text:
Question: What Was Physical Fitness Called In The 1920's?
1 How did people exercise in the 20s?
2 What is physical fitness known as?
3 When did physical fitness start?
4 Who invented physical fitness?
5 How much should you exercise in your 20s?
6 Who made the first exercise video?
7 What is the 5 physical fitness?
8 What are the six components of skill related fitness?
10 Who is the father of physical fitness?
11 What is the oldest form of exercise?
12 Who invented the gymnasium?
How did people exercise in the 20s?
By the early 1920s, stationary bicycles had been around for a while (they were even on the Titanic) and since, they've only grown in popularity. And if you didn't have a stationary bike to use, bodyweight exercises were the move.
What is physical fitness known as?
Physical fitness refers to the ability of your body systems to work together efficiently to allow you to be healthy and perform activities of daily living. Being efficient means doing daily activities with the least effort possible.
When did physical fitness start?
Fitness, as we know it today, seems to be a relatively modern invention – something that started vaguely in the 70s with jogging and Jazzercise. But physical exercise obviously goes back much further than that, to a time where people wouldn't have thought of it as working out, but rather a way of life.
Who invented physical fitness?
A tribute to Professor Jeremiah Morris: the man who invented the field of physical activity epidemiology.
How much should you exercise in your 20s?
At least 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) of moderate-intensity physical activity per week OR 75 minutes (1 hour and 15 minutes) of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week.
You might be interested: FAQ: What Is The Physical Fitness Test For Air Force Rotc When Applying?
Who made the first exercise video?
On April 24, 1982, Jane Fonda released her first workout video, "Jane Fonda's Workout." The first of her many aerobics tapes, she inspired women around the world to throw on a leotard, tights and leg warmers and "feel the burn!" It sold one million copies after it was first released and created a brand new industry.
What is the 5 physical fitness?
What Are the Components of Physical Fitness? A: The five components of physical fitness are cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and body composition, according to Fit Day.
What are the six components of skill related fitness?
Who is the father of physical fitness?
Friedrich Jahn is the father of physical education. In the 1800s, He began his teaching a program that was comprised of outdoor physical activities to the students of the secondary school.
What is the oldest form of exercise?
Yoga, originating in India or somewhere nearby, is perhaps one of the oldest recorded forms of exercise recorded, likely practiced as early as 3300 BC (though its exact date and location of origin are uncertain). Since its beginnings, this discipline of both body and mind has branched out into countless forms.
You might be interested: Readers ask: What Are Some Healthful Behaviors For Physical Fitness?
Who invented the gymnasium?
In the 18th century, Salzmann, German clergyman, opened a gym in Thuringia teaching bodily exercises, including running and swimming. Clias and Volker established gyms in London, and in 1825, Doctor Charles Beck, a German immigrant, established the first gymnasium in the United States.
Posted in Physical Fitness
FAQ: Where Does The Physical Fitness Patch Go?
Often asked: If Your Goal Is Health Fitness How Much Physical Activity Is Recommended?


Niche A Genetics Survival Game Wings and Whale is a Simulation and Strategy game for PC published by Stray Fawn Studio in 2018. Make new generations!
Lots of new creatures can be created by you in this game. First, You have to learn how to create them.
Niche is a very unique game. It is an adorable turn-based strategy game where you play as a tribe of squirrel-esque animals gathering food, avoiding or defending against predators, and breeding to evolve more adapted creatures. Difficulty is controlled by the player based on which habitats you choose to migrate your creatures to from the relatively safe meadows to mountain tops full of predators waiting to eat those who avoid freezing to death.
Where Niche A Genetics Survival Game Wings and Whale really shines in the "realistic" genetics system which controls the abilities your animals have to help them survive – such as the ability to crack open shellfish or dig for food – and includes various genetic defects and penalties for inbreeding.
1 Comments ON " Niche A Genetics Survival Game Wings and Whale Fre... "


text:
package runtime

import (
	"runtime/internal/atomic"
	"runtime/internal/sys"
	"unsafe"
)

// defined constants
const (
	// G status
	//
	// Beyond indicating the general state of a G, the G status
	// acts like a lock on the goroutine's stack (and hence its
	// ability to execute user code).
	//
	// If you add to this list, add to the list
	// of "okay during garbage collection" status
	// in mgcmark.go too.

	// _Gidle means this goroutine was just allocated and has not
	// yet been initialized.
	_Gidle = iota // 0

	// _Grunnable means this goroutine is on a run queue. It is
	// not currently executing user code. The stack is not owned.
	_Grunnable // 1

	// _Grunning means this goroutine may execute user code. The
	// stack is owned by this goroutine. It is not on a run queue.
	// It is assigned an M and a P.
	_Grunning // 2

	// _Gsyscall means this goroutine is executing a system call.
	// It is not executing user code. The stack is owned by this
	// goroutine. It is not on a run queue. It is assigned an M.
	_Gsyscall // 3

	// _Gwaiting means this goroutine is blocked in the runtime.
	// It is not executing user code. It is not on a run queue,
	// but should be recorded somewhere (e.g., a channel wait
	// queue) so it can be ready()d when necessary. The stack is
	// not owned *except* that a channel operation may read or
	// write parts of the stack under the appropriate channel
	// lock. Otherwise, it is not safe to access the stack after a
	// goroutine enters _Gwaiting (e.g., it may get moved).
	_Gwaiting // 4

	// _Gmoribund_unused is currently unused, but hardcoded in gdb
	// scripts.
	_Gmoribund_unused // 5

	// _Gdead means this goroutine is currently unused. It may be
	// just exited, on a free list, or just being initialized. It
	// is not executing user code. It may or may not have a stack
	// allocated. The G and its stack (if any) are owned by the M
	// that is exiting the G or that obtained the G from the free
	// list.
	_Gdead // 6

	// _Genqueue_unused is currently unused.
	_Genqueue_unused // 7

	// _Gcopystack means this goroutine's stack is being moved. It
	// is not executing user code and is not on a run queue. The
	// stack is owned by the goroutine that put it in _Gcopystack.
	_Gcopystack // 8

	// _Gscan combined with one of the above states other than
	// _Grunning indicates that GC is scanning the stack. The
	// goroutine is not executing user code and the stack is owned
	// by the goroutine that set the _Gscan bit.
	//
	// _Gscanrunning is different: it is used to briefly block
	// state transitions while GC signals the G to scan its own
	// stack. This is otherwise like _Grunning.
	//
	// atomicstatus&~Gscan gives the state the goroutine will
	// return to when the scan completes.
	_Gscan         = 0x1000
	_Gscanrunnable = _Gscan + _Grunnable // 0x1001
	_Gscanrunning  = _Gscan + _Grunning  // 0x1002
	_Gscansyscall  = _Gscan + _Gsyscall  // 0x1003
	_Gscanwaiting  = _Gscan + _Gwaiting  // 0x1004
)

const (
	// P status
	_Pidle    = iota
	_Prunning // Only this P is allowed to change from _Prunning.
	_Psyscall
	_Pgcstop
	_Pdead
)

// Mutual exclusion locks.  In the uncontended case,
// as fast as spin locks (just a few user-level instructions),
// but on the contention path they sleep in the kernel.
// A zeroed Mutex is unlocked (no need to initialize each lock).
type mutex struct {
	// Futex-based impl treats it as uint32 key,
	// while sema-based impl as M* waitm.
	// Used to be a union, but unions break precise GC.
	key uintptr
}

// sleep and wakeup on one-time events.
// before any calls to notesleep or notewakeup,
// must call noteclear to initialize the Note.
// then, exactly one thread can call notesleep
// and exactly one thread can call notewakeup (once).
// once notewakeup has been called, the notesleep
// will return.  future notesleep will return immediately.
// subsequent noteclear must be called only after
// previous notesleep has returned, e.g. it's disallowed
// to call noteclear straight after notewakeup.
//
// notetsleep is like notesleep but wakes up after
// a given number of nanoseconds even if the event
// has not yet happened.  if a goroutine uses notetsleep to
// wake up early, it must wait to call noteclear until it
// can be sure that no other goroutine is calling
// notewakeup.
//
// notesleep/notetsleep are generally called on g0,
// notetsleepg is similar to notetsleep but is called on user g.
type note struct {
	// Futex-based impl treats it as uint32 key,
	// while sema-based impl as M* waitm.
	// Used to be a union, but unions break precise GC.
	key uintptr
}

type funcval struct {
	fn uintptr
	// variable-size, fn-specific data here
}

type iface struct {
	tab  *itab
	data unsafe.Pointer
}

type eface struct {
	_type *_type
	data  unsafe.Pointer
}

func efaceOf(ep *interface{}) *eface {
	return (*eface)(unsafe.Pointer(ep))
}

// The guintptr, muintptr, and puintptr are all used to bypass write barriers.
// It is particularly important to avoid write barriers when the current P has
// been released, because the GC thinks the world is stopped, and an
// unexpected write barrier would not be synchronized with the GC,
// which can lead to a half-executed write barrier that has marked the object
// but not queued it. If the GC skips the object and completes before the
// queuing can occur, it will incorrectly free the object.
//
// We tried using special assignment functions invoked only when not
// holding a running P, but then some updates to a particular memory
// word went through write barriers and some did not. This breaks the
// write barrier shadow checking mode, and it is also scary: better to have
// a word that is completely ignored by the GC than to have one for which
// only a few updates are ignored.
//
// Gs, Ms, and Ps are always reachable via true pointers in the
// allgs, allm, and allp lists or (during allocation before they reach those lists)
// from stack variables.

