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10 How Iconoclast spawned demoshows in Canada by Axel
How Iconoclast spawned demoshows in Canada
With the demo group Andromeda Software Development (ASD) being a Greek team, it may be hard to believe that their winning demo of Assembly 2005, "Iconoclast" had any direct influence on people in Canada who weren't familiar with the Demoscene yet. But that's exactly what happened. The key to the story is a woman named Ahoo Pirsoleimani, nicknamed Aasemoon. ZINE sat down with her to find out about how everything came to be.
Aasemoon was born in Iran on April 20th in 1983 and moved to Canada at the age of 18. Being interested in technology, she acquired degrees in programming and web-development, and is currently studying electrical engineering and robotics.
Ahoo Pirsoleimani
She got to know about the Demoscene rather late. The major reason is that she has mainly lived in parts of the world where there really are no Demoscene-related events or activities happening. It was sometime in June 2006 when she came across the word "Demoscene" for the first time, and quite by accident too. At that time she was learning the Greek language on her own, and she was looking for resources on the web to help her out with the pronunciations. While looking for Greek communities on the web, she came across the Greek Demoscene community that got her curiosity boiling. Following some links in the discussion threads she landed on the pouet.net page for ASD's Iconoclast. "Well, I guess you can imagine what happens if the first demo you ever see is Iconoclast," says Aasemoon with a smile. "That's how the whole story got started. I was so deeply awed and impressed by everything about that demo that I watched it about 10 times in a row and then I started digging for more demos and more demo groups, and learning about the Demoscene in general."
Digesting the experience
When she first came across the ASD demos, she wrote an article in her blog to share what she had found with anybody who could have been interested. The article received great response. Somehow aMUSiC and Amoivikos of ASD seemed to have come across it too, and that's how they got in touch with Aasemoon. "They told me all about the scene, what it's about and how it works," says Aasemoon. "Most of what I know about how a demo is born and developed, and about the Demoscene in general, comes from them. They've also helped me out with those Greek pronunciations."
"The ASD demos are some of the most
meaningful ones I have seen."
Her fascination with all things ASD is hard for her to pinpoint. "Most of the demos I have seen from ASD have put butterflies in my stomach and tears in my eyes," she elaborates. "They have created such amazing works of art for the eyes to see and the ears to hear. But I think what fascinates me most about their demos are the concepts. The ASD demos are some of the most meaningful ones I have seen."
Aasemoon was so fascinated by the Demoscene, in fact, that she started spreading the word in Canada what the scene was all about. As in other areas of the world, this happened by means of hosted demo-shows, where demos are displayed on a big screen. In 2006 when some of the image arts students in her university were having a bit of an open house, she had the chance to set up a small demo show in one of the university theatre rooms. "It wasn't such a long show, and at that point we only watched a few demos," she explains. "The feedback, however, was huge. It seemed that the audience enjoyed the show a lot. So, a few months later I gathered a group of people from several faculties and we arranged a full-featured demo show, including demos from a large number of groups and various styles and platforms. A huge number of people showed up, and it turned to be quite an event."
And that has been repeating every now and then. However, although the demo shows have some serious fans and usually boil up a lot of emotions in many of the viewers, they haven't quite produced the result Aasemoon was looking for. "I was mainly trying to find people who could be interested in producing rather than just watching, and that simply doesn't seem to happen!"
People gather up to watch demos or help with the hosting of the shows when they can and care to. The people who regularly show up are mainly the students of image arts, engineering and computer science from a few nearby universities. But, especially in the more crowded events, there are people from pretty much all over Ontario, and even other provinces. Aasemoon has been trying to make a bit more of a solid club out of it and she encourages people to think about making demos. "I have tried sharing code examples that I had, thanks to Amoivikos, and putting up contests for the artists to come up with something, but so far it's been somewhat hopeless I'm afraid."
"I was mainly trying to find people who
could be interested in producing rather
than just watching."
Nevertheless, the shows prove to provoke impressive reactions. "This is one of the most entertaining aspects of the demo shows," confirms Aasemoon. "A lot of people who come to the shows are seeing demos for the first time in their life, and some of their reactions are quite interesting. I have seen people suddenly standing up with their mouths open, crying, shouting and simply becoming speechless. There are people who show more interest in the technical aspects of the demos, and there are ones who like to forget about what's behind the scenes and just enjoy the art. There's often a ton of questions as to who made the demos, why, how, where, when, and then they ask how much work it involves." And that's usually where the questions end.
"They often wonder how the Demoscene came to be, and I've even had people asking how come the creators of the demos spend so much time and energy producing a demo and then release it for free!"
Probably that's what the Demoscene spirit is all about.


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Enterprise Software: Build vs. Buy Debate Begins Again
Two high-profile companies are turning to their in-house enterprise application development teams for their software needs.
As software as a service offerings have matured and proliferated, conventional wisdom has said that it's smarter for enterprises to purchase software from these experienced vendors rather than build it themselves. But two large companies have recently gone back to writing their own applications, signaling a possible shift in the debate. Facebook will be building its own sales software, and Delta Airlines appears to be working on its own operations and reservation system. And anecdotally, other companies are saying that it makes sense to build their own cloud computing infrastructure using open source components.
Some industry experts advise enterprises to examine the build vs. buy question on a case-by-case basis. With SaaS applications becoming more expensive and seeking to lock companies into long-term contracts, it may make sense for companies to go it alone.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Columbia Public Schools has settled on the name, colors and mascot for its third comprehensive high school under construction in northeast Columbia.
Now, administrators are hoping the decision of who attends the school won�t be a, well, battle.
Drawing lines to determine which students will make up the inaugural population at Muriel Battle High School will be one of the more complex, emotionally charged decisions that accompany opening a new school. But district officials are hopeful kids are more resilient to the change than, say, their die-hard Kewpie or Bruin parents.
Otherwise, district leaders say plans are starting to come together to make sure Battle High School is ready to educate when its doors open.
Columbia�s public school students currently attend four schools during their K-12 careers: a K-5 elementary school, a 6-7 middle school, an 8-9 junior high and a 10-12 high school.
When Battle High School opens, the three middle and three junior high schools will become six intermediate schools for grades six through eight, and all three traditional high schools will open to grades nine through 12. That�s a grade configuration common in most districts, including Columbia until the early 1990s, when the district added middle schools.
Having eighth- and ninth-graders in the same building has posed some problems. For one, eighth-graders take standardized state testing to determine whether a school meets No Child Left Behind standards. Ninth-graders don�t take those tests, making them tougher to administer in junior high buildings.
Ninth-graders are also starting to take courses for credit, also a tough message to get across for students not familiar with having classes count toward graduation. Being in a high school environment also will let them better participate in extracurricular activities.
�Before, we had parents shuttling kids back and forth for sports or advanced-level classes, but now the ninth-graders will understand that they are part of a high school and will be earning high school credit,� said Wanda Brown, assistant superintendent of secondary education.
There�s also research that says fewer building-to-building transitions for students means better academic performance.
The changes to intermediate and four-year high school all take effect in 2013 when Battle High School opens.
The key to a smooth transition for students heading to new schools, district officials say, will be to involve the community in every step. That includes letting students know what school they will be attending next spring, a year and a half in advance.
�If they know in advance where they�re going, we can really put our arms around this and start to build a sense of community,� Brown said.
She anticipates hosting fun events at the schools in advance, creating T-shirts to promote school spirit and building excitement around attending the new high school.
That kind of community-building is crucial and helps students more easily make the transition, said Clark Mershon, principal of Staley High School, which opened in the North Kansas City school district in 2008.
Although future Spartans will have to come up with their own unique traditions, they�ll be in a school named for someone with deep roots in Columbia Public Schools.
Muriel Battle was a leader in the school district, someone teachers and students looked to as a role model, her husband, Eliot Battle, said.
Muriel Battle died at age 73 in 2003. She worked for the school district for 40 years, retiring in 1996 after becoming the district�s first female associate superintendent.
The Battles moved here in 1956, when they both started work at Douglass, the district�s school for black students at the time. When integration came, the couple became two of Columbia�s first black teachers in integrated schools. They worked to help teachers and students transition to integration.
�The Battle family was really on the front line of trying to ease racial tensions and help students realize that prejudice is nothing but another form of ignorance,� McCaskill said.
Muriel Battle continued work on her own education and earned a degree in administration. She became assistant principal and then principal at West Junior High until the 1990s when she eventually became an associate superintendent. Eliot Battle said his wife put her heart and soul into every job she had.
�She didn�t do anything part time. She put herself into everything she did,� he said.
But Muriel Battle�s leadership and role in integration weren�t the only factors that make her a worthy namesake for the new high school; it�s also the relationship she had with students that inspired them to reach their full potential.
McCaskill was one of them. She was in Muriel Battle�s social studies class, which sparked her interest in government. �I liked social studies and government before her class, but after her class, I loved it,� McCaskill said.
Redrawing boundary lines for six intermediate schools and three comprehensive high schools will be a tough task that falls to a committee chaired by Don Ludwig. He�s a former school board member who also helped redraw elementary school boundaries when Alpha Hart Lewis opened last year.
The boundary changes will be among the most significant in the district�s history, affecting the entire secondary system, Belcher said.
The enrollment planning committee met earlier this month to start discussing the task. In March, the group will host a series of community forums to get feedback from parents on what factors need to be considered as boundaries are being shuffled.
Ludwig unveiled a timeline that puts two or three scenarios in front of the public in September before the committee works out a final plan to take to the board in December. The school board will likely vote on the issue in early 2012, allowing students to know then which school they�ll attend.
Today�s eighth-graders will be the first affected by the decision. They�ll attend ninth grade at their junior highs, then go to Hickman or Rock Bridge before some will have to transition to Battle High School their junior year.
Transportation routes, demographics and feeder schools � or the groups of elementary schools that each feed into specific secondary schools � all will be taken into consideration, Ludwig said last week.
Bus routes will have to be reworked, Deputy Superintendent Nick Boren said, but he said that could lead to better efficiency.
�It could mean reduced ride time, as buses won�t have to go as far as before,� he said.
Another possible money-saving option would be switching from a two-tiered bus system to a three-tiered system with staggered schedules at the three school levels. That could require some schools to open at different times.
The district won�t have a set transportation plan until the boundaries are determined.
The high school is being built through $18 million in bonds approved by Columbia voters in 2007 and another $57 million issued last year. Those funds will pay for the building costs as well as equipment and furniture.
Administrators insist they also have a plan to pay for Battle High School�s operations.
Other than hiring a principal � likely to be named in January 2012 � the district plans to redistribute teachers from Rock Bridge and Hickman to the new school, hiring perhaps a few new teachers but mostly using current staff.
To help with that effort, the district might also incorporate more online courses, which could be offered to all three high schools with a teacher on only one campus.
�We�d like to do that more and more. That�s really the future,� Brown said.
Belcher said taxpayers won�t be asked to increase the district�s levy to pay for Battle High School to open.
�If we do go for a levy increase, it won�t be for the new high school,� he said.
Even though the upcoming months will be filled with meetings, informational sessions and lots of planning for Battle High School to open, administrators say the third high school will be well worth the efforts. And all district high schoolers will reap the benefits, mainly by seeing smaller class sizes and less crowded hallways.
Right now, Hickman has 1,942 students and Rock Bridge has 1,841. Once Battle High School opens, all three will have about 1,800 students each, including ninth-graders.
�That�s a nice number,� Brown said.
Belcher estimated the reduction in student population will increase participation in extracurricular activities by 35 percent. Now, if students see sports or activities as being too competitive, they don�t try out, he said. With fewer students and less competition, more students will be able to participate, he said.
Intermediate schools will also see student populations decrease, each housing about 600 students. That should let the district do away with trailers at the secondary level.
As the 2013 opening date draws nearer, the community is starting to share the district�s excitement about the new high school, spokeswoman Michelle Baumstark said.
�I think there�s a huge chunk of the population that�s excited about the possibility of being part of the new school,� she said.
Those connected to the school�s namesake are getting excited, too. Eliot Battle said he has heard from former students, co-workers and others Muriel Battle touched when she worked for the school district. Those people, including McCaskill, plan to be there when the school is dedicated in two years.


