the first weekends I spent back Rwanda-side of the world was actually in Tanzania where we spent a couple of days checking in on a couple of bakery groups and projects that had been trained earlier this spring. Tanzania gave us time on the road – 10 hours each way – and I was excited to have spent that time with my new co-workers, getting in-depth field observation of what we do, and a taste of Tanzania to boot. Our trip was encouraging and full; we got to witness the actual baking process that some of our women are taking part in a couple of times a week, and taste a newly developed product that is being seen in some of our small local markets. It's an exciting time for our team and for the Women's Bakery, and so particularly on our drive home, I was basking in loads full of gratitude.
That same basket of gratitude came in handy just a week later.
Awaiting the arrival of Maisara and Zahara at the madness of the bus station, my heart was racing. I hadn't seen the girls for nearly a year! Last time around, I was here working for a local bank and had visited their home in my village. This time, they were both passing through the city, headed to their last term of school for the year, and so we had a way of intersecting, even for just a few hours, so we could catch up.
Though they were nearly a couple of hours late – because it's Rwanda – the joy of reunion was inescapable. Giggly and enthusiastic, it was as if distance and time had never really existed. The girls and I had a few hours to share together and we would do so at their uncle's house. I had expected he lived in the city. Um. No.
We traveled by motorbike about 15 minutes away and then crossed a rickety, oddly spaced bridge across one of the largest rivers in all of Rwanda. As if it would be any different.
We sat together, shared a Fanta, and they told me story on top of story of what had transpired in the prior year. A new home built, increased problems with their father, innovative teacher training for Zahara as she pursues her dream of becoming an educator, and a continual commitment for Maisara in her sports' leadership roles. I sat back in awe for most of the conversation, again, appropriately humbled.
I wasn't the only who had changed. These girls had changed too; if not more!
Most proudly of all, they proclaimed that they had both decided to become Christians. Quite intimately, they shared with me how they engaged in that process, how they had started singing songs from a Kinyarwanda hymnal, and spoke with their mother about this change in their lives. Unsurprising to me, their mother supported and felt strongly they should have the choice where they would pray.
In their storytelling and adamant commitment, I could feel lines of joy forming in my face. I knew the kind of freedom they were talking about. I just didn't know it would be with them that I would have that kind of conversation, and I sure didn't expect it to be on a rainy Saturday in Kigali, Rwanda.
Change is never just for you. Ever.
We parted ways that day in peace. Somehow, an understanding that near of far, we are united by something far greater than ourselves. They are growing up, maturing, becoming the women they are meant to be, and I feel more than honored that I can bear witness.
Lesson Three: Timing is everything.
One of the co-founders of The Women's Bakery (and an old friend and Peace Corps Volunteer in Rwanda), Julie, helped me bake a yeast bread one of the first days I arrived back in country. With training, curriculum development, operations management, and business decisions ahead of us, it was also important to get a bearing on why we do what we do. We bake. We sell. We empower.
Obviously, a girl needs to learn how to make a solid loaf of banana bread if I'm going to keep up with these women!
Julie taught me the proper way to knead (significantly harder than it looks!) and the recipe nuances and flexibilities that do exist. One thing that seemed non-negotiable? Time. It must bake just perfectly as to capture the right moisture, texture, and taste.
It was like that in taking this job back in Rwanda, but it was also like that in how our daily life pans out – from the friends we meet, the things we see, and the words that are spoken to us. One thing that consistently draws me back to Rwandan culture, I think, is this unwavering trust in what is (or isn't) provided is precisely how it's supposed to be.
On hazy Kanombe roads (a subset of Kigali, just a mile or so from the international airport) a few evenings ago, I was meandering the curvy paths with Lilliose. Lilly, as I lovingly refer to her, was my Kinyarwanda teacher in Peace Corps from yes, four years ago. Now old friends, we share stories of weddings, life changes, moves, and professional moves as if we had experienced them together. The sun was barely present in the black – orange night as she showed me the place she took her civil ceremony vows with her husband. Rwandan weddings traditionally involve three different ceremonies, with the civil being the involvement and recognition by the government and country as officially married. She chuckled as she remembered nervously seeing her husband that day, and how she was so uncertain about what her life would hold.
She divulged her insecurities about how the finances would work, how they would adjust as a family unit, and biggest of all, when her desire to be a mother would be fulfilled. Made to be a mother, it was something she had always wanted. Yet, she was waiting. And had been waiting for a long time.
She indicated she was drawn into an intensive season of waiting. She knew what she wanted, but she knew also that it had to be given in the precise moment. I nodded silently, understanding. There has been much of what I desired in life that couldn't work. Largely, too, because of timing. We turned towards the gates of the authorities' office to move closer to the restaurant we would share at least four fantas later into the evening.
She murmured, "But God is good! We have started to build our new home – one that we will own – and will be ready for next month….
I leaped, shouted, and again, did some weird things in the middle of these darn Rwandan roads. What a beautifully, wonderful way to share the way God has provided in her life. An expanding family, a stable living situation; not because it's perfect, but because the timing is. She waited, and God came through. That's faith, if I have ever seen it.
I'm learning that lesson again (and again). You can never learn it enough, I think. Our lives move in these patterns that draw us to places we don't expect. While along for the ride, just wait. Abide. You never know what element of perfect timing is next.
Because that's when the bread will rise, the timer will ding, and it will be time to eat. That's when all will be right and for a small moment, you'll understand why some things really do fit together.
If I could copy it off so I could blow it up or if I could change the font and color of text perhaps I would be able to see it well enough to read. As it is I am just frustrated .


It's costing Canadian travellers more cash to travel.
Canadian tourists forked it over for accommodation in more than 60 per cent of their Top 50 international destinations in 2017.
So says the latest Hotel Price Index (HPI) from Hotels.com released March 20.
The spike could be linked to the fact that international tourist arrivals worldwide grew to 1.3 billion in 2017, representing a 7 per cent jump, according to the latest UNWTO World Tourism Barometer.
The cost of overnight accommodation rose 2 per cent globally in 2017, the index finds.
"The slight increase in average accommodation prices globally, combined with numerous markets having record visitor growth, signals a strong travel economy and a growing desire from consumers to experience the world," said Hotels.com president Johan Svanstrom.
Price drops drove Canadian visitors to the U.S., and despite a decline in the overall number of foreign visitors to the States in 2017, the country remained the most popular outbound region for Canadians, who crossed the border in greater numbers, with New York keeping its spot as the top international destination.
The States also had some incredible price drops across the country in notoriously expensive cities, making them more accessible to Canadians.
International travel destinations, however, fluctuated in price and popularity.
Popular European destinations such as Portugal, Spain and Greece saw an increase in prices paid on accommodation overall as tourism hit record numbers.
Canadians felt the pinch in Lisbon and Santorini with a 10 per cent rise in average price, while Barcelona rose by 7 per cent.
Asian destinations provided excellent opportunities for Canadian travellers — a strengthening dollar against the Japanese Yen meant that Tokyo recorded the highest fall in average price, dropping 7 per cent compared to 2016.
On the South American front, Colombia made huge strides in 2017 in terms of popularity rank amongst Canadians.
Medellin made the top 200 for the first time, while Bogota cracked the top 100 most popular international destinations with a 40-spot gain.
With prices in Bogota averaging $107 a night in 2017, now is the time to travel to this diverse region, according to the findings.
Back at home, Canada 150 created a record tourism boom.
Travellers found that prices paid for accommodation rose in most popular domestic destinations.
Although the country saw an average increase of only 2 per cent, most major destinations were hit harder.
Toronto, the most popular destination in 2017, with two-thirds of its record 43 million visitors domestic, and Montreal, who celebrated its 375th birthday, both saw an increase of 8 per cent.
The highest average increases were seen in Halifax, and up in the mountain resorts of Whistler, Mont Tremblant and Banff, where, together with Vancouver, overnight stays averaged more than $200 a night.
Niagara Falls enjoyed a busy year from both domestic and international markets but its average only rose by 4 per cent.