// A guintptr holds a goroutine pointer, but typed as a uintptr
// to bypass write barriers. It is used in the Gobuf goroutine state
// and in scheduling lists that are manipulated without a P.
//
// The Gobuf.g goroutine pointer is almost always updated by assembly code.
// In one of the few places it is updated by Go code - func save - it must be
// treated as a uintptr to avoid a write barrier being emitted at a bad time.
// Instead of figuring out how to emit the write barriers missing in the
// assembly manipulation, we change the type of the field to uintptr,
// so that it does not require write barriers at all.
//
// Goroutine structs are published in the allg list and never freed.
// That will keep the goroutine structs from being collected.
// There is never a time that Gobuf.g's contain the only references
// to a goroutine: the publishing of the goroutine in allg comes first.
// Goroutine pointers are also kept in non-GC-visible places like TLS,
// so I can't see them ever moving. If we did want to start moving data
// in the GC, we'd need to allocate the goroutine structs from an
// alternate arena. Using guintptr doesn't make that problem any worse.
type guintptr uintptr

//go:nosplit
func (gp guintptr) ptr() *g { return (*g)(unsafe.Pointer(gp)) }

//go:nosplit
func (gp *guintptr) set(g *g) { *gp = guintptr(unsafe.Pointer(g)) }

//go:nosplit
func (gp *guintptr) cas(old, new guintptr) bool {
	return atomic.Casuintptr((*uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(gp)), uintptr(old), uintptr(new))
}

// setGNoWB performs *gp = new without a write barrier.
// For times when it's impractical to use a guintptr.
//go:nosplit
//go:nowritebarrier
func setGNoWB(gp **g, new *g) {
	(*guintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(gp)).set(new)
}

type puintptr uintptr

//go:nosplit
func (pp puintptr) ptr() *p { return (*p)(unsafe.Pointer(pp)) }

//go:nosplit
func (pp *puintptr) set(p *p) { *pp = puintptr(unsafe.Pointer(p)) }

type muintptr uintptr

//go:nosplit
func (mp muintptr) ptr() *m { return (*m)(unsafe.Pointer(mp)) }

//go:nosplit
func (mp *muintptr) set(m *m) { *mp = muintptr(unsafe.Pointer(m)) }

// setMNoWB performs *mp = new without a write barrier.
// For times when it's impractical to use an muintptr.
//go:nosplit
//go:nowritebarrier
func setMNoWB(mp **m, new *m) {
	(*muintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(mp)).set(new)
}

type gobuf struct {
	// The offsets of sp, pc, and g are known to (hard-coded in) libmach.
	//
	// ctxt is unusual with respect to GC: it may be a
	// heap-allocated funcval so write require a write barrier,
	// but gobuf needs to be cleared from assembly. We take
	// advantage of the fact that the only path that uses a
	// non-nil ctxt is morestack. As a result, gogo is the only
	// place where it may not already be nil, so gogo uses an
	// explicit write barrier. Everywhere else that resets the
	// gobuf asserts that ctxt is already nil.
	sp   uintptr
	pc   uintptr
	g    guintptr
	ctxt unsafe.Pointer // this has to be a pointer so that gc scans it
	ret  sys.Uintreg
	lr   uintptr
	bp   uintptr // for GOEXPERIMENT=framepointer
}

// sudog represents a g in a wait list, such as for sending/receiving
// on a channel.
//
// sudog is necessary because the g ↔ synchronization object relation
// is many-to-many. A g can be on many wait lists, so there may be
// many sudogs for one g; and many gs may be waiting on the same
// synchronization object, so there may be many sudogs for one object.
//
// sudogs are allocated from a special pool. Use acquireSudog and
// releaseSudog to allocate and free them.
type sudog struct {
	// The following fields are protected by the hchan.lock of the
	// channel this sudog is blocking on. shrinkstack depends on
	// this for sudogs involved in channel ops.

	g          *g
	selectdone *uint32 // CAS to 1 to win select race (may point to stack)
	next       *sudog
	prev       *sudog
	elem       unsafe.Pointer // data element (may point to stack)

	// The following fields are never accessed concurrently.
	// For channels, waitlink is only accessed by g.
	// For semaphores, all fields (including the ones above)
	// are only accessed when holding a semaRoot lock.

	acquiretime int64
	releasetime int64
	ticket      uint32
	parent      *sudog // semaRoot binary tree
	waitlink    *sudog // g.waiting list or semaRoot
	waittail    *sudog // semaRoot
	c           *hchan // channel
}

type libcall struct {
	fn   uintptr
	n    uintptr // number of parameters
	args uintptr // parameters
	r1   uintptr // return values
	r2   uintptr
	err  uintptr // error number
}

// describes how to handle callback
type wincallbackcontext struct {
	gobody       unsafe.Pointer // go function to call
	argsize      uintptr        // callback arguments size (in bytes)
	restorestack uintptr        // adjust stack on return by (in bytes) (386 only)
	cleanstack   bool
}

// Stack describes a Go execution stack.
// The bounds of the stack are exactly [lo, hi),
// with no implicit data structures on either side.
type stack struct {
	lo uintptr
	hi uintptr
}

type g struct {
	// Stack parameters.
	// stack describes the actual stack memory: [stack.lo, stack.hi).
	// stackguard0 is the stack pointer compared in the Go stack growth prologue.
	// It is stack.lo+StackGuard normally, but can be StackPreempt to trigger a preemption.
	// stackguard1 is the stack pointer compared in the C stack growth prologue.
	// It is stack.lo+StackGuard on g0 and gsignal stacks.
	// It is ~0 on other goroutine stacks, to trigger a call to morestackc (and crash).
	stack       stack   // offset known to runtime/cgo
	stackguard0 uintptr // offset known to liblink
	stackguard1 uintptr // offset known to liblink

	_panic         *_panic // innermost panic - offset known to liblink
	_defer         *_defer // innermost defer
	m              *m      // current m; offset known to arm liblink
	sched          gobuf
	syscallsp      uintptr        // if status==Gsyscall, syscallsp = sched.sp to use during gc
	syscallpc      uintptr        // if status==Gsyscall, syscallpc = sched.pc to use during gc
	stktopsp       uintptr        // expected sp at top of stack, to check in traceback
	param          unsafe.Pointer // passed parameter on wakeup
	atomicstatus   uint32
	stackLock      uint32 // sigprof/scang lock; TODO: fold in to atomicstatus
	goid           int64
	waitsince      int64  // approx time when the g become blocked
	waitreason     string // if status==Gwaiting
	schedlink      guintptr
	preempt        bool     // preemption signal, duplicates stackguard0 = stackpreempt
	paniconfault   bool     // panic (instead of crash) on unexpected fault address
	preemptscan    bool     // preempted g does scan for gc
	gcscandone     bool     // g has scanned stack; protected by _Gscan bit in status
	gcscanvalid    bool     // false at start of gc cycle, true if G has not run since last scan; TODO: remove?
	throwsplit     bool     // must not split stack
	raceignore     int8     // ignore race detection events
	sysblocktraced bool     // StartTrace has emitted EvGoInSyscall about this goroutine
	sysexitticks   int64    // cputicks when syscall has returned (for tracing)
	traceseq       uint64   // trace event sequencer
	tracelastp     puintptr // last P emitted an event for this goroutine
	lockedm        *m
	sig            uint32
	writebuf       []byte
	sigcode0       uintptr
	sigcode1       uintptr
	sigpc          uintptr
	gopc           uintptr // pc of go statement that created this goroutine
	startpc        uintptr // pc of goroutine function
	racectx        uintptr
	waiting        *sudog         // sudog structures this g is waiting on (that have a valid elem ptr); in lock order
	cgoCtxt        []uintptr      // cgo traceback context
	labels         unsafe.Pointer // profiler labels
	timer          *timer         // cached timer for time.Sleep

	// Per-G GC state

	// gcAssistBytes is this G's GC assist credit in terms of
	// bytes allocated. If this is positive, then the G has credit
	// to allocate gcAssistBytes bytes without assisting. If this
	// is negative, then the G must correct this by performing
	// scan work. We track this in bytes to make it fast to update
	// and check for debt in the malloc hot path. The assist ratio
	// determines how this corresponds to scan work debt.
	gcAssistBytes int64
}

type m struct {
	g0      *g     // goroutine with scheduling stack
	morebuf gobuf  // gobuf arg to morestack
	divmod  uint32 // div/mod denominator for arm - known to liblink

	// Fields not known to debuggers.
	procid        uint64     // for debuggers, but offset not hard-coded
	gsignal       *g         // signal-handling g
	sigmask       sigset     // storage for saved signal mask
	tls           [6]uintptr // thread-local storage (for x86 extern register)
	mstartfn      func()
	curg          *g       // current running goroutine
	caughtsig     guintptr // goroutine running during fatal signal
	p             puintptr // attached p for executing go code (nil if not executing go code)
	nextp         puintptr
	id            int32
	mallocing     int32
	throwing      int32
	preemptoff    string // if != "", keep curg running on this m
	locks         int32
	softfloat     int32
	dying         int32
	profilehz     int32
	helpgc        int32
	spinning      bool // m is out of work and is actively looking for work
	blocked       bool // m is blocked on a note
	inwb          bool // m is executing a write barrier
	newSigstack   bool // minit on C thread called sigaltstack
	printlock     int8
	incgo         bool // m is executing a cgo call
	fastrand      uint32
	ncgocall      uint64      // number of cgo calls in total
	ncgo          int32       // number of cgo calls currently in progress
	cgoCallersUse uint32      // if non-zero, cgoCallers in use temporarily
	cgoCallers    *cgoCallers // cgo traceback if crashing in cgo call
	park          note
	alllink       *m // on allm
	schedlink     muintptr
	mcache        *mcache
	lockedg       *g
	createstack   [32]uintptr // stack that created this thread.
	freglo        [16]uint32  // d[i] lsb and f[i]
	freghi        [16]uint32  // d[i] msb and f[i+16]
	fflag         uint32      // floating point compare flags
	locked        uint32      // tracking for lockosthread
	nextwaitm     uintptr     // next m waiting for lock
	needextram    bool
	traceback     uint8
	waitunlockf   unsafe.Pointer // todo go func(*g, unsafe.pointer) bool
	waitlock      unsafe.Pointer
	waittraceev   byte
	waittraceskip int
	startingtrace bool
	syscalltick   uint32
	thread        uintptr // thread handle

	// these are here because they are too large to be on the stack
	// of low-level NOSPLIT functions.
	libcall   libcall
	libcallpc uintptr // for cpu profiler
	libcallsp uintptr
	libcallg  guintptr
	syscall   libcall // stores syscall parameters on windows

	mOS
}

type p struct {
	lock mutex

	id          int32
	status      uint32 // one of pidle/prunning/...
	link        puintptr
	schedtick   uint32     // incremented on every scheduler call
	syscalltick uint32     // incremented on every system call
	sysmontick  sysmontick // last tick observed by sysmon
	m           muintptr   // back-link to associated m (nil if idle)
	mcache      *mcache
	racectx     uintptr

	deferpool    [5][]*_defer // pool of available defer structs of different sizes (see panic.go)
	deferpoolbuf [5][32]*_defer

	// Cache of goroutine ids, amortizes accesses to runtime·sched.goidgen.
	goidcache    uint64
	goidcacheend uint64

	// Queue of runnable goroutines. Accessed without lock.
	runqhead uint32
	runqtail uint32
	runq     [256]guintptr
	// runnext, if non-nil, is a runnable G that was ready'd by
	// the current G and should be run next instead of what's in
	// runq if there's time remaining in the running G's time
	// slice. It will inherit the time left in the current time
	// slice. If a set of goroutines is locked in a
	// communicate-and-wait pattern, this schedules that set as a
	// unit and eliminates the (potentially large) scheduling
	// latency that otherwise arises from adding the ready'd
	// goroutines to the end of the run queue.
	runnext guintptr

	// Available G's (status == Gdead)
	gfree    *g
	gfreecnt int32

	sudogcache []*sudog
	sudogbuf   [128]*sudog

	tracebuf traceBufPtr

	// traceSweep indicates the sweep events should be traced.
	// This is used to defer the sweep start event until a span
	// has actually been swept.
	traceSweep bool
	// traceSwept and traceReclaimed track the number of bytes
	// swept and reclaimed by sweeping in the current sweep loop.
	traceSwept, traceReclaimed uintptr

	palloc persistentAlloc // per-P to avoid mutex

	// Per-P GC state
	gcAssistTime     int64 // Nanoseconds in assistAlloc
	gcBgMarkWorker   guintptr
	gcMarkWorkerMode gcMarkWorkerMode

	// gcw is this P's GC work buffer cache. The work buffer is
	// filled by write barriers, drained by mutator assists, and
	// disposed on certain GC state transitions.
	gcw gcWork

	runSafePointFn uint32 // if 1, run sched.safePointFn at next safe point

	pad [sys.CacheLineSize]byte
}

const (
	// The max value of GOMAXPROCS.
	// There are no fundamental restrictions on the value.
	_MaxGomaxprocs = 1 << 10
)

type schedt struct {
	// accessed atomically. keep at top to ensure alignment on 32-bit systems.
	goidgen  uint64
	lastpoll uint64

	lock mutex

	midle        muintptr // idle m's waiting for work
	nmidle       int32    // number of idle m's waiting for work
	nmidlelocked int32    // number of locked m's waiting for work
	mcount       int32    // number of m's that have been created
	maxmcount    int32    // maximum number of m's allowed (or die)

	ngsys uint32 // number of system goroutines; updated atomically

	pidle      puintptr // idle p's
	npidle     uint32
	nmspinning uint32 // See "Worker thread parking/unparking" comment in proc.go.

	// Global runnable queue.
	runqhead guintptr
	runqtail guintptr
	runqsize int32

	// Global cache of dead G's.
	gflock       mutex
	gfreeStack   *g
	gfreeNoStack *g
	ngfree       int32

	// Central cache of sudog structs.
	sudoglock  mutex
	sudogcache *sudog

	// Central pool of available defer structs of different sizes.
	deferlock mutex
	deferpool [5]*_defer

	gcwaiting  uint32 // gc is waiting to run
	stopwait   int32
	stopnote   note
	sysmonwait uint32
	sysmonnote note

	// safepointFn should be called on each P at the next GC
	// safepoint if p.runSafePointFn is set.
	safePointFn   func(*p)
	safePointWait int32
	safePointNote note

	profilehz int32 // cpu profiling rate

	procresizetime int64 // nanotime() of last change to gomaxprocs
	totaltime      int64 // ∫gomaxprocs dt up to procresizetime
}

// The m.locked word holds two pieces of state counting active calls to LockOSThread/lockOSThread.
// The low bit (LockExternal) is a boolean reporting whether any LockOSThread call is active.
// External locks are not recursive; a second lock is silently ignored.
// The upper bits of m.locked record the nesting depth of calls to lockOSThread
// (counting up by LockInternal), popped by unlockOSThread (counting down by LockInternal).
// Internal locks can be recursive. For instance, a lock for cgo can occur while the main
// goroutine is holding the lock during the initialization phase.
const (
	_LockExternal = 1
	_LockInternal = 2
)

const (
	_SigNotify   = 1 << iota // let signal.Notify have signal, even if from kernel
	_SigKill                 // if signal.Notify doesn't take it, exit quietly
	_SigThrow                // if signal.Notify doesn't take it, exit loudly
	_SigPanic                // if the signal is from the kernel, panic
	_SigDefault              // if the signal isn't explicitly requested, don't monitor it
	_SigGoExit               // cause all runtime procs to exit (only used on Plan 9).
	_SigSetStack             // add SA_ONSTACK to libc handler
	_SigUnblock              // unblocked in minit
)

// Layout of in-memory per-function information prepared by linker
// See https://golang.org/s/go12symtab.
// Keep in sync with linker (../cmd/link/internal/ld/pcln.go:/pclntab)
// and with package debug/gosym and with symtab.go in package runtime.
type _func struct {
	entry   uintptr // start pc
	nameoff int32   // function name

	args int32 // in/out args size
	_    int32 // previously legacy frame size; kept for layout compatibility

	pcsp      int32
	pcfile    int32
	pcln      int32
	npcdata   int32
	nfuncdata int32
}

// layout of Itab known to compilers
// allocated in non-garbage-collected memory
// Needs to be in sync with
// ../cmd/compile/internal/gc/reflect.go:/^func.dumptypestructs.
type itab struct {
	inter  *interfacetype
	_type  *_type
	link   *itab
	hash   uint32 // copy of _type.hash. Used for type switches.
	bad    bool   // type does not implement interface
	inhash bool   // has this itab been added to hash?
	unused [2]byte
	fun    [1]uintptr // variable sized
}

// Lock-free stack node.
// // Also known to export_test.go.
type lfnode struct {
	next    uint64
	pushcnt uintptr
}

type forcegcstate struct {
	lock mutex
	g    *g
	idle uint32
}

// startup_random_data holds random bytes initialized at startup. These come from
// the ELF AT_RANDOM auxiliary vector (vdso_linux_amd64.go or os_linux_386.go).
var startupRandomData []byte

// extendRandom extends the random numbers in r[:n] to the whole slice r.
// Treats n<0 as n==0.
func extendRandom(r []byte, n int) {
	if n < 0 {
		n = 0
	}
	for n < len(r) {
		// Extend random bits using hash function & time seed
		w := n
		if w > 16 {
			w = 16
		}
		h := memhash(unsafe.Pointer(&r[n-w]), uintptr(nanotime()), uintptr(w))
		for i := 0; i < sys.PtrSize && n < len(r); i++ {
			r[n] = byte(h)
			n++
			h >>= 8
		}
	}
}

// deferred subroutine calls
type _defer struct {
	siz     int32
	started bool
	sp      uintptr // sp at time of defer
	pc      uintptr
	fn      *funcval
	_panic  *_panic // panic that is running defer
	link    *_defer
}

// panics
type _panic struct {
	argp      unsafe.Pointer // pointer to arguments of deferred call run during panic; cannot move - known to liblink
	arg       interface{}    // argument to panic
	link      *_panic        // link to earlier panic
	recovered bool           // whether this panic is over
	aborted   bool           // the panic was aborted
}

// stack traces
type stkframe struct {
	fn       funcInfo   // function being run
	pc       uintptr    // program counter within fn
	continpc uintptr    // program counter where execution can continue, or 0 if not
	lr       uintptr    // program counter at caller aka link register
	sp       uintptr    // stack pointer at pc
	fp       uintptr    // stack pointer at caller aka frame pointer
	varp     uintptr    // top of local variables
	argp     uintptr    // pointer to function arguments
	arglen   uintptr    // number of bytes at argp
	argmap   *bitvector // force use of this argmap
}

const (
	_TraceRuntimeFrames = 1 << iota // include frames for internal runtime functions.
	_TraceTrap                      // the initial PC, SP are from a trap, not a return PC from a call
	_TraceJumpStack                 // if traceback is on a systemstack, resume trace at g that called into it
)

// The maximum number of frames we print for a traceback
const _TracebackMaxFrames = 100

var (
	emptystring string
	allglen     uintptr
	allm        *m
	allp        [_MaxGomaxprocs + 1]*p
	gomaxprocs  int32
	ncpu        int32
	forcegc     forcegcstate
	sched       schedt
	newprocs    int32

	// Information about what cpu features are available.
	// Set on startup in asm_{386,amd64,amd64p32}.s.
	// Packages outside the runtime should not use these
	// as they are not an external api.
	processorVersionInfo uint32
	isIntel              bool
	lfenceBeforeRdtsc    bool
	support_aes          bool
	support_avx          bool
	support_avx2         bool
	support_bmi1         bool
	support_bmi2         bool
	support_erms         bool
	support_osxsave      bool
	support_popcnt       bool
	support_sse2         bool
	support_sse41        bool
	support_sse42        bool
	support_ssse3        bool

	goarm                uint8 // set by cmd/link on arm systems
	framepointer_enabled bool  // set by cmd/link
)

