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Title: Potlatch
Subtitle: Ritual Resistance to Capitalism
Author: Don LaCoss
Issue: Fifth Estate #363, Winter, 2003/2004
Source: https://www.fifthestate.org/archive/363-winter-20032004/potlatch
Notes: Fifth Estate #363, Winter, 2003/2004
Don LaCoss
Ritual Resistance to Capitalism
Before becoming Situationists and involving themselves in the business of social war and cultural revolution in 1960s Europe, Guy Debord and his friends were active in the Lettrist International. They read too much Baudelaire and Marx, drank too much cheap Beaujolais, and aimlessly prowled the streets of Cold War Paris seeking liberty, love, the supersession of art, and an escape from post-Marshall Plan consumer culture while staying one step ahead of the cops. From 1954 to 1957, the Lettrists published a free periodical called Potlatch, which later became the Situationist International's internal newsletter. Debord explained the choice of title for the publication in an essay in 1959: The goods that a free bulletin such as this distributes are non-salable. Only the further elaboration of these new desires and problems by others can constitute the corresponding return gift." As would be seen later in Debord's thinking on the spectacle, Potlatch was meant as a way to critically assess the vicious cultural logic of capitalism, the dead world of commodities, and the ways in which the accepted dynamics of the modern exchange economy had neutralized classical working-class Marxism. Instead, the Lettrists were hearkening to an alternative to the capitalist exchange of equivalence. This alternative was practiced by the aboriginal peoples of the Pacific Northwest famously described by late nineteenth century ethnographer Franz Boas and pre-World War II anthropologist Marcel Mauss.
"Potlatch"—an imprecise term invented by the Euro-Canadian settlers in British Columbia, probably a mangling of patshatl, the Nootka people's word for "giving away"—is used to identify the complex ceremonies meant to observe changes in prerogative, rank, or privilege. At times, these promotions in standing were closely tied to celebrations of defining life events, such as birth, naming, first menstruation, wedding, and death. According to accounts, the potlatch was generally free of strife and intertribal rivalries as participants devoted themselves to a week of merrymaking, games, puzzles, feasting, singing, dancing, and lovemaking.
The most distinguishing feature of the potlatch was an excessive dissolution of surplus wealth. Nineteenth-century merchant capitalism revolved around the accumulation of wealth through exchanges of equivalence, and those who could stash away vast amounts of capital were awarded high standing in the society. By comparison, Northwest Coast Indians regarded such hoarding as disgraceful and aberrant—respect and power came to the hosting group or clan by widely distributing and radically squandering wealth.
Rather than the conspicuous consumption of commodities, potlatch was a majestic discharge of goods: hundreds of blankets might be given away to guests, a fleet of canoes destroyed, a stockpile of harvested crops burned, or large ingots of copper hurled into the sea. The guests of honor who received extravagant gifts or who otherwise witnessed the stunning destruction of possessions during the festivities validated and legitimated the host's claims to newly elevated status. In turn, they found themselves obliged to return the gifts of the feast through even greater wasteful gestures and celebrations. The ultimate objective was to secure great prestige by sensational expenditures too excessive to ever be repaid (thus the explanation by Debord mentioned above).
Not surprisingly, there were Christian missionaries who worked hard to destroy the potlatch ceremonial practices in western Canada during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Most (but not all) Anglican, Methodist, and Catholic missionaries who were trying to obliterate indigenous culture deemed potlatching to be a vice so reprehensible and useless that it was "absolutely necessary to put this practice down" because it retarded the Indians' advancement from primitive heathendom towards civilization and knowledge. Missionaries who demanded the criminalization of potlatch often sought to link it to legislation outlawing other secret society performances and shamanic dance rites like the tamananawas. Like "potlatch," tamananawas was a catch-all term concocted by whites; it comes from a Lower Chinook word for supernatural empowerment and is meant to refer to the winter ceremonial "medicine dances" of the Tsimshian, Bella Coola, Bella Bella, and Kwakiutl that involved the exhumation of corpses, the eating of dog-flesh, and ritualized mutilation. By combining the tamananawas and the potlatch, the missionaries likened their moral disgust and terror of the occult to their disapproval of alternative models of economic behavior. In other words, to the minds of the Catholics and the Protestants who were enforcing acculturation, the radical expenditure of wealth was as Satanic and loathsome as witchcraft.
Canadian lawmakers and Indian Affairs bureaucrats viewed the potlatch problem from the perspective of assimilation. The potlatchers' stubborn refusal to discontinue their rituals was considered an act of Amerindian dissent against settler cultural and economic hegemony. As spelled out in documents filed by Canadian government agents and commissioners beginning in 1872, potlatch activities Were to blame for the "terrible decline" and "present state of degradation" among tribes on the Canadian Pacific coast. Gilbert M. Sproat of a joint federal-provincial Indian reservation commission in British Columbia declared that potlatch's pernicious influences sanctioned laziness, encouraged disobedience, and sabotaged "all philanthropic, administrative and missionary efforts for the improvement of the Indians." (Furthermore, Sproat said, the Queen objected to it.) In 1879, Sproat pronounced that "it is not possible that Indians can acquire property, or become industrious with any good result, while under the influence of this mania." Sproat's boss called for the eradication of "this foolish, wasteful and demoralizing custom" which "produces indigence, thriftlessness, and a habit of roaming about which prevents home associations and is inconsistent with all progress." Potlatch was counter-productive to the task of fitting Indians into white society.
It seems that the capitalist State's panic over unassimilable economic activity was compounding the problems arising from the Euro-Canadians' systematic extermination of Native ways of life. The rhetorics of progress used to decry the "insane exuberance of generosity" at these festivals consistently appear in the archival record of the anti-potlatch effort. Such outrage contributed mightily to the full criminalization of potlatch by the Canadian government in 1885. The values celebrated in potlatch ceremonies were contrary to the very meaning of labor, exchange and industry as sanctified in the merchant capitalist system. Capital—in short, the fixed and circulating assets required for industrial production—could not exist in a community where potlatching was practiced. The concepts of savings, debt, and bankruptcy in a capitalist society were impossible to impose among a people whose work and property were directed to channels other than capital formulation and accumulation.
This explains why post-Marxist European anti-capitalists like Johan Huizinga, Claude Lefort, and Debord were so impressed by the political economy of the potlatch. For nearly thirty years, surrealist Georges Bataille argued that the "infinitely ruined splendor" of potlatch was the only meaningful alternative to bargaining and "the artificial notion of barter" so beloved by classical economics. He called for the emancipation of the repressed human needs for festive, ritualized, orgiastic destruction which have been deeply buried for decades under the weight of industrial capitalism, a social revolution that would be based on seizing the means of expenditure rather than just the means of production. Be that as it may, the aboriginal people of the Pacific Northwest coast who resisted the attempts to eradicate the practice of potlatch after 1872 were less interested in anti-capitalist revolt than they were in surviving cultural annihilation. While some aboriginal ethno-linguistic groups like the Tlingit and Haida gave up the potlatch with very little resistance early on, others (Kwakiutl, Nuu-chah-nulth, Cowichan, Gitskan) refused to jettison its practice. In 1879, an Anglican missionary wrote to the superintendent of Indian Affairs that the Kwakiutl (properly, the Kwakwa ka'wakw) were "the most difficult lot to civilize" precisely because of their refusal to quit potlatching. British Columbia's superintendent for Indian Affairs complained in 1883 that the Kwakiutl "appear to resist, inch by inch, the inroads of civilization upon old savage custom"; for the next twenty-five years, various officials from the Department of Indian Affairs explained that the tribe was "antagonistic to the white race" and intractably "opposed to anything and everything advanced by the white man." Beginning around 1902, local Indian agents began to zealously target the "bad Indians" and to pressure the federal government in Ottawa to respond to scofflaws with a more stern mix of paternalism and oppression leavened with wrongheaded notions of social reform, "material progress," Christian triumphalism, and white supremacism.
By 1910, the new Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs in Ottawa, Duncan Campbell Scott (a career Indian Affairs official who has insultingly described himself as a world-class poet), escalated the war against potlatch. Scott was adamant about the total assimilation of the indigenous people of the Northwest Coast into the white Canadian mainstream ("the Europeanization of the Indians was simply a part of the story of progress" is a remark typical of Scott's vision) and spearheaded the vigorous enforcement of existing legislation. When judges and juries began Overturning arrests made by Indian Affairs officers, Scott had the anti-potlatch statutes revised from a "criminal" to a "summary" offense, meaning that, by 1918, local Indian Affairs agents could convict and sentence potlatchers as "justices of the peace" without the bother of a juried trial. Fines were imposed and tribal leaders were imprisoned. A battery of new regulations—including sumptuary laws, strict public assembly and dancing laws, linked marriage codes and anti-prostitution laws (specifically designed to stop polyamorous potlatch exchanges), as well as an "Anti-Loafing Law" that tried to impose the Protestant work ethic on all Native males between the ages of 16 and 60—were enacted in the late 1920s with the intent to stop the festivals. Ritual art and artifacts (masks, crests, and headdresses, all of which were very important to the potlatch) were confiscated and donated to natural history museums or sold to dealers of "primitive" art, who in turn made a great deal of money selling them to collectors. But the laws were enforced sporadically and unevenly and had to he re-written a number of times in order to more precisely identify the offending ceremony. In 1936, an amendment was introduced into Canadian parliament that would have empowered Mounties and Indian agents to seize any stockpile of goods (blankets, sacks of flour, cooking oil) that could potentially be used for potlatching, but was not passed into law.
Northwest Native Americans always seemed able to stymie the police and flummox the legislators. The Kwakiutl potlatches went underground in the 1910s and 1920s to avoid raids by Royal Northwest Mounted Police and Department of Indian Affairs constables, but the ceremonies were difficult to keep secret since the objective of the festival was to gather a large audience to witness the discharge of wealth. Still, tribal solidarity allowed many potlatches to go on unmolested. If apprehended, Kwakiutl potlatchers claimed that they were celebrating Christmas or were doing charity work like good Christians, and it was difficult to find any Indians who would testify otherwise. Beginning in the late 1920s, it was also common for the activities performed during potlatch ceremonies to be spread out between different locales at different times in order to elude police surveillance. Still, despite increased repression, potlatching continued—in fact, some of those arrested and sent to jail, like Herbert Martin (Kwakiutl) of Alert Bay, BC who had been arrested in 1922, said they organized potlatches immediately upon their release in order to "cleanse" the humiliation and debasement of the penitentiary experience.
Sustained Kwakiutl defiance of the laws rendered their enforcement far too difficult and costly after 1933, and many frustrated or sympathetic reservation agents stopped arresting people. The official persecution of potlatching ended in September 1951 when it failed to appear in the new, revised Indian Act passed by the parliament in Ottawa. In retrospect, the anti-potlatch laws were less damaging to traditional customs and cultures then had been the changes in tribal demographics (a polite way of saying "genocide"), the Depression, and other forces of State conformity and discrimination. The ceremonies endured despite these difficulties (albeit in modified versions) and continue along the coast and on the islands of British Columbia today as a vital part of the movement to consciously reassert the value of indigenous dance, music, and art. A new generation of artists are creating ritual masks and objects to be used in these festivals, while, at the same time, efforts are being made to repatriate the ritual artifacts seized in Canadian police raids over half a century ago.
The story of the general economy of the potlatch is one that is worth repeating. Why settle for perpetual war when we can have perpetual potlatch? Perhaps, for those of us who are repelled by hyper-consumerism and enraged by the metastasizing commodification of existence, the potlatch can be re-tooled to recognize mutual aid rather than replicating its traditional aim of reinforcing rank and hierarchy—prestige could be one of the gifts given away! The festival of infinitely ruined splendor could be a way to act in solidarity with indigenous populations against the atrocities of globalized corporate capitalism. Only the further elaboration of these new desires and problems by others can constitute the corresponding return gift.


