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Professor Andrew Henley
Professor of Entrepreneurship and Economics, Director of Research Engagement and Impact
Cardiff Business School
henleya@cardiff.ac.uk
B23, Aberconway Building, Colum Road, Cathays, Cardiff, CF10 3EU
I am Professor of Entrepreneurship and Economics. My published research in over 60 peer-reviewed articles, 2 books and a range of book contributions spans entrepreneurship (and particularly self-employment) and small business leadership and performance, regional development and labour economics. I have considerable experience in the leadership of externally funded research and consultancy activity, including work with small business.
My full CV including full publications is here.
I am or have recently been involved in three ESRC/UKRI funded projects, relating to the UK productivity gap and to understanding the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic:
Co-Investigator and Wales lead: ESRC The Productivity Institute (@TPIProductivity) 2020-2025 and co-ordinator of the Wales Productivity Forum (@WalesProdForum)
Co-Investigator: ESRC/UKRI Addressing Inclusivity in the Spatial and Social Impacts of COVID-19 on the Self-Employed in the UK 2020-2022
Co-Investigator: ESRC Productivity Insights Network 2018-2022
I am currently President of the Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship (ISBE), serving from 2021 to 2023. I also chairied the organising committee for ISBE's 2021 conference in Cardiff. I was until 2019 a member of the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Strategic Advisory Network, and also previously a member and Vice-Chair of the ESRC's Capability Committee. I have also been a member of the Scientific Advisory Panel of Understanding Society, the UK's household longitudinal survey. Between 2002 and 2012 I served as an appointed member of the Welsh Government's Economic Research Advisory Panel, advising the First Minister of Wales on economic research and policy, and continue to advise Welsh Government in a number of formal and informal roles. I have also been a director of the Wales Management Council. Between 2009 and 2012 I established and led the European Social Fund's LEAD Wales programme supporting small business leadership and growth across Wales, with £7m of EU funding.
I was elected to Fellowship of the Learned Society of Wales in 2017.
I am a Research Fellow of the IZA Institute for Labor, Bonn.
Winner: Best overall conference paper, Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 40th Annual Conference, 2017
Follow me - Mastodon: https://toot.wales/@andrewghenley Twitter: @AndrewGHenley - LinkedIn: ahenley
BA (Hons) Industrial Economics University of Nottingham
MA Economics University of Warwick
PhD University of Warwick
Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales
2016 - present: Cardiff Business School, Professor of Entrepreneurship and Economics
2012-2016: Aberystwyth University, Professor of Entrepreneurship and Regional Economic Development; and Director (Dean) of Institute of Management, Law and Information Science
2004-2012: Swansea University, Professor and Head (Dean) of School of Business and Economics; Director, LEAD Wales programme
1996-2004: Aberystwyth University, Professor of Economics
1986-1995: University of Kent, Lecturer/Senior Lecturer in Economics
1985-1986: University of Warwick, Post-doctoral Research Fellow in Economics
Henley, A. 2022. Religion and entrepreneurship. In: Zimmermann, K. F. ed. Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Population Economics. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp. 1-27., (10.1007/978-3-319-57365-6_373-1)
Henley, A. 2022. Is there a link between small business leadership and productivity?. University of Warwick, Enterprise Research Centre. Available at: https://www.productivity.ac.uk/research/is-there-a-link-between-small-business-leadership-and-productivity/
Henley, A. 2022. Digital technologies, gig work and labour share. Cambridge Journal of Economics (10.1093/cje/beac043)
Henley, A. 2022. Is rising self-employment associated with material deprivation in the UK?. Work Employment and Society (10.1177/09500170221092640)
Henley, A. 2021. The rise of self-employment in the UK: entrepreneurial transmission or declining job quality?. Cambridge Journal of Economics 45(3), pp. 457-486., article number: beab007. (10.1093/cje/beab007)
Henley, A., Reuschke, D., Daniel, E. and Price, V. 2021. Self-employment in Wales during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Welsh Economic Review 28, pp. 1-13. (10.18573/wer.259)
Henley, A., Vorley, T. and Gherhes, C. 2021. Implications and impacts of the crisis on micro businesses and their future resilience. In: McCann, P. and Vorley, T. eds. Productivity and the Pandemic: Challenges and Insights from Covid-19. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing
Henley, A., Kapitsinis, N., Munday, M. and Roberts, A. 2020. Covid-19 Welsh government financial interventions: an analysis of Welsh beneficiaries. Technical Report.
Henley, A. and Song, M. 2020. Innovation, internationalisation and the performance of microbusinesses. International Small Business Journal 38(4), pp. 337-364. (10.1177/0266242619893938)
Henley, A. 2020. Small business growth and productivity. In: Productivity Perspectives. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing
Daniel, E. M., Henley, A. and Anwar, M. N. 2019. Contemporary ethnic minority entrepreneurship in the UK: A quantitative exploration of break out and entrepreneurial quality. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research 25(7), pp. 1410-1432. (10.1108/IJEBR-01-2019-0021)
de Meza, D., Dawson, C., Henley, A. and Arabsheibani, G. R. 2019. Curb your enthusiasm: optimistic entrepreneurs earn less. European Economic Review 111, pp. 53-69. (10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.08.007)
Prysor, D. and Henley, A. 2018. Boundary spanning in higher education leadership: identifying boundaries and practices in a British university. Studies in Higher Education 43(12), pp. 2210-2225. (10.1080/03075079.2017.1318364)
Henley, A. and Lang, M. 2017. Self-employment in Wales: micro-business activity or the rise of the gig economy?. Welsh Economic Review 25, pp. 9-17. (10.18573/j.2017.10194)
Henley, A. 2017. Creating value. In: Mabey, C. and Knights, D. eds. Leadership Matters: Finding Voice, Connection and Meaning in the 21st Century. Routledge Studies in Leadership Research London: Routledge, pp. 153-166.
Henley, A., Contreras, F., Espinosa, J. C. and Barbosa, D. 2017. Entrepreneurial intentions of Colombian business students: planned behaviour, leadership skills and social capital. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research 23(6), pp. 1017-1032. (10.1108/IJEBR-01-2017-0031)
Henley, A. 2017. The post-crisis growth in the self-employed: volunteers or reluctant recruits?. Regional Studies 51(9), pp. 1312-1323. (10.1080/00343404.2016.1184753)
Henley, A. 2017. Does religion influence entrepreneurial behaviour?. International Small Business Journal 35(5), pp. 597-617. (10.1177/0266242616656748)
Morris, W., Henley, A. and Dowell, D. 2017. Farm diversification, entrepreneurship and technology adoption: analysis of upland farmers in Wales. Journal of Rural Studies 53 (10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.05.014)
Henley, A. 2015. Economics and virtue ethics: reflections from a Christian perspective. In: Kidwell, J. and Doherty, S. eds. Theology and Economics: A Christian Vision of the Common Good. Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 109-125., (10.1057/9781137536518)
Henley, A. 2015. Business schools, economic virtues and Christian theology. In: Mabey, C. and Mayrhofer, W. eds. Developing Leadership: Questions Business Schools Don't Ask. London: Sage, pp. 121-131.
Dawson, C. and Henley, A. 2015. Gender, risk, and venture creation intentions. Journal of Small Business Management 53(2), pp. 501-515. (10.1111/jsbm.12080)
Dawson, C., de Meza, D., Henley, A. and Arabsheibani, G. R. 2014. Entrepreneurship: cause and consequence of financial optimism. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 23(4), pp. 717-742. (10.1111/jems.12076)
Jones, K., Sambrook, S. A., Pittaway, L., Henley, A. and Norbury, H. 2014. Action learning: how learning transfers from entrepreneurs to small firms. Action Learning: Research and Practice 11(2), pp. 131-166. (10.1080/14767333.2014.896249)
Dawson, C., Henley, A. and Latreille, P. 2014. Individual motives for choosing self-employment in the UK: does region matter?. Regional Studies 48(5), pp. 804-822. (10.1080/00343404.2012.697140)
Dawson, C. and Henley, A. 2013. Over-optimism and entry and exit from self-employment. International Small Business Journal 31(8), pp. 938-954. (10.1177/0266242612445462)
Dawson, C. and Henley, A. 2012. Something will turn up? Financial over-optimism and mortgage arrears. Economics Letters 117(1), pp. 49-52. (10.1016/j.econlet.2012.04.063)
Disney, R., Gathergood, J. and Henley, A. 2010. House price shocks, negative equity, and household consumption in the United Kingdom. Journal of the European Economic Association 8(6), pp. 1179-1207. (10.1111/j.1542-4774.2010.tb00552.x)
Henley, A., Arabsheibani, G. R. and Carneiro, F. G. 2009. On defining and measuring the informal sector: evidence from Brazil. World Development 37(5), pp. 992-1003. (10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.09.011)
Henley, A. 2007. Entrepreneurial aspiration and transition into self-employment: evidence from British longitudinal data. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 19(3), pp. 253-280. (10.1080/08985620701223080)
Henley, A. 2005. Job creation by the self-employed: the roles of entrepreneurial and financial capital. Small Business Economics 25(2), pp. 175-196. (10.1007/s11187-004-6480-1)
Henley, A. 2005. On regional growth convergence in Great Britain. Regional Studies 39(9), pp. 1245-1260. (10.1080/00343400500390123)
Henley, A. 2004. Self-employment status: the role of state dependence and initial circumstances. Small Business Economics 22(1), pp. 67-82. (10.1023/B:SBEJ.0000011573.84746.04)
Henley, A. 2004. House price shocks, windfall gains and hours of work: British evidence*. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 66(4), pp. 439-456. (10.1111/j.1468-0084.2004.00088.x)
Teaching commitments
BS1547 Introduction to Economics
BST621 Entrepreneurship and Innovation (executive MBA)
Self-employment and entrepreneurship
Small business growth and leadership
Regional economic development
PhD supervision research interests
Individual labour market choice and self-employment
Small business growth, innovation and performance
Regional economic development and policy
Regional governance
No short-term fix for Wales' productivity gap, report finds
Business leaders and academics come together to address Wales' most pressing economic challenges
Landmark investment to address the UK's productivity puzzle
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text:
Q: Compute $\frac{\partial \ln|A+B|}{\partial a_{ij}}$ before diving into the question, i admit that i don't know anything about matrix calculus, but i need it for my master thesis.
Given two symmetric matrices $A,B \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$, i need to compute $\frac{\partial \ln|A+B|}{\partial a_{ij}}$. From the matrix notebook i know that $\frac{\partial \ln|A|}{\partial A} = A^{-T}$. Then, i've done this derivation:
$
\begin{align}
  \frac{\partial \ln|A+B|}{\partial a_{ij}} = \frac{\partial \ln|A+B|}{\partial (A+B)} \frac{\partial(A+B)}{\partial a_{ij}} = (A+B)^{-T}\frac{\partial A}{\partial a_{ij}} = (A+B)^{-T}J_{ij}
\end{align}
$
where $J_{ij}$ is the $n \times n$ matrix with only a 1 in position $(i,j)$ and 0 elsewhere.
Is it somehow corret?