// Set by the linker so the runtime can determine the buildmode.
var (
	islibrary bool // -buildmode=c-shared
	isarchive bool // -buildmode=c-archive
	isremote  bool // -buildmode=remote
)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Grassroots Economic Organizing: Catalyzing worker co-ops and the solidarity economy
Discordant Reflections on Cooperative Development
Len Krimerman
[Editor's note: the piece below was first published in the print edition of the GEO Newsletter, issue 52, in May of 2002. While Len's reflections here were sparked by the attacks of 9/11 and their political and social fallout, they speak directly, and clearly to questions which are again being asked by many in the cooperative movement - this time due largely to the results of the 2016 US Presidential elections. How much should we focus on local economics and how much on national and international politics? How can we collaborate with and support other social movemtents? Will doing so distract from our focus and expertise? Will not doing so make us complicit in injustice? As Mark Twain quipped, "history doesn't repeat itself, but it does rhyme," and this would seem to be an moment in time where cooperative history is doing just that. And that the same questions, or at least rhyming ones, are being asked again means that we must not have come up with suitable answers (or didn't effectively implement them) the first time around.
If we accept the truth of what Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. said, that "He who passively accepts evil is as much involved in it as he who helps to perpetrate it. He who accepts evil without protesting against it is really cooperating with it," then the question becomes how will we protest the evils we see today? What, practically, can we or should we be doing to resist? Those were the questions that Len was trying to answer in 2002, and they are questions that still needs answering today.]
Discordant Reflections on Worker Co-ops & Cooperative Development in the USA, Prompted by 9/11 and Its Aftermath
In the eight months since the twin tragedies of 9/11 and our government's pernicious reaction to it erupted, I have watched myself grow curiously silent at speakouts and teach-ins. I have mostly agreed when people denounced both these forms of terrorism, as well as the Bush administration's blind repudiation of international remedies and its more-than-McCarthy-like eradication of constitutionally-protected liberties. But that wasn't what I felt drawn to talk about. Something was missing which I had trouble identifying. So I'm writing this primarily to find this missing strand, to retrieve my own voice and clear my own head. Perhaps it will also prove useful to others, if only to help sharpen their disagreement with my reflections and proposals.
A Parable
Perhaps an imagined story can best begin to express my concerns. Consider Farmer Green, one of thousands of small farmers in some small corner of the globe, who awake one dreadful morning to find many of their livestock and some of their family members sick or dying. Later on that day, Farmer Green and her neighbors discover the common source of their misfortune: their wells and water supplies have been severely contaminated by a huge overflow of toxic chemicals, one that has begun to make its way throughout all of their locality. Would it be advisable, or even sensible, for Green to try to reverse her situation by emptying quarts or even gallons of spring water into her own well? Or, perhaps, the beleaguered farmers should instead hunt around locally for still uncontaminated plots on which to transplant their vegetable and fruit farms?
On their face both of these approaches seem to me delusionary. They assume that building (or purifying) incrementally — by itself — can reverse or displace a pervasively polluted system.
And so, it seems to me, do many of the strategies I have been committed to for many years as ways of moving towards the cooperative commonwealth. For these likewise seek to plant new life in an increasingly toxic environment [1]. Can such work, exemplary as it might be, suffice to reach and reverse the source(s) of toxicity? If not, shouldn't we expect this good work to be fugitive and/or badly compromised, its replications and working models to be meager and short-lived? (It was three decades ago that Mondragon was "discovered" by workplace democrats in this country, and today there are less people employed in all of our worker cooperatives than in Mondragon back in the 1970s.)
Which is not to reject incremental strategies altogether, or in all interpretations. For at the end of the day, the idea of replacing the current system by a better system all at once would almost certainly substitute one dehumanized and toxic system for another. (See here Derrick Jensen's remarkable chapter, "A Turning Over," in his A Language Older than Words.) But have I, and perhaps others in the USA cooperative community, been operating on assumptions as delusionary as those I've attributed to our imagined farmers? Consider the following questions (in parentheses below) which arose as I re-examined old beliefs in the light of 9/11 and its aftermath:
• In a GEO interview (#35), 3 years ago, Michael Shuman, author of Going Local stated:
...I believe it's possible to be critical of multinational corporations without being side-tracked by fighting against them. The emphasis of our work, I would argue, should be to create our own community-friendly businesses and move progressive consumers from the bad firms to the good ones. All of us have limited time, energy, and money, and I think we're better off allocating 90 percent of these to positive alternatives. (my emphasis)
(At the time, this did seem like a wise balance, but does — can — anyone accept it any longer?)
• In a recent email exchange among workplace democrats, one claimed that having a socialist endorse or support worker ownership was not really a problem since:
Employee ownership transcends party lines. The fact that a Socialist supports it too, should not be seen as a problem. You can just tell your non-Socialist supporters that they have succeeded in taking a step towards converting their Socialist colleague to broad-based Capitalism. (my emphasis, again)
(But what sort of "employee ownership" or "broad-based capitalism" would so "transcend party lines" as to be comfortable partnering with our two political parties?
Since they join together in covert assasinations of liberation leaders, annihilations of cooperatives, and privatization of local-controlled community enterprises throughout the third world, would an employee ownership acceptable to them be worth pursuing?)
• Mondragon's emblemmatic and catchy slogan, "We build the road by walking."
(But what if prior roads built by walking have been broken up or redirected towards non-cooperative destinations, and less and less terrain remains for new ones?)
• And hasn't it been been my own blithe assumption that the superior economic efficiency and productivity of workplace democracy will enable grassroots globalization to incrementally gather more and more socially conscious consumers, more and more workers seeking stable incomes and work satisfaction, and hence, to eventually depose corporate capitalism?
(But this is not chess or tennis that we have been playing, where one's opponents can be expected to play by agreed-upon rules. Monsanto, Chevron, and other predator capitalists, and our government's overt military or covert operations backup, will not simply shake our hands and walk away, once our superior economic performance or productivity is established.)
Five Hard Questions, and Initial Responses
1. Are you saying, then, that we, in the cooperative, democratic work, community-based economic development community, are part of the problem, indirectly responsible for the terror of US foreign policy as well as that of Bin Ladin?
Yes, though of course not the major part. It takes little for terror to prevail beyond the benign neglect of those otherwise committed to the public good [2]. All in all, what have you, I, and especially our movement, done to staunchly oppose, withdraw tacit support for, or diminish the sources of, these forms of terrorism? A recent issue of Cooperative Life claimed that there are 310,000 cooperatives in the northeast USA alone; but has their collective voice been raised against the constant (and now, escalating) military subversions and intrusions by our government, and its ever-mounting defense budget, etc.?
As Andy Becket claimed in the UK Guardian, it seems we have instead developed a sophisticated critique of (and alternative to) modern business—an economic policy, but neglected to draw up a foreign policy... on how countries should operate and behave towards each other. Everyone has been very boned up on sustainability and trade (inter-cooperation?), but not the enormity and lawlessness of US power.
2. So whats your proposal; what is to be done?
In a (longish) phrase, our incremental strategies must be informed by an insurgency that creates new forms of political as well as of economic organization. George Benello put it well, almost 40 years ago:
To counter the power of the present elites on the one hand and the alienation of citizens and workers on the other, a combination of organization and insurgency must create new centers of power based on new models of decision-making, where human beings confront each other directly and responsibly. Insurgency will be necessary for these new groupings to not simply become additional voluntary organizations, but ones ready to demand their say within the whole [global as well as national] society. From this alone can a new set of priorities arise, a new kind of moral commitment, which can defuse the war system. (from Liberation magazine, 1964; my additions and slight rephrasings.)
3. But won't this I & I (incremental and insurgent) position only further weaken our economic democracy efforts, by diverting scarce energy and resources away from them? Perhaps our role is the narrower one of doing what we do best, developing the social economy as fully and democratically as possible, leaving insurgency, direct forms of resistance, and the creation of new, de-militarized political priorities to others?
Very cogent questions. But don't they assume our economic efforts can become more than marginal while this country's political priorities and policies remain what they have been for decades? After 30+ years trying we haven't yet broken out from the margins. It was not Chomsky but Eisenhower who first warned against a military-industrial complex that would undermine not only other countries (with budding democratic and cooperative initiatives), but efforts at home to build a just and humane society. And if we want to bring the vision of a cooperative (global) commonwealth to youth, and to the anti-globalization and peace movements, we cannot do it by remaining on the sidelines, tending our own gardens, democratic and exemplary though they may be.
4. I & I still seems abstract. Give some concrete examples that can be harmoniously woven into, or somehow strengthen, our cooperative-building activity.
Here are some practical ideas that occur to me (please add your own):
• Historically, we might recall that Mondragon was not cowed by Franco, but subversively helped keep the Basque language and culture alive, while joining in strikes against his tyranny, etc. In our own country, as Jessica Gordon Nembhard has pointed out to me, the Federation of Southern Cooperatives was often the only group in town that helped civil rights advocates hold onto their land and develop alternative forms of economic enterprise when they suffered economic retaliation for registering to vote or turning out to hear Reverend King. These and other historical examples show that insurgency and incremental progress can be fruitfully combined; they deserve careful study.
• Clearer, sharper, stronger criteria, e.g., emphasizing peace-spreading and non-exploitation of the workforce, for the family of alternatives that includes cooperatives along with sustainable enterprises, community-based economic development, etc., need to be put in place. The Organic Agriculture community has done this (first in Europe, now in North America), as has the socially responsible investment community. Isn't it time for us to draw some lines, albeit porous ones which recognize incremental improvements? The International Cooperative Alliance has put forth some potentially useful starting points. We should suggest amendments, e.g., that cooperatives be accountable to one another, and become a strong voice within the worldwide movement towards peace and justice.
• Educate those developing political alternatives, which are (on the whole) clueless or misinformed on economic alternatives. (For example, the newly published Global Activists' Manual barely mentions workplace democracy.) Our initiatives should become platform planks of the Green Party, the Working Families Party, etc. Some stubborn labor folks may be dismissive. But we know cooperative development serves the working poor, the excluded, and the impoverished, and that—when supported by progressive unions—it does these things even better. Canada's labour-supported investment funds are cases in point; and see the breaking story on Team X/Sweat X in this issue. This means more than simply sending the Working Families Party back issues of GEO. It means coalitioning in a hands-on, continuing process.
• Link our constructive efforts with others who have a stake in a peaceful, just, and cooperative world. This includes the huge community of participatory NGOs that has formed over the past two decades. In her recent book, Non-Governments, Julie Fischer estimates that well over a hundred thousand moderately to genuinely democratic grassroots NGOs now operate on many continents and have already reshaped political development in the southern hemisphere along highly participatory lines. In short, we need to join forces with peace and anti-globalization activists. But also with conflict resolution activists/educators, progressive labor and anti-sweatshop activists, Poor/Homeless Peoples and Living Wage Campaigns, etc. — and many more....(please add your own ideas here)
But how to do this? Well, for starters, these potential allies need to be invited to our gatherings and enterprises. They need to see directly what Cooperative Home Care Associates has actually accomplished; how well Equal Exchange functions; the exquisite quilt of interests that SACCO (the Southern Appalachian Center for Cooperative Ownership) has helped weave in creating a worker takeover in Appalachia. And vice versa—we need to participate in their activities and deliberations: were workplace democracy folks involved in the last two World Social Forums in Porto Alegre? When trips or conferences are organized to or in College Park, Md, Mondragon, Cape Breton or, soon, Chac Lol, Mexico, are places reserved for those beyond our movement with whom we are in solidarity?
5. GEO member Alex Pukinkis wrote, in response to an earlier draft: "Attempting to change things on the grassroots level can have an effect, just as a small amount of bacteria can eat a much larger amount of algae. However, when the algae are reproducing faster than the bacteria, it's quite a challenge. But not nearly as hopeless as staring at a chemically polluted well."
I'd certainly agree, enthusiastically, but with a caveat. Grassroots efforts of certain sorts are probably the only route to meaningful change, or at least a necessary component. But there are grassroots efforts and grassroots efforts. Some, like those Shuman appears to endorse, may well be algae-friendly: they can lack solidarity with other non-local initiatives, caring only about their own survival and prosperity. They have "enterprise consciousness," as it's sometimes called. To engage only or primarily in such grassroots activities, it seems to me, is a recipe for continued economic marginality. It is also a form of implicit collusion with the wholesale terrorism of our Orwellian, unending-war-for-peace, government.
[1] Why "toxic"? Because for decades it has made the wreched of this earth, on virtually all continents, endangered victims of wholesale terrorism and multi-national exploitation, and has now begun a cynical "unending war for peace" which puts the entire planet at risk.
[2] As we watch the bombing of Afghani, or Columbian (or Iraqi, or North Korean) villages, or the destruction of Palestinian civil society by USA-financed Israeli war criminals, we would perhaps do well to recall Dr. King's words in the opening epigraph.
Len Krimerman helped found GEO in 1991 and is one of its editorial coordinators. He gratefully acknowledges comments and suggestions from several fellow GEO members: Bill Caspary, Jessica Gordon Nembhard, Frank Lindenfeld, and Bob Stone. In the end, though, he speaks only for himself in this "co-op editorial," on which he welcomes comments and responses. You can leave your thoughts in the comments section below.
Responses to Len's Reflections
Russ Christianson, Rhythm Communications, Campbellford, Ontario, Canada
