text:
/****************************************************************************/
/*!
  \file print.c

  \brief
  Print Ausgabe Funktionen

  Die Ausgabe der Zeichen erfolgt ueber die IR LED an der seriellen Schnittstelle.\n
  Ueber den IR Transceiver koennen die Zeichen empfangen und in einem Terminalprogramm\n
  vom PC dargestellt werden.\n
  Dazu muss bei den Einstellungen des Terminalprogramms die COM Schnittstelle\n
  ausgewaehlt werden, an der der IR Transceiver haengt.\n
  Die weiteren Schnittstellenparameter sind:\n
  2400 Baud, 8 Databits, no parity, 1 Stopbit, Hardware Handshake none\n

  \par Hinweis:
  Wer den USB IR Transceiver mit einem Terminalprogramm benutzen will,\n
  muss dazu die aktuellen USB Treiber von der FTDI Homepage verwenden.\n
  Diese CDM Treiber enthalten sowohl die VCP Treiber,\n
  die das Terminalprogramm verwendet, als auch die D2XX Treiber,\n
  die das Flasher Tool verwendet.\n
  Zu finden sind die Treiber unter http://www.ftdichip.com/FTDrivers.htm .

  \version  V--- - 10.11.2003 - Jan Grewe - DLR\n
            Original Version von der ASURO CD\n
  \version  V--- - bis zum 07.01.2007 - \n
            Bitte in Datei CHANGELOG nachsehen.\n
  \version  V001 - 13.01.2007 - m.a.r.v.i.n\n
            +++ Alle Funktionen\n
            Zerlegte Sourcen in einzelne Dateien fuer eine echte Library.
  \version  V002 - 09.02.2007 - m.a.r.v.i.n\n
            +++ PrintLong ()  NEU\n
            Ausgabe eines Long Wertes als String ueber die serielle
            Schnittstelle.\n
            +++ Alle Funktionen\n
            Kommentierte Version\n
  \version  V003 - 14.02.2007 - Sternthaler\n
            +++ Alle Funktionen\n
            Kommentare einheitlicher zu den anderen Sourcen.\n
  \version  V004 - 25.07.2007 - Sternthaler (Gemeldet von helmut_w)\n
            +++ UartPutc ()\n
            Abschalten des Senders nach der Datenuebertragung zum sparen
            von Energie.
  \version  V005 - 18.08.2007 - marvin\n
            +++ SerPrint ()\n
            signed char als Parameter wg. Compilerwarnungen
  \version  V006 - 27.01.2008 - marvin\n
            neue Funktion SerPrint_p\n
            zur Ausgabe von Strings aus dem Programmspeicher
*****************************************************************************/
/*****************************************************************************
*                                                                            *
*   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify     *
*   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by     *
*   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or        *
*   any later version.                                                       *
*                                                                            *
*****************************************************************************/
#include "asuro.h"

/****************************************************************************/
/*!
  \brief
  Ausgabe eines Integer Wertes als String ueber die serielle Schnittstelle.

  \param[in]
  wert Auszugebender Integer Wert (16Bit)

  \author   Robotrixer, marvin

  \version  beta - 31.03.2005 - Robotrixer\n
            first implementation
  \version  2.60 - 28.09.2005 - m.a.r.v.i.n\n
            strlen verwenden, anstelle fester Laenge
  \version  2.61 - 20.11.2006 - m.a.r.v.i.n\n
            Initialisierung text String kann zu Fehler\n
            beim Flashen mit RS232/IR Adapter fuehren\n
            (Bug report von francesco)
  \version  2.70b- 07.01.2007 - m.a.r.v.i.n\n
            SerPrint Funktion anstelle SerWrite verwenden
  \version  2.70rc2- 09.02.2007 - m.a.r.v.i.n\n
            Text Laenge auf 7 erhoeht, fuer Ausgabe negativer Werte
            (Bug Report von HermannSW)

  \par  Beispiel:
  (Nur zur Demonstration der Parameter/Returnwerte)
  \code
  // Beispiel fuer zeilenweise Ausgabe der Encoder Werte
  EncoderInit();
  While(1)
  {
    PrintInt (encoder [0]);
    SerPrint ("   ");
    PrintInt (encoder [1]);
    SerPrint ("\n\r");
    MSleep (500); //0,5sek. warten
  }
  \endcode
*****************************************************************************/
void PrintInt (
  int wert)
{
  char text [7];                        // "-12345"

  itoa (wert, text, 10);
  SerPrint (text);
}

/****************************************************************************/
/*!
  \brief
  Ausgabe eines Long Wertes als String ueber die serielle Schnittstelle.

  \param[in]
  wert Auszugebender Long Wert (32Bit)

  \author HermannSW, marvin

  \version  2.70rc2 - 09.02.2007    m.a.r.v.i.n\n
            first implementation
            (Idee von HermannSW)

  \par  Beispiel:
  (Nur zur Demonstration der Parameter/Returnwerte)
  \code
  // Beispiel fuer Ausgabe der Batterie Werte
  long data;
  While(1)
  {
    data = Batterie ();
    PrintLong (data);
    SerPrint ("\n\r");
    MSleep (500); //0,5sek. warten
  }
  \endcode
*****************************************************************************/
void PrintLong (
  long wert)
{
  char text [12];                       // '-'1234567891'\0'

  ltoa (wert, text, 10);
  SerPrint (text);
}

/****************************************************************************/
/*!
  \brief
  Sendet einen einzelnen Character über die serielle Schnittstelle

  \param[in]
  zeichen auszugebendes Zeichen

  \author   stochri

  \version  sto1 - 07.01.2006   stochri\n
            first implementation
  \version  V004 - 25.07.2007 - Sternthaler (Gemeldet von helmut_w)\n
            Abschalten des Senders nach der Datenuebertragung zum sparen
            von Energie.

  \par  Beispiel:
  (Nur zur Demonstration der Parameter/Returnwerte)
  \code
  // 'wunderbaren' Text als einzelne Zeichen senden.
  UartPutc ('H');
  UartPutc ('e');
  UartPutc ('l');
  UartPutc ('l');
  UartPutc ('o');
  \endcode
*****************************************************************************/
void UartPutc (
  unsigned char zeichen)
{
  UCSRB  = 0x08;                        // enable transmitter
  UCSRA |= 0x40;                        // clear transmitter flag
  while (!(UCSRA & 0x20))               // wait for empty transmit buffer
    ;
  UDR = zeichen;
  while (!(UCSRA & 0x40))               // Wait for transmit complete flag (TXC)
    ;
  UCSRB  = 0x00;                        // disable transmitter / powersave
}

/****************************************************************************/
/*!
  \brief
  Sendet einen null-terminierten String ueber die serielle Schnittstelle.
  Im Gegensatz zur SerWrite Funktion wird bei dieser Funktion kein Parameter
  mit der Anzahl der zu sendenden Zeichne benötigt. Es wird einfach bis zum
  Stringende (0-Character) gesendet.

  Zum Senden von Rohdaten (keine ASCII Zeichen) sollte sattdessen die Funktion
  SerWrite verwendet werden.

  \param[in]
  data null-terminierter String

  \see SerWrite

  \author   stochri

  \version  sto1 - 07.01.2007 - stochri\n
            first implementation
  \version  V005 - 18.08.2007 - marvin\n
            signed char als Parameter wg. Compilerwarnungen

  \par  Beispiel:
  (Nur zur Demonstration der Parameter/Returnwerte)
  \code
  // Beispiel fuer SerPrint
  SerPrint ("Hallo ASURO!\r\n");
  \endcode
*****************************************************************************/
void SerPrint (
  char *data)
{
  unsigned char i = 0;

  while (data [i] != 0x00)
    UartPutc (data [i++]);
}

/****************************************************************************/
/*!
  \brief
  Sendet einen null-terminierten String aus dem FLASH Speicher ueber die
  serielle Schnittstelle.

  \param[in]
  data null-terminierter String

  \author   marvin

  \version  V001 - 07.02.2008 - marvin\n
            first implementation
  \par Erlaeuterung:
  Alle String Variablen belegen normalerweise neben dem Speicherplatz im\n
  Programmspeicher (FLASH) zusätzlich denselben Speicherplatz im RAM.\n
  Den Speicherplatz im RAM laesst sich vermeiden, indem man den Bezeichner\n
  PROGMEM bei der Deklaration des Strings angibt.\n
  Zum Auslesen einzelner Zeichen des Strings aus dem Programmspeicher\n
  wird die Funktion pgm_read_byte aus der Standard Library verwendet.

  \par  Beispiel:
  (Nur zur Demonstration der Parameter/Returnwerte)
  \code
  // Beispiel fuer SerPrint_p
  const char Text_im_FLASH[] PROGMEM = "FLASH String";
  SerPrint_p (Text_im_FLASH);
  \endcode
*****************************************************************************/
void SerPrint_p (
  const char *data)
{
  char c;

  while ((c = pgm_read_byte(data)) != 0)
  {
    UartPutc (c);
    data++;
  }
}


Jolyane Langlois decided to pursue a dance career while watching Paul-André Fortier perform Solo 30x30 in 2006. She started her dance training in Montréal at L'UQAM and graduated from The School of Toronto Dance Theater in May 2012.
She worked with Allison Cummings and Deborah Pearson for The Queen West Project (2012), performed at the Canadian Dance Festival in June 2013 for Eroca Nicols in DIMBY and was part of Night Shift, a durational work created by Michael Trent and Brendan Fernandes. Jolyane is a member of Social Growl Dance, a young company under the artistic direction of Riley Sims. She dances for Corpus (Feet in the air, Head on the ground!), Jillian Peever and Viv Moore. She will be seen on screen in Disco Temple, a short film created by Cynical People. Jolyane is a curious, risk-taking and passionate dance artist interested in performance art and the use of non-conventionnal spaces and urban landscapes.
Anna Mayberry is a dancer, choreographer, and musician from Toronto. Having trained in Ballet and Modern dance in Toronto, she moved to Montreal to attend Concordia University. Anna graduated with a BFA in Contemporary Dance in 2013. In Montreal, Anna performed in various works at Usine C, Monument National, Tangente, Studio 303, Mainline Theatre, and Moyse Hall.
In 2011, Anna was both a performer and curator for the Art Matters Festival. As Anna's choreographic process developed, she began to work within sound, video, and performance art practices.  While studying at Concordia, Anna created several performative works in collaboration with musicians and sound artists, including a yearlong investigation of vehicular movement with trumpeter Phillippe Battikha, resulting in two new works, Line of Flight and L'Inter-Etre. From 2011 to 2012, Anna played a small role in Caroline Laurin-Beaucage and Martin Messier's dance piece SOAK. In her final year at school, Anna collaborated with a small group of electro-acoustics and dance students to create an improv-based performance at the VAV Gallery, under the moniker TUNS.
Anna is currently developing two music projects, HSY and ANAMAI, both based in Toronto. She is also a member of the Do What You Can arts collective. Anna is increasingly interested in the contamination of "bands" and "dance".
A graduate of The School of Toronto Dance Theatre, Andrew Hartley of Moncton, New Brunswick, has performed in work by an eclectic group of emerging and established artists, including Joanie Audet, Serge Bennathan, Sylvie Bouchard, Susie Burpee, Angela Blumberg, Allison Cummings, David Earle, DA Hoskins, Indrit Kasapi, Noémie Lafrance, Meagan O'Shea, Simon Renaud, Andrea Spaziani and Dan Wild.
He is a founding member of Warm Laundry, creating and performing with his colleagues of the collective. His work has been presented at Buddies and Bad Times Theatre in an evening of work by emerging multidisciplinary artists and at the Enwave Theatre as part of Fresh Blood. He takes great joy in working with children and teaches in the Young Dancers' Program at the School of TDT and as guest faculty of DancEast Dance Centre de Danse in Moncton.
Lee Gelbloom began dancing intensively at the age of 13 when she was accepted at Etobicoke School for the Arts in Toronto, ON. Her studies continued at Concordia University in Montreal, Qc. where she graduated in 2011 with a BFA in Contemporary Dance.
While in Montreal she participated in numerous festivals and performances such as: Art Matters, Bouge d'ici as well as creating her own independent work presented as part of Semaine de la Danse.
After travelling through SouthEast Asia and the Middle East, Lee has returned to Toronto where she is currently working as company member in Social Growl Dance and participating in Dancemakers' EDAP project. In addition, she is collaborating with musician Raz Koren.
Through training with acclaimed teachers Lee has applied several distinct techniques to her own practice. She has developed a mature, complex, grounded and captivating way of moving.
Lee is excited to be back in her hometown working with Toronto artists. She is always eager to explore new opportunities working in partnership with others as well as developing outlets for her own creative process.
Riley is a graduate of The School of Toronto Dance Theatre's Professional Training program in Contemporary Dance and the Musical Theatre program at Wexford School for the Arts.
Since graduating from TDT, Riley has danced for numerous choreographers, including Tedd Robinson, Noam Gagnon, Andrew Turner, Yvonne Coutts and Darryl Tracy.
He has performed in a remoung of Danny Grossman's Triptych for Older and Reckless and the Bravofact film Unseen Spaces, choreographed by Allen Kaeja. In 2012, Riley had the pleasure of performing in Dances for Youth by Youth, a project mentored by Peter Boneham and Sylvie Desosiers in Ottawa. He is currently a company member of Ottawa Dance Directive under the artistic direction of Yvonne Coutts. Since joining the company, Riley has had the opportunity to perform at the Canada Dance Festival (2012).
Riley presents his own work under his company name Social Growl Dance. Since its inception in 2012, Social Growl Dance has presented work in Toronto at Dance Matters and the SummerWorks Festival opening night party (2013).
Most recently, Riley was commissioned by visual artist Melody-Blue Lassen to create For Morgan, his latest piece with Social Growl Dance. For Morgan premiered in October 2013 as part of R.I.P. Morgan Freeman an exhibition curated by Klassen at Galery 1313. Riley has also choreographed for Wexford School for the Arts and the Randolph Academy for the Performing Arts Kid's Program.
Upcoming projects include Facets, a new world premiere from Tedd Robinson in May of 2015 at the National Arts Centre in Ottawa.


We spend a lot of time looking through the cast's social media feeds. Don't judge: it's our job! You know what we realized? These are all people who travel. So, here. Your Thursday morning sense of wanderlust.
Hong Kong was incredible! This place has grown so much since the last time I was here! Can't wait to go back!
Where would you love to go? Have you been to any of the same places as the cast or somewhere even more incredible? Let us know in the comments below!


Not all boots are made for walking. How do you choose a pair that won't walk all over you? With so many styles on the market, you should not have to sacrifice style for utility. Here are some tips on what to look for in a pair of choosing the right size walking boots.
Know the difference between work boots and walking boots.
You can usually tell what the product is targeted for by reading the product description. Most retailers have in-depth details on the materials and function of boots. For example, read a description of classic Timberlands and compare with a description of Merrell hiking boots, and you'll see some pretty obvious differences.
Consider the terrain, the season, and the weather conditions that you will be encountering.
Walking shoes are flexible and offer minimal ankle support, so they are sufficient for strolling on flat, even surfaces in mild weather conditions. If you are going to be walking over hills, mountains, or uneven surfaces, opt for walking boots with enhanced ankle support and stiffer soles. Walking boots will protect you from twisting an ankle when you're moving up and down hills and mountains.
The tongues of your walking shoes or walking boots should be thick enough to keep your laces from cutting into the tops of your feet. Padding on the tongue and around the ankles will keep you comfortable and cushion your feet for the impact of tougher terrains.
Suede, leather, and mesh fabric are all popular materials for walking boots. Mesh fabric walking boots weigh less, are more breathable and are more economical than leather or suede ones. Leather also takes longer to break in than fabric, but it will be more durable and water resistant than suede or mesh in the long run. This is only true, though, if you properly care for your leather. Wash your boots after walks and occasionally condition them.
Your feet are larger in the afternoon than in the morning because they swell slightly as the day progresses. So the best time to shop for walking boots is in the afternoon or evening. Your feet will be closer to the size that they will be when you are hiking.
How do you know if you have the right fit? Push your toes to the front of your boot and see if you can slide your index finger down the inside of the heel of your boot. If you can slide your finger in, then you have the right fit. You should have enough wiggle room for your toes, but not so much space that your foot is swimming around inside your boot.
Obviously, you will be wearing socks on your actual walk, but trying your boots on without socks will let you know if there are any points with uncomfortable rubbing or friction. If you discover one of these problem zones, kick the boots to the curb and try on a different pair.
Also. if you know what socks you are going to be sporting on your walk, take them with you when you go shopping to wear under the walking boots that you try on. Or else buy your walking boots and socks at the same time to coordinate thickness and keep your pressure points comfortable.
Take them on a test drive.
Take your boots on a test walk up and down stairs to mimic moving uphill and downhill. Make sure that your toes don't crash into the front walls of your boots when you trek downstairs because that's how they will perform traveling downhill.
Check out the tread patterns on the soles of your walking boots. These will differ by style and brand, but they all serve a function. Chunkier treads will perform better in mud and shallower ones will help you to negotiate rockier surfaces.
Break your walking boots in before they break you. You can do this by wearing them around the house for a few days before hitting the trail. Give them a spin while vacuuming to see how they handle your twists and turns.
Experiment with different ways of lacing them. Breaking in your boots is not as crucial of a step with mesh fabric walking boots. Those are more likely to be comfortable fresh out of the box. However, give yourself enough time to break in leather walking boots, which require more time to adjust to.
You can soften up tougher leather boots and make them more flexible by getting them just a little bit damp. A short walk through dewy grass ought to do it. This will ensure that they are more comfortable when you finally hit the path.
Believe it or not, not all walking boots are waterproof. If this is an important feature for you, then make sure to check the tag or product description of the style that you are interested in.


text:
Oracle in talks to buy Chinese social video app TikTok, report says
The seconds TikTok away for a deal with Chinese-based parent company ByteDance
By Julia MustoFOXBusiness
TikTok confident it will complete deal with US buyer: Report
Sources tell FOX Business' Charlie Gasparino TikTok continues to negotiate with Microsoft, which may also be interested in buying TikTok U.K., but people at the company say other potential buyers remain.
Oracle Corp. has expressed an interest in acquiring the popular Chinese social video app TikTok, a new report said Tuesday.
According to the Financial Times, Oracle chairman and co-founder Larry Ellison's software giant has held preliminary talks with TikTok's parent company ByteDance, giving assumed frontrunner Microsoft Corp. a potential competitor in its bid for the over 800 million-user app.
TIKTOK LAUNCHES INFORMATION HUB, TWITTER ACCOUNT TO 'SET THE RECORD STRAIGHT' ON COMPANY RUMORS, MISINFORMATION
Oracle has reportedly been working in partnership with venture capital firms like General Atlantic and Sequoia Capital – which already have a stake in ByteDance – and is "seriously considering" buying the app's operations in America, Canada, Australia and New Zeland, according to the report.
Earlier this month, The Wall Street Journal reported that Twitter Inc. had also approached ByteDance to express interest in TikTok's U.S.-based operations. However, there were said to have been "concerns" about its financial capacity for the deal.
Additionally, the Financial Times noted on Monday that Microsoft had also earnestly considered a takeover of TikTok's global operations past the nations it had previously highlighted at the beginning of the month.
Microsoft is allegedly particularly interested in buying TikTok operations in Europe and India, where it was recently banned by the Indian government amid a border standoff with China.
Yet, according to the Times, ByteDance is opposed to selling any further assets beyond those in the U.S. Canada, Australia and New Zeland.
On Friday, President Trump issued an executive order commanding ByteDance to sell its U.S.-based business within 90 days, ramping up pressure on the Chinese company.
Billionaire Ellison is notably one of the few U.S. tech executives who has been publicly supportive of the president's administration.
A deal to buy TikTok across regional lines would be unprecedented.
While ByteDance hasn't named a price for its sale publicly, TikTok's success led the company to become the world's most valuable startup in 2018.
In an effort to take on rumors about the company, on Monday TikTok unveiled a new information hub and Twitter account that they hope will "shine a light on the facts and set the record straight" after the Trump administration accused the company of providing its user data to the Chinese government.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Rare Diamond Publications: Who is Ornitha Danielle!
After Ornitha Danielle graduating from Southwest Tennessee Community College with a diploma in Emergency Medical Technician, she knew there were something that she loved more than anything and that was the love of books. As a child her parents read to her all the time, which she carried into her adulthood. She's now pursuing her Bachelor's Degree in all aspects of Journalism at The University of Memphis, where she plans to obtain it with all honors.
By doing this, she penned her first novel titled "A Heart of Reign" which was released on July 29, 2012. As this up coming sensational personality in the national and entertainment and literary world. Ornitha Danielle had become one of the most watched talented novelist women in the media world of these days. She is well on her way to be one of the nation's latest novelist in the Literary industry as the So Fyh Literary Diva which stands for (D= Divine, Inspired, Virtuous Vessel of the Lord, A= Ambassador.) What else can this Best Selling Author is capable of? Find out tomorrow, stay tuned!
If you haven't purchased your copy of "A Heart of Reign" please do so by going to Amazon.com or one of her websites below to get your copy! Please leave review!


"The Hero of San Juan Hill"
Click on the banner above to go to the Theodore Roosevelt homepage at the University of Virginia's Miller Center. Click on the buttons below for in-depth information about T. Roosevelt's Presidency.
Roosevelt was the first President to travel outside of the Continental U.S. while in office. In 1906, he traveled to Panama to observe construction of the Panama Canal that had begun in 1881 and would finish in 1914.
Although Roosevelt had been a Sunday school teacher, he believed strongly in the separation of Church and State. While taking the Oath of Office during his inauguration after President William McKinley's assassination, he did not swear on the Bible. When the $20 gold coin was designed in 1907, the words "In God We Trust" were not present. In a letter written by Roosevelt, he said it was irreverent to have the words printed on the coins because the money was used to buy worldly goods and services. After public outcry, Congress passed legislation requiring "In God We Trust" be restored to all U.S. coins upon which it had been previously printed.
In 1906, Roosevelt was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his role as negotiator in the Russo-Japanese War. He was the first American (and first U.S. President) to win the Nobel Prize. Presidents Woodrow Wilson (1919), Jimmy Carter (2002), and Barack Obama (2009) later won the award.
Roosevelt's education was mostly homeschooling by his parents and tutors. He was an avid reader and developed a photographic memory. He was capable of reading an entire page of printed words in the same time as the average person could read one sentence. Roosevelt read a book each morning before breakfast and several more in the evening if he had free time.
It was reported that upon reading Upton Sinclair's book The Jungle (that exposed the horrors of the meat industry), Roosevelt exploded in anger, spitting out the sausage he was eating. In 1906, he responded with the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act.
Roosevelt was a great multitasker, able to dictate letters and memos to two separate secretaries while browsing through a book at the same time.
Roosevelt was the first President to be commonly known by his initials "TR". This was later true for Presidents "FDR", "JFK", and "LBJ".
Roosevelt was blind in his left eye, the result of a boxing injury he sustained while in office. That's right. A boxing injury he got while President.
"Theodore" and "Franklin" Roosevelt share a famous name but were only distantly related: they were fifth cousins. Teddy was more closely related to Franklin's wife, Eleanor, who was his niece. (She was the daughter of Teddy's brother, Elliot.) In fact, when Eleanor married FDR, Teddy was the one who "gave away the bride". Martin Van Buren was a third cousin twice removed to Theodore, and Zachary Taylor was a fourth cousin thrice removed to FDR. Got all that?
It was rumored that both Teddy and Franklin Roosevelt had their family crest tattooed on an undisclosed location.
Roosevelt officially gave the White House its name. In 1800, John Adams became the first President to reside in the White House after the nation's capital moved from Philadelphia to Washington, D.C. The building was originally referred to variously as the "President's Palace", "Presidential Mansion", or "President's House". The earliest evidence of the public calling it the "White House" was recorded in 1811. A myth emerged that during the rebuilding of the structure after the Burning of Washington, white paint was applied to mask the burn damage it had suffered, giving the building its namesake hue. The name "Executive Mansion" was used in official contexts until Roosevelt established the formal name by having "White House–Washington" engraved on the stationery in 1901.
Roosevelt and his six children had more animals at the White House than any other President. The Roosevelt children's family of pets included a small bear named Jonathan Edwards; a lizard named Bill; guinea pigs named Admiral Dewey, Dr. Johnson, Bishop Doane, Fighting Bob Evans, and Father O'Grady; Maude the pig; Josiah the badger; Eli Yale the blue macaw; Baron Spreckle the hen; a one-legged rooster; a hyena; a barn owl; Peter the rabbit; and Algonquin the pony. (Algonquin was so beloved that when the President's son Archie was sick in bed, his brothers brought the pony up to his room in the elevator.) In addition to these, the Roosevelt children also had a garter snake named Emily Spinach (named by Roosevelt's daughter Alice "because it was as green as spinach and as thin as my Aunt Emily"); Sailor Boy the Chesapeake retriever, Jack the terrier, Skip the mongrel, a small black Pekingese named Manchu, and Pete the bull terrier (who sank his teeth into so many legs that he had to be exiled to the Roosevelt home in Long Island!).
Roosevelt was the youngest President, assuming the office at the age of 42 after President William McKinley was assassinated. John F. Kennedy was the youngest President to be elected to office. JFK was 43 when he became President.
The inspiration for the "Teddy Bear" is believed to have come from a political cartoon about a bear-hunting trip by Roosevelt. As the story goes, Roosevelt went on a bear hunt in Mississippi in 1902. He enjoyed nature and being out in the woods where animals lived. (And what better way to celebrate nature than by gunning down its creatures?!) Because he was the President, the people organizing the hunt wanted to make sure the hunt was successful... and that he wouldn't wind up mauled. After three days of walking, climbing, and riding, no bears were found. Now what? The President's bear hunt would be a failure! The next day the hunt guide and his dogs finally found an old bear. The dogs and guide followed the bear for quite a distance until the bear was tired, at which time the dogs attacked and injured the animal. The guides tied the bear to a tree and called for Roosevelt. Here was a bear for him to shoot! Roosevelt arrived, took one look at the bear and refused. No one would shoot this old bear for sport. However, the bear was injured and suffering... so he ordered that it be put down to end its pain (just, you know, not by him). Clifford Berryman, a political cartioonist, heard this story and drew a cartoon showing how Roosevelt refused to shoot the bear. After this appeared in the papers, a shopkeeper named Morris Michtom took two stuffed toy bears which his wife had made and put them in his shop window. He asked for permission from Roosevelt to call these toy bears "Teddy's bears". It was an instant success, and, as time went on, they became simply "Teddy Bears".
Roosevelt had always been fascinated by naval history. Urged by Roosevelt's close friend, President McKinley appointed Roosevelt to the post of Assistant Secretary of the Navy in 1897. Ten days after the battleship Maine exploded in the harbor of Havana, Cuba, Roosevelt became Acting Secretary for four hours. In that short amount of time, Roosevelt told the Navy worldwide to prepare for war, ordered ammunition and supplies, brought in experts, and went to Congress asking for authority to recruit as many sailors as he wanted, thus moving the nation toward war. Roosevelt was instrumental in preparing the Navy for the Spanish-American War and was an enthusiastic supporter of testing the U.S. military in combat, at one point saying, "I should welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one." After war was declared on Spain in 1898, Roosevelt resigned from the Navy Department to find volunteers to form the First U.S. Volunteer Cavalry Regiment (made up of cowboys from the Western territories and Ivy League friends from New York). The newspapers called them the "Rough Riders". Roosevelt fretted that the war would be over before he tasted battle. Fortunately for him, this was not the case, and his Rough Riders were shipped off to Cuba to battle the Spanish. Under his leadership, the Rough Riders became famous for dual charges up Kettle Hill and San Juan Hill on July 1, 1898. Out of all the Rough Riders, Roosevelt was the only one with a horse, as the troopers' horses had been left behind because transport ships were scarce. He rode back and forth between rifle pits at the forefront of the advance up Kettle Hill, an advance that he urged in absence of any orders from superiors. He was forced to walk up the last part of Kettle Hill on foot because of barbed wire entanglement and after his horse, Little Texas, grew tired. For his actions, Roosevelt was nominated for the Medal of Honor, which was later disapproved. In 2001, Roosevelt was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions. He remains the only President to be awarded America's highest military honor and the only person in history to receive both his nation's highest honor for military valor and the world's foremost prize for peace.
Having a bad day? Hardly... On Valentine's Day 1884, Roosevelt lost both his mother and his wife. Roosevelt (25 years old) was at work in the New York state legislature when he was summoned home by his family. He returned home to find his mother, Mittie, had succumbed to typhoid fever. On the same day, his wife of four years, Alice Lee, died of Bright's disease, a severe kidney ailment. Only two days before her death, Alice Lee had given birth to the couple's daughter, Alice. The double tragedy devastated Roosevelt. Burdened by grief, he abandoned politics, left the infant Alice with his sister Bamie, and, at the end of 1884, headed out for the Dakota territories, where he lived as a rancher and worked as a sheriff for two years. After a blizzard wiped out his prized herd of cattle in 1885, Roosevelt decided to return to eastern society. Once back in New York in 1886, he again took up politics and took over raising his daughter. That same year he married his second wife, Edith. The two would go on to have five more children.
Before he left office in 1909, Roosevelt hand-picked William Howard Taft as his successor and worked to get him elected. Taft had served in the Roosevelt Administration as governor of the Philippines and Secretary of War. During the Election, Taft vowed to run the country just as Roosevelt had done. But the new administration got off to a rocky start when started dismissing Cabinet members installed by Roosevelt. Roosevelt was miffed at Taft not being consulted on the new appointments. During this time, progressivism was gradually rising from the local and state level to the national level. Increasing numbers of people across the nation supported expanding the role of the Federal Government to ensure the welfare of the people. Pressured by the Progressive wing of the Republican Party to challenge Taft in the Election of 1912, Roosevelt weighed his options. Eventually, he decided to throw "his hat into the ring" and run against his former protégé. The Republicans met in Chicago in June 1912, hopelessly split over picking Roosevelt or Taft. When Taft was given the nod, Roosevelt and his supporters abandoned the Republican Party and reconvened in Chicago two weeks later to form the Progressive Party. Roosevelt gave a dramatic speech in which he announced that "We stand at Armageddon, and we battle for the Lord!" Declaring that he felt "as strong as a Bull Moose", Roosevelt gave the new party its popular name (the Bull Moose Party). The problem that both Roosevelt and Taft faced was they effectively split Republican/Progressive votes between the two of them, paving the way for a smooth victory for the Democrat's Woodrow Wilson. Wilson captured 41.9% of the Popular Vote to Roosevelt's 27.4% and Taft's 23.1%. (If you add the two together, Wilson doesn't win.) In the end, though, much of Roosevelt's platform and Progressive program were enacted during Wilson's Presidency.
After Taft's inauguration, Roosevelt traveled in Africa and Europe for more than a year. He then went on a safari with his son, Kermit, where he acquired more than 3,000 animal trophies, including eight elephants, seven hippos, nine lions, and 13 rhinos. After losing the Election of 1912 to Woodrow Wilson, Roosevelt again left with Kermit on a voyage into the jungles of Brazil to explore the River of Doubt in the Amazon region. During the seven-month, 15,000-mile expedition, Roosevelt contacted malaria and suffered a serious infection after injuring his leg in a boat accident. Following his return to the U.S., Roosevelt spent his days writing scientific essays and history books.
On October 14, 1912, Roosevelt was campaigning in Milwaukee, Wisconsin when a local saloon-keeper shot him. The bullet lodged in his chest after passing through a jacket pocket containing his steel eyeglass case and a copy of his 50-page speech which had been folded in half. Roosevelt concluded that since he wasn't coughing blood the bullet had not penetrated the chest wall into his lung, so he declined immediate treatment... and gave his 90 minute speech (with blood seeping from the wound into his shirt). "Ladies and gentlemen, I don't know whether you fully understand that I have just been shot," Roosevelt said, "but it takes more than that to kill a Bull Moose."


text:
package org.eclipse.equinox.p2.metadata.expression;

/**
 * A match expression is a boolean expression matching a candidate of a
 * specific type. An {@link IEvaluationContext} is needed in order to evaluate
 * a match and this class provides two ways of doing that. Either a context
 * is created first and then reused in several subsequent calls to
 * {@link #isMatch(IEvaluationContext, Object)} or, if no repeated calls are
 * expected, the {@link #isMatch(Object)} method can be used. It will then
 * create a context on each call.
 * @since 2.0
 */
public interface IMatchExpression<T> extends IExpression {
	/**
	 *
Creates a new context to be passed to repeated subsequent evaluations. The context
	 * will introduce 'this' as an uninitialized variable and make the parameters available.
	 * @return A new evaluation context.
	 */
	IEvaluationContext createContext();

	/**
	 * Returns the parameters that this match expression was created with.
	 * @return An array of parameters, possibly empty but never null.
	 */
	Object[] getParameters();

	/**
	 * This method creates a new evaluation context and assigns the candidate
	 * to the 'this' variable of the context and then evaluates the expression.
	 * This is essentially a short form for
isMatch(createContext(), candidate)
.
	 * @param candidate The object to test.
	 * @return the result of the evaluation.
	 */
	boolean isMatch(T candidate);

	/**
	 * This method assigns candidate to the 'this' variable of the
	 * context and then evaluates the expression.
	 * @param context A context
	 * @param candidate The object to test.
	 * @return the result of the evaluation.
	 */
	boolean isMatch(IEvaluationContext context, T candidate);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Pycnonotus finlaysoni е вид птица от семейство Pycnonotidae.

Разпространение
Видът е разпространен във Виетнам, Камбоджа, Китай, Лаос, Малайзия, Мианмар и Тайланд.

Източници

Pycnonotus

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
School of Medicine Wong Lab
Wong Lab
Melissa (Missy) Wong, Ph.D.
Associate Professor and Vice Chair
Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology
Email Dr. Wong
Graduate program memberships
Program in Mollecular and Cellular Biosciences
Cell and Developmental Biology
International Society for Stem Cell Research
American Gastroenterological Association
1987 - B.A., molecular, cellular, developmental biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
1994 - Ph.D., molecular cellular pathobiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine/Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
1995-1998 - Postdoctoral Fellow, Washington University School of Medicine
1998-2001 - Instructor, Washington University School of Medicine
2001-2008 - Assistant Professor, OHSU
2008-present - Associate Professor, OHSU
2013-present - Vice Chair, Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology
John Swain
Education: Education: B.S. in biology, University of Southern California
Michael Parappilly
Research Assistant 2
Education: B.S. in human physiology, University of Oregon
Scientific interests: I am interested in understanding tumor behavior at the molecular and cellular level, and how a novel population of circulating cells affects disease progression and metastasis.
Matthew Dietz, D.O., M.S.Ed.
Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Fellow
Education: B.A. chemistry, F&M College, D.O. and M.S.Ed., University of New England, Biddeford, ME
Training: Pediatric residency and Hematology and Oncology fellowship, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, OHSU, Portland, OR
Scientific interests: My current project is aimed at investigating macrophage-tumor cell hybrids as a biomarker for diagnosis, treatment response, treatment related tumor evolution in pediatric high grade gliomas. My long-term research interests involve the development of a comprehensive understanding of key mechanisms of tumor evolution and how alterations in the tumor microenvironment contribute to tumor heterogeneity, treatment resistance and disease progression.
Brett Walker, M.D.
Surgery Resident
Education: B.S. biomedical sciences, Texas A&M University, M.D., Texas A&M University, Health Science Center
Scientific interests: I am a surgical resident interested in the management of malignancies, specifically colorectal cancer with liver metastasis and pancreatic cancers. I am investigating tumor biology with a focus on biomarkers for earlier cancer detection and to guide treatment strategies.
Ariana Sattler
Education: B.S., biology, minor in chemistry, Southern Oregon University
Scientific interests: Currently I am interested in the involvement of the novel population of circulating hybrid cells in varying cancer stages and in response to treatment, in addition to cancer specific biomarkers, which can potentially lead to earlier detection and diagnosis. Overall I am interested in stem cell, development and cancer biology, and hope to continue my biomedical studies in a graduate/Ph.D. program!
Yuki Chin
Education: B.S., psychobiology, University of California, Los Angeles
Scientific interests: I am interested in using our understanding of circulating hybrid cell formation and their properties in the development of diagnostic and clinical tools to identify high-risk patients and improve patient quality of life.
Thomas Sutton, M.D.
Education: B.S. microbiology and molecular biology, University of Central Florida; M.D., University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine
Scientific interests: I am a surgical resident interested in the multidisciplinary care of gastrointestinal cancers, including pancreatic and colorectal cancer. I am investigating biomarkers to more accurately monitor how patients are responding to medical and surgical therapies for cancer.
Sidharth Sengupta
Education: B.A. in biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University; B.S. in computer science, Oregon State University
Scientific interests: My work focuses on cellular programs within developmental/adult intestinal stem populations and how their mechanisms for maintaining proliferation and plasticity are hijacked in disorders like cancer. Understanding these molecular systems provides insight into the complexity within robust, differentiated tissue and will improve diagnosis, stratification and treatment of disease.
Kendra Madrid
Adria Decker Dismuke
Anne Powell
Trevor Levin
Adnan Z .Rizvi
Paige Davies
Marcus Monroe
Crystal Hessman
Emily Bubbers
Daniel Clayburgh
Kerrie Adams
Sophia Bornstein
Elie Traer
Lara Riegler
John Glysteen
Edward El Rasi
Yvette Anderson
Luai Zarour
Ali Gallagher
Sarah Bumatay
Noelle McPhail
Will Sato
Colin Whitmore
Juliet Chang
Mirenna Scott
Dahlia Maroney


text:
Grover Cleveland Cunningham
Eugene Cunningham
Birth 1857 United States
Family 1 Julia Norton, b. Abt 1874, United States
1. Grover Cleveland Cunningham, b. 22 Oct 1892, Bowens Corners,NY.
2. Raymond Cunningham, b. 1894
3. Grace Cunningham
Family 2 Anna Cole
1. Floyd Edward Cunningham
Julia Norton
Abt 1874 -
Birth Abt 1874 United States
Family Eugene Cunningham, b. 1857, United States
Eva E. Kinsman
Birth 1903 Sandy Creek, Oswego, New York, USA
Died 24 Jun 1954 Fulton, Oswego, New York, USA
Buried Hannibal, Oswego County, New York, USA
Father Lester Lovilla Kinsman, b. Sep 1860, Amboy Center, Oswego, New York, United States
Mother Ida Russell, b. Mar 1867, Redfield, Oswego, New York, USA
Married 19 May 1885 Greenboro, New York
Family 1 Grover Cleveland Cunningham, b. 22 Oct 1892, Bowens Corners,NY.
Married 3 Aug 1919 Fulton, Oswego, New York, USA
1. Lawrence Virgil Cunningham, b. 5 Mar 1920, New York
2. Hubert Elliot Cunningham, b. 21 Mar 1923, New York
3. Almeda Mae Cunningham, b. 11 Apr 1923, Fulton, New York
Family 2 Frank Hayes
Lawrence Virgil Cunningham
Birth 5 Mar 1920 New York
Died 5 Apr 1966 Fulton, New York
Father Grover Cleveland Cunningham, b. 22 Oct 1892, Bowens Corners,NY.
Mother Eva E. Kinsman, b. 1903, Sandy Creek, Oswego, New York, USA
Family 1 Ruth Naomi Fredenburg, b. 10 Aug 1919, Fulton, New York USA
1. Shirley Cunningham
2. Sheila M. Cunningham
Family 2 Norene Virginia Wing
Married 7 Dec 1940
Hubert Elliot Cunningham
Birth 21 Mar 1923 New York
Died 4 Mar 1992 Fulton, Oswego, New York, USA
Buried Fulton, Oswego County, New York, USA
Family Anna M Coe, b. 29 Jun 1924
1. Judith Cunningham
2. Diane Cunningham
3. Debra Cunningham
4. Hubert Elliot Cunningham, Jr.
Almeda Mae Cunningham
Birth 11 Apr 1923 Fulton, New York
Died 3 Sep 2003 Hannibal, Oswego, New York, USA
Family Frank H. Newton, Sr., b. 7 Oct 1921, Oswego, New York
Married Jun 1942
1. Patricia Newton
2. Priscilla Newton
3. Frederick Newton
4. Frank H. Newton, Jr.
5. Kathleen Newton
6. Wayne Newton
7. Joann Newton
8. Carleen Newton
9. Raymond J. Newton
Name Grover Cleveland Cunningham [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
Born 22 Oct 1892 Bowens Corners,NY. [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
Died 11 Jan 1959 Fulton, Oswego, New York, USA [7]
Buried Hannibal, Oswego County, New York, USA [7]
Person ID I75 Stewartsnydotcom
Father Eugene Cunningham, b. 1857, United States , d. 13 Mar 1916 (Age 59 years)
Mother Julia Norton, b. Abt 1874, United States
Family Eva E. Kinsman, b. 1903, Sandy Creek, Oswego, New York, USA , d. 24 Jun 1954, Fulton, Oswego, New York, USA (Age 51 years)
1. Lawrence Virgil Cunningham, b. 5 Mar 1920, New York , d. 5 Apr 1966, Fulton, New York (Age 46 years) [natural]
2. Hubert Elliot Cunningham, b. 21 Mar 1923, New York , d. 4 Mar 1992, Fulton, Oswego, New York, USA (Age 68 years) [natural]
3. Almeda Mae Cunningham, b. 11 Apr 1923, Fulton, New York , d. 3 Sep 2003, Hannibal, Oswego, New York, USA (Age 80 years) [natural]
Newspaper Article - Thursday, January 29, 1959 Oswego Valley News - Raymond Cunningham and son, Clinton Cunningham of Syracuse were recent overnight guests of his brother in law and sister, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Milesky, Oneida Street. They attended the funeral of his brother Grover Cunningham, while in Fulton.
Newspaper Article - Tuesday, January 13, 1959 Palladium Times - Oswego, New York - Injured Infant Leaves Hospital - Fulton - Injured Sunday in a two car smashup that claimed the life of her grandfather, three months old Diane Marie Cunningham of 201 Academy St., was discharged this morning from Lee Memorial and taken to the home of her parents. The child suffered a brain concussion in the accident that took the life of her grandfather, Grover Cunningham, 66, of the Emery Rd, Fulton, R.D. 4. The accident occurred at the intersection of Emery St. with the north sourth arterial. District Attorney John Murray, acting as coroner, has ruled the death accidental. Services for the victim will be at 9:30 a.m. Wednesday in the Young and Son funeral home and 10 a.m. in All Saints Episcopal church.
Newspaper Article - Tuesday, February 23, 1960 Palladium Times - Oswego, New York - Trial Underway in 3 Actions In Supreme Court - Shortly after court reconvened, Attorney George Valette of Fulton who represented the Cunninghams in the actions tried jointly last week against Edward Shampine, moved to have the awards made by the jury set aside on the ground that the amounts are insufficient. Justice Sullivan denied the motion. The verdicts in all nine actions totaled $9,227.25 of which $6,742.50 were for the Cunningham's and $2,485 for the Newton's. The total awards in the Cunningham actions included $930 for the estate of Grover Cunningham, who was killed in the accident from which the lawsuit stemmed. Mrs. Ann Cunningham, daughter in law of the deceased, was awarded $2,400 for injuries which she suffered while her daughters, Judith and Diane, received $900 each. Hubert Cunningham was allowed $1,362.25 as expenses in connections with his wife's injuries and $250 in connection with the injuries of his two daughters. Two other grandchildren of Grover Cunningham were also injured in the accident. They are Frederick Newton, who was awarded $1,200 for his injuries and his sister, Priscilla Newton, who was allowed $900. Their father, Frank Newton, was allowed $385 for expenses in connection with their injuries. To correct statements published Saturday that it was reported that $11,500 had been offerred prior to the trial as a settlement basis fo all the actions involved, Mr. Valette said the offer was only $6,500 or $2,727.25 less than the total awarded by the jury.
[S57] Ancestry Family Trees, (Name: Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members.;), Ancestry Family Tree.
[S560] New York, State Census, 1905, Ancestry.com, (Name: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.; Location: Provo, UT, USA; Date: 2014;), New York State Archives; Albany, New York; State Population Census Schedules, 1905; Election District: E.D. 01; City: Fulton Ward 02; County: Oswego; Page: 20.
[S552] U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918, Ancestry.com, (Name: Ancestry.com Operations Inc; Location: Provo, UT, USA; Date: 2005;), Registration State: New York; Registration County: Oswego; Roll: 1818707; Draft Board: 2.
[S1994] 1920 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (Name: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.; Location: Provo, UT, USA; Date: 2010;), Year: 1920; Census Place: Fulton Ward 5, Oswego, New York; Roll: T625_1253; Page: 7A; Enumeration District: 148; Image: 1137.
[S249] 1940 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (Name: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.; Location: Provo, UT, USA; Date: 2012;), Year: 1940; Census Place: Fulton, Oswego, New York; Roll: T627_2714; Page: 1B; Enumeration District: 38-16.
[S241] 1930 United States Federal Census, Ancestry.com, (Name: Ancestry.com Operations Inc; Location: Provo, UT, USA; Date: 2002;), Year: 1930; Census Place: Fulton, Oswego, New York; Roll: 1635; Page: 6A; Enumeration District: 0008; Image: 215.0; FHL microfilm: 2341369.
[S555] U.S., Find A Grave Index, 1600s-Current, Ancestry.com, (Name: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.; Location: Provo, UT, USA; Date: 2012;).


she's beautiful! my little girls love the picture, they are so intrigued by the eyes of the huskies. she's gorgeous.
And a beautiful caption to the work.
She is so beautiful, those are some gorgeous eyes she has. My son adores Husky's. We have a chihuahua and a pit mix, the chihuahua is the watch dog the pit mix is a very big, sweet and shy baby. She hides under a blanket most of the time. We rescued her six years ago.
Happy, Happy, Birthday to Maya, she is so, so, so beautiful!!! I just love those beautiful eyes! She's a looker for sure. he he he he!! Thanks for your very kind words and well wishes.
A very happy birthday to you Maya from all of us and a sniffy tailwag from Cosmo! You are SO beautiful, your eyes are mesmerizing, I hope we get to meet you someday!
She is! We found her at the SPCA at 6 months old. We had had Samoyeds before, so we were familiar with the antics of the northern breeds, but she is so docile it's amazing! One nice feature– she doesn't run off… she's a homebody like me.


I have my navman fishfinder for sale perfect working order, comes with power leads, through hull transducers speed and depth, I know are no good for ribs but might be able to use them !! Open to offers as it's sat in my garage for months !!
All times are GMT -5. The time now is 22:58.


As part of World Autism Awareness Day, established by the United Nations in 2008, the Foundation Autism Luxembourg (FAL) has planned a series of conferences and other events for 2 and 3 April 2019.
In the context of World Autism Awareness Day (WAAD), Luxembourg City will host three major events, organised by the FAL, next month. Firstly, the "Light It Up Blue" action, taking place on WAAD itself, is a campaign dedicated to raising awareness of autism and was launched in 2010 by Autism Speaks, an American association. The action consists of illuminating buildings or statues in blue, from 30 March to 5 April 2019, or even longer, as a sign of solidarity.
The three associations working for the cause of autism in Luxembourg, namely Autisme Luxembourg asbl, APPAAL asbl and FAL come together every year to organise this action. Last year, nearly fifty buildings supported the cause. Other ways to show support for autism acceptance month include dressing up in blue or organising a fundraising event.
This year's WAAD will also see information stands from Autisme Luxembourg asbl, APPAAL asbl and FAL in Places d'Armes in Luxembourg City, from 10:00 to 18:00. Visitors to the stands will obtain information on autism as well as have the chance to interact with the different stakeholders. The event aims to increase understanding of autism in order to achieve the full inclusion of autistic people in society, the full respect of their rights as outlined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the removal of barriers preventing autistic people from taking part in education. The stands will feature a blue photo box where visitors can take a selfie with a blue tinge, to share on social media.
The FAL is also organising a conference entitled "Transition into adulthood: what difficulties arise?" The event will take place 3 April 2019 at the Banque de Luxembourg in Luxembourg City, from 20:00. Speaking at the conference will be Silke Lipiniski, who will discuss the particular challenges during the transition phase from adolescent to adulthood for persons with autism. Entry is free.
It is estimated that 6,000 people are on the autism spectrum in Luxembourg. Most of them experience widespread discrimination in many fields of their lives as well as social exclusion. The FAL offers children, teenagers, and adults with autism (and their families) various psycho-paedagogical services, including diagnosis and assessment, a day centre, long-stay accommodation, leisure opportunities, parental support and other training. The FAL's five residencies house 32 beneficiaries, who live and receive 24/7 assistance throughout the year by nurses, psychologists and education specialists.
To further support these actions, make a donation to the account: BIC: BCEELULL, IBAN: LU81 0019 5255 3817 4000 with "Light It Up Blue" in the communication. All donations to FAL are tax deductible.


text:
Base ten decimal system signed integer number 24 converted to signed binary in two's complement representation
24(10) = 1 1000(2)
The least number that is a power of 2 and is larger than the actual length so that the first bit (leftmost) could be zero is: 8.
4. Positive binary computer representation on 8 bits - if needed, add extra 0s in front (to the left) of the base 2 number, up to the required length:
24(10) = 0001 1000
Number 24, a signed integer, converted from decimal system (base 10) to a signed binary two's complement representation:
24 = 0001 1000 Jul 17 23:18 UTC (GMT)
95,944 = 0000 0000 0000 0001 0111 0110 1100 1000 Jul 17 23:16 UTC (GMT)
11,001,100,110,011 = 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1010 0000 0001 0110 0100 1010 1010 0000 1000 1011 1011 Jul 17 23:05 UTC (GMT)
10,011,110 = 0000 0000 1001 1000 1100 0001 1110 0110 Jul 17 23:01 UTC (GMT)


text:
United News Of India 1
Rahul to address election meeting in Bengal on Saturday
National Politics Cities United News of India Newswire
Kolkata, March 22 -- Congress president Rahul Gandhi is set to address a public rally at Chanchol in Malda district of West Bengal on Saturday, which is likely to give a big push to his party's Lok Sabha campaign.
"The Chief Electoral Officer (CEO) of Bengal has granted permission for the rally of Mr Gandhi at Kolom Bagan ground in Chanchal on March 23," state Congress leader Amitava Chakraborty said. Mr Gandhi, who is coming to Bengal for the first time in 2019, will address what the party expects to be a large gathering at Kolom Bagan ground.
The area comes under Malda North Lok Sabha constituency, a traditional Congress bastion. He is expected to reach the rally ground at around 1500 hours.
All the senior Congress leaders, includin...


Assisting the Senior Lawyers and Fee Earners, you well be assisting on a large foreign language contract due diligence project. You must be comfortable working with little supervision, although full training on the specifics of the case will be provided.
The ideal candidate will ideally have document review experience and must be educated to degree level.
You must also be comfortable working to deadlines. In return, my client is offering a generous hourly rate and exposure to complex, high level work.
In order to be considered for this role, you must be available to begin a new assignment immediately and have no significant annual leave booked for the foreseeable future.


-Replace engine oil, filter and drain plug washer.
Coupon not valid with any other offer & does not apply to prior purchases. Must present coupon at time of purchase. Limit one coupon per person. Other restrictions may apply. Void where prohibited. Full Synthetic oil additional. Coupon code DDA1.


Contact Jacksonville, Florida Divorce Attorneys, Wood Atter & Wolf, P.A.
Do not send us confidential information related to you or your company until you speak with one of our attorneys and get authorization to send that information to us. Any information you do send to us through Internet email through this site is not secure and is done so on a non-confidential basis and does not constitute or create an attorney-client relationship. We accept clients only after a conflicts resolution process has been cleared, and a written agreement on representation has been agreed to by the prospective client and David A. Wolf.


ALBANY, GA (WALB) - The Deerfield-Windsor Knights will be in comfortable territory Friday night when they host the GISA state semifinals.
In fact, this senior group has never not been to the state semis.
As for success there, that's a different story.
The Knights bowed out of the state playoffs in the final four each of the past two seasons.
They welcome John Milledge to Webb Memorial Stadium this Friday night, all with the goal of advancing back to the state championship game.
"The last couple years, our kids haven't gotten past this step, and we want to get past this step and get to that game next week, and really have some fun," says DWS head coach Allen Lowe. "Right now, we're all going to be focused, and every kid is looking to do better than we have the last few years."
The Knights kick off against JMA Friday at 7:30 p.m.


text:
Under the Sticks: Holley talks Munster close call and Saracens test
Andy Baber
All eyes will be focused on Europe this weekend as Guinness PRO14 teams resume their assault on the Champions Cup and Challenge Cup with some tantalising match-ups.
With that in mind, the latest Under the Sticks podcast gets the lowdown on what to expect from the Round 3 games from former Ospreys coach and Premier Sports analyst Sean Holley.
Holley highlights the visit of reigning European champions Saracens to Munster, who lost to the English outfit in their semi-final last season, as the encounter he is looking forward to most.
He also discusses how he nearly joined the Irish province after receiving a call from former coach Anthony 'Axel' Foley, who sadly passed away in October 2016.
And Holley, who expects the Thomond Park faithful to provide Munster with the edge against Saracens, admits it was one of the hardest decisions he ever made to turn down Foley.
"Axel was a great bloke, we all miss him," he said. "You should never have regrets in life but he phoned me once to go and be the attack coach at Munster and I couldn't go for family reasons.
pic.twitter.com/QOHNClrdPD
— Under The Sticks (@UnderTheStix) December 4, 2019
"I would have loved to have worked with Axel, he epitomises everything Munster is about. I think Saturday, a European evening, 5.30pm kick off in Munster, is what it's all about.
"I've been there [Thomond Park] for pool matches, I've been there for quarter-finals and they are electric, it's the sort of environment you want to be involved in.
"And Saracens, you have to say, in adversity are the team to go over there. If they've got something to prove, their backs are up because of all the publicity then Munster need to be aware.
"But there is no more difficult place to go in European rugby than Munster, they have that extra man, they have that crowd and it gets to you.
"You can't even chew your chewing gum when someone is taking a kick as someone will turn around and say 'shush' and the Saracens fans will get that – but it's definitely game of the week.
"With my Celtic hat on, with my Guinness PRO14 hat on, I would love to see Munster win it but I think this one could go down to the wire."
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Going into more detail about his decision not to join Munster, Holley said everyone only ever had good things to say about Foley and that he felt bad for letting him down.
"It's like turning Man United down, you feel you should go, you feel you have to go but I had a young family and I was pretty set with the Ospreys," he continued.
"You shouldn't have regrets, hindsight is a wonderful thing and I would have loved to have done it.
"I taught Aled Walters many, many years ago who went on to be the conditioning coach at Munster and was now the Springboks' conditioning coach.
"Talking to him, he said it was a magical part of his time but it wasn't meant to be for me. Everything happens for a reason but the conversation is a difficult one.
"Axel was the type of bloke you just didn't want to let down. That was regretful but I'll raise a glass a Guinness for him this weekend and let's hope the Munstermen can do it."
Cardiff City Stadium will play host to the 2020 Guinness PRO14 Final on June 20 as one of the most exciting days in the club rugby calendar comes to Wales!
General sale tickets are available from http://bit.ly/PRO14Cardiff2020 and prices start at just £13 for concessions and £26 for adults (subject to booking fees), that's a 15% early bird discount. Family ticket (2 adults / 2 children) prices begin at £64 and fans are encouraged to buy early to get the best value tickets.


text:
4,000 green jobs coming to Fremont
by Ryan Jaroncyk, published Sep 7, 2009
As a result of a $500 million federal loan, Solyndra could hire up to 4,000 workers for its solar panel plant in Fremont. Governor Schwarzenegger is hailing the subsidy as a triumph for job creation, green energy, and Obama's stimulus package. However, the solar market faces multiple challenges. Start up costs for solar energy companies are extremely high, and loans are difficult to obtain due to a tight credit market. Demand for solar energy may also be insufficient to produce a thriving boom due to relatively low oil prices, at least in the near-term. Finally, Solyndra may find it difficult to compete once the federal subsidy expires.
Other issues come to mind as well. By granting Solyndra a massive subsidy, the Federal Government is denying assistance and investment capital to a host of other, struggling businesses in California. Is this fair? And what about Solyndra's competition? It will be forced to fund its own start up capital in order to compete in the energy market. Is this really fair?
And what about accountability? Do California and the Federal Government plan on implementing specific benchmarks to measure success along the way? Or, is this more of an open-ended commitment without strict oversight?
Ryan Jaroncyk
Ryan Jaroncyk is an editor and contributing author for IVN. Ryan was born and raised in San Diego, and earned a Bachelor's Degree in Government from Claremont McKenna College. He is a registered Independent who leans libertarian on most issues.


text:
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The baryonic Tully-Fisher relation (BTFR) is an empirical scaling relation for disk galaxies involving the baryonic (i.e., non-dark) mass $M_b$ and the rotational velocity $v$ of stars. It is observed that
\begin{equation} \label{eq:BTFR1}
\frac{M_b}{v^x} = \text{const.}
\end{equation}
where the exponent $x$ (the slope of the relation in log-log space) is usually found to lie between $3$ and $4$. There is an extensive literature which uses astronomical data to calibrate the relation and estimate $x$. See, for example, \cite{mcgaugh00,bell01,verheijen01,mcgaugh05,geha06,gurovich10,mcgaugh10,torresflores11,mcgaugh12}.

In the relation \eqref{eq:BTFR1}, the rotational velocity $v$ is determined by the total gravitating mass (baryonic and dark) while $M_b$ accounts for the baryonic matter only. Thus, the BTFR provides a link between the baryonic and dark matter and may have something to say about the viability of various theories of dark matter.

In this paper we discuss the BTFR in the context of a theory of wave dark matter. Wave dark matter \cite{bray13b,bray12,bray13a,bray14,parry12b,parrythesis} has been investigated under other names such as scalar field dark matter (SFDM) \cite{guzman00,guzman04,magana12,suarez14,sahni00} and boson star dark matter or Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC)  dark matter \cite{seidel90,sin94,ji94,lai07,matos07,sharma08,urenalopez10}. The difference in names comes from a difference in motivations, but the underlying equation is the Klein-Gordon wave equation \eqref{eq:ekg2} for a scalar field.

In spherical symmetry, there are simple ``static states'' of wave dark matter (see \cref{fig:0,fig:1,fig:10,fig:100} at the end of the paper). Sin proposed in \cite{sin94} that each galactic dark matter halo corresponds (in a first approximation) to one of these static states. If we take this suggestion as a starting point, a natural concomitant idea is that the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation might arise because a corresponding ``Tully-Fisher-like'' relation holds for the wave dark matter halos. This Tully-Fisher-like relation would hold because of the nature of wave dark matter. The fundamental question we ask in this paper is whether the equations of wave dark matter have the potential to give rise to such a Tully-Fisher-like relation (see \cref{q:tfscalingsimprecise} on \cpageref{q:tfscalingsimprecise}). We answer this question in the affirmative and exhibit two boundary conditions, which could be physical conditions imposed at the edge of each wave dark matter halo, that give rise to just such a Tully-Fisher-like relation. The boundary conditions are as follows:
\begin{description}[style=multiline,leftmargin=1.5cm]
\item[BC1:] Fixing a length scale at the outer edge of halos implies a Tully-Fisher-like relation with slope $4$. This is a more general version of a result from a previous paper \cite{bray14}.
\item[BC2:] Fixing the dark matter density at the outer edge of halos implies a Tully-Fisher-like relation with slope $3.4$.
\end{description}
The remainder of this paper runs as follows: In \cref{sec:ssss} we introduce the spherically symmetric static states and their scaling properties. In \cref{sec:numerical} we exhibit \textbf{BC1} and \textbf{BC2} numerically, and in \cref{sec:theoretical} we derive \textbf{BC1} and \textbf{BC2} theoretically. In \cref{sec:other_scalings} we describe other conditions one might impose which do not lead to Tully-Fisher-like relations. Finally in \cref{sec:conclusion} we briefly discuss the connection between a Tully-Fisher-like relation for wave dark matter halos and the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation.

\section{The Spherically Symmetric Static States} \label{sec:ssss}
The equations underlying the theory of wave dark matter are the Einstein-Klein-Gordon (EKG) equations:
\begin{subequations} \label{eq:ekg}
\begin{align}
G &= 8\pi\left( \frac{df\tensor d\bar{f}+d\bar{f}\tensor df}{\Upsilon^2} - \left(\frac{\abs{df}^2}{\Upsilon^2}+\abs{f}^2\right)g\right) \label{eq:ekg1} \\
\Box_g f &= \Upsilon^2 f. \label{eq:ekg2}
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
(Throughout, we use geometrized units in which the universal gravitation constant and the speed of light are unity: $G=c=1$.) Here $f$ is a complex scalar field representing the dark matter and $\Upsilon$ is a fundamental constant of nature. The relationship between $\Upsilon$ and the wave dark matter particle mass $m$ is
\begin{equation}
m = \frac{\hbar\Upsilon}{c} = \SI{2.09e-23}{eV}\left(\frac{\Upsilon}{\SI{1}{\ly^{-1}}}\right).
\end{equation}
In this paper for definiteness we use $\Upsilon=\SI{10}{\ly^{-1}}$, which is consistent with constraints from other studies \cite{hu00,bray13a,suarez14}.

Because we are interested in studying galactic dark matter halos, most of which are thought to be approximately spherically symmetric, we study the EKG equations in spherical symmetry. The spacetime metric we will use is
\begin{equation} \label{eq:metric}
g = -e^{2V(t,r)}\,dt^2 + \Phi(t,r)^{-1}\,dr^2 + r^2(d\theta^2 + \sin^2\phi\,d\phi^2)
\end{equation}
where $\Phi(t,r)=1-\frac{2M(t,r)}{r}$. In the non-relativistic limit, the functions $V(t,r)$ and $M(t,r)$ have natural interpretations as the gravitational potential at time $t$ and radius $r$ and the total mass contained inside a ball of radius $r$ at time $t$. The simplest solutions to \cref{eq:ekg} in the metric \eqref{eq:metric} are the \emph{spherically symmetric static states}, which are of the form
\begin{equation} \label{eq:staticansatz}
f(t,r)=F(r)e^{i\omega t}.
\end{equation}
Substituting the ansatz \eqref{eq:staticansatz} into \cref{eq:ekg} and using \cref{eq:metric}, we obtain (see \cite{parrythesis}) the relatively simple system of ODEs
\begin{subequations} \label{eq:ekgode}
\begin{gather}
M_r = 4\pi r^2\cdot\frac{1}{\Upsilon^2}\left[ \left(\Upsilon^2+\omega^2e^{-2V}\right)F^2 + \Phi F_r^2\right]\label{eq:ekgodeM} \\
\Phi V_r = \frac{M}{r^2} - 4\pi r\cdot\frac{1}{\Upsilon^2}\left[ \left(\Upsilon^2-\omega^2 e^{-2V}\right)F^2 - \Phi F_r^2 \right] \label{eq:ekgodeV} \\
F_{rr} + \frac{2}{r} F_r + V_rF_r + \frac{\Phi_r}{\Phi}F_r = \Phi^{-1}\left(\Upsilon^2-\omega^2e^{-2V}\right)F \label{eq:ekgodeF}
\end{gather}
\end{subequations}
which can be integrated on a computer. Here the functions $M(r),V(r),F(r)$ are functions of $r$ only, and the only dependence on $t$ appears in \cref{eq:staticansatz}.

In the non-relativistic limit the solutions of \eqref{eq:ekgode} are indistinguishable from the solutions of the even simpler system of ODEs
\begin{subequations} \label{eq:psode}
\begin{align}
M_r &= 4\pi r^2\cdot 2F^2 \label{eq:psodeM} \\
V_r &= \frac{M}{r^2} \label{eq:psodeV} \\
\frac{1}{2\Upsilon}\left(F_{rr} + \frac{2}{r} F_r\right) &= (\Upsilon-\omega+\Upsilon V)F. \label{eq:psodeF}
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
This system is the Poisson-Schr\"odinger (PS) system written in spherical symmetry. Here we have a special case of the well-known fact that the PS system is the non-relativistic limit of the EKG system---see \cite{giulini12}. From here on in this paper we work exclusively with the simpler PS system \eqref{eq:psode} because we are interested in wave dark matter in galaxies which are, considered as an aggregate, non-relativistic systems.

Finite-mass solutions to \cref{eq:psode} come in the form of ground states and excited states. It was proposed in \cite{sin94} that each galactic dark matter halo corresponds (in a first approximation) to one of these states. In \cref{fig:0,fig:1,fig:10,fig:100} we display some representative graphs of solutions so that the reader can get a sense of what they look like, and refer the reader to a previous paper \cite{bray14} for more examples. We assign each solution a non-negative integer $n$ which counts the number of zeros (nodes) of $F$. A ground state has $n=0$; excited states have $n\geq 1$. Any solution can be given as a quadruple $(\omega;M,V,F)$ consisting of the constant $\omega$ followed by the three functions $M(r)$, $V(r)$, and $F(r)$. It is easily verified that if $(\omega;M,V,F)$ is a solution, then so is $(\omega+\Upsilon\Vtil;M,V+\Vtil,F)$. We use this freedom to shift every potential function $V(r)$ so that it approaches zero at infinity.

For each static state there is a special value of $r$ which we refer to as $\RDM$ and which we think of as the edge of the dark matter halo. Mathematically, $\RDM$ is the particular value of $r$ at which the function $F(r)$ switches from oscillatory to exponentially decreasing behavior. Looking at \cref{eq:psodeF}, we see that $\RDM$ satisfies the equation $\Upsilon-\omega +\Upsilon V(\RDM)=0$. Thus we make the following definition:

\begin{definition} \label{def:rdm}
Given any spherically symmetric static state we define $\RDM$ to be the radius at which the function $F$ switches from oscillatory to exponential behavior. It satisfies the equation
\begin{equation} \label{eq:rdm}
\Upsilon-\omega +\Upsilon V(\RDM)=0.
\end{equation}
We regard $r=\RDM$ as the edge of the dark matter halo because almost all the dark matter is contained in the region $r\leq\RDM$. See \cref{fig:0,fig:1,fig:10,fig:100}.
\end{definition}

It is well-known that solutions to the PS system \eqref{eq:psode} have certain scaling properties. Specifically, for $\alpha,\beta>0$, we can scale any given solution as follows:
\begin{subequations} \label{eq:psscalings}
\begin{align}
\bar{r} &= \alpha^{-1}\beta^{-1} r \\
\bar{M} &= \alpha\beta^{-3} M \\
\bar{V} &= \alpha^2\beta^{-2} V \\
\bar{F} &= \alpha^2 F \\
\bar{\Upsilon} &= \beta^2\Upsilon \label{eq:mu} \\
(\bar{\Upsilon}-\bar{\omega}) &= \alpha^2(\Upsilon-\omega)
\end{align}
\end{subequations}
and obtain a new solution. These scalings can be derived immediately from \cref{eq:psodeM,eq:psodeV,eq:psodeF}. Note that $\beta$ effectively controls the fundamental constant of nature $\Upsilon$ and $\alpha$ can be used to control the ``peakedness'' of the solution. States which are more compact have higher mass; states which are more spread out have lower mass. In \cref{fig:scalings} we show the effect of scaling a ground state using values of $\alpha$ near $1$. It follows from these scalings that having fixed $\Upsilon$, there is a one-parameter family of static states of order $n$. Once we fix a further characteristic of the solution, a static state is uniquely determined for each $n$, giving us a sequence of static states. We call this ``fixing a scaling'' or ``imposing a scaling condition''.

\input{scalings.tikz}

\section{Tully-Fisher Scalings and Boundary Conditions: Numerical Evidence} \label{sec:numerical}
The basic question we are asking in this paper is:
\begin{question} \label{q:tfscalingsimprecise}
Are there are any scaling conditions for which the sequence of static states $n=0,1,2,\ldots$ obeys a Tully-Fisher-like relation
\begin{equation}
\frac{M}{v^x} = \text{constant}
\end{equation}
for some $3\leq x\leq 4$?
\end{question}
We need to make this question more precise, as it is unclear above what $M$ and $v$ are, exactly, given a particular static state. Astrophysicists attempting to calibrate the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation are faced with a similar problem. In that case, $M$ is an estimate for the total baryonic mass. For $v$, some take it to be the maximum observed velocity; some take it to be an average velocity computed in some well-defined way; some take it to be the velocity observed at a particular (arbitrarily chosen) radius. It is well-known that the rotation curves of many spiral galaxies are somewhat flat, and in this case any of these three choices will produce similar values for $v$.

We have chosen to take $M=M(\RDM)$ and $v=v(\RDM)$. This latter quantity is the circular velocity which would be observed for objects orbiting at $r=\RDM$. This is computed in the standard Newtonian way:
\begin{equation} \label{eq:rotationcurvecalc}
\frac{v(r)^2}{r} = \frac{M(r)}{r^2} \qquad\Longrightarrow\qquad v(r) = \sqrt{\frac{M(r)}{r}}.
\end{equation}
Perhaps a more natural choice for $M$ would be $M_\infty=\lim_{r\to\infty} M(r)$, i.e. the total mass of the static state. But $M(\RDM)\approx M_\infty$ since $\RDM$ is by definition the ``outer edge'' of the halo (see \cref{fig:0,fig:1,fig:10,fig:100}), so it does not really matter which we choose. Similarly, another natural choice for $v$ would be $v_{\text{max}}$, the maximum value of the function $v(r)$. But again, by examining \cref{fig:0,fig:1,fig:10,fig:100}, one can see that $v(\RDM)\approx v_{\text{max}}$. Thus, the following more precise version of \cref{q:tfscalingsimprecise} seems reasonable:
\begin{question} \label{q:tfscalingsprecise}
Are there are any scaling conditions for which the sequence of static states $n=0,1,2,\ldots$ obeys a Tully-Fisher-like relation
\begin{equation} \label{eq:tfscalingsprecise}
\frac{M(\RDM)}{v(\RDM)^x} = \text{constant}
\end{equation}
for some $3\leq x\leq 4$?
\end{question}

Now, in one sense the answer to \cref{q:tfscalingsprecise} is a trivial ``yes'', for we can just pick any $x$ we like and let \cref{eq:tfscalingsprecise} itself be the scaling condition. However, this is obviously cheating; we are interested in scaling conditions which might correspond to something physical. In fact, we have found two conditions that we consider to be more physical. These were given in \cref{sec:intro} along with the Tully-Fisher-like relations thay imply. We restate them here more precisely:
\begin{description}[style=multiline,leftmargin=1.5cm] \label{bcs}
\item[BC1:] Fixing a length scale at $\RDM$ implies a Tully-Fisher-like relation with slope $4$.
\item[BC2:] Fixing $\abs{F(\RDM)}$ implies a Tully-Fisher-like relation with slope $3.4$.
\end{description}

With regards to \textbf{BC1}, we should explain what ``fixing a length scale'' means. We postpone a full explanation to \cref{sec:theoretical} and limit ourselves here to an explanation which involves what we term the ``halflength'' of a state, defined as follows:
\begin{definition} \label{def:halflength}
The $F(r)$ function for any static state has an exponentially decreasing ``tail'' lying to the right of $\RDM$. There is some $R>\RDM$ such that $F(R)=\frac12 F(\RDM)$; we refer to $R-\RDM$ as the \emph{halflength} of the state.
\end{definition}
Requiring the halflength of all states to be the same is one way to fix a length scale at $\RDM$. We refer the reader to \cref{sec:theoretical} for full details.

With regards to \textbf{BC2} note that, by \cref{eq:psodeM}, $\abs{F}$ determines the density of the wave dark matter. This explains why in \cref{sec:intro} we referred to ``fixing the dark matter density'' in \textbf{BC2}.

It remains in this section to show numerically that \textbf{BC1} and \textbf{BC2} really do give Tully-Fisher-like relations with the stated slopes. We used a computer to derive particular static state solutions for $n=0,1,\ldots,800$ and then scaled these solutions in accordance with \cref{eq:psscalings} so that, first, they all had the same halflength, and second, so they all had the same value for $\abs{F(\RDM)}$. (The precise values for the halflength and $\abs{F(\RDM)}$ were chosen so that the resulting static states would be of reasonable sizes to be representing galactic halos.) The results are shown in \cref{fig:tfscalings}, in which we have plotted $M(\RDM)$ vs. $v(\RDM)$ in log-log space. For large $n$, the static states form a line with the stated slope. (For small $n$, the states deviate slightly from the correct slope. This will be explained in \cref{sec:theoretical}.)

\input{tfscalings.tikz}

\section{Tully-Fisher Scalings and Boundary Conditions: Theoretical Derivations} \label{sec:theoretical}

In this section we wish to explain theoretically why the statements made in \textbf{BC1} and \textbf{BC2} are true. We have already exhibited their truth numerically in \cref{fig:tfscalings}.

Both statements involve boundary conditions which fix some aspect of the solutions to the PS system \eqref{eq:psode} around the point $r=\RDM$. We can approximate the solutions around $\RDM$ by using a linear approximation for $V(r)$:
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Vapprox}
\begin{split}
V(r) &\approx V(\RDM) + V'(\RDM)(r-\RDM) \\
&= V(\RDM) + \frac{M(\RDM)}{\RDM^2}(r-\RDM)
\end{split}
\end{equation}
for $r\approx\RDM$. Substituting this approximation for $V$ into \cref{eq:psodeF} and using \cref{eq:rdm}, we find that for $r\approx\RDM$, $F(r)$ approximately solves the differential equation
\begin{equation*}
F_{rr} + \frac{2}{r}F_r = \frac{2\Upsilon^2M(\RDM)}{\RDM^2}(r-\RDM)F.
\end{equation*}
Multiplying through by $r$, we can write this differential equation as
\begin{equation} \label{eq:airyforrF}
(rF)_{rr} = \frac{2\Upsilon^2M(\RDM)}{\RDM^2}(r-\RDM)(rF).
\end{equation}
Compare this to the Airy differential equation $y''=xy$ whose general solution is a linear combination of the two standard functions $\Ai(x)$ and $\Bi(x)$. Both $\Ai(x)$ and $\Bi(x)$ oscillate for negative $x$ and have exponential behavior for positive $x$. The function $\Ai(x)$ is shown in \cref{fig:airy}. It exponentially decreases to zero for $x>0$, whereas the function $\Bi(x)$ (not shown) exponentially increases for $x>0$.

\input{airy.tikz}

Looking at \cref{eq:airyforrF}, we see that for $r\approx\RDM$, $rF$ approximately solves an equation of the form $y''=a(x-x_0)y$. The general solution to this differential equation is $A\cdot\Ai(a^{1/3}(x-x_0))+B\cdot\Bi(a^{1/3}(x-x_0))$. Since $F$ exponentially decreases for $r>\RDM$, we must have, therefore,
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Fapproxprop}
F(r) \mathrel{\propto} \frac{1}{r} \Ai\left[\left(\frac{2\Upsilon^2M(\RDM)}{\RDM^2}\right)^{1/3}(r-\RDM)\right]
\end{equation}
for $r\approx\RDM$. If we choose the proportionality constant in \cref{eq:Fapproxprop} so that the approximation has the correct value at $r=\RDM$, then we get
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Fapprox}
F(r) \approx F(\RDM)\frac{\RDM}{r} \frac{1}{\Ai(0)} \Ai\left[\left(\frac{2\Upsilon^2M(\RDM)}{\RDM^2}\right)^{1/3}(r-\RDM)\right]
\end{equation}
for $r\approx\RDM$.

\Cref{eq:Fapproxprop} demonstrates mathematically the truth of \textbf{BC1}. For up to a vertical scaling, the shape of $F(r)$ around $r=\RDM$ is given by the expression on the right side of \eqref{eq:Fapproxprop}. Thus, fixing a length scale around $r=\RDM$ evidently amounts to fixing the value of the constant
\begin{equation}
\frac{2\Upsilon^2M(\RDM)}{\RDM^2}.
\end{equation}
This argument explains why fixing a length scale is basically equivalent to fixing a value for the halflength (as we did in \cref{sec:numerical}) or to any of a number of other conditions which fix some length around $\RDM$ (for another example, see our previous paper \cite{bray14}). All such conditions are fixing a particular horizontal scaling of the expression in \cref{eq:Fapprox}.

Now, the rotation curve calculation \eqref{eq:rotationcurvecalc} shows that
\begin{equation} \label{eq:tfconstantatRDM}
\frac{\RDM^2}{M(\RDM)} = \frac{M(\RDM)}{v(\RDM)^4};
\end{equation}
since $\Upsilon$ is a constant (in this paper, $\Upsilon=\SI{10}{\ly^{-1}}$), we see that fixing a length scale is equivalent to fixing the constant in \cref{eq:tfconstantatRDM}. This explains why we get the Tully-Fisher-like relation shown in \cref{fig:tfscalings} with slope $4$. The approximation \eqref{eq:Fapproxprop} gets better for larger $n$ (see \cref{fig:0,fig:1,fig:10,fig:100}), which explains why in \cref{fig:tfscalings} the lower order static states deviate from the slope $4$ line.

To show the truth of \textbf{BC2}, we begin with the approximation \eqref{eq:Fapprox}. This expression contains the four numbers $\Upsilon$, $\RDM$, $M(\RDM)$, and $F(\RDM)$. These cannot all be independently chosen, for the static states effectively live in a 3-parameter space. (Recall the 2-parameter family of scalings \eqref{eq:psscalings}. A third parameter hiding there is the discrete parameter $n$, the order of the static state.) Thus, we should be able to find some relation between these four numbers. In fact, we will argue that
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Fscaling}
\abs{F(\RDM)} \approx 2^{-17/12}\Ai(0)\cdot\Upsilon^{1/6}M(\RDM)^{7/12}\RDM^{-17/12} \qquad\text{for large $n$}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
2^{-17/12}\Ai(0) \approx \num{0.133}
\end{equation}
This explains \textbf{BC2}, for then we see that fixing $\abs{F(\RDM)}$ amounts to fixing $M(\RDM)^7\RDM^{-17}$. By \cref{eq:rotationcurvecalc}, $\RDM = M(\RDM)v(\RDM)^{-2}$, so fixing $M(\RDM)^7\RDM^{-17}$ is equivalent to fixing $M(\RDM)^{-10}v(\RDM)^{34}=(M(\RDM)/v(\RDM)^{3.4})^{-10}$, i.e. equivalent to fixing
\begin{equation*}
\frac{M(\RDM)}{v(\RDM)^{3.4}}.
\end{equation*}

Our goal now is to derive \cref{eq:Fscaling} beginning with the approximation \eqref{eq:Fapprox}. We will utilize a well-known approximation for the Airy function $\Ai(x)$ for negative inputs:
\begin{equation} \label{eq:airyapprox}
\Ai(-x) \approx \frac{\sin\left(\frac23 x^{3/2}+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)}{\sqrt{\pi}x^{1/4}} \qquad\text{for $x>0$.}
\end{equation}
This approximation can be seen in \cref{fig:airy}. It is extremely good for $x>1$. We will also use the following definite integral, which is easily obtained:
\begin{equation} \label{eq:defint}
\int_0^L \frac{\sin^2\left(\frac23x^{3/2}+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)}{x^{1/2}}\,dx = L^{1/2} + O(1).
\end{equation}
The notation $O(1)$ is mathematical shorthand for a bounded function of $L$.

Using \cref{eq:psodeM,eq:Fapprox}, we have
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
M(\RDM) &= \int_0^{\RDM} 8\pi r^2F^2\,dr \\
&\approx \int_0^{\RDM} 8\pi\frac{F(\RDM)^2\RDM^2}{\Ai(0)^2}\Ai\left[-\left(\frac{2\Upsilon^2 M(\RDM)}{\RDM^2}\right)^{1/3}(\RDM-r)\right]^2\,dr \\
&= \int_0^{\RDM} 8\pi\frac{F(\RDM)^2\RDM^2}{\Ai(0)^2}\Ai\left[-\left(\frac{2\Upsilon^2 M(\RDM)}{\RDM^2}\right)^{1/3}r\right]^2\,dr. \\
\end{split}
\end{equation*}
We will temporarily abbreviate $\RDM=R$, $M(\RDM)=M$, $F(\RDM)=F$, $\Ai(0)=A$. Making the subsitution $x=\left(\frac{2\Upsilon^2 M}{R^2}\right)^{1/3}r$ and using the approximation \eqref{eq:airyapprox}, we obtain
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
M &\approx 8\pi\frac{F^2R^2}{A^2}\cdot\left(\frac{2\Upsilon^2 M}{R^2}\right)^{-1/3} \int_0^{(2\Upsilon^2MR)^{1/3}} \Ai(-x)^2\,dx \\
&\approx \frac{2^{8/3}}{A^2}\Upsilon^{-2/3}F^2R^{8/3}M^{-1/3} \int_0^{[2\Upsilon^2MR]^{1/3}} \frac{\sin^2\left(\frac23 x^{3/2}+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)}{x^{1/2}}\,dx. \\
\end{split}
\end{equation*}
Using the definite integral \eqref{eq:defint}, we obtain
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
M &\approx \frac{2^{8/3}}{A^2}\Upsilon^{-2/3}F^2R^{8/3}M^{-1/3}\left[(2\Upsilon^2MR)^{1/6} + O(1)\right] \\
&\approx \frac{2^{17/6}}{A^2} \Upsilon^{-1/3}F^2R^{17/6}M^{-1/6}.
\end{split}
\end{equation*}
(We dropped the $O(1)$ term because the other term dominates for large $n$.) Rearranging, we get
\begin{equation*}
F^2 \approx 2^{-17/6}A^2\Upsilon^{1/3}M^{7/6}R^{-17/6}.
\end{equation*}
Taking square roots gives us \cref{eq:Fscaling}, which completes the argument.

One might wonder how good the approximation \eqref{eq:Fscaling} is for small $n$. In \cref{fig:Fscaling} we have graphed the ratio
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Fscalingratio}
\frac{\abs{F(\RDM)}}{2^{-17/12}\Ai(0)\cdot\Upsilon^{1/6}M(\RDM)^{7/12}\RDM^{-17/12}}
\end{equation}
as a function of $n$. For the ground state ($n=0$), the ratio is approximately $\num{1.15}$, which is reasonably close to $1$, and for large $n$ the ratio is extremely close to $1$.

Combining \cref{eq:Fapprox,eq:Fscaling} gives the following approximation for the $F(r)$ function of a static state of order $n$. (By convention $F(0)$ is positive so the factor $(-1)^n$ is necessary.)
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Fapprox2}
F(r) \approx (-1)^n2^{-17/12}\Upsilon^{2/12}M(\RDM)^{7/12}\RDM^{-5/12}\cdot\frac{1}{r}\Ai\left[\left(\frac{2\Upsilon^2M(\RDM)}{\RDM^2}\right)^{1/3}(r-\RDM)\right]
\end{equation}
This approximation is shown in \cref{fig:0,fig:1,fig:10,fig:100}.

\input{Fscaling.tikz}

\section{Other Scaling Conditions} \label{sec:other_scalings}

The scaling conditions given in \textbf{BC1} and \textbf{BC2} are boundary conditions imposed at the edge of dark halos. The first imposes a horizontal scale on $F(r)$ and the second imposes a vertical scale. One might wonder whether there are any other scaling conditions which lead to Tully-Fisher-like relations. For example, what happens when we try the same thing at the center of the halo? To impose a horizontal scale on $F(r)$ at the origin, we can fix the location of the first node (for $n\geq 1$). To impose a vertical scaling, we can fix $\abs{F(0)}$. In \cref{fig:other_scalings} we show the results of imposing these two scaling conditions. Neither leads to a Tully-Fisher-like relation. In fact, besides \textbf{BC1} and \textbf{BC2} no other scaling condition we have tried leads to a Tully-Fisher-like relation.

\input{other_scalings.tikz}

\section{Conclusion} \label{sec:conclusion}
We have exhibited two boundary conditions, \textbf{BC1} and \textbf{BC2}, which we restate here once more in their more colloquial form from \cref{sec:intro}:
\begin{description}[style=multiline,leftmargin=1.5cm]
\item[BC1:] Fixing a length scale at the outer edge of spherically symmetric wave dark matter halos implies a Tully-Fisher-like relation with slope $4$.
\item[BC2:] Fixing the dark matter density at the outer edge of spherically symmetric wave dark matter halos implies a Tully-Fisher-like relation with slope $3.4$.
\end{description}
We gave both numerical evidence and theoretical arguments illustrating the truth of \textbf{BC1} and \textbf{BC2}. Our main goal in this paper has been to demonstrate that a Tully-Fisher-like relation can arise naturally out of the equations of wave dark matter.

To conclude we comment briefly on the connection between a Tully-Fisher-like relation for wave dark matter halos and the observed baryonic Tully-Fisher relation. Define the \emph{baryon fraction} of a galaxy to be the fraction of the galaxy's mass which is baryonic. If the baryon fraction were the same for every galaxy, then the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation would have the same slope as a Tully-Fisher-like relation for dark halos. However, it is observed that the baryon fraction of galaxies decreases with size. Small galaxies contain mostly dark matter, and only very large galaxies contain baryons in sufficient quantities to approach the cosmic baryon fraction, which is around $1/6$. This is known as the \emph{missing baryon problem} (see \cite{mcgaugh10}).

In $M$ vs. $v$ log-log space, when switching from plotting dark mass to baryonic mass, all galaxies shift vertically downward. The missing baryon problem implies that large galaxies shift less than small galaxies. Therefore, if the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation is related to a Tully-Fisher-like relation for dark halos, the former relation should have a steeper slope than the latter.

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\newpage
\printbibliography

\end{document}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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