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Home Columns Kibbles 'n' Bits Kibbles 'n' Bits 10/16/18: Man arrested at comic con for mistreating critters
Kibbles 'n' Bits
Kibbles 'n' Bits 10/16/18: Man arrested at comic con for mistreating critters
Heidi MacDonald
§ Nice Art: First second has announced BEST FRIENDS, a sequel to REAL FRIENDS, the best-selling middle grade GN by Shannon Hale and LeUyen Pham, and Romper had the cover reveal
Author Shannon Hale told Romper she wrote the books in part for her 9-year-old daughter, who "struggled with friendship," like basically every child and adult walking this good green Earth. She knew her daughter loved graphic novels, but the incredible reception that met the book showed that many, many readers loved that storytelling format. "The response to our book has knocked me off my feet. Immediately young readers were asking me and LeUyen Pham, 'But what happens next?' I couldn't stop thinking about the next — how as I got a little older, the rules of friendship seemed to change, and I was always trying to guess what those rules were and keep up," Hale says. "I can't wait to share this story with my now-11-year-old daughter and with everyone else too. There's real comfort in reading about other people's highs and lows, to know that they struggled too, we're not alone, and have hope that we'll get through it."
That cover is a very effective use of image and type!
§ If reading this here blog isn't enough for Heidi-lovers, you can listen to me rant and rave on David Harper's Off Panel #177 podcast! The cats were doing so many naughty things while I recorded this but you won't hear me yelling at them becuase I'm a pro!
§ It's just Marvel hype but they got Mariko Tamaki to pick some of her must read MArvel comics.
§ Area man writes graphic novel. Ezra Claytan Daniels gets the home town treatment in the Sioux CIty Journal, talking about his new GN Upgrade Soul (published by Lion Forge, a sister company of this site.)
"The story has seen life as an underground comic and an interactive comic book app before it became a graphic novel," he explained. "It's been like a security blanket I'd pull out of the closet." Daniels' interest in comic books started when he was a kid. At first, he'd read traditional "superhero" comic books while trying to mimic the drawing style of the artists. It wasn't until he was in middle school that Daniels discovered edgier neo-noir comic books like Frank Miller's "Sin City" that were far from typical DC/Marvel fare.
§ Speaking of must read, CBR has been running a user-chosen Top 100 Graphic Novels. and they're up to #20-16. This outing includes two by Miller – Love and War and Elektra Lives! – Stuck Rubber Baby, My Friend Dahmer and Smile. Good stuff. While I dread clicking through the ad-infested total list, at least they include large previews. That's a page from Love and War above and you just can't beat peak Sienkiewicz.
§ Well I was wrong that no one was talking about NYCC any more. Here's one fellow's
Con report and he had a marvelous time!
NYCC is a solid show. The organizers are proud of their event, and only want to offer the best for the fans. They make sure that there is something for everyone, and any complaints and concerns are answered. It is unfortunate that not everyone will be able to get a ticket, and fewer will be lucky enough to win the draws and the lotteries. But, in the end, it'll be hard-pressed to find something not to enjoy. Due to the sheer size of the show it's panels and experiences will be missed. But, with enough planning, this show can be optimized to fullest extent. Every year the show finds ways to make the experience brighter and more comfortable for the attendees. They change their guests, improve the ways tickets are sold, and manage the the entry system into the building so it's less of a hassle. It still has its faults, no convention is perfect, but more people leave the show with bags full of swag, smiles on their faces, and memories that will last. Their feet might hurt, and wallets will be lighter but everyone will leave with at least one epic story.
§ Also having a swell time at the con, hiphop legend Raekwon, who was attending a con for the very first time.
While the legendary Raekwon The Chef has experienced a great number of accomplishments, including proving that a sequel can indeed be up to par with the original, the Wu-Tang lyricist hasn't quite crossed off his entire bucket list yet. Ever the adventurous spirit, Raek recently took to the New York's Jacob Javits Center to experience his very first Comic-Con, though he ultimately neglected to cosplay. His exuberance is noted from the jump, as he seems to marvel at the "real, real, real stuff going on." Clearly, the man is excited. "Shout out my boy Alex Ross, man," says Raekwon, taking a moment to check out his homie's artwork. "He's a dope, dope artist you know?"
The result was a rather charming video from Nerdist.
§ Also charming the 'Hijab Heroes', women from around the east coast who cosplayed as the Avengers while wearing hijabs.
§ And con season is not over as this MICE preview reminds us. MICE is this weekend in Cambridge, MASS.
§ Not as nice, this bizarre story from Super Megafest Comic-Con in Framinham, MASS. It seems a man was showing off an alligator, a python and two tarantulas, and charging people to take photos with them. However, the animals were in "poor condition." The owner was arrested and the animals given to a trained herpetologists for proper care.
Every once in a while you hear about animal mistreatment at comic cons, and its very disturbing. It's not the place to bring animals to display.
§ Variety updates us on The Flash Movie, and along the way confirms yet again that neither Batfleck nor Cavill Superman will be back, although Ezra Miller will soldier on as the Flash. The Justice League movie, far from ushering in a shining era of peace and box office receipts for WB, was a one and done, it seems. But even the Flash movie is still in limbo and won't race into theaters until 2021.
Warner Bros. is pushing back the start of filming on the studio's still untitled standalone Flash film, sources tell Variety. The film never received a formal greenlight nor did it have a set release date, but it had been expected to begin shooting in March. However, a script is still being tweaked and the studio thinks that it won't have enough time to get the script in shape in order for the film to make its original start date. That's a problem, because Ezra Miller, the live-wire performer tasked with playing the Flash, also has a key supporting role in "Fantastic Beasts," the "Harry Potter" spin-off series. The third film in the franchise begins shooting in July, which would cause scheduling headaches. The standalone Flash film is now expected to commence production in late 2019. That likely means the superhero adventure won't debut in theaters until some time in 2021.
I've always thought it was a little odd that Miller was given starring roles in the TWO major WB tentpoles franchises. He must have a great agent and someone at WB must really like him.
§ Finally, despite all our thoughts and prayers, the Watchmen HBO series is coming and it has an Instagram and cryptic images will begin to flood our feeds.
A post shared by Watchmen (@watchmen)
Dave GIbbons was asked about Watchmen at NYCC and he said "Fine. I'm fine." No he didn't he said he'd read the first script and he liked it. So there's that.
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Heidi MacDonald is an award-winning editor/journalist with 20 years. An editor at Disney and DC Comics, she edited such titles as The Lion King, Scooby Doo, Swamp Thing, and Y: The Last Man. She cohosts Publishers Weekly's graphic novel podcast More to Come.
Kibbles 'n' Bits 1/11/21: Please consider helping artist Steve Lightle's family
Kibbles 'n' Bits 1/4/21: How to store your mini comics
JTL 10/22/2018 4:46 pm At 4:46 pm
I haven't seen it on one of your Kibbles and Bits, but Shannon Hale wrote an article in WaPo earlier this month about giving "girls' books" to boys. Only partially comics related, but definitely interesting, and definitely related to the deep gender pathology in comics culture. https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/parents-and-teachers-please-stop-discouraging-boys-from-reading-books-about-girls/2018/10/09/f3eaaca6-c820-11e8-b1ed-1d2d65b86d0c_story.html?utm_term=.a09f0c1cee80
King & Walta's VISION is the comic you need to read...
Marvel celebrates Darkhawk's 30th anniversary with DARKHAWK: HEART OF THE HAWK...
PREVIEW: The DC Universe Infinite digital comics service launches this week
INTERVIEW: How Narnia influenced GIRL HAVEN creator Lilah Sturges


I. The UpFront Mortgage Professional (UMP) primary fiduciary responsibility is to you, the client, in all processes of obtaining your UMP mortgage.
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6. Upon closing of the UMP loan transaction, you will receive your pre-paid appraisal and credit report fee back in full.
8. All UMPs guarantee the closing costs to you upfront. If at time of closing the amount due or owed is higher than the Upfront guarantee, the UMP will pay the difference out of their pocket to close the escrow as guaranteed.
9. All UMP's come with our exclusive "FREE RATE ROLL DOWN" after locking feature. Once you agree to lock your loan on the terms you choose, UMP will offer to re-lock your loan and get you a lower rate if one becomes available before your docs are drawn at NO COST or Re-Negotiation fee to you***. There will be no upfront processing or lock in fees on any UMP loan transaction and any extension fees incurred with no fault of you, the client will not be charged to you and absorbed by the UMP.
10. All UMP's will hold the certification and pass the mortgage education test administered by the MTG Professor before being allowed to transact business as an approved UMP. They will keep this designation in good standing and complete all continuing education classes to keep their UMP Certified designation.


Acellus Information Management I, taught by Todd Edmond, provides students with an introduction to how businesses use technology to manage immense amounts of data and develops general study skills for continuing education. Through historical context, extensive examples, and practice, students learn about the importance of making informed decisions based on data mining and analysis and the inquiry skills necessary to avoid pitfalls. This course develops communication skills while providing a firm foundation for students looking to excel in technology and management related advanced postsecondary degrees. Students will gain an understanding of using the Internet to promote a business and the responsibility that goes along with worldwide communications. Acellus Information Management I is A-G approved through the University of California.
Unit 1 – Managing Digital Information This unit focuses on the importance of computers in the 21st century and how information management has shifted from paper to digital formats. Students will develop analytical reading and writing skills through timed exercises requiring them to study several documents and then to compose a written response. Students will study the history of managing information in a business environment and how technology has changed that environment. Students develop research skills as they analyze the powers and pitfalls of the World Wide Web. Students apply reasoning and problem-solving skills to questions about the ethics of technology in the workplace and the appropriate use of Social Media. Through video and textual reading resources, students analyze concepts surrounding the pros and cons of "cloud" storage verses server storage systems. Students also learn the importance of academic and career connections. Unit 2 – Communicating Clearly In this unit students learn techniques and the benefits that come from clear communication. They develop general study skills by writing an essay requiring a thesis statement, documented proof and evidence from assigned documents, and a convincing conclusion. Students practice the various forms of communication with an emphasis on learning to customize communications based on the setting and target audience. Students analyze when it is appropriate to communicate with email verses printed letter and if there is any benefit to one over the other. Students discuss the value of formatting, proofing, editing, and using correct sentence structure. They experience the benefits of digital communications through the use of hyperlinks and websites. These skills lay foundations for major and minor studies at the university level. Formative and summative assessment is performed throughout this and all units in this course through quizzes, unit exams, and teacher-supervised activities. Unit 3 – Analyzing Table Information Students begin this unit with a discussion on the how the information about a business is important to its success or failure. Students will take part in analytical thinking exercises that will require them to choose and then defend a position on related topics. Students learn how day to day information relating to a business is often, and effectively, presented in a table. Students experience how to create a table, how to put text into a table, and how to sort data in that table. By using the table to make specific calculations, data can be analyzed by the students to make outcome predictions. When studying data presented in a table, students use problem-solving skills to identify and manipulate desired information. Students will demonstrate comprehension of table analysis as related to business finances, reports, and forecasting. In addition to quizzes and unit exams, students engage in debates and other activities to develop their oral and writing skills throughout this course. Unit 4 – Using Spreadsheets to Make Economic Choices In this unit students delve into the complexities of making sound economic choices. Through video and textual resources, students explore the versatility of using spreadsheets to format information to leverage successful decision making. Students will also engage in research requiring analytical reading skills to determine the three main ideas in each of a variety of assigned sources. Student learn how to format cells and columns, create formulas within cells, select, copy, move, or paste to best represent the information presented. Students are challenged to understand the benefits of different spreadsheet views and to hone their skills through data manipulation, formatting, and sorting exercises. Students are taught useful skills for postsecondary environments such as the ability to do scheduling, basic accounting, product sales, and the tracking of customer data within spreadsheets. Unit 5 – Data Mining and Analyzing Records This unit focuses on the basics of databases, data mining, and analyzing records while continuing to build general study skills. Students gain an understanding on the fundamental principles of creating a database and why putting information in a database is important. Students are introduced to database functions including queries. Students take part in research assignments that include verbal discussions or free response essays that will require analytical thinking. Students also practice analytical skills to determine the type of data mining to use in a query. Students will be presented with problems to solve in various database-related scenarios. Students discover how data mining can be used to find financial trends and patterns in the marketplace. Students are encouraged to use critical thinking in the formation of predictions relating to business data. Unit 6 – Building Effective Presentations In this unit students explore what makes a slide show presentation effective. Using critical thinking skills, students will analyze presentations looking at the number of slides, readability of font, simple wording, and good visual effects. Students will collaborate on group research assignments and build their communications skills through the creation of power point presentations and written outline. Presentations that use animated transitions and sounds and those that do not will be discussed and compared. Students oral and communication skills will be honed and challenged as they learn how to engage an audience with a presentation. Students learn to define the key components of effective presentations and how to deliver them. Unit 7 – Creating Effective Reports In this unit students gain a deeper knowledge how to create effective reports while the oral communications skills of the students will be strengthened through structured debate activity. Students are given opportunities to see how textual citations and footnotes are correctly used in creating good reports. The importance of accuracy and honesty in the creation of reports is stressed and discussed. Using critical and analytical thinking skills, students will be challenged to find solutions to problems cited in example reports. As operations expand to countries around the world, businesses are faced with customizing reports to new audiences and students will be exposed to these issues. Unit 8 – Using Design to Enhance Communication In this unit, students continue to advance their communications skills with further study on clear communication techniques. Students learn about the different types of document templates that are available to leverage business communications and keep things organized. Further debates with required reading and note taking will continue to develop speaking and listening skills as well as general study skills. Through video and textual resources, students gain an understanding of how to use itineraries and spreadsheets to keep a team organized and on target to reach goals. Also discussed are the benefits of knowing how to use applications and templates to create documents such as invoices, purchase orders, schedules, itineraries, and press releases. Using critical thinking and problem-solving skills, students can determine the types of forms and communication needed to make sure a clear message is being presented. Unit 9 – Managing Communications and Schedules Discussed in this unit are the benefits that come from scheduling properly and staying on top of important tasks. In a multi-part project geared for four days, students will use analytical thinking and study skills to create a presentation to share with the class. Students will be expected to produce a power point and outline adhering to specific parameters and to deliver a well-researched presentation lasting 10 to 15 minutes. Students learn about successful time management techniques and gain a working knowledge of managing contact list, emails, and meeting calendars. Students are also introduced to the various ways that digital information can be shared and the importance of keeping those communications secure. From these discussions, students compare and contrast various communication practices. Unit 10 – Creating Websites This unit introduces students to the design and creation of a successful website. They learn how websites can be a powerful tool in communicating business messages to a vast audience. Students are provided with several videos and textual resources to help them differentiate the components that go into creating a successful webpage. Student have opportunities to build skills in the business use of websites, including marketing, direct selling, research, communication, and collaboration. Students use critical thinking skills to determine the focus of a website, improve its usability through design and functionality, and optimize it for search engines. Students are given a knowledge of security issues and how to stay updated on the latest technical advances. Unit 11 – Becoming a Successful Digital Citizen In this unit students study the essential points of digital etiquette. Students learn the basic rules of respect in digital communicating via websites, videos, audio, text, and animation. Additional debate activity in this unit includes required reading and note taking which develop oral and listening skills. Students discover the laws that cover digital communication such as theft, plagiarism, and even cyber bullying. Security risks associated with digital commerce are presented to the students to give them opportunities to use problem-solving skills in finding solutions to common issues faced by business using e-commerce. The role of social media and the precautions that should be taken to protect personal information are also discussed. Unit 12 – Real-World Applications In this unit, students are presented with real-world scenarios to help them practice skills in using tables, calendars, slide presentations, managing contacts, spreadsheets, data mining, and report forms. Using critical thinking skills students get to determine what message should be communicated in each situation. Students demonstrate their understanding of data mining and using the data to create meaningful reports to communicate with a team. Students will be required to analyze a selection of reading assignments, further developing their analytical thinking skills. Throughout this and all units of this course, students will interact with computer-based video, diagrams, and assessments which provide opportunities to enhance their technology skills. Unit 13 – Introduction to Power Points (Proper Business Use) In this unit, students delve into the effective usage of Power Points. Students learn to develop a compelling presentation, modify that presentation to fit unique needs, and utilize the various views of the Power Point program. An emphasis is placed on acquainting students with the extended abilities of Power Point and their practical application. These include slide layouts and designs, tables, clip art, printing capabilities, speaker notes, hyperlinks, outlines, and handouts. From this foundation, student are required to use analytical thinking to identify effective business applications of the academic knowledge acquired. Finally, students compare and contrast the pros and cons of Power Point to determine its applicability and practicality in various scenarios.