I really don't have much disagreement with Len. One initial comment I have is: While all co-operatives say they follow the ICA Statement of Co-operative Identity (the principles and values we hold dear), it seems to me that the very large corporate businesses (like the wheat pools in Canada), which due to their size and complexity are basically run by a management class with the same objectives of competitiveness as ROI as other global businesses, and many members who voted for George W. Bush or Ralph Klein or Mike Harris, and would likely support "the war on terrorism," are not really interested in creating a "co-operative commonwealth." They are operating in their own business silos and see themselves and express themselves as being "non-political." Historically, this has been the compromise that these co-ops have made to ensure their successful growth in a sea of capitalism. Now, it can be argued that this is an incremental strategy, towards a more democratic and fair economy, but how far can these co-op businesses compromise their heritage before they become co-opted by the dominant economic imperative—get big, do it fast, and make as much money as you can, as quickly as you can?
Greg O'Neill, advisor to the Canadian Worker Co-operative Federation CWCF Board
I was very excited by the article. I was particularly drawn towards the insurgency aspect of it. How many years have we all been doing Cooperative Education, Cooperative Development and committing our lives to those principles? How frustrated are we that the results have been so pitiful? Not only are we not making ground, we are losing it. Co-ops in Atlantic Canada are becoming more precarious very year, the major second tier Cooperatives in Canada have certainly ceased to be a Cooperative in anything but name. Co-operatives are divesting themselves of their newspapers and publications. So, what do we do about that?
I get back to the big idea discussion we were having a while ago and the big event. I think a bunch of serious people with overheads, flipcharts and PowerPoint presentations are about as appealing to my teenage and young adult children as doing housework. It is, in my view the new generation that is our next best hope for making change happen. I think of insurgency as a positive, non-violent series of entertaining and engaging events.
I am thinking of engaging those actively involved in protesting the G8 and other international celebrations of the liberal capitalist way. I am thinking of engaging people like Michael Moore, Bruce Cockburn, Tracy Chapman and the new musical and literary voice of young people's dissatisfaction with the way things are set up. How do we engage those who are willing to risk serious personal injury at the police barricades set up at those G8 meetings and channel their energy into a positive, productive activity. How do we wrestle with "Stupid White Men"?
What I am thinking is that we need to say loudly and clearly what we are for. I think the most successful forms of insurgency are those that are very clear about their purpose. It is easy to be against something. Anybody can be a critic. We want to be creators. In Canada there is such a diversity of groups, some social, some political, some based in CED work some cultural and some religious. How often do these diverse groups get together? How many of these groups exist in other countries? Let's have our own international summit. Let's bring these groups together in one place. Let's build a chain link fence around our meeting to keep the violent liberal capitalists out. Let's entertain ourselves while we do it. Let's invite the successful international Cooperatives to strut their stuff along with the green entrepreneurs, the artists and others that celebrate life on this planet. Let's have a good time doing it. Let's celebrate the joy, hope and spirit that is the basis of our principles. Let's let it loose. Let our insurgency be an explosion of creativity that is irresistible. Let's do it again and again and again.
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When citing this article, please use the following format: Len Krimerman (2002). Discordant Reflections on Worker Co-ops & Cooperative Development in the USA, Prompted by 9/11 and Its Aftermath . Grassroots Economic Organizing (GEO) Newsletter, Volume 1, Issue 52. http://geo.coop/story/discordant-reflections-cooperative-development
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The Rebel to Rabble Review: Not sitting well
By iPolitics. Published on Feb 8, 2019 11:00am
As questions continue to swirl over how Canada's progressive-left politicians and political activists are responding to the ongoing political tensions in Venezuela — and, more specifically, the seemingly mixed messages being sent by the federal New Democrats and media reports on ties between the Canadian labour movement and supporters of the Maduro regime — Rabble correspondent Ryan Donnelly suggests that Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's current position on the crisis — and specifically, his government's outspoken support for opposition leader Juan Guaido — is "not sitting well with many Canadians."
As evidence, he points to the continuing objections to Canada's decision to recognize Guaido as the interim president from New Democrat candidate Jessa McLean, whose criticism sparked a demand for an apology from Foreign Affairs Minister Chrystia Freeland.
McLean, he reports, "feels that she owes no apology for her criticism of Canada's declaration that Guaido, and not Nicolas Maduro, is the rightful president of Venezuela," but instead believes that it is Freeland and Trudeau "who need to apologize to the Venezuelan people for contributing to the political and economic instability in Venezuela."
Juan Guaidó, head of Venezuela's National Assembly, has declared himself president of the country.
In siding with Guaido, he notes, "Canada has joined the United States and around two dozen other countries in recognizing Guadio, while Mexico, Bolivia, Nicuragua, El Salvador and a handful of traditional international Venezuelan allies continue recognize Chavez's successor, Nicolas Maduro."
Even amongst those "who remain critical of Maduro's governance," he points out, there are some who "maintain that Canada should not be interfering in the domestic politics of another country," but Trudeau made it clear at a recent town hall that "he does not believe Maduro is the legitimate president and that he is recognizing what he believes is the constitutional authority in the country."
Elsewhere in the Rabbleverse, Yves Engler calls out the "corporate media" for aligning themselves "wholeheartedly behind the federal government's push for regime change in Venezuela."
The "propaganda," he avers, "is thick and, as per usual, it is as much about what they don't, as what they do, report."
Some examples of what Engler views as having been "ignored by Canada's dominant media": the defeat of a "Canadian-backed interventionist resolution" at a January meeting of the Organization of American States; the charters of both the OAS and the United Nations "precluding unilateral sanctions and interfering in other countries' affairs," and the fact that, by his count, "most of the world's countries, with most of the world's population, have failed to support the U.S./Canada push to recognize National Assembly head Juan Guaidóas president of Venezuela."
In a similarly themed piece that appeared on Montreal-based Ricochet, Engler went even further, suggesting that "Canada's goal of overthrowing Venezuela is decades old," and challenging the "official story" on its latest involvement for leaving out "its long-standing hostility to the Venezuelan government."
A memorial for the 2018 crash where 16 people died and 13 injured when a truck crashed into the Humboldt Broncos hockey team bus, is shown at the crash site in Tisdale, Sask. (Toronto Star)
Also circulating on the left side of the Canadian mediasphere:
James Witt argues that last year's deadly bus crash in Humboldt, SK "is not the fault of truck driver Jaskirat Singh Sidhu alone," and that, in his view, "far more to blame is a combination of massive regulatory failures, infrastructure neglect, and the all-consuming capitalist imperative to maximize profits with higher speeds, longer shifts, and less training."
Penney Kome explores the "dark secret" behind Cancer Prevention Month, as laid out in a "frightening message" from the Canadian Cancer Society: "Every drop of liquor you drink, increases your risk for seven kinds of cancer."
Press Progress goes through the fine print of a new report from the Canadian Union of Public Employees on the steady decline in public funding for Canadian universities, which, it suggests, could "open the door to the 'corporatization'" of these institutions, with private donations often coming with "strings attached," and could even result in corporate supporter having a "veto" over research projects.
Over at unabashedly right-leaning Rebel Media, meanwhile, site co-founder Ezra Levant is trumpeting the results of an "exclusive investigation" that, he avers, reveals that Alberta New Democrat Premier Rachel Notley has offered a $440 million loan guarantee to Calgary-based Value Creation, despite the fact that the company has "no plans for construction" of the "massive new oilsands upgrader" that the money is supposed to fund.
Alberta Premier Rachel Notley. iPolitics/Matthew Usherwood
"Our Alberta bureau chief, Sheila Gunn Reid, went to the project site, which just happens to be down the road from her home," he notes.
"There is no activity there at all. There is no construction already underway. There is no construction at all. It's mainly empty fields. It looks like there was some construction ten years ago, but then it was abandoned. They haven't put a shovel in the ground in a decade."
A couple of deep dives into the internet archives and a few phone calls and emails later, he had an answer:
"They're not an operating company. They don't in fact have construction underway. And [corporate president Dr. Columba Yeung ] said it wouldn't make sense to raise money yet."
His conclusion: "Rachel Notley lied about this upgrader. It's an empty, snow-covered field. There's no construction underway. There's no money that's lined up" — and, as he sees it, "the entire press gallery in Alberta is complicit in this lie, too. We here at The Rebel are the only people who even bothered to check the facts."
U.S. President Donald Trump (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)
He's also claiming exclusive coverage of the implications that U.S. President Donald Trump's latest executive order on the Buy America policy may have on Canada.
"What I'm about to tell you is a secret in Canada," he advises his readers.
"On Thursday, January 31, Donald Trump signed an executive order banning Canadian goods and services from hundreds of billions of dollars of U.S. government contracts."
The order, he notes, "doesn't actually mention Canada by name" but, in his view, "Canada is by far the country that will be the most impacted — given the size of our trading relationship with the U.S., and the integration of our economies, and the nature of the products and services being banned."
And while he acknowledges that he's "not a trade lawyer," but after perusing the fine print of the order, he thinks it could mean that Canadians "won't even be able to make the Keystone XL pipeline that Trump approved."
Missed a previous edition? Catch up here.
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Chester began when the Romans built a fort next to the River Dee about 75 AD. The Roman fort was called Deva. At first the fort was made of wood. It had a ditch outside and an earth embankment with a wooden palisade on top. At the beginning of the 2nd century parts of the fort were rebuilt in stone. In Roman Chester there was a large amphitheatre were people were entertained by gladiators or by cruel 'sports' such as cock fighting and bear baiting. However in the 4th century Roman civilisation began to break down. In England people drifted away from the towns like Chester and they were left almost or wholly abandoned. What happened to Chester after the Romans left is not known for certain. There may have been a small number of people living within the walls of the old town, farming the land outside.
After the Romans left England and Wales split into rival kingdoms. Chester probably lay within a northern Welsh kingdom. However the Saxons invaded eastern England and pushed westwards. By the 7th century they had reached Cheshire. About 617 AD a battle was fought at Chester between the Welsh and the Saxons. The Saxons won and Chester fell into their hands. The Saxons gave Chester its name. They called any group of Roman buildings a ceaster. In time this was corrupted to Chester. In the 9th century the Danes invaded England. In the winter of 893/94 a Danish army made use of the old Roman fort. They wintered there and were besieged by Alfred the Great. In the early 10th century Chester was made into a burgh or fortified settlement. The Saxons had a policy of creating burghs across their kingdom as strongholds in case of Danish attack. Streets were laid out in Chester and people were encouraged to come and live there. Soon Chester was a flourishing little town with a mint and a weekly market.
Chester thrived in the early Middle Ages. It still imported luxuries like wine and traded with places like Ireland and North Wales. In Chester the main industry was leather. There were skinners and tanners. There were also glovers, shoemakers and saddlers. Some wool was also woven in the town and exported. Chester had an annual fair. In the Middle Ages fairs were like markets but they were held only once a year. People would come from all over Cheshire to buy and sell at a Chester fair. In the Middle Ages craftsmen dug cellars under their houses and sold their wares from a room at the front of the house. In Chester the bedrock is only a short distance under the soil so 'cellars' were built at least partly above ground. Craftsmen sold goods from balconies on the first floor. This is the origin of the Chester Rows.
The Kaleyard gate was built in 1274 so that monks could reach the yard where they grew kale. The Water Tower was built in 1322. In the late Middle Ages Chester may have had a population of about 4,000 (although a great many people died in the Black Death of 1349). However in the 15th century the port of Chester declined as the river Dee silted up. In 1092 the Saxon church of St Werburgh was converted into an abbey. Then in the mid 12th century a nunnery was built in Chester. In the 13th century the friars arrived in Chester. Friars were like monks but instead of withdrawing from the world they went out to preach. There were 3 orders of friars in Chester. The Dominicans arrived in 1236. They were known as black friars because of their black costumes. Franciscans or grey friars followed them in 1237. Lastly the Carmelites of white friars came to Chester by 1277. In the Middle Ages the church founded 'hospitals'. There were 3 of them at Chester including St Leonards, a leper hostel about 1 mile from the town. Like all Medieval towns Chester suffered outbreaks of fire. This was a constant hazard as most buildings were made of wood with thatched roofs. There were fires in Chester in 1115 and 1278.
How A Car Is Scrapped
We will collect the scrap car from Chester or the surrounding area and dispose of it through our nationwide network of 23 fully licensed Authorised Treatment Facility (ATF) Sites who will scrap your car in line with End of Life (ELV) Legislation, and provide you with a Certificate of Destruction which we file online with the DVLA. So you can rest assured your car has been scrapped legally.
For a hassle free fast way to scrap your car in Chester please complete the fields in the form to the right and we will provide an instant online scrap car price with the choice to accept and arrange scrapping or decline our scrap car offer.
Should you have any queries, then please contact a member of our team on Freephone: 0800 111 4995 or 01226 770306 to discuss your scrap car collection and what cash payment you will receive, or alternatively contact us and let us know your scrap a car for cash query.
Raw2K ATF sites utilise the advised environmental disposal methods/process as per ELV/ATF Guidelines and legislation.
Raw2Ks operations are focused upon lowering our waste and increasing recycling, therefore providing us with a controlled and reduced sustainability impact wherever possible. A scrap car is much greener than an abandoned car and the owner is paid cash for scrapping their car.
Scrap Metal Dealers Act 2013 Important Information
Best Price Paid For Your Scrap Car
Using our online quote form you can find out the best price paid for scrapping your car in an instant.
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"Thankyou so much for the care and speed that you gave me for scrapping my car. I'd had her a long time and was sad to see her go, but the guy who removed the car was so professional about it, it was easier than I thought. I would definitely recommend you to anybody in the future." Les & Jackie Eales
Copyright © Raw2k Limited, Registered in England No. 4304063, the company is duly registered with the Data Protection Act 1998 and follow the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003, ICO Registration No. Z9224784. We are registered to ISO 9001 certificate no. GB20000595 and also members of the British Vehicle Salvage Federation membership no. RAW01/0210/11. All Rights Reserved. The content of this site is protected under applicable copyright laws. Personal use of material is permitted for research and/or information purposes.


