text:
package com.google.floody.spreadsheet;

import java.io.IOException;

/** Contract to define methods for using File Sharing using Drive services. */
public interface SharingService {

  /**
   * Add the given Groups as editors to the specified file.
   *
   * @param fileId the file Identifier of the intended file
   * @param groups the list of groups to grant editor permissions, throws {@link
   *     IllegalArgumentException} when the empty or null
   * @throws IOException when there is an error in setting permissions
   */
  void addGroupsToFileAsEditors(String fileId, Iterable<String> groups) throws IOException;

  /**
   * Add the given users as editors to the specified file.
   *
   * @param fileId the file Identifier of the intended file
   * @param users the users to grant editor permissions, throws {@link IllegalArgumentException}
   *     when the empty or null
   * @throws IOException when there is an error in setting permissions
   */
  void addUsersToFileAsEditors(String fileId, Iterable<String> users) throws IOException;
}


I have been waiting awhile for the back of my van to look like this. The top says, "Faith Filled Mom", then I have Ethan's Trinity decal, he just graduated, (my father, father in law, and brother are alums of Trinity, Anna's M for Mercy (I graduated from Mercy), the Cross for Holy Cross where I teach, and finally the X for St. X where Spencer is about to start high school. It is official I have my hands, teens, and money in 4 of the Catholic High Schools in Louisville, Kentucky. My husband and I joke about creating a decal of a us in the center with our empty pockets pulled out showing how broke we are from these choices!
In all seriousness, we completely believe in the Catholic school system. It is not just about the private education, it is more about the faith filled Catholic education. My husband and I were lucky enough to go through the Catholic school system and it gave us the ability to grow in our faith, cultivate excellent life long relationships, cease opportunities for higher education, and it built our confidence. We sacrifice for our children to be in the Catholic School system and it is worth every penny. I committed to this cause so much that I became a Theology teacher so that I could put my children through the Catholic High Schools. It is with pride and great joy that I have those decals on the back of my van!
catchmaster spider traps they work!


The Institute of Safety Professionals of Nigeria was inaugurated in August 1980 as Nigeria Society of Safety Professionals (NSSP) during the annual conference of the National Industrial Safety Council of the Nigeria (NISCN) as a professional technical arm of the NISCN, NISCN-is a tripartite body comprising the Governments of the federation (represented by Director of factories, Federal Ministry of labour & productivity), Employers (represented by the Nigerian Employers Consultative Association) and labour Congress), set by the Federal Government to prevent Industrial accidents and hazards and promote occupational health and welfare in industrial establishments.
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To promote, protect, encourage and maintain a high standard of health and safety management study and practice and encourage greater efficiency therein.
To be a body to which the government, public or private organisation can have recourse for advice, or assistance on any subject of concern or interest to safety of life and property.
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Institute of Safety Professionals of Nigeria (ISPON) is Nigeria's largest Safety Professional body for individuals involved in Occupational Health and Safety practices, individuals involved in maintaining standards, providing impartial and authoritative guidance and HSE trainings. The Institute's members are drawn from various sectors of our economy including the government agencies and construction industries. Corporate organizations are also admitted as members.
ISPON was registered as a corporate body under the land (Perpetual Succession) Act, Cap.98 A certificate of incorporation listing of the Registered trustees of NSSP n. 2320 dated 8th day of April, 1983 was issued by the Hon. Minister, Federal Ministry of Internal Affairs.
In 1989 at the annual conference/seminar held at Durbar Hotels, Lagos, a motion was moved and adoption for the change of name from Nigerian Society of safety Professionals (NSSP) to Nigerian Institute of safety Professionals (ISPON).
Thereafter the Institute was incorporated under the Companies and Allied Matters Act, 1990 with registration no. Rc481109.
The Act provides that a person who is not registered by the Institute but holds himself or herself out as a registered Safety Professional is guilty of an offence. It further states that a person who, for the purpose of procuring registration as a Safety Professional, makes false claim as to his or her qualifications or experience, or makes false entry or wilfully falsifies the register, is also guilty of an offence.
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Burflex Scaffolding has completed the installation of more than 530 linear metres of scaffolding at Rampton Secure Hospital in Nottinghamshire for access to an extensive programme at the site including internal and external façades and roof refurbishment.
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text:
Eupedia Forum > Population Genetics > Y-DNA Haplogroups > Romans, Alpine Celts and Belgae... OFFTOPIC about J2b and Indians
View Full Version : Romans, Alpine Celts and Belgae... OFFTOPIC about J2b and Indians
observatrix
Ehm Maciamo?
You claim that Romans were close to Belgians doesn't make too much sense to me. The present day Keltid influence in Italy is ofcourse due the various Keltid invasions, we all know that. Your claim that Romans are a mixture of Kelts and Middle Eastern people again makes no sense. Romans were Indo-European descendants of most probably Greco-Balkan stock and not Middle Easterners. Let's not forget that newer studies on for example Greco-Balkan J2b probably suggest an Indian origin.
We already know about the connection of Sanskrit and Old Greek, The cultural connection such as the religious pantheon.
Now genetically could there be a connection in the 2 peaks of high J2b in both regions?
http://www.forumbiodiversity.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=81052&d=1305524627
We already know that haplogroup J2b-M12 was associated with Neolithic Greece (ca. 8500 - 4300 BCE) A substantial presence of J2b is found in the Balkans and neighboring parts of Greece in the West, and in both tribal and caste populations of the Indian subcontinent to the East. The high variance of J2b2 in South Asia indicates a probable pre-Neolithic migration.
Newer study suggests:
Lately, J2 (M172) lineage has been studies in India in detail. Its study in India shows that its frequency is 19% in Dravidian speaking castes, and only 11% in Aryan speaking castes.Among the tribes, its frequency is 11%.Hence its arrival through northwest Indian corridor into India is ruled out. Because it was found that in the northwest India its frequency is less than that in south Indian caste population. Its good presence in all segments of Indian society proves that either this haplogroup originated in India, or this haplogroup is fixed from very old days in India, possibly since Pleistocene, and not just 8,000 years back.
Sengupta and colleagues (2006) found that age of J2b (M12), which is a branch of J2, is about 17,600 years to 10,000 years (mean age 13,800 years) in India. On the other hand thesame figures for Europe for J2 were only 8,700 years and 4,300 years (mean 6,500 years). That means age of J2b, a descendant of J2, in West Asia and Europe is further less than 6500years. The date of J2b expansion in India is thus much before the supposed date of onset of farming into India. This is enough evidence to suggest that J2 and J2b originated in India.
s 18,000 ybp.Age of J2b (M12) in Anatolia is 8,600years (Cinnioglu, 2004, Table 2, p. 131). And that of its sub-lineage J2b2 (M241) is 13,800ybp (Sengupta, 2006, p. 216). Although Sengupta does not provide age of J2b, yet it must be older than its descendant's age 13,800 years ago. Thus presence of J2b in India is far earlier than in Anatolia, where J2b is seen at the time of Neolithic at 8,600 years back. Sengupta and colleagues (2006) found that age of J2b (M12), which is a branch of J2, isabout 17,600 years to 10,000 years (mean age 13,800 years) in India. On the other hand thesame figures for Europe for J2 were only 8,700 years and 4,300 years (mean 6,500 years). That means age of J2b, a descendant of J2, in West Asia and Europe is further less than 6500years. The date of J2b expansion in India is thus much before the supposed date of onset of farming into India. This is enough evidence to suggest that J2 and J2b originated in India. Genetic diversity is a marker of age of a haplogroup in any area. HG J2 exhibits a genetic diversity of 0.702 and lineage diversity of 0.999 in India (Trivedi et al 2008).This means an early settlement and insidious origin of J2 in India.
Sengupta (2006) showed that J2 is well distributed in Indian population.Sengupta et al (2006) found that the haplogroup J2 had a quite high variance, and hence deep time-depth in Indian tribes and castes too. Moreover the frequency is higher in the Dravidian speaking south Indians (19%) than the Indo-European speaking north Indians (11%). This doubts the Aryan migration into India from West Asia hypothesis of Bellwood (2003 and 2005). The inference what we can derive from Sengupta and colleagues study's data is that J2 haplogroup originated in India during Last Glacial Maximum, and migrated out of India when climate permitted. J2 is 18.7% in south Pakistan, the central place of Indus civilization.Lineage J2 and its derivatives are 23% in Iran and 22.2% in Turkey. (Regueiro et al.2006).But their variances are less than in India. Semino (2004) gives 18,000 ybp as the time of origin of J2. The variance was also high indicating indigenous origin of the haplogroup in India. J2 as well as its sub-clade J2b2 show a decreasing variance from India to the Balkans.
Source: http://www.docstoc.com/docs/72780746...-Indo-European (http://www.docstoc.com/docs/72780746/DNA-and-linguistic-evidence-for-Indo-European)
"The ancestry of J2e1 is J2, defined by marker M172 was suggested to originate from Anatolia (Cinnioglu et al. 2004), with genesis estimated to be 18.5 +/- 3.5 kyears (Semino et al. 2004). The subsequent mutation J2e–M12 is associated with diffusion into Europe from the southern Balkans (Semino et al. 2004). At present, the final known maker of this lineage is J2e1–M241 (Cinnioglu et al. 2004; Shen et al. 2004), which was reported in 0.96% Turkish males (Cinnioglu et al. 2004), 5.22% in India, 2.27% in Pakistan (Sengupta et al. 2006), 6.49% in Nepal Kathmandu and 1.5% Nepal Newar (Cadenas et al. 2006). These distributions suggest the origin of J2e1–M241 may reside within or near the Indian subcontinent. This suggestion is now further supported by the concentration of J2e1 AMELY null among ethnic Indian (Table 1). The J2e1 haplogroup is found in approximately 3% of Singapore Indian, 1.8% Malay and 0% Chinese, while other J2 (non-J2e1) is found in 7.3% Singapore Indian, 2.7% Malay and 0% Chinese (unpublished data). Based on the principle that the accumulation of STR variations within a group of chromosomes originating from the same mutation event could provide an indicative age of the event (Zhivotovsky et al. 2004), we analyzed the Y-STR variation of nulls within similar haplogroup using Singapore database as background. The estimated age of J2-M172 genesis was calculated to be 25.2 +/- 7.2 kyears, while J2e1–M241 was approximately 13.1 +/- 3.1 kyears. The Yp11.2 deletion event was postulated to arise soon after the emergence of J2e1 since its estimated age was 13.5 +/- 3.1 kyears. Among this regional set of J2e1 null samples, a novel polymorphism was identified at Y-GATA-H4 locus (17181855G > A). The frequency of this SNP is similar in both Singapore and Malaysia, with 0.6% Indian and 0% in Malay and Chinese. In comparison to our regional background populations, this SNP represents a phylogenetic branch occurring after the primary J2e1 Yp11.2 deletion event, with an age of about 10.7 +/- 5.2 kyears. Interestingly, we also noted a more recent J2e1 null sub-branch which has self-declared Malay ethnicity, with an estimated age of 3.6 +/- 1.5 kyears, reXecting the social history in our region." Rita Y. Y. Yong et al. - Molecular characterization of a polymorphic 3-Mb deletion at chromosome Yp11.2 containing the AMELY locus in Singapore and Malaysia populations // Hum Genet (2007) 122:237–249 // DOI 10.1007/s00439-007-0389-
http://www.familytreedna.com/public/m102/default.aspx
So the J would not be of Middle or Near Eastern origin. But probably Asian conform with Indo-Europeanism.
So yes sure Indo-Europeans are all related but your claim sounds more like propaganda. Have you ever been to Lazio? The descandants of original Romans can be found there around the city of Rome, near villages. You will see they still have Meditereannean and Dinarid features, and do not look Keltid at all. Their phenotype is too different.
And yes The West Indo-European dialects are Celtic, Italic and Tocharian. Cousins but not as close as you might think.
The main debate concerning the origin of the Italic languages is the same as that which preoccupied Greek studies for the last half of the 20th century. The Indo-Europeanists for Greek had hypothesized (see Dorian invasion (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorian_invasion), Proto-Greek language (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Greek_language)) that Greek originated outside of Greece and was brought in by invaders. Analysis of the lexical items of Mycenaean Greek (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycenaean_Greek), an early form of Greek, raised the issue of whether Greek had been formed in Greece from Indo-European elements brought in by migrants or invaders, mixed with elements of indigenous languages. The issue was settled in favor of an origin of Greek in Greece.
A proto-Italic homeland outside of Italy is equally as elusive as the home of the hypothetical Greek-speaking invaders. No early form of Italic is available to match Mycenaean Greek. The Italic languages are first attested in writing from Umbrian and Faliscan inscriptions dating to the 7th century BC. The alphabets used are based on the Old Italic alphabet (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Italic_alphabet), which is itself based on the Greek alphabet (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet). The Italic languages themselves show minor influence from the Etruscan (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_language) and somewhat more from the Ancient Greek (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek) languages. The intermediate phases between Italic and Indo-European are still in deficit, with no guarantee that they ever will be found. The question of whether Italic originated outside of Italy or developed by assimilation of Indo-European and other elements inside of Italy, approximately on or within its current range there, remains. Sylvestri says:[4] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italic_languages#cite_note-sylvestri325-3)
"...Common Italic ... is certainly not to be seen as a prehistoric language that can largely be reconstructed, but rather as a set of prehistoric and proto-historic processes of convergence."
Bakkum defines Proto-Italic as a "chronological stage" without an independent development of its own, but extending over late PIE (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIE) and the initial stages of Proto-Latin and Proto-Sabellic. Meiser's dates of 4000 BC to 1800 BC (well before Mycenaean Greek) he describes as "as good a guess as anyone's."[5] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italic_languages#cite_note-4)
The most common alternative interpretation is that a close areal (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areal_%28linguistics%29) proximity of Proto-Celtic (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Celtic) and Proto-Italic (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic) over a longer period could have encouraged the parallel development of what were already quite separate languages. As Watkins (1966) puts it, "the community of -ī in Italic and Celtic is attributable to early contact, rather than to an original unity." The assumed period of language contact could then be later, perhaps continuing well into the first millennium BC.
then what do you make of the ancient italic language being only umbro-oscan (sabellic) , as it seems that etruscan, venetic, rhaetic, ladin, illyric, sicel, sardo and ligurian are foreign to Italy.
unless you can test genetics from ancient graves, then you seem to be "fishing" for the makeup of italy in genetic terms.
Italy had too many races, migrate or "visit" to determine the real originals. I cannot beleive Italy was void of an ancient race/s.
To conclude, Italy and the balkans seem the hardest areas to plot true ancient genetic groups
Maciamo
Why are you bringing up J2b ? This thread is about R1b-U152, which is a dominant haplogroup in both Italy (25 to 40% in Central and North Italy) and Belgium (10%, but 18% in the Romance South). J2b only makes up 2% of Italian lineages (http://italydna.blogspot.com/) and 1% of Belgian ones (http://www.eupedia.com/forum/showthread.php?25463-Belgian-Y-DNA-from-the-Brabant-Project). So much for your nice theories.
Have a look at this (http://www.eupedia.com/forum/showthread.php?25463-Belgian-Y-DNA-from-the-Brabant-Project&p=356733&viewfull=1#post356733) too.
There is a major catch with this theory of commonalities due to "areal proximity": the common Italo-Celtic forms are attested in all branches of the Celtic and Italic languages. This means, the close areal proximity would have have to be between Proto-Italic and Proto-Celtic. It's very clear that by the middle of the 1st millennium BC, both the Italic and Celtic language families are already long-since split up (Umbrian is attested from the 7th century BC onward, Lepontic is attested from 6th century onward). This mean, if this was due to "areal proximity" and not though descendant from a common proto-language, it would have to be consdierably earlier.
Also, as Zanipolo noted, there are the various other non-Celtic and non-Italic languages in Italy, in particular Ligurian and Venetic which were neither Celtic nor Italic yet clearly related. There is also the Lusitanian language from the Iberian penninsula, which is usually classified as "Para-Celtic", but also exhibits similarities to the Italic languages thanks to archaisms.
This was only an example.
There is also 30% R1b in certain tribes in India, so?
The Romans already described the Kelts in ancient texts distinguishing them. And this is not only in looks. The Kelts were described as mostly fair haired and of a tall structure and pale. And don't forget they mentioned the Belgae being one of the dumbest of Keltic tribes they had encountered. They didn't have a hard time conquering the Belgae.
The Romans were of Mediterannean appearance and stock, and closest related to the Greeks and certain tribes where now is the Balkans. Sure there are linguistic similarities between. Roman and Celtic but so there are similarities between Keltic and Germanic and Slavic.
Greek Gods - The Sanskrit Connection
The myths of Greece and Rome have inspired the people and literature of the West from time immemorial. Though the Gods are originally Greek, their latin (Roman) names have been used more frequently in art and poetry. For example:
Roman name Greek name
Jupiter Zeus
Juno Hera
Minerva Athena
Diana Artemis
Also it is now widely accepted that the classical languages Latin, Greek and Sanskrit have a common source in a much older language, which is extinct today. To illustrate this point it is customary to demonstrate the similarity of the most common words. For example, the word "father" is:
Sanskrit, pitri Latin, pater
Gothic, vader Greek, p�tair
Thousands of such words are there.
Mythologies of ancient India and Greece have some similarities here and there. Some of the vedic gods have counterparts in Greek mythology. Thus Uranus in Greek mythology is Varuna in the vedic literature. Mars is Marut in Indian mythology. But what is not generally known is the astonishing fact that the names of Greek gods and heroes have in a great measure been found to correspond with Sanskrit names of physical things! It is important to emphasize the fact that some of these names are not related to gods or heroes in Indian mythology itself, but merely names of just physical things, though Dyaus is the Vedic creator and sky god and father of Surya the sun god and Agni the god of fire.
A simple list follows:
Greek God/Hero Sanskrit word meaning
Zeus dyu, Dyaus shine, sky, day; sky god
Hera soar bright sky
Uranus var conceal, cover
Daphne Dahana dawn
Ixion Akshanah one bound to a wheel
Paris Panis night demons
Athene ahana the light of daybreak
Prometheus Pramanthas Stick used to kindle Fire(Agni) (More)
These are some obvious connections. An expert in the field will be able to find many more.
Why this is not known?
Though many linguists have accepted the common origin of Indo-European Languages (Sanskrit, Greek, Latin) when it comes to Indo-European race we find less agreements (rightly so). Also Indo-Greek connection has been a less explored area than the general Indo-European language link. One reason the Greek-Sansrit connection was under-explored is because of the political prominence of the Roman Empire in the later European and Christian history. Even the Greek Gods were better known by their Roman names.
Once the Romans took political control, Greek Mythology never got the status which Vedic Mythology got in India. "The role of the Mysteries is hard to define since much of their ritual was secret, and at a later date information about them was suppressed by Roman and Christian alike, but we do know that the Mysteries proliferated and dominated Hellas spiritually for more than a millennium , and were the most effective mass religious cult in the Greco-Roman world."
The Greek Link to India, though accepted, has been sidelined by the later Western Researchers. Internet is giving valuable information in this regard. "Perhaps it was not there in the first place, perhaps a basic folk-memory encompassing historical data ranging back some thousands of years was recast in Greece in the mould of myths which had emanated from India along with a handful of the Indo-European sky god personalities. There may even have been other influences from India early in the first millennium BC. ,which we are not aware of, just as there were later influences from India bearing on the philosopher, and the appearance, in the generation of Socrates if not before, of "Aesopic� tales", which are obviously recast from the materials of the Sanskrit Hitopade�a and Pan�atantra."
Some Proofs emerging
In this internet era, more information is out there for public eyes. It's impossible to hide anything now. So recently I came across (2002 Jan) some information underlying what I wrote almost five years ago. But the following was in fact written 125 years ago, though not known to many people!
Alexander Murray, Manual of Mythology (London, 1874), 326-40.
For example, many names unintelligible in Greek are at once explained by the meaning of their Sanscrit equivalents. Thus, the name of the chief Greek god, Zeus, conveys no meaning in itself. But the Greek sky-god Zeus evidently corresponds to the Hindu sky-god Dyaus, and this word is derived from a root dyu meaning "to shine." Zeus then, the Greek theos, and the Latin deus, meant originally "the glistening ether." Similarly other Greek names are explained by their counterparts, or cognate words in Sanscrit. Thus the name of Zeus's wife, Hera, belongs to a Sanscrit root svar, and originally meant the bright sky: the goddess herself being primarily the bright air. Athene is referred to Sanscrit names meaning the light of dawn, and Erinys is explained by the Sanscrit Saranyn.
DYAUS was, as we have already indicated, the god of the bright sky, his name being connected with that of Zeus through the root dyu. As such Dyaus was the Vedic (Indian) rain-god, i.e., primarily, the sky from which the rain fell. That the god-name and the sky-name were thus interchangeable is evident from such classical expressions as that "Zeus rains" (i.e., the sky rains), and meaning a damp atmosphere. In such expressions there is hardly any mythological suggestion: and the meaning of the name Dyaus, � like those of the names Ouranos and Kronos in Greek, � always remained too transparent for it to become the nucleus of a myth. Dyaus, however, was occasionally spoken of as an overruling spirit. The epithet, Dyaus pitar, is simply Zeus pater � Zeus the father; or, as it is spelled in Latin, Jupiter. Another of his names, Janita, is the Sanscrit for genetor, a title of Zeus as the father or producer. Dyaus finally gave place to his son Indra.
What does this say to us? Yes all Indo-Europeans were related linguistically. So were the Romans and Greeks cousins of ancient Aryans in India. Sure. Are the a different tribe? Yes, ofcourse.
I'd like to point out that reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European "sky father" also existed in Germanic (Tiwaz, later Tyr) and Lusitanian (Revo).
There is no R1b-U152 in India to my knowledge. This subclade is specifically Italo-Celtic, and encompasses the historical territories of the Hallstatt-La Tène Celts and their offshoots (e.g. Belgic Celts and Cisalpine Celts) as well as Italic tribes such as the Latins, Oscans and Umbrians. More discussion about R1b-U152 here
(http://www.eupedia.com/forum/showthread.php?25962-R1b-U152-S28-more-Gaulish-or-Roman).
Btw, Maciamo, what's your opinion/explanation for the R1b-U152 peak in Poland? The most plausible I've come up with thus far is that the people of the Lusatian Culture (which in itself was an offshot of Urnfield) were, to a considerabler percentage, bearers of R1b-U152. What do you think?
This R1b only means that Celts have lived in Northern Italy and the Celtic invasions, and has not much to do with the Romans.
Let me remind you again that the Celts were the enemies mostly of the Romans and did not look similar as described in ancient Roman texts. They were 2 different people. Your claim to make them look similar fails "Maciamo"
Besides it is wrong to associate R1b with the spread of Celtic peoples. I agree it is a typical Western European haplogroup but that's it.
Although it is rare in India (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Asia), some populations show relatively high percentages for R1b. These include Lambadi (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambadi) (Andhra Pradesh (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh)) showing 37%,[24] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R_%28Y-DNA%29#cite_note-Kivisild_et_al._2003-23) Hazara (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazara_people) 32%[25] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R_%28Y-DNA%29#cite_note-Sengupta_et_al._2005-24) and Agharia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agharia) (East India (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_India)) at 30%.[25] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R_%28Y-DNA%29#cite_note-Sengupta_et_al._2005-24) Besides these, R1b has appeared in Balochi (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baloch_people) (8%), Chenchu (2%), Makrani (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makrani) (5%), Newars (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newars) (Nepal) (10.6%), Pallan (3.5%), Punjabi (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_people) (7.6%) and West Bengalis (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengal) (6.5%).
You want to tell me now that the Agharia of India are close to the Celts aswell?
And even if you want to think R1b in Europe is some sort of Celtic marker,the Gauls (and Germanics) were still the enemies of Roma and they were the ones responsible for the end of the Roman Empire and after this they mass migrated to Italy this is what mostly explains this contribution of these genes.
I'm not going to explain further.
Besides the common Italian still looks Dinaro-Mediterannean instead of Keltid/Northern in appearance. Let's not talk about Lombardia here which is ofcourse heavily mixed with people from north. Southern Italians (From Lazio to Napels etc) are closest to the original ones and most have still Greek features. (Magna-Grecia)
This thread is ridiculous.
spongetaro
You still don't understand that only R1b U152 is linked with Celts
Most, if not all, of the R1b in Asia is of the subclade R1b-M73, which is, from the European perspective, an outgroup that separated near the end of the last ice age. I definitely know that the Hazaras are R1b-M73.
European R1b is basically exclusively R1b-M269. Specifically, R1b-U152 is part of the subclade R1b-P310, which in turn dominates R1b-269 in Western Europe.
Reinaert
Hey, what about me?
yDNA R1b1b2a2* SNP P312
Am I a Celt or what?
No thread is ever ridiculous.
Maybe your flood of articles...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Net Affinity are AMPing up their mobile web app. They have recently rolled out updates to their mobile web app across all users of the app. This update uses the AMP framework, whose many benefits include improving site speed.
This update has already increased site speed by an average of 20%. Speed is expected to increase even further in the near future. Net Affinity have taken this step as part of a dedication to bringing the best possible user experience to their hotel websites, across all devices.
Mobile browsing and bookings are ubiquitous for users today, and speed is key to the mobile experience.
As mobile transactions and revenue start to catch up to mobile traffic for hotels, a great mobile experience is a way for hotels to cut ahead of the competition. 60% of travel searches came on mobile devices in 2016, according to Google. Additionally, conversion rates have grown 88% on mobile travel sites. Hotels must make sure they are part of the trend. That means creating a mobile experience designed to let users do what they already want to do: research and book your hotel directly from mobile devices.
For many users, that great experience on mobile starts with speed. For every second a hotel website takes to load, a certain percentage of users will drop off. The stress and frustration in remaining users makes them more reluctant to book a stay in that hotel.
Accelerated Mobile Pages, or AMPs, are an open source initiative from Google which aims to dramatically improve mobile web performance. When websites are on AMP, rich content like image carousels, maps, and videos, all of which hotels rely on to show off their properties to fullest advantage, load nearly instantaneously.
Net Affinity have chosen to use AMP to offer their hotel clients that great experience on mobile for their guests. AMP uses a super lightweight HTML framework – a stripped back version of a normal page's coding – to create a lightning fast experience. However, this still allows Net Affinity to showcase their clients' properties on beautiful, responsive webpages. Those webpages are just even faster than before. Are you ready to AMP up?


text:
package de.hanneseilers.mensash;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import de.mensa.sh.core.Mensa;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.ScrollView;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * Fragment used for managing interactions for and presentation of a navigation
 * drawer. See the  design guidelines for a complete explanation of the behaviors
 * implemented here.
 */
public class NavigationDrawerFragment extends Fragment implements
	OnClickListener{

	private TextView txtNavigationSettings;
	private TextView lblNavigationCity;
	private TextView lblNavigationMensa;
	private LinearLayout divNavigationCity;
	private LinearLayout divNavigationMensa;
	private ProgressBar pgbNavigationLoading;

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
	}

	@Override
	public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
			Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		// get layout
		ScrollView vView = (ScrollView) inflater.inflate(
				R.layout.fragment_navigation_drawer, container, false);

		// get widgets
		txtNavigationSettings = (TextView) vView.findViewById(R.id.txtNavigationSettings);
		lblNavigationCity = (TextView) vView.findViewById(R.id.lblNavigationCity);
		lblNavigationMensa = (TextView) vView.findViewById(R.id.lblNavigationMensa);
		divNavigationCity = (LinearLayout) vView.findViewById(R.id.divNavigationCity);
		divNavigationMensa = (LinearLayout) vView.findViewById(R.id.divNavigationMensa);
		pgbNavigationLoading = (ProgressBar) vView.findViewById(R.id.pgbNavigationLoading);

		// set listener
		txtNavigationSettings.setOnClickListener(this);
		lblNavigationCity.setOnClickListener(this);
		lblNavigationMensa.setOnClickListener(this);

		return vView;
	}

	/**
	 * Updates locations.
	 * @param aLocations	{@link Map} of {@link List}s of {@link Mensa} locations, sorted by city names.
	 */
	@SuppressLint("InflateParams")
	public synchronized void updateLocations(Map<String, List<Mensa>> aLocations){
		divNavigationCity.removeAllViews();

		// add all cities
		for( String vCity : aLocations.keySet() ){
			TextView vTextView	 = (TextView) getActivity().getLayoutInflater()
					.inflate(R.layout.navigation_city, null);
			try{
				vTextView.setText(vCity);
				vTextView.setOnClickListener(this);
				divNavigationCity.addView(vTextView);
			} catch(NullPointerException e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		// show elements
		lblNavigationCity.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
		lblNavigationMensa.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
		pgbNavigationLoading.setVisibility(View.GONE);

		// select last city or first city
		TextView vTextView = (TextView) divNavigationCity.getChildAt(0);
		String vCity = MainActivity.getInstance().getSettings().getString(
				getString(R.string.settings_saved_city), null);

		if( vCity != null ){
			for( int i=0; i < divNavigationCity.getChildCount(); i++ ){

				// saved city found
				if( ((TextView) divNavigationCity.getChildAt(i))
						.getText().toString().equals(vCity) ){
					vTextView = (TextView) divNavigationCity.getChildAt(i);
					break;
				}

			}

			vCity = null;
		}

		// show navigation drawer
		if( vCity == null ) {
			MainActivity.getInstance().openDrawers();
		}

		showCityList(true);

		// select city entry
		if( vTextView != null ){
			onClick(vTextView);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sets shadow of a {@link DrawerLayout}.
	 * @param aDrawerLayout	{@link DrawerLayout} to set shadow.
	 */
	public void setDrawerShadow(DrawerLayout aDrawerLayout){
		// set drawer shadow
		aDrawerLayout.setDrawerShadow(R.drawable.drawer_shadow, GravityCompat.START);
	}

	/**
	 * Loads mensa locatios of a city.
	 * @param aCity	{@link String} of city name.
	 */
	private void loadCityMensas(String aCity){
		divNavigationMensa.removeAllViews();
		Map<String, List<Mensa>> vLocations = MainActivity.getInstance().getMensaLocations();
		if( vLocations.containsKey(aCity) ){
			for( Mensa vMensa : vLocations.get(aCity) ){
				NavigationMensa vView = new NavigationMensa(getActivity());
				vView.setMensa(vMensa);
				divNavigationMensa.addView(vView);
			}
		}

		// save city
		MainActivity.getInstance().getSettings().edit().putString(
				getString(R.string.settings_saved_city),
				aCity).commit();

		// open mensa list
		showMensaList(true);
		showCityList(false);

		// select saved mensa
		String vMensaName = MainActivity.getInstance().getSettings().getString(
				getString(R.string.setting_saved_mensa), null);

		if( vMensaName != null ){
			for( int i=0; i < divNavigationMensa.getChildCount(); i++ ){
				NavigationMensa vMensa = (NavigationMensa) divNavigationMensa.getChildAt(i);
				if( vMensa != null && vMensa.getMensa().getName().equals(vMensaName) ){
					vMensa.onClick( vMensa.getTextView() );
				}
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Shows or hides list of cities.
	 * @param aShow	Set {@code true} to show list of cities, {@code false} otherwise.
	 */
	private void showCityList(boolean aShow){
		if( aShow ){
			lblNavigationCity.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0, 0, R.drawable.ic_action_collapse, 0);
			divNavigationCity.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
		} else {
			lblNavigationCity.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0, 0, R.drawable.ic_action_expand, 0);
			divNavigationCity.setVisibility(View.GONE);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Shows or hides list of mensas.
	 * @param aShow	Set {@code true} to show mensas, {@code false} otherwise.
	 */
	private void showMensaList(boolean aShow){
		if( aShow ){
			lblNavigationMensa.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0, 0, R.drawable.ic_action_collapse, 0);
			divNavigationMensa.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
		} else {
			lblNavigationMensa.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(0, 0, R.drawable.ic_action_expand, 0);
			divNavigationMensa.setVisibility(View.GONE);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Set selected {@link NavigationMensa}.
	 * @param aNavigationMensa	Selected {@link NavigationMensa}.
	 */
	public void selectMensa(NavigationMensa aNavigationMensa){
		// select mensa
		for( int i=0; i < divNavigationMensa.getChildCount(); i++ ){
			NavigationMensa vNavigationMensa = (NavigationMensa) divNavigationMensa.getChildAt(i);

			if( vNavigationMensa == aNavigationMensa ){
				vNavigationMensa.setSelected(true);
			} else {
				vNavigationMensa.setSelected(false);
			}
		}

		// save selected mensa name
		MainActivity.getInstance().getSettings().edit().putString(
				getString(R.string.setting_saved_mensa),
				aNavigationMensa.getMensa().getName()).commit();

		// set mensa for menu
		MainActivity.getInstance().getMenuTableFragment().setMensa( aNavigationMensa.getMensa() );
		MainActivity.getInstance().closeDrawer();
	}

	@Override
	public void onClick(View v) {

		if( v == txtNavigationSettings ){

			MainActivity.getInstance().showPreferences();

		} else if( v == lblNavigationCity ){

			if( divNavigationCity.getVisibility() == View.GONE ){
				showCityList(true);
			} else {
				showCityList(false);
			}

		} else if( v == lblNavigationMensa ){

			if( divNavigationMensa.getVisibility() == View.GONE ){
				showMensaList(true);
			} else {
				showMensaList(false);
			}

		} else if(v != null  && v instanceof TextView ) {

			// get text view and load mensas of city
			TextView vTextView = (TextView) v;
			loadCityMensas( vTextView.getText().toString() );

			// select city
			for( int i=0; i < divNavigationCity.getChildCount(); i++ ){

				TextView vChild = (TextView) divNavigationCity.getChildAt(i);
				if( vChild == vTextView ){
					vChild.setSelected(true);
				} else {
					vChild.setSelected(false);
				}

			}

		}

	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Stocks Finish Shortened Session Lower
But the Dow still posts its eighth-straight weekly gain.
Nov 29, 2002 2:12 PM EST
Updated from 1:55 p.m. EST
Stocks slid to a lower close in Friday's abbreviated session, as investors reacted nervously to prospects of a United Airlines bankruptcy. The loss wasn't enough to prevent the major averages from posting another up week, however.
ended down 36 points, or 0.4%, at 8896, while the
fell 9 points, or 0.6%, to 1479. The
lost 3 points, or 0.3%, to 936.
Trading was light, even adjusted for the short session, with 637 million shares trading on the
and 833 million shares changing hands on the
. Advancers and decliners were evenly matched on both exchanges.
The Dow added about 1% on the week, giving it its eighth straight weekly gain -- something that hasn't happened in more than four years. The Nasdaq Composite rose a little less than 1% this week, making it seven up weeks out of the last eight.
Shares of
UAL Corp.
(UAL) - Get Report
were down about 27% to $2.64 as investors doubted the company would succeed at getting its mechanics union to agree to a package of pay cuts. United Airlines' parent said it still expects to cut about $5 billion from its cost-structure in time to receive much-needed loan guarantees from the U.S. government. But an S&P analyst called a chapter 11 filing "virtually inevitable."
Stocks with asbestos exposure rallied after
(SEE) - Get Report
agreed to pay more than half-a-billion dollars to settle asbestos-related claims against it. The company faced lawsuits related to the carcinogen as well as claims it tried to shield itself from exposure via an corporate transfer in 1998. Friday's settlement covers these and all future asbestos-related claims. Sealed Air's shares rose 54% to $37.81 on the news.
A World Semiconductor Trade Statistics group survey found global chip sales rose 1.8% in October to $12.5 billion. That's up from $12.3 billion in September and up 20% from $10.4 billion in sales a year ago. The news, while positive, wasn't enough to lift the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index. It ended down a little more than 2%.
With the holiday shopping season kicking off,
(AMZN) - Get Report
released a report on sales patterns during November that showed cell-phone sales four times higher this year than last, and DVD player unit volume up 70%. The survey encompasses Amazon domains worldwide as well as co-branded sites. Amazon dropped 3% to $23.35.
Overseas markets were mixed with London's FTSE 100 down 0.8% to 4153 and Germany's Xetra DAX up 0.2% to 3366. In Asia, Japan's Nikkei rose 0.4% to 9216 while Hong Kong's Hang Seng lost 0.8% to 10,070.
Treasuries were higher, with the 10-year note adding 11/32 to yield 4.21%.


