text:
<?php
// Без этой директивы PHP не будет перехватывать сигналы
declare(ticks=1);
require_once 'daemonLogger.php';

class Daemon {
    // Максимальное количество дочерних процессов
    public $maxProcesses = 1;
    // Когда установится в TRUE, демон завершит работу
    protected $stop_server = FALSE;
    // Здесь будем хранить запущенные дочерние процессы
    protected $currentJobs = array();

    protected $logger;

    private $commandSwitchOn = "5492 out3 pulse2";

    private $commandSwitchOff = "5492 out3 pulse2";

    private $gammuPath;

    private $dbhost;

    private $dbuser;

    private $dbpassword;

    private $dbname;

    public $db;

    public function __construct($gammuPath = "", $dbhost = "localhost", $dbname = "mmanager", $dbuser = "root", $dbpassword = "", $logFilePath = "") {
        $this->gammuPath = $gammuPath;
        $this->dbhost = $dbhost;
        $this->dbname = $dbname;
        $this->dbuser = $dbuser;
        $this->dbpassword = $dbpassword;
        $this->logger = new DaemonLogger($logFilePath);
        echo "Сonstructed daemon controller".PHP_EOL;
        // Ждем сигналы SIGTERM и SIGCHLD
        pcntl_signal(SIGTERM, array($this, "childSignalHandler"));
        pcntl_signal(SIGCHLD, array($this, "childSignalHandler"));
    }

    public function setDbConnection() {
	$this->db = new PDO("mysql:host=$this->dbhost;dbname=$this->dbname",$this->dbuser,$this->dbpassword);
	$this->db->exec('SET NAMES utf8');
    }

    public function closeDbConnection() {
	$this->db = null;
    }

    public function run() {
        echo "Running daemon controller".PHP_EOL;
        while (!$this->stop_server) {
            $this->launchJob();
        }
	echo  date('Y-m-d-h-m-s') . ': Service closed.';
    }

    private function loopCycle() {
        //Блок 1 Чтение входящих сообщений из папки Inbox, занесение в БД, перенос в архив.
	$newMessages = $this->checkInbox($this->gammuPath . 'inbox');
	if ($newMessages) {
            foreach ($newMessages as $k => $newMessage) {
                if (empty($newMessage['sms_from'])) {
                    if (!$this->db) {
                        $this->setDbConnection();
                        $sql = "SELECT `modem_id` FROM `$this->dbname`.`modems` WHERE `modem_phone`=:modem_from";
                        $result = $this->db->prepare($sql);
                        $result->bindParam(':modem_from', $newMessages['sms_from']);
                        $result->execute();
                        $mid = $result->fetch();

                        if ($mid) {
                            $newMessages[$k] = $mid['modem_id'];
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
	    $this->insertMessagesToDb($newMessages);
            $this->updateModemStatus($newMessages);
	}
	//Блок 2 Рассылка по расписанию
	$this->checkSchedule();
    }

    private function updateModemStatus ($newMessages = "")
    {
        //ATM2-485,TEST:IN2,11:13:57
        if (!empty($newMessages)) {
            foreach ($newMessages as $k => $newMessage) {
                if($newMessage['sms_text']) {
                    $res = $this->parseModemAns($newMessage['sms_text']);
                    if (!empty($res)) {
                        if (empty($this->db)) {
                            $this->setDbConnection();
                        }
                        $sql = "UPDATE `$this->dbname`.`modems` SET `modem_status`=:modem_status, `last_update`=:last_update WHERE `modem_phone`=:sms_from";
                        $result = $this->db->prepare($sql);

                        echo "Device Answer: ";
                        print_r($res['device_answer']);
                        echo "Last Update: ";
                        print_r(date('Y-m-d H:i:s'));
                        echo "New Message: ";
                        print_r($newMessage);
                        $result->bindParam(':modem_status', $res['device_answer']);
                        $result->bindParam(':last_update', date('Y-m-d H:i:s'));
                        $result->bindParam(':sms_from', $newMessage['sms_from']);
                        $result->execute();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private function getModemIdByPhone($modemPhone)
    {
        if (!$this->db) {
            $this->setDbConnection();
        }
        $sql = "SELECT * FROM `$this->dbname`.`modems` WHERE `modem_phone`=:modem_phone";
        $result = $this->db->prepare($sql);
        $result->bindParam(':modem_phone', $modemPhone);
        $result->execute();
        $modem_id = $result->fetch();

        $this->closeDbConnection();
        return $modem_id ? $modem_id['modem_id'] : false;
    }

    private function insertMessagesToDb ($newMessages){
	$this->setDbConnection();
        $modem_id = "";

        $sql1 = "INSERT INTO `$this->dbname`.`smsmessages` (`sms_text`, `sms_from`, `sms_sentdate`) VALUES (:smsText, :smsFrom, :smsSentDate)";
        $sql2 = "INSERT INTO `$this->dbname`.`smsmessages` (`modem_id`, `sms_text`, `sms_from`, `sms_sentdate`) VALUES (:modem_id, :smsText, :smsFrom, :smsSentDate)";
        foreach ($newMessages as $newMessage) {

            if (!empty($newMessage['sms_from'])) {
                $modem_id = $this->getModemIdByPhone($newMessage['sms_from']);
                $this->setDbConnection();
            }

            if (empty($modem_id)) {
                $result = $this->db->prepare($sql1);
            } else {
                $result = $this->db->prepare($sql2);
                $newMessage['modem_id'] = $modem_id;
            }

	    $sentdate = date($newMessage['sms_date']. ' '. $newMessage['sms_time']);
        if (!empty($newMessage['modem_id'])) {
            $result->bindParam(':modem_id', $newMessage['modem_id']);
        }
	    $result->bindParam(':smsText', $newMessage['sms_text']);
	    $result->bindParam(':smsFrom', $newMessage['sms_from']);
	    $result->bindParam(':smsSentDate', $sentdate);

	    $result->execute();

            $this->closeDbConnection();
	}
    }

    private function parseModemAns($answerString) {
	$arr = explode(",",$answerString);
        $result = "";
	if (is_array($arr) && $arr[0] != null) {
	    $result['device_type'] = $arr[0];
	}
	if (is_array($arr) && $arr[1] != null) {
	    $t = explode(':', $arr[1]);
	    if (is_array($t) && $t[1]) {
		$result['device_answer'] = $t[1];
	    }
	}
	if (is_array($arr) && $arr[2] != null) {
	    $result['response_time'] = $arr[2];

        }
	return $result ? $result : false;
    }

    private function checkSchedule() {
	$this->setDbConnection();
	$sql = "SELECT `timeblock_date`, `timeblock_starttime`, `timeblock_endtime`, `modem_phone`, `schedule_name`
		FROM timeblocks t
		LEFT JOIN schedules s ON t.schedule_id = s.schedule_id
		LEFT JOIN modems m ON s.schedule_id = m.schedule_id
		WHERE timeblock_date = (NOW()-CURTIME());";
        if ($result = $this->db->query($sql))
        {
            $result->execute();
            $data = $result->fetchAll();
            print_r($data);
	    foreach ($data as $v) {
                if ($v['modem_phone']) {
		    $now = getdate();
                    $timeblock_date = getdate(strtotime($v['timeblock_date']));
                    $timeblock_starttime = getdate(strtotime($v['timeblock_starttime']));
                    $timeblock_endtime = getdate(strtotime($v['timeblock_endtime']));

                    if ($now['year'] == $timeblock_date['year'] &&
                        $now['mon'] == $timeblock_date['mon'] &&
                        $now['mday'] == $timeblock_date['mday']) {
                        if ($now['hours'] == $timeblock_starttime['hours'] && $now['minutes'] == $timeblock_starttime['minutes']) {
                            $this->sendSMS($v['modem_phone'], $this->commandSwitchOn);
                        }
                        if ($now['hours'] == $timeblock_endtime['hours'] && $now['minutes'] == $timeblock_endtime['minutes']) {
                            $this->sendSMS($v['modem_phone'], $this->commandSwitchOff);
                        }
                    }

                    print_r($timeblock_date);
                    print_r($timeblock_starttime);
                    print_r($timeblock_endtime);
		    print_r($now);

		    if (date('Y-m-d')==$v['timeblock_date'] && date('h-m')==$v['timeblock_starttime']) {
			echo 'Sending SwitchOn SMS';
		    }
		    if (date('Y-m-d')==$v['timeblock_date'] && date('h-m')==$v['timeblock_endtime']) {
			echo 'Sending SwitchOff SMS';
		    }
		}
	    }
        }
	$this->closeDbConnection();
    }

    protected function launchJob() {
        // Создаем дочерний процесс
        // весь код после pcntl_fork() будет выполняться
        // двумя процессами: родительским и дочерним

        $pid = pcntl_fork();
        if ($pid == -1) {
            // Не удалось создать дочерний процесс
            error_log('Could not launch new job, exiting');
            return FALSE;
        }
        elseif ($pid) {
            // Этот код выполнится родительским процессом
            $this->currentJobs[$pid] = TRUE;
	    //call_user_method('getMessages',$this);
	    call_user_method('loopCycle', $this);
            sleep(59);
        }
        else {
            // А этот код выполнится дочерним процессом
	    //call_user_method('getMessages',$this);
	    //echo "PID ".getmypid().PHP_EOL;
            exit();
        }
        return TRUE;
    }

    public function childSignalHandler($signo, $pid = null, $status = null) {
        switch($signo) {
            case SIGTERM:
                // При получении сигнала завершения работы устанавливаем флаг
                $this->stop_server = true;
                break;
            case SIGCHLD:
                // При получении сигнала от дочернего процесса
                if (!$pid) {
                    $pid = pcntl_waitpid(-1, $status, WNOHANG);
                }
                // Пока есть завершенные дочерние процессы
                while ($pid > 0) {
                    if ($pid && isset($this->currentJobs[$pid])) {
                        // Удаляем дочерние процессы из списка
                        unset($this->currentJobs[$pid]);
                    }
                    $pid = pcntl_waitpid(-1, $status, WNOHANG);
                }
                break;
            default:
                // все остальные сигналы
        }
    }

    public function isDaemonActive($pid_file) {
        if( is_file($pid_file) ) {
	    $pid = file_get_contents($pid_file);
            //проверяем на наличие процесса
            if(posix_kill($pid,0)) {
                //демон уже запущен
                return true;
            } else {
                //pid-файл есть, но процесса нет
                if(!unlink($pid_file)) {
                    //не могу уничтожить pid-файл. ошибка
                    exit(-1);
                }
            }
	}
        return false;
    }

    public function checkInbox($inboxPath) {
	$files = array();
        if ($handle = opendir($inboxPath)) {
	    while(false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) {
		if ($file != '.' && $file != '..') {
		    array_push($files, $this->parseInboxFile($file, $inboxPath."/".$file));
                    if (!file_exists($inboxPath . "/../archive/")) {
                        mkdir($inboxPath . "/../archive/");
                    }
		    copy($inboxPath."/$file",$inboxPath . "/../archive/$file");
	    	    unlink($inboxPath."/$file");
		}
	    }
        }
        closedir($handle);
	if (!empty($files)) {
    	    return $files;
	} else {
	    return false;
	}
    }

    public function parseInboxFile($filename, $filepath) {
        $matches = explode('_',$filename);
	if (substr($matches[0],0,2)=="IN") {
	    $matches['sms_date'] = substr($matches[0],2,strlen($matches[0]));
	    $matches['sms_date'] = substr($matches['sms_date'],0,4) . '-' . substr($matches['sms_date'],4,2) . '-' . substr($matches['sms_date'],6,2);
	    unset($matches[0]);
	}
	if ($matches[1]) {
	    $matches['sms_time'] = $matches[1];
	    $matches['sms_time'] = substr($matches['sms_date'],0,2) . ':' . substr($matches['sms_date'],2,2);
	    unset($matches[1]);
	}
	if ($matches[3]) {
	    $matches['sms_from'] = $matches[3];
	    unset($matches[3]);
	}
	unset($matches[2]);
	unset($matches[4]);

	$matches['sms_text'] = file_get_contents($filepath);

	return $matches;
    }
    public function sendSMS($phone, $smsText) {
        file_put_contents($this->getOutboxPath().'OUT'. $phone . '.txt', $smsText);
    }

    public function getOutboxPath() {
        print_r($this->gammuPath . '/outbox/');
        return $this->gammuPath . "/outbox/";
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
<?php
if(!defined('sugarEntry') || !sugarEntry) die('Not A Valid Entry Point');

global $mod_strings;
$module_name = 'AOS_Invoices';
$viewdefs[$module_name]['SideQuickCreate'] = array(
    'templateMeta' => array('form'=>array('buttons'=>array('SAVE'),
    								      'button_location'=>'bottom',
                                          'headerTpl'=>'include/EditView/header.tpl',
                                          'footerTpl'=>'include/EditView/footer.tpl',
                                          ),
							'maxColumns' => '1',
							'panelClass'=>'none',
							'labelsOnTop'=>true,
                            'widths' => array(
                                            array('label' => '10', 'field' => '30'),
                                         ),
                        ),
 'panels' =>array (
  'DEFAULT' =>
  array (
    array(
      array('name'=>'name', 'displayParams'=>array('required'=>true,'size'=>20)),
    ),
    array (
      array('name'=>'assigned_user_name', 'displayParams'=>array('required'=>true, 'size'=>11, 'selectOnly'=>true)),
    ),
  ),

 )

);
?>


It only took a total of four days and the January blues have well and truly set in.
Let's face it, January is pretty grim. It's cold, you're trying to be good and you're broke after the Christmas break. It's easy to see why people want to do dry January.
I for one think January is crap enough without taking away one of my greatest pleasures in life – a crisp G&T of a Friday evening after a heavy week in work. Sure look, what harm is that? It's low in calories and it's super tasty.
That's one sure way to add a bit of happiness to this horrible time of year.
Welcome to Ginfluenced, a weekly series dedicated to our no.1 spirit.
This week we're heading west to the beautiful land of Connemara, famous for its unusual beaches, sweeping vistas and Irish speakers. As well as all of that, you'll find a poitín and gin distillery.
Say hello to Micil Irish Gin!
Micil Irish Gin is the latest release from the Galway Distillery.
I have to say, I adore this gin. It's really different from anything else I've tried and it's got such a great story behind it.
This deep green square glass bottle looks almost vintage at a first glance.
On the front label you'll see the eye-catching name "Micil" written in bold and gold. Beneath is a stunning illustration of the wild botanicals used in the gin.
One of my favourite parts of all is the cork that reads "sláinte mhaith" meaning good health, or also being another way of saying cheers!
Micil is named after the distiller's great, great grandfather Micil Mac Chearra. Every bottle is carefully handcrafted in their micro-distillery in Galway using 100% Irish grain and bogbean botanical.
The unique blend of botanicals are pot-distilled, rather than added after distillation, which creates a crisp and well-rounded flavour.
This gin is rich and fragrant with hints of fresh heather and bog-myrtle.
There are strong aromas of zingy citrus, spice and herbs followed by sweet liquorice-y notes.
Initially, you'll get a kick from the herbs and spices followed by a gentle tang of rhubarb and botanicals, rounding off to the distinctive taste of juniper berries.
The sweetness from the liquorice lingers on the tongue tasting like blackberries in spring.
With tonic it has a semi dry clean and fresh finish.
It really brings out the flavours and compliments the warm spicy botanicals.
A 700ml bottle of Micil Irish Gin will cost you €48.
You'll find it in The Celtic Whiskey Shop, McCambridges, Bradleys, O'Connors, Molloys and in premium gin bars across the Emerald Isle.


