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Can the PlayStation 5 live up to the legacy of its legendary predecessors? Here is our review of Sony's next-gen console.
By Matthew Byrd | November 19, 2020 |
Photo: Sony Interactive Entertainment
It's easy to forget because if how hard it is to actually buy one, but the PlayStation 5 is finally here. With it comes Sony's hopes to not only further the legacy of the PS4 but surpass the success of arguably one of the most beloved consoles of the last 20 years.
While few consoles have written the final word on their legacies so early in their lifecycles, it's rare that a console gets to make a successful second impression after a bad launch. A console's debut not only sets the tone for the rest of its run, but it tells you whether or not it's worth actually investing in an expensive new platform.
Since we were lucky enough to receive a PlayStation 5 from Sony, we're going to help you answer that question by breaking down nearly every facet of the PS5. Is the next-gen console a worthy addition to the PlayStation family or a misguided attempt to recapture former greatness in the face of a rapidly changing industry?
PlayStation 5 Specs
Here's a quick overview of the PS5's specs and how they compare to the Xbox Series X:
If forced to compare the two consoles from a raw power perspective (which is difficult to do this early in the game), I'd still stick with the conclusion that I arrived at back in March: the Xbox Series X has a slight advantage on paper due to its marginally better GPU and CPU. However, the PS5 could end up becoming the more advanced console due largely to the potential of its custom NVMe SSD.
Taken on its own merits, the PS5 is a remarkably powerful game console. It's leagues ahead of the PS4 Pro in terms of its GPU and CPU, but the big story here is the advantages offered by the console's SSD and RAM. Gaming technology as a whole has been sidetracked the last couple of years due to the lack of a standardized SSD in last-gen consoles as well as their subpar memory. If nothing else, the PS5's technology will result in drastic quality of life improvements that will be immediately apparent in next-gen games.
While the PS5's specs can't quite compete with the latest and greatest GPUs offered by NVIDIA and AMD, that shouldn't really be too much of a factor as it's going to be quite a while before we start to see games even try to explore what those GPUs are really capable of.
In fact, the raw power of the PS5 combined with its unique architecture and features means that we could soon see some first-party PlayStation games that will be able to compete with high-end third party PC games running on max settings. You could already argue that Demon's Souls showcases the console's potential in that respect.
Even Astro's Playroom and Marvel's Spider-Man: Miles Morales offer a glimpse at what the PS5 can do despite the latter being a cross-gen game and the former being a pack-in title:
The bottom line is that the PS5 has more than enough power to keep up with a somewhat homogenized third-party game market while its architecture will lead to jaw-dropping exclusives that will likely look as good or better than the competition. It's going to be a while before the PS5 starts to feel outdated.
PS5 DualSense Controller
As we've covered in our history of PlayStation controllers, the evolution of the DualShock line has largely been focused on improving what was already a solid design. When Sony announced that the PS5's controller would feature a new name and design, I wondered if the company would really be able to build on the DualShock's solid foundation and turn it into something new. Thankfully, that's exactly what happened. In fact, let me end the suspense by telling you that my time with the PS5 DualSense has left me with the impression that this is the best controller Sony has ever made.
It starts with the feel. PlayStation controllers have typically felt good in your hands, but the PS5 raises Sony's standards through a series of subtle changes. For instance, the slope of the R2/L2 triggers feels much more natural than it did on the PS4 controller while the DualSense's grips aren't quite as "stubby" as those on its predecessor. There's also a noticeable (and welcome) additional heft to the DualSense controller which helps it feel much sturdier than what we had before.
When you're talking about the exceptional design of the DualSense, though, it's really all about the console's haptic feedback and adaptive triggers. I'd heard the good word about PlayStation 5's advanced rumble features, but feeling really is believing in this instance. Not only is the DualSense capable of producing powerful vibrations the likes of which I've never felt from a controller, but it utilizes feedback in a way that consoles like the Nintendo Switch have promised but rarely delivered. The controller really is capable of registering situation feedback that accounts for whatever is happening on screen.
In Demon's Souls, that meant feeling the left side of my controller vibrate when a dragon roared by my's character's left. In Astro's Playroom, it meant being able to tell what kind of surface I was walking on based solely on the feedback I received from the controllers. Meanwhile, the DualSense's adaptive triggers enhanced the already great feeling of swinging around the city in Spider-Man: Miles Morales by varying the tension slightly based on where I was in a swing and other environmental factors. Games quite literally just feel different on the PS5.
Of course, the important thing to keep in mind about haptic feedback and adaptive triggers is that their value in the long term is going to depend on how developers choose to utilize these features. That potential for variance is already clear when comparing how those functions work in a game like Astro's Playroom, which was designed to showcase the PS5's features, to even a first-party title like Miles Morales. I believe both of these features are substantial enough for developers to commit to in the long-term, but we'll have to wait and see.
I have similar concerns about the DualSense's touchpad and microphone. The DualSenes's touchpad feels much more responsive than the DualShock 4's, but I've yet to see developers use it for anything more exciting than some menu shortcuts. As for the microphone, it's nice in a jam if you don't have a headset handy, but it's hardly a long-term solution to that problem, and it seems studios are still trying to discover the most interesting ways to use it as a feedback device.
Ultimately, it's a good thing that we're talking about a controller so advanced that it's going to force developers to change how they look at game design.
PS5 Home Screen UI
The best kind of console UI is the kind you don't have to think about all that much. For the most part, the PS5's home screen UI fulfills its obligations in that respect, but a couple of shortcomings are already apparent.
Let's start with the good. The PS5 utilizes a somewhat minimalist UI. It attempts to consolidate as much information as possible into a row of icons located on top of the screen. When you select an icon, more information related to your chosen app is moved to the bottom of the screen. If you owned a PS4, you'll find that this part of the UI functions about the same as it did before.
But even here, the PS5 UI introduces some wonderful little changes that streamline an already efficient experience. For instance, your media and game apps now have a screen of their own, which is quite handy when you want to be able to quickly access either. The PlayStation Store is also seamlessly integrated into the home screen this time around, so you'll be able to hop in and out of it with ease. Again, the ways you'll navigate through the PS5's interface on a day-to-day basis are feel smooth and intuitive.
It's when you dive into the advanced settings that some problems start to emerge. The PS5 offers a lot of ways to tweak your experience (including, but certainly not limited to, setting performance presets, managing automated recording, monitoring your storage, and altering the strength of the DualSense's effects), but many of those features are grouped together in a generic "Settings" area which lacks the design fluidity of the home screen. I still find myself pausing when I need to navigate the console's advanced settings as I consider the various categories on the left and try to remember which houses the option that I'm looking for. It's not a big deal, but given how clean the home screen UI is, it would have been nice to see a more user-friendly version of the Settings area.
You may have also heard reports of people accidentally installing and running the previous-gen version of a game, which it turns out is actually an easy mistake to make due to how the PlayStation UI can sometimes struggle to relay a glut of text-based information on-screen.
Generally, I find that I prefer the clean layout of the PS5's home screen to the more cluttered home screen of the Xbox Series X, but the more you ask of it in terms of settings and advanced features, the more you start to notice some of the seams.
PS5 Control Center
While the PS5's home screen is largely a remodel of the PS4's UI, the PS5's Control Center will change the way that you interact with your console while you're in a game.
In case you missed Sony's extensive breakdown of this aspect of the PS5, the Control Center is what you'll see when you press the PlayStation button in a game. Previously, pressing the PlayStation button in a PS4 game would just take you to the PS4's home screen.
The Control Center offers so much more than a shortcut to the PS5's home screen options. In it, you'll be able to join a friend's game or access help videos and cards which do everything from tell you more about the current level you're playing to what activities you have yet to complete.
Speaking of videos, the Control Center works well with the PS5's new Create button. Essentially a replacement for the PS5's Share button, the Create button lets you do everything from snap a screenshot to tell the PlayStation whether or not you'd like to automatically record gameplay clips of a certain length. It's a remarkably diverse improvement made that much better by the ways that the Control Center allows you to manage your photos and videos without ever leaving the game itself.
From a sheer quality of life perspective, the Control Center's best feature is the way that it allows you to access more information without needing to exit your game. Along those same lines, it's nice that putting the PS5 in rest mode while running a game will bring you back to the Control Center so that you can jump straight back into the action.
Of course, that last note does bring us to the issue of PlayStation 5's "Quick Resume." While you can switch between PlayStation 5 games without going back to the home screen (thanks to a "Switcher" option that appears when you press the PlayStation button), there's no way to instantly pick up where you left off as on Xbox Series X/S. Quick Resume really is one of the best quality of life features for next-gen consoles so far, and I'm interested to see whether Sony is able to (or interested in) offering similar functionality at a later date.
