text:
Q: How to synchronize Play framework 2 with MongoDB and the steps to be followed I have been working on this since days now but have not came up with any solution.
My target is to create a dummy project which uses Play framework 2 and mongodb as backend with scala used for UI only and the rest would be done in java.
Keeping in mind that similar questions were asked earlier but I personally didn't received any answer for my query.
Below are few links i checked out but didn't helped me..
http://mongodb.github.io/casbah/tutorial.html
https://github.com/mongodb/casbah
I'm a newbie so kindly correct me if i am wrong in any sense.
Thanks in Advance! :)
NOTE: I AM WORKING ON WINDOWS..

A: Hm, actually there is ready to use solution,
Check example application available at github
It uses MongoDB module for Play 2
Works...


text:
David S. Goyer is adapting Peter Straub's Shadowland for NBC
Sam Barsanti
Perhaps recognizing that his career has been mostly defined by comic books and superheroes, David S. Goyer has decided that his next project will be something that he's never tackled before: Adapting a regular book. According to Deadline, Goyer is co-writing the project with Jack Thorne, who is also currently working with him on Joseph Gordon-Levitt's Sandman adaptation. The book they'll be turning into a TV show is Peter Straub's Shadowland, which is about two boys who spend a summer with a magician who, according to Deadline, "may actually be a sorcerer." The report describes the book as a "dark fantasy," so we're going to assume that he's not really a sorcerer and everything in the world is exactly how it seems. NBC has picked up the project, and is currently intending to air it as an event series—which is a lot like a miniseries but rebranded to sound more exciting to today's easily distracted TV viewers. Once he wraps up Shadowland, Goyer will presumably go back to putting his name on every superhero movie that he possibly can. Well, any that don't involve Martian Manhunter, the character that he says only virgins have ever heard of, or She-Hulk, the "giant green porn star."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


What if we were to tell you that the Opium Wars weren't really about opium but rather about trade, tea, and silver? And what if one of the companies that began trading opium in the mid-nineteenth century is on the London Stock Exchange today? In this episode, we explore the opium trade and how it led to open markets and the collapse of the Qing dynasty.
Following the most recent referendum on Scottish independence, it's a perfect time to reflect on the origins of Scotland. What does the murder of John Comyn by Robert Bruce in 1306 tell us about medieval Scotland? How has history been rewritten to stress nationalist narratives? And did anyone really care about Scotland as a country or state in the early fourteenth century? All this and a murder most foul. Or moderately foul. Or perfectly justified. It's all very Scottish. But somebody was murdered and this week John takes a stab at addressing the formation of Scotland under Robert Bruce in the fourteenth century.
A student of Socrates, a friend of kings, a general and pirate, Alcibiades defies definition. He argued for a more aggressive policy against the Spartans only to later serve as one of their trusted advisers. He left Sparta to live in Persia where he subverted both Spartan and Athenian interests. Join as we explore how this rogue challenged democracy, governments and identity in Classical Athens.
How did Hernán Cortés and his "300" soldiers topple the Aztecs? What motivated these conquistadores, and what legal justifications did they use to legitimize this conquest? Find the answer to these questions and more as we explore the clashing of the Aztec and Spanish empires.


The South Carolina Supreme Court recently overturned an $18 million verdict against Ford Motor Company.
In 2006, a Greenville County jury awarded $18 million to the victims of a car accident which occurred on Interstate 385 in Lauren County in 2009. Sonya Watson, who was 17 at the time of the accident, was paralyzed in the crash. Her passenger, Patricia Carter, died from her injuries soon after the accident. The jury awarded Watson $15 million and Carter's estate $3 million.
The lawsuit claimed that Watson's Ford Explorer has cruise control problems causing it to "take-off" while she was driving.
The Supreme Court overturned the verdict based on an error of law by the trial judge. The Supreme Court found that the trial judge should not have allowed the testimony of one of Watson's attorney's expert witnesses. This witness testified to issues with cruise control, but had never worked on cruise controls in cars. The Supreme Court found that this testimony was prejudicial against Ford Motor Company and could have swayed the jury's decision.
The Supreme Court granted Ford Motor Company a new trial.


Oliver Stanley giving me the tongue.
Ollie is chewing up his toys. I know it's a great stimulator for the pooches to chew on things, but since his first toy Mr. Cow, he's gone through a bunch of other toys. I mean, at least two dozen toys that had to be thrown out because they were chewed up. His favorites are the soft squeaky animals or soft rubber toys. He chews those up in a flash. We introduced the Kong to him, but he's not too interested. He's a fan of the ropes. Which we find remnants of all over the house. And of course the tennis ball. He LOVES tennis balls. So here are the two issues we are facing right now.
1. Chews up 99% of the toys given to him. We have yet to find a indestructible toy. We bought the following toy, pictured below. It claims that it's rated at a 9 of being a really tough toy. It lasted a whol 10 minutes till Oliver ripped it a new one and pulled all the stuffing out of it.
2. After CC's suggestions, we still CAN'T get him to give up his toy (especially tennis balls) from his mouth. Unless we are literally holding a piece of chicken in our hands, this dog holds on for dear life! I'll be online checking out some new tricks to get him to give it up.
Have you tried pretending to take no interest in playing with him until he drops the ball? Like.. walk away from him and see if he drops the ball or toy? My friend got a dog down south, and I'm apparently the co-owner of the dog. He was trained a little, but he would drop the ball, then when you reach for the ball, he'd pick it up again. So far, the not taking interest in tossing the ball for him to catch is working. Hopefully it'll work for Ollie. *crosses fingers* Each dog learns differently, maybe this method will work?
Ollie is still on the allergy diet for another two months. So the treats are very limited. No protein of any type till they figure out what the allergies are. At the moment, ropes and tennis balls are his obsession.


00:21 JustinHitla: anyone here ?
00:34 imirkin: i just remember it has that funny interpolation?
00:34 imirkin: or was it that it didn't use triangles?
00:49 mwk: of course, 0x4d0400 is the worst method there is, "render a texel of a crazy quadratic quad"
00:49 imirkin: just some underlying formula right?
00:55 imirkin: why did they do this again?
00:56 mwk: quadratic curves look beautiful on demos!
02:14 imirkin: what's the issue?
02:15 imirkin: GT 210 is probably a GT218?
02:28 agrecascino: imirkin, but that would require rebuilding the kernel?
02:29 imirkin: i assumed that wasn't a problem.
02:39 agrecascino: it's nouveau.trace=debug? right?
03:24 benh: what work ?
03:39 imirkin: but i think the unaligned accesses are emulated, the kernel just screams bloody murder about them.
04:44 JustinHitla: so can nouveau do 3d ?
04:48 imirkin: not 100% sure what you mean by '3d', but probably?
04:49 JustinHitla: I mean last time I checked it says nouveau can accelerate 2D but not 3D, how is it now ?
04:50 imirkin: what gpu do you have?
04:50 imirkin: also, when was the last time you checked?
04:52 imirkin: otherwise should work. not that it gets a ton of testing, to be fair.
04:53 JustinHitla: but about 2 years ago I did upgrade and now I have Radeon x300, so I don't need nouveau, it only supports Nvidia cards, right ?
04:54 imirkin: nouveau is for nvidia gpu's, yes.
04:56 JustinHitla: so why nouveau ? aren't there enough drivers ?
04:56 JustinHitla: there is another one open source driver for nvidia cards, no ?
04:58 JustinHitla: imirkin: do you play games on linux using nouveau ?
04:59 imirkin: rarely. mostly just when debugging issues people report.
04:59 JustinHitla: so does it allows to play many games ? crysis ? starcraft ?
05:01 JustinHitla: and why don't you rename it to something more easy to remember ?
05:02 imirkin: what's difficult to remember about it?
05:02 JustinHitla: imirkin: are you french ?
05:02 JustinHitla: is it a french word ?
05:02 JustinHitla: imirkin: do you know french ?
05:02 imirkin: have you looked at english?
05:03 JustinHitla: why not to rename it to "nova" ?
05:04 JustinHitla: or even "NoVa"
05:05 imirkin: i guess not.
14:49 imirkin: hakzsam: did you fix the MS stuff?
14:50 kloofy: hello, allmighty ducks of nouveau:)!!
14:52 kloofy: is it possible for different warps to enter different interrupt handlers in parallel?
14:56 kloofy: karolherbst: especially that question is directed to you, old buddy old pal:), actually i'm pretty much afraid the same way as you are that interrupts are slow, can you confirm this stuff too?
14:59 imirkin: hakzsam: nope, i did not.
15:11 hakzsam: you don't re-use get_sample_position()?
15:17 imirkin: that fixes MS?
15:18 imirkin: but it didn't quite work?
15:19 kloofy: allright, give an enthusiastic aplause for the loon, i think perhaps the time is mature, to invest a little in my health if possible, and leave those spamming scenes!
15:19 imirkin: why didn't you send it out?
17:24 imirkin_: mwk: how far did you get with SLI? iirc you worked the linking protocol... what about how to actually make use of it for bigger-better-faster memory accesses?
17:43 karolherbst: but it is coming!
17:45 imirkin_: however i'm not 100% sure that the cross-sli-slave sync stuff is available there. but perhaps it is.
18:15 Tom^: what gcc flags is used when building nouvea in the uh drm folder?
18:15 Tom^: it isnt fetching some KFLAGS from the kernel or such?
18:20 Tom^: imirkin_: know where those are defined? im bit curious what this current running kernel got built with.
18:22 Tom^: yes yes, im such an irresponsible user.
18:59 Tom^: karolherbst: i guess power sensors still is a bit wrong?
19:48 karolherbst: Tom^: do you have my patch?
21:34 karolherbst: that makes actually more sense than my thought: "if condititonal"
21:42 imirkin_: what's the diff?
22:02 pmoreau: imirkin_: Yup, I saw the OpenGL extension for SPIR-V was out! Haven't looked at it yet.
22:09 karolherbst: is it a real ARB extension which will be implemented by everybody, or just nvidia going ahead and is hoping everybody else will add it too?
22:09 karolherbst: but that still doesn't mean everyody will have it, right?
22:10 karolherbst: okay, so it is kind of sure, that that spir-v stuff will get added if there is a new spec?
22:50 orbea: vulkan is still experimental, no?
23:36 pmoreau: I think my 960 has 4GB of VRAM, and I do not have that error.
23:40 imirkin_: well, i def see GTX 960's with 4GB on newegg.
23:41 pmoreau: I recall seeing 960s with 4GB when I bought mine. Can't remember why I picked a 2GB instead of a 4GB though.
23:43 pmoreau: Must have been something else. Oh well, it's not like I'm really using it anyway.
23:44 pmoreau: That one was for work purposes, cause I needed a Maxwell card.
23:48 karolherbst: do you know word? do you have to work with it?
23:48 imirkin_: i know many words.
23:53 imirkin_: and 1070. wow.
23:57 agrecascino: do people using linux ever buy nvidia cards by their own volition?
23:58 imirkin_: nope, i do not.


This year the Human Rights and Business Module are running a clothes drive for the homeless!
From the week commencing Monday 8th May there will be bins placed by the Student Union reception in Cockroft and Mithras House main entrance; where you can drop off any unwanted clothing you would be happy to donate to a good cause!
The clothes will then be sorted, and taken to a rail set-up in the city centre so that those who are less fortunate in the community can help themselves.
By Writing An Article For The Law Blog!


When I asked a friend of mine to tell me the first word that comes to mind when they think of the letter "H", he immediately said "Hunger". Over the next few days, as I pondered over the word hunger, the main thoughts that came to mind had nothing to do with food, but rather the other things in life that one craves, that he or she hungers for. Specifically, the often used phrase "Recipe for Success" came to mind.
No matter what you hunger for, there are always things that must be done and directions that must be followed in order to satisfy that hunger. There is a recipe for everything. Even when it comes to actual food preparation, whether it is you or a chef at a restaurant making it from scratch, or a worker in a food manufacturing plant preparing a frozen meal you simply have to heat, there is a recipe or specific things that must be done in order to properly prepare the meal.
Some may be quick and easy, others may be more complicated and require more time and effort. Regardless, if you really have the hunger for something, then you will do everything you can to take the proper and necessary steps to satisfy that hunger.
There are essentially two parts: Ingredients and Directions. The ingredients are a list of all the components needed to make the muffin. When combined, they will create the necessary substance that will lead to the desired outcome. However, they must be properly combined. That is where the directions become important. If you fail to combine the ingredients as outlined in the directions, then the end result may not be what you wanted and you will have failed to satisfy your hunger.
Once you have the ingredients, there will be directions to guide you. The may include information outlining when things need to be done, the order in which they need to be done, and how long it will take to achieve the end result.
Ultimately, if you truly have the hunger for something and you follow the recipe, then you can satisfy that hunger and relish in the happiness that follows.
If you have the hunger for a good blueberry muffin, try out the recipe above and let me know what you think. I'm craving one right now.
posts? I can write hi quality posts for you. Let me know if you are interested.


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The 2021 Nelson Ball Prize Presentation
at 12/17/2021 03:12:00 PM No comments:
And the winner of the 2021 Nelson Ball Prize…
More details forthcoming soon!
:The shortlist for the 2021 Nelson Ball Prize!
at 11/26/2021 11:05:00 AM No comments:
Last call for nominations for the 2021 Nelson Ball Prize!
Toronto poet Mark Truscott wins inaugural Nelson Ball Prize for his book Branches
On the evening of December 14, during a Zoom gathering, Toronto poet Mark Truscott was awarded the first Nelson Ball Prize for his 2018 collection Branches, from Book*hug. The prize comes with a commemorative plaque and $1,000, provided by donors from across the country.
Nelson Ball's friends Stuart Ross and Catherine Stevenson hosted the event, attended by over fifty people (not bad for a Zoom event!). The presentation featured brief reading by all five shortlisted poets: Cameron Anstee, Mike Barnes, Susan Gillis, Thomas King, and Truscott. Bookseller and Nelson friend James McDonald read the thoughtful citations he and co-judge Beverley Daurio, the Toronto writer and onetime publisher, prepared.
I will be posting all the citation, as well as the recording of the Zoom event, soon. For now, here are James and Bev's words on the winning book:
The opening lines of Branches—one line per page—are about a line (or is it a branch?). We inch along, searching for definition in the oscillating throw of metaphor: "a branch like a line like a branch". The desire to know, that exilic quality of the mind, is an old drama, and in Branches, Truscott enacts the wanderings of the mind with single intent, and finds in the poetic line a direction home, a way of going further in the direction of what is to be thought, the direction that goes in both directions simultaneously. This book gives moving testimony of the need for poetry. For this reason, and so many others that you must discover by reading the book, we have chosen Branches by Mark Truscott as the winner of the Nelson Ball Prize for this inaugural year.
More info coming soon! And stay tuned for information on how to submit 2020 titles for the Nelson Ball Prize.
The 2020 Nelson Ball Prize award ceremony: December 14, online
The inaugural Nelson Ball Prize will be awarded on Monday, December 14, at 7:30 p.m. ET. The proceedings will feature brief readings by each of the shortlisted poets, as well as remarks by the judges and announcement of the winner. I'll kick the event off by talking a bit about Nelson and the origins of the prize.
You can get a free ticket to this online ceremony right here.
Stuart Ross
for the Nelson Ball Prize Committee
The 2020 Nelson Ball Prize Shortlist
The 2020 Nelson Ball Prize shortlist was announced today, December 3. The judges this year are Beverley Daurio and James McDonald — both publishers of Nelson and close friends. This year's prize rewards a distinguished publication by a Canadian poet, published in Canada in 2018 or 2019, that features "poetry of observation," one of Nelson's great interests. One hundred and ten entries arrived for consideration.
The Nelson Ball Prize consists of a framed certificate and a cheque for $1,000. The funds have been generously provided by relatives, friends, and fans of Nelson Ball. We are grateful for their kindness and devotion to Nelson's legacy.
The winner will be announced during an online event on December 14. (Further details will be posted on this blog.)
Here is the shortlist:
Cameron Anstee, The Book of Annotations (Invisible Publishing, 2018)
Mike Barnes, Braille Rainbow (Biblioasis, 2019)
Susan Gillis, Yellow Crane (Brick Books, 2018)
Thomas King, 77 Fragments of a Familiar Ruin (HarperCollins, 2019)
Mark Truscott, Branches (Book*hug Press, 2018)
The 2020 Nelson Ball Prize Longlist
The Nelson Ball Prize longlist was announced on October 30. Judges Beverley Daurio and James McDonald — both publishers of Nelson and close friends — read through 110 publications released in 2018 and 2019 to arrive at this list. The prize rewards a distinguished publication by a Canadian poet, published in Canada, that features "poetry of observation," one of Nelson's great interests.
Here is the longlist:
Michael E. Casteels, snowfall (Puddles of Sky Press, 2018)
Chantal Gibson, How She Read (Caitlin Press, 2019)
James Hawes, Bus Metro Walk (Monk Press, 2018)
Jason Heroux, The Book of Blessings (Puddles of Sky Press, 2019)
Amanda Jernigan, Years, Months, Days (Biblioasis, 2018)
Basma Kavanagh, Ruba'iyat for the Time of Apricots (Frontenac House, 2018)
Tara McGowan-Ross, Scorpion Season (Insomniac Press, 2019)
On the evening of December 14, during a Zoom gathering, Toronto poet Mark Truscott was awarded the first Nelson Ball Prize for his 2018 coll...
Nelson Ball
The Nelson Ball Prize
Nelson Ball (1942–2019) was a poet who lived in Paris, Ontario. Known for his minimalist nature poems, he flew somewhat under the radar. Nelson began writing in the 1960s and continued until his death. He is the author of scores of books and chapbooks. The Nelson Ball Prize is awarded annually to a publication, by a Canadian poet and published in Canada, that displays "poetry of observation," as chosen by two judges. The $1,000 purse has been donated by family, friends, and fans of Nelson Ball.


You are visiting the placeholder page for Kevin Ray. This page is here because someone used our placeholder utility to look for Kevin Ray. We created this page automatically in hopes Kevin Ray would find it. If you are not Kevin Ray, but are an alumni of Lavaca High School, register on this site for free now.


Dwayne Wade announced he's returning to the Miami Heat and the Heat have made it official.
Wade announced he was returning to the Heat to play one final season, his 16th, in an emotional video broadcast on his YouTube channel.
He had been weighing the decision on whether to retire most of the offseason. He said if he did return, it would only be to play for the Heat.
That decision was made official Sunday.
"I've always did things my way," said Wade, who is believed to have signed a $2.4 million, one-year contract. "Whether they've good or whether they've been bad, I got here because I've done things the way that I feel is right for me and right for my family. And what I feel is right … I feel it's right to ask you guys to join me for one last dance, for one last season.
Wade, 36, is the Heat's career leader in points, assists, steals and games played.
He started the season with the Cleveland Cavaliers, appearing in a fairly inconsistent 46 games. But he found new life after the Cavs traded him to the Heat in February — averaging 12.0 points, 3.4 rebounds and 3.1 assists in 21 games. He then averaged 16.6 points in five playoff contests.


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Schwarzenegger Asks Doctors, Businesses to Buy Into Universal Health Care Plan
By Kenny Goldberg / Health Reporter, KPBS Public Broadcasting
Governor Schwarzenegger has been touring throughout the state to drum up support for his healthcare reform package. The governor says his ultimate goal is to make sure everyone in California has insur
Governor Schwarzenegger has been touring throughout the state to drum up support for his healthcare reform package. The governor says his ultimate goal is to make sure everyone in California has insurance. To help pay for it, he's asking doctors, hospitals, and some business owners to cough up a percentage of their income. As KPBS Health Reporter Kenny Goldberg explains, that idea isn't going over too well.
It's lunchtime at Players Bar and Grill in Clairemont Mesa. The place is packed with locals grabbing a quick bite, or shooting pool. Owner Mike Pasulka says business is good. But he says it's a constant grind.
<b> Mike Pasulka: </b> It's not easy. Everybody thinks that you own a business and you're rich, and by no means are you. Most of my employees if you look at an hourly basis make more money than I do.
A few years ago, Pasulka offered his 30 employees a group health insurance plan. He says most of them didn't want to pay into it. Under Governor Schwarzenegger's proposal, businesses with ten or more employees would have to provide health coverage. Or, companies would pay four percent of their payroll to help the state cover the uninsured.
Pasulka says that idea stinks.
<b> Pasulka: </b> It's basically saying, Mike, I want you to take $2,500 a month out of your pocket, and give it to me, so I can decide who it gets distributed to.
Restaurants statewide would be hard hit by the governor's plan. That's why the California Restaurant Association says it will fight to get an employer mandate taken out of the proposal.
Another group hoping for changes is the California Medical Association, more than 34,000 doctors strong.
Dr. Ted Mazer and patient: You're having the headaches in the morning. The headaches are not coming from obstructive sleep disorder, that we know for sure, we've gone through that . .
CMA board member Ted Mazer is an ear, nose, and throat specialist in San Diego.
Governor Schwarzenegger wants doctors like Mazer to help treat more of California's uninsured. The governor is offering to boost Medi-Cal payments as an incentive. In exchange, he wants to doctors to pay what he calls a two percent dividend on their gross income. Mazer says physicians want to do what they can to help. But he says a two percent tax is beyond the pale.
<b> Mazer: </b> How would you feel if I came to you and said you've been so good to me for the last year helping me do things, I'd like to buy you a great big present. Give me your credit card so I can charge it to you.
Mazer says the governor's plan would be even worse for hospitals. It would give them higher Medi-Cal rates, but would charge back four percent of their gross revenue.
<b> Mazer: </b> If you're going to tax gross revenues, you're going to wipe out any margin for reinvestment, or maybe force hospitals in the red. This at a time when hospitals are already behind in being able to capitalize, and are being asked to spend billions on seismic retrofit. That's a non-starter.
Officials with the Schwarzenegger administration take these criticisms in stride. Sandra Shewry directs the California Department of Health Services. She says the governor's reform plan is based on the idea of everyone giving up something for the greater good.
<b> Shewry: </b> We feel that that is a fair balance. We know that every sector in society's gonna benefit from a comprehensive reform, and the governor's calling on every sector to change a bit in terms of how they practice what they do today.
Shewry says that includes the insurance industry.
Under the proposal, insurance companies could no longer deny people coverage because of their medical history.
Chris Ohman is president of the California Association of Health Plans.
He likes the idea of requiring everyone in the state to be insured. But Ohman says to avoid problems, people must maintain that coverage year-round. Otherwise, people could buy insurance when they need an expensive procedure, and then cancel it.
<b> Ohman: </b> And really when what you're doing when that happens, is you leave the rest of the folks who have coverage with your bill. And that's not fair.
Ohman is also concerned about another provision in Schwarzenegger's plan. It would require companies to spend 85 cents of every premium dollar on patient care. Ultimately though, Ohman says insurers would like to work things out.
<b> Ohman: </b> The health plan industry is generally supportive. There are parts of the proposal which are challenging for us. But we are working hard to get to yes.
The key is whether the California legislature will get to yes. So far, Democrats seem to be supportive. Republicans on the other hand, don't like the employer mandate.
Hearings on Schwarzenegger's plan will begin later this month.
Kenny Goldberg, KPBS News.
Kenny Goldberg
Kenny Goldberg covered health for KPBS, where he reported on a wide range of health-related topics. His radio and television work garnered three Golden Mike awards, Best in Show from the Society of Professional Journalists, and numerous other honors. He has also been awarded fellowships from the New York Times Foundation and the National Press Foundation. In addition to his work for KPBS, Kenny was a frequent contributor to the California Report, heard on public radio stations throughout California. A Seattle native, Kenny graduated from the University of Washington, and began his broadcasting career in the news departments of KOGO and KSDO in San Diego. In his spare time, Kenny loves to practice tai chi, hike, and travel with his wife, Angela.
See stories by Kenny Goldberg


On July 28, the first card was revealed, Ronaldo Nazario , a Brazilian striker who, as many would remember, played in Inter, Milan, Real Madrid and Barcelona. In Fifa 18 Ronaldo "The phenomenon" will have a total rating of 94 , probably one of the highest we will find in the Ultimate Team .
The next day was touched by Russian goalkeeper Lev Yashin also in the 1963 season managed to win the Golden Ball with fifa 18 coin generator for free fifa 18 coins, the only extreme defender ever to be in the company. Yashin, who fought in Dinamo Moscow, in Fifa 18 Ultimate Team will have a value of 91.
Each of these legends of the past will be available in three versions with different statistics and roles, corresponding to various stages of their careers.
FIFA 18 FUT : Icons!


text:
Foremark Hall, Foremark, Repton, 1804
Location Foremark Hall
Town Foremark
Foremark, or Fornewerke as it was called in the Domesday Book when it belonged to Nigel de Stafford, passed through various Norman families before it was acquired by Sir Robert Francis. His heiress, Jane, married Thomas Burdett of Bramcote who was created a baronet in 1618. The magnificent Palladian mansion which is now Repton Prep School was once the home of the Burdett family. It was built in 1759 by Sir Robert Burdett, the 4th baronet, to the design of his architect David Hiorns of Warwick and stands on the site of an earlier house. The imposing Georgian hall took four years to build. Whilst the work was undertaken, Sir Robert moved his family and servants to Knowle Hill House. (When on July 27th 1763 Sir Robert Burdett move back to Foremark Hall, Knowle Hill House was mostly demolished and converted into pleasure gardens.) Sir Francis Burdett, the fifth Baronet of Foremark was born in 1770. He was a good and courageous man, a member of Parliament and very popular with the people. For his radical views on the laws of the land at that time he was imprisoned in the Tower of London and fined £40,000. To pay this enormous fine the oak trees out of Robin Wood were felled. The trees were then cut into suitable lengths in saw pits on the bank of the River Trent. From there the wood was transported by boat and sold to raise the fine money. Sir Francis was devoted to his wife and when she died in January 1844 he refused both food and drink and died a few days later of grief. They were buried together on the same day in the same vault in Foremark Church. His heir was Sir Robert Burdett who reportedly ruled the village with a rod of iron. After the Second World War it became a Preparatory School for Repton School. This image is one of a collection by the famous local antiquarian, Thomas Bateman, of Middleton by Youlgreave. (1821-1861). Bateman organized his collection by inserting them into a 4 volume copy of Lysons Magna Britannia, Derbyshire, creating a fascinating and unique illustrated record of the county. The purchase of the collection for Derbyshire Libraries was made possible by the generous bequest of Miss Frances Webb of Whaley Bridge, well known local historian, who died in December 2006.


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Highland Family Histories
Zabriskie
George Albert & Anna Christena Jensen Zabriskie
George was born November 16, 1856, in Provo, Utah Territory to Alva and Susan Roberts Zabriskie. His father, who had fought in the Black Hawk War, died of pneumonia at the age of thirty-five, leaving his mother with three small boys to support. This she did by taking in washing, cleaning house or anything she could find. Much kindness was shown her, not only by church members but by other neighbors as well, including Benjamin Bauchman, who brought her flour and potatoes. They suffered a great deal for food and clothing in their early years and when the boys were able to care for themselves they lived away from home. George lived with Andrew Stewart, then with Bishop Tanner on a farm in Pleasant Grove where he went to school at the University of Timpanogos, where the principle leaders were Narrow and Dusenberry. He later became a school teacher and taught for several years at Milburn, Sanpete County, Utah. He was ordained an Elder by Erastus R. Snow in 1872.
Anna was born November 6, 1865, in Richfield, Utah Territory to Peter Christian and Kjersten Jensen. George and Anna were married in April 1882, by a justice of the peace and were sealed in the Manti Temple in 1889. When their first child was born Anna became very ill with child bed fever. After some weeks the doctor said he could do nothing more. George's mother suggested they call in the elders for a blessing. One of those elders put his arm around George and said "George, why don't you take hold of the work of the Lord, you could do so much good." He had always been prayerful and had faith in God but had been inactive in the Church. He left the room and prayed for his wife and promised God that if he would heal her he would spend his entire live serving Him and working for the advancement of His work and that he would do all in his power to keep the promise. Anna was healed and they had twelve children: George Alva, Mary Christena, Susan Cecelia, Maude, John Peter, Sythia Mabel, Claudius Marcellus, Arvilla Serena, Albert Morley, Olive, Zella Monetah, and Coral Ruby. He kept his promise and worked with the younger generation quite a bit.
In 1888 he managed the Milburn co-op store and in 1891 he engaged in saw milling. He was active in civic affairs and held many positions. He accumulated wealth but lost it in the panic of the turn of the century. They moved to Fairview in 1898 and owned a mercantile, a sawmill and a farm. In 1904 they moved to Vineyard where they owned a fruit farm. In 1914 they moved to Highland (Number 21 on the 1958 Highland map - 10965 N 6400 W).
In July of 1915, a special meeting was called for the Church members of Highland (there were about one hundred seventy-five or so residents at that time). Stephen L. Chipman, Alpine Stake President, his counselors James H. Clark and Abel John Evans and Bishop John R. Hinckley of the American Fork 3rd Ward organized the Highland Ward with members from the 3rd Ward and Alpine (and a few from Lehi). Slips of paper were passed around for the membership to write the names of three brethren they would like for a bishopric. George Albert Zabriskie was chosen as bishop, Orville Cox Day as 1st counselor and Stephen F. Beck as 2nd counselor with Archie R Taylor as ward clerk. These brethren were ordained and set apart on Sunday, August 1, 1915, by Apostle Francis M Lyman. (August 1 has been noted [and celebrated] ever since as the beginning of the Highland ward.)
George had served as a counselor in a bishopric prior to his move to Highland and made a very fine bishop. He was almost sixty years old and the people loved him as a father. He was a student, a great reader, a deep thinker and had a wonderful memory.
In 1920, after five years as bishop, he and his family moved to American Fork to make their home. On July 11 of that year he was released and Wayne Chipman Booth was ordained as the second bishop of Highland. George also served in many other capacities in the church: Sunday School Superintendent, ward clerk, Sunday School teacher and MIA teacher.
George and Anna died three weeks apart, Anna on October 23 and George on November 13, 1930, and they are buried in the Provo City Cemetery.
Source: HIGHLAND HISTORY: A compilation by Charles T Greenland II for the Highland Historical Society
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3M named as one of the World's Most Ethical Companies for 8th year in a row
The Ethisphere Institute today recognized 3M for ethics and integrity in business conduct and compliance for the eighth straight year. 3M is one of only eight industrial companies worldwide to be honored this year.
Recognizing that corporate integrity, character, and transparency impact the public trust of companies, the Ethisphere Institute defines and advances standards of ethical business practices through data-driven insights.
"Acting with unwavering integrity is a critical component of 3M's culture and guides how 3M does business," said Michael Duran, 3M vice president and chief ethics and compliance officer. "In these challenging times, I am especially proud of the more than 90,000 3Mers who every day live 3M values and protect our reputation. This honor and our success as a company belongs to them."
3M's Code of Conduct is part of 3M's values and is a competitive advantage. It is what makes 3M's reputation as an ethical company among consumers and across many industries. 3M leaders create and promote a workplace environment where compliance and ethical business conduct are expected and encouraged by leading through example.
3M is one of 135 companies around the world designated as one of the World's Most Ethical Companies in 2021. The assessment includes more than 200 questions on culture, environmental and social practices, ethics and compliance activities, governance, diversity, and initiatives to support a strong value chain.
This year, questions focused on how companies are handling global health pandemic, environmental, social, and governance factors as well as safety, equity and inclusion, and social justice.
You can learn more about 3M's Code of Conduct and Ethics & Compliance by visiting: https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/ethics-compliance/code/
The full list of the 2021 World's Most Ethical Companies can be found at: https://worldsmostethicalcompanies.com/honorees


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Court of Appeal at Nairobi[513]
Roselyn Naliaka Nambuye[94]
Wanjiru Karanja[75]
Daniel Kiio Musinga[54]
Hannah Magondi Okwengu[48]
Milton Stephen Asike-Makhandia[44]
Jamila Mohammed[39]
Martha Karambu Koome[36]
Fatuma sichale[25]
William Ouko[16]
Mohammed Abdullahi Warsame[15]
Sankale ole Kantai[12]
(Dr) Kibuya Imaana Laibuta[11]
Patrick Omwenga Kiage[10]
Agnes Kalekye Murgor[7]
Amraphael Mbogholi-Msagha[7]
Stephen Gatembu Kairu[6]
Hellen Amolo Omondi[5]
Grace Lidembu Nzioka[1]
Jessie Wanjiku Lesiit[1]
Maureen Akinyi Odero[1]
Pauline Nyamweya[1]
You searched for cases with the following details ; Filter Case Year : 2021. Court Name : Court of Appeal at Nyeri.
Nyaboke V Ncba Bank Kenya Plc & Another (Civil Application E308 Of 2021) [2021] KECA 323 (KLR) (20 December 2021) (Ruling)
Case Number: Civil Application E308 of 2021 Date Delivered: 20 Dec 2021
Judge: Roselyn Naliaka Nambuye, Pauline Nyamweya
Court: Court of Appeal at Nairobi
Parties: Nyaboke v Ncba Bank Kenya Plc & another
Citation: Nyaboke v Ncba Bank Kenya Plc & another (Civil Application E308 of 2021) [2021] KECA 323 (KLR) (20 December 2021) (Ruling)
MMMM V JGCM & 2 Others (Civil Application 215 Of 2018) [2021] KECA 320 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)
Case Number: Civil Application 215 of 2018 Date Delivered: 17 Dec 2021
Judge: Daniel Kiio Musinga, Patrick Omwenga Kiage, Stephen Gatembu Kairu
Parties: MMMM v JGCM & 2 others
Citation: MMMM v JGCM & 2 others (Civil Application 215 of 2018) [2021] KECA 320 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)
Chief Justice And President Of The Supreme Court Of Kenya & Another V Khaemba (Civil Appeal 522 Of 2019) [2021] KECA 322 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Judgment)
Case Number: Civil Appeal 522 of 2019 Date Delivered: 17 Dec 2021
Judge: Milton Stephen Asike-Makhandia, Sankale ole Kantai, Pauline Nyamweya
Parties: Chief Justice and President of the Supreme Court of Kenya & another v Khaemba
Citation: Chief Justice and President of the Supreme Court of Kenya & another v Khaemba (Civil Appeal 522 of 2019) [2021] KECA 322 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Judgment)
The Judicial Service Commission, not the Chief Justice, was the body/office empowered to make any decision regarding the payment of judicial officers on suspension.
Brief facts
On May 30, 2019 the respondent received a letter from the Chief Justice, requesting him to explain why he handled only one matter when he was not in the duty court, to which he replied in writing on June 6, 2019. A few days later on May 30, 2019 after dispensing with the matter, the respondent received a letter from the Chief Justice, requesting him to explain why he handled only one matter when he was not in the duty court, to which he replied in writing on June 6, 2019. Subsequently, the Chief Justice exercised delegated power from the JSC, wrote to the respondent, and in the letter, the Chief Justice suspended the respondent without pay for gross misconduct, in particular for entertaining a matter which the respondent had no jurisdiction to entertain.
The respondent successfully obtained orders that the letter of the Chief Justice was illegal null and void for being in contravention of articles 41, 47(1) and 236 of the Constitution. The trial court further made a declaration that the appellants pay the respondent all salaries, allowances and other contractual and statutory benefits withheld throughout the suspension period, and directed the appellants to reinstate the respondent to his employment and to continue in employment without loss of rank status and benefits. Aggrieved, the appellants filed the instant appeal, challenging the decision of the High Court on grounds that the appellants acted within their constitutional and statutory powers to discipline the respondent.
Whether the Chief Justice had the power to suspend a judicial officer who was facing a disciplinary process.
Whether dismissal proceedings could be undertaken before the Chief Justice could exercise the power of suspension of a judicial officer under paragraph 17(2) of the Third Schedule to the Judicial Service Act.
What were the stages required to be undertaken by the Chief Justice in dismissal proceedings against a judicial officer?
At what stage of the disciplinary proceedings was the Chief Justice deemed to be able to make an opinion that an officer ought to be dismissed?
Between the Judicial Service Commission and the Chief Justice, which body/office was empowered to make any decision as regards the payment of judicial officers on suspension?
Whether the action of the Chief Justice to suspend a judicial officer without pay and to require the judicial officer to show cause why the judicial officer should not be subject to disciplinary action before dismissal proceedings were undertaken was unfair and illegal.
Whether the court would rely on the doctrine of exhaustion of remedies where there was a clear abuse of discretion by the bodies to who the court was to refer.
Relevant provisions of the law
Judicial Service Act, Act No. 1 of 2011
Third Schedule Paragraphs 17 - Suspension
(1) Where an officer has been convicted of a serious criminal offence, other than such as are referred to in paragraph 28(2), the Chief Justice may suspend the officer from the exercise of the functions of their office pending consideration of their case under this Schedule.
(2) The Chief Justice may suspend from the exercise of the functions of their officer against whom proceedings for dismissal have been taken if, as a result of those proceedings, he considers that the officer ought to be dismissed.
Being a first appellate the court would consider the issues by re-evaluating the evidence adduced in the trial court and arriving at its own conclusions of fact and law. The court would only depart from the findings by the trial court if they were not based on the evidence on record, or where the trial court was shown to have acted on wrong principles of law.
There were two conditions that were provided for the exercise of the power to suspend an officer under paragraph 17 of the Third Schedule to the Judicial Service Commission Act. The first was stated in paragraph 17(1), which was when an officer had been convicted of a serious criminal offence, other than the minor offences referred to in paragraph 28(2). Where the condition precedent of conviction of a criminal offence in paragraph 17(1) obtained, the Chief Justice had power to peremptorily suspend a judicial officer from the exercise of the functions of that office, pending consideration of the case in the manner provided under the Third Schedule. That condition was not applicable in the circumstances of the respondents disciplinary process, as no evidence was availed by the appellants that the respondent was charged with, or convicted of any criminal offence.
The second condition was in paragraph 17 (1) of the Third Schedule to the Judicial Service Act, which provided that the Chief Justice could suspend an officer against whom proceedings for dismissal had been taken if, as a result of those proceedings, he considered that the officer ought to be dismissed. Therefore, there was a condition precedent that dismissal proceedings had to be undertaken before the power of suspension was exercised.
The dismissal proceedings were set out in paragraph 25. A plain reading and interpretation of the provisions of paragraph 25 showed four stages required to be undertaken by the Chief Justice in the dismissal proceedings against a judicial officer. First, an inquiry; second, institution of the disciplinary proceedings by way of framing and forwarding of the charge or charges and any accompanying statements to the judicial officer, third, an invitation and opportunity to the officer concerned to state his or her case; and fourth, if the officer failed to exculpate himself or herself, laying of the charges and response if any before the JSC for a decision as to whether the disciplinary proceedings should continue or not.
The Chief Justice undertook proceedings in the nature of a confidential preliminary inquiry, and prior to the decision by the Judicial Service Commission (JSC) that disciplinary proceedings should continue against an officer, there would be no ground for the Chief Justice to suspend the officer as was provided for and envisaged in paragraph 25 (3) of the Third Schedule.
It was a condition precedent that before a suspension was effected under paragraph 17(2) of the Third Schedule to the Judicial Service Act, the applicable dismissal proceedings provided under paragraph 25 of the Third Schedule had to be undertaken. The duty of procedural fairness imposed upon the Chief Justice by article 47 of the Constitution and the provisions of the Fair Administrative Action Act, would also require that the process under paragraph 25 be undertaken where a suspension was being effected pursuant to paragraph 17(2) of the Third Schedule. Under the provisions of paragraph 17(2) as read with paragraph 25 of the Judicial Service Act, the Chief Justice could only make an opinion as to whether a judicial officer should be dismissed after considering the officers response or lack thereof to the charges made, and after approval of his recommendation to continue with the disciplinary process, including any suspension, by the Judicial Service Commission.
The Chief Justice suspended the respondent with nil pay, and at the same time specifically required the respondent to show cause why disciplinary action should not be taken against him within fourteen (14) days. In effect, the suspension of the respondent was therefore imposed before the dismissal proceedings provided by paragraph 25 were undertaken, including the approval by the Judicial Service Commission. To that extent, the Chief Justice exercised the power to suspend the respondent unfairly and illegally, as there was non-compliance with the applicable conditions under paragraph 17(2) and paragraph 25 of the Third Schedule to the Judicial Service Act. The trial Court did not err in its findings in that respect.
Paragraph 17(3) of the Third Schedule to the Judicial Service Act provided that while an officer was suspended from the exercise of the functions of their office they were to be granted an alimentary allowance in such amount and on such terms as the Commission would by regulations determine. An allowance was a share or portion of money that was assigned or granted. The Concise Oxford English Dictionary defined alimentary as relating to nourishment or sustenance.
There was no express, implied or other provision or suggestion in the Judicial Service Act and Employment Act of 2007 that the salary of a judicial officer or other staff on suspension would be withheld or not paid during the period of suspension. The respondent could not be penalised in the absence of such a clear rule. In addition, his entitlement to alimentary allowance under paragraph 17(3) of the Third Schedule to the Judicial Service Act, had its basis on the Constitutional provisions on fair labour practices and the concept of reasonableness. It was notable that repository of the power to determine the pay a judicial officer on suspension in paragraph 17(3) of the Third Schedule was the Judicial Service Commission and not the Chief Justice, who was not therefore empowered to make any decision as regards the pay of judicial officers on suspension.
The respondents entitlement, was not diminished in any manner for want of provision and regulations by the JSC in that regard. That was one of the reasons why suspensions of judicial officers in the circumstances such as those of the instant appeal ought to be sanctioned by JSC, so that it could address its mind to the regulations needed by the Third Schedule to the Judicial Service Act with regard to payment of alimentary allowance and other conditions of suspension. The Registrar of the Court of Appeal was directed to send a copy of the judgment for the attention of the Attorney General, in light of the identified amendments and regulations required to be made to, and under the Third Schedule to the Judicial Service Act. For the purposes of the appeal, however, it sufficed that the suspension of the respondent with nil pay was illegal.
Exhaustion of alternative remedies was a constitutional and legal imperative under article 159(2)(c) of the Constitution and section 9(2) and (3) of the Fair Administrative Action Act. That position notwithstanding, courts retained the residual jurisdiction to intervene in exceptional circumstances despite the existence of an alternative remedy.
The disciplinary process by the 1st appellant against the respondent was marred from the start with illegality and procedural irregularity. It was evident that the Chief Justice had already made a finding in the letter dated June 13, 2019 that the respondents actions amounted to gross misconduct, and therefore, as regards the respondents culpability. The respondent was also subjected to extreme hardship having been illegally and indefinitely suspended with nil pay. Continuing with the disciplinary process in the circumstances would essentially have been an exercise in futility, and aid in the continued violation of the respondents rights,
The impugned disciplinary process, having been irregular and illegal ab initio, meant there were no valid proceedings that could be remitted back to the appellants for consideration. The trial court did not err in granting orders to restore the respondent to the status he was before the impugned disciplinary proceedings.
Kenya Council Of Employment And Migration Agencies V National Police Service Commission & 8 Others (Civil Application 35 Of 2019) [2021] KECA 360 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)
Case Number: Civil Application 35 of 2019 Date Delivered: 17 Dec 2021
Judge: Jamila Mohammed
Parties: Kenya Council of Employment and Migration Agencies v National Police Service Commission & 8 others
Citation: Kenya Council of Employment and Migration Agencies v National Police Service Commission & 8 others (Civil Application 35 of 2019) [2021] KECA 360 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)
Kenya Revenue Authority V Odando & Another (Civil Application E381 Of 2021) [2021] KECA 325 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)
Judge: Milton Stephen Asike-Makhandia, Jamila Mohammed, (Dr) Kibuya Imaana Laibuta
Parties: Kenya Revenue Authority v Odando & another
Citation: Kenya Revenue Authority v Odando & another (Civil Application E381 of 2021) [2021] KECA 325 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)
Mulandi V Republic (Criminal Appeal 97 Of 2019) [2021] KECA 326 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Judgment)
Case Number: Criminal Appeal 97 of 2019 Date Delivered: 17 Dec 2021
Judge: Amraphael Mbogholi-Msagha, Milton Stephen Asike-Makhandia, Hellen Amolo Omondi
Parties: Mulandi v Republic
Citation: Mulandi v Republic (Criminal Appeal 97 of 2019) [2021] KECA 326 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Judgment)
Peter Ndegwa Kiai T/a Pema Wines & Spirits V Attorney General & 2 Others (Civil Appeal 243 Of 2017) [2021] KECA 328 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Judgment)
Judge: Hellen Amolo Omondi, Sankale ole Kantai, Pauline Nyamweya
Parties: Peter Ndegwa Kiai t/a Pema Wines & Spirits v Attorney General & 2 others
Citation: Peter Ndegwa Kiai t/a Pema Wines & Spirits v Attorney General & 2 others (Civil Appeal 243 of 2017) [2021] KECA 328 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Judgment)
Wanjiku V Republic (Criminal Appeal 23 Of 2019) [2021] KECA 330 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Judgment)
Judge: Hannah Magondi Okwengu, Mohammed Abdullahi Warsame, Jamila Mohammed
Parties: Wanjiku v Republic
Citation: Wanjiku v Republic (Criminal Appeal 23 of 2019) [2021] KECA 330 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Judgment)
Katampoi V Nyambura & Another (Civil Appeal (Application) E374 Of 2021) [2021] KECA 332 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)
Case Number: Civil Appeal (Application) E374 of 2021 Date Delivered: 17 Dec 2021
Parties: Katampoi v Nyambura & another
Citation: Katampoi v Nyambura & another (Civil Appeal (Application) E374 of 2021) [2021] KECA 332 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)
Suraya Property Group Limited V Gatabaka & 2 Others (Civil Appeal (Application) 13 Of 2019) [2021] KECA 335 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)
Case Number: Civil Appeal (Application) 13 of 2019 Date Delivered: 17 Dec 2021
Judge: (Dr) Kibuya Imaana Laibuta
Parties: Suraya Property Group Limited v Gatabaka & 2 others
Citation: Suraya Property Group Limited v Gatabaka & 2 others (Civil Appeal (Application) 13 of 2019) [2021] KECA 335 (KLR) (17 December 2021) (Ruling)


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The cantera (quarry) of Spanish professional football club CA Osasuna  is the organisation's youth academy, developing players from childhood through to the integration of the best prospects into the adult teams.

The final category within the youth structure is the Juvenil A () under-18/19 team which represents the club in national competition. The successful graduates then usually move to the club's affiliated team for younger players, CD Subiza (previously CD Iruña), or to the reserve team, Osasuna B which are also considered part of the cantera due to being stages in progression towards the senior team, albeit competing in the adult league system.

The academy is based at the club training complex, Tajonar, which is often the name used informally to refer to the system itself.

Background
The top football clubs in the Spanish leagues generally place great importance in developing their cantera to promote the players from within or sell to other clubs as a source of revenue, and Osasuna is no exception. Their youth recruitment network is focused primarily around their home region of Navarre and there are collaboration agreements in place with the small clubs in the region.

Navarre has a population of just 640,000, a small catchment zone for an elite football club, and additionally Osasuna faces a battle for some of the region's talented young players due to the presence of Athletic Bilbao, whose Basque-only player recruitment policy includes Navarre in its definition. In the 1990s and 2000s, several prominent players made the journey directly from Pamplona to Bilbao, including Ziganda, Larrainzar, Lacruz, Tiko, Orbaiz, Javi Martínez, David López and Muñoz, while others such as Goikoetxea, José Mari and Ezquerro moved from Osasuna to Athletic via other clubs. The Biscay organisation have an affiliate team (UDC Txantrea) in Pamplona, and several promising players who might otherwise have been likely to join Osasuna, the closest major club to their home towns (such as Iraizoz, Gurpegui, Llorente, San José and Muniain) were recruited by Athletic instead. This situation of increasingly aggressive recruitment fostered a tense relationship between the two clubs, arguably more so than any on-field battles.

After a spell in the late 2000s during which Osasuna had few new academy graduates joining their main squad while Athletic reached a European final with a team full of Navarros, the trend reversed: Osasuna's relegation from La Liga in 2014 provided an opportunity for several academy players to integrate into the side in the less intense atmosphere of the second tier, and they played a role in the club's return to the top level in 2016. Meanwhile, Athletic recruited hardly any further youth players from Navarre in the same period, although the likes of Williams and Remiro were already at the Bilbao club. In the late 2010s, Villarreal also began to make repeated 'raids' on Osasuna, enticing several young teenagers to join their setup, as did Barcelona.

According to a 2016 report, Osasuna had a total of 11 homegrown players (as per UEFA guidelines, three years of training between 15 and 21 years old) still at their formative club, with another five at other top clubs across Europe. As a club from a small city with limited resources, the youth department's ability to train such coveted players (as well as provide others to the senior squad) is a vital source of income. The departures of four of the former youth players, all of whom became Spanish internationals – Raúl García, Monreal, Javi Martínez and Azpilicueta – earned Osasuna €31 million in transfer fees; the fifth and last of those departures, under-21 midfielder Mikel Merino, brought in a further €4 million.

In the summer of 2017, Álex Berenguer became the latest canterano to move abroad for a considerable fee (€5.5 million), an important financial boost in the wake of another relegation. Athletic Bilbao had been interested in Berenguer, but no deal was agreed due in part to the rivalry between the clubs. At the same time, Athletic secured the signature of 18-year-old Jesús Areso from Osasuna's youth team, paying his modest contractual release clause amount, making it impossible for the Pamplona club to reject the approach; this led to Osasuna temporarily breaking relations with their Bilbao neighbours in annoyance due to the impolite manner in which their board felt the business was conducted. Athletic eventually signed Berenguer three years later, triggering an additional €1.5 million payment from Torino to Osasuna, set up to hinder their advances of the Areso dispute at the height. A further small fee was also received in relation to milestones achieved by Oihan Sancet who moved to Bilbao in 2015 as a juvenile under freedom of contract. In a rare move in the opposite direction, Areso was welcomed back to Osasuna in the summer of 2021, still looked upon as a good prospect but never used by Athletic's first team and also frozen out in the reserve squad after he and the club failed to agree contractual terms.

Another analysis in 2016 concluded that the Navarre region was the most successful in Spain for producing top-level footballers per head of population (25 players, equating to 39 per million residents) thanks to the efforts of both Osasuna and Athletic Bilbao in recruiting and developing local talent.

National Competitions
The Juvenil A team play in Group II of the División de Honor Juvenil as their regular annual competition.  Their main rivals in the league group are Athletic Bilbao and Real Sociedad. The under-17 team, Juvenil B, plays in the Liga Nacional Juvenil which is the lower division of the same structure.

The team also occasionally participates in the Copa de Campeones and the Copa del Rey Juvenil, qualification for which is dependent on final league group position.  In these nationwide competitions the opposition includes the academy teams of Barcelona, Atlético Madrid, Sevilla and Real Madrid.

International Tournaments

It is possible for Osasuna Juvenil to participate in the UEFA Youth League, either by winning the previous season's Copa de Campeones or by way of the senior team qualifying for the UEFA Champions League group stages, but so far neither has been achieved.

Structure

The core of boys from the Navarre region are first introduced into the Tajonar Futbol 8 teams at around 10 years of age and advance by an age group every season through Infantil, Cadete and Juvenil levels. In the past, players retained after their Juvenil A spell (aged about 17) would typically move to reserve team CA Osasuna B (Promesas) to gain experience in an adult league (Segunda División B level in most years). However, Promesas is an under-23 team and it can be difficult for the youngest players to make an impact. Some other leading clubs in Spain have a further reserve team or an affiliated club in the lower Tercera División level to bridge this gap (see Villarreal CF C/Real Sociedad C/CD Basconia/Sevilla FC C), and in 2016 Osasuna made an agreement with local CD Iruña to fulfil the role. The aim was for some of the youth academy graduates to spend one or two seasons at Iruña before the best progressed to Osasuna Promesas, and thereafter on to the senior team when ready to do so. In practice, the relegation of Promesas in 2017–18 forced Iruña (whose team had included Jon Moncayola that season) to drop into the Navarre regional leagues, below the level considered beneficial for the development of the youth graduates. In 2020, a new agreement was reached with CD Subiza for this purpose.

Head coaches

The coaches are often former Osasuna players who themselves graduated from Tajonar.

Current squad (Juvenil A)

Season to season (Juvenil A)

Superliga / Liga de Honor sub-19
Seasons with two or more trophies shown in bold

División de Honor Juvenil
Seasons with two or more trophies shown in bold

Famous players
Notable graduates who passed through the youth system on their way to establishing themselves with the Osasuna senior side and/or other clubs include:

players currently at Osasuna in bold, 'graduation' year in parentheses

Enrique Martín (1975)
Roberto Santamaría Calavia (1981)
José Ángel Ziganda (1985)
Ion Andoni Goikoetxea (1985)
Txomin Larrainzar (1988)
Iñigo Larrainzar (1989)
José Mari (1989)
Santi Castillejo (1990)
César Cruchaga (1992)
Javier López Vallejo (1992)
Txomin Nagore (1993)
César Palacios (1993)
José Manuel Mateo (1994)
Santiago Ezquerro (1994)
Marí Lacruz (1994)
Chema (1994)
Patxi Puñal (1994)
Tiko (1995)
Josetxo (1995)
Pablo Orbaiz (1996)

Iñaki Muñoz (1997)
Juan Elía (1997)
José Izquierdo (1998)
David López (2001)
Javier Flaño (2001)
Miguel Flaño (2001)
Iñaki Astiz (2002)
Raúl García (2004)
Oier (2005)
Javi Martínez (2005)
César Azpilicueta (2006)
Roberto Torres (2007)
Unai García (2011)
David García (2013)
Miguel Olavide (2013)
Mikel Merino (2014)
Álex Berenguer (2014)
Kike Barja (2014)
Aitor Buñuel (2016)
Jon Moncayola (2017)
Aimar Oroz (2018)

Honours

National competitions

 División de Honor (Group II): (regional league)
0  (Liga Nacional Juvenil 1975-86)
3 2001, 2005, 2017 ( current format since 1995)
 Copa de Campeones:
0 (runners-up 1989) (Superliga Juvenil / Liga de Honor Sub-19, single league, 1986–95)
1 2001 (current format since 1995)
 Copa del Rey: (since 1951)
 winners 0 times
 runners-up 1 time 2004

See also
 CA Osasuna senior team
 Osasuna B 'Promesas' - reserve team
 CD Iruña – affiliated club

References

Cantera
Osasuna
Osasuna

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Have you hooked Up b- and the other ports to the battery?
daromerHave you hooked Up b- and the other ports to the battery?
Are you meassuring output from bms? Did the bms shut down that port due to issues?
Connect the BMS up to a load and run it. Some bms systems does not enable output before you start the charge process.
Not sure about urs though but add a load on it.


text:
Station Kalety is een spoorwegstation in de Poolse plaats Kalety.

Kalety


text:
/*
 * File:   db-measurement-test.c
 * Author: garmin
 *
 * Created on May 29, 2015, 4:23:35 PM
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <CUnit/Basic.h>

#include "../src/db-measurement.h"

/*
 * CUnit Test Suite
 */

int init_suite(void) {
    return 0;
}

int clean_suite(void) {
    return 0;
}

void test_pg_br_Measurement() {
    duk_context *ctx = NULL;
    ctx = duk_create_heap_default();

    /* push the constructor */
    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_Measurement, 1);
    /* constructor call without argument */
    duk_new(ctx, 0);
    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "name");
    CU_ASSERT(duk_is_undefined(ctx, -1));
    duk_pop(ctx);
    duk_pop(ctx);

    /* push the constructor */
    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_Measurement, 1);
    /* constructor call with argument */
    duk_push_string(ctx, "test/api/constructor");
    duk_new(ctx, 1);

    CU_ASSERT(duk_is_object(ctx, -1));

    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "name");
    CU_ASSERT_STRING_EQUAL(duk_require_string(ctx, -1), "test/api/constructor");
    duk_pop(ctx);

    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "typeId");
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(duk_require_number(ctx, -1), 0);
    duk_pop(ctx);

    duk_destroy_heap(ctx);
}

void test_pg_br_measurement_hit() {
    duk_context *ctx = NULL;
    ctx = duk_create_heap_default();

    /* push the constructor */
    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_Measurement, 1);
    /* constructor call with argument */
    duk_push_string(ctx, "test/api/constructor2");
    duk_new(ctx, 1);
    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "name");
    CU_ASSERT(duk_is_string(ctx, -1));
    duk_pop(ctx);

    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "hitValue");
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(duk_require_int(ctx, -1), 0);
    duk_pop(ctx);

    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_measurement_hit, 0);
    duk_dup(ctx, -2);
    duk_call_method(ctx, 0);
    duk_pop(ctx);
    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "hitValue");
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(duk_require_int(ctx, -1), 1);
    duk_pop(ctx);

    duk_destroy_heap(ctx);
}

void test_pg_br_measurement_publish() {
    pg_init_queue();

    duk_context *ctx = NULL;
    ctx = duk_create_heap_default();

    /* push the constructor */
    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_Measurement, 1);
    /* constructor call with argument */
    duk_push_string(ctx, "test/api/publish/hit");
    duk_new(ctx, 1);

    duk_push_int(ctx, 1);
    duk_put_prop_string(ctx, -2, "typeId");

    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_measurement_publish, 0);
    duk_dup(ctx, -2);
    duk_call_method(ctx, 0);

    CU_ASSERT(duk_require_boolean(ctx, -1));

    duk_destroy_heap(ctx);

    /* destroy queue */
    pg_err_t result = pg_clear_queue();
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(result, 1);
    result = pg_destroy_queue();
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(result, 0);
}

void test_pg_br_measurement_publish2() {
    pg_init_queue();

    duk_context *ctx = NULL;
    ctx = duk_create_heap_default();

    /* push the constructor */
    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_Measurement, 1);
    /* constructor call with argument */
    duk_push_string(ctx, "test/api/constructor");
    duk_new(ctx, 1);

    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_measurement_publish, 0);
    duk_dup(ctx, -2);
    duk_call_method(ctx, 0);

    CU_ASSERT(!duk_require_boolean(ctx, -1));

    duk_destroy_heap(ctx);

    /* destroy queue */
    size_t items_cleared = pg_clear_queue();
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(items_cleared, 0);
    pg_err_t result = pg_destroy_queue();
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(result, PG_NO_ERROR);
}

void test_pg_br_measurement_save_timestamp() {
    pg_init_queue();

    duk_context *ctx = NULL;
    ctx = duk_create_heap_default();

    /* push the constructor */
    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_Measurement, 1);
    /* constructor call with argument */
    duk_push_string(ctx, "test/api/constructor2");
    duk_new(ctx, 1);
    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "name");
    CU_ASSERT(duk_is_string(ctx, -1));
    duk_pop(ctx);

    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_measurement_save_timestamp, 0);
    duk_dup(ctx, -2);
    duk_call_method(ctx, 0);
    duk_pop(ctx);
    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "sequence");
    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "length");
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(duk_require_int(ctx, -1), 1);
    duk_pop_2(ctx);
    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_measurement_publish, 0);
    duk_dup(ctx, -2);
    duk_call_method(ctx, 0);

    duk_destroy_heap(ctx);

    /* destroy queue */
    pg_err_t result = pg_clear_queue();
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(result, 1);
    result = pg_destroy_queue();
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(result, 0);
}

void test_pg_br_measurement_save_ram_usage() {
    pg_init_queue();

    duk_context *ctx = NULL;
    ctx = duk_create_heap_default();

    /* push the constructor */
    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_Measurement, 1);
    /* constructor call with argument */
    duk_push_string(ctx, "test/api/ram_usage");
    duk_new(ctx, 1);
    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "name");
    CU_ASSERT(duk_is_string(ctx, -1));
    duk_pop(ctx);

    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_measurement_save_ram_usage, 0);
    duk_dup(ctx, -2);
    duk_call_method(ctx, 0);
    duk_pop(ctx);
    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "sequence");
    duk_get_prop_string(ctx, -1, "length");
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(duk_require_int(ctx, -1), 1);
    duk_pop_2(ctx);
    duk_push_c_function(ctx, pg_br_measurement_publish, 0);
    duk_dup(ctx, -2);
    duk_call_method(ctx, 0);

    duk_destroy_heap(ctx);

    /* destroy queue */
    pg_err_t result = pg_clear_queue();
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(result, 1);
    result = pg_destroy_queue();
    CU_ASSERT_EQUAL(result, 0);
}

int main() {
    CU_pSuite pSuite = NULL;

    /* Initialize the CUnit test registry */
    if (CUE_SUCCESS != CU_initialize_registry())
        return CU_get_error();

    /* Add a suite to the registry */
    pSuite = CU_add_suite("db-measurement-test", init_suite, clean_suite);
    if (NULL == pSuite) {
        CU_cleanup_registry();
        return CU_get_error();
    }

    /* Add the tests to the suite */
    CU_add_test(pSuite, "test_pg_br_Measurement", test_pg_br_Measurement);
    CU_add_test(pSuite, "test_pg_br_measurement_hit", test_pg_br_measurement_hit);
    CU_add_test(pSuite, "test_pg_br_measurement_publish", test_pg_br_measurement_publish);
    CU_add_test(pSuite, "test_pg_br_measurement_publish2", test_pg_br_measurement_publish2);
    CU_add_test(pSuite, "test_pg_br_measurement_save_timestamp", test_pg_br_measurement_save_timestamp);
    CU_add_test(pSuite, "test_pg_br_measurement_save_ram_usage", test_pg_br_measurement_save_ram_usage);

    /* Run all tests using the CUnit Basic interface */
    CU_basic_set_mode(CU_BRM_VERBOSE);
    CU_basic_run_tests();
    CU_cleanup_registry();
    return CU_get_error();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Braindock Portal to Provide Information & Services for WAP Phones
February 17, 2000 / NewsShark / 0 Comments
BrainDock.com announced a new service to deliver content and applications to WAP enabled smart phones and other wireless information devices. BrainDock.net will serve as a wireless Application Service Provider (wASP), providing a complementary suite of services to BrainDock's existing electronic software distribution business. Launching in May 2000, BrainDock.net will provide a broad spectrum of content and services to wireless device users. BrainDock.com does not sell to consumers directly, but provides e-tailers with the tools to build online storefronts and a choice of products to full the store. BrainDock performs transaction processing, credit card validation and provides a secure download. Strategic member e-tailers include Psion PLC, Widget Software Ltd., NWT.com, 21store, Palmtop Italia, and Azimuth. The launch of BrainDock.net will provide developers with another avenue to bring their value-added offerings to market, providing e-tailers with a broader audience for sales of products and services. www.braindock.com


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Free Traffic Bonanza is a step by step video training that shows how creator Fergal Downes makes $1,131 in profit every week with free targeted traffic.
Before I get into the benefits of the training I feel the need to tell you a bit about the creator. Fergal Downes also known as Footbag_man on the Warrior Forum is a prolific product creator and traffic expert. This review is not about Fergal, but whenever you decide to invest in any kind of training the creator needs to have the proof and results to back up their claims.
As you can see he has 45 products listed and has made over 35000 sales on this platform alone. Clearly he knows how to get traffic and the type of traffic that buys his products.
In Free Traffic Bonanza, Fergal shows how you can get free targeted traffic to your offers by leveraging the authority of major websites. I can't say too much more, as this will give the training away but here are some of the benefits of what is covered in the course.
Drive 1000's of targeted visitors to your website each and every day with this traffic method.
There is very little trial and error with free traffic. When it comes to paid traffic you need to babysit it everyday to make sure you are getting a positve R.O.I.
I'm sure I don't need to convince you about the importance of targeted traffic in your business. Without traffic you have no leads, you can't build a list and you won't make any sales, whether it be for your own products or as an affiliate.
Therefore I believe that Fergals' new course is something you should pick up.
I have put together some bonuses that I believe will make this course even better below.
Ninja Sales pages is a web based page builder. Build your landing pages, sales pages and much more with drag and drop ease. Includes conversion boosting features such as countdown timers and professional graphics.
Transform any video into a money making machine.
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Easy to use software creates promotional videos for your squeeze pages, sales pages and affiliate promotions.
These additional free traffic methods will help you to get more visitors to your site without costing you a dime.


text:
From dentures to death: Where the rubber met the road for one patent troll
dentalhistory • June 1, 2017
Meet Charles Goodyear
Improving Vulcanization
Vulcanized Rubber Enters Dentistry
Josiah Bacon enters the Game with Patent Ownership
Dentists band together to stop Josiah Bacon
Josiah Bacon sues Dr. Samuel P. Chalfant
A Final Showdown
Chalfant Court Hearing
Charles Goodyear (1800-1860)
Charles Goodyear improved upon the natural properties of rubber accidentally, and also accidentally advanced the cause of dentistry by leaps and bounds. His accidental invention eventually cost someone his life.
Improving vulcanization – it's kind of a big deal
An antique Vulcanizer, the machine used to make Vulcanite dentures. Vulcanizer from the antique collection housed at Benco Dental's dental museum in Pittston, Pennsylvania.
Goodyear had experimented with vulcanization – the process of turning raw rubber into a useful, pliable, and non-rotting material. Several others had been working on the process. He perfected his process of vulcanization in 1839 and received a patent for it in 1844. His brother, Nelson, figured out how to turn pliable rubber into a hard rubber material that he called Vulcanite, and received a patent for it in 1851. Another patent covering any resulting product, as well as the process itself, was issued to them in 1858. By this time, the Goodyear brothers and other companies licensed to make Vulcanite products were deep in patent infringement suits, suing manufacturers of hard rubber products who used the vulcanization process to make their goods. Throughout the 1850s and 60s, many companies manufactured all sorts of items made of vulcanized rubber, such as hand mirrors, photo cases, and jewelry. Vulcanized rubber became a precursor to modern plastics.
Antique Vulcanite earrings seen on Etsy.com.
This stuff is amazing! Hey Dentists, try it out!
One of the most revolutionary items made with vulcanized rubber was the base for dentures. Once dentists found this material and started using it, it ushered in what has been called "the era of false teeth for the masses" beginning in the 1850s. In 1848, Thomas W. Evans, the expatriate diplo-dentist, had used Vulcanite as a base for artificial teeth, and he made a Vulcanite denture for Charles Goodyear in 1854. Vulcanite could be easily molded onto a replica of the patient's jaw, and the resulting base, once outfitted with porcelain teeth, would fit perfectly, was comfortable, and was created cheaply.
Antique Vulcanite denture.
You done changed the game, Charles Goodyear
It was seen as the greatest advance in dentistry in 25 years. Dentists everywhere started creating inexpensive dentures made of Vulcanite and prescribing them to their patients. Some dentists worried that the skill of dentistry and saving teeth would die out, as it was easier and cheaper to create dentures than try to save natural teeth. All the while, the manufacturers of Vulcanite seemed content to let dentists use the material without paying licensing fees, and when Goodyear's original patent expired in 1861, dentists were convinced that any threat of paying royalties on dentures had ended. They would soon find out they were wrong.
A new player enters the game
A Boston dentist, John A. Cummings, had been trying halfheartedly since 1852 to gain a patent for dentures made with material Vulcanized by the Goodyear process. The patent office routinely rejected his applications. In 1864, he sent in another, with the exact same specifications and drawings previously submitted. Inexplicably, the patent was granted. Some time after, Josiah Bacon, a businessman, who was treasurer of the Goodyear Dental Vulcanite Company, bought Cummings' patent. Later, it was thought that Bacon was somehow behind Cummings' patent success.
A clever way to bring home the Bacon
Bacon eventually controlled both the company and its patents and then used it all to his advantage. He set out to collect money from dentists who would need a license to create dentures from Vulcanite. Dentists were assessed fees of $25 to $100 per year, based on the size of the practice, in addition to a royalty fee of $2 for each denture of six or more teeth. Bacon began suing for patent infringement dentists who refused to pay, and from almost the beginning received favorable court rulings, obtaining judgments and injunctions. In 1866, he sued a slew of America's most respected dentists. The profession responded by forming the American Dental Protective Society and appealing for funds to mount a legal defense and fight back against Bacon.
Bacon was ruthless and enlisted agents and spies to gather evidence against the dentists who didn't fork over the required money.
The New York Times article reporting his murder in 1879 said that "one of his favorite methods of discovering infringements … was to employ a beautiful young lady, whom no dentist would suspect.… She was liberal with her money, and only particular on the one subject of the rubber. Once obtained, she had all the evidence requisite to enable Bacon to bring suit." The same article says that "servants of dentists were bribed; next door neighbors were questioned, and intimidation was often resorted to."
Patent trolling at it's best… or worst
Bacon carried on for 13 years, collecting fees and mercilessly bringing lawsuits when dentists tried to get out of paying. While several groups of dentists tried to band together and fight the legal charges levied against them, they couldn't prevail. As one despondent dentist reported, their group was "no match for a thoroughly organized Company composed of experienced, shrewd, and sharp businessmen."
How do we stop this guy!?
Although the suits were filed in the name of the Goodyear Dental Vulcanite Company, those in the profession knew who the real villain was: "Josiah Bacon, the active and engineering Mephistopheles of this whole skinning raid upon the dentists," in the words of one dental journal. Samuel S. White, of the S. S. White Dental Company, became a leader in fighting against Bacon. S.S. White's publication, Dental Cosmos, closely reported on the trials and tribulations. Plans were made to mount an appeal to the Supreme Court challenging the validity of the patent. Then several dentists learned that the appeal had been denied. This effectively stopped others from trying to fight the patent. Further investigation revealed the appeal was a sham, engineered by Bacon himself to discourage others from fighting the company over paying the fees.
A first in Supreme Court History
The facts were brought before the justices, and for the first time in its history, the Supreme Court reversed itself, and vacated its affirmation of the lower court's ruling, citing the deceptive nature of the appeal. This didn't stop Bacon, it only stopped him from going after groups of dentists. He now went after them one at a time and with gusto.
Eventually, the appeal made its way to the Supreme Court again in 1877 and the decision went to Bacon – entitling him to all the money he collected in his lawsuits. This emboldened him, and in 1879 he set off on a cross-country business trip, filing lawsuits from Boston to San Francisco.
San Francisco City Hall, circa late 19th century.
Horse and buggy? Check! List of dentists for me to sue?Check!
Bacon arrived in the City by the Bay with a list of about 40 dentists he planned to sue. He had one doctor in particular who he was gunning for – Dr. Samuel P. Chalfant. Dr. Chalfant had been sued by Bacon at least twice before, each time running away from his lucrative practice rather than pay a licensing fee. Dr. Chalfant had moved to San Francisco to be as far away from Bacon as possible.
Chalfant — the next victim
Dr. Chalfant found himself in court, answering Bacon's charges of patent infringement. He was convicted, and humiliated by Bacon, who was determined to make an example out of him. Bacon would pay for that humiliation the very next day.
Dr. Chalfant confronted Bacon in Bacon's hotel room the next day, Easter Sunday. He claimed later it was to suggest a settlement with Bacon, but things didn't go so well. The beleaguered dentist drew a pistol, "intending only to compel Bacon to deal with him more respectfully," as one account of the incident puts it.
Don't mess with me, man!
Bacon instead became infuriated. During the dispute, Dr. Chalfant claimed the pistol fired accidentally, and Bacon, the man a historian later called "the Nemesis of the dental profession in the United States" was killed by a single bullet in the abdomen.
Dr. Chalfant later claimed that he went from the hotel directly to the local police station, but since it was Sunday, no one was there. He then hid for three days in a rooming house before surrendering to the police.
The Chalfant Court Hearing
Dentists everywhere contribute to Dr. Chalfant's defense
At his trial, Dr. Chalfant was portrayed as a victim, a respected citizen driven to desperation by a vicious scoundrel, and dentists from all over the United States contributed funds for his defense. Convicted of second-degree murder, Dr. Chalfant was sentenced to 10 years at San Quentin, where he became the prison dentist. He served his sentence until 1883, when he tried to escape, and was recaptured. Dr. Chalfant served the remainder of his sentence and following his release, again took up the practice of dentistry in San Francisco, this time without the fear of prosecution for using Vulcanite.
… and the patent?
Goodyear let the patent run out on Vulcanite in 1881 and never renewed it. Presumably, nobody wanted to take a bullet to defend the patent. These days, hardly anyone remembers the murder, the patent wars, or how Vulcanite revolutionized the making of dentures.
dentalhistory
Guest blogger Jenn Ochman, Database Publishing Production Specialist in the Branding and Communication Department at Benco Dental, dedicates her time outside work to historical reenactment. She shares knowledge of dental history with TheDailyFloss.com readers on a monthly basis.
Why Four Walls Can Make or Break Your Dental Practice – learn more from this upcoming CenterPoint event
Can Riesling escape its unwarranted sugar-bomb rep to pair with summer foods (and the health of your teeth)?
More young people turning to dentures to solve smile problems


text:
Protectin DX alleviates insulin resistance by activating a myokine-liver glucoregulatory axis
Phillip J White1,2,
Philippe St-Pierre1,2,
Alexandre Charbonneau1,2,
Patricia L Mitchell1,2,
Emmanuelle St-Amand1,2,
Bruno Marcotte1,2 &
André Marette1,2
Nature Medicine volume 20, pages 664–669 (2014)Cite this article
Chronic inflammation
We previously demonstrated that low biosynthesis of ω–3 fatty acid–derived proresolution mediators, termed protectins, is associated with an impaired global resolution capacity, inflammation and insulin resistance in obese high-fat diet–fed mice1. These findings prompted a more direct study of the therapeutic potential of protectins for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Herein we show that protectin DX (PDX) exerts an unanticipated glucoregulatory activity that is distinct from its anti-inflammatory actions. We found that PDX selectively stimulated the release of the prototypic myokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) from skeletal muscle and thereby initiated a myokine-liver signaling axis, which blunted hepatic glucose production via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-mediated transcriptional suppression of the gluconeogenic program. These effects of PDX were abrogated in Il6-null mice. PDX also activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); however, it did so in an IL-6–independent manner. Notably, we demonstrated that administration of PDX to obese diabetic db/db mice raises skeletal muscle IL-6 levels and substantially improves their insulin sensitivity without any impact on adipose tissue inflammation. Our findings thus support the development of PDX-based selective muscle IL-6 secretagogues as a new class of therapy for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Individual differences in EPA and DHA content of Atlantic salmon are associated with gene expression of key metabolic processes
Siri S. Horn
, Anna K. Sonesson
… Bente Ruyter
Scientific Reports Open Access 07 March 2019
Protectin DX increases alveolar fluid clearance in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury
Xiao-Jun Zhuo
, Yu Hao
… Sheng-Wei Jin
Experimental & Molecular Medicine Open Access 27 April 2018
Protectin DX ameliorates palmitate- or high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and inflammation through an AMPK-PPARα-dependent pathway in mice
Tae Woo Jung
, Hyoung-Chun Kim
… Ji Hoon Jeong
Scientific Reports Open Access 03 May 2017
Figure 1: PDX prevents lipid-induced insulin resistance.
Figure 2: PDX stimulates skeletal muscle IL-6 expression.
Figure 3: IL-6 is required for the insulin-sensitizing actions of PDX.
Figure 4: PDX therapy improves insulin sensitivity in diabetic mice.
White, P.J., Arita, M., Taguchi, R., Kang, J.X. & Marette, A. Transgenic restoration of long-chain n–3 fatty acids in insulin target tissues improves resolution capacity and alleviates obesity-linked inflammation and insulin resistance in high-fat–fed mice. Diabetes 59, 3066–3073 (2010).
Serhan, C.N. et al. Anti-inflammatory actions of neuroprotectin D1/protectin D1 and its natural stereoisomers: assignments of dihydroxy-containing docosatrienes. J. Immunol. 176, 1848–1859 (2006).
Chen, P. et al. Full characterization of PDX, a neuroprotectin/protectin D1 isomer, which inhibits blood platelet aggregation. FEBS Lett. 583, 3478–3484 (2009).
Awazawa, M. et al. Adiponectin enhances insulin sensitivity by increasing hepatic IRS-2 expression via a macrophage-derived IL-6–dependent pathway. Cell Metab. 13, 401–412 (2011).
Pedersen, B.K. & Febbraio, M.A. Muscle as an endocrine organ: focus on muscle-derived interleukin-6. Physiol. Rev. 88, 1379–1406 (2008).
Pedersen, B.K. & Febbraio, M.A. Muscles, exercise and obesity: skeletal muscle as a secretory organ. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 8, 457–465 (2012).
Stanford, K.I. et al. Brown adipose tissue regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. J. Clin. Invest. 123, 215–223 (2013).
Sag, D., Carling, D., Stout, R.D. & Suttles, J. Adenosine 5′-monophosphate–activated protein kinase promotes macrophage polarization to an anti-inflammatory functional phenotype. J. Immunol. 181, 8633–8641 (2008).
Inoue, H. et al. Role of hepatic STAT3 in brain-insulin action on hepatic glucose production. Cell Metab. 3, 267–275 (2006).
Inoue, H. et al. Role of STAT-3 in regulation of hepatic gluconeogenic genes and carbohydrate metabolism in vivo. Nat. Med. 10, 168–174 (2004).
Carey, A.L. et al. Interleukin-6 increases insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in humans and glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation in vitro via AMP-activated protein kinase. Diabetes 55, 2688–2697 (2006).
Kelly, M., Gauthier, M.S., Saha, A.K. & Ruderman, N.B. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase by interleukin-6 in rat skeletal muscle: association with changes in cAMP, energy state, and endogenous fuel mobilization. Diabetes 58, 1953–1960 (2009).
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We thank C. Dion for surgical preparation of the mice and S. Pelletier for assistance with the palmitate macrophage studies. We also thank C. Serhan (Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University) and N. Flamand (Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University) for providing PD1 and (8S,15S)-diHETE, respectively, and M. Schwab and K. Bellmann for their help with the PCR analyses. T37i fibroblasts were a gift from M. Lombès, INSERM U478. This work was supported by grants to A.M. from the Canadian Diabetes Association and from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). A.M. is partially funded by a CIHR/Pfizer Chair in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. P.J.W. is the recipient of a PhD studentship award from the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Quebec.
Department of Medicine, Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
Phillip J White, Philippe St-Pierre, Alexandre Charbonneau, Patricia L Mitchell, Emmanuelle St-Amand, Bruno Marcotte & André Marette
Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
Phillip J White
Philippe St-Pierre
Alexandre Charbonneau
Patricia L Mitchell
Emmanuelle St-Amand
Bruno Marcotte
André Marette
P.J.W. and A.M. conceived of the study and wrote the manuscript. P.J.W., P.S.-P., A.C., P.L.M. and E.S.-A. performed mouse experiments. P.J.W., P.L.M., B.M. and E.S.-A. performed cell culture experiments. P.J.W., P.L.M., E.S.-A. and B.M. conducted ELISA and multiplex analyses. P.J.W. and P.L.M. carried out western blotting and PCR. All authors analyzed and discussed data and commented on the manuscript.
Correspondence to André Marette.
A.M. and P.J.W. have filed a patent application (PCT/CA2014/000047) with the Canadian Patent Office describing a method and use for the stimulation of muscular IL-6 secretion.
Supplementary Text and Figures
Supplementary Figures 1–6 (PDF 3352 kb)
Source data to Fig. 1
White, P., St-Pierre, P., Charbonneau, A. et al. Protectin DX alleviates insulin resistance by activating a myokine-liver glucoregulatory axis. Nat Med 20, 664–669 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3549
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