Local singer/songwriter Dayna Sanerivi, merges with the talents of blues guitar maestro, Darrin Andrews in their new collaborative project 'A Tune Mint'.
Playing both originals, and refreshed versions of songs written by other artists from across the eras, they have a rather classy R&B / Pop sound that's been fused together with plenty of raw soul, and stripped back to the bare basics using just guitars and vocals.
There's a wide variety of tunes in the repertoire ensuring there's something for everyone throughout the night.


text:
Bureau of Engraving & Printing
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
Federal Election Commission (FEC)
Federal Highway Administration (FHA)
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
National Child Abuse Prevention
Selective Service System
Social Security Administration (SSA)
Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
U.S. Federal Government Agencies
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
U.S. General Services Administration (GSA)
U.S. Government Publishing Office
U.S. Postal Service Inspection Service

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Content development: Marwa Arsanios, Marina Fokidis and Alina Serban.
Exhibition: Kasper Akhøj and Tamar Guimarães, Marwa Arsanios, Ion Grigorescu, Samir Harb, Yorgos Sapountzis; mobile archive project Even my mom can make a book* initiated by Gamze Özer, Timotheè Huguet and Kristina Kramer; the research project Open End is based on the archives of Künstlerhaus & Academy Schloss Solitude.
Finissage: Lindsay Foster and Allan Sekula.
How does the political climate and the cultural context influence artistic practice and curatorial thinking?
How do we exchange ideas, communicate in artistic communities and explore new artist practices?
Which artistic strategies do we share with institutions and their general set-up? What are the institution's principal responsibilities regarding the fostering of artistic research and production and the preservation of artistic work?
What remains after intensive collaboration, exhibitions and research in the archives?
What is the purpose of hoping for a better future?
These questions resulted from a year-long dialogue on exhibition practices between two institutions in Stuttgart, Künstlerhaus Stuttgart and Academy Schloss Solitude. The outcome is exhibited in two parallel exhibitions and a public accompanying program.
The project Future Scenarios with an Open End was initiated by Jean-Baptiste Joly, director of Academy Schloss Solitude, and Misal Adnan Yildiz, artistic director of Künstlerhaus Stuttgart. They had decided to undertake research with an open end as well as an experimental exhibition by using both of their institutions' resources. The contents were developed in collaboration with the curators and cooperation fellows Marwa Arsanios (Beirut/Libanon), Marina Fokidis (Athens/Greece) and Alina Serban (Bucharest/Romania), who had lived and worked at Academy Schloss Solitude for two months in 2014. Since last spring, there were regular discussions and informal meetings that served to exchange ideas, observations and references in order to develop the conceptual foundation of the exhibition.
The exhibition program comprises of artistic projects, archive studies, interventions and public talks. It investigates the essential instruments of political thinking, of institutional contexts and artistic motivation and acts as connecting element between history, present and future of the two institutions.
By exhibiting selected works by Kasper Akhøj, Tamar Guimarães, Marwa Arsanios and Ion Grigorescu, the exhibition develops a complex filmic language, that explores the perception of geopolitical realities, historical transformations and the general artists' quest for universal truth. Samir Harb presents works from his latest graphic novel and Yorgos Sapountzis exhibits a so far unpublished work that deals with a historical moment of our global agenda. Moreover, there is an installation of art books that were collected by young artists from Istanbul and Berlin: The mobile archive project Even my mum can make a book, initiated by Gamze Özer, Timothée Huguet and Kristina Kramer, was spread in the networks of artists and will be extended by launching an open call. The discussion between Künstlerhaus Stuttgart and Academy Schloss Solitude eventually results in a presentation of the undertaken research and the house archives of the two institutions with an eye toward the artists, projects and works that have never met, never intersected – although it would have been meaningful.
By mapping shared memories between Stuttgart, Athens, Bucharest and Beirut and referring to many stories from Brazil to Palestine, the exhibition points at paths for all those who are looking for future. By searching for solidarity, collective identity and artistic visions the project aims at initiating discussions about the gray area between individual responsibility of the artist and his nearly impossible intellectual positioning in times of crisis.
The physical distance, the history of collaboration and the diversity of conceptual interests between the two institutions form the starting point of the project: the institutions' archives, exhibitions spaces, budgets and bus stops (the most convenient form of public transport between Künstlerhaus and Academy Schloss Solitude) connect their memories.
For the first time in almost three decades, Künstlerhaus and Academy Schloss Solitude collaborate on a project that is supposed to put forward an ongoing discussion on how we work, what we share and what remains in the end.
* Even my mom can make a book is a mobile archive for zines, artist books and independent publications that was founded in Istanbul in 2010 by Gamze Özer, Kristina Kramer and Timothée Huguet. Since then, the archive has grown and was exhibited in different places. More than 300 participants from all over the world have contributed publications to the archive. During the exhibition, everyone is invited to take part in our workshops and create own books or zines – as emmcmakeabook is an ever-growing archive, new contributions are alsways welcome.


Eleven girls' team and 12 boys' teams will compete in the District One AAA soccer tournament.
Scott Huff recaps all of last week's SOL action and takes a look at the upcoming week.
Let us know about your favorite alum who is excelling at the collegiate level.
Check out the most recent Bergey's Buick GMC Highlighted Field Hockey Players.
Eleven SOL soccer teams are looking to move on in the District One playoffs.
The SOL has twelve soccer teams attempting to advance in District One play.
The notebook features PW's first championship and Pennridge's third straight title squad.


Bottled in July 2016 and exclusive to Bounty Hunter, this 1986 vintage bottling shows all the glory of older vintage Armagnac with a bit more power and richness. Bold spice, dried figs and plums with hints of marzipan are well showcased here. Cask strength Armagnac is a special treat and with one sip this beauty will earn its place in your in-from-the-cold snifter.


text:
We need honesty, not self-indulgent patriotism
Prime Minister Scott Morrison has made a disingenuous pitch for "unity" and "honesty" in response to Byron Bay Council's decision on September 20 not to celebrate Australia Day, in deference to the hurt it engenders to Indigenous peoples.
Female quotas a step toward tackling toxic workplace culture — inside and outside parliament
There's another blue in the Liberal Party — and this time it is about quotas and the bullying culture towards women.
A nine-year-old's anthem protest has exposed the right's 'free speech' hypocrisy
Sometimes the most powerful protests are those made in silence by brave individuals deciding to take a stand.
Pacific Island nations: 'Climate change, not war, the main security threat' in the region
Samoan Prime Minister Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi made an impassioned plea for the big powers in the region to stop bullying small Pacific Island nations just days before the 49th Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) was held in Nauru over September 3-6.
New collection of essays look at crucial links in class and gender theory
Social Reproduction Theory
Edited by Tithi Bhattacharya
Pluto Press $45
The rise of #MeToo, the anti-rape culture movement in India, the global women's strike and the pro-choice movements that have rocked Ireland and Argentina reveal a new generation of feminist activists organising for change. Many of the new activists may not have heard the debates from the previous upsurge — the "second wave" of feminism.
Samoan PM slams Australia's fossil fools
"Any leader of any country who believes that there is no climate change, I think he ought to be taken to mental confinement. He is utterly stupid", Samoan Prime Minister Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi said on August 31.
New PM Scott Morrison's first lie: 'We're on your side'
Shortly after #libspill, United States President Donald Trump tweeted his congratulations to Scott Morrison, who replaced Malcolm Turnbull as Australian prime minister on August 24. The two have a lot in common.
Socialists to contest state elections: 'We can fix NSW'
There are many ways to fix New South Wales — currently plagued by cuts, privatisations and tollway madness — participants at a socialist activist conference concluded on August 12. The day-long discussion ended with the election of a team of Socialist Alliance candidates to contest for the NSW Legislative Council in the March 2019 elections.
Students have it all, right?
Many people think that university students have it all — time to read, think, sit in the sun and socialise — but that's just a mirage conjured up by glossy advertising.
The reality is vastly different.
I have been reading regularly Green Left now over 20 years. It is a great source of political information not only about the Left and labour movement of Australia but also internationally.
Farooq Tariq
Awami Workers Party, Pakistan.