MUTARE – Movement for Democratic Change leader Nelson Chamisa on Monday saw first hand the devastation caused by Cyclone Idai in Chimanimani, Manicaland Province, and vowed to rally international help for thousands of families affected by the floods.
The MDC leader shovelled off debris blocking a bridge; rode a scotch-cart across the Birchenough Bridge; attended a funeral in Nyanyadzi; posed for pictures with school children and heard from staff at a local hospital who said bodies left at the mortuary had gone bad due to lack of electricity, knocked off by the cyclone which had killed at least 98 people on Monday.
"We were surprised that after hearing of our trip the soldiers and police mounted a roadblock 12km from the point from which they claimed buses were sinking and refused us entry," party spokesman Jacob Mafume said.
"The people were actually happy that at least leadership from Harare was giving attention to their plight. President Chamisa promised villagers that he will help in terms of international attention to this very painful issue," Mafume said.
Chamisa told reporters during the tour: "This is not about politics but it's about our country. We must be able to look at this situation as a national challenge, which must be looked at from a national perspective.
"Together we will deal with this. This is a natural disaster, it's not man-made, so we need to have a collective and concerted effort to rebuild these communities," Chamisa said.
But even as he noted that the devastation had been caused by a natural phenomenon, the MDC leader was critical of the government's handling of the crisis.
"This is a wake-up call on us as authorities, as leadership that in future we must have disaster preparedness mechanisms and also we must have early warning signs, and systems within our communities so that we are able to better deal with such disasters," he said.
"I've not been quite satisfied with the response of the state," he added.


Hidden away in a former dairy factory in Matangi, a group of passionate film-makers, are working on Blink, a short film by writer-director Paige Larianova and producer Chris Williams. They are part of Hamilton's vibrant film community and many of the crew, including the producer and director are Wintec staff, alumni and students.
Last September four Wintec business students embarked on a learning experience of a lifetime in China. Chanatip Chatchawalit, Jack Hawker, Andy Murray and Hanjun Nakauchi are now back in New Zealand to finish their studies.
Maari Moke cut a striking figure at Wintec's marae graduation in March, standing proud in her korowai and surrounded by her whānau who had supported her education journey.
Wintec will be the first New Zealand education provider in the North Island to develop a graduate entry programme in nursing which responds to the growing need for culturally responsive care in the health sector.
The group exhibition No Holiday at Weasel Gallery pushes the boundaries of traditional painting. The three artists; Chelsea Pascoe, Nicholas Megchelse and Rachel Hope Peary are all past and present students of Wintec's School of Media Arts.
Midwifery is in the spotlight at the moment with a campaign demanding pay equity for midwives coinciding with International Midwives Day tomorrow (Saturday 5 May).
Orchestra Central, the umbrella organisation for orchestral music in Waikato and Bay of Plenty, have launched a dynamic new brand identity, developed by Wintec Media Arts students.
Wintec fashion and graphic design students studying textile design gained a new understanding of Māori design elements, motifs and weaving techniques at a workshop at Te Kōpū Mānia o Kirikiriroa, Wintec's marae.
This year Wintec's prestigious Dr Hare Puke Māori Leadership Scholarship has been awarded to not one, but two worthy recipients - Wintec staff members Maria Ranga and Allanah Ashwell.
Denmark may be half a world away but it has a number of similarities to New Zealand that make it appealing as a student exchange option.
Wintec Communication student Heather Williams has been selected by PRINZ to be their Wintec student ambassador for 2018.


Congestive heart failure is a common heart problem in dogs. According to The Dog Health Guide, one in 10 dogs is diagnosed with congestive heart failure each year. Coughing is one of the major signs of congestive heart failure; if you suspect your dog's cough is a sign of this condition, discuss it with your veterinarian so you can begin treatment right away.
Congestive heart failure causes weakened heart muscles and prevents the heart from maintaining a normal blood pressure or adequately pumping blood. Many things can cause it, including birth defects, heartworm disease, irregular heart rhythms and heart valve degeneration. Any dog can develop this condition, but it is most common in giant breed dogs and older, smaller dogs.
Coughing is one of the major symptoms of canine congestive heart failure. According to an article published on the Working Dogs website by veterinarian Celeste Clements, insufficient heart valves and the heart enlargement commonly caused by congestive heart failure often cause a productive cough. The dog might cough up watery or foamy fluid as a result. Exercise can make the cough worse and cause other breathing troubles. An enlarged heart can also compress the airways and result in a cough.
In addition to coughing and shortness of breath, a dog with congestive heart failure can display other signs of this condition. Symptoms include fatigue, fainting, weight loss and abdominal swelling. As the condition worsens, the dog might have trouble walking or standing up, become unable to exercise, pant excessively and become lethargic. Its gums often turn blue or gray, its heartbeat can become irregular and it may experience seizures.
Veterinarians can use X-rays and ultrasounds to detect whether the dog's heart is enlarged or has fluid around it. The vet can also give the dog a thorough examination, listen to its heart with a stethoscope and use an electrocardiogram to determine if the dog has congestive heart failure.
No cure exists for congestive heart failure, but many treatment options are available. The vet can administer diuretics to remove fluids from around the heart and in the lungs, and she can drain fluids using a small needle. A low-sodium diet can help prevent fluid retention. Medications can block the hormones that have a negative effect on the heart. Discuss these options with your veterinarian.
Working Dogs: Why Does My Dog Cough?


