text:
\section{Introduction}

Nonlinear optics is crucial for realizing key quantum optical resources, including heralded single photons \cite{hong1986experimental} and squeezed light \cite{slusher1985observation,wu1986generation}, which, however, have heavily relied on using bulk nonlinear crystals since the dawn of (experimental) quantum optics three decades ago. In recent years, development of wafer-scale growth of high-quality thin-film nonlinear optical materials and the associated microfabrication techniques is shifting the paradigm of quantum optics from the conventional bulk crystals and components to integrated photonic circuits on microchips, driven by the quest of scalable systems and strong light-matter interaction among other advantages of chip-scale architectures. Integrated nonlinear photonic circuits have now been developed in material systems including, for example, silicon \cite{silverstone2016silicon} and silicon nitride \cite{xiong2015compact,dutt2015chip,lu2019chip} with $\chi^{(3)}$ nonlinearity, and more recently aluminum nitride (AlN) \cite{xiong2012aluminum} and lithium niobate \cite{wang2019monolithic,luo2018highly} with dominant $\chi^{(2)}$ nonlinearity. The $\chi^{(2)}$ nonlinear materials are particularly useful for generating entangled photon pairs via spontaneous parametric down conversion \cite{guo2017parametric}, squeezed light \cite{lenzini2018integrated}, and visible-to-infrared wavelength conversion \cite{guo2016chip}. With centrosymmetry breaking of the crystal structure, these materials also possess large linear electro-optic coefficients, leading to applications such as integrated high-speed modulators \cite{wang2018integrated} and microwave-to-optical signal transducers for quantum networks \cite{fan2018superconducting}.

A key to the success of these applications of integrated nonlinear photonic circuits is a low-loss fiber-to-chip interface, which will help to preserve the fidelity of quantum states or to increase the success rate of post-selected events for enhanced quantum protocols. Typical fiber-to-chip coupling schemes have been realized in the AlN platform, including grating couplers \cite{lu2018aluminum,ghosh2012aluminum,pernice2012second} and end-fire couplers\cite{jung2014green,liu2017aluminum}. However, these coupling schemes generally have substantial insertion losses due to abrupt mode change, especially for the near-visible light (see Table \ref{tab:shape-functions} for a summary of demonstrated fiber-optic couplers in AlN).

\begin{table*}[htbp]
\centering
\caption{\bf Fiber-to-chip coupling schemes realized in AlN thin films}
\begin{tabular}{c|c|c|c|c}
\hline
Coupling scheme & Reference & AlN film thickness & Wavelength (Polarization) & Single-side coupling efficiency \\
\hline
End-fire coupler & \cite{jung2014green} & 650 nm & 1550 nm (TE) & -4 dB   \\ \cline{2-5}
                            & \cite{liu2017aluminum} &1.2$\ \mu$m & 1550 nm (TM/TE) & -2.8 dB/-2.8 dB \\ \hline
Grating coupler & \cite{lu2018aluminum} & 200 nm & 500 nm-700 nm (TE)  & -4 dB \\ \cline{2-5}
                           & \cite{pernice2012second} & 330 nm & 780 nm (TM) & -11.5 dB  \\
  			  &&             & 1550 nm (TM) & -13.5 dB  \\ \cline{2-5}
  		 	  & \cite{ghosh2012aluminum} & 400 nm & 1550 nm (TE) & -6.6 dB  \\ \hline
Adiabatic coupler & this work & 600 nm & 780 nm (TM/TE)   & -2.6 dB/-2.6 dB  \\  \cline{4-5}
			 &		    &             & 1550 nm (TM/TE)   & -0.97 dB/-1.55 dB \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
  \label{tab:shape-functions}
\end{table*}

In order to exploit the largest $\chi^{(2)}$ component of $c-$plane AlN films, transverse magnetic (TM)-like modes of a photonic device should be used for both fundamental (1550 nm wavelength) and second-harmonic (780 nm wavelength) light \cite{guo2016chip}. In this work, integrated photonic circuits are realized in 600 nm thick AlN films; this thickness is chosen in order to maximize the nonlinear coupling between phase-matched fundamental TM$_{00}$ and second-harmonic TM$_{20}$ modes in a medium sized ring resonator ($r=30\ \mu$m), since the nonlinear mode coupling scales inversely with the square root of the ring radius \cite{guo2016second} and optical quality factor of resonances tends to reduce in smaller rings. However, 600 nm thick AlN films are not favorable for making either grating couplers or end-fire couplers: grating couplers are suitable for thinner AlN films due to the difficulty of fabricating gratings with high aspect ratio, especially for near-visible light, and end-fire couplers tend to work better with thicker AlN films where mode field diameter mismatch between waveguides and optical fibers decreases. As a result, a low-loss fiber-optic coupling scheme that works for AlN films with intermediate thickness (e.g. $\gtrsim300$ nm and $\lesssim1\ \mu$m), and especially for TM-polarized light, is needed.

Here, we realize a high-efficiency fiber-to-chip interface using adiabatic couplers in thin-film AlN. Adiabatic couplers, based on adiabatic band-crossing between a tapered optical fiber and a tapered on-chip waveguide to achieve near-unity transmission of light, have been demonstrated previously in material systems including silicon \cite{groblacher2013highly}, silicon nitride \cite{tiecke2015efficient}, and diamond \cite{burek2017fiber}. Due to the specific material property and fabrication difficulty associated with AlN, as we will detail below, realizing low-loss adiabatic couplers in this material represents a substantial challenge, especially for the near-visible TM-polarized light. By adopting a stepwise waveguiding scheme, we overcome these limitations and realize adiabatic couplers for both 780 nm and 1550 nm TM-polarized light, with an insertion loss of -2.6 dB and -0.97 dB, respectively. It turns out the transmission of the transverse electric (TE)-polarized light is also high in the same couplers that are optimized for the TM polarization.

\section{Simulation results}

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{./Figure1.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{a}. Schematic diagram of the adiabatic fiber-optic coupler connected with stepwise waveguide in AlN-on-insulator microchips. The tapered optical fiber is side-coupled to the tapered on-chip waveguide coupler. \textbf{b}. $E_z$ field of the 773 nm wavelength fundamental TM-like mode of the coupled fiber-waveguide system at locations $P_{1,2,3}$. $\eta_{c,w,s}$ are the transmission efficiency of different sections of the coupler, explained in the text.}
\label{fig1}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

As mentioned above, specific constraints due to the material properties of AlN and the extreme dimensions of adiabatic couplers needed for high transmission efficiency make the realization of adiabatic couplers in relatively thick AlN films an outstanding challenge, especially for the 780 nm wavelength light. High-efficiency adiabatic couplers require the tip of the tapered waveguide to be sufficiently small to avoid insertion loss when interfacing with the low-index optical fiber. This is especially critical when dealing with TM-like modes, which have larger index than TE-like modes in waveguides with large height-to-width ratio. In contrast, most demonstrated couplers in AlN films with reasonable insertion loss work for TE-like modes in the telecom wavelength range (Table \ref{tab:shape-functions}). However, in practice, the lateral dimension of lithographically fabricated AlN waveguides is limited by the lithography resolution and the tapering-out effect due to the dry etching process with best sidewall angles around 80$\degree$ achieved so far\cite{guo2016chip,sohn2018time}. For example, in this work we used hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) as the electron beam resist, and the smallest feature size that can be patterned on a 300 nm thick HSQ resist without mask collapse after development is about 50 nm. Given the etch-defined sidewall angle of AlN waveguides to be 80$\degree$, the smallest achievable dimension of the waveguide bottom is around 260 nm assuming a 600 nm thick AlN film. The 780 nm fundamental TM-like mode in such waveguides has a mode index of 1.65, which is larger than the index of the TM mode of a bare optical fiber, indicating substantial insertion loss for the adiabatic coupler. The adiabatic couplers realized based on such dimensions show an efficiency of only about 1$\%$ according to our simulation.

To overcome these challenges, we developed a stepwise coupling scheme for the 780 nm wavelength light. By selectively thinning the thickness of the adiabatic coupler, this scheme  simultaneously realizes strong nonlinear mode coupling in photonic devices with the full thickness of AlN films and efficient fiber-to-chip transduction via the thinned adiabatic coupler. A schematic of the stepwise coupler in AlN-on-insulator microchips is shown in Fig. \ref{fig1}a. The thickness of the AlN film is $H$. The released AlN waveguide coupler, anchored at an unreleased rib waveguide, has a thickness of $h$ and is adiabatically tapered from a width of $w_1$ to $w_2$ over a length of $L$. A tapered optical fiber is aligned side to the released waveguide over the tapered region to form the adiabatic fiber-optic coupler. We emphasize the  side-coupling of fiber and waveguide is important here as top-coupling results in much weaker interaction between TM-like modes of the AlN waveguide and the optical fiber in thick AlN films. As the simulation shows, for the 780 nm wavelength light, the released waveguide with reduced thickness (i.e. $h<H$) significantly increases the efficiency of the adiabatic coupler for the fundamental TM-like mode. Though the step between the released coupler and the rib waveguide introduces some loss, the overall transmission efficiency from the fiber to the on-chip waveguide, for the optimal $h$, is much higher than an adiabatic coupler with full thickness $H$.  Fig. \ref{fig1}b shows the 780 nm fundamental TM-like mode of the coupled fiber-waveguide system at a few locations for the optimized case, simulated using COMSOL.