text:
The Americans Season 2 Spoilers: Philip Fears Elizabeth's Readiness for Action
by Shilo Adams February 22, 2014 4:37 pm 663 views0
On their good days, Philip and Elizabeth Jennings complement each other greatly, with his pragmatic, cautious approach to their occupation balances her fire, boldness, and willingness to make a decision. However, on their bad days, the differences between the two often clash, Philip becoming annoyed at Elizabeth not always thinking things through and Elizabeth wishing that Philip was able to be the leader that she wishes he was. More importantly, though, is the issue of their safety, both in terms of their cover and their physical well-being; if Philip and Elizabeth are at odds or Elizabeth makes a move that's too bold or too early, there's a high possibility that everything they've worked for could all be for nothing, but are the two going to be able to get on the same page for the sake of their occupation, lives, and children? Or are the issues and ideologies that divide them too cavernous to be able to overcome?
Listed below are the dates, titles, and descriptions of the first four episodes of the second season of The Americans.
Wednesday, February 26th – "Comrades"
Elizabeth comes back from her injury and straight into what should have been a routine mission – but it goes awry, leaving her and Philip in fear not only for themselves but for their whole network… and family. Paige's suspicions have only grown in her mother's absence. Meanwhile, Stan continues to fall for the Russian agent who has started to play him.
Wednesday, March 5th – "Cardinal"
As Philip investigates the fallout from the last operation, Elizabeth sticks close to home, concerned for her family until she gets a mysterious distress signal. Meanwhile, a walk-in arrives at the Rezidentura – providing both Nina and Stan with unique opportunities.
Wednesday, March 12th – "The Walk In"
Philip and Elizabeth complete their next mission – but not without complications – and Philip's fears about Elizabeth's readiness for action deepen. Stan tracks the KGB walk-in which leads to much praise at work and a deepening of his attachment to, and dependence on, Nina. Meanwhile, Paige snoops into her mother's family background and Oleg begins to scrutinize Nina's secret operation.
Wednesday, March 19th – "A Little Night Music"
Just when Philip and Elizabeth think they have a quiet road ahead, an old friend returns to complicate things. Not only do they have to intercept a target who could prove valuable to the Soviet Union, but they also have to take on an important rogue mission without the support of the Centre. Divisions inside the Rezidentura deepen between Oleg and Arkady and there's an upheaval at the FBI as the chickens come home to roost for Agent Gaad. Meanwhile, Martha's frustrations threaten to blow Philip's cover.
The second season of The Americans premieres Wednesday, February 26th at 10:00 on FX.
Will you be watching The Americans this season? Is Elizabeth's marriage to Philip fundamentally broken at this point? What will Paige find when she begins snooping into her mother's background?
Shilo Adams
Shilo Adams is a contributor to TVHackr whose work has appeared on the likes of TVOvermind, KSiteTV, and ScreenFad. You can e-mail him at [email protected] or follow him on Twitter @shilo_adams.
Looking 1.06 Sneak Peek: Patrick Introduces Richie to His Friends
Lost Girl 4.07 Sneak Peek: Bo Gets Inside Dyson's Memory
The Americans / by Shilo Adams - April 16, 2014 12:23 pm
The Americans Renewed for Season 3 by FX
FX has announced that critically acclaimed espionage drama The Americans has been renewed for a third 13-episode season, which will premiere in early 2015. "The Americans continues be one of the best…
The Americans / by Shilo Adams - March 19, 2014 6:09 pm
The Americans 2.04 Sneak Peek: Is Elizabeth Too Afraid?
Before the slaughter of Emmett and Leanne, Elizabeth was by far the bolder and more patriotic of the Jennings, never letting herself fully assimilate into American culture and always keeping in…
The Americans 2.03 Sneak Peek: Philip and Elizabeth Prepare for Their Next Mission
Though Philip and Elizabeth were always concerned about their children's safety when it came in relation to their occupation, the deaths of Emmett, Leanne, and Amelia hit Elizabeth especially hard, as…
The Americans / by Shilo Adams - March 5, 2014 6:23 pm
The Americans 2.02 Sneak Peek: Elizabeth Receives a Mysterious Distress Signal
Now more than ever, Philip and Elizabeth Jennings are concerned about how their occupation is impacting the lives of their children. Earlier in their careers, they rationalized that they were…


text:
Q: Maximal number of subsets of $n$ real numbers that have the same sum, when $2^{n-2}$ of subsets have "unique" sums I've recently found a problem that I still can't solve: Dependency of the properties of numbers' subsets   concerning subsets' sums of $n$ real numbers.
A problem linked with it, that may be interesting not only for me has been proposed by @RossMillikan.  Having $2^{n-2}$ subsets of "unique" sums gives a hypothetical possibility that the remaining $3 \cdot 2^{n-2}$ subsets may have the same sum, which violates the given inequality (the second number is too big). What (and why) is instead the maximal number of the remaining subsets then?  I can't figure out why there may not be such a combination. I know that even for small $n=2$ sums of two subsets influence the third one, but I don't know what are the general dependencies. I would appreciate any help in this and/or linked problem.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Spleen. Light micrograph of a cross section through the spleen. The spleen has a dense, fibrous, outer capsule (top right corner). The spleen consists of nodules of white pulp (purple) which contain populations of lymphocyte cells. These initiate immune responses against diseases. The white pulp is embedded in red pulp (pink) made largely of red blood cells. Trabeculae as seen at bottom centre contain arteries and veins. The spleen's roles include removal of disease- producing organisms from the blood, production of immune responses and destruction of old or defective blood cells. Haematoxylin and eosin stained.


ISLAMABAD - While the doctors in Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) struggle hard to save life of gunman Sikandar who made hostage entire Islamabad on Thursday, Islamabad Capital Territory Police on Friday registered an FIR against him and his wife under Terrorism Act in Kohsar police station.
"We have registered an FIR No 398 against the accused under Section 324/506 (02)/341/337H (2)/353/186-/279/427/34/7ATA/13.20.65 AO," Hakim Khan, Station House Officer of Kohsar Police station confirmed to The Nation on Friday.
Security agencies are ,however, conducting investigation into the apparent and hidden motive of the injured attacker Sikandar. And the way Zamurad Khan was given a go ahead to approach the attacker moments before the administration had decided to conduct an action against the assailant.
On the other hand, Dr Waseem Khawaja, spokesperson of PIMS told The Nation early in the morning on Friday that team of surgeons successfully conducted operation of the gunman and recovered two bullets from his body.
"Sikandar has been shifted to Intensive Care Unit of PIMS following the surgical operation. Doctors recovered two bullets from his body. One of the bullets ruptured his lungs while another one penetrated hard in his leg and fractured bones. He is still unconscious, however, next 24 hours are very important for his recovery," Dr Waseem Khawaja said.
Quoting his wife Kanwal who is under treatment in PIMS following a bullet injury, Waseem Khawaja said the accused used to subject his wife to immense torture and was addict as well. He, however, confirmed that doctors who operated the gunman said he was not under influence of any drug or liquor for past couple of days.
According to official sources, Sikandar, the gunman and his wife reached Islamabad a couple of days back on Wednesday to get their passports urgently. Both stayed in new Islamabad Hotel alongwith their kids.
"Both Sikandar and his wife wanted to travel to Dubai where their son is allegedly languishing in a jail. They reached Islamabad just to obtain passports on urgent basis. This is what we have known during preliminary investigations," one of higher police official privy to the development in the case told The Nation.
On Friday, senior superintendent of Islamabad Capital territory police told journalists that police deliberately avoided use of force against the accused as they wanted to arrest him alive.
"We wanted to arrest him alive and remained successful in our planning," said SSP Rizwan. He said that former Parliamentarian Zamurad Khan acted by his own.
Earlier on Thursday, it looked liked a scene of thrilling movie of Hollywood when a brave former member of the National Assembly got hold of a gunman who managed to make hostage the entire Islamabad for almost five hours. Amidst live television coverage of the entire event, Pakistanis kept on glued to their TV screens as the high drama prolonged and finally entered consecutive fifth hour.
As the gunman man continued to make hostage entire Islamabad, Zamurad Khan risked his life to meet the gunman man apparently giving the impression that he was there for negotiations. However, Zamurad Khan had something else in his mind. While greeting the kids of gunman, Zamurad jumped to overpower the gunman, ,however, slipped and fell down.His bravery gave the police a chance to get hold of the gunman and they did not make any mistake.
In what could be called as biggest security lapse in the history of Federal capital Islamabad, a man armed with AK-47 Kalashnikov and sub-machine gun entered high security zone in the evening on Thursday and demanded the government to step down and establish Islamic rule of law and Shariah in Pakistan.
While people and media kept on criticising the law-enforcement agencies arguing it was their failure to overcome a single gunman who managed to force entry into the red zone, Islamabad police high ups choose to prolong the siege of gunman making him tire just to arrest him alive. Finally, the strategy worked and gunman was arrested.
It is still a mystery as how did the man, armed with latest weapons, managed to reach the high security zone that is surrounded by a dozen of police pickets.
Rana Sanaullah, Provincial Minister of Punjab termed the incident as a result of poor security arrangement in the Federal capital and asked the government to identify the officials who were responsible for this horrible incident.


If you are interested in my art and animations and are willing to support it, this is the place. All it takes is getting charged for as small as a dollar a month, which you can cancel at anytime. That single dollar can go a long way.
Animating and drawing is a life long passion of mine, and it would be amazing to live off of doing what I love to do. I have a lot of animation projects that are gathering dust since working on one takes a really long time, and I can't spend too much time doing my own projects since I rely on earning through doing paid commissions.
With your help and contributions, I will be able to dedicate more time to making more digital content of my own.
All earnings will be going to my daily needs, fees for upgrading my compute rig, drawing equipment, possibly voice actors or extra hands, and many other necessities to help me spend more time animating and drawing the good stuff.
If you've decided to become my patron, thank you very much! You'll be entitled to exclusive content along with my eternal gratitude. And if you're only visiting, thanks for dropping by. Hope to see you come back as a patron!


text:
Stocks to Buy / New Cryptographic Firm Acquisition Will Make Coinbase More Secure
New Cryptographic Firm Acquisition Will Make Coinbase More Secure
COIN stock should benefit long term from the Unbound Security acquisition and not doing it would have been worse
December 2, 2021	 By Mark R. Hake, CFA	Dec 2, 2021, 2:35 pm EST	 December 2, 2021
Coinbase Global (NASDAQ:COIN) recently acquired cryptographic security firm Unbound Security for an undisclosed price. That firm, based in Tel Aviv, Israel, will be able to assist Coinbase greatly, as the latter has faced challenges with security in the past. This will benefit its users as well as the long-term future of COIN stock.
Source: OpturaDesign / Shutterstock.com
I expect that COIN stock will do much better over the coming year. For example, over the past month COIN stock peaked at $357.39 on Nov. 9 and now trades at $288.70 as of Dec. 1. That's a drop of $68.69, or 19.2% in a little under a month.
It's no secret that Coinbase has issues with security. For example, on Oct. 1, Coinbase said "at least" 6,000 users were robbed in phishing attacks on the company. The hacks occurred when a phishing campaign got around Coinbase's SMS authentication.
The scope of the phishing attack became apparent when a number of users received a letter from Coinbase, saying in part, "the third party took advantage of a flaw in Coinbase's SMS Account Recovery process in order to receive an SMS two-factor authentication token and gain access to your account."
In the end, Coinbase ended up reimbursing the value of the currency that was robbed from these peoples' accounts. So it cost COIN to cover this security breach.
What Unbound Security Will Do For Coinbase
Although Coinbase told the affected users that it had fixed the multi-factor authentication bypass error, the company obviously decided it had to beef up its security.
The new acquisition should help. Unbound Security is a pioneer in a number of cryptographic security technologies, including the emerging field of secure multi-party computation (MPC). This involves cryptographic algorithms that focus on the exact privacy and correctness requirements involved in data authentication. As a result, these algorithms help prevent phishing scams such as the one that hit its users this year.
The Coinbase blog on Medium that announced the acquisition didn't specify the purchase price. But it did focus on the fact that Coinbase would have access to a number of the experts in the field at Unbound Security. The blog said Coinbase now has "access to some of the world's most sophisticated cryptographic security experts." So to COIN, this R&D capacity must be just as important as the company's actual technology.
Cryptocurrencies and their trading involves a lot of security for the users and their wallets. Coinbase really had no choice but to purchase a company like this. As the company said in the blog, "Crypto can't grow without strong cryptography and strong security."
Where This Leaves COIN Stock
If this makes Coinbase more secure, then it will be a boon for COIN stock over the long term. Obviously, this is a long-term situation as well, since the goal is to thwart new scams and attacks on Coinbase's data, users, assets, and privacy.
The problem is that no one will ever know the difference. Preventing a future security breach won't push the stock higher, but another major breach will definitely hurt the stock. So in a way, this is a defensive acquisition, but its absence could lead to much harm and a lower price for COIN stock.
The bottom line is that the purchase of Unbound Security is a good move, and given time should be a good thing for COIN stock owners.
On the date of publication, Mark R. Hake did not hold any position (either directly or indirectly) in the securities mentioned in this article. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the writer, subject to the InvestorPlace.com Publishing Guidelines.
Mark Hake writes about personal finance on mrhake.medium.com and Newsbreak.com runs the Total Yield Value Guide which you can review here.
Article printed from InvestorPlace Media, https://investorplace.com/2021/12/new-cryptographic-firm-acquisition-will-make-coinbase-more-secure/.


text:
Remixing Brussels
By Randomizer
Posted in Documentary, Visual
Readymade montage. Saint Gilles, April 2014.
Brussels without the EU. It's a hell of a thought, particularly for the tens of thousands drawn to the city, to work for European political institutions and business. So omnipresent are Union offices and buildings that, for most visitors to the Belgian capital, they are the city. Never mind the medieval architecture, the longstanding immigrant community, and the beer and fries. Brussels is now about steel and glass buildings, salads, and multilingual Europeans in suits, riding Brompton folders.
For proponents of European federalism, it's an acceptable exchange, on behalf of a unified continent. If not this, then what? Twentieth century Europe, with its two world wars? No thanks. A sanitized, upper middle class city, populated by idealist bureaucrats, is a far cry from the murderous nationalism and the social engineering of the Nazi and Communist periods. Let the rest of the EU cry diversity. In Brussels, conformity is always in the service of peace.
That is, if one buys the federalized Europe equals neutrality bit. Not far away from the EU district, and its satellite residential neighborhoods, Brussels, albeit Belgium, survives. The poster and translation below, documenting the city's ongoing struggles with law enforcement and prison construction, is one such example. It is a perfect testimonial to the lie that 'European' Brussels often broadcasts about itself, as a place of fulfillment and happiness, as satirized in the lead photograph, above. [Click to enlarge]
Anti-police flyer. Brussels, 2010.
Solidarity with those accused of attacking the Marolles police station!
Friday, 1 October, a spirited protest against detention centers, prisons, borders and the state was expected at the Gare du Midi in Brussels. The State did not give consent and militarized the entire area. People were arrested at the station and its surroundings, armed cops with machine guns were strategically posted in Anderlecht and several anti-riot units were mobilized to protect the Forest and Saint Gilles prisons. A ban on assembly was enacted in half of Brussels and the police were sent onto the streets to enforce it. A few hours after the scheduled start, dozens of people attacked the Marolles police station located five minutes from the Gare du Midi. The police station and some police cars were vandalized and two policemen were wounded. Later in the day, four people were arrested and charged with the attack. They are now being detained in Forest Prison awaiting trial.
We fully support the attack for which they are accused because it was rational. We affiliate ourselves with it. Not only because we have always been anti-cop but above all because it is part of a long struggle in Brussels, in which more and more people are attacking that which seeks to crush, exploit, control and imprison them. This tension can be felt across prisons and detention centers throughout the country. The fight against detention centers and prisons in recent years, and especially the demonstration planned for 1 October, has emerged in the context of this ongoing tension. Through our solidarity we will never forget those that the state takes from us. On 1 October, people were ready to take to the streets for what they believed in and to fight against that which makes their dreams impossible. And the people will continue to do so. We will continue to do so.
This is because our dreams shape our struggle. It is our dreams that will save our imprisoned companions from their confined isolation.
We will not settle for less than a world without prisons and detention centers. We will continuously fight anything that makes freedom unattainable.
Full text: http://mmpapeur.blogspot.be/2010/10/solidarite-avec-les-inculpes-de.html
Translated from the French by Kit Rickard. Photographs courtesy of Joel Schalit.
The Appeal of Russia
Tasbih Islam
Anne Frank for Populists
Just Say Europe
The View From the Newsroom


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Connecting enthusiasts with equine organizations across America
The EQUUS Foundation connects individuals and organizations in the equine community committed to the welfare of horses with the goal of building a support base of equine advocates and affecting change.
The Equine Welfare Network consists of equine organizations united by their commitment to horse welfare that are primarily charitable organizations, government agencies, and other non-profit entities that meet our eligibility requirements. We welcome all eligible organizations to sign up and take advantage of the benefits of participation.
The listing is provided free of charge to eligible organizations to help educate visitors about their mission and programs, and raise awareness of the value of horses inour lives. The listing of an organization on this site is not an endorsement. If you have concerns about any of the organizations, please contact us. If you wish to check the IRS tax-exempt status of any organization listed on this site, please visit GuideStar or the IRS Non-Profit Search.
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text:
require 'test_helper'

class UnknownAdminTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
  test "truth" do
    assert_kind_of Module, UnknownAdmin
  end
end


text:
Google Earth Hacks Forums > Google Earth > File Comments > Persian Wars - Battle of Salamis (map overlay) discussion
View Full Version : Persian Wars - Battle of Salamis (map overlay) discussion
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Persian Wars - Battle of Salamis (map overlay)

The Battle of Salamis was a naval battle between the Greek city-states and Persia, fought in September, 480 BC in the straits between Piraeus and Salamis, a small island in the Saronic Gulf near Athens, Greece.

The Greeks had 371 triremes and pentekonters (smaller fifty-oared ships), effectively under Themistocles, but nominally led by the Spartan Eurybiades. The Spartans had very few ships to contribute, but they regarded themselves the natural leaders of any joint Greek military expedition, and always insisted that the Spartan general would be given command on such occasions. There were 180 ships from Athens, 40 from Corinth, 30 from Aegina, 20 from Chalcis, 20 from Megara, 16 from Sparta, 15 from Sicyon, 10 from Epidaurus, 7 from Eretria, 7 from Ambracia, 5 from Troizen, 4 from Naxos, 3 from Leucas, 3 from Hermione, 2 from Styra, 2 from Cythnus, 2 from Ceos, 2 from Melos, one from Siphnus, one from Seriphus, and one from Croton.

The much larger Persian fleet consisted of 1207 ships, although their original invasion force consisted of many more ships that had since been lost due to storms in the Aegean Sea and at Artemisium. The Persians, led by Xerxes I, decided to meet the Athenian fleet off the coast of Salamis Island, and were so confident of their victory that Xerxes set up a throne on the shore, on the slopes of Mount Aegaleus, to watch the battle in style and record the names of commanders who performed particularly well.

Eurybiades and the Spartans continued to argue with Themistocles about the necessity of fighting at Salamis. They still wanted to fight the battle closer to Corinth, so that they could retreat to the mainland in case of a defeat, or withdraw completely and let the Persians attack them by land. Themistocles argued in favor of fighting at Salamis, as the Persian fleet would be able to continually supply their army no matter how many defensive walls Eurybiades built. At one point during the debate, spirits flared so badly that Eurybiades raised his staff of office and threatened to strike Themistocles with it. Themistocles responded calmly "Strike then, but hear me!" (in Greek "πάταξον μεν, άκουσον δε"). His eloquence was matched by his cunning. Afraid that he would be overruled by Eurybiades despite the Spartan's total lack of naval expertise, Themistocles sent an informer, a slave named Sicinnus, to Xerxes to make the Persian king believe that the Greeks had in fact not been able to agree on a location for battle, and would be stealthily retreating during the night. Xerxes believed Sicinnus and had his fleet blockade the western outlet of the straits, which also served to block any Greek ships who might be planning to escape. Sicinnus was later rewarded with emancipation and Greek citizenship. Artemisia, the queen of Halicarnassus in Asia Minor and an ally of Xerxes, supposedly tried to convince him to wait for the Greeks to surrender, as a battle in the straits of Salamis would be deadly to the large Persian ships, but Xerxes and his chief advisor Mardonius pressed for an attack. Throughout the night the Persian ships searched the gulf for the Greek retreat, while in fact the Greeks remained on their ships, asleep. During the night Aristides, formerly a political opponent of Themistocles, arrived to report that Themistocles' plan had worked, and he allied with the Athenian commander to strengthen the Greek force.

The next morning (possibly September 28, but the exact date is unknown), the Persians were exhausted from searching for the Greeks all night, but they sailed in to the straits anyway to attack the Greek fleet. The Corinthian ships under Adeimantus immediately retreated, drawing the Persians further into the straits after them; although the Athenians later felt this was due to cowardice, the Corinthians had most likely been instructed to feign a retreat by Themistocles. Nevertheless none of the other Greek ships dared to attack, until one Greek trireme quickly rammed the lead Persian ship. At this, the rest of the Greeks joined the attack.

As at Artemisium, the much larger Persian fleet could not manoeuvre in the gulf, and a smaller contingent of Athenian and Aeginan triremes flanked the Persian navy. The Persians tried to turn back, but a strong wind sprang up and trapped them; those that were able to turn around were also trapped by the rest of the Persian fleet that had jammed the strait. The Greek and Persian ships rammed each other and something similar to a land battle ensued. Both sides had marines on their ships (the Greeks with fully armed hoplites), and arrows and javelins also flew across the narrow strait. The chief Persian admiral Ariamenes rammed Themistocles' ship, but in the hand-to-hand combat that followed Ariamenes was killed by a Greek foot soldier.

Only about 100 of the heavier Persian triremes could fit into the gulf at a time, and each successive wave was disabled or destroyed by the lighter Greek triremes. At least 200 Persian ships were sunk, including one by Artemisia, who apparently switched sides in the middle of the battle to avoid being captured and ransomed by the Athenians. Aristides also took another small contingent of ships and recaptured Psyttaleia, a nearby island that the Persians had occupied a few days earlier. It is said that it was the Immortals, the elite Persian Royal Guard, who during the battle had to evacuate to Psyttaleia after their ships sank: they were slaughtered to a man. According to Herodotus, the Persians suffered many more casualties than the Greeks because the Persians did not know how to swim; one of the Persian casualties was a brother of Xerxes. Those Persians who survived and ended up on shore were killed by the Greeks who found them.

Xerxes, sitting ashore upon his golden throne, witnessed the horror. He remarked that Artemisia was the only general to show any productive bravery ramming and destroying nine Athenian triremes, saying, "My female general has become a man, and my male generals all become women."


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Gabriel Okara (1921 – 2019)
Webby March 28, 2019 March 28, 2019
•The drum, muffled; the piano, plaintive; as the grand poet goes home
Two years before he died on March 25 at the age of 97, Gabriel Okara participated in a celebration of his literary celebrity. The Institute of Arts and Culture of the University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, organized the Gabriel Okara Literary Festival to mark the giant's birthday. The four-day event, held in April 2017, was testimony to Okara's recognition.
Introducing the event, the institute's director, Prof Julie Okoh, said: "We strongly believe that we should not only celebrate our heroes when they are dead, but that they should also be part of that heroic celebration… Gabriel Okara will feature prominently in all the programmes of activities of Gabriel Okara Literary Festival. He will read, sing and dance as much as his health and strength will permit." The festival's theme was "Nigerian Literature since Gabriel Okara: Continuities and Departures."
Okara, a literary pioneer, attracted attention with his poem "The Call of the River Nun," which won a prize at the Nigerian Festival of Arts in 1953. The poem was adjudged the "Best All-Round Entry in Poetry." By 1960, he had gained recognition for his poetry, some of which had been published in the literary magazine, Black Orpheus, and his poetry had been translated into several languages. He was among the prominent African writers who attended the historic African Writers Conference, held in June 1962 at Makerere University College in Kampala, Uganda.
There was no doubt about Okara's poetic power. His collection, The Fisherman's Invocation, won the Commonwealth Poetry Prize in 1979. In 2005, Okara's The Dreamer, His Vision, won Nigeria's biggest literary prize, the NLNG Prize for Literature.
Okara also wrote fiction. Indeed, his linguistically experimental novel, The Voice (1964), is a tour de force in which he "translated directly from the Ijo (Ijaw) language, imposing Ijo syntax onto English in order to give literal expression to African ideas and imagery." He wrote juvenile literature as well, notably Little Snake and Little Frog (1981) and An Adventure to Juju Island (1992).
His poetry and prose were vehicles for his unapologetic Africanism. His works explored the clash of cultures arising from Africa's experience under European colonialism and colonization. The question of African cultural identity was a leitmotif in his creative works. He was described as "the Nigerian Negritudist," which reflected his Africanist perspective.
Born in Bumoundi in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Okara attended Government College, Umuahia, and Yaba Higher College. He started writing during his stint as a printer and bookbinder in colonial Nigeria's government-run publishing company in the 1940s. In the beginning, he translated poetry from Ijaw into English and wrote radio scripts. He later studied journalism at Northwestern University, United States, in 1949.
He was Information Officer for the Eastern Nigerian Government Service before the outbreak of the Nigerian Civil War in 1967, and was roving ambassador for secessionist Biafra during the war, which ended in 1970. It is said that many of his unpublished manuscripts were destroyed during the war. After the war, Okara was director of the Rivers State Publishing House in Port Harcourt from 1972 to 1980.
Interestingly, a 2017 book, Gabriel Okara, situates the writer in the context of African literature. The book, a compilation of symposium essays on Okara's body of work, according to its editor, Prof Chidi Maduka, addressed Okara's "place in African literature and the fact that he has not been given his full due in African literature."
Okara's well-anthologised poems, including "Piano and Drums" and "You Laughed and Laughed and Laughed," carried his name far and wide. His place as a literator, and a significant voice in the evolution of African literature, is beyond question.
Enter NFIU
Ambode, Obasa, Fasanmi, others hail Tinubu at 67
No to Women's World Cup, Yes to AFCON —SABC
Premier League Round 28 Preview: Everton Look To Move Into Top Half Away At Cardiff
Photos: Sanwo-Olu, Buratai meet in Lagos
Miracle! You Won't Believe That A Man Came Out Alive From This Horrific Accident (Photos)
Kogi, Bayelsa guber election date set


text:
Q: No sound output from Macbook to TV via HDMI? I've got an LG OLED TV with HDMI support. I have a 2018 Macbook with USB-C ports running Catalina 10.15.4.
I bought a USB-C to HDMI 2.0 cable and hooked up my Macbook to my TV.
The pictures come out perfectly, but the sound continues to output through my Macbook.
I have verified that the TV is selected as the output under System Peferences -> Sound -> Output.


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Home •-Feature	A New Way of Looking At The World with Simon Mainwaring
A New Way of Looking At The World with Simon Mainwaring
written by Connections Radio with Cynthia James and Dr. Jordan Paul June 22, 2011
Listen to internet radio with VividLife Radio on Blog Talk Radio
Featured Guest: Simon Mainwaring
Segment Title: A New Way of Looking At The World
Interview Description: Simon Mainwaring, one of the world's foremost experts on branding and social media, distills complex ideas down into simple, memorable communications, and engages us on a powerful, emotional level. He tells us how to create a brand that is consistent with our authentic self. His unique combination of spontaneity, disarming humor, and seriousness of purpose leaves us enlightened,
inspired and wanting more.
Bio: Simon Mainwaring is respected author, influential blogger and international speaker. A former Nike creative at Wieden & Kennedy, and worldwide creative director for Motorola at Ogilvy, he is an Expert Blogger for Fast Company. Simon's new book We First lays out an actionable plan for how brands and consumers use social media to create a partnership that provides sustained prosperity for business and our world.
Contact: www.SimonMainwaring.com
Everyday Hero: Marilyn Levin is the Commitment Director for Four Years Go, a campaign to shift humanity's course toward a just, fulfilling and sustainable future by the end of 2014.
Contact: www.fouryearsgo.org, www.globalsufficiency.org
Written by Connections Radio with Cynthia James and Dr. Jordan Paul
Show Description: "Connections Radio: Awakening oneness in us all" is an enlightening and empowering cutting-edge weekly variety talk show hosted by the dynamic team of Cynthia James and Dr. Jordan Paul. The main segment of the show presentsa Featured Guest interview that showcases internationally renowned leaders in the areas of Spirituality, Business, Entertainment and Personal Empowerment sharing their personal and professional experiences for living more authentic and meaningfully connected lives.
The Everyday Hero segment of the program supports grass roots initiatives by honoring individuals who may not be well-known but are working on initiatives that are creating a more harmoniously and peaceful planet.
Two additional program segments feature the hosts introducing the featured guest with a lively 4-5 minute discussion of their personal ideas and experiences
regarding the subject area to be covered and a follow-up discussion of their reactions and thoughts about the just concluded interview.
The final segment of the program is a powerful centering meditation designed to give listeners an experience of oneness as they connect to their hearts.
Connections Radio is a project of Humanity' s Team whose mission is: To awaken the world to our oneness.
Meet the Hosts!
Cynthia James bio: Cynthia is a lecturer, teacher and internationally renowned performing artist. She was the co-host of a talk show in Los Angeles. She has counseled thousands of people; in corporate environments, as one-on-one clients, couples and created youth programs. She's facilitated hundreds of workshops and seminars and has been a featured speaker in business and spiritual forums.
Her life has transformed as she transcended her childhood of violence and abuse. Through education and personal healing, Cynthia created the foundation for this program and many other classes that integrate traditional therapeutic techniques, music, creativity and spiritual processes.
Ms. James graduated from two Masters Degree programs, one in spiritual psychology and one in consciousness studies. She currently serves as an associate minister at Mile Hi Church, one of the largest new thought spiritual centers in the world, with a congregation of over 10,000 member and friends.
Cynthia lives and thrives in the beautiful mountains of Colorado with her husband Carl.
www.CynthiaJames.net
Twitter: @RevCynthia
Dr. Jordan Paul Bio: Jordan Paul, Ph.D., is a noted author, psychotherapist, college professor, business consultant, and motivational speaker. His current excitement and challenge comes from presenting innovative ways to open minds to new ways of thinking and learning.
To accomplish this, Jordan co-hosts Connections Radio an innovative internet radio talk show that explores integrating greater oneness into our lives both personally and globally. In his blog, Reflections From My Heart, Jordan shares what he has learned that is allowing him to live more authentically and in oneness.
Dr. Paul has authored or co-authored six books, including the national best- seller, Do I Have to Give Up Me to Be Loved by You? In Becoming Your Own Hero, he presents a comprehensive look at what may be the most important, challenging, and least understood pursuit of our lives, finding fulfillment by learning to live more consistently connected to our hearts.
Jordan Paul is a nationally known expert in conflict resolution and has created and taught workshops in conflict resolution since 1975. He is a very popular motivational speaker presenting keynote addresses at major eventsand has appeared on numerous radio and television as a guest expert, and on the ABC radio network as a talk show host.
www.drjordanpaul.com
Twitter Name:
DrJordanPaul
ConnectionsRadi
Facebook Fanpage Link
Connections Radio
Dr Jordan Paul
A New Way of Looking At The World with Simon Mainwaring was last modified: June 22nd, 2011 by Connections Radio with Cynthia James and Dr. Jordan Paul
Connections RadioHumanity's TeamJordan Paul and Cynthia Jamesself helpSimon Mainwaringsocial mediaVividLife Radio ShowsVividLife.me
Bring Light Into Your Life with Dr Susan Jamieson
Working with the Scale of Emotions with Max Ryan
The Fifth Law of Wellness: Practice Love and Compassion
A Holistic Approach to Family Wellbeing with Armando Cruz & Jay Forte
Lee Harris and Sandie Sedgbeer, The Role That Energy Plays in Your Life
7 Ways To Find Your Inner (and Real) Happiness
The School of Heart Knocks
The Adult Temper Tantrum
Mindfullness expert Elisha Goldstein on Life with Direction Wed. Sept. 8th at 2pm EST
READ: How To Keep Your Immune System From Taking Its Own Vacation This Holiday Season by Carolyn Scott-Hamilton
'Wake Up' chronicles the search for one's spiritual self


