Pyeongchang Olympic gold medalist Alina Zagitova started her bid for a maiden World Figure Skating Championship crown in strong fashion Wednesday by placing first in the women's individual short program.
The 16-year-old former junior world champion from Russia skated a flawless routine for a score of 82.08 points on the competition's opening day at Saitama Super Arena near Tokyo.
Skating to "The Phantom of the Opera," she nailed a triple Lutz-triple loop combination, a double axel and a late triple flip to finish the stage 5.22 ahead of Japan's Kaori Sakamoto in second place.
Although she is the reigning Japan champion, the 18-year-old Sakamoto entered the meet with less fanfare than younger compatriot Rika Kihira, who many have tipped to win the world title at her first attempt.
Sakamoto received a huge roar from the crowd as she hit a triple flip-triple toe loop combination to open her routine set to "From My First Moment."
Sakamoto, who beat Kihira in December's nationals, also hit a double axel and triple loop in an outstanding routine.
Her 76.86 put her at the front of the field with five skaters remaining. She remained in first as American Bradie Tennell, then Japan's Satoko Miyahara were unable to surpass her score.
Two-time world champion and Pyeongchang silver medalist Evgenia Medvedeva of Russia was likewise unable to move past her with just Kihira and Zagitova left to skate.
Kihira, one of only a handful of women with the triple axel in her repertoire, had been set to open with the jump after landing it three times in practice.
But the 16-year-old star pulled out of her jump, turning it into a single axel and finished with 70.90 and seventh place.
Zagitova's training partner, Elizabet Tursynbaeva of Kazakhstan, is third after scoring 75.96, with Medvedeva 1.73 points back in fourth.
Miyahara scored 70.60 to sit eighth. She hit all of her components, including an opening triple lutz-triple toe loop combination.
Sakamoto said she had beefed up her training schedule following her disappointment last month at the Four Continents in Anaheim, where she finished fourth after coming second in the short program.
"It's true that the Four Continents was a very disappointing competition. For about a month after I came back, I was feeling quite down. So I decided to increase my training volume, doing even more than I had been prior to the Olympics," Sakamoto said.
The Kobe native admitted to feeling some nerves before her short program but said she would take a positive frame of mind into Friday's free skate.
"There's always a feeling of nervousness, but this time it was a good kind of nervousness. I'm very happy with the way I skated because I was able to put in a good performance for myself," she said.
For Zagitova, winning in front of her Japanese fans would be a high point in what has been a difficult season so far, she said.
"During this season I have actually experienced many mistakes during practice, and that made me more nervous. But thanks to tremendous support from my coaches, I was able to overcome it," Zagitova said.
"I always get a great reception in Japan, so anytime I get to perform here, I am happy. I want to show my best performance in the free program."
Kihira has shown she can come from behind, winning the Four Continents after finishing fifth in the short program. Including the Four Continents, she has won all six of her international meets this season -- her first in senior competition.
But she will have her work cut out for her in maintaining her perfect record in the free skate Friday given the strength of the competition.
Double Olympic champion Yuzuru Hanyu will be aiming for a third world title when the men's competition gets under way Thursday. The 24-year-old superstar won his first world crown here in 2014.


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Loose barges close bridge to traffic
Pictured is one of the loose barges in the Ohio River near East Main Street in Pomeroy.
Update 11:20 p.m. —The Mason County Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management confirms reports that all the loose barges have now been accounted for and secured at this time.
Update 10:30 p.m. — A tug boat is at West Columbia attempting to catch loose barges, according to the Mason County Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management. The number of loose barges is unknown but has been reported at four to five. WV DOH is also taking over traffic control at the Bridge of Honor which remains closed so that an inspection can be conducted, according to the Mason County Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management.
Update: 9:40 p.m. – According to a statement from Meigs County Sheriff Keith Wood, Meigs County EMS and Pomeroy Fire Department personnel advised that a pier on the Ohio side of the Bridge of Honor was hit. The U.S. Coast Guard has been contacted as well as the West Virginia Division of Highways, which will likely shut down the structure until it is inspected. For now, no traffic is allowed on the bridge so avoid the area.
Wood further stated he had been advised approximately 15 barges were originally loose in the river and they contained fracking sand.
"At this time (there's) no present danger for residents along the Ohio River," Wood stated.
Though some of the barges have been secured, an unknown number were still loose as of 9:45 p.m.
Update 9:15 p.m. – According to scanner traffic between first responders in Meigs County, it is being reported at least one barge made contact with the Bridge of Honor, though that has not been confirmed by Ohio Valley Publishing.
BEND AREA — The Bridge of Honor, connecting Pomeroy and Mason, has been closed to traffic while crews attempt to capture loose barges in the Ohio River that are reportedly drifting south from New Haven.
The bridge closure was confirmed by the Mason County Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management but the number of loose barges has not been confirmed.
This story was breaking at press time and more details will be reported in the next edition and online at www.mydailyregister.com.
https://www.mydailyregister.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/web1_Barge-8.jpgPictured is one of the loose barges in the Ohio River near East Main Street in Pomeroy. Courtesy
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The 5 year curriculum of Ngakpa Training offers an in-depth study of Vajrayana Buddhist history, philosophy and practice, focusing on the Inner Tantras of the Nyingma Tradition, also known as MahaYoga, AnuYoga, and Dzogchen.
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What makes game 5 of the 2018 World Championship a draw?
I was watching recently the excellent ChessNetwork commentary of the 5th game of the WCC 2018 between Magnus Carlsen and Fabiano Caruana. The end position looked like this and players shook hands after white played g4.
[FEN "8/5R2/5bp1/3rpk1p/8/4B2P/5PP1/5K2 w - - 0 1"]
There is not much to grip onto on either side for sure, but it doesn't strike me as a draw either. The line I get with Stockfish is not straight forward.
[Title "{ [Stockfish 280218 64 POPCNT] 68:+0.00}"]
[FEN "8/5R2/5bp1/3rpk1p/8/4B2P/5PP1/5K2 b - - 0 1"]
[startflipped ""]
1... Ke6 2. Ra7 Rd6 3. Ke2 hxg4 4. hxg4 Rc6 5. f3 Bd8 6. Rg7 Kf6 7. Rg8 Bb6 8.Bh6 Rd6 9.Rf8+ Ke6 10. Re8+ Kd5 11. Be3 Bd8 12. f4 exf4 13. Bxf4 Re6+ 14. Rxe6 Kxe6 15. Kd3 Kd5 16. Ke3 Be7 17. Kd3 Bb4 18. Ke3 Bc5+ 19. Kf3 Be7 20. Be3 Bd8 21. Bf4 Be7
Is there any simple explanation why this position appears as an obvious draw other than a lack of goals to pursue on both sides?
analysis draw world-championship
Jacques Gaudin
Jacques GaudinJacques Gaudin
Some points to consider:
No passed pawn
All rook endgames with equal number of pawns in its own half are drawn (I do not know if this is a theorem, but it is almost a theorem).
One of the players can probably force exchange of bishops and get it to rook endgame with equal number of pawns.
Both players are 2800+ and it is a classical game, so enough time to think and make the right moves.
EDIT: You can look at the game discussed here, where one side has Rook along with 'a' and 'c' pawns, while the other side just has a rook and the game is still a draw.
edited Dec 4 '18 at 5:10
AdhvaithaAdhvaitha
Computer engines are of little use in positions like this. Still it is a pretty obvious draw, because of:
equal (and very limited) material
pawns on the same side of the board
no weaknesses for either player
active and safe kings
In order to win this, one would have to win material or promote a pawn, neither of which can be forced.
I disagree computer engines are of little use in positions like this. Leela maybe, but Stockfish is spot on with the 0.00 eval.
– Allure
I'll add a few points to the answers already given:
If both sides exchanged all their pawns, the game is a draw, because R+B vs. R+B is a draw. In fact R+B vs. R is a draw . Think about this for a moment: it means that if either side can exchange their bishop for all three of the other side's pawns, they're the only side that can win (since they can still theoretically promote a pawn while the opponent will never be able to checkmate them).
Obviously from that position, for either side to win, they must push their pawns to promotion. But there are no passed pawns. What's likely to happen after the pawn pushes is that the pawns are going to be exchanged.
Neither side has a material advantage.
You can imagine what's likely to happen if both players had played on. Because of #2, pawns will be pushed and likely exchanged. Because of #3, there's a good chance all the pawns are exchanged. If either side is to have any hope of winning, it needs to be able to win a pawn for nothing. But even if that happens, some pawns are still likely to have been exchanged, leaving a R+B+P vs. R+B scenario ... and then the side with the R+B can just sacrifice the Bishop for the pawn and the game is drawn by #1.
AllureAllure
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Philo, On the Embassy to Gaius 8-10
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Description of the empire at the time Caligula became emperor
Name of the author:
Philo of Alexandria
41 CE to 42 CE
Literary genre:
Apologetic, History and Theology
On the Embassy to Gaius
Philo of Alexandria lived from roughly 20 BCE to 50 CE (his exact dates are unknown). He was a renowned Jewish philosopher and commentator of biblical texts, well-versed in both Greek culture and Jewish Scriptures and traditions. (Josephus mentions Philo in laudatory terms in A.J. 18.259.) Philo came from a prominent and wealthy family in Alexandria. His brother Alexander was alabarch (that is, in charge of the customs of the city), and had received Roman citizenship, probably in return for the help he had provided to Antonia Minor, daughter of Mark Antony, mother of Claudius, and grand-mother of Caligula (Hadas-Lebel, Philon d'Alexandrie, p. 51 and 53). Alexander was well-connected with king Agrippa I, and even married his son Marcus to Agrippa's daughter, the famous Berenice, then 13 years old. Alexander's eldest son, Tiberius Julius Alexander, who was a Roman citizen by birth, pursued a brilliant career in the Roman administration, including as procurator of Judea under Claudius in 46–48 CE, and as prefect of Egypt in 66–69 CE. Philo therefore belonged to a Jewish family that was closely connected to Rome and the Roman elites. This explains the role played by Philo in the embassy to Rome that followed the Alexandrian riots of 38 CE.
The events of 38, followed in 40 CE by Caligula's project to have a statue of himself erected in the Jerusalem temple, are known mainly through Philo's so-called historical treatises Against Flaccus (Flacc.) and The Embassy to Gaius (Legat.), as well as Josephus' account in Jewish Antiquities (18.257-309 for the description of the episode related to Caligula's project, and 19.278-292 for the events after the emperor's death, and Claudius' decrees). To put it briefly (for a more detailed account, see Smallwood, Philonis Alexandrini Legatio, 11-36, and Gambetti, The Alexandrian Riots), after Tiberius' death and Caligula's accession to power, the prefect of Egypt, Flaccus, felt that his political position was fragile, and searched the support of the Greek citizens of Alexandria. Among the Alexandrians there was a deep hostility toward the Jews, the causes of which are still debated: they may have resented the fact that some Jews tried to obtain Alexandrian citizenship (we may infer this point from Claudius' letter sent to the Alexandrians in November 41 [CPJ II, no. 153, p. 36-55]); they were also probably unhappy with the loss of political sovereignty following Actium, and may have seen the Jews as allies of the Romans, because of the help provided to Cesar, and later Octavian, by Antipater and Herod, and the connections between the Herodians (especially Agrippa I) and Rome more broadly (Smallwood, Philonis Alexandrini Legatio, 11-12). The documents known as the Acts of the Alexandrian Martyrs show that from an Alexandrian perspective, Claudius was considered a friend of the Jews (CPJ II, nos. 154-159, p. 55-107, especially no. 156, p. 76). Be that as it may, in the summer of 38 CE, during Agrippa I's visit in Alexandria on his way to Judea, violent anti-Jewish riots occurred. Flaccus did not intervene to stop the riots; on the contrary, he passed a decree depriving the Jews of their rights and declaring that they were "foreigners and aliens" in the city (Flacc. 54). As a consequence, synagogues were destroyed, Jewish homes and shops were pillaged, and numerous Jews were tortured and murdered. In October 38, Flaccus was arrested, brought to Rome and then banished to Andros, where he was eventually killed (Flacc. 108-191). In Against Flaccus, Philo narrates Flaccus' fate at length and interprets it as an example of divine justice. In the wake of the events of the summer 38 and Flaccus' arrest, two embassies left for Rome, an Alexandrian one and a Jewish one, the latter being headed by Philo himself. He probably stayed in the Urbs until Claudius' settlement of the conflict in 41 CE (Niehoff, Philo of Alexandria, 3).
Philo's account of the events during the summer of 38 CE is less developped in the Embassy than in Against Flaccus. The Embassy focuses on Caligula' personality, and his attitude and policy toward the Jews. Most importantly, in the Embassy, Philo blames the emperor himself for the events in Alexandria, considering that Gaius' hostility toward the Jews (who, he claims, were the only people that refused to worship him as a god) triggered the agression by the Alexandrians, because they were confident that they would not be punished (Legat. 114-122).
The Embassy was written after Caligula's death and Claudius' settlement of the conflict between the Alexandrians and the Jews, maybe as early as 41 CE, when Philo was still in Rome (Legat. 206; Niehoff, Philo of Alexandria, 3-4). It is generally considered to have been composed of five parts, the last one being now lost. The first part (§§1-113) deals with Caligula's accession to power, the initial state of hapiness within the Roman empire (the topic of the extract presented here), and the deterioration of the situation due to Gaius' madness. The second part (§§114-161) expounds the events in Alexandria, which, as stated above, are explained by the fact that Caligula's anger against the Jews encouraged the Alexandrians to attack. The third part (§§162-348) deals with the events outside Egypt and Caligula's project to have a statue of himself set in the Jerusalem temple. The fourth part (§§349-373) describes the second meeting between the Jewish embassadors and the emperor in 40 CE, which was far from successful, the former barely catching the attention of the latter. The fifth and lost part, often called the palinode because of the use of the term palinōdia in Legat. 373, probably dealt with Gaius'death and the restoration of the rights of the Jewish community in Alexandria (Bilde, "Philo as a Polemist and a Political Apologist," 107-108). However, the omission of this part may not be casual, but rather result from Philo's cautious decision not to mention the murky circumstances surrounding Claudius' accession to power (see Pelletier, Legatio, p. 20, who points to Spec. 2.78-92 as an example of Philo's political prudence).
The passage under consideration here starts a bit abruptly. Most editors of the Legatio admit that there is a lacuna between §§7 and 8 (see, e.g., Pelletier, Legatio, p. 19). The preposition γὰρ/gar, "for," does not make sense as a connection between the two paragraphs. The beginning of the treatise (§§1-7) in fact consists in a philosophical reflection on the intellectual mistakes that humans frequently do, such as considering Fate (tychē) as more important that Nature (physis), and casting doubt on God's providence for Israel, "the people who sees God" according to Philo's definition (§4). This incipit reveals that Philo's purpose in the Legatio, as in Against Flaccus, is not to report the events in a faithful and accurate way, but rather to answer the theological questions raised by these events (in Against Flaccus, see, e.g., §§170, 191). They are not historical works, but rather theological readings of history with apologetic and polemic overtones (see also Bilde, "Philo as a Polemist and a Political Apologist").
After the general considerations in §§1-7, the treatise opens with a panegyric, in which Philo praises the state of affairs within the Roman empire at the beginning of Caligula's rule. We must keep in mind, however, that this passage is highly rhetorical, and aims (together with other sections of the book) to contrast Gaius' disastrous rule with that of his predecessors. In this text, Philo heavily draws on topoi conveyed in Roman and pro-Roman writings, or other media meant to communicate Roman imperial ideology, such as coinage and inscriptions. First comes the claim that Roman dominion (hēgemonia) extends on the whole "land and sea" (pasēs gēs kai thalassēs), that is, the whole universe. This expression, which goes back to the Hellenistic period (Momigliano, "Terra Marique"), was widely used in Roman and pro-Roman sources in connection with the affirmation of the universal dimension of Roman victories and peace (in Latin: victoria or pax terra marique; for an example of the corresponding iconography on coinage, see RIC I (rev. ed.), no. 256, p. 59, minted between 32 and 29 BCE). The phrase is found several times in Augustus' Res Gestae (3.1; 4.2; 13.1). At §13.1, Augustus recalls that "our ancestors wanted Janus Quirinus to be closed when peace had been achieved by victories on land and sea throughout the whole empire of the Roman people ([Ianum] Quirin[um, quem cl]aussum ess[e maiores nostri voluer]unt, cum [p]er totum i[mperium po]puIi Roma[ni terra marique es]set parta uictoriis pax)," and that whereas this had happened twice before his time, it was ordered three times during his reign (Cooley, Res Gestae Divi Augusti, 72). The Latin text of the Res Gestae associates peace with victory on land and sea throughout Rome's imperium, whereas the Greek version of this passage omits the notion of victory and emphasizes only the idea of peace. Yet, as Hannah Cornwell has argued in her book Pax and the Politics of Peace: Republic to Principate, from Augustus onward the notion of peace on land and sea was tantamount to the establishment of Roman universal domination. In Legat. 8, Philo echoes Roman language, yet we must keep in mind that in other passages of his work he also criticizes the domination over land and sea acquired by military means, and undermines its significance (see, e.g., On Drunkenness 113).
In §8 Philo emphasizes not only the universal dimension of Roman rule, but also its effectiveness in establishing order and peace, two central themes of Roman imperial ideology. He uses the adjective eunomos to refer to the idea that the empire is ruled by good laws, something the Romans were particularly proud of (see, e.g., Cicero, On the orator I.44.195-197). He also insists on the concord established between the different populations of the empire (Greeks and barbarians), and between different groups such as soldiers and civilians. Such an ideal picture of unity and concord is found in the writings of Greek authors as well (see in particular Aelius Aristides' Roman Oration in the 2nd century CE, especially §§29, 69-71). In short, Philo echoes the Roman discourse about the benefits of the Pax Romana. Moreover, in the rest of the Legatio, Philo repeatedly asserts that Caligula destroyed peace, therefore undermining the work of his imperial predecessors (Legat. 100-102, 108, 113). By contrast, the Jews are presented as a naturally peaceful people, whose only request is to be allowed to live according to their ancestral traditions (see especially Legat. 161, which attributes this opinion of the Jews to Tiberius himself; and Legat. 230). Jews are thus naturally in harmony with good Roman emperors, and in opposition to bad ones.
Peace goes along with prosperity, and in §9 Philo also mentions the extraordinary wealth accumulated by the imperial house, as well as the military strength of the empire, which by then must have had twenty-five legions and probably as many auxiliary troups (Smallwood, Philonis Alexandrini Legatio, 159; see Tacitus, Annals 4.5). We must note, however, that in many passages of his works, Philo opposes material to spiritual wealth, as well as military power to the power of the virtuous mind who seeks God (see especially On Abraham 220, and the commentary on On Abraham 209-216). In the incipit of the Legatio itself, in §4, Philo clearly contends that the greatest wealth is the vision of God, which is the privilege of Israel.
Finally, Philo returns in §10 to the theme of the universal dimension of the Roman empire, stating that it extends "from sunrise to sunset". Again this is a topos, also found under the pen of Dionysius of Halicarnassus, who writes: "But Rome rules every country that is not inaccessible or uninhabited, and she is mistress of every sea, not only of that which lies inside the Pillars of Hercules but also of the Ocean, except that part of it which is not navigable; she is the first and the only State recorded in all time that ever made the risings and the settings of the sun the boundaries of her dominion" (Roman Antiquities 1.3.3, translation by Earnest Cary, LCL, p. 11). Philo's statement in Legat. 10 is both similar and different: he indirectly refers to the Pillars of Hercules as well ("an empire stretching from the sunrise to the sunset and comprising lands both within and beyond the Ocean"), but in comparison with Dionysius, who further affirms that "there is no nation, as I may say, that disputes [Rome's] universal dominion or protests against being ruled by her" (Rom. Ant. 1.3.5, ibid.), Philo appears much more realistic. He simultaneously joins in the praise of the unequalled geographical extent of Roman dominion, and recalls that it is in fact limited by the existence of two foreign powers, the German tribes in the North, and the Parthians in the East. As Mary E. Smallwood notes, from a geographical point of view it is difficult to understand how the Euphrates could separate the inhabitants of the Roman empire from the Sarmatians and the Scythians (Philonis Alexandrini Legatio, 161). In my opinion, Philo's reference to these peoples is meant to categorize all the peoples living beyond the borders of the Roman empire as savage and uncivilized, and to emphasize that the oikoumenē, the civilized world, is equal to Rome (again reflecting a Roman perspective). Interestingly enough, as Maren Niehoff notes, "Augustus had in his Res Gestae elegantly passed over the fact that the Germans and Parthians had not been truly conquered" (Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture, 114). Augustus merely wrote: "Cimbri and Charydes and Semnones and many other tribes of Germans sought through embassies my friendship and that of the Roman people" (Res Gestae 26.4, translation by Cooley, Res Gestae Divi Augusti, 91). By reminding the reader of the very concrete limitations of Rome's universal rule, Philo may have surreptitiously suggested that the universal hegemony of the Romans was not so universal after all. At the very least, it is possible to read this passage as both echoing conventional praises of Rome and slightly subverting them (see further Berthelot, "Philo's Perception," especially notes 11 and 59).
In my opinion, Philo's use of so many Roman or pro-Roman topoi in a few paragraphs indicates that in the Legatio, he was addressing at least in part a Roman audience, or had this potential audience in mind. By ostensibly showing his adhesion to Roman imperial values (whether such an adhesion was sincere or not is another matter), he made clear that his criticism of Caligula was aimed at the personality of the late emperor, and not at Rome's imperial rule in general. This was a wise and cautious decision, considering his position of leader of the Jewish Alexandrian embassy.
Keywords in the original language:
Γερμανία
Γάϊος
Εὐρωπαῖος
Εὐφράτης
Παρθυηνή
Σαρμάτης
Σκύθης
Τιβέριος
βαρβαρικός
γῆ
δύναμις
δῆμος Ῥωμαίων
εἰρήνη
εὔνομος
οἰκουμένη
ἀρχή
Ἀσιανός
Ἑλληνικός
ἡγεμονία
Ἰταλία
ὠκεανός
Ῥῆνος
Thematic keywords in English:
panegyric
Parthians
Pax Romana
Roman peace
Roman power
Roman rule
universal domination
Bibliographical references:
Berthelot, Katell, "Philo's Perception of the Roman Empire", Journal for the Study of Judaism 42.2 (2011) : 166-187
Bilde, Per, "Philo as a Polemist and a Political Apologist: An Investigation of his two Historical Treatises Against Flaccus and The Embassy to Gaius", in Alexandria a Cultural and Religious Melting Pot (ed. George Hinge, Jens A. Krasilnikoff; Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 2009), 97-115
Cooley, Alison E., Res gestae divi Augusti: Text, Translation and Commentary (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009)
Cornwell, Hannah, Pax and the Politics of Peace: Republic to Principate (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017)
Gambetti, Sandra, The Alexandrian Riots of 38 C.E. and the Persecution of the Jews: A Historical Reconstruction (Leiden: Brill, 2009)
Hadas-Lebel, Mireille, Philon d'Alexandrie : un penseur en diaspora (Paris: Fayard, 2003)
Momigliano, Arnaldo, Terra Marique, Journal of Roman Studies 32 (1942) : 53-64
Niehoff, Maren , Philo on Jewish Identity and Culture (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2001)
Niehoff, Maren, Philo of Alexandria: An Intellectual Biography (New Haven: Yale University Press)
Pelletier, André , Legatio ad Caium : introduction, traduction et notes (OPA 32; Paris: Editions du Cerf, 1972)
Smallwood, Mary E. , Philonis Alexandrini Legatio ad Gaium: edited with an introduction, translation and commentary (Leiden: Brill, 1961)
Realized by:
Katell Berthelot
How to quote this page
Author(s) of this publication: Katell Berthelot
Publishing date: Mon, 10/28/2019 - 10:26
URL: https://www.judaism-and-rome.org/philo-embassy-gaius-8-10
Visited: Sat, 01/15/2022 - 23:36


text:
Garrison v. Sam's East, Inc.
United States District Court, W.D. Kentucky, Bowling Green Division
TAMMY A. GARRISON PLAINTIFF
SAM'S EAST, INC. DEFENDANT and XEROX RECOVERY SERVICES INTERVENING PLAINTIFF
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
GREG N. STIVERS, CHIEF JUDGE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
This matter is before the Court on Defendant's Motion for Summary Judgment (DN 56). The motion is ripe for decision. For the reasons provided below, the motion is GRANTED IN PART and DENIED IN PART.
On July 27, 2015, Plaintiff Tammy A. Garrison ("Plaintiff") was shopping at a store operated by Defendant Sam's East, Inc. ("Defendant") in Bowling Green, Kentucky. While walking down the seafood aisle pushing her shopping cart, Plaintiff slipped on a liquid substance and fell. (Garrison Dep. 159:8-160:20, Feb. 15, 2017, DN 56-2). Plaintiff alleged she suffered several injuries as a result of this fall. (Garrison Dep. 101:1-8). She now seeks damages to compensate for her injuries, associated medical expenses, and pain and suffering. (Compl. ¶ 9, DN 1-1).
On November 30, 2017, Plaintiff's former counsel filed an expert witness designation which identified her treating medical providers but left out further information about anticipated opinion testimony. (Pl.'s Resp. Def.'s Mot. Summ. J. 2, DN 60 [hereinafter Pl.'s Resp.]). Defendant moved to strike Plaintiff's designated expert witness because she failed to comply with applicable disclosure requirements. (Def.'s Mot. Strike, DN 40). The Magistrate Judge granted the motion, prohibited Plaintiff's expert witnesses from testifying on causation, and imposed sanctions against Plaintiff. (Mem. Op. & Order 6-7, DN 38). On September 12, 2018, this Court overruled Plaintiff's Objections to the Magistrate Judge's decision. (Mem. Op. & Order 7, DN 52).
In its present motion, Defendant now argues that the decision prohibiting Plaintiff's expert witnesses from testifying on the subject of causation doom her claim as a matter of Kentucky tort law. (Def.'s Mem. Supp. Mot. Summ. J. 6, DN 56-1). Plaintiff contends there is sufficient evidence to preclude summary judgment based on her testimony in conjunction with the opinions from Defendant's medical expert witness, Dr. Chad Price ("Dr. Price"). (Pl.'s Resp. 3). Defendant replies that Plaintiff has cherry-picked Dr. Price's opinions to offer evidence directly contradicting his ultimate conclusions on the question of causation. (Def.'s Reply Mot. Summ. J. 3, DN 62).
II. JURISDICTION
The Court has jurisdiction over this matter based on diversity jurisdiction. 28 U.S.C. § 1332.
III. STANDARD OF REVIEW
In ruling on a motion for summary judgment, the Court must determine whether there is any genuine issue of material fact that would preclude entry of judgment for the moving party as a matter of law. See Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(a). The moving party bears the initial burden of stating the basis for the motion and identifying evidence in the record that demonstrates an absence of a genuine dispute of material fact. See Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322 (1986). If the moving party satisfies its burden, the non-moving party must then produce specific evidence proving the existence of a genuine dispute of fact for trial. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247-48 (1986).
While the Court must view the evidence in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, the non-moving party must do more than merely show the existence of some "metaphysical doubt as to the material facts." Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 586 (1986) (citation omitted). Rather, the non-moving party must present specific facts proving that a genuine factual dispute exists by "citing to particular parts of the materials in the record" or by "showing that the materials cited do not establish the absence . . . of a genuine dispute . . . ." Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c)(1). "The mere existence of a scintilla of evidence in support of the [non-moving party's] position will be insufficient" to overcome summary judgment. Anderson, 477 U.S. at 252.
IV. DISCUSSION
It is well established that causation is a "necessary element of proof in any negligence case." Baylis v. Lourdes Hosp., Inc., 805 S.W.2d 122, 124 (Ky. 1991) (citations omitted). "Kentucky law usually requires expert or medical testimony to establish that an incident legally caused a medical injury." Blair v. GEICO Gen. Ins. Co., 917 F.Supp.2d 647, 657 (E.D. Ky. 2013) (internal quotation marks omitted) (citation omitted). "The necessary expert testimony may be supplied by the defendant's admission during discovery, or through medical evidence obtained from other treating physicians." Vance By and Through Hammons v. United States, 90 F.3d 1145, 1148 (6th Cir. 1996) (citation omitted). This testimony from the expert "must be that the causation is probable and not merely possible." Tatham v. Palmer, 439 S.W.2d 938, 939 (Ky1969). An exception to this rule exists, however, for "situations in which causation is so apparent that laymen with general knowledge would have no difficulty in recognizing it . . . ." Blair, 917 F.Supp.2d at 657 (internal quotation marks omitted) (citation omitted). Therefore, circumstantial evidence may be sufficient to prove causation where the evidence reasonably establishes a causal connection between the alleged negligence and the injury. Baylis, 805 S.W.2d at 124 n.3 (quoting Johnson v. Vaughn, 370 S.W.2d 591, 597 (Ky. 1963)).
Attempting to satisfy the expert testimony requirement, Plaintiff refers to select portions of Dr. Price's report as supporting the inference that the subject fall caused her injuries, ...


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Post War British Art
William Marshall – pottery master
by W X | posted in: Artists | 0
I admired the pots of William Marshall long before I had the pleasure of meeting him, on several occasions, during my regular springtime trips down to St. Ives in the late 1990s. William Marshall, usually referred to as Bill, was born in St. Ives and taken on as the first apprentice at the Leach Pottery in 1938 when 14 years old, straight from the local school. However, Bill was even then quite well versed in art and culture. His grandparents were live in servants in London and Bill told me of visiting and staying with them during his school holidays and being allowed to peruse the books in the library of the house. That with the consent of the owner, who seemed delighted that a young country boy had an interest in such things.
59 cm. tall stoneware vase with hakeme glaze decoration.
43cm tall stoneware vase with glaze splashes.
Other than when he was conscripted during the Second World War, Bill remained at the Leach Pottery until his retirement in 1977. Originally trained by David Leach, he worked alongside David and then from 1955 with Bernard Leach. He become the senior craftsman, foreman and thrower of most of the outstanding pots made at the Leach Pottery from 1960 onwards, even if some were not marked with his own personal seal.
Besides being an exceptional thrower, I believe that it was Bill's inquisitive nature and willingness to absorb influences from many sources that made him the superb artist and craftsman that he became. Certainly, his pots showed influences of David and Bernard Leach but I think, more importantly, they showed a considerable affection for Japanese pottery and the Japanese potters that he met and worked with, such as Shoji Hamada and his son, Atsuya Hamada. Although a quiet man, he was undoubtedly a deep thinker and a man of integrity.
Upon his retirement and until his death in 2007, Bill continued to make pots at his home in Lelant, a few miles from St. Ives, where he had his own two chambered wood and oil-fired kiln built with the help of his son, Andrew, who is himself a potter. During this period galleries and collectors alike were always asking him to make more pots and fire his kiln more often. However, as Bill said, making pots had been his job throughout his working life and in his retirement, he wanted to relax and do other things that interested him. This meant that he spent much of his time fishing and, as he regretted the loss of many trees in the area around St. Ives during his lifetime, he would also grow tree seedlings and when of sufficient height plant them where he remembered trees used to be when he was a child.
Teabowl and tenmoku with green glaze vase.
This post was originally written to accompany a Harlequin gallery exhibition that took place in August 2017 and has been updated to include images of work by Bill that will be included in the Anniversary exhibition that begins on Friday 1st March 2019.
Atsuya Hamada, Bernard Leach, David Leach, Leach Pottery, Lelant, Shoji Hamada, St. Ives, William Marshall
© 2020 Harlequin Gallery Website created by Inala-Technology Solutions @ http://inala-tech-solutions.com


Even though a new report indicates that the number of jobs in the nation's solar industry dropped for a second straight year in 2018, Oklahoma's Sierra Club is pushing approval of several solar energy bills in the legislature.
The new report, under the heading "Solar Jobs Setting Like the Sun" showed the industry lost 8,000 jobs or 3.2 percent of its workforce. The report was issued by the nonprofit Solar Foundation which also blamed the "uncertainty" of the 2017 debate on solar tariffs for delaying projects. The tariff is now at 25 percent in the second of the four-year duration and hit utility-scale projects hard.
But the Sierra Club is ignoring the report and is making a big push to get legislative approval of at least six bills related to solar energy.
While the solar energy industry is practically non-existent in Oklahoma, some legislators are hoping to see it grow. The Sierra Club, in a recent email notice said Oklahoma ranks 6th in the nation in the average peak sunlight hours but 45th in Solar Energy production.
"States across the country with far less solar radiation than Oklahoma have vibrant and lucrative solar markets. Oklahoma's potential is great but we lag behind other states," stated the environmental group.
The Oklahoma Sierra Club believes Oklahoma should do more.
The group cited several things it felt were barriers to expansion of the solar industry in the state.
These leasing arrangements are the most attractive option available to residential consumers looking to invest in solar power.
Under Oklahoma's policy, if the customer produces more electricity than they use in a given month, the excess is donated back to the utility, with no compensation to the customer.
Each utility can set their own standards now. We need to standardize the technical requirements for solar energy installations.
Bills have been introduced at the Legislature this year to deal with these issues. HB 2184, SB 525, SB 526, SB 529, SB 530 and SB 952 all address various aspects of these barriers.
These bills are currently pending in the Senate Energy Committee and the House Utilities Committee.


Every year, Baptist women across Canada meet in small groups to do a pre-set Bible study that focuses on women from the Bible. Participants bring a small offering to support a joint project that lasts for three years. Great things happen!
2019's study is Leah (the Other). We hope you'll gather some women together and try this study for yourself. Many groups choose a date in January but it's not required.
In 2019, your offerings will support the Migrant Workers Children Project, overseen by Canadian Baptist Ministries (CBM) in China.
The goal of this project is to help care for, and be educationally and emotionally supportive of 100 orphans and children of migrant workers. The children are part of four centres around the countryside of rural China.
There are over 61 million left-behind children in rural China.
About 50% live with one parent and one-third with grandparents.
Most left-behind children maintain irregular and limited contact with their parents.
They feel lonely, isolated and carry a deep sense of abandonment.
They are more likely to lack access to good teachers and to financial, relational and spiritual supports.
Between 2014 – 2017, Baptist women across Canada raised $41,000 for literacy classes in Rwanda doing the Great Canadian Bible Study!
Over 2,300 women were helped through these classes that were overseen and run by CBM and their ministry partner in Rwanda.
Since 2007, Baptist women across Canada who've participated in the Great Canadian Bible Study have raised tens of thousands of dollars to assist women and girls at risk in India and Africa. Your offerings have been used for school repairs, equipment purchases, school supplies, medical assistance, trauma counselling, workshops to reduce discrimination of victims and their children, and to support microcredit programs.
And now, your support in 2019 will support left behind children in rural China.
So, get the women in your church organized; book off one night and do the study. And remember to make your cheque out to Canadian Baptist Women of Ontario and Quebec, with GCBS written on the memo line.
Click here to download the 2019 study.


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The Professional custom DJI Inspire 1 & 2 Radio Transmitter Tray is the best tray on the market. Built from precision CNC machined Aircraft Grade Aluminum 6061-T6 (anodized) to last.
Scroll down the page to check out the details of each option below. See what works for you, then come back here to start the customization process. We'll help you customize the perfect DJI Inspire Transmitter Tray specific to your needs in 7 easy steps.
Fly with less fatigue, more stability, and precise control with a supporting Transmitter Harness System.
Pick from "Single" or "Double" straps. Then choose either a "Small" or "Large" option.
If you have a Dual Monitor setup (ie. 1. Cam View & 2. FPV View) then you'll want to add a "Transmitter Shaft Double Threads" part to your setup.
The shaft is a bar that runs across the top of your transmitter which has either a single or double 1/4-20 threads for monitors, mobile phones, or auxiliaries. They can be attached using the 1/4-20 mounts in the next step.
Add 1/4-20 mounts depending on how many monitors or auxiliaries you use during flight. Mounts for monitors, auxiliaries, and anything requiring a 1/4-20 thread.
Depending on what you use for a monitor you can select the right sized Expandable Grip here.
If you fly with an iPad Mini these accessories may be a good solution for you. If not, just skip this step.
If you shoot with the DJI Lightbridge you can mount it directly on the back of the transmitter tray with this module.
The Inspire Transmitter Tray is specifically designed for the DJI Inspire 1 & DJI Inspire 2 radio transmitter. It's designed to give you more flexibility, support, stability, and control so you can focus on flying your DJI Inspire.
The main function of the DJI Inspire Transmitter Tray is to give you the flexibility to use different monitors, and tablets for better viewing angles while flying your Inspire.
The smallest moves can make the biggest difference in flight. When used with the optional Double Neck Strap you'll get more support, balance, and stability during your flight. The Neck Strap gives you up to 5 points of contact to help stabilize the radio compared to just three points of contact (abs, left & right hand). The more points of contact the more stability you have.
Prolonged use of a transmitter + monitor setup can get your arms tired fairly quickly. Once the fatigue sets in, it's hard to keep your flights smooth and you'll see it in the footage.
The Neck strap distributes the weight from your hands and arms to your back and shoulders to give you less fatigue, more stability, smoother flights, and better control.
The transmitter tray is specially designed to be modular. Customize every detail of the tray to fit your flying style. Whether you use an iPad Mini, mobile phone, or monitor for fpv we have the perfect clamp or bracket for you. Add a ball clamp, tray shaft, stand, or even a Lightbridge Bracket to expand the functionality of your tray.
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Please take a look below, and add them in the "Customization Options" List at the top of the page.
Mounts for monitors, auxiliaries, and anything requiring a 1/4-20 thread. Made from CNC machined aircraft grade anodized aluminum.
These expandable grips are ideal for mobile phones, iPads, and tablets of all sizes. Made from CNC machined aircraft grade anodized aluminum.
Ideal Usage: Most Tablet PC's & FPV Monitors.


text: """Test the cli module."""

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Home » Who Is a "Control" Person for Purposes of the Dissolution Statute's Surcharge Provision?
Who Is a "Control" Person for Purposes of the Dissolution Statute's Surcharge Provision?
By Franklin C. McRoberts on March 16, 2020
Posted in Dissolution Basics, Surcharge
Section 1104-a of the Business Corporation Law (the BCL) empowers courts to dissolve a corporation if the petitioning shareholder can establish either of two specified grounds for dissolution. Section 1104-a(a)(1) authorizes dissolution upon a showing of " illegal, fraudulent or oppressive actions toward the complaining shareholders" by the "directors or those in control of the corporation" (emphasis added). Section 1104-a(a)(2) authorizes dissolution upon a showing that property or assets of the corporation are being "looted, wasted, or diverted for non-corporate purposes" by the "directors, officers or those in control of the corporation" (emphasis added).
At the end of the statute, the so-called "surcharge" provision, section 1104-a(d), empowers courts to "order stock valuations be adjusted" and to "provide for a surcharge upon the directors or those in control of the corporation upon a finding of wilful or reckless dissipation or transfer of assets or corporate property without just or adequate compensation" (emphasis added).
As noted with italics above, all three statutes contain an identical three-word phrase allowing courts to dissolve based upon conduct committed by, and/or impose a surcharge against, "those in control" of the corporation. What does it mean to be "in control?" As noted in a prior post, reported decisions involving a corporate dissolution petitioner seeking a surcharge against the respondent are exceedingly rare. Cases in which corporate dissolution petitioners obtain a surcharge are unicorn-like in their rarity – there is only a single case of which we are aware.
With the scarcity of case law on the subject of surcharges, a recent decision caught our eye, in which a court, apparently for the first time, considered what it means to be "in control" of the corporation for purposes of imposing a surcharge.
In Matter of Telano, Decision and Order [Sup Ct NY County Jan. 8, 2020], Manhattan Justice Joseph Risi tackled the interesting question of whether a shareholder petitioning for dissolution may sue a non-shareholder, director, or officer under the "surcharge" provision of section 1104-a(d) seeking in effect to use the statute as a substitute for an otherwise viable cause of action.
The Corporation and its Shareholders
In 2008, Eagle Security Group, Inc. (Eagle) was formed for the purpose of marketing and selling security portals at airports and high-security facilities. The founders, according to the amended petition, were Telano and Monfredo. Needing the acumen of an experienced businessperson to help manage the fledgling venture, they brought aboard Brucculeri, to whom they conveyed a majority of Eagle's stock. In 2010, they entered into a written shareholders agreement. Under Article 2.1, stock ownership was held 62% Brucculeri, 25% Monfredo, 6.5% Telano, and 6.5% Kyriacou.
Bradlau and Tone's Legal Representation
In early 2010, Eagle hired the law firm of George F. Bradlau & Associates, PLLC to assist with the company's corporate legal work. Two lawyers, Bradlau and Tone, provided various services to Eagle, including drafting the shareholders agreement and by-laws, attending quarterly board meetings, preparing corporate minutes, responding to requests for legal advice from Eagle and its board, and drafting legal documents and correspondence.
In 2018, Telano and Monfredo sued their co-shareholders for judicial dissolution under section 1104-a(a)(1) and (2) and an accounting. As part of their judicial dissolution cause of action, they demanded an "order pursuant to Section 1104-a(d) . . . adjusting the stock valuations for Eagle and providing a surcharge upon the directors or those in control of the corporation, other than Kyriacou, due to their willful and reckless dissipation and transfer of assets and corporate property without just or adequate compensation therefor."
In addition to suing Eagle's shareholders, Telano and Monfredo named as "additional party respondents" Eagle's outside law firm and accountant, though they did not allege any specific causes of action against them. Telano and Monfredo sued in their own individual capacities, not derivatively as shareholders of Eagle.
The amended petition's allegations about Bradlau and Tone consisted of just a few short paragraphs. "Bradlau, along with Respondent Tone," the petition alleged, "are attorneys who served as general counsel to Eagle, though they are not shareholders of the corporation," and they "continue to serve as general counsel to Eagle."
"Bradlau and Tone," it continued, "were instrumental in setting up competing business ventures that were wrongly, and intentionally funneled business belonging to Eagle." According to the petitioners, the "respondents" collectively "have all conspired together to surreptitiously set up a competing business venture or ventures to that of Eagle," "conspired together to fraudulently divert . . . profits," and "conspired to falsify Eagle's financial records, so they could conceal the fact that such profits were diverted."
The Dismissal Motion
Bradlau and Tone filed a motion to dismiss, pointing in their memorandum of law to Articles II and III of the shareholders agreement they drafted to show that they were not at any time directors, officers, or "in control" of Eagle and could not be subject to a surcharge. They also moved to dismiss the accounting claim, arguing that they lacked an ongoing fiduciary relationship with Eagle, attaching a copy of a termination letter they sent Eagle withdrawing as counsel effective December 27, 2013.
In opposition to Bradlau and Tone's dismissal motion, Monfredo filed an affidavit in which he devised a new legal theory not referenced in the petition. According to Monfredo, when Brucculeri first introduced him to Bradlau, Bradlau was considered a "possible investor in the company," not the company's attorney. Pointing to Eagle's payment of over $400,000 of what Monfredo implied were suspicious or inflated legal fees, Monfredo alleged that "it is my belief" that Bradlau was "not just Eagle's attorney, but, in fact, a silent investor who was siphoning [with Tone] large sums of cash from the company."
In their reply memorandum of law, Bradlau and Tone argued that Telano and Monfredo "have not cited to even one case to support their contention that a 'silent investor' is deemed to be 'in control' of a corporation for purposes of BCL 1104-a," and "our research has failed to uncover even one case where outside lawyers, who were paid for legal services provided to a corporation, were deemed to be 'in control' of a corporation so as to be a proper party to a corporate dissolution proceeding."
The Decision and Order
In his decision, Justice Risi noted that the "corporation's governing documents identify certain individuals as shareholders, directors and corporate officers, but do not name Bradlau or Tone in any capacity whatsoever," and the "petition explicitly acknowledges that Bradlau and Tone are not Eagle shareholders." Nonetheless, the court noted that Monfredo's opposing affidavit "claims, among other things, that he believes that Bradlau was a silent investor who siphoned large sums of cash from Eagle, along with Tone," rendering them "a party in control of the corporation, for the purposes of BCL 1104-a." Nonetheless, the court concluded:
Here, the petition and the documentary evidence establishes that Bradlau and Tone are not shareholders, officers, director, or employees of Eagle. . .
The petition does not allege that either Bradlau or Tone were 'in control of' Eagle. To the extent that Monfredo in his opposing affidavit claims that Bradlau and Tone were silent investors and were 'in control' of Eagle, so as to permit a surcharge against them pursuant to Business Corporation Law 1104-a(d), said assertion constitutes an improper attempt to amend the petition. Moreover, these claims are clearly based upon Monfredo's personal beliefs, are wholly unsubstantiated and state nothing more than bare legal conclusions. This court therefore finds that respondents Bradlau and Tone are neither necessary nor proper parties to the cause of action for judicial dissolution and the imposition of a surcharge pursuant to Business Corporation Law 1104-a (a) (1)(2) and (d).
With respect to the accounting claim, the court held that the petition "fails to allege an attorney-client relationship or a fiduciary relationship between the petitioners who are individual shareholders of Eagle, and Bradlau and Tone," only "the existence of a fiduciary relationship between the corporation and its counsel," and that in the "absence of a fiduciary relationship between petitioners and Bradlau and Tone, the petition fails to state a cause of action for an accounting."
Why did the petitioners choose the errant path of suing their outside law firm for a surcharge under BCL 1104-a(d) rather than simply bring a hybrid petition/complaint alleging one or more substantive causes of action? The likely answer is the statute of limitations, which is three years for attorney malpractice, and three or six years depending on the relief sought for breach of fiduciary duty. Under a three-year statute, their putative claims were clearly time barred, so perhaps rather than risk it, they sued for a surcharge under BCL 1104-a, which as we noted recently is subject to a six-year statute of limitations.
Did the Telano court adopt a clear standard to help future courts determine whether one is "in control" of a business for purposes of imposing a surcharge? Unfortunately not. The closest was the court's remark that Bradlau and Tone were not "shareholders, officers, directors or employees" of Eagle. On the right set of facts, perhaps any one of those four classes of persons could be deemed to "control" the entity.
Could a "silent investor" qualify as a "control" person under section 1104-a? One could imagine a sufficiently well-crafted, factually detailed petition one day getting past a dismissal motion by alleging a silent investor controlled a corporation to such an extent that it should be surcharged for misconduct. Given the rarity of surcharge cases, whether we will ever see such a petition is another question.
Tags: bradlau, brucculeri, eagle security, monfredo, risi, Surcharge, telano, tone
The (Even More) Elusive Surcharge in Dissolution Proceedings
The Elusive Surcharge in Dissolution Proceedings
Choose the Right Dissolution Statute for the Right Remedy
Forensic Accounting Helps Wins the Day in Oppressed Shareholder Stock Valuation Proceeding
Final Round of Corfian Case Features Diverse Dissolution Issues


Ever heard the joke about the vegetarian in Greece? Although it's no longer a laughing matter (after all there's a variety of meatless choices all over Athens), meat still reigns supreme over the dinner table. And once you get a taste of MEATropoleos 3, it'll take up permanent residence on yours too. A woody, earthen grill house in the heart of the city, MEATropoleos 3 is the labor of love of two men who have turned souvlaki into an urban legend. Here's how it's done: you source high quality meat from your father's butcher, make sure it's cut by hand, resulting in juicy, uneven cubes that speak for themselves and then grill it over hot coals the minute it's ordered (not a minute before). A sprinkling of sea salt and you're hooked for life!
Co-owners Andreas Agrios and Sokratis Dimopoulos come with a wealth of experience under their belts: Agrios, who's in charge of the kitchen, practically grew up in his family's grill house, operating out of Pyrgos for the past 30 years, while Dimopoulos, who's in charge of front of house, has honed his skills at some of the best spots in the city. Together they make a powerhouse team that always puts meat first, although they've recently made some very interesting additions to their growing menu. Burgers, tarts and superfood salads truly hold their own next to the epic steak & souvlaki mainstays, a creative reinterpretation of comfort foods that may seriously prevent you from leaving your couch ever again. Yup, MEATropoleos 3 delivers. Consider yourselves warned!


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Stress management and creating a work-life balance is something we hear of often these days and this requires more than just helpful tips. The changing commercial times have us pulled in multiple directions and more often than we expect.
The pressures and demands of a Leaders work life and personal life are very blurred. As a result, the consequences of stress in the workplace come from what is occurring to each of us, both on the job and off it.
This critical Program shows us how to manage pressure, pace and workload on the job and how we can switch off the work stress at home. We can change our thoughts and manage stress and anxiety with various techniques vetted by science. Through this Program, we learn how to manage thoughts, emotions, and stressors.
Through interactive learning, participants apply these stress management training tools to getting more of what's important to them.
Learn problem solving techniques and worry control skills.


We've all been in that situation. You've spent a long time shopping for the right products. When you try to check out, you click the Next button and ...nothing happens. You click a few more times, but the button is dead. You go back, frantically clicking other buttons, but nothing works. Frustrated, you search for the products elsewhere.
Read on if you'd like to fix this.
And traditionally these errors have been hard to track down - not least because most people are unaware of the errors happening and, alas, can't report them.
You can see the tag directly in the Recording list and, if you want to find out which pageview(s) had the error, our waterfall view tells you where to look.
During playback, we also show where errors occur in the timeline. This makes it easier than ever to track down, reproduce, and fix the problem.
The warning signs appear above the clicks that triggered the error. The same warning sign also appears next to the click visualization itself so you're absolutely sure which click triggers the problem. The image below shows a bug we found in the wizard plugin we use for our own application.
In Mouseflow, you can search for all sessions containing the "click-error" tag. Just click the filter icon, open the dropdown under "Tags" to select "click-error", and then click "Apply". This will display the list of all sessions containing these errors - ready for you to analyze.
You can integrate Mouseflow with your favorite helpdesk and chat software, attaching the playback URL directly to your support ticket or chat session. Then you don't have to ask the user how to reproduce the problem - you simply watch exactly how it happened. Read our integration examples for Olark and Zopim. See our integration options here. If you're using other tools, just ask us and we probably have a way to integrate.
This new feature is available on your account today - regardless of your plan! So, why not go hunt down and fix those bugs?
Log in to your account or sign up for a free plan to try it out.


text:
Free back rubs bust stress levels around campus
Published Feb 18, 2015 6:50am
By Amber White
Rebecca Noble | The Daily Wildcat
Students can enjoy free, five-minute massages on Wednesday from 11-11:45 a.m. at the Guerrero Student Center. Stressbusters, a program at the UA Campus Health Center, is managing the event.
Students deal with stress and anxiety every day. Stressbusters, a Campus Health Service program, is coming to the Guerrero Student Center to provide stress relief with a free backrub in the Cesar E. Chavez building, Room 205, today from 11-11:45 a.m.
In a Counseling and Psych Services survey conducted this spring, 60-70 percent of UA students reported difficulty with anxiety. According to the Campus Health website, there is a weekly Stress and Anxiety management group where students can talk about their "feelings, actions and beliefs related to anxiety and stress."
In a Health and Wellness survey conducted in 2013, 50 percent of the 3,055 students interviewed experienced above average or extreme stress in that school year.
Anamaria Ramirez, a graduate assistant at Chicano/Hispano Student Affairs, said Stressbusters is doing this to "bust stress," hence the name. They will provide free, five-minute backrubs in addition to wellness information to students and staff on campus.
"Students and staff just have to make it to the location where Stressbusters is holding its event," Ramirez said. "It's a first come, first serve service that runs for 45 minutes."
The amount of people they can accommodate at the event depends on how many volunteers are willing to participate.
"We are hoping to give around 50 people free back rubs during the short time period," Ramirez said.
Stressbusters was started by Jordan Friedman at Columbia University, according to Lee Ann Hamilton, the assistant director of Health Promotion and Preventive Services.
"Jordan wanted to help students deal with stress," Hamilton said.
The program, which is also offered at Rutgers University, Columbia University, Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University and Northern Arizona University, was brought to the UA in fall 2013.
People are asked to rate their back rubs on a scale of 1-5, with 5 being the highest, Hamilton said. According to Hamilton, at the Student Recreation Center on Aug. 8, the average feedback score was 4.9.
Hamilton also noted that the last Stressbusters back rub was a Campus Health event on Oct. 16., and the average score was 4.94.
There is a Stressbusters app, according to the UA Stressbusters website, which became operational in 2014. Several tips on how to "chill now" on your own or before an event are also available on the site. Stressbusters volunteers are at the Main Library on Monday nights and at the Rec Center on Tuesday afternoons. They are often at events on the UA Mall and take requests for conferences, groups and halls.
Follow Amber White on Twitter.


Copyright © 2015 Tamara Simpson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Tamara Simpson, Matthew Pase, and Con Stough, "Bacopa monnieri as an Antioxidant Therapy to Reduce Oxidative Stress in the Aging Brain," Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2015, Article ID 615384, 9 pages, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/615384.


text:
Fake AT&T Emails Using Blackhole Exploit Kit to Install MalwarePrevious article
Yahoo Sued By User Following Breach of 450,000 PasswordsNext article
Volume of Malware Targeting Java CVE-2012-1723 Flaw Spikes
Author: Dennis Fisher
It's been nearly two months since Oracle patched the CVE-2012-1723 Java vulnerability, a serious remote pre-authentication flaw that's present in the Java Runtime Environment. It's taken a little time, but the attacker community has decided that this bug deserves some serious attention, and as a result, attacks trying to exploit it have ramped up significantly in recent weeks.
The first malware samples that were exploiting this vulnerability started appearing about a month ago, but it was just in dribs and drabs. But by the second week of July, the number of attacks on CVE-2012-1723 began to take off dramatically. Microsoft researchers compiled statistics that show the volume of malware targeting the Java flaw really took off around July 10, and, with some peaks and valleys in the interim, is still quite high now.
The vulnerability itself is in a JRE sub-component called Hotspot and attackers who are able to exploit it will have the ability to execute arbitrary code on the target machine.
"The issue is in the optimization performed when a field inside the class is accessed. A static field with a ClassLoader orObject type and bunch of instance-fields with custom data type is a strong indication of exploitation. A bunch of instance-fields are a buffer area where a type-confused object is retrieved," Jeong Wook Oh of the Microsoft Malware Protection Center said in an analysis of the attacks.
An oddity with this vulnerability is that attackers don't have the ability to disguise what they're doing with their exploits in this case. Oh said that because attackers need to build a Java class with some specific attributes, it's relatively easy for analysts to see what's going on.
"Java-based malware could use a Java-reflection feature to obfuscate vulnerable class and methods loading code when the vulnerability is inside specific class and methods — for example, CVE-2012-0507 was related toAtomicReferenceArray class. The loading of AtomicReferenceArray class itself can be obfuscated and you can't easily tell whether it is loading the specific class at all just by looking into the Java code. This makes the whole malware analysis process more time-consuming," Oh said.
"For this vulnerability, attackers can't obfuscate the core exploit part easily. As we explained with Figure 3, the attackers need to create a class with specific features like static field member with ClassLoader type or Objecttype. And bunch of instance fields follows. It has specific code pieces to run which looks like the code shown in Figure 4. Java doesn't provide ways to obfuscate this class structure itself, so the code pattern stands out. You can easily identify the pattern just by statically investigating the code."
SolarWinds Hack Potentially Linked to Turla APT
Researchers have spotted notable code overlap between the Sunburst backdoor and a known Turla weapon.
Malicious Software Infrastructure Easier to Get and Deploy Than Ever
Researchers at Recorded Future report a rise in cracked Cobalt Strike and other open-source adversarial tools with easy-to-use interfaces.
Ryuk Rakes in $150M in Ransom Payments
An examination of the malware gang's payments reveals insights into its economic operations.


I will answer your kind letter which we received some time ago. It seems as tho I hardly get time to write. The children been having such bad colds that it takes me so much time to take care of them. In fact the baby had the cold all winter and part the time he had a high fever from teething. He has six teeth now. He was one year old the 2nd of March. He walks from chair to chair and along the wall all over the room and he walks a few steps alone.
What beautiful sunny weather we have in this month of March. It seems as tho it would stay spring. Will has spaded up most of the lot and we have put out a bed of mullet [sic] seed. I think it a little early yet.
Will has no steady work yet, although he has worked some two weeks ago. He worked five days at the rolling mill and last week four days; this week he has no work.
Last Sunday the children of our church had examination; this Sunday they were confirmed. I suppose the same at your church in North Amherst.
Katharin enjoys herself these nice sunny days. There is a robin comes to the back door and sings, and Katharin sings. Every morning she has to see if it is here yet. She calls it her robin.
Katharin also is glad that Easter is coming, and the Rabbit will bring her some nice eggs. She made her rabbit nest last week in an old market basket.
The boys out home have their oats ground ploughed.
Now I will close writing, hoping to hear from you all.
Mullet seed? I feel sure this is an error in transcription, but the transcription very clearly reads "mullet seed". I can only think of two possibilities for what Tena originally wrote.
Millet seed, although this seems an unlikely crop for a town garden.
Sallet seed, an alternative spelling of salad which generally meant lettuce or other greens.
My German dictionary says the German word for salad is Salat, by the way. Early spring would be the time of year to sow it, although as Tena said, mid-March may have been a little early. The gardener in me wonders where they got the seed and what kind it was and how the crop turned out.
Confirmation. The Ragersville Historical Society transcribed and published the record books of St. John's Evangelical Church in Dover, the church to which Tena refers. It seems Palm Sunday was the usual day for confirmations and March 18 of 1894 was Palm Sunday. Pastor D. J. Helmkamp had a class of 21 confirmands, and among them I see a few familiar names.
Eduard Zoller, son of Heinrich Zoller and Maria nee Oehling. Little Katherine's future husband's mother was Celestia Ailing. The original spelling of Ailing was Oehling. Maria is surely a relative, but I don't have an exact match in my notes.
Klara Feil, daughter of Christian Feil and Anna Maria nee Hammann (Harmann). Klara's much older sister Anna Catherine, married Will Weinsz's brother, Louis.
Karl Wendling, son of Ludwig Wendling and Charlotte nee Weber. Charlotte may have been "the Mrs. Wendling out on the farm", refered to in Tena's letter of 27 December 1893.
Easter. Somehow I never thought of the grass in an Easter basket as being a rabbit's nest. I always thought it was for the hen to lay her eggs in.
The millet/mullet thing is interesting, Entangled. Since millet is part of bird seed mixtures would people grow it for hens to eat?
This article says people made nests for the Easter Rabbit AKA Oschter Haws in German an Pennsylvania Dutch communities.
Thanks for the link to the Easter rabbit's nest info! When I Googled it, I found lots of references to rabbits as fertility symbols, but not how they would be connected with eggs.


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After long respite of a whole week without any physical training, my body is coming lazy and weak. The consequence of that is that my waist and shoulders are still hurting now after doing workout yesterday. Unfortunately, the new protein powder drink which my brother bought to take place of the previous disgusting protein powder for ''the old'' also tastes very bad.
I just finished my last personal training today. My trainer seemed to want me to continue having his class, so he trained me much harder than before. That caused me even not to have time to say good night to my sister. Luckily, I did not eat anything before I went there like I do usually. I felt sick after that hard training so that I only drank some water.
I am sick today and cannot stop coughing all day. I made so much noise in the class that all my teachers came to ask me if I was OK to continue the lesson.
It is not a good day for me. I am not only sick, but also forgot to bring money for lunch. I was only able to buy a piece of bread if I wanted to save the money to take a bus to gym. So I could not even buy a bottle of water for the Fitness class.
I watched Harry Potter yesterday. It's very famous movie but, unfortunately, I never watched it before. The setting of the story is different from what I thought it would be. I thought the story would probably happen in ancient time, so magic things would be more convincing.
I went to personal training today. It's the hardest one which I have never tried before. Now my legs are still shaking even when I am sitting down on a chair.
It's my sister's birthday tomorrow. I have been waiting for this day for a very long time. The gift I bought just arrived there today. Of course she couldn't wait to open. She just told me she had opened all three letters I wrote. Luckily, I knew this would happen so I had prepared another surprise for her.
Monday is always a tiring day for me. After relaxing for 2 days, everything in school seems so strange for me.
I went to celebrate Halloween yesterday. Also I sent my suit back to the shop because the waist part wasn't fitting me very well. It will take 6 weeks to do the alteration. Fortunately, I am not in hurry in using the dress. The first time when I am going to dress myself probably will be the next time when I go back to China to see my friends and return to my previous school where I enjoyed the happiest time during my life.


Dear reader, if you really believe in something, then I would so much like you to go for it.
Of course this doesn't mean that you would otherwise be worth less.
Everybody may lead a life that is agreeable to live and doesn't demand much more than, well, to live it.
But IF there is a 'good grand cause' that you really believe in, one that deeply touches you and that you will look back to and it will still each time warm your heart… There is nothing more worthwhile. So, if you have such, deem yourself lucky!
Don't let yourself be held back by fear.
Not your own fear. Not the fear of others.
By common sense: of course!
Instead: brace yourself. Then go for it.
Things that stand in your way are things that you let stand in your way. For the rest: nothing.
Of course, fear may come towards you in many ways.
even if it breaks your heart.
That may lead to unforeseen possibilities.
And even if it breaks you, that MIGHT be a good thing if you scramble yourself together again into something bigger. You have only one life, so it's better to give.
If you don't die from pursuing this cause – and even, in some sense, if you do – it will make the world a stronger place, and a better one, including you.
Is this 'romantic'? You bet!
to not deem yourself lucky if you can.
Big cause. Little cause. Any cause. Something that demands: you! For God's sake, isn't that wonderful?
Then please believe in yourself. It's life and then… even bigger than life!
Who cares in the end for anything else?


text:
Richard Savitt (March 4, 1927 – January 6, 2023) was an American tennis player.

In 1951, at the age of 24, he won both the Australian and Wimbledon men's singles championships. Savitt was mostly ranked world No. 2 the same year behind fellow amateur Frank Sedgman, though was declared world No. 1 by The New York Times following his Wimbledon victory. He retired the following year to concentrate on a career in business. Savitt is one of four American men who have won both the Australian and British Championships in one year, following Don Budge (1938) and preceding Jimmy Connors (1974) and Pete Sampras (1994 and 1997).
He won gold medals in both singles and men's doubles at the 1961 Maccabiah Games in Israel.

Savitt is enshrined in the International Tennis Hall of Fame, the Intercollegiate Tennis Association Men's Collegiate Tennis Hall of Fame, the USTA Eastern Tennis Hall of Fame, the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame, and the National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.

Early life
Savitt was born in Bayonne, New Jersey.  He taught himself tennis at the age of 14, but never took a tennis lesson in his life.  The self-taught Savitt played tennis well enough, however, to make the finals of the New Jersey Boys Championship and, for two years afterward, the National Boys Tennis Tournament before moving up to the junior ranks. He and his family moved to El Paso, Texas, in 1944, as his mother had a bad skin condition and needed the warmer weather.

His first love was basketball, though, and when his family moved to Texas, he was an All-State forward and a co-captain of El Paso High School, his El Paso, Texas high school basketball team in 1944.  Despite considering tennis his "second" sport after basketball, he won the Texas University Interscholastic League boys singles championship in 1944–45.  Nationally he was the 8th-ranked junior tennis player, and the 17th-ranked amateur overall.

In 1945 Savitt entered the Navy, was stationed at the Naval Air Station in Memphis, Tennessee, and played on a service basketball team.

College
Beginning in 1946, Savitt attended Cornell University, where he majored in economics, was a member of the Pi Lambda Phi fraternity, and was elected a member of the Sphinx Head Society.  However, two injuries, one to his knee, curtailed his basketball career.

Savitt resumed playing tennis.  He became Cornell's tennis team captain, # 1 singles and doubles player.  In 1947 he was ranked # 26 in the U.S., and two years later he was ranked # 17.  In both 1949 and 1950, as a junior and a senior, he won the Eastern Intercollegiate Tournament, and he won the doubles title with Leonard Steiner from 1948 to 1950.  In 1950 he also won the Eastern Clay Court Tournament and the New York State Tournament.  He was 57–2 in singles for his college career, and graduated in June 1950.

Post-college tennis career
Savitt ranked in the world's top 10 four times between 1951 and 1957 (# 2 in 1951); and in the U.S. top 10 six times between 1950 and 1959.  That was despite the fact that Savitt did not compete in 1953–55.  Among Savitt's major victories were the 1951 Wimbledon singles championship and the 1951 Australian Open. He also won the 1952, 1958, and 1961 USLTA National Indoor Championships, becoming the first player to win that crown three times, and won the Italian doubles. He won the Canadian singles and doubles championships.

1950–1953
Without any coaching, in 1950 Savitt reached the U. S. Tennis Championship semifinals at Forest Hills, losing to Art Larsen. In 1951, at the age of 24, Savitt won the Wimbledon Singles Championship. Along the way he beat Larsen, the # 1 U.S. player, in straight sets, and Herbert Flam, the # 2 U.S. player. He also won the Australian Open Singles title, winning in straight sets in the 61-minute final.  He became the first American since Don Budge, 13 years earlier, to win both Wimbledon and the Australian Open in one season.

Savitt also became the first Jewish player to win either tournament.  In the Jewish parts of North London, Savitt recalled, "Nobody knew tennis there, but after I won people started picking up rackets".  In addition, he became the first Jewish athlete to appear on the cover of Time magazine.  The significance of a Jewish tennis player succeeding was rooted in the fact that tennis was still at the time primarily a country club sport, and many country clubs often did not allow Jews in as members and did not allow them to use their courts.  This, in turn, kept many Jewish tennis players from obtaining the training they needed to compete at the highest levels.

Savitt was ranked 2nd in the world in 1951.  He was also ranked the # 1 player on the United States Davis Cup Team. He made it to the semifinals of the Australian Open in January 1952.  In February 1952 he beat Bill Talbert to win the U.S. National Indoor championship.  He won the Canadian singles and doubles championships in 1952, defeating Kurt Nielsen in the singles final in three straight sets. In September 1952, he beat Art Larsen to win the Pacific Coast men's singles tennis championship.

Davis Cup snub, and retirement

Savitt had played and won his three early 1951 Cup matches, winning 9 of 10 sets as the American team beat Australia.  Allison Danzig, the senior American tennis writer, called him America's best hope for victory. He had also defeated Australia's best other player, Frank Sedgman, in the same tournament.  Ted Schroeder, who had lost all three of his Davis Cup matches while losing 9 out of 10 sets in the process the year before and who was in semi-retirement, was chosen by non-playing captain Frank Shields instead.  Five of the top ten players in the U.S. publicly accused Shields of "obvious prejudice" in his choosing the team. Without Savitt playing singles, and with Schroeder losing two of his three matches, the United States lost the 1951 Davis Cup to Australia.

The controversy spilled over into the next year, when the 1951 nationally ranked players were bitterly debated at the January 1952 U.S. Lawn Tennis Association annual meeting.  Members of the Association's Eastern, New England, Southern, Florida, and Texas delegations, whose chief spokesman was Gardnar Mulloy, were in favor of Savitt being named the No. 1 tennis player in the U.S. However, Frank Shields attacked Savitt in a "biting", "unprecedented" speech, which observers said swung the vote against Savitt. As it was reported by Time magazine, "the loudest talker was Frank Shields, non-playing captain of the losing U.S. Davis Cup team. Shields had ignored Savitt in the Davis Cup matches, had put his confidence in aging (30) Ted Schroeder ... who turned out to be the goat of the series. Shields was intent on keeping Savitt ranked ... at No. 3. Cried Shields:  'Never once in the past three months has Savitt looked like a champion.  Don McNeill, the 1940 U.S. champion, answered Shields' outburst by pointing out that players are ranked on their tennis ability, that personal prejudice should have nothing to do with ranking, and that Shields' remarks were "uncalled for".  That met with "resounding applause" from the delegates.  Australian Davis Cup team Harry Hopman called his arguments as to why Savitt should not be ranked # 1 "weak".  Still, a never-before-required proxy vote was needed to decide the # 1 spot. Savitt was ranked the No. 2 player in the U.S. by the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association, behind Vic Seixas and directly ahead of Tony Trabert. In February 1952, a distraught Savitt announced that he would play only one more tournament, the National Indoor Championships, and then retire from tournament tennis—at age 25. He later explained that there was insufficient money in the amateur game to support his needs, requiring him to pursue his business career. Savitt did not believe that anti-Semitism was the cause of his problems with Shields.  Savitt had beaten Shields badly in the quarterfinals of the New Jersey State Championships in 1948.

Post-retirement tennis career
Savitt returned to the competitive tennis scene part-time in 1956. In 1958, Savitt moved back to New York for business reasons and launched a part-time comeback in tennis. That year, he won his second National Indoors title, and in 1961 he captured his third—while remaining a weekend player. In 1981, he and his son, Robert, won the U.S. Father-Son doubles title.

Maccabiah Games; Israel
In 1961, he won gold medals in both singles (defeating American Mike Franks in the final), and doubles (with Franks, defeating South Africans Rod Mandelstam and Julie Mayers), at the 1961 Maccabiah Games in Israel, the third-largest sporting event in the world.  He was also very active in the Maccabi movement.

Savitt in addition helped develop the Israel Tennis Centers, beginning in 1973.  In 1998, he was the ITA overseas tennis director. In his 2007 book The Big Book of Jewish Sports Heroes: An Illustrated Compendium of Sports History and The 150 Greatest Jewish Sports Stars, author Peter S. Horvitz ranked Savitt the 9th-greatest Jewish athlete of all time.

Halls of fame
Savitt was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1976.  Savitt was also inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1979.  He was inducted into the Intercollegiate Tennis Association Men's Collegiate Tennis Hall of Fame in 1986.  Savitt was inducted into the National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1998, and into the USTA Eastern Tennis Hall of Fame in 1999.

After tennis
Following his competitive tennis career, Savitt entered the oil business in Louisiana.  He then worked for Lehman Brothers on Wall Street, and in 1985 joined Schroders. Savitt died on January 6, 2023, at the age of 95.

Grand Slam finals

Singles (two titles)

Doubles (two runner-ups)

Grand Slam performance timeline

See also
 List of select Jewish tennis players

References

External links

 Hall of Fame Magazine bio
 American Jewish Historical Society bio
 Jews in Sports bio
 Jewish Virtual Library bio

1927 births
2023 deaths
American male tennis players
Australian Championships (tennis) champions
Cornell Big Red men's basketball players
Cornell Big Red men's tennis players
Jewish American sportspeople
Jewish tennis players
Maccabiah Games gold medalists for the United States
Sportspeople from Bayonne, New Jersey
People from El Paso, Texas
International Tennis Hall of Fame inductees
Tennis people from New Jersey
Tennis people from Texas
Maccabiah Games medalists in tennis
Wimbledon champions (pre-Open Era)
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's singles
Competitors at the 1961 Maccabiah Games
American men's basketball players
Forwards (basketball)
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Military personnel from New Jersey
Military personnel from Texas
21st-century American Jews

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia