text:
Q: Error when creating a PostgreSQL database using python, sqlalchemy and psycopg2 I use sqlalchemy that uses psycopg2 for connecting to postgresql servers.
When I launch the following code:
from sqlalchemy.engine.url import URL
from sqlalchemy.engine import create_engine
url = URL(drivername='postgresql', username='myname', password='mypasswd', host='localhost', database='template1')
eng = create_engine(url)
eng.execute('CREATE DATABASE new_db;')

I always get the following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1788, in execute
    return connection.execute(statement, *multiparams, **params)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1191, in execute
    params)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1287, in _execute_text
    return self.__execute_context(context)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1302, in __execute_context
    context.parameters[0], context=context)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1401, in _cursor_execute
    context)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1394, in _cursor_execute
    context)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 299, in do_execute
    cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
sqlalchemy.exc.InternalError: (InternalError) CREATE DATABASE cannot run inside a transaction block
 'CREATE DATABASE new_db;' {}

When I try to use a url without specifying a database argument:
url = URL(drivername='postgresql', username='myname', password='mypasswd', host='localhost')

I get the following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1787, in execute
    connection = self.contextual_connect(close_with_result=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1829, in contextual_connect
    self.pool.connect(),
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 182, in connect
    return _ConnectionFairy(self).checkout()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 369, in __init__
    rec = self._connection_record = pool.get()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 213, in get
    return self.do_get()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 732, in do_get
    con = self.create_connection()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 147, in create_connection
    return _ConnectionRecord(self)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 253, in __init__
    self.connection = self.__connect()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 319, in __connect
    connection = self.__pool._creator()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py", line 82, in connect
    return dialect.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/SQLAlchemy-0.6.6-py2.7.egg/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 249, in connect
    return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (OperationalError) FATAL:  database "roma" does not exist
 None None

How can I fix the problem?

A: Same without using ORM Session:
conn = eng.connect()
conn.connection.connection.set_isolation_level(0)
conn.execute('create database test')
conn.connection.connection.set_isolation_level(1)

Surely there would be no reason to use ORM to set isolation level on plain DB connection, right?

A: from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
engine = create_engine('postgresql+psycopg2://USER:PASSWORD@127.0.0.1:5432/DB_OR_TEMPLATE')
session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)()
session.connection().connection.set_isolation_level(0)
session.execute('CREATE DATABASE test')
session.connection().connection.set_isolation_level(1)

If you don't have any databases, you should use template1
"""Isolation level values."""
ISOLATION_LEVEL_AUTOCOMMIT     = 0
ISOLATION_LEVEL_READ_COMMITTED = 1
ISOLATION_LEVEL_SERIALIZABLE   = 2

http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/connection.html#connection.set_isolation_level
http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/extensions.html#isolation-level-constants
http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/transaction-iso.html

A: POstgresql >11  conn.autocommit = True


text:
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Alkaline Earth Metals Properties -[ Periodic table, Characteristics] of Alkaline earth metals
Chemistry, Alkaline Earth Metals Properties
At the end of the article, you will be able to describe – What are alkaline earth metals, Definition, alkaline earth metals properties, periodic table and what are the characteristics of alkaline earth metals properties- Physical, chemical. Let's start discussing one by one.
What are Alkaline Earth Metals – Definition
The name 'earth' was given by chemists to substances like alumina (Al2O3) which were quite stable to heat. The oxides of calcium, strontium, and barium were also quite stable to heat and did not decompose even on strong heating. These metal oxides and also the metals were called alkaline earth.
At present all the elements included in the group 2 family (except Be which has different characteristics) are known as alkaline earth metals. The oxides of these elements are similar to those of alkali metals and dissolve in water to form hydroxides or alkalies.
Elements Electronic Configuration
Be 1s22s2
Mg 1s22s2sp63s2
Ca 1s22s22p63s23p64s2
Sr [Kr]5s2
Ba [Xe]6s2
Ra [Rn]7s2
Alkaline Earth Metals Periodic Table
This group comprises of beryllium (4Be), magnesium (12Mg), calcium (20Ca), strontium (38Sr), barium (56Ba) and radium (88Ra).Just like alkali metals, alkaline earth metals properties show reactive nature and do not exist in the free state.
Beryllium does not occur in abundance and is also difficult to extract, therefore it is unfamiliar metal. Magnesium and calcium occur in considerable amounts in the earth's crust. Strontium and barium do not occur as concentrated ores but are easy to extract. Radium is a radioactive rare element.
Characteristics of Alkaline Earth Metals
They are malleable and ductile but less than the alkali metals. Atomic as well as ionic radii increases on moving down the group. The group 2 elements possess the smaller size and greater nuclear charge. The electrons are more tightly held. Hence the first ionization energy is greater than the alkali metals. Their compounds are diamagnetic and colorless, provided their anions are also colorless. On moving down the group, the electropositive character increases due to decreasing ionization energy. They have low electronegativity which decreases on moving down the group. The group 2 elements are the good conductor of heat and electricity.
Alkaline Earth Metals Properties Comparison with Alkali metals
When compared to alkali metals, alkaline earth metals are When compared to alkali metals, alkaline earth metals have
(i) less reactive. (i) smaller atoms and ions.
(ii) less electropositive. (ii) stronger metallic bonds.
(iii) less metallic. (iii) higher m.p. and b.p.
(iv) less reducing and less basic. (iv) high density and are harder.
Alkaline Earth Metals Properties
Because of their similarity in electronic configuration (ns2), they closely resemble their physical and chemical properties.
Like alkali metals, alkaline earth metal properties show highly reactive nature and hence do not occur free in nature. But unlike alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds are insoluble due to high charge present on the ions. Hence group 2 elements occur as insoluble deposits in the earth's crust in the form of silicates, carbonates, sulfates, and phosphates.
They are all silvery-white metals as they have a few valence electrons than the available orbitals. group 2 elements possess grayish luster when freshly cut. It becomes tarnish soon after their exposure to air. They are malleable and ductile but less than the alkali metals. Although they are sufficiently soft yet less than the alkali metals because metallic bonding (bonding between atoms in its crystal lattice) in these elements is stronger than in group IA elements.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=DFQPnHkQlZM
Atomic volume, atomic and ionic radii
Because of the addition of an extra shell of electrons to each element from Be to Ra, the atomic volume increases from Be to Ra.
The atoms of these elements, although fairly large, are smaller than those of the corresponding elements of the group IA. This is due to the higher nuclear charge of these atoms which tends to draw the orbital electrons towards the nucleus. The ions are also large but smaller than those of the elements of group IA. This is again due to the fact that the removal of the two valence electrons to form M2+ ions increases the effective nuclear charge which pulls the electrons inwards and this reduces the size of the ion.
Atomic as well as ionic radii increases on moving down the group on account of the presence of an extra shell at each step.
Ionization energy
Since the group 2 elements possess the smaller size and greater nuclear charge than the alkali metals, the electrons are more tightly held.Hence the first ionization energy is greater than the alkali metals.
The second ionization energy is much higher (nearly double) than the first ionization energy.
The general reactivity trend is Ba > Sr > Ca > Mg > Be.
Explanation with the following two ways.
(a) The first ionization energy represents the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom (M) while the second ionization energy represents the energy required to remove an electron from a positive ion (M) which, of course, is difficult than the former case.
(b) After the removal of one electron, the effective nuclear charge increases and hence the remaining outermost electron is held even more tightly leading to very high ionization energy. It is interesting to note that although the IE2 of the alkaline earth metals is much higher than the IE1, even then they form M2+ ions. The anomaly is explained due to their high heat of hydration in aqueous solution and high lattice energy in the solid state.
Due to the presence of two s-electrons in the outermost orbital, high heat of hydration of the dipositive ions and comparatively low values of IE2, the alkaline earth metals are bivalent. Moreover, since the bivalent ions have the inert gas configuration, it is very difficult to remove the third electron from the element and hence oxidation state higher than 2 are not encountered. Further, the divalent ion has no unpaired electron, hence their compounds are diamagnetic and colorless, provided their anions are also colorless. Thus, in short, it can be said that the chemistry of these elements is the chemistry of dipositive ions.
Electropositive character
Due to their large size and comparatively low ionization energies, the group 2 elements are strongly electropositive elements. However, these are not as strongly electropositive as the alkali metals and hence, unlike alkali metals, these elements do not emit electron on exposure to light. On moving down the group, the electropositive character increases due to decreasing ionization energy.
Since these elements are electropositive, they have low electronegativity which decreases on moving down the group. The relatively high value of Be is due to its small size.
Polarizing power
The ionic size increases from Be2+ to Ba2+, so the polarizing power decreases from Be2+ to Ba2+, i.e. Be2+ ion has maximum polarizing power and Ba2+, the least.Therefore, beryllium has a tendency to form covalent compounds.
Heat and electrical conductivity
Due to the presence of two loosely held valence electrons (per atom) which are free to move throughout the crystal structure, the group 2 elements are the good conductor of heat and electricity.
They are denser than the alkali metals because they can be packed more tightly due to their greater charge and smaller radii. The density decreases from Be to Ca and then increases again.
Melting and boiling points
They have high melting points than those of alkali metals. This is because these metals possess two valence electrons and are much strongly bonded in the solid state than the alkali metals.
Flame coloration
Chlorides of alkaline earth metal, except that of Be and Mg, produce characteristic color to flame due to easy excitation of electrons to higher energy levels. Beryllium and magnesium atoms, due to their small size, bind their electrons more strongly, i.e. their ionization energies are high. Hence these possess high excitation energy and not excited by the energy of the flame to higher energy state with the result no color is produced in the flame.
Reducing properties (oxidation potential)
Alkaline earth metals have two electrons outside the noble gas configuration. Due to their large size and low ionization energy, they can easily lose outermost two electrons and hence undergo oxidation (loss of electrons) easily.
M → M2+ + 2e–
Thus they are strong reducing agents. Further since the ionisation energy decreases (i.e. electropositive character increases) from Be to Ba, the reducing character of the alkaline earth elements increases from Be to Ba which is evident from the values of their oxidation potential which increases from Be to Ba (recall that higher the value of oxidation potential or higher the negative value of reduction potential greater is the electropositive character and reducing property of the element).
Beryllium, on account of its relatively lower oxidation potential, liberates hydrogen from acids slowly; on the other hand, other elements having high values of oxidation potential react vigorously even with water.
Since the oxidation potential of group 2 elements is lower than that of alkali metals, they are less electropositive and weaker reducing agents than the alkali metals. The lower value of oxidation potentials of alkaline earth metals is due to their high sublimation and ionization energies.
The chemical reactions of the group 2 elements are quite comparable to that of alkali metals. But due to the smaller size and greater charge and hence high ionization energy.So, alkaline earth metal properties show much less reactive than the corresponding alkali metals properties. Further, since their ionization energies decrease with increase in atomic number, their reactivity increases from Be to Ba. Lastly, beryllium being extremely small in size has a unique chemical behavior.
Reaction with air
Their less reactivity than the alkali metals is evident by the fact that they are only slowly oxidized on exposure to air. However, when burnt in the air they form ionic oxides of the type MO, except Ba and Ra which give peroxides. Thus the tendency of the metal to form higher oxides like peroxide increases on moving down the group.
Reaction with water
These metals react slowly with water liberating hydrogen and forming metal hydroxides, e.g.
Ca+ 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
The reaction with water becomes increasingly vigorous on moving down the group. The reaction of beryllium with water is not certain, magnesium reacts only with hot water, while other metals react with cold water but, of course, not as energetically as the alkali metals.
Ba > Sr > Ca > Mg > Be (Reactivity with water)
The inertness of Be and Mg towards water is due to the formation of a protective thin layer of hydroxide on the surface of the metals.
Reaction with Hydrogen
All these elements, except beryllium, combine with hydrogen to form hydrides,(metal) MH2. Magnesium hydride (like BeH2) is covalent while other hydrides are ionic.
Reaction with halogens
All these elements combine with halogens at elevated temperatures forming halides, MX2. Beryllium halides are covalent, while the rest are ionic and thus dissolve in water and conduct electricity in aqueous solution and in the molten state. The solubility of halides (except fluoride) decreases on moving down the group; fluorides are almost insoluble in water.
Action with nitrogen
All these elements burn in nitrogen forming nitrides, (metal)M3N2 which react with water to liberate ammonia.
3Ca + N2 → Ca3N2
Ca3N2 + 6H2O→3Ca(OH)2 + 2NH3
The ease of formation of nitrides decreases on moving down the group.
Action with acids
On account of their high oxidation potentials, they readily liberate hydrogen from dilute acids. For example,
Mg + 2HCL—> MgCl2 + H2
The reactivity of group 2 elements increases on moving down the group. This is due to increase in electropositive character from Be to Ba. Thus beryllium reacts very slowly, Mg reacts very rapidly while Ca, Sr and Ba react explosively.
Formation of amalgam and alloys
They form an amalgam with mercury and alloys with other metals.
Complex formation
As described earlier, complex formation is favored by small size, highly charged ion and suitable empty orbitals; alkaline earth metal ions, not having these characteristics, do not have a significant tendency (although it is more than in the alkali metals by virtue of their double charge) to form complexes. However, beryllium, due to its small size, forms a number of stable complexes, e.g., [BeF2]–, [BeF4 ]2-,[Be(H2O)4]2+ etc.
Solubility in liquid ammonia
Like alkali metals, alkaline earth metal properties show a behavior to dissolve in liquid ammonia giving colored solutions. When the metal-ammonia solutions are evaporated, hexammoniates M(NH3)6 are formed. The ammoniates are good conductors of electricity and decompose at high temperatures. The tendency for the formation of ammoniates decreases with increases in the size of the metal atom, i.e., on moving down the group.
This is all about the basics of – What are alkaline earth metals, Definition, alkaline earth metals properties, periodic table, and what are the characteristics of alkaline earth metals.
If you like feel free to share with others.
Singh Daman
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
El Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores ( o SWP) es un partido político de extrema izquierda de los Estados Unidos, fundado en 1938 por exmilitantes de la Liga Comunista de América. El SWP es miembro de la Tendencia Pathfinder, un grupo de organizaciones trotskistas que apoya a la Revolución cubana y al Partido Comunista de Cuba. El órgano de expresión del SWP es el periódico obrero The Militant, creado en 1928.