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New immigration detention center opens in Texas
In November 2014, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement announced that it would be closing its controversial immigrant detainee facility in Artesia, New Mexico. That center, which held hundreds of women and children prior to deportation, will be out of service by the end of this year. But those detainees will not be freed in light of Obama's immigration reform decision. Rather, many will be relocated to a new detention center in Dilley , Texas, which has just opened.
On Monday, Dec. 22, the South Texas Family Residential Center, officially opened its doors on the grounds of an old oil workers' camp in Dilley. It is being called the biggest detention center in the country, intended for families who are caught entering the country illegally and able to house as many as 2,400 immigrants at a time. The facility hosts dozens of cabins built to hold mostly women and children. There is also a school, medical facility and playground.
The center, which is managed by the Corrections Corporation of America, costs roughly $296 per detainee per day to run, which amounts to a whopping $260 million per year to taxpayers.
What are immigration reform supporters saying?
The aim of the center is to provide housing for the surge of families that come to America to flee extreme violence in Central American countries. However, immigration reform activists are voicing their opinions against such measures. For example, Advocates for Human Rights, made up of more than 120 organizations across the country, submitted an open letter to President Obama stating their opposition to the opening of this facility.
"The regional refugee crisis in Central America demands a humanitarian response by the United States, not a show of force," the letter stated. "These mothers have faced unimaginable suffering and danger and have come to the U.S. seeking protection, often with close relatives in the U.S. who are willing and able to provide for them. They are not evading law enforcement; they are seeking out Border Patrol officers."
These immigration reform supporters go on to commend the president for his executive decision to protect 5 million undocumented immigrants from deportation. However, the letter notes that the use of detention on immigrant families prior to deporting them from the country contradicts the notion of protecting families and instead places them directly back in harm's way.


"Hero's Welcome is about the prodigal son, Murray, coming back to his home town. He's one of my anti-heroes really, a squaddie who has got all the good qualities that I like; he trusts people and he's honest with people."
"I wanted to start it [Hero's Welcome] with an interview situation where it just sets it up, where the hero and his bride are being interviewed - she speaks no english at all and clings onto him affectionately through the interview; she's terrified of this place. I wrote a couple of mythical interviewers and I suddenly thought what am I doing? I was sitting watching Look North one night actually and I thought these guys are good. They could do it!"
"Alpha men [such as Brad] like to challenge each other; there's that desperation to top each other's funny stories, for example, where no-one laughs because they're primed for their own. I don't want to generalise about male rivalry, but the men don't come out of it well in this play, though the women at least show some strength and determination, but on the way you think, good God, I fear for her.'"


February 12, 2013 1:27 p.m.
Robert Epstein PHD -a senior research psychologist at the American Institute for Behavior Research and Technology in Vista, Calif., and author of a new study, "How Love Emerges in Arranged Marriages."
Elise Sax - San Diego author of a new Matchmaker series of romantic mysteries published by Random House. Also a regular contributor to the Huffington Post.


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Broadway Station: New complex welcoming first tenants
ALAN FROMAN THISWEEKNEWS.COM @ThisWeekAfroman
The first residents are moving into Broadway Station, the new apartment project in Grove City's Town Center.
By April 15 and 16, 10 units were occupied and tenants are expected to move into another 10 units by mid-May, said Joel Pizzuti, president of the Pizzuti Cos., the developer of Broadway Station.
One of the three buildings at the development is completed and the other two are expected to be ready for occupancy before the end of May, Pizzuti said.
Broadway Station will offer 120 units, a mix of one- and two-bedroom apartments, on a 3.25-acre site located behind Grove City Hall and on the former site of a lumber yard.
"There's so much happening in the Town Center. It was definitely a place we wanted to be," Pizzuti said. "And the location behind City Hall and just a short walk to the new library, which has been such a success, is ideal."
"Cities of all sizes want to create a sense of place for residents," Pizzuti said. "They want to create a walkable town center with places to congregate, places to meet and great local business and restaurants to support. Grove City isn't any different."
"There's a lot of exciting things on the horizon for the Grove City Town Center," he said. "We like to think we, along with the new library, are some of the first components of that activity."
The city's vision for the Town Center has always included a desire for more housing in the district, Mayor Richard "Ike" Stage said.
"If you bring in more people, that will encourage more business to open," he said. "And the more businesses, restaurants and activity you have, the more people will want to live in the Town Center."
Stage said he believes Broadway Station is a sign of development to come.
"With the success of this project, we believe there will be other developers who will want to do multifamily projects in our historic preservation area, which includes the Town Center," he said.
Broadway Station's amenities include a fitness center, yoga/barre room, club/billiards room and an outdoor community space with a grill, fire pit and full-size bocce ball court.
The one-bedroom units offer about 750 to 825 square feet of space with rent ranging from $969 to $1,059. Two-bedroom units range from 1,032 to 1,165 square feet and lease from $1,314 to $1,414.
Interior features include stainless-steel appliances, in-unit washers and dryers, granite counters and walk-in closets.
"We really don't have a target market," Pizzuti said. "This project has drawn attention from all types of people.
"Living in a town center offers a lifestyle that is appealing to a lot of people -- singles and married couples, retirees and workers," he said.
Visit broadwaystationgc.com for more information.
afroman@thisweeknews.com
@ThisWeekAfroman


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Kanazawa University Ranking and Address
Kanazawa University Information
Kanazawa University is one of Japan's national universities and is situated in the educational capital of the Hokuriku region. It has two major campuses, Takaramachi Tsuruma and Kakuma. The Kanazawa University ranking is number 16th in Japan, and 432 to 507 in the world. Similarly rated colleges in Japan include Chiba University, Nagasaki University, Okayama University, and Tokyo Medical and Dental University.
The Kakuma Campus houses the College of Human and Social Sciences which offers disciplines in Humanities, Law, Economics, Teacher Education, Regional Development Studies, and International Studies; the College of Science and Engineering with particular disciplines in Mathematics and Physics, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Environmental Design; and the College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences which offers Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
The Takaramachi Tsuruma Campus accommodates the Medicine and Health Sciences, and also the College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences.
A further campus affiliated with the university is the Heiwamachi Campus which homes the experimental schools, the College of Human and Social Sciences, and the Kanazawa University High School.
The founding of the university dates back to 1862 upon the institution of Hikoso Vaccination Center by the Kaga Domain. Several schools were subsequently incorporated namely, the Ishikawa Normal School, Kanazawa Technical College, Kanazawa Higher Normal School, Kanazawa Medical School, Fourth Higher School, and the Ishikawa Youth Normal School to institute the Kanazawa University in May, 1949.
Over a period of time, the university had earned the reputation of being a leading institution situated in the Sea of Japan region. Kanazawa University has consistently played a major part in the promotion of higher education in the country and the advancement of research worldwide through its comprehensive programs in the undergraduate and graduate categories.
The university has 8 faculties which offer undergraduate programs, namely the Faculty of Letters; Faculty of Education; Faculty of Law; Faculty of Economics; Faculty of Science; Faculty of Engineering; Faculty of Medicine; and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences.
It has three colleges and 16 schools for the undergraduate curriculum, listed as, the College of Human and Social Sciences which composed the Schools of Humanities, Law, Economics, Teacher Education, Regional Development Studies, and International Studies; the College of Science and Engineering which is made up of the Schools of Mathematics and Physics; Chemistry; Mechanical Engineering; Electrical and Computer Engineering; Environmental Design; Natural System; Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences; Medicine; Pharmacy; Pharmaceutical Sciences; and Health Sciences.
The Graduate Schools of the university include the Schools of Education; Human and Socio-Environment Studies; Law; Natural Science and Technology; and Medical Science.
The Kanazawa University ranking is number 39 in Asia in the University Review List. Similarly ranked colleges include Waseda University, Hiroshima University, National Yang Ming University, and Kyungpook National University.
Kanazawa University
Kanazawa University Address
The university is located at Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192 Japan.
Kanazawa University Logo
Kanazawa University Rankings and Quick Facts
In Japanese the University is known as Kanazawa daigaku (金沢大学).
Kanazawa University ranking
University world Ranking – Times 200 (UK)
University world Ranking – Jiaotong 500 (China)
University world Ranking – Newsweek 100 (USA)
Asia Rank (Jiaotong) ranking of
Kanazawa University Facts
Students (Undergraduates / PG/ Total)
Number of foreign students
Kanazawa University; Photograph by kolshica; Asia College List.


