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PFAS Chemicals Found in Drinking Water in Dozens of Cities
'Surprising' Number of Cancer Survivors Use Alcohol
CTE: Tau Tracer Disappoints in PET-to-Autopsy Case Report
Washington-Watch > Washington Watch
CMS Gives Industry More Time on Sunshine Rule
by Emily P. Walker Emily P. Walker, Washington Correspondent, MedPage Today December 15, 2011
WASHINGTON -- The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has pushed back the deadline by which drug and device makers must begin the process of reporting financial relationships with doctors and teaching hospitals.
Under the "Physician Payment Sunshine" provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), drug, medical device, biologic, and medical equipment manufacturers are required to begin collecting data on financial relationships with doctors and hospitals starting on Jan. 1, 2012, and to report the relationships to CMS by March 31, 2013.
But in a proposed rule issued this week, CMS said that industry can skip that Jan. 1 deadline.
CMS was supposed to have already released its proposed rule, collected public comments, and published a final rule. But because the proposed rule wasn't published until this week, industry will most likely have until later in 2012 to begin collecting the data.
CMS said that it may still require companies to report at least a partial list of financial ties on March 31, 2013.
The Sunshine provisions apply to companies that make products covered by Medicare, Medicaid, or the Children's Health Insurance Program. The companies must report all payments made to doctors and hospitals. The government will post the information on a public website.
The law requires disclosure of payments for food, entertainments, gifts, consulting fees, honoraria, research funding or grants, education or conference funding, royalties or licenses, and charitable contributions.
Medical companies, as well as group purchasing organizations (GPOs), will also have to report stock ownership and investments held by doctors.
The new law is meant to offer transparency to patients.
"If your doctor is taking money from manufacturers of prescription drugs or suppliers of wheelchairs or other devices, you deserve to know about it," said Peter Budetti, MD, CMS deputy administrator for Program Integrity, said in a press release.
Such payments can "introduce conflicts of interests that may influence research, education, and clinical decision-making in ways that compromise clinical integrity and patient care, and may lead to increased healthcare costs," the proposed rule said.
Under the sunshine provisions in ACA, companies that violate the reporting requirement could face up to $150,000 for failing to report money and gifts to doctors, and up to $1 million for deliberately failing to report "transfers of value."
The rules were issued one day before a planned hearing in the Senate Special Committee on Aging, which was called to discuss the delay in the regulations. As a result, the hearing was postponed.
CMS will accept comments on the proposed rule until Feb. 17, 2012, and will respond to them in a final rule to be published in 2012.
2011-12-15T18:24:10-0500
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Workers' Comp Attorney Settlement in Troy, MI - The Law Offices of Charters, Tyler, Zack & Shearer, P. C.
According to the National Safety Council, every 7 seconds a worker is injured on the job. With this frequency of injury, it is important to know your Workers' Compensation rights in the case of an injury or death. If you are injured on the job while working to support you and your family, you deserve to continue to be financially and medically supported throughout the recovery process.
If you are injured as a result of your workplace or while on the job, you may be entitled to a Workers Comp attorney settlement. The Michigan Workers' Disability Compensation Act states that workers injured on the job are eligible to receive compensation that includes the wages missed during recovery, medical care for the injury, and rehabilitation costs. However, this process has become very complicated, and it is often nearly impossible to receive the benefits you are entitled too without the legal assistance of a dedicated Workers' Compensation attorney.
Don't let an inexperienced attorney tell you that you do not need legal assistance unless your benefits are denied or dismissed. Instead, it is critical to have a trusted attorney who can help you throughout this complicated process, from beginning to end. The law offices of The Law Offices of Charters, Tyler, Zack & Shearer P.C. have over 40 years of experience in Workers' Compensation rights and will help advise and guide you through the Workers Comp attorney settlement process as easily as possible.
You deserve to focus on your recovery or rehabilitation, instead of worrying about expensive medical bills piling up or the wages you missed while out of work. We want to help you receive the benefits you are entitled to by state and federal laws.


It may look like a magic wand given by the fairy godmother in fairy tales but it surely additionally has limitations. There must be one thing left on the picture so that the experts might restore it. Negatives alone will do to help them cutout image in the photo. The science behind this system could make a picture look truly different. Depending on what the client like, the service supplier could remove pointless backgrounds in the process of a photo cutout. This can give more impact on the image left on the paper.
Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 comes with plenty of gorgeous features. You may entry and share your content from extra locations. It isn't like that you must carry out your task by simply sitting on your desk. You'll be able to accomplish your job from the Web and even from your smartphone while working on PowerPoint 2010. With Microsoft PowerPoint Web App you may widen your PowerPoint experience to the browser.
The 3.5-pound 3100MP DLP (digital light processing) projectors is designed to let salespeople make displays and then hit the highway once more. Or it may be used in company convention rooms, then stored in an out-of-the-approach location. A small variety of firms or even customers may use the machine to play movies or view multimedia displays.


Are Martial Arts a Waste of Time?
Sometimes, I really wonder about this. At the end of the day, it all comes down to simply being aware. Aware of your surroundings. Aware of higher threat environments, times and places. Aware of indicators of someone about to launch an attack or start a fight and know when that attack is inevitable.
If awareness is there, all you need to do is avoid the high risk areas, and if a possible threat has been detected, leave that area. And if you cannot avoid the threat and have detected it early enough, you have denied the attacker the element of surprise and it is up to you who has the initiative now.
You can try some simple de-escalation strategies such as non aggressive posture and keep them at a safe distance by using what is commonly called 'the fence'. And if they press with their intent to attack, just go in hard and continue your attack until the threat has stopped. Do not give them a chance to regather themselves and come at you again.
Attack, all of a sudden. Surprise THEM. YOU want the element of surprise. YOU want the initiative in the encounter. These simple things will greatly increase your chances of emerging unscathed.
It doesn't matter how good your technique is, if you don't know the fundamentals of Low Tech Combat, the whole house of cards is going to fall down right when you need it.
All you need really, is some street smarts. Know the high risk times and places. Know what to look for to detect a robbery or assault attempt. Know how to talk and de-escalate a situation if that is possible. And if it comes to it, just sucker punch the attacker or something similar then press your attack.
So are martial arts a waste of time? Do they adequately prepare people for the real thing? Is there a simpler way?
A follow up post to this one can be read titled The Sucker Punch and Cheap Shots.


Thank you, Kevin! Exquisite editing! I'm not sure but I think the horizontal resolution of pictures is wrongly set, like they were re-scaled from 16:9 to 4:3.
I am not sure about the photos, they did look a tad off. I use Corel PaintShop Pro to resize, and it is suppose to auto detect the ratio when resizing. I did open another copy, manually set the ratio to 16:9 and they look the same.
They are a tad off indeed. Thanks for trying! I just check the source and they are fine on Google photos. I'm being troublesome, huh?
A most impressive build of the Iconic Mig-15.The decision to use the Romanian markings really makes the Mig standout all the more.
Eduard really did quite an excellent job designing and molding the cockpit. It really looks quite good.
Thank you, Joel! Yes, it's a gem of a kit. I bought already a new one which intend to make it also with Romanian markings but three tone camo this time. The Romanians used them until '90 as meteo recon planes.
I have them but won't be able to get to them till tomorrow.
Thank you for your efforts. There is no change on my screen whatsoever. I guess I have to live with it.


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Comunicatori italiani nel mondo
Gentiloni: "Italy cannot close its doors on Russia" (La Stampa)
Minister Gentiloni, it is not so quiet along the European Union's eastern frontiers: there has just been an EU summit in Kiev, and you are scheduled to be there on Tuesday. The many heads of state expected at the EXPO include Vladimir Putin. At what point is the Ukraine question?
«The situation in Ukraine is very fragile; the accord forged by Merkel and Hollande is holding on the level of the ceasefire, but it was only two weeks ago that agreement was achieved on the definition of heavy weaponry, so as to complete the withdrawal».
What are you going to say to Poroshenko?
«That Italy supports Kiev, and that Kiev must do what is necessary, painful economic and constitutional reforms must include autonomy for Donbass. This is also important because a certain Anglo-Saxon media are painting us as hesitant when, on the contrary, we have always fully done our part. Italy has led NATO patrols in the Baltic skies and correctly applied sanctions on Russia, what's more paying a heavy price. But we believe that it is essential not to close the doors on Russia».
Let's go on to Putin's visit to EXPO. Will he meet with Renzi?
«The date has not yet been set, but surely there will be a meeting. Without pretending that it is possible to go back to a pre-Ukraine crisis situation, it is necessary to keep the channels open with Moscow. The role that Russia already plays in the management of international crises is evident, from the Iranian nuclear accord to the most dramatic crisis going on, that of Syria; and they could also be useful in Libya».
On the other hand, don't we risk leaving Moscow in the hands of Beijing, to which Putin ran as soon as the sanctions were approved? Does it worry you that the Chinese defence minister has announced joint military exercises with the Russians in the Mediterranean?
«No. It doesn't worry me. It needs to be taken for what it is: a message. The announcement coincided with Japanese Premier Shinzo Abe's visit to Washington, which led to strengthened Japanese-American cooperation, including military. Moreover, there is China's desire to show their navy is capable of going the distance: they are to place two frigates and a mother ship in the Mediterranean; but a strategic anti-Western alliance between Russia and China is improbable in my view».
After Kiev you will go on to Warsaw - to remind a major northern nation that beyond the Baltic there is also the Mediterranean, the sea of death for migrants?
«The Polish are well aware of that, but there is certainly the risk that each of the EU's 28 members sees, and tends to deal only with, the crisis in its own back yard».
Apropos of that, wasn't it a strategic error for Italy to have accepted replacement of Mare Nostrum with the smaller Triton mission, to then have to ask the EU for greater involvement and more money?
«That debate seems to me to skirt the seriousness of the problem. Nothing has changed from one mission to the other if not the theoretical range of operations. Ninety per cent of the migrants continue to be rescued at sea by the Italian Coast Guard and Navy well beyond the theoretical range of both missions. Those desperate refugees fleeing wars and misery are certainly not capable of measuring the difference between Frontex and other missions. The point is that almost everything rests on our shoulders. Europe has, to share this responsibility and the summit that Renzi called for did produce an initial response».
It's not going to be enough to stop the boatloads from Libya, against which you have called for a police operation. Will the UN approve that?
«We await an answer from New York; the draft of a resolution proposed by Italy will be discussed over the coming 10 ten days. As with all the issues put to the Security Council, it is not going to be easy. I recently spoke of this in Beijing with the Chinese foreign minister, and noted some openness. We do not consider this the solution, but it is one step closer to stopping the human trafficking; another point, and this one is very complex, is the stabilisation of Libya. UN envoy Bernardino Leon will be holding meetings on Tuesday in Rome with the main Western governments to examine the negotiations. The common feeling is that an accord is needed by the start of Ramadan in mid-June».
Things are no less complex in Europe. The spectre of "Brexit" looms over the elections to be held in the UK on Thursday: if Cameron wins, there is the risk — as even the Economist has acknowledged — of a disastrous UK withdrawal from the EU.
«I agree. An EU without the UK is unthinkable, and would be a disaster for the UK as well. The City is what it is because the English economy is tied to that of Europe; it would be impossible to pull out of the EU and maintain the same force of attraction. As a PD leader, I am rooting for Miliband; but as foreign minister I believe that, whether Cameron or Miliband, whoever is able to form a government must be aware that leaving the EU is not an option ».
Diplomazia Economica


As of Tomato USB build 41, it is now possible to set up Tomato USB as an OpenVPN appliance using only the web-based GUI. It is no longer necessary to issue shell commands, or to echo quoted certificates and config files using a shell script.
This Tutorial shows how to set up an OpenVPN Server on Tomato USB and clients on either Desktop PCs or another router.
First, install the "mini" version of DD-WRT. (Current filename: dd-wrt.v24_mini_generic.bin ) Then, install the "vpn" version of Tomato USB that has OpenVPN support. (Current filename: tomato-1.27-NDUSB-9044MIPSR2-beta07-vpn3.6.trx ) For other routers, use the appropriate bin files and installation procedure, as per the Tomato USB website.
For more detailed instructions please see the Tomato USB Installation section.
You will need the OpenVPN software installed on your computer, as it is used to create all the needed certificates.
See steps below for "how to" download/install/use OpenVPN on your computer, or visit http://openvpn.net/index.php/documentation/howto.html for the general official guide.
You must execute the commands as root.
Before you run the source vars command you may wish to edit some of the export lines. KEY_SIZE, KEY_COUNTRY, KEY_PROVINCE, KEY_CITY, KEY_ORG, KEY_EMAIL are probably the only export variables you should mess with. Please note: if you change KEY_SIZE it must be done before running source vars.
source var - will run the vars script and export the vars variables all the way to the command prompt.
So long as you dont change anything in the vars file, you can come back and run the ./build-key ClientX command at any time, in order to create keys for one more client to connect to your OpenVPN (Tomato USB Server) server.
in the text files. That is, include the two -BEGIN/END CERTIFICATE- lines. Do not paste all the descriptive stuff above that section.
NOTE: The following commands will make it easier to copy text from the files stored in /usr/share/doc/openvpn/examples/easy-rsa/2.0/keys to the web-GUI of Tomato USB Server.
This a configuration file for a Desktop OpenVPN Client to connect to the server.
# Keep trying indefinitely to resolve the host name of the OpenVPN server.  Useful for machines which are not permanently connected to the internet such as laptops.
# The persist options will try to avoid accessing certain resources on restart that may no longer be accessible because of the privilege downgrade.
This is the configuration for an OpenVPN Client running on another Tomato USB box.


Quality-made, birch wood wrist roller, available in cylinder or sphere, for improving grip strength and endurance.
Handmade in the USA from birch wood. Cylinder model includes two diameters, 1" and 2.5", and together with sphere-shaped model, allow user to choose which area of wrist/forearm/hand to focus on strengthening. Seller is currently including two free water weights with purchase.
In the expensive range for this type of product.
Sturdily constructed of solid steel and nylon mesh and rope, this wrist roller can also be used to build hand and forearm strength.
Features tear-resistant, soft, padded foam handles for better grip and to lessen hand fatigue, as well as strong nylon webbing strap for safety. Works with most standard weight plates. Use of product helps athletic performance in other sports, like tennis, golf, baseball, wrestling, etc. 60-Day money back guarantee if not satisfied, plus 1-year manufacturer's warranty.
Bolt that keeps weight plates secured to strap appear to come loose occasionally. Use with caution to avoid weights dropping onto feet or toes.
Simple design, durable steel wrist roller that works with easily attachable 1" plates.
Constructed durably with steel bar. Padded foam grip provides increased comfort and minimizes hand fatigue. Easily attach and use with standard 1" weights. Up to 100 lb. weigh capacity, for building strength in grip and forearm.
Some purchasers found foam grip comes loose from metal bar when used with heavier weights.
Solid, injection-molded wrist roller with special features to improve its effectiveness in helping build strength of wrist/hand/forearm.
Injection molded handle is durable and offers many gripping options to work a variety of forearm muscle sets (ranges of motion). Rubber gripper minimizes slipping. Strong and adjustable webbing strap has center guide to maintain strap in proper position for consistent weight balance during exercise. Easy to attach weights using handy weight pin. Compatible with 1" or 2" weight plates.
Some users found that metal clip holding strap did not hold up when using higher weights.
Black-and-chrome wrist roller for hand/wrist/forearm strengthening, very reasonably priced.
Padded foam handle offers comfort grip and minimizes hand fatigue. Durable steel bar construction; bar doesn't slip, even when using heavy weights. Works with all standard weight plates. Great training tool for improved performance in a variety of sports, or as a rehabilitation tool.
Grips appear to come loose with use, and may need to be reinforced with tape or glue at home.
When you picture a strong body, you probably think of rock-hard abs and bulging biceps. But in order to be truly fit, you need to remember all of your muscles, especially the ones that help you work out harder. If you want to reach maximum intensity while lifting weights, you need strong forearms, and the best way to build strong forearms is with a wrist roller.
The best wrist roller is durable and simple to use. It must securely fasten so there is no danger of the weight plates slipping off during your workout. A wrist roller should have a comfortable grip and be flexible enough to offer a variety of hand positions so you can experience a comprehensive workout.
If you'd like to learn how the forearm muscles work and why a wrist roller is so important, keep reading. If you're ready to start gaining muscle mass and just want to purchase the best model, consider one of the options we've listed in this article.
Raising a weight with an overhand grip and twisting your wrist roller clockwise places the focus on your flexors. Twisting counterclockwise with an overhand grip works out your extensors.
Like many areas of your body, your forearms have two sets of opposing muscles: flexors and extensors. You use flexors to decrease the angle of a joint. For example, making a fist and bending your elbow to show off your bicep is flexing. Alternatively, you use extensors to increase the angle of a joint. When you straighten your arm and open your fist, you're using the extensor muscles in your forearm.
When using a wrist roller, if the resistance happens when you're moving your knuckles toward your forearm, you're working your flexor muscles. If the resistance happens when you're moving your knuckles away from your forearm, you're working your extensor muscles. To have an effective forearm workout, you need to train both sets of muscles.
The benefit of having strong forearms is a strong grip, which in the gym is essential. The strength of your grip is directly related to how hard you can train. If you have a weak grip, you won't be able to effectively (and safely) hold and control a barbell that is loaded with weight plates. As far as everyday uses, strengthening your forearms will not only help you make a better first impression with a firm handshake but it will also allow you to open all those stubborn jars unaided.
If you need a thicker grip, wrap your wrist roller with athletic tape to increase the difficulty level.
A wrist roller might seem like a simple device – a line attached to some weights that you roll up using a bar – but there are several design nuances you need to consider to be certain you're getting a quality item.
There are two types of wrist rollers: handheld and mounted.
Handheld: A handheld wrist roller is supported by the user and is the most prevalent type on the market. It's portable and easy to use, and it doesn't require any additional items (besides the weights).
Mounted: A mounted wrist roller is desirable because it better isolates the forearms during a workout. As the name implies, however, this type of wrist roller needs to be mounted – even if only temporarily – so, for many users the lack of portability and versatility outweighs the positives.
Almost all wrist rollers require the user to attach weight to a line, which is then rolled up and down like a slow yo-yo for an intense workout. Although they are harder to find, there are wrist rollers that don't require weights. These devices look like a short bar with two hand grips. A built-in resistance control allows you to dial up the intensity level of your workout. These units are portable and extremely versatile, but they can cost up to three times more than the other designs.
The weight capacity of your wrist roller tells you what the upper limit of your workout will be. Some can only support small, one-inch weight plates and have a maximum load of 20 pounds. Others have a more durable line and carabiner and are safe up to 300 pounds, which is far more weight than you'll need.
You need to be able to comfortably hold a wrist roller for it to be effective. If you're using an underhand grip and the bar is hurting your hands, you'll stop your reps before your muscles are fully fatigued. Additionally, wrist roller grips must be nonslip. One of the most dangerous things that can happen is for the wrist roller and attached weight plates to slip from your grasp in the middle of a set.
Higher-end wrist rollers have a dual-line design that ensures the center of gravity stays in the center of the bar. This will help you keep the wrist roller level during strenuous workouts.
The more durable the materials, the safer the wrist roller. This includes the bar, carabiner, and line.
Inexpensive: You can purchase a budget model for under $10, but the quality and durability might be dangerously low. Unless you uncover a true gem, you'll want to avoid these models.
Mid-range: Durable models that cost about $18 to $27 are typically a bar with a center spool that connects to one-inch weight plates. Be careful to read the specifications on these models because the overall weight limit might not be as much as you need.
Expensive: The higher-end wrist rollers start at around $38 and can cost as much as $58. For value in this range, look for the strongest, most durable materials, a wider variety of grips, included weights, and a dual-line connecting the weights to the bar.
Using a wrist roller is as impactful for your forearms as doing barbell squats is beneficial for your legs.
Only move your wrists. Your wrists should be the only part of your body moving during a forearm workout. Wrist rolling takes both hands, but only one hand works at a time. While one hand is rolling, the other is holding the wrist roller steady.
Use correct form. Holding the wrist roller at your waist with your elbows slightly bent is the best position to work your forearms. To help further isolate your forearm muscles, you can rest your elbows on a sturdy surface. If you hold your arms out parallel to the floor at shoulder height, the exercise will be more intense, but you will be engaging other muscles and taking the focus off forearm development.
Do each set nonstop. Don't allow the weights to touch the floor because this allows you to rest during your sets. The exercise is to be performed up and down. Don't just drop the weight when you get to the top – let it down slowly, keeping the wrist roller parallel to the floor.
Work out often. Since forearms can be trained often, you will want to work them at least three times every week doing both flexion and extension exercises.
Work at your limit. To see the most improvement, forearm exercises shouldn't be easy. Vary your grip and spacing and always strive for maximum range of motion to achieve the best results.
If you allow the wrist roller to simply unwind after you get the weight to the top, you're only doing half the exercise. The weight's descent should be as slow and controlled as the ascent.m.
We've spotlighted a number of highly rated wrist rollers in this article. However, since designs can vary greatly between models, we wanted to provide you with a few options that offer a variation on the traditional design. The Pellor Weight-Bearing Pulley and Forearm Wrist Trainer can be suspended overhead to offer maximum range of motion, and the heavy-duty design can support up to 330 pounds. The IronMind Twist Yo' Wrist is the size of a yo-yo, so you must clasp the sides – not a bar – and keep your arms in tight to raise and lower the weight. The included carabiner supports weights up to 300 pounds. If you have a larger budget and prefer a wrist roller that uses resistance, not weights, the Sidewinder Pro Plus might be the answer for you. The unit is designed to be portable and extremely versatile, offering a seemingly limitless variety of grips and positions.
Don't be embarrassed. The first time you use a wrist roller you might only be able to use ten pounds (or less).
Q. Why is it so hard to bulk up my forearms?
A. Your forearm muscles are already accustomed to frequent usage. Every time you grab, carry, squeeze, or twist something, for instance, you're using those muscles. In order to effectively work them out to the point of increasing muscle mass, you need to target and engage those flexors and extensors using a weight that is heavier than you encounter in your day-to-day life.
Q. Besides increasing the weight, is there any other way to increase the difficulty?
A. There are several ways to increase the difficulty and effectiveness of a wrist-roller workout. You can increase the repetitions, increase the sets, stand on a platform to increase the distance of each roll, space your hands farther apart, or add thickness to your wrist roller.
Q. What's the problem with holding my arms out parallel to the floor at shoulder height when using a wrist roller?


Bitter cold here in Virginia, with -1 degree yesterday, at 5 am, and 6 above zero early this morning. I've been busy working on the garden & growing plan for this year, plan A, plan B, and also taking care of the goats and poultry.
For the most part, animals here are doing okay in the snow and cold, but they don't get to range with snow on the ground.
Not that any of the birds want to come outside when I open the doors to the coops!
And the goats and donkeys are not happy in this weather, but are doing okay, except for one extremely old guy who is having a tough time. He's blind and today he was limping, so I took Guy into the only really warm farm space, the greenhouse, just for a temporary stay to get him out of the weather.
Normally I would not do this, but there are no plantings right now except for a few pots of parsley which have been placed on high shelves, so it's okay for him to stay in for just a bit until we get out of single digits. I put on my dupont tyvek protective coveralls There's a run in on the farm with good shelter, actually three, but the other goats push him around so much that he doesn't get the same protection.
Guy's major goal in life is to eat grass (that's his job here on the farm, too) and he's now busy nibbling on the fresh green grass sprouting up here and there through the gravel floor of the greenhouse.
What a good feeling to be inside the greenhouse and feel the warmth of the sun.


I saw this vase three weeks ago at TJ Maxx and loved it but told myself that I didn't need it. Where would I put it? Plus Mr. H would probably sigh and roll his eyes at me for bringing home yet another thing to clutter our table tops. I went back to TJ Maxx a week later and saw it again. My heart wanted it, but my head said I didn't need it and my head won again.
This past Friday I visited TJ Maxx once again and it was still there looking elegant but this time it was on the clearance table and I still told myself I didn't need it. Well, since Friday afternoon all I've been able to see on other blogs were beautiful Chinoiserie vases. I couldn't stop thinking about it so Saturday night I made up my mind that I was going back Sunday morning to bring it home.
Sunday morning I took a deep breath and told Mr. H "There's this vase that I found at TJ Maxx that I really liked but I talked myself out of buying it...." before I could even finish he said, "Good job!" but I continued, "I've been talking myself out of it for the last three weeks but I've decided to be honest with myself and follow my heart and go bring it home." Maybe I didn't say the follow my heart part because then I really would have gotten an eye roll but he did take me to go get it! Once at TJ, I raced to the clearance table and as I rounded the corner, I was thinking, "I hope it's still there, I hope it's still there." And it was!
Here it is in our foyer.
We decided to style our foyer in a black and white theme. The photo of the Eiffel Tower (bottom left) was taken by my very good friend Julie. We loved it so much that we printed and framed it. Just look at the lighting! Believe it or not, it was taken on her iPhone!
The other two were taken by Mr. H himself. One is of a soldier in Tiananmen Square taken on a trip to Beijing a few years ago and the other is of a snowy night here in Denver. If you'd like to see more photography by Mr. H you can visit his blog at The FilmYears.Blogspot.Com. Now I'll go back to admiring my beautiful new vase.
I love the vase! Your foyer is coming together really well... I simply LOVE the photos!
Hi Sophie! Thanks so much for your great comment about the vase and photos! So happy that you stopped by!
Oh I LOVE it! I can talk myself into anything, but 3rd times a charm! I always rationalize that if its still there, it is meant to be mine. ( a sickness I know!) Love the black and white theme and those photos! I didn't know your hubs was a photographer? They are stunning!
4 visits to TJ's and it was still there - you are one lucky girl! It looks lovely in the foyer.
I say this little vase was meant to live at your house. Four visits and on sale...yes, it was waiting for you to take it home.
Your black and white photos are beautiful.
I think the vase looks beautiful. I always give myself a day to think before purchasing something. If I'm still thinking about an item after a night's sleep - i'll go and get it.
Black and white... Always up to date, never ending story. Elegant! I think, the vase is on the right place. Have a nice day.
What gorgeous photography!! I'm going to go check out your husband's blog next. I'm glad you got your vase! The story made me laugh because it sounded just like so many conversations I've had with my husband! And they always seem to go just like that, him praising me when I tell him how I stayed strong and resisted a purchase, and then me gulping and having to follow that up with "but I changed my mind..." lol. It looks fabulous in your gorgeous foyer!
Following you too- glad to find your blog!
Hi Brooke, I always think if only he knew about all the other things I've resisted purchasing and didn't change my mind on! Thanks so much for visiting and for the follow! Have a fantastic day!
That vase was meant for your space! The black and white photographies are perfect.
That covered vase is so meant for your foyer, Khammany!! I love the stories behind each photo. So special and beautiful.
that vase is incredible! what a beautiful space you created!
I love that vase! I was so afraid you were going to say you went back and it was gone! It looks fabulous in your entry with all those black and white photos! I am going to check out your husbands blog!
I would have definitely bought that vase Khammany, it is an antique of the future, perfectly designed.
I was looking at your other half's photography. He is so talented, as are you. A great eye for design and form. I am so enjoying reading your blogs.
I'm so glad you got the white vase because it is lovely. You know, black and white is one of my favorite color combinations. Black and White photos are so special to me. I took a Black and White Photography class many years ago. I didn't know you lived in Denver. Jess just took a trip to Aspen, and said it was magical.
You know, if there is something you can't get out of your head for weeks it was meant to be yours! Thanks for following me, I'm following you now too!
That is a LOVELY vase! And you usually see them in blue in white (gorgeous!) but I think the white will serve you well at any time of the year; imagine it somewhere in your home during the holidays? That's what's great about white...you can use other colors with it.
I thank you kindly for coming to visit my blog last night! LOVE: THE GREATEST OF ALL....we can live on that, right?
Your vase is so pretty. How lucky for you that it finally went on clearance. What a pretty vignette and love the black and white photos! So nice of you to visit and follow me and I'm happy to return the follow!
I agree with Suzan; I was captivated by all three black and white photos. Each sets the mood and tells its own story.
Thank you SO much for visiting me over in France. I'm very glad we 'met'!
I love your jar and it fits perfectly in your foyer. The photographs your husband took are absolutely amazing.
yah! I'm so glad you got that vase! I was hoping didn't try to go back and get it and it was GONE! it looks fabulous in your foyer. and that photography is to die for! I can't believe your friend took that one photo with her iphone. and your Mr. H is truly talented. So great to have you as a new follower. I'm following you back, girl!
So glad you got your vase! I kept thinking it was going to gone. The photography in your foyer is beautiful!


text:
Lamprey Eel Barrier Installed In Notre-Dame-de-Stanbridge Quebec
Controlling the Vampires of the Pike River
Story and photos by Robert J. Galbraith/May 2014
Last summer, episodes of the block-buster weekly television series, 'River Monsters' aired around the world on public television. One particularly squeamish episode entitled 'Vampires of the Deep' documented attacks on humans by sea lamprey eels in Lake Champlain. These disgusting, non-native, 2-foot-long, blood-sucking eels, invaded our waterways accidentally from Europe over 50 years ago, when ships returning from Europe emptied their ballast water into the St Lawrence River and the Great Lakes.
But it wasn't only water they were releasing from their ballasts; that same water contained lamprey eels, a non-native, invasive species which spread unabated to literally every large body of water in North America, including Lake Champlain and the Richelieu River. These parasites would eventually end up devastating the commercial freshwater fishing and sport fishing industry in the Great Lakes and other large bodies of water on the continent, at a cost of hundreds-of-millions-of-dollars and still counting.
Many of us old enough to remember, first heard about the existence of lamprey eels during 16-year-old Marilyn Bell's swim across Lake Ontario in September 1954, when the Canadian swimming hero had to pause to have lamprey eels (which only come out to prey on fish at night) that had attached to her to suck her blood, pulled from her legs and arms. She eventually completed the swim after 21 hours, becoming the first person to complete this amazing feat.
Because of the devastation brought about by the presence of sea lampreys, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) officials have been trying to control the parasite for over 40 years by applying a chemical lampricide treatment; a type of chemical agent used in U.S. waterways to kill the young eels before they mature and reproduce.
Last month, as part of this eradication process, the USFWS inaugurated a lamprey eel barrier (the first of its kind east of the Great Lakes) in Notre-Dame-de-Stanbridge, on Morpion Creek, a tributary of the Pike River. The innovative barrier impedes the lampreys from swimming upstream to breed while letting other fish species pass unimpeded. There were well over 100 officials and local residents at the well-attended launch in Notre-Dame, which was a great success and showed that the local community is seriously concerned about their health and the environment.
The barrier project cost $1.5 million to plan and construct, with funding coming from the U.S. Great Lakes Fishery Commission, but without any funding from Quebec where the barrier is located. However, in the grand scheme of things, $1.5 million is mere pittance compared to the damage the eel (which is actually a species of fish and related to the eel family) causes to the fishing and tourism industry of the Lake Champlain region.
Lamprey eel barrier on Pike River in Quebec, Canada.
The barrier will address the last of the uncontrolled populations of sea lampreys in the Champlain Basin; that of the Pike River. All other lamprey spawning grounds in the Basin's streams and rivers are under treatment and eel numbers are slowly dropping. It is hoped that in 5-6 years, the lamprey problem on the Pike will be eradicated and Lake Champlain can recover from the devastation caused by the blood-lusting vampires.
With an overall economic impact of $200 million dollars for the lake region, officials estimate that lamprey eels' destructive ways take a $20-$40 million chunk out of that economy each year. After all, who wants to go on vacation and catch a trout or salmon with an eel stuck onto its belly, sucking the fish to death; or seeing the shotgun-like-blast-wound left behind on a trout from a lamprey hit? So the eel is a huge, huge factor in not only the environmental status of the lake but the economics of the region.
We must applaud the work of our American neighbors who had the foresight to conceive this barrier without any help from our embarrassing Quebec Ministry of Parks and Wildlife and Natural Resources, (or whatever this useless ministry calls itself now). It was the USFWS that deserves all the applause, along with the Lake Champlain Basin Committee, the Municipality of Notre-Dame and its very visionary mayor and council for agreeing to let the barrier be constructed in their village. There are others to be thanked like Senator Leahy and the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and I apologize if I have omitted others.
The Americans had been waiting for decades to have Quebec pull its weight on this international problem while the Lake Champlain economy south of Quebec took a free fall. And I'll tell you, they were not happy about it!
I remember driving over the Pike River Bridge about 12 years ago when I saw a handful of University of Vermont biologists using electronic wands to shock lamprey larvae along the rivers' shoreline as part of their study. When I introduced myself as a journalist, they asked me not to quote them and to photograph them from behind as they were not supposed to be in Quebec waters conducting a survey without provincial authorization. But they said that they were so fed up with those in Quebec who neglected the lamprey issue that they now don't even inform them of their research except when absolutely necessary. So they were "going it on their own as Quebec offered no help whatsoever."
The American researchers explained that every time they try to get a mutual agreement on anything dealing with the environment in the Lake Champlain region, they are dragged down and delayed beyond acceptance by the "political squabbling between Quebec and the federal government who can't seem to get along even for a moment." So rather than deal with the politically immature quicksand of Quebec and Canada, they work without them. Hence the lamprey barrier in Notre-Dame-de-Stanbridge was conducted without any Quebec ministerial input; (they stayed in the background). Our local MNA, Mr. Pierre Paradis (the Quebec agricultural minister) was nowhere to be seen (at least by me), at the launch of this international gathering.
Most of those who work in the agricultural industry are good people, but it only takes a few slobs, with a "fuck you" attitude, to spoil it and taint that greater majority of concerned farmers; those who are trying their very best to protect their children's future and the environment, as well as trying to make a living and feed the world. It is the politicians who have set farmer against concerned residents, in the honourless battle for their vote.
The province may tell you they were involved (as part of a politically correct facade) – but that's not the reality of this situation. In fact, this whole topic is an issue of embarrassment for the province and they preferred to sweep it under some rug (as they do with most environmental issues) and hope it never raised its head again. But it has, and now you know the ugly background details which the province didn't want you to know about.
The province will say they didn't want to use chemical lampricides because of their concern for the environment, but that was just an excuse for not doing anything at all. In Quebec, it is acceptable to legally plow your land right to the very edge of a body of water then stand back and watch the unimpeded flow of pesticides, herbicides, soil, fungicides, pig slurry, cow waste, phosphates, nitrates, raw sewage flow from the land and into our rivers and lakes; but the province wouldn't even consider using a lampricide, regardless of the hundreds of studies which show the positive effects far out ways the negative effects of using a lampricide? Ignorance is bliss isn't it?
The environmental cost of eradication these parasites upstream with a lampricide is peanuts compared to what occurs in the main lake. If Quebec would have done their homework (and their job) they would have understood why the Americans needed our help. We had abandoned our neighbours again.
It is not unusual to catch 10 trout or salmon, in the deeper part of the lake with 9 of the fish having a lamprey clinging to it or a hit mark from an eel. The ministry hid behind the shroud of not using a chemical as their reason for not acting on the situation and they ended up looking once again – like idiots, in environmental circles across North America!
Considering the above; isn't it somewhat humorous that in a province which up until just a couple of months ago was striving for independence from one country (Canada), then to allow another country to softly breach its sovereignty and install this barrier, wouldn't one think there would be an inkling of pride from Quebec in participating? Hell no! Damn the torpedoes! Storm the Bastille!!!
For the last 40-odd-years, Quebec has been trashed and gutted by the independence movement; not only economically but environmentally. The problems we see today with the blue-green algae and the lampreys or the huge poaching situation now present on Missisquoi Bay, are largely a result of the province turning its back on our right to a clean environment because the vision-less leaders felt it is better to be independent, even if our children have to drink poisoned water or have their lakes turn into parasite infested sewers.
Well now there is a new ruling party at the helm in La Belle Province. Will things change as a result of this Liberal sweep – I really doubt it? They are just as bad environmentally, or even worse than the Parti Quebecois ever were. Both parties have turned Quebec, on a world stage, into a banana republic when it comes to environmental concerns. The feds aren't much better either when it comes to environmental health and welfare.
Now it's time to push back! Are you ready to stand up for our democratic right to clean drinking water and a healthy future for our children? Well – sorry, but it's just not going to happen because our rulers cater to the polluters. It's only going to get worse.
Nothing has changed on Missisquoi Bay. Well actually, that's a little lie, things have changed – but for the worst. The algae problem has been the worse ever over the past few years and shows no sign of improvement. Third-world agricultural practices and a lack of policing of farming methods are largely responsible for this predicament and any regulations lack enforcement because of the political cost of taking on the UPA (agricultural lobby). Remember, this is the same lobby group who a former president of blamed the migrating Canada Geese and other waterfowl for the algae problem in our lake. "Earth to the UPA!!! Come in please!!!" This syndicate is the real power in our region and they run the show. When they shove – we fall down. Politicians are powerless to them. In fact, our elected officials might be considered slaves to the UPA.
If you run as a candidate and go up against them, their massive lobbying power will vote you out and someone who plays their game will be voted in. So there is a ton of money to be made from polluting and the blue green algae problem is a result of this – one sector of society drinks tainted water while the other profits from it – such a civilized society!
Professional poachers (like a Quebec version of Somali pirates) have taken over Missisquoi Bay because there is literally a skeleton crew of fish and game officers on patrol over the entire province and every poacher knows about it. But you don't see poachers on Memphremagog or Brome Lakes because former prime ministers and billionaires live there and they wouldn't put up with it. If you don't believe me, try launching your boat on Magog. Before you even get it in the water, the fish cops are checking you out for aquatic plants stuck under the hull or for licenses. I might see the fish cops on our bay a couple of times of year at best. There is no law on Missisquoi Bay, it's the wild, wild, West of fish poaching locations in Quebec.
Our society is broken by greed – and so is the environment and those who make decisions on preserving it. It's like two different worlds – that of the haves who profit from pollution – and that of the have not's – that is the rest of us. It's time to step out of our caves and become civilized again. Future generations of our children are counting on us.
It is also time that our elected officials realize that some of the people who voted for them, voted to have their rights protected, and not for someone who is a tool of a big industry. So if you are looking for any sanity in this discussion, don't hold your breath because the simple law of physics dictates that the politician caters to the majority who voted for him or her and since we live in an agricultural region – you can only expect things to get worse. If it hasn't improved in over 30 years but only gotten worse, why the hell would you expect it to improve with this recent changing of the guard?
Who said life was fair?
www.robertgalbraith.com


You are currently browsing the category archive for the 'Foundling Museum' category.
I thought you all would appreciate advance notice of the Foundling Hospital's next major exhibition. It is to be entitled, Fate, Hope and Charity, and will tell, for the first time the stores behind some of the Museum's most famous tokens. These tokens were left behind by foundling children's parents as identifiers.You may recall that the Threads of Feeling exhibition curated by Professor John Styles examined the fabric tokens that exist in the Museum's collection. This was fascinating and a well deserved critical success. Threads of Feeling will soon be on display at Colonial Williamsburg and I do hope many of you will take that opportunity to see it.
The forthcoming exhibition in London concentrates on the physical tokens, and you can see some of them above and below.
By reuniting the eighteenth century tokens with the foundlings to whom they belong, Fate, Hope & Charity uncovers stories, which are a testament to the grief of separation and ever lasting bond between a mother and her child. Tokens, small everyday objects, were left by mothers with their babies at the Foundling Hospital, which continues today as children's charity Coram. Left between c.1741 -1760, tokens were a means of identification should the mother ever return to reclaim her child. Hundreds of these small items were removed from the Hospital's admission records in the 1860s, severing links with their history-until now.
Now over 250 years later these incredible, heart wrenching stories are revealed. Each story offers a glimpse into the lives of the women in the eighteenth century who left their children at the Hospital. Most poignant of all is the story of Margaret Larney.
Under sentence of death in Newgate Prison in 1757, Margaret, falsely tried and found guilty of counterfeiting money, wrote a letter requesting the admission of her unborn child to the Foundling Hospital. Her newborn son was lucky and was admitted. Margaret was less fortunate. Immediately after the birth, she was taken to Tyburn where she was executed by "strangulation and burning"! Her astonishing letter of petition to the Hospital will be on display and is shown above.
Individual stories will be told through their tokens, which include coins, jewellery, buttons, poems, playing cards and a simple nut, together with art works and artefacts from the period. Many of the tokens address issues that are still current today; the hardship faced by military wives and widows and childbirth debates around the benefits of male doctors versus female midwives.
A chance meeting in 2005 in the Hospital archive united textile artist, Janette, and social historian Gillian, whose earlier work on the Foundlings includes the time they spent with foster families outside London. Through their exhaustive detective work, orphaned tokens have been reunited with their foundlings. The new research reveals fascinating information about the tokens themselves, the circumstances surrounding the mother's decision to give up her baby and the moving stories of the individual foundlings to whom the tokens belonged.
The Foundling Museum has also commissioned prominent artists, authors, songwriters and musicians to create new stories for these tokens in their chosen medium. Contributors will include artist, David Shrigley and DJ, poet and writer, Charlie Dark, folk group ,The Unthanks and poet and novelist, Jackie Kay. Collected in a special publication to coincide with the exhibition, these stories will shed new light on the small, poignant scraps of history that make up Fate, Hope & Charity which will be curated by Stephanie Chapman.
The Philpot Museum in Lyme Regis has recently announced an interesting programme of events for May and June this year. I thought you might be interested to hear of those that relate to Jane Austen.
This exhibition celebrates one of Lyme's famous sons, Thomas Coram, who established the Foundling Hospital in London. Hear voices of former pupils of the Foundling Hospital recounting life before, during and after their time in the institution. Stories range from the heartbreak of leaving foster families to laughter of recalled childhood mischief; from the excitement and fear of going out into the world at the age of fourteen, to meeting unknown brothers and sisters and finding love and happiness with families of their own. This touring exhibition from London's Foundling Museum will be in the ground floor gallery from 21 April to 31 May.
In conjunction with this exhibition on Thursday 5th May at 2.30 p.m., Anne Sankey will be giving a talk on Thomas Corum and the Foundling Hospital, again at the Philpot.
On Thursday 12 May at 2.30 p.m. Diana Shervington will be giving a light hearted talk entitled, JANE AUSTEN…WHY DIDN'T SHE MARRY? Diana Shervington is a Vice-President of the Jane Austen Society, and is a direct descendant of Jane Austen's brother, Edward Knight of Godmersham, and I think this would be a fascinating talk to attend.
Continuing with the Jane Austen theme, on Thursday 26th May, again at 2.30p.m. David Coates will be giving a talk on LYME'S LITERARY LINKS. Over the past 200 years, Lyme has been associated with many great literary figures and his talk will be a comprehensive one, beginning with Jane Austen and ending with John Fowles who was of course not only an outstanding novelist but also the curator of the Philpot Museum.
Then on Monday 13th June an event I really would love to be able to attend, beginning at the lifeboat station in Lyme, a walk around the town entitled LYME REGIS –AS JANE AUSTEN SAW IT, conducted by Fred Humphrey in the guise of Admiral Croft from Persuasion.
I confess I would ADORE to take a walk around Lyme with Admiral Corft…..but I fear commitments may prevent me from being there. You, however,may be luckier than I …if you do go give the Admiral my love won't you?
The Threads of Feeling exhibiton which has been so deservedly successful and which is nearing the end ff its run at the Foundling Hospital, is now available to view online. My review of the exhibit can be accessed here.
If you go here you will be taken to a slide show, accompanied by a soundtrack of 18th century ballads which helps put the contents of the slides into context. Each slide shows in great detail a piece of ribbon or fabric, one of the tokens which were kept in the Billet Books of the Foundling Museum and which were deposited by the mothers of the babies, just in case they were ever in a position to be able to return to retrieve their child and needed to identify it. Details of the fabric are also listed.
John Styles to Give Talk at the Foundling Museum on his "Threads of Feeling" exhibit.
John Styles the Curator of the wonderful Threads of Feeling exhibition currently to be seen at the Foundling Museum, and which I reviewed here, is going to give a talk about the exhibit, together with a questions and answer session at the Foundling Musuem, on Wednesday 2nd February from 7.30p.m till 8p.m.
This promises to be a fabulous event, as John is not only the curator of the exhibit but the author of the magnificent book, The Dress of the People which I reviewed here and which, in part, examined in detail the tokens of fabrics left in the billet books of the Foundling Hospital by the poor and disadvantaged of the 18th century. You can see an example of one above. The collection of fabrics is therefore the most complete collection of 18th century working class fabrics in the UK. Examining the collection gives amazing insights into how the poor actually dressed. So, if you have ever wondered how Jane Austen's characters such as Fanny's Prices morther and her servant Rebecca from Mansfield Park dressed in Portsmouth , or how Nurse Rooke in Persuasion was attitred, then this is the talk (and book) for you.
I am hoping to go to this (she said frantically re-arranging dates in her diary) and of course if I do get there I will report back to you in full. But I do hope others of you can go: if you go here you can access all the booking details .
Some events at the Foundling Museum have just been announced, and as they are being held in conjunction with the famed Threads of Feeling exhibition, I thought you might like to know about them.
In conjunction with Threads of Feeling, Dr Alysa Levene explores the emotional experiences of the children left at the Foundling Hospital. Over 18,000 babies and young children were left at the Foundling Hospital between its opening in 1741 and the end of the eighteenth century. We know almost nothing about the emotional experiences of any of them .
However, we can tease out something of the emotional bonds that existed between these children and their parents by examining the letters and tokens left with them. Very few of these children were ever taken back by their families, but this was not the end of their experiences of family life. Most were sent to be wet nursed in foster homes in the countryside, and here too, we can see some evidence of their experiences via the letters written by the inspectors of nurses back to the hospital. Not all of these experiences were happy, but this talk will illustrate how much the Foundling Hospital records can tell us about mothering, nurture and the model of childhood in the eighteenth century.
Dr Alysa Levene is a Senior Lecturer at Oxford Brookes University and author of Childcare, health and mortality at the London Foundling Hospital, 1741-1800: 'left to the mercy of the world' (Manchester University Press, 2007). She was also the general editor Narratives of the Poor in Eighteenth-Century England (Pickering and Chatto, 2006).
This talk will be held on Tuesday 25 January, 7pm- 8.30pm (doors 6.30pm, includes pay bar) Tickets will cost £12, concessions: £10.
Here are some details of Jenny Tiramani's work to entice you….
She was the Director of Theatre Design at Shakespeare's Globe, London until 2005. She received the 2003 Olivier Award for her costume designs of TWELFTH NIGHT with that company. From 1979 – 1997 she was Associate Designer at the Theatre Royal Stratford East, London. Jenny Tiramani has worked with director Mark Rylance and composer Claire van Kampen since 1991 – starting with their Phœbus' Cart company production of THE TEMPEST at the Rollright Stone Circle, Corfe Castle and on the foundations of Shakespeare's Globe. During Mark Rylance's period as Artistic Director at the Globe, Jenny Tiramani worked with him researching into the original practices of Shakespeare's actors, their clothing, properties and the possible decoration of the theatre itself.
Jenny Tiramani is currently completing an academic book on Elizabethan costume and is visiting professor at the University of Nottingham.
It sounds a tremendous evening…..I'm considering going, very seriosuly…but will the never-ending snow permit? Here is the link to the Foundling Museum should you want to contact them to buy tickets.
This review appeared in the Sunday Telegraph magazine and was copiously and beautifully illustrated. Sadly, during its transition to the web version of the newspaper the article has been denuded of many of its wonderful illustrations of the tokens, but I link it here for you to read in any case.


We seldom see any fiction based in the world of historic railroading, and what little does get published is usually fraught with inaccuracies that spoil it for those of us with some understanding of the subject.
Howard Bahr has provided us with a book that takes place in a world we can understand without such problems, and with a richness and depth of color that brings us into his world. Bahr was a railroader and seaman before giving up honest work to become an academic, and his experience graces every page with gritty reality.
Consider this excerpt describing the roundhouse: "Its vast floor, and the floor of the pit, were of cinders and beds of ancient, petrified grease. Everything was under a common roof and lit constantly by electricity, since not even the white sun of August could penetrate the smeared and blackened skylights. Every surface was coated with a fine dusting of soot so that, in time, the clothing of the men that worked there was the color of soot and so deeply penetrated that no Oxydol or Clorox could redeem it." A shorter but pithy line mentioned that cabooses were of many colors, "but all smelled the same." How many of us could argue with either of these, or fail to immediately transport ourselves into the scene?
Pelican Road is the mainline of the Southern between New Orleans and Meridian, around which the action takes place. It is set at the dawning of WW II, with the characters being primarily of two generations, the older heads petering out as the younger WW I veterans generation takes over. Each character is vividly drawn with little excursions into their pasts so that we understand them as they are at the time of the story as complete, dimensional people with histories that color their actions.
Tragedy, comedy and day-to-day life are all presented as the story gradually and gently unfolds towards its climax � a meet scheduled incorrectly by a dispatcher at two contiguous stations, between the northbound varnish and a southbound peddler freight, both trying to make up time on Christmas Eve. It is a ride you should take as well.


The Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market (ROA) of Maastricht University's School of Business and Economics is seeking to appoint one PhD-candidate or one Postdoc on the project: How the flexibility of the Dutch educational system affects educational outcomes. The candidates should have a solid understanding of quantitative methods, and a strong background in quantitative social science (such as Sociology, Economics, Econometrics, Educational Studies or a related discipline). The candidates will be part of an energetic multidisciplinary research group, specialized in the effects of system and school characteristics on educational careers.
member), Dr. Mark Levels (ROA: team member) and Dr. Katarina Wessling (postdoc on first subproject).
Candidates for the PhD or Postdoc position are expected to complete studies that will be published in leading peer-reviewed journals.
ROA is a leading research institute of the School of Business and Economics at Maastricht University. ROA intends to make a significant contribution to both academic and societal discussions on the effects of human capital on the performance of individuals, firms and societies as a whole.
ROA offers unique research opportunities by its involvement in the National Education Panel Study (www.nationaalcohortonderzoek.nl), the international adult literacy survey PIAAC, the national school-leaver surveys (HBO-Monitor, MBO-Monitor, VO-Monitor), the international graduate surveys REFLEX and HEGESCO, ROA's Life-long Learning survey and a linked employer-employee panel in the Dutch public sector. ROA also has in-house access to many Dutch administrative data sets provided by Statistics Netherlands. Strong ties with policy makers at the national and international level ensure societal relevance of ROA's research.
For the PhD: Successful completion of an MPhil or MSc degree in a quantitative social scientific discipline (such as Sociology, Economics, Econometrics, Educational Studies or related discipline), or the expected completion of such a degree within the next 3 months.
For the Postdoc: Successful completion of a PhD degree in a quantitative social scientific discipline (such as Sociology, Economics, Econometrics, Educational Studies or related discipline), or the expected completion of such a degree within the next 3 months.
Advanced skills in research design and relevant quantitative analysis, as demonstrated in education and/or work so far.
Affinity with work in an interdisciplinary and international environment.
Flexible, pro-active, independent but also motivated to work in a team.
Excellent proficiency in English (working language).
Outstanding organizational, verbal and written communication and interpersonal skills.
Willingness to relocate to (the vicinity of) Maastricht.
PhD (CAO-NU) PhD scale: EUR 2.266,00 - EUR 2.897,00 gross per month.
Postdoc (CAO-NU) not holding a PhD will start as a "Onderzoeker 4", depending on relevant work experience: EUR 2.640,00 - EUR 3.425,00.
Candidates who hold a PhD will start as a "Onderzoeker 3", depending on relevant work experience with a max in scale 11: EUR 4.852,00.
The terms of employment of Maastricht University are set out in the Collective Labour Agreement of Dutch Universities (CAO). Furthermore, local UM provisions also apply. For more information look at the website www.maastrichtuniversity.nl .
Maastricht University is renowned for its unique, innovative, problem-based learning system, which is characterized by a small-scale and student-oriented approach. Research at UM is characterized by a multidisciplinary and thematic approach, and is concentrated in research institutes and schools. Maastricht University has around 16,300 students and 4,300 employees. Reflecting the university's strong international profile, a fair amount of both students and staff are from abroad. The university hosts 6 faculties: Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Faculty of Law, School of Business and Economics, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience.
The first two programmes take education and training as point of departure and look at outcomes at the individual and organizational level. These programmes represent ROA's focus on Education. The last two programmes take national and regional labour markets as point of departure and focus on individual and firm behavior, and the interaction between the two. These programmes represent ROA's focus on the Labour market.
In these fields ROA contributes to both the academic literature and the public debate on education and labour market issues. ROA's research activities are being carried out and supported by a dedicated scientific and support staff, consisting of about 40 employees.
You can send your resumé and motivation letter before 21 September 2018 to recruitment-sbe@maastrichtuniversity.nl . Please mention the vacancy number in the subject.


I have a guilty secret. (All right, I have more that one of those, but let's stick to one at a time.) You see, I have lots of books on my shelves (and on my Kindle) that I've never read. I don't mind the ones on the Kindle so much; they're generally things I want to try or series where I've got behind in my reading but not my purchasing. But the ones on the book cases, those I regret, because so many of them are the lost books of my childhood and youth.
When I was young, I would discover a new author, fall in love with their work and want to have all their books at once. Of course, I didn't have a job or even much pocket money, so that was easier said than done. I did the obvious thing. I haunted second hand bookshops and library sales and bought up whatever was there that I could afford. I ended up with lots of old (and sometimes very tatty) paperbacks, most of which remain on my bookshelves to this day.
However, I was a young and new reader, which meant there was a downside to this. I never found the time to read all of them, because the next exciting new author would come along and I'd do it all over again. Some examples of such authors are Mary Stewart, Georgette Heyer, Dorothy L. Sayers (I did eventually get all those read due to joining a Sayers mailing list at some point in the last decade or so), Dorothy Dunnett, Margery Allingham and, of course, Diana Wynne Jones. There are others too, I'm sure.
Here's guilty secret number two. I'm an avid reader, but I'm a sporadic blogger. I'd love to be a better one, but life, family and illness (I have ME/CFS) tend to get in the way. In June 2011, I decided to move from having a general blog to a reading blog (I hesitate to call it a book blog, as it tends to be little more than my reactions to the books I've read, when I feel well enough to write something down).
One of the features I planned for this new blog was to read some of those unread books. I had already considered reading the DWJ books I owned and never read when I realised how very unwell she was, not long before she died. She was one of my first "Author Reads" with the idea expanding to all her books, not just the ones I owned and hadn't read. I'm working through Mary Stewart and Georgette Heyer (and a few others) as well. I also added Anne McCaffrey when she also died in 2011.
I admit I haven't got far yet. I'm up to Power of Three (which I intend to have read by the time this post goes live) and I skipped ahead to read Dogsbody to my son and Fire and Hemlock when Kristen held a readalong of that book. It's only six out of 36, but I love knowing I have all those books waiting for me to get to them. I gave myself no time limit for reading her books, just a plan to do it and enjoy myself while I do.
I admit that so far, my favourite books haven't changed (Eight Days of Luke, Dogsbody and Fire and Hemlock) but there are plenty of rereads and new reads ahead of me. I'm looking forward to it ever so much. I'm not going to rush, I'm going to savour each book (and hopefully get my son to join in with me for at least some of them; I'm sure he'd love Archer's Goon for example). I'm not going to care if it takes me weeks or years to work through to the end. I don't even want to acknowledge that there is now an end of her wonderful stories, but I guess I can always start all over again if I wish.
About Kerry: I'm a wife and mother of one, living in New Zealand, who has ME/CFS (which tends to rule my life a lot more than I would like). I only manage to blog sporadically, but you can find my bookish posts at Too Many Books, Too Hard to Choose (http://rocalisa.wordpress.com) and stitching stuff at Sometimes Stitching (http://lahaylia.wordpress.com). Points to anyone who can guess one of my favourite authors from the URLS of my blogs.
My eyes are like saucers to see all those Diana Wynne Jones books all in one place, even though I own all of those books. They're never all in one place! Now I want to put them all in one place and take a picture.
I've recently read the last of the DWJ books I hadn't read before. It made me way sad, but of course I can always reread them a zillion times, which makes them better anyway.
Oh, I'm envious (in the nicest possible way) -- what a lovely pile of DWJ books! I've only read a few so far, but there's something really special and unique about DWJ. Someday, I'd like to do as you're doing, and read through a bunch of them in a row.
There's something really fulfilling about reading an author's work chronologically. You get to see them develop and you move through their phases with them. Sometimes this goes wrong when an author's quality drops off at the end though. Luckily, Diana was brilliant until the end.


〔2〕Memorandum by the Policy Planning Staff: "Soviet Policy Toward China" (PPS 39/1), Nov.23, 1948, FRUS, 1948, Ⅷ, p.208.
〔3〕George F. Kennan, "Moscow Embassy Telegram No.511," Feb.22, 1946, FRUS, 1946, VI, pp.696-709; "The Sources of Soviet Conduct," Foreign Affairs, July 1947, pp.566-582.
〔4〕Kennan, "Comments on the General Trend of U.S. Foreign Policy," August, 1948, Kennan Papers, Box 23, 转引自John Lewis Gaddis, Strategies of Containment (New York: Oxford University Press, 1982), p.30.
〔5〕Gaddis, Strategies of Containment, pp.30-31.
〔7〕George Kennan, Memoirs 1925-1950 (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1967), p.237, 239.
〔8〕John Paton Davies, Jr., Dragon by the Tail (New York: W.W. Norton&Comany, 1972), p.184.
〔10〕Walter L. Hixson, George F. Kennan, Cold War Iconoclast (New York: Columbia University Press, 1989), p.163.
〔11〕〔12〕Tang T'sou, America's Failure in China, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1963, pp.197-198; pp.198-203.
〔13〕〔14〕Hixson, George F. Kennan, Cold War Iconoclast, pp.155-165; p.52.
〔15〕Memorandum by the Policy Planning Staff, "The Problem to Review and Define United States Policy Toward China" (PPS 39), Sept.7,1948, FRUS, 1948, VIII, pp.146-155.
〔16〕同上以及Memorandum by the Policy Planning Staff, "U.S. Policy Toward China" (PPS 39/1), Nov.23, 1948, FRUS, 1948, Ⅷ, pp.208-211.
〔17〕Memorandum by the Director of the Policy Planning Staff (Kennan), Jan.10, 1949, FRUS, 1949, VIII, pp.26-27.
〔24〕Memorandum by the Director of the Policy Planning Staff(Kennan), "United States Policy Toward Formosa and the Pescadores" (PPS 53), July6, 1949, FRUS, 1949, IX, pp.356-359.
〔25〕同〔24〕及Draft Memorandum Prepared in Policy Planning Staff: "A Possible Course of Action with Respect to Formosa and the Pesadores," June 23, 1949, FRUS, 1949, IX, pp.359-364.
〔27〕Kennan, Memoirs 1950-1963 (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1972), p.54.
〔28〕"The Strategic Importance of Formosa" (NSC 37), Dec.1, 1948, FRUS, 1949, IX, pp.261-262; "The Strategic Importance of Formosa," (NSC37/3) Feb.11, 1949, ibid., pp.284-286; Memorandum by the Secretary of Defense (Johnson) to the Executive Secretary of the National Security Council (Souers), April 2, 1949, ibid., pp.307-308.
〔31〕Kennan, Memoirs 1925-1950, p.345; Hixson, George F. Kennan, Cold War Inconoclast, p.51.
〔32〕〔33〕〔34〕FRUS, 1949, IX, pp.50-52; 1947, VII, pp.899-900; 1949, IX, pp.160-162.
〔35〕FRUS, 1947, VII, pp.899-900; FRUS, 1948, VIII, p.312, p.461, p.659, p.662; FRUS, 1949, VIII, pp.29-30.
〔41〕〔42〕The Director of the Policy Planning Staff (Kennan) to the Secretary of State:"U.S. Policy TowardChina in the Light of the Current Situation," (PPS 45) FRUS, 1949, VIII, pp. 214-215;p.215 note.
〔44〕参见:Ernest R. May, The Truman Administration and China 1945-1949 (N.Y.J.B. Company 1975).
〔45〕Memorandum by the Director of the Policy Planning Staff (Kennan), FRUS, 1949, VIII, pp.26-27.
〔46〕Memorandum by Mr. John P. Davies of the Policy Planning Staff to the Director of the Policy Planning Staff (Kennan), June 30, 1949, FRUS, 1949, VIII, pp. 768-769.


Natural herbal facial steam for dry and combination skin types.
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Bring your face 12 inches from the surface of the water and drape a towel over your head to create a steam tent.
Steam for 5-7 minutes, allowing pores to open and absorb the antioxidants.
For best results, apply a facial oil before steaming to help the ingredients penetrate.
Woman-owned and family-run locally in Los Angeles, California.
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Chamomile, calendula, lavender, and rosehip botanicals.


Whether you think he's the best character in Game of Thrones or not, pretty much everyone would have Tyrion Lannister in at least their top three.
He's the witty underdog everyone roots for — the guy who's been constantly trampled by life and is, finally, on the cusp of getting the break he so badly deserves.
In the YouTube montage above cut together by TheGaroStudios, Tyrion's rollercoaster journey through the seasons is set to the backdrop of an emotional soundtrack.
It's enough to make you feel even more sorry for everyone's favourite Lannister — but outrageously excited for his return to Westeros in Season 7.


text:
FDA Downgrades Risk Category for Certain Uses of ECT
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a final order on Wednesday to downgrade the risk category for certain uses of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).This was a change for which APA had strongly advocated, saying it could greatly expand access to safe, effective treatment for individuals with serious and persistent psychiatric disorders.
First, the FDA's final order reclassified ECT devices from Class III (higher risk) to Class II (moderate risk) for the treatment of catatonia or a severe major depressive episode associated with major depressive or bipolar disorder. The order applies to ECT use in patients who are treatment-resistant or who require a rapid response due to the severity of their condition.
In addition, the FDA lowered the minimum age for whom these ECT devices are considered Class II products to 13 years, from its originally proposed 18 years of age.
Finally, the order requires ECT manufacturers to file FDA's most rigorous application for marketing known as a premarket approval (PMA) application for all other uses of ECT devices, such as for schizoaffective disorder and bipolar manic states. The agency notes that this is because the FDA is unable to identify sufficient information to ensure the safety and effectiveness of ECT for such indications.
"This will give physicians more information on the safe and effective use of these devices and ultimately better protect patients," said Carlos Peña, Ph.D., director of the Division of Neurological and Physical Medicine Devices in the FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health, in a statement. FDA regulates medical devices and categorizes them into one of three classes (I, II, or III) based on their level of risk and the regulatory controls necessary to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness.
For years, APA has strongly supported the reclassification of ECT devices as Class II. APA submitted formal comments to the FDA after the FDA proposed an administrative order for the reclassification in late 2015. APA cited numerous studies demonstrating evidence to support the safety and effectiveness of ECT for patients with treatment-resistant major depressive episodes. APA also encouraged members to submit comments to the Federal Register explaining the potential benefit of ECT reclassification. A similar effort was initiated years earlier when the FDA invited public comments on how ECT devices should be reclassified.
APA had also recommended the FDA designate ECT as Class II for use in mania in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder, as well as for use in children and adolescents who meet the criteria for treatment resistance and who are in need of a potentially lifesaving intervention.
The reclassification of ECT devices is part of FDA's 515 Program Initiative, which it began in 2009 to address some 26 devices that were issued "temporary" Class III designations some 40 years ago. ECT devices were one of the last two medical devices awaiting reclassification.
Labels: APA, Class II, Class III, ECT, electroconvulsive therapy, FDA, Federal Register, major depressive episode, reclassification, treatment-resistant depression
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text:
Home Sports FA Cup Reaches Quarter Finals: ELWA United Get 'Bye' to Semi Finals
FA Cup Reaches Quarter Finals: ELWA United Get 'Bye' to Semi Finals
Anthony Kokoi
Flashback: FA Cup holders Monrovia Club Breweries players celebrate after one of their crucial victories
Nimba United vs Keitrace, FC Fassel vs. LISCR FC, Monrovia Club Breweries vs. Samira FC
The 2017/2018 Liberia Football Association FA Cup has reached the quarter-finals stage with ELWA United getting a "Bye" after seven teams advanced to the quarter-finals.
A "Bye" in a tournament refers to the position of one who draws no opponent for a round and advances to the next round.
Six of the teams, ELWA United, Nimba United, Keitrace FC, FC Fassel, LISCR FC, and Monrovia Club Breweries are in the 1st division and Samira FC, the seventh, are from the 3rd Division.
Earlier on Tuesday, the Mountaineers of Nimba United advanced to the quarter-finals following their 3-2 aggregate win over 2nd division Holders FC.
After a comfortable 2-0 win in the first leg, Coach Abraham Sese's United did not perform up to expectation in the second leg, conceding a 2-1 defeat against their 2nd division opponent, but advanced to the next round with a 3-2 aggregate.
Also on Tuesday in the day's last encounter, it was another frustrating moment for the Sunshine Yellow Boys, Invincible Eleven, after they were booted out of the FA Cup by Keitrace FC on a 3-1 aggregate after a goalless first leg.
IE took the lead in the 40th minute after Augustus Tanyoun managed to slot home a dispossessed ball in Keitrace's defense.
The Yellow Boys failed to defend their one goal and in the second half witnessed Keitrace scoring three goals in 30 minutes.
Keitrace pulled one back in the 57th minute through midfielder Jocee Yamba's right-foot strike before Darlington Lynch doubled the score in the 82nd minute.
Keitrace later finished things up in the 87th minute after striker Amadia Kawah closed the goal with a right foot volley.
On Wednesday, FC Fassel and LISCR FC booked their spots in the quarter-finals after winning 6-0 and 7-4 respectively.
After a 3-0 win the first leg, the Soccer Missionaries (FC Fassel) repeated the same scoreline in the second leg against 3rd division Margibi based Morris Young Tiggers.
Sunnyboy Dolo, Christian Doe, and Sidiki Kromah got the three goals for the score sheet for the Soccer Missionaries.
LISCR, on the other hand, advanced to the quarter-finals on a 7-4 aggregate against Montserrado 3rd division championship side Muscat FC after a 3-0 score in the first leg and a 4-4 draw in the second leg.
LISCR went down to two goals in the first half after Muscat scored two goals in the 25th and 26th minutes, but overturned the score in the second half by scoring four goals in the 33 minutes, but Muscat repeated their first-half goal scoring skills after they scored two goals in the last two minutes of the full 90 minutes.
After yesterday's matches, the last three teams including Samira FC, ELWA United and FA Cup holders Monrovia Club Breweries joined the rest of their counterparts.
The Scoring Scorpions of Samira who were defeated 1-0 by Jubilee moved to the quarter-finals after a 2-1 aggregate against the Church Boys of Jubilee FC due to their first leg 2-0 win over the Church Boys.
ELWA United having won the first leg with a 3-0 score line, the Paynesville based side was awarded the three points after their opponents FC Bea Mountain failed to turnout for the match.
Title holders Monrovia Club Breweries continue to defend their title after a 2-1 aggregate win over first division counterparts LPRC Oilers.
Following a one-all draw in the first leg, the holders advanced to the quarter-finals with a 1-0 win over the Oilers in the second leg through Miti Mulbah's 66th-minute goal.
Quarter Finals Draw
Following the qualification of the remaining seven teams, the draw for the quarter-final was held at the VIP stands at the ATS that saw ELWA United getting a "Bye" that placed them in the semi-final of the tournament.
FULL Draw
Nimba United vs. Keitrace FC
FC Fassel vs. LISCR FC
Monrovia Club Breweries vs. Samira FC
ELWA United – Semi Final
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Anthony Kokoi is an award-winning Liberian sports journalist who has an ever-growing passion for the development of the game of football (soccer) and other sports. He has been passionately engaged in reporting the developments of the game in the country. He is a full member of the Sports Writers Association of Liberia (SWAL) and the Press Union of Liberia (PUL). He is a promoter of young talents and grassroots sports. Contacts: Email Address: [email protected] WhatsApp: +231886772325
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text:
Skincare Quiz
#TruthRevealed
Band of Activists
How to Treat Hyperpigmentation
Beauty 3 minutes
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by: Noelle Simons
Whether you call them dark spots, sun spots, melasma, or any of the other myriad ways of describing this frustrating skin concern, they're all components of hyperpigmentation—an especially common yet stubborn skin issue.
Given that traditional hyperpigmentation treatments are toxic, we've always advocated for treating it with skin-brightening antioxidants. But we before we get into how to prevent and fade it, let's cover what exactly hyperpigmentation is.
What is hyperpigmentation?
Simply put, hyperpigmentation refers to an overproduction of melanin. It's primarily caused by UV exposure, a.k.a.: too much sun, not enough SPF. Melasma is a particular form of hyperpigmentation caused by hormonal sensitivity to sun exposure. Women who are pregnant, using hormonal birth control, or undergoing hormone replacement therapy are all susceptible to it, as are people with darker complexions.
Is hyperpigmentation dangerous?
Hyperpigmentation itself is not dangerous, but, with the exception of melasma, it reveals having gotten too much sun exposure, which is of course damaging to the skin. And once it's there, it's hard (but not impossible) to reverse. So prevention is key.
How do you prevent hyperpigmentation?
Avoiding sun exposure is the best way to prevent hyperpigmentation, but that's not always realistic. Wearing SPF, hats, and applying topical antioxidants can help keep hyperpigmentation at bay.
The problem with conventional hyperpigmentation treatments
One of the main treatments used to address hyperpigmentation is highly toxic. Hydroquinone scores a 9 (out of 10, with 10 being the highest) on EWG's ingredient toxicity scale, and is listed as a known human respiratory toxicant and a possible carcinogen (meaning cancer-causing). That's why it's been banned in places like Europe, Japan, and Australia. The good news is that treating and preventing hyperpigmentation can be done effectively without compromising your health by applying topical antioxidants. Below, the very best ones.
The best antioxidants for hyperpigmentation
It's one of the most researched-backed skincare ingredients, but vitamin C can be very tricky to formulate. The moment it's introduced into a liquid, it naturally begins to oxidize and lose potency. Until scientists discover how to prevent that from happening, fresh vitamin C powder is the most effective way to derive the antioxidant benefits you need. Buffering it with ferulic acid increases its efficacy by making it more stable.
A type of polyphenol, quercetin is responsible for the pigment in some of our favorite fruits and vegetables—it occurs naturally in red onion, kale, and berries in addition to apples. Quercetin has been found to aid the skin in protecting against free radicals and extend the life of human cells.
Also known as Vitamin B3, niacinamide prevents melanin from reaching the surface of the skin and protects from additional UV damage. Studies have shown that not only can it help prevent hyperpigmentation and the onset of sun damage, but it is also an effective skin lightener.
This powerful antioxidant is a naturally occurring compound found in plants like grapes and berries. And while its anti-aging properties have been widely discussed, scientists are now confident that resveratrol can also significantly decrease melanin production.
Also known as SOD, this naturally occurring enzyme (it often comes from French melon) helps to neutralize damaging free radicals and to heal, replenish, and even out the skin, giving it a more youthful appearance. Research has shown that SOD is one of the key players in reducing melanin production caused by UV radiation specifically.
photo via The Womens Wellness Collective
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text:
All Blacks Defeat Namibia
The New Zealand All Blacks have beaten Namibia 71-9 at Tokyo Stadium today.
Namibia had opened the scoring with a penalty in the 3rd minute, and held the All Blacks to a 10-9 lead after the first half hour, but two late tries in the half stretched the lead to 24-9 at half time.
The All Blacks had scored tries to Sevu Reece in the 7th minute and Anton Lienert-Brown in the 21st minute, but a competitive Namibia had unsettled them around the ruck.
Prop Nepo Laulala was sin-binned in the 30th minute for a swinging arm that made contact with the head, but quick tries from replacement prop Angus Ta'avao in the 36th minute, and full back Ben Smith four minutes into extra time put Namibia on the back foot.
The second half opened with a try to prop Joe Moody in the 42nd minute, and was followed by another from Anton Lienert-Brown in the 46th minute.
Namibia was starting to look tired, and there were further tries to Sevu Reece in the 52nd minute, Sam Whitelock in 56th minute, and Ben Smith in the 67th minute.
The All Blacks had their second yellow card of the match in the 73rd minute when prop Ofa Tu'ungafasi was sin-binned for making contact with the head in the tackle, but with 14 men they managed to score two more tries to Jordie Barrett in the 76th minute, and replacement TJ Perenara in the 79th minute.
The All Blacks remaining pool match is against Italy next Saturday at 5.45pm NZT.
Tries: Sevu Reece 2, Anton Lienert-Brown 2, Ben Smith 2, Angus Ta'avao, Joe Moody, Sam Whitelock , Jordie Barrett, TJ Perenara.
Conversions: Barrett 8
Namibia: 9
Conversions: Damian Stephens 3
Labels: all blacks result, all blacks rugby, all blacks v canada, all blacks v namibia, new zealand rugby, rugby news, rugby world cup, RWC 2019, world cup


Bill Gates thinks the modern-day flush toilet isn't good enough. Most of the developing world can't afford to use it, and poor sanitation spreads diarrheal diseases.
So the Gates Foundation is challenging universities to build a better toilet—latrines that are hygienic, generate energy and don't require running water or a septic system. The foundation is giving $41.5 million toward that end, and proposals include toilets powered by heat, microwaves or solar panels.
New biomass-powered train to travel at 130 m.p.h.


Simplicity is the key for social sustainability: we made a very complex product like a vehicle super simple.
So it's way easier to create local jobs and give new work and vitality to existing small and medium businesses and skilled workers that may have lost competitiveness or have been left behind for the crisis.
the hardest task of our engineers was to simplify the vehicle, make it modular and keep safety as the prior objective. Even if it's simpler and modular our platform is designed and engineered to be road legal Worldwide (Asia, USA, Europe, etc..) .
Ultra Giga Big Factories? No, that's so 1980s, we believe in One Room Factory: distributed all over the World, even in emerging countries like Africa.
We empower local people to create local brands, creating local jobs, serving local customers and better reuse existing businesses, skills and facilities.
Yesterday: Huge capital intensive investment to create another Toyota or Fiat Chrysler Automobile with huge factories and hundreds thousands of employees with a closed approach. In emerging countries: obsolete vehicles from 1970-1980s.
Today: Ultra low budgets to create a local brand, one room factory, start with 2 assemblers, open approach. In emerging countries: specific vehicles for specific needs with more efficient and modern technologies.