Berki Zsofi won and leads the U1800 group. Dal Bianco Nicola also won and shares the lead with 5,5/7.
Extensive pregame preparation also included trying figure out what was going on near where I live.
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Law is best among other professions because it has scope in personal as well as in the professional life of an individual. A clear concept of law is beneficial to a person as well as to the society. One can practice Law as a Lawyer, Solicitor, Judge, Legal Advisor, Attorney, etc. Law resolves a conflict among people and establishes a balance between individuals and community.
Development of an individual is not possible without proper Legal System. Law helps to bind all people together, protect our general safety, and ensure our rights as citizens against abuses by other people and by organizations.
Law is not static, but dynamic in nature. Public opinion may guide the direction of law reform by guiding policy or it may affect the speed at which policy becomes law-by either slowing down or speeding up the process. Public opinion changes according to person, place or requirement.


text:
Search results for London:
1. [Bookplate for Johannis Platt by John Dickson Batten] This bookplate has both heraldic and pictoral qualities. The primary subject of the bookplate is a lamb, grazing in a glade of flowers, with bookplate owner's name in a banner below. In the background, the bookplate features a pen of sheep as well as a dead wolf hanging from a tree. At top-left corner, the bookplate features an escutcheon, azure (blue), charged with two fleur-de-lis and a lamb, two over one, and a chevron or (gold) charged with a fleur-de-lis and two cinque foil. Above the escutcheon is a peer helmet, with a wreath charged with a grazing lamb. Mantling radiates from the helmet, and Welsh motto is contained on one side. The entire scene is contained within a stylized border, with Welsh motto within.
2. [Bookplate for Marcel Godfrey Isaacs by W. P. B.] This heraldric bookplate consists of an escutcheon, sable (black), with a bend, or (gold), and a square charged with the head of a cougar at sinister chief. Above the escutcheon is an esquire helmet, which is charged with a straight wreath and an arm embowed fessways, holding a dagger piercing the head of a cougar. Bookplate owner's name at base.
3. [Bookplate for United Service Club] This bookplate's design features a royal crown above a thistle, clovers, a rose, and two surrounding branches.
4. [Bookplate for George Wilbraham] In black ink. Escutcheon parted per pale, the sinister half azure, a bend, argent, engrailed, two bendlets, or, on either side. The dexter half parted per cross. The first and fourth quarters, argent, bendy of seven, argent and azure. The second and third quarters, barry of five, argent and azure, a canton, sable, with a wolf. Above the escutcheon is a straight crest wreath topped with a wolf. Below the escutcheon is a banner containing the Latin motto.
5. [Bookplate for John Wingfield Larking] This heraldic bookplate consists of an escutcheon, ermine, charged with three heads of wildcats, possibly lions. Above the escutcheon is a closed helmet, placed in profile, denoting the rank of an esquire or a gentleman, from which, elaborate mantling flows. Upon the helmet is a curved wreath, with a crest of a bird, wings elevated and displayed, holding a branch in its beak.
6. [Bookplate for John Keeling] This heraldic bookplate consists of a Chippendale-styled escutcheon, sable (black), charged with a lion rampant. The lion holds an inescutcheon, argent (silver), charged with a cross fitchy. The escutcheon is crested by a demi-lion atop a mural coronet, again holding an inescutcheon, argent, charged with a cross fitchy. The escutcheon is bordered by a decorative floral design, and at dexter, a dragon is positioned at the upper half. Flowers are present on the opposite side. Below the escutcheon, but within the floral design, the Latin motto is featured in a banner.
7. [Bookplate for Thomas Taylor by James Cole] In black ink. This bookplate consists of an escutcheon, sable (black) charged at the nombril point with a lion statant. The rococo escutcheon has scalloped edges at the top and is surrounded by vegetative mantling. Hidden in the mantling is the creator's signature, Cole sc. Above the crest is a straight wreath charged with a leopard statant and below the escutcheon is a banner containing Taylor's Latin motto.
8. [Bookplate for John Lechmere] This heraldic bookplate consists of an escutcheon, gules (red), with a fess, or (gold). Above the fess at dexter and sinister chief, the escutcheon is charged with two birds, possibly pelicans, wings addorsed and inverted. Above the escutcheon is a ducal crown without a cap, which is charged with the same bird, wings addorsed and inverted. Below the escutcheon is a banner, with Latin motto inside.
9. [Bookplate for Edward Loveden] This heraldic bookplate consists of an escutcheon, gules (red), with a bend, cottised vert (green) and sable (black). The escutcheon is charged with four sinister hands, roughly at centre chief, sinister, dexter, and centre base. Above the escutcheon is a straight wreath charged with a heraldic tiger, sejant (sitting position).
10. [Bookplate for John Orde] This heraldic bookplate consists of an escutcheon, parted per pale. At dexter, the escutcheon is sable (black), charged with three fish, two over one, huariant. Above the fish is an escutcheon, argent (silver), with the hand of Ulster ; a dexter hand, gules (red), indicating knight status. At sinister, the escutcheon is or (gold), with a flasque gules. The flasque is charged with wild cat heads, one over one. Above the escutcheon is a straight wreath charged with a stag's head erased. The stag's neck is also charged with a band, gules and engrailed. Below the escutcheon is a banner, with Latin motto within.
11. [Bookplate for Charles Eliot Norton] This bookplate consists of a straight heraldic wreath charged with a gryphon. Below the wreath a three books, piled, with a scroll over-top, with Latin motto within.
12. [Bookplate for Basil Thomas Woodd by Benjamin Warwick] In black ink. This bookplate consists of an escutcheon, parted per pale. The first pale is parted per quarter. Quarters one and four, gules (red), are charged with three demi-Hercules, two over one. Quarters two and three, sable (black), are charged with gryphons rampant, segreant. The second pale is parted per quarter. Quarters one and four, or (gold), charged with a lion rampant, sable, on a chief, gules, in the middle part a fillet, dovetailed, argent (silver). Quarters two and three, azure (blue), are charged with a fleur-de-lis. The escutcheon is set upon a backdrop of concentric circles. The inner circle is decorated with vine-like patterns. Within the outer circle, the originator's Latin motto "non nobis" appears. Below the concentric circles, the creator's signature and address, Benjn. Warwick 124 Regent Street appear. Above the circle is a peer helmet, surrounded by vegetative mantling, and atop the helmet is a straight wreath charged with a demi-figure of Hercules. (Bernard Burke considers the Hercules figures to be woodmen holding a club over their right shoulders or savages, depending upon the source consulted).
13. [Bookplate for Charles Collier] Bookplate design consists of an escutcheon azure (blue), with a fess argent (silver), charged with three heraldric roses, two over one. Above the escutcheon is an esquire helmet, along with mantling. Above the helmet is a straight wreath, charged with a human figure holding a heraldric flower. Below the shield is a banner containing Latin motto.
14. [Bookplate] A lion rampant holding a stemmed (slipped) rose above the entwined letters G or C and H, through which is woven a banner with the Latin phrase. The bookplate is rendered in some kind of red ink, which is raised from the paper both from embossing (visible on the back) and a way that the ink itself is raised from the paper.
15. [Bookplate] This heraldic bookplate consists of an escutcheon, divided per cross. Quarters one and four are sable (black), charged with a dove holding an olive branch upon a mountain. Quarters two and three are or (gold). Supporting the escutcheon are two lions, positioned rampant queue-fourche. Above the escutcheon is a helmet, dexter, with grate closed, indicating a peer status. Upon the helmet, is a crown with another dove holding an olive branch, along with mantling. Below the escutcheon is a banner, with Latin motto within.
16. [Bookplate for Lord Francis Gray by Daniel Lizars and William Home] This heraldic bookplate consists of an escutcheon, gules (red), charged with a lion rampant, with an engrailed bordure, argent (silver). The shield is supported by a lion rampant guardant on each site. Above the shield is a crown denoting baron status, and directly above the crown is a crest of an anchor upon a straight wreath. Immediately below the shield is another crest, a swan, also upon a straight wreath. Extending out from the bottom of the shield are two banners, with bookplate test within. The bookplate is bordered by an elaborate leaf design.
17. [Bookplate for Maria Anna Grimaldi] This heraldic bookplate consists of an escutcheon, or (gold), charged with three esquire helmets, sable (black), en profile at fess, and a lion passant below. Above the escutcheon is an esquire helmet, above which is a crest of an armoured arm embowed clutching a curtana, or a pointless sword of mercy. The escutcheon is surrounded by elaborate mantling, and the entire crest by a stylized border. Below the heraldic image is the Latin text.
18. [Bookplate for Augustus Langdon] This heraldic bookplate is printed on medium weight green paper and consists of a straight wreath charged with a cubit arm of a beast clutching a battle axe. Around the crest is a garter, with latin motto within.
19. [Bookplate for Francis Lawson] This heraldic bookplate consists of a chippendale styled escutcheon, argent (silver) parted per pale ; first, argent, with a saltier, azure (blue), the upper part charged with three garbs, the lower a boar's head, and at dexter and sinister an etoile each ; second, argent, depicting a wolf salient, climbing a tree, vert (green), possibly oak. Above the escutcheon is a straight wreath, charged with a boar's head and below the escutcheon the name and location of the bookplate's owner. The entire escutcheon and accompanying text are surrounded by elaborate chippendale borders.
20. [Bookplate for Schuyler Merritt] This heraldic bookplate consists of an escutcheon, a barry of six, or (gold) and sable (black), with a bend, ermine (white powdered fur, black tufts). Above the escutcheon is a helmet in profile (denoting status of esquire and gentleman). Above the helmet is a curved wreath charged with a chained beast passant. Surrounding the escutcheon is a circular banner, with Latin motto within. The entire crest is situated in a rectangular frame filled with foliage-like mantling in the upper half and a row of books directly below the escutcheon. An open book, three open flowers, and a banner with "EX LIBRIS" are situated in the foreground in front of the volumes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Le Concerto pour piano  en la mineur, Op.85, est un concerto pour piano et orchestre de Johann Nepomuk Hummel. Composé à Vienne en 1816, il est publié cinq ans plus tard en 1821.
Contrairement à son premier concerto en sol majeur, inspiré du classicisme mozartien, ce concerto est écrit dans un style proto-romantique qui préfigure les développements musicaux futurs et a notamment influencé les compositeurs Frédéric Chopin et Felix Mendelssohn .  Il est composé des trois mouvements classiques du concerto : (rapide-lent-rapide) avec respectivement un allegro moderato, un larghetto et un rondo.

