The first active service engagement of an Australian Regular Army (ARA) unit.
Within 5 years of the last shots of World War II, Australia's three fighting services were helping the Americans throw the China-backed North Korean army across 'the 38th parallel' and out of North Korea.
In this war-with climatic extremes of cold and heat - the Australian called on every lesson he had ever learned in versatility.
He was, as this picture shows, equipped for the job.
Australian casualties in Korea (killed, wounded, missing) totalled 1,538.
The Korean War came as a surprise, even to the pessimists. On 23 June 1950, two days before the North Koreans invaded South Korea, the British philosopher, Bertrand Russell, arrived in Australia bearing tidings of moderate optimism. Interviewed at Sydney airport by respectful reporters, Russell had given the world a 50-50 chance of avoiding war in the next five years. Peace, he said, depended on firmness with the Russians-and not the United Nations, a body which, because of the veto system, he regarded as useless. 'If a minority can disagree and disobey a majority, what is the use of the organisation?' Russell asked the reporters.
Australia's contribution to the ground-forces in Korea was spoken of by experts as one of the toughest groups ever recruited for an Australian expeditionary force. Members of 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, they were hardened by weeks of solid battle-training on the battle-course at Haramura, Hiroshima Prefecture, once used by the Japanese Imperial Army as a training ground for tropic fighting. They are shown boarding the USNS Aiken Victory for the voyage to South Korean base before joining their American and British comrades of the United Nations Force.
Russell's optimism was shared by John Foster Dulles, then Republican Advisor to the US State Department, who said on 22 June 1950, that the strength of the Free-World forces so outweighed that of the Communists that there was little immediate danger of war.
The Australian newspapers were also hopeful. There was little mention of the growing danger in Korea, even though during 1949 and early 1950 increasing numbers of North Korean guerrillas had been crossing the border into the south.
There had been a tense border situation in Korea since the end of World War II when Russian and American troops had met one another at the 38th parallel and the country had been divided at that point between two camps-communist and capitalist. That was not what the newly-formed United Nations wanted. In 1945 the UN passed a resolution calling for the holding of UN-supervised elections over the whole of Korea. The Communists, however, would not allow the LA access to the north. UN-supervised elections were held in the south only and as a result of the election the Republic of South Korea came into being in August 1949, with Dr Syngman Rhee as President. Shortly afterwards, non-supervised elections were held in the north and North Korea became a People's Republic.
The birth of a new nation in the south made some people in Washington relax. A secret memo prepared by the US joint Chiefs of Staff in 1950 stated that from a military viewpoint it was not in the interest of the US to keep troops in Korea. The Americans, therefore, began a full-scale withdrawal. At the same time the Russians in the north began pulling their troops out.
As the troops withdrew, the bickering between the north and the south intensified. The Communists were belligerent. Early in June 1950, the North Koreans said that they would agree to UN-supervised unification talks provided that Rhee and 'other criminals' in the south were arrested. Then came the crunch.
At 4 am (Korean time), on 25 June 1950, the North Koreans crossed the border into South Korea. Immediately the UN called a meeting of the Security Council. Through one of those quirks of providence, the Russians were boycotting the Council, having been piqued by its refusal to unseat the representative of Nationalist China. Thus the Council, unhindered by a Russian veto, was able to carry a US-sponsored motion calling for the North Koreans to withdrawn from the south and asking member nations to re-establish peace in the area. Russell's objection to the UN, voiced two days earlier in Sydney, was sound enough. Luckily for the South Koreans, the weakness in the UN set-up was missing when a show of UN force was required.
On 27 June, the Americans committed air and sea forces to the support of the South Koreans. Two days later, the Prime Minister of Australia, Mr. R G Menzies, placed the destroyer Bataan and the frigate Shoalhaven at the disposal of the UN through US authorities. On the same day No 77 Squadron, RAAF, stationed in Japan, was alerted. One week after the invasion of South Korea, on 2 July, Australian Mustangs accompanied B29s of the 5th US Air Force on two bombing missions over Korea-and Australia became the first non-US nation to go into action on behalf of the South Koreans.
Meanwhile, things were going badly on the ground. The North Korean Army was moving south virtually unopposed. Late in June General Douglas MacArthur (who became Commander-in-Chief, UN Forces, on 7 July, ordered the airlift from Japan of 400 infantrymen and a battery of artillery. They arrived in Korea on I July. Two days later, two infantry battalions and supporting troops from the 24th United States Division were shipped to Pusan in the south east of Korea. Their job was to hold the North Koreans back while the UN forces consolidated their position at Pusan and built up their strength. The US Eighth Army arrived at Pusan and General Walton H Walker, in command of the Army, had his men build a defence line around Pusan, to be known as the Pusan Perimeter.
The situation was now serious enough for the UN to appeal for additional help. On 26 July, Australia announced that it would be sending troops to Korea. Great Britain and New Zealand also committed themselves. General MacArthur's immediate plan was to make a two-pronged attack on the enemy by an ing on the west coast at Inchon, the port of Seoul (the South Korean capital) , and at the same time breaking out of the Pusan Perimeter and driving the North Koreans back across the 38th parallel. On 12 September, American marines landed at Inchon at little cost to themselves-eight dead and twenty-eight wounded. The Eighth Army breakout from Pusan succeeded with the help of the 27th British Brigade, which had arrived from Hong Kong earlier in the month. By 29 September, Seoul and the whole of South Korea were in UN hands.
By now Australian troops were in Korea. The 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, had arrived in Pusan from Japan on 27 September. The 960 Australians, all of them volunteers, joined the 27th British Brigade to form the British Commonwealth Brigade.
On 9 October General MacArthur was given US approval to cross the border into North Korea. The British Commonwealth Brigade moved north across the 38th parallel in support of the Eighth US Army. The UN forces, in a mood for quick victory, rushed forward.
It was during the drive north to link up with the 187th US Airborne Regiment that the Australians tasted action for the first time in Korea. The British Commonwealth Brigade, spearheading the UN west coast Regiment Combat Team was cut off in the Yongyu area, north of Pyongyang, the North Korean capital. The American paratroopers occupied -in area about a mile to the north and between their two positions lay the enemy.
Australian troops began advancing on enemy positions and it was C Company's job to take an enemy-held orchard. Captain A P Denness, who led the C Company attack, ordered his men to fix bayonets and they advanced on the North Koreans under cover of a Sherman tank. When the Australians broke from cover and charged at the enemy positions, the North Koreans fled -and suffered heavy casualties. Meanwhile D Company had moved forward to the besieged Americans and the North Koreans were caught in cross fire from the Australians and the Americans. About 150 North Koreans were killed and 239 were captured. Seven Australians were wounded.
Recalling part of the battle afterwards, Brigadier B A Coad, commander of the British Commonwealth Brigade, said: 'All the fighting had to be done with infantry weapons and nothing else-the Bren gun, the rifle, the bayonet and the grenade. This was down the Australians' street. Their leading company led off and very soon they were under fire from three sides. The battalion deployed and, to give you an idea of the type of fighting, the CO (Lieutenant Colonel C H Green), put a company over a small hill and they killed about seventy North Koreans and went on.
The CO then moved up with his tactical headquarters and was immediately counterattacked and he had a grim battle with his small party. They accounted for another eight or nine, and they found a lot of dug-outs on the hill. They started setting fire to them and bolted a whole lot more. These North Koreans were not prepared to give up.
The battle of Yongyu was the beginning of a week of hard fighting for the Australians; fighting in which they were to lose seventeen dead and fifty-seven wounded.
The British Commonwealth Brigade continued its advance. On 25 October the Australians arrived at the Taenyong River, a mile south of Pakchon, which the Australians and the English had been ordered to take. The battle fought here-the Battle of Broken Bridge-was the first Australian action to make banner headlines in Sydney. The action began slowly, tentatively. Lieutenant A L Morrison took two sections of B Company's No 4 Platoon across the river on a bridge which had been partly demolished. When they reached the opposite side of the river they were met by fifty North Koreans-with their hands up. As the Australians edged cautiously towards their prisoners to-be, enemy fire broke out from surrounding hills-fire aimed both at the Australians and the Koreans. A reconnaissance plane reported that there were two enemy companies in the hills and Lieutenant Morrison decided to withdraw across the river. He took with him ten prisoners.
D Company crossed the river, and protected by mortars, artillery and jet fighters, cleared Pakchon by 6.30 pm and returned with 225 prisoners. Back at the river, a D Company platoon remained on the enemy side guarding American engineers building a ford.
For a while it looked to some as though there would be no more forward movement that night. The Americans accompanying the Australians were unable to get their tanks across the river that night and they suggested that the Australians wait until dawn and go across with them. The battalion commander, Colonel Green, decided against delay. He took two companies across that night and they dug in on the opposite bank. At first they were not bothered -the enemy believed that the Australians had retreated. Later the North Koreans found out that they were wrong and they kept the two companies under continuous fire.
