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Biografia
Figlia degli slovacchi Zlatica Rolincová (n. 1945) e Dušan Gamboš (n. 1948), Dara Rolins è nata Darina Gambošová a Bratislava. Ha una sorella maggiore, Jana Labasová, meglio conosciuta come Jana Hádlová-Rolincová (n. 1964). È entrata nel mondo dello spettacolo all'età di 4 anni, e in seguito alla sua vittoria al talent show per bambini Hledáme mladé talenty nel 1978 ha iniziato a prendere parte a competizioni in tutta la Cecoslovacchia.

La sua carriera musicale è iniziata quando aveva 9 anni, con la sua partecipazione al musical Zázračný autobus, trasmesso in televisione nel 1981. Nel 1983 ha pubblicato l'album di musica per bambini Keby som bola princezná Arabela su etichetta discografica Opus Records. Nella sua adolescenza ha inoltre coperto ruoli minori in vari film e serie televisive; ha cantato nelle colonne sonore di alcuni.

Nel 1986 Fang das Licht, un suo duetto con Karel Gott (già noto in Cecoslovacchia con il titolo Zvonky štěstí) ha ottenuto successo in Austria e Germania, raggiungendo rispettivamente il 7º e il 15º posto nelle classifiche nazionali dei due Paesi. Dara Rolins continuerà a pubblicare dischi in lingua inglese per il mercato tedesco, ma con scarso successo.

A ottobre 1999 la cantante ha posato in topless per l'edizione ceca e slovacca di Playboy, dove è apparsa in copertina. Con l'arrivo del nuovo millennio, grazie a un nuovo aumento di popolarità nel panorama musicale, ha ricoperto il ruolo di giudice in vari talent show televisivi trasmessi in Repubblica Ceca e Slovacchia, fra cui la terza stagione di Slovensko hľadá SuperStar nel 2007, la prima edizione di Česko Slovenská Superstar nel 2009, e la quinta di Let's Dance nel 2011.

Vita privata
L'8 ottobre 2010 Dara Rolins è stata accusata dalla Polizia della Repubblica Ceca di omicidio colposo in seguito ad un incidente d'auto in cui è stata coinvolta nella capitale ceca in data sabato 10 luglio 2010. La cantante, alla guida della sua Mercedes-Benz, ha colpito lo scooter guidato dal sessantatreenne Jindřich Rotrekl, che è deceduto tre ore dopo il suo arrivo in ospedale. Tuttavia, la cantante si è dichiarata innocente e le accuse contro di lei sono decadute il 2 novembre 2010 per insufficienza di prove.

Ad agosto 2011 il caso è stato ripescato in seguito ad una nuova perizia condotta su richiesta della famiglia della vittima. Ne è risultato che il veicolo guidato da Dara Rolins era entrato in contromano, andando ad urtare il motociclista. Il 19 settembre la cantante è stata interrogata nuovamente dalla polizia, con il rischio di una pena di reclusione fino ai sei anni.

Il 13 agosto 2012 la giuria del Tribunale distrettuale di Praga-2 ha dichiarato la cantante colpevole. Ha ottenuto la sospensione condizionale della pena per due anni, e dai due mesi ai tre anni di libertà condizionale. La cantante ha inoltre dovuto pagare quattro milioni di corone ceche (€160.000) in danni, oltre che i costi sostenuti dalla famiglia della vittima per il processo e per il funerale. È infine stata interdetta dalla guida per tre anni.

Discografia

Album in studio
 1983 – Keby som bola princezná Arabela
 1985 – Darinka
 1988 – Čo o mne vieš
 1989 – You Hardly Know Me
 1996 – What You See Is What You Get
 1997 – Sen lásky
 1998 – Butcher's on the Road (con i Sexy Dancers)
 2002 – What's My Name
 2006 – D1
 2011 – Stereo
 2012 – Karel Gott & Darinka Rolincová (con Karel Gott)
 2017 – ETC

Album dal vivo
 2009 – Šťastné a veselé

Raccolte
 2005 – 1983-1998
 2008 – D2: Remixy

Colonne sonore
 1985 – Cengá do triedy
 1990 – Témeř ružový příběh
 2011 – V peřině

EP
 2005 – VyVolení
 2011 – Mono

Filmografia

Cinema
 Falošný princ, regia di Dušan Rapoš (1984)
 Není sirotek jako sirotek, regia di Stanislav Strnad (1986)
 Pehavý Max a strašidlá, regia di Juraj Jakubisko (1987)
 Takmer ružový príbeh, regia di Juraj Jakubisko (1990)
 Thumbelina: O Malence (1994)
 Sin City – město hříchu (2006)
 V peřině, regia di F. A. Brabec (2011)

Televisione
 Zázračný autobus – film TV, regia di Georgis Skalenakis (1982)
 Labula – film TV, regia di Karol Spišák (1982)
 Monika a pes – film TV, regia di Anton Majerčík (1983)
 Tam je hviezda Sírius – serie TV, regia di Cyril Králik (1983)
 Správne kroky – film TV (1984)
 Cengá do triedy – film TV (1985)
 Do-re-mi – film TV, regia di Martin Hoffmeister (1986)
 Teta – serie TV, regia di Juraj Jakubisko (1987)
 Láska na inzerát - film TV, regia di Eduard Sedlář (1988)
 Čo o mne vieš – documentario (1988)
 Snehulienka a sedem pretekárov – film TV, regia di Libor Vaculík (1991)
 František Tugendlieb: Všetko je v nás – documentario, regia di Alena Čermáková (1999)
 Ženy pro měny – documentario, regia di Erika Hníková (2004)
 Slovensko hľadá SuperStar 3 – programma televisivo (2007)
 Laci Strike: Cesta tanečníka – documentario (2008)
 Česko Slovenská Superstar 1 – programma televisivo (2009)
 Dokonalý svět – film TV, regia di Vít Karas (2010)
 Let's Dance 5 – programma televisivo (2011)
 Modré z neba – programma televisivo (2011)

Note

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Cantanti bambini slovacchi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: javax.naming.NamingException: JNDI lookup failed with IntelliJ I am using JNDI lookup with JMS.
InitialContext context = new InitialContext(env);
context.lookup("jms/cf");

The same code is working fine with eclipse IDE. But when I am trying with IntelliJ it is giving following Issue.
JNDI lookup failed - null
javax.naming.NamingException: JNDI lookup failed - null
    at com.solacesystems.jndi.SolJNDIInitialContextFactory$SolJNDIInitialContextImpl.lookup(SolJNDIInitialContextFactory.java:216)

Do anyone have idea if anything specific in IntelliJ settings.

A: After checked all things found that It was because I am using java policy file and do not have correct permissions for Socket Connections and Environment variables.
Added following in policy file and it is working for me
 permission java.lang.RuntimePermission "getenv.";
 permission java.net.SocketPermission ":1024-", "accept,connect,listen";

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


How to buy a mobile cover?
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07 Mar How to buy a mobile cover?
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24 Sep Immigration Agents Who Will Get The Job Done!


It's kinda crazy, the busy lives we live. Most if not all of you know what I mean. Might look like different things to different people, but at the base, there's a common truth - we're just busybusybusy people. Sandy and I are no exception. Both of us have more than fulltime jobs, a couple young kiddos, a house hitting the century mark this year (so lots of upkeep, and that doesn't even include the laundry), family, friends, errands...the list goes on. That's why I really treasure our weekend mornings. We make it a point to have at least one leisurely weekend morning meal, where we can actually sit down, chat, drink a couple cups of coffee, and just hang out for an hour or more. It's the best, and it's a great re-centering point for the week. It also helps that breakfast is probably our favorite meal, foodwise, so we usually go with the classics - eggs, bacon, sausage, pancakes, fruit, etc.
Well, this past weekend we had only shot at this, on Sunday morning. I got roped into some early morning weekend OT at the day job, which preceded another busy day of errands (Huzzah Costco!) and kid-wranglin'. As mentioned on our new podcast, Let's Talk TJ's, Sunday morning is the best time to go shopping at TJ's, so we headed out early, pre-breakfast, with bacon on our mind. Then we saw this, Trader Joe's Pastrami Style Smoked Atlantic Salmon, and were intrigued enough to give it try.
Make no mistake: this was a gamble. This was our one true laidback family meal of the week, and if the food stunk, that'd be a real stinker. TJ's, in the history of our blog, doesn't have the shiniest track record with salmon products (like this or this). Plus...Sandy doesn't usually like salmon. Pink meat kinda creeps her out. It's only because this blatantly said "Pastrami Style" that she was willing to try it - she loves my dad's smoked pastrami (yes, I know, another pink meat) so semi-begrudgingly we got this, with a pack of bagels to make some sandwiches for a brunch with blueberries and coffee.
Glad we rolled the dice. We both are very happy with the purchase. In the packages there's about eight or nine slabs of fresh fleshy fish a few inches long by maybe a millimeter or so thick, so just about the right amount for two decently-stacked sandwiches. The salmon is pretty clean and mild, for the most part. From my dad's aforementioned smoking prowess, I'm fairly certain I can tell the difference between different smoking wood chip varieties. For my part, I sensed more sweetness from the apple and cherry than depth from oak and maple, which isn't a bad thing for a meat like the steak that swims.
One thing not present throughout the salmon: all those pastrami spices. That's because all the black pepper and parika and whatnot were rubbed in post-smoking, not before. I'm thinking that's a good call, as we were able to enjoy both the sweet smokiness of "plain" salmon and the spicy peppery bite from around the edges in about equal measure.
I'm not sure if this a brand new product, but it's definitely the first time we saw it. The four ounce package cost $4.99, about which I'm indecisive about the value. That equates to $20 a pound, so yeah...that's a lot. Then again, we're not frequent salmon purchasers, so maybe that's the going rate, but the curse of TJ's is I sometimes just expect an exceptional value, which I'm not convinced this is. Regardless, I'm glad we overcame our reservations to give our relaxed morning a little changeup Matching fours from the wife and me.
I don't believe this is jerky - looks like run-of-the-mill smoked salmon to me, just with a tweak.to the spices.
For $20 a pound, I expect wild salmon, not Atlantic (a.k.a. farmed salmon). They do have one excellent wild smoked sockeye salmon at $9.99 for 1/2 pound or $17.99 for 1 pound.
That's a pretty standard price for smoked salmon, which has a different cost to fresh salmon.


