The Language of Flowers shares with us the meanings of flowers and we have used this information for centuries to not only better understand our natural environment, but also ourselves. This language was developed throughout the centuries and across cultures as a way to pass along vital information about plants and their possible usage. It is based on visual and sensory aspects, such as taste and smell, as well as known usage, environmental and growth behaviour.
When we use the Language of Flowers to give floral gifts, fill our spaces with their bouquets or even create botanical infused therapies and products, we can enjoy the emotional connection to these meanings for a possible strengthening or calming influence. This can bring us in balance with ourselves and in harmony with nature and those around us.
Flowers which align with your Sun Sign are meant to assist you. Their meanings and attributes may actually challenge you, so don't be surprised to perhaps see ones mentioned which don't really please you. While you can use Zodiac Flowers yourself, by finding your matching flowers, they are also the perfect flowers for gift giving for those born under each sign, either in a fresh bouquet, plant, decorative or cosmetic form.
There are many flowers with strong association with each zodiac sign, but here are a couple for each with their meanings and ways they will support you.
Orchid (Orchidaceae), any orchid, means individuality and a celebration of uniqueness. They help Aquarians embrace this side of themselves.
Snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) are strongly associated with solutions and inner peace, handy to calm the unpredictability and sometimes contrary nature of this sign.
Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus), are entwined with compassion and devotion and so support these aspects of those born under Pieces.
Tulip (Tulipa) connect with the confidence of Aries people and with their adventurous side. They also help keep that confident nature strong.
Wild Rose (Rosa acicularis) tempers the tendency to selfishness and calms a hot head.
Lily of the Valley (Convallariamajalis) is a flower for all Taureans because it bonds with their grounded warm-heartedness. It also agrees with their loving nature.
Cherry (Prunus serrulata) offers peace and harmony to the, at times, inflexible Taurus.
Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) mean inner strength, the ability to express emotions and adaptability, all strong Gemini traits.
Delphinium's (Delphinium) message that anything is possible aligns perfect with Cancer's imaginative and intuitive side.
Poppy (Papauer rhoeas) can help offer stability to the changeable nature and moodiness of this sign with it's meanings of continuance and memory.
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is the flower of confidence, self-esteem and assertiveness, all aspects of Leo and can assist in times they may need a little boost.
Marigold (Tagetes evecta) indicates irrational expectations and can remind Leos to be a little more tolerant.
Cornflowers (Centaurea cyanus) are all about delicacy, reliability and knowledge, all lovely traits ofVirgo which make this flower a good match.
Daisy (Leucanthemum maximum), will help the Virgo stop worrying so much and have a little fun as they offer peace of mind and support to let go.
Hydrangea (Hydrangea) and Libra go together well as the flower's meanings of understanding, interconnectedness and sociability flow between them.
Love-in-a-mist (Nigella damascene) acknowledges the flirtatious nature of Libra but also offers clarity to the sign's indecisiveness.
Peony (Paeonia officinalis) offer nobility, prosperity, along with a very magnetic attachment to romance, all things Scorpios can relate to easily.
Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum) help Scorpio to be more open in friendships and be more trusting.
Sage (Salvia officinalis) flowers support the philosophical and intellectual side of Sagittarians as well their optimistic outlook on life.
Wallflower (Erysimum) help this sign watch out for misfortune due to their occasional irresponsible or careless attitude.
Violets (Viola odorata) mean constancy and steadfastness and aligns perfectly with Capricorns practical and disciplined nature.
Holly (Ilex aquifolium) brings the messages of cheerfulness and mental balance which are very handy for the sometimes pessimistic Capricorn.


A few years ago I was playing in a band, and we got a new lead singer who was especially adept at country music. Now, I don't listen to country music — I actually mostly play jazz-funk — but I recognize that country artists often have very good voices and that country tunes are often very melodic. I was open to playing a few country songs, just to see what that was like.
What I found just fascinating about this is what seems to be the massive insecurity complex that Southerners have about the South. They compensate for it by writing songs that basically praise their lifestyle incessantly.
Northerners don't do that. We don't write songs about how great New England is. People on the West Coast don't do that, except for the occasional paean to how cute California girls are. Europeans don't write songs about how fabulous Europe is. Nobody else does that.
I just find that fascinating.
This entry was posted in Culture, Politics and tagged country music. Bookmark the permalink.
That is pretty interesting, now that you mention it.


Update (Dec. 3, 2016): Since the time of publication, Activison has announced the Call of Duty World League Global Pro LAN League, an offline league based in Columbus, OH featuring 16 NA/EU/APAC teams, two "stages," and promotion/relegation. Original article continues below.
Call of Duty publisher Activision is exploring options to potentially discontinue its online Call of Duty World League competition and launch an offline league to begin in the spring of next year.
The publisher's esports division held a conference call with many of its 2016 World League owners on Tuesday and proposed these competitive changes, multiple sources who participated in the call told ESPN.
Led by Kevin Flynn, the Call of Duty World League's senior manager of esports, Activision told teams that it would like to discontinue the competitions that were hosted on the PlayStation Network service in 2016. Instead, upon the release of its upcoming title -- Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare -- Activision would like to run consistent offline events through the winter and early spring, awarding circuit points depending on a team's placement.
Activision also proposed during the call that beginning sometime in March or April, it would like to host what it tentatively referred to as the "Global Super Bowl," an offline league consisting of roughly 16 teams (10 from North America, four or five from Europe, and one or two from Australia and New Zealand) based on rewarded circuit points to take place at the Major League Gaming Arena in Columbus, Ohio.
Activision Blizzard, a conglomerate of the two game development and publishing titans, purchased Major League Gaming and the company's assets on Jan. 4.
Activision said if it goes through with this plan, it will provide housing and relocation costs for all teams who participate. In between the splits of this proposed league, similar to the previous Call of Duty World League online competition, there will be a midseason transfer period.
Activision did not provide insight into the visa approval process that European and Oceanic competitors would have to go through to compete in this league. Traditionally, since December 2013, esports athletes wanting to compete in the United States regularly have applied and obtained P-1A internationally recognized athletes visas.
The proposal of changes comes after the Call of Duty World League system brought new challenges to the tournament structure. Occasionally, the PlayStation Network would crash for hours on end, causing matches to be canceled or rescheduled.
Should it choose to finalize these changes, Activision will join the growing list of publishers or leagues to host offline tournaments instead of online events. League of Legends developer and publisher Riot Games began its offline league, the League Championship Series, in 2013 to much fanfare, moving each team to Santa Monica, California, and Cologne, Germany. Additionally, Turner Broadcasting launched ELeague, an offline Counter-Strike: Global Offensive televised league, in 2016.
Activision did not respond to a request for comment on this article.


text:
FOSSIL[EPI]GENE
Genetic and epigenetic changes across 20 000 years: quantifying demographic and adaptive responses of mammal populations to climate change.
Throughout the whole planet, populations are facing unprecedented rates of climate change and habitat destruction by human activities. Most of current research has investigated the genetic consequences of environmental perturbation and the underlying epigenetic changes potentially mediating the stress response. This project will fill this important gap in our knowledge by directly quantifying both the demographic and adaptive responses to global climate change within late Pleistocene and early Holocene fossil populations. We will analyse an exceptional time series of subfossil bones from three mammal species, collected in the Igue du Gral, a karstic hole in South-Western France, which acted as a wide natural trap for the fauna during at least 20,000 years. This time period experience major environmental changes, following the last glacial maximum and early Holocene global warming. All macro-fossil bone samples are stored at the Museum of Natural History of Geneva and thus readily available for DNA analyses. Our work will focus on the three most abundant species of the 20+ mammal species found at Igue du Gral, i.e., the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), the European bison (Bison bonasus or Bison priscus), and the horse (Equus caballus). The available paleontological record will encompass 10 time points between ca 30,000 and 10,000 years ago, a time period characterized by abrupt changes in the climate of Europe, both in continental and Mediterranean areas, notably showing a drastic warming phase. Using techniques developed in our laboratory, we can reliably sequence a reduced representation of ancient genomes from such subfossils, and so analyse adaptive and neutral genetic dynamics as well as epigenetic changes in the form of DNA methylation marks (identified by specific post-mortem modifications). This project will for the first time offer sufficient samples in space and time as well as sufficient genetic markers to identify how past populations responded to environmental perturbation. By contrasting the respective evolutionary trajectories of each individual model species, our data will help advance current models of species extinction and response to global environmental change. In particular, we will characterize the genetic and epigenetic variants conditioning the capacity of individual species to respond to climate change. Our work will provide the necessary empirical data to refine current predictive models of future demographic and adaptive potential of mammal populations. This will be essential at a time of the sixth major biodiversity crisis.
Main coordinator = N. Alvarez, Museum of Geneva.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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It takes practice to train your brain to think positively, just like training your body to do physical tasks. This book provides that practice. Mixed Martial Artist Roxanne Modafferi, nicknamed "The Happy Warrior," explains her favorite ten key phrases which categorize different ways of thinking about situations. The book asks you to consider various situations in life, and provides written exercises for you to apply these positive ways of thinking. The goal is for you to be able to apply these ways of thinking to make your world a little brighter.
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Memoirs of a Happy Warrior is the true-life account of a young American women who moved to Japan and became a world-champion mixed martial artist. Available in print here on Amazon.


