You are not on the current Support Package level?
• With S/4HANA 1610, the data model for material ledger data has been changed significantly, especially when Actual Costing is active.
2354768 S4TWL - Technical Changes in Material Ledger with Actual Costing.
2352383 S4TWL - Conversion to S/4HANA 1610 Material Ledger and Actual Costing.
You always need to migrate the material ledger, even if you were not using the material ledger in the source system.
Before starting the conversion, please make sure to implement relevant SAP Notes that are mentioned in SAP Note 2345739.
https://uacp.hana.ondemand.com/http.svc/rc/PRODUCTION/pdfe68bfa55e988410ee10000000a441470/1511%20000/en-US/CONV_OP1511.pdf (pages 100 - 104).
https://help.sap.com/s4hana_op_1511 --> Conversion Guide --> pages 100 - 104.
The transaction CKM3/CKM3N was refactored and now provides a simplified and improved view of materials in plants with active Actual Costing.
It replaces the former CKM3 view Price Determination Structure.
The former CKM3 Price History view is still available via transaction CKM3PH for all materials (independent of price determination control and active Actual Costing).
All other views formerly offered by CKM3/CKM3N are no longer available.
• Display of WIP Reduction for material; by default WIP Reduction is hidden; If WIP reduction is displayed, both WIP reduction and consumption of WIP for order are shown in opposite sign in different folder.
Remark: Data older than last period of previous year (related to the time of system conversion) cannot be displayed via transaction CKM3 because the 'old' data has not been converted to the MLDOC-tables. To show data older than last period of previous year you can use transaction CKM3OLD('Material Price Analysis') or CKM3PHOLD ('Material Price History').
As of S/4HANA 1610, there is a new Actual Costing with simplified data model and calculation logic.
You may find detailed explanations on this page.
Latest version of FMLBH: notes included in excel spreadsheet attached to the collective note 2633282 must be implemented for corresponding release/SP.
- It is not possible to post documents on a plant with Actual Costing active before running FCML4H_STARTUP.
2403356 - Check for Material Ledger Actual Costing Startup (after activation).
-> Report FCMLHELP_DEACT_PROXY_OBJECTS needs to be executed , to make sure that obsolete proxy objects are deactivated.
-> This is not needed, in case note 2404421 has been in the system at the time of executing migration step "Migration to SAP S/4HANA Finance --> Data Migration --> Regenerate CDS Views and Field Mapping".
- Execute the program FCML4H_STARTUP.
If you upgrade from SAP S/4HANA 1511 to SAP S/4HANA 1610, you don't have to execute any steps listed in the SAP Customizing Implementation Guide under Conversion of Accounting to SAP S/4HANA. Also, you don't have to execute any of the Finance specific preparation steps mentioned in SAP Note 2332030.
However, if in your source system actual costing is active for at least one plant (T001W-MGVUPD = X), you have to execute transaction FCML4H_STARTUP after an upgrade from SAP S/4HANA 1511. See note 2450377.
The program FCML4H_STARTUP will create stock and value information in table MLDOC for each period starting from last period of year before previous year (based on table ACDOCA_M_EXTRACT).
- It is required to finish all open costing runs before the upgrade.
After the upgrade, new costing runs can be created, also for the previous period.
Should you need further analysis of your specific scenario, please use our SAP ONE Support Launchpad.
We had implemented the upgrade from 1511 OP to 1709 in the middle of month. we have met the same issue as Neslihan Sahbaz described.
I don't know SAP how to resolve this issue.
As to the upgrade under S/4 HANA 1610, Please do remember that the new period must have any document until the upgrade finished.
must have not any document.


This inaugural edition of a monthly newsletter demonstrates an increasing desire to better communicate with the volunteers who participate in this wonderful cause of providing access to the world's records online.
Among other items, the newsletter pointed out the "FamilySearch Indexing Updates" page on the FamilySearch Wiki. The page highlights new projects and recently completed projects. It includes a table showing the progress of all active projects. It appears similar to the "Latest News" page of http://indexing.familysearch.org.
Rumor has it that the product manager for FamilySearch Indexing is a top notch man who worked for a company I cofounded. I can neither confirm nor deny this rumor (but he is top notch).
To become a volunteer indexer for FamilySearch, click here. To volunteer for Ancestry.com indexing, click here.
I love seeing the stats on what we've been able to accomplish as indexing volunteers.
You can use the link below to see the entire newsletter in your Internet browser. I got this from FamilySearch indexing.


text:
Pure Road Trip
Monte Hellman introduces his hard-to-find 1971 movie classic at the Loft
By James DiGiovanna
Monte Hellman will introduce the picture at 8 p.m., Saturday, June 18, at The Loft Cinema (795-7777); $10 general, $8 Tucson Film Society Members.
Two-Lane Blacktop
It wasn't just the illegal war and the lying president and the uncivilized divide between right and left that made America great in the 1970s. It was also the movies. This was an era of great filmmaking, of films like The Conversation, The Godfather, A Woman Under the Influence and Nashville, films that featured complex characters who were neither heroes nor villains. This moral ambiguity was part of a larger dedication to naturalism that infected the scripts, stories and cinematography of the period, producing some incredibly beautiful and human movies that every film-goer should be acquainted with.
And most of these classics are widely available, though one, considered the golden grail of cult movies from that era, has been tremendously hard to find: Monte Hellman's Two-Lane Blacktop.
This film defines the American road movie and was enormously influential on such modern-day independent filmmakers as Vincent Gallo and Richard Linklater. Linklater, in fact, called Two-Lane Blacktop "the purest American road movie ever," a claim it's hard to argue with.
The film opens, without credits or explanation, on a glorious shot of a drag race. You'll immediately notice the look and feel of this film. It's shot in Techniscope, a wide-screen process that used half as much film stock as Cinemascope, with increased grain and depth of field. The chance to see this projected is a rare treat, and you'll have one and only one chance to do so this weekend, when director Monte Hellman introduces the film at the Loft on Saturday night at 8.
The story and characters are intensely minimal. James Taylor plays "The Driver," Dennis Wilson of the Beach Boys plays "The Mechanic," Laurie Bird plays "The Girl," and the man who is proof that evolution selects for acting talent, Warren Oates, plays "The Guy in the GTO."
The plot is pretty simple: The Driver and The Mechanic take their souped-up '55 Chevy around the country seeking drag races in order to win enough money to pay for the gas to get them to the next race.
At a rest stop, The Girl gets into their car, and they drive off without asking her who she is or where she comes from. Her only question is "Which way we going?"
"East," replies the laconic Taylor.
"That's cool; I've never been east," she says.
The hippie-ish trio keeps passing the GTO on the road, and this infuriates the seemingly establishment Oates, who challenges them to a cross-country race. At first, Taylor taunts Oates for buying instead of building his car, but when Oates has engine trouble, The Driver and The Mechanic help him out, and they become something of a team.
The relationship between the characters marks this as a film from a different era. It's hard to imagine a contemporary film that featured a challenge like this and didn't depict one side as good and the other as evil. But in Hellman's version, Oates is a sad and damaged man who becomes increasingly sympathetic as he falls in love with The Girl.
Of course, Taylor is also falling in love with her, and as they zoom across the Southwest and into the Southeast, both the tension and the understanding between them builds.
Oates is, as always, amazing in his role. As he drives along, he picks up a series of hitchhikers and enthusiastically tells each of them a different and contradictory story about where he came from and where he's going. Taylor, a first-time actor, is also surprisingly good. Hellman directed him to play almost without affect, and it gives him a sort of smoldering, repressed anger and overall sense of defeat.
In fact, of the main cast, only Oates had any acting experience, and this lends the other three an unnerving naturalism, especially when played against Oates' polished performance as the compulsive liar. The script is full of quotable gems, and the bare-bones story winds up being much more complicated than it initially appears.
Probably the real star of the film, though, is the cinematography. Shots through dirty windshields and across desert wastelands manage to feel small and sad on the human scale by emphasizing the vast and enchanting inhuman environment. It's a perfect example of using landscape as a character.
All of these elements would seem dated if we watched this film 20 years ago, but this is the perfect time for a re-release, because what once seemed hopelessly chained to a specific time now seems timeless. The characters acquire an iconic quality and the broad, open style of shooting, with long, sustained shots, creates a sense of space that seems both universal and specifically American.
If you're serious about film, you'll not want to miss this. If you're not serious about film, but just want to watch something that takes cool to new levels of hot, then this is also the movie for you. The soundtrack is just as sought-after as the film itself, and the clothes and dialect of the characters dazzle with once-and-future hipness. Hellman's film may not have the polish of some of the better known '70s classics, but its rough edges and independent spirit make it more modern, accessible and enjoyable than a lot of movies being made today.
Two-Lane Blacktop is not showing in any theaters in the area.
Speaking of Drama
Preview Event: The Barrio Stories Project
By Natalia Navarro
Catch a Sneak Peek of New Show 'Rectify' TONIGHT At the Loft
By Kate Newton

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Power Incline : -3 % ~15%.
Belt Area: 555 X 3200 X2.7 Mm. Ortho Belt.
5 Speed & 5 Incline Hot Keys.
Air Step Cushion Deck With Enlarge Footrailfor Extra Safety.
Ergonomically Designed Ergo Handle Bar & Durable Frame Structure With Shock Absorber System For Ultimate Running Experience.
Exquisite Touch Control Panel With 4 Window Led & 1 Lap Window Display Speed, Time, Distance,calorie, Pulse And Incline.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
ST Teleport appointed official broadcaster for the 117th International Olympic Committee Session
Jul 2005 / E-Newsletters
ST Teleport has been appointed the Official Host Broadcaster for the 117th IOC Session in Singapore by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). From 6 to 9 July, the company will transmit 'live' video feeds of the session proceedings to broadcasters and news agencies around the globe from its Master Control Centre and Booking Centre situated at the Raffles Convention Centre.
The 117th IOC Session will be keenly watched by billions of people worldwide as cities including London, Madrid, Moscow, New York and Paris vie for a chance to host the 2012 Olympics.
As the official broadcaster, ST Teleport will play a crucial role in delivering the closely anticipated results when the chosen host city for the 2012 Olympic Games is announced 'live' to the world.