Orchestration

Structure
Ce concerto comporte trois mouvements qui suivent la forme classique.

 Allegro moderato, à , en la mineur, 472 mesures.
 Larghetto, à , en fa majeur, 49 mesures.
 Rondo : Allegretto, à , en la mineur, 476 mesures.

Durée de l'interprétation : environ .

Début de l'Allegro moderato :

Début du Larghetto :

Le troisième mouvement commence par un solo du soliste qui expose le refrain comme il est d'usage dans les formes classiques du rondo :

Notes

Références
 M.F. Humphries, Les concertos pour piano de Johann Nepomuk Hummel, mémoire de doctorat (Université de Northwestern, 1957)
 B.H. Kim, Johann Nepomuk Hummel et sa contribution au piano et à l'art du jeu (Université de Rochester, 1967)

Liens externes

Œuvre de Johann Nepomuk Hummel
Hummel 2
Œuvre en la mineur

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Paul Warburg's Crusade to Establish a Central Bank in the United States
Paul Warburg was an advocate for a central bank in the United States and was chosen by President Woodrow Wilson to serve as one of the first members of the Federal Reserve Board.
Michael A. Whitehouse
Whitehouse is staff assistant in the Office of the Secretary at the Board of Governors in Washington, D.C. He has written and lectured extensively on the early history of the Federal Reserve System and U.S. banking.
In paying tribute recently to Henry Wallich, late member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, Bankers Magazine noted that Wallich was a successor, in more than one respect, to Paul Warburg. Both of these board members were emigrants from Germany—and from the higher circles of German and European finance. Warburg, a member of the first Federal Reserve Board, like Wallich, was a staunch advocate of sound finance. Both, having witnessed the strengths and weaknesses of the European banking system during economic debacles as younger men, brought their experience to the United States committed to putting those lessons to use.
It's been said that Governor Wallich's speeches and essays represent one of the best financial histories of our time. The same can certainly be said of Warburg's writings, speeches and testimony for the period after the turn of the century. His life's work constitutes perhaps the best history of the development of central banking in the United States and mirrors its controversies, struggles and the final accomplishment.
It's seems fitting then, in this 75th anniversary year of the Federal Reserve System, to look at the life of Warburg, one of the System's architects and staunchest proponents.
Warburg's Early Banking Experience
Paul Warburg was born in Hamburg in 1868. The offspring of a prominent German banking family, he had been trained in banking in the European financial capitals. After attending the university, at age 18 he began his career in London where for two years he worked for a banking and discounting firm, followed by a short stint with a London stockbroker. After that he moved to France and gained additional experience at the Russian bank for foreign trade, which had an agency in Paris. He then traveled to India, China and Japan before returning to Hamburg to become a partner in M.M. Warburg & Co., the family banking firm.
Warburg's father had fully expected that Paul would take charge of his family's banking business along with his brothers Aby and Max, but in 1895 Warburg married an American citizen, Nina Loeb, an accomplished violinist, and began to live part of the year in New York. Six years later, at age 34, he left Germany, took up permanent residency in the United States, and accepted a position as a partner at his father-in-law's firm, Kuhn, Loeb and Co.—one of Wall Street's most important and respected banking houses. While adapting quickly to his new business, he still viewed the United States through the eyes of a European banker and was literally shocked at what he considered the primitive status of banking and financial affairs.
In the early 1900s, the nation was suffering from periodic liquidity crises. These crises or "panics" occurred because the banking system was fettered with a rigid amount of currency that could not meet unusual demands, and a system of reserves that pyramided up to New York. During these panics businessmen and farmers were unable to obtain credit to finance inventories and the production and transportation of crops. The crises spread across the country and converged upon Wall Street, resulting in plunges in the stock market, a large number of bank and business failures, and a further shortage of currency.
Such phenomena deeply affected Warburg, a small unassuming man whose most obvious physical characteristic was a large drooping mustache that gave him more the appearance of a tenor in a barbershop quartet than an important international banker.
While small in stature, however, he was hardly tame or timid in his professional assessment of conditions then prevailing in his new country. "The United States," he said, "is at about the same point that had been reached by Europe at the time of the Medicis." Witnessing first-hand a period of high interest rates — "where call money went up to 25 and 100 percent," he felt compelled to "write an article on the subject then and there for [his] own benefit."
Warburg thought it a bit presumptuous to attempt to educate a country to which he was so new a resident, so when advised by an associate to put the paper aside, he did so and attended to duties at his firm. However, when the same conditions arose in the beginning of 1907, he could hold his tongue no longer, and he began to circulate his writings for the benefit of others as well.
The Panic of 1907
Early in 1907, New York Times Annual Financial Review published Warburg's first official reform plan, entitled "A Plan for a Modified Central Bank," in which he outlined remedies that he thought might avert panics, like the great one that would occur later that year. Furthermore, he identified what he saw as the "evils" of the system in the United States — the "decentralization of reserves and the immobilization of [commercial] paper." To remedy this, he advocated the development of an American discount market and a European-style commercial paper. This system was based partly on a concept known as the "real bills" doctrine, which maintained that the money supply should vary with the short-term "legitimate" needs of business and commerce. By allowing banks to borrow only against short-term loans, the real bills doctrine, in theory, provided liquidity through the discounting (or selling) of loans and at the same time restricted the ability of a central bank to expand the supply of money. Warburg also proposed the creation of a "central reserve" or central bank that would hold the reserve funds of member banks so that collective funds could be made available to a bank in need of liquidity. Both the discounting and reserve concept, he contended, would help make money and credit more elastic and keep interest rates stable.
The Panic of 1907 hit full stride in October. The crash was of such severity that it immediately helped focus public awareness on the problems with the monetary and banking system. Although the issue of a central bank was unpopular because of its connotations of powerful central authority, Congress was now forced to act. The Aldrich-Vreeland Act, passed by Congress in May 1908, provided for the issuance of emergency currency and created a bipartisan National Monetary Commission to study central banking and other alternatives for monetary and banking reform. Warburg would serve this committee and, through his efforts for the commission, achieve an influence on subsequent proposals for reform.
Warburg Meets Sen. Aldrich
Sen. Nelson Aldrich of Rhode Island, chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, was appointed head of the National Monetary Commission. He divided the commission into two groups: one would study the US banking system and compile a report, and the other, headed by the senator himself, would travel to Europe and study the central banking systems in London, Paris and Berlin.
Aldrich was a known advocate of the extant bond-backed currency arrangement, which provided that bank notes could only be issued by national banks on the basis of the amount of US government bonds that were held to back them. However, the 67-year-old Aldrich, who was considered the most influential figure in Congress on financial matters, was committed to exploring new ideas for reform. In 1908, he announced that he would not seek office again and instead would devote his full attention to the currency and banking question.
Meanwhile, Warburg began to enlarge his circle of professional contacts and have his voice heard throughout the country. However, the German banker still didn't have the ear of the man who mattered most — Aldrich.
Aldrich first met Warburg by chance when the senator was preparing for the European trip and visited Kuhn, Loeb and Co. to gather preliminary material about the German banking system. Following that meeting, the German native began writing to Aldrich outlining his proposals, but Aldrich was cool to Warburg's plan and deferred his correspondence to A. Piatt Andrew, a Harvard professor whom Aldrich had appointed official secretary of the National Monetary Commission. As new ideas on banking reform began to crystallize for the senator, Andrew brought the work of Warburg to the senator's attention again and soon Andrew was corresponding with Warburg on behalf of the senator. Warburg was asked to write a study on the "discounting of commercial bills" for the National Monetary Commission, and became an unofficial advisor to the group. However, the banker and the senator still were at loggerheads on the question of what shape the central bank should take in the United States, and on the issue of discounting commercial paper.
