text:
3.12010 census
4Government
4.1Local government
4.2Federal, state and county representation
4.3Politics
6Transportation
6.1Roads and highways
6.2Public transportation
7Organizations
8Notable people
9Twin towns — Sister cities
Dunellen, New Jersey
Borough in Middlesex County, New Jersey, US
Borough in New Jersey
Borough of Dunellen
"The Railroad Town"[1]
"Small Enough to Know You, Large Enough to Serve You."[1]
Dunellen highlighted in Middlesex County. Inset: location of Middlesex County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Census Bureau map of Dunellen, New Jersey
Location in Middlesex County
Show map of Middlesex County, New Jersey
Location in New Jersey
Show map of New Jersey
Coordinates: 40°35′25″N 74°27′56″W / 40.590294°N 74.465652°W / 40.590294; -74.465652Coordinates: 40°35′25″N 74°27′56″W / 40.590294°N 74.465652°W / 40.590294; -74.465652[2][3]
Named for
Dunellen station
Jason F. Cilento (R, term ends December 31, 2023)[4][5]
• Administrator
William M. Robins[6]
• Municipal clerk
0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) 0.00%
495th of 565 in state
23rd of 25 in county[2]
(2020)[11][12]
• Estimate
21st of 25 in county[14]
7,191.1/sq mi (2,776.5/km2)
66th of 566 in state
4th of 25 in county[14]
UTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
08812[15][16]
732 and 908[17]
3402318490[2][18][19]
0885198[2][20]
www.dunellen-nj.gov
Dunellen (/dʌ.nɛl.ən/) is a borough in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is located within the Raritan Valley region. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 7,637,[11][12] an increase of 410 (+5.7%) from the 2010 census count of 7,227,[21][22][23] which in turn reflected an increase of 404 (+5.9%) from the 6,823 counted in the 2000 census.[24]
Dunellen was formed as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on October 28, 1887, when it broke away from Piscataway Township, based on the results of a referendum held on March 23, 1886. Dunellen's incorporation was confirmed on April 15, 1914.[25] The borough was named for the Dunellen station of the Central Railroad of New Jersey.[26]
The earliest inhabitants of the area that would become Dunellen were the Lenape Native Americans; several Lenape sites in Dunellen were identified as part of a comprehensive survey in 1915.[27][28] European settlers were drawn to the area as early as 1682, attracted by the productive agricultural land.[29]
Railroad access from New York City to present-day Dunellen began in 1840.[30] Dunellen grew from its start in 1867 with the construction of a railroad station, which was originally called New Market station, serving the nearby community of the same name in Piscataway.[31] When it was originally constructed, the tracks were at grade level with North Avenue and the railroad was the Elizabethtown and Somerville Railroad, which later became part of the Central Railroad of New Jersey. The Central Railroad of New Jersey, created the residential development in the area which it owned surrounding its train station.[30] The railroad brought industry to the area.
The Art Color factory built in 1925 was Dunellen's principal industry and produced as many as 10 million magazines a month. The W. F. Hall Printing Company of Chicago bought Art Color in 1931, and ran it until 1968, when it closed the plant there.[32]
Geography[edit]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 1.06 square miles (2.75 km2), all of which was land.[2][3] Dunellen is in the Raritan Valley, a line of communities in central New Jersey. Dunellen is in the central division along with Bound Brook, South Bound Brook and Middlesex.
The borough borders Middlesex and Piscataway Township in Middlesex County; Green Brook Township in Somerset County; and Plainfield in Union County.[33][34][35]
Demographics[edit]
1980 6,593 −6.8%
2021 (est.) 7,568 [11][13] −0.9%
Population sources:
1880–1920[36] 1880–1890[37]
1930–1990[40] 2000[41][42]
2010[21][22][23] 2020[11][12]
2010 census[edit]
The 2010 United States census counted 7,227 people, 2,566 households, and 1,763 families in the borough. The population density was 6,894.8 per square mile (2,662.1/km2). There were 2,683 housing units at an average density of 2,559.7 per square mile (988.3/km2). The racial makeup was 73.46% (5,309) White, 8.62% (623) Black or African American, 0.26% (19) Native American, 4.51% (326) Asian, 0.06% (4) Pacific Islander, 9.67% (699) from other races, and 3.42% (247) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26.75% (1,933) of the population.[21]
Of the 2,566 households, 33.0% had children under the age of 18; 49.4% were married couples living together; 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present and 31.3% were non-families. Of all households, 24.9% were made up of individuals and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.36.[21]
23.7% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.1 years. For every 100 females, the population had 101.3 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 100.4 males.[21]
The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $74,375 (with a margin of error of +/− $13,504) and the median family income was $88,527 (+/− $13,868). Males had a median income of $48,542 (+/− $13,495) versus $43,920 (+/− $12,613) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $30,960 (+/− $3,015). About 5.6% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.8% of those under age 18 and 9.5% of those age 65 or over.[43]
As of the 2000 United States census[18] there were 6,823 people, 2,451 households, and 1,710 families residing in the borough. The population density was 6,573.9 people per square mile (2,533.1/km2). There were 2,520 housing units at an average density of 2,428.0 per square mile (935.6/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 84.07% White, 3.66% African American, 0.25% Native American, 3.56% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 6.38% from other races, and 2.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.80% of the population.[41][42]
There were 2,451 households, out of which 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.30.[41][42]
In the borough the population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 36.0% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.2 males.[41][42]
The median income for a household in the borough was $59,205, and the median income for a family was $67,188. Males had a median income of $45,000 versus $34,130 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $26,529. About 1.4% of families and 3.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.0% of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over.[41][42]
Government[edit]
Local government[edit]
Dunellen is governed under the Borough form of New Jersey municipal government, which is used in 218 municipalities (of the 564) statewide, making it the most common form of government in New Jersey.[44] The governing body is comprised of the Mayor and the Borough Council, with all positions elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. A Mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office. The Borough Council is comprised of six members elected to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis, with two seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle.[8] The Borough form of government used by Dunellen is a "weak mayor / strong council" government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie. The mayor can veto ordinances subject to an override by a two-thirds majority vote of the council. The mayor makes committee and liaison assignments for council members, and most appointments are made by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council.[45][46]
As of 2022[update], the Mayor of Dunellen is Republican Jason F. Cilento, whose term of office ends December 31, 2023. Members of the Borough Council (with party and term-end year in parentheses) are Council President Trina Rios (R, 2022), Teresa Albertson (R, 2024), Jessica Dunne (D, 2023), Joseph Paltjon (R, 2024), Daniel Cole Sigmon (R, 2022) and Harold VanDermark (D, 2023; appointed to serve an unexpired term).[4][47][48][49][50]
In October 2021, the Borough Council selected Harold VanDermark from a list of three candidates nominated by the Democratic municipal committee to fill the seat expiring in December 2023 that had been held by Tremayne Reid until he resigned earlier that month. VanDermark will serve on an interim basis until the November 2021 general election, when voters will choose a candidate to serve the balance of the term of office.[51]
Federal, state and county representation[edit]
Dunellen is located in the 12th Congressional District[52] and is part of New Jersey's 22nd state legislative district.[22][53][54] Prior to the 2010 Census, Dunellen had been part of the 6th Congressional District, a change made by the New Jersey Redistricting Commission that took effect in January 2013, based on the results of the November 2012 general elections.[55]
For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's Twelfth Congressional District is represented by Bonnie Watson Coleman (D, Ewing Township).[56][57] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027)[58] and Bob Menendez (Harrison, term ends 2025).[59][60]
For the 2022–2023 session, the 22nd Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Nicholas Scutari (D, Linden) and in the General Assembly by Linda S. Carter (D, Plainfield) and James J. Kennedy (D, Rahway).[61]
Middlesex County is governed by a Board of County Commissioners, whose seven members are elected at-large on a partisan basis to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either two or three seats coming up for election each year as part of the November general election. At an annual reorganization meeting held in January, the board selects from among its members a commissioner director and deputy director.[62] As of 2022[update], Middlesex County's Commissioners (with party affiliation, term-end year, and residence listed in parentheses) are Commissioner Director Ronald G. Rios (D, Carteret, term as commissioner ends December 31, 2024; term as commissioner director ends 2022),[63] Commissioner Deputy Director Shanti Narra (D, North Brunswick, term as commissioner ends 2024; term as deputy director ends 2022),[64] Claribel A. "Clary" Azcona-Barber (D, New Brunswick, 2022),[65] Charles Kenny (D, Woodbridge Township, 2022),[66] Leslie Koppel (D, Monroe Township, 2023),[67] Chanelle Scott McCullum (D, Piscataway, 2024)[68] and Charles E. Tomaro (D, Edison, 2023).[69][70] Constitutional officers are County Clerk Nancy Pinkin (D, 2025, East Brunswick),[71][72] Sheriff Mildred S. Scott (D, 2022, Piscataway)[73][74] and Surrogate Claribel Cortes (D, 2026; North Brunswick).[75][76][77]
Politics[edit]
As of March 2011, there were a total of 3,775 registered voters in Dunellen, of which 1,063 (28.2%) were registered as Democrats, 726 (19.2%) were registered as Republicans and 1,983 (52.5%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 3 voters registered as Libertarians or Greens.[78]