Limited edition Defender offers exclusivity, and a 5.0-liter V8 with 399 horsepower.
The Land Rover Defender is not dead yet. Technically.
The automaker is celebrating its 70th anniversary as a brand with the 2018 Defender Works V8. According to Land Rover, it "pays homage to the early high-powered engines in both the Series III Stage 1 V8 from 1979 and subsequent Defenders including the 50th Anniversary Edition," which featured a fuel-injected 4.0-liter V8 with 190 horsepower.
Land Rover carefully selected and re-engineered Defender 90s and 110s to fit JLR's 5.0-liter V8, making them the first official Defenders to have a V8 engine since 1998. The naturally-aspirated power plant generates 399 horsepower (405 PS) and 380 lb-ft (515 Nm) of torque. That's quite a step up from the Series III Stage 1 V8's 190 horsepower. Engineers connected it to an eight-speed automatic transmission. Flat out, the Defender Works V8 can hit 60 mph in 5.6 seconds. It will also spin its 18-inch diamond-turned Sawtooth wheels and 265/65 R18 all-terrain tires to a top speed of 106 mph. Those specs mean the Defender Works V8 is the quickest, most powerful Defender in Land Rover history.
Handling hardware including re-tuned springs, dampers, and anti-roll bars, keep these mighty Defenders road-ready, even with the extra power. Additionally, 13-inch front and 11.8-inch rear brakes with four-piston calipers keep adventurous drivers from an untimely demise.
Land Rover will offer the Defender Works V8 in eight standard body colors accented with a Santorini Black grille, roof, and wheel arches. Machined aluminum door handles, gas cap, and hood letters add touches of brightwork. So do the bi-LED headlamps.
Inside, Windsor Leather covers the dashboard, door panels, headliner, and Recaro sport seats. Infotainment comes courtesy of Land Rover Classic.
Land Rover will only produce a total of 150 Defender Works V8s. They will be sold directly through Land Rover Classic to customers in the UK, Europe, Middle East, and North Africa on a personal import basis. Prices start at £150,000.


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Home / Central Data Catalog / COS / ARM_2013_WBCS_V01_M
World Bank Country Survey 2013
Armenia, 2012
The World Bank Group Country Opinion Survey Program (COS)
Public Opinion Research Group
Last modified March 14, 2014 Page views 11086 Documentation in PDF	Metadata DDI/XML JSON
ARM_2013_WBCS_v01_M
Armenia ARM
The World Bank is interested in gauging the views of clients and partners who are either involved in development in Armenia or who observe activities related to social and economic development. The World Bank Country Assessment Survey is meant to give the World Bank's team that works in Armenia, greater insight into how the Bank's work is perceived. This is one tool the World Bank uses to assess the views of its critical stakeholders. With this understanding, the World Bank hopes to develop more effective strategies, outreach and programs that support development in Armenia. The World Bank commissioned an independent firm to oversee the logistics of this effort in Armenia.
The survey was designed to achieve the following objectives:
- Assist the World Bank in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Armenia perceive the Bank;
- Obtain systematic feedback from stakeholders in Armenia regarding:
· Their views regarding the general environment in Armenia;
· Their overall attitudes toward the World Bank in Armenia;
· Overall impressions of the World Bank's effectiveness and results, knowledge and research, and communication and information sharing in Armenia; and
· Perceptions of the World Bank's future role in Armenia.
- Use data to help inform the Armenia country team's strategy.
Stakeholders of the World Bank in Armenia
Public Opinion Research Group The World Bank Group
In September-October 2012, 213 stakeholders of the World Bank in Armenia were invited to provide their opinions on the Bank's assistance to the country by participating in a country survey. Participants in the survey were drawn from among the office of the President; the office of the Prime Minister; the office of a Minister; the office of a Parliamentarian; employees of a ministry, ministerial department, or implementation agency; consultants/contractors working on World Bank-supported projects/programs; project management units (PMUs) overseeing implementation of a project; local government officials or staff; bilateral and multilateral agencies; private sector organizations; private foundations; the financial sector/private banks; NGOs; community-based organizations (CBOs); the media; independent government institutions; trade unions; faith-based groups; academia/research institutes/think tanks; and the judiciary branch.
A total of 192 stakeholders participated in the country survey (90% response rate).
Mail Questionnaire [mail]
The Questionnaire consists of 8 Sections:
A. General Issues Facing Armenia:
Respondents were asked to indicate whether Armenia is headed in the right direction, what they thought were the top three most important development priorities, and which areas would contribute most to reducing poverty and generating economic growth in Armenia.
B. Overall Attitudes toward the World Bank:
Respondents were asked to rate their familiarity with the World Bank, the Bank's effectiveness in Armenia, Bank staff preparedness to help Armenia solve its development challenges, their agreement with various statements regarding the Bank's work, and the extent to which the Bank is an effective development partner. Respondents were also asked to indicate the sectoral areas on which it would be most productive for the Bank to focus its resources, the Bank's greatest values and greatest weaknesses in its work, the most and least effective instruments in helping to reduce poverty in Armenia, with which stakeholder groups the Bank should collaborate more, and to what reasons respondents attributed failed or slow reform efforts.
C. World Bank Effectiveness and Results:
Respondents were asked to rate the extent to which the Bank's work helps achieve development results in Armenia, the extent to which the Bank meets Armenia's need for knowledge services and financial instruments, and the Bank's level of effectiveness across thirty-one development areas, such as economic growth, governance and anti corruption, job creation, and others.
D. The World Bank's Knowledge:
Respondents were asked to indicate how frequently they consult Bank knowledge/research, the areas on which the Bank should focus its research efforts, and to rate the effectiveness and quality of the Bank's knowledge/research, including how significant of a contribution it makes to development results, its technical quality, and the extent to which Armenia received value for money from the Bank's fee-for-service products.
E. Working with the World Bank:
Respondents were asked to rate their level of agreement with a series of statements regarding working with the Bank, such as the World Bank's "Safeguard Policy" requirements being reasonable, the Bank imposing reasonable conditions on its lending, disbursing funds promptly, increasing Armenia's institutional capacity, and providing effective implementation support.
F. The Future Role of the World Bank in Armenia:
Respondents were asked to rate how significant a role the Bank should play in Armenia's development in the near future and to indicate what the Bank should do to make itself of greater value in Armenia.
G. Communication and Information Sharing:
Respondents were asked to indicate how they get information about economic and social development issues, how they prefer to receive information from the Bank, and their usage and evaluation of the Bank's websites. Respondents were asked about their awareness of the Bank's Access to Information policy, past information requests from the Bank, and their level of agreement that they use more data from the World Bank as a result of the Bank's Open Data policy. Respondents were also asked about their level of agreement that they know how to find information from the Bank and that the Bank is responsive to information requests.
H. Background Information:
Respondents were asked to indicate their current position, specialization, whether they professionally collaborate with the World Bank, their exposure to the Bank in Armenia, and their geographic location.
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the source and date of download
Public Opinion Research Group The World Bank countrysurveys@worldbankgroup.org
The World Bank Microdata Library The World Bank
DDI_ARM_2013_WBCS_v01_M_WB
World Bank, Development Economics Data Group DECDG Preparation of the metadata
Version 01 (December 2013)


Nothing beats worktops with matching gables to frame a set of units and give a sense of structure, especially in the thicker options.
We can produce gables to match all our worktop profiles, as well as panels for use as plinths to complete the look. Use gables either side of a break front design to make a feature of the central units.