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Visiting bishops see 'incomprehensible complexity' of Holy Land situation
Bishops are seen during Mass in St. Jerome's Cave in the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, West Bank. The Mass was part of this year's Jan. 12-17 Holy Land Coordination, which is focusing on the challenges and opportunities for Christians in Israel. (CNS photo/courtesy Marcin Mazur via catholicnews.org.uk)
By Judith Sudilovsky
JERUSALEM (CNS) — Visiting with Christian communities in northern Israel and the northern Palestinian Territories has helped bishops participating in the annual Holy Land Coordination see "the great need" to promote an understanding between Israelis and Palestinians, said Bishop Noel Treanor of Down and Connor, Ireland.
"There is … a need to devise ways for both people to understand that, ultimately and finally, for the common good of all, a permanent and sustainable solution is needed," said Bishop Treanor. "The kind of issues at stake here are not easily resolved, but some kind of solution has to be found. It is difficult to know when that will be achieved."
"It does not make sense that people living in such close proximity should be a source of conflict," he added.
He said every generation has the responsibility to take the necessary steps to promote mutual respect and understanding. Based on the Irish experience, he highlighted the important role the international community plays in finding solutions to such conflicts.
"The kind of problems faced here … are part of the human condition," Bishop Treanor said. "An emphasis must be on the role of the international community. The world has become more interdependent … and the international community must be involved so that people may live in peace and harmony."
The annual Holy Land Coordination includes bishops from North America, Europe and South Africa. Based this year in the northern Israeli city of Haifa Jan. 12-17, it has focused on the challenges and opportunities for Christians in Israel. The bishops visited Christian hospitals, schools and villages in Israel. They also met with Christian religious leaders, Christian mayors from Israeli towns, members of the Israeli Knesset, academics and internal refugees from the Melkite Catholic village of Ikrit.
The diverse meetings have helped highlight the "incomprehensible complexity" of the situation, said Bishop Treanor.
"We have also seen people working for peace and justice and the promotion of mutual understanding. Those are the ingredients for a sustainable solution and hope," he said.
On Jan. 13, the bishops celebrated Mass at the Church of the Visitation in the northern Palestinian village of Zababdeh and visited the Jenin refugee camp and a school run by the U.N. Relief and Works Agency for Palestine.
Bishops from North America, Europe and South Africa visit the UNRWA camp and school in Jenin, West Bank. The visit was part of the annual Holy Land Coordination. (CNS photo/courtesy Marcin Mazur via catholicnews.org.uk)
The school has been adversely affected by the U.S. government's withholding of funds to UNRWA, noted Archbishop Timothy Broglio, chairman of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops' Committee on International Justice and Peace.
"The cutoff of USA aid is a very aggravating factor, which makes life more difficult," he said, noting that class sizes have increased to about 45 students per classroom and job training and job promotion programs had to be closed. "Those are innocent people caught in a battle."
Job promotion is critically important in helping young Christians remain in the Holy Land, he said.
He also noted the importance of meeting with the Christian community in Israel to learn about their perspective.
"They are Israeli citizens and do form a bridge. They can be loyal members of Israel as well as loyal members of our faith tradition," he said.
Archbishop Broglio said that while Christians in Israel have opportunities, they also face challenges and discrimination such as the newly passed Nation State Law, which recognizes Israel as "the national home of the Jewish people." Opponents say the law reduces non-Jews to second-class citizens.
The bishops' visit also inspires hope in the local Christian community that people abroad care about them and that will advocate for them to their governments.
In his homily at the Church of the Visitation in the West Bank, South Africa Archbishop Stephen Brislin of Cape Town told parishioners that the bishops understood the challenges they face and the importance of their presence in the Holy Land.
"We know and understand the difficult circumstances in which you live, and we also understand the important vocation you have of keeping the flame of Christianity alight in the place of the Messiah's birth, ministry, death and resurrection," he said.
Catholics cannot remain silent in the presence of untruth, injustice, hatred and violence, Archbishop Brislin said.
"The promotion of truth, love, justice and peace are integral to the mission of the church. In the presence of untruth, injustice, hatred and violence we cannot remain silent. We have an obligation to witness to the kingdom. We cannot be silent, nor can we be neutral," he said.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Local developer and general contractor BP Construction has tapped long-standing commercial and residential building professional Matthew Brown to join the company's custom and luxury home division. Mr. Brown brings 15 years of experience to his position with BP and will focus primarily on custom and high-end home construction and renovations throughout the greater Chattanooga market.
Prior to joining BPC, Mr. Brown was a partner and owner with Chattanooga-based commercial and residential contractor, Raines Brothers, Inc. He began working with Raines Brothers in 2004. During his tenure with Raines, Mr. Brown oversaw luxury home construction in neighborhoods on Lookout and Signal mountains, North Chattanooga, Ooltewah, and many others.
From 1991 through 2003, Mr. Brown was a vice president and project manager with Currey Contracting where he focused on commercial and residential remodeling and restoration as well as estimating and insurance claim management. Mr. Brown began his career as a carpenter's apprentice with Al Cox Custom Homebuilding.