As for the Control Center's more advanced options, their appeal varies based on your preferences and whatever game you're playing. Here again, Astro's Playroom is the best way to explore the potential of these features as its Control Center offers a variety of cards that offer everything from information on hidden objectives to accurate breakdowns of how much time remains in a given level. Even Demon's Souls clearly lays out some excellent challenges that offer new ways to play the game for those who seek out such things.
That's kind of the theme of the Control Center. Obviously, its usefulness will depend on how developers utilize it, but its value will also be based on what you want from it. The good news is that, even if you're not someone who is looking for in-game help or more information about achievements, you'll still be able to take advantage of the expedited UI options that the Control Center offers as well as the potential growth of its multimedia features, such as a picture-in-picture mode and instant Spotify access.
Xbox Series X vs. PS5: Which Features Set Each Console Apart?
By Matthew Byrd
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By John Saavedra
PS5 Backward Compatibility
When it comes to backward compatibility, the story of the PS5 boils down to quality vs. quantity. The fact of the matter is that the PS5's backward compatibility program isn't nearly as extensive as the one featured in the Xbox Series X/S. The Xbox Series X/S supports four generations of Xbox software and the PS5 is only natively backward compatible with PS4 games. Simple math puts Sony at a disadvantage.
Is it disappointing that the PS5 doesn't support PS, PS2, and PS3 games? Actually, it kind of is. PlayStation consoles have featured some of the best games ever made, and too many of them remain inaccessible outside of owning retro hardware/software. The logistical hurdles to offering that level of backward compatibility support are real, but that doesn't make it any less disappointing that the PS5 isn't simply the only PlayStation you'll need.
Having said that, the backward compatibility you do get with the PS5 is mostly exceptional. While not every PS4 game has been optimized for PS5, every PS4 game does benefit from the PS5's faster loading times, enhanced resolution options, and processing power. If you do find a PS4 game that has been properly optimized for PS5 (such as God of War), then you'll marvel at how the console rejuvenates some of that console's greatest titles with 4K/60 FPS gameplay. It's important to remember that you can also upgrade select PS4 titles to their optimized PS5 versions at no extra cost.
I have heard Sony's warnings that some PS4 games may not run as well as others on PS5, but I haven't encountered a game whose performance noticeably suffers on the next-gen console. I suspect such problems may be limited to smaller titles, but I'm curious to hear more about this potential problem once more users have tested a wider variety of PS4 games.
Accessing those PS4 games can be done by purchasing them outright on the PlayStation store, diving into the greatest hits offerings featured in the PlayStation Plus Collection, or by simply transferring your PS4 games to the PS5 (or inserting a PS4 disc if your PS5 has a disc drive).
The transfer process works well enough if you're transferring PS4 games over wi-fi (as I did), but I have heard reports of issues from users who tried to transfer games via a hard drive or ethernet cable. That could be related to separate reported issues with the console's rear ports, but the general transfer process seems to work well, even if transfers over wi-fi are sometimes quite slow.
There are ultimately few reasons why I'll need to keep my PS4 around now that I own a PS5 unless I want to play P.T. or…umm…Joe's Diner.
PS5 Launch Games
I've heard some people say that the PS5's launch lineup is the best in the history of game consoles. I'm not ready to commit to such a bold statement yet, especially given what I feel is a lack of a true system seller next-gen exclusive, but you're certainly not going to be watching your console gather dust from a lack of games to play.
One of the biggest surprises of the PS5 lineup so far has been Astro's Playroom. It may come pre-installed on your PS5, but it's a great little 3D platformer with a ton of PlayStation easter eggs and the best playable examples of the PS5's unique features.
Demon's Souls is obviously the PS5's most technically impressive game, and Miles Morales offers enough next-gen benefits to consider it a "soft" next-gen exclusive (even though it is also available on PS4). Godfall, Sackboy: A Big Adventure, and Bugsnax are also all fine, even if none of them quite live up to the highest expectations.
Outside of that, you'll rely on a list of third-party games optimized for the PS5, but that's hardly a bad thing considering that list includes titles like Assassin's Creed Valhalla, Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War, and Mortal Kombat 11 Ultimate.
The PlayStation 5's early next-gen line-up feels stronger overall than the Xbox Series X's and even includes a solid GOTY candidate in Demon's Souls. The considerable trade-off, of course, is that the PS5 doesn't really have its own version of Game Pass outside of the PlayStation Now program, which just can't compete in terms of both selection and functionality.
My strong suspicion is that PlayStation will make a move to turn PlayStation Now into a true Game Pass rival sometime during this generation. After all, the rapidly approaching age of the $70 game is going to make it that much more difficult for many gamers to play all the great titles Sony surely intends to produce for the PS5.
PS5 SSD
Discussions concerning the PS5's SSD should come down to what the SSD will do for you now versus what it may do for you in the future.
In the short term, the PS5's SSD offers the main thing most people are looking for in an SSD: faster load times. The PS5's SSD is so fast that you won't even be able to enjoy the hilarious subway train fast travel sequences in Marvel's Spider-Man because they no longer exist. Next-gen games like Demon's Souls obviously benefit the most from the SSD's power, but even titles that haven't been optimized for the PS5 benefit from lightning fast load times or no load times at all.
There's no going back once you've used the PS5's SSD, but it remains to be seen how it will be used in the future. We've spoken before about what makes the PS5's SSD unique, but the fact is that we're not going to see what this thing is really capable of until we start seeing more proper next-gen games designed specifically for it.
So while it's a little annoying that the PS5's SSD is smaller than the one in the Xbox Series X (especially since you can't currently store PS5 games on an external drive), I do remain confident that the difference will be worth it once the PlayStation Studios teams start exploring what this thing is really capable of.
PS5 Console Design
Look, the PlayStation 5 is a chonker, and there's really no getting around that fact.
The size of the console is borderline absurd, and it's made slightly more annoying by the fact that you need to adjust a stand to safely store the console vertically or horizontally. If you're planning on keeping this thing in a small entertainment center or anything with cubby holes, you're going to have to get creative.
But…I kind of love the PS5's design. It's a bold-looking console that immediately captures your attention with its sheer size, sleek curves, and nice color palette. It casts a large shadow over my nearby Xbox Series X, and I don't just mean the literal kind generated by its nearly villainous proportions.
While I was not able to perform an extensive heat test on the PS5, I can tell you that a simple hand wave by the console's fans after a long gameplay session suggests that the PS5 runs much cooler than the PS4.
Formal heat tests tell a similar tale (and Sony's engineers explained that the console's size can partially be attributed to its extensive cooling system) so it seems that the PS5 doesn't suffer from any notable heating problems straight out of the gate. We'll see whether wear, tear, and time reveal something different.
The PS4 and PS4 Pro suffered from serious noise problems, so it's hardly a surprise that Sony felt it needed to address that issue with the PS5's design. What is a bit surprising is the results of their efforts. The PS5 generates almost no noticeable noise, even after lengthy gameplay sessions. I tried putting this thing through its paces as best as I was safely able to, and I just couldn't get the fan to generate a significant amount of noise.
Again, we'll see if the PS5 stays quiet after a few years of use, but everything seems to be working as intended in the early going.
PS5 Technical Issues
We've spoken about some of the PS5's known issues, but the gist of the story is that the console does suffer from some early technical problems, many of which seem to be related to its rear ports.
Based on my own experience and existing user reports, though, it seems that the PS5 is a mostly stable system. It will crash on you from time to time, it is apparently possible to get a broken console, and there are some glitches that will need to be resolved in the short term.
However, the same is true of nearly every device. Nothing I've seen thus far suggests that you'll need to worry about any significant short-term issues at this time.
Here are some other observations about the PS5 that I just couldn't quite fit into any of the sections above:
I love that you can now see how many hours you've played games via your PlayStation profile, even if I'm hesitant to know the answers to such questions.
The PS5 allows you to set a universal difficulty level and graphics settings (Performance or Resolution) from the console's menu. I suspect that you may still want to change this on a case-by-case basis, but the option is more than welcome.
You can actually customize exactly what the PS5's Create button does, which is fantastic if you're someone who loves to constantly capture clips and photos. But you may prefer to dynamically adjust these settings based on your needs.
You can actually turn spoilers "off" in the PS5 settings, which should prevent them from appearing in shared media and tips. I say "should" because the extent of this feature hasn't really been tested, and your definition of what constitutes a spoiler may vary.
Wi-fi download speeds on the PS5 feel better overall, but if you have to download a larger file, you're still going to want to use an ethernet cable.
The PS5 setup process is remarkably easy, with the only real hitches coming if you want to transfer PS4 games to PS5 right away. Even then, that just means the process will take a bit longer.
It's a little annoying that you can't just hold down the PlayStation button and choose to shut down or restart the console right away. Granted, that option is only a couple of button presses away, but considering how much else of the PS5 is devoted to quality of life, this function feels more annoying than it needs to be.
