text:
agency,Crisis,Debt,Multitude,Politics,Social Movements
Greek referendum: Chaos – Our Own "Gun on The(ir) Table"
By Akis Gavriilidis & Sofia Lalopoulou
First publication: Law and Critique (2012, DOI: 10.1007/s10978-012-9110-0)
Mια πρώτη μορφή του άρθρου αυτού είχε δημοσιευθεί στα ελληνικά εδώ
In October 2011, George Papandreou, the then Greek Prime Minister, announced he was planning to hold a referendum in order for the Greek people to decide whether to agree to the bailout plan prepared by the International Monetary Fund, the Central European Bank and the European Commission. This intention was aborted due to intense pressure by Papandreou's European partners, especially Germany and France. This interference clearly shows the problematic relationship between the so-called "markets" and national-popular sovereignty. This article raises the question why this interference happened in the first place, why the global markets felt such a big threat before the possibility of a vote taking place in a small country of 10 million inhabitants. And also, importantly, what this means in terms of potential for political agency by those who are usually considered be lacking such agency, as having "no other alternative" than to follow the one way course of neoliberalism.
CHAOS: OUR OWN "GUN ON THE(IR) TABLE"[1]
For about 48 hours at the end of October 2011, a spectre was haunting not just Europe but the entire world: the spectre of a referendum in Greece. On the 31st of October, after the approval of yet another "final" plan for the "salvation" of Greece from its enormous debt problems by the Eurozone ministers in Brussels, the then prime minister, George Papandreou announced he was planning to submit the agreement to the approval of the Greek people themselves, through a referendum. From the moment a referendum was announced, even before the question to be posed was clarified, global panic and horror ensued. In previous EU summits, Papandreou, in order to describe his negotiation tactics, had used the expression "Now the gun is on the table"[2]. But this time around, it seemed that the gun had been discharged with all the subtlety of «a pistol-shot in the middle of a concert»[3]: his announcement was experienced almost as an indecency, as disrespect to the interlocutor. This idea was immediately condemned by all the major financial and political authorities and players. It was considered inadmissible opportunism which could jeopardize the course of the euro, the EU, and maybe even the global economy. The French daily Libération published on 1 November a front page of light blue behind the word "chaos", written with Greek letters (see above). Inside Greece, the vast majority on both the Right and Left, including within Papandreou's own party, was against the proposal. Within days, Papandreou was forced to revoke his suggestion and resign from his post[4].
This interference by the Troika in a public policy issue of Greece, a supposedly independent country, clearly shows the problematic relationship between the so-called "markets" (as well as the domestic and international public institutions built in order to serve them) and national-popular sovereignty. The focus of this article is not to discuss questions of formal legitimacy, respect of international law, or conformity to the EU Treaties. Instead, it will try to raise the substantial question of why this interference happened in the first place, why the global markets felt such a big threat before the possibility of a vote taking place in a small country of 10 million inhabitants. And , importantly, what this means in terms of potential for political agency by those who are usually considered to have lost such agency, as having "no other alternative" but to follow the single course of neoliberalism.
It is not unjustified to think that their fear can be our hope, and that in any case it is a sign that the so-called "self-regulated market forces", and the political institutions built in order to serve them, are vulnerable as well; they are not omnipotent, they are not a small god on earth as some people like to depict them. Their power consists in their managing uncertainty. But there are certain forms, or intensities, of uncertainty, that go beyond their managerial capacity, exceed what they are able to codify in terms of "moral hazard" and translate into the language of "predictability" and profitability.
Hence, it is interesting to see what kind of impact this kind of uncertainty can have on the tactics and strategy of the subaltern, or of the multitude, of the "part of those who have no part", or whatever term we choose to use. In our article, we consider this event, and the affect it generated with the political and financial elites of Europe and the whole world, as an important blockage, albeit temporary, of the capitalist machine of domination, and hence as a sign of the capacity of the multitude to disrupt or interrupt the supposedly "self-regulated" circuit of "finance" by introducing (democratic) politics into it – or, rather, by bringing to the fore the politics that always, even if implicitly, is working from within.
Debt as a (Political) Power Relationship
The way in which Papandreou – and by extension the whole country – was treated by the leaders of the EU and the G20, was a humiliation that was deeply felt throughout Greece. The spectacle of a powerless national leader having orders dictated to him by his supposed peers was a blow to national pride. However, if one survives the shock, one is led to think that power is not an object possessed by anybody, but a (mutual) relationship, a two way road; if we interpret the yelling by Merkel and Sarkozy towards Papandreou purely as a sign of «dependency» or "subalternity" of the latter to the former, we forget to take into account that s/he who yells is the one who has something to lose; hence, she is dependent as well, to this extent, from the one to whom she yells at.
This is not only a question of good manners but could be formulated in terms of owing and gratitude, that is to say in terms of power. As Spinoza suggests:
He has another under his authority, who holds him bound, or has taken from him arms and means of defence or escape, or inspired him with fear, or so attached him to himself by past favour, that the man obliged would rather please his benefactor than himself, and live after his mind than after his own. He that has another under authority in the first or second of these ways, holds but his body, not his mind. But in the third or fourth way he has made dependent on himself as well the mind as the body of the other; yet only as long as the fear or hope lasts, for upon the removal of the feeling the other is left independent (Spinoza 1883 [1672], chap. 2 § 10).
From this point of view, it is important to note that the bailout agreement was presented – first by the European leaders to Papandreou, then by him and his partisans to the Greek people – as a very generous, and ultimate, concession, or really a gift, by the strong «Europeans» to "our country.» It was presented precisely as a favour, in Spinoza's terminology, which the donors were ready to withdraw if it was not quickly and graciously accepted, with an accompanying «thank you.» However, anyone who makes a «gift» and suspects that the recipient is not very enthusiastic to accept it, does not usually react this way; if we see them taking every possible effort in order to convince the «beneficiaries» to accept the favour, then this reaction suggests that it was at least equally important for them to give this «gift» and have it received. In other words, it leads us to suspect that it was equally – if not mainly – a gift to themselves.
If this is so, we should complement this approach to the authority/fear/gratitude complex with an insight by Michel Foucault: "terror is always reversible, and it inevitably goes back to those who exert it. Fear is circular" (Foucault 1994, p. 69; our translation). In terms of a more or less "classical" approach to strategy, it is commonplace that a strategist must know his enemy. As Sun Tzu put it in his own poetic style,
If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every battle (Sun Tzu 1910).
In this sense, we can claim that, from this episode of the referendum being announced and immediately withdrawn, we obtained useful knowledge about the enemy, the personifications of neoliberal governmentality, as they were obliged to show (some of) their cards: now we know what scares them, what they want to avoid at all costs.
But we argue that this does not exhaust the issue; this is not the only aspect, nor the most important. Traditional strategic approaches are inadequate for conceiving of a non strategic strategy which is needed here for the movement of the multitude[5], or, better, which is already at work in it. We will try to outline this idea in what follows.
Towards a Non-strategic Strategy
In Greece, some people – mainly those to the Left of Papandreou and Pasok – argued that a referendum presented a less democratic solution than it might appear to. A referendum transforms a complex set of demands, concerns and possible responses into a strict binary dilemma. The question put to the people is crucial – those who determine this question have a large scope to manipulate the genuine expression of the popular will (see for example Douzinas 2011). This criticism is not without merit. But what we are arguing here is that the proposal for a referendum, although – or perhaps, precisely, because – it was not implemented, restored democracy, even for a moment (but a moment that casted new light on all the other moments).
We understand democracy, with Rancière, not as a procedure for the expression of a pre-existing will, but as the emergence of the part of those who have no part.
This is what of all things democracy means. Democracy is not a type of constitution, nor a form of society. The power of the people is not that of a people gathered together, of the majority, or of the working class. It is simply the power peculiar to those who have no more entitlements to govern than to submit (Rancière 2006, p. 46-7).
According to both political custom and the European Union law itself, European affairs are supposed to be governed by people who do have "more entitlements" than others in terms mainly of technical knowledge, and secondarily of a delegation by the majority, which in certain cases is so remote that it becomes practically invisible. The sudden emergence of a potential "co-decision procedure" within this framework, the possibility for these techno-bureaucrats to share their authority with those with no such entitlements, provoked a scandal and a shock for them. It really was a traumatic experience for the European elites, in the psychoanalytic sense of the term as an "encounter with the Real which is impossible to symbolize" (Evans 1996, entry "Real" (and sub-entry "Anxiety and trauma")). This traumatic quality is reported in all relevant press articles; for example:
Papandreou's referendum call has been met with barely disguised anger in Europe and officials are scrambling to understand his motivations. Sweden's foreign minister, Carl Bildt, sounded bewildered. «It's difficult to see what the referendum is going to be about. 'Do we want to be saved or not?' Is that the question?» (Schwartz, 2011)
This bewilderment, this difficulty to "see what this is all about", clearly shows the blockage of the logic of "favour" – which, incidentally, is another word for "Grace". It is very telling that, here, as a synonym for the bailout package, the verb "to save" is used; a term with very clear theological overtones. All the more so since this salvation is presented as conditional upon certain acts of the subject to be saved. These acts are subsumed under the term "reforms", which the graced Greece has to carry out in order to be eligible for its salvation, and/or as a sign of repentance and acceptance of the neoliberal credo of credit.
All this is hardly surprising, as Giorgio Agamben – and Max Weber before him – has demonstrated the close links between economy and theology. The very word "economy", before capitalism, was widely used to describe precisely the divine plan for the salvation of man (See Agamben 2011, esp. p. 109 sqq; and Weber 1930).
By reading some more of Rancière's passages, one gets the impression that they were written in order to describe precisely this collapse of meaning, this gap in the non-democratic symbolic order, which has no place for such unnecessary disturbances as political competence by those with no titles:
Therein lies the scandal: the scandal for well-to-do people unable to accept that their birth, their age, or their science has to bow before the law of chance; scandal too for those men of God who would have us all be democrats on the condition that we avow having had to kill a father or a shepherd for it, and hence that we are infinitely guilty, are in inexpiable debt to this father. And yet the 'seventh title' shows us that breaking with the power of kinship does not require any sacrifice or sacrilege. All it requires is a throw of the dice. The scandal is simply the following: among the titles for governing there is one that breaks the chain, a title that refutes itself: the seventh title is the absence of title. Such is the most profound trouble signified by the word democracy (Rancière 2006, p. 40-41; our italics).
The threat of a referendum functioned, albeit momentarily, as precisely this "throw of the dice" that is "all that democracy requires", and it is in this sense we claimed before that it "restored democracy".
Bartleby: A Story of Sophocleous Street [6]
Our suggestion for a "non strategic strategy" is analogous to Ranciére's notion of a "non-entitled entitlement." Such a non strategic strategy should be based on the observation that the "nervousness" of the markets, and the panic of political leaders in Europe and beyond, was triggered not by a specific answer, but by the possibility of the question itself. If, for example, Papandreou had gone to the meeting and said, "I reject the plan," or "I am in favour of a different economic policy in Europe," it is our contention that this would have created much less insecurity and anxiety.
In one of the numerous articles written about this episode, Costas Lapavitsas, while criticising the Greek Prime Minister's move in the first place, goes on to add that 'the import of Papandreou's move, however, is that it has put the real dilemma of this crisis in front of the Greek people' (Lapavitsas 2011). Papandreou exposed the central tension at the heart of the crisis, not in the sense that he posed a "real" dilemma, opposed to a "false" or "fraudulent" one, rather his intervention transformed, what until then was considered, a merely technical issue, a "one-way road" which is not subject to political antagonism but only to economic determinism, into a subject of contestation. Whatever his "deeper" motivations, which we cannot know, the fact of the matter is that he opened the way for something to be decided upon, rather than for something for which there is no alternative.
Lapavitsas is also right to highlight the role of mass mobilisations of the previous months as a cause for Papandreou's move. However, we would suggest the inverse to his causal logic:
Rapid unravelling of domestic political power began in the summer, with mass gatherings across Greece's major urban centres. The largest were in Syntagma Square in Athens, where the Aganaktismenoi (the «Outraged») dismissed the political system and demanded «real democracy». An enormous demonstration took place in June, the government was shaken and Papandreou even resigned for a few hours, seeking a coalition government with the opposition. But a lack of political focus by the Aganaktismenoi allowed the government to escape (Lapavitsas 2011).
As we see it, the lack of "focus" by the Aganaktismenoi (that is, of a clear and rational political programme to be implemented once they take power) did not "allow", but induced the government to escape. The situation where tens, occasionally hundreds of thousands of people gather in squares, camp, hold assemblies, without posing a set of concrete demands to the state, is really unbearable to it (Cf. also Agamben 2003, pp. 84-85). It is also contaminating, like a virus: after these mobilisations, not only those governed were not eager to be governed any more, but also not many politicians were very keen to govern them!
The motto "I would prefer not to" which Herman Melville attributed to the eponymous hero of his novel (Melville, 2006 [1853], passim), became the unspoken mantra of both the governing and the opposition parties, who were trying to get rid of (the monopoly of) power and persuade each other, but also the small far-right party "LAOS" [Popular Orthodox Rally] to join the government in order to share the blame. One has only to read any report about the involuntary comedy that was staged on the central political scene in Athens on 9 November to see the relevance of the Bartleby comparison. We thought the most suitable one would be a report by the New York Times, and we will quote a rather large excerpt from it in order to make clear the absurdity of the situation:
Prime Minister George A. Papandreou went on national television on Wednesday evening to announce that a new interim government had been formed.But he did not name his successor, and in the hours that followed, it became clear that political disarray had set in once more. Mr. Papandreou's resignation was not announced, nor was the interim government named. By early evening, the president's office said that there would be no announcement before Thursday. Television provided glimpses of some of the drama. A furious Giorgos Karatzaferis, the leader of the small far-right party Laos, stormed out the presidential office building shortly after Mr. Papandreou's speech. He told waiting reporters that he had been summoned to a meeting with Mr. Papandreou; the president; and the leader of the opposition party New Democracy, Antonis Samaras, but found himself sitting in a hall alone. Apparently, the other men were too busy arguing to meet with him. Mr. Karatzaferis, one of the few politicians willing to risk the potential damage from supporting a new power-sharing government that must take on a host of unpopular tasks, said political games were being played. "This is unacceptable," he huffed before leaving (Daley & Kitsantonis 2011).
The (Non)-Management of Uncertainty
As Agamben has shown, neoliberalism, and even the old (economic) liberalism which was labelled and codified – whether accurately or not under the French motto laissez faire – laissez passer, is about the mastering not of things, of commodities, but of their flows, about processes, about channelling:
Turgot and Quesnay as well as Physiocratic officials were not primarily concerned with the prevention of hunger or the regulation of production, but wanted to allow for their development to then regulate and «secure» their consequences (Agamben 2001).
How is this regulation and securing carried out? One useful formulation in this respect can be found in Milios & Sotiropoulos (2009). Here, the authors are talking about financial derivatives, securitisation and market competition, but their conclusions can be extended to neoliberal management at large – all the more so since they explicitly incorporate "political events" into the calculation performed by capital markets:
Capital markets 'endeavour' (not always reliably) to convert into quantitative signs "political" events within the enterprise. Forecasts and predictions embodied in securities do not need to be right. What really matters is this quantification process of political events per se. This process should be seen as a strategy: operating within a market "panopticon", individual capitals are disciplined and forced in permanent reorganization (thus facilitating the imposition on them of the "laws" of capital) (p. 181; our emphasis).
What goes "within the enterprise", is also true outside it, especially if this outside is itself increasingly modelled on the enterprise paradigm, if every individual or collectivity is encouraged to conceive of herself as a "human resource" – and act accordingly. For this reason, what is unbearable to the logic of neoliberal governmentality is a non-commensurable contingency, a political event within the generalised social (international) factory which is difficult to "convert into quantitative signs".
One of the basic characteristics of the neoliberal model is the increase in non-bank funding of credit, both by states and by enterprises. Above and beyond the other consequences, this places at the centre of the financial markets risk management, that is to say the factoring in of the contingency of non-achievement of the expected yield (particularly in an international market where a number of diverging forces are affecting profitability). Because the very character of production of surplus value as well as the overall claims being placed on the latter is contingent, risk management is organically linked to capital movement as such (Ibid., p. 179. Emphasis in the original).
In other words, neoliberal governance allows for the development of, and then regulates, disorder; but not just any disorder. There is a kind of disorder, a contingency, which escapes this regulation; and this is, precisely, escape itself. With Milios & Sotiropoulos, we could also call this contingency "class struggle," but not without the following qualification: that class struggle, before anything else, is the struggle not to be (in) a class any more; it is the effort of those who are codified and confined in the camp of labour, or the «working class», not to confront another camp in a military battle, but to simply exit this (labour) camp. An exodus which makes it impossible for capital to "know" them, so to defeat them in a battle, because it renders impossible and pointless any battle in the classical sense of the term. Or, in other words, because the very construction of a specific camp labelled as "labour" already marks the (non definitive) victory of capital; it is not the prerequisite for the struggle, but already a specific outcome of it – in the sense that "to fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting" (Sun Tzu, op.cit., III.2).
Politics as Interruption
To use once more the words of Ranciére, in order to conceive the non-strategic strategy, what we are in need of is an interruption of the formation and delimitation of camps – or of what he terms as policing:
Politics is what interrupts the play of sociological identities. In the nineteenth century, the revolutionary workers of which I studied the texts used to say: «We are not a class«. The bourgeoisie were identifying them as a dangerous class. But for them, the class struggle was the struggle for not being a class, the struggle to leave class and the place assigned to them by the existing order[7].
In these circumstances, the question we have before ourselves looks like an oxymoron: how can we prepare for the unexpected, the unthinkable? The strategy of strategists – and of those who are or want to be assimilated into them, even if they do not have an army – consists in the bipolar fantasy of organized battle: «class against class". Our tactics, the tactics of «bodies without organs", can only be an activity directed towards other activities, not towards other organised groups or objects. The task of a non-strategic strategy can be formulated in terms of an action upon other actions[8]. Maybe not even upon, but also together with other actions, or next to them; actions that we do not yet know when we plan ours, and with which we may form assemblages of a rhizomatic type[9].
So our action should take into account that it is not alone, nor alone with the opponent as it is in a duel. Instead, it coexists with other actions, and therefore always has something of the performativity and the virtuosity of a musician. Then again, not of a musician in a symphony orchestra, who performs a predefined and agreed upon score (in Greek, symphônia means also "agreement"). The best analogy is probably a musician in a jazz orchestra, who interacts with other musicians, the existence and activity of which he must include in the account and he must foresee some space for. The same of course applies to all the others: each of them should regulate his activity in relation to what others are doing – which she is not fully aware of before beginning to act.
In his article "Virtuosismo e rivoluzione," Paolo Virno, in order to describe precisely this quality that characterizes the action of the multitude, uses the Italian term agire di concerto.
The Multitude obstructs and dismantles the mechanisms of political representation. It expresses itself as an ensemble of «acting minorities", none of which, however, aspires to transform itself into a majority. It develops a power that refuses to become government. Now, it is the case that each of the «many» turns out to be inseparable from the «presence of others", inconceivable outside of the linguistic cooperation or the «acting-in-concert» that this presence implies. Cooperation, however, unlike the individual labor time or the individual right of citizenry, is not a «substance» that is extrapolatable and commutable. It can, of course, be subjected, but it cannot be represented or, for that matter, delegated. The Multitude, which has an exclusive mode of being in its «acting-in-concert», is infiltrated by all kinds of Kapos and Quislings, but it does not accredit stand-ins or nominees (Virno 2003).
So such a «concert» would perhaps be able to accommodate and integrate within it the impolite «shot» constituted by the invasion of politics in the field of regulated movement; or, better yet, to produce this shot itself, to become this very detonation which shifts and deterritorializes the police fences assigning a certain «part" to everybody.
This means anything but «relativism» or «arbitrariness», as the followers of Enlightenment- phallogocentrism would be inclined to argue. For such a practice, the jazz saxophonist Ornette Coleman, in his July 1997 discussion with Jacques Derrida in Paris, used the following description:
when I was doing free jazz, most people thought that I just picked up my saxophone and played whatever was going through my head, without following any rule, but that wasn't true (Derrida & Coleman 1997).
It should be noted that Coleman explicitly links his activity with democracy (and also with translation); furthermore, when his interlocutor interrogates what exactly he means when he talks about the «democratic values» of this music which is improvised but at the same time codified, he replies:
People on the outside think that it's a form of extraordinary freedom, but I think that it's a limitation. (…) What's really shocking in improvised music is that despite its name, most musicians use a «framework [trame]» as a basis for improvising. (…) the music I wrote (…) has two characteristics: it's totally improvised, but at the same time it follows the laws and rules of European structure. And yet, when you hear it, it has a completely improvised feel [air] (Derrida & Coleman 1997).
This example of an activity that decides every time, in a relational way and jointly with others, about something undecidable, without following abstract rules inherited from the past or producing new ones for the future, that is not susceptible of a Kantian-style universalization, standardization and pedagogy, sounds like a paradox; it confuses and embarrasses those who think in terms of traditional party and state politics. However, the experience of social struggles of the last period, and maybe more than the last period, in Northern Africa and beyond, shows that such activities do take place, and, what's more, they have produced far more fruitful, promising and interesting things than any other activity in the field of politics.
These were activities that were aware (albeit, perhaps, unconsciously – yet another oxymoron) that the result will never be what one had calculated; what emerges will always be a non-voluntary outcome. And yet this awareness not only did not paralyze the actors, but rather was one more reason for them to follow their desire, to have confidence in it, not acting as calculating homines (and foeminae) oeconomici (-ae). So maybe the non-didactic lesson from the experience of the social struggles of the last period and maybe more than the last period, can be summarized in the adage: non sapere aude! Let us dare not to know, or at least to assume the fact that there will always be something that we do not know and do not master – since the political is always a "non-all." And yet to act, beyond the model of a conscious, deliberate, organized, total(ised) struggle, engaged in imperceptible politics[10]. The result each time is unintended – but it is possible and imperative to desire the unintended.
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– 2003. "Tiananmen", in: The Coming Community, Minneapolis – London: University of Minnesota Press
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– 2008. «Le plaisir de la métamorphose politique», Libération, 24-5-2008
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[1] This article was initially written towards the end of 2011. In view of the rapid changes in the situation, most of all two (for the time being) successive elections held in Greece on May the 6th and June the 17th, this is quite a long time. We believe, however, that these developments only confirm our analysis and provide fresh material and new illustrations for most of what we claim. There was not time enough for us to take these new facts into account but hopefully the reader can make the connections and apply the logic of the article to these new facts, mutatis mutandis.
[2] E.g. Ethnos, 2010. It is interesting to note that the Greek word used here, trapézi, is practically a variation of the older form tràpeza, which today means bank – much in the same way as in most other European languages, which took this word from the medieval Italian banca – bench.
[3] "Politics in the middle of imaginative interests are like a pistol-shot in the middle of a concert. The noise is deafening without being emphatic. It is not in harmony with the sound of any of the instruments. This mention of politics is going to give deadly offence to half my readers, and to bore the other half, who have already found far more interesting and emphatic politics in their morning paper" (Stendhal, 2003).
[4] Readers can find more details about these events in Walker (2012), and of course in any other number of press articles of their preference, from the many that were written about this episode.
[5] In what follows, although we use the notion of multitude, we decided to omit any reference to the already established work of Hard and Negri. We did so because these two authors are neither the first, nor the only ones who have used this notion, although they are the most famous and although we appreciate them as well ; others have done so in the past and also in the late 20th – early 21st century, including Baruch Spinoza and Paolo Virno, whom we both quote as we find their approach more relevant and useful for our purpose here.
[6] The street where the Athens Stock Exchange lies.
[7] Rancière, 2008; our translation and emphasis. About his notion of "police" as opposed to politics, cf.: "There are people who govern because they are the eldest, the highest-born, the richest, or the most learned. There are models of government and practices of authority based on this or that distribution of places and capabilities. Such is the logic that I 've proposed be thought under the name of 'police'" (Ranciére 2006, p. 47).
[8] Cf.: "What defines a relationship of power is that it is a mode of action that does not act directly and immediately on others. Instead, it acts upon their actions: an action upon an action, on possible or actual future or present actions" (Foucault 2000 [1981], p. 340).
[9] About the notion of rhizome, cf. the following, rather long and difficult, but very important excerpt from Deleuze and Guattari's A Thousand Plateaus: "The orchid deterritorializes by forming an image, a tracing of a wasp; but the wasp reterritorializes on that image. The wasp is nevertheless derritorialized, becoming a piece in the orchid's reproductive apparatus. But it reterritorializes the orchid by transporting its pollen. Wasp and orchid, as heterogeneous elements, form a rhizome. It could be said that the orchid imitates the wasp, reproducing its image in a signifying fashion (mimesis, mimicry, lure, etc.). But this is true only on the level of the strata-a parallelism between two strata such that a plant organization on one imitates an animal organization on the other. At the same time, something else entirely is going on: not imitation at all but a capture of code, surplus value of code, an increase in valence, a veritable becoming, a becoming-wasp of the orchid and a becoming-orchid of the wasp. Each of these becomings brings about the deterritorialization of one term and the reterritorialization of the other; the two becomings interlink and form relays in a circulation of intensities pushing the deterritorialization ever further (Deleuze – Guattari 1987, p. 10).
[10] Concerning the notion of «imperceptible politics», see Papadopoulos et al. 2008, p. 71 sqq.
Agamben
Rancière

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The Realist Vice Admiral Admiral
weird sex stuff
I think women everywhere would like a word with you.
The Realist, Jun 17, 2021
Sci, Commander Troi, dupersuper and 4 others like this.
Ithekro Vice Admiral Admiral
Republic of California
It does show the disconnect in American society about sex and violence. Violence has been somewhat normalize, or has been able to be used comedically for ages. Sex...not as much.
The limits of censoring sexual items tends to be more strict than violence. Though it is usually violence that gets brought up when it comes to cartoons, since more is allowed.
Ithekro, Jun 18, 2021
Skipper and Commander Troi like this.
Christopher Writer Admiral
Ithekro said: ↑
Although, of course, Harley Quinn is a TV-MA cartoon for adults, in a totally different category from something like Batman: The Animated Series or Young Justice. Its violence and profanity would put a Tarantino movie to shame. And it does have a fair amount of sexual content, as I mentioned. Which is why it's so strange that they singled out this one particular sex act. Or maybe it's to do with the fact that it's Batman doing it instead of another character. One of the articles I read about the issue suggested it's more to do with reluctance at showing superheroes being sexual, as opposed to villains or civilian characters.
Still, I agree, Americans do have a bizarre double standard about sex vs. violence. You have shows like HQ that go all-out with graphic gore, but won't show a single bare breast.
Christopher, Jun 18, 2021
Yeah, it's an old observation but no less true, that America is much much much more weirdly squeamish about sex than violence. I once saw Starship Troopers on broadcast TV, and all the graphic violence was intact, including people being literally torn limb-from-limb, but of course the shower scene was censored. It's completely bizarre and surreal and irrational.
CorporalClegg Admiral Admiral
So I've been totally sleeping on this show and just now decided to give it a go. I just finished the first episode and my lungs are burning from laughing so hard.
CorporalClegg, Jun 18, 2021
Because Batman must be "protected" at all costs, doncha know?!?!
I kind of sympathize with DC on this one. I can immediately call to mind three separate instances where the internet recoiled in horror/cringe at Batman and sex being anywhere near each other (the New-52 rooftop hookup, the comic where you could make out Batman swinging hog while he was hanging out in the Batcave naked, and the animated adaptation of "The Killing Joke"). If I were a suit there, I'd absolutely have gotten the impression that the people fuckin' hate Batman fuckin', so let's just stop trying to make it happen. I'm pretty sure if they hadn't put the kibosh on it, the exact same thing would've happened after the episode aired. Of course, thanks to it coming up in the interview, it's happened anyway. Death, taxes, people getting riled about Batman's sexuality.
David cgc, Jun 18, 2021
It shouldn't be too surprising to anyone who has grown up with American television and boundaries and mores. We have a survival show called Naked and Afraid that blurs everything but butts.
I do think in trying to protect Batman that you have to consider more than just HQ viewers directly watching it. Especially in the internet/YouTube/Facebook/etc. age something like that can become some viral clip or meme or late night fodder and influence perception beyond the intended audience. Even beyond just offending people it could risk "coolness" of a billion-dollar brand that is built on it. Look how long Aquaman has had to redeem the character from the old cartoon "guy who talks to fish" image.
CorporalClegg said: ↑
I think it gets even better as they build up the supporting cast.
Wanting Batman to do weird sex stuff isn't mature,
You thinking oral sex is weird, really explains a lot......
Mage, Jun 18, 2021
Sci, Commander Troi and Turtletrekker like this.
It shouldn't be too surprising to anyone who has grown up with American television and boundaries and mores.
Something doesn't have to be surprising to be a perennial source of bewilderment or annoyance.
I do think in trying to protect Batman that you have to consider more than just HQ viewers directly watching it. Especially in the internet/YouTube/Facebook/etc. age something like that can become some viral clip or meme or late night fodder and influence perception beyond the intended audience.
Which would explain why they don't object to the crazy sex and violence with the other characters on the show but are more sensitive when it's Batman, I guess. But as we've seen, their efforts to avoid drawing attention to Batman's sex life have backfired enormously. It probably wouldn't have been an issue at all if they hadn't made it an issue.
Commander Troi and Grendelsbayne like this.
Can you imagine a Selina Kyle (or Lois Lane) who would be fine with, "Yeah, no, heroes don't do that"? Because I can't.
I'm not convinced it really is just about showing Batman have any kind of sex. I mean, just five years ago*, Superman got into a bathtub with naked Lois in a major movie release.
*It's been five years since BvS?! Realizations like that really make me feel old.
Commander Troi, Grendelsbayne and Jinn like this.
This is so stupid. Of course DC is going to protect Batman, the HQ writers/producers/etc are just edgelords trying to get away with whatever they want. The bizarre desire to sexualize mainstream superheroes is just creepy. There are comics for people who want sex with their superheroes, basically half the books Image publishes and horrible shit like that Garth Ennis super prostitute comic. Plus, the internet in general/deviantart in particular exist if perverts really want to see comic/cartoon characters engage in sex acts.
Batman is a fictional character. He doesn't do any kind of sexual activity, because he doesn't exist. Hell, even his son was canonically not born through sex, he was grown artificially with Bruce and Talia's dna/genetic material. I'm tired of edgey assholes wanting everything to have sex shoved in it. Wanting Batman to do weird sex stuff isn't mature, its shit a stupid 15 year old boy would whine about online, and its kind of pathetic to see people over that age get all offended that DC had common sense and said no to a stupid joke the horrible HQ writers wanted.
Honestly, if I were WB/DC I'd fire the person who talked about this online, so much drama caused because a bad comedy writer and/or producer was bitter that their shitty joke wasn't approved. Then again, WB/DC should never have greenlit the HQ cartoon in the first place, and it definitely shouldn't have gotten up to a third season, so they kind of brought this on themselves by employing idiots to make a z grade adult swim style cartoon based on one of their properties.
Damien isn't the fetus from Son of the Demon?
Guy Gardener, Jun 18, 2021
DEWLine Rear Admiral Rear Admiral
Depends on which version of continuity you prefer re: Damien Wayne.
DEWLine, Jun 18, 2021
CorporalCaptain Fleet Admiral Admiral
astral plane
You said "A slightly more serious take" with no other context.
That's literally false. It was preceded by the sentence, "Because Batman must be 'protected' at all costs, doncha know?!?!" "Slightly more serious take" is grammatically comparative. Comparative to what? The preceding sentence.
CorporalCaptain, Jun 18, 2021
DarKush Rear Admiral Rear Admiral
DarKush, Jun 18, 2021
To hold us over till season 3:
Commander Troi, gblews, Turtletrekker and 1 other person like this.
JD, Jun 19, 2021
Hell, even his son was canonically not born through sex, he was grown artificially with Bruce and Talia's dna/genetic material.
Tuskin38, Jun 20, 2021
The Realist said: ↑
The Snyder "canon" bit of artwork was quite tastefully done. The animated series was probably going for a more relaxed less vampiric take than Snyder's rooftop scene. I remember a hardcore book on porn from the early 70s that had erotic art from all eras…forgot the title…
I'm surprised they got away with Karkull in Superman TAS.
Turtletrekker Admiral Admiral
Now that's heroism.
Turtletrekker, Jun 20, 2021
Commander Troi and publiusr like this.


Oh boy, two huge mistakes related to the poorly thought % operator in C++.
I did not let it trick me and I actually found the key to solve the problem quite quickly.
* The overlap sum is even: Then both of the remaining numbers must be odd so that the two n-sized areas are odd.
* The overlap sum is odd: Then both of the remaining numbers must be even so that the two n-sized areas are odd.
Now, this is the nice part, this means that for every column the parity of F[x][y] must be equal to the parity of F[x+n][y]. The same is true for rows, the parity of F[x][y] must be equal to the parity of F[x][y+n]. And this applies everywhere.
In fact, this means that we only need to decide the parity for the cells in the first n x m rectangle. This is an easier problem because n and m are at most 10. For each cell F[x][y] where (x < n) and (y < m) there are different numbers of ways to have that cell even or odd, it depends of all the cells F[x2][y2] such that (x2 % n = x) and (y2 % m = y). All of those cells must be even or odd numbers depending of the chosen parity for F[x][y] and if they are . there are 5 or 4 different digits for each of those cells. The number of ways to have a parity in cell F[x][y] can be calculated easily with a single n^4 loop.
Finally, we need to pick the parities. Imagine a certain row of m=6 elements was 010101 , now the first group of m elements will have an odd total parity and that's good. The second group of m elements will be: 10101 . 0 , because we have already determined that the parities are cyclic. The parity will be the same as the first group. So we should just need to worry that in our m x n rectangle , the rows and columns all make odd parities. The final result can be found with a dp. Just remember the current parities of each column and the parity of the current row and select 0 or 1 for the parity of each cell.
I took more time than necessary because at first I thought I could use a slower but simpler to implement dp, that just takes the 2^m parities of the columns and a current row number. (Needs to try 2^m row combinations for each row, in total 2^(2*m)*n). It turned out to be too slow. So I moved to the other approach.
// Where y < n and x < m.
// * The current parity of the row is r (0 or 1).
// * The current parity of the j-th column is the j-th bit of mask.
It seemed a little abstract. At the end after tons of thinking I decided to do what I should have done from the beginning, I coded a program that simulated a BFS on a 100x100 board to find any pattern related to n-knight moves. The results were nice.
For a 2-knight, it turns out that all of the cells were reachable. I tried many other even numbers and it was always possible.
The asterix is (0,0) and every x is a reachable cell. This turned out to seem true for all odd number.
So, if there is an even number in the allowed n-knight moves, the solution is always possible. Then we have to worry only about odd-moves, but note that since the checkered board pattern is always there, it does not matter what combination of odd knight moves you use, the reachable cells are always the same in the checkered board.
Did you notice the blunder? At first, I was a little paranoid that the solution cannot be so easy. I initially thought that when n is 1, the 1-knight moves are also always possible. But after trying the program, it seemed that it was still an odd number and followed the same rules.
The challenge phase came. I eventually saw that a solution using the same logic was challenged.
... It was some time after that I noticed the bug. Someone designing C didn't agree with making % compatible with the concept of true modulus. Negative numbers behave different than you would expect -1 % 2 is not 1 , it is -1. I knew that, but I just didn't think of that during the match. I figured out that my solution was wrong and it was eventually challenged.
Then I made another blunder, I tried to exploit this knowledge to score some challenges. But I misread code / didn't notice that in the case when the number is a multiple of the second operand of the % operation, it still returns 0 regardless of whether the first one is negative. I scored two wrong challenges that way.
The final outcome, I increased my rating to 2073. Which is barely one rating point above my previous maximum. It makes me wonder what would have happened if I didn't break rule #2: DO NOT CHALLENGE.
Here's a fixed version of the code for 250, note that it is still incredibly simple.
Code looks nice , which plugin you are using ?
I am not using a blogspot plugin (And maybe I should) I instead use jEdit's code 2 HTML plugin to generate HTML with syntax highlighting.
okay, and in SRM 513's editorial , the figures look nice, I wonder what did you use to draw those figures?
I usually use inkscape. Except that there are cases where the figures are more tables, if I have time I use HTML, but that time I didn't, so the the stuff for the div1 250 are just screenshots of stuff I did using OpenOffice Calc by coloring some cells up.
Yes, indeed , it seems I accidentally put the fixed version of my code instead of the original which had (x%2==y%2).


Meet Kerry Hilligan of the Malaghan Institute of Medical Research in Wellington, New Zealand. The postdoctoral fellow in Prof. Franca Ronchese's Immune Cell Biology Program made her maiden voyage to CSHL this week to attend the inaugural meeting of Systems Immunology. Kerry was among the forty-two speakers of the meeting and she presented her talk, "Dissecting the innate immune networks regulating CD4+ T cell differentiation," during the Single Cell Analysis of Genomic and Signaling States session.
My research is focused on understanding how antigen-presenting cells regulate adaptive immunity in response to a diverse range of pathogenic stimuli and environmental cues.
Vaccines have been one of the most important advancements in medical history, but there are still many diseases where no vaccine is available or the available vaccine is ineffective. In order to inform vaccine design, we need to understand the specific signals involved in initiating protective immune responses against a variety of different pathogens.
I have always been interested in biology and understanding how cells perform specialized functions and interact with one another. During my final year as an undergraduate at Victoria University in Wellington, New Zealand, I took an immunology course and instantly knew that this was the field of study that I wanted to pursue. I was completely captivated by this extraordinary network of cells that could be leveraged in so many ways to improve human health.
Was there something specific about the Systems Immunology meeting that drew you to attend?
This was the inaugural Systems Immunology meeting at CSHL and offered the perfect platform to meet with other researchers with an interest in systems immunology. There was also an impressive lineup of speakers presenting data on the latest cutting-edge technology.
Single-cell technologies have helped uncover a remarkable level of heterogeneity and plasticity among immune cells.
There were many exciting new technologies presented at this meeting. I was particularly interested in a platform that allows you to measure protein and mRNA transcript levels simultaneously in individual cells.
I would highly recommend this meeting to both "wet lab" and computational immunologists. The program included lots of unpublished findings and integrated experimental, computational, and mathematical approaches to immunology.
What did you think of your first meeting at CSHL?
I had heard great things about CSHL meetings and was not disappointed! I thoroughly enjoyed my experience at CSHL and will definitely check out future meetings.
The campus is absolutely beautiful and provided the perfect backdrop to a fantastic meeting.
Thank you to Kerry for being this meeting's featured visitor. To meet other featured scientists - and discover the wide range of science that takes part in a CSHL meeting or course - go here.


Thanks for stopping by the Disney Parks Moms Panel! It sounds like you have purchased the Florida Resident Discover Disney Tickets, which is a great way to enjoy a few days at Walt Disney World Resort. Unfortunately, these tickets (like all standard Walt Disney World Resort theme park tickets) are not valid for visits to multiple theme parks on the same day unless you add the Park Hopper Option to them. So you cannot use two of your tickets on the same day to visit two theme parks unless you upgrade your tickets to include the Park Hopper Option. So that means that you will be able to use your tickets to enjoy three days of Disney magic!
Please let us know if you have any other questions as you continue your vacation planning. T-T-F-N, ta ta for now!
On 7/24/2017 Brenda from FL Asked: How much does it cost to add the Park Hopper option to a regular ticket?


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Katz Update: Your Vote, Your Voice!
Montgomery County Maryland sent this bulletin at 11/04/2022 11:00 AM EDT
The 2022 Gubernatorial General Election takes place this Tuesday, November 8th. Elections are our chance to have an impact on the issues that affect us, our families, our community, and our future. Moreover, there are many local races to be decided in this election, including races to elect Montgomery County's first 11-member County Council!
At the County Council this week:
The Council presented two proclamations: 1) Recognizing Carbon Monoxide Awareness Month; and 2) Celebrating Veteran's Day.
The Council held a worksession about FY24 Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission (WSSC Water) Spending Control Limits. View Staff Report.
WSSC Water's spending control limits process was established in April 1994 via resolution.
There are four limits: New Debt, Debt Service, Water and Sewer Operating Expenses, and Maximum Rate Increase.
The Council held a worksession about Bill 26-22, Landlord-Tenant Relations - Radon Testing and Mitigation - Required. I am a co-sponsor of this bill.
This bill would require radon testing in rental housing & require disclosure and mitigation of radon hazards above a certain action level.
The Council unanimously passed a resolution to address and combat antisemitism.
The resolution affirms the non-binding International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's Working Definition of
Antisemitism as an educational tool and reaffirms the County's commitment to combat antisemitism, discrimination, and hate.
PUBLIC SAFETY AND GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS COMMITTEES
I am proud to be the Chair of the Public Safety (PS) Committee and a member of the Government Operations (GO) Committee.
The Public Safety committee met to discuss Expedited Bill 21-22, Weapons- Firearms in or Near Places of Public Assembly.
The bill would prohibit the possession of firearms in or near places of public assembly, with certain exemptions, and remove an exemption that allows individuals with certain handgun permits to possess handguns within 100 yards of a place of public assembly. View Staff Report.
KATZ IN THE COMMUNITY
I had the pleasure of attending the 25th Annual Patricia Sullivan Benefit Dinner for Potomac Community Resources, Inc., a private, nonprofit that promotes the inclusion of persons with developmental differences–intellectual and developmental disabilities – into all aspects of community life.
DISTRICT 3 HISTORIC NOTE
Summit Hall Farm Smokehouse
This outbuilding located on the ridge of Summit Hall Farm is treasured as the oldest complete historic structure within the City of Gaithersburg. Historically known as the Smokehouse, its notched logs and chinked mortar serve as a modern day reminder of the early settlement of Log Town.
The Smokehouse is approximately 14 feet square and rests on a fieldstone base. The roof was originally covered with rough wood shakes which have been replaced with machine cut wooden shingles. The short wide door on the east façade is made from three wide planks nailed to two interior horizontal members. The door was originally designed with a loop leather hinge and peg salt-resistant iron hinge system, but is presently mounted with wide triangular iron strap hinges.
In 1990, the City of Gaithersburg commissioned Dell Corporation to make restoration repairs to this important historic landmark.
Resource: https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=57606
COMMUNITY HAPPENINGS!!
Storytime at Bohrer Park (in- person)
Thursday, November 10, from 10:00 to 10:30 am
18330 Montgomery Village Ave, Gaithersburg
Meet for outdoor story-time at Bohrer Park, where you will wiggle and laugh along to action-oriented books, fingerplays, songs, and rhymes that focus on early literacy skills. For ages Birth to 5. Free.
Veterans Day (in- person)
Friday, November 11, at 11:00 am
Veterans Park: (corner of Rt. 28 and Rt. 355)
Join Rockville's Mayor and Council at this annual ceremony in honor of the men and women who served in the nation's armed forces. American Legion Post 86 will lead the wreath-laying ceremony and their honor guard will present a twenty-one gun salute. Free.
Veterans Day Observance (in- person)
Concert Pavilion: 31 South Summit Ave, Gaithersburg
The City of Gaithersburg will hold a patriotic ceremony which will include words and music to commemorate Veteran's Day. This will be followed by a solemn wreath-laying ceremony. Free.
Words Out Loud (virtual)
Friday, November 4, at 7:30 to 9:00 pm
Coty Poynter and Kathleen Hellen read from their poetry. Includes Literary Trivia Quiz and very brief open mic. Free.
TEMPORARY BUS STOP CLOSURES FOR ROCKVILLE METRO WESTSIDE (10/31 TO 12/27)
NOVEMBER IS....
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Email: Councilmember.Katz@montgomerycountymd.gov
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text:
Kez () település Oroszországban, Udmurtföldön, a Kezi járás székhelye.

Lakossága:  fő (a 2010. évi népszámláláskor).

Fekvése
Udmurtföld északkeleti részén, Izsevszktől 169 km-re helyezkedik el. A Perm felé vezető vasútvonal kisebb állomása.

Története
A település elődje 1696-ban keletkezett. Kétszáz évvel később, II. Miklós orosz cár 1895-ben kiadott rendeletére megkezdődött a Kotlasz–Perm közötti vasútvonal építése. 1899-ben Kez vasútállomás lett, ami döntő szerepet játszott a település fejlődésében. 1925-ben egy kisebb szintű közigazgatási egység (voloszty) központja, 1929-ben járási székhely lett, 1942-ben városi jellegű településsé nyilvánították; ezt a besorolást 2008-ig tartotta meg.

Népessége

 2010-ben a lakosok 64,8%-a udmurt, 28,2%-a orosz, 1,1%-a tatár.

Gazdasága
Elsősorban mezőgazdasági irányultságú járás székhelye. Az 1930-as években lenfeldolgozó és tejfeldolgozó üzeme, erdőgazdasága alakult, 1938-ban elevátor épült. A 21. század első évtizedében továbbra is működtek hagyományos termelővállalatai. Lenfeldolgozó üzemében rostlent állítanak elő. Élelmiszeripari vállalatai közül kiemelkedik a márkázott termékeket előállító sajtgyár.

Jegyzetek

Források

Udmurtföld települései

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
EU Parliament votes for stronger emissions regulations, German automakers lobby for weaker rules
Posted October 10, 2018 by Charles Morris & filed under Newswire, The Vehicles.
The European Parliament has voted to mandate a 20% cut in CO2 emissions from new cars and vans in 2025 and a 40% reduction in 2030. The EU's elected chamber rejected the European Commission's more modest proposal of a 30% cut in 2030 compared to 2021 emission levels. The Parliament's plan includes penalties for automakers that fail to meet sales targets, a key policy instrument the Commission had dropped from its proposal after lobbying by German carmakers.
MEPs also voted to introduce real-world checks on emissions from cars and vans to curb the automakers' practice of cheating on lab tests. Following the recent discovery that carmakers are already finding ways to manipulate the results of the new WLTP laboratory test, MEPs have made it clear that regulators expect emissions cuts to be delivered on the road as well as in the lab.
The EU Parliament rejected the double counting of biofuels and other alternative fuels in regulations that are already promoted through the recently adopted Renewable Energy Directive, and also voted to reduce credits for PHEVs.
EU member states are expected to finalize their position on the law at the Environment Council on October 9, and a final deal is expected by early 2019, ensuring the law is confirmed before the next European elections.
"Despite an unprecedented lobby effort by the oil and car industries, the European Parliament has voted decisively to require carmakers to make their cars cleaner and sell more electric and hydrogen vehicles," said Julia Poliscanova of advocacy group Transport & Environment. "A clear majority of EU governments supports Parliament's decision to accelerate the transition to clean and electric mobility. Only Germany, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria oppose higher ambitions. We shouldn't allow Germany to hold an entire continent to ransom over its failed diesel strategy. Ministers should approve Parliament's decision next Tuesday."
Source: Transport & Environment
Tags: Electric Vehicles in Germany, EV Regulations


7 LED HD digital display. 5x RCA Audio OUT 2x AUX Audio IN 1x TV Antenna IN. 2x RCA Composite Video IN 2x RCA Composite Video OUT 1x Camera IN 1x AUX-IN. 5.1 Channel Stereo Surround.
All standard formats CD and DVD, including WMA, MP3, VCD, SVCD, DVD, DVD-R/+R, DVD-RW/+RW, MPEG4, MP4, CD, CD-R and CD-RW. English, Spanish, French, German, Arabic, Portuguese, Italian, Turkish, Polish, Russian, Hebrew, Thai and Chinese.
SD Card/ USB Media Format. MPEG 4AVIVOBRMVBASFMKV Up to 1080P. Front USB Slot, Up to 32GB(Recommended to use 16GB device, Loading faster). English, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Slovak, Portuguese, Finnish, Dutch, Turkish, Czech, Greek and Danish.
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We accept payments made by teller assisted bank deposit only. More safety than the regular post Only for australia customer IF Item Run out Stock will notify Customer and item will dispatch from oversea warehouse by DHL OR UPS. Do not worry about your items at any time! Pickups are not available under any circumstances.
These charges are the buyers responsibility. You are regarded as received right products as long as you signed for the parcel! If having trouble with the item, the The Repair item can be send it back to our sydney warehouse. And please communicate with us before send it back.
We have made every effort to describe the item and our terms fully. We try to help our customers to rectify any problems, within reasonable limits.
For proper return please include the following. All original packaging and materials. All stock is held in. Purchasing similar items from overseas sellers. Great customer service is our priority and we strive to deliver the best to our customers, take a look at our feedback for confirmation. ALL MESSAGE WILL REPLY WITHIN 24-48 HOURS EXCEPT WEEDEND AND PUBLIC HOLIDAY. We must do our best offer 5 star service for you at anytime! Hope you can meet with our requirement! The item "7 Car DVD GPS Navigation Stereo head unit player For Toyota Kluger 2007-2013" is in sale since Tuesday, August 22, 2017. This item is in the category "Vehicle Parts & Accessories\Vehicle Electronics & GPS\Car Video\Other Car Video". The seller is "supperstores77" and is located in Sydney. This item can be shipped worldwide.


If you have a pest problem, then Environmental Pest Management is the solution. We have a 60 day no questions asked guarantee – even in large homes and multifamily units.
Our cost structure for Carpenter Ant treatments generally run between $150.00 – $400.00. For damaged/infested homes the fee may be slightly higher. This fee will include an inspection, interior & exterior treatment and recommendation for preventative maintenance. Our services include our 60 day warranty and money back guarantee.
This ant is black, with very fine whitish or yellowish hairs on the abdomen and is classified as a wood destroying insect. Minor workers are generally 1/4 inch long and major workers are approximately 1/2 inch. A mature colony typically contains about 2,000 to 4,000 individuals and produces winged males and females.
Carpenter ant nest can be found outside or inside the house. Carpenter ant nest may occur in water damaged wood near skylights, chimneys, drain gutters, window and door frames, wooden shingles, as well as inside hollow porch post and columns, windowboxes, crawlspaces and dishwashers. Sometimes, nests are found in dry areas, near curtain rods, the small voyage between the door casings, balsa beans, or under insulation and in crawlspaces.
Elimination of high moisture conditions is an essential aspect of carpenter ant management. Correct moisture problem such as leaking roofs, chimney flashing, or plumbing, poorly ventilated attics or crawl spaces, and blocked gutters. Replace rotted and damaged wood and eliminate all wood to soil contact. A thorough inspection should be conducted to determine which treatment is best suited for your home. Some options may include: perimeter treatments, aerosol sprays, dusting wall voids, granular bait formulation and baiting.


Kompas Strategy | Can Communications Change Minds?
05 Mar Can Communications Change Minds?
I heard a great story yesterday morning on National Public Radio's Morning Edition (When it Come to Vaccines, Science Can Run into a Brick Wall). The story focused on Brandon Nyhan's work. Nyhan is a professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College. He has been studying why messages intended to debunk cultural myths with scientific truths can actually backfire.
Nyhan studied 1,700 parents who believed that the MMR vaccine can lead to autism. He found that for those parents who are most convinced that these vaccines can lead to MMR, the message actually makes matters worse. What is even more interesting is that the message can initially work. It actually makes them think the vaccine may be safer than thought. But what is remarkable is that in the end, the net result is they become even less likely to take the desired action.
Nyhan believes that when these parents are confronted with a message they do not like, the have a superfluous initial agreement, but the message also challenges their sense of self which in turn erodes their self-esteem. It may even challenge other beliefs and constructs, causing a cascading effect. Once their sense of self is challenged by the message, the mind then fights back against the new information. They might even seek other information that debunks this new information, and in the end, their initial resistance to the message is fortified.
This is very important insight for those involved in developing messaging relying on factual and scientific information to debunk myths. By trying to debunk myths directly using facts and logic, the result may be just the opposite of what is intended.
A more effective path might be to understand how that specific myth relates to other beliefs, myths and constructs within that individual's self, family and culture. By understanding the underpinning of the myth, a less confrontational message can be crafted using a more empathetic approach. The empathetic approach should be crafted to not challenge the sense of self, but to compliment or enhance the sense of self. Thus avoiding the negative counter reaction to the message.


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They're lining up the duck boats in Boston for the celebration of the greatest Red Sox team in history and while, at a major league high $228 million, you could also argue they were the best team money could buy, there is no denying this was a total team effort and a tribute to one of the greatest managing jobs in memory, by the pride of Puerto Rico, Alex Cora.
There's no other way to look at it when you consider the Red Sox handily dispatched the Dodgers in five games despite likely AL MVP Mookie Betts hitting .217 with one RBI, Cy Young-contending lefty ace Chris Sale pitching only five innings with a yield of three runs and a homer, and closer Craig Kimbrel having a very subpar World Series (4.15 ERA, three hits and a homer in 4 1/3 innings).
In their place there was journeyman Steve Pearce emerging as one of the most unlikely World Series heroes ever, batting .333 with three homers and eight RBI, Nathan Eovaldi, eschewing his regular spot in the starting rotation and saving the staff with six innings of heroic relief work in the epic 18-inning Game 3, and David Price, he of the $217 million contract and 1-8 previous postseason record, eradicating his image (mostly) as a surly, overpaid big game bust with a 1.98 ERA for two World Series victories, including seven strong in the Game 5 clincher.
Given the heroics of Price, Eovaldi and Pearce, it is understandable if Tampa Bay Rays fans might feel it is THEY who won the World Series. After all, they signed and nurtured Price through five terrific seasons until they were no longer able to afford him. They gambled with a two-year contract on Eovaldi after the Yankees released him in 2017 following his second Tommy John surgery, and they were one of six teams (including the Yankees) to have employed the 35-year-old Pearce for a spell before kicking him to the curb.
In retrospect, the Red Sox' in-season acquisitions of Eovaldi (from the Rays July 25) and Pearce (from the Blue Jays June 28, a month before the Yankees finally shored up their first base situation by trading for Luke Voit) wound up defining this World Series.
So, yes, it was a total team effort by the Red Sox, orchestrated by Cora, who brilliantly manipulated his pitching staff, interspersing his starters — Price, Eovaldi, Rick Porcello and finally Sale — as relievers and getting the most out of his bench with pinch hitters Eduardo Nunez and Mitch Moreland hitting critical home runs.
Even though the Red Sox won a club record 108 regular season games, because of their payroll, Cora may not have gotten the same support for manager of the year honors as, say, Bob Melvin in Oakland and Tampa Bay's Kevin Cash, who did a lot more with less. However, his performance in the postseason clearly stamped Cora as one of the best managers in the game.
That was no more evident than the selling job Cora did on Price, sitting him down at one point in spring training, and telling him that he was his guy and he had confidence in him to pitch in big games – like Game 5 Sunday night.
As for the Dodgers, they're looking at a long winter of soul searching. Manager Dave Roberts' decision to remove Rich Hill with a one-hit shutout after 6 1/3 innings in Game 4 (and then throwing him under the bus afterward) was perhaps the turning point of the Series. And with their "two platoon" obsession with analytics and matchups deciding their lineup every day – Kiki Hernandez hitting third in the potential elimination Game 5, really? – you have to wonder if that doesn't have an effect on the hitters. Their 56 strikeouts (including the last six in a row in Game 5, were a record for a five-game World Series. Some would say fittingly, the last strikeout of the game was Manny Machado, who hit .182 for the Series.
While the Dodgers were striking out left and right, the Red Sox, a team that prides itself on putting the ball in play, hitting-and-running and, gulp, even bunting, scored 18 of their 28 Series runs (64.3%) with two outs. They will have a couple more days to savor this remarkable season – the victory parade in Boston is Wednesday – and then come the hard decisions for the front office.
Breaking up is hard to do, but Eovaldi (who especially figures to command a hefty contract), Pearce, Kimbrel and reliever Joe Kelly, who had a light's out World Series (10 strikeouts, no runs, no walks over six innings in five appearances), are all free agents. And with Betts, who won a record $10.5 million in arbitration last year, up again, and Dustin Pedroia, hoping to come back from major knee surgery, still owed $40 million for three more years, it's hard to see how the Red Sox payroll won't increase even more.
Sounds like, for now, he doesn't care.


Warsaw, capital of Poland, is the economic centre of the country. The city centre, 95% of which was destroyed during the Second World War, has been rebuilt and it is now quite pleasant to walk around for a few hours. Warsaw is a very good place to spend a good weekend or as a starting point for other Polish cities. Indeed, the two airports of the city offer many connections.
To help you to plan your trips in Warsaw, we listed visits and places of interests to do in Warsaw.
Where to stay in Warsaw (appartments, hotels, youth hostels,...) ?
To enjoy your stay in Warsaw, it is necessary to pick the right location to stay. We give you here our best tips to know in which neighborhood to sleep and choose your accomodation accordingly !
Want to see Warsaw as a local ? To discover hidden places and to enjoy your stay away from mass tourism? The fast lane is here !


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The Tupelo Hardware Store, with its wide plank floors and high ceilings and penny nails for sale, is very much as it was the day Elvis and Gladys came in to buy Elvis' birthday present. He wanted a shotgun, but Gladys convinced him to get a guitar instead.
The explorer Hernando DeSoto came through this area on his way to the Mississippi in 1540, and some three hundred years later, residents chose to honor the explorer by naming both the new county DeSoto and the new county seat Hernando. In 1845, a young Nathan Bedford Forrest, who had come to Hernando to go into business with his uncle, was also elected Hernando's constable and coroner.
The largest importer and grower of fine bonsai in the United States, Brussel's Bonsai in Olive Branch, has been a destination for serious bonsai hobbyists for more than 35 years.
The mothers of both Tennessee Williams and William Faulkner attended 'The W' [the Mississippi University for Women in Columbus], as did Pulitzer Prize-winner Eudora Welty.


text:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "vectornav.h"

/* Change the connection settings to your configuration. */
const char* const COM_PORT = "//dev//ttyS1";
const int BAUD_RATE = 115200;

int main()
{
	VN_ERROR_CODE errorCode;
	double gpsTime;
	unsigned short gpsWeek, status;
	VnVector3 ypr, latitudeLognitudeAltitude, nedVelocity;
	float attitudeUncertainty, positionUncertainty, velocityUncertainty;

	Vn200 vn200;
	int i;

	errorCode = vn200_connect(
        &vn200,
        COM_PORT,
        BAUD_RATE);

	/* Make sure the user has permission to use the COM port. */
	if (errorCode == VNERR_PERMISSION_DENIED) {

		printf("Current user does not have permission to open the COM port.\n");
		printf("Try running again using 'sudo'.\n");

		return 0;
	}
	else if (errorCode != VNERR_NO_ERROR)
	{
		printf("Error encountered when trying to connect to the sensor.\n");

		return 0;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{

		/* Query the InsSolution register of the VN-200. Note this method of
		   retrieving the attitude is blocking since a serial command will be
		   sent to the physical sensor and this program will wait until a
		   response is received. */
		vn200_getInsSolutionLla(
			&vn200,
			&gpsTime,
			&gpsWeek,
			&status,
			&ypr,
			&latitudeLognitudeAltitude,
			&nedVelocity,
			&attitudeUncertainty,
			&positionUncertainty,
			&velocityUncertainty);

		printf("INS Solution:\n"
			"  GPS Time:               %f\n"
			"  GPS Week:               %u\n"
			"  INS Status:             %.4X\n"
			"  YPR.Yaw:                %+#7.2f\n"
			"  YPR.Pitch:              %+#7.2f\n"
			"  YPR.Roll:               %+#7.2f\n"
			"  LLA.Latitude:           %+#7.2f\n"
			"  LLA.Longitude:          %+#7.2f\n"
			"  LLA.Altitude:           %+#7.2f\n"
			"  Velocity.North:         %+#7.2f\n"
			"  Velocity.East:          %+#7.2f\n"
			"  Velocity.Down:          %+#7.2f\n"
			"  Attitude Uncertainty:   %+#7.2f\n"
			"  Position Uncertainty:   %+#7.2f\n"
			"  Velocity Uncertainty:   %+#7.2f\n",
			gpsTime,
			gpsWeek,
			status,
			ypr.c0,
			ypr.c1,
			ypr.c2,
			latitudeLognitudeAltitude.c0,
			latitudeLognitudeAltitude.c1,
			latitudeLognitudeAltitude.c2,
			nedVelocity.c0,
			nedVelocity.c1,
			nedVelocity.c2,
			attitudeUncertainty,
			positionUncertainty,
			velocityUncertainty);

		printf("\n\n");

		sleep(1);
	}

	errorCode = vn200_disconnect(&vn200);

	if (errorCode != VNERR_NO_ERROR)
	{
		printf("Error encountered when trying to disconnect from the sensor.\n");

		return 0;
	}

	return 0;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


On Saturday, together with ISR's Indian community, we celebrated the Indian Harvest Festivals of - Lohri, Makar Sankranti, and Pongal here on campus. What an amazing and colorful event! Our Indian community organized great performances with music and dance, incredibly beautiful costumes, delicious Indian food, and other fun activities.
Our Sound & Stage Engineering Crew, Merlin 7A, Yixin 7B and Camren 8B, are part of a new SLO® team who have an interest in looking at the technical side of performances.
Some of you might remember Nina Hemmer, Olympic Women's Wrestler, and Ole Grammann, Long Jump Track and Field Champion, from our Family Fun and Sports Day last year. ISR is proud to sponsor and support the future career of these two promising young athletes.
A star in school and a star on stage! Jolina has been at ISR since Kindergarten and is now in Grade 7. She loves to dance and sing and just played one of the main characters in the SLO® Drama Club's Christmas production of "Elf".
Before the holiday break Musicbox Oxana (Büderich and Neuss) performed " The Nutcracker" with artistic support from the ISR International School on the Rhine at the C. Bechstein Centrum Düsseldorf.
Phillipp plays the drums, guitar, and piano and he is a member of the ISR Rock Band. Being a talented drummer, he has already participated in various music competitions in the Düsseldorf area.
Marc, Grade 9B, has been at ISR since he was in Kindergarten. Marc is in the top of his class in Grade 9 and working hard to achieve good results. Last month, when Marc's history teacher was out, Marc stepped in to help Shadow Teach the class, ensuring that students and himself didn't fall behind.


Bottom Line: A round and appetizing rose with a nice sense of place - a patio ponder of a rosé.
Amalthea NV Leda, Outer Coastal Plain rating was calculated by tastings.com to be 88 points out of 100 on 5/30/2018. Please note that MSRP may have changed since the date of our review.


text:
Q: iAd Crash Report I am seeing the following crash log in Crashlytics with an iOS app. It is certainly infrequent, and I have been unable to replicate, but it is very annoying.
Anyone able to suggest what this is likely linked to?
Thread : Crashed: com.apple.main-thread
0  libobjc.A.dylib                0x000000019548c0b4 objc_retain + 20
1  libsystem_blocks.dylib         0x0000000195b0dbf8 _Block_object_assign + 320
2  libsystem_blocks.dylib         0x0000000195b0d738 _Block_copy_internal + 384
3  UIKit                          0x0000000189b49988 +[_UIAsyncInvocation invocationWithBlock:] + 84
4  UIKit                          0x0000000189b2e378 +[_UIRemoteViewControllerConnectionRequest __requestRemoteViewController:service:fromServiceWithBundleIdentifier:serializedAppearanceCustomizations:legacyAppearance:exportedHostingObject:serviceViewControllerDeputyInterface:connectionHandler:] + 1320
5  UIKit                          0x0000000189b2e7a8 +[_UIRemoteViewControllerConnectionRequest requestViewController:fromServiceWithBundleIdentifier:serializedAppearanceCustomizations:legacyAppearance:exportedHostingObject:serviceViewControllerDeputyInterface:connectionHandler:] + 72
6  UIKit                          0x0000000189b30b00 +[_UIRemoteViewController _requestViewController:traitCollection:fromServiceWithBundleIdentifier:service:connectionHandler:] + 528
7  iAd                            0x000000018a12c130 +[ADAdSpaceRemoteViewController adSpaceRemoteViewControllerWithCompletionHandler:] + 96
8  iAd                            0x000000018a126908 -[ADAdSpace _requestServiceAdSpace] + 228
9  iAd                            0x000000018a1264ac __30-[ADAdSpace initForRecipient:]_block_invoke + 36
10 libdispatch.dylib              0x0000000195ab93ac _dispatch_call_block_and_release + 24
11 libdispatch.dylib              0x0000000195ab936c _dispatch_client_callout + 16
12 libdispatch.dylib              0x0000000195abd980 _dispatch_main_queue_callback_4CF + 932
13 CoreFoundation                 0x0000000184cd5fa4 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_SERVICING_THE_MAIN_DISPATCH_QUEUE__ + 12
14 CoreFoundation                 0x0000000184cd404c __CFRunLoopRun + 1492
15 CoreFoundation                 0x0000000184c010a4 CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 396
16 GraphicsServices               0x000000018dda35a4 GSEventRunModal + 168
17 UIKit                          0x00000001895363c0 UIApplicationMain + 1488
18 xxxxxxxx                       0x00000001000d6380 main (main.m:16)
19 libdyld.dylib                  0x0000000195ae2a08 start + 4

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Don't hassle yourself with a DIY lock repair that may just end up in additional costs. Call us and we'll be there to provide the professional locksmith solutions you need. We also offer vehicle locksmith services including emergency services for cases of lockouts.


I don't think of myself as particularly spiritually-disciplined. My prayer life is never what it could be. My reading habits are varied and irregular. I do attend worship regularly, but then, that's kind of built into my job. :) The basics of Christian discipleship from my tradition of evangelicalism are not things I've gotten very good at. And so I often wonder if my life is being formed by Jesus' life as it should be.
So when Joan Chittister tells me that "the liturgical year is the arena where our life and the life of Jesus intersect. (p.16), I sit up and pay attention. Maybe because most of my life, I've been taught that the only way to connect with Jesus is through early morning prayer and lengthy bible study and generally just being very spiritual in my approach to life. While I don't mean for a minute to say that prayer and bible reading and study won't aid someone in their pursuit of life with Jesus, I'm immediately struck by Joan's claim that the liturgical year is also key.
And the truth is, even in my 'Christmas and Easter only' version of the calendar that I grew up with, I did encounter Jesus. During the past fifteen years or so, as I've paid a little more attention to more of the calendar, this encounter has broadened and deepened. I suppose you could say that it has helped to form me in that I have not been allowed to determine for myself when I want to think about Jesus life, death, resurrection and ascension. I have submitted to the story being told and have had to wait for the next part of the story to unfold, often not according to the timetable I would choose. For instance, I would contemplate Jesus' Passion in an hour or two. Not a whole week with a season of preparation during Lent. Other times, Holy Saturday seems the most relevant part of the story in my life or in the life of someone I know. They are not experiencing resurrection joy in the circumstances of their lives, and yet Easter Sunday has the audacity to come anyway. Christmas approaches whether I'm ready for the coming of Jesus or not. Ascension and Pentecost arrive even when I'd like to stay in the gospel accounts of Jesus and his buddies. The calendar pulls and pushes me through the story and doesn't let me call the shots. It makes me tell the whole story and not at my own pace.
Chittister helpfully describes how the whole year hinges on this main event, but that the rest of the events help us to live out the death and Resurrection of Jesus, that the living the calendar is "a catechesis as we celebration, a spiritual adventure as well as liturgical exercise." (p.27) She identifies four kinds of celebrations: Sundays (or as my boss calls them, "Lord's Day"), seasons, sanctoral cycle (saints), and Ordinary Time. I am least familiar with the sanctoral cycle, but love how she describes its merit in how it shows us that a faithful life is possible to be lived by all kinds of people in all kinds of places throughout history.
I think that living the calendar one year would be informative in some way, but living the calendar year in and year out is formative. It begins to shape my soul in ways that I wouldn't choose on my own. Left to build my own calendar, I might avoid lament and waiting or get stuck there for entirely too long and without hope of redemption, wholeness and resurrection. The calendar teaches my soul to tell the whole story and to expect that light does shine into darkness. Those dark days of the calendar – Advent, Ash Wednesday, Lent, Good Friday, and especially Holy Saturday teach my soul to pray the darknesses. They are preparation for dark days that are sure to occur in my life. They will prepare me to live my life. In the same way, the high feasts will prepare me to celebrate, here and ultimately in the Kingdom that is not yet here in full.


A ton of beer vendors will be at our Tri-Cities On Tap, going down at the Benton County Fairgrounds March 7. And a ton of beers are capturing my attention. From the oldest brewery dating back to 1896 is Anchor Brewing Co., based out of San Fransisco.
They make a lot of beers, but the one I am most interested in trying is the Anchor ROCK Beer. First of all, the name of it fits me to a tee and it has hints of chocolate and caramel in it.
How in the hell can you go wrong with the name it has and what's in it?
They brew there stuff in a traditional copper brew house. When you look at the photos it makes me want to go back in time and be around the bad boys that brewed beer when you were not supposed to. It would be fun to take on FBI agent Elliott Ness.


Bird painting artists are the ones that experts in drawing reflected birds in the most logical manner. These days, these artists' works are appreciated as many people consider them to be a masterpiece. The language of art is both multifaceted and fascinating. Every type of art carries traits, such as objects, animals or birds, most of which have various metaphorical meanings. Birds seem to appear in myths and legends, and in many religions, they symbolize the human soul. Birds star in every form of art, from early Palaeolithic cave murals to the contemporary world– birds are omnipresent, and they all have symbolic meaning.
Bird painting is not only around having pretty little bird in the painting, but it has more to it such as filling colors, feathers of the bird and much more. You might have noticed the distinction in various species of the birds and their distinction due to their genders. Usually, the only people who can witness this are people who have a keen fascination with birds. Similarly, when bird lovers go through art, they appear to notice the different strokes involved. The real nature of the birds is brought into the paintings by the artists.
Just having an image on canvas is not enough it is essential to have the essences of the bird into the painting. Some artists do think in visual terms, and their works show the beauty of the landscape or the exciting face of a person. Some art explores formal properties of the medium, depicting the vibrancy of color or the hardness of stone.
Usually, the excellent bird painting artists would like to make use of strong, bold and vibrant colors. Apart from that, there are some other subtle tones also. However, there are some of the artists that keep it to basic colors such as black and white. Being a viewer, you will have to surmise what appeals you the most and also your needs. When you get a piece of art for yourself, you need to consider the ambiance of the place wherein you would like to place these paintings.
Art can reveal emotion, from anger and despair to joy and love. You can visit galleries around you to grab a grasp of the art that is put up for display. If you can't find a bird painting artists' work nearby, you can either use the internet or seek out other bird lovers to find magnificent artwork.
Bird painting artists are the ones that experts in drawing reflected birds in the most logical manner. These days, these artists' works are appreciated as many people consider them to be a masterpiece. The language of art is both multifaceted and fascinating. Every type of art carries traits, such as objects, animals or birds, most of which have various metaphorical meanings. Birds seem to appear in myths and legends, and in many religions, they symbolize the human soul. Birds star in every form of art, from early Palaeolithic cave murals to the contemporary world– birds are omnipresent, and they all have symbolic meaning. Essences you can usually find in Bird Painting Artists The Artist's stroke Bird painting is not only around having pretty little bird in the painting, but it has more to it such as filling colors, feathers of the bird and much more. You might have noticed the distinction in various species of the birds and their distinction due to their genders. Usually, the only people who can witness this are people who have a keen fascination with birds. Similarly, when bird lovers go through art, they appear to notice the different strokes involved. The real nature of the birds is brought into the paintings by the artists. Breathe life into art Just having an image on canvas is not enough it is essential to have the essences of the bird into the painting. Some artists do think in visual terms, and their works show the beauty of the landscape or the exciting face of a person. Some art explores formal properties of the medium, depicting the vibrancy of color or the hardness of stone. Color's Choice Usually, the excellent bird painting artists would like to make use of strong, bold and vibrant colors. Apart from that, there are some other subtle tones also. However, there are some of the artists that keep it to basic colors such as black and white. Being a viewer, you will have to surmise what appeals you the most and also your needs. When you get a piece of art for yourself, you need to consider the ambiance of the place wherein you would like to place these paintings. Art can reveal emotion, from anger and despair to joy and love. You can visit galleries around you to grab a grasp of the art that is put up for display. If you can't find a bird painting artists' work nearby, you can either use the internet or seek out other bird lovers to find magnificent artwork.


The North Carolina teenager charged with plotting a "mass attack" to kill as many as 1,000 people in the US to support Isis was turned in by his worried father, according to law enforcement authorities.
The criminal complaint charges that Justin Sullivan, 19, initially planned to buy a semi-automatic AR-15 rifle at a North Carolina gun show, and use it to kill people "at a bar or concert." Weapon purchases at gun shows are far less restricted legally than purchases from retailers. But he also spoke of grandiose plans to kill hundreds of people with a biological weapon or bombs, according to the complaint, reports ABC News.
An undercover FBI officer finally made contact with Sullivan in June after his father alerted authorities in April with a 911 phone call. He was worried about his son's behaviour, saying: "I don't know if it is Isis or what, but he is destroying Buddhas, and figurines and stuff."
Sullivan told the agent who reached out to him that he had converted to Islam, and was a "mujahid," authorities said.
He told the officer he should get "an AR-15 with split-core ammo ... it's fragmenting hollow points ... deadly," authorities said. He also wanted the undercover agent to "just kill a few people so that I know you are truthful," according to authorities. Federal investigators said that among the people he wanted killed were his own parents.
But Sullivan also had much bigger plans, writing the agent that in other operations he imagined "500 is an incorrect body count ... 1,000 is correct," according to the charging document. "I'm thinking about using biological weapons ... coat our bullets with cyanide ... and then set off a gas bomb to finish the rest," he wrote the agent, according to the court papers.
In one of his last conversations with the agent, authorities said Sullivan talked about a second attack, saying: "We could use a U-Haul packed with bombs and then detonate it."
After Sullivan was arrested at his home, he allegedly told interrogating FBI agents that he searched online for nearby places to attack. Authorities believe Sullivan was radicalised by watching Isis videos on social media.
Sullivan is charged with one count of attempting to provide material support to Isis, one count of transporting and receiving a silencer in interstate commerce with intent to commit a felony, and one count of receipt and possession of an unregistered silencer, unidentified by a serial number. The charge of conspiracy to provide material support to a designated foreign organisation carries a maximum potential penalty of 20 years in prison and a $250,000 fine.