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{./Figure2.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{a}. Optimized coupling efficiency for 773 nm wavelength TM polarized light for various thickness of the tapered waveguide. Red is the optimized overall coupling efficiency ($\eta_t=\eta_c\eta_w\eta_s$), and green and blue are the corresponding efficiency of the adiabatic coupler $\eta_c$ and the step $\eta_w\eta_s$, respectively. \textbf{b}. Coupling efficiency of the TE-polarized light through the same structure that optimizes the TM polarization in \textbf{a}. \textbf{c}. Adiabatic coupler efficiency $\eta_c$ versus tapering length $L$ for $\alpha=3.8\degree$, $h=300$ nm, $w_1=102$ nm, and $w_2=150$ nm. \textbf{d}. Adiabatic coupler efficiency $\eta_c$ versus fiber aperture $\alpha$ for $L=24\ \mu$m, $h=300$ nm, $w_1=102$ nm, and $w_2=150$.}
\label{fig2}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

We used Lumerical FDTD for the simulation of coupler efficiency. In the simulated structures, we assume $H=600$ nm, and the rib waveguide is 500 nm tall above the 100 nm thick AlN membrane. The cross-section of the AlN coupler is set to be a rectangle with its width equal to the medium width of the actual trapezoidal waveguide cross-section, i.e. $\bar w=w+h/\tan(80\degree)$, where $w$ is the width of the trapezoidal waveguide top and we assumed the dry-etch induced sidewall angle to be $80\degree$. This is a legitimate approximation of the actual trapezoidal waveguide cross-section, since for adiabatic couplers, the coupling efficiency is insensitive to the shape of the waveguide cross-section but only depends on the adiabatic varying of the mode index and fiber-waveguide mode coupling strength. As long as the mode index is close, adiabatic couplers with different cross-sections will yield similar transmission efficiency. For example, for the 780 nm TM$_{00}$ mode, its mode index is 1.125 and 1.134, respectively, for a trapezoidal waveguide with 50 nm wide top, 300 nm thickness and 80$\degree$ base angle and a rectangular waveguide with 102 nm width (i.e. the medium width of the trapezoid) and the same thickness. From here on, the width of a simulated waveguide thus refers to the width of the equivalent rectangular waveguide.

We first fix $L=24\ \mu$m, $w_1=102$ nm, and the aperture of tapered fibers $\alpha=3.8\degree$. We used refractive index 2.183 and 2.140 for the 780 nm TM and TE modes, respectively. For the 780 nm wavelength TM$_{00}$ coupler, we varied $h$ and for each $h$ swept $w_2$ to maximize the adiabatic coupler efficiency $\eta_c$. The total coupling efficiency from the optical fiber to the unreleased rib waveguide is calculated as $\eta_t=\eta_c\eta_w\eta_s$, where $\eta_w$ and $\eta_s$ are the transmission efficiency at the waveguide step and the substrate etch front, respectively. Using this protocol, Fig. \ref{fig2}a shows the simulated $\eta_t$ versus $h$ for TM$_{00}$ mode and wavelength $\lambda=773$ nm. We find $h=300$ nm is optimal for TM$_{00}$ mode, with $\eta_t=69\%$ (wherein $\eta_c=97\%$, $\eta_w=75\%$, $\eta_s=95\%$, respectively) achieved at $w_2=150$ nm. Fig. \ref{fig2}b shows the coupling efficiency for TE$_{00}$ mode versus $h$ in the same structure that optimizes the coupling efficiency of TM$_{00}$ mode. We find the coupling efficiency for the TE$_{00}$ mode is $63\%$ for $h=300$ nm. We stress that this is not the optimized result for the TE$_{00}$ mode which is not the focus of this work.
To justify the choice of taper length and fiber aperture used above, we simulated the adiabatic coupler efficiency $\eta_c$ as a function of the coupler length $L$ (with fixed fiber aperture $\alpha=3.8\degree$) and fiber aperture (with fixed coupler length $L=24\ \mu$m), respectively, with all the other parameters kept the same as the structure that optimized the total coupling efficiency, i.e. $h=300$ nm, $w_1=102$ nm, $w_2=150$ nm. The results are shown in Fig. \ref{fig2}c and d. It can be seen that both $L=24\ \mu$m and $\alpha=3.8\degree$ saturate the coupling efficiency, thus validating their choice.

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=1\columnwidth]{./Figure3.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{a}. Optimized coupling efficiency for 1546 nm wavelength TM polarized light for various $w_2$. Red is the optimized overall coupling efficiency, and green and blue are the corresponding efficiency of the adiabatic coupler and the waveguide step, respectively. Inset: dimensions of the coupler with an additional 5 $\mu$m long tapering from $w_2$ to 600 nm wide rib waveguide. \textbf{b}. Coupling efficiency of the TE-polarized light through the same structure that optimizes the TM polarization in \textbf{a}. }
\label{fig3}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

In contrast, for the TM$_{00}$ mode at telecom wavelength, the released adiabatic coupler with thickness $h=H$ is able to achieve near-unity efficiency as the mode index at the waveguide tip with practical dimensions is still sufficiently smaller than that of the optical fiber mode. Thus, we adopt a flattop coupler design for the telecom wavelength light. In the simulation, we used refractive index 2.16 and 2.12 for the 1550 nm TM and TE modes, respectively, and we again used a rectangular waveguide cross-section for simplicity; this is justified because, for the 1550 nm TM$_{00}$ mode, its mode index is very close, i.e. 1.054 and 1.063 respectively, in a trapezoidal waveguide with 50 nm wide top, 600 nm height, and 80$\degree$ base angle and a rectangular waveguide with 156 nm width (i.e. the medium width of the trapezoidal waveguide) and 600 nm height. The design is straightforward: we fixed $L=24\ \mu$m, $w_1=156$ nm, $\alpha=3.8\degree$, and varied $w_2$ to optimize the coupling efficiency for TM$_{00}$ mode at $\lambda=1546$ nm. The width of the rib waveguide is kept at 600 nm so there is a second taper from $w_2$ to 600 nm over $5\ \mu$m length (Fig. \ref{fig3}a inset). Since the light has already been confined in the waveguide at the width $w_2$, this second taper has negligible transmission loss. Here, the step efficiency $\eta_w$ is merely due to the existence of the 100 nm AlN membrane. The simulated result is shown in Fig. \ref{fig3}a and the optimal coupling efficiency is found to be $91\%$ for $w_2=350$ nm. The coupling efficiency of the TE$_{00}$ mode is also simulated for the same structure, as shown in Fig. \ref{fig3}b, and for $w_2=350$ nm it is $91\%$.

\section{Fabrication and measurements}

We fabricated the designed couplers in AlN-on-oxide microchips with 600 nm thick AlN films deposited via a sputtering process with dual cathode S-gun magnetron source. The process is tuned such that the AlN thin-film is deposited with 400 MPa tensile stress. Due to this tensile stress, the released couplers bend up out of the plane of chip, enabling alignment and side-coupling with tilted optical fibers (to avoid touching the chip). The integrated AlN photonic circuits with released adiabatic couplers for both telecom and near-visible wavelength light are fabricated using the following process. First, a window enclosing the to-be-fabricated 780 nm wavelength coupler is lithographically patterned followed by removal of 300 nm AlN thereof using Cl$_2$/BCl$_3$/Ar-based inductively-coupled plasma-reactive ion etch (ICP-RIE). Etching down the window prior to patterning the 780 nm wavelength coupler ensures the width of the coupler top close to the lithography resolution and be consistent with the simulation setting. Then the whole photonic circuits including the adiabatic couplers are patterned using electron beam lithography with HSQ mask followed with ICP-RIE to etch away 500 nm AlN. Finally, a window enclosing the 1550 nm wavelength coupler, which is still protected by the residual HSQ from the previous beam write, is patterned and etched down by about 100 nm. At this point, both windows enclosing the adiabatic couplers are etched through while the rest photonic circuit is attached to the remaining 100 nm thick AlN layer on the oxide substrate. Finally, the couplers are released using hydrofluoric acid (HF) etch. On the other hand, the tapered fibers are fabricated using HF etch \cite{turner1984etch,hong2014nanoscale}, by slowly pulling the fiber out of the HF liquid with controlled speed. The fabricated fiber has an aperture $\sim 4\degree$.

\begin{figure}[!htb]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.8\columnwidth]{./Figure4.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{a} and \textbf{b}. Measured coupling efficiency for near-visible (\textbf{a}) and telecom (\textbf{b}) wavelength light in comparison with the simulation. Measured data is illustrated by counting for the variation due to fiber splicing loss which is about $3\%$ on average.}
\label{fig4}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure*}[!htb]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=2\columnwidth]{./Figure5.pdf}
\caption{\textbf{a}. SEM images of the AlN integrated photonic circuit with a bus waveguide-coupled ring resonator and both 780 nm and 1550 nm wavelength adiabatic couplers. \textbf{b}. Side-view SEM images of the 1550 nm wavelength coupler and 780 nm wavelength coupler. \textbf{c} and \textbf{d}. Normalized reflection signal showing a 1550 nm TM$_{00}$ resonance (\textbf{c}) and a 780 nm TM$_{20}$ resonance (\textbf{d}) of the ring resonator, respectively.}
\label{fig5}
\end{center}
\end{figure*}
To test the efficiency of fabricated couplers, we made a photonic circuit consisting of two couplers connected by a short rib waveguide $40\ \mu$m long and aligned them with two tapered fibers, respectively. A wavelength-tunable diode laser is used to provide a few mW power of light to the input fiber and the transmission through the circuit is measured at the output fiber using a photodetector. The tapered fibers are mounted on adjustable holders tilted at an angle $\sim 4\degree$ relative to the plane of chip. The position of the fibers can be adjusted precisely using a set of motorized stages. The alignment of the fiber and released waveguide is achieved combining visual inspection of the fiber via an optical microscope and real-time monitoring of the optical transmission. The average efficiency of the two couplers is characterized by $\bar\eta_t=\sqrt{T}$, where $T$ is the fiber-to-fiber transmission efficiency. We find the result is consistent for repeated alignment and measurement on a same device and also across several devices with the same structure. Fig. \ref{fig4} shows the measured $\bar\eta_t$ of one device for the TM and TE polarized light in the 780 nm and 1550 nm bands.  The coupling efficiency for the 780 nm wavelength light is higher than $55\%$ (i.e. insertion loss of -2.6 dB) for both polarizations, and for the 1550 nm wavelength light it is over $80\%$ (-0.97 dB) for the TM polarization and over $70\%$ (-1.55 dB) for the TE polarization, respectively. One possible reason for the discrepancy between the measured coupling efficiency and the simulation is due to the curled shape of the suspended waveguide (Fig. \ref{fig5}b), which is different from the straight coupler used in the simulation. This could be ameliorated by using shorter couplers, for example, a 16 um long coupler which has similar efficiency as the 24 um long one (Fig. \ref{fig2}c), or only using the section from the tip to the middle of the released waveguide for tapering where it is quite straight.

The demonstrated low-loss fiber-optic couplers are ready to interface with various integrated photonic circuits for exploiting the optical nonlinearity of AlN. As an example, we designed and fabricated a photonic circuit with a ring resonator coupled with both 780 nm and 1550 nm wavelength bus waveguides. Such devices can be used for efficient generation of entangled photon pairs and squeezed light on chips. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of the full device is shown in Fig. \ref{fig5}a. The 780 nm wavelength bus waveguide with a width of 80 nm, curled around the ring resonator to increase the coupling efficiency with the latter, is designed such that its TM$_{00}$ mode is phase-matched with the TM$_{20}$ mode of the ring resonator. The ring resonator itself with 30 $\mu$m radius and 740 nm width is designed so that its 780 nm wavelength TM$_{20}$ mode is phase-matched with the 1550 nm wavelength TM$_{00}$ mode for double-resonance enhanced nonlinear photon interaction.  Both waveguides are terminated with photonic crystal mirrors for measurement of reflected light using a single fiber. Fig.\ref{fig5}c and d show measured TM$_{00}$ and TM$_{20}$ resonances of a ring resonator, with an intrinsic quality factor of about $10^5$ and $0.5\times 10^5$, respectively.

\section{Summary}
In summary, we have demonstrated a highly efficient fiber-to-chip interface in thin-film AlN using adiabatic fiber-optic couplers together with stepwise waveguiding. The measured insertion loss is as low as -0.97 dB and -2.6 dB for the 1550 nm and 780 nm wavelength fundamental TM-like modes, respectively, which provides a solution for low-loss fiber-optic coupling in AlN films with a thickness $\gtrsim300$ nm and $\lesssim1\ \mu$m where grating couplers and end-fire couplers are considerably lossy. The coupling efficiency of the fiber-optic couplers demonstrated here can be further improved by, for example, tuning ICP-RIE process to make narrower waveguides and adjusting the design to take into account of the morphology of the released waveguide. Since for most quantum photonic applications exploiting parametric down conversion, 780 nm wavelength light merely acts as the classical pump while 1550 nm wavelength light contains the useful non-classical correlations, the realized fiber-optic couplers here ensure a strong on-chip pump while minimize the transduction loss of quantum resources. This work will help establishing chipscale entangled photon pairs and squeezed light sources in thin-film AlN with strong $\chi^{(2)}$ nonlinearity.

\bigskip
\noindent\textbf{Funding.} National Science Foundation (NSF) (DMS 18-39177).

\bigskip
\noindent\textbf{Disclosures.} The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


James R. Antonelli, age 66, of Norton, passed away peacefully, in the comfort of his home on Tuesday, January 8, 2019. He was the beloved husband of Yvette M. (Bosworth) Antonelli, to whom he was wed on March 25, 1998.
His funeral, to which relatives and friends are cordially invited to attend, will begin on Saturday, January 19th at 9:30 A.M. from the Norton Memorial Funeral Home, 19 Clapp St. (Off Route 140, Taunton Ave.) Norton followed by a Mass of Christian burial celebrated at 11:00 A.M. in Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church, 984 Taunton Ave. (Route 44) Seekonk. Burial will follow New Westwood Cemetery in Westwood.
Visiting hours will be held on Friday, January 18th from 5:00-8:00 P.M. at the Norton Memorial Funeral Home.


My name is Oluwatobi, Tobi for short. I've been a carer for almost a year now and it's been a fantastic experience. I have catered to and looked after both Male and female with different diagnoses ranging from dementia to Alzheimer. I take pleasure in being a companion and helping those who can't help themselves. I see myself as kind and vibrant and attentive.


An 81-year-old woman fell from her wheelchair while staying at an assisted living facility and was admitted to the hospital for treatment. She was diagnosed with a fractured neck of the left humerus and transferred to a rehabilitation center for continuous rehabilitation.
While at the rehabilitation center, the victim developed a necrotic area to her left heel. After being discharged back to the assisted living facility with a treatment order for wound care, the pressure ulcer became severely infected and she was again admitted to the hospital for wound debridement.
As a result of her injuries and extensive pain, the victim became depressed and lost her appetite. The family hired Rasansky Law Firm to pursue a claim, and we eventually reached an agreement to settle for $590,000.00.


text:
HomeOur ProgramsICE MentorshipMeet the MentorsJean-Paul Pinard (He/Him)
Jean-Paul Pinard (He/Him)
Back to Mentors
Title and Workplace
Partner at Wind Heat North
Province/Territory
Community Energy Planning, Community Engagement, Demand-Side Management (DSM), Electric Vehicles(EVs), Energy Storage, Engineering, Wind
Jean-Paul is a professional engineer and a community wind and renewable energy researcher, consultant, advisor, and advocate. After decades of managing JP Pinard Consulting, Jean-Paul has formalized his partnership with his wife, Sally Wright as Wind Heat North. The company's focus is to empower Northern communities to develop wind as a revenue source for their economic well-being.
Jean-Paul received his bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering at the University of Waterloo and wandered into Whitehorse in 1992. His calling to renewable energy came in 1996, and he returned to university (University of Alberta) to pursue a master's degree and then a PhD on the wind climate of the mountainous Yukon.
He has assessed the wind energy potential in dozens of communities across all three Territories of Northern Canada. Additionally, he has installed and maintained over forty wind monitoring stations over the course of his career. Jean-Paul's vision for the Yukon and Canadian remote communities is to be carbon-free and gain economic wealth from renewables and energy efficiency.
Why do you like mentoring with ICE?
Mentoring with ICE allows me to share my experiences and technical knowledge of wind and renewable energy systems. I want to assist energy champions from northern and other remote Indigenous communities to reduce fossil fuel reliance and generate energy from renewables to meet all of their community needs.
Who would you like to mentor with ICE?
Northern community energy champions with a special interest in wind and thermal storage projects

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The case describes a patient with a pathologically proven, surgically treated 1st trimester hemorrhagic heterotopic pregnancy. Her significant past medical history included a remote tubal ligation followed by tubal re-anastomosis 6 years later. Ultrasound confirmed both intrauterine and ectopic pregnancies. Upon laparoscopy, an actively bleeding, ruptured right-sided tubal ectopic pregnancy was confirmed at the scarred site of tubal re-anastomosis and was subsequently removed.
The color images are available and will be provided in the manuscript.
Why were no color images done? That should have been - one of the diagnostic criteria of ectopic pregnancy.
I forgot to add the US image of the IUP. It is now presented. No color images were taken.
Why no color images shown? Where is the intrauterine pregnancy seen?
Tubal pregnancy on the right? Which image? Should provide color images to show the ring of fire (ideally).
You said ectopic and intrauterine pregnancies but don't see intrauterine pregancy images.


text:
Maryland Family Law and Criminal Defense Attorneys
EMAIL | PHONE | LOCATION
Call 410-280-1700 or 877-871-4036
Harry Trainor Jr.
Leslie Billman
Todd Bennett
Jim Milko
Tom DeGennaro
Alimony Spousal Support
High Asset Vaulation
Prenuptial & Postnuptial
Separation/Uncontested Divorce
Maryland Divorce Articles
Maryland Family Law FAQs
Divorce Guides
Divorce eNewsletter
Alimony/Spousal Support in Maryland
Determining whether one spouse is entitled to alimony (spousal support) – and if so, how much and for how long – can be one of the most frustrating and challenging parts of a divorce. Will you get alimony? Will you have to pay alimony? Our experienced Maryland family lawyers can help clients answer these questions.
Alimony is spousal support paid from one spouse to the other. Normally, it is paid to the recipient on a monthly basis, and may be paid by wage lien or Earnings Withholding Order like child support. Alimony payments terminate upon the death of the payor or recipient, or the remarriage of the recipient (unless specifically provided otherwise).
Tax Law Changes & Impacts on Alimony After January 1, 2019
Recent tax law changes have had significant impact on alimony analysis, agreements, or awards made after January 1, 2019, as the person paying alimony (the payor) has now lost the tax deduction for alimony paid, and alimony is no longer taxable as income for the recipient. Additionally, while Maryland has a set of statutory Guidelines for calculating and determining the amount of child support, there are no such statutory mathematical guidelines or formula for determining alimony.
Alimony is therefore perhaps the most difficult area of Family Law in which to predict a result with any degree of absolute confidence or certainty. The law in Maryland with respect to alimony evolved over time so that a trial judge is vested with an enormous degree of discretion in deciding whether or not to award alimony in a particular case.
This discretion is subject to being exercised in a fairly individualized fashion, so that an alimony award may be quite different, depending on which judge hears the case. To some extent, it can feel like a roulette wheel. However, with the counsel of experienced and skilled family lawyers, the challenges involved and the ranges of potential outcomes are fully discussed and more easily understood, and the best possible case for achieving your objectives can be prepared and put forward.
How is Alimony/Spousal Support Calculated in Maryland?
Alimony may be awarded by the Court, under different standards and test of eligibility, for the following durations of time:
pendente lite alimony, which is a fancy way of saying temporary alimony pending the final divorce hearing;
rehabilitative alimony, which is alimony awarded for a limited and defined duration of time after the granting of divorce; and
permanent or indefinite alimony (essentially a lifetime award of alimony).
Each of these types of alimony have different purpose and different legal and statutory considerations. There are some general trends when it comes to spousal support in Maryland. One trend is away from the tradition of granting one party alimony for life. Now, alimony is more often viewed as a temporary measure to enable the dependent spouse to get the required education and training necessary to improve their own earning potential.
Parties may also reach agreement as to alimony, and the Court is bound by the terms reached by the parties with respect to alimony. The parties may agree that their alimony agreement will not be modifiable by the Court for any reason, or may agree that the agreed upon alimony terms may be modifiable only in very limited or clearly defined circumstances.
Contact our Maryland Alimony Attorneys at Trainor, Billman, Bennett & Milko Today
Given the stated challenges and differing standards and eligibility, it is vitally important to have an attorney experienced and skilled in alimony awards to help you navigate these difficult waters and to assist you in obtaining the best possible outcome for your financial security. At the law firm of Trainor, Billman, Bennett & Milko, LLP, our attorneys are dedicated to helping both payor and payee understand their rights and responsibilities and gauge and protect their interests in divorce cases involving questions of spousal support. Our divorce attorneys, with well over decades of combined family law practice, have extensive experience in helping clients on both sides of the alimony issue pursue fair spousal support determinations through negotiation, mediation, and litigation. Contact us online or call 410-280-1700 to schedule an initial consultation to discuss your alimony/spousal support case at our offices in downtown Annapolis.
Based in Annapolis, Maryland, we serve clients in the Annapolis region and on the Eastern Shore, including Severna Park, Glen Burnie, Greenbelt, Upper Marlboro, Arnold, Edgewater and other communities in Anne Arundel County and Queen Anne's County.
Trainor, Billman, Bennett & Milko, LLP
116 Cathedral Street, Suite E
(Map/Direction)


Lela Rose Spring 2014. Lela Rose just unveiled its Spring 2014 bridal collection and it is breathtaking and angelic.
This gown has a sweetheart neckline and a tight fabric waistband. The soft, sheer fabric of the skirt is stitched in symmetrical angles downward to create a structured design. The variation in the fabrics creates a multi-dimensional pattern.
And speaking of patterns, this gown features fabric that is more modern than traditional lace. The V-neck gown has a top layer of patterned sheer material with large floral designs. The dainty cap sleeves are sheer and waif-like. Underneath is a solid white dress with a sweetheart neckline that flows into an A-line skirt.
This dress is a dream. The top has a sheer, lace boat-neck. It features one drop-sleeve of soft delicate fabric and another off-the-shoulder strap, with ruching covering the bodice. The fabric is gathered at the natural waist and then gracefully hangs down to gather in one direction, with an A-line skirt below. It's an artistic display of classic lines and materials.
This creation features off-the-shoulder straps and is embellished with a panel of sheer fabric and white flower appliques. It's stitched to fit throughout the bodice and flow easily into the skirt. It's simple but the extra added detail is sweet.
Another gown with off-the-shoulder straps looks simple at a glance but after closer examination, presents a structured design. The fabric is clean and the stitching from the top of the bodice down through the skirt is flattering and creative and gives way to a dramatic train.
This gown has an interesting neckline. With the soft rise and fall of the fabric, the layers are gathered and cinched at the natural waist. For variation on the popular peplum skirt, this gown has an asymmetrical top skirt and a long skirt below, all of the same fabric.
This gown has all the elements a girl could love. The top is a sweetheart neckline with generously-adorned lace flower appliques. The softly give way to a long peplum skirt with a clean hemline. This gown is youthful and wistful.
This dramatic dress has a lot of detail. It has a sheer panel at the top with a sweetheart neckline peeking through. It has floral embellishments and swirls of stitching down the entire length of the gown. It's a lovely partnership of timeless and modern design.
This deep V-neck gown is simple and sophistication. It features clean fabric stitched sharply. The gown is cinched at the waist and has a fit-and-flare skirt. The pleated fabric at the top of the dress is mimicked in the train.
We are in love with Lela Rose Spring 2014 Collection. These classy designs are romantic and the perfect way to make a statement, in fashion and in love.


Exhibition showcasing a series of monitor stands ornamented by bas-reliefs made of found 3D models of flowers. The stands are exhibited sitting on tall plinths and left bare – freed from any screen – the ornaments taking over the primary function of the objects. Similarly to Medici vases and their use of this sculptural technique of bas-relief, the materiality of the objects here becomes a tool for 'visual voyage'. Pieces of fabric covered by texts are hanging in the background giving the illusion that the objects are reflecting on their content and their new given purposes.
"The TV stand is an adjustable Frame with metal plates on to which a screen can be bolted. It is a complicated and technical piece of Furniture that must be respected and approached with an understanding of the user's limitations and capabilities. The TV stand can be moved and adjusted to different heights and angles depending on the user's mood, purpose and aesthetic style. We will begin by learning the first steps of how this can be achieved. Allen keys, screwdrivers and hands are all appropriate and necessary tools to use when adjusting a TV stand. It is essential to have free and ready access to all three when interacting with one. There are many bolts on a TV stand which can be wound in by making sure that the hand is on the correct sized allen key or appropriate screwdriver to fit the end of the bolt, and then by locating the head of the tool on the end of the bolt. (Please note that there are many different types of bolt which may demand a different tool). If the tool will not locate to the end of the bolt, it must be replaced and another tool chosen. This process can be repeated until the correct tool is found. Once the hand, the tool and the bolt are all locked into one another, the hand can be turned, which then turns the tool, which then turns the bolt. A clockwise movement is necessary to complete this move. Keep an even and constant pressure on the tool whilst undertaking this task, but remember to loosen the grip slightly when the wrist is unable to turn further, then relocate the tool and continue. If the bolt is wound in too far it will feel tight and become impossible to move. Do not force it to move once this resistance begins. An over tight bolt may cause the TV stand to crack or warp, making it impossible to adjust. Once you understand how to tighten the bolt, the reverse process is straightforward. The hand must begin the movement by twisting now to the left in an anti-clockwise motion. Different bolts on the TV stand will produce different results, so make sure that you familiarise yourself with each one and take the time to practice and understand the way that each behaves. There are many holes in the metal of the TV stand which must be lined up in order to screw in a bolt. This may prove confusing at first, but patience and practice are key here. The benefits of getting to know your TV stand will far outweigh the time spent to do so. Once you become acquainted with these processes, you may move on to Stage Two on which we will discuss possible movements and adjustments to the Frame itself."
"I am a tv stand. Or I was a tv stand. There is no tv resting on my glossy black surface. Ever since screens were squashed, flat packed, wall mounts came in fashion. The lumpy heavy cathode ray no longer the retina of the mind's eye. The liquid crystal display can float. Even carried and held. A rectangular window into that more real world. Once, I was inseparable from the tube. The centre piece of the living room, preciously clad in mahogany. I would be surrounded by a happy family eating TV dinners off of those plastic plates that cup food in four compartments, like in the underside of rolling hills. Now I have been exiled to the garage, awaiting my fate at a yard sale or a bulky collection. I am too tall to rest coffee in front of the sofa, and too short for a lamp on the side. An inconvenient table with soft black curves, lacquered plywood frame, and rectangular shelves that seem limitless in the dim light. Immune to the virus of functionality I have evolved. I am a sculpture. I am art."
"Infinite correspondence / Just what is it that makes today's use of bas relief so different, so appealing?
to have infinite correspondence is to be capable of indefinite extension.
Of forms, containing infinity, entanglement possibility, cooperation.
that might refer us to a state, burgeoning, posthuman.
between a body, an image, another body, image – reflections, correspondences, instruction.
A life, its own. A dancing script.
a generator, though lacking individuality.
In minor – a case of retrieval and recouping, it was said, slowly.
as subjects requiring attention, we volunteer our own to the things made, that require it.
but in utterance. In its possibility to decry our time. In its possibility to have infinite correspondence.
An utterance, in dance, in dialogue is this slowness in action, is this wording in concert with other words.
A slowing to take the time to recoup meaning from the words that signify.
breathing, marked by a counter.
A counter once marked by a deadline on paper, now, on screen, blinking a marker, signifying a time unfamiliar.
but intimate and proximate through our blinking guide.
on display, functioning as a means of commune, communication.
by the dark of the window's frame.
you bear crevices, a cloven hoof, teeth, eggs, a staircase.
a beautiful idea. I bide my time to be held by the perfect image."


"I began studying silversmithing, but soon realized I was drawn to a less precise and more free flowing style. I make each and every piece by hand. The glass is sometimes found glass as in sea glass and some of it is of my own creation.
I feel the appeal of my pieces has more to do with creative design andsleek lines than wire-wrap per se."
Beautiful sweeping loops of silver afixed to a sturdy 18 inch Omega filled with ''Captured Water'' aquamarine glass.
Sterling silver scallop chain with five pieces of Captured Water aquamarine glass ending with lobster clasp. Mini matching earrings.
Sailboat made from three contrasting pieces of beachglass. Choker sold separately.
Sailboats made of three contrasting pieces of beachglass wrapped in sterling silver. Several colors from which to choose.
Large beachglass pendant with starfish charm wrapped in sterling silver. Choker not included.
Large beachglass pendant with clam shell charm wrapped in sterling silver. Choker not included.
Large beachglass Pendant with two contrasting colors wrapped in sterling silver with freshwater pearl. Choker not included.
Captured Water aquamarine glass pendant wrapped in sterling silver with freshwater pearl. Curly choker included.


Many people are considering taking a GAP year before or between studies, and the various vacancies for volunteer roles in Camphill offer unique possibilities for such an experience. The feedback from people that have taken a GAP year in Camphill is generally positive and sometimes life-changing, even if it can be intensive and tiring at times. Many students who are considering a career in this field are finding the experience extremely usefull in order to assess their own strenghts and weeknesses in this area and develop their skills and proffessional knowledge.
In some countries there are recognised governement sponsered programes such as FSJ or a "Freiwilliges Soziales Jahr" in Germany. In order to acces these programmes individuals will need to find a sponsoring partnership organisation, such as "Freunde der Erziehungskunst" in order to register. We will collaborate with such organisations,who also provide training, seminars and evaluations. If you wish to pursue this route and people in our communities will give you advise around different options or organisations available.Some such organisations will charge a fee for these services. Please note that you can also apply without such organisatiuons should you wish, however in the case of students who are dependants and whose families are claiming child benefit, it may not be possible to do so without a partnership organisation.


There is currently a Full Frame digital sensor being developed by Sony. Or more precisely, Sony currently works on a 24 mega-pixel technology in the Full Frame form factor (FX in the Nikon local language) and the two applications actually forecast are at Nikon for building the Nikon D800 and at Sony for the successor of the Alpha 850 and Alpha 900 (the name has certainly not been fixed right now). I'm told that there is also another brand talking to Sony right now about the opportunity to share this technology (another 24 MP in Full Frame clothes).
For the time being, it seems that (faithful to the Nikon tradition- the Sony digital sensor will be modified according to the needs of the yellow brand. It's true that Nikon is never perfectly satisfied with what Sony offers in terms of sensors (but that the sensor core does not change, justifying completely the "same sensor as…" mention often repeated in the past around this issue) but that Nikon does not totally share the intensity of the Sony commitment for video in this part (the high-end) of the camera range.
Right now, Sony works to optimize the digital sensor sensitivity (given a Full Frame surface size, they try to bring the best image quality, the lowest digital noise and the highest ISO sensitivity). According to the data we got here, the cameras based upon this new digital sensor would be announced at the end of Summer 2011 with availability in the last quarter of 2011.


text:
Q: Two-way data binding objects I used an application recently that was awe-inspiring. All the forms inherited from their own classes and a 'form' came with an amazing amount of functionality and looked the nuts.
What I'm interested in is this 'feature' of the form. This was a C# WinForms project and blew me away.
The forms were bound to objects that the group had written to support two-way data binding (to an extent). The way they behaved was pretty simple:
The data input forms all had controls that inherited from textbox and these were bound to properties of an object, Entering data immediately validated it and the box was a light pink if validation failed and a light green if it passed. If the box ever turns blue this actually means the value in the database the form is bound to has changed and your changes to the controls were immediately saved when valid values entered. It was the case that sometimes a section of controls had to be filled before a save occured. But it was all automatic. You could stop at any point and come back later and continue without actually saving yourself.
And like I say if someone else is editing the same record values they change caused your textboxes to become blue and you knew you needed to reload the screen to see up to date information.
All of this came from using their own form class they had written and their  own textbox controls bound to an objects property.
I'm mainly wondering how the hell did the object figure out the value had been changed by someone else. It surely isn't polling the database. This system was amazing. The brilliance didn't stop there.
For simplicity. How might I create an object or collection of objects to mimic the bahaviour. I'm not going to but I can't even see how.
Thanks

A: I'm pretty sure that anything involving other people's changes would have needed to hit the database. For two-way binding, all you really need is change notification - i.e. INotifyPropertyChanged (or a FooChanged event for every Foo property). This is all abstracted into TypeDescriptor - i.e. any binding that uses the regular PropertyDescriptor implementation (which it should) will know about notifications via SupportsChangeEvents, AddValueChanged and RemoveValueChanged.
For validation - IDataErrorInfo is your friend; by implementing this, you can volunteer validation information (which is used and displayed by several controls, such as DataGridView). i.e.
IDataErrorInfo dei = obj as IDataErrorInfo;
if(dei != null) { // supports validation
   string err = dei["PropName"]; // or .Error for overall status
   bool clean = string.IsNullOrEmpty(err);
}

Note that an alternative approach would be to have a Color property on the data aobject,  and bind that directly to the textbox etc.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Gianicolense är Roms tolfte quartiere och har beteckningen Q. XII. I folkmun kallas det Monte Verde. Namnet Gianicolense kommer av Gianicolo (Janiculum).

Kyrkobyggnader
 Santa Maria del Carmine e San Giuseppe al Casaletto, Via del Casaletto
 San Pancrazio, Piazza di San Pancrazio
 Santa Giuliana Falconieri, Piazza Francesco Cucchi
 Santa Maria della Consolazione a Piazza Ottavilla, Piazza Ottavilla
 Santa Maria Regina Pacis, Via Anton Giulio Barrili
 Cappella del Preziosissimo Sangue, Via Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi
 Trasfigurazione di Nostro Signore Gesù Cristo, Piazza della Trasfigurazione
 Santa Maria Madre della Provvidenza, Via di Donna Olimpia
 Santi Francesco e Caterina Patroni d'Italia, Circonvallazione Gianicolense
 Cappella di Santa Teresa, Via Vincenzo Monti
 Nostra Signora de La Salette, Piazza Madonna della Salette
 Cappella di Santa Maria della Provvidenza, Via della Nocetta
 San Giulio, Via Francesco Maidalchini
 San Damaso, Largo di San Vincenzo de Paoli
 Nostra Signora di Coromoto, Largo Nostra Signora di Coromoto
 San Francesco di Sales a Via Portuense, Via Portuense

Bilder

Källor

Noter

Externa länkar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Uptick: It is a term which refers to new price quotation which is for higher price compared to previous quote.
Uptick Rule: It is one form of regulation according to which a forex trader can not sell securities if trade before such short sale was not for a lower price than the current short sale price.
Prime Rate: This is the interest rate for which a bank lends to its corporate customers.
Value Date: Value date is date when counterparts in any financial transaction consent on settlement of their individual obligations such as exchanging payments. In case of spot transactions normally value date is 2 days forward and is also known as maturity date.
Variation Margin: This is the amount of funds forex broker has to request from his or her clients for depositing the necessary margin. Variation margin normally indicates the extra funds that are to be deposited because of price movements which are not favorable.
Volatility: It is one method for measuring price fluctuations. In a price series the standard deviation is the frequently utilized medium for measuring price volatility.
Volume: It means the net amount of forex trading taking place in any stock, index or commodity in a day. The volume also refers to total contracts that are traded in a day.
Weak or Strong Dollar: Dollar would be weak compared to other currency if more dollars are needed for buying another currency. On the opposite, it is strong when fewer dollars will be needed for buying some other currency.
Whipsaw: It refers to a situation where the market is quite volatile and sharp movements in price are followed by similar sharp reversals.
Yield: This term means the return gained on the capital investment made.
Ask Rate: Ask rate means the lowest price that can be agreed upon for sale, like ask/bid spread in a forex market.
Limit Entry Order: The terms limit entry order is a form of order where buying takes place below market level and sale occurs above market level.
Lot: Lot is a term which indicates any transaction standard size and 1 standard lot is equivalent to 100,000 base currency units and if it mini account then it is equal to 10,000 units.
Margin Call: It is a necessity put forward by the forex broker (such as 4XFX) for depositing extra funds for maintaining open position in the market. A few times margin call means the position will be closed if there are fewer funds in the deposit. Such a measure by the broker insures that investor does not incur any more losses or even worse, have debit balance in the account.
The above details must have helped you in developing a broad idea of how the forex market functions and the things you need to know about before entering any day trading activity.


text:
Personal Theories & Alternative Ideas
Super-speed Fiber optic computer
Thread: Super-speed Fiber optic computer
#1 Super-speed Fiber optic computer
21st Centurion
My understanding is that computers work off the principle of binary code being transmitted through electric currents. Computers are incredibly fast at deciphering this code considering that it consists of only on and off pulses, and therefor takes hundreds of pulses to even type this sentence. Imagine if instead of using electricity, computers used light. I mean light as in the gigantic portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Instead of "1001011100" the pulse would say "28% blue 42% green 30% red". You could program a computer to interpret one color as a command instead of a huge string of data!
Please offer any elaboration or constructive criticism of my proposal you may have.
Why is it so much faster
land lines phones
Solar Generator take 2
Optic fiber
help with carbon fiber
Optic Fibre Cables
Optical fibres
ELECTRICAL Conductivity Help
MagiMaster
Computers don't decode binary. They use binary in everything they do and only translate that into other things for our benefit.
But scientists are working on light computers. The increase in transmission speeds (electrons in wires are slow) is the big gain to be had there. While it may be possible to superimpose various colors of photons to increase the bandwidth further, it'll still be binary in the end. Either there's a photon or there isn't. (Colors don't actually work that way anyway. RGB is only used by your monitor because you eye has red, green and blue receptors.)
Hmmm... There are people out there smarter than my science teacher -_- How about titanium superconductors? There are some of those that offer minuscule to no electron resistance. That would be faster (if not economically available). It still wouldn't be as awesome as GLaDOS the rainbow computer.
AFAIK titanium isn't a superconductor. The problem with superconductors is that so far all of them need to be cooled to extremely low temperatures to work. Too cold to be useful in everyday stuff. That, and the electrons in a superconductor don't travel any faster. They are useful though as they don't have any resistance, so they don't have nearly as much heat build up, for example.
I never said titanium was a superconductor ( I must have thought of niobium titanium). There are indeed superconductors with almost no electrical resistance. BTW, not all superconductors conduct heat, some are electrical.
Last edited by 21st Centurion; May 17th, 2014 at 11:19 PM.
I have no idea what you're talking about. All superconductors conduct electricity and all require supercooling to superconduct. (Niobium-titanium in particular requires temperatures below -443 F.) And the heat generated by electrons flowing through a wire is one of the big reasons why superconductors are so interesting. Without that resistance, heat and the associated issues go away.
geordief
Why isn't there a superconducting computer on the Space Station if they have extremely low temperatures on the outside of the hull ?
Also there would be no need to make it small as there is no gravity and there is all the room they could wish for (it could be a cubic kilometre in volume if it was in the shade couldn't it?
Is copper also superconducting at very low temperatures?
No, copper isn't a superconductor (from what I can find). And outside the space station is only cold when it isn't in the sun. Even then, the heat from the crew and on board systems will make things warmer than what you'd expect. (Heat management is a big issue in space since the only way to lose heat is by radiation.)
And they'd still need to make it small since it costs huge amounts of money to lift things in to space. (About a thousand dollars per pound using the newest launchers.)
I could be wrong but I thought all metals were superconducting at a low enough temperature.(if they aren't all might there be a cheap metal that was - until graphene wires come on stream !)
When I said it could be large I just meant there would be no need to miniaturize and could use as much volume as required -that mightn't mean extra weight.
Ye I suppose proximity to the Space Station would be a problem but couldn't you just build a "fence" to shield the sun's rays at a far enough distance from the actual Space Station?(1 kilometre?) and put the computer there to perform its calculations?
I suppose you could capture the results with wifi or some kind of optical beam perhaps.
Please don't ruin my dream!!!
A superconducting computer would actually be easier to deal with on the ground where you could build a giant refrigeration plant next door (and, say, dump all the excess heat into the ocean or something). In space, there's just no where for heat to go, so it tends to build up.
Superconducting computers are being looked at, if for no other reason than that they overlap a lot with quantum computers, which also need to be supercooled (for a slightly different reason). What everyone is hoping/looking for is a room temperature superconductor (and similarly, a way to maintain a quantum superposition at room temperature).
« Hyperadapting organism | BlackHole/White Hole Propositional Theories »
Fibre Optic particle accelerator
By Aristarchus in Exile in forum Pseudoscience
By marcusclayman in forum Biology
By Anu in forum Electrical and Electronics
Last Post: April 29th, 2009, 08:19 AM
Is LHC The Super Collider Or The Super Dud
By kkawohl in forum Scientific Study of Religion
SAUCER SCIENCE 01 PHOTONIC AND QUANTUM OPTIC
By 00 SAUCER-SCIENCE in forum Pseudoscience
Last Post: July 3rd, 2005, 04:58 PM


text:
package org.cinnamon.core.web.controller;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/configuration/email")
public class EmailController extends BasePageController {
	private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

	@RequestMapping(value="**")
	String index() {
		logger.info("start");
		return "redirect:email/servers";
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Bank of England's surprising governors
By Ian King, business presenter
Thursday 25 April 2019 17:35, UK
Image: Gordon Richardson's background as a merchant banker made him a surprise choice
The appointment of the governor of the Bank of England has thrown up a fair few surprises over the years.
It was certainly unexpected when the current incumbent, Mark Carney, was appointed by the then chancellor George Osborne in 2012.
Mr Carney, who at the time was governor of the Bank of Canada, had denied several times that he was even a candidate for the job.
Image: Mark Carney denied several times that he was a candidate for the role
When the Financial Times reported that he was a possible contender, in April 2012, Mr Carney told a news conference in Ottawa: "The report is not accurate."
Mr Carney followed that up in August that year with a TV interview in which, when asked whether he was saying "no" or "never" to the job, he replied: "It's both, it's both. How's that?"
So it was a huge surprise when, in November that year, his appointment was announced by Mr Osborne.
The City and the bookies had assumed Paul Tucker, the Bank's deputy governor, would get the job.
Image: Mervyn King was seen as the obvious choice when he was appointed
There was little surprise with the appointment of Mr Carney's immediate predecessor.
Mervyn King, governor from 2003 to 2013, was one of two deputy governors at the time and seen as the obvious choice.
It is thought that Gordon Brown, the then chancellor, would have liked there to have been more of a competition for the job - especially given his habit of taking his time over big decisions.
However, with the UK economy growing less slowly than expected and concerns starting to mount about the strength of the public finances, Mr Brown was relatively quick to make the appointment - particularly once rumours began circulating Mr King, now Lord King of Lothbury, was in the running to become director of the London School of Economics.
No rival had the opportunity to get a bandwagon running in their favour.
Like Lord King, Eddie George, the governor from 1993 to 2003, was also the odds-on favourite with the bookies to be appointed.
He was the only deputy governor at the time of his appointment and was hugely respected for his inflation-fighting credentials - in those days, interest rates were set by the Treasury, not the Bank - and for his vast experience in financial markets.
Image: Eddie George shared a south London background with John Major
His warm personal relationship with the then Prime Minister John Major - both were south London boys from working class families - also helped.
Perhaps the biggest shock of recent times came when, just before Christmas in 1982, Robin Leigh-Pemberton was appointed governor by Margaret Thatcher.
The appointment was made during the parliamentary recess and nor was it known that an appointment was imminent.
The new governor's background also raised eyebrows.
A Kent landowner, Mr Leigh-Pemberton - who later became Lord Kingsdown - was a barrister by profession, before becoming chairman of National Westminster Bank in 1977.
He had no central banking experience.
Image: Robin Leigh-Pemberton's appointment infuriated the Labour Party - and the Financial Times
Most controversial of all was that he had also been a Conservative Party activist at a local level.
The Labour Party was furious, as was the Financial Times, which thundered: "It is surprising and regrettable that Mrs Thatcher should have opted for the candidate whose experience of banking, and more particularly of international financial relations, was least extensive."
Ironically, though, Lord Kingsdown turned out not to be the "Thatcher's poodle" many in the City and in Westminster assumed he would be at the time of his appointment.
He turned out to be fiercely independent.
Also surprising, but not nearly as controversial, was the appointment of Gordon Richardson in 1973 because of his background as a merchant banker.
The controversial tenure in Threadneedle Street between 1961 and 1966 of Lord Cromer, who clashed repeatedly with Harold Wilson after the latter's election in 1964, led many in Westminster and the City to argue that never again should a merchant banker become governor.
Lord Richardson, as he became, was also to suffer clashes with prime ministers during his decade in office.
His poor relationship with Mrs Thatcher led to her turning down his offer to serve a third five-year term.
The race to succeed Mr Carney looks to be one of the more open ones in the Bank's history. Here are a dozen of the likeliest candidates.
Current job: Chief executive, Financial Conduct Authority
Why might he get the job? Knows the Bank inside out after 31 years of working there in a wide range of roles. Hugely respected in the City and in financial markets for his work, in particular, as the first chief executive of the Prudential Regulation Authority from 2013-2016.
Why might he not? Had Mr Carney stepped down in June 2018, as had been the plan before the Brexit vote, Mr Bailey would have almost certainly been his successor. But the lapse in time has highlighted some financial scandals that have hurt consumers, and some happened on his watch at the FCA.
Current job: Deputy governor, Bank of England, responsible for monetary policy
Why might he get the job? Has worked in both the commercial sector - for Goldman Sachs - as well as in the public sector.
Why might he not? Little management experience and some wonder whether he actually wants the job. His use of the term "menopausal" to describe the economy last year may be held against him.
Current job: Deputy governor, Bank of England, responsible for financial stability
Why might he get the job? Experienced public servant, who worked with distinction in HM Treasury, he knows Whitehall and Westminster well. Also won plaudits as Britain's permanent representative at the EU.
Why might he not? His age may count against him - he would be 73 by the end of his term in office.
Current job: Professor of finance, Chicago Booth School of Business
Why might he get the job? As a distinguished former governor of the Reserve Bank of India and former chief economist at the International Monetary Fund, he has the heavy-hitting international reputation that Philip Hammond, the chancellor, is said to be seeking.
Why might he not? It is not clear whether he actually wants the job. The appointment of a second consecutive non-UK national as governor might not go down well in some circles.
Current job: Non-executive chair, Santander UK
Why might she get the job? Has extensive experience as an investment banker with UBS and around the boardrooms of some of the world's biggest companies as well as ministerial experience in the last Labour government. The candidate with the most experience in the private sector.
Why not? Her close ties to Gordon Brown down the years - she has previously been dubbed "Brown's brain" - may be held against her.
Current job: Chief executive, Ofcom
Why might she get the job? She has probably been the most effective chief executive Ofcom has had. Her work there follows distinguished service at HM Treasury and in other Whitehall departments.
Why might she not? Said to be enjoying her current job.
Current job: Chief economist and director of monetary analysis, Bank of England
Why might he get the job? An original thinker whose prolific writing and research, along with his willingness to challenge convention, has won him many admirers
Why might he not? Has made the odd gaffe, notably in 2016, when he appeared to recommend buying property, rather than saving in a pension, to fund retirement. May suffer from the commonplace City view that he'd have a better chance if John McDonnell, not Mr Hammond, was making the choice.
Current job: Director, London School of Economics
Why might she get the job? A former deputy governor of the Bank, she is regarded highly in academic circles and for her work at the World Bank.
Why might she not? Said to be happy in her current job.
Current job: Deputy governor, Bank of England, markets and banking
Why might he get the job? Vast experience in public service has been largely in and around HM Treasury.
Why might he not? Has probably not been at the Bank long enough to cement his reputation there.
Current job: Deputy governor, Bank of England, prudential regulation
Why might he get the job? Combines extensive public sector experience in HM Treasury and at the Bank with private sector experience at Diageo and McKinsey.
Why might he not? His relative youth may be held against him; eight years from now, he will be a stronger candidate still.
Current job: Non-executive chair, Legal & General
Why might he get the job? Extensive experience at HM Treasury and in the private sector with BP and Rothschild. Recent report for the department of business in reforming the audit industry was highly praised.
Why might he not? Unclear whether he wants the job.
Current job: Executive director, Bank of England, financial stability, strategy and risk
Why might he get the job? Bank lifer whose profile has been steadily rising; work delivering some of Mr Carney's reforms would make him one of the continuity candidates.
Why might he not? No private sector experience; too young.
Close caption


Ahead of Peterborough Nigel Clough said he wanted to 'blow open' the automatic promotion race, two-goals in the final minutes to beat us wasn't in the script!
Alas we go again on Saturday when Fleetwood come to Bramall Lane.
New arrival from Blackpool, Steven Davies, is set to come in for an instant debut after Clough was finally able to secure his signature having snapped him up on loan until the end of the season from Blackpool.
Jose Baxter (suspension) is also back having served his three-match ban for a sending off but Ryan Flynn (hamstring) looks set to miss out again.
Fleetwood can call upon Antoni Sarcevic and Stephen Crainey (both suspension) with new signing Akil Wright possibly coming into the squad.


Writer Lee Smith's memoir tells of her childhood growing up in a small West Virginia coal town. She deals with a schizophrenic mother, and later, as an adult, a mentally ill son. Her calling as a writer gives her the strength to deal with her life's challenges in this compelling tale.


Alhaji Abdul Salam Amadu, The CEO of Afro Arab Group of Companies has been shortlisted amongst others under the 40 under 40 Awards, organized annually in Ghana by XODUS Communications. The 40 under 40 Awards scheme is to identify, honour and celebrate a cross-section of the nation's most influential and accomplished young business leaders under the age forty from a wide range of industries, who are committed to business growth, professional excellence and community service and have risen up the ranks of their companies or industries at a relatively young.
Alhaji Abdul Salamu was nominated in the Banking and Finance category amidst Dr. Kwabena Duffour II (Unibank Ghana Limited), Dr. Nii Kotei Dzani (Groupe Ideal), Mr. Philip Oti-Mensah (Omni Bank Ghana Limited) and six others who are all canvassing for votes to emerge the winner of the coveted award.
Alhaji Abdul Salamu Amadu is a Ghanaian by birth born and raised in a family of less educated brothers and sisters whose understanding of businesses was mainly through Forex transactions and general merchandising with no formal structures or professionalism. Alhaji Salamu surrounded by these businesses structures challenged himself to transform and expand the ideology into a much yielding empire. In 2007, He broke away from the family business and started his own company, Afro- Arab Company Limited which was mostly in the Transport Industry (Haulage), as time went by he ventured into real estate under the same name and further expanded into Micro finance to support businesses in his community and Ghana as a whole.
Today the brand Afro Arab under the Leadership of Alhaji Abdul Salamu Amadu can currently boast of six formal businesses thriving and growing; Afro-Arab Micro Finance Co. Ltd, Afro-Arab Travel & Tour, Afro-Arab Properties Ltd, Afro-Arab Co. Ltd, Soccer Time Africa , Afro-Arab Mining and Jewellery Co. Ltd and Elecafetelero Ghana Limited.
As a young leader Alhaji Abdul Salamu Amadu is passionate about youth success and development. This he has shown through his insurmountable contribution and influence in community and business development; from his endorsements, partnerships and philanthropy towards youth led initiatives. To show his commitment towards that drive, Alhaji Abdul Salamu Amadu has supported the creation of an Opportunity Center (Yaa Saalam Opportunity Center) where anyone can walk in and benefit from consultancy services and partnerships among others. Additionally community groups are always welcome to use his conference room to their gain. Alhaji Abdul Salamu Amadu is a beacon and an inspiration to most youth especially Muslims, that business thrives through determination, focus and grits.
Who else deserve an award other than Alhaji Abdul Salamu Amadu? To vote Alhaji Abdul Salam Amadu to win, please type U40 (space) BF (space) Alhaji Abdul Salam Amadu and send to 1446. Note you can vote as many possible.


Really sensitive skin? Then you need pure soap. Extra virgin olive oil is what gives these bars that greenish-yellow tint. No fragrance, no colorants. Just soap. Enjoy bathing again!
These bars weigh 1.45 ounces each.
Ingredients: extra virgin olive oil, distilled water, lye (sodium hydroxide), potash (potassium hydroxide), sugar. This soap does not contain any fragrances or colorants.
I have ordered this soap multiple times, and I absolutely love it. I have severe coconut and derivative allergies and this soap leaves your skin feeling and smelling clean. I would absolutely recommend this soap to anyone suffering with coconut allergies.


Logan Freeman was crowned as Miss Capital City 2017 on March 4, 2017 at The Clayton Center in Clayton, North Carolina. Logan proudly promotes her platform of Volunteerism. Be sure to like and follow Logan's year of service by connecting on Facebook at Miss Capital City 2017 – Logan Freeman.
Ahnna Chay was crowned as Miss Clayton's Outstanding Teen 2017 on March 4, 2017 at The Clayton Center in Clayton, North Carolina. Ahnna proudly promotes her platform Gendercide Awareness. Be sure to like and follow Ahnna's year of service by connecting on Facebook at Miss Clayton's Outstanding Teen 2017 – Ahnna Chay.
At the 2017 Miss Capital City and Miss Clayton Scholarship Pageant, Beth Knox, Executive Director of the Miss North Carolina Pageant presented the Miss North Carolina Heart of Service Award to Miss Clayton 2016, Ashtin Gill. The award was presented by last year's Heart of Service Award recipient, Comfort Johnson.
Get the latest updates and ticket information for the Miss Clayton & Miss Capital City 2017 Scholarship Pageant by clicking here.
Congrats to Cat White, Miss Clayton's Outstanding Teen 2016, your new MNCOTeen!
March 5, 2016 Raffle – Get your tickets now!


The first point I want to make is that I think blogs meant to serve a community require the same careful and nuanced thinking about what parameters and practices foster inclusive community as the scholarship that philosophers engage in about community requires. I've been thinking deeply about inclusive community for almost two decades. I have two points of departure. From Aristotle, I think we learn that community following a certain notion of nature has to remain concerned with what its purpose is and whether it is achieving its end in order to actually achieve it. This purpose is evidenced by who it includes. Aristotle counsels communities to be more just and more stable by being more inclusive. Who a community includes tells you what goals the community pursues and what it thinks is just. Who posts on a blog, whose other posts are linked to, who posts regularly in comment sections, these things tell you what goals the community pursues and what it thinks is just.
But we all know that inclusivity can be a liberal watchword that can be drag on the road toward justice rather than an accelerant. It is used by those who have historically been centered in conversations when others are permitted into the conversation and they are no longer the only ones permitted to speak. It is used by so-called free speech advocates who want their tired and unsubstantiated views to get platforms when it is rejected from traditional academic avenues. For this reason, a project in a white supremacist capitalist heteronormative patriarchy that thinks inclusion means that every person numerically should be given equal voice will end up reproducing the white supremacist capitalist heteronormative patriarchy. We know that projects of inclusion or universality that universalize from the position of power end up producing exclusion and centering those who are in power. I find useful Alain Badiou's account of universalizing from the position of the excluded as a productive alternative to liberalism's approach. Badiou describes the political subject as the universal that is formed from the eruption of the previously excluded onto the stage. The subject formed out of fidelity to this appearance of what was excluded is the universal political that is universal not from the point of view of the centered subject against which everyone else is measured, but from the point of view of the excluded. Inclusion is not based on the extent to which one measures up to the historically centered but on the extent to which excluding differences become equal to other differences in the process of being faithful to the universality formed out of, among and between the previously excluded.
In my view, all communities – from blog communities to professional societies — that really want to include those who are historically marginalized have to actively work from the position of the excluded to achieve these ends rather than supposing that every position can have equal representation. If it does not recognize and consider the differences in power in those it decides to platform, it will not be successfully inclusive.
In what follows, I want to discuss some specific ways that I think this needs to be considered in online communities.
Community-owned and run blogs need to be the central focus of our blogging engagement.
I understand that there are people in philosophy and in the academy who think that what happens online does not matter for our professional lives. These people are wrong. Perhaps it is because what was happening online in philosophy fifteen years or so ago was treated as not mattering that individual bloggers gained inordinate influence in ways that by all rights have harmed the field. It isn't just philosophers. We somehow let private social media companies become our way of socially engaging online and getting our news as if this was the necessary and only possible way that things could be. Lately people have suggested that Facebook and Twitter need to be treated as public utilities. They make the case that Facebook and Twitter are only going to serve the community interest if they are publicly owned and controlled. As it is, social media is incentivized by advertisers not by the needs of the users.
The same thing could be said of community blogs. If we really want to end online harassment in philosophy and create environments that reflect the interests of the whole community – which I know we are still contesting what those interests are and whether they are shared – then we need to focus attention and efforts on community-run and field-wide blogs. Only such blogs can ignore the need to drive traffic and thus resist the lure of the controversial posts that attract attention. Only such community projects can resist posts that draw in traffic and do real harm by discussing experiences and identities of marginalized groups in philosophically abstract and distant tones as if people's lives are puzzles. The APA blog is well-situated to be the public sphere that is unencumbered by these incentives that depart from public interest. SPEP would similarly be well-situated to host such a blog. If it wants to offer a platform for showcasing and publicizing the work of its membership, a place for considering and addressing concerns within the membership, and a stage for speaking to the public beyond the society, SPEP should be doing this work.
I have to give it to people who do commenting moderation. It is not easy. The default seems to be to accept comments unless there is a reason not to accept them, but I wonder what moderating might look like if we asked instead whether a comment furthered the conversation or not in deciding whether to approve it. We know that some people—professional philosophers and amateurs—come to philosophy blogs to spout off on their personal hobby horse. There is a person who I regularly see on the blog circuit who in every comment offers advice to people engaged in diversity projects, telling such people that they need to do better what they are suggesting has been difficult to achieve. This person is clearly not contributing to a conversation. He is berating people. His presence on blog comment sections serves only to drive away other commenters. Of course, this strategy requires a moderator with a keen sense of what the community's goals are and its sense of what it aims to achieve. Just including everyone in the manner I discuss above will leave comment sections overrun by the guy explaining diversity efforts to Black women philosophy professors. Moderating well with this notion in mind leads to my third point.
We are holding this panel because philosophy has an online harassment problem. My colleagues on this panel are addressing personal experiences of online harassment that involve death threats and attacks on their livelihood. I want to talk about the philosophy online harassment problem that is trolling. If you are a philosopher and you spend any time online you know that online philosophy has a trolling problem. I want to suggest that online philosophy has a trolling problem because philosophy practiced as a professional discipline has a trolling problem.
Consider this list of trolling strategies (culled in part from here) and see if any of them are distinguishable from common tactics philosophers use in argument, in Q&As, in seminar room discussions.
Moving the goal posts. Continuously asking for more and more evidence for a new point that was not the original point under discussion.
Concern trolls or pseudo-concern trolls. A concern troll might be on your side but raises issues that someone on the other side of the debate might have. A pseudo-concern troll pretends to be on your side raising issues from the other side but really is on the other side trying to derail the genuine discussion. Most concern trolls are pseudo-concern trolls.
Never-Give-Up-Never-Surrender Trolling: The not-going-to-let-it-go approach to trolling.
Agenda trolling. Everything remotely related to their pet project becomes an opportunity to remind people of their position.
Frost trolling: Socially inept person that either does not or pretends not to be able to understand meaning of criticism.
Just-Don't-Get-It Trolling who requires you to keep explaining.
What I suggest by raising these examples is that I think you could walk around at a philosophy conference and point out how various interventions match one form of trolling or another. The point is that philosophy will be a place of online harassment and online trolling as long as philosophy treats these as reasonable ways to engage with one another. The troll is the contemporary sophist, concerned with winning rather than coming to new understanding. What happens when the troll-sophist just looks like what we now call a philosopher? What are the conditions that motivate professional philosophers to troll rather than converse?
One thing I think that makes trolls trolls instead of genuine commenters is that they have very little at stake in the conversation – to them, it is a game. I wonder if this says something about those who think of philosophy as a game rather than an earnest effort to engage the world, to understand it in order to change it. Trolls have no interest in the change. I think the best thing philosophy could do to change online harassment then would be to change the professional world of philosophy. One of the difficulties with changing things is that people tend to suppose there are two responses to trolls, neither of which are good for philosophy. One is to do what conventional wisdom suggests we do with internet trolls: not feed them. Not feeding the trolls means not responding to them, ignoring, blocking where possible. The other response is to ignore that the behavior is trolling: many bad actors in philosophy are very much fed and even promoted for this troll-like behavior. That's not good. But not feeding them in the sense of ignoring them is not sufficient either. When we treat internet trolls and professional philosopher trolls as ignorable, we are saying that we can bear to ignore them. Until we can't. Or while others cannot. I think then we should take seriously the view that not feeding the trolls is bad for the internet and bad for philosophy. Our impulse to ignore the trolls or to ignore that the behavior is trolling gets at the ways that even if we suggest otherwise, our philosophical sentiments tend toward the classically liberal, they tend toward the view that everyone has a right to speak, and that every forum is for everyone, that every question deserves a hearing. As long as we think this way, philosophy and the philosoblogosphere will be overrun with trolls.
Hello, and thanks for posting this. There's a lot here to digest, but I'm going to push back on a point.
It concerns the "it's a game for you" take – which one sees a lot, especially in debates between trans folks and some feminists. I don't know what the game-metaphor is doing here (except being pejorative). It could be that one means that the interlocutor is getting enjoyment out of the discussion (as one would with game-playing), and that that's bad. But it doesn't seem bad. In fact I'd hope for all philosophers that they get some enjoyment, at least some of the time, from the intellectual challenge that is doing philosophy. Surely, it's part of the reason people become philosophers in the first place.
Perhaps the metaphor is a claim that the interlocutor isn't taking the discussion seriously – that the discussion, for them, is a frivolity, and that such matters should not bet treated this way. To this I want to ask why that matters. Why should we care, or even speculate, as to whether or not our interlocutors are taking the matter seriously? It should be enough to look at what they say about the issue. If they are being pedantic, that might be evidence that they are being frivolous. But their comments should be ignored, simply because they are pedantic – not because of some attitude they take (even if such attitudes were reliably divinable). If the point is a good one, what matter the motivation for it?
The upshot of the point is that the "it's game for you" complaint looks like an attempt at immunization from critique. This also seems to be the motivation for characterizing "concern troll" as someone who is on your side but brings up points the "other side" might make. When, if ever, can critique be taken seriously, if it can't be taken from those on your side?!
Anyway, I have other worries – not least the seemingly conflating of "x, on one metric, is a member of a historically powerful and repressive group" with "x's being allowed to comment reinforces the repressive power of that group". That seems, at the least, a fallacy of division. But I've gone on long enough.
Thanks again for the provocative comments.
The "it's a game" comment means that people are playing with ideas and arguments as if they have no real world impact on people's lives. People who can do this are those for whom the "game" has no consequences. But it ignores that arguments do have consequences for people. Especially in a time when philosophy is trying to become more publicly relevant and public officials reference philosophers to legitimate policy this "game" can have real life implications in policy, though it also have real life implications because ways of thinking and talking about the world and about others affect how we live in the world and treat others.
I am not saying that a person of a certain group being allowed to comment makes the comment section for that person. I am saying that person being allowed to comment in such a way that evidences that they are there to explain or dismiss especially when the discussion is about issues like diversity and the people speaking are from historically marginalized groups rather than to take seriously makes the comment section for those people rather than for those that posts are written by or for those whose inclusion is under discussion.
Thank you very much for the thoughtful reply.
To be sure, there are people who have much less skin in the game than their interlocutors. The question, though, is why this merits their being labeled a troll – which is levied as a way to discredit what they're saying, or as a factor in determining whether they should even be allowed to participate.
Again, I don't know what it means to say one is treating the discussion as not having real world consequences. Perhaps you mean that philosophers should not publicly oppose policies (and related issues) that are advocated by oppressed people for the lifting of their oppression. Surely, that depends the nature of the policy. One might agree that the policy would be emancipatory for one group, but hurtful to another in a way that is unjust. Is publicly stating that trollish? Does one need to face the consequences, personally, of one policy or another, to make the point publicly? Why, if you're right about the policy?
Maybe you mean that challenging the views of oppressed people does them some sort of epistemic injustice, and you shouldn't ignore that consequence. Perhaps you have a very strong standpoint view, such that oppressed people not only have unique epistemic access to the nature of their oppression, but also unique access to the just remedies. The latter is of serious dispute, and there's a least a prima facie reason to think that being personally vested interferes in one's ability to assess the aptness of a policy in its totality.
Maybe you mean that some philosophical views are so deeply held, so personal, that the mere suggestion of that view's being false is too hurtful. Obviously, one should tread carefully and thoughtfully in such discussions. But there are limits to which one should censor themselves (or others) for the benefit of others' feelings, even those of oppressed people. I would think that hardly needs stating, on the left.
Perhaps your worry is that the general public's viewing of these online conversations will, because of their soft-mindedness or weakness of character, cause them to draw the wrong conclusions or pick the bits that favor their oppressive policies. Philosophical argument is just too dangerous to be given the light of day. This is to treat public philosophy as pure rhetoric – the goal being to move the public to the right place, regardless of the reasons. It also assumes that we've got the "right place" clearly mapped out – which is the case for some, but not all, policy issues. Though admittedly, the editorial board of the APA blog may be more confident than I in this regard.
Thanks again for the post, for the reply, and for entertaining my response.
I've been thinking today about the concluding thought in this post, where you write "…our philosophical sentiments tend toward the classically liberal, they tend toward the view that everyone has a right to speak, and that every forum is for everyone, that every question deserves a hearing." The thought seems clarifying to me about what liberalism is, and about a kind of essential flaw in it – you can't effectively ban bad faith without violating individual liberty. It's very strange because it seems like something I already knew and also something new to me.


text:
Girls Soccer Heads Into Promising Season
Nathaniel Smith, Staff Writer, Advanced Journalism
NDA's girls soccer team is regularly ranked one of the best teams in the state. In fact, last year the girls were ranked #47 in the nation.
They have averaged 17 wins a season in the past 10 years. To put their success in perspective, they have accumulated a 174-64-27 record (.709 winning percentage), have won conference four times and gone to state five times with two runner-up trophies.
Throughout the history of the program the girls have 380 wins in 25 year. They have won 14 conference championships, made 10 state appearances and collected four state runner-up trophies.
Runner-up. . . that word seems to hang over the head of this year's team.
All of the players on the team have a strong will to fight hard with the ultimate goal of a gold ball
"I have 21 strong players…keep an eye on all of them," Head Coach Bob Rickards said.
The team has many different strengths. A stellar and powerful offense that is also complimented by a stingy defense makes for a deadly combination. With over half the team being seniors, they also have a strong senior leadership component.
All four captains are seniors–Madi Polack, Trudy Quidzinski, Grace Shaw and Laken Anderson.
"They bring a wealth of varsity experience to the team and that really helps the other players," said Coach Rickards.
With half of the team being seniors, the downside is younger girls with developing talent won't be able to train, practice or play with varsity, which will make it harder in upcoming years. However, Coach believes that the younger girls are very strong and that they are going to be able to overcome the imminent loss of seniors.
Another challenge, along with the late arrival of spring, they will have during this year is their schedule, one of the hardest they have had in years. Every game is important like always but this year more than ever because there is a new state tournament format.
To bring home the gold the girls will need to remain focused, trust their coach and his strategies, and stay healthy.
Hornacek Decides to Play Football at Concordia
Sophomore Kade McCarron Plays Big Role in Hockey Success
Tritons Sweep Pirates in All Three Winter Sports, Face DePere Basketball Teams Tuesday
Freshman Making Her Mark on Girls Varsity Basketball
Rader Signs, Will Play Football at NDSU
Triton Boys Light It Up from the Field, "Silence" Ashwaubenon on the Road
Brada to Play Soccer at Coe College in Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Katelyn Morgan Returns to NDA, Joins Rohde's Coaching Staff
Hockey Team Dedicated to Being a State Contender


text:
using DragonSpark.Model.Selection.Conditions;

namespace DragonSpark.Reflection.Types;

sealed class IsOf<TIn, T> : ICondition<TIn>
{
	public static IsOf<TIn, T> Default { get; } = new IsOf<TIn, T>();

	IsOf() {}

	public bool Get(TIn parameter) => parameter is T;
}

sealed class IsOf<T> : Condition<object>
{
	public static IsOf<T> Default { get; } = new IsOf<T>();

	IsOf() : base(IsOf<object, T>.Default) {}
}


text:
Nicolas Cage is "never going to retire"
The Pig star has acted in over 100 movies, and he's not done yet
Nicolas Cage has made a lot of movies in his career, and he plans on making many more. Nearly 120 films in, retirement is simply not an option for the action movie star.
Promoting his latest thriller movie Prisoners of the Ghostland, Cage told Entertainment Weekly that filmmaking is too important for him to step away. "That can't happen. To do what I do in cinema has been like a guardian angel for me, and I need it," he says. "I'm healthier when I'm working, I need a positive place to express my life experience, and filmmaking has given me that. So I'm never going to retire. Where are we now, 117 movies?"
We're not keeping score, but Cage has been in a lot of films. Some of them, like Con-Air, Wild at Heart, Raising Arizona, and Adaptation, are among the best movies of all time. Others, that we shall not name, are memorable for less than positive reasons. In any case, Cage has worked consistently since he broke into Hollywood, to the point he's made Jerry Lewis a bit jealous.
"Jerry Lewis was one of my friends, and he and I would go and have dinner together, and he would say, 'How many movies you got?'" Cage recalls. "I go, 'I got about 100, how many you got?', 'I got 40. So you got twice as much as me?', 'Well, I didn't know that, Jerry'."
This year alone, Cage has three pictures out: horror movie Willy's Wonderland, John Wick-like drama Pig, and Prisoners of the Ghostland this month. In the latter, Cage plays a crook who's busted out of jail by the local governor so he can go retrieve the politician's kidnapped daughter. For insurance, he's strapped into a leather jacket that will explode after 24 hours.
Sofia Boutella costars with Cage in the flick, and it's directed by Sion Sono. Prisoners of the Ghostland is in theatres and on demand September 17, 2021. Next year, then, Nicolas Cage plays himself in The Unbearable Weight of Massive Talent. Unbearable weight, indeed.
Nicolas Cage battles samurai and ghosts in Prisoners of the Ghostland, out September
Will there be a That '90s Show season 2?


text:
David Sedaris Event Time & Tickets
David Sedaris in Cleveland
KeyBank State Theatre - The Playhouse Square Center
NPR Humorist and Best-selling Author of Let's Explore Diabetes with Owls and Theft By Finding: Diaries (1977-2002) With sardonic wit and incisive social critiques, David Sedaris has become one of America's pre-eminent humor writers. He is the master of satire and one of today's most observant writers addressing the human condition. His latest book is a New York Times best-selling collection of his essays entitled Calypso. Beloved for his personal essays and short stories, David Sedaris is the author of Barrel Fever, Holidays on Ice, Naked, Me Talk Pretty One Day, Dress Your Family in Corduroy and Denim, When You Are Engulfed in Flames, Let's Explore Diabetes with Owls, and Theft By Finding: Diaries (1977-2002). He is the author of Squirrel Seeks Chipmunk: A Modest Bestiar y, a collection of fables with illustrations by Ian Falconer. Each of these books was an immediate bestseller. He was also the editor of Children Playing Before a Statue of Hercules: An Anthology of Outstanding Stories. His pieces regularly appear in The New Yorker and have twice been included in "The Best American Essays.
Cost: Payment required - 20.00 to 55.00
Categories: Nightlife & Singles | Performing Arts
Buy tickets from ticketnetwork.com! | Buy tickets at vividseats.com! | Buy tickets at stubhub.com! | http://www.playhousesquare.org/events/detail/david-sedaris
at KeyBank State Theatre - The Playhouse Square Center
Jim Brickman: A Christmas C...
The O'Jays and The Isley Br...
Lion King Cleveland
Sorry, you missed David Sedaris at KeyBank State Theatre - The Playhouse Square Center.
Demand that KeyBank State Theatre - The Playhouse Square Center gets added to the next tour!
You missed David Sedaris at KeyBank State Theatre - The Playhouse Square Center.
We're generating custom event recommendations for you based on David Sedaris right now!