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Black Skin
Advocacy & Equity
Height in Girls: When Do They Stop Growing, What's the Median Height, and More
Medically reviewed by Alana Biggers, M.D., MPH — By Ashley Marcin — Updated on March 13, 2019
Growth and puberty
Puberty and breast development
Q&A: Breast growth
Girls vs. boys
Median height
Height and genetics
Growth delays
When will a girl stop growing?
Girls grow at a quick pace throughout infancy and childhood. When they reach puberty, growth increases dramatically again.
Girls usually stop growing and reach adult height by 14 or 15 years old, or a couple years after menstruation begins.
Learn more about growth in girls, what to expect when it happens, and when you may want to call your child's pediatrician.
How does puberty affect growth?
Girls typically have a growth spurt in the one to two years before menstruation starts.
For most girls, puberty occurs between 8 and 13 years old and the growth spurt occurs between 10 and 14 years old. They grow just 1 to 2 additional inches in the year or two after getting their first period. This is when they reach their adult height.
Most girls reach their adult height by age 14 or 15. This age could be younger depending on when a girl first gets her period.
You may want to contact your child's doctor if your daughter is 15 and hasn't yet begun her period.
What's the connection between puberty and breast development?
Breast development is often the first sign of puberty. Breasts may start developing 2 to 2 1/2 years before a girl gets her period.
Some girls may notice breast buds only a year after their first periods. Others may not begin developing breasts for three to four years after beginning menstruation.
The buds may not appear at the same time, but they usually appear within six months of one another.
When do breasts stop growing?
Anonymous patient
Breasts generally stop growing when puberty is complete, around one to two years after a girl has her first period. However, it's not unusual for breasts to continue to grow slightly and change in shape or contour up until age 18. It's also quite common to have one breast that's a different size than the other.
Karen Gill, MD Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.
Do girls grow at a different speed than boys?
Puberty hits boys slightly later than it does girls.
In general, boys begin puberty between the ages of 10 and 13 years old and experience growth spurts between 12 and 15 years old. This means their biggest growth spurt happens about two years after it does with girls.
Most boys stop gaining height by age 16, but their muscles may continue to develop.
What's the median height for girls?
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the mean, or average, age-adjusted height for adult women 20 years old and up is 63.7 inches. That's just under 5 foot 4 inches.
Height by age
At 8 years old, the earliest start of puberty, half of all American girls will be under 50.2 inches (127.5 cm) tall. This means that a lot of growth occurs during a short period of time.
The following information comes from a CDC chart from 2000:
Age (years) 50th percentile height for girls (inches and centimeters)
8 50.2 in. (127.5 cm)
9 52.4 in. (133 cm)
10 54.3 in. (138 cm)
14 63.2 in. (160.5 cm)
16 64 in. (162.5 cm)
17 64 in. (163 cm)
What role do genetics play in height?
Your height has a lot to do with how tall or short your parents are. Growth patterns tend to run in families.
When looking at the growth of children, pediatricians often ask parents about their own height, family height history, and growth patterns.
There are a couple of different ways to predict how tall a girl may grow. One of these methods is called the mid-parental method.
To use this method, add the height in inches of the mother and father, then divide that by two. Then, subtract 2 1/2 inches from that number. To determine the predicted height for a boy, you'd add 2 1/2 inches to the number.
For example, if a girl has a father who's 72 inches tall and a mother who's 66 inches tall, the predicted height for the girl would be found with the following calculations:
138 / 2 = 69
69 – 2.5 = 66.5
So the predicted height for the girl is 66.5 inches or 5 foot 6.5 inches.
This number is a rough estimate, however. You may see a margin of error of up to 4 inches in either direction.
In general, the taller the parents are, the taller the child will be, and vice versa.
What causes growth delays?
There are many factors that affect growth, ranging from malnutrition to medications.
Some girls may see a delay in growth due to certain health conditions, such as growth hormone issues, severe arthritis, or cancer.
Genetic conditions play a role as well. For example, girls with Down syndrome, Noonan syndrome, or Turner syndrome may be shorter than their family members.
Girls with Marfan's syndrome may grow taller than their family members.
If you have concerns about your child's growth, contact their pediatrician. Once a girl reaches puberty, growth will typically stop a couple of years after her first period. A teen who has delayed growth will have less time to grow before the end of her spurt.
What's the takeaway?
Girls may gain a foot or more in height from childhood through puberty. Getting enough sleep, eating nutritious foods, and exercising regularly are all good habits that can help them grow in a healthy way.
If you have concerns about your child's growth pattern, contact their doctor sooner rather than later.
Their doctor will likely ask about your family's growth history. They'll examine your child and look carefully at your child's growth curve.
Sometimes, their doctor may use tests such as X-rays or blood tests to help them determine causes of growth delays.
American Academy of Pediatrics. (2015). Predicting a child's adult height.
healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/Glands-Growth-Disorders/Pages/Predicting-a-Childs-Adult-Height.aspx
CDC/National Center for Health Statistics. (2017). Body measurements.
cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/body-measurements.htm
CDC/National Center for Health Statistics. 2 to 20 years: Girls stature-for-age and weight-for-age percentiles. (2000).
cdc.gov/growthcharts/data/set2clinical/cj41c072.pdf
Fryer CD, et al. (2018). Mean body weight, height, waist circumference, and body mass index among adults: United States, 1999-2000 through 2015-2016.
cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr122-508.pdf
Growth and your 13- to 18-year-old. (2015).
kidshealth.org/en/parents/growth-13-to-18.html
Puberty. (2018).
youngwomenshealth.org/2010/04/21/puberty
When Do Boys Stop Growing?
The average American man is about 5 foot 9 inches. Curious about how long it takes him to reach that height? Find out when boys stop growing here…
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What's the Average Height for Women and How Does That Affect Weight?
In the 1960s, the average American woman was around 5 feet 3 inches tall. How tall is she today? Discover the average height for women in the United…
Does Lifting Weights Stunt Growth?
If you're a parent of a child under age 18, you might be wondering if the strength training workouts your child is doing at the gym or as part of a…
Toddler Growth Spurts and Development: What to Expect
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How Hormonal Birth Control May Affect the Adolescent Brain
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The Average Heights of Men Around the World
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Humans come in a variety of shapes and sizes. See how the average height for men in the United States compares worldwide.


How many types pulley? - TOP 10 rubber conveyor belt manufacture in China, supply Contitech conveyor belt, EPconveyor belt, steel cord conveyor belt etc.
You are here: Home > Techinical & News > How many types pulley?
The pulley can be divided into two types: the drive pulley and bend roller. The function of the drive pulley is to move the conveyor belt by frictional drive between the cylinder surface and the belt surface, while changing the direction of movement of the conveyor belt. Changing only the direction of movement of the conveyor belt without transmitting power is called a reversing drum (such as a tail drum, a vertical tension pulley, etc.). The drum is divided into a steel plate welding drum (large) and a casting drum (small).


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Petsitter Now Wants Up to $1M for Negative Yelp Review
First lawsuit dropped, second lawsuit asks for a lot more
Posted May 5, 2016 2:34 PM CDT
The warning that appears on the Yelp page for the petsitting business. (Yelp)
The petsitting company suing a Texas couple over their negative Yelp review now wants even more money from the couple. As Consumerist reports, Prestigious Pets' original lawsuit, which sought less than $7,000, was quickly dropped—only to be replaced with this new suit, which seeks between $200,000 and $1 million. Prestigious Pets originally argued that Robert and Michelle Douchouquette violated a non-disparagement clause in the petsitting contract by posting the bad review, in which the couple complained about some of the company's policies and alleged the petsitter may have harmed their fish. The new suit still alleges the non-disparagement clause was violated, and adds two more claims: defamation and business disparagement.
Prestigious Pets says the bad review and the ensuing bad publicity have led to threats and harassment and left the company a "shell of its former success," CBS DFW reports. "You'd think that what really damaged the reputation of the company was bringing the suit in the first place," says Paul Levy of Public Citizen, a consumer advocacy group representing the Douchouquettes pro bono. A warning that now pops up on Prestigious Pets' Yelp page reads, "You should know this business has issued legal threats and/or taken legal action against reviewers for exercising their free speech. If your review accurately describes your firsthand experience, you have a First Amendment right to express your opinion on Yelp." A court will soon determine whether the petsitters' lawsuit is frivolous, in which case the Douchouquettes could seek to have it dismissed. (This couple sued after a "disastrous" HGTV remodel.)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Saturday Night at the Movies - 18 October 2014, 5pm
This week Howard Goodall returns to the fascinating subject of composer-director partnerships and how these fruitful collaborations can result in effective film scores.
In previous programmes, Howard has examined the working relationships between the likes of John Williams and Steven Spielberg, and Tim Burton and Danny Elfman.
GALLERY: The greatest director-composer partnerships >
Under the spotlight this week are the partnerships between, amongst others, fellow Canadians Howard Shore and David Cronenberg. Shore's first film score was for Cronenberg's first major film The Brood. He has gone on to score all of Cronenberg's subsequent films, with the exception of The Dead Zone. Shore further developed his music for Cronenberg's The Fly into a full-scale opera and most recently they collaborated on Maps to the Stars.
Maurice Jarre and David Lean (pictured) together gave us such classics as Lawrence of Arabia, Dr. Zhivago, Ryan's Daughter and A Passage to India.
George Fenton has scored more feature films for Ken Loach than for any other director. Their collaboration started in 1994 with Ladybird, Ladybird. Their excellent output includes such films as Land and Freedom and The Wind That Shakes the Barley which won the Palme d'Or at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival.


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Home > Computer Games > Impact of Computer Games on Child Development
By: Sarah Clark (ILEX) - Updated: 21 Sep 2012 | *Discuss
Children's computer games are as much a part of their childhood as skipping ropes and teddy bears, but experts clash about whether too much time spent on a computer or games console can be bad for child development. There is a tendency to blame sedentary lifestyles for a lot – including restricted social skills – but in moderation, are children's computer games really that bad?
The effect of computer games on children can also be positive – with the development of games that challenge children intellectually, and consoles like the Nintendo wii which even build in a certain amount of physical activity, children's computer games can be sociable, intellectually stimulating and fun.
Some of the benefits of video games are that they are a non-threatening and fun way to introduce children to computers, and some games may also help child development by improving children's hand-eye coordination and attention to detail.
How Much is Too Much with Children's Computer Games?
You have to look at your child's overall lifestyle and be honest with yourself – does he or she have lots of friends and interests outside the games console? If your child plays regularly with other children, is sociable and enjoys the company of other people, it's probable that his social skills are fine.
It's recommended that children spend less than two hours sitting in front of a screen – whether it's a TV, games console or computer. If a child spends excessive amounts of time (several hours a day, every day for example) staring at a computer screen you could find that his social skills are being neglected and it's time to take things in hand. As well as alienating themselves from other children, some research has shown that that playing video games may affect some children's physical functioning. The reported effects range from triggering epileptic fits, changes in blood pressure and heart rate to musculo-skeletal problems such as tendonitis, and carpal tunnel syndrome. However, these effects are thankfully rare. As a parent, your main concern should be to monitor the amount of time that children spend playing children's computer games, and being vigilant about the content of the games that they play.
Violent and Inappropriate Games - The Effects of Computer Games on Children
There have been numerous studies into the effects of video games and children's computer games, and the general consensus from all this research is that violent games have five different effects on children and children's development.
Playing violent games has been shown to cause:
increased physiological arousal
increased aggressive thoughts
increased aggressive feelings
increased aggressive behaviour
decreased 'pro-social helping'
The research also seems to indicate that much of the effect of computer games on children (especially the violent games intended for adults but often played by children anyway) are affected by the parents.
Children whose parents limited the amount of time they spent playing game on the computer or games consoles, and made sure that any games their child played were age appropriate, seemed to do better at school and get into fewer fights and arguments while they were there.
Educational children's computer games are more likely to have a positive effect - and it's widely believed that violence in computer games, video or other media can have a negative effect.
So, if you want your child to grow up with a healthy appreciation of video and computer games, and all they have to offer, there's no harm in giving them the run of the games console or computer sometimes. However, the general rule is – don't let the video games take over their spare time completely, and just keep an eye on what they are actually playing!


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Standards, Competence and Training
Author : Ron Sinclair MBE
In addition to the very specific installation and use standards for trace heating, gas detection and miners' caplights, there are five standards in the IEC 60079 series. These are all about what happens to equipment after it is dispatched from the factory. History confirms that most accidents relate to the use of these standards, rather than the standards of construction.
Expulsion of hot gases through a flamepath
People are the weakest link in the chain and training alone does not prove competence.
As David Doig of OPITO wrote in the January edition of HazardEx, talking of a survey of oil majors: "There is a mixed approach to competence with various views on what it is and how it is measured. More attention needs to be paid to the outcomes of training programmes."
Certainly training is a major component leading to competence, but it is not the only one, and an examination directly following a training course is mainly a measure of short-term memory retention of the training material. A failure confirms incompetence but a pass cannot confirm competence.
The concept of competence should focus on what is expected of an employee in the workplace, and their ability to perform, rather than on the learning process. Competency will either build or degrade throughout a work period according to how the learnt skills and knowledge are applied in the workplace.
Area Classification – IEC 60079-10-1/-2
The formulae for determining Zones and extent of Zones are quite complex and difficult to work with. It is necessary to apply engineering judgement as a reality check. The ability to apply that judgement only comes with building competence. Even the definitions for Zones 0, 1 and 2 and for Zones 20, 21 and 22 need to be read with a degree of understanding applied at the most basic level.
Selection and Installation – IEC 60079-14
The section on cable glands alone can test the competence of many people, but there are other parts that could be easily overlooked if the fundamental technical background is not understood. The standard contains very strict "anti-obstruction" requirements relating to the flamepaths on Ex d equipment. Yet there is plenty of evidence that this requirement is either ignored or overlooked. An understanding of the distinctive two ways in which the escaping gasses are cooled to avoid ignition of the surrounding gas-air mixture will ensure the requirement is never overlooked.
Incorrect maintenance leads directly to danger
The primary cooling relates to the pressure drop along the path. Everyone who has pumped up a bicycle tyre by hand will understand the application of the universal gas law PV/T = C – that is that the hand holding the top of the pump feels the heat caused by the compression. The flamepath behaves exactly the same but in reverse, so the gasses are cooled by the change in pressure (and definitely not by the cooling effect of the surfaces of the path, which makes a minimal contribution).
The secondary cooling is caused by the speed of the escaping gasses being sufficient to entrain the cooler external gasses into the stream, thus further cooling the escaping gasses. This secondary cooling may or may not be necessary, depending on the exact configuration of the flamepath.But other than for screw-thread flamepaths, the installer of equipment will not be able to tell. Placing an obstruction close to the exit of the flamepath can interfere with this process and can trap the hot gasses in a confined space with the external atmosphere, leading to an external ignition.
Inspection and Maintenance – IEC 60079-17
The standard describes three levels of inspection: visual; close; and detailed, and different skills are needed for each. There is also a need to understand the difference between maintenance and re-design. Any re-design (i.e. replacement of a part of an equipment by a different part) needs very careful consideration, and the standard draws attention to the need for a review process with appropriate level of authorisation. It is also very clear that the person performing the maintenance is not allowed to sign off his own work as having been inspected.
In the case of the switch in the Ex d enclosure shown, three people should have been involved in the acceptance: the individual who accepted the re-design; the operative who actually made the modification; and the inspector who signed off his work. Can we conclude that all three were ignorant of the need not to drill a hole in the back of an Ex d enclosure or, more likely, can we conclude that the maintenance was not carried out in accordance with the procedures in the standard?
Repair and Overhaul – IEC 60079-19
This standard is the foundation of the IECEx Service Facility Certification Scheme which has been running since 2007, with now 60 certified repair workshops in the scheme. It is important to realise that much of the standard is concerned with mechanical service and reclamation, such as metal spraying, as well as the electrical aspects. As well as competence in these specific techniques, the staff still need to understand the fundamentals of the explosion protection techniques, or they may replace high tensile fasteners with those less able to withstand the explosion pressures.
Recent discussions in the IECEx ExTAG Committee have revealed that sometimes it is the plant owners who try to put pressure on the repairers to subvert the standard requirements because they do not understand the reasons why certain activities are restricted.
An inferior fastener can fail
IECEx Certificate of Personnel Competence
This scheme was devised to meet the needs of industry as a partner to all five of the "user" standards. The foundation is a three-part approach to verifying competence: first, a requirement for training related to the activity: second, a requirement to log and validate work experience putting the training into practice, and third, a separate examination concentrating on the application of the knowledge and skills in the workplace.
Of the 10 formal Units of Competence, six involve a practical element as part of the examination and some involve practical calculations. All involve both multiple choice questions and short-form answer questions. Although one person has actually sat and passed the examinations for nine units in one week, this was the exception and it would be normal for an individual to sit between one and five units, to match their current employment experience.
For full information, see www.iecex.com
The experience from Australia is interesting, where a number of engineers have obtained the IECEx Certificate of Personnel Competence in response to concerns about the effectiveness of the existing Australian scheme, where the training establishments are in charge of the examinations. They have attended Baseefa examination centres in both the UK and Singapore, so have clearly seen the value of the IECEx scheme over and above their national scheme.
Singapore is proving important as an examination centre and not just for Australians, as both Petronas and Shell Brunei have also put their weight behind the scheme. In Europe, much of the interest follows from the support for the scheme from Total.
By the time this appears in print, there will be approximately 100 individuals with IECEx Certification. This may not sound a lot but, after the first three years, there were about 100 product certificates issued in the original IECEx Scheme. The total now exceeds 10,000. A similar exponential expansion is envisaged in the field of Personnel Competence, with a possible total of between 50,000 and 100,000 certificates issued in a 10 to 15 year period.
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Chinese nuclear developer told to resolve safety issues before moving ahead with UK plant
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I think it's been established that I love shoes.
I also like to take care of my shoes (re-soling, rubberizing, re-heeling, winterizing, etc.), and will pledge my undying love to the shoe guy at Field's basement in Minneapolis for taking care of all those needs.
However, Cincinnati Citysearch is quite vague about their shoe guys. I found a listing of two dozen cobblers, and they all share the same four-star rating and no customer reviews.
Help a lady out- if you have a wonderful Cincinnati cobbler to recommend to me, my boots will be quite pleased.


To check your Savings Card balance, simply enter your account number and postal code in the field to the right!
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: This is not a credit or debit card. This simply identifies the holder as a Savings Card Member. Valid for parts and labour. Cannot be combined with any other specials or advertised offers. $1,500 is the maximum total of all discounts. Card cannot be combined with other discounts or special offers. Excludes provincial and federal taxes, sublet service, body shop repairs, wholesale purchases, warranty and insurance deductibles and environmental fees. Other restrictions may apply, see dealer for details. Copyright 2017. All rights reserved.
10% OFF parts and labour up to maximum savings of $1,500!
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with purchase of new tires, or a winter/summer tire and wheel package.


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using EdiEngine.Common.Enums;
using EdiEngine.Common.Definitions;
using EdiEngine.Standards.X12_004010.Segments;

namespace EdiEngine.Standards.X12_004010.Maps
{
	public class M_362 : MapLoop
	{
		public M_362() : base(null)
		{
			Content.AddRange(new MapBaseEntity[] {
				new BGN() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 1 },
				new CUR() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 1 },
				new REF() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 9 },
				new N1() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 1 },
				new N2() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 1 },
				new DTP() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 1 },
				new L_L5(this) { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 999999 },
			});
		}

		//1000
		public class L_L5 : MapLoop
		{
			public L_L5(MapLoop parentLoop) : base(parentLoop)
			{
				Content.AddRange(new MapBaseEntity[] {
					new L5() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new REF() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 20 },
					new DTP() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 9 },
					new V1() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new N1() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 9 },
					new R1() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new QTY() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new PCT() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new L_R4(this) { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 5 },
					new L_AMT(this) { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 9 },
				});
			}
		}

		//1100
		public class L_R4 : MapLoop
		{
			public L_R4(MapLoop parentLoop) : base(parentLoop)
			{
				Content.AddRange(new MapBaseEntity[] {
					new R4() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new NX2() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 20 },
				});
			}
		}

		//1200
		public class L_AMT : MapLoop
		{
			public L_AMT(MapLoop parentLoop) : base(parentLoop)
			{
				Content.AddRange(new MapBaseEntity[] {
					new AMT() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new CUR() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new L_LQ(this) { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 999999 },
				});
			}
		}

		//1210
		public class L_LQ : MapLoop
		{
			public L_LQ(MapLoop parentLoop) : base(parentLoop)
			{
				Content.AddRange(new MapBaseEntity[] {
					new LQ() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Mandatory, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new PCT() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 1 },
					new DTP() { ReqDes = RequirementDesignator.Optional, MaxOccurs = 1 },
				});
			}
		}

	}
 }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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About Booth's Mitsubishi
The business (EJ & WA Booth) commenced trading as a Petrol retailer and Service Station on 1st September, 1939 – 2 days before WWII was declared, at 253 Mann Street, Gosford in the sunny NSW Central Coast.
The company's founders were Evelyn (EJ) and Fred (WA) Booth. Their only child Kevin is currently the Managing Director of the group. Kevin's children David, Col and Sandra are all involved in the management of the company.
Repairs, parts sales and vehicles sales were added to the business in the early years.
A Hillman, Humber, Singer, Commer and Sunbeam franchise was obtained in the mid 1940's under the Rootes Group Ltd banner. This English company's Australian operations were taken over by Chrysler Australia Ltd in the late 1960's. The franchise was changed at that time.
Mitsubishi Motors Australia Ltd purchased the operations of Chrysler in 1981, and the business has continued with that franchise. The Mitsubishi Ralliart franchise was included from May 2002 selling the amazing EVO Lancer. The Mitsubishi truck franchise was sadly handed back in 2003, after space restrictions and increased passenger vehicle volume reduced our ability to carry heavy vehicle stock.
The Hyundai franchise was added to the group from July 2004 with the purchase of 'Peter Robert Hyundai' at North Gosford, and Mitsubishi sales relocated to that location from September 2004.
The 'Wyong Mitsubishi' dealership was purchased in September 2005 and is now known as Booth's Motor Group Tuggerah. Hyundai has since been added to that site.
The original site in the Gosford CBD dating from 1939 was still being utilised for Service and Parts until May 2008. A state-of-the-art Service and Parts development at North Gosford has consolidated our operations and increased our levels of customer satisfaction. A similar Service and Parts development at Tuggerah lifted our exposure and service offering in early 2014. A spectacular new showroom development at Tuggerah opened in April 2017.
Our company has built its reputation on providing quality cars and quality service to the people of the Central Coast for over 80 years. We are looking forward with enthusiasm to the future as we continue to grow the business!
Want to stay updated with the latest news and reviews from Mitsubishi? Visit http://www.mitsubishi-motors.com.au/about-us/news-reviews
Booth's Mitsubishi Gosford Service & Parts
North Gosford NSW 2250


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New Collaboration Benefits Women Faculty in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
By medweb on	 Jan 20, 2012
Northwestern University and the University of Chicago have launched the Chicago Collaboration for Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, a three-year effort to enhance the recruitment and advancement of women faculty members in those fields.
"The University of Chicago and Northwestern are vitally concerned about the advancement of women in STEM at our respective institutions, and through this collaboration we have dedicated ourselves to making significant progress," said University of Chicago Provost Thomas Rosenbaum, the John T. Wilson Distinguished Service Professor in Physics.
Important elements of the collaboration involve studying the apparent relative strengths and weaknesses of the respective institutions when it comes to fostering a positive climate for women in STEM, said Northwestern Provost Daniel Linzer.
"As we began working together on this important initiative, we recognized that we could potentially gain some valuable new insights, not just for Northwestern and the University of Chicago, but for other like-minded institutions," Linzer said.
The percentage of tenure-track women in STEM fields in 2010, according to University of Chicago officials, were basic biological sciences, 23 percent; physical sciences, 10 percent; and social sciences, 29 percent. The percentage of tenure-track women in STEM fields at Northwestern for the same period were biological sciences, 20 percent; engineering, 11 percent; physical sciences, 14 percent; and social sciences, 36 percent.
Skill Building and Networking
The new collaboration for women in STEM includes two yearlong programs: Navigating the Professoriate, for tenure-eligible faculty members; and Beyond Tenure, for tenured associate professors and professors.
"Networking is an important aspect of the programs," said Mary Harvey, associate provost for program development at University of Chicago.
"This is partly about helping women advance into leadership roles. It's also very much about helping them develop their networks. In some disciplines in the sciences, women are few and far between, and they feel a tremendous sense of isolation," she said. "It's also about recruitment, because having a vigorous program like this in place will help us bring more women scientists onto our faculty."
The Navigating the Professoriate program is designed for tenure-track assistant professors in the biological, physical and social sciences, and in engineering. Northwestern offered Navigating the Professoriate in 2007 and 2009, and now the program is being offered as a joint program with University of Chicago for the first time.
"The genesis of the idea came from an existing program in one of our biological sciences departments," said Katherine Faber, the Walter P. Murphy Professor in Materials Science and Engineering at Northwestern's McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science. "That program was designed to help graduate students and postdoctoral scientists prepare for the professoriate."
"In planning for a National Science Foundation proposal the notion came up that pre-tenure faculty members might also find some of those skill-building sessions useful," Faber said.
The program began Oct. 26 with a session on "The Art of Negotiating," led by Victoria Medvec, executive director of Northwestern's Center for Executive Women and the Adeline Barry Davee Professor of Management and Organizations at the Kellogg School of Management.
"Statistically it's fairly well documented that, on average, women do not negotiate as often or as well as their male counterparts," Faber said. "Just in knowing that and learning a few negotiating skills, I think our female faculty feel much more confident in their ability to negotiate things like salary and space."
The Beyond Tenure program kicked off Oct. 17 with a session titled "What's Next: Imagining Your Career." The program was designed to help tenured professors in the biological, physical, and social sciences become architects of their own destiny.
"The idea of taking the long view of your own career and figuring out what you need to do to get there after you've already gained a level of success is really a new perspective for many women," said Peggy Mason, one of the program's organizers and a professor of neurobiology at University of Chicago.
Women can decide to continue what they have already been doing, but other choices might include becoming a department head or dean, taking a leadership role in a professional society, directing a center, or starting a company.
The effectiveness of the programs is being assessed via questionnaires administered to participants before and after each session.
"I think we need more of this type of information to figure out how to improve our offerings and also to allow us to begin to think about how to move forward with other programs for STEM women," Faber said.
The Jan. 18 Navigating the Professoriate program focused on developing mentoring and management skills for scientists and engineers. The next Beyond Tenure program, on Jan. 31, will explore how women scientists can work effectively with reporters and broadcasters to get public attention for their research.
Persistent Collaborators
University of Chicago and Northwestern have been working for years toward their new collaboration for women in STEM. Both institutions had unsuccessfully sought ADVANCE grant funding from the National Science Foundation, twice independently and the third time jointly, to develop systematic approaches for improving the recruitment, promotion, and retention of women in STEM careers. The provosts of both institutions then decided to self-fund the joint initiative.
Even though the Northwestern-University of Chicago ADVANCE grant application was not funded, "we thought that the ideas were good enough and that the opportunities for collaboration were interesting enough and potentially impactful enough that we should pursue them anyhow," Harvey said.
The new collaboration is a beneficial result of the joint application to NSF, agreed James Young, MD, associate provost and professor of medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.
"We'll look back and feel how fortunate it was that we came together to do this and not focus on the fact that we didn't get funding the first time around," Young predicted.
Members of the media, please contact Megan Fellman via e-mail or at (847) 491-3115 for more information about this story.
Balancing Act: The Science of Inflammation
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The 11th annual New York Times Travel Show will take place Feb. 28-March 2, 2014, at the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center in New York City. A special trade day, sponsored by travAlliancemedia, parent of TravelPulse.com, is scheduled for Friday, Feb. 28.
The Trade Day, designed for travel agents and travel industry executives, will feature seminars on a wide variety of travel products, destinations and technology. The Travel Show, sponsored by American Express, will then be open to the general public on Saturday, March 1, and Sunday, March 2, with on-site travel experts and special offers exclusive to The New York Times Travel Show.
This year's Travel Show will highlight experiences in family travel, adventure travel and cruising, including a question and answer site with on-site travel experts and the Travel Show's Taste of the World, a culinary stage with cuisines from around the world.
Speakers will include veteran travel writers Arthur Frommer and Pauline Frommer; Julia Dimon, travel journalist and host of "World Travels" on National Geographic Adventure; travel author Patricia Schultz; and Brian Kelly, travel tip expert and founder of "The Points Guy." For more information on the program, click on The New York Times Travel Show.