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Gov. Beshear Contact Tracing Key to Safe Reopening of Economy
May 19, 2020 by ACCV Editor
Team Kentucky needs you – answer the call
Visit the Governor's Facebook page to watch today's news conference
FRANKFORT, Ky. (May 18, 2020) – Gov. Andy Beshear on Monday said Kentuckians will continue to defeat the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), get back to work and safely reopen the economy by being tested and participating in contact tracing.
The Governor called on Kentuckians to support contact tracing: "Team Kentucky needs you – answer the call if a public health worker contacts you. Contact tracing is key to protecting the health of our communities as we begin to reopen our economy. We are relying on more testing combined with increased contact tracing and for everyone to help stop the spread of COVID-19."
The Governor also announced the appointment of Mark Carter as executive adviser leading the contact tracing efforts in the Office of the Secretary of the Cabinet for Health and Family Services (CHFS).
"We are excited to have Mark leverage his vast Kentucky health care experience to lead COVID-19 contact tracing. His leadership, along with the team at the Department for Public Health and Kentuckians' support, will help protect the health and safety of more Kentucky families," he added.
"Thank you, Governor," said Carter. "I do sincerely appreciate the opportunity to serve the commonwealth in this capacity. I have long been an admirer of our state Department for Public Health and the local health departments and the work they do every day that is completely unsung.
"We must reopen the economy, but we have to protect our children, our families and friends from another outbreak of COVID-19, and we do that through contact tracing," he added.
Carter will work closely with Department for Public Health Commissioner Dr. Steven Stack and public health staff. Carter is a certified public accountant and has 40 years of experience in the health care industry.
CHFS Secretary Eric Friedlander noted that Carter's health care strategy and leadership is critical as we continue to reopen Kentucky for business.
Contact tracing, which is funded through the CARES Act, is expanding to meet both the White House and Governor's benchmarks for safely reopening the economy. Each state and territory is using contact tracing as a tool to fight the spread of COVID-19.
Carter said the expanded seven-month contact tracing program combines public participation and the power of technology to help public health officials and health care providers contain the spread of COVID-19. Carter said information provided is kept completely private and confidential. Information regarding the individuals who have COVID-19 and people they have made in-person contact with recently is not released or made public. To view a video explaining contact tracing click here.
"Contact tracing is not new, it was used to help eradicate smallpox and is commonly used today to contain tuberculosis and other infections. It makes sense to use the same tools and technology to contain COVID-19," Carter said. "Kentucky residents will be contacted if they have been exposed to an individual testing positive for COVID-19, to give instructions on how to self-quarantine and help reduce the spread to other individuals."
The Department for Public Health is working with Deloitte Consulting to launch the statewide effort to gather information about contacts from newly diagnosed patients. Health officials will notify those people of their potential exposure and advise them of precautions they can take to protect their health and the health of those around them.
"This effort will help to best document COVID-positive Kentuckians and quickly track those who may have been in close contact with them so they can take the appropriate steps to prevent any further spread of the virus," Gov. Beshear said.
Public communications, including posters, videos, PSAs and social media campaigns, will help Kentuckians understand contact tracing and what to do if a public health worker contacts them.
Carter pointed out Kentuckians' role in contact tracing, which includes knowing that:
Public health workers may reach out to those who have contracted COVID-19 to assess their situation and track any recent in-person contacts.
Contacts will be notified that they may have been exposed to COVID-19, are provided instructions and connected to local resources.
By following instructions provided, contacts help stop the spread of COVID-19 and save the lives of Kentuckians.
Helping to communicate the importance of contact tracing, you are supporting bringing people back to work and reopening Kentucky's economy.
Dr. Stack said: "We are going to hire about 700 people and we will have to deploy these folks very effectively to help contain the infection. Contact tracing is the way we get back to as much as possible what normal used to be like. Contact tracing is the way we act very quickly to localize infection to keep it from spreading and enable us to get back to interacting with each other as much as we can."
The Governor reiterated that every step would be taken to protect Kentuckians' privacy.
On May 1, a request for proposal (RFP) was posted for prospective vendors to fulfill staffing for three job classifications, disease investigators, contact tracers and social support connectors. Currently $112 million in CARES Act funding for additional contact tracing staffing is effective through Dec. 31, 2020. A final list of all approved vendors will be posted to KYCOVID19.ky.gov.
As of 5 p.m. May 18, Gov. Beshear said there were at least 7,935 coronavirus cases in Kentucky, 138 of which were newly confirmed Monday and 122 confirmed Sunday.
"Remember we are not just our brother and sisters' keeper that we know. We are our brother and sisters' keeper for everybody across the state and this country knowing that asymptotic spread happens," said Gov. Beshear. "We never really know exactly who the virus could possibly reach, but you can do all the steps to make sure you're not spreading it to other people."
Unfortunately, Gov. Beshear also reported three new deaths Sunday and nine Monday, raising the total to 346 Kentuckians lost to the virus.
The deaths reported Sunday include three men, ages 68, 78 and 79, from Jefferson County. The deaths reported Monday include two men, ages 50 and 96, and seven women, ages 69, 76, 77, 79, 83, 89 and 102 all from Jefferson County.
"Let's continue to shine those green lights," the Governor said. "Let's continue to be a really good neighbor and help each other out."
At least 2,785 Kentuckians have recovered from the virus. For additional information, including up-to-date lists of positive cases and deaths, as well as breakdowns of coronavirus infections by county, race and ethnicity, click here for Monday and Sunday.
Child illness update
The Governor said two more children were ill with Pediatric Multisymptom Inflammatory Syndrome (PMIS), a syndrome that is causing serious health problems for some young people.
PMIS is a rare illness being seen in some children who have been infected with COVID-19. About a month after a coronavirus infection, children and teenagers with PMIS develop fever accompanied by abdominal pain and, often, swollen hands, feet and lymph nodes.
The Governor said a 5-year-old was in the hospital but is now home, and an 11-year-old is currently hospitalized. Dr. Stack previously reported that two Kentuckians, a 10-year-old and a 16-year-old, were treated. The 10-year-old remains hospitalized but is improving.
Dr. Stack said the department issued a PMIS advisory last week, which provides guidance, key points about the syndrome, possible symptoms and reporting directions. Dr. Stack said the Kentucky Pediatric COVID-19 Hotline (800-722-5725) staffed by Norton Children's Hospital is prepared to answer questions from both parents and clinicians about PMIS.
Testing expansion
Gov. Beshear said in partnership with Kroger, new testing locations would open in Richmond, Mayfield, Louisville and Hartford this week. Information on how to register at more than 70 sites throughout the commonwealth can be found at kycovid19.ky.gov.
Long-term care testing
Dr. Stack said testing would occur at 23 long-term care facilities this week. "All major providers are on board," said Dr. Stack. "Norton will be doing onsite testing at two facilities this week, and over the next two days 1,901 staff and 1,637 residents for a total of 3,538 tests will be completed."
Healthy at Work
The Healthy at Work website now includes guidance for barbershops, cosmetology, hair salons, tanning salons and tattoo parlors. Gov. Beshear said the state would also be expanding June 1 reopening guidance to include aquatic centers (which does not include public pools), fishing tournaments and auto/dirt track racing.
Read about other key updates, actions and information from Gov. Beshear and his administration at governor.ky.gov, kycovid19.ky.gov and the Governor's official social media accounts Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.
Kentuckians can also access translated COVID-19 information and daily summaries of the Governor's news conference at tinyurl.com/kygovespanol (Spanish) and tinyurl.com/kygovtranslations (more than 20 additional languages).