A: I suggest you to use Einstein Notation.
Let's define: $f(\mathbf{A}) = f^*(\mathbf{A} + \mathbf{B}) = \ln(|\det(\mathbf{A}+\mathbf{B})|)$
From Equation (57) of the matrix cookbook:
$$ \frac{\partial\,f^*(\mathbf{A}+\mathbf{B})}{\partial\,(A+B)_{pq}} = (A+B)_{pq}^{-T}$$

Since $\mathbf{B}$ does not depend on $\mathbf{A}$, we have:
$$\frac{\partial\,(A+B)_{pq}}{\partial A_{ij}} = \frac{\partial A_{pq}}{\partial A_{ij}} = \delta_{pi}\,\delta_{jq} $$
where $\delta$ is the Kronecker delta.

Therefore:
$$ \frac{\partial\,f(\mathbf{A})}{\partial A_{ij}} = \frac{\partial f^*(\mathbf{A}+\mathbf{B})}{\partial\,(A+B)_{pq}} \,\cdot\, \frac{\partial\,(A+B)_{pq}}{\partial A_{ij}} = (A+B)_{pq}^{-T}\,\delta_{pi}\,\delta_{jq} = (A+B)_{ij}^{-T}$$
In matrix notation:
$$\boxed{\frac{\partial\,f(\mathbf{A})}{\partial \mathbf{A}} = \mathbf{(A+B)^{-T}}}$$

A: $\def\p{{\partial}}\def\grad#1#2{\frac{\p #1}{\p #2}}$For
typing convenience, define the matrix variable
$$X = A+B = X^T \quad\implies\quad dX=dA$$
and the trace/Frobenius product
$$\eqalign{
A:B &= \sum_{i=1}^m \sum_{j=1}^n A_{ij} B_{ij} \;=\; {\rm Tr}(AB^T) \\
A:A &= \big\|A\big\|_F^2 \\
}$$
Write the function using the above notation, then use Jacobi's formula to calculate the differential and gradient.
$$\eqalign{
\phi &= \log\det X \\
d\phi &= X^{-T}:dX = (A+B)^{-T}:dA \\
\grad{\phi}{A} &= (A+B)^{-T} \\
}$$

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Fur Types in Brief
Explore the Many Types of Fur
Fur, or leather with the hair retained, has been used by man for insulation against the cold throughout our history. That's about 200,000 years. In the late 20th century competition emerged from synthetic fibers made from fossil fuels, marketed under such exotic names as "synchilla" and "eco-fleece". But with society's growing understanding of our environment's fragility, more people are again embracing natural fibers that are renewable and biodegradable. Thus the future of fur looks secure as a key component in dressing modern man and providing us with comfortable protection against the elements.
Until the advent of animal agriculture 10,000 years ago, all fur came from the wild. But today, most comes from farms, with mink and fox accounting for about 80%. The remaining 20%, however, represents a great diversity of species. From timber wolves controlled for human safety in Alaska, to beavers controlled in Massachusetts to protect water quality, to seals hunted for food and fiber in the High North, wild fur remains an important player in the cold-weather clothing business.
Click on the tabs below to learn more about a specific type of fur:
Timber Wolf