The dopamine transporter (DAT) protein is selectively expressed in a population of dopaminergic neurons mostly concentrated in the midbrain. Loss of DAT-expressing cells is often a marker of neurodegeneration associated with Parkinson's disease and methamphetamine abuse. We have generated and characterized a strain of transgenic Long Evans rats expressing iCre recombinase under a DAT promoter (DAT::iCre, line 6). The tissue-specific expression of iCre can be used in combination with Cre-dependent transgenes to obtain selective expression of transgenes in DAT(+) neurons.
As of May 17, 2016, this strain is available as line #00758 at the RRRC.
This rat is registered at the Rat Genome Database (RGD) ID# 9588578.
Figure 1: Schematic of DAT-iCre transgenic construct. A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) containing the rat DAT gene (CH230-275E16) was obtained from the Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI), and recombineered to replace the start codon of DAT with cassette containing iCre (improved Cre recombinase) and the polyadenylation signal from the gene for bovine growth hormone (pOTTC173). This BAC was injected into the pronuclei of fertilized Long Evans rat embryos by NIMH Transgenic Core, and ultimately resulted in three independent, phenotypically positive DAT::iCre lines. This line (LE-Tg(DAT-iCre)6Ottc) has one copy of the transgene per haploid genome as determined by droplet digital PCR.
Figure 2: RNA expression patterns of DAT (red) and iCre (green) in the midbrain. Labeling of target mRNA was done by in situ hydridization with fluorescently-labeled RNAscope probes. Wildtype rats show no iCre expression, whereas transgenic DAT-iCre6 rats show iCre expression only in cells that also express DAT. The nuclei of all cells are stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar represents 50 microns.
Figure 3. Midbrain expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and red to green fluorescent protein reporters of Cre activity. Two weeks after injection of AAV-Nuc-flox(mCherry)-eGFP into the substantia nigra of a DAT-iCre6 rat brains were sections and immunostained for TH as a reliable marker for dopaminergic cells. Transduced cells that do not express iCre are red because they only express nuclear-localized mCherry, whereas transduced (dopaminergic) cells which express iCre are green because the viral genome has recombined to delete the mCherry coding region. The nuclei of all cells are stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar represent 50 microns.