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Home Retail Growth of user-generated content in emerging markets
Growth of user-generated content in emerging markets
Internet growth worldwide had been like the bamboo shoot for the last two decades. Growing fast, often faster than the GDP growth of the country. Now, more than 50% of the world's population has access to the internet, and there is no slowing down. In a highly content dominated market, players who offer dynamic, and variety content will win more customers.
Emerging markets are leading the charge now, which once belonged to now developed markets, in the internet growth era. From a 4 million user mark in 1991-92, more than 3.7 billion people now have access to the internet worldwide.
The obvious fact to understand here is that these many people, which is almost 50% of the world's population, are producing, sharing and consuming content on the internet.
Data Explosion in Today's Time
As per CISCO's report, "The Zettabyte Era: Trends and Analysis," published in June 2017, global internet traffic touched 26,600 Gigabytes per second in 2016, from just 100 GBPS in 2002. That is a record 49% CAGR.
By the same report, the internet traffic from smartphones is expected to touch 39% of global internet traffic by 2021. While PC traffic is expected to enjoy the same share as of now, it'll still be significantly higher in quantitative terms.
Much of this growth is contributed by the video consumption on cell phones and other devices.
How & Why User Generated Content
Internet content is no longer driven by businesses. Users have their own content, photos, videos, etc. All they look for nowadays is a platform. Multiple research reports on internet marketing have suggested that buyers actively seek peer reviews before making the purchase.
User reviews seem to be trumping over professional reviews every day.
So, the mantra now is not about creating an impactful content for the business but providing a platform for your customers to create and share content.Best and direct example of UGC marketing comes from the gaming companies. These PC gaming businesses provide a platform for the players to create their own content, even create game levels. See figure 1 for live gaming/streaming content performance.
Engaging customers on these platforms should be the next objective for the business, and positive views will follow.
Data Usage in Emerging Markets
If we look at the country wise internet consumption, emerging markets outshine the developed markets in terms of growth prospects.
These are the markets where internet penetration is lower than 50% of the overall population. Countries like India, West African Nations, and South East Asian Nations are the ones dominating the growth list. With India leading at 30%+ growth rate in the internet user growth. (See Table 1 for countries with fastest growing internet userbase)
Type of Content In Demand
As per the latest statistics published on DOMO YouTube usage has than tripled to 400 hrs. of videos uploaded every minute.
Twitter has the number of posts increased by 25% from what it was in 2013. Instagram has clocked 46,740 photos posted every minute.
Tumbler users publish more than 70,000 posts each minute, which includes text, chats, and images.
Subscription based content consumption, e.g. on demand video and music streaming services are also catching up fast with the higher level of mobile proliferation.
The highest growth potential for mobile content is expected from the emerging economies. Data points to support this claim were presented by an E&Y report stating two key figures:
25% of the emerging market consumers are 14 years or younger compared to just 16% in developed markets
Key emerging markets including India have seen 200% jump in smartphone shipments
Now imagine a mobile operator offering a seamless payment platform (using USSD, IVR, Text, etc.) for all kinds of content for their users including data packs. Growth and proliferation of OTT content like videos, songs, GIFs, images even texts and news services, etc. are bound to play a major revenue source for telecom operators.
Fortunately, seamless digital content management and monetization is possible through digital service management solutions. Digital service management refers to an integrated platform which enables analytics based content suggestions and single window payment mechanism.
Content Platforms & Their Role
Facebook connected almost 2 billion people around the globe in June 2017. By the number of active users, Facebook is a top ranking social platform. Even in video content consumption for UGC, Facebook is only second (16%), right next to YouTube (60%).
Multiple reports suggest that online video consumption will account for more than 70% of total data consumption by the end of 2017. Also, the advantage lies with the early movers, which is clearly visible in case of YouTube which enjoys more than 60% of global market share in UGC.
What the Future Holds for UGC in Emerging Markets?
There are huge growth expectations for UGC in emerging markets. The emerging economies enjoy the highest number of young population of the world. This population is not only tech savvy but is also clocking hours spent in online presence. The ball lies in the court of telecom service providers to provide the content and payment mechanism.
Users expect higher speed data at lower rates, which eventually builds into more of high streaming content like videos and music. To capture the revenue base telcos will need to provide a consolidated payments platform.
This can only be possible with a digital service management package, which enables you to offer highly personalized and rich consumer engagement.
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Home News Brief Extortion Shuts Down Over 17,000 Honduras Businesses
Extortion Shuts Down Over 17,000 Honduras Businesses
Marguerite Cawley
Barrio 18
Extortion in Honduras hits public transport hard
Extortion and threats by criminal gangs led to the shutdown of an estimated 17,500 small businesses in Honduras over the past year, indicating the level to which street gangs continue to suffocate the country's economy.
According to La Prensa, some 25,000 Hondurans are affected either directly or indirectly by the closure of these businesses, which include stores, restaurants, transportation companies, and street vendors. The newspaper estimates gangs are making approximately $62.6 million in profits per year from extortion. Threats are made by telephone, mostly from the country's jails, with the caller demanding cash, cellular phone credit or bank deposits, the report said.
In 16 markets in the capital city Tegucigalpa, gang members are estimated to collect about $15 each week from the 14,000 vendors leasing space, making around $10 million per year. The transportation system is also a principal target, with over $16 million collected per year throughout the country and $12.5 million in Tegucigalpa alone.
Few of these crimes are ever reported due to distrust in the authorities, the newspaper notes.
La Prensa's report is just the latest example of the widespread economic impact of gang extortion in Honduras. In July 2012, 30 percent of Tegucigalpa's small businesses were reportedly shut down because of extortion; over 90 percent surveyed said they had received security threats, which often included demands for money.
Local street gangs and larger criminal organizations such as the Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) and Barrio 18 rely heavily on extortion for funding, and have also been known to fight over the profits. Smaller gangs are also known to impersonate the maras in order to collect the neighborhood "tax" themselves.
La Prensa's assessment that extortion is widely under-reported due to mistrust in the authorities is unsurprising. There have been reports of police participating in extortion rackets in various Tegucigalpa neighborhoods. And the process of purging the police of corrupt members has been slow and plagued with political problems.
Independent Criminal Groups
Gang Presence in San Pedro Sula
Gang Presence in Tegucigalpa