Start your weekend off with a rejuvenating and grounding workshop focused on non-sexual connection with womxn and trans* folx. We'll be doing simple practices around mediation, yoga, eye gazing, hugging, massage and deep listening/expression. No zen experience necessary!


How could I not have ever noticed this before?!
When I got home from the farm, I headed to Micahael's to see what I could find to put into it. Lucky for me, there was a 70%-off rack containing some faux succulents! Total score!
Although my succulents came from Michael's, I've also seen succulents at the dollar store that would totally work for this project.
Amazon also has a really great deal on Assorted Succulents, which you can check out, here!
Real succulents would also work well, I just find that whenever I go away lately, my plants aren't very healthy when I get back, so I went with faux.
Next, I cut the stems off of most of my faux succulents, unless they had a helpful super bendy stem… I left those ones on to help with placement.
Then I started placing my succulents into the trough. I started in the middle and worked my way out towards each end.
When I got to the ends, I used a little bit of faux grass as filler.
This was such a fun and easy project, that I definitely recommend trying it!
MORE GREAT POSTS AND IDEAS TO READ!
This entry was posted in DIY & DECOR and tagged Chicken Feeder, DIY, Repurpose, Rustic Centerpiece, Rustic Decor, Succulents, Upcylce by Sarah. Bookmark the permalink.
Gostaria de saber porquê você cortou o caule da planta para plantá-la??


text:
juliasmidt
Feb 3, 2018, 5:18:10 PM
Why was the time period between 1865 and 1900 called the Gilded Age?
(1) Answers
It was named the guilded age because everything seemed "golden" or amazing and spectacular, but in reality that was just the outside. Inside there was much corruption and other bad happenings during the era. Btw guilded is like where something has a gold like exterior that makes it seem like gold, but inside it could be something as simple as a rock!! ( took APUS History last year)
The period from 1865 to 1900, known as the Gilded Age, was marked by?
The period from 1865 to 1900, known as the Gilded Age, was marked by A) economic recession an...
Why is the gilded age sometimes called an "age of extremes"?
Why is the prehistoric period called the Stone Age?
Compare and contrast the challenges and opportunities available to immigrants in the north and th...
why are the earliest period of human history is called the stone age?
What was the dangerous period of revalry between the United States and the Soviet Union called?
why was the middle kingdom called the golden age?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The philosopher Plato
The humanities include languages, literature, music, philosophy, politics, history, media, the classics, religion, and the visual and performing arts. Additional subjects sometimes included in the humanities are anthropology, area studies, communications and cultural studies, although these are often regarded as social sciences. It was popular in the Renaissance ages.
The arts are usually considered as part of the humanities. These include visual arts such as painting and sculpture, as well as performing arts such as theatre and dance, and literature. Other humanities such as language are sometimes considered to be part of the arts, for example as the language arts.
The humanities study the human condition and mostly use methods that are analytic, critical, or speculative and not as empirical as natural and social sciences.
The Humanities Association - UK
UK Humanities Hub Archived 2007-09-11 at the Wayback Machine
Australian Humanities Review
Australian Academy of the Humanities
Virginia Foundation for the Humanities
Mass Humanities / Massachusetts Foundation for the Humanities
Retrieved from "https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Humanities&oldid=7294280"


This week contained basically my two favourite 'public' days: Pancake Day and International Women's Day. I have come to treasure Pancake Day (should this be capitalised? It does feel like an occasion that deserves capital letters) as a sacred opportunity to eat pancakes for dinner (and breakfast and lunch if you want to be truly inspirational) without anyone questioning your nutritional choices. The best pancake topping is Nutella, strawberries and whipped cream. I will take no questions on this matter….


The Crucible module should be out in pdf today or tomorrow, and the Tome of Blighted Horrors is in layout. Greg has turned over the rest of the adventures to converters for finalization, and he is hard at work on the main book (its about 2/3 of the way through development).
Bear with us—I said Q3 so that I don't have to change it again. Editing this beast down to a manageable size is hard, and making sure it meshes with everything else Lost Lands is a tough job. We will get there, so keep the faith!
No excuses, we just bit off a bit more than we could chew (at least chew rapidly), and then lost 3 members of the project team to real life events. We have strategically reallocated resources to make this project a top priority (we moved Skeeter onto it full time to help Greg, and hired Steve Winter and moved Anthony Pryor over from another project to do 5e conversion ).
More news soon, we are firing on all 12 cylinders (yes, this one is a jaguar, its British after all) trying to get this done!
Wise1, davrion, and 14 more people like this update.
I agree with Allan MacKenzie-Graham, we're just eager for the final product.
So far, Bloody Jack looks great! I'll pick up a copy of Crucible soon for my next Castorhage fix.
Thanks guys--we really do try. This one has just been, well, rough. Seems like Mr. Murphy was involved at every stage.
I'm sure that any grumbling is due to how eagerly we are anticipating this book.
You guys are first rate. I know to trust any delays as unavoidable thanks to all your other successes. I'm soloing Coils of Set at the moment and thoroughly enjoying it.
Thanks for the update, Bill! Looking forward to The Crucible and Tome of Blighted Horrors!


text:
Q: Importing package with same base package name I have a large library I want to split up. There are packages:
hdx.data
hdx.facades
hdx.utilities
I want to move hdx.utilities to a separate project hdx-python-utilities (on PyPi) and then add it as a requirement to the project with the packages hdx.data and hdx.facades (hdx-python-api). The problem is that I get ImportError: No module named 'hdx.utilities' when doing from hdx.utilities.session import get_session in the project hdx-python-api.
Is there any way to make this work in both Python 3+ and 2.7 (without renaming the top level package name hdx in either of them) allowing both hdx-python-api and hdx-python-utilities to work in any project that installs them?

A: There are three ways of doing namespaced packages:

*

*Native (Python 3.3)

*pkgutil-style (Python 2 and 3, compatible to native)

*pkg_resources-style (incompatible to the above, deprecated, not recommended)

The recommended way of doing namespaced packages for Python 2 and 3 are pkgutil-style namespace packages:
You would create the following for hpx-python-api
setup.py
hpx/
    __init__.py     # namespace init, see content below
    data/
        __init__.py
        ...
    facades/
        __init__.py
        ...

and the following for hpx-python-utilities
setup.py
hpx/
    __init__.py     # namespace init, see content below
    utilities/
        __init__.py
        ...

The two __init__.py files for the namespace package needs to contain only the following:
__path__ = __import__('pkgutil').extend_path(__path__, __name__)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Irrigation Research Institute Roorkee (Uttarakhand).
(An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Organisation).
Maintenance of Miyar Hydro Electric Project.
Model Studies for "The Proection works on river Ganga in Distt. Ghazipur (U.P.)".
3D Model Studies for Spillway of Kanhar Dam across river Kanhar (U.P.).
Model Studies of SHP1 proposed at ch. 20670 m on Kachchh Branch Canal (Gujrat).
Model Studies of SHP2 proposed at ch. 40300 m on Kachchh Branch Canal (Gujrat).
Model Studies of SHP3 proposed at ch. 82300 m on Kachchh Branch Canal (Gujrat).
Model Studies for Erach multi-purpose Dam Project at Lalitpur, Jhansi(U.P.).
Model Studies Guiding River flow at Triveni Ghat in Rishikesh.
Model Studies for Earthen Bund over river Ganga at Allahabad.
Model Studies for the Flood Protection Works from River Ram Ganga in Distt. Moradabad (U.P.).
Measuring the Various Parameters in Meteorological Laboratory, Bahadrabad (Uttarakhand)..
Model Study for Cross Drainage Work at 30.750 Km. of Rapti Main Canal,(U.P.).
Model Study for Siting Rail Bridge across River Vashishtha (A.P.).
Model Study for Siting Rail Bridge across River Gothami (A.P.).
Model Study for Sedimentation & Flushing of Reservoir Lata Tapovan HE Project(Uttarakahnd).
Model Study for Desilting Chamber of Naitwar Mori HE Project, Uttarkashi (Uttarakhand).
Model Study for Barrage of Teesta Stage-VI HE Project (Sikkim).
3-D EHDA Model study for Syphon Aqueduct on Rapti Main Canal at various Scale.
Detailed Project Report (DPR) of Artificial Recharge to Ground Water in Aravali Region of Distt. Gurgaon (Haryana).
Block Shear Test (Rock to Rock & Rock to Concrete) for Vyasi HE Project, Dakpathar (Dehradun).
Unconfined Compressive Strenght Test (Rock Core) for Vyasi HE Project, Dakpathar (Dehradun).
Soil Testing for purposed Ramganga barrage (U.P.).
Field & Laboratory Test of Gagas Barrage, Ranikhet (Uttarakhand).
Calculate the Silt Factor for Various Soil Samples.
Calculate the Graddation Curve for Soil Samples.
A Manual titled "Using the tritium Isotope in Rivers and Canals for Different Studies".
A Manual titled "Aqifer Modelling".
Digitization Work related to Government Tubewells on "Map of Haridwar District".
Chemical Analysis of Various Samples of Cement Mortar.