In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 56.1% of the vote (1,387 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 42.3% (1,047 votes), and other candidates with 1.6% (39 votes), among the 2,488 ballots cast by the borough's 3,842 registered voters (15 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 64.8%.[79][80] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 52.9% of the vote (1,478 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 44.5% (1,244 votes) and other candidates with 1.8% (50 votes), among the 2,794 ballots cast by the borough's 3,883 registered voters, for a turnout of 72.0%.[81] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 50.0% of the vote (1,260 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 48.0% (1,211 votes) and other candidates with 1.2% (44 votes), among the 2,521 ballots cast by the borough's 3,666 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 68.8.[82]
In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 64.7% of the vote (982 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 33.2% (503 votes), and other candidates with 2.1% (32 votes), among the 1,540 ballots cast by the borough's 3,894 registered voters (23 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 39.5%.[83][84] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 54.6% of the vote (944 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 34.1% (589 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 8.9% (153 votes) and other candidates with 1.9% (33 votes), among the 1,728 ballots cast by the borough's 3,744 registered voters, yielding a 46.2% turnout.[85]
Education[edit]
The Dunellen Public Schools serve students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.[86] As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprised of three schools, had an enrollment of 1,238 students and 112.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.1:1.[87] Schools in the district (with 2020–21 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[88]) are John P. Faber School[89] with 591 students in grades PreK-5, Lincoln Middle School[90] with 246 students in grades 6-8 and Dunellen High School[91] with 372 students in grades 9-12.[92][93][94]
Eighth grade students from all of Middlesex County are eligible to apply to attend the high school programs offered by the Middlesex County Vocational and Technical Schools, a county-wide vocational school district that offers full-time career and technical education at Middlesex County Academy in Edison, the Academy for Allied Health and Biomedical Sciences in Woodbridge Township and at its East Brunswick, Perth Amboy and Piscataway technical high schools, with no tuition charged to students for attendance.[95][96]
Transportation[edit]
Route 28 in Dunellen
Roads and highways[edit]
As of May 2010[update], the borough had a total of 17.82 miles (28.68 km) of roadways, of which 14.29 miles (23.00 km) were maintained by the municipality, 2.48 miles (3.99 km) by Middlesex County and 1.05 miles (1.69 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[97]
No Interstate or U.S. highways serve Dunellen directly.[98] The most prominent roads passing through the borough include New Jersey Route 28[99] and County Route 529.[100]
Public transportation[edit]
The Dunellen station offers NJ Transit service on the Raritan Valley Line.[101] There is a ticket office open only during morning rush hour and a small waiting area at this stop. There are now automated ticket machines located next to the office. A simple station, there are two tracks with two small side platforms. The station is located on a high embankment.[102]
NJ Transit bus service is provided on the 113 and 114 routes to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan, with local service on the 59, 65 and 66 routes.[103][104]
Suburban Transit offers service between Dunellen and Atlantic City on its 700 route.[105]
Organizations[edit]
Juggling Life is a non-profit organization whose purpose is to inspire and emotionally heal ill and/or disadvantaged children through juggling and the arts.[106]
Notable people[edit]
See also: Category:People from Dunellen, New Jersey
People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Dunellen include:
Tom Brislin (born 1973), keyboardist/songwriter/vocalist for the band Kansas since 2018[107]
Bob Fitzsimmons (1863–1917), a boxer who was the sport's first three-division world champion[108]
Bob Maier (1915–1993), third baseman who played for the Detroit Tigers team that won the 1945 World Series in his only season in the Major Leagues[109]
Sydney McLaughlin (born 1999), hurdler and sprinter who won the Gold Medal in the 400-meter hurdles at the 2020 Summer Olympics[110]
Judith Persichilli (born 1949), nurse and health care executive who has served as the Commissioner of the New Jersey Department of Health[111]
William Marsh Rice (1816–1900), businessman who bequeathed his fortune to found Rice University[112]
Tom Scharpling (born 1969), author, screenwriter, broadcaster, and media executive; creator and host of The Best Show[113]
Walter Stone (1920–1999), writer for The Honeymooners and The Jackie Gleason Show[114]
Frank Umont (1917–1991), Major League Baseball umpire[115]
Twin towns — Sister cities[edit]
Dunellen is twinned with:
Borgonovo Val Tidone, Italy[116]
Castel San Giovanni, Italy[116]
^ a b Kuperinsky, Amy. "'The Jewel of the Meadowlands'?: N.J.'s best, worst and weirdest town slogans", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, January 22, 2015. Accessed July 12, 2016. "Dunellen, in Middlesex County, is 'Small Enough to Know You, Large Enough to Serve You.' Councilman Jason Cilento says the slogan is 'a bit of a mystery,' and that it's easier to explain the nickname 'Railroad Town,' for its reputation as a bedroom community for New York commuters."
^ a b c d e 2019 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey Places, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 1, 2020.
^ a b US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
^ a b Mayor and Council, Borough of Dunellen. Accessed May 23, 2022.
^ 2022 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed March 1, 2022.
^ Administration, Borough of Dunellen. Accessed May 23, 2022.
^ Municipal Clerk, Borough of Dunellen. Accessed May 23, 2022.
^ a b 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 98.
^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Borough of Dunellen, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 5, 2013.
^ a b c d e QuickFacts Dunellen borough, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 10, 2022.
^ a b c Total Population: Census 2010 - Census 2020 New Jersey Municipalities, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 1, 2022.
^ a b Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Minor Civil Divisions in New Jersey: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 1, 2022.
^ a b GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 22, 2012.
^ Look Up a ZIP Code for Dunellen, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed November 22, 2012.
^ Zip Codes, State of New Jersey. Accessed October 9, 2013.
^ Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Dunellen, NJ, Area-Codes.com. Accessed October 8, 2013.
^ a b U.S. Census website , United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
^ Geographic Codes Lookup for New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed April 1, 2022.
^ US Board on Geographic Names, United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.
^ a b c d e DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data for Dunellen borough, Middlesex County, New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 30, 2012.
^ a b c Municipalities Sorted by 2011-2020 Legislative District, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed February 1, 2020.
^ a b Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Dunellen borough Archived 2014-04-24 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed May 30, 2012.
^ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 Archived 2013-05-20 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed November 22, 2012.
^ Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 170. Accessed May 30, 2012.
^ Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed August 29, 2015.
^ Heleniak, Heidi. "Local Lenni-Lenape Sites Mentioned in 1915 Survey Article", Dunellen411, July 25, 2015. Accessed December 3, 2019.
^ Spier, Leslie. "Indian Remains near Plainfield, Union County, and along the Lower Delaware Valley", Geological Survey of New Jersey. Accessed December 3, 2019.
^ Triolo, John; and Marren-Licht, Liz. Dunellen, p. 7. Arcadia Publishing, 2012. ISBN 9780738591612. Accessed December 3, 2019. "The Dunellen area was verdant farmland settled by early colonialists, such as David Coriell in 1682, Reune Runyon in 1736, Cornelius Boice in 1768, and Peter Marcellas and Zacharaiah Pound in 1780."
^ a b Dunellen Transit Hub Strategic Plan, Borough of Dunellen, June 2019. Accessed December 3, 2019. "The railroad from New York was extended to the area now known as Dunellen in 1840. The Borough of Dunellen, incorporated in 1887 when it separated from Piscataway, was built by the Central Railroad of New Jersey. The railroad company owned the land, built the railroad and subdivided the surrounding farmland into a residential community."
^ Loyer, Susan. "Dunellen: Tremendous effort by parents, tremendous fun for kids", Home News Tribune, June 5, 2005. Accessed May 30, 2012. "Originally part of Piscataway, Dunellen was established in 1867 and grew up around the New Jersey Central Railroad station, which was known as New Market station."
^ Arnold A. Schwartz Archived 2008-04-16 at the Wayback Machine, Dunellen Public Library. Accessed April 1, 2008.
^ Areas touching Dunellen, MapIt. Accessed July 12, 2016.
^ Municipalities, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed December 1, 2019.
^ New Jersey Municipal Boundaries, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed November 15, 2019.
^ Compendium of censuses 1726-1905: together with the tabulated returns of 1905, New Jersey Department of State, 1906. Accessed October 9, 2013.
^ Porter, Robert Percival. Preliminary Results as Contained in the Eleventh Census Bulletins: Volume III - 51 to 75, p. 98. United States Census Bureau, 1890. Accessed November 22, 2012.
^ Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910: Population by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions, 1910, 1900, 1890, United States Census Bureau, p. 337. Accessed May 30, 2012.
^ Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 - Population Volume I, United States Census Bureau, p. 717. Accessed May 30, 2012.
^ New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network. Accessed June 28, 2015.
^ a b c d e Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Dunellen borough, New Jersey Archived 2014-07-12 at the Wayback Machine, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 30, 2012.
^ a b c d e DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Dunellen borough, Middlesex County, New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 22, 2012.
^ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Dunellen borough, Middlesex County, New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 30, 2012.
^ Inventory of Municipal Forms of Government in New Jersey, Rutgers University Center for Government Studies, July 1, 2011. Accessed November 18, 2019.