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http://lnu.diva-portal.org/smash/resultList.jsf?query=&language=sv&searchType=SIMPLE&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all&aq=%5B%5B%7B%22personId%22%3A%22authority-person%3A33099%22%7D%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&af=%5B%5D
Aeinehband, Shahin
Karolinska Institutet.
Lindblom, Rickard P. F.
Al Nimer, Faiez
Vijayaraghavan, Swetha
Sandholm, Kerstin
Khademi, Mohsen
Olsson, Tomas
Nilsson, Bo
Uppsala University.
Nilsson Ekdahl, Kristina
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB). Uppsala University.
Darreh-Shori, Taher
Complement Component C3 and Butyrylcholinesterase Activity Are Associated with Neurodegeneration and Clinical Disability in Multiple Sclerosis2015Ingår i: PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 10, nr 4, artikel-id e0122048 Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Dysregulation of the complement system is evident in many CNS diseases but mechanisms regulating complement activation in the CNS remain unclear. In a recent large rat genomewide expression profiling and linkage analysis we found co-regulation of complement C3 immediately downstream of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), an enzyme hydrolyzing acetylcholine (ACh), a classical neurotransmitter with immunoregulatory effects. We here determined levels of neurofilament-light (NFL), a marker for ongoing nerve injury, C3 and activity of the two main ACh hydrolyzing enzymes, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and BuChE, in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with MS (n = 48) and non-inflammatory controls (n = 18). C3 levels were elevated in MS patients compared to controls and correlated both to disability and NFL. C3 levels were not induced by relapses, but were increased in patients with >= 9 cerebral lesions on magnetic resonance imaging and in patients with progressive disease. BuChE activity did not differ at the group level, but was correlated to both C3 and NFL levels in individual samples. In conclusion, we show that CSF C3 correlates both to a marker for ongoing nerve injury and degree of disease disability. Moreover, our results also suggest a potential link between intrathecal cholinergic activity and complement activation. These results motivate further efforts directed at elucidating the regulation and effector functions of the complement system in MS, and its relation to cholinergic tone.
Bergman, Ingrid-Maria
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakultetsnämnden för naturvetenskap och teknik, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV.
Juul-Madsen, Helle R.
Heegaard, Peter M.
Edfors, Inger
MBL-A concentrations and MBL1 genotypes in European wild boars, Large White pigs, and wild boar/Large White crossbreds2010Ingår i: 8th European Colloquium on Acute Phase Proteins in Helsinki, 2010.08.25-2010.08.27, 2010, s. 25-26Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB). Aarhus University, Denmark.
Okumura, Naohiko
Institute of Society for Techno-innovation of Agriculture, Japan.
Uenishi, Hirohide
National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Japan.
Guldbrandtsen, Bernt
Aarhus University, Denmark.
Essler, Sabine
Univ of Veterinary Medicine, Austria.
Knoll, Ales
Mendel University, Czech Republic.
Heegaard, Peter
Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
Juul-Madsen, Helle
MBL1 genotypes in wild boar populations from Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic and Japan2013Ingår i: International Journal of Immunogenetics, ISSN 1744-3121, E-ISSN 1744-313X, Vol. 40, nr 2, s. 131-139Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G949T in the mannose-binding lectin (MBL) 1 gene has been associated with low MBL-A concentration in serum and detected at different frequencies in various European pig populations. However, the origin of this SNP is not known. Part of the MBL1 gene was sequenced in 12 wild boar/Large White crossbred pigs from the second backcross (BC 2) generation in a family material originating from two wild boar x Large White intercrosses. Also, MBL-A serum concentration was measured in the entire BC 2 generation (n = 45). Furthermore, the genotypes of 68 wild boars from Sweden, Austria, the Czech Republic, and Japan were determined in regard to five previously described SNPs in MBL1. The T allele of G949T was present among the BC 2 animals. MBL-A serum concentration in the BC 2 animals showed a bimodal distribution, with one-third of the animals at levels between 0.7 and 1.6 μg mL−1 and the remaining pigs at levels around 13 μg mL−1. There was a co-variation between the presence of the T allele and low MBL-A concentration in serum. The genotyping of the wild boars revealed differences between populations. The T allele of G949T was not detected in the Austrian and Japanese samples and is thus unlikely to be an original feature of wild boars. In contrast, it was present at high frequency (0.35) among the Swedish wild boars, probably representing a founder effect. Five MBL1 haplotypes were resolved. Only two of these were present among the Japanese wild boars compared to four in each of the European populations. This difference may reflect differences in selection pressure and population history.
Bexborn, Fredrik
Engberg, Anna E.
Mollnes, Tom Eirik
Hong, Jaan
Hirudin versus heparin for use in whole blood in vitro biocompatibility models2009Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A, ISSN 1549-3296, E-ISSN 1552-4965, Vol. 89A, nr 4, s. 951-959Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Background: Heparin has traditionally been a widely used anticoagulant in blood research, but has been shown to be inappropriate for work with the complement system because of its complement-interacting properties. In this work, we have compared the effects of heparin with those of the specific thrombin inhibitor hirudin on complement and blood cells in vitro.
Methods: Whole blood collected in the presence of hirudin (50 µg/mL) or heparin (1 IU/mL) was incubated in the slide chamber model. The plasma was analyzed for complement activation markers C3a and sC5b-9, and the polyvinylchloride test slides were stained for adhering cells. The integrity of the complement system was tested by incubating serum and hirudin-treated plasma in the presence of various activating agents.
Results: In contrast to heparin, the addition of hirudin generally preserved the complement reactivity, and complement activation in hirudin plasma closely resembled that in normal serum. Importantly, immunochemical staining of surface-bound cells demonstrated the inducible expression of tissue factor on bound monocytes from hirudin-treated blood, an effect that was completely abolished in heparin-treated blood.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that hirudin as an anticoagulant produces more physiological conditions than heparin, making hirudin well-suited for in vitro studies, especially those addressing the regulation of cellular processes.
5. Boij, Roland
Svensson, Judit
Lindahl, Tomas
Palonek, Elzbieta
Garle, Mats
Berg, Mats
Ernerudh, Jan
Jenmalm, Mats
Matthiesen, Leif
Biomarkers of coagulation, inflammation and angiogenesis are independently associated with preeclampsia2012Ingår i: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology and Microbiology, ISSN 8755-8920, Vol. 68, nr 3, s. 258-270Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Problem Although preeclampsia has been associated with inflammation, coagulation, and angiogenesis, their correlation and relative contribution are unknown. Method of Study About 114 women with preeclampsia, 31 with early onset (EOP) and 83 with late onset preeclampsia (LOP), and 100 normal pregnant controls were included. A broad panel of 32 biomarkers reflecting coagulation, inflammation, and angiogenesis was analyzed. Results Preeclampsia was associated with decreased antithrombin, IL-4 and placental growth factor levels and with increased C3a, pentraxin-3, and sFlt-1 levels, with more marked differences in the EOP group. The Th1-associated chemokines CXCL10 and CXCL11 were significantly higher in the preeclampsia and EOP group than in controls, respectively. No correlations between the biomarkers were found in preeclampsia. Multivariate logistic regression tests confirmed the results. Conclusions Cytokines, chemokines and complement activation seem to be part of a Th1-like inflammatory reaction in preeclampsia, most pronounced in EOP, where chemokines may be more useful than cytokines as biomarkers. Biomarkers were not correlated suggesting partly independent or in time separated mechanisms.
Carlsson, Hanna
Kalmar County Hospital.
Tjernberg, Ivar
Complement activation in asymptomatic Lyme borreliosis and neuroborreliosis2015Ingår i: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 67, nr 1, s. 128-128Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Ekstrand-Hammarström, Barbro
Swedish Def Res Agcy, Linköping.
Davoodpour, Padideh
Bucht, Anders
Umeå University.
TiO2 nanoparticles tested in a novel screening whole human blood model of toxicity trigger adverse activation of the kallikrein system at low concentrations2015Ingår i: Biomaterials, ISSN 0142-9612, E-ISSN 1878-5905, Vol. 51, s. 58-68Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
There is a compelling need to understand and assess the toxicity of industrially produced nanoparticles (NPs). In order to appreciate the long-term effects of NPs, sensitive human-based screening tests that comprehensively map the NP properties are needed to detect possible toxic mechanisms. Animal models can only be used in a limited number of test applications and are subject to ethical concerns, and the interpretation of experiments in animals is also distorted by the species differences. Here, we present a novel easy-to-perform highly sensitive whole-blood model using fresh non-anticoagulated human blood, which most justly reflects complex biological cross talks in a human system. As a demonstrator of the tests versatility, we evaluated the toxicity of TiO2 NPs that are widely used in various applications and otherwise considered to have relatively low toxic properties. We show that TiO2 NPs at very low concentrations (50 ng/mL) induce strong activation of the contact system, which in this model elicits thromboinflammation. These data are in line with the finding of components of the contact system in the protein corona of the TiO2 NPs after exposure to blood. The contact system activation may lead to both thrombotic reactions and generation of bradykinin, thereby representing fuel for chronic inflammation in vivo and potentially long-term risk of autoimmunity, arteriosclerosis and cancer. These results support the notion that this novel whole-blood model represents an important contribution to testing of NP toxicity. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB). Region Skåne.
Nilsson, Per H.
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB). Oslo Univ Hosp, Rikshosp, Norway;Univ Oslo, Norway.
Huang, Shan
Fromell, Karin
Hamad, Osama A.
Univ Oslo, Norway;Univ Tromsö, Norway.
Rosengren-Holmberg, Jenny P.
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB). Swedish Natl Lab Forens Sci, Linköping.
Teramura, Yuji
