The Central Bank of the Republic of Azerbaijan is the supreme state bank and fulfills the function of the reserve system. The site provides information about payment systems, monetary policy, financial stability, and the national currency. In addition, there is information about the legislation, statistical reports, and various publications and research reports.
This is the official website of the Central Bank of Afghanistan, also known as Da Afghanistan Bank (DAB). The site contains basic information about numerous banking topics such as monetary policy, financial supervision, and laws and regulations. Also provided by the site is a media center which contains various news and publications related to the bank.
The Bank of Albania is the Central Bank of the Republic of Albania. This website contains information about the bank, monetary policy, currency, and banking legislation. The site also provides statistical data and periodic publications.
The Bank of Algeria functions as the central bank and supervisor for the Algerian banking system. Included on the website are sections such as general bank information, economic statistics, economic regulations, and market information. Certain portions of the website are only available in French.
This is the official site of the National Bank of Angola (BNA) which provides information on the bank, currency, markets, and legislation. Statistical documents and publications are also available for free in PDF.
This resource provides an institutional overview of the Argentinian banking system, statistical data, and financial news. It includes updated news and daily reports on the world monetary politics, reserves status, and major economic variables.
As the official site of the Central Bank of Armenia, this site includes descriptions about the Armenian Banking system, current financial news, worldwide stock indexes, and foreign currencies exchange rate.
The mission of the Central Bank of Aruba (CBA) is to maintain the internal and external value of the financial system as well as help serve the financial industry of Aruba. This site provides detailed information on statistics, legislation, regulation, new releases, and economic publications.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) is the country's central bank. It conducts monetary policy, works to maintain a strong financial system, and issues the nation's currency. The resource includes information regarding monetary policy, market operations, financial stability, payments and infrastructure, banknotes, and financial services.
The Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB) is the central bank of Austria. The OeNB contributes to the monetary and economic policy decision-making in Austria and the euro area. The institution issues a quarterly newsletter providing an analysis of cyclical developments, macroeconomic forecasts, and other important topics related to economics. Information on the website about cash management, monetary policy, and financial stability is provided in addition to numerous statistical tables regarding these areas.
As the major financial institution in the country, the Central Bank of the Bahamas is charged with maintaining monetary stability and an adequate banking system, as well as ensuring a balance of payments that is conducive to economic development. The site offers financial statistics, publications, news, and links to relevant websites.
The Central Bank of Bahrain is a public corporate entity responsible for maintaining monetary and financial stability. It is the sole regulator of Bahrain's financial sector, covering the full range of banking, insurance, investment business, and capital markets activities.
The Bangladesh Bank is the central bank of Bangladesh, responsible for issuing Bangladesh currency and maintaining its value. It acts as a banker and adviser to the government, supervises the banking system of the country, and administers foreign exchange regulations.
As the official website of the Bank of Canada, this resource includes news and information on monetary policy, the financial system, and the Canadian currency. Sections focusing on core functions, markets, bank notes, publications, and statistics can easily be located through the homepage.
The Bank of Central African States, also known as Banque des Etats de I'Afrique Centrale (BEAC), consists of Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, and Equatorial Guinea. This website provides statistical information on the region as well as publications. Also included on the site are sections on monetary policy, public securities markets, and banking supervision. Only available in French.
The Bank of the Lao (BOL) website provides information on monetary legislation, economic data, and interest & exchange rates. This website also provides information about the history of the Bank of the Lao, as well as the leaders and governors.
The Central Bank of Barbados works in association with the government to formulate monetary and fiscal policies to assist the country's economic development program. The website provides economic data, information on the financial system and the bank's regulatory framework.
The National Bank of the Republic of Belarus is the central bank of the country, operating as a government agency in regulating its banking and finance systems. The site includes general information, legislation, statistics, banking and payment system information, and publications.
The Central Bank of Belize provides information on Belize's economic and financial systems. The website provides a brief history, background information, statistics, annual and quarterly reports, currency information, and news.
The Bermuda Monetary Authority (BMA) is the regulator of the financial services industry in Bermuda. This site contains information on company matters, banking, insurance, and investment. Statistics, legislation, and publications are also available.
Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan (RMA) is the central banking institution of Bhutan. The RMA is responsible for the creation and regulation of all monetary policy in Bhutan- including laws that govern brokers, insurance companies, and bankruptcies. The website provides forms for foreign currency exchanges. The site also provides links to other Bhutan financial institutions.
The Central Bank of Bolivia, also known as Banco Central de Bolivia, is the monetary authority that maintains monetary stability by issuing domestic Bolivian currency. This site offers information on the regulations, currency exchange, and economic statistics of the country. Only available in Spanish.
The Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina defines and controls the implementation of monetary policy within the country, supports and maintains appropriate payment and settlement systems, and coordinates the activities of the country's banking agencies. This site offers currency information, a list of the country's banks, statistics, and publications.
The Bank of Botswana is the country's central bank. This site includes monetary policy statements, information on banking in Botswana, and financial statistics. There is also a section on recent economic and financial news.
This Central Bank manages the Brazilian Payment System and Currency supply. It formulates and manages monetary and foreign exchange policies according to the Brazilian Federal Government guidelines.
This is the official website of the Central Bank of Myanmar. It contains general information about the bank, monetary policies, payment systems, and financial regulations. Annual reports are also provided on the site.
The fundamental mission of the Bank of the Republic of Burundi is the definition and implementation of monetary policy and exchange. The site provides information on national policies, banking practices, and statistics.
This is the site of the Central Bank of Cabo Verde, formed in 1975. It exercises all of the functions of a central bank, such as issuing currency and being the exchange authority, treasurer, and commercial bank. The site provides information on the bank structure, payment system, capital market, legislation, and monetary policy.
The National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) is responsible for determining monetary policy objectives; monitoring monetary and exchange policies; and licensing, delicensing, regulating, and supervising banks and financial institutions in Cambodia. This website contains information on current and past legislation, economic research — including exchange rates, interest rates, and the country liquidity — as well as publications, news, and events from the bank.
The Central Bank of Chile, also known as Banco Central de Chile, was created in 1925 as part of Chile's monetary restructuring efforts. The bank's objective is to stabilize the value of Chile's currency under a fully convertible gold standard and to regulate currency according to the needs of the monetary market. The website features central bank policies, latest news, and financial stability reports, among other resourceful reports.
The People's Bank of China has two main functions: regulation of the monetary policy and financial supervision. Under these guidelines, it approves, supervises, and administers financial institutions and the financial market industry. The site includes information on monetary policy, rules and regulations, financial stability, and statistics.
The Bank of the Republic, also known as Banco de la República, controls the issue of Colombia's currency, makes loans to the government and private banks, and manages the financial policy of the country. The bank also acts as the promoter of scientific, social, and cultural development. This site contains a number of statistics, financial research, recent press releases, and publications related to business in Colombia.
This website serves as the official resource for the Central Bank of Comoros, also known as Banque Centrale des Comores. The site includes interest rate information, news, and upcoming events. Only available in French.
The Central Bank of Costa Rica, also known as Banco Central de Costa Rica (BCCR), is the financial institution in charge of currency issuance and the maintenance of economic stability. The BCCR site contains information about Costa Rica's monetary policy, financial stability, and investing options. It also provides economic indicators, research papers and documents, legal framework, and publications. Site only available in Spanish.
The National Bank of Croatia is the central bank of the Republic of Croatia and is responsible for the stability of the national currency and for general domestic and foreign liquidity. The site includes a number of financial resources as well as information on the bank itself. This website is only available in Croatian.
The Central Bank of Cuba, also known as Banco Central de Cuba, was created in 1997 to take over the role of the existing central bank. The website provides information on currency exchange rates, monetary policy, links to commercial banks, and economic news about Cuba.
The Central Bank of Cyprus (CBC) is responsible for regulating monetary policy in Cyprus. The CBC site provides monetary policy reports and economic statistics as well as information about currency and international banking.
The Central Bank of Congo works to maintain a stable monetary system by monitoring and creating credit policy. The site includes current events of the bank, publications, and information on currency. The site also provides statistics and market information. The website is only available in French.
As the central bank of Denmark, Danmarks Nationalbank is responsible for ensuring stable prices, a safe payment system, and a stable financial system. The site provides in-depth information about the country's monetary policy, financial stability, an analysis of the Danish financial sector, and information on the market as a whole. In addition, the site offers information about banking and payment systems, government debt, publications, and statistics.
The Central Bank of Djibouti web-portal includes information on banking, currency, taxes, regulations, and finances in Djibouti. Only available in French.
The Central Bank of Dominican Republic regulates the national banking and monetary system. The site features statistics, publications, regulations, and a section on the payments system. News and information on various services provided by the bank are also included on the site.
The Eastern Caribbean Central Bank is the monetary authority for eight Caribbean economies (Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Commonwealth of Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines). The bank aims to regulate the availability of money and credit and to promote and maintain monetary stability. The site offers information regarding currency, payment systems, and financial institutions, as well as a statistics section.
The Central Bank of Ecuador, also known as Banco Central del Ecuador, is the institution driving the dollarization campaign of the Ecuadorian economy. The goals of the institution are to lower inflation, implement sustainable government finances, and achieve economic growth. The website provides information about the bank itself, its products and services, and the economy of Ecuador. Only available in Spanish.
The Central Bank of Egypt is an autonomous public legal entity responsible for formulating monetary, credit, and banking policy. It also maintains the stability of the Egyptian currency. The site provides quarterly and periodic economic review reports, monthly surveys and statistics, documentation on banking laws, and contact information for other banks and related bodies in Egypt.
The Central Reserve Bank of El Salvador, also known as Banco Central de Reserva de El Salvador, provides economic and financial information as well as links to related investment sites. The website provides recent information on interest and exchange rates, economic and financial data by sector, and an archive of economic indicators starting from 1994.
Eesti Pank is Estonia's Central Bank whose mission is to strengthen domestic and international confidence in the stability and integrity of the Estonian currency. The website provides information on the monetary system, payment system, and various financial statistics.
The Central Bank of Eswatini website provides users with information on Eswatini's monetary policy, payment systems, currency, exchange control, financial markets, and bank supervision. The site also includes statistics on financial indicators and publications from the central bank itself.
National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) is the central bank of Ethiopia. The website has information on the structure of NBE and a brief history of money and banking in Ethiopia. There is also a chart of recent currency transaction rates available on the homepage.
In addition to the normal responsibilities of a Central Bank, the Reserve Bank of Fiji (RBF) fosters credit and exchange conditions conducive to the orderly and balanced economic development of the country. The RBF website includes a variety of resources such as economic and financial publications, descriptions of financial regulations, and an upcoming events listing.
The Bank of Finland is responsible for maintaining the currency supply in Finland, for investing foreign reserve assets, and for contributing to the efficiency and development of payment and overall financial systems. The website includes information on recent publications, research and statistics, monetary policy, banking operations, financial stability, banknotes and coins, and The Bank of Finland.
An integral part of the European Systems of Central Banks (ESCB), The Banque de France ensures the smooth operation and security of payment systems within the framework of the task of the ESCB. Its official website contains general information about the bank as well as on monetary policy, financial stability, economics, statistics, and the Eurosystem. The site also has news, speeches, publications, and reports.
This module is the product of a partnership between the U.S. Commercial Service and the Michigan State University Center for International Business Education and Research (CIBER). This module covers U.S. Commercial Service programs, Department of Commerce agencies, and municipal government assistance. There is also a case study included on the business SCIFIT Systems Inc.
This is the official website of the National Bank of Georgia (NBG), the nation's central bank. The site includes information about the bank, monetary policy, financial stability, Georgian money, and payment systems. Also available on the site are numerous statistics, research and publications, and news articles.
Maintaining the stability of the Euro as its primary objective, the Deutsche Bundesbank is the principal bank of the Federal Republic of Germany. It acts as the guardian of the monetary reserves and the issuer of seven different banknotes. The website provides information on the bank and its regular tasks, recent news, financial topics, statistics, and numerous research publications.
The Central Bank of Ghana was established to monitor and implement monetary and fiscal policies, regulate and supervise payment and settlement systems, and regulate the financial sector as a whole. The site provides information about monetary policy, regulatory frameworks and financial laws, treasury and market information, and the banking and payments system. In addition, the site provides economic data and publications, statistical information, and the latest news and press releases.
The Bank of Guatemala promotes, creates, and maintains monetary, credit, and exchange conditions favorable for the development of the Guatemalan economy. The site contains information about the monetary policy, economic and financial information, payment system, currency and bills, and institutional transparency. In addition, the site provides information about principal laws, economic research, research documents, publications, and press releases. This site is available in English, however, some parts are only available in Spanish.
The Central Bank of the Republic of Guinea website includes financial statistics, market data, publications, opportunities, and other information about the bank's structure. Currency rates are also available on the site. Only available in French.
The Bank of Guyana fosters price and monetary stability in Guyana. This site contains information on the legal, regulatory, economic, and financial frameworks of Guyana. It also provides data covering Guyana's currency, foreign exchange rates, and interest rates. Recent publications are available to users as well.
The Bank of the Republic of Haiti (BRH) works to direct and supervise monetary policy in the country. The site includes information on monetary policy, macroeconomic indicators, banking supervision, statistics, circulars, and payment options. Site is only available in French.
The Central Bank of Honduras (CBH) formulates monetary policy, establishes the exchange rate, and acts as the major financial institution in Honduras. This site offers information on Honduras' economic indicators, news, publications, and links to related governmental agencies. Although an English version is available, a majority of the site content is only available in Spanish.
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) is the governmental authority in Hong Kong responsible for maintaining monetary and banking stability through policy development and regulation. This site contains publications, statistics, and regulations as overseen by the HKMA.
Magyar Nemzeti Bank, the national bank of Hungary, defines and implements monetary policy in the interests of maintaining the stability of the national currency. The site includes information on monetary policy, financial stability, statistics, and research.
The Central Bank of Iceland is in charge of monetary policy implementation in Iceland and performs a wide range of functions to this end. The site presents information and statistics about the bank and its activities. It includes sections on inflation, financial stability, and exchange rates.
Bank Indonesia, the country's central bank, works to ensure the stability of the currency, the rupiah. The site includes information on monetary and banking policy, the payment system, and regulation. In addition, publications and statistics are available.
The Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran is responsible for creating and implementing the country's monetary and credit policies. The website offers press releases, statistics, publications, and information about laws and regulations.
The Central Bank of Iraq aims to formulate and implement monetary policy, manage currency, and promote sustainable growth for the country as a whole. The site highlights banking law, monetary policy, and securities auctions. Additionally, economic statistics and data about financial indicators are posted and can be downloaded for free in PDF.
The Central Bank of Ireland is a member of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) and is responsible for monetary policy functions, financial stability, economic analysis, currency and payment systems, investment of foreign and domestic assets, and the provision of central services. The site includes information on all previously mentioned sectors as well as reports and current exchange and interest rates.
The Bank of Israel represents Israel in international financial institutions. Among its many other responsibilities are regulating and directing monetary policy, foreign currency activity, foreign exchange control, banking supervision, issuing of coins and banknotes, and serving as an economic advisor to the government.
The Bank of Italy advises the legislative and executive branches and also provides treasury services for the central government. The web page provides users with information on services for the public, publications, statistics, the central banking system, and markets and payment systems.
The Bank of Jamaica is in charge of managing currency, regulating the financial system and markets, and controlling monetary policy. The site offers economic and financial data, exchange rate information, and news releases. The site also contains sections that give a detailed overview of Jamaica's financial system, monetary policy, and currency.
This website provides information on the Bank of Japan's monetary policy, financial and payment systems, international finance, research papers, and current applicable financial statistics.
The Central Bank of Jordan website provides users with information on latest news from the bank. It also supplies a statistical database, information on the Jordanian dinar currency, current interest rates, laws, regulations, and publications.
The basic goal of the National Bank of Kazakhstan is the maintenance of the internal and external stability of the national currency of Kazakhstan and promotion of economic development. Site content contains information about monetary policy, financial stability, currency regulation, and payment systems. The website also provides statistics, legislation, and press releases.
The Central Bank of Kenya is responsible for formulating monetary policy, promoting price stability, issuing currency, and fostering liquidity, solvency, and proper functioning of a market-based financial system. The site contains information about monetary policy, bank supervision, payment systems, financial markets, and rates and statistics. In addition, the site contains news and highlights, key exchange rates, and various reports.
The Central Bank of the Republic of Kosovo is a successor to the Banking and Payments Authority of Kosovo. The site contains information such as bank regulations, contacts of various financial institutions, Kosovo's payment system introduction, and different financial statistics.
Established in 1969, the Central Bank of Kuwait (CBK) is responsible for monitoring and regulating Kuwait's financial system and the Kuwaiti Dinar exchange rates. The site offers information about Kuwait's monetary policy, its supervisory activities, payment systems, and banknotes and coins. In addition, the site provides information about legislation and regulations in Kuwait, statistics and publications, and recent news and relevant events.
The National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic supports price stability by implementing relevant monetary policy. The site includes information on banking legislation and monetary policy as well as publications and statistics relating to the banking sector.
The Bank of Latvia represents the Republic of Latvia in foreign central banks and international monetary institutions. It is the sole bearer of the right to issue the national currency, banknotes, and coins in the State. The Bank of Latvia sets the official exchange rate of the national monetary unit against foreign currencies.
Banque Du Liban is the legal public entity vested by law to issue the national currency and to protect the currency in order to promote social and economic growth. The website has financial and market information as well as publications, news, and announcements. Some sections are only available in Arabic.
The Central Bank of Lesotho (CBL) works to implement monetary policy and maintain price stability. The website includes information on financial matters, financial markets, legislation, publications, tenders, and media.
This is the official website of the Central Bank of Liberia (CBL). The mission of the bank is to maintain price stability and ensure a sound banking and financial system. Its site provides general information about the CBL, news and press releases, a document library, and current market buying and selling rates.
The Central Bank of Libya (CBL) is state-owned and is the institution responsible for monetary stability in Libya. The content on this site includes banking news, monetary policy, international cooperation, banking information, and background information on the foundation of CBL.
Liechtensteinische Landesbank is one of the main banks operating in Liechtenstein. The site offers traditional banking operations, financial news, investor relations, and information on the principality.
The Bank of Lithuania is the central bank of the Republic of Lithuania. Its principal objective is to seek price stability. This site provides policy and regulation information as well as financial market statistics.
The Central Bank of Luxembourg is in charge of monetary policy, the issuing of banknotes, financial stability, payment systems, and economic analysis. The site contains complete information about Luxembourg's financial laws and regulations, Euro exchange rates with other European currencies, and various financial statistics.
The Monetary Authority of Macao (AMCM) is the autonomous central banking entity of Macau. This site provides information about the banking and insurance sectors, as well as Macau's exchange rates and currency. In addition, site content includes a list of financial institutions, news, research, and statistics. Monthly and annual economic reports are available.
Established as an independent central bank in 1992, the National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia (NBRM) is the institution responsible for the stability of the national banking system. The site presents basic economic data, publications, and press releases, as well as information on financial stability, payment systems, and the Macedonian currency. A useful statistics section is also available that provides statistics on foreign trade, interest rates, and monetary indicators.
The Central Bank of Madagascar, also known as La Banque Centrale de Madagascar, has the responsibility of maintaining the general political economy of Madagascar and its national monetary reserves. The site includes monetary and exchange rate policies, payment systems, statistics, news updates, and key indicators. This resource is only available in French.
The Reserve Bank of Malawi was established in 1964 to serve as the banker of the government. It issues legal tender currency as well as formulates the monetary policy of the country. This site gives general information about the bank, financial and economic information, and press releases.
Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) works to promote monetary and financial stability throughout the country. The bank's website provides a wide variety of informational sections covering topics such as monetary and financial stability, financial sector development, payment systems, foreign exchange administration, and consumer information. A number of publications and statistics detailing the current economic and financial conditions in Malaysia are also provided.
The Maldives Monetary Authority (MMA) issues currency, regulates the availability of the Maldivian Rufiyaa, and promotes its stability. MMA also licenses, supervises, and regulates institutions in the financial sector, formulates and implements monetary policy, and advises the government on issues relating to the economy and financial system. Furthermore, the site provides an overview of the Maldivian economy, statistical data from previous months, annual reports, balance sheets, and other economic and financial publications.
The Central Bank of Mauritania website provides information on financial regulation, economic research, and the foreign exchange market. The site also contains recent financial news and press releases, exchange rates, and the agenda of the central bank. Site is only available in French.
The Bank of Mauritius is responsible for the formulation and execution of monetary policy consistent with stable price conditions. The site provides information about Mauritius's financial markets and payment systems, monetary policy, and legal and compliance guidelines. In addition, the site provides research and publications, statistical data, and recent news.
Banco de Mexico serves as the central bank for Mexico. It offers information about currency, monetary and exchange rate policies, economic and financial indicators, and also publications, including annual reports and speeches.
Beyond its main function as caretaker of the stability of the national currency, the National Bank of Moldova periodically informs the public about macroeconomic analysis, financial market evolution, and statistical data. The site provides information about supervisory activities, monetary policy, market policy, payment activity, and relevant legislation. In addition, the site provides press releases, publications, and statistical information.
The Bank of Mongolia focuses on the stability of the Mongolian national currency and the promotion of balanced and sustained development of the national economy. It aims to create a monetary and financial environment favorable for sustainable growth of GDP. The site also provides information on monetary policy, financial stability and statistics, and the country's payment and settlement system.
The Central Bank of Montenegro was created to oversee and promote a well-run banking system and to ensure a healthy monetary and fiscal policy in the country. The site provides information about the Central Bank's policy and monetary policy, bank supervision, and financial and banking operations. In addition, the site provides press releases, various publications, regulations, and statistics.
The central bank of the Kingdom of Morocco, named "Bank Al-Maghrib", is a financially autonomous public legal entity that implements instruments of monetary policy to ensure price stability, compiles and publishes statistics on money and credit, and manages public reserves. The resources that can be found on this site include financial and monetary statistics, publications, information on banks, and other financial institutions in the country.
The main objective of the Bank of Mozambique is to stabilize and preserve the value of national currency. Headquartered in Maputo, it has regional offices in Beira and Nampula. Financial and monetary reports, statistical information, documents on financial legislation as well as directories of financial institutions in the country can also be found on the website. Some parts of the site are only available in Portuguese.
The Bank of Namibia is responsible for promoting financial and monetary stability to foster sustainable economic growth and development. The site offers documents and information on monetary policy, financial stability, financial markets, payments and settlements, banking supervision, and exchange control.
The National Bank of Belgium (NBB) is Belgium's central bank. The site contains publications, research, statistics, and regulatory information.
Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) is the Central Bank of the Kingdom of Nepal. The website offers foreign currency exchange rates, bids for treasury bonds, publications including its annual economic report, and statistics.
The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) is responsible for maintaining a sound financial structure and commercial banking system. This site provides quick statistics, economic research, news, and information on other RBNZ endeavors.
This is the official website of the Central Bank of Nicaragua, which functions as the state regulator of the monetary system of Nicaragua. The site provides information on bank management, financial statistics, and economic indicators. This site is only in Spanish.
The Central Bank of Nigeria works to control and administer the monetary and financial sectors of the Nigerian government. The site provides information about monetary policy, currency, development financing and financial inclusion, the payments system, reserve management, and financial stability. In addition, the site provides recent news, statistics, publications, and speeches.
The Central Bank of Oman is the financial institution responsible for maintaining the value of the national currency and regulating the Omani banking system. The site provides information regarding exchange rates, financial laws and regulations, investment, and multiple financial publications.
The State Bank of Pakistan website offers general information about the banking system. The site also gives details regarding laws and regulations, monetary policy, financial markets, and economic data. Press releases and events are also listed.
The Bank of Papua New Guinea (PNG) is the country's central bank. This website offers information regarding monetary policies, financial and payment systems, financial markets, and the banking history of the country. It also provides links to other finance-related sites.
The Central Bank of Paraguay, also known as Banco Central del Paraguay, is the main bank of the country focused on regulating the banking system and national currency. The web site provides economic data, macroeconomic indicators, and links to economic publications. Only available in Spanish.
The Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP) creates conditions necessary for sustained growth by preserving monetary stability. Its website features updated economic and financial indicators, statistics, reports, and publications.
The Central Bank of Philippines, also known as Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP), is the central bank of the Republic of the Philippines. The bank is committed to promoting and maintaining price stability and providing leadership in the financial system. The site provides information about BSP, monetary policy, banking supervision, payments and settlements, loans and credit, and the country's monetary operations. In addition, the site offers financial publications, research, and statistics.
Narodowy Bank Polski (NBP) is the central bank of Poland. NBP is responsible for establishing monetary policy, issuing currency, and managing official reserves in Poland. The official NBP website contains information about legislation, monetary policy, and the payment and financial systems within the country. Users can also access articles about recent financial news and other publications on the site.
Bank of Portugal, also known as Banco de Portugal, is a member of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) dedicated to the maintenance and stability of the euro. It ensures "the collection and compilation of the monetary, financial, foreign exchange and balance of payments statistics, particularly, within the scope of its co-operation with the European Central Bank."
The Qatar Central Bank aims to achieve financial stability in the exchange rate and domestic price levels while fulfilling other macroeconomic objectives. The website provides information about its legislation, policy framework, public debt tools, financial stability, supervision approach, and consumer protection. Quick links direct users to various pages such as a list of financial institutions in Qatar, monthly bank statements, statistical bulletins, and financial stability reports.
The National Bank of Romania (NBR) is responsible for Romania's monetary policy and regulation of its banking and credit institutions. The site provides information about Romania's monetary policy, financial stability, surveillance, various payment systems, and legal tender. In addition, the site provides publications, statistics, legislation, and recent news.
Maintaining financial stability and enacting conditions favorable to sustainable economic growth are among the main functions of the Bank of Russia. This site provides press releases, publications, statistics, and information on monetary policy and financial markets.
The National Bank of Rwanda was established in 1964 to formulate and implement monetary policy. The site offers financial and monetary reports, statistics, information about financial markets, laws and regulations, and links to local financial institutions.
The Central Bank of Samoa is Samoa's reserve bank and serves as the banker to the government and commercial banks. This website provides news, annual reports, quarterly bulletins, monetary policy statements, currency information, statistics, and export regulations and procedures.
The Central Bank of the Republic of San Marino was established in 1986 to support the republic's financial system. It acts as the financial adviser to the government, coordinates banking activity, and is responsible for the exchange operation in San Marino. The site provides information on the central bank's functions, laws and regulations, and international relations. The resource also contains financial system and banking statistics.
The Central Bank of Sao Tome and Principe manages the country's currency and finances. Its official website includes legislation, statistics, publications, and other financial information. Available only in Portuguese.
The Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority (SAMA), is the central bank of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The site offers monetary information, links to banks within Saudi Arabia, economic reports and statistics, and various publications.
The National Bank of Serbia is the autonomous and independent central bank of the country. Its main responsibilities are to protect price stability and maintain financial stability. The site provides information about regulations, monetary policy, financial stability and financial markets, and the banking system. Statistics, publications, and links to local banks are also available.
The Central Bank of Seychelles was established on January 1, 1983 and took over the functions and responsibilities of the Seychelles Monetary Authority. The website offers statistics, quarterly and annual publications, history and structure of the institution, and its current Seychelles Trade and Tourism Weighted Basket (STTWB) pegged exchange rate.
The Bank of Sierra Leone serves as the central bank of the country and is responsible for monetary stability, issuance of notes, and implementation of policy. The website provides history, structural information, statistics, annual reports, and financial regulations as well as information on debt instruments.
The Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) is the central bank of Singapore. As such, MAS attempts to promote Singapore as a sound financial center while maintaining non-inflationary economic growth. This site contains information on Singapore as a financial hub, statistical data, and publications.
As the supervisor of sound development of the banking sector and the performance of banking activities, the National Bank of Slovakia represents the Slovak Republic in international financial institutions and international money market transactions. The site contains information such as monetary policies and various business statistics.
The Bank of Slovenia's monitors the stability of the domestic currency as well as ensures the liquidity of payments within the country and with foreign countries. The site provides links to banks in Slovenia, publications, and statistics on the banking sector.
The Central Bank of Solomon Islands is the official financial institution of the country. Its official website offers news, publications, statistics, monetary policy information, regulations, legislation, and exchange rates.
The Central Bank of Somalia aims to foster monetary stability, maintain the value of the currency, and improve credit and exchange conditions. Information provided on the site covers topics such as laws and regulations, monetary policy, and economy and finance.
The South African Reserve Bank is the central bank of South Africa. It works to achieve price and financial stability in the country. This site includes information on the bank's monetary and financial policies as well as its payment and settlement systems. It also provides online statistical queries, periodic reports, research, and conference papers.
The Bank of Korea serves as Korea's central bank and is committed to pursuing monetary stability and the development of the Korean economy. The site includes information on monetary policy, payment systems, annual reports, and publications released by the bank.
Bank of Spain, also known as Banco de España, functions as the national central bank and supervisor for the Spanish banking system. Because of its affiliations with the European Systems of Central Banks, it also defines and implements the Eurosystem's monetary policy, conducts currency exchange operations, promotes the sound working of payment systems, and issues legal tender banknotes. The site provides information about the bank's services and the Eurosystem, legislation, publications, and press releases.
Established in 1950, the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) is the apex institution in the financial sector of Sri Lanka. This site provides information on monetary policy, financial system stability, currency management, and offers access to sections such as statistics, education, and information on the agency's functions. Also provided are publications and exchange rates for users.
The Central Bank of Sudan (CBOS) issues currency and formulates the country's monetary and financial policies. The CBOS website provides information about laws and regulations, the financial and banking system in the country, banknotes and coins, and Sudan's relationship with the IMF. Recent news, economic figures, and currency information is also available on the homepage of the website.
The Centrale Bank van Suriname is tasked to promote a balanced social-economic development in Suriname. The site offers a national summary data of economic and financial indicators, a GDDS quick guide for Suriname, and monthly investment guides.
The main functions of Sveriges Riksbank are safeguarding the value of money, promoting a safe and efficient payment system, issuing banknotes, and managing the gold and foreign reserves. The site contains information about interest and exchange rates, notes and coins, monetary policy, and financial stability. Also provided by the site are numerous downloadable statistics and publications.
The Syrian Central Bank is responsible for the monetary policy and promoting economic growth in Syria. Included on the site are a variety of publications and statistics, companies that operate in the financial system, and resources for those interested in the Syrian banking system.
The Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) promotes financial stability, ensures sound banking operations, maintains the stable internal and external value of the currency, and fosters economic development. The website offers information regarding monetary policy, payment systems, currency exchange, foreign exchange, government securities services, statistics, and publications.
Functions of the Central Bank of Tajikistan include developing and strengthening the banking system of the republic, assisting in efficient and smooth operation of the system of settlements, formulating and implementing the government's monetary and exchange policies, and licensing, supervising, and regulating the activities of banks and other credit institutions.
The Bank of Tanzania is responsible for establishing monetary conditions conducive to price stability. Information about the bank itself, financial markets, operation, and supervision can be found on this site along with financial publications and press releases.
The Bank of Thailand (BOT) provides economic information for researchers and analysts through its library and research coordinators. The site also includes research and publications on various topics such as monetary and exchange rate policies, bank notes, and bond and debt instruments.
The Central Bank of The Gambia aims to maintain price and exchange stability to encourage economic development. In addition to standard financial information, the site includes a currency converter, press releases, financial statistics, and information on government securities.
The Central Bank of Timor-Leste conducts policies aiming to achieve and maintain domestic price stability. It has control over the banking and finance system, executes the foreign exchange policy, promotes a safe payment system, and supports the general government and economic policies of Timor-Leste.
The National Reserve Bank of Tonga aims to maintain monetary stability and promote a sound and efficient financial system. The site provides statistics, publications, monetary policy data, and general information regarding the bank and the country. Several documents in the site are available in PDF.
The main responsibilities of the Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago include issuing and redeeming currency, maintaining financial stability, holding deposit accounts for the government, and protecting the external value of the TT dollar. The website provides statistics, monetary policy reports, and research papers.
The Central Bank of Tunisia's main focus is to preserve price stability through a number of different tasks. The web portal provides financial forecasts, statistics, periodic reports, main and average rates of exchange, and information on a variety of regulations.
The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (TCMB or CBRT) carries out open market operations, protects the international value of the Turkish lira, and manages the gold and foreign exchange reserves. It aims to support the growth and employment policies of the Turkish government. The site provides information on the country's market operation, payment system, and statistics.
The Central Bank of Turkmenistan website provides information on the banking and payments system, legislation, the national currency, and foreign exchange. There is also a news section and links to other websites with similar, relevant information.
The mission of the Bank of Uganda is to foster price stability and a sound financial system. Information regarding monetary policy, financial stability, financial markets, financial inclusion, payment systems, and banking and currency is available on the site along with recent news and statistical publications.
The main function of the National Bank of Ukraine as the country's central bank is to ensure the stability of the national currency: Hryvnia. The National Bank oversees the State Register of Banks, foreign currency exchanges, and other financial institutions.
The Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates provides financial stability to other U.A.E. banks and is the banker and financial adviser to the Government. The website provides information on the Central Bank's monetary policy and the U.A.E.'s banking laws and regulations, as well as statistics, publications, and news updates.
The Bank of England promotes and maintains monetary and financial stability in the UK. The site provides links to monetary policy, banknotes, markets, publications, and statistics.
The Central Bank of Uruguay, also known as the Banco Central del Uruguay, is the country's primary financial institution. The bank issues bills and acts as the government's financial adviser. The site provides economic and financial information, relevant statistics, and various economic publications.
The Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan works to stabilize the national currency. The site includes information on its policies, legislation, systems, organizations, and currency. News and updates, press releases, and listed events are also available on the site.
The Reserve Bank of Vanuatu (RBV) aims to build a strong economy by ensuring confidence and stability in the country's financial system. Information on monetary policy, financial stability, financial services, and an overview of the banking system are available on this website.
The Central Bank of Venezuela formulates and carries out monetary policy by participating in the design and implementation of exchange rate policy, administering international reserves, and regulating currency, credit, and interest rates. The site offers a number of financial publications, statistics, and policies. The site is only available in Spanish.
The State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) provides information about interest rates and statistics on the economy of Vietnam. The SBV website also provides information on monetary policy and banking operations.
The Central Bank of Yemen was established in 1971 to carry out the functions of a central bank with the paramount objective of conducting monetary policy to keep inflation under control. The site provides publications, information on the banking system, the latest bank news, as well as a list of all the branches.
The Central Bank of Zambia is in charge of formulating and implementing monetary policies in the country. The site has general economic and financial information as well as statistics and publications.
The primary role of The Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) is to formulate and implement monetary policies in order to maintain domestic money supply at levels consistent with the increase in the overall economic productivity under conditions of low inflation. The RBZ also acts as the sole issuer of bank notes and coins. Their site contains a variety of publications, including annual, quarterly, and monthly economic reviews, which are available for free in PDF.


Rob from DACS Air-conditioning & Electrical Services is your local air-conditioning expert. DACS was established in 2002 and has been providing exceptional service to local residents ever since. Rob and his team can design, supply, install and service your air-conditioning so you can live in the perfect temperature all year round.
When you call Rob, you are working with a tradesperson and not a salesperson. Rob and his team provide the very best in customer care and support. They will always work to a schedule which is convenient for you and keep you up-to-date with what is happening. They are punctual, polite and will always clean up after themselves. Customers also like the fact that they deal with the same person for the entire job.


Thomas "Colton" Leath was introduced to the construction industry at a young age through his father. He signed on with JMMI at 18 and found a natural fit installing and troubleshooting overhead doors. His value of hard work and craftsmanship made him a valuable team member and upon completion of additional training from Cornell Ironworks he was promoted to Foreman specializing in overhead door installation. More recently his wealth of industry knowledge has provided a solid foundation for his role as Estimator/Project Manager. Having started in the field Colton has a clear perspective of how to get the job done right and his priorities are rooted in the project's real world success from the ground up. In addition to relaxing with friends and family he fills his leisure time with many hobbies including camping, fishing and working on computers.


Wash well all the vegetable. Prepare some boiling water to blanch the veggies, blanch the broccoli and chop it.
Peel the potatoes and blanch them till tender.
Place the potatoes in a bowl and mash them. To mash well, the potatoes need to be still hot. Add the butter, the blended broccoli and the seasoning into the mashed potato. Mix well.
Scoop the mashed potato into hill shape with a hole like a volcano on the plates. Then pour baked beans on the mashed potato.
Comments: This classic dish made with the combination Ayam Brand™ baked beans, a healthy substitute for meat, which has more fat and cholesterol & potato which is not only quite filling but also provides protein, vitamins & minerals. Fiber from this dish can make you feel full for a long time, prevent cravings and help you control your appetite. It also contributes to heart health because it has no cholesterol. In addition, fiber contributes to good digestive health by promoting bowel regularity. One serve of this dish also yields whooping amounts of Vitamin C derived from broccoli added in the dish which is vital to the function of a strong immune system. Also, Vitamin C can be helpful for preventing the development and progression of atherosclerosis and heart disease. Most of the sodium comes from the addition of table salt which can be replaced with herbs & condiments like parsley, coriander leaves etc to flavor the food.


Creative Investments Bring Balance to Personal Finance Investing and preparing for the future are two important facets of financial security. Unfortunately, while daily budgeting has a natural flow and ease, long-term financial planning is vexing to some investors. And when you add the fact financial markets change continually, finding prosperity isn't always an exact science….
Kleenex Sneeze Shield Tissues Put to the Test!


Snapper Frames range of notice board, chalk board, cork board or pin board units are a fantastic way to post important announcements or messages at your business.
Whether interior or exterior, these noticeboards can be used at university campuses, schools, transport terminals and sporting arenas – in fact you'll find that our whiteboards, notice boards, chalk boards or cork boards are versatile enough to be used everywhere.
Our products are truly unique and our range includes wall boards that have a cork board surface, magnetic white boards, magnetic chalk boards and chalk boards that are used with liquid chalk markers.
Designed to keep your posters and advertising material safe and secure, Snapper Display System's notice boards are manufactured from aluminium and feature lockable covers making them perfect for internal and external use.
Manufactured to the highest standards, we invite you to choose from magnetic, pin or cork options – you can be sure that we have the style you need, depending on your requirements.
Our SlimLock notice boards are stocked in sizes from A3 to A0 and can also be purchased in sizes of multiple A4 pages, such as: 4 x A4, 6 x A4, 9 x A4 and 12 x A4.
We understand that sometimes you want to create something a little different, so if none of those sizes suit, you will be pleased to hear that we can design and create a customised notice board, just for you.


Blue Lines---Lots being offered For Sale by our Seller. Red Lot lines---Former Pizza also listed For Sale by a different Broker. Yellow Lot--Not currently For Sale.
5000 Rossville Blvd may be sold individually or as a group sale with these other properties being sold by Seller. Freeman Mattress is currently on a MTM Lease at $1,200/month.


Tune-Yards are known for their trippy, electronically-tinged alternative rock, and their newest album, I can feel you creep into my private life has been delighting fans and newcomers alike. Joining with director Susan Janow, they've dropped off the new music video for album cut "Honesty," along with an awesome making-of featurette. The videos were produced via professional studio Creative Growth, an organization dedicated to providing a professional studio environment for artists with developmental, mental and physical disabilities.
Playfully pitting the lyrics against the subject of the video, Tune-Yards' Merrill Garbus takes on the role of a bored housewife taking an absurd and ecstatic psychedelic experience. Check it out, along with the featurette, below and don't miss Tune-Yards on Saturday, June 23rd.


Jamie Dixon and Liam Ramsey both signed on the dotted line this week, and we are hoping to complete the signing of Ross Gair in the next few days.
The signings will take the squad up to 24 active players.
Liam Ramsey joins from Amble St Cuthberts, and starred in a cup final at St James' Park at the end of last season, scoring 2 goals to help his side lift the cup.
Jamie Dixon featured once for Alnwick Town last season before moving to Coldstream early in the season.


text:
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Spoorlijn 170 is een belangrijke spoorlijn in Tsjechië. De spoorlijn loopt van de stad Beroun, vlak bij Praag, via Pilsen naar Cheb, in het uiterste westen van het land. Het traject is 177 kilometer lang.

Over spoorlijn 170 rijden naast de vele goederentreinen verschillende stoptreinen en intercity's, waaronder de trein van Františkovy Lázně naar Praag. Ondanks dat het een belangrijke lijn is voor het binnenlandse treinverkeer, rijden er nauwelijks internationale treinen. De reden hiervoor is dat het trajectdeel tussen Pilsen en Cheb grotendeels eensporig is. Het deel van Beroun naar Pilsen heeft wel twee sporen. Wel rijden er enkele treinen van Neurenberg en München naar Praag.

Het gedeelte van de lijn tussen Beroun en Pilsen werd op 14 juli 1862 geopend, tegelijk met spoorlijn 171 van Beroun naar Praag. Het deel tussen Pilsen en Cheb werd tien jaar later in gebruik genomen, op 28 januari 1872. Het eerste gedeelte was onderdeel van de Böhmische Westbahn (Praag-Pilsen-Furth im Wald), het tweede gedeelte van de Kaiser-Franz-Josephs-Bahn (Wenen-Pilsen-Cheb).

De spoorlijn maakt deel uit van de třetí železniční koridor (derde spoorwegcorridor), die van de Duitse grens naar de Slowaakse grens loopt via Pilsen, Praag, Pardubice, Olomouc en Ostrava.

170

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


WTSB News has confirmed, the Town of Four Oaks and County of Johnston are negotiating with a large furniture company that's considering a site next to Interstate 95 for a distribution center and retail store.
Sources tell WTSB that Ashley Furniture, the number one retailer of home furniture in North America, is looking at several locations on Interstate 95 in North Carolina, including a location near Exit 87 (Keen Road) in Four Oaks.
Source say negotiations are underway with property owners on Brewer Road at Highway 96 as a potential site. Water and sewer would need to be extended to the site, if Ashley Furniture selects the Four Oaks location.
Reports suggest the company could also house a Call Center at the new I-95 location. The company initially looked at a site in the Four Oaks Industrial Park but decided against that location because they wanted to have a retail component in addition to the warehouse/distribution center.


text:
College of Education Receives Accreditation
National accreditation is for five years at both initial preparation and advanced preparation levels.
Minnesota State University, Mankato Media Relations Office News Release, 6-14-2013
Mankato, Minn. – Minnesota State University, Mankato's College of Education has received accreditation at the initial teacher preparation and advanced preparation levels for five years (May 2013 to fall of 2018) through the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE).
This accreditation decision indicates that Minnesota State Mankato's College of Education and its programs meet rigorous standards set forth by the professional education community, according to the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education.
Jean Haar, dean of Minnesota State Mankato's College of Education, said the recent accreditation affirms the outstanding work the college is doing in preparing aspiring teachers for educating students in the 21st century.
"Our college is immersed in the complex work of preparing professionals to ensure student success," said Haar. "Our successful accreditation demonstrates the high level of quality and commitment our faculty, staff and K-12 school partners have for education."
Nearly 1,900 students are enrolled in the College of Education, including approximately 1,100 undergraduates, making education the most popular major at Minnesota State Mankato. The college also serves approximately 800 graduate level students seeking doctorate and master's degrees as well as specialist licensure and continuing education certification.
In addition to its core academic programs, the College of Education houses award-winning centers in the areas of engaged leadership, school-university partnerships and mentoring and induction.
Founded in 1954, NCATE is recognized by the U. S. Department of Education as a specialized accrediting body for schools, colleges, and departments of education. NCATE and the Teacher Education Accreditation Council (TEAC) have consolidated and are now transitioning into the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP). More information about NCATE is available at www.ncate.org.
Information about Minnesota State Mankato's College of Education is available here. For more information, please contact the college's dean, Jean Haar, by email at jean.haar@mnsu.edu or by phone at 507-389-5445.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: PHP Getting all unique board results for poker I am currently trying to make a poker algorithm that determines the chance of winning a hand. It needs to be extremely fast because it will have to loop through hundreds of thousands of different hands each time.
What I'm struggling to do is to be able to get all the unique hands that could possible come up in a board. A board contains 5 cards.
Each time a card comes up on the board, that card cannot come up again.
So what I've been doing to get all the possible board combinations is loop through all possible results using for loops.
For this example, I'm going to get only the first 3 cards of the board.
The code is something like this:
// $card_set_count is the amount of cards left in the deck after taking away the
// user's hand cards.
for($i=0;$i<$card_set_count;$i++) {
    // First known card
    $known_card1 = $card_set[$i];

    for($j=0;$j<$card_set_count;$j++) {
        // Second known card
        $known_card2 = $card_set[$j];
        // Skip the card if we already have it out
        if($known_card1 == $known_card2) continue;

        for($k=0;$k<$card_set_count;$k++) {
            // Third Known Card
            $known_card3 = $card_set[$k];
            // Skip card if the card is already out
            if($known_card3 == $known_card2 || $known_card1 == $known_card3) continue

            // Create board
            $board = array();
            $board[] = $known_card1;
            $board[] = $known_card2;
            $board[] = $known_card3;
        }
    }
}

This does get me all possible board combinations. The only problem is it gets me duplicate values too, for example the boards:
Ad 6d 4c
is the same as
4c Ad 6d
I could run array_unique() on my list of boards, but the problem comes here with my forloop having to loop through 91020 hands. This is super slow for my algorithm.
I was just wondering if someone had a better idea of looping through the possible boards.
Storing the board values in an array and then testing to see if the card value is in the list is still very slow. Is there a way of looping only through unique board combinations?

A: What you're doing is basically ok, but instead of iterating from 0 to $card_set_count each time, the second card should only be picked from the cards that come after the first card, and the third card should only be picked from the cards that come after the second card, like this:
for($i=0;$i<$card_set_count - 2;$i++) {
    for($j=$i + 1;$j<$card_set_count - 1;$j++) {
        for($k=$j + 1;$k<$card_set_count;$k++) {
            $board = array();
            $board[] = $card_set[$i];
            $board[] = $card_set[$j];
            $board[] = $card_set[$k];
            // evaluate hand ...
        }
    }
}

With 50 cards left in the pack, that gives 19600 combinations. You could prune these combinations further, because for some hands the suit isn't important, but this may get very complicated.

At first I misread your question, and gave the answer below, which doesn't fully address your specific problem. I haven't deleted it because it already had an upvote, so someone apparently found it useful.
Create an array with all the cards. Create a variable with the number of cards still left: cardsLeft = 52. Then, when you need to pick a card, choose at random from card 1 to 52, swap the chosen card with card 52, and set cardsLeft to 51. Next card, you choose from card 1 to 51, swap it with card 51, set cardsLeft to 50, and so on...
Whenever you need to start a new game with a new deck, just reset cardsLeft to 52. No need to re-initialize or shuffle the array.
I haven't used php in years, but here's an example in Javascript; it's quite self-explanatory. Run the code snippet to draw a poker hand for three players (see output in console).

function Deck() {
    this.cards = [];
    this.left = 52;
    for (var suit = 0; suit < 4; suit++) {
        for (var number = 0; number < 13; number++) {
            this.cards.push("23456789TJQKA".charAt(number) + "cdhs".charAt(suit));
        }
    }
}
Deck.prototype.draw = function() {
    if (this.left == 0) this.shuffle();
    var pick = Math.floor(Math.random() * this.left);
    var swap = this.cards[pick];
    this.cards[pick] = this.cards[--this.left];
    this.cards[this.left] = swap;
    return swap;
}
Deck.prototype.shuffle = function() {
    this.left = 52;
}

var d = new Deck();
document.write("player 1: " + d.draw() + "," + d.draw() + "
");
document.write("player 2: " + d.draw() + "," + d.draw() + "
");
document.write("player 3: " + d.draw() + "," + d.draw() + "
");
document.write("flop: " + d.draw() + "," + d.draw()+ "," + d.draw() + "
");
document.write("turn: " + d.draw() + "
");
document.write("river: " + d.draw());

A: create an array with all cards to pull cards from
create an empty array for cards already used
when getting a card from the array with all cards add it to the second array and remove it from the fist array (unset) so you can't pick it again...
$chosen_card = array_rand($card_set);      // just choosing a card randomly to simulate whatever way you currently pick one
$known_cards[] = $card_set[$chosen_card];  // copy the card to the know_cards array
unset($card_set[$chosen_card]);            // remove cards from unused cards

This way $chosen_card has only unused cards at any time and $known_cards has all alredy taken cards.

A: If you just want all unique combinations from a known set, you could implement the following algorithm:
$card_set = [1,2,3,4,5];
$k = 3;
$n = count($card_set);
$combs = [];
$stack = [[[],0,0]];

while (!empty($stack)){
  $params = array_pop($stack);

  $current_hand = $params[0];
  $i = $params[1];
  $len = $params[2];

  if ($len == $k){
    array_push($combs,$current_hand);
  } else {
    if ($i < $n - 1){
      array_push($stack,[$current_hand,$i + 1,$len]);
    }
    if ($i < $n){
      array_push($current_hand,$card_set[$i]);
      array_push($stack,[$current_hand,$i + 1,$len + 1]);
    }
  }
}

print_r($combs);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Please note: a good way to generate a secure but memorable passphrase is with a string of several random words. Also, never reuse the same passphrase in multiple places. We recommend using a generator and a master keyring.
For ensuring security in our system, we require your passphrase to have at least nine characters.


Eva Herzigova is quickly becoming one of the top Supermodels in the world these days, and is going to give Cindy Crawford and Linda Evangelista a run for their money. From Wonderbra to Guess Jeans, she's everywhere, and now we've got her 1994 Calendar from Max magazine, and boy is it smokin'! at 600x1000 pixels, these scans will give your modem a bit of a challenge, but if you're running the new Netscape browser, you shouldn't have a problem. So sit back, relax, and give these pics a chance to load, because they are totally worth it!


text:
This review is taken from PN Review 37, Volume 10 Number 5, March - April 1984.
THE GENERATION OF MEANING Andrew P. Debicki, Poetry of Discovery: The Spanish Generation of 1956-71 (University Press of Kentucky) $19.50.
Aimed at the enormous numbers of students and teachers of Spanish in the USA, this book makes no concessions to the `interested' British reader, whose knowledge of Spanish poetry generally begins and ends with Lorca. It fulfils its task with that mixture of professional analytic criticism of individual poems and potted summary we have come to expect from American university presses.
Its two main strategies are the acceptance and elaboration of the notion that there exists a 'generation' of Spanish poets who published their first books in the 1950s, and the use of reader-response criticism in dealing with them, the poets treated being Francisco Brines, Claudio Rodríguez, Angel Gonz´lez, Gloria Fuertes, José Angel Valente, Jaime Gil de Biedma, Carlos Sahagún, Claudio Cabañero, Angel Crespo and Manuel Mantero.
I have no objection to the classificatory urge; it is generally a form of historical criticism, and its denial leads to a questionable psychologism. Debicki's introduction, in which he explains his approach, is well-reasoned and convincing with a properly attenuated sense of the inability of a generational scheme to represent the whole of a period. Nevertheless, such schema have a tendency to carry their authentification to such a point that writers who do not fit are edged to the margins of their historical periods and treated as individual geniuses or as lacking in material background. 'Generations' abound in Spanish literary criticism, presenting the danger that neat groups of writers may take over a period in the professional imagination. ...


Whitney Houston's mother, Cissy Houston, and sister-in-law, Marion Houston, filed a request in court to change the terms of Whitney Houston's will. They want to delay when Bobbi Kristina receives her inheritance in order to protect her.
The will created a "testamentary trust" for Bobbi Kristina. What is a testamentary trust? It's when a will calls for money to be held in trust for one or more beneficiaries, usually so they can receive money spaced out over time instead of all at once. It's far from perfect, as we discuss in this article, because a testamentary trust does not avoid probate, which can be expensive, messy and very public.
But that is not the biggest drawback to Whitney Houston's will. Her biggest mistake was failing to update her will, even after her divorce from Bobby Brown, to better protect Bobbi Kristina. The will — signed on February 3, 1993 — provides that Bobbi Kristina will receive 10% of the estate when she turns age 21, another one-sixth at age 25, and the full balance at age 30. Bobbi Kristina is the only heir, so whatever royalties and other assets the estate now has or will earn in the future pass on to her.
Clearly, Cissy and Marion don't believe she can handle it. They recently filed a "Petition to Reform Testamentary Trust" claiming that the distributions to Bobbi Kristina "would likely directly conflict with and cause the opposite of [Whitney's] intent to provide long-term financial security and protection for her child". The Petition points out that the trust will have valuable assets — estimated by some to be worth at least $20 million. Of course, the actual worth will depend on future sales.
Cissy and Marion allege that Bobbi Kristina, who is now 19, is a "highly visible target for those who would exert undue influence over her inheritance and/or seek to benefit from [Bobbi Kristina's] resources and celebrity." They feel that Whitney couldn't have known this when she signed the will back in 1993, and her true intent would be to make sure that Bobbi Kristina's long-term maintenance and care were protected, as well as that of Bobbi Kristina's future children.
While these concerns surely have some degree of merit, given that the will only calls for relatively smaller pay-outs in the next several years (10% at age 21 and one-sixth at age 25), it appears that Cissy and Marion are worried that Bobbi Kristina won't be able to protect herself and this money even after she receives the bulk of it at age 30. All celebrities with wealth are potential targets for unsavory types. So, Whitney's family members clearly do not trust that Bobbi Kristina can protect herself when she begins receiving money.
It is not clear how much protection Cissy and Marion feel she needs, because their Petition does not ask for a specific change to the trust. Instead, they ask the court to change the distributions in a manner consistent with what Whitney would have wanted.
This is a great example of why everyone needs to update their wills and trust documents periodically. As the Petition points out, Whitney's financial and family circumstances in 1993 were far different from when she passed away earlier this year. Whitney should have updated her documents to address these changes in the 20-years since she signed her will.
In fact, Whitney did sign one "codicil" (which is an amendment) to the will in April, 2000, but it only changed who would act as trustees, not the distribution schedule. One has to wonder why she did not ever address when the money would be distributed, if her intent did change.
There is no guarantee that this Petition will work. Whitney had almost 20 years to change the will if her intent changed and she easily could have changed the distribution schedule when she signed the codicil in 2000. If her intent was to protect Bobbi Kristina beyond age 30, as Cissy and Marion believe, then Whitney should not have left it to chance.
That's why periodically reviewing your documents with an experienced estate planningattorney is so important. Don't leave the future of your loved ones up to chance.
10/29/12 update -- TMZ is reporting that the Trustees have withdrawn their Petition and backed off from their requests that the Trust pay-outs be delayed.


text:
package org.kie.workbench.common.widgets.client.datamodel;

import java.util.Set;
import javax.enterprise.inject.Instance;

import org.jboss.errai.common.client.api.Caller;
import org.jboss.errai.validation.client.dynamic.DynamicValidator;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.kie.soup.project.datamodel.commons.oracle.ModuleDataModelOracleImpl;
import org.kie.soup.project.datamodel.commons.util.RawMVELEvaluator;
import org.kie.soup.project.datamodel.oracle.Annotation;
import org.kie.soup.project.datamodel.oracle.PackageDataModelOracle;
import org.kie.soup.project.datamodel.oracle.TypeSource;
import org.kie.workbench.common.services.datamodel.backend.server.builder.packages.PackageDataModelOracleBuilder;
import org.kie.workbench.common.services.datamodel.backend.server.builder.projects.ClassFactBuilder;
import org.kie.workbench.common.services.datamodel.backend.server.builder.projects.ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder;
import org.kie.workbench.common.services.datamodel.model.PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload;
import org.kie.workbench.common.services.datamodel.service.IncrementalDataModelService;
import org.kie.workbench.common.widgets.client.datamodel.testclasses.Product;
import org.kie.workbench.common.widgets.client.datamodel.testclasses.annotations.RoleSmurf;
import org.kie.workbench.common.widgets.client.datamodel.testclasses.annotations.Smurf;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.uberfire.backend.vfs.Path;
import org.uberfire.client.callbacks.Callback;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;

/**
 * Tests for Fact's annotations
 */
public class PackageDataModelFactAnnotationsTest {

    @Mock
    private Instance<DynamicValidator> validatorInstance;

    @Test
    public void testCorrectPackageDMOZeroAnnotationAttributes() throws Exception {
        //Build ModuleDMO
        final ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder moduleBuilder = ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder.newModuleOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator());
        final ModuleDataModelOracleImpl moduleLoader = new ModuleDataModelOracleImpl();

        final ClassFactBuilder cb = new ClassFactBuilder(moduleBuilder,
                                                         Product.class,
                                                         false,
                                                         type -> TypeSource.JAVA_PROJECT);
        cb.build(moduleLoader);

        //Build PackageDMO
        final PackageDataModelOracleBuilder packageBuilder = PackageDataModelOracleBuilder.newPackageOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator(),
                                                                                "org.kie.workbench.common.widgets.client.datamodel.testclasses");
        packageBuilder.setModuleOracle(moduleLoader);
        final PackageDataModelOracle packageLoader = packageBuilder.build();

        //Emulate server-to-client conversions
        final Caller<IncrementalDataModelService> service = new MockIncrementalDataModelServiceCaller(packageLoader);
        final AsyncPackageDataModelOracle oracle = new AsyncPackageDataModelOracleImpl(service,
                                                                                validatorInstance);

        final PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload dataModel = new PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload();
        dataModel.setPackageName(packageLoader.getPackageName());
        dataModel.setModelFields(packageLoader.getModuleModelFields());
        dataModel.setTypeAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeAnnotations());
        dataModel.setTypeFieldsAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeFieldsAnnotations());
        PackageDataModelOracleTestUtils.populateDataModelOracle(mock(Path.class),
                                                                new MockHasImports(),
                                                                oracle,
                                                                dataModel);

        assertEquals(1,
                     oracle.getFactTypes().length);
        assertEquals("Product",
                     oracle.getFactTypes()[0]);

        oracle.getTypeAnnotations("Product",
                                  new Callback<Set<Annotation>>() {
                                      @Override
                                      public void callback(final Set<Annotation> annotations) {
                                          assertNotNull(annotations);
                                          assertEquals(0,
                                                       annotations.size());
                                      }
                                  });
    }

    @Test
    public void testCorrectPackageDMOAnnotationAttributes() throws Exception {
        //Build ModuleDMO
        final ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder moduleBuilder = ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder.newModuleOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator());
        final ModuleDataModelOracleImpl moduleLoader = new ModuleDataModelOracleImpl();

        final ClassFactBuilder cb = new ClassFactBuilder(moduleBuilder,
                                                         Smurf.class,
                                                         false,
                                                         type -> TypeSource.JAVA_PROJECT);
        cb.build(moduleLoader);

        //Build PackageDMO
        final PackageDataModelOracleBuilder packageBuilder = PackageDataModelOracleBuilder.newPackageOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator(),
                                                                                "org.kie.workbench.common.widgets.client.datamodel.testclasses.annotations");
        packageBuilder.setModuleOracle(moduleLoader);
        final PackageDataModelOracle packageLoader = packageBuilder.build();

        //Emulate server-to-client conversions
        final Caller<IncrementalDataModelService> service = new MockIncrementalDataModelServiceCaller(packageLoader);
        final AsyncPackageDataModelOracle oracle = new AsyncPackageDataModelOracleImpl(service,
                                                                                validatorInstance);

        final PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload dataModel = new PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload();
        dataModel.setPackageName(packageLoader.getPackageName());
        dataModel.setModelFields(packageLoader.getModuleModelFields());
        dataModel.setTypeAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeAnnotations());
        dataModel.setTypeFieldsAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeFieldsAnnotations());
        PackageDataModelOracleTestUtils.populateDataModelOracle(mock(Path.class),
                                                                new MockHasImports(),
                                                                oracle,
                                                                dataModel);

        assertEquals(1,
                     oracle.getFactTypes().length);
        assertEquals("Smurf",
                     oracle.getFactTypes()[0]);

        oracle.getTypeAnnotations("Smurf",
                                  new Callback<Set<Annotation>>() {
                                      @Override
                                      public void callback(final Set<Annotation> annotations) {
                                          assertNotNull(annotations);
                                          assertEquals(1,
                                                       annotations.size());

                                          final Annotation annotation = annotations.iterator().next();
                                          assertEquals("org.kie.workbench.common.widgets.client.datamodel.testclasses.annotations.SmurfDescriptor",
                                                       annotation.getQualifiedTypeName());
                                          assertEquals("blue",
                                                       annotation.getParameters().get("colour"));
                                          assertEquals("M",
                                                       annotation.getParameters().get("gender"));
                                          assertEquals("Brains",
                                                       annotation.getParameters().get("description"));
                                      }
                                  });
    }

    @Test
    public void testCorrectPackageDMOAnnotationAttributes2() throws Exception {
        //Build ModuleDMO
        final ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder moduleBuilder = ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder.newModuleOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator());
        final ModuleDataModelOracleImpl moduleLoader = new ModuleDataModelOracleImpl();

        final ClassFactBuilder cb = new ClassFactBuilder(moduleBuilder,
                                                         RoleSmurf.class,
                                                         false,
                                                         type -> TypeSource.JAVA_PROJECT);
        cb.build(moduleLoader);

        //Build PackageDMO
        final PackageDataModelOracleBuilder packageBuilder = PackageDataModelOracleBuilder.newPackageOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator(),
                                                                                "org.kie.workbench.common.widgets.client.datamodel.testclasses.annotations");
        packageBuilder.setModuleOracle(moduleLoader);
        final PackageDataModelOracle packageLoader = packageBuilder.build();

        //Emulate server-to-client conversions
        final Caller<IncrementalDataModelService> service = new MockIncrementalDataModelServiceCaller(packageLoader);
        final AsyncPackageDataModelOracle oracle = new AsyncPackageDataModelOracleImpl(service,
                                                                                validatorInstance);

        final PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload dataModel = new PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload();
        dataModel.setPackageName(packageLoader.getPackageName());
        dataModel.setModelFields(packageLoader.getModuleModelFields());
        dataModel.setTypeAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeAnnotations());
        dataModel.setTypeFieldsAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeFieldsAnnotations());
        PackageDataModelOracleTestUtils.populateDataModelOracle(mock(Path.class),
                                                                new MockHasImports(),
                                                                oracle,
                                                                dataModel);

        assertEquals(1,
                     oracle.getFactTypes().length);
        assertEquals("RoleSmurf",
                     oracle.getFactTypes()[0]);

        oracle.getTypeAnnotations("RoleSmurf",
                                  new Callback<Set<Annotation>>() {
                                      @Override
                                      public void callback(final Set<Annotation> annotations) {
                                          assertNotNull(annotations);
                                          assertEquals(1,
                                                       annotations.size());

                                          final Annotation annotation = annotations.iterator().next();
                                          assertEquals("org.kie.api.definition.type.Role",
                                                       annotation.getQualifiedTypeName());
                                          assertEquals("EVENT",
                                                       annotation.getParameters().get("value"));
                                      }
                                  });
    }

    @Test
    public void testIncorrectPackageDMOZeroAnnotationAttributes() throws Exception {
        //Build ModuleDMO
        final ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder moduleBuilder = ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder.newModuleOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator());
        final ModuleDataModelOracleImpl moduleLoader = new ModuleDataModelOracleImpl();

        final ClassFactBuilder cb = new ClassFactBuilder(moduleBuilder,
                                                         Product.class,
                                                         false,
                                                         type -> TypeSource.JAVA_PROJECT);
        cb.build(moduleLoader);

        //Build PackageDMO. Defaults to defaultpkg
        final PackageDataModelOracleBuilder packageBuilder = PackageDataModelOracleBuilder.newPackageOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator());
        packageBuilder.setModuleOracle(moduleLoader);
        final PackageDataModelOracle packageLoader = packageBuilder.build();

        //Emulate server-to-client conversions
        final Caller<IncrementalDataModelService> service = new MockIncrementalDataModelServiceCaller(packageLoader);
        final AsyncPackageDataModelOracle oracle = new AsyncPackageDataModelOracleImpl(service,
                                                                                validatorInstance);

        final PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload dataModel = new PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload();
        dataModel.setPackageName(packageLoader.getPackageName());
        dataModel.setModelFields(packageLoader.getModuleModelFields());
        dataModel.setTypeAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeAnnotations());
        dataModel.setTypeFieldsAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeFieldsAnnotations());
        PackageDataModelOracleTestUtils.populateDataModelOracle(mock(Path.class),
                                                                new MockHasImports(),
                                                                oracle,
                                                                dataModel);

        assertEquals(0,
                     oracle.getFactTypes().length);

        oracle.getTypeAnnotations("Product",
                                  new Callback<Set<Annotation>>() {
                                      @Override
                                      public void callback(final Set<Annotation> annotations) {
                                          assertNotNull(annotations);
                                          assertEquals(0,
                                                       annotations.size());
                                      }
                                  });
    }

    @Test
    public void testIncorrectPackageDMOAnnotationAttributes() throws Exception {
        //Build ModuleDMO
        final ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder moduleBuilder = ModuleDataModelOracleBuilder.newModuleOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator());
        final ModuleDataModelOracleImpl moduleLoader = new ModuleDataModelOracleImpl();

        final ClassFactBuilder cb = new ClassFactBuilder(moduleBuilder,
                                                         Smurf.class,
                                                         false,
                                                         type -> TypeSource.JAVA_PROJECT);
        cb.build(moduleLoader);

        //Build PackageDMO. Defaults to defaultpkg
        final PackageDataModelOracleBuilder packageBuilder = PackageDataModelOracleBuilder.newPackageOracleBuilder(new RawMVELEvaluator());
        packageBuilder.setModuleOracle(moduleLoader);
        final PackageDataModelOracle packageLoader = packageBuilder.build();

        //Emulate server-to-client conversions
        final Caller<IncrementalDataModelService> service = new MockIncrementalDataModelServiceCaller(packageLoader);
        final AsyncPackageDataModelOracle oracle = new AsyncPackageDataModelOracleImpl(service,
                                                                                validatorInstance);

        final PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload dataModel = new PackageDataModelOracleBaselinePayload();
        dataModel.setPackageName(packageLoader.getPackageName());
        dataModel.setModelFields(packageLoader.getModuleModelFields());
        dataModel.setTypeAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeAnnotations());
        dataModel.setTypeFieldsAnnotations(packageLoader.getModuleTypeFieldsAnnotations());
        PackageDataModelOracleTestUtils.populateDataModelOracle(mock(Path.class),
                                                                new MockHasImports(),
                                                                oracle,
                                                                dataModel);
        assertEquals(0,
                     oracle.getFactTypes().length);

        oracle.getTypeAnnotations("Smurf",
                                  new Callback<Set<Annotation>>() {
                                      @Override
                                      public void callback(final Set<Annotation> annotations) {
                                          assertNotNull(annotations);
                                          assertEquals(0,
                                                       annotations.size());
                                      }
                                  });
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


When is it Time to Get Your Paso Robles Restaurant Remodel Done?
Time and style wait for no one, and as your business has flexed with time you've probably taken this lesson to heart by now. Changing the art on the wall can only take you so far, and you've surely asked yourself by now: is it time to go for a full blown Paso Robles restaurant remodel?
Be sure of your finances and be realistic with your budget. Don't put too much of a strain on yourself, or on your business's finances. With any renovation, restaurant, commercial space or home there are going to be unforeseen issues that come up, and horrible problems that are lurking beneath the surface. Your projected budget and how much you actually spend aren't going to match up 100%. And unfortunately, more often than not you're going to be going over budget.
So when you're thinking it's time to dig in to your Paso Robles restaurant remodel and give your restaurant an overhaul in the design and function just make sure that you've got the kind of budget that can handle it—and a little wiggle room to spare.
Go into your remodel prepared with a clear plan for what you want to accomplish, and how you want it to turn out. If you go into the remodel with no vision established you run the risk of the design getting muddled. Your whole restaurant's identity could get confused and end up driving away your customers.
Flying by the seat of your pants isn't a good method for making good design decisions. If you've got the budget lined up, and a clear vision of what you want moving forward then your then it's time to consider a remodel.
Ask yourself how much work you're willing to do, are you willing to get in there and face the remodel yourself?
Ask your staff how taking the time off working regular hours will affect them and their lives, and is there a way to ensure that when you open back up again…you haven't lost your staff.
Are you ready and committed to this new phase of your restaurant and business?
Who can help with the remodel?
Central Pacific Construction has been providing excellent home remodeling and commercial building for the San Luis Obispo County since 1997. We've provided the highest level of service for those 20 years, earning us an A+ rating from the Better Business Bureau. We take on any project of any size, and love a challenge. Give us a call at (805) 471-4749 to get the job done right!
Next PostTimeless Inspirations For Your Paso Robles Home Remodeling Project!


text:
BBV may refer to:

Science
 Black beetle virus
 Blood-borne virus

Organisations
 Banco Bilbao Vizcaya, which merged into BBVA
 BBV Hagen, German basketball club
 Bill & Ben Video, production company
 Bolivian Stock Exchange (BBV)

Other
 Karnai language, by ISO 639 code
 Nero-Mer Airport, by IATA code


text:
Soldier's Tales
Presenting Arms
Thread starter NH Civil War Gal
"The regulations directed that "sentinels will present arms to general and field officers, to the officer of the day and to the commanding officer of the post. To all other officers they will carry arms." To the recruits it was a difficult task to distinguish a field officer for a line officer. But we soon discovered that it was safer to give the junior second lieutenant of a regiment a general's salute than it was to carry arms to a major who was entitled to a present. Human nature would crop out in the army the same as elsewhere.
One of our boys was posted on No. 2 the first time he went on guard. He got all mixed up over his instructions, and was taken to task by several officers for not giving them the proper salute. But his intentions were all right. He wanted to show his loyalty. After making many dismal failures in determining the rank of officers who crossed his beat, he gave it up in despair. So he simply stood with his carbine in his hand, and as an officer approached, the sentinel, with a significant nod of the head toward his carbine, would sing out: "Say, Mister, which'll you have, field or line salute? I'll give you whichever you say, but I'm a new hand, and I don't want to make a mistake."
Most of the officers appreciated the "new hand's" desire to do them justice, and the sentinel was not punished.
Down in Dixie, Life in a Cavalry Regiment
Likes: SWMODave, Ole Miss, captaindrew and 2 others
Presenting the colors. Period Photos & Examinations 5 Sep 15, 2018
1st MS cavalry representing yesterday Nathan B. Forrest 12 Jul 11, 2016
B Katina Van Cronkhite will be presenting a program on the Battle of Atlanta Researching Your Civil War Ancestry 1 Jun 27, 2014
A new Don Troiani print Presenting the Colors. General History Discussion 40 Nov 8, 2013
D Presenting at the Northern Great Plains History Conference General History Discussion 2 Oct 5, 2007
Presenting the colors.
1st MS cavalry representing yesterday
Katina Van Cronkhite will be presenting a program on the Battle of Atlanta
A new Don Troiani print Presenting the Colors.
Presenting at the Northern Great Plains History Conference


text:
async function* asyncGenerator() {};
let gen = asyncGenerator();
gen.return({ get then() { delete this.then; gen.next(); } });