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Radiohead new album 2020
Their 2007 album, 'Rainbows'. Catch them live by checking out the tour dates and ticket information below on Stereoboard. Radiohead 1 day ago · Loop moves to Berlin's Silent Green venue next April. K. The band are set to drop their ninth studio album any day soon, with the first video having been filmed in a suburban American neighbourhood. Instead of paying up According to a member of Radiohead's management team, Brian Message, the band's new album is set to be released in June. Titled Ignorance Is Bliss, the LP is set to arrive on May 31. Nobody has died, been fired for abusing drugs or quit in order to study UFOs. Find out when Radiohead is next playing live near you. Andira 7. Radiohead's Thom Yorke will star in a musical film on Netflix, which will be set to three tracks from his new album. The groundbreaking rock group Buy Radiohead tickets at Vivid Seats. Fans will be anxiously The official 'website' of Radiohead where we put things that we have done. Thom Yorke is open to recording Radiohead's next album live as a band Radiohead frontman talks the past, present, and future in new interview coinciding with 20th anniversary of OK Computer So if we follow the same pattern as last time hopefully a new Radiohead album comes out in 2021? King of Limbs - 2011 im gonna call it now and predict 2020 for World Tour To Follow New Album? Thom Yorke is rumoured to be planning a worldwide tour at the end of 2020. New Releases. On Tuesday, longtime producer Nigel Godrich tweeted a photo of lead guitarist Johnny Greenwood at the mixing Radiohead appears to be putting the finishing touches on their ninth studio album. Community Feed: During a press conference at this weekend's Hellfest in Clisson, France, Testament singer Chuck Billy and guitarist Eric Peterson spoke about the progress of the recording sessions for the band's follow-up to 2016's "Brotherhood Of The Snake" album. There have been Mar 20, 2019 So many of Radiohead's now classic LPs – from OK Computer to Kid A to In Rainbows – gain much more resonance as entire pieces, as lyrical The lads are currently working away on their ninth album. So, roughly a dollar an hour for previously unreleased material from one of Radiohead's best albums. It peaked at number four in the UK and was certified three-times platinum by the BPI. On Tuesday, longtime producer Nigel Godrich tweeted a photo of lead guitarist Johnny Greenwood at the mixing Radiohead has earned three Grammy Awards for Best Alternative Music Album and were nominated for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2017, their first year of eligibility. 1 in C minor, op. EARLIER: Thom Yorke put some Radiohead rumors to rest on Friday when he announced a new album, "Tomorrow's Modern Boxes. Best of Radiohead songs, albums greatest hits. More than 25 years into their recording career, the band's lineup remains unchanged. We currently don't have any genres associated with this song. After a few months, we realized that we had 10 songs. E-mail me when there are new releases by Radiohead. Jan 11, 2019 Radiohead Release Rare B-Side "Ill Wind" on Streaming Platforms Oso Oso Share New Song "Impossible Game" off Forthcoming Album May 6, 2016 Coming off the success of OK Computer, Radiohead were already wary that their new direction was too big of a departure from the sound which Mar 28, 2019 Radiohead's second album, The Bends, did not come close to dethroning . Their last album, "The King of Limbs," was released in 2011. 19, 2011. Radiohead are rumoured to be planning a worldwide tour at the end of 2020. Radiohead's first three albums (Pablo Honey, The Bends, OK Computer) were alternative and rock infused albums. Use our interactive concert venue seating charts to find the cheapest tickets available for 2019 Radiohead tour. 1, utilising a full 70-piece orchestra and three pop vocalists. Brahms V. Indeed, Thom Yorke was more animated and engaging than I've seen before (sadly, which has been in videos only), interacting with the audience. Pitchfork. The 18 tracks of raw audio are cataloged as 'MD111' through 'MD128' and range from 25 minutes in length to an hour plus. The group will release a new album digitally this Sunday, May 8, on XL Recordings, with physical The Radiohead frontman's new solo LP and accompanying Paul Thomas Anderson-directed short film are out now. Thom's releasing a new solo album next year so at least some of his time . When contacted, a representative had no information on a new album, or any of the rock band's future plans. com. "Pop Is Dead" But Radiohead Are Live! Radiohead — perhaps the most acclaimed and influential rock band of the last 30 years — are reumored to be at work on a new album, their first since 2016's A Moon-Shaped Pool. Thom will probably release a new album around spring. During an event at London's Wanstead Tap, Message said the following of the upcoming album: "There's nothing out there right now that sounds anything like this. A seemingly-fictional company, called Anima Technologies, distributed cryptic advertisements across the globe, with a headline reading, "Do you have trouble remembering your With the frontman also due to contribute to a new documentary on the Free Tibet movement the Oxford band were thought to be taking time off. Each one of us has different curiosities and different styles. Jun 20, 2019 Musician's 'one-reeler' will be released on Netflix on 27 June, the same day the record will come out. Travel packages can be purchased now for a hefty price . With that prediction, I'd say the album could come out late 2020. The U. uk/ http://www. Radiohead's Jonny Greenwood Releases New Album, news, music news, Ireland Radiohead's The Roundabout Theatre Company has announced that three-time Grammy Award winner Thom Yorke of Radiohead has composed original music for its upcoming revival of Harold Pinter's Radiohead's Thom Yorke composes music for Roundabout Theatre Company's revival of Harold Pinter's Old Times at American Airlines Theatre from 17 September 2015. 'Man Of War', taken from OK NOT OK 1997-2017 on XL Recordings. Song information for Idioteque - Radiohead on AllMusic. The 40-year-old comedian talks about the artists and albums that have meant the most to him through his life—Frank Zappa, Kendrick Lamar, Broken Social Scene—five Radiohead's second studio album, The Bends, was released in March 1995. Hunting Bears 8. The British band on Tuesday released hours of previously unheard music that it said was stolen by someone seeking ransom. The band's ninth album has been made available to purchase digitally via their official website, where you can also preorder both Vinyl and CD versions for the 17th June. com DIRECTOR: COLIN READ CO-DIRECTOR: CONNOR KAMMERER Hail to the Thief was Radiohead's final album with EMI; the New York Times described Radiohead in 2006 as "by far the world's most popular unsigned band". The new album will be available as a digital download only through Coachella 2020 will be April 10-12th and April 17-19th, 2020. The new dates begin June 30 in Rome and run through July 6 in Berlin. Yorke had sent out a series of cryptic messages ahead of his own release, including an image of a white turntable, that led some fans to believe a new Radiohead album was ready. May 28, 2018 "After years of workshopping and late nights in the studio, we are proud to announce the release of the new Platinum Edition Kid A with all-new Radiohead tour 2019 / 2020 – get all the information on tour dates and how to single "Creep" in 1992 and had sold more than 30 million albums worldwide by Jun 11, 2019 Radiohead released 18 hours of recordings for its 1997 album, "OK document that has notes and timestamps for the new collection. In an interview with Zane Lowe, Yorke explained the intent behind ANIMA: Their new album drops May 8. Much of the playlist came from "In Rainbows," with some new from "A Moon Shaped Pool," "Kid A," and "Hail To The Thief. Radiohead new album pops up on Napster Radiohead's eagerly awaited new album Kid A is available in its entirety on Napster. The band previously New Foo Fighters Album Won't Be a 'Bleak Radiohead Record'. This one most closely resembles the lucid state of "Daydreaming," but with elevated political commentary. Much of the playlist came from "In Rainbows," with some new from "A Moon Shaped Pool," "Kid A," and . Radiohead are set to tour North and South Americai in 2018. Knives Out 4. The band released their ninth album, 'A Moon Shaped Pool', in 2016 and supported it with international shows, including three nights at London's Roundhouse in May. Their last American release, 100 Broken Windows (their new album will be coming out in America this Now, Paul Thomas Anderson has teamed up with another member of Radiohead, this time directing a short Netflix film inspired by vocalist Thom Yorke's new solo album ANIMA. was available for download off the band's website at whatever price the customer deemed appropriate. Pablo Honey may not have been anything special, but it was enjoyable to listen to and a class LONDON (AP) — Radiohead says a trove of unreleased music has been stolen for ransom. Radiohead shared its new song "Burn the Witch" earlier this week, and now, the big news is here on their album. We at Spin were entertained by Buttigieg's overwrought but charming essay appointing Thom Yorke as his spiritual sherpa through post-9/11 millennial trauma, but the 2020 hopeful didn't even We spoke with Radiohead guitarist Ed O'Brien on his collaboration with Fender, his solo debut and how he takes his toast. My best estimate for LP10 is mid-late 2021 so we have about 2-and-a-half to three years before that. Radiohead Articles and Media. Dans les coulisses de la 1ère session d'enregistrement _ NOUVEL ALBUM (2020) Contre-basse, Batterie et Mandoline NOUVEL ALBUM Sortie 2020 Plus que QUELQUES JOURS pour nous soutenir. Radiohead says a trove of unreleased music has been stolen for ransom. The short, titled Their 2007 album, 'Rainbows'. Icaro 9. OK Computer, Radiohead's third studio album, was released in June 1997. The band's new music video for "The Numbers" features a cast of Jonny Greenwood, Thom Yorke and a good ole' Roland CR-78 drum machine. He shared the Radiohead's hotly-awaited new album, titled A Moon Shaped Pool, has finally been released. Radiohead is an epic symphonic synthesis of Radiohead's album OK Computer and Brahms's Symphony No. Loop, Ableton's "summit for music-makers", will return to Berlin next year at a new venue following a visit to Los Angeles in 2018 Radiohead begins a world tour May 20 in The Netherlands. It became their most successful album, peaking at number one in the United Kingdom and Ireland as well as reaching The Future According to Radiohead: Rolling Stone's 2008 Cover Story. co. Would you like to contribute? Radiohead has released 18 hours of outtakes and demos that were recorded during the band's 'OK Computer' sessions. The band will visit New York and Chicago in July and California in August. The new album - the band's first Cards charging 0% interest until 2020. Radiohead will probably enter the studio sometime in 2020. But instead of paying up, the band will release it in aid of environmental activist group Extinction OZZY Postpones All 2019 Dates Until 2020 : *UPDATE* – Heavy metal rocker icon Ozzy Osbourne has postponed all his 2019 tour dates, inclusive of shows in North America and Europe, as he recovers from an injury sustained while dealing with his recent bout of pneumonia. Credit Cards Are Now Offering 0% Interest Until 2020 Find out more on OK, computer hackers: Radiohead has you beat. Eight Radiohead's new album, A Moon Shaped Pool, was released Sunday, and fans were thrilled to discover an unexpected and very welcome final track. Thom Yorke's new album 'ANIMA' is here (listen Punk Rock Bowling 2020 FRIENDS usually phone you out of the blue, but rock star calls tend to be well planned affairs, arranged in advance through the… Radiohead has announced the release date of their ninth studio LP. Optimistic 3. Madison Bloom. Why the sudden release of this archived Radiohead gold? Band Radiohead dove deep into their repertoire, clearly enjoying themselves. Ranking Every Radiohead Solo Album, From 'Anima' To 'Weatherhouse' UPROXX - Steven Hyden. The 1975's Matty Healy has responded to comparisons between their new album 'A Brief Inquiry Into Online Relationships' and Radiohead's classic 'OK Computer'. Advance sale will happen on June 14. 100% Buyer Guarantee. The new album, a concise eight tracks that comes in at just over 37 minutes, finds the band moving further away that ever Thom Yorke Announces New Album ANIMA. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Radiohead is back from its disappearing act with new album A Moon Shaped Pool , the first since 2011's The King of Limbs , and critics couldn't wait to dive in after it appeared online Sunday Less cryptically: Radiohead announced that its newest album, "The King of Limbs," will be released Saturday, Feb. Recently, the group announced it would be embarking on a 2018 tour in support of their latest album, A Moon Shaped Pool. Thom Yorke confirmed today that an archive of his old LONDON (AP) — Radiohead says a trove of unreleased music has been stolen for ransom. ABC-Univision: How did this new album come about? Earlier this year, we reunited in Tepoztlán, a city about an hour from Mexico City, to begin showing each other songs (because each member of Café Tacvba is a songwriter). 68. Apr 23, 2019 Mayor Pete Discusses Radiohead, Dave Matthews Band, and Spoon Fandom millennial trauma, but the 2020 hopeful didn't even remember writing the piece when the Los Stream Thom Yorke's New Album <i>ANIMA</i> Some Radiohead Members Will Attend Rock Hall Ceremony, After All. Read the full statement: But the album's fate became less clear when frontman Thom Yorke released a solo album with no warning in September. Jeff Kravitz—FilmMagic via Getty Images What's a Surprise, surprise! Paul Thomas Anderson, director of There Will Be Blood and Boogie Nights, is returning with a new short film, which he made with Radiohead frontman Thom Yorke. They performed their controversial new songs on SNL, with Yorke Find upcoming event tour dates and schedules for Radiohead at AXS. " Per a press release from Yorke and Nigel Godrich, the record will be released through a new version of BitTorrent. This isn't the first time in recent memory reports have surfaced about Radiohead recording sessions. I will also soon be reacting to other bands like The Beatles, Pink Floyd, The Who, Rolling Stones, The Grateful D3@d, Eagles, AC/DC,Def Leppard, Aerosmith, Santana, Genesis, Guns N Roses According to Fact Magazine, Radiohead have filmed a brand new music video together with Paul Thomas Anderson. Riviera Maya 2020 with an Radiohead's 2015 album is making waves in the music scene as several websites including Consequence of Sound listing Radiohead's album as one of The 50 Most Anticipated Albums of 2015. Radiohead. But instead of paying up, the band will release it in aid of environmental activist group Extinction Rebellion. In terms of legacy rock bands, Radiohead is an anomaly. A matter of opinion. New Radiohead album to be accompanied by singles, videos New Radiohead album to be accompanied by singles, videos The RS Politics 2020 Democratic Primary Leaderboard; Editors' Picks This is a very good Friday for Radiohead fans. The official 'website' of Radiohead where we put things that we have done. You probably can't get tickets to a Radiohead show. Radiohead have kept up with marketing and musical trends and continue to be innovators, while simultaneously cementing themselves as a successful and unique force in modern music. Yet in a new twist guitarist Ed O'Brien has revealed that Radiohead are well on their way with a follow up to the groundbreaking album 'In Rainbows'. Teflon 5. msn back to msn home entertainment. The new original songs, "Don't Fear the Light" and "Gawpers," were commissioned by the Philarmonie de Paris, according to a post by Yorke, and performed as part of Yorke's "Minimalist Dream House" show in Paris earlier this month. Another website, Citizen Insane makes a list of the 12 possible songs that might be in the upcoming album. Its very few lyrics counsel isolation and Radiohead will mark the 20th anniversary of OK Computer with OKNOTOK – a bumper release featuring a remastered version of the original record, as well as B-sides and three previously unreleased Radiohead's Thom Yorke debuted two new songs on BBC Radio 3's "Unclassified" show. There might be a Kid A anniversary boxset in October 2020 like there was with OKNOTOK in June 2017. Their music is obsessed with the point where great truths Check out Radiohead on Amazon Music. Stream ad-free or purchase CD's and MP3s now on Amazon. group also premiered a new song, "Daydreaming," with an CREATE A NEW TOPIC CREATE A NEW POLL Viewing 15 posts - 1 through 15 (of 20 total) 1 2 Created 3 years ago Last Reply 3 years ago 19 replies 2412 Ed O'Brien, Thom Yorke, Philip Selway, Jonny Greenwood of Radiohead performs at Madison Square Garden on July 11, 2018 in New York City. News New Music 22. They began work on their seventh album in February 2005 with no record deal. Song information for Creep - Radiohead on AllMusic. Radiohead's third album, OK Computer (1997), propelled them to international fame; featuring an expansive sound and themes of modern alienation, OK Computer is often acclaimed as one of the Radiohead, who titled their ninth studio album A Moon Shaped Pool, have a unique grasp on how easily profundity can slip into banality. When you get hacked and held to ransom you can either cough up the cash or call the hackers' bluff, and Radiohead opted to do the latter. In what online fans widely interpreted to be a tease, Yorke has in recent days made a series of suggestive tweets including a link to an Thom Yorke, the enigmatic Radiohead frontman, may have started to announce the release of his next solo album last week. The legendary band, which now tours almost as rarely as it puts In other news, the first European dates of next year's Radiohead tour have been confirmed. powered by Microsoft News. When contacted, a representative had no information on a new album, or any of the singer's future plans. This isn't the first time in recent memory reports have surfaced about Thom Yorke recording sessions. Radiohead Announces a New Album Release. Please wait A symphonic synthesis of tracks from Radiohead's album OK Computer and Johannes Brahms's Symphony No. The Radiohead frontman has been teasing the LP for months, and A website that goes all over the place in a meaningless series of loops, filled up with discarded ephemera from the broken hard drives of Donwood & Tchock. The Note: New lanes in 2020 race open in debate's All the latest music news, film news and TV news from around the world Pete Buttigieg tells the Los Angeles Times about how he listened to "Happy" by Pharrell Williams during combat training and reconsiders his college essay on 9/11 and Radiohead. The band will issue the untitled album digitally on May 8th. Radiohead frontman Thom Yorke will release a new solo album next week, and also drop a short film. But instead of paying up to stop the music from being released, the band will release it in support of environmental activist Radiohead's new album The King of Limbs jumped out of listeners' inboxes with a surprise early release - brought forward a day, after they'd only this week announced a release date. This is not a drill: Radiohead released a second video from their upcoming LP on Friday, and it's directed by none other than Paul Thomas Anderson, who can literally Watch Pile Cover Radiohead's "The Tourist" Jai Paul Officially Releases Leaked Album Plus New Songs "Do You Love Her Now" & "He" Stereogum is an affiliate site of Billboard, Radiohead has finally revealed what the band has been up to after a week of social media teases. read our interview with Charlotte Gainsbourg on her new album 'Rest Skepta is ready to return to the grime world, as the British rapper announced details of his new album today (April 29). Featured New Releases; 5 Album Set. May 9, 2019 Thom Yorke is inching ever so closely to the release of his new solo album. A few weeks ago, Radiohead tried out a new drummer and it looks they're keeping "it" around. Have Radiohead been working on a new album? While representatives are keeping tight-lipped, reports have been circulating on the Internet. The guitarist have written a new blog to fans The majority of Radiohead's ninth album, "A Moon Shaped Pool" is quiet and ethereal in its tone, anchored by pianos and acoustic guitars. Airbag 6. Various Artists New Radiohead Album Releasing This Week! Trigger Hippy confirmed their first concerts since 2015 and revealed more performances and a new album are coming soon. 2020 Mustang Shelby GT500 is the Ford's most powerful car. Nearly 25 years in, Radiohead is still the freshest thing in popular music. The band released a new music video from Paul Thomas Anderson for a song titled "Daydreaming," but fans can also look forward to listening to the Thom Yorke will release a "dystopian" new solo album entitled "Anima" on June 27, the Radiohead frontman announced Thursday. The list includes some of the unreleased songs the Radiohead release A Moon Shaped Pool songbook Complete with sheet music and artwork from Stanley Donwood Rumors had been swirling about the band's upcoming material in recent days, with coded messages on their official site leading some to look for a March, 2008 release of a new album. If Idlewild makes it this year at the CMJ, they might in fact turn out to be the next Radiohead. 22 Free Radiohead by Paolo Angeli, released 11 January 2019 1. song that Yorke and his Radiohead bandmates have an executive order requiring a citizenship question on the 2020 census, a Radiohead's New Album Is Coming in Two Days. xlrecordings. " Radiohead posted the material, which clocks in at about 18 hours of music, to the music discovery and sharing website Bandcamp and made it available for £18 (roughly $23) with the proceeds pledged to an environmental group. More than 20 years after performing it for the first Radiohead, Red Hot Chili Peppers headline 2016 Lollapalooza, the 25th anniversary of music festival Gossip Reddit user says Dave Chappelle sang Radiohead's 'Creep' and Roberta Flack's 'Killing New York (AFP) - Experimental rock giants Radiohead are working on a new album -- or at least it would appear so from the cryptic messages of frontman Thom Yorke. Photograph: RMV/Rex/Shutterstock Radiohead frontman Thom Yorke has announced "Ill Wind" was a postscript to Radiohead's 2016 album, "A Moon Shaped Pool," released on a bonus disc but not, until now, to streaming services. Vinagra 2. I agree and disagree. Watch James Blake debut 3 new songs live and cover Radiohead's 'Videotape' Nov 24, 2018 of Thom Yorke's Radiohead-adjacent projects thus far, and included the live debut of new material and songs from his 'Suspiria' soundtrack. In the Paul Thomas Anderson-directed clip, the pair strums and sings on Thom Yorke will release a "dystopian" new solo album entitled "Anima" on June 27, the Radiohead frontman announced Thursday. Quite a feat considering the intense security that had been put Radiohead's Jonny Greenwood Releases New Album, news, music news, Ireland. Its new album will be available on digital music services on Sunday and in physical formats on June 17. http://oknotok. He will tour that album. Précommandez List of top 10 Radiohead songs 2016 including new album A Moon Shaped Pool (2016) discography & members name. Radiohead appears to be putting the finishing touches on their ninth studio album. Rock and roll superstars Radiohead have announced a world tour in support of a still-unannounced ninth studio album, will hit the road from May to October LOS ANGELES (AP) — Radiohead's ninth studio album "A Moon Shaped Pool" is now available to purchase on iTunes and Amazon and streaming on Tidal and Apple Music. See below for a full itinerary. radiohead new album 2020
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Home»Technology»GreenTech Auto Reviews
GreenTech Auto Reviews
By admin November 19, 2022 Updated: November 25, 2022 No Comments3 Mins Read
GreenTech is a company that specializes in electric vehicles. The company is based in China, where they get a lot of their funding from Chinese investors, and they are supported by incentives from state governments. They are introducing an electric vehicle called the MyCar, designed by Giorgetto Giugiaro and EuAuto. While it looks like a normal car, it's actually an electric neighborhood car, and you can only drive it at 35 mph.
It's also not approved for highway travel, so the company has to restrict its sales to neighborhood use. The base cars cost around $15,000, and they have lead-acid batteries, while the higher trims use lithium-ion packs. The company says the cars can travel 115 miles on a single charge.
GreenTech's MyCar is a "neighborhood electric vehicle"
The MyCar is a prototype electric car being produced by GreenTech Automotive. The company hopes to sell at least 100 cars per year. The vehicles will be built at the company's Horn Lake, Mississippi, plant. A limited top speed of 25 mph limits the MyCar's range, and it's not permitted on freeways.
The company is a spin-off of the JAC automaker, which has been building cars for 40 years. In fact, JAC makes over 700,000 cars and 500,000 engines a year. The company is also one of the 10 largest automakers in China. In October 2015, GreenTech announced that production had begun and it was taking orders. Since then, the company has not responded to multiple requests for comment from Delta Business Journal reporters. The Mississippi Department of Employment Security has also been unable to get in touch with GreenTech officials.
MyCar is a two-seater neighborhood electric vehicle, which is intended for city streets. While it's not intended to travel on highways, it has a range of about 115 miles and a base price of $15,000, which is lower than that of many hybrid electric vehicles. The company hopes to produce 10,000 cars during its first year of production. The company plans to build a permanent factory in Tunica and hire 350 employees.
A new facility in Tunica, MS has opened up to build a high-volume production line for MyCar Neighborhood Electric Vehicles. GreenTech's goal is to make energy-efficient vehicles affordable and accessible to everyone. To meet this goal, GTA has developed strategic partnerships with major automotive OEMs, as well as a dedicated workforce.
It's a retrofitted electric sedan
The Chevy Blazer EV is a larger, more ambitious electric car than its Equinox sibling. It's the company's answer to the Ford Mustang Mach-E and is completely different from the current gas-burning Blazer. The EV will boast 557 horsepower and 648 pound-feet of torque. It will feature a wide-open watts (WOW) mode that allows drivers to enjoy all the benefits of electric driving, while still enjoying the benefits of a conventional engine.
Auto Reviews GreenTech It's a retrofitted electric sedan
Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Auto Technology
The Effects of Modern Technology on the Environment

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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History of Language Teaching
The Department of Languages originally belonged to the CTU Rector´s Office and resided in Celetná street. It was led by Professor Leontij Kopeckyi who belonged to a circle of well-known experts in Russian linguistics. Under his supervision, a Czech-Russian dictionary and a Russian-Czech dictionary was issued. After his retirement, assistant professor Vojtěch Bosák took over the leadership of the department. The secretary of the Department was Vera Radovanovičová. In those days, Russian was a compulsory language and was taught for four semesters. The department also comprised of a Slavonic languages section, which was headed by Dr.Karel Haltmar until his death. His secretary was Marie Hajnová.
In 1956 the Department of Languages split into the language departments at individual faculties. This was in order to simplify the workflow management, as the teachers were not able to cope with increasing specialization in terminology required by individual faculties. In addition, teachers´ having to commute from one faculty building to another was not time and cost effective.
It was then that assistant professor Ivan Panas was appointed head of a newly established department at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering. He was also responsible for the Cabinet of Languages at the Faculty of Economics & Engineering led by Ing. Alexei Fedorov. After Professor Panas left the department, it was temporarily headed by Professor Slavík, (the Head of the Department of Physics), with Ms. Dagmar Stuchlíková being appointeded as his deputy. Eventually, Ms. Vlasta Skalická became the Head of Department. After her death, Dr. Milada Tlalková was appointed to this position.
With the establishment of the Faculty of Radio Engineering at Poděbrady, a detached Department of Languages was founded and led by Mr. Igor Mališevský and later, by Ms. Květoslava Přibylová. During the 1983-1984 academic year, Prague and Poděbrady Departments of Foreign Languages merged.
Later, even the Rector's Central Department of Languages started to offer one of the non-Slavic languages, such as English, German, French, Spanish and Italian, in addition to Russian. A non-Slavic language was offered as a second obligatory language. Instruction encompassed all types of study, i.e. full-time, distance learning and evening courses.
The department has always provided foreign students with in Czech language. It has also been involved in preparing postgraduate students for their future careers in the sciences. They were offered specialized language courses, special types of examinations, as well as the proof-reading of their dissertation theses. Examinations in two languages were obligatory and were held before the Examination Board.
Within the Students´ Scientific & Professional Competition, the Department of Languages organized a language competition in professional oral presentations. The competition assessed both language level and overall presentation performance and skill. Students of our faculty have regularly earned high places in foreign language presentations in state-level competitions.
Over recent years, due to increased interest in foreign languages, the department has increased its specialized language preparatory courses for the State General Language Examinations in English, Russian and German. This examination was held in the Department of Languages and successful graduates acquired a special test certificate.
Following the Velvet Revolution in 1989, the attitude to the importance of individual languages changed, and English and German began to be preferred to Russian. Two compulsory languages still remained , one on a lower and one on a higher level. At both beginner and intermediate levels, the courses were scheduled for two hours twice a week, and advanced level courses were two hours weekly. Both languages had to be completed with an obligatory examination.
Based on frequent complaints of students having difficulties studying two foreign languages, the language instruction was massively reduced. First, the contact hours in lower levels were reduced from four to three hours a week, which was very difficult to schedule.
After a structured study being introduced in 2003, further reduction in language teaching continued. First, a compulsory examination in the second language (not English) was abolished, which was followed by the level of the second language being lowered from intermediate to beginner.
In the academic year 2005/06, the bachelor degree fields of study were modified and their accreditation brought about further curtailment in language teaching. Since that time, students have been required to take a higher level examination in English only; which had to be completed by the end of the bachelor study stage. Other languages became optional. As a result of student requests, Japanese and Chinese were opened, thereby enriching the offer of "other" languages.
Currently, the department is making an effort to customize its course offerings to the current needs of students. Among others, it organizes training courses for international examinations ( e.g., FCE, CAE, TOEFL…)and special courses preparing students for their exchange studies at foreign universities.
It is assumed that the interest, particularly, in specialized "soft skills" courses or less traditional languages will rise in the near future.


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The Son Of A Murdered 'Panama Papers' Journalist Condemns The 'Crooks' Responsible For Her Assassination
by: Meghan O'Dea October 17, 2017
Just half an hour before journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia was assassinated by a bomb strapped to her Pugeot in Malta, she was hard at work. Best known for her work on the Panama Papers, Galizia had posted to her blog about an unfolding court case that was one of many trailing threads investigative journalists have been following since the infamous cache of documents dropped. One of those investigative journalists was Galizia's own son, Matthew Capuana Galizia, who was on the scene just moments after the explosion that killed his mother. Now he has strong words for the Maltese government and others he views as complicit in Galizia's murder:
"My mother was assassinated because she stood between the rule of law and those who sought to violate it, like many strong journalists. This is what happens when the institutions of the state are incapacitated: the last person left standing is often a journalist. Which makes her the first person left dead."
The younger Galizia described the horrific moments after the bomb went off, trying desperately to get into the car even as it burned and he realized he was surrounded by his "mother's body parts all around me." Two policemen arrived on the scene with a single fire extinguisher.
Meanwhile the deceased Galizia's last blog post was live, covering the courtroom testimony of opposition leader Simon Busuttil in a case involving corruption, libel, a "shady bank," and the Maltese Prime Minister's Chief of Staff, who Galicia called "that crook Keith Schemer." "There are crooks everywhere you look now," she wrote. "The situation is desperate."
In addition to a Maltese investigation into the assassination, Dutch forensic experts and members of the U.S. FBI are on their way to assist. Given the line of inquiry that Galizia was pursuing before she was killed, and her son's assertion that a "long list of police commissioners" are among those who share responsibility for Galicia's death, it's a sound plan.
As opposition leader Adrian Delia put it, "We will not accept an investigation by the commissioner of police, army commander or duty magistrate, all of whom were at the heart of criticism by Capuana Galizia. What happened today is not an ordinary killing. It is a consequence of the total collapse of the rule of law which has been going on for the past four years."
(Via The Guardian)
Tags: Assasination, CORRUPTION, female journalists, journalists, Malta, MURDER, panama papers


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Laganidae is a family of echinoderms belonging to the order Clypeasteroida.

Genera

Genera:
 genus Cenofibula Gasser, 1994 † -- 1 current species
 genus Hupea Pomel, 1883 -- 1 species
 genus Jacksonaster Lambert, in Lambert & Thiéry, 1914 -- 1 species
 genus Laganum Link, 1807 -- 9 species
 sous-famille Neolaganinae Durham, 1954 †
 genus Cubanaster Sanchez Roig, 1952a † -- 6 species
 genus Durhamella Kier, 1968a † -- 2 species
 genus Neolaganum Durham, 1954 † -- 2 species
 genus Pentedium Kier, 1967b † -- 1 species
 genus Sanchezella Durham, 1954 † -- 1 species
 genus Tetradiella Liao & Lin, 1981 † -- 1 species
 genus Weisbordella Durham, 1954 † -- 3 species
 genus Wythella Durham, 1954 † -- 2 species
 genus Peronella Gray, 1855 -- 17 species
 genus Rumphia Desor, 1857 -- 7 species
 genus Sismondia Desor, 1857 † -- 5 species

References

Clypeasteroida
Echinoderm families

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Today in history: Sept. 5
In 1923: The public schools of Holland had a total enrollment on the first day of school Tuesday of 2,469, according to figures tabulated Wednesday by Supt. E.E. Fell. This is a few pupils less than were enrolled last year on the first day of school. A considerable number of boys in the Junior High school and the high school are still working and are expected to come in within a few days.
In 1774, the first Continental Congress assembled in Philadelphia.
In 1864, voters in Louisiana approved a new state constitution abolishing slavery.
In 1882, the nation's first Labor Day was celebrated with a parade in New York. (Although Labor Day now takes place on the first Monday of September, this first celebration occurred on a Tuesday.)
In 1939, four days after war had broken out in Europe, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued a proclamation declaring U.S. neutrality in the conflict.
In 1960, at the Rome Olympics, American boxer Cassius Clay (Muhammad Ali) defeated Zbigniew Pietrzykowski of Poland to win the light-heavyweight gold medal; Wilma Rudolph of the United States won the second of her three gold medals with the 200-meter sprint.
In 1961, President John F. Kennedy signed legislation making aircraft hijackings a federal crime.
In 1972, the Palestinian group Black September attacked the Israeli Olympic delegation at the Munich Games; 11 Israelis, five guerrillas and a police officer were killed in the resulting siege.
In 1984, the space shuttle Discovery ended its inaugural flight as it landed at Edwards Air Force Base in California.
In 1986, four hijackers who had seized a Pan Am jumbo jet on the ground in Karachi, Pakistan, opened fire when the lights inside the plane failed; a total of 20 people were killed before Pakistani commandos stormed the jetliner.
In 1991, the 35th annual Naval Aviation Symposium held by the Tailhook Association opened in Las Vegas. (The gathering was marred by reports that dozens of people, most of them women, were sexually assaulted or otherwise harassed during the meeting.)
In 1997, breaking the royal reticence over the death of Princess Diana, Britain's Queen Elizabeth II delivered a televised address in which she called her former daughter-in-law "a remarkable person." Mother Teresa died in Calcutta, India, at age 87; conductor Sir Georg Solti died in France at age 84.
In 2017, President Donald Trump announced that he was phasing out the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, program protecting young immigrants who were brought to the country illegally, but said he was giving Congress six months to come up with an alternative. (The Supreme Court is expected to decide by June 2020 whether Trump can terminate the program.) Hurricane Irma strengthened to a Category 5 storm as it approached the northeast Caribbean on a path toward the United States.
In 2018, The New York Times published an opinion piece from an anonymous senior administration official claiming to be part of an internal "resistance" working to thwart President Donald Trump's "worst inclinations;" Trump responded that if such a "gutless" person exists, "the Times must, for National Security purposes, turn him/her over to the government at once!"
Michael Keaton is 68.
Bob Newhart is 90.
William Devane is 80.
Raquel Welch is 79.
Dweezil Zappa is 50.


text:
5 Alternate Reality Characters We Wish To See Onscreen
There are quite many alternative universes that exist in the comic world. These are commonly referred to as the 'Multiverses.' In the real world, many scientists tried to gather knowledge and research about these alternate realities but found nothing as such. In fact, famous scientists like Stephen Hawking and Neil deGrasse tried to process these types of theories. While the scientists only thrived to gather its knowledge, comic writers brought it up on their pages.
With that said, both DC and Marvel have presented the concept of Multiverses in their comics years ago via its characters. One such character is the famous Web-Slinging superhero, Miles Morales' Spider-Man from Earth-1610 or the Ultimate Universe. He's soon going to get his own film named as Spider-Man: Into the Spiderverse. However, he's not the only real character that fans are hoping to see on screen.
These are the 5 characters from the alternate realities that we wish to see on screen –
Mark Millar's Superman: Red Son
This is perhaps one of the most nuanced examples of a comic book event where a superhero turns against the traditional values for hope. With that said, it was Mark Millar who wrote this comic book that was based on the foundation of what if the Man of Steel would have not landed Kansas but the Soviet Union? While he wasn't being a Soviet war machine anyway, he wanted to help humanity and save the world in the end. This version of Superman was socialism's champion who fought to expand the Union's prosperity just because he was brought up believing that it was right. On the other hand, Jimmy Olsen and Lex Luthor opposed this. Precisely, it was a classic Superman vs Luthor story, which also served as a prominent analog of the Cold War.
Doctor Doom from the Fearsome Four
It was Earth-616's Doctor Doom who wants to fix everything before entering the alternative versions. But when it happened, the first version that was supposed to be explored was from House of M. It was perhaps a world where the humans looked down upon the mutants who were the ruling class. With that said, in this reality, Sue Storm, Reed Richards, and John Jameson were killed when Ben Grimm got his intelligence reduced. Then it was Doom who created a team of superheroes, the Fearsome Four. It included Doctor Doom, Grimm, Valeria, and Kristoff. Thus, this introduced a classic version of Fantastic Four led by a significantly brutal leader.
Alexander Luthor Jr.
Luthor Jr. from Earth-3
As much despicable Lex Luthor has been on Earth-1, there have been quite some versions of him who were somewhat more heroic. With that said, Luthor Jr. from Earth-3 actually served as the only hero on Earth who fought against the Crime Syndicate of America. Wonder how heroic this version would have been while facing the evils of that reality. Now wonder what it'd be like watching Luthor in a film fighting for the good reason after all. For the majority of the time, audiences will find the superheroes doing their best so that they can stop Lex's actions. But in this reality, people will get to see the opposite.
Wonder Woman from the Flashpoint
She has been the DC Universe's fiercest warrior but no version of her has been displayed the way 2011's Flashpoint has done. This alternate version of the character saw the Flash traveling back in time and thriving to save his mother. As a result, it caused a ripple effect around the universe. Thus, the audience got to see Aquaman and Wonder Woman fighting each other. With that being said, watching someone as powerful as Diana in her full potential is quite a breathtaking sight. Additionally, Wonder Woman's compassion got way more highlighted in this exact reality than the sacred timeline.
Ultimate Venom
Venom from the Ultimate Universe
He is already at his most compelling version of Venom. However, the character has been somewhat different in other realities. With that said, Venom in the Ultimate Universe took a step further. He wasn't an alien but a suit that Peter's father invented to cure cancer. However, that exact suit grants the person who wears it some superhuman-type powers. Moreover, Eddie Brock in this alternate universe was Peter's pal during his childhood. Thus, a film featuring this version of Venom will not just be brutal, but also emotional and sensitive for the audience.
# Alexander Luthor Jr.# Doctor Doom# Superman: Red Son# Ultimate Venom# Wonder Woman
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Savannas once constituted the range of many species that human encroachment has now reduced to a fraction of their former distribution. Many survive only in protected areas. Poaching reduces the savanna elephant, even where protected, likely to the detriment of savanna ecosystems. While resources go into estimating elephant populations, an ecological benchmark by which to assess counts is lacking. Knowing how many elephants there are and how many poachers kill is important, but on their own, such data lack context. We collated savanna elephant count data from 73 protected areas across the continent estimated to hold ~50% of Africa's elephants and extracted densities from 18 broadly stable population time series. We modeled these densities using primary productivity, water availability, and an index of poaching as predictors. We then used the model to predict stable densities given current conditions and poaching for all 73 populations. Next, to generate ecological benchmarks, we predicted such densities for a scenario of zero poaching. Where historical data are available, they corroborate or exceed benchmarks. According to recent counts, collectively, the 73 savanna elephant populations are at 75% of the size predicted based on current conditions and poaching levels. However, populations are at <25% of ecological benchmarks given a scenario of zero poaching (~967,000)—a total deficit of ~730,000 elephants. Populations in 30% of the 73 protected areas were <5% of their benchmarks, and the median current density as a percentage of ecological benchmark across protected areas was just 13%. The ecological context provided by these benchmark values, in conjunction with ongoing census projects, allow efficient targeting of conservation efforts.
Copyright: © 2017 Robson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Data Availability: The minimal underlying data set is within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Telemetry data for several protected areas across Africa are not central to the conclusions of the paper, and because telemetry data are extremely sensitive, due to the risk of it being used by poachers, the telemetry data is only available on request from the corresponding author.
Funding: R.J.v.A. received funding from the International Fund for Animal Welfare (ifaw.org), the National Research Foundation (nrf.ac.za), and the University of Pretoria (up.ac.za). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
There are alarming statistics on extinction and the areas over which still extant species have lost their habitats [1, 2]. Savanna Africa is no exception. Human disturbance excludes many species from large fractions of their historical range [3, 4], and poaching threatens species, even where they are supposedly protected [5, 6]. Some of the protected areas that cover 13% of Africa struggle to stave off large mammal declines . Such statistics on extinction and habitat loss are necessary, but not sufficient. They do not capture how much rarer some species are now, even within protected areas that aspire to maintain natural habitats.
Unsustainable poaching claimed 6.8% of Africa's elephants (Loxodonta africana) annually from 2010–2012, upwards of 100,000 elephants . These losses matter because elephants have an outsized role in savanna ecosystems. They affect the structure of the physical environment, disperse seeds, create microhabitats, and tend to dominate mammalian biomass [8–10]. Elephant presence engenders greater species diversity [8, 9]. Thus, human-mediated reductions in elephant densities will have cascading influences on other savanna species.
Unsurprisingly, there are frequent elephant counts, and elephants have the most comprehensive database on the conservation status of any mammal species [11, 12]. Despite this, there are no estimates of how many elephants we should expect there to be. How big would particular populations grow if afforded the chance? The lack of context is a serious omission given the ecosystem importance of elephants and the consequent imperative to conserve elephants effectively. The aim of this paper is to provide such estimates—ecological benchmarks against which to evaluate population counts and trends.
Elephant numbers are now certainly lower than what they should be. Here we ask: by how much? We model stable densities extracted from time series, relating them to primary productivity, water availability, and an index of poaching pressure. For savanna elephant populations in protected areas across Africa, we then predict stable densities based on both current conditions and a scenario of minimal poaching to generate ecologically relevant benchmarks. Finally, we compare recent population estimates against these ecological benchmarks to assess the extent to which elephant numbers are depleted.
We compiled counts for savanna elephants from IUCN category I-VI protected areas larger than 1,000 km2. This yielded 73 populations covering a total 529,363 km2 across 21 countries (see Supporting Information Materials and Methods and Figure A in S1 File). Elephants in these protected areas represent half of the continent's estimated 473,386 elephants, the remainder attributable to smaller protected areas, unprotected regions, and forest (Loxodonta cyclotis) or hybrid elephants this study does not consider .
Under natural conditions, elephant population size should move towards and fluctuate around an environmentally-mediated equilibrium level [13–15]. To identify such equilibria, we used a model selection framework to characterize 23 time series by the AICc-selected best of five candidate growth models [14, 16] (Figure B, Tables A and B in S1 File). Classically, we expected asymptotic growth patterns, particularly in populations recovering after culling or poaching, but we expected time series to exhibit different patterns depending on the time scale of data relative to the population's history. Ongoing influences such as poaching or habitat destruction could result in populations in decline. Thus, candidate models included 1) logistic and 2) Gompertz growth (asymptotic models where the population grows until it reaches stability, e.g. after recovery from high poaching or culling); 3) the null model (where a lack of trend is assumed to represent stability); and 4) linear or 5) exponential change (where an asymptote is not apparent, e.g. a population in decline or an early stage of recovery). Neither logistic nor Gompertz growth were selected best for any population, while exponential change was selected for four populations and linear change for one. We extracted stable densities and their standard errors from the 18 populations where the null model was selected to be the best (Figure B, Tables A and B in S1 File). Model selection for the null model was robust under Monte Carlo simulation of time series incorporating uncertainty in counts (Table B in S1 File), and none of these 18 populations exhibited significant linear change over time.
We used a generalized additive modeling (GAM) framework to explain these stable densities. A GAM including primary productivity (mean enhanced vegetation index, EVI), water availability (percentage of protected area within 12km of water), and an index of poaching (proportion of illegally killed elephants, PIKE) explained 84% of variation in stable densities and performed well under cross-validation (Fig 1, Table E in S1 File). Primary productivity and water availability are known determinants of elephant distribution, fecundity, and survival [13, 14, 17–21]. They are ecological factors that should contribute to maintaining broad population stability. The inclusion of an index of poaching in our model shows that ecological factors alone did not determine stable densities in our study.
Fig 1. A GAM explains extracted stable densities from time series of 18 savanna elephant populations.
The component smooth functions of mean EVI, percentage of protected area within 12km of water, and PIKE of the selected best GAM are represented by solid lines transformed to the response scale of density (elephants/km2). Points represent partial residuals of the 18 extracted densities, and grey lines represent 1,000 iterations to account for uncertainty.
No data points had high leverage, although one, Murchison Falls National Park, was found to be influential (Cook's distance >1). Murchison Falls had the highest EVI in the training data (0.404) but a relatively low stable density (0.182 ± 0.048 elephants/km2). We tested the impact of excluding this data point in modeling and found that predictions of stable density for populations within the range of EVI of the new training data were correlated with those from the original model (Figure D in S1 File), and the general conclusions of our analyses remained the same. However, excluding the point resulted in a continual increase of stable density with EVI (Figure D in S1 File), a pattern that is likely unrealistic [22, 23], and generates unreasonably high density estimates for high EVI populations (Figure D in S1 File). Contrastingly, including Murchison Falls pulls down density estimates for high EVI populations and yields appropriately wide prediction intervals indicating large uncertainty for high EVI populations (Fig 1). We have no reason to doubt the veracity of data for Murchison Falls, so we present results including it. However, we note that additional high EVI points would be valuable in refining the model.
We expected our model to provide realistic predictions of the approximate stable densities that savanna elephant populations should reach given current poaching levels. Of course, populations may not yet have reached stability after past influences, such as die-offs [24, 25] or culling , but the most recent population estimates for the 73 protected areas in the database  were correlated with predicted stable densities (rs = 0.60, p<0.001). Indeed, recent estimates suggest a collective 237,515 elephants in the 73 protected areas assessed, a reassuring 75% of the modeled value of 317,314  (Table F in S1 File).
We used the model to predict stable densities for the same populations under a scenario of minimal poaching. For each of the 73 populations, we set PIKE = 0, equivalent to the minimum observed in the original training data (i.e. 0.00 in Etosha National Park), to predict ecological benchmarks. By this, we mean the population densities or sizes we expect in each protected area if ecological factors, rather than poaching, determined population dynamics. Under a scenario of current ecological conditions but minimum poaching, ecological benchmark densities ranged from 0.23–4.30 elephants/km2 with a median 1.93 elephants/km2 (Fig 2, Figure E in S1 File).
Fig 2. Predicted ecological benchmark density for savanna elephant populations across 73 protected areas differed according to EVI and water availability given minimized poaching.
(A) Green fill color indicates predicted ecological benchmark density as shown in (B) the frequency distribution where densities on the x-axis represent bin centers. (C) Twenty-one countries are covered by protected areas in this assessment. See Figure E and Table F in S1 File for the 95% prediction intervals of predicted ecological benchmarks.
We assessed the most recent density estimate for each population as a percentage of its predicted ecological benchmark given minimal poaching. Only six protected areas had populations at ≥75% of their respective ecological benchmarks (Chirisa, Gonarezhou, and Hwange in Zimbabwe; Chobe and Tuli in Botswana; and Tsavo in Kenya, Fig 3, Table F in S1 File). Although protected areas with higher ecological benchmarks tended to have higher recent density estimates (Fig 3), across the 73 protected areas assessed, the median recent density estimate as a percentage of ecological benchmark was just 13.35%. The lowest value was 0.07%. In 32 of 73 protected areas, population estimates were ≤10% of their predicted ecological benchmark; in 22 protected areas, they were ≤5% of benchmarks.
Fig 3. Most recent density estimates as a percentage of predicted ecological benchmark densities for savanna elephant populations across 73 protected areas indicate most populations are far from ecological benchmarks.
(A) Fill color illustrates most recent density estimates as a percentage of predicted ecological benchmark density as indicated in (B) the frequency distribution where percentages on the x-axis represent bin centers. (C) Populations plotted according to the same color scheme show that while few populations are near their predicted ecological benchmark (indicated by the solid 1:1 line), recent density estimates increased with predicted ecological benchmark density (dashed line: y = 0.31x-0.12, F1,71 = 16.38, p<0.001, R2 = 0.19).
We converted densities to population sizes and subtracted the predicted ecological benchmark for each protected area from the most recent population estimate (Fig 4, Table F in S1 File). Of 73 populations, 72 had an elephant deficit. However, protected areas in the analysis range in size (1,020–47,666 km2), so those with the highest discrepancy between recent and ecological benchmark density (Fig 3) do not necessarily have the highest deficit of elephants (Fig 4) and vice versa.
Fig 4. Of 73 protected areas assessed, 72 had a deficit of elephants compared to ecological benchmarks.
(A) Subtracting predicted ecological benchmark population size from corresponding recent population estimates yields deficit or surplus estimates for each protected area, illustrated by size and color of circles (net deficit = 729,505). (B) A frequency distribution, where x-axis represents bin centers, illustrates that few populations have large deficits, while most are missing fewer than 12,000 elephants. See Table F in S1 File for the 95% prediction intervals of population deficits/surpluses.
Therefore, while the median recent density as a percentage of ecological benchmark was 13.35% across the 73 protected areas assessed, in terms of cumulative numbers, recent population estimates (237,515) total just 24.56% of the cumulative ecological benchmark (967,014, (Figure F in S1 File)). This is a deficit of ~730,000 elephants. Comparing the ecological benchmark value under minimal poaching to the previously discussed predicted asymptotic total given current poaching levels (317,314), it is clear that poaching is responsible for the majority of the deficit.
Elephants have major impacts on savanna ecosystems. Consequently, human-mediated reductions in elephant densities will have cascading influences on many other species and, likely, on ecosystem processes. In protected areas that seek to minimize human influence and allow natural ecological processes to occur, elephant populations should tend towards densities where numbers will be relatively stable. Such numbers might serve as benchmarks for conservation managers. Despite resources dedicated to counting elephants, an ecological benchmark by which to evaluate counts was lacking. The models presented here not only predict the size at which elephant populations should stabilize given current environmental conditions (EVI and water availability) and PIKE, but also allow exploration of future scenarios such as climate change, water management, or changes in poaching. We explored the latter—by setting PIKE to zero, we predicted ecological benchmark densities for 73 protected areas and compared these benchmarks to recent counts.
Recent population estimates from the 73 protected areas we assessed collectively totaled <25% of the predicted ecological benchmark. We caution that the situation would likely appear much worse had it been possible to assess elephants across their entire known range, to include forest elephant populations, or to get more recent estimates that reflect the recent uptick in poaching. (The median year of the most recent estimates was 2011, with several populations last surveyed before the uptick in poaching since 2007  (Table F in S1 File)).
Overall, 70% of the current distributional range of African elephants may fall outside of protected areas . Yet, protected areas should be the stronghold for elephants on the continent, given that they should receive a concentration of funding, management, and law-enforcement. Accordingly, while the 73 protected areas in this analysis represent just 28% of the total range over which forest and savanna elephant populations have been assessed by the African Elephant Database (AED), their savanna elephant populations represent 50% of the total estimate of forest and savanna elephants combined [11, 12]. That populations are so far from ecological benchmarks, even within protected areas, is concerning. It bodes poorly for elephants and their ecological roles, within and beyond protected areas.
While some of the ecological benchmark predictions may seem high, the shifting baseline effect—a generational amnesia due to lack of experience about past conditions—likely shapes perceptions . Although estimates of elephant population sizes before the effects of pervasive ivory poaching are limited, many of those available correspond to or exceed our median predictions of ecological benchmarks (see Table F in S1 File for associated prediction intervals). For example, Selous Game Reserve had an estimated 100,000 elephants in 1976 , while we predicted an ecological benchmark of 100,103. In 1972, Mkomazi National Park had an estimated 2,067 elephants ; we predicted 2,118. A total count in 1966 in Murchison Falls recorded 9,400 elephants ; our estimated benchmark was 9,308. In the Luangwa Valley and Tsavo East and West National Parks, elephant population increases in the 1960s and early 1970s were partially attributed to compression from surrounding landscapes following human population growth [32, 33]. Conceivably, immigration from surrounding areas could have resulted in population sizes larger than what would have developed otherwise. In 1973, South Luangwa had an estimated 31,600 elephants, and North Luangwa had 17,700 . We predicted ecological benchmarks of 19,893 and 8,114 respectively. Six estimates of elephant population size in Tsavo East and West National Parks between 1962 and 1973 averaged 15,751 elephants , while we predicted an ecological benchmark of 9,568.
The predicted stable densities presented here provide a benchmark for assessing conservation and management success. Models are mere representations of reality and must assess the inevitable and surely considerable uncertainties. This is reflected in the relatively wide, asymmetrical 95% prediction intervals calculated via Monte Carlo simulation to include and combine uncertainty in counts, stable density estimates from time series, and modeled PIKE estimates, as well as model uncertainty in the GAM to predict stable densities. At any given site, the relatively simple model presented here, based on just three variables, may be an incomplete representation. Furthermore, predicted stable densities are based on current conditions of primary productivity and water availability. These may have been different in the past and may change in the future. Additionally, even without poaching, ecological benchmarks encompass elements of human interference that should be considered in developing conservation goals. Most protected areas in our analysis are large and unfenced. Surrounding human settlements and land-use may restrict elephants' seasonal movements and access to resources. Additionally, some protected areas encompass human settlements or land use. Moreover, many protected areas contain artificial waterholes that may increase stable density over what one would otherwise predict for that area.
Nonetheless, our result that two of the three largest deficits between ecological benchmarks and recent estimates come from Tanzania's Selous and Mozambique's Niassa Game Reserves (with respective deficits of ~89,000 and ~46,000 elephants, Fig 4) agrees with DNA analysis . This analysis traced 86–93% of savanna elephant ivory confiscated between 2006 and 2014 to a geographic source in southeastern Tanzania and northern Mozambique . The deficit of ~50,000 elephants in the Bangweulu System, a patchwork of national parks and human-inhabited game management areas, supports the suggestion that the remnant population of just 136 elephants is in need of conservation intervention .
We provide an ecological context to population counts conducted across the continent, including the pan-African census . The problem of poaching is widely known and discussed as a serious threat to the species [6, 27], and by extension, savanna ecosystems [37, 38]. Our results quantify the problem against an ecologically relevant benchmark rather than against simplistic population trends or the zero-point of extinction. This allows for targeted, goal-driven conservation measures. For example, considering the 72 protected areas with fewer elephants than they should have, the cumulative deficit of the 10 highest-deficit protected areas (~373,000) exceeds that of the other 62 protected areas combined (~356,000). Conservation efforts targeted at high-deficit populations would more efficiently boost total elephant numbers in the long run. Conversely, conservationists concerned with restoring the role of elephants in savanna ecosystems might focus on protected areas where current populations represent the lowest percentages of predicted ecological benchmarks, even though relatively small protected areas contribute little to elephant numbers on a continental scale.
All aspects of the study were completed in accordance with international and national guidelines and the Animal Ethics Committee of University of Pretoria (AUCC-040611-013).
Extracting stable densities from time series.
We compiled count data on savanna elephants from IUCN category I-VI protected areas ≥ 1,000 km2 (see Supporting Information Materials and Methods and Figure A in S1 File). From these 73 populations, 23 had adequate time-series for assessing population trends. That is, they had populations of ≥ 500 individuals with ≥ 5 counts with high survey reliability (A or B ) since 1989.
Predicting stable densities for savanna elephant populations.
We used a negative binomial generalized additive modeling (GAM) approach to calculate an explanatory model for extracted stable population sizes allowing for nonlinear response shapes . GAMs were fitted using the "mgcv" package from the R language . The negative binomial, rather than Poisson, was used due to over-dispersion (dispersion parameter for the negative binomial distribution = 3.10) . To avoid overfitting, we used a thin plate regression spline smoothing function with an upper limit of three smoothing knots per explanatory variable . We used the generalized cross-validation method to fit smoothers. Explanatory variables were mean EVI (2000–2013) (EVI), proportion of area within 12km of water (prop_12_water), and PIKE (PIKE) (from empirical data  or modelled where no PIKE data was available [6, 43] (Tables C and D and Figure C in S1 File) for each protected area (see Supporting Information Materials and Methods in S1 File for details of each variable and model specifications). The natural log of the area of each site (km2) was included as an offset variable. We constructed three candidate models, EVI + prop_12_water, EVI + prop_12_water + PIKE, and a null model, and we excluded models with other combinations of these variables as ecologically irrelevant. We calculated AICc, ΔAICc, AICc(wi), R2, adjusted R2 (R2adj), and the correlation coefficient (COR) for each candidate model. Due to a relatively small sample size, we used leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) to calculate the cross-validation correlation coefficient (cvCOR) and Wilmott's index of agreement (D) to assess the predictive performance of each model. We calculated the mean bias error (MBE) to measure potential skew in the distribution of errors. We selected the model with the optimal set of explanatory variables based on lowest AICc. For each data point, we calculated hat values, a measure of leverage where hat > 3 times the mean hat value indicates high leverage, and Cook's distance, a measure of influence where values > 1 warrant further inspection .
We used the selected GAM to predict stable population sizes for the 73 protected areas in the analysis based on current conditions of EVI, distance to water, and PIKE and on a scenario of minimum poaching where PIKE = 0, the lowest in the dataset. The latter represents the ecological benchmark for each protected area. We then compared recent estimates for each population to its predicted stable density given current conditions and ecological benchmark.
To generate realistic prediction intervals, we used Monte Carlo simulation to incorporate uncertainty in estimates of both stable densities extracted from time series and modeled PIKE values with model uncertainty from fitting the GAM. Based on the stable density estimate and its standard error for each of the 18 time series, we simulated 1,000 datasets from a normal distribution. Correspondingly, we simulated 1,000 datasets of modeled PIKE values given coefficient estimates and SE on the scale of the linear predictor of the generalized linear model to predict PIKE (Table D in S1 File). We then refitted the GAM to predict stable population size for each of these 1,000 datasets of simulated extracted stable densities and PIKE values. From each of the 1000 fits of the GAM, we incorporated model uncertainty by simulating from the posterior distribution of model coefficients of the GAM to generate 1,000 predicted stable population size values for each of the 73 protected areas in the analysis, both given current conditions and a scenario of minimal poaching. For each simulated dataset, we also calculated the difference between a population's predicted stable size and its most recent estimate, as well as an overall total and deficit for all 73 populations. Thus, median values, standard errors and asymmetrical 95% prediction intervals (i.e. the spread of 95% of estimated values, excluding the top and bottom 2.5%) were calculated based on 1x10^6 estimate predictions for each protected area—i.e. 1000 simulated prediction datasets incorporating model uncertainty from each of the 1000 GAMs refit to the simulated datasets incorporating uncertainty in stable densities and PIKE. As expected, median estimates were approximately equal to the values predicted from the original GAM, but the 95% prediction intervals better represent the true uncertainty around the estimates. Throughout the main text, estimates of stable densities based on current conditions and PIKE, ecological benchmark densities where PIKE = 0, population deficits or surpluses, and collective totals of these across the 73 protected areas assessed refer to median values from the 1x10^6 runs based on Monte Carlo simulations to incorporate uncertainty. Full simulation results, SE's, and 95% prediction intervals are available in the supporting information.
Not all uncertainty could be incorporated. Empirical PIKE values are subject to error and potential bias beyond the scope of this study, but they provide the best available index of poaching intensity . We minimized stochastic variability in PIKE by amalgamating carcass counts among all the years of data collection at each site (up to 12 years, 2002–2014) and excluding PIKE estimates from sites where the amalgamated carcass count was <20. Additionally, although we used the best count data available and incorporated uncertainty for all sample counts, more count data points would likely reduce prediction intervals and make model selection more robust. In the future, as more counts accumulate for populations, additional populations can be assessed for stability, and stability estimates from populations already in our dataset can be refined.
S1 File. Additional methods and supporting results and references.
This file contains Supporting Information Materials and Methods; Figure A (study schematic), Figure B (23 time series and best-fit population models); Figure C (partial residual plots of components of model averaged GLM to explain PIKE values from MIKE sites); Figure D (comparison of GAMs to explain extracted stable densities with and without influential points); Figure E (histogram of ecological benchmark estimates for each of 73 protected areas illustrating results of Monte Carlo simulation to incorporate uncertainty); Figure F (histogram of cumulative ecological benchmark across 73 protected areas recalculated for each of 1x10^6 runs from the Monte Carlo simulation to incorporate uncertainty); Table A (alternative candidate models to describe the population dynamics of 23 time-series populations); Table B (summary information on time series and extracted stable density and SE); Table C (summary information for 43 MIKE sites and the explanatory variables used to explain PIKE); Table D (Summary statistics and variables included in most likely quasi-binomial generalized linear models to explain PIKE for 43 MIKE sites across Africa and final predictive average model used to generate PIKE estimates for non-MIKE sites); Table E (selection parameters of candidate generalized additive models explaining variation in extracted stable population size for 18 populations); Table F (summary information, predicted stable density (give current PIKE), and ecological benchmark density (given zero PIKE), and comparisons between most recent density and population size estimates and ecological benchmark density and population size for 73 protected areas across 21 countries); and Supporting Information References.
We thank S.M. Ferreira and R.A.R. Guldemond for their contributions.
Conceptualization: ASR MJT KDY RJVA.
Formal analysis: ASR MJT AP.
Methodology: ASR MJT AP KDY RJVA.
Writing – original draft: ASR MJT AP SLP RJVA.
Writing – review & editing: ASR MJT AP KDY SLP RJVA.
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6. Wittemyer G, Northrup JM, Blanc J, Douglas-Hamilton I, Ormundi P, Burnham KP. Illegal killing for ivory drives global decline in African elephants. P Natl Acad Sci USA. 2014; 111: 13117–13121.
7. Craigie ID, Baillie JEM, Balmford A, Carbone C, Collen B, Green RE, et al. Large mammal population declines in Africa's protected areas. Biol Conserv. 2010; 143: 2221–2228.
8. Western D. The ecological role of elephants in Africa. Pachyderm. 1989; 12: 42–45.
11. Blanc JJ, Barnes RFW, Criag GC, Dublin HT, Thouless CR, Douglas-Hamilton, et al. African Elephant Status Report 2007: An Update from the African Elephant Database. Occasional Paper Series of the IUCN Species Survival Commission, No. 33. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN⁄ SSC African Elephant Specialist Group; 2007.
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text:
'No end' to conflict in Ethiopia's Tigray region, warns UNICEF
Disturbing reports have continued to emerge of widespread abuse of civilians in Ethiopia's Tigray region, nearly six months since conflict erupted, the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) said on Tuesday.
NEW YORK, USA, April 20, 2021,-/African Media Agency (AMA)/-"There is no clear end in sight" to the conflict, said agency spokesperson James Elder, after returning from a visit the northern Ethiopian region.
Worst fears
He said more than a million people were displaced, noting that fighting was continuing, and security remained a major issue. UNICEF had been "concerned from the onset about the harm that this is going to cause children, and unfortunately such fears are being realized."
The conflict is the result of months of escalating tensions between the Ethiopian Government and the dominant regional force, the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), which culminated in Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed ordering a military offensive after rebels attacked a federal army base.
Within days, militias from the neighbouring Amhara region had joined the fray, reportedly followed by some troops from neighbouring Eritrea – a long-time rival of Tigray.
According to the Government, the region had been secured by the end of November, however TPLF resistance has continued, amid accusations of extrajudicial killings and rights abuses on all sides.
Child victims
Mr. Elder underscored the impact on women and girls, characterising it as a "protection crisis".
He added: "What is really emerging now is a disturbing picture of severe and ongoing child violations, there is also unfortunately an education and nutrition emergency and I saw extensive destruction to systems on essential services that children rely on."
Among the estimated one million displaced by the violence are children who have suffered terribly, the UNICEF official explained.
300 km march in flip-flops
"The many children I spoke with, there was one, a girl who is 16, Merhawit, she had walked 300 kilometres with her baby brother on her back from the west of country, amid pretty intense fighting…300 kilometres and in broken flip-flops", he said.
"Those stories abound. She was a star in physics, and now she is searching for food and hasn't seen a classroom in a year."
She was a star in physics, and now she is searching for food and hasn't seen a classroom in a year – UNICEF's James Elder
Apart from the education crisis, the Tigray region is also in the grip of a nutrition emergency, linked to pillaging and the destruction of medical centres and costly irrigation systems which farming communities cannot do without.
"We had a recent assessment in 13 towns and more than half of boreholes are non-functional," said Mr. Elder. "It's important to remember that these were really advanced systems, supporting hundreds of thousands of people with generators and electrical circuitry, all looted or destroyed."
Vandalizing and looting
Health centres have not been spared either, with the majority now out of action.
This includes a new maternal health clinic specialising in emergency surgery for mothers that opened 100 kilometres from Mekelle which has been ransacked.
"Everything – X-ray machines, oxygen, and mattresses for patients – are gone," said Mr. Elder. A doctor there told me, "It had all the services a mother and baby needed. It was a life-saving place. There was no reason for forces to come here. They came here for vandalizing and looting."
The UNICEF spokesperson also urged all those with influence on the military actors involved in the conflict to condemn rights abuses against civilians. "Severe and ongoing child rights violations" have been reported by victims, he said.
"We have an average of three cases of reported, reported gender-based violence, remembering of course that this is probably the tip of the iceberg because reporting is very, very difficult both for…security and cultural elements of shame, and so on. I heard traumatic stories of children as young as 14, I heard reports of gang-rapes."
Distributed by African Media Agency (AMA) on behalf of UN News.
Source : African Media Agency (AMA)
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LG Introduces Smart Features for Refrigerators and Washing Machines
Le ministère gabonais de la Jeunesse restaure son drapeau après un post d'un internaute !


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The Down-Syndrome-Evaluation or "Triple Test" is a blood examination for the identifica-tion of the individual risk for fetal chromosomal disorders or a neural tube defect ("open spine"). The main parameters for performing this "Triple Test" are PAPP-A and free beta-hCG for the first trimester screening (completed by the value of the nuchal translucency) or total hCG, unconjugated Estriol (uE3) and AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) for the second trimester screening.
In every pregnancy there is a small risk that the expected child has a chromosomal disor-der (e.g. Trisomy 21, Down-Syndrome). The older the mother the higher is this risk. Moth-ers who are 25 years old have a risk of 1:1300, for 30 years old mothers it is 1:900 and for 35 years it is 1:380. Pregnant women who are older than 35 years are offered a withdrawal of liquor amnii, in which the chromosoms of the unborn child are inspected for disorders (amniocentesis).
Performing a blood examination ("Triple test") also can determine the Down-Syndrome-Risk of pregnant women below the age of 35 years. If her risk is similar to the one of a woman at the age of 35 years or if it is even higher then the woman may get a chromoso-mal analysis using liquor amnii. The result of a Triple test will give a number for the risk of any mother for getting a child with chromosomal anomaly; this value may help her in the decision whether or not she needs the analysis of her liquor amnii. Finally it is only the chromosomal analysis giving definite results about chromosomal abnormalities of the ex-pected child, but unfortunately here exists a spontaneous abort risk of 1-2%.


text:
Amand Fäßler, im Englischen meist Faessler zitiert, (* 26. April 1938 in Gengenbach) ist ein deutscher theoretischer Physiker, der sich vor allem mit Kernphysik beschäftigt.

Leben

Fäßler studierte Physik an der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, wo er 1963 bei Hans Marschall promoviert wurde. Danach war er als Post-Doc 1963 und 1965 an der Florida State University in Tallahassee. 1965 war er Assistant Professor an der University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) und ab 1967 Professor an der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität in Münster und Direktor des dortigen Instituts für Theoretische Physik. Ab 1971 baute er eine theoretische Arbeitsgruppe am  Kernforschungszentrums Jülich auf (er leitete das dortige Institut für Kernphysik), während er gleichzeitig an der Universität Bonn lehrte. Ab 1979 war er Professor in Tübingen und Direktor des dortigen Instituts für Theoretische Physik. Heute ist er in Tübingen Professor Emeritus. 1977 und 1981 war er Gastprofessor an der State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1983 an der Vanderbilt University und 1987 an der University of Melbourne.

Werk

Fäßler befasste sich in den 1960er Jahren mit Kernmodellen und untersuchte teilweise mit Walter Greiner (ebenfalls Doktorand von Marschall) kollektive Anregungen in deformierten Kernen (u. a. Rotations-Vibrations-Modell), und dann unter anderem mit Hochspin-Zuständen von Kernen (mit einer Erklärung des Backbending in den 1970er Jahren), Schwerionen-Kollisionen (z. B. Quark-Gluon-Plasma, superdichte Materie mit Anwendungen auf Zustandsgleichungen für Materie in Neutronensternen, bei Supernova-Explosionen), Auswirkungen der Quantenchromodynamik (QCD) in der Kernphysik (insbesondere für die Form des Nukleonen-Wechselwirkungspotentials), kernphysikalisches Vielteilchenproblem (beispielsweise numerische Variationsverfahren bzw. Computercodes Monster, Vampir), Neutrinophysik (supersymmetrische Modelle für die Neutrinomischungen und -massen), neutrinolosem Doppeltem Betazerfall (NLDB) und die Bestimmung der Elektron-Neutrinomasse im Elektroneneinfang an Holmium-Isotop 163Ho. Für die Interpretation der Ergebnisse von Experimenten zum (bisher nicht beobachteten) NLDB sind sowohl kernphysikalische Rechnungen nötig als auch Vergleichsrechnungen mit GUT-Modellen (es ergeben sich nach der Arbeitsgruppe von Fäßler schon aus der Tatsache, dass Kerne mit möglichem NLDB eine Lebensdauer von über 1026 Jahren haben Obergrenzen für die Elektron-Neutrinomasse von 0,6 eV). Er untersuchte ein sehr breites Spektrum von Problemen in der theoretischen Kernphysik (seine Publikationsliste zählt bis 2016 über 1200 Arbeiten auf).

Er ist Herausgeber der Zeitschrift Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics und war Direktor von mehreren Sommerschulen für theoretische Physik am Ettore Majorana-Zentrum in Erice auf Sizilien.

Ehrungen

 1981: Ehrenprofessur der Fudan-Universität in Schanghai/China
 1984: Max-Born-Preis der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft und des "Institute of Physics" (United Kingdom)
 1984: Ehrendoktor der Universität Jyväskylä in Finnland
 1997: Ehrendoktor der Universität Bukarest
 1989: Ehrenmedaille der Universität Helsinki
 1991: Ehrenmitglied der Royal Society of South Africa
 1999: Mc Minn-Preis der Vanderbilt-Universität in Nashville/TN
 2000: Golden Royal Jubelee Award in Physics zum 50. Regierungsjubiläum des Königs von Thailand
 2002: Ehrenprofessur der Jilin-Universität in Changchun/China
 2004: Honorary Fellow of the Institute of Physics (UK)
 2008: Ehrendoktor der Suranaree Technical University in Nakhon Ratchasima/Thailand
 2008: Ehrenmitglied in der Griechischen Kernphysik-Gesellschaft
 2008: Preis der Russischen Akademie der Wissenschaften für die beste Veröffentlichung auf dem Gebiet der Teilchen- und Kernphysik der Jahre 2006 und 2007
 2010: Ehrendoktor der Universität von Bratislava/Slowakei

Schriften (Auswahl)
 mit Claus Jönsson: Die Top 10 der schönsten physikalischen Experimente, rororo 2005
 Doppelter Beta-Zerfall und Vereinheitlichung der Kräfte, Physikalische Blätter, Bd. 45, 1989, S. 321–325
 mit T. S. Kosmas, G. K. Leontaris: Symmetries in intermediate and high energy physics, Springer Tracts in Modern Physics 163, 2000

Weblinks
Homepage an der Universität Tübingen
Publikationsliste

Hochschullehrer (Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn)
Hochschullehrer (Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen)
Hochschullehrer (Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität)
Physiker (20. Jahrhundert)
Kernphysiker
Ehrendoktor der Universität Jyväskylä
Deutscher
Geboren 1938
Mann


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Join us for this unique series in which we explore the stages of the personal spiritual journey. There is no time more powerful to do this spiritual work than the seven weeks between Passover and Shavuot, during which time we collectively journey from Egypt to Sinai. The metaphors of this larger story serve as guides to our individual adventures and unfoldings.
Some journeys we choose. Other journeys have chosen us. Every time we make a transition from the known into the unknown, the possibility of transformation is available. This is especially true when we journey with consciousness and have a map of the territory.
Poetry, music, text and mindfulness practices will help to steer our way. EVERYONE is welcome.
The online interactive course has four live webinar sessions, which will also be recorded. Participants will have access to all the recordings, additional resources and a private Facebook group for further discussion.
NOTE: No PayPal Account required. Select "Pay using your credit or debit card" if desired.
We will meet in person on four Friday mornings. Participants will have access to a private Facebook group for further discussion, and access to the recordings of the online classes if you miss a session.
* "Counting the Omer" is the 49-day, 7 week period of time that begins right after Passover, when we wander in the desert, ultimately ending up at the foot of Mt. Sinai, where we experience ultimate Oneness at Shavuot when the Torah is given.