Secretarios nacionales del SWP

 James P. Cannon (1938-1953)
 Farrell Dobbs (1953-1972)
 Jack Barnes (1972-actualidad)

Enlaces externos

 The Militant
 Pathfinder Press

Partidos políticos estadounidenses de izquierda
Partidos comunistas de Estados Unidos
Partidos políticos fundados en 1938
Partidos políticos trotskistas

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


bombe 125 mm cascade crackling rougeGros calibre pour grands effets !
bombe 125 mm cascade crackling bleuGros calibre pour grands effets !
bombe 125 mm cascade crackling multicoloreGros calibre pour grands effets !


text:
The Zen of Street Fighter
It was a cold day at UVic's inaugural Virtual Ninja Street Fighter Tournament, despite the fact Room 308A in the McPherson library was packed with students and staff of all ages and demographics. Some had come to play in the tournament but were eliminated in earlier heats, while others just wanted to watch.
All were silent for the final clash, as iLLFader and Double Eh, the two finalists, prepared to square off. The former selected F.A.N.G as his character— a franchise newcomer who specializes in slippery movements and inflicting status effects on his enemies. The latter chose Ken — a Street Fighter staple whose move set is as straightforward and effective as it is iconic.
As the first of five rounds commenced, iLLFader was quick to throw arcing poison shots into the air. They didn't land any hits, but they sent a clear message to Double Eh: air attacks will be punished. The two exchanged a few hits and played a short footsie game before iLLFader closed the gap and took apart Double Eh's defense, handily securing his first win.
"The controls are so gymnastic and complicated that you have to train really hard and really long to do them properly," he explains. "The dedication required seems to echo real martial arts."
For Chris Goto-Jones, the Dean of Humanities at UVic and the creator of the Virtual Ninja Project, this competition between two people is a big part of the appeal of fighting games, and Street Fighter specifically. "It's such a sort of honest exchange," explains Goto-Jones. "It's a very simple game. Two characters with two players and they are in direct conflict with each other on the screen. And the player who is better just wins."
Round two began and Double Eh adjusted to iLLFader's slippery movements. He cornered F.A.N.G. and delivered Ken's punishing bread-and-butter combo to take an early lead. iLLFader wasn't shaken though, and adapted to a more aggressive approach. His control of the terrain was airtight from that point on, and he once again out-maneuvered Double Eh to earn his second win.
"There's no hiding that you suck. You just have to carry on and get better," says Goto-Jones.
Goto-Jones's words may seem harsh, but they are coming from a place of experience. In addition to his study of philosophy, Goto-Jones is also an accomplished martial artist, having previously taught classes on Shotokhan karate and Wing Chun kung-fu. The Virtual Ninja Project was created to question whether playing violent video games like Street Fighter fosters the same kind of self-cultivation that comes from studying martial arts.
After five years of surveys and interviews with fighting game players from all over the world, Goto-Jones's study concluded that these games offer the same potential for self-transformation, but only if that is what the player seeks.
Round three of the tournament finished the same way as the first two, with iLLFader bagging his third win. Double Eh needed to get his head in the game if he didn't want the tournament to have a swift conclusion, and he knew it.
Round four was the closest one yet, thanks to Double Eh's new defensive strategy. But with the clock running down and only a magical pixel of health left, he needed a definitive victory or else iLLFader would win by virtue of having more health. In a stunning turn of events that caused the entire room to cheer, Double Eh managed to do just that with two seconds left in the match. He may have been on the brink of defeat, but he was not going down without a fight.
After five years of surveys and interviews with fighting game players from all over the world, Goto-Jones's study concluded that these games offer the potential for self-transformation, but only if that is what the player seeks.
That is exactly the mentality that Goto-Jones looked for in his research participants, too.
"The desire to find people who will beat you — that's what drives the players we are most interested in," he says. "Not the players who play in order to beat other people, but the players who play in order to learn by being beaten."
That desire for self-improvement is at the core of any serious martial artist, and the gamers who also possess it are able to tap into the transformative potential of fighting games. While this quality is present in most, if not all, games, Goto-Jones says that it is especially prominent in fighting games due to the nature of the controls.
Rather than choosing Street Fighter as the tournament game based on personal preference, the decision was based on the responses Goto-Jones received from survey participants. With the recent release of the Street Fighter V: Arcade Edition, it was an easy choice over games like Tekken or Guilty Gear.
The next round of the tournament had Double Eh fighting an uphill battle, and unfortunately for him it was a battle he was not up for. iLLFader closed out the first official Virtual Ninja Street Fighter Tournament with one final win, securing himself a trophy provided by Capcom Vancouver.
A Street Fighter V competition in Cologne, Germany, in 2015. Photo by Sergey Galyonkin via Flickr
While this tournament was small compared some of the international competitions (EVO 2016 had 5 000 entrants to play Street Fighter V), the friendly atmosphere was welcoming to all participants. Goto-Jones is already preparing for next year, with talks of collaborating with UBC and VIU. While the tournament is not currently linked to any UVic-based game clubs, he has expressed interest in working with them in the future. Perhaps this time next year the Virtual Ninja Tournament will draw participants from all over the province.
Just don't expect Goto-Jones to participate himself — despite his affection for these games, he is quick to admit that he is quite bad at them. But for him, that is part of the appeal.
"It's good for everybody to do something they are bad at," Goto-Jones says. "I think humility is important."