text:
Villages in Almeria
Padules
Padules – Alto Andarax Region
Padules is a beautiful town belonging to the Alto Andarax, located to the west of the province, in a farming area, whose main wealth is the cultivation of vineyards and olive. Its urban appearance still preserves a harmony and traditional features, giving it an air of peace and tranquillity, enhanced by the Church with Mudejar style.
The municipality limits with: Almócita, Dalias, Canjayar and Beires.
Padules's population, due to the proximity of the remaining 22 towns in the region of Andarax, has been immersed in the historical processes of the region, like all other towns.
One of the violent changes in the area was the revolt of the Moors and the subsequent repopulation, which took place with old castilians. In this area most of the settlers came from Andalusia, because El Andarax was repopulated in 1574 by 810 people, who were spread across the four Tahas.
Andalusia contributed 283 inhabitants, accounting for 34.9% of the total. The current area of Castilla-La Mancha with 195 settlers, that represents the 23,9%. The third most important contribution is the one of Valencia, with 131 settlers, 16.1% of the total. These regions are followed by Murcia, Castilla-León, Extremadura and Galicia. From the Andalusian area, Jaén will provide the majority of the population, 59.7%, followed by Granada, with 21.9%, Córdoba with 11.3% and Seville with a 7%.
Another fundamental fact that the town of Padules lived, like the rest of the region and the province, was the decline of population due to the migration that was done to more prosperous areas of Spain and abroad. In the specific case of Padules and the region of Andarax, the situation was more difficult, since the fall of vine cultivation led to the departure of most of the population.
This fall in grape production had like origin a global event, the World War I that changed the international economy and greatly hindered the trade between countries.
This brought for the grape the loss of markets and restrictions on its entry into other markets, obstacles to which were added the difficulties created by lack of transport ships and even problems for cultivation, sometimes because of lack of money and others by the lack of some essential commodities, essential raw materials, fertilizer or sulphur, among others.
The result of all these factors were some years in which the grape production was generally below the level reached since the beginning of the century and campaigns that proved disastrous because of poor sales made from grapes, with prices that often does not even cover expenses.
The crisis in the export of grapes resulted in immediate deterioration of the difficult conditions of life in the region, destabilizing the relationship between resources and population and produced a significant fall in population.
Between 1910 and 1920 the population throughout the region declined from 53.554 to 45.717 people, which is a big population stage at that time, if we consider that one of the most important and prosperous towns of the province, Berja, had in 1910 with 12.345 inhabitants.
This situation caused a decline in the population of the area, which was reflected in a gradual abandon of the towns, which were then retrieved years later, by neighbours who returned on holidays or by a gradual recovery of the population census.
Despite these ups and downs, the town has preserved its unique beauty and rich lands, which provide it with enormous appeals for the agriculture.
Sierra Nevada Natural Park
Padules Monuments
Parish Church of Santa María la Mayor, XVI century. The original church was burned in 1568. It was rebuilt a few years later. The interior is decorated with armchairs made of chestnut logs and the font of a piece of mill.
Small city centre in La Alpujarra.
Fennel broth. Peeled wheat porridge. Chard soup. Fry the rabbit. Omelette of campions. Light red wine (homemade).
Sweets: Gurullos. Merengues (a confection of sugar and white of eggs). Soplillos (Crapes, a thin stuff). Pan dormido. Grape juice bread.
You have to exit Almería towards Huércal de Almería, cross this one and continue on Highway 340. Continue towards Almería – E-15 – N-340 – Nijar – Murcia. At the roundabout take the salida 1 and continue along: A-92A towards: A-92 – Benahadux – Guadix. Continue along: A-92A, follow the signs until Benahadux then you have to exit Benahadux. Continue along: A-348. Cross Alhama de Almería and continue to Illar, from here follow the signs until Canjáyar. Then exit Canjáyar and continue straight on until you get Padules.
Íllar 17 km
Beires 3 km
Ohanes 11 km
Fondón 11 km
Benecid 11 km
Canjáyar 5 km
Almería 49 km
Alboloduy 31 km
Almócita 1,8 km
Alhama de Almería 25 km
jose maria sanchez rodrigo escribio:
buenos dias, por favor, me pueden enviar por @ la descripcion o mapita de laa ruta , sendero Tejar – Lanillo del Majuelo.
Sendero Padules – Cordel de la Carretera SL-A 171
diganme si son faciles y estan marcadas por balizas,para ir con niños y cuanto se tardaria en hacer las dos rutas descritas antes, gracias y un saludo.. Jose Maria Sanchez Rodrigo


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text:
Plagiarism or Collaboration?
Another contribution to the growing debate on what constitutes plagiarism, and how to interpret it, in a new age of Web-enabled learning and Web-based publishing and collaboration, has appeared in the form of a new book titled, Originality, Imitation, and Plagiarism: Teaching Writing in the Digital Age, and edited by Caroline Eisner and Martha Vicinus. The editors of the volume were recently interviewed by Scott Jaschik in the April 3, 2008, issue of Inside Higher Ed. One of the more significant paragraphs in the article for me was this one:
"Gilbert Omenn, points out, theft of ideas rather than words is far more serious in the sciences. Ironically, the policy of anonymous reviewing may make it easier for a senior reviewer to steal some of the best ideas from, say, an NIH proposal written by a junior researcher. Many years ago I was involved in the case of an MFA student who had used several phrases from another student's poem; in this case, a dozen words seemed to constitute plagiarism. Law school students are taught to use their own words when discussing legal cases and writing up briefs, but once they graduate and join a law firm, they turn to past precedents and use the wording from previous cases. These distinctions can be very confusing to students. I think we need to be much more explicit about the context and audience for whom we are writing; this will help students who often think that their only audience is their professor."
Indeed, the lines of distinction do become blurred.
Cutting and pasting from a single source, without attribution, meets most definitions of plagiarism, but the problem for me is that it shows laziness and disinterest in the subject matter. Of course, the reasons may in fact be neither, but the point again for me as a teacher is that the student should then make some hard decisions about where they are and where they want to be. If too many competing obligations mean that they do not have time to do their work carefully and to nurture their own interests and show curiosity about the world, then they should be settlling their competing obligations and deferring advanced study for a time when they can make the most of it. They should be enchanted with producing knowledge, and the single-source example of what I call, as a shorthand, "lazy plagiarism", shows the contrary.
But what about more complex and nuanced forms of plagiarism, those that involve use of a great many sources, with attribution to boot? Indeed, my university has a plagiarism policy that includes a very ambiguous notion of "insufficient paraphrasing", without any clear guidelines of when something has been paraphrased enough, and even with full and precise attribution it still constitutes "plagiarism". Now this is a policy that I find strains the patience and credulity of most colleagues and students. There is no "theft" here, and quite a lot of work on the part of the student. Indeed it forms the essence of most literature reviews. At some point, plagiarism becomes dialogue and collaboration, and we need to have enough sensitivity not to haul students before committees designed to exact penalties.
We also need to strongly challenge the sillier notions of plagiarism, such as "self-plagiarism" that are clearly derivative of contemporary capitalism's copyright culture. I have been found guilty of this when preparing a recent set of articles–for a long time I worked from a single database of my own notes, and I am not surprised to see that I said the exact same thing the exact same way, about a given detail, event, etc. Here "self-plagiarism" was raised by a publisher not in the sense of "theft" but of copyright violations — that I would need the permission of the other, previous, publishers for me to use my own words. I have become the non-owning owner of my own words.
For those interested in the volume, here is the Table of Contents:
Caroline Eisner and Martha Vicinus 1
Choosing Metaphors
Jessica Litman 13
On Ethical Issues in Publishing in the Life Sciences
Gilbert S. Omenn 27
Reviewing the Author-Function in the Age of Wikipedia
Amit Ray and Erhardt Graeff 39
Internet and Open-Access Publishing in Physics Research
Gordon Kane 48
Do Thesis Statements Short-Circuit Originality in Students' Writing?
Anne Berggren 53
Cloud Gate: Challenging Reproducibility
Jeff Ward 64
Genres as Forms of In(ter)vention
Anis Bawarshi 79
When Copying Is Not Copying: Plagiarism and French Composition Scholarship
Christiane Donahue 90
The Dynamic Nature of Common Knowledge
Amy England 104
Instinctual Ballast: Imitation and Creative Writing
Christina Pugh 114
The Anthology as a Literary Creation: On Innovation and Plagiarism in Textual Collections
Christopher M. Kuipers 122
Economies of Plagiarism: The i-Map and Issues of Ownership in Information Gathering
Kim Walden and Alan Peacock 133
"Fair Use," Copyright Law, and the Composition Teacher
Martine Courant Rife 145
History and the Disciplining of Plagiarism
Michael Grossberg 159
Plagiarism and Copyright Infringement: The Costs of Confusion
Laura J. Murray 173
Plagiarism, a Turnitin Trial, and an Experience of Cultural Disorientation
Lisa Emerson 183
Academic Plagiarism and the Limits of Theft
Stefan Senders 195
Insider Writing: Plagiarism-Proof Assignments
Lynn Z. Bloom 208
Plagiarism across Cultures: Is There a Difference?
Joel Bloch 219
Framing Plagiarism
Linda Adler-Kassner, Chris M. Anson,
and Rebecca Moore Howard 231
Selected Bibliography 247
COLLABORATION, RESTRUCTURING KNOWLEDGECaroline Eisner, copyright, Martha Vicinus, Originality Imitation and Plagiarism, Teaching Writing in the Digital AgeMaximilian C. Forte1 comment
International Student Ethnographic Film Festival, 2008, London
Indigeneity, Créolité, and Independence: Mylène Priam
One thought on "Plagiarism or Collaboration?"
Pingback: Is the "lone researcher" a myth? « OPEN ANTHROPOLOGY