Shortly before dawn on 26 October a Russian T-34 rounded a bend in the road and loomed hideously large in front of B Company headquarters, where fifteen Australians were taking the occasional, uneasy catnap. The tank moved to within about fifteen yards of the headquarters. Luckily, the tank crew were not particularly efficient. Ronald Monson, writing at the time in the Sydney Daily Telegraph, saw the tank incident this way: 'About an hour before dawn, an enemy T-34 tank rumbled up through abandoned jeeps and motor cycles and advanced to within twenty yards of B Company command post. B Company commander, Major Thirwell, and fourteen others were in the command post.
The shells sheared away all the sides of the sheltered post. But one shell blew off the head of an American forward observation officer. After the tank had finished shelling it went to within five yards of the post and machine-gunned. Then it withdrew to fifty yards and fired a parting salvo'.
That morning the battle for the bridgehead continued, with American Shooting Star jets in support of the Australians. By noon the battle was won and by nightfall the Australians had linked up with the Argylls who had crossed over up the river. The link-up made it safe for the whole Brigade to cross the river. The Australian cost of the Battle of Broken Bridge was eight dead and twenty-two wounded.
But Pakchon wasn't the end of the road north tor the Australians. The Battle of Chongju, remembered by some veterans as the most important battle of that hard-fought segment of the campaign, was awaiting them.
Chongju lies north-west of Pakchon and about forty miles south of the Manchurian border. The Australians advanced on Chongju on 28 October. As they did so a spotter plane reported strong enemy concentrations ahead. An air strike was called and Australian support tanks shelled enemy positions. Then the infantry moved in. This is how With the Australians in Korea * describes the action: 'Colonel Green ordered D Company under Major W F Brown, to attack with tank support. The North Koreans were still active and one Sherman tank was hit by an armour-piercing shell through the turret.
In two hours, by 4.30 pm, D Company had secured the ridge, while Captain W J Chitts, by 5.30 pm, had attacked and secured a stiffly defended ridge north of the road. By nightfall D Company was dug in on a paddy field to the left of the road, with A Company on a pine covered slope to the right. B Company was in the centre astride the road and C Company in reserve just forward of battalion headquarters. The North Koreans had brought up reinforcements and kept up a harassing fire, although they had lost many tanks and several self-propelling guns.
At nightfall, from 8 o'clock until nearly midnight, the North Koreans made desperate attempts to push back the Australians. This determined counter attack had tank support while a self-propelled gun dropped armour-piercing shells up and down the road. The initial push came against a forward D Company platoon commanded by Lieutenant D J Mannett. 'We could hear them massing at the bottom of the hill,' Lieutenant Mannett said afterwards.
'Suddenly they were screaming and getting close, but our boys held their fire. They were ten yards away when we let go with everything we had!' A two-platoon charge cleared the road and the paddy field and saved the situation on the left. However, some North Koreans had infiltrated the front and got behind D Company, cutting it off from battalion headquarters, which was already under fire.
'Beaten back from their attempt to annihilate D Company, the North Koreans launched a "banzai" charge against A Company, dug in among the pine trees on the rising right of the road. T-34 tanks hurled shells into the Australian positions and the enemy were so close that defensive artillery and mortar fire fell only ten yards or so in front of forward A Company platoons. Again the enemy failed to dislodge the Australians from their positions covering the disputed road. After this attempt the enemy withdrew but kept up intermittent fire throughout the rest of the night.
The Australians lost eight men killed and thirty wounded in the battle and its aftermath. By morning when they continued to Chongju it was clear that organised resistance had crumbled. Though the battle was over, the tragedy was not. That night, while sleeping in his tent at Battalion headquarters, Colonel Green was hit and mortally wounded by a fragment of stray enemy shell. Though there were forty other men in the area at the time, none received so much as a scratch. Colonel Green's death was a bitter blow to Australians -both in Korea and back home. In Canberra, Members of the House of Representatives paid tribute to this fine soldier.
Chongju was the farthest north the Australians reached. It was left to the Americans to go on to the Yalu River, which marks the border between North Korea and Manchuria - a fact remembered a trifle bitterly by some Australian veterans. However, at the time, Brigadier Coad had decided that his men needed rest. He had asked the Americans to pass a Regimental Combat Team through his men.
The Australians were not to rest for long, however. The North Koreans had been pushed back to Manchuria and the Communist Chinese were in no mood to tolerate a defeat. They put an army into the field.
A sand-bagged observation post keeps out the snow. These men of C Company enjoy a rare burst of winter sunshine in Korea.
On 1 November Chinese units attacked the Eighth US Cavalry and split it in two. Later in the month, on 24 November came the big Chinese breakthrough at Tokchon. UN troops began a rapid retreat.
The retreat remains a bitter memory in the minds of most of the Australians in Korea at the time. It was bad enough that they appeared to be running. But it was made worse by numbing, bewildering cold, a cold unlike anything they had known-or imagined-in equable Australia. Gun metal froze in their hands. They had to sleep with their Bren guns to prevent the oil in them freezing. To keep warm, Australians wore layer upon layer of clothing. A typical outfit: woollen shirt, pullover, khaki service jacket, American windproof cotton jacket with pixie hood, windproof cotton trousers, two pairs of woollen winter socks and winter boots made of rubber to the instep-with leather uppers and thick inner soles.
The UN forces withdrew first to the 38th parallel and then across it. On 4 January 1951, Seoul fell once again to the Communists.
As 1950 drew to its bitter and freezing end, the Royal Australian Navy became involved in one of the trickiest and most dangerous naval operations in the war. Late in December, two Australian destroyers, the Warramunga and the Bataan, joined three Canadian destroyers and one American destroyer in a mercy mission to Chinnampo, the port of Pyongyang, where wounded UN soldiers and Korean refugees were waiting to be evacuated. The Chinese were advancing rapidly on the port.
Led by HMCS Cayuga, the mixed Dominion and American flotilla had to sail at night through a blinding snow storm into the mouth of the Taedong River and make their way thirty miles up the treacherous estuary to Chinnampo. There were tricky shoals and worse-minefields. The vessels managed to avoid the mines, but the Warramunga and one of the Canadian destroyers, the Sioux, went aground. They soon managed to free themselves.
Chinnampo was sighted at 3 am and the UN flotilla made into port at battle stations, anticipating an enemy attack at dawn. None came and throughout the day the allied sailors operated a ferry service in LST's, transports and junks between their ships and the port and evacuated between 7,000 and 8,000 wounded troops and Korean refugees. Before leaving Chinnampo, the destroyer fired 800 shells into military targets. They withdrew to a backdrop of a billowing, blazing, orange and red port.
Though this was probably the most impressive action in which the Australian Navy took part, Australian ships were kept busy from 1950 until the cease-fire in 1953. Late in 1951, after the peace talks had begun, an Australian frigate, the Murchison, commanded by Lieutenant-Commander Dollard, was part of a force responsible for showing the Communists that the UN meant business-peace talks or no peace talks. For more than 100 days small ships shelled positions along the Imjin River Line, north of the Han Estuary. Between them, Commonwealth ships spent a total of 235 days in the river and steamed some 2115 miles and tired 15,370 rounds. The Murchison was the veteran of the operation. She spent forty-four days on the river-fifteen days more than any other ship.
In October 1951, the Australian carrier, HMAS Sydney, replaced the British carrier, HMS Glory in Korean waters. Her pilots were immediately in action against the enemy. During one day of heavy action Sydney's aircraft made eighty-nine sorties, a record number of attacks for a carrier during one day iii the Korean theatre.
particular. Two Sydney pilots-Sub-Lieutenant M D MacMillan and Observer 1st Class J Hancox, were shot down while in a bombing mission in a Firefly north of the Han River.
Help was called and Sydney's planes kept a protective umbrella of fire around the stranded airmen. The airmen themselves were kept busy warding off the enemy with bursts of machine-gun fire from their crippled Firefly. At 4.20 that afternoon a rescue helicopter left the Sydney. On board were Aviation Pilot Babbitt, of San Diego, California, and Airman G C Gooding, of Los Angeles.
At 5.25 they spotted the stranded airmen. By this time the Meteors guarding the two men had left. Only the Sydney's Sea Furies remained and they were critically low on fuel. On the ground the two airmen faced an enemy in the background. The two Americans put their helicopter down beside the Australian airmen. Gooding jumped out and shot two of the enemy who had crept within fifteen yards of the downed Firefly.
He and the two airmen then clambered aboard the helicopter and the four men made for the Sydney, escorted by Sea Furies which had stayed in the air fifteen minutes beyond their fuel safety limit.
manned by 311 officers and 4196 men.
On dry land, in January 1951, the UN forces were regrouping after their retreat from the north. They had been sobered by the experience. There were to be no more headlong advances of the sort that had characterised the UN push north. This time Allied forces were going to probe forward cautiously on a broad front. During February and March UN forces began to push the Chinese slowly back. On 14 March American troops retook Seoul.
Then in April came a big enemy offensive. When it began, the Australians were stationed on the Kapyong River, north east of Seoul and just south of the 38th parallel. To the Australians in early April, Kapyong was just another Korean name. By the end of April it had become an epic in Australian military history. It was at Kapyong--on 23 and 24 April (Anzac Eve) 1951-that the most spectacular Australian action in Korea was fought. Here, the Australians, together with elements of 72 US Tank Battalion, the 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry and the Middlesex Regiment halted the Chinese.
The Australians and the Americans were assigned positions on ridges overlooking the Kapyong River and one of its smaller tributaries. As the Australians dug themselves in on the night of the 23rd, retreating South Koreans began to move through their positions. At first the troops came in a trickle but the trickle grew ominously. The Australians must have been wondering what was going to hit them, and when, but if they were anxious their anxiety did not show. They joked among themselves as they prepared their positions. After dark, the sounds of retreat became more nightmarish. The Koreans were now passing through at jog trot. Among the retreating men, NCOs wandered in bewilderment, imploring Australians and Americans for direction.
Recalling the situation, Captain R W Saunders, commander of C Company wrote: 'The clamour on our front became easily recognisable as that of a defeated army in retreat. I had heard it before in Greece and Crete and earlier in Korea. I must admit I felt a little dejected until I realised I was an Australian company commander and if my morale got low then I couldn't expect much from my troops. This served to buck me up and I lay down in a shallow trench and had a little sleep. The sound of small-arms fire woke me and soon after the crash of cannon in B Company's area. I could also see flashes of fire coming from the direction of Battalion headquarters and I realised that the enemy were now in a good position to cut off the companies'.
Soon Chinese were mingling among the retreating Koreans. Before midnight fighting had broken out around the Australian perimeter and inside battalion headquarters. Around 3 am the enemy began probing A, B and C Company positions. C Company was in reserve. No I platoon, A Company, was due to face one of the most devastating attacks of the night. Time and again the Chinese charged at the platoon's position, their dead piling on top of one another. Time and again the Australians drove the enemy back. Finally, however, the platoon was overrun and A Company commander, Major O'Dowd, hastily reorganised the company.
This time it was No 3 Platoon's job to take the brunt of the Chinese attack. This it did with such strength that the Chinese were thrown back. Later that morning No 3 Platoon retook the No I Platoon position without a fight. The Chinese fled before the advancing Australians so that, in the words of Major O'Dowd, they could not extract rent for the night's lodging'.
B Company, on the north of the road down which the enemy was advancing, came under fierce attack just before dawn. It was decided to move the company across the road to join the rest of the Battalion. It was a tricky manoeuvre but the Australians managed to cross the road-and catch forty Chinese prisoners on the way. Later that day B Company attempted to clear a passage across the Kapyong ford for an ordered general withdrawal to the Middlesex position to the west. This meant attacking the former Battalion headquarters, which, following the withdrawal of headquarters personnel, had been taken over by the Chinese.
During this action there was fierce hand to hand fighting. Eighty-one Chinese and four Australians were killed. However, the enemy regained the ford and when the withdrawal took place in the afternoon and evening it was along high ground south of the road and river. The business of the night had its farcical side. At one stage D Company, under heavy attack from the Chinese, decided to withdraw one of its Platoons -No 12- to safer ground. The withdrawal was carried out with such stealth that the enemy didn't know about it. At 3 am the enemy launched a full-scale attack, behind a mortar barrage, against a vacant No 12 Platoon position.
By I I o'clock on the night of 24 April, the Australians had withdrawn to the Middlesex Regiment's positions. The Australian stand, which had cost them thirty-one killed and fifty-eight wounded, had blunted the Chinese offensive and had held them up long enough for the Americans effectively to reinforce the Kapyong River front. It was a stand appreciated by American and Australian authorities.
After Kapyong, the Chinese made one more attempt to break through the UN lines but they were stopped by the Americans. The UN forces established strong defensive positions which see-sawed along the 38th parallel and the ground war became static. In July 1951, cease-fire talks began.
In April 1951 pilots from No 77 Squadron, RAAF, went to Japan to convert to Meteor jet fighters. It was time for the Australian pilots to face MIG fighters. They took some facing. UN pilots were not allowed to attack bases across the Yalu which gave the MIG pilots a huge advantage. They were able to take off when conditions were just right for them. They would attack in packs from out of the sun. UN planes caught by the MIGs were often low on fuel, but the MIGs always had fresh supplies. On top of all this, the Meteor was no match for the MIG. It is hardly surprising that the Australian pilots found fighting a frustrating business.
The first effective 77 Squadron hit against a MIG came in September when fifteen MIGs pounced on twelve Meteors over Anju in North Korea. Flight Lieutenant R L 'Snioky'Dawson fired a long burst from his cannon into a MIG. Smoke and liquid poured from the injured plane-but nobody saw it crash.
On 1 December the squadron had its toughest battle with MIGs for 1951. Twelve Meteors were jumped out of the sun by forty or fifty MIGs. The fighting was fast and furious and the Australians lost three pilots. Flying Officer Bruce Gogerly, a World War II veteran, hit a MIG. His No 2, Sergeant John Myers, said that he saw the MIG go into a dive leaking fuel. Others reported that one exploded in mid-air. Later another was seen screaming to the earth and several pilots claimed credit for this.
However, kills aside, the fact remained that the Meteors were no match for MIGs and the squadron was withdrawn from fighter interception duties. It was not the last the Australian pilots were to see of MIGs, however. In January 1952, the Australians returned to ground-attack duties and, in February, knocked tip a record monthly total of 1105 sorties. In the Spring the Chinese started to fly further south in their snub-nosed, swept-wing MIGs and the Australians again tangled with them-but this time at lower altitudes and with more success.
On 4 May, Pilot Officer W H Simmonds shot down a MIG-a sitting duck as he later described it. He fired a two-second burst into the plane. The burst crumpled the starboard stabiliser and probably hit the pilot. The plane did not take any evasive action and it hurtled earthwards through the clouds.
Almost a year later-on 27 March 1953-the squadron had its last successful tangle with MIGs. Sergeant George Hale shot one down and hit another over Sinmak, south east of Pyongyang. His wingman, Sergeant David Irlam, had his compass put out of action by enemy fire. He limped back to Kimpo air base, using radar direction. When he landed he found 112 bullet holes in his aircraft.
Throughout the Korean War, No 77 Squadron had an attached communications flight-which expanded into No 30 Transport Unit (which, in turn, evolved into No 36 Transport Squadron) . It was responsible for most of the aerial supply and evacuation of British Commonwealth Forces. In the first sixteen months of the war, the unit flew 1.4 million nautical miles in 10,000 hours.
In the three years of the war, RAAF Dakotas carried 100,000 passengers and 13.5 million pounds of freight and mail.
Having spent the day dismantling defence works in accordance with the Armistice Agreement, these two men of the 3rd Battalion, RAR, take their first look at the notice warning people to keep out of the clemilitarised zone.
Pictured during a battle exercise near the Korean truce line are an American tank driver of the US 6th Tank Battalion, and an Australian infantryman of the First Battalion. The Australians provided support for the 6th Battalion in the annual battle efficiency test of the American unit.
During the static war the most important Australian ground action was 'Operation Commando' which established the Jamestown Line just north of the 38th parallel, a line to be held by the UN forces until the armistice of 27 July 1953.
It was a tough action, lasting from 3 October 1951 to 8 October. British, Canadian and Australian troops were allotted the task of taking hilly ground on the UN's east central sector. Hill 317, one of the key objectives, was so steep on its eastern side that it could only be climbed on hands and knees.
The action was notable for bringing in one of the heaviest artillery barrages of the war. On the morning of 7 October, the Australians were subjected to a merciless hammering from Chinese shells. For three quarters of an hour the enemy pumped hundreds of shells into the Australian positions.
Luckily they were dug in well enough to come out of the shelling almost without a scratch and when the Chinese attacked, instead of finding a dazed and battered foe, they found an enemy bristling with armour and confidence. The Chinese attacked time and time again but they could not shift the Australians.
By 8 October, the Chinese were defeated and the three key hills in the area were in UN hands. The Jamestown Line had been established but at a high price for the Australians: twenty dead.
'Corporal Philpott said: "Our blokes are screaming to have a go. They'll be hostile if this blue finishes before they can get into it."
'He had no eye for the tank shells blossoming on Chinese positions across the narrow valley. He was brooding on the injustice of Panmunjon which was threatening to deprive good soldiers of their rights.
'There was no bravado in him. This twenty-five-year-old Australian was genuinely upset that somewhere up there in the place with the pancake-like name, would-be peacemakers were trying to spoil his fun. And the fun of hundreds of Australians yet to join him in this exposed trench.
'There was no bravado in him.. .' But had the mothers of the dead at Broken Bridge and Chongju and Kapyong and "Operation Commando" heard him speak thus they would have wrung their hands in impotent grief.
THE RECKONING: The Australian Army suffered 1,538 casualties in Korea. Of these 281 were killed and missing. Total United Nations casualties were estimated at 73,500 men KIA. The South Koreans fared worst-with 45,000 KIA. The Americans had 25,600 KIA and other UN member nations lost 3,094 dead.
The Republic of South Korea remained intact.


text:
Q: MultiValueDictKeyError at /new_search/realme-xt-pearl-blue-64-gb/p/i/realme-xt I want to capture the url parameters to views.How can I do it?
views.py
def new_search(request,linkadd,text):

    serch = request.GET['linkadd']
    link = request.GET['text']

html
{% for post in product_names %}

    {{ post.0 }}

{% endfor %}

urls.py
urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^new_search(?P<linkadd>)/(?P<text>)',views.new_search,name='new_search'),
]

I want to get link and text from the url "120.0.0.0:8000/1232-23232-32-2323sdsjdhjas/redmi"
assume :1232-23232-32-2323sdsjdhjas as link and redmi as text
but I get the error like this please suggest me how to do it
MultiValueDictKeyError at /new_search/realme-xt-pearl-blue-64-gb/p/itm731360fdbd273?pid=MOBFJYBE9FHXFEFJ&lid=LSTMOBFJYBE9FHXFEFJNVQVIV&marketplace=FLIPKART&srno=s_1_1&otracker=search&fm=organic&iid=a64429b9-99a5-405b-8edb-9d94934fb991.MOBFJYBE9FHXFEFJ.SEARCH&ssid=iprr3ut7io0000001598430215812&qH=23f6a0071022557e/Realme XT (Pearl Blue, 64 GB)
Please help me..Thanks in advance!!

A: I suggest doing something like this:
views.py
def new_search(request,linkadd,text):
    linkadd = request.GET['linkadd'] # another choice is linkadd = request.GET.getlist('linkadd')
    text = request.GET['text'] # another choice is text = request.GET.getlist('text')
    context ={
       'linkadd':linkadd,
       'text':text
    }
    return render(request,"my_template.html", context)

my_template.html
{{text}}

Here we consider app_name is my_app. Please try this.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Super Bowl XXXII Authentic Game Football
Decrease quantity for Super Bowl XXXII Authentic Game Football
Increase quantity for Super Bowl XXXII Authentic Game Football
Super Bowl XXXII Champions: Denver Broncos 31-24. Played at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California on January 25, 1998. Even "The Duke" NFL game ball gets dressed up for Super Bowl. Bring home the only officially sanctioned fan version of the Super Bowl game ball today. This handmade in America leather football is as close as a fan can get to the official game ball that's made 51 straight Super Bowl appearances and counting. The words, "Commissioner," "Made in the USA" and "Wilson" have been the only words to appear on the NFL Super Bowl game ball since the games officially began.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


OVEREXPOSED is an annual photography competition open to all photographers, photographers-to-be, photo enthusiasts or generally creative persons with access to camera nationwide. Overexposed started on 2010 and is now on its 7th year. This competition is brought to you by the University of the Philippines Circle of Engineering Students (UP CREST) , a duly recognized academic and engineering-wide organization of the 8 institutes and departments of the College of Engineering, UP Diliman.
Overexposed 2016 is part of UP CREST 20th anniversary activities.


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MEDIA LIBRARYNato Support
Marines study, experience European WWI battle
CAPORETTO, Slovenia — 35 Marines, staff and family members from U.S. Marine Forces Africa and U.S. Marine Forces Europe sweated up steep wooded grades, and charged down grassy hillsides overlooking the Soca Valley here during MarForEur's first Slovenian non-commissioned officer period of military instruction.
By Sgt. Lydia Davey Marine Forces EuropeAug 26, 2011
CAPORETTO, Slovenia -- 35 Marines, staff and family members from U.S. Marine Forces Africa and U.S. Marine Forces Europe sweated up steep wooded grades, and charged down grassy hillsides overlooking the Soca Valley here during MarForEur's first Slovenian non-commissioned officer period of military instruction.
One of the things we want to emphasize in the Marine Corps is professional military education," said Marine Corp Col. Lester Niblock, chief of staff for MARFOREUR. "So we selected infantry attacks by Rommel to highlight the importance of tactical decision making in warfare.What we're able to do is marry up Rommel's attacks with a map, then we isolated where specific tactical actions occurred and walked that route."
The group had spent two months preparing for the event with assigned readings, weekly classes and small group discussions about the famous WWI Battle of Caporetto.
"We've tried to take some concepts from the maneuver warfare doctrine, and really recreate the mindset (behind) Rommel's attack," said Niblock."When you talk about the OODA (observe, orient, decide and attack) loop, we can see that on a tactical level.Rommel sent his scouts out to find a weak point, a gap in the Italian defense, that they could exploit the next day.He observed, oriented, decided and attacked, and was able to roll up that portion of the rank, and bring in 1,000 Italian troops."
During the two-day event, the group visited the museum in Caporetto, Slovenia, and completed a walk along Rommel's famed attack route. The walk included a guided discussion along the 10 kilometer route, as well as a visit to an outdoor museum, where original Italian trenches and bunkers still exist.
"This event emphasized the importance of the strategic corporal and small unit leadership," said Marine Corp Cpl. Andrew Nackley, intelligence analyst with MarForEur."You could see where (Rommel) was tasking out a non-commissioned officer to go lead a detachment into a trench, and they would come back in a lot of instances with quiet good results.They ended up capturing four times the number of personnel they had. So he needed to have that faith in those enlisted soldiers to go out and perform those tasks."
Another important takeaway, according to Nackley, was the German initiative.
"You really saw that it was the difference-maker for the Germans," said Nackley. "The conditions were effectively the same (for the Germans and Italians). The weather was crappy, the terrain was tortured and the seasons were changing. And the Germans were quiet hungry and quiet stressed by the conditions, but they said 'The irons are hot, we're going to strike,' and by damn they did."
The value of such events, according to Niblock, is the chance to recreate the battle in the minds of today's NCOs in order to provide new examples of opportunities they can exploit on the battlefield.
"When they see their opportunities, they can take those opportunities, operating under the commander's intent, then, as the situation develops, report back," Niblock said. "They can develop the situation, exploit the situation, and continue the attack."
As the group traversed the rough terrain, they were impressed by how swiftly the Baden-Württemberg Battalion had moved during its attack.
"They were tough," said Niblock."They were able to attack uphill from 8 a.m until 11 p.m., and then continue to set up observation points, dig in, and send out scouts until the following morning's attack.It's impressive."
The trip provided a well rounded experience through the readings, discussions, museum visits and the walk, according to Nackley.
"Farewell to Arms (one of the pieces of assigned reading) featured the human element, and my appreciation of it was that it really got inside (the protagonist's) psyche," Nackley said. "The experiential writing, what he's seeing and feeling, paints that personal picture, while Rommel focuses more on the strategic element.(Farewell to Arms) gave a broader focus of what that theater of war was like. I liked that the PME tied in both sides of that. To finally see it, and to live it through the walk was chilling. It wasn't just in a book anymore, it was tangible; it was in my face."
The event, according to Niblock, allowed the Marines to relate in a way to the day to day operations of forward deployed Marines in the high mountains and terrain of Afghanistan; it also provided a teambuilding opportunity for them in the beautiful Alps shared by Slovenia and Italy.
Marines NATO History ready forces Slovenia U.S. Marine Forces Europe The Great War WWI World War I international cooperation War Battle of Caporetto War to End All Wars History of EUCOM
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Stocks Reap Double-Digit Returns After Inflation Peaks, History Shows
(Bloomberg) — The euphoria that's sweeping through the stock market Thursday has strong justification in history: whenever inflation has peaked, double-digit gains have followed.
The S&P 500 Index, which has shed 18% in 2022, surged 4.7% on Thursday after the rise in the consumer price index cooled in October by more than forecast, putting the index on track for its best CPI day since December 2008. Meanwhile, the Nasdaq 100 Index soared 6.1%. Both indexes are on pace for their best sessions since April 2020.
Not surprisingly, US stocks struggle while inflation rises, but not after it peaks. Since 1950, the S&P 500 has posted a total return of 13% on average over the next 12 months following 13 major inflation peaks, according to Jim Paulsen, chief investment strategist at The Leuthold Group. In the 10 instances where the index rose the year following a substantial inflation spike, the total return for the S&P 500 jumped by an average of 22% over the subsequent year, data from Leuthold show.
While nobody knows whether the bear market is nearing its end or if it is due for another leg lower, Paulsen noted that "bad news" has seemingly affected the stock market far less since the summer than in the first half of 2022. That's come with cyclical sectors and small-cap stocks soundly beating the S&P 500 in recent months, he added.
For US equity markets to see comparable gains, stubbornly high inflation rates must fall at a faster clip, though investors may miss out on those hefty gains if they wait too long since markets tend to begin rallying from bear market lows well before economic data bottoms, according to Jimmy Lee, chief executive of The Wealth Consulting Group.
"Investors really need to be positioned well in advance of the Fed signaling a pause because the stock market will likely be substantially higher from here by the time those words come out of Fed Chair Powell's mouth," Lee said.
In post-World War II cycles when consumer price increases topped 5%, the benchmark's average return six months, one year and two years later was 5%, 12% and 15%, respectively, according to Strategas Research Partners.
Federal Reserve officials have been aggressively raising borrowing costs in an effort to cool inflation running near 40-year highs. The central bank hiked interest rates by 75 basis points for the fourth straight time last week, bringing the target for the benchmark rate to a range of 3.75% to 4%. Fed Chair Jerome Powell told reporters after the decision that recent disappointing data suggest rates will ultimately need to go higher than previously expected, while indicating the central bank could moderate the size of its increases as soon as December.
Philadelphia Fed President Patrick Harker and Dallas Fed President Lorie Logan recently said they expect the central bank to slow the pace of rate hikes in upcoming months as US monetary policy approaches restrictive levels. But Logan noted at a conference hosted by her bank in Houston Thursday that it "should not be taken to represent easier policy."
Still, the past eight rate-hiking cycles saw the Fed continue to lift borrowing costs until it was above CPI, according to Carson Investment Research. Market for wagers on the Fed's policy rate priced in a peak of 4.8% for the first half of 2023, edging down from above 5% last week. That means there still could be more room for the Fed to lift rates to tame stubbornly high prices.
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Happy Thanksgiving! Looking for some festive and amazing recipes for your Thanksgiving feast? Here are some great thanksgiving inspired recipes. And what is a holiday without a delish thanksgiving inspired cocktail…these cocktail recipes will make you thankful for spending the day with Uncle Larry!


Finding dilapidated cars in barns (or other enclosed structures) isn't just an American phenomenon. An auction house in France has just listed a catalog of 81 cars it plans to sell on January 20.
An early flat-floor example of one of Britain's most beloved sports cars (and also left-hand drive), this Series 1 coupe is painted a lovely shade of gold beneath the thick layer of dirt and dust. Translating the ad from French with Google Translate isn't an exact science, but it appears the coupe has had some body repair and is missing the center console. The description also states the car was originally sold in Paris. In average condition a '61 E-Type holds a value of $159,000, making this one worth saving.
The listing for this early Porsche coupe includes "Corrosion importante. Très incomplete." Which even I can get the gist of without understanding French. It's rough and incomplete—the photos make that pretty clear. But this red shell is from the dawn of the Porsche brand and is an iconic shape and blue-chip player in the classic car world. Even a #4-condition (Fair) example is valued at $54,000—vraiment.
A non-chrome-bumper C3 Corvette wouldn't draw much attention at most auctions, but there has to be a good story around how a white 1981 coupe somehow found its way to France. The third generation is not the most desireable Vette but still doesn't seem to garner the hate of the C4 it preceded, and it gets to stand proud for helping the iconic sports car weather the oil crisis in the 1970s. The owner of this group of cars seemed to have disparate tastes but bad storage habits. This Corvette epitomizes both. A broken windshield and enough moss to make it look two-tone certainly aren't helping drive up the price, though.
The highest estimate of the auction, this 1968 Miura is could sell for between $455,000 and $683,000. This might seem absurd upon first glance, but when compared to a #2 (excellent) condition value of $880,000, one could argue that there's a good chance to get in under the low estimate. The Miura arguably perfected the design of the mid-engine layout, combining supercar performance with gorgeous Bertone styling. It's a timeless classic and an everlasting jewel of sports car design. The photos show a car in rough condition, but a second glance shows it to be fairly complete and the body in not-so-bad shape.
If you are in the market for a barn find and don't mind going to southwestern France to pick one up, you'll have to act fast. The auction is in two days. There's also a bunch of assorted parts and other trinkets if that's more your style. Or maybe you just really like big old Citroen vans, and don't mind visiting an oddly large number of Oldsmobile Toronados. You can find further details from the auction house here.


My father became disabled when my sisters and I were young. Our family nearly lost everything, but my parents got good legal advice and persevered. My mother became a paralegal for the attorney who helped us. My father became our hero who preserved our future through wisdom, frugality and dignity. And I became a personal injury attorney focused on matters of personal injury, workers' compensation, and wrongful death, who truly understands when serious personal injuries hit home.
Today, as a father myself, I passionately strive to help those in Asheville and the surrounding area, who suffer disabling personal injuries or the loss of a loved one find justice while working to protect children from carelessness.
Many of our clients are unable to take care of their families or themselves because of serious injuries, or they have unexpectedly lost a loved one.
They need clear and frank advice, but most of all they need us to take action to protect their rights and to seek reasonable compensation. Ultimately, it takes knowledge, resources, dedication, and hard work to help our clients through what possibly is the toughest time of their lives.
Small but resourceful enough to give highly-personal, effective service. Especially in today's technology-immersed world, we believe that our clients are best served by regular, face-to-face meetings about their matters.
Hiring a professional, any professional, to help with a serious matter can be downright scary. We understand and respect that better than most. Accordingly, we don't askfor a client's trust. We gain it by being respectful, decent and simply doing what we say we are going to do.
Although we help those who have been injured or who have lost a loved one, we are most passionate about helping disempowered workers and innocent children who become disabled by serious injuries.
We respect all human experiences, and we strive to protect lives, liberties and our diverse pursuits of happiness. And when serious injuries or a loved one's death affects those rights, we dedicate our professional efforts to seek fair and just compensation, as well as to shape attitudes about safety and to effect reasonable, protective changes.
Ultimately, we believe that the law allows ordinary people to do extraordinary things.
In 1998, we started a new law practice keenly focused on the above principles. Our practice primarily has been built upon referrals from former and current clients, attorney colleagues, and other community members, all who have confidence in our services.
Ultimately, we always encourage prospective clients to ask about our reputation in the community.
J. A. (Jay) Kerr Jr.
Jay started his legal career in 1988 focusing on real estate development law, a passion grown from an extended family of builders and developers, including his father, who was a former president of the Charleston Home Builders Association.
Between 1990 and 1993, Jay served as president and in-house counsel of a former mid-size residential construction company, operating in North Carolina and South Carolina. Today, he remains active in real estate while managing family investment properties in Charleston, SC, and being an avid student of New Urbanism.
Jay's extensive knowledge and experience in construction and development provides a practical appreciation for the nature of property hazards and the legal area of premises liability. Consequently, his practice concentrates in helping those who have been injured by hazards on private or business property, and especially within the construction industry.
However, as a father, Jay also is passionate about protecting children from carelessness. Accordingly, over his legal career he has concentrated in helping children who he believes have been harmed by carelessness, whether through healthcare malpractice, in vehicular collisions, by property hazards, or otherwise.
Jay has authored numerous articles on various topics surrounding workers' compensation and premises liability law. He is the editor of the General Negligence and Premises Liability Chapters for the North Carolina Manual of Complaints, as published by the North Carolina Advocates for Justice and LexisNexis.
He has lectured on various workers' compensation and premises liability law topics on behalf of the North Carolina Advocates for Justice. Furthermore, he also has lectured to nurses seeking national certification on the legal aspects of life care planning for the catastrophically injured.
Melissa is a Western North Carolina native who began working with Jay in 1992 at the former Asheville firm Swain, Stevenson, Moore & Kerr, P.A., focusing on personal injury litigation. In 1998, Melissa joined Jay to continue work in personal injury litigation when he formed Jay Kerr, P.A.
Melissa has always had a great appreciation for the wonderful people of Western North Carolina and its splendid culture. Today, with nearly twenty years experience as a paralegal professional, she uses her exceptional talents and skills to help the hard-working members of her community seek deserving justice. She sees her work as a privilege, and not merely a career. Her hard-work, dedication, trust and loyalty to our clients and to her colleagues have been at the foundation of the firm's success.
Melissa is a 1989 graduate of the University of North Carolina at Asheville, where she obtained her Bachelor of Arts degree in Political Science (Pre-Law). She is a North Carolina State Bar Certified Paralegal and a member of the Legal Support Staff of North Carolina, Inc.
Lisa is a native and lifelong resident of Western North Carolina. After starting her career in Asheville working with a prominent real estate and legal defense firm, she joined Jay Kerr Law in 2008.
Lisa gravitated to the personal injury field because of her desire to help families in Western North Carolina which have experienced hardships due to work place injuries, motor-vehicle collisions, healthcare malpractice or general negligence.
In addition to a focus on client relations, Lisa assists with firm marketing and business administration, and applies her extensive knowledge of computer technology to firm case mediations and trials.
Lisa graduated from South College-Asheville in 2004 with an Associates of Applied Science Degree in Paralegal Studies.


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Відкритий чемпіонат Швейцарії 1930 — 15-й відкритий чемпіонат Швейцарії з хокею, чемпіоном став «Давос».

Схід
 20 січня 1930 року «Академікер Цюрих» — Ліцей Цуоц 2:1

Фінал Сходу
 «Давос» — «Академікер Цюрих» 14:1

Захід
20 січня 1930 року, Шато де-Окс.
 «Розей» (Гштаад) — Ліцей Жаккар 8:1
 «Шато де-Окс» — «Стар Лозанна» 2:0

Фінал Заходу
 «Розей» (Гштаад) — «Шато де-Окс» 1:0

Фінал
 «Давос» — «Розей» (Гштаад) 4:1

Джерела
 Огляд таблиць  (PDF; 547 kB)

Чемпіонат Швейцарії з хокею
Швейцарія

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Grüppenbühren  ist ein Ortsteil der Gemeinde Ganderkesee im niedersächsischen Landkreis Oldenburg.

Geografie und Verkehrsanbindung
Der Ort liegt nördlich des Kernbereichs von Ganderkesee. Westlich befindet sich das 627 ha große Naturschutzgebiet Hasbruch.

Durch den Ort führt die Bundesstraße 212, südlich verläuft die Autobahn A 28.

Der Ortsteil Grüppenbühren ist seinerseits noch mal unterteilt in die kleineren Ortsteile Bissen, Brandewurth, Bülterei, Hollen, Klingenhagen, Kühlingen und Westerloge.

Söhne und Töchter
 Hermann Hagstedt (1884–1966), Politiker (SPD)
 Arend Heinrich Braye (1890–1960), Gewerkschafter und Politiker (SPD)

Einzelnachweise

Ort im Landkreis Oldenburg
Geographie (Ganderkesee)


We would love to work with you! We service the greater Louisville Metropolitan area and our producers are available to travel to your location! Call us at one of the phone numbers below or fill out the form to message us. We look forward to talking to you!


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Trump, Go Back Where You Came From
Every presidential election year, Frontline, the superb investigative TV series on PBS, produces an in-depth look at the Democratic and Republican candidates. It's called "The Choice," and invariably offers some insights that likely you won't see anywhere else.
When I first watched the 2016 edition, three things struck me as revelatory—aside from that now infamous Omarosa Manigault soundbite from the program that began, "Every critic, every detractor will have to bow down to President Trump." Yikes.
Today, after two and a half years of a Trump White House, these three remembered moments seem more pertinent than ever. First up was journalist Marie Brenner, who recalled Trump's brother Robert telling her, "Donald was always the kid in the family who would start throwing birthday cake at all the parties, that you would build up a tower of blocks, he would come knock your blocks down."
Donald Trump is a racist, a white supremacist, a misogynist, a right-wing extremist, and as he goes full tilt into maniacal campaign mode, with nary a GOP voice raised in protest, it's only going to get worse.
Second were the memories of fellow cadets at New York Military Academy, where young Donald was sent to deal with his behavior issues. One said that as a teenager, Trump "had a very Hugh Hefner Playboy magazine view of success." Another agreed: "Our lives came from Playboy magazine. That's how we learned about women. That was all of my adolescence. And that's why getting out of military school was difficult. You had to realize that you couldn't just follow the Playboy philosophy."
He added, "The things that we talked about at that time in 1964 really are very close to the kind of way [Trump] talks now."
But the third thing, the one that especially stuck in my head, is something Frontline reported Trump had learned from nature's own Nazi, his martinet of a father Fred. It was a theory, according to the narration, Donald "especially liked."
Interviewed for the documentary, Michael D'Antonio author of The Truth about Trump, says, "This is a very deep part of the Trump story. The family subscribes to a race horse theory of human development, that they believe that there are superior people, and that if you put together the genes of a superior woman and a superior man, you get superior offspring."
In other words, he embraced eugenics—the science of human selection that's just a hop, skip and a 23 and Me saliva test away from advocating the primacy of a master race.
Which is why what we're seeing now, less than a year and a half before the 2020 election is no surprise. You know the litany: Trump and his father's housing business censured by the Justice Department for racial discrimination; publicly attacking the young Latino and black men of the so-called Central Park Five, even after they were found innocent; ludicrous birther slurs flung at Barack Obama; the Muslim travel ban; offhand bigoted references to "shithole countries," Nigerians in huts and Haitians with AIDS; Charlottesville.
On and on. And now, these attacks on four women of color, four members of the United States Congress told by the president to go back where they came from, even though only one was born in another country and all four are US citizens. While a few of his Republican colleagues voiced disgust at Trump's tweets, most chose to remain silent, equivocate or to double down like the toadying Lindsey Graham, who screamed that Alexandria Octavio-Cortez, Ayanna Pressley, Rashida Tlaib and Ilhan Omar are "a bunch of communists"—
sounding not like his late mentor John McCain but a raving, spittle-hurling Joe McCarthy.
(Lindsey and his man crush Trump would do well to heed—but won't—the great Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, who in a 1929 dissent wrote, "If there is any principle of the Constitution that more imperatively calls for attachment than any other, it is the principle of free thought—not free thought for those who agree with us but freedom for the thought that we hate.")
So yes, Donald Trump is a racist, a white supremacist, a misogynist, a right-wing extremist, and as he goes full tilt into maniacal campaign mode, with nary a GOP voice raised in protest, it's only going to get worse. This is how he thinks he can win reelection and so these current ravings were inevitable. Recent and intentionally misconstrued comments by the women may have sped the onslaught up a bit. As per The Washington Post, he thinks the four are "good foils." But this always was going to happen. Always.
Don't let your outrage at his words dim, but neither let this presidential pickpocket use these cruel verbal assaults—or his jeering rally crowds—to distract you from the truth as he falsely accuses these legitimately elected women of disloyalty and worse. Don't let him deflect your attention from Robert Mueller's congressional testimony this week (which apparently Fox News refuses to carry) or the Jeffrey Epstein pedophilia scandal and the role played by Trump's now former labor secretary Alex Acosta.
Don't let your outrage at his words dim, but neither let this presidential pickpocket use these cruel verbal assaults—or his jeering rally crowds—to distract you from the truth as he falsely accuses these legitimately elected women of disloyalty and worse.
Ignore not the ICE raids and the new rules restricting asylum requests and the continuing deplorable conditions in the detention centers, the separation of undocumented families, the failed attempt to cook the census. And keep your eye on which candidates are offering viable plans and solutions for climate change, immigration, health care, the opioid crisis, education and student debt, infrastructure, income and racial inequality.
As for those of you among Trump's vaunted base, the ones to whom he's pitching this poisonous snake oil, do you honest to God think that being given license to attack or mock a person's skin color or religion is more important than having a job, a roof over your head and food and clothing for you and your family? Do you truly believe that Trump's trade wars, tax cuts aimed at his rich cronies and slashing regulations to satisfy corporate fat cats are giving you a better life?
Is having a president who jabs his thumb in the eye of all who don't fawn over him here and abroad and who lacks a moral or honest bone in his body preferable to a leader who is respected here and overseas, who's not a white nationalist but a patriot with an informed worldview embracing diversity and expertise?
Trump needs to return where he came from, and I say that with some hesitation only because that would be New York City and I live here. Even if he's defeated in 2020 we won't have heard the last of him, of course, but at least the power and bully pulpit of the presidency will be denied the bully who currently lives in the White House. We'll put him in a special room where he can throw all the birthday cake and knock over all the toy blocks he wants. Just send him back.


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S. 989 (107th)
S. 989 (107th): End Racial Profiling Act of 2001
Call or Write Congress
A bill to prohibit racial profiling.
The bill's titles are written by its sponsor.
Sponsor. Senator for Wisconsin. Democrat.
Read Text »
Last Updated: Jun 6, 2001
107th Congress, 2001–2002
Died in a previous Congress
This bill was introduced on June 6, 2001, in a previous session of Congress, but was not enacted.
Reintroduced Bill — Introduced
This activity took place on a related bill, S. 2132 (108th).
S. 989 (107th) was a bill in the United States Congress.
A bill must be passed by both the House and Senate in identical form and then be signed by the President to become law.
This bill was introduced in the 107th Congress, which met from Jan 3, 2001 to Nov 22, 2002. Legislation not enacted by the end of a Congress is cleared from the books.
GovTrack.us. (2020). S. 989 — 107th Congress: End Racial Profiling Act of 2001. Retrieved from https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/107/s989
"S. 989 — 107th Congress: End Racial Profiling Act of 2001." www.GovTrack.us. 2001. January 21, 2020 <https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/107/s989>
End Racial Profiling Act of 2001, S. 989, 107th Cong..
|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/107/s989
|title=S. 989 (107th)
|author=107th Congress (2001)
|date=June 6, 2001
|quote=End Racial Profiling Act of 2001


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Title: Intransitive
Subject: Volition (linguistics)
"Intransitive" redirects here. For intransitive relations in mathematics, see Intransitivity.
He died.
I can't sleep here.
Tonight, we dine in Hell!
In grammar, an intransitive verb is a verb that has no direct object.[1] This is distinct from a transitive verb, which takes one or more objects. The verb property is called transitivity.
Examples of intransitive verbs include to age, to die, and to sleep. Transitive verbs include to give.
1 Valency-changing operations
2 Ambitransitivity
3 Unaccusative and unergative verbs
4 Cognate objects
Valency-changing operations
The valency of a verb is related to transitivity. Where the transitivity of a verb only considers the objects, the valency of a verb considers all the arguments the verb takes, including both the subject of the verb and all of the objects (of which there are none for an intransitive verb).
It is possible to change the transitivity of a verb, and in so doing to change the valency.
In languages that have a passive voice, a transitive verb in the active voice becomes intransitive in the passive voice. For example, consider the following sentence:
David hugged Mary.
In this sentence, "hugged" is a transitive verb taking "Mary" as its object. The sentence can be made passive with the direct object "Mary" as the grammatical subject as follows:
Mary was hugged.
This shift is called promotion of the object.
The passive-voice construction cannot take an object. The passivized sentence could be continued with the agent:
Mary was hugged by David.
It cannot be continued with a direct object to be taken by "was hugged." For example, it would be ungrammatical to write "Mary was hugged her daughter" in order to show that Mary and her daughter shared a hug.
Intransitive verbs can be made passive in some languages. In English, intransitive verbs can be used in the passive voice when a prepositional phrase is included, as in, "The houses were lived in by millions of people."
Some languages, such as Dutch, have an impersonal passive voice that allows an intransitive verb which does not have a prepositional phrase to be made passive. A sentence such as "The children slept" can be made passive in German to remove the subject. This can occur without a prepositional phrase, as in "The children slept in the bed", which, in English, could become "The bed was slept in by the children."
In languages with ergative–absolutive alignment, the passive voice (where the object of a transitive verb becomes the subject of an intransitive verb) does not make sense, because the noun associated with the intransitive verb is marked as the object, not as the subject. Instead, these often have an antipassive voice. In this context, the subject of a transitive verb is promoted to the "object" of the corresponding intransitive verb. In the context of a nominative–accusative language like English, this promotion is nonsensical because intransitive verbs don't take objects, they take subjects, and so the subject of a transitive verb ("I" in I hug him) is also the subject of the intransitive passive construction (I was hugged by him). But in an ergative–absolutive language like Dyirbal, "I" in the transitive I hug him would take the ergative case, but the "I" in I was hugged would take the absolutive, and so by analogy the antipassive construction more closely resembles *was hugged me. Thus in this example, the ergative is promoted to the absolutive, and the agent (i.e. him), which was formerly marked by the absolutive, is deleted to form the antipassive voice (or is marked in a different way, in the same way that in the English passive voice can still be specified as the agent of the action using by him in I was hugged by him—for example, Dyirbal puts the agent in the dative case, and Basque retains the agent in the absolutive).
Ambitransitivity
Main article: Ambitransitive verb
In many languages, there are "ambitransitive" verbs, which can be either transitive or intransitive. For example, English play is ambitransitive (both intransitive and transitive), since it is grammatical to say His son plays, and it is also grammatical to say His son plays guitar. English is rather flexible with regards to verb valency, and so it has a high number of ambitransitive verbs; other languages are more rigid and require explicit valency changing operations (voice, causative morphology, etc.) to transform a verb from intransitive to transitive or vice versa.
In some ambitransitive verbs, called ergative verbs, the alignment of the syntactic arguments to the semantic roles is exchanged. An example of this is the verb break in English.
(1) He broke the cup.
(2) The cup broke.
In (1), the verb is transitive, and the subject is the agent of the action, i.e. the performer of the action of breaking the cup. In (2), the verb is intransitive and the subject is the patient of the action, i.e. it is the thing affected by the action, not the one that performs it. In fact, the patient is the same in both sentences, and sentence (2) is an example of implicit middle voice. This has also been termed an anticausative.
Other alternating intransitive verbs in English are change and sink.
In the Romance languages, these verbs are often called pseudo-reflexive, because they are signaled in the same way as reflexive verbs, using the clitic particle se. Compare the following (in Spanish):
(3a) La taza se rompió. ("The cup broke.")
(3b) El barco se hundió. ("The boat sank.")
(4a) Ella se miró en el espejo. ("She looked at herself in the mirror.")
(4b) El gato se lava. ("The cat washes itself.")
Sentences (3a) and (3b) show Romance pseudo-reflexive phrases, corresponding to English alternating intransitives. As in The cup broke, they are inherently without an agent; their deep structure does not and can not contain one. The action is not reflexive (as in (4a) and (4b)) because it is not performed by the subject; it just happens to it. Therefore, this is not the same as passive voice, where an intransitive verb phrase appears, but there is an implicit agent (which can be made explicit using a complement phrase):
(5) The cup was broken (by the child).
(6) El barco fue hundido (por piratas). ("The boat was sunk (by pirates).")
Other ambitransitive verbs (like eat) are not of the alternating type; the subject is always the agent of the action, and the object is simply optional. A few verbs are of both types at once, like read: compare I read, I read a magazine, and this magazine reads easily.
Some languages like Japanese have different forms of certain verbs to show transitivity. For example, there are two forms of the verb "to start":
(7) 会議が始まる。 (Kaigi ga hajimaru. "The meeting starts.")
(8) 会長が会議を始める。 (Kaichō ga kaigi o hajimeru. "The president starts the meeting.")
In Japanese, the form of the verb indicates the number of arguments the sentence needs to have.[2]
Unaccusative and unergative verbs
Main articles: Unaccusative verb and Unergative verb
Especially in some languages, it makes sense to classify intransitive verbs as:
unaccusative when the subject is not an agent; that is, it does not actively initiate the action of the verb (e.g. "die", "fall").
unergative when they have an agent subject (e.g. "run", "talk", "resign").
This distinction may in some cases be reflected in the grammar, where for instance different auxiliary verbs may be used for the two categories.
Cognate objects
Main article: Cognate object
In many languages, including English, some or all intransitive verbs can take cognate objects—objects formed from the same roots as the verbs themselves; for example, the verb sleep is ordinarily intransitive, but one can say, "He slept a troubled sleep", meaning roughly "He slept, and his sleep was troubled."
Transitivity (grammatical category)
Ditransitive verbs
Valency (linguistics)
Morphosyntactic alignment
English passive voice
Lexical categories and their features
Abstract/Concrete
Adjectival
Animate/Inanimate
Common/Proper
Deverbal
Initial-stress-derived
Non-finite — Attributive
Converb
Gerundive
Participle (adjectival · adverbial)
Supine
Ambitransitive
Andative/Venitive
Anticausative
Autocausative
Captative
Catenative
Copular
Defective
Denominal
Deponent
Ditransitive
Ergative
Impersonal
Lexical
Monotransitive
Phrasal
Predicative
Preterite-present
Separable
Unaccusative
Unergative
Demonstrative
Post-positive
Conjunctive
Disjunctive
Distributive
Formal/Informal
Gender-neutral
Inclusive/Exclusive
Resumptive
Casally modulated
Measure word
Coverb
Expletive
Interjection (verbal)
Preverb
Pro-sentence
Pro-verb
Procedure word
Volition (linguistics)
Sinhala language, Applicative voice, Nonpast tense, Past tense


text:
Q: Rails: remove the label from a simple_form_for collection association I am trying to remove the label that is auto included when we use '.association' of the simple_form_for. But, regardless of what I do, the title and its <hr> continue to be displayed.
I tried:
<%= f.association :attr_vals, collection: attr.attr_vals,
    as: :check_boxes, wrapper: false, label: false %>

and
<%= f.association :attr_vals, collection: attr.attr_vals,
    as: :check_boxes, wrapper: false, label: "" %>

But it keeps showing :/
What can I do to remove it?

A: You can try this:
<%= f.association :attr_vals, collection: attr.attr_vals,
    as: :check_boxes, wrapper: false, label_method: "" %>


text:
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Juan José Soto Pacheco (born October 25, 1998), nicknamed "Childish Bambino", is a Dominican professional baseball outfielder for the Washington Nationals of Major League Baseball (MLB). Soto signed with the Nationals as an international free agent in 2015. He made his MLB debut in 2018. In 2020, he led the National League in batting average with .351.
Minor leagues. Soto signed with the Washington Nationals as an international free agent in July 2015. He made his professional debut in 2016 with the Gulf Coast League Nationals in the rookie-level Gulf Coast League and was named the Gulf Coast League MVP after hitting .368 with five home runs and 32 runs batted in (RBIs). In September 2016 he was promoted to the Auburn Doubledays of the Class A-Short Season New York-Penn League for the final few games of the 2016 season. Appearing in six games for the Doubledays, he went 9-for-21 (.429) with three doubles and an RBI. He finished the 2016 season with an overall batting average of .368, five home runs, and 32 RBIs.Promoted to play with the Hagerstown Suns of the Class A South Atlantic League in 2017, Soto got off to a hot start before injuring his ankle while sliding into home in a game on May 2 and landing on the disabled list. At the time of his injury, he was batting .360 with three home runs in 23 games with the Suns. In July 2017, MLB Pipeline ranked Soto the Nationals' second-best prospect and the 42nd-best among all prospects. Soto did not return to the Suns in 2017, but he had two rehabilitation stints with the Gulf Coast Nationals, one of five games in July 2017 and a second one of four games in September 2017 before injuring his hamstring and finally being shut down for the season. In those nine games with the Gulf Coast League Nationals, he went 8-for-25 (.320) with a double, a triple, and four RBIs, and finished the 2017 season with a batting average of .351, three home runs, and 18 RBIs.Soto entered 2018 as one of the minor leagues' top prospects. He started the season with the Hagerstown Suns, hitting .373 in 16 games with five home runs and 24 RBIs, before being promoted early in the season to the Potomac Nationals in the Class A-Advanced Carolina League. After 15 games with Potomac, in which he hit .371 with seven home runs and 18 RBIs, he was promoted to play with the Harrisburg Senators in the Class AA Eastern League. He had appeared in eight games for the Senators, going 10-for-31 (.323) with two doubles, two home runs, and 10 RBIs, when on May 20, 2018, the Washington Nationals called him up to the major leagues for the first time to reinforce their outfield after an injury to second baseman and outfielder Howie Kendrick. Washington Nationals. = 2018 season. = Soto made his major-league debut on May 20, 2018, becoming the youngest player in the major leagues at 19 years, 207 days, and the first player born in 1998 to appear in a major-league game. He came on as a pinch-hitter in the eighth inning of a game against the Los Angeles Dodgers at Nationals Park in Washington, D.C., and struck out swinging against right-handed relief pitcher Erik Goeddel. Soto made his first major-league start the next day, playing left field in a game against the San Diego Padres at Nationals Park, and on the first pitch of his first plate appearance of the game, got his first major-league hit, a 422 ft (129 m) opposite-field three-run homer off of Robbie Erlin. After rounding the bases and returning to the dugout, Soto stepped back out for a curtain call from the crowd. He became the youngest player in franchise history to hit a home run and the first teenager to homer in a major-league game since Nationals outfielder Bryce Harper did it at age 19 in 2012. "He's a special player," Harper said of Soto after the game. Soto became the youngest major league player since Ken Griffey Jr. in 1989 to be intentionally walked in a game when Baltimore Orioles manager Buck Showalter elected to do so rather than give him an opportunity to drive in a run on May 29.On June 2018, shortly after being called up to the major leagues, Baseball America listed Soto as the Nationals' top prospect, overtaking fellow outfielder Víctor Robles, and the fourth-best overall prospect in baseball. Soto contributed to a notable oddity when he hit a home run against the New York Yankees on June 18, 2018. The contest began on May 15, 2018, but was suspended until June 18 due to inclement weather with the score at 3–3. Since the stoppage occurred in the fifth inning, a team would have been awarded the win if they were ahead, which implied that he had technically hit a home run before his MLB debut. To prevent confusion, it was added in sequence to his already accrued home run total as his sixth home run. He had hit three home runs in his first five plate appearances against the Yankees.On June 21, he started as the cleanup hitter for the first time in the major leagues, against the Baltimore Orioles. He doubled home the winning run in a 4–2 victory. Soto's first multi-home run game came on June 13, 2018, against the New York Yankees, and he repeated the feat on June 29, 2018, at Citizens Bank Park against the Philadelphia Phillies, tallying two home runs, four hits, and five RBIs as the Nationals defeated the Phillies 17–7. Soto had another multi-home run game against the Phillies on September 11, 2018, going 3-for-4 with four RBIs in the second game of a doubleheader. In 2018, he batted a slash line of .292/.406/.517 with 79 walks (10th in the NL), 22 home runs, and 70 RBIs in 414 at-bats, and was the youngest player in the NL. He finished second in voting for NL Rookie of the Year. = 2019 season. = On August 19, 2019, Soto became only the fourth player in MLB history to record 100 extra-base hits before his 21st birthday, joining Mel Ott, Tony Conigliaro, and his former teammate, Bryce Harper. He later became the seventh MLB player in history to reach 30 home runs before their 21st birthday. In 2019, he batted .282/.401/.548 with 110 runs (7th), 108 walks (3rd), 34 home runs, and 110 RBIs (9th) as he stole 12 bases in 13 attempts and was the 4th-youngest player in the NL.With the Nationals trailing the Milwaukee Brewers 3–1 in the bottom of the eighth during the NL Wild Card Game, Soto hit a bases-clearing single off of Brewers closer Josh Hader to give the Nationals a 4-3 lead. They would later hang on to the lead and advance to the National League Division Series. On October 9, 2019, in the decisive Game 5 of the NLDS, Soto hit a game-tying home run in the top of the 8th off Clayton Kershaw. The Nationals eventually won the game (7–3) and series against the Dodgers. On October 23, 2019, playing in Game 1 of his first World Series, Soto hit a home run off of Astros' ace Gerrit Cole to start the fourth inning and became the fourth youngest player in MLB history to ever hit a home run in a World Series. On October 25, 2019, Soto played in a World Series on his birthday, an event his father predicted about 10 years earlier. It was Soto's 21st birthday and Game 3 of the World Series.The Nationals eventually won the World Series, their first in franchise history, and Soto batted .277/.373/.554 with 5 home runs and 14 RBIs in the postseason (.333/.438/.741 with 3 HR, 7 RBIs in the World Series). For the series, he led the Nationals in home runs, hits, walks and runs scored. Soto was later named the co-winner (with Stephen Strasburg) of the 2019 Babe Ruth Award. He also made the All-MLB Second Team for the season in an annual honor rolled out in 2019. = 2020 season: Batting champion. = On July 23, 2020, just before the opening game of a shortened 2020 season, it was announced that Soto had tested positive for COVID-19. Soto returned to action on August 4 after multiple negative tests; he told The Washington Post that he had been following team rules for social distancing before the positive test, never experienced COVID-19 symptoms, received negative results on three rapid-result tests the day he learned of the positive test result through the official MLB testing program, and believed the result that caused him to miss time was a false positive.In a series at Citi Field against the division-rival New York Mets, Soto first hit a home run 463 feet (141 m) on August 10, the longest of his career, then another home run measured at 466 feet (142 m) on August 12 to set a new personal best. He was named National League Player of the Week on August 17, his first such honor.Despite losing the first week of play to the positive COVID-19 test and missing some time in September with an elbow injury, Soto qualified for the batting title and became the youngest player in National League history to win, hitting .351 during the regular season. Soto also led all qualified hitters in MLB in on-base percentage (.490), slugging percentage (.695), and on-base plus slugging (1.185), posting the highest marks in those three categories for any major league hitter with at least 195 plate appearances in a season since Barry Bonds in the 2004 season. In spite of Soto's achievement, the Nationals were unable to capitalize, missing the playoffs even with an expanded format.
Início da vida
Soto was born in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, to Juan Soto, Sr. and Belkis Pacheco. He has an older sister and younger brother. His father, a salesman, was a catcher in a local men's league and encouraged his son to make baseball his passion.
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Ten years of innovation: a look back at some past winners
Revisiting past winners on the 10th anniversary of the Irish Times Innovation Awards
Thu, May 9, 2019, 06:45
Barry McCall
Stage at The Irish Times InterTradeIreland Innovation Awards 2012, at the Royal Hospital Kilmainham. Photograph: Dara Mac Dónaill
An anti-microbial coating that kills more than 99 per cent of harmful bacteria and superbugs; an ingenious and cost-efficient manufacturing and assembly system for air conditioning ducting; an energy-efficient wastewater treatment technology; a hypoallergenic pillow; and a blockchain-based solution to ensure aid donations get to their intended recipients. These are just some of the winning inventions which have taken the top honour at the Irish Times Innovation Awards over the past decade.
Now in its 10th year, the awards celebrate innovation in sectors including food and agribusiness, IT and communications, manufacturing, life sciences, energy and sustainability, and emerging areas such as fintech.
Finalists over the years have included Moocall, an alert system that notifies a farmer approximately one hour before a cow calves; Wholeworldband, a recording studio in the cloud that allows music makers around the world collaborate from the comfort of their homes; Parcel Motel, for its solution to the headaches created by people not being home to receive deliveries; BeFree, a range of gluten-free meals; and REDT, for its distributed battery storage solution to support increased usage of intermittent renewable energy sources.
The first overall winner in 2010 was Sigmoid Pharma for its development of two technologies, LEDDS and SmPill, which can enhance drug solubility and permeability while also permitting targeted drug delivery. The technologies enable the development of innovative products to treat conditions such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
The company, now known as Sublimity, closed a $64 million funding round last year and is considering a public flotation in the near future. Meanwhile, founder Ivan Coulter has moved on to become chief executive of Atxa Therapeutics, a University College Dublin spinout drug company that has identified a range of molecules that could tackle a number of conditions including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).
"Sigmoid Pharma has gone past the innovation phase and is moving towards registration and approval for its products," says Coulter. "I led the company through the innovation and financing stages, and I have now transitioned out to do the same again with Atxa."
"Winning the Irish Times Innovation Award was very important to Sigmoid Pharma," he adds. "The only thing worse than people talking about you is when they are not talking about you. The profile we achieved as a result of the award was very significant for the company and opened a lot of doors for us. It's very important to shine a light on new innovations and start-ups and get their story out there. You can't really pay for the profile you get from competitions like the Irish Times Innovation Awards – they allow you showcase what you have and what you can do."
The 2018 winner, Aid:Tech, developed a secure means to deliver aid and other benefits to people around the world who might have no bank account or legal identity in the form of a social security number. The Aid:Tech platform allows for the creation of a secure identity for an aid or welfare recipient which is stored on a blockchain ledger and can't subsequently be altered or erased. Aid in the form of vouchers or cash can be sent via the platform completely securely with an unalterable record of receipt, thus helping address corruption and improve efficiency.
"Winning the Irish Times Innovation award gave us a great boost," says chief operating officer Niall Dennehy. "We had just launched our TraceDonate product to enable people to track their donations, and the publicity we got from The Irish Times really helped. In fact, we were at a European Commission event a few months ago and they used an image of one of our ads in The Irish Times when they said Aid:Tech was the best example of a consumer blockchain application in the EU to date."
The company is currently working with the Irish Red Cross on a TB vaccination campaign in India. "We have created a digital twin of the TB kit and donors will get an email alert to let them know when the kit they have paid for reaches the individual it was destined for in India," says Dennehy. "We are also working with the UN and a number of other international organisations and we are about to start work with a US government disaster relief agency."
Parkpnp, which describes itself as the Airbnb of parking, won the innovation award in the sustainability category in 2018. Parkpnp users can rent out car-parking spaces by the hour, day, week or month, and cash in on hitherto underutilised assets. The company has now expanded into the Belgian and Dutch markets, while it is looking to conduct its first trial in the United States shortly.
Since winning the award, the company has been expanding the corporate side of the business. "Business has been great," says chief executive Garret Flower. "We closed out deals with a number of large clients such as Colliers International. We are optimising companies' car-parking space by as much as 24 per cent."
The Parkpnp phone app allows employees to see if there is space available before spending time getting frustrated making circuits of a full car park in the vain hope of finding a space. "There might be two policies in place," explains Flower. "One has designated spaces for certain employees and the other offers spaces on a first come, first served basis. Everyone arrives to work at the same time and the result can be chaos. Using our app they can see which spaces are booked and know in advance whether they should even bother driving into the car park. Space usage is maximised and we reduce frustration as well."
Innopharma Labs took the 2018 manufacturing and design award for its work on modified-release drugs, specifically the development of a system which enables the uniform application of coatings to the active ingredients contained within a tablet or capsule. The technology will play a key role in the development of advanced pharmaceutical manufacturing processes known as Pharma 4.0.
"There are a couple of pillars to Pharma 4.0," explains director of technical operations Sean Costello. "Accelerated product and process is one and the other is utilising big data and data analytics to allow for predictive manufacturing as opposed to reactive manufacturing. It's all about sensors collecting data and fusing that with data from other sources in the data lake to enable the use of predictive analytics to accelerate product and process development and our smart coating technology is very much part of that."
The 2016 overall winner, Arralis, addressed space of a very different kind. Its advanced 94GHz frequency band chipset can significantly improve the performance of aerospace and satellite guidance systems. Other overall winners include Trustwater for its cleaning system used by bottling plants that dramatically reduces energy and water usage, and Intune Networks which created a novel technology to handle ever-increasing volumes of internet traffic.
To learn more about the 2019 Irish Times Innovation Awards go to irishtimes.com/innovationawards
Applications are welcome from both public and private sectors, across any one of the five categories listed below.
If your innovation spans several categories, choose the category which best describes your innovation. If the judges feel your application fits best in a different category, they will move you to this category and notify you of the change.
Covering innovations in economic, environmental and social sustainability
IT & Fintech
Covering innovations in hardware, software, security, telecommunications products and services, including the growth in technology in the financial services sector
Covering innovations in biology, biochemistry, microbiology, physiology, botany, zoology, and related medtech sectors.
Manufacturing & Design
Covering innovations in engineering, design and the production of industrial and consumer products
Covering any innovations that do not fall into any of the above categories
The closing date for entries is Friday, June 28th at 5pm. After various judging rounds, the finalists will gather for the awards ceremony at the RDS on Tuesday, November 5th, where the category winners and overall Irish Times Innovation of the Year will be announced.
Garret Flower
Ivan Coulter
Niall Dennehy
Sean Costello
Atxa Therapeutics
Innopharma Labs
Intune Networks
Sigmoid Pharma
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