text:
How to Get Rid of Mice in Your House
How to Get Rid of Mice in Your Home
A clean, well-maintained house — along with the right kind of traps — will keep your house rodent-free.
By Amanda Garrity Updated: Aug 11, 2022
Think you just saw a mouse? You're not alone. According to the U.S. Census Bureau's latest American Housing Survey, nearly 15 million households reported seeing rodents in the last year. "Living with mice isn't just unsettling, it can make your home less healthy," says Dan DiClerico, the Good Housekeeping Institute's Home Improvement & Outdoor Director. In fact, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that mice can spread diseases to humans directly through feces, urine or saliva, and indirectly through ticks, mites or fleas that have fed on the rodents.
We know — you didn't need any more convincing that mice are a menace. But it's important to appreciate the many ways rodents in your home negatively impact quality of life. Now for the good news: containing a mice infestation, or better yet, keeping one from happening in the first place, is easily done with the right combination of prevention and containment.
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How to spot a mouse infestation
Where there's one mouse, more are usually lurking. The Building Performance Institute, which sets standards for the creation of healthy, pest-free homes, notes that a single female mouse can have up to eight litters per year, producing as many as 100 young mice! "Since mice are nocturnal, droppings are usually the first sign of an infestation," says DiClerico. The droppings look like dark grains of rice, about a quarter-inch long. Rat droppings tend to be wider and longer — about half an inch in length.
Mice leave their mark in other ways, too. They're always foraging for food, so the kitchen tends to be the hottest spot. Scan your pantry and cabinets for debris on shelves or gnaw marks on food boxes. Look for gaps and cracks in walls, along baseboards and windows, and around pipes, wire and drains. "Mice can get through holes as small as a quarter inch in diameter, which is about the size of a pencil," says DiClerico.
Tips on How to Get Rid of Mice
Just like getting rid of silverfish and other pests in your home like cockroaches, it's best to keep mice away in the first place. Yet even with every precaution in place, mice may slip through the cracks (quite literally!). Once you pick up on signs that you have unwelcome guests in your home, follow this step-by-step guide to remove mice as quickly — and painlessly — as possible.
1. Find their entry point.
Before mice can nest in your home, they need to find a way inside. Basements, attics, crawlspaces and cracks around windows and doors are all possible entry points. "Figure out where they're coming from, because putting traps randomly all over your basement floor isn't going to do you any good," says Cindy Mannes, a spokesperson for the National Pest Management Association. Do your best detective work to determine where the mice are living and building nests, and then set your traps around those general areas.
2. Set mouse traps.
Mouse traps are one of the most effective ways to get rid of mice that have taken up residence inside your home. Place mouse traps in the more vulnerable areas of your house, like along walls and behind trash cans. There's a variety of mouse traps to choose from, all of which range in cost, function and design.
⚠ Due to the inhumane killing method of sticky or glue mouse traps, we do not recommend them. Similarly, we do not recommend rondenticides, which should never be used in homes because of the risk of accidental poisoning, especially of children.
Choose from the following best types of mouse traps:
Snap traps: This popular quick-trigger system catches mice in their tracks. When used correctly, snap traps kill mice quickly, making it an efficient way to wipe out an entire population. Different kinds of snap traps include bar, clam and hidden kill.
Electric traps: These mouse traps lure mice into the chamber before killing them with electric shocks. They are specifically engineered to prevent humans and pets from being shocked.
Live catch traps: Similar to ones used for larger mammals, these traps catch, but don't kill, the mice. They are a specific type of chamber or cage with a trigger-activated door, which won't reopen until you release the captured rodent.
All mouse traps require bait of some kind — peanut butter is by far the most commonly used bait, but you can also use chocolate, cheese, bird seed or nuts to lure mice into the trap.
3. Clear out the garage.
Mice like cars just as much as houses. "If they get into the garage, they might just decide to live under your car hood, where the engine is nice and warm," warns Mannes. Once they start chewing on wires, they can seriously damage your car. Wrapping problem areas in rodent tape (which is treated with components also found in chili peppers) can help prevent mice from returning.
While setting a few mouse traps in your garage to rule out any unwanted pests is great, preventing them from entering your space is even better. "It's important to seal off the garage. Weather stripping under the garage door helps keep the pests out," says DiClerico. Most importantly, you should keep any food that would attract pests out of reach. "Never store trash, pet food or any other items that attract mice in your garage," says DiClerico.
4. When all else fails, call an exterminator.
Everyone has their own threshold for what they can put up with until they ask for help. If you get to the point of needing a professional, ask your friends and neighbors if they have any recommendations, whether you're looking for someone who can aggressively and effectively get the job done or an exterminator who will offer up a more humane approach. Expect to spend between $150 and $250 for treatment, depending on the size of your home and the extent of the outbreak.
⚠ We do not recommend bombs or foggers of any kind, since they are hazardous to people and often not very effective.
And always check an exterminator's credentials before hiring. "Ask the pro if they're licensed by the state and if they're a member of a state or national association," says Mannes. "Those folks are usually taking the time to be credentialed properly, and they're learning the latest techniques for treatment."
How to Prevent Future Mice Infestations
After you've removed any mice roaming through your house, work your way down this list to make sure they — and any other rodents, for that matter — don't return.
1. Seal off entry points.
Seal narrow gaps with 100% silicone caulk. For holes that are larger than 1/2-inch wide, first stuff them with steel wool or copper mesh, which will prevent mice from chewing through, then seal them with joint compound; a foam insulation pest blocker is another option. "Pay close attention to where pipes enter the house, and check basement foundations," says Mannes. Attach door sweeps to the bottom of outside-facing doors to keep mice from scurrying underneath.
2. Prune branches from your house.
Shrubbery and branches are basically inviting mice and insects into your home. Cut off their highway to the house by trimming shrubbery back from the exterior of your house. While spring is generally the best time for pruning, if you're just removing dead or broken branches, that can safely be done any time of year. "It's also important to keep stacks of firewood at least 20 feet from the house, since mice — not to mention termites and carpenter ants — like to nest in the piles," says DiClerico.
3. Remove food supplies.
In colder temperatures, mice are looking for warmth and a constant food supply. Try to keep your kitchen shelves, cabinets and countertops clean, and store unsealed food in airtight food storage containers to limit their access. Same goes for pet food: Try not to leave food out in a cat or dog bowl all day long since it will attract rodents.
Mice will also munch on paper products and cardboard, so it's best to toss or recycle any excessive food packaging during your weekly kitchen cleanup.
4. Make your garbage off limits.
Like insects and other pests, mice are also attracted to trash cans. For a mouse-proof can, go with a trash can that has a tight lid or use rubber cords to keep it shut; metal bins are best. Clean the cans regularly, inside and out, to prevent rodent-attracting smells.
5. Break out the essential oils.
Although Mannes argues that homemade remedies aren't the best way to get rid of mice, there's no harm in trying out natural deterrents. Some claim that the smell of peppermint and clove oil repel mice. Soak cotton balls with these essential oils and stick them in areas that frequently attract mice like drawers, cabinets and entryways.
6. Think about getting a cat.
Mice aren't afraid of cats only in cartoons. A study out of the Scripps Research Institute has found that "mice are hard-wired to feel fear if they smell pheromones from cat urine." Another academic report noted that the one-two combination of a cat and a dog at home is especially effective at scaring off rodents. Of course, this shouldn't be the only reason to get a four-legged friend, and there are tradeoffs to consider, from the cost of feeding and care to all that pet hair.
Mice are a major nuisance that can get worse in a hurry if left unchecked. As with most pest infestations, the cause may be the result of other household issues — for example, cracks around windows and doors that also let in water and cold air. Fortunately, the fixes are usually straightforward, and when done in tandem with eliminating food sources, they're almost certain to resolve your mouse problem. It might take a couple weeks to achieve, but a mouse-free home is well within your reach.
5 Best Mouse Traps of 2023
Amanda Garrity
Amanda Garrity is a lifestyle writer and editor with over seven years of experience, including five years on staff at Good Housekeeping, where she covered all things home and holiday, including the latest interior design trends, inspiring DIY ideas and gift guides for any (and every) occasion. She also has a soft spot for feel-good TV, so you can catch her writing about popular shows like Virgin River, Sweet Magnolias, Hallmark Channel's When Calls the Heart and more.
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8 Best Upholstery Cleaners to Spruce up Your Sofa