I did encounter a glitch with the PS5's rest mode which resulted in my console improperly shutting down, but aside from the one-off occurrence, it seems to work well and is reportedly power efficient.
I'm a little worried about the usefulness of the PS5's recording options considering that the console's internal SSD is relatively small. You'll eventually have to rely on an external drive if you plan on capturing a lot of media on your PS5 while downloading a reasonable amount of games.
I can't say enough nice things about Astro's Playroom. Not only does it show what the PS5 is capable of, but it's an incredibly fun game in its own right that is more than worthy of a full-length follow-up.
Let's be honest: rendering a PS5 verdict right now is, at best, premature. The value of a console fully reveals itself over time. Besides, it's not like you're able to easily buy a PS5 at the moment no matter how badly you want one.
Yet, the PS5's early accomplishments are impressive. I never regretted owning a PS4, and the PS5 is (at the very least) poised to be a better PS4. It improves upon its predecessor's biggest weaknesses while offering an array of new features.
More importantly, the PS5 already boasts a library of games that I find myself bouncing between. The PS4's biggest strength was how its army of exclusives essentially forced you to own the console if you wanted to play the best that the previous generation of gaming had to offer, and with Demon's Souls and Astro's Playroom (as well as the best way to play Spider-Man: Miles Morales and other cross-gen games), the PS5 is already on its way to replicating that feat.
While I'm also head over heels about the Xbox Series X for Game Pass alone, the PS5 has honestly revived my love of console gaming with its smooth performance and a controller that makes every game feel more satisfying than it would be on any other platform.
What excites me most, though, is that we're just getting started. Yes, some of the PS5's best features are dependent on the contributions of the console's developers, but the PS5 sets up developers for greatness in a way that goes far beyond its raw power. Even if we only see first-party studios tap into the PS5's full potential, that means games from Naughty Dog, Santa Monica Studio, Insomniac, Sucker Punch, and Guerrilla that will feature expansive SSD-powered worlds, Control Center interactions, and gameplay moments only made possible by the DualSense controller.
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Sony seems determined to carry on its "games first" philosophy from the PS4 while exploring the room a bit more in terms of a console's multimedia potential and advanced features. Because of that, you'll probably end up wanting a PS5 at some point, but don't feel too bad if that's not until 2021 at the earliest as we're still months away from next-gen consoles truly becoming the industry standard.
Tags: PlayStation 5PlayStation
Matthew Byrd	| @SilverTuna014
Matthew Byrd is a freelance writer and entertainment enthusiast living in Brooklyn. When he's not exploring the culture of video games, he's wishing he had a…
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Biografia
Di origini umili entrò presso Fisk University, una università privata per persone di colore presso Nashville, Tennessee, nel 1865 dove venne preparata per diventare insegnante elementare fino al 1867 e si laureò nello stesso istituto nel 1877 a soli diciassette anni. A partire dal 1879 iniziò a insegnare presso le scuole pubbliche di Nashville, prima tra tute la Knowles Elementary School, del quale sposò il Preside, Scott W. Crosthwaite, e di cui successivamente divenne  Registrar. Svolse l'incarico di insegnante di matematica per oltre quattordici anni all'interno di istituzioni scolastiche per neri. In precedenza questo tipo di mansioni venivano affidate unicamente ad insegnanti bianchi. Successivamente divenne una strenua attivista nella lotta per i diritti civili e collaborò all'istituzione della sede della Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) presso la Fisk University. Alla fine del 1928 si trasferì con la sua famiglia a Detroit, dove continuò ad impegnarsi per denunciare il fenomeno della segregazione razziale nel Tennessee.

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Bibliografia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


'Moose ' Corvette S/G vs Ron Mattern's Vega Panel S/G.
Ed Golden's Fiat X 19 S/G- (Side View).
Mini Mouse S/G Chevy II station wagon S/G.
Connie Kalitta AA/FD (Burn Out) at tree.
Kilpatric and Connel AA/FD (Burn Out).
Amato vs Jim and Allison Lee (60' out from starting line) Amato up in smoke.
Larry Minor AA/FD (Burn Out) at line.
Muldowney vs Gains Markley (60' out from starting line).
Chi-Town Omni F/C (Burn Out).


Fill in blue boxes only. Enter your vehicles current miles per gallon, the price of gas, the number of miles you drive every year, and the price of the system you are buying.
The calculator will tell you how much money you will save a year on gas and how long it will take for the savings to pay for the system.


Fatima, Yaqoot, Kazmi, Sarvat, King, Stephanie, Solomon, Shaun, and Knight, Sabina (2018) Positive placement experience and future rural practice intentions: findings from a repeated cross-sectional study. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 11. pp. 645-652.
Hill, Kristy Lee, Harvey, Nichole, Felton-Busch, Catrina May, Hoskins, Judith, Rasalam, Roy, Malouf, Peter, and Knight, Sabina (2018) The road to registration: aboriginal and Torres Strait islander health practitioner training in north Queensland. Rural and Remote Health, 18 (1).
Smith, Kaye, Fatima, Yaqoot, and Knight, Sabina (2017) Are primary health care services culturally appropriate for Aboriginal people: findings from a remote community. Australian Journal of Primary Health, 23 (3). pp. 236-242.
Orda, Ulrich, Orda, Sabine, Sen Gupta, Tarun, and Knight, Sabina (2017) Building a sustainable workforce in a rural and remote health service: a comprehensive and innovative Rural Generalist training approach. Australian Journal of Rural Health, 25. pp. 116-119.
Hill, Kristy, Harvey, Nichole, Felton-Busch, Catrina, Rasalam, Ranjit, Malouf, Peter, Knight, Sabina, and Davis, Scott (2016) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workers: the skills recognition and upskilling project. In: [Presented at the ANZAHPE/OTTAWA Joint Conference]. From: Australian and New Zealand Association for Health Professional Educators (ANZAHPE)/OTTAWA Joint Conference, 19-23 March 2016, Perth, WA, Australia.
Mitchell, Marion L., Henderson, Amanda, Jeffrey, Carol, Nulty, Duncan, Groves, Michele, Kelly, Michelle, Knight, Sabina, and Glover, Pauline (2015) Application of best practice guidelines for OSCEs: an Australian evaluation of their feasibility and value. Nurse Education Today, 35 (5). pp. 700-705.
Hill, Kristy, Felton-Busch, Catrina, Harvey, Nichole, Rasalam, Ranjit, Knight, Sabina, Malouf, Peter, Davis, Scott, and Mills, Jane (2015) Enhancing clinical education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workers: a university/vocational education and training (VET) sector collaboration. In: [Presented at Queensland's Clinical Education and Training Symposium]. From: QRTN 2015: Queensland's Clinical Education and Training Symposium, 12-13 November 2015, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Franklin, Richard C., McBain-Rigg, Kristin E., and Knight, Sabina M. (2015) Factors to be considered in developing occupational regulations for quad bikes in Australia. Journal of Agromedicine, 20 (3). pp. 370-380.
Jeffrey, C.A., Mitchell, M.L., Henderson, A., Lenthall, S., Knight, S., Glover, P., Kelly, M., Nulty, D., and Groves, M. (2014) The value of best-practice guidelines for OSCEs in a postgraduate program in an Australian remote area setting. Rural and Remote Health, 14 (3). pp. 1-9.
Knight, Sabina, Nulty, Duncan, Kelly, Michelle, Jeffrey, Carol, Glover, Pauline, Mitchell, Marion, Henderson, Amanda, and Groves, Michele (2014) Giving the OSCE a new shine: a framework for utilising OSCEs in nursing and midwifery education and postgraduate transition to practice. In: Abstracts from: ANZAHPE 2014. 16467. p. 84. From: ANZAHPE 2014: Australian and New Zealand Association of Health Professional Educators Annual Conference, 7-10 July 2014, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
Franklin, R.C., Knight, S., and Lower, T. (2014) Mount Isa Statement on Quad Bike Safety. Rural and Remote Health, 14 (3). 2687.
Mitchell, Marion, Jeffrey, Carol A., Henderson, Amanda, Glover, Pauline, Nulty, Duncan D., Kelly, Michelle A., Groves, Michele, and Knight, Sabina (2014) Using an objective structured clinical examination for Bachelor of Midwifery students' preparation for practice. Women and Birth, 27 (2). pp. 108-113.
McBain-Rigg, K.E., Franklin, R.C., McDonald, G.C., and Knight, S.M. (2014) Why quad bike safety is a wicked problem: an exploratory study of attitudes, perceptions, and occupational use of quad bikes in northern Queensland, Australia. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health, 20 (1). pp. 33-50.
Opie, Tessa, Dollard, Maureen, Lenthall, Sue, and Knight, Sabina (2013) Occupational stress in remote area nursing: development of the Remote Area Nursing Stress Scale (RANSS). Journal of Nursing Measurement, 21 (2). pp. 246-263.
Dollard, Maureen, Opie, Tessa, Lenthall, Sue, Wakerman, John, Knight, Sabina, Dunn, Sandra, Rickard, Greg, and MacLeod, Martha (2012) Psychosocial safety climate as an antecedent of work characteristics and psychological strain: a multilevel model. Work and Stress, 26 (4). pp. 385-404.
This list was generated on Tue Apr 23 09:01:19 2019 AEST.


On June 4, 2016, the SHaRe Cardiomyopathy Registry put on a free educational cardiomyopathy conference at the Omni Hotel at Yale. Experts, such as Dr. Daniel Jacoby, gave talks on everything from the basics of genetic cardiomyopathy, exercise and fitness, to a hopeful future of new and emerging treatments for the disease. Nearly 200 patients, friends and family were able to ask questions and meet with other families living with HCM and DCM.
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2018 Ford Fiesta 1.0 EcoBoost Review
Ford has taken the softly softly approach with their new generation of the bestselling Ford Fiesta. Now on its seventh generation, the development of the new Ford Fiesta was more of a refining exercise than a radical overhaul.
But why mess too much with a winning formula? The Ford Fiesta was Ireland's bestselling small car in 2017 and the car has the sort of name recognition that many can only dream of. The Irish public have been on first name terms with the Fiesta since it first arrived over 40 years ago and Ford has made the package that little bit more appealing again for 2018.
The Fiesta's styling has been tweaked to accommodate a slightly wider and longer body, while the introduction of new circular LED daytime running lights at the front are a sharp new distinguishing feature. At the back the rear light clusters are horizontal rather than vertical.
In latter years, the interior of the Ford Fiesta had started to look very old and dated so out goes the old and in with a new, more modern layout for generation seven. All but the entry level model come with an 6.5" touchscreen with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto. The interior of the Fiesta now looks less drab and of better quality.
Up front shoulder room is good for driver and passenger. There is more legroom for rear seat passengers but against rivals like the Honda Jazz and Skoda Fabia, the Ford Fiesta doesn't look particularly generous in that regard. The boot is an average 292 litres though it's by no mean impractical.
The interior of the Ford Fiesta
In Ireland engine choices for new Fiesta include 1.1-litre naturally aspirated petrol engines with 70 or 85hp, a 1.0-litre turbo petrol EcoBoost with 100hp and a 1.5-litre diesel with 85hp. My test car was powered by the 1.0-litre EcoBoost and it's nippy around town while also carrying enough robustness and flexibility for strong performance out of town on bigger roads and motorways. It scores well for refinement with no infuriating noise or vibration and I returned about 47 mpg over a week long test drive.
The new Ford Fiesta seems to have taken a step forward in comfort and refinement in this new generation. On the move, it's very stable and settled, but it's also good fun when the roads get a bit twistier. There's a new suspension and cornering grip has been improved by 10%, while braking distances have been improved by 8%. The car moves through bends at speed with minimal body roll and with unrivalled steering precision.
In Ireland the new Fiesta goes on sale from €16,650 for a Zetec model that includes 15" steel wheels with covers, electric/heated mirrors with indicators, Lane-Keeping Alert, Lane-Keeping Aid, Speed Limiter, auto lights, ESP with Hill Start Assist, MyKey, Ford AM/FM radio with 4.2" TFT screen, Bluetooth with My Ford Device Dock, manual air conditioning, electric front windows and remote central locking.
The Ford Fiesta is a small car with universal appeal
Titanium models start from €19,050 and include 15" alloys, LED daytime running lights, front fog lights with cornering lights, chrome belt line finisher, chrome upper grille, Ford SYNC 3 DAB radio with 6.5" touchscreen, Apple CarPlay/Android Auto, Quickclear heated windscreen, 3-spoke leather-trimmed steering wheel with audio controls and a Thatcham alarm.
There's also a sporty looking ST-Line range from €19,850 and an upscale Vignale range from €26,530.
The Ford Fiesta is not the poshest supermini and it's not the biggest but the Fiesta's comfort, refinement and mature road manners give it universal appeal. The modern interior and addition of more technology once again make the Ford Fiesta a formidable contender in its segment.
Model tested: Ford Fiesta 1.0L EcoBoost 100hp Titanium
Engine: 1.0-litre turbo petrol
0-100km/h: 10.5 seconds
Irish Pricing And Specs For New Ford Fiesta
The new Ford Fiesta has arrived in Ireland priced from €16,550.
At launch, the new Ford Fiesta is available in Zetec and Titanium trim, with Vignale and ST-Line to join before the end of 2017.
Standard equipment on Zetec (from €16,550 3 door/€17,150 5 door) includes 15" steel wheels with covers, electric/heated mirrors with indicators, Lane-Keeping Alert, Lane-Keeping Aid, Speed Limiter, auto lights, ESP with Hill Start Assist, MyKey, Ford AM/FM radio with 4.2" TFT screen, Bluetooth with My Ford Device Dock, manual air conditioning, electric front windows and remote central locking.
Titanium (from €18,950/5 door only) adds 15" alloys, LED daytime running lights, front fog lights with cornering lights, chrome belt line finisher, chrome upper grille, Ford SYNC 3 DAB radio with 6.5" touchscreen, Apple CarPlay/Android Auto, Quickclear heated windscreen, 3-spoke leather-trimmed steering wheel with audio controls and a Thatcham alarm.
In Ireland, Ford is offering the new Fiesta with an entry level 1.1-litre non-turbo petrol engine (70 or 85hp), Ford's award-winning 1.0-litre EcoBoost turbo petrol (100hp), or a 1.5-litre TDCi diesel (85hp).
Higher power outputs of the EcoBoost (125 and 140hp) and TDCi (120hp) will be available by special order, but demand is expected to be low.
Pricing for the 1.0-litre EcoBoost starts from €19,500, while the 1.5-litre diesel in the Fiesta starts from €18,935.
Read my first drive review of the new Ford Fiesta here.
The Ford Fiesta is in dealers now.
Ford Fiesta International First Drive Review
The Ford Fiesta is consistently one of Ireland's bestselling cars and this summer an all-new model will arrive here. I went to Valladolid, Spain to check out the new 2017 model.
The new Ford Fiesta has been subtly restyled and the shape will be very recognisable to any current Fiesta owners. The most obvious change is at the back where the rear light clusters are fixed horizontally and integrated into the boot lid. There are a total of twelve colours including old favourites like Race Red, Moondust Silver and Deep Impact Blue, and new ones like Blue Wave and Chrome Copper, and Milano Grigio exclusive to upscale Vignale versions.
Ford has paid particular attention to overhauling the interior of the new Fiesta and has switched to a more modern layout with a touchscreen coming as standard on all but the entry level Zetec model. Apple CarPlay and Android Auto are now a feature. The layout is much simpler and cleaner than the old car, while the new steering wheel is a grown-up affair like the one in the Focus. The interior quality compares well to the competition with a good mix of materials, but there are some harder, scratchier plastics in the lower half of the dash. Top spec Vignale models have hexagonal-quilted, tuxedo-stitched leather seats.
The interior of the new Ford Fiesta
Most rivals are switching to five door formats only, but new Fiesta bucks the trend with both a three and a five door available. The new Fiesta is a bit wider and longer than the outgoing model, and there is more legroom in the back. Boot space has not improved much and sits at an average 292 litres. There is an optional false floor for the boot that gives a flat loading area.
New Fiesta will be offered with a range of petrol and diesel engines but in Ireland expect the naturally aspirated 1.1-litre petrol with 70hp to still account for the majority of sales. Ford's award-winning 1.0-litre EcoBoost engine will be available with a choice of 100, 125 or 140hp, while the 1.5-litre TDCi diesel with 120hp is also available. A new six-speed manual transmission helps deliver CO2 emissions from 82g/km, and fuel efficiency from 3.2l/100km on some models.
At the launch, the 1.5-litre TDCi and 1.0-litre EcoBoost 140hp were available for test drives. The refinement and power of the diesel were impressive, while the EcoBoost is a smooth, quiet drive with plenty of power and flexibility.
Ford has given the Fiesta a new suspension and Electronic Torque Vectoring Control. Cornering grip has been improved by 10% and braking distances have been improved by 8%. The Fiesta has always been much applauded for its excellent driving dynamics but there appears to have been a real step up in comfort and refinement, while grip and road holding ability are still excellent making the Fiesta a competent drive whether on motorway, in town or on country roads.
In Ireland, the new Ford Fiesta will be initially available in Zetec and Titanium trims. A sporty ST-Line and more luxurious Vignale model will arrive in late 2017. The Fiesta is available with a number of driver assistance technologies including a Pre Collision Assist with Pedestrian Detection, Active Park Assist with Perpendicular Parking, Traffic Sign Recognition, Adaptive Cruise Control, Adjustable Speed Limiter, Cross Traffic Alert, Blind Spot Information System, and Lane Keeping Alert. Comfort features include a premium B&O PLAY Sound System, auto high beam, opening panoramic glass roof, and the Sync 3 infotainment system with touchscreens of up to 8" in size.
