text:
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}

The $^6{\rm Li}$  nucleus  is  not  considered  as  one  of  the  main
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN)  products,  because  it  is
believed to appear in very small percentages, being a weakly bound nucleus.
However, a measurement of the primordial abundance, using the $\rm{Li}$
absorption line in old halo stars, has revealed an enhancement
compared to standard BBN model predictions~\cite{MA06}.
This is known as the {\it second Lithium problem}, the {\it first} one
being the well known discrepancy between theory and experiment
for the $^7{\rm Li}$ primordial abundance.
A more recent analysis of the data, performed with more sophisticated
models of the stellar atmosphere, seems to reduce this
discrepancy~\cite{RC07,AP09,MS10,KL13}. However, the
{\it second Lithium problem} has pushed
towards exotic scenarios, as
possible SUSY modification of the BBN model~\cite{MK06}.
In order to exclude or accept these scenarios, it is necessary
to know with high accuracy
the cross sections
(expressed as astrophysical $S$-factor)
of those reactions that according to BBN contribute
to determine the $^6{\rm Li}$ abundance.
Two of these reactions are the most important: the
$^4{\rm He}(d,\gamma)^6{\rm Li}$ radiative capture,
which creates $^6{\rm Li}$, and the $^6{\rm Li}(p,\gamma)^7{\rm Be}$ radiative capture,
which contributes to destroy $^6{\rm Li}$. The first reaction has been recently
studied in a framework similar to the one proposed here
in Ref.~\cite{Gra2017}. The second reaction
was extensively studied
experimentally~\cite{ZS79,CT87,FC92,RP04,JH13}.
However, large uncertainties in the $S$-factor at the BBN energies
(50--400 keV) remain.
Furthermore, a recent work~\cite{JH13}
has pointed out the possible presence of a resonance
in the BBN energy window, with subsequent suppression at zero energy.
In order to confirm or reject such possibility,
the LUNA Collaboration has also performed
a new campaign of measurements in the Spring of 2018.

The extrapolation of the astrophysical $S$-factor at zero-energy
has been performed
within the R-matrix approach in Refs.~\cite{SI16,ZL18}, including
somewhat by hand
the resonance-like structure proposed in Ref.~\cite{JH13}.
On the other hand, all theoretical calculations performed within
the cluster model framework
do not reproduce the claimed resonance. The most important
theoretical studies
were performed using different approaches,
like a two-body phenomenological potential~\cite{JH10,SD11},
an optical potential~\cite{FB80},
a four-cluster model~\cite{KA02} and  the Gamow shell model~\cite{GD17},
obtaining all quite consistent results with each other.
All these studies, however, are lacking of an estimate of the
theoretical uncertainty, especially that arising from
model dependence. Therefore, we present here a new theoretical study
within a cluster model of the $^6{\rm Li}(p,\gamma)^7{\rm Be}$, using
also a two-body phenomenological potential similar to that
of Ref.~\cite{SD11},
but calculating not only
the astrophysical $S$-factor,
but also the angular distribution
of the emitted photon, for which there are also available
data~\cite{CT87}. This will allow us to further verify the agreement
between this theoretical framework and experiment.
We will also investigate on the possible presence of the
resonance structure as suggested by the data of Ref.~\cite{JH13}.

This work is organized as follows: in Sec.~\ref{sec:theory} we will
present the main ingredients of the calculation, while in Sec.~\ref{sec:res}
we will present and discuss our results. Our conclusions are given in
Sec.~\ref{sec:concl}.

\section{Theoretical formalism}
\label{sec:theory}

The cluster model approach is based on the fact that the two colliding nuclei,
$p$ $(J^\pi=1/2^+)$ and $^6{\rm Li}$ $(J^\pi=1^+)$,
can be considered as structureless particle,
which interacts through an {\it ad hoc} potential.
This is tuned to reproduce the $^7{\rm Be}$ properties and the
elastic scattering phase shifts.
Following Ref.~\cite{SD11}, we consider a $p-\,^6{\rm Li}$ potential of the form
\begin{equation}
  V(r)=-V_0\exp{(-a_0r^2)}\,,
\label{eq:vr}
\end{equation}
where $V_0$ and $a_0$ are two parameters, to be chosen by
reproducing the elastic scattering data. We add also a point-like
Coulomb interaction,
\begin{equation}
  V(r)=\alpha \frac{Z_1Z_2}{r} \ ,
\label{eq:pointCoul}
\end{equation}
where $\alpha=1.439975$ MeV fm. All the other coefficients
entering the two-body Schr\"odinger equation
which is solved in this framework are given for completeness
in Table~\ref{tab:params}.
\begin{table}[h]
\begin{center}
  \begin{tabular}{lc}
    \hline
    $m_p$ & $1.00727647$ u\\
    $m_{^6{\rm Li}}$& $6.01347746$ u\\
    $\hbar c$& $197.3269788$ MeV fm\\
    \hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ \label{tab:params}
  Values of the parameters used in the Schr\"odinger equation.
Note that we have used
$1$ u $=931.4940954$ MeV.}
\end{center}
\end{table}
All the results that will follow are
obtained using the Numerov algorithm to solve the Schr\"odinger equation
and then further
tested using the R-matrix method (see Ref.~\cite{PD10} and references therein).

The parameters of the intercluster potential given in Eq.~(\ref{eq:vr})
are chosen in order to reproduce
the elastic scattering phase shifts, which are derived from partial wave
analysis of the experimental elastic scattering data of Ref.~\cite{SD11}.
In Table~\ref{tab:par-wave}
we report all possible partial waves
up to orbital angular momentum $L=2$ that need to be considered,
both for the doublet $S=1/2$ and quartet $S=3/2$ states, $S$
being the sum of the proton and $^6{\rm Li}$ spins, 1/2 and 1 respectively.
\begin{table}[h]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{l|cc}
& $S=1/2$ & $S=3/2$\\
\hline
$L=0$ & ${}^2S_{1/2}$ & ${}^4S_{3/2}$ \\
$L=1$ & ${}^2P_{1/2}$ ${}^2P_{3/2}$ & ${}^4P_{1/2}$ ${}^4P_{3/2}$ ${}^4P_{5/2}$\\
$L=2$ & ${}^2D_{3/2}$ ${}^2D_{5/2}$ & ${}^4D_{1/2}$ ${}^4D_{3/2}$ ${}^4D_{5/2}$
${}^4D_{7/2}$\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ \label{tab:par-wave}
  Partial waves of the $p(J^\pi=1/2^+)-\, ^6{\rm Li}(J^\pi=1^+)$ system up to $L=2$.
We indicate with $S$ the total spin.}
\end{center}
\end{table}
While the value of $a_0$ has been fixed and kept as in Ref.~\cite{SD11},
the values of $V_0$ has been obtained minimizing the $\chi^2$ function,
defined as
\begin{equation}
  \chi^2=\sum_i\frac{\left(\delta^i_{\rm{EXP}}(E)
    -\delta^i_{\rm{TH}}(V_0,E)\right)^2}
      {(\Delta\delta^i_{\rm{EXP}})^2}\ .
\label{eq:chi2}
\end{equation}
Here $\delta^i_{\rm{EXP}}(E)$ are the experimental phase shifts
and $\delta^i_{\rm{TH}}(V_0,E)$ are the calculated ones.
The minimization has been performed using the COBYLA algorithm~\cite{MP98}.
The values of $V_0$ and $a_0$ for the various partial waves and the
corresponding $\chi^2$/datum are listed in
Table~\ref{tab:chim}. To be noticed that the phase shift for the ${}^2P$ wave
is given by $\delta_{{}^2P}=\delta_{{}^2P_{1/2}}+\delta_{{}^2P_{3/2}}$
as defined in Ref.~\cite{SD11}.
In Fig.~\ref{fig:phase-shifts}
we report the
experimental values and the calculated phase shifts for the $S$ waves.
As we can see from the figure, a nice agreement is found for the
$S$-wave phase shifts, especially for the ${}^2S_{1/2}$.
\begin{table}[ht]
  \begin{center}
    \begin{tabular}{l|ccc}
      \hline
        wave &  $V_0$ (MeV) & $a_0$ (fm$^{-2}$)& $\chi^2/$datum\\
        \hline
        ${}^2S_{1/2}$ & 124.63 & 0.15 & 0.4\\
        ${}^4S_{3/2}$ & 141.72 & 0.15 & 3.6\\
        ${}^2P$ & 67.44  & 0.1 & 1.9\\
        \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{Values for the parameters of the
      Gaussian potential and $\chi^2/$datum for the different
      partial waves.}\label{tab:chim}
  \end{center}
\end{table}
\begin{figure}[ht]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{Figure1_v3.eps}
    \caption{\label{fig:phase-shifts}
      Phase shifts for the ${}^2S_{1/2}$ and the ${}^4S_{3/2}$ partial waves
      as function of the proton energy.
      The data are taken form Ref.~\cite{SD11}. The full red line are
      the calculated phase shifts with the potential parameters given in
      Table~\ref{tab:chim}.}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}

The $p-\,^6{\rm Li}$ potential of the form of Eq.~(\ref{eq:vr}) is used
also in order to describe the $^7{\rm Be}$ nucleus. In this case
we need to reproduce the binding energies of the two bound states,
the ground state (GS) $J^\pi=3/2^-$ with $E=-5.6068$ MeV
and the first excited state (FES) $J^\pi=1/2^-$ with $E=-5.1767$
MeV~\cite{DT02}.
We fixed again the parameter $a_0$ as in Ref.~\cite{SD11},
while in order to obtain $V_0$ we impose
that the calculated binding energies reproduce the experimental ones up to the
sixth digit. Moreover, we have evaluated also the
asymptotic normalization coefficient
(ANC), defined as
\begin{equation}
    {\rm{ANC}}=\frac{u_{LS}(r)}{\sqrt{2k}W_{L+1/2}(2kr,\eta)}\,,
\label{eq:anc}
\end{equation}
where $u_{LS}(r)$ is the radial part of the wave function (see below),
$r$ is the intercluster
distance, $k=\sqrt{\frac{2\mu E}{\hbar^2}}$ with
$\mu=\frac{m_pm_{^6{\rm Li}}}{m_p+m_{^6{\rm Li}}}$, $E$ the energy of the bound state, and
$W_{L+1/2}(2kr,\eta)$
is the Whittaker function~\cite{AS65}, with $\eta$ defined as
\begin{equation}
    \eta=1.439975\times Z_pZ_{^6{\rm Li}}\frac{\mu}{2k\hbar^2}\,.
    \label{etabar}
\end{equation}
In Table~\ref{tab:bspar}
we report the values for $V_0$ and $a_0$,
and the calculated value of the binding energies and ANCs for both the GS
and FES. Note that, to our knowledge, there are no experimental data
for the ANCs.
\begin{table}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \begin{tabular}{l|cccc}
      \hline
        $J^\pi$ &  $V_0$ (MeV) & $a_0$ (fm$^{-2}$)& $E$ (MeV) & ANC\\
        \hline
        $3/2^-$ & 254.6876510 & 0.25 & -5.606800 & 2.654\\
        $1/2^-$ & 252.7976803 & 0.25 & -5.176700 & 2.528\\
        \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{Values for the parameters of the
      Gaussian potential of Eq.~(\ref{eq:vr})
      and the calculated binding energy and ANC for
      both the GS and the FES.
      }\label{tab:bspar}
  \end{center}
\end{table}

Having determined the $^7{\rm Be}$ and $p-\,^6{\rm Li}$ wave functions, we can proceed
to evaluate the radiative capture cross section and angular distribution.
Let us consider the generic reaction $A_1+A_2\rightarrow A_3+\gamma$.
We write the scattering wave function as
\begin{eqnarray}
  \psi_{1,2}(\vec{r},p)&=&\frac{\sqrt{4\pi}}{p}\sum_{LSJJ_z}
  i^L\, \sqrt{2L+1}\,
  \langle J_1 M_{1} J_2 M_{2}| S J_z\rangle\nonumber\\
  &&\langle SJ_z L 0| J J_z \rangle
  \,\psi_{1,2}^{LSJJ_z}(\vec{r},p)\,,
\label{eq:psi12}
\end{eqnarray}
with
\begin{equation}
  \psi_{1,2}^{LSJJ_z}(\vec{r},p)=
  R_{LSJ}(r,p)\,\Big[Y_L(\hat{r})\otimes\chi_S\Big]_{JJ_z}\,,
  \label{eq:psi12_LSJ}
\end{equation}
where $p$ is the relative momentum of the two particles, $\vec{r}$
the intercluster distance, $L$, $S$ and $J$ the total orbital,
spin and angular momentum of the two nuclei,
with $J_1,M_1$ and $J_2,M_2$ being the total
angular momenta and third components of the two nuclei.
The function $R_{LSJ}(r,p)$ is the scattering wave function,
that has been
determined solving the two-body Schr\"odinger equation similarly to
what done in Ref.~\cite{Gra2017}.
For the bound states of the final nucleus $A_3$ we write the wave function
as
\begin{equation}
  \psi_{3}^{J_3M_{3}}(\vec{r})=
  u_{L_3S_3}(r)\,\Big[Y_{L_3}(\hat{r})\otimes\chi_{S_3}\Big]_{J_3M_{3}}\,,
  \label{eq:bound}
\end{equation}
where $\vec{r}$ is again the intercluster distance.
The function $u_{L_3S_3}(r)$ has also been determined as
explained above.
The total cross section for a radiative capture in a bound state with
total angular momentum $J_3$ is written as
\begin{eqnarray}
  \sigma_{J_3}(E)&=&\frac{32\pi^2}{(2J_1+1)(2J_2+1)}\,\frac{\alpha}{v_{\rm rel}}
  \,\frac{q}{1+q/m_3}\nonumber\\
  &&\qquad\times\sum_{\Lambda\geq1}\sum_{LSJ}
  \Big(|E_{\Lambda}^{LSJ,J_3}|^2+|M_{\Lambda}^{LSJ,J_3}|^2\Big)
  \label{eq:sigtot}\,,
\end{eqnarray}
where $\alpha=e^2/4\pi$, $v_{\rm rel}$ is the relative velocity of the
two incoming particles, $q$ is the photon momentum and $m_3$ is the mass of
$A_3$ nucleus. Finally, $T_{\Lambda}^{LSJ,J_3}$, with $T=E/M$,
are the reduced matrix element of the electromagnetic
operator and $\Lambda$ is the multipole order.
Using the Wigner-Eckart theorem, they are defined as
\begin{equation}
  T^{LSJ,J_3}_\Lambda=\langle \psi_{1,2}^{LSJJ_z}(\vec{r},p)|
  T_{\Lambda\lambda}|\psi_{3}^{J_3M_{3}}(\vec{r})\rangle\frac{\sqrt{2J_3+1}}
  {\langle J_3 M_{3} \Lambda \lambda | J J_z\rangle}\,,
  \label{eq:tlambda}
\end{equation}
where $\lambda=\pm1$ is
the photon polarization.
In our calculation we include only the electric operator,
which is typically larger than the magnetic one. Then, in
the long-wavelength approximation~\cite{JD95}, by using
Eqs.~(\ref{eq:psi12_LSJ}) and~(\ref{eq:bound}), it results
\begin{eqnarray}
  E_{\Lambda}^{LSJ,J_3}&=&(-1)^{2J_f+\Lambda+L+S-J}
  \hat{J}\hat{J_3}\hat{L_3}\hat{\Lambda}
  \,\langle L_3 0 \Lambda 0 | L 0\rangle
  \nonumber\\
  &&\times\begin{Bmatrix}
      J   & L   & S \\
      L_3 & J_3 &\Lambda
    \end{Bmatrix}
  \frac{Z_e^{(\Lambda)}}{(2\Lambda+1)!!}
  \sqrt{\frac{\Lambda+1}{\Lambda}}\frac{q^\Lambda}{\sqrt{4\pi}p}\nonumber\\
  &&\times\int_0^\infty dr\, r^2\,u_{L_3S_3}(r)r^\Lambda
  R_{LSJ}(r,p)\delta_{S,S_3}\label{eq:eleop}
  \,.
\end{eqnarray}
Here we have defined $\hat{x}=\sqrt{2x+1}$ and
\begin{equation}
  Z_e^{(\Lambda)}=Z_1\left(\frac{m_2}{m_1+m_2}\right)^\Lambda+
  Z_2\left(-\frac{m_1}{m_1+m_2}\right)^\Lambda\,
  \label{eq:zeff}
\end{equation}
is the effective charge, in which $Z_1(Z_2)$ is the charge
and $m_1(m_2)$ is the mass of the $A_1(A_2)$ nucleus.
Given the radial wave functions $u_{L_3S_3}(r)$
and $R_{LSJ}(r,p)$, the one-dimensional integral of
Eq.~(\ref{eq:eleop}) is simple and performed with standard
numerical techniques.
The astrophysical $S$-factor is then defined as
\begin{equation}
  S_{J_3}(E)=E\exp(2\pi\eta)\sigma_{J_3}(E)\,,
\label{eq:sfactor}
\end{equation}
where $\sigma_{J_3}(E)$ is the total cross section of
Eq.~(\ref{eq:sigtot}) and
$\eta$ is defined in Eq.~(\ref{etabar}).

The other observable of interest is the
photon angular distribution, which can be written as
\begin{equation}
  \sigma_{J_3}(E,\theta)=\sigma_0(E)\sum_{k}a_k^{J_3}(E) P_k(\cos\theta)\,,
  \label{eq:sigma_theta}
\end{equation}
where $\sigma_0(E)$ is a kinematic factor defined as
\begin{equation}
  \sigma_0(E)=\frac{16\pi^2}{(2J_1+1)(2J_2+1)}\frac{\alpha}{v_{\rm rel}}
  \frac{q}{1+q/m_3}\,,\label{eq:sig0}
\end{equation}
and $P_k(\cos\theta)$ are the Legendre polynomials. The coefficients
$a_k$ are given by
\begin{eqnarray}
  a_k^{J_3}(E)&=&\sum_{LL'SJJ'\Lambda\Lambda'}(-)^{J+J'+J_3+L'+\Lambda+S+1}
  \,i^{L+L'+\Lambda+\Lambda'}\nonumber\\
  &&\times\hat{L}\hat{L'}\hat{\Lambda}\hat{\Lambda'}
  \hat{J}\hat{J'}\,\langle L 0 L' 0|k 0\rangle   \begin{Bmatrix}
    L   & L'   & k \\
    J' & J & S
  \end{Bmatrix}\nonumber\\
  &&\times\begin{Bmatrix}
      J'   & J   & k \\
      \Lambda & \Lambda' & J_3
    \end{Bmatrix}
  \sum_{\lambda=\pm1}\langle \Lambda' -\lambda \Lambda \lambda |k 0\rangle
  \nonumber\\
  &&\times\left(\lambda M_{\Lambda'}^{L'SJ',J_3}+E_{\Lambda'}^{L'SJ',J_3}\right)
  \left(\lambda M_{\Lambda}^{LSJ,J_3}+E_{\Lambda}^{LSJ,J_3}\right)\,.
  \label{eq:ak}
\end{eqnarray}
The photon angular distribution can be casted in the final form
\begin{equation}
  \sigma_{J_3}(E,\theta)
  =\sigma_{J_3}(E)\left(1+\sum_{k\geq1}A^{J_3}_k(E) P_k(\cos\theta)\right)\,,
  \label{eq:angulardistr}
\end{equation}
where $\sigma_{J_3}(E)$ is defined in Eq.~(\ref{eq:sigtot}),
and $A^{J_3}_k(E)=a_k^{J_3}(E)/a_0^{J_3}(E)$.

\section{Results}
\label{sec:res}

In this section we compare our theoretical predictions for the
astrophysical $S$-factor and the
angular distribution of the emitted photon
with the available experimental data. In the last subsection,
we also discuss the possibility of introducing in our model the resonance
proposed in Ref.~\cite{JH13}.

Before discussing the results, we note that in the $p-\,^6{\rm Li}$ reaction
the open
${}^3{\rm He}-\,^4{\rm He}$ channel should in principle
be included. However, we do not consider
this channel in our work. This can be done because
the experimental phase shifts of Ref.~\cite{SD11} used to fit
our potential were obtained considering only the $p-\,^6{\rm Li}$ channel.
Therefore the ${}^3{\rm He}-\,^4{\rm He}$ channel
results to be hidden in the experimental phase shifts that we reproduce
with our potential. On the other hand, for the $^7{\rm Be}$ bound states,
the ${}^3{\rm He}-\,^4{\rm He}$
component needs to be considered, and this is
done phenomenologically, introducing in our calculation the
spectroscopic factors, as explained in the next subsection.

\subsection{The Astrophysical $S$-factor}
\label{subsec:sfactor}

The main contribution to the radiative capture reaction
$^6{\rm Li}(p,\gamma)^7{\rm Be}$ cross section (and therefore
astrophysical $S$-factor) comes from the electric dipole ($E1$) transition.
 The structure of the electric operator in the long wavelength
  approximation implies a series of selection rules due to the presence of
  the Wigner-6j coefficient as shown in
Eq.~(\ref{eq:eleop}).
Therefore, the only waves allowed by the $E1$ transition operator
up to $L=2$ are ${}^2S_{1/2}$, ${}^2D_{3/2}$ and ${}^2D_{5/2}$
for the GS, and
${}^2S_{1/2}$ and ${}^2D_{3/2}$ for the FES.
To evaluate the ${}^2D$ waves, we use the same potential used for the
${}^2S_{1/2}$ wave, but we have changed only the angular momentum
$L$ in the Schr\"odinger equation and we have
imposed that the waves ${}^2D_{3/2}$ and ${}^2D_{5/2}$
are identical in the radial part.
From the calculation, it turns out that up to energies
of about 400 keV, the contribution
of the ${}^2D$ waves is very small. However, for higher values of the energy,
this contribution becomes significant.

In Fig.~\ref{fig:sftot} we compare our results for the
astrophysical $S$-factor with the experimental
data of Ref.~\cite{ZS79} and~\cite{JH13}. The calculation is
performed summing up the
contributions to both the GS and the FES.
Since the data of Ref.~\cite{JH13} are still under debate,
in discussing the results of Fig.~\ref{fig:sftot} we will
consider only the data of Ref.~\cite{ZS79}. By inspection of the
figure, we can conclude that our calculated (bare) $S$-factor is
systematically lower than the data.
The reason can be simply traced back
to the fact that in our model we do not take into account
the internal structure of $^6{\rm Li}$ and $^7{\rm Be}$.
In order to overcome this limitation,
we introduce the spectroscopic factor $\cal{S}$,
for both bound states of $^7{\rm Be}$,
so that the total cross section can be rewritten as
\begin{equation}
  \sigma(E)={\cal{S}}_0^2\sigma^{\rm{bare}}_0(E)+
        {\cal{S}}_1^2\sigma^{\rm{bare}}_1(E)\,.
\end{equation}
Here $\sigma^{\rm{bare}}_0(E)\,(\sigma^{\rm{bare}}_1(E))$
and ${\cal{S}}_0({\cal{S}}_1)$ are the calculated bare cross section
and spectroscopic factor
for the transition to the  GS (FES) of $^7{\rm Be}$.

In order to determine the two spectroscopic factors ${\cal{S}}_0$
and ${\cal{S}}_1$, we proceed as follows: we notice that
in Ref.~\cite{ZS79} there are two sets of data,
which corresponds to the radiative
capture to GS and FES, and the total $S$-factor
is given by multiplying the
data for the relative branching ratio (BR).
Therefore, we divide the two data sets for the corresponding BR and
we fit the spectroscopic factors, calculating the $S$-factor for GS and FES
captures separately.
In such a way we are able to reproduce not only the total $S$-factor but also the
experimental BR for the FES radiative capture of $\sim39\%$~\cite{ZS79},
defined as ${\cal{S}}_1^2\sigma^{\rm{bare}}_1(E)/\sigma(E)$.
The values of the spectroscopic
factors and the $\chi^2/$datum defined according to
Eq.~(\ref{eq:chi2}), using the data of Ref.~\cite{ZS79}, before
($\chi^2_0/$datum) and after ($\chi^2_{\cal S}/$datum) adding
the spectroscopic factors are given in Table~\ref{tab:spectro}.
From the values of the $\chi^2_0/$datum given
in Table~\ref{tab:spectro}, it is possible to conclude that the
description of the radiative capture reaction to the GS
using the bare wave function
is quite accurate, while this is not the case for the FES.
\begin{figure}[t]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{Figure2_v3.eps}
    \caption{\label{fig:sftot}
      Total astrophysical
      $S$-factor for the $^6{\rm Li}(p,\gamma)^7{\rm Be}$ radiative capture reaction.
      The (blue) dashed line is the bare calculation, while
      the (red) full line is the obtained including
      the spectroscopic factors ${\cal{S}}_0$ and ${\cal S}_1$
      of Table~\ref{tab:spectro}.
      The data are taken from
      Refs.~\cite{ZS79} and~\cite{JH13}.}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
\begin{table}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \begin{tabular}{lccc}
      \hline
      $J^\pi$ & ${\cal S}$ & $\chi_0^2/$datum & $\chi^2_{\cal_S}/$datum\\
      \hline
      $3/2^-$ & 1.003 & 0.064  & 0.064 \\
      $1/2^-$ & 1.131 & 2.096  & 0.219 \\
      \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{Spectroscopic
      factors ${\cal S}$ and $\chi^2/$datum obtained by fitting
      the data of Ref.~\cite{ZS79}, before
      ($\chi^2_0/$datum) and after ($\chi^2_{\cal S}/$datum) adding
      the spectroscopic factors themselves. With $J^\pi=3/2^-$ and $J^\pi=1/2^-$
      we indicate the GS and FES of $^7{\rm Be}$.}\label{tab:spectro}
  \end{center}
\end{table}

In order to extrapolate the astrophysical $S$-factor at zero energy, we
perform a polynomial fit of our
calculated points up to second order, i.e. we rewrite the $S$-factor $S(E)$
in the energy range between $0$ and $300$ keV as
\begin{equation}
  S(E)=S(0)+S_1(0)E+S_2(0)E^2\,.\label{eq:sfexp}
\end{equation}
In Table~\ref{tab:fit} we report
the values obtained for $S(0)$, $S_1(0)$, and $S_2(0)$
in the cases of the GS, FES and the total GS+FES captures.
\begin{table}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \begin{tabular}{c|ccc|ccc}
      & GS  & FES & GS+FES & Ref.~\cite{JH10} & Ref.~\cite{SD11} & Ref.~\cite{FB80} \\
      \hline
      $S(0)$ [eV b]          & $\m63.2$& $\m40.7$& $\m103.9$&$\m98.5$&$\m106$&$\m108$\\
      $S_1(0)$ [eV b/MeV]    & $ -63.9$& $ -41.2$& $ -105.1$&$ -71.5$&$ -215$&$ -130$\\
      $S_2(0)$ [eV b/MeV$^2$]& $\m27.3$& $\m17.7$& $\m45.0$ &$\m32.5$&$\m312$&$\m81.7$ \\
      \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{Expansion coefficients for the polynomial fit of the $S$-factor
      as defined in Eq.~(\ref{eq:sfexp}). For our work we report the
      expansion for the GS, the FES, and the sum of the two. For Refs.~\cite{JH10,SD11,FB80}
      we report the expansion obtained from the fit of digitalized curves of the
      total S-factor.}
    \label{tab:fit}
  \end{center}
\end{table}
The results of the table can be compared with those obtained with other
phenomenological models
in Refs.~\cite{JH10,SD11,FB80}.
In particular, we can conclude that
our results for $S(0)$ is within $3\%$
compared to Refs.~\cite{JH10,SD11,FB80}.
As regarding the shape
of the $S$-factor, determined by $S_1(0)$ and $S_2(0)$, our results
are quite in agreement with those of Ref.~\cite{JH10} and~\cite{FB80}.
On the other hand, the results obtained in Ref.~\cite{SD11}
with an approach similar to ours, give a higher value for $S_1(0)$ and $S_2(0)$.
The origin of this discrepancy is still unknown.
The results of Ref.~\cite{KA02}, although obtained with
a more sophisticated model than the one presented here, are consistent
with ours, while those of Ref.~\cite{GD17}
show a different energy dependence.
All the theoretical calculations, except the studies
of Refs.~\cite{FC92,RP04},
agree in a negative slope in the $S$-factor at low energies,
and none of them predict a resonance structure, as suggested instead
by the data of Ref.~\cite{JH13}.

In order to estimate the theoretical uncertainty
arising from a calculation performed in the phenomenological
two-body cluster approach, we have reported in Fig.~\ref{fig:sfcomparison}
within a (gray) band all the results
available in the literature.
As we can conclude
by inspection of the figure, the theoretical error
which can be estimated by the band is quite
significant,
but of the same order of
the experimental errors on the data.
\begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{Figure3_v3.eps}
    \caption{\label{fig:sfcomparison}
      Comparison between our predictions
      (full red line) and the studies available in the
      literature. We show within a (gray) band
      the calculated astrophysical $S$-factors of
      Refs.~\cite{JH10,SD11,FB80}, obtained with
      phenomenological potentials.
      For completeness we also report
      the results of Ref.~\cite{KA02} (blue dashed line) and of
      Ref.~\cite{GD17} (blue dot-dashed line).}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
If we take into account all the results obtained
with the phenomenological potentials of Refs.~\cite{JH10,SD11,FB80}
and the results of the present work,
we obtain for the $S$-factor at zero energy the value
\begin{equation}
  S(0)= (103.5\pm 4.5)\ {\rm eV\ b}\,.
  \label{eq:s0}
\end{equation}
We remark that also the value for $S(0)$ obtained in Ref.~\cite{PD10}
is within this range.

\subsection{Angular distribution of photons}
\label{subsec:angular}

We present in this section the photon angular
distribution results obtained within the framework
outlined in Sec.~\ref{sec:theory}, and we compare our results
with the data of Ref.~\cite{CT87}.
This provides a further check on our model.

By using Eq.~(\ref{eq:angulardistr}),
we have found that the main contribution to the $A_k^{J_3}(E)$ coefficients
comes from the interference of the
$E1$ operator generated by the ${}^2S_{1/2}$ wave
with the $E1$ operator generated
by the ${}^2D$ waves and with the $E2$ operator generated by the ${}^2P$ waves.
Note that for the ${}^2P$ and ${}^2D$ waves, we do not have a complete
set of data for the phase shifts in all the possible
total angular momentum $J^\pi$.
Therefore we use the same radial function for
the ${}^2D_{3/2}$ and ${}^2D_{5/2}$ waves,
and also for the ${}^2P_{1/2}$ and ${}^2P_{3/2}$ waves.
The relative phases for these waves, being arbitrary, are fixed in order to have the best
description of the data of Ref.~\cite{CT87}.

The results for the $A_k^{J_3}$ coefficients for various incident
proton energies $(E_p)$ are reported in
Tables~\ref{tab:t32} and~\ref{tab:t12}, where
they are compared with the values fitted on the
experimental data of Ref.~\cite{CT87}.
\begin{table}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \begin{tabular}{c|cc}
      \hline
      $k\,(J_3=3/2)$ & This work & Fit of Ref.~\cite{CT87}\\
      \hline
      \multicolumn{3}{c}{$E_p=500$ keV}\\
      \hline
      1 &0.000   &   -   \\
      2 &0.270   & $0.299\pm0.045$\\
      3 &0.000   &   -  \\
      \hline
      $\chi^2/$datum & 0.95 & 0.90 \\
      \hline
      \multicolumn{3}{c}{$E_p=800$ keV}\\
      \hline
      1 &0.000   &   -    \\
      2 &0.375   & $0.390\pm0.031$      \\
      3 &0.000   &   -    \\
      \hline
      $\chi^2/$datum & 0.79 & 1.17 \\
      \hline
      \multicolumn{3}{c}{$E_p=1000$ keV}\\
      \hline
      1 &0.000   &   -   \\
      2 &0.422   & $0.368\pm0.036$     \\
      3 &0.000   &   -   \\
      \hline
      $\chi^2/$datum & 1.61 & 1.21 \\
      \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{\label{tab:t32}
      Values of the coefficients $A_k^{3/2}(E)$ for three proton energies
      compared with the fit to the data of Ref.~\cite{CT87}.
    The $\chi^2/$datum is also reported.}
  \end{center}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \begin{tabular}{c|cc}
      \hline
      $k\,(J_3=1/2)$ & This work & Fit of Ref.~\cite{CT87} \\
      \hline
      \multicolumn{3}{c}{$E_p=500$ keV}\\
      \hline
      1 &0.214   &$0.193\pm0.055$      \\
      2 &0.286   &$0.159\pm0.074$      \\
      3 &0.043   &      -              \\
      \hline
      $\chi^2/$datum & 1.71 & 0.78 \\
      \hline
      \multicolumn{3}{c}{$E_p=800$ keV}\\
      \hline
      1 &0.263   &$0.283\pm0.042$      \\
      2 &0.398   &$0.257\pm0.051$      \\
      3 &0.085   &     -               \\
      \hline
      $\chi^2/$datum & 3.12 & 0.76 \\
      \hline
      \multicolumn{3}{c}{$E_p=1000$ keV}\\
      \hline
      1 &0.280   &$0.205\pm0.043$      \\
      2 &0.448   &$0.281\pm0.054$      \\
      3 &0.115   &     -               \\
      \hline
      $\chi^2/$datum & 6.10 & 1.67 \\
      \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{\label{tab:t12}
      Same as Table~\ref{tab:t32}, but for the coefficients $A_k^{1/2}(E)$.}
  \end{center}
\end{table}
In Figs.~\ref{fig:angdist0} and~\ref{fig:angdist1}
we report the calculated angular distribution of the emitted photon for
the capture to the GS  and to the FES, respectively of $E_p=0.5$ MeV.
The data of Ref.~\cite{CT87} are also shown.
\begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{Figure4_v3.eps}
    \caption{\label{fig:angdist0}
      Photon angular distribution for the radiative capture to the
      GS for $E_p=0.5$ MeV. Our calculation (full red line) is compared
      to the fit (dashed blue line) and the data of Ref.~\cite{CT87}.}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{Figure5_v3.eps}
    \caption{\label{fig:angdist1}
      The same as Fig.~\ref{fig:angdist0} for the FES.}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
The theoretical values are in nice agreement with the fitted data for the GS.
In particular, the $A_1^{3/2}$ coefficient,
obtained using Eq.~(\ref{eq:ak}), results to be
\begin{equation}
  A_1^{3/2}\propto E_1^{0\frac{1}{2}\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2}}
  \left(E_2^{1\frac{1}{2}\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2}}
  -E_2^{1\frac{1}{2}\frac{3}{2},\frac{3}{2}}\right)+\ldots \ ,
  \label{eq:a1-32}
\end{equation}
where the dots indicate the interference's between the $E1$ generated by
the $D$ waves, which
give a negligible contribution.
If now we suppose that
$E_2^{1\frac{1}{2}\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2}}\simeq E_2^{1\frac{1}{2}\frac{3}{2},\frac{3}{2}}$,
the value for $A_1^{3/2}$ goes to zero, explaining why we
do not need this coefficient to reproduce the data.
In our case the values of the coefficients $A_1^{3/2}$
are exactly zero because we use the same radial function for
different $J^\pi$. The same happens also for $A_3^{3/2}$.
As regarding to the capture to the FES, our calculation shows
some disagreements compared to the values obtained by fit to the data
of Ref.~\cite{CT87}, although these are affected by significant
uncertainties.
In this case, in fact, there is no cancellation as in Eq.~(\ref{eq:a1-32}), and
therefore the values of the
coefficients $A_k^{1/2}$ are strongly dependent on the ${}^2P$ and ${}^2D$
waves, which are very uncertain.
For this reason the disagreement
with the data can be considered acceptable.

The photon angular distribution has a noticeable impact on the experimental
measurements of the $S$-factor. Many experiments are done measuring
the photon emitted at a fixed angle ($\theta$)
respect to the beam
axis. Therefore the measured cross section must
be corrected by a factor related to the angular distribution.
We take into account this effect writing
the total cross section as
\begin{eqnarray}
  \sigma(E)=\frac{2\pi}{\phi_2-\phi_1}\,\,\frac{
    \sigma_{exp}(E;\theta_1\theta_2;\phi_1\phi_2)}
        {\int_{\theta_1}^{\theta_2}d\theta\,\sin\theta\, C(E,\theta)}\,,
\label{eq:sigmae}
\end{eqnarray}
where $\sigma_{exp}(E;\theta_1\theta_2;\phi_1\phi_2)$
is the measured cross section
integrated over the solid angle covered by the detector and
\begin{eqnarray}
  C(E,\theta)=1+\sum_{k\geq1}A_k(E)P_k(\cos\theta)\,.
\label{eq:cea}
\end{eqnarray}
In Eq.~(\ref{eq:sigmae}) we call with $\phi$ the other polar angle.
Many experiments put the detector at $\theta\simeq 55^\circ$,
since $P_k(\cos 55^\circ)\simeq0$ and therefore
the contribution of $A_2(E)$ can be neglected.
However, the contribution from the
$A_1(E)$ coefficient can not be always neglected.
Using our calculation, we can estimate the impact of the angular distribution
of the photon to the measurement of the $^6{\rm Li}(p,\gamma)^7{\rm Be}$ reaction.
In Fig.~\ref{fig:ce} we evaluated the coefficients $C(E,\theta=55^\circ)$
for the capture to the  GS and the FES, neglecting the
physical dimension of the detector. By inspection of the figure
we can conclude that the correction given by the photon
angular distribution is negligible for capture in the GS. This can
be traced back to the fact that the
coefficient $A_1^{J_3}\simeq0$. However,
$A_1^{J_3}\simeq6-9\%$ for the FES in the region of interest of the BBN.
This can have consequences for the different experimental determinations,
affecting their systematic error estimate.
\begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{Figure6_v3.eps}
    \caption{\label{fig:ce}
      Correction coefficient $C(E,\theta)$ defined in Eq.~(\ref{eq:cea})
      for the GS (full red line) and
      for the FES (dashed blue line) capture at $\theta=55^\circ$.}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}

\subsection{The ``He''-resonance}
\label{subsec:heres}

In a recent work~\cite{JH13}, He {\it et al.} considered the possibility
of introducing a resonance-like structure
in the $^6{\rm Li}(p,\gamma)^7{\rm Be}$ $S$-factor data at low energies, and they estimated
the energy and width in the proton decay channel to
be $E_R=195$ keV and $\Gamma_p=50$ keV, respectively. The total
angular momentum of the resonance
reported in Ref.~\cite{JH13} can be either
$J^\pi=1/2^+$ or $J^\pi=3/2^+$. In this section
we give for granted the existence
of this resonance, and we
explore the effects of introducing such a resonance
structure in our model. The comparison with the available data
will tell us whether this assumption is valid or not.

The first step of our study consists in constructing
the nuclear potentials in such a way that we obtain
$190$ keV $<E_R<$ $200$ keV and we reproduce
the width of the resonance in the $S$-factor data.
In a first calculation, we consider to introduce the resonance in the
partial wave of spin 1/2. In particular we use the wave ${}^2S_{1/2}$
for $J^\pi=1/2^+$ and ${}^2D_{3/2}$ for $J^\pi=3/2^+$.
In both the cases, we were not able to find parameters $V_0$ and $a_0$
(see Eq.~(\ref{eq:vr})) that give a consistent description of all the available data.
For the ${}^2S_{1/2}$ the introduction of such a resonance is completely
inconsistent with the experimental phase shifts.
For the ${}^2D_{3/2}$ we do not have experimental constrains on
the experimental phase shifts, but we were not able to obtain
the strength of the resonance as given in the data of Ref.~\cite{JH13}.
The best result obtained adding the resonance in the ${}^2D_{3/2}$ wave is given
in Fig.~\ref{fig:sfresd}.
\begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{Figure7_v3.eps}
    \caption{\label{fig:sfresd}
      Bare astrophysical $S$-factor (blue dot-dashed line)
      to which it is summed a resonance structure in
      the ${}^2D_{3/2}$ wave (full red line).
      See text for more details.}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}

In a second calculation, we considered the GS of $^7{\rm Be}$ to be a mixed
state of spin $1/2$ and $3/2$. In this way the $E1$ operator can couple
the scattering wave ${}^4S_{3/2}$ to the ${}^4P_{3/2}$ component of the GS. Therefore,
we can introduce the $J^\pi=3/2^+$ resonance in the ${}^4S_{3/2}$ partial
wave. In this calculation, we use the ${}^2P_{3/2}$ radial wave function for
the ${}^4P_{3/2}$ component of the GS.
We select as potential parameters for the
${}^4S_{3/2}$ component
$V_0=438.7$ MeV and
$a_0=0.2$ fm$^{-2}$.
With this potential we get a resonance energy of $E_R=197$ keV and a width
of the resonance $\Gamma\sim15$ keV. The difference in the width
compared to the value reported by Ref.~\cite{JH13} is mainly due to the
fact we do not include interferences with the ${}^3{\rm He}-\,^4{\rm He}$
channel.
Then we rewrite the total cross section as
\begin{equation}
  \sigma(E)={\cal{S}}_0^2\sigma^{\rm{bare}}_0(E)+
        {\cal{S}}^2_1\sigma^{\rm{bare}}_1(E)
        +{\cal{S}}_{\rm{res}}^2\sigma^{\rm{bare}}_{\rm{res}}(E)\,,
\label{eq:sigmae-he}
\end{equation}
where ${\cal{S}}_{\rm{res}}$ is the spectroscopic factor of the ${}^4P_{3/2}$
wave component in the GS and $\sigma^{\rm{bare}}_{\rm{res}}$ is
the calculated capture reaction cross section in the resonance wave.
The result obtained imposing ${\cal{S}}_0={\cal{S}}_1\sim1$ and
${\cal{S}}_{\rm{res}}\sim0.011$ is in good agreement
with both the data set of Refs.~\cite{ZS79} and~\cite{JH13}
and it is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:sfres}.
The small value of ${\cal{S}}_{\rm{res}}$ reflects
the small percentage of spin 3/2 component in the $^7{\rm Be}$ GS.
\begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{Figure8_v3.eps}
    \caption{\label{fig:sfres}
      Bare astrophysical $S$-factor (blue dot-dashed line)
      to which it is summed a resonance structure in
      the ${}^4S_{3/2}$ wave (full red line). See text for more details.}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
To be noticed that our results are also consistent with the
R-matrix fit reported in Ref.~\cite{JH13}.
However, using the potential model which describes the resonance
in the $S$-factor data, we
were not able to reproduce the ${}^4S_{3/2}$ elastic phase shifts data.
In fact, as shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:phsres}, the ${}^4S_{3/2}$ phase shift
is badly underpredicted.
\begin{figure}[h]
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{Figure9_v3.eps}
    \caption{\label{fig:phsres}
      Elastic scattering phase shifts for the ${}^4S_{3/2}$ wave
      calculated in the
      case of resonance (blue full line) and no resonance (red dashed line),
      are compared with the data of Ref.~\cite{SD11}.}
  \end{center}
\end{figure}
Therefore we can conclude that by including the resonance structure
in the  ${}^4S_{3/2}$ wave, we obtain a nice description of the $S$-factor
data, but we destroy the agreement between theory and experiment for the
elastic phase shifts. This put under question the
real existence of the resonance structure proposed in Ref.~\cite{JH13}.

\section{Summary and Conclusions}
\label{sec:concl}

We have evaluated the astrophysical
$S$-factor of the $^6{\rm Li}(p,\gamma)^7{\rm Be}$
radiative capture reaction using a two-body cluster approach.
The intercluster potential parameters are fitted to reproduce
the bound state properties of $^7{\rm Be}$ and the scattering phase shifts for
all the partial waves of interest.
The wave functions are calculated solving the
Schr\"odinger equation with the Numerov method.

The theoretical $S$-factor underestimates,
although not dramatically, the experimental values.
This is not surprising, since we have neglected in this first step
the internal structure
of the involved nuclei. When we introduce a spectroscopic factor,
which takes care of this, we obtain a nice agreement with the data.
Furthermore, we have reviewed the phenomenological calculations present
in literature, and this has allowed us to estimate the
theoretical error on the $S$-factor calculated within this two-body
approach.

We have also studied the photon angular distribution. Comparing our calculations
with the available data, we obtain a good description
of the angular distribution for the capture to the GS of $^7{\rm Be}$.
For the capture to the FES, the description is less accurate,
and this can be traced back to the poor knowledge
of the $P$ and $D$ waves phase shifts.
Furthermore, we have used our calculation of the photon angular
distribution to study the effect on the experimental error budget
for those experiments which measure the $^6{\rm Li}(p,\gamma)^7{\rm Be}$
cross section using a fixed angle apparatus.

Finally, we have introduced in our study the resonance-like structure
proposed in Ref.~\cite{JH13}. If the resonance is introduced
in the ${}^2S_{1/2}$ or in the ${}^2D_{3/2}$ waves, we obtain results
completely inconsistent with the phase shifts and S-factor data.
When
the resonance is introduced in the ${}^4S_{3/2}$ wave,
a nice description of the $S$-factor data is achieved.
However, we are not able to reproduce consistently
the ${}^4S_{3/2}$ elastic scattering phase shifts.
We can conclude therefore that the presence of
a resonant structure cannot be accepted in our theoretical
framework.

\section*{Acknowledgement}
The Authors are grateful to the LUNA Collaboration, and especially
R.\ Depalo, L.\ Csedreki, and G.\ Imbriani, for comments and useful
discussions. The Authors acknowledge useful discussions with R.J. deBoer,
who suggested to perform the theoretical investigation of the angular distribution.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


"Great Speakers do not have to be expensive they just have to be great."
Concord Regional Visiting Nurses Assoc.
Photoimaging Man and Dist Assoc.
Public Utilities Risk Management Assoc.
Panasonic Home and Health Co.


Researchers from the University of Adelaide have found a new link between the brain's immune system and the desire to drink alcohol in the evening.
In laboratory studies using mice, researchers have been able to switch off the impulse to drink alcohol by giving mice a drug that blocks a specific response from the immune system in the brain.
Now published in the journal Brain, Behavior and Immunity, this research is one of the first of its kind to show a link between the brain's immunity and the motivation to drink alcohol at night.
"Alcohol is the world's most commonly consumed drug, and there is a greater need than ever to understand the biological mechanisms that drive our need to drink alcohol," says lead author Jon Jacobsen, PhD student in the University of Adelaide's Discipline of Pharmacology.
The researchers focused their attention on the immune receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). They administered the drug (+)-Naltrexone (pronounced: PLUS-NAL-TREX-OWN), which is known to block TLR4, to mice.
"Our studies showed a significant reduction in alcohol drinking behaviour by mice that had been given (+)-Naltrexone, specifically at night time when the reward for drug-related behaviour is usually at its greatest," Mr Jacobsen says.
Senior author Professor Mark Hutchinson, Director of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics at the University of Adelaide and leader of the Neuroimmunopharmacology lab in which this work was conducted, says these findings point to the need for further research to understand the implications for drinking behaviour in humans.
This research has been funded by the Australian Research Council (ARC), the US National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.


Early bird or advance registration deadline is January 11. The cost is $195 for General/Faculty ($225 after) and $90 for students ($100 after).
This year's conference brings in two very well respected scholars. Terisa Siagatonu will give a performance the first day, and Dr. Dyan Watson, a workshop the second day.
Once again, we'll host our Globalization Conference at the Northern Quest Resort & Casino in Airway Heights, WA. Great food. Great fun. Great learning.
GDE is a supportive and challenging environment for scholars and activists to engage in stimulating and at times difficult dialogue on today's educational issues.
The 2018 Globalization Conference brought together over 150 scholars from 35 Institutions and Organizations to share research, dialogue, and strategize deeper ways of working together for greater justice in schools and communities. The energy and commitments to rejecting racist policies and practices and mobilizing higher education, k-12 education and community organizations for equity and justice was powerful to witness.


text:
Uday Khemka is an Indian angel investor, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. He is known for contributions to the climate change sector in India and his work with SUN Group. He has collaborated with Bill Clinton, Narendra Modi, and other political figures in the field of climate change.

References

20th-century Indian businesspeople
Indian philanthropists
Harvard Business School alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Angel investors

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Welcome to Dotson Outdoors. Whether you're new to the outdoors or an experienced veteran, Dotson Outdoors is the one-stop destination for all your Outdoor needs. Based a little more than 60 miles west of Nashville, we carry a wide range of the top brands of guns, ammunition, fishing tackle, boating electronics, trolling motors and much more. . And we have it at the lowest prices. Take a look for yourself and find out why shopping is easier and more friendly in Tennessee.


5 Ways to Reuse and Repurpose Old Clothing?
It is sad that your favorite piece of clothing is going to get old and become unwearable. You might also outgrow the clothing. Rather than throw it in the garbage bin, you can give it a new lease of life by reusing and repurposing the old clothing. Most of the clothing materials retain the good qualities that make them good enough for wearing or for other purposes. Here are five ways you can upcycle, reuse and repurpose those old garments.
A strong shirt can make a great shopping basket. It only needs a few snips and stitches, and you are good to go. Start by cutting off the sleeves and the collar of the t-shirt. Make a hem at the bottom and draw out the shape of your bag. Stitch around the sides and the bottom of the bag. Cut slits on the side of the bag and make a large slit at the top for the handle.
You can transform a collared shirt into something else and keep wearing it. For example, you can cut off the collar of the beau's shrunken polo and sew it to create a feminine shirt. You can also repurpose the shirts to make different tops and camisoles.
The old clothing can be recycled as pillow fillings and repurposed to pillow casings. The wooly sweaters make good pillow casing material for your sofa pillows and even outside couches. You can embroider the pillows with buttons from other clothing and make superb cuddly pillows for daily use.
Your worn-out jeans and clothing made of tough material can make great denim rugs for use in your living room. You can cut different sizes and shapes of the rugs from the materials depending on the size of the clothing and the desired shape. For the woolen materials, you can use them as mops in your corridors and the kitchen.
Do you love the message and the graphics of your old t-shirt? If so, retain the message and graphics by creating a scarf. You will cut the T-shirt on one of the seams and the cut a scarf on the entire length of the T-shirt. You can sew up more than one T-shirt to make a long repurposed scarf.
Do you have old clothes at home? Do not throw them away. Recycle them.


text:
Grapevine Police Department Asks for Public's Help in Identifying Theft Suspect
Officers discovered more than 40 storage units had been broken into
Published February 24, 2021 • Updated on February 24, 2021 at 12:58 pm
Grapevine Police Department
The Grapevine Police Department is asking for the public's assistance in identifying a thief who took advantage of storm victims last week.
According to police, the suspect was caught on surveillance video breaking into a storage unit at StoneLedge Apartments on Friday at approximately 2 a.m.
Police said many residents were gone because their water was shut off and power was out due to storm damage.
While taking a police report, officers discovered more than 40 storage units had been broken into, police said.
According to police, the suspect was wearing red, black, and white plaid pants, a red shirt, black gloves, black jacket, black mask, and a black Nike cap.
Police said anyone who recognizes the suspect should call detectives during business hours at 817-410-3200 or the non-emergency line after hours at 817-410-8127.
Grapevinewinter stormGrapevine PoliceTheft

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
est une espèce de mollusques gastéropodes marins de la famille des Conidae.

Comme toutes les espèces du genre Conus, ces escargots sont prédateurs et venimeux. Ils sont capables de « piquer » les humains et doivent donc être manipulés avec précaution, voire pas du tout.

Description

La longueur maximale enregistrée de la coquille est de .

Distribution
Locus typicus : « Off Utila Isl, Bay Islands, Honduras ».

Cette espèce est présente dans la mer des Caraïbes au large du Honduras.

Niveau de risque d'extinction de l'espèce
Selon l'analyse de l'UICN réalisée en 2011 pour la définition du niveau de risque d'extinction, cette espèce est endémique de la côte nord du Honduras et se trouve également au large de l'île d'Utila. Il n'y a pas de menaces connues. Cette espèce est classée dans la catégorie " préoccupation mineure ".

Taxinomie

Publication originale
L'espèce Conus sunderlandi a été décrite pour la première fois en 1987 par le malacologiste américain  dans « Charlottesville, Virginia: The Coastal Education and Research Foundation ».

Synonymes
 Conus (Dauciconus) sunderlandi Petuch, 1987 · appellation alternative
 Gradiconus sunderlandi (Petuch, 1987) · non accepté

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Liens externes
 Identifiants taxinomiques : CoL : XYD7 - GBIF : 6510624 - iNaturalist : 432217 - IRMNG : 11706074 - TAXREF : 141198 - UICN : 192695 - WoRMS : 428374
 Edward James Petuch, portrait sur www.conchology.be

Bibliographie
 Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009) Systematic classification of Recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Hackenheim : Conchbooks. 296 pp.
 Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). Un, quatre ou 100 genres ? Une nouvelle classification des escargots à cônes. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81 : 1-23

Espèce de gastéropodes (nom scientifique)
Conidae
Gastéropode décrit en 1987


About 1 in 8 U.S. women will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of their lifetime. In 2015 about 2,350 new cases of breast cancer in men will be diagnosed as well. Survival rates for women and men are similar depending on the stage of cancer at the time of diagnosis. Most of us have had, a family member, or close friend who has been diagnosed with breast cancer, and understand the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Comanche County Memorial Hospital (CCMH) is preparing to launch its first ever comprehensive breast program and we are asking for your support to do it. The funds raised will be used for the purchase of state-of-the-art digital mammography, tomosynthesis, stereotactic breast biopsy, risk assessment software, as well as other new technology and equipment to help win the battle against breast cancer. Our comprehensive, Center for Breast Health at CCMH will focus on the whole continuum of breast cancer to include: prevention, genetic counseling and early detection for those at high risk, through the entire process of diagnosis, treatment, and lifetime management.
Other features of the new service include a breast cancer Fast Track to achieve the goal of taking a patient from their initial mammogram, to diagnosing and creating a breast cancer treatment plan within a few days! Our hope is to identify and diagnose abnormal results immediately in order to get our patients on the road to a cure without unnecessary waiting and worrying.
With limited funding and growing needs we ask for your support. We hope you will choose to join us in helping provide our community with a state of the art Center for Breast Health, in Southwest Oklahoma.
One added benefit in making a gift now, is that the McMahon Foundation will match all gifts up to $250,000 so your gift can be doubled if made by December 31, 2015. We hope you will join us in making this happen.
PLEASE HELP US BY MAKING A DONATION TODAY!
To make monthly contributions, please select an amount below and signup through PayPal! You can select "Other" and then select "Make This Recurring" after entering your own amount.


This report focuses on the Dental Implants in global market, especially in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East and Africa. This report categorizes the market based on manufacturers, regions, type and application.
EU is the largest supplier and consumption market of Dental Implants, with a production market share nearly 39% and sales market share nearly 44%. The second place is North America; following EU with the production market share of 33% and the sales market share over 27%.
There are many dental implant manufacturers. The top five are Straumann, Nobel Biocare, Dentsply/Astra, Biomet/3i and Zimmer. In 2014, their production market share was about 50%. Among the key manufacturers, many manufacturers come from developed countries.
5. Key consumers and manufacturers of dental implant are concentrated in developed counties. The gross margin is high, and the price of raw materials is relatively stable. The consumption growth rate of developing countries is higher than global average growth rate. The development of dental implant industry in developing country will be bright.
The worldwide market for Dental Implants is expected to grow at a CAGR of roughly 7.9% over the next five years, will reach 7230 million US$ in 2023, from 4590 million US$ in 2017, according to a new GIR (Global Info Research) study.
There are 15 Chapters to deeply display the global Dental Implants market.


Øredev is a concentrated set of opportunities all in one place!
We invite you to participate in a one, two or three day course.
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Because at Øredev these courses are run by company founders, thought leaders, or others with significant experience and standing in this field. They really know what they are talking about! And they know how to make it happen.
So come get the real stuff!
Then, since we run different courses and workshops over the same period, you can meet your peers during the coffee breaks and lunches. We create a pleasant atmosphere to allow you to relax and mingle as you see fit.
The above prices include lunch, coffee and all documentation.


Alex Salmond says an independent Scottish government could negotiate with Brussels to secure its place in the European Union. Scotland is resource rich, he says: Scotland has oil and fish, so the EU has to give us terms and let us in.
The government of an independent Scotland could negotiate all it wants, but there is just one end for any small country in the EU: obedience to the goals of the European project as directed by Germany.
I am an Irish journalist who has covered this project for years. I have seen what the EU has done to Ireland in the name of 'saving the euro' and 'completing the European project.' The EU has stripped out Ireland's sovereignty, destroyed its banking system, destroyed its domestic economy and its workforce, compelled its young people to emigrate, taken control of its domestic budgets, and forced £55bn debt onto the shoulders of its citizens which they will never be able to repay.
And through it all, Irish government ministers have been in and out of Brussels to 'negotiate' terms with the EU institutions. They might as well have stayed home.
Just last month I waited at the European Council headquarters until 4.30 in the morning for the end of yet another crisis meeting of the eurozone finance ministers. After the meeting broke up, I found the Irish finance minister exhausted and alone in the dark – not an aide, not an advisor, no one with him – outside the VIP entrance to the council.
Some 'VIP'. Nobody had even sent a Merc to fetch him. Despite the dozens of international journalists crowding just a few feet behind us, piling in with microphones and questions for any important minister they could find – the German, the French, or the European Central Bank chief Mario Draghi – no one except me wanted to talk to the Irish minister.
Why should they? He mattered not at all, the negotiating position of his small country mattered not at all. He was not the German, nor the French, nor the ECB.
If Mr Salmond negotiates long enough, he will one day join some Irish minister in the pre-dawn Brussels damp, waiting alone and ignored, hoping for a people carrier to turn up eventually to take him to a hotel bed. Meanwhile the European Commissioner for Economics, Monetary Affairs and the Euro will sweep past him in a chauffeur-driven BMW. That is the certain fate of a European Scotland, resource-rich or not.
Which is why I was surprised at the alarm in Scotland when José Manuel Barroso repeated the EU line that Scotland would have to apply for membership if it left the United Kingdom. Scotland would no longer be a member state of the EU once it became independent. Most Scots seemed to see this as a threat. That is what surprised me. It wasn't a threat. It was an opportunity. Mr Barroso was handing the Scots a Get Out of Jail Free card.
Yet alas freedom from the EU is not the reason Mr Salmond wants Scotland out of the UK. Quite the opposite. The SNP leader still seems to think that being a member state of the EU would be good for Scotland.
It is not up to me to say whether Scotland would be better off inside the British Union or outside it. That is a decision for the Scots alone. But I have the experience to judge whether a small country such as an independent Scotland would be better off inside the European Union or out. It would be better off out, and not least because Scotland in the EU could not in any way be independent. It would merely be out of one union and into another: and if you don't like being run from Westminster, you really, really aren't going to like being run from a Berlin-dominated Brussels.
What the EU elite have planned now – at the instigation of the Germans, who say that since they are paying for the national bail-outs, they want to take charge of the national budgets - is to eliminate the last genuine independence of any of the member states.
This has already started with the member states inside the single currency. Many nationalists seem to think it will be up to them to decide whether Scotland will go into the euro or not, so they could resist such moves against national sovereignty.
The fact is, an independent Scotland could not negotiate an opt-out from the euro. The United Kingdom was able to negotiate a permanent opt-out because it had the economic and political muscle only a big country has. Denmark was able to negotiate an opt-out because it acted at the time of the Maastricht Treaty of 1992. Danish voters rejected the treaty in a referendum. The only way the European elite could get the voters to say yes in a second vote was if they were promised, among other things, they would never be forced to join the euro. Denmark had leverage.
An independent Scotland would have no such negotiating power as the Danes and the British had. I've heard Mr Barroso repeat it several times in the last few weeks: 'The euro is the currency of the European Union.' If a state wants in, they must commit to joining the euro. There is no room for negotiation on that.
Yet joining the euro would be disastrous for Scots. There is the whole nightmare of pension pots held in sterling, of course, and upheaval to trade with the remainder of the UK, and the loss of control over interest rates and influence over exchange rates, and being strapped into debt and deficit targets, and soon, cuts to social welfare, set by the Germans.
But there is far greater damage the euro can do, and has done, to a small EU member state.
One of the reasons given in Scotland, as in Ireland, for membership of the EU is the money handed over by various European projects. Ireland for a generation deluded itself into thinking that membership of the EU guaranteed it free money.
Then after the crash, and the debts which the EU forced onto the shoulders of the Irish people in order to pay off the German banks and others who held bonds from Irish banks, Colm McCarthy, an economist at University College Dublin, did the sums.
In short, the small EU country most like Scotland has surrendered its sovereignty and gutted its democracy in return for a net gain of zero.
The only question is: will the Scots learn from that?
Scotland can be independent, or it can be a member of the United Kingdom, or it can be a member of the EU. Choice of one.


Southwest Foodservice Excellence, LLC is proud and excited to partner with Alamo Heights ISD in enhancing our customers quality of life through fresh and wholesome food, a strong focus on nutrition and unparalleled customer service.
We strive to achieve the highest possible level of happiness and satisfaction with our students, parents, teachers, administrators and foodservice employees by providing our service in a way that is healthy and fun for our students, well-received by our parents, popular with our teachers, trusted by administrators and sensitive to our employees.
The Alamo Heights Child Nutrition Office is located on the Alamo Heights High School Campus.
Attention: Child Nutrition Services, 7101 Broadway, San Antonio, TX 78209.


We are pleased to offer this modern purpose built one bedroom apartment within minutes walk to Dalston Lane overground station, buses to the City and shopping facilities.The property benefits from double glazing, modern fully tiled bathroom and fully fitted kitchen with integrated appliances, viewing highly recommended.
We are delighted to offer this charming and spacious period conversion set on the raised ground floor of this stunning four storey Victorian house. Immaculate presentation throughout. Newly installed bathroom. Balcony and own section of garden. Sought after Dalston location offering great transport links. Offered unfurnished. Available early June.
Newly refurbished 1 bedroom flat in Haggerston. Excellent natural light throughout, with separate living room that has a Juliet balcony, newly fitted kitchen and bathroom. Less than 5 minutes walk to Haggerston station.
We are pleased to offer selection of brand new studio flats with a fully fitted kitchen on the 2nd and 3rd floors, available immediately, 5 minute walk to Dalston Junction station or Haggerston Station.The property comprises of:-Double room-Fully fitted kitchen-Tiled shower room and WC-Double glazing-Wood flooring-Available immediately-Local shops on your doorstep!
Detailed DescriptionThis is a modern double room, well-presented totally furnished.* This large double room can be used for a couple.* Fully fitted Kitchen and 1 common bathroom.* All bills inclusive - council tax, water, electricity & gas (subject to usage)* Free Internet.* Free cleaning service.* 24/7 Maintenance & emergency Line.* Nice and friendly roommates.
A bright one bedroom apartment with warehouse features, open plan kitchen/reception, bathroom and private balcony. Located close to Haggerston over ground station, bus links and amenities. This is a live/work unit offered unfurnished.
The property features a large reception room, with bay window, family bathroom, double bedroom, and separate kitchen, leading onto rear garden.Located a short walk from Dalston Junction and vibrant shops and markets.
Gorgeous one double bedroom property with wood flooring throughout and brickwork feature in the bedroom. Next to london fields and just a 10 minutes walk to the station!This property is full of character and features a spacious reception, modern kitchen, large double bedroom with open Brickwork and bathroom.Ideally located next to the green open spaces of Popular London Fields and Broadway Market.
A two double bedroom, second floor period conversion flat. Comprising of Reception Room, Kitchen, Bathroom/WC. Situated in the heart of Hackney Central within short walking distances of Hackney Central br Station, Hackney shopping parade and supermarket.
Huge Warehouse Conversion, Open Plan Unit in the Heart of Haggerston, Original Wood Floors, Industrial Look, Natural Light, Would suit Artist / Photographer.


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How persistent and universal has the two child family ideal been in Europe during the last three decades? We analyze responses of women of reproductive age from 168 surveys conducted in 37 countries in 1979–2012. A two-child ideal has become nearly universal among women in all parts of Europe. Countries that used to display higher ideal family size have converged over time toward a two-child model. Six out of ten women in Europe consider two children as ideal, and this proportion is very similar in different regions. The mean ideal family size has become closely clustered around 2.2 in most countries. Gradual shifts can be documented toward more women expressing an ideal of having one child (and, quite rarely, having no children) and a parallel decline in an ideal of three or more children. An increasing number of European countries saw their mean ideal family size falling to relatively low levels around 1.95–2.15. However, with the exception of one survey for eastern Germany and two of the surveys not included in our study owing to high nonresponse or low sample size, none of the analyzed surveys suggests a decline in mean ideal family size to levels considerably below replacement, i.e., below 1.9 children per woman.


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@interface Latitude_ParserDelegate : Parser_Item_Child_Template
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Help protect birds found nowhere else in the world by volunteering with Audubon Florida's Jay Watch program.
Photograph by All Canada Photos, Alamy
Florida by Land: Be a Citizen Scientist
Citizen scientist data collection give visitors the opportunity to experience the state in an even more meaningful way.
ByMaryellen Kennedy Duckett
No science degree is required to participate in important research and preservation efforts designed to protect Florida's flora and fauna. Citizen scientist data collection and survey projects are available statewide and give visitors the opportunity to experience the state in an even more meaningful and memorable way.
Invasive Lionfish Program, Reef Environmental Education Foundation (REEF), Key Largo
Nonnative, or exotic, fish species can harm Florida's native ecosystem. One of the most notorious of these invaders is the Indo-Pacific lionfish, which is beginning to cause dramatic ecological and economic impacts to marine habitats throughout the Florida Keys, as well as the western Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico. "Lionfish have voracious appetites, reproduce rapidly, and lack controlling predators," says Martha Klitzkie, REEF director of operations. "Recreational snorkelers and divers can help combat this exotic species on their next vacation to the Florida Keys by attending a lionfish collecting and handling workshop, reporting any lionfish sightings and removals online, assembling a team to participate in a REEF Lionfish Derby, or ordering lionfish at a local restaurant or catching and preparing a lionfish dinner using a recipe from REEF's Lionfish Cookbook." Visit REEF's headquarters in Key Largo to learn more or to pick up lionfish collection-and-handling equipment such as pole spears, nets, dry bags, and puncture-resistant gloves.
Audubon Jay Watch, Audubon Florida, Various Locations
If you're a snowbird in Florida, consider getting involved in your home-away-from-home community by becoming a Jay Watch volunteer. You'll be trained by Audubon Florida to do scientific assessments of nesting success and counts of Florida scrub-jays at about 50 sites in 19 counties. Since the early 1800s, the state's population of Florida scrub-jays is estimated to have declined by 90 percent. "The Florida scrub-jay, the state's only endemic bird species, is threatened, largely due to the loss of its native scrub habitat," says Audubon Florida communications manager Jonathan Webber. "Jay Watch is a Florida outdoor experience like none other. It offers volunteers the opportunity to complete important citizen science work and help protect a bird found nowhere else in the world, all while enjoying some of the state's most magnificent public lands." Jay Watch trainings are conducted multiple times a year in various locations throughout the state.


Another busy week on the ice was headlined by the 65th Annual Beanpot Tournament, which saw Harvard take home the title for the first time since 1993. Plenty of other action to sink your teeth into as the season begins to wind down, but that doesn't mean things aren't heating up. Here are a few names that stood out with their respective performances as teams make their final push before the postseason.
Northern Michigan's goaltender Atte Tolvanen tallied two shutouts, bringing his shutout streak to five games.
The native of Vihti, Finland, tied an NCAA record as he recorded his fourth and fifth straight shutouts last weekend. The sophomore goalie made 39 saves in Friday night's 3-0 victory against Alaska. On Saturday, he tied the NCAA record with his fifth straight shutout, making 48 saves in a 2-0 win. His current shutout streak of 335:39 is second all-time behind only Blaine Lacher of Lake Superior State, who went 375:01 without allowing a goal in 1994. On the season, he has 2.40 goals-against average and a .923 save percentage.
Merrimack's Hampus Gustafsson notched the first hat trick by a Merrimack player in more than six years.
The senior forward virtually single-handedly led Merrimack to a 6-3 upset victory at No. 7 Boston College Friday night. The Ljungby, Sweden, native scored five points on three goals and two assists, including an assist on the game-winner, while also finishing a +4. It was the first hat trick by a Merrimack player in more than six years. He now has 24 points on the season with a team-leading 14 goals and 10 assists.
Harvard's Ryan Donato helped lead the Crimson to their first Beanpot title since the 1993 season.
The Boston, Massachusetts, native led Harvard to its first Beanpot title since 1993. In the Crimson's Beanpot tune-up Friday night against No. 6 Union, the sophomore forward scored four goals on an incredible 13 shots on goal in a 6-2 victory. On Monday night in the Beanpot final he scored a goal on three shots. For the two games, he finished with five goals, 16 shots on goal and a +4 rating. He now has 26 points on the season on 16 goals and 10 assists.


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Q: is it possible to define xml schema for a word document to be created by POI lib? I have to generate word documents from my application against a entity which will contain some information about that entity, for this i am using POI.     But while using POI i have to decide like where i have to create a paragraph, where i have make text bold\italic etc based on a configuration in entity object which i could easily handle in the code.
          But is there any way so that i can just define all these style/alignments etc information in any XML/XSL or in any other type of config so i can get rid of styling in my java code ?

A: Regarding your title question, see Where can I find the XSDs of DOCX XML files?
Regarding your body question,

But is there any way so that i can just define all these
  style/alignments etc information in any XML/XSL or in any other type
  of config so i can get rid of styling in my java code ?

Yes, of course, and it would be a wise design decision to do so.  Since DOCX is OOXML (within OPC) your XSLT will be able to generate OOXML character level formatting via w:rPr settings such as w:b, w:i, etc.
The challenge you'll be facing, however, is that you'll be forgoing the convenience provided by the POI API.  You'll also have to reconstruct the OPC if you want to produce a proper DOCX file rather than just an importable OOXML file.  For small projects, the learning curve required to wield OOXML directly is likely to be too steep to merit a direct-to-OOXML approach.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Home » FYI: News Briefs in HVAC - May 17, 2021
NewsFYI
FYI: News Briefs in HVAC - May 17, 2021
KEYWORDS HVAC industry news / hvac news briefs
For your information news briefs from a wide variety of categories within the HVAC industry. Price increases, mergers and acquisitions, award winners, and more are highlighted here each week.
PRICE INREASE
Hercules Industries (Denver) announced price increases on select products, which will increase in price by an average of 15%.
SPX Cooling Technologies Inc. (Overland Park, Kansas) is increasing prices of Marley, Recold, and SGS Refrigeration products to offset commodity increases.
International Environmental Corp. (Oklahoma City) announced an average price increase of 6% for all commercial HVAC equipment and parts. This price increase will be effective as early as June 15, 2021.
Mestek Inc. (Westfield, Massachusetts) acquired the baseboard assets of
Slant/Fin (Greenvale, New York).
Madison Industries (Chicago) announced an agreement to acquire Nortek Air (O' Fallon, Missouri).
Canarm Ltd. (Brockville, Ontario, Canada) named Sean McDowell vice president of Canarm's HVAC Business unit. Doug Matthews, Canarm vice president of HVAC, has announced his retirement in the coming few years.
Southern HVAC Corporation (Maitland, Florida) acquired Mission Plumbing,
Heating and Cooling (Shawnee, Kansas).
Abacus Plumbing, Air Conditioning & Electrical (Austin, Texas) partnered with Austin's new professional soccer team, Austin FC.
Tempo Inc.'s (Irving, Texas) board of directors has voted Brian Mount as the next CEO of Tempo Inc.
Winsupply Inc. (Moraine, Ohio) purchased the assets of Allegheny Pipe & Supply (Coraopolis, Pennsylvania).
APR Supply Co. (Lebanon, Pennsylvania) acquired four new branch locations in western Pennsylvania: Greensburg, North Hills, Plum Borough, and South Hills.
Munch's Supply (Hillside, Illinois) acquired API of New Hampshire & Delta T (Manchester, New Hampshire)
CASPR Group (Addison, Texas) named Charlie Suiter as its new vice president of distribution development.
Motion Industries Inc. (Birmingham, Alabama) named NSK (Ann Arbor, Michigan) 2020 Supplier of the Year.
EB&L Marketing (Skaneateles, New York) launched its new company brand: CHANGE HVAC Marketing.
Redwood Services (Memphis, Tennessee) named John Conway its chief operating officer.


In the real estate market, you will have different parties that will be involved. You will have the real estate referral agents in the real estate market as key players. The real estate referral agents will be involved with the referral of a buyer to a real estate agent. They will also ensure that they help the buyers in finding property in locations that they are not used to. You should thus get to hire the best real estate referral, agents. When you require the best real estate referral agents, you will have different aspects that you will need to have in mind. These are therefore given in the section that follows.
When you need to have the services of the best real estate referral agent, you will need to evaluate for the connections that they will have. With the nature of the job that the real estate referral agents will do, they will need to have connections with the real estate agents. It needs them to refer their clients to the realtors, and for this reason, they will need to have good networking. You should hence get to choose for the services of a real estate referral agents who will have links with many of the real estate agents.
The reviews that people will give concerning the real estate referral agent will be an element to think about. You will need to ensure that you do some groundwork that will see you get the best real estate referral agent. You can ask for the guidance from those who have had the services of the real estate referral agents. You can also seek reviews from the websites and social media.
When you need the best real estate referral agent, you will need to consider the licensing. The licensing of the real estate referral agent will be after they have undertaken some training in this area. It will be necessary to think of the licensing since it will equip the real estate referral agents with the laws and regulations that apply in this industry.
For you to have the services of the best real estate referral agent, you will need to consider the cost of their services. Once you have received the services of the real estate referral agent, you will need to compensate them. You require to ensure that you know the amount they will need. The real estate referral agent is paid as a commission from what is given to the real estate agents. The commission they ask for should be affordable as it will affect the amount that the agents will need.


$25.00 $29.95 Hardcover SEE Inside!
207 pages : 7.25 H x 1.00 D x 7.25 W inches 1.42 lbs.
How we live in cities—smaller, denser, smarter—is at the heart of this book, featuring an international collection of more than thirty homes that exemplify compact living at its best. The houses, apartments, and multifamily buildings and developments included make great architecture out of challenging locations and narrow sites. Focusing on dwelling spaces all under 1,000 square feet, it illustrates strategies for building which include urban infill, adaptive reuse, transforming and flexible living spaces, and micro-unit buildings. The projects range from a 344-square-foot studio apartment in Hong Kong that can be configured into twenty-four unique scenarios in a single space; to a townhouse-like London residence built in an old alley between two stately homes. A presentation of micro-scaled contemporary residences that demonstrate urban domesticity can be both compact and beautiful, in a tiny house.


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Gloria Woods DiMantova
March 4, 1934 - September 9, 2021
Gloria Woods DiMantova, of Brightview Independent Living in Westminster, MD, died peacefully September 9, 2021, her daughters by her side. Born March 4, 1934, in New York City to parents Walter and Rose Woods. Gloria was the eldest of four daughters, Virginia (deceased), Patricia, and Victoria, an especially weighty responsibility due to the profound deafness of her parents. Dedicated wife to Anthony DiMantova for 65 years until his passing in August 2019. Loving mother of Walter DiMantova (Polly Paulson), Lynda Castillo (deceased) (Robert), Sally Gugliemini (Michael), and Vanessa DiMantova (John Foran). Gloria spent her early years on Elizabeth Street in an apartment building owned and lived in by her grandparents, with a garden and chickens in the back, laundry lines linked between buildings, fire escapes, and all the magic of NYC living. Gloria was the hardest of workers, often holding multiple jobs. Her first was in a bakery as a teenager. She held a professional position on Wall Street for the president of The Bank of New York, a rarity for a woman of that time. She left that position to raise her four children. She held other jobs after her children were grown. No matter the position, she was always recognized for her unmatched work ethic. Always fashion and music forward, politically informed, and intellectually curious, Gloria loved her New York Magazine, The New York Times, and had a lifelong passion for reading and learning. Gloria and Tony traveled extensively and enjoyed seeing the world, often from the deck of a cruise ship. A proud New Yorker for almost 50 years, in 1981 Gloria and Tony moved to their 7 acre "gentleman's farm" on Cherry Tree Lane in Sykesville. She loved walking the property, reading in the gazebo, and hosting many wonderful family dinners. Gloria was an outstanding cook and aromas from her kitchen will always be remembered with delight. In 1984 Gloria became a grandmother and, from then on, she was known to many as GG. Gaining her license at the age of 52, if you happen to remember a tiny woman in a tiny sports car, driving around Sykesville with the license plate GG, that was her. During these years, much joy was found with her grandchildren running around the property, enjoying the pond, and, of course, seeing the annual crab apple fight. Gloria's greatest joy was being GG to Nicholas Anthony (Monica), Caitlin Emma (Adam), Dylan Christopher (Alicia), Sarah Elizabeth Rose, Samuel Woods (Erin), Tessa Clare, Jackson Woods, Mathew Michael (Nicole), and Adam Patrick (Ashley). Great GG to Axel Franklin, Nicholas Anthony Jr., Dominic Anthony, and Gianna Lena. They are a beautiful legacy she leaves behind. The family will receive friends Thursday, September 16 from 5-8pm with a celebration of Gloria's life starting at 7:30pm at Haight Funeral Home & Chapel, 6416 Sykesville Road, Sykesville. Interment Friday, September 17 at Garrison Forest Veterans Cemetery at 10am.
Gloria Woods DiMantova, of Brightview Independent Living in Westminster, MD, died peacefully September 9, 2021, her daughters by her side. Born March 4, 1934, in New York City to parents Walter and Rose Woods. Gloria was the eldest of four... View Obituary & Service Information
The family of Gloria Woods DiMantova created this Life Tributes page to make it easy to share your memories.
Gloria Woods DiMantova, of Brightview Independent Living in Westminster,...
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Attorney – Makris Law, P.A.
Dean Makris was born and raised in New Port Richey, Florida and has proudly called the Tampa Bay area his home since birth. He grew up playing sports such as soccer, basketball, and tennis. This is when Dean gained his competitive spirit. He graduated from J.W. Mitchell High School and went on to attend his undergraduate studies at the University of South Florida. At USF, Dean earned a Bachelor's Degree in Finance with a minor in Economics.
Thereafter, Dean enrolled in law school at Stetson University College of Law where he graduated in the top of his class. During law school, Dean interned with an international franchise company headquartered in Tampa, and additionally, was a judicial extern for the Honorable Virginia Hernandez-Covington of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida.
Most notably during law school, Dean clerked for one of the largest property insurance claim law firms in Tampa, Florida helping homeowners obtain what they were rightfully entitled to from their homeowner insurance carriers. This experience continued on as an attorney.
As an attorney, Dean has helped many many homeowners and commercial property owners with their insurance claims from submitting a claim to their insurance carrier through resolution. Unfortunately, litigation is often required to get you what you are entitled to from your insurance company. However, Dean has years of experience in litigating insurance claims in Court against some of the biggest insurance companies, and has ultimately obtained successful resolutions for his clients.
Dean prides himself on his competitive spirit to win and help others, and his relentless work ethic. For these reasons, Dean has decided to stay in his hometown and fight for the people against the big insurance companies.
Dean is a member of the Florida Bar, and is licensed to practice law in all Florida state courts, as well as, the Southern and Middle District federal courts in Florida.


Your primary source for in-depth knowledge of how payment industry works.
The purpose of this educational resource is two-fold. First, as technical experts in the payment industry, we want to help you gain better understanding of the industry (beyond "merchant services 101") and increase your knowledge of the payment management cycle. Second, as developers of an enterprise scale payment gateway and recurring billing management platform, we want to share with you our vision of technology that make various types of payment processing possible.
For the last 10 years, our team had to deal with almost every aspect of the enterprise payment processing software. From basic gateway functionality, to sophisticated subscription billing logic, to elaborate payment aggregation and remittance algorithms, our team had to overcome many challenges to satisfy ever-evolving needs of the rapidly expanding electronic payments industry.
This blog is our attempt to create an interactive learning resources for people who work in the payment processing industry and dealing with merchant services, payment gateways and payment processing in general on daily basis. We attempt to cover the most relevant issues of the day and go reasonably deep in the technical details behind various payment processing concepts so that our readers can not only get informed, but also gain sufficient knowledge to advance their own development efforts.
We want to emphasize that our payment blog is interactive. Your questions are welcome and they will all get answered. If there a topic you would like us to cover, don't hesitate to let us know. We will research the subject of your interest and deliver our objective opinion or advice, taking into consideration our existing experience and know-how.
Our knowledge and experience in a condensed, comprehensive format at your convenience at Paylosophy.com. Begin your educational journey now!


Iris Anemone Paul was born in Swabia in 1977. She studied Communication Design at the University of Arts in Bremen. After completing her diploma, she moved on to Hamburg and began a Master course in the field of illustration at the University of Applied Science a few years later.
Iris Anemone Paul loves walking in the forest, her dog and her silk-screen table.


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I recently discovered another interesting Eat-All-You-Can Restaurant in Cebu. Chik Chow Food Express in General Maxilom Avenue is the only All-You-Can-Eat place that serves an authentic Chinese Lumpia. This place also boasts of delicious lengua estofado and roast pork. Chik Chow Food Express is a must-try for people who are looking for an affordable Eat-All-You-Can place in Cebu.
Chik Chow Food Express is a restaurant built in a house at Mango Avenue. It is near the USC North Campus area. It is just on the left, a few meters after you pass USC North from the CIC Junction in General Maxilom Avenue.
At Chik Chow, there are 2 kinds of rice: the plain rice and Chik Chow fried rice. The restaurant's fried rice is very good with pancit, lechon belly, and other "dry" food. I mostly ate plain rice because the restaurant's specialties have sauces that are more appreciated with the good old plain rice.
According to the owner Ervin "Chik" Lim, his dad's Lengua Estofado has always been a favorite among friends and family. When they opened Chik Chow, they made sure that the Lengua Estofado should be served every day. I can say that they really have one of the best lenguas in town. I really like eating lengua or tongue because it is meaty and flavorful. Their version is really tender and the sauce is just perfect for the rice. If you love this Spanish ox tongue dish then Chik Chow Food Express will be synonymous to All-You-Can-Eat Lengua Estafado. At 288 for lunch, it is definitely a bargain since this dish does not come cheap in other restaurants.
If the beef tongue is too exotic for you then your favorite dish here would be the roast pork. Just like the lengua, this is another Lim family favorite.
The Dinuguan at Chik Chow does not use any innards. The blood stew features only use meat. It is spicy and sour which makes it another great dish with rice.
When I ate here, I had at least 2 longanizas. It really looked appetizing even for a buffet dinner.
One difference between their lunch and buffet dinner is the inclusion of their lechon belly. The lunch buffet is 288 while the dinner buffet is 388. According to the owners, they roast their own lechon belly.
Not everyone is into eating meat. Some people go to buffets for seafood. Chik Chow also has some offerings for seafood lovers.
When I ate there they had some mussels or tahong. On some days, they would serve kinason or whatever seashell is available in the market.
They had some delicious and crunchy lato when I dined at the restaurant. On other days, it could be another type of seaweed like guso.
One of the best local appetizers is the crispy fried dilis which I usually enjoy with some onions, tomatoes, and vinegar. Chik Chow's version of this dish is pretty fun to eat.
For desserts, they have banana-choco, fruit salad, watermelon, and pineapple.
Chik Chow wants to pride itself with its Chinese dishes as well. They have some dishes that will definitely delight our Chinoy friends.
They serve some tender and well-flavored chicken dish. If you love this chicken part, you can have this the whole night at this Eat-All-You-Can restaurant.
Chik Chow also serves a delicious Chinese noodle dish, making this place a good restaurant to celebrate a birthday.
The owners are really proud of their authentic Chinese lumpia. It has 23 ingredients, including peanuts, garlic, and different kinds of greens. They really follow a family recipe that even the one who mans the lumpia station is part of the Lim family.
Here is a demo by Jesi Lim on how to make their special Chinese Lumpia.
Well, I am happy with their lumpia. I have been a big fan of Chinese lumpia since I was in High School. I can finish around 3 to 4 in one sitting. One of my favorite lumpia places then was in the basement of Robinson's Fuente. Well, Chik Chow's was pretty awesome. I was able to finish 2 and I think I could have finished more. It is actually one of the highlights of my buffet dinner.
Aside from the lumpia, I feasted on the memorable lengua and the all-meat dinuguan. Their meatballs in white sauce (I failed to take a photo!) were awesome too. In a buffet, I usually just pick 3-4 dishes that I focus on. Chik Chow has specialties that you want to go back to again and again. I will definitely come back here sometime in the future, but most likely during lunchtime because I am so partial to the lengua and lumpia.
Chik Chow opened last month. It is an affordable eat-all-you-can buffet restaurant that offers some Chinese, Filipino, and Spanish favorites. It is owned and operated by the Lim family who transformed their house in Mango Avenue into a restaurant. The one managing the business is Ervin, but the kitchen is ruled by his dad Edgar. They had these recipes for years and they usually enjoy their father's specialties during celebrations like birthdays, Christmas, and New Year. Now, Cebuanos will get a chance to taste what the Lim's were enjoying in the past years.
For inquiries and table reservations, you may call 032-255-9959, 0927-4671733, or 0923-4019402.
Why Cebu should eat at 21 Dubs Flavored Chicken Wings?


text:
One killed in I-70 crash involving semi-truck near Peoria
By: Ryan Osborne
PEORIA, Colo. – One person was killed in a crash involving a semi-truck on Interstate 70 near Peoria on Thursday afternoon, officials said.
The semi-truck had caught on fire, and the westbound lanes of the highway were still closed as of 3 p.m., according to the Colorado Department of Transportation. It wasn't yet clear who died in the crash, but Colorado State Patrol officials confirmed a fatality at the scene.
The crash happened shortly before 2 p.m. near Peoria Road.