text:
Evansdale Cheese Factory is a small New Zealand producer of handmade cheeses, located at Hawksbury in Otago, about 35 km north of Dunedin on State Highway 1. It takes its name from its original location at Evansdale, which lies 15 km north of Dunedin at the foot of the Kilmog.

The company states that it has won awards including 'The Supreme Champion Award for Cheese in New Zealand' and 'The Auckland Royal Easter Show Supreme Award' and that it has supplied cheese to Government House, Wellington for Queen Elizabeth II.

References

External links

Dairy products companies of New Zealand
New Zealand cheeses
Otago

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sets a global variable. Global variables do not get deleted automatically when a restart command is issued. The can be used to implement meta features, e.g. enabling things only after a player finished the game once.
name: The name of the variable to set.
value: The value for the variable.


Christoph Correll, MD, is currently Professor of Psychiatry at Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, New York, USA and Medical Director of the Recognition and Prevention (RAP) program at the Zucker Hillside Hospital, New York, USA. He completed his medical studies at both the Free University of Berlin in Germany, and at the Dundee University Medical School in Scotland. He is board certified in both general psychiatry and child and adolescent psychiatry, having completed both residencies at The Zucker Hillside Hospital in New York City.
Professor Correll's research and clinical work focus on the identification, characterisation and treatment of adults and youths with severe psychiatric disorders. His areas of expertise include the prodrome, first episode, multi-episode and refractory illness phase of severe psychotic and mood disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, as well as aggressive spectrum disorders. He further focuses on psychopharmacology and comparative effectiveness, the risk–benefit evaluation of psychotropic medications, as well as the extent and mechanisms of cardiometabolic and neuromotor adverse effects.
Professor Correll has authored or co-authored over 350 journal articles. He has served on several expert consensus panels on the use of antipsychotics across a range of psychiatric disorders, is a reviewer for over 70 peer-reviewed journals and an editorial board member of 12 scientific journals. Professor Correll is the Principal Investigator or Steering Committee member of several large, federally funded grants. He has received over 30 national and international research awards and fellowships for his work and was listed by Thomson Reuters in 2014 and 2015 as one of "The most influential scientific minds" and "top 1% cited scientists in the area of psychiatry".


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text:
Q: Stuck trying to make the AI in Turn-Based Strategy Game I can already make the movement grid via pathfinding and avoid obstacles for the player. Now I want to make the AI move itself based on the movement grid and available action points (just like the player does), but I don't know how to do it. Right now, I am only able to make the character move to the position (but it is not follow the pathfinding, this character suppose to be the AI). I am stuck trying to solve this problem, but couldn't. Could you guys help me out? Thanks.
Here is the code I've got so far (it makes the character which is suppose to be AI to move to the position, but it not follow the pathfinding):
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AIPlayer : Player
{
    void Awake()
    {
        moveDestination = transform.position;
    }

    // Use this for initialization
    void Start()
    {
        ColorChanger();
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {

    }

    public override void TurnUpdate()
    {
        if (GameManager.instance.currentPlayerIndex == 5)
        {
            if (Vector3.Distance(moveDestination, transform.position) > 0.1f)
            {
                transform.position += (moveDestination - transform.position).normalized * moveSpeed * Time.deltaTime;

                if (Vector3.Distance(moveDestination, transform.position) <= 0.1f)
                {
                    transform.position = moveDestination;
                    actionPoints--;
                }
            }

            else
            {
                moveDestination = new Vector3(2 - Mathf.Floor(GameManager.instance.mapSize / 2), 1.5f, -2 + Mathf.Floor(GameManager.instance.mapSize / 2));
                GameManager.instance.NextTurn();
            }
        }

        base.TurnUpdate();
    }

    public override void TurnOnGUI()
    {

    }

    public override void ColorChanger()
    {
        base.ColorChanger();
    }
}

Here is the link video for the game:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eo7DzbBPQBs&feature=youtu.be

