text:
The Northern Michigan Wildcats are the athletic teams that represent Northern Michigan University, located in Marquette, Michigan, in NCAA intercollegiate sporting competitions. All teams that play under NCAA governance compete at the Division II level, with three exceptions. The most significant one is the men's ice hockey program, which plays at the Division I level. Two other sports, Nordic skiing (a coeducational sport with separate men's and women's squads) and women's wrestling (part of the NCAA Emerging Sports for Women program), are de facto Division I sports; the NCAA holds a single skiing championship open to members of all three divisions, and does not currently include women's wrestling in its divisional structure. While NMU's skiing program includes both disciplines contested in the NCAA championships (Alpine and Nordic), only the Nordic program competes within the NCAA structure.

NMU fields three other recognized varsity teams, two of which serve as official U.S. Olympic training centers in non-NCAA sports or disciplines. The Olympic training centers are in weightlifting for both men and women, and the non-NCAA discipline of men's Greco-Roman wrestling. The other recognized varsity team is in esports, which are not governed by the NCAA.

The Wildcats compete as members of the North Division of the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference for 14 of 20 varsity sports, with the men's hockey team playing in the Central Collegiate Hockey Association, and the skiing team competes in the Central Collegiate Ski Association. NMU has been a member of the GLIAC since 1987.

Northern Michigan's rivals in sports action are the two other major schools in the upper peninsula: Michigan Technological University, and Lake Superior State University. The winner of the annual football game between NMU and Michigan Tech is awarded the Miner's Cup.

Varsity teams

List of teams

National championships
National Championships (4):
 1975 – Football – NCAA Division II
 1991 – Men's Ice Hockey – NCAA Division I
 1993 – Women's Volleyball – NCAA Division II
 1994 – Women's Volleyball – NCAA Division II

National Runners-up (4):
 1980 – Men's Ice Hockey – NCAA Division I
 1992 – Women's Swimming and Diving – NCAA Division II
 1992 – Women's Volleyball – NCAA Division II
 1995 – Women's Volleyball – NCAA Division II

Basketball Final Four (1):
 1961 – Men's Basketball – NAIA Division I

Facilities
The Division II football team plays in the world's largest wooden dome, the Superior Dome.

OTS

The United States Olympic Training Site on the campus of Northern Michigan University is one of 16 Olympic training sites in the country.  The NMU-OTS provides secondary and post-secondary educational opportunities for athletes while offering training.

With more than 70 resident athletes and coaches, the NMU-OTS is the second-largest Olympic training center in the United States, in terms of residents, behind Colorado Springs.  The USOEC has more residential athletes than the Lake Placid and Chula Vista sites combined.  Over the years, it has grown into a major contributor to the U.S. Olympic movement.

Current resident training programs include Greco-Roman wrestling and weightlifting.  Athletes must be approved by the NMU-OTS, their national governing body and NMU to be admitted into the program.

NMU-OTS athletes attend NMU while training in their respective sports.  The student athletes receive free or reduced room and board, access to world-class training facilities as well as sports medicine and sports science services, academic tutoring, and a waiver of out-of-state tuition fees by NMU. Although athletes are responsible for tuition at the in-state rate, they may receive the B.J. Stupak Scholarship to help cover expenses.

On-campus NMU-OTS athletes live in  NMU's  Meyland Hall, eat in campus dining halls, and train at the university's Superior Dome.

The NMU-OTS also offers a variety of short-term training camps; regional, national, and international competitions; coaches and officials education clinics; and an educational program for retired Olympians.

Alumni
Lloyd Carr, former head coach at the University of Michigan
Jerry Glanville, former NFL coach
Mark Maddox, former NFL player for the Buffalo Bills and Arizona Cardinals
Damian Matacz, professional basketball player
Steve Mariucci, former head coach of the Detroit Lions and San Francisco 49ers
Robert Saleh, Head Coach of the New York Jets played football for NMU.
Len St. Jean, former NFL player for the Boston/New England Patriots
Tom Izzo, Michigan State coach played basketball at NMU
Steve Avery, former NFL player for the Houston Oilers, Green Bay Packers and Pittsburgh Steelers

References


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Chuck Feeney has now given it all away | News & Views | Irish Echo
Home > News & Views > Chuck Feeney has now given it all away
Category: Asset 8News & Views
Chuck Feeney has now given it all away
By Irish Echo Staff
Chuck Feeney
As promised, billionaire businessman Chuck Feeney has given it all away, and in his lifetime,
He has signed papers that dissolve his Atlantic Philanthropies foundation, a charitable entity which has provided more than $8 billion to worthy causes on both sides of the Atlantic over almost four decades.
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The donations include $1.3 billion to projects in the Republic of Ireland, and $570 million to projects in Northern Ireland.
New Jersey native Feeney signed the dissolution papers at his office in San Francisco in the presence of his wife Helga, and Christopher Oechsli, president and chief executive of Atlantic Philantrophies.
Atlantic Philanthropies, which dates to 1982, distributed 6,500 grants over 38 years with its last financial commitment made at the end of 2016. It has been in wind-up mode for a number of years, the Irish Times reported.
Taoiseach Micheál Martin said: "Atlantic Philanthropies has had a truly remarkable impact in Ireland over the past four decades. Chuck Feeney's far-sighted vision, extraordinary generosity and selfless leadership has transformed the lives of many thousands of Irish people, young and old alike.
"In particular, its transformational impact on higher education and research… has left a powerful legacy to the nation and generations to come."
In the Republic, and as reported by the Times, The University of Limerick Foundation received the highest grant aid at $181.5 million, followed by the Trinity Foundation at $162.1 million, Dublin City University Education Trust at $128.2 million, Cork University Foundation at $91.2 million, and Galway University Foundation at $79.5 million.
Other notable grants include $18.9 million to the Health Service Executive, $15.6 million to children's charity Barnados, and $10.4 million to the Irish Hospice Foundation.
In 1984, Mr Feeney secretly transferred his shareholding in the company Duty Free Shoppers to The Atlantic Foundation, which later became The Atlantic Philanthropies. The foundation subsequently provided funding for projects in Ireland, Australia, Bermuda, Cuba, South Africa, the United States and Vietnam.
"If you give while living, the money goes to work quickly, everyone gets to see the action and the results, that's what we're all about," Feeney said by way of explaining the way he went about giving all his money away.
As well as his business and philanthropic work, Feeney was also centrally involved in the search for peace in Northern Ireland being a member of the Irish delegation that traveled to the North in the 199os and effectively paved the way for President Bill clinton's historic visit.
Gerry Adams delivers an appreciation of Chuck Feeney's living legacy in his column in this week's print edition of the Irish Echo.
North attorney Niall Murphy out of hospital
Apr 22 By Irish Echo Staff
Rescheduled Yonkers parade is moved to 2021
Jul 7 By Irish Echo Staff
Some Random Pre-Election Thoughts
Oct 30 By By Gerry O'Shea

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Learn basic volleyball rules and discover simple ways to modify the rules for young kids, beginners, and those with disabilities. This game can be easily adapted to enjoy indoors and out on the grass, in the sand beach, or in the pool.
The volleyball basics below include the 4 ways to play the ball, fouls, blocking, and substitutions.
See Rules of Volleyball: Part 1 to learn about the player positions, court dimensions, length of game, equipment, serving, and scoring.
Each team may touch the ball a maximum of 3 times before hitting it back over the net. Contact is allowed with any part of the body above the waist as long as the hit is clean and the ball is not held, scooped, or carried in any way. If 2 players contact the ball at the same time, it counts as 2 hits.
A hit is good if the ball touches the net and drops in bounds in the opponent's court.
The ball is out of play if it touches the ground or any object outside of the court boundary lines.
Used to hit a ball that's below the head. It's typically the best way to return a serve.
The hands are clasped in front with the thumbs together, side by side, with one hand wrapped around the fist of the other.
The arms are held out straight with the elbows locked and the knees bent.
Used when a player tries to place the ball up high in the air near the net, so that a teammate can spike the ball.
It's used when the ball is above the head, and it's hit with the pads of the fingers.
Contacting a ball that's above the net with the fingertips and tipping it over the net in a controlled fashion.
Striking the ball over the net with such force and downward angle that it's difficult to return.
a player hits the ball while reaching over the top of the net on the opponent's side.
a player crosses the vertical plane of the net (either above or below it) and touches the court or an opponent while play is in progress.
a player interferes with an opponent's play.
a team hits the ball more than 3 times before it goes over the net.
a player touches the ball 2 times in a row before another player touches it.
a team is out of position when the serve begins.
the ball is held or pushed.
a player on the back row returns the ball from above net height.
the ball doesn't go over the net in between the vertical rods.
the ball touches the ground outside the court.
the ball is returned with the use of a teammate as a support.
a player reaches under the net and touches the ball or an opponent while the ball is on the opponent's side.
a substitute enters the game illegally.
Blocking is an attempt to stop the ball from coming over the net with any part of the body.One or more players on the front row can try to block the ball as long as they indicate their intent by raising a hand above the top of the net.
If the ball touches more than one of the blocking teammates, even if it doesn't hit them at the same time, it only counts as one hit.
Each team may make up to 6 substitutions in each set, but only when the ball is dead. Anyone playing at the start of a set may be replaced only once. The original player may go back during the same set, but she has to return to her previous rotational position. A substitute who leaves the game cannot return in the same set. A sub may be replaced only by the player whose place she took.
Depending on the number of players, skill level, available equipment, or the size of your playing area, you can modify the basic volleyball rules to fit your needs.
Use a bigger, lighter ball like a beach ball or balloon.
Play with several balls at the same time.
Have either more or less players on a team.
Use a larger court if you have a lot of players, and a smaller court if you have fewer players.
For an indoor activity, have players sit down either on the floor or in chairs.
With a beach ball or balloon and a low net, lie down on the floor and hit the ball with your feet.
Throw the ball over and catch it before it hits the floor instead of hitting it.
Don't set a limit on the number of hits a team can have before returning the ball over the net.
Allow the ball to bounce before returning it.
These are just a few ways to tweak the basic volleyball rules to fit your needs. Maybe they'll give you some ideas for adapting the game to make it more fun for your group. If you want to get a little more serious, check out the official rules.
For players with disabilities, find basic volleyball rules for Sitting Volleyball in the Guide to Disabled Volleyball.
To find some fun kids sports activities that include modified volleyball games, check out our list of free kids games.
In addition to basic volleyball rules, find simple rules for other popular sports.