text:
Q: Allow user when registered to browse to username.host.com I am using Asp.net MVC3 and C# and IIS 7.5. I want that once user is registered he can browse my site using username.host.com and this username should be available to me in my query string so I can show the data related to that particular username only. All the logic is the same for all users. I don't want to do any fancy thing like if user1.host.com is entered then I want to redirect to a separate controller and action etc. All the application logic is the same for all users. I just want to change the way the url is shown in the browser.
Note: I am not talking about really creating dynamic subdomains. That is a lot of task!
Because routing is so powerful in MVC, I assume that it can be done alone using routing. Also, if possible I want this to work on localhost also in IIS/Cassini.
Eg: If I browse to jaggu.localhost:19883. It should send me to localhost:19883/Home/index/Jaggu (because by default Home is the controller and index is the method)
I am completely clueless on how to achieve this. Any help would be appreciated.
Thanks.

A: In terms of ASP.NET MVC routing it's easy. Simply write a custom route:
public class MyRoute : Route
{
    public MyRoute(string url, object defaults)
        : base(url, new RouteValueDictionary(defaults), new MvcRouteHandler())
    { }

    public override RouteData GetRouteData(HttpContextBase httpContext)
    {
        var rd = base.GetRouteData(httpContext);
        var tokens = httpContext.Request.Url.Host.Split('.');
        if (tokens.Length > 1)
        {
            rd.Values["username"] = tokens[0];
        }
        return rd;
    }
}

and then register this route:
routes.Add(
    "Default",
    new MyRoute(
        "{controller}/{action}/{username}",
        new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", username = UrlParameter.Optional }
    )
);

Now when someone requests http://foo.host.com, automatically the Index action of the HomeController will be invoked and passed username="foo" parameter.
Then comes the difficult part. The registration and management of subdomains and web server configuration. A topic better suited to be discussed on http://serverfault.com

A: It is significantly easier to work with www.{site}.com/{username} than what you are trying to do.
subdomains are meant to section off separate websites; not content areas.
Even if you get it to work, you will discover more issues like dealing with SSL certs (if you need them) and the browser's always fun "same origin policy."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
« What lies ahead for Kyle Rittenhouse? | Stunning good news from Chile — and not just for them, but for us »
A domestic terror attack strikes a Milwaukee suburb
By Andrea Widburg
UPDATE: Since I wrote this, more news has emerged that the driver, Darrell Brooks, was a career criminal who had just been put on the streets and may have been fleeing a crime when he smashed into the parade. You will not be surprised to learn, though, that Brooks was a radical BLM-supporter and Trump-hater, who had no reason to be in conservative Waukesha.
And continuing the updates, the line about "fleeing a crime" has been disproven. He was driving through the parade because he wanted to drive through the parade.
The Biden administration and its propaganda outlets (AKA the mainstream media) constantly insist that America is under domestic terrorist threat from "White supremacists." However, when a red SUV deliberately slammed into a suburb's holiday parade, striking and killing both grandmothers and little girls, the driver didn't match the "White supremacist" description — that is, unless the left wants to extend the term "White supremacist" to encompass a Black man with dreadlocks.
Waukesha is a mid-sized suburb of around 73,000 people, located 30 minutes west of Milwaukee. In case you wanted to know, Kenosha, a town south of Milwaukee, is just an hour's drive from Waukesha.
On Sunday, Waukesha was having its annual Christmas parade. This was a community activity, with lots of children participating and watching.
Shortly after the parade started, a red SUV barreled through the parade at high speed, deliberately striking at least 20 people. Accidentally or not, the SUV managed to strike hardest at a "Dancing Grannies" float with several elderly women on it and at a schoolgirls' dance team. Elderly women and children were among the dead and injured.
The video of the car tearing through the parade looks remarkably like car and truck terrorist attacks in Europe: in 2016, a Muslim terrorist drove a truck through a Bastille Day celebration in Nice, killing 86 people and injuring 458 others. Also in 2016, a Muslim driving a truck smashed into a Christmas market in Berlin, killing 12 people and injuring 56. Then, in 2017, ISIS claimed responsibility for a car attack on London Bridge, followed by the car's occupants jumping out to stab people. The attack killed eight people and left 48 injured. And moving south, in 2020, a Palestinian drove a car into 12 Israeli soldiers. Obviously, guns are not necessary for terrorism.
The footage from the Waukesha attack is heart-wrenching. I'm including it here because it's part of this narrative, but I warn you that it makes for deeply painful viewing:
CHILLING VIDEO: These images show the moment a driver in an SUV plowed through the Waukesha Christmas Parade this afternoon. At least 20 people have been injured. We're waiting on more updates. Here's what we know: https://t.co/4tVqtt7Uya pic.twitter.com/EAjT1HYfUC
— WISN 12 NEWS (@WISN12News) November 22, 2021
Graphic video shows a speeding vehicle ram through participants of the Christmas parade in #Waukesha, Wisc. Few details confirmed at this point though the police said they have a person of interest they're looking into. pic.twitter.com/zKEX1VoC2T
— Andy Ngô 🏳🌈 (@MrAndyNgo) November 22, 2021
You can hear screams in this video as people react to the vehicle driving through the Christmas parade in #Waukesha, Wisc. pic.twitter.com/ODUj34r4yv
TRIGGER WARNING ⚠
FULL VIDEO ⚠#BREAKING
Reports of multiple injuries after car runs through Christmas parade in Wisconsin
Multiple people are feared to have been injured after a car reportedly rammed into a crowd of parade-goers in the city of #Waukesha, Wisconsin. pic.twitter.com/BkHLY18udH
— Gabriel Hébert-Rouillier 💀 (@Gab_H_R) November 22, 2021
As I write this, the police have not identified a motive behind the attack. The law of averages suggests that the top two choices are (a) Islamic terrorism and (b) payback against ordinary people for the Kyle Rittenhouse verdict. Of course, there could be lots of other reasons: the driver could be an insane person or, or... Well, actually, sitting here, I really don't see many other options to explain why someone would deliberately drive at top speed through a parade of little children and family people. This is terrorism, pure and simple, regardless of the motive — and, obviously, we'll have more to say when the terrorist's motive is known.
Needless to say, I speak for all of us here at American Thinker when I say our thoughts and prayers are with the people of Waukesha, especially those whose family and friends were among those who died or were injured.
Image: Terrorist attack in Waukesha, Wisconsin. Twitter screen grab.
To comment, you can find the MeWe post for this article here.
If you experience technical problems, please write to helpdesk@americanthinker.com


PCL Construction [pcl.com] is a group of independent construction companies working in the U.S., Canada, the Caribbean, and in Australia. Its operations in the civil infrastructure, heavy industrial, and buildings markets amount to an annual construction volume of more than $8 billion, making PCL one of the largest contracting organizations in North America.
SABMag: What has been PCL's experience in sustainable building thus far?
PCL: PCL's consistent focus on sustainability over the years has resulted in a portfolio of work that demonstrates measurable benefits including energy and water savings and smart material choices that help our clients meet their goals for sustainability and cost effectiveness. PCL has been involved in the construction of more than 165 LEED certified projects across North America with a value of more than $15 billion and has 318 LEED credentialed staff. We have full-time experts in building envelope, mechanical, electrical and structural systems, as well as a sustainability professional network across North America engaged in developing high performance low impact building solutions for our clients.
We have a new partnership with Microsoft to develop smart solutions that will improve system efficiencies throughout buildings. One focus is to reduce management, maintenance, and utility costs by learning from the data collected, to create improvements and efficiencies. For example, these systems can use sensors and custom algorithms to automatically turn off the heat in unused rooms or areas of a building. Another outcome will be to increase occupant satisfaction and productivity. We can personalize and automate a building's features such as lighting, heating and cooling, room utilization, and more, to create a more comfortable and productive work environment.
We have established a Solar Centre of Excellence with experts who can deliver renewable energy at all scales from utility projects to individual buildings. The group has installed more than 660 MW of solar projects, which is enough to power more than 130,000 homes. In addition, we are expanding our modular construction capabilities which allows us to achieve significant reductions in on-site waste generation and overall schedule durations.
PCL: My role is to ensure that we are leveraging our sustainability knowledge and expertise to add value for our clients on every project we touch by identifying opportunities for high-performance construction. I also assist PCL's clients in profitably developing, designing, constructing, and operating projects to achieve the highest levels of sustainability, with a focus on reduced energy consumption and low-carbon/net-carbon-neutral targets. I'm also involved in improving our day-to-day operations through the incorporation of measures to help reduce our energy, material, and water consumption.
SABMag: On a typical building project, how much influence does PCL have in ensuring or improving the sustainable aspects of a project?
PCL: We can bring the greatest value to the client when we are involved in the early stages of a project. The rating system and the project delivery type will both have an influence on PCL's involvement and role related to sustainability. In general, a lump sum project requires PCL to follow basic sustainability requirements such as stormwater pollution prevention, tracking sustainability aspects of materials, construction waste recycling, and indoor air quality management during construction.


text:
New York City Web Design Company | NYC Website Design & Development
MAXBURST, Inc. was founded in New York in 2007 to provide web-based services to small and medium-sized businesses. We offer a variety of digital agency-based services, including web design, web programming, and digital marketing services. All are delivered using the most current technologies and with personal guidance. Our goal is to provide our customers the means to effectively present and market themselves online successfully. We help you build your brand, increase your web presence worldwide, and establish more meaningful relationships with customers.
127 West 30th Street, 9th Floor #989
New York New York 10001
About New York
New York most commonly refers to: New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York (state), a state in the northeastern United StatesNew York may also refer to: == Film and television == New York (1916 film), a lost American silent comedy drama by George Fitzmaurice New York (1927 film), an American silent drama by Luther Reed New York (2009 film), a Bollywood film by Kabir Khan New York: A Documentary Film, a film by Ric Burns "New York" (Glee), an episode of Glee == Literature == New York (Burgess book), a 1976 work of travel and observation by Anthony Burgess New York (Morand book), a 1930 travel book by Paul Morand New York (novel), a 2009 historical novel by Edward Rutherfurd New York (magazine), a bi-weekly magazine founded in 1968 == Music == New York EP, a 2012 EP by Angel Haze "New York" (Angel Haze song) New York (album), a 1989 album by Lou Reed "New York" (Eskimo Joe song) (2007) "New York" (Ja Rule song) (2004) "New York" (Paloma Faith song) (2009) "New York" (St. Vincent song) (2017) "New York" (Snow Patrol song) (2011) "New York" (U2 song) (2000) New York, a 2006 album by Antti Tuisku "New York", a 1977 song by the Sex Pistols from Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols == Places == === United Kingdom === New York, Lincolnshire New York, North Yorkshire New York, Tyne and Wear === United States === ==== New York state ==== New York metropolitan area, the region encompassing New York City and its suburbs New York County, covering the same area as the New York City borough of Manhattan New York, the US Postal Service address designating Manhattan Province of New York, a British colony preceding the state of New York ==== Other states ==== New York, Florida, an unincorporated community in Santa Rosa County New York, Iowa, an unincorporated community in Wayne County New York, Kentucky, an unincorporated community in Ballard County New York, Missouri, a ghost town in Scott County New York, Texas, an unincorporated community in Henderson County New York Mountain, a mountain in Colorado New York Mountains, a mountain range in California === Ukraine === Niu-York (New York, officially romanized Niu-York), a settlement in Donetsk Oblast == Ships == Many ships have been named after the city or state of New York.
Neighborhoods in New York, New York
Alphabet City, Association for Neighborhood & Housing Development, Bedford-Stuyvesant, Borough Park, Brooklyn, Carnegie Hill, Castle Hill, Center For NYC Neighborhoods, Central Park, Chelsea
Things to do in New York, New York
2 Times Square
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Unveil a more beautiful you.
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Mason's Masonry & Concrete LLC
Safe-Pro Locksmith
L'italien
Drive-Aid Pressure Washing
MAXPlaces Marketing LLC
Tree Service Martinez


text:
package org.apache.bsf.engines;

import org.apache.bsf.BSFEngine;
import org.apache.bsf.BSFEngineTestCase;
import org.apache.bsf.BSFException;