A: There's no code for pathfinding there. It's just an overly complicated lerp. As well, moving directly to the position will cause major headaches with graphical obstacle avoidance.
Your best bet is to implement a grid-based navmesh and use something like an A* search to find the path. The movement would be limited to adjacent squares, so graphical obstacle avoidance wouldn't happen.
Have a look at this tutorial. It'll give you everything you need except for  animating player movement and the game logic for the target position.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Annie Duflo
October 2015, Social Justice, Sustainable Development
There Are No Silver Bullets
By Annie Duflo
THE WAY WE CAN ACHIEVE 169 SDG TARGETS
The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are upon us, the goals which the international community will agree on for helping the poor around the world. They follow the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which to hear one former UN official tell it, started out very humbly but had an outsized impact on global agendas. The eight goals served as organizing principles that NGOs, governments and other leaders could get behind to make a concerted effort, and although people argue over how much can be credited to the goals, most agree that there has been significant progress.
Building on the eight MDGs has been an impressive proliferation of goals for the SDGs – 169 targets in 17 categories so far, for example, and the first is the most ambitious of all: End poverty in all its forms everywhere. We can all agree in principle on that and the other 100+ targets, but after the documents are signed and hands shaken will come the work of actually ending poverty, and for that, some lessons from the MDGs (which also had as Goal 1, ending poverty) may be instructive.
A New Rubric for Ending Poverty
In roughly the last 15 years, the same time period as the MDGs, we've also seen the growth of the biggest advances in the fight against poverty, the power of good science. Not science as in high-tech solutions to particular problems (which have a mixed track record), but in our ability to measure how much effect an anti-poverty program has, the same way scientists in other fields do, using randomized evaluations. Similar to how the effectiveness of a medicine is evaluated, researchers look at a group that gets a program as well as a similar group that continues life as normal, and follow them to compare how the lives of the people in the two groups have changed. A year after a microloan program starts in a village, are the people there making more money than a similar village without the program? (Not as expected it turns out). Does giving cash grants which don't have to be repaid improve food security in Kenya? (Yes, significantly).
Let's look at a specific example from the MDGs where data uncovered a hidden problem, a serious one. MDG 2 is achieving universal primary education, and an infographic from the MDGs, cites an impressive statistic – "Enrollment in primary education in developing regions has reached 91 percent." Some countries are well above this number. Governments can happily report this goal achieved. However, the data shows that learning levels did not match this progress. In India for example, a study found 44 percent of children age seven to 12 could not read a basic paragraph, and 50 percent could not do simple subtraction, even though most were enrolled in school. In one major city, only 19.5 percent of the students enrolled in third grade could correctly answer questions testing first grade math questions. The situation is similar in other countries.
The data uncovered the symptom, but what about the underlying cause? With our affiliated researchers at Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) and our sister organization at MIT, J-PAL, we used systematic randomized evaluations to test hypotheses for what could be going on.
Are the classes too big? Are teachers and students lacking basic learning tools, such as textbooks or teaching and learning materials? It turns out that while these sound like obvious hypotheses (when you see crowded classrooms, or six students sharing a text book, isn't it the first thing you would think of?), reducing class size, and providing more of the same text books, in the absence of any other reforms, did not improve learning levels.
A deeper look at the data revealed though, that textbooks were helping – but only the kids at the top of the class, and this showed us something. With universal education, many children now come to school who have no preparation and no help at home – as a result, teachers have to teach a mandated curriculum, and to do so they focus on the best students, leaving many behind. And, if you don't know how to read, a textbook won't help much.
So, programs that tackle this particular problem are likely to be impactful. For example, the Indian NGO Pratham uses low-cost community-based tutors to work with the lowest performing kids and bring them up to speed on basic reading and math – and an evaluation found that this was effective at increasing learning levels. IPA worked with the Ministry of Education in Ghana to adapt this approach, pilot and evaluate it in a representative sample of 500 schools from all over the country, with similar success. The education-focused SDGs also now focus on learning outcomes, not merely enrollment. (I strongly recommend this interview with economist Karthik Muralidharan for a good summary on education.)
What we saw in education, we're seeing everywhere – data pointing the way to understanding and solving problems. Innovations for Poverty Action alone, with its affiliated researchers has conducted over 500 randomized evaluations (you can browse a database here) in over 50 countries across poverty-related areas such as financial inclusion, health, sanitation and farming. One of our insights has been that there are no silver bullets. Each solution that works gets us a little bit of the way there, but like the famous saying "the medium is the message" – the method is the message. It's not that any single miracle invention will help us achieve a particular SDG, but the increasing focus on evidence and scientific rigor will help us get there, for ending poverty, and the 100+ other goals as well.
For details about the goals and a way to get involved, go here and here.
This post was originally published by the Huffington Post on September 1, 2015. It is part of a series produced by The Huffington Post, "What's Working: Sustainable Development Goals," in conjunction with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The proposed set of milestones will be the subject of discussion at the UN General Assembly meeting on Sept. 25-27, 2015 in New York. The goals, which will replace the UN's Millennium Development Goals (2000-2015), cover 17 key areas of development – including poverty, hunger, health, education, and gender equality, among many others. As part of The Huffington Post's commitment to solutions-oriented journalism, this What's Working SDG blog series will focus on one goal every weekday in September. This post addresses Goal 1.
Tagged: Innovative for Poverty Action, Millennium Development Goals, Annie Duflo, Sustainable Development Goals, education, social issues
Newer PostA Kairos Moment: Faith Calls to Action
Older PostAm I My Brother's Keeper?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: c# - multicasting Socket.RecieveFrom: can port be 0 Good day all
While Going through the msdn multicasting page, In the "listener" part, in the code, a new ENdpoint is create using IPAddress.Any, Port=0.
The IPAddress.Any is understandable, however the port 0 confuses me. Should it not be listening on the mcastport?
IPEndPoint groupEP = new IPEndPoint(mcastAddress, mcastPort);
EndPoint remoteEP = (EndPoint) new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any,0);   <======THIS LINE

try
{
    while (!done)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Waiting for multicast packets.......");
        Console.WriteLine("Enter ^C to terminate.");

        mcastSocket.ReceiveFrom(bytes, ref remoteEP);

        Console.WriteLine("Received broadcast from {0} :\n {1}\n", groupEP.ToString(), Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes,0,bytes.Length));
    }
    mcastSocket.Close();
}

A: Read the documentation carefully. The initial value you give in that way, allow the function call to ReceiveFrom to grab packets coming in IPv4 from all remote IP addresses and ports.
If you specify a dedicate IP address or port, all other packets won't be received by the following call.


Get this: Apparently, Tom Wright will be appearing on the show tomorrow!
Great interview. I'm impressed that this guy knew St. Augustine's take on Scripture and science. Thanks for the heads-up on Wright - here's hoping he does his homework before appearing (unlike Ehrman, who looked like a deer caught in headlights).
Neither Wright nor Colbert were on their best game. It wasn't easy to watch.
It really wasn't all that great... but Cookie Monster was there as well, so it's certainly an episode worth catching.


Thanks to the addition of a new member with musical talents, the congregation at Hendersonville Presbyterian Church receives a special treat as the musicians perform during Sunday worship services.
A few months ago, Ron Lee—a Hawaiian-born drummer who performed for years with legendary entertainer Don Ho — joined the church and its team of musicians. Lee shares his talent by playing drums, other percussion instruments and keyboard during Sunday services. Lee also sings during some services.
"I just go where the Lord leads," said Lee, 70.
As it turns out, the Lord has led him in many different directions over the years — for in addition to music, Lee is also an ordained minister, now retired.
Lee, who grew up in Hawaii, learned to play the instruments his musician father kept in the home. By the time he was a high school student, Lee was playing in a local band that opened for big name groups visiting the area. Some of those groups included The Kinks, Herman's Hermits, The Righteous Brothers and Jan and Dean.
After high school, Lee received a scholarship to attend the San Francisco Conservatory. He later performed in clubs in Los Angeles, Las Vegas and Lake Tahoe, where Lee met musicians such as John Denver, Tony Orlando and Neil Sedaka, among others.
Lee joined Ho's band in Hawaii near the end of Ho's career, in the 1990s.
Ho had been one of Hawaii's most popular entertainers for four decades. He first received recognition in the 1960s with various albums and with his hit song "Tiny Bubbles." For a brief time in the 1970s, Ho also had his own variety TV show.
In Hawaii, Ho and his band performed inside a domed structure that included a fake volcano. According to Lee, he and the other band members played from behind the volcano. Performers from a variety of musical genres would drop by the dome and join the show on occasion.
Lee's life changed in 2002 when he heard a minister's message while watching television, after which he dedicated his life to Jesus after watching and praying during the television program.
Lee joined the Presbyterian Church a short time later and entered seminary in Charlotte, near where his wife's family lived. He became a minister and led a church in China Grove, N.C., and later a church in Hawaii between 2011 and 2018.
Lee retired as a pastor last year and soon moved to Hendersonville with his wife, Margie. They began attending Hendersonville Presbyterian in the summer of 2018.
"We just like the town, the feeling of it, the smallness of it," he said.
In addition to participating in Sunday services, Lee said he also assists retired Hendersonville Presbyterian Pastor Bill Campbell with his Bible reading program that encourages people to read the Bible in 90 days.
Music Director Gayle Stepp said she and others in the congregation enjoy the talent and collection of percussion instruments Lee brings to the church.
"He is so capable. He is such a wonderful musician," she said.
Lee said he and Stepp have briefly discussed possibly having a Hawaiian hula dance staged at the church.
Stepp said she was open to considering holding the dance once she and Lee have time to discuss it in more detail.
Lee's various drums, bells and other instruments make for a unique and interesting listening experience during the worship services, Stepp added.
Whether Lee is playing his drums during services, speaking about his experiences as a minister or telling others about his time in Ho's band, he said he finds a way to share God's message.
For more information about Hendersonville Presbyterian, visit hendersonvillepc.org.


Daniel, Zechariah, and Mary are identified as having met Gabriel. I like to think that Joseph, the shepherds, and the Magi also saw this angel who "stands in the presence of God." This is a good place to note that Elizabeth is the only person in Luke 1 who did not see Gabriel; I think this speaks of her willingness and faith to do God's will just on the witness of what happened to Zechariah.
Zechariah and Mary (and Daniel) had face-to-face encounters with Gabriel and spoke to him and asked questions. God specifically had Gabriel do these appearances; Zechariah and Mary would have known the name and the importance of their meetings from the readings of the Book of Daniel. Was it because of the importance of the message or to gauge their response that they had their face-to-face? The assurance of Zechariah's encounter would have boosted Mary's faith and resolve when the gossip and the first meeting with Joseph happened.
They also physically saw angels. I like to think Gabriel was the first angel to appear followed by the choir, but we are not told for sure. They did not doubt, like Zechariah, but hurried to find Jesus.
Joseph had several dreams with an angel giving him instructions. I like to think that it was Gabriel in those dreams; because when he and Mary started to compare notes it would have built his faith and confidence. Why Joseph did not have a face-to-face meeting I don't know? I am putting this in the "God knows how to talk to you" department and am glad that Joseph responded by doing the will of God.
The Magi were warned (in a dream) not to return to Herod and share their findings. It would make a great story if it had been Gabriel and they shared the warning dream with Joseph and Mary. It would have boosted faith all around and given urgency to Joseph when he had his dream to flee to Egypt.
This entry was posted in Bible Study, Christmas, Days and Times and tagged angels, angels in the Christmas story, Gabriel by Mark. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Ilburnia olympica är en insektsart som beskrevs av Frederick Arthur Godfrey Muir 1921. Ilburnia olympica ingår i släktet Ilburnia och familjen sporrstritar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Sporrstritar
olympica


text:
Royal Caribbean ship arrives in Puerto Rico carrying relief supplies
PUERTO RICO (FOX 13) - Royal Caribbean's Adventure of the Seas arrived in Puerto Rico Thursday carrying much-needed humanitarian supplies.
Royal Caribbean Cruises, the second largest cruise line operator in the world, told FOX Business it canceled its Adventure of the Seas cruises to use the ship for evacuation and humanitarian efforts.
The ship has worked with the local government to take evacuees from Puerto Rico, St. Thomas and St. Croix as well as deliver water, food, and generators.
People from the island will also be allowed to come onto the ship for showers, dining, and other facilities.
RELATED: HOW TO HELP HURRICANE MARIA VICTIMS
"The ship will bring evacuees to Fort Lauderdale before returning to San Juan on October 6 to prepare for the October 7 cruise," Owen Torres, manager of Global Corporate Communication at Royal said. "As the recovery effort remains fluid and each island is working diligently to get back to normal operations, we will continue to communicate any port changes to our guests."
READ MORE ON FOXNEWS.COM.


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org.apache.orc

Interface Reader

All Superinterfaces:

AutoCloseable, Closeable

All Known Implementing Classes:

ReaderImpl

public interface Reader
extends Closeable

The interface for reading ORC files.

 One Reader can support multiple concurrent RecordReader.

Nested Class Summary

Nested Classes

Modifier and Type
Interface and Description

static class
Reader.Options

Options for creating a RecordReader.

Method Summary

All Methods Instance Methods Abstract Methods Deprecated Methods

Modifier and Type
Method and Description

EncryptionKey[]
getColumnEncryptionKeys()

Get the list of encryption keys for column encryption.

CompressionKind
getCompressionKind()

Get the compression kind.

int
getCompressionSize()

Get the buffer size for the compression.

long
getContentLength()

Get the length of the file.

boolean
getConvertToProlepticGregorian()

Should the returned values use the proleptic Gregorian calendar?

DataMaskDescription[]
getDataMasks()

Get the data masks for the unencrypted variant of the data.

EncryptionVariant[]
getEncryptionVariants()

Get the list of encryption variants for the data.

OrcProto.FileTail
getFileTail()

Get the file tail (footer + postscript)

OrcFile.Version
getFileVersion()

Get the file format version.

List<String>
getMetadataKeys()

Get the user metadata keys.

int
getMetadataSize()

ByteBuffer
getMetadataValue(String key)

Get a user metadata value.

long
getNumberOfRows()

Get the number of rows in the file.

List<OrcProto.ColumnStatistics>
getOrcProtoFileStatistics()

Deprecated.

Use getStatistics() instead.

List<OrcProto.StripeStatistics>
getOrcProtoStripeStatistics()

Deprecated.

Use getStripeStatistics() instead.

long
getRawDataSize()

Get the deserialized data size of the file

long
getRawDataSizeFromColIndices(List<Integer> colIds)

Get the deserialized data size of the specified columns ids

long
getRawDataSizeOfColumns(List<String> colNames)

Get the deserialized data size of the specified columns

int
getRowIndexStride()

Get the number of rows per a entry in the row index.

TypeDescription
getSchema()

Get the type of rows in this ORC file.

ByteBuffer
getSerializedFileFooter()

ColumnStatistics[]
getStatistics()

Get the statistics about the columns in the file.

List<StripeInformation>
getStripes()

Get the list of stripes.

List<StripeStatistics>
getStripeStatistics()

Get the stripe statistics for all of the columns.

List<StripeStatistics>
getStripeStatistics(boolean[] include)

Get the stripe statistics from the file.

List<OrcProto.Type>
getTypes()

Deprecated.

use getSchema instead

List<StripeStatistics>
getVariantStripeStatistics(EncryptionVariant variant)

Get the stripe statistics for a given variant.

List<Integer>
getVersionList()

OrcFile.WriterVersion
getWriterVersion()

Get the version of the writer of this file.

boolean
hasMetadataValue(String key)

Did the user set the given metadata value.

Reader.Options
options()

Create a default options object that can be customized for creating
 a RecordReader.

RecordReader
rows()

Create a RecordReader that reads everything with the default options.

RecordReader
rows(Reader.Options options)

Create a RecordReader that uses the options given.

boolean
writerUsedProlepticGregorian()

Was the file written using the proleptic Gregorian calendar.

Methods inherited from interface java.io.Closeable

close

Method Detail

getNumberOfRows

long getNumberOfRows()

Get the number of rows in the file.

Returns:

the number of rows

getRawDataSize

long getRawDataSize()

Get the deserialized data size of the file

Returns:

raw data size

getRawDataSizeOfColumns

long getRawDataSizeOfColumns(List<String> colNames)

Get the deserialized data size of the specified columns

Parameters:

colNames - the list of column names

Returns:

raw data size of columns

getRawDataSizeFromColIndices

long getRawDataSizeFromColIndices(List<Integer> colIds)

Get the deserialized data size of the specified columns ids

Parameters:

colIds - - internal column id (check orcfiledump for column ids)

Returns:

raw data size of columns

getMetadataKeys

List<String> getMetadataKeys()

Get the user metadata keys.

Returns:

the set of metadata keys

getMetadataValue

ByteBuffer getMetadataValue(String key)

Get a user metadata value.

Parameters:

key - a key given by the user

Returns:

the bytes associated with the given key

hasMetadataValue

boolean hasMetadataValue(String key)

Did the user set the given metadata value.

Parameters:

key - the key to check

Returns:

true if the metadata value was set

getCompressionKind

CompressionKind getCompressionKind()

Get the compression kind.

Returns:

the kind of compression in the file

getCompressionSize

int getCompressionSize()

Get the buffer size for the compression.

Returns:

number of bytes to buffer for the compression codec.

getRowIndexStride

int getRowIndexStride()

Get the number of rows per a entry in the row index.

Returns:

the number of rows per an entry in the row index or 0 if there
 is no row index.

getStripes

List<StripeInformation> getStripes()

Get the list of stripes.

Returns:

the information about the stripes in order

getContentLength

long getContentLength()

Get the length of the file.

Returns:

the number of bytes in the file

getStatistics

ColumnStatistics[] getStatistics()

Get the statistics about the columns in the file.

Returns:

the information about the column

getSchema

TypeDescription getSchema()

Get the type of rows in this ORC file.

getTypes

List<OrcProto.Type> getTypes()

Deprecated. use getSchema instead

Get the list of types contained in the file. The root type is the first
 type in the list.

Returns:

the list of flattened types

getFileVersion

OrcFile.Version getFileVersion()

Get the file format version.

getWriterVersion

OrcFile.WriterVersion getWriterVersion()

Get the version of the writer of this file.

getFileTail

OrcProto.FileTail getFileTail()

Get the file tail (footer + postscript)

Returns:

- file tail

getColumnEncryptionKeys

EncryptionKey[] getColumnEncryptionKeys()

Get the list of encryption keys for column encryption.

Returns:

the set of encryption keys

getDataMasks

DataMaskDescription[] getDataMasks()

Get the data masks for the unencrypted variant of the data.

Returns:

the lists of data masks

getEncryptionVariants

EncryptionVariant[] getEncryptionVariants()

Get the list of encryption variants for the data.

getVariantStripeStatistics

List<StripeStatistics> getVariantStripeStatistics(EncryptionVariant variant)
                                           throws IOException

Get the stripe statistics for a given variant. The StripeStatistics will
 have 1 entry for each column in the variant. This enables the user to
 get the stripe statistics for each variant regardless of which keys are
 available.

Parameters:

variant - the encryption variant or null for unencrypted

Returns:

a list of stripe statistics (one per a stripe)

Throws:

IOException - if the required key is not available

options

Reader.Options options()

Create a default options object that can be customized for creating
 a RecordReader.

Returns:

a new default Options object

rows

RecordReader rows()
           throws IOException

Create a RecordReader that reads everything with the default options.

Returns:

a new RecordReader

Throws:

IOException

rows

RecordReader rows(Reader.Options options)
           throws IOException

Create a RecordReader that uses the options given.
 This method can't be named rows, because many callers used rows(null)
 before the rows() method was introduced.