Uppsala University;Univ Tokyo, Japan.
Nicholls, Ian A.
Prediction of inflammatory responses induced by biomaterials in contact with human blood using protein fingerprint from plasma2015Ingår i: Biomaterials, ISSN 0142-9612, E-ISSN 1878-5905, Vol. 36, s. 55-65Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Inappropriate complement activation is often responsible for incompatibility reactions that occur when biomaterials are used. Complement activation is therefore a criterion included in legislation regarding biomaterials testing. However, no consensus is yet available regarding appropriate complement-activation-related test parameters. We examined protein adsorption in plasma and complement activation/cytokine release in whole blood incubated with well-characterized polymers. Strong correlations were found between the ratio of C4 to its inhibitor C4BP and generation of 10 (mainly pro-inflammatory) cytokines, including IL-17, IFN-gamma, and IL-6. The levels of complement activation products correlated weakly (C3a) or not at all (C5a, sC5b-9), confirming their poor predictive values. We have demonstrated a direct correlation between downstream biological effects and the proteins initially adhering to an artificial surface after contact with blood. Consequently, we propose the C4/C4BP ratio as a robust, predictor of biocompatibility with superior specificity and sensitivity over the current gold standard. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB). Univ Oslo, Rikshosp, Univ Hosp, Norway.
Mollnes, T. E.
The ratio between C4 and C4BP adsorbed to artificial materials is a new predictor for biocompatibility2013Ingår i: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 56, nr 3, s. 309-309Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Persson, Jenny
Lindahl, Gunnar
Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen. Uppsala University.
Inhibition of complement activation on a model biomaterial surface by streptococcal M protein-derived peptides2009Ingår i: Biomaterials, ISSN 0142-9612, E-ISSN 1878-5905, Vol. 30, nr 13, s. 2653-2659Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
The aim of this study was to evaluate a new approach to inhibit complement activation triggered by biomaterial surfaces in contact with blood. In order to inhibit complement activation initiated by the classical pathway (CP), we used streptococcal M protein-derived peptides that specifically bind human C4BP, an inhibitor of the CP. The peptides were used to coat polystyrene microtiter wells which served as a model biomaterial. The ability of coated peptides to bind C4BP and to attenuate complement activation via the CP (monitored as generation of fluid-phase C3a and binding of fragments of C3 and C4 to the surface) was investigated using diluted normal human serum, where complement activation by the AP is minimal, as well as serum from a patient lacking alternative pathway activation. Complement activation (all parameters) was significantly decreased in serum incubated in well surfaces coated with peptides. Total inhibition of complement activation was obtained at peptide coating concentrations as low as 1-5 mu g/mL. Successful use of Streptococcus-derived peptides shows that it is feasible to control complement activation at a model biomaterial surface by capturing autologous complement regulatory molecules from plasma. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB). University and Regional Laboratories Region Skåne.
Jonsson, Nina
Oslo University Hospital Rikshopsitalet, Norway;University of Oslo, Norway;Nordland Hospital, Norway; University of Tromsø, Norway;Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
Reciprocal relationship between contact and complement system activation on artificial polymers exposed to whole human blood.2016Ingår i: Biomaterials, ISSN 0142-9612, E-ISSN 1878-5905, Vol. 77, s. 111-119Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
BACKGROUND: Inappropriate and uncontrolled activation of the cascade systems in the blood is a driving force in adverse inflammatory and thrombotic reactions elicited by biomaterials, but limited data are available on the activation of the contact system by polymers and the present study was undertaken to investigate these mechanisms in established models.
METHODS: Polymer particles were incubated in (1) EDTA-plasma (10 mM) to monitor the adsorption of 20 selected proteins; (2) lepirudin-anticoagulated plasma to evaluate contact system activation, monitored by the formation of complexes between the generated proteases factor[F]XIIa, FXIa and kallikrein and the serpins C1-inhibitor [C1INH] and antithrombin [AT]; (3) lepirudin-anticoagulated whole blood to determine cytokine release.
RESULTS: Strong negative correlations were found between 10 cytokines and the ratio of deposited FXII/C1INH, generated FXIIa-C1INH complexes, and kallikrein-C1INH complexes. Formation of FXIIa-C1INH complexes correlated negatively with the amount of C3a and positively with deposited IgG.
CONCLUSIONS: A reciprocal relationship was found between activation of the contact system and the complement system induced by the polymers studied here. The ratios of FXII/C1INH or C4/C4BP, adsorbed from EDTA-plasma are useful surrogate markers for cytokine release and inflammatory response to materials intended for blood contact.
Elmlund, Louise
Regulation of complement in whole blood by heparin molecularly imprinted polymer particles2012Ingår i: Immunobiology, ISSN 0171-2985, E-ISSN 1878-3279, Vol. 217, nr 11, s. 1199-1199Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Nilsson, Anders
Gambro Lundia AB.
Wieslander, Anders
Grundström, Gunilla
Hancock, Viktoria
Low concentrations of citrate reduce complement and granulocyte activation in vitro in human blood2015Ingår i: Clinical Kidney Journal, ISSN 2048-8505, E-ISSN 2048-8513, Vol. 8, nr 1, s. 31-37 Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
BACKGROUND:The use of acetate in haemodialysis fluids may induce negative effects in patients including nausea and increased inflammation. Therefore, haemodialysis fluids where acetate is substituted with citrate have recently been developed. In this study, we investigated the biocompatibility of citrate employing concentrations used in haemodialysis.
METHODS:The effects of citrate and acetate were investigated in human whole blood in vitro under conditions promoting biomaterial-induced activation. Complement activation was measured as generation of C3a, C5a and the sC5b-9 complex, and granulocyte activation as up-regulation of CD11b expression. For the experimental set-up, a mathematical model was created to calculate the concentrations of acetate and citrate attained during haemodialysis.
RESULTS:Citrate reduced granulocyte activation and did not induce higher complement activation compared with acetate at concentrations attained during haemodialysis. Investigating different citrate concentrations clearly showed that citrate is a potent complement inhibitor already at low concentrations, i.e. 0.25 mM, which is comparable with concentrations detected in the blood of patients during dialysis with citrate-containing fluids. Increased citrate concentration up to 6 mM further reduced the activation of C3a, C5a and sC5b-9, as well as the expression of CD11b.
CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that citrate is a promising substitute for acetate for a more biocompatible dialysis, most likely resulting in less adverse effects for the patients.
Rorsman, Fredrik
Uppsala University Hospital.
An assay to monitor in vitro generation of non-proteolytically activated C3 in human plasmaManuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
iC3 generation elicited by the presence of ammonia and urea in human plasma2015Ingår i: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 67, nr 1, s. 145-145Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Kozarcanin, H.
Lood, C.
Skåne University Hospital;Lund University.
Munthe-Fog, L.
University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hamad, O. A.
Bengtsson, A. A.
Skjoedt, M. -O
Huber-Lang, M.
University Hospital of Ulm, Germany.
Garred, P.
The lectin complement pathway serine proteases (MASPs) represent a possible crossroad between the coagulation and complement systems in thromboinflammation2016Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, ISSN 1538-7933, E-ISSN 1538-7836, Vol. 14, nr 3, s. 531-545Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
The lectin pathway's MASP-1/2 activates coagulation factors but the trigger of the activation is unknown. MASP-1/2 activation was assessed by quantifying complexes between MASPs and antithrombin/C1-inhibitor. Activated platelets and fibrin were demonstrated to activate MASP-1 and MASP-2 both invitro and invivo. These findings may represent a crossroad between the complement and the coagulation systems. Summary Background The activated forms of the complement lectin pathway (LP) proteases MASP-1 and MASP-2 are able to cleave the coagulation factors prothrombin, fibrinogen, factor XIII and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor invitro. In vivo studies also show that MASP-1 is involved in thrombogenesis. Objectives To clarify the not yet identified mechanisms involved in triggering activation of the LP during thrombotic reactions. Methods Novel sandwich-ELISAs for detection of complexes between MASP-1 or MASP-2 and the serpins C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) or antithrombin (AT), were used to specifically detect and quantify the activated forms of MASP-1 and MASP-2. Results Activated platelets were shown by flow cytometry to bind Ficolin-1, -2 and -3 but not MBL, which was associated with activation of MASP-1 and MASP-2. We also demonstrated that fibrin and the plasmin-generated fibrin fragment DD in plasma, bind and activate MASP-1 and MASP-2. As demonstrated by the ELISA and SDS-PAGE/Western blotting, the fibrin-associated activation was reflected in a specific inactivation by AT during clotting without the assistance of heparin. In all other cases the MASPs were, as previously reported, inactivated by C1-INH. In systemic lupus erythematosus patients with thrombotic disease and in polytrauma patients, the levels of activated MASP-1 and MASP-2 in complex with both AT and C1-INH were associated with markers of thrombotic disease and contact/coagulation system activation. Conclusions MASP-1 and MASP-2 are activated during blood clotting. This activation is triggered by activated platelets and by the generation of fibrin during thrombotic reactions invitro and invivo, and may represent a novel activation/amplification mechanism in thromboinflammation.
Kozarcanin, Huda
Lood, Christian
Skåne Univ Hosp, Sweden;Lund Univ, Sweden.
Munthe-Fog, Lea
Univ Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hamad, Osama
Skjoedt, Mikkel-Ole
Bengtsson, Anders
Huber-Lang, Markus
Univ Hosp Ulm, Germany.
Garred, Peter
The lectin complement pathway serine proteases bridges the complement and the coagulation systems in thrombotic diseases2015Ingår i: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 67, nr 1, s. 153-153Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Labriere, Christophe
UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Norway;Univ Aberdeen, UK.
Kondori, Nahid
University of Gothenburg.
Caous, Josefin Seth
RISE Res Inst Sweden.
Boomgaren, Marc
UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Norway.
Hansen, Jorn H.
Svenson, Johan
UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Norway;RISE Res Inst Sweden.
Development and evaluation of cationic amphiphilic antimicrobial 2,5-diketopiperazines2018Ingår i: Journal of Peptide Science, ISSN 1075-2617, E-ISSN 1099-1387, Vol. 24, nr 7, artikel-id UNSP e3090Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Both pathogenic bacteria and fungi are developing resistance to common antimicrobial treatment at an alarming rate. To counteract this development, it is of essence to develop new classes of antimicrobial agents. One such class is antimicrobial peptides, most of which are derived from the innate immune system. In this study, a series of novel 2,5-diketopiperazines were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antimicrobial abilities. The compounds were designed to probe the pharmacophore dictated for short linear mimics of antimicrobial cationic peptides, and as such, the compounds contain a range of cationic and hydrophobic functionalities. Several of the prepared compounds displayed high antimicrobial activities toward bacteria and also against human pathogenic fungi. Of particular interest was the high activity toward fungal strains with an inherent increased resistance toward conventional antifungal agents. The most effective compounds displayed inhibition of Candida glabrata and Candida krusei growth at concentrations between 4 and 8 mu g/mL, which is comparable to commercial antifungal agents in use. Structure activity relationship studies revealed a similar dependence on cationic charge and the volume of the hydrophobic bulk as for linear cationic antimicrobial peptides. Finally, the hemolytic activity of selected compounds was evaluated, which revealed a potential to produce active compounds with attenuation of unwanted hemolysis. The findings highlight the potential of cyclic cationic amphiphilic peptidomimetics as a class of promising compounds for the treatment of infections caused by microorganisms with an increased resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents.
Karolinska Institutet;Uppsala University.
Aeinehband, Shainn
Ström, Mikael
Complement receptor 2 is increased in cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients and regulates C3 function2016Ingår i: Clinical Immunology, ISSN 1521-6616, E-ISSN 1521-7035, Vol. 166, s. 89-95Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Besides its vital role in immunity, the complement system also contributes to the shaping of the synaptic circuitry of the brain. We recently described that soluble Complement Receptor 2 (sCR2) is part of the nerve injury response in rodents. We here study CR2 in context of multiple sclerosis (MS) and explore the molecular effects of CR2 on C3 activation.
Significant increases in sCR2 levels were evident in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from both patients with relapsing-remitting MS (n = 33; 6.2 ng/mL) and secondary-progressive MS (n = 9; 7.0 ng/mL) as compared to controls (n = 18; 4.1 ng/mL). Furthermore, CSF sCR2 levels correlated significantly both with CSF C3 and C1q as well as to a disease severity measure. In vitro, sCR2 inhibited the cleavage and down regulation of C3b to iC3b, suggesting that it exerts a modulatory role in complement activation downstream of C3.
These results propose a novel function for CR2/sCR2 in human neuroinflammatory conditions.
Mohebnasab, Maedeh
Univ Penn, USA.
Eriksson, Oskar
Uppsala University, Sweden.
Persson, Barbro
Mohlin, Camilla
Keating, Brendan J.
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB). Uppsala University, Sweden.
Current and Future Approaches for Monitoring Responses to Anti-complement Therapeutics2019Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology, ISSN 1664-3224, E-ISSN 1664-3224, Vol. 10, s. 1-13, artikel-id 2539 Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
Aberrations in complement system functions have been identified as either direct or indirect pathophysiological mechanisms in many diseases and pathological conditions, such as infections, autoimmune diseases, inflammation, malignancies, and allogeneic transplantation. Currently available techniques to study complement include quantification of (a) individual complement components, (b) complement activation products, and (c) molecular mechanisms/function. An emerging area of major interest in translational studies aims to study and monitor patients on complement regulatory drugs for efficacy as well as adverse events. This area is progressing rapidly with several anti-complement therapeutics under development, in clinical trials, or already in clinical use. In this review, we summarized the appropriate indications, techniques, and interpretations of basic complement analyses, exemplified by a number of clinical disorders.
Petrus-Reurer, S.
Karolinska Institutet;Karolinska Univ Hosp.
Lanner, F.
Kvanta, A.
Nilsson, B.
Complement system proteins in human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells co-cultured with or without porcine retina2017Ingår i: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 89, s. 162-163Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Petrus-Reurer, Sandra
Karolinska Institutet;Karolinska University Hospital.
Lanner, Fredrik
Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB). Univ Oslo, Norway.
Is the polarized secretion of complement factor H of importance in age-related macular degeneration?2018Ingår i: Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, ISSN 0146-0404, E-ISSN 1552-5783, Vol. 59, nr 9Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Kvanta, Anders
Johansson, Kjell
Örebro university.
A model to study complement involvement in experimental retinal degeneration.2018Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, E-ISSN 2000-1967, Vol. 123, nr 1, s. 28-42Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
BACKGROUND: The complement system (CS) plays a role in the pathogenesis of a number of ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, uveitis, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Given that many of the complex eye-related degenerative diseases have limited treatment opportunities, we aimed to mimic the in vivo retinal degenerative process by developing a relevant co-culture system.
METHOD AND MATERIALS: The adult porcine retina was co-cultured with the spontaneously arising human retinal pigment epithelial cells-19 (ARPE-19).
RESULTS: Inflammatory activity was found after culture and included migrating microglial cells, gliosis, cell death, and CS activation (demonstrated by a minor increase in the secreted anaphylotoxin C3a in co-culture). CS components, including C1q, C3, C4, soluble C5b-9, and the C5a receptor, were expressed in the retina and/or ARPE cells after culture. C1q, C3, and CS regulators such as C4 binding protein (C4BP), factor H (CFH), and factor I (CFI) were secreted after culture.
DISCUSSION: Thus, our research indicates that this co-culturing system may be useful for investigations of the CS and its involvement in experimental neurodegenerative diseases.
The link between morphology and complement in ocular disease2017Ingår i: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 89, s. 84-99Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
The complement system is a vital component of the immune-priveliged human eye that is always active at a low-grade level, preventing harmful intraocular injuries caused by accumulation of turnover products and controlling pathogens to preserve eye homeostasis and vision. The complement system is a double-edged sword that is essential for protection but may also become harmful and contribute to eye pathology. Here, we review the evidence for the involvement of complement system dysregulation in age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, uveitis, and neuromyelitis optica, highlighting the relationship between morphogical changes and complement system protein expression and regulation in these diseases. The potential benefits of complement inhibition in age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, uveitis, and neuromyelitis optica are abundant, as are those of further research to improve our understanding of complement-mediated injury in these diseases.
Blomberg, Carolina
Henningsson Johnsson, Anna
Dahle, Charlotte
Håkansson, Irene
Systemic and Intrathecal Complement Activation in Multiple Sclerosis and Guillan-Barré Syndrome2009Ingår i: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 46, nr 14, s. 2848-2848Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Henningsson, A. J
Ryhov County Hospital.
Forsberg, Pia
Linköping University.
Ekerfelt, Christina
Immunity in borreliosis with special emphasis on the role of complement2007Ingår i: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, ISSN 0065-2598, E-ISSN 2214-8019, Vol. 598, s. 198-213Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Adler, Anna
Aman, Amanda
Manivel, Vivek Anand
Is generation of C-3(H2O) necessary for activation of the alternative pathway in real life?2019Ingår i: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 114, s. 353-361Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
In the alternative pathway (AP) an amplification loop is formed, which is strictly controlled by various fluid-phase and cell-bound regulators resulting in a state of homeostasis. Generation of the "C3b-like" C3(H2O) has been described as essential for AP activation, since it conveniently explains how the initial fluid-phase AP convertase of the amplification loop is generated. Also, the AP has a status of being an unspecific pathway despite thorough regulation at different surfaces. During complement attack in pathological conditions and inflammation, large amounts of C3b are formed by the classical/lectin pathway (CP/LP) convertases. After the discovery of LP's recognition molecules and its tight interaction with the AP, it is increasingly likely that the AP acts in vivo mainly as a powerful amplification mechanism of complement activation that is triggered by previously generated C3b molecules initiated by the binding of specific recognition molecules. Also in many pathological conditions caused by a dysregulated AP amplification loop such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobulinuria (PNH) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), C3b is available due to minute LP and CP activation and/or generated by non-complement proteases. Therefore, C3(H2O) generation in vivo may be less important for AP activation during specific attack or dysregulated homeostasis, but may be an important ligand for C3 receptors in cell-cell interactions and a source of C3 for the intracellular complement reservoir.
Skattum, Lillemor
Interpretation of Serological Complement Biomarkers in Disease2018Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology, ISSN 1664-3224, E-ISSN 1664-3224, Vol. 9, artikel-id 2237 Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
Complement systemaberrations have been identified as pathophysiological mechanisms in a number of diseases and pathological conditions either directly or indirectly. Examples of such conditions include infections, inflammation, autoimmune disease, as well as allogeneic and xenogenic transplantation. Both prospective and retrospective studies have demonstrated significant complement-related differences between patient groups and controls. However, due to the low degree of specificity and sensitivity of some of the assays used, it is not always possible to make predictions regarding the complement status of individual patients. Today, there are three main indications for determination of a patient's complement status: (1) complement deficiencies (acquired or inherited); (2) disorders with aberrant complement activation; and (3) C1 inhibitor deficiencies (acquired or inherited). An additional indication is to monitor patients on complement-regulating drugs, an indication which may be expected to increase in the near future since there is now a number of such drugs either under development, already in clinical trials or in clinical use. Available techniques to study complement include quantification of: (1) individual components; (2) activation products, (3) function, and (4) autoantibodies to complement proteins. In this review, we summarize the appropriate indications, techniques, and interpretations of basic serological complement analyses, exemplified by a number of clinical disorders.
Development and evaluation of immunoassays for complement diagnostics2019Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Laboratory analyses of human body fluids play an important role in clinical diagnosis. This thesis comprises projects in which various immune assays have been developed and evaluated as complement diagnostics in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Various methods have been used, such as ELISA, Western blot, flow cytometry, and xMAP technology.
In paper 1, we monitored complement parameters in EDTA-plasma and CSF from patients with suspected neuroborreliosis (NB) by using in-house sandwich ELISAs. We found significantly elevated levels of C1q, C4, C3, and C3a in CSF, but not in plasma, suggesting that complement plays a role in the intrathecal immune response in NB.
Complement is a main player in early inflammation, and in paper 2, we investigated the role of complement activation in phagocytosis and the release of cytokines and chemokines in response to two clinical isolates: Borrelia afzelii K78 and Borrelia garinii LU59. Our results show that complement activation plays an important role in the initial process of phagocytosis, but not in the subsequent cytokine release that occurs in response to live Borrelia spirochetes. C1q, a valuable biomarker of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), can be quantitated using a number of different immunochemical techniques.
In paper 3, we developed and validated a magnetic bead-based immunoassay for quantifying C1q in EDTA-plasma and CSF. In contrast to soluble immunoprecipitation assays such as nephelometry and turbidimetry, this new assay was not hampered by the interaction between C1q and detecting antibodies. The novel assay was shown to give a clear correlation between nephritis and SLEDAI score in SLE.
Warfarin is a commonly used but complicated treatment in patients with thrombosis. It reduces the function of vitamin K-dependent coagulation proteins, including protein S, which is a ligand for C4b-binding protein (C4BP). In paper 4, we demonstrated a decrease in various isoforms of C4BP that resulted in a strong complement activation in patients treated with warfarin, but not in patients treated with other anticoagulants.
Taken together, the results from the papers included in this thesis stress the importance of validated assays with high sensitivity and specificity in enabling accurate diagnosis in patients with various inflammatory diseases.
Linköping University, Sweden;Region Kalmar county, Sweden.
Lund University, Sweden.
Discrepancies in plasma levels of complement components measured by a newly introduced commercially available magnetic bead technique compared to presently available clinical reference intervals2019Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, ISSN 0300-9475, E-ISSN 1365-3083, artikel-id e12831Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Henningsson, Anna J.
Bergstrom, Sven
Complement activation and phagocytosis in vitro of two strains of Borrelia burgdorferi S.L2012Ingår i: Immunobiology, ISSN 0171-2985, E-ISSN 1878-3279, Vol. 217, nr 11, s. 1153-1153Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Säve, Susanne
Bergström, Sven
Early Cytokine Release in Response to Live Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Spirochetes Is Largely Complement Independent2014Ingår i: PLoS ONE, ISSN 1932-6203, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 9, nr 9, s. e108013- Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Aim: Here we investigated the role of complement activation in phagocytosis and the release of cytokines and chemokines in response to two clinical isolates: Borrelia afzelii K78, which is resistant to complement-mediated lysis, and Borrelia garinii LU59, which is complement-sensitive. Methods: Borrelia spirochetes were incubated in hirudin plasma, or hirudin-anticoagulated whole blood. Complement activation was measured as the generation of C3a and sC5b-9. Binding of the complement components C3, factor H, C4, and C4BP to the bacterial surfaces was analyzed. The importance of complement activation on phagocytosis, and on the release of cytokines and chemokines, was investigated using inhibitors acting at different levels of the complement cascade. Results: 1) Borrelia garinii LU59 induced significantly higher complement activation than did Borrelia afzelii K78. 2) Borrelia afzelii K78 recruited higher amounts of factor H resulting in significantly lower C3 binding. 3) Both Borrelia strains were efficiently phagocytized by granulocytes and monocytes, with substantial inhibition by complement blockade at the levels of C3 and C5. 4) The release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF, CCL20, and CXCL8, together with the anti-inflammatory IL-10, were increased the most (by>10-fold after exposure to Borrelia). 5) Both strains induced a similar release of cytokines and chemokines, which in contrast to the phagocytosis, was almost totally unaffected by complement blockade. Conclusions: Our results show that complement activation plays an important role in the process of phagocytosis but not in the subsequent cytokine release in response to live Borrelia spirochetes.
Eggertsen, Gösta
Nyman, Dag
Aland Cent Hosp, Finland.
Gunnarsson, Iva
Svenungson, Elisabet
Evaluation of a Novel Immunoassay for Quantification of C1q for Clinical Diagnostic Use2019Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology, ISSN 1664-3224, E-ISSN 1664-3224, Vol. 10, artikel-id 7 Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Objectives: C1q is a valuable biomarker of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The "gold standard" assay, rocket immunoelectrophoresis (RIE), is time-consuming, and thus a shift to soluble immune precipitation techniques such as nephelometry has occurred. However, quantification of C1q with these techniques has been questioned as a result of the antibody binding properties of C1q. In the present work, we have compared results using various techniques (RIE, nephelometry, and ELISA) and have developed and validated a new magnetic bead-based sandwich immunoassay (MBSI). Methods: C1q was quantified by nephelometry and the new sandwich immunoassay in 45 serum samples analyzed using RIE. C1q was also assessed in plasma using RIE and sandwich immunoassay in samples from SLE patients with nephritis (n = 69), SLE patients without nephritis (n = 310) as classified by BILAG score, and matched controls (n = 322). In addition, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 31 patients, previously analyzed with ELISA, were also analyzed with the MBSI to test the behavior of this new assay in the lower detection range. Results: We found a strong correlation between the new MBSI, RIE, and ELISA, but not with nephelometry. The MBSI demonstrated lower levels of C1q in SLE patients than in matched controls (p < 0.0001), and patients with nephritis had lower levels than patients without nephritis (p < 0.01). Similarily, RIE showed significant differences between the patient groups (p < 0.0001). An association was also found between the levels of C1q and the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). Furthermore, there was good correlation between the values obtained by MBSI and ELISA, in both serum (r = 0.960) and CSF (r = 0.786), underscoring the ability of both techniques to measure low concentrations of C1q with high accuracy. Conclusion: The sandwich immunoassay correlated well with RIE, but soluble immune precipitation techniques, such as nephelometry, did not appear suitable alternatives, since C1q itself, and possibly anti-C1q antibodies, interfered with the measurements. The new sandwich immunoassay is therefore a good replacement for RIE in monitoring SLE disease activity.
Wijkstrom, Elisabeth
University Hospital, Uppsala.
Validations of assays for the evaluation of C1q in inflammatory diseases and thromboinflammation2015Ingår i: Molecular Immunology, ISSN 0161-5890, E-ISSN 1872-9142, Vol. 67, nr 1, s. 176-177Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Tjernberg, Anna Rockert
Region Kalmar, Sweden;Örebro University, Sweden.
Woksepp, Hanna
Region Kalmar, Sweden.
Johansson, Marcus
Region Kalmar, SwedenRegion Kalmar, Sweden;Linköping University, Sweden.
Linköping University, Sweden;Linköping University Hospital, Sweden.
Ludvigsson, Jonas F.
Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Örebro University Hospital, Sweden.
Bonnedahl, Jonas
Linköping University, Sweden.
Celiac disease and complement activation in response to Streptococcus pneumoniae2019Ingår i: European Journal of Pediatrics, ISSN 0340-6199, E-ISSN 1432-1076Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
Individuals with celiac disease (CD) are at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). The aim of this study was to explore whether the complement response to Streptococcus pneumoniae differed according to CD status, and could serve as an explanation for the excess risk of IPD in CD. Twenty-two children with CD and 18 controls, born 1999-2008, were included at Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden. The degree of complement activation was evaluated by comparing levels of activation products C3a and sC5b-9 in plasma incubated for 30 min with Streptococcus pneumoniae and in non-incubated plasma. Complement analyses were performed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pneumococcal stimulation caused a statistically significant increase in C3a as well as sC5b-9 in both children with CD and controls but there was no difference in response between the groups. After incubation, C3a increased on average 4.6 times and sC5b-9 22 times in both the CD and the control group (p = 0.497 and p = 0.724 respectively). Conclusion: Complement response to Streptococcus pneumoniae seems to be similar in children with and without CD and is thus unlikely to contribute to the increased susceptibility to invasive pneumococcal disease in CD.


text:
import os
import time
import json

from itertools import groupby
from MySQLdb import connect

def refresh(cur):
    cur.execute("SELECT address, job, zone FROM instances")

    tgs = []
    for key, vals in groupby(cur.fetchall(), key=lambda r: (r[1], r[2])):
        tgs.append({
            'labels': dict(zip(['job', 'zone'], key)),
            'targets': [t[0] for t in vals],
        })

    with open('tgroups/target_groups.json.new', 'w') as f:
        json.dump(tgs, f)
        f.flush()
        os.fsync(f.fileno())

    os.rename('tgroups/target_groups.json.new', 'tgroups/target_groups.json')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    while True:
        with connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'test') as cur:
            refresh(cur)
        time.sleep(30)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


D.C. United academy product Ian Harkes won the 2016 MAC Hermann Trophy, the award recognizing NCAA Division I soccer's top player, in a ceremony at the Missouri Athletic Club in St. Louis on Friday night.
The son of former United great and longtime US national team star John Harkes, Ian captained Wake Forest University to the 2016 College Cup final, where the Demon Deacons lost the national championship to Stanford in a nail-biting penalty-kick shootout at BBVA Compass Stadium in Houston.
The Hermann Trophy is awarded via a vote among NCAA Division I coaches in the National Soccer Coaches Association of America (NSCAA). Friday's event also featured West Virginia University defender and Canadian women's national teamer Kadeisha Buchanan winning the 2016 women's award.
A two-way central midfielder, Harkes scored the game-winning goal in double overtime of Wake's College Cup semifinal win over Denver, capping a stellar season in which he scored five goals and four assists in 23 games as the Demon Deacons rolled to a 19-3-3 overall record. He has already been honored as the Atlantic Coast Conference's midfielder of the year, MVP of the ACC tournament and the most outstanding offensive player in the NCAA tournament.
John Harkes also won college soccer's top award, earning MAC Player of the Year honors back in 1987 as a star midfielder for the University of Virginia. He and Ian are the first father-son duo to be so honored. Ian's mother Cindi was also a star player at Virginia and is a member of the Virginia-D.C. Soccer Hall of Fame.
The Washington Post reported last month that D.C. United have extended a Homegrown contract offer to Ian Harkes, and on Friday claimed that the two sides remain in negotiations.
Many past Hermann Trophy winners have gone on to successful MLS careers, including active players Jordan Morris, Patrick Mullins (Maryland, 2012 and 2013) Andrew Wenger (Duke, 2011), Darlington Nagbe (Akron, 2010), Teal Bunbury (Akron, 2009) and Chris Wingert (St. John's, 2003), as well as current New England Revolution head coach Jay Heaps (Duke, 1998).
Over the decades an array of notable names like Mia Hamm, Tony Meola, Alexi Lalas, Michelle Akers, Claudio Reyna, Brad Friedel and Bruce Murray have also claimed the honor, which dates back to 1967.


text:
<?php

namespace Leafo\ScssPhp\Formatter;

use Leafo\ScssPhp\Formatter;
use Leafo\ScssPhp\Formatter\OutputBlock;

/**
 * Nested formatter
 *
 * @author Leaf Corcoran <leafot@gmail.com>
 */
class Nested extends Formatter
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     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    protected function blockSelectors(OutputBlock $block)
    {
        $inner = $this->indentStr();

        echo $inner
            . implode($this->tagSeparator, $block->selectors)
            . $this->open . $this->break;
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    protected function blockChildren(OutputBlock $block)
    {
        foreach ($block->children as $i => $child) {
            $this->block($child);

            if ($i < count($block->children) - 1) {
                echo $this->break;

                if (isset($block->children[$i + 1])) {
                    $next = $block->children[$i + 1];

                    if ($next->depth === max($block->depth, 1) && $child->depth >= $next->depth) {
                        echo $this->break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritdoc}
     */
    protected function block(OutputBlock $block)
    {
        if ($block->type === 'root') {
            $this->adjustAllChildren($block);
        }

        if (empty($block->lines) && empty($block->children)) {
            return;
        }

        $this->depth = $block->depth;

        if (! empty($block->selectors)) {
            $this->blockSelectors($block);

            $this->indentLevel++;
        }

        if (! empty($block->lines)) {
            $this->blockLines($block);
        }

        if (! empty($block->children)) {
            $this->blockChildren($block);
        }

        if (! empty($block->selectors)) {
            $this->indentLevel--;

            echo $this->close;
        }

        if ($block->type === 'root') {
            echo $this->break;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Adjust the depths of all children, depth first
     *
     * @param \Leafo\ScssPhp\Formatter\OutputBlock $block
     */
    private function adjustAllChildren(OutputBlock $block)
    {
        // flatten empty nested blocks
        $children = [];

        foreach ($block->children as $i => $child) {
            if (empty($child->lines) && empty($child->children)) {
                if (isset($block->children[$i + 1])) {
                    $block->children[$i + 1]->depth = $child->depth;
                }

                continue;
            }

            $children[] = $child;
        }

        $count = count($children);

        for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) {
            $depth = $children[$i]->depth;
            $j = $i + 1;

            if (isset($children[$j]) && $depth < $children[$j]->depth) {
                $childDepth = $children[$j]->depth;

                for (; $j < $count; $j++) {
                    if ($depth < $children[$j]->depth && $childDepth >= $children[$j]->depth) {
                        $children[$j]->depth = $depth + 1;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        $block->children = $children;

        // make relative to parent
        foreach ($block->children as $child) {
            $this->adjustAllChildren($child);

            $child->depth = $child->depth - $block->depth;
        }
    }
}


text:
Thomas Rhett's New Album Will Be Nostalgic, Because That's What He Loves
Jason Kempin, Getty Images
Nostalgia is the common thread between Thomas Rhett's widely successful Life Changes album and its highly anticipated follow-up, Center Point Road.
The singer professes that he has an aptitude for writing "weird songs," or songs that tell stories — an approach that earned him a No. 1 hit and an ACM Award for the heart-wrenching "Marry Me." Rhett also points to "Life Changes" and "Sixteen" to demonstrate how he uses music as a vessel to reflect on the defining moments of his life.
"Those are my favorite things to write about, because I love taking myself out of my present self and reminding myself of who I was when I was 16 or 18 or 21, and writing weird songs about what could have been or actually what did happen," Rhett shares with Taste of Country.
"Look What God Gave Her" Is Thomas Rhett's New Single
Though he chronicles his journey with wife Lauren and their growing family with daughters Willa and Ada on "Life Changes," Rhett says his new music dives deeper into how his young children have impacted his life.
"This is not so much about infants as kids as it is about what my kids have taught me by being babies," he explains. "They have taught me so much even about just being patient and taking life a little bit less serious."
And though he admits he's often compelled to write sad songs, Rhett devoted two months to writing positive, upbeat tracks, using his 3-year-old daughter Willa as a litmus test.
"If Willa Gray is not dancing in her car seat, then I feel like I've failed her," he insists, adding that he's written a handful that are "super fun and super different that are Willa Gray approved."
When looking at his collection of newly-penned songs, Rhett says one called "The Almost" is an example of one that recalls distinct memories of his youth: the time he nearly broke his leg while riding a dirt bike, how he risked losing his best friend over a girl freshman year of high school and wanting to play college football, but knowing in the back of his mind that wasn't his path.
"It's basically about all these events in my life that where almost tragic or almost perfect, but weren't," he describes of the song he's contemplating including on the album. "It's just kind of looking back and going, 'I'm so glad that all these things either did or did not pan out, because if they had gone even remotely left or remotely right, who knows where you'd be today.' All these different things that you thought were mistakes at the time that actually turned out to work in your favor, or not, that still turned out to work in your favor, and then it kind of led you to these places."
The first single from Center Point Road is the pop-tinged, woman-hailing "Look What God Gave Her." The album arrives in full on May 31.
10 Pics That Prove Thomas + Lauren Are a Match Made in Heaven
Source: Thomas Rhett's New Album Will Be Nostalgic, Because That's What He Loves
Filed Under: Thomas Rhett
Categories: Taste of Country Nights


Esfan Eghtessadi met Inge Onsea, this encounter evolved into a love story and in 1999 into Essentiel. They started with a T-shirt collection, after a year the first store opened in Antwerp. Four seasons later, knitwear, jackets, dresses, shirts and trousers. Essentiel nowadays stands for refreshing, offbeat & luxurious fashion, renowned for its graphic or floral prints and trendy mixes of colour.


The school gates open at 8.30am and children should be in class and ready for registration by 8.50am. Children arriving after this time are recorded as being late. Parents are responsible for their children until they enter the school at 8.45am.
It is extremely important that school is not missed unnecessarily. Family holidays will not be authorised during term time. Absence from school affects your child's progress.
We are required by law to keep a record of your child's attendance at school. If your child is unable to attend school please contact the school office immediately. When your child returns please ensure that you send in a letter explaining the reason for their absence. If the school does not get a suitable explanation, the absence is recorded as 'unauthorised'. Unauthorised absences are handled by the Attendance Improvement Officer employed by Hertfordshire County Council.
Punctuality is also recorded. Frequent lateness is also handled by the Attendance Improvement Officer. It is very important that your child arrives at school on time.


Bernal-stacked (ABA) graphene with interstitial C atoms between the graphene layers. Designed in Materials Studio, rendered in VMD.
Two perfect honeycomb domains of graphene meet at an angle. This angle isn't the ideal 60°, so the hexagons at the border distort into pairs of pentagons and heptagons. The 5- and 7-sided rings bond the two lattices like a zipper. They form a periodic pattern that changes the properties of the whole single-atom-thick layer. Modelled and rendered in Rhino.
In April 2014 I was chosen as the Nanosciences Fondation's NanoArt laureate for my "Nano-landscape" image. The nanoscopic world mirrors the macroscopic. Seen here is a valley and plateau on the surface of a silver crystal, imaged by Scanning Tunneling Microscope. The small hillocks are the height of a single atom and the "waves" in the sea are actually individual molecules which self-assemble into ordered structures. The study of such self-organisation is key for the future of electronics, which may be made up of circuits comprised of single molecules. Although this image is more than 1000 times smaller than the width of a hair, it could be mistaken for a rocky outcrop jutting into the sea. Rendered with WSxM, edited in Photoshop & Illustrator.
I found a honey bee on the windowsill and very near death, so I took him outside and have him some honey to rejuvenate him. Minutes later he was back to full health and flew off!


Upffront.com has a large range of furling units and torsional cables available to buy online.
Whilst we do everything we can to provide the information necessary to select the furling system that suits your needs, there are many factors to consider and it can be confusing.
We are here to help. Our support team has extensive knowledge of the systems and options available and will be happy to provide you with recommendations and a tailored proposal that fits your requirements.
Please provide your contact details and some basic information about your boat / requirements and let us do the rest!
We will endeavor to respond to your enquiry within 24 Hours (week days).
To receive our furling estimate complete the details below.


text:
/ Egypt's Elections Rigged Before, During and After
Egypt's Elections Rigged Before, During and After
A sweeping victory – if that is what one can label Egypt's ruling NDP's rigged win – was announced by the Higher Election Commission today where they confirmed the NDP had secured an 83% majority of the votes of the 518 seats at stake. An embarrassing 96% will be announced if the elected independents decide to re-enrol with the NDP.
Following the boycott of the country's largest and most popular opposition, the Muslim Brotherhood, the way was clear for the ruling party to contest against themselves for the remaining seats. The Wafd Party also announced its boycott.
Both groups chose to boycott after widespread rigging, fraud, and ballot stuffing, which dominated the first round of elections held on November 28, in an attempt to expose the country's repression and corruption. The NDP's intentions were evident with early rigging during the MB's attempts to campaign in the run up to elections with an overwhelming 1400 MB supporters, campaigners and candidates being arbitrarily hauled in by security officials. Some still remain in custody. The heavy clampdown did not deter the MB's decision to participate in the polls, believing it was a national duty to take part and call for peaceful reform in the country believing it would come about by being members of the parliament, its lawmaking and being part of the political arena.
Round one, however, with its arrogant and shameless frauds and violence against all opposition and the disregard to monitoring, triggered the group to announce it would boycott the runoff despite 27 candidates being allegeable to contest and vie for the remaining seats. Due to the blatant rigging not one MB member won a seat outright despite securing 88 seats in the 2005 elections which was monitored by the judiciary.
In a heightened step of rigging not only the nations will but of information, the regime deceivingly announced its majority win outlining that independents won seats, even going as far as purposely lying and announcing that MB candidate, Magdy Ashour, had secured one seat.
The MB had decided it would boycott round two after 72% of its Shura Council opted to boycott the run in protest to the fraudulent tactics used by the government against the opposition. The regime was not satisfied with monopolizing the seats in an attempt to tame parliament for next year's presidential election; it attempted to portray the MB as unsuccessful because they were not only able to hold onto their former seats but were not even able to secure one seat in the polls. Not only did MB candidate, Magdy Ashour, boycott the poll as agreed by the group but he was also detained by security forces on his return from an overnight stay in Alexandria and pressured into contesting in the runoff. Ashour did not succumb to the pressure and was thereby held against his will by security officials while many other MB members and members of his family were rounded up following orders by the Interior Ministry.
According to Engineer Khaled Salam, Ikhwanweb editor-in-chief, such allegations reveal the desperate extent the regime has reached in portraying itself as a democratic government. Salam added: 'It seems that the government is unable to follow the simple rules of a democracy forgetting its avowals and assurances of running the elections with integrity, guaranteeing they would be free and fair.'
Higher Election Commission
Interior Ministry
MB Candidate
Political Arena
Ruling NDP
ruling party
Shura Council
Wafd Party
MBs petition 7 demands for change…
Elbaradei Campaign July 29, 2010
Intelligentsia: Closing Publishing Houses Anti Freedom…
Reports December 27, 2006
Security forces' use live ammunition against…
Election Coverage May 29, 2010
FJP's Reda Fahmi: Military Coup Regime…
EGYPT July 3, 2014
Planning minister: Siege hindered implementation of…
Human Rights October 28, 2008
In Egypt vote, Islamist influence grows
Get the war criminals arrested now
Human Rights December 16, 2009
Gaza: UNRWA Responds "Of course the…
Palestine June 23, 2011
Gaza Blockade Overshadows Alexandria Conference
Jordan gov't accepts IAF boycott of…
MB Around The World August 2, 2010
Why We're 'Not Winning' By Bret…
MB in International press January 1, 2007
URGENT: Sources report arrest of Egyptian…
MB News May 31, 2010
Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood Vows to Continue…
EGYPT August 5, 2014
MP Mansour asks for urgent relief…
Egypt's Opposition May Quit "Rigged" Elections
MB News October 8, 2018


Some of the tastiest things to eat were created by our ancestors to get them through the winter, like cheese and air-dried ham (not of course that I eat the ham, what with being a veggie and all). We eat them now because we've grown accustomed to the taste, and not because we need to store huge quantities of milk or whatever in some non-rotting form, which we can pick at during the long winter nights while wolves prowl around our caves. But think about what is going on here: we take the milk of another mammal, intended for its young, and then ferment it with all sorts of bacteria. Then that whole fermentation is plunged down the throat, into the innermost parts of our bodies. Taras Grescoe, in a book that deserves more attention, The Devil's Picnic, is good on how the process of eating is the closest and riskiest regular interaction our bodies have with the rest of the world.
I was thinking Grescoe's book today while I bought some Comte cheese in Benton Brothers in Kerrisdale, Vancouver. It's hard to find Comte here, although cave-aged Gruyere can sometimes stand in. While I was standing in line, an elderly lady asked what unpasteurised cheeses were available. That made my day---someone who still cares enough and who still, after all the scares, decides to pick unpasteurised. I have to admit to feeling a bit of a weakling asking just for Comte. But it was for a souffle, recipe from France The Beautiful, recipes written by The Scotto Sisters...whose name is too good to be true, but there they are, all three of them, smiling out of the back cover. Here's the recipe: melt 40g of butter in a saucepan, then add 40g plain flour. Stir for a minute over low heat. Slowly pour in 250ml of boiling milk, stirring all the time. Cook for 5 minutes, and it will turn the consistency of heavy cream. Take off the heat. Whisk in three egg yolks, one at a time. Blend in 1 tablespoon of double cream, and salt pepper and a little grated nutmeg. Next, whisk four egg whites, then fold in the egg mixture. Pour into a buttered souffle dish. Bake for 30 mins at 215C (425F). Of course, serve right away!


text:
Q: Expected move on std::vector's elements but copy encountered instead when trying to pass it as a parameter Why is the following code calling a's copy constructors?
class a {
public:
    a(int x) : x_(x) { std::cout << "a constructor" << std::endl; }
    a(a&& a_) { std::cout << "a move constructor" << std::endl; }
    a(const a& a_) { std::cout << "a copy constructor" << std::endl; }

private:
    int x_;
};

class b {
public:
    b(std::vector<a>&& v) : v_(std::move(v)) {}

private:
    std::vector<a> v_;
};

int main() {
    b s({2, 3, 4, 5, 6});
}

The output is the following:
a constructor
a constructor
a constructor
a constructor
a constructor
a copy constructor
a copy constructor
a copy constructor
a copy constructor
a copy constructor

I was expecting no copy since the vector is created in place and passed as a rvalue reference and after that moved. What's actually happening?

A: std::initializer_list<T> is a wrapper around an array of const T objects. (More precisely, std::initializer_list<T>::reference is const T&). Notice the const. It has to be like that, because its elements can be literals.
This means that the constructor of std::vector taking std::initializer_list has to copy the elements from the list into the vector, it cannot move them.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Repossessed Houses for Sale Essex
By adminApril 19, 2012House Repossession
Current List of Repossessed Houses for Sale Essex
Click Here and Fill in Form
Repossessed house for sale in Essex: Thinking of buying repossessed houses for sale Essex? Whatever it is you hope to achieve by following this route the chances are that, somewhere within this county of variety, you will find exactly what you are looking for.
Essex is a county in the East of England – and one of the home counties – located to the northeast of Greater London. Cambridgeshire and Suffolk sit to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, and Kent to the south. In the post war years there was much London overflow into the county but designating some parts of the county as green-belt has all but stopped this. The south of the county is fairly industrialised, with Brentwood being home to the headquarters of the Ford Motor Company, although the once enormous factory at Dagenham is no more. To the east, in Maldon, salt is harvested from the sea and exported throughout the world, whilst, in Chelmsford, technology companies drive the economy.
Districts of Essex
There are fourteen districts within Essex:
Thurrock (Unitary)
Southern on Sea (Unitary)
Once again, due to the large number, we'll look at three districts moving from east to west across the county.
Harlow was designated a new town and built specifically to facilitate the London slum clearances of the immediate post World War II period. The town is split into neighbourhoods, each with its own shopping precinct and supporting infrastructure – in fact, Harlow was the home of the first pedestrianised shopping precinct in the UK. In its early years, employment was provided by a biscuit factory and the town was self supporting, however, that original manufacturing base declined. Major employers in the town are now Nortel and Glaxo Smith Kline. Enterprise West Essex is an initiative designed to attract 100 new businesses in the medical technologies sector to the area.
Repossesed property for sale in chelmsford: Maidstone, the county town of Kent, covers the centre of the county. The Borough of Maidstone covers an area generally to the east and south of the town, going north to the M2 motorway; east down the M20 to Lenham; south to Staplehurst and Headcorn; and west towards Tonbridge. The town of Maidstsone lies 32 miles south-east of London and, running through the centre of the town, is the River Medway linking Maidstone to Rochester and the Thames Estuary. It has a variety of housing available to suit the needs of first time buyers, families and the wealthy looking for bespoke one off properties and there are more than 700 shops in the town centre.
Maldon sits on the Blackwater Estuary to the far east of the county of Essex. The area is mainly comprised of rural villages with histories of an economy based on the coast or on agriculture. The borough is undergoing regeneration, with particular reference to housing needs, the demand for more shops, and the amount and quality of open space.
The main towns within the district are Maldon itself, Burnham on Crouch and Heybridge. The economy nowadays owes a lot to sailing enthusiasts due to the marinas in the area, the main marina being at Blackwater. You can sail from Maldon to Continental Europe in a day.
The district offers a whole variety of property, within its clusters of towns and villages – meaning there are properties available both within and without the urban areas.
Buy BMV Property In Essex
Essex Statistics
Located –East of England
Miles from London – 52 miles north east (Maldon)
Density: Essex – 474people per km2 (2010)
Density: London – 4,761 people per km 2
Population: Essex – 1,737,900 (2010)
Population: Greater London – 7,753,600 (2009)
Essex Property Values Q1 2012
Currently there are around 12,796 properties for sale in Essex, with an average price of £295,235. This figure represents a fall of £2,960 (-1.25%) over the past year and a fall of £12,570 (-5.12%) over the past five years. There are currently 3,681 properties for rent in the Essex area, with an average monthly rental of £1,148
You can find BMV property options below
BMV & Repossessed Houses for Sale Essex
Meadow Way, Jaywick, Clacton-On-Sea CO15
A two bedroom detached bungalow within 500 yards from the sea front in Jaywick Village.
Rear Courtyard
Offers in the region of £45,000
Similar properties in this area are currently valued in excess of £100,000.
Long Riding, Basildon SS14
First floor 1 bedroom flat close to Basildon town centre and offered for sale chain free. The property is in need of internal modernisation throughout and would suit anyone looking to buy a property for investment purposes.
Offers in excess of £49,950
Similar properties in this area are currently valued in excess of £106,689, equating to £144 per square foot.
Prospect Road, Woodford Green IG8
Recently valued at £270,000 this two-bedroomed semi-detached bungalow is a safe mid-to-long-term investment property.
House Repossession Auctions Essex
Repossessed Houses for Sale Essex and Below Market Value (BMV) Auction Agents
Owen Lyons
22 Duke Street, Chelmsford, CM1 1HL
5-6 Queensgate Centre Orsett Road, Grays, RM17 5DF
Omega Property Services
45 Station Road, Clacton-on-sea, CO15 1SD
Whatever you hope to gain from buying BMV or repossessed houses for sale Essex, you can be guaranteed that somewhere in this county of variety you will find exactly what you're looking for, whether that be a bargain property to turn into a family home or a brilliant investment opportunity to turn into extra pennies.
mr chowdhury says:
I am looking for repossed house ilford redbridge area to buy
charles caten says:
looking for below market value properties in southend Rayleigh hockley hullbridge wickford and all suroundin areas
Mark Lewis says:
Looking for a one off below market value property to renovate in the Chelmsford / Brentwood area. Ideally 2 bed either flat or house around the £120k level.
r cohen says:
looking for repossessed houses in chelmsford below £200 k
Bella Rajasekaran says:
I am a prpoetry invester. Can you please send me more details about these properties above. Thank you
Hi Bella
Please fill in the following form: https://houserepossession.co.uk/buy-bmv-properties
You will then be contacted to discuss your requirements.


Bedroom Designs For Women In Their 20's is a wallpaper for pc desktop,laptop or gadget. Bedroom Designs For Women In Their 20's is part of the collection of High Quality HD wallpapers. Bedroom Designs For Women In Their 20's was with Tags: . You can download Bedroom Designs For Women In Their 20's for free. Finally don't forget to share and help us to grow.


text:
Q: Echoing success after uploaded I want to echo "success" on the same page the form is on if it uploaded correctly, but Im new to php so dont know how its done?
index.php
<form action="upload" method="POST">
<input name="field1" placeholder="First name" type="text" />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit">

upload.php
    $content = "".$_POST["field1"];
$fp = fopen("upload/test.txt","wb");
fwrite($fp,$content);
fclose($fp);

I also need it to redirect back to same page index.php

A: You cannot do this when using a regular form post. When a form is posted the user navigates away from the current page and is given a new page by the server. The one they were looking at no longer exists, so you cannot inject a message.
If you want to perform the task as you describe you will need to use an AJAX-based file uploader.
See:https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=php+jquery+ajax+upload

A: $content = "".$_POST["field1"];
$fp = fopen("upload/test.txt","wb");
if (fwrite($fp,$content))
  {
  echo "Successful upload!";
  } else {
  echo "Not successful!";
  };
fclose($fp);

A: You will need to use some javascript along with php to get what you are looking for.
ajax-file-upload-with-php-and-jquery
I haven't tried it, but at first glance looks like a great place to start.

A: If you need to echo on the same page and you don't want to use ajax there are 2 possible solution.
a) Use a GET parameter on upload script, and thread this on the index.php (As @Brad also said at comment)
upload.php
$content = "".$_POST["field1"];
$fp = fopen("upload/test.txt","wb");
fwrite($fp,$content);
fclose($fp);
header('Location: /index.php?m=success');

index.php
//Check for message parameter
if (isset($_GET['m']{0}) && $_GET['m'] === 'success')
    echo 'Form uploaded successfully';

//Display the upload form
echo '<form action="upload" method="POST">' .
     '<input name="field1" placeholder="First name" type="text" />' .
     '<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit">';

b) Within the same script
index.php
//Check if form is submitted
if (isset($_POST['field1']))
{
    $content = "".$_POST["field1"];
    $fp = fopen("upload/test.txt","wb");
    fwrite($fp,$content);
    fclose($fp);

    //Do anything else
}

//Display form. Use index.php as the action, instead of upload
echo '<form action="/index.php" method="POST">' .
     '<input name="field1" placeholder="First name" type="text" />' .
     '<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit">';

Update after comment:
When you open a file with the fopen function, you define 2 arguments. The first argument is the filename, and the second argument is the flags.
You need the 'a' (append) flag, instead of 'w' (write):

*

*'a' Open for writing only; place the file pointer at the end of the
file. If the file does not exist, attempt to create it.

*'w' Open for writing only; place the file pointer at the beginning
of the file and truncate the file to zero length. If the file does
not exist, attempt to create it.

Take a look here

A: Try the following code
if (! move_uploaded_file ( $_FILES ['attachment'] ['tmp_name'], UPLOAD_DIR  )) {
    //handle if file not  uploaded

         header("Location:index.php?m=fail");
}else{

      header("Location:index.php?m=success");

}


Slicex by Image Line is a Virtual Instrument Audio Plugin. It functions as a VST Plugin.
If the wave file contains slice/region data this will be automatically used instead of the beat-detection algorithm. Slicex offers playback, reordering of slices and time-stretching capabilities optimized for drum loops.
This Program is being selled as for slices, but it are not effective for the slice, which first use MIDI to slice it and therefore effect the transgressed picture which was to be at standard first effective for wave in the supposed manner of Slice to be. - It are being seled in demo mode as was supposed to not be the retail by the message it presents to shop it instead of use it as pirate or a trial.
Try again.. ..or better not.