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Brothers with the lyrical names
Waqar A Khan
Sat Aug 28, 2021 12:00 AM Last update on: Sat Aug 28, 2021 03:45 AM
I arrived in Islamabad as a schoolboy along with my family from Dhaka in January,1968. The new capital city of Pakistan was still in its nascent stage of development. To the north of Islamabad lay the small semi-autonomous principality of Swat ruled by a Wali. It was visited by Queen Elizabeth II, during her trip to Pakistan (she also came to former East Pakistan now Bangladesh) in 1961. She famously coined the enviable sobriquet of 'Switzerland of the East' for Swat, because of its pleasant weather, the enthralling beauty of its snow-capped mountains, vales and placid lakes. The Queen was enchanted by it all.
The following story is about two brothers from Swat, with the lyrical names of: Naush-e-Rawan and Bakth-e-Rawan. The year was 1970. Naushe was an office peon of my father at the 'planning commission' in Islamabad. For a Yousufzai Pashtun (Pathan) from Swat he was of a medium height, fair of complexion with light brownish hair and a slightly pock-marked face. He was in his mid-20s. His younger brother Bakth-e-Rawan lived up in the hills of Swat, in their remote village home. Bakth was a school drop-out having read up to class IV, in a school located at some distance from his village. At 16 years of age, he was now in need of a job. He had never ventured much out of his sleepy little village, where clouds caressed the mountain tops, rolling mist played in its bewitching vales and gurgling waterfalls cascaded over rocks which flowed downwards with a musical cadence. Bakth with Grecian features and fair complexion, was employed as a domestic hand in our house to run errands. However, as I showed Bakth around the house, kitchen and the backyard, it occurred to me that his seemingly sedate behavior perhaps masked a more youthful exuberance. There was that all-knowing half crescent smile and a twinkle in his hazel eyes, which at close proximity looked like those of a mischievous cat. Bakth slowly settled down to his daily chores and life went on as usual.
Meanwhile, about three months would elapse before there were visible signs of serious trouble with Bakth. He would often whistle and hum a song around the house for which he was reprimanded by our parents. He sulked for a couple of days and was heard to mutter, "hum toh kisi ka qaidi nahi hoon" (I am not anyone's prisoner). One day, the pious darwan, a middle-aged man, complained that his sleep was often disturbed because of Bakth's raucous singing. Once when he had scolded Bakth and threatened to box his ears, Bakth had surreptitiously put salt in his tea. The darwan also complained about his vanishing acts. He said that while we took our afternoon nap, a customary ritual in bygone days, Bakth would sneak out of the house and go to a nearby tea-stall and spend time with some unsavory characters. This alarmed my parents since these rickety 'Jhopris' (shacks) were known to sell 'charas/ganja' or cannabis. The darwan also reported that on a few occasion Bakth had sneaked out of the house by scaling the wall late at night to watch Punjabi/Urdu movies in the nearby town of Rawalpindi, with his newly found friends. Afterwards, he would slip back into the house at dawn. He had also been offending the puritan sensibilities of the darwan by repeatedly belting out a line of a love song from an Urdu film he had recently watched. It went somewhat like this: "aaja meri jaan, aaja meri piyare" (come hither my love, come to me my beloved). I have personally heard the darwan scream "Khamosh! Yea betamizee bundh karo" (Shut up! Stop this nonsense). Once I found Bakth sitting on a sofa in our drawing room watching TV. I was aghast and immediately told him to quit the room. He was hurt and left crestfallen. Again, he was heard to mutter, "mein to kisi ka qaidi nahin hoon." Meanwhile, he would often talk about his village life to me. It would change his somber facial countenance to one of joy. It was obvious that he was missing the carefree life of his 'gaon' (village) he was used to.
One day, Bakth failed to show up for work in the morning. The darwan was called in. He reported that Bakth was unwell. Our mother asked the darwan to take the morning breakfast to Bakth, and keep an eye on his welfare. However, Bakth did not eat anything the whole day except for some tea and an occasional drink of water. The darwan further reported that Bakth was running a fever. Father arranged for Bakth to be taken to the government polyclinic (doctor's clinic) at G-6/3 in Islamabad with the darwan. Bakth looked pale and gaunt. In the next two days his condition took a nosedive. He started to retch violently. Our mother was afraid that Bakth may die on us. And, on his sudden premature death, she envisioned his Pathan relatives descending upon us with vengeance from the heights of Swat with guns blazing! We laughed a lot about it.
Soon Naushe arrived and spent a better part of the afternoon trying to talk and feed his brother Bakth. However, he could not succeed much in discerning the cause of his ailment. He apologetically told father that it would be better if he took his brother back to Swat. Our mother was overjoyed. Frankly, I was a bit saddened to see Bakth go. There was something endearing about his rustic youthful vigor. However, when I went to his room I was in for a big surprise! The lad who could barely stir yesterday, was now briskly engaged in packing his few belongings into bundles. For possession he had a small transistor radio and a worn-out shoulder-bag for his clothes. He stood ramrod straight and eyeballed me with a grin. It was then that he opened up. He told me that one of the tea boys at the 'chai ke dokan' he befriended, had borrowed 50 rupees from him and absconded. I was appalled. Bakth hurled a flurry of the choicest invectives at the thief and at Punjabis in general. He detested people of the plains, he told me with a huff. It was homesickness coupled with the theft that got him so depressed. That is why he had fallen ill.
Suddenly, he became quite garrulous and broke into neurotic ramblings. Torrents of words flowed forth some of it unintelligible because it was in Pushto or Yousufzai dialect. However, it all sounded like a litany of grievances. He then turned to me in earnest and started pleading in Urdu. Translated into English it would be something like this: "Respected sir, will you go with me to my village home high up in the hills? Don't be afraid, I'll always be beside you. On our way up, I shall pluck sweet ripe apples from the orchard for you to eat. You will then drink cold water from the stream to your heart's content. Next, you will stretch yourself and inhale lungs full of fresh air and a transformation will come over you. You will start to feel that you are at last free!" And, as if to emphasize his points he dramatically enacted some of what he said. I was rendered speechless!
It suddenly occurred to me that we had unwittingly brought a carefree, happy-go-lucky 'creature' from the wilderness, nay, from the very lap of 'mother nature' and entrapped him in the alien environment of a city amidst mundane rules. He felt enslaved, as if in fetters. That explained the better part of his ailment. It was as much an affliction of the soul as it was of the heart and mind. "Farewell, Bakth-e-Rawan, wherever you are," I said to myself. "May you remain in life or death, forever free!"
Waqar A Khan is the Founder of Bangladesh Forum for Heritage Studies.
'আমরা ৫ শতাংশ বাড়াই, ইংল্যান্ড বিদ্যুতের দাম ১৫০ ভাগ বাড়িয়েছে'
বিদ্যুতের মূল্যবৃদ্ধি প্রসঙ্গে আওয়ামী লীগ সভাপতি ও প্রধানমন্ত্রী শেখ হাসিনা বলেছেন, আমরা তো ৬০০ কিলোওয়াট পর্যন্ত কোনো দামই ধরি না। কাজেই আমার যারা সাধারণ মানুষ তাদের কোনো সমস্যা হবে না।


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Iraq's city of Basra has faced months of protests against corruption and poor services.
Iraq's city of Basra has been facing protests against corruption and poor services for months.
Demonstrators now say they want to get more organised and unite with other groups. Now, they are embracing a movement that began in France.