^ Cerra, Michael F. "Forms of Government: Everything You've Always Wanted to Know, But Were Afraid to Ask" Archived 2014-09-24 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey State League of Municipalities. Accessed November 30, 2014.
^ "Forms of Municipal Government in New Jersey", p. 6. Rutgers University Center for Government Studies. Accessed June 3, 2015.
^ 2022 Municipal Data Sheet, Borough of Dunellen. Accessed May 23, 2022.
^ General Election November 2, 2021 Official Results, Middlesex County, New Jersey, updated November 19, 2021. Accessed April 13, 2022.
^ Election Results 2020, Middlesex County, New Jersey, as certified on November 20, 2020. Accessed January 21, 2021.
^ November 5, 2019 General Election Official Results, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 1, 2020.
^ Borough Council Meeting Minutes for October 18, 2021, Borough of Dunellen. Accessed May 23, 2022. "WHEREAS, Tremayne Reid resigned his position as Councilperson for the Borough of Dunellen on October 4, 2021; and WHEREAS, the Democratic Municipal Committee has presented to the Dunellen Borough Council the names of three eligible persons to fill the vacancy; and... NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, by the Mayor and Council of the Borough of Dunellen, that Harold Vandermark be selected to fill the vacancy of the Council seat held by Tremayne Reid, said term to expire on December 31, 2022, with the intervening General Election to be held on November 8, 2022 to select a candidate to fill the remaining term of Tremayne Reid that would have expired on December 31, 2023."
^ Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2020.
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^ Directory of Representatives: New Jersey, United States House of Representatives. Accessed January 3, 2019.
^ Biography, Congresswoman Bonnie Watson Coleman. Accessed January 3, 2019. "Watson Coleman and her husband William reside in Ewing Township and are blessed to have three sons; William, Troy, and Jared and three grandchildren; William, Kamryn and Ashanee."
^ U.S. Sen. Cory Booker cruises past Republican challenger Rik Mehta in New Jersey, PhillyVoice. Accessed April 30, 2021. "He now owns a home and lives in Newark's Central Ward community."
^ Biography of Bob Menendez, United States Senate, January 26, 2015. "Menendez, who started his political career in Union City, moved in September from Paramus to one of Harrison's new apartment buildings near the town's PATH station.."
^ Home, sweet home: Bob Menendez back in Hudson County. nj.com. Accessed April 30, 2021. "Booker, Cory A. - (D - NJ) Class II; Menendez, Robert - (D - NJ) Class I"
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^ Board of County Commissioners, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022. "The residents of Middlesex County's 25 municipalities elect seven (7) persons to serve as members of the Board of County Commissioners. The Commissioners are elected at large to staggered three-year terms in the November general election. In January of each year, the Board reorganizes, selecting one Commissioner to be County Commissioner Director and another to be County Commissioner Deputy Director."
^ Ronald G. Rios, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Shanti Narra, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Claribel A. Azcona-Barber, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Charles Kenny, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Leslie Koppel, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Chanelle Scott McCullum, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Charles E. Tomaro, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ 2022 County Data Sheet, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Nancy J. Pinkin, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Clerks, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed June 19, 2022.
^ Mildred S. Scott, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Sheriffs, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed June 19, 2022.
^ Claribel Cortes, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Constitutional Officers, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 1, 2022.
^ Surrogates, Constitutional Officers Association of New Jersey. Accessed June 19, 2022.
^ Voter Registration Summary - Middlesex, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed November 22, 2012.
^ "Presidential General Election Results - November 6, 2012 - Middlesex County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
^ "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 6, 2012 - General Election Results - Middlesex County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
^ 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Middlesex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed November 22, 2012.
^ 2004 Presidential Election: Middlesex County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed November 22, 2012.
^ "Governor - Middlesex County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
^ "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 5, 2013 - General Election Results - Middlesex County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
^ 2009 Governor: Middlesex County Archived 2012-10-17 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed November 22, 2012.
^ Dunellen Board of Education District Policy 0110 - Identification, Dunellen Public Schools. Accessed August 28, 2022. "Purpose: The Board of Education exists for the purpose of providing a thorough and efficient system of free public education in grades kindergarten through twelve in the Dunellen School District.. Composition: The Dunellen School District is comprised of all the area within the municipal boundaries of Dunellen."
^ District information for Dunellen Public School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 15, 2022.
^ School Data for the Dunellen Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed February 15, 2022.
^ John P. Faber School, Dunellen Public Schools. Accessed August 28, 2022.
^ Lincoln Middle School, Dunellen Public Schools. Accessed August 28, 2022.
^ Dunellen High School, Dunellen Public Schools. Accessed August 28, 2022.
^ School Performance Reports for the Dunellen Public School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed August 28, 2022.
^ Schools, Borough of Dunellen. Accessed September 28, 2022.
^ New Jersey School Directory for the Dunellen Public Schools, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed December 29, 2016.
^ Heyboer, Kelly. "How to get your kid a seat in one of N.J.'s hardest-to-get-into high schools", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, May 2017. Accessed November 18, 2019. "Middlesex County has two stand-alone career academies for high-achieving students: the Academy for Science, Math and Engineering Technology, located on the campus of Middlesex County College in Edison, and the Academy for Allied Health and Biomedical Sciences in Woodbridge. How to apply: Students must attend a mandatory information session and submit an application by November of their 8th grade year."
^ Locations, Middlesex County Vocational and Technical Schools. Accessed December 2, 2019.
^ Middlesex County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed July 18, 2014.
^ Middlesex County Road Map, New Jersey Department of Transportation. Accessed December 10, 2022.
^ Route 28 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated March 2017. Accessed December 3, 2019.
^ County Route 529 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated November 2012. Accessed December 3, 2019.
^ Raritan Valley Line, NJ Transit. Accessed October 8, 2013.
^ Dunellen station, NJ Transit. Accessed October 8, 2013.
^ Middlesex County Bus/Rail Connections, NJ Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 22, 2009. Accessed September 3, 2011.
^ Middlesex County Transit Guide 2013 Edition, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Accessed December 3, 2019.
^ Schedule Details: Dunellen, NJ to Atlantic City, NJ, Suburban Transit. Accessed December 3, 2019.
^ A Brief History, Juggling Life. Accessed April 20, 2015.
^ Hicks, Robert. "Spiraling gets its music to the masses with technology", Daily Record, March 16, 2005. Accessed December 10, 2022, via Newspapers.com. "Brislin hails from Dunellen but now lives in Piscataway."
^ Staff. "'Bob' Fitzsimmons Robbed.", The New York Times, March 19, 1913. Accessed May 30, 2012. "The home of 'Bob' Fitzsimmons, the ex-champion prizefighter, at Dunellen, was robbed of $1500 worth of silverware some time within the last few days, while the family was away."
^ Bob Maier, Baseball-Reference.com. Accessed May 30, 2012.
^ [1] Team USA. Accessed August 6, 2021.
^ Burling, Stacey. "Catholic Health East names a new leader", The Philadelphia Inquirer, December 16, 2009. Accessed July 18, 2019. "Persichilli, who grew up in Dunellen, N.J., began her career in health care as a staff nurse after graduating from the St. Francis School of Nursing, Trenton, in 1968."
^ Staff. "W.M. Rice's Sudden Death; Detectives at Work on Lines Which They Do Not Disclose. A.T. Patrick's Statement Charles F. Jones Says He Was Instructed to Withhold the News that His Employer Was Dead.", The New York Times, September 27, 1900. Accessed May 30, 2012. "During his visits to the North he lived part of the time at Dunellen, N. J., and later at the Grenoble, Seventh Avenue and Fifty-sixth Street."
^ LaGorce, Tammy. "In Person; Gotcha! Stay Tuned", The New York Times, January 1, 2006. Accessed July 18, 2019. "'It's great when people you admire like what you're doing,' Mr. Scharpling, who grew up in Dunellen, writes for Monk in Summit and lives with his wife in Woodbridge, said before a recent Best Show."
^ Triolo, John; and Marren-Licht, Liz. Dunellen, p. 124. Arcadia Publishing, 2012. ISBN 9780738591612. Accessed April 10, 2016. "Walter Stone, chief writer for the Honeymooners television series, was born in Dunellen in 1920."
^ Staff. "J.J. Awaits Draft; New Jersey Sports Canada Interested", The New York Times, January 26, 1974. Accessed May 30, 2012. "Frank Umont of Dunellen, the former major league umpire who also played for the New York Football Giants in the 1940s also will be on the dais..."
^ a b Sister City: Val Tidone, Italy, Boroug hof Dunellen. Accessed May 23, 2022. "On July 2, 2018, the Mayor and Borough Council approved a resolution establishing the sister relationship with Val Tidone, Italy.... In order to promote exchanges in educational, cultural, recreational and economic fields, the Borough of Dunellen agreed to the Sister City relationship with the towns of Borgonovo V.T. and Castel San Giovanni."
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The page provides the exchange rate of 4500 Omani Rial (OMR) to US Dollar (USD), sale and conversion rate. Moreover, we added the list of the most popular conversions for visualization and the history table with exchange rate diagram for 4500 Omani Rial (OMR) to US Dollar (USD) from Saturday, 20/04/2019 till Saturday, 13/04/2019. Latest update of 4500 Omani Rial (OMR) exchange rate.
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text:
The 2007 Winton round of the V8 Supercar Championship is the fourth of the 2007 V8 Supercar season. It was held on the weekend of 18 to 20 May at Winton Motor Raceway in Victoria (Australia).

