Scale Link supplies a vast range of specialist model making kits and accessories.
Our extensive knowledge and expertise in this field ensures you can receive the best possible materials for your needs.
modelling. Those years provided a sound base on which our range has been developed and reflects the author's bias and background.
Changes in the Company's ownership in 1991 resulted in the production of a NEW range of etched frets specifically for 'HO' modellers and the extension of our 4mm vehicle range into the 1950's and 60's.
When you attempt to model objects, you stop taking for granted things and places that you pass everyday and begin to realise how blind we are much of the time. Each country has its own styles of architecture and building techniques for cottages, farms, churches and houses .Scale Link provides those details which give the 'finishing-touch' to many of these splendid subjects. Certainly only the etching process will allow such precision and detail in order to 'bring to life' the subjects referred to above.
As you will see in our on-line catalogue, you do not have to be a 'railway modeller' to participate in 'Architectural', 'Diorama' or 'Landscape' modelling.
get involved and you will add a completely new and very enjoyable dimension to your life - start today!!
And as one of the largest model kit suppliers in Europe you'll be spoilt for choice!
Full secure 128-bit credit card encryption is used on this site.
Farrington, Dorset, DT11 8QN, UK.
Reg. No. 1459494 England. Reg. Office: Farrington, Dorset, UK.
Directors: R.M.Wyatt. J. K. Langley.


We look forward to get in contact with you. Write us via contact form or visit us at one of our locations.
in Klosterneuburg near Vienna is our agency in Austria.
Contact form or visit us at one of our locations.


text:
package com.whenling.extension.mall.order.model;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Transient;
import javax.validation.constraints.Digits;
import javax.validation.constraints.Max;
import javax.validation.constraints.Min;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;

import com.whenling.extension.mall.product.model.Product;
import com.whenling.module.domain.model.BaseEntity;

/**
 * 订单项
 *
 * @作者 孔祥溪
 * @博客 http://ken.whenling.com
 * @创建时间 2016年3月2日 下午4:20:34
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "mall_order_item")
public class OrderItem extends BaseEntity<Long> {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = -7877769490006596996L;

	/** 商品编号 */
	@NotEmpty
	@Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
	private String sn;

	/** 商品名称 */
	@Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
	private String name;

	/** 商品全称 */
	@Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
	private String fullName;

	/** 商品价格 */
	@NotNull
	@Min(0)
	@Digits(integer = 12, fraction = 3)
	@Column(nullable = false, precision = 21, scale = 6)
	private BigDecimal price;

	/** 商品重量 */
	@Column(updatable = false)
	private Integer weight;

	/** 商品缩略图 */
	@Column(updatable = false)
	private String thumbnail;

	/** 是否为赠品 */
	@Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
	private Boolean isGift;

	/** 数量 */
	@NotNull
	@Min(1)
	@Max(10000)
	@Column(nullable = false)
	private Integer quantity;

	/** 已发货数量 */
	@Column(nullable = false)
	private Integer shippedQuantity;

	/** 已退货数量 */
	@Column(nullable = false)
	private Integer returnQuantity;

	/** 商品 */
	@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
	private Product product;

	/** 订单 */
	@ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
	@JoinColumn(name = "orders", nullable = false, updatable = false)
	private Order order;

	public String getSn() {
		return sn;
	}

	public void setSn(String sn) {
		this.sn = sn;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getFullName() {
		return fullName;
	}

	public void setFullName(String fullName) {
		this.fullName = fullName;
	}

	public BigDecimal getPrice() {
		return price;
	}

	public void setPrice(BigDecimal price) {
		this.price = price;
	}

	public Integer getWeight() {
		return weight;
	}

	public void setWeight(Integer weight) {
		this.weight = weight;
	}

	public String getThumbnail() {
		return thumbnail;
	}

	public void setThumbnail(String thumbnail) {
		this.thumbnail = thumbnail;
	}

	public Boolean getIsGift() {
		return isGift;
	}

	public void setIsGift(Boolean isGift) {
		this.isGift = isGift;
	}

	public Integer getQuantity() {
		return quantity;
	}

	public void setQuantity(Integer quantity) {
		this.quantity = quantity;
	}

	public Integer getShippedQuantity() {
		return shippedQuantity;
	}

	public void setShippedQuantity(Integer shippedQuantity) {
		this.shippedQuantity = shippedQuantity;
	}

	public Integer getReturnQuantity() {
		return returnQuantity;
	}

	public void setReturnQuantity(Integer returnQuantity) {
		this.returnQuantity = returnQuantity;
	}

	public Product getProduct() {
		return product;
	}

	public void setProduct(Product product) {
		this.product = product;
	}

	public Order getOrder() {
		return order;
	}

	public void setOrder(Order order) {
		this.order = order;
	}

	/**
	 * 获取商品总重量
	 *
	 * @return 商品总重量
	 */
	@Transient
	public int getTotalWeight() {
		if (getWeight() != null && getQuantity() != null) {
			return getWeight() * getQuantity();
		} else {
			return 0;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 获取小计
	 *
	 * @return 小计
	 */
	@Transient
	public BigDecimal getSubtotal() {
		if (getPrice() != null && getQuantity() != null) {
			return getPrice().multiply(new BigDecimal(getQuantity()));
		} else {
			return new BigDecimal(0);
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Klang, 6 Aug 2010 – The University of Western Australia cricket team emerged as champion in the International Inter-Varsity Cricket Invitational Championship beating UKM in the finals at the Oval Cricket Bayuemas here yesterday evening.
The UKM team, however, ended the nine day championship commendably by beating all the other four teams to become the runner-up. The other four teams that took part were the National University of Singapore; Christ University, India; University of Colombo, Sri Lanka dan NED University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan.
Despite fielding eight national players, UKM the current national Inter-varsity champion found the Western Australia University team which comprises players from the State Sport's Excellence Centre too strong when it was beaten by six wickets.
The championship was organised by UKM in collaboration with the Ministry of Higher Education and the Malaysian Malay Cricket Association.
Steven Lucan from the University of Western Australia was judged the best player in the finals as well as the best overall player in the championship.
The champion team won US$1500 cash with the runner-up getting US$1000 and US$500 for the third place winner, the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Each team were also presented with trophies, medals and certificates by UKM's Vice Chancellor, Prof. Tan Sri Dato' Dr. Sharifah Hapsah Syed Hasan Shahabudin.
Director of Physical Education, Christ University, India, N Vishakantaswamy thanked UKM as the host on behalf of the visiting teams for succesfully organising the championship.


Welcome to Day 4 of SugarPea Designs' Holiday Release Sweet Peeks!
These new products will be available for sale at 6 pm on Friday.
Today, we've got a super-sweet holiday treat stamp set with matching dies. When I saw the 'Oh Christmas Treat' sentiment, I knew I wanted to build a marshmallow Christmas tree. I masked a triangle on my focal panel and filled it in with the marshmallow stamps, starting with the largest and then filling in spaces with the smaller ones. I coloured everything with copics and backed it onto some of our previously released Happy Holidays patterned paper.
I always enjoy your clever designs. LOVE this.
Oh, yeah...Makes me want to start singing Christmas songs...with a twist! Very clever and cute card. Thanks.
Very sweet indeed, and so clever. Love it.
Such a clever way to use the images, love it!
What brilliant idea. Just love it!
Very cute set. Love it.
Such a fun and cute card.
Oh this is just too cute!!! It will for sure put a smile on someone's face.
Cute and clever idea to make a marshmallow tree.
OMG!!! That is so clever and adorable!
I didn't think this set could be cuter but stacking them in a tree is adorable!
Holy marshmallow tree! This is genius!!!
Such a cute card! Love the tree of marshmallows.
So, so cute ! What a fabulous and so clever showcase of this adorable stamp set ! Love your patterned paper too ! Amazing ! Thanks so much for sharing and for inspiring !
I love it! Cute and clever.
What a genius you are! This is so awesome.
Very creative wat to create a Christmas tree.
What a fabulous design. So creative. Love the coloring too.
Your card is so fun !
Super creative and oh so cute!
This is darling - so creative!
Hahaha! I love those cute marshmallows!
Love the tree built from marshmallows!
Very cute!!! And colouring is adorable!!!
Wow, love how you have used this image! just lovely!
Love the old fashion look of them!


Tax Help is Omaha, Nebraska's largest independently owned tax preparation firm. We've been in business since 1969 and each year we help thousands of area tax payers and hundreds of others all over the United States save on their taxes.
In addition to tax preparation and planning, we can provide our clients with a complete line of financial services. We offer financial services including retirement planning and estate planning.
We encourage you to explore our site and learn more about the services we provide. Should you have any questions or would like more information on our firm, please feel free to email us at [email protected] or call us at 402-334-6708. We look forward to working with you.


text:
Tag Archives: music news
Watch: Tupac's Revolutionary Upbringing & Meteoric Rise in New 'All Eyez on Me' Trailer
In the official trailer for the long awaited film based on Tupac Shakur, 'All Eyez on Me,' we get a glimpse of the star's rarely explored revolutionary upbringing and efforts to unite gangs ahead of his rise to stardom.
Watch: Laura Mvula Finds Her Wings in Stunning "Overcome" Video
Enjoy magnificent visuals for Laura Mvula's new triumph-anthem "Overcome," directed by Alex Southam.
Watch: JoJo Gives Heartfelt Acoustic Performance of "Save My Soul"
JoJo shares an intimate acoustic performance of her single "Save My Soul," a powerful ballad on the struggle with addiction of all forms.
Listen & Download: Frank Waln Shreds Disney's Racist "What Makes The Red Man Red"
Sicangu Lakota rapper and activist Frank Waln connects the dots between America's ugly past and its homely present with a biting rework of "What Makes The Red Man Red" from Disney's 1953 'Peter Pan' film.
Recommended Listening: Katy B x Four Tet & Floating Points – "Calm Down"
Katy B's hot new dance collaboration with Four Tet and Floating Points, "Calm Down," is the first sweet taste of her forthcoming third studio album, 'Honey.'
Recommended Listening: Tiffany Gouché's Sensual New 'Pillow Talk' EP
Listen to Tiffany Gouché's 'Pillow Talk,' the latest in the Inglewood native's consistent line of soulfully sensuous EPs.
Watch: Serena Williams "Rises Up" in Beats by Dre Ad ft Andra Day
World #1 Serena Williams stars in a new Beats by Dre TV spot that celebrates her 20-year journey.
Watch: Leona Lewis Performs Foot-Stompin' "Fire Under My Feet" @ United Studios
This United Studios session of Leona Lewis' triumphant "Fire Under My Feet" will get you moving!
Watch: Cécile McLorin Salvant Seeks Much More Than Friendship in "Look at Me" Video
25-year-old jazz vocalist Cécile McLorin Salvant has premiered an intimate first music video for her new single "Look At Me."
Miguel Covers Billboard's 2015 "Music's Men of Style" Issue
Grammy-winning R&B crooner Miguel graces the cover of Billboard's 2015 "Music's Men of Style" Issue, which is also fronted by Wiz Khalifa, Sam Hunt, and Adam Lambert.
Watch: Lizz Wright Beckons You to "Lean In"
"Lean Into" the warmth of Lizz Wright's sultry new single and video from her forthcoming fifth studio album, 'Freedom & Surrender.'
Listen & Download: Talib Kweli Unleashes Free 'Fuck The Money' Album
Beloved Brooklyn emcee Talib Kweli thrilled fans with the release of a brand new (and completely free) album over the weekend titled, 'Fuck The Money.'
Watch: Bomba Estéreo Celebrates Beachside Romance in "Somos Dos" Video
Colombian electro-cumbia duo Bomba Estéreo presents gorgeous new visuals for their romantic, kizomba-infused single, "Somos Dos."
Listen: Branko's Zouk & R&B Fusion "Let Me Go" ft Nonku Phiri & Mr. Carmack
Buraka Som Sistema's Branko teams up with South African singer Nonku Phiri and L.A. beatmaker Mr. Carmack for a smooth, zouk-infused R&B tune titled "Let Me Go."
Atlantic's raspy-voiced crown-jewel Kehlani covers The FADER, where she reflects on her not-so-distant rough start in Oakland.
Listen: Angel Haze's Furious New "Impossible"
Angel Haze asserts her freedom and ferocity on a new single titled "Impossible."
Watch: Lianne La Havas Performs "Unstoppable" for The Daily Beast
Armed with just her sultry vocals and baby blue guitar, Lianne La Havas gave a glorious acoustic performance of "Unstoppable" for The Daily Beast.
Watch: Even a Museum Visit is Sexy in Miguel's "…goingtohell" Video
Miguel continues his steamy love affair with model Kota Eberhardt in his latest video for "…goingtohell," from the singer's new 'WILDHEART' album.
Watch: Foals Debuts Amazing Virtual Reality Video for "Mountain At My Gates"
Foals' NABIL-directed "Mountain At My Gates" video utilizes an engaging GoPro spherical experience.
D△WN Goes Nude for PETA, Talks Choosing to Go Vegan
Alt. R&B singer-songwriter D△WN (aka Dawn Richard) is the latest celebrity spokeswoman for PETA and its "Body by Vegan" campaign.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Democracy: Reviews
Posted on 23 April 2004 by Anna
Find out what the critics had to say about Allam's performance as Willy Brandt in Democracy at the Cottesloe Theatre and the Wyndham's Theatre…
There's a whole clutch of first-rate performances here but the greatest emphasis naturally falls upon Roger Allam's Brandt and Conleth Hill as Guillaume. Both are superb. Allam is highly persuasive as a man of integrity who could command loyalty and affection by the simplest of gestures
– London Theatre archive review, 21 April 2004
Roger Allam's Brandt is one of the best portrayals of a politician I have ever seen in that it shows how total public command coexists with depressive private uncertainty.
– The Guardian, 10 September 2003
Roger Allam is masterly as Brandt, in an affectionate, sometimes ambiguous portrait, conveying all those contradictory opinions about him.
– Curtain Up, 20 September 2003
Roger Allam's Brandt moves to the centre of the play now as both a moving and believable dramatic character and a fascinating guess at the reality.
– Theatre Guide London, April 2004
I liked Roger Allam's performance, there was a sense of a political instinct which is normally associated with a ruthlessness that politicians tend to have. But with Brandt, and with Allam, there was sense that there was a lot of sincerity there, and that is a very difficult line to tread.
– Theatre Voice, 12 September 2003. The full audio review is available for listen and download at TheatreVOICE.
← What the Night is For: Reviews
Blackbird: Reviews →


text:
Lebanon's Aoun vows to tend to economic, financial reforms
Lebanon is expected to begin implementing in October a set of economic and financial measures agreed by its top leadership that will boost economic growth, President Michel Aoun said on Sunday, vowing that he would to tend to this himself.
He was referring to decisions taken at a top-level meeting earlier this month with the aim of reviving an economy that has been growing slowly for years and is struggling with one of the world's heaviest public debt burdens.
After the Aug. 9 meeting, Prime Minister Saad Al-Hariri said agreed steps included finishing the 2020 budget on time, drawing up a plan to start $3.3 billion of projects approved by parliament, full implementation of a power sector reform plan, and laws to fight tax evasion and regulate public tenders.
"I will personally tend to the implementation path of the decisions of the financial and economic meeting" in cooperation with Prime Minister Saad Al-Hariri, Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri and other parties in government, Aoun said.
In written comments to Reuters, Aoun said this aimed "to guarantee political stability in cabinet and outside it and to secure the greatest amount of productivity," including in the implementation of the 2019 budget and its reforms.
Aoun said he expected "the implementation path" to begin "with the start of October after the conclusion of the current preparations … which will lead to lifting of the growth rates, reflecting positively on the economic and financial situations."
After years of backsliding on economic reform, the impetus to act has grown due to economic stagnation and a slowdown in the flow of dollars into Lebanon's banks from abroad. Lebanon has depended on such flows from its diaspora to finance the current account and the state budget deficits.
Foreign governments and donor institutions last year pledged $11 billion in financing to Lebanon for major infrastructure at the so-called Cedre conference in Paris, on condition that it carries out reforms.
Measures to reduce the budget deficit and reform the power sector, which bleeds public funds while inflicting daily power cuts on Lebanese, are seen as two vital tests of the government's ability to reform.
The International Monetary Fund said in July this year's deficit is likely to be well above a targeted 7.6% of national output.
It said the power reform plan and a budget to reduce the deficit were "very welcome first steps" and "further substantial fiscal adjustment and structural reforms" were needed.
Aoun said work was underway to approve the 2020 budget in the constitutional timeframe.
It would include "new, resolute reforms" agreed at the Aug. 9 meeting to reduce the power sector deficit, improve tax collection and fight customs and tax evasion.
Aoun also said frameworks must be put in place for implementing a plan drawn up by management consulting firm McKinsey for revamping the economy and this should coincide with the start of projects outlined at the Cedre conference.


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Sustainability and Transportation Operations
New Building Dashboard monitors Stony Brook's energy consumption
Michaela KilgallenNews March 22, 2015 August 8, 2016
Last April, Stony Brook finished second in the Campus Conservation Nationals event against Albany, SUNY IT and SUNY New Paltz. SBU saved a total of 41,081 kilowatt-hours.
Seawolves look toward a greener future
The StatesmanFeaturedNewsTop Story March 8, 2015 March 12, 2015
From the hospital to the dining facilities, different departments across Stony Brook University have started their RecycleMania endeavors.
Bus system inconsistency a product of overwhelming traffic
Jonathon KlineOpinions September 25, 2014 December 30, 2014
Stony Brook University is kept alive by the vital transportation available to all students, with multiple buses running to and from the commuter lot, the train station and throughout the campus.
James O'Connor looks to keep Stony Brook green
Chris WoodsNewsTop Story November 12, 2013 November 13, 2013
James O'Connor works with, and through, a staggering amount of administrative tasks to maintain sustainability at Stony Brook University. As Director of Sustainability and Transportation Operations at Stony Brook University, he oversees projects ranging from electricity conservation initiatives and electric vehicle charging stations to a bike share system and solar-powered bus stops.
Campus making strides to improve energy efficiency
The StatesmanNews October 1, 2013 November 6, 2013
Located between Circle Road and the Simons Center is a field of mud, a collection of strange-looking offices and a building that emits smoke. This area is dedicated to the Office of Sustainability's Facilities and Services division, tasked with providing Stony Brook University with reliable power, installing sustainable technologies and initiatives and monitoring the campus's consumption of energy. James O'Connor, the director of Sustainability & Transportation Operations, oversees this effort, making sure different divisions work together in this goal.
Electric car stations ramp up at Stony Brook
The StatesmanNews September 24, 2013 November 6, 2013
Five electric vehicle charging stations have been operating in relative obscurity at Stony Brook University over the past three years, and according to the Director of Sustainability & Transportation Operations, James O'Connor, the university is looking to expand.
University going green, wins Recyclemania's e-waste category
Sarah ElsesserNewsTop Story May 8, 2013 May 8, 2013
Stony Brook University recycled the most e-waste out of all the U.S. colleges and universities in RecycleMania and for a fourth consecutive year earned a spot in the Princeton Review's…


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Are you Over Spending Money for the how to get certified in Dana Point?
With all the health fad diets out there making you buying their programs and products getting minimal return for your money for the money you spent, where do you turn? at the same time you may imagine hiring a personal trainer but dont think you can afford one. How much money does it take to have a one on one personal training session? A good question is how much is your strength worth and how much time and money do you want to spend on your well-being? how to get certified in Dana Point offer budget nippy ways to get you in shape. for the cost of a little of a personal training session and relative cost to a gymnasium membership you acquire an expert personal trainer working with you and a group of people who have alike struggles as you do. Working together in a how to get certified in Dana Point not only makes it exuberance, nevertheless at the same time you feel like pushing yourself harder because when you see other people work around you and you know if they can do it, you can too.
Are your avoiding these Smyptoms from how to get certified in Dana Point?
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Isnt it vexing no matter how hard you workout, no matter what diet you are on, you still have undesirable extra inches and weight? Your spending so much time trying to figure out what works and doesnt work in your exercise monotonous that it becomes a job. Moreover after you dont see results, you get even more upset! how to get certified in Dana Point give you the tools and understanding to guarantee results or your money back! View our testimonials and distinguish how we can change your life! Amongst how to get certified in Dana Point youll recieve a proper nutrition, flexibility next strength training program, which will positively transform your body easily, and effectively.


text:
Cold Winds Don't Mean An End To Fire Danger
Filed Under:Brush Fire, Cold, Fires, Newbury Park, Temperatures, Windy, Winter
NEWBURY PARK (CBSLA ) — The first day of winter came in with a brrrr.
The wild winds took down trees all over the Southland. More than 30 tree emergencies were called in.
But the cold air should mean we get a respite from brush fire dangers, yes? No.
CBS2's Amy Johnson reported from Newbury Park, where a brush fire was reported Thursday morning just down the road.
"Just because it's a cold wind doesn't mean we can't have additional fires," said Ventura County fire Capt. Stan Ziegler.
Ventura County fire crews took no chances when a brush fire broke out along the 101 in Newbury Park. They had it out fast; it only burned 2 acres.
"Our crews responded with additional equipment due to the red-flag warning that we're in through 10 a.m. Friday morning. What that means is heightened fire danger and for us, heightened fire awareness," said Ziegler. "
He added, "We keep additional crews on standby just for incidents like this."
The lower temperatures had plenty of folks bundled up.
"It's relatively cold; we'd like it to end. We're from Big Bear originally, so it's not too bad for us. But it is chilly, and it's chilly and windy," said William Fowler.
"It's been pretty cold. It's not like California usual, so you gotta put on our jackets and things like that," said Cristen Prescott.
"It's been really windy it's cool. But I'm enjoying it," said Aimee Wirz.
Of course, cold is relative.
"We are just here from Kansas to see the grandkids. We're here for about another week. So we're enjoying the warm weather!"


Bü 131 serial number 4447 emergency landed at Fliegerplatz Avnø 22/11 1943.
The aircraft belonged to Flugzeug Führer Schule A 10 and was coded ?
The aircraft emergency landed at Fliegerplats Avnø due to engine failure and was damaged 40%. The pilot was unharmed.


As if you needed more confirmation that James Harrison is an absolute beast, the longtime Pittsburgh Steelers linebacker hit Instagram in the wee hours of the morning to show off his latest feat in the gym. Dude casually put up a whopping 405 pounds on the decline bench press. Yes, 405 pounds, as in eight 45-pound plates. Would now be a good time to remind you that Harrison is 39 years old?
Harrison and his teammates drew attention to just how impressive this was by referencing the Bow Wow Challenge. If you're not familiar, Bow Wow was caught pretending he was about to fly on a private jet. In response, people all over the Internet began showing off clever ways to stunt. No such pretending can be seen in Harrison's video, though. And you should probably fear for your life if you were to accuse him of any such trickery.
Fair enough. Not only is James Harrison a freak athlete who defies the concept of aging; he's also considerate of those without arms as awe-inspiring as his. What a guy.


As you read 'She Writes' may you be encouraged as the Holy Spirit unveils spiritual insights and revelation that will strengthen and empower you to live the best life you are designed to live. May you be inspired to rise up to be the most perfectly designed child of God that you are ~ strong and secure in your identity in Him. And may you arise from whatever circumstances you are in to walk in His victory, strength and power in your daily life.
As you read 'His Whispers' may the Father heart of God speak to the very depths of your soul as He intimately and personally intervenes in your heart, mind and life with his love, grace, promises and power.
Above all I pray that you will know his deep and perfect love for you and as you fill up on his presence that He will overflow into your heart, your home, your family, your marriage, your workplace, your life!
Married to Gavin Fuller since 2004. Four beautiful kids ~ Hugo (May 2012), Everly (July 2014), Fleur (July 2016) and Ophelia (August 2018). Living in Australia enjoying the business of Sydney city and the peacefulness of country New South Wales.
Lover of travel, near and far. Family adventures. Celebrating the simple things in life. Family and friends. Huge foodie ~ wining and dining, cooking, hosting and hospitality. Unapologetic book devourer. Closet writer. Creative Director at Tenacious Studios. Studied, trained and qualified in Counselling (Tabor College NSW) & Psychology (University of Southern Queensland). Background in Church Planting and Pastoring. Public speaker and passionate preacher.


text:
FoodAuthenticity
Food Fraud Prevention
Research and Methods
Centres of Expertise
e-Seminars
A number of organisations have published a variety of different initiatives aimed at preventing food fraud. For convenience, information from some of the global initiatives has been grouped into the following categories:
Food fraud mitigation guides
Food fraud reports
Please note that major global services, guidance and reports known to the Food Authenticity Team have been presented here. It is not a comprehensive list of all available information in this area. However, if you know of an important piece of information that is not featured then please do email us on Secretary@foodauthenticity.uk.
Horizon Scan - Food Integrity Horizon Scanning
Decernis Food Fraud Database
Food Industry Intelligence Network (FIIN)
The Food Protection and Defense Institute & Economically Motivated Adulteration Databases
The Food Protection and Defense Institute's World Factbook of Food
SSAFE food fraud vulnerability assessment tool
Food Integrity Knowledge Base
Food Authenticity Research Network Hub (FARNHub)
IFT's Global Food Traceability Center - Demystifying Traceability
MEDISYS
FADB-CHINA
FoodExperts
NFCU food fraud resilience self-assessment tool
Safety HUD
BaTAnS
Food fraud screening model (FFIS)
1. Horizon Scan - Food Integrity Horizon Scanning
HorizonScan is a subscription based food integrity tool that helps you to maintain the integrity and reputation of the food you trade. HorizonScan monitors global food integrity issues, allowing you to plan and ensure consumer safety and protect brand identity.
HorizonScan can help you:
Save time in finding the information that you need
Be informed as soon as possible of any potential emerging threats to your supply chain
Check potential suppliers and exporting countries for previous food integrity issues
Find information to help you in planning monitoring programmes to ensure you don't get caught out by unexpected residue or contaminant issues.
For further information visit: https://horizon-scan.fera.co.uk/
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2. Decernis Food Fraud Database
Previously, this was USP's Food Fraud Database version 2.0. The Food Fraud Database is now owned and operated by Decernis.
Decernis' Food Fraud Database is a continuously updated collection of thousands of ingredients and related records gathered from scientific literature, media publications, regulatory reports, judicial records, and trade associations from around the world. FFD v2.0 is available through an annual subscription.
Enhanced with four record types including incident and inference reports, surveillance records, analytical methods that can be accessed specifically for your ingredients of interest
Identify trends and vulnerabilities through a customizable dashboard, powerful search capabilities, and automated analytics
Weekly email alerts on new records
EMA Hazard Identification Report generator supports compliance with FSMA requirements.
For further information visit: https://decernis.com/solutions/food-fraud-database/
3. Food Industry Intelligence Network (FIIN)
FIIN was established by industry technical leaders to share intelligence on food authenticity. FIIN currently has 21 members in the UK including major retailers, manufacturers and food service companies.
Campden BRI curate a database to collect anonymised (via Legal host) industry data on food authenticity testing. This data is analysed to produce regular reports for the FIIN members. Campden BRI are also be responsible for managing the FIIN membership and organising FIIN events.
If you are interested in joining FIIN, please contact https://www.fiin.co.uk/
4. The Food Protection and Defense Institute's Economically Motivated Adulteration Databases
The Food Protection and Defense Institute (FPDI), formerly known as the National Center for Food Protection and Defense, was officially launched as a Homeland Security Center of Excellence in July 2004 at the University of Minnesota. Developed as a multidisciplinary and action-oriented research consortium, FPDI addresses the vulnerability of the nation's food system. FPDI takes a comprehensive, farm-to-table view of the food system, encompassing all aspects from primary production through transportation and food processing to retail and food service.
The FPDI EMA project focuses on learning from past EMA incidents and developing tools to help detect and deter future incidents. The NCFPD EMA Incident Database catalogs and details a wide range of unique incidents of EMA in 16 different categories. The database is searchable by incident characteristics such as food adulterant, production location, morbidity/mortality, and date. NCFPD is also collaborating with United States Pharmacopeia to evaluate the EMA vulnerability of the 1,100 monographs in the Food Chemicals Codex (FCC), a compendium of quality and purity specifications and methods for food ingredients. These databases enable industry and government to better evaluate the risk of EMA to assist in focusing resource allocation. Finally, we are exploring analysis of alternate data sources (such as import data) that could alert us to heightened EMA risk in food products in the future.
Visit FoodSHIELD to request membership to access the EMA databases, and other useful tools and resources.
5. The Food Protection and Defense Institute's World Factbook of Food
The World Factbook of Food is designed to serve as a central reference repository of data related to food. Organized into a series of food and country profiles, the World Factbook of Food provides users with a wide range of food and agriculture data at the food and country level.
Data is collected, curated, and routinely updated from numerous sources on a variety of topics including production, trade, common food and non-food uses, seasonality, processing steps and supply chain structure, food safety concerns, and past intentional adulteration events. Data is displayed in an easy to use website, including interactive graphs and detailed source information.
To access or purchase the World Factbook of Food visit:https://foodprotection.umn.edu/world-factbook-food
6. SSAFE food fraud vulnerability assessment tool
SSAFE's food fraud vulnerability assessment tool can help companies identify vulnerabilities and reduce fraud threats.This tool helps inform you of vulnerabilities in your organisation so you can put in place measures to reduce the likelihood of criminals profiting from food fraud at your expense.
It is a freely available and anonymous tool that can be used by every company anywhere. The assessment will give you a profile of your company's potential food fraud vulnerability, which can form the basis for the development of controls to reduce identified vulnerabilities.
The tool is now available in eleven languages.
Ready to get started? Assess your fraud vulnerabilities by downloading the SSAFE tool here.
7. Food Integrity Knowledge Base
The integrity of European foods is under constant threat from fraudulently labelled imitations that try to exploit that added value. The FoodIntegrity project (European Union funded) will directly address this issue and will be an international focal point for harmonisation and exploitation of research and technology for insuring the integrity of European food. Comprising an inner core of project participants from industry, academia, research institutes, technology providers and a global network of stakeholders, FoodIntegrity will rationalise and harmonise capability to provide a coherent structure and process for assuring the food supply.
Read further information at: https://secure.fera.defra.gov.uk/foodintegrity/index.cfm
The FoodIntegrity project is due to be completed by December 2018. Between now and then, numerous tools and reports in support of securing the integrity of the food supply chain will be produced. One project in particular is of direct relevance to food authenticity testing and is called Knowledge Base. FoodIntegrity Knowledge Base is an information resource on food authenticity that will support industry's and enforcement bodies' efforts to combat food fraud. Knowledge Base will bring together available information on food authenticity issues and related food commodities, suitable analytical tools and associated reference data in a Web-based searchable system.
It is anticipated that Knowledge Base will be launched in early 2018 and the European Commission has committed to maintaining the database beyond December 2018.
8. Food Authenticity Research Network Hub (FARNHub)
As part of the EU Project Authent-Net, the Norwegian Food Research Agency (Nofima) and Belgium's Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomique (CRA-W) have developed a database to help prevent another major food fraud incident. The database FARNHub (Food Authenticity Research Network Hub) has a web searcher for any news on food authenticity or fraud from around the world. The database contains information on research publications, regulations, funders of food authenticity research, and on-line databases of incidents. Information on reasearch projects and methods will be available through links to the FoodIntegrity Knowledge Base (KB) (No.7 above) when it is transferred to JRC Geel.
9. IFT's Global Food Traceability Center - Demystifying Traceability
This course has been developed by IFT's Global Food Traceability Center to help companies build an effective food traceability plan. The new, customizable food traceability learning experience will help small to mid-size companies and their supply chains to either evaluate the effectiveness of their existing traceability plans and/or create new ones. The online course provides a range of options from minimal level of traceability to best practice.
It includes the following:
risk analyses (product and process risks)
vulnerability assessments (for traceability)
consequence management (for impact)
Further details.
10. Muddy Boots (Supply Chain Management)
With over 20 years' experience in the fresh food sector, we have developed a suite of software solutions that allows data to pass up and down supply chains from farm to retailer, providing insight that enables customers to instantly view, manage and report on the quality, traceability, and compliance of their products and suppliers.
Whether you're a Farmer, Agronomist, Supplier/Processor or Retailer/Brandholder, pick up the phone or email us to talk to one of our agricultural and supply chain experts. You'll find our details on our contact page. Alternatively, select one of the options below to find out more about how our software solutions can help you.
https://en.muddyboots.com/
11. MEDISYS
MEDISYS (Medical Information System) is a media monitoring system providing event-based surveillance to rapidly identify potential public health threats using information from media reports. The system displays only those articles with interest to public health (e. g. diseases, plant pests, psychoactive substances), analyses news reports and warns users with automatically generated alerts. The information processed by MEDISYS is derived from the Europe Media Monitor (EMM) developed by the JRC.
http://medisys.newsbrief.eu/
Latest News About - Food Adulteration can be found here.
12. FADB-CHINA
Research led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences collected 961 cases of food adulteration between 1998 and 2019 from the literature reports and announcements released by the Chinese government. Critical molecules were manually annotated in food adulteration substances as determined by food chemists, to build the first food adulteration database in China (http://www.rxnfinder.org/FADB-China/). This database is also the first molecular-level food adulteration database worldwide.
Additionally, the researchers propose an in silico method for predicting potentially illegal food additives on the basis of molecular fingerprints and similarity algorithms. Using this algorithm, we predict 1,919 chemicals that may be illegally added to food; these predictions can effectively assist in the discovery and prevention of emerging food adulteration.
The publication of this research has been published in Food Chemistry, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127010
13. FoodExperts
Unique web-based platform for data management. Multiple sectorial applications hosted that allow the interaction between supplier and their customers.
https://web.food-experts.com/
14. NFCU food fraud resilience self-assessment tool
The National Food Crime Unit (NFCU) has developed this food fraud resilience self-assessment tool to support businesses in developing and implementing their counter-fraud strategy.
The self-assessment tool covers different areas that businesses will need to be aware of so that they can better identify and address process issues.
Access the NFCU's food fraud resilience self-assessment tool here.
15. Safety HUD
Safety HUD, an online database tool offered by Mérieux NutriSciences, monitors international food fraud and safety alerts to reinforce the risk assessment of food products and raw materials, with the aim of increasing the security of global food supply chains.
The tool can be found at: https://regulatory.mxns.com/en/safety-hud
16. Barcoding Table for Animal Species
The German §64 Food and Feed Law Methods Group for Animal and Plant Speciation has developed a tool that will help scientists to quickly determine which species can be detected and which cannot with a specific set of primers. The tool is called BaTAnS (Barcoding Table for Animal Species) lists relevant publications, identifies the level of validation that has been performed for a specific method (and set of primers).
The latest version of the tool can be found at: BaTAnS – Barcording of Animal Species - FOCOS (focos-food.com)
17. Food Fraud Screening model (FFIS)
ERM risk assessment occurs into two stages: (1) a qualitative initial screening followed by (2) a more detailed quantitative assessment. All types of Food Fraud can result in enterprise-wide risks so an enterprise risk management system must cover all types of vulnerabilities.
The model developed in this paper addresses the unmet need of the first stage referred to here as the Food Fraud Initial Screening (FFIS).
Access the full paper here.
Premiumlab's guide to preventing food fraud
USP Food Fraud Mitigation Guidance
CIEH Counter Fraud Good Practice Guide for Food and Drink Businesses
Food Supply Chain Vulnerability: A Ti whitepaper in partnership with RQA Group
Guidance on Authenticity of Herbs and Spices: Industry best practice on assessing and protecting culinary dried herbs and spices
Guide to working in partnership with the UK National Food Crime Unit
PAS 96:2017, Guide to protecting and defending food and drink from deliberate attack
FDF Food Authenticity Guide 2014
GFSI Tackling food fraud through food safety management systems
Nestle Food Fraud Prevention Booklet
FSSC 22000 Guidance on Food Fraud Mitigation
FSA & FSS Root Cause Analysis Course
SSAFE Food Crime Prevention Lecture Series
IFS Guideline Product Fraud
FAO booklet on Food fraud - Intention, detection and management
Insider Risk Mitigation Programs Food and Agriculture Sector Implementation Guide
Heads of the National Agencies - European Commission
1. Premiumlab's guide to preventing food fraud
Premiumlab, S.L. created this guide to cover the requirements of the food industry regarding control of food fraud, a problem that is a focal point for consumers, the industry and the government.
Premiumlab aims to facilitate fraud prevention work in food industries by offering them a tool that can be used and integrated into their Hazard Analysis and Critial Control Points System.
For the guide visit: http://agricultura.gencat.cat/
2. USP's Food Fraud Mitigation Guidance
USP's Food Fraud Mitigation Guidance provides a clear framework to help identify vulnerabilities in ingredient supply chains and implement a control plan that mitigates risk.
Their Customized Training and Advising Services Include:
Developing an EMA preventive control plan
General training on food fraud mitigation - One-day or partial day courses, on-site or remote, on the basic steps of food fraud mitigation
Advice on existing food fraud mitigation plans - We will assess your existing plan, and advise on every aspect, from supplier audit strategies to testing strategies.
USP possess the right expertise (e.g., Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP), Hazard Analysis and Risk-Based Preventive Controls (HARPC), FSMA and GFSI) for the practical application of food fraud mitigation strategies to help meet industry needs as well as national and international regulatory requirements.
For the guide visit http://www.usp.org/
3. CIEH Counter Fraud Good Practice Guide for Food and Drink Businesses
The Chartered Institute of Environmental Health (CIEH) has produced the Counter Fraud Good Practice Guide for Food and Drink Businesses, which helps food and drink businesses adopt established counter fraud good practice.
The good practice guidance was developed by CIEH Food in collaboration with the University of Portsmouth's Centre for Counter Fraud Studies, the Food Standards Agency's National Food Crime Unit, Food Standards Scotland's Food Crime and Incidents Unit, and the Intellectual Property Office.
To better protect themselves, CIEH is urging the industry to adopt proactive and comprehensive counter fraud strategies based on reliable evidence of the nature and scale of all fraud risks facing the organisation. This approach would mean the industry would have to think wider than just focusing on known fraud issues related to products or ingredients.
These strategies should be incorporated as essential processes, alongside payroll and HR, and could include:
Calculating the financial cost of fraud based on reliable estimates, including detected and undetected instances
Ensuring counter fraud tactics are centrally managed, with sufficient authority to secure necessary changes
Conduct proactive and regular counter fraud exercises early rather than waiting for problems to be reported
Develop an anti-fraud culture, which ensures robust, deterrent, action is taken when issues are identified
Making use of the skills and experience of accredited counter fraud professionals and engaging with Government organisations, such as the Food Standard Agency's National Food Crime Unit, to ensure the overall fight against fraud is strengthened.
For the guide visit: http://food.cieh.org
4. Food Supply Chain Vulnerability: A Ti whitepaper in partnership with RQA Group
Vulnerability of the food supply chain is one of the hottest topics in the international food industry. Those vulnerabilities are not limited to breaches of physical security, theft and malicious contamination by ideologues, extortionists, criminals or terrorists. In this whitepaper,Transport Intelligence's (Ti) CEO, Professor John Manners-Bell, and Managing Director, RQA Group, Vince Shiers Ph.D., offer insight into the vulnerability of the food supply chain by highlighting the threats and offering analysis of the best practice for securing the supply chain.
For the guide visit: http://www.rqa-group.com/
5. Guidance on Authenticity of Herbs and Spices: Industry best practice on assessing and protecting culinary dried herbs and spices.
The global market for herbs and spices is complex with diverse supply chains and products being sourced from a variety of businesses ranging from large scale producers to smallholders.
This guidance was developed by a Joint Industry Working Group comprised of representatives of the British Retail Consortium, Food and Drink Federation and Seasoning and Spice Association, in liaison with the Food Standards Agency and Food Standards Scotland to provide Industry Best Practice Guidance on vulnerability assessment for culinary dried herbs and spices (including blends), in order to mitigate against potential adulteration and substitution.
It is focussed on the authenticity of herbs and spices and therefore does not cover general food safety controls. However, food safety and labelling requirements still apply.
It is prudent for users also to consider the potential for cross-contamination as a part of Good Agricultural and Manufacturing Practices, which are beyond the scope of this document.
For the guide visit: https://www.fdf.org.uk/herbs-spices-guidance.aspx
6. Guide to working in partnership with the UK National Food Crime Unit
The UK National Food Crime Unit (NFCU) has produced a guide for working in partnership with the food industry to respond to the challenge of food crime. The guide explains the role of the NFCU in the fight against food crime, how the NFCU can support industry, and how in turn industry can support the NFCU to enhance the UK's resilience and response to food crime in its many forms.
The NFCU aims to create a culture in which everyone is able and confident to share even minor suspicions of wrongdoing. The food industry can help by promoting the ethical and commercial imperatives to flag up suspicions, within or outside their own business. Working with the NFCU, whether by sharing specific fraud concerns or by collaborating on new ways of designing out fraud vulnerability, will help the UK food sector remain both safe and economically prosperous. This benefits businesses and consumers alike.
For the guidance visit:
https://www.food.gov.uk/about-us/working-with-industry-against-food-crime
7. PAS 96:2017, Guide to protecting and defending food and drink from deliberate attack
This PAS was sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) and the Food Standards Agency (FSA). Its development was facilitated by BSI Standards Limited and it was published under licence from The British Standards Institution. It came into effect on 16 November 2017.
This PAS provides guidance on the avoidance and mitigation of threats to food and food supply. It describes a risk management methodology, Threat Assessment Critical Control Points (TACCP), which can be adapted by food businesses of all sizes and at all points in food supply chains.
It is intended to be of use to all organizations, but may be of particular use to managers of small and medium sized food enterprises who may not have easy access to specialist advice.
Access the full guide.
8. The Food and Drink Federation Food Authenticity Guide 2014
This simple guide, which follows on from FDF's Guide on 'Sustainable Sourcing: Five Steps Towards Managing Supply Chain Risk', sets out a step-by-step process to help food and drink manufacturing businesses of all sizes protect their businesses from food fraud by helping them to identify, prioritise and manage upstream supply chain food authenticity risks.
Alongside this guide, further resources are also available on the FDF website
9. The Global Food Safety Initiative on tackling food fraud through food safety management systems
THE GFSI REQUIREMENTS ON FOOD FRAUD
The GFSI Position Paper outlines a starting point consistent with other quality management practices:
"The GFSI Board has decided to follow the recommendations of the Food Fraud Think Tank and
proposes to incorporate the two food fraud mitigation steps in the form of two new key
elements in the GFSI Guidance Document to:
1. Require a company to perform a food fraud vulnerability assessment"
2. Have a control plan in place."
This was translated into 3 key elements added to part III of the GFSI Benchmarking Requirements version 7.2 stated below.
1. Food fraud vulnerability assessment
2. Food fraud mitigation plan 3. Food fraud mitigation plan
(Scope)
Download our latest technical document on food fraud to learn more.
10. Nestle Food Fraud Prevention Booklet
The food industry considers the safety of its products as its main concern. Over the years, industry and regulators have developed food safety management systems, making major outbreaks of food poisoning now quite unusual in many countries. These systems typically use Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) principles, which are accepted globally. HACCP has proven to be effective against accidental contamination.
However, HACCP principles have not been routinely used to detect or mitigate deliberate, fraudulent actions on a system or process. These actions include the deliberate contamination of food, or food fraud.
No process can guarantee that food and food supply are not the target of criminal activity. The purpose of this booklet is to guide food operators through approaches and processes to improve the resilience of supply chains to food fraud. It provides guidance on how to assure the authenticity of food by minimising vulnerability to fraud and mitigating the consequences of food fraud.
11. FSSC 22000 Guidance on Food Fraud Mitigation
The FSSC 22000 Food Safety System Certification provides a framework for effectively managing your organization's food safety responsibilities. FSSC 22000 is fully recognized by the Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) and is based on existing ISO Standards.
The relevance of Food Fraud has grown over the last years, not in the least following a number of food scandals that have led to reduced consumer confidence in the Food Industry.
Although the driver of Food Fraud acts (cause) is economic gain, it may nevertheless result in a food safety risk. Such a risk is very often caused by negligence or lack of knowledge by fraudsters.
For Food Manufacturers, the economic impact can be high (e.g. recall, loss of sales, cost of re-building reputation etc.), but also the consumer trust is important, not only for companies but for food industry (sector) as a whole.
Following the GFSI benchmarking requirements, FSSC 22000 has introduced a chapter on Food Fraud mitigation in the latest version of the Scheme (v4.1). This has become mandatory from January 1, 2018 and includes requirements for a Food Fraud Vulnerability Assessment and a Food Fraud Prevention Plan applicable to all products.
FSSC 22000 Guide.
12. FSA & FSS Root Analysis Cause Course
Our free online Root Cause Analysis for Food Businesses course developed with Food Standards Scotland explores the method of problem-solving that identifies the causes of faults or problems in the food supply chain. Access online coure: https://rcatraining.food.gov.uk/#module-menu-fbo
13. SSAFE Food Crime Prevention Lecture Series
In order to help the food sector to continue strengthening its efforts in preventing food crime, SSAFE has partnered with five leading experts to develop a free educational video series. Dr. John Spink, Dr. Chris Elliott, Dr. Wim Huisman, Jason Bashura and Neal Fredrickson take us on a journey through the world of food fraud, food defence and food integrity – what it is, what the issues are, what is being done, and what can be done in the future in order to help reduce and prevent food crime from occurring.
Access lecture series: https://www.ssafe-food.org/masterclasses/ssafe-lecture-series-in-food-crime-prevention
14. IFS Guideline Product Fraud
In addition to legislative requirements, industry bodies such as the Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) have driven for food safety schemes, such as IFS, to introduce and implement systems to mitigate the risk of food fraud.
IFS incorporated the need for product fraud mitigation measures to meet the requirements of GFSI benchmarking requirements document Version 7.1 in several of their Standards since product fraud can occur at any point within the food supply chain.
This guideline has been designed to assist users of IFS Standards to understand the concept of risk management in relation to product fraud threats and how vulnerability assessments are an integral part of the risk management process.
The IFS guidance on Product Fraud mitigation can be accessed at:
https://www.ifs-certification.com/images/standards/ifs_food6/documents/IFS_Guideline_Product_Fraud_Mitigation_V21_EN.pdf
The guideline is also available in other languages (Chinese, Czech, English, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish, Turkish), which can be downloaded from the Standards section of the IFS website.
15. FAO booklet on Food fraud - Intention, detection and management
This concise resource explains the key aspects of food fraud, and discusses a set of measures that food safety authorities can take to stop food fraud. Among these, legal interventions combined with the use of new technologies are promising tools.
Examples of these interventions, such as adopting a definition for food fraud and implementing food standards as well as applying DNA barcoding and blockchain technology, are included in the booklet. Links are readily available in the booklet for those who wish to have greater know-how on the guidance on food labelling, technological interventions and food import and export certification systems provided by FAO and the Codex Alimentarius.
Download the publication:
FAO Food safety toolkit booklet 5 - Food fraud – Intention, detection and management
16. Insider Risk Mitigation Programs Food and Agriculture Sector Implementation Guide
The US National Counterintelligence and Security Center (NCSC) and the Department of Defense's Center for Development of Security Excellence (CDSE) have published a risk mitigation guide to help organizations in the food industry understand insider risks, establish insider risk programs, and develop mitigation strategies.
The "Insider Risk Mitigation Programs: Food and Agriculture Sector Implementation Guide" was developed in collaboration with federal partners and stakeholders, including the FDA.
17. Heads of the National Agencies - Europea Commission
The Heads of the National Agencies dealing with food safety, animal health and welfare, plant health and consumer protection aim to:
Exchange views and adopt best practices on how to ensure safety during production, distribution, import and export of food, animals, plants and consumer products by a regular control, inspection, sampling and analysis,
Exchange views and adopt best practices on how to ensure implementation and enforcement of European legislation as well as international and national rules by the business operators in the participating countries,
Promote collaboration and networking between competent authorities of participating countries in order to verify compliance with food law and enforce legislation,
Exchange views on the best practices for the management of Agencies and an exchange of experiences, which will be beneficial for an improvement of efficiency and effectiveness and will improve harmonisation of the enforcement within the EU.
Visit the website.
Thinking like a food fraudster – overview, Glenn Taylor, May 2016
Thinking like a food fraudster – "Attack", Glenn Taylor, June 2016
Thinking like a food fraudster – Defence Strategies, Glenn Taylor, July 2016
How do you use intelligence to defend against food fraud? Glenn Taylor, September 2016
Michigan State University Food Fraud Initiative Report – Applying Enterprise Risk Management to Food Fraud Prevention
European Commission's monthly report on food fraud and authenticity
IFST Information Statement: Food Authenticity Testing Part 1: The Role of Analysis
IFST Information Satement: Food Authenticity Testing Part 2: Analytical Techniques
FoodIntegrity Handbook
DNA Techniques to Verify Food Authenticity
White Paper – Leading to Loss - Leaders, culture and fraud
1. Thinking like a food fraudster – overview, Glenn Taylor, May 2016
Professor Chris Elliott was asked to conduct a review into the integrity and assurance of food supply networks, and to make recommendations in response to Horsegate (the substitution of beef with horse meat detected in 2013). He challenged all involved to work differently and start "thinking like a criminal" to better understand fraud. In response to that challenge, I was asked by the Food Law Enforcement Practitioners group (FLEP) to lead world-wide research in conjunction with EU enforcement partners, academia and industry. TiFSiP is at the heart of this work as some of its Advisory Board members were integral to this research. As the subject is vast, this is one of three short articles, based on the research, which are being published to promote debate, discussion and thinking.
At the outset the research team debated the factors that lead people to choose a criminal life-style and the fact that fraudsters may simply look for any opportunity irrespective of the market. After further consideration it was decided to focus on food fraud alone and therefore "thinking like a food fraudster" became the mantra. They concentrated on activities that tricked or cheated consumers in order to profit through adulteration or misrepresentation. This first article sets the background to food fraud, the second (below) will highlight where a fraudster might strike and the third focusses on defence strategies.
Full report.
2. Thinking like a food fraudster – "Attack", Glenn Taylor, June 2016
This is the second article, in a series of 3, focussing on thinking like a food fraudster and is based on research with EU partners (FLEP), TiFSiP (now CIEH), academics, enforcement and members of the food industry. It is best read in conjunction with the first: Thinking like a food fraudster – overview.
Continuing the game theory approach this second article deals with areas where a fraudster may attack. Research from PKF Littlejohn states that only 3% of fraud is detected and, that it focusses on the high volume, low value areas because they are harder to detect e.g. horsemeat substitution for beef. It has been suggested that food fraud affects around 10% of the foods we eat and costs around $40billion each year.
3. Thinking like a food fraudster – Defence Strategies, Glenn Taylor, July 2016
This third article, in a trilogy, looks at defence strategies to reduce vulnerability to food fraud. The two previous articles: overview and attack summarised the world-wide research I led with Food Law Enforcement Practitioners group (FLEP) colleagues in conjunction with TiFSiP, EU enforcement partners, academics and members of the food industry (the research group).
How to defend against fraud
The importance of communication: A "burglar alarm for Britain"
The research group agreed that the UK would benefit by the creation of a "virtual burglar alarm" to demonstrate resilience against the threat of food fraud. The basis for the proposal was that a burglar alarm deters crime by its visible presence on the outside of a property.
To develop this approach, food companies would need to clearly communicate that they will not tolerate fraud, are actively monitoring for its emergence and will prosecute whenever it is identified. To support this, a proactive and timely media strategy that publicises the action taken when fraud is detected and the consequences and costs for the "criminals" involved will be essential.
The research group also agreed that at the highest level, Government must also adopt a similar stance by taking a lead and actively adopting strategies such as those set out in Professor Elliott's recommendations after the horse meat scandal. Successes in supporting the food industry and protecting the public from food fraud should be highlighted.
And given the pan-European nature of the UK food supply, the burglar alarm approach should be extended across the European Union (EU), for greatest effect.
4. How do you use intelligence to defend against food fraud? Glenn Taylor, September 2016
The definition of a Holy Grail might be something desirable that is unobtainable. Some argue that getting the large food businesses to share intelligence across the globe is a Holy Grail. Many in the food enforcement arena have confided in me that they do not think it is possible. It has and is happening in other areas, particularly police, so perhaps a look at what they are achieving will help. The challenge for all in enforcement has been the prediction of crime and the use of innovative techniques that stop crime occurring rather than detect it afterwards. Sir Richard Mayne – Joint first Commissioner of the Police of the Metropolis said (in 1829):
"The primary object of an efficient police (force) is the prevention of crime: the next that of detection and punishment of offenders if crime is committed."
This (prevention, through prediction of crime) is one of the five key principles behind the National Intelligence Model (NIM) developed in the UK and used by police across the world.
The key principles are as follows:
Target scarce resources in areas most needed
There are three levels of crime (which may intertwine):
Cross police area crime
Serious Organised crime
Don't respond – predict
Engage the public
Place the data in the public domain to enable them to use the information
Researchers suggest that as data emerges there is a point where it is possible to predict an emerging threat and to take action to stop it.
5. Michigan State University Food Fraud Initiative Report – Applying Enterprise Risk Management to Food Fraud Prevention with a Case Study Example of a Food Fraud Management System
Food fraud is illegal deception for economic gain using food. Over the last 10 years a series of incidents has raised awareness and urgency in addressing food fraud including the focus on a proactive prevention approach. This holistic and all-encompassing approach includes specialized methods to assess past incidents in the marketplace, review the fraud opportunity, conduct assessments, connecting to enterprise-wide decision-making systems such as Enterprise Risk Management, and refine internal control systems. Methods: This report builds upon previous food fraud prevention and food fraud Enterprise Risk Management research to provide a case study example of a complex food fraud management system. The case study was on the Kerry Group's specific Global Supply Quality Risk and Vulnerability Management and Governance system. Results: The report and case study demonstrate how a holistic and all-encompassing approach to food fraud prevention created control systems and risk communication for an enterprise. Conclusion: The entire Food Fraud Prevention Cycle provides a foundation for a rational and integrated approach that "connects everything to everything."
For the report visit: http://foodfraud.msu.edu/ org/
6. European Commission's monthly report on food fraud and authenticity
To support health and consumer protection, the European Commission's Joint research Center (JRC) conducts research, among others, on food authenticity and quality. In this context, the JRC has launched a monthly summary of articles on food fraud and adulteration, with the objective of informing stakeholders of potential fraud cases in the global feed/food chain, giving them the opportunity for taking actions to counter fraud.
The summary presents articles from media globally, retrieved from the Medical Information System (MedISys), the JRC-developed internet monitoring and analysis system, based on the Europe Media Monitor. The second source is the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF), an electronic tool to exchange information about serious risks detected in relation to food or feed among EU Member States. The types of foods being searched for are those on the list of commodities often subject to fraud as defined by the EU Parliament in its resolution of 14 January 2014 on the food crisis, fraud in the food chain and the control thereof: olive oil, fish, organic products, grains, honey, coffee, tea, spices, wine, certain fruit juices, milk and meat.
The selection criteria used for reporting in the JRC Monthly Food Fraud Reports can be found here.
For the latest monthly report, visit: https://knowledge4policy.ec.europa.eu/food-fraud-quality_en
For European Commission's Food Fraud Network Annual Activity Reports, visit: https://ec.europa.eu/food/safety/food-fraud/reports_en
7. IFST Information Statement: Food Authenticity Testing Part 1 - The Role of Analysis
This is a fundamental re-write of the IFST's "Food authenticity testing" Information Statement. It has been split into two parts. This statement now covers the role of analytical testing within the context of an overall supply chain assurance strategy. It describes where testing can and cannot be used, and highlights generic issues relating to interpreting food authenticity testing results.
The description of specific analytical techniques, their applications, strengths and weaknesses have been moved to a separate information statement "Food authenticity testing part 2: Analytical techniques".
For the full report visit: https://www.ifst.org/resources/information-statements/food-authenticity-testing-part-1-role-analysis
8. IFST Information Statement: Food Authenticity Testing Part 2 - Analytical Techniques
This is the second of two IFST Information Statements that replace the previous "Food authenticity testing" statement. It should be read in conjunction with "Food authenticity testing part 1: The role of analysis".
For the full report visit: https://www.ifst.org/resources/information-statements/food-authenticity-testing-part-2-analytical-techniques
9. FoodIntegrity Handbook
A guide to food authenticity issues and analytical solutions produced by the EU FoodIntegrity project. .
Download handbook.
10. DNA Techniques to Verify Food Authenticity
This book is the most comprehensive and timely collection of material from those working at the forefront of DNA techniques applied to food authenticity. Addressing the new field of analytical molecular biology as it combines the quality assurance rigour of analytical chemistry with DNA techniques, it introduces the science behind DNA as a target analyte, its extraction, amplification, detection and quantitation as applied to the detection of food fraud and food crime. Making the link with traditional forensic DNA profiling and describing emerging and cutting-edge techniques such as next generation sequencing, this book presents real-world case studies from a wide perspective including from analytical service providers, industry, enforcement agencies and academics. It will appeal to food testing laboratories worldwide, who are just starting to use these techniques and students of molecular biology, food science and food integrity. Food policy professionals and regulatory organisations who will be using these techniques to back up legislation and regulation will find the text invaluable. Those in the food industry in regulatory and technical roles will want to have this book on their desks..
Publication details: https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016025
11.White Paper – Leading to Loss - Leaders, culture and fraud
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text:
Lars Erik Petrus (born 4 November 1960 in Luleå in Sweden) is an accomplished speedcuber.