Stefan Zweig's essays in Messages From a Lost World are a product of his displacement and a sharp reminder to citizens about the agony in the present age of the refugee.
In December 1930, Stefan Zweig began writing a biography of Marie Antoinette. He was living in Salzburg, Austria, having moved there from Vienna in 1919 after World War I. He was almost 50 and at the height of his literary fame, living comfortably on the Kapuzinerberg in a large yellow villa crowned with turrets and ringed by high walls. When he wasn't writing, he was traveling to Berlin or Paris, calling on the artistic celebrities of the day like a modern Boswell. When in Vienna, he went to the opera or lounged in cafés with Sigmund Freud and Arthur Schnitzler. It was a good life lived in the gloaming of interwar Europe.
history began making a spoiled darling of Marie Antoinette, who had the Kaiserhof as a home in childhood, wore a crown before she was out of her teens, had charm and grace and wealth in liberal measure…. But destiny, having raised her to the pinnacle of good fortune, dragged her down again with the utmost refinements of cruelty…. Unaccustomed to suffering, she resisted and sought to escape. But with the ruthlessness of an artist who will not desist from his travail until he has wrung the last possibilities from the stubborn clay he is fashioning, the deliberate hand of misfortune continued to mould, to knead, to chisel, and to hammer Marie Antoinette.
He was also rich. His father was a businessman who turned a weaving mill in northern Bohemia into a booming industrial success. His mother had strong banking connections in Italy, and Zweig inherited a large portion of the family pile in his late teens. His apartment in Vienna was an epicurean domain of rare books set against walls of burning scarlet, of gold leaf dusted into goblets of heady liquor; the rooms were stuffed with the relics of genius, such as one of Beethoven's desks, as well as cavernous, crimson leather armchairs. Whereas many of his Central European contemporaries sat down to write after spending a long day at the office (Kafka famously worked at an insurance firm), Zweig was able to devote himself to his writing full time.
His success as a writer came early. By 1901, while a philosophy student at the University of Vienna (he defended a doctoral thesis on Hippolyte Taine), Zweig became a frequent contributor to Theodor Herzl's Neue Freie Presse, the capital's most respected newspaper. Zweig recalled that his first commission felt "like Napoleon presenting a young sergeant with the cross of the Légion d'Honneur." He enjoyed Herzl's company and respected his singular commitment to the Zionist cause, but Zweig never subscribed to a doctrine that he thought repurposed the creeds of European nationalism.
Zweig was proof that Jews could thrive under the liberal autocracies of late 19th- and early 20th-century Europe. Between 1848 and 1916, there was, according to the historian Tony Judt, "an era of political constraint but cultural and economic liberation." Jews were excluded from the business of government, but they shared and shaped the high culture of their societies. Joseph Roth's Radetzky March was a mournful tribute to a dying monarchy that had allowed Jews to flourish. And while Zweig ignored the inner decay of the Habsburg Empire and was tone-deaf to the politics and prejudices of mass society, he too saw Vienna as the tolerant capital of Mitteleuropa's republic of letters, where universal affinity trumped national distinction. A separate Jewish homeland, with its future "cannons, flags, [and] medals," was not the answer to Europe's "Jewish Question"; the city of Freud was.
Jews were a fugitive people without a nation, "homeless in the highest sense of the word." But Zweig thought that the absence of rootedness and the eternal reality of the diaspora were central to the Jewish sense of identity. Doubtful that they could secure their "well-being" through a distinct homeland—one that would lock them into rivalries with other nations—Zweig privileged the "destiny" of Jewish cosmopolitanism. The argument bore a striking resemblance to many Enlightenment theories of Judaism, especially Rousseau's discussion of Moses and the Exodus in his Considerations on the Government of Poland (1772).
The universal character of Jewish existence reflected an overarching internationalism that took shape in Zweig during World War I. In 1914, he volunteered for military service and was sent to work in the War Archive in Vienna. In August of that year, he wrote that Germany must "strike with both fists, to the right and to the left, to extricate itself from the double pincer movement of its enemies. Every muscle of the nations's magnificent strength is stretched to the full, every nerve of its will quivers with courage and confidence." (His memoirs pass over this early support of the war.) He became a pacifist in 1914, after he realized not only how violent the war had become—he described it in Hobbesian terms as "the war of everyone against everyone"—but also how long it would keep him from his work.
Messages From a Lost World, a collection of Zweig's nonfiction work, starts at the point of his pacifist turn. The 10 essays cover the years 1914 to 1941, and they're linked by themes as relevant now as they were in Zweig's own day: the divisions between open and closed borders, between nationalism and internationalism, barbarism and civilization, tolerance and prejudice, ego and amity, intelligence and ignorance, war and peace. Together, they amount to a manifesto of fraternity in an age of catastrophe.
In "The Tower of Babel" (1916), Zweig uses the biblical legend to symbolize European brotherhood: Building a tower to the heavens, humankind proves that by working toward a common ambition, it possessed an "indefatigable" spirit stronger than God's own (since God chose to rest on the seventh day). Bound in linguistic harmony, human beings continued to build the tower of brotherhood toward the celestial realm, forcing God to impose different languages on them, turning linguistic harmony into discordant melody, division, mistrust, and war.
But Arendt was right when she accused him of lacking political conviction. Along with thousands of other intellectuals, artists, and writers, Zweig experienced the harmful and unsettling consequences of what Jules Romains called the "new fanaticisms." But there was no "Zweigian" take on communism or fascism, no sustained thoughts on the New Deal or on the decay of liberal power and the rise of mass politics. There was, instead, a kind of Olympian detachment from the political sources of discontent.
Few artists in Europe showed much insight into the bestial soul of Nazism. Brecht admitted that it was "precisely the vileness and fearsome character of this regime, and the mediocrity of its personnel, that prevented many of us from taking the measure of this evil in all its profundity and shattering significance." The response to Nazism from liberals, republicans, pacifists, the uncommitted, and even some communists was a fatal mixture of pessimism and retreat on the one hand, optimism and negligence on the other. The first led people to avoid politics altogether and withdraw into the cultural life of their city; the second tempted them to believe that the Weimar Republic could stomach a temporary poison like Hitler. Others, like Klaus Mann, simply laughed at this strange, Chaplin-like figure.
Zweig admitted that he was unable to remember when he first heard Hitler's name (though he did buy a 13-page manuscript of a speech by him in 1933). In the "confused Germany of that day," where putschists and parliamentarians rose and fell in daily succession, he gave no thought to one more name among many. And as a product of Bildung, he found it impossible to take seriously a man who had never attended university. How could this beer-hall agitator "aspire to the kind of position that had been held by Freiherr Von Stein, Bismarck and Prince Bülow"?
Zweig had little trouble producing a mass of best-selling translations, fiction, essays, plays, poems, and travelogues, but he was by no means a great stylist. Writer Leopold Andrian described reading Zweig "reluctantly, a spoonful a day, like a nasty-tasting medicine" in a letter to Hugo von Hofmannsthal, another contemporary author critical of Zweig. But even if Zweig never left us with a masterwork, he belongs to a tradition of exile literature that includes the prodigies of European humanism.
But the intellectuals and writers fleeing Nazism also recognized the relationship between personal catastrophe and artistic triumph. In a speech to the PEN Club in New York City in 1941, Zweig said, "Darkness must fall before we are aware of the majesty of the stars above our heads." As Edward Said observed, efforts to overcome "the crippling story of estrangement" have shaped modern Western culture. In this rich vein, Zweig's transnational visions in Messages are a product of his displacement, and a sharp reminder to citizens about the agony of being stateless in the present age of the refugee.
Some artists, like Bertolt Brecht, cherished formal papers ("The noblest part of man is his passport"). Zweig considered the endless residency permits, visas, registrations, declarations, and questionnaires as a graphic illustration of "the monstrous relapse the world suffered after the First World War." His reveries of international citizenship, a life of unfettered peregrination much like he imagined existed in Europe before 1914, became the nightmare of Kafka's Josef K., one determined by the arbitrary will of officialdom.
In his belief in a latent "supranational consciousness," and his conviction that nationalism was the source of Europe's spiritual decline, Zweig resembled—often knowingly—something like Nietzsche's "good European." As Stefan Elbe has shown in his Europe: A Nietzschean Perspective, Nietzsche was among the first thinkers to contemplate the demise of a universal idea of Europe within the secular configuration of modernity. After the "death of God," Nietzsche believed, the idea of a common Europe was threatened. Nihilism stood "at the door" of a continent now devoid of the values required for political communion. The "triumph of scientific atheism," he wrote in The Gay Science, while casting irreversible doubt on the redemptive virtues of Christianity, offered no alternative for an idea of Europe. Theistic decomposition, combined with this absence of an alternative ethos, would result in rival nationalisms. Nietzsche's notion of "good Europeans" was an attempt to revitalize the idea of Europe without returning to Christianity, or to its rationalized avatars in technocracy and modern science. It was not an identity to be assumed by citizens, but a way of describing a spirit that would reinvigorate a European polis.
Zweig wasn't responding to the clash of ideas posed by the "death of God," but in writing about the death of fraternity in the firestorm of two world wars, he did shadow Nietzsche—both in terms of his awareness of the deep trouble that Europe was in spiritually and, in particular, in his critique of nationalism as a response to that dilemma. Nietzsche called nationalism a "scurvy egoism" and believed that it merely represented a secular stand-in for God, "the metamorphosis of the cross," which served only to divide people into hostile camps. The problem of endowing Europe with a new spirit had to be confronted on a "supranational" level rather than entrusted to nations. The tragedy of Stefan Zweig was that he knew that actions alone could overcome Nazism, but words were the only thing he had.
a life caught between Pangloss and Jeremiah.
Zweig's message of fraternity is welcome right now. His dream of a united and more humane Europe has been realized to a degree in the exchanges of culture, goods, services, and people under the aegis of the European Union. But even this partially realized version is now under serious threat. At a time of monetary crisis and political disorder, of mounting border controls and barbed-wire fences, when refugees die on the EU's borders or are subjected to racism and persecution within them, Zweig's celebration of the brotherhood of peoples reminds us that there is another way.
Gavin JacobsonGavin Jacobson is a writer and a book critic. He has written for the Times Literary Supplement, The Guardian, and the Literary Review, among other publications.