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
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Aesthetic Clinics
Slimming Program
Diets Supplements and Products
Spa Facial
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Ten new genetic clues for prostate cancer
Gene sleuths on Sunday announced they had identified more than 10 new genetic links to prostate cancer, two of which would be included in a new diagnostic test aimed at spotting men at risk from this disease.
Prostate cancer is the commonest cancer afflicting men in developed countries and heredity is known to play a key but poorly understood role in it.
Working separately, scientists gathered in three international consortia crunched through genetic data garnered from blood samples provided by thousands of volunteers.
Men with prostate cancer had a strong tendency to have telltale variants in locations on chromosomes 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11 and 19 and the X chromosome for gender, they reported in the latest issue of Nature Genetics.
One of the group of investigators worked in Iceland, trawling over a local DNA treasure trove.
Two of the genetic variants, on the X chromosome and chromosome 2, would be included in a new lab test for prostate cancer, they said.
The new diagnostic tool, called deCODE PrCa, would look for a total of eight such signatures, said deCODE genetics, a biopharmaceutical company that is looking through the Icelandic DNA data in the search for new medical products.
Researcher Gilles Thomas, who took part in a study by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), said that, individually, the genetic variants "play a low-key part" in prostate cancer, but became more dangerous when they accumulated.
"It's being able to spot several variants at one time that we can start helping people who are at high risk," he told AFP.
Men with close relatives who have had prostate cancer are twice as likely to develop the disease as counterparts with no recent family history of this ailment.
But, until now, only a few genes have been associated with the disease, and they account for only a small percentage of potential cases.
PARIS, Feb 10, 2008 (AFP)
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to the bottoms of their shoes.
The good morning moo is a beautiful sound.
happy to see a cow's face.
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The most delightful phrases coming out.
but it stops to dot an 'i' and cross a 't'.
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Home > Insights > Industry Perspectives > 2018 > Thinking Inside the Box: The Self-Storage Industry
Thinking Inside the Box: The Self-Storage Industry
By Josh Barber, CFA
When most people think about commercial real estate, they likely picture gleaming office towers, luxurious shopping malls, or state-of-the-art apartment complexes. While those properties are a large part of the real estate landscape, a far less glamorous property type has generated top-tier returns over long periods of time: self-storage facilities. These assets are perhaps best known in popular culture for their grimy-looking appearances on crime-scene TV shows, but the business has several distinguishing features and competitive advantages that should make it favorable for long-term investors. Four of the industry's five largest players are public real estate investment trusts (REITs), and we believe that some of these companies fit well into our long term-focused strategies.
What makes self-storage such an attractive asset? For starters, it's certainly not a glamorous type of building to own. Plenty of people would be happy to point to the new skyscraper as their development but far fewer would brag about owning a single storage facility. Large institutional investors also find it difficult to put large amounts of capital to work by buying or building storage facilities as individual stores are fairly inexpensive relative to other property types, which has reduced competition while allowing existing companies to opportunistically buy properties. Development has been restrained relative to other property sectors over long periods of time as many municipalities prefer other types of real estate to self-storage because storage employs relatively few people and is also seen as less aesthetically appealing than things like shopping centers or apartment buildings. This kept valuations reasonable for a long time, with capitalization rates above other property types. In recent years new development has increased, which has slowed rent and occupancy growth, but construction should be constrained over the long term because of rising land costs, which favor higher and better use projects, as well as zoning restrictions (New York City is the most recent and notable example).
Industry demand comes from a variety of factors that are not predictably correlated with economic cycles. Storage facilities are a place to keep extra stuff during life events, which the industry refers to as the "Four Ds": death, divorce, dislocation, and downsizing. These events underscore the fact that storage demand is often related to disruptive things, and is fairly transitory. The industry certainly doesn't try to profit off of misfortune and has been careful around large-scale disasters such as hurricanes to keep or increase their discounts and not raise rents on existing tenants. Still, events where people are moving around and need a place to store their stuff are the primary demand drivers. A storage industry trade group estimates that about 8% of the U.S. population uses a storage facility, despite storable goods falling as a percentage of overall personal consumption. Sadly, these life events occur with regularity and likely will continue to do so. However, these drivers also mean that storage demand is fairly inelastic: customers won't put their things in a facility simply because the price goes down.
Recently a fifth "D" has become relevant: density. Many items today have become digitized or obsolete as technology has improved. A decade ago, many people would likely have a CD and DVD player as well as numerous CDs and DVDs, in addition to an address book, a calendar, a camera, and physical photographs. Today, all of those things and more can fit on a single smartphone or in the cloud. In addition, many in today's younger generation prefer spending money on experiences instead of things, which has reduced demand for storable goods. The offset to these trends has been the move towards urbanization. With many workers and even retirees flocking to the cities and prioritizing so-called live/work/play areas, high-rise apartment demand has been strong. As these are in major metropolitan areas where land is scarce and expensive, the units tend to be smaller than suburban units and houses. Some residents may also choose to take smaller units – say, a studio instead of a one-bedroom – and supplement with a storage facility as an extra closet. With density continuing to increase in major cities and apartment size shrinking, this should continue to be a tailwind for demand and help offset some of the weakness in storable goods. Technology advances do pose some long-term risks to the sector, however, in the form of further storable goods slowing, valet storage providers, disintermediation from online search companies or data aggregators like Google or Sparefoot, and even driverless cars, the latter of which could free up significant garage space for storage customers that own homes.
Self-storage has a unique advantage among property companies: economies of scale. Very few property types lend themselves to economies of scale because most property is local, hence the famous "3 Ls" of real estate. A corporate tenant leasing office space in one city cares deeply about the particular location as well as the price per square foot; the landlord doesn't factor highly in the decision of where to lease. In addition, the landlord would have to market each floor locally, probably through a broker, so owners couldn't market space in multiple cities to an individual tenant. Finally, most properties don't benefit much from a brand name. In contrast, while most storage customers come from within a three-mile radius of the store, the large self-storage companies have well-known national brands. Additionally, with most customer searches for storage starting online, having platforms with significant online advertising ensures that these companies will be top of mind for searches in any city. The large players also have national call centers and can advertise across multiple media platforms, giving them scalable marketing across the country. In fact, the four largest storage REITs – Public Storage, Extra Space Storage, CubeSmart, and Life Storage – all manage and brand assets on behalf of smaller third-party owners who realize that it would be tough to compete with the brand and scale of the largest players. These third-party management platforms, in turn, provide the companies with better data and systems than their owned portfolios might support on their own, which gives them better data to set pricing and see trends by stores, cities, and regions.
Another advantage for storage owners is the relatively low cost of operations and minimal maintenance capital expenditures. Storage facilities don't need a lot of bells and whistles or amenities – just basic floors, lockers, and security – and the costs to turn a locker when a customer leaves is minimal. Vacant lockers cost little to maintain as they require no energy or power, and because customers are responsible for moving their items, a large facility can be fully staffed with very few employees. Pricing for storage lockers varies by unit size but is generally set by a headquarters pricing team with daily and national data, while smaller players have less sophisticated pricing tools. This allows individual facilities to break even at fairly low occupancy levels (35-40%), and thus the companies operate with strong net operating income (NOI) margins (high-60% to low-70% range) as occupancy gets above 90%.
These low costs provide an additional benefit in the form of minimal required maintenance capital expenditures as a percentage of NOI. Capex is an oft-overlooked long-term cost of owning real estate, and it can be ignored for long periods of time or pushed off within spreadsheets to make returns look more favorable, but property investors know that the bill always comes due. Glitzy property types like offices and hotels need constant and costly updates, which can cause very large discrepancies between reported earnings and actual cash flow. Among property sectors, storage has the lowest capex cost at roughly 5% of NOI. This is less than half the average cost for commercial real estate and far less than that of office buildings and full-service hotels. Over time, these lower costs give property owners more free cash flow for growth, an important consideration when evaluating a REIT.
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE AS A PERCENTAGE OF
CASH NET OPERATING INCOME BY PROPERTY SECTOR
Source: Evercore ISI Research. © Copyright 2018, Evercore Group L.L.C. All rights reserved.
Finally, the storage industry is fairly fragmented, offering growth opportunities for the larger public players. The top five owners, which include the aforementioned public REITs and the parent company of U-Haul, control only about 20% of the industry square footage; Public Storage, the largest owner, controls roughly 7%. A fair amount of the non-public square footage is comprised of strong regional players and other institutional-quality assets, some of which are already managed by the REITs, and this should provide ample growth opportunities in the coming years thanks to the operational advantage of the REITs.
REITs are required to distribute 90% of their taxable income in the form of a dividend, in return for which they are exempt from corporate taxation. This makes them attractive dividend-paying stocks but also severely limits their ability to retain cash flow and makes them more susceptible to the capital markets. As such, we believe a focus on balance sheet is very important when evaluating REITs. Diamond Hill's investment in the sector is comprised of Public Storage and CubeSmart, which have the lowest debt-to-EBITDA ratios among storage owners and some of the better balance sheets within the REIT industry; Public Storage has had the lowest debt levels among REITs for many years now. We believe the combination of strong national brands, operational advantages, low costs, and sturdy balance sheets should position these companies well for the coming years.
As of May 31, 2018, Diamond Hill owned shares of CubeSmart and Public Storage.
Originally published on June 20, 2018.
The views expressed are those of the research analyst as of June 2018, are subject to change, and may differ from the views of other research analysts, portfolio managers or the firm as a whole. These opinions are not intended to be a forecast of future events, a guarantee of future results, or investment advice.
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"We believe a focus on balance sheet is very important when evaluating real estate investment trusts."
- Josh Barber, CFA
Industry Perspective: December
Racing and Rockstars: Investing in the Rapidly Changing Media Industry
by Kavi Shelar, CFA
Media companies are rapidly changing due to short consumer attention spans and intense competition. Our Research Analyst Kavi Shelar analyzes two of our media holdings and explains why we find their difficult-to-replicate content so appealing.
Auto Asset-Backed Securities
Auto asset-backed securities have been touted by some as the "Next Big Short." Portfolio Specialist Douglas Gimple explains why we believe the similarities to the subprime mortgage market are minimal and how asset-backed securities can provide diversification for investors.
Untouchable Value: The Importance of Intangible Assets
by Grady Burkett, CFA
Valuing intangible assets is key when researching companies, but the value of these assets are often significantly understated. International PM Grady Burkett explains why these assets play such a crucial role in a company's competitive position and growth prospects.
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Don't just think outside the media box; stand on the box and look around. There are myriad ways of getting your message to the masses.
Embrace social media. EVERY member of your staff, board and organizations should "friend" or "like" your Facebook site. The site should be updated daily. Make it an online habit for members AND non-members. Establish a program feed on Twitter, if appropriate.
Keep targeting the big media outlets, but don't forget about the small-town papers for press releases and smaller radio stations for guest appearances on talk shows. Bigger outlets will probably want to cover issues with staff. Smaller outlets will welcome the help.
Don't discount local cable access television. When engaging any of the broadcast media, tell them to invite representatives of other stakeholders. •	Include photos (when possible) with press releases. Tap your members to supply you with them. Start a stock file. Keep track of who sent you the photo for credit. Try to identify people in photos and dates taken.
Invite media to observe an event or issue. Have a local contact or program participant to host.
Create inexpensive awareness campaigns. For example, an environmental organization can put a half of an oyster shell in an envelope and tell how many tons of these they are putting in our sounds – OUR sounds – to restore clean water AS WELL as oysters. Put examples in the hands of reporters and editors.
Create single-page fact sheets for the main issues your organization addresses. Make the data-template available for members to print at home and disseminate at venues. Make non-members aware of the issues. These should have a headline, a picture, a sub-head, and some bulleted info on the issue. Easily digestible, with contact numbers/Web site for more information.
Put facts and numbers somewhere accessible on your website. Make sure they're accurate and have references/attribution right there with them.
Don't hesitate to tap local organizations for projects. They are likely to get press in their local paper, and perhaps your organization will too. You also expose your organization to people not familiar with it, and many civic groups actively look for service and philanthropic projects.
Explore partnerships with related programs at local universities and colleges. Tap into their communication networks.
Bottom Line: Don't overlook nontraditional or new ways to reach out to the public--with a little effort and creativity, you can effectively communicate with and engage a broader audience.


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Christine Quinn hits back at 'sick' rumours she faked pregnancy
Jade Biggs
Selling Sunset star Christine Quinn took to social media over the weekend to respond to rumours she faked her pregnancy. The real estate agent turned reality TV icon welcomed her first child, a son named Christian, with her husband Christian Richard earlier this year. Despite being open on the Netflix series about her traumatic birthing experience, which resulted in an emergency caesarean section, the 32-year-old revealed some viewers had accused her of faking the whole thing.
On her Instagram Story, Christine shared a screenshot of a private DM, which read: "Why did you fake your pregnancy? It's totally OK to admit to having a surrogate but don't set unrealistic expectations for PP [postpartum] moms when you didn't even carry the baby yourself. It's deceitful and a shame."
In response to the message, Christine said "K y'all [sic] are beyond f***king sick." Later taking to her Twitter account to comment again on the rumour, she told her 34.9k followers, "For all y'all [sic] still mad on pregnancy gate please go look at my IG stories. And apologise. This is seriously so hurtful,"
Photo credit: Christine Quinn/US Weekly - Instagram
Clearly upset by the accusation, the 32-year-old also responded to a supportive follower. "You can post a picture of giving birth and these conspiracy people still won't believe you. Kinda of sick," one fan tweeted, to which Christine replied: "Hahq [sic] so true babe."
The rumour that the reality star had faked her pregnancy comes after she received a number of comments about how her body had "bounced back" during the fourth season of Selling Sunset, which debuted last week. Cast mates including Jason Oppenheim and Maya Vander commented on Christine's slim figure, causing some viewers on Twitter to speculate.
For all yall still mad on pregnancy gate please go look at my ig stories. And apologize. This is seriously so hurtful.
— Christine Quinn (@XtineQuinn) November 28, 2021
Speaking about her birth on the show, Christine said: "He [the baby] was coming out sideways, and his umbilical cord was wrapped around him. They said his heart rate's going down. All I hear is, 'Emergency C-section. Let's go, let's go!'"
She continued, "[Christian] was absolutely freaking out… My heart rate was going down, the baby's heart rate was going down, and then one of the nurses went up to Christian and said, 'You need to make a priority right now. You have to choose one.' He was like, 'Both'."
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Saints Wire
Alvin Kamara says he's 'not 100% committed' to his dinner plans after Sean Payton report
Alvin Kamara says he's 'not 100% committed' to his dinner plans after Sean Payton report
SAN FRANCISCO (AP) Klay Thompson is playing a few more minutes now, making pretty passes and knocking down shots from all spots on the floor. ''I really pride myself on my efficiency, so it felt good to be myself again,'' Thompson said. Golden State's shooting star returned and scored 15 points to go with six assists after he sat out two games, Stephen Curry had 18 points, nine rebounds and seven assists, and the Warriors pounded Luka Doncic and the Dallas Mavericks 130-92 on Tuesday night.