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1st TSC volunteers recognized by commanding general
By Barbara Gersna, 1st Theater Sustainment Command Public AffairsMay 31, 2022
1 / 2 Show Caption + Hide Caption – Maj. Gen. Michel M. Russell Sr., commanding general, 1st Theater Sustainment Command stands next to volunteers and awardees, Michelle Kibitlewski, Nancy Walton, Lindsay Ward, and Command Sgt. Maj. Albert E. Richardson Jr., senior enlisted advisor, 1st TSC, after Russell presented them with U.S. Army Central Command Certificates of Appreciation in a joint ceremony, May 19, 2022 at Fort Knox, Kentucky. The three ladies were recognized for the immense amount of volunteer work they do with, and on behalf of the 1st TSC. (Photo Credit: Barbara Gersna) VIEW ORIGINAL
2 / 2 Show Caption + Hide Caption – Maj. Gen Michel M. Russell Sr., commanding general, 1st Theater Sustainment Command, recognized 27 volunteers May 19, 2022 at Fort Knox, Kentucky. (Photo Credit: Master Sgt. Daniel Shapiro) VIEW ORIGINAL
FORT KNOX, Ky. – Soldiers, civilians and military family member volunteers of the 1st Theater Sustainment Command were recognized May 19, in a ceremony presided over by Maj. Gen. Michel M. Russell Sr., commanding general, 1st TSC.
Twenty seven volunteers received awards for their 19,166 cumulative hours of volunteer service with our Soldier and Family Readiness Group, at unit functions, in our directorates, and with our eight local community partners. It is estimated that the volunteers have saved the government more than $575,000.
The commanding general began by telling the Soldiers present that they too are volunteers, because they chose to serve in our all-volunteer Army.
Russell and 1st TSC Command Sgt. Maj. Albert E. Richardson Jr. thanked all of the awardees and he personally presented each with their award. "Thank you for giving your time," he said.
"Time is the most valuable thing that volunteers give and we all benefit from it," Russell added.
The volunteers helped pack food for those in need, assisted at deployment and redeployment ceremonies, made more than 400 calls to the families of our deployed First Team members each quarter, picked up trash, participated in Wreaths Across America, and cooked for others. They volunteered with hospice care, Girl and Boy Scouts of America, and in schools.
Volunteer and former police officer, Rashad Phinisee, has been helping with the 1st TSC's SFRG. He has volunteered his time as a key caller, supporting families in the unit by checking with them on a regular basis and disseminating information.
"I enjoy the camaraderie of volunteering," Phinisee said.
Spc. Tiffany Jenkins, visual information equipment operator, 1st TSC, said she was shocked that her husband Rashad initiated volunteering on his own.
"He even gets me involved when he sees that I have free time," Jenkins said.
She was volunteering during the recognition ceremony, staffing the refreshment table handing out water and cookies to those in attendance.
Various levels of volunteer awards were presented. The first group received the Military Outstanding Volunteer Service Medal. Soldiers, civilians, and family members received this award for volunteering an average of three years or 250 hours.
Those who earned the MOVSM include:
Col. Douglas Swift (He was unable to attend as he is currently deployed)
Lt. Col. Shanna Hendrix
Master Sgt. Diana Layne
Sgt. 1st Class Joni Acevedo
Sgt. 1st Class Ruta Alexander (She was unable to attend as she is currently deployed)
Sgt. 1st Class Ralph Boyd
Sgt. 1st Angela Curry
Sgt. 1st Chantel Glover
Sgt. 1st Trevor Ward
Staff Sgt. Levi Gadson
Staff Sgt. Calan Johnson
Spc. Nicole Mota
The President's Volunteer Service Award is a civil award bestowed by the President of the United States to honor those volunteers who dedicate more than 500 hours for the Gold level and more than 4,000 hours for the lifetime achievement award.
Sgt. 1st Class Carol Newland was presented the lifetime achievement level award for completing 4,230 hours of volunteer service. She was presented the award in an earlier ceremony, prior to deploying downrange.
Both 1st Sgt. Alikeisha Waters and Michelle Kibitlewski were presented their gold level awards.
The Army Commanders Award for Public Service Medal is awarded to 1st TSC family members for distinguished service or achievements that greatly contributed to the accomplishment of the 1st TSC mission.
These were presented to Camille Davis, Rashad Phinisee, Nancy Walton, and Lindsay Ward.
The Patriotic Public Service Lapel Pin is awarded with a certificate of appreciation, in recognition of patriotic service performed by civilians.
Those recognized with the PPSLP include:
Jennifer Clark
Mikaila Bell
Janelle Davis
James Hendrix
Leah Kibitlewski
Brittany McGee
Elizabeth Nuckols
Sara Walton
The 1st TSC also took the opportunity to recognize some of our community partners. Certificates of Appreciation were presented to representatives from the following organizations:
Active Heroes
American Legion Riders Post 113 in Elizabethtown
Army Knox Community Services
Fort Knox American Red Cross
United Service Organizations of Metro Louisville
Veterans of Foreign Wars Post 10281 in Vine Grove
You Cannot Be What You Cannot See
Mark Denny, Military and Family Life Counselor
Earlier in the day, several volunteers were recognized by Russell during the U.S. Army Central Command's volunteer award ceremony hosted by Lt. Gen. Ronald Clark, commanding general, USARCENT, via video conference from Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina.
Those recognized with Appreciation Awards were Michelle Kibitlewski, Nancy Walton, and Lindsay Ward who were presented their awards for all of USARCENT to see.
Maj. Tyler Weightman and Capt. Michael Krant of the 1st TSC also earned Appreciation Awards, but could not be present.
All volunteers were recognized for their contributions to the 1st TSC, the Fort Knox community, and the nation.
Russell asked everyone to think of a time when a volunteer helped them and reminisced about a volunteer that made a lasting impression on him.
"My family was stuck in BWI, when 'a little old lady in tennis shoes' kept the USO open and waited with my wife and children until they could make their connection," Russell said.
"To this day, I wish I could find her," he said. "I'd give her a hug and personally thank her for giving the most valuable thing that volunteers give, and that was her time."
December 5, 2022Congress Confirms the Army's first Lead Special Trial Counsel
November 9, 2022Army announces upcoming 2nd ABCT, 1st Cavalry Division, unit rotation
October 10, 2022Army announces winners of prestigious 2022 competition awards
September 22, 2022Fort Bragg set to host first-ever US Army Best Squad Competition
September 2, 2022Army announces upcoming 2nd ABCT, 1st Infantry Division, unit rotation
June 17, 2022Juneteenth 2022: The Historical Impact of the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Regiment
May 13, 2022Army announces upcoming 1st Armored Division Combat Aviation Brigade, unit deployment
May 11, 2022Army's first Advocacy Center opens on Fort Belvoir
April 22, 2022Army Advocacy Center opening on Fort Belvoir
April 21, 2022Army Officials Brief The Media On The Next Generation Squad Weapon
April 12, 2022U.S. Army STAND-TO! | Army Organic Industrial Base Modernization Implementation Plan
April 8, 2022Fusion Directorates open their doors in time for Sexual Assault Awareness and Prevention Month
March 30, 2022Transcript: Army Officials Brief FY23 DOD Budget Request
April 23, 2020Army announces upcoming 2nd BCT, 1st Armored Division, unit rotation
ARCENT Volunteer Service Award Ceremony
1st TSC Volunteers


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Calif. Senate GOPers booted from Capitol over coronavirus outbreak
Sen. Brian Jones' (R–Santee) diagnosis forced all Republicans but Sen. Jim Nielsen (R–Tehama) to cast votes remotely Thursday.
All but one Republican member of California's State Senate were barred from entering the state Capitol on Thursday following the discovery that a colleague, State Sen. Brian Jones (R–Santee) tested positive for coronavirus on Wednesday.
The move forced all but Sen. Jim Nielsen (R–Tehama) to cast votes remotely.
Nielsen, speaking to the Associated Press, called on Senate President Pro Tempore Toni Atkins (D–San Diego) to cancel legislative sessions until the GOP's remaining members could be tested.
"What's more important? The health or a handful of bills at the end of session," Nielsen said.
In a statement issued Thursday, Sen. Andreas Borgeas (R–Fresno) echoed Nielsen's sentiments, noting that Jones – who attended a caucus lunch on Wednesday – was also on the floor of the Senate with Democrats.
"I took a test on Tuesday morning and received the negative result yesterday," he said. "I would encourage all Senators who have not yet been tested to get one because an incomplete picture of potential exposure remains. Both Democrats and Republicans have potentially been exposed to the virus.
The Legislature has suffered two coronavirus-related delays: in mid-March, upon the initial outbreak of the disease in California, and later in July when seven Capitol personnel, including two members of the State Assembly: Autumn Burke (D–Marina Del Rey) and Tom Lackey (R–Palmdale).
Lackey was hospitalized during his bout with the disease.
Alex Tavlian
Alex Tavlian is the Executive Editor of The San Joaquin Valley Sun and Executive Director of Valley Future Foundation. You can reach Alex at alex.tavlian@sjvsun.com.
Treasury clears air on PPP tax status. Now will Calif. make COVID-19 loans tax-free?
The U.S. Treasury Department clarified states' ability to deem forgivable Paycheck Protection Programs loans issued to small businesses as being tax-free.
'The ADA lawsuit guy' pleads guilty, sentenced over hiding settlement money from IRS
An attorney known throughout Northern California for suing under the Americans with Disabilities Act is pleading guilty to filing false tax returns.
Dems reject effort to force vote to suspend Calif. gas tax
Two Valley lawmakers vying for a seat in Congress are taking decidedly different approaches to the priciest issue on voters' minds.
Newsom sends in National Guard to ramp up COVID testing
More than 200 members of the California National Guard were activated by Gov. Gavin Newsom to aid in coronavirus testing efforts across the state.


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As a fresh thinking, dynamic company Airedale Springs has become an industry leader. Since starting out in 1945 as a traditional family business we've combined our up to the minute expertise with advancing technology. Over the years it's helped us achieve our world-wide reputation for outstanding quality and service.
At the core of everything we do is our philosophy, 'Small enough to care, big enough to mean business'. From compression springs to extension springs, from developing hand crafted bespoke springs to vast volumes, our team has the facilities and the knowledge to create a great cost effective result every time.
Registered on 7th June 1945 and operating from a small 'Garrett' in Keighley, Gordon Parkinson and his business partner Cecil Hopkinson were mainly engaged in manufacturing wire handles for glass accumulators, expanding curtain rails, and long close coiled springs with wooden handles designed to clear blocked drains.
The Company's first registered office was in Skipton and the design of the Company logo was based on the turrets of Skipton Castle.
The Company moved to Royd Mill between Haworth and Oxenhope employing many staff who were to remain with the Company for over 25 years – many more would follow their lead.
A move to new premises at Harry Lane works, next to Oxenhope railway station – expanding rapidly and supplying key customers such as English Electric and Joseph Lucas.
The Company acquired a number of other businesses operating under "The Dales Group of Companies" and employing nearly 250 people. As well as springs they manufactured bed interiors, break shoes, fancy goods, radiator caps and provided sub-contract finishing services.
In 1973 the Company held the first of many "25 year club" dinners to celebrate, with the first 6 employees achieving this milestone.
The Company focused on its core business in spring and wire form manufacture by selling off parts of the group. By 1974 the Company needed to expand so rented Bridgehouse Mills in Haworth and for 24 years successfully operated from their two sites at Harry Lane and Bridgehouse Mills.
In 1988 the Company acquired Ebor Mill in Haworth. This marked a turning point for the Company as the entire business now operated from one site, for the first time since 1946.
With all the extra space the Company invested in the latest equipment, incorporating computers to control the machines and its production control systems. This new high technology machinery and apprentice training programmes were successfully implemented and essential to ensure the continued economic production of a wide range of products to the highest quality standards.
After 50 years of service, Michael Parkinson handed over the reins to the next generation, Tim and Sean Parkinson.
On 14th August 2010 a fire at Ebor Mills destroyed the building and its contents within hours leaving the Company without a production facility – but with grit and determination and a good deal of kindness from a great many, the Company were back in business within days.
The following 11 months of battling with the insurers was a challenging time for all involved but within weeks of receiving a pay-out, works commenced on a new building behind Bridgehouse Mills in Haworth, only a few feet from where the Company had been based previously.
The move into 'The Spring Works' (aptly named by one of the Company's longest serving members of staff ), was much celebrated, not least as the new state of the art facility was filled with the very latest CNC equipment to produce the widest range of spring and wire form products in the Company's history.
In recognition of their achievements in re-building a successful business following the fire, the Company received many awards including EEF awards for Environmental Efficiency, Innovative Operating Practices and Business Growth; Manufacturing Excellence by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers; Manufacturer of the Year, Employer of the Year and Small to Medium Enterprise of the Year from Bradford Means Business and more locally, a series of awards from Keighley Business Awards including Overall Business of the Year.
With a total of 17 CNC machines and 5 apprentices out of a 32 strong team, the Company continues to invest in equipment and its staff development. Planning has been approved for an extension to add an additional 30% of floor space, taking our total investment since the fire to £5 million.
Our '25 year club' which was started in 1973, will welcome its 49th member in November 2018 – a statistic the Company is very proud of. The club celebrates the importance of maintaining key skills within the business and of close-knit family values within the business – something the Company endeavours to reflect in all of its business relationships.
All this is supported by exceptional standards, demonstrated when we became the UK's first spring manufacturer to achieve BS5750 now known as BS EN ISO 9001:2015.
Our success has continued from there. With a drive for world class quality and a commitment to excellent service it's no wonder Airedale Springs is the number one choice for many international and leading British names.


text:
Marihuana Tax Act of 1937: A Brief History of Cannabis Prohibition
Before cannabis was outlawed, it was a huge resource for the start of America. It was used to medically treat people and produced raw material and goods. So why was it made illegal a few centuries later?
The Importance of Cannabis Prior to 1937
Prior to 1937, cannabis had a wide range of uses. It was used medically to treat nausea, inflammation, headaches, pain, sleeplessness and other ailments. In the 1800s, marijuana extracts were sold in pharmacies throughout the United States and as well as in Europe. William O'Shaughnessy was credited with introducing it to western medicine. During the mid-1600s, industrial hemp production was increased and typically imported into England. It was a significant part of the new colony's economy. George Washington grew hemp and encouraged other Americans to do the same. Hemp production eventually overshadowed cotton.
Hemp comes from the stalky part of certain Cannabis Sativa plants breed for industrial purposes. Hemp contains low amounts of psychoactive traces of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). According to Farm Collector, hemp was used to make rope, paper, cloth, sails, sacks and more leading up the to the Revolutionary War. Hemp's popularity declined when anti-hemp propaganda was created by people who had vested interest in lumber and synthetic textiles. William Randolph Hearst, the newspaper mogul supposedly had investments in timber and paper.
Pendleton'S Lithography, and Gilbert Stuart. George Washington, first president of the United States. , 1828. [?] Photograph. https://www.loc.gov/item/96523313/.
The Mexican Revolution Leading to Immigration to the North
The Mexican Revolution lasted ten bloody years; between the years of 1910 to 1920. The poor and middle class revolted against a corrupt wealthy class and government. Mexican war refugees and people exiled for political reasons fled north of the border.
The border patrol formed at the Mexican-American border after Mexico lost the Mexican-American War (April 25, 1846 – February 2, 1848) and was forced to sell territories which are present-day Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. The border patrol did not strictly prevent migrants from entering American until the Mexican Revolution was in full swing to prevent violent war conflicts from spilling over to the north1.
Photo by Pablò on Unsplash
According to the Library of Congress, the number of Mexicans who obtain legal status grew from around 20,000 to about 50,000 – 100,000 migrants per year during the 1920s2. Mexicans with them traditions of using hallucinogen like peyote and marijuana. The name marijuana is Mexican in origin. The exact history of the name unknown but it is believed to come from combining two Spanish female names Mari and Juana or Juanita. According to Time3, the Spanish first brought marijuana to Mexico in the 16th century. Although the first breeds were used for industrial fiber. Cannabis other hallucinogens were not socially accepted in Mexico either because they were associated with the devil and was considered unholy in the majority Catholic society.
The American Press Spread Fear About Marijuana
In the midst of the migrations, a Texas police officer reportedly said "[Other] police officers in Texas claimed that marijuana incited violent crimes, aroused a 'lust for blood,' and gave its users 'superhuman strength.' Rumors spread that Mexicans were distributing this 'killer weed' to unsuspecting American schoolchildren." In truth, according to the Drugabuse.com, "When it comes to what substance will put someone at risk for getting hurt or hurting others, alcohol is considered to cause the most harm.4" Regardless of the truth, the rumors effectively spread inciting fear about both marijuana and Mexicans.
The fight against marijuana was an anti-immigration fight.
American newspapers commonly published sensationalized headlines such has "Smoking weed turns Mexicans into beasts", "Evil Mexican plant drives you insane", "Mexican 'dream drug' feared here, wafts users into condition of coma and leads, in the end, to insanity". The fight against marijuana was an anti-immigration fight as shown in the newspaper headlines. An example of the racist rhetoric comes from Harry Anslinger, head of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics between the years of 1930 – 1962. Anslinger said in a testimony before congress, "I wish I could show you what a small marihuana cigaret can do to one of our degenerate Spanish-speaking residents. That's why our problem is so great; the greatest percentage of our population is composed of Spanish-speaking persons, most of who [sic] are low mentally, because of social and racial conditions."
In 1936, just a year before the Marihuana Act of 1937 was enacted, the anti-marijuana propaganda film, Reefer Madness was released. Reefer Madness depicted a series of troubling events after young adults use marijuana. They hallucinate, murder and attempt to rape. The film frightened an unknowing audience into demanding political results.
Read the Original Act Passed by Congress on August 2, 1937
From 75th Congress, 1st Session—CHS. 552, 553—August 2, 1937
To impose an occupational excise tax upon certain dealers in marihuana, to impose a transfer tax upon certain dealings in marihuana, and to safeguard the revenue therefrom by registry and recording.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That when used in this Act-
(a) The term "person" means an individual, a partnership, trust, association, company, or corporation and includes an officer or employee of a trust, association, company, or corporation, or a member or employee of a partnership, who, as such officer, employee, or member, is under a duty to perform any act in respect of which any violation of this Act occurs.
(b) The term "marihuana" means all parts of the plant Cannabis satlva L., whether growing or not; the seeds thereof; the resin extracted from any part of such plant; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds, or resin; but shall not include the mature stalks of such plant, fiber produced from such stalks, oil or cake made from the seeds of such plant, any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such mature stalks (except the resin extracted therefrom), fiber, oil, or cake, or the sterilized seed of such plant which is incapable of germination.
(c) The term "producer" means any person who (1) plants, cultivates, or in any way facilitates the natural growth of marihuana; or (2) harvests and transfers or makes use of marihuana.
(d) The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Treasury and the term "collector" means collector of internal revenue.
(e) The term "transfer" or "transferred" means any type of disposition resulting in a change of possession but shall not include a transfer to a common carrier for the purpose of transporting marihuana.
SEC. 2. (a) Every person who imports, manufactures, produces, compounds, sells, deals in, dispenses, prescribes, administers, or gives away marihuana shall (1) within fifteen days after the effective date of this Act, or (2) before engaging after the expiration of such fifteen-day period in any of the above-mentioned activities, and (3) thereafter, on or before July 1 of each year, pay the following special taxes respectively:
(1) Importers, manufacturers, and compounders of marihuana, $2 per year.
(2) Producers of marihuana (except those included within subdivision (4) of this subsection), $1 per year, or fraction thereof, duringwhich they engage in such activity.
(3) Physicians, dentists, veterinary surgeons, and other practitioners who distribute, dispense, give away, administer, or prescribe marihuana to patients upon whom they in the course of their professional practice are in attendance, $1 per year or fraction thereof during which they engage in any of such activities.
(4) Any person not registered as an importer, manufacturer, producer, or compounder who obtains and uses marihuana in a laboratory for the purpose of research, instruction, or analysis, or who produces marihuana for any such purpose, $1 per year, or fraction thereof, during which he engages in such activities.
(5) Any person who is not a physician, dentist, veterinary surgeon,
or other practitioner and who deals in, dispenses, or gives away
red dealers, marihuana, $3 per year: Provided, That any person who has registered and paid the special tax as an importer, manufacturer, compounder, or producer, as required by subdivisions (1) and (2) of this subsection, may deal in, dispense, or give away marihuana imported, manufactured, compounded, or produced by him without further payment of the tax imposed by this section. tationof tax. (b) Where a tax under subdivision (1) or (5) is payable on July 1 of any year it shall be computed for one year; where any such tax is payable on any other day it shall be computed proportionately from the first day of the month in which the liability for the tax accrued to the following July 1. hanoneplace (c) In the event that any person subject to a tax imposed by this section engages in any of the activities enumerated in subsection (a)of this section at more than one place, such person shall pay the tax with respect to each such place. than one ao (d) Except as otherwise provided, whenever more than one of the activities enumerated in subsection (a) of this section is carried on by the same person at the same time, such person shall pay the tax for each such activity, according to the respective rates prescribed. tation re- (e) Any person subject to the tax imposed by this section shall, upon payment of such tax, register his name or style and his place or places of business with the collector of the district in which such place or places of business are located. (f) Collectors are authorized to furnish, upon written request, toany person a certified copy of the names of any or all persons who
may be listed in their respective collection districts as special taxpayers under this section, upon payment of a fee of $1 for each one hundred of such names or fraction thereof upon such copy so
requested. r of rgis- SEC. 3. (a) No employee of any person who has paid the special
tax and registered, as required by section 2 of this Act, acting within the scope of his employment, shall be required to register and pay such special tax. officials ex- (b) An officer or employee of the United States, any State, Territory, the District of Columbia, or insular possession, or political subdivision, who, in the exercise of his official duties, engages in any
of the activities enumerated in section 2 of this Act shall not be required to register or pay the special tax, but his right to this
75TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION-CH. 553-AUGUST 2, 1937
exemption shall be evidenced in such manner as the Secretary may
by regulations prescribe.
SEC. 4. (a) It shall be unlawful for any person required to register and pay the special tax under the provisions of section 2 to
import, manufacture, produce, compound, sell, deal in, dispense,
distribute, prescribe, administer, or give away marihuana without
having so registered and paid such tax.
(b) In any suit or proceeding to enforce the liability imposed by
this section or section 2, if proof is made that marihuana was at any
time growing upon land under the control of the defendant, such
proof shall be presumptive evidence that at such time the defendant
was a producer and liable under this section as well as under section 2.
SEC. 5. It shall be unlawful for any person who shall not have paid
the special tax and registered, as required by section 2, to send, ship,
carry, transport, or deliver any marihuana within any Territory, the
District of Columbia, or any insular possession, or from any State, Territory, the District of Columbia, any insular possession of the United
States, or the Canal Zone, into any other State, Territory, the District
of Columbia, or insular possession of the United States: Provided,
That nothing contained in this section shall apply to any common
carrier engaged in transporting marihuana; or to any employee of
any person who shall have registered and paid the special tax as
required by section 2 while acting within the scope of his employment; or to any person who shall deliver marihuana which has been
prescribed or dispensed by a physician, dentist, veterinary surgeon,
or other practitioner registered under section 2, who has been
employed to prescribe for the particular patient receiving such
marihuana; or to any United States, State, county, municipal, District, Territorial, or insular officer or official acting within the scope
of his official duties.
SEC. 6. (a) It shall be unlawful for any person, whether or not
required to pay a special tax and register under section 2, to transfer
marihuana, except in pursuance of a written order of the person to
whom such marihuana is transferred, on a form to be issued in blank
for that purpose by the Secretary.
(b) Subject to such regulations as the Secretary may prescribe,
nothing contained in this section shall apply-
(1) To a transfer of marihuana to a patient by a physician, dentist,
veterinary surgeon, or other practitioner registered under section 2,
in the course of his professional practice only: Provided, That such
physician, dentist, veterinary surgeon, or other practitioner shall keep
a record of all such marihuana transferred, showing the amount
transferred and the name and address of the patient to whom such
marihuana is transferred, and such record shall be kept for a period
of two years from the date of the transfer of such marihuana, and
subject to inspection as provided in section 11.
(2) To a transfer of marihuana, made in good faith by a dealer
to a consumer under and in pursuance of a written prescription issued
by a physician, dentist, veterinary surgeon, or other practitioner registered under section 2: Provided, That such prescription shall be
dated as of the day on which signed and shall be signed by the physician, dentist, veterinary surgeon, or other practitioner who issues the
same: Provided further, That such dealer shall preserve such prescription for a period of two years from the day on which such
prescription is filled so as to be readily accessible for inspection by
the officers, agents, employees, and officials mentioned in section 11.
(3) To the sale, exportation, shipment, or delivery of marihuana
by any person within the United States, any Territory, the District
of Columbia, or any of the insular possessions of the United States.
to any person in any foreign country regulating the entry of mari553
Certain activities
without registration and payment of tax, unlawful.
Presumptive evidence of production. and liability therefor.
Shipments, etc., ex- cept as prescribed, un- lawful.
75TH CONGRESS, IST SESSION-CH. 553-AUGUST 2, 1937
huana, if such sale, shipment, or delivery of marihuana is made in
accordance with such regulations for importation into such foreign
Promulgation of country as are prescribed by such foreign country, such regulations
to be promulgated from time to time by the Secretary of State of
the United States.
Use by public offi- (4) To a transfer of marihuana to any officer or employee of the
United States Government or of any State, Territorial, District,
county, or municipal or insular government lawfully engaged in
making purchases thereof for the various departments of the Army
and Navy, the Public Health Service, and for Government, State,
Territorial, District, county, or municipal or insular hospitals or
prisons.
Transfer seeds to (5) To a transfer of any seeds of the plant Cannabis sativa L. to
any person registered under section 2.
ration, sale, epac. (c) The Secretary shall cause suitable forms to be prepared for
the purposes before mentioned and shall cause them to be distributed
to collectors for sale. The price at which such forms shall be sold
by said collectors shall be fixed by the Secretary, but shall not exceed
2 cents each. Whenever any collector shall sell any of such forms he
shall cause the date of sale, the name and address of the proposed
vendor, the name and address of the purchaser, and the amount of
marihuana ordered to be plainly written or stamped thereon before
delivering the same. se of (d) Each such order form sold by a collector shall be prepared
by him and shall include an original and two copies, any one of
which shall be admissible in evidence as an original. The original
and one copy shall be given by the collector to the purchaser thereof.
The original shall in turn be given by. the purchaser thereof to
any person who shall, in pursuance thereof, transfer marihuana to
him and shall be preserved by such person for a period of two years
so as to be readily accessible for inspection by any officer, agent, or
employee mentioned in section 11. The copy given to the purchaser
by the collector shall be retained by the purchaser and preserved
for a period of two years so as to be readily accessible to inspection
by any officer, agent, or employee mentioned in section 11. The
second copy shallbe preserved in the records of the collector.
A tnter, 53. . SEC. 7. (a) There shall be levied, collected, and paid upon all
transfers of marihuana which are required by section 6 to be carried
out in pursuance of written order forms taxes at the following rates:
) Upon each transfer to any person who has paid the special tax
and registered under section 2 of this Act, $1 per ounce of marihuana
or fraction thereof.
(2) Upon each transfer to any person who has not paid the special
tax and registered under section 2 of this Act, $100 per ounce of
marihuana or fraction thereof.
feree; by traseor. (b) Such tax shall be paid by the transferee at the time of securing
each order form and shall be in addition to the price of such form.
Such transferee shall be liable for the tax imposed by this section
but in the event that the transfer is made in violation of section 6
without an order form and without payment of the transfer tax
imposed by this section, the transferor shall also be liable for such
Payment by means ax.
of stamps. (c) Payment of the tax herein provided shall be represented by
appropriate stamps to be provided by the Secretary and said stamps
shall be affixed by the collector or his representative to the original
made applicable (d) All provisions of law relating to the engraving, issuance, sale,
Internal revenue accountability, cancelation, and destruction of tax-paid stamps protamps. vided for in the internal-revenue laws shall, insofar as applicable and
75TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION-CH. 5.,3-AUGUST 2, 1937
not inconsistent with this Act, be extended and made to apply to
stamps provided for in this section.
(e) All provisions of law (including penalties) applicable in
respect of the taxes imposed by the Act of December 17, 1914 (38
Stat. 785; U. S. C., 1934 ed., title 26, secs. 1040-1061, 1383-1391), as
amended, shall, insofar as not inconsistent with this Act, be applicable in respect of the taxes imposed by this Act.
SEC. 8. (a) It shall be unlawful for any person who is a transferee required to pay the transfer tax imposed by section 7 to acquire
or otherwise obtain any marihuana without having paid such tax;
and proof that any person shall have had in his possession any marihuana and shall have failed, after reasonable notice and demand by
the collector, to produce the order form required by section 6 to be
retained by him, shall be presumptive evidence of guilt under this
section and of liability for the tax imposed by section 7.
(b) No liability shall be imposed by virtue of this section upon
any duly authorized officer of the Treasury Department engaged in
the enforcement of this Act or upon any duly authorized officer of
any State, or Territory, or of any political subdivision thereof, or the
District of Columbia, or of any insular possession of the United
States, who shall be engaged in the enforcement of any law or municipal ordinance dealing with the production, sale, prescribing, dispensing, dealing in, or distributing of marihuana.
SEC. 9. (a) Any marihuana which has been imported, manufactured, compounded, transferred, or produced in violation of any
of the provisions of this Act shall be subject to seizure and forfeiture and, except as inconsistent with the provisions of this Act,
all the provisions of internal-revenue laws relating to searches, seizures, and forfeitures are extended to include marihuana.
(b) Any marihuana which may be seized by the United States
Government from any person or persons charged with any violation
of this Act shall upon conviction of the person or persons from whom
seized be confiscated by and forfeited to the United States.
(c) Any marihuana seized or coming into the possession of the
United States in the enforcement of this Act, the owner or owners
of which are unknown, shall be confiscated by and forfeited to the
(d) The Secretary is hereby directed to destroy any marilluana
confiscated by and forfeited to the United States under this section
or to deliver such marihuana to any department, bureau, or other
agency of the United States Government, upon proper application
therefor under such regulations as may be prescribed by the
Secretary.
SEC. 10. (a) Every person liable to any tax imposed by this Act
shall keep such books and records, render under oath such statements, make such returns, and comply with such rules and regulations as the Secretary may from time to time prescribe.
(b) Any person who shall be registered under the provisions of
section 2 in any internal-revenue district shall, whenever required so
to do by the collector of the district, render to the collector a true
and correct statement or return, verified by affidavits, setting forth
the quantity of marihuana received or harvested by him during such
period immediately preceding the demand of the collector, not exceeding three months, as the said collector may fix and determine. If such person is not solely a producer, he shall set forth in such statement or return the names of the persons from whom said marihuana was received, the quantity in each instance received from such persons, and the date when received.
SEC. 11. The order forms and copies thereof and the prescriptions
and records required to be preserved under the provisions of section
Narcotic Drug Act. 38 Stat. 785.
26 U. S. C. §§ 1040- 1061. 1383-1391.
Transferee required
to pay transfer tax failing to pay, etc.
Proof of I)ossession.
No liability on en- forcement officer.
Forfeiture of contra- band marihuana.
Confiscation of seizures.
I )lsrllltilon. et.'
Records. returns, etc.
Statements by reistered persons.
Orler forms, pre- scription., etc.; inspection
6, and the statements or returns filed in the office of the collector of the district under the provisions of section 10 (b) shall be open to inspection by officers, agents, and employees of the Treasury Department duly authorized for that purpose, and such officers of any State, or Territory, or of any political subdivision thereof, or the District of Columbia, or of any insular possession of the United States as shall be charged with the enforcement of any law or municipal ordinance regulating the production, sale, prescribing, dispens- (opiesof returns. ing, dealing in, or distributing of marihuana. Each collector shall
be authorized to furnish, upon written request, copies of any of the said statements or returns filed in his office to any of such officials of any State or Territory, or political subdivision thereof, or the District of Columbia, or any insular possession of the United States as shall be entitled to inspect the said statements or returns filed in the office of the said collector, upon the payment of a fee of $1 for each 100 words or fraction thereof in the copy or copies so requested.
Penalty provisions. SEC. 12. Any person lwho is convicted of a violation of any provision of this Act shall be fined not more than $2,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both, in the discretion of the court. tioNegincetXnemN SEC. 13. It shall not be necessary to negative any exemptions set etc. forth in this Act in any complaint, information, indictment, or other writ or proceeding laid or brought under this Act and the burden of proof of any such exemption shall be upon the defendant. In the absence of the production of evidence by the defendant that he has complied with the provisions of section 2 relating to registration or that he has complied with the provisions of section 6 relating to order forms, he shall be presumed not to have complied with such provisions of such sections, as the case may be. ile to be pre- SEC. 14. The Secretary is authorized to make, prescribe, and pubPoe, p. 772. lish all necessary rules and regulations for carrying out the provisions of this Act and to confer or impose any of the rights, privileges, powers, and duties conferred or imposed upon him by this
Act upon such officers or employees of the Treasury Department as lie shall designate or appoint.
Scope of Act. SEC. 15. Thle provisions of this Act shall apply to the several States, the District of Columbia, the Territory of Alaska, the Territory of Hawaii, and the insular possessions of the United States, except the Philippine Islands. In Puerto Rico the admninistration of this Act, the collection of the special taxes and transfer taxes, and the issuance of the order forms provided for in section 6 shall be performed by the appropriate internal-revenue officers of that government, and all revenues collected under this Act in Puerto Rico Vircin Islands. shall accrue intact to the general government thereof. The President is hereby authorized and directed to issue such Executive orders as will carry into effect in the Virgin Islands the intent and purpose of this Act by providing for tte registration with appropriate officers and the imposition of the special and transfer taxes upon all persons in the Virgin Islands who import, manufacture, produce, compound, sell, deal in, dispense, prescribe, administer, or give away marihuana. ling clause. SEC. 16. If any )rovision of this Act or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the remainder of the Act and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.
Efective date SEC. 17. This Act shall take effect on the first day of the second
month after the month during which it is enacted. Short title. SEC. 18. This Act may be cited as the "Marihuana Tax Act of 1937."
Approved, August 2, 1937.
1https://www.history.com/news/mexico-border-wall-military-facts
2https://blogs.loc.gov/kluge/2015/03/the-history-of-mexican-immigration-to-the-u-s-in-the-early-20th-century/
3https://time.com/5572691/420-marijuana-mexican-immigration/
4https://drugabuse.com/marijuana-vs-alcohol/
Musto DF. The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1972;26(2):101–108. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1972.01750200005002 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-abstract/490581
https://www.mit.edu/~thistle/v13/2/history.html
marijuana act of 1937
medicinal marijuana
mexican revolution
weed history
Reviewed: Marijuana is Safer: So Why Are We Driving People to Drink?
5 Things You Didn't Know About Reefer Madness (1936)