The new Ford Fiesta will arrive in Ireland at the end of July, priced from €16,550.
Pricing will start at €16,550 (Fiesta Zetec 3-door 1.1-litre petrol 70PS). Five door models will start from €17,150. More comprehensive details on the Fiesta range including full pricing will be issued when the car arrives in Ireland at the end of July.
2017 is fast becoming the year of the small car. A slew of new models have already arrived here including the SEAT Ibiza, Citroen C3, Kia Rio, Suzuki Swift, Nissan Micra and Toyota Yaris, and all will be competing with the new Ford Fiesta.
Ford has refined a familiar package and the new Fiesta will be even more competitive in its segment now with more technology and a much improved interior.
What Is Ford EcoBoost?
Ford uses the name 'EcoBoost' to describe their range of turbocharged petrol engines. Engine sizes range from 1.0-litre to 3.5-litres, with between 3 and 6 cylinders. Ford's EcoBoost engines are available across the Ford range, from mainstream models like the Fiesta and Focus, to high performance models like the Ford Fiesta ST, Focus RS and Mustang.
EcoBoost engines combine direct fuel injection, turbocharging and variable valve timing to allow a smaller engine to reduce fuel consumption by up to 20% over larger engines, but still maintain competitive performance.
Ford's 1.0-litre EcoBoost petrol engines appeared for the first time in Europe in the Ford Focus in 2012 and were launched at a time when car manufacturers were exploring engine downsizing to improve fuel economy and lower emissions, but maintain the power of a larger engine.
Ford's 1.0-litre EcoBoost engine
In 2016, Ford's three cylinder 1.0‑litre EcoBoost engine was voted "Best Engine Under 1.0-litre" at the International Engine of the Year Awards for the fifth time. One in five all-new Ford vehicles sold in Europe in 2015 were equipped with the 1.0-litre unit, including almost two in five Fiestas.
The 1.0-litre EcoBoost petrol is available in Ireland with different power outputs in the Fiesta, EcoSport, Focus and C-MAX.
EcoBoost technology also appears in high performance models from the Ford range. The Fiesta ST produces 182hp from a 1.6-litre EcoBoost engine. The Focus ST produces 247hp from a 2.0-litre EcoBoost. The Ford Mustang EcoBoost produces 312hp from a 2.3-litre turbo petrol engine.
Rival brands have also in recent years come up with their own range of small, turbocharged petrol engines, including Volkswagen, Kia, Peugeot/Citroen, Suzuki and Opel.
Read some reviews of Ford's EcoBoost models below:
Ford Fiesta 1.0-litre EcoBoost (125hp)
Ford Focus 1.0-litre EcoBoost (125hp)
Ford Mustang 2.3--litre EcoBoost (312hp)
Ford Fiesta Black Edition (2016) Review
The 2016 Ford Fiesta Black Edition
Scroll down to watch my video review of the new Ford Fiesta Black Edition!
The Ford Fiesta is Ireland's bestselling supermini but if you thought that the Fiesta was just too common to be cool, Ford has a solution. Two very special editions have joined the Fiesta range – the Fiesta Red Edition and the Fiesta Black Edition. These new models are about making a bold statement on the road (cue contrast red and black colour schemes). Ford's acclaimed 1.0-litre EcoBoost engine promises the sporty performance to match the headturning looks.
For the Fiesta Black Edition, that's Panther Black paint, gloss red roof and door mirrors, 16" black alloy wheels, spoiler, body kit and some lovely red lipstick around the grille. The Fiesta Red Edition comes in Race Red with gloss black roof and detailing. You will get attention driving these cars!
Inside the 2016 Ford Fiesta Black Edition
The red and black theme continues inside. The seats are red and grey, gloss black surrounds the centre console and the steering wheel, gear gaiter and mats all have red stitching. It does feel a bit special. It makes the Fiesta's somewhat dated interior a bit more palatable and exciting.
These two new models won't be the most practical Fiestas you can buy. The Fiesta Red Edition and Fiesta Black Edition are sold as three door only but the interior space is not bad at all. There is 276 litres of boot space, with a spare wheel included.
For the Irish market, Ford's much acclaimed 1.0-litre EcoBoost turbocharged petrol engine provides the power. Here it's tuned to produce 125PS (123bhp). The engine boasts low running costs with emissions of just 99g CO2 meaning that the car qualifies for motor tax of just €180. The official economy is 66mpg – I saw high forties during my test drive.
Ford has tweaked the Fiesta Red Edition and Fiesta Black Edition to give them an even sportier drive. The gearing for the five speed manual transmission has been revised. The steering has been tuned to enhance feedback and there's a stiffer, lower suspension set-up compared to a normal Fiesta.
The interior of the Fiesta Black Edition
Driving the Fiesta Ecoboost
The engine is not the star of the show here. Yes it's very refined for a three cylinder unit and it's quick. But the acceleration is not going to blow your socks off, nor is the noise of the engine for that matter. 100kmh from a standstill takes 9.4 seconds and there is a modest 200Nm of torque to pull you along. The engine makes a pleasing 'brrrrr' but you won't wake the neighbours every time you start up the car. It's not such a hooligan as the looks of the car would suggest.
But it's impossible not to fall in love with this car. It handles with the verve of a much more expensive car. The chassis is so playful and the steering weights up perfectly so you never feel anything less than 100% in communication with what's going on underneath when you want to move quickly through a series of corners. The Fiesta relishes the twisty stuff. You will be amazed at the speed you can carry safely into a corner in this car before it starts to understeer. You can get on the power quickly in the corners because it just grips, always feeling taut on its springs.
And for all the sporty handling, this is no boneshaker and there really is very little compromise in the way of comfort.
The Fiesta Black Edition and Fiesta Red Edition are priced at €21,800 and are very much aimed at those seeking something a bit more special from their supermini. Aside from the visual upgrades inside and out, equipment includes air con, Ford Sync with Bluetooth and voice control, electric windows and mirrors, and leather trimmed steering wheel.
[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0MrVUeZXAg]
The only real sticking point I can think of with this car that might see it overlooked for a rival is the fact that Ford Sync is a bit dated and a touchscreen system would be much easier to use. But because the car is so damn good to drive and tickles the inner boy racer, it seems petty to dwell too much on that.
So we've established that the Fiesta Black Edition won't give you the full on hot hatch experience because the engine is just not powerful or noisy enough for that. You will be still left wanting for the Fiesta ST if that's your motivation, which is about €5000 more.
But the small EcoBoost engine in the Fiesta Black Edition does have its advantages. These are low running costs for what's still a powerful offering in a supermini.
The biggest asset here though is the Fiesta's fine handling. It really is a hard car to beat for just pure driving enjoyment!
Now read our latest review of the Ford Fiesta!
Great small car!
Model tested: Ford Fiesta Black Edition
Price: €21,800 (Fiesta range from €15,990)
Engine: 1.0-litre three cylinder turbocharged petrol
Power: 123bhp (125PS)
Economy: 66mpg (4.3/100km)
Tax band: A2 (€180 per year)
Ford Fiesta vs Opel Corsa (2015) Review
Ford Fiesta vs Opel Corsa: Small Hatchback Twin Test
The Ford Fiesta vs the Opel Corsa in my small hatchback twin test!
The Ford Fiesta is consistently one of the bestselling small cars in Ireland. Sometimes popular cars are not always the critic's choice, but no worries about the Fiesta - it's universally regarded as a damn good supermini.
The Opel Corsa is another perennial favourite and with the recent arrival of the fifth generation Corsa, I thought it would be a good time to compare these two small hatchbacks side by side.
Models tested:
Opel Corsa 1.4 litre (90PS) Excite
Ford Fiesta 1.0 litre EcoBoost (65PS) Zetec
Click on the links above to read the individual reviews or scroll down for the twin test.
Note: The Opel Corsa and Ford Fiesta models I drove are not direct rivals in terms of engines and power outputs, but I will make allowances for that below.
The lovely Ford Fiesta!
Who is the prettiest of all the superminis?
In 2013, the Ford Fiesta got a facelift, making it the first in the European Ford range to wear Ford's new trapezoidal grille. The effect of this facelift should not be underestimated; the new grille lifts the whole look of the car.
And that's something that can be said for the Opel Corsa too. The Corsa's new wider, lower grille is the most obvious exterior styling change for the new Corsa and it gives the car so much more presence compared to the old model. Elsewhere, new body panels with more sculpting, and new rear light clusters, give the Corsa some contemporary style.
So Ford Fiesta vs Opel Corsa: who is better looking? I couldn't possibly say but both definitely sport an attractive design so no one's a loser.