Through the following methods, you can keep sundowner's syndrome to a minimum and provide comfort and relief for your loved one.
Of all the challenges that arise when a loved one has dementia, few are more terrifying for them or more difficult for you than sundowner's syndrome. Sometimes called "sundowning syndrome," this condition affects many with dementia during the evening. It's marked by feelings of confusion, aggression, and anxiety, as well as a tendency to ignore directions and pace or wander.
For the sake of their happiness and mental health, it's critical that you help them cope with this condition. Through the following methods, you can keep sundowner's syndrome to a minimum and provide comfort and relief for your loved one.
One of the simplest ways to help your loved one cope with sundowner's syndrome is to make their home environment as safe and comfortable as possible. Start by figuring out what temperature they prefer, and keep the AC or heater at that level. Then provide soft cushions and linens, and wash them on a regular basis.
Keep loud noises to a minimum, but if you have some calm, soothing music they like, put that on. These steps will ease your loved one's anxiety and allow them to feel safe under any circumstances.
Sundowner's syndrome is associated with low lighting, so you can keep it to a minimum by keeping your loved one's home well lit. Whenever it gets dark outside, draw the blinds and curtains and turn on lights inside their home.
Consider setting up a small nightlight in case they have to get up at night, though don't make it so bright that they won't be able to sleep.
Your loved one is especially likely to develop sundowner's syndrome if their sleep cycle is disrupted, so it's important to make sure they sleep according to a regular schedule. This means not just setting times for them to wake up and go to sleep, but also eliminating habits that make it harder for them to sleep.
Encourage them to eat smaller dinners, reserving larger meals for earlier in the day; likewise, don't let them take naps or consume sugar or caffeine after the early afternoon. Try to prevent them from watching TV late at night, as the bright colors and lights of a television can wake people up.
Any medical condition that prevents your loved one from sleeping well is likely to increase the severity of sundowner's syndrome. One such condition is a urinary tract infection, which can cause pain and force them to get up and use the restroom at night; both of these effects make it harder to sleep.
Another common issue is sleep apnea, which technically doesn't prevent your loved one from sleeping, but it does mean that they will not be as rested from the sleep they get. If you suspect your loved one has one of these health issues, take them to a doctor as soon as possible for diagnosis and treatment. The sooner they eliminate underlying problems like these, the easier it will be for them to deal with sundowner's syndrome.
As much as possible given the state of your loved one's health, encourage them to get out of their home and stay active during the day. This helps them deal with sundowner's syndrome on multiple fronts.
Physical activity stems memory loss from dementia, leading your loved one to be less confused during the evening. It has also been shown to reduce anxiety, including the anxiety of sundowner's syndrome. Finally, regular exercise will help your loved one sleep better, making it easier for them to follow a regular sleep schedule.
Although there is currently no cure for dementia, there are a number of therapies that can slow down your loved one's memory loss and help them cope with memory loss that does occur. These include art therapy, music therapy, and cognitive exercises, as well as therapy to promote your loved one's physical wellbeing.
These programs can help them connect with others and feel more engaged with the world around them. One-to-one support and group activities create opportunities for open expression and encourage relationship building.
Marjorie P. Lee offers a full suite of memory care therapies to help your loved one cope with the effects of dementia. For more information about coping with the effects of dementia, download our Dementia Guide or contact us. Dementia may be complicated and challenging, but we're here to help.


30+ Years in print and the creative space give us a unique perspective on the industry, how it works and how to help companies like you increase your sales and reduce your costs!
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text:
CURRENT REPORT PURSUANT
TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): November 29, 2005
CONTINENTAL AIRLINES, INC.
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation)
(Commission File Number)
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
1600 Smith Street, Dept. HQSEO, Houston, Texas
(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act
(17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act
(17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
Item 1.02 Termination of a Material Definitive Agreement.
On November 29, 2005, the Human Resources Committee (the "Committee") of the Board of Directors of Continental Airlines, Inc. (the "Company") terminated the Company's Officer Retention and Incentive Award Program (as amended, the "Program"). As a consequence of this termination, all of the previously granted awards, except for one award which the Company is prohibited from terminating under the terms of the Program, have been cancelled.
The Committee terminated the Program because the Program, in its current form, does not comply with newly enacted Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code and the related regulations recently proposed by the IRS. This non-compliance would give rise to adverse tax consequences to the Company and participants.
During 2000, the Company established the Program, which was designed to retain officers and encourage the Company's participation in more cost-effective distribution and marketing channels by allowing officers to participate in a portion of any gains that the Company realized in its e-commerce and internet investments. Under the Program, which allowed officers to share in approximately 25% of the appreciation of certain of the Company's internet-related investments, participants received phantom appreciation rights ("PARs") when the Company made investments in internet-related businesses. Each PAR was a right, which generally vested quarterly over a four-year period, to receive the difference, if any, between the market value of the applicable equity investment over the established base value (generally the cost of the investment). Payouts under the Program were made to the participants upon redemption and, if unvested, upon vesting.
None of the officers who are currently participating in the Program has any material relationship with the Company or its affiliates except in respect of his or her service as an officer of the Company, his or her ownership of Company securities, if applicable, and as otherwise disclosed in the Company's most recently filed proxy statement and subsequent periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Continental Airlines, Inc. has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
By /s/ Jennifer L. Vogel
Jennifer L. Vogel
Senior Vice President, General Counsel,
Secretary and Corporate Compliance Officer


An article about baby girl 1st birthday cake.
Questions like that has the capacity to help you choose a style. Today i want to teach you how I do so, from beginning to end. Saving the finest for last!
Girls like colours or shades and therefore in the event the birthday has some unique blend of colours, it is certain to be loved as well as appreciated. It is perfect for family gatherings and parties, because it's loved by kids and adults alike. If you will plan for birthday celebration, there are a number of cake tips that you can consider.


1. March 14 is Teacher Appreciation Day.
2. Spring Break is March 18-22.
Spring Break is March 18-22.
learning more about our church, please join us for dinner and fellowship at 621 3rd St.
practice is TODAY. The other Sunday practices will be on March 24, March 31, and April 7.
The Thursday practices have already begun, and there will be a practice every Thursday.


text:
Henry Agar-Ellis,  vicomte Clifden ( - ), titré Lord Dover de 1833 à 1836, est un courtisan irlandais et propriétaire de chevaux de course.

Biographie
Le vicomte Clifden est le fils aîné de George Agar-Ellis (1er baron Dover)  et de son épouse Lady Georgiana, fille de George Howard (6e comte de Carlisle). Il devient baron Dover à la mort de son père en 1833 et vicomte de Clifden à la mort de son grand-père en 1836 . Il fait ses études au Collège d'Eton et à Christ Church, à Oxford, et est gentilhomme de la chambre du prince consort de 1846 à 1852. Il possède les chevaux de course à succès, Crucifix et son fils, Surplice.

Lord Clifden épouse Eliza Horatia Frederica, fille de Frederick Charles William Seymour, en 1861. Il meurt en février 1866, âgé de 40 ans, et est remplacé par son fils unique Henry. Lady Clifden est plus tard une dame de la chambre à coucher de 1867 à 1872 et est nommée dame de l'ordre royal de Victoria et Albert (3e classe). En 1870, elle épouse Sir Walter George Stirling de Faskine,  baronnet. Elle est décédée en avril 1896, à l'âge de 62 ans.

Références

Liens externes

Décès en février 1866
Naissance en février 1825
Vicomte de la pairie d'Irlande au XIXe siècle
Élève du collège d'Eton
Étudiant de Christ Church (Oxford)
Vicomte Clifden
Baron Mendip
Baron Dover

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
BMC Public Health
The use of social networking platforms for sexual health promotion: identifying key strategies for successful user engagement
Hilary J Veale1,
Rachel Sacks-Davis1,2,
Emma RN Weaver1,
Alisa E Pedrana1,2,
Mark A Stoové1,2 &
Margaret E Hellard1,2,3
BMC Public Health volume 15, Article number: 85 (2015) Cite this article
Online social networking platforms such as Facebook and Twitter have grown rapidly in popularity, with opportunities for interaction enhancing their health promotion potential. Such platforms are being used for sexual health promotion but with varying success in reaching and engaging users. We aimed to identify Facebook and Twitter profiles that were able to engage large numbers of users, and to identify strategies used to successfully attract and engage users in sexual health promotion on these platforms.
We identified active Facebook (n = 60) and Twitter (n = 40) profiles undertaking sexual health promotion through a previous systematic review, and assessed profile activity over a one-month period. Quantitative measures of numbers of friends and followers (reach) and social media interactions were assessed, and composite scores used to give profiles an 'engagement success' ranking. Associations between host activity, reach and interaction metrics were explored. Content of the top ten ranked Facebook and Twitter profiles was analysed using a thematic framework and compared with five poorly performing profiles to identify strategies for successful user engagement.
Profiles that were able to successfully engage large numbers of users were more active and had higher levels of interaction per user than lower-ranked profiles. Strategies used by the top ten ranked profiles included: making regular posts/tweets (median 46 posts or 124 tweets/month for top-ranked profiles versus six posts or six tweets for poorly-performing profiles); individualised interaction with users (85% of top-ranked profiles versus 0% for poorly-performing profiles); and encouraging interaction and conversation by posing questions (100% versus 40%). Uploading multimedia material (80% versus 30%) and highlighting celebrity involvement (70% versus 10%) were also key strategies.
Successful online engagement on social networking platforms can be measured through quantitative (user numbers and interactions) and basic qualitative content analysis. We identified the amount and type of host activity as key strategies for success, and in particular, regular individualised interaction with users, encouraging conversation, uploading multimedia and relevant links, and highlighting celebrity involvement. These findings provide valuable insight for achieving a high level of online engagement through social networking platforms to support successful health promotion initiatives.
Online social networking platforms (SNP) such as Facebook and Twitter have grown rapidly in popularity since the birth of Web 2.0 applications. Facebook grew from over 300 million active users in 2009 [1] to 1.1 billion as of March 2013 [2]. Twitter has over 200 million active users creating over 400 million tweets each day [3]. A defining feature of Web 2.0 technology is interaction between end-users and the host through user-generated content. SNP allow public and private messaging, photo, video and other content sharing, live updates, the formation of groups and the use of other applications such as games, quizzes and polls [4-6]. The two-way information flow means users can engage and be content creators, rather than simply passive recipients of information as with Web 1.0 technology [7]. This online social engagement enables individuals to build online communities through shared interests and identities. The extensive reach of sites such as Facebook and Twitter, along with their interactive functions, offers huge potential in terms of delivery of health promotion messages [7-9].
A key goal of health promotion is to enable people to increase control over and improve their health [10], often through individual behaviour change. Interactive health promotion campaigns that encourage participation and engagement, rather than providing a one-way flow of information, are reported to have greater potential to enhance behaviour change [11-13]. Engagement demonstrates awareness and contemplation, and promotes deep learning and understanding [14]. Contemplation is considered one of the initial stages in the process of behaviour change, leading to preparation and finally to action [15]. Results from systematic reviews [16-18] and a meta-analysis [19] demonstrate that internet- or computer-based interventions have the potential to not only affect knowledge, attitudes, intentions and social norms (determinants of health behaviour change) but effect health behaviour change in several areas. Although these studies did not look specifically at SNP, it seems reasonable that SNP that promote a high degree of engagement in health issues could act as important catalysts in achieving behaviour change.
Outside the field of health promotion, social marketing has embraced Web 2.0 technology. Social marketing aims to influence behaviour in a beneficial way [20], achieving audience engagement through commercial marketing techniques. Numerous case studies exploring the use of Facebook and Twitter for social marketing have described innovative strategies that successfully engage audiences [21,22]; however, many do not define how they measure online engagement or the success of campaigns. Despite a growing number of examples of successful social media campaigns in the corporate sector, empirical methods to measure engagement and identify strategies for successful engagement have lagged behind.
Our 2010 systematic review of the use of social networking sites for sexual health promotion [23] found many organisations involved in sexual health promotion are using SNP, but the extent of activity on these sites varied considerably and the vast majority of activities were not reported in the scientific literature [24]. Pedrana et al's (2013) evaluation of a sexual health promotion campaign demonstrated the potential of SNP for sexual health promotion among gay men [25]. The evaluation measured reach and engagement and found that the 'webisode' format of video uploads was an effective way to deliver health promotion information. Pedrana et al. asserted that the combination of education and entertainment (or 'edutainment' [26]) was a key element of success for this intervention, along with targeted Facebook advertisements to attract users. They attributed ongoing user interest and interaction to user-perceived quality of content and the video format [25]. Online interaction can indicate peer-validation or acceptance of a topic/post, in turn influencing others' behaviour, and providing the potential for increased reach and interaction. Other researchers have identified reach and interaction metrics as important for monitoring the success of social media interventions [8,25,27].
Several researchers have recently identified features of web information systems likely to enhance engagement and to improve their health promotion potential [28-30], including primary task support (e.g. message tailoring, personalization), dialogue support (e.g. praise, reminders, rewards), system credibility (e.g. trustworthiness, real-world feel), and social support (e.g. social learning, normative influence); however, few have been validated using SNP. Although combined literature on health promotion, social media and consumer engagement suggest that increasing reach and user interaction are crucial elements of success, no consensus exists on the key factors required to achieve this. To guide the development of health promotion activities in this emerging field, we aimed to establish a method for measuring successful online engagement, to identify Twitter and Facebook profiles that successfully attracted and engaged users, and characterise key strategies used to achieve this success.
Study design and search strategy
This study was a prospective descriptive analysis of Facebook and Twitter profiles drawn from our previous systematic examination of SNP for sexual health promotion carried out in 2010 [23]. The search strategy (described in detail previously) [23] used databases of published scientific literature, SNP search functions, and electronic sources of grey literature to identify SNP involved in sexual health promotion.
Search results and inclusion criteria for SNP in this analysis are described in Figure 1. Of the 178 SNP identified in the previous review, we included only Facebook and Twitter profiles (n = 130) given that they are the most popular platforms globally [31] and the most enduring over the follow-up period. Profiles were excluded if they were no longer available online or were 'inactive'; that is, if the host organisation had not posted in the 30 days prior to data collection (September 1, 2011). We performed quantitative and qualitative analyses on the selected 100 Facebook and Twitter profiles that remained active and accessible.
Search results and selection of Facebook and Twitter profiles. * Facebook does not supply total number of records found in a search, thus the total number of records retrieved from the searches in social networking sites is not available
Data extraction and key metrics
We examined one month of content from the 60 Facebook profiles (August 6 to September 5, 2011) and 40 Twitter profiles (September 4 to October 4, 2011). Two researchers extracted and recorded relevant quantitative metrics (see Table 1). We generated PDF images of web content covering the period of interest to enable researchers to revisit content. Data were analysed in Stata 11 (StataCorp., Texas, 2009).
Table 1 Facebook and Twitter metrics
We defined 'reach' as the size of the user base, that is, the number of Twitter followers or Facebook 'page likes'. ('Liking' an organisation's Facebook page or following their Twitter account is equivalent to subscribing to the organisation's status updates or tweets).
'Interaction' was used to indicate user engagement, and was defined as any interaction that occurred between users or between a user and the host of the profile. To create a measure of overall interaction, we summed all interaction metrics (Table 1) for each profile to get a 'total interaction score'. We also calculated mean interactions per user for each profile by dividing the interaction score by the number of users.
Identifying Facebook and Twitter profiles with high levels of engagement
Our measure of 'engagement' combined the size of the user base (reach) and the level of interaction of the users. We considered profiles with the largest user bases and highest levels of interaction to have the highest levels of online engagement. To measure engagement, we ranked all profiles within each category of reach and interaction, with profiles that had the greatest reach and highest interaction scores being ranked highest. We then summed the reach and interaction ranks for each profile and ranked these sums again to calculate an overall engagement success ranking.
Identifying factors and strategies associated with engagement
We used quantitative and qualitative methods to compare top-ranked and low-ranked profiles to identify factors and strategies associated with engagement.
Quantitative data analysis
We compared the levels of host activity – defined as the number of Facebook posts or number of tweets or retweets by the host organisation – for top ten ranked profiles with all other profiles using Kruskal-Wallis tests for assessing differences between medians. This was also done for the levels of interaction per user. We explored associations between reach, activity and interaction to understand how they related to success and each other. Spearman rank correlations were used to assess the following relationships within the top ten successful profiles and within all other profiles:
reach and interaction per user;
activity and interaction;
activity and interaction per user; and
activity and reach.
Qualitative data analysis
The qualitative analysis involved two parts: 1) an examination and classification of the target audiences, primary activities and purposes of the top ten profiles and; 2) an examination of the specific strategies used by the top ten and bottom five organisations to determine the activities that distinguished levels of engagement. For the second part, we developed a simplified strategy for web content analysis (informed by the work of others [32,33]), given that the large volume of content made traditional in-depth content analysis unfeasible. Two stages of content analysis were involved: development of a framework for analysis, and application of the framework to the Facebook and Twitter content.
Development of the content analysis framework
Broad categories or thematic groupings of the strategies (interactive features and activities) used by the various profiles were developed iteratively. We briefly examined top ten profiles, and constructed a preliminary framework of strategies based on what was seen in these profiles. Through consultation with the research team, further modifications were made to the framework. To test its utility and reliability, two researchers applied the refined framework to a sample of three Facebook and three Twitter profiles. The researchers identified strategies used by the profiles and categorised them according to the framework. We then compared results, measuring inter-rater reliability at 70%. After further consultation and consensus, and final modification, the framework consisted of 16 Facebook and 17 Twitter strategies grouped into seven categories. Two researchers analysed a further 200 tweets and 30 days of Facebook pages to further validate the framework. They found discrepancies in only two strategies (easily resolved with discussion), giving close to 90% inter-rater reliability.
Application of the content analysis framework
One researcher completed the content analysis of the top ten and bottom five Facebook and Twitter profiles. She evaluated each profile against the framework and counted the strategies observed. Any content that was difficult to categorise was discussed with two other researchers and consensus reached. She calculated the percentage of top ten and bottom five profiles demonstrating each strategy.
Ethics approval was received from The Alfred Health Human Ethics Committee (Project 6/15).
From the original sample of SNP involved in sexual health promotion [23], we identified 84 Facebook and 44 Twitter profiles. Sixty Facebook profiles and 40 Twitter profiles were included in the analyses; of the other 28, nine were no longer available online and 19 were inactive (Figure 1).
Eight host organisations had both Facebook and Twitter profiles in the top ten ranking for engagement, demonstrating that some organisations were able to achieve success across both platforms.
Table 2 illustrates reach and interaction metrics for top ten ranked profiles and all other profiles. For the top ten Facebook profiles, the median number of users was 15,156 compared with 560 for all other profiles; and for Twitter, 8,558 compared with 852. The median total number of user interactions for top ten Facebook profiles was 1325 versus 16 for all other Facebook profiles, and for Twitter, 937 versus 37. The most common types of interaction in the top ten profiles were Facebook likes of posts, and Twitter follower retweets, however across all Twitter profiles, 'mentions' were the most common type of interaction.
Table 2 Reach and interaction in top ten ranked and less successful profiles
Identifying factors and strategies associated with engagement - quantitative analysis
Interaction per user and activity metrics are shown in Table 3 for top ten ranked profiles and all other profiles. The level of interaction per user was significantly greater for top ten ranked Facebook profiles than all other profiles (p = 0.05), but no significant difference (p = 0.57) existed between top ten Twitter profiles and all other profiles. Top-ranked profiles were more active than other profiles: they had a median of 46 posts per month compared with nine for Facebook profiles (p < 0.01), and 124 tweets per month versus 29 for Twitter profiles (p < 0.01).
Table 3 Comparing interaction per user and activity in top ten ranked and less successful profiles
Exploring associations between reach, interaction and activity
Results for this section are shown in Table 4. For the top ten ranked Facebook profiles, the association between host activity (posts) and interaction was not statistically significant (Spearman's rho 0.34, p = 0.34). For the top ten ranked Twitter profiles, we found a no significant association between the host activity (tweets) and interaction (Spearman's rho 0.14, p = 0.70). However, for non-top ten ranked Facebook and Twitter profiles, host organisation activity was strongly associated with interaction (Spearman's rho 0.59, p < 0.001; and 0.64, p < 0.001 respectively).
Table 4 Exploring associations between reach, interaction and activity in top ten ranked and less successful profiles
Host activity and interaction per user were strongly positively correlated for both top ten ranked Facebook and Twitter profiles (Spearman's rho 0.59, p = 0.07; and 0.85, p < 0.001, respectively), as well as for all other profiles (Spearman's rho 0.53, p < 0.001; and 0.66, p < 0.001). The correlation was strongest within the top ten Twitter profiles.
Host activity and reach in the top ten ranked Facebook profiles were not associated (Spearman's rho −0.07, p = 0.85). For top ten ranked Twitter profiles, a negative association was not statistically significant (Spearman's rho −0.5, p = 0.13). For non-top ten Facebook and Twitter profiles, only a weak and non-significant association existed between activity and reach (Spearman's rho 0.20, p = 0.16; and 0.23, p = 0.21 respectively) (Table 4).
The correlation between reach and interaction per user was very weak for top ten ranked Facebook profiles (Spearman's rho −0.11, p = 0.75) and all other profiles (−0.17, p = 0.23) (Table 4). Similarly, for all other Twitter profiles, there was no correlation between reach and interactions per user (Spearman's rho −0.04, p = 0.82) (Table 5). For top ten ranked Twitter profiles however, there was a strong negative correlation between reach and interaction per user (Spearman's rho −0.76, p = 0.01).
Table 5 Characteristics and strategies employed by successful and unsuccessful profiles
Identifying factors and strategies associated with engagement – qualitative analysis
Description of top ten profiles
Most of the top ten Facebook and Twitter profiles (70%) had a sexual and reproductive health and/or HIV/AIDS focus. This was expected given that our original search included profiles 'involved in sexual health promotion'. Fewer profiles (30%) had a general health focus. All top ten profiles were part of ongoing social networking profiles rather than short-term campaigns. The target audience varied: 40% of top ten ranked profiles had a general target audience, 35% targeted people living with or affected by HIV/AIDS, 20% targeted women, and only one profile specifically targeted young people. The majority of profiles (80%) used sites for the purpose of sharing or disseminating health information – e.g. about health conditions, screening or testing, wellness strategies, research and statistics, health products, or answering specific health-related questions. About half of Facebook and Twitter profiles (40% and 50% respectively) utilised their profile for advocacy or campaigning, such as lobbying activities, keeping users informed on current policy, relevant news and political events related to specific health or health care issues. Half also used their profiles to foster online communities to increase peer or social support, e.g. enabling individuals with similar interests/concerns to connect and communicate (see Additional file 1).
Strategies used by profiles with high levels of engagement
Table 5 shows the results of the qualitative content analysis: the various strategies used by the top ten ranked versus bottom five ranked Facebook and Twitter profiles.
Strategies more common among profiles with larger and interactive user bases included: regular host activity; direct, individualised interaction with users; and posing questions to encourage interaction and conversation. Top-ranked profiles were more likely to upload multimedia and highlight celebrity or high profile involvement in the cause to make content broadly relevant and engaging. (Some examples of these strategies are presented in Additional file 2).
We developed a framework to systematically identify and assess Facebook and Twitter profiles that could successfully engage audiences from a large database of profiles broadly involved in sexual health promotion. We based our definition of engagement on two commonly-used metrics, reach and interaction, and defined successful engagement as Facebook and Twitter profiles with large reach and high numbers of total interactions with and between users. Profiles with a high level of engagement (top ranked) were more active than profiles with poorer engagement and demonstrated greater levels of interaction per user. In an exploratory analysis, we compared top-ranked and low-ranked profiles to assess associations between measures of reach, interaction and host activity. For top-ranked profiles, the association between host activity and interaction per user was greater than for low-ranked profiles. Qualitative analysis identified key strategies common to top-ranked profiles that achieved a high level of engagement, including regular and individualised interaction with users, encouraging conversation, uploading multimedia and relevant links, and highlighting celebrity involvement. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring activity to encourage interaction and ensure ongoing reach and engagement of target audiences. Organisations using SNP can utilise our results, whether it be for disseminating health information, campaigning and advocacy around a certain health issue, or for fostering online communities to provide social support.
Characteristics of success
Previous work in this area has identified common key metrics, including reach and interaction, which can be used to help measure, monitor and inform the success of such social media interventions [8,25,27]. However, relatively few have actually gone beyond using these metrics to measure success, to identify features or strategies that could enhance the health promotion potential of web information systems and online applications [28-30]. We chose reach and interaction as our key metrics to measure online engagement by SNP-based sexual health promotion campaigns. Through quantitative methods, we found that higher levels of host activity (posts and tweets) and greater levels of interaction per user characterised profiles with high levels of engagement. We then explored associations between SNP metrics to gain more insight into achieving increased reach and interaction. We found a strong positive correlation between host activity and levels of interaction per user, especially for top ten Twitter profiles. This suggests that it is important to maintain host-initiated activity on SNP to encourage meaningful interactions both between the host and users, but also between users, in order to ensure ongoing engagement of the target audience. However, it is unlikely that high levels of activity alone are enough to ensure interaction, and consideration should be given to the type of activity that is most likely to promote interaction with and between users, and what type of activity generates certain kinds of interaction. For example, organisations may want to go beyond simply reaching people with messages, and focus more on drawing users into conversations and debate on a topic, that is, considering the content value of posts and tweets [34].
For top-ranked Facebook profiles, there was no association between the reach and the level of interaction per user. That is, the likelihood of a Facebook user interacting is not related to the number of users/friends of the profile. Interaction per user may be more related to host activity (as above) or the target audience or purpose of the profile, e.g. forming an interactive online community versus broad dissemination of health information. For top-ranked Twitter profiles, there was a strong negative correlation between reach and interaction per user: as the number of users increased, the level of interaction per user decreased. This may be reflective of the types of users and how and why people use Twitter. It suggests that the top-ranked Twitter profiles are broadcasting to large numbers of users, with many users being passive receivers of the information rather than interacting and engaging in conversation. Twitter is commonly used to post messages to many users, to follow live updates during major events (sporting, cultural, news), or to receive regular brief updates from large organisations or celebrities. Conversation on Twitter is generally limited in comparison to Facebook, which is designed to support social networks of friends or individuals with common interests, allowing them to share content by posting photos, links or creating stories and conversations. Organisations should reflect on their health promotion goals and target audience when selecting an appropriate SNP platform; for some reaching a large audience with brief messages is more important, but others seek primarily to engage a particular group or community and generate discussion.
Key strategies to reach and engage users
Through the simplified qualitative content analysis of top-ranked and low-ranked profiles, we identified key strategies that characterised successful online engagement: making regular posts; directly engaging with users through individual responses and acknowledgment; encouraging interaction and conversation by posing questions; utilising multimedia uploads and relevant links; and highlighting celebrity involvement. Other researchers have identified similar strategies [27-30]. Preece and Shneiderman (2009)analysed online social activities and developed a framework of 'usability' and 'sociability' factors that they believed motivated online social participation [27]. They described how organisations could harness usability factors such as frequent updates and posting interesting, relevant and well-presented content to ensure users could easily engage with their content. Similarly, they identified sociability factors such as using charismatic leaders or respected authorities, and enabling development of user 'visibility' (an online social presence), which increased the chances of user engagement [27]. Others have found that acknowledging users' contributions enables them to stand out or gain 'digital status' and is a key motivator for online contribution or interaction [35,36]. Utilising these key strategies effectively requires dedicated resources and careful planning, design and monitoring [24,37]. In our research, top ten profiles appeared to be part of long-term ventures – organisations' overall communication strategies – rather than short-term campaigns or initiatives, highlighting the importance of maintaining an online presence and working towards building online communities engaged with a cause/issue. It is clear from both our review and the work of others that in order to deliver successful interventions through SNP, hosts use various key strategies to take advantage of the different functionalities of the platforms, as well as improving the quality and utility of content being delivered to their target audience.
Considerations for future projects utilising SNP for health promotion
Defining successful online engagement
When defining and measuring online engagement we weighted reach and interaction metrics equally, however it is likely that the relative merits of each vary according to organisations' objectives. For some, simple exposure to information through SNP could be enough to reap meaningful benefit, whereas for others it may be more important to have interaction, either between users or with the host organisation in order to promote program participation and ultimately gain benefit [13]. It may be more beneficial for organisations to examine the different metrics separately to enable them to better target different strategies based on their goals (to increase reach or interaction, or both). When measuring engagement, we combined all interaction metrics into one interaction score; although in reality different forms of interaction may indicate different levels of engagement. For example, a simple 'like' or 'retweet' (the most common forms of interaction in our study) requires only a simple click of a button, and essentially acts to share content with the user's networks. However, a 'comment', 'reply' or 'mention' requires the user to formulate a response, indicating deeper thought and engagement. Thus our definition of engagement was limited in its ability to identify profiles better at promoting interaction on a superficial versus a more in-depth level. Neiger and colleagues (2013) have developed an evaluation hierarchy for social media engagement, representing different levels of engagement that could be applied when defining successful engagement [13]. Another way to describe online engagement through social media is 'influence', with reach and different interactions representing different potential levels of influence of a host on an audience [34].
Quality of posts and tweets and types of users
One aspect of interaction we were unable to measure was the quality or the content of the post/tweet; for example, did successful profiles post better quality content or more humorous content than less successful profiles? This should be a consideration for both future researchers and future intervention planners who will need to consider not only the content itself but the quality and style in which it is delivered. This has worked successfully for sexual health promotion through the 'Being Brendo/Queer as Fxxk' project, in which a Facebook page targeting men who have sex with men (MSM), through the delivery of short, humorous and educational 'webisodes' that the target audience found to be personally relevant, was able to attract a large and active user base [24,25]. A second 'Facespace' page that targeted the young heterosexual population with similar messages was less successful. Evaluation of both projects attributed this to the different approach with regards to both the type and delivery of the content, whereby the MSM arm, designed as a drama series (and more refined and expensive), was more successful at engaging and entertaining its target audience. Organisations wanting to replicate this success need to identify common interests and shared identities within their target audiences that can be utilised to connect different types of users and promote interaction. Recent work looking at the different 'types' of social media users found that the majority of users tend to be passive, using social media to seek information or keep up with the online activities of others, without sharing content, responding or 'posting updates' themselves [20,38]. Understanding the various types of users and their motivations for engaging will help organisations to identify and understand different user characteristics, motivations for engaging and types of engagement that are likely to occur on social media, which will enable them to better engage and influence their target audiences.
When we conducted the review on which this work is based, there was (and remains) a lack of best practice guidelines for systematic searches of social networking sites [23,39]. Large amounts of Facebook and Twitter content precluded the examination of strategies using traditional qualitative thematic analysis. The framework of strategies that we developed enabled a modified content analysis; however, future researchers could examine the actual content of user interactions to explore what kind of host activity elicits the deepest or most valuable user interaction, or the widest dissemination (e.g. posts or tweets that 'go viral'). Although there are more sophisticated and complex methods for analysis of social media content, such as social media mining and commercially available tools that can code data [39,40], health promotion practitioners and others can easily apply our methods to both Facebook and Twitter platforms. Furthermore, some suggest that manual coding of content is ideal given the unconventional text typically used on social media [39]. Although our sample of SNP was taken from an original search that focused on sites involved in sexual health, the selected metrics and methods described can be applied to social media in general.
The rapidly evolving functionality and features of Facebook and Twitter mean that other, more novel strategies may currently be in use to increase the reach and interaction on these platforms. For example, the Facebook 'Share' feature was not utilised by all profiles we examined, and its functionality has recently altered to enable content to be visible in timelines and newsfeeds of users and their networks [41]. Other recent developments include the ability to post images as comments on Facebook and the use of hashtags on posts. Twitter has made alterations to the 'tweet' and 'follow' buttons to further direct and drive traffic, and has enabled 'embedded' tweets on websites to drive traffic to the SNP. Such new features complement the key strategies we have identified, which focus on the type of host activity associated with success more than the functionality of the platforms. Therefore, although data collection occurred in 2011, our key strategies should remain very relevant into the future, with the focus being on how new functions can support these key strategies. Although all profiles we examined were involved in sexual health, it is likely that the key strategies identified can be applied universally to increase online engagement. Nevertheless, given that our top ten profiles were all from large, well-resourced organisations, mostly with existing public profiles, achieving success with smaller, newer profiles might require a modified approach.
We offer one way to measure successful engagement on social networking platforms through quantitative (user numbers and interactions) and basic qualitative content analysis. Key strategies associated with a high level of engagement included regular individualised interaction with users, encouraging conversation, uploading multimedia and relevant links, and highlighting celebrity involvement. Consideration should be given to whether achieving greater reach or greater interaction (or both) is important, and which platforms are most suited to achieving these goals. Future research should determine which strategies are most effective for reaching, engaging and retaining certain types of users; what makes a post/ tweet 'go viral'; the kind of content that promotes the greatest interaction; and what other aspects or functionalities of SNP can enhance engagement. These findings provide valuable insight for supporting successful online health promotion campaigns. We have laid the foundation for further research; as the field matures and more evidence emerges, our results will represent an adaptive platform from which online engagement can be evaluated.
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We gratefully acknowledge EmpowHer, UNAIDS, and AIDS Healthcare Foundation for sharing their valuable insights and thoughtful responses to our online survey. Rachel Sacks-Davis receives funding from the Australian Government through a NHMRC Public Health Postgraduate Scholarship and receives additional funding through the NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence into Injecting Drug Use (CREIDU). Alisa Pedrana receives funding from the Australia Government through a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Early Career Fellowship. Mark Stoové receives funding through the NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence into Injecting Drug Use (CREIDU). Margaret Hellard receives funding from the NHMRC as a senior research fellow. This study received no external funding. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Victorian Operational Infrastructure Support Program funding received by the Burnet Institute.
The use of social networking platforms for sexual health promotion: identifying key strategies for successful user engagement.
Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
Hilary J Veale, Rachel Sacks-Davis, Emma RN Weaver, Alisa E Pedrana, Mark A Stoové & Margaret E Hellard
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Rachel Sacks-Davis, Alisa E Pedrana, Mark A Stoové & Margaret E Hellard
The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Margaret E Hellard
Hilary J Veale
Rachel Sacks-Davis
Emma RN Weaver
Alisa E Pedrana
Mark A Stoové
Correspondence to Alisa E Pedrana.
HV, RSD and EW designed and conducted the study, including developing the content analysis method, constructing the database, and completing data extraction and analysis. HV and RSD led the conception, preparation and review of this manuscript. MH, MS, AP and EW contributed to the conception of the study, development of the content analysis method and manuscript review. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
'Primary activities of top ten Facebook and Twitter profiles'. This table categorises the main activities of SNP that we investigated, and provides a description of each.
'Examples of key strategies used on SNP'. This table gives real examples of organisations using the key strategies we identified.
Veale, H.J., Sacks-Davis, R., Weaver, E.R. et al. The use of social networking platforms for sexual health promotion: identifying key strategies for successful user engagement. BMC Public Health 15, 85 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1396-z
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1396-z
Submission enquiries: bmcpublichealth@biomedcentral.com


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Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de
A remarkable French foreign minister, with many political lives, serving in turn governments during the French Revolution, the First Empire, and the Bourbon restoration. Born in Paris into an aristocratic family, he was sent to the seminary at Saint-Sulpice where he took holy orders in 1779. He was consecrated bishop of Autun a decade later and became politically involved in the French Revolution. In July 1792, the government sent him on a diplomatic mission to London, but while away he was condemned as a traitor and took refuge in the United States until 1795. Through connections with Paul Barras, he was appointed foreign minister in July 1797 and the next year proposed the sending of an expedition to Egypt to threaten British interests in India. He resigned from office in July 1798 when he failed to prevent the formation of a Second Coalition of powers against France. Offering strong support to Napoleon Bonaparte during the young general's coup d'état of November 1799, Talleyrand was reinstated as foreign minister shortly thereafter. He was instrumental in arranging the Concordat of 1801 with the pope, negotiated the Treaty of Amiens with Britain in 1802, and helped establish the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806. In the wake of the Treaty of Tilsit, in which Napoleon made peace with Russia and Prussia, Talleyrand began to distant himself from his emperor's policies, and he left his post in August 1807.
Napoleon nevertheless continued to consult with Talleyrand, who strongly opposed French intervention in Spanish internal affairs, especially the emperor's decision to remove King Charles IV and Crown Prince Ferdinand from power. After a heated exchange with Napoleon in January 1809, in which the emperor accused him of treachery, Talleyrand lost his post of grand chamberlain of the court, although he continued to exercise some influence over imperial affairs through his role as vice grand elector. By the time invading forces neared Paris in 1814, Talleyrand had already established secret communication with the sovereigns accompanying Allied headquarters. Having assembled some of Napoleon's disaffected marshals to discuss their emperor's abdication, Talleyrand then entertained Tsar Alexander of Russia, whose influence led to Talleyrand's taking charge of the provisional government, which reached an agreement with the restored Bourbon king, Louis XVIII.
Talleyrand was created a prince and appointed foreign minister, once again, in May 1814.
In short order, he represented the new regime at the Congress of Vienna, where he virtually single handedly restored his defeated country to the status of a Great Power by playing one victor off against the other to secure concessions for France. After Napoleon's second abdication in 1815, Talleyrand served as prime minister for a few months before retiring to his estate to write his much-biased memoirs, which only appeared in print long after his death. During the revolution of 1830, Talleyrand returned to Paris to aid Louis Philippe's accession to power. He served as ambassador to Britain from September 1830 to August 1834.
Copper, Duff. Talleyrand. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2001;
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GREGORY FREMONT-BARNES
Taisho Democracy
Tampico and Vera Cruz Incidents
Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles-Maurice de — • Prince of Benevento, Bishop of Autun, French minister and ambassador (1754 1838) Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006 … Catholic encyclopedia
Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles-Maurice de — (1754 1838) statesman Born in Paris, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand Périgord, one of French history s most important statesmen and better known as Talleyrand, became lame as the result of a childhood accident and could not therefore enter… … France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present
Talleyrand-Périgord,Charles Maurice de — Tal·ley·rand Pé·ri·gord (tălʹē rănd pĕrʹĭ gôr , tä lĕ räɴ pā rē gôrʹ), Charles Maurice de. 1754 1838. French politician and diplomat known for his capacity to survive political change. He held a variety of public offices during the French… … Universalium
Talleyrand (-Périgord), Charles-Maurice de — born Feb. 2, 1754, Paris, France died May 17, 1838, Paris French statesman. Ordained a priest, he became bishop of Autun in 1788. Elected to represent the clergy at the Estates General (1789), he became the bishop of the Revolution by calling for … Universalium
Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de — ► (1754 1838) Eclesiástico y político francés, príncipe de Benevento. Comenzó su carrera con el antiguo régimen como obispo de Autun (1788 91) y diputado del clero en los Estados Generales (1789). Secularizado durante la Revolución, sirvió como… … Enciclopedia Universal
Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles Maurice, Prince de — (1754 1838) French statesman. Index: Bk Foreign secretary under Napoleon, 81. Bib.: For biog., see works of Taine, Mignet, Bastive, Lamartine, and Guizot … The makers of Canada
TALLEYRAND DE PÉRIGORD, CHARLES MAURICE, PRINCE OF BENEVENTO — French statesman and diplomatist, born in Paris, of an illustrious family; rendered lame by an accident, was cut off from a military career; was educated for the Church, and made bishop of Autun; chosen deputy of the clergy of his diocese to… … The Nuttall Encyclopaedia
Talleyrand-Périgord — Talleyrand Périgord, Charles Maurice de … Enciclopedia Universal
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord — Charles Maurice de Talleyrand Périgord, par Pierre Paul Prud hon, 1809 (Château de Valençay)[1] … Wikipédia en Français
Charles-Maurice De Talleyrand-Perigord — Charles Maurice de Talleyrand Périgord Charles Maurice de Talleyrand Périgord 1er président du Conseil des ministres français … Wikipédia en Français


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Edwin Maxwell
Edwin Maxwell (9 February 1886 – 13 August 1948) was an Irish character actor in Hollywood movies of the 1930s and 1940s, frequently cast as shady businessmen and shysters, though often ones with a dignified bearing. From 1939 to 1942, Maxwell served as the dialogue director for the films of epic director Cecil B. DeMille. Maxwell is notable for appearing in four Academy Award-winning Best Pictures: All Quiet on the Western Front (1930), Grand Hotel (1932), The Great Ziegfeld (1936) and You Can't Take It With You (1938).
This "talkie" is the only film co-starring Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks. This print is from the 1966 re-release and it is faithful to the original except that new music and new sound effects were added by Marty Kemp of the Mary Pickford Company during his painstaking...
(1929) 65 min
This "talkie" is the only film co-starring Mary Pickford and Douglas...
Source: Edwin Maxwell on Freebase, licensed under CC-BY
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