Pre-round
Two main stories occurred between the previously race at Pukekohe and this round. Firstly Brad Jones announced his immediate retirement from the V8 Supercar championship after a 20-year career. Jones will be replaced from the Winton round for the remainder of the season by Simon Wills. Secondly the Supercheap Auto Racing team was sold by Kees Weel to the No Limit Group. The sale however later fell apart without being completed.

Qualifying
Qualifying was held on Saturday 19 May 2007.

Part 1
The first session of qualifying began with Todd Kelly quickest, however his teammate at the Holden Racing Team Mark Skaife began with a spin. As Winton is a test track for a number of the teams, it could be seen that these teams had an advantage over the other teams. After the first session, Garth Tander was quickest from Todd Kelly and Jack Daniel's Racing's Shane Price. However some of the bigger names did not back the top 20 drivers to advance to the second part of qualifying including Greg Murphy and Russell Ingall. Ingall was later relegated to the back of the grid after failing to have his car weighed after qualifying.

Part 2
In the second part of qualifying, Jason Richards of Tasman Motorsport was quickest at the start of the session. The session was relatively clean, however Steven Richards ran wide through the mud at turn 11. After the session, Todd Kelly, Garth Tander and Jason Richards were the top three, with both Mark Skaife and Craig Lowndes missing out.

Part 3
Part 3 of qualifying was a clean session, with Todd Kelly leading from Tander and Price at the midpoint of the session. As the session progressed, Tander and Jason Richards battled for second position.

After qualifying had finished, Todd Kelly took pole position from Garth Tander and Jason Richards. In their best qualifying session of the year, the Jack Daniels Racing team drivers of Shane Price and Jack Perkins qualified fifth and eighth respectively.

Race 1
Race 1 was held on Saturday 19 May 2007. The race started in wet conditions and this caused a number of incidents to occur in the first few laps. Garth Tander was able to take the lead on the first lap, however a number of drivers including Jason Bright, Mark Skaife, Russell Ingall and James Courtney all went off the track on the first lap.

On lap 2, Jason Richards run wide at turn 11 and went off the track from second position, and then on lap 3, the Todd Kelly in second collided with the leader Garth Tander causing Tander to spin. He rejoined the race in 12th position. Following this incident, Todd Kelly then spun off the track on lap 6 at turn 11 and got stuck in the gravel trap, which caused the safety car to come out.

The race was restarted on lap 9, however almost immediately Paul Dumbrell collided with Russell Ingall causing steering damage to Ingall's car which then went off the track and into the gravel trap. This again caused the safety car to come out.

At the restart on lap 12, Lee Holdsworth was able to take the lead from Mark Winterbottom before Winterbottom retook the lead at turn 3 of the same lap. Soon after, the safety car came out again as Todd Kelly spun off the track. Once the compulsory pit stops had been completed, Jamie Whincup lead from Rick Kelly and Craig Lowndes.

Towards the end of the race Mark Winterbottom, who was using slick tyres on the drying track collided with Max Wilson which caused Winterbottom to go off at turn 11 and caused the safety car to come out for a fourth time. The safety car came in with 3 laps to go, and James Courtney made a number of positions running on dry tyres.

At the end of the 40 laps, Jamie Whincup gave Ford their first win of the season from Steven Richards and Rick Kelly after Courtney was given a penalty for an incident wit Greg Murphy on the penultimate lap.

Race 2
Race 2 was held on Sunday 20 May 2007. The race was also held in wet conditions however the start was relatively clean. Mark Skaife once again had a bad race, running off the circuit at turn 11 on lap 5. He was also the first driver to change from wet weather tyres to slicks as the racing line dried on lap 10. This began a trend where the drivers lower down the field also changed to slick to try to take advantage of the drying track, while the leaders stayed on wet weather tyres.

On lap 14, Jason Richards spun off the track and crashed into the wall on slick tyres after driving off the dry race line. Craig Lowndes also had a spin at turn 1. The first safety car of the race occurred when Lee Holdsworth spun off the track and crashed heavily into the wall at turn 4. This caused major damage to the rear of the Garry Rogers Motorsport car. During the safety car period, it started raining again and the drivers that changed to slicks had to go back to wet weather tyres.

After the restart on lap 25, Jamie Whincup took the lead from Tander, however Tander retook the lead at turn 3 of the same lap. Over the last 10 laps, Tander and Whincup battled for the lead in damp conditions and while dealing with lapped traffic. At the end of the race, Garth Tander won, from Jamie Whincup and teammate Rick Kelly.

Race 3
Race 3 was held on Sunday 20 May 2007. The race began in dry conditions and this remained the same for the remainder of the race. Garth Tander lead the race in the early stages of the race. Steve Johnson retired for the race with an engine problem, and Mark Skaife also had a problem with the suspension of his car, ending a bad weekend for him.

The only safety car of the race was due to Paul Morris spinning off at turn 12 and becoming stuck in the sand trap. This was caused by oil which had been spilt on the approach to turn 12 and a number of drivers also rain wide and off the circuit because of the oil, however Morris was the only driver to get stuck.

The safety car came in on lap 27 and Tander continued to lead the race until the finish where he won the race from Jamie Whincup and Rick Kelly.

Results

Qualifying

Race 1 results

Race 2 results

Race 3 results

References

External links
 Winton Motor Raceway website

Winton
May 2007 sports events in Australia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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text:
Jul 13 Historic Supreme Court Decision Strikes Down Part of a Federal Violent Criminal Statute
Cecil Caulkins
LBN's Bob Donley reports that the Supreme Court has issued a very important decision that got ignored by the media in their intense coverage of the Obamacare and same-sex marriage cases. The Court's opinion in Johnson v. United States is one of seven cases in the Court's term just completed in which the Court sided with a criminal defendant.
Justice Antonin Scalia wrote the majority opinion that struck down a portion of the thirty-year-old Armed Career Criminal Act. The Court held that the statute was defective in part because it was void for vagueness. The Court had not issued such a holding in fifteen years. The ACCA imposed mandatory sentences on violent criminal defendants who committed crimes using firearms. The residual clause of the statute attempted to define a violent crime as one including a potential risk of violence. The Supreme Court held that the provision was too vague because it didn't let people know which crimes were covered.
Scalia said that imposing a sentence based on this provision involved legal guesswork. He also noted that the Court had tried without success on four prior occasions to define the residual clause. In a previous dissent, Scalia had characterized the provision for "shoddy draftsmanship." The Court held that the sentencing provision was inherently unfair.
The Johnson case could cast a very long shadow. Federal prosecutors have invoked the ACCA in a number of cases, many of them involving African American and Hispanic defendants. The United States has a larger prison population than any other nation. And the ACCA contributes many of the prisoners who are serving mandatory sentences.
The Legal Broadcast Network is a featured network of the Sequence Media Group.
Jul 14 Ferguson MO Revisited: Bob Donley Wonders, Where's the Video?
Jul 9 California SB 277 Vaccine Law Signed

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Annastacia Palaszczuk announces $500m infrastructure fund
Kim Stephens reports in the Brisbane Times (13.3.16) on the government's release of its long-awaited infrastructure plan. Amid budget constraints and uncertainty over federal government co-funding, the $500 million plan for accelerated capital works was described by Deputy Premier Jackie Trad as a 'downpayment' on future projects.
'A notorious Pacific Motorway traffic choke point has been prioritised for a $210 million dollar upgrade by the State Government, as part of a new state infrastructure fund announced by Premier Annastacia Palaszczuk on Sunday.
'But the project remains dependent on Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull coming to the party with nearly $170 million to get it off the ground.
'The southbound merge of the Pacific and Gateway motorways, which regularly creates a congestion nightmare for Gold Coast bound motorists, is one of seven priority projects announced by Premier Annastacia Palaszczuk and Deputy Premier Jackie Trad, as part of their newly unveiled $500 million state infrastructure fund.'
Annastacia Palaszczuk announces $500m infrastructure fund »
Short-term politics the enemy of long-term traffic planning in Brisbane »