Swale Borough Council through Swale Means Business want to ensure businesses in the borough continue to prosper. Through our full range of business support services, we offer advice and guidance to those looking to start, expand or relocate their business in Swale, as well as those interested in investing. Whether you require funding to get your business idea off the ground or you need to expand your workforce, one of our experienced and knowledgeable staff will be able to assist you.
Swale Means Business offer free monthly 'Starting in Business workshops, an ideal starting point for anyone looking to develop their business idea and learn the essentials. Alongside this there is the opportunity to discuss specific areas of your businesses growth with an experienced advisor face to face, or through our online chat facility. We host a range of business events throughout the year, focusing on a variety of different topics, featuring guests speakers who share their expertise and experience with you.
The Borough has a range of commercial land and property available, from retail to industrial and office space. If you need new space, you can search our property database and register to be kept informed as soon as new property and developments become available. We also produce a monthly E-bulletin keeping Swale businesses informed of the latest local business news, funding opportunities and initiatives, support offers and upcoming events.
If you would like to know what the benefits of locating your business in Swale are and how we've assisted some of our local companies, please visit the case study area of our website to hear from them directly.


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University of Birmingham > Talks@bham > Metallurgy & Materials – Tech Entrepreneurship Seminar Series > Where there's muck there's brass
Where there's muck there's brass
Philip Mossop, Founding Director WasteCollection.com
Monday 20 May 2019, 12:00-13:00
Metallurgy and Materials, 1B11/12.
If you have a question about this talk, please contact Dr Adrian Burden.
If you plan to attend, please register via Eventbrite: https://techentrepreneurshipseminar.eventbrite.co.uk
Launched by Philip in 2006, WasteCollection.com was the first fully automated eCommerce for business waste services of its kind in the UK. Taking a very traditional business of collecting rubbish and turning it into a software-as-a-service (SaaS) venture was not without its challenges, and Philip will outline the pitfalls of choosing the wrong focus when trying to grow a profitable technology-based business.
Philip is also passionate about environmental sustainability in general and has since founded the green house to offer cleantech services to well known brands. He will also touch on how to really plan for a future in business where waste is a redundant concept.
This talk is part of the Metallurgy & Materials – Tech Entrepreneurship Seminar Series series.
Metallurgy & Materials – Tech Entrepreneurship Seminar Series
Metallurgy and Materials, 1B11/12
Centre for Computational Biology Seminar Series Contemporary History Type the title of a new list here
Physics at van der Waals interfaces: Twists, incommensurability and emergent phenomena Sublattice Groups Verification of Byzantine Fault Tolerant Systems School Seminar The Large Mathieu Groups Operator Preconditioning and Some Recent Developments for Boundary Integral Equations

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We all knew that the theaters are losing ground against movies,so using SEO you can promote a theater and this way you can make it popular,attracting a lot of people to see the plays.I've seen some sites dedicated to theaters but them are not well promoted and also are poorly designed.Using SEO to promote your theater over the internet , you can increase your profit from tickets.
There are many blogs that are selling hand-made accessories,but all those blogs are promoted just thought Social Media networks like Twitter,Facebook or using Yahoo Messenger and Windows Live Messenger.Using SEO and a well-designed website,may be sold more and more accessories because more and more visitors are coming on that blog.
During the election campaign , the politicians needs more attention , so usign blogs they can increase their publicity and they may get some votes.A politician's blog needs a SEO campaign that can increase blog's SERP very fast.In this case I recommend some SEO experts to be employed to promote the site quickly and efficient.
If you want to get employed and you need to be promoted , you can do it by yourself.Just create a CV and promote it by using a blog.After creating a blog and posting your CV,you can start promoting your CV by using SEO techniques.


Looking for a healthy alternative to chocolates and candy kisses for Valentines? Try Superfood Chilled Chocolate (Dessert) Soup!
Recipe created by Julie Morris and featured in her bestselling cookbook Superfood Soups.
2 Haas Avocados: Just two Haas avocados contribute several nutritional benefits! They contain "good fats" and phytosterols when used in recipes to replace saturated or trans fats, they help to reduce bad cholesterol levels in your blood!
1/2 cup of Cacao Powder: Cacao powder is one of natures best sources of magnesium. Magnesium is extremely important for nerve transmission and energy production.
2 Teaspoons of Maca Powder: Another favorite ingredient known for increasing energy levels, but more importantly it enhances our ability to deal with stress. Who doesn't need help with stress management?
1 Teaspoon Pure Vanilla Extract: We use a natural vanilla extract in our recipes whenever possible. Natural vanilla extract works to protect your body through antioxidant activity.
A pinch of Sea Salt: Sea salt has 6 essential health benefits. A few are rich in trace minerals and are an excellent source of electrolytes.
3 cups of Unsweetened Almond Milk (plus more as needed): Unsweetened almond milk is always a great alternative to dairy! Almond milk, also known as a plant milk, is 50% lower in calories than animal milk, lactose free and vegan. Almond milk can be made at home by pulverizing almonds with water.
1/3 cup of Maple Syrup (preferably grade B): When looking to make healthy choices substitute Pure Maple Syrup in place of Cane Sugar in your recipes. Maple Syrup contains zinc and manganese which are important antioxidants and minerals that refined cane sugar does not contain. *Grade B comes from sap harvested later in the season, it's thicker and more luxurious in flavor and color.
A 15 oz can of full-fat Coconut Milk (refrigerated overnight): Coconut milk is lactose free and rich in vitamins C, E, B1, B3, B5, and B6. Fun fact for you: A fully blossomed coconut tree produces 60-180 coconuts in a single harvest!
Combine the avocado, cacao powder, maca powder, vanilla, sea salt, almond milk, and maple syrup in a blender.
The soup should be creamy and light- if too thick, blend in a little extra almond milk until desired consistency is reached.
Refrigerate serving bowls and a small mixing bowl as well.
Just before serving, remove the can of coconut milk from the refrigerator and scoop the white solids into the chilled mixing bowl (discard the remaining water or save for future smoothie).
Whisk the solids into a smooth whip.
To serve, pour soup into small chilled serving bowls, and top with a dollop of coconut whip.
By adding a shake or two of cinnamon powder and a pinch of cayenne, you can also make a sweet chili-chocolate rendition that's outstanding.
However, if your more of a sweet than spicy person, you could instead add a dusting of cacao powder over the top of your coconut whip.
Now if your someone with an incessant sweet tooth and are looking for the most chocolate possible, we recommend adding a mixture of both milk and dark chocolate shavings to the top of your whip (which can be easily achieved by using a vegetable peeler and shaving down the sides of each chocolate bar).
Alternatively, blend in a little mint extract to make a chocolate-mint version.
Thank you for reading our healthy alternative. If you mention the recipe here at Coffee's Country Market we will be happy to "BOGO" the first ingredient. One Hass avocado on us.


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Mountain Rebels
East Tennessee Confederates and the Civil War, 1860-1870
Author(s): Groce, W. Todd
"Groce offers a gracefully written, impressively researched narrative account of the experience of East Tennessee Confederates during the Civil War era. His analysis raises provocative questions about the socioeconomic foundations of Civil War sympathies in the Mountain South."—Robert Tracy McKenzie, University of Washington
"Scholars of Appalachia's Civil War have long awaited Todd Groce's study of East Tennessee secessionists. I am pleased to report that this ground-breaking study of Southern Mountain Confederates was worth the wait."—Kenneth Noe, State University of West Georgia
A bastion of Union support during the Civil War, East Tennessee was also home to Confederate sympathizers who took up the Southern cause until the bitter end. Yet historians have viewed these mountain rebels as scarcely different from other Confederates or as an aberration in the region's Unionism. Often they are simply ignored.W. Todd Groce corrects this distorted view of East Tennessee's antebellum development and wartime struggle. He paints a clearer picture of the region's Confederates than has previously been available, examining why they chose secession over union and revealing why they have become so invisible to us today. Drawing extensively on primary sources—newspapers, diaries, government reports—Groce allows the voices of these mountain rebels finally to be heard.
Groce explains the economic forces and the family and political ties to the Deep South that motivated the East Tennessee Confederates reluctantly to join the fight for Southern independence. Caught in a war they neither sought nor started, they were trapped between an unfriendly administration in Richmond and a hostile Union majority in their midst. When the fighting was over and they returned home to face their vengeful Unionist neighbors, many were forced to flee, contributing to the postwar economic decline of the region.Placing the story in a broad context, Groce provides an overview of the region's economy and explains the social origins of secessionist sympathies. He also presents a collective profile of one hundred high-ranking Confederate officers from East Tennessee to show how they were representative of the rising commercial and financial leadership in the region.
Mountain Rebels intertwines economic, political, military, and social history to present a poignant tale of defeat, suffering, and banishment. By piecing together this previously untold story, it fills a void in Southern history, Civil War history, and Appalachian studies.
The Author: W. Todd Groce is executive director of the Georgia Historical Society.


You are at:Home»Sponsored»Kia Procee'd GT: Can This One Deliver?
When Kia first introduced the Cee'd in 2006, they did so with a commitment to making the car available exclusively in Europe. In fact, the name says as much. The Cee'd takes its name from the European Economic Community (EEC) and Kia's commitment to European design (ED) and manufacturing. Yet despite all of the thought that went into producing a Eurocentric vehicle specifically for drivers who prefer fast, small cars, it didn't translate into performance that was worthy of its competitors. Kia is now hoping the new Cee'd GT also known as the Pro_Cee'd GT changes things.
Previous versions of the Cee'd were great on styling and heavy on sporty looks. However, the cars suffered from performance in many ways. For example, Car and Driver Magazine went so far as to call pre-2014 editions of the car 'average performers'. They did not have the 'get up and go' drivers wanted and the chassis and suspension set-up was sluggish at best. The combined package meant the car was not nearly worthy of being a rally car despite looking like one. Kia started working on improving performance with the 2014 model.
That model year saw the introduction of a 1.6L turbocharged, direct injected Gamma engine. Car and Driver hailed it as an improvement and a car capable of competing with the Hyundai Veloster. The 201hp engine works well enough with a six-speed manual transmission to achieve 60 mph in just over 7 seconds. Kia even went so far as to work on engine sound in an attempt to make it more throaty and intimidating. Car and Driver was not impressed. Still, the 2014 was several steps above previous models.
The Pro_Cee'd GT sold fairly well for the 2014 model year; 2015 is doing okay, too. Kia is hoping to ramp things up with the introduction of the 2016 model after a very impressive showing in Geneva earlier this year. The most impressive feature is Kia's brand-new three cylinder 1.0 L T-GDI engine and a dual clutch, seven-speed manual transmission. Autocar says the engine and transmission package will be available for all future GTs beginning with the 2016 model year. Kia also has a new trim package it will start offering before this year is out.
Autocar's Doug Revolta says the trim package will be an option on all three Cee'd models (Hatchback, Pro_Cee'd, and Sportswagon) although we expect most of the action to come by way of the Cee'd GT. The trim package features square-ish daytime running lights, a redesigned bumper and grill, rear LEDs and 17-inch alloy wheels. Hatchback and Sportswagon models will get dual exhaust on the back end.
The jury is still out on the 2016 ProCee'd GT. It all comes down to engine performance. Kia is committed to the Cee'd as a Europe-only car targeted at the rally audience. Their new engine will have to live up to its hype in order to impress new buyers. Kia says we can expect 118bhp and 52lbs/ft. of torque. They also say the seven-speed dual clutch transmission will only be available with a 1.6 L engine. We cannot wait to see what the 2016 ProCee'd does.


The universe is now digitalized and its benefits can't be ignored. Digital advertising is an inventive technique and it is very crucial for both the new entrepreneurs and the well-developed ones. Digital advertising will make a startup succeed within a very short time because it is a powerful method of gaining publicity and more customers.
Digital advertising happens online and it can be accessed by so many people. Traditional forms of marketing, on the other hand, are limited to a small area. Digital marketing will make you reach people anywhere in the world and it is capable of getting your businesses the right audience. In short, it will direct you in what to do in order to achieve your goals. Digital marketing tools offer excellent web solutions to customers and it can assist them to spread their feet in the business environment.
Also, with digital marketing conversion rates are high. Converting a customer only takes a few clicks. The customer will not need to make a call or drive to where you are. They will simply buy items on your website and they will also know more about your brand from wherever they are.
New businesses can't overlook the advantages of online advertising since it is the ideal and actually the best method to get customers' recognition and create brand appreciation. You will instantly get publicity with digital marketing. Traditional forms of advertising such as using flyers consume a lot of time and they are costly compared to online advertising.
The fact is, if a startup needs to be set for long durations then one must go online, come what may. For a startup to excel, one can never avoid the current and upcoming advertising platforms. Without online advertising, new businesses and small-sized businesses will not be relevant in modern times. No matter what you think, you need to embrace the latest invention if you truly need your company to grow.
Each year, companies quit using traditional forms of advertising and they start using search engine optimization, social media or Google Adwords. This is why competition keeps increasing and the good players outshine small businesses. If you are new to the business environment, you can never compete with the developed businesses but you can't just seat and do nothing. Make use of Google Alerts too to see how other businesses are doing. Google Alerts will assist you monitor the people who are in the same business as yours. From their marketing strategies, you will be able to come up with something that will enhance your brand.
Your PR companies can bring media attention for your brand but digital marketing will make you survive the serious competition. Digital marketing will keep you remain informed about how your competitors are doing. With that, you will be able to determine the right thing to do in order to stand out.
There are a lot of advancements taking place in the world of marketing and you can never survive if you remain stuck in the past advertising ways. You may hire a PR company to bring awareness to your brand but digital marketing will assist you to expand your business on your level. PR companies can bring attention to your brand but online advertising can take the buzz on in customers' minds for a long period of time. Online advertising is the perfect technique for businesses and can't just be ignored.
With digital marketing, new businesses will no longer need to advertise their services and products on newspapers, TV and other traditional platforms. The online platform is sufficient for gaining a lot of awareness from buyers. Ignoring online advertising is close to impossible for new businesses since it is the perfect method of creating the buzz within short time.


Cavities are one of the most common dental issues for children and adults alike, so it makes sense that the word cavity closely follows to the word dentist in a patient's mind. A cavity is a hole in the tooth brought about by decay. The best way to fix the damage is to clear out the decay, clean the affected area, and then fill the cavity with a replacement substance called a filling.
This procedure prevents further tooth decay while maintaining function and appearance. Since the Marconi Dental Group understands every mouth is different, we offer multiple types of fillings to cover a variety of needs. At your appointment, your dentist will discuss with you the pros and cons of each material, but here is a general summary.
Pros: Resins are made to match the natural color of your teeth. As they are placed, the materials take the form of the cavity, and then harden.
Cons: They don't last as long as some other fillings (sometimes less than 10 years, although other patients use them for time lengths similar to metallic materials). They are not recommended for larger fillings due to breaking or chipping over time. Coffee, tea or tobacco can eventually stain them.
Pros: Amalgam fillings are a composite of metallic elements including silver, tin, copper, and others. They are resistant to wear (hence a good choice for molars) and are relatively inexpensive.
Cons: Due to their dark color, they contrast with the look of natural teeth. Both dentists and patients typically avoid using this filling within the smile lines. Some are concerned about the presence of mercury and other heavy metals in amalgam fillings.
Pros: Glass ionomer fillings are made of acrylic and a silicate material. Traditionally they are used in the front teeth or for root fillings. These areas do not suffer significant force during chewing. Ionomer is also relatively inexpensive.
Cons: Durability is an issue with this material, thus glass ionomers are only placed in the areas mentioned above where they face little wear. Does not match the tooth as well as resin fillings.
Pros: Porcelain can also match the color of natural teeth. These fillings resist staining, and can be bonded to large parts of the tooth.
Cons: Porcelain fillings are more expensive, often comparable to gold fillings.
Pros: Gold fillings were used as early as the nineteenth century because they are well-tolerated by gum tissue. They can last for twenty years, and many patients like the idea of having gold in their teeth.
Cons: Gold fillings are typically the most expensive. They require multiple checkups to administer and maintain. They are also a special order item, as this material is no longer commonly used.
It's important to consider the location and severity of the cavity, as well as your patterns of tooth wear, when making the choice in filling material. You and your Carmichael dentist will determine which type of filling best suits your needs.


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La Eastman's Royal Naval Academy (Académie navale Royale d'Eastman) était une école préparatoire de Southsea puis de Winchester en Angleterre. Entre 1855 et 1923, elle a surtout été connue comme une école préparant les garçons à entrée dans la Royal Navy. Rebaptisée École préparatoire de Eastman, elle cessa ces activités en 1940. Selon , elle a été .

Histoire

La création en 1838 d'un examen d'entrée pour la Royal Navy entraina le développement des établissements d'enseignement spécialisés comme la Eastman's Royal Naval Academy. Fondée en 1851 par un instructeur de marine à la retraite, Thomas Eastman, elle emménage en 1854 dans un bâtiment construit à cet effet à South Parade dans Southsea. À la mort de Eastman en 1860, il est remplacé comme directeur par George Spickernell qui dirigera l'école jusqu'en 1885.

En 1881, le fils de Thomas Eastman, Thomas Eastman junior fonde à  une autre Eastman's Royal Naval Academy et en 1898, elle déménage à Winchester et devient un des centres d'examen accrédités par l'Amirauté.

Déjà en déclin en 1914, elle ferme ses portes au début de la Seconde Guerre mondiale.

Anciens élèves

  (1890-1968)
 Robert Burnett (1887-1959)
  (1883-1924)
  (1842-1917)
  (1852-1933)
  (1876-1939)
  (1883-1965)
 Charles Forbes (1880-1960)
 John French (1852-1925)
 Rupert Gould (1890-1948)
  (1879-1916)
  (1884-1964)
 Albert Hastings Markham (1841-1918)
 William May (1849-1930)
 Harry Rawson (1843-1910)
 Charles Royds (1876-1931)
  (1874-1955)
  (1853-1924)
 Edward Hobart Seymour (1840-1929)

Bibliographie

 Hugh Owen, Eastman's Royal Naval Academy Southsea, Mariner's Mirror (Society for Nautical Research) vol.77, 1991, p.379–387
 Harry W. Dickinson, Educating the Royal Navy, 2008, p.214
 J. A. Mangan, Benefits Bestowed? (RLE Edu H): Education and British Imperialism, 2012, p.66

Notes et références

École en Angleterre
Royal Navy


Originally discovered in a search for RNA polymerase II-associated factors, the Paf1 complex (Paf1C) is best characterized for its roles in regulating transcription elongation. The complex co-localizes with RNA polymerase II from the promoter to the 3' end of genes and has been linked to a growing list of transcription-related processes including: elongation through chromatin, histone modifications, and recruitment of factors important in transcript maturation. The complex is conserved throughout eukaryotes and is comprised of the proteins Paf1, Ctr9, Cdc73, Rtf1, and Leo1. The domain structures of Paf1C subunits are largely undefined and have few clear homologs, making it difficult to postulate for or localize functions to the individual subunits. To understand mechanistically how Paf1C coordinates its functions and interactions, I took an approach utilizing biochemical, biophysical, and structural techniques to characterize proteins within Paf1C, specifically focusing on the Rtf1 subunit.
The goal of my thesis work was to determine the molecular mechanism by which Rtf1 influences transcription and chromatin structure. To this end I focused on studying different functional domains within Rtf1. I provided a molecular description of how Rtf1 mediates Paf1C recruitment to elongating RNA polymerase II. Recruitment of Rtf1 is controlled by its centrally located Plus3 domain and a direct interaction with the conserved elongation factor Spt5. I solved the co-crystal structure of the human Plus3 domain bound to a phosphorylated C-terminal repeat of Spt5. The structure revealed the basis for recognition of the repeat motif of Spt5, an important component in the recruitment of regulatory factors to RNA polymerase II. I have performed further structural characterization of Rtf1, studying the N-terminal histone modification domain. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the domain's function, I successfully crystallized and solved the structure of a minimal region of Rtf1 that is necessary and sufficient for Rtf1-mediated histone modifications. The structure, paired with conservation analysis and genetic phenotype data, have allowed us to identify important surfaces on Rtf1 that function in regulating chromatin structure. Taken together these studies shed new light onto the mechanism by which Paf1C influences the complex network of regulatory interactions required for eukaryotic transcription.


Max Sopher — EPSTEIN JOSLIN Architects, Inc.
Max Sopher studied Art History & Practice at Williams College and joined EJA shortly after graduating. He has worked with EJA in a variety of media, producing graphics, study models, print and digital marketing materials, and this website. As a musician and aspiring architect, he is thrilled by the opportunity to work at the intersection of the two fields.


A Victorian Dollhousing Ceremony is a poetic operatic adult fairytale collaboration of three poets writing in three different, distinct styles. We tell the story of three troubled characters, two rival ballerinas (one who will become The Doll, one who wishes to be The Firebird.) Then they meet a wizard/art collector of tiny things, in particular a spectacular dollhouse. Things become magical, and all of their worlds become larger and also very small.


text:
Home Arts & Culture books
Read your way around Tokyo
Which classic authors should I read?
With the influx of Western thoughts and ideas into newly opened Tokyo in the late 19th century, intellectuals struggled with the conflicts that arose between traditional Confucian ideologies and contemporary European spirituality. Natsume Soseki taught literature at the University of Tokyo after studying abroad in London, and when he later became an author, he brilliantly sublimated those same conflicts in his novels. However, such ideological tensions are not apparent in his fantastic short stories,"Ten nights of dreams." Although these 10 absurd stories seem immeasurably delirious, as if they come from the depths of the unconscious, they possess timeless and universal qualities. And what vivid depictions of life in 19th-century Tokyo!
The author Kafu Nagai traveled to the United States and France where he became deeply immersed in Western thoughts and ideas. He started publishing fiction at the beginning of the 20th century. In "A strange story from the east of the river" (also translated as "Something strange across the river"), the scene is Tokyo, as it undergoes tremendous changes in the days leading up to World War II. The appeal of this work is its metafictional structure, which features a gripping relationship between a writer and a prostitute. Just when you think the story is over, the author himself appears to relay several episodes of the ever-changing city as part of the plot. Here too, a nesting box story allows the reader to witness the passage of time.
Now we are finally approaching the layers that make up present-day Tokyo. After Japan's defeat in World War II, the country again underwent profound changes. The narrator of Kenzaburo Oe's novel "Seventeen" is a young man who killed a politician. The novel is a detailed portrayal of a young man adrift, sliding into depression and driven to terrorism. The story references an event that happened not long before it was published, in which the chairman of Japan's Socialist Party was stabbed to death by an ultra-nationalist in Tokyo's Hibiya Public Hall. There were many protests and threats against Oe himself after "Seventeen" was published in a literary magazine. Despite being translated into several languages and published in numerous countries, the novel was not made available in book form in Japan until four years ago – 57 years after it was written – when it was included in a collected edition of Oe's complete works.
Is there a short fiction I can read while traveling, especially if I'm jet lagged and can't sleep?
The short story 'Final Moments', from the 1961 collection'Toddler Hunt and Other Stories,by Taeko Kono, is about a woman who suddenly learns that she will die the next day, and describes how she spends the hours after realizing that. Despite the terrible premise, the story is surprisingly calm and factual. I've often heard people say that it's hard to say what a Japanese person is thinking, and this woman is no exception: she doesn't show her feelings. Every time I reread this story, I am always amazed at how Kono chose to illustrate the workings of this woman's mind with such bold and sophisticated creativity.
The women featured in the stories included in Kuniko Mukoda's collection, "The neighbor", embody the values of the generation that came of age during World War II. Although Mukoda's stories are written 20 years after Kono's, somehow Mukoda's wives feel more remote. Nevertheless, Mukoda skillfully captures these Tokyo women who, towards the end of the 20th century and at a time of economic prosperity in Japan, continue to struggle to improve their position. They testify to their quest for even the simplest freedoms, despite the social oppression they faced.
The story of Haruki Murakami, written at the beginning of the last century,Super frog saves Tokyotakes place in Kabukicho, a red-light district in Tokyo's Shinjuku district, and is about how a frog saves the city from a massive earthquake. In January 1995, the Great Hanshin Earthquake struck western Japan, and in March of the same year, the Tokyo subway sarin attack was perpetrated by members of the Aum Shinrikyo sect movement. Murakami's story is inspired by these events and is included in "After the earthquake", a collection published five years later that examines the causes of various problems facing Japan. These stories contain connections to his next bestseller, "1Q84', but on their own they demonstrate Murakami's genius as a short story writer, and 'After the Quake' is one of my favorite collections.
If I only want one part, what's the best way to get a sense of Tokyo as a whole?
I would recommend the anthology"The Tokyo Book", which brings together stories from 10 contemporary Japanese writers. Tokyo is a huge city. Even those born and raised here, like me, don't know its breadth. It contains uninhabited forests and densely built-up zones and areas with remnants of the early 20th century city. Reading these 10 stories set in contemporary Tokyo makes me feel like I'm back home after a long journey. This is us, now in Tokyo. Yet we are still traveling. And as long as we keep traveling, the writers of the world will keep writing stories.
Hiromi Kawakami's Tokyo Reading List
Hiromi Kawakami is one of Japan's most popular contemporary novelists. She has won numerous literary awards in Japan and the United States, including the Akutagawa Prize for 'A Snake Stepped On' and the Tanizaki Prize for 'Strange Weather in Tokyo'.
Allison Markin Powell is a New York City-based literary translator who has translated Osamu Dazai and Kaoru Takamura, and whose translation of Kawakami's "The Ten Loves of Nishino" won the 2020 PEN America Translation Prize.
Tags: DailyExpertNewsReadTokyo
United Talent Agency is expanding its literary activities
The end of a bookworld mystery: a suspect in manuscript thefts to plead guilty
Britain is preparing for another installment in the Royal Family Drama
In the novel "Cosy Catastrophe", the end of the world is not so bad
Edith Pearlman, acclaimed writer in later life, dies at 86
The Jackal, the Fox and Auld Lang Syne


What WordPress plugin can create a ranking table?
Can someone tell me if there is a WordPress plugin for implementing the table which is shown here: http://www.livehacked.com/blogging-business/power-100/?
If we don't have a plugin, how can we do this?
http://ipadboardgames.org/best-ios-board-games/ as well as the sidebar widget for top games with over 100 votes.
and in the search bar write "ranking"
It gives a lot options for that.
Check the screenshots and the compatibility info in the right bottom side.
Select the one its You like.
That's it. I looked in the source.


text:
Occurrence and characterisation of Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) in sheep in the federal state of Thuringia, Germany
Ulrich Methner ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7045-18681 &
Udo Moog2
The occurrence of Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) (SASd) and other Salmonella organisms in sheep in the German federal state of Thuringia was examined for the first time. Pooled faecal samples from 90 flocks located in this state were monitored.
Only SASd was detected in 74 (82.2%) out of the 90 sheep herds, other Salmonella serovars were not identified. A positive correlation was found between the flock size and the detection probability of SASd. Despite the agent's high prevalence, clinical symptoms of a disease exclusively due to SASd have not been observed. The SASd strains were characterised by macrorestriction analysis, antimicrobial testing and the biochemical profile. All strains were sensitive to 13 out of 14 antimicrobial substances and resistant to only sulfamethoxazole. The high number of macrorestriction groups of SASd strains indicated a low clonality of the serovar.
Data from sheep derived foods and public health data in Germany strongly suggest that the significance of SASd for public health is considerably lower than that of serovars belonging to Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica. For this reason and because of the low disease-causing potential of SASd in sheep, it is worthwile to consider a reduction in ongoing activities from combating to monitoring serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) in the sheep population.
Sheep can be infected with a wide range of Salmonella enterica serovars that are not restricted to ovine and do not establish an endemic pattern [1]. The host-specific serovar Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Abortus-ovis represents a common cause of abortion and mortality in young lambs in endemic areas of Europe and Western Asia [1, 2]. While the sheep associated serovar Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) (SASd) is also considered as host-adapted [3,4,5,6], it displays a very different epidemiological pattern. SASd is able to produce both intestinal and extra-intestinal infections with faecal, vaginal and nasal colonisation as well as shedding, but mostly without clinical disease [7,8,9]. However, it has also been reported that SASd may occasionally cause rhinitis or chronic nasal inflammation [10, 11], orchitis [12], or aborted foetuses [4]. As these properties deviate from the classical characteristics of host-restricted, host-adapted or ubiquitous serovars [13], the term sheep associated serovar [6] appears most appropriate to characterise serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7).
A few studies have been undertaken to investigate the prevalence of SASd and other Salmonella serovars in sheep, particularly in the United Kingdom [5, 14], Sweden [6], Norway [9], USA [15], Iceland [16] and Switzerland [17]. Among these countries, SASd prevalence rates in sheep flocks varied from 11% [17] to more than 70% [15] which is very likely due to different study designs. Nevertheless, SASd was the predominant serovar in all these countries [6, 9, 14, 15, 17] except for Iceland [16]. Data specifying the occurrence of Salmonella spp. or SASd in the German sheep population are not available.
Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain information on the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in sheep throughout the federal state of Thuringia. Furthermore, the isolated Salmonella organisms were characterised phenotypically and genotypically to explore a possible epidemiological connection.
Sampling of sheep flocks and bacteriology
A total of 90 sheep flocks of different size (9 categories of herd size) located throughout the German federal state of Thuringia (Table 1, Fig. 1) were monitored over a period of 1 year. Herds from each Thuringian region were selected, which are representative in terms of sheep density, size and management system. In each herd, 3 pooled faecal samples (ca. 25–30 g) consisting each of fresh sheep faeces from at least 10 different places, in order to represent at least 10 different animals and several parts of the herd were collected (in total 270 samples from 90 herds). Individual samples were either taken rectally or collected from fresh droppings without environmental contamination. The pooled samples were kept in plastic containers until bacteriological examination started on the day of sampling. Analysis of faecal samples was carried out according to ISO 6579-1 [18]. Buffered peptone water, modified semi-solid Rappaport-Vassiliadis, xylose lysine deoxycholate agar and Rambach agar were applied for the analysis. Furthermore, deoxycholate-citrate agar was used to possibly increase the isolation rate of SASd (all from SIFIN, Berlin Germany). All Salmonella isolates were serotyped using poly- and monovalent anti-O as well as anti-H sera (SIFIN) according to the Kauffmann-White scheme [19]. The biochemical profile of Salmonella strains originating from different regions was determined using the identification system API 20E (bioMerieux, Nürtingen, Germany). Furthermore, sheep flocks were also observed for signs of morbidity and the history of clinical symptoms in the flock was assessed.
Table 1 Occurrence of Salmonella serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) in sheep flocks of different size in the federal state Thuringia in Germany
Location of sheep flocks sampled for Salmonella in the federal state Thuringia in Germany. (source: https://d-maps.com/carte.php?num_car=24110&lang=de)
Antimicrobial susceptibilities of the Salmonella strains detected in sheep flocks were assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the broth microdilution method with Sensititre™ EUVSEC plates (Trek Diagnostic Systems Ltd., East Grinstead, United Kingdom). Epidemiological cut-off values according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) were used [20]. Antimicrobial susceptibilities to sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, meropenem, azithromycin, nalidixic acid, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, tigecycline, ceftazidime, colistin, ampicillin and gentamicin were examined.
Genotyping using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)
Macrorestriction analysis was carried out as described [21]. Isolates were considered to be different when a one-band difference between fragments over 70 kb was observed [21, 22].
A logistic regression was performed between the two variables infection status as the dichotom dependent variable and herd size (category as nominal variable 1 to 9, Table 1) as independent variable. Statistical evaluation was conducted using MedCalc Software.
Bacteriological analysis
Pooled faecal samples (n = 270) from 90 farms were examined for the occurrence of Salmonella organisms (Fig. 1). Only SASd was detected in 74 (82.2%) out of the 90 sheep flocks, other Salmonella serovars were not found (Table 1). In total, 206 (76.3%) pooled samples were positive for SASd and 64 (23.7%) were negative. The odds ratio for herd size was 2.285 with a 95% confidence interval from 1.878 to 2.779 (p < 0.0001). Therefore, the parameter herd size is a highly significant variable for the prediction of the infection status of the flock.
In nearly all flocks with more than 100 animals the sheep associated SASd was detected. Indeed, even in flocks with only 30–100 animals, 80 -86% of the flocks were positive for SASd. All herds with more than 500 animals showed a prevalence of 100%. The prevalence value of 100% for the herd size 101–300 is probably an outlier because only 4 herds were sampled. In all flocks with proven SASd in faecal samples no signs of morbidity exclusively due to this serovar were observed and the history of the flocks did not reveal any evidence for clinical symptoms caused by SASd.
Antimicrobial susceptibilities
All 74 SASd strains tested were sensitive to 13 out of 14 antimicrobials. The organisms were all resistant to sulfamethoxazole (MIC > 512 μg/ml). Level of susceptibility against the other antimicrobial substances did not reveal differences between the strains, the resistance patterns of the SASd were nearly identical. MIC values (μg/ml) of the strains were as follows: trimethoprim (1–2), ciprofloxacin (0.06), tetracycline (4–8), meropenem (< 0.03), azithromycin (8–16), nalidixic acid (8), cefotaxime (< 0.25), chloramphenicol (< 8), tigecycline (1–2), ceftazidime (< 0.05), colistin (< 1), ampicillin (2) and gentamicin (1). Further differentiation among the SASd strains based on the resistance pattern was not possible.
Biochemical characterisation
SASd strains were tested using API 20E and identified as Salmonella. They all showed a positive ONPG reaction due to their β-galactosidase production which is characteristic for Salmonella enterica subspecies arizonae and diarizonae [19] and might, however, complicate the isolation of SASd organisms [22]. Also, tests for lysine decarboxylase, production of hydrogen sulphide and production of acid from sorbitol varied between the SASd strains examined. Therefore, "Analytical Profile Indices" of the SASd strains were I for 7,704,552 (lysine decarboxylase +), II for 3,704,552 (lysine decarboxylase -) and III for 3,704,152 (lysine decarboxylase -, sorbitol -) (Table 2). The different API 20E indices I, II, or III were not used to generate a further distinction in addition to the macrorestriction groups, since a correlation between both features was missing. Because of the biochemical characteristics of SASd, the use of more selective media than required by ISO 6579-1 [19] (e.g. deoxycholate-citrate agar) very likely raised the number of SASd strains found in sheep flocks.
Table 2 Characteristics of strains of Salmonella serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7)
Macrorestriction analysis
Two different restriction endonucleases, XbaI and SpeI (Figs. 2 and 3) were used to cleave whole-cell DNA of 29 SASd isolates originating from different regions and flocks in Thuringia (Table 2, Fig. 4). XbaI digestion yielded nine (X1 to X9) different patterns, SpeI digestion resulted in six (S1 to S6) patterns. Therefore, the SASd strains tested revealed a high genetic diversity. Results of macrorestriction analysis allowed the assignment of the 29 strains examined in this study to 13 macrorestriction groups A to M (Table 2). In most cases, strains belonging to the same macrorestriction group (e.g. A for strains 1513, 1680 or B for strains 1515, 1520, 1563, 1677) were located apart from each other in very different regions of Thuringia. Only group C occurred more frequently in different related counties of the federal state (Fig. 4).
XbaI (X1-X9) macrorestriction patterns of Salmonella strains 61: k: 1, 5, (7)
Spe I (S1-S6) macrorestriction patterns of Salmonella strains 61: k: 1, 5, (7)
Distribution of macrorestriction groups (A-M) of Salmonella serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) strains in sheep flocks in the federal state Thuringia in Germany. (source: https://d-maps.com/carte.php?num_car=24110&lang=de)
In the sheep population of the federal state of Thuringia, only the serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) was detected in more than 80% of the examined flocks. The dominant appearance of SASd in sheep confirms study results from other countries. However, the detected prevalence of 82% in this study is high compared to data from other countries, such as Norway (20%) [9], Switzerland (11%) [17], USA (72%) [15] or Sweden (12–40%) [6]. Real differences probably exist between countries, but the variation will also be heavily influenced by different study designs, sampling methods or sampling material. In view of the moderate to high prevalence of SASd in different countries, the occurrence of this serovar seems to be due to a long lasting persistence in sheep flocks because of its host associated characteristics. Other Salmonella serovars that are not confined to sheep are obviously rare and do not establish an epidemic pattern, and their occurrence appears to be related to pastures contaminated with wild bird faeces [2].
Despite the considerable detection rate of SASd in sheep flocks, it might be possible that the real incidence in sheep is even higher because of the biochemical features of this serovar [14]. The lactose positive SASd organisms might constitute a special diagnostic problem, therefore, serovars of Salmonella subspecies diarizonae may slip through undetected [19]. Hence, in addition to method ISO 6579-1 [18], it is recommended to use further indicator media when SASd strains are suspected [23]. This is supported by this study as the variation also in the production of hydrogen sulphide between SASd strains observed hampers the detection when xylose lysine deoxycholate agar is used.
Antimicrobial testing revealed that SASd organisms from 74 sheep flocks in Thuringia were sensitive to 13 of 14 antimicrobials. All strains were resistant to only sulfamethoxazole, confirming results from earlier studies [6, 22] that did not find resistant SASd strains. Therefore, the risk of transferring antimicrobial resistances via SASd strains from sheep to other animal hosts or humans might be considered as negligible.
Although a wide distribution of SASd was found in this study, clinical symptoms of a disease exclusively due to SASd have not been detected in that period. Despite signs of rhinitis, nasal inflammation or aborted foetuses which were noted occasionally in different studies [4, 10, 11], it cannot be ruled out that factors other than SASd were involved in producing these clinical signs. This occasional occurrence of clinical symptoms is also supported by the observation that experimental infections of sheep with SASd indeed resulted in intestinal or nasal colonisation but not in the induction of clinical signs of a disease [24, 25]. The lack of clinical symptoms in sheep flocks harbouring SASd [6, 9] has been regularly observed.
In this study, SASd was detected in nearly all flocks with more than 100 sheep and even in 80 -86% of sheep flocks with only 30–100 animals. A positive correlation was found between the increasing flock size and the increasing probability of detecting SASd. A higher SASd prevalence in larger sheep flocks was also found in earlier studies [26] which might be due to the more successful and long-lasting persistence of SASd in such flocks. Others [9] found a low within-flock prevalence regardless of the flock size, indicating that the transmission rate of the organism is limited. However, comprehensive information on the infection routes for both within the flock and from herd to herd are still missing. The role of the "ram circle", the exchange of rams between different farms, in the transmission of SASd between flocks has been discussed [9, 26], though, clear evidence is not available. Even the mode of spreading of the organism between single animals is not completely known, and detailed studies on infection routes are still needed.
To obtain information on a possible epidemiological connection and on the distribution of SASd in the Thuringian sheep population macrorestriction analysis of a representative number of isolates originating from different regions and flocks was carried out. Because of the high degree of similarity in antimicrobial resistance pattern of SASd and the missing correlation between biochemical index and macrorestriction pattern, only results of the macrorestriction analysis were used to generate macrorestriction groups [21] for discrimination among SASd strains. The high number of genotypes revealed after digestion with both XbaI and SpeI resulted in a high number of macrorestriction groups, indicating low clonality of SASd. As most macrorestriction groups were dispersed throughout the federal state and because of the lack of epidemiological data on risk factors for transmission routes it was not possible to make conclusions on an epidemiological context of SASd organisms in Thuringia. Despite the more frequent occurrence of macrorestriction group C in related counties, reasons for an exchange of this SASd group between the sheep herds could not be identified. Comparable data from macrorestriction studies of SASd are rare [17, 22, 27] and cannot be compared directly with results of this study.
The wide distribution of SASd in sheep flocks in Thuringia also raises the question on its zoonotic potential. How to deal with findings of SASd in sheep flocks? In contrast to poultry, cattle and pigs, there is no regulation in place on the control of Salmonella infections in sheep in Germany. Despite the likely moderate to high prevalence of SASd in the German sheep population, meat, meat products and cheese from sheep are very rarely contaminated with Salmonella organisms, SASd has not been isolated from these foods [28]. Human infections caused by serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) have not been notified in Germany since 2000, so that the significance of SASd for public health is negligible compared to that of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovars [29].
Therefore, SASd seemed merely to be a commensal and colonising inhabitant of the intestine and the upper respiratory tract in healthy sheep, which may occasionally become invasive only in debilitated animals. The pathogenic significance of SASd as monocausal agent is considered as low since clinical signs in sheep flocks harbouring SASd are, consistent to results of this study, not regularly observed [6, 9]. It is also concluded that control measures applied upon findings of SASd in sheep have very little impact on reducing risks to human health and that measures to eradicate this serovar from sheep herds will probably not reduce its prevalence in the sheep population [6]. For these reasons, Sweden was the first country to make an exception for serovar SASd in Salmonella control [6], thus reducing activities from combating to monitoring serovar SASd in sheep. Despite the limited but confirming data on the disease-causing and zoonotic potential of SASd, the Swedish strategy could also be a guideline for Germany, which is supported also by the results of this study. Nevertheless, given the special and interesting characteristics of SASd and the persisting lack of knowledge on the infection, further studies on the pathogenicity and transmission routes of this organism in sheep will be most valuable.
In the sheep population of the German federal state of Thuringia, only Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) (SASd) was detected in more than 80% of the examined flocks. Antimicrobial testing revealed that all SASd organisms from sheep flocks in Thuringia were sensitive to 13 of 14 antimicrobials, therefore, the risk of transferring antimicrobial resistances via SASd to humans can be considered as low. Despite the high prevalence of this agent, clinical symptoms of a disease exclusively due to SASd have not been observed. A high number of macrorestriction groups of SASd strains were found indicating a low clonality of the serovar. Data from sheep derived foods and public health data in Germany strongly suggest that the significance of SASd for public health is considerably lower than that of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovars. For this reason and because of the low disease-causing potential of SASd in sheep, in accordance with strategies in other countries, it is worthwile to consider a reduction in the ongoing activities from combating to monitoring SASd in the sheep population also in Germany.
EUCAST:
European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
MIC:
Minimum inhibitory concentration
S. :
SASd:
Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7)
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Methner U, Heller M, Bocklisch H. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis in a wild boar population in Germany. Eur J Wildl Res. 2010;56:493–02.
Bonke R, Wacheck S, Bumann C, Thum C, Stüber E, König M, Stephan R, Frederiksson-Ahomaa M. High prevalence of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae in tonsils of sheep at slaughter. Food Res Int. 2012;45:880–4.
Alvseike O, Skjerve E. Probability of detection of Salmonella using different analytical procedures, with emphasis on subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) [S. IIIb 61: k: 1, 5, (7)]. Int J Food Microbiol. 2000;58:49–58.
Hannam DAR, Wray C, Harbourne JF. Experimental Salmonella arizonae inection of sheep. Br Vet J. 1986;142:458–66.
Brogden KA, Meehan JT, Lehmkuhl HD. Salmonella arizonae infection and colonisation of the upper respiratory tract of sheep. Vet Rec. 1994;135:410–1.
Alvseike O, Skjerve E. Prevalence of Salmonella subspecies diarizonae in Norwegian sheep herds. Prev Vet Med. 2002;52:277–85.
Alvseike O, Vardund T, Lindstedt B, Heir E, Eriksson E, Kapperud G. Molecular epidemiology and population genetics of Salmonella subspecies diarizonae in sheep in Norway and Sweden. Epidemiol Infect. 2004;132:253–61.
BfR. Agents of zoonoses in Germany in 2014. BfR Wissensch 2016;06/2016:275 pp. www.bfr.bund.de.
www.rki.de/SurvStat/. Data on notifiable diseaes according the German law on prevention and control of infectious diseases.
The skilled technical assistance of Silke Keiling and Lisa Rüter is gratefully acknowledged. We particularly thank Dr. Roland Diller, Dr. Timo Homeier-Bachmann and Susanne Amler for their advice and evaluation of the statistical analysis. Special thanks are due to Prof. Dr. Konrad Sachse for critical reading of the manuscript and language editing.
The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses at the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743, Jena, Germany
Ulrich Methner
Thuringian Animal Diseases Fund, Victor-Goerttler-Str. 4, 07745, Jena, Germany
Udo Moog
UM1 coordinated the study, analysed the sample material, performed data evaluation and wrote the manuscript. UM2 coordinated and carried out sampling and health evaluation of the flocks. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Correspondence to Ulrich Methner.
The study was performed in accordance with the German Animal Protection Act and approved by an ethical committee (registration number: 2684-04-15-BFI-18-101). The collection of specimens was in accordance with local legislation. Consent to collect the samples was obtained from the animal owners verbal. No methods of euthanasia/ anesthesia were employed.
Methner, U., Moog, U. Occurrence and characterisation of Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) in sheep in the federal state of Thuringia, Germany. BMC Vet Res 14, 401 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-018-1741-4
Salmonella diarizonae
Zoonotic potential


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text:
Amid Recession, Sub-Saharan Africa Poised for Recovery
Digital Technologies Key to Driving Future of Work
Albert G. Zeufack, World Bank Chief Economist for Africa
WASHINGTON, March 31, 2021—Economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is estimated to have contracted by 2.0% in 2020, closer to the lower bound of the forecast in April 2020, and prospects for recovery are strengthening amid actions to contain new waves of the pandemic and speed up vaccine rollouts, according to the World Bank's biannual economic analysis for the region.
The latest Africa's Pulse, The Future of Work in Africa: Emerging Trends in Digital Technology Adoption, notes that a slower spread of the virus and lower COVID-19-related mortality, strong agricultural growth and a faster-than expected recovery in commodity prices has helped many African economies weather the economic storm induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The report notes that economic recovery hinges on countries deepening reforms that create jobs, encourage investment, and enhance competitiveness. The resurgence of the pandemic in late 2020 and limited additional fiscal support will pose an uphill battle for policy makers as they continue to work toward stronger growth and improved livelihoods for their people.
"African countries have made tremendous investments over the last year to keep their economies afloat and protect the lives and livelihoods of their people," said Albert G. Zeufack, World Bank Chief Economist for Africa. "Ambitious reforms that support job creation, strengthen equitable growth, protect the vulnerable and contribute to environmental sustainability will be key to bolstering those efforts going forward toward a stronger recovery across the African continent."
Growth in the region is forecast to rise between 2.3 and 3.4% in 2021, depending on the policies adopted by countries and the international community. A second wave of COVID-19 infections is partly dragging down the 2021 growth projections, with daily infections about 40% higher than during the first wave. While some countries had a significant drop in COVID-19 infections due to containment measures adopted by the government, other countries are facing an upward trend in infections. Real GDP growth for 2022 is estimated at 3.1%. For most countries in the region, activity will remain well below the pre-COVID-19 projections at the end of 2021, increasing the risk of long-lasting damage from the pandemic on people's living standards.
Sub-Saharan Africa's recovery is expected to vary across countries. Non-resource-intensive countries, such as Côte d'Ivoire and Kenya, and mining-dependent economies, such as Botswana and Guinea, are expected to see robust growth in 2021, driven by a rebound in private consumption and investment as confidence strengthens and exports increase.
In the Eastern and Southern Africa subregion, the growth contraction for 2020 is estimated at -3.0%, mostly driven by South Africa and Angola, the subregion's largest economies. Excluding Angola and South Africa, economic activity in the subregion is projected to expand by 2.6% in 2021, and 4.0% in 2022,
Growth in the Western and Central Africa subregion contracted by 1.1% in 2020, less than projected in October 2020 partly due to a less severe contraction in Nigeria, the subregion's largest economy, in the second half of the year. Real gross domestic product in the Western and Central Africa subregion is projected to grow 2.1% in 2021 and 3.0% in 2022.
The Pulse also notes that African countries can speed up their recovery by ramping up their existing efforts to support the economy and people in the near term, especially women, youth and other vulnerable groups. Africa's Pulse recommends those policies be complemented by reforms that fosters the country's inclusive productivity growth and competitiveness. Reducing countries' debt burdens will release resources for public investment, in areas such as education, health, and infrastructure. Investments in human capital will help lower the risk of long-lasting damage from the pandemic which may become apparent over the longer term, and can enhance competitiveness and productivity. The next twelve months will be a critical period for leveraging the African Continental Free Trade Area in order to deepen African countries' integration into regional and global value chains. The report also notes that reforms that address digital infrastructure gaps and make the digital economy more inclusive–ensuring affordability but also building skills for all segments of society- are essential to improve connectivity, boost digital technology adoption, and generate more and better jobs for men and women.
World Bank Group COVID-19 Response
The World Bank, one of the largest sources of funding and knowledge for developing countries, is taking broad, fast action to help developing countries respond to the health, social and economic impacts of COVID-19. This includes $12 billion to help low- and middle-income countries purchase and distribute COVID-19 vaccines, tests, and treatments, and strengthen vaccination systems.The financing builds on the broader World Bank Group COVID-19 response, which is helping more than 100 countries strengthen health systems, support the poorest households, and create supportive conditions to maintain livelihoods and jobs for those hit hardest.
.*World Bank
U.S. Institute of Peace and Sudan Forge Partnership for Peace
Ntaganda Case: International Criminal Court(ICC) Appeals Chamber confirms conviction and sentencing decisions
Akon wants to build 'real-life Wakanda' using a currency called AKoin
Republic of Congo government blames non-existent militia for attack, wages war on citizens
Integrating Financial Services In Africa
Nigeria's Boko Haram crisis: Zannah Mustapha wins UN award
South Sudan: JEDCO to cut off power supply in Juba capital
STEM Education and African Development
Kenya :Crackdown on rogue Leaders
African Small-Scale Farmers Carve a Giant Message for World Leaders in the Very Soil They Farm
'Yes, I was dead:' Zimbabwe's Mugabe back after disappearing


EROSS promotes and supports interdisciplinary research in the area of Sexuality Studies. It recognises the benefits of joined-up research programmes and the need to address questions of relating to all sexualities from a number of disciplinary perspectives.
This research proposes to explore the lived experiences of older lesbian women in Ireland. Such research has not been undertaken previously in Ireland. The life histories of lesbian women are as complicated and multi-layered as these social histories in other countries have demonstrated. Such histories will be lost given the age of the potential participants. As such this research is crucial for the understanding of the socio-cultural and socio-political context in which lesbian women's experiences were embedded.
A qualitative approach using the biographical methodological framework will be taken using one-to-one in-depth interviews to uncover the history of the lived experience of the post-retired lesbian woman in Ireland.
This report on the experiences of LGB people working in An Garda Síochána (the Irish Police Force). It unearths both positive and negative lived realities, giving a a voice to those who ordinarily may not be heard. All those who are member of An Garda Síochána or members of the reserves expressed an informed decision to join the Gardaí. They did this while recognising that they were different to others. Yet they all expressed their pride in being police officers. Findings demonstrate that being out and openly gay is not fully acceptable to An Garda Síochána. This is evidenced by the fact that participants remain closeted, or if open, are fearful of a lack of career progression. As such there appears to be a 'glass ceiling' in relation to LGB persons serving in An Garda Síochána. The organizational message appears to be one of no change, and, if anyone is different they should keep their head under the radar, thus remaining invisible.
There is a lack of knowledge about lesbian women's lives and social experiences in Irish society. This study deals with the nature of being-in-the- world of health care: the nature of being lesbian women both as service users and orivuders as nurses working in the health care environment. In their day to day living, lesbian women know how to act, react and behave to exist within society. However, these taken-for-granted ways of understanding of being-in-the-world are brought to the forefront when lesbian women seek health care. For lesbian nurses, being-in-the-world of health care is to know that world both as health care professional and as lesbian women. The findings from this study suggest that some lesbian women go to great efforts to conceal their sexual identity. They curtail their behaviour, set up barriers to communication utilising protective devices to protect the self from exposure to Others. Lesbian nurses remain hidden, fearing the consequences of being discovered, which leads to feelings of isolation, loneliness and sadness.
Traditionally women have found recourse in artistic means to interrogate change and upheaval. This volume explores the experiences of women from Spain, Portugal and Latin America in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries who themselves have crossed cultural boundaries or have described this experience in their literature and film. Common to most of the essays are the central issues of identity, values, conflict and interconnectedness and an analysis of the patterns that result from the transcultural encounter of these aspects.
Dix-sept nouvelles du vingtième siècle, cueillies un peu partout dans la francophonie, permettent de se poser l'éternelle question: y aurait-il des nouvelles qui affirment un caractère spécifiquement féminin? Chacun des textes ici présentés, certains empruntés aux écrivaines les plus importantes de notre monde, est suivi d'un commentaire critique à l'usage des étudiants de troisième cycle. Chaque commentaire est généré d'une école théorique critique spécifique.
Should you wish to publish online please contact Mel Duffy & Jean-Philippe Imbert. All online publications are double blind peer reviewed and are provided with an ISBN number.


text:
Hans Axel Müller Odriozola (born 2 October 1996) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Swiss Challenge League club Schaffhausen.

Career
Müller is a youth academy graduate of Nacional. He spent 2015–16 season on loan at youth team of Italian club Pescara, where he scored 15 goals from 28 matches. Following his impressive performance with youth team, Pescara senior team manager Massimo Oddo named him on bench for senior team's Serie B matches against Cesena and Spezia.

With no opportunities at Nacional, Müller was loaned out to Racing Montevideo and Montevideo Wanderers during 2018 and 2019 seasons respectively. While at Racing, he made his professional debut on 21 July 2018 in a 1–1 draw against Peñarol. He scored his first goal on 14 October 2018 in Racing's 2–1 win against Montevideo Wanderers.

Müller signed a two-year contract with Cerro Largo in January 2020. On 23 September 2020 it was reported, that Müller's contract had been terminated by mutual agreement.

After getting released by Cerro Largo, Müller started to train with Swiss Challenge League club Schaffhausen in October 2020. In January 2021, he signed a contract with the club until June 2022.

Personal life
Müller also holds a German passport. He is passionate about Paddle tennis and has represented his country in a youth tournament held in Morocco. He has a twin sister named Ingrid.

References

External links

1996 births
Living people
People from Tacuarembó
Uruguayan people of German descent
Association football midfielders
Uruguayan footballers
Uruguayan Primera División players
Swiss Challenge League players
Tacuarembó F.C. players
Club Nacional de Football players
Delfino Pescara 1936 players
Racing Club de Montevideo players
Montevideo Wanderers F.C. players
Cerro Largo F.C. players
FC Schaffhausen players
Uruguayan expatriate footballers
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Expatriate footballers in Italy
Expatriate footballers in Switzerland


text:
Terror Organizations Threaten Israel with Summer Attacks
Source: www.assistnews.net
written by Michael Ireland
TEL AVIV, ISRAEL (ANS) – Islamic Jihad and Hamas work together and Israel should expect massive terror attacks this summer, according to an article by Baruch Yedid, TPS, writing for www.Unitedwithisrael.org
Members of Islamic Jihad
United With Israel said on its website the Islamic Jihad terrorist organization in Gaza has threated to renew its rocket attacks on Israeli targets if there is no progress in the discussions between Israel and Hamas on a ceasefire, adding that last week's attacks were only a prelude to a major war against Israel in the summer.
Khaled al-Batsh, a senior member of the terrorist organization, stated on Saturday that "if Israel does not fulfill its part in the agreement of understandings for a ceasefire, the resistance has the means to compel it to fulfill the agreement."
United With Israel said that Israel and Hamas, which rules the Gaza Strip, are in the process on ironing out the details of a long-term ceasefire, which would entail an Israeli ease on the restrictions on Gaza in return for a cessation of the violence emanating for Gaza.
Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh on Friday spoke with UN Special Envoy to the Middle East Nickolay Mladenov on the progress in talks.
In the meantime, Islamic Jihad leader Ziad Nahle told the Lebanese Al-Mayadeen news in an interview last week that he foresees an all-encompassing war with Israel that would include rocket fire on all Israeli cities.
The 60-hour Islamic Jihad attack on Israel last week got as far north as Be'er Sheba, but did not include Tel Aviv and its environs.
Nahle further claimed that Israel requested the ceasefire ahead of its Independence Day celebrations. Other reports say that it was Hamas that begged for the ceasefire following the significant blows Israel inflicted on it.
Relating to his organization's cooperation with Hamas, Nahle said that the two groups coordinated all actions. "The Hamas and Islamic Jihad work shoulder to shoulder," he said.
The Lebanese Hezbollah terror group and his organization were cooperating, and that while his organization maintains contacts with Iran, he claimed Tehran was not involved in last week's attacks on Israel.
mbers of Islamic Jihad
Michael Ireland
Michael Ireland is an Internet journalist and Media Missionary serving as Chief Correspondent for the ASSIST News Service. He is also an ordained minister and an award-winning local cable-TV host/producer. Michael has served with Dan Wooding and ASSIST News Service (ANS) since its beginning in 1989. He has reported for ANS from Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Israel, Jordan, China, and Russia. Follow Michael on Facebook at MichaelIrelandMediaMissionary and on Twitter at @Michael_ASSIST. You may support Michael as a media missionary at https://actintl.givingfuel.com/ireland-michael
//twitter.com/@Michael_ASSIST">


text:
Q: Cloud firestore for ecommerce app. With all the promise of cloud firestore, I would like to know if it's appropriate for an ecommerce app. A kind of social marketplace application. Thanks a lot.

A: From my point of view, Firestore will be a perfect fit for an e-commerce app.
Main features of firestore that help in e-commerce:
1. Real-time sync
All the changes that made in the app will be reflected instantly on all the devices. So updating details of a product will be very efficient.
2. Complete offline support
One of the important features of an e-commerce app is, it should be functional offline, and firestore provides us this feature without the need of any extra coding
3. NoSQL DB and querying
Managing DB and writing and reading from it, is very easy, and also firestore supports chain filters and combine filtering and sorting on a property in a single query.
4. Cloud function support
This is a cool feature and it will be very useful for sending notification etc according to user behaviors.
5. Android, IOS and Web support
Firestore have support in android, ios and web.
You can reduce development time drastically if you use firestore.
These are all the advantages that I can come up with. Now there are some small disadvantages, which is searching through firestore and the query limitation on inequality.
It is specified in there documentation: "Cloud Firestore doesn't support native indexing or search for text fields in documents.". But they also mentioned a solution to use third-party search service like Algolia.
I will not say go for firestore blindly. Carefully compare it with other alternatives too.

A:
AFAIK it doesn't suit you right now.

I have tried to create a simple Questionary App (MCQ Quiz of different subject). A question have an array of Tags(Subject). If I like to show the question related to mathematics and physics it doesn't provide me. I have to call service for each subject and remove the common one.
It doesn't support database in function
It doesn't have OR operation (Can't use multiple where )
And a lot more basic function.
According to no SQL ranking it comes to 7 number where as mongoDB is number 1.


LifeWay Resources, the largest Christian retail chain in America, plans to close all 170 stores this year and shift its offerings entirely online.
"The decision to close our local stores is a difficult one," said acting president and CEO Brad Waggoner, who is succeeding longtime LifeWay president Thom Rainer, in an announcement on Wednesday.
The 47-year-old man said he was acting in revenge for the thousands of migrants, many of them African, who have drowned in the Mediterranean in recent years while trying to reach Europe from Libya. "No one will survive," he said, according to police. "He shouted 'Stop the deaths at sea, I'll carry out a massacre'," said Marco Palmieri, a police spokesman. The man, named as Ousseynou Sy, was driving 51 children from their middle school near the city of Cremona to a sporting event when he started making threats, brandishing a knife.
In an ordeal that lasted around 40 minutes, he started driving towards nearby Milan. He rammed the bus into cars on a busy highway before it came to a stop at a roadblock set up by police. He then doused it in petrol and set it on fire. Police smashed the windows of the vehicle to allow the children to escape.
That will certainly make people want more immigrants… won't it….
And that's why there's a hell.
Your public assemblies I have come to hate. For there are excessive banquetings, and subtle flutes which provoke to lustful movements, and useless and luxurious anointings, and crowning with garlands. With such a mass of evils do you banish shame; and ye fill your minds with them, and are carried away by intemperance, and indulge as a common practice in wicked and insane fornication.
Justin would say pretty much the same thing about most modern Christian worship and every Emergent and Seeker Sensitive 'Church'.
Volume One of this three volume series has been reviewed previously, here. The publisher also sent volumes two and three for review.
And, as always, people interested in any V&R publications in North America can order them from their distribution partner, ISD.
Exactly 450 years after the solemn closure of the Council of Trent on 4 December 1563, scholars from diverse regional, disciplinary and confessional backgrounds convened in Leuven to reflect upon the impact of this Council, not only in Europe but also beyond. Their conclusions are to be found in these three impressive volumes. Bridging different generations of scholarship, the authors reassess in a first volume Tridentine views on the Bible, theology and liturgy, as well as their reception by Protestants, deconstructing many myths surviving in scholarship and society alike. They also deal with the mechanisms 'Rome' developed to hold a grip on the Council's implementation. The second volume analyzes the changes in local ecclesiastical life, initiated by bishops, orders and congregations, and the political strife and confessionalisation accompanying this reform process. The third and final volume examines the afterlife of Trent in arts and music, as well as in the global impact of Trent through missions.
A click on the volume links above will take one to the table of contents and other relevant materials. Before proceeding you are requested to go there so as to be 'up to speed' with what these two works contain.
Once one comes to the realization that the volumes are comprised with the clearest and most thorough analysis of the Council of Trent presently available one can appreciate more fully the incredible importance of these works.
Volume two's focus on clerics and governmental authority provides important materials which themselves provide insights into the 16th and 17th centuries as they are experienced by some of society's most important personages. To say that another way, how clerics and government officials saw themselves and their tasks are on full and clear display. This 'from the top down' perspective isn't mere elitism exposed, however but rather a clear portrayal of the wrestlings involved in important cultural trends and decisions. And all of this in reaction and response to the decrees of the Council of Trent.
But it is volume three which enthralls and delights. From the ways that Trent influenced art and music to the working out of the implications of Trent for Catholicism in Asia and the Global South, each essay opens new vistas and provides new insights on a very wide world.
The spread of Protestantism and the drastic need of moral and administrative reforms within the RC Church led to widespread demand among Catholics for a Universal Council, but disputes between *Charles V and others who favoured such action, and the Popes, who were generally averse to it, long prevented a move. At last *Paul III summoned a council to Mantua for 23 May 1537, but the plan fell through owing to French resistance. In 1538 further proposals for a council at Vicenza were frustrated by the unexpected indifference of the Emperor. In 1542 the Pope again convoked the Council, this time to Trent. After yet another postponement it eventually met on 13 Dec. 1545. At the outset it was a very small assembly, composed of 3 legates, 1 cardinal, 4 archbishops, 21 bishops, and 5 generals of orders.
The entire discussion covers but two columns. And yet thoroughness matters, and the three volumes titled The Council of Trent: Reform and Controversy om Europe and Beyond (1545-1700) make that more than abundantly clear. They should be read. Indeed, in my humble view, students of the history of the Church should oblige themselves to read more than surface scratches. Tolle, lege!
*F. L. Cross and Elizabeth A. Livingstone, eds., The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), 1650-1651.
* denotes the current number, updated as necessary.
So far am I from yielding to you that unless you leave me and mine—that is, the sheep of Christ—in peace and quiet, I shall proceed to deal with you far more roughly, without fear of your words or your frowns. You must deal with me by means of the Holy Scriptures bestowed upon us by God (and do not forget that point), and they must not be twisted. You must not use things devised by the vanity of man, and you must come to close quarters and not fight by laying mines. As soon as I perceive any tricks, I shall expose them.
[divine judgment] "shal come upon you as a Whirlwind, & overtake you as a Thief in the night, and when you cry peace, then shall destruction upon destruction come suddenly, and you shall not escape; torment shall take hold upon you; and anguish shall seise upon your inward parts; a fire shall be kindled in your bowels for ever, which shall burn, and none shall quench it." Humphrey Smith (Quaker), 1658.