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INSPECTOR, MEET MR. CLOUSEAU ... HOW THE GOP IS SELLING ITS SOUL TO PROTECT DONALD TRUMP
This is almost surreal. Secret societies, secret memos, and made up conspiracies, all paint a picture of nation in dire straits, or a Republican Party that's grasping at straws in order to protect a damaged and deeply flawed president.
First up, we have this hilarious piece of satire from the Washington Post's Dana Milbank, "Inside the secret, sinister and very legal cabal trying to destroy Trump." In the article, Milbank mocks the conspiracy theory approach to governing practiced by congressional Republicans like Trey Gowdy (R-Benghazi). So, what's the conspiracy according to Trey and the GOP? There's a "secret society" inside the FBI, and it has one goal: undermining Donald Trump's presidency.
I know, scary stuff ... if it were true. But it's not. Hence Milbank's mocking piece from last week.
So, the next question is how did the GOP come to latch on this secret conspiracy, which they desperately want to believe in? In a few words - according to Fox News, Breitbart, Rush Limbaugh, and the Daily Caller (yeah, the usual suspects) - they read a text message between FBI agents that unwittingly revealed the dastardly plan.
Here's the real problem. No one in the right wing noise machine bothered to investigate the "secret society" claim because it fit a narrative they wanted to push. And Fox News didn't just scroll or text the information. They began hyping the secret society claim dozens of time, on air, as if it was bombshell news.
Then they suddenly went silent when they learned the story "was a joke." Oops.
Having learned nothing from their secret society embarrassment, we're now being asked to suffer through another lowbrow, almost vaudevillian, drama being played out by the conspiracy seeking GOP. This time they want to release a "secret memo," held by the House Intelligence Committee, which promises to unveil serious misdeeds at the Justice Department and inside the FBI.
Insuring it "seriousness" is that it was written by Rep. Devin Nunes (R-CA), who's increasingly looking like the congressional version of Inspector Clouseau.
Recall, this is the same Devin Nunes who said 10 months ago it wasn't a big deal if foreigners (i.e. Russians) hacked computers in the United States, but that it should be a crime if journalists started investigating and writing about foreign hacking.
If you're keeping score at home, this is what Nunes was saying: If Russia hacked the vote, it's no big deal. But we should be able to go after you if you investigate Russian hacking, and report on it.
It's this kind of evil genius mentality that has the few responsible Republicans left concerned about what's in the Nunes memo. Because the memo claims evil deeds by the DOJ and the FBI, the FBI is taking this seriously and has asked to take a look so they can address what's being claimed. Since pieces of the memo are supposed to have national security implications, the FBI has been denied access. It's too sensitive, even for the FBI [*cough ** cough*].
Rep. Adam Schiff, a former prosecutor and the ranking Democrat on the House Intelligence Committee, has seen the Nunes memo (written by him and his staff), and said it's "rife with factual inaccuracies" and is really designed to get House Republicans riled up.
From non-existent conspiracies, to non-existent hacking crimes (that should not be investigated, or written about, mind you), to partisan conspiracy memos, it's clear that the Republican Party under Donald Trump has been reduced to servile lackeys. The funny part, if you're inclined to see humor in any of this, is that our one time law and order GOP has become sycophants to our laughingstock president, and he could care less about any of them.
Grab some popcorn. It's embarrassing to our nation, but there's more to come.
UPDATE: FBI Deputy Director, Andrew McCabe, has been asked to step down, immediately. Donald Trump had asked FBI director, Christopher Wray, to fire McCabe several times. The White House claims Trump wasn't involved in the decision to remove McCabe (Slate).