text:
An Ahmadi claimed prophethood in late-1901 or early 1902, and was boycotted by Ahmadis–Chiragh Din of Jammu (Jamooni)
I have researched the split in the Ahmadiyya movement very closely…somehow, Mahmud Ahmad and Muhammad Ali purposely avoided talking about Chiragh Din of Jammu (Jamooni) and his claim of prophethood which caused MGA to ex-communicate him and to organize a boycott against him.
What's really interesting here is that MGA had just claimed prophethood in Nov 1901, with the publishing of his announcement, "Eik Ghalti Ka Izala". Amrohi had even written a letter to some people who didn't quite understand this "change in belief" that MGA had just done, his letter can be found here: https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.wordpress.com/2016/09/30/maulvi-abdul-kareem-claims-prophethood-per-mga-maulvi-amrohi-disagrees/, an additional essay can be found here:
Chiragh deen of jammu claimed prophethood and mirza boycotted charagh deen (ref: ruhani khazain, vol 18 page 242). MGA published an ad in rohani khazain about charagh deen jamu to inform everyone that he is no more in his community or in jamaat e ahmdiya. (ref: rohani khazain vol 18. page 239). Chiragh Deen doesnt seem to show up in any additional ahmadi sources…..stay tuned for more on this.
Another source
See "Haqiqatul Wahy", online english edition, page: 289
""""Thus, first, Maulawi Rusul Baba, resident of Amritsar is worth mentioning who wrote a book in my refutation; he used very abusive language and lied out of love for this temporary life. Eventually, in keeping with the promise of God, he was destroyed by the plague. After him, there was another person named Muhammad Bakhsh, a Deputy Inspector at Batala, who girded up his loins for hostility and persecution. He too died of the plague. After him another person,
named Charagh Din of Jammu, arose. He claimed to be a Messenger. He referred to me as the Dajjal [Antichrist] and claimed that during a dream, Hadrat 'Isa had given him his staff that he might kill this Dajjal with the staff of 'Isa. He, too, along with both of his sons died of plague
on 4 April 1906 in accordance with my prophecy that was specifically about him and was published during his lifetime in my booklet Dafi'ul-Bala'i wa Mi'yaru Ahlil-Istifa'. Where did the staff of 'Isa go with which he sought to kill me? And what happened to his 'revelation', namely اّنی لمن المرسلین ['I indeed am of the Messengers']? Alas! Most people pronounce their egoistic suggestions to be revelation prior to self-purification. This is why they eventually die in ignominy and disgrace.""""
http://www.aaiil.org/text/books/mga/correctionerrorekghaltikaizala/importantdocumentscorrectionerror.shtml
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.wordpress.com/2016/10/16/the-causes-of-internal-dissensions-in-the-ahmadiyya-movement-by-kwaja-kamaluddin-1914/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2018/08/01/prophethood-among-the-followers-of-muhammad-by-maulana-sayyid-muhammad-ahsan-of-amroha-oct-1913-in-tashhizul-azhan/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2017/05/20/an-ahmadi-claimed-prophethood-in-late-1901-or-early-1902-and-was-boycotted-by-ahmadis-chiragh-din-of-jammu-jamooni/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2016/09/30/maulvi-abdul-kareem-claims-prophethood-per-mga-maulvi-amrohi-disagrees/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2019/01/13/what-is-arbain-a-book-by-mga-and-his-team-of-writers/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2018/04/23/in-1891-when-mga-made-his-big-claims-he-denied-prophethood-mufti-sadiq-was-heavily-involved/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2017/12/09/mirza-ghulam-ahmad-was-considered-a-kafir-in-1884-before-his-wild-claims/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2017/12/26/some-rare-books-from-the-1901-1902-era-which-refute-mgas-claim-to-prophethood/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2016/09/30/maulvi-sanuallah-acknowledges-that-mga-claimed-prophethood-in-nov-1901/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2017/10/12/mirza-sultan-ahmad-son-of-hazrat-mirza-ghulam-ahmad-on-finality-of-prophethood/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2016/12/11/eik-ghalti-ka-izala-aka-correction-of-an-error-was-re-published-on-march-1-1914/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2017/01/16/hani-tahir-explains-mirza-ghulam-ahmads-prophethood-and-pre-1901-vs-post-1901/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2017/11/21/a-few-months-after-becoming-khalifa-mirza-mahmud-ahmad-waffled-on-his-fathers-prophethood/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2016/06/27/do-ahmadis-believe-in-the-same-kalima-as-muslims/
https://ahmadiyyafactcheckblog.com/2016/09/30/mga-explains-how-he-misunderstood-his-prophethood-in-1880-and-realized-it-later-on/
8 thoughts on "An Ahmadi claimed prophethood in late-1901 or early 1902, and was boycotted by Ahmadis–Chiragh Din of Jammu (Jamooni)"
Maulvi Muhammad Ahsan Amrohi lived exclusively in MGA's house – ahmadiyyafactcheckblog
Mufti Muhammad Sadiq says: We don't preach Hazrat Mirza's prophethood – ahmadiyyafactcheckblog


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Q: Faust streaming agent slow to 'wake up' after idle period I have a pipeline where a message is produced to topic A, which is processed by a stream processor and sends enriched data to topic B.
Topic B is consumed by 3 other stream processors which independently perform a small part of the calculation (to reduce the load on a single processor) and forward their enriched data onto a new topic. The final processor reads from all 3 new topics and send this data on to web clients via web sockets.
It all works well but if the system sits idle for 30 minutes or so with no new messages it can sometimes take up to 10 seconds to get to the end of the pipeline. When operating normally this time has been in the order of 10-20ms.
Every stream processor uses tables to refer to previous data and determine how to enrich going forward, so I'm not sure whether accessing this table slows if there's no need to access it over time?
If so, it seems a silly workaround, but it might be possible to use a timer to send a dummy dataset to trigger each worker to stay alive and alert.
Below is a print output of the time difference from the message initiation to the arrival time at the end of the pipeline:
[2022-05-23 08:52:46,445] [10340] [WARNING] 0:00:00.017999
[2022-05-23 08:53:03,469] [10340] [WARNING] 0:00:00.025995
[2022-05-23 09:09:46,774] [10340] [WARNING] 0:00:06.179146

I wonder whether using any of the settings available to either brokers or agents noted on this page will be of use here? If anyone knows, please let me know.
UPDATE
So I ran tests where i use the @app.time option to send a dummy/test message through the entire pipeline every second and never had an instance of slow send times. I also updated the way things work to directly talk to the app using the @app.page() decorator rather than a FastAPI endpoint to try send to the topic and this did mean I never saw a delay greater than 2 seconds. But the same thing did still happen where if it sat idle for a while then received a new message it took almost exactly 2 seconds (plus change) to do it's thing. This really starts to look like an agent throttles it's poll or kafka throttles an agent's connection if the throughput is low.

A: It appears that the issue stems from a setting on Kafka for both consumers and producers which basically closes the connection if they haven't sent/consumed messages within the designated time frame.
In Faust, you access this and set it up when you define the app like so:
app.conf.producer_connections_max_idle_ms
app.conf.consumer_connections_max_idle_ms

and set it to something appropriate. I understand that this setting is probably left low (9 mins by default) for large dynamic clusters to release resources or memory (or something) but in our use case with a small cluster that will remain static in terms or architecture and design, it's not an issue (I think) to increase this from 9 minutes to 12 or 24 hours.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Block diagonal matrix from columns Suppose I have an m x n matrix A .
Is there a way to create B, a (n x m) x n matrix whose "diagonal" is formed by A's columns ?
Example:
A = [1 2;
     3 4]

B = [1 0;
     3 0;
     0 2;
     0 4]

A: Here is a way:

*

*Convert A to a cell array of its columns, using mat2cell;

*From that cell array generate a comma-separated list, and use it as an input to blkdiag.

Code:
A = [1 2; 3 4];                                   %// example data
C = mat2cell(A, size(A,1), ones(1,size(A,2)));    %// step 1
B = blkdiag(C{:});                                %// step 2

This produces
B =
     1     0
     3     0
     0     2
     0     4

A: Here is a short script to accomplish this. It works for any dimensions of A.
A=[1 2; 3 4];
[R C] = size(A);

for i=1:C
    B( 1+R*(i-1) : R*i , i ) = A(:,i);
end


text:
To find your local Shepherd's branch, click below.
View Branch
Want to know more about our talented team? Follow the link below.
Shepherd kicks surveying from the sidelines into touch with rugby sponsorship
Shepherd Chartered Surveyors has kicked surveying from the sidelines firmly into touch by committing to sponsor Allan Glen's RFC in support of two of its surveying staff who are members of the Bishopbriggs-based rugby union club.
Formerly connected with Allan Glen's School, the rugby club continued after the school closed in 1989 and now runs a 1st and 2nd XV and various youth sides.
And last Saturday Shepherd Managing Partner Steve Barnett and Head of Hospitality Gary Louttit attended a sponsors day to watch two of their fellow surveyors (Alasdair McConnell, graduate surveyor in Glasgow Commercial and Jack Heneghan, Hardies, Glasgow) play their part in Allan Glen's 1st XV win over local rivals Lenzie RFC 38 – 18.
After the game, the victorious Shepherd contingent were joined by Al Kellock. The legendary former Allan Glen's, Scotland, Barbarians, Edinburgh and Glasgow Warriors player expressed his delight to see Shepherd support 'grass roots' rugby in the local community of Bishopbriggs.
Steve Barnett said: "I'm delighted that our sponsorship of Allan Glen's RFC should kick off with a tremendous victory over their local rivals and congratulate Alasdair, Jack and the rest of the team on their efforts.
"And it was fantastic to receive the support of rugby legend Al Kellock, particularly as he started his playing career at Allan Glen's and continues to regularly attend games at such a strong community club."
Photo LtoR Gary Louttit, Alasdair McConnell, Jack Heneghan, Steve Barnett and Al Kellock
For further information please contact Steve Barnett on tel 0141 331 2807


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
International Plant Names Index

#### Published in
null

#### Original name
Doria linearifolia DC.

### Remarks
null


text:
Virginia girl found dead in Surry County believed to have been stabbed to death
by: CNN Wire
Posted: Feb 2, 2016 / 02:10 PM EST / Updated: Feb 2, 2016 / 05:33 PM EST
Suspects on right: David E. Eisenhauer and Natalie Marie Keepers face charges in connection to the death of 13-year-old Nicole Madison Lovell (pictured left).
BLACKSBURG, Va. -- Authorities in Virginia say middle-schooler Nicole Madison Lovell was killed on the same day she was abducted, with a prosecutor saying Tuesday that the preliminary cause of death is stabbing.
Suspects on right: David E. Eisenhauer, 18, and Natalie Marie Keepers, 19, face charges in connection to the death of 13-year-old Nicole Madison Lovell (pictured left).
Authorities believe Virginia Tech student David E. Eisenhauer, the alleged killer, had help not just after the 13-year-old Blacksburg girl was dead, but before.
Another student at the university, Natalie M. Keepers -- who already is charged with concealing a body and being an accessory to murder after the fact -- now faces an additional charge of being an accessory to murder before the fact, Montgomery County Commonwealth's Attorney Mary Pettitt said.
Nicole went missing early on January 27, spurring an extensive search that led to the discovery of her body Saturday in a wooded area off N.C. 89 in Surry County, North Carolina.
By that point, Eisenhauer, 18, was already in custody. He faced abduction and murder charges tied to crimes that authorities now think all occurred last Wednesday.
Eisenhauer faces a sentence of 20 years to life if convicted for first-degree murder, the same sentence 19-year-old Keepers could face if convicted of accessory before the fact.
During an emotional statement Tuesday, Nicole's mother, Tammy Weeks, talked about how the girl she called "Coley" had consistently beat the odds.
First, there was a rare tumor in her liver that was diagnosed as a baby. Then there was a lymphoma fight that led relatives to think they'd "almost lost her a second time." And third, there was a bout with acute respiratory syndrome and antibiotic-resistant staphylococcus that led doctors to give her a mere 1% chance to make it.
Somehow, Nicole survived all that. Her biggest victory of all may have been having a normal life, as someone who loved pandas and dancing, and dreaming of making it big on "American Idol."
"Nicole was a very lovable person," her mother said. "Nicole touched many people throughout her short life."
At that point, a trembling, sobbing Weeks abruptly left the press podium and the room. Josh Blankenship, a pastor at Auburn Baptist Church, finished her statement.
"Our hearts still ache in sadness and secret tears still flow," Blankenship said. "What it meant to lose you, no one will ever know."
Victim described as 'cutest little thing'
Earlier, Blacksburg police Chief Anthony Wilson spent part of Tuesday morning speaking with Weeks, leaving the family's apartment around 10:45 a.m.
Outside the ground-floor unit, one of 120 or so in the Lantern Ridge Apartments complex, there was evidence of more carefree times: a bicycle, a yellow Tonka truck, a few plastic chairs. A small bouquet of pink and white flowers rested on a table, in the low 40-something temperatures, a reminder of the family's inconceivable loss.
As Nicole's friend Sarah Bradbury told CNN affiliate WBDJ this past weekend, "I didn't think that would happen to her because she was always the cutest little thing."
Earlier, Weeks described her daughter to The Washington Post as "a typical student" at Blacksburg Middle School despite all her past health struggles. She dealt with bullies over her weight and scars, according to her mother.
The university the suspects attended dominates Blacksburg. Lantern Ridge sits amid the maze of mostly student housing roughly a half mile from Main Street, which goes downtown to the Virginia Tech campus.
Despite their age difference, Eisenhauer -- a celebrated cross-country runner in Columbia, Maryland, prior to coming to Virginia Tech -- at least knew Nicole before her disappearance, according to police.
"We have determined that Eisenhauer and Nicole were acquainted prior to her disappearance," Blacksburg police Lt. Mike Albert told reporters last weekend. "Eisenhauer used this relationship to his advantage to abduct and then kill her."
Police arrested Eisenhauer student late Friday night. He was already facing charges the next morning, before Nicole's body was found.
Eisenhauer did not lead authorities to the body, according to Blacksburg's police chief, nor did he confess to murder. Still, authorities managed to piece things together after sorting through social media, exploring 300-plus tips and searching for other information pertinent to the case.
"These are the kind of crimes," Wilson said last weekend, "that rip communities apart."
Trademark and Copyright 2021 Cable News Network, Inc., a Time Warner Company. All rights reserved.


Spring has officially sprung, and that's great news for weather forecast. But it also means spring cleaning, which can be unfortunate and frustrating for some. This year though, there's a pretty exciting incentive to make cleaning out your house a little easier!
You've probably heard of American Pickers right? It's a show on the History Channel that follows Mike Wolfe and Frank Fritz as they travel around the nation to buy or "pick" various items for resale, for clients, or for their personal collections.
Those items that are put up for resale are sent to one of their Antique Archaeology store locations. As it so happens, they have a location in LeClaire! So, in a few weeks, the guys are going to go picking through Iowa.
If you know of anything, or have some things of your own for the team to look at, you can contact them at: americanpickers@cineflix.com or call 855-OLD-RUST. Your old stuff might just get you on TV!


text:
Mac › Tags ›server
Design & Photo
Relevance Popularity Rating
SQL Server Native Client is a stand-alone data access application programming...
in SQL Server 2005. SQL Server Native Client...platform. While SQL Server Native Client
SQL Server Management Objects (SMO) is a collection of objects that are designed...
with SQL Server 2005, SQL Server 2008, SQL Server 2008 R2
Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio Express
SQL Server 2005 Express Edition is the free version of the line of database managers from Microsoft SQL Server...
on the server and (2) SQL Server configuration Manager...the SQL Server database. SQL Server 2005
Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Books Online
SQL Server Books Online covers the concepts and procedures required to use SQL Server effectively...
release of Microsoft SQL Server, provides a comprehensive data platform
Easy File Sharing Web Server
EFS Software, Inc.
Easy File Sharing Web Server is a Windows program that allows you...
HTTP/HTTPS Web Server, multi-threads...Bulletin Board System, Server Script system
Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 Books Online
Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Release 2 (R2), formerly known as SQL Server Code...
formerly known as SQL Server Code-Named "Kilimanjaro...and features in SQL Server. Procedural topics
SQL Server Recovery Toolbox
Recovery Toolbox, Inc.
Recovery Toolbox for SQL Server opens damaged files with mdf extension...
of Microsoft SQL Server should be performed...Toolbox for SQL Server was designed
WinAgents TFTP Server
WinAgents Software Group
WinAgents TFTP Server for Windows is a full-featured TFTP server for Windows...
TFTP server for Windows. WinAgents TFTP Server...Using WinAgents TFTP Server, you can make
Sysax Multi Server
CodeOrigin, LLC
Sysax Multi Server is a Secure FTP Server and SSH2 Secure Shell Server combined. It simultaneously...
Server specific accounts. Sysax Multi Server enables the execution of server
Xerver Free Web Server
Xerver
Xerver Free Web Server 4.3 is a web and FTP server based on java. Some features includes...
Web Server 4.3 is a web and FTP server...allowed in your server. This web server provides
QK SMTP Server
SMTP Server Software
QK SMTP Server is a mail server based on the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol...
QK SMTP Mail Server shows the current...offers a good guide. QKSMTP Server works on Windows 98
Bopup Communication Server
Instant Messaging (IM) server for internal and secure collaboration over corporate...
MS SQL Server software. The communication server include...Bopup Communication Server
WinConnect Server XP
ThinSoft Pte Ltd.
WinConnect Server XP enables a Windows Small Business Server 2003 (32-bit), Windows Server 2003 (32-bit) or Windows XP (32-bit)...
enables a Windows Small Business Server 2003 (32-bit)...Windows Server 2003 (32-bit)
Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Upgrade Advisor
Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Upgrade Advisor analyzes instances of SQL Server 7.0 and SQL Server 2000 in preparation...
instances of SQL Server 7.0 and SQL Server 2000...for upgrading to SQL Server 2005. Upgrade
Devart dotConnect for SQL Server
dotConnect for SQL Server is an enhanced database connectivity solution built over ADO.NET architecture. It offers complete...
dotConnect for SQL Server...Visual Studio, SQL Server Business Intelligence Solutions, ASP
Wing FTP Server is an enterprise FTP Server software supporting multiple file transfer protocols...
FTP Server is an enterprise FTP Server...also monitor the server performance
Advanced SQL Server Documentation Generator
Advanced Reliable Software, Inc.
Advanced SQL Server Documentation Generator is a relational database utility that automates...
SQL Server 2000, Microsoft SQL Server 2005, Microsoft SQL Server 2005
MailMessenger Email Server
JL Creative Software
The MailMessenger Email Server is a high performance, multi-threaded email server for Windows 2000/2003/XP/Vista...
the MailMessenger Email Server Administrator. Support...another internal server or a backup server
HSLAB HTTP Monitor
Handy Software Lab
HSLAB HTTP Monitor is a handy real-time performance monitoring and statistics analysis software application for Apache...
application for Apache servers, which...connection tree), server operations distribution
AA Mail Server
AA Mail Server is mail server sofware with dedicated database based on Windows mail server...
Windows mail server. It's a webmail server...AA Mail Server mainly including following
Database Free FTP Server Mail Server Microsoft Microsoft SQL Microsoft SQL Server Sql SQL Server SQL Server 2005
Submit/Update app


Since occupying the Palestinian West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and Gaza during the June 1967 war, Israel has imprisoned nearly a million Palestinians, including nonviolent human rights activists, in an attempt to crush any resistance to its military rule and theft of Palestinian land for its illegal settlement enterprise. As a result, nearly every Palestinian in the occupied territories has had loved ones imprisoned by Israel.
Since 1967, Israel has imprisoned more than 800,000 Palestinians from the occupied territories. According to prisoners' rights group Addameer, as of May 2017 there were 6,200 Palestinian political prisoners in Israeli jails.
While Israeli settlers living in the same land are subject to Israeli civil law, Palestinians are tried in a military court system that human rights organizations have condemned as falling far short of the minimum standards required for a fair trial, which has a conviction rate of more than 99%.
Israel imprisons hundreds of Palestinian children each year, frequently taking them from their homes in the middle of the night to be violently interrogated without a lawyer or their parents present, and coercing them into signing confessions written in Hebrew, which most don't understand. As noted by Human Rights Watch in a 2016 statement: "Palestinian children are treated in ways that would terrify and traumatize an adult… Screams, threats, and beatings are no way for the police to treat a child or to get accurate information from them." According to Addameer, as of May 2017 there were 300 Palestinian children imprisoned by Israel.
Israel also imprisons nonviolent Palestinian human rights defenders. In 2011, Amnesty International declared Palestinian human rights activist Abdallah Abu Rahmah a prisoner of conscience after he was imprisoned by Israel "solely for the peaceful exercise of his right to freedom of expression and assembly" while protesting the encroachment of settlers onto the land of his village of Bil'in in the occupied West Bank. Amnesty International declared Palestinian human rights defender Bassem Tamimi a prisoner of conscience after he was imprisoned in 2011 and again in 2012 for peacefully protesting the theft of his West Bank village's lands by Israeli settlers. Israel is currently attempting to prosecute Palestinian human rights defender Issa Amro on trumped up charges that have been condemned as "baseless" by Amnesty International.
Israel also imprisons Palestinians without charge or trial using secret evidence through a procedure known as "administrative detention." Administrative detention orders are normally issued for periods of up to six months and can be extended indefinitely. Since 1967, Israel has used administrative detention against Palestinians more than 50,000 times. According to Addameer, as of May 2017, 490 Palestinians were being held in administrative detention. Although there are none currently being held in administrative detention, in the past Israel has used the procedure against Palestinian children as well. Israel's use of administrative detention has been widely condemned by human rights organizations such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch.
Israel imprisons most Palestinians from the occupied territories inside Israel in violation of international law, which prohibits the transfer of prisoners out of occupied lands. Most Palestinians in the occupied territories are barred from entering Israel. As a result, many Palestinians, particularly from Gaza, are unable to visit family members imprisoned by Israel.
For further reference, see our recently released fact sheets, Israeli Restrictions on Palestinian Movement, Israeli Settlements & Settlers, Israel's Theft & Destruction of Palestinian Land & Homes, 50 Years of Israeli Military Rule, and The Legal Status of Jerusalem.


text:
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Molecule Overview
Molecule I
Molecule II
Molecule III
Prof. Anne Marie Healy
Co-Principal Investigator & Medicine Theme Leader
Professor in Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology in the School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin (TCD). B.Sc. in Pharmacy and a Ph.D. in Pharmaceutics. Elected Fellow of Trinity College in 2010. Over twenty five years' experience in pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical technology and drug delivery research. More than 90 peer reviewed publications. Has graduated 16 PhD students and mentored 22 postdoctoral researchers.
The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals
Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland.
Funded Investigators
Copyright SSPC


This Labour TENS machine offers maximum pain relief during childbirth. It boasts a large display, pre-set modes and most importantly the "Boost Button". In fact it is because of its effectiveness, simplicity and no-fuss that Elle TENS is one of the worlds most popular choice for mums-to-be.
Not sure how Labour TENS work? Click here we will can explain. TENS machines aren't just for birth! TENS machines have been shown to naturally help improve back pain, neck pain, menstrual pain, postpartum afterpains, pain from surgery (e.g. c-section, ....), shoulder pain from breastfeeding, neuropathy, sports injuries and more!
Please Note: TENS Machines are covered under Private Health cover. You will need to contact your provider to see what benefits you have. If you are a BUPA customer please contact us to find out about our BUPA recognised providers.


text:
Citizen Health & Safety
Revenue & Spending
Open, Accountable Government
Defense Savings Could Partially Offset Sequestration
by Nick Schwellenbach, 7/2/2013
Appropriations, Federal Contracting Policy, Revenue & Spending, Government Matters
Sequestration's blunt approach to spending reductions is bad policy, and legislators from both parties have recognized this and proposed targeted savings at the Department of Defense (DOD) as a partial alternative. The amount of money at stake is significant. DOD and other defense-related spending typically represents more than 50 percent of federal discretionary spending each year.
At the same time, a number of policymakers are arguing that it's time to shift our focus from deficit reduction – which has dominated the policy direction in Washington since at least 2010 – to job growth. Cutting back on federal spending in any form is contrary to the goal of creating more jobs in both the public and private sectors. However, the likelihood of passing new stimulus funding is slim.
Thus, savings at the DOD could be used to preserve or increase spending elsewhere in the federal budget (including within DOD), since economists believe that dollar per dollar, spending on budget areas such as education, health care, or on clean energy creates more jobs on average than defense spending.
In normal years, Congress passes two major pieces of legislation that determine the size, direction, and content of defense spending. So far this year, most of the annual bills that authorize and appropriate funding for the DOD have been unveiled by congressional panels with the notable exception of the Senate Appropriations Committee's version of the defense appropriations bill. But, generally speaking, enough is public to have a good sense of the direction defense spending is heading.
While the overall defense spending level appears to be heading downward along with most of the rest of the government, several proposals for further defense savings have been floated by the White House, the Congressional Budget Office, individual members of Congress, deficit reduction groups, and others, but are not reflected in these bills.
The Center for Effective Government has combed through many of these proposals. Serious additional savings could be found if risky, "exquisite" weapon systems (as former Defense Secretary Robert Gates called them – referring to paying too high of a premium for marginally improved capabilities) are replaced with cheaper, low-risk alternatives or by simply canceling or delaying new weapons if they are currently unnecessary. Other savings can be found with commonsense reforms that have no impact whatsoever on national security but would save the government money.
The following are a handful of proposals – far from comprehensive – that illustrate some of the ways the military could further cut spending. Note: Many of these ten-year savings estimates are from reports that are now a few years old, so the potential savings may now be somewhat different.
Cancel the Ground Combat Vehicle and Upgrade the Bradley Fighting Vehicle
Potential Savings: $24 Billion
The Army is planning to develop the Ground Combat Vehicle (GCV) as a replacement for its Bradley Infantry Fighting Vehicle, which is an armored personnel carrier, at an estimated cost of $29 billion. However, the program's necessity has been questioned. The "least risky and least expensive" of four options considered by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) in an April 2013 report is a proposal to simply cancel the GCV and refurbish and upgrade the Bradleys currently in the Army's inventory. This proposal would save almost $24 billion, according to the CBO.
Cancel the V-22 Osprey and Replace It with Cheaper Helicopters
The V-22 is a controversial and expensive tilt-rotor aircraft built for the Marine Corps and Air Force that can take off like a helicopter and fly like an airplane. It has been beset with technical issues and is expensive on a per unit basis compared with helicopters that can provide most of its capability. Multiple groups and deficit reduction commissions, such as the Simpson-Bowles Fiscal Commission and the Rivlin-Domenici Debt Reduction Task Force, have recommended eliminating the V-22 and replacing it with cheaper helicopters. Last year, the Project On Government Oversight and Taxpayers for Common Sense estimated that a proposal to replace the V-22 "with MH-60 and CH-53 helicopters would save more than $17.1 billion from FY 2013 to FY 2022."
Cancel and Replace the Littoral Combat Ship Program with a Simpler Ship
The Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) is a ship being designed for the Navy to operate in waters relatively close to shore. The ships are meant to fulfill a variety of roles, with so-called "plug and play" mission modules to be used depending on the tasks they are intended to face. The estimated $37 billion program has been plagued by technical problems and huge cost overruns. More fundamentally, many in Congress and within the Navy itself are questioning the LCS concept itself, as there are performance compromises that stem from trying to make the design fulfill too many different roles, as well as excessive complexity built into the program. One retired Navy commander wrote in the U.S. Naval Institute's influential Proceedings journal, "Instead of muddling forward to an almost certainly marginal outcome, the Navy should cancel the LCS program and acquire a proven single-mission hull." A plan by the conservative CATO Institute to terminate the LCS and replace it with "an alternative low-cost frigate or corvette in its place" would save $14 billion, according to its 2010 estimate.
Shut Down Separate DOD Schools that Are No Longer Needed
In communities throughout the U.S., the DOD operates a parallel system of elementary and secondary schools that are far more expensive to run per student than their civilian counterparts. They were originally created because the DOD desegregated earlier than many of the communities it operated in, but this justification no longer exists. "This option could save over $1.1 billion per year and over $10 billion between now and 2022," according to a report by Sen. Tom Coburn (R-OK) based on information from the Congressional Research Service and the President's Fiscal Commission. These savings factor in reimbursements to local school districts, including "$14,000 for an allowance to cover the cost of additional students as well as Impact Aid, a payment to compensate local governments for the loss of property tax revenues because of military bases." This proposal would not affect DOD schools outside of the U.S.
Replace Subsidies to DOD Grocery Stores with Higher Subsistence Compensation
Potential Savings: $9.1 Billion
Coburn also has been a proponent of an alternative developed by the CBO to end subsidies for the DOD's grocery stores and simultaneously supplement the military's Basic Allowance for Subsistence to make up for higher food prices. "DOD could supplement the existing military pay benefit of Basic Allowance for Subsistence (BAS) by this amount and still save $9.1 billion over ten years for deficit reduction or other defense priorities. The benefit could also be designed to provide more money for military members with families," according to a report by Coburn that cites CBO.
Pause Development of a Next-Generation Bomber
The DOD intends to develop and procure 80 to 100 "next generation" long-range strike bombers, projected to cost $6.3 billion between FY 2013 and FY 2017, and billions more afterwards. For fiscal year 2010, the Obama administration initially cancelled the program, arguing there was "no urgent need" for a new bomber because "current aircraft will be able to meet the threats expected in the foreseeable future." However, the administration reversed course. This is unnecessary, according to the Project On Government Oversight and Taxpayers for Common Sense, which wrote that "[d]eferring development of costly and unnecessary next-generation systems saves money and is low-risk because of robust U.S. nuclear- and conventional-bomb delivery capabilities that will be available for decades." Congressional overseers are not on board, at least not yet. The Senate Armed Services Committee wrote in its report accompanying its version of the FY 2014 National Defense Authorization Act that "[a]s the only new aircraft development program planned for the next decade, continued development of the new bomber is essential to maintain U.S. teleological superiority and a highly specialized workforce."
Shrink the Number of Military Bands and Performances
"Former Secretary of Defense Robert Gates often noted that there are more members of Pentagon bands than all U.S. Foreign Service Officers, who are our first line of defense at American embassies around the world," states a Congressional Progressive Caucus budget roadmap. The caucus adds, "Over the past four years the Department of Defense has spent more than $1.5 billion on military bands, musical performances, and concert tours around the world." This completely frivolous and unnecessary area of spending can be shrunk with no impact to national security. Rep. Betsy McCollum (D-MN) has authored legislation that reduces spending on military bands and musical performances from $388 million to $200 million on an annual basis, saving some $1.8 billion over ten years.
All of these ideas run up against interests that benefit from the status quo, and there are certainly arguments for and against making such changes. But these reductions alone would save over $80 billion over the next ten years. It is clear there are numerous ways billions of dollars could be freed up from wasteful and/or unnecessary defense programs for other types of spending that may more broadly benefit Americans.
©2015 Center for Effective Government
This an archive site of the materials produced by the Center for Effective Government (formerly OMB Watch) and is maintained by the Project On Government Oversight.
1100 G Street, NW, Suite 500
Contact POGO


text:
Rucellai Palace
Palazzo Rucellai is a palatial fifteenth-century townhouse on the Via della Vigna Nuova in Florence, Italy. The Rucellai Palace is believed by most scholars to have been designed for Giovanni di Paolo Rucellai by Leon Battista Alberti between 1446 and 1451 and executed, at least in part, by Bernardo Rossellino. Its splendid facade was one of the first to proclaim the new ideas of Renaissance architecture based on the use of pilasters and entablatures in proportional relationship to each other. The Rucellai Palace demonstrates the impact of the antique revival but does so in a manner which is full of Renaissance originality.
The grid-like facade, achieved through the application of a scheme of trabeated articulation, makes a statement of rational humanist clarity.
The stone veneer of this facade is given a channeled rustication and serves as the background for the smooth-faced pilasters and entablatures which divide the facade into a series of three-story bays.


text:
Q: Can a module have its own config file? I just want to know if we can add a config file that extends the main.conf in the module

A: It does, already.  in the CWebModule through $this->setComponents as follows:
<?php

    class AccountModule extends CWebModule
    {
        public function init()
        {
            // this method is called when the module is being created
            // you may place code here to customize the module or the application

            $this->setComponents(array(
                'errorHandler' => array(
                        'errorAction' => 'module/default/error'),
                'defaultController' => 'default',
                'user' => array(
                        'class' => 'ModuleWebUser',
                        'allowAutoLogin'=>true,
                        'loginUrl' => Yii::app()->createUrl('module/default/login'),
                )
            ));

            // import the module-level models and components or any other components..
            $this->setImport(array(
                'module.models.*',
                'module.components.*',
            ));
        }
} ?>

A: The way to do it is to make an array item for your module/etc in the params item of the main config array.
Look at this forum post: http://www.yiiframework.com/forum/index.php/topic/24617-custom-configuration/
if you want your configuration to be in a separate file you can merge it with the main config array in the config file!
something like this should work:
include("custom_config.php"); // define $array_from_custom_conf inside this file
return array_merge(
   array(/*main_config_array from main.php*/),
   $array_from_custom_conf
);

If you put your custom config array as the 2nd argument it will also overwrite attributes from the main config.

A: I've never did it but:

*

*A current solution is provided in a wiki article.

*Regarding this 'feature request', its not a big surprise that this was already requested on Yii's forums. See here and here.


text:
from zmeyka_db_models.base_db_models import *
#from zmeyka_db_models.alexey_logging import write_to_log

#from zmeyka_db_models.base_db_models import delete_users_by_page_id_timestamp
#from zmeyka_db_models.base_db_models import delete_likes_by_page_id_timestamp
#from zmeyka_db_models.base_db_models import delete_comments_by_page_id_timestamp
#from zmeyka_db_models.base_db_models import delete_posts_by_page_id_timestamp

##################### API - COMMENTs TABLE operations ##################

def add_comment(fb_comment_id, fb_user_id = None, fb_page_id = None, fb_post_id = None, comment_text = None, time_updated = None, db_models_timestamp = None):
    try:
        comment = Comment(fb_comment_id = fb_comment_id, fb_user_id = fb_user_id, fb_page_id = fb_page_id, fb_post_id = fb_post_id, comment_text = comment_text, time_updated = time_updated, db_models_timestamp = db_models_timestamp)
        #print (comment)
        print ('add_comment.comment: {}'.format(str(comment)))
        db_session.add(comment)
        db_session.commit()
        return 'OK'
    except Exception as exception_desc:
        db_session.rollback()
        #print (exception_desc)
        write_to_log(exception_desc)
        print ('Exception when adding comment, exception - {}'.format(exception_desc))
        #exit()
        return exception_desc

def get_comment(zm_comment_id = None, fb_comment_id = None):
    comment = Comment
    if zm_comment_id :
        return comment.query.filter(Comment.zm_comment_id==zm_comment_id).all()
    elif comment_id :
        return comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_comment_id==fb_comment_id).all()
    else:
        print ('zm_comment_id or comment_id are not specified')
        return None

def get_comments_by_page_id(fb_page_id):
    try:
        return Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_page_id==fb_page_id).all()
    except Exception as exception_desc:
        db_session.rollback()
        #print (exception_desc)
        write_to_log(exception_desc)
        return exception_desc

def get_all_comments():
    comment = Comment
    try:
        return comment.query.all()
    except Exception as exception_desc:
        db_session.rollback()
        #print (exception_desc)
        write_to_log(exception_desc)
        return exception_desc

def get_comments(fb_page_id = None, db_models_timestamp = None, fb_post_id = None, offset = None, limit = None):
    if offset and limit:
        if fb_page_id:
            if db_models_timestamp :
                try:
                    return Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_page_id==fb_page_id, Comment.db_models_timestamp==db_models_timestamp).offset(offset).limit(limit).all()
                except Exception as exception_desc:
                    write_to_log(exception_desc)
                    return exception_desc
            else:
                try:
                    db_models_timestamp = Page.query.filter(Page.fb_page_id==fb_page_id).order_by(Page.db_models_timestamp.desc()).first().db_models_timestamp
                    return Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_page_id==fb_page_id, Comment.db_models_timestamp==db_models_timestamp).offset(offset).limit(limit).all()
                except Exception as exception_desc:
                    write_to_log(exception_desc)
                    return exception_desc
        elif fb_post_id:
            if db_models_timestamp:
                try:
                    return Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_post_id==fb_post_id, Comment.db_models_timestamp==db_models_timestamp).offset(offset).limit(limit).all()
                except Exception as exception_desc:
                    write_to_log(exception_desc)
                    return exception_desc
            else:
                try:
                    db_models_timestamp = Post.query.filter(Post.fb_post_id==fb_post_id).order_by(Post.db_models_timestamp.desc()).first().db_models_timestamp
                    return Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_post_id==fb_post_id, Comment.db_models_timestamp==db_models_timestamp).offset(offset).limit(limit).all()
                except Exception as exception_desc:
                    write_to_log(exception_desc)
                    return exception_desc
    else:
        if fb_page_id:
            if db_models_timestamp :
                try:
                    return Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_page_id==fb_page_id, Comment.db_models_timestamp==db_models_timestamp).all()
                except Exception as exception_desc:
                    write_to_log(exception_desc)
                    return exception_desc
            else:
                try:
                    db_models_timestamp = Page.query.filter(Page.fb_page_id==fb_page_id).order_by(Page.db_models_timestamp.desc()).first().db_models_timestamp
                    return Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_page_id==fb_page_id, Comment.db_models_timestamp==db_models_timestamp).all()
                except Exception as exception_desc:
                    write_to_log(exception_desc)
                    return exception_desc
        elif fb_post_id:
            if db_models_timestamp:
                try:
                    return Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_post_id==fb_post_id, Comment.db_models_timestamp==db_models_timestamp).all()
                except Exception as exception_desc:
                    write_to_log(exception_desc)
                    return exception_desc
            else:
                try:
                    db_models_timestamp = Post.query.filter(Post.fb_post_id==fb_post_id).order_by(Post.db_models_timestamp.desc()).first().db_models_timestamp
                    return Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_post_id==fb_post_id, Comment.db_models_timestamp==db_models_timestamp).all()
                except Exception as exception_desc:
                    write_to_log(exception_desc)
                    return exception_desc

def delete_all_comments():
    comment = Comment
    try:
        number_of_deleted = comment.query.delete()
        db_session.commit()
        #return number_of_deleted
        return 'OK'
    except Exception as exception_desc:
        db_session.rollback()
        #print (exception_desc)
        write_to_log(exception_desc)
        return exception_desc

def delete_comments_by_page_id_timestamp(fb_page_id, db_models_timestamp):
    try:
        Comment.query.filter(Comment.fb_page_id==fb_page_id, Comment.db_models_timestamp==db_models_timestamp).delete()
        db_session.commit()
        return 'OK'
    except Exception as exception_desc:
        db_session.rollback()
        #print (exception_desc)
        write_to_log(exception_desc)
        return exception_desc

##################### get count_page_comments_per_timestamp #####################
def get_counts_page_comments_per_timestamp (zm_page_id = None, fb_page_id = None, db_models_timestamp = None):
    if zm_page_id:
        try:
            return Count_Page_Comments_per_Timestamp.query.filter(Count_Page_Comments_per_Timestamp.zm_page_id == zm_page_id).order_by(Count_Page_Comments_per_Timestamp.comments_timestamp.asc()).all()
        except Exception as exception_desc:
            db_session.rollback()
            #print (exception_desc)
            write_to_log(exception_desc)
            return exception_desc
    elif page_id and db_models_timestamp:
        try:
            return Count_Page_Comments_per_Timestamp.query.filter(Count_Page_Comments_per_Timestamp.fb_page_id == fb_page_id, Count_Page_Comments_per_Timestamp.db_models_timestamp == db_models_timestamp).order_by(Count_Page_comments_per_Timestamp.comments_timestamp.asc()).all()
        except Exception as exception_desc:
            db_session.rollback()
            #print (exception_desc)
            write_to_log(exception_desc)
            return exception_desc