text:
This is the list of world records progression in men's weightlifting. Records are maintained in each weight class for the snatch lift, clean and jerk lift, and the total for both lifts.

The International Weightlifting Federation restructured its weight classes in 1993, 1998 and 2018, nullifying earlier records.

55 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

61 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

67 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

73 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

81 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

89 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

96 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

102 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

109 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

+109 kg

Snatch

Clean & Jerk

Total

See also
 World record progression men's weightlifting (1998–2018)
 World record progression men's weightlifting (1993–1997)
 World record progression women's weightlifting
 World record progression women's weightlifting (1998–2018)

References

External links
IWF official website
World Record progressions

Men's weightlifting
World

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text:
Q: how to check and retrieve changed/newly added contact details from address book in iOS? In my app I am getting all address book data. But when I start app next time I just want to retrieve modified/newly added contacts in address book.
Can you please suggest me any possible ways?
Thanks.

A: From iOS 9 you can register your class to observ CNContactStoreDidChangeNotification:
Obj-C code:
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(addressBookDidChange:) name:CNContactStoreDidChangeNotification object:nil];

And then:
-(void)addressBookDidChange:(NSNotification*)notification
{
  //Handle event here...
}

Swift code:
NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(
    self,
    selector: "addressBookDidChange:",
    name: CNContactStoreDidChangeNotification,
    object: nil)

And then:
@objc func addressBookDidChange(notification: NSNotification){
    //Handle event here...
}

as reported in Contacts Framework Reference

After a save is successfully executed, the contact store posts a
  CNContactStoreDidChangeNotification notification to the default
  notification center. If you cache any Contacts framework objects you
  need to refetch those objects, either by their identifiers, or with
  the predicates that were used to originally fetch them, and then
  release the cached objects. Note that cached objects are stale, but
  not invalid.

A: I wrote a method that checks the address book for updated phone numbers or emails of contacts; specifically only contacts the user added but there's nothing stopping one from extending it to all contacts.
It's called JPContactArchive and the method you'll want to check out is -updateContacts. It should help.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange