text:
5 Keys to the New USNational Military Strategy
BY JANINE DAVIDSON
From new nukes to the growing threat of interstate war, the new document is the boldest statement yet of the 'complex and rapidly-changing' global security landscape.
General Martin Dempsey, outgoing Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, has just released a new, remarkably readable National Military Strategy (NMS). This document, alongside the President's National Security Strategy (NSS) and the Secretary of Defense's National Defense Strategy (NDS), forms the three pillars of top-level U.S. defense strategy. TheNMS offers the Chairman's professional assessment of the global threat environment, which he describes as "the most unpredictable I have seen in forty years of service." While the entire document is worth a read, here are five big takeaways from the new strategy:
Dr. Janine Davidson is senior fellow for defense policy at the Council on Foreign Relations. Her areas of expertise include defense strategy and policy, military operations, national security, and civil-military relations. Full Bio
U.S. forces must use forward presence to counter emerging threats, both state and non-state. The document observes that the tactics of "hybrid war" confer many new advantages on the aggressor; the best way to counter these is through forward positioning of military forces for deterrence, and failing that, to enable rapid reaction. Additionally, for hybrid actors like the self-declared Islamic State, defeating them requires "widely distributing U.S. military forces and leveraging globally integrated command and control processes" to disrupt their transregional networks.
"Continuum of Conflict." (2015 U.S. National Military Strategy)
Coalition building and security cooperation are crucial, but each partnership must be tailored for the job. In today's complex operations—with their strong emphasis on political, financial, and military sustainability—the United States must build and optimize the power of friendly coalitions. This reques two different sets of activities: promotingsecurity cooperation with mature allies and building capacity for emerging U.S. partners. In particular, with the recognition that prolonged campaigns against violent extremist organizations are here to stay, the strategy envisions the U.S. military's role as an enabler of local forces, leaving them to "secure their [own] homelands."
The U.S. military cannot solely rely on its traditional technological advantages. According to the strategy, the current global environment is characterized by "complexity and rapid change." Emerging technologies also make it far easier for adversaries to target U.S. communications and sensing systems through precision weaponry and offensive cyber capabilities. Consequently, "future conflicts between states may prove to be unpredictable, costly, and difficult to control." This is especially true in fights against hybrid actors, whose assymetric advantages offered by information tools, IEDs, and cyber attack can circumvent many of the United States' biggest strengths. Future warfighting is not just about building better robots, lasers, and satellites—it will continue to turn on smart planning and strong, creative, and empowered leadership.
The threat of interstate war is "low but growing." From Iran and Russia's continual efforts to destabilize their regional neighbors to North Korea's growing ability to threaten the U.S.homeland and China's "aggressive land reclamation efforts" in the South China Sea, the NMS observes that the odds of America coming into conflict with a near-peer adversary are on the rise. But in the words of the document: "None of these nations are believed to be seeking direct military conflict with the United States or our allies."
The U.S. nuclear arsenal needs an overhaul. In response to Russia's nuclear saber-rattling the strategy emphasizes the need to ensure U.S. nuclear capabilities are modernized. Maintaining credible nuclear strike capability to counter proliferation by revisionist states is another stated objective. As Dempsey observes in his introduction, "Control of escalation is becoming more difficult and more important."
In all, there are few surprises in this NMS. The main themes track closely with past speeches and testimony by Chairman Dempsey and Secretary of Defense Ash Carter, as well as themes in the President's National Security Strategy released in February. That said, this new document stands as the boldest statement to date of just how much the global strategic environment has transformed in the past few years. In theNMS, the U.S. military shows an appreciation for the complexity of these threats and a recognition that our own technological edge is at risk. Addressing these challenges will require as much investment in the next generation of creative leaders and concept development as new technological approaches to military operations.
Emerson Brooking and Zachary Austin contributed to this post.
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Traffic flows, representative of those on long span bridges on commercial routes in Britain, have been mathematically simulated and statistically analysed to determine 'characteristic' (1 in 2400 chance of exceedance in a year) live load effects which can arise when traffic jams occur. Loaded lengths in the range 75 - 1600m on single lane and two- and three-lane carriageways have been considered. Loading models have been based on traffic flows and mixes recorded in 1980 at various sites and are intended to represent conditions on a heavily trafficked commercial route. Those for 1990 have been extrapolated by use of predictions by TRRL of the growth of motorway traffic for each class of vehicle. They include allowance for the recent introduction of 38T 5 axle articulated lorries under the Construction and Use Regulations.


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Rafal Ratajczyk (né le  à Żyrardów) est un coureur cycliste sur piste polonais. Il a notamment été médaillé lors des championnats du monde du scratch et de la course aux points.

En , il est suspendu par la Fédération polonaise pour s'être dopé. Des traces d'éphédrine ont été retrouvées dans son organisme. Il est suspendu 1 an.

Palmarès

Championnats du monde
 Bordeaux 2006
  Médaillé d'argent de la course à points
 Palma de Majorque 2007
  Médaillé de bronze du scratch
 Apeldoorn 2011
  du scratch
  de l'omnium
 Melbourne 2012
  de la course aux points
  de l'omnium

Coupe du monde
 2005-2006
  du scratch à Manchester
  du scratch à Sydney

 2006-2007
 Classement général du scratch
  du scratch à Manchester

 2007-2008
  de la course aux points à Los Angeles
  de la course aux points à Copenhague

 2008-2009
  de la course aux points à Pékin
  du scratch à Pékin

Championnats d'Europe

Espoirs
 Büttgen 2002
  Médaillé de bronze du scratch espoirs
 Valence 2004
  Champion d'Europe de la course aux points espoirs
  Médaillé d'argent du scratch espoirs

Élites
 2007
  Médaillé d'argent de l'omnium endurance
 2009
  Champion d'Europe de l'omnium endurance
 Pruszków 2010
  Médaillé de bronze de l'omnium
 Apeldoorn 2011
  Champion d'Europe de course aux points

Championnats nationaux
 2009
  Champion de Pologne de poursuite individuelle
  Champion de Pologne de la course à l'américaine
 2010
  Champion de Pologne du scratch
  Champion de Pologne de l'omnium

Palmarès sur route
 2005
  Champion de Pologne du contre-la-montre espoirs

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Liens externes

Coureur cycliste polonais
Coureur cycliste sur piste
Coureur cycliste aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2008
Naissance à Żyrardów
Naissance en avril 1983
Champion d'Europe de cyclisme sur piste

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The Gold Coast, traditionally known as a tourism town, is rapidly becoming an education destination as well as a popular holiday spot.
The city is now home to more than 200 international and domestic education providers. This figure includes three universities and many trade colleges and language schools as well secondary and primary schools.
The education industry now provides jobs for almost 18,000 Gold Coast residents and every year more than 17,000 foreign students from more than 125 countries arrive to call the city their second home.
Shannon Willoughby, CEO of Study Gold Coast – the city's peak body representing education, is positioning the Gold Coast as a destination of choice for students and is also using the sector to raise the profile of the city both nationally and internationally.
Willoughby says Study Gold Coast has three main goals: talent retention, talent attraction and talent growth.
"With our domestic students, we want them to stay on in the city once they finish the education,'' she says.
"In the past, many students would move away from the Coast when they finished their studies and we want to stop that trend.
Willoughby says the education industry is now Australia's third largest export industry and globally Australia is the third most sought after education destination in the world. Study Gold Coast is working to ensure the city receives its fair share of international students.
"Our competitors internationally are Canada, the United Kingdom and the USA,'' says Willoughby.
"The Gold Coast is a small city globally, both in terms of population and in terms of education, and traditionally the Australian market has been divided between Sydney, Melbourne and Adelaide.
"However, in this city we now have three world class universities, which are all growing, and we have 140 schools including some of Australia's best private schools.
Professor Ian O'Connor, the Vice Chancellor and President of Griffith University says the university is investing heavily on the Gold Coast for the future.
"Griffith University is the Gold Coast's biggest university and is now ranked among the top three per cent of universities in the world,'' he says.
"We have seen significant growth across our campuses in recent years, particularly on the Gold Coast where our student population has grown to more than 18,000.
"The Gold Coast is now the largest of Griffith University's five campuses in south-east Queensland which boast a total of 50,000 students and 4000 staff.
Professor O'Connor says international students are a big part of the success of the university.
"Griffith has a strong international student community and they now comprise 19 per cent of our total student population,'' he says.
Professor Tim Brailsford, the Vice-Chancellor and President at Bond University, which is the Australia's only private university, says one third of Bond students are international students.
"Across our student cohort, around one-third of our students originate from overseas, one-third come from the other Australian states and around one-third come from Queensland,'' he says.
Professor Brailsford says Bond University offers a very different experience to all other Australian universities.
He says the university's small classes and personalised mentoring approach to teaching ensures that every student receives individual attention and feels part of a close-knit cohort, rather than getting lost in the crowd.
"Quite simply, we compete by offering an outstanding product that is focused on the quality of the experience and the excellence of student outcomes,'' he says.
"The 2017 Good Universities Guide recently named Bond University as Australia's #1 university for overall student experience for the 11th consecutive year.
Professor Brailsford says Bond's current strategy is to ensure that the university does not recruit too many international students from one country or region.
"Part of the richness of the Bond experience is the diversification and breadth of our student body,'' he says.
"The lifestyle is the reason why we live here and the reason we are a tourism destination and it is fast becoming a reason why students want to come here,'' she says.


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He is a number-one bestselling author—he likes to tell people that a lot—and writes in many different genres. Jamieson is also an accomplished artist. He works in mixed media, charcoal, acrylic and oil pants. He is also something of an amateur photographer, a poet, and a graphic designer.
He currently lives in Ottawa Ontario Canada with his husband Michael and their cat, Tula, who is fearless. You can contact Jamieson through this website or follow him on Facebook or Twitter.


Wood Recycling is the process of turning waste timber into usable products.
Wood is one of the most valuable recyclable materials because it can be transformed into a wide variety of secondary products. That is why we carry a wide selection of wood and mulch supplies made from recycled wood, such as mulch, wood chips, compost additive, soil conditioner, animal bedding, and feedstock for engineered woods. The first and most important benefit of wood recycling is saving the trees. Even after replanting trees to make up for the ones that have been cut down, trees take an exceedingly long time to reach maturity, which means that the less we cut down in the first place, the better. Wood recycling also helps reduce environmental impact by preventing less trash from ending up in the landfills, which in turn means reduced air and water pollution. Wood recycling is an ideal technique for ensuring that the environment is maintained in its natural state.
In 2017, the global Wood Recycling market size was 21000 million US$ and it is expected to reach 28700 million US$ by the end of 2025, with a CAGR of 4.0% during 2018-2025.
This report focuses on the global Wood Recycling status, future forecast, growth opportunity, key market and key players. The study objectives are to present the Wood Recycling development in United States, Europe and China.
To analyze global Wood Recycling status, future forecast, growth opportunity, key market and key players.
To present the Wood Recycling development in United States, Europe and China.


text:
Q: Condition for an python panda dataframe using an List with range How can I create an if conditions in a data frame that includes a list with a range between the elements?  I want a new smaller data frame that is in a range of certain values. Like x element of [2,4] and save it in a new data frame.
For example:
x y

1 4
2 7
3 8
4 11
5 -15
6 13

My new table should be:
df[df[x] <= [2,4]]

x y
2 7
3 8
4 11

I tried the following:
df[df['time']<=[1212,1220].to_csv(path_or_buf=DATAFILE_OUTPUT, index=True, sep='\t', columns=out_columns, decimal='.')

But got a syntax error:

SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing

A: Use Series.between for boolean mask:
df = df[df['x'].between(2,4)]
print (df)
   x   y
1  2   7
2  3   8
3  4  11

It working same like 2 conditions chained by & for bitwise AND:
df = df[(df['x'] >= 2) & (df['x'] <= 4)]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


On Monday, April 18, 2016, BIO held its second Plenary Session at the 2016 BIO World Congress on Industrial Biotechnology. Titled "Overcoming Challenges to Biorefinery Scale Up," panelists explored exactly what is needed to ensure the successful scale up of a commercial scale industrial biotechnology process. Moderated by Dan Cummings, Chief Executive Officer of Guidewire Strategies, the panel consisted of Anthony Bresin, Chief Scientific Officer, ARD; Jeff Lievense, Senior Engineering Fellow, Genomatica; Wayne Wajciechowski, Business Development Manager, Merrick & Company; and Joachim Schulze, Head of Biotechnology, Thyssenkrupp Solutions.
Wayne Wajciechowski opened the panel by discussing how to overcome challenges during a biorefinery scale-up from an engineering perspective. Propp stressed the importance of staying with a good, committed engineering partner from the beginning of the project until commercialization of a product. He noted that feedstock logistics, public opinion, and environmental regulations can all impact the scale up of a biorefinery.
Prepare for the unexpected – spend and time and effort with your team to conceive all possible risks and outlined mitigation plans.
For the demo scale run – acquired experiences and know-how, refined large-scale mass balance and found technical solutions at real scale were all factors that contributed to a successful scale-up.
He concluded by stating that ARD considers the demo plant to be the most important part of the scale-up process.
The panel concluded with Joachim Schulze of Thyssenkrupp Solutions who spoke on how the interactions within the value chains can impact scale-up. Schulze remarked on the importance of maintaining constant communication among the various players and roles within the value chain. He concluded by arguing that you must also keep the consumer in mind when ensuring a successful scale-up of your biorefinery.


Terence "Terry" H. Fogerty (29 June 1944 – 17 October 2013) was an English professional rugby league footballer of the 1960s and 1970s, and coach of the 1980s. He played at representative level for Great Britain, and Lancashire, and Commonwealth XIII, and at club level for Halifax (twice), Wigan and Rochdale Hornets, as a front or second-row forward, during the era of contested scrums. He later coached at club level for Rochdale Hornets. Fogerty is a Halifax Hall of Fame Inductee.


text:
Kingston Frazier: Two years later
The family of slain 6-year-old Kingston Frazier spoke out against the indictment of one of the murder suspects in the case. Source: Family
By Waverly McCarthy and Summer Tadlock | May 17, 2019 at 11:58 AM CDT - Updated May 18 at 5:53 AM
JACKSON, Miss. (WLBT) - Saturday, May 18, 2019, marks the two year anniversary of the death of 6-year-old Kingston Frazier.
His kidnapping and death stunned the metro area and made headlines around the country, and grieving family members are still searching for answers.
"If I would have been there I would have taken the bullet for Kingston," said great uncle David Archie. "That wouldn't of been a problem. It has been a very difficult two years."
Frazier was asleep in the back seat of his mother's car on Thursday, May 18th, of 2017 — when the car was stolen from the parking lot of the Kroger on I-55 at 1:00 in the morning.
"We don't know exactly all the details in terms of why Kingston's life was taken," said Archie. "But one thing we are sure about, we will make sure we get justice in this case."
READ MORE: Six-year-old shot and killed inside mother's stolen car
An amber alert was issued, and multiple law-enforcement agencies joined the search.
Hours later, the stolen car was found abandoned behind a building near the Gluckstadt exit off I-55 in Madison County.
The six-year-old was still in the back seat — where he'd been shot to death.
That same day, three people were arrested in the case — Byron McBride, who was 19 at the time, Dwan Wakefield and D'Allen Washington, who were both 17.
"Three young men, none was over the age of 20. There family is going through something as well," said Archie.
READ PRELIMINARY COURT DOCUMENTS
McBride was charged with capital murder, kidnapping and possession of stolen property. Because he is 19, McBride is the only suspect eligible for the death penalty.
Byron McBride is charged with capital murder in the kidnapping and shooting death of 6-year-old Kingston Frazier. Source: Madison County Detention Center
Wakefield was charged with accessory after the fact of murder, kidnapping, and vehicle theft.
Dwan Wakefield; Source: Madison Co Sheriff's Office
Trial for McBride and Wakefield is set to begin on October 22.
Washington pleaded guilty to accessory after the fact of kidnapping and was sentenced to 20 years in prison. He will serve 15.
D'Allen Washington was sentenced to 20 years, 5 suspended in the shooting death of 6-year-old Kingston Frazier. Source: MDOC
"Kingston's legacy is all about stopping the violence and the killings," said Archie. "It makes absolutely no sense for anyone to take the life of a five or six or seven-year-old or a young child."
The Frazier family is holding multiple events to celebrate the life of Kingston Frazier. Below is a schedule of events:
Kingston Frazier's May Day Celebration
Saturday, May 18: 2:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m. - Kingston Frazier May Day in the Park - Parham Bridges Park - 5055 Old Canton Road
Sunday, May 19: 10:00 a.m. - Morning Star Baptist Church
Thuesday, May 23: 8:30 a.m. - Kingston Frazier Courage Award - awarded to a deserving kindergarten student at North Jackson Elementary School
The Frazier family is holding multiple events to celebrate the life of Kingston Frazier. Source: Frazier Family
Thursday, May 18 - 1:15 a.m. - 6-year-old Kingston Frazier is last seen in the parking lot of the Kroger on I-55 North in Jackson. A short time later two subjects pull up to his mother's Toyota Camry in a Honda Civic. The passenger of the Honda Civic gets out of the car and jumps inside the Camry, with the child inside, and both cars speed away from the parking lot.
Thursday, May 18 - 2:30 a.m. - A Hinds County Deputy saw a woman coming out of Kroger and she said that her car was missing.
Thursday, May 18 - 4:31 a.m. - MBI issues an Amber Alert for Kingston Frazier.
Thursday, May 18 - 7:06 a.m. - MBI releases information on second vehicle (Honda Civic) and a description of the passenger who got out of the car and stole the Camry with the child inside.
Thursday, May 18 - 9:43 a.m. - MBI cancels the Amber Alert for Kingston Frazier.
Thursday, May 18 - 9:57 a.m. - WLBT arrives to the scene in Gluckstadt where officials said the child and stolen vehicle were recovered on Gluckstadt Road.
Thursday, May 18 - 10:46 a.m. - JPD Commander Tyree Jones and Madison County Sheriff Randy Tucker confirm that 6-year-old Kingston Frazier had been found dead in the back seat of the car after being shot.
Thursday, May 18 - 11:25 a.m. - 17-year-old Dwan Diondro Wakefield, of Ridgeland, is taken into custody on Holmes Avenue in the kidnapping and slaying of the little boy.
Thursday, May 18 - 11:38 a.m. - Hinds County Sheriff's Office confirms a second person, 17-year-old DeAllen Washington, is a suspect in the kidnapping and shooting death of the child.
Thursday, May 18 - 2:24 p.m. - Washington is located and transported for questioning in the kidnapping and death of Kingston Frazier.
Thursday, May 18 - 4:00 p.m. - A third suspect, 19-year-old Byron McBride, was taken into custody.
Copyright 2019 WLBT. All rights reserved.
Waverly McCarthy
Senior Digital Content Producer
Waverly McCarthy is the Senior Digital Content Producer at WLBT and Fox40 in Jackson, MS.
Summer Tadlock
Summer Tadlock is a multimedia journalist for WLBT and Fox40 News in Jackson, MS
Ocean Springs to carve out new economic development plan after consultation
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Joyce Philippe
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New economic impact study exemplifies community colleges' importance
Brandy McGill
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Chet Landry
Three candidates qualify for Pascagoula mayoral race
WLOX Staff

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Home Grammy Juanes news Juanes named 2019 Latin Grammy person of the year
Juanes named 2019 Latin Grammy person of the year
The Latin Recording Academy® today announced 23-time Latin GRAMMY® and two-time GRAMMY-winning singer, composer, musician, and philanthropist Juanes will be the 2019 Latin Recording Academy Person of the Year™ as part of its milestone 20th anniversary.
Juanes will be honored for his creative artistry, unprecedented humanitarian efforts, support for rising artists, and philanthropic contributions to the world. Through his songs, international performances, and work with his organization Fundación Mi Sangre (My Blood Foundation), and as co-founder of Paz Sin Fronteras (Peace Without Borders), Juanes continues to raise awareness for the power and importance of peacebuilding with extraordinary credibility and consistency.
The Latin Recording Academy's Person of the Year recognition is bestowed upon musicians of Ibero American heritage in acknowledgment of their artistic achievements in the Latin music industry, their fellowship, as well as their humanitarian efforts. Past honorees include Marc Anthony, Miguel Bosé, Roberto Carlos, Plácido Domingo, Emilio Estefan, Gloria Estefan, Vicente Fernández, Juan Gabriel, Gilberto Gil, Juan Luis Guerra, Julio Iglesias, José José, Maná, Ricky Martin, Carlos Santana, Alejandro Sanz, Joan Manuel Serrat, Shakira, and Caetano Veloso.
"Juanes is young, but legendary, an artist who has inspired us through his amazing music for many years and—while doing so—he vigorously campaigned for political, social, and positive change around the world, "said Gabriel Abaroa Jr., President/CEO of The Latin Recording Academy. "His leadership and his philanthropic work, in addition to his positive messages that transcend music, speak volumes about his many contributions to the community and we are truly honored to recognize him as this year's Latin Academy Person of the Year."
"I remember attending the Latin GRAMMY nominations announcement after my first solo album was released, and becoming so overcome with emotion from the shock of hearing my name called seven times, that I had to step outside for a moment to process how my life had just changed forever," shares Juanes. "I was blessed to win three awards that year, and The Latin Recording Academy has been a fundamental part of bringing my music to a global audience ever since. Now, I am grateful and deeply honored to learn that I will get to join such illustrious artists as Juan Luis Guerra, Carlos Santana, Caetano Veloso, and more, as the Person of the Year honoree, while also helping The Latin Academy's efforts to support future generations of new Spanish-speaking artists. "
Juanes will be celebrated at a special star-studded gala featuring a heartfelt tribute concert, including renditions of his renowned repertoire performed by an impressive array of notable artists and friends on Nov. 13, 2019, at the MGM Grand Convention Center in Las Vegas.
Hailing from Medellin, Juan Esteban Aristizábal learned to play guitar from family members and co-founded the metal band Ekhymosis at 17. Following extensive success in Colombia, Juanes began a solo career with the 2000 release of his critically praised debut album, Fíjate Bien, which unveiled his ongoing distinctive sound that fuses a fierce love of rock and pop music with searing guitar skill, deeply introspective lyrics, and a proud reverence for the traditional folk and other indigenous rhythms of Colombia and Latin America. Continually expanding his artistry from his debut through his most recent innovative visual album, Mis Planes Son Amarte, Juanes has notched eight multiplatinum albums with sales of 20 million copies and 12 No. 1 singles that hold multiple chart records. Along the way, Juanes has been a leading pioneer in the global audience growth of contemporary Spanish-language music through groundbreaking performances at many of the world's most prestigious venues and television broadcasts. Notable performances include the Latin GRAMMY Awards, GRAMMY Awards®, World Cup, the Nobel Peace Prize Concert, the Kennedy Center Honors, "Sesame Street" multiple "Tonight Show" appearances, career tributes to Frank Sinatra, John Lennon, Bruce Springsteen, the Eagles, Fleetwood Mac, and more, as well as a global telecast for families at the personal request of Pope Francis.
Juanes' commitment to global activism also extends far beyond the call for social change in his passionate lyrics, with the artist dedicating vast time and energy to the philanthropic work of his Mi Sangre foundation and Paz Sin Fronteras. He has participated in countless initiatives, including performing before the European Parliament as a part of a campaign to increase awareness of the dangers of landmines around the world, and spearheading the second Paz Sin Fronteras concert for 1.2 million people in Havana. For the past 13 years, through the work of the Mi Sangre foundation, Juanes has contributed to the empowerment of at-risk children and youth in Colombia to become agents of change in their communities and to lead the construction of a culture of peace in the country. Over the years, Mi Sangre has directly and indirectly impacted almost 1.5 million people in 123 municipalities in Colombia.
Net proceeds from The Latin Academy Person of the Year gala will go toward the charitable work of the Latin GRAMMY Cultural Foundation® whose mission is to further international awareness and appreciation of the significant contributions of Latin music and its makers to the world's culture through scholarships, fellowships, grants, and educational programs. The Foundation's primary charitable focus is to provide scholarships to students interested in Latin music with financial need, as well as grants to scholars and organizations worldwide for research and preservation of diverse Latin music genres.
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Grammy Juanes news


Think of your fondest, most heartwarming holiday memories—surely many of those moments took place around the Christmas tree. It's hard to forget the joy you felt, or the wonder you've seen in your children's eyes, upon awaking on Christmas morning to the sight of Santa's bounty underneath a twinkling tree. A Christmas tree can evoke such magic and nostalgia, and remind us of what makes the holiday season so special—quality time spent with loved ones.


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REM, Lifes Rich Pageant
Upon purchasing this CD in high school I noticed that the jewel case spines were upside down and carefully detached them and taped them right side up back into position. It did not dawn on me that this might have been a deliberate artistic quirk on the bands part, like the general eschewing of apostrophes, the completely disordered track listing and the number R which comes after 3 and before 5; to this day the jewel case in my office is still like that. This is only one of the many artistic novelties of the album but the biggest was to discard generally the moody air of the troubled Fables of the Reconstruction for a lighter, more eighties-rock flair while keeping their political sensibilities intact. Indeed, lead track "Begin the Begin" reminds the listener the goal is still revolution(ary): their ecological message, soon to be developed further on Green, shines through in "Cuyahoga" replete with burning river references, the dangerous death squads of central America become the poisonous Amanita among the blooms of the populace in the Murmur-esque "The Flowers of Guatemala," and "Hyena" mixes the riff from "These Days" with a fable on the posturing of warlords and the album's most quotable lyric ("the only thing to fear is fearlessness"). Michael Stipe can still get himself tied up in his own intertexual references (witness "Just a Touch" and "Swan Swan H"), but even these are worthy listens, and the exuberant "What If We Give It Away?" and especially "I Believe" (with charismatic rattlesnake church reference) are a welcome return to classic form. The album highlight, though, is the second of two secret tracks (theres another artistic quirk), the band's cover of The Clique's "Superman," whose driving beat, surf rock harmonies and relentlessly bravado lyrics made it and keep it one of the high points in 1980's college pop. One of the last of their IRS releases, the band was poised for a new feel and a wider audience moving to Warner Brothers, but this album fortunately avoids the stylistic instability other lesser bands have suffered during those transitions and greatly to its credit. Later IRS reissues add several of the horrid crappy covers and B-sides from Dead Letter Office (q.v.), and the 25th anniversary version adds the so-called Athens Demos, early versions of Lifes tracks no one was asking for (plus a couple different crappy tracks). But then I suppose you don't have to buy Dead Letter Office to find out how bad they are, so they might be doing us a favour. (Content: no concerns.)
Labels: 4-star, rem


When a mysterious threat is delivered to the director of the Historical Heritage Museum, Boson Higgs is surprised to find himself mentioned by name. Can Higgs and his partner Brianna Green put the clues together to solve the crime?
"Chemistry...Noir!" was written and directed by Nick Martorelli. Boson Higgs was played by Lucas Nguyen, and Brianna Green by Jensen Bucher. Andrea Pinyan plays Mrs. Thackeray, and Matt Dell'Olio plays Mr. Tritton and Mr. Reynolds. Live sound mixing by Sarah J Gafgen, who also stage managed. Live sound effects performed by members of the cast.
This episode was recorded live on November 5, 2010, as part of First Friday programming at the Chemical Heritage Foundation.
If you like what you hear, you can reach us directly at RadioHoundProductions@gmail.com. And if you want to learn more about us, visit www.radiohoundproductions.org. Another episode of Boson Higgs, Science Detective will be released in two weeks. In the meantime, stay tuned for another episode of "The Stray Dogs Project."


I shouldn't keep falling for this. Mom wants a happy family and we, her four kids (um, make that adults), keep trying to pretend that we are. For the most part, that is true – we get along very well.
Except that we are three introverts and one extravert. The extravert doesn't understand the problem. I've heard that extraverts never do and if I think about it, that might be true. After all, if an extravert reaches "outside" for the answers, then he would (and he does) think there's something wrong with us. We three introverts, on the other hand, look inside ourselves and see a no-fault difference. We need a bit of quiet to energize, and our extravert sibling needs people and action to energize.
Sometimes I visit my extravert sibling for the weekend (to please Mom). Nothing goes smoothly, because we are opposites. At night, Bro tells me – and this always surprises me – about our schedule for the next morning (remember this is Saturday). I am to take my shower at 7am and he is to take his shower fifteen minutes later. Do you see how differently we perceive that? I, the introvert, want to sit quietly with a cup of coffee and eventually have a leisurely shower. Bro, on the other hand, wants to fling himself in the shower and out into the world as fast as possible. He wants to have breakfast in public, preferably at sidewalk tables, with people yammering and traffic whizzing back and forth. I'll do it, but I really want breakfast in bed with a good book.
Speaking of reading, I've noticed that my extravert brother reads books the way I exercise – twenty minutes, three times a week, and thank heaven it's over. I think the twenty minutes of solitude must be agony for him, the way that twenty minutes of a crowded gym is agony for me.
It takes me a week of re-energizing quiet time to recover from an exhausting action-packed weekend with my extravert brother.
But it makes Mom so happy.


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Sensitivity Reading
July 2018 Roundup
Georgina Kamsika
Blog, Roundup
Clarion West Write-A-Thon 2019: Week Three
Clarion West Write-A-Thon 2019: Week Two
Clarion West Write-A-Thon 2019: Week One
March 2019 Roundup
February 2019 Roundup
January 2019 Roundup
2015 Roundup
Blog, Info
2015 was a good year for many things – for women to take lead roles in major films, for non-whites to do the same thing, for the best-written game ever to have been released and for the strange explosion of Asians onto TV.
Gaming was weird in 2015. We struggled with some massive droughts of where there just weren't any good multiplayer games, or even single player games. In May – that changed.
Witcher 3
I've talked about Witcher 3 before [link], but it doesn't hurt to reiterate just how damn awesome the game is. It is so well made, with pinpoint execution, loving care and massive scale. Never before have I played a game world that actually felt like a world that changed and reacted with your decisions. (Remember when BioWare claimed Kirkwall did that in Dragon Age 2? Yeah, no.) It's actually hard to explain just how good the sidequests are, because they're not 'kill 10 rats', but each one can become a large, branching event that you can follow up until they sprawl around the game world.
The world itself is beautifully written, with many subtle Easter eggs. Or not so subtle.
Plus Gwent. Never underestimate Gwent.
Fallout 4 got a strange critical reception, but it really worked for me. It's your usual Bethesda game, huge open world, unimportant main quest, hundreds of tiny hidden stories to find and explore. There were some nice innovations I liked – the companions, while not BioWare level of virtual bae – are deeper than usual, with more backstory and a simple affinity system. Plus there's this whole new base building part which made the game for me.
I've always loved a game that gave you a base, but this one lets you actually build one. I could spend hours clearing a ramshackle area then adding new buildings and furniture and shops. The controls were beyond awful but the game itself worked well. I really hope they keep expanding this part of their engine.
Fallout 4 also had a lot of great Easter eggs. For a game all about synthetic humans, my favourites were the Blade Runner ones.
This one was a nice surprise. It's basically an archive of videos that you slowly unlock, which allows you to solve a crime.
It's a cold case where a man died under mysterious circumstances. You're given access to the interviews with his wife. As you listen, you might spot keywords to search on again which might unlock more videos. Because of the way you build the database, it's a completely non-linear narrative and works perfectly as a game.
This is an episodic story about a high school girl Max who can rewind time, which may or may not be because of, or causing, the giant swirling vortex coming up in her future.
It's actually a game where I'd wish they'd kept it just as an episodic story – some of the puzzles were a little ropey – but it's still a top notch game that covers everything from boys with a crush to lifelong friendships, suicide, and time manipulation. The last episode (barring a short puzzle/maze bit I didn't care for) was a cracking piece of storytelling.
I had every intention of noting all my books on Goodreads, I managed in 2014, but I failed about halfway through the year, so this bit, which should be the longest section is strangely empty. I am aiming to do better this year.
I'm also keeping this very spoiler free because books should be a surprise. First, there were four excellent books out by my Clarion West family. They're all amazing and worth reading.
Alyc Helms – The Dragons of Heaven
Blythe Woolston – MARTians
Helen Marshall – Gifts for the One Who Comes After
Indra Das – The Devourers
Other books that really stood out for me were a new David Mitchell – Slade House. Like Matryoshka nesting dolls, the stories fit inside each other, growing closer and closer to an incredible climax. Made all the worse for having followed his twitter set up story. Heartbreakingly good.
I'll mention The Martian and link to my earlier review. It's also got a cracking film out now that captures a good part of the spirit of the book. I'd recommend reading the book first if at all possible.
I found Patrick Ness due to twitter. He started a campaign for Syrian refugees and it was so lovely to see him drumming up support. He was funny and it made me pick up his books. After reading one, I went out and got all his books. This was a big chunk of my reading last year.
Finally, I'll link to a wonderful obituary for Terry Pratchett.
Mad Max: Fury Road.
The really impressive franchise reboot this year remains 'Mad Max: Fury Road' — which had a fantastic story and structure, two great performances, old-fashioned practical effects, and the original auteur at the helm.
George Miller achieves an unparalleled act of world-building with his return to post-apocalyptic Australia 30 years after 'Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome.' It's a testament to how well made the film is that it's earned 10 Oscar nominations, surprising considering action blockbusters aren't often recognised.
The second big franchise of the year was of course Star Wars. I'll stick with Nige's breathless review for now, but I've seen it four times in all and while it's not perfect by any means, it's a great attempt at bringing some life back into the story. I've got a lot of hopes for a more character-driven episode 8, so let's hope for that.
Plus we had a lot of fun at the midnight showing.
VIDEO: Amazing @starwars costumed fans @CineSheff for first midnight screening – look at this!!! pic.twitter.com/8ooqwwPWts
— Graham Walker (@GW1962) December 17, 2015
A brilliant fake documentary chronicling the lives of the undead, "What We Do in the Shadows" is fresh and funny.
New Zealanders Jemaine Clement (HBO's "Flight of the Conchords") and Taika Waititi ("Green Lantern") co-write, direct and star in the mockumentary which is full of sight gags, straight-faced silliness and pretty solid character development. Some of my favourite moments were the interactions between the ancient vampires and the werewolves they run into.
I'm actually sad I didn't love this more. I tend to love Alex Garland's scripts – Sunshine being a real favourite of mine, and while Ex Machina has some neat ideas, it's ruined for me by drawing from the boring old trope of sexy robots. If I've seen one 'man wants to shag a robot' film, I've seen them all.
Admittedly, Ex Machina is better than most for the brilliant acting, beautiful cinematography, lovely special effects – but at its core it's a film about two horrible misogynists fighting in their own way over a sexy 'female' robot.
Probably worth watching just for Oscar Isaac's dancing alone, but one day it would be nice to see a film about a female AI that isn't instantly about how sexy she is.
Where Are We Going? Some Reflections on British Horror
Carnival!
November 2018 Roundup
December 2018 Roundup
© 2018 Georgina Kamsika


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Home › Cohorts › NLSY79 › Topical Guide to the Data › Household, Geography & Contextual Variables ›
NLSY79 Children
Mature and Young Women
Older and Young Men
Household, Geography & Contextual Variables
Household, Geographic & Contextual Variables: An Introduction
Geographic Residence & Neighborhood Composition
Race, Ethnicity & Immigration Data
Computer & Internet Access
Important Information About Using Gender Data
During screening, sex was determined by observation and asked directly of respondents only if it was "not obvious" to the interviewer. On March 1, 1986, 'Sex of R' was changed for 45 cases as a result of inconsistencies generated from interviewer checks for respondent's sex in the fertility section of the 1982 survey instrument; three additional cases were changed shortly thereafter. Each of these cases was verified by NORC for accuracy. 'Sex of R' (R02148.) for the following identification codes (R00001.) was changed:
From male to female: 712, 1306, 1933, 2212, 2286, 2287, 2433, 3960, 4157, 6102, 7571, 7645, 7890, 8542, 8690, 8826, 9150, 9713, 10511, and 12676
From female to male: 1663, 3388, 3582, 3583, 3865, 4524, 4579, 4917, 5929, 6198, 6360, 6466, 6840, 7620, 7624, 8321, 8543, 8596, 9166, 9555, 10347, 11110, 11114, 12257, and 12387
The variable series 'Int Remarks - Sex of R,' provides interviewers' observations of the sex of the respondent for the 1982-1986 and 1988-1998 survey years. These observations are subject to a small degree of error from erroneous interviewer observation or recoding and data entry error. When using this series of variables, a small number of respondents may appear to "change" sex across surveys.
Variables available within the NLSY79 provide information on the sex of each respondent, their children, and members of their household. Information on the sex of the respondent can be found in:
a single 1979 variable, 'Sex of R' (R02148)
a set of yearly interviewer remarks variables, 'Int Remarks - Sex of R'
The 1979 'Sex of R' variable (R02148.) is derived from R01736., 'Sample Identification Code,' a variable which defines each respondent's membership in one of the subsamples that compose the NLSY79 (such as the "cross-sectional male, nonblack/non-Hispanic poor," "supplemental female black," and so forth). Subsample identification was based on information gathered during the 1978 household screening.
Comparison to Other NLS Cohorts: Sex for all biological children born to female members of the NLSY79 is available. Information on sex is also available for the NLSY97. Sex is implicit by membership in the Original Cohorts. For more precise details about the content of each survey, consult the appropriate cohort's User's Guide using the tabs above for more information.
Survey Instruments and Documentation A copy of the 1978 Household Screener used to collect information on sex of the respondent and other household members can be found in the Household Screener and Interviewer's Reference Manual (NORC 1978). Interviewer observations are recorded in the final section of each questionnaire, entitled "Interviewer's Remarks." Household members' sex is collected during the administration of the Household Interview Forms. A copy of the Information Sheet, containing sex of respondents' children, can be found near the beginning of the yearly Question by Question Specifications. The CRF is a separate child "inventory" referenced in the "Fertility" section of the questionnaire; sample copies can be found in the Question by Question Specifications. Finally, a general description of the derivation of the Supplemental Fertility File variables, such as sex of children, appears in Appendix 5 in the NLSY79 Codebook Supplement.
Areas of Interest All sex variables discussed above are located on the main NLSY79 data set. 'Sex of R' (R02148.) and the 'Sample Identification Code' (R01736.) can be found in the "Common" area of interest, while the interviewer remarks variables are located in "Interviewer Remarks." The Supplemental Fertility File variables have been placed in "Fertility and Relationship History/Created." Children's sex, listed separately for biological and nonbiological children on the CRF, are in area of interest "Child Record Form/Biological" and "Child Record Form/Nonbiological," respectively. Variables collected during the household interview can be found in "Household Record," and variables from the Household Screener are housed in "Misc."
Asterisk Tables
Marital History, Childcare & Fertility
Crime & Substance Use


Abuja – Barring any unforeseen development in the polity, going into the 2019 general elections, President Muhammadu Buhari will run for re-election as a consensus candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC), Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives, Hon. Sulaimon Lasun Yussuf, has said.
Lasun stated this while fielding questions from journalists during a press briefing by APC House Caucus in Abuja.
Lasun also disclosed that the National Assembly is set to reconvene on Tuesday next week to consider issues surrounding the supplementary budget, as well as approval of funds for the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to enable it prepare for the elections.
This was as the Caucus called for urgent and thorough investigation into the invasion of the legislature by armed men from the Department of State Services (DSS) on Tuesday.
Rising from a Caucus meeting which lasted for over three hours on Thursday, the Caucus also lamented the partisan dimension which interpretations of what it described as "unfortunate" invasion has taken, both in the media as well as the opposition.
Lasun, apparently referring to the posturing by the Honourable Abdulmumin Jibrin-led 'Parliament Support Group', a pro-Buhari group in the House of Reps, insisted that "nobody, no matter the group he/she belongs to can say that they like and support President Buhari more that the APC Caucus, adding that "the Caucus remains one united body.
"Before the march into 2015, I was already campaigning for Buhari in 2014, and the party's national leadership and all its organs have agreed in principle that the President will be our consensus candidate in 2019.
"Mark my words, I said in principle. And when the time for primaries reaches for candidates to be elected, we are all going to adopt President Buhari as a consensus candidate of the APC, so let nobody come to deceive anyone that they love the President or Nigeria more than some of us," he said.
While reacting to questions as to when the National Assembly would return from its ongoing annual recess to consider requests put forward by President Muhammadu Buhari, Lasun said the National Assembly would reconvene by Tuesday next week, adding that any extension wouldn't go beyond Wednesday.
"First, let me make one thing very clear that we are on a lawful break. We didn't just adjourned in order to run away from our duties, but went on recess at the time we normally have our annual recess. But based on the President's request and the meeting we held with INEC Chairman on Wednesday, we are convinced on the need to reconvene and address them," he said.
On the DSS invasion of the National Assembly, House Leader, Femi Gbajabiamila who led the media briefing condemned the development, saying that no democrat should in good conscience, condone the any illegal operation by DSS operatives.
"We are aware of what happened here a few days ago when the institution of National Assembly was shut down by men of the DSS. Since then, there have been lots of spins with stories in the media as to whether it was orchestrated by people from our party or not.
"But we stand here today to condemn the unfortunate assault on our democracy and constitution, and coming here, we would have loved to have our PDP colleagues here with us, because, in 2014 when a similar thing occurred, our PDP colleagues stood by us, and so we would have loved to stand shoulder to shoulder with them, but unfortunately, this thing has taken a partisan coloration.
"But in order to unravel the truth behind the ugly incident, we, the APC House Caucus are hereby calling for an urgent and a thorough investigation into the matter, and we want to appeal to our PDP colleagues not to use this to malign the party or the President as he knew nothing about this – which was why he summarily fired the DSS boss," Gbajabiamila said.
A palm wine tapper climbs top of the palm tree not too far from the village to tap the wine, from that height, He could see the only church in the village. He could see the church members and all the activities going on within the church. He recognises the regular faces of these church goers. He knows them.
Few days later, He went into the bush to tap palm wine as usual. From the top of the tree, he was able to see the native shrine and the witch doctor that manages the shrine. He was also able to see the regular patrons of the shrine and could recognised each of them.
One day he was asked by his wife why he doesn't go to church, He replied …. NA THE SAME PEOPLE OOH.
His brother who is a traditionalist also asked him why he never pours libation to the gods of the land, He replied…. NA THE SAME PEOPLE OOH.
They were confused but he alone knew what he meant. NA THE SAME PEOPLE DEY GO CHURCH and SHRINE at the same time.
2019 is close, NA THE SAME PEOPLE SINCE 1960 or their CRONIES DEY RULE US.
NA THE SAME PEOPLE WEY SHOUT POWER DEY SHOUT CHANGE TODAY.
NA THE SAME PEOPLE WEY DEY CHANGE PARTY LIKE CLOTH.
NA THE SAME PEOPLE WEY WEAR KHAKI DEY WEAR AGBADA NOW.
NA THE SAME PEOPLE WEY DEM CALL CORRUPT NAIM DEM DEY HOST FOR LONDON.
NA THE SAME IMPOVERISHED MASSES DEY ALWAYS SUPPORT THEM.
Na The same people wey our youth de mumu de carry gun de go kill people for them,while their children de abroad de enjoy.
Youths Our mumu don do,no more carrying of gun for anyone,we must vote the right youths into power.


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Bengal's 80's Retrospective Part VII (re-release)
December 30, 2021 May 3, 2022 / bengalcritiques
After many delays due to other contemporary topics to write about, I'm back to another of what is destined to be possibly hundreds of entries in this Retrospective series, as I'm doing these movies 4 at a time, with few exceptions. After around maybe the 20th entry, I might denote the normal number along with the Roman numeral, not that there is really any need to read these in order.
Used Cars (1980)
Image from Pinterest (Where they're going, they don't need roads. Or scruples.)
Robert Zemeckis' second movie, four years before his financial big break with Romancing the Stone and five before cementing himself as one of Hollywood's new giants with Back to the Future, is a darkly comic sign of things to come.
His first flick, I want to hold your Hand, all about a bunch of Beatles fangirls trying to meet the fab four at Ed Sullivan, mirrors Used Cars as both were kindly received by the critics yet were box office failures. I probably should check out Zemeckis' first one day but because it was released in the 70s', I refrained from watching it.
Why this originally failed is what I'm wondering.
Romancing the Stone, which is on my list for 80s' viewing for this site, likely won people over with it being an action-adventure/rom-com hybrid, a cheeky alternative to the concurrently releasing Indiana Jones movies, funny considering Zemeckis and Spielberg's friendship and partnership over BTTF. Back to the Future, well, that is one of Hollywood's most legendary sleeper hits, coming out of nowhere in the Summer of 1985 to be the year's biggest film, and oh so deserving of it.
Why couldn't Zemeckis' flicks about 60's fangirls and comically scummy used car salesman engender the same success? Of course, few directors launch themselves into both critical and monetary stardom at the start and maybe it was that factor alone that stymied Forrest Gump's eventual director early on. Of course, the success of his filmography starting with either Stone or Future made his first two retroactively viewed and re-evaluated, as is want to happen. Similar to how the meteoric success of Final Fantasy VII led to greater attention to the first six games, especially for IV and VI.
Used Cars' subject matter and mostly cynical depiction of human behavior might've also contributed to it being initially a financial clunker. It's the story of two used car dealerships, located uniquely enough in Phoenix, Arizona. Two aging dealership owners, both played by Jack Warden and both named as a profane joke (Roy L. Fuchs and Luke Fuchs) are ever at odds, wanting the other to fall out of business. The much younger Rudy, played by our boy Kurt Russell, is the one who directly operates the dealership of the "lesser evil" due to the brother on that end being the eldest and having some severe heart issues.
One of the "greater evil" brother's(Roy) plots leads to the other brother (Luke) dying and what does in the brother is just sad. While both Fuchs brothers are shysters, seeing how Roy's henchmen kills Luke was plain cruel and hard to watch. Upon realizing what has happened to Luke, Rudy and his fellow dealership workers fake his survival, all so Roy can't get that dealership and increase his fortunes. a battle of wits, scams and lemons begins between Rudy's bad and Roy's worse.
Rudy's schemes to get people to buy his set of bad cars is always framed as being less egregious than Roy's more morally damning behavior. Some of it is just mischievous if still illegal, like hijacking a TV broadcast to promote the dealership, leading to a juvenile but still effective gag at their expense.
Eventually, Luke's estranged daughter Barbara (Deborah Harmon) arrives on the scene and both complicates and in a roundabout way later assists in keeping Rudy's dealership from falling into Roy's hands. It culminates in a legal battle over the number of cars Rudy claims to possess (a full mile of them) and if Roy wins the case, that will end the war of the con artists on the side of the guy who killed his own brother.
The set piece for how Rudy and Barbara plan to get those cars onto the lot in time to impress the judge( who is so, so eager to give out capital punishments) is pretty audacious and was a sign of how good Zemeckis was as a director who can coordinate a lot simultaneously and also foreshadows the high speed DeLorean antics of the Back to the Future trilogy.
Using hundreds of driving school students, a bunch of abandoned cars are fixed and made drivable( if nearly so) and are driven across the Arizona terrain to the dealership with the timer counting down before the judge comes to measure the length of all the cars. It leads to what is basically "Mad Max as a comedy". It honestly resembles some of the bigger sequences from Fury Road though far less physically and technically taxing as a sequence.
Your mileage on the dark and bawdy comedy will vary, and I was often rotating between being impressed and disquieted, but it is ultimately an impressive early showing for Robert Zemeckis and friends, an indicator that there was indeed a bigwig in the making. It earns the reputation of being a once overlooked, now proper cult classic, rather than an embarrassing growing pain.
Dangerous Encounters of the First Kind (1980) (HK)
Image by Neatly Arranged Rubbish (This film is insane.)
From director Tsui Hark, the man who would eventually give us, in my own words, the Chinese Evil Dead with A Chinese Ghost Story, comes a tale of a group of Hong Kong teens with a penchant for making nonlethal explosives who meet a mentally disturbed teenage girl. A girl who has a penchant for torturing animals. It is as offputting as it sounds but it is yet an arresting dark dramedy.
Those three teen boys, Paul, Lung and Ko are pranksters, performing harmless yet still disruptive gags across town. They meet that demented girl Wan-Chu after running from the scene of their latest prank. She'll rat out the boys unless they play along with her own extreme series of pranks. All of this while having her brother Tan be part of the HKPD.
The new crazier series of pranks gets them wrapped up in organized crime and a conspiracy involving Caucasian gun runners. The situation is both comical and distressingly dark as it keeps on getting worse and worse and worse and the youthful recklessness of those same kids exacerbates matters that left me struggling between a groan and a laugh. It all culminates in a group of mob hitmen hunting down the kids at a mountainside cemetery with Tan being the only one with any chance of saving their hapless asses.
I was only able to find Dangerous Encounters on Youtube, for free but on copied over VHS quality, the same as when I watched Sweet Home for Halloween Horrorthon. It was intelligible enough but I really wished a better version of this film was available to watch as it really deserves to be seen crisply.
I don't really know the full extent of Hong Kong politics, not as much as I maybe should, but Dangerous Encounters is seen as being a politically charged film, towards the contemporary politics of the British Protectorate in 1980. 17 years away is the giving away of the city state back to mainland China, noteworthy in that the U.K. actually honored the deal.
Of course, HK going back to mainland China eventually led to a slow disintegration of the metropolis' democratic institutions, as evidenced by the many protests that have made international news in recent years. But how does that actually fit with this movie? At the end of the film, as the last surviving teen fires an assault rifle in the air out of frustration from what had transpired, photos of the 1967 Hong Kong riots scroll across the screen.
Those protests involved pro-CCP (Chinese Communist Party) advocates using deadly force, including bombs. It was reflective not so much of a yearning from the populace to have a Communist takeover occur, but an expression of frustration over the British government not governing well enough, which they themselves would later admit to.
Is Dangerous Encounters of the First Kind pro-Communist, in favor of the ultimately quelled pro-CCP protesters? I have no idea, and it wasn't until the very end of the movie that any concrete mention of something related to that history was brought up.
In spite of what is or is not the intended political takeaways, Dangerous Encounters of the First Kind is best viewed as a darkly comic crime story with some pretty exceptional set pieces. The three that stand out are as follows.
The first is the girl taking control of a tourist bus, asking them all to strip to their underwear, ordering the driver on a merry chase for the cops. She keeps the driver and tourists in check with threat of setting off a DIY explosive. Not for any political or cultural statement. Because she can, because she's bored. A dog chasing cars. The boys have the tools, she has the twisted imagination for them.
The second is an underground parking lot meeting that ends up being a run for dear life for the three boys as a seemingly unending number of mooks pour in trying to kill them, all set to this strangely soothing song that I first heard, funnily enough in the radio for Grand Theft Auto IV.
From Youtube (Very laid back track for what is happening in that scene.)
The third is the aforementioned cemetery finale, that is both literally and figuratively, quite gut-wrenching, and probably not for the reasons you might think, mostly.
Rarely has such a dark, ethically upsetting movie felt like an honest to god popcorn entertainment to me. Despite the unfortunate, occasionally obscuring VHS quality, I was having a really great time mostly due to the fact I really had no idea where it was going, what kind of comeuppance for our adolescent characters was or was not lying in wait on the horizon.
While it is quite easy to sympathize with the three boys as they never wanted to go as far as they did, and were all but blackmailed into it by the girl, you keep hoping she gets what's coming to her, especially due to her being responsible for a grisly end to a poor stray cat. You're also left wondering if her sane detective brother can make it out of the web of trouble she ends up creating alive.
Dangerous Encounters of the First Kind is not for everyone. I have a generally strong as steel skin for this kind of subject matter and am honestly drawn to stories that can be both morally grey yet entertaining, even better if you add a delicious spice of black humor to make its ironies in play sing to me. If you want a less perturbing Hong Kong experience from Tsui Hark, A Chinese Ghost Story is ready and waiting for you.
If you can find a version of the movie that is better than VHS, hit me up with where it's at.
Breaker Morant (1980) (Australia)
Image from Criterion Collection (These three from down under are in trrrooouble.)
Renowned Australian director Bruce Beresford (Crimes of the Heart, Driving Miss Daisy) swears up and down that the central, titular figure of his 1980 historical drama was in fact a bad dude. I believe him when he says that but I can understand why it might be hard to parse out the intended authorial intent here.
During the Second Boer War in the 1900s, fought in South Africa, Harry "Breaker" Morant (Edward Woodward) and two of his fellow Australian soldier pals are put on trial for committing war crimes. It is noteworthy for being possibly the first prosecution of war crimes in Britain's very long military history. The three men are on trial for executing captured, defenseless Boer (Afrikaners, Dutch colonists in Africa) prisoners of war as well as a peaceful German pastor who was by all accounts completely not a threat to Morant's regiment.
The excuse given is that one of Morant's friends, Captain Simon Hunt, was killed by Boers during a skirmish at a farmhouse. Despite Hunt dying more or less within the rules of engagement, Morant and his two subordinates, Lt. Peter Handcock (Bryan Brown) and Lt. George Witton (Lewis Fitz-Gerald) are pissed off at his death and want some revenge. They claim they were in their rights to commit the war crime due to fighting against a guerilla army.
Due to how creepily effective guerilla warfare can be, more so on a psychological level, Morant believes more "extreme" methods are justifiable. He calls it rule "303", named after the class of bullets their bolt action rifles use. Maybe something could be said of that rule against the Boers but does it really hold up when some poor German missionary also gets rule 303, under the weak auspices he could've been a Boer spy?
The film does draw attention to the idea that the British military had condoned this contemptible practice up to a point and only when it became politically convenient do they now rule it as the atrocity it always was. That being said, Morant and friends did go ahead and ,"ahem", follow those orders. They are still meant to be held accountable for committing unjustifiable acts, even by the standards of their era.
These "stiff upper lip" gentlemen of the British empire, albeit Australian, let their emotions and paranoia get the better of them and they ultimately pay the price with their deaths or imprisonment. Morant and Handcock are executed ironically through firing squad at sunrise and Witton, due to having a less damning part to play in the crimes, is sent to a penal colony. Considering he's Australian, that is quite ironic as well.
Fun history fact: In the sequence where Morant and Handcock walk to the two chairs on the bluff where they will meet their ends, they solemnly hold hands and keep holding them into they leave the mortal coil. The filmmakers had no idea while filming that the real Morant and Handcock did the exact same thing during their final moments. They thought it was an "addition" that would be suitably dramatic. What are the odds?
Of course, if justice was fully served in response to the deaths of those P.O.Ws and that German minister, the higher ups that had allowed "rule 303" up until that point would've have also been condemned and punished in the military tribunal. More firing squads or penal servitude would've been served up. Alas.
So, it can be said fairly that Morant, Handcock and Witton where both perpetrator and victim, not one or the other. No one should call them hero and yet the nature of the trial they went through and that Witton following his prison time wrote a book in sterling defense of Morant and Handcock created a modern Australian myth: that in truth the three men were tragic "heroes", victims of the powers that be back on the English island.
It all but certainly is tied into Australian nationalist identity, one of the sparks that would in time lead to full-on independence from the British empire. The more understandable grievance that both Australia and New Zealand for that matter would use to support a peaceful separation from the Empire were the ghastly losses they suffered fighting in World War 1 a little over a decade after the Morant trial.
The tragic history of the Australian/New Zealander soldiers (ANZACs) were most noteworthy in the appalling battle of Gallipoli, as dramatized in another Australian film, Peter Weir's Gallipoli, starring Mel Gibson. WW1 was full of lopsided bloodbaths, but Gallipoli stood out in its pure hopelessness and needless loss of men and supplies. It is one of the most recognized failures of Winston Churchill's career. For more contemporary audiences, 2016's Battlefield 1 presented Gallipoli as an insanely bloody fiasco. So severe was Gallipoli alone that both nations recognize the conflict that enabled their national consciousness with ANZAC day, April 25th every year.
So, yes, the people of Australia and New Zealand definitely had justifiable beef with the British Empire's management of their Commonwealths. Thankfully, both stuck around to help out the U.K. during WW2. Hell, they may have still been Britain's ally out of mutual necessity anyway.
That being said, the pseudo-history surrounding Breaker Morant is unfortunate. Beresford never intended for his movie to add to that mythology. He wanted to show that even affirmed war criminals can have moments of genuine humanity, that before the acts they committed they could be and were agreeable people, with those that loved them and that they loved back. If anything, it should make the criminal behavior they still committed be more disturbing.
If it could happen to Breaker and friends, it could happen to you. Worst of all, in the century that has passed since the Second Boer war, it has happened many, many times, let alone from my own country. Consider the war crimes committed by Americans in both Vietnam and the endless War on Terror. Think about those perpetrators and what good they had lived before those acts. Some might've or are sociopaths or psychopaths, not all were. Think about this if you decide serving your country militarily is for you.
Could you do better than Breaker Morant? Could I?
Shaan (with a little bit of Sholay) (1980) (India)
Image from MUBI (Why yes, he does remind one of Telly Savalas from a certain Bond film…)
When it comes to bengalcritiques being a more comprehensive deep-dive into 80s' cinema than most, I do try to mean it. When you think of 80s' moviemaking, your thoughts are likely drawn mostly to what Hollywood was making at the time. Maybe some English language foreign films can also count, mostly from the U.K.
Well, I have been showcasing some non-American 1980s' pictures, as is obvious from having just talked about a Hong Kong and Australian flick.
Well, Indian cinema definitely should factor into the equation and Bollywood alone has for damn certain pulled its weight in this decade and possibly every decade since they started making movies. Bollywood makes the most movies every year of any nation and that's not counting the also lucrative Tollywood and Kollywood markets, which in more recent years have achieved better outside recognition. That being said, when you think of Indian movies, Bollywood is at the forefront of the average person's understanding.
They are known for being long, full of musical numbers, many subplots to justify lengths that surpass 2 and a half hours or longer, as well as a curious mix of different genres all in one. A Bollywood action movie is rarely just an action movie. It can and likely will include comedy, romance, musicals and cultural/political commentary. Yes, non-Indian films are perfectly capable of mixing genres too, but Bollywood showcases its at times bewildering hybridization of subject matters and tone which likely helped lead to this side of World cinema having an international following.
Before I talk about the first of many, many, many, many Bollywood films to be featured down the road of Bengal's 80s' Retrospective, let's talk about the 1975 landmark title that is arguably the film that patented what Bollywood films would be for decades to come, perhaps even unto present day: Sholay.
Image from OdishaTV (So happy together….)
If you have already watched a more recent Bollywood movie, a movie that came out after Sholay, you may wonder what the big deal is. Well, a trend in moviemaking has to start somewhere. Sholay was and remains one of the most financially successful Bollywood productions of all time, and by extension might make it one of the most successful motion pictures ever made. The sheer size of India's population makes a Bollywood success appear far more massive than most Hollywood success stories.
It is the tale of two charming Indian rogues, criminals with a heart of gold. While being taken to prison on a train, they assist the cop who has them in custody with fighting off bandits raiding the train. For their efforts, the cop lets them go, so long as they stay out of trouble, pinky promise.
The two go on a series of merry adventures, where their criminal behavior is more playful and mischievous than anything else, such as intentionally getting in prison so they can troll a Hitler-looking prison warden among other things. Eventually, the cop they helped asks them to come to his valley home: he needs their assistance with helping his home village fight off the notorious Gabbar Singh. Singh is a vicious bandit leader who not only wants tribute from the all but helpless village but loves to torment them as well.
Singh has become one of the most beloved villains in Bollywood cinema, as recognized and remembered as Darth Vader and Hannibal Lecter is to American viewers. He has specifically been parodied and referenced in many films made after Sholay. He certainly does more than a few truly heinous things to make me not forget him anytime soon.
The two far more heroic crooks come to the village's aid, acting as armed guards and scouts, basically Seven Samurai minus five. They do take their absolute sweet time actually trying to fight Singh head on. Why? Well we have almost three hours to fill silly! We have lavish, elaborate musical numbers, budding romances and revelations on how much Singh has personally wronged the cop alone.
Because of the format insisting on a near three hour narrative structure, when the two good crooks do decide to finally stop Singh once and for all, it can feel abrupt and sudden, almost like the movie just realized, "Oh, crap, we got to wrap this up now! Get cracking!" That is a feeling that also registered in a later Bollywood film to be discussed, but not in Shaan.
Shaan is directed by Ramesh Sippy, the man behind Sholay and also stars two of its leads, the ones who played those lovable rogues. In Shaan, we once again initially follow a somewhat overweight but no less badass Indian Supercop, going toe to toe with the scum of Mumbai's underworld (Bollywood is derived from Mumbai, or Bombay). He remains consistently disappointed that his two younger brothers, both con men, fail to live up to his own lawful standards.
Eventually, the eldest brother's law-protecting actions makes him a target of Mumbai's underworld boss and from that moment, he is doomed. Shaakal is the boss and he can be described less like the Kingpin from Marvel comics (despite also being bald) and more like he is a bonafide James Bond villain. I made him the header image for this section for a reason.
Remember how I said Bollywood films can have tonal whiplash almost as a feature of the style rather than a bug? Well, once Shaakal enters the picture, it becomes an Indian James Bond movie, minus all the sexy stuff that remains for the most part a big no-no to Indian cinematic custom. Even the act of romantic kissing is shooed away, as the next Bollywood film I will cover makes an outright joke about. However, the Bond villain, his supercool island lair, offing henchmen that fail him and loving the sound of his own voice, that is beautifully preserved for your enjoyment. Basically, you get to hear Blofeld in Hindu and I think you will like that a lot.
There is no specific James Bond character but instead a band of Indian heroes who decide to take the fight to Shaakal personally. The two con artist brothers and their quasi-girlfriends/love interests, and a remorseful agent of Shaakal come together to first infiltrate the villain's operations and then confront him directly.
It's a testament to the flexibility in translation of the Bond movie formula that even a sexual expression prohibitive culture like India can get a knack out of something from England's most famous secret agent. Of course, the budget of Shaan is not really up to snuff with most if any Bond film, let alone at the time, but the attempt is heartfelt and the production value impressive still, all things considered.
When Shaakal's base predictably starts blowing up like with the average Bond villain lair, starting all the way back with Dr. No, you might be genuinely surprised at how effective a copy it is of what can be gleaned from what was then nearly 20 years of 007 action.
If the Bond but Indian stuff isn't enough, there is still plenty of impromptu musical numbers, songs that love repeating the same sentences over and over and of course, the amusing mix of comedic silliness and dramatic self-seriousness that is part of the exotic appeal of a Bollywood movie, even if the ingredients are commonly derived from something Western. Just a reminder of India's extremely complicated history as being once part of the British Empire.
If you have the spare time for a full on Bollywood experience from decades past, I would probably suggest Sholay first as it is a landmark, trendsetting experience. I saw Shaan first, not realizing it was from the same people that made Sholay. Upon discovering that, I saw Sholay next with my dad before venturing to my next film, Bollywood or not.
Of the two, I actually enjoyed Shaan more, mostly due to the novelty of seeing a 007 film being given the Bollywood treatment at all and solidly. Shaakal alone is worth the price of rental though of course you will have to wait a while because Indian cinema likes them long. It might be a testament to the concept that maybe one of the Indian people's cultural tenets is that of patience. Not that you will be bored before Bolly-Blofeld shows up.
Next time: A 2021 best of the year countdown and after that, TBD.
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Bengal's Ten Best of 2021 (with probable Spoilers) →


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FLA: Super Deduction will not ensure growth in its current form
17.04.2021: The Finance & Leasing Association (FLA) and the British Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association (BVRLA) have asked the Government to amend the Super Deduction initiative
The Finance & Leasing Association (FLA) and the British Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association (BVRLA) have asked the Government to amend the Super Deduction initiative to boost investment in plant and machinery by extending it to include leasing and plant hire – two of the most common ways that these assets are acquired by businesses.
In letters to Government Ministers, both trade associations have welcomed the aim of Super Deduction – its allowance of 130% on new plant and machinery investments that would normally qualify for only an 18% allowance will certainly make some investment more attractive.
However, at a time when some businesses can ill-afford to make large capital expenditures, leasing or short-term hire are particularly attractive routes to acquiring newer and more productive plant and machinery. For others, these options make good business sense because the assets will only be used for limited periods or need to be updated regularly.
Expanding the scope of Super Deduction to include leasing and plant hire would benefit a much broader range of businesses and stimulate growth across all sectors – which is exactly what the recovery requires.
Stephen Haddrill, Director General of the FLA said:
"The Government's decision to restrict the scope of the super deduction amounts to a serious missed opportunity to boost investment. The idea that businesses grow and become more productive by buying plant and machinery outright is out-dated. Leasing and hire make far more sense.
"It preserves cash in the business and can avoid having expensive equipment that stands idle. 70% of construction plant and machinery is hired in for specific periods for this reason. Government support needs to be designed around the way business is actually done not around the way HMRC still thinks it is done."
Gerry Keaney, Chief Executive of the BVRLA said:
"The Government understands the important role that the vehicle leasing sector plays in delivering the UK's road transport decarbonisation goals. This makes it all the more disappointing that leased vehicles have been omitted from the eligibility criteria of Super Deduction. This is a huge oversight, and an example of where the Government has failed to align its fiscal and environmental policies.
"An increasing number of individuals and businesses are turning to the leasing sector for cleaner vehicles, but the sector has not been immune to the impact of the Covid pandemic. With Clean Air Zones popping up around the UK, this is the perfect time to incentivise the uptake of low- and zero- emission vehicles and leasing enables businesses to keep their cash to help get them through the recovery period. Making leased vehicles eligible for Super Deduction would provide a boost to many businesses and would be a welcome shot in the arm for fleets."
Finance & Leasing Association also logo
Permanent-URL: http://www.automobilsport.com/finance-leasing-association-deduction-not-ensure-growth---221849.html
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