text:
Erin Moise, PA-C
Physician Assistant, Comprehensive Fetal Care Center
Dell Med Directory Bio: Erin Moise
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, MPAS
Texas A&M University, BS, Biomedical Sciences
Erin Moise, PA-C, is a licensed physician assistant in the Comprehensive Fetal Care Center, a clinical partnership between Dell Children's Medical Center and UT Health Austin. She specializes in providing surgical support during fetal surgery.
Erin Moise earned her master's in physician assistant studies from The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston and her bachelor's in biomedical sciences from Texas A&M University. She also completed a surgical technology course offered through Austin Community College.
Erin Moise's clinical interests include fetal heart anomalies and neural tube defects among others. Her research interests include the role of behavioral medicine and health in pregnancy and emerging therapies for treatment of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). She is a member of the American Association of Physician Assistants and the Texas Association of Physician Assistants.
Erin Moise is a physician assistant with UT Health Austin.
Fetal surgery
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN)
National Commission on the Certification of Physician Assistants, Physician Assistant
Texas Physician Assistant Board, Physician Assistant
REDCap Support Specialist


text:
← Clarification Upon Taking part in?
Getting any individual to assist you to make Range Starting up High canine Barbq & Spirits →
Top Choices Of Italian Girls
投稿日: 2020 年 12 月 5 日 作成者:
Maria Montessori, a health care provider, educator, and entrepreneur, who lived from 1870 to 1952, created the philosophy behind the famend Montessori college system. Growing up in Rome, she had a need for information, a trait that was not typically encouraged in Italian ladies presently. She graduated from medical college in 1896, becoming one of Italy's first female docs.
The earlier identity cast over them was shattered, and willingly or not they took the reins to manage how the new one took shape. Women started demanding totally different therapy and more recognition, kickstarting a robust ladies's rights movement. From education, to wages, to private rights and boundaries, they realized what they were entitled to as people and by proper of working. From manufacturing unit to field workers, from the countryside to the city, girls organized strikes, planned the opposition, penned requests, and drafted propaganda leaflets. As males had been enlisted, women turned householders, labored in factories, supported household and pals in need, and some were partisans — every thing at the similar time.
Because of this, casting administrators choose tall, slender women with medium to giant breasts and slender hips—my guess is that they are toying with innocence versus eroticism. In Italy, there's an enormous dissonance between real our bodies and the "ideal," to the purpose that many Italian women keep away from actions and even garments due to their bodies. By "bravery", she didn't simply mean carrying a short, kind-becoming costume with material barely draped on the sides, which gave it the sultry look of one thing out of a late-Nineteen Forties comic strip. She, sadly, meant having the audacity to wear that sort of garment as a woman who was not stick-skinny.
Area3 wrote a characteristic story on servicewomen and their impressions about life within the army. Army in Vicenza has a longstanding tradition of integration and partnership with the local community, the editor asked for contribution from choose female Soldiers from the two U.S. The Monitor is a peculiar little publication that's onerous for the world to figure out. We're run by a church, however we're not just for church members and we're not about converting individuals. We're known as being fair even as the world becomes as polarized as at any time since the newspaper's founding in 1908. "At first, within the Sixties and 1970s, was justified by saying they weren't prepared, they didn't have the competence,'' mentioned Liliana Ocmin, who coordinates the CISL labor union group's efforts for women.
The acquisition of citizenship by the international or stateless partner of an Italian citizen is regulated by Articles 5, 6, 7 and 8 of Law No. 91/ninety two. Hence the acquisition of citizenship takes place routinely only once they live collectively and the subject just isn't of authorized age based on the Italian legal system. Adoptees of authorized age can purchase citizenship by naturalization after 5 years of legal residence in Italy because the adoption. To verify that lineage started with an Italian ancestor ; to ascertain that the Italian ancestor retained Italian citizenship until the start of the descendants. The lack of naturalization or the date of any naturalization of the ancestor shall be proven by a certificate issued by the competent international Authority.
Type Of Beautiful Italian Women
On January twentieth, 2018 as an example, Italian ladies joined the gang of international ladies and men who marched in reaction to world and political events at Rome's second annual Women's March. This is not the first time Rome's women have stood up against what they perceive as unjust.
He was notably interested in Italian costume, and in 1857 he requested for items to be sent from Albano, near Rome. In his depictions of such gown he was not interested in authenticity, but took enjoyment of mixing up the totally different pieces to create a lovely juxtaposition of colors and textures. Looking at girls's roles inside the board, information at the end of 2020 confirmed female CEOs headed 15 corporations, which accounted for two.5% of total market capitalization on the Milan stock exchange.
Where You Can Find Beautiful Italian Women
She wears a white shirt under a black velvet bodice which is trimmed with purple ribbon, and over her arms yellow removable sleeves, decorated with a blue bow from which three blue ribbons fall. This study is considered one of a quantity that Corot painted over the last years of his life, lots of that are characterised by an air of introspection and melancholy.
She started to protest towards the racial legal guidelines of Benito Mussolini when she was in highschool and from that second she never stopped. Her whole life was devoted to the defense of the Constitution and to trying to unfold a deeply anti-fascist culture to the youngest. and he or she is now buried within the Basilica of St. Peter in Rome – certainly one of solely six women who've the honor of being buried there. Her Memorial Tomb was commissioned by the Pope, centuries later within the 1600's to Gian Lorenzo Bernini, the architect famous to be the creator of the Baroque in Italy. This particular a knockout post regulation – the primary of a series of sumptuary legal guidelines – restricted ladies's wealth, forbidding them to wear multi-colored garments, to own more than half a ounce of gold and to experience in an animal-drawn automobile within the city. A turning-point was the nationwide demonstration in 2011 in opposition to the hosting by Mr Berlusconi, then Italy's prime minister, of so-referred to as "Bunga Bunga" parties, whose many female guests included a sixteen-year-old.
Article 1 of Law No. 91/92 lays down that a person acquires Italian citizenship when born of a father or a mother who're Italian residents. Hence the principle of ius sanguinis – already enshrined within the previous laws – is reaffirmed as a key principle for the acquisition of citizenship, while the ius soli stays an exceptional and residual case. A. Funny story, other than my first time going to Korea as my first duty station, I have all the time requested my mother and father to observe my dog as a way of telling them I am heading abroad. I got my first canine Max, a beautiful golden retriever, while stationed in Korea as a 2nd lieutenant. Max went to stay with my parents while I went on a military transition team in Iraq for 10 months; then he was back with me until I went again to Korea in 2015. At the age of 10 years old, I didn't need to put Max by way of the stress of the 18-hour flight to Korea so he went to stick with my parents again for 3 years whereas his younger brother Leroy Brown, our chocolate labrador, who was solely 5-years-old, made the flight. When we came upon we were coming to Italy from Korea, Leroy was already at my mother and father along with his brother Max as we flew him forward of us as touring with canine is annoying.
Lucrezia Tornabuoni in Florence; Veronica Gambara at Correggio; Veronica Franco and Moderata Fonte in Venice; and Vittoria Colonna in Rome had been among the renowned women intellectuals of the time. Powerful women rulers of the Italian Renaissance, such as Isabella d'Este, Catherine de' Medici, or Lucrezia Borgia, mixed political talent with cultural pursuits and patronage. Unlike her peers, Isabella di Morra was saved a digital prisoner in her own castle and her tragic life makes her a symbol of feminine oppression. The authorized and social standing of Italian girls has undergone fast transformations and changes through the past decades.
As to the averageness speculation,6,10 the subject was not assessed in detail in the current research. Indeed, in a earlier analysis of the ladies participating in the 2006 beauty competition, the winner (Miss No. 17) seemed the lady who differed essentially the most from the population common,20 but this facet was not analyzed within the present research. A latest investigation from DeBruine et al29 discovered that there are specific nonaverage facial characteristics that are significantly attractive.26 Further investigations are needed to obtain a deeper insight into the problem. argued that ladies mustn't should pay for a warfare they wished nothing to do with. Between 2010 and 2018, Italy's gender-equality score, as measured by the European Institute for Gender Equality, elevated by more than ten points out of a hundred—the largest rise for any EU state.
All women came from northern Italy, and were admitted to this part of the competitions after a series of selections. Therefore, they need to represent what's at present thought-about "engaging," "positive," and "acceptable."18 The selection was independently made by judges who had been unaware that the women had been to be measured in a scientific investigation. Descriptive statistics were computed for every group of finalists and reference girls, and compared by one-way analysis of variance. For every girl, a single experienced operator positioned and marked 50 soft tissue landmarks by inspection and palpation8 . During landmark marking, the woman sat relaxed with a pure head place. All procedures have been noninvasive; didn't provoke damages, dangers, or discomfort to the subjects; and had been preventively permitted by the local ethics committee. Our Cultural Exchange program hosts younger Italian women in New York City and sends Italian American women to Rome, on alternating years, for immersive skilled and academic experiences.
In 1902, the first legislation to protect the labour of women was permitted; it forbade them working in mines and limited girls to twelve hours of labor per day. Between 1861 and 1925, ladies were not permitted to vote within the new Italian state. In 1864, Anna Maria Mozzoni triggered a widespread ladies's movement in Italy, by way of the publication of Woman and her social relationships on the occasion of the revision of the Italian Civil Code . In 1868, Alaide Gualberta Beccari began publishing the journal "Women" in Padua. The Napoleonic Age and the Italian Risorgimento offered for the first time to Italian girls the chance to be politically engaged.