text:
The US president has signalled his intentions simply and clearly
What the Arabic media is saying about Donald Trump's vision of "America first". Translated by Jennifer Attieh
President Donald Trump takes the oath of office. Jim Bourg / EPA
In his inaugural speech, Donald Trump pledged: "From this day forward, a new vision will govern our land. From this moment on, it's going to be America first."
Writing in Aletihad, the Arabic-language sister publication of The National, Abdul Wahab Badrakhan noted that Mr Trump's inaugural speech greatly matched his electoral pledge.
"The new president has reiterated his ideas – despite the criticism and controversy they stirred – to show that he was adamant about his populism plans to which he owes his victory," Badrakhan said.
The writer said the slogan "America first" was an extension of the slogan "Make America great again", which Mr Trump used during his election campaign.
"According to Mr Trump, internal and foreign policies are no longer useful as they have caused financial and economic regression. He no longer saw in trade and business figures a reflection of his country's greatness and power," Badrakhan wrote.
He added that Mr Trump's era marks a parting from globalisation, a concept that was invented by the Americans but that benefited China the most and had even placed China in competition with the United States.
The writer said that the concept of globalisation strongly contrasted with Mr Trump's slogan, which suggests seclusion and closed boundaries.
"Mr Trump's obsession with changing the trade rules under his 'America first' slogan goes hand-in-hand with a tendency to modify the norms of international relations," Badrakhan said. "This includes establishing a new cooperation with Russia, applauding the break-up of the European Union and fuelling a climate of hostility with China."
In this context, he continued, Mr Trump is elaborating his immigration policy in connection with security and counter-terrorism requirements. He is also putting forward a low-cost foreign defence strategy, because he insists that his commitment to fighting terrorism – just like his plan for a wall between the US and Mexico – are to be paid for by other countries.
According to the writer, Mr Trump's approach will strip the principles, values and morals that have often covered the country's dubious goals and violations of international laws – as in the case of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
"What Barack Obama has been reproached for – with respect to withdrawing his country from the Arab region before resolving the conflicts that the United States had a hand in igniting – Donald Trump might adopt as a fixed approach," the writer said.
Writing in the pan-Arab daily paper Asharq Al Awsat, Saudi columnist Turki Al Dakhil said Mr Trump's "America first" slogan shows that the US will no longer support other powers at its expense – an allusion to Nato and the European Union.
Al Dakhil noted that some analysts are excessively optimistic in their belief that Mr Trump will extensively discuss Arab and Middle East issues, while others see the new president as a racist enemy who equates Muslims with evil and loathes Arab people.
However, the writer gave a much simpler explanation. "Mr Trump is a businessman with an interest-orientated mindset as he has mentioned in his speech. The United States's relations with other countries will be based on one, and only one, factor – namely his country's actual interests."
According to the writer, we should look for common factors to build a more interactive future between the current US administration and the forces of moderation in the Arab and Islamic world. Only then can we establish successful partnerships with the US.
"People were moved to tears when Barack Obama delivered his inaugural speech. But to their disappointment, he was adamant on turning his back on moderate countries and moving towards Iran and Cuba.
"As such, it would be wiser to refrain from making any hasty judgments until the new US administration shows its true colour."
The writer concluded that the "America first" slogan is a message to the world that relations with his country will henceforth rotate around US interests, nothing more, nothing less.
Translated by Jennifer Attieh
translation@thenational.ae
ArabicOpinionCommentMake America Great
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How to Find a Good Teacher. There three distinct steps in finding a teacher: telephone queries, calling references, and in-studio interviews. Adult Students... the global online resource for the alexander technique Home What is the Alexander Technique and what are its benefits? How can I find a Teacher or Course?
One of the most frequent questions I get when I talk about my intensive language projects is how do I find a good teacher? Today I want to cover this question in as much detail as possible, as part of my Skype language lesson series of posts. how to get emac docotor on terminal The Master of Teaching has prerequisite and grade entry requirements to be considered for entry. Specifically, you must maintain a weighted average mark of 65% or higher.
A question that comes up nowadays: How do I find a teacher? This question is an important one. I would even say it is the most important one. Unless we limit our interest in Buddhism to philosophy, history or literature, a teacher is essential. roblox how to find viruses ingame There are golf teachers and coaches every couple of miles down the road these days. However, this may be a big problem for the players and parents of young players.
How to become a teacher What will I study?
the global online resource for the alexander technique Home What is the Alexander Technique and what are its benefits? How can I find a Teacher or Course?
A question that comes up nowadays: How do I find a teacher? This question is an important one. I would even say it is the most important one. Unless we limit our interest in Buddhism to philosophy, history or literature, a teacher is essential.
There are golf teachers and coaches every couple of miles down the road these days. However, this may be a big problem for the players and parents of young players.
The Teachers Act is based on two foundational principles: the paramount nature of the public interest and transparency.


Congress president Rahul Gandhi on Wednesday said democracy is India's greatest strength and must be defended at any cost, as he cited an incident when an Afghan lawmaker had told him that arguments that take place in Indian Parliament, are carried out with guns in that country.
Narrating the incident in a Facebook post, Gandhi recalled that one day in Parliament, he saw a group of MPs from Afghanistan sitting in the visitors' gallery. "And, I was thinking, 'these MPs have come from abroad and look what we are doing: we are shouting and screaming and yelling.At least when they are here why can't this place be in order?" Gandhi said. The Congress president said later the Afghan MPs visited him in his office and he told them that he was sorry that they were sitting in the visitors' gallery and the lawmakers were not having a nice debate and sort of arguing.
Previous articleRecapitulating the economic data, Jaitley says India needs a decisive PM alike we have one now..!


text:
Autumn has officially arrived. We had the equinox, we heard the thunder, and now that Summer is over, the sun has come out. English weather.
I'm lucky enough to live in Wiltshire. Most people couldn't point to Wiltshire on a map; it's just somewhere you go through on the way to somewhere else, so Wiltshire retains its mystery. Everybody knows about Stonehenge and the Avebury stone circle, but there is ancient history in the soil, in the folds of the hills and in the white horses etched onto those hills. There is strangeness in the prohibited areas on Salisbury plain, the deserted village of Imber which can only be visited once a year, and in the loud thumps and bumps that can be heard from Marlborough to Warminster as the army plays with its toys on the Plain, while everyone carries on as if it were some grumbling volcano waiting to erupt.
In 2009 the four district councils of Wiltshire were amalgamated, bringing North Wilts, West Wilts, Kennet and Salisbury under a unified administration. Perfectly sensible no doubt, but it conceals the fact that, under the surface, they really are four quite distinct and different places, which rarely interact with each other.
So indeed it is with Autumn, running from the equinox to the solstice, but effectively sliced into two halves by the cross-quarter day known as All Hallows (or All Saints, or Halloween 1), or Samhain. Early Autumn can be characterised by still, sunny, misty mornings, trees in shades of green and gold, the smell of bonfire smoke, and flowers in the garden, after a final flourish, beginning to die back; a feeling of busyness following the lazy days of Summer. From November on, there is a distinct change. The earlier friendliness in the elements has gone; there are strong winds, rain from grey skies, cold mornings and cold nights, gathering darkness, a sense of closing in, stocking up ready for the freezing wastes of Winter.
In between these two states of being, we find ourselves in a no-man's-land, a hiatus hovering half-way between the in-breath and the out-breath, between the bright and the dark, between life and death. This is a threshold, a liminal space, a magical space, a dangerous place, a doorway into the unknown, to disaster or rich rewards. This is the time for heroes to abandon the safety of home and set out on bold adventures, to watch as the sun sets in red and rust, and to feel the call of the wild like fire in your blood. The veil between heaven and earth is thin; spirits roam out in the material world, voices in the darkness calling your name. At night you may look long at the logs burning in the hearth, the solid wood turning to ashes as the smoke rises, and you think about those who have passed through your life and now are gone.
The people of day come and go, do their work, talk and laugh, while just below the surface, the old mysteries stir in their sleep.
1 There is a technical difference which I will ignore
Labels: autumn, countryside, dark, darkness, Death, ghost, halloween, hero, Life, liminal, mystery, mystical, samhain, spirit, supernatural, tree, unknown, wild, wiltshire