Visit the main highlight temples of Angkor by jeep within one day including Ta Prohm, Ta Nei, Angkor Thom and Angkor Wat.
8:00am, your guide will meet you up at your hotel's lobby and brief you the routing and program of the tour. Jump in the jeep and depart to one of the most the beautiful Ta Prohm temple, which is embraced by the roots of enormous strangler fig trees, it is well-known as Tomb Raider II movie filmed inside. Drive through the jungle to Tanei temple, which is a hidden temple in the forest and it's also known as a Buddhist monastery dated back to 12th century.
From there, drive to Angkor Thom city, which is the last capital city of Khmer empire by driving through Victory gate. Visit the Elephant Terrace & the terrace of Leper King, Royal Enclosure, Phimean Akas, Baphuon and the impressive Bayon temple.
In the afternoon, visit Angkor Wat, the most incredible temple and the largest religious site in the world. Angkor Wat means "City of Pagoda" and was changed from the original Parama Vishnuloka.


text:
David Lee Blog
How fast are your drivers?
Small vs large drivers. How fast are they?
What are we talking about when we ask about a drivers' "speed"?
Are we discussing acceleration or velocity?
I'm partial to 12″-15″ because they have a tighter low end. The smaller the speaker the quicker it moves with the air and that gives you a tight sound. The smaller the speaker, the faster the voice coil moves, right? So… do a smaller driver's voice coils move faster than a larger driver's voice coils? Or is the speed of your speaker dependent on the frequency of the signal you're sending?
Answer – David Lee:
The smaller speaker has a lighter, less massive diaphragm and therefore can accelerate more quickly. A larger diaphragm/cone can potentially move at a higher velocity, because it has a greater distance to cover. It's like drag racing vs. speed trials. A tweeter makes a better drag racer, a woofer may achieve a higher top speed.
However, the word "speed" in this context is somewhat misleading. The relevant factors are acceleration and velocity. Also, there is the assumption that a smaller driver's voice coil and diaphragm are less massive, but this assumption can be misleading, too. There are relatively small drivers with very high-mass cones.
The driver diaphragm/cone's peak velocity occurs as it passes through the midpoint of its travel and the peak velocity is influenced by the demand for amplitude as well as frequency. A diaphragm making a 1 mm peak to peak excursion 200 times per second will have a lower peak velocity than an identical diaphragm making a 5mm peak to peak excursion 200 times per second. They have to repeat the cyclical motion over the same time but the one that has to go farther must travel at a higher velocity to complete the journey in that time.
If two diaphragms making these excursions are the same mass but not the same size (the larger one might be carbon fiber, and yes, factoring in the air mass) then the difference would be the displaced volume of air. Thus the larger diaphragm will generate a higher SPL for the same excursion. There would be no difference in velocity or acceleration.
If the two diaphragms making these excursions are the same size but not the same mass, the heavier one will lag behind the lighter one in phase due to the inertia of the additional mass. In other words, it will complete the cycle 200 times per second but it will arrive at any given point in the excursion slightly later than the lighter diaphragm.
If the motors of these two same-size drivers are identical except for the mass of the cone, the heavier cone will require more energy (power) to achieve the same excursions. In other words, the heavier one will be less sensitive.
These factors are independent of the driver's interaction with the enclosure.
A smaller and therefor lighter diaphragm can accelerate, decelerate, stop, reverse direction and repeat the process with less energy loss at higher frequencies than a larger, heavier diaphragm. At higher frequencies, the lighter diaphragm has an advantage.
A smaller diaphragm displaces less air than a larger diaphragm and so to produce the same SPL as a larger diaphragm it is necessary for the smaller driver to make larger excursions, which results in higher peak velocities. Under matched conditions, such as in a sealed box, the smaller driver must move farther and therefor faster to produce the same SPL as a larger driver operating at the same frequency. In such a situation the speed of the smaller diaphragm isn't an advantage, it is a consequence and a necessity.
← Thoughts on Car Audio Sensitivity = Efficiency in Speakers? →
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text:
Q: Are XML Schema regular expressions compatible to JavaScript/ECMAScript regular expressions? I'm an author of a XML-Schema-to-JSON-Schema compiler/transformer. A user recently asked if it would be possible to also support xs:pattern in JSON Schema.
JSON Schema does support regular expressions so theoretically this should be possible.
However, this assumes that regular expression syntax and semantic of XML Schema are compatible to those of the JavaScript/ECMAScript. Because if they're not I'll probably won't be able to parse and translate one regular expression dialect into another one without much effort.
I can't answer this question without thorough analysis of both specifications:

*

*http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#regexs

*http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-15.10
So I'd like to ask:
Are XML Schema regular expressions compatible to JavaScript/ECMAScript  regular expressions?
Specifically, can I use a valid regular expression from the XML Schema in JavaScript (via RegExp or similar)?
I've read that XML Schema regular expressions are rather limited so hopefully they'll work in more powerful environment, but it's hard for me to say if this is a case here.
I'll assume XML Schema 1.0 and ECMAScript 5.1 here.

A: The ES5 and XML Schema regex syntaxes are not compatible.
In XML Shema, you can use Unicode category classes (referred to as category escapes) and you can't use them in JavaScript ES5.
Besides, character class subtraction is not supported in JavaScript regex.
Also, \w, \d and \s shorthand classes can match Unicode symbols, and in ES5 they do not. \i, \l, \c, \C "multi-character escapes" are not supported in ES5 either.


Clair is currently a senior research fellow with the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research. Starting from a natural science background, Clair has over 20 years experience in Integrated Assessment approaches, in the context of both long-range transboundary air pollution and climate change. Before joining the University of Manchester in 1999, Clair worked at the Stockholm Environment Institute at York and the EC Joint Research Centre (Ispra, Italy).


GPS Smartwatch and Wrist-based Heart Rate. Personalize your watch with thousands of free watch faces, apps and widgets from our Connect IQ™ store. More than 15 preloaded GPS and indoor sports apps, including yoga, running, swimming and more. Monitor your fitness level with VO2 max and fitness age estimates. Get connected features³ such as smart notifications, automatic uploads to Garmin Connect™, LiveTrack and more. Battery life4: up to 7 days in smartwatch mode, 13 hours in GPS mode.


Just two minutes from the Mémorial de Caen, the N13 which leads to the D-Day landing beaches and the A84 for Mont-Saint-Michel, ACE HÔTEL CAEN NORD MEMORIAL is the ideal spot from which to explore Normandy.
It also lies close to the economic and academic centres of Caen and will offer you a simple welcome, with all the work space you need for your business trips.
Our 61 spacious air-conditioned rooms, which can accommodate 1 to 4 people, as well as nearby restaurants, free Wi-Fi and a professional welcome, ensure your stay will be a success.