Parameters:

options - the options to read with

Returns:

a new RecordReader

Throws:

IOException

getVersionList

List<Integer> getVersionList()

Returns:

List of integers representing version of the file, in order from major to minor.

getMetadataSize

int getMetadataSize()

Returns:

Gets the size of metadata, in bytes.

getOrcProtoStripeStatistics

List<OrcProto.StripeStatistics> getOrcProtoStripeStatistics()

Deprecated. Use getStripeStatistics() instead.

Returns:

Stripe statistics, in original protobuf form.

getStripeStatistics

List<StripeStatistics> getStripeStatistics()
                                    throws IOException

Get the stripe statistics for all of the columns.

Returns:

a list of the statistics for each stripe in the file

Throws:

IOException

getStripeStatistics

List<StripeStatistics> getStripeStatistics(boolean[] include)
                                    throws IOException

Get the stripe statistics from the file.

Parameters:

include - null for all columns or an array where the required columns
                are selected

Returns:

a list of the statistics for each stripe in the file

Throws:

IOException

getOrcProtoFileStatistics

List<OrcProto.ColumnStatistics> getOrcProtoFileStatistics()

Deprecated. Use getStatistics() instead.

Returns:

File statistics, in original protobuf form.

getSerializedFileFooter

ByteBuffer getSerializedFileFooter()

Returns:

Serialized file metadata read from disk for the purposes of caching, etc.

writerUsedProlepticGregorian

boolean writerUsedProlepticGregorian()

Was the file written using the proleptic Gregorian calendar.

getConvertToProlepticGregorian

boolean getConvertToProlepticGregorian()

Should the returned values use the proleptic Gregorian calendar?

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Copyright © 2013–2021 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.

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The fifth-rounder has been about as steady as they come in preseason, securing at least three catches in each of the first trio of exhibitions. Watson's chances of surviving final cuts were already solid heading into Friday's game, but they seemingly went up significantly with the combination of another productive performance and the pregame, season-ending ankle injury to Sergio Bailey, one of his primary competitors for a roster spot. Come the regular season, however, Watson will presumably find snaps and targets hard to come by due to the wealth of pass-catching talent ahead of him on the depth chart.


For an industry obsessed with history, we haven't done a very good job of documenting the history of the rise and fall of Wizard Magazine.
I'm re-reading sections of Sean Howe's fascinating history book Marvel Comics: The Untold Story and I'm impressed with his detailed history of Marvel Comics. I'm told by industry insiders that Howe did a pretty good job collecting facts and opinions, and for a historical record, the book is fairly credible.
There was a big, obvious reason to tell the story of Marvel Comics. We are, as an industry of fans, fascinated with the history of the comics, the characters, and the creators. Over the years, we've seen some excellent books that document the early days of important characters from Marvel and DC, including the intriguing history of key creators. There are some inspiring and depressing stories and anecdotes that swirl around this ever-changing art form.
These stories are usually about the mainstream characters and creators, but Wizard was something different. For the most part, Wizard played a unique role in the middle, neither creating characters nor publishing the stories. Then again, Wizard was not a mere passive, journalistic observer.
Wizard Magazine is a story of disruption. It's the story of how luck, talent, and timing aligned to change comic books.
As a journalist and fan, I remember the industry pre-Wizard, which looked, felt, smelled, and tasted…different. From the movies to the media to the mega-conventions, things were already changing when Wizard arrived. That's not to say that Wizard was the exclusive agent of change, but it was certainly a potent catalyst that stirred things up. A lot.
Prior to Wizard, there were comic book conventions, but they weren't the organized glam affairs we enjoy and/or tolerate today. Often these were seedy, but friendly, events that were often held at some Ramada Inn close to a highway off ramp. Collectors, readers, and dealers would converge for regional sales and geekery events. Sure, there were large national events like San Diego Comicon, but it was still in a relative infancy compared to today. It was not yet the Hollywood-fueled mass media juggernaut it is now, and part of that is related to the unexpected and unprecedented rise of Wizard Magazine.
As a reader, Wizard appeared to be a cool club for young, goofy, outcasts who just happened to be united by superheroes. It appeared that Gareb Shamus was perhaps the funniest, smartest, luckiest fanboy to ever walk into a comic shop. In some ways, maybe he was.
Howe's history of Marvel Comics addressed what appeared to be true and what is historically accurate. Like the Marvel story, there's more to the Wizard story than most people realize. The rise and fall of Wizard is a story worth researching and reporting for similar historical reasons.
I certainly don't know the whole story. I wrote freelance for Wizard, I worked there, and then freelanced again after I left. I remain friends with many people who worked at Wizard, so I know bits and pieces of the complete story. There are many reasons to document the untold story of Wizard, including the fact that we have already seen two significant personalities pass away last year.
What makes this interesting is that Wizard's impact was not limited to the monthly magazines, the conventions, or even the online sites. Wizard exploded and the blast radius shook every corner of the comic book industry. Wizard was a major disruption for an industry that probably didn't want to be disrupted…but perhaps needed it.
Was Wizard a chronicler of events or did Wizard precipitate change? Would publishers like Image and Valiant and Chaos have exploded if Wizard wasn't there? How much did Wizard contribute to the meteoric rise of certain creators? How much did Wizard contribute to the speculator boom and bust? Let's discuss it.
Many of you have good feelings about Wizard. Fond, nostalgic memories that came every month polybagged with trading cards and offers for #1/2 issues. Those memories are based on the output of a few immensely talented individuals and a rotating staff of equally talented writers and designers.
But Wizard had an ongoing love/hate relationship with many different creators and publishers. Any industry-changing disruption will be met by those who don't want things to change.
The truth is, not everything that changed was good. Wizard is often blamed for fueling the speculator boom that damn near killed the goose, the golden egg, and all the sparkly hatchlings. Wizard was blamed for building up a cult of personality around certain marginal creators.
Was Wizard solely responsible for mediocre talent that barfed out crappy comics? Not exclusively, no, but the magazine certainly nurtured certain artists and writers, even if their artistic "talents" were largely questionable. It's amazing what money can buy.
There were professionals like Frank Miller, who spoke out publicly against Wizard. Others simply saw Wizard as a necessary evil.
In the 1990s, lots of people made lots of money from comics. Publishers, creators, dealers, and speculators were making money, often based on the recommendations printed in Wizard magazine. The people not making big money were the hard-working writers, editors, and designers who actually made the publications.
Wizard's impact runs far beyond the paper boundaries of the magazine and price guide. Wizard Entertainment was everywhere: comics, conventions, books, videos, anime, toys, collectible card games, television, animation, credit cards, a dot.com venture, even a military magazine.
It's interesting and perhaps ironic to note that the only thing that remains of Wizard is the name "Wizard World." But there was a dizzying time in Wizard's history where a bunch of writers, editors, and designers hopped on a plane to Rosemont, IL to run a comic book convention that the company had purchased (or acquired or partnered with, I'm not sure).
Wizard also had an early, but significant impact in the digital space as well. I was there in the early days of the Internet as we launched an early version of Wizard World on America Online. Wizard World Online was a forward-thinking effort that was profitable for Wizard and significant for the industry. We helped many pros and publishers get started online, but later Wizard was accused of failing to make the transition to digital publishing.
Online, we experimented with user-generated content, chat rooms, multimedia, fan communities, and fan art. At a convention in Chicago, I met a married couple who met online in our chat rooms.
Ironically enough, almost all of that content from Wizard World Online is now gone. Nobody had the foresight to save the massive amounts of creative content that Rus Wooton and I published online. These days, everything that's published online is documented and archived somewhere, but at that time, we didn't save the daily content that we generated. News, features, interviews…all gone.
Wizard's impact was online, at comic book conventions, and even on the TV screen. This is a true-life drama drenched in money, ambition, betrayal, and creativity.
As a reader, I believed that Stan Lee wrote all the comics and that a staff of talented artists worked tirelessly together in the Marvel Bullpen. Howe's book uncovered the truth and the fiction to the things that were happening at the time. The same should be done with Wizard.
To the casual reader (and to many working pros), the magazine was shaped every month by Gareb Shamus and that the office was non-stop hysterical hijinks and pranks. To be certain, Wizard was often quite fun and there were pranks, but there was plenty of serious work to be done.
The truth is that there were many, many talented people working on the magazine. You'd barely know it from the outside, but the true influencers were not the names that you'd recognize. The masthead in the magazine only told a fraction of the real story. Wizard wasn't just disruptive to the business comics. It was a turbulent and disruptive force for many of the people who worked there as well.
In the end, it all fell apart with accusations and lawsuits.
Culturally, we are interested in disruptive forces. We are fascinated with the stories of disruptive companies like Apple, Ford, Toyota, Facebook, Disney, Pixar, Google, Microsoft, Zappos, Amazon, Netflix, eBay, and others featured in business magazines every day. We want to learn more about disruptive leaders like Steve Jobs, George Lucas, Elon Musk, Mark Zuckerberg, and other dedicated visionaries.
You may wonder why I don't grab the flag and start writing a book about the history of Wizard. It's a fair question, but let's face it, I'm not really a dispassionate observer. I'd never be considered objective. Plus, my view of Wizard was primarily from "upstairs" in the corporate zone, which was separated Church 'n' State from the "downstairs" editorial zone.
Wizard, like any temporary cultural phenomenon, is layered with truth, lies, and intrigue. There are heroes and villains, as well as plenty of victims. This is a rich, human story that would help to round out the breathless fanboy reporting that passes for journalism.
For now, the history of Wizard remains in the memories, hard drives, and filing cabinets of fans and pros. Somewhere there's trove of fascinating information just waiting to be analyzed and discussed. Let's hope it doesn't take 40 years to tell the story.
A favorite topic at the bar for some. You buy the beers, Buddy, and I know half a dozen people (at least) that you can interview right now. Though I'm sure you know them too.
I agree. I still miss the friends that we lost last year. We'll never get their version of the history of Wizard.
A history of Wizard would probably be whitewashed and sanitized to the point where it would only be valuable to the people it championed.
To tell the real story of Wizard would be a supreme challenge for a skilled and thoughtful journalist.
Yes, agreed. A good, unbiased journalist would be able to write a truthful, interesting story of Wizard. And I bet a lot of people would be interested in reading it, but only if it was written honestly by a third-party journalist.
Oh we've got stories alright. Wonderful stories.
Lots of my best friends are people I met at Wizard.
As a Constant Reader of Wizard back in the day, part of me wants to know the full story.
I discovered Wizard with issue #13 and fell off the readership list somewhere in #100something, a time when real, substantial content started taking a backseat to silly filler, I feel. I had some art published with a couple different contests and Envelope Art within those issues, which was very cool and remains near and dear. To know Wizard's full story, warts and all, would satisfy some curiosities in a historical/documentary fashion. However, it would also serve the tabloid/TMZ kind of curiosities. For that part, I'd rather leave things unsaid and unknown.
Being a growing, aspiring artist back then, Wizard Magazine served as one of the very few connections to the industry I wanted to (and still do) be a part of. I could read about Spider-Man, Batman, Wolverine, etc. anywhere. Wizard allowed me to read, for the first time, about the Romitas, Buscema, Kuberts, McFarlane, Perez, Larsen, etc. and ALL of the other real people creating comics. Putting faces with the names I knew from the bylines. I looked forward to each new issue because it brought me closer to the industry with news, info, drawing lessons, and creator bios. I ate it up. So, in that respect, I don't want to know about whatever dysfunction or mess that happened to it or caused it to fold. Wizard holds good memories and that's where I think I'd like to leave it. Unless the telling of its history holds some significance to our present, those are skeletons maybe better off left to rest. Mixed emotions — I wanna know, but I don't wanna know. Nuff said.
Some of the stuff behind the scenes is really interesting. Some of it is kind of ugly.
All interesting takes. I guess I could compare it to some of the metal mags available in the 80s and early 90s. A bit for the more obsessive fan. While I loved comics mostly for the stories, I was only vaguely informed about creators or how the industry worked. When I bought a Wizard the few times I did, it was more as a casual fan. Maybe that is why, while I liked it I didn't get every issue. While I knew who was in what band, what label they were on, who they were touring with, what equipment they used ect. I also didn't have the jack to buy expensive back issues witch may have played into it. There was still a bit of a glass ceiling feeling to the hobby back then. The owner of the LCS would stare disapprovingly while I browsed. If I asked a question he would make me feel like I was stupid for asking while the cool books were all behind a counter. Forget getting much in the way of hot books from him, I think he hoarded them all while putting one up on the wall at max asking price. I had better luck and much more happiness from going to all of the local gas stations, Pharms, and grocery stores and hitting the spinner racks. Obviously the people there new nothing about comics and just filled the racks. But they were happy to let me browse as long as I wanted as long as I paid for a few on my way out.
I loved Wizard and was a loyal reader since the beginning when it was still printed in Black & White. I gave it up when it became apparent that it was just an advertising platform for the big guys who had enough money to buy an interview or a product puff piece. Still, it was one of a kind in it's day and I kinda miss it.
In the day, Wizard was a powerful force. The chapter on advertising would probably be a fairly long and revealing chapter.
Thanks for the comment. Those were good times. There are stories like this and lots of photos. We need to capture this and share it somehow.
Thanks for posting this (belatedly so)! In those same years the Wizard crew was flying down to Rosemont to put on Wizard World, I was a pipsqueak kid in high school, then college, riding the EL up from Chicago to don the orange shirt and give it my all as a volunteer. I started out doing it as a way to get free entry into the convention, but it quickly become more than that. I saw just what it took to put on a show of that size and scope, the insanity of coordinating simultaneous events and wrangling celebrities to be at the right place at the right time.
I loved feeling like I was part of something bigger, even as my own contribution as a faceless shirt was very small. And truth be told, I continued volunteering not to add to my comic collection or to meet this artist or that writer. I did it because I liked you guys. Guys like you and Vinny and Darren and Patrick and others. You really did show the volunteers respect, and it made us want to work harder to help you out.
All in all, I volunteered seven years until I moved away from Chicago, pulling full-day shifts from before opening to closing every day. And I loved it. You made it interesting. You made it fun.
So I'm not sure if you're still checking this post, but if you are, let me thank you on behalf of all the orange shirts at the Chicago Wizard World convention. Thanks for putting on kickass show after kickass show, year after year. Thanks for letting us be a small part of those times.
Wow, thanks for sharing that. We sure did meet a lot of interesting and generous people. You are clearly one of those people.
It's amazing how many lives that Wizard touched. Thanks for sharing your story. I'm sure the other Wizard people will enjoy what you've written.
I was going to let my subscription lapse in 2010 when they started making every issue "best of" or "top ten" filler content. I saw an ad that said if I renewed my subscription, I could get a free ticket to a Wizard World show. This was the week of the Philly show so I figured why not? I called the # and a guy answers hello without even identifying that it's Wizard. He proceeds to tell me in the most disinterested way imaginable that it was too late for me to get a free ticket to the Philly show since it was that week. Why? No explanation. I guess I should be grateful, because of him I did not renew my subscription and I did not wind up like who knows how many others who never got refunds when the magazine folded.
Darren, seems like you got lucky with that subscription thing. Wizard subscriptions weren't cheap.