In 1982, he became the national champion of Sweden, and went on to finish fourth overall at the first official Rubik's Cube World Championships held in Budapest, Hungary. He later published his method, known as the Petrus system, on the Internet. It became a fairly popular method among intermediate and upper-level speedcubers, although its more recent use has diminished considerably due to the increased predominance of methods such as ZZ, Roux, and CFOP. Petrus won the 3x3x3 Fewest Moves category at the 2005 World Championships held in November 2005 at Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA claiming the US$500 prize. He currently (since 1995) resides in SF Bay Area, California, USA.

The Lars Petrus System
The Petrus System was designed as an alternative to the popular layer-based solutions of the early 1980s. Petrus reasoned that as a solver constructs layers, further organization of the cube's remaining pieces is restricted by what one has already done. In order for a layer-based solution to continue after the first layer had been constructed, the solved portion of the cube would have to be temporarily disassembled while the desired moves were made, then reassembled afterward. Petrus sought to get around this by solving the cube outwards from one corner, leaving him with unrestricted movement on several sides of the cube as he progressed. This method is often used to solve the cube in a fewest-moves solution.

The Method
The system uses seven basic steps to solve a Rubik's Cube.

 Build a 2x2x2 block
 Expand to a 2x2x3 without destroying the 2x2x2 block
 Correct edge orientation (EO)
 Solve two complete layers
 Permute the remaining corners (CP)
 Orient the remaining corners (CO)
 Permute the final edges (EP)

Petrus invented three simple and flexible algorithms to complete the last three steps, which he named Niklas, Sune, and Allan.

While the method stands alone as an efficient system for solving the Rubik's Cube, many modifications have been made over the years to stay on the cutting edge of competitive speedcubing. Many more algorithms have been added to shave seconds off the solution time, and steps 5+6 or 6+7 are often combined depending on the problems each case presents.

External links
Rubik's World Championship 2005 - Official Results
Solving Rubik's Cube for Speed by Lars Petrus
Lars's Official Records - From the World Cube Association website

Swedish speedcubers
1960 births
Living people
Google employees
People from Luleå
Sportspeople from Norrbotten County

sv:Rubiks kub#Petrus-metoden

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home Health and Wellness Study shows moderate exercise may aid HCM patients
Study shows moderate exercise may aid HCM patients
A new study suggests moderate exercise is safe and beneficial for people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. File photo by Bill Greenblatt/UPI | License Photo
March 19 (UPI) — Research suggests a change in current treatment guidelines for people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, should include moderate exercise.
HCM occurs when the heart muscle becomes abnormally thick, making it harder for the heart to pump blood. It is the most common genetic cardiovascular disease, and one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac death among young people.
People with HCM are often discouraged from participating in competitive sports due to the risk of sudden cardiac death from the disease.
Current guidelines recommend patients with HCM limit intense exercise due to the risk of it triggering ventricular arrhythmias.
"We are challenging the idea that exercise is dangerous for these patients," Dr. Sharlene Day, a cardiologist and associate professor at Michigan Medicine, said in a press release. "And we show that it can actually be beneficial."
Studies have shown people with HCM have reduced activity levels after diagnosis compared to the general population.
Researchers from the University of Michigan worked with a team from Stanford University and the VA Palo Alto Health Care System on the study, which was presented at the American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session.
In a randomized clinical trial of 136 patients with HCM between the ages of 18 and 80, researchers found a statistically significant increase in peak oxygen consumption over 16 weeks in participants who performed moderate exercise compared to participants who performed normal activities.
The exercises consisted of moderate walking, using an elliptical, jogging or biking, and working out at least three times a week for 20 minutes. There was no interval or weight training in the study.
"We have those images entrenched in our brains of young, healthy athletes collapsing suddenly in the middle of a competition, and these devastating events trigger a visceral response," said Dr. Sara Saberi, an assistant professor and cardiologist at Michigan Medicine. "But by limiting exercise, we're creating another set of health problems that stem from obesity, like coronary heart disease, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, depression and anxiety. The findings show patients that follow an exercise prescription can actually train and improve their functional capacity."
The long-term safety of exercise in the HCM population is yet to be established, but researchers said this study is the first step.
The study was published in JAMA.
beneficial exercise
VA Palo Alto Health Care System
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text:
Aksar 2 () is a 2017 Indian Hindi-language erotic thriller film directed by Anant Mahadevan. The film is sequel to the 2006 film Aksar. The film stars Zareen Khan, Gautam Rode, Abhinav Shukla and Mohit Madaan in lead roles. The motion poster of the movie was released on 4 August 2017 on YouTube while the trailer was released on 28 August 2017. The film was released on 17 November 2017.

Plot
An old lady, Dolly Khambata (Lillete Dubey), needs a governess as her earlier governess has died in a road accident. Her financial advisor, Patrick Sharma (Gautam Rode), hires Sheena Roy (Zareen Khan) even though she is way younger than 50 years which is the age requirement for this job. Seeing Sheena's beauty he lusts after her. Patrick is very close to Dolly Khambata but, he soon tells Sheena that he is not very fond of her. Patrick has a glad eye for Sheena whom he forces and had sex with her. Like Sheena it is revealed that previously worked gorgeous ladies have been forced to have sex with him whether they like it or not fearing his influence. Sheena already has a boyfriend, Ricky (Abhinav Shukla). It is soon revealed that Ricky is actually the estranged nephew of Dolly Khambata. The aunt and nephew have had a fallout over the matter of property and wealth. Ricky had vowed to drag Dolly to court so that he can get his share of the property which Dolly has in her possession. There is also Dolly Khambata's trusted lawyer, Gaurav (Sreesanth).

Sheena reveals to Patrick that Dolly has made him the beneficiary of her bungalow in London, in her will. Unable to believe that Dolly could do so, he somehow opens her locker and gets hold of the will. He is pleasantly surprised to see his name in the will.

The house manager, Bachchan (Mohit Madaan), now confronts Patrick and asks him for a favour. It turns out that Sheena and Bachchan are hand-in-glove to usurp the property of Dolly. Bachchan, who is expert at copying people's signatures, promises to keep the London property bequeathed to Patrick while changing the will to bequeath the rest in his and Ricky's name.

The suspense unfolds as Ricky and Bachchan are killed in the different accident, and only Patrick, Sheena and Mrs. Khambata are left.

With the help of Gaurav Sheena kills Mrs Khambata and make it look like a natural death and finally kills Patrick in an accident by making his car collide in a forest.

With possession of all property of Mrs Khambata. Gaurav and Sheena share it equally and part ways forever.

Cast
Zareen Khan as Sheena Roy
Gautam Rode as Patrick Sharma
Abhinav Shukla as Ricky Khambata
Mohit Madaan as Bachchan Singh
Lillete Dubey as Dolly Khambatta
S. Sreesanth as Gaurav, a lawyer
Denzil Smith
Rushad Rana

Production

Filming
The principal photography of the film started in July 2016.

Soundtrack

The soundtrack of the film is composed by Mithoon while the lyrics are penned by Sayeed Quadri.

Reception

Critical reception
Lasyapriya Sundaram of The Times of India gave the film a rating of 2.5 out of 5 saying that, "Aksar 2 is a movie that begins well, but quickly crumbles to a point of no return." Kunal Guha of Mumbai Mirror gave the film a rating of 1.5 out of 5 saying that, "the twists and turns here seem more unnecessary than unexpected and the predictably painful expressions inevitably culminate in a headache." Prasanna D Zore of Rediff gave the film a rating of 2.5 out of 5 saying that, "Aksar 2 is a film that gets you primed in the first half but is a sad squib in the second." Shantanu David of News18 gave a rating of 2.5 out of 5 saying that, "with a different female lead and without the disconcerting songs, this would have been a pretty decent film." Bollywood Hungama rated the film 1 out of 5 stars, commenting, "AKSAR 2 is a poor show all the way. It neither has enough sex nor thrill."

References

External links

2017 films
Indian erotic thriller films
2010s Hindi-language films
Indian sequel films
Films directed by Anant Mahadevan


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Bradley-Morris, Inc. (BMI) is the largest military job placement firm in the U.S. We help employers hire military for their civilian positions, and provide military job placement services to job seekers who are undergoing military transition.
The employer companies we work with include Fortune 1000 and emerging companies across the U.S. BMI is dedicated to providing individualized service to job seekers undergoing military separation as we introduce them to job opportunities in corporate America. More than 90% of our military job seekers receive interest from client companies by taking advantage of our no cost job seeker service.
If you are transitioning from active duty and have experience and skills with electrical, electronics, mechanical, or engineering, you can expect to be hired by companies whose opportunities match your documented skills, experience and requirements regarding location and compensation.
Nowhere will you find a better roster of opportunities and geographic options or more expertise in military career transition.


Sound Sunday caters to all tastes. Apparently, our technologically minded audience most appreciates electronic music, which is reflected in high numbers of shares. Hence we continue to explore this genre with another fabulous dubstep edition.
There also is an underlying theme in this edition: Do what you love! In case you didn't know this secret recipe already, I recommend listening to the Intro track of SniteVille's In The Mist Of Darkness Vol.1.
Like other genres better? Make sure you let us know by sharing or commenting next time I cover it! As always, I'm open to suggestions and feedback, which you can deliver via the comments or email to tina at this domain.
Mad World is a free download from Bandcamp.
4degC is the moniker of the artist Yuta Tone, who is based in Kyoto, Japan. His EP was released with the indie label Million Pavilions.
Radio, Synth, Filter, Noise is a name your price download from Bandcamp.
Empires Of The Northern Lights v2.42 is a name your price download from Bandcamp.
EP: Sudanim – Did You Mean Pseudonym?
This kid failed his A levels making this record. It better be worth it! But isn't doing what you love always worth it?
Did You Mean Pseudonym? is a name your price download from Bandcamp.
Neurosignal delivers neurofunk tunes from Finland.
Signals is a name your price download from Bandcamp.
ShoKKpoynT, aka Jack, is a budding electronic music artist from Asheville, North Carolina.
Army Of One is a free download from Bandcamp.
In The Mist Of Darkness Vol. 1 is a free download from Bandcamp.
Doppelganger is a free download from Bandcamp.
Steps In Dub is a name your price download from Bandcamp.
Storms is a name your price download from Bandcamp.
Midnight City Records is a bass music label based off Vancouver Island, Canada, which I incidentally just visited (the Island). The label is run by iNTRiKeT.
After Midnight Compilation is a free download from Bandcamp.
How do you listen to albums featured on Sound Sunday? Do you actually download them? Would you mind if future editions of Sound Sunday shared albums that are free to stream, but not free to download?
I tend to download most, but wouldn't be put off by streaming only option.
If you guys are looking for some great downloadable dubstep mixes, check out Excision's yearly "Shambhala" mixes. 2012 and 2013 make for some pretty sick driving music!
I'm a downloader also. I don't grab everything, only what sounds interesting from the description and then listen later. I might stream at my home desktop, but not at work or on my phone.
I like to download them and add them to my music archives. I do not always have the means to stream when I am out and about and I can see data usage being a issue for many.
I check them out during the week and download only if I find I like the music. If suitable, I pass them on to friends whose taste stray in the direction of a particular genre.
I generally download the albums and listen to them throughout the next week while driving. Streaming only options would limit my discovery of new music.


Annie Chun's Seaweed Snacks Roasted Sesame - Case of 12 - 0.35 oz.
Kedem Bris Gift Basket - Case of 12 - 22 Fl oz.
Bear Real Fruit Yoyo Snack - Raspberry - Case Of 12 - .7 Oz.
Hint Fruit Water - Apple and Pear - Case of 12 - 16 Fl oz.
Nothin But Gift Assortments - Banana - Case Of 12 - 1.4 Oz.


Is my download speed Good or Bad?
I have been torrenting for around 6 years now and never really found out what other folks download speeds was. I was looking to optimize my torrent client. I'm simply not sure what my speed should be. Im like everyone else. if they I can download faster I want to lol. I found a similer question on a yahoo thread that makes me think I am fine with how my stuff is working. They was acting like 500 kib/s was fast which has lead me to belive Im good to go. I thought maybe it was slow because I never did much to optimize it I just made sure my port was good and let her go. I get on average on the low side 500 to 800 kib/s and on the high side with a good many of seeders 1.0Mib/s and the highest I ever seen was 2.3 Mib/s. I can post a screen shot if you guys would like. My ISP speed in my naborhood is normaly around 55 to 65. Thanks for the imput guys.
To know your real Internet speed, perform a speed test like http://www.speedtest.net/. It's free and it will tell you your actual download and upload speeds.
To configure Vuze properly you just need to go to Help > Speed test..., and accept, when the speed results are shown, to set your recommended upload/download limit speeds, if any.


Radish is a food item added by the Pam's HarvestCraft mod. It can be grown from Radish Seeds as a Radish Crop on Farmland. Radishes can also be obtained by breaking Ground Gardens if gardens are not set to dropping seeds.
This page was last modified on 23 December 2015, at 22:38.


text:
Q: Call method from managed dll c# Using ILSPY i find out that there is BV method available inside bvlsFortran.dll
However ILSPY says it is CALCBV!BV

to see if that is correct I added as reference in Visual Studio and then on main:

    ![enter image description here][3]

    Assembly SampleAssembly;
    SampleAssembly = Assembly.LoadFrom("bvlsFortran.dll");
    // Obtain a reference to a method known to exist in assembly.
    MethodInfo Method = SampleAssembly.GetTypes()[0].GetMethod("CALCBV!BV");
    // Obtain a reference to the parameters collection of the MethodInfo instance.
    ParameterInfo[] Params = Method.GetParameters();
    // Display information about method parameters.
    // Param = sParam1
    //   Type = System.String
    //   Position = 0
    //   Optional=False
    foreach (ParameterInfo Param in Params)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Param=" + Param.Name.ToString());
        Console.WriteLine("  Type=" + Param.ParameterType.ToString());
        Console.WriteLine("  Position=" + Param.Position.ToString());
        Console.WriteLine("  Optional=" + Param.IsOptional.ToString());
    }

And it is correct it displays info about it.

How can I call that method?
I can not write CALCBV!BV because compiler complains...
If I write BV or bvlsFortran on method it does not find it.

A: You can call Invoke on the Methodinfo with an Array of the arguments you want to pass to that function.
The Name CALCBV!BV could be an result of obfuscation, the publisher of that dll does not want you to call it directly.
Method.Invoke( args );

A: If it is a .Net based dll, and you any ways are referencing it in your application, why are you using reflection? Try calling the method directly instead through bvlsFortran.BV.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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