text:
Poppy Lady of France recognised with a new biography in English
Anna Guérin, the Frenchwoman behind the Poppy Appeal, is largely unknown but a new book aims to redress that and show why the campaigner was such a trailblazer
Anna Guérin and the biography she inspired Pic: Heather Johnson / Pen & Sword Books
By Thomas Brent
In 2015, a Canadian woman asked Heather Johnson: "Who put that poppy on your lapel?"
Read more: How to buy a Remembrance Day poppy in France – or a bleuet
This simple question inspired her to delve into the history of Frenchwoman Anna Guérin, who Ms Johnson says has become a hero to her.
She published the first biography of Anna in October – The Poppy Lady.
'Born before her time'
"Anna was born before her time," Ms Johnson said.
"She was an independent woman and feminist who selflessly devoted part of her life to raising funds for French widows and orphans, combatants, not to mention the sick and the needy victims of the Great War, at a crucial time in history.
"There is much more to her, though. I wrote the book because I want more people to recognise this wonderful woman's legacy and interesting life."
Anna Alix Boulle was born on February 3, 1878, in Vallon-Pont-d'Arc in Ardèche.
Her protestant father was a farmer and respected member of the local community.
Anna's education enabled her to become one of the most esteemed teachers in French Madagascar when she and her first husband Paul Rabanit moved there after marriage.
When they divorced in 1907, Anna returned to France and remarried in 1910, becoming Madame Guérin.
'The greatest of all war speakers'
She began working for the Alliance Française in the UK, giving lectures about Madagascar and famous historical French women.
From 1914-18 she transferred to the US, arriving just after World War One began.
Discreetly, she spoke of the suffering in France and once the US joined the war, in April 1917, she openly lectured and raised funds for the war effort.
She was known as "the greatest of all war speakers" and reviews told of grown men crying during her talks.
Poppy Days
Following a brief return to France, Anna was sent back to the US after the war to form a new charity, the American-Franco Children's League, providing help to French children in need.
In all the states she visited, Anna formed committees of influential people.
She gave advice on how to recruit fee-paying members and, as part of this, began to organise 'Poppy Days'.
The idea of using a poppy as a symbol came from John McCrae's poem 'In Flanders Fields', which Anna particularly liked.
Her first 'Poppy Day' was held in October 1919, in Baltimore. She personally bought artificial poppies for the event and, as always, funds were sent to France.
'The Poppy Lady of France'
A year later, she began promoting her big idea, the Inter-Allied Poppy Day.
Women and children in devastated areas of France would be paid to make poppies to help families get back on their feet. Veterans' organisations would order the poppies at cost price, which included a small amount for Anna's children's league, and keep the rest for their funds.
Anna explained this idea at the American Legion's Convention in 1920 and it committed to supporting all of her 'Poppy Days', naming her 'The Poppy Lady of France'.
In May 1921, in the US, Anna's league held the world's first national Poppy Day.
She then took her idea global, to Canada, New Zealand and the British Legion in London.
The Legion at the time was hard up and Anna financed its order of poppies and was reimbursed after the first Poppy Day on November 11, 1921.
The idea subsequently took off and the poppy remains a symbol of commemoration and hope worldwide.
Why can I no longer order Remembrance Day items to France from UK?
Le Bleuet de France - origins of the French cornflower tradition
Did you know? First WW1 Tomb of the Unknown Soldier has French origins
poppy appeal
More from Profiles
The man behind the French film classic 'Jean de Florette'
How a French watchmaker became the father of modern stage magic


text:
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;

namespace BTCPayServer.Client.Models
{
    public class CreateCustodianAccountRequest
    {
        public string CustodianCode { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public JObject Config { get; set; }
    }
}


It makes sense that we often focus on the legal aspects of divorce: what will happen to your property, how the custody of your children will be shared, and what will happen to your shared accounts. However, it would be a mistake not to admit that the emotional side of divorce impacts every aspect of the process – and that it is extremely important to look after your mental and emotional health throughout your Washington divorce.
Both men and women may struggle with confidence and self-esteem in the aftermath of a divorce, sometimes even if they initiated the process or even if they agree that the separation was a good idea.
• Understand the real reasons behind your divorce. Often, we have tendencies to self-blame, when the more common reasons for divorce are issues like incompatibility, failure to communicate, or simply growing apart. Realizing that your divorce was not based on your lack of worth is key.
• Let go. It can be difficult to rebuild confidence if you are living in the past of your troubled marriage and brooding about mistakes that were made or anger that you still harbor. Letting go and allowing yourself a fresh start can help you think positively.
• Accept love from family and friends. Sometimes in marriage it is possible to get too much of your self-esteem wrapped up in one person: your spouse. When that relationship ends, you may feel like you lost your biggest cheerleader. Seek comfort in your family and friends – people who love you for who you are will help you find self-love.
• Empower yourself. Perhaps the best and fastest way to gain confidence is to build it through your own actions. Divorce is a fresh start and an opportunity to take chances, try new things, and return to old interests that you may have abandoned over time. Empowering yourself could even be as easy as standing up for yourself or speaking your mind.
At the Law Offices of Molly B. Kenny, our Seattle divorce attorneys understand that divorce is much more than a legal process. For assistance with your divorce or child custody case, call us today to schedule a consultation: 425-460-0550..


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text:
BETTER ON A CAMEL
BOAC and BEA reminiscences, memorabilia and history
About the charity 'Practical Action'
Foreword by Sir Ross Stainton, former Chairman of BOAC
Review of background to airline experiences and recollections
CHAPTER ONE - THE FAR EAST AND INDIAN OCEAN
airport and airline memoirs about the far east - from India and the Seychelles to Japan
Bangladesh - All Together Now! by John Anderson (1973)
Bangladesh - Memories of Dhaka, by Simon Watts (1981-1985)
Life and Work in Bangladesh
Burma - Lighting Up Time, by Gerry Catling (1954)
an airport story - cigars as insect repellent
Burma - The Day of the Dear Departed (1954), by Gerry Catling
memories of a delicate diplomatic exercise with BOAC in Burma
Burma, etc. - Britannias, by Alan Douglas
recollections of the Bristol Britannia in service with BOAC
Burma -The Sound Barrier, by Tony Russell (1972)
Dealings with the civil aviation authorities in Rangoon
Burma - The Fertiliser Factory, by David McCormack (1972)
memoirs of an airline manager - going the extra mile in customer service...
Burma - Cigars, Religion and Superstition, by Peter Jones (1975)
Meeting the Burmese People
Burma - Special Adviser to the Manager, by Peter Jones (1975)
attending a funeral in Rangoon
Burma - Burmese Days, by Peter Jones (1975)
a visit to Mandalay and the temples of Pagan
China - Learning Chinese by Ralph Glazer (1983)
Meeting CAAC
China - Scotland the Brave by Ralph Glazer (1985)
India - Holy Cow, by Ralph Glazer (1964)
Obstruction on the runway...
India - Delhi (Not) Singing in the Rain, by Ralph Glazer (1964)
Monsoon (and its Cargo) Close airport
India - The Morning Commuter, by Peter Fieldhouse (1970)
Getting to the office in Calcutta
Japan - The Mount Fuji Disaster, by James Wilson (1966)
a retrospective view of the management of the aftermath of a major air crash
Pakistan - Yaqoob and Musaleem, by Peter Liver (1987)
fond memories of two aged retainers
Philippines - Cutting it Fine, by David Hogg (1970)
memoir of the chaos to civil aviation caused by a typhoon in Manila
Philippines - Being British, by David Hogg (1969)
reactions to an earthquake
Sri Lanka (Ceylon) - The Day my Number (almost) Came up, by Gerry Catling (1960)
memories of a BOAC Comet 4 landing on a wet runway..
Seychelles Days, by Mike McDonald (1974-1977)
An island idyll..civil aviation (and British Airways) arrive in the Seychelles
CHAPTER TWO - THE MIDDLE EAST
airport and airline reminiscences and memorabilia in the Middle East
Abu Dhabi - Ice Cold in Abu Dhabi, by Graham Moss (1970)
keeping VC-10 passengers cool on the ground
Abu Dhabi - Sand Trap, by David Hogg (1972)
hazards of driving in the desert
Dubai - a Training Posting, by Peter Liver (1970)
Bahrain - The Traffic Manual Expert, by David Meyrick (1962)
an air cargo problem - loading a BOAC DC7F
Bahrain - The Thunderstorm, by Ron Colnbrook (1968)
a scary flying story
Iran - The Nosewheel Incident, by Alan Hillman (1965)
a problem on the runway in Tehran
Iran - Hold Five, by Brian Cannadine (1972)
Teheran Airport - animal alert!
Israel - Cultural Differences, Mike McDonald (1972)
airline tales from Tel Aviv
Kuwait in the Fifties by Jamil Wafa (1955)
Kuwait - a 'Fifth Pod' Operation, by Jack Wesson (1965)
a BOAC flight planner's nightmare
Kuwait - the Oil Drillers, by John Cogger (1970)
a BOAC Sales Manager at work - life in the fast lane
Kuwait - Out of the Fog, by Peter Richards (1991)
Return to Kuwait after the Gulf War
Yemen - Sana'a Memories, by David Hogg (1973)
a testimony of everyday life in the Yemen
Saudi Arabia - Abdul and the Bacon, by David Hogg (1973)
a treat goes missing
Dhahran, Saudi Arabia - Rats! An Unwelcome Customer, by John Anderson (1978)
An Unwelcome Passenger
CHAPTER THREE - AFRICA
recollections and tales of life with BOAC and British Airways in Africa
Ghana - the Watchman, by Anthony Farnfield (1966)
a letter in the files
Kano, Nigeria - Willie on the Rampage, by Pat Noujaim (1959)
The randiest dachshund in Northern Nigeria nearly causes a delay
Nigeria - Bush Telegraph, by David Hogg (1965)
bad news travels fast in West Africa
Nigeria - Things Other than the World Cup, by Don Ford (1966)
BOAC involved in events in Lagos before the Biafran War
Nigeria - Boom Times, by Peter Jones (1975-1979)
the oil boom in Nigeria in the seventies
Nigeria - an Attempted Coup, by Peter Jones (1976)
violent regime change in Nigeria
Nigeria - Living and Working in Lagos, by Peter Jones (1975-1979)
stories of expatriate life in Nigeria
Nigeria and Concorde, by Peter Jones (1976-1979)
How Nigerians took to Concorde
Nigeria - Never Knowingly Undersold, by Peter Jones (1979)
Travails with the Lagos Telephone Company
Nigeria - Student Travel, by Peter Jones (1981)
a student goes to the wrong destination
Nigeria - Lagos Airport Again! by Nick Robertson (1989-90)
Wild West (Africa)
Ethiopia - Petrol Rationing, by Doug Tester (1975)
Michael to the rescue
Uganda - The Road to Kampala, by Peter Liver (1972)
a moment in history - BOAC in Uganda in the days of Idi Amin
Uganda - Exodus of the Ugandan Asians, by Mike Wickings (1972)
Organising the departure of Asians from Uganda
Uganda - Kenneth's Mortars, by John Anderson (1972)
Diplomatic Incident in East Africa
Zambia - Jottings from the Copperbelt, by Peter Jones (1969-1972)
Malawi - The President's Plane, by Peter Woodrow (1977)
VIP Travel to the Commonwealth Conference...
Kenya - Nairobi 1956 etc., By Maurice Flanagan
early memories of BOAC in Nairobi
Kenya - The Frustrations of the Comet 4, by Don Ford (circa 1962)
recollections of ingenious improvisation to make best use of space in the BOAC Comet 4
Kenya - Customer Recovery, Kenya Style, By Simon Watts (1988)
Going the extra mile...
Kenya - Concorde and other big beasts, by Simon Watts (1986-90)
Concorde and other big beasts
Kenya - Nanyuki Wedding, by Steve Sturton-Davies (1992)
a wedding in the bush
Egypt - The Six Day War, By Ron Colnbrook (1967)
memories of a war zone
Libya, Sudan and Iraq - The Personal and Confidential File, by Roddy Wilson (1955-1960)
more camel stories...
Libya - Monkeys in a Hangar, by Ralph Glazer (1954)
Wildlife in Tripoli
Libya - The spirit of Christmas Past, by Gerry Catling (1958)
hijinks in the Tripoli transit lounge
Libya (and Ceylon) Unaccompanied Minors by Gerry Catling (1959)
The difficulties that younger passengers sometime cause...
CHAPTER FOUR - THE CARIBBEAN, AMERICAS AND ATLANTIC OCEAN
Jamaica - Dr No by Mike McDonald (1964/1974)
a James Bond memory
St. Lucia - Hurricane Allen, by Peter Jones (1980)
surviving a major hurricane
St.Lucia - The Wrong Taxiway, by Peter Jones (1983)
consequences of miscommunication
St. Lucia - The Red Lady, by Peter Jones (1983)
voodoo and the Boeing 747 - an unsolved mystery
St. Lucia - The Collector, by Peter Jones (1983)
An Illegal 'Collector' of Rare Species is seen off
St. Lucia - There's a Hole in the Runway, by Peter Jones (1984)
suspension of operations in St Lucia
Trinidad - Management Skills, by Bill Smith (1965)
learning the ropes, the hard way
Bahamas - Cabin bags and Elephants, by Tony Russell (1966)
squashed baggage
Canada - Gander, Crossroads of the World, by Gerry Catling (1956)
Transatlantic travel as it used to be
Mexico - A Day in Mexico City, by Ralph Glazer (1975)
Concorde, a Road Accident and the Mexican Police
Panama - Don't Stop! by David Hogg (1975-1980)
what about the snakes?
Panama - Flying Positive, by David Hogg (1975-1980)
BAC-111 pilots in Central America
Chile - Chile-Chile-Bang-Bang, by Howell Green (1994)
Frustrations in the queue for take-off
Uruguay - Jet Flight Arrives in South America, by Alan Douglas (1959)
introducing the Comet 4 in South America
USA - I Was There That Day, by Jonathan Martin (1963)
Dallas 1963, the day of President Kennedy's assassination
USA - The Cricket Team, by Peter Jones (1964)
cricket in New York with BOAC?
USA - The New World, by Don Ford (1967-1969)
An expatriate airport manager comes to Chicago
Ascension and Falkland Islands - Encounters of the Third Kind, by Bruce Fry (1985-1987)
a BOAC station engineer goes on secondment to the RAF in the Falklands
CHAPTER FIVE - EUROPE
UK - A Shetland Story, by Anthony McLauchlan (1972)
Bulgaria - Fog in London, by Mike Lewin (1976)
BEA schedules affected by fog in London
Cyprus - Suez and the Rocky path of True Love, by Gerry Catling (1956-57)
effect of Suez on BA schedules and social life..
Cyprus - the Hijack, by Bruce Fry (1970)
when a hijacked BOAC VC-10 diverted all flights to Nicosia
Cyprus - The Turkish Invasion, by Taff Lark (1974)
Evacuation of tourists when Cyprus invaded by Turkish forces
Germany - from BSAA to the Berlin Airlift, by Charlie Item Smith (1948-49)
Following the BSAA disasters, the Avro Tudor fleet is assigned to the Berlin Airlift as fuel tankers
Germany - Learning German, by Larry Gorton (1966)
recollections of a BEA manager having problems learning German
Italy - The Secret of Fiumicino, by Bill Smith (1967)
airport customer service staff get a morale boost and valuable lessons for motivation are learned
Romania - Heidi's Haggis, by Mike Lewin (1971)
a bit of BEA memorabilia - ingenuity in the kitchen saves Burns Night in Bucharest
Poland - The Stand-off, by Roy Burnham (1978)
an encounter with American presidential security guards
Russia (USSR) Trans Siberian Start-up, by Brian Burgess (1969-1972)
planning for an historic moment - BOAC's trans Siberian route to Japan
Russia(USSR) - The Omelette Factory, by Peter Richards (1970s)
Navigating over Siberia
Russia (USSR) - Red Faces in Red Square, By Bernard Garvie (1970)
Diplomatic Incident with Chandelier
Russia (USSR) The Security Guard, by Peter Richards (1976)
How to scare a Russian Security Officer
Russia(USSR) the Golf Lesson, by Peter Richards (1976)
In a Moscow Hotel Room..
Russia (USSR) -The Stewardess, by Taff Lark (1980)
shades of 007
Russia (USSR) - Domodedovo Airport, 'the House of my Grandfather' by Mike McDonald (1989)
a memoir of early days at Moscow's Domodedovo Airport
Spain - Dictatorship and Honour, by Gerry Catling (1960)
a recollection of Franco's Spain - negotiating the 'personal honour' code at Madrid Airport
Spain - A Soft Touch, by Ralph Glazer (1971)
A Meeting with Franco
Switzerland - The Precision of the Swiss, by Gerry Catling (1968)
recollections of how we proved to the airport authority that the Super VC-10 was not a noisy aircraft
Further reading and watching for addicts....
PICTORIAL APPENDIX
Some miscellaneous photos that don't have a story to go with them
In the airport at Lagos, the geography is similar to that of London Heathrow Terminal 1, with arrivals on the ground floor, the main check-in concourse on the first floor, with stairs leading to a balcony, off which were all the airline offices. The balcony was on the rear wall of the check-in level and the front wall was entirely glass.
One night, (probably in 1989 or 1990) I was walking along the balcony towards the BA office when I heard a very large bang, followed by a brief tearing noise somewhere above my head. I looked around but couldn't see anything and nobody was running about, so I thought no more about it.
At that time, the baggage belts broke down so frequently that they kept baggage carts, usually found on the tarmac, on the check-in concourse so that bags could be trucked to the goods lift and taken down to the ramp. I just assumed that the loud bang was the sound of a heavy steel tow-bar hitting the tiled floor in the check-in area.
Around 20 minutes later, one of the staff rushed in to say that there had been a shooting in the car park and that a courier, unfortunately, had died as a result. At the time in Nigeria, there was a roaring trade in hard currency, which was traded illegally all over the country. The official rate of exchange was around 4 Naira to £1 and the racketeers were giving up to 25 Naira to the pound. Therefore, most expatriates working in Nigeria, myself included, brought in hard currency and exchanged it at the black-market rate. It was, strictly speaking, against the law but nobody ever got prosecuted, so it went on everywhere and made the cost of living much more affordable.
This meant that there were a group of people who had enormous amounts of hard currency, in pounds, US dollars, French francs, deutschmarks etc but no means of officially accounting for it. The banks were not an option, even if they had been secure. Therefore, every night of the week, a courier with 2 large suitcases full of money would travel to London on the BA flight. I'm not sure what they did with the money when they got there but I could hazard a guess that it wasn't that legal in the UK either!
The loud bang that I had heard was a stray bullet, from the fracas in the car park, smacking through the 2 cm thick plate glass window at the front of the building and the brief tearing noise was it burying itself in the ceiling tiles above my head!
The last time I was in Lagos, in 2002, I had a look and the bullet hole in the glass front of the building is still there.
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text:
The Apostasy Fatwas
by Mark Durie
Published Friday February 1, 2008
from A Common Word Between Us and You
republished Friday February 15, 2008
Introduction and Summary
A Common Word Between Us and You is an open letter from the Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute for Islamic Thought of Jordan. Dated 13 October 2007. It is addressed to the Pope, and other Christian leaders throughout the world, and is signed by 138 Muslims leaders from around the world. This letter invites Christians to agree together with Muslims on principles of love for God and one's neighbour, emphasising justice and freedom of religion.
These notes here document how the Royal Aal Al-Bayt Institute has several fatwas 'legal verdicts or edicts' posted on its website, which condemn people to death who have left Islam, specifically including Muslim-background Christians. If they are not killed, then these so-called 'apostates' are to be treated as legal non-persons, having no rights before the law. One of the fatwas identifies a Jordanian Christian man by name as an apostate.
There is a contradiction in the actions of the Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute. On the one hand the Institute is inviting Christians to come together with Muslims based on principles of love and mutual respect, but on the other hand it is condemning Christians to death simply because they have changed their religious beliefs away from Islam. This contradiction and lack of reciprocity should be pointed out by Christians in interfaith dialogue with Muslims; the Aal al-Bayt Institute should be requested to remove such hate-inciting statements from its website; and Christians who have signed letters welcoming the 'Common Word' letter without reservation should withdraw their signatures.
altafsir.com
The letter to Christians known as A Common Word appears to affirm loving one's neighbour, and states '…justice and freedom of religion are a crucial part of love of the neighbour'. However one should consider carefully whether the signatories of A Common Word have the same understanding of 'freedom of religion' and 'justice' as their intended Christian audience. How can one learn more about the people who wrote and signed this letter?
The Royal Aal al-Bay Institute, which produced the Common Word letter, is engaged in interfaith dialogue with Christians, and information about these activities can be found at acommonword.com, the web site for the Common Word project. If the reader accesses this site, and follows the link entitled THE GREAT TAFSIR PROJECT they will be taken to altafsir.com. This is another site maintained by the Institute, a repository of Islamic knowledge. This material comes highly commended. On the home page of altafsir.com there is a commendation by Ahmad Al-Tayyib, the rector of Al-Azhar University:
We were delighted by viewing this site wherein we found a sea of knowledge copiously flowing with works of exegesis and the fundamental references and sources in this primary field of the Islamic Sciences and Heritage.
The home page also states:
ALTAFSIR.COM is a completely free, non-profit website providing access to the largest and greatest online collection of Qur'anic Commentary (tafsir or tafseer), translation, recitation and essential resources in the world.
This is a very popular site. At the foot of the front page of altafsir.com, a message reported in February 2008 that a total or more than 2.6 million 'unique visitors' had accessed the site since 2006.
It is entirely appropriate for Christian readers of A Common Word to study the teachings contained on altafsir.com, so that they can gain a deeper understanding of the Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute's activities. However some may find this difficult because most of the site's resources are – quite understandably – in Arabic. However, for passages that are in modern rather than classical Arabic, Google's Arabic translator, found here, can help address this problem.
"Ask the Mufti": the Chief Scholar of the Aal al-Bayt Institute's edicts on Apostasy
There is a collection of fatwas on the altafsir.com site which deal with the subject of apostasy from Islam (ridda). At the time of writing (February 2008), they could be found here.
These fatwas are posted in a section of the site called 'Ask the Mufti'. They were written by the Chief Scholar of the Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute, His Excellency Shaykh Sa'id Hijjawi, who was formerly Grand Mufti of Jordan from 1992-2007, and before that Mufti in Oman. A brief CV of the former Grand Mufti can be found here, which also has a further link through to more biographical details. Among his many activities as one of the leading jurists of the Middle East, Shaykh Sa'id Hijjawi has been a participant in high-level, international interfaith dialogue meetings with Christians.
A Grand Mufti is the highest religious authority in a Sunni Muslim nation. He is called upon to issue edicts (fatwas) on legal questions. These may be requested by individuals, or by courts. The collected corpus of his edicts form an authoritative legal resource.
Shaykh Hijjawi is one of the signatories of A Common Word, and as the Chief Scholar of the Aal Al-Bayt Institute, which produced the letter, we can assume that he not only endorses the letter, but may well have helped compose it.
There are sixteen separate fatwas (in Arabic) relating to apostasy by Shaykh Hijjawi on altafsir.com. Some of these, such as No's 3 and 5, refer explicitly and in considerable detail, to how Christians who have left Islam are to be treated.
One fatwa, No. 13, is especially interesting. It is dated from 1996, and mentions a Jordanian Christian by name. In this fatwa a legal inquiry is presented by someone whom the Gram Mufti refers to as 'a respected lawyer'. Evidence is tendered that the individual has returned to Christianity after having been a Muslim. The accused however is claiming his right to become a Christian, on the grounds that Jordan's Constitution guarantees freedom of religion. But what is the Grand Mufti's verdict? In reply, the Grand Mufti rules that the man is an apostate, and can be prosecuted. This fatwa is especially relevant because it demonstrates that, according to the Grand Mufti, there is no freedom of religion for Muslims to choose whether to believe in Islam, and no human rights for Christians who have left Islam.
Verses of the Qur'an, as well as hadiths (traditions) of Muhammad are cited by the Grand Mufti to support his rulings: some of these authorities are reproduced below.1
Here are some of the points made in the Grand Mufti's fatwas. (The pronoun 'he' is used to refer to the apostate, following the Arabic, although the penalties apply to both men and women):
If a Muslim rejects Islam, he is to be declared an apostate.
Whoever desires a religion other than Islam, it shall not be accepted from him and in the Hereafter he shall be among the losers. (Sura 3:58)
Apostasy must be proved by the actions or declarations of belief of the apostate.
To be declared an apostate, someone must be an adult (having attained puberty), and be in their right mind.
Someone who is coerced to renounce Islam overtly, while remaining a believer in their heart, cannot be declared to be an apostate:
Whoever disbelieves in God after [having affirmed] his faith — except for him who is compelled, while his heart is at rest in faith — but he who opens up his breast to unbelief, upon such shall be wrath from God, and there is a great chastisement for them. (Sura 16:106)
Before an apostate is sentenced, he must be invited to repent and come back to Islam:
Say to the disbelievers, that if they desist, that which is past will be forgiven them; but if they return, the way of [dealing with] the ancients has already gone before! (Sura 8:38)
The punishment for apostasy is death, mandated by Allah when he said 'sedition (fitna) is graver than slaying':
They ask you about the sacred month, and fighting in it. Say, 'Fighting in it is a grave thing; but to bar from God's way, and disbelief in Him, and the Sacred Mosque, and to expel its people from it – that is graver in God's sight; and sedition is graver than slaying.' They will not cease to fight against you until they turn you from your religion if they are able; and whoever of you turns from his religion, and dies disbelieving – their works have failed in this world and the Hereafter. Those are the inhabitants of the Fire, abiding therein. (Sura 2:217)
The death penalty is also supported by clear sayings of Muhammad (hadiths):
The prophet said 'Whoever changes his religion, kill him.'2
Muhammad gave three reasons for which the killing of a Muslim is a legal act: infidelity after belief, adultery after marriage, and murder (defined as the illegal killing of another).3
The sentence for apostasy must be passed by the Muslim ruler.
If the apostate is not put to death, other rules apply:
His marriage is annulled by virtue of his apostasy.
He cannot not inherit the wealth of any of his relatives – whether they are Muslims or not – because the apostate is legally regarded as dead.
None of his actions after apostasy has any legal validity (as the apostate is a legal non-person).
An apostate cannot remarry, whether to a Muslim or a non-Muslim.
He cannot be a guardian for anyone else, so he loses custody of his children, and an apostate father has no say over his daughters' marriages.
Those who wait in watch for you, and, if a victory comes to you from God, say, 'Were we not with you?' but if the disbelievers have some luck, they say, 'Did we not gain mastery over you, and did we not defend you against the believers?' God will judge between you on the Day of Resurrection, and God will never grant the disbelievers a way over the believers. (Sura 4:141)
An apostate must not be prayed for by Muslims after their death, and must not be buried in a Muslim cemetery.
If a male apostate repents and comes back to Islam, and wishes to resume his marriage, he must remarry his wife with a new ceremony, and provide a new dowry for her.
The apostate's wealth and possessions are to be entailed upon an heir. If the apostate repents and returns to Islam, he receives his wealth back. If he dies while still apostate, his wealth is inherited by his Muslim heir, but only the amount which he had at the time of his apostasy. Any wealth which has accrued after he left Islam is considered fay4 (and thus the collective property of the Muslim community).
Implications for dialogue
It does not seem to be the case that the signatories of A Common Word understand concepts such as justice, loving one's neighbour and 'freedom of religion' in the same way that most Christians would. The Chief Scholar of the Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute, who was a highly prominent signatory of the Common Word letter, is calling for Christians who have converted to Islam to be killed, or else they should be deprived of their rights and treated legally as 'dead men walking.' Indeed, because these fatwas are available over the internet, former Grand Mufti and the Royal Aal al-Bayt Institute are effectively calling for the death of Christians day after day, and will do so until this material is taken down from the site.
Christians — and many others as well — will regard this as a moral inconsistency. How can anyone invite Christians to affirm loving one's neighbour and freedom of religion, and at the same time promote the killing of Christians, just because they have left Islam? If freedom of religion means anything, it means the right to choose what one believes. This is an excellent issue to raise in interfaith dialogue with the signatories of A Common Word.
It is also worth asking how peace can be achieved in this world as long as violence is promoted as the way to resolve religious differences.
Christians who wish to enter into dialogue with Muslims on the basis of the invitation offered to them in A Common Word should ask the Aal al-Bayt Institute to take the apostasy fatwas off its website, and offer an public apology to former Muslims for inciting hatred and violence against them. This would be a most welcome sign of good will, and demonstrate a commitment to universal values of reciprocity, love for one's neighbour and freedom of religion.
Finally, the Christian scholars and leaders who have signed letters welcoming A Common Word should consider withdrawing their signatures.
1 The English translation of the Qur'an used here is that produced by the Aal al-Bayt Institute. This can also be found on altafsir.com.
2 Sahih al-Bukhari 9.57.
3 'The blood of a Muslim who confesses that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that I am His Apostle, cannot be shed except in three cases: … for murder; a married person who commits illegal sexual intercourse; and the one who reverts from Islam …' (Sahih al-Bukari 9.83.17.)
4 Derived from a root meaning to 'return to a good state' or 'restore', fay is reported by the great Arabic lexicographer Lane to mean 'the possessions of the unbelievers, as accrues to the Muslims' without war, or after the cessation of hostilities. This bloodless booty is what Allah has 'restored to the people of his religion, of the possessions of those who have opposed them, without fighting, either by the latter's quitting their homes and leaving them vacant to the Muslims, or by their making peace on the condition of paying a poll-tax or other money or property to save themselves from slaughter.' (Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon. Vol 6, p. 252, citing Al-Azhari, a tenth century Arabic lexicographer.)
Original piece is http://acommonword.blogspot.com/2008/02/apostasy-fatwas-and-common-word-between.html
Christians in Betlehem,Gaza and South Lebanon are suffering the "Fay" horrific injustice that their homes and lands are being confiscated by their moslim rulers' interpretation of this Islamic belief system.. Pure theft! Contrary to Israel's way in '48:Israel offered the Arabs to stay. Only when they left and did not return after the Arab armies / leaders instructed them to leave all and to return after the Jews have been pushed into the sea.Israel even offered the following day via the radio to return to their homes,otherwise those who fled would be seen as collaborators with the enemy."The Apostasy Fatwas"' Quote of FAY: Derived from a root meaning to 'return to a good state' or 'restore', fay is reported by the great Arabic lexicographer Lane to mean 'the possessions of the unbelievers, as accrues to the Muslims' without war, or after the cessation of hostilities. This bloodless booty is what Allah has 'restored to the people of his religion, of the possessions of those who have opposed them, without fighting, either by the latter's quitting their homes and leaving them vacant to the Muslims, or by their making peace on the condition of paying a poll-tax or other money or property to save themselves from slaughter.' (Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon. Vol 6, p. 252, citing Al-Azhari, a tenth century Arabic lexicographer.)
Posted by MEW on 2008-03-07 19:41:49 GMT
Apart from the sanctioning of lies, the supremicism, the supercessionism and the merciless penalties, three other matters concern me: these is no appelate process against the pronouncement of apostasy; the person pronouncing penalties is an enelected cleric; a person from the age of puberty is treated as an adult. This barbaric, pre-medieval creed must be opposed and defeated!
Posted by paul2 on 2008-02-17 12:53:45 GMT
This article is very enlightening for all those idiots believing pacific coexistence with Islam is possible but then again, look at how many cults there are in America that sprouted out like mushrooms after a rain and how many pseudo-intellectuals still worried to death about important issues such as what was first: the hen or the egg... To me is worrying the amount of converts this bloody, YES, bloody religion has been able to make among jailbirds, which I add to the fascist and racist cult of MAD DOG followers (Black Muslims) and their stupid creed, according to which all white men are demons and lets not talk about what the Koran says about Jews....
Posted on 2008-02-17 11:45:33 GMT
Promoting faith in God through deception and lies is a real losers' game. It is the trademark of the fanatic whose god is their plaything in the quest for worldly power and glory. Don't these guys know that there is a Day of Reckoning? Then again maybe they don't believe in that either.
Posted by theterribl on 2008-02-17 03:28:54 GMT
This article should be sent to all those who participate and or believe in Interfaith actions including the Leaders of our comunity
Posted by E.E. on 2008-02-16 01:01:50 GMT
To me, it is enough to read Mohammed´s teachings about duplicity, which he applied to the Jewish tribe of Mecca keeping them buttered up until such time he gathered enough followers and then killed them all. It is a book about duplicity and either the foolish and stupid western world contains it at even at risk of genocide if need be or Islam will dominate the world. Europe is already in their bag and the USA with its foolish laws Muslims are using to their advantage, is next.....
Looking at this reminds me of Oslo. Israel gave and Arafat and his thugs took. Even though Israel fulfilled their Oslo agreements, the Arafat clan didn't implement one "agreement". In fact he boasted about it being another well planed Trojan Horse. This "commom word" is another Trojan Horse. All Christian leaders who have signed such an agreement should be asked to step down from their positions. For whatever reason, either ignorance or stupidity, they are not capable of carrying out their duties as "protectors of the flock". This is a very serious issue. I can understand the unlearned having some difficulties in seperating the god of Islam and the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, but for the life of me I cannot understand or put up with the so-called learned and educated not knowing the difference, or even worse knowing the difference and not telling the populace the truth. Talk about wolves in sheeps clothing. I believe in the Bible, I believe in having a Torah based life, I believe Yeshua is the Messiah, but I want it known that I want nothing to do with those who call themselves believers in the Messiah of Israel and sign such documents. I am very glad my Heavenly Father makes the decision on who is and who is not a citizen of Biblical Israel, as I believe these "common word" people have lost the right to such citizenship. HaShem makes or has made the laws that Biblical Israel is to live by, known as Torah. Islam has no; I repeat NO place in the Kingdom of the one true God.
Posted by Philip Hammond. on 2008-02-15 08:27:09 GMT