/**
 * Test class for the Rhino language engine.
 */
public class JavascriptTest extends BSFEngineTestCase {
    private BSFEngine javascriptEngine;

    public JavascriptTest(final String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    public void setUp() {
        super.setUp();

        try {
            javascriptEngine = bsfManager.loadScriptingEngine("javascript");
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("Failure attempting to load javascript engine", e));
        }
    }

    public void testExec() {
        try {
            javascriptEngine.exec("Test.js", 0, 0,
                                  "java.lang.System.out.print " +
                                  "(\"PASSED\");");
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("exec() test failed", e));
        }

        assertEquals("PASSED", getTmpOutStr());
    }

    public void testEval() {
        Double retval = null;

        try {
            retval = new Double((javascriptEngine.eval("Test.js", 0, 0,
                                                       "1 + 1;").toString()));
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("eval() test failed", e));
        }

        assertEquals(new Double(2), retval);
    }

    public void testCall() {
        final Object[] args = { new Double(1) };
        Double retval = null;

        try {
            javascriptEngine.exec("Test.js", 0, 0,
                                  "function addOne (f) {\n return f + 1;\n}");
            retval =
                new Double((javascriptEngine.call(null, "addOne",
                                                  args).toString()));
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("call() test failed", e));
        }

        assertEquals(new Double(2), retval);
    }

    public void testIexec() {
        try {
            javascriptEngine.iexec("Test.js", 0, 0,
                                   "java.lang.System.out.print " +
                                   "(\"PASSED\");");
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("iexec() test failed", e));
        }

        assertEquals("PASSED", getTmpOutStr());
    }

    public void testBSFManagerEval() {
        Double retval = null;

        try {
            retval = new Double((bsfManager.eval("javascript", "Test.js", 0,
                                                 0, "1 + 1;")).toString());
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("BSFManager eval() test failed", e));
        }

        assertEquals(new Double(2), retval);
    }

    public void testBSFManagerAvailability() {
        Object retval = null;

        try {
            retval = javascriptEngine.eval("Test.js", 0, 0,
                                           "bsf.lookupBean(\"foo\");");
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("Test of BSFManager availability failed", e));
        }

        assertNull(retval);
    }

    public void testRegisterBean() {
        final Double foo = new Double(1);
        Double bar = null;

        try {
            bsfManager.registerBean("foo", foo);
            bar = (Double)
                javascriptEngine.eval("Test.js", 0, 0,
                                      "bsf.lookupBean(\"foo\");");
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("registerBean() test failed", e));
        }

        assertEquals(foo, bar);
    }

    public void testUnregisterBean() {
        final Double foo = new Double(1);
        Double bar = null;

        try {
            bsfManager.registerBean("foo", foo);
            bsfManager.unregisterBean("foo");
            bar = (Double)
                javascriptEngine.eval("Test.js", 0, 0,
                                      "bsf.lookupBean(\"foo\");");
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("unregisterBean() test failed", e));
        }

        assertNull(bar);
    }

    public void testDeclareBean() {
        final Double foo = new Double(1);
        Double bar = null;

        try {
            bsfManager.declareBean("foo", foo, Double.class);
            bar = (Double) javascriptEngine.eval("Test.js", 0, 0, "foo + 1;");
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("declareBean() test failed", e));
        }

        assertEquals(new Double(2), bar);
    }

    public void testUndeclareBean() {
        final Double foo = new Double(1);
        Double bar = null;

        try {
            bsfManager.declareBean("foo", foo, Double.class);
            bsfManager.undeclareBean("foo");
            bar = (Double) javascriptEngine.eval("Test.js", 0, 0,
                                                 "foo + 1");
        }
        catch (final BSFException bsfE) {
            // Do nothing. This is the expected case.
        }
        catch (final Exception e) {
            fail(failMessage("undeclareBean() test failed", e));
        }

        assertNull(bar);
    }
}


text:
Ост может означать:
 Ост () — восток (сторона света), один из 32 румбов.
 ОСТ (ОХСТ) — общество художников-станковистов, основанное в 1925 году в Москве.
 ОСТ — оригинальный саундтрек (), продаваемый отдельно от того материала, к которому был написан.
 Ост — металлургический комбинат в Айзенхюттенштадте.

 ОСТ — отраслевой стандарт
 ОСТ — Общесоюзный стандарт (с 1925 по 1968 год)
 ОСт — Отдел стандартизации — структурное подразделение предприятия.
 «ОСТ» — российская группа компаний.
 План «Ост» () — план Третьего Рейха против СССР.
 ОСТ — энзим олигосахаридтрансфераза (см. Олигосахарид).
 Ост — коммуна во французском департаменте Мозель региона Лотарингия.
 Ост — официальное название на Французском языке города Аосты.

Персоналии
 Ост, Альфред (1884—1945) — бельгийский художник.
 Ост, Изабелль (род. 1988) — немецкая конькобежка.
 Ост, Якоб ван (англ.) (1600—1671) — фламандский живописец.
 Ост, Якоб ван (младший) (англ.) (1637—1713) — фламандский живописец, сын и ученик предыдущего.

Прочее
 Зильт-Ост — коммуна в Германии.
 Ост-рубль — оккупационная валюта 1-й Мировой войны.
 Ост-ин-Эдхил — город, придуманный Толкиеном.

См. также
 Норд-Ост
 Ост-Индия
 OST (латиницей)

Примечания

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
YOUR TRAVEL GUIDE TO AUSTRALIA
Best of Australia
Australia destination
Australia Guide
Driving Around
Atherton Tablelands took its name from John Atherton, a man who used to live here in 1870. This town is located in Queensland region, has an abundant wildlife and beautiful crater lakes, settled in an agricultural area.
Adelaide Festival of Arts
This is one of the most important Festival of Art celebrated in Australia each year and it takes place in Adelaide the "Festival City". The Adelaide Festival Centre where is held this festival was opened in 1977 and is located to the north of Parliament House.
Dolphins at Monkey Mia
To visit Monkey Mia for seeing and feeding dolphins is without a doubt a very beautiful experience that you'll never forget. The most important thing is that dolphins are not trapped, they come daily and visit this place.
Bondi Beach is one of the most famous beaches in Australia and is located at the east part of Sydney, 7km away. This gorgeous beach is a very crowded point on summer time, most visited by surfers and tourists from different parts of the world.
Uluru is considered sacred by aboriginal people and is part of the Uluru - Kata Tjuta National Park, it's a sandstone rock formation located in Northern Territory and is also known as Ayers Rock, this huge roch has approx. a circumference of 9 km and its color varies according to the position of the sun.
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We got a call on Tuesday, October 9, 2018 from the Medical Director of the Specialist Hospital, Obangede, Dr. Oluwadairo Ade. A baby had been born at 28 weeks weighing 0.9KG and was being managed at the hospital. The little girl was born aftermath of the death of her twin in utero.
Everything seemed to be under control and there was no need for an emergency assessment visit. Tiny Beating Hearts kickstarted an intervention through the Maternity Ward of the Zonal Hospital, Okene, which is a partner on our support project.
By the Friday, October 12, 2018, a team of 6 arrived at the Specialist Hospital to visit to see the baby and assess the condition of both mother and child.
We had been told before the visit that the baby was doing well and would have been discharged but for the expediency of ensuring she got her first shots of immunization to prevent the risk of exposing her to any complications that might arise from infection due to her low immunity. The team met the mother and her baby sitting on the porch of the hospital in a Kangaroo Mother Care position.
After preliminary discussions with the Dr. Ade and Matron Regina Esan, we were ushered into the room where the new mother had taken her baby to still in the KMC position. We were pleased with the progress the baby had made and the addition in her weight from 0.9KG to 1.05KG in a matter of days. The need for the mother to feed well was unanimously agreed upon and that seemed to be the only challenge at the time as the mother was from a family which could not afford to take care of a mother caring for a premature baby. It was therefore best to have baby still in the hospital where the hygiene of her environment was guaranteed to be high and support is being provided for the baby to get optimal nutrition.
As is customary and in line with the vision of TBHI, the team led by the Executive Director spoke with the mother giving words of encouragement and hope. The team also spoke about the need for family planning for Rahimat Ojo and her husband as a result of her history of multiple pregnancies.
Give her a name, already!
Describing the benefits of naming a child especially as it improves bonding, the team wondered why she was still called 'baby' and encouraged to give her a name. This got us a smile from the mother who we knew found the experience a little bit overwhelming but nonetheless grateful to the tremendous support she was getting from the hospital staff who treated her like family and TBHI.
Six days after TBHI's visit, our baby now weighs 1.5KG. We are happy with her progress and know that the time for her immunizations is close.