text:
Cairo's crusader for freedom
Egyptian social scientist Saad Eddin Ibrahim isn't daunted. He is determined to ensure democracy gains a foothold in his country.
By HILARY LEILA KRIEGER, JPOST CORRESPONDENT
Ibrahim 311
(photo credit: AJC)
WASHINGTON – To hear Saad Eddin Ibrahim tell it, he's famous in Egypt because he's been in prison.
"If you are an ex-convict, everybody recognizes you, because when you're a convict your picture is in the paper all the time," he explained to a packed auditorium during the American Jewish Committee's Global Forum in Washington last month. "So they cheered and welcomed me."
The "they" was the throngs of Egyptian protesters greeting him upon his return to Egypt after the revolution swept president Hosni Mubarak from power. But it was why he had been sent to jail that moved them, not merely his renown.
Ibrahim has spent years in an Egyptian prison for defying the Mubarak regime by calling for freedom and democracy. He has faced numerous suits and trials in absentia even after leaving the country, and until this January, his was one of the few Egyptian voices willing to challenge the authoritarian government.
But Ibrahim's willingness to confront powerful forces has not ended with his crusade for democracy.
He has also challenged Egyptian public opinion by visiting Israel and calling unequivocally for peace between Israelis and Palestinians.
"I got criticized for it, but I didn't mind because I believe in peace," he told the AJC audience, to warm applause. "And I believe that if we do not conclude a genuine peace in the region, we will always have those dictators using the issue of Palestine to stay in power, and they're not helping anybody except themselves."
Ibrahim was also willing to level some harsh words at US President Barack Obama, who he believes didn't side quickly enough with the protesters in Tahrir Square.
"For a whole week he was reluctant to take a public step. And the fear was, from their point of view at the White House... what would our other allies in the Middle East say if we turned our back on Mubarak so quickly?" Ibrahim said.
He then added, "It's not so quickly – it's 30 years.
How long do you want to support him? Thirty years and just one month or two months of supporting the Egyptian people!"
Ibrahim described himself as "really angry" at the US posture, so he kept pushing the White House to go further.
"I kept working at it until President Obama finally [said to Mubarak]: 'Now... Step down now,'" Ibrahim recounted.
Currently the 70-year-old law social scientist thinks the US should do more to support the demonstrators in Syria, and that the Egyptians have their own work cut out for them when it comes to building a democratic system. He spoke to The Jerusalem Post shortly before catching a plane to Cairo. In the coming months he plans to make a repeat visit to Israel as well.
What's your assessment of how the process to bring democracy to Egypt is going?
It is proceeding on track, but with occasional bumps in the road. One of these bumps is the group called Salafists. They are like the Jewish fanatics in Israel, who can derail the process.
They're the group to worry about. They pose as less political than the Muslim Brothers, [but] when the chips are down they will probably overtake the Muslim Brothers. The Salafist camp will be sizable, with the ability to muster anywhere from 30 to 40 percent of the popular vote in any free and transparent election and which will make them the biggest bloc. The others, even though they are at 60%, are fairly liberal but are divided among themselves.
That's part of what I'm doing in Egypt, to see how we can create a counterpart to the Salafists and the Muslim Brotherhood, both of whom, while claiming to be different, adhere to a religious frame of reference.
What do you think these religious groups would do with that much political power?
I think they will be very careful in the beginning until they manage to alter the "mind-forming" ministers. Being the dominant force or the biggest bloc, they probably can pick and choose cabinet portfolios... They will probably opt to take the ministry of education, the ministry of religious endowment and the ministry of social development. They also may begin to impose their own agenda and their own way of life, not only on the people working in the ministry, but on their activities.
And, I believe in this way, these religious groups will seem as no imminent threat in the short term, but in the medium and long run, they could be to the secular nature of the state and government.
What kind of effect do you see this religious involvement as having on Egypt's treatment of Israel?
They have two answers. One, that they will respect all the previous international agreements signed by Egypt, regardless of who signed it. When they're pushed into a corner about how they're going to deal with Israel, they say they will put the question to a referendum, and whatever the people demand of them, according to the referendum, they will respect. Now, if we take elections and referendums at face value, well, that's democratic. If you have suspicions, like many people do, of the other, undeclared agenda of these groups, you have to be very vigilant.
Are you in the suspicious camp?
I am, but being on the record for demanding that they have a legitimate chance to participate, I cannot exclude them. I have to fight – I cannot just wish them [away].
Regardless of the role the Islamic parties play, what does the greater Egyptian society want to see done about Israel?
I think, frankly, that nobody has the stomach to go back to a war course with Israel. I think that Egyptians now have gotten used to a state of peace.
Even though they may have 1,001 misgivings about Israel, they will not push that all the way to returning to a war.
No. 2, Israel has a big responsibility to help the democratic camp, by acting more equitably vis-àvis the Palestinians. If they turn around and keep abusing and building settlements and refusing to come to the negotiating table, they will not make the democrats' life easy.
What should the United States do to help democracy take hold in Egypt?
One, to send or to demand international monitoring of elections. Two, to demand that the NGO law and political parties law should be amended to make the creation of NGOs and political parties by notification, period. Not numbers, not signatures...
Three, the US should provide both technical and material support to NGOs and democracy advocates in Egypt and the Arab world.
Do you think the US should condition its aid on Egyptian steps toward democracy?
Yes, [conditioned] on the government observing all of that.
What do you think the US should do regarding Syria?
It should be more forceful in exerting pressure on the Syrian regime and its members.
Why have the Americans not gone as far on Syria as they did with Egypt?
They have less leverage vis-à-vis Syria. However, they can support the Syrian and Libyan rebels.
They can support the Yemeni democracy efforts. [It should] be very clear that they're for change and the democrats in the region. Period.
Whoever gets elected, even if they are initially anti-American, sooner or later they will have to deal with the Americans as the sole superpower in the world, and they will want recognition.
What do you think of Egypt's recent moves toward normalizing relations with Iran?
The regime wants to establish its independence, that it is a free and independent institution, that it will deal with all countries and it's not going to be playing only to the American tune. They have their own interests, and of course they know the public doesn't have that kind of negative feeling toward Iran that the American public or the Israeli public has.
Does the move toward normalization with Iran worry you?
Are you optimistic about the chances of democracy coming to Egypt? Despite the bumps in the road, do you think democracy will take hold?
I am. And if it doesn't, we have nobody to blame except ourselves.


text:
POPisms
Derrick (1974 - 1989)
(Television Series)
Dates: October 20, 1974 - October 16, 1989
Derrick is a German TV series produced by Telenova Film und Fernsehproduktion in association with ZDF, ORF and SRG between 1974 and 1998 about Detective Chief Inspector (Oberinspektor) Stephan Derrick (Horst Tappert) and his loyal assistant, Inspector (Kriminalhauptmeister) Harry Klein (Fritz Wepper), who solve murder cases in Munich and surroundings (with three unsolved cases in total).
Seasons in this Television Series
Derrick Season 15 1988
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Yolanda Griffith was the 2005 Finals M.V.P.
2005 WNBA Finals MVP Yolanda Griffith led the Monarchs to their first ever WNBA title in four games over the Connecticut Sun. Griffith was the 1999 WNBA M.V.P., but had fallen short in years past. However her 18.5 points per game in the Finals as well as her leadership on the floor paced the hard-nosed Monarchs to the title. The Sun put up a valiant fight after a dramatic Game Two overtime win. It was the second straight loss in the Finals for the Sun.


I'm trying to create a material to use as a sequin, I looked at the cellular texture but I can't work out how to get a regular pattern of circles, any help appreciated!
Really should have said, for superfly!
@amethystpendant I used Tile nodes in ellipsoid, rather than rectangular shape mode. with a bit of node math, you can apply a half offset to each row of circular tiles, which give a hexagonal layout. A second, similar Tile node, but with a larger value for the mortar thickness, makes a central hole. Blending or subtracting one from the other gives a small, central hole, to represent the stitching of each sequin.
Bump up the density to match the number of sequins you want around the circumference of your clothing (Mine was reduced from 144 to 12 for visibility in this screenshot, so you can see the alternating rows).
I adjusted the tile width due to the vagaries of the material I was applying the sequins to.
for various pearlescence specular effects. On white, it looks like pearl, on black, like oil.
I made a sequin shader long ago - it's on my site. I didn't think about the hole in the middle of each one. But I did make it so that the sequins could be random colors from a palette of 4 of your choice, and that they are in semi-random positions, instead of a regular grid.
It's not so great for closeups but it does work OK for some scenes.
With just two small changes, you can make it work just fine in SF. Here's a render in SF.
To make the sequins concave, increase the Bump on the Poser Surface node.


text:
About Jakarta
Story of Jakarta
Tourism Site
JakartE
Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta
Special Capital Region of Jakarta (DKI Jakarta) is the capital city of Indonesia. Jakarta is the only city in Indonesia that has province-level status. Jakarta is located in the northwestern part of the island of Java. Was once known as Sunda Kelapa (before 1527), White Rose (1527 1619), Batavia / Batauia, or Jaccatra (1619-1942), Jakarta Store Betsu Shi (1942-1945) and Djakarta (1945-1972). Jakarta also has nicknames like J-Town, or more popular The Big Durian because the city is considered a comparable New York City (Big Apple) in Indonesia.
Jakarta has an area of approximately 661.52 sq km (ocean: 6977.5 km²), with a population of 10,187,595 inhabitants (2011). Jakarta metropolitan area (Greater) of about 28 million inhabitants, is the largest metropolis in Southeast Asia or second in the world.
SAs a center of business, politics, and culture, Jakarta is home to the headquarters of state-owned enterprises, private companies, and foreign companies. It is also the seat of the government agencies and the ASEAN secretariat office. Jakarta is served by two airports, namely Soekarno-Hatta and Halim Airport, as well as a sea port at Tanjung Priok.
Jakarta name has been used since the Japanese occupation in 1942, to call Gemeente Batavia territory of the former Dutch East Indies government that was inaugurated in 1905. The name is considered as an abbreviation of the word Jayakarta (Dewanagari जयकृत), which is given by the people under the Demak and Cirebon Fatahillah leaders (Faletehan) after attacking and occupying port of Sunda Kelapa on June 22, 1527. The name is usually translated as "city of victory" or "town triumph", but the true meaning is "the victory by an act or effort".
Other forms of spelling the name of the city has since long been used. Portuguese historian João de Barros in Décadas da Asia (1553) mentions the existence of "Xacatara with another name Caravam (Karawang)". A document (charter) from Banten (c. 1600) which reads epigraphy expert Van der Tuuk also have mentioned the term wong Jaketra, likewise Jaketra name is also mentioned in the letters Banten Sultan of Banten and sajarah (pupuh 45 and 47), as observed Hoessein Djajadiningrat. Cornelis de Houtman report in 1596 called the Prince Wijayakrama as koning van Jacatra (King of Jakarta).
Sunda Kelapa (397–1527)
Jakarta was first known as one of the port of Sunda kingdom called Sunda Kalapa, located at the river of the Ciliwung. The capital of the Kingdom of Sunda, known as Dayeuh Pakuan Padjadjaran or Padjadjaran (now Bogor) can be reached from the port of Sunda Kalapa during a two day trip. According to Portuguese sources, Sunda Kalapa is one owned by the Kingdom of Sunda port other than the port of Banten, Pontang, Cigede, Tamgara and Cimanuk. Sunda Kalapa which in this text is called Kalapa considered to harbor the most important because it can be reached from the capital of the kingdom which is called by the name Dayo (in Sundanese modern: dayeuh which means the capital) within two days. Sunda kingdom itself is a continuation of the Kingdom Tarumanagara the 5th century that this port is estimated to have been around since the 5th century and who is considered the capital Tarumanagara called Sundapura.
In the 12th century, the port is known as a busy port pepper. Foreign vessels that come from China, Japan, South India, and the Middle East has been docked at the port carrying goods such as porcelain, coffee, silk, linen, perfume, horses, wine, and dye in exchange for spices -rempah who became a trade commodity at the time.
Jayakarta (1527–1619).
The Portuguese were the first Europeans who came to Jakarta. In the 16th century, Surawisesa, king of Sunda ask for help Portuguese in Malacca to establish a fort in Sunda Kelapa as protection from possible attacks Cirebon that will secede from the Kingdom of Sunda. Efforts Surawisesa assistance request to the Portuguese in Malacca is immortalized by the Sundanese in rhyme story Seloka Mundinglaya Dikusumah, where Surawisesa diselokakan the title name is Mundinglaya. But before the fortification is done, Cirebon Demak assisted directly attack the port. Sundanese people call this a tragedy, because the attack membungihanguskan port city and killed many people there including the harbormaster Sunda port. Determination of the anniversary of Jakarta on June 22 by Sudiro, mayor of Jakarta, in 1956 was based on the tragedy of the occupation of the port of Sunda Kalapa by Fatahillah in 1527. Fatahillah change the name of the city to Jayakarta, which means "city of victory". Furthermore Sunan Gunung Jati of the Sultanate of Cirebon, over the administration in the White Rose to his son that Maulana Hasanuddin who became sultan of Banten in Banten Sultanate.
Batavia (1619–1942).
The Dutch came to Jayakarta around the end of the 16th century, after a stop in Banten in 1596. Jayakarta at the beginning of the 17th century ruled by Pangeran Jayakarta, one of the relatives of the Sultanate of Banten. In 1619, the VOC led by Jan Pieterszoon Coen Jayakarta after defeating the forces occupying the Sultanate of Banten and then changed its name to Batavia. During the Dutch colonization, Batavia developed into a large and important city. (See Batavia). For the construction of the town, the Netherlands many imported slaves as workers. Most of them are from Bali, Sulawesi, Maluku, China, and the coast of Malabar, India. Some argue that it is then formed communities known as the Betawi ethnic group. At that time only the Batavia area includes the area known today as the Old City in North Jakarta. Before the arrival of the slaves, already Sundanese people who live in areas such as public Jayakarta Jatinegara tribe. While the tribes of ethnic immigrants, in the days of the Dutch kolinialisme, forming region of their respective communities. Then in Jakarta there are former territories of the community such as Chinatown, Pekojan, Kampung Melayu, Kampung Bandan, Kampung Ambon, Kampung Bali, and Manggarai.
On October 9, 1740, riots in Batavia with the 5000 murder of Chinese people. With these riots, many Chinese people who run out of town and take the fight against the Dutch. With the completion Koningsplein (Gambir) in 1818, Batavia developing to the south. April 1, 1905 Capital of Batavia formed two municipal or gemeente, namely Gemeente Batavia and Meester Cornelis. In 1920, the Dutch built Menteng garden city, and the region into a new place for high-ranking Dutch replace Molenvliet in the north. In 1935, Batavia and Meester Cornelis (Jatinegara) have been integrated into a Jakarta Raya.
On January 1st 1926 the Dutch government passed a law to reform the system of decentralization and deconcentration wider. In Java province autonomous government was formed. Provincie West Java was the first province that was formed in Java which was inaugurated by the decree dated January 1, 1926, and enacted the Statute (Statute) 1926 No. 326, No. 1928 27 jo No. 28, 1928 No. 438, and 1932 No. 507. Batavia became one of residency in Provincie West Java as well Banten, Buitenzorg (Bogor), Priangan, and Cirebon.
Jakarta Toko Betsu Shi (1942– 1945).
Occupation by Japan began in 1942 and changed the name of Batavia became Djakarta to attract the hearts of the population in World War II. The city is also the site of the Proclamation of Independence of the Republic of Indonesia on August 17, 1945 and occupied by the Dutch until the recognition of sovereignty in 1949.
Jakarta (1945-sekarang).
Prior to 1959, Djakarta is part of West Java Province. In 1959, Djakarta City status was changed from a township under the mayor be increased to a level area (Dati I), led by the governor. Who became the first governor was Soemarno Sosroatmodjo, an army doctor. The appointment of the Governor of DKI time it is done directly by President Sukarno. In 1961, Jakarta status changed from one level regions become Special Capital Region (DKI) and guberSemenjak declared as the capital, Jakarta resident jumped very rapidly due to the manpower needs of government that almost all centered in Jakarta. Within 5 years the population doubled more than twice. Various sac settlements then developed a new middle class, such as Kebayoran Baru, Cempaka Putih, Pulo Mas, Tebet, and potty. Settlement centers are also being built independently by various ministries and institutions such as the state-owned Perum Perumnas.nurnya still held by Sumarno.
In the reign of Soekarno, Jakarta undertake the construction of large projects, among others, the Bung Karno, the Istiqlal Mosque, and National Monument. At this time also Poros Merdeka-Thamrin-Sudirman was developed as a business center of the city, replacing the Merdeka-axis-Salemba Senen-Jatinegara. The first large settlements made by the private developer is Pondok Indah (PT Building Jaya) in the late 1970s in South Jakarta
The rate of population growth have been trying pressured by the governor Ali Sadikin in the early 1970s with the stated Jakarta as a "closed city" for immigrants. This policy can not walk and forgotten in the times of the next governor's leadership. Until now, Jakarta is still wrestling with the problems caused by overcrowding, such as flooding, congestion, and lack of adequate public transportation.
In May 1998, riots in Jakarta which claimed many ethnic Chinese. MPR / DPR building occupied by students who want reform. The aftermath of this riot was the fall of President Suharto from the presidency.
Jakarta is a city with economic growth rates quite rapidly. Currently, more than 70% of state money circulating in Jakarta. Jakarta's economy is mainly supported by trade, services, property, creative industries, and finance. Some trade centers in Jakarta, which became a pretty big turnover is the Tanah Abang area and Glodok. Both these regions respectively at the center of the textile trade and the circulation to the rest of Indonesia. Even for textile goods from Tanah Abang, many also become an export commodity. As for the financial sector, which contributes greatly to the economy of Jakarta is the banking industry and capital markets. For the capital market, in May 2013 the Indonesian Stock Exchange recorded as exchanges that provide the greatest advantage, after the Tokyo Stock Exchange. In the same month, Indonesia Stock Exchange market capitalization has reached $ 510.98 billion, the second highest in the ASEAN region.
In 2012, per capita income in Jakarta is Rp 110.46 million per year (USD 12.270). As for the upper middle class with an income of Rp 240.62 million per year (USD 26.735), reaching 20% of the population. Here also lived more than half of rich people in Indonesia with an income of at least USD 100,000 per year. Their wealth was mainly supported by the rise in share prices and property significantly. Today Jakarta is a city with a growth rate that is the highest price of luxury properties in the world, reaching 38.1%. In addition to luxury residences, Jakarta property growth was also supported by sales and rental of office space. In the period 2009-2012, the construction of skyscraper buildings (above 150 meters) in Jakarta reached 87.5%. This has put Jakarta as one of the cities with the fastest growth in the world's skyscrapers. In 2020, the estimated number of skyscrapers in Jakarta to reach 250 units. And at that Jakarta has had the tallest building in Southeast Asia with a height of up to 638 meters (The Signature Tower).
In Jakarta, a road network and highways that serve the entire city, but the development of the number of cars with the number of paths is lame (5-10% to 4-5%).
According to data from the Jakarta Transportation Agency, listed 46 areas with 100 points prone intersection jammed in Jakarta. Definition is prone to traffic jams unstable flow, low speed and long lines. In addition to the citizens of Jakarta, congestion is also compounded by the commuters from the towns around Jakarta such as Depok, Bekasi, Tangerang and Bogor who works in Jakarta. For in the city, congestion can be seen in Jalan Sudirman, Jalan Thamrin, Jalan Rasuna Said, Jalan Satrio, and Jalan Gatot Subroto. Congestion often occurs in the morning and afternoon, which is when an hour away and home office.
To serve the mobility of the population of Jakarta, the government provides the means PPD bus. There are also city buses managed by private parties, such as Mayasari Bhakti, Metro Mini, Kopaja, and Bianglala. These buses serving routes that connect the terminals in the city, among others Pulogadung, Kampung Rambutan, Blok M, Kalideres, Grogol, Tanjung Priok, Lebak Bulus, Rawamangun, and Kampung Melayu. To transport environment, there is public transportation such as microbus and KWK, route from the terminal to the environment around the terminal. There are also motorcycles, three-wheeler, and a minibus to transport over short distances. Unlike other areas in Jakarta are using the motorcycle, in the area of Tanjung Priok and Jakarta Kota, motorcycle riders using the bicycle. Transport tricycles are still often found in a suburb of Jakarta such as in Bekasi, Tangerang and Depok.
Jakarta Provincial Government has embarked on the construction of the underground (subway) and MRT Jakarta in 2013. Subway lines Lebak Bulus to the Hotel Indonesia roundabout along 15 km will operate in 2017. Line monorail train lines are also being prepared serving Semanggi – Roxy privately funded and Brass track – Cawang – Bekasi – Soekarno Hatta financed central government. To track railway, the central government is preparing a double track on the railway track lines Manggarai Cikarang. Also, currently being constructed railway line from Manggarai to Soekarno-Hatta Airport in Cengkareng.
TransJakarta
Since 2004, the Regional Government of DKI Jakarta has presented the public transport service known as the Busway. This service uses AC buses and bus stops are located in a special line. Currently there are twelve Transjakarta corridor which has been in operation, namely:
Koridor 1 Blok M – Stasiun Kota
Koridor 2 Pulogadung – Harmoni
Koridor 3 Kalideres – Harmoni
Koridor 4 Pulogadung – Dukuh Atas
Koridor 5 Kampung Melayu – Ancol
Koridor 6 Ragunan – Latuharhary – Dukuh Atas
Koridor 7 Kampung Rambutan – Kampung Melayu
Koridor 8 Lebak Bulus – Harmoni
Koridor 9 Pinang Ranti – Pluit
Koridor 10 Cililitan – Tanjung Priok
Koridor 11 Kampung Melayu – Pulo Gebang
Koridor 12 Pluit – Tanjung Priok
Eletric Train
In addition to city buses, public transportation, rickshaws and buses Busway, the mainstay of public transportation in Jakarta is the electric train or commonly known as CommuterLine Jakarta. Electric train operates from morning till night, serving the community of commuters who live in around Jabodetabek. There are several electric train lines, namely:
Jalur Merah Jakarta Kota – Bogor, lewat Gambir, Manggarai, Pasar Minggu, dan Depok.
Jalur Jingga Bogor – Jatinegara, lewat Gambir, Jakarta Kota, dan Pasar Senen
Jalur Biru Jakarta Kota – Bekasi, lewat Gambir, Manggarai, dan Jatinegara
Jalur Hijau Tanah Abang – Maja, lewat Kebayoran Lama dan Serpong
Jalur Coklat Duri – Tangerang, lewat Rawa Buaya
Jalur Pink Jakarta Kota – Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok
River Transport
River transport, or more popularly known as "Waterways", is a system of alternative transportation through rivers in Jakarta, Indonesia. This transport system inaugurated by Jakarta Governor Sutiyoso on June 6, 2007. This system is part of the arrangement of the transportation system in Jakarta called Macro Transportation Pattern (PTM). In PTM noted that the direction of arrangement of the transportation system is the integration of several transport model that includes Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Light Rapid Transit (LRT), Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), and River Transport (Waterways).
Waterways began to operate and be integrated in the transport macro Jakarta after the inauguration of the Mist-rubber along 1.7 kilometers by Governor Sutiyoso on June 6, 2007. These are part of the route planning Manggarai-rubber along the 3.6 kilometer. Waterways is a continuation of the operation of the transportation system Busway. To initiate Waterways, Jakarta Transportation Agency operates two ships, each with a capacity of 28 people called KM KM grouper grouper III and IV 8 knots maximum speed.
As one of the world metropolitan city, Jakarta has had supporting infrastructure such as roads, electricity, telecommunications, water, gas, fiber optics, airports, and ports. Currently the ratio of road in Jakarta reaches 6.2% of the total area. [23] In addition to the protocol, the economy, and the environment, Jakarta is also supported by a network of Inner Ring Road, Outer Ring Road, Highway jagorawi, and Roads Ulujami-Serpong toll. The government also plans to build the second phase of Outer Ring that surrounds the city of Soekarno Hatta Jakarta-Tangerang-Serpong-Cinere-Cimanggis-Cibitung-Tanjung Priok.
For all other cities in Java, Jakarta is connected with the Jakarta-Cikampek Toll Road that connected with the road Cipularang. Also available train service departing from the station of departure in Jakarta six. To go to the island of Sumatra, available segment Jakarta-Merak toll road followed by a crossing service from Merak to Bakauheni.
For out of the island and abroad, Jakarta has a sea port at Tanjung Priok and two airports, namely:
Soekarno Hatta International Airport, Cengkareng, Banten, which serves as the main entrance to Indonesia. From and to Soekarno Hatta Airport, available Damri bus which deliver passengers to and from Gambir,Rawamangun, Blok M, Pasar Minggu, Kampung Rambutan, Bogor, dan Bekasi, dll
Halim Airport which many state functions to serve airlines and domestic flights
For water supply, now Jakarta is served by two foreign companies, namely Thames Jaya (UK) for the area east of the Ciliwung, and PAM Lyonnaise Jaya (France) for the area west of Ciliwung. In 2010, the two companies are simply supplying clean water to 44% of the population of Jakarta
Based on BPS data in 2011, the population of Jakarta is 10,187,595 inhabitants. But at noon, this figure could grow over the coming workers from the satellite cities such as Bekasi, Tangerang, Bogor and Depok.
Historical population
65.000 —
99.100 +52.5%
102.900 +3.8%
138.600 +19.6%
1.733.600 +188.9%
2.814.000 +62.3%
2.906.533 +3.3%
Religion professed by the inhabitants of Jakarta vary. According to data from the city government in 2005, the composition of religious adherents in the city are Islam (84.4%), Protestant (6.2%), Catholics (5.7%), Hindus (1.2%), and Buddha (3.5%) Total Buddhists seen more as people Konghucu also included. This figure is not much different from the situation in 1980, where Muslims amounted to 84.4%, followed by Protestants (6.3%), Catholics (2.9%), Hindu and Buddhist (5.7%), and Not religion (0.3%) According to Cribb, in 1971 the adherents of Confucianism in relative terms was 1.7%. In 1980 and 2005, the census does not record the religious affiliation of the six recognized religions other than the government.
Various places of worship religions of the world can be found in Jakarta. Mosques and mosque, as a house of worship of Muslims, spread across the city, even in almost every environment. The largest mosque is the national mosque, Masjid Istiqlal, located in Gambir. A number of other important mosque is the Great Mosque of Al-Azhar in Kebayoran Baru, Masjid At-Tin in Taman Mini, and the Sunda Kelapa Mosque in Menteng.
While there is a large church in Jakarta, among others, Jakarta Cathedral Church, Church of Santa Theresia in Menteng, and the Church of St. James in Kelapa Gading for Catholics. Still in the nearby neighborhood, there is Immanuel Church building located across the Gambir Station for Protestants. In addition, there is the Church Koinonia in Jatinegara, Zion Church in Jakarta City, Christian Church Toraja in Kelapa Gading, North Jakarta.
For Hindus who live in Jakarta and surrounding areas, there are Adhitya Jaya Pura located in Rawamangun, East Jakarta, and Pura Segara in Cilincing, North Jakarta. Houses of worship, among others Vihara Buddhist Dhammacakka in Sunter Jaya, Theravada Buddhist Vihara Sasana in Kelapa Gading, and Vihara Silaparamitha in Cipinang Jaya. As for Confucians are Kelenteng Jin Yin Tek. Jakarta also has a synagogue used by Jewish foreign workers.
Based on the 2000 population census, it was noted that the Jakarta population numbered 8.3 million consisting of the Javanese as much as 35.16%, Betawi (27.65%), Sunda (15.27%), Chinese (5.53%) , Batak (3.61%), Minangkabau (3.18%), Malay (1.62%), Bugis (0.59%), Madura (0.57%), Banten (0.25%), and Banjar (0.1%) [27] The population and ethnic composition in Jakarta, always changing from year to year. Based on the 2000 population census, it was noted that there are at least seven major ethnic groups that inhabit Jakarta. The Javanese are the largest ethnic group with a population of 35.16% of the population of the city. Betawi amounted to 27.65% of the population of the city. Jakarta is quite rapid development since the early 1970s, has been widely displacing ethnic Betawi village to the outskirts of the city. In 1961, the Betawi still form the largest percentage in a suburb like Cengkareng, Kebon Jeruk, Pasar Minggu, and Pulogadung [28] The number of people in Jakarta because many Java development gaps between regions and Jakarta. So people looking for a job in Jakarta Java. This gave rise to the tradition of going home every year when Lebaran is the area in Jakarta simultaneously return to their home areas. Lebaran the largest number of Central Java, Jakarta is headed. In a detailed prediction of the number of travelers to Central Java in 2104 reached 7,893,681 people. Of that amount based on several categories, namely motorcycles pemudik 2,023,451 people, 2,136,138 people in a car, 3,426,702 people ride the bus, take the train 192 219 people, 26 836 people by boat, and 88 335 people boarded the plane. In fact, according to data from the Ministry of Transportation Indonesia shows travelers purpose of Jakarta is 61% Central Java, East Java 39% and 10% elsewhere. Judging from his profession, 28% of travelers are private sector employees, 27% self-employed, 17% civil / military / police, 10% of students / college students, housewives 9% and 9% other professions. Itemized according to the travelers revenue, 44% of income Rp. 3-5 Million, 42% of income Rp. 1-3 Million, 10% income Rp. 5-10 million, 3% income below Rp. 1 million and 1% income above Rp. 10 Million. [
The Chinese have been present in Jakarta since the 17th century. They used to live clustered in areas where settlements are known as Chinatown. Chinatown or Kampong China can be found in Glodok, Pinangsia, and Jatinegara, in addition to new residential housing in the area of Kelapa Gading, Pluit and Sunter. Many Chinese people who work as entrepreneurs or merchants. Besides ethnic Chinese, ethnic Minangkabau too much to trade, including wholesale and retail trade in the traditional markets of the city.
Society of Eastern Indonesia, especially ethnic Bugis, Makassar and Ambon, concentrated in the area of Tanjung Priok. In this region too, there are still many people of Portuguese descent, as well as those who came from Luzon, Philippines.
Jakarta is located in the north of the island of Java, at the mouth of the Ciliwung, Jakarta Bay. Jakarta lies in the lowlands at an average height of 8 meters above sea level. This resulted in Jakarta is often flooded. South Jakarta is a mountainous area with high rainfall. Jakarta crossed by 13 rivers all boils down to the Bay of Jakarta. Most importantly Ciliwung river, which divides the city into two. The east and south of Jakarta is bordered by West Java province and in the west by the province of Banten.
Thousand Islands is an administrative district located in the Bay of Jakarta. About 105 islands located 45 km (28 miles) north of the city.
Jakarta has a hot air temperature and dry or tropical climates. Located in the western part of Indonesia, Jakarta experienced the peak of the rainy season in January and February with an average rainfall of 350 millimeters with an average temperature of 27 ° C. Rainfall between the months of January and early February so high, that's when Jakarta was flooded every year, and the peak of the dry season in August with an average rainfall of 60 millimeters. In September and early October are the days were very hot in Jakata, temperatures can reach 40 ° C. [34]. The annual average temperature ranges between 25 ° -38 ° C (77 ° -100 ° F)
Rata-rata tertinggi °C (°F)
Rata-rata terendah °C (°F)
Presipitasi mm (inci)
384.7 309.8 100.3 257.8 133.4 83.1 30.8 34.2 29.0 33.1 175.0 84.0 1655.2
Rata-rata hari hujan
26 20 15 18 13 17 5 24 6 9 22 12 —
Sumber: World Meteorological Organisation
Jepege @ Kompas 50th Anniversary event


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Hutto Real Estate
Situated about 23 miles northeast of Austin off Highway 79, the small town of Hutto has undergone explosive growth over the past decade. Despite the city's rapid population gain, Hutto manages to maintain a strong sense of community with its numerous community events and initiatives. Among these is the "Let's Move Hutto" initiative, which encourages residents to utilize the community's numerous parks and trails.[Read more about Hutto...]
Hutto Homes for Sale
236 Properties Found.
341 Heritage Loop
Coldwell Banker United Realtor
112 Brushy Creek Trl
Re/max Vision
120 Cavalier Cv
Keller Williams Realty-gt
4 Bed, 3 Bath, 3163 Sqft, 2 Acres
321 Comanche Cir
Texas Platinum Properties
Cityscape Property Group
301 East St
4 Bed, 3 Bath, 4044 Sqft, 0.6 Acres
105 Elm Green Cv
Chisholm Trail Properties
216 Silkstone St
Horizon Realty
127 Mount Ellen St
104 Turvey Cv
Amne Texas Brokerage, Llc
321 Lismore St
1102 Knowles Dr
M/i Homes Realty
108 Skylark Ln
Ctx Listings, Llc
516 Tanda Ln
Dennis Ciani
503 Hereford Loop
112 Blanco Dr
Keller Williams Realty-rr
121 Greenock Cv
305 Simmental Loop
1104 Bethpage Dr
All City Real Estate Ltd. Co
123 Plantain Dr
408 E Nakoma
Nb Elite Realty
Hutto, Texas Lifestyle
Residents of Hutto attend school within the Hutto Independent School District (ISD). The district, which is one of the fastest-growing school districts in the country, currently boasts five elementary schools. Other schools in the district include Hutto Muddle School, Farley Middle School and Hutto High School. The district has received a "Recognized" rating from the Texas Education Agency. The high school also has strong extracurriculars, with the Hutto Hippos reaching the Class 3A Division II state championship in 2005.
The history of Hutto dates back to the 19th century, with the city being established in 1876. At this time, the International-Great Northern Railroad passed through land in the area that was owned by James Emory Hutto. It is this connection to Hutto that led to the name of the city. In 1876, Hutto sold 50 acres to the Texas Land Company of New York for a town site. Years later, local legend states that a circus train stopped in the town in 1915. At this time, a hippopotamus got out of a railcar and wandered to nearby Cottonwood Creek. The Depot Agent telegraphed nearby communities with the message of, "Stop trains, hippo loose in Hutto." The animal was ultimately freed from the waters of the muddy creek and returned to the train car, after which time the high school adopted the hippo as its mascot.
Today, Hutto, Texas is among the fastest growing communities in Texas, with its population increasing by well over 1000 percent in the past decade. Due to the community's rapid growth, it was dubbed "Hutto under construction" by its mayor in 2012. The community is currently undergoing a five-year plan to improve its parks, wastewater treatment and parks. To further assist with the city's growth, it has also developed the first accredited Economic Development Corporation in the Austin area. The corporation is in charge of expanding brands and local industry in the area. Despite the city's rapid growth, many of Hutto's historic buildings remain standing within the city.
With its great location near Austin and its rapid growth, it is not a surprise that there is a great demand for homes in Hutto.


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Quick video
We can't stop watching this Vine of Paul Casey moving his lips weirdly at the Tour Championship
By Stephen Hennessey
This isn't exactly the type of highlight video we typically see in golf. This wasn't a chip in or a hole-in-one. Nope, this was a slo-mo video of Paul Casey moving his lips in disgust.
Don't know why, but this is fascinating. You know when you make a noise with your lips when you're frustrated? That's what Casey did on Friday at the Tour Championship in his second round. Except it seems like he did it for a really long time. And the NBC cameras and announcers really ate it up.
Dan Hicks was confused on whether to say Casey looked like a fish or a horse. So they called him both. A little weird. But so was Casey's reaction.
Casey's doing enough to warrant some other highlights. The Englishman is tied for second in the middle of his second round.
Here's Casey hitting a near-buried lie in the bunker to a couple of feet. You know, 'cuz these guys are gooood.


The Heath Ledger: The Tubes had more than one single, thank you very much.
The Tubes had more than one single, thank you very much.
SUBJECT: Expanded Discographies of near-forgotten 1970s/1980s New Wave Bands.
"She's a Beauty." Sure. Got it. Thanks, MTV. Everyone's heard that damn song a billion times. But did you know we, uh, The Tubes had other singles and albums that demand attention? I mean, why would I l lie?
For the record, I am not the former lead singer of The Tubes. I am Wee Faybill. They guy you're probably thinking I am is Fee Waybill. Way different. Like, the first letters are totally switched. See? My first name starts with a W, and his starts with an F. It's funny because my last name starts with an F, and his starts with a W. Kooky!
Anywho, we, uh, The Tubes were a new wave band from San Francisco. They opened for Led Zeppelin for pete sakes! Do you think a super-talented band like The Tubes would be allowed to open for Led Zeppelin if they only had one song? No way.
Heck we, uh, they had an album way back in the mid-1970s. I, uh, the lead singer was born in 1950 for crying out loud. He's probably being treated for diverticulitis and mild hip dysplasia by now. I don't know, I'm just guessing here. He's probably also paying a bit too much for car insurance. I should — he should really remember to take care of that. Anyways, he's at least 65, which is getting up there in age. You would think a 65-year-old man would have more than one song to his credit, wouldn't you?
"White Punks on Dope" was our their first real single. They also had that other song, hold on, let me look it up ... oh, yeah ..."Talk to Ya Later" which was kind-of popular for about two weeks in 1981.
All I'm saying is there's more music than you realize out there, kids. So check out our, uh, their web page at www.thetubes.com or look them up on YouTubes. Ha. Tubes.


text:
Scott Morrison eyes long-term cashless debit card roll out
Welfare crackdown
By Rob Harris
September 8, 2019 — 12.00am
Scott Morrison is eyeing a national roll out of the cashless debit card as part of a self-described "compassionate conservative" welfare agenda but says he is prepared to be patient to ensure communities embrace the program before a nationwide expansion.
The Prime Minister says the results from the program's trials - which quarantines 80 per cent of unemployment and various other welfare payments to prevent them being spent on alcohol, drugs or gambling - are "commending itself for wider application", potentially for an under-30s age group.
Welfare advocates continue to dispute the effects of the program, with the government having commissioned new independent appraisals of the card's impact on communities after the auditor general found its department's evaluations were "inadequate".
In an exclusive interview with The Sunday Age and Sun-Herald, Mr Morrison has also defended his plans to trial drug testing for new job seekers as a justifiable government intervention to "help people get on their feet again".
Resisting calls to increase Newstart payment in the short term, Mr Morrison said the priorities of his government was not to overburden the $191 billion welfare system, amid predictions Australia's ageing population will hit the budget bottom line by around $36 billion over the next decade with a $9 billion increase in the age pension alone.
He said the government would continue to target Australians "trapped in a welfare net" for help, increase efforts to combat homelessness, sharpen its focus on getting Australians under 24 into work, retrain workers aged 45-70 and combat ageist attitudes from businesses towards employing them.
The cashless debit card trial in Ceduna in 2016 was met with some community resistance. Credit:Alex Ellinghausen
Reviving plans to trial drug testing for new Youth Allowance and Newstart recipients and a $129 million expansion cashless debit card trials to the Northern Territory and Cape York has put the federal government on a collision course with Labor and the Greens and attracted fierce criticism from welfare groups, who say the "extreme" measures will not work and only further stigmatise those on benefits.
"Welfare is not an end in itself," Mr Morrison said. "It's a means to help people and support people be stronger, not weaker.
"It's not unreasonable for the taxpayer to say: 'Well, I'm happy to give you the support. But I'm not going to have you spend it on drugs or gambling'."
Labor supported the initial 2016 cashless debit trials in remote Australia but opposes the addition of extra sites and a national roll-out, citing a lack of evidence and community support.
The government is preparing to allow Australians to volunteer to take part in the pilot income management program, as soon as January 1, and is working with banks and business to iron out issues with the card's use in stores, improve mobile phone payment technology and merge the quarantined cash system with regular bank cards.
Mr Morrison said he would take his time before putting in place plans for a wider roll out.
"Its success in these communities has been that the communities themselves have been the ones that have decided to proceed with it," he said.
"I think it would be a mistake not to appreciate how important that has been in its success."
Coalition MPs have called for a broader roll out to regions of high unemployment and disadvantage, having been buoyed by recent results from a trial of those aged under 36 in Bundaberg and Hervey Bay in Queensland.
Prime Minister Scott Morrison says the impact of cashless debit cards on unemployment and alcohol fueled violence merits a bigger roll out. Credit:AAP
Youth unemployment in the region has dropped from 19.8 per cent in January to 18.5 per cent in August, with the number of people in the region on welfare falling at double the national rate.
Initial findings from two trial communities of Ceduna and the East Kimberley found that 41 per cent of participants reported drinking alcohol less frequently, 48 per cent reported gambling less and 48 per cent reported using illegal drugs less often.
The evaluation also found "widespread spill-over benefits" from the card, with 40 per cent of the trial participants surveyed saying they were better able to look after their children.
The Australian National Audit Office found in June last year it was "difficult to conclude" where social harm had been reduced due to a "lack of robustness in data collection".
New independent studies from the University of South Australia into the trials of the card are set to be completed by the end of the year.
St Vincent de Paul is among many welfare groups who have criticised the measures, saying there is no evidence compulsory income management results had widespread or sustained benefits – either to individuals or communities.
Rob Harris is the national affairs editor for The Sydney Morning Herald and The Age, based at Parliament House in CanberraConnect via email.