text:
20140727 Israel Gaza Conflict - Israel's Home Front
Israel Gaza Conflict - Israel's Home Front
Hundreds of volunteers flock to the Sheba Medical Center to show their support for IDF soldiers injured in the Gaza Strip. The Israeli population is showing great support for its military as well as its political leaders engaged in Operation Protective Edge directed against Hamas terrorism in the Gaza Strip.
Major (res.) URI LIVNE heads the Home Front Command TV Production Unit producing television and Internet material relevant to the saving of civilian lives in light of Gazan Hamas rockets aimed at Israel's civilian population.
IDF soldiers operate one hundred telephone positions at the Home Front Command Information Center answering calls from the public around the clock in regard to sirens, guidelines, protection, etc. in seven languages. In the twenty days of Operation Protective Edge more than 300,000 calls have been answered.
Regular soldiers (R) work alongside reserve soldiers (L) at the Home Front Command Lachish District HQ in Ashkelon responsible for an area with a population of over 600,000. In the twenty days of Operation Protective Edge 680 rocket have been fired by Hamas in Gaza at Israeli civilians in this district.
29 IDF soldiers are currently treated in the Sheba Medical Center following injuries in the Gaza Strip alongside 50 Palestinian children, the majority of which are being treated for Cancer in the same Israeli hospital.
Some fifty Palestinian children from Gaza are being treated in the Sheba Medical Center, the majority for Cancer in the Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Institute, alongside 29 IDF soldiers hospitalized in the same Israeli hospital for injuries in the Gaza Strip.
Colonel (res.) ITAI PELEG commands the Home Front Command Lachish District HQ in Ashkelon responsible for an area with a population of over 600,000. In the twenty days of Operation Protective Edge 680 rocket have been fired by Hamas in Gaza at Israeli civilians in this district.
A Hebrew banner hangs on a residential building in the predominantly religious-Zionist neighborhood of Kiryat Moshe reading: "There are no innocents in Gaza". The Israeli population is showing great support for its military as well as its political leaders engaged in Operation Protective Edge directed against Hamas terrorism in the Gaza Strip.
Captain LENNY MAMAN commands IDF soldiers operating one hundred telephone positions at the Home Front Command Information Center answering calls from the public around the clock in regard to sirens, guidelines, protection, etc. in seven languages. In the twenty days of Operation Protective Edge more than 300,000 calls have been answered.
A hand written Hebrew sign hangs on the Calatrava Chords Bridge at Jerusalem's entrance reading: "To our soldiers with love, the heart says thanks". The Israeli population is showing great support for its military as well as its political leaders engaged in Operation Protective Edge directed against Hamas terrorism in the Gaza Strip.
The Home Front Command TV Production Unit produces television and Internet material relevant to the saving of civilian lives in light of Gazan Hamas rockets aimed at Israel's civilian population.
Banners, drawings and blessings decorate the entrance to the Sheba Medical Center showing love and support for IDF soldiers injured in the Gaza Strip.


Camp Dror is a Jewish Orthodox sleepaway camp for youth from Israel and abroad entering grades 5 - 10. The camp spans two and a half weeks. There is also The Camp Dror Leadership Program for youth entering grades 11 and 12 and just graduating 12th ( for more information about the Leadership Program click here). The boys camp is situated in Hispin and the girls camp in Moshav Keshet, both in the beautiful Golan Heights. Deepening Jewish identity through learning is an integral part of Camp Dror. The campers develop a strong connection to Am Yisrael and Eretz Yisrael by touring our country and through the activities during camp.
We aim to inspire and instill Jewish values that will remain with the campers long after the culmination of their camp experience. The camp promotes self-development, learning Jewish texts, and Jewish enrichment, as well as strengthening the connection to the Land of Israel through exploring nature and volunteering in the community. Each of the camps have a dining hall that provides a variety of nutritious Kosher Lemehadrin meals.
Both campuses are located in the green and majestic hills of the Golan Heights .
Chugim: Drama, cooking, martial arts, outdoor training etc.


text:
Articles Recently Tagged: Market Street Hub Project
Big Hub District Plan and New Heights Closer to Reality
On the heels of the adoption of San Francisco's Central SoMa Plan, the legal challenges of which have yet to be resolved, San Francisco's Planning Department has just finished drafting the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for the City's equally ambitious, and synergistic, Hub District Plan. In addition to improving... Read More »
Proposed Hub Heights Raised, Impact Report about to Be Drafted
With San Francisco's ambitious Central SoMa Plan nearing adoption, the city's Planning Department is about to start drafting the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for the equally ambitious Hub District Plan. In addition to improving and activating the area's streets, alleys and public realm, the Market Street Hub plan would... Read More »
More Height for Hayes Valley Tower as Newly Rendered
As we first reported early last year: "San Francisco's Planning Department has completed its preliminary review of the French American International School's proposed 320-foot tower to rise on its parking lot site at 98 Franklin Street in Hayes Valley. And beyond the proposed height, for which the school has... Read More »
Towering Plans for City College Site Densified
While the effective height of the proposed tower to rise up to 250 feet in height upon the City College of San Francisco site at 33 Gough Street hasn't changed (too much), two stories have been added for a total of twenty-five (25) and the tower's floor plates have... Read More »
Towering Plans for City College Site
In a move which shouldn't catch any plugged-in readers by surprise, City College of San Francisco has formally submitted plans for a tower to rise upon their 46,000-square-foot Hub District parcel at 33 Gough Street. As envisioned by David Baker Architects, the 23-story tower would rise to a height... Read More »
Big Plans for the Burgeoning Hub District's Streets and Plazas
With up to 9,000 units of housing expected to be built within the boundaries of San Francisco's burgeoning Hub District, which is off-centered around the intersection of Market Street and South Van Ness Avenue, the plan to guide the development of the neighborhood's "Public Realm" (i.e., all the space... Read More »
No Red Flags for Proposed 320-Foot-Tall Hayes Valley Tower
San Francisco's Planning Department has completed its preliminary review of the French American International School's proposed 320-foot tower to rise on its parking lot site at 98 Franklin Street in Hayes Valley. And beyond the proposed height, for which the school has a plan, the Department didn't raise any... Read More »
More Height Coming in the New Year
While the height of the new Salesforce/Transbay Tower rising at 415 Mission Street has already caught plenty of people by surprise, particularly when unexpectedly seen from afar, keep in mind that the tower's 150-foot-tall crown, which will represent 14 percent of the 1,070-foot-tall Transbay tower's total height, has yet... Read More »
French American School Proposes 320-Foot Tower in Hayes Valley
The French American International School has engaged Handel Architects to draft plans for a 320-foot tower to rise on the parking lot site at 98 Franklin Street in Hayes Valley, a site which which is across the street the school's building at 150 Oak Street and which plugged-in readers... Read More »
The Grand Plan to Transform the Intersection of Market and Van Ness
In addition to potentially raising building height limits, allowing for more density, and setting the stage for a number of public realm improvements, such as new public open spaces and safer streets, the draft plan for the City's Market Street Hub Project envisions transforming the intersection of Market and... Read More »

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Every year since 2007, January 28th is observed in many parts of the world including the United States, Canada, India, and Europe as Data Privacy Protection Day, with the purpose of raising awareness and promoting privacy and data protection best practices. While countries around the globe each have their own regulations to protect their citizens personal data, the European Unions General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that takes effect in May 2018 is creating ripples worldwide, primarily because of the humungous penalties (up to € 20 million or 4% of a company's global revenues), global impact, privacy by design, stringent consent conditions, 72 hours window to report data breaches and the range of data subject rights.
Data subject rights essentially reflect the philosophy of the GDPR, and for that matter, is what should drive all privacy regulations today. Every individual has a right to privacy and protection of their personal data. Recently, India's highest constitutional court, the Supreme Court, declared that individual privacy is a guaranteed fundamental right.
In the context of data privacy and data breaches, most organizations across the globe typically focus on their customer's personal data, especially in consumer-oriented industries such as retail, travel, banking, and insurance. The high-profile data breach stories such as those of Yahoo, TalkTalk, Equifax, etc. all highlight the risks and losses of customer data only. But what about employee personal data? Data protection regulations like the GDPR require that organizations focus equally on the protection and privacy of employee data.
When an individual becomes a part of a new organization, he or she will be required to share various types of information with the employer, including personal and sensitive data ranging from date of birth to financial details to health records. What after they have joined? No one really bothers to find out what their employers are doing with this wealth of valuable data or what steps are they taking to ensure all this data is secure. Or when they contract an outside company for example for learning and development what measures are taken to safeguard sensitive employee data. Most of us tend to assume that our data will remain private and safe with our employers and in our enterprise systems. Unfortunately, this faith is sometimes misplaced. In early 2017, a UK retailer Sports Direct revealed that 30,000 unencrypted employee data files were stolen however the firm didn't inform the employees till it was published in the news. A breach in the case management system used by the Department of Homeland Security's Office of the Inspector General led to the leak of personal data for roughly 250,000 employees. A few years ago, hackers broke into Sony Pictures' network, harvested data for two months and then leaked much of that data in November 2014, including confidential details such as names, addresses and Social Security numbers of Sony employees. The aftermath led to a class-action suit filed by the employees, resulting in a multimillion-dollar settlement.
Traditionally, employers have relied on 'consent' to process personal data of candidates and employees. However, this may not be a good practice given the power imbalance between employees and employers, where the consent may not be given freely because of fear of negative repercussions. For instance, an employer may provide legitimate interest as a basis to process a candidate's social media profile during the recruitment process; compliance with the spirit of data protection requires that employers must determine, prior to inspecting a job applicant's profile, whether the profile is related to either business or private purposes. In addition, only data that is necessary and relevant to the position that is being applied for may be collected by employers. With respect to existing employees, the screening of social media profiles should not take place on a generalized basis at all.
As organizations are waking up to the risks of managing their employees' personal data, they are quickly realizing the enormous task that lies ahead. To begin with, many are not aware of what employee data they may have collected over time and where it is all located. For instance, passport data of employees may get processed and stored in the company's travel-related systems. Insurance-related personal data collected may get shared with third parties. Corporate credit card details may be stored across a bunch of systems from payroll to travel to benefits. As per a recent Forrester study, only 41% organizations knew where their employee data is located. However, a lot of this information often finds its way into files and emails, e.g. an image of a driver's license shared via email. The same study states that 66% of companies fail to classify unstructured data properly. Essentially, it is fairly safe to assume that very few companies can really claim to know what and where all of their employee personal data is stored and processed.
So what should an organization do, ensure that they are compliant with data privacy laws for their employee data? First, it is imperative to realize that privacy is a top-down matter and must be necessarily driven by the firm's executive leadership. The starting point is to define and set in place the proper HR governance framework, including relevant policies (such as data security and data retention), standards and processes. This will also help in understanding what data falls within the scope and in its classification. Second, one needs to know where this data lies and how it is being used and this is where the process of data discovery and process mapping comes in. Depending on the size and complexity, one could manually scan the systems for the incidence of personal data or choose from a wide variety of available technologies to automate the discovery process.
Step 1: Know what employee data you have, where it is stored and what is it is currently used for.
Step 2: Analyze your HR processes and ensure legitimate and minimal processing of personal and sensitive data.
Step 3: Adopt a top-down approach and lead to governance best practices.
Step 4: Ensure employee data is secure, while at rest and in motion.
With this, organisations are now on track to begin the compliance remediation journey be it to secure this data using solutions such as encryption, or to revamp the consent capture and check process, or to modify business processes to efficiently service employees' rights to access, modify or delete their personal data, or to be ready to detect and report breaches before the damage is done.
The Information Technology Act, 2000 ('IT Act') is the only legislation which has attempted to address the issue of data protection and privacy. Section 43A provides for the protection of sensitive personal data or information ('SPDI') and section 72A protects personal information from unlawful disclosure in breach of contract. The government has recently introduced certain rules under the IT Act which, read along with section 43A, set out the compliances which need to be observed by an entity which collects or stores or otherwise deals with SPDI (such as passwords, financial information, health conditions, sexual orientation, medical records and biometric records).
Several multinational companies process their employee data at a single location in the world and the data is made accessible to subsidiaries located across the world. Hence, when putting their data protection systems in place, they need to take into account data protection laws of all the relevant countries. The provisions of Indian laws as discussed above may pose some unique situations and requirements which have to be adhered to.
At this point, HR leaders may well be wondering how much more they need to take on; as if talent acquisition and employee retention did not present sufficient challenges, now comes an additional burden of ensuring employee data privacy. But in fact, it is quite the opposite. Gaining digital trust in today's economy is one of the key success factors for brand building, and hence companies can look forward to ensuring employee data privacy and protection as an opportunity to create a trusted and favored employer brand. Further, regulatory compliance requires that data processing must not only be legitimate but must also be necessary, proportionate and implemented in the least intrusive manner possible.
Creating peace of mind within your employees, that their sensitive data is just as safe as your customers' data is a big step towards achieving this.
Rachita Bhattamishra is an Associate Director for Digital Business Solutions with Cognizant Technology Solutions.A proven leader in digital automation, analytics and data management, she is also passionate about applying digital innovation for HR business process transformation.Rachita is a Fulbright Fellow (Leadership in Management) from Tepper School of Business, Carnegie Melon and holds an MBA from the IIM, Indore.


text:
thecriticaleye
movies, music and other musings
About The Critical Eye
About TCE's contributors
joelito
The Horrible Dr. B
Quai d'Orsay
November 17, 2017 · by The Thorn	· in Film, Literature.	·
Synopsis: Doors slam and papers fly in this off-the-wall comedy lampooning French politics from master filmmaker Bertrand Tavernier (The Princess of Montpensier). Based on the award-winner graphic novel by former government speech writer Abel Lanzac, The French Minister revolves around fictional Minister of Foreign Affairs Alexandre Taillard de Vorms (a tour-de- comic performance by Thierry Lhermitte), a human whirlwind and a man confident in France's importance on the world stage. With a take-no-prisoners attitude, de Vorms faces American neo-cons, corrupt Russians and the opportunistic Chinese while his hapless speech writer (Raphael Personnaz, Anna Karenina) endures the eccentricities of his megalomaniacal boss and his sycophantic entourage. In the vein of political comedies like In the Loop, The French Minister in s hilarious send-up of diplomacy and international politics with rapid-fire dialogue and a brilliant ensemble cast.
Quai d'Orsay 8.0
eyelights: Thierry Lhermitte. its sumptuous palaces. its satirical bent. its adaptation.
eyesores: its dryness.
"You'll be our only functioning brain. All of ours are already fried."
'Quai d'Orsay' is the 2013 motion picture adaptation of the award-winning graphic novels by Christophe Blain and Antonin Baudry. It is based on Baudry's experiences of working for the French Foreign Ministry during the lead-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
It finds Arthur Vlaminck, a University student, being called upon by Minister Alexandre Taillard de Worms to work in his office as a speech-writer. Though they're incompatible politically, Arthur is won over by de Worms and decides to try his best to help him.
Then he gets sucked into bureaucratic chaos.
I had enjoyed the graphic novels, which a close friend of mine had recommended, so picking up the movie seemed like a natural thing to do. And, when I discovered that Thierry Lhermitte played de Worms, I was pretty eager to see it; it certainly had potential.
'Quai d'Orsay' delivered.
It's actually an excellent adaptation of the source material, hitting on all the key notes and gimmicks and tweaking them for a viewing audience. It lifts the story off the page and gives it a pizazz whose absence would otherwise have hobbled a feature-film version.
For instance, many scenes are separated by intertitles featuring quotes by Heraclitus, there's less emphasis on the "Ludistan" debacle, the Minister is more realistic/less cartoonish, Arthur's girlfriend has more of a role and there's far more action in the third act.
The greatest change from page to screen, though, are the visuals: the original books had rudimentary, if not stuffy, art that was suitable for the material but wasn't exactly eye-popping. The movie, however, makes great use of the locations to spruce things up.
And, as the picture was actually shot on location in the prestigious Ministerial offices at Quai d'Orsay, as well as the palatial Assemblée nationale française, it's actually quite an enjoyable watch – if one appreciates opulence and 17th-18th century architecture.
Thierry Lhermitte is excellent as de Worms, injecting in the Minister the appropriate amount of aloofness and absurdity, but also grounding him enough that he doesn't quite feel like a caricature. Meanwhile, Raphaël Personnaz is solid as the beleaguered Arthur.
Interestingly, one of the strongest performances comes from a supporting player: Niels Arestrup, as Claude Maupas, the department head. His Maupas is great, always cool, in control, competent – even when he falls asleep in meetings, bouncing back with deft and wile.
Arestrup won a César for his performance.
In some ways, 'Quai d'Orsay' is a good complement to 'In the Loop'. While the latter is a Brit satire of the lead-up to the invasion of Iraq, this is the French version. It's not as outrageous or vulgar; it's more subtle in its approach. But it's nonetheless amusing.
Ultimately, it strikes an excellent balance between being faithful to the graphic novels and catering to moviegoers – especially those who haven't read the books. It stands on its own – though it would be probably advantageous to have a prior point of reference.
For huge laughs, I'd look elsewhere. But, for its craft, for the way that it skewers international politics, for its performances, for its filmmaking, and certainly for its eye candy, it's well worth seeing. It's a picture I look forward to revisiting in the future.
I might even double-bill it with 'In the Loop' when I do.
Date of viewing: July 13, 2017
Tags: Comedy, Drama, Foreign films, Politics, Romance, War
← Justice League of America
Cheers: Season 3 →
Welcome to The Critical Eye, a blog filled with an ever-growing number (2900+) of blurbs about movies, music, books and other fun things.
We hope that you'll enjoy your visit.
Don't miss a blurb! Sign up now!
Enter your email address to receive The Critical Eye directly in your Inbox
Search our blurbs
TCE's most recent
Justin Bieber: Rise to Fame
It Happened On 5th Avenue
A Christmas Carol (1938)
3615 code Père Noël
The Santa Trap
Santa Claus: The Movie
TCE's most popular
Critical comments
#281 What's Up… on What's Up Tiger Lily?
#AdventBotany 2018,… on Lady Cottington's Presse…
The Thorn on Justin Bieber: Rise to Fame
Cory Melancon on Justin Bieber: Rise to Fame
The Thorn on Papurika
The Thorn on Pāfekuto burū
ospreyshire on Papurika
ospreyshire on Pāfekuto burū
The Thorn on Boyz n the Hood
TCE calendar
TCE archive
TCE archive Select Month December 2017 (41) November 2017 (36) October 2017 (40) September 2017 (36) August 2017 (31) July 2017 (31) June 2017 (30) May 2017 (33) April 2017 (30) March 2017 (31) February 2017 (29) January 2017 (32) December 2016 (32) November 2016 (33) October 2016 (32) September 2016 (31) August 2016 (31) July 2016 (32) June 2016 (31) May 2016 (31) April 2016 (31) March 2016 (31) February 2016 (32) January 2016 (1) December 2015 (46) November 2015 (30) October 2015 (39) September 2015 (31) August 2015 (31) July 2015 (31) June 2015 (30) May 2015 (31) April 2015 (30) March 2015 (32) February 2015 (30) January 2015 (31) December 2014 (32) November 2014 (31) October 2014 (33) September 2014 (35) August 2014 (36) July 2014 (32) June 2014 (30) May 2014 (31) April 2014 (30) March 2014 (31) February 2014 (29) January 2014 (31) December 2013 (33) November 2013 (30) October 2013 (32) September 2013 (30) August 2013 (32) July 2013 (31) June 2013 (30) May 2013 (31) April 2013 (30) March 2013 (31) February 2013 (28) January 2013 (31) December 2012 (31) November 2012 (30) October 2012 (39) September 2012 (30) August 2012 (31) July 2012 (31) June 2012 (30) May 2012 (31) April 2012 (30) March 2012 (31) February 2012 (34) January 2012 (36) December 2011 (38) November 2011 (38) October 2011 (41) September 2011 (30) August 2011 (31) July 2011 (21) June 2011 (30) May 2011 (27) April 2011 (16) March 2011 (29) February 2011 (9) December 2010 (4) November 2010 (13) October 2010 (22) September 2010 (7) August 2010 (30) July 2010 (20) June 2010 (9) May 2010 (15) April 2010 (19) March 2010 (19) February 2010 (17) January 2010 (27) December 2009 (40) October 2009 (26) September 2009 (18) August 2009 (36) July 2009 (29) June 2009 (8) April 2007 (1) May 2006 (3) April 2006 (2) March 2006 (4) February 2006 (4) January 2006 (2) November 2002 (1)
TCE categories
TCE categories Select Category Film Literature Music Television Uncategorized
TCE themes
Action Adventure Alternative Ambient Animation Biography Bluegrass Blues Classical Comedy Concert Country Crime Dance Disaster Disco Documentary Drama Electronic Espionage Family Fantasy Film music Folk Foreign films Funk Gospel Goth Hard rock Hip Hop Holidays Horror Industrial Jazz Martial Arts Metal Musical Music videos Mystery New Age New Wave Opera Period piece Politics Pop Post-Punk Progressive-Rock Psychedelia Punk Puppetry r&b Reggae Religion Rock Romance Science Fiction Sex soul Sports Superheroes Suspense Vampires War Westerns Work World Beat
TCE recommends
Critical Readers
The Everyday Alternative
News for your everyday alternative lifestyle
Gleefully Macabre
The more-or-less official Jeff Strand site.
brunchosaurus
filmnerdblog
I watch a lot of films. And then I write about them.
Applied Comics Network
A network for anyone who works with graphic narrative and information
PolitikElle
All politics All the time
beanscomiconline.wordpress.com/
Beans: Taking the p!$$ out of politics one strip at a time
lovelessradionetwork
The Critical Cinephile
A means to broadening your cinematic horizons
International Women's Day Ottawa 2018
Join us for #IWDOttawa's 10th anniversary event | Hashtags & Beyond: 10 Years of Honouring Local Feminists, March 8th, 2018
Creep.
The existence of this blog is all about my obsession with the world of horror.
for film lovers only
Streets of O-Town
A word and view by myself, as it pertains to any and all subject matter regarding street art, culture and anything I find interesting... enjoy!


Air Hose - Industrial Air Hose. JGB offers a wide range of durable Air Hoses designed for use in construction, agriculture, mining, petroleum processing, foundry, shipyard, or quarry, and more.
In addition to moderate heat resistance, aluminum is also resistant to the damaging and corrosive properties of many of today's harsh chemicals.
Corrugated Metal Hoses come in all varieties. Make sure to contact Hose Master to ensure you're choosing the right corrugated metal hoses.
304 S.S. flexible metal hose lined with smooth PTFE liner and flared thru standard end fittings. Designed for applications requiring a large diameter smooth bore flexible hose combining the unexcelled corrosion resistance and sanitary properties of PTFE and the durability of flexible metal hose.
PureFlex Hoses: ProFlex™ PFA-Lined Chemical Hoses Seamless Convoluted PFA Hose PureFlex ProFlex™ Lined Hose was developed as an extremely flexible chemical transfer hose.
Brilliance Trading - Johor Bahru, JB, Malaysia, Brilliance Trading is a one-stop industrial products supplier company. Our main office is located in Johor Jaya, Johor Bahru (JB).


text:
Bone metabolism & osteoporosis Diagnostics
Bone metabolism & osteoporosis Products List Download
Case Study: GeneMedi's GMP-h-β-CTx-Ab pairs (Anti-human β-CTx mouse monoclonal antibody) are validated to detect the GMP-h-β-CTx-Ag01 (Recombinant human β-CTx Protein) in ELISA
GDU-products for Bone metabolism monitoring& osteoporosis Diagnostics
Introduction of Bone metabolism (bone remodeling), calcium cycle, and osteoporosis
Osteoporosis Diagnostics and Therapy Monitoring: Bone remodeling markers and calcium cycle markers
Evidence has shown activated osteoclasts create resorption pits with low pH to dissolve the inorganic matrix and lysomal enzymes, such as TRAP and cathepsin K, effectively digest the exposed type-1 collagen releasing specific degradation products, such as the carboxyl-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX-1). The biomarker β-CTx offers significant information on bone metabolism (bone remodeling) and is useful to predict fracture risk and to monitor the treatment efficacy. Recently, our R&D department demonstrated that our GMP-h-β-CTx-Ab pairs have a large linear range and good sensitivity against the GMP-h-β-CTx-Ag01. Below is the result of GeneMedi's GMP-h-β-CTx-Ab01/02/03/04 (Anti-human β-CTx mouse monoclonal antibody) validation with GMP-h-β-CTx-Ag01 (Recombinant human β-CTx Protein) in ELISA. We highly recommend the Ab01-Ab02 pair and Ag to you.
Fig 1. GeneMedi's GMP-h-β-CTx-Ab01/02/03/04 (Anti-human β-CTx mouse monoclonal antibody) are validated to detect the GMP-h-β-CTx-Ag01 (Recombinant human β-CTx Protein) in ELISA.
Novel biological markers have been developed, and studies suggest that they may be valuable research tools for investigating the mechanisms of bone metabolism and assessing the activity of osteocytes, and some of them may be of value for the management of patients with osteoporosis and other bone diseases. To better predict fracture risk and monitor the treatment efficacy of osteoporosis and other bone diseases, GDU offers diagnostic antibodies and antigens for the biomarkers, such as CTX-1, P1NP, N-MID OC, PTH and 25-OH-VD. These biomarkers can be used on the bone metabolism panel.
Cat No. Biomarker Physiological process Clinical value
GMP-h-β-CTx β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptides (β-CTx), Beta-CrossLaps (beta-CTx) Bone resorption Evaluate bone resorption rate
GMP-h-PINP procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP),
amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP) Bone formation Evaluate bone formation rate
GMP-h-N-MID-OC N-terminal midfragment of Osteocalcin (N-MID OC) Bone formation Evaluate bone formation rate
GMP-h-PTH parathyroid hormone (PTH) Calcium cycle Evaluate hypercalcemia/ hypocalcemia/ hyperparathyroidism
GMP-SMT-25-OH-VD3/2 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-(VD3+VD2)) Calcium cycle Evaluate vitamin D sufficiency
GMP-SMT-25-OH-VD-3 25-hydroxy (OH) Vitamin D3 (25-OH-VD-3) Calcium cycle Evaluate vitamin D sufficiency
For inquiry please click here to contact us or send email to [email protected]
Bones are not inert structures within the human body; they continue to change over the course of a lifespan. Bone metabolism is characterized by an intimate cooperation of bone cells including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes in order to maintain bone tissue quantity and the integrity of bone structure. This process of skeletal change is also known as bone remodeling, which both protects the structural integrity of the skeletal system and metabolically contributes to the body's balance of calcium and phosphorus. Remodeling entails the resorption of old or damaged bone, followed by the deposition of new bone material. It is mainly regulated by osteoclastic bone destruction and osteoblastic bone formation. Besides, osteocytes also have a role in this process as well.
The bone remodelling cycle lasts 150–200 days and is primarily mediated by osteoblastic signals which promote the differentiation and maturation of osteoclast precursors. Activated osteoclasts create resorption pits with low pH to dissolve the inorganic matrix and lysomal enzymes, such as TRAP and cathepsin K, effectively digest the exposed type-1 collagen releasing specific degradation products,such as the carboxyl-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX-1). Osteoblasts are attracted to this eroded surface and begin to form new osteoid. Type-1 collagen, abundant in osteoblasts, is secreted as a procollagen precursor molecule into the extracellular space where it is cleaved at the amino- and carboxy-terminals releasing pro-peptides into the blood. The procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and osteocalcin (OC) are the the most sensitive markers of bone formation rate. Although labile, assay of intact osteocalcin (iOC) is established as the standard assay for evaluating osteoblastic function. Study examines the clinical usefulness of the newly developed immunoradiometric assay for osteocalcin (OC), which identifies the stable N-terminal midfragment of OC (N-MID OC assay). The findings suggest that N-MID OC immunoreactivity is much more stable than iOC immunoreactivity and that N-MID OC assay may be less susceptible to the OC fragments reported to accumulate in uremic serum. It may, therefore, prove more reliable than iOC assay for evaluating bone turnover, and thus for reflecting bone loss. Initially hydroxyapatite crystals are deposited in the osteoid then a slower mineralisation process continues over several months, followed by a period of quiescence. RANKL, an essential osteoclastogenic cytokine, is expressed on the surface of osteoblasts, it binds to its cellular receptor RANK on pre-osteoclasts and promotes their differentiation and activation. OPG a decoy receptor for RANKL, is secreted by osteoblasts and other stromal derived cells and reduces bone resorption by binding to RANK and preventing osteoclastic activity.
Fig 2. Bone metabolism (bone remodeling) cycle.
Calcium as a nutrient is most commonly associated with the formation and metabolism of bone. Bone tissue serves as a reservoir for and source of calcium for these critical metabolic needs through the process of bone remodeling. Calcium metabolism is regulated in large part by the parathyroid hormone (PTH)–vitamin D endocrine system, which is characterized by a series of homeostatic feedback loops. The rapid release of mineral from the bone is essential to maintain adequate levels of ionized calcium in serum. During vitamin D deficiency states, bone metabolism is significantly affected as a result of reduced active calcium absorption. This leads to increased PTH secretion as the calcium sensing receptor in the parathyroid gland senses changes in circulating ionic calcium. Increased PTH levels induce enzyme activity (1α-hydroxylase) in the kidney, which converts vitamin D to its active hormonal form, calcitriol. In turn, calcitriol stimulates enhanced calcium absorption from the gut. Not surprisingly, the interplay between the dynamics of calcium and vitamin D often complicates the interpretation of data relative to calcium requirements, deficiency states, and excess intake.
Fig 3. calcium cycle.
In metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis, bone metabolism is altered, leading to bone loss that is often accompanied by changes in the microarchitecture that result in bone fragility and ultimately fracture.
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to bone fragility, and consequent increase in fracture risk. It is the most common reason for a broken bone among the elderly. Bones that commonly break include the vertebrae in the spine, the bones of the forearm, and the hip. Until a broken bone occurs there are typically no symptoms. Bones may weaken to such a degree that a break may occur with minor stress or spontaneously. After the broken bone heals, the person may have chronic pain and a decreased ability to carry out normal activities. Monitoring of patients treated for osteoporosis should include regular contact with a health care professional to ensure that: (1) medication is taken regularly and correctly, (2) calcium and vitamin D intake are sufficient, (3) the patient has no adverse effects or fear of adverse effects that must be addressed, and (4) there are no comorbidities or other medications that might alter the expected treatment effect.
The development of serum and urinary assays for biochemical markers, reflecting either enzymatic activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts or breakdown products of bone tissue, has been very useful for investigating the complex pathways of bone metabolism and their alterations in bone diseases. The biomarkers, such as CTX-1, P1NP, N-MID OC, PTH and 25-OH-VD, offer significant information on bone metabolism (bone remodeling) and calcium cycle and are useful to predict fracture risk and to monitor the treatment efficacy.


text:
Pietroso är en kommun i departementet Haute-Corse på ön Korsika i Frankrike. Kommunen ligger i kantonen Vezzani som tillhör arrondissementet Corte. År  hade Pietroso  invånare.

Befolkningsutveckling
Antalet invånare i kommunen Pietroso

Referens:INSEE

Se även
 Lista över kommuner i departementet Haute-Corse

Källor

Kommuner i Haute-Corse

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


"I need a holiday and I need one now!". Harry was 10 months old. I had spent almost a year with a colicky and reflux baby who cried a lot. And I hadn't been on a trip away since the previous year to North Queensland when I was pregnant. I needed a change of scenery, an adventure, somewhere I haven't been before. "I want to go the Great Ocean Road". Chris looked at me as though I'd gone a bit mad. But I had thought about this. Harry would be Harry whether we were at home or away. I on the other hand needed to recharge my batteries. I would definitely be better after a trip away.
And so we found ourselves sitting on a flight to Melbourne with our 10 month old. Thankfully the flight was pretty uneventful, and after picking up our hire car we were on our way. By the time we get to Geelong I realise that there are going to be more stops on this trip than I had originally planned for. 10 month olds get cranky when restrained in car seats for more than 30 minutes. They are also hungry, thirsty and need nappy changes constantly. So after a play by the waters edge at Geelong and some lunch we are back on the road. Next stop the famous Bells Beach at Torquay.
Far out brussell sprout. The wind is blowing a gale and we nearly get blown sideways. It starts to drizzle so we get back in the car. No walk here today! Never mind. On towards Lorne we go. I have planned to spend a couple of nights in Lorne followed by a night out at Port Campbell. As we drive on the sun comes out, and the wind dies down. I see a sign for Aireys Inlet and the Split Point Lighthouse. I always like a good Lighthouse and coastal walk, so we turn off.
"Wow, this place is just beautiful. Look at the lighthouse! This lighthouse looks very familiar". A theme song from a favourite chidhood TV show starts playing through my head… "Have you ever, ever felt like this, have strange things happened are you going around the twist". "This lighthouse looks like the Round the Twist lighthouse"! I exclaim. Chris stares at me blankly. "You know? The lighthouse from the TV show Round the Twist"? The blank stare continues.
I race off up the hill leaving Harry crawling around trying to eat grass at Chris' feet. "I'm going to read the information sign!" I yell back over my shoulder. I get to the sign and quickly scan the words. It is the lighthouse used in the Round the Twist children's TV series! Chris and Harry come to stand next to me. I am staring at the lighthouse in awe. I have just been transported back to my 12 year old self. I am standing in front of the lighthouse that was used as the set for my favourite show as a kid. I educate Chris on what a great kids show he missed in his youth as we wander around.
Split Point Lighthouse (aka the Round the Twist Lighthouse) was completed in 1891 after 10 ships had met their fate on this rocky, treacherous but spectacular coastline. We decide to walk part of the 3.5 km Aireys Inlet Cliff top walk which follows the limestone sea cliffs from the lighthouse all the way to Sunnymead Beach. As we meander through the cliff top vegetation, we stop at a number of viewing platforms to take in the views out over Eagle Rock Marine Sanctuary. At low tide you can head on down to Steppy beach to check out the sub tidal rock platform, but we give that a miss today.
This beautifully scenic walk is a great introduction into what to expect along the Great Ocean Road – cliffs, gorgeous rock formations and of course the magnificent big blue southern ocean. By the time we return back to the car I am thoroughly captivated. Its only the first afternoon of the first day of our Great Ocean Road adventure and I know I am going to be blown away by what we see on this trip. I feel alive with anticipation. Late afternoon has crept upon us so it's time to keep moving, onto our accommodation in Lorne.
The drive along the Great Ocean Road to from Aireys Inlet to Lorne is amazing. My only complaint would be there are not enough places to pull over and check out the view along this section. We round a corner and the calm waters of Louttit Bay come into view. The seaside town of Lorne is very pretty with its calm beach, coastal walk and pier. We are staying up at Pierview apartments near the hotel. We drag our bags up to our apartment and look out the window. Wow. What a view. This accommodation is a bit old and very basic but I got it for a great price. The view more than makes up for the lack of luxury (note: we enjoyed our stay here so much we came back and stayed here again the following year).
Its been a big day for Harry so we decide to grab some local whiting and chips and eat on our deck overlooking the bay. As day turns into night I can see the Split Point lighthouse in the distance and the lights come on on the pier. We enjoy an after dinner stroll along the waters edge and watch the fisherman hauling in their catches from the pier. To say I feel relaxed is an absolute understatement. This is exactly what I needed. Tomorrow the delights of Lorne await me.
120 kms SW of Melbourne.
I have to say you give me hope Jane that you managed to survive a challenging baby and toddler! As for you being an old fogey – hardly! Your state of mind and passion for bushwalking and adventure will keep you young 🙂 I do hope you can make it down to the Great Ocean Road one day its an amazing place. I am sorry but I plan on contributing to your wanderlust for this area in my next few posts which will all be about the Great Ocean Road.
Its funny, you visit our coastlines to get away and we visit yours. Actually we are in mt Martha but love Adelaide, in fact Katie, my fiance's mother is an Adelaidien – if there is such a word. Great people.
Yes its a great coastline as your pictures attest with a few nice wineries, i.e. Scotchmans Hill and a few other interesting ones on that side. Make sure you come down our coastline next time and check out a few vineyards in redhill. Not big wines and in fact they are going thru a boring low oak early picking lean style wine period. Hopefully they come to their senses quickly, as Redhill isn't the Malborough. Anyways thanks for the post.
Hi Adam, I live in a seaside town near the Qld/NSW border and we have lovely beaches here too, but not the amazing sea cliffs like down south. We actually did visit scotchmans Hill out on the Belarine on the way back to Melbourne at the end of that trip, was a nice winery.
"Have you ever, ever felt like this? Strange things happen when you're going 'round the twist".
But yes, I do remember the show. Not very well (I couldn't tell you any of the characters names), but I really enjoyed it at the time.
I had a similar sort of reconnection with the past when we went to TMAG (museum) in Hobart and I saw CC the Computer Cat from Hunter. I don't know if you ever watched that? It was something we watched at school in years 3 & 4. It was filmed in Hobart where TMAG currently is. I loved that show.
Nope – you were right.
I just realised my reply to your comment didnt get posted! I am glad that invoked the memory of a fantastic show for you 🙂 I actually went out and bought the boxed set of DVDs after visiting the lighthouse, and yes seasons 1 and 2 are as good as I remember. Its great to get transported back to your childhood self isnt it?
We recently drove the Great Ocean Road from Lorne back to Geelong just before New Year with our littlest child (who's 22 years old and unnecessarily tall, tends to grumble about small cars). The cliffs really are spectacular. We had it to ourselves in a beautiful sunset hour. Back in the day, I found travelling with little children a revelation because you absolutely HAVE to stop and appreciate things along the road while all the adults whizz past, seeing nothing.


text:
EASYTEQH
Home Tech The Best Microsoft Surface Pro Deals for October 2020
The Best Microsoft Surface Pro Deals for October 2020
Lucas Coll
For decades, Microsoft stood as a titan of the software industry. Yet, aside from its successful run with its Xbox gaming consoles, it didn't look like this iconic company had any interest in making computer hardware — until 2012, that is, when Microsoft finally unveiled the Surface devices, its first attempt to actually integrate the Windows operating system into its own computer.
The Microsoft Surface line now includes both Windows-powered tablets and laptops and has proven to be a runaway success, with the latest Microsoft Surface Pro 7 being our current favorite 2-in-1 laptop when married to a Type Cover keyboard. The Surface devices are also great standalone tablets if you're looking for a Windows alternative to the iPad, but no matter what you're after, these Microsoft Surface Pro deals are sure to have what you need:
Today's Best Microsoft Surface Deals
Microsoft Surface Pro 6 (Intel i5, 8GB RAM, 128GB eMMC, Amazon Renewed)
— $560, was $699
Surface Pro 7 With 12.3-inch Touch Screen With Black Type Cover
Microsoft Surface Pro 7 (Intel Core i5, 8GB RAM, 128GB) + Type Cover Keyboard
— $799, was $1,030
Microsoft Surface Pro X (Microsoft SQ1 CPU, 8GB RAM, 256GB) Wi-Fi + 4G LTE
Surface Laptop 3 (Core i5, 8GB RAM, 256GB) + Microsoft 365/Creator Pack Platinum
— $1,299, was $1,599
Microsoft Surface Laptop 3 (AMD Ryzen 5 CPU, 16GB RAM, 256GB SSD)
Microsoft Surface Laptop 2 Touchscreen (Core i7, 16GB RAM, 512GB SSD)
Dan Baker/Digital Trends
We chose the sixth-gen Microsoft Surface Pro as the best 2-in-1 that money can buy when it rolled out in October of last year, and although the newer Pro 7 and Pro X are a bit more fresh, the Surface Pro 6 is still a fantastic device in 2020. In fact, in the wake of the Pro 7 and Pro X releases, the Microsoft Surface Pro 6 is an incredible value now and could be considered the best 2-in-1 if your main priority is price-versus-performance.
Given that it's just over a year old, the Microsoft Surface Pro 6 is hardly what anyone would call dated: It packs eighth-generation Intel Core i5 and i7 processors, 8 or 16GB of RAM, and 128GB to 1TB of solid-state storage. The 12.3-inch PixelSense touchscreens are absolutely superb, and for a tablet-like 2-in-1, the Surface Pro 6 boasts excellent build quality for everyday use without worry. And, like other Surface Pro devices, you can easily pair it with a Type Cover keyboard to transform your Surface into a super-slim featherweight laptop.
This fall we saw the release of the updated seventh iteration of the Microsoft Surface Pro along with the innovative Surface Pro X. For this refresh, Microsoft continued its conservative approach and decided not to tinker too much with a winning formula. It was a good strategy: The Microsoft Surface Pro 7 has everything we love about the Pro 6 with some subtle improvements like a ninth-gen Ice Lake Intel Core CPU and the welcome addition of a high-speed USB-C port.
Along with those relatively minor (but very nice) upgrades, the Microsoft Surface Pro 7 still boasts that beautiful 3:2 PixelSense touchscreen and great build quality, and it also works beautifully with a Type Cover keyboard for pulling double duty as a 2-in-1 ultrabook laptop. One of our few gripes is that it still doesn't come bundled with that keyboard cover, but Surface Pro deals and ongoing New Year's sales should help to alleviate that.
Microsoft revealed two new Surface devices this year, launching the all-new Surface Pro X alongside the Surface Pro 7 refresh in late October and early November. The Pro 7 was just a small update of the mainline Surface Pro series, but the Microsoft Surface Pro X delivered the long-needed facelift that we've been waiting for: Most notably, Microsoft finally cut down those chunky bezels surrounding the display, which was one of our few persistent complaints with the regular Surface Pro models (including the newest Pro 7).
It's not quite as fast as the Surface Pro 7 in terms of specs, but the main trade-off here is that the Microsoft Surface Pro X is thinner and lighter. In fact, it's the slimmest Surface yet at just 0.2 inches, and those leaner bezels allow for more screen real estate with a larger 13-inch 1920p PixelSense touchscreen (for an extra 0.7 inches). The Surface Pro X is the complete package, but it's also the most expensive new member of the Surface family, so savvy shoppers would be wise to hunt around for the numerous deals during seasonal sale events.
Microsoft Surface Pro (5th Generation)
This Surface Pro represents the fifth generation of Microsoft's 2-in-1 and the oldest one that you can still easily find new, although it doesn't officially bear a numbered "Surface Pro 5" moniker. Our review team stated that the fifth-gen Microsoft Surface Pro was the best 2-in-1 available at the time of its release in 2017 (it has since been succeeded by the newer models, naturally), but if you want what might be the cheapest Surface Pro you can buy new in 2020, it's a great high-value pick.
Like the newer Pro devices, the 2017 Microsoft Surface Pro comes with a fantastic 12.3-inch touchscreen display, sturdy construction quality, and generous all-day battery life. It also syncs wonderfully with the Type Cover keyboard, although you're still going to have to buy that add-on separately. The Surface Pro 6 may still be our top pick for someone looking for an older model, but deals on "new old stock" units make the fifth-generation Surface Pro worth it for shoppers on a tighter budget.
Rich Shibley/Digital Trends
If we've whetted your appetite for these 2-in-1s but, for various reasons, you don't want to dump a huge wad of cash for one of the Surface Pro models, then the Microsoft Surface Go is definitely worth a look. The 10-inch Surface Go is a more budget-minded alternative to the high-end Surface Pro lineup, packing a smaller display, simpler hardware, and Windows 10S (a pared-down version of the Windows 10 OS). We're not going to claim it's the best Surface that money can buy — it's not — but for around 400 bucks, it's very, very hard to look this cheap gift horse in the mouth.
The Surface Go is a great option for anyone looking for something a bit smaller than a Surface Pro or for shoppers who want something affordable (be it as a secondary 2-in-1 for travel or a device for basic web browsing and streaming), and the above Microsoft Surface deals make it even sweeter. Microsoft recently released the second-gen Surface Go, and while our review team felt that it's a bit too pricey at the moment, it's another option to consider if you want some hardware upgrades and can find a good deal.
Looking for more great stuff? Find tech deals, fall sales, and much more on our curated deals page.
Previous articleProtesters dead after violent clashes with government forces in Nigeria
Next articleYale may have just turned institutional investing on its head with a new diversity edict – TechCrunch
Nissan has a cool idea to make remote working truly remote
Help Save the Children
Democrats who opposed waiver letting Mattis serve as defense secretary now...
Moment furious dad attacks 'paedo who raped his daughter, 14,' after...
SPAC Churchill Capital declines comment on whether it is pursuing specific...
POET Technologies Opens Product Design and Development Center in Shenzhen, China...
Easyteqh is your tech news website. We provide you with the latest breaking news and videos straight from the tech industry.
Contact us: info@easyteqh.com
Featured Product: Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon 7th Gen
Winnebago Revel Review
Featured Video: Winnebago 4×4 Revel
fnc749
Fox News619
© Copyright 2020 - easyteqh.com


text:
Home › Gaming › Sniper Elite 4 delayed to February 2017
Sniper Elite 4 delayed to February 2017
Unfortunate news for all those fans who've been waiting for the next installment of Sniper Elite: the game's developer, Rebellion, has confirmed that it is delaying its release. Originally announced for a late 2016 release, the popular WWII series will now arrive on February 14, 2017 for Windows PC, Xbox One and PlayStation 4.
Brothers Jason and Chris Kingsley, who co-founded Rebellion, talked about their reasoning behind the game's delay in an official blog post:
"When we sat down recently to decide a launch date, we had a decision to make," the Kingsleys said in a statement. "Do we stick to 2016 as planned many moons ago, or do we give the team just a little more time to help them deliver beyond the promise that the game has already shown?"
At the end of the day, the game needed more polish and instead of rushing the release and risking its performance and subsequent reception, they've decided to delay it. This is perfectly reasonable because as much as people want the game to be released sooner, they'd rather wait longer for a more stable version
Sniper Elite 4 will continue the story of the American OSS agent Karl Fairburne during World Ware II. This time, our hero will be in 1944 Italy on a mission preceding the Allied intervention in Europe. Just like the previous title, Sniper Elite 4 will feature a single-player, as well as co-op and competitive multiplayer modes.
In case you haven't seen Sniper Elite 4 in action yet, check out the gameplay video showcased at last week's E3 conference in Los Angeles:
Newest details on Halo 5: Guardians "Warzone Firefight" reveal intriguing multiplayer features
Tour de France 2016 now available on Xbox One, conquer that yellow jersey!
Limbo is now free on Xbox One for limited time, grab it now!
Overwatch reaches 10 million players in less than a month
Bulletstorm Remastered possibly coming to Xbox One, revealed in an unusual way


These serving utensils are handcrafted and carved from a single piece of durable recylced Mediterranean Olive Wood. Each serving set is completely unique with its own natural patterns.
As these are handmade, natural wooden serving sets size stated are approximate.


text:
Home/FAQ/why did big business emerge during the industrial revolution?
why did big business emerge during the industrial revolution?
admin Send an email 3 weeks ago
You are watching: why did big business emerge during the industrial revolution? In Lisbdnet.com
1 Why Did Big Business Emerge During The Industrial Revolution??
2 How did big business promote industrial growth?
3 How did big business change at the end of the nineteenth century?
4 Why was the Industrial Revolution such a big deal quizlet?
5 What major effects of new technology and transportation on industry during the Industrial Revolution?
6 Why did big business emerge during the Industrial Revolution and how did it affect free enterprise?
7 What was the rise of big business?
8 When did the rise of big business began?
9 Why did forming corporations allow big businesses to increase in power and profitability?
10 Why were big business able to thrive during the late 1800's?
11 How did the Industrial Revolution affect society?
12 How important do you think the Industrial Revolution was to Britain?
13 What did industrialization mean for the consumer?
14 What are two major effects of new technology on business during the Industrial Revolution?
15 How did the technological revolution transform business?
16 How did technology impact the Industrial Revolution?
17 Why did big business grow rapidly during the Gilded Age?
18 How did entrepreneurship and free enterprise play a role in the development of big businesses during the Gilded Age?
19 How did big business affect the economy in the late 1800s?
20 What does big business mean in history?
21 How did big business affect workers?
22 How and why did big businesses and corporations come into existence in the US?
23 What impact did the rise of business and industry have on labor?
24 What was one reason big business was opposed to the growth of labor unions?
25 How did big business impact the economy?
26 How did the rise of big business affect consumers in the United States?
27 Why is big business good?
28 How did big business dominate the Gilded Age?
29 What explains the rise of big business in the late nineteenth century quizlet?
30 How did big business affect the Gilded Age?
31 How did business leaders in the late 19th century utilize vertical integration?
32 How did industrialization affect business owners?
33 What changes did industrialization bring about for large landowners and aristocrats?
34 Was the Industrial Revolution worth the social cost?
35 The Industrial Revolution (18-19th Century)
36 The Industrial Economy: Crash Course US History #23
37 Effects of the Industrial revolution
38 Who were the Richest Tycoons in America?
Why Did Big Business Emerge During The Industrial Revolution??
Why did big business emerge during the Industrial Revolution? New technologies required the investment of more money; big, powerful corporations allowed people to invest in business. the belief that one racial group is superior to another.
How did big business promote industrial growth?
Science, technology, and big business promoted industrial growth because the each allowed industries to increase their efficiency and production. It became easier to do mass productions of an item. This caused industrialization to spread. … many investors bought stock, so businesses formed corporations.
How did big business change at the end of the nineteenth century?
How did big business change at the end of the nineteenth century? Big business changed at the end of the nineteenth century because of the industrial revolution. The industrial revolution made it easier for business to make their products. … They opposed workers of a particular industry forming a union.
Why was the Industrial Revolution such a big deal quizlet?
Terms in this set (25) Why was the Industrial Revolution such a big deal? … It was the introduction of machine manufacturing and industry and transformed the world from one based on agrarian/handicraft economies to one based on industrial production in factories.
What major effects of new technology and transportation on industry during the Industrial Revolution?
Identify the major effects of new technology and transportation on industry during the Industrial Revolution. Factories started to run on electricity instead of steam engines. The invention of light bulbs also meant manufacturing could be done at night. Railroads became a more dominant transportation method.
Why did big business emerge during the Industrial Revolution and how did it affect free enterprise?
Why did big business emerge during the Industrial Revolution? New technologies required the investment of more money; big, powerful corporations allowed people to invest in business.
What was the rise of big business?
Big business grew in the late nineteenth century when new sources of power such as the steam engine, coal, and electricity drove the machines in larger factories that organized production under one roof. Companies could now mass produce standardized goods faster and more efficiently.
When did the rise of big business began?
The late nineteenth century saw the rise of "big business" in important areas of economic activity. ("Big" is never defined precisely, but the quantitative term is popularly used to connote something important.) Big business firms were institutions that used management to control economic activity.
See also give one example of how natural selection can change the distribution of a trait
Why did forming corporations allow big businesses to increase in power and profitability?
Why did forming corporations allow big business to increase in power and profitability? Corporations allowed many investors to combine their funds to create huge businesses that could buy raw materials in bulk, access large markets, fund new technology, advertise widely, and operate in different regions.
Why were big business able to thrive during the late 1800's?
Why were big businesses able to thrive during the late 1800s? there was free enterprise, individuals and private businesses ran most industries. What were the effects of laissez-faire capitalism?
How did the Industrial Revolution affect society?
The Industrial Revolution brought rapid urbanization or the movement of people to cities. Changes in farming, soaring population growth, and an ever-increasing demand for workers led masses of people to migrate from farms to cities.
How important do you think the Industrial Revolution was to Britain?
Success in international trade created Britain's high wage, cheap energy economy, and it was the spring board for the Industrial Revolution. High wages and cheap energy created a demand for technology that substituted capital and energy for labour. These incentives operated in many industries.
What did industrialization mean for the consumer?
Factually speaking, the Industrial Revolution transformed the process by which consumers' needs were met in the marketplace. The consumer was able to experience the power of mass production, a setting in which commodities were produced and delivered with speed and efficiency.
What are two major effects of new technology on business during the Industrial Revolution?
Identify two major effects of new technology on business during the Industrial Revolution. Production became faster and less expensive. Workers made more money and worked fewer hours.
How did the technological revolution transform business?
A technological revolution generally increases productivity and efficiency. … The strong interconnectedness and interdependence of the participating systems in their technologies and markets. 2. The capacity to transform profoundly the rest of the economy (and eventually society).
How did technology impact the Industrial Revolution?
The technological changes included the following: (1) the use of new basic materials, chiefly iron and steel, (2) the use of new energy sources, including both fuels and motive power, such as coal, the steam engine, electricity, petroleum, and the internal-combustion engine, (3) the invention of new machines, such as …
Why did big business grow rapidly during the Gilded Age?
Railroads were the major growth industry, with the factory system, mining, and finance increasing in importance. Immigration from Europe, and the eastern states, led to the rapid growth of the West, based on farming, ranching, and mining.
How did entrepreneurship and free enterprise play a role in the development of big businesses during the Gilded Age?
This freedom allowed entrepreneurs to grow their businesses and innovate. They had large profits as their incentive. Positive title for the large industrialists. This was because they made products cheaper, faster, and innovated to grow our economy to levels unheard of before their arrival.
How did big business affect the economy in the late 1800s?
How did big businesses shape the American economy in the late 1800's and early 1900's? They used railroads to transport their goods and expand their businesses across the country, which helped increase their profit, therefore making America one of the most economically powerful countries in the world.
What does big business mean in history?
BUSINESS, BIG. BUSINESS, BIG. When used in the context of American economic development, the term "big business" refers to the concentration of industrial and financial power that began in the second half of the nineteenth century and continued through the end of the twentieth.
How did big business affect workers?
How did big business change the workplace and give rise to labor unions? … (Lesson focus: Big business, motivated by profits, cut costs to eliminate competition. As a result, pay and working conditions deteri- orated. Workers formed unions to oppose harsh working conditions, increase wages, and shorten workdays.)
How and why did big businesses and corporations come into existence in the US?
The Rise of Big Business and corporations led to social unrest including riots and strikes and the rise of labor Unions. … The Rise of Big Business and the establishment of corporations emerged during the period of intense economic and industrial growth during the US Industrial Revolution.
What impact did the rise of business and industry have on labor?
Industrialization, along with great strides in transportation, drove the growth of U.S. cities and a rapidly expanding market economy. It also shaped the development of a large working class in U.S. society, leading eventually to labor struggles and strikes led by working men and women.
What was one reason big business was opposed to the growth of labor unions?
Most employers were very hostile toward workers' efforts to organize. Most factory workers were satisfied with their wages and working conditions. The Federal Government declared that unions were illegal. Workers preferred to negotiate with factory owners as individuals rather than as members of a group.
How did big business impact the economy?
Big business al specifically increased the production of energy. Mass production also led to an increase in the amount of wealth in the United States. Industrial exports, especially steel, sharply increased because of the mass production of products by massive corporations like US Steel and Ford Automobiles.
How did the rise of big business affect consumers in the United States?
How did the rise of big business affect consumers in the United States? The rise of big business reduced the number of small businesses for consumers to choose from. Consumers now had to pay a set price for each thing they purchased. Consumers also had to buy whatever quality of goods were being sold.
Why is big business good?
The advantage that large firms have is that typically, they are more established and have greater access to funding. They also enjoy more repeat business, which generates higher sales and larger profits than smaller scale companies.
How did big business dominate the Gilded Age?
Railroad tycoons were just one of many types of so-called robber barons that emerged in the Gilded Age. … They soon accumulated vast amounts of money and dominated every major industry including the railroad, oil, banking, timber, sugar, liquor, meatpacking, steel, mining, tobacco and textile industries.
See also what process is being shown by water being given off from each bond site
What explains the rise of big business in the late nineteenth century quizlet?
What explains the rise of big business in the late nineteenth century? Business leaders sped the transformation of America from rural to urban. The federal government created new agencies to forward technology development. The transcontinental railroad caused the main force of economic growth.
How did big business affect the Gilded Age?
During the Gilded Age, the economic disparities between the workers and big business owners grew exponentially. Workers continued to endure low wages and dangerous working conditions in order to make a living. Big business owners, however, enjoyed lavish lifestyles.
How did business leaders in the late 19th century utilize vertical integration?
How did business leaders in the late nineteenth century utilize vertical integration? They maintained control of production and distribution of their products. … His invention helped make communication between households and businesses more efficient.
How did industrialization affect business owners?
The consolidation of work and profit became one of the primary ways in which people and business were impacted through the Industrial Revolution. Factories helped to consolidate workforces and the development of products. The consolidation of profit happened when more products could be created for greater profit.
What changes did industrialization bring about for large landowners and aristocrats?
What changes did industrialization bring to large landowners and aristocrats? This class lost some status, power, and respect but continued to look down on those who gained wealth in business. What were the long term consequences of the industrial revolution for the environment?
Was the Industrial Revolution worth the social cost?
The results of the Industrial Revolution were worth the human cost because although the workers were treated unfairly and harshly, the Industrial Revolution lead to new technologies and medicines that made the world the way it is today.
The Industrial Revolution (18-19th Century)
The Industrial Economy: Crash Course US History #23
Effects of the Industrial revolution
Who were the Richest Tycoons in America?
identify two major effects of new technology on business during the industrial revolution.
what might explain the rise of global inequality during the industrial revolution
how did the industrial revolution influence the class structure of western europe
how did big business affect the economy in the late 1800s
the rise of big business u.s. history
what factors led to the rise of big business in the united states
big business in america during the 19th century
rise of big business in america pdf
how many hours is one day on mars
when economists describe "a market," they mean:


Sumptuous rugs in a range of shapes, sizes and colours. Rugs are a gorgeous addition to any room with the ability to transform the entire look.
Get inspired with our different types of rugs.
Interior design guru and Carpet Court ambassador Darren Palmer recommends adding rugs to your space for a variety of reasons. As an interior design element, they add softness, colour and texture to your décor and are the easiest, most affordable way to instantly update a room with the latest on-trend looks. Rugs also help define and zone a space - which is a big plus in homes that are open plan – by providing a unifying base to ground furniture and give a room foundation.
Rugs are also the perfect interior design choice if you're renting, as they allow you to stamp your own style on a home.
Do rugs suit any type of flooring?
Absolutely. Rugs are incredibly versatile and look just as beautiful on a timber floor as they do on concrete or tiles. In fact, rugs are a great way to keep your floors looking as good as new by protecting them from damage such as scratches. They also help to absorb and reduce noises such as the sound and vibration of footsteps, which is ideal if you're in a two-storey home or a unit.
What sort of rug should I choose?
Think about who will be living in the space, how robust do the areas need to be to withstand foot traffic and moving of furniture? Also, if your family suffers from allergies, you should look towards a non-shedding option.
Alfresco rugs are a brilliant way to brighten up your outdoor space and add a feeling of warmth and texture to your deck. Carpet Court offers an extensive range of alfresco rugs made from highly durable polypropylene. Specifically designed for alfresco areas, these rugs are UV stable, which means they won't fade in the sun. And they're incredibly easy to clean; just hose them down and let them dry in the sun.
What sort of rug will suit a kid's room?
Carpet Court has a huge range of rugs specially designed for kid's rooms. They provide a soft, comfy place to play, help protect your floor and are tough enough to withstand even the most boisterous activities. Designed in Australia and made from 100% Japanese Acrylic Pile, these durable rugs feature a super soft plush pile in bright colours kids will love.
Why should I buy my rugs from Carpet Court?
Carpet Court makes it easy for you to buy your new rugs online. Simply browse our huge range, choose your colour and size and your new rug will be available to collect from your nominated store.
What if I change my mind after buying my rug?
No problem. If you've changed your mind or are not 100% happy with your online rug purchase, you can return it to us within 5 days of purchase. As long as it is still in new condition, in the original packaging and you can include proof of purchase, Carpet Court will provide a refund or exchange to the value of the purchase price. Please note that return shipping fees will apply.


Elaboration: Made with Syrah wine from the Empordà. Traditional method. Aged for four months in American oak barrels.
Tasting note: Dark colour. Limpid aroma and taste. Balsamic, mildly acetic. Ideal for all sorts of salads, it brings out the flavour of meats and is perfect for preparing cold sauces and vinaigrettes.


BY S.M. ZAKIR HUSSAIN This book is a unique collection of articles on the nature of the human mind, happiness, meditation, knowledge therapy, spiritual therapy, creativity and such other topics. Written by S. M. Zakir Hussain, one of the most influential writers of Bangladesh, these articles open a new horizon to the mystery of the human mind and psychic powers. Most of the articles are life-transforming and uniquely inspiring. Readers of all ages and religious backgrounds will find it interesting. The author has established from many points of view that life can only be transformed by observing the self. The book contains articles that can even cure some psychic diseases instantly, as the author has reported after applying them on people with emotional disorder. It is a must read for any ambitious person.


text:
>More on the Virginia Festival of the Book
by Cliff	| Posted on March 20, 2005
>Although the New Stories from the South panel was excellent, it was tucked into a corner of the Barnes & Noble and so it could have been almost anywhere. (The matrons sitting behind me making fun of the Eastern Religion section we were seated next to, including the Pankaj Mishra book that I had just purchased and had in my lap, made it appropriately narrow-minded, though, so I knew where I was.)
The Short Story panel, though, was at New Dominion Books on Charlottesville's Downtown Mall, a lively walking street that is a great place to spend time. ND Books is the quintessential independent bookseller–floor-to-ceiling shelves crammed with important titles, whether or not they're bestsellers, and knowledgeable staff who are able to make recommendations if called upon. They have a cramped little balcony for readings and it was already packed–much like the shelves on the main level–when I got there.
It was good to see my friend Quinn Dalton. She read a short piece from the story "Dough" from her new collection, Bulletproof Girl, which has blurbs from Margot Livesey and Julianna Baggott. When we later discussed linkages and themes in SSCs, she said that she didn't have a link, initially, but realized that all the stories were about women, most of them strong, yet vulnerable. Hence the title, which expresses both aspects. We also talked a little about backgrounds. Quinn said that she has an MFA and had good teachers, but thought her work experience in sales and PR was a big help in writing stories that persuade the reader to keep reading. Quinn's a sweetheart and everyone should by her books (including her novel, High strung).
I had not heard of the other two readers, Alix Strauss and Lorraine Lopez. Strauss is from New York, wanted to be an actress at one point, and made her transition to fiction by writing a play. She had the unusual experience of writing a few of the stories and then realizing that there was a common thread, and selling the book on the basis of an outline, even though the stories weren't all written yet. Her book, The Joy of Funerals, is a "novel in stories" that contains 8 short stories and one novella that ties everything together. Her website: Joy of Funerals. It sounded to me as though Strauss was pretty smart about the marketing of her book–you can also see that from her website–and told me that when the book first came out she had her publishing party in a funeral home.
Lopez was somewhat quieter and more academic than the other two, but had good things to say about studying craft and teaching craft, and being grateful for being in a profession that gives her the time to write. She has a PhD in Creative Writing and teaches at Vanderbilt. Her book, Soy la Avon Lady, won the 2002 Marmol Prize, which I gather from the acknowledgments was judged by Sandra Cisneros.
There was supposed to be a fourth member of the panel, Brad Barkley, whose Alison's Automotive Repair Manual I gread last year with delight–he's a very funny writer. His collection, Another Perfect Catastrophe has just come out, but, alas, Brad wasn't able to come after all. Maybe next year.
>ABC Showcase
>NBCC Recommended Reading List
>Help Small Magazines
>Thanks for this, Cliff. Very interesting.
>Cliff,
Hi, I'm Jeff Landon, and I was HERE, at this panel! I agree with everything you said. I think I enjoyed Lorraine Lopez's reading the most, but I will be there, with money, for Quinn Dalton's collection.
Clifford Garstang says:
>Hey, Jeff! Where in the room or on the stairs were you? Good thing I didn't make stuff up . . .


What is a CSI or C/SI and what is a PSO?
The acronym C/SI stands for consumer/survivor initiative, as loosely defined by the Ministry of Health when these organizations were originally funded. Over time, the governance of these groups has changed – some remain completely independent and consumer-run, with their own reporting relationships with their funding LHINs. Others have been absorbed by and become peer support programs within mainstream mental health service provider agencies, with varied levels of autonomy and peer control. The term C/SI is applicable to all of these, while Peer Support Organization or PSO indicates governance solely by and for people who have lived experience. These organizations operate on the principles of recovery by providing self-help and peer support, and some of them operate businesses using the community economic development model.
Why do you use the term "consumer/survivor"? Is there better language to describe people with mental illness?
Language is tricky and can be very fluid, especially in the mental health field where terminology can become "labels" and labels are subject to misinterpretations.
The term "consumer/survivor" was coined decades ago by people with mental health issues to describe their own sector. The term has fallen out of favour recently, probably because it has always held somewhat different meanings for different people. To some "consumer" means "customer" and expresses the wish to be viewed and served by the mental health system as such. To others, it suggests a smart shopper who can choose the services they want; while this is likely what everyone would want, it is a privilege few enjoy. To still others, "consumer" suggests a negative notion of "always taking in and giving nothing back".
Similarly, the word "survivor" can be loaded in this context. To some it may mean they have survived the illness. Many use it to indicate they have survived some of the oppressive aspects of the mental health system, or of a society that is hostile or unsupportive toward people with mental illness.
We use the term Consumer/Survivor Initiative simply because this is how the Ministry of Health and LongTerm Care categorizes these organizations within the list of functional centres that it funds. OPDI members can be classified as CSI's whether they are independent organizations or peer support functional centres within a mental health treatment setting. We still sometimes use the words "consumer" or "survivor" depending on the context of the conversation or our knowledge of how individuals we interact with like to describe themselves.
Lately the term "Persons With Lived Experience" has gained preference, and is often shortened to PWLE in documents. When OPDI uses the term PWLE, we are referring those with direct and personal lived experience of having a mental health issue, whether diagnosed formally or not.
In some places, PWLE are described as "Users" – while this is meant to denote "users of the service" it has other connotations that some may find objectionable. In some contexts, such as program delivery or activity planning, and in completely peer-run settings, the term "participants" is most appropriate. For service providers, the term "client" is common, although it is less appropriate for a peer supporter to use that term. It is never appropriate for a peer supporter (or anyone who is not a clinician) to call anyone a "patient".
In all cases, it is important to recognize that everyone has the right to self-label. Therefore, we should make the effort to ascertain and use whatever "label" or term is preferred by the individual we are working with.
Peer Support is a naturally occurring, mutually beneficial support process, where people who share a common experience meet as equals, sharing skills, strengths and hope; learning from each other how to cope, thrive and flourish.
Formalized Peer Support begins when persons with lived experience who have received specialized training, assume unique, designated roles within the mental health system, to support an individual's expressed wishes.
Specialized Peer Support training is Peer developed, delivered and endorsed by Consumer/Survivor Initiatives*, Peer Support Organizations* and Patient Councils, and is rooted in principles of recovery, hope and individual empowerment.
* Consumer Survivor Initiatives and Peer Support Organizations are community-based, self-help organizations run by and for consumer/survivors.
Please Note: The above definition of peer support was developed through the focus group/workshop/piloting process of creating the OPDI Peer Support Core Essentials™ Program. A draft definition was workshopped with our members in 2010, further refined by a member working group, then adopted by electronic vote of the membership. We welcome and encourage you to use or reference this definition or provide links to this page, providing that OPDI is credited and the definition is provided unedited and in its entirety. This definition should not be co-opted by shortening it or changing its language.


before leaving, I can't seem to pay the bill by transfer. And you don't have a new address for sending me the bill ( I think). How can I pay the bill. Perhaps send me an address to send the bill? I'd rather transfer between my current checking account and TD credit card, but I don't see a way to do that. You Payment Transaction form doesn't seem to fit what I need. Please help. thanks.
Hello Dorinne, great having you here at TD Helps. We'd be happy to help! The address to mail in payments for your personal TD Bank Visa Credit Card account would be the following: TD Card Services PO Box 16027 Lewiston, ME 04243-9513 Please note, mailed in payments may take 7-10 business days to be received and processed. Additionally, we'd like to share with you the option of making payments online by using the TD Credit Card website at www.tdcardservices.com. Your payments can come from any account with any Financial Institution. If you have not enrolled your account, you can do so by selecting the "Set up your account now" link located on the right side of the page under "Need to enroll your Account?" or, you may click here to take you directly to the enrollment page: http://bit.ly/1mZCFef. There are three steps, and you will need your card number handy for the enrollment process. Once you've successfully enrolled your account, you can make payments from the comfort of your own home! Please note, payments made via Online may take 2-3 businesses days for processing. If you have any additional questions in regards to making TD Visa Credit Card payments, please feel free to reach out to our TD Card Services Specialists 24/7 at 888-561-8861. We hope this helps and let us know if you have any other questions.


Calling all golfers. Here's your chance to join Q98.5 and be a part of the World's Largest Golf Outing at Forest Hills Country Club August 3, 2015. It's open to the public and will benefit the Wounded Warrior Project. Here's how you can help our wounded American heroes.
The Wounded Warrior Project has been created to raise awareness and enlist the public's aid for the needs of injured service members. It also helps injured service members with aid, assistance and programs to ensure the best quality of life possible for a wounded hero.
The Worlds Largest Gold Outing will be at Forest Hills Country Club with Q98.5 on Monday, August 3, 2015. This day of fun playing golf with family, friends and co-workers is an 18 hole four person team scramble format.
The registration fee includes a $10 per player donation to WWP, green fee, shared cart, warm up bucket, lunch, a World's Largest Golf Outing tote, hat, towel, golf ball and divot tool, Plus local prizes and awards following the day of fun.
You can register as a single, twosome, or foursome. Registration starts at 11:30 a.m. and the Shotgun Start is at 1:00 p.m. with Q98.5.
Sign up here. Call Forest Hills Country Club at 815-877-5733 for more information.
Thank you for helping our Wounded Warriors in advance.


text:
<?php

namespace Lib\Event;

use Exception\Event\EventException;

/**
 * Class Eventable
 *
 * This trait allows to realise
 * observer pattern
 *
 * @package Hatch\Core\Event
 */
trait Eventable
{
    /**
     * events
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $events = array();

    /**
     * @param                       $eventName
     * @param EventHandlerContainer $eventHandler
     *
     * @throws EventException
     */
    public function attach(
        $eventName,
        EventHandlerContainer $eventHandler
    )
    {
        if ($this->hasEvent($eventName) !== true) {
            throw new EventException('Trying attach to unexisting event');
        }

        array_push($this->events[$eventName], $eventHandler);
    }

    /**
     * @param EventHandlerContainer $eventHandler
     */
    public function attachToAll(EventHandlerContainer $eventHandler)
    {
        foreach ($this->events as $key => $event) {
            array_push($this->events[$key], $eventHandler);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param                       $eventName
     * @param EventHandlerContainer $eventHandler
     *
     * @throws EventException
     */
    public function detach(
        $eventName,
        EventHandlerContainer $eventHandler
    )
    {
        if ($this->hasEvent($eventName) !== true) {
            throw new EventException('Trying detach to unexisting event');
        }

        $key = array_search($eventHandler, $this->events[$eventName]);
        if ($key === false) {
            throw new EventException(
                'event handler doesn\'t exist for detaching'
            );
        }

        unset($this->events[$eventName][$key]);
    }

    /**
     * @param           $sender
     * @param           $eventName
     * @param EventArgs $eventArgs
     *
     * @throws EventException
     */
    public function callEvent($sender, $eventName, EventArgs $eventArgs)
    {
        if ($this->hasEvent($eventName) !== true) {
            throw new EventException('Trying to call unexising event');
        }

        /** @var EventHandlerContainer $eventHandler */
        foreach ($this->events[$eventName] as $eventHandler) {
            if ($eventHandler->exists() !== true) {
                throw new EventException('Calling unexisting method');
            }

            $eventHandler->call($sender, $eventArgs);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param $eventName
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function hasEvent($eventName)
    {
        return isset($this->events[$eventName]);
    }

    /**
     * @param $eventName
     *
     * @throws EventException
     */
    protected function registerEvent($eventName)
    {
        if ($this->hasEvent($eventName)) {
            throw new EventException('Event already exists');
        }

        $this->events[$eventName] = array();
    }

    /**
     * @param array $eventNames
     */
    protected function registerEventRange(array $eventNames)
    {
        foreach ($eventNames as $eventName) {
            $this->registerEvent($eventName);
        }
    }

    protected function emitEvent($eventName, $eventMessage, $eventData)
    {
        $eventArgs = new EventArgs($eventMessage, $eventData);
        $this->callEvent($this, $eventName, $eventArgs);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
In mathematics, a Brauer algebra is an associative algebra introduced by Richard Brauer in the context of the representation theory of the orthogonal group. It plays the same role that the symmetric group does for the representation theory of the general linear group in Schur–Weyl duality.

Structure

The Brauer algebra  is a -algebra depending on the choice of a positive integer . Here  is an indeterminate, but in practice  is often specialised to the dimension of the fundamental representation of an orthogonal group . The Brauer algebra has the dimension

Diagrammatic definition

A basis of  consists of all pairings on a set of  elements  (that is, all perfect matchings of a complete graph : any two of the  elements may be matched to each other, regardless of their symbols). The elements  are usually written in a row, with the elements  beneath them.

The product of two basis elements  and  is obtained by concatenation: first identifying the endpoints in the bottom row of   and the top row of  (Figure AB  in the diagram), then deleting the endpoints in the middle row and joining endpoints in the remaining two rows if they are joined, directly or by a path, in AB  (Figure  AB=nn in the diagram). Thereby all closed loops in the middle of AB are removed. The product  of the basis elements is then defined to be the basis element corresponding to the new pairing multiplied by  where  is the number of deleted loops. In the example .

Generators and relations

 can also be defined as the -algebra with generators  satisfying the following relations:

 Relations of the symmetric group:

 whenever

 Almost-idempotent relation:

 Commutation:

whenever
 Tangle relations

 Untwisting:
:

In this presentation  represents the diagram in which  is always connected to  directly beneath it except for  and  which are connected to  and  respectively. Similarly  represents the diagram in which  is always connected to  directly beneath it except for  being connected to  and  to .

Basic properties

The Brauer algebra is a subalgebra of the partition algebra.

The Brauer algebra  is semisimple if .

The subalgebra of  generated by the generators  is the group algebra of the symmetric group .

The subalgebra of  generated by the generators  is the Temperley-Lieb algebra .

The Brauer algebra is a cellular algebra.

For a pairing  let  be the number of closed loops formed by identifying  with  for any : then the Jones trace  obeys  i.e. it is indeed a trace.

Representations

Brauer-Specht modules

Brauer-Specht modules are finite-dimensional modules of the Brauer algebra.
If  is such that  is semisimple,
they form a complete set of simple modules of . These modules are parametrized by partitions, because they are built from the Specht modules of the symmetric group, which are themselves parametrized by partitions.

For  with , let  be the set of perfect matchings of  elements , such that  is matched with one of the  elements . For any ring , the space  is a left -module, where basis elements of  act by graph concatenation. (This action can produce matchings that violate the restriction that  cannot match with one another: such graphs must be modded out.) Moreover, the space  is a right -module.

Given a Specht module  of , where  is a partition of  (i.e. ), the corresponding Brauer-Specht module of  is

A basis of this module is the set of elements , where  is such that the  lines that end on elements  do not cross, and  belongs to a basis of . The dimension is

i.e. the product of a binomial coefficient, a double factorial, and the dimension of the corresponding Specht module, which is given by the hook length formula.

Schur-Weyl duality

Let  be a euclidean vector space of dimension , and  the corresponding orthogonal group. Then write  for the specialisation  where  acts on  by multiplication with . The tensor power  is naturally a -module:  acts by switching the th and th tensor factor and  acts by contraction followed by expansion in the th and th tensor factor, i.e.  acts as

where  is any orthonormal basis of . (The sum is in fact independent of the choice of this basis.)

This action is useful in a generalisation of the Schur-Weyl duality: if , the image of  inside  is the centraliser of  inside , and conversely the image of  is the centraliser of . The tensor power  is therefore both an - and a -module and satisfies

where  runs over a subset of the partitions such that  and ,
 is an irreducible -module, and  is a Brauer-Specht module of
.

It follows that the Brauer algebra has a natural action on the space of polynomials on , which commutes with the action of the orthogonal group.

If  is a negative even integer, the Brauer algebra is related by Schur-Weyl duality to the symplectic group , rather than the orthogonal group.

Walled Brauer algebra

The walled Brauer algebra  is a subalgebra of . Diagrammatically, it consists of diagrams where the only allowed pairings are of the types , , , . This amounts to having a wall that separates  from , and requiring that  pairings cross the wall while  pairings don't.

The walled Brauer algebra is generated by . These generators obey the basic relations of  that involve them, plus the two relations

(In , these two relations follow from the basic relations.)

For  a natural integer, let  be the natural representation of the general linear group .
The walled Brauer algebra  has a natural action on , which is related by Schur-Weyl duality to the action of .

See also
Birman–Wenzl algebra, a deformation of the Brauer algebra.

References

Representation theory
Diagram algebras


Hello! We are Las Chicas Poderosas, a robotics team of four girls currently enrolled in an engineering class at FAU. We are duel-enrolled; high school students participating in college courses. Our team consists of Sophia Mariano, Natasha Atencio, Karam Atli and Andrea Padron. We're being taught by Dr. Ravi Shankar and Mr. Joseph Gundel, Dr. Shankar's student assistant. Hope you enjoy!


Positive Cashflow Finance was established almost 10 years ago. Over the years we have expanded our standard offering of invoice finance facilities of up to £1m to include the Positive Plus advance, which has enabled us to leverage additional funding over and above the client's invoice finance facility when growth opportunities arise, or equally importantly, when times are hard.
It's easy to lend money when all is well – the acid test for any funder, though, is how they handle the difficult situations. Our four founding directors have over 100 years of industry experience and those skills are evident when we are structuring these types of deals.
One of the larger deals we approved last year was to support a second generation family business that manufactured office furniture. The broker-led introduction came to us after the client had been advised by their bank that, following a poor year's trading, they were planning to withdraw the £250,000 overdraft facility – this despite a longstanding relationship spanning over 20 years.
The same bank had also been providing an £800,000 confidential invoice discounting (CID) facility for over eight years – but while this ran well, the family had understandably become nervous following the bank's unexpected decision to withdraw the overdraft.
Recognising that it was a longstanding and fundamentally sound business, we agreed an £800,000 CID facility to replace the existing bank line and also injected a £300,000 Positive Plus advance, secured on the company premises, which were valued at £500,000. This replaced the bank overdraft and provided a further £50,000 to ease cash flow and create headroom.
The Positive Plus advance was agreed on an open-ended term, whereby the company only had to cover interest and a monthly fee for the first 12 months, at which point we agreed to sit down and review the position. Capital repayments from cash flow or the option to take out a long-term mortgage on the property would be a simpler proposition once profitability was restored. This approach helped relieve the immediate monthly cash pressure and enable the directors to spend more time concentrating on the turnaround programme.
By establishing a sound understanding of how a business operates – warts and all – and equally importantly, the skills and experience of the people running the company, there are plenty of opportunities to support businesses in good times and bad.


Russia could use the period of 'pre-election turbulence' for the destabilization of the situation in Ukraine. Viktor Muzhenko, the Chief of General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces said this during the meeting with military and diplomatic corps, as quoted by RBC-Ukraine news agency.
'The period of the so-called pre-election turbulence, which our country undergoes now, is used by Russia... to conduct a number of special operations so as to undermine Ukraine's defense potential. We have been witnessing considerable hostile activity in the media environment, where the adversary tries to affect the staff by means of informational and psychological operations', Muzhenko said.
According to him, the law enforcers are now paying efforts to exclude any scenario where the Russian aggression would prevail.
'We also do not rule out separate acts of the direct impact such as sabotage acts near the frontline and even in the deep rear. We are taking respective measures to avoid such scenarios; at the same time, we hope for the professionalism of domestic special services, the National Police, as well as patriotism and vigilance of our citizens', he said.
The presidential campaign in Ukraine began on December 31, 2018. The election day is slated for March 31. If necessary, a second round will be held in April.