A Man With One Hand in His Pocked With an Idea.
Image Description: A man with one hand in his pocked with an idea clipart image. This is a clipart illustration by Chud Tsankov showing a man with one hand in his pocked with an idea. Stock photography by Chud Tsankov.


text:
Longa Island  (Gaelic: Longa) is a small uninhabited island at the mouth of Loch Gairloch, on the west coast of Scotland. Longa is nearly  in length with an area of  and a maximum elevation of  above sea level.

Geology
The island is mainly sandstone covered with grass and heather.

Economy
In the early nineteenth century, there was a small fishing community, but by the late nineteenth century, the island had become deserted. Today only sheep graze the island in the summer months.

Notes and references

Former populated places in Scotland
Uninhabited islands of Highland (council area)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Contractors Should Consider Alternative Accounting Methods On Long
Leave a Comment	/ Bookkeeping / By calvaryassembly
Contractors Must Know All Accounting Options
New Gaap Rule: Accounting Standard Codification 606 revenue From Contracts With Customers Asc
Advantages Of A Completed Contract Method
Example Of The Completed Contract Method
When Should A Company Recognize Revenues On Its Books?
Disadvantages Of A Completed Contract Method
With the completed contract method, there are no progress billings but rather deposits as the project progresses. With the percentage of completion method, the customer pays off the invoice as progress billings during the interim time period, thereby recognizing the net profit on a job as it progresses toward completion. Once the accounting cycle closes, the contractor will transfer the entire amount to the income statement that is in the progress billings. Among the many opportunities for small businesses created by tax reform is the expansion and simplification of rules for businesses with less than $25 million in average annual gross receipts. For construction companies, this change in accounting method creates an opportunity to defer income on contracts they likely would have recognized in the past.
In recent years, the IRS initiated a compliance campaign specifically targeting large residential land developers from misclassifying land development contracts and improperly using the CCM by deferring all income until completion of the entire development. Careful consideration should be given when determining the method of accounting for long-term contracts.
The tax liability would be higher under the completed contract method versus using the percentage of completion approach since some of the revenue would have already been recognized. Final regulations were published in the Federal Register on January 5, 2021, to reflect legislative changes implemented by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Actwhich expanded the exception for small construction contracts from the requirement to use the PCM. The final regulations generally affect taxpayers with average annual gross receipts of not more than $25 million, as adjusted for inflation. The final regulations are applicable for taxable years beginning on or after January 5, 2021; however, these regulations may be applied for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, and before January 5, 2021, provided certain criteria are met. This method requires taxpayers to report income by applying a percentage of completion to the gross contract price determined by comparing the costs incurred before the close of the tax year with the estimated total contract costs (Sec. 460).
However, at its core, the PPP intended to provide tax-free forgivable loans if the proceeds were utilized to cover eligible expenses. Let's discuss the impact one by one under US GAAP and IFRS accounting standards.
IRC 460 provides industry-specific tax rules and includes several exceptions. Choosing between cash basis and accrual basis accounting should be a non-issue for many construction companies given that any firm that needs to produce GAAP financial statements must use accrual. In short, when using the cash method, income and expenses are recognized when cash is received or when expenses are paid. The cash method is most favorable when a taxpayer has large receivable balances and smaller payable balances. This Portfolio supplies taxpayers with guidance in applying the long-term contract accounting methods and the special set of tax accounting rules provided by the Internal Revenue Code. Recognition of revenues, job costs, and profits are deferred until the year the job is completed.
What is full cost recovery?
Full cost recovery means securing funding for all the costs involved in running a project. This means that you can request funding for direct project costs and for a proportionate share of your organisation's overheads.
Estimated Total Cost If there is a dispute in regards to the contract price, and the amount of the dispute is small in relation to the total amount of the contract, then reportable income is determined by subtracting the contract price by the amount in dispute. Any additional costs incurred in completing the performance of the contract are deductible against the recognized disputed revenue. The completed contract method is a rule for recording both income and expenses from a project only once the entire project is complete. This contrasts with the percentage-of-completion method , which recognizes a portion of revenue as the contractor completes the contract.
Since revenue recognition is postponed, tax liabilities might also be postponed, but expense recognition, which can reduce taxes, is likewise delayed. The 263A uniform capitalization rule requires that certain costs that would normally be expensed be capitalized as part of inventory for tax purposes. The new $25 million average gross receipt threshold brought about by the new tax will have a big impact on construction businesses and other businesses that have inventory. Many businesses unnecessarily struggle as they search for financing or never explore financing options from more than one financial institution.
In this case, however, Build-It should be able to finish the property and turn it over to another buyer.
Under PCCM, 70% of the contract is reported under PCM, while the remaining 30% is reported under EPCM.
When B takes possession of the factory and begins operations in December 2002, B is dissatisfied with the location and workmanship of certain heating ducts.
In the first year, the company reported revenues and expenses as much as construction costs incurred, which amounted to Rp220.
Allocation of the total transaction price to the various performance obligations is based on estimates of standalone pricing for each obligation.
Before project completion, this method usually has no useful information to the reader, especially on the financial statements.
The reason is that the recognition of such revenue happens only after the completion of the project. Another term for the completed contract method is the contract completion method. Using CCM accounting can help avoid having to estimate the cost of a project, which can prevent inaccurate forecasts.
Further, construction doesn't happen in a warehouse or on an assembly line — it occurs on various job sites. This difference requires a unique set of controls surrounding materials, labor and work in process.
A partnership that distributes a contract accounted for under a long-term contract method of accounting must apply paragraph of this section before applying the rules of section 751 to the distribution.
Except for home construction contracts, the PCM method must be used for all current CCM contracts to determine any alternative minimum tax liability, and the lookback method must be applied to determine any overpayment or underpayment of interest.
NOLs can no longer be carried back, and NOL carry forward amounts can only offset 80% of income in a given year under the new rules.
The completed contract method allows all revenue and expense recognition to be deferred until the completion of a contract.
Thus, any payments between the old taxpayer and the new taxpayer with respect to the contract in connection with the transaction are not treated as allocable contract costs. Follow-on contracts) are not included in estimated total allocable contract costs for the initial contract.
Deferred Tax LiabilityDeferred tax liabilities arise to the company due to the timing difference between the accrual of the tax and the date when the company pays the taxes to the tax authorities. This is because taxes get due in one accounting period but are not paid in that period. Taxes As The Taxes Are DeferredDeferred Tax is the effect that occurs in a firm as a result of timing differences between the date when taxes are actually paid to tax authorities by the company and the date when such tax is accrued.
Highlights of the final small business taxpayer regulations – The Tax Adviser
Highlights of the final small business taxpayer regulations.
Users of the competed contract method use it to recognize all project-related revenue and profits upon project completion. The method works the same as the percentage of completion method, and its results are the same. The only difference is that the completed contract method recognizes revenues and expenses only at the end of the project. Before project completion, this method usually has no useful information to the reader, especially on the financial statements. Al's Construction, Co. is building a five story building under a contract price of $700,000 and plans to start construction on March 15, 2017; the commencement date of the contract. Al's Construction, Co. expects that the entire facility will be completed by December 31, 2017. The term of the contract is less than one year and the contract will start and is expected to be completed within the same tax year .
When you apply the percentage-of-completion method, you will record revenues, profits and expenses as they happen. Additionally, this method requires contractors to recognize revenue every year during the project as a percentage of the completed contract. The disadvantage of this method is that you do not defer your tax liability to a future period. The primary advantage of this method is that you do not have to wait until the project completes to receive compensation for your work on the project. The completed contract method is one of the most popular accounting methods in the construction industry. It's the preferred method for short-term contracts and residential projects because of its simplicity and the ability to shift costs and tax liability to the end of the project. The completed contract method has advantages, but it comes with risk as well.
Because it recognizes both revenue and expenses at the end of the contract. Under the completed-contract method, recognition of revenues, costs, and profits from the construction contracts are deferred until the contract has been fulfilled. Whether you can use the completed- contract method depends on the size of your company as measured by gross receipts. Larger construction businesses (those with gross receipts over $10 million) must always use the percentage-of-completion completed contract method method, while smaller ones must do so only for contracts that will take longer than two years to complete. Except that X receives progress payments of $800,000 (rather than $650,000) and transfers the contract with a basis of $600,000 and $125,000 of cash to a new corporation, Z, in exchange for all of the stock of Z in a section 351 transaction. Changes in method of accounting for these transactions are to be effected on a cut-off basis.
The completed-contract method is an accounting concept that enables a business or a taxpayer to delay income reporting until the contract is complete. Even if the contractor receives payment during project implementation, he or she can still delay the reporting of such revenue.
In reference to the two methods of accounting for projects discussed above, either can be used under the cash basis of accounting. With all its specialized rules, construction accounting can be very labor intensive. Each project is normally treated as a separate profit center to assist with job costing. And the same project can use different methods for general accounting versus tax accounting. Further, the specialized billing used in the construction industry, such as AIA progress invoicing, increases the workload. Long-term contracts are those that span more than one fiscal year and require special treatment for both GAAP accounting and IRS tax purposes.
Because income and expenses hit all at once, income statements become less useful in the short term and can show major, sudden swings. Additionally, the IRS has several restrictions for when a contractor can use it.
What is incomplete contract theory?
The theory of incomplete contracts is closely related to the theory of firm: If complete contingent contracts could be written, we would not need firms. All transactions that are carried out within firms could be carried out between independent contractors.
Conversely, under the completed contract method, the company would not record any revenue or expenses on its income statement until the end of the project. Assuming that the project was finished on time and the customer paid in full, the company would record revenue of $2 million and the expenses for the project at the end of year two. According to the TCJA, any change in method of accounting made pursuant to the $25 million average gross receipts threshold shall be treated for purposes of Section 481 as initiated by the taxpayer and made with the consent of the IRS. Company A has contracted with Company Z to upgrade their customer information system. The total value of the contract with Company Z is worth $22 million and the project is expected to take three years to complete. Company Z's internal estimate indicates the project will cost $15 million to complete.
Total Contract Price $4,000,000 $4,000,000 $4,000,000 Lookback Gross Income $413,793 $1,655,172 Lookback Expenses $300,000 $1,200,000 Note that because income must be claimed for the 1st year, deductions of actual expenses must also be claimed. Therefore, in the 2nd year, the amount claimed in the 1st year must be subtracted from the amount originally claimed of $1,500,000. For this reason our employees attend specialized classes and conferences to keep up-to-date with the latest audit, accounting, and tax requirements. The practice of retainage, aka retention, has a tremendous impact on the construction industry. With a proper dispute resolution clause in place, contractors, subs, and suppliers can avoid taking their disputes into litigation. The steps required in a project's journey to completion are importation to how successful the project will be.
Revenue, lease accounting still challenge private companies – Journal of Accountancy
Revenue, lease accounting still challenge private companies.
Posted: Thu, 19 Aug 2021 07:00:00 GMT [source]
For Year 3, the completion year, PRS reports its gross contract price of $1,000,000 , and total allocable contract costs of $725,000 , for a profit of $275,000. The main advantage of EPCM is that income is reported over the life of the contract and any losses will be recognized based on the percentage of the contract completed, called the completion factor. The completion factor is the amount of work that has been completed compared to the estimated amount remaining. The completion factor must be certified by an engineer or an architect, or supported by appropriate documentation. The contract price must include cost reimbursements, all agreed changes to the contract, and any retainages receivable. Retainage is the amount earned by the contractor, but retained by the customer for payment at a later date until the quality of the work can be ascertained.


Will I have time to watch everything I want to see this season? It's a tough call, since there are a lot of interesting shows making their debut here in the next couple of weeks. Check out the extremely useful AniChart for a full listing. We've got everything from beloved childhood shows making a comeback to highly anticipated sequels and some promising new series.


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With Natural Disasters on the Rise, Nonprofits Need a Secure, Quick, Easy Way to Raise Funds: Sustainer.io provides that plus more
No matter what search engine you use, typing in "natural disasters on the rise" will pull up a plethora of news and articles all pointing to yes, in fact, natural disasters are on the rise. In July, the U.S. had already endured 49 separate natural disasters, the second-most in recorded history and has since seen more including Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, and wildfires. Other recent disasters across the globe are the earthquake in Mexico and flooding in Mumbai. When disaster strikes, people want to help immediately, and turn to organizations to donate funds and goods. Nonprofits require a quick and secure way to fill this need and Sustainer.io is the resource these organizations need. As a nonprofit, you need to be able to rely on technology to quickly, easily, and securely fill these needs. That's why Buzzbold partners with Sustainer.io. Sustainer.io is everything your organization needs in fundraising software. It's easy to learn, it's easy to set up, it's secure, and anywhere from 2-5 percent more of your donor's contributions go directly to your cause.
We recently heard this great news about Sustainer.io from Bonneville Charitable Foundation in Salt Lake City. Thanks to how easy the Sustainer.io product is, KSL was set up within hours to host its Hope for Houston fundraiser. They knew they could rely on Sustainer.io's technology to handle the fast-paced volume of contributions coming in online. Within minutes, a secure online contribution form was up and running, and ready to handle the large uptick in traffic to its site.
KSL held telethons on August 28 and August 30, thanks to two $100,000 matching contributions from generous donors. The entire Bonneville International Media Group with 14 stations in four markets teamed up in this effort by promoting online donations. To date, the fundraising efforts have raised more than $950,500 from more than 7,700 online and matching donations and that number continues to grow. "Our goal is to send $1,000,000 to help the victims of Hurricane Harvey", stated Tanya Vea, general manager, Bonneville Salt Lake. Funds from the telethon and continued contributions will go to the National VOAD, which was recommended by FEMA.
"Through previous fundraising events, we had the confidence in Sustainer.io to be able to manage the scope of this project. The security of our viewers and listeners personal information is a top priority to our organization," Kent Nate, senior vice president and chief financial officer of Bonneville International said. "We've used Sustainer.io for multiple fundraising campaigns and have been thrilled at how smoothly it's worked. For this campaign, timing was essential and we knew we could set up the donation page on our own thanks to its ease of use."
Nate continued, "One of the many reasons why we chose to work with Sustainer.io is more of the funds we raise through them goes directly to the causes we're raising money for. Working with Sustainer.io has been great, with high level customer service and support. Using Sustainer.io was flawless and since it's cloud based, it doesn't matter where you're located."
"That KSL could create the online giving campaign without a significant fundraising staff and know that more of the funds they raise will go to Hurricane Harvey relief efforts are perfect examples of why we built Sustainer.io," said Doug Corpuz, cofounder of Sustainer.io. "The goal of Sustainer.io is to create a seamless giving experience for the donor and the organization. We've worked hard to make a product that allows organizations to quickly and easily set up automated online fundraising campaigns and then focus more of their time on building donor relationships."
Get in touch with us today to learn more about how Buzzbold and Sustainer.io can help you raise more funds and put more of your energy and resources into building relationships !
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Home History Piggly Wiggly: A funny little name that forever changed retail shopping
HistoryMemphis History
Piggly Wiggly: A funny little name that forever changed retail shopping
by The 100 Companies July 10, 2020
Clarence Saunders never explained how he came up with the name "Piggly Wiggly," and over 100 years later it's still a topic of conversation and speculation. (Photo courtesy of smithsonianmag.com)
We know Memphis is home to the blues, Beale Street and Graceland. Few realize, however, that it's also the birthplace of the modern-day supermarket.
In the early 1900s, budding entrepreneur Clarence Saunders worked in grocery sales and came up with the idea of a self-service store where customers could pick out their own items. In 1916, he opened his first Piggly Wiggly in downtown Memphis – the first of its kind to offer checkout stands, open shelves and shopping baskets. The idea quickly caught on.
By 1923, Piggly Wiggly was the nation's third largest grocery chain and Saunders was a millionaire.
– Kristie Coggins, The 100 Companies
The most common email marketing mistakes
4 interesting facts about Kwanzaa
The Moon Pie – a Tennessee tradition since...
International Flair Along Summer Avenue
Remembering a pioneer of women's rights in Tennessee
An epidemic led to the bankruptcy of Memphis
Rhodes College has been renamed six times


No No need to compile. Easier to change and test simple codes.
Yes, and includes far more control then LabTalk.
Yes Standard rules of C language apply for calling functions.
Yes, limited support with substation notations.
Labtalk macros can be used like a command to invoke script.
Moreover, LabTalk has the ability to call specific sections of script (.OGS) files. This allows the passing of simple text arguments.
Origin C code is organized into functions. Functions can be called from other Origin C functions in the standard way by passing arguments of different types. Functions accepting strings, doubles, and vectors (datasets) of strings and doubles and can be called from the Script window, from LabTalk scripts, from menu commands and toolbars buttons, as well as from buttons on various Origin windows (graphs, worksheets, etc.).
LabTalk scripts are usually organized by sections in .OGS script files. They can be called by simply typing the name of the OGS file. Also, LabTalk scripts can be typed directly into the Script window and executed from there. They can be associated with menu commands or toolbar buttons, or with buttons on various Origin windows (graphs, worksheets, etc.). Origin C Functions and X-Functions can be executed from LabTalk scripts.
Yes, all standard C types are supported, as are pointers. Has built-in vector and matrix templates. Object-oriented access to Origin objects is supported. In addition, Tree and XML objects are also supported. All variables must be declared before being used.
Yes, scalars(double, int and const), string, StringArray, Tree and Range variables are supported for access to various Origin Objects.
All standard C/C++ scope concepts.
These are saved with the Origin (.OPJ ) Project File. They become unavailable as soon as the project is closed.
Session variables are available in the current Origin session across projects. Thus, once a session variable has been defined, the variable exist until the Origin application is terminated or the variable is deleted.
Local variables exist only within the current scope of the script.
It supports all C-style control structures (if-else, switch, for, while, do-while, goto). It also supports foreach loops which provide a simple way to enumerate all members of a collection.
LabTalk supports C-like if-else and switch statements. It also supports C-like for-loop, as well as LabTalk-specific repeat and loop control structures.
X-Functions can be easily executed from Labtalk scripts. The new command window has extended support for accessing X-Functions, including auto complete.


