text:
BRAF mutants Targeted inhibition of metastatic melanoma
AT2 Receptors
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Receptors
Ca2+ Channels
Calcium (CaV) Channels
Carbonic acid anhydrate
Chk1
CysLT1 Receptors
D2 Receptors
Delta Opioid Receptors
Endothelial Lipase
Epac
ET Receptors
GAL Receptors
Glucagon and Related Receptors
GRP-Preferring Receptors
M4 Receptors
MCH Receptors
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors
Methionine Aminopeptidase-2
Miscellaneous GABA
Multidrug Transporters
Nitric Oxide Precursors
Other Nitric Oxide
Other Peptide Receptors
OX2 Receptors
Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase
Pim Kinase
Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Kinases
Sigma-Related
Sodium/Calcium Exchanger
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors
Synthetase
V2 Receptors
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptors
VR1 Receptors
Supplementary Components1. microtubules and actomyosin-microtubule connections during CG sensing. Furthermore, we
Traditional vaccination against infectious diseases depends on generation of cellular and
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary Information srep30739-s1. dysplastic cells using a very clear cytoplasm
The human brain comprises cells that talk to each other via
Supplementary Materialsoncotarget-06-8914-s001. and the ones tumors with low manifestation of miR-203
2) 190 220 and 150 kDa). CD35 antigen is expressed on erythrocytes ABT-888 ACVRLK4 B -lymphocytes and 10-15% of T -lymphocytes. CD35 is caTagorized as a regulator of complement avtivation. It binds complement components C3b and C4b BCL2L Binimetinib BMS-690514 Casp3 composed of four different allotypes 160 Fn1 FZD4 Gfap GSK1070916 GW842166X HDAC5 IL8RA JNJ-26481585 Lepr mediating phagocytosis by granulocytes and monocytes. Application: Removal and reduction of excessive amounts of complement fixing immune complexes in SLE and other auto-immune disorder. MK 0893 monocytes Mouse monoclonal to CD35.CT11 reacts with CR1 Mouse monoclonal to ERBB3 Mouse monoclonal to Myostatin neutrophils Nrp1 Oaz1 Otamixaban Pazopanib HCl Rabbit Polyclonal to ADCK2. Rabbit Polyclonal to DRD4. Rabbit Polyclonal to UBE1L. Rabbit polyclonal to Wee1 Rabbit polyclonal to YSA1H. Rcan1 RGS5 SLC2A4 STMN1 T cells the receptor for the complement component C3b /C4 TOK-001 UNC-1999 manufacture Vegfa
Background Chlorogenic acid solution (CHL), the most potent functional inhibitor of
By Anna Sanders in Blogging July 31, 2017 0 Comment
Background Chlorogenic acid solution (CHL), the most potent functional inhibitor of the microsomal glucose-6-phosphate translocase (G6PT), is thought to possess cancer chemopreventive properties. of the recombinant G6PT 89-78-1 supplier protein induced U-87 glioma cell migration that was, in turn, antagonized by CHL. MMP-2 secretion was also inhibited by the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-depleting agents 2-deoxyglucose and 5-thioglucose, a mechanism that may inhibit ATP-mediated calcium sequestration by G6PT. Conclusion We illustrate a new G6PT function in glioma cells that could regulate the intracellular signalling and invasive phenotype of brain tumor cells, and that can be targeted by the anticancer properties of CHL. Background The beneficial effects of dietary polyphenols on human health have been widely assumed to act through various biological effects such as free radical scavenging, metal chelation, modulation of enzymatic activity and altering signal transduction pathways [1-3]. Epidemiological studies have also highlighted the association FRP between the consumption of polyphenol-rich food and beverages and the prevention of various human diseases [4,5]. Among these polyphenols, the antitumor activities of flavonoids as well as the inhibition of carcinogenesis by polyphenols has revealed properties beneficial for the use of nutraceuticals in cancer therapy [6-8]. Among the sources of these anticancer polyphenols, modern phytochemical research shows that tea contains a large number of plant secondary metabolites exhibiting different chemical structures such as amino acids, catechins, purine alkaloids, and chlorogenic acid (CHL), and where each group of compounds possesses some unique biological properties [9]. While green tea catechins have now been established as having chemopreventive effects [10,11], the impact of CHL, to which have been attributed possible tumor chemoprevention properties, isn't well realized [12,13]. Oddly enough, CHL inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 secretion, an MMP regarded as involved with tumor cell metastasis and invasion, was lately reported however the anti-cancer intracellular molecular 89-78-1 supplier systems by which CHL results occur are continued to be unexplored [14]. This home, however, results in CHL's antioxydant and anti-inflammatory properties [15,16]. CHL derivatives have already been proven to selectively inhibit endoplasmic reticulum (ER) blood sugar-6-phosphate (G6P) transportation, and therefore microsomal blood sugar-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity both in isolated microsomes [17] and in vivo [18,19]. CHL can be a particular, reversible, competitive inhibitor of G6PT [20], no impact can be got because of it for the intraluminal, G6P-hydrolytic subunit [21]. In undamaged cells, the CHL derivative and G6PT inhibitor S3483 was discovered to inhibit G6P transportation in microsomes isolated from polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and from differentiated promyelocytic HL-60 cells [22]. Oddly enough, the PMN phenotype in glycogen storage space disease (GSD) type 1b, a medical condition where in fact the G6PT proteins or gene can be faulty [22,23], contains diminution in a number of processes such as for example respiratory burst, chemotaxis, calcium mineral and phagocytosis signalling [24-26]. Alterations in a number of biochemical guidelines C blood sugar phosphorylation, calcium mineral mobilization, and hexose uptake and transportation C have already been described as feasible systems by which the G6PT practical defects could be included [27-29]. Since cells such as for example PMN haven't any detectable G6Pase activity, G6PT must are likely involved different from that exerted in the liver, for instance, where it is functionally coupled to the G6Pase enzyme. Moreover, G6PT functions have never been investigated in brain tumor-derived cells. It has been hypothesized that G6PT might function as a G6P receptor/sensor [23] or that it could favor calcium sequestration in the ER lumen [30]. Such roles have not yet been evidenced, neither the alternate potential G6PT-regulated cellular functions 89-78-1 supplier explored. In the present work two topics have been addressed. Does functional inhibition of G6PT regulate any brain tumor-derived cells' tumorigenic properties, such as MMP-mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrolytic activity or cell migration ?.
Background Solitary- and low- copy genes are less likely subject to
Background Solitary- and low- copy genes are less likely subject to concerted evolution, thus making themselves ideal tools for studying the origin and evolution of polyploid taxa. that (1) Leymus is closely related to Psathyrostachys, Agropyron, and Eremopyrum; (2) Psathyrostachys juncea is an ancestral Ns-genome donor of Leymus species; (3) the Xm genome in Leymus may be originated from an ancestral lineage of Agropyron and Eremopyrum triticeum; (4) 305841-29-6 IC50 the Acc1 sequences of Leymus species from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau are evolutionarily distinct; (5) North America Leymus species might originate from colonization via the Bering land bridge; (6) Leymus originated about 11-12MYA in Eurasia, and adaptive radiation might have occurred in Leymus during the period of 3.7-4.3 MYA and 1.7-2.1 MYA. Conclusion Leymus species have allopolyploid origin. It is hypothesized that the adaptive radiation of Leymus species might have been triggered by the recent upliftings of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and subsequent climatic oscillations. Adaptive radiation may have promoted the rapid speciation, as well as the fixation of unique morphological characters in Leymus. Our results shed new light on our understanding of the origin of Xm genome, the polyploidization events and evolutionary history of Leymus that could account for the rich diversity and ecological adaptation of Leymus species. Background Leymus Hochst., a polyploid perennial genus in the wheat tribe (Poaceae: Triticeae), includes about 30 species that distribute in a wide range of ecological habitats over the temperate and subtropical and tropic alpine regions [1-3]. The natural habitats of Leymus species range from coastal to inland areas, including saline or alkaline lands, dry or semi-dry areas, as 305841-29-6 IC50 well as shady and moist forests. Morphologically, Leymus species exhibit large variation with absent (L. akmolinensis) to strong rhizomes (L. racemosus), single (L. ambiguus) to multiple spikelets (L. cinereus) per node, erectly involute (L. paboanus) to loosely flat (L. multicaulis) leaf, and subulate (L. innovatus) to lanceolate (L. arenarius) to absent (L. duthiei) glumes [1,3-5]. The sectional delimitation of Leymus has been proposed by different scholars (See Table S1, Additional File 1). According to morphological characteristics, Tzvelev [4] and L?ve [1] divided Leymus into four sections: sect. Leymus, sect. Anisopyrum, sect. Aphanoneuron, and sect. Malacurus. Barkworth and Atkins [5] suggested that the North American species of Leymus cannot be separated into sect. Anisopyrum and sect. Aphanoneuron and recognized Leymus as sect. Leymus and sect. Anisopyrum. Zhi and Teng [6] divided Chinese Leymus into three sections: sect. Racemosus, sect. Leymus, and sect. Anisopyrum, and suggested that central Asia might be the centre of diversity of the genus. Based on ecological habitats, Yen and Yang [3] defined three ecological sections of Leymus: sect. Arenarius, sect. Pratensus, and sect. Silvicolus. While these studies add to our understanding of subdivision of Leymus, phylogenetic relationships among its species remain unclear. Moreover, little is known about the evolutionary history of Leymus. Cytologically, five ploidy levels were recognized in Leymus species: tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28), hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42), octoploid (2n = 8x = 56), decaploid (2n = 10x = 70) and dodecaploid (2n = 12x = 84) [1,5]. Leymus has its origin through a 305841-29-6 IC50 typical polyploidization process, which might originate from allopolyploidy for ancestral entity and then continuous autopolyploidy for higher polyploids [1,2]. All the Leymus species have two basic genomes, Ns and Xm [7]. Previous studies based on morphology [1], cytogenetics [8], DNA hybridization patterns 305841-29-6 IC50 [9], and DNA sequences (nrITS, trnL-F) [10,11] have revealed that this Ns genome of Leymus was originated from the genus Psathyrostachys. Despite decades of intensive efforts, there are still uncertainties regarding the origin of the Xm genome of Leymus. Based on morphological characteristics, the Xm genome was presumed to be the St genome of Pseudoroegneria [12] or the Eb genome Rabbit polyclonal to RFC4. of Thinopyrum bessarabicum [1]. Cytogenetic analysis suggested that it was the Ee genome of Lophopyrum elongatum [13]. However, cytogenetic and DNA hybridization analysis excluded the Eb and Ee genomes from the Leymus species [8,9,14]. Zhang and Dvorak [9] and B?dvarsdttir and Anamthawat-Jnsson [15] advocated that tetraploid Leymus species were segmental autotetraploids with.
Introduction Cryopyrin-associated regular syndrome is certainly a rare hereditary disorder causing
Introduction Cryopyrin-associated regular syndrome is certainly a rare hereditary disorder causing cold-induced urticaria, serious arthralgias, and (potentially) renal failure and hearing loss. interleukin-1-beta (IL-1). Hats includes three syndromes: the familial frosty autoinflammatory symptoms (FCAS), Muckle-Wells symptoms (MWS), and neonatal starting point multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) (also called the persistent infantile neurologic, cutaneous, articular [CINCA] symptoms). These disorders talk about a genuine variety of phenotypic features and represent a continuum of disease severity; FCAS reaches the milder end, NOMID/CINCA symptoms reaches the more serious end, and MWS can be an intermediate type. Although they are referred to as distinctive disorders, there is certainly some overlap of symptoms included in this. Inflammasome overactivation resulting in overproduction of IL-1 underlies many of these disorders, frequently because of autosomal prominent inheritance of missense mutations in the gene coding for cryopyrin [1]. Case display A 60-year-old Caucasian girl provided to her principal care doctor with problems of chronic allergy and joint aches associated with contact with cold. She explained Dinaciclib episodes of fever and chills associated with an erythematous maculopapular rash (Number ?(Figure1),1), headache, and devastating joint aches and pains precipitated by chilly. These symptoms had been present since child PTPSTEP years and experienced worsened over time. She reported that additional family members experienced experienced similar symptoms, reportedly as far back as five decades. She had seen several physicians for the evaluation of her symptoms, which had been ascribed to a variety of disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus and acquired chilly urticaria. Her symptoms had been treated with steroids and antihistamines, which provided little or no relief. A chilly activation time test was performed and did not create an urticarial wheal. On the basis of her symptoms, family history, and bad response to a chilly time stimulation test, a working analysis of CAPS was made. This led to her enrollment inside a medical trial of Dinaciclib an IL-1 monoclonal antibody, providing near-complete relief from her devastating symptoms. Hereditary testing verified a diagnosis of FCAS later on. Amount 1 Allergy in cryopyrin-associated regular syndrome (Hats). The rash observed in CAPS comes with an urticaria-like appearance. Our affected individual brought this photo with her to her initial appointment around. Discussion The frosty urticaria syndromes certainly are a heterogeneous band of disorders seen as a the introduction of irritation following frosty exposure. Cool urticaria includes a selection of causes and will end up being classified broadly into familial and acquired frosty forms. Obtained frosty urticaria might occur being a principal supplementary or disorder to some other process. Common supplementary causes consist of cryoglobulinemia, infectious illnesses (syphilis, rubeola, varicella, hepatitis, and infectious mononucleosis), or specific drugs (penicillin, dental contraceptives, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) [2]. The annals of response to chilly exposure may give hints to whether a cold-induced urticaria is an acquired chilly urticaria or is due to a familial cause. In contrast to the majority of acquired chilly urticarias, CAPS is definitely characterized by a delayed response to chilly exposure. An early age of onset as well as the presence of fever and symptoms due to complications of CAPS may also help differentiate it from acquired chilly urticarias [2]. A key diagnostic test in the evaluation of cold-induced urticaria is the chilly stimulation time test. In this study, a chilly stimulus, such as an snow cube inside a plastic bag, is applied for five minutes to the patient's pores and skin, which then is definitely allowed to rewarm. The test is considered positive if a coalescent wheal forms. It then can be repeated with shorter instances of frosty stimulation to raised define the amount of awareness. If the check is negative using a five minute program, it could be repeated using a 10-minute program [2,3]. The frosty stimulation time check will not typically type an urticaria wheal in sufferers with Hats as its symptoms, unlike those of obtained frosty urticaria, aren't mediated by histamine discharge. CAPS can be a systemic inflammatory Dinaciclib disorder happening due to autosomal dominating or de novo mutations in the gene NLRP3 (CIAS1). Mutations with this gene result in production of the altered type of the proteins, cryopyrin. Cryopyrin, like a known person in the NALP3 inflammasome, activates caspase-1, which activates IL-1. Dinaciclib These visible adjustments are believed to result in a gain-of-function aftereffect of the NALP3 inflammasome, resulting in overproduction of IL-1 [4]. Inflammasome activation and IL-1 overproduction have already been implicated in the pathogenesis of a genuine amount of illnesses, including type 2 diabetes, gout, and arthritis rheumatoid [5]. A recently available trial of IL-1 blockade in people who have type 2 diabetes demonstrated improvements in glycemic control and pancreatic -cell function [6], and extra studies to raised define the part of IL-1 blockade in the procedure.
To find proof for a connection between heat stress response, oxidative
To find proof for a connection between heat stress response, oxidative stress, and common stress tolerance, we studied the effects of elevated growth temperatures and heat stress on the activity and expression of ascorbate peroxidase (APX). stress, and HSF3-dependent expression in transgenic buy Adenosine plants. Our data suggest that is usually a novel heat shock gene and that the enzymatic activity of APX2/APXS is required to compensate heat stress-dependent decline of APX1 activity in the cytosol. The functional roles of modulations of APX expression and the interdependence of heat stress and oxidative stress response and signaling mechanisms are discussed. There is increasing evidence for considerable interlinking between the responses to heat stress and oxidative stress. Both stresses induce pathways resulting in the expression/accumulation of heat shock proteins (HSP) in plants (Banzet et al., 1998; Dat et al., 1998; Schett et al., 1999; Lee et al., 2000) and, in fruit fly (genes have Rabbit polyclonal to CXCL10. been identified at the DNA sequence level (Nover et al., 2001), at least eight of which are represented by cDNA clones (Sch?ffl and Pr?ndl, 1999). Besides the structural differences and functional implications between different classes, there is no direct evidence for the activities and functions of individual HSF and their function in vivo. It is commonly accepted that this functions of different HSF are mediated through the expression and protective function of target genes, e.g. the genes encoding HSP. Although HSP are important for conferring stress tolerance, they cannot be the sole protective components, which are induced by heat stress. Stress-independent overexpression of HSP in transgenic plants was not sufficient to raise the basal level of thermotolerance by more than 2C to 4C (Lee et al., 1995; Pr?ndl buy Adenosine et al., 1998; D?hr et al., 2001). The known degrees of obtained thermotolerance, reached after a conditioning temperature tension, were significantly higher still. There is certainly proof that in Arabidopsis also, HSF adjustments and actions are regulated through the cell routine (Reindl et al., 1997), which implies that HSF isn't only mixed up in regulation of temperature surprise genes (encoding HSP) but can also be needed under non-stress circumstances. An participation of HSF as playing a crucial buy Adenosine function in the cell protection against temperature and oxidative tension has been confirmed in fungus (Raitt et al., 2000), however, not however in plant life. There is an extremely few reports identifying apart from HSP-encoding genes whose appearance in Arabidopsis is certainly regulated by temperature tension within an HSF-dependent style. One buy Adenosine example is certainly (Storozhenko et al., 1998), linking the antioxidant pathway to temperature stress-induced security of common mobile functions. is certainly a known person in a multigene category of APXs. In Arabidopsis, this grouped family members contains genes for just two cytosolic isoforms, APX2 and APX1, microsomal enzyme APX3, chloroplastic stromal sAPX, and thylakoid-bound tAPX (Kubo et al., 1992; Santos et al., 1996; Jespersen et al., 1997; Zhang et al., 1997), which represent five of seven various kinds of APX suggested for higher plant life from an portrayed series tag data source search (Jespersen et al., 1997). In various plants species, APX activity boosts in response to a genuine amount of strains, including drought, high light intensities, chilling, iron, and sodium tension. On the known degree of gene appearance, cytosolic gene is certainly induced by ozone, sulfur dioxide, extreme light (Kubo et al., 1995; Karpinski et al., 1997), and in addition by temperature tension (Storozhenko et al., 1998). Induction by temperature tension was related to temperature shock element.
Non-enzymatic glycation of protein and peptides by D-glucose provides essential implications
Non-enzymatic glycation of protein and peptides by D-glucose provides essential implications in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, in the introduction of diabetic complications particularly. pursuing periodate oxidation; captured peptides could be released using glycosidase treatment after that, e.g. with PNGase F.16, 17 However, these procedures aren't applicable towards the AC modification, as the binding selectivity of lectins depends on particular conformations of oligosaccharides, and periodate fully oxidizes the extra hydroxyl sets of the AC to carboxylic acids. Additionally, incomplete oxidation from the AC moiety can result in aldehyde development under mild circumstances. The aldehydes may efficiently couple towards the hydrazide resin then; however, no ideal enzymes or chemical substance methods can be found release a the attached peptides for following MS analysis. Thankfully, separation-based assays on the unchanged protein level have already been created for enrichment of glycated protein,13 mainly by phenylboronate affinity chromatography (BAC), which depends on the solid coordination between digestive function of protein, cannot be put on complicated proteome-level glycation analyses because identifications from the glycation sites are ambiguous and structured exclusively on monosaccharide modification-induced mass boosts from the mother or father peptide. Although tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation (CID) continues to be put on glycated peptide sequencing,26 high plethora ions matching to several degrees of natural drinking water reduction dominate the MS/MS spectra and incredibly limited and vulnerable peptide backbone fragmentation is normally observed. While specific patterns of natural loss can hint at the current presence of a glycated peptide,26, 27 details resulting in a confident id of that peptide sequence is definitely lacking. Precursor-ion scanning methods based on the Amadori-derived lysine immonium ion Thiazovivin manufacture at 192.1 were recently used Rabbit Polyclonal to BRS3. to map glycation sites using quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF) MS,28 however, this method has some limitations for large applications in bottom up proteomics, due to the low mass cut off limitation of all commercial 3-D or linear ion capture devices. Lately, electron transfer dissociation (ETD) fragmentation utilizing a improved linear ion-trap originated by Hunt and co-workers.29 This system is analogous to electron capture dissociation (ECD) applied on Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers30 but uses aromatic anions as an electron source. During ETD fragmentation, connection dissociation takes place after electron transfer instantly, providing more comprehensive sequence details while labile adjustments remain unchanged. ETD is normally well-suited for the characterization of peptides filled with PTMs29 especially, 31 and continues to be applied in phosphopeptide analyses successfully;29 abundant peptide backbone c and z type ions were discovered, leading to almost complete sequence coverage in the ETD fragmentation spectra. Lately, we have utilized ETD in analyses of glycated peptides,32 demonstrating that Thiazovivin manufacture ETD is normally more advanced than CID for glycated peptide evaluation; almost complete series coverage was seen in ETD MS/MS spectra, while several natural reduction peaks dominated the CID MS/MS spectra without appreciable series information.32 Within this ongoing function, we survey the first usage of phenylboronate affinity chromatography to enrich glycated protein and peptides from a organic protein sample, accompanied by analysis from the enriched glycated, tryptic peptides Thiazovivin manufacture utilizing data-dependent tandem mass spectrometry with alternating CID and ETD MS/MS. EXPERIMENTAL components and Chemical substances All chemical substances, regular glycosylated proteins, glycated individual serum, ribonuclease A (RNase; type II-A), and blood sugar assay kits had been bought from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) unless usually stated. Micro-BCA protein assay ICON and kits? 9K concentrators had been bought from Pierce (Rockford, IL). Sequencing-grade trypsin was bought from Promega (Madison, WI). A Tricorn? powerful liquid chromatography column (5 mm 100 mm) was bought from GE Health care; Glycogel? II boronate affinity gel (Pierce, Rockford, IL) was something special from Dr. Bart Haigh Thiazovivin manufacture from the Institute for Bioanalytics (Branford, CT), and Affi-gel? 601 boronate affinity gel was bought from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Hercules, CA). nonenzymatic glycation of RNase RNase was glycated with D-glucose under anaerobic circumstances as previously defined.23 Briefly, RNase (13.7 mg, 1 mol) was dissolved in 1 mL of a remedy of blood sugar (0.4 M) in phosphate buffer (0.2 M, pH 7.4) manufactured in 0.2 m filtered deionized drinking water. The answer was after that split into two aliquots and one drop of toluene was put into maintain sterile conditions; anaerobic conditions were managed through the addition of 1 1 mM diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and nitrogen atmosphere. The solutions were then incubated at 37C.
Comparative studies of ethnically diverse human populations, particularly in Africa, are
Comparative studies of ethnically diverse human populations, particularly in Africa, are important for reconstructing human evolutionary history and for understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic adaptation and complex disease. complex gamma-Mangostin manufacture traits, including disease susceptibility. is estimated to be ~15,000 for Africans and ~7500 for non-Africans based on a resequencing analysis of several 10-kb regions (243) (see Supplemental Material). Structural Variant Although most research of hereditary variant in human beings possess centered on microsatellite and nucleotide variety, several recent studies possess demonstrated huge amounts of structural variant (SV) in the human being genome, including both duplicate number variant (that may consist of insertions and deletions aswell as gene duplications) and inversions (17, 37, 191, 211) (http://projects.tcag.ca/variation/). A few of these structural variations are also connected with phenotypic variability (37, 171, 193). For instance, variant in copy amount of the amylase gene, which is important in digestive function gamma-Mangostin manufacture of starch, can be correlated with enzyme activity level and with diet plan in ethnically diverse human being populations (156). Additionally, SVs may play a significant part in susceptibility to common disease (109, 124). A recently available study which used high-resolution paired-end mapping to recognize SVs in the genomes of an individual African (Yoruba from Nigeria) person and a person of Western descent resulted in the recognition of 1175 insertions/deletions (INDELs) and 122 inversions (103). gamma-Mangostin manufacture By extrapolation, these analysts expected 761 and 887 SVs in the entire genomes gamma-Mangostin manufacture of the African and Western people, respectively. Additionally, 45% from the SVs had been distributed between these examples, recommending a huge percentage of SV occasions happened before the divergence of African and non-African populations. The majority of these SVs were less than 10 kb in size, but at least 15% were larger than 100 kb and some SVs were predicted to be several megabases in size in both the European and African sample, indicating that the genomes of healthy individuals may differ by megabases of nucleotide sequence (103). To date, few Lactate dehydrogenase antibody population genetic studies of SVs across ethnically diverse populations have been performed (37). Instead, most studies have focused on the European, Japanese, Chinese, and African (Yoruba) HapMap populations (37). A study of 67 common copy number variants (CNVs) in these populations indicated that 11% of the variation was due to differences among populations and that many of the variants were shared among populations from different regions, further supporting the argument that these variants existed prior to migration of modern humans out of Africa (171). There are currently no studies of SV variability within and between ethnically diverse African populations. Such knowledge will be useful for reconstructing human evolutionary history and for understanding the role of SVs in normal phenotypic diversity and in susceptibility to disease. POPULATION STRUCTURE IN AFRICA Measures of population structure on a global level indicate that only ~10%–16% (Wrights fixation index, = 0.10–0.16) of observed genetic variation is due to differences among populations from Africa, Europe, and Asia (26, 40, 206, 228). Analysis of population structure STRUCTURE using the program, (162,) predicated on 1048 people from the CEPH individual variety -panel genotyped for 993 genome-wide insertion/deletion and microsatellite markers, indicates that folks cluster into five main geographic locations: Africa, European countries/Middle East, East Asia, Oceania, and the brand new Globe (175). Two latest research of >500,000 SNPs genotyped in the CEPH variety -panel support these preliminary results (93, 111). Analyses inside the African populations indicate that extra substructure exists, between hunter-gatherer and agriculturalist populations (93 especially, 111). However, the CEPH variety -panel contains eight African populations simply, four which are agricultural Bantu-speakers more likely to talk about latest common ancestry (Body 1). Thus, outcomes from these scholarly research might not reflect the entire level of inhabitants framework within Africa. Several research of nucleotide and haplotype variant have got indicated that ancestral African populations were geographically structured prior to the migration of modern humans out of Africa (72, 73, 82, 158, 200, 241). Additionally, a recent study of 800 short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STRPs) and 400 /INDELs genotyped in more than 3000 geographically and ethnically diverse Africans indicates the presence of at least 13 genetically distinct ancestral populations in Africa and high levels of populace admixture in many regions (F.A. Reed and S.A Tishkoff unpublished data). Populace clusters are correlated with self-described ethnicity and shared cultural gamma-Mangostin manufacture and/or linguistic properties (e.g., Pygmies, Khoisan-speaking hunter-gatherers, Bantu speakers, Cushitic speakers). This study reveals extensive admixture between inferred ancestral populations in most African populations. One exception is usually among West African Niger-Kordofanian (i.e., Bantu) speakers who are more genetically homogeneous compared with other African populations, likely reflecting the recent and rapid spread of Bantu speakers from a common origin in Cameroon/Nigeria (although fine-scale genetic structure can be detected amongst these populations). Thus, the pattern of genetic diversity in Africa indicates.
A solid process for medical diagnosis could have a considerable effect
A solid process for medical diagnosis could have a considerable effect on the effective treatment of pancreatic cancers, that mortality 's almost identical to occurrence currently. chronic or cancer pancreatitis; particular AUC beliefs of 0.973 1515856-92-4 IC50 and 0.950 were obtained. Confirmative and partially a lot more discriminative medical diagnosis could possibly be performed on tissues examples with AUC beliefs of just one 1.0 and 0.937, respectively. Furthermore, discrimination between cancers and chronic pancreatitis was attained (AUC?=?0.875). Also, many miRNAs had been recognized that exhibited large quantity variations in both cells and blood samples. The results could have an immediate diagnostic value for the evaluation of tumor reoccurrence in individuals, who have undergone curative medical resection, and for people with a familial risk of pancreatic malignancy. Introduction Pancreatic malignancy is one of the most aggressive and malignant tumor entities having a five-year survival rate of less than 5% [1]. Most individuals pass away within a 1515856-92-4 IC50 12 months of analysis. The poor prognosis is definitely caused by the lack of both appropriate markers for early analysis and effective treatment options for the late phases that are as a result seen in clinics. Since mortality is nearly identical with incidence, pancreatic cancers is the 4th to 5th most common reason behind cancer-related fatalities in industrialized countries. Comprehensive studies have already been performed to be able to recognize biomarkers for the condition. Some have already been or are getting examined presently, such as for example CEACAM-1, MIC-1, CA19-9 and PAM4; the final is the just blood-borne biomarker in regimen clinical make use of for administration of pancreatic cancers. At the amount of messenger RNA (mRNA), a number of, including some extremely specific molecular variants have been within tissues [2]. Nevertheless, none of the markers has proved useful in facilitating medical diagnosis [3], largely because of the true problems in obtaining biopsy materials and the problem that the functionality of biopsies is normally incorrect without prior sign of disease. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) possess gained attention as it can be Mouse monoclonal to SORL1 biomarkers. They participate in the combined band of small non-coding RNAs and also have essential functions in a variety of biological processes [4]. Furthermore, the substances are stable compared to mRNA, which is normally of significant importance for the robustness of diagnostic assays. About 1000 miRNAs are thought to take place in humans and so are considered to type a distinct level of legislation of mobile function. Many miRNAs were discovered to be connected with tumor-relevant procedures [5]. Comparable to mRNA profiling, miRNA signatures exhibited distinct appearance variants in pancreatic tumor examples, chronic pancreatitis tissues and regular pancreas [6], [7]. Appearance abnormalities in pancreatic acinar and endocrine tumors were connected with distinctive pathologic 1515856-92-4 IC50 features and clinical behavior [8]. Also, a romantic relationship from the expression of particular success and miRNA of sufferers with pancreatic adenocarcinoma was reported [9]. The transcripts miR-21, miR-155, miR-203, miR-222 and miR-210 had been referred to as potential predictors of success [10], [11]. However, the tissue-based miRNA research also suffer from the fact that invasive action is required to acquire material for analysis, and as such, tissue-based miRNA profiling does not present significant progress compared to messenger RNA profiling but for the superior stability of miRNA. Markers that happen in peripheral blood or additional body fluids would be best for detection. For numerous tumor entities, extracellular nucleic acids have been found in serum, for example [12]. In part, they have their source in circulating tumor cells. Moreover, the actual tumor cells themselves could be isolated from blood and used as a means for analysis and prognosis [13]. Recently, accumulating data have become available which indicate that a analysis of different forms of disease, including cancers, may be possible by analyzing the miRNA levels in serum (e.g., [14], [15]). For pancreatic malignancy, an analysis of the variations in plasma of four miRNAs has been reported [16]. Inside a different approach slightly, we examined variants from the miRNA amounts in bloodstream cells. Within a multicenter research [17], merging 454 examples, we were lately in a position to discriminate between 13 disease circumstances and healthful control people. In extension to the, we analyzed right here the real power of miRNA signatures in bloodstream cells for medical diagnosis and compared these to signatures extracted from pancreatic tissues samples. Both tissues and bloodstream examples had been extracted from sufferers with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, chronic pancreatitis or from healthful individuals. From the total results, accurate molecular classifiers could possibly be described highly. In addition, the variations seen in tissue and blood vessels were compared to be able to identify possible functional connections between them. The bloodstream analysis permitted differentiation of healthful and diseased pancreas but didn't yield sufficient info to split up pancreatic swelling from tumor. The cells analysis, however, demonstrated differences between tumor and inflammation. In combination, this technique may enable a differential and minimally invasive initially.
Extracting grouping structure or identifying homogenous subgroups of predictors in regression
Extracting grouping structure or identifying homogenous subgroups of predictors in regression is crucial for high-dimensional data analysis. convex programming for efficient computation. Finally, the proposed method not only achieves high performance as suggested by numerical analysis, but also has the desired optimality with regard to grouping prediction and pursuit as showed by our theoretical results. but small depends on a vector of predictors: (is a vector of regression coefficients, {is independent of within each group {as well as all corresponding subgroups of homogenous predictors.|is independent of within each group well as all corresponding subgroups of homogenous predictors as. Grouping pursuit seeks variance reduction of estimation while retaining roughly the same amount of bias, which is advantageous in high-dimensional analysis. First, it collapses predictors whose sample covariances between the residual and predictors are of similar values, for best predicting outcomes of removing redundancy, whereas the latter removes redundancy by encouraging grouped predictors stay together in selection; see Yuan and Lin (2006), buy SB1317 (TG-02) and Zhao, Rocha and Yu (2009). Our primary objective is achieving high accuracy in both grouping and prediction through a computationally efficient method, which seems to be difficult, if not impossible, with existing methods, especially those through enumeration. To achieve our objective, we employ the regularized least squares method with a piecewise linear nonconvex penalty. The penalty to be introduced in (2) involves one thresholding parameter determining which pairs to be shrunk towards a common group, which works jointly with one regularization parameter for shrinkage towards unknown location. These two tuning parameters combine thresholding with shrinkage for achieving adaptive grouping, which is otherwise not possible with shrinkage alone. The penalty is overcomplete in that the number of individual penalty terms in the penalty may be redundant with regard to certain grouping structures, and is continuous but with three nondifferentiable points, leading to significant computational advantage, in addition to the desired optimality for grouping pursuit (Theorems 3 and Corollary 1). Computationally, the proposed penalty imposes great challenges in two aspects: (a) potential discontinuities and (b) overcompleteness of the penalty, where an effective treatment does Bmp15 not seem to exist in the literature; see Friedman et al. (2007) about computational challenges for a pathwise buy SB1317 (TG-02) coordinate method in buy SB1317 (TG-02) this type of situation. To meet the challenges, we design a novel homotopy algorithm to compute the regularization solution surface. The algorithm uses a novel concept of grouped subdifferentials to deal with overcompleteness for tracking the process of grouping, and difference convex (DC) programming to treat discontinuities due to nonconvex minimization. This, together with a model selection routine for estimators that can be discontinuous, permits adaptive grouping pursuit. Theoretically, we derive a finite-sample probability error bound of our DC estimator, what we call DCE, computed from the homotopy algorithm for grouping pursuit. On this basis, we prove that DCE is consistent with regard to grouping pursuit as well as reconstructing the unbiased least squares estimate under the true grouping, roughly for nearly exponentially many predictors in as long as be denotes a vector of 1's with length as well as = 1, , ? : 1 < ? = 0, and are grouped. By transitivity, that is, ? 1)/2 comparisons. Naturally, these comparisons can be conducted through penalized least squares with penalty |? ? = 0, 2 enable us to achieve computational advantage, as well as to realize sharp statistical properties. First, the piecewise linearity and the two locally concave points of and be a local minimizer of for at is any vector ?satisfying is the set of all such be a local minimizer of (2) and (1, , is the number of distinct groups. The subgradient of |? at = is given by = Sign(? ? is a singleton everywhere except at ? = 0. To proceed, write as if = = 1, , to {: = 1, ,.
The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is involved in
The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is involved in the molecular mechanisms of inflammation and apoptosis, processes that donate to ischemic brain injury. chiasm as well as the infarcted cortex was dissected using the corpus callosum being a ventral landmark. The homotopic region from the contralateral cortex was sampled also. Total RNA was extracted, as well as the integrity from the RNA was motivated on denaturing formaldehyde gels. IRF-1 and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) mRNA had been detected by change transcription PCR as referred 163222-33-1 to at length previously (37, 38). The primer and probe sequences for IRF-1 and HPRT have Rabbit Polyclonal to DUSP22. already been released previously (37C39). Routine amounts for HPRT and IRF-1 had been 29 and 23, respectively. The IRF-1 primers amplify a 148-bp fragment from cDNA. After agarose gel electrophoresis, amplified items had been used in Hybond N+ membranes (check for independent examples. Neurological scores had been analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis evaluation of variance accompanied by the Tukey-Kramer check (Systat) (20). For all those procedures, probability values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Postischemic IRF-1 mRNA Expression in C57BL/6 and IRF-1 Mice. We first sought to determine if focal cerebral ischemia enhances IRF-1 mRNA expression. In C57BL/6 mice, MCA occlusion was associated with pronounced upregulation of IRF-1 mRNA in the postischemic brain (Fig. ?(Fig.1).1). IRF-1 mRNA expression was increased by 12 h and remained elevated 1C7 d after MCA occlusion (< 0.05 from sham-operated mice; analysis of variance and Tukey's test). IRF-1 mRNA expression did not increase in the contralateral (nonischemic) cortex (> 0.05) (Fig. ?(Fig.1).1). IRF-1 mRNA expression was reduced in IRF-1+/? mice and absent in IRF-1?/? mice (Fig. ?(Fig.2).2). Physique 1 (A) Time course of IRF-1 mRNA expression in mouse cerebral cortex after MCA occlusion. Levels of IRF-1 mRNA were determined by reverse transcription PCR in samples of cerebral cortex ipsilateral () or contralateral to the occluded MCA (= … Physique 2 IRF-1 mRNA expression in cerebral cortex of C57BL/6, IRF-1+/? and IRF-1?/? mice 4 d after MCA occlusion. Levels of IRF-1 mRNA were decided as described in the legend to Fig. ?Fig.1.1. (A) Representative … Volume of Ischemic Injury in C57BL/6 and IRF-1 Mice. In these experiments we used mice with a null mutation of IRF-1 to determine whether IRF-1 contributes to cerebral ischemic injury. In C57BL/6 mice (= 6), MCA occlusion produced reproducible infarcts involving mainly the cerebral cortex (Figs. ?(Figs.33 and ?and4).4). Size and regional distribution of the infarct were comparable to those previously reported in mice from this and other laboratories (20, 41). The volume of the infarct in IRF-1+/+ mice did not differ from that of C57BL/6 mice (> 0.05; Fig. ?Fig.44 A). Infarct volumes in IRF-1 knockout mice were smaller than those observed in C57BL/6 mice (Figs. ?(Figs.33 and ?and4).4). The reduction was less pronounced in IRF-1+/? (23 3%; < 0.05; = 5), than in IRF-1?/? mice (46 9%; < 0.05; = 6), and involved the infarct border throughout the entire rostrocaudal extent of the ischemic lesion (Figs. ?(Figs.33 and ?and4).4). The volume of postischemic brain swelling 163222-33-1 did not differ between 163222-33-1 C57BL/6 (6.6 0.6 mm3) and IRF-1+/? mice (5.7 0.8; > 0.05), but was significantly reduced in IRF-1?/? mice (3.5 0.8; < 0.05). Physique 3 Distribution of the cerebral infarct produced by MCA occlusion in C57BL/6 mice and in IRF-1+/? and IRF-1?/? mice 4 d after MCA occlusion. 163222-33-1 Thionin-stained representative sections at three different rostrocaudal ... Physique 4 Infarct quantity in IRF-1 163222-33-1 and C57BL/6 mice 4 d after MCA occlusion. (A) Total infarct quantity and infarct quantity in neocortex and striatum are shown. Neocortex (E.C.) indicates neocortical infarct quantity corrected for bloating (see Components and Methods ….
Background The muscle glycogen synthase gene (can predict cardiovascular (CV) mortality
Background The muscle glycogen synthase gene (can predict cardiovascular (CV) mortality within a high-risk population, if this risk is influenced by gender or physical activity, and if the association is independent of genetic variation in nearby apolipoprotein E gene ((XbaIC>T) and (-219G>T, 2/3/4) were genotyped in 4,654 subject matter participating in the Botnia T2D-family study and followed for any median of eight years. CV mortality risk in females (2.9 [1.9C4.4]). Additional self-employed predictors of CV mortality in females were fasting plasma glucose (1.2 [1.1C1.2]), high body mass index (BMI) (1.0 [1.0C1.1]), hypertension (1.9 [1.2C3.1]), earlier CV events (1.9 [1.3C2.8]) and physical inactivity (1.9 [1.2C2.8]). Conclusions/Significance Polymorphisms in and forecast CV mortality in T2D family members inside a gender-specific fashion and independently of every other. Physical activity appears to unmask the result from the polymorphism, making carriers from the variant allele much less vunerable to the defensive effect of workout on the chance of CV loss of life, which finding could possibly be appropriate for a previous demo of defective upsurge in the glycogen synthase proteins in carriers of the polymorphism. Launch Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD), including cardiovascular system disease (CHD) and heart stroke, may be the leading reason behind death and disability in the Western world [1] and is thought to result from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Such risk factors are age, male gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia [2] and physical inactivity. The genetic constitution of an individual usually determines how the individual responds to these risk factors. Therefore, it is necessary not only to identify which genetic variants increase susceptibility to the disease but also which environmental risk factors act in concert with these genes. In addition, the cellular environment in males and woman can be very different given known variations in hormonal milieu and gene manifestation [3]. Therefore, it is sensible to consider the possibility that gender specific gene-environment relationships could improve the penetrance and manifestation of the trait. Muscle mass glycogen synthase is the important enzyme in the synthesis of glycogen buy maslinic acid in buy maslinic acid skeletal muscle mass. A polymorphism (XbaI) in intron 14 of the glycogen synthase gene (is located on chromosome 19q13.3, a region that has in several linkage studies been linked to MetS and T2D associated phenotypes [12]C[17]. Further, the locus was in the HERITAGE family study linked to glucose performance in response to endurance exercise [18]. is definitely separated only by 4.1 million base pairs from your gene coding for apolipoprotein E (promoter offers been shown to decrease transcriptional activity of [24] and has been reported to associate with severity of coronary artery disease [25] and improved risk for myocardial infarction [26]. Given the considerations above, we set out to test 1) whether the polymorphism is definitely associated with CV mortality in individuals from a large T2D family study from Finland, the Botnia Study. In particular we were interested in putative SFN gender variations as the polymorphism offers earlier been associated with myocardial infarction only in males, 2) whether physical exercise would act as an environmental element interacting with the effect associated with the polymorphism as this has earlier been shown to be associated with defect buy maslinic acid in activation of glycogen synthase protein levels after muscle mass activation, and 3) to test if our results with the polymorphism are independent of the adjacent and for the APOE isoforms encoded by amino acid substitutions at residues 112 (rs429358) and 158 (rs7412), for the C219G>T promoter polymorphism (rs405509). The XbaI polymorphism in was genotyped using buy maslinic acid solitary base pair extension on Abdominal3100 (Applied Biosystems) and the polymorphisms were genotyped using allelic discrimination on Abdominal7900 in the SWEGENE DNA genotyping Laboratory. Before any analyses were performed, the expected risk-genotypes for and were defined as CT or TT (XbaI), 34 or 44 (codon 112 and 158 polymorphisms) and TT (C219 polymorphism), respectively. Risk-alleles were defined relating to earlier T2D and MetS association study results for XbaI [4], [7], [8] and reports on and risk of coronary disease [22], [25], [26]. To assure high quality of the produced genotypes, a random sample of 17.8% of all XbaI genotypes were repeated using PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism and the concordance rate was.


text:
2 Robotics Industry ETFs Tapping into Expanding AI and Automation
May 29, 2018 ETF / Growth Stocks - By Tony Daltorio Investors Alley
The two ETFs I like are the Global X Funds Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF (Nasdaq: BOTZ) and the ROBO Global Robotics & Automation Index ETF (Nasdaq: ROBO). I am very positive on both of these ETFs and have previously recommended them to investors.
As you might surmise, there are a lot of similarities between the two funds as they both focus on what we might generally call robotics and automation.
But there are subtle differences. ROBO is older with an inception date of 10-22-2013, while BOTZ came to market on 09-12-2016. BOTZ is more liquid than ROBO with 88.9 million shares outstanding and an average trading volume of about two million shares a day. That compares with ROBO's 53 million shares outstanding and average daily trading volume in the range of 700,000 shares.
BOTZ does have an edge when it comes to expenses with a lower expense ratio than ROBO – 0.68% versus 0.95% – which factors into the long-term performance of any fund or ETF.
Portfolio Differences
Most important, of course, when comparing the two ETFs is the difference in their portfolios. And here BOTZ has a more concentrated portfolio with only 29 stocks versus the 93 stocks in the ROBO portfolio. That will likely make it somewhat more volatile and risky.
Related: Buy This Robotics Stock Before the Machines Take Over
If you look at the geographic exposure of the two funds – with my preference for exposure to the leaders in the industry, which are Japanese – here BOTZ has the upper hand with about 50% of the fund in Japanese stocks versus only 28% for ROBO.
However, when it comes down to the actual stocks in the portfolios, both are outstanding. That's why I'm adding both to our own portfolio. Here are the top 10 positions for each ETF:
Top 10 Positions for the Global X Robotics & Artificial Intelligence ETF
Yaskawa Electric (Japan)
Fanuc Corporation (Japan)
Keyence Corporation (Japan)
Mitsubishi Electric (Japan)
ABB Ltd. (Europe)
SMC Corporation (Japan)
Daifuku Company Ltd. (Japan)
Omron Corporation (Japan)
Top 10 Positions for the ROBO Global Robotics & Automation Index ETF
IPG Photonics
Nabtesco Corporation (Japan)
Hiwin Technologies (Taiwan)
Mazor Robotics
Oceaneering International
Over the past year, BOTZ returned 27% while ROBO gained 21%, both easily outperforming the S&P 500 index. As you can see they were both on a tear and shot up too fast right before the February correction. They've since dropped back down in what one might call consolidation. With the bright future I see for the robotics industry, I expect the outperformance to start again and to continue for many years.
3 Tech Stocks That Could Go to 2,524%!
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Buffett just went all-in on THIS new asset. Will you?
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It's not gold, crypto or any mainstream investment. But these mega-billionaires have bet the farm it's about to be the most valuable asset on Earth. Wall Street and the financial media have no clue what's about to happen...And if you act fast, you could earn as much as 2,524% before the year is up.
Click here to find out what it is.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The fourth way to defend against the new Intoxilyzer 8000 in Dayton, Ohio is time. The prosecutor is having difficulty bringing Ohio Department of Health (ODH) representatives to court.
The reps are needed because the machines belong to the ODH. They also calibrate and maintain the machines.
They are needed to testify about placing the machine in service, checking the calibration, and maintain the test results and repair records for three years.
The old machines were owned by the police departments and had senior officers that kept the records and did the calibration checks onsite. It was never a problem to get these officers in court with the records.
The new model is defective because the tests are now being challenged in every county in Ohio. With over 400 machines in service, and over 23,000 DUI / OVI arrest in Ohio by the Ohio State Highway Patrol in 2011 alone, that makes for a lot of testifying.
There about 10 people that testify about the calibration of the machines, but the ODH only has one program administrator, Mary Martin. She has been subpoenaed to every court in Ohio and her job appears to be to travel all over Ohio to testify about records retention online.
Lately this was working because they ODH would disclose her schedule and her appearance could be predicted with some certainty. One representative from the ODH told my office that they will no longer give out her schedule or plan to be in certain courts on certain days.
She will have to be subpoenaed and they will send her where she needs to go based on the order in which the subpoenas come in. This is a scheduling nightmare and gives rise to the remedy of dismissal of the case or at the very least the breath test for a violation of due process, speedy trial, and statutory time limits allowed the prosecutor by law.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The average ALS patient will live between two to five years from their diagnosis. Through your tax-deductible ALS donation, the researchers at the Packard Center are working to improve the quality of patients' lives and striving toward a cure.
Research into ALS, a disease where subtle things go awry at the gene or cell level, requires a great deal in the way of sophisticated technology and unusually skilled scientists. Donations through your ALS fundraising efforts, events, ALS memorial gifts and planned giving are essential to supporting accelerated ALS research being undertaken in labs all around the world. ALS research is extremely costly and government and corporate support of ALS is limited. Your generosity helps bring us closer to a cure.
Donate By clicking this link, you will leave the Robert Packard site and be taken to our donate page on the secure Hopkins site.
Making a gift to the Robert Packard Center ensures that our research will continue. AS we are based solely on philantropic donations, your gift is vital to our success. Donations can be made online or via direct mail.
For donation-related questions, please contact Iris Wang at 443-287-0590 or via email.


We were honored to serve the custom catering menu for North County Health Services Presidents Circle gathering at the home of Rich Talmo and Linda Strand! many guests were attended this event and it was a huge success!
Have you seen the new signs at Old Cal Coffee?
We have brand new FREE stickers to give away from Old Cal Coffee. I'm a better friend when i have coffee is our motto and it's on our free sticker. just arrive at Old Cal Coffee in San Marcos and ask for your very own copy!


"Decentralized local institutions and livelihood development of riverin" by Serey Sok, Xiaojiang Yu et al.
© 2014, Taylor & Francis.The decentralization reforms in the 1990s have transferred accountability/responsibilities for community development to the elected local governments in Cambodia. This paper examines the roles and contributions of local institutions to livelihood development under decentralization and deconcentration (D&D) programme of three riverine communities in the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB), Cambodia. In this study, we take a close look at public and social services; funding gaps of Commune Councils (CoCs); types of available support; and problems faced by the CoCs. The findings of the study reveal that CoCs are weakly established and become less accountable to local needs. D&D was aid mobilization from external institutions; and the decentralized CoCs could not improve the livelihoods of the communities significantly. The findings suggest that decentralized local institutions call for increased human and financial resources, improved decision-making, and integrative participation of the private sector.


Sarang Thombre is a senior research scientist at the Department of Navigation and Positioning of the Finnish Geodetic Institute.
He received his Doctoral degree from Tampere University of Technology, Finland, for his research on innovations in multi-GNSS receiver testing, his B.Sc. degree (with Distinction) in electronics and telecommunications engineering (E&TC) from University of Pune (UoP), India and his M.Sc. degree (with Distinction) from Tampere University of Technology (TUT), Finland in radio frequency electronics.
Thombre has been awarded research funding from Nokia Foundation and Ulla Tuominen Foundation. He is currently a member of the board of the Nordic Institute of Navigation.
His research interests include multi-GNSS receiver implementation to study interoperability with emerging satellite navigation systems under various operating scenarios.


Help with Teaching Assistant Level 3.
If you have a question on your level 3 course please comment with your questions I would love to help you the best I can.
The Level 3 Supporting Teaching and Learning within Schools is at A level. This course not only looks at how the TA works in the classroom but also the knowledge behind teaching and school structures.
It asks for the candidate to demonstrate their ability to lead a lesson which has been planned by a teacher and deliver it at a good standard and manage the student's behaviour to keep them safe in a safe environment.
This course has an element of cover supervisor units as well embedded within the course which opens up doors to become a cover supervisor as well as to begin the journey as an HLTA.
Read more about HLTA in my blog now.
Author EducationMattersinfoPosted on Oct 6, 2018 Mar 10, 2019 Categories educationLeave a comment on Help with Teaching Assistant Level 3.
How to reduce assessment time ?
Many teachers spend hours writing evaluating, recording and tracking assessment and evidence there is often to to help learners progress individually or for you to give them back worth while feedback.
Here are some top tips that help me out.
1. Get in the habit of as soon as you get an assessment to do … do it then and there don't store it for later do it straight away. This will help you as it's in you will remember it and the assessment is fresh in your mind.
When you leave things you can easily forget what you were doing heading to the assessment turning into a memory recall game increasing the risk of forgetting information and key parts where students need to learn.
One of the biggest challenges is to set time to do work and time to relex. However, remember that you need some time to think and plan your assessments PPA time should be using for this. Aways try and think to yourself what can you do to at home and what can you do at school. If you can do it all at school do it straight away.
You got some more email me I'll add them up.
Author EducationMattersinfoPosted on Sep 21, 2018 Sep 21, 2018 Categories educationLeave a comment on How to reduce assessment time ?
Author EducationMattersinfoPosted on Sep 21, 2018 Categories UncategorizedLeave a comment on AET Education and Training Level 3 former PTLLS.
What is the Art awards?
The Art awards are regulated qualifications that can be obtained in recognition of the hard work of students getting involved and creating art, dance, drama, taking photos making movies, supporting with stage lighting or anything that involves creativity.
I am a trained art awards advisers and if you would like to take part and gain a qualification then please do get in touch I can guild you through the process and everything that is needed to do this.
Explore – A non-accredited qualification what allows students to start to develop their skills.
Discover – A starting course set at an enrty level below GCSE level to again give students a start at requireing these skills.
Silver – A Level 2 course set at GCSE level this course gets students thinking and trying new and excted art forms that that is not in there main interest, to give them a chance to try out new things.
Gold – At Level 3 this course gets students in the roles to fully get involed and lead projects along with trying out new art forms.
If you are interested in taking these courses at a low cost then please get in touch by filling in the applacation below.
Author EducationMattersinfoPosted on Jul 1, 2018 Jul 1, 2018 Categories education, information, teaching and learningTags administration, education, family partnership, relationships, trainingLeave a comment on Family Partnership Team/Officer.
Usually, a teaching assistant (TA) is a trained person who is the qualified person with responsibilities of ensuring students and safe and support them with their learning.
At level 2 you will be a classroom teaching assistant with no additional responsibilities you will oversee the whole class and work with everyone. You may prepared resources for work, make display boards, support in trips and keep the classroom safe and clean.
You will have to respond to the needs of the children with or without SEN, (Speical Educational Needs) Teaching Assistants at Level 2 will work under the guidance of a classroom teacher in ensuring that the lesson runs safely and smoothly. They are an extra pair of hands and eye. They would have a line manager who would be an HLTA. Higher Level Teaching Assistant.
Some teaching assistants even contribute to the development of the teacher's lesson plans. To give the students support in areas that the TA has I identify. At level 2 this might be providing feedback to the class teacher. At a higher level such as HLTA this might be to make and make a lesson. Read more about HLTA.
After, level 2 TA you might want to become a Level 3 TA or become an HLTA.


HI My blog readers, hopefully all of you will enjoy and get happiness by reading my blog.
Now, I would like to share some interesting articles recently created by my friends at INSIDR.co. We've started collaborating recently, as our goals are aligned.
Indeed, we both aim at providing and sharing the best useful information possible on travel experiences. I'll be sharing occasionally these introductory notes about some of the content I found interesting on the INSIDR website.
Please do not hesitate to share, or comment on content that you'd like to see covered. Anyway, let's get started!
It's easy to get lost in all the information provided about Paris. Here are a few favorite useful tips for travelers (and even for locals!).
I recommend to read INSIDR's notes on where to buy typically French and Made in France gifts, gluten-free eating in Paris, beauty, skincare, and cosmetics products shopping, bakery recommendations to eat croissant, delicious street food recommendation, best tips for river and canal cruises, a top selection of parisian coffee shops, the Parisian bridges not to miss, and top advice for wine tasting in Paris.
It may sound boring but what follows is important when preparing a trip to Europe. For example, down to earth tips about public transport in Paris are worth reading.
You'll also want to know how to purchase a Navigo Pass, or how to get to Paris from the airport (Orly / CDG). The list of common scams to avoid is also a must read if you want to avoid trouble.
If you haven't looked into it, VAT tax refund is also a must if you are thinking of doing some shopping (flea markets, vintage shopping, christmas markets, outdoor food markets, pharmacy shopping, lingerie shopping, department store including Galeries Lafayette, and luxury shopping).
Beaches as well as the Mont Saint Michel area in the South. Those are world heritage areas that cannot be missed. They are actually worth visiting many times, considering how rich the history is there.While you are touring the area, don't forget to hit some of those quaint and beautiful towns: Dinan, Cancale, Bayeux, Etretat, Honfleur, Deauville, Saint Malo.
And as you leave Paris, be sure to stop at Giverny to marvel at Monet's house and garden. If you can afford it, Normandy is worth at least 2 or 3 days. Here are some recommendations of where to stay and how to travel around in the Normandy region as well.
INSIDR recently released their new detailed recommendations and tips on Venice, the gem of Northern Italy. You'll find some detailed information on several famous sights, including Piazza San Marco, Grand Canal, or Lido.
The basics are covered as well, with what to eat, where to stay, and what to do while visiting beautiful Venice. Detailed transportation info (including canal navigation!) is also included.
It is recommended to dedicate at least 2 days or 3 to really experience Venice. And don't forget to save some time to visit the region beyond Venice. Finally, they've summarized their favorite spots for gelato, as well as the best cocktail & speakeasy bars!
If you haven't been to London – go! If you have been already – go back!! London is such a special city. The areas of Westminster, Camden, Shoreditch, Notting Hill, South Bank, London Bridge, Covent Garden, Soho, Greenwich, and Kings Cross Saint Pancras are must see!
London may not be famous for its cuisine, but there's actually a decent foodie scene! It's worth looking into where to stay and what to do in order to make the most of a British experience.
Public transport is very convenient, but worth looking into as well, especially to and from the airports.
Finally, you have to dedicate some time to the beautiful areas nearby, even though it is recommended to spend at least 2 or 3 days in London. It is however doable as well as a day trip from Paris.
Pengen banget mengunjuni Paris, London, Venice. Kota-kota dengan pesona dan keunikan tersendiri. Berdo'a semoga punya rejeki berlebih biar bisa ke sana.


These creatures operate on instinct, driven by simple needs such as food and reproduction. Except where noted, vermin attack only when hungry or threatened.
Vermin Traits: Vermin possess the following traits (unless otherwise noted in a creature's entry).
—Mindless: No Intelligence score, and immunity to all mind-affecting effects (charms, compulsions, phantasms, patterns, and morale effects).
—Alignment: Always neutral. Vermin are not governed by a human sense of morality.
—Treasure: Vermin generally possess no treasure. For those that do, this treasure consists of possessions formerly owned by a creature that the monster has killed.
Space/Reach: 5 ft./5 ft. 5 ft./5 ft. 10 ft./5 ft.
Giant ants are among the hardiest and most adaptable vermin. Soldiers and workers are about 6 feet long, while queens can grow to a length of 9 feet.
Acid Sting (Ex): A giant soldier ant has a stinger and an acid-producing gland in its abdomen. If it successfully grabs an opponent, it can attempt to sting each round (+3 attack bonus). A hit with the sting attack deals 1d4+1 points of piercing damage and 1d4 points of acid damage.
Improved Grab (Ex): To use this ability, a giant ant must hit with its bite attack. A giant soldier ant that wins the ensuing grapple check establishes a hold and can sting.
Skills: *Giant ants have a +4 racial bonus on Survival checks when tracking by scent and a +8 racial bonus on Climb checks. A giant ant can always choose to take 10 on Climb checks, even if rushed or threatened.
These creatures feed primarily on carrion and offal, gathering heaps of the stuff in which to build nests and lay eggs. A giant bombardier beetle is about 6 feet long. Giant bombardier beetles normally attack only to defend themselves, their nests, or their eggs.
Acid Spray (Ex): When attacked or disturbed, the creature can release a 10-foot cone of acidic vapor once per round. Those within the cone must succeed on a DC 13 Fortitude save or take 1d4+2 points of acid damage. The save DC is Constitution-based.
These luminous nocturnal insects are prized by miners and adventurers. They have two glands, one above each eye, that produce a red glow. The glands' luminosity persists for 1d6 days after removal from the beetle, illuminating a roughly circular area with a 10-foot radius. Giant fire beetles are about 2 feet long.
These creatures are serious pests that greedily devour cultivated crops. A single beetle can strip an entire farm in short order. An adult giant stag beetle is about 10 feet long.
Trample (Ex): Reflex half DC 19. The save DC is Strength-based.
Space/Reach: 10 ft (4 squares)./5 ft.
This patient carnivore remains completely still as it waits for prey to come near.
Improved Grab (Ex): To use this ability, a giant praying mantis must hit with its claws attack. If it wins the ensuing grapple check, it establishes a hold and makes a bite attack as a primary attack (at its full +6 attack bonus).
Skills: A giant praying mantis has a +4 racial bonus on Hide and Spot checks. *Because of its camouflage, the Hide bonus increases to +12 when a mantis is surrounded by foliage.
Speed: 20 ft. (4 squares), climb 20 ft. 30 ft. (6 squares), climb 30 ft. 40 ft. (8 squares), climb 40 ft.
Space/Reach: 2-1/2 ft./0 ft. 5 ft./5 ft. 5 ft./5 ft.
Speed: 40 ft. (8 squares), climb 40 ft. 40 ft. (8 squares), climb 40 ft.
Space/Reach: 10 ft./5 ft. 15 ft./10 ft.
Space/Reach: 20 ft./15 ft. 30 ft./20 ft.
Monstrous centipedes tend to attack anything that resembles food, biting with their jaws and injecting their poison.
Poison (Ex): A monstrous centipede has a poisonous bite. The details vary by the centipede's size, as shown on the table above. The save DCs are Constitution-based. The indicated damage is both initial and secondary damage.
Skills: Monstrous centipedes have a +4 racial bonus on Spot checks, and a +8 racial bonus on Climb and Hide checks. They can use either their Strength or Dexterity modifier for Climb checks, whichever is higher. Monstrous scorpions can take 10 on Climb checks, even if threatened or distracted.
Space/Reach: 20 ft./15 ft. 40 ft./30 ft.
Monstrous scorpions are likely to attack any creature that approaches, and they usually charge when attacking prey.
Constrict (Ex): A monstrous scorpion deals automatic claw damage on a successful grapple check.
Improved Grab (Ex): To use this ability, a monstrous scorpion must hit with a claw attack. A monstrous scorpion can use either its Strength modifier or Dexterity modifier for grapple checks, whichever is better.
Poison (Ex): A monstrous scorpion has a poisonous sting. The details vary by the scorpion's size, as follows. The save DCs are Constitution- based. The indicated damage is initial and secondary damage.
Skills: A monstrous scorpion has a +4 racial bonus on Climb, Hide, and Spot checks.
Speed: 20 ft. (4 squares), climb 10 ft. 30 ft. (6 squares), climb 20 ft. 30 ft. (6 squares), climb 20 ft.
Speed: 30 ft. (6 squares), climb 20 ft. 30 ft. (6 squares), climb 20 ft.
All monstrous spiders are aggressive predators that use their poisonous bites to subdue or kill prey.
Monstrous spiders come in two general types: hunters and web-spinners. Hunters rove about, while web-spinners usually attempt to trap prey. Hunting spiders can spin webs to use as lairs, but cannot use their webs as weapons the way web-spinners can. A hunting spider has a base land speed 10 feet faster than the figures given in the statistics blocks.
Web (Ex): Both types of monstrous spiders often wait in their webs or in trees, then lower themselves silently on silk strands and leap onto prey passing beneath. A single strand is strong enough to support the spider and one creature of the same size. Web-spinners can throw a web eight times per day. This is similar to an attack with a net but has a maximum range of 50 feet, with a range increment of 10 feet, and is effective against targets up to one size category larger than the spider. An entangled creature can escape with a successful Escape Artist check or burst it with a Strength check. Both are standard actions whose DCs are given in the table below. The check DCs are Constitution-based, and the Strength check DC includes a +4 racial bonus.
Web-spinners often create sheets of sticky webbing from 5 to 60 feet square, depending on the size of the spider. They usually position these sheets to snare flying creatures but can also try to trap prey on the ground. Approaching creatures must succeed on a DC 20 Spot check to notice a web; otherwise they stumble into it and become trapped as though by a successful web attack. Attempts to escape or burst the webbing gain a +5 bonus if the trapped creature has something to walk on or grab while pulling free. Each 5-foot section has the hit points given on the table, and sheet webs have damage reduction 5/—.
A monstrous spider can move across its own web at its climb speed and can pinpoint the location of any creature touching its web.
Tremorsense (Ex): A monstrous spider can detect and pinpoint any creature or object within 60 feet in contact with the ground, or within any range in contact with the spider's webs.
higher. *Hunting spiders have a +10 racial bonus on Jump checks and a +8 racial bonus on Spot checks. Web-spinning spiders have a +8 racial bonus on Hide and Move Silently checks when using their webs.


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
The Catalogue of Life, 3rd January 2011

#### Published in
in Guzmán, Bandala & King, Mycol. Res. 95(4): 507 (1991)

#### Original name
Psilocybe aucklandiae Guzmán, C.C. King & Bandala, 1991

### Remarks
null


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List of famous people having net worth $13 million
Christian Yelich Bio, Age, Net Worth 2022, Salary, Mom, Girlfriend, Height
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Italian model, actress, singer, and showgirl well-known for her role in TNT's show Leverage. After that, she came into the limelight because of her high-profile relationship with George Clooney. Parents and Sibling of Elisabetta Canalis Elisabetta Canalis was on September…
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Kyler Murray, an American football quarterback came to the spotlight after playing for the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League. Who are Kyler Murray's Parents? Kyler Murray opened his beautiful pair of eyes for the first time on August…
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Yvonne Boismier Philips is an actress as well as a make-up artist in many high fashion magazines. However, she gained popularity after marrying a famous actor, a movie as well as a television director just like other celebrities' wives. What…
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American actress, producer, and director Melissa Joan Hart came into the limelight by starring roles in the sitcoms Clarissa Explains It All, Sabrina the Teenage Witch, Melissa & Joey, and also in No Good Nick. When was Melissa Joan Hart…
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Lenedra Carroll profession is a singer, writer, and businesswoman from America. She is also a founder of Higher Ground for Humanity. Along with this, Lendra is also known as the mother of Grammy-nominated singer, Jewel Kilcher. Early Life of Lenedra Carroll In 1950 in…
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The 250 acre lake, referred to as Puddingstone Reservoir, has approximately five miles of shoreline and is divided into three activity areas: boating, fishing and swimming. An area for swimming is located on the South Shore of the facility and is open for swimming ALL WEEK from mid July 1, through Labor Day weekend. Lifeguards are on duty from 10 am to 6pm. The swim beach can also be accessed from your boat. There is a boat landing on the north side of the dock. Please remember that the cove is a 5 mph area.
KEEP AFLOAT!!! 1. SWIM ONLY WHEN LIFEGUARDS ARE ON DUTY.
2. STAY INSIDE DESIGNATED SWIM AREA.
3. NO BOARDS, INFLATABLE RAFTS, OR INFLATABLE SWIM AIDS, ETC.
4. NO SAND OR ROCK THROWING.
5. NO CLIMBING/SITTING/STANDING ON SHOULDERS OF OTHER SWIMMERS.
7. DO NOT SWIM WITH LONG PANTS, SHOES OR LONG SLEEVE SHIRTS.
YOU HAVE BEEN CONSUMING ALCOHOL.
PROXIMITY AT ALL TIMES. KEEP YOUR SWIM BEACH OPEN!!! 10. NO FISHING IN SWIM AREA.
11. TODDLERS/CHILDREN ARE NOT TO ENTER THE WATER UNLESS THEY ARE WEARING "SWIM DIAPERS".
12. KEEP YOUR PETS ON A LEASH AND OFF THE BEACH.
13. PLEASE PLACE LITTER IN WASTE CONTAINERS.
14. NO FIRES OR BBQ'S WITHIN 50 FEET OF THE SHORE. PLEASE DISPOSE OF HOT COALS IN THE PROPER RECEPTACLES.
15. NO GLASS BOTTLES OR CONTAINERS.
THE LIFEGUARDS WALKING THE SHORELINE OR GO TO THE LIFEGUARD STATION.
LIFEGUARDS HAVE THE FINAL AUTHORITY IN ALL MATTERS REGARDING SWIMMING AND BEACH ACTIVITIES. OTHER ACTIONS NOT MENTIONED IN THESE RULES MAY BE DEEMED UNSAFE BY THE LIFEGUARDS. LIFEGUARDS HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO EJECT SWIMMERS AND ISSUE CITATIONS WHEN NECESSARY (L.A.CO. ORDS. 17.04. 010-90-140-200-220-250-360-530).
OPEN: Thursdays through Sundays only, starting mid June - through Labor Day Weekend.


There are a few general rules of thumb to help you decide if it's time to divide your flower bulbs.
If the plants are getting smaller and more plentiful, or if blooms are declining, it's time to dig the whole clump up, divide them, and replant in good soil.
It is best to divide bulbs after they have bloomed and the leaves have dried down. This allows for maximum food storage in the bulb for next year's growth. Cut off yellowed leaves near the ground rather than pulling them off. Very dry leaves will detach easily.
Either separate and plant the divided bulbs, or let them dry, shake the soil off and store them in cool, dry conditions. Get rid of moldy bulbs or ones that are too small.
Tender bulbs must be removed from the ground after the first hard frost. Dig the bulbs and wash off the soil. Let them dry thoroughly and then store in a dry peat mix until spring in a cool (not freezing) location.
Fall-blooming Crinums may only need to be divided every 4-5 years, and others like the Surprise Lily may go 8 years or more before being too crowded.


text:
Hacking Stress Through Neuroscience
Rachel Frazier
Wearable health technology has come a long way from the bulbous, belt worn pedometers of yesteryear. With every generation, tech companies have packed modern health trackers with an ever-growing list of sensors, claiming to empower users by providing rich data to improve health and wellbeing. However, diagnostics are of little use if not acted upon. Backed by evidence-based neuroscience and clinical trials, the Apollo wearable was designed by health professionals to actively train your nervous system to deliver elevated mood, more restful sleep, focus and mental clarity.
A common trend in technology is to consolidate. We see this in the move toward standardised inputs and cables, where we are in a late stage run off between USB type A and C. Gone are the oodles of proprietary plugs, cables and adaptors. Even our mobile phones are innocuously replacing all our other gadgetry through an ever-growing feature set. Think back to the last time you carried both a portable camera and your phone. Absolute madness, right? For many, this convergence is ideal, simplifying our everyday carry. But, for others, having an 'all-rounder' device simply doesn't cut it. When it matters, a device that specialises in a particular function makes all the difference. And that's where Apollo comes in.
While the Apollo device shares the dimensions of a Whoop band and may look similar to a modern fitness tracker, it differentiates itself by providing unique functionality. The Apollo doesn't try to monitor various bodily metrics and spit out real time data without offering guidance on how to improve your wellness. Instead, the device's sole purpose is to help regulate and improve your HRV, or Heart Rate Variability, by providing active feedback designed to short-circuit anxiety and train your body to become more resilient to stress.
See, the idea is that the more variable your heartrate, the more adaptive your body will be to various conditions. Think of it like your immune system; you wouldn't want your body to fight a life-threatening illness with the same level of antibodies that it employs to ward off a simple cold. A lower (less adaptive) HRV means your body may be at risk of anxiety, depression or insomnia, whilst a higher HRV is indicative of mental clarity, better cognitive performance and more restful sleep. And just like you train your body, your HRV can likewise be improved upon.
The Apollo device acts as your personal trainer, by providing subtle prompts via a proprietary, silent vibration system. These signals are designed to mimic the soothing power of touch, which will help to re-train your autonomic nervous system overtime. The wearer can also configure the type of signals received from the device via the Apollo Neuro app, selecting from a range of patterns including those designed for waking up, recovery, sleep and mindfulness among others.
The Apollo comes in a range of colours and is designed to be worn comfortably on the wrist or ankle. Source: Apollo Neuro.
There's Science At Play
Dr. David Rabin and Dr. Greg Siegle, the founders of Apollo, studied the effect of vibrations through double-blind, randomised and placebo-controlled trials at the University of Pittsburgh. Their findings indicated that specific vibrational patterns (as used in the Apollo device) led to an increase in focus, better physiological recovery and an improved resilience to stress. Additional pilot studies and trials have strengthened these findings by consistently demonstrating that the use of Apollo vibrations improved HRV while under stress, provided easier access to meditative states and improved athletic recovery.
Science is an ongoing process of investigation and the team behind Apollo are continuing to test the benefits of the device across a broad spectrum of wellbeing markers. As of late 2021, an Apollo sleep study is currently underway, with preliminary results indicating more favourable outcomes. Users of the device reported an increase of nearly 20% for deep sleep and 6% in total sleep time. Impressive when you consider this device as a possible alternative to pharmaceutical sleep aids which often come with unwanted side effects including addiction and cognitive impairment.
What's The Verdict?
We've seen many different iterations of wearable health tech over the years, though the Apollo certainly stands out as a device born of science and backed by a strong pedigree of health professionals and evidence-based clinical trials. Does it live up to the lofty physiological claims? Well, the consensus among the tech and health industry is yes, but we'd like to see for ourselves, so stay tuned for our full review.
The Apollo wearable is available for purchase at the following link.
Buy Apollo
Disclosure: This post may contain affiliate links for products or services, at no additional cost to our audience. AMR may earn a small commission to help support our team and keep us independent. Affiliate partnerships have no impact on our writing or reviews, and we remain committed to providing our valued audience with unbiased and unfiltered journalism.
Rachel is a founding contributor at AMR, covering health, wellness and nutrition. She can be reached at rfrazier@amodernremedy.com
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Is Your Company Culture Attracting Candidates?
Human resources can give your company a major competitive advantage, but only if you can bring top talent to your organization. The most skilled and experienced professionals will often have their choice of where to work, and they want jobs they will enjoy.
Company culture plays an important role in whether a candidate likes his work life or not. The most in-demand professionals across every industry look to find work with organizations that promote a positive environment for staff.
Fostering respect from the top down.
Every employee wants to feel their role is appreciated and their skills are respected. A culture of respect needs to start with the CEO. Executives can set an example by actively creating a welcoming and inclusive environment for their employees. Genuine efforts will encourage all levels of the corporate hierarchy to practice the same level of respect.
Making sure all employees can contribute.
Employees should be able to have their voices heard. Providing company-wide forums for employee feedback should be encouraged. Not only does this create a positive corporate culture, it can also foster innovation as you take advantage of the creativity of every single person on your staff.
People want to work for a company where their hard work will be recognized. Managers should look for ways to provide specific praise that recognizes the unique contributions each employee makes. When workers feel valued, they will continue to contribute to creating a positive corporate culture.
A big part of your company culture comes from the people you hire. Eastridge Workforce Solutions provides assistance to businesses in finding skilled workers who are going to build strong companies that talented professionals want to work for. To find out more about how our staffing service will help your organization to build a solid workforce, give us a call today.


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How to Support Local Farmers During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Here's how I plan to eat fresh and local during (and after) the COVID-19 pandemic.
Clay Abney
Credit: GETTY / Enrique Díaz / 7cero
It's likely if you're reading this article, you have also perused the aisles of your local supermarket over the last four to six weeks only to witness the absence of toilet paper, paper products and other items on your grocery list. As lockdowns were initiated around the COVID-19 pandemic, panic set in and grocery stores were depleted of edible essentials like pasta, rice and canned goods. Even the meat department started to look a little lean (see what I did there?).
The coronavirus emergency response varies from state to state within the U.S., but if you're in a state that has shuttered most (or all) nonessential businesses, then you're likely in the same boat as me right now. I usually prefer to eat a diet consisting of lean meats, fruits, vegetables and whole grains, while limiting my intake of foods that contain simple carbohydrates (i.e. bread), sugary foods and drinks. But the current situation has forced me to reevaluate my approach to grocery shopping.
This pandemic escalated just as spring was creeping around the corner. It's put a damper on my ability to seek out farmers' markets where I could buy locally sourced produce. This got me thinking about how farmers are dealing with the coronavirus pandemic and how we can support them during this trying time.
Related: Is It Safe to Shop at Farmers' Markets During the Coronavirus Pandemic?
How Farmers Are Dealing with the Coronavirus Pandemic
"We started the month of March set to break sales records, and, by the middle of the month, we weren't sure how we were going to make payroll," states Kikki Tucker, co-owner of Tucker Farms.
Prior to the pandemic, Kikki, and her husband Craig, were operating Tucker Farms as they had since its founding in 2010. Over the last decade, they have created a sustainability-focused farm that primarily caters to chefs and farm-to-table kitchens in the Atlanta and Chattanooga markets.
"When the restaurants closed, we were faced with the very sudden choice to either shut down or change our business model," Tucker says. "For a few days, we panicked, watched way too much news and barely slept."
Located in northwest Georgia, the Tuckers built their first hoop house in 2010 and added a hydroponic greenhouse in 2012. Tucker Farms specializes in specialty lettuces, greens, herbs and seasonal vegetables. The hydroponic greenhouse allows the farm to consistently provide lettuces and salad greens year-round.
Like many of us, they struggled to make sense of the new challenge facing them. Friends and colleagues reached out offering to assist the Tuckers in finding new ways to move their harvests with the restaurant industry at a standstill. The group was able to move quickly and put together a plan to offer weekly, no-contact farm boxes.
They added an online store to their existing website. Now, they are offering direct to customers an array of their lettuces, salad greens and seasonal garden vegetables.
"We weren't really sure how folks would respond to boxes built around salads," exclaims Tucker. "But so far, people have been really enthusiastic."
"Despite all the uncertainty, our team has been amazing through these changes," adds Tucker. "In addition to upping our already-strict food safety and sanitation protocols, we've had to stagger shifts and completely change our packaging materials and inventory management processes to accommodate smaller, customized individual orders instead of larger wholesale quantities."
How to Support Local Farmers During COVID-19
The Tuckers are not alone in this plight. They, and likely thousands of other farmers, are struggling to evolve during this ever-changing dynamic that caught all of us off guard. And unlike some business owners, the products that farmers offer have a limited shelf life and how they are able to adapt will determine the difference between a successful and a potentially devastating year.
"At this point, we are feeling cautiously optimistic about the future, and we are continuing to plant twice weekly to maintain a steady harvest," Tucker says. "We're sticking to our 2020 garden expansion plans and are looking forward to delicious summer and fall seasons."
The local farmers' market where they consistently showcase their produce is slated to reopen next month. Tucker says that the market will feature a no-contact, drive-through style market.
"Small farms are still growing food for our communities," Tucker exclaims. "Consumers can secure fresh, delicious local produce directly from local farms, through local farm box and meal kit companies, and by purchasing to-go meals from local restaurants who support local farms."
And, it's not just about selling their product that's important to Tucker Farms.
"We are making weekly donations to different community kitchens and food banks in Atlanta and Northwest Georgia," says Tucker. "They are key partners in ensuring that our most vulnerable neighbors have access to fresh, nutrient-dense food."
How to Find Local Produce During the Coronavirus Pandemic
If you're a fan of locally sourced produce and meats like I am, it's more important than ever to help our local farmers weather this storm that we are all a part of this year.
Have you gone to local farmer's markets in the past? Perhaps you have built a relationship with a particular farm. Consider reaching out to them directly to ask how you can procure their products until we are all able to attend the public markets once again. (Most farms have websites or social media accounts—try searching for your favorite farm to find their contact info.)
Also, contact your state department of agriculture and ask if they have a list of farmers in your area that you can reach out to directly. Some states even have apps in which you can locate nearby farmers from which to buy from directly during this time.