Though the Ugandan government had approved and finalized the adoption, there were some difficulties in getting the children approved to come to the US.
Doug and Brooke Waller of West Arkansas are celebrating the homecoming of their two children Joseph and Rose from Uganda. Friends and family held up welcome signs at the airport upon their arrival.
The joyous day came after a long, difficult battle with the United States government regarding immigration requirements. "We had to leave them behind and say we'll be back and that was the toughest departure we had of all the trips we made," said Doug. For quite some time the couple felt stuck in the middle between their two kids Henry and Teddy at their home in Arkansas and their two children in Africa.
Doug and Brooke are both U.S. Navy veterans. They adopted Henry and Teddy from Ethiopia a few years ago. One would think that experience would present smooth future adoption. That was certainly not the case in this instance.
The Wallers started the adoption of 4-year-old Joseph and 2-year-old Rose in May of 2016. The Ugandan courts approved the adoption and awarded them full custody of the children. Although the couple had been working with the U.S. Department of State and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, the U.S. denied the proper immigration status needed to bring the kids home.
One of the children was critically ill and in need of modern medical care. Doug and Brooke had to pay out-of-pocket for foster care expenses to the family who was caring for Joseph and Rose in Uganda. The couple launched an online campaign for the awareness and fundraising needed to bring their children home. The couple extends many thanks to everyone who helped them along the way. The family is anxious to have some down time at home to play and bond as a family.


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Development of Mill-burner System for Low-rank Coal with Super .Low grade coal accounts for half of all coal resources in the world, and super-high-moisture coal with a moisture content exceeding 50% is one such kind. When such super-high-moisture coal is applied to conventional USC boilers, the shortage of mill drying capacity and the decline of ignitability and combustibility caused.various types of coal mill 24253,Planetary Type Reduction Gear for Coal Mills:Hitachi Nico .Planetary Type Reduction Gear for Coal Mills. Image : Planetary Type Reduction Gear for Coal Mills. Highly dependable HITACHI centrifugal process compressors with advanced technology of high efficiency impeller, are used all around the world. BCH type compressor with radially split (barrel) casing are used for the light.


The latest winner of SearchNetworking's Network Innovation Award is Avaya Inc., in recognition of its Open Networking Adapter (ONA), an appliance that uses software-defined networking (SDN) principles to connect end-user devices to a virtual network. The ONA represents one of the earliest SDN-IoT integration efforts. Via automated provisioning, the device downloads and enforces centrally defined security and performance policies, in the process turning the Ethernet-equipped endpoint into an intelligent "network node." It then allows network administrators to virtually monitor the endpoint and reset or disable it, if necessary.
The ONA appliance itself, which is about the size of a deck of cards, uses the open source virtual networking platform Open vSwitch and runs on a commercial off-the-shelf processor. The device is designed for easy deployment by non-IT staff.
According to Avaya, the ONA -- part of the vendor's SDN Fx architecture -- can deliver intelligent connectivity to everything from an Internet of Things (IoT) device to an entire branch office, turning any endpoint into a network hotspot. To learn more about the appliance and what it means for the intersection of SDN and IoT, SearchSDN Site Editor Alissa Irei spoke with Randy Cross, senior director of product management at Avaya, based in Santa Clara, Calif.
How does Avaya's Open Networking Adapter enable SDN, IoT integration?
Randy Cross: ONA gives you the ability to basically take a tiny, little data center server, and attach it to an end device and provide processing power. You're able to get all of the capabilities and advantages of SDN right there at the user-device edge.
What kinds of devices could connect to the network using the ONA?
Cross: The first apps we're building center on the IoT device in healthcare. But with SDN, the trick is in the application, so the potential is rather immense. The ONA can connect everything from medical devices and manufacturing sensors to building management systems like HVAC.
What is Avaya's plan for further application development?
Cross: Our intent is to provide a software developer's kit to the partner community, along with training to assess the needs of their customer bases. This will allow them to drive their own value through the creation of apps, which they can either sell exclusively or via third-party vendors.
What's an example of a problem the ONA helps solve?
ONA gives you the ability to basically take a tiny, little data center server, and attach it to an end device and provide processing power.
Cross: Medical devices have a bit of a unique problem in that the government regulates who can touch them, so the hospital IT staff doesn't get to configure them. That's left to the manufacturer of the IoT device, and a lot of those devices run older operating systems like Windows 2000. You can't necessarily put patches on them, or run an intrusion prevention system (IPS) or a host-based firewall. So, they need extra protection and attention. ONA creates isolation for those devices, so they can operate securely.
We are also using ONA to take devices out of scope for Payment Card Industry (PCI) audits -- removing that problem for some of these folks by removing data from the immediate payment environment.
In that vein, how exactly does the ONA address security?
Cross: The ONA addresses the first step in security, which is isolation. The IoT device is confined to a mission-specific network, isolating it from other traffic and systems, and limiting its ability to compromise the wider network fabric.
From there, we're really looking to the ecosystem to provide the other aspects of security, where we can isolate traffic, get it to whatever point we need in the network -- usually the data center -- and then be able to drop it there and into firewalls, IPS or whatever security solutions are required for that traffic.
How does Avaya view the SDN-IoT intersection?
Cross: SDN and IoT are definitely starting to come together now. As vendors, we always go for the low-hanging fruit first. So, you saw SDN applied to the data center, which clearly had lots of problems that were fairly straightforward to solve with the right tool set. Then, the industry jumped into SD-WAN, where there are cost problems and other issues that people are anxious to address. With ONA, we're looking at the user-device edge of the network to apply SDN. IoT is becoming a little clearer, and the way we apply technology to figure out related concerns is coming more to light. I think you're going to see a lot more focus on addressing IoT with SDN technology.
What's next for the ONA?
Cross: It's great to run around with that little ONA device in your hand, but the ONA itself is really about the code. Because it does run on a general purpose central processing unit, I can port that anywhere. We're having discussions about porting it onto other types of access devices -- that's a straightforward, easy one.
More interestingly, we're also out having discussions with endpoint manufacturers. So take your favorite kind of endpoint, which may actually have a processor in it, but doesn't necessarily have any kind of advanced intelligence or capability, and port that code into its processor. These devices would have inherent intelligence to talk to the network controller, without needing an extra piece of hardware. That's one less thing for IT to manage, while still getting all of the SDN-IoT capabilities and advantages they are looking for.
And what's next for Avaya generally?
Cross: We're certainly intent on continuing down this path that led us to ONA -- really figuring out how to address the business problems of our customer base. If that means more things out toward the user-edge, then we're looking at how we push those technologies out there -- from controller technology to endpoint technology.
We also will maintain our focus on open source and interoperable technologies. Rather than address the challenges of scale and high availability that come with OpenDaylight and OpenStack, many vendors have said, "You know what? It'd be easier to take the proprietary route."
We are really looking to take those challenges head-on, working with the community and our partners to figure out how to create scale and high-availability in those technologies. We want to enable customers to use open tools and any technology they want, with total interoperability.
Does SDN plus IoT equal a security nightmare?
How do you think SDN, IoT will overlap in the coming months and years?


text:
Q: if __name__ == '__main__': porque hay personas que lo usan ciertamente para disminuir el código, pero no se que hace, cuando debería usarlo, cual es la lógica de uso.. ejemplo.
una lista de números pares...
if __name__ == '__main__':
    for number in range(2, 100, 2):
        print(number)

de antemano muchas gracias a todos

A: El if __main__=="__main__:" es un condicional para evitar que se ejecute una sección del código cuando se importa como un módulo. Para mas info: pregunta de stackoverfow.
El for number in range(2, 100, 2): es un for each para todos los numeros desde el 2 hasta el 100 avanzando de a 2 en 2. Para mas info en la funcion range: doc de python para range
La ultima parte es imprime estos numero en la consola


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Advanced Pilates & Yoga will help you to increase your flexibility and tone core muscle groups through an invigorating workout for your whole body. The Pilates workout is a thorough strength-conditioning session that boosts flexibility, endurance and posture. The Yoga workout incorporates legacy and new poses into one continuous routine that will leave you feeling exhausted and fulfilled at once.