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Q: Scroll-able area select box as opposed to drop down, Rails https://www.w3schools.com/html/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_elem_select_size
The select box I see is an area based select box as opposed to a drop down. However, In rails I can only get the drop down based select box. I have tried:
<%= f.collection_select :role_cont, Role.where(company: current_user.company), :name, :name, include_blank: true, :multiple => true, class: 'form-control chosen-it', :size => 10 %>

The above does not work. Note the :size attribute. From a gem I have:
<%= select_tag 'recipients', recipients_options(@chosen_recipient), multiple: true, class: 'form-control chosen-it' %>

This does work, it creates an area based select box that I want. How do I set my select boxes to be a scroll able area as opposed to a simple drop down? Also I want to be able to use scroll able select box even when I can only select a singular object

A: Here why you added ':multiple => true' if you want select only one option,
these option is used when you want to select multiple values from select box.
<%= f.collection_select :role_cont, Role.where(company: current_user.company), :name, :name, include_blank: true, :multiple => true, class: 'form-control chosen-it', :size => 10 %>

Remove :multiple => true and it work as you want without area based select box

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Bitter Sixteen Bristol launch is tonight!
Hello! I will be launching Bitter Sixteen like a neatly bound page-numbered bottle of champagne into the ship's hull that is everyone's lives (or whatever) at Blackwell's book shop on Park Street in Bristol this evening, from 6pm until 8pm. There'll be wine and books and a reading. Please do come along!


Political scientist speaks to Arutz Sheva on Opposition's resistance to the bill, why political decisions need to be implemented over time.
The Governance Bill significantly raises the voting threshold, risking several small parties' ability to enter the Knesset., according to an expert.
Or Tuttnauer, a researcher at the Israel Democracy Institute and author of the book Ezer Knegda ("A Helpmate Against Her") on the role of the Opposition in the Israeli government, spoke to Arutz Sheva on Tuesday about the Opposition's outrage over the possibility of raising the Knesset threshold.
According to Tuttnauer, the law itself has solid legal principles - but its presentation needs to be re-examined. The key, according to the researcher, is to implement the law in a series of steps - to provide the political system to prepare itself for the change, whether that means combining Opposition parties or taking other steps to preserve the Opposition's role in the Knesset.
Tuttnauer also said that the law is being rushed too quickly through the Knesset.
While some believe that passing the law quickly gives the Opposition more time to prepare themselves politically for the next election, Tuttnauer noted that the rush does not give the government time to gauge the public's reaction to the change, and that the rush is unwarranted due to the time between now and the next elections process.
As things stand, according to Tuttnauer, the public must choose between a number of options in voting for the next elections - whether to switch support to majority parties, show support for struggling minority parties, or even boycott the voting process - with relatively little warning.
The researcher predicted that the law itself will probably pass through the Knesset - and with the public's blessing. He stressed that while he personally believes that the law should be implemented gradually, it is unlikely to cause more political upheaval than it has already.
On Monday, the Opposition parties sat out the controversial debates beginning over the three total laws being discussed in the Knesset this week - the Governance Bill, the Referendum Law, and the Equal Burden of Service Law - saying that a compromise offered to add an additional day of deliberation was "too little, too late."


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James Allen Byrne (27 January 1911 – 5 September 1975) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Grand Rapids, Minnesota, United States and became a miner by career.

He was first elected at the Kootenay East riding in the 1949 general election, then re-elected there in the 1953, 1957, 1962, 1963 and 1965 elections.

Byrne was not in Parliament for one term during this time due to his defeat in the 1958 election by Murray McFarlane of the Progressive Conservative party.

Byrne was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Transport from 1966 to 1968, and also served as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Labour from 1963 to 1965.

External links

1911 births
1975 deaths
People from Grand Rapids, Minnesota
American emigrants to Canada
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from British Columbia
Liberal Party of Canada MPs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Discussion in '3D Cameras' started by Bill Klein, Aug 30, 2011.
In the "for what it's worth" category, I just processed a few side-by-side stereo pictures that I took years ago with my Nicon D5000 using a Loreo stereo lens attachment. I used "stphmkre" to build mpo files from the side-by-side JPEG files. I copied the mpo files onto a memory stick and viewed them in stereo on my 3D TV using my NEX 5 camera. Works great.
I suspect a lot of you old timers already new this could be done, but it was new to me and might be of some interest to some.
How do I get a SONY HX800 to play 3D side-by-side through an HDMI port?


Hi guys! Just did my first weight lifting session at home using just a bench and my dumbell set. Just wanted to say my legs are having spazms, I cant straighten my arms, my biceps feel really hot and I can literally feel the blood rushing to them. I cant hold my arms out to the side for longer than 20 seconds the feel soooo heavy and the best thing about it all is it all feels amazin!
Dont overdo it, your body is unaccustomed to the stimuli and if you overdo it you will find yourself incapacitated for several days.
Start off gentle and work your way up.
I can't really add a lot pancakes, so will simply stop at "Good Job, keep it up!"


Pucci & Catana Luxury Pet Boutique has a clear mission in their shop, and that is to connect people with their pets. In 2010, the first Pucci & Catana retail location opened its doors on Fifth Avenue South in Naples, Florida. Pucci & Catana also created a shopping destination online, launching PucciandCatana.com in October 2012. This site has found great success with online shoppers around the world who are looking for a little something special in their online experience. The second Pucci & Catana retail location opened its doors in October 2014 at Harbourside Place, Jupiter's premier location for shopping, dining, entertainment and boating. For big dogs, little dogs & cats this luxury pet boutique offers unique pet accessories that you won't find anywhere else.
Pucci & Catana doesn't stop there, in Jupiter Big Dog Ranch frequents the shop with pet adoptions events, and Friends of Jupiter Beach works closely with Pucci & Catana to continue to keep the beaches clean & dog friendly.
"We believe that if we care about connecting people with their pets - they will share and help us to spread the Pucci & Catana vibe!"


I love Back to School, as a teacher and especially now as a parent because the kids are back to school. KidzVuz 3rd Annual Back to School event brought together top brands with kids in July. Jack, Charlotte and I headed down to meet with the thirteen sponsors. These events hold great exposure to brands but also so kid friendly, many times the brands/companies talking directly to the children.
Juicy Juice had new Splashers to try- YUM! and coloring sheets for the children while I did discuss with the representatives more about Juicy Juice and incorporating it in the lunch boxes for the fall.
Classroom Direct is your go to for all classroom and student needs. I have used them in the past when I was in a classroom teaching, LOVE them and their customer service. Teachers take note!
EZPZ Patches- The no iron, no sow patches for kids to customize everything.
Lucky Bar- Mom-made yummy bars for kids with "more protein than 2 eggs" in each bar. jack and Char each tried on and finished, WINNING, since I have two very picky kids.


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Home Cyber security 11 Questions to Ask Your IT Department to Protect Against Cyberattacks
September 9, 2019 In Public Safety Contributor 0
11 Questions to Ask Your IT Department to Protect Against Cyberattacks
September 9, 2019 In Public Safety Contributor
How Machine Learning is Changing Intelligence Collection
The Ethical Dilemma of Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia
How Armed Citizens Can Prepare to Engage an Active Shooter
Expert Witness Chronicles: Assessing Risk and Playing the Blame Game
Staff Shortages Cited as Key Factor Leading to Prison Riots
This article is featured in the magazine, Protecting Against Cyberattacks: A Guide for Public Safety Leaders. Download it now.
By Sam Greif, Fire Chief of Plano, Texas
Fire chiefs have plenty to be concerned about while trying to protect the public and our personnel. Over the last several decades, new threats and challenges have emerged, including active shooter events, health epidemics, hazmat disasters, emergencies requiring technical rescues, and high-rise fires, to name a few.
One additional new threat that has devastating consequences and that many fire leaders are not adequately prepared for is cyberattacks. While many fire chiefs feel their IT departments should be more cognizant of cyber threats, many do not consider
threats of cyberattack as part of their day-to-day operations.
[Related: Preparing for a Cyberattack: Creating Contingency and Backup Plans]
According to the 2016 Deloitte-NASCIO Cybersecurity Study, state officials, including emergency managers and chiefs of police, are more confident in their states' ability to address cybersecurity (66 percent) than state chief information security officers are (27 percent). This confidence gap signals a need for increased communication about cybersecurity risk and methods to prevent and mitigate against potential harm.
It is understandable that there is a gap in grasping the complexities of cybersecurity. After all, terms such as authentication, declaration of conformity, DMZ, encryption, firewall, IDS, ISP, IPS, LAN, malware, proxy server, spyware, VPN, WAN, worm, and the rest of the IT alphabet soup are not part of the traditional fire service lexicon.
The good news is fire chiefs do not have to know the details of how to protect our departments and our personnel against cyberterrorists. However, we do need to know what questions to ask IT experts to ensure they fully understand all the vulnerable technology we use on a daily basis.
Systems that need to be protected include 9-1-1, public safety radios, CAD (computer- aided dispatch), electronic patient reporting, records management systems, mobile data computers, and phone PBX systems. These systems are all potential targets for those who wish to do harm to our departments and communities.
Leaders in the fire service need to make sure they are asking the right questions to the right people.
To find out what questions I should be asking, I went directly to my local IT department. I met with IT to learn how we could ensure the systems my department uses are protected as much as possible. Here are the questions all fire chiefs should ask.
11 Questions to Ask Your IT Department
What is the configuration of our firewall?
The firewall should not allow any connections from the outside. All connections to computer-aided dispatch (CAD) and records management systems (RMS) should be made over a virtual private network (VPN).
Do our systems meet CIS benchmarks?
The Center for Internet Security (CIS) benchmarks aid in server setup. Requirements can be found here.
Do our critical networks have a firewall between the internal network and the protected networks? Critical networks include SCADA, building safety, and CJIS. Critical networks include supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), building safety, and Criminal Justice Information System (CJIS). All traffic in and out of the protected networks should be monitored and recorded.
Have all default passwords been changed? Many systems come with a default password or built-in account from the manufacturer or vendor. These passwords must be changed to lessen the chance they can be hacked.
Does the network have a central time server called a NTP? A network time protocol (NTP) allows for the clocks on all equipment to stay in sync for logging and audit purposes. Also, some encryption technologies require this.
Do all critical systems send their log files to a central server? Using a central server allows for logging and audit in case of a breach, and some systems send an alert when it detects a breach.
Are user permissions on systems set to the minimum necessary for them to do their job? Granting permission greater than
the minimum necessary can increase compromises and removes accountability within those systems. If access is limited, it will reduce the chance of changes— accidental or intentional—being made within the system. Limited access also reduces the chance of exfiltration of information from the network.
Is there an ongoing and updated inventory of assets? This should include date of purchase and disposal, who owns the equipment (IT), and who owns the data on the equipment (PD, fire).
Does IT use tools to monitor servers for patches? Many departments use tools like Nessus (free for up to 25 servers) or Qualys to monitor systems and send notifications when server patches are needed and available in order to keep them secure.
Does IT limit the number of administrator accounts on systems? Administrators can expand their power by granting permission to accounts they do not normally have access to. Since administrators have the ability to delete entire systems and shut down access to all computers within the system, background checks should be in place for all administrators.
For departments storing HIPAA or CJIS data on its server, are those hard drives properly encrypted?
Encryption is critical to protecting personal data stored on servers. While encryption is required by HIPAA, it's smart to verify that IT has proper encryption protocol in place.
Most of the answers to these questions are still foreign to me, and I certainly would not know how to achieve getting them done. However, by having the conversation with
my IT department and discussing all the technology involved, I feel more confident they are on track working hard to protect our systems. This dialogue also led to IT providing me with tips for my personnel about how to help protect our systems against phishing, vishing (voice phishing), and pharming attacks—all of which are designed to steal information or cripple an organization's technology.
Until fire chiefs take an interest in cybersecurity and make time to have ongoing conversations with IT, they risk being vulnerable to cyberattacks.
About the Author: Chief Sam Greif began his career as a paramedic in 1982 and joined the Fort Worth (CO) Fire Department as a firefighter in 1985, where he worked his way up through the ranks to assistant chief of operations. In June 2015, after an extensive nationwide search, it was announced that Greif was selected as the new fire chief for the City of Plano, Texas. Chief Greif holds an associate in applied science
degree in fire science, a bachelor's degree in leadership from Midwestern State University, a master of public administration from the University of Texas at Arlington, and is a graduate of the National Fire Academy's Executive Fire Officer Program. Chief Greif has served on numerous state and national boards and committees. He currently is the chair of the International CAD Consortium and was on the board
of directors for Tarrant County 9-1-1 for eight years. He is a member of the IAFC's Terrorism and Homeland Security Committee, Metro Chiefs, and Collin County Fire Chiefs, and is an active member of the Plano Rotary Club. To contact the author, email IPSauthor@apus.edu. For more articles featuring insight from industry experts, subscribe to In Public Safety's bi-monthly newsletter.
Sign up now to receive the InPublicSafety eNewsletter.
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Degrees for First Responders from American Military University


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Oxnard police go door to door to solve La Colonia fatal hit-and-run
Going door to door to find witnesses, Oxnard police stepped up their efforts to find the driver of a vehicle that fatally struck a local resident.
Oxnard police go door to door to solve La Colonia fatal hit-and-run Going door to door to find witnesses, Oxnard police stepped up their efforts to find the driver of a vehicle that fatally struck a local resident. Check out this story on vcstar.com: https://www.vcstar.com/story/news/local/communities/oxnard/2019/05/21/oxnard-police-seek-publics-help-fatal-hit-and-run-investigation/3760573002/
Jeremy Childs, Ventura County Star Published 9:21 p.m. PT May 21, 2019 | Updated 10:50 a.m. PT May 22, 2019
Oxnard police went door to door in a search for witnesses Tuesday as they hunted the driver of a vehicle that fatally struck a woman as she walked home from church in La Colonia.
Rosa Cortes Castillo, 49, of Oxnard, was struck at 8:45 p.m. May 12 at Colonia Road and Marquita Street, Oxnard police said. The crosswalk there is unmarked, although the curb dips for pedestrians.
Castillo had just attended evening services at Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, 500 N. Juanita Ave. She was crossing the intersection south when she was hit by a vehicle traveling west, police said.
Other fatal hit-and-runs:
Woman identified after dying from hit-and-run crash in Ventura
Alleged drunken driver in fatal Oxnard hit-and-run ordered to stand trial
Scenes from site of fatal hit-and-run in Oxnard
A street sign of the intersection where a hit-and-run fatally injured Rosa Cortes Castillo, 49, of Oxnard on May 12. JEREMY CHILDS/THE STAR
Oxnard police officers describe where Rosa Cortes Castillo, 49, was found in the roadway after a hit-and-run accident along Colonia Road on May 12. JEREMY CHILDS/THE STAR
Oxnard police officers canvassing the area near a fatal hit-and-run crash in the La Colonia neighborhood on Tuesday evening. JEREMY CHILDS/THE STAR
Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, 500 N. Juanita Ave., was where Rosa Cortes Castillo, 49, of Oxnard, attended church services before she was injured in a hit-and-run crash. JEREMY CHILDS/THE STAR
The unmarked intersection of Colonia Road and Marquita Street where a hit-and-run crash fatally injured Rosa Cortes Castillo, 49, of Oxnard, on May 12. JEREMY CHILDS/THE STAR
Castillo was taken to Ventura County Medical Center for treatment of her injuries. While undergoing surgery on her leg, she experienced major complications.
She was pronounced dead Thursday night.
The crash involved a red sport utility vehicle that was last seen heading west on Colonia Road. Witnesses reported the vehicle was moving at a high speed, authorities said. It may have damage on the left front bumper. Its make and model are still under investigation by police.
Starting around 6:30 p.m. Tuesday evening, about a dozen police officers canvassed along Colonia Road between North Oxnard Boulevard and Camino Del Sol, passing out fliers and searching for potential witnesses. Officers first met in the parking lot of the church attended by Castillo and broke off into small groups to speak with residents in the surrounding area.
An electronic sign at the site of the crash asked witnesses to call Oxnard investigators.
Anyone with information is asked to contact Senior Officer Paul Knapp at 805-385-7750. Information can also be given anonymously by calling Ventura County Crime Stoppers at 800-222-8477.
Jeremy Childs is a breaking news and public safety reporter covering the night shift for the Ventura County Star. He can be reached by calling 805-437-0208 or emailing jeremy.childs@vcstar.com.
Read or Share this story: https://www.vcstar.com/story/news/local/communities/oxnard/2019/05/21/oxnard-police-seek-publics-help-fatal-hit-and-run-investigation/3760573002/
Moorpark man suspected of DUI while on meth
Camarillo real estate agent pleads guilty to tax offense


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'Gracias Diego': Maradona's Fans Mourn Legendary Player's Death
By Philip Reeves • Nov 26, 2020
A man cries as he waits in a line outside the presidential palace to pay his final respects to Diego Maradona, in Buenos Aires on Thursday.
Rodrigo Abd / AP
Originally published on November 26, 2020 4:44 pm
With tears, songs and prayers, a multitude of Argentines flooded into the heart of Buenos Aires to pay their final respects to Diego Maradona, one of the world's greatest soccer players.
Thousands of fans lined up from the early hours on Thursday to file past Maradona's wooden casket as he lay in the Casa Rosada, the presidential palace, beneath his nation's sky-blue-and-white flag and his signature No. 10 shirt.
The facade of the pink-tinged palace was decorated with a huge black ribbon in honor of the audaciously skillful player who rose from poverty to stardom at a young age, and became a national hero by leading Argentina to World Cup victory in 1986.
Mourners embrace as they wait to see Diego Maradona lying in state outside the presidential palace in Buenos Aires on Thursday.
Occasional clashes with police broke out as some of the crowd grew frustrated with waiting and broke through the security barriers.
As the morning grew longer, a pile of red roses, banners, scarves and shirts formed alongside Maradona's coffin, thrown there by mourners. Some grieving fans carried banners simply saying "Gracias Diego."
"Maradona for me is the greatest thing that happened to me in life. I love him as much as my father and it's like my old man died," Cristian Montelli, a 22-year-old supporter with a Maradona tattoo, told Reuters.
Police block soccer fans waiting to see Diego Maradona lying in state in Buenos Aires on Thursday.
Marcos Brindicci / AP
Maradona, 60, died of a heart attack on Wednesday at his home on the outskirts of Buenos Aires, where he was recovering from recent brain surgery. After his playing career ended, his life was marred by much-publicized battles with cocaine, alcohol and ill health.
Yet the tributes pouring in from supporters, sports celebrities and politicians around the world have focused on his sporting triumphs, including glittering stints at Barcelona and Napoli. His illicit "Hand of God" goal in the World Cup against England in 1986, and breathtaking solo goal four minutes later, made soccer history.
Some of the crowd outside the palace reportedly spent the night mourning their hero on the capital's streets. After news of Maradona's death was announced, some fans went to lay flowers and candles at his childhood home. Others gathered at the stadium of Boca Juniors, one of Maradona's teams, and also at the Argentinos Juniors' stadium, where he started his career.
Fans line up to pay respects to Diego Maradona at the presidential palace in Buenos Aires on Thursday.
Natacha Pisarenko / AP
Despite the COVID-19 pandemic — which has claimed more than 37,700 Argentine lives — a large throng of supporters also congregated at Buenos Aires' landmark Obelisk monument to sing songs, flourish flags and chant.
Maradona's burial is expected to be held on Thursday evening at the Bella Vista cemetery on the outskirts of Buenos Aires where his parents are also buried. Argentina's President Alberto Fernández has declared three days of national mourning, saying Maradona had made Argentines "intensely happy" and describing him as "the greatest of them all."
Although that claim is disputed by many in Argentina's neighboring Brazil — a fierce soccer rival, where Pelé is widely seen as the world's best-ever player — the Brazilian media marked Maradona's passing with numerous pieces extolling his exceptional talents.
"Farewell, Brother," said Thursday's front-page headline in the Rio de Janeiro tabloid O Dia.


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Prevention is the role...
Prevention is the role of governments, not health systems
BMJ 2019; 364 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l228 (Published 18 January 2019) Cite this as: BMJ 2019;364:l228
Fiona Godlee, editor in chief
Follow Fiona on Twitter @fgodlee
We are told that prevention is at the heart of the long term plan for the NHS, published last week (doi:10.1136/bmj.l80; doi:10.1136/bmj.l85). This sounds like good news; prevention is, after all, better than cure. But we should be wary of suggestions that it's the role of the NHS to prevent disease. There are many good elements of secondary prevention in the plan, as Rachel Chapman and John Middleton point out this week (doi:10.1136/bmj.l218), but there are also many other calls on the NHS's limited …
See other articles in issue 8183
Fiona Godlee editor in chief
Godlee Fiona. Prevention is the role of governments, not health systems BMJ 2019; 364 :l228
Articles by Fiona Godlee
You are going to email the following Prevention is the role of governments, not health systems


I started working on a library called clj-thamil that I envision as a general-purpose library for Thamil language computing (ex: mobile & web input method), but a slight excursion in that work has led me to some very deep, intriguing ideas — some of which are technical, and some of which are socio-cultural. But they all fit together in my mind — Clojure, macros, opportunity and diversity (in computing), and the non English-speaking world.
I think that the implications are things that we should all think about. But if nothing else, hopefully you can read this account and understand something about macros — the kind of power they uniquely provide and at least good one use case where they are necessary.
How does one even begin??
I tried starting on this Thamil language project a year ago, but I immediately shelved it and left it alone for a large majority of that time. Why? I couldn't find an editor that would support programming and typing of Thamil characters properly at the same time.
I'm using Mac OS X, which has been supporting Unicode well. Thamil, like other South & Southeast Asian languages, are set up in Unicode so that most of their letters [human language elements] require more than 2 characters [computer memory storage type]. Character is not synonymous with letter. For example, the letter கி in Unicode is the combination of the characters க + ி. But the rendering of the computer character ி is not an actual letter in the Thamil language. Also, both characters have to be treated together as a unit not only by the OS but also by the applications that render the text — basically, the stack between storage and user interface — for க + ி to be recognized as being side-by-side and converted into a different shape, கி. Many Mac-native applications and editors like TextEdit handle the character-combo letters by default. Many programming-specific editors are cross-platform and/or non-native, so even their ports to Mac OS X don't use the OS-support required for proper rendering. Neither Emacs for OS X, Eclipse, IntelliJ, jEdit, or a couple of other programming text editors "worked" – got OS support to combine characters. I basically gave up, but 9 months later, I tried Aquamacs on a whim, and it worked!
Clojure, like any language that supports a functional programming paradigm, has functions as first-class values. The interesting part is that we can store first-class values, since we can take any function and create a new binding (associating a value with a new 'name') whose value is now equal to the original function.
So now we can 'translate' function names, even if superficially. So how far can we go? The core library of Clojure operations come from special forms, functions, and macros. Special forms and macros can't resolve to values, though, so if we can find a different way to "translate" them, we can use that technique to pull off a fairly extensive translation of Clojure from English to an entirely different human language (aka "natural language").
In essence, a macro is special type of function where the input is some block of code, and the output is a block of code. As a result, macros are run in a special way — they are run on the code blocks before the contents of that code block get evaluated.
This enables macros to abstract out code reptition in ways that regular functions can't. Basically, if you see any code repetition whatsoever, and if that can't be helped by better code design and refactoring the repetitious code into a new function, then a macro will be your answer. My favorite example is the with-open macro, which gracefully handles try-catch-finally blocks for I/O objects with minimal code. Doto and its 'fancier' cousins, the threading macros -> ("thread first") and ->> ("thread last"), are also good examples.
Macros operate code at a 'higher' level than your regular function — we're looking at the input code blocks to the macro as a bunch of shapes that we manipulate using the macro. Basically, we're looking at the text of the code and treating it as data to operate on, before we take the result and then evaluate it like regular code.
So at this level on which macros operate, we can do the following to pull off our 'translation' idea for the special forms and macros: create a macro that takes whatever was given to it and pass it along verbatim to some other special form/macro.
The above macro definition says to take the code block(s) passed to 'எனில்', package them up into an array of shapes of code called 'body', and then unwrap the code shapes into a call to 'if'.
That seems tedious. Inefficient. There is a lot of repetitive code here (the "def", the "defmacro", the shape of the defmacro definition, etc.). And we can't really write a function to refactor out the repetitive code. But I just said that this is the kind of case that a macro can solve.
I'll fast-forward through the details and say that you can see the final macros that take a map of symbols (symbol of the English name mapping to the symbol of the Thamil name). And you can see the progression of steps that it took to get there in the linked slides.
takes a word and pluralizes it"
Because macros aren't values like numbers, strings, and functions are, you can't compose them. Once you use a macro, you might end up having to use more macros around it (ex: you can't pass it around to existing higher-order functions). Our use case is an example of that. So use macros sparingly, as a last resort. Prefer using functions — they compose and can be passed as arguments to other functions. This is why I have a separate macro for translating function names, even though the macro for translating the names of macros and special forms alone is sufficient.
While the benefit of only needing a map of symbols can be viewed as simplicity or elegance, it is the result of an instinct about programming in general imparted by Clojure's design to try to isolate state and operate on it with a toolset of composable functions. It's a mindset that keeps paying dividends.
Since the only Thamil-specific information required to effect the "translation" is stored in just 2 maps, does this mean that we can use the same strategy for any other language? Sure! Why not? As far as Java is concerned, all of the characters it sees when it parses code are 16-bit Unicode characters/codepoints. It doesn't know which range the codepoints fall in, or even how they have to be handled by the OS and applications to appear properly. So, nothing is Thamil-specific.
Also, it's important enough to be worth pointing out, even if it is obvious to you, that none of the macro code here required modifying Clojure as a language, or the Clojure parser or compiler. This is all "user-level" code. And yet, we've created what is truly an entirely new programming language. I can create code that is entirely in Thamil without knowing that Clojure / Lisp exists underneath. Cascalog is another favorite example of mine of what creating a new language on top of Lisp looks like that is written using "user-level" Lisp code, even though it doesn't quite syntactically resemble the core Clojure / Lisp that it is based on. The power to shape your language to suit your needs, even if it starts looking like another language, is the power that macros give you. And this is why Paul Graham's book about Lisp is called On Lisp — the title emphasizes that Lisp lets you write new languages on top of Lisp.
Clojure is based on Java (it runs on the Java Virtual Machine).
the namespace that contains the translations (here, clj-thamil.core).
Some of these issues might be solved by modifying the Clojure reader, which some projects already do. Another idea is to localize the source code for Clojure itself somehow. I would consider exploring how far the first idea can take you. The second approach seems like it would be near-comprehensive, but also a lot of difficult work that risks obsoletion when the language changes. Fortunately, Clojure as a language is "stable" as I see it — the design is carefully thought out and controlled in a consistent and cohesive way. Changes are usually additions to the language or implementation details, making most code forward-compatible (including all of the code used here).
There are a lot of implications of creating the ability to program in another human language which, I think, in the balance is a net positive for the world. The most obvious point is that English is not the primary language for most of the world.
For all the kids in the non-English speaking world, especially the ones in non-Western / non-developed countries, learning to program means having to learn and think in a second language in order to learn programming and write code in a programming language. Even in a place like Southern India, which is a hotspot for programming work, this creates a challenge for kids who do not enjoy the privilege of access to good English education but who still want to program (and get lucrative jobs). The divide is clear; even the state government of Tamil Nadu, where Thamil speakers live, which also creates the Thamil language textbooks and distributes them for free to all grade school students, uses screenshots of the default English interface of basic computer software as part of its computer/technology books (at least when I last checked). Of course, the hands-on classes would be more of the same. Students who aren't fluent in English by their teenage years manage by memorizing which clicks of which icons and UI elements do what they need. The presence of an error dialog box may tell you that something is wrong, but being able to read the text of the error message, comprehend it (along with the jargon), and take actions accordingly is a different task altogether.
The task of learning programming is hard enough. It is a technical area that requires learning a separate vocabulary. It is an abstract subject that is not necessarily easy to explain. Having programming in someone's first language allows that person to deal with only the concepts of programming when learning it. And through different human languages, we may open up different approaches to programming than with what we get through just English. What does it mean to write code that mimics human language when your language isn't subject-verb-object (SVO), but instead subject-object-verb (SOV), as is most common in the world's languages. Does OOP make more intuitive sense to people who speak SOV languages? What about Clojure/Lisp? In my limited experience of programming in Thamil in Clojure, it feels pretty similar. Human languages that start with a verb are rare, so in one way, you could say that Lisp is equally strange to most people. But the fact that there is less syntax to learn, and that the rules of the language are few and simple, and the fact that the code that you write fits the contours of the problem domain that you're trying to solve, contribute to the experience of Clojure in Thamil being similar to Clojure in English.
The tech industry, as epitomized by Silicon Valley, has been recently contemplating its lack of diversity — an overwhelming number are white and/or male in leading companies and startups. I'm happy to see the small, growing, wonderful efforts to address the inequity in various programming circles. But the clj-thamil project has helped me take a step back and think about addressing the segment of programmers who not only lack the privileges of others in an American context, but to address those who do not enjoy such privileges in a global context — their language, their region's wealth, and their personal wealth.
The privileges that we enjoy in the English-speaking world should not enable us to rationalize away these differences and privileges, though. Some people might think that, perhaps, the world would be better off if everyone were to speak one language. But suppose we did. Which language would be that one language? Chinese, because it is spoken in the most populous country? Or English, because it is spoken by more people and in disproportionately wealthy countries (a legacy of unfair colonial conquests)? Esperanto, an artificial language that inherits many aspects from European languages? There is no way to decide which language is universal without establishing more inequity. Also, selecting a universal language would erase cultural and geographic knowledge (and diversity in lifestyles!). And barring these concerns, if there were magically some agreeable universal language, and given a medium that could globally connect the world instantly (ex: the internet), that universal language would still fragment along geographic and socio-economic lines because humans naturally maintain differences to mark these distinctions.
Along the lines of what Bret Victor said in Inventing on Principle, I hope that we can properly enable programming for all the people around the world in the language that they think most easily in, since that would be a form of expression that we are opening up and allowing to flourish.
Elango, wonderful blog post on your efforts in programming in Tamil. I will first congratulate you on the creation of this macro framework, and building a library on top of it as proof of concept.
My efforts have been in Ezhil, http://ezhillang.org and Open-Tamil among other things. The socio-cultural need to open up world of programming to vernacular speakers has continued to haunt technology penetration.
It doesn't look like this approach will capture the doc-string and other metadata for the functions, because that info is attached to the var, not the function itself. With a little more work on the macro, you should be able to move over the metadata as well (see the potemkin library for examples).
Thanks for the info, it looks useful. I'll try to work that in.
Next Next post: Speaking at Clojure/West 2015!


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