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Крымское се́льское поселе́ние (, ) — муниципальное образование в составе Сакского района Республики Крым России.

География
Поселение расположено на востоке района, в степном Крыму. Примыкает на востоке и юг к Симферопольскому району, граничит на западе с Геройским и на севере — с Крайненским сельскими поселениями.

Площадь поселения 100,12 км².

Основная транспортная магистраль: автодорога  (по украинской классификации — автодорога ).

Население

Состав сельского поселения
В состав поселения входят 4 населённых пункта:

История
Крымский сельский совет был образован, согласно сборнику «Города и села Украины. Автономная Республика Крым. Город Севастополь. Историко-краеведческие очерки», в 1935 году и на 1940 год он уже существовал в составе Сакского района (при этом Крымское до 18 мая 1948 года продолжало называться Авель).С 25 июня 1946 года сельсовет в составе Крымской области РСФСР, а 26 апреля 1954 года Крымская область была передана из состава РСФСР в состав УССР.
Время переподчинения Симферопольскому району пока не установлено: на 15 июня 1960 года совет значится в его составе с 8 подчинёнными селами:

 Валентиново,
 Зерновое,
 Игоревка,
 Крымское,

 Низинное,
 Новомихайловка,
 Ровное,
 Степное

Время возвращения в Сакский район точно неизвестно, возможно, это произошло вследствие указа Президиума ВС УССР «О внесении изменений в административное районирование УССР — по Крымской области» от 1 января 1965 года — на 1 января 1968 года сельский совет в Сакском районе. К тому времени было упразднено Ровное, к 1977 году — Новомихайловка. 8 февраля 1988 года из сёл Зерновое и Низинное был образован Зерновский сельсовет и совет обрёл современный состав.

С 12 февраля 1991 года сельсовет в восстановленной Крымской АССР, 26 февраля 1992 года переименованной в Автономную Республику Крым. С 21 марта 2014 года — в составе Республики Крым России. Законом «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований и статусе муниципальных образований в Республике Крым» от 4 июня 2014 года территория административной единицы была объявлена муниципальным образованием со статусом сельского поселения.

Примечания

Литература

Сельские поселения Сакского района


: Dr Vinita Singh, Dr Archana Barik and Dr Nadia Imam declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008 (5). Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.


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We have previously shown which the death receptor ligand TRAIL induces
We have previously shown which the death receptor ligand TRAIL induces an increase in intracellular C16-ceramide in sensitive SW480 but not in resistant SW620 cells. constitute a new therapeutic strategy to alter apoptotic susceptibility. strong class="kwd-title" Keywords: TRAIL, ceramide, apoptosis, ceramide, synthase, longevity assurance homologue (LASS) Intro TRAIL (tumor necrosis element related apoptosis inducing ligand) is a death receptor ligand of the TNF superfamily that can selectively kill tumor cells without toxicity towards normal cells (de Jong et al., 2001; Wiley et al., 1995). Systemic administration of recombinant TRAIL has recently been deemed safe in a Phase I medical trial (Ashkenazi & Herbst, 2008). Regrettably, not all malignant Pradaxa cells are susceptible to the apoptotic effects of TRAIL and new strategies to enhance TRAIL-mediated killing of tumor cells are an area of intense investigation. Identification of mechanisms that lead to resistance has a essential two-fold purpose: (1) to facilitate stratification of tumors likely to respond to TRAIL therapy and (2) to develop therapeutic Pradaxa strategies to overcome TRAIL resistance. TRAIL induces apoptosis by binding to agonistic TRAIL receptors (DR4/TRAIL-R1 and/or DR5/TRAIL-R2) followed by activation of initiator caspases and subsequent (mitochondria-dependent or Cindependent) activation of effector caspases-3 and ?7 (Koschny et al., 2007; MacFarlane, 2003). During apoptosis, caspase-3 translocates to the nucleus to cleave focuses on such as PARP (Widlak & Garrard, 2005; Wilson, 1998). Several proteins such as cFLIP, anti-apoptotic users of the Bcl-2 family, and IAPs can negatively regulate the apoptotic transmission at or upstream of caspase-3 activation (Dohi et al., 2004; Peter, 2004; Sharpe et al., 2004; Wiley et al., 1995). Sphingolipids have also been shown to influence apoptotic reactions. The sphingolipid ceramide in particular has been associated with antiproliferative reactions such as growth arrest, senescence, differentiation and apoptosis (Ogretmen & Hannun, 2004). Data acquired by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS), which allows study of specific ceramide species suggests that generation of C16-ceramide is definitely specifically involved in apoptotic signaling (Kroesen et al., 2003; Thomas et al., 1999). We have recently shown the isogenic colon cancer cell lines SW480 Pradaxa and SW620 are sensitive and resistant to TRAIL, respectively (Voelkel-Johnson et al., 2005). Our data indicated that variations in TRAIL sensitivity may be related to variations in sphingolipid rate of metabolism. TRAIL sensitive SW480 cells experienced higher basal levels of C16-ceramide, which further improved in response to TRAIL. We also shown that exogenous C6-ceramide, which is most likely metabolized to C16-ceramide (Ogretmen et al., 2002), sensitized resistant SW620 cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis but failed to further enhance TRAIL level of sensitivity in SW480 cells, suggesting that in these cells adequate endogenous ceramide was available to accomplish a maximal apoptotic response. We hypothesized that exogenous ceramide corrects a defect in sphingolipid rate of metabolism present only in resistant and not sensitive cells (Voelkel-Johnson et al., 2005). Here we prolonged our previous study and recognized ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6 also known as longevity assurance homolog 6/LASS6), which preferentially produces C16-ceramide, like a novel protein that can influence TRAIL susceptibility. RNAi against CerS6 resulted in a specific decrease in intracellular C16-ceramide and covered SW480 cells against TRAIL-mediated apoptosis while raising CerS6 appearance sensitized SW620 cells to Path. Downregulation of CerS6 didn't hinder caspase activation but seems to inhibit translocation of turned on caspase-3 in to the nucleus. Our data claim that CerS6 may regulate occasions on the nuclear membrane and invite past due stage apoptotic signaling, exemplified by turned on caspase 3, to move Rabbit Polyclonal to OR6C3 forward in to the nucleus. This selecting posits that CerS6 retains a book position within the apoptotic pathway. Components AND Strategies Cell Lines and Lifestyle The cell lines SW480 and SW620 had been purchased in the American Type Lifestyle Collection (Rockville, MD). SW480 cells had been originally isolated from an initial colon carcinoma, as the SW620 series was set up from a metastasis that arose within the same affected individual one year afterwards. Cell lines had been cultured in Primaria plasticware (Falcon, Bedford, MA) and preserved in RPMI 1640 moderate (Gibco/Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with heat-inactivated 10% fetal bovine serum (Hyclone, Logan, UT). Cell civilizations had been preserved at 37oC within a 5% CO2 atmosphere. REAL-TIME PCR SW480 cells and SW620 cells had been plated 5 X 105 cells/well in 6 wells plates.
Pradaxa Rabbit Polyclonal to OR6C3
Mitochondria constantly divide and combine through fission and fusion activities. the
Background DNA methylation and histone acetylation are epigenetic modifications that act


Watch This McDonalds's Employee Stop Everything To Do Something Awesome.
When you're out in the world, you expect people to be polite. You expect them to be moderately patient, non-confrontational, and to perform their job in a timely and efficient manner.
What you don't always expect from people, though, is for them to go above and beyond to be compassionate. Thankfully, there are many people who do just that, and this McDonald's employee is one of them. What he does for a customer goes far beyond his job description. For the customer, it made all the difference in the world.


It's been really hectic these past few weeks, but I finally got enough time to finish up another portrait. I wasn't quite able to do justice to the legen-- (wait for it!)-- dary man that is Neil Patrick Harris, but I gave it my best effort.
It's going to be legen------------------------------------------------------------- wait for it------------------------------ and I hope you're not lactose intolerant, because the second half of the word is---------------------------- dairy!
Oh, I'll tell you what's behind it.
YOUR BRAND NEW MIDSIZE SPORTS SEDAN!!!
i like how you always fill up the whole picture, like drawing the backgrounds. not much artists ive seen do that. and in this one he looks godly, its pretty good.
This is legen-- (wait for it!)-- dary!
OH LOOK, YOU DREW MY HUSBAND.
Your art skills are phenomenal.
This is very well done! I see drawings like this and usually the eyebrows or the lips aren't quite right, but you did a wonderful job!
I love the title, too.


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Q: Is there an option to cleanup after ALL tests in class are complete? I tried a deinit method in my test class, however it isn't called. Using Xcode 13.3

A: XCTestCase has a class method tearDown()  which is called when all tests in the class are finished:
override class func tearDown() {
   super.tearDown()
   // Cleanup
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


WILLINGBORO, N.J., (CBS) — Five-year-old John Marandola is an expert on everything that has to do with firefighting – the equipment, the uniform and most importantly being brave.
John's battling for his life against anaplastic ganglioglioma, a rare but aggressive malignant tumor on his brain.
The Marandola's found out about the illness on Memorial Day 2013 and John had to have emergency surgery to remove a tumor half the size of his head.
It's since grown back to a smaller degree and John is showing symptoms.
"We're treading in the dark. The doctor's really doing have any kind of expectation that they can give us, they had originally told us three to nine months and that was 18 months ago," says John's mother Faith Marandola.
While doctor's work with the Marandola's to make John's life as long and enriched as possible Evesham Fire-Rescue is tackling another challenge – his bedroom.
One of the effects of John's current tumor is that it hinders his balance and getting up and down staircases can be dangerous.
The department, which made "John John" an honorary firefighter, wants to create a firefighter themed bedroom-playroom on the Marandola's first floor that will be fun and medically functional.
"It's going to have brick theme on the walls just like a fire house, it's going to have a slide as opposed to a pole," says Evesham Twp firefighter Jim Heisler who is helping spearhead the project.
Evesham is partnering with the Corner Kingdom Project, a New-Hampshire based organization that specializes in building dream rooms for children facing extreme health challenges.
"We're doing everything we can to make sure that this boy is taken care of," says Heisler.
The fire department is hoping to start building by March but they need to raise at least $10,000 to do the remodeling.
"I'm expecting more miracles from God, the fact that he's doing so well now is a miracle," says John's father Steven Marandola.