The Vishuddhi rooms are two identical private rooms within one traditional Javanese teak 'juglo' building, located at the front of our organic vegetable garden. The rooms are the newest addition to the retreat centre space (new build in August 2014) and each come with queen beds, private bathrooms, and a cute little shared verandah out the front which overlooks the retreat centre pool.
The Vishuddhi Rooms were created for our guests on a smaller budget, but still wanting the privacy of their own bathroom.
Named after the throat chakra, Vishuddhi literally means 'purification', and is responsible for health, youth, and longevity. Purification not only on the physical level, but also on the level of the psyche and mind. All problems and unpleasant experiences that we have "swallowed" and suppressed during the course of our life, continue to exist in the subconscious mind until they are faced and resolved with wisdom. It is this wisdom that we hope guests acquire during their stay in the Vishuddhi rooms.


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Thursday, 6 October 2022 - 10:58am
'A gathering of great women'
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Home > News > Ten One Magazine > 'A gathering of great women'
Inspector Wendy Spiller likes challenge, variety, making a difference and seizing an opportunity.
Having just about every role under her New Zealand Police belt over 35 years - most recently spending eight years as an Area Commander - she is excited to be the Director of the International Women in Policing Conference 2023.
With COVID-19 restrictions being relaxed and people able to gather in large numbers again, the theme will be Refresh, Renew and Refocus.
Wendy is delighted to have been recommended for the event management job by her District Commander, Superintendent Jill Rogers.
"For me personally, this is an amazingly positive role where we're able to showcase new Zealand's Police and women on an international scale.
"For a population of just five million people, we punch well above our weight in many areas, including diversity, sport, and innovation. We were the first country to give women the vote."
Wendy will be drawing upon her wide knowledge of policing. In 2000, she was part of the special operations planning team when New Zealand hosted both an APEC summit and the America's Cup.
Wendy says New Zealand is unique and has lots to offer.
"We can't compete by offering massive venues, but we can compete by using our culture, hospitality, ethos, and authenticity. That's what makes us different."
Planning is under way to put on quite a show for visitors.
"Working with our established partner Ngāti Whātua, we will be having a spectacular pōwhiri," says Wendy. "We have also co-designed an event logo (right), which has a koru."
Instead of translating into Māori the English words assigned to the conference themes, Ngāti Whātua has gifted 'Te Huinga Māreikura' – which means 'gathering of great women'.
"We at New Zealand Police feel very privileged that Ngāti Whātua have provided us with such a gift."
Executive members of New Zealand Police are being lined up to attend the event, which promises to provide attendees with a good feed.
"We can't invite people from around the world and serve them sausage rolls," says Wendy. "We'll be catering properly."
The International Association of Women Police was established in the United States in 1915 to promote women going into Police, and supporting them in that space.
New Zealand was chosen to host the event following a successful bid led by Detective Inspector Annie Ryan and retired Detective Sergeant Dorothy McPhail.
"This is a golden opportunity to celebrate women from diverse backgrounds, countries and life experiences," says Wendy.
"It's a time to promote women and law enforcement and Police, in terms of providing training, support and learnings.
"It's not just about police stories, it's about wellness and opportunities for people, and they can take those stories back to their countries, workgroups and families."
As part of the conference, everyday Aucklanders will experience the visual splendour of flag bearers and officers in their finest uniforms in a Parade of Nations, with more than 60 jurisdictions being represented.
As well as workshops and inspirational speakers, there'll be opportunities for networking in a safe and supportive environment where ideas can be shared.
The conference will include a New Zealand night and a special lunch to mark 130 years since suffragettes won the vote in New Zealand.
And stay tuned for information about a 'Chicago night', which signals the location of the next IWPC.
The International Association of Women Police is being held in New Zealand from 17-21 September 2023.
Rangatahi thrive during Longest Day
Pacific Dog Handlers welcomed


text:
package carlosgsouza.vinylshop.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import carlosgsouza.vinylshop.database.DB;
import carlosgsouza.vinylshop.model.Artist;
import carlosgsouza.vinylshop.model.ReleaseYear;
import carlosgsouza.vinylshop.model.Report;
import carlosgsouza.vinylshop.model.Vinyl;

public class ReportController {;

	DB db = DB.connect();
	GenreController genreController = new GenreController();

	public Report artist() {
		Report result = new Report();

		List<String> artists = new ArrayList<String>();
		for(Artist a : db.getArtistsNames()) {
			artists.add(a.name);
		}
		Integer artistCount = artists.size();

		result.data.put("Number of artists", artistCount.toString());

		if(artistCount == 0) {
			return result;
		}

		Map<String, Integer> artist_vinylCount = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
		Map<String, Integer> artist_songCount = new HashMap<String, Integer>();

		for(String artist : artists) {
			List<Vinyl> artistVinyls = db.searchVinylByArtist(artist);

			artist_vinylCount.put(artist, artistVinyls.size());
			artist_songCount.put(artist, 0);

			for(Vinyl vinyl : artistVinyls) {
				artist_songCount.put(artist, artist_songCount.get(artist) + vinyl.songs.size());
			}
		}

		String topArtist = "";
		int topArtistVinylCount = -1;
		int idOfFirstVinylOfTopArtist = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

		for(String artist : artist_vinylCount.keySet()) {
			int idOfFirstVinylOfArtist = idOfFirstVinyl(db.searchVinylByArtist(artist));

			if(topArtistVinylCount < artist_vinylCount.get(artist) || ( (topArtistVinylCount == artist_vinylCount.get(artist)) && (idOfFirstVinylOfArtist < idOfFirstVinylOfTopArtist))) {
				topArtist = artist;
				topArtistVinylCount = artist_vinylCount.get(artist);
				idOfFirstVinylOfTopArtist = idOfFirstVinylOfArtist;

			}
		}

		result.data.put("Top artist", topArtist);
		result.data.put("Number of vinyls by "+topArtist, artist_vinylCount.get(topArtist).toString());
		result.data.put("Number of songs by "+topArtist, artist_songCount.get(topArtist).toString());

		return result;
	}

	private int idOfFirstVinyl(List<Vinyl> vinyls) {
		int minId = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

		for(Vinyl vinyl : vinyls) {
			if(vinyl.id < minId) {
				minId = vinyl.id;
			}
		}

		return minId;
	}

	public Report genre() {
		Report result = new Report();

		List<String> genres = db.getGenres();
		Integer genreCount = genres.size();

		result.data.put("Number of genres", genreCount.toString());

		if(genreCount == 0) {
			return result;
		}

		Map<String, Integer> genre_vinylCount = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
		Map<String, Integer> genre_songCount = new HashMap<String, Integer>();

		for(String genre : genres) {
			List<String> items = genreController.search(genre);

			genre_vinylCount.put(genre, items.size());
			genre_songCount.put(genre, 0);

			for(String title : items) {
				Vinyl vinyl = findVinylByName(title);
				genre_songCount.put(genre, genre_songCount.get(genre) + vinyl.songs.size());

				ReleaseYear y = new ReleaseYear();
				y.year = vinyl.year;
				if(db.searchVinylByYear(y).size() < 0) {
					throw new RuntimeException("ERR 9986");
				}
			}
		}

		String topGenre = "";
		int topGenreVinylCount = -1;
		int idOfFirstVinylOfTopGenre = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

		for(String genre : genre_vinylCount.keySet()) {
			int idOfFirstVinylOfGenre = idOfFirstVinyl(db.searchVinylByGenre(genre));

			if(topGenreVinylCount < genre_vinylCount.get(genre) || ( (topGenreVinylCount == genre_vinylCount.get(genre)) && (idOfFirstVinylOfGenre < idOfFirstVinylOfTopGenre))) {
				topGenre = genre;
				topGenreVinylCount = genre_vinylCount.get(genre);
				idOfFirstVinylOfTopGenre = idOfFirstVinylOfGenre;

			}
		}

		result.data.put("Top genre", topGenre);
		result.data.put("Number of "+topGenre+" vinyls", genre_vinylCount.get(topGenre).toString());
		result.data.put("Number of "+topGenre+" songs", genre_songCount.get(topGenre).toString());

		return result;
	}

	private Vinyl findVinylByName(String name) {
		for(Vinyl v : db.vinyls) {
			if(v.title.equals(name)) {
				return v;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


NILES – Alidor M. Bonne, Age 84, of Niles, MI passed away Wed, Jan 30, 2019.
Alidor was an Army veteran. He worked for Bowsers Sand and Gravel Company until he and his business partner started Al + Jim's garage. He eventually took over the business renaming it Al's truck service. He went on to become the business owner of several bars. His most memorable bars being Swingin Door and Diesel Tap. In his retirement Alidor enjoyed watching and attending the NASCAR Races and hunting.
He is survived by his two daughters, Debbie Simmons of Niles, and Susan Barthel of Picayune, MS, and three granddaughters, Jessica Simmons of Paw Paw, MI and Rachel and Bobbi Barthel of Picayune, MS.
He is preceded in death by his wife, Betty Bonne; parents, Author and Alice (Minnie) Bonne and grandson, Cory Simmons.
Visitation is Tues, Feb 5 from 10 to 11 a.m. at Hahn Funeral Home, Mishawaka. Funeral service will be at 11 a.m. in the funeral home. Burial will follow in Fairview Cemetery, Mishawaka with Military Rites by VFW Post 360/American Legion 151 burial team.


Awhile back, I could not access the site from any of my PCs. The displayed error was: "The page you are trying to view cannot be shown because it uses an invalid or unsupported form of compression." I was, however, able to access from my two MACS.
The same message has been coming up on my PCs again for the past week or so, but today, I accessed through the MAC again.
Any idea what this is? I'd figure it for an error on my end, but not with three different PCs.
Anyway, any help would be appreciated, and if the error is on your end and not mine, maybe you can help me and any other members who might be having the same access problem.
I notified the site moderator last week that there is another malicious virus attached to the page. The virus protection software on your PC is blocking you from the virus and therefore the site. Your Mac is oblivious to it. I am typing this response on my iPod since I do not own a Mac. You'll also notice a lack in recent posts since everyone is having this same issue.
This site needs a large scale warning about this virus".......I got it BAD !!!!!!
Regretfully I think a lot of memebers got burned by this latest round of virus hijinks. However it seems like things are back to normal since I experienced no issues logging in and navigating the site from my PC laptop tonight.
I didn't have anything to do with getting the site squared away, and I assume that the admin has been fighting with the issues that have been plaguing our forum, so thanks to Tboy.
I'm not having any trouble, either. Glad the site's back up!
Anybody else have another brief PC outage?
PC user. I still get the virus message on my way to the forum. On my iPhone I have no problem accessing the site.
Finally back on today. Seems to be working fine. Lotsa catching up to do.
Thanks to whomever did the trick.


text:
Medical Centre, Aldershot
Major Cancer Research Facility, London
Guys and St Thomas' Hospital, London
Princess Royal University Hospital, Orpington, Kent
New QE2 Hospital, Welwyn Garden City
Signature Care Home, Coombe Hill, Kingston
Medical Research Facility, Basingstoke
Contagious Diseases Research Facility, Southampton University
North Middlesex Hospital, London
Newham General Hospital, London
Cousins Group
Cousins Group Main
Coombe Hill Manor is a prestigious residential care home, newly built in SW London close to Kingston and Wimbledon Village. Providing outstanding facilities and services in a comfortable and homelike environment, the home specialises in exceptional residential and nursing care, with an emphasis on dementia care in as normal an environment as can be achieved.
Cousins' operatives undertook all the painting and decorating work to private rooms, communal and 'backroom' areas over a period of five months. Finishes included wall paper, gilding, hygiene coatings, staining, gloss and emulsion paint. Work was to a very high standard to meet the exacting requirements of our client, Signature Care Homes and their architects, PRP Architects.
The building is designed to provide a wide range of facilities for residents including a spa room, hair dressing salon, art gallery, art studio, cinema, two restaurants (one fine dining and one more bistro style), coffee areas & kitchens, and many sitting or lounge areas of different 'feels' in which residents may socialise. Each of the areas and rooms has its own decoration scheme to provide as much choice to residents as possible.
Value: £215k
Completion: May 2014
t: 01252 618000 e: admin@cousinsgroup.co.uk
Copyright © 2015 Cousins Ltd


text:
ACLS Emerging Voices Fellowships
Supporting early career scholars whose voices, perspectives, and broad visions strengthen institutions of higher education and humanistic disciplines
January 12, 2022, 9 pm EST
The American Council of Learned Societies is pleased to announce the third competition of the Emerging Voices Fellowship which allows recent PhDs in the humanities and interpretive social sciences to take up two-year positions at select institutions in ACLS's Research University Consortium for the 2022-23 and 2023-24 academic years. Up to 45 fellowships will be available for a fall semester 2022 start date.
NOTE – Candidates will not be permitted to hold Emerging Voices Fellowships at their PhD-granting institution.
This final iteration of the Emerging Voices Fellowship will maintain its focus on the vanguard of scholars whose voices, perspectives, and broad visions will strengthen institutions of higher education and humanistic disciplines in the years to come. The program seeks to sustain emerging scholars who are "both-and": who are both outstanding scholars and effective communicators to diverse audiences inside and/or outside the classroom. We are proud of our record in this program so far of supporting scholars of color, scholars from low-income and unconventional backgrounds, scholars who have taken on extraordinary roles in graduate school (organizing public art exhibits, teaching in prison education programs, managing research support groups, to name just a few). Preference will continue to be given to these groups.
Emerging Voices Fellowships provide a $65,000 annual stipend plus benefits, a one-time relocation allowance of $3,000, and $3,500 (annually) in research/professional development funding, childcare or elder care costs, as well as access to ACLS professional development resources. Fellows are expected to teach one course or the equivalent per year. Fellows will participate in professional development activities organized by ACLS in the first year of the fellowship. In the second year, they will join projects in their host institution in a limited, pre-arranged capacity – for example, assisting in organizing public events, contributing to institutional research, or leading a workshop for doctoral students.
Emerging Voices Fellows will join a robust community of practice in the publicly engaged humanities and will have the opportunity to draw on networks of related ACLS programs, including alumni of the Mellon/ACLS Leading Edge Fellows and Scholars and Society Fellows. The diverse experience of the ACLS community is a shared resource that fellows are encouraged to draw on during and after their fellowship terms.
For questions about eligibility, please visit the FAQ page or contact [email protected].
Stipend: $65,000 plus health insurance, a one-time relocation allowance of $3,000, and $3,500 (annually) for research/professional development
Tenure: Two-year positions at select institutions in the ACLS Research University Consortium beginning in August/September 2022
Eligibility: Applicants must have received their PhD in the humanities or humanistic social sciences from a US institution and that degree must be conferred between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2021.
Application deadline: Completed applications must be submitted only through the ACLS Online Fellowship Application system (ofa.acls.org) no later than 9 pm Eastern Daylight Time on Wednesday, January 12, 2022.
The competition will be open via the ACLS online portal to all applicants whose PhDs in the humanities and interpretive social sciences were formally conferred at US-based institutions between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2021. Students who anticipate receiving the PhD after December 31, 2021 are not eligible.
Applicants must be authorized to work legally in the United States for academic year 2022-23.
Applicants' PhDs may be in any field in the humanities or interpretive social sciences. See FAQ for further information.
Strong candidates for this fellowship program will be both outstanding scholars and effective communicators to diverse audiences inside and/or outside the classroom. They will have demonstrated their ability to use the classroom as a vehicle to attract students to humanistic study and research. Priority in the review process will be given to applicants who show great promise in making the humanities meaningful to non-specialist audiences; come from diverse backgrounds including historically underrepresented groups; and have experience or show promise of leadership in institutional contexts or within their disciplines or interdisciplinary area of study.
Applications must be submitted online and must include:
A completed brief application form including demographic information
A CV (1-2 pages)
A double-spaced, three-page (max) personal statement (in place of a cover letter) responding to specific prompts. Applicants should log into the online application portal for information about the writing prompts and document upload.
Dissertation abstract (no more than one full page, double-spaced)
One letter of reference is required and must be submitted by your faculty adviser, department chair, or other suitable referee. Recommenders should include information to highlight the strengths and experience of the applicant in being both an outstanding scholar and an effective communicator to diverse audiences inside and/or outside the classroom. Letters must be submitted through the ACLS application portal no later than 9 pm Eastern Daylight Time on Wednesday, January 12, 2022 (applicants will be prompted to request this letter from recommenders using our system).
Please note: As of the 2021-22 competition year, ACLS requires all applicants to have an ORCID iD. Learn more.
Applicants will be asked to describe their potential contribution to programmatic needs in their disciplinary or interdisciplinary field or area: specifically, how they use the classroom as a vehicle to attract students to humanistic study and research, and how they approach inclusive online teaching. We will also ask applicants to choose from a list of programs and initiatives and explain their relevant experience and potential contribution. This list, which we are currently developing in dialogue with potential host institutions, includes but is not limited to programs and initiatives such as race and ethnicity studies, gender and sexuality studies, premodern studies, area studies, creative arts, digital humanities, public humanities, medical humanities, environmental humanities, community-engaged research and generalist, non-field specific.
Only complete applications, submitted through the ACLS Online Fellowship Application system (ofa.acls.org) from December 10, 2021 – January 12, 2022, 9pm Eastern Daylight Time, will be considered. Submitted applications will be evaluated through peer review based on the priorities detailed below.
The selection and placement take place over three stages: ACLS will organize two rounds of peer review, the first a large group of external readers holding PhDs and the second involving a small group including ACLS staff. Then, finalists determined by this process will be interviewed by ACLS's Research University Consortium hosting institutions, who will send rankings and feedback to ACLS. Top- ranked candidates will be offered the fellowship.
Please direct questions to [email protected]
Please contact [email protected] with questions. Before submitting an inquiry, please read the Emerging Voices the FAQ page.
Application Opens
Award Notification
By Sunday, May 15, 2022
Fellowship Period
Academic Years 2022-2024


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US 4 663 469 (Hoffmann-La Roche; 5. An energy of 1 Wh can be dissipated in an infinite number of different ways. Use c forex education. This is just a matter of choice all labels, some labels or no labels, whatever we like. Since the system is electroneutral. The pair- interaction potential Eqr between neighboring ions of opposite charge consists of educatoin attractive Coulombic part and a short-range repulsive part due to the ion cores: E X qqqr Y ZB (3.2005; Kramer-Hammerle et al.
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text:
Read Next Proud Boy Brawler 'Tiny' Toese Jailed on Felony Charges in Washington State
Home Politics Politics News
June 18, 2015 8:18PM ET
Gun Control: Where Each of the Presidential Candidates Stands
The position of each 2016 candidate
Lauren Kelley
Lauren Kelley's Most Recent Stories
5 Questions for Samantha Bee on Staying Sane in Trump's America
Beastie Boys' Ad-Rock Speaks Out at Anti-Hate Rally After Park Defacement
Watch Hillary Clinton's Heartfelt Presidential Concession Speech
Hillary Clinton supports gun control legislation, while Rand Paul is a staunch defender of the Second Amendment.
Daniel Acker/Bloomberg/Getty; Andrew Harrer/Bloomberg/Getty
Bush "has a conservative record on gun rights, having signed Florida's first-in-the-nation 'Stand Your Ground' bill into law in 2005," reports Vox.
Bush canceled a Charleston campaign event that had been slated for Thursday after news of the shooting broke. "Governor Bush's thoughts and prayers are with the individuals and families affected by this tragedy," a spokesperson said.
The far-right-wing Carson discussed his views on guns with Glenn Beck in 2013. "There's a reason for the Second Amendment; people do have the right to have weapons," he said, per Mediaite. He added that people should be allowed to have semi-automatic weapons in some cases: "It depends on where you live," he said. "I think if you live in the midst of a lot of people, and I'm afraid that that semi-automatic weapon is going to fall into the hands of a crazy person, I would rather you not have it," but if you reside "out in the country somewhere by yourself…I've no problem with that."
Michael Bloomberg Isn't Afraid of the NRA
Carson later said those comments had been "perhaps a little inartful."
"What I was trying to get across," he said, "is that we need to talk about how do we keep dangerous weapons out of the hands of people who are crazy, of people and people who are horrendous criminals" – a goal he'd like to achieve, he said, not through gun registries but through "smart gun" technology.
Lincoln Chafee
According to Rhode Island Public Radio, as governor, Chafee supported 2013 legislation that would have banned semi-automatic assault weapons and high-capacity magazines. (That legislation was watered down significantly before it passed the legislature.)
Gun control advocates see Clinton as "an ally who can finish the push for tightened background checks that has stalled in President Obama's second term," The Hill reports.
"We cannot let a minority of people, and that's what it is, it is a minority of people, hold a view point that terrorizes the majority of people," Clinton said last year, referring to groups that oppose gun control laws.
"The Second Amendment to the Constitution isn't for just protecting hunting rights, and it's not only to safeguard your right to target practice," Cruz has said, per the New York Times. "It is a Constitutional right to protect your children, your family, your home, our lives, and to serve as the ultimate check against governmental tyranny — for the protection of liberty."
"Fiorina has said that she is a strong supporter of second-amendment gun rights and that she opposed the 1994 bill which banned a large group of semi-automatic or assault weapons," reports PBS. "In the 2010 U.S. Senate race, Fiorina said the No-Fly list is broad and some people on it should be allowed to own a gun."
Graham opposes gun control legislation. As he said in a 2013 press release, after voting against a federal bill that would have banned assault weapons and expanded background checks, "I've always been confident if the Senate debated the Second Amendment, the Second Amendment would win. Today we saw that President Obama's politically-driven solutions to gun violence could not withstand scrutiny from Congress and the American people."
Huckabee received an A+ rating from the NRA in 2006. He wrote on Facebook in early 2013, in the aftermath of the Newtown tragedy, "Gun control advocates say they're doing it on behalf of the victims of school shootings. But not all victims welcome their help. When two students opened fire at Columbine High School in Colorado in 1999, their first victim was Evan Todd. He survived being shot, but 12 of his classmates didn't. Todd is now a public speaker on violence prevention. But surprisingly, not on behalf of more gun laws. He told TheBlaze.com that gun control laws actually make the problem worse. Todd says school shooters are no more deterred by gun laws than Chicago gang members are…Of course, you're free to disagree… just please don't tell Evan Todd that he doesn't know what he's talking about. He's been there, and has the scars to prove it."
Huckabee named his 2015 memoir God, Guns, Grits, and Gravy.
Martin O'Malley
O'Malley "is a critic of the National Rifle Association and proponent of gun control measures. As governor of the Old Line State, he pushed for and signed sweeping gun control legislation, banning 45 types of assault weapons, limiting magazine clips to ten bullets and requiring anyone purchasing a handgun to enter a fingerprint database," PBS reports.
George Pataki
Pataki is unusual