text:
James deal shows Dortmund still far behind Bayern Munich, admits Watzke
12:36 SAST 2017/07/16
After finishing third in the Bundesliga last season, the pressure is on Dortmund to challenge next term but the CEO is realistic about their chances
Bayern Munich's signing of James Rodriguez is another example of the gulf in class between them and Borussia Dortmund, Hans-Joachim Watzke says.
Dortmund give ultimatum on Aubameyang move
The Bavarian side won a fifth consecutive Bundesliga title last season, finishing 18 points ahead of third-placed Dortmund.
Fans argue about Orlando Pirates coach Mokwena while Zinnbauer progresses
Orlando Pirates surprised me against Highlands Park – Zinnbauer
SuperSport United vs Mamelodi Sundowns: Kick-off, TV channel, live score, squad news and preview
PSL Wrap: Bidvest Wits lose ground in the title race, Maritzburg United and Stellenbosch win
Carlo Ancelotti's side have further strengthened the squad in the close-season with the signings of James, Corentin Tolisso, Niklas Sule and Sebastian Rudy as they look to maintain their domestic dominance while challenging in the Champions League.
Dortmund remain Bayern's biggest challengers, but Watzke pointed out that the signing of the Colombian on a two-year loan with an option to buy from Real Madrid shows they can attract a different calibre of player.
"We know our limits. James Rodriguez is an exceptional player. We would never be tempted to go for a player like that because with what he deserved, our salary structure would be completely blown up," the club's CEO told Welt am Sonntag .
"If you can get such a player, that's great - but in Germany that can only be Bayern. That's why I cannot stand this whine that another club should win the league. They should all try it. They will usually fail.
"We need to increase our budget by €100 million, which would require an extra €250m in turnover. That is Utopian! But we are considered to be just a few miles away from reaching them or coming near them.
"In the international ranking, we are currently seventh. However, Manchester United, Manchester City and Liverpool are close behind us. They come at us with great speed and want to overtake us.
"In financial terms, we are still the second biggest in Germany, athletic too, even if RB Leipzig finished second. But to come in third and win the DFB-Pokal is a good achievement."
James happy with trophy-winning Bayern debut
Dortmund begin next season with new coach Peter Bosz, who was brought in from Ajax to replace Thomas Tuchel, but Watzke says fans can expect the playing style to remain the same.
"The style of BVB in the past two years has been a good one," he said. "We had good two years. That we changed the coach had nothing to do with the football we played.
"It would have been senseless to bring in a coach with a completely different style of play."


Tribe Pictures wins a Bronze Award at the 34th Annual Telly Awards for a Reed College commissioned film. Tribe Pictures took the prize in the fundraising category for a film that thanks alumni and other donors for the success of Reed's $200 million dollar Centennial Campaign.
Last December, Jon Huberth of Tribe Pictures traveled to Portland to film Reed's beautiful campus and recorded heartfelt interviews with students and faculty on the effect the Centennial campaign has had on their academic lives.


text:
Q: Function for testing if a row in a dataframe doesn't contain a given element I have a dataframe like
a <- c(2, 3, 4)
b <- c(5, 4, 3)
c <- c(2, 7, 9)
df <- data.frame(a, b, c)

df
#   a b c
# 1 2 5 2
# 2 3 4 7
# 3 4 3 9

and I want to get back the row without number 2, in my example it is just second row.

A: Using rowSums or colSums:
# data
a <- c(2, 3, 4)
b <- c(5, 4, 3)
c <- c(2, 7, 9)
df <- data.frame(a, b, c)

df
#   a b c
# 1 2 5 2
# 2 3 4 7
# 3 4 3 9

# get rows with no 2
df[ rowSums(df == 2, na.rm = TRUE) == 0, ]
#   a b c
# 2 3 4 7
# 3 4 3 9

# get columns with no 2
df[ , colSums(df == 2, na.rm = TRUE) == 0, drop = FALSE ]
#   b
# 1 5
# 2 4
# 3 3

A: We can also use Reduce with == to get the rows
df[!Reduce(`|`, lapply(df, `==`, 2)),]
#  a b c
#2 3 4 7
#3 4 3 9

and any with lapply to select the columns
df[!sapply(df, function(x) any(x== 2))]
#  b
#1 5
#2 4
#3 3

A: Here is my solution using some set functions. First, where are the positions of the twos?
is_two <- apply(df, 1, is.element, 2)

      [,1]  [,2]  [,3]
[1,]  TRUE FALSE FALSE
[2,] FALSE FALSE FALSE
[3,]  TRUE FALSE FALSE

Now, which rows are all FALSE?
no_twos <- apply(!is_two, 1, all)
df[no_twos,]
 a b c
2 3 4 7

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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The way we rate national economies is all wrong, says rating agency reformer Annette Heuser. With mysterious and obscure methods, three private US-based credit rating agencies wield immense power over national economies across the globe, and the outcomes can be catastrophic. But what if there was another way?
In this bold talk, Heuser shares her vision for a non-profit agency that would bring more equality and justice into the mix.
Previous story Which dictator killed the most?


text:
Michael Frederic
When someone asks me, "What is your favourite movie," I really can't give a reply. Defining favourites mixes oil and water for me. I love the things I love. I can't pick singular great-of-all-greats.
One thing I can do, though, is I can discuss favourites of a particular ear. Back in the old days, well not that old, but let's say before 2002, action movies were different animals than the techno-thrill rides we see today.
Still, I want to bring up a newer film. This film identified part of me; a part I sorely missed. I longed for action genre to return to its former glory and, with this movie, it might start the journey there.
For these reason, I'm tempted to pick this movie as my favourite, but am no sure. Still, this may be the classic action movie of the decade. The movie is, "The Expendables."
"Expendables" has a cast so full of big names they probably had to pay double to make the credits reel. This movie features stars Sylvester Stallone, Dolph Lundgren, Eric Roberts, Mickey Rourke, Jet Li, Gary Daniels, Bruce Willis, Schwarzenegger, Randy Couture, Jason Statham, Terry Crews and Steve Austin. How's that for including every action star worth his salt?
This is the guy-flick to end all guy flicks. There are explosions, violence and stunts aplenty. True action movie fans, the ones who love the stuff that died with the early 2000s will love this movie to death. The only possible missing link in this movie is Chuck Norris. For good reason though, simply because if he were added to this cast he would accidentally cause the universe to implode from awesomeness.
The overall plot for "Expendables" is sure to please those who miss old-school action. A team of operatives assumes the job of taking down a militant leader and corrupt CIA agent. Both reside on a Latin American island.
Life is never simple in an honest action movie. I don't like giving details away and spoiling movies, but just imagine an entire complex full of fuel and drugs going up in flames all at once. Currently scheduled for a 2012 release, there is a sequel in the works. I won't miss seeing it.
Sylvester Stallone co-wrote and directed "Expendables." Since its release, in 2010, the move grossed $275 million at box office. The film had an initial budget of 82 million dollars and became the tenth biggest independent movie of all time.
Rotten Tomatoes said, "It makes good on the old-school action it promises, but given all the talent on display, 'The Expendables' should hit harder." Critics were hard on the movie, but that is what you expect from a throwback type of action movie. Critical reviews, as usual, did not reflect audience approval. I find this to be commonplace. I put little value on the musings of movie critics.
I probably won't ever become a critic. Too many movies aren't Oscar pieces, but are fun for me to rip up. This movie is one of them. It has its holes, and different little eccentricities, but it is a very entertaining ride. Go get a copy of "The Expendables," you have to appreciate action movies for what they used to be, but if you liked them as do I, you will love this flick.
More by Michael Frederic:
The Sundering
Even more by Michael Frederic
Rise Up Singing
Keeping Quebec in Canada
A Code for the Road
Hockey Mom
Son Time
Freezing Cold & Snow
KISS of Death
Uncle Ricky RIP
NHL Final 2013
Parliament Hill Follies: 3
Police Drama of 1950s
AJ Benza Top 40
Hollywood Dreams
WNEW Radio
The Flying Horses
The Old Train
Proper Proportion


text:
BBC Persian staff face Iranian intimidation
Relatives of BBC staff in London detained and threatened by intelligence agents and one employee interrogated online
Ian Black and Saeed Kamali Dehghan
Fri 3 Feb 2012 08.37 EST First published on Fri 3 Feb 2012 08.37 EST
Popular talkshow presenter Pooneh Ghoddoosi, who has been the subject of slurs on the internet and in government media. Photograph: BBC
Iran is carrying out a campaign of intimidation and smears against the BBC's Persian TV service, watched by millions of people in the Islamic Republic but loathed by the government in Tehran.
In recent incidents, relatives of BBC staff in London have been detained and threatened by Iranian intelligence agents, top presenters targeted by malicious rumours and one employee subjected to an online interrogation in London after a family member in Iran was jailed. Iran is thought to be preparing a documentary film discrediting the channel in the runup to parliamentary elections next month.
Sadeq Saba, the head of BBC Persian, was accused live on air by an unknown caller of raping Pooneh Ghoddoosi, presenter of popular Persian-language talk show Your Turn. Both insist the charge is entirely without foundation but it has since been repeated as fact by leading Iranian government media outlets.
Iran has repeatedly jammed BBC Persian TV since it was founded in 2009. The latest bout of harassment comes against a background of sharply deteriorating relations between the UK and Iranian governments. Last November Britain shut its Tehran embassy after it was stormed by demonstrators in apparent retaliation for sanctions imposed over Iran's nuclear programme. Iran's London embassy was then ordered closed.
Tensions worsened in recent weeks after the closure of Press TV, the English-language Iranian state broadcaster, in London. The UK regulator, Ofcom, revoked its licence for breaching the Communications Act. BBC Persian staff say they believe Tehran wants to stop the channel covering the elections on 2 March.
Following weeks of angry internal debate about how to handle the issue, Mark Thompson, the BBC director general, on Friday issued a strongly worded complaint about "disturbing new tactics" and called on the Iranian government "to repudiate the actions of its officials".
Anonymous callers or others using names such as the Cyber Army of Allah have accused BBC Persian staff of being drug dealers, converting to Bahaism or Chrstianity – potentially a capital offence in Iran as it is considered to be apostasy – or taking bribes. "We are well trained to cut these people off when they say rude or libellous things," said Ghoddoosi, whose image has been used in pornographic montages posted on the internet. "They use F-words and C-words non-stop."
Saba said: "Even Stalin or other dictators never did what the Iranian regime is doing with this campaign of intimidation against our journalists. Iran has arrested a group of people and forced them to confess that they have worked for BBC Persian. We have not hired anyone in the country and we condemn these brutal actions."
Journalists arrested recently include Marzieh Rasouli and Parastoo Dokouhaki. Friends believe they are under pressure to confess on camera that they have been collaborating with BBC Persian in Iran.
Saba and Ghoddoosi are popular in Iran, despite the profound official hostility to the BBC channel. The channel is considered such a threat that someone has created a website identical in design to that of BBC Persian to spread allegations against BBC employees. The fake site uses an .ir domain name, which requires government permission.
BBC Persian's reporting has challenged government versions of both the domestic political scene and Iran's troubled relationship with the west. Iranian officials often cite BBC Persian's work as evidence of a foreign plot against the clerical regime. Saba says one news programme is watched by 12 million to 15 million people per week.
Tehran was furious with the BBC's extensive coverage of the disputed 2009 presidential election, which gave Mahmoud Ahmadinejad a second term. During the unrest that followed, BBC Persian conducted hundreds of telephone interviews with protesters who described deaths, injuries and arrests by security forces. The BBC's correspondent was expelled. Last year the BBC secured Iranian agreement to deploy a new resident correspondent, but it has never been implemented.
Last month security forces raided the home of a BBC Persian employee's relative in Tehran, searched and confiscated their belongings and transferred the person to Evin prison. Hours later, a man claiming to be the relative's interrogator at Evin contacted the employee in London, seeking information about the BBC in return for the family member's freedom.
"My brother and mother have both been subject to interrogations in the past two years," said a colleague. "My brother's personal belongings, including his computer, were confiscated. They were asked to persuade me to collaborate and gather information from the BBC."
Fifty-two BBC Persian staff complained this week about the corporation's handling of the issue, calling it "scandalous" that Iranian intelligence was able to interrogate a BBC employee in London. Thompson's statement followed. "This issue is wider than the BBC – other international media face similar challenges," he said. "But it is behaviour that all people who believe in free and independent media should be deeply concerned about."
Initially, BBC staff believed it was best to simply ignore the Iranian campaign. "I and others have received death threats," said Ghoddoosi. "They say 'you are a servant of the imperialist English government. We will kill you like dogs and crush your bones.'
"Virtual harassment is tolerable – being called a whore or whatever. We dismissed it by saying silence was the right answer. But when it came to the point of our relatives getting arrested at airports and having their passports confiscated, or Iranian intelligence being so brazen that they interrogated someone on British soil, we finally decided to speak out."
• This article was amended on 7 February 2012. The original referred to Pooneh Ghoddoosi as the "then" presenter of popular Persian-language talk show Your Turn. She is still presenter of the show and the text has been corrected.
Journalist safety
Obama orders Iranian Central Bank freeze in new wave of sanctions
Executive order halts transactions by Iranian bank in US, despite concerns that it may drive up petroleum costs
Iran warns against attacks on its nuclear bases
Iran military manoeuvres heighten Middle East tensions
Khamenei: Iran will help anyone confront Israel
Ayatollah Khamenei: Iran will continue nuclear programme – video


text:
FRE 404(b): New Test to Admit
Posted on August 26, 2014 by Michael J. Petro
US v. Nicolas Gomez, No. 12-1104 .
Editors Note: Chicago Federal Criminal Defense Attorney Michael J. Petro Represented Gomez at his Motion to Suppress Evidence, at trial, on direct appeal and in this en banc appeal.
Before WOOD, Chief Judge, and BAUER, POSNER, FLAUM, EASTERBROOK, KANNE, ROVNER, WILLIAMS, SYKES, TINDER, and HAMILTON, Circuit Judges.
SYKES, Circuit Judge.
Federal agents suspected Nicolas Gomez of involvement in a cocaine-distribution ring operating in Chicago and Milwaukee. A wiretap on the phones of Robert Romero, a known Chicago supplier, revealed a reseller named "Guero" who lived in Milwaukee. The agents believed that Gomez was Guero.
At trial the government introduced more than 50 recorded telephone calls between Romero and Guero detailing their cocaine transactions in the months leading up to September 3. The evidence tying the calls to Gomez's residence was overwhelming, so his defense was that Guero must have been Victor Reyes, his brother-in-law who lived in the same house.
In response the government sought to introduce a small quantity of cocaine found in Gomez's bedroom at the time of his arrest. Gomez objected, citing Rule 404(b)(1) of the Federal Rules of Evidence, which prohibits the admission of evidence of other crimes, wrongs, or acts for the purpose of showing a person's character or propensity to behave in a certain way.
A. The Admissibility of Other-Act Evidence
Our circuit has long used a four-part test to determine when other-act evidence is admissible. Our four-part test for evaluating the admissibility of otheract evidence has ceased to be useful. We now abandon it in favor of a more straightforward rules-based approach. This change is less a substantive modification than a shift in paradigm that we hope will produce clarity and better practice in applying the relevant rules of evidence.
Because other-act evidence can serve several purposes at once, evidentiary disputes under Rule 404(b) often raise the following question: Does a permissible ultimate purpose (say, proof of the defendant's knowledge or intent) cleanse an impermissible subsidiary purpose (propensity)?
Spotting a hidden propensity inference is not always easy. For this reason, although we have long required the record to reflect a "principled exercise of discretion" by the district court, we have more recently emphasized the importance of identifying the non-propensity theory that makes the other-act evidence relevant and specifically asking how the evidence tends to make a particular fact of consequence more or less probable.
The principle that emerges from recent cases is that the district court should not just ask whether the proposed other-act evidence is relevant to a non-propensity purpose but how exactly the evidence is relevant to that purpose—or more specifically, how the evidence is relevant without relying on a propensity inference. Careful attention to these questions will help identify evidence that serves no permissible purpose.
Finally, even if other-act evidence is relevant without relying on a propensity inference, it may be excluded under Rule 403, which applies "with full force" in this context and gives the district court discretion to exclude relevant evidence if its probative value is "substantially outweighed by a danger of … unfair prejudice," FED. R. EVID. 403. Other-act evidence raises special concerns about unfair prejudice because it almost always carries some risk that the jury will draw the forbidden propensity inference.
One important issue in Rule 403 balancing in this context is the extent to which the non-propensity factual proposition actually is contested in the case. The general guiding principle is that the degree to which the non-propensity issue actually is disputed in the case will affect the probative value of the otheract evidence.
Our circuit also requires special caution when other-act evidence is offered to prove intent, which though a permissible non-propensity purpose is nonetheless "most likely to blend with improper propensity uses."
To summarize then, when intent is not "at issue"—when the defendant is charged with a general-intent crime and does not meaningfully dispute intent—other-act evidence is not admissible to prove intent because its probative value will always be substantially outweighed by the risk of unfair prejudice.
In contrast, when intent is "at issue"—in cases involving specific-intent crimes or because the defendant makes it an issue in a case involving a general-intent crime— other-act evidence may be admissible to prove intent, but it must be relevant without relying on a propensity inference, and its probative value must not be substantially outweighed by the risk of unfair prejudice. And again, the degree to which the non-propensity issue actually is contested may have a bearing on the probative value of the other-act evidence.
In sum, to overcome an opponent's objection to the introduction of other-act evidence, the proponent of the evidence must first establish that the other act is relevant to a specific purpose other than the person's character or propensity to behave in a certain way. See FED. R. EVID. 401, 402, 404(b).
Other-act evidence need not be excluded whenever a propensity inference can be drawn. But its relevance to "another purpose" must be established through a chain of reasoning that does not rely on the forbidden inference that the person has a certain character and acted in accordance with that character on the occasion charged in the case.
If the proponent can make this initial showing, the district court must in every case assess whether the probative value of the other-act evidence is substantially outweighed by the risk of unfair prejudice and may exclude the evidence under Rule 403 if the risk is too great. The court's Rule 403 balancing should take account of the extent to which the non-propensity fact for which the evidence is offered actually is at issue in the case.
B. Application of a Rules Based Framework.
Here, the district court allowed the government to use the evidence of the user quantity of cocaine found in Gomez's bedroom for the purpose of proving his identity as Guero. That was error, but for reasons we will explain, the error was harmless.
In short, the prosecution's case was strong and would not have been any less persuasive had the other-act evidence been excluded—or at least it would not have been significantly less persuasive in the mind of the average juror. The link between the small quantity of cocaine found in Gomez's bedroom and his identity as Guero was extremely weak; the government has never really articulated a coherent theory for why this evidence helped its case. Excluding it would not have seriously diminished the strength of the prosecution's case against Gomez. We're satisfied that the error was harmless.
HAMILTON, Circuit Judge, joined by WOOD, Chief Judge, and ROVNER and WILLIAMS, Circuit Judges, concurring in part and dissenting in part.
By: Chicago Federal Criminal Defense Attorney Michael J. Petro
7th Circuit Criminal Law Alert


Can you feel it? The beating of her heart... In a classroom after school, learn the ways of "Reflexology" by syncing with her heart and body. SENRAN KAGURA combines with HD Rumble on the Nintendo Switch!
Massage her hands and help her relax. Explore her many daydreams to see her in different lights. Get to know her as an energetic admirer, an experienced warrior and much more.


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Spend a pleasant and relaxing afternoon cruising the upper Swan Valley as you enjoy a wonderful hot and cold buffet lunch. The Captain's commentary on the river's history is informative and will heighten your experience on the lunch cruise. Cruise past some of Perth's iconic landmarks and be entertained by the friendly crew on board.


4.3 Lea Tahuhu to Bridget Patterson. Length ball, defending, Played to silly mid on for no runs.
4.2 Lea Tahuhu to Suzie Bates. Length ball, cutting, Played to cover for 1 run.
4.1 OUT! Caught. Lea Tahuhu to Tahlia McGrath. Length ball, driving, False Shot to mid on, by Koski.
Over 4 ADS-W: 26/1(RR 6.50) Bowler: G Wareham Sum..: . 1 . . lb .
3.6 Georgia Wareham to Suzie Bates. Length ball, cutting, Played to point for no runs.
3.5 Georgia Wareham to Tahlia McGrath. Length ball, sweeping, False Shot to third slip for 1 run.
3.4 Georgia Wareham to Tahlia McGrath. Length ball, driving, Played to silly mid off for no runs.
3.3 Georgia Wareham to Tahlia McGrath. Length ball, cutting, Played to point for no runs.
3.2 Georgia Wareham to Suzie Bates. Length ball, pulling, Played to mid wicket for 1 run.
3.1 Georgia Wareham to Suzie Bates. Length ball, pushing, Played to silly mid on for no runs.
Over 3 ADS-W: 24/1(RR 8.00) Bowler: M Strano Sum..: 6 1 2 1 W .
2.6 Molly Strano to Tahlia McGrath. Length ball, cutting, Played to point for no runs.
2.5 OUT! Caught. Molly Strano to Sophie Devine. Length ball, driving, False Shot to wicketkeeper, by Inglis.
2.4 Molly Strano to Suzie Bates. Length ball, driving, Played back to bowler for 1 run, fielded by Strano.
2.3 Molly Strano to Suzie Bates. Length ball, pulling, Played to cover for 2 runs.
2.2 Molly Strano to Sophie Devine. Length ball, driving, Played to mid off for 1 run.
2.1 SIX! Molly Strano to Sophie Devine. Length ball, Slog, Hit Hard over long off for 6 runs.
Over 2 ADS-W: 14/0(RR 7.00) Bowler: T Vlaeminck Sum..: 1 . . nb 1 . .
1.6 Tayla Vlaeminck to Suzie Bates. Length ball, cutting, Played to point for no runs.
1.5 Tayla Vlaeminck to Suzie Bates. Length ball, driving, Played to mid on for no runs.
1.4 FREE HIT. Tayla Vlaeminck to Sophie Devine. Length ball, driving, Played to mid off for 1 run.
1.4 FOUR! Tayla Vlaeminck to Sophie Devine. Full toss, cutting, Played to deep backward point for 1 run.
1.3 Tayla Vlaeminck to Sophie Devine. Length ball, to wicketkeeper for no runs, fielded by Inglis.
1.2 Tayla Vlaeminck to Sophie Devine. Length ball, flick, Play and Miss to wicketkeeper for no runs, fielded by Inglis.
1.1 Tayla Vlaeminck to Suzie Bates. Back of a length, working, Played to square leg for 1 run.
0.6 Sophie Molineux to Suzie Bates. Length ball, pushing, Played to extra cover for 1 run.
0.5 Sophie Molineux to Suzie Bates. Length ball, defending, Played to silly mid on for no runs.
0.4 FOUR! Sophie Molineux to Suzie Bates. Length ball, driving, Played past deep extra cover for 4 runs.
0.3 Sophie Molineux to Sophie Devine. Length ball, pulling, Played to deep mid wicket for 1 run.
Adelaide Strikers Women won the toss and elected to bowl.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Studyio.Shared.Messages
{
    public class TopicAddedMessage : TopicMessage
    {
        public TopicAddedMessage(Topic topic)
            : base(topic)
        {

        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64: c++/ h file and cpp file I am trying to understand header(.h) file and source file(.cpp) in c++. I wrote a very simple example to understand it. My operation system is Mac OS. I run "g++ main.cpp" in terminal.  But it occur compile error as below:
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "Date::Date(int, int, int)", referenced from:
      _main in main-0f869d.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64

My code is as below. Please help, thanks
The main.cpp file:
#include <iostream>
#include "Date.h"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    Date d(2017, 08, 20);
    cout<<"getYear="<<d.getYear()<<endl;
    return 1;
}

The Date.h file:
#ifndef DATE_H
#define DATE_H

class Date
{
    private:
    int m_year;
    int m_month;
    int m_day;

    public:
        Date(int year, int month, int day);
        void SetDate(int year, int month, int day);

        int getYear() { return m_year; }
        int getMonth() { return m_month; }
        int getDay()  { return m_day; }
    };
#endif

The Date.cpp file:
#include "Date.h"

// Date constructor
Date::Date(int year, int month, int day)
{
    SetDate(year, month, day);
}

// Date member function
void Date::SetDate(int year, int month, int day)
{
    m_month = month;
    m_day = day;
    m_year = year;
}

A: You need to include all the sources you'd like to compile.
g++ main.cpp Date.cpp -o binary_file


Storm Eleanor sweeps across Western Europe, causing three deaths and widespread destruction.
Tens of thousands of people have been affected by power cuts, and air travel has been disrupted.
Two people drowned on Spain's northern Basque coast after being swept away by a huge wave. A skier was also killed by a falling tree in the French Alps.
At least four people have been injured by fallen threes in the UK. Two people were airlifted to hospital in Christchurch, Hampshire, when a tree hit their car.
A body was recovered from the sea at Seaford in Sussex, but it is unclear if the death was storm related.
For the first time, the Dutch authorities shut all five of its major sea barriers, reopening two later on.
The UK Met Office recorded gusts reaching 161km/h, as thousands of homes were without power.
England, Scotland, and Wales currently have 27 floor warnings and a further 136 flood alerts in place.
Ireland's taoiseach Leo Varadkar called a meeting of Ireland's national emergency committee, after the storm left 55,000 homes without power.
Gusts of more than 110km/h were recorded at Amsterdam airport where hundreds of flights were cancelled.
Winds of up to 147km/h were recorded in France. Fifteen people were injured in incidents across the country, four seriously.
In Paris, the Eiffel Tower was closed because of the strong winds. Parks were also closed because of worries over falling tree branches.
In Switzerland, strong wind blew a train carriage off its tracks, injuring eight people. Some 14,000 homes in the country were left without power and record wind gusts of 195km/h were recorded near the city of Lucerne.
The high winds left several people stranded in a ski lift in St Gallen canton, overturned a light airplane in Stans and snapped the 13m high Christmas tree in the capital Bern, Reuters reported.
The storm has also swept over parts of Germany and Austria, where about 20 skiers had to be rescued from cable car in Kitzbühel after a gust dislodged an empty car from its mooring, local media said.
Belgium was put on "orange" alert, the third of four warning levels, with officials urging people to be cautious when going out because of falling tree branches and other flying objects.


This is the reality of all social evils, when people want to live off someone else, and the name 'tradition' is given to such social practices to paper over the uncomfortable truth that we are and becoming even more of a decadent society.
And the feminist brigade still wants everyone to believe that only the patriarchal males are responsible for such evils as dowry. They want to escape from the fact that they themselves are responsible for it, but can't face it because it hits them directly in face of their so called women empowerment.
It was a case the village Panchayat had never handled.
For the last few days Mohammedpur Kadim village under Modi Nagar in Ghaziabad was witnessing a bitter argument in a family over dowry. But in this case it wasn't the groom's family that was making the demands.
Newly married Poonam Kumar (22) was pressurising and demanding dowry from her parents, who had reportedly promised her the same earlier.
Village head Dhan Pal Singh told HT that Poonam came to her parents' house on Monday and had an altercation with them. She started demanding the dowry they had promised her earlier.
Poonam also reportedly tried to lodge a complaint with the police but nothing happened. "She kept on pressurising her father Vijay Pal and family members that she would go back to her husband's house only after she gets dowry. The altercations continued for over two days," the village head said.
On Tuesday the village Panchayat had to step in. The Panchayat called the woman's in-laws and parents. The proceedings of the Panchayat went on for hours. The woman's in-laws apologised for the behaviour of their daughter-in-law and said they never demanded any dowry.
After a lot of deliberations and on constant requests by her parents that they do not have sufficient funds for fulfil her demands, the in-laws stepped in. "We are self-sufficient and would not allow you to take anything from your parents," the village head quoted in-laws.
The woman finally consented and decided to leave for her husband's house without taking any dowry from her parents.
WCD does not spend any money against dowry or extravagant marriages!


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Home / Blog / Latest news / Lobby your MP for Palestine: Join us in Parliament
Lobby your MP for Palestine: Join us in Parliament
The first lobby for Palestine in this new parliament will take place in under a week.
Hundreds of people like you who are passionate about Palestinian human rights will arrive at Westminster on Tuesday ready to inform their MPs about the terrible situation in Palestine, and pressure them to take political action. By taking our concerns to those in power, we will be engaging in direct and effective action.
At this point we are asking people to come along on the day – you don't even need to send a letter! You can get all the details you need to know here. If you are nervous about not having enough information to address your MP, you needn't be. We will have people on hand all day to help you out with facts and figures, and generally guide you. Join us for a fascinating day in Westminster, and make sure that Palestine is firmly on the agenda for this coming parliament. The more people we have on the day, the stronger our message will be, and the more MPs will have to listen.
Our Parliamentary work is only possible because of the generosity of our supporters. Please donate, and thank you to all those who have.
PREVENT: tackling extremism or criminalising dissent?
Speaking out for justice and human rights: challenging the government's Prevent strategy and the Counter-terrorism and Security Act.
7pm, Thursday 25th June
Amnesty Human Rights Action Centre, London, EC2A 3EA
Prevent was introduced as part of the government's post-9/11 counter-terrorism strategy. Instead of being an effective way of genuinely countering extremism, it is rightly perceived as what Baroness Warsi called a "Cold War against British Muslims." Now it has been given added legitimacy as part of the Counter-terrorism and Security Act (CTS), passed in 2015.
Now CTS is being used to criminalise legitimate dissent. Under the new government this is only going to get worse. Only a few days after the election, David Cameron announced even more sinister powers under this Act – a taste of what's to come if we don't challenge this legislation.
This public meeting will bring together a broad range of speakers from different sectors – journalism, politics, arts, education, health. It will be the start of a process of coalition-building across organisations and sectors to engage people in this issue and start challenging the new and serious threats we face.
Tickets are almost sold out for this event, so make sure you get yours today! Register for tickets here.
Hugh Lanning, Chair of PSC
Peter Oborne, Associate Editor of the Spectator
Sally Hunt, General Secretary of UCU (University and College Union)
Karma Nabulsi, Professor at Oxford University
Simon Natas, leading Criminal and Human Rights Lawyer
Jenny Jones, Green Party Assembly Member and Peer
More to be confirmed
Congratulations Jeremy!
We are delighted that our patron Jeremy Corbyn has made it onto the ballot paper for the Labour Leadership Election! It's great to have someone who has been such a long-time supporter and advocator of Palestinian human rights in the running.
It's another example of the recent growth in parliamentary political backing, as MPs have become more vocal in their criticism of Israel, and their support of Palestinians.
Remember that you can still see what your MP thinks about Palestine, by revisiting our Vote For Palestine tool on our website here.
Sign the petition here calling for sanctions on Israel, to be delivered during the lobby next week!
Report: Meet Israel's ultranationalist settlers | Channel 4 News
Village of Susiya at risk of imminent demolition. The Ecumenical Accompaniment Programme is urging people to write to their MP.
Influential artists, including Leon Rosselson, criticise article on boycott | The Guardian
Palestinian man dies after being left under IDF jeep for 3 hours | Ma'an News
Jill Evans MEP blogs about visit to Palestine
Gaza one year on: In pictures | The Daily Mail
Israel exonerates itself over killings of four children on beach in Gaza last year | The Guardian
Until 20 June – Freedom Theatre UK Tour – Glasgow
Until 21 June – Palestine unlocked festival – Oxford
Until September – Reem Kelani: Live opera in the UK
Thursday 18 June – AMOS trust and Friends of Sabeel UK present: What next for Palestine? – London
Thursday 18 June – Supper club with Hana Haj Ahmad of Tatreez Café – The Mosaic Rooms, London
Tuesday 23 June – Evening rally after the Lobby – Parliament, London
Sunday 28 June – Film: 'Where Should The Birds Fly' with PCT – London
To stay-up-to-date please follow us on Facebook and Twitter
Click here if you wish to receive our emails >>


Created by the United Nations, 3 March is dedicated to observing World Wildlife Day 'to celebrate the many beautiful and varied forms of wild fauna and flora and to raise awareness of the multitude of benefits that conservation provides to people'.
This year's theme is 'the future of wildlife is in our hands'. Biodiversity is imperative to communities and to the planet. It's important that we preserve habitats associated with the projects that we work on to maintain overall diversity in the world. Moreover, several endangered or threatened species are protected by law, and it is illegal to take them or their habitat without the proper regulatory agency review and permits.
Amec Foster Wheeler is working on many projects to help protect wildlife and natural resources. One project site in California is home to numerous federal and state-listed species, including the San Joaquin kit fox, the giant kangaroo rat, the San Joaquin antelope squirrel and the California tiger salamander.
Our team, composed of biologists, archeologists, environmental monitors and compliance specialists, is conducting pre-construction surveys and wildlife relocation efforts for all sensitive species as well as radio-collaring and monitoring of the San Joaquin kit fox. The construction team is overseeing construction activities and assisting crews in compliance with project conditions designed to protect biological, archeological and water resources. The project is an excellent example of collaboration across different groups within the company.
When thinking about the future of wildlife, it's important to remember that everything is connected – be mindful of your own actions and how they may affect sensitive species and wildlife habitats. You can help raise awareness by talking to friends and family about wildlife and sensitive species. If you have children, teach them about birds and animals. A love of nature can be ingrained in children from an early age, ensuring the next generation can also celebrate World Wildlife Day.


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Southern California murder suspect at large after being mistakenly released from jail
LOS ANGELES (CNS) - A murder suspect remained at large Wednesday, one day after his erroneous release from jail prompted the shutdown of the southbound Hollywood (101) Freeway in Los Angeles for more than an hour while authorities searched for the man.
Steven Manzo, 24, of Hawaiian Gardens, was released from jail at 2:12 p.m. Tuesday, with a Long Beach police spokeswoman subsequently saying that it was determined that he "should not have been released."
In a statement released late Wednesday morning, Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department said it "did NOT erroneously release a murder suspect yesterday from our custody."
"LASD received an `Order For Release' from the court, indicating the case was dismissed. As such, the Department complied with the court order and processed the individual for release," according to the statement. "Should you have any further questions about this incident or the circumstances surrounding it, please contact Long Beach Police Department or the District Attorney's Office."
Online court records indicate that the case against Manzo was dismissed Monday and that the same five charges were re-filed the same day against him under a different case number.
A spokesperson for the District Attorney's Office could not immediately be reached for comment on the case or why the initial case was dismissed.
Long Beach police spokeswoman Arantxa Chavarria said her department "contacted LASD to assist with his apprehension. LASD set up a containment perimeter, but they were not able to take him into custody. Our department will work with local agencies to make every effort to locate suspect Manzo to take him safely into custody."
Manzo was arrested and charged a year ago with the July 26, 2018, killing of Salvador Corrales, 24, according to Long Beach police.
Officers found evidence of a shooting but no victim at 9:05 that night when they were dispatched to a call of shots fired in the 6700 block of Cherry Avenue. Corrales' body was later found inside a vehicle in the 5800 block of Florence Avenue in Bell Gardens, and evidence linked the shots fired in Long Beach with his death, police said.
Copyright 2021 Scripps Media, Inc. City News Service contributed to this report. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Contemplating Art: Essays in Aesthetics
Jerrold Levinson
Philosophy, Aesthetics
This book is a compendium of writings from the last ten years by one of the leading figures in aesthetics, Jerrold Levinson. It contains twenty-four essays and is divided into seven parts. The first ... More
This book is a compendium of writings from the last ten years by one of the leading figures in aesthetics, Jerrold Levinson. It contains twenty-four essays and is divided into seven parts. The first is about issues relating to art in general, not specific to one art form. The second is about philosophical problems specific to music. The third part focuses on pictorial art, and the fourth on interpretation, in particular, the interpretation of literature. The remaining parts of the book discuss aesthetic properties, issues in historical aesthetics, humor, and intrinsic value.Less
Contemplating Art : Essays in Aesthetics
This book is a compendium of writings from the last ten years by one of the leading figures in aesthetics, Jerrold Levinson. It contains twenty-four essays and is divided into seven parts. The first is about issues relating to art in general, not specific to one art form. The second is about philosophical problems specific to music. The third part focuses on pictorial art, and the fourth on interpretation, in particular, the interpretation of literature. The remaining parts of the book discuss aesthetic properties, issues in historical aesthetics, humor, and intrinsic value.
Keywords: music, pictorial art, interpretation, literature, literary language, aesthetic properties, humor, intrinsic value
Conclusion: Politics, Ideology, and Old Comedy
I. A. Ruffell
in Politics and Anti-Realism in Athenian Old Comedy: The Art of the Impossible
Classical Studies, Plays and Playwrights: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This conclusion brings together the three strands of the book and their related forms of anti-realism to argue that Old Comedy constructs its arguments, involves its audience, and seeks ... More
This conclusion brings together the three strands of the book and their related forms of anti-realism to argue that Old Comedy constructs its arguments, involves its audience, and seeks to maintain its cultural authority through the impossible and absurd. Humour and impossibility are central to how Old Comedy makes its political and ideological interventions.Less
This conclusion brings together the three strands of the book and their related forms of anti-realism to argue that Old Comedy constructs its arguments, involves its audience, and seeks to maintain its cultural authority through the impossible and absurd. Humour and impossibility are central to how Old Comedy makes its political and ideological interventions.
Keywords: anti-realism, impossibility, humour, politics, ideology
in Contemplating Art: Essays in Aesthetics
This introductory chapter presents a description of the essays included in this volume.
Laugh and the World Laughs …: When You Are Dying, You Are Still Alive
Lynne Dale Halamish and Doron Hermoni
in The Weeping Willow: Encounters with Grief
Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine and Older People
This chapter discusses the importance of laughter and humour in terminally ill individuals, describing the case of 64-year-old Eyal who, learned to laugh even after he was hospitalized for liver ... More
This chapter discusses the importance of laughter and humour in terminally ill individuals, describing the case of 64-year-old Eyal who, learned to laugh even after he was hospitalized for liver cancer. It explains that dying people are still alive and deserve to be treated as such, and that this includes allowing them to respond with all of the emotions they have.Less
Laugh and the World Laughs … : When You Are Dying, You Are Still Alive
Lynne Dale HalamishDoron Hermoni
This chapter discusses the importance of laughter and humour in terminally ill individuals, describing the case of 64-year-old Eyal who, learned to laugh even after he was hospitalized for liver cancer. It explains that dying people are still alive and deserve to be treated as such, and that this includes allowing them to respond with all of the emotions they have.
Keywords: laughter, humour, terminally ill, dying people, liver cancer, emotions
Selected Cognitive and Affective Strengths: Potential PsyCap?
Fred Luthans, Carolyn M. Youssef, and Bruce J. Avolio
in Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge
Business and Management, Organization Studies
This chapter examines the potentially best fitting cognitive and affective positive capacities for being included in the future. Specifically, cognitively-oriented creativity and wisdom, and the ... More
This chapter examines the potentially best fitting cognitive and affective positive capacities for being included in the future. Specifically, cognitively-oriented creativity and wisdom, and the affective, emotionally-oriented positive strengths of subjective well-being, flow, and humor are selected. Each of these potential psychological capital (PsyCap) capacities is analyzed in terms of the criteria of valid measurement, development, and performance impact. Except for empirically demonstrating performance impact in the workplace, these are judged to generally meet the PsyCap inclusion criteria. The concluding section notes some needed future research for these cognitive and affective positive capacities to more fully meet the PsyCap criteria.Less
Selected Cognitive and Affective Strengths : Potential PsyCap?
Fred LuthansCarolyn M. YoussefBruce J. Avolio
This chapter examines the potentially best fitting cognitive and affective positive capacities for being included in the future. Specifically, cognitively-oriented creativity and wisdom, and the affective, emotionally-oriented positive strengths of subjective well-being, flow, and humor are selected. Each of these potential psychological capital (PsyCap) capacities is analyzed in terms of the criteria of valid measurement, development, and performance impact. Except for empirically demonstrating performance impact in the workplace, these are judged to generally meet the PsyCap inclusion criteria. The concluding section notes some needed future research for these cognitive and affective positive capacities to more fully meet the PsyCap criteria.
Keywords: affective strengths, cognitively-oriented strengths, creativity, flow, humor, subjective well-being, wisdom
A Unity of Experience: Purification, Expansion, and Identity through Ritual
Joseph Epes Brown and Emily Cousins
in Teaching Spirits: Understanding Native American Religious Traditions
Religion, World Religions
This chapter focuses on the unity of experience in Native American religious traditions. Native American traditions stress a unity of experience. Where such traditions are still alive and spiritually ... More
This chapter focuses on the unity of experience in Native American religious traditions. Native American traditions stress a unity of experience. Where such traditions are still alive and spiritually viable, the dimension and expression of the sacred is present in all of life's necessary activities. When the elements of time, place, language, art, and the metaphysics of nature come together, however, as they do in ritual activities, the experience of the sacred is intensified. The three cumulative possibilities that must be accomplished by spiritually effective rites: purification, expansion, and identity are mentioned, as are initiation rites, and humor in Native American rites.Less
A Unity of Experience : Purification, Expansion, and Identity through Ritual
Joseph Epes BrownEmily Cousins
This chapter focuses on the unity of experience in Native American religious traditions. Native American traditions stress a unity of experience. Where such traditions are still alive and spiritually viable, the dimension and expression of the sacred is present in all of life's necessary activities. When the elements of time, place, language, art, and the metaphysics of nature come together, however, as they do in ritual activities, the experience of the sacred is intensified. The three cumulative possibilities that must be accomplished by spiritually effective rites: purification, expansion, and identity are mentioned, as are initiation rites, and humor in Native American rites.
Keywords: Native American culture, religious traditions, spiritual rites, initiation rites, humor
Romani ueteres atque urbani sales: A Note on Cicero De Oratore 2.262 and Lucilius 173M
in Ancient Historiography and its Contexts: Studies in Honour of A. J. Woodman
Classical Studies, European History: BCE to 500CE
This chapter examines how Cicero shaped his oratorical persona through the deployment of precise verbal devices (especially diminutives and irony), re-configuring his champions of the past by ... More
This chapter examines how Cicero shaped his oratorical persona through the deployment of precise verbal devices (especially diminutives and irony), re-configuring his champions of the past by combining different aspects of their humour so as to construct a unified model of verbal wit that owes much to the tradition of satire at Rome, particularly to the voice of Lucilius. The orator could not adopt wholesale the conventions or persona of the satirist, however. Cicero's self-construction modulates political invective in accordance with the dignitas and auctoritas appropriate to the orator, and with the elegantia and wit of the urbane contemporary Roman.Less
This chapter examines how Cicero shaped his oratorical persona through the deployment of precise verbal devices (especially diminutives and irony), re-configuring his champions of the past by combining different aspects of their humour so as to construct a unified model of verbal wit that owes much to the tradition of satire at Rome, particularly to the voice of Lucilius. The orator could not adopt wholesale the conventions or persona of the satirist, however. Cicero's self-construction modulates political invective in accordance with the dignitas and auctoritas appropriate to the orator, and with the elegantia and wit of the urbane contemporary Roman.
Keywords: diminutives, humour, wit, elegantia, Cicero, Lucilius, satire, irony, invective, dignitas
The Merited Response Argument
Berys Gaut
in Art, Emotion and Ethics
This chapter develops and defends the merited response argument for ethicism. Less satisfactory versions of the argument due to Hume and Noöl Carroll are criticized. The favoured version of the ... More
This chapter develops and defends the merited response argument for ethicism. Less satisfactory versions of the argument due to Hume and Noöl Carroll are criticized. The favoured version of the argument developed here holds, roughly, that when works prescribe responses to the events that they represent, their aesthetic success partly depends on these responses being merited, and that whether this is so partly depends on whether the responses are ethical. Several objections to this argument, including some by Jacobson, are discussed and rejected. The chapter also discusses at length the case of dark humour, including black comedies and satire. It is shown that dark humour does not undermine the merited response argument or ethicism.Less
This chapter develops and defends the merited response argument for ethicism. Less satisfactory versions of the argument due to Hume and Noöl Carroll are criticized. The favoured version of the argument developed here holds, roughly, that when works prescribe responses to the events that they represent, their aesthetic success partly depends on these responses being merited, and that whether this is so partly depends on whether the responses are ethical. Several objections to this argument, including some by Jacobson, are discussed and rejected. The chapter also discusses at length the case of dark humour, including black comedies and satire. It is shown that dark humour does not undermine the merited response argument or ethicism.
Keywords: black comedy, Carroll, Hume, humour, Jacobson, merited response argument, prescribed responses, satire
INSULT HUMOR
Jerome Neu
in Sticks and Stones: The Philosophy of Insults
Philosophy, Philosophy of Language
Humor, like ritual, may sometimes license otherwise offensive insults. When and why? The special genre of insult humor, including roasts, is considered along with Freud's account of the role of ... More
Humor, like ritual, may sometimes license otherwise offensive insults. When and why? The special genre of insult humor, including roasts, is considered along with Freud's account of the role of collusion in tendentious humor broadly conceived. When is it wrong to laugh? Satire, teasing, and bullying sometimes take the ridicule in insult humor to the extremes of aggression.Less
Humor, like ritual, may sometimes license otherwise offensive insults. When and why? The special genre of insult humor, including roasts, is considered along with Freud's account of the role of collusion in tendentious humor broadly conceived. When is it wrong to laugh? Satire, teasing, and bullying sometimes take the ridicule in insult humor to the extremes of aggression.
Keywords: humor, license, offensive, roasts, Freud, collusion, tendentious humor, laugh, satire, teasing, bullying, ridicule, aggression
Mimesis and the Antinomies of Corporate 'Fun'
in Authenticity and the Cultural Politics of Work: New Forms of Informal Control
Business and Management, Organization Studies, HRM / IR
One of the key aspects of the 'just be yourself' management discourse and its quest for personal authenticity is the fetishization of fun and play at work. This stands in stark contrast to earlier ... More
One of the key aspects of the 'just be yourself' management discourse and its quest for personal authenticity is the fetishization of fun and play at work. This stands in stark contrast to earlier modes of management thought that attempted to depersonalise the organization and drive out any 'irrational' human features (when at work we are serious, when work is finished we can have fun). The presumption is that fun is part of our authentic personhood and should be celebrated, often involving strange exercises and games. Employees are presumed to be motivated by this. Fun has always existed in organizations in the informal sphere, often played out against management. Now this form of life has entered official discourse. In order to make work fun a process of mimesis occurs in which non-work gestures are simulated inside the organization. An empirical case is investigated to demonstrate this process of mimesis or simulation. But what exactly is being simulated? Again, the chapter draws upon the Italian autonomist ideas of Hardt and Negri to show how managed fun is more of a controlling gesture rather than an act of liberation.Less
One of the key aspects of the 'just be yourself' management discourse and its quest for personal authenticity is the fetishization of fun and play at work. This stands in stark contrast to earlier modes of management thought that attempted to depersonalise the organization and drive out any 'irrational' human features (when at work we are serious, when work is finished we can have fun). The presumption is that fun is part of our authentic personhood and should be celebrated, often involving strange exercises and games. Employees are presumed to be motivated by this. Fun has always existed in organizations in the informal sphere, often played out against management. Now this form of life has entered official discourse. In order to make work fun a process of mimesis occurs in which non-work gestures are simulated inside the organization. An empirical case is investigated to demonstrate this process of mimesis or simulation. But what exactly is being simulated? Again, the chapter draws upon the Italian autonomist ideas of Hardt and Negri to show how managed fun is more of a controlling gesture rather than an act of liberation.
Keywords: authenticity, cynicism, the commons, fun, humour, non-work, play
Politics of Socratic Humor
John Lombardini
Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical
How was Socrates funny? Was he an ironist? Did he mock his interlocutors and, in doing so, show disdain for both them and the institutions of Athenian democracy? These questions were debated with ... More
How was Socrates funny? Was he an ironist? Did he mock his interlocutors and, in doing so, show disdain for both them and the institutions of Athenian democracy? These questions were debated with great seriousness by three generations of Greek writers and helped to define a primary strand of the Western tradition of political thought. This book reconstructs the debate between ancient Greek authors concerning the nature and purpose of Socratic humor. It compares the Socrates presented in Aristophanes, Plato, Xenophon, Aristotle, and the Hellenistic philosophical schools in order to demonstrate that humor was a key aspect of Socrates's legacy in and after the classical period. It further shows how these ancient depictions of Socratic humor were shaped by the political context in which they were written and illustrates why Socratic intellectualism was thought to be dangerous to democratic authority. Practices of humor are connected with the operations of power; this book details how humor enabled Socrates to navigate relations of power between himself and his interlocutors. By attending to the politics of humor, these ancient writers explored the political implications of Socratic conversation in ways that shed new light on the relationships between humor, power, and democratic authority.Less
How was Socrates funny? Was he an ironist? Did he mock his interlocutors and, in doing so, show disdain for both them and the institutions of Athenian democracy? These questions were debated with great seriousness by three generations of Greek writers and helped to define a primary strand of the Western tradition of political thought. This book reconstructs the debate between ancient Greek authors concerning the nature and purpose of Socratic humor. It compares the Socrates presented in Aristophanes, Plato, Xenophon, Aristotle, and the Hellenistic philosophical schools in order to demonstrate that humor was a key aspect of Socrates's legacy in and after the classical period. It further shows how these ancient depictions of Socratic humor were shaped by the political context in which they were written and illustrates why Socratic intellectualism was thought to be dangerous to democratic authority. Practices of humor are connected with the operations of power; this book details how humor enabled Socrates to navigate relations of power between himself and his interlocutors. By attending to the politics of humor, these ancient writers explored the political implications of Socratic conversation in ways that shed new light on the relationships between humor, power, and democratic authority.
Keywords: Socrates, humor, Plato, Aristophanes, Xenophon, Aristotle, Cynicism
The String Quartets of Joseph Haydn
Floyd Grave and Margaret Grave
Music, History, Western
Encompassing sixty-eight works composed over a span of more than four decades, Haydn's quartet oeuvre contributed to the establishment, solidification, and refinement of late 18th-century ... More
Encompassing sixty-eight works composed over a span of more than four decades, Haydn's quartet oeuvre contributed to the establishment, solidification, and refinement of late 18th-century chamber-music practices, notably by furnishing superlative models of idiomatic ensemble technique (involving textural diversity and continuous change in relationship among the instruments), style (highlighting the play of formal conventions and musical customs associated with folk music, popular dance, opera, concerto, and other genres), and compositional process (featuring motivic elaboration, harmonic novelty, and narrative intrigue). Conventions Haydn adapted for quartet use include those of sonata form, the minuet-trio complex, variation, rondo, and fugue. In addition, he established norms of his own for the sequence of movements in a quartet and for the design of the opus groups, each of which encompasses a particular constellation of variety and consistency in form, style, and ensemble technique. Examination of the opus groups reveals insights into the circumstances under which they were written, the musical resources on which they drew, their innovations, their points of connection with other opus groups, their manifestations of both change and continuity in outlook and style, and their reflections of Haydn's artistic personality — in particular his penchant for novelty in sonority, theme, metrical play, phraseology, and large-scale structure; his gift for musical irony in drawing connections between seemingly unrelated ideas; and his irrepressible musical wit and humor, typically involving strokes of surprise, thwarted expectation, and the whimsical juxtaposition of incongruous elements.Less
Floyd GraveMargaret Grave
Encompassing sixty-eight works composed over a span of more than four decades, Haydn's quartet oeuvre contributed to the establishment, solidification, and refinement of late 18th-century chamber-music practices, notably by furnishing superlative models of idiomatic ensemble technique (involving textural diversity and continuous change in relationship among the instruments), style (highlighting the play of formal conventions and musical customs associated with folk music, popular dance, opera, concerto, and other genres), and compositional process (featuring motivic elaboration, harmonic novelty, and narrative intrigue). Conventions Haydn adapted for quartet use include those of sonata form, the minuet-trio complex, variation, rondo, and fugue. In addition, he established norms of his own for the sequence of movements in a quartet and for the design of the opus groups, each of which encompasses a particular constellation of variety and consistency in form, style, and ensemble technique. Examination of the opus groups reveals insights into the circumstances under which they were written, the musical resources on which they drew, their innovations, their points of connection with other opus groups, their manifestations of both change and continuity in outlook and style, and their reflections of Haydn's artistic personality — in particular his penchant for novelty in sonority, theme, metrical play, phraseology, and large-scale structure; his gift for musical irony in drawing connections between seemingly unrelated ideas; and his irrepressible musical wit and humor, typically involving strokes of surprise, thwarted expectation, and the whimsical juxtaposition of incongruous elements.
Keywords: compositional process, chamber-music practices, ensemble technique, formal convention, genre, musical irony, musical wit, musical humor, novelty, opus group
Humour in Contemporary France: Controversy, Consensus and Contradictions
Jonathan Ervine
Liverpool University Press
10.3828/liverpool/9781789620511.001.0001
Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
This timely study sheds new light on debates about humour and multiculturalism in France, and is the first monograph about multiculturalism and humour in France to be published in either English or ... More
This timely study sheds new light on debates about humour and multiculturalism in France, and is the first monograph about multiculturalism and humour in France to be published in either English or French that analyses both debates about Charlie Hebdo and stand-up comedy. It will examine humour, freedom of expression and social cohesion in France at a crucial time in France's recent history following the Charlie Hebdo attacks of January 2015. It will evaluate the state of French society and attitudes to humour in France in the aftermath of the events of January 2015. This book will argue that debates surrounding Charlie Hebdo, although significant, only provide part of the picture when it comes to understanding humour and multiculturalism in France. This monograph will fill significant gaps in French and international media coverage and academic writing, which has generally failed to adequately examine the broader picture that emerges when one examines career trajectories of notable contemporary French comedians. By addressing this failing, this book provides a more complete picture of humour, multiculturalism and Republican values in France. By focusing primarily on contemporary comedians in France, this book will explore competing uses of French Republican discourse in debates about humour, offensiveness and freedom of expression. Ultimately, this work will argue that studying humour and multiculturalism in France in often reveals a sense of national unease within the Republic at a time of considerable turmoil.Less
Humour in Contemporary France : Controversy, Consensus and Contradictions
This timely study sheds new light on debates about humour and multiculturalism in France, and is the first monograph about multiculturalism and humour in France to be published in either English or French that analyses both debates about Charlie Hebdo and stand-up comedy. It will examine humour, freedom of expression and social cohesion in France at a crucial time in France's recent history following the Charlie Hebdo attacks of January 2015. It will evaluate the state of French society and attitudes to humour in France in the aftermath of the events of January 2015. This book will argue that debates surrounding Charlie Hebdo, although significant, only provide part of the picture when it comes to understanding humour and multiculturalism in France. This monograph will fill significant gaps in French and international media coverage and academic writing, which has generally failed to adequately examine the broader picture that emerges when one examines career trajectories of notable contemporary French comedians. By addressing this failing, this book provides a more complete picture of humour, multiculturalism and Republican values in France. By focusing primarily on contemporary comedians in France, this book will explore competing uses of French Republican discourse in debates about humour, offensiveness and freedom of expression. Ultimately, this work will argue that studying humour and multiculturalism in France in often reveals a sense of national unease within the Republic at a time of considerable turmoil.
Keywords: Humour, Charlie Hebdo, Stand-up comedy, Contemporary France, Multiculturalism, Islam, Anti-Semitism
Medicine and the Life Sciences
Jon McGinnis
in Avicenna
Religion, Islam
This chapter first considers where Avicenna envisions medicine within his general classification of the sciences. It next presents the general principles of the humoral medicine that Avicenna adopts, ... More
This chapter first considers where Avicenna envisions medicine within his general classification of the sciences. It next presents the general principles of the humoral medicine that Avicenna adopts, and then discusses Avicenna's views about health and the causes of disease or malady more generally. It concludes by considering a concrete issue of a medical-philosophical nature treated in Avicenna's writings, namely, a problem associated with embryonic development and specifically whether embryonic development occurs gradually, as observation seems to suggest, or in stages, as theory seems to dictate. In the end, the chapter hopes to show how Avicenna successfully wed the best medicine of his time with his own philosophical system.Less
This chapter first considers where Avicenna envisions medicine within his general classification of the sciences. It next presents the general principles of the humoral medicine that Avicenna adopts, and then discusses Avicenna's views about health and the causes of disease or malady more generally. It concludes by considering a concrete issue of a medical-philosophical nature treated in Avicenna's writings, namely, a problem associated with embryonic development and specifically whether embryonic development occurs gradually, as observation seems to suggest, or in stages, as theory seems to dictate. In the end, the chapter hopes to show how Avicenna successfully wed the best medicine of his time with his own philosophical system.
Keywords: medieval medicine, Galenic medicine, humoral medicine, life sciences, humors, vital spirits, temperaments, health, illness, embryonic development
Ideologies of Legitimate Mockery: Margaret Cho's Revoicings of Mock Asian
Elaine W. Chun
in Beyond Yellow English: Toward a Linguistic Anthropology of Asian Pacific America
Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This article examines Margaret Cho's use of Mock Asian, a parodic language style that indexes a stereotypical Asian identity. Although this Korean American comedian's use of Mock Asian necessarily ... More
This article examines Margaret Cho's use of Mock Asian, a parodic language style that indexes a stereotypical Asian identity. Although this Korean American comedian's use of Mock Asian necessarily marks Asian racial otherness and reproduces simplistic ideological links among race, nation, and language, the analysis suggests that audiences generally understand her practices as culturally legitimate in public space because of particular ideologies of race, community membership, and humor. In particular, Cho's successful authentication as an Asian American comedian who is critical of Asian marginalization in the United States yields an interpretation of her practices primarily as a critique of racist mainstream ideologies.Less
Ideologies of Legitimate Mockery : Margaret Cho's Revoicings of Mock Asian
This article examines Margaret Cho's use of Mock Asian, a parodic language style that indexes a stereotypical Asian identity. Although this Korean American comedian's use of Mock Asian necessarily marks Asian racial otherness and reproduces simplistic ideological links among race, nation, and language, the analysis suggests that audiences generally understand her practices as culturally legitimate in public space because of particular ideologies of race, community membership, and humor. In particular, Cho's successful authentication as an Asian American comedian who is critical of Asian marginalization in the United States yields an interpretation of her practices primarily as a critique of racist mainstream ideologies.
Keywords: Korean American, race, humor, stereotype, legitimacy, mock language
"We Can Laugh at Ourselves": Hawai'i Ethnic Humor, Local Identity, and the Myth of Multiculturalism
Roderick N. Labrador
This chapter examines the intersection of language, humor, and representation in the linguistic practices of Hawai'i comedians. In these comedy performances Mock Filipino is often employed to ... More
This chapter examines the intersection of language, humor, and representation in the linguistic practices of Hawai'i comedians. In these comedy performances Mock Filipino is often employed to differentiate the speakers of Philippine languages from speakers of Hawai'i Creole English (or Pidgin). Key to understanding the use of Mock Filipino is the idea of "Local" as a cultural and linguistic identity category and its concomitant multiculturalist discourse. Local comedians' use of Mock Filipino relies on Hawai'i's myth of multiculturalism while constructing racializing discourses which position immigrant Filipinos as culturally and linguistically Other. The linguistic practices in the comedy performances are identity acts that help to produce and disseminate ideas about language, culture, and identity while normalizing Local and reinforcing Hawai'i's mainstream multiculturalist ideology.Less
"We Can Laugh at Ourselves" : Hawai'i Ethnic Humor, Local Identity, and the Myth of Multiculturalism
This chapter examines the intersection of language, humor, and representation in the linguistic practices of Hawai'i comedians. In these comedy performances Mock Filipino is often employed to differentiate the speakers of Philippine languages from speakers of Hawai'i Creole English (or Pidgin). Key to understanding the use of Mock Filipino is the idea of "Local" as a cultural and linguistic identity category and its concomitant multiculturalist discourse. Local comedians' use of Mock Filipino relies on Hawai'i's myth of multiculturalism while constructing racializing discourses which position immigrant Filipinos as culturally and linguistically Other. The linguistic practices in the comedy performances are identity acts that help to produce and disseminate ideas about language, culture, and identity while normalizing Local and reinforcing Hawai'i's mainstream multiculturalist ideology.
Keywords: race, ethnicity, language, representation, performance, humor, multiculturalism, Filipino, Hawai'i
Humour in Chinese Life and Culture: Resistance and Control in Modern Times
Jessica Milner Davis and Jocelyn Chey (eds)
This volume covers modern and contemporary forms of humour in China's public and private spheres, including comic films and novels, cartooning, pop songs, internet jokes, and advertising and ... More
This volume covers modern and contemporary forms of humour in China's public and private spheres, including comic films and novels, cartooning, pop songs, internet jokes, and advertising and educational humour. The second of two multidisciplinary volumes on humour in Chinese life and letters, this text also explores the relationship between the political control and popular expression of humour, such as China and Japan's exchange of comic stereotypes. It advances the methodology of cross-cultural and psychological studies of humour and underlines the economic and personal significance of humour in modern times.Less
Humour in Chinese Life and Culture : Resistance and Control in Modern Times
This volume covers modern and contemporary forms of humour in China's public and private spheres, including comic films and novels, cartooning, pop songs, internet jokes, and advertising and educational humour. The second of two multidisciplinary volumes on humour in Chinese life and letters, this text also explores the relationship between the political control and popular expression of humour, such as China and Japan's exchange of comic stereotypes. It advances the methodology of cross-cultural and psychological studies of humour and underlines the economic and personal significance of humour in modern times.
Keywords: Humour studies, Comparative humour, China, Japan, Modernity, Civilization, Taste-cultures, Political humour, Cartoons, Internet
Frederick Rowe Davis
in The Man Who Saved Sea Turtles: Archie Carr and the Origins of Conservation Biology
Biology, Aquatic Biology
Carr's use of narrative to understand nature set him apart from most other scientists. He incorporated local stories and myths in to his technical and popular writings. Everywhere he went in search ... More
Carr's use of narrative to understand nature set him apart from most other scientists. He incorporated local stories and myths in to his technical and popular writings. Everywhere he went in search of nature, Carr found culture, and the humorous and poignant stories of people eking out a living in distant and often desolate places added pathos to the narratives he related in his popular books. Unlike most scientists, Carr readily acknowledged non-expert contributions to his research. Moreover, natural history and ecology, as mastered by Carr, represent narrative exercises. One of Carr's central goals through much of his career was to complete life histories, which is to say the story of life from birth to death, for each of the turtle species of the world. Thus, Carr's use of narrative provides the theoretical tool with which to understand his life and work.Less
Carr's use of narrative to understand nature set him apart from most other scientists. He incorporated local stories and myths in to his technical and popular writings. Everywhere he went in search of nature, Carr found culture, and the humorous and poignant stories of people eking out a living in distant and often desolate places added pathos to the narratives he related in his popular books. Unlike most scientists, Carr readily acknowledged non-expert contributions to his research. Moreover, natural history and ecology, as mastered by Carr, represent narrative exercises. One of Carr's central goals through much of his career was to complete life histories, which is to say the story of life from birth to death, for each of the turtle species of the world. Thus, Carr's use of narrative provides the theoretical tool with which to understand his life and work.
Keywords: narrative, nature, local stories, myths, life histories, humor, turtle
Proustian Jokes
Christopher Prendergast
in Mirages and Mad Beliefs: Proust the Skeptic
Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter examines "Proustian jokes" of the kind that gives pause for thought rather than to inflict a wound. Most of the mad beliefs in À la recherche du temps perdu are droll as well as crazy, ... More
This chapter examines "Proustian jokes" of the kind that gives pause for thought rather than to inflict a wound. Most of the mad beliefs in À la recherche du temps perdu are droll as well as crazy, and have their place in what is often and rightly said of the novel, that, among so many other things, it is also a great comic novel. The chapter considers examples of Proustian jokes that it suggests also reveal some of the key sources and terms of Marcel Proust's own aesthetic: the idioms of philosophical Idealism, the practice of naming one thing as another, the transposition of one order of sensation to another, and the drama of the unfinished or unfinishable sentence. It argues that the target of self-directed humor in the Recherche is not just an empirical self but the category of Self and the risk-laden practices of self-talk.Less
This chapter examines "Proustian jokes" of the kind that gives pause for thought rather than to inflict a wound. Most of the mad beliefs in À la recherche du temps perdu are droll as well as crazy, and have their place in what is often and rightly said of the novel, that, among so many other things, it is also a great comic novel. The chapter considers examples of Proustian jokes that it suggests also reveal some of the key sources and terms of Marcel Proust's own aesthetic: the idioms of philosophical Idealism, the practice of naming one thing as another, the transposition of one order of sensation to another, and the drama of the unfinished or unfinishable sentence. It argues that the target of self-directed humor in the Recherche is not just an empirical self but the category of Self and the risk-laden practices of self-talk.
Keywords: self-directed humor, Proustian joke, mad belief, À la recherche du temps perdu, Marcel Proust, philosophical Idealism, Self, self-talk
Troublemakers and Ostracism
Paul U. Unschuld
in What Is Medicine?: Western and Eastern Approaches to Healing
This chapter focuses on the doctrine of four humors introduced by Polybos towards the end of the fifth century bc, applying it consistently to the assessment of the human organism, or to the ... More
This chapter focuses on the doctrine of four humors introduced by Polybos towards the end of the fifth century bc, applying it consistently to the assessment of the human organism, or to the explanation of health and illness. He was the first to base the interpretation of the human conditions of sickness and health purely on the laws of nature and thus on a scientific foundation. The impulse for new thinking always came from outside the body. First came changes in the social structures in which the Greeks lived or aspired to live. Structures triggering a shift in thinking can be real or ideal. The structures that led to the rethinking in ancient Greece were those of the polis democracy. The monistic view of the "rulers" of a fundamental element must have naturally yielded to the new view of a larger number. The important thing is that the idea prevailed that several fundamental elements carried, in their mixture, a complex structure and thus made life possible for the structure. The details come from the graphic nature of the body. After the basic structures imposed themselves from the outside onto the body, the reality of the body could deliver material to fill up the fundamental structures.Less
This chapter focuses on the doctrine of four humors introduced by Polybos towards the end of the fifth century bc, applying it consistently to the assessment of the human organism, or to the explanation of health and illness. He was the first to base the interpretation of the human conditions of sickness and health purely on the laws of nature and thus on a scientific foundation. The impulse for new thinking always came from outside the body. First came changes in the social structures in which the Greeks lived or aspired to live. Structures triggering a shift in thinking can be real or ideal. The structures that led to the rethinking in ancient Greece were those of the polis democracy. The monistic view of the "rulers" of a fundamental element must have naturally yielded to the new view of a larger number. The important thing is that the idea prevailed that several fundamental elements carried, in their mixture, a complex structure and thus made life possible for the structure. The details come from the graphic nature of the body. After the basic structures imposed themselves from the outside onto the body, the reality of the body could deliver material to fill up the fundamental structures.
Keywords: doctrine of four humors, human organism, laws of nature, social structures, ancient Greece, polis democracy


Of all of the questions I get, some really stand out. This isn't one of those.
all seriousness though, people do ask me if pawn shops buy swords more often than you might expect.
The answer to that question depends on two things.
First, it depends on the pawnbroker in question.
You have to understand that pawn shops aren't like Walmart.
There is no one master plan book that tells every pawn shops what they have to take in, how much they have to pay for it, etc.
So, if the pawnbroker who runs that pawn shop isn't comfortable in dealing with weapons of any kind (as some aren't,) then you will be out of luck when it comes to pawning or selling your sword, bazooka, or grenade launcher to them.
With that in mind however, most pawn shops are happy to look at things like knives, swords, and in a lot of cases, guns as well.
Things like swords can have a lot of value, and where there is value, there is almost always some kind of demand, making it a good loan for the pawnbroker in question.
The second thing that this all depends on is what kind of sword you have to begin with.
Just like everything else, there are super cheap "Collectible" swords out there that look very cool, but are normally made in Pakistan or China and have very little real value other than their ridiculous and massively inflated price tags when you buy them new.
There are also some very fine, expensive swords out there that are worth tens of thousands of dollars in some cases.
Equally, there are very old swords that were used in wars that are worth a good amount of money if they've been kept in good condition as well.
A lot of people have asked me if pawn shops buy swords and the answer isn't incredibly straight forward. It will depend on the pawnbroker's comfort with weapons and the sword itself. That having been said, the right sword could be worth thousands of dollars, so it's always worth checking!
The first thing that you have to do when trying to sell your sword to a pawn shop is to actually find a pawn shop that would be interested in looking at it to begin with.
Now, fortunately, this is a very easy process.
Google will give you a list of pawn shops in your area, complete with their names, addresses and phone numbers.
What do I need to have with my sword in order for you to consider it for a loan or for a sale?
Once you've got 2 or 3 pawn shops on your list that will look at your sword(s), then it's time to actually get them read to be looked at.
Now, obviously, if you are thinking about selling your sword to a pawn shop, then you are probably doing so because you are a little tight on money at the moment.
It could be just because you don't want to look at the thing anymore, but realistically, when people are selling things to a pawn shop, it's normally because they are in a pinch.
Either way you go though, you want to get the most money possible for it.
Let's talk about how to do that for a moment.
Cleaning your sword before you take it into a pawn shop is critical.
The idea here is to make your sword look as good as possible, without negative affecting the finish of the sword.
With older swords, swords that are really worth some money in many cases, people often will want to remove any rust, oxidation, or patina with a wire brush, sandpaper, etc. That's a horrible idea – don't do that.
If your sword is older and has rust on it that's not excessive, let it stay for the most part. A professional craftsman would be the only person that you would want to clean this up as they will maintain the sword's integrity and preserve it's value as well as possible.
Caution: Remember to be safe and wear gloves at all times. Don't apply so much pressure that you could cut yourself, as is easy to do when cleaning a sword.
You don't have to soak the cloth, but apply a good amount to it.
Be sure to cover the tip, as well as any grooves that may be in the sword itself.
Again, you don't have to use a huge amount, but you can be pretty liberal here without any adverse effects for the most part.
Be sure to cover the tips and any grooves, just like you did with the rubbing alcohol. You want a nice, even surface layer of oil on the blade, so that it looks "Wet" but not so much that oil is dripping off of it.
If you can, take a little bit of time and research your sword, unless you already know exactly what it is.
Print out some of that documentation you find on it and take it with you to the pawn shop.
Some pawn shops deal with swords on a regular basis and may know exactly what you have and are bringing to them.
Others however may not deal with swords on a regular basis and will appreciate you doing this beforehand.
Additionally, if you can demonstrate what your sword exactly is, it will make the whole process at the pawn shop much faster, and additionally, you may end up getting more for your sword in the end.