Inside the Ford Fiesta and the Opel Corsa
Inside, things are much easier to call. The Opel Corsa has a brand new interior that feels classy, well-built and contemporary. The cabin in the Fiesta looks more austere when compared with that in the Corsa, and a myriad small buttons to operate the radio is off-putting. Still, the controls and switches in the Fiesta are nicely damped, and the white illuminated dials with blue needles step things up a notch in the Fiesta's favour.
But the interior of the Opel Corsa just feels a bit cooler, a bit more premium, especially with the touchscreen fitted as part of the Intellilink infotainment system.
Both cars are available as three or five door models, and the two tested here are five door models. Space-wise, up front there is little to differentiate the Corsa from the Fiesta, but in the rear the Corsa feels more spacious and the higher roof line allows very generous headroom.
The boot is a teeny bit larger in the Corsa compared to the Fiesta (285 litres vs 276 litres), but both have a high load lip, and the Ford carries a spare wheel, while the Corsa goes with just a tyre repair kit. The rear seats can be folded down in both cars, but they don't fold down flat in either and a 60/40 split folding rear bench is not standard on the Corsa. With the rear seats folded, the Corsa offers a bit more space at 1100 litres, compared to 960 litres in the Fiesta.
The 2015 Opel Corsa
Driving the Fiesta and the Corsa
I was really impressed with the Corsa's road-holding ability, comfort and steering. Opel has given the Corsa a new chassis, suspension and updated the steering, so all together, it's a more sophisticated drive for the Corsa compared to the previous model. The Ford Fiesta is still the more fun to drive of the duo; it feels more elastic, more agile and the steering is sharper.
There is a good choice of diesel and petrol engines available for both the Corsa and the Fiesta (see Engines & Economy below) and a manual or automatic gearbox is available for both. The Fiesta I drove had the 1.0 litre 65PS EcoBoost (non-turbo) petrol engine, and despite only 65PS and a 0-100kmh sprint time of a lazy 16.8 seconds, this engine is so much better than you would think. It has a lovely three cylinder thrum, loves to be revved and is really brilliant around town. In official terms, it returns just over 65mpg, though rev it too much and you will see a dip in economy. Turbo versions of the award-winning 1.0 litre EcoBoost are available for the Fiesta, but they do command quite a high list price.
My Corsa was fitted with the 1.4 litre 90PS petrol engine that has been brought forward from the old model and sits alongside the old 1.2 litre petrol and 1.3 litre diesels. Two new 1.0 litre turbocharged petrol engines have been added to the Corsa range with 90PS or 115PS. They sit at the top of the range so are quite pricey - though they are very enjoyable to drive. Nonetheless, the 1.4 litre petrol does a good job in the Corsa. There's plenty of power for town and motorway driving, it's nicely refined too and returns 55mpg.
The interior of the 2015 Opel Corsa
(Some are model specific so check availability with manufacturer)
Engine Fuel CO2 Economy Engine Fuel CO2 Economy
1.0 EcoBoost 65PS Petrol 99g/km 65.7mpg 1.2i 70PS Petrol 126g/km 52.3mpg
1.0T EcoBoost 100PS Petrol 99g/km 65.7mpg 1.4i 90PS Petrol 120g/km 55.4mpg
1.0T EcoBoost 125PS Petrol 99g/km 65.7mpg 1.0i Turbo 90PS Petrol 104g/km 64mpg
1.25 60PS Petrol 122g/km 54.3mpg 1.0i Turbo 115PS Petrol 115g/km 57.7mpg
1.25 82PS Petrol 122g/km 54.3mpg 1.3CDTi 75PS Diesel 100g/km 74.3mpg
1.5 TDCi 75PS Diesel 98g/km 76.4mpg 1.3CDTi 95PS Diesel 87g/km 85.6mpg
1.6 TDCi 95PS Diesel 95g/km 85.6mpg
There are four trim levels for the Opel Corsa – S, Excite, SE and Limited Edition – and four for the Ford Fiesta – Fiesta, Zetec, Zetec-S and Titanium. Base models for both Corsa and Fiesta get notables like tyre pressure monitoring system, front electric windows and mirrors, and hill start assist, though the Corsa gets remote central locking – you will have to stick the key in the lock to engage the central locking on the entry level Fiesta! But the Fiesta has steering wheel mounted audio controls as standard – you have to go up a trim level for those in a Corsa.
Still there are more treats in both once you start going up the trim levels. Just one step up from entry level, the Fiesta Zetec I drove had notables like alloy wheels, front fog lights, and Bluetooth. The Corsa does slightly better when you take a step up from entry level to Excite trim – as well as the alloy wheels, Bluetooth and front fog lights, you get LED daytime running lights and cruise control. Cruise control is an option for the Ford Fiesta. Air con is standard on SE trim in the Corsa and Titanium trim in the Fiesta. With regards to infotainment, I find Opel's Intellilink to have a more attractive interface and be a bit more user friendly than Ford's Sync system. Both are standard on some models, or can be added as an option.
The interior of the 2015 Ford Fiesta ST - the high performance one!
Which did you prefer?
The Ford Fiesta vs Opel Corsa are equally capable superminis in terms of space, practicality, and drive but there are a few marked differences between them. The Corsa has a more attractive and functional interior and is that bit more spacious in the back. Both are good cars to drive, but the Fiesta is more exciting. The two are competitively priced and you can pick up a well-specced Corsa or Fiesta in the region of €16,000-€18,000. But you will likely want to spend a bit extra for a car with more equipment.
Now which are you going to buy? Well, you may indeed fall for the charms of the Opel Corsa's cabin. It's where you spend most of your time for sure and the quality, attractive design, straightforward infotainment and overall execution is a major plus for the Corsa. The improvements to the car under the skin and availability of good, frugal engines mean the Opel Corsa is a far from disappointing drive.
However, if you are the type of driver that wants the best driving small hatchback, the one with that extra bit of sparkle, there's only one option and that's the Ford Fiesta. It feels far sportier than its demure exterior might suggest; there is athleticism about the way it dances around corners and pin sharp steering enhances your connection to the road. There is a good engine line-up too and one of the EcoBoost petrols would make a perfect mate for this baby Ford!
Opel Corsa 1.4i Excite Ford Fiesta 1.0 EcoBoost (non-turbo) Zetec
Price €16,495 €16,850
Engine 1.4 litre four cylinder petrol 1.0 litre three cylinder petrol
Power 90PS 65PS
0-100kmh 13.2 secs 16.8 secs
Economy 55.3mpg 65.7mpg
CO2 119g/km 99g/km
Tax €200 per year €180 per year
We really liked the little Ford!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Three Policies that could Support Human Rights in Gender and Sexual Minority Families
In the United States some (mostly white and heterosexual) people wax poetic about "the traditional family" of the 1950s, looking back on or imagining relationships of that period as iconic of "real" families with moms who worked at home for free (AKA "didn't work"), married to dads who worked outside the home for pay, and their 2.5 children who went to school, had paper-routes, and played baseball. Even though this nostalgic 50s era family was possible for only a limited slice of the population at the time,[i] the rose-colored vision of how things used to be 65 years ago continues to shape policy decisions and implementation today.[ii] Families in the 1950s included gay people, those for whom gender conventions felt stifling, bi or multi-racial members, non-marital childbirth, and divorce – they were simply less common and far more covert. Today that familial diversity has only expanded, along with a host of other important social shifts like women's increasing economic independence and increasing sexual, racial, ethnic, and religious diversity across the nation.
Real Families
Unfortunately, laws and policies designed to serve those who already had race, class, and heterosexual privileges remain in place and continue to fail the many families that fall outside of that narrow definition. These antiquated regulations serve families that only existed for a short period of time, even then only for a limited section of the population, and today are in the minority. Certainly some people marry and maintain one paid worker and one stay-at-home parent who (at least for a time) steps out of the paid work force in order to take care of the children, but these families are no longer the majority. Even though families with a full-time earner and a full-time parent are the statistical minority, current policies are still designed to serve families as if everyone with children has a full time caretaker at home. Shifting policies to better serve families as they are, rather than how we imagine them to have been decades ago, will not undermine heterosexual, dyadic families – they will still be covered under health insurance policies, inheritance laws, and hospital regulations.
Family Rights are Human Rights
In this piece I focus on laws and policies regulating marriage, parenthood, and the distribution of social benefits. Not only are they are among the most important laws and policies impacting families of all types, they are also the most relevant to gender and sexual minority (GSM) families. By denying members of GSM families the access to full family status, these laws and regulations flout these rights identified as fundamental to human rights by the UN Declaration of Human Rights[iii] and the Yogyakarta Principles.[iv] UN article 25, section 2, states that: "Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection." Yogyakarta principle 24 states that: "Everyone has the right to found a family, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity. Families exist in diverse forms. No family may be subjected to discrimination on the basis of the sexual orientation or gender identity of any of its members." Clearly, marriage prohibition, limiting legal parents to two, and denying needy children benefits because their parent(s) have the wrong race, gender, or sexual orientation discriminates against SGM families. Three policy changes could redress these discriminatory practices.
