text:
2I/Borisov (предварительные обозначения: gb00234, C/2019 Q4 (Борисова)) — первая межзвёздная комета с гелиоцентрическим эксцентриситетом орбиты ε > 3.

Объект не является гравитационно связанным с Солнцем. Оценка скорости при уходе на бесконечность () составляет около  ( до  можно объяснить возмущениями от планет, воздействующих на объекты облака Оорта). Направление перемещения объекта — из созвездия Кассиопеи вблизи границы с созвездием Персея и очень близко к плоскости Галактики. Комета оказалась в перигелии 8 декабря 2019 года.

Открытие и исследования
Объект диаметром около  (угловой диаметр комы около 7 секунд дуги) с небольшим хвостом (угловая длина хвоста 15 секунд дуги) был открыт на границе созвездий Рыси и Рака 30 августа 2019 года в 01:03 UT по наблюдениям в обсерватории MARGO (L51, пгт. Научный) астрономом-любителем Геннадием Борисовым на 65-см телескопе собственной разработки. Позже на архивных снимках межзвёздная комета Борисова была обнаружена на фотографиях, сделанных 13 декабря 2018 года, 24 февраля, 17 марта, 9 апреля, 2 мая и 5 мая 2019 года в рамках проекта  (ZTF) 48-дюймовым (122 см) телескопом имени Самуэля Ошина в Паломарской обсерватории. На снимке от 21 ноября 2018 года комета ещё не видна, что указывает на то, что она стала активной между 21 ноября и 13 декабря 2018 года.

В момент открытия объект находился на расстоянии  от Солнца, звёздная величина составляла 17,8m. После нескольких наблюдений кометы было установлено, что она движется по гиперболической орбите, то есть пришла из-за пределов Солнечной системы.

9—10 сентября 2019 года с помощью многоцелевого спектрографа обсерватории Джемини, расположенной на вулкане Мауна-Кеа (Гавайи), удалось получить цветной снимок кометы.

12 сентября 2019 года Центр малых планет выпустил циркуляр об открытии первой межзвёздной кометы C/2019 Q4 (Борисова).

Дальнейшие наблюдения за движением кометы подтвердили её гиперболическую орбиту и межзвёздное происхождение, после чего 24 сентября 2019 года Международный астрономический союз официально утвердил новое название для первой межзвёздной кометы — 2I/Borisov, где I/ означает внесолнечное происхождение (от  — «межзвёздный»), а число 2 означает порядковый номер в списке межзвёздных объектов.

Вычислив примерную траекторию движения кометы, астрономы смогли локализовать вероятное место, где она вошла в Солнечную систему. На роль материнских звёздных систем межзвёздной кометы Борисова претендуют Росс 573, GJ 4384 и HD 34327.

В октябре 2019 года, за два месяца до ближайшего сближения кометы с Солнцем, её наблюдал телескоп Хаббл; было получено самое детальное изображение на сегодняшний день. В случае, если ядро кометы распадётся, как это иногда бывает с небольшими кометами, телескоп Хаббла можно будет использовать для изучения эволюции процесса распада.

С помощью прибора OSIRIS, установленного на Большом Канарском телескопе (Обсерватория Роке-де-лос-Мучачос), был получен первый спектр кометы, который оказался похож на спектр комет Солнечной системы. Результаты исследования показывают, что кометы в других планетных системах могут образовываться в результате процессов, аналогичных тем, которые привели к образованию комет в облаке Оорта в Солнечной системе. В составе комы кометы удалось определить молекулу моноциана CN, проявляющуюся в эмиссии линии с длиной волны 388,0 нм в ближнем ультрафиолете. Предположительно моноциан возникает под действием солнечного излучения при фотодиссоциации молекулы синильной кислоты HCN, которая испаряется с поверхности ядра кометы; скорость испарения на момент наблюдения (20 сентября 2019) составляла (3,7 ± 0,4)·1024 молекул в секунду, что близко к типичным значениям долгопериодических комет Солнечной системы на данном расстоянии от Солнца (). Никаких других характерных оптических линий в спектрах на начало октября 2019 обнаружить не удалось; в частности, не выявлена обычная (вторая по интенсивности) для внутрисолнечных комет линия диуглерода C2, но это также было бы ожидаемо и для типичной долгопериодической кометы на этом расстоянии. В целом, никакие особенности, отличающие комету 2I/Borisov от типичных комет Солнечной системы, пока не обнаружены. Астрономам из обсерватории Апачи-Пойнт в штате Нью-Мексико (США) при помощи дифракционного спектрометра высокого разрешения ARCES удалось обнаружить в спектре межзвёздной кометы 2I/Borisov характеристические линии кислорода 6300 Å, являющиеся индикатором присутствия воды. Вода испаряется с поверхности кометы со скоростью 6,3×1026 молекул в секунду.

16 ноября 2019 года, когда комета 2I/Borisov находилась на небе вблизи спиральной галактики 2MASX J10500165-0152029, с расстояния 327 млн км её сфотографировал космический телескоп Хаббл. Выяснилось, что радиус ядра кометы составляет полкилометра (при альбедо 0,04).

Обсерватория Swift с помощью своего  обнаружила в ультрафиолетовом диапазоне у кометы 2I/Borisov в период с 1 ноября по 1 декабря 2019 года увеличение количества образующихся молекул гидроксила (HO) с 7,0±1,5×1026 до 10,7±1,2×1026 молекул в секунду. К 21 декабря, уже после прохождения перигелия, количество образующихся молекул гидроксила снизилось до 4,9±0,9×1026 молекул в секунду.

15 и 16 декабря 2019 года радиотелескоп ALMA обнаружил, что газ, выходящий из кометы, содержит очень большое количество окиси углерода или угарного газа (СО) — в 9—26 раз выше среднестатистического содержания СО в кометах Солнечной системы, находящихся на аналогичном расстоянии от Солнца (не далее 2 а. е.). Также обнаружен цианистый водород или синильная кислота (HCN). С помощью автоматизированного 60-сантиметрового телескопа RC600, установленного в Кавказской горной обсерватории МГУ, учёные выяснили, что в газопылевом хвосте кометы Борисова нет мелких или крупных частиц водного льда, но имеется много силикатной и органической пыли (силикаты железа и магния, а также толины).

Распад
В начале марта 2020 года астрономы польско-американского проекта OGLE с помощью 1,3-метрового телескопа в Лас-Кампанасе заметили на комете 2I/Borisov две последовательные вспышки — она стала ярче примерно на 0,3m между 4 и 5 марта и примерно на 0,4m между 8 и 9 марта.

На снимке кометы 2I/Borisov, сделанном космическим телескопом «Хаббл» 28 марта видно двойное псевдоядро, тогда как на снимке от 23 марта видно одно яркое псевдоядро, такое же как на всех предыдущих снимках «Хаббла». На снимке, сделанном 30 марта, видно две компоненты, разделённые на 0,1″, что соответствует расстоянию 180 км. По оценкам, выброс крупного фрагмента в сторону Солнца произошёл примерно 7 марта, возможно, во время одной из вспышек, которые произошли около этого времени. Выброшенный фрагмент, по-видимому, исчез к 6 апреля 2020 года.

Спектроскопические исследования с помощью широкополосного (от УФ до ближнего ИК) спектрометра X-shooter, установленного на Очень большом телескопе (VLT) позволили обнаружить в холодной коме межзвёздной кометы 2I/Борисова на гелиоцентрическом расстоянии 2,322 а. е. (что эквивалентно равновесной температуре 180 кельвинов) газообразный атомарный никель.

Эксцентриситет
В случае пролёта межзвёздного объекта значение эксцентриситета его орбиты может быть больши́м (в частности, e > 3), поскольку объект не является гравитационно связанным с Солнцем, а малое изменение скорости вдали от Солнечной системы приводит к большому изменению эксцентриситета.
Для дуги наблюдения в течение 12 дней наилучшая аппроксимация наблюдаемых данных теоретической гиперболой приводит к значению эксцентриситета орбиты около 3,4 с проходом перигелия 7 декабря 2019 года на расстоянии  от Солнца (за орбитой Марса). По данным 151 наблюдения ресурс JPL's Scout приводит значения эксцентриситета в интервале 2,9—4,5.

По состоянию на первую декаду сентября 2019 года межзвёздная природа объекта ещё вызывала некоторые сомнения. Орбита могла оказаться в реальности лишь параболической, если объект подвержен очень сильному влиянию негравитационных сил (вследствие истечения сублимирующего газа), в большей степени чем все другие известные кометы. При учёте такого влияния негравитационных сил на орбиту итоговое решение могло дать эксцентриситет близкий к единице с минимальным расстоянием пересечения земной орбиты 0,34 а. е., перигелийным расстоянием 0,90 а. е. вблизи 30 декабря 2019 года. Однако с накоплением данных орбита оказалась гиперболической, что может свидетельствовать о межзвёздной природе кометы.

Асимптота гиперболической орбиты соответствует следующим координатам точки на небесной сфере, откуда двигалась комета до вхождения в Солнечную систему (с погрешностью около 1 градуса): прямое восхождение 02ч06м, склонение 59,9°.

