text:
from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import division

import numpy as np
import sys
import argparse
import time
import re
import gzip
import os
import logging
import math
from collections import defaultdict

from operator import itemgetter

__version__ = "1.0"

def main():

    parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description='vcf2fasta (diploid)',formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter)

    parser.add_argument('-r', '--ref', dest='ref_fasta', type=str, required=True, help='input reference file (fasta)')
    parser.add_argument('-v', '--vcf', dest='vcf_file', type=str, required=True, help='input vcf file (vcf)')
    parser.add_argument('-n', '--name', dest='name', type=str, required=True, help='sample name (column header)')
    parser.add_argument('-rl', '--readlength', dest='read_length', type=int, default=50, help='length of reads, tiles all through SNP')
    parser.add_argument('--verbose', dest='verbose',  action='count', help='Increase verbosity (specify multiple times for more)')
    parser.add_argument('--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s '+__version__)

    args=parser.parse_args()

    ref_fasta=args.ref_fasta
    vcf_file=args.vcf_file
    name=args.name
    read_length=args.read_length
    verbose=args.verbose

    log_level = logging.WARNING
    if verbose == 1:
        log_level = logging.INFO
    elif verbose >= 2:
        log_level = logging.DEBUG
    logging.basicConfig(level=log_level)

    verboseprint = print if verbose else lambda *a, **k: None

    # process VCF file

    verboseprint("")

    verboseprint("processing VCF file")

    snps=defaultdict(list)
    snp_count=0
    last_chrom=None
    chrs=dict()

    # open vcf file
    if vcf_file.endswith('.gz'):
        vcf_fh=gzip.open(vcf_file,'r')
    else:
        vcf_fh=open(vcf_file,'r')

    # iterate over vcf file
    for linenum,line in enumerate(vcf_fh):
        if line.startswith("##"): # skip headers
            continue

        line=line.rstrip("\n")

        # get header line
        if line.startswith("#"):
            header=line.lstrip("#").split("\t");
            header2index=dict([(h,i) for i,h in enumerate(header)])

            # ensure FORMAT column is included
            if "FORMAT" not in header2index:
                print("FORMAT field not specified in VCF file!")
                print(header2index)
                sys.exit('error')

            # ensure user-specified sample name column is included
            if name not in header2index:
                print(name,"field not specified in VCF file!")
                print(header2index)
                sys.exit('error')

            continue

        tmp=line.split("\t")
        genotype=tmp[header2index[name]]

        format=tmp[header2index["FORMAT"]].split(":")
        index2field=dict([(f,i) for i,f in enumerate(format)])
        # ensure GT field id included in FORMAT column
        if "GT" not in index2field:
            print("GT field not specified in FORMAT!")
            print(index2field)
            sys.exit('error')

        genotype_list=genotype.split(":")
        gt=genotype_list[index2field["GT"]]

        pattern = re.compile('[\|\/]')
        (a,b) = pattern.split(gt)

        if(a != b):
            sys.exit('error: non-homo SNP found @ line# '+linenum+'\n')

        c=a=b
        c=int(c)

        chrom=tmp[header2index["CHROM"]]
        pos=int(tmp[header2index["POS"]])
        ref=tmp[header2index["REF"]]
        alt=tmp[header2index["ALT"]].split(",")

        if(c == 0):
            snps["chr"+chrom].append((pos,ref))
            snp_count+=1
        elif(c >= 1):
            snps["chr"+chrom].append((pos,alt[c-1]))
            snp_count+=1

        if(chrom != last_chrom):
            if(chrom not in chrs):
                verboseprint("\tchr",chrom)
                chrs[chrom]=1

        last_chrom=chrom

    vcf_fh.close()

    verboseprint("")

    verboseprint("found",snp_count,"snps")

    # process VCF file

    verboseprint("")

    # ensure all snps are sorted by position (sorted seperatley for each chromosome)
    verboseprint("sorting by position")
    for chr in snps: # ensure sorted by pos
        snp_positions=snps[chr]
        verboseprint("\t",chr," ... ",len(snp_positions)," snps",sep="")
        sorted_snp_positions=sorted(snp_positions, key=itemgetter(0))
        snps[chr]=sorted_snp_positions
    verboseprint("")

    # process REFERENCE file

    verboseprint("processing REF file")

    # get output name
    ref_fasta_name=os.path.basename(ref_fasta)
    ref_fasta_name=re.sub(".gz", "", ref_fasta_name)
    ref_fasta_name=re.sub(".fasta", "", ref_fasta_name)
    ref_fasta_name=re.sub(".fa", "", ref_fasta_name)
    out_fastq=output_wrapper(ref_fasta_name+'__'+name+'.fastq.gz')

    start=1
    end=0
    n_processed_snps=0
    pc_resolution=10000

    last_chrom=None

    buf=[]
    line_width=50
    offset=0
    max_buf=math.ceil(((read_length*2)+1)/line_width)

    # open reference fasta file
    if ref_fasta.endswith('.gz'):
        ref_fh=gzip.open(ref_fasta,'r')
    else:
        ref_fh=open(ref_fasta,'r')

    # iterate over fasta file
    for linenum,line in enumerate(ref_fh):
        line=line.rstrip("\n")

        # search for > (contig name)
        regexp = re.compile('>')
        if regexp.search(line):
            if line.startswith(">"):
                chrom=line.lstrip(">")
                pos=1
                offset=0
                continue
            else: # random > found in line - issue with cat ?
                sys.exit('error with fasta file'+'\n'+str(line))

        if(chrom != last_chrom):

            if(last_chrom != None):
                verboseprint(last_chrom,n_processed_snps)
                verboseprint("")

            tmp_snps=[]
            tmp_snps=[(None,None)]

            n_possible_snps=0
            if(chrom in snps):
                tmp_snps=snps[chrom]
                n_possible_snps=len(tmp_snps)
                pc_resolution=int(math.ceil(n_possible_snps/1000))
                verboseprint("\t",chrom,sep="")

        line=line.upper()
        line_start=end+1
        line_end=end+len(line)

        # change ref, embed SNPs
        while offset < len(tmp_snps) and tmp_snps[offset][0] != None and ( ( int(tmp_snps[offset][0] >= line_start) and int(tmp_snps[offset][0] <= line_end) ) or int(tmp_snps[offset][0] < line_start) ):
            snp_offset=int(tmp_snps[offset][0])-line_start

            if snp_offset < 0:
                offset += 1
                continue

            line = line[:snp_offset] + tmp_snps[offset][1].upper() + line[snp_offset+1:]
            offset += 1

        # build buffer to tile arounds SNPs
        if len(buf) < max_buf:

            buf.append(line)

        else:

            # find all SNP positions

            while( len(tmp_snps) != 0 and int(tmp_snps[0][0] >= start+read_length) and int(tmp_snps[0][0] <= end-read_length) ):
                if n_processed_snps % pc_resolution == 0:
                    pc=(n_processed_snps/(n_possible_snps))*100
                    verboseprint("\r",""*50,"\r\t\tprocessing "+str(n_processed_snps)+" / "+str(n_possible_snps)+" ["+str("{0:.2f}".format(pc))+"%] complete ... ",end="\r")
                    if verbose: sys.stdout.flush()

                snp_offset=int(tmp_snps[0][0])-start
                seq=''.join(buf)

                # ensure SNP is inserted!
                if seq[snp_offset] != tmp_snps[0][1].upper():
                    sys.exit('\n\nerror with SNP pos('+str(tmp_snps[0][0])+') snp['+str(tmp_snps[0][1])+'] vs ref['+seq[snp_offset]+'] in file'+'\n'+str(line))

                snp_offset_start=snp_offset-read_length+1
                snp_offset_end=snp_offset+1
                for i in xrange(snp_offset_start,snp_offset_end):

                    fastq_seq=seq[i:i+read_length]
                    seq_start=i+start
                    seq_end=seq_start+len(fastq_seq)-1
                    tmp_snp_offset=snp_offset-i

                    fastq_header="@tileSNP:"+str(n_processed_snps)+":"+name+":"+str(tmp_snps[0][0])+":"+str(tmp_snps[0][1])+":"+str(tmp_snp_offset)+":"+last_chrom+":"+str(seq_start)+":"+str(seq_end)
                    fastq_qual='J'*len(fastq_seq)

                    print(fastq_header,"\n",fastq_seq,"\n","+","\n",fastq_qual,sep="",file=out_fastq)

                n_processed_snps += 1
                tmp_snps.pop(0)
                offset=0

            tmp_buf=buf[1:]
            tmp_buf.append(line)
            buf=tmp_buf
            start += len(line)

        end += len(line)
        last_chrom=chrom

    verboseprint(last_chrom,n_processed_snps)

    ref_fh.close()

def input_wrapper(infile):
    if infile.endswith('.gz'):
        fh=gzip.open(infile,'r')
    else:
        fh=open(infile,'r')

    return fh

def output_wrapper(outfile,append=False,suppress_comments=False):

    if outfile.endswith('.gz'):
        if append:
            fh=gzip.open(outfile,'a')
        else:
            fh=gzip.open(outfile,'w')
    else:
        if append:
            fh=open(outfile,'a')
        else:
            fh=open(outfile,'w')

    # disable comment(s)if (UCSC format file)
    if outfile.endswith('.bed'):
        suppress_comments = True
    if outfile.endswith('.bed.gz'):
        suppress_comments = True
    if outfile.endswith('.bedGraph'):
        suppress_comments = True
    if outfile.endswith('.bedGraph.gz'):
        suppress_comments = True
    if outfile.endswith('.wig'):
        suppress_comments = True
    if outfile.endswith('.wig.gz'):
        suppress_comments = True
    if outfile.endswith('.sam'):
        suppress_comments = True
    if outfile.endswith('.sam.gz'):
        suppress_comments = True
    if outfile.endswith('.bam'):
        suppress_comments = True
    if outfile.endswith('.fastq.gz'):
        suppress_comments = True

    if not suppress_comments:
        print("## ",os.path.basename(__file__),sep="",file=fh)
        print("## ",sep="",file=fh)
        print("## Dekker Lab",sep="",file=fh)
        print("## Contact: Bryan R. Lajoie",sep="",file=fh)
        print("## https://github.com/blajoie",sep="",file=fh)
        print("## ",sep="",file=fh)
        print("## Version:\t",__version__,sep="",file=fh)
        print("## Date:\t",get_date(),sep="",file=fh)
        print("## Host:\t",get_compute_resource(),sep="",file=fh)

    return(fh)

def get_date():
    time=datetime.now()
    date=time.strftime('%I:%M:%S %p, %m/%d/%Y')

    return date

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()


text:
Southport is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Fairfield, Connecticut. It is located along Long Island Sound between Mill River and Sasco Brook, where it borders Westport. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 1,710. Settled in 1639, Southport center has been designated a local historic district since 1967. In 1971, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Southport Historic District.

History

The indigenous village of Sasqua, inhabited by Quiripi language speakers, was located in the area. Members of that community later formed the Golden Hill Paugussett Indian Nation.

The earliest recorded event in Southport's history was "The Great Swamp Fight" or "Fairfield Swamp Fight" of July 1637 (not to be confused with the later Great Swamp Fight of King Philip's War), an episode of the Pequot War in which English colonial forces led by John Mason and Roger Ludlow vanquished a band of 80 to 100 Pequot Indians who had earlier fled from their home territory in the Mystic area and taken refuge with approximately 200 Sasqua Indians who inhabited the area that is now Fairfield. The exact location of the battle is unclear, but it is known to have been in the vicinity of Southport. In 1639, Ludlow established the town of Fairfield on the Pequot land known as Unquowa. Colonial deeds of land were signed with the Sasqua in the 1670s.

In the eighteenth century, Mill River village, a part of Fairfield, was a small hamlet of a few houses and a wharf at the mouth of Fairfield's Mill River. Farm products from the surrounding area were shipped from Mill River's small harbor to ports in New York and beyond.

By 1831 the village had changed its name to Southport and was a bustling commercial area with warehouses, churches, schools, stores and elegant houses. Before 1853, Southport had its own local government as a borough within the town of Fairfield.

Economic history
Southport became a leading coastal port on Long Island Sound, its ships carrying produce and goods back and forth to New York City. A measure of Southport's success is the fact that throughout the 1800s it possessed the only two banks in town. However, competition from steamboats and the railroad took its toll on prosperity. Resourceful shippers teamed with local farmers and businessmen to keep the port going.

The Southport Onion, a high quality onion, was developed and grown on Westport's and Fairfield's hills and shipped in Southport market boats. These boats were mostly sloops that carried 50 tons and more in some cases of cargo  keeping the harbor profitable until the end of the century. The federal government supported repairs to the harbor in the 1840s. During the 1840s the greatest agricultural innovation in Fairfield became the cultivation of onions. From 1840 to 1890, 200,000 tons yearly were shipped out of Southport. Designed to be easily stored, during The Civil War sales spiked, its high vitamin C content prized by the U.S. Navy to prevent scurvy. The U.S. Army prized it to treat gunshot wounds, at one point to the extent that General Ulysses S. Grant refused to move his troops if they were not supplied with onions.

In the 1890s, 100,000 barrels of locally grown onions, carrots, potatoes, and other goods were shipped annually from Southport harbor.

The shipping industry was the economic foundation of the village of Mill River. The village, as it became a large port, eventually changed its name to South Port, later Southport. Local farmers transported their Southport Globe onions and other crops via the growing shipping fleet housed in the harbor and, by 1836, it became larger than the New York City and Boston ports. The ships sailed to destinations as far as the West Indies, but often went to New York City, where larger vessels in a deeper port headed to more distant foreign destinations. During the 150 years between 1750 and 1900, the shipping industry grew dramatically, but died out as the railroad industry and steamship industries took over. The increased use of large shipping containers also decreased transport costs and eventually drove the need to use ports deeper than Southport Harbor. The local produce was transported to New York and Boston via train, to deeper water ports where larger vessels were docked.

Local Sea Captains

During the peak of the shipping era, Southport had four shipyards in old Mill River, and many of Southport's first families built their wealth in the lucrative shipping trade that grew in response to local farmers wanting a more convenient port than Bridgeport and Norwalk Harbors. Numerous area parks and streets are named after prominent sea captains, including Bulkley Avenue, Sherwood Island State Park, and Sturges Highway. Capt. Zalman Wakeman owned Wakeman Farms, which is still operating today.

Preservation

Today, much of the old village area is part of a town historic district, first established in 1967, where buildings from three centuries are protected for future generations. The boundaries of the town historic district are the railroad on the north; the Mill River and Southport Harbor on the south; Church Street; and Old South Road and Rose Hill Road on the west and east, respectively, including all properties on both sides of the roads. Strict historic zoning regulations apply in the district and have been upheld by the Connecticut Supreme Court. The Southport Historic District is also listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, Southport has a total area of , of which  is land and , or 10.99%, is water.

Demographics

The village of Southport corresponds to census tract 606. As of the census of 2020, there were 1,710 people in the village, organized into 798 households. The racial makeup of the town was 87% White, 5% Hispanic or Latino of any race, 4%  African American, 2% Asian, 0% Native American, and 2% identifying as two or more races. .

Households averaged 2.1 persons, with 66% consisting of married couples, 7.3% of female householders with no husband present, 2.5% of male householders, and 24.4% of people who were not family members. 16% of residents were under the age of 18, 60.1% were between the ages of 18 and 64, and 23.9% were over the age of 65.

The median household income was $180,057, with 9% of households below the poverty line. The median value of homes in the village was $766,900

Public services

Southport has had its own firefighting service since 1895. The Southport Fire Department was organized that year as a volunteer fire department after a large arson fire in the village. However, it is also protected by Fairfield Fire Department's Engine 4, out of the Southport Firehouse.

The neighborhood's ZIP Code is 06890, whose scope extends further north from the historic village area to include the Mill Hill area.

Library

The community's public library is the Pequot Library, founded Virginia Marquand Monroe and Elbert Monroe in 1887.  A Richardsonian Romanesque building, it was designed by the architect Robert Henderson Robertson and is a contributing property to the National Register Southport Historic District.

The library has a large collection of manuscripts, rare books, and archives. Of the approximate 30,000 items in the Special Collections,1800 items are held on long-term loan at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University. The collection includes the first printed cookbook, De Honesta Voluptate et Valetudine,by Bartholomaeus Platina (1475); autographs of all American Presidents and the cosigners of th Declaration of Independence, including the rare Button Gwinnett autograph. Among the titles in the Special Collections are Epistola de insulis nuper inventis by Christopher Columbus, translated into Latin by Leandro di Cosco and printed in 1493; two of the three contemporaneous histories of the Pequot War in New England; the Saybrook Platform which was the first book published in Connecticut in 1710. Also included in the collection is Phillis Wheatley's Poems on various subjects, religious and moral from 1786 as well as the typescript of the last four chapters of Margaret Mitchell's Gone With the Wind.

The library's annual summer book sale featured more than 140,000 volumes on sale in 2007. In 2006, the Pequot Library invested in a restoration project to address the condition of the elaborate metalwork set throughout their stacks. Robert Robertson designed each shelf in the library to be supported by cast iron structures. Each row of shelving is framed by columns and the stairways linking the two storeys are made with balusters of garlands and vines in copper plated cast iron. During the course of restoration, over 6,000 metal pieces were individually treated. The project was carried out by Newmans' Ltd.

Education

Eagle Hill School-Southport, a private day school for children with learning disabilities, has been located since 1985 in the former Pequot School in Southport. The historic school building was earlier acquired by the Southport Conservancy to save it from demolition.

Southport is served by the Fairfield Public Schools. Southport is home to Mill Hill Elementary School, although children in some areas considered part of the Southport neighborhood but outside the census tract attend Timothy Dwight Elementary School. Both Mill Hill and Dwight Schools feed into Roger Ludlowe Middle School, Tomlinson Middle School and Fairfield Ludlowe High School.

Transportation
The main arterial road in the area, the Post Road (US Route 1), runs through Southport, connecting it to other towns along the Connecticut coast. Interstate 95 also passes through Southport, with two exits located in the neighborhood. Southport is also served by the New Haven Line of the Metro-North Commuter Railroad at Southport Railroad Station, with frequent trains to New Haven and New York City. Limited bus service is provided by the Greater Bridgeport Transit Authority.

Notable people

The following are among the notable people who have lived in Southport:
 James Truslow Adams, historian and writer
 John Akers, former chief executive officer of IBM
 Anatole Broyard, author
 Ina Garten, celebrity cook and author
 Jeffrey Garten, economic adviser and author
 Don Imus, radio personality
 Richard Clarida, Vice Chairman of the Federal Reserve, Economist
 Kenton Clarke, CEO, Computer Consulting Associates International Inc.
 Ruth Madoff, widow of Bernie Madoff
 Samuel J. Palmisano, former chief executive officer of IBM
 Jason Robards, actor, producer and director
 Thomas Lambard Robinson, newspaper publisher
 Ira Dever Warner, inventor, founder of Warner Corset Company
 Jack Welch, former CEO General Electric

Movies filmed in Southport
 Revolutionary Road (2007)
 And So It Goes (2014)

References

External links

 The Southport Conservancy (organization for preservation and restoration of historic properties in Southport)
 The Southport Globe (a website focused on the community)
 The Southport Picture File  (a collection of 800 historical photos compiled by historian V. Louise Higgins.  Housed at Pequot Library and accessible online.)
 Living in Southport, Conn. (New York Times photo collection)
 Brilvitch, Charles. 1977. Walking Through History. The Seaports of Black Rock and Southport. Fairfield Historical Society.

Fairfield, Connecticut
Neighborhoods in Connecticut
Populated coastal places in Connecticut
Census-designated places in Fairfield County, Connecticut
Census-designated places in Connecticut

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: How to get 'translate' text value from an Angular tag using selenium Java How to get translate text value from an Angular tag using selenium Java. Specifically saying, I want the value coming in translate tag

Please enter your email address.

The translate tag is returning value "An email with instructions to reset your password will be sent to test.test@test.com . Please check your email shortly."

A: translate is an attribute, not a tag. Use getAttribute() method to get the value
String value = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#myModalLabel > span")).getAttribute("translate");

A: Not sure what are you asking here by getting translate text value. Did you try simply using getText()?
This should simply return you the text you need.
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='myModalLabel']/span")).getText();

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Syrian negotiators reached a deal to evacuate thousands of people from the two Shiite villages in return for the release of hundreds of detainees in state prisons, Syrian state TV said on Tuesday.
Foua and Kefraya in the northwestern province of Idlib are encircled by Takfiri terrorists. The militant-held towns of Zabadani and Madaya near the Lebanese border are under siege by Syrian government forces.
Foua and Kefraya are the only government-held enclave in Idlib's militant-held area.
The towns of some 20,000 people have been under siege since 2013. The humanitarian situation remains dire, with a lack of food and basic necessities.
A Syrian bus convoy transporting the residents of two villages being evacuated in a deal between warring parties has been hit by a blast on the outskirts of Aleppo, according to SANA news agency. Thirty nine people have been reportedly killed.


text:
The Paradox of Disbelief: Belief without disbelief is mindless superstition.
Not all science fiction is so easy to spot…
Once again, when seeking to understand the "Truth" and the world around us, we are faced with a seeming paradox, namely that "Belief without disbelief is merely uninformed superstition".
At first glance, such a statement appears to be little more than meaningless play on words. Surely belief is a binary concept. One
either has it, or one does not. If a person believes, it follows that they can't disbelieve, and similarly if a person disbelieves it is difficult to see how they can also believe.
Thankfully, the wording of the paradox is perhaps indicative of its real meaning and import. In saying, "belief without disbelief", we are effectively saying that in order to fully and correctly hold a particular belief, we need to be in possession of all of the relevant information related to that belief. A significant amount of that information will relate directly to the reasons why other people do not hold a particular belief, so in order to truly claim a particular belief, we need to educate ourselves about the reasons why we should not hold that particular belief.
If we don't understand the reasons why we shouldn't hold onto a particular belief, how can we know that there isn't some information out there that might change our position regarding such a belief? If we don't challenge our beliefs by finding reasons to disbelieve, how is our belief any different from the most primitive, ill informed and irrational superstition?
The answer is, of course that it is not: Willful ignorance is no way to ascertain truth.
This philosophy is one that has been categorically rejected by nearly all faiths throughout history. Religion has most often been a tool of social and cultural control, with dissenting positions forcefully repudiated and punished, often in the most barbaric way. With few exceptions, all traditions, be they ancient, or modern have condemned the very questioning of the basis of belief in their dogmas. The Roman Catholic church is particularly famous for having its Inquisition and list of proscribed books. Islam has, since early in its history, imposed the death penalty on those who would renounce its "wisdom".
Even in modern times, hostility to the very idea of questioning one's beliefs is at the core of many religious movements and is arguably one of the primary indicators that a particular religion is a "cult" (in the modern pejorative, rather than ancient historical meaning of the word). Jehovah's Witnesses full of their own Righteousness will cut all ties with anyone who they regard as an "Appostate". Many modern American's wouldn't dream of voting for an atheist as President and many have enormous difficulties in voting for a person who isn't fully "Christian" in their eyes.
In early 2012, a "Reverend" Dennis Terry summed up much of the problem, when he made the following declaration from his pulpit:
"America "was founded as a Christian nation" and remains a country where "there is only one God and his name is Jesus…If you don't love America you don't like the way we do things, I've got one thing to say, GET OUT! We don't worship Buddha. We don't worship Mohammed. We don't worship Allah. We worship God. We worship God's son Jesus Christ."
Nobody should be surprised that this sort of bigotry and hate should exist in a country of more than 300 million people, but what was surprising was that the service in question was attended by none other than Rick Santorum, who at that time happened to be one of the two main contenders to be the Republican nominee for President of the most powerful country in the world.
This worthy certainly didn't contradict the good "Reverend's" stance, which is perhaps unsurprising, given his own explicit attacks on regarding university education on the basis that:
"The indoctrination that is going on at the university level is a harm to our country…62 percent of kids who go into college with a faith commitment leave without it".
Of course, this "indoctrination" that he fumes at is nothing more than the simple process of encouraging people to question their beliefs and assumptions and the result of first time exposure to ideas that contradict those with which they were raised. It is ironic that so many advocates of the rugged independence and individuality of the American spirit will reject that very same individuality as "indoctrination", or alien when it produces results that don't mirror their own views.
In reality, many of these children don't "leave without faith". Rather they become exposed to questions for which there are no real answers and many will return to the faith of their parents in the years to come.
But it isn't simply the theists who are at fault in this. Similarly opposed to the questioning of basic beliefs are those who would best be described as "fundamental atheists", who's crusade is often described as nothing short of the elimination of religious belief in all its forms. Their certitude regarding something that they can never know for certain (ie the non-existence of god") is just as misguided and incoherent as that of those they would seek to oppose.
Like many before them, they seek to impose their views on others and insist that those who disagree are "deluded", or fools, or
otherwise incapable of rational thought. (From my perspective, this is ironic indeed, given that the Principles are the result of a strictly rationalist approach to understanding the universe and any Divine that may, or may not exist).
In a world in which they lack coercive power, the writings of fundamentalist atheists, such as Hitchins and Dawkins are an interesting and necessary challenge to the prevailing worldview. But if a mindset, such as that of Dawkins were to prevail, whereby it is held that raising a child as a Roman Catholic is worse than subjecting that child to sexual abuse, the wrongdoing, should they ever achieve absolute power, would be just as horrific as any evils perpetrated in the name of God.
(Disclaimer: I was raised as a Roman Catholic and don't for a second think that I would have preferred to be sexually abused as a child).
Part of this hostility to questioning one's own beliefs is because for many people religion (or its absence) is not so much about what they believe in relation to the nature of God, but what they believe in relation to their culture, soclialisation and way of life. In a world in which they feel threatened, they bunker down and seek out those with similar ideals and see religious similarity as being the best way of identifying those who are on their "team".
Sadly, there are significant sections of the modern American community who regard those who are not Christian as being not genuine Americans. Ironically, as I write this a similar thing is happening in much of the Muslim world, where adherence to Islam is seen as a badge proclaiming loyalty to the state.
Similarly, as I write this, barely a year after the "Arab Spring", there are many in Egypt who seek to persecute the Coptic minority in that country, because as Christian's they are perceived to be outsiders and supporters of unIslamic interests.
Ironically, this reliance on superficial declarations of faith, means that many of these people then become prime candidates for swindlers and those who would seek to control them. In a world where it is dangerous to be seen to not adhere to the mainstream belief, the safest thing to do will often be to engage in vocal and obvious demonstrations of support, lest one's own faith be questioned. This in turn means that the rabble rousers and hateful people have a far greater impact as they herd the sheep and turn them loose, as wolves, on suspect minorities.
But if it where all simply down to culture, change would be much easier to stomach for many societies. Sadly, the psychological certitude of religious belief is in itself as big an issue as any other. Religious, political and cultural beliefs have a certitude that is not found in other domains of knowledge, or behaviour.
Show a person that they are wrong about the time that a train arrives at the local station and they will most likely be happy to graciously concede error and thank you for informing them – nobody wants to miss their train!
But show a person that they are wrong regarding an issue fundamental to their worldview and a much different experience will visited upon the unfortunate informant. Try to show someone that there are contradictions in their holy book, or try to explain the power of mystical experience to an atheist and in nearly every single case, the result will be the same: Implacable rejection and denial of the reality with which they are presented. If pushed, this will often denigrate into abuse and personal attacks, should the discussion continue.
Many people would rather remain ignorant than give up a cherished opinion about the world. Indeed, they will go to extraordinary lengths to ensure that they remain ignorant and to fight any possibility of ever being exposed to anything that might challenge their worldview.
This is because in attacking these core beliefs, many people feel that we are attacking them as a person. They feel that they are being ridiculed, not taken seriously, or accused of being stupid. This is of course, no more the case than it was with the railway time table correction, but the very personal nature of these beliefs means that they along with their implications are embedded in the very self perceptions that make a person who they are. Challenge these and you are challenging issues of meaning, morality, destiny and death; questions that many do not wish to ever consider or ponder deeply.
When we challenge people's identity in such a way, we challenge them on a variety of other levels as well. These challenges often arise in the form of potential for family conflict and relations to members of one's own community.
It is difficult to be the only person to have the courage to hold that people should be able to live their lives as they see fit and to believe what makes sense to them, even if it does seem absurd and perhaps even a little bit dangerous. It takes considerable courage and strength of will and purpose to challenge one's beliefs and the sad truth is that many simply do not possess the intestinal fortitude required to step down that road.
This resistance to change was amply demonstrated to me when I was studying at University. As a member of a club called "Exploring Alternative Spiritualities" I gave a series of presentations highlighting both contradictions in the Bible and what I regard as the deliberate dishonesty of the Creation Science movement. One year, I had a number of members from one of the Christian clubs in attendance at my first presentation, but almost none at the second (it was reported to me that they were initially encouraged to attend to defend Jesus from my "lies"). When I questioned one of the attendees as to the reason for the absence, I was informed that at least some had decided not to attend on the basis that I had "challenged their faith". In other words, they experienced considerable cognitive dissonance and perhaps even distress upon discovering that the Bible they had been told was infallible was littered with errors. The easiest way for them to deal with this distress was to avoid the source of the anxiety altogether, because that way they could avoid further challenge and hopefully evade the implications of their discomfort.
Additionally, there is also the very real hatred that many people have of any kind of criticism, or correction. For many, it is better to go down with the ship, than to admit error. There are those that hate the very idea of admitting they could be wrong and will gladly, if suicidally hold that black is white, right up to the point where they get killed on Douglas Adams' Zebra Crossing.
To complicate things, as discussed elsewhere, the reasons why people believe what they believe become yet another compounding variable. A lamentable fact is that many, if not most people, do not believe in a Divinity because of any rational, logical thought, or because of transcendent, mystical experience. Rather, they believe simply because everyone else around them believes.
In other words, they believe in God in the same way that they believe in Russia. They've never been there, or had any experience of it, but everyone they know agrees that it exists and some people claim to have been there, so surely it makes sense to believe as well. These people will not change their minds about their beliefs until nearly everyone around them does, although I suspect that they would all go into a self sustaining huddle long before that occurred.
The philosophy contained within the Paradox of Disbelief is as foreign to these people as Martians, but ironically, as the Principles make their way throughout world culture and gain acceptance, these people (or more likely their psychological decedents) will hold to them as fiercely as any other belief that they do now.
So what might it look like for a person to engage with the unbelief of their own belief? The first and most important step is to engage with what has already been revealed within the Uncertainty and the Divine Principles. The TRUTH is not out there. And not only is it not out there for you as a limited, mortal sentient, but it is also not out there for any being that might hubristically believe itself to be God.
The take home message from this is not only that whatever you believe is anything but certain, but that in an universe with an infinite number of potential metaphysical realities, the odds that what you believe are true actually reflects what is true is so improbable as to be a guarantee that you are wrong.
Once one recognises that any particular metaphysical belief is almost certainly incorrect, it becomes much easier to let go of the arrogance of certitude and the emotional attachment to being correct. As previously discussed, this will not be an easy thing for many, if not most people to do, but in giving up our certitude, we open ourselves up to the full potential of Infinite possibility. In acknowledging that whatever we believe is almost certainly wrong, we free ourselves from the need to defend a position that is doomed from the start and can work to discover a reality that makes sense to us on a more fundamental level.
Once one has given up on their certitude, it is necessary to open one's self up to new ideas, experiences and even friendships that might not otherwise have emerged had this not been the case. Perhaps the most obvious expression of this would be to read books, or to join groups that will expose you to different ideas. In engaging with these resources, it is important to do so with an open heart and open mind, so that whatever is new or different is not automatically disregarded, or criticised.
Yes, there will be things that you can (and should) disagree with, but it is important that this disagreement occurs from a framework of receptive openness, rather than kneejerk rejection. Often, it is through establishing relations with others and developing empathy for them as humans with their own hopes, fears and aspirations that we can finally come to see that they are not the evil that we have irrationally made them out to be.
Even if one is not able to give up their original beliefs, understanding the reasons why people might disagree with them is crucial to engaging others with empathy and compassion. One of the more horrific aspects of many forms of belief is the tribalism that emerges, where the sacred few hold themselves as better, somehow more special, than the rest. If one understands that there are very good reasons why one might not believe as one does, then this tendency is surely to be dramatically reduced.
Once one engages in this particular sort of exploration, it there are certain beliefs that will be almost impossible to uphold. These will be the sort that target those who are different to create some sort of out group to become the focus of hatred and "in group" solidarity. In modern society, the pointless antagonism directed at homosexuals by believers of nearly all stripes is a case in point.
With an absence of any scientific data that might support the radical conclusion that such behaviour is fundamentally evil it becomes nigh on impossible to maintain opposition and hatred to those for whom this is a valid lifestyle choice. Any feelings of personal disgust can be recognised as an internal psychological response, likely driven by billion years of evolution, rather than an accurate indication of reality.
In asserting the need to challenge one's own beliefs by becoming fully informed about the reasons why one should not believe, I need to make it absolutely clear that I am no way supporting various attempts by religious groups to "teach the controversy" in areas such as evolution.
The Reality Principle is and will remain, that "science is Truth", at least within the confines of areas to which science is an appropriate tool. After more than 150 years, evolution has stood the test of time and has passed tests of predictability, explanatory power an there is no evidence that might even begin to falsify it. .
Certainly, if some new evidence came to light that contradicted the theory, this should be welcomed by all, but to teach false and discredited information as scientific truth is not an example, of encouraging "disbelief", but rather yet another mechanism that religious movements use to impose their dogmas on those who so tragically put their trust in those who would seek to control them.
The Paradox of Disbelief is important, because it highlights the connection between certitude and the lack of empathy that lies at the heart of so many of the evil things that we do for each other. Far too often we become lost in the certitude of our ideas and lose track of the simple fact that these ideas often entail the diminution of others and the tribalisation of our communities and societies to the point where we are no longer communicating with one another, but instead fighting for the supremacy of irrelevancies that are certain to be wrong at the most fundamental of levels.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I can hear the whispers and I can see the laugher. The way you look at me when you pass, then look into the stroller I am pushing and you see furry animals instead of a human baby. I feel embarrassed and the look on your face makes me feel like I should be ashamed.
When I posted a picture of me smiling with my two poodles on Facebook, I received a comment saying, "When are you going to have real kids?" If you really must know, the answer is quite long. Plus, you are judging me because you had kids and you think it's ridiculous that I am pushing my dogs in a stroller, but that's OK.
But I don't have real kids because I tried and it didn't happen! I have a deformity that makes getting pregnant extremely hard. I was told that I might not be able to get pregnant because of it, but I still tried. Why? Because my mom has a similar problem and I'm here! Her advice was that I should get a little "creative." So, I did; it still didn't work.
For an individual such as myself, who all they wanted to be is a mom ever since she was a little girl, this was heart breaking. Every late period was an excitement and every negative pregnancy test tore me apart. I decided to get further checked by an OB/GYN to see if something else could be wrong, they said "no" and that based on the blood panel, I should be pregnant within six months if I kept trying.
Six months later, still no pregnancy. Another problem arose, I began to feel sicker than my usual. I then proceeded to another doctor, speaking for over an hour how I've never felt good but it seems to be getting worse. I was concerned and so was he. Sixteen tubes of blood later, we found an answer. I had lupus. When they told me this, I had never heard of lupus or the word in my entire life. All I was told is this is what I have and there is no cure, but there are medications that can help me.
As time went on, my illness escalated and the pain of wanting to be a mom grew. I saw all my friends having babies, even on their second or third. I still had no baby, just an illness.
After tons of research, I saw many woman with lupus do have successful pregnancies. But, I also learned that pregnancy can flare the disease, making it become active or worsen. I'd been married for four years and everyone is asking when I am having a baby. No one was too concerned about how terrible I felt inside. Now I have many factors against me having a baby. I don't know enough or feel nowhere close to comfortable with trying.
Lately, I've had more bad than good days. How could I possibly, knowingly, bring a child into this world if I could barely take care of myself? To top it off, I take a medication called Methotrexate which is extremely dangerous to get pregnant on. This is not a medication to play around with as it uses the folic acid in your body to work. While folic acid is a key essential for a healthy development of a baby.
So, for right now, I need to have more good days, before I take any risks. This is a decision that will not only effect my life, but the baby, and my husband. I have several factors against me. I am sorry that I am not able to meet your expectations. This is the life that was given to me and all I can do is make the best of it. If one day, I'm not on this medication, my doctor feels I'm stable enough, and I feel like trying, maybe I will. Even with all the odds against me.
Please understand that at this moment, my dogs are my kids. They are my everything. They help fill a gap that is so painful in my heart. A gap that makes me cry often. Not to mention, one of my dogs has an illness to where she cannot have a collar on nor overheat. But you know everything just by looking at us, right?
If I want to push them around in a stroller, I will! It's easier for me and my health, while giving me a satisfaction that you don't understand. But before making jokes or pass judgement, understand there might be an underlying pain you know nothing about. All you're doing is making me much worse about something I have absolutely no control over.


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text:
Q: Raw headers without status code in "Firefox Developer Tools" > "Network", is this a bug? EDIT: Later on it seemed that some browsers are confusing the term "response headers" with "response message (without response body)". So that's where this question was coming wrong. The browsers were just incorrect. Meanwhile I gave answer to my own question.
In Firefox you can check the "raw headers" via "Firefox Developer Tools" > "Network".
Example of the raw response headers:
Date: Thu, 23 Nov 2017 12:43:21 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.17 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.0.1e-fips PHP/5.6.16
Connection: Keep-Alive
Keep-Alive: timeout=1, max=100
Cache-Control: max-age=9, public
Vary: User-Agent

But I miss (for example): "HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified". Firefox shows somewhere else "304 Not Modified", but not RAW.
So they let me think I have the response headers in raw form, but actually it's only a part of the response headers, excluding the status code. This can be really confusing for people.
In my opinion it would make much more sense to add the "status code" too at that place. Now it's not really logical.
Is this a bug or how I have to see it?

A: Meanwhile I can answer my own question.
At this moment, some browsers are usings terms wrong. They are confusing "reponse headers" and "response message (without message body)". So that's why I was confused when asking the question and that was what the question was about.
See: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230#page-8 (2.1. Client/Server Messaging)

A server responds to a client's request by sending one or more HTTP
response messages, each beginning with a status line that includes
the protocol version, a success or error code, and textual reason
phrase (Section 3.1.2), possibly followed by header fields containing
server information, resource metadata, and representation metadata
(Section 3.2), an empty line to indicate the end of the header
section, and finally a message body containing the payload body (if
any, Section 3.3).

So with other words.
RESPONSE MESSAGE:
Status line (ending with CRLF, so 2 extra Bytes)
Header field 1, in case of (ending with CRLF, so 2 extra Bytes)
Header field 2, in case of (ending with CRLF, so 2 extra Bytes)
Header field 3, et cetera (ending with CRLF, so 2 extra Bytes)
Empty line to indicate the end of the header section (CRLF, so 2 extra Bytes)
Message body / Response body, if any

RESPONSE HEADERS / RESPONSE HEADER FIELDS:
Header field 1 in case of (ending with CRLF, so 2 extra Bytes)
Header field 2 in case of (ending with CRLF, so 2 extra Bytes)
Header field 3 et cetera (ending with CRLF, so 2 extra Bytes)

So officially the status-line is not part of the "reponse headers", but only part of the "response message".
Firefox is for example showing the size of the "reponse headers" in: "Firefox Developer Tools" > "Network" > click on row > Headers tab.
This size also includes the size of i.a. the status-line. The size of the raw response headers must correspond this size, but that's not the case at this moment. So or they need to change the size, or they must extra include the "status-line" + "empty line" in the (raw) response headers and they must give it another name (for example: response message - message body).
Chrome is also doing this wrong. For example see: https://developers.google.com/web/tools/chrome-devtools/network-performance/reference#requests
They are saying there:

Size. The combined size of the response headers plus the response body, as delivered by the server.

But they actually mean something different (also according the value of size in practise). They actually mean this:

Size. The combined size of the response message, without the message body (instead of response headers) plus the response body, as delivered by the server.

So actually with other words:

Size. The combined size of the response message, as delivered by the server.

So that's where my origin question was coming from. Apparently it's a difficult subject for browsers at this moment, because I tested it in 2 browsers and both are making mistakes with it.
So because of that, it's not weird if people would think the status-line is part of the response headers.


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text:
Through The Godless Hours (29)
The pretty pramugari stirred a little as he ran a finger from her waist along the curve of her hip. Silk, he thought to himself. She's made of silk. As he then kissed the warmth between her shoulder blades, Adi momentarily contemplated rousing her fully, to resume the tender coupling they had shared through much of the night. The girl was a sensational lover: a natural, he privately concluded. And this was no trivial accolade, coming as it did from the young Detective: a man who had already indulged in more women than most would chance upon in a lifetime. No, this was high praise indeed, he now mentally acknowledged, a smile forming on his lips. Gently lifting the sheets from her lower body, he gazed once more at the shapeliness of her legs: stroked the firmness of her buttocks before cupping his hand around and in between, pushing through to something hotter and moist, to the fore. But as the girl then exhaled a sigh and stretched, her expectant thighs tightly clamping his fingers, Adi hesitated – his thoughts returning to something altogether darker; to the challenge he had thrown down, and the inevitable showdown to which it would lead.
Staring absently into the grey early morning half-light of his room, Adi's thoughts turned to his next move. It's like a game of chess, he thought, only with pieces made of flesh. Perishable flesh. And blood. Bright red lifeblood. In a game where the consequences of losing were dire. With a clarity of thought he sometimes enjoyed upon first waking, he now saw that his initial enthusiasm had led him to adopt an unnecessarily risky opening gambit. That through his brash urgency, he had carelessly exposed his king, much too early in the game. The gamble had paid off, but it had been a risky move to make. For if the Captain had been in better shape when Adi first approached him, matters by now might easily have been concluded… one way or the other. And the aim, after all, was not to make a quick kill: rather to draw out the whole affair, sucking from it some of the riches on offer, for as long as the game lasted. Adi shook his head, inwardly annoyed at his rashness. Better from now on to adopt a more conservative strategy; to make use of some less important pieces… like pawns… pawns… pawns… It was not long before the essence of a plan began to form in his mind: his thoughts switching to the driver, and the delivery mechanism of his next message to the Captain…
"Please, Detective. Don't ask me to do that," the driver had pleaded with him. "You don't know what he's like. If he finds out, he'll… he'll–" "Look, all I'm asking you to do is take him on a short detour on his way home tonight. That should be no big deal." "But why? What's the reaso–" "On any pretext you can think of, my friend," the Detective cut in, while counting five well used twenty US dollar bills directly into his hand. "Look – that's half of what you'll get, OK?" He looked the driver directly in the eye. "Seven sharp – don't be late. I'm relying on you."
For someone who usually took an entire month to earn its Rupiah equivalent, two hundred dollars was a mighty big lure. He knew that the money went hand in hand with the risk: that the only real alternative was to do nothing at all. But he was in any case already implicated by his earlier actions; the information he had supplied. His mind flitted from one scenario to the other, then back, until he knew he had to stop dithering, lest a form of madness overcame him. Knowing that there was little use in trying to rationalise the situation, the driver instead asked himself a simple question, while staring intently at the bank notes in his hand: do I have it in me to give back this money? But even before he had begun thinking about this, he knew the answer. This spider sure has a sticky web, he then thought to himself, sighing. And he knew in this instant that he had no real option but to do as he had been asked. But this was no easy mission. It was a big deal, contrary to what the Detective had said. And he was petrified of what might happen to him if the Captain's suspicions were raised.
posted by Kirk at 2:03 am


text:
Auburn Commits to Game-Day Experience Across Campus with Daktronics Video Display Installations
Source: Daktronics
Installation includes one of the first video displays for college equestrian
BROOKINGS, S.D. – Oct. 12, 2016 – Auburn University is committing to Tigers fans and their live event experience in 2016 by continuing to rely on Daktronics(NASDAQ-DAKT) of Brookings, South Dakota, to install 12 new LED displays for four different venues on campus in Auburn, Alabama. The installation of one video display and audio system at Auburn University Soccer Complex, one of the first video displays for college equestrian and an audio upgrade in Jordan-Hare Stadium's suites were completed this summer. The installation of video displays at facilities for baseball and basketball are all still to come this year.
"This most recent project with Daktronics brought our total number of sports supported by video boards to 10," Andrew Young, Auburn assistant athletics director of video services said. "The visual support from these boards creates more excitement at our sporting events and helps us deliver an outstanding game-day experience for our fans."
The video displays for baseball, equestrian and soccer will provide fans and viewers with live video, instant replays, event scores, statistics, graphics, sponsorship messages and other information throughout events. These displays can show one large image or multiple zones to show any combination of content based on the needs of each event.
"We're excited to continue our long-standing partnership with Auburn University and their athletic facilities," said Glen Marts, Daktronics sales representative. "We are delivering on their goal of improving the experience for Tiger fans for many years to come. These facility upgrades also make things easier from a control perspective to train workers once and allow them to control all the displays on campus. We're looking forward to seeing everything in operation this year."
Auburn University Soccer Complex received a display measuring 14.5 feet high by 32.5 feet wide and a custom fixed-digit scoreboard. Samford Stadium-Hitchcock Field at Plainsman Park will receive a display measuring 24 feet high by 62.5 feet wide creating a completely digital canvas for baseball games. Auburn University Horse Center received a display measuring 13 feet high by 29 feet wide for equestrian events.
These three video displays all feature 15 HD pixel layouts to provide high-definition imagery and wide-angle visibility while incorporating industry-leading protection from the outdoor elements. Each site will receive new channel letters above the video displays.
The soccer and baseball venues will also receive Daktronics Sportsound® 500 and Sportsound® 2000 systems, respectively. These audio systems provide booming sound and intelligible speech for an improved overall experience throughout events.
Last year, Daktronics installed an audio system for the main seating bowl at Jordan-Hare Stadium. This year, a new audio system was integrated into the existing system for all suites and premium areas. It includes a robust control solution which allows individual audio control inside each of the 85 suites within the stadium.
For basketball, Auburn Arena will receive new LED ribbon and scorer's table displays to show additional graphics and statistical elements as well as the opportunity to highlight sponsors throughout events. The new ribbon display along the upper seating fascia will measure 2.5 feet high by 679 feet wide and feature 15-millimeter line spacing. The eight scorer's tables will each measure 2 feet high by 9 feet wide and feature 10-millimeter line spacing.
The basketball practice facility will also be receiving fixed-digit scoreboards, sponsor panels, control consoles, shot clocks and light strips as part of the project.
Daktronics will also be including its powerful Show Control System with these installations. The industry-leading system provides a combination of display control software, world-class video processing, data integration and playback hardware that forms a user-friendly production solution. It also allows for in-venue control or each event to be run from the master control room depending on event need and staffing levels. All displays are connected to the master control room except for the equestrian display. For more information on Show Control, visit www.daktronics.com/show.
Daktronics LED video and messaging display technology offers a long lifetime with consistent, industry-leading performance and low power consumption, providing value and excitement for years to come.
About Daktronics
Daktronics helps its customers to impact their audiences throughout the world with large-format LED video displays, message displays, scoreboards, digital billboards and control systems in sport, business and transportation applications. Founded in 1968 as a USA-based manufacturing company, Daktronics has grown into the world leader in audio-visual systems and implementation with offices around the globe. Discover more at www.daktronics.com.


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text:
Frederick Bellars (Frederick G. "Fred" Bellars; * 2. Januar 1888 in Rutherford, New Jersey; † 10. Mai 1971 in Lyndhurst, New Jersey) war ein US-amerikanischer Langstreckenläufer.

Beim Fünf-Meilen-Lauf der Olympischen Spiele 1908 in London wurde er Achter.

1908 wurde er US-Meister über fünf Meilen, 1907, 1908 und 1910 im Crosslauf.

Weblinks

Langstreckenläufer (Vereinigte Staaten)
US-Amerikaner
Olympiateilnehmer (Vereinigte Staaten)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 1908
Mann
Geboren 1888
Gestorben 1971


The Southern Ridges is a nine kilometre (5.6 mile) trail that connects three Singapore parks. The eye-catching Henderson Waves connecting bridge, which joins Mount Faber Park to Telok Blangah Hill Park, is the trail's highest point. The lush greenery and safe, traffic-free walking trail make this a popular place to enjoy some fresh (if humid) Singapore air.


text:
Q: How long do zipimported module imports remain cached in memory when using appengine / python and is there a way to keep them in memory? I've recently uploaded an app that uses django appengine patch and currently have a cron job that runs every two minutes. On each invocation of the worker url it consumes quite a bit of resources
/worker_url  200 7633ms 34275cpu_ms 28116api_ms

That is because on each invocation it does a cold zipimport of all the libraries django etc.

*

*How long do the imported modules stay in memory?

*Is there a way to keep these modules in memory so even if subsequent calls are not within the timeframe that these modules stay in memory they still don't invoke the overhead?

A: app engine keeps everything in memory according to normal Python semantics as long as it's serving one or more requests in the same process in the same node; if and when it needs those resources, the process goes away (so nothing stays in memory that it used to have), and new processes may be started (on the same node or different nodes) any time to serve requests (whether other processes serving other requests are still running, or not). This is much like the fast-CGI model: you're assured of normal semantics within a single request but apart from that anything between 0 and N (no upper limit) different nodes may be running your code, each serving sequentially anything between 0 and K (no upper limit) different requests.
There is nothing you can do to "stay in memory" (for zipimported modules or anything else).
For completeness let me mention memcache, which is an explicit hint/request to the app engine runtime to keep something in a special form of memory, a distributed hash table that's shared among all processes running your code -- that's hard though not impossible to use for imported modules (you'd need pretty sophisticated import hooks) and I recommend against the effort needed to develop such hooks because even in presence of such explicit hints the app engine runtime can still at any time choose to eject anything you've stashed away in the cache, anyway.
Rather -- I'm not sure why a cron job in particular would need all of django nor of why you're zipimporting it rather than just using the 1.0.2 that now comes with app engine, per the docs -- care to elaborate? This might be a useful issue for you to optimize.


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Every day, we wake up and proceed to the bathroom to apply lotions, serums, and fragrances to our body not knowing that some of those products contain ingredients that may soon be banned by the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act.
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Personal care products haven't been regulated in 80 years. That's eight decades of new ingredients being pumped into little bottles and jars.
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Parabens (isopropylparaben, isobutylparaben, phenylparaben, benzylparaben, pentylparaben, propylparaben and butylparaben).


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Q: Empirical quantile definition? Suppose we have an order set of data $\mathcal X=\{x^{(1)},x^{(2)},...,x^{(n)}\}$ such that $x^{(1)}\le x^{(2)}\le ...\le x^{(n)}$. For some reason in my course's definition of empirical quantile, we write the probability of getting a value less than $x^{(i)}$ as:
$$
p_i=\frac{i}{n+1}
$$
I don't understand why we divide by $n+1$ instead of $n$, because it means that the probability $p_n$ of getting a value less than the highest value in our data set is less than 1 (i.e. $p_n=\frac{n}{n+1}<1$). But clearly we should have $p_n=1$? So how come this definition is used for the empirical quantile?
Thanks a lot!

A: I'm not sure what you mean by "... getting a value less than ..." but the expression you show for $p_i$ arises in the context of order statistics as follows.
If the underlying random variable has a uniform distribution, then $p_i = i/(n+1)$ is the expected value of the $i$th order statistic.
The probability that the $i$th order statistic is less than $x$ is the probability of the union of mutually exclusive events where at least $j \geq i$ of the samples are less than $x$ but the remaining $n-j$ samples are greater than $x$. There are ${n}\choose{j}$ different combinations satisfying this condition. The probability of this union is a sum of probabilities over $j=i, \ldots,n$.
Assuming an iid sample of size $n$, the distribution function for $X_{(i)}$ is
$$\mathbb{P} (X_{(i)}\leq x) = \sum_{j=i}^{n} {{n}\choose{j}}[F(x)]^j[1-F(x)]^{n-j}$$
To get the density function, take the derivative of the distribution function with respect to $x$ to obtain
$$f_{(i)}(x) = n{n-1 \choose i-1}F(x)^{i-1}(1-F(x))^{n-i}f(x).$$
Assuming a $U(0,1)$ distribution, we have $f(x) = 1$ and $F(x) = x$.  Integrating the product $xf_{(i)}(x)$ over $[0,1]$ we find the expected value
$$E(X_{(i)})=\frac{i}{n+1}.$$


text:
Q: Java2D - Access font CMap to render ligatures I need to print Emojis with ligatures ( +  =  ) into a Graphics2D object. From what I see you can either use graphics2d.drawString(string, x, y); or create a GlyphVector from the font and then print that GlyphVector into the Graphics2D object.
Both methods don't work as they fail rendering ligatures. There is an interesting method in Font: createGlyphVector(frc, int[] glyphCodes) that allow you to create a GlyphVector with the specified glyph indexes.
THE PROBLEM:
How do I retrieve such glyph indexes. Manually accessing the indexes for the ligature glyphs I could workaround the problem.
The java.awt.Font class hides all the API that allow you to access the CMap and I don't see any way in the standard API to access/query the glyphs.
Is there any way to do it?

A: I searched JAVA and found createGlyphVector(frc, int[]) which is all I need in order to use JAVA to display text from native code.
In my search I found this wonderful question that is exactly what I was looking for, to validate that we do have in JAVA DrawGlyphRuns D2D equivalent.
The alternative to using JAVA from native code is including a library such as freetype-gl and doing everything on native side.
So my solution to not having cmap data easily available in JAVA, is having it prepared in advance for specific fonts and made into resource data tables. This works very well and very quickly for scripts with reasonable amount of Unicode code points. The assumption is that cmap data is stable data. The tables take very little memory and it is good to not have to call functions for it for every glyph even when cmap data is readily available.


text:
DCED PA Proud Blog Expanding the definition of 'Made in PA'
Expanding the definition of 'Made in PA'
Starting this month, the team from Keystone Edge — a digital magazine covering what's next and best in Pennsylvania — will be giving #PAProud readers an inside look at each month's issue.
For November, it's all about making things in Pennsylvania — past, present, and future.
Our lead story looks at the maker movement across the state. Makerspaces have popped up in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Altoona, Erie, the Lehigh Valley, and State College, to name a few. These collaborative workshops — filled with both basic tools (saws, hammers) and high-tech gadgets (3-D printers, design software) — provide a space for amateur entrepreneurs and creative laypeople to work with their hands and come away with something tangible.
"We try to change people's idea of what being a scientist or artist is," says Nina Barbuto, director and founder of Assemble, a Pittsburgh arts- and technology-focused makerspace. "We help people understand that they have the power and the choice to create and bring their ideas to fruition."
So, if makerspaces are part of Pennsylvania's future, they are also a continuation of the state's legacy. This month, we take a look at our glorious manufacturing past via the new National Museum of Industrial History in Bethlehem. The institution opened in August in a century-old former Bethlehem Steel plant, well-known for supplying materials used in Rockefeller Plaza and the Golden Gate Bridge, as well as countless warships.
Looking for a company that represents the current health of the state's output? Look no further than Phillipsburg's DiamondBack Truck Covers. Thirteen years ago, two Penn State undergrads used a class assignment as inspiration for a company. Now they're opening a 38,000-square-foot plant and earning more than $6 million per year. It's a true homegrown success story.
Of course, "Made in PA" extends beyond industrial manufacturing to things that grow and ferment. In Carbon County, Red Castle Brewery is luring thirsty travelers to Lehighton. The brewpub grew out of a restaurant serving Polish favorites and now draws both locals and out-of-town craft beer lovers.
"When you look at any microbrewery…it draws a different type of clientele," explains owner Frank Potoczak. "They'll stop in here to try the beer then travel on to Jim Thorpe. Tourism is very big here seven months out of the year, and located where we are off the Lehigh River, we draw rafters and kayakers. We're giving them something different."
Exhausted from all that productivity? Looking to burn off steam? Check out this feature on the new Trails at Jakes Rocks in the PA Wilds. Completed thanks to support from over a dozen local and statewide partners, these world-class mountain biking paths will hopefully draw visitors from across the region and spur the development of local small businesses catering to riders. With the first phase complete, partners aren't looking to downshift anytime soon: in total, 46 miles of trail are proposed for the Jakes Rocks recreation area.
As you can see, we have a lot to be thankful for here in Pennsylvania. Interested in keeping up with the latest from Keystone Edge? Subscribe to our monthly newsletter.
Keystone Edge Made in PA Manufacturing PA Proud Pennsylvania tourism
Lee Stabert is Editor in Chief of Keystone Edge, an online magazine covering what's next and best in Pennsylvania. A native Philadelphian, Lee has spent her journalism career covering everything from indie music to local food to economic development. She is always looking for the next small town or historic neighborhood to explore: tips welcome.
Celebrating Manufacturing Every Day
What's So Cool About Manufacturing?
Pennsylvania's Snack Food Scene
Sustaining Pennsylvania's Manufacturing Labor Force During and After the Pandemic
Southwestern PA Training Center Funnels Skilled Workers into the Manufacturing Industry


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Home » Celebrities » Betty White dies at 99: Legendary actress passes away
Betty White dies at 99: Legendary actress passes away
Legendary comedic actress Betty White, 'the First Lady of Television' dies at the age of 99 – days short of her 100th birthday – after an eight-decade long career in Hollywood
Betty White, an early pioneer in television comedy and star of The Golden Girls has died at the age of 99 – after an 80-year-long career in Hollywood
White holds the Guinness World Record for 'Longest TV Career for an Entertainer' after she started working in television in 1939
Without any formal training, White starred alongside disc-jockey Al Jarvis in one of TV's earliest variety shows filmed in LA called, 'Hollywood on Television'
She was preceded in death by her third husband, Allen Ludden and survived by three stepchildren. White had no children of her own
She is the recipient of eight Emmy Awards (21 nominations), three Screen Actors Guild Awards and a 1985 Television Hall of Fame inductee
She credited 'vodka, french fries and hot dogs' for her longevity and said her 'obsessive addiction to crossword puzzles' kept her mind sharp
Betty White has passed away at the age of 99.
The legendary comedic actress died just weeks before her milestone 100th birthday, TMZ reports.
White is said to have passed away at her home on Friday morning, law enforcement sources tell the outlet.
The Golden Girls star – who was born in 1922 – was set to reach her 100 birthday on January 17.
RIP: Betty White dies at 99: Legendary actress passes away just weeks before her milestone 100th birthday
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EuroMillions draw LIVE: £14m Lottery jackpot up for grabs tonight plus latest Thunderball results »


text:
TestCase("CurveTest", {
	setUp: function () {
		this.curve = new OG.geometry.Curve([
			[2, 1],
			[1, 3],
			[-1, -1],
			[-2, 1]
		]);
	},

	testGetBoundary: function () {
		var base = new OG.geometry.Envelope([-2, -1], 4, 4),
			boundary = this.curve.getBoundary();

		assertTrue(base.isEquals(boundary));
	},

	testGetVertices: function () {
		var vertices = this.curve.getVertices();

		assertEquals("[2,1]", vertices[0]);
		assertEquals("[-2,1]", vertices[vertices.length - 1]);
	},

	testMove: function () {
		var clonedGeometry = OG.Util.clone(this.curve), vertices;

		clonedGeometry.move(10, -5);

		vertices = clonedGeometry.getVertices();

		assertEquals("[12,-4]", vertices[0]);
		assertEquals("[8,-4]", vertices[vertices.length - 1]);
	}
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Kicking off brokerage career with Hall of Fame quarterback
Shari Lopatin
Special for The Republic | azcentral.com
Vicki Robinson will be forever grateful to Roger Staubach; the former Dallas Cowboys quarterback helped kick off her real estate career.
When the vice president of Jones Lang LaSalle moved to the Valley from Atlanta in 2000, she landed a job with The Staubach Company, a real estate services firm Staubach owned. At the time, the company had only six brokers and Robinson found a job working for one of them, John Pierson, who hired her to do business development.
Robinson worked in that role for three years until, one day, she met Staubach. He encouraged her to transition into brokerage.
"We need more females in brokerage," Staubach told Robinson. "We need the female perspective."
At first, she had some hesitations, Robinson recalls.
But Staubach insisted, and introduced Robinson to two of his company's top female brokers. The women mentored Robinson and introduced her to their networks. Three years into her tenure with The Staubach Company, Robinson became a real estate broker, a career she loves to this day.
"I will be forever grateful,"she says.
In 2008, JLL bought out The Staubach Company and Robinson remained with the firm. She became JLL's vice president and has beenwith the company for 14 years now, managing a portfolio of 1,300 leases for two major clients.
"Real estate can really have an impact on your client's bottom line," Robinson says. "For me, that's the thing that motivates me and keeps me going, the positive reinforcement and feedback I get from my clients."
So do the relationships she has developed through her job. Growing up, interactions with people were important.
"Because my father was in the Air Force, there was always a great deal of respect for other people," she says.
Robinson laughs as she recounts growing up in countries all over the world, learning her ABCs during kindergarten in Okinawa, Japan. She's also lived in Germany, Saudi Arabia, California, Mississippi and Georgia.
"(There was) always a sense of adventure," she says. "We just made the best of wherever we were stationed.
Regardless of where Robinson lived, that sense of camaraderie from the Air Force lingered. And today, Robinson carries it into her work in real estate.
"Your colleagues and your clients have to know they can trust you," she says.
Just like, once upon a time, Robinson trusted a man named Staubach, who forever changed her life.


This entry was posted on February 11, 2016 at 9:41 am	and is filed under Bible, Football, Idioms from the 20th Century, Sports. Tagged: Albert V. Casey of American Airlines, American Thinker, Daniel H. Gray, Dianne Feinstein, Harvard Business Review, John Boehner (R-OH) in 2011, move the goal posts, move the goalposts, Proverbs 22:28, shift the goalposts, Time Magazine, Washington Post. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


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