text:
Atreyu Singer Tries To Stay Sane; Plus Dark Fortress, Brutal Truth & More News That Rules, In Metal File
'I lose my mind a couple times a day now,' says singer Alex Varkatzas, who recently went off his meds.
archive-Chris-Harris 08/23/2007
Atreyu singer Alex Varkatzas used to deal with severe anxiety by taking antidepressant and anti-anxiety medication including Lexapro and Klonopin, which helped him work and tour without suffering from panic attacks. However, for the writing and recording of Atreyu's new album Lead Sails Paper Anchor, Varkatzas went cold turkey and let his emotional upheaval inform the band's songs even more directly. Of course, as any psychiatric worker will tell you, being off your meds can have its drawbacks as well.
"I lose my mind a couple times a day now," Varkatzas admitted. "But I try to deal with my emotions instead of hiding behind them, and that's something that's new for me. In the past, I always used to drink or take a pill. Now I'm learning to cope with reality."
One of Varkatzas' main coping methods these days is writing lyrics, which is partially why new tracks like "Honor," "Can't Happen Here" and first single "Becoming the Bull" are so fraught with tension and aggression. But while Varkatzas is raging as hard as ever, he's no longer ranting about getting dumped or betrayed. Instead, he's addressing larger issues such as war, self-empowerment and the importance of family.
"I'm dealing with grown-up stuff now lyrically because that's what's going on in my life," he said. "I'm 25 now. I bought a condo, so I'm dealing with the responsibilities of being a homeowner. I just had my grandpa pass away when I was on tour, and it was horrible that he was dying and I couldn't go home. There was nothing I could do about it, and I had to learn to accept that."
In addition to maturing as a lyricist, Varkatzas has branched out as a singer. With the help of vocal coach Ron Anderson and an awful lot of persistence, Varkatzas is no longer leaving all the melodic parts up to drummer Brandon Saller. Sure, Saller's honey-sweet voice washes through many of the choruses, but Varkatzas has learned to carry a tune as well, and now offers a variety of voices including a more powerful roar ("Can't Happen Here"), pained croon ("Lead Sails [And a Paper Anchor]") and Vince Neil-style yowl ("Blow").
"This is the most nervous I think I've ever been for a record," Varkatzas admitted. "I wanted to do something different and to live up to my potential, so I worked really hard to be able to handle the singing parts. I'm still not a natural singer, but when I set my mind to something, I refuse to take no for an answer."
Various stylistic nuances also contribute to the album's fresh feel. "Falling Down" is a shuffling romp that sounds like a metallic Green Day with horns; "Becoming the Bull" is embellished with industrial effects; and "Slow Burn" features pedal-steel guitar.
"This album isn't just about guitars, bass, drums and vocals," Saller said. "There are strings, opera vocals, hand claps, mandolins, Turkish saz — anything we could think of that seemed cool at the time."
Contributing to the diversity of the album was producer John Feldmann (Goldfinger, the Used), who encouraged Atreyu to push their boundaries and take chances. "He really helped us with our structuring, and figuring out what works and what didn't, and bringing a different set of ideas to our band than we would normally have," Varkatzas said. "But we put in a lot of really long and hard days. He'd make me come up with lyrics on the spot and push me so hard. I would work my ass off and try as hard as I could, and then John would go, 'You know, that's good, but you can do better.' But that pushing helped us all get to new levels on this record."
In the end, Atreyu created their most diverse and ambitious album — a disc that should shatter the metalcore box they've been forced into and help earn them a new following that appreciates good, challenging music. At the same time, many of the elements on Lead Sails Paper Anchor are poppier than past excursions — occasionally bordering on Linkin Park territory.
"This is definitely a metal record, but there's more to it as well," Saller said. "There are rock and roll, punk and even almost dance aspects. But in essence, it's a true Atreyu record. This is where we come from. This is what we are."
The rest of the week's metal news:
Machine Head's upcoming U.S. tour will be light one member. Bassist Adam Duce will miss the fall run after breaking his leg while dirt-bike riding in Redding, California. At first, doctors thought Duce had merely sprained the limb, but X-rays later confirmed the break. The injury required surgery that involved attaching a steel plate and two screws to the broken bone. Machine Head — who are in the final stages of selecting Duce's temporary replacement — will kick off their tour September 7 in Anaheim, California, and bring it to a close October 12 in Hollywood. ... Lamb of God throat specialist Randy Blythe makes a guest appearance on Overkill's next one, Immortalis, which is slated for an October 9 release. According to a statement from the band, Blythe "stepped in to give the track 'Skull and Bones' the ultimate hellish vocal-duet vibe." ... Exodus will release The Atrocity Exhibition ... Exhibit A in late October. The disc boasts nine cuts, including "Riot Act," "Children of a Worthless God" and "The Garden of Bleeding." ...
First they were calling themselves Inflikted. But now the new band — featuring Sepultura founders Max and Igor Cavalera, along with Gojira frontman Joe Duplantier on bass and Soulfly's Marc Rizzo on guitar — will go by the moniker the Cavalera Conspiracy. The band is in the process of tracking its debut LP in Los Angeles and hopes to have it ready in time for an early 2008 release through Roadrunner. ... Nebula, Les Breastfeeders and Bonk will team up for a North American tour set to kick off September 28 in Whistler, British Columbia. The trek, called "Rock de National," runs through November 10 in Los Angeles. ... On October 22, Swedish-metal minstrels Opeth will release The Roundhouse Tapes, a two-disc live set captured during the band's November 9 performance at the Roundhouse in Camden, London. The collection will include live versions of Opeth classics like "Under the Weeping Moon," "Bleak" and "Demon of the Fall." ...
Droid are no longer opening the main stage on the Family Values Tour — they're now closing the fest's second stage. ... Colorado's Planes Mistaken for Stars are throwing in the proverbial towel but plan on going out in style with a spate of to-be-announced farewell shows. In a statement, the band blamed the split on "financial strain" and "family obligations," before adding that "we just felt it was time. Our love for each other and our music has not diminished. It will always be there." ... Fear Before the March of Flames will hit the road this fall with Circa Survive and Ours for a series of 34 live gigs. The first is scheduled for October 10 in Worcester, Massachusetts, and the last for November 25 in Cleveland. ...
Dutch death-metal act Prostitute Disfigurement have finished work on their next studio outing, the aptly titled Descendants of Depravity. The set will feature nine fresh songs, including "The Sadist King and the Generalissimo of Pain," "Killing for Company" and "Fatal Fornication." ... German black-metallers Dark Fortress have found themselves a new frontman in Morean, best known for his work with Noneuclid. "Our decision is based on his immense musical and vocal abilities ... and dedication to extreme and dark music," the band said in a statement. "He will be responsible for the lyrical concept of the forthcoming album, which will be completely finished by the end of October. Expect a worldwide release via Century Media Records in early 2008, followed by increased live activities." The band's previous singer, Azathoth, left back in May, citing personal reasons. ... Norwegian death-metal outfit Chain Collector — which features Carpathian Forest guitarist Gøran Boman — will release their sophomore LP, Unrestrained, on October 22 in Europe. There's no word yet on when — or if — the disc will see an American release yet, but expect it to feature "Your Halo of Thorns," "Bringer of Sins" and "As the Play Unfolds." ...
Sometimes band breakups can be confusing or overly dramatic. In the case of Austrian extremists Pungent Stench, it's both. According to drummer Alex Wank, the band's split was "very sudden and sad," and he blames the internal strife on singer Martin Schirenc. Wank claimed in a statement that Schirenc is "jealous about my work for the Stench." Tension between the two now puts the future of the Stench's upcoming LP in doubt, as Schirenc has vowed to stop playing live gigs and working on the record. "I think the band has come to an end and there won't be any future live activities, which is sad," the drummer said. "This was always the most important thing with Pungent Stench, at least for me, and I think our supporters honored that in coming to our shows and let us feel good. I am very sorry that this unique project has come to an end." ... French black-metal act Blut Aus Nord have posted a new track, "The Sounds of the Universe," on their MySpace page. The cut is from the group's Odinist, which hits stores October 22. ... Rwake and Total F---ing Destruction will head out in October for a brief 10-date run of shows. The first takes place in Atlanta on October 5 and the last date is scheduled for October 14 in Chicago. ...
Reunited grindcore trailblazers Brutal Truth have started writing material for their forthcoming LP, which will be released through Relapse. So far, the boys have finished six new songs, which bassist Danny Lilker said in a statement "are shaping up to be some of the most intense sh-- we've ever written. After eight years, it feels damn good to write some really psychotic grind, and we've jumped right into the deep end of the pool." ... Bury Your Dead have lined up a headlining fall tour with support acts Bring Me the Horizon, Ion Dissonance and Nights Like These. The trek launches September 21 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, and runs through October 20 in Tampa, Florida. ... Dates are still being confirmed for a fall tour that will see Jesu and Torche teaming up. Things will get started in Washington, D.C., on October 18, and so far, gigs are booked through October 30 in Lawrence, Kansas. More dates will be announced in the coming weeks. ... As Cities Burn have been tapped as the support act for Dredg's upcoming tour, which begins September 20 in Reno, Nevada, and runs through October 7 in Los Angeles.
Atreyu
Dark Fortress
Les Breastfeeders
Fear Before The March Of Flames


A movie producer, who earlier this year did a documentary on gay prostitutes in New Kingston, became the target in an attempted robbery by some of the same men he had interviewed.
The 44-year-old producer was reportedly cornered by 18 gay prostitutes, armed with knives, and who demanded his phone and cash.
Last Thursday, one of the men, Orlando Morris, who was involved in the incident, appeared in the Corporate Area Resident Magistrate's Court and was remanded for sentencing after he pleaded guilty to attempted robbery.
The 23-year-old Morris was pointed out in an identification parade following the approximately 20 minutes-long incident on August 27, which took place in the vicinity of Island Car Rentals.
According to the complainant in his statement, he was walking in New Kingston and talking on his iPhone 5 about 8:33 pm when he was approached by a gay prostitute known to him as Trina, who was reportedly adorned in make-up, and another known to him as Sasha Berry.
The complainant said another one called Maurice joined them and started to search him and demanded that he give them money.
One of the men, he said, kept on demanding that he give him $1,000 as he was hungry.
As he was being searched, the complainant said other gay men began to gather and formed a circle around him. He said that they assaulted him and pushed him around.
The complainant said he counted about 18 men.
According to the complainant, while he was being searched by Sasha Berry and Trina, his phone rang and Maurice started to gyrate on his foot.
"He also bend down in front of me held onto to my feet and started to hump like a dog," the complainant said in his statement, in which he alleged that the men kept rubbing his chest inappropriately.
The complainant said he was detained for about 20 minutes by the men and that for the entire time he was in fear of his life. He said he did not respond to the men's aggression because he thought it would have escalated the situation.
However, the complainant said that he was able to escape after he spotted an opening in the circle and ran. He was chased by the men, but they retreated when he got onto Knutsford Boulevard.
The complainant said he ran to the New Kingston Police Post and reported the matter and returned to the scene with the police. One of the men was spotted, but escaped into the Shoemaker Gully.
Morris was later held and was pointed out by the complainant in an ID parade.
He was subsequently charged and was cautioned he reportedly told the police, "Mi know a lie him a tell pon mi."
However, when he appeared in court he did not challenge the allegations and quickly pleaded guilty without saying another word.
His sentencing was scheduled for October 10 to give the magistrate time to check his criminal record.
A woman was hauled before the court for reportedly wounding another woman with a bottle after she and her friends chased and beat the victim following a quarrel.
The complainant, who was dressed like a male and sported a ponytail hairstyle on Friday when she appeared in court, received injuries to one of her toes and her left foot after she was hit with a bottle, allegedly flung by the accused, Nikodene Grey of Unity community.
The court heard that on September 8 about 4:00 pm, the complainant was walking on Balcombe Drive when Grey, who was among a number of other women, saw her and shouted out "Sodomite!"
Grey and her friend reportedly started to curse the complainant and during the argument it is alleged that Grey made further disparaging remarks about the complainant.
The complainant, who reported that she was "telling them hot words too" said she was attacked by the group of women.
She ran, but the women caught her and rained several blows on her before she got a chance to escape when a passer-by came to her rescue.
But the group of women, the court heard, chased the complainant to a bar where they began to throw stones and bottles at her.
During the fracas, Grey reportedly threw a bottle which hit the complainant on her toe and foot, causing a wound.
It is alleged that the women continued attacking the complainant, but other people came to her rescue and she managed to get away from the angry group and reported the matter.
Grey was later arrested and charged with unlawful wounding. However, on Thursday when she appeared in court she pleaded not guilty and the case was set back for mention on October 3, awaiting the medical report.
The accused woman's bail was also extended.
A bus conductor was also dragged before the court following reports that he wounded his ex-girfriend at her workplace and abducted her, claiming that he wanted her to spend his birthday and the weekend with him.
The accused, Dwain Brown, 28, of Dallas Castle in St Andrew, allegedly went to his ex-girfriend's workplace at 7:30 pm and chased. She ran inside her office where he pulled a ratchet knife and cutt her on a middle finger.
It is further alleged that Brown then took the woman away against her will and told her he was going to take her to his home to spend the weekend and his birthday. However, he was held after he took the woman to a doctor's office in Papine in Kingston to get medical attention.
The incident reportedly occurred about two weeks after the complainant had moved out of his home.
On Friday, when the matter was mentioned, the prosecutor, after outlining the allegations, told Magistrate Lorna Shelly Williams that the police were opposed to bail as the complainant was fearful for her life and that Brown knows where she works and where she lives.
However, Brown's lawyer, Pearline Dove, told the court that the incident did not occur as it was reported, and that the two never ended their relationship.
According to Dove, Brown went to the complainant's workplace after he spoke with her, as they had never stopped communicating.
"He is accustomed to going to her workplace, and he would often bring certain things for her there," she said. "Even as recent as last Thursday."
"Is this so?" the magistrate asked.
"For all intents and purposes they were still together," Dove further stated.
However, when asked why Brown had pulled a knife at the complainant, she said that he did so to fend off the complainant's co-worker, who had intervened in the domestic matter.
"He had the knife in his hands, but he doesn't know how she got cut," Dove told the court.
The lawyer also told the court that her client did not abduct the complainant, but that she went with him willingly.
This was confirmed by the complainant in court.
"I went with him with the knife in his hand," she said, before indicating that she did not wish to go any further with the matter.
But the magistrate told her that the case was very serious and that she needed to give the police a further statement and to speak with the probation officer. When the matter was resumed, after it was stood down for a short while, the prosecutor told the magistrate that he needed to speak with the complainant.
As a result, Magistrate Shelly-Williams offered Brown $60,000 bail and ordered him to return to court on September 30.
A Kingston labourer was also hauled before the court for punching a man so hard in his mouth that he dislocated a tooth from his dentures.
Wayne Brown, 48-year-old resident of Frankly Avenue in Kingston, reportedly waylaided the complainant in the parking lot of a bar in downtown Kingston and assaulted him.
On Thursday, when the matter was mentioned, Brown told the court that the attack was sparked by a unpaid debt.
"Him owe mi some money from February and ah can't get nuh goods, and ah can't get back mi money," he explained.
"So when you punched him, yuh get back the money?" Magistrate Simone Wolfe-Reece asked.
But Brown said he delivered the punch after the complainant punched him when he confronted him about the money.
"I was talking to him and I hold on pon him key and him flash me off and punch mi and mi punch him back," Brown said.
The magistrate, after hearing Brown's report, extended his bail for him to return to court on October 3 for the matter to be mentioned.
The incident occurred on September 23 about 8:50 pm on Victoria Street.


text:
Macarena Pizarro Prieto (Santiago, 22 de julho de 1973) é uma apresentadora e jornalista chilena.

Em 2002 ganhou o Prêmio APES de melhor liderança jornalística na televisão e em 2004 foi eleita entre as 100 mulheres mais destacadas do ano nas áreas acadêmica, pública e de serviço social. Participou de vários especiais jornalísticos como correspondente: em Londres durante a prisão de Augusto Pinochet, na Guerra do Golfo, na eleição papal de Bento XVI, no Transantiago e na educação chilena.

Notas

Jornalistas do Chile


We recently acquired a yogurt maker. I should preface this with the fact that I am really picky about yogurt. I like the yogurt I've had in Europe. It's not sweeter... but different. Creamier, less gelatinous. Just better. There are only a few I've found in American grocery stores that I care for (Liberte being one). So buying a kitchen appliance which has the sole purpose of making yogurt seemed like a risky proposition.
Aaron ordered some yogurt culture and picked up a half gallon of Pittsford Farms Dairy whole milk and we were on our way. It was surprisingly easy. Mix a wee bit of culture in with the milk and (because we wanted thicker yogurt) heated it on the stove. If you don't mind runnier yogurt you can put the milk straight into the machine. Then it runs for 8 hours, switches to cooling mode and you are done.
I like this yogurt maker because it has one container that the yogurt is made in rather than other models where the yogurt is made in individual containers. They are cute litte glass jars, but since we would be layering in additions after, it would just make more dirty jars anyhow. This is one container to clean and store in the fridge.
The verdict? This yogurt picky pants liked it. Of course we did make parfaits with granola, blueberries and honey, but truly, I liked the yogurt. It doesn't get that layer of watery white liquid on the top of it. I'm kind of amazed all it took was milk and that little magic packet of culture.
We also tried it with cherries. Remember all the berries we picked last summer? I am so glad I froze a lot of them!
Making homemade yogurt is on that "homesteading to-do" list of mine for 2015...yours looks exceptionally yummy.
Oooh. "Homesteading to-do"!!! Is that list on your blog?
In a crock pot? Fascinating! And shoot... I didn't know about the saving some of the yogurt for the next batch!


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text:
package main.java.workload.twitter;

public abstract class TwitterConstants {
	public static final String TBL_USER = "user_profiles";
    public static final String TBL_TWEETS = "tweets";
    public static final String TBL_FOLLOWS = "follows";
    public static final String TBL_FOLLOWERS = "followers";

    public static final int NUM_USERS = 500; // Twitter Scale Factor - Number of Users
    public static final int NUM_TWEETS = 20000;
    public static final int MAX_FOLLOW_PER_USER = 50;
    public static final int LIMIT_TWEETS = 100;
    public static final int LIMIT_TWEETS_FOR_UID = 10;
    public static final int LIMIT_FOLLOWERS = 20;

	public static final double ZIPF_EXP = 1.75; // 1.75 ~ 2.0
}


text:
The Bedfordshire Regiment in World War One
An Infantry Regiment was, at the start of the war, divided into three battalions, two of them active service units and the other (3rd Battalion) a depot battalion, used to train new recruits which then moved on to one of the other two battalions for active service.
During the war the number of battalions fielded by infantry regiments mushroomed. The Bedfordshire Regiment, one of the smallest, had battalions as set out below. Some regiments had over thirty! Many of the additional battalions were for home service (as with the Young Soldier battalions of the Bedfordshire Regiment) or were Service Battalions, designed for active service for the duration of the war, after which they were disbanded.
Territorial Army battalions were first formed in 1908 and were made up of part-time personnel (referred to, rather scornfully, as Saturday afternoon soldiers) and were intended for home defence. They made up the 5th Battalion of a regiment. On the outbreak of war men with these battalions were asked whether they were prepared to serve overseas on active duty. Those who agreed became part of 1st/5th Battalion. In the Bedfordshire Regiment those who did not agree and would only serve at home were moved to 2nd/5th Battalion. In larger regiments this 2nd /5th Battalion was often also an active service unit. The Bedfordshire Regiment formed a further home service battalion, 3rd/5th during the war. In many regiments the 4th Battalion was also either a depot battalion or a territorial battalion but in Bedfordshire it was an Extra Reserve Battalion, being made up of men from the former militia. It, too, served overseas.
Infantry battalions of the same regiment rarely served in the same brigade [see below] except where that regiment had a large number of battalions – such as the King's (Liverpool) or the London Regiment. The army tried, wherever possible, to avoid the practice as large casualties for a particular brigade would thus be felt very significantly in one small geographical area rather than sharing the burden. Each battalion had a headquarters, nominally of 99 men and four companies (A-D) each, nominally of 227 men, making a battalion at full strength 1,007 men. In the field battalions were usually much below this figure due to casualties, illness and men being away on courses and fatigue duty such as bridge guarding or assisting Royal Engineers. Each battalion was divided into four platoons each of four sections, making sixteen platoons in a battalion and sixty four sections. A Battalion was usually commanded by a colonel or lieutenant-colonel.
The battalions of the Bedfordshire Regiment were as follows, those in bold type being units which saw active service:
1st Battalion (regular)
2nd Battalion (regular)
3rd Battalion (depot)
4th Battalion (extra reserve)
1st/5th Battalion (Territorial Army)
2nd/5th Battalion (Territorial Army – formed September 1914, disbanded 18th March 1918, served at Newmarket, Harrogate, Darlington and Nottinghamshire)
3rd/5th Battalion (Territorial Army – formed June 1915 served at Windsor and Tring, merged with 1st Reserve Battalion, Hertfordshire Regiment July 1917 and served at Crowborough and Hastings)
6th Battalion (Service – formed August 1914, reduced to a training cadre May 1918 with most men joining 1st/1st Hertfordshire Regiment, disbanded August 1918)
7th Battalion (Service – formed September 1914, reduced to a training cadre May 1918 with most men transferring to 2nd Battalion, Bedfordshire Regiment and disbanded July 1918)
8th Battalion (Service – October 1914, disbanded February 1918)
9th Battalion (Reserve – formed October 1914 as a Service Battalion and placed in 94th Brigade, 31st Division. It was reduced at a Reserve Battalion in April 1915 and served at Colchester. Absorbed into 6th Reserve Brigade in September 1916)
10th Battalion (Reserve – formed November 1914 as a Service Battalion and placed in 106th Brigade, 35th Division. It was reduced at a Reserve Battalion in April 1915 and served at Colchester and Dovercourt. It was converted into 27th Training Reserve Battalion of 6th Reserve Brigade in September 1916 before becoming 53rd (Young Soldier) Battalion in October 1917)
12th Battalion (Transport Workers – formed December 1916 providing men for docks and ports)
13th Battalion (Transport Workers – formed March 1917 providing men for docks and ports)
18th Battalion (formed January 1917 and served at Lowestoft)
1st Garrison Battalion (formed December 1915 serving in India from February 1916)
2nd Garrison Battalion (formed December 1916 serving in India from February 1917)
3rd Garrison Battalion (formed January 1917 serving in Burma from November 1917)
51st Battalion (Graduated –it had been 10th (Reserve) Battalion, Norfolk Regiment until September 1916, then 249th Graduated Battalion until October 1917. A training unit at Colchester until February 1918 after which it served in Norfolk)
52nd Battalion (Graduated –it had been 10th (Reserve) Battalion, Suffolk Regiment until September 1916, then 252nd Graduated Battalion until October 1917. A training unit at Colchester until February 1918 after which it served in Norfolk)
53rd Battalion (Young Soldier – the former 10th Battalion)
Four infantry battalions were amalgamated to form a brigade, usually of different regiments, for example, 54th Infantry Brigade comprised 7th Battalion, Bedfordshire Regiment, 11th Battalion, Royal Fusiliers, 6th Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment and 12th Battalion Middlesex Regiment. Thus a brigade was, in theory about 4,000 men. A brigade was commanded by a Brigadier-General. Sometimes battalions were moved into or out of a brigade but in general the organisation remained remarkably stable throughout the war until the Spring of 1918 when a combination of losses and the government's refusal to send large number of recruits from home resulted in one battalion in every four being disbanded and a brigade reduced to three battalions. In the case of 54th Brigade 12th Middlesex and 7th Bedfords were disbanded, though the 7th Bedfords were replaced by 2nd Bedfords.
Three brigades formed a division, which also had a pioneer battalion for digging and other manual labour, but which could also fight as well as artillery, machine gun, medical and other support units. The combat total was, nominally, around 12,000 men. A division was commanded by a Major general. Sometimes brigades were moved from one division to another but generally they remained stable, in the same way as the composition of a brigade. Some divisions earned a reputation as elite formations, such as Guards Division, 7th Division and 18th (Eastern) Division, whilst others such as 46th (North Midland) Division found a poor reputation hard to shake. They were held to have failed badly on the first day of the Battle of the Somme. However, they redeemed themselves in 1918 by their spectacular piercing of the Hindenburg Line.
From two to five divisions were formed into a corps. This was never a static formation and had divisions moving in an out on a regular basis as tired divisions were rotated with fresh ones during battles. A corps was commanded by a Lieutenant General. In 1914 the British Army on the western Front was divided into just two corps. By the Armistice there were eighteen British corps in France and Belgium in addition to others in Italy, Greece and Palestine. There was also a Canadian Corps and an Australian-New Zealand (ANZAC) Corps on the Western Front.
These corps were divided into a number of armies, two to six per army. The original British Expeditionary Force of 1914 formed one army. This became two armies in December 1914 and three in July 1915. A fourth army was created in February 1916. A Reserve Army was created in May 1916 and later renamed 5th Army. An army was commanded by a General.
The active service units of the Bedfordshire Regiment were divided into the following formations:
1st Battalion: 15th Brigade, 5th Division from August 1914
2nd Battalion: 21st Brigade, 7th Division from August 1914 until December 1915 then 89th Brigade, 30th Division until February 1918 then 90th Brigade, 30th Division until May 1918 then 54th Brigade, 18th (Eastern) Division
4th Battalion: 190th Brigade, 63rd (Royal Naval) Division from July 1916
1st/5th Battalion: 162nf Brigade, 54th (East Anglian) Division from May 1915
6th Battalion: 112th Brigade, 37th Division from March 1915
7th Battalion: 54th Brigade, 18th (Eastern) Division from February 1915
8th Battalion: 71st Brigade, 24th Division until October 1915 when 71st Brigade, 6th Division until November 1915 when 16th Brigade, 6th Division


To assist our members and their families in drought affected areas in this difficult time, Girl Guides NSW & ACT invites members and their families in these drought affected areas to seek funding from the Girl Guides NSW & ACT Disaster Fund of an amount up to $300 per family.
Funding is available to Guide members and their families in regional NSW & ACT communities where agriculture is the primary industry.
To apply for funding, please email guides@girlguides-nswact.org.au with your member number, email address, residential address and name of Girl Guide(s) in your family, or yourself if you are an adult member. We will be in contact with you to let you know of the total funds available to you, up to $300, and to organise payment.
Please note that funding is limited to up to $300 per family and cannot be guaranteed. Successful applicants are at the discretion of Girl Guides NSW & ACT.
If you have any questions, please contact Girl Guides NSW & ACT's Chief Executive Officer Helen White 02 8396 5200.
Closing date for applications is 19 September 2018. Download this article.


Headstones, memorials and grave markers.
Professional representation & legal advice.
Places to give back to your community.
Zeda Mary Yarema passed away at the General Hospital on Saturday, April 20, 2002. Zeda was predeceased by her husbands, James Smail and Peter Yarema. Daughter of the late Thomas and Mary Whiteley.
Irma DePauli passed away at the General Hospital on Sunday, April 21, 2002 at the age of 83 years. Beloved wife of Emilio (Nino) DePauli. Dear mother of Fausto DePauli (Brenda Burville) of Ancaster and Paula Ungar (Vaughan) of Sault Ste. Marie.
Raymond Edward McBride passed away peacefully at the Sault Area Hospitals on Saturday, April 20, 2002 in his 61st year. Beloved husband of Eloise (Boe). Father of Chris (Corey), Ed, Scott, Cherie (Mike) Belanger, Heather and the late Victoria Lynn.
Edna Swityk passed away at the Sault Area Hospitals on Thursday, April 18, 2002 at the age of 73 years. Former wife of Albert Swityk. Dear mother of David Ducharme (Pohnyuk Fam) and the late Karen Walker.
Annie Sophia Bailey Allard (nee Hilderley) passed away peacefully on Sunday, April 21, 2002 in her 102nd year at the Mauno Kaihla Koti Finnish Resthome. Beloved wife of the late Leonard Stedman Bailey and the late John Henry Allard.
Agatha Bool passed away at the Plummer Memorial Hospital on Friday, April 19, 2002 in her 73rd year. Beloved wife of the late Clifford Bool. Dear mother of Patricia Dickson (Kester), Dennis Bool (Faye) and Susan Ramsay (Russ).
William (Bill) Merrick passed away suddenly at Portage, Wisconsin on Thursday, April 18, 2002 at the age of 50. Beloved husband and best friend of Marsha. Dearly loved father of Jennifer Pine (Corey) and Melissa (friend Richard).
Jimmy Purvis passed away suddenly on Thursday, April 18, 2002 at the age of 45 years. Loving father of Amy Jo, Jeffrey and Daniel. Grandfather of Cole Purvis. Beloved son of Kay Purvis (late Jim Purvis). Step-son of Doug Purvis.
Phyllis Mae Walsh (Sheriff) (a little immigrant of 1922) passed away peacefully in Calgary on April 16, 2002, in her 92nd year. Wife of the late Captain H.F. Walsh, both formerly of Sault Ste. Marie.
Margaret Anne Clarke passed away peacefully at the General Hospital on Monday, April 15, 2002 at the age of 71. Beloved wife of the late Leonard Reginald Clarke.