In his monograph, "The Discount System in Europe," Warburg declared that the effective utilization of the discount policy was one of the most impressive victories for central banks in Europe during the Panic of 1907. The only structure that is safe, he concluded, is one that provides for effective concentration of cash reserves and their freest use in case of need, enabling banks, when necessary, to turn into cash a maximum of their assets with a minimum disturbance to general conditions. He noted further that a central bank is able to guard the cash reserve of the country and accommodate nonreserve banks by accepting prime security, like bank-accepted bills.
Warburg, in the meantime, continued his campaign on other fronts. He had followed his first New York Times article with a speech at Columbia University on "American and European Banking Methods and Banking Legislation Compared," and privately published a new, more complete proposal for a US banking system, entitled "A Modified Plan for a Central Bank."
In May 1908, the New York Times gave his revised plan prominent coverage. Primarily, Warburg continued to emphasize that the United States must finally develop some sort of central bank system, giving the country an elastic currency based on modern commercial bills payable in gold: a system similar in principle, if not exactly alike in form, to those of the important European central banks. He believed that "no measure that bases currency on a long term basis like the Aldrich-Vreeland Emergency Currency bill, (which allowed banks in regional currency associations to use their aggregate bank balances as the basis for the issuance of currency) can be acceptable." Also, he stressed that issuing notes "must be centralized into a few organs, or if feasible, into one organ to ensure effective expansion and contraction of reserves." The tireless reformer further stated that no central bank could be effective that "vests the powers of a central bank in political officers alone. That power clearly defined, ought to be vested in political officers and businessmen combined, in a way that would render impossible any political or financial abuse." Any hasty decisions on the composition of the directors of a central bank, he said, could stand in the way of the creation of such an organization. Better that those practical and political questions could be worked out after careful consideration.
Warburg's Contribution
The idea of an "elastic currency," which would expand to meet the legitimate needs of business and commerce, was not new. In fact, Warburg himself claimed no originality for the idea, but through his writings, speeches and counsel to others he began to have a greater impact than anyone else. Warburg did, however, succeed in injecting two new ideas into the discussion: first, shifting of emphasis from the currency problem to the reserve problem; and second, advocacy of the principle of rediscounting a new kind of commercial paper.
These ideas were starting to be discussed more seriously throughout the country, and other individuals involved in the banking and currency reform movement began to take note. With both the building momentum of other banking reform advocacy groups and Aldrich's own exposure to the efficient and effective central banking system in Europe, the senator finally opened to these other ideas.
The debate on central banking reform was still in full swing several years after the 1907 Panic. Indeed, it began to heat up, with the American Bankers Association standing opposed to "any form of central bank yet suggested by legislators." Meanwhile, Warburg, Aldrich and several other prominent figures intensified their efforts and began to form an alliance that was to last over the coming crucial years of the banking reform movement.
Aldrich Reconsiders His Position
The European interviews of the National Monetary Commission had a profound influence upon Aldrich. He had a clear plan for reform when he returned from Europe, radically different from his original beliefs. The change in the senator's thinking was so drastic that Aldrich's biographer explained it as an epiphany, saying, "Aldrich was converted on the road to Damascus."
When Aldrich and the National Monetary Commission returned from Europe in the fall of 1908, Aldrich asked Warburg to present his own ideas and answer questions regarding the European interviews at a meeting at New York's Metropolitan Club.
After Warburg's Metropolitan Club testimony, Aldrich pulled the banker aside and told him that he liked his plan for reform but he was being too timid about it. Warburg was surprised to learn that Aldrich, who before his European travels had not favored centralization and had advocated a national currency backed by government bonds, had changed his thinking and envisioned a European-type central bank for the United States. While Warburg now warned the senator against attempts to establish a full-scale central bank in the European sense—believing it politically unrealistic— he was nonetheless encouraged.
A particular key feature of the European systems persuaded the senator to reconsider his thinking. According to commission member Sen. Theodore Burton, the concept of currency backed by commercial assets began to take hold in Aldrich's mind in London, and the interviews in Berlin finally convinced him. Commission Assistant George Reynolds concurred, noting that "the experience and practice of German bankers in meeting the needs of commerce in their country demonstrated to Aldrich the validity of the use of commercial assets as a basis for currency. The idea, formerly so obscure, came home to him in great force from its demonstration in a non-political, practical atmosphere."
While Aldrich's conversion was a welcome one to Warburg and other progressive reformers, the very concept of a European-style central bank was still an anathema to a great many bankers and politicians. Bankers wanted reform that would make the banking system more efficient and better coordinated but were fearful of government interference in the management of a central bank. While Reynolds, as president of the American Bankers Association, had traveled to Europe and had become an intimate of Aldrich, his association was not supportive of reform. Moreover, many politicians believed that the geographic size of the United States and its diverse business conditions warranted a different banking system than those existing in Europe. Complicating the matter further was the fact that any plan to which Aldrich attached himself was sure to be attacked by Democrats and others who believed the senator had only the interest of eastern businessmen and bankers in mind. Aldrich had close ties with J. P. Morgan and other important bankers, and his eldest daughter's marriage to John D. Rockefeller Jr. did not help to dispel this suspicion.
The Jekyll Island Expedition
One evening in early November 1910, Warburg and a small party of men from New York quietly boarded Sen. Aldrich's private railway car, ostensibly for a trip south to an exclusive hunting club on an island off the coast of Georgia.
In addition to Warburg and Aldrich, the others, all highly regarded in the New York banking community, were: Frank Vanderlip, president of National City Bank; Harry P. Davison, a J.P. Morgan partner; Benjamin Strong, vice president of Banker's Trust Co.; and A. Piatt Andrew, former secretary of the National Monetary Commission and now assistant secretary of the Treasury. The real purpose of this historic "duck hunt" was to formulate a plan for US banking and currency reform that Aldrich could present to Congress.
Even Warburg at first questioned the motives of this gathering, not knowing if he was included because the group knew what he preached and was interested in what he had to offer, or if he was to be involved as a conspirator in order to be muzzled. He soon saw that the Jekyll Island conference was pulled together because, as Warburg later wrote, Aldrich was "bewildered at all that he had absorbed abroad and he was faced with the difficult task of writing a highly technical bill while being harassed by the daily grind of his parliamentary duties."
The group was secluded on Jekyll Island for about 10 days. All the participants came to the conference with strong views on the subject and did not agree on the exact shape a US central bank should take. Vanderlip noted: "Of course we knew that what we simply had to have was a more elastic currency through a bank that would hold the reserves of all banks." But there were many other questions that needed to be answered. If it was to be a central bank, how was it to be owned: by the banks, by the government, or jointly? Should there be a number of institutions or only one? Should the rate of interest be the same for the whole nation, or would it be higher in a community that was expanding too fast and lower in another that was lagging? In what open market operations should the bank be engaged?
Warburg realized that he had not been able to persuade the senator that if a central banking organization was to be created, it had to be a modified scheme based on the European models. In fact, Warburg, "the best equipped man there in the academic sense," according to Vanderlip, "was so intense ... and apparently felt a little antagonism towards Aldrich," so that there were some moments of strain that had to be eased by the others. Aldrich had his mind set on a European-style central bank, "a model he seemed loath to abandon," according to Warburg, and the senator strongly believed that the proposed central bank should be kept out of politics. Warburg and the others felt that whatever the theoretical justification for such a central bank, American conditions would require some sort of compromise and that concessions should be made considering government influence and representation. Aldrich, yielding somewhat, allowed that the government should be represented on the board of directors and have full knowledge of the bank's affairs, but a majority of the directors were to be chosen, directly or indirectly, by the members of the association.
Warburg also didn't agree with Aldrich's position on note issuance, conditions of membership of state banks and trust companies, or on the need for a uniform discount rate. Aldrich insisted, however, that a central bank should maintain a uniform rate of discount throughout the United States. He thought such a measure politically wise because it would refute the charges that other "great financial centres" would attempt to establish favorable rates for themselves in different regions to the disadvantage of other localities in the country.
Eventually all of the individuals at the Jekyll Island conference had to modify their views on a central bank plan. Nonetheless, Aldrich got out of the conference just what he intended—a banking scheme that rested upon a consensus of opinion representing the best-informed bankers of this country.
The banking bill the group brought north, which came to be known as the "Aldrich Plan," called for the establishment of a central bank in Washington, to be named the "National Reserve Association," meaning a central reserve organization with an elastic note issue based on gold and commercial paper. The association was to have 15 branches at geographically strategic locations throughout the country. The bank was to serve as fiscal agent for the US government and, by mobilizing the reserves of its member banks, become a lender of last resort to the American banking system. The association as a whole was to serve as a bank of rediscount, that is, it was empowered to discount a second time commercial paper that members of the association had already discounted. By rediscounting, the association could issue new money that might stay in circulation so long as the paper for which it was issued was not redeemed.
No one person was responsible for the final draft bill that was written. It was a record of their composite views. Yet Vanderlip regarded Warburg as having made significant and important contributions to the final result: "As a philosophical student of banking he was first among us at that time." Warburg was satisfied that the Aldrich Plan was not a central bank in the European sense. "It was strictly a bankers' bank with branches under the control of separate directorates having supervision over the rediscount operations with member banks," he said.
Warburg viewed the result of the Jekyll Island meeting as pivotal: "The period during which nonpolitical thought held the leadership in the banking reform movement may be considered as having ended with this conference." Up until then, bank reform had been an educational campaign carried on by individuals and groups; but at that point, the movement assumed a national character. Warburg saw Senator Aldrich as being the standard-bearer of a political proposal for a central bank. Said Warburg: "From then on until the final passage of the Federal Reserve Act, the generalship was in the hands of political leaders, while the role of banking reformers was to aid the movement by educational campaigns and, at the same time, to do their utmost to prevent fundamental parts of the nonpolitical plan from being disfigured by concessions born of political expediency." Aldrich presented his draft plan to the public in January 1911. One year later, on Jan. 19, 1912, the National Monetary Commission presented its report and endorsed the Aldrich Plan.
The Final Campaign
Warburg playfully described himself as a "fanatic" for what he considered sound finance. He was also pragmatic and sensitive to political realities, however. Thus he tempered his approach to a central bank in the United States, and his campaign over the next several years reflected that position. When he saw the roadblocks that lay ahead with Aldrich attempting to sell his plan to a greater part of the country, Warburg began a formal educational campaign to assist. Warburg believed that "beyond doubt, unless public opinion all over the United States could be educated and mobilized, any sound banking reform plan was doomed to fail."
The National Board of Trade appointed Warburg the head of a seven-man committee to set up a national group to promote reform. The group was called The National Citizens League For the Promotion of Sound Banking. It accomplished much of what it set out to do: establishing effective organizations in 45 states, printing a vast amount of educational materials for the businessman and layman alike, and publishing essays in pamphlets and articles in newspapers. Warburg also continued to publish in important journals and lecture before influential groups, doing all he could to help promote sound banking principles and convince larger audiences of the urgency for reform.
The Final Plan — The Federal Reserve Act
Before the Aldrich Plan could be enacted into law, the Democrats won the White House and took control of the Congress in 1912. The Democratic position called for a divisional reserve bank system, with a number of reserve banks or central banking cities. Nevertheless, President Woodrow Wilson believed that the Aldrich Plan was "60-70 percent correct." As a result, the plan became the basis for constructing the Federal Reserve bill, which began to take shape in Congress with the presentation of a bill proposed by Sen. Robert Latham Owen in May 1913.
When the Aldrich bill was rejected and the Democrats began to rework the banking bill, the group of bankers that had worked so hard in support of the Aldrich Plan began to split apart, and many of those bankers refused to consider an alternative plan. Warburg was more conciliatory and remained in contact with prominent Democrats, including Carter Glass, chairman of the House banking committee, and H. Parker Willis, the committee expert, and continued to write and speak on the new legislation. Warburg's reserve and discounting concepts were embraced in the Federal Reserve plan, though the central bank gradually abandoned the emphasis on discounting in favor of open market operations as the major monetary policy tool. Nonetheless, his efforts in educating the country, bringing sound banking techniques to the forefront of debate, were of tremendous importance in final preparation and passage of the Federal Reserve Act.
Warburg's career didn't end with passage of the Federal Reserve Act. In a sense, the close of this chapter marked the beginning of his next important role as a central banker. He was to wield a tremendous influence on the development of the System he worked so hard to help establish. In spite of vehement opposition from many Democrats and populists, President Wilson asked Warburg to become a member of the first Federal Reserve Board.
It appears President Wilson made a wise decision. Once Warburg was appointed to the board, Secretary of the Treasury William McAdoo, who often clashed with Warburg over policy matters, explained Warburg's appointment this way: "It was thought that his technical knowledge in international finance would be useful. It was useful, in some respects it was invaluable." Benjamin Strong, governor of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, went even further in his estimation of Warburg. Although Warburg was appointed as a member of the board (not as the chairman or vice chairman), Strong called Warburg "the real head of the board in Washington, so far as knowledge and ability goes."
But the fact that he was at all chosen to serve on the board seems to have been as much a surprise to the European-born banker as to those who took issue with his nomination. Indeed, he first declined the appointment because of the "rampant prejudice in this country against a Wall Street man," and balked at testifying before the Senate banking committee because other nominees had not been asked to do so. However, when World War I erupted in Europe, Warburg decided to waive all personal considerations "in deference to the president's urgent request and in view of the present urgency which render desirable the promptest organization of the Federal Reserve Board," and appeared before a largely antagonistic committee.
With Warburg before them, rather than take advantage of his vast knowledge in central banking to learn how the country would adapt to this new system, the senators chose instead to question the banker on Kuhn, Loeb and Co.'s "money trust" connections. Thus, one of the best opportunities for history to record Warburg's extemporaneous impressions on the final Glass-Owen Federal Reserve bill was lost. But when Warburg was questioned as to his motives for making the sacrifice — financial and otherwise — to become a member of the Federal Reserve Board, the nominee's answer was characteristically to the point:
"When President Wilson asked me [again] whether I would take this [on] and make the sacrifice ... I felt that I had no right to decline it; and I will be glad to make the sacrifice, because I think there is a wonderful opportunity for bringing a great piece of constructive work into successful operation, and it appeals to me to do that."
What drives the cost of high-quality early care and education?