text:
Stephanie McMahon Height, Weight, Age, Wiki, Biography, Net Worth, Facts
Last update Sep 23, 2018
Stephanie McMahon is WWE Brand Leader and Businesswoman. A native of the famous McMahon family, Stephanie has been associated with WWE since she was a teenager. She was once the protagonist of various WWE catalogs that advertised T-shirts and other merchandise. She has held various positions, including the front office and has gradually grown to the WWE CBO.
We have Covered:
1) Birth name
2) Nickname
3) Other names
4) Job
5) Nationality
6) Private life
6.1) Anniversary / Date of birth
6.2) Age
6.3) Sign of the sun
6.4) Ethnicity
6.5) Religion
6.6) Education
6.7) Family details
6.8) Civil status
6.9) Husband
7) Physical statistics
7.1) size
7.2) Weight
7.3) Body measurements
7.4) bodybuilding
7.5) Body shape
7.6) Eye colour
7.7) Hair color
7.8) Shoe size
7.9) The size of the dress
7.10) Sexuality
8) Professional statistics
8.1) Wrestling career
8.2) Beginning of the film
8.3) TV debut
9) favorites
10) Stephanie McMahon Net worth
10.1) Social media Profiles
11) Stephanie McMahon Facts
Stephanie Marie McMahon
READ: Abigail Breslin Height, Weight, Age, Wiki, Biography, Net Worth, Facts
Stephanie McMahon Levesque
Wrestler, Businesswoman, CBO (WWE)
Anniversary / Date of birth
Stephanie McMahon was born on September 24, 1976 in Hartford, Connecticut, USA.
She is currently 42 years old.
Sign of the sun
Irish-American
His religious beliefs are unknown.
Stephanie attended Greenwich Country Day School and then graduated from Greenwich High School in 1994. She then enrolled at Boston University where she graduated in 1998 with a degree in communications.
Father – Vince McMahon (President and CEO of WWE)
Mother – Linda McMahon (Businesswoman)
Brothers and sisters – Shane McMahon (older brother) (wrestler, business man)
Relatives – Vincent J. McMahon (grandfather), Jess McMahon (great-grandfather)
Civil status
Stephanie McMahon married the fighter Paul Levesque, whose name is Triple H, on October 25, 2003. The couple has three daughters together: Aurora Rose Levesque (born July 24, 2006), Murphy Claire Levesque (born July 28, 2008) and Vaughn Evelyn Levesque (born August 24, 2010).
After her marriage, she went out with another wrestler, Test.
READ: Miranda Lambert Height, Weight, Age, Wiki, Biography, Net Worth
In feet – 5 feet 8 inches
In centimeters – 173 cm
In meters – 1.73 m
In kilograms – 61 kg
In pounds – 135 lbs
Measurements – 38-26-36
Chest – 38 inches
Cut – 26 inches
hip – 36 inches
Bra size – 34D
In 2001, she had breast implants to improve her figure.
She is wearing a shoe size 8 (US).
The size of the dress
Her dress size is 8 (US).
Professional statistics
Wrestling career
She began her career as a model and bodybuilder during several WWE campaigns and held various front office positions before being promoted to Executive Vice President and then CEO of WWE. She entered the ring as a wrestler and often teamed up with Test, who is then her boyfriend.
Beginning of the film
She has not played in movies yet.
TV debut
In November 2001, McMahon participated in a special episode of NBC's The Weakest Link, where WWF personalities competed for their respective charities. She has appeared on various television shows with WWE superstars.
READ: Mason Rudolph Biography
His favorites are unknown.
Stephanie McMahon Net worth
Stephanie McMahon has a net worth of 70 million US dollars. She is co-owner of WWE and holds more than $ 77 million in shares. In 2015, his salary was $ 1.7 million.
Stephanie McMahon Facts
Stephanie McMahon won the Women of the Year Award in 2000 and the Pro Wrestling Illustrated "Feud of the Year" Award in 2002 and 2013.
She has a WWF Women's Championship and two Slammy Awards.
In 2013, Stephanie McMahon was Honorary Chair of the Connecticut Special Olympics.
She also won the Legacy of Excellence Award in 2016.
Stephanie appeared in a voice-over role in the Scooby-Doo live video animation movie! and WWE: Curse of the Speed Demon.
In 2017, she won the Stuart Scott ENSPIRE Award.
Cable magazine has four times named it "the most powerful women in cable".
She is Republican and donated $ 2,700 to Chris Christie during his presidential campaign.
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text:
/*
 * SpanningEdgeCentralityGTest.h
 *
 *  Created on: Jan 17, 2016
 *      Author: Michael
 */

#ifndef NETWORKIT_CPP_CENTRALITY_TEST_SPANNINGEDGECENTRALITYGTEST_H_
#define NETWORKIT_CPP_CENTRALITY_TEST_SPANNINGEDGECENTRALITYGTEST_H_

#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "../SpanningEdgeCentrality.h"

#include <vector>
#include <string>

namespace NetworKit {

using namespace std;

class SpanningEdgeCentralityGTest : public testing::Test {
public:
	SpanningEdgeCentralityGTest() = default;
	virtual ~SpanningEdgeCentralityGTest() = default;
};

} /* namespace NetworKit */

#endif /* NETWORKIT_CPP_CENTRALITY_TEST_SPANNINGEDGECENTRALITYGTEST_H_ */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
/* Problem 6. Divisible by 7 and 3
 * Write a program that prints from given array of integers all numbers that are divisible by 7 and 3. Use the built-in extension methods and lambda expressions. Rewrite the same with LINQ.
 */

namespace DivisibleBy7And3
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;

    class DivisibleBy7And3
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            List<int> numbers = new List<int>();
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
            {
                numbers.Add(i);
            }

            IEnumerable<int> resultLambda = numbers.Where(x => x % 3 == 0 && x % 7 == 0);
            Console.WriteLine("Result with lambda:\n{0}\n", string.Join(", ", resultLambda));

            IEnumerable<int> resultLinq =
                from number in numbers
                where number % 3 == 0 && number % 7 == 0
                select number;
            Console.WriteLine("Result with LINQ:\n{0}\n", string.Join(", ", resultLinq));

        }
    }
}


text:
2008 Special Induction – Best of Country Football
In 2008, the sesquicentenary of Australian Football, AFL Tasmania chose to recognise the three best country football teams that have played senior competition level football in Tasmania.
The 'Best of Country' special category recognises the greatest country football teams from the north, north-west and southern Tasmania. The teams chosen for induction are as follows:
> Northern Tasmania: Longford Tigers – 1957 NTFA and state premiership team
> North-West Tasmania: Smithton Saints – 1983 NWFU premiership team
> Southern Tasmania: New Norfolk Eagles – 1968 TFL and state premiership team
Best of Country Football – Northern Tasmania: Longford Tigers, 1957
The northern midlands town of Longford was transformed as a sporting haven for people from all over the world in the 1950s when the town became the centre of international motor racing. For Tasmania's maniacal football followers the Longford Tigers were also to peak in the mid and late 1950s at both the regional and state level under the leadership of ex-Carlton premiership star Fred Davies.
The Longford Tigers achieved their first taste of NTFA premiership success in 1955, but were to succumb in the state premiership to the Arthur Hodgson-led Ulverstone.
After defeating Launceston comfortably for the 1957 NTFA title the Tigers once again took on Ulverstone, this time in the state preliminary final. After winning that battle the team of local champions were to confront the TFL premiers, North Hobart, who were led by one of Tasmania's greatest ever players in John Leedham.
In the state premiership final the Tigers burst out of the blocks and could have taken a stranglehold on the title except for inaccurate kicking. To their credit, North Hobart hit back in the second quarter and led at half time. The Tigers were not to be denied a second time, however, and prevailed comfortably in the second half to become the first NTFA 'country' team to take the state title.
The Longford Tigers golden era extended to one more premiership in 1958 and numerous more runner-up appearances following this triumph. Although there is little argument that the mantle of best country team in Northern Tasmania was taken up by Scottsdale for two decades from 1964, the Longford team of 1957 will always be remembered as the pioneers of the cause of country football in the region.
TASMANIAN STATE PREMIERSHIP – 1957 – York Park
Longford v North Hobart Date: Saturday 5 October
Longford: 3.8 5.11 10.13 14.16 (100)
North Hobar:t 0.1 7.4 10.5 12.7 (79)
Longford: R. Hay, J. Fitzallen, J. Barnes, F. Davies, C. Goninon, R. Butterworth, D. Brooks, P. Jago, I. Hayes.
North Hobart: J. Archer, J. Leedham, P. Cooper, G. Quinn, I. Riley, B. Southorn, D. Eaton, N. Clarke.
Longford: D. Goninon (3), E. Bricknell (3), F. Davies (3), J. Barnes (2), L. Pitt (2), C. Goninon.
North Hobart: N. Clarke (3), P. Cooper (3), I. Riley (2), J. Leedham, M. Kelleher, C. Collidge, I. Plunkett.
Umpire F. Schwab
Crowd 12,500 (record)
Gate £2,234 (record)
Best of Country Football – Southern Tasmania: New Norfolk Eagles, 1968
New Norfolk entered the 1968 TFL grand final as a rank outsider in many pundits' eyes. They were up against the John Devine-led North Hobart, who were hot favourites, having won the second semi-final easily and given they were reigning premiers.
However, the Trevor Leo-led Eagles were on a mission to achieve what no other Derwent Valley team had ever done—to win the TFL premiership and then the state premiership.
After winning the club's first TFL premiership, the Eagles took the task of defeating Scottsdale to win the state premiership in their stride. In a dour struggle the New Norfolk team were able to rally in the last quarter and draw away from a gallant Scottsdale team to achieve the greatest moment of any country senior football team in the history of football in southern Tasmania.
The New Norfolk side of 1968 is the original and 'Best of Country' team from southern Tasmania.
TASMANIAN STATE PREMIERSHIP – 1968 – North Hobart Oval
New Norfolk v Scottsdale Date: 5 October
New Norfolk: 1.4 3.10 5.11 9.13 (67)
Scottsdale: 1.0 3.4 6.9 7.12 (54)
New Norfolk: R. Lynch, G. Hill, A. Besier, J. Windsor, G. Smith
Scottsdale: Taylor, Mounter, Rattray, Leitch, Davidson, Millwood
New Norfolk: G. Hill (4), B. Nusteling (2), T. Leo, C. Goggin, M. Booth.
Scottsdale: Mounter, Taylor, R. Hall, Salter, Dent, French, Millwood.
Umpire D. Blew
Crowd 11,395
Gate $6,618
Best of Country Football – North-West Tasmania: Smithton Saints, 1983
The Smithton Saints were invited to enter the highly competitive North West Football Union (NWFU) in 1979. Their first taste of senior Tasmanian football was in the experimental Winfield Statewide League of early 1980. The initial outings for the Saints were not successful, but as the original season unfolded it became apparent that the decision in asking Smithton to join the NWFU was the right one.
By their third season the Smithton combination was playing in the NWFU grand final and by 1983 (their fourth season) the club was on the verge of achieving their first premiership.
In a magnificent game of football the Saints were paired against the might of the Cooee Bulldogs from Burnie. The Bulldogs were led off field by coastal coaching legend Warren ' Putt' McCarthy and started the game strongly. The Saints were essentially a team of farmers and had the colossus from Richmond, Stephen Parsons, as their leader. After trailing Cooee in the first half the Saints' faithful had to wait to a magnificent third term to see their team reproduce the sort of form that had brought them this far.
In a classic last quarter the near record crowd were treated to a great contest to determine the champion team of 1983. With two minutes to go the Saints' chances looked gone. They trailed by 11 points and were kicking into the wind. However, prevail they did and in a champion effort the winning goal was kicked with less than a minute to play and by the barest of margins the Saints 'came marching in' to the delight of their many thousands of supporters.
The NWFU grand final of 1983 was a classic of the ages for Tasmanian football. The achievement of the Smithton Saints in taking their first premiership in only their fourth season of senior competition football duly sees them recognised as the 'Best of Country' from the North-West Coast.
NWFU Grand Final – 1983 – West Park
Smithton v Cooee Date: 10 September
Smithton: 3.3 9.5 16.12 20.17 (137)
Cooee: 6.3 12.6 16.7 21.10 (136)
Smithton: A. Maguire, G. Coombe, P. Korpershoek, C. Hofing, S. Parsons, C. Loring, M. Nicholls
Cooee: T. Lee, S. Beaumont, Bourn, J. Mihocek, R. Hislop, K. Beaumont, M. Deverall
Smithton: A. Maguire (10), B. Newman (2), P. Korpershoek (2), K. Billing (2), C. Loring (2), B. French, G. Coombe.
Cooee: S. Beaumont (7), K. Beaumont (5), B. Plant (3), D. Shephard (2), K. Beswick (2), M. Dockling, M. Templeton.
Umpires M. Devlin and R. Hart
Gate $28,573
[pl_video type="youtube" id="46H2A8aUmB4″]


text:
HomeJOURNALISTS | ANCHORSMegan Gilliland Bio, Age, Height, Husband, Salary, Net Worth, FOX 45
Megan Gilliland Bio, Age, Height, Husband, Salary, Net Worth, FOX 45
Megan Gilliland
Megan Gilliland Biography
Megan Gilliland is an American journalist currently working as an anchor at FOX45 and gives weekday mornings and live-breaking news updates. Prior to joining FOX45, Megan worked in Altoona, Pennsylvania as a reporter and weekend anchor at WTAJ-TV.
Megan Gilliland Age
Megan Gilliland was born in Pittsburgh, in the United States of America. however, she has not disclosed her exact birth details to the public domain. She is around 46 years old. This segment is under review and we shall update once we have clear information from a reliable source.
Megan Gilliland Height
Gilliland is a woman of standard stature and stands at a height of 5 feet 6 inches (Approx 1.65 m).
Megan Gilliland Family
Megan was born and brought up by her caring and supportive father and mother in Pittsburgh. Nevertheless, has not disclosed any information concerning either her parents or if she has siblings, to the public domain.
Megan Gilliland Education
Megan joined Penn State University and graduated with a major in Broadcast Journalism and minored in Communications, Arts, and Sciences.
Megan Gilliland Husband
Megan is happily hitched to her romantic husband whom she has not revealed his name. The pair met in Baltimore and started a family together.
Megan Gilliland Salary
She receives a satisfactory salary of $61,201 per year. This is according to FOX45 anchors' salaries.
Megan Gilliland's Net Worth
Megan Gilliland has stockpiled a decent fortune over the years she has served and has an estimated net worth of $1 million.
Megan Gilliland Career
Megan joined the Fox45 team in 2007. Some years later, Baltimore Magazine named her the Best newcomer. Furthermore, she was recognized by the same magazine again in 2015, 2016, and 2017 consecutively, when she got elected as the Readers Choice, Best TV News Broadcaster in Baltimore.
Before shifting to Charm City, Megan worked in Altoona, Pennsylvania as a reporter and weekend anchor at WTAJ-TV. While there, Megan became known because of her spotting an escaped prisoner and it was all caught on camera.
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In 1958, John Redden started Redden Net Co. Ltd to supply commercial fishing gear to the fishing communities of the Pacific Northwest. Now, more than fifty years later, we have an in-house net loft staffed by professional, experienced net builders – and our executive team has more than 100 combined years of experience in every facet of industrial netting. So no matter what industry you're in, if you need a net, we can build it.
Redden Net Custom Nets supplies well-designed, well-built, custom nets to companies all over the world.
Golf netting: range, barrier, deflection, practice, full impact netting.
Agriculture netting: bird control for vineyards, orchards, berry fields, as well as deer fences.
Safety netting: fall arrest, debris control, arena, orange transport netting and Tubular nettings for Machine Part Protection.
Sport netting: baseball, soccer, ski, arena, goal nets.
Research netting: seines, S.L.I.N., F.W.I.N., trawls, traps, gill-nets.
Over the last fifty years, our technology, applications, and materials have become more complex, but our business philosophy remains simple. Treat employees and customers – right. We do. And we'll do it for you.
So if you need a new net installation or are just getting started and have some questions, go ahead and call us at 604.530.2213 (Toll Free 1.800.667.9455) to discuss your project or request a quotation. You can also email [email protected] or complete our online form.


text:
<?php

namespace TetoCLI;

abstract class TestCase extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
}


Description: Rodney C Lipman MD is a business categorized under physicians & surgeons, which is part of the larger category offices of doctors of medicine. Rodney C Lipman MD is located at the address 5845 Centre Avenue in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206-3709. The Principal is Rodney Lipman who can be contacted at .