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Q: incompatible types in java Should I point out that I am a begginer at this?
double averageMonthlyTemp() {
    double[] amt = new double[52];
    int sum = 0;
    int index = 0;

    for (int i = 0; i < temp.length - 1; i = i + 7) {
        //where temp is an existiing
        //previously initialized array
        //of 365 elements, form 0 to 364
        for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
            sum = sum + temp[i + j];
            if (j % 7 == 6) {
                double average = ((double) sum) / 7;
                amt[index] = average;
                index++;
                sum = (int) 0;
            }
        }
    }
    return amt;
}

When I try to compile, I get an "incompatible types" error, with the "amt" at return amt marked in red. Does somebody know why?

A: Your method averageMonthlyTemp is specified to return some value of type double, but your amt variable is actually a double[].  Either make averageMonthlyTmp return an array of doubles, or do something like this:
double averageMonthlyTmp(int month) {
...
return tmp[month]; // could be made more efficient by only calculating the temperature for one month
}

A couple of additional notes about the code:

*

*Because j goes from 0 to 6 inclusive, the if (j % 7 == 6) can be replaced with if (j == 6).  Also, it looks like that code (computing the average) can go directly after the second for loop.

*In your first for loop, the code will be cleaner if you replace i = i + 7 with i += 7, which will also increase i by 7 each time.

*You don't need to put (int) before the 0 in the line sum = (int) 0;, because Java knows that when you just write 0, you mean an int.

A: your method definition for averageMonthlyTemp says that it is supposed to return a double, that is a single value of datatype double but you are returning amt which is a double array, that is why the compiler complains. So you can either change the method definition to return an array or return a single value.

A: the returned value amt is double[]. But the function returns only a double  value (not an array of double ). so try to rename the function as
double [] averagemonthlytemp()
{

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Slack channel of Switchyards, our co-working community, is a great resource to find who you need, when you need them. Need a developer, designer, or marketing guru? Find them on Slack.
But, what happens, if you don't know everyone?
We created the /whois slash command as a custom integration for the Switchyards Slack Channel. Nerd alert: yes, we purposefully chose "whois" as an analogy to the Linux/Unix command for looking up info on a domain registrar.
By entering "/whois [slack username]" (e.g., /whois ajay), you get a nice response including details about an individual and a link to their "Mugwall" profile (shameless plug: a directory synced with Slack, also built by Standard Code).
First, get started with a custom slash command by visting your Slack channel apps page (e.g., https://your-channel.slack.com/apps) > Manage > Custom Integrations > Build > Slash Commands. The key points in your custom configuration are to input the API endpoint where Slack will send a request to your app, decide on a GET or POST request, and take note of the authentication Token.
We chose a GET request saying "give us a response with information from the application, but without changing any information in the database." If you are sending information that would be saved or update the database, maybe a POST request might be more RESTful.
Second, parse the request at your endpoint and authenticate before sending a response back to Slack.
Third, respond to the Slack request with JSON, where the key/values match the Slack-required formatting for a "Message". The Slack API has great documentation on how to format a Message, including options on adding links, images, and other attachments.
A few notes on our choices.
The "ephemeral" option (rather than "in-channel") means the response is only visible to the Slack user who sent the command, rather than to all users in the channel.
The "attachments" array is like a list of items you want to send back in the Message - in our case, the first hash are some formatted details and the second hash is a link back to Mugwall.
Overall, the Slack team did an awesome job and we were able to create this custom integration using solely the Slack API documentation.


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Hiking, Oregon, Oregon Coast, Southern Oregon
Humbug Mountain State Park (Oregon Coast) 11-Oct-2016
This weather forecast was calling for rain by the end of the week, with up to 10 inches in 24 hours predicted for places on the Southern Oregon Coast (a forecast that has since been upgraded to "…more than the typical rainfall for the entire month of October, and for the Medford airport, could be the wettest 5 day period in October since 1962…" {the year of the infamous Columbus Day Storm}). With this ominous prognostication in mind, we decided to make a run for the coast and do a couple of short, but unique, hikes that had been on the edge of our to do list for awhile.
A little further north, and just south of Port Orford, is Humbug Mountain State Park, surrounded by forested hills and home to Humbug Mountain (1,756 feet). The mountain was originally known as Me-Tus but, in 1851, began to be called Tichenor's Humbug after an exploring party (either sent or lead by Captain William V. Tichenor, founder of Port Orford), intent on finding a route to the interior, instead got piteously confused and defeated by the deep ravines, thick forest, and dense undergrowth characteristic of Oregon's coast ranges. Perhaps a cautionary tale for today's hikers who venture forth with minimal navigational skills? Anyway, the whole adventure was deemed a "humbug" and hence the name. Today, the ascent begins on one trail that forks into West and East trails about one mile from the trailhead, forming a lollipop loop (OSP brochure). The West Trail was originally built by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in 1934, but was washed out in the Columbus Day Storm of 1962, and not rebuilt until 1993. In the intervening years, the East Trail was built and now forms a loop with the restored West Trail.
This is hike #80 in Sullivan's Oregon Coast and Coast Range travel/hiking guide (3rd edition). The guide intimated that there would be views from the trail but that's only true in the most minimal sense, as the Pacific Ocean and part of U.S. 101 can only be seen through a thin gap in the forest on the summit and along the West Trail. And then everything was shrouded in mists and clouds anyway. But the mountain is covered with an old-growth temperate rainforest, hosting some very large Douglas fir trees on alarmingly steep slopes, with all kinds of smaller plants and animals to marvel at. So, once we got past the no-big-view thing, this proved to be a really fun hike. The trailhead (ample parking with potholes but no amenities) is right along U.S. Highway 101, about 0.25 miles north of the entrance to the State Park campground. From the trailhead, the trail started up fairly steeply – through mist and fog that gave the hike a gentle Fall feeling –
Starting up the main trail
and then moderated to an easy uphill grade as it took us further up into the fog-infused rainforest.
Further up the main trail
Along the way, we started looking at some of the smaller features in the forest, like the spiders whose uncanny cross-trail web-building ability kept us streaming with numerous strands of web for the whole hike,
Charlotte, is that you?
and tiny ferns sprouting from the elaborate ecologies growing on the walls along the trail.
A tiny fern in a forest of giants
This is a mixed forest and the falling leaves littering the trail really invoked that comforting, mellow feeling that comes with the onset of Fall weather (it's not clear why another year passing by and the onset of winter brews up these feelings, but it does…). Both of us were raised in (or sought out) seasonal climates, so maybe this is some deeply ingrained response to the stirring of the seasonal round? Or maybe it's just the hot toddies?
Fall comes to the forest
We elected to go up along the slightly longer East Trail, in hopes that, given a little extra time, the clouds and mists would miraculously lift. Well, that would have been a miracle and one that we were not granted. So, a little higher up on the East Trail, we strode through a cathedral of trees,
Through the hall of the slender giants
and past some very large Douglas firs – there are no coast redwoods here to make the firs look "small."
A 7-foot in diameter Douglas fir next to the trail (LovedOne for scale)
We had thought we might climb above the clouds (still thinking – falsely as it turned out – that there were expansive views ahead) but the erie, yet comforting, mists persisted.
The Mists of Humbug
One last turn on the trail
After ~3 miles, just like the sign said, we reached the summit, tagged the 1937 benchmark,
On the summit
and looked around for the view – only to finally realize that, even without the clouds swirling over the summit, you only get a small sliver of an opening to the south.
The view from the summit
We'd planned this as a short hike with lunch later, so we quickly turned around and headed back down on the shorter and steeper West Trail,
Going down the West Trail
through more mists and clouds,
The mists persist…
and persist some more.
but with a very occasional sunbreak.
A stray ray of sunshine graces the trail
Having put aside the view issue, we spent time looking down at the little things that added intricacy, and some color, to this misty world.
Tree fungus
The colors of Fall and decay
Drops on leaf on leaves
Taking the West Trail down shaved 0.5 miles off the return, so we were back in time for lunch in Port Orford. A short, somewhat steep (at the start) hike (5 miles round-trip; 1,700 feet of elevation gain) best done for the unique rainforest experience it offers, and not the views.
Our lollipop track to and from Humbug Mountain
Day HikingHikingHumbug Mountain State Park OregonOregonOregon CoastPort Orford OregonSouthern Oregon
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text:
The Basilica di San Gavino (Basilica of Saint Gabinus) is a proto-Romanesque church in Porto Torres, Sardinia, Italy.  A former cathedral, it is now a place for the veneration of local martyrs and a parish church.

History
Turris Libisonis (Latin: Turris Libyssonis, present day: Porto Torres) was a bishopric seat from 489 until 1441, when the see was moved to nearby Sassari. The basilica is located in the Monte Angellu section of Porto Torres; an area where archaeological excavations have found a Paleo-Christian necropolis and two ancient basilicas, dating to the 5th – 7th centuries AD; one of which was built over the tomb of Saint Gabinus whose remains are interred in the present church.

The earliest known document mentioning the church dates to 1065. According to it, the church was founded in the early 11th century by Gonario I, giudice (duke) of Torres and Arborea, who commissioned the work to Pisan masters. The construction continued under his son Barisone I, and was inaugurated by the giudice Marianus I of Arborea and archbishop Constantine of Castra in 1080.

An epigraph in the Romanesque portal testifies restoration work in the 15th century, which introduced Catalan-Gothic elements.