text:
Lawrence M Small
Former Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, a position he held from January 2000 until March 2007. The Smithsonian Institution is the world's largest museum and research complex, with 19 museums and galleries, the National Zoo, and several research facilities around the world. Mr. Small previously had been President and Chief Operating Officer of Fannie Mae, a shareholder-owned, New York Stock Exchange listed company and the nation's largest source of financing for home mortgages, from 1991 to 2000. Mr. Small also serves on the boards of Marriott International, Inc. and New York City's Spanish Repertory Theatre.
The Chubb Corporation Global provider of insurance products covering property and casualty, accident and health, reinsurance, and life insurance
• Independent Director (?→'15)
Marriott International, Inc. an American multinational diversified hospitality company that manages and franchises a broad portfolio of hotels and related lodging facilities.
• Board Member (past)
• Secretary (past)
Marriott International Inc. Political Action Committee
• 3 contributions · 7,500 USD ('11→'12)
Americans for a Republican Majority Political Action Committee
• 2 contributions · 2,000 USD ('99)
Lauch Faircloth US Senator from North Carolina
Bill McCollum US Representative from Florida
New Republican Majority Fund Affiliate: ex-Sen. Trent Lott (R-Miss)
Al D'Amato US Senator from New York; Park Strategies
Daniel Patrick Moynihan US Senator from New York
John Kerry 68th US Secretary of State, Senator from Massachusetts
Pete Domenici V
Birthday Sep 14 '41
Aliases Mr Lawrence M. Small


Meeske et al identfied risk factors for fatigue in patients who are long-term survivors of childhood leukemia. These can help identify a group of patients who may benefit from interventions to improve their quality of life. The authors are from the University of Southern California and Childrens Hospital in Los Angeles.


text:
'Tool of repression': Iran and regimes from Ethiopia to Venezuela limit Internet, go dark online
Kim Hjelmgaard
Nearly a week after Iran imposed a near-total Internet and mobile data blackout amid protests over a rise in gas prices, its connectivity to the rest of the world remains limited and reflects what researchers and activists claim, disputed by Iran, is a "tool of repression" used by regimes from Ethiopia to Venezuela.
But the shutdown in Iran, which began Nov. 17 and remains below 20% of normal levels, according to NetBlocks, a firm that tracks cybersecurity, has not only allowed officials in Tehran to exert control over information about the unrest.
It has also cut off Iranians from their friends and family abroad, seemingly strengthened the Trump administration's perception that its "maximum pressure" policy on Iran is working after Washington exited the nuclear deal with Iran and reimposed sanctions, and further obscured what's happening and who's to blame in a Middle Eastern nation whose political and economic isolation has fluctuated in the four decades since its 1979 revolution that ushered in its Islamic Republic.
Inside Iran:America's history in Iran leads to mix of anger, weariness
Marcin de Kaminski, a technology and human rights expert at Civil Rights Defenders, a Sweden-based civil rights watchdog, said that Internet blackouts are part of a growing trend of governments trying to shut their citizens off from the world during fraught periods. "They use it to limit freedom of expression or freedom of assembly and quite often it's connected to elections or conflict or to different forms of civil unrest. This is happening in many different contexts from Uganda to Burma (also known as Myanmar)," he said.
Ethiopia has been intermittently shutting down Internet access since a failed coup in June. Venezuela periodically blocks access to Twitter, YouTube, Facebook and other services that require Internet or mobile data access as part of an effort to stymie political opposition and prevent the efficacy of mass protests. India shut off Kashmir's Internet access more than three months ago amid political upheaval.
Different causes and aims: Mass protests from Iran to Hong Kong accelerate
The protests in Iran accelerated after gas prices were increased by 50% at a time when the sanctions reinstated by President Donald Trump have contributed to soaring inflation and stagnating salaries. The World Bank forecasts Iran's economy will shrink by 8.7% this year, a consequence of plummeting revenues from blocked oil exports and restrictions on its petrochemicals, metals and mining sectors. Some consumer goods and essential medicines can be hard to get.
"When I was in Iran in March there were people standing in lines to buy government rations and subsidized meat," said Hoda Katebi, a Chicago-based Iranian American writer and community organizer who has published a book about Iran's underground fashion industry.
"Nothing's coming in. The currency is worthless," she said.
Iran's currency has lost more than half of its value against the dollar since the Trump administration reimposed sanctions.
Katebi spoke to USA TODAY on the sidelines of VOICES, an annual gathering for fashion industry leaders and trailblazers that takes place near Oxford, England.
At the event, Katebi appeared on a panel with Shirin and Shiva Vaqar – Iranian sisters who had traveled from Tehran to talk about their eponymous fashion label.
"It's very hard for us, not just as emerging designers but as Iranians," said Shiva Vaqar. "We face lots of sanctions and restrictions. Sourcing fabrics, finding production houses, convincing them to make our pieces . ... We have problems sending our products outside Iran. (We don't have) FedEx, (the) banking (system) is on lockdown." Still, she said, "We try to make it."
Katebi and the Vaqar sisters, who are longtime friends, had not been able to communicate with each other ahead of the event because of Iran's Internet crackdown. Katebi said she has not been able to reach her family in Iran.
Iran student leader:I regret 1979 attack on U.S. Embassy in Tehran
Amir Rashidi, an Internet security specialist, said Iran has previously weighed the idea of creating different levels of access to the Internet. He pointed to a Nov. 1 interview with Hamid Fatahi, a senior official in Iran's ministry of information and communications technology, in which Fatahi discusses the possibility of partitioning access based on "social class" or "occupational needs."
It was not immediately clear if Iran is still considering such an initiative, which could be used to suppress dissenting voices. China and Russia have either taken steps or are experimenting with ways to route Internet traffic through state-controlled channels. Iran's domestic banks, hospitals, government agencies and other major state infrastructure and services such as the police have remained connected to the Internet during the blackout, according to digital security experts and Iranians contacted by USA TODAY over the course of the last week.
Demonstrators in Iran set fire to banks and police stations and ransacked public office buildings and blocked roads, according to rights groups. Amnesty International has said that at least 100 Iranians have been killed in the protests as security services have sought to disperse crowds by firing live ammunition.
Some Iranians have found workarounds for limited Internet access. Photos and video footage that have trickled out of Iran have appeared to corroborate the claims of violence, but Iran has dismissed Amnesty's death figures as propaganda.
"Amnesty's report is based on anti-Iranian sources and those sources are not reliable," Mohammad Farahani, the editor-in-chief of the Mizan News Agency, an official news site that covers Iran's judiciary, told USA TODAY in a direct message via social media. "People (in Iran) have the right to protest just like anywhere else but those who burn banks and stores are not protesters (they are rioters)."
Iranian authorities have sought to blame the unrest on agitators with ties to foreign governments. Iran's semi-official Fars New Agency reported that "thugs arrested during the recent riots confessed they received $60 for each place set on fire." The Fars report did not say who may have been behind the payments.
But Sina Toossi, a researcher at the National Iranian American Council, a Washington-D.C.-based group that seeks to promote links between Americans and Iranians, said the "the Iranian government does not tolerate peaceful assembly for ordinary people to air their grievances ... If the Iran is sincere about making a distinction between protests and rioters, it should at the minimum facilitate this first step in allowing people to air their grievances publicly."
Toossi said his WhatsApp groups with family and friends in Iran that were always a "feed of pictures and messages" have, since Nov. 17, "fallen ominously silent."
An Iranian diplomat in Europe who insisted on anonymity because he was not authorized to speak publicly about the issue said the Internet was disconnected to ensure Iranians weren't "misinformed and bombarded with fake news."
Whither the nuke deal?:Iran starts injecting uranium gas into centrifuges
Included in this "fake news," according to Iranian officials but also many Iranians who would like closer relations with the West and don't necessarily sympathize with their government or its heavy-handed tactics, but who nevertheless object to interventions by officials in the Trump administration, is an effort to frame every protest in Iran as a sign the regime is about to be toppled in a popular uprising.
"There's just so much more to it," said Masoud Golsorkhi, a London-based Iranian-born magazine editor who was at the VOICES event in Oxford this week.
Still, late Thursday Trump himself tweeted that "Iran has become so unstable that the regime has shut down their entire Internet System," adding "They want ZERO transparency, thinking the world will not find out the death and tragedy that the Iranian Regime is causing!" That same day the U.S.'s top diplomat, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, said he "asked the Iranian protestors to send us their videos, photos and information documenting the regime's crackdown on protestors. The U.S. will expose and sanction the abuses." And on Friday, the U.S. imposed sanctions on Iran's information minister, Mohammad Javad Azari-Jahromi, for his role in "wide-scale Internet censorship."
Yet Toossi cautioned that "U.S. officials shouldn't conflate Iranians' expression of their legitimate grievances and anger with their own government as a welcoming of new U.S. interference in Iran's internal affairs," the high-water mark of which was a 1953 CIA-orchestrated coup that unseated Iran's democratically elected prime minister. "U.S. intervention in Iran's domestic affairs has a long, ugly history and has only made matters worse for the Iranian people and regional stability."


MALTA BEND is located in SALINE county, Missouri at latitude 39.194254 and longitude -93.362065. The population of MALTA BEND is 243 as of the year 2005 with a population growth of -2.41% from the year 2000 through 2005. The most common zip code of MALTA BEND is 65339.


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Stretching is something that humans and many other animals do instinctively and often times unconsciously; this is nowhere more evident for me then watching my daughter. Whether she is playing on the floor or sitting in her high chair having a snack; she will strike and hold poses that can only be described as baby yoga. It is very beautiful to watch her and also a reminder that stretching is something we all do naturally, to loosen up our bodies. Though when we stretch with purpose and diligence the health benefits can be tremendous.
Nowadays stretching has become synonymous with fitness and exercise; I remember when I was in the United States Navy it was mandatory for us to stretch before and after our group's physical training. To this day, stretching is my preferred way to shift my body from inactivity to activity. I also will stretch on my "off days" to recover from workout routines. That being said, I believe that consciously stretching should be incorporated throughout all your daily actions, regardless if you are physically training or not.
In my opinion the human body was built to move; so when we are forced to be in any one position too long, be it standing or sedentary, we can damage our bodies. The reality remains however that many of us need to stand at a cash register or sit at a desk throughout the day; and then it is nice to curl up on the couch with a good book or movie after work. To counteract damages incurred in our daily activities we need to take movement breaks; these are times when we shift the position our body has been in for a while. The simplest way to do this is by performing a few stretches for a couple of minutes multiple times a day.
I challenge you to give movement breaks a try! Comment below and ask me any questions you might have and please do share your experience stretching with us.
Thank you so much for reading and cheers to your health!


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A directory of chiropractic clinics categorized by city. Provides basic contact information.
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Wearable sensors offer the ability to monitor the rehabilitation of patients outside of the clinic. For patients with cancer of the head and neck who have undergone radiation therapy, diminished swallowing activity and treatment effects can result in disuse atrophy and fibrosis of the swallowing muscles in up to 39% of these patients. This condition causes dysphagia and reduced swallowing functionality. There is a need for earlier detection of radiation-associated dysphagia such that subtle changes in swallowing muscle function can be detected well before irreversible damage has occurred. This presentation describes a highly sensitive, flexible strain sensor comprising palladium nanoislands on single-layer graphene. These sensors were placed on the submental region of the neck in a cohort of 14 cancer-free head and neck cancer patients status post radiation therapy with different levels of swallowing function: from non-dysphagic to severely dysphagic. The patch-like devices successfully detect differences in the consistencies of food boluses when swallowed (i.e. water, yogurt, or cracker), along with differences between dysphagic and non-dysphagic swallows. When electrical activity from surface electromyography (sEMG) is obtained simultaneously with the strain data, it is also possible to differentiate swallowing vs. non-swallowing events (i.e. head turns or coughing). The major features in the plots of resistance (strain sensors) and electrical activity (sEMG) vs. time are correlated to specific events during the course of swallowing a barium paste as recorded by video X-ray fluoroscopy (the current standard of care). Finally, we developed a machine learning algorithm to automate the identification of bolus type being swallowed by a healthy subject (Male, 24 years old) with an accuracy of 86.4%. Moreover, the algorithm was also able to discriminate between swallows of the same bolus from either the healthy subject or a dysphagic patient with an accuracy of 94.7%. Taken together, these results may lead to non-invasive and home-based systems for monitoring of swallowing function and improved quality of life.


How Do I Wear a Fanny Pack (aka Belt Bag)?
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This whole 80's resurgence can be tough to swallow. If you remember Regan, you also remember fanny packs. And, more importantly, you remember your horrified expression viewing photos of fanny packs out in the world on tourists and the like. Fanny packs became decidedly uncool.
As your very own personal stylist, I'm here to tell you when times change, when trends emerge and which of those trends YOU can rock with confidence.
On that note, I'm here to reintroduce you to the fanny pack.
Fanny Packs 101: How and Why You Wear a Fanny Pack, also Known as a Belt Bag.
1. Because there is no feeling like being hands free.
Could we have any more items to carry? I often joke that becoming a parent means we transform into sherpas. If you commute by bus or train, you're carrying things. If you travel from meeting to meeting without heading back to your desk, you are carrying things. If you bike to work, like to travel or wonder how to head to a concert without carrying your handbag, fanny packs might just be your new best friends.
2. Because you know how to do it right.
Okay, so we've established that fanny packs are actually super functional. And, Seattle-ites LOVE functional clothing and accessories. But, how exactly do you wear one without looking beyond your years?
Think of your fanny pack as a crossbody bag. Wear it across your chest or on your back like a messenger bag. Really, we're observing the evolution of the messenger bag, here. But, we can all pretend that this just happened overnight.
3. And you like variety.
Sometimes you like a little variation with your looks. Who doesn't? Try wearing your fanny pack over your shoulder. Think traditional purse. It's a sporty alternative to your handbag and is a kindness to yourself and your chiropractor that will be much appreciated over time.
4. Because you are choosing the RIGHT one.
All fanny packs are not created equal. The same discerning eye you use to select your handbag should be employed when buying a fanny pack. Think about your personal style. Are you sophisticated? Clean lines and leather are right for you. Are you bold? A fun color or print could be your jam. Feeling edgy? Go for a bag with zippers or hardware. The key is to keep this look elevated. Just as athleisure doesn't mean wearing sloppy sweats everyday, fanny packs to not translate into a frumpy, careless approach. You are still cool. Know it. Own it. Now, just be extra cool hands free.
5. Because you like the unconventional approach.
If you like things a little weirder, there's a wave of "belt bags" coming through just for you. These are just right for the more adventurous among us. If you can OWN this, it can be fabulous. If you aren't there just yet, enjoy the scenery and start with a more conventional approach and when/if the time is right, amp things up.
Off you go! Like what you are reading? Make sure you are signed up for the Poplin newsletter. Curious what Poplin clients think of this service? Check out the FAQs. Every question is addressed by a client.
P.S. If you missed the fine print- Neiman Marcus Last Call is having a CRAZY sale right now with the friends and family event. Last Call is like the Rack for Neiman's. Cardholders take an additional 40% off items with code: FRIEND40. Everyone else saves an additional 30% off until March 8th. Happy shopping!
UPDATE: If you like this post but noticed that the items are all sold out, not to worry. We've got some new suggestions here. Enjoy and thanks for being a part of the Poplin Style community.


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Q: Only use already existing files(python) Ok so I have a the name of a file as an raw input. But I the code to only use an already existing file and not and not be able to type in everything and just create new files.
So how can I make the program only use an already existing file and NOT create a new one if the input is wrong?
lista = {"police":"911"}
functiontext = raw_input("call function ")
arguments = raw_input("input file name ")

def save(lista,arguments):
     filen = arguments
     spara = lista
     fil = open(filen + ".txt","w")

for keys, values in spara.items():

        spara_content = keys + ": " + values + "\n"

        fil.write(spara_content)
        fil.close()

A: Consider using os.path.exists() or os.path.isfile() to test if the file is there. For example:
def save(lista,arguments):
    filen = arguments
    spara = lista
    fname = filen + ".txt"
    if os.path.isfile(fname):
        fil = open(filen + ".txt","w")
    else:
        print("The file {} does not exist, skipping".format(fname))

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


What time is it? Tech roundup time! Here are the latest updates, tech tips, and transition guides, just for you.
It's time to once again highlight some of the best tech tips from our YouTube channel and share recent tech news you may have missed.
This month our engineering team has wrapped up a few very important service pack updates. The second Service Pack for the Vectorworks 2012 product line contains a number of fixes, especially in exporting files to DXF/DWG, PDF, and older versions of Vectorworks software. In addition, this Service Pack addresses different issues in the areas of symbols, columns, and wall joins.


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The Time of your Life | WeStream.tv Internet TV Networks
The Time of Your Life is a 1948 film starring James Cagney adapted from the 1939 William Saroyan play of the same title. A Cagney Production, The Time of Your Life was produced by Cagneys brother William, adapted by Nathaniel Curtis, and directed by H....
james, cagney, time, of, your, life
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The Time of your Life
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Shot mostly on one set, the film follows the adventures of a group of regulars at Nick's 'Pacific Street Saloon, Restaurant and Entertainment Palace' in San Francisco. A sign outside tells people to come in as they are.
At the center is the wealthy Joe (James Cagney), who has given up working to hold court at William Bendix's bar. He desires to live "a civilized life" without hurting anyone and believes the real truth in people is found in their dreams of themselves, not the hard facts of their actual existence.[2] Joe has a stooge named Tom (Wayne Morris), who runs his eccentric errands until a woman with a past named Kitty (Jeanne Cagney) comes in steals Tom's heart. Also appearing are Broderick Crawford as Krupp, Ward Bond as McCarthy, Tom Powers as Blick, and James Barton as Kit Carson.
The Cagneys admired the play and acquired its film rights on the condition that theirs not be in release longer than seven years. They gave their director and cinematographer two weeks for blocking, but changed their minds once filming began, spending freely and breaking their budget.[3]
The film was shot using Saroyan's original ending where Kit shot and killed Blick offstage, whom the Production Code Administration had forced the producers to change from a police detective into an informer and blackmailer.[4] The audience heard the shots and saw Kit walk in relating the event as one of his stories "I shot a man once. In San Francisco. Shot him two times...Fellow named Blick or Glick or something. Couldn't stand the way he talked to ladies".
Preview audiences reacted unfavourably.[5] Cagney asked Saroyan to write a more acceptable ending but Saroyan priced his work out of Cagney's reach.[6]A new action-packed climax was substituted with Cagney beating the daylights out of Blick and Nick throwing him out onto the street.
The film was a miserable failure at the box office. A Playhouse 90 television version ten years later starring Jackie Gleason as Joe earned critical acclaim, with Jack Klugman as Nick, Dick York as Tom, Betsy Palmer as Kitty, and James Barton reprising his role as Kit Carson.
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Tags: james | cagney | time | of | your | life |
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Video's comments: The Time of your Life


Are you looking for apartments in Radnor Township? metropolitan triangle apartments offers spacious one- and two-bedroom floor plans situated in the heart of the much sought-after Main Line in Radnor Township. Living on the Main Line means that you're a part of the greater Philadelphia's rich history and have access to a variety of world-class dining, shopping, and entertainment opportunities. Our Wayne apartments put you at the center of the borough's main thoroughfare and close to public transit so getting anywhere you want to go is simple.
Radnor Township, founded in 1682, is home to several universities and an award-winning school district. Conveniently located near major highways and a SEPTA line, the township is perfect for commuters seeking an easy route to Center City. In addition, the area offers a host of dining, shopping, and cultural opportunities some of which are located just steps from our apartments in Radnor Township. Popular Wayne eateries like Teresa's Café and White Dog Café are minutes from your door, while expansive opportunities for shopping and dining in Philadelphia and beyond are a quick commute away.
When you're done exploring Radnor Township, you'll love returning home to the beautiful hardwood floors and modern amenities at metropolitan triangle apartments. Our apartments in Radnor Township are perfect for a busy lifestyle yet provide convenient off-street parking and gorgeous views of Wayne Park. Our location is the jewel of our property. Just steps from your front door you can enjoy cuisine from all over the world, boutique shopping, and indulgent salon and spa services. Living in Radnor Township means you have access to everything you need to live your best life!
If you'd like to learn more about our apartments in Radnor Township, or to schedule a tour of metropolitan triangle apartments, contact us today! We can't wait to welcome you home.


text:
Latin American Studies (research) (MA)
Study & studying
Welcome to Leiden University
Exchange and study abroad students
Online education and assessments
Books and readers
Course and exam enrolment
Elective credits
Gaining research experience
Internship or research project
Thesis and paper writing
Exemptions and petitions
Board of Examiners
Collaboration with other universities
Emergencies and incidents
Binding study advice
Academic delay
Study choice & careers advice
Printing and copying
Arranging graduation
Updating contact details
De-registration or re-registration
Awarding of diploma
Statements & proof of graduation
Staying involved after your studies
Extra challenge
Active co-participation
Double study programme
Lectures and activities
Hearing disability
Speech disability
Visual disability
Guidance & advisers
'Disability'? Share your perspective
Top-level sport
Studying and top-level sport
Studying and board membership
Personal circumstances
Refugee students
Pregnancy and parenthood
Caring responsibilities
Binding study advice (BSA)
Guidance & advice
Study guidance and advisers
Study advisers
Front Office Student Affairs
Education administration offices
Mentors and tutors
Confidential counsellors
Student psychologist
Study choice advisers
Internship coordinators
Student counsellors
International Exchange Coordinators
Other guidance
Concerning or threatening behaviour adviser
Study skills & managing your studies
Careers & job applications
Disagreeing with a decision
Unacceptable behaviour
Improper treatment
Other types of complaints
To arrange before departure
To arrange upon your return
Studying abroad independently
Entire masters programme
Internships, research, fieldwork, summer schools and more
Honours education
Vision on teaching and learning
Administrative matters
Registration & de-registration
(Re)registering as a student
De-registering as a student
De-registering - other forms of study
Financial consequences of de-registration
Temporarily discontinuing your studies
Tuition fee amounts
Student finance & student travel pass
Money matters during your studies
International scholarship
Financial support for student board members
Regulations on financial support for students
Entrepreneurial grants
Other administrative matters
Your information in our administrative system
Communicating changes in personal information
Student card and other cards
LU card
Student or registration card
Residence permit matters
Obligations for residence permit holders
Interrupting your stay
Regulations on working/internships
Expired, lost or stolen permit
Effects of Brexit
Finding a room
Problems, complaints and disputes
Housing for international students
Resident Assistants
Study related
Study associations
Alongside your studies
Religious associations
Facilities for associations
Theatres and museums
Health, family and religion
Religious facilities & organisations
Internship, career & work
Finding and arranging
Internship vacancies
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Most Bachelor's programmes at Leiden University have a major-minor structure, with 15 to 30 study credits (EC) reserved for elective credits. One way to earn elective credits is by doing a minor. You can register for a minor via eduXchange.
New registration method for minors
From 2023 onwards, you will no longer register for minors via uSis. Instead, you will use eduXchange. In March 2023 you will find a film on this page demonstrating how to use eduXchange.
What is a minor?
A minor is a cohesive, carefully-compiled set of courses with introductory courses followed by more in-depth study, thus allowing students who are less familiar with the topic to follow the minor.
A minor allows you to explore subjects beyond the boundaries of your own study programme. It can offer new knowledge, insight and skills, perhaps from a completely different field of study. You can also use your minor as a way of preparing for a future Master's programme.
The best time to do a minor is in the third year of your Bachelor's programme.
Minors in Leiden
Leiden University offers around 50 minors:
• Leiden University minors
Minors at TU Delft and Erasmus University Rotterdam
Leiden University, Delft University of Technology and Erasmus University Rotterdam collaborate closely on a range of educational matters, thus making it easy to follow a minor at TU Delft or the Erasmus University. During the application period for Leiden students, in April and May, TU Delft and the Erasmus University reserve a third of their minor places for Leiden University students. Just like studying abroad and internships, following a minor elsewhere can enrich your studies, your student life and your CV.
Minors at Delft University of Technology
Minors at Erasmus University Rotterdam
Multidisciplinary minors Leiden-Delft-Erasmus Universities
Leiden, Delft and Rotterdam also offer multidisciplinary minors, taught by lecturers from the universities involved. Students from various fields of study have the opportunity to work together on a range of multidisciplinary topics.
Multidisciplinary minors Leiden-Delft-Rotterdam
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You must be registered as a bachelor's student at Leiden University.
Your minor may not overlap with your regular studies. Are you unsure? In your study programme's Course and Examination Regulations (OER) you can read which minors you are not allowed to follow due to overlap. Don't see your minor but still not sure? Ask your board of examiners about the overlap between your minor and your programme(s) to be sure.
If you only want to follow part of a minor, you need permission from the Board of Examiners.
For some minors there are additional admission requirements, such as a specific study programme or a selection procedure. See the Prospectus for the requirements for Leiden minors. For Delft and Rotterdam minors see the websites of TU Delft and the Erasmus University. You can find an overview of the programme requirements for minors in Delft and Rotterdam in the admission matrix for TU Delft (pdf) and the admission matrix for Erasmus (pdf).
In terms of educational level, the best time to do a minor is in the third year of your Bachelor's programme. This is an advisory note, rather than an admission requirement.
Type of minor
Application period
Minors with admission requirements*
TU Delft, Erasmus, LDE, Leiden
3 April at (13.00) till 14 April (13.00)
Minors without admission requirements
TU Delft, Erasmus, LDE
8 May at (13.00) till 31 May (13.00)
8 May at (13.00) till 15 July (13.00)
* A minor with admission requirements is a minor with a different selection procedure. You can check which minors have admission requirements in the Prospectus or on the website of TU Delft and Erasmus.
Every minor has a limited number of places. These are allocated on a first come, first served basis (with the exception of TU Delft and Erasmus minors with admission requirements*). So apply on time.
You may only apply for one minor with admission requirements.
You may only apply for one TUD/EUR/LDE minor.
If you are placed on a waiting list, you may apply for another Leiden minor (without admission requirements). Please note: you can only follow one minor. Are you placed on two waiting lists? Deregister from one of the two minors and apply for a different one.
You can change or cancel your applications right up to the end of the application period. Be sure to deregister from any minor that you do not plan to follow. This way you won't block a spot that your fellow students could be using.
Create an eduID;
Register for your minor via eduXchange.
Important: are you doing a bachelor's in Clinical Technology or Life Science & Technology? If so, select TU Delft as your current place of study in EduXchange.
Do you have a question about the content of a particular minor? Get in touch with the contact person for that minor as stated in the Prospectus.
Do you have other questions? Take a look in the FAQ section. If you can't find the information you are looking for, contact the Student Affairs Front Office.
FAQs about minors
Prospectus: minors
Contact your study programme
Student Affairs Front Office
For general question about studying at Leiden University - 071 - 527 8011
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