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Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) — механізм, який використовується для підключення накопичувачів даних стандарту Serial ATA, що дозволяє користуватися розширеними функціями, такими, як вбудована черговість команд (NCQ) і гаряча заміна.

AHCI, по суті, є стандартизацією дешевих версій контролерів, що дозволяє обійтися без установки додаткових драйверів. AHCI також дозволяє використовувати твердотілі накопичувачі SSD; проте він був розроблений для механічних HDD і при роботі з SSD не дозволяє використовувати всі їхні переваги, на відміну від новішого покоління, NVMe.

Опис
Протокол AHCI з'явився в якості заміни застарілого ATA, який підтримує сумісність починаючи від оригінальної IBM PC/AT. Так, контролери ATA підтримують прямий доступ до пам'яті тільки як доповнення; інший недолік ATA — відсутність можливості гарячої заміни (при тому, що обладнання eSATA її підтримує) і черг команд: на одному каналі (в разі SATA кожен пристрій є один канал) може одночасно виконуватися тільки одна команда. Таким чином, залучення можливості ATA NCQ неможливо на класичному контролері ATA навіть за підтримки її диском.

До появи AHCI для розв'язання цієї проблеми використовувалися окремі плати/чіпи контролерів (вироблені фірмами Promise, HighPoint та іншими), часто встановлені в материнську плату поряд з класичним ATA, вбудованим в південний міст; часто ці контролери сприймалися операційною системою як контролери SCSI та підтримували всі багаті можливості протоколу SCSI.

AHCI, по суті, є стандартизацією дешевих версій контролерів [Уточнити] (і дозволяє обійтися без установки додаткових драйверів для них).

AHCI може одночасно обробляти 32 запити (NVMe — до 65536, а проте, накопичувачі, які використовують NVMe-контролер, споживають у 2-3 рази більше електроенергії, ніж аналогічні на базі AHCI).

Застосування
Підтримка AHCI існує не у всіх чіпах південних мостів, але навіть при її реалізації в чіпі виробник материнської плати може не реалізувати її в BIOS, і вона буде недоступна. Іноді проблема вирішується оновленням BIOS, існують неофіційні версії BIOS для багатьох материнських плат. У деяких випадках (Asus P5KC) підтримку AHCI неможливо увімкнути на південному мості, але можна включити на окремому чіпі, що працює на застарілому Parallel ATA роз'ємі всередині корпусу або через зовнішній eSATA-роз'єм (виходить, що внутрішні жорсткі диски не можуть використовувати AHCI, а підключений по eSATA зовнішній — можуть).

Багато контролерів SATA можуть вмикати простий режим AHCI або з підтримкою RAID. Intel рекомендує на своїх материнських платах вибирати режим з підтримкою RAID при включеному AHCI для більшої гнучкості.

Вбудована підтримка AHCI включена в Mac OS X, починаючи з версії 10.4.4 для Intel, Microsoft Windows Vista і наступних (існує також альтернативний драйвер UniATA зі вільною ліцензією, який реалізує підтримку AHCI для версій ОС Windows від Windows NT 3.51 до Windows 7), Linux, починаючи з ядра 2.6.19, NetBSD, OpenBSD з версії 4.1, FreeBSD з версії 8.0, Solaris 10 з версії 8/07. Для старіших операційних систем потрібен драйвер виробника.

Проблеми використання AHCI в Microsoft Windows
При перемиканні в режим AHCI на вже встановленій ОС Windows контролера SATA, що входить до складу південного моста, відбудеться задіяння несумісної логіки роботи контролера жорсткого диска — це дія еквівалентно установці в систему плати контролера ATA, відмінного від наявного, і фізичного перемикання завантажувального диска на цю плату.

У цьому випадку Windows при завантаженні не знайде завантажувальний диск і аварійно зупиниться з BSOD STOP 0x0000007B, INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE.Для розв'язання проблеми необхідно до перемикання встановити у Windows драйвер AHCI.

 Найпростіший спосіб — перед установкою операційної системи перемикнути в BIOS жорсткий диск з режиму роботи «AHCI» (стоїть зазвичай за умовчанням) на «IDE». При цьому не буде підтримки ATA NCQ в операційній системі і знизиться продуктивність.
 У Windows XP можна увімкнути AHCI вручну (вимагає копіювання msahci.sys і внесення його в реєстр у двох місцях — у список служб і в CriticalDeviceDatabase), або за допомогою засобів на зразок nLite драйвер AHCI можна заздалегідь вмонтувати в дистрибутив Windows, що дозволить їй зберегти працездатність при перемиканні завантажувального диска на контролер в режимі AHCI. При першому завантаженні на новому контролері диска операційна система визначить його як «нове обладнання» і запропонує встановити драйвер, необхідно погодитися і перезавантажити машину після цього. Крім того, такий же спосіб підходить для міграції завантажувального образу операційної системи на абсолютно новий контролер диска, в тому числі SCSI — Promise, HighPoint, Adaptec тощо. Операції необхідно зробити на образі, вже розгорнутому на новий майбутній завантажувальний диск, в редакторі реєстру, використовуючи функцію завантаження гілки реєстру (). Багато програм створення/відновлення образів здатні робити таке автоматично.
 У Windows 8 і Windows 10 після включення режиму AHCI в BIOS досить завантажитися в безпечному режимі, після чого Windows встановить необхідні драйвери. У разі, якщо при завантаженні ОС запустити безпечний режим не вдається, можна зробити це стандартною програмою bcdedit. Якщо bcdedit не вийшло запустити, можна також натиснути WIN + R, запустити MSConfig і вибрати на вкладці «завантаження» запуск в безпечному режимі з мінімальною конфігурацією.
 У Windows 7/Windows Vista перед включенням режиму AHCI в BIOS необхідно активувати драйвер AHCI (змінити значення в реєстрі або запустити безплатний засіб від Microsoft).
 У версіях OS Windows до Windows 7 (Windows XP і молодше) до перемикання встановити драйвер контролера AHCI, після чого перемкнути режим SATA в AHCI в BIOS.
 У деяких випадках можна встановити плату розширення з зовнішнім контролером SATA, що підтримує режим AHCI, або дозволити в BIOS додатковий чіп контролера, зазвичай працює на зовнішній eSATA роз'єм, після чого ОС встановить драйвер такого контролера, а при подальшому перемиканні завантажувального диска на такий же контролер збереже здатність до завантаження.
 Замінити стандартний драйвер контролера жорсткого диска на драйвер UniATA.

Апаратна підтримка
AHCI вбудований в чіпсети Intel починаючи з деяких версій ICH6 і в усі чіпсети для платформ Core i3/i5/i7. Для платформ Core AHCI був реалізований в наступних контролерах концентраторів :

 PCHM Intel RAID/AHCI Контролер-концентратор
 Intel PCH SATA RAID/AHCI Контролер-концентратор
 Intel ICH10R/DO SATA RAID/AHCI Контролер-концентратор
 Intel ICH10D SATA AHCI Контролер-концентратор
 Intel ICH9M -E SATA RAID/AHCI Контролер-концентратор
 Intel ICH9M AHCI Контролер-концентратор
 Intel 82801IR/IO Контролер-концентратор (ICH9R/DO) — RAID і AHCI
 Intel 82801HEM Контролер-концентратор вводу/виводу (ICH8M -E) — RAID і AHCI
 Intel 82801HBM Контролер-концентратор вводу/виводу (ICH8M) — тільки AHCI
 Intel 82801HR/HH/HO Контролер-концентратор вводу/виводу (ICH8R/DH/DO) — RAID і AHCI
 Intel 631xESB/632xESB Контролер-концентратор вводу/виводу — RAID і AHCI
 Intel 82801GHM Контролер-концентратор вводу/виводу (ICH7MDH) — тільки RAID
 Intel 82801GBM Контролер-концентратор вводу/виводу (ICH7M) — тільки AHCI
 Intel 82801GR/GH Контролер-концентратор вводу/виводу (ICH7R/DH) — RAID і AHCI
 Intel 82801FR Контролер-концентратор вводу/виводу (ICH6R) — RAID і AHCI
 Intel 82801FBM Контролер-концентратор вводу/виводу (ICH6M) — тільки AHCI

Примітки

Посилання

Комп'ютерні шини
Статті з твердженнями без джерел більше 14 днів

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I was walking through Greenwich Village yesterday (so gorgeous) and passed a high-level street basketball tournament that had high school, college, and pro players. It was a scene. As I left, I saw a player from a distance--and could have sworn it was Anigwe but I wasn't close enough to confirm. Anyone know if she is playing summer league and might have been in NYC this weekend?


text:
Ongoing Performing
by Tanya Munro | Dec 14, 2022
Greg Dean Stand Up Comedy Classes Calendar
Join Greg Dean and Gayla Johnson as they help you develop your talent in 2023 through these classes and ongoing groups!
Greg Dean is, simply put, a technician. Taking his class has truly transformed the way I perform. The way that he pulls material out of his students is a true testament to his devotion to the craft and art of Comedy. Kristina C. Waltham, MA
Recommend Greg's classes 100%! I'm currently enrolled in his 101 class and I couldn't be happier with what I'm learning and the environment Greg creates in the classroom. Teaching beginners is tough, but Greg does so in a manner that makes you feel at ease and eager to dive in and learn more. Sean T., Orinda, CA
Greg Dean's Stand-Up Comedy Classes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Miniaturization Makes Contactless Payment
By Evan Schuman | Posted 06-13-2005
7-Eleven's CIO: Contactless Payment Is Here
Contactless payments—whether they're made using a fob dangling from a keychain at a gas station, an RFID chip embedded in a cell phone or a new contactless credit/debit card—have now moved from the experimental to the real-world stage.
This is primarily thanks to a pair of crucial developments announced in June by Chase Manhattan of JPMorgan Chase & Co.—the world's largest issuer of credit cards—and 7-Eleven Inc., the world's largest convenience store chain, which brings in about $41 billion a year with some 27,100 stores worldwide.
Those two coordinated announcements are part of a trend with its goal being to simplify retail transactions by allowing customers to wave identifying devices over a reader and have the amounts deducted automatically from their accounts.
Chase Manhattan and 7-Eleven are far from the only companies to investigate contactless payment systems. But together, the two announcements add legitimacy and stability to the approach, which has been used most successfully in transponder-based toll-road payment systems like E-ZPass and single-company, keyfob token-based systems such as Exxon Mobil Corp.'s SpeedPass system.
Adding a large bank and a well-known retailer to those ranks could create the kind of impact for contactless payment systems that Wal-Mart Stores Inc. made a couple of years ago by decreeing that many of its suppliers use RFID (radio-frequency identification) tags to help track inventory.
Wal-Mart wasn't the first RFID adopter, but it was the largest and the most significant user of the technology, both because of its size and the number of companies it could draw into the RFID pool.
Chase also isn't the only financial-services company pressing for contactless payment. MasterCard International Inc., Visa International Service Association, and American Express Co.—as well as some smaller credit card issuers—are aggressively pursuing contactless card strategies.
Several traditional retail companies have experimented with approaches to contactless payment, but so far, few other than ExxonMobil have gone further than small trial installations.
At 7-Eleven, testing began three years ago with a two-store trial in Texas. "We saw lots of positive indications from that pilot," said 7-Eleven CIO Keith Morrow. Customers using the cards shopped at the stores more frequently than they had before, and spent more during each trip. "We've been very aggressively pursuing this for more than two years."
7-Eleven has been pushing RFID for everything from backroom operations to managing temperature control for milk. To read more about CIO Keith Morrow's views on the technology, click here.
The chain also conducted opinion surveys of the participants in those trials. "They just felt, 'I was more in control of the transaction. I came up and, when it was time to pay, instead of swiping, waiting, signing, getting a receipt, it was one step. I had the control. I beeped at the terminal and then I was on my own way, out the door, in the normal time I would still be trying to sign the pen-pad or get a receipt,'" Morrow said.
Initially, getting existing POS systems to accept contactless payments should be relatively painless, because it only requires that a small unit be added on to a card-swipe machine to allow it to read contactless devices.
But Morrow points out that if the devices are successful, the POS hardware sophistication would likely have to improve.
"I think it's going to impact POS if the consumer adoption drives different uses.
Especially if it drives more ways—like it has in Japan—of providing a loyalty and couponing, then I think that could drive the need for more robust transaction at the POS," Morrow said. "At the beginning phase, it has been a very easy hardware piece to integrate in, as a reader, to get into the game. But I think as we rely on the chip to do more things for the customer, it could drive some more requirements."
Click here to hear audio of Morrow detailing how the Japanese use contactless payment and why that might apply to the U.S. Audio 2 min., 38 sec.
But not everyone believes adoption will happen that quickly. Chase Manhattan officials, who are aggressively pushing contactless payment for their own objectives, say the rollout will be slow, with contactless cards only going out to existing cardholders as new cards are issued when the current ones expire. That could take many years before it's a dominant force in the market, Chase officials said.
A recent Jupiter Research survey also anticipated a slow ramp up, despite consumer desires. Nearly half of the U.S. online consumers "expressed interest in the speed and convenience benefits of proximity payments," said David Schatsky, a Jupiter research senior vice president.
"We have built a forecast model to estimate the adoption and usage of contactless--also called proximity--payments.
POS systems will have to gain power if retailers start using it for loyalty and more data-intensive uses, Morrow says. Audio 41 sec.
In the most likely of the scenarios modeled, JupiterResearch estimates that proximity payments will represent only 2.8 percent of all retail transactions in 2009. So we don't see floodgates about to open.
A lot depends on whether card issuers and payment networks get behind the technology and subsidize its adoption by replacing cards and (adapting) POS (readers) ahead of their normal replacement cycle and market the benefits to consumers as well," Schatsky said.
"It's possible that some customers, empowered to make purchases more quickly than with either card or traditional credit cards, may end up spending more, but it's hard to say for sure, and we suspect the effect on overall spending will be so slight that we did not account for such incremental spending in our forecast model."
The trials at 7-Eleven were promising, but what made the contactless move inevitable to Morrow, he said, was a trip last December to Tokyo, where he visited some of the chain's 11,000 stores in Japan. That is roughly twice the number of 7-Elevens that exist in the United States.
Neil McCarthy, CIO of another convenience-store chain, is also pushing RFID and related capabilities, but says he is most concerned about limiting upgrade nightmares. To read about the Wawa CIO's experience, click here.
Contactless payment in Japan was almost nonexistent one year earlier, but by December 2004, Morrow said, he saw it as a very popular and accepted form of payment everywhere from small retail operations to mass transit. "We sell convenience, we sell speed," he said.
Testers were impressed by the speed, control and convenience of contactless. Audio 48 sec.
Japan's culture is extremely time-compressed, he said, and they value even relatively small improvements in productivity. "They're a very concentrated population with a lot of mass transit, a lot of people on the move," Morrow said. "They love electronics. They love their cell phones. Very small living spaces with very small kitchens. Some parallels certainly exist in the U.S. urban areas."
Next Page: Miniaturization makes contactless payment viable.
Viable"> Another key factor that pushed Morrow to open the contactless floodgates, he said, is the recent miniaturization of RFID chips.
When 7-Eleven started contactless trials three years ago, "We put them on the back of an ID badge that was about the size of a credit card. The RFID chip and the antennae were more than half of the back of the card. It was kind of an unwieldy size for RFID chips and the readers were also pretty large and clunky," he said. "The size of the chip now is probably one-twentieth of the size when we did the pilot."
Changing form factor is just one of the challenges of implementing RFID, along with signal conflict and picky, inaccurate readers. To read about how some major retailers and manufacturers are trying to work around RFID's eccentricities, click here.
And the further adoption that 7-Eleven and Chase hope to spur will, in theory, push size reductions even more quickly. "There are already RFID chips that are a very few microns: the size of a pinhead" in research-and-development formats, dubbed "'RFID dust,'" Morrow said. "We hope to drive the adoption."
That miniaturization will mostly fuel the next stage, in which the payment devices move beyond credit cards into cell phones, fobs and various other small devices.
"In Tokyo, they have gone very rapidly from cards to cell phones. They have embedded the RFID chip and it interacts with the cell phones themselves," allowing the payment system to use the phones' screens and speaker systems, Morrow said.
"So you can see your purchases, see your retail receipts right on your cell phone. You can return and they can also do couponing through that," he said.
But Morrow added that he doesn't expect similar deployments to happen as quickly in the United States. "The United States is still a credit card market," Morrow said, adding that cell phone issuers and credit card issuers must work together to make the next transition. "We've got to get those two groups cooperating and working together, and we're not quite there yet."
Although it will be a difficult move in the United States, "a cell phone offers a lot more utility than a credit card," he said.
Beyond embedding an RFID chip inside a cell phone, there are other ways to allow cell phones to be used to make purchases, as some cutting-edge retailers have discovered. To read more, click here.
Security is another crucial concern for 7-Eleven and contactless payments. Just as in the early days of e-commerce more than a decade ago, consumers will need to get comfortable with this technology and not fear that the unknown necessarily translates into higher risk.
From the retailer's perspective, Morrow said, contactless security is equally strong as traditional magnetic stripe cards in some respects and stronger in others, depending on the nature of the security or fraud threat in question.
The fear that identity thieves will steal personal information by sitting in a supermarket or a 7-Eleven with a wireless laptop—akin to the very real security problems with many wireless corporate LANs and so-called "wardriving" parking-lot access thieves—is not an issue because of the extremely and deliberately short read-range of contactless cards.
Click here to hear Morrow discuss what he sees as the security problems contactless will have to overcome and why 1 min., 7 sec.
It will take time to educate consumers, he said. "Let's say there have been some issues—in the early days—about what if [the RFID tag] could be irradiated or read very remotely, let's say 'across the room' or 'as I drove by.' As people have become more educated about the technology, [they have come to realize that] it's all a product of that antenna and what distance is engineered into the product. Ours is less than two inches," Morrow said.
"So, yes, some people could be concerned that somebody could read that chip or pick up the signal, but it's such a close proximity that basically it's either a matter of tapping it against the reader or within an inch or so, so it would be very difficult to orchestrate something like that," he said.
Next Page: Addressing contactless security fears.
Addressing Contactless Security Fears
The cards themselves do not require the PIN needed for a typical debit card or ATM card and, for many 7-Eleven purchases, they will also not require a signature. Most banks are initially requiring signatures only for contactless purchases of more than $25.
Wider adoption of contactless payment is just one of the reasons the RFID market is expected to undergo major changes this year. To read about some of the other factors, click here.
With the lack of a PIN or signature needed for many smaller purchases, one consumer fear is that thieves will physically steal the cards and then run up bills.
The consumer defense is to alert the bank, which will then immediately void the card. Many thieves know this, so they will quickly use the card, figuring that it will be useless to them in an hour or two.
Major retailer Winn-Dixie has discovered some surprising benefits to bankruptcy. To read more, click here.
The greater industry concern today is that thieves steal magstripe cards, quickly duplicate them and then return them to the consumer. This can be done in the kitchen of a restaurant or even by a waiter or store clerk using a small concealed scanner. This sidesteps the earlier defense because the consumer doesn't know that the card has been "stolen," and could potentially remain unaware for weeks until the extra charges start appearing.
However, as the nature of contactless cards makes them much more difficult to copy than their magstripe parents, many in retail and banking see them as more secure.
Contactless cards are also seen as more secure because—in theory—they never leave the consumer's possession, providing much less opportunity for even a quick copying attempt. At restaurants, for example, servers could bring small contactless readers to the table and allow consumers to quickly scan their own cards. Retailers will presumably develop such procedures as contactless payment becomes more widespread.
Retail Center Editor Evan Schuman can be reached at Evan_Schuman@ziffdavis.com.
Check out eWEEK.com's for the latest news, views and analysis on technology's impact on retail.


MIPS Technologies announced the launch of its new Developer Community at developer.mips.com. The new site is specifically tailored to the needs of software developers working with the Android™ platform, Linux operating system and other applications for MIPS-Based™ hardware. All information and resources on the site are openly accessible.
Downloadable development tools including the MIPS Navigator™ Integrated Component Suite (ICS) integrated development environment with 30-day evaluation license and GCC compilers for MIPS.
Information about MIPS-Based development boards such as Malta development kits.


text:
Clinton District, Monongalia County.
Mrs. Louise Morris, Collector, Papers
Collection Number: A&M.1808
Scope and Contents Materials Collected by Mrs. Louise Morris, genealogist and authority on local history. The collection includes a notebook kept by J. H. Wherry, a student at Jefferson College, Pa., in 1859; a genealogy of the DeVaul, Haun, [F]ast families of Marion and Monongalia counties, 1817-1957; an essay on "Immigration" by George Whitham, 1896, favoring immigration restriction because of the increased number coming from " the Latin races of southeastern Europe;" land surveys from dead books, 1827-1933,...
Found in: West Virginia and Regional History Center / Mrs. Louise Morris, Collector, Papers
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text:
IPL 2020 final set to take place on May 24
Longer season will avoid double headers
Published: January 07, 2020 17:39 IANS
Members of Mumbai Indians celebrate after their win in the IPL final against Chennai Super Kings in 2019. Image Credit: AP
New Delhi: While the 2020 edition of the Indian Premier League (IPL) is set to get under way at the Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai on March 29, the final will be played on May 24. The 57-day window also means that host broadcasters Star are likely to have their way and there will be no double headers. The starting time is almost certain to be 7.30pm (6pm UAE).
Sources in the know of developments confirmed that the 2020 edition will be played over 57 days and the longer window means that double headers could now be a thing of the past.
"While the full schedule isn't ready yet, the final is set to be played on May 24 and with the tournament starting on March 29, you obviously get a longer window than say 45 days. So, there should be no issue in accommodating one game a day. In fact, it should be a walk in the park for those chalking out how matches will be played over 57 days," the source said.
Asked about the starting time, considering that Star is keen on an early start, the source said it was almost certain that games will start at 7.30pm and it isn't just about the broadcasters.
"You can go back and see how late the games finished last season. Even for those coming into the stadium, it was quite an issue going back home after the game. While it is being discussed, but looks like we may start at 7.30pm from this edition onwards," the source said.
McGregor defeats Cerrone inside the Octagon at UFC 246
Fujairah is now epicentre of Taekwondo in the region
Complicated job to coach Sindhu, Saina together: Gopi
Harden hits milestone as Rockets stroll past Wolves
No developer can impose rules on holiday homes in Dubai


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However, if you care at all, you're probably vitally concerned, and the internet is abuzz with discussion of the topic accordingly. To commemorate this, as we close out the program's eventful 50th anniversary year, we give you this list of Doctor Who's principal cast members and/or most important recurring guest actors, from 2005 to now, sorted by their PeekScores; measuring and comparing the degrees to which they're each prominent, influential, and/or making an impact in cyberspace.
And after marveling at this list, and perhaps exploring the PeekYou profiles to which it links, we recommend heading over to our other Doctor Who list, measuring and comparing the PeekScores of the twelve Doctors here.


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Russia offers North Korea power plant
Published 5 months ago - Staff Writer 1
Katie Samalis
Russia has offered North Korea a deal to create a nuclear power plant in exchange for the dismantling of North Korea's nuclear weapons. The totalitarian regime has been an increasing nuclear threat, especially to the United States.
The increase of North Korean missile testing led to summits with the United States in an attempt to denuclearize the dangerous regime. While the Trump administration insists that the summits have led to the totalitarian regime to commit to and start the process of denuclearization, North Korea has not made any significant steps in attempting to denuclearize. Russia offered the secret deal to North Korea last fall and would help the leaders set up the plant, and assist with any removal of nuclear waste to prevent North Korea from creating new nuclear weapons.
North Korea has been a totalitarian and socialist dictatorship since 1965. The regime holds deeply the governing philosophy of Juche. Juche promotes self-reliance and self-mastery and is predicated from being independent from the claims or destinies of other revolutions. It calls for separation from all other people, philosophies, and revolutions, claiming autonomy and freedom of North Korea without foreign aid.
Juche is also a mix of socialist theory, militarism, Confucianism and revelation. The ideology is a series of ideas that contradict and do not entirely mesh together, highlighting the problematic principles that the regime holds attempts to perpetuate.
Russia is offering to provide resources to the North Korea for a nuclear power plant not to construct nuclear missiles, but instead to power the country. The regime, because of its dedication to Juche philosophy and rejection of the western culture, has been unable to develop economically and most citizens are living in squalor. The country needs extensive improvements, first and foremost in its leadership. The Un family's reign of terror has decimated the entire country and foreign intervention is necessary to stop the human rights abuses within the country. Other regimes must be prudent when intervening and providing the regime of North Korea with resources that could do much good as well as harm such as a nuclear power plant.
Many are questioning the motive of Russia in providing North Korea with the nuclear power plant. Former White House staffer Victor Cha told the Washington Post, "The Russians are very opportunistic when it comes to North Korea, and this is not the first time they've pursued an energy stake in Korea. Previous administrations have not welcomed these Russian overtures, but with Trump, you never know because he doesn't adhere to traditional thinking."
While Russia may seem to have good intentions with wanting to help North Korea establish a nuclear power plant, one must remember Russia's horrible history of human right abuses. A neutral party should arbitrate the resources and implementation of this nuclear power plant to ensure that it is being used to for its intended purpose and not for the creation of weapons that could be used to harm American citizens.
Katie Samalis, a senior, studies Political Science. She is a Copy Editor for Le Provocateur.
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Who is Emilia Fart? The girl who's shifting YouTube
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Nicholas Sposato, Staff Writer As anyone who has visited the popular site would know, YouTube is home to a grand variety of content. Music videos, tutorials, vlogs and more have been uploaded for viewers around the world to access and enjoy. Similarly, there is a diverse array of content... More »
Civil Rights Activist advises Students to keep Fighting
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David Cifarelli Editor-In-Chief As a keynote speaker for the College of the Holy Cross' Unity Week, civil rights activist DeRay Mckesson gave a talk about racial injustices in the country's legal system. The talk was held at 8:00 p.m. in the Hogan Campus Center ballroom on Tu... More »
Looking back on how Dashboard Confessional changed my life
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Celia Smith Assistant Editor-in-Chief When I was in the fifth grade, I was introduced to my long-time favorite band: Dashboard Confessional. I have an sister, Madilyn, who is about four and a half years older than me, or five grades above me. So, when I was in fifth grade, she was in 10th.... More »
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Agape Latte speaker shares key to "Falling Up"
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Q: How to set the center of gravity to the center of the screen in SpriteKit Swift I am new in Swift Programming and I am using SpriteKit.
Is there anybody knows how to set the gravity of the world to the center of the screen which all my sprites will fall to the center of the screen?
Or is it possible to configure it? Any help? Thanks in advance.

A: You can use SKFieldNode for this purpose
Code example
// create grav field
let field = SKFieldNode.radialGravityField();
// center on X-axis
field.position.x = size.width/2;
// center on Y-axis
field.position.y = size.height/2;
// add to your world
addChild(field);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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World News Publishing Focus by WAN-IFRA
www.wan-ifra.org
World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers
World Press Trends: Newspapers stress brand strength online; audience revenue share grows further
World News Publishing Focus
Your Guide to the Changing Media Landscape
Audiences are contributing an increasing share of the total global newspaper revenue, according to the annual World Press Trends survey released today by WAN-IFRA.
Newspaper circulation revenue represents 53% of the overall industry revenue, underscoring the continuation of the trend identified last year: that audiences have become publishers' biggest source of revenue.
"We all talk of being consumer-centric. We all talk of having a constant eye on the future. Now is truly the time to do what we say," said WAN-IFRA CEO Vincent Peyrègne, who presented the survey at the 68th World News Media Congress, 23rd World Editors Forum and 26th World Advertising Forum in Cartagena, Colombia.
Mr. Peyrègne also announced the launch of the World News Media Outlook, a joint research project with the University of Oxford and University of Central Lancashire that aims to provide news executives with the cutting-edge intelligence to help benchmark their companies' performance and devise innovative strategies to ensure their businesses' future success. For the study, WAN-IFRA is calling for news media executives to participate through an online survey: www.bit.ly/wnmo2016.
"The Outlook will be a very useful step on the way to a new approach of measuring and assessing our wealth – our real value as a global power," Mr. Peyrègne said.
The World Press Trends survey includes data from more than 70 countries, accounting for more than 90 per cent of the global industry's value. The data is compiled through an enormous undertaking by dozens of national newspaper and news media associations and generous support from global data suppliers: Zenith Optimedia, IPSOS, PwC, ComScore, the Pew Research Center, and the ITU.
Global revenues
World Press Trends data showed that newspapers generated an estimated US$ 168 billion in circulation and advertising revenue in 2015. Ninety billion came from print and digital circulation, while 78 billion came from advertising, the survey said.
Together with magazines, newspapers are the third biggest among cultural and creative industries, and the two sectors are creating around 2.9 million jobs worldwide. Total global newspaper revenues fell 1.2 per cent in 2015 from a year earlier, and are down 4.3 per cent over the last five years. WAN-IFRA estimates of global industry revenue again include data on non-daily revenue, which is estimated at US$ 8 billion.
"Unfortunately, the way the industry measures value is still embedded in the old format-based methodology," said Mr. Peyrègne. "The information on how much is earned from other, often new sources of revenue is lacking, despite the fact that they are becoming an important part of the revenue mix. WPT data indicates that in most mature newspaper markets additional revenue brings between 7 and 20 per cent of overall revenue," said Mr. Peyrègne.
More than 2.7 billion of adults are reading newspapers in print globally. Digital newspaper readership is growing, and in some of the most developed economies readership on all digital platforms has surpassed the number of readers in print. World Press Trends analysis estimates that at least 40 per cent of global Internet users read newspapers online.
The challenge for the industry remains the combined measurement of reach and influence of newspaper content on all platforms with new metrics.
The survey, presented annually at the global summit meetings of the world's press, revealed:
Influence: Together with magazines, newspapers are the third biggest among cultural and creative industries, and the two sectors are creating around 2.9 million jobs worldwide.
Mobile growth represents a huge opportunity for newspapers and news brands. In the US, more than 80% of people engaged with newspaper digital content and more than 70% of Australians and Canadians read a newspaper via digital device. News brands reach 70% of UK's population across online, tablet and mobile. According to Newspaper Association of America more than a half of the US newspaper digital audience is composed of those who use only mobile devices (smartphones or tablets) for their newspaper digital content.
Print circulation increased +4.9 per cent globally in 2015 from a year earlier and shows a five-year growth of +21.6 per cent. This is largely the result of circulation growth in India, China and elsewhere in Asia, as expanding literacy, economies, and low copy prices boost newspaper consumption. The two countries combined accounted for an astonishing 62% of global average daily print unit circulation in 2015, up from 59% in 2014.
Circulation rose +7.8 per cent in Asia in 2015 from a year earlier; it fell -2.4 per cent in North America, -2.7 in Latin America and -2.6 in Middle East and Africa, -4.7 per cent in Europe and -5.4 per cent in Australia and Oceania. Over five years, newspaper print unit circulations rose +38.6 per cent in Asia, but it fell elsewhere: -1.2 per cent in the Middle East and Africa, -1.5 per cent in Latin America; it fell -10.9 per cent in North America; -23.8 per cent in Europe and -22.3 per cent in Australia and Oceania.
Paid digital circulation revenues continue to grow at double digit rates, and have increased 30 per cent in 2015 and 547 per cent over five years. With revenues over three billion, digital circulation revenues are now starting to make up for lost print circulation revenues in many markets. Amongst online news users – as opposed to the entire population – around one in five pay for online news in the countries studied.
Print still pays: Global newspaper market figures show that more than 92 per cent of all newspaper revenues still come from print. The seven biggest newspaper markets are still the United States, Japan, Germany, China, the United Kingdom, India and Brazil, commanding more than a half of global newspaper revenues and about 80% of global daily unit circulations.
Global advertising share: According to data from Zenith Optimedia, television continues to maintain the largest share of global advertising revenues, with just under 37%, followed by desktop and mobile internet with almost 30%, newspapers with 12.7%, magazines with 6.5%, outdoor and radio with around 7%, and cinema with 0.6%.
Digital advertising: While digital advertising still represents a small part of overall newspaper revenue, the industry was hoping to grow it as a significant source of revenue in the future. However its growth has declined to a CAGR of less than 10%. It increased by 7.3% in 2015 and 51 per cent over five years, according to PricewaterhouseCoopers Media & Entertainment Outlook.
Global print advertising: declined -7.5% in 2015 and declined -24% over five years. Since it began in the mid-1990s, Internet advertising (both desktop and mobile) has principally risen at the expense of print. Desktop and mobile Internet advertising grew 18.7% in 2015 and 102% over five years.
Regional print newspaper advertising: increased only in Latin America in 2015 at a modest rate of 0.3%, but fell in all other regions: -15.5% in Australia and Oceania, -9.7% in Asia and the Pacific, -7.2% in North America, and -6.2 per cent in Europe.
World Press Trends database
World Press Trends, the leading source of newspaper data and trends globally, has been published by WAN-IFRA since 1989. The data is compiled in an interactive database and in an annual report, both available to WAN-IFRA members without charge. For non-members, WAN-IFRA offers the database by individual access, on an annual subscription basis, and IP access that allows companies, universities or libraries to provide access to any number of users. Full details can be found at http://www.wan-ifra.org/wpt.
The World News Media Congress continues through Tuesday. Live updates are available on the conference blog at http://www.wan-ifra.org/congress_blog or via Twitter: live coverage @NewsConf, curated updates @NewspaperWorld and via the hashtags #wnc16 and #Editors16.
circulation and readership
World Advertising Forum
World Newspaper Congress
WAN-IFRA Editorial Staff
WAN-IFRA | Frankfurt/M., Germany
Phone: +49.69.240063-0
The news publishing industry is experiencing transformation at an ever-growing pace, with new policy issues arising as the landscape changes.
We will be examining policy discussions that will define the news publishing environment of the future, the key topics being internet governance, privacy and copyright. Click here to learn more about our work.
WAN-IFRA Media Policy team and experts.
World News Media Congress Blog
The 71st World News Media Congress, the 26th World Editors Forum and the 3rd Women in News Summit took place from 1 - 3 June 2019 in Glasgow, Scotland.
In this blog, WAN-IFRA provides previews, interviews, summaries of the presentations and other useful information about the Congress.
Participants were also very active on Twitter throughout the event under the hashtag #wnmc19.
advertising analysis audience engagement business models circulation and readership daily newspaper digital media freedom of speech innovation internet investigative journalism journalism mobile newspapers newspapers and democracy newsrooms online journalism paid online content paywalls press freedom safety of journalists social media World Editors Forum World Newspaper Congress World Publishing Expo


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Home Opinion Barcelona board divided over Mbappe and Neymar: Could Galacticos mindset hurt club?
Barcelona board divided over Mbappe and Neymar: Could Galacticos mindset hurt club?
Reports from over the weekend suggest that the board of Barcelona is now divided over their 2020 summer transfer business, with some preferring to go after former Barcelona man, Neymar, and some preferring to go after his Paris Saint-Germain teammate, Kylian Mbappe.
Mundo Depotivo has claimed that Barcelona's board is divided over Mbappe and Neymar, as the Mbappe faction see the 20-year-old superstar as one for the future, a better goal-scorer and also as a name that would not divide the fans of the club, even though talks during the summer transfer window revolved very much around Neymar.
Mbappe turned 20 this year, and Neymar turned 27. It is understandable where the sentiments stem from, as Mbappe is really one for the future and the present as well, but the move for Mbappe will be even more complicated seeing that Clasico rivals Real Madrid have long had their eye on the French youngster. Mbappe has also reportedly declared his intentions to join Madrid next season according to Spanish website Defensa Central, which even makes things more complicated.
The former Monaco man was an option for Barcelona in 2017, but the Barcelona board opted for Ousmane Dembele instead. Mbappe also nearly moved to the Spanish capital when he decided to leave the principality two years ago but instead ended up at PSG. The report by Defensa Central claims that Mbappe hopes to win the Champions League this season before joining Real Madrid.
In recent years, Barcelona has adopted a transfer policy similar to that which their Clasico rivals adopted in times past, splashing out the cash on players and inadvertently affecting the transfer market, as players linked to Barcelona suddenly get their transfer values increased significantly. However, most of those signings have been in the attacking department, which has posed a problem for the technical team of Barcelona.
Lionel Messi, Luis Suarez, Dembele, Philippe Coutinho, Antoine Griezmann and, possibly, Neymar or Mbappe looks to be their squad going into the 2020/2021 season. The problems that having such a line-up poses are enough to crash a team.
Firstly, there is the issue of wages – can Barcelona actually afford to have all those people in the books in the first place? Even with Barcelona's brilliant finance team who are almost always in the news signing one deal or the other, or launching one project or another, this kind of squad is unsustainable.
Secondly, these guys are all world-class, high-profile superstars who occupy similar positions on the field. Mbappe can play on the wings, as a supporting striker, and as the main striker. Neymar can play on either wing and as a supporting striker. The current issues which Barcelona manager, Ernesto Valverde, is faced with, is getting Griezmann, Dembele, and Suarez ample playing time in the team alongside Messi (although Suarez will likely be retaining his position at the head of Barcelona's attack). Bringing in either of Mbappe or Neymar – with Coutinho who will be returning from his season-long loan at Bayern Munich – into the team next season will be a nightmare, if not impossible, even.
Thirdly, figuring out which of these guys to offload and getting a good bid which will not make them run into huge losses when trying to finance the move for either Neymar or Mbappe would be hectic. They have no choice but to sell if any of the two PSG men are to wear Blaugrana colours next season. All of this could lead to issues with UEFA and FIFA as regards financial fair play rules.
Lastly, the obsession with the attack will do nothing but hurt the general balance of the team. Barcelona have spent a lot more buying attackers but have neglected the defence, and this has the potential to dull the sharpness of the available defenders – if they are not worn out due to too many games, they will slow down due to a lack of adequate and quality competition which will affect their game generally.
With all of those £100m+ players being the subject of discussion at transfer meetings, and the Barcelona board more than willing to squeeze out more of such amounts in the future, Barcelona are slowly but surely turning into their rival – the Galacticos, and this has the potential to hurt the team much more than we know.
Previous articleBarcelona have a need for another number 9 and Inter man may just be the solution
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The trailer for "It's Kind of a Funny Story," starring Zach Galifianakis, has arrived and we like what we see, though we have some concerns there might be a touch of melodrama and/or treacle in the mix.
Based on the 2006 novel of the same name by Ned Vizzini, "Funny Story" tells of a young man who becomes depressed, and checks himself into a psychiatric hospital to try and work some things out. The book was inspired by Vizzini's own battle with depression.
Keir Gilchrist ("The United States of Tara") stars as Craig, the young man at the center of the action, who encounters Bobby (Galifianakis), a fellow patient who takes him under his wing and shows him the ropes.
Rounding out the cast is every TV casting director's go-to mom, Lauren Graham; "Daily Show" correspondent Aasif Manvi; Emma Roberts, Zoe Kravitz, Jim Gaffigan and Viola Davis, who, despite being a talented actress, seems doomed to play an administrator of one sort or another in supporting roles.
What's got us really excited about this project is the presence of Anna Boden and Ryan Fleck as writer-directors. We've loved their two previous films, "Sugar" and "Half Nelson." We're trusting them to keep "Funny Story" on track and avoid the schmaltz that could easily swallow up a film like this.


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Homepage / Ideas / 48+ How To Become An Arms Dealer For The Us Government Information
48+ How To Become An Arms Dealer For The Us Government Information
How to become an arms dealer for the us government. On receipt fill it out sign it and send it to the ATF office by registered mail along with any required documentation. Go to wwwATFgov and locate the required form ATF Form 7. If you want to be a dealer you may use a Type 7 manufacturers license. This is not about sides. Being one of Americas great or maybe not thespians it should be required viewing for any child in a nation as psychotically well-armed as our own. Government doesnt just work with major companies. The opposite isnt true a Type 1 dealer may not manufacture firearms. To become a firearms dealer apply to the ATF for the appropriate license or licenses for example for selling guns or importing ammunition. To become a Class 3 dealer you must complete a background check and have all of your employees and company officers complete one too. 1 Download print and complete Forms 531012 and 553020 –. Military one must become a federal government contractor register as such and submit proposals in a very competitive market against others who are in it. That being said the art of gun running is.
The Department of Defense sets aside a substantial portion of its budget to contracting with small business. Secondly find a market overseas and look for DOD defense orders for Iraq Afghanistan or other US approved hotspots. 10 Common Traits Among Successful Small Business Government Contractors. Youre younger than 21 years old. How to become an arms dealer for the us government How To Become a Federal Firearms Licensee in 10 Easy Steps. Not much effort the first this thing is to get a license from the ATF to sell weapons ammo and destructive devices in the US. This license will allow you to become a firearms dealer. One of the takeaways from your book was that pretty much anyone with enough gall can be an arms dealer. Decide to become a Federal Firearms Licensee FFL. NFA firearms will be registered to the entity. How could regular people land. This is not political. Generally speaking federal contractors and businesses interested in providing goods and services to the government must.
I Am An American Arms Dealer Huffpost
How to become an arms dealer for the us government An official website of the United States government Heres how you know Official websites use gov A gov website.
How to become an arms dealer for the us government. This is about saving lives. Find available opportunities with the government relevant to their business. Complete and mail in an accurate application ATF Form 7 with the proper licensing fee to the address listed on the form.
Then apply to your state government. Once the end-user certificate is signed its back to the client whos providing the weapons to their destination nation usually a US. Follow this checklist to avoid problems when importing.
Before you can sell arms of any kind youll need to get a federal firearms license or FFL. Yet it wouldnt be hard to update the lists for torture equipment and even the Defence Manufacturers Association the arms trade body supports a register for arms dealers. But for certain goods being imported some agencies may require a license permit or other certification.
The art created is designed to permeate each sense and attract diverse minds to a conversation where one can learn about the realities of gun violence in America and engage in the process of peace. The export committee in the country where the arms are being purchased from will ask the dealer for the approval documentation already submitted to the State Department and for the end-user. To sell the guns we partner with artists from a wide variety of disciplines.
We recommend using an actual business entity a corporation or LLC for liability purposes but being. Research federal state and local firearms regulations and verify that you have complied with them within one month after your license is approved. To get a gun dealers license you must fill out and turn in an FFL application and Certificate of Compliance to the ATF.
Know that the United States Government wants to work with you. A gun dealers license formally known as a Federal Firearms License FFL is regulated on the federal level by the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives ATF. The client will then turn around and issue a contract and then wire funds Then you can start procuring the arms dealer said referring to the actual purchase and selection of weapons.
Every state varies but generally you will not qualify for a license if. Make necessary preparations for bidding on a GSA contract. As for becoming an arms dealer for the US.
First youll have to meet minimum requirements set by the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives ATF and your state. Department of States Bureau of Political-Military Affairs oversees most government-to-government arms transfers and commercial export licensing of US-origin defense equipment and technologies consistent with the Arms Export Control Act the Conventional Arms Transfer Policy the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 the International Traffic in Arms Regulations. Small businesses owned by women veterans and minorities are given further advantages in the bid selection process.
How to become an arms dealer for the us government Small businesses owned by women veterans and minorities are given further advantages in the bid selection process.
How to become an arms dealer for the us government. Department of States Bureau of Political-Military Affairs oversees most government-to-government arms transfers and commercial export licensing of US-origin defense equipment and technologies consistent with the Arms Export Control Act the Conventional Arms Transfer Policy the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 the International Traffic in Arms Regulations. First youll have to meet minimum requirements set by the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives ATF and your state. As for becoming an arms dealer for the US. Make necessary preparations for bidding on a GSA contract. Every state varies but generally you will not qualify for a license if. The client will then turn around and issue a contract and then wire funds Then you can start procuring the arms dealer said referring to the actual purchase and selection of weapons. A gun dealers license formally known as a Federal Firearms License FFL is regulated on the federal level by the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives ATF. Know that the United States Government wants to work with you. To get a gun dealers license you must fill out and turn in an FFL application and Certificate of Compliance to the ATF. Research federal state and local firearms regulations and verify that you have complied with them within one month after your license is approved. We recommend using an actual business entity a corporation or LLC for liability purposes but being.
To sell the guns we partner with artists from a wide variety of disciplines. The export committee in the country where the arms are being purchased from will ask the dealer for the approval documentation already submitted to the State Department and for the end-user. How to become an arms dealer for the us government The art created is designed to permeate each sense and attract diverse minds to a conversation where one can learn about the realities of gun violence in America and engage in the process of peace. But for certain goods being imported some agencies may require a license permit or other certification. Yet it wouldnt be hard to update the lists for torture equipment and even the Defence Manufacturers Association the arms trade body supports a register for arms dealers. Before you can sell arms of any kind youll need to get a federal firearms license or FFL. Follow this checklist to avoid problems when importing. Once the end-user certificate is signed its back to the client whos providing the weapons to their destination nation usually a US. Then apply to your state government. Complete and mail in an accurate application ATF Form 7 with the proper licensing fee to the address listed on the form. Find available opportunities with the government relevant to their business.
This is about saving lives. How to become an arms dealer for the us government .
How to become an arms dealer for the us government
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