In the 18th century the crypt was renovated to house the remains of Torres' martyrs found in 1614.

Description

Exterior
The church is located between two courtyards, known as atrio Comita and atrio Metropoli. In the southern side is the main entrance, a 15th-century portal in Catalan Gothic style. It is surmounted by a rounded arch supported by two columns, whose capitals have angels with coats of arms.

The church has two apses, one on each shorter side of the rectangular plan. The exterior is decorated by blind columns and Lombard bands. The ceiling is covered with lead plates.

Interior
The interior has a nave and two aisles separated by two series of rounded arches which are supported by twenty-two columns, taken from ancient edifices, in gray marble and pink granite, and three pairs of cruciform pilasters. Most of the capitals are of Roman origin. The nave is some three time wider than the aisles, and is covered by wooden trusses; the aisles have instead cross vaults.

The high altar, which until the 19th century was in the middle of the nave, is now in the south-western apse; the opposing apse has a wooden catafalque of the 17th century, housing polychrome statues of the martyrs Gabinus, Protus and Ianuarius.

The aisles led to the anti-crypt, in Renaissance style with statues of martyrs, and the crypt, which houses ancient Roman sarcophagi; the latter in turn house remains attributed to the Turres' martyrs.

Sources

External links
Page at sardegnacultura.it

Romanesque architecture in Sardinia
Former cathedrals in Italy
Basilica churches in Sardinia
Churches in the province of Sassari

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


1. The proposed 09-08-2018 program was organized after meeting the central Govt. official, Govt. of India by ANSF. So, ANSF invited both the representatives and to elucidate the flaming issue of Indo- Naga peace talk which was signed on 03/08/2015 in between NSCN/GPRN- IM & GOVERNMENT OF INDIA recognizing the Unique Identity of the Nagas. The program was arranged for Tirap, Changlang and Longding Districts people, as they could've witnessed the statement from both representatives. This program could've benefited with heaps of knowledge about the inclusive of TCL region in the peace talk! And our TCL civil society representatives/people would've viewed and shared their opinion before the representatives. The meeting couldn't come about because of security reason and unavoidable circumstances, so the program is called off by the Government of India.
2. As per the circulated "WARNING LETTER" given from Eastern Naga National Government (ENNG) on 04/08/2018 in the social media against Arunachal Naga Students' Federation (ANSF) President and General Secretary (mentioning by names), and where they have stated that "the meeting was summoned by NSCN-IM on 09-08-2018 at Deomali" is totally null and void. The ANSF question the ENNG authority that how NSCN-IM can summon the meeting? As there is no ceasefire implemented in Tirap, Changlang and Longding region, but initiated through Government of India. The proposed was submitted by ANSF to the Government of India and by inviting them to hold a fair and fruitful meeting with the people of TCL region. This program was organized so that our people can realized about the peace process and it's inclusive in it. The ANSF also stated that the Naga people of Tirap, Changlang and Longding districts have their own rights to decide. ANSF further stated that ANSF stands with the TCL people's welfare and to maintain peaceful environment in the region, not against the wish of TCL people.
3. ANSF also mentioned that the Federation was established way back in the year 2012, with its motto as for "PEACE, AND UNITY FOR PROSPERITY". The federation also said that Article 19(1) (c) of the constitution of India guarantees to all citizens the right "to form association and unions" and no law is above the law of Indian Constitution in India. To lucid the perplex of many people ANSF clarifies that Tirap, Changlang and Longding districts is the land of the Nagas and by birth, blood and culturally, or if we look through legal process the TCL people is indicated as "Any Naga" in Ministry of Tribal Affairs, GoI, in schedule six, serial number ten. Naga (Nakha) is an identity of who we are and it's not a tribe's name. The tribes like Nocte, Wancho, Tangsa, Tutsa and Ollo are the Naga people who inhabit in their ancestral land since time immemorial. The federation also added that Nagas are not only in Arunachal Pradesh but also in Nagaland, Manipur, Assam, Myanmar and different parts of the world. The federation also stated that no one has the right to speak against the Naga people of Tirap, Changlang and Longding districts, TCL region have suffered a lot from every angle since decades and also in terms of development process but no one stood besides TCL people, when ANSF is trying to organized the said program for more proper understanding about the peace process and to maintain peaceful environment in TCL region by inviting both representatives, many unions and organizations of Arunachal Pradesh had opposed, instead of supporting and encouraging ANSF in the process of bringing peace in the region and to which it is very unfortunate to know. This program could've liberated the TCL people.


Reebok Work Rb7005 Mens Composite Toe Work Boots. Only Reebok could bring the athletic performance of a running shoe into the strong and safe body of a work boot. You'll get the ultimate in comfort with a removable EVA cushioned insole, FootFuel insole, and moisture wicking nylon mesh lining. You'll also get the ultimate in protection from the non-conductive, non-metallic, extra wide composite toe. Multi-directional flex grooves and a TPU heel stabilizer complete this sturdy, agile boot.


John Gould Fletcher grew up with his two sisters in a big, lonely house on Seventh Street in Little Rock, Arkansas. The house had been built in 1840 by the great Albert Pike and was later home to the Arkansas Female College before being bought by John's father in 1889. It was typical of the antebellum mansion: massive Ionic columns out front, four huge rooms on each of two levels, divided evenly by a hallway running through the center of the house front to back. Today the Greek Revival masterpiece houses an art collection open to the public. Big, beautiful, and lonely house. Lonely, reflective, and melancholy boy.
John's father, Captain John G. Fletcher, was fifty at the boy's birth, his mother half her husband's age. His father was a very important man in Little Rock, who ran one of the most successful cotton brokerage firms in Arkansas, served three times as mayor, once as county sheriff, and even came close to winning the state governorship. Captain Fletcher wanted John to grow up to be like him, a lawyer, banker, or businessman, assured of a good living and a prominent position in society. John's mother was a musician. She encouraged the artistic side of John. Aided by the powerful aesthetic of the house, the mother's influence won out: the sensitive and somewhat reserved boy became a poet.
He began writing verse seriously while he was at Harvard, although he was not very serious about college itself. When Captain Fletcher died in 1907, John received an inheritance that set him up with an annual income for life. Plagued by bouts of depression that haunted him for the rest of his life, John soon lost interest in school and went abroad, first to Venice and Rome in 1908, and then on to London in 1909. Wherever he went, he devoured the art and music and literature of his surroundings, read voraciously, and continued writing. In 1910 John received word that his mother had died also. His sister Adolphine married that year in the front parlor of the old Pike mansion in which she would live the rest of her life. John stayed in London and wrote poetry.
In 1913 his first collections appeared in print. The same year he traveled to Paris for the Impressionist exhibition there and encountered Postimpressionism for the first time. Gaugin, Matisse, and Picasso, as well as the composer Stravinsky, whose Paris premiere of the Rite of Spring had invoked near-riots, all had a jolting effect on Fletcher, who now considered his earlier poetry "old-fashioned" and juvenile. It was in Paris that he also met the great American symbolist poet Ezra Pound, who subsequently introduced Fletcher to a circle of poets he had dubbed des Imagistes, among them the American poet Amy Lowell, who befriended Fletcher and encouraged him in his writing. It was a turning point in the life of a man who was to become one of the most important poets of the first half of the twentieth century.
Fletcher sailed for America in 1914 for a two-year tour, a recognized and celebrated American poet beginning to catch the attention of literary critics on both sides of the Atlantic. He wrote incessantly, shooting for a poem a day. His poetry of the time reflected the Imagist emphasis on eliciting emotions from the reader through the sounds of words as opposed to their raw meaning, but his verse even contrasted with other Imagists' poetry in its improvisation and audacity. The Arkansas boy was making a name for himself.
Fletcher spent the winter of 1914–15 with his sister at the old house in Little Rock. The gloominess and solitude of his childhood came back in on him like a deluge, and his depression returned. Before returning to England, Fletcher visited the Japanese art exhibit in Chicago. The effect was momentous, not only in his experimental poetry but primarily in its impact on his mood and philosophy. To Fletcher, Oriental art recalled a certain harmony between man and nature that the West was beginning to lose due to its emphasis on technology and industrialism. He returned to England in 1916, married Englishwoman Daisy Arbuthnot, and published Goblins and Pagodas, a literary success; but there was a growing shift in the emphasis of Fletcher's thinking. America, including his own American South, was in dire need of rediscovering her more agrarian roots if she were to survive the runaway industrialism and modernism that characterized the day.
Such thinking began to be reflected in his writing. By the mid-twenties, he was no longer the Imagist poet enshrouding emotional meaning in the sounds of words but resembled more the Romantic William Blake of the early nineteenth century, whose references to "dark Satanic mills" decried the loss of England's pastoral purity to the ravages of the Industrial Age. Fletcher soon became associated with the Vanderbilt University-based Fugitive poets, who throughout the twenties produced some of America's greatest literature, all in the spirit of summoning Americans, and especially the South, to return to the agrarian and Jeffersonian roots obscured by the materialism of the modern age. Fletcher even contributed his own essay—"Education, Past and Present"—to the Fugitive's seminal manifesto I'll Take My Stand, published in 1930.
Having lived abroad for twenty years or more, and after a severe battle with his depressive disorder, Fletcher moved back to America and to Little Rock in the early 1930's. He was greeted with a hero's welcome and treated as the state's premier intellect and poet laureate. He joined folk linguist Vance Randolph in studying and promoting the native folk of Arkansas and their traditions, music, literature, and language, and in the mid-thirties he married again, this time to Charlie May Simon, a native Arkansas writer herself. In 1935, his home state commissioned Fletcher to write an epic poem, "The Story of Arkansas," for the state's centennial celebration, and in 1939 he became the first Southern poet to receive a Pulitzer Prize when his Selected Poems (1938) was chosen for the honor.
His last great work was Arkansas (1947), a history written in typical John-Gould-Fletcher fashion. But poetry and history in mid-twentieth-century America were passing out of vogue. Depression returned, and his last years were spent quietly by the hearth and with his books at Johnswood, the simple, far-from-ornate home he and Simon had built on the wooded cliffs above the Arkansas River on the western edge of Little Rock. When he was found dead by drowning in a shallow pool on his property in 1950, not only his talented widow but all Arkansas, the South, and the literate world who had known his lonely and impassioned soul through his writing grieved and remembered and gave thanks.
The old mansion, which had wrung so much poetry from his soul, had released its hold on him at last.
She traveled the world and wrote about it too, but Arkansas's premier children's book writer got her literary start in a rough Ozark cabin during America's Great Depression.


text:
The Revolting Way Michael Dunn Describes His Trial — and Black People
Just six months after the acquittal of George Zimmerman for the death-by-shooting of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin, another racially-charged trial for the murder of a black teenager has infuriated opponents of Florida's "Stand Your Ground" laws and a justice system biased against black people, even when they're victims.
In 2012, Dunn was arrested and charged with firing upon a car filled with teenagers at a gas station after getting in an argument with them over the volume of their music. One died, and the others fled. This week, Dunn was convicted of the attempted murder of three black teenagers and three other charges. But the charge of the murder of 17-year-old Jordan Davis resulted in a mistrial after the jury failed to reach a verdict.
Here's the twist, though: While Zimmerman's case was tainted throughout with the specter of racism, in that trial the defendant went to great lengths to distance himself from accusations of bigotry. Dunn basically isn't trying, and may have outed himself as the ugly mouthpiece of living racism in prejudice in the American South and Florida. In recordings of nine phone calls from December 2012 released by the State Attorney's Office, Dunn compares himself to a rape victim:
I was the one that was being preyed upon and I fought back. It's not quite the same but it made me think of like the old TV shows and movies where like how the police used to think when a chick got raped going, "Oh, it's her fault because of the way she dressed." I'm like, "So it's my fault (laughing) because I asked them to turn their music down. I got attacked and I fought back because I didn't want to be a victim and now I'm in trouble. I refused to be a victim and now I'm incarcerated."
Of course, Dunn was never actually attacked — he actually testified at trial that he thought he saw a shotgun in Davis' car, and so opened fire in self-defense. So his comparison to rape victims isn't just horrifically offensive, it's also near-farcical in its complete lack of self-awareness.
But in previously revealed letters from jail, Dunn very willingly paints a portrait of the kind of attack he thinks he's under, and it's clearly racial.
A letter released in early February by the State Attorney's Office from Dunn to an unknown recipient shows just how he feels about other black inmates:
It's spooky how racist everyone is up here and how biased toward blacks the courts are. This jail is full of blacks and they all act like thugs. … This may sound a bit radical but if more people would arm themselves and kill these **** idiots when they're threatening you, eventually they may take the hint and change their behavior.
Dunn, on trial for the unnecessary shooting of a black teenager and attempted murder of three others, apparently doesn't consider his behavior "thuggish." Dunn doesn't care. In another letter written to his girlfriend and highlighted by HLNtv, he writes:
I just got off the phone with you and we were talking about how racist the blacks are up here. The more time I am exposed to these people, the more prejudiced against them I become.
And in another letter to his grandmother, he trots out the "I'm not racist, I'm just intolerant of certain cultures" card:
I'm not really prejudiced against race, but I have no use for certain cultures. This gangster-rap, ghetto talking thug 'culture' that certain segments of society flock to is intolerable.
He's not really prejudiced against "certain segments of society," just kinda.
Legal experts contacted by Al-Jazeera America say that while Dunn didn't claim prosecutorial immunity under Florida's "Stand Your Ground" laws, the statutes clearly colored the decision and set the context for Dunn's hung jury on the charge of murder.
"The 12-member jury may have genuinely thought Dunn was initially justified in firing the first several bullets to defend himself from Davis but then went too far by continuing to shoot as the fleeing teens drove off. By then, the sense of emergency had passed, so it's easier to come to an agreement on those charges."
"They were trying to interpret the jury instructions, and they clearly struggled with it, having deliberated for 30 hours. Normally, you don't shoot first and ask questions later. But the conduct promoted by 'Stand Your Ground' creates a different context, and that's what the jury struggled with."
But that context is clearly racial. University of Miami legal professor Donald Jones says that the laws protect even an initial aggressor: "In this case, Dunn could have moved his vehicle. He didn't have to subject himself to the loud music. But the law promotes the idea that you can use force whenever you feel threatened."
"Throughout the Deep South's history, there's been a pattern of whites shooting blacks who are perceived as threatening. In many ways, these cases are reminiscent of the lynching era, when black kids were getting killed simply because they were deemed threatening on a basis that was entirely subjective."
This chart from PBS represents the percentage likelihood that homicides will be found justifiable compared to white-on-white killings. The disparity is stark and clear, and it serves to protect people like Dunn.
Defenders of the law will doubtless argue that Dunn's case is a specific outlier, or that he will spend the rest of his life in jail regardless of his conviction in the Davis case (and thus the system works), or maybe claim his racial attitudes are immaterial to the crime in question. But it's clear that the deck was stacked in his favor the whole time.


David Gravel won the Sears Craftsman Dash, earning the pole for the 30-lap Feature in search of his fifth victory of the season aboard the CJB Motorsports No.5. Gravel led the opening lap with Shane Stewart, who started next to him, close in tow.
While those two separated from the field, all eyes were on Jacob Allen who charged from his ninth-starting position to take third on Lap 7. Two laps later, Allen, glued to the bottom, took the lead to a large roar from the Eldora Speedway crowd in search of his first career Outlaw triumph.
Gravel and Stewart battled for second, with the duo making contact and Gravel ending up backwards with 10 laps complete. "I thought I had David clear, it was all my fault. I don't ever want to race like that," Stewart said after the race in good jest.
Allen elected the bottom on the double-file restart, but it was Stewart taking control of the field down the backstretch in the Kyle Larson Racing ENEOS-sponsored No.2 machine.
Stewart stretched out the lead around the famous Ohio half-mile as Tim Shaffer and Donny Schatz began their charge forward. By Lap 20, Shaffer had worked by Allen for second and set his eyes on Stewart. Schatz stormed by Allen for third on Lap 24. Shaffer closed in on Stewart in lapped traffic, but never truly challenged the Bixby, OK native for the lead as Stewart would win his first Feature of the season by 1.665 seconds.
"I never want to win a race by crashing a guy," Stewart said in Victory Lane before savoring the triumph.
"We've been close to winning a couple of times this year, hopefully, we can have some momentum now and get rolling. It's always special to win at this track," Stewart said in Victory Lane. "To get a win going into the Month of Money is huge, I feel like we have a pretty good package right now. We'll see how the next two nights play out, I'm looking forward to it," Stewart added after the race.
Tim Shaffer's second-place finish was the best of his 2018 Outlaw campaign. Shaffer, a two-time Outlaw winner last year, charged from eighth to fourth in the Sears Craftsman Dash railing the cushion.
Donny Schatz, who won both Outlaw events at Eldora in May, settled for third. "We'll be a little better on Saturday for 10 laps more. The race track here can be tricky," Schatz said in good spirits, in anticipation of the rest of Kings Royal weekend.
Kerry Madsen, the Jokers Wild winner last year, charged from 16th to fourth with Brent Marks completing the top five. Marks started 20th and his effort was good enough for KSE Hard Charger Honors.
The World of Outlaws Craftsman Sprint Car Series continues Kings Royal weekend at Eldora Speedway Friday night, July 12 with the running of The Knight Before the Kings Royal! If you can't make it to the track, watch all the action LIVE on DIRTVision.com!


text:
Knowledge and Power in Foucault
David L. Potts
This commentary is part of The Atlas Society's 1999 online "CyberSeminar" entitled " The Continental Origins of Postmodernism ."
To properly interpret [Michel] Foucault's statements in The History of Sexuality: An Introduction ("HSI," Vintage Books, 1990; first published 1976), I believe it is necessary to understand his more fundamental philosophical framework, especially his views on epistemology. Accordingly I will begin, in section I, with a brief exposition of his "first philosophy," as I understand it. Then, in section II, I will attempt to relate Foucault's epistemology to his doctrine of "power" in HSI. Section III will then interpret Foucault's views on sexuality in light of the framework developed in sections I and II. Finally, in section IV I raise some additional questions and issues.
To support some of my claims about Foucault I have occasionally made recourse to his writings outside the assigned material. I have tried to keep these to a minimum, but I felt that at least some were necessary to establish a context, especially in epistemology, in which to understand the assigned pages.
I. EPISTEMOLOGICAL BACKGROUND
A nice summary of Foucault's basic philosophical framework occurs in his preface to his book The Order of Things ("OT," Vintage Books, 1973; first published 1966).
Any intelligible ordering requires a "system of elements" or grid in terms of which similarities and differences, or any other basis of organization, may be cast (OT xx). For example, when we group objects together or distinguish them from one another on the basis of shared or different properties, it is this system of properties that comprises the grid in question. And, to repeat, there is no organization, no intelligibility, without an antecedent grid.
We make reality intelligible by not just one grid but by a whole complex of grids, arranged in three levels. At the most basic level are "primary codes," which include grids comprised of language (the words we apply to things), the schemata of sense perception, and assorted cultural practices, techniques, and values (OT xx). These grids are basic in the sense that they determine the "empirical," which is of course something of a mirage inasmuch as it is determined by a priori grids. The primary codes are transparent, at least at first; we do not experience the spectrum of colors, for example, as a "grid" but as simply there, as an aspect of the way things are.
At the other end of the scale of grids, at the most derivative level, are our schemes of conceptual understanding, our systems of categories, our scientific theories.
In the middle level lies the grid which is the most fundamental and important but also the most difficult to grasp, which Foucault calls the "episteme." We experience the episteme as the principle of order itself. Is order "continuous and graduated or discontinuous and piecemeal, linked to space or constituted anew at each instant by the driving force of time, related to a series of variables or defined by separate systems of coherences..." (OT xxi)? These are the sorts of questions determined by the episteme. Foucault introduces the idea of the episteme with a tale from the Argentinean writer Borges about a supposed Chinese encyclopedia that classifies animals as: (a) belonging to the Emperor, (b) embalmed, (c) tame, (d) sucking pigs, (e) sirens, (f) fabulous, (g) stray dogs, (h) included in the present classification, (i) frenzied, (j) innumerable, (k) drawn with a very fine camel hair brush, (l) et cetera, (m) having just broken the water pitcher, (n) that from a long way off look like flies. The main thing that strikes us about this taxonomy is that it transcends questions about better or worse, valid or invalid. For it mixes up the very principles from which taxonomies proceed. That is, it is not a possible taxonomy. The Chinese encyclopedia violates our sense of order itself, a sense we aren't even aware of having until we feel it violated by pathological phenomena such as the Chinese taxonomy.
It is an episteme that supplies us with this sense of order per se. The episteme allows us to critique our grids at both the theoretical and the primary coding levels. The episteme is the "firm foundation" for general theories, that which provides the reference standard on which they are built and by which they are appraised, and which is more true than any theory. In conflicts between theory and empirical evidence, the evidence may have to be revised, but not the episteme. Indeed, it is by reference to the episteme that we can use theory to force revisions to our perceptual judgments. Foucault pictures the episteme as an "epistemological field" or "space of knowledge" (OT xxii) within which competing theories and concepts exist and are evaluated--and without which they could not be. The episteme is the "condition of possibility" of all knowledge.
Foucault's view is not particularly unique but has clear lines back to Kant.
However, the episteme is not built into our consciousness like the Kantian categories. It is culturally and historically determined. It is said to be "constructed"--and Foucault's view may be called "constructionism"--although the term is perhaps misleading inasmuch as the construction is neither conscious nor deliberate. Between different cultures, or between different epochs of the same culture, there may be radically different epistemes. Foucault is saying, therefore, that, for example, Borges's Chinese taxonomy of animals is only impossible within our Western epistemological field and that it is entirely possible that a radically different culture would find the Chinese taxonomy not only possible but reasonable.
As I have already remarked, we are largely unaware of the episteme and to become aware of it is difficult. Yet it is important to try to do so, since it is the episteme that sets the terms for all knowledge and it is the episteme of a culture or epoch that must be grasped to correctly understand the beliefs and practices of that culture or epoch. Foucault calls the project of trying to elicit the episteme of a culture or epoch "archeology." (The subtitle of OT is "An Archeology of the Human Sciences.")
In his own work Foucault did not examine foreign cultures but different epochs of Western European civilization, mostly within just the last few hundred years. He believes there have been three distinct epochs during this period. First, the Renaissance, which ended about 1650. Then the "classical" epoch, from 1650 to 1800. Then the "modern" epoch, from 1800 to the present. Further, he thinks the modern episteme has about run its course and is due to be replaced by a new one (OT xxiv), a postmodern epoch.
Thus, Foucault's view is not particularly unique but has clear lines back to Kant. The contemporary figure to whom I find it most helpful to compare Foucault is Kuhn. For episteme read "paradigm." For epoch read "period of normal science." Both authors find it difficult to say there is progress in the history of knowledge--particularly not if progress means that we discover more of the truth. Both deny that there is any "theory neutral" access to the way the world is. Both have difficulty saying exactly what a paradigm/episteme is. And both hold that paradigms/epistemes are largely unconscious and are cultural creations which can suddenly dissolve and be reconstituted. The chief difference is that Foucault's vision is considerably more grandiose than Kuhn's. Kuhn restricts himself to the domain of scientific theories, and even that only in fields of science that are relatively well developed. Foucault on the other hand wants to cover all knowledge in any human culture. His concept of "episteme" is accordingly broader than "paradigm." Whereas a paradigm determines a particular theory, an episteme determines what theories are possible.
II. POWER
Foucault and Kuhn also both hold that the adoption of a given episteme/paradigm is not rational. It could hardly be, since only within an epistemological field can there be standards of rationality. Therefore, an episteme/paradigm being a social construct, the forces governing its change must be social. For Kuhn the change is precipitated by a crisis of confidence in the scientific community and then by the outcome of a sort of popularity contest of competing theories and scientists. Lakatos goes so far as to call Kuhn's process a matter of "mob psychology" (The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes, Cambridge UP, 1978, 91). True or false, Kuhn's is a relatively simple process to describe. Kuhn's theory after all applies only to the members of a comparatively tiny scientific community, and only to a portion of their lives--their scientific work.
Foucault's theory, by contrast, is supposed to apply to every member of an entire culture and to every aspect of knowledge and cultural activity. People do not make organized, explicit decisions about social knowledge and publish them in journals. The determinants of an episteme must therefore be pervasive, governing all aspects of social practice and belief from the bottom up. For Foucault, the mechanism that does this is, apparently, power.
I say "apparently" because Foucault never talks about epistemes in HSI, and so I feel slightly uncomfortable speculating about their relation to power, which is the central concept of HSI. Foucault speaks of the mechanisms of power as "a grid of intelligibility of the social order" (HSI 93), which is tantalizing inasmuch as an episteme is also a grid of intelligibility. But doesn't this conflate two separate issues? For I began by asking what determines a change of episteme, but now I am asking whether the field of power relations might not be the episteme. Of course, the answer to both questions could be the same. The field of power relations could comprise the episteme, and then perforce any reconstitution of that field would comprise a change of episteme.
Whether or not the field of power is the epistemological field, it is evident that "power" is in the driver's seat in the world of HSI and therefore must, almost by default, govern changes of episteme. Power and knowledge are intimately tied. According to the "Rule of Immanence" (HSI 98), for example, knowledge and power are internally related. Sexuality can become an area of investigation only when power establishes it as such, and at the same time power can operate (to control people) through knowledge of sexuality only after sexuality has been constructed by the sciences. Therefore the constructs of knowledge and the strategies of power mutually emerge in and through one another.
For Foucault, the mechanisms of power determine scientific theories, knowledge, and ultimately truth itself.
Again, truth is a "production" "thoroughly imbued with relations of power" (HSI 60). For example, in the nineteenth century, bourgeois society "put into operation an entire machinery for producing true discourses concerning [sex]. Not only did it speak of sex and compel everyone else to do so; it also set out to formulate the uniform truth of sex....Causality in the subject [i.e., human being], the unconscious of the subject, the truth of the subject in the other who knows, the knowledge he holds unbeknown to him, all this found an opportunity to deploy itself in the discourse of sex. Not, however, by reason of some natural property inherent in sex itself, but by virtue of the tactics of power immanent in this discourse" (HSI 69-70). In other words, sex is not "in fact" a particularly significant aspect of human life--facts are ultimately historical constructs. Rather, sex emerged, in the field of power relations at this juncture in history, as an object, discourse around which was encouraged by the then-current tactics of power. Therefore "sexuality"--the knowledge structure designed to embody the truths constructed about sex (HSI 68)--was invented and "deployed" by the bourgeoisie as a political tool (HSI 120-127).
Although I have used intentional language just now, and Foucault uses it constantly, to describe how the mechanisms of power determine scientific theories, knowledge, and ultimately truth itself, it must not be thought that power is wielded by any central, guiding hand. Rather, power is dispersed throughout society in all the multitudinous "tactical" power relations between people as individuals. "And 'Power,' insofar as it is permanent, repetitious, inert, and self-reproducing, is simply the over-all effect that emerges from all these mobilities" (HSI 93). In other words, the power of people in the aggregate of classes and institutions emerges as the recurrent patterns and strategies implicit at the individual level. Power grows from the bottom up--from any social relationship in which there is inequality (HSI 93)--and thus suffuses society. Still, it is "intentional" (HSI 94), since strategies of power in the aggregate inherit the aims and objectives of the tactics by which individuals wield power (HSI 95).
Thus large-scale enterprises, such as the sciences of medicine, pedagogy, and economics, and other forms of discourse, are deployed so that knowledge can be wielded as an instrument of power. And this is deliberate although no one is in charge. There are two further points to make about this.
First, the internal relations between power and knowledge do not directly determine what is true or sayable but only make a certain space of argument--er, excuse me, "discourse"--available. For example, although sodomy was recognized, there was no clinical category of homosexuality until the late nineteenth century. The development of homosexuality as an object of medical research and social concern enabled "homosexuals" to be submitted to the legal system, medical and penal institutions, and other apparatuses of power. The same space, however, allowed homosexuals eventually to speak in their own behalf, demand recognition and tolerance, claim normalcy, and so forth (HSI 101-2).
Second, there is a deeper sense in which no one is in charge than the point made earlier about there being no central authority. For Kuhn, the scientific community is small and identifiable, and its problem well defined and of limited scope. Foucault on the other hand is talking about entire civilizations and the entirety of their knowledge and institutions. Therefore, Kuhn's scientists may lack rational grounds for their decisions, but at least they decide. People in Foucault's world, by contrast, seem reduced to cogs in a machine, able only to choose from among the culturally available tactics of "power-knowledge." What adds particularly to this sense of pettiness is the fact that our knowledge choices do not bring us any closer to reality nor represent success in dealing with nature. Foucault repeatedly emphasizes that, in investigating our sexuality we are not learning about ourselves, not if that means probing the whys and wherefores of our inner selves (e.g., HSI 105-6). Sexuality is not something in us to be discovered; it exists only in the discourses we construct as moves in our power struggles. Indeed, the only reality, it would seem, is what we construct in the course of our collective personal struggles in Foucault's sunshiny world of semi-sadistic relations of power.
III. SEXUALITY
Sexuality, then, is a historical construct (HSI 105). What is the history of sexuality? It seems to be rather short, actually, sexuality having only been invented at the end of the eighteenth century. Its roots go back much further, however. Remembering the historical epochs mentioned at the end of section I above, we could say that sex began to be "put into discourse" at the dawn of the classical epoch (HSI 12). Prior to that, people just had sexual relations, of sundry kinds, and although this aspect of life was hardly invisible, it was not considered to hold the keys to human nature, any more than, say, people's different eating practices.
During the classical epoch, the "great prohibitions" concerning sex were invented (HSI 115): "the exclusive promotion of adult marital sexuality, the imperatives of decency, the obligatory concealment of the body, the reduction to silence and mandatory reticences of language."
Then, at the beginning of the modern epoch there emerged "a completely new technology of sex" (HSI 116) through the institution of medicine especially, but also through pedagogy and economics. There were "four great strategies" (HSI 103-5). (1) The "hysterization of women's bodies," in which women were identified as especially determined by sexuality, and their sexuality was claimed to be critical to the maintenance of children and the family but at the same time prone to pathology. (2) The "pedagogization of children's sex," by which Foucault means obsession with child masturbation. (3) The "socialization of procreative behavior," meaning that population control came to be regarded as a legitimate province of state and societal concern and intervention. (4) The "psychiatrization of perverse pleasure," in which deviant sexual practices began to be attributed, by the medical community, to underlying pathologies of "sexuality" (e.g., as previously mentioned, the conversion of sodomites into "homosexuals," "sexual inverts," etc., with a nature, an etiology, in short a "sexuality" to be investigated and from which society had to be protected).
It is to these modern epoch "technologies" that Foucault seems to be referring most of the time by "sexuality." (Example: "'Sexuality': the correlative of that slowly developed discursive practice which constitutes the scientia sexualis" (HSI 68).) Their utility as instruments by which some people can get others in their power is obvious. It is Foucault's thesis that that is exactly what they are for. That in fact must be why sexuality is interesting to Foucault to begin with. He is hardly in a position to claim that he is probing human nature, after all. Sexuality "appears rather as an especially dense transfer point for relations of power...Sexuality is not the most intractable element in power relations, but rather one of those endowed with the greatest instrumentality: useful for the greatest number of maneuvers..." (HSI 103). To a person who thinks social/political power is the root cause of everything, sexuality is a field with especially rich soil.
Foucault hints, however, that sexuality may not last forever. What society creates, society can destroy. People of the future may look back in amazement at the importance we attribute to sex (HSI 157-9). Just as the modern epoch may be drawing to a close, so sexuality may be rupturing in the twentieth century as we see a new period of sexual tolerance, the lifting of taboos, and the loosening of other mechanisms of repression (HSI 115; it is worth remembering here that HSI was written in the '70s).
By way of wrapping up, there are two additional issues I want to briefly raise. First, how accurate is Foucault as history? Is he an accurate historian with a bizarre interpretive overlay or does his philosophy distort his history? I believe the answer is more the former than the latter. I am unfamiliar with most of the historical facts Foucault discusses in HSI, and I have not yet read volume 2, The Use of Pleasure (Vintage Books, 1990; first published 1984), which discusses sex in Greek antiquity. If one may judge from David Halperin's 100 Years of Homosexuality (Routledge, 1990), however, a Foucaultite tract which has been extremely influential in recent years and which is meant to extend and support Foucault's claims about sex in ancient Greece, distorting the facts is not the problem.
The problems rather are three. First, the facts are constantly interpreted in terms that must seem bizarre to those who are not true believers in Foucault's vision. Second, Halperin seems not really interested in any facts not relevant, pro or con, to his philosophical program. Despite cascades of footnotes (literally hundreds per chapter), the book contains no original research on antiquity and very little about Greek sexuality that can't be found, sans Foucaultite jargon (i.e., relentless use of words like "discourse," "power," "inscribed," "constitute," "text," etc.), in K. J. Dover's excellent Greek Homosexuality (Harvard U.P., 1978). In short this is "activist scholarship" and is therefore less interested in discovery or even in understanding than in making a case. Halperin does not, however, so far as I can see, distort or otherwise play fast and loose with the evidence. Third, there is a tendency to exaggerate discontinuities in history. This is an inevitable consequence of the thesis that history is not continuous, and so something to watch out for in these authors. Kuhn, needless to say, is also criticized for this.
Finally, readers may recall a previous post in which I asked whether Heidegger's arguments matter. The question bears repeating in the case of Foucault. Does Foucault offer any reasons to suppose, for example, that sexuality is a historical construction? Any reasons, that is, that don't presuppose his own philosophical framework? He does finally consider, near the end of HSI (152-7), the objection that in studying sexuality people may be trying to understand our underlying sexual nature. His answer is entirely to be expected: "it is precisely this idea of sex in itself that we cannot accept without examination" (HSI 152). That is, the whole idea of there being an underlying sexual nature which it is important to discover is simply false; or rather, it is a "truth" which sexuality constructed! It is after all Foucault's whole thesis that sexuality is just that knowledge structure according to which sex is a deeply rooted and critically important aspect of "human nature" which must be investigated, understood, and controlled. Sex therefore, as an "underlying reality," proceeds from sexuality, not vice versa. One might say that this reply is fine if you already accept that sexuality is a social construction, but what if you don't?
Doesn't Foucault dodge the issue it seemed he was about to engage, viz., whether sexuality is a social construction, not our conception of our sexual nature as it exists independently of our understanding of it? If so, I have found no other place where Foucault engages this question.
Response by Eyal Mozes
Response by David Ross and others
Does Foucault Have an Argument?
Back to Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality
Edward Hudgins
Mohammad Cartoon Controversy: The Jihad Against Free Speech
SEC v. Rorech and Negrim


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Get definition of Pasticceria, Get synonyms of Pasticceria and translate.
Pasticceria - Italian - Sinhala Online Dictionary. Italian-Sinhala-Italian Multilingual Dictionary. Translate From Italian into Sinhala. www.lankadictionary.com is a free service Sinhala Meaning of Pasticceria from Italian.Special Thanks to all Sinhala Dictionarys including Malalasekara, Kapruka, MaduraOnline, Trilingualdictionary. Improve your language knowledge, education and move forward with www.lankadictionary.com.


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Q: Design pattern to avoid switch-case on types during transformation/translation I'm trying to implement a preferences system where the programmer can specify preference names, types (boolean, integer, string, etc.), and optionally their default values. What I've been dwelling on for a while and can't come up with is a generic solution for storing to / loading from disk. I want the design to be generic enough to handle multiple formats (i.e. text files, the Windows Registry, or Apple's Property Lists). The simple solution would be to make transformers for each storage format and somewhere along the line when the storage format is already chosen, iterate through preferences and switch-case on their types.
I've been told doing a switch-case on a type isn't a good solution and I understand why: if I add a type, I need to go and modify all those switch-case blocks. So what should I do instead? The usual answer is to have the objects whose types were being checked implement a common interface and know how to perform the actions themselves.
But that seems ridiculous to me, to have an preference value know how to store itself in a text file, in the Windows registery, and in an Apple property List. That just moves the problem. Instead of adding a new type requiring me to go and modify the transformers, if I add a new transformer, I need to go and modify all the types!
I imagine this is a common design problem but I can't find any good solutions out there.

A: Classic use of the visitor pattern.  Though you sometimes see the pattern expressed more generically, here is some psuedo-code of a persistance layer via the Visitor pattern.
Note that the preferences dont need to know how to save themselves, they just need to pass themselves to the storage mechanism:
abstract BasePreference
{
    abstract Persist(PreferenceStorage ps);
}

NumericPreference : BasePreference
{
   string Name;
   int Value;
   int Default

   Persist(PreferenceStorage ps)
   {
      ps.Save(this);
   }

}

StringPreference : BasePreference
{
   string Name;
   string Value;
   string Default

   Persist(PreferenceStorage ps)
   {
      ps.Save(this);
   }
}

DateRangePreference : BasePreference
{
   string Name;
   DateTime StartOfRange;
   DateTime EndOfRange;
   DateTime DefaultStartOfRange;
   DateTime DefaultEndOfRange;

   Persist(PreferenceStorage ps)
   {
      ps.Save(this);
   }
}

Next, the PreferenceStorage utilizes method overloading to allow seperate code to be run for each pref subtype.  No switch blocks on types:
abstract PreferenceStorage
{
   abstract void Save(NumericPreference pref);
   abstract void Save(StringPreference pref);
   abstract void Save(DateRangePreference pref);
}

And finally, the subclasses of PreferenceStorage take care of the mechanics or saving the data:
XmlPreferenceStorage : PreferenceStorage
{
   void Save(NumericPreference pref)
   {
      // save number to xml
   }

   void Save(StringPreference pref)
   {
      // save string to xml
   }

   void Save(DateRangePreference pref)
   {
      // save date range to xml
   }
}

RegistryPreferenceStorage : PreferenceStorage
{
   void Save(NumericPreference pref)
   {
      // save number to registry
   }

   void Save(StringPreference pref)
   {
      // save string to registry
   }

   void Save(DateRangePreference pref)
   {
      // save date range to registry
   }
}

(Uggg, why is this formtating so terribly?  Sorry for the bad indenting, normally great code formatting on SO)


I saw this quote and it really struck home as this is something which I always tell people, forget what everybody else says. Make your own way!
Last year I only made 0 (why does that look more like an o [letter] than a 0 [zero] resolutions. this year I decided to build on what I've been working on last year and as such I only made one resolution this year…what is it? See video below.


Guardians of the Galaxy: What Songs Should Be On Awesome Mix Vol. 3?
While much of the success of the Guardians of the Galaxy series is due to writer/director James Gunn's unique vision, the Marvel brand, and the mix of stunning cosmic visuals with charismatic and funny characters, it's one of the few blockbuster franchises that can claim its soundtrack as part of what makes it a hit. In both the first film and Vol. 2, Gunn was able to weave a number of iconic pop songs into the narrative, augmenting the action and emotions on screen with fun and familiar music that adds depth and meaning to what's happening on screen.
The results of both Awesome Mix Vol. 1 and Vol. 2 have been unprecedented, with the soundtracks selling well digitally and in physical formats. There have even been reports of the Walkman that Peter Quill uses being highly sought after on eBay. Just as sure as there will be a Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3, Gunn will be crafting a new Awesome Mix for the team's next adventure. And with Peter's Zune acquisition, the song selection for the new film can be widely expanded. No longer constrained by Meredith Quill's musical tastes or the era in which the first two mixes were created, the unknown quantity of the songs also allows each of the Guardians to begin to explore their own muscal tastes with this new found library of MP3s. We won't know what's on the soundtrack for a few years, but we've got some suggestions.
Gunn has yet to really tap into the potent punk and new wave scenes of the late '70s and early '80s, and the Undertones were the perfect bridge between the two. Mixing the energy and ferocity of punk with the more glam-y end of the burgeoning new wave scene, they helped to pioneer the pop punk sound decades before it would become popular. There's no better example of their style than their debut single from 1978, 'Teenage Kicks,' which provides the perfect showcase for their ennui-infested take on love songs and Feargal Sharkey's iconic vibrato.
With the addition of the Zune, Gunn is now free to creep into the '90s and beyond for his music choices. As such, rap is officially on the table in a big way. While the options are many, we think A Tribe Called Quest and their 1991 track with Leaders of the New School called 'Scenario' fits with Gunn's sensibilities. Even better, we can already picture the adult Groot becoming an old school hip hop head. It's hard to imagine a more perfect scene than Groot rapping the lyrics to 'Scenario' in Groot-speak while Rocket argues with him that he's getting the words wrong.
Now that the soundtrack to Guardians has creeped into the 80s, it only makes sense to explore the biggest genre of the decade. Whether you call it new wave or synth pop, the world entered into an exciting new period following the fallout of punk. Blending glam, arena rock, and punk, the sounds of the era fit perfectly with the aesthetic of the Guardians franchise. While a number of tracks could be used, 'The More You Live, the More You Love' resonates with Gunn's taste thanks to the swelling guitars and synths and tale of love and loss. Though A Flock of Seagulls are best known for their 1982 hit 'I Ran (So Far Away),' their 1984 single proves how untapped their catalogue is in modern culture.


Although writing is mostly a "hobby" for me, I am directly affected by the Government shutdown so without a paycheck from my day job, I am promoting my books today with a sale. Today all of my books are on sale as well as my last book "Passing Toward The Prize" is currently discounted. If you would like to support me and get something in return for it, please click on one of the book links to purchase one of my books.
"Passing Toward The Prize" is a good book for church groups to read. It has a very realistic story and deals with today's issues faced by teens. I would encourage pastors to purchase several for their congregation.
Any support you can provide would be appreciated.
Coach Turner leaned forward and looked directly at Colton.
This is not the way Colton thought his high school football days would turn out for him. He is in the Class of '82 at Tompkins County High School in the small town of Tompkinsville, Georgia. His father moves them to a new church in Savannah, Georgia. He misses his friends and his girlfriend, Belle, who are now hundreds of miles away. Colton also finds himself on a football team that clearly does not want him there.
Starting over and dealing with these changes are difficult for any age but for a 15-year-old preacher's kid, it adds to the challenges he faces. He is not immune to the consequences of sin and the need for forgiveness. Colton will have to trust God that all things will work together for good.
If you loved "Facing the Giants" and "Remember the Titans" you will root for Colton Preston.
A princess needs to be rescued.
A knight needs to have his confidence restored.
A kingdom to be united.
The harmony of the three kingdoms of Alphania, Memphilla and Winthrop are threatened by the evil Aldair who is driven by his lust for power and will stop at nothing to get what he wants.
The land needs a hero.
A mysterious dragon holds the key that will dramatically change life for everyone.
Knight of Redemption is a medieval, action romance that will take you through the adventures of Cashton and Crystaline. Cashton, a former knight from Alphania, fled when Aldair seized power of the kingdom. Cashton is pressed into action when Crystaline is captured. He must choose to be the hero he was destined to be and rescue Crystaline from Aldair as well as confront a dragon. Will his confidence be shattered or will love restore him to the man he always wanted to be?
Gideon Force is an elite tactical unit led by Commander Gabriel Morrison called to help missionaries around the world by rescuing them from persecution they face from radical groups and governments. The unit is equipped with a futuristic military-style armada to assist them in their mission. Members of the Force are hand-picked by God to serve their fellow man in protecting those who are called to spread the Gospel of Jesus Christ.


Teal Palmetto jewelry is beautiful and unique. Each piece is crafted to be one-of-a-kind. I make and sell single pieces (a pair of earrings or a bracelet), as well as jewelry sets. Often I will craft unusual jewelry pieces, such as those made from the paper beads I make by hand and my paper decoupage earrings. I also use materials like glass beads, ceramic beads, shells, and Swarovski crystals to craft my popular jewelry pieces. I am always on the lookout for the most unique and unusual beads and materials to incorporate into my jewelry designs.


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October 8, 2015 Linh PhamAudio Clips
Listener Graham sent in a remixed audio clip combining the Serial introduction and music with Luke's crime stoppering story from TBTL #1956.
Listener Graham: Serial remix with Luke's Crime Stoppering from his hotel room of two guys trying to break into cars in a parking garage
/audio/grahamserialremixlukecrimestoppering-1964.mp3
Andrew: Andrew just figured out Luke's "Sass in Pockets" joke from yesterday's show
Andrew: "God damn it, this is gonna be an endless summer."
Andrew: "I don't want to crawl too much into our heads"
Andrew: "I love it. I love it."
Andrew: "Luke."
Andrew: "Oh, okay. I guess I don't know what money means."
Andrew: "Oh! God!"
Andrew: Quick Inhaling Sound
Andrew: "So, I don't know who to root for here."
Andrew: "The worse the house goes, the better the podcast gets. Right?"
Andrew: "We didn't start the fire."
Andrew: "We good."
Andrew: "Whoopie!"
Andrew: "Woo-hoo!"
Andrew and Luke: Andrew thinks Luke could be a spokesperson for Filson
Andrew and Luke: Luke is shedding a lot… of tears
Andrew and Luke: "Official rope giver-outer (Mmm-hmm) to Andrew-er (Yep) so he hanger himself-er?"
Andrew and Luke: "They call that 'white lung'. Yes! That's the worst joke, thank you for laughing at it."
Luke: "A bag-related encouragement… you know."
Luke: Chuckling
Luke: "I defy you to find a location that has literally ten thousand spoons and not one knife. What is that, the world's biggest TCBY?"
Luke: "I shit you not."
Luke: "Let's be honest, bro."
Luke: "My jam has been sufficiently pumped."
Luke: "Pre-cogging your laundry"
Luke: Reciting a portion of Alanis Morissette's "Ironic"
Luke: Reciting a portion of Barenaked Ladies's "One Week"
Luke: "Sure as shit, there's some rub here."
Luke: "The ding-dang business card."
Luke: "Woo-hoo!"
Luke: "Yes!"
Luke and Andrew: Quoting a Space Jam trailer "The jamminest two minutes of trailer time that ever hit a theater. It's 7.5 megs, it's Quicktime, and it's worth it."
Clips From TBTL #1963: Andrew Walsh Edition | Clips From TBTL #1965


text:
Published December 3, 2015 6:28am EST
Austerity's legacy: British voters must decide who they trust to heal United Kingdom's economy
FILE - In this Friday April 17, 2015 file photo Britain's Prime Minister David Cameron addresses Fujitsu employees in Birmingham, England. Prime Minister David Cameron and his main opponent, Labour leader Ed Miliband, agree on one thing going into Britain's May 7 election: voters should choose the next leader based on the health of the economy. (Peter Macdiarmid/Pool Photo via AP, File) (The Associated Press)
FILE - In this Friday April 17, 2015 file photo, Britain's Labour Party leader Ed Miliband speaks during the launch of his party's manifesto for young people in Lincoln, England. Britain's Prime Minister David Cameron and his main opponent, Labour leader Ed Miliband, agree on one thing going into Britain's May 7 election: voters should choose the next leader based on the health of the economy. (Stefan Rousseau/PA via AP, File) UNITED KINGDOM OUT - NO SALES - NO ARCHIVES (The Associated Press)
Labour party leader Ed Miliband answers questions from people at Pensby High School in The Wirral, England, while on the General Election campaign trail, Saturday April 18, 2015. Britain's Prime Minister David Cameron and his main opponent, Labour leader Ed Miliband, agree on one thing going into Britain's May 7 election: voters should choose the next leader based on the health of the economy. (Stefan Rousseau / PA via AP) UNITED KINGDOM OUT - NO SALES - NO ARCHIVES (The Associated Press)
LONDON – Prime Minister David Cameron and his main opponent agree on one thing going into Britain's May 7 election: Voters should choose the next leader based on the health of the economy.
The question is whether the patient is recovering or is still on life support after the global financial crisis.
After five years of budget cuts, Cameron is focusing on the headline numbers. Inflation is down, employment is up and the economy is growing at the fastest rate among large industrialized nations. The Conservatives need five more years to cement the gains and ensure that benefits trickle down to everyone, Cameron says.
The opposition Labour Party is urging voters to look behind the headlines. Real earnings are below pre-crisis levels, employment figures are inflated by low-skill jobs, and the safety net that protects the poorest in society has been gutted, Labour leader Ed Miliband says. The use of food banks has soared as economic insecurity increased under Cameron's government.
While politicians are crisscrossing the country promising to control immigration, protect the National Health Service, build homes and improve education, the election boils down to a simple question: Did the Conservative-led government chart the right course through the worst recession since the 1930s?
"It's about austerity and globalization," said John Curtice, a professor of politics at the University of Strathclyde. "It is particularly, perhaps, about the consequences of austerity in the context of a globalized world."
While both parties pledge to continue cutting budget deficits, which ballooned during the financial crisis, the Conservatives are focused on spending cuts. Labour says it will cut less and compensate by raising taxes on the wealthy.
Ben Page of the IPSOS-Mori polling firm said people aren't focused on the specifics of deficit reduction. They are looking for someone to trust — to decide who is better suited to lead the United Kingdom forward from the weakest recovery since World War II.
"Voters will be choosing between the Conservatives, who are seen as being a bit mean but efficient and effective, and the Labour Party that is more caring but possibly less competent," Page said of the perceptions.
Complicating this equation is the rise of smaller parties, which could force Cameron or Miliband to form a coalition government that would pull them toward the economic extremes.
The right-wing U.K. Independence Party promises to leave the European Union and end inheritance taxes. At the other end of the scale, the left-leaning Scottish National Party, Greens and Welsh nationalist Plaid Cymru party all oppose budget cuts.
The Liberal Democrats, Cameron's current coalition partners, are positioning themselves as the moderate alternative, arguing they would soften austerity in a second Conservative-led government and enforce economic discipline in a Labour-led coalition.
While Cameron has succeeded in turning around the economy, he has been less successful in changing the perception of his party among uncommitted voters, according to Michael Ashcroft, a pollster and former deputy chairman of the Conservative Party. Growing numbers of voters see Labour as the party that's "on the side of people like me," he said in a report last month.
Miliband emphasized this contrast when he released the Labour Party's election program.
"The Tories would have you believe low pay is necessary for Britain to succeed," he said. "Friends, that is wrong. Low pay and insecurity stop us succeeding. They hold back working people and hold back our country."
The next day, Cameron promised that good times were just around the corner.
"We have put our country on solid ground," he said. "But let me tell you: The next five years are much, much more important. The next five years are about turning the good news in our economy into a good life for you and your family."
Cameron so far has struggled to convince voters this is a real prospect, given that real wages are almost 10 percent below pre-crisis levels and newspapers are filled with stories about rich people and international companies avoiding taxes.
By contrast, Labour's poll numbers rose after Miliband pledged to eliminate a loophole that allows people with permanent homes abroad to trim their British tax bills, even though some economists said the proposal actually would reduce income for the Treasury.
Page said Labour "might win not because they are brilliant at running the economy, but because what they are deemed to be doing is fair."
Complicating the picture, some economists warn that even the headline economic figures may not be as good as they appear.
While Britain is in a stronger financial position today than in 2010 when Cameron rose to power, the recovery has been weak because of dismal productivity growth and lower wages, according to Erik Nielsen, an economist at UniCredit. He said Britain's economy has grown faster than its European peers chiefly because it has deferred many of the spending cuts deemed necessary to bring its budget deficits in line.
The government cut the primary structural deficit — the measure that excludes the nation's position in the business cycle — to 3.2 percent of GDP in 2011 from 6 percent in 2010. But annual structural deficits have fallen only 0.9 percentage points since then.
"Although there's been a lot of talk of austerity in the U.K., there hasn't really been much of it since 2011," Nielsen wrote in a note to investors. "This matters because the big cuts — and the associated fiscal drag — therefore lie ahead, which is the opposite of what you see in most of the eurozone."


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The conductive properties of graphite have been used by sound artists in different ways – as a freeform tool available to the public in "Paper Circuits" by Franziska Windisch, Martin Rumori, Christoph Haag and Ludwig Zeller, for example, or, in the aesthetically refined "Induction Drawings" by Joyce Hinterding. But there is a different combination of the available elements that can be put into practice, – one even more sensorially engaging than those mentioned above. Jeroen Uyttendaele and Dewi de Vree, go on to explore the performative aspect of this medium, in their joint performance "Ground." Their live graphite drawings become the interface controlling the volume, pitch and amplitude of a music piece. The work is also affected by the intersection and external movements of their hands. Performance gestures become a multilevel dialogue. The magnetic fields flowing or being abruptly changed are interwoven with the close but separated physicality of the performance (the artists are standing face-to-face, with the instruments and the drawing paper between them). This shapes the abstract symbols drawn, while the produced sound acts as a unifying underlying magnetic environment. Produced in a limited edition of 300 copies, this catalogue includes a text by Hicham Khalidi, a collection of fifty-one final drawings and a DVD containing a video of a studio performance. The production of the printed images are subsequently documented in full action, giving justice to the symbiotic gestures and the speechless dialogue of the two onstage.


text:
GE and UCSF partner on clinical computing for imaging
Joseph Conn
The University of California at San Francisco's Center for Digital Health Innovation and GE Healthcare are developing tools to help clinicians make faster and more accurate diagnoses of specific conditions.
GE, which makes radiological imaging equipment and electronic health records systems, is working with UCSF to develop an entire library of computerized calculations, or algorithms, that will be combined with EHR data in an effort to more quickly read images and help develop patient care plans.
An algorithm already under development can help spot pneumothorax, or collapsed lung. But the long-term goal is to create a clinical computing system to predict a patient's trajectory, automate their triage and otherwise enhance workflows to be more efficient, according to GE.
The algorithms will be stored and made accessible worldwide via GE's Health Cloud database and work with so-called "smart" GE imaging machines, according to a UCSF news release.
"Together, we will develop tools and algorithms that will allow clinicians and researchers to identify problems and ask questions that are only achievable with vast computing power and datasets," said Dr. Michael Blum, a veteran physician informaticist. Blum is director of the innovation center at UCSF and associate vice chancellor for informatics.
Financial terms of the agreement were undisclosed.
Since the 1960s, clinicians and computer scientists have been trying to harness the power of computers to help with the complex problem of differential diagnosis, yielding diagnostic support tools such as Dr. Lawrence Weed's Problem-Knowledge Coupler and Dr. G. Octo Barnett's DXplain in the 1980s. They've been augmented by a number of more recent tools such as Isabel, developed initially for pediatrics, and VisualDx, initially for dermatology, but more recently adapted to diseases of the body such as Ebola.
The GE and UCSF collaboration will face stiff competition.
Last year, IBM acquired Chicago-based Merge Healthcare, a developer and provider of imaging exchange software and services for $1 billion. The goal was to hook up Merge clients with IBM's Watson database and clinical computing and artificial intelligence platform.
IBM has been working for more than a decade on image recognition for a variety of industries, but launched the IBM Watson Health Group a year ago to put Watson's brain power to work in the healthcare industry.
In June, Merge and IBM announced a "medical imaging collaborative" of 15 medial imaging technology companies and healthcare providers to create AI support for a host of medical conditions, including cancer and brain, heart lung and eye disease.
The first commercial offering from the Merge/Watson initiative – focused on diagnosing aortic stenosis, a narrowing of the heart's aortic valve, could be released in the first quarter this year, said Michael Klozotsky, marketing leader for Watson Health Imaging. It and other AI projects will be on display at the upcoming annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America Nov. 27-Dec. 1 in Chicago, he said.


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Godfrey Morse (May 19, 1846 – June 20, 1911) was a German-born Jewish-American lawyer from Massachusetts.

Life
Morse was born on May 19, 1846 in Wachenheim, Bavaria, the son of Jacob Maas Morse and Charlotte Mehlinger. His brother was American Congressman Leopold Morse.

Morse immigrated to America when he was eight and lived in Boston, Massachusetts. He attended the Brimmer Grammar School, the Boston English High School, and the Boston Latin School. He entered Harvard College in 1867, and while there he was editor of The Harvard Advocate and manager of the first Harvard crew to be taken abroad and row against Oxford. He graduated from Harvard in 1870 with an A.B., the first Jew from Boston to graduate from Harvard. He then went to Harvard Law School, graduating from there in 1872. After graduating, he studied law in the office of law firm Brooks & Ball. He also taught English literature and arithmetic in the Boston Evening High School in the winter of 1872. He was admitted to the bar in 1873. He practiced law in Boston for the rest of his life, and his later became associated with Lee M. Friedman and Percy A. Atherton.

Morse was a member of the Boston School Committee from 1876 to 1878. He served on the Boston Common Council from 1882 to 1883 and was elected its president in 1883. From 1882 to 1884, he was assistant counsel of the United States in the Court of Commissioners of Alabama Claims. In 1887, he was elected a trustee of the Boston Dental College. In 1890, he received an honorary M.A. degree from Tufts College. He was a delegate to the 1896 National Democratic Party Convention in Indianapolis, Indiana, and from 1897 to 1898 he was chairman of the Massachusetts State Committee and the Boston City Committee of the National Democratic Party. By 1904, he was vice-president of the Boston Home for Incurables and the Elysium Club, president of the Purim Association, the Leopold Morse Home for Infirm Hebrews and Orphanage, the Boston Federation of Jewish Charities, and the Boston Branch of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, and a member and trustee of various charitable and semi-public organizations.

Morse was a director of the Allouez Mining Company, a trustee of the American Surety Company of New York, Master of the local Freemason lodge, and a member of the University Club of Boston, the Boston Athletic Association, the Criterion Club, and the Manhattan Club. In 1907, he married Janet Rosenthal Conrad.

Morse died in Dresden, Germany while visiting there with his wife on June 20, 1911. His body was returned to America on the SS Kaiser Wilhelm II. Rabbi Charles Fleischer conducted the funeral service at the Forest Hills Cemetery chapel, and it was attended by a number of people associated with him in the legal profession, politics, and various institutions and organizations. He was buried in Forest Hills Cemetery.

References

1846 births
1911 deaths
People from the Palatinate (region)
19th-century German Jews
American people of German-Jewish descent
Bavarian emigrants to the United States
Lawyers from Boston
19th-century American Jews
20th-century American Jews
Jewish American attorneys
Boston Latin School alumni
Harvard Advocate alumni
Harvard Crimson rowers
Harvard College alumni
Harvard Law School alumni
19th-century American lawyers
20th-century American lawyers
National Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Boston City Council members

Boston School Committee members
American Freemasons
Burials at Forest Hills Cemetery (Boston)