1. Legalize marriage for all, and remove marriage as the gatekeeper to benefits
By limiting federal legal marriage to monogamous "opposite-sex"[v] relationships, the government denies people in same-sex, polyamorous/multiple-partner, or transgender families the myriad social, practical, legal, and financial benefits that legally married people often take for granted. This marriage prohibition makes life harder, more tenuous, and more expensive for GSM families. Because people in same-sex relationships are barred from legally marrying in most of the United States, they are not able to receive the basic insurance protections for their partners and children who are not biologically related to them on their health insurance. Even in states that have legalized same-sex marriage, people in same-sex relationships are excluded from 1,138 Federal rights related to things such as Social Security and associated programs (housing, food stamps, etc.), veteran's benefits, taxation, inheritance, intellectual property, financial disclosure, conflict of interest, and immigration. Rather than "special rights," SGM families are denied regular rights that people in other-sex relationships have. Encoding second-class citizenship into marital laws only further alienates already disenfranchised sexual minorities and perpetuates institutionalized homophobia. Worse yet, it hurts the children from those families.
Not only should people in same-sex relationships be allowed to legally marry, but people in multiple-partner or other kinds of relationships with other consenting adults should be allowed to marry as well. What is consent and who counts as an adult – those are important questions we will need to answer as a society in order to establish effective family policies effectively
In addition to ending marriage prohibition, policies and laws should shift away from relying on the marital unit as the gateway to benefits, be they health insurance, Social Security benefits, or tax breaks. Will it be complicated to deal with individuals on a different basis than their marital status? Yes, without question. So will the continuing discussion around defining the social boundaries of marriage. In fact, it is already complicated – society is complicated and we have got to learn to deal with it. Simply pretending this wide variety of families does not exist is not working – we need to adjust policies and distribute benefits according to people's needs, not their relationship, sexual, or gender statuses.
Policies and laws should expand to recognize multiple levels of relationships among adults. Currently, most regulations recognize a very limited scope of relationships among adults – primarily biological relatives or legally married couples. To more effectively support contemporary families, laws should recognize connections between and among significant others like siblings, co-husbands, or life-long friends who function as family members. By recognizing adults' relationships, laws can support connections between and among adults who are attempting to care for children or each other. In a society with a crumbling social safety net, the more ways in which people can care for each other the better.
2. Allow multiple legal parents
Currently, there can be only two legal parents of any child, and if someone else seeks to become a parent, then one of the other parents must relinquish parental rights prior to the new parent being legally recognized.[vi] Rather than making it more difficult for adults to attach to children, policies should allow multiple adults to be legal parents to the same child in order to distribute the extensive emotional, practical, and financial needs associated with raising a child among multiple adults. By officially recognizing multiple parents, policies can help to attach more adults more securely to children.
By limiting the number of parents children are legally allowed to two, the government discriminates against polyamorous/multiple partner, blended, and adoptive families. While in some rare cases courts have legally recognized three parents, the vast majority of children are only allowed two legal parents even if there are other loving adults in their lives who are willing to take on legal responsibility for the children. This is a mistake, because raising children is hard, demanding, and requires extensive resources of time, energy, and money. While terribly cliché, it really does take a village to raise a child in a way that is humane for the adults. Single people can be exceptional parents, but almost always at the expense of their own personal time, social lives, and sleep.
In my 15-year study of children in polyamorous families, I have found that children with many adults to give them attention, love, guidance, emotional care, and material support often have strong feelings of wellbeing and contentment.[vii] Most children whose needs are met can be content, and having access to adults who love them helps children get their needs met. Those adults are better able to plan their lives together, establish long-term support networks, and remain resilient through life's challenges when their relationships are recognized as legitimate and afforded the same protections that other families enjoy.
Obviously multiple parents can introduce additional complexities, which would require courts and policy makers to create new ways to manage the complexity. I suggest assigning parents to specific portions of the child's life that best fit the specific parent's strengths: educators should be in charge of the children's education, medical professionals should be the chief decision makers when it comes to medical issues, and the primary caretaking parent should have the most say in disciplinary situations. With rights come responsibilities, and these additional parents would be responsible for supporting the children financially as well as emotionally and physically.
3. Give benefits directly to children in need, regardless of parental marital status, gender identity, sexual orientation, race, religion….
Obviously I don't mean we should hand children wads of cash, but refocusing regulations on children — rather than the adults to whom they are related — would far better serve children in diverse families. If a child is in poverty, lacks health care, clothes, or food, that child should get assistance regardless of the status of the child's parent(s) because those are human rights. Rather than concerning themselves with who lives in the home or if the child's mother has a marital/sexual/any relationship with the child's father, policies should be based on what is best for the child.
It is clear that the singular family model of the monogamous, heterosexual couple linked by romance alone, precariously perched on their unwavering emotional, sexual, and financial investment in each other does not work for everyone. As numerous divorce studies illustrate, for at the least 40% to 50% of all marriages that experience a "disruption,"[viii] one size no longer fits all, and blended, serial monogamous, same-sex, and polyamorous families are here to stay. Policies and laws should catch up to serve society as it actually is rather than punishing people who do not fit the white, middle-class, heterosexual, monogamous model of 65 years ago. For some people, family forms with broader foundations are more flexible and resilient, better able to meet the complex needs of diverse contemporary lives. Policies and laws should legally recognize and serve these families because they are humans too.
[i] That era also included — for far too many African American families — police attack dogs menacing school children and doing worse to protesters, blasting by water hoses, and church bombings that murdered children: not particularly idyllic for them.
[ii] See Stephanie Coontz's excellent series of books on this topic The Way we Really Are (1997), The Way we Never Were (2000), and Marriage: A History (2005) for a complete discussion of those ideas.
[iii] http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/index.shtml
[iv] http://www.yogyakartaprinciples.org/principles_en.htm
[v] While I realize that the term "opposite sex" is problematic because it implies that there are only two sexes and that they are polar opposites – ignoring genderqueer, intersexed, and transgendered people– I use it here because that same language is reflected in legislation and colloquial discussion.
[vi] In some cases, lesbian couples choose to have the egg of one partner extracted, fertilized, and implanted in the other partner, so both women and the man who provided the sperm are biologically related to the child. Specialized cases like that allow for multiple parentage, but the vast majority of localities allow only two legal parents at any point.
[vii] Sheff, Elisabeth. 2013. The Polyamorists Next Door: Inside Multiple-Partner Relationships and Families. Rowman and Littlefield.
[viii] (Cherlin 2010, 405),
Families, Polyamory, Transgender
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Zodiac Lover
How to Attract an Aries Woman
Best Sex Positions for Aries
How to Attract a Taurus Woman
Best Sex Positions for Taurus
How to Attract a Gemini Woman
Best Sex Positions for Gemini
How to Attract a Cancer Woman
Best Sex Positions for Cancer
How to Attract a Leo Woman
Best Sex Positions for Leo
How to Attract a Virgo Woman
Best Sex Positions for Virgo
How to Attract a Libra Woman
Best Sex Positions for Libra
How to Attract a Scorpio Woman
Best Sex Positions for Scorpio
How to Attract a Sagittarius Woman
Best Sex Positions for Sagittarius
How to Attract a Capricorn Woman
Best Sex Positions for Capricorn
How to Attract an Aquarius Woman
Best Sex Positions for Aquarius
How to Attract a Pisces Woman
Best Sex Positions for Pisces
When it comes to sex, one of the most vibrant signs of the Zodiac is that of Taurus. The second sign and one totally embedded with the earth, Taurus is known for spinning some of the greatest magical performances in the bedroom. A raging Bull with unlimited energy, the Taurus does mot joke with sex at all. A bulk of the sheer raw energy that the Taurus displays while making love is not unconnected with Venus, the absolute goddess of love, beauty and everything connected to the erotic side of humans. Not all sex positions appeal to the Taurus while there are some others that he is total into and will prefer to go for such over and over again.
The Taurus has a side that is wildly romantic and sensual so sex for this sign is meant to be enjoyed. For this sign, sex is all about pleasure and bonding solidly while building a relationship with their partners. Sex is just more than a physical routine for the Taurus, it is an integral portion of a relationship and must never be ignored. The following sex positions are the best for a Taurus.
The Rocking Horse
Zen Pause
The Tight End
Glowing Juniper
Classic Missionary
Cowgirl or Cowboy
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This is one of the most interesting sex positions and it is often described as a much pleasurable type of the well-known cowboy and cowgirl style. In this style, the first lover starts with the lower limbs extending out. Then the partner maneuvers herself into position on his and this she does by wrapping her lower limbs across his chest. The two lovers can use their hands placed on their backs to give more stability. Once that is done, the second lover can determine the rhythm and the depth of the thrusts which is done in coordination with the first partner. A Taurus is always in love with this style because it allows the partners to see themselves directly and also derive a lot of pleasure from maximum tactile sensation from all parts of the body.
One of the most intimate positions, the spooning method is one in which the two lovers start by lying in the cuddling state. Then the first lover penetrates from the back. When the Taurus lover wants to enjoy something really rhythmic but does not demand using a lot of energy, spooning is often the style and position of choice for this Bull.
Taureans love doing things gradually and love taking things one step after the other. They do not love being pushed to do things in a haste, that is something they totally detest. This same psyche is taken into the bedroom and that is where the Zen Pause sex position comes in. In this style, the Taurus is able to determine the rhythm while also deriving maximum pleasure. So this is how it is done: both lovers lie on their sides while facing each other with their legs locked and the chests also in very close proximity. In this position, the penetrating partner then moves into action and he remains fixed inside the partner all through. They can intimately caress and exchange hot and spicy French kisses at this point. It is the ultimate slow-burning style of lovemaking preferred by the Taureans.
Very similar to the legendary doggy style position, the tight end is best described as a modified version of the doggy. Here, the partner who receives the penetration presses his lower limbs firmly together in between the knees of the other partner. What makes this position very lovely and desirable is that it provides a lot of intimacy and closeness for both sides as they explode in ecstasy. But that is not all, the tight end position also allows them to have maximal tactile sensation.
The sexual history of the Taurus is not complete without mentioning the Glowing Juniper position of lovemaking. This can be described as form of cowgirl position but one that is a lot easier for the partner who will do the penetration. The second partner lies on her back with her legs wide open while the first partner (who will do all the penetration) faces her with her legs extended out. To get more stability, she can use a pillow or rest upon a solid surface. Then she raises the hips of her partner so that the penetration can be done. This position is a very pleasurable one as it provides some of the deepest penetration possible. It also has the advantage of allowing both partners to exchange very deep kisses and all sorts of tactile (touch) stimulation in various parts of the body.
This may come as a pleasant surprise to many but the time-tested classic missionary sex position is actually one of the most preferred positions for the Taureans. Some say it is because the typical Taurus does not like exerting too much energy while others believe it is simply because of the very pleasurable experience that the style can accord to the lovers. Another thing with the classic missionary sex position is that it provides room for a lot of intimacy and connection between the partners. In this style, they are able to stare directly into each other's eyes, lock limbs, place chest to chest and take the enjoyment to an entirely new level.
Once in a while, the Taurus likes to do some little exploration in the bedroom and at that point, the chosen style is the cowgirl position. Here, the receiving partner is on top facing away from the penetrating lover. Because Taureans are bulls who love to be ridden, this explains why this is one of the most beloved positions of lovemaking for them. They simply love that bestial act of being ridden and penetrated by their lover. There is no way the sexual life a typical Taurus will be discussed without mentioning the cowgirl or cowboy sex position – it is too important to be ignored.
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Want to Attract a Taurus Man?
ZodiacLover.com highly recommends "Taurus Man Secrets" to seduce him and keep him in your life. Click below to find our more!
Make Women Want You!
Make Him Fall in Love with You!


Encuentro Una Mirada 2014 had mixed seating. What was very interesting was how the dancers during three days completely spontaneous shifted to separate seating. At the end of the encuentro most of the women flocked together at one side of the room, and the men gathered at the nearest corner to make eye contact. Since the room was big, and had pillars all around, this arrangement came into existance by itself, it simply worked better under the given circumstances.
Encuentro Una Mirada 2015 had mixed seating and it remained that way - we changed the layout so the floor was enclosed by seating & tables, and we made it impossible for boys to accumulate in corners.


Come to MIT this summer for a week of intensive short courses on integrated photonics: materials, devices, EPDA software training and integrated photonic circuit design, chip fabrication, packaging, testing, and system applications.
Short courses on photonic integrated circuit systems-level drivers, materials & devices, Process Design Kit, chip fabrication and manufacturing, process variation, integrated photonics area applications, chip packaging and optical/electrical test characterization.
Registration in either Education Track enrolls attendees to participate in a week-long Design Project to evaluate and propose a conceptual design of an Application Specific PIC in datacom, RF signal processing, sensing, or LIDAR imaging.
Identify optical components market trends and assess electronic-photonic integration benefits in emerging industry applications: datacom, RF signal processors, sensors, LIDAR imaging.
Evaluate the performance of silicon photonic devices and foundry chip production methods.
Learn about the standardized approach of Process Design Kits (PDKs) to begin designing basic photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for fabrication with AIM Photonics.
Use leading automated design tools from vendors who collaborate intensively with the PIC foundry production process used by AIM Photonics.
Learn about PIC packaging evolution and test characterization methods.
Interpret application design tradeoffs subject to the manufacturing constraints for PICs comprised of thousands of integrated device components.
Develop foundational content to support and promote (i) integrated photonic competency within a company, or (ii) an integrated photonics track within a community college or university.
Network with a cohort of colleagues from academia and industry.
Meet leading Electronic Photonic Design Automation software vendors from Cadence, Lumerical, Mentor, PhoeniX Software, and Synopsis, to review the latest achievements in circuit simulation, layout, and design rule check.
Collaborate and present a design team project that synthesizes your learning objectives.
*A limited number of discounted spots will be available for professors and students who are also US citizens. Please contact Julie Diop if you are interested in pursuing this option.
AIM summer Academy 2019 provides an introduction to integrated photonics and associated commercial applications in its manufacturing supply chain. Students ranging from beginners at the senior undergraduate level to faculty interested in starting an Integrated Photonics track at their schools will benefit. The content will specifically prepare professional engineers in the electronic and photonic hardware industries for us of the latest integrated photonic technology and its EPDA modeling/layout tools. Executives and technologists including planners, engineers, and scientists participating in the optical and electronic components technology supply chain will acquire a working knowledge of the field.
The AIM Photonics Summer Academy introduces attendees to the prerequisite skill set and provides contextual expertise to complete AIM's online training course for design submissions to Multi-Project Wafer prototype runs at the AIM Photonics Institute's fabrication facility.
**US laws and regulations prevent MIT from allowing persons ordinarily resident in certain countries and regions from participating in AIM Summer Academy. Consequently, individuals ordinarily resident in Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Syria, and the Crimea region of Ukraine may not register. In addition, persons listed on the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Parties list maintained by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control and the Entities List maintained by the U.S. Department of Commerce are prohibited from participating.
For information regarding AIM Summer Academy 2018 please click here.


Just a quickie. . . In the final stages of my revisions. Hope to be done by tomorrow evening. But, if not, I'll be finishing up over the weekend.
I think I could revise this thing forever. There will always be a word I could change here, a sentence there . . . I'm feeling a little anxious about turning it in, and hoping my editor likes what I've done. But the good thing is, I like it. In fact, I'm pretty damn happy with what I've done.
Off to work some more . . .
Yes, go! You can only polish it so much before you start flaking away the paint!
Okay, Matt, I love that saying. Hmm, maybe because I can totally see myself going overboard. Whatever the case, that'll be my mantra from here on out!
Good luck and congratulations on being so close to the end. I think most writers could easily revise forever - it's hard for us to say "good enough." But there is such a thing as a revision just changing things and not necessarily improving them! Of course, I'm being selfish, because I just really want to read your book. So get it out there!
I hope yours is perfect!
Yes, stop fiddling with it so that it can make the big splash that much sooner! I'm dying over here. I've tagged your blog for an award, so if you'll drop by my blog, you can see what all the fuss is about.
Oh, I can SO relate to this!
Plus, you'll get another chance at it after it's bought, y'know?


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Brazil has only purchased half of announced vaccines
Photo: Ale Silva/Shutterstock
By TBR Newsroom
May 05, 2021 9:34 1 min read
The Health Ministry admitted to overestimating announcements of Covid-19 vaccine purchases. In prior advertising campaigns, the government had claimed to have secured a total of 560 million doses, but officials admitted to Congress that the real value is 280 million. The remaining shots are "under negotiation" with manufacturers.
On March 24, the government published a 30-second video on Twitter with the first mention of the 560-million vaccine total, repeated by Health Minister Marcelo Queiroga one week later. Following those statements, lawmakers formally asked the minister to show proof of this estimate.
At least eight state capitals have halted the distribution of second doses of the CoronaVac. On Monday, Supreme Court Justice Ricardo Lewandowski ruled that elected officials could be held criminally accountable for delays.
The problem is partly due to a March 21 guidance issued by the Health Ministry (which was then under former Health Minister Eduardo Pazuello) telling states and cities to use stocks reserved for booster shots as first doses, in order to broaden vaccination coverage. The government promises to amend the situation this week.