Примечания
Комментарии

Источники

Ссылки

 Low Resolution Optical Spectra and Diatomic Carbon Detections of 2I/Borisov
 Searching for water ice in the coma of interstellar object 2I/Borisov
 FLAMINGOS-2 infrared photometry of 2I/Borisov
 Форум астрономов, Геннадий Борисов сообщает «вполне вероятно, что это может быть новая комета»
 Анимация обнаруженного объекта
 Астрономы рассказали, как выглядит межзвёздная комета
 Встреча-беседа с ловцом комет Геннадием Борисовым
 Tony Dunn. Моделирование гиперболической траектории

Межзвёздные объекты
Гиперболические кометы

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Play around and lock up your lover with these great and naughty Beginner's Handcuffs. The locking mechanism has a quick release button in case you lose both keys.
Ouch Beginner's Handcuffs Furry - Red.
Review "Ouch Beginner's Handcuffs Furry - Red"


text:
Artists in Lockdown: Stewart Geddes PPRWA
Andrew Nixon June 10, 2020 June 15, 2020 Artists
In a special series, we asked artists associated with the RWA about how the COVID-19 lockdown has affected their life and work. The next artist is Academician and former President of the RWA, Stewart Geddes…
"…It's still too early for me to judge how well my painting has functioned under the new circumstances. I continue to make work. That's the important thing."
Stewart Geddes – 'Untitled 1' acrylic on canvas 40x51cm
"Early on during the pandemic, I made the decision to relocate the studio to one of our bedrooms at home. Having dismantled a bed and moved out all the furniture, I laid some plywood sheets to protect the floor, and deposited a stack of small canvasses, a selection of brushes, paints and other paraphernalia I'd brought back from the studio. I decided this was an opportunity – I've always liked G K Chesterton's maxim that a nuisance is an adventure wrongly considered – to have a sustained period of working small.
"My initial optimism was quickly brought into question as the relation between body, gesture and canvas size as a mechanism for releasing ideas, and which is central to my improvised practice, felt awkward and hemmed-in on the small scale.
"There was also the backdrop of the disorientation that sprang from the Covid crisis itself – of the communal, psychological bewilderment it set in train; of simple human habits that had to be, and continue to be, suspended.
"An early casualty of the 'new normal' casualty (admittedly, a relatively trivial one) was a planned 10th anniversary Open at BV Studios. It had seemed appropriate timing for a studio sale. In its place I formulated an E-catalogue and sent it to people in my address book. Ironically, the 'reach' of the sale was extended around the country, and to my delight, it generated a lot of sales. It was interesting, and frankly a relief, after weeks of quarantine, to leave the city and drive around the country delivering paintings.
"It's still too early for me to judge how well my painting has functioned under the new circumstances (an example of 4 of them are included here). I've begun to incrementally spend more time back in the studio in Bedminster, and now spend part of the week there, and part in my bedroom studio. I continue to make work. That's the important thing.
"Like so many others, I was disappointed to miss the Wilhemina Barnes-Graham exhibition at the RWA. I understand it may be extended as lockdown is lifted. My own view is that galleries are not exactly football grounds (or horse racetracks come to that) in the way people stand cheek-by-jowl, and so audiences should be allowed back into galleries and museums relatively early in the process of unlocking.
"I'll be back in the RWA as soon as I can. We should be under no illusion how fragile its bottom line is, so I urge you all to visit as soon as you're able. And please, look out for the coming Secret Postcard Auction, and support it if you can."
Stewart Geddes is a renowned abstract expressionist painter, with work in numerous public collections including the Royal Collection and the Royal College of Art. Based at BV Studios in Bedminster, Bristol, he has shown widely in the UK and overseas. He also teaches fine art – recently as an Associate Lecturer at Bournemouth Arts University and at the University of Gloucestershire.
He studied at Bristol Polytechnic under Alfred Stockham in the 1980s, and later at the RCA. An Honorary Academician of both the Royal Academy and the Royal Scottish Academy, Stewart was President of the RWA from 2016 to 2019.
Concept and interview by Laurel Smart
The Friends of the RWA is an independent charity that supports the Royal West of England Academy, Bristol's first art gallery.
For just £35 a year Friends can make unlimited visits to RWA exhibitions and enjoy a host of other benefits, as well as making an important contribution to the arts in Bristol and the South West. Find out more and join up here.
Academicians, Artists
Previous Artists in Lockdown: Fiona Robinson PRWA
Next Artists in Lockdown: Ros Ford VPRWA

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
package com.udacity.gamedev.gigagal.util;

import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Color;
import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Vector2;

public class Constants {

    public static final Color BACKGROUND_COLOR = Color.SKY;

    public static final float WORLD_SIZE = 128;
    public static final String TEXTURE_ATLAS = "images/gigagal.pack.atlas";

    public static final String STANDING_RIGHT = "standing-right";
    public static final String STANDING_LEFT = "standing-left";
    public static final String JUMPING_RIGHT = "jumping-right";
    public static final String JUMPING_LEFT = "jumping-left";

    public static final String WALKING_RIGHT_1 = "walk-1-right";
    public static final String WALKING_LEFT_1 = "walk-1-left";
    public static final String WALKING_RIGHT_2 = "walk-2-right";
    public static final String WALKING_LEFT_2 = "walk-2-left";
    public static final String WALKING_RIGHT_3 = "walk-3-right";
    public static final String WALKING_LEFT_3 = "walk-3-left";

    public static final float WALK_LOOP_DURATION = 0.25f;

    public static final Vector2 GIGAGAL_EYE_POSITION = new Vector2(16, 24);
    public static final float GIGAGAL_EYE_HEIGHT = 16.0f;

    public static final float GIGAGAL_MOVE_SPEED = WORLD_SIZE / 2;

    public static final float JUMP_SPEED = 1.5f * WORLD_SIZE;
    public static final float MAX_JUMP_DURATION = .1f;

    public static final float GRAVITY = WORLD_SIZE / 10;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Richard Parker or Cowardly Lion?
Today I am thinking about two very different movie portrayals of members of the cat family. The two movies are 'Life of Pi' and 'Wizard of Oz'. For those who have seen both movies, they may not have appeared similar, but there is a common theme: Both movies are about a young adult who is put in a strange world (Pi on a boat in the Pacific, Dorothy in the land of Oz), they make their ways home with the help of non-human creatures. It just so happens that one of the companions to each lost adolescent is a type of a cat. Not cat as in domestic cat, but cat as in 'Big Cat' – the lion and tiger variety. In these two movies, the big cats could not be more different in personality.
In the movie 'Life of Pi', one of the lead characters is a Bengal tiger known as 'Richard Parker'. Richard Parker is ferocious at the outset, but becomes slightly tamed, enough so that he and Pi are able to co-exist on a boat adrift in the Pacific Ocean. Their co-existence is not easy, it requires Pi to continually show he is unafraid and able to stand his ground.
In the movie 'Wizard of Oz', a lead character is referred to as the 'Cowardly Lion'. The Cowardly Lion is appropriately named and begins very fearful, only learning how to be brave after surviving frightening situations with Dorothy and others. It is not until nearly the end of the movie that the lion realizes he had unknown strength inside himself all along.
Despite the cats very different personalities – Richard Parker as strong and unafraid and Cowardly Lion as timid and fearful, they both serve similar roles to their young human counterparts – helping them survive in a strange environment and become stronger. Richard Parker brings out Pi's strength to survive by forcing Pi to become assertive and constantly monitor his surroundings – keeping alert. Cowardly Lion helps Dorothy become stronger as she tries to help him overcome his fears and make his way with her to see the Wizard. The different ways they help their human companion survive may reflect the way we perceive strength in the different genders. In men, we expect strength to be shown outwardly, with a strong roar, and with women, we expect strength to be shown less overtly, through encouragement and support in challenging situations. If those stereotypes are true, then each cat did his part well.
So if you were in need of courage, who would you be – Pi standing up to Richard Parker or Dorothy helping the Cowardly Lion? Roar!


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text:
Nelson Residents Association
YOUR CIVIC GUARDIAN
Where and When We Meet
Historical Issues
Trafalgar Centre
NRA Conference 2018
Nelson Council Meetings
Brook - Helen Black
Nelson Mail - Voices by Helen Black May 2014
As a Brook Valley resident, I have come to the conclusion that I do not need a television as I, unwittingly, have a first class seat to watch the convoluted drama of local government in action unfold in front of my very eyes.
The focal point is the attractive land of the 88-year-old Brook Valley Holiday Park, which adjoins the Nelson City Council's Waterworks Reserve in the upper Brook Valley.
When the council in February announced its proposal to close the campground, with its 50 permanent residents joining the statistics as 'collateral damage', the need for the council to use ratepayers' money to support pet projects once again came to mind, however exciting the initial proposal of a bird sanctuary may be.
I am aware that developments involving residential and recreational areas come with pros and cons.
As an earlier, not-consulted-on, council led initiative for the Brook made it less attractive for me to live here, I wanted information. If one is not into mountain biking, or paying for a walk or a gondola ride, the cons stack up.
I found out that in 2010, the council made the decision to "take over the management of the Brook camp to provide for the alignment of management of this area with the future development needs of the [Brook Waimarama] sanctuary over the next three years." (sanctuary's newsletter, December 2010) - and that the sanctuary's needs as a business venture now encompass the needs of partners who the sanctuary decides to sublease to.
The council liaised with selected stakeholders, donated over $1 million towards the pest-proof fence plus unknown "sensitive" council capital expenses, rezoned land, and planned for a track and paper road to connect the upper Brook with Stoke and Bishopdale.
The council approved partners of the sanctuary trust to lay claim to additional land within the campground before any lease agreement is finalised.
The council gave $15,000 towards a feasibility study for a gondola and adventure park for bikers, and then a new accounting model that was used as the final nail in the coffin for the Brook camp.
The council scoffs at "conspiracy" theories.
But the reality is that for the last four years or so, it has put the wagon in front of the horse and avoided initiating any public debate.
Unfortunately for the council, the Brook campground falls under the heading of strategic assets, which obliges the council to consult with the public, and councillors are obliged to vote on this matter with an open mind.
After finally acknowledging the permanent campground residents as stakeholders, the council said it welcomed any proposal they could present as a way forward for the campground.
The residents' response is that a vital chunk of the campground's land has been allocated for buildings and car parking, and it will not be viable to run a campground on what land is left. What, then, is there to consult on?
To mitigate any adverse reaction around a closure of the campground, the council ensured that the Brook's permanent residents could join the Maitai campground's 14 or so permanent residents, provided their homes complied with existing regulations.
Never mind that the law says that campers are not allowed to stay for more than 50 days in one spot. This has so far has been ignored, with specific sites allocated for permanent residents by campgrounds around New Zealand, including the Brook.
Is the Nelson council willing to open a national can of worms over existing campgrounds' practices and affordable housing shortages - and, in effect, render a small population homeless?
As the council have used public money to support these developments, I believe the public should be privy to all information before a lease agreement is signed.
There are questions I want to ask the council concerning the sanctuary and its partners. What if, in five years' time, visitor targets are not being met? If unforeseen expenses occur, who will pick up the tab?  And is the land stable enough to support these developments, including the fence? What do the geotech reports say?
I do not envy the current council, which is stuck with this consultation charade. But to be silent is not helpful - and if the public, via the council, are to support these ventures, information needs to be readily available.
Before this consultation, albeit several years too late, I believe that the council needs to instigate a public meeting, so we all have a chance to ask questions and make informed decisions before the existing Brook Valley Holiday Park is gobbled up.
Helen Black
Nelson Website Design by Acwela Ltd.


Let the humanitarians pay the price for their own goodness, just for once!
There it is...the stupidest f--king thing to fly out of the computers I've read all day.
btw, maybe we should be tougher so this eurotrash hussy would not be here.
SO YOU DON'T WANT THE ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS CHILDREN SEPERATED FROM THEIR FAMILY? SO YOU WOULD RATHER THEY BE PUT IN JAIL WITH THE ADULTS?


Ligue 1 – Follow the Football match between Lille OSC and RC Strasbourg Alsace live with Eurosport. The match starts at 03:45 on 10 November 2018. Our live coverage lets you follow all the key moments as they happen.


We at Squeaky Clean Rugs provide almost all types of Carpet cleaning services. Our carpet cleaning services include carpet steam cleaning, carpet dry cleaning, wool carpet cleaning, pet hair removal from carpet, carpet shampooing, carpet y mould restoration, carpet vacuuming, Carpet Stain Removal, eco-friendly non-harmful carpet cleaning chemical, carpet healthguard™ treatment, fast carpet drying after steam cleaning and so on. We provide wide ranges of carpet cleaning services at the lowest prices in Melbourne. Call us on 1300 3622 17 to avail our quality and affordable carpet cleaning services.


Spotted at CES 2010 and now finally available for purchase, Tunebug's Shake is a portable "sound generator" that turns any bike or snowboard helmet into a mobile speaker system.
With touch-sensitive controls and Bluetooth wireless compatibility, the Shake takes both the hassle and danger out of wearing earbuds with cords connected to an mp3 player. By simply placing two fingers on the control, the water-resistant Shake powers on emitting a decent amount of volume for personal surround sound.
The Shake also works when not in action or wirelessly connected, performing as a standard speaker by hooking up to iPods and mobile phones.
Now available online, the Shake sells for $100 from Tunebug or at select Apple stores.


text:
A Diversity egy kizárólag férfiakból álló utcai táncos társulat, akik akkor lettek igazán híresek, mikor 2009 májusban megnyerték a Britain's Got Talent 3. sorozatának a döntőjét. A csoport 2007-ben jött létre, tagjai eredetileg Kelet-Londonban (Dagenhamben, Leytonstone-ban) és Essexben laktak. A csapatot három testvérpár és négy barátjuk alkotja. Többen közülük még iskolába vagy egyetemre járnak, de az idősebb tagok között van informatikai rendszermérnök, fürdőszoba-szerelő és értékesítő is. Első aktív évükben megnyerték a Brit Nemzeti Utcatánc versenyt.

Vezetőjük, aki Ashley Banjo fizikus egyetemi hallgató és koreográfus, a következőket mondta "14 éves korom óta tanulok saját magam különböző eljárásokat, és emiatt lettem koreográfus."  A csoport megerősítette azokat a híreket, melyek alapján július 5-én részt vesznek a Hyde Parkban a Wireless zenei fesztiválon.

Tagok
A 12–25 év közötti tagok a Britain's Got Talent felvétele alatt Ashley és Jordan Banjo, Mitchell és Sam Craske, Ike Ezekwugo, Perri Luc Kiely, Ian, Jamie és Matthew McNaughton, Warren Russell és Terry Smith voltak .

Britain's Got Talent

A csoport elindult a Britain's Got Talent harmadik évadában, és megnyerte ezt a versenyt. A zsűrinek nagyon tetszett az előadásuk, és Amanda Holden ezt mondta: "Ez a műsor éppen azért briliáns, mert mikor már azt gondolom, hogy mindent láttam, és már semmi nem lehet jobb, akkor jöttök ti." Piers Morgan azt mondta, a koreográfus zseni, és azt mondta, a Diversity "már a csúcson van, a legjobb táncosok közé tartoznak, akiket valaha láttunk".

A Diversity a május 24-i elődöntőben szerepelt, de itt a nézők szavazata alapján Susan Boyle nyert, és a zsűri a Diversity és Natalie Okri közül dönthette el, ki jut még be a döntőbe. Itt a Diversityt választották, így ők jutottak a május 30-i szombati döntőbe.

A 2009. május 30-i két előadás közül a másodikban a Diversity Susan Boyle-lal és Julian Smith-szel közösen bejutott a legjobb három közé. Miután Julian Smithről kiderült hogy harmadik lett, az is világossá vált, hogy a fogadóirodák által jegyzett 16/1-hez arány ellenére a Diversity  a szavazatok 24,9%-ával megnyerte a versenyt. Boyle utána azt mondta a Diversityre, hogy 'A legjobb emberek nyertek.' Az este folyamán korábban Simon Cowell azt mondta, a Diversity produkciója volt az egyetlen, melyre tízből tíz pontot adna.

A Britain'S Got Talent után

A versenyt megnyerő csoport decemberben a királynő előtt fog szerepelni a Royal Variety Showban.

A Diversity a Britain'S Got Talentben ellene induló Flawless csoporttal és az előző versenyt megnyerő George Sampsonnal szerepelni fog a StreetDance brit 3D-sfilmben. A filmet előreláthatólag 2010 végén mutatják majd be.

A csoport szerepelt a Larry King Live 2009. június 6-i műsorában, ahol további terveikről beszéltek.

Jegyzetek

Fordítás

Angolok
Táncművészek


CD packaging design for Coro Cantabile (original art, and final design).
I was asked to design the CD jacket for a choral group called "Coro Cantabile", based in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. The CD they recorded was a Christmas CD. The funding for the CD project was from an outside resource, so this became a classic case of working with the funder instead of the actual group. Because of this, my original designs were rejected and my I was controlled into a completely different design.
The first thing you'll see here are my original designs, which really captured the essence of what Coro Cantabile was all about, including my rendering of a church they did several performances in. Then you'll see the design as it ended up for the final CD. Towards the bottom you'll see splash page and a short video I produced for the groups as well, for their CD release party.
My original design for the front cover insert.
My original design for the CD print.
My original design for the back of the CD case.
My original design for the inside of the insert.
The final design for the CD cover and insert.
The final design for the CD print.
The final design for the CD case back.
The final design for the inside of the CD case insert.
Simple splash page design to promote their CD and CD release party.
The video I shot and edited as a promo for the CD.


To enroll in online classes at Seminole State, please visit our Steps to Enroll page, choose your admit type and follow the steps. Once you reach the Register for Classes step, choose an online section of your selected courses(s) during the enrollment process.
All students will create a MySeminoleState account as part of their Steps to Enroll. MySeminoleState is the online portal for students to register for classes and access their grades, financial aid information, student email, personal information and more. You can also access select portions of your student information on the go with My.SeminoleState Mobile. For more information, visit the MySeminoleState help page.
When you register for an online course, you will use Canvas, the online learning management system, to access your course information. Visit the Canvas information page to learn more about logging in to the system and how to use its features.
Once you've started with Seminole Online, be sure to visit the student resources page to learn about services available to online students.


On Tuesday, March 27, 2018 Fieldstead and Company sponsored a special screening of the documentary film More Art Upstairs at the New Port Theater in Corona del Mar, CA. The film, produced and directed by Jody Hassett Sanchez, calls into question the role of art in our lives, explores the conversations that are elicited as a result of the contemplation of art and denotes the varying reactions of community members to the development of art spaces in their midst; all amid the backdrop of ArtPrize, a vast, independently organized international art competition which takes place for 19 days each fall in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Featuring working artists Judith Braun, Nick Kline, Marissa Voytenko, Leah Smith, Michael Townsend, Kevin Buist, Michael Rakowitz, writer and journalist Robin Cembalist, curator Sarah Urist Green, curator Lisa Freiman, curator Justine Ludwig and curator Dan Cameron.
From the production's website: "For three weeks in September, beer-fueled debates in the bars of one Michigan town aren't about sports and politics but art. Hundreds of thousands of people come to Grand Rapids to engage with blue-chip artists in ways that rarely happen at Art Basel or other established art events, unless you're a major collector or critic.


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Everything you need to know about residential solar, federal and state tax incentive updates and more.
Financial Questions
About the Process
What is net metering?
Several US states have laws in place that require utility companies to track both the production and consumption of power at a customer's home. When you install a solar power system on your rooftop or property, you will have a bidirectional meter installed to track the energy your system produces during the day, as well as any consumption of power from the grid that is used at night or when it's cloudy. If your system overproduces, the excess power is sent back into the grid and builds credits on your utility account to use when your system isn't producing as much. This process is called net metering.
What happens to my utility bill?
Once you go solar, you will have two bills: Your new, dramatically reduced solar energy bill, and a smaller utility bill for any energy leftover that you need to use from the grid. Depending on the size of your system, your utility bill could be offset by up to 99% ─ but most utility companies charge a minimal fee that you are still responsible for paying.
How do solar panels withstand inclement weather conditions?
Most high-quality solar panels are built to withstand snow piles and up to one inch of hail. You can confirm this with your solar representatives during the enrollment process to ensure you are receiving the best products the industry has to offer. With energy storage as a service, you'll be able to control your home's energy efficiency to further reduce your monthly electricity expenses.
What happens at night or on cloudy days?
Solar panels produce energy when the sun is shining. At night or when it's cloudy, the system will use credits from excess power that was overproduced from the system during the day. This is the primary reason that on-grid solar solutions rely on the utility grid and net metering laws to provide supplemental power when the system isn't producing.
What happens if the power goes out?
For the safety of grid workers, your system is required to turn itself off if you lose utility power. Once the power is restored, the system will automatically turn itself back on. An off-grid power system or one with battery backup would continue to run during the day if you lost power.
When is my solar power system producing power and how reliable is it?
Solar power systems produce power when they are exposed to sunlight. Depending on how the system is engineered, it will start operating at sunrise and shut down at sunset. The intensity of the solar rays determines how much power is produced by the solar power system.
Solar power is an extremely reliable source of energy. The technology has been around for several decades, and there are installed systems that have been producing viable energy for over 25+ years.
What size solar power system do I need?
The size of your solar power system is determined by your current electricity consumption and monthly budget. Additionally, the amount of roof space or ground space you have available for installation will also gauge the percentage of solar capacity your home's energy use can fulfill.
Can I still go solar if I have trees shading parts of my roof?
Even if there is some shading on your roof, you still have options as long as your roof receives sunlight. We can install a system on the area of your roof that is not shaded, and you may also be able to trim the trees shading your roof to make more room. A system installed with micro inverters can also help reduce the effects of shading.
Will my roof leak if I install solar panels on it?
Our quality of products, types of flashing, and racking methods help prevent your roof from leaking as a result of solar system installation. Suntuity Solar also assesses the age and condition of your roof prior to scheduling an installation – so if you are in need of roof replacements or repairs, we will work with you on the logistics to ensure it is ready for solar panels. In the rare instance that your roof does leak due to our installation of the system, we have a workmanship warranty in place that is disclosed in your solar agreement.
Do I need a new roof before I get a solar power system?
If your roof is over 10 years old, it's wise to replace or repair it while preparing your home for a solar installation. This due diligence ensures that the roof will last as long as the solar system that is installed.
Suntuity Solar can assess the age and condition of your roof prior to installation and may be able to assist with some of the work.
What are the advantages of installing a solar power system on the ground?
Ground-based solar power systems have several advantages over rooftop systems, including higher outputs, better tilt and orientation, and easier maintenance. The installation itself is a bit more invasive of your property, and not every homeowner has enough yard space ─ which is why the majority of solar customers choose to install panels on their rooftop.
I belong to a homeowners' association. Can I still install a solar power system?
Most homeowners' associations allow the installation of solar power systems, provided that certain requirements are met. Your solar representative should review these requirements carefully before installing a solar power system on your roof or property.
I own a townhome. Can I install a solar power system?
Most likely, yes. Most townhomes qualify for solar power system installation.
What kinds of performance guarantees are offered as part of the lease?
As part of our lease, we offer a system performance guarantee throughout the entire length of your solar agreement. If the system does not perform as promised, we will compensate you for any electricity losses.
What happens to the solar power system after my solar lease agreement ends?
As part of our lease agreement, you retain the right to extend it or purchase the system. We can also remove the system when the lease term is complete, if preferred.
What happens if I decide to sell my house during the lease term?
Our leases, as well as our buyout option and production guarantees, are fully transferable to the new property owner. Solar can increase your home's resale value by up to $15,000, and the new owner will be inheriting monthly electricity savings.
How does solar leasing work, and what benefits do I get from leasing my system?
Solar leasing offers a lower monthly electricity bill for $0 down. The rates are locked in and will never fluctuate, so you know what you'll be paying today, tomorrow, and for the entire length of your solar agreement. Once the lease expires, you'll have the option of purchasing the system, extending the lease, or removing it. You can also choose a prepayment option upfront which will reduce your monthly lease payments even more.
Do you offer financing options for solar power systems?
Yes! In addition to the traditional $0 down solar leasing option, we also offer power purchase agreements (PPAs) for zero upfront costs. PPAs allow you to pay for the power your system produces every month, while leasing is a flat monthly rate that does not fluctuate.
If you'd like to own your solar system, we offer $0 down loan payment options which will allow you to take advantage of the 26% federal tax credit.
What kind of environmental benefits can I expect from an average solar power system?
An average home consumes approximately 10,000 kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year. Installing a solar power system that offsets the same amount of usage will reduce 15,000 pounds of CO2 each year. This is the equivalent of the carbon eliminated by 1.5 acres of forests.
Solar power is a renewable form of energy that eliminates the need for the burning of fossil fuels, which are directly responsible for global and environmental damage. There are no emissions during the production of solar power, and it is one of the cleanest forms of renewable energy worldwide. In addition, solar power systems are relatively maintenance-free, which further reduces the carbon footprint.
Traditional electric sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas result in the emission of harmful greenhouse gasses, some of which are toxic and extremely detrimental to the environment. Fossil fuels are, and continue to be, one of the largest causes of global warming. Depleting fossil fuel sources also cause dramatic spikes in the cost of energy, which can be mitigated by the implementation of clean solar energy.
For more information, please visit the United States Environmental Protection Agency site.
When is it a good time to get a solar power system?
The best time to get a solar power system is, simply put, as soon as possible. With federal, state and local solar incentives at some of the highest rates they have ever been, the financial benefits of implementing a solar power system is a no-brainer. The federal ITC is set to expire at the end of 2021, so it makes sense for homeowners to make the switch now and get the most out of the financial benefit.
Do my property taxes or property insurance rates change if I install a solar power system?
The increase in property value is due to a renewable energy solution, so your property taxes cannot increase ─ but your insurance will increase marginally to cover any losses that may occur due to your newly installed system. The increase is usually around $75-$100 per year for a typical residential system.
What kind of approvals do I need to use solar power?
Approvals required for the installation of a solar power system vary from state to state. In general, almost all territories require approvals from the state, utility and local municipality. The approvals are usually required both before and after the installation of the system.
What kind of maintenance is needed?
Solar power systems, if installed correctly, require minimal maintenance. There are no moving parts. Most high-quality panels and inverters have warranties of up to 25+ years.
What if I already have a system installed by another solar installer?
Suntuity Solar offers energy storage even if you already have a system installed. With storage as a service, you can increase your power savings while enjoying reliable, uninterrupted power despite any weather conditions.
Give us a shout at 855.SUNTUITY to explore your options in further detail.
How is Suntuity Solar different from other installers?
Every Suntuity Solar system is customized and engineered for the needs of each homeowner. Our mission is to deliver the best quality products and services that maximize both solar output and electricity savings. Qualified homeowners typically save up to 30% or more every month with Suntuity Solar.
What is "EV"?
"EV" is an acronym for Electric Vehicles. These vehicles can either run on 100% electric power or function as hybrids that use a combination of gasoline and electricity. With EV adoption on the rise across the US, many states have started offering incentives for EV purchases.
Suntuity offers affordable installation for charging stations in your garage or driveway. Visit https://suntuityhome.com/products/ev-charging-stations/ to get a free estimate.
How does energy storage work?
Battery storage keeps your lights on when the power goes out, allowing your home to operate autonomously from the grid. It stores the energy your solar system overproduces so that you can have continuous, uninterrupted power when you need it.
Suntuity Solar offers battery storage with $0 down solar enrollment as part of our Solar Storage Program. We also offer battery storage for homeowners that already have solar installed and homeowners that do not qualify for solar. Explore your options here: https://suntuitysolar.com/battery-storage
How does solar actually work?
There are five main steps to how solar power works after your system is activated:
1) Sunlight hits the solar panels on your rooftop and creates DC (Direct Current) electricity.
2) Solar energy inverters convert DC power into useable AC (Alternating Current) electricity.
3) The electrical panel distributes clean power throughout your home that reduces harmful carbon emissions.
4) Any excess power produced is sent back to the electrical grid to build credits on your home's utility account in a process called net metering.
5) Your utility company will power your home with the stored credits at night or during inclement weather ─ so there is never a gap in your energy usage.
Visit https://www.suntuitysolar.com/learn-about-solar/ for more in-depth information about solar.
Where Can I Put My Solar Panels?
It's a long-believed myth that the only place solar panels can be installed is on a south-facing roof that sits under 365 days of sunshine. In reality, a solar panel system can be installed almost anywhere on your roof. If your rooftop isn't a good candidate, the system can be installed on the ground.
There are a number of factors that solar panel installation companies take into consideration when making this decision. Let's take a closer look at the two places you can put your home solar panels – the roof or the ground – and the benefits of each.
On Your Roof
The most common place to install PV solar panels is on the rooftop. The panels receive the most sunlight this way and won't interfere with your home's curb appeal. Where the panels are installed depends on a few factors:
Direction. South-facing roofs are ideal for solar because they receive the most sunlight. However, a west-facing or east-facing roof can still produce a lot of energy.
Pitch angle. Any roof with a pitch of 15 to 40 degrees is suitable for solar panel installation. Even flat roofs can handle solar systems, providing that the panels are mounted at an appropriate angle.
Size and shape. A large square roof is ideal for a PV solar system. Additionally, most solar panel systems require around 500 square feet of space. Again, there is some flexibility here. Do keep in mind that skylights, chimneys, and domes take away some space.
Shade. The panels need as much sun as possible, so some obstructions can be a problem. Before installing the solar system, we may ask that you trim trees so that the most sunlight gets through to your roof.
If your roof is not an ideal candidate for a solar system (due to obstructions, older roof, or no sun), you may be able to have it installed on the ground. Ground-mounted solar systems are mounted on the flat ground and can be positioned south or west. This is a huge advantage because they can be manipulated to generate the most energy.
The drawback to installing solar panels on the ground is that they take up a lot of space and can detract from the appearance of your home. If you want ground-mounted solar panels to work for your home, you'll need a large, open space.
How Is Solar Energy Stored?
Curious to know where your energy goes once it has been generated by your solar panels? This is a good question, because on cloudy days and nights, the energy your system produces is little to none. Therefore, your solar system must be able to tap into stored energy to continue providing power to your home.
Homeowners with solar panel systems have two main options for solar electricity storage: the electric grid and battery packs. Let's learn more about these energy storage technologies and the benefits of both.
Before the 1990s, all solar systems were independent of the grid, hence the term "living off the grid." If homes wanted to keep their lights on after dark, they would draw energy from their battery banks. In the 21st century, the majority of PV systems no longer use batteries. Instead, they are tied to the electric grid, a complex system that balances supply and demand.
When your solar system produces excess energy, it's sent to the grid. When your home isn't producing energy (i.e., at night), you can pull from the grid. For energy sent to the grid that isn't used, you can get a credit on your electric bill, which is a process known as net metering.
Grid-tied solar electric systems have benefits for both individuals and society. Solar customers get to send excess energy to the grid without having to worry about storage. Society benefits because solar energy is cleaner, and excess energy can drive down electric prices because more energy is being produced than consumed.
Batteries remain another efficient option for storing excess energy. There are many batteries on the market, but they all have the same concept: to store electrical energy in chemical form until it is ready to be used. Batteries have a number of advantages, including that they can be installed along with your solar panel system and able to tolerate frequent wear and tear.
When you install a solar battery as part of your system, you can store excess energy at your home instead of on the grid. At night or on cloudy days, you can draw energy from the battery. When your battery is fully charged and you're producing energy, it is sent to the grid.
Should You Install a Solar Battery?
If you're interested in installing a PV system on your home, talk to a solar energy provider about the best option. As long as your utility company compensates you for your solar power, you don't need to install a battery. Most utilities offer net metering, which means you'll see a credit on your electric bill for excess energy produced. That said, there are certain situations where you can benefit from having a battery installed, such as if your utility company has demand charges or does not offer net metering.
To learn more about your options for residential solar energy, contact Suntuity Solar today.
What is "Vampire Power"?
Don't let your electricity bills trick you this Halloween. Standby power, also known as "vampire power", "vampire draw", "phantom load" or "ghost load", refers to energy that is consumed by appliances and other equipment when turned off.
It's often used to describe common everyday devices that use a small amount of power even when they're not active.
For example: A coffee maker that isn't brewing, a TV and/or cable box that is plugged in even while turned off, or a computer that's not being used.
You may not think much of it, but these devices can actually reflect up to 20% of your monthly electricity usage on your monthly bill.
By replacing some of your household items with more energy efficient products (like LED light bulbs) and unplugging your appliances when you're not using them can make a huge difference not only in your energy costs, but in reducing wasteful energy that is contributing to pollution. Cut down on "vampire power" even more by installing solar panels on your roof or property — you'll be generating cleaner, cheaper and more efficient energy overall and will start seeing significantly reduced monthly bills.
How Long Should My Solar Panels Last?
A solar panel system is an investment, so one of the first questions that people ask is how long they can expect their panels to last. This is a good question that has a fairly straightforward answer: typically 25-30 years. However, there is more to this answer than what meets the eye. It's likely that your solar panels will last much longer than this.
Let's cover this topic in more detail so that you can have a better understanding of your solar system's lifespan.
Most Warranties are Good for 25 Years
Solar panels are generally warrantied for 25 years, so you can expect your system to last at least this long. In reality, you can expect your panels to last much longer, just as a refrigerator lasts longer than its one year warranty.
With that being said, it is important to know that solar panels do lose their efficiency over time. After 25 years, energy production declines by a "significant" amount according to manufacturers, hence the reason why the warranty ends around this time. How much is a "significant" amount? Let's find out.
Studies show that solar panels lose around 0.8% efficiency each year. Some brands will have less or more degradation, but the good news is that as technology improves, this rate is getting smaller and smaller. However, to be on the safe side you should assume that your panels lose around 1% efficiency each year. With these numbers, your panels will still be producing energy at 75-85% of their rated output in 25 years.
What Happens after 25 Years?
According to an NREL study, 80% of solar panels live longer than their warranties. So, if your warranty is up and your solar panels are still producing energy, there is no reason to replace them. But, you do want to take extra precautions to care for your solar system since it will no longer be under warranty. Be prepared to replace batteries and inverters to keep things running.
Additionally, plan to get your solar panels checked by your installer each year. This quick inspection ensures that there are no areas of concern, such as exposed wires or loose racking. This is also a good time to check for animals nesting under the panels or branches that need to be pulled away from the roof.
When manufacturers talk about solar panel systems, it's usually in regard to the 25-year warranty. However, solar panels typically last much longer than this, though with decreased efficiency. Still, this is not a reason to replace your solar panels, as they will still be capable of producing solar energy for your home.
To learn more about residential solar panels and how long you can expect them to last on your property, contact Suntuity Solar today.
What are the Best Residential Solar Panels Available?
Are you ready to transform your life with solar energy? Households feel amazingly freed when they trade in regular electricity for solar electricity. No longer do you have to depend on the electric companies with their high prices that continue to rise. Solar power provides a healthier environment for you and your family and it offers huge rewards in the form of Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs).
If you're ready to transition to solar energy, the next step is determining which residential solar panels are best for your home. We'll break down the most popular solar panels available, but be sure to discuss your options in more detail with your installer.
Roughly 90 percent of the world's solar powered systems are made from some form of silicon. The major difference is the purity of the material. The idea is that pure silicon is more effective at converting sunlight into energy. While this is true, it costs money to make silicon pure. Taking away some of the purity is often necessary for making PV systems more affordable.
Let's look closer at the most popular types of silicon solar panels on the market.
Monocrystalline (mono-Si) Solar Panels
Solar cells made of monocrystalline silicon are space efficient and have an even-appearance. Because they have the highest efficiency rates, you need less of them to produce power for your home. Monocrystalline panels use the highest-grade silicon and have a long lifespan of at least 25 years. If you are leaning towards monocrystalline panels, check with your installer on if they are able to get them. They tend to be more expensive, but most solar installers have made them much more affordable to the average homeowner in recent years, which is why you've started noticing them more.
Polycrystalline (poly-Si) Solar Panels
Solar cells made of polycrystalline silicon may not be as efficient as monocrystalline silicon, but they are still highly effective at converting sunlight into energy. They are also more affordable because they use less silicon. Homeowners typically like the look of these panels because they have a gentle blue hue. With this type of solar panel you will need more of them, so expect a larger portion of your roof to be covered.
Amorphous Silicon (a-Si) Solar Panels
Traditionally, amorphous silicon has been used in small applications, such as pocket watches because it has a low output. However, the latest innovations allow amorphous silicon to be used in large applications, such as solar systems. To achieve this, several layers of amorphous silicon cells are stacked on top of each other to create better efficiency. However, stacking is expensive and these panels generally have shorter warranties and lifespans.
Thin-Film Solar Cells (TFSC)
Thin-film solar cells are less expensive, easy to produce, and flexible. They are made by placing one or more films of photovoltaic material (silicon) onto a substrate. The main issue with these solar cells is that they take up a lot of space, therefore, they aren't ideal for residential applications but are great for commercial buildings. They also have shorter lifespans compared to other types.
New Technologies on the Horizon
The good news is that there are a variety of new technologies that are in the research and development phase. In the near future, you may have more options available to power your home through solar energy. For now, monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels are most popular and offer a good balance of efficiency, durability, and affordability.
To discuss your options for residential solar panels, contact Suntuity Solar today.
What Can Solar Energy Power Do?
A number of devices can be powered using solar energy, either directly or through solar cells. These range from commonly used home appliances to commercial machines. Through solar energy powered devices, you can reap the benefits of electricity while still taking care of the environment.
Outside of providing solar electricity to the home, here are some of the most innovative solar energy run items and appliances:
Solar Refrigerator
These are refrigerators that are designed to run on the energy dissipated directly from the sun. Some have inbuilt photovoltaic cells, while others have solar thermal energy units.
Such appliances run as efficiently as electricity-powered ones to preserve perishable food items. The main applications for solar refrigerators are in locations where normal AC power is not available.
Solar Notebook
Also known as solar laptop, it is a device that has a solar panel attached to it. The energy absorbed by the solar panel is used to recharge the laptop's battery.
Some models of solar notebooks have a removable solar panel flap present on their body. Others may have external solar units connected to them along with a keyboard-shaped panel.
Solar Watch
Solar watches are powered completely or partially by a solar cell. They consist of a solar panel behind the crystal, which helps to absorb artificial light and sunlight. The dial of the watch is built on top of the panel, which converts the received light into electrical energy.
Apart from devices, solar energy can be converted to electricity to power many things in the home, from lights to fridges to washing machines. Installing a solar panel on the roof can significantly lower electricity bills and help reduce the carbon footprint of the household.
Source of Solar Energy
Solar energy comes from within the sun itself. Like any other star in the universe, our sun also acts like a giant nuclear reactor. It is a big ball of gas that consists mainly of hydrogen and helium. The energy of the sun originates from its core by a process known as nuclear fusion. During fusion, the extremely high temperature and pressure conditions cause the hydrogen atoms to split, and their nuclei (core of the atoms) combine and form one helium atom. Subsequently, a lot of radiant energy is emitted as a byproduct of nuclear fusion. This radiant energy travels a distance of 93 million miles in about eight minutes to the earth's surface.
Amount of Radiant Energy Absorbed
Not all radiant energy sent to earth gets received on its surface; around 15% is reflected back to space by the earth's surface. Of the remaining, 30% gets consumed in water evaporation, which is an important phenomenon for maintaining the water cycle. Plants and oceans also absorb some part of this radiant energy. The rest of it can be used to fulfill our growing energy needs.
Solar energy can be used to power a number of devices for commercial and non-commercial use. Two main types of solar energy technologies that make it possible to harness solar energy effectively are photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar power (CSP).
What is Solar Energy Technology?
The technologies that help us to harness the true potential of solar power are known as solar energy technologies. They enable commercial industries and households to make use of heat and light from the sun.
There are mainly two types of solar energy technologies, namely Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) and Photovoltaic (PV). You may already be aware of PV, which is implemented using solar panels. On the other hand, CSP is used in power plants and is not suitable for personal use.
Comparison Between PV and CSP
Although both PV and CSP are important for harnessing solar power, there are pros and cons of both. Here are some of them:
Flexibility of Installation
While it's possible to install a PV system in place of an existing CSP system, the reverse is not possible. Photovoltaic cells provide energy for both residential and industrial purposes, but CSP systems are viable only for large scale applications. Therefore, PV helps in the development of decentralized and well- distributed power.
In large power plants, supplying power during peak hours is a difficult task. To fulfill peak hour demands, CSP can store heat energy during an intermediate step while still generating electricity.
PV systems, on the other hand, convert solar energy to electricity, which can then be stored on the power grid for future use.
Level of Complexity
This is one area where the PV system emerges as a winner. A CSP system is made up of several complex mechanical and chemical parts; this can make its installation a long and arduous task. The installation process of PV systems is simpler and takes much less time, as they consist mainly of solar cells.
What is Solar Energy Used For?
Every day our planet receives energy from the sun that's around 200,000 times the global daily electricity generation capacity! A number of possibilities for what to do with solar energy exist, as long as we're ready and willing to take complete advantage of them. The main use of solar energy is for the generation of electricity.
The energy present in each particle of sunlight (known as a photon) can be used by photovoltaic cells to generate electricity. When sunlight falls on the surface of these cells, it creates free electrons which form the basis of electric currents. Since each PV cell can generate only around 2 watts of power, a large number of them are connected together to form solar modules. Large arrays of solar modules form a solar panel, which can provide thousands of kilowatts of electricity.
Solar panels are being used by households to heat or cool homes, depending on the weather, and to power lights and appliances. The main driver behind this home use of solar energy is to significantly lower monthly utility bills. Some utilities manage huge plots of solar panels to provide electricity to their customers.
With rising awareness of this renewable and pollution-free source of energy, people are switching to using solar energy to power almost everything. From generating electricity for their homes to using solar-powered gadgets when outside their home, there's a marked shift towards this cleaner form of energy.
Other Uses of Solar Energy
Apart from electricity generation, solar power is being used as thermal energy. This has been used for something as simple as heating water to desalination in large plants.
What are the Benefits of Solar Energy?
Among the renewable sources of energy, solar energy has risen in popularity for both residential and commercial purposes. This is because significant technological advancements have been made in harnessing solar energy. It is both environmentally friendly and economically viable for households and businesses to use this clean form of energy.
Here are some of the benefits of switching to solar energy for meeting your energy needs.
Save Money on Utility Bills
Many households have turned to solar-powered electricity simply to counter the rising cost of electricity bills. Apart from this, solar energy also protects you from a rise in utility rates. This means your energy costs are stable and predictable in the long run.
Building Credit with Utility Companies
Some states allow you to build credit with your utility company when your solar-powered system overproduces. The extra energy can be put into the grid, giving you credit for future use of electricity.
Increase in Home's Resale Value
A home that has solar panels installed is valued much higher than one that doesn't. For example, research done in 2015 by Berkeley Lab showed that homebuyers were willing to pay a premium of $15,000 for a home with an average-sized, host-owned solar array.
Adopt a Green Lifestyle
With the use of solar energy, you can contribute to keeping the environment clean. Conventional sources of electricity generation releases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. Moreover, solar energy lowers the use of fossil fuels, which is fast depleting and are non-renewable resources.
Tax Credits for Purchased Systems
With the implementation of the federal solar tax credit, solar power system owners became eligible for tax credits. Purchasing your home solar system allows you to take advantage of the Solar Investment Tax Credit (ITC). Solar power system owners are eligible for this tax credit which is worth 26% of the total cost of the system through the end of 2022. After 2022, the percentage will decrease each year and then expire completely for residential solar systems purchased after 2023.
What is the Future of Solar Energy?
Before 2008, solar panel installations were very costly, discouraging people from shifting to using a clean form of electricity generation. However, this has become a thing of the past. Between 2008 and 2013, the installation cost of solar panels declined by more than 50%. With a continued decline in costs and an increasing awareness of the benefits, solar power is expected to meet around 20% of our total energy needs by 2027.
These are a number of new and upcoming innovations that may act as catalysts for an increasing global footprint of solar energy.
Biological Solar Cells
Cyanobacteria has been a subject of experimentation for quite some time now. This is because it is considered to have the ability to charge wireless devices when used in a solar cell. In 2017, scientists at Binghamton University, New York, created a small-sized bio solar cell that could provide higher output than any of its predecessors. Biological solar cells are being seen as a technology that can change the landscape of solar energy.
Spray on Solar Cells
A major breakthrough for the solar energy industry came in 2018, with the development of spray-on solar cells. Perovskite is viewed as a highly promising material for this purpose. It is lightweight and can be mixed in a liquid solution to act as a substitute for silicon.
This idea was given its true form by China in 2017. Since then, several other nations such as India and Thailand have jumped on the bandwagon. This technology places solar panels in water to keep the surface cool. Additionally, it will remove the need for disturbing agricultural or terrestrial landscapes for establishing solar farms.
How Do Solar Panels Work?
Solar panels are currently being used on rooftops, in PV power stations, solar planes, solar vehicles, and by many devices. These panels use a phenomenon known as the photoelectric effect to generate electricity from solar energy.
Architecture of a Solar Panel
A photovoltaic cell makes use of sunlight and converts it into electrical energy. A single PV device (commonly known as a cell) is very small in size and can produce around 1 to 2 watts of power. To increase the output, many such cells are connected together in a chain structure to form a module or a solar panel. These modules can either be used separately or connected with other modules to form arrays. Many such arrays are attached to the grid to form a photovoltaic system. These systems can be used for a variety of energy needs, both large and small.
Working Mechanism of Solar Panels
Silicon, a semiconductor material, is used for making the solar cells that form a solar panel. In order to function, solar cells need to create an electric field. This is made possible by the help of other materials mixed in the silicon slices used for building the solar cell. This "doping material" gives opposite charges to each slice. When sunlight falls on the solar panel, the silicon atoms of the solar cells get energized by the photons. The loose electrons from the silicon atoms get knocked out and these are collected through plates on either side to constitute an electric current.
What are Solar Panels made Of?
Solar panels have given a new ray of hope to the field of alternative energy. The ability to transform radiant energy to electrical energy has greatly contributed towards a green environment.
Solar panels are made by combining several solar cells in a chain. To understand what solar panels are made of, we must first explore the characteristics of their basic units.
Materials Used to Build a Solar Cell
Solar cells, or photovoltaic cells, consist of silicon as the main component. Silicon is the most suitable element as its crystalline structure; however, when mixed with small traces of other elements, it becomes ideal for transferring an electrical current.
Types of Solar Panels
On the basis of their design, solar panels can be classified into three main types:
Monocrystalline Solar Panels
These solar panels are blue or black in color and are created from a single, large silicon block. The block is divided into a number of separate silicon layers which are fixed on the solar panel.
Monocrystalline solar panels are more efficient than polycrystalline ones, but are more difficult to set up and expensive to manufacture.
Polycrystalline Solar Panels
Polycrystalline panels are also made of silicon, but the method deployed is different. Several blocks of silicon are first melted and then fused again to form the panel. As a result of this recombination, the crystal structure forms cracks at many areas, giving it a unique and grainy texture.
These panels are cheaper to manufacture but lag monocrystalline cells in terms of efficiency.
Thin Film Panels
As the name suggests, thin film solar panels provide higher flexibility than crystalline panels. There are three main types of thin film solar panels:
Amorphous silicon
Copper indium gallium selenide
What is the Process of Harnessing Solar Energy?
The sun is a storehouse of clean energy, and the earth receives a huge amount of it every day. Technology can now harness solar energy, tapping into the most inexhaustible supply of power that we know today. Following years of research and innovation, solar panels have evolved into a convenient and economically viable way of harnessing energy from the sun.
How Solar Panels Harness the Sun's Energy
A solar panel is comprised of a number of solar modules, which in turn are made of several solar cells. A solar cell has the ability to catch sunlight and convert it into electricity. Sunlight essentially contains zillions of photons that have energy. A solar cell converts these photons into a flow of electrons to create an electric current.
These solar cells are quite small and each of them can generate very little electricity. So, a number of them are put together to form a larger unit known as a solar module. A solar panel consists of many modules.
Since a solar panel generates electricity from sunlight, the process is referred to as photovoltaics, as "photo" means light in Greek and "voltaic" refers to electricity pioneer Alessandro Volta, after whom the word "volt" became a measure of an electric unit.
Other Ways of Harnessing Solar Energy
Solar panels have become popular for generating solar energy for residential and commercials purposes. Other technologies for harnessing solar energy include the following:
Solar Thermal Collectors: A black material is used to cover the surface that receives direct sunlight. A series of tubes run through the body of the collector. These absorb radiation and use it to heat water in the tubes.
SHC Technology: SHC stands for solar heating and cooling and is used for maintaining comfortable temperature conditions in larger commercial buildings. Solar air heating units are mounted on the walls, but with a gap for air to pass through. The heated air is supplied through ducts to the building's HVAC system.
What Type of Energy is Produced by a Solar Cell?
A clean, alternative source of energy is becoming more urgent. The growing use of solar energy has been propelled by the declining cost of installing solar panels and easy maintenance.
Solar panels are made of a multitude of solar cells, which have the ability to convert radiant energy from the sun to electrical energy. The conversion of solar energy to electrical energy is known as the photovoltaic effect.
How Does Photovoltaic Effect Work?
Silicon is the preferred material for the construction of solar cells. This is a nonmetal element that is highly suitable for the conduction of heat and electricity. Silicon is mixed (or doped) with other materials during the design of a solar panel. This is done to ensure there is a nonuniform concentration of electrons in the silicon block.
The constituent particles of sunlight are known as photons. Each photon carries some amount of energy with it when traveling to the earth's surface. When the photons present in sunlight come into contact with the solar cells embedded in a solar panel, they transfer their energy to the silicon atoms.
The outer orbit electrons of silicon get energized and separate out from their orbit. These electrons flow through a circuit, with the help of conducting plates attached on either side. This flow of electrons makes up the current.
This process produces DC current (direct current), whereas electrical appliances require AC current (alternating current); an inverter is used to perform this conversion. The inverter converts the DC current to 120-volt AC current that can be used to heat or cool a home as well as power a variety of gadgets and appliances.
What are the Financial and Environmental Benefits of Residential Solar?
Solar power is the earth's most abundant resource of energy. As one of the cheapest forms of electricity across the United States, solar dramatically reduces greenhouse gas emissions and is proven to help slow climate change.
According to SEIA.org, the carbon emissions that have been reduced by solar installations across the nation equates to planting over 1.6 billion trees. By switching to solar, you can reduce your own carbon footprint and help better the environment for generations. It's literally a breath of fresh air.
Utility rates are continuously on the rise year over year. Solar not only significantly reduces your electricity costs, but it offers you long term price protection throughout the length of your agreement.
Depending on the state you live in, you're also eligible for net metering which allows you to build credits with your utility company for every time your system overproduces — that extra energy will be pushed into the grid and you'll be credited on your account for future use.
Additional benefits*:
Lower monthly electricity bill
Stable and predictable energy costs
Increase in your home's resale value¹
26% federal tax credit for purchased systems
Federal Solar Incentive: Tax Credit for Purchased Systems
Since the 2006 implementation of the federal solar tax credit, also known as the investment tax credit (ITC), it has proven to be a substantial factor behind solar adoption in the United States.
Solar power system owners are eligible for this tax credit which is worth 26% of the total cost of the system through the end of 2020. After 2020, the percentage will decrease each year and then expire completely for residential solar systems purchased after 2021. After 2021, the ITC will only apply for commercial solar systems at 10% of the total cost of the system.
State Incentives & Rebates
Depending on the state you live in, there may be incentives and rebates available to you when you switch to solar.
Some incentives, like the ITC, are specific to purchased systems (like state tax credits) and others apply to lease and PPA (power purchase agreement) customers. Depending on where you live, you could be eligible for SRECs (solar renewable energy credits), PBIs (performance-based incentives), net metering, and any rebates or incentives that your utility company may have to offer. The utility rebates tend to be first come first serve, so you should be proactive when claiming your solar benefits.
Find out what additional financial perks you can receive by switching to solar in your state.
What is the cost of Solar Energy?
The truth behind saving with solar.
How much does solar really cost?
Pricing varies based on system size, price per watt, the state you live in and the quality and efficiency of the equipment used. The average total cost of a solar system can range between $12,000 to $30,000 (anywhere from 4kW to about 10kW) based on these factors, with a 30% federal tax deduction off the total system cost for purchased systems. The full price tag doesn't just factor in the price of the solar panels ─ it includes other components like wiring, racking materials, microinverters or string inverters, and a monitoring system to track panel performance.
For the average middle-class homeowner, however, Suntuity Solar offers $0 out-of-pocket options ─ all you'll have to do is pay a lower electricity bill while we take care of the rest. We also often install higher-than-average system sizes whenever possible in order to maximize solar production and monthly savings for each customer. The average homeowner can reduce their monthly electricity bill by up to 25% or more, depending on the system size, electricity rate, and usage, among other factors.
How much does one panel cost?
Residential solar panels vary in price depending on panel size and price per watt. Small do-it-yourself projects that require only purchasing a few panels will have a higher price per watt (averaging around $1-$1.25), but solar panels are also available to be purchased in bulk at a reduced rate. The average reduced price is roughly 75 per watt, which would make a 300W panel cost about $225, give or take. The most frequently installed residential solar panels range anywhere between 150W and 350W for a standard solar installation. Most solar installation companies offer panels anywhere from 280W-325W, the availability of which is dependent on availability and market demand.
How much can you actually save by installing solar for your home?
Not every home is eligible for solar, which is why it's considered an exclusive offer. Solar savings is determined by multiple factors including roof space, roof shading, tilt, utility rate, utility usage, and the state you live in. Conservatively, eligible homeowners can save up to 25% on their monthly electricity bill by switching to solar. If your bill averages $150 per month, for example, you could save more than $11,000 over 25 years. Again, this is a conservative estimate ─ many homeowners save upwards of 40-50% each month.
1. As the most widely used $0 down financing option, PPAs allow you to pay solely for the solar power that you produce with no upfront cost and price predictability throughout the length of your solar agreement.
2. Another $0 down option, lease agreements offer a fixed monthly rate for the solar energy your home produces and will never fluctuate. You'll know what you're paying today, tomorrow, and for the next 20 years.
3. If you'd like to own your solar system, Suntuity Solar offers $0 down loan payment options which will allow you to take advantage of the 30% federal tax credit.
contact@suntuitysolar.com


Join MVAA for three nights of interactive comedy! Friday and Saturday night shows are dinner theater-style. Guest are welcome to BYOB. Guests are strongly encouraged to dress up in their best 1920s garb and compete for the title of best dressed.
March 22 and 23, 2019. 8pm.
Industry Night: March 21, 2019. 8pm. No dinner served.
The year is 1923 and audience members are passengers on board the HMS Victoria as it crosses the English Channel. The famous Inspector Clurrot has tracked down a homicidal mastermind hiding out on board. Meanwhile, the ship is the vessel of matrimony for the Contessa Follette and John D. Rothchild – a marriage encouraged through financial need and murderous greed. But not everything is as it seems, and it turns out that the English Channel isn't the only thing being crossed.
For more information, visit theartplace.us online or call The Art Place at (770) 509-2700.


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INDUSTRY RESPONSIBILITY
Responsible Advertising
HARM REDUCTION FOR ADULTS
The debate on e-cigarettes
Protecting young people and non-smokers
Vaping Facts
Myths About Vaping
@LinkedIn
IEVA responds to SCHEER report
While we welcome the initiative from the European Commission in taking a view on the science of electronic cigarettes, the draft report it has produced is fundamentally flawed. What is most striking about the draft scientific review is its failure to compare the risks of electronic cigarette use with the risks of smoking.
We – along with e-cigarette consumers, academics and industry participants – have made detailed scientific contributions to the consultation, in line with SCHEER's rules of procedure. We have included the relevant literature that has been missed by the Committee which we believe runs counter to its findings. We have also questioned some of the interpretation they have applied to the literature under review.
Specifically, we are concerned that:
The Committee has concluded that there is insufficient evidence that e-cigarettes are a useful tool for smokers seeking alternatives, despite quoting two randomized control trials stating precisely the opposite.
In their risk assessment, the Committee has not taken a risk-based approach at all, but rather a hazard based approach. It states the potential risks of using e-cigarettes without even attempting to compare these with the requisite risks from cigarette smoking, which are exponentially higher.
The Committee has concluded that there is strong evidence that e-cigarettes act as a "gateway" to smoking. However, it has done so based almost exclusively on data from the United States, where an entirely different regulatory regime exists. The Committee also fails to acknowledge that smoking among young people has declined significantly: if vaping leads to smoking, then why are there not more smokers observed during the period where the e-cigarette market grew rapidly?
Such poorly founded conclusions, many of which fly in the face of the available evidence, undermine the utility of the report as a document upon which decision makers in the European Union can make policy decisions in the best interests of Europeans.
We hope and expect that, given the depth of comments the committee will have received, that it will now decide that it is the time to re-evaluate its findings.
Our response to SCHEER report (PDF):
FIVAPE joins IEVA
Vaping industry underlines the importance of product choice
Tobacco Harm Reduction in the Political Consciousness
Tobacco Harm Reduction is critical if we are to reduce smoking related disease rates worldwide
Analysis of the Tobacco Taxation Consultation
IEVA @Twitter
Tweets by europeanvaping
IEVA – Independent European Vape Alliance
Square De Meeûs 37, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
contact@eurovape.eu
© 2020 IEVA – Independent European Vape Alliance – Transparency Register no. 132577234842-10 – Responsible for the content of this website under Tele Media Law: Dustin Dahlmann


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Наташа Везмар (, родилась 24 октября 1976 года в Бьеловаре) — хорватская тхэквондистка, соревновавшаяся в категории тяжеловесов (от 70 и от 72 кг). Одна из наиболее известных тхэквондисток Хорватии, она завоевала трижды титулы чемпионки Европы в категории от 72 кг, дважды стала призёром чемпионатов мира по тхэквондо (серебряный и бронзовый в 1997 и 2003 годах соответственно), а также выступала на Олимпиадах 2000 и 2004 годов.

Биография
Воспитанница школы клуба «Металац» (Загреб), тренер — Ивица Клаич. Завоевала серебряную медаль на чемпионате Европы в Загребе в 1994 году в категории от 70 кг, что стало её первой наградой; в 1997 году взяла бронзовую медаль в той же категории в Гонконге на чемпионате мира, а в 1998 году на чемпионате Европы в Эйндховене в категории от 72 кг стала чемпионкой Европы. На Олимпийских играх в Сиднее соревновалась в категории от 67 кг и была посеяна под вторым номером. Везмар победила в первом раунде испанку Иреан Руис со счётом 7:4, однако в полуфинале потерпела поражение от россиянки Натальи Ивановой. В утешительном турнире за бронзовую медаль сокрушила марокканку  4:1, в матче за 3-е место против канадки  после двух раундов при счёте 4:4 потерпела сокрушительное поражение в концовке со счётом 11:8 и осталась без медали.

В 2000 году Везмар стала бронзовым призёром чемпионата Европы в греческом Патрасе в категории от 72 кг. В 2002 году Везмар победила на чемпионате Европы в турецком Самсуне в той же категории, а через год взяла серебряную медаль на чемпионате мира в Гармиш-Партенкирхене, проиграв в финале кореянке Юн Хён Чжун. В 2004 году она завоевала титул чемпионки Европы в Лиллехаммере в той же категории от 72 кг. На Олимпиаду в Афинах отправилась выступать в категории от 67 кг, пройдя квалификационный турнир в Баку и победив в финале британку Сару Стивенсон. Автоматически Везмар попала в четвертьфинал, однако потерпела сенсационное поражение от 16-летней иорданки Надин Давани 4:5, а после поражения иорданки в полуфинале против француженки Мириам Баверель лишилась шансов даже на бронзовую медаль.

Примечания

Ссылки
 Профиль на сайте Taekwondodata.com

Тхэквондисты Хорватии
Чемпионы Европы по тхэквондо
Тхэквондисты на летних Олимпийских играх 2000 года
Тхэквондисты на летних Олимпийских играх 2004 года


Out of boredom, I decided to try on a mobile game for my S3. I have given up on the idea of mobile gaming quite long ago, because I think they cannot compete with computer gaming, and most of them includes only mindless repetitive gameplay and cash dangling. Think Candy Crush or Temple Run, for example.
However, since I was approached by Cherry Credits a few weeks ago to publicize their latest mobile game, Million Arthur, I decided to just download the game and pass the time with it.
From my few weeks of playing it, I am sad to say that by around the third or fourth week that you're playing it, things will start to get a little boring from there.
Million Arthur itself has a cool concept and a backstory. Building on the story of medieval English kingdom and the story of Arthur and Merlin, the game offers an interesting twist to the story itself. You're playing as Arthur, the wielder of Excalibur, and by through that, the destined ruler of Britain. However, so are hundreds of thousands of other Arthurs (or other players in that sense), hence the name of the game. A million Arthurs are fighting for the right to rule Britain, and you're one of them.
It's interesting to see how the game ties up the legend of Arthur together with the multiplayer interactive gameplay itself, and I can say that the single player campaign is one of the strengths of the game. You have an interesting story going on, with twists and plot that reminds me of when I am watching animes. Coming from Japan it's not surprising, with the drawings as well as the voice acting that are done professionally as well.
The soundtrack as well as the sound effects are brilliant too. as well as the numerous NPC characters introduced in the game. I wouldn't be surprised if they actually do make an anime from this game, since the concept itself is already so unique and interesting.
With that being said however, when it comes to gameplay, the game comes off as slightly disappointing, to say the least.
As a game which sells itself as a card trading game, there is really not much strategy involved when you're using your cards to battle others. The developers practically dumb it down for the masses itself, where the game becomes more of a card collecting game instead. You see, battle does not require you to strategize and counter an opponents move. All of the mechanics of the battle itself is automated, from the skills that you use to the kind of attack that comes out. All you have to do is to tap a button, and the battle will be fought out automatically for you. The only customization that you can do is to build up your deck and arrange possible combos during fight.
So in a nutshell, winning in battle is not about strategy or skills, but rather having the strongest card available.
Other than that, the other thing that I disliked about the game is how you need to have energy to perform actions in game.There are two different actions in game,one is to explore and the other is to fight, and both require different energy. One is called action points (or stamina) and the other battle points. Much similar to Facebook games like Mafia Wars, where you have to sit around and wait for your energy to replenish when you run out. That, or you can spend cash to buy.
The game allows you to add friends as well, though there is not much interactivity at the moment with the exception of where friends can help you fight bosses. Adding friends gives you extra energy as well, but other than that, there's not much you can do. Unless if you want to like their profiles or leave random comments.
There's an unfinished guild system that I have yet to know what it does, and you can battle other players (or Arthurs) as well, but other than that there's really not much to see.
All in all, I find Million Arthur to be an interesting game, but it did not offer much for it to stand out amongst many of the other mobile games out there. Well, other than the skimpily drawn cards that the Japanese are so fond off I guess, and perhaps why it may be popular in the first place.
Yes, all those cards are part of the game. Kinda make you nose bleed, don't they? If you're a fan of Japanese games, don't like too much of strategy but still enjoy card games, Million Arthur is a great way to fill up your time. The game is now available on GooglePlay and the App Store for free.


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Giving back is part of our philosophy.
Z.A.ZEN embodies the principle that an organisation can only be successful if it positively impacts the society in which it operates and adds value to those within its sphere. We are committed to translating our own business success into growth and greater opportunities for our associates, clients and other partner businesses.
Our values include:
We give back in three key areas; by bringing in younger partners to our consulting business and exposing them to larger areas of responsibility and challenging work; by providing pro bono strategic assistance to non-profits and small businesses; and through an export agency business to Japan that opens a market for over 120 art and craft organizations.
Z.A.ZEN is committed to partnering with young, up-and-coming businesses and brings these partners into its teams to help them gain experience. We proactively seek out new businesses and provide team members with exposure to bigger projects and responsibilities. Our teams and consultants are often given projects that stretch their capabilities and the freedom in which to test and expand their capacity.
Giving back also means taking our own expertise and skill sets and helping others on a pro bono basis. Mentoring new businesses and providing insights, thought processes and advice to other entrepreneurs is a natural part of how we operate.
Today the export agency business to Japan has opened markets for hand-made South African products, selling goods from artisans, crafters, non-profits and small businesses in Southern Africa.
Africa Smiles | www.africasmiles.co.za
Senzokuhle Wire Baskets | www.wezandlacrafts.co.za
Kaross | www.kaross.co.za
Hillcrest AIDS Trust | www.hillaids.org.za
African Art Centre | www.afriart.org.za
and many more, with a total of 120 different artisans, NGOs, community groups and others since 2002.
Z.A.ZEN CONSULTING (PTY) LTD
PO Box 72582, Parkview 2122
Johannesburg , South Africa
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2016 Entrepreneurship Research Study
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