text:
Q: Chrome not sending back cookies in iframe after Aug 10, 2020 update We have a webapp that embed another webapp on a different site in an iFrame. This had been in place for a few years already. Last week we started to get error reports from some users. After investigation we found that on Chrome 84.0.4147.125, released Aug 10, 2020, the cookies in the iFrame are not sent back to the server. The issue only occurs since this chrome version. Older versions and other browsers are working fine.
What has changed in this release that could have this impact?

A: Thanks @Eyal.D for pointing to the solution.
As stated in https://stackoverflow.com/a/45095345/1401409 :

Chrome now blocks cookies without SameSite set, so you need to
explicitly set it to samesite=none.

I was able to fix this by adding the following in my httpd configuration:
Header edit Set-Cookie ^(.*)$ $1;HttpOnly;Secure;SameSite=None

I would add, as stated in https://stackoverflow.com/a/57874184/1401409 :

If you own the somesite.com you can opt-out of this policy by setting
SameSite policy to None and deal with the risk of CSRF attacks by a
doing Double Submit Cookie.

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text:
Q: How to sort a list of tuples according to another list There is a list:
a = [("ax", 1), ("ec", 3), ("bk", 5)]

another list:
b = ["ec", "ax", "bk"]

I want to sort a according to b:
sort_it(a, b)

a = [("ec", 3), ("ax", 1), ("bk", 5)]

How to do this?

A: a.sort(key=lambda x: b.index(x[0]))

This sorts a in-place using the the index in b of the first element of each tuple from a as the values it sorts on.
Another, possibly cleaner, way of writing it would be:
a.sort(key=lambda (x,y): b.index(x))

If you had large numbers of items, it might be more efficient to do things a bit differently, because .index() can be an expensive operation on a long list, and you don't actually need to do a full sorting since you already know the order:
mapping = dict(a)
a[:] = [(x,mapping[x]) for x in b]

Note that this will only work for a list of 2-tuples. If you want it to work for arbitrary-length tuples, you'd need to modify it slightly:
mapping = dict((x[0], x[1:]) for x in a)
a[:] = [(x,) + mapping[x] for x in b]

A: Another posibility is to sort a, sort the indices of b according to b and than sort the a according to the indices
a.sort(key=lambda x: x[0])
ind = [i[0] for i in sorted(enumerate(b),key=lambda x: x[1])]
a = [i[0] for i in sorted(zip(a,ind),key=lambda x: x[1])]

since every sorting takes n*log(n) this is still scalable for bigger lists

A: There's actually a way to do this in linear O(n) time, because this isn't really a sorting operation. The existence of the list b means that the sorting is already done; all we really need to do is to rearrange the elements of a to be in the same order. This can be done efficiently thanks to dictionaries.
from collections import defaultdict

def sorted_by(seq_to_sort, desired_order, key=None):
    if key is None:
        key = lambda x: x

    # group the elements by their key
    grouped_items = defaultdict(list)
    for item in seq_to_sort:
        k = key(item)
        grouped_items[k].append(item)

    # flatten the dict of groups to a list
    return [item for key in desired_order for item in grouped_items[key]]

Usage:
a = [("ax", 1), ("ec", 3), ("bk", 5)]
b = ["ec", "ax", "bk"]
result = sorted_by(a, b, lambda tup: tup[0])
print(result)  # output: [("ec", 3), ("ax", 1), ("bk", 5)]

Notes:

*

*This is a stable sort; if two list items have the same key, their order will be preserved. Example:
>>> sorted_by([1, 2, 3], [5], key=lambda x: 5)
[1, 2, 3]

*If any list elements are mapped to keys that don't exist in desired_order, those elements are silently discarded. For example:
>>> sorted_by([1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], key=lambda x: 5)
[]

See also:

*

*defaultdict

A: Traditional sorting may not be needed.
[tup for lbl in b for tup in a if tup[0] == lbl]
# [('ec', 3), ('ax', 1), ('bk', 5)]


Jumuia ya Mazingira ya Jamii ya Vikokotoni (JMJV), the Vikokotoni Environment Society, is an NGO in the community of Vikokotoni, Stone Town, whose goal is to clean-up their community and introduce effective waste management to protect the environment and make Vikokotoni a safe, healthy and beautiful place to live. JMJV are also developing an education and awareness-raising programme to encourage community support and participation in their activities.
As well as improving recycling, sanitation and drainage, JMJV are working, with SEA's support, to improve livelihoods in sustainable ways through diverse entrepreneurial activities from drain cleaning to sustainable charcoal briquette manufacture to making upcycled jewelery from recycled paper.
Our community, Vikokotoni, is located between Darajani market and Mtendeni Street. We have lived here for many generations, but over the years we have seen an increase in the number of residents and shops, and with them the amount of garbage being produced. Because there was no (governmental) service to take care of household and shop rubbish, residents just threw their waste onto the streets. This led to an unpleasant and unhealthy environment as well as blocked drains, and floods with every rainfall.
Following President Dr. Shein's advice to the communities of Zanzibar to establish their own waste management, we set up the Non-Governmental Organisation Jumuia ya Mazingira ya Jamii ya Vikokotoni in August 2011, to organise the clean up in the Shehia of Vikokotoni.
JMJV currently has 35 members.
With training from Cultural Art Centre, Zanzibar through the Sustainable East Africa programme, five members are now able to up-cycle old magazines and newspaper into paper beads and paper bags, which are sold in the Art Centre.
We now offer clean-up and recycling services for events in Stone Town, using these trolleys –sponsorship opportunities are available!
We grow vegetables fertilized with compost made from organic waste, and produce is sold in the market to raise funds.


I am Stu Smith and I have a passion for making music. Having pursued a non-musical career (I work in design), this has so far only been a hobby that I've explored in my own free time. However, over the years I have managed to build up a reasonable amount of knowledge, software, equipment and experience which has got me to a point where I can produce decent quality music in my own DIY home studio. I've started this blog to document my home studio journey as well as write articles, reviews and tutorials to help other people along their theirs.
So, what's on the site?
I am writing semi-regular DIY Music blog posts, documenting my home studio journey, as well as more general articles about home studio and DIY music stuff, including lists and reviews. I'll also be writing guides and tutorials for various things including studio gear and software, mainly using FL Studio. Some of these will include video. Check the articles page for the latest posts.
Use the menus and links on the page to find your way around and please don't hesitate to get in touch if you have any questions or issues with the site.
I am adding content regularly, so please subscribe to the mailing list for blog updates in your inbox but also 'like' my Facebook page, join the DIY Music group and follow my Twitter account to interact with me and keep up to date with the latest stuff.
Thank you for visiting. I hope you enjoy DIY Music.


text:
Freedom Centers Defending Freedom Ukraine's Opening ...
Ukraine's Opening
By Dr. Miklos K. Radvanyi • Frontiers of Freedom
There are uncountable narratives when it comes to the actual and perceived domestic as well as international predicaments of the newly independent state of Ukraine. As a rule, known facts are mixed with unsubstantiated rumors, which, in turn, give birth to fantastic conjectures, ungrounded intuitions, and outright lies in the service of partisan political interests. In reality, the Ukraine question is extremely complex. Yet in the United State of America, both politicians and the media present this complexity to the public from a one sided, exclusively distorted American perspective.
Meanwhile, successive and mostly short-lived Ukrainian governments have tumbled from ever escalating crises to misguided revolutions and repeated implosions in predictable intervals. First the two high ranking former communists dubbed the "Red Barons", former President Leonid Kravchuk and former President Leonid Kuchma, made half-hearted attempts at the privatization of the state owned economy. Called the "voucher privatization" and originally aimed at distributing state assets judiciously among all Ukrainians, this privatization scheme resulted in the creation of the Ukrainian oligarchy. This development, in turn, deepened the already pervasive corruption that was the essence of the Soviet Union.
Then, following a badly botched presidential election, came the "Orange Revolution" that brought forth the allegedly enlightened and pro-Western Victor Yushchenko. Paralyzed by his petty and incessant bickering with Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko, he lost badly to his main rival, the pro-Russian Viktor Yanukovych. The latter was chased from office before his term expired by what was termed by the Kremlin as a coup d'etat but was viewed by the West as a popular revolution against Yanukovych's vacillation to sign an association agreement with the European Union in Vilnius on November 28, 2013.
Almost immediately after the foiled signing of the association agreement, protests against President Yanukovych commenced. What later was elevated to the mythical heights of the "Revolution of Dignity" forced President Yanukovych to flee Ukraine. In the subsequent presidential election of May 2014, Ukrainians elected with overwhelming majority one of their country's oligarchs, the "Chocolate King" Petro Poroshenko. In the interim, Russia invaded and then annexed the Crimea. To add insult to injury, Russia also has triggered an armed uprising in eastern Ukraine that has a significant concentration of ethnic Russians.
True to the past of the sovereign state of Ukraine, President Poroshenko did fail in an abysmal fashion, too. In the second round of the presidential election, on April 21, 2019, 73% of the Ukrainian voters chose a non-politician by the name of Volodymyr Zelensky as their new president. Clearly, the vast majority of Ukrainians decided to close the book on almost three decades of arrogant incompetence and shameless corruption by their politicians and oligarch allies. Finally, they expressed their desire to live and raise their children in a normally functioning, peaceful, and transparent state, politically as well as economically.
Although the lion's share of the blame must be assigned to the Ukrainians themselves, American policy toward the independent sate of Ukraine was burdened by glaring incompetence, unrealistic illusions, erratic oscillations between Russia and Ukraine, and outright idiocy. Instead of assisting the newly independent Ukraine to establish the political and economic foundations of a unified state by harmonizing the old and new forces, the late President George H. W. Bush and President Bill Clinton paid little if any attention to the troubled country. The formers son and his successor President Barrack Obama's, attempts at interference in Ukraine's domestic affairs generally only made the situation worse. Especially, the Obama administration's role in the early and violent removal of President Yanukovych proved to be a double edged sword. On the one hand, President Poroshenko was unable to accomplish the objectives of the Maidan revolution. On the other hand, it triggered Russia's direct intervention in the Ukrainian mess. Moreover, Vice President Joe Biden's private diplomacy to help his son Hunter Biden enrich himself and the family gave license to President Poroshenko and the oligarchs to continue unabated their corrupt and destructive activities within and outside Ukraine.
As a result, President Volodymyr Zelensky has inherited a situation in which the oligarchic system was discredited and the democratic values of the United State of America have become objects of ubiquitous scorn. Presently, Ukrainian society is completely traumatized and gripped by an existential fear of enormous proportions.
What can and needs to be done? One does not have to look further for a possible solution that to the almost identical history of the Republic of Finland and its troubled relations with imperial Russia, the Soviet Union and today's Russian Federation. For centuries, Finland had managed to balance its relationship with Russia and its loyalty to the rest of Europe. From the Grand Duchy of Finland within the Russian Empire to the wars against the Soviet Union in 1939 and in 1944, which resulted in Finnish territorial losses, the country survived the Cold War's Finlandization period. Presently as a full member of the European Union and a close cooperating state with NATO, Finland follows highly pragmatic policies vis-a-vis the Russian Federation. In a recent interview with Bloomberg: Business News, Finnish President Sauli Niinisto described his country's attitude toward its powerful neighbor thus: "A Cossack takes everything that is loose. You have to be very clear and not let things become loose."
President Zelensky would be well advised to follow this old Finnish wisdom. He will have to show firmness and resolve with Russia. Furthermore, he must be practical. He must know Ukraine's strengths and limitations. Becoming a member of the European Union is clearly attainable. Full membership in NATO presently is not. However, being prepared for future Russian aggressions is within the capabilities of Ukraine. To achieve these goals, the Zelensky administration will have to move ever closer to the West by relentlessly promoting Western values inside Ukraine and simultaneously maintaining normal relations with Moscow.
Peace, stability, and prosperity have always been the Sisyphean endeavors of mankind. No doubt, President Zelensky will have to show real leadership. Otherwise, he and Ukraine will end up on the dust heaps of history.
Posted in Defending Freedom, Economic Freedom |
Tags: Foreign Policy, Ukraine


text:
Akbarnia, Behrooz A. (4)
Ames, Christopher P. (4)
Arnold, Paul M. (4)
Baaj, Ali A. (4)
Benzel, Edward C. (4)
Bisson, Erica Fay (4)
Burton, Douglas C. (4)
Chou, Dean (4)
Dahdaleh, Nader S. (4)
Dailey, Andrew T. (4)
Deviren, Vedat (4)
Foley, Kevin T. (4)
Hart, Robert (4)
Hartl, Roger (4)
Kebaish, Khaled (4)
Kim, Han Jo (4)
Klineberg, Eric (4)
Koski, Tyler R. (4)
Lubelski, Daniel (4)
Mazur, Marcus D. (4)
Mummaneni, Praveen V. (4)
Park, Paul (4)
Rhines, Laurence D. (4)
Schwab, Frank (4)
Sciubba, Daniel M. (4)
Shaffrey, Christopher I. (4)
Smith, Justin S. (4)
Steinmetz, Michael P. (4)
Tetreault, Lindsay (4)
Uribe, Juan S. (4)
Vaccaro, Alexander R. (4)
Zhou, Qiang (4)
Alvarado, Manuel (3)
Bilsky, Mark H. (3)
Boachie-Adjei, Oheneba (3)
Bolger, Ciaran (3)
Bucklen, Brandon (3)
Dekutoski, Mark B. (3)
Fisher, Charles (3)
Glassman, Steven D. (3)
Godil, Saniya S. (3)
Gottfried, Oren N. (3)
Grunert, Peter (3)
By Author: Hostin, Richard A. x
By Author: Lau, Darryl x
By Author: Theodore, Nicholas x
Abstracts of the 2017 AANS/CNS Joint Section on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves Las Vegas, Nevada • March 8–11, 2017
In Neurosurgical Focus Volume 42 (2017): Issue 3 (Mar 2017): Peripheral Nerve
Abstracts of the 2015 Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Section on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves Phoenix, Arizona • March 4–7, 2015
In Neurosurgical Focus Volume 38 (2015): Issue 3 (Mar 2015): Neurooncology: Update on Therapeutic Options
Abstracts of the 2014 Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Section on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves Orlando, Florida • March 5–8, 2014
In Neurosurgical Focus Volume 36 (2014): Issue 3 (Mar 2014): Intraoperative Spinal Imaging and Navigation
Abstracts of the 2013 Annual Meeting of the AANS/CNS Section on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves
Phoenix, Arizona • March 6–9, 2013
In Neurosurgical Focus Volume 34 (2013): Issue 3 (Mar 2013): Cranial Nerve Surgery


text:
Q: What alternative to reflect.StructOf exists, prior to its addition to in 633ab74? I have some code that makes use of reflect.StructOf, which will presumably land in go1.7. Little did I know, that this wasn't available until only about 2 weeks ago, and only in current master. How does one create custom structs at runtime prior to this method being added?

A: There was no way to create a new struct type at runtime prior to the addition of reflect.StructOf.


From the 11th of November Stephanie Sadler will hold her first solo exhibition in Chelsea. She takes very interesting and striking pictures of street art, people and every city she visits. Stephanie knows many of the street artists personally and has interviewed them for her blog. But she is also very good at capturing things around us, things most people pass by without paying any attention.
Check out this video where she explains more about her upcoming exhibition.
This is an opportunity to become part of her dream and her exhibition. Through kick starter you can fund from as little as £1 and depending on the amount of your donation you will obtain and an invitation for the opening night party amongst other freebies.
If you want to find out more about her work, visit her new blog and the famous Little London Observationist which she has been writing for four years now. There is also an Etsy shop and Facebook site.
If you think young talent is worth some contribution don't think twice and make yours HERE. The Hunter is also a backer.


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The Supreme Court dictates that shares should not be taxed on Inheritance Tax, holdings and properties for "household trousseau", which will have a relevant impact on family businesses and assets.
Successions of family businesses and large estates will now have substantial tax relief. The Supreme Court has just issued two important judgments that establish jurisprudence, in order to modify the valuation of the shares for the benefit of the heirs, participations, real estate and treasury in inheritances. Until now, the inheritance tax law valued as "household trousseau" he 3% of the total value of inheritances, including stocks, Shares and movable and real estate assets mentioned, that were taxed on the amount involved 3%. As well, The Supreme Court now stipulates these judgments that these assets must be excluded from the 3%, which will have a very relevant impact on numerous family businesses and large estates, that significant amounts will be saved when taxing the inheritance. Besides, the sentence itself opens the possibility for taxpayers to request the refund of the amounts paid (improperly) for the past four years. Thus, as an example, in a family business valued at 1.000 million can be obtained from now a saving of some 10 million euros in succession.
In the inheritance tax, in addition to calculating the market value of goods and rights less debt, you have to add the 3% as a household trousseau, which generally refers to goods for habitual domestic use. In the case of the family business, with a bonus based on 95%, the taxation of the 3% household trousseau.
The Supreme Court clarifies what happens when there are other assets such as securities, Actions, real estate or treasury, since the tax law does not distinguish it, and you had to calculate the 3% especially, the criteria applied by the Tax Agency and interpreted so far by the Supreme Court itself and which produced very high taxes.
Commercial society
One of the judgments affects the succession of a family construction company in Madrid in which the 99,97% the value of the inheritance is made up of shares of a commercial company. The appellants asked that it be said how to calculate the aforementioned trousseau. The interpretation offered by the Supreme seeks to integrate it with the Civil Code and the Law on Wealth Tax and reintegrates it in Successions. It is a harmonized interpretation, in which the lien of the 3% it only affects goods for private use, and the novelty is that income-producing assets are excluded, money, titles and securities, among which stocks and shares stand out. "We consider that household trousseau only comprises a certain class of goods and not a percentage of all those that make up the inheritance. We cannot share the expansive concept", points out the Supreme. Specific, in a company of 250 millions, the trousseau was valued at 7 millions, to pay for 3, lien that the Supreme now removes. In this case, in which "he 99,97% the value of the inheritance is made up of shares of a commercial company and, thus, affect the development of an economic activity, which is also real estate", the Supreme interprets that "it does not seem that the will of the law is to include such goods among those that make up the household trousseau", what could have "a possible double-counting effect of the same assets for the quantification of the tax base".
The second sentence concerns the succession of an estate with several properties in a rural municipality in Asturias valued at 1,5 millions.
The two sentences contain a particular vote of three partially dissenting magistrates. On one side, They go even further than the sentence itself and raise the unconstitutionality of the concept of trousseau. But at the same time they raise doubts about whether the actions and participations should be counted in the trousseau concept.. In the judgment of the magistrates, "as the sentence says, the actions and social participations cannot integrate, not even analogically, the concept of household trousseau, what has no discussion possible, but it is also true that said shares and participations are part of the relict wealth, like the household trousseau and like the rest of goods and rights that make up the heritage".
THE HIT TO THE SAVING THAT APPROACHES
These pronouncements of the Supreme favorable to alleviate the taxation in Successions and patrimonies take place when the Government of Pedro Sánchez prepares a cataract of tax increases to which it calls "great fortunes". Plans to raise the Wealth Tax a 1% for assets from 10 million and a four point rise in maximum savings returns, of the 23% al 27%. To which is added a rise of two and four points from the maximum marginal income tax and a rise in companies with a tax of 5% of dividends and the imposition of a minimum rate of 15%. These are the figures that he agreed with Podemos to increase and to which he refers when the purple party requires him to create a tax on great fortunes, which at the moment he refuses. Added to this is an upward harmonization of Successions and Heritage in the reform of regional financing.
Likewise, takes a radical turn in the taxation of life insurance 'unit linked' and stipulates that they are subject to equity. This is established in the preliminary draft law to combat tax fraud that was approved by the Council of Ministers and which declined in Congress in 2019 with the legislature and which now retakes. This is the opposite of what the Treasury established with Cristóbal Montoro, since it set in 2017 that these insurances were exempt.
Source: Expansion.- 27/05/20.
Published in: NEWS, LEGAL ADVICE, BlogLabels: Fiscal advice, Legal advice, News


2017 was an immensely successful year for the completely new Chrysler Pacifica, as it won awards and accolades for its great versatility, comfort and safety features and driving dynamics. Quite a stunning achievement for a brand-new model on the market. The same applies to the ground-breaking Pacifica Hybrid, which introduced family-oriented motorists to the convenient and money-saving universe of electrical powertrains - racked up impressive sales numbers in the process!
Chrysler has introduced a new base trim level (L) that slides in below last's entry-level model (LX); while still generously equipped, the new L trim is priced some $2,000 less than last year's most affordable Pacifica. Chrysler's premier minivan becomes even more accessible to families in Langley and on the Lower Mainland - and comes in notably lower in price than the entry models of the Toyota Sienna and the Honda Odyssey.
The 2018 model of the Pacifica sees its touchscreen display grow from 5 inches to 7 inches, in the base model. Still available as an option is an even bigger 8,4-inch screen, which now incorporates the updated Uconnect system with, for the first time, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto compatibility, as well as available WiFi connectivity.
The Touring Plus version has received new wheel designs as well as body-coloured exterior mirrors so that it cuts an even more striking figure on the road. Last year's Premium and Platinum trims, by the way, have been renamed Touring L and Limited, respectively; as well, the hybrid version now includes a Touring Plus trim. The Touring L receives chrome roof-rack rails, and is available in two new colours (Copper Pearl Coat and Ocean Blue Metallic); it also adds a power-adjustable passenger seat, perforated leather seats, an upgraded overhead console, an auto-dimming rearview mirror and a 13-speaker, 506-watt Alpine audio system accessible via that bigger screen we mentioned. Like the idea of a universal garage-door opener? The Touring L (and Hybrid Touring L) have that too!
The 2017 edition, when chosen with the SafetyTec package, was already packed with quite a roster of advanced safety and drive-assist systems (blind-spot monitoring, rear cross-traffic alert, and rear parking sensors with rear automated emergency braking, etc.). In the 2018 Chrysler Pacifica, these are now available as standard equipment. Some others, like front automated emergency braking, adaptive cruise control, automatic high-beams, and lane-keeping assist, are still optional add-ons.
Feel free to contact us at Willowbrook Chrysler in Langley for more details about the new and improved 2018 Chrysler Pacifica and Pacifica Hybrid!


This document has two purposes: first, it aims to outline a broad view of the state of mobile browsing and its unique constraints and restrictions, and second, it details the things you should be aware of when designing web pages with Opera Mini in mind.
Mobile browsing is generally very resource-limited. There are three broad approaches on how to deal with Web content in such environments. Each one has its tradeoffs and advantages, and the potential for supporting Web standards (and working with websites not designed for mobile use) is greater in some cases than in others.
First, there are browsers that run the same engine as desktop browsers, such as Opera Mobile and Safari on the iPhone. Since the same engine is used, websites are supported as well as they are on desktop browsers. Most devices do not have enough CPU power or memory to run these browsers and so they tend to only be found on high-end phones.
Second, there are browsers designed specifically for mobile: these generally have limited support for Web standards. Some of these only support WAP browsing (such as the OpenWave browser), some support other standards like cHTML or XHTML MP (such as the Japanese NTT DoCoMo iMode browsers), and some support a limited subset of general Web standards (such as Netfront, Pocket IE, and Blazer).
Third, there are browsers that use a proxy system to deliver content to the phone. In this setup, there is a client on the device that connects to a proprietary server, which then connects to the wider web for page requests, does some server-side processing and sends content back the client. Opera Mini falls into this category: when the user navigates to a new page, the server fetches the page and transforms it into a lightweight compressed binary markup language called OBML. This decreases bandwidth usage by up to 90% and saves CPU usage on mobile devices, and as such makes browsing on resource-restricted devices much more viable. It also has speed benefits, since the majority of data transfer occurs between the Mini servers and website servers, both of which are on high-speed connections.
When developing for the mobile platform, you can choose to either build a single site designed to work well in all browsers with various browser– and device–specific tweaks, or you can build two entirely separate sites, one optimised for desktop browsers and the other for mobile browsers.
Opera strongly recommends building one site for all devices. We believe in one Web that works across platforms and devices, and this is why we work hard to create browsers that support Web standards as well as possible and use the same rendering engine for all of our products. Developing one site has the advantage of reducing development, QA, and maintenance time, and with the growth of standards-supporting browsers, it is an achievable goal.
That said, developing a separate site can sometimes make sense. If you already have a site that is designed to be highly interactive and you now want it accessible on mobile devices, it may be easier to develop a cut-down version than to retrofit the changes to the existing design. The decision should ultimately be made by weighing up the possibility of an improved user experience against the extra cost and maintenance of a separate site.
If you do create a separate site, be aware that serving different content based on the browser is not foolproof. Make sure you include links from the mobile version of the site to the full version, so that if you misidentify the browser or if the user is using a mobile browser that can handle the full site, the user is not blocked from your content.
Limited control. Most mobile devices don't have pointing devices like a computer mouse. Most don't have a traditional keyboard either, and text input might take a lot of effort. To help mitigate these problems, you should make as many options selectable from drop-down lists or radio buttons as possible, and consider prefilling fields with likely choices.
Reduced screen size: Devices have wildly varying resolutions. 480x320 would be a large screen for a mobile device, and many have screens as small as or smaller than 240x320. As a result, complicated layouts that require large resolutions should be avoided on mobile devices, since they will only make the user have to scroll. This can be done by keeping a design deliberately simple, sending different pages to mobile devices, or using CSS media queries to change layouts dynamically.
Limited memory and bandwidth: Mobile devices will obviously have less memory available than desktop computers, so you need to think carefully about the length of your pages and how many images you use on them. Some mobile browsers have the option of turning images off, so you should make sure that your images have text alternatives available.
Opera Mini is built on the same core rendering engine as Opera Desktop, and so it has excellent support for Web standards, including HTML, CSS, XSLT, XPath, and SVG. However, there are some differences.
Mini supports borders and backgrounds, including asymmetric styles and sizes. Dotted and dashed borders are however rendered as solid for bandwidth and memory reasons. Tables are supported, but bear in mind that even three-column tables might force the user to scroll horizontally in order to see all the data. Using tables for layout should be avoided at all costs.
This would result in the text being displayed at the top of the box rather than in the middle. While Mini supports frames, we strongly recommend you do not use them; there are better ways to achieve the same effect. Mini also supports iframes, though with some limitations. Unlike on desktop browsers, Mini has only one scrollable area - the <body> element — and iframes will have their contents cut off if they are not large enough to display them. Other elements that use the CSS to create scrollable sections within the page — for example overflow-y — will also be cut off in the same way.
Desktop rendering renders pages in much the same way as a desktop browser, with the exception that it will try to force columns of text to not exceed the width of the screen, to reduce the need for horizontal scrolling.
If the web page is wider than the device screen, a virtual mouse pointer is shown that the user can use to scroll around. If the page's width is greater than twice the width of the device's screen, then overview mode is triggered, which shows a zoomed-out view of the page that fits the screen horizontally and scrolls vertically. The user can then choose an area to zoom in and read at full size.
In mobile view, Opera reformats pages so that they fit into a single column. This keeps the elements of the original page design (such as colours and images) but linearises their display in an attempt to eliminate horizontal scrolling.
Opera Mini supports all the image formats supported by its desktop cousin, including PNG, JPEG, GIF, SVG, BMP, ICO, TGA, and WBMP. However, the Mini servers recompress images at a lower quality setting to save bandwidth, as well as sometimes resizing them so that they fit better on the user's screen. The user can change this behaviour and opt to have higher-quality images if they want, but this is not the default.
Because of this compression, and for accessibility reasons, we strongly recommend that you do not use images to display text. If you must do so (e.g. because you are using image replacement for a header font), then include the image using CSS and optimise the image's size and clarity for Mini's low quality mode. You can also use different stylesheets for screen and handheld browsers and include the image only on the former, though this only works in Mobile view. Regardless, always make sure the original text is available for screen readers to access, whether with alt text or replaced content.
Animation of any kind (including animated GIFs, animated SVG, or the <blink> or <marquee> elements) is not supported in Opera Mini because the server pre-renders the page and merely sends the client a snapshot of it.
If Mini encounters a link to an RTSP stream, then it is handed to the media player on the client device to deal with. This does not take place over the Mini proxy but via a direct connection, and so may not be possible on some devices.
Mini uses the fonts present on the device it runs on, and the native font on most devices is a sans-serif one. Most devices will only have a few font sizes, so Mini tries to match what web pages request with what is available on the device. This is not always possible, and so designs that expect pixel-perfect layout will probably not work. Designs should be flexible enough to handle font sizes other than what they expect.
When it comes to font families, Opera Mini will only use one family of font per page, and setting font-family will have no effect, except in the case of monospace fonts where it will simulate monospace. Mini also includes a small bitmap font that covers the ISO-8859-1 character range and is often the preferred choice on devices with low resolution and large system fonts.
Mini supports bold fonts, and the text-decoration property values underline, overline, and strike, but not italic. It also supports the <sub> and <sup> elements.
Downloads are either launched in the native device browser, or performed from within Mini itself, depending on the functionality of the Java environment on the device. Regardless of which application on the device actually opens the download, it will be proxied through the same Mini transcoder server that the Mini client is connected to. This allows downloads that require state — such as cookies — to be successful.
If such feeds are present, a webpage will display an RSS icon in the top left hand corner of the Mini display.
The load and unload events are triggered the same as they are in desktop browsers. All elements with mousedown, mouseup or click event listeners, as well as hyperlinks, will be turned into selectable areas on the Mini client. When clicked by the user, those elements will receive the mouseover, mousedown, mouseup and click events, in that order, as you would expect on a desktop browser. Note that Mini does not send the mouseout event and that mouseover is only triggered if a click happens.
To reduce the number of server roundtrips, the Mini client only sends filled-in form data to the server when the submit button is clicked, or when an <input> element has a change event listener. This means that form-related events are all fired at once when the form is submitted or when a change event is triggered. In that case Mini will go over all the visible input controls on the page and fire the appropriate focus, click and change events on them, in that order. The change event immediately causes a roundtrip so that for example, data validation can happen straight away, rather than waiting until the form is submitted.
On forms that have one only visible text input control, Mini will submit the form to the server as soon as the contents of that control are changed by the user. Mini doesn't support any mouse or keypress events not mentioned above, nor resize or scroll events: this is to save bandwidth and prevent constant server roundtrips.
Opera Mini does not support popup windows. If you use window.open(), you will find that the opened window replaces the previously open window. In addition, calls to window.close() will be ignored — the user will have to use the 'back' button manually.
As a result of scripts being kept paused on the server while there is no user interaction, "Ajax" techniques may not work as expected. Code registered with setTimeout() and setInterval() may be run before the page is sent, but it is unlikely that it will be called more than once because of script pausing. XMLHttpRequest is supported just as it is on desktop browsers, but triggering such requests from timeouts and intervals will not cause dynamic page updates, since that code will not be run in the background.
Setting operamini.page.maxAge will change the maximum amount of time a page is kept in Mini's cache on the client side, measured in minutes. Setting it to 0 will mean that a page is never cached. Values above 65535 will be cut down to 65535 (around 45 days).
Setting operamini.page.samePage to true will tell the server that the page should not be zoomed out when the page is loaded, but should remain zoomed in at the location it was on the previous page. It is intended to be used in situations where you navigate to a new page but want to keep the same focus area.
You can detect whether you can send SMS messages before trying to by switching your code based on the value of operamini.features.sms.
Phone manufacturers and mobile carriers often customise browser user-agent strings, sometimes on a site-specific basis, so testing the user agent string is discouraged. Instead, you should detect individual features present on the device you are sending to. This approach is more flexible and future-proof, and means that if the Opera Mini servers are upgraded (which may lead to an adjusted UA string), then you can continue to support Opera Mini with no extra effort on your part.
If you absolutely need to serve content based on the user-agent string, then you should test based on the presence of the substring Opera Mini.
The feature strings available can be seen in X-OperaMini-Features.
The format of the string provided in either case is [manufacturer # model], so for example Nokia # E75-1 or SonyEricsson # K750i. If neither can be determined, the value of that field will be unknown.
This means that a proxy (the Mini proxy) forwarded the request for proxy2, which forwarded it for proxy1, which forwarded it for client. client is the most reliable source of information about the origin of the request, and is suitable for geolocation.
Opera Mini, along with most other browsers, sends the Accept-Language HTTP header with its page requests. Accept-Language specifies what language(s) the browser would prefer the HTTP response to be in using standard ISO-639 language tags in a comma-delimited list. Each language is given a "quality" value that indicates the user's ability in that language. The quality can range from 0 to 1, with 1 being most preferable and 0 least.
In practice, the contents of this header will be determined by the current language of the device making the request (this is the case on both desktop and mobile browsers). If you have content in multiple languages, you should also provide an in-page way to switch between them because Accept-Language strings are not always accurate. Other circumstances may also arise, for example you may have a native German speaker using someone else's phone, the language of which is set to Afrikaans, or another language.
The example given below means "I'd prefer to be sent old Norwegian (bokmal) or new Norwegian, but I am also pretty good at English; I'll try French if you've not got the other languages available, but I'm not very good at that." In practice, Accept-Language strings are usually much simpler and generally only contain one or two language tags.
Opera Mini uses the screen media type by default, since that it closest to its capabilities. The handheld type will only be used if the user has explicitly switched to mobile view, in which case regular small screen rendering will be overridden by the handheld stylesheet.
In this example, we have a basic two-column layout with a navigation column and a content column, and images have a 10px margin. When the browser's viewport is less than or equal to 480px, we stop it being two-column and instead collapse it so that the content and navigation sections follow each other in a single column. We also center images rather than allowing text to flow around them. Then, at viewport widths less than or equal to 240px, we stop displaying all images marked with a class of "decorative".
With this approach, desktop users will get the full experience, more advanced mobile browsers will parse the media queries and resize content according to device sizing, and less advanced mobile browsers that do not understand media queries (Pocket IE, Netfront, OpenWave, and early versions of Opera Mini) can receive a stripped-down design.
In this section we will look at the features available for debugging on Opera Mini.
There are a number of useful tools available for debugging sites running on Opera Mini.
Opera Mini wraps a website's text and shrinks images to fit each device's screen. Of course, this means the website's look will depend on the device's screen size, which calls for authors to test their sites with more than one device, or better, a resizable emulator.
A good choice for trying websites with Opera Mini is the MicroEmulator. Inside the downloadable package, there is a "devices" subdirectory containing a resizable skin. To use it, start the emulator, select options > select device > add, and open the file microemu-device-resizable.jar before loading the Opera Mini MIDlet (the easiest way to get this is from the Opera Mini mobile page — go here, and select "Other download options" for a list of different MIDlets). If you get stuck, there is a useful guide available: Using Microemulator to Run Opera Mini.
It is also recommended to test the website with different font sizes (which can be changed in Opera Mini's settings page). Be aware that font size on physical devices may differ from the emulator, since the actual font size depends on the underlying platform.
Since the Opera Mini servers use the same rendering engine as Opera Desktop, a lot of what is going on can be inspected simply by opening a website in Opera Desktop and starting the Opera Dragonfly developer tool (Tools > Advanced > Developer Tools).
It is possible to get a dump of the current page source by entering server:source into Opera Mini's address bar. This shows the current DOM tree from the Opera Mini server. Since reading the source from a cell phone display or even an enlarged microemulator isn't very pleasant, there is an even better way of obtaining a page's source code — posting it to a webserver by entering server:source?post=http://your.server.com/script into Opera Mini's address bar, where the script file that is passed the post data will handle the request, e.g. by storing the source in a database, or saving it to a text file. The posted data includes the fields url, host and html.
One of the more common layout issues that occurs on Mini is when we want certain content not to be wrapped, for example horizontal menu bars. This is quite easy to solve: Opera Mini won't wrap lines between floated items as long as they fit in their container's width. Non-breaking spaces are honored as well in case normal text isn't wrapped.
Another common issue is that many websites depend on a minimum window width to look good. If a site layout looks too narrow in Opera Mini, the problem usually also affects desktop browsers with a small window width. Giving the body a minimum width (min-width) is thus often the solution for both Opera Mini and desktop browsers running on lower resolution displays.
Published on 11 February 2011 in Articles. Edit this article on GitHub. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license.


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Home research themes managing-catchments-and-coasts ecosystem-services eu-water-framework-directive
This page is no longer updated. The information presented here formed part of our previous areas of research. This has included research carried out on behalf of our research partners, commerical contracts and also the Scottish Goverment's Strategic research programme during the period 2011 - 2016.
We have left these pages here to provide background information on our previous areas of research. Further details on the RESAS strategic programme of research (2016-21) will be made available.
Further details on why we archive pages can be found on the following page.
The Water Framework Directive (WFD) aims to deliver good ecological status (GES) for Europe's waters. It includes economic principles, such as the use of cost-effectiveness analysis of measures to achieve GES and of derogation on grounds of disproportionate costs of mitigation. The James Hutton Institute has developed a national framework for applying the cost proportionality principle to diffuse pollution mitigation in Scottish lochs.
Figure 1: National- scale disproportionality analysis of mitigation in Scottish Lochs. Vinten et al. (2012).
To find out more about this work contact Dr Andy Vinten.
We are also working on identifying the wider benefits that water quality measures provide. A stakeholder consultation process was carried out in the area of the Loch of Skene to identify the potential wider benefits beyond the water environment resulting from improving water quality. Download the summary leaflet below.
PDF file: Social and economic effects of improving water quality in the Loch of Skene and Leuchar burn (1.8 MB)
To find out more about this work contact Dr Julia Martin-Ortega.
This research was funded by the Scottish Government RESAS Strategic Research 2011-2016.
Andy Vinten
Printed from /research/themes/managing-catchments-and-coasts/ecosystem-services/eu-water-framework-directive on 21/01/20 11:44:33 PM


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Q: which are positive definite matrix Given that $A,B$ are positive definite matrix, are they also PD?

*

*$A+B$

*$AB$

*$A^2 +I$

*$ABA^{*}$
$x^TAx>0, x^TBx>0$ so $1$, is correct, could you tell me about the 2, 3,4?

A: Mex
in 4. we can argue as follows:
$\langle x, ABA^* x\rangle = \langle A^*x, BA^* x\rangle =
\langle B^*A^*x, A^* x\rangle = \langle B Ax, A x\rangle
= \langle B y,  y\rangle >0 $,
where $y=Ax$ and in the two last equalities we use that positive matrix are self-adjoint and since they do not have $0$
as eigenvalue then $Ay\neq 0$.
for 3. the argument is similar.


When bullying occurs in the workplace it can be humiliating, intimidating, and demeaning to the person being bullied. Employees of minority groups, including women, make for easy targets.
Our tendency to otherwise surround ourselves with like-minded individuals means that workplaces are often the most diverse environments in our lives. We do not choose who we work with and are required to develop relationships with people who we might otherwise not interact with.
Propositions, condescending behaviour, lack of recognition, and sexist comments are just a few of the ways that men marginalize women in the workplace. Male colleagues and superiors are guilty of these behaviours, either consciously or subconsciously.
Feeling rejected or marginalized at work can be a painful and difficult experience. Although you may feel defeated in the moment, being marginalized can be an opportunity for learning and self-growth.
With the #metoo movement, many people are uncertain of what constitutes acceptable and unacceptable behaviour. Everyone is on high alert and there's never been a better time to learn the parameters of acceptable workplace behaviour.


The Santana boot is a long leg version of the Sylvie this has been introduced in Taupe and Black two of the strongest winter colours we have in our collection. The jewel encrusted heel is a main fixture and brings the right amount of glam to the boot with a full suede front, business at the front and party in the back, wear these boots for any occasion and even for work.
You can wear a mixture of colours with these boots the Taupe go for a dark denim jean with a smart blouse or you can opt for a Grey or Caramel Brown/Tan. The Black goes with a mixture as this is a staple to any wardrobe try White, Purple or Burgundy.


One of the greatest rewards of running this site is when other people feel it has helped them with their shedlike projects. Tammy, John, Sam, Will, and Dobbs have built a really lovely shedlike atmosphere on Gambier Island, British Columbia which they explain in, very readable, detail over at the marvellous Apartment Therapy. The footprint is titchy (10 by 12 feet with a sleeping loft adding another 6 by 12) and I'm proud to add they say Shedworking was partly their inspiration for the project. If you're at all interested in tiny house living or indeed simply building your own garden office, this is an absolute must-read. And you can see lots of photos of the build at their Flickr site.
Thanks for the mention -- and for the ongoing inspiration! We're planning an even smaller shed (think 6' by 6') to serve as a clubhouse/bunkie for the boys when they're a bit older, so we'll definitely keep coming to Shedworking for ideas.


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Advice on, and support for, transactions.
Our advice covers the entire transaction process from planning and structuring through implementation. We carry out targeted due diligence, draft and negotiate the transaction documentation and assist during the post merger integration, focusing not only on the legal aspects, but also on the economic concerns of our clients.
MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORY BOARD OF TARGET COMPANIES.
We advise the management and advisory board of target companies on issues of compliance with regard to the due diligence and possible conflicts of interest, including those associated with both, management guarantees and management shares.
A special focus of our services lies on the comprehensive assistance of our clients in all matters in connection with alliances and joint ventures. from foundation through restructuring up to termination and liquidation.


'Health risks: May cause mild skin irritation, eye and respiratory irritation.
Eye contact: There may be irritation, and redness. The eyes may water profusely.
Ingestion: There may be soreness and redness of the mouth and throat. There may be stomach discomfort.


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Las Vegas Sands Fuels Casino Jitters
Las Vegas Sands narrows its loss in the fourth quarter, boosted by gaming in Macau.
(Las Vegas Sands article updated with stock price movement and analyst commentary.)
LAS VEGAS (
) --
(LVS) - Get Free Report
continues to sink a day after releasing a fourth-quarter report that failed to relieve investors' jitters.
During the quarter, Sands lost $113.9 million, or 17 cents a share, compared with a loss of $136.5 million, or 27 cents, in the year-ago period. The company now completes two full years of losses.
On an adjusted basis, Sands earned 3 cents a share, a penny more than analysts' estimates for the casino owner. Las Vegas Sands' revenue increased about 17% to $1.28 billion from $1.09 billion last year.
Shares of Las Vegas Sands are tumbling 9% to $15.90 Thursday afternoon.
Las Vegas revenue for Las Vegas Sands fell 19% to $264 million, as room and food and beverage revenues remain weak.
Still, gambling volumes for Las Vegas Sands have "stabilized and the execution of our cost savings programs has positioned us to deliver improved operating margins and cash flows as the economy and our group business recover," Las Vegas Sands CEO Sheldon Adelson said in a statement.
Adelson predicts Sands will start to see a recovery in the group business in Las Vegas, as recent booking trends reflect increases compared to 2009.
Las Vegas Sands said its results were boosted by its Macau operations, which offset weakness on the Las Vegas strip. At the Venetian Macau, revenue jumped 21% to $570 million, while Sands Macau posted a 15% increase in revenue to $284.9 million.
By the fourth-quarter of 2010 Sterne Agee analyst David Bain expects only 16% of revenue and 15% of earnings will come from its Las Vegas operations. The remainder will be garnered from Macau, Singapore and Pennsylvania.
Even as Sands failed to impress investors, J.P. Morgan analyst Joseph Greff reaffirmed his overweight rating and $23 price target on the stock.
"There were a lot of moving (and confusing) parts in the quarter, with plenty of bones for investors to pick at," he wrote. "However, net-net, we think Macau EBTDAR going forward has more upside than downside risk; and with low expectations for Singapore, we believe the risk-reward is favorable."
MGM also released rather disappointing fourth-quarter results. While the casino narrowed its loss during the quarter, it failed to meet analysts' forecast.
Revenue also dropped 11% to $1.45 billion from $1.62 billion.
Shares of MGM are sinking 6.6% to $10.85.
>>Casinos Betting on Chinese New Year


Welcome to Spring ... it is lovely seeing the blossom trees, daffodils and baby lambs - signs that Spring is underway!
Welcome to the last month of Winter! We have had a lot of fun experiencing the different weather conditions that come with the Winter months ... lots of rain; cold, frosty mornings with beautiful sunny days and some windy days too!!
Wednesday 8th August - BNZ staff will be joining us as part of their 'Closed for Good' project with Penny the Penguin, a fun and interactive digital storybook designed to help children understand the difference between needs and wants.
Monday 13th August - We start building our Yellow Brick road from the Castle to the Pagoda to raise funds for Daffodil Day.


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Deserted Territorial Army Soldier turned-militant killed in ongoing encounter at Pulwama
Home » Kashmir » Deserted Territorial Army Soldier turned-militant killed in ongoing encounter at Pulwama
Srinagar, Oct 13: A deserted Territorial Army Soldier turned-militant has been killed in an ongoing encounter at Babagund village of south Kashmir's Pulwama district during pre dawn hours today.
Official sources told GNS said that a joint team of army, SOG and CRPF had laid an ambush following a tip off about the presence of some militants in the area.
"The militants entered the ambushed area, they were challenged after which a fierce gun battle took place between the forces and the militants in which one militant has been killed".
They said that two more militants are believed to be trapped in the area.
SSP Pulwama Chandan Kholi also confirmed that one militant has been killed in an ongoing encounter at Babagund area.
"The army's 55 RR party was going through the area in a Casper vehicle when it was fired upon by the militants," SSP said.
He said that soon after the attack the whole area was cordoned off along with the additional reinforcements of security forces.
In the mean time, the contact was established with the hiding militants resulting into the killing of one militant so far, he said, adding that the operation is underway.
The slain militant according to sources is that of the deserted army man Zahoor Ahmad Thoker.
Zahoor, a resident of Sirnoo village of Pulwama district, was reported absconding since July 5, 2017 by the army unit located in Gantmulla area of Baramulla.
He was in the Engineering wing of 173 Battalion of the Territorial Army.
Meanwhile, in wake of the operation, the authorities have snapped the internet services in the southern district. (GNS)


If you're tired of hearing college coaches and athletic directors stumbling over themselves to repeat the same tired, NCAA-issued lines about maintaining the "integrity" of college sports, you're in luck. Starting at 7 p.m., the college sports model will be put under a microscope, as Deadspin friend/contributor Andy Schwarz and Joe Nocera, a Bloomberg columnist who wrote the book on the NCAA's slimy history, debate former Maryland men's basketball player Len Elmore and Christine Brennan, a hack columnist for USA Today, on the matter of the NCAA's amateurism model. You can watch the debate via the below stream, provided by show-runner Intelligence Squared.
Elmore and Brennan will be on the pro-amateurism side, arguing that paying athletes would somehow sully the great tradition of college sports. Schwarz and Nocera will be taking up for athlete compensation and the refiguring of the NCAA. We'll be on-scene covering the debate, and will chat up the debaters with any questions that may not be covered during the hourlong show.
Full disclosure: As made obvious by our Death To The NCAA tag, this site obviously backs the anti-amateurism side. Enjoy the debate!


With increased automation and a shift towards cheaper labour through outsourcing, finding a job can be more difficult than ever before. As so many different platforms, tools, and sites exist which that claim to help connect job seekers with available positions, mobile apps have become an unlikely source of combining job demand with supply. Given that so many are available across the app stores, this article discusses the best ones that can be used to secure a fitting job.
As one of the most widely used professional networking sites, LinkedIn is often considered to be synonymous with jobs and job seeking. Although a professional network at heart, the platform is perfect for those who are looking for jobs related to their field. Through the app, users can get job recommendations based on their profile while the application process is made easy as it already holds a significant amount of professional information such as previous work history, education, interests, and qualifications. With the ability to search for jobs, see how many other people have applied for the same role, and if there are any known connections at that particular organization, users of LinkedIn Job Search can get a significant advantage in the job application process which makes it one of the most recommended tools to be used by job seekers.
Similar to LinkedIn, Glassdoor is a platform that offers a significant amount of job data to make the job searching experience easier. For example, users of the app are able discover new jobs as well as look deeper into the job market such as the average salary range for that role, the reviews that current and past employees have left on the company, and the typical interview process for the organization. With all of this information, candidates have a better chance at succeeding as they are able to adequately prepare instead of being surprised during the interview. One of the best aspects of the app is that based on what has been searched for in the past, the app recommends roles that best fit the interest of the user. With this, Glassdoor recommends tailored jobs so that users simply only have to apply as opposed to search for them as well.
One of the most common names in the job search market is Indeed for its significant offerings in terms of volume. As a platform with 16 million jobs, it is one of the most active platforms that are designed to connect job seekers with open positions. With a highly curated search feature, users are able to find the jobs that match their exact criteria. For example, users can find positions that are based on position title, company, city, distance, and even recommended jobs. Given that some many jobs are available, it can be difficult to keep track and apply to all of the ones of interest at once. For this reason, the app makes it easy to save the position which can then be applied to at a later time. As one of the most comprehensive job search platforms, Indeed is a highly recommended tool for those who looking to find a job.
Deviating from the other apps in this article which are designed to connect job seekers with positions at various companies, Upwork is a tool that is meant to help people utilize their skills to become their own boss whether it is for full-time employment or a hobby. Through the app, users can sell their services ranging from technical programming to artwork while those who are looking to utilizes these services can hire the freelancers on an hourly or contract basis. Perfect for those who are looking for employment options with fewer commitments, users of Upwork only answer to themselves and their client instead of having a boss. Furthermore, the working conditions are not as stringent as freelancers have the option of working when it is convenient for them. For this reason, Upwork is one of the best freelancing apps available for those who want to sell their skills on an on-demand basis.
One of the most important aspects of seeking a job is not just to apply to as many as possible, but also to form high-quality and tailored resumes to increase the chances of being selected for an interview. With so many different templates and advice available for creating a resume, the best tool that can be used as a reference is Resume Builder which contains many different variations of resumes depending on the position and industry. With tips and templates that are easy to fill out, the confusion associated with resume building is effectively eliminated so that the chances of an interview are as high as possible. Given the fact that the layout of the resume may be enough of an excuse to forgo a candidate, Resume Builder is one of the highest recommended apps for those who are seeking a job and are unsure about the correct structure of their resume.
As a highly intuitive app for applying to jobs, Job Search is designed for maximum efficiency. What differentiates Job Search from competing job apps beyond searching for related positions is that many of the jobs can be applied to with a single click given that the profile is filled out correctly. Once this is done, users can browse the jobs that they wish to apply for and then in a single click apply for the position. As one of the easiest ways to apply, Job Search is perfect for those who are looking for higher volume in terms of job applications.
Given that the employment market is becoming more difficult to navigate as a result increased automation, more saturated with job seekers, and outsourcing, the apps listed in this article are great tools to help find a job. Whether looking for available positions for a long-term career or freelancing skills independently, these apps are must-have tools for those who are seeking employment.


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Wherefore, Gore? Inconvenient Al Makes Party Wait
By Jason Horowitz • 03/25/08 11:51pm
Every one of Mr. Gore's current and former associates interviewed for this story pointed to what they said were very real reasons for him not to get involved.
His intervention on Mr. Obama's behalf, they say, would be seen by Clinton loyalists as a betrayal. If he acted but failed to settle things, he could cement his reputation as something of a jinx. (His endorsement of Howard Dean in 2004 was followed soon afterward by the implosion of that campaign.) And his presence in the race could overshadow the cause of Democratic reunification.
"He would think that any visible step he took to participate in the process would come with so much focus on him that it would cause a distraction," said one.
To the extent that Mr. Gore makes his decision on that basis, one question he'll have to weigh is whether he could possibly be more of a distraction from the party's desired goals—presumably, to produce a nominee who can win in November—than the ongoing tug of war over a few hundred party insiders.
The Clinton campaign, after all, is basing its case at this point on the notion that Mr. Obama can't win in a general election.
"They have been giving the electability and numbers argument," said Alaska-based superdelegate Blake Johnson, describing the pitches he has received from the Clinton campaign.
Mr. Obama, meanwhile, is practically begging for the proceedings to be brought to a close. "He was trying to persuade me that it would be good if we all came together right now," said Robert Rankin, an uncommitted superdelegate and California union veteran who supported John Edwards until he dropped out of the race. "To a degree, he has a point. But there are still 10 states left, and we need to hear from these people."
Another question Mr. Gore would have to weigh is whether his endorsement would matter.
"I have known Al Gore for a long time and I have great respect for him," said Pat Waak, the chair of the Colorado Democratic Party and an undecided superdelegate. "But I would say there are other considerations for me—each of us state party chairs have to figure out what is best for our own states."
"Al's done well since the election was stolen from him," said Bob Mulholland, an undecided superdelegate from California. "But no, it wouldn't be important to me. It might be important to other people."
It's all academic until Mr. Gore makes a move. And the party, for now, is still waiting for a sign.
"He enjoys the life he has, and he certainly doesn't have to convince anybody what he is passionate about," said Mr. Kessler. "But it's not as though he has completely walked away from the party. It's his party. I would look, at some point, if this thing looks like it is going to carry on till late August and to the convention, for Al Gore to step forward to sit down with the candidates and all interested parties to see if there was some way to work something out here."
Filed Under: Home, Politics, Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama, Hilary Clinton, Barack Obama, Al Gore
SEE ALSO: Nerds of Steel