In life, we all hope to achieve a special goal using concrete methods; hard work, funds saving, money borrowing, investment.., but we may or may not come through..! So, do you believe that the abstract aspects; imagination, dreams, deep breathing, entertainment.., are an essential boost that works to achieve our intents (up to 90%)..?! What should we do to join the most successful people, who use the second skills, either intentionally or subconsciously, in order to make our goals come true..!? But what are the best ways to use moral energy as a smart strategy to achieve real goals..!?
Normally, we should dream to live, but if you want to make a good living you should focus on how to live your dream life..! In order to reach a goal, by means of dreaming, you should follow the best access to this option which is the imagination creative..! Because a well-structured imagination is both daylight and night's dream programmer, but you should know how to optimize any option so as not to sink in pinky dreams and, by the end, you feel so disappointed..!
It is recommended to get an idea about the importance of goal setting to get a clear vision about your personal intents, your true reasons why to do so, and your arrival point..! You need to learn some goal setting techniques that can enlighten your pathway, help you define your exact destination and teach you how to achieve success in life..!
As you set your goals you should work hard to redirect your personal impressions to a living fact..! Unfortunately, many people are confused about hard work; they focus more on the physical one to achieve personal aims; then they spend longer daytime in mobilizing their physical energy..! So they mostly get tired, stressed, sick.., and sometimes get total energy exhaustion because they don't even think about setting goals and objectives..! But the strange thing is that they just link their failure to chance lack, bad evil eye..! The secret keyword for success is, simply, hard work optimization, which means that you should redirect it to focus more on the abstract aspects, especially imagination and dream..! Let's work hard on moral aspects and bear in mind that they are your ideal supports to achieve imagination goals..!
There is a circular serial link between imagination, dream, and reality; meaning there is a great mutual exchange between the subconscious and the conscious mind..! You should think smart and insightful about your dream goals employing the great power of imagination to form a specific future goal shape inside your mind on which you should keep dreaming day and night..!
You can draw them on pieces of papers to keep an eye on, for at least 19 days, and believe me that the image will grow bigger and nicer and you will, unconsciously, get involved in your goals accomplishment..! Maybe you wonder how come to achieve invisible things..; but let's just start with no hesitation and, in meanwhile, you can learn about the power of the subconscious mind in order to improve your practices so as to achieve planned objectives..!
There is a great reciprocal relationship between creativity and imagination.., and when you keep, consciously, on imagining your dreamed objectives as if actually achieving goals process, your subconscious mind meets your conscious demands by providing great keyword ideas, strategies, techniques, methods.. that facilitate your goal achievement..!


text:
Bengal Tigers
1 Review 1420 FollowersRating 4.5
Atlético de Kolkata (commonly abbreviated as ATK), is an Indian Super League football franchise based in Kolkata, West Bengal. It was established on 7 May 2014 as the first ever Indian Super League team. The team is owned by Kolkata Games and Sports Pvt. Ltd. which consists of Former Indian cricketer and former Indian cricket captain and current President of the Cricket Association of Bengal Sourav Ganguly, Spanish La Liga club Atlético Madrid, alongside businessmen Harshavardhan Neotia, Sanjiv Goenka and Utsav Parekh. The team's name and colours are derived from their Spanish partner.
Managed by Spaniard José Francisco Molina, the team plays their home matches at the 68,000-capacity Salt Lake Stadium. The marquee player for the 2015 season was Portugal international forward Hélder Postiga, while Spanish midfielder Borja Fernández served as the captain of the team.
Under coach Antonio López Habas, Atlético were the hosts and winners of the first match in the Indian Super League. They eventually won the inaugural season, defeating Kerala Blasters 1–0 in the final.
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Sourav Ganguly , Sanjiv Goenka , Kolkata Games and Sports Pvt. Ltd.
Steve Coppell
Rabindra Sarobar Stadium, Salt Lake Stadium
Year : 2014 , Award : ISL ( Winner )
Year : 2015, Award : ISL ( Semi-Finalist )
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your own Khel Now Page?
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(Max file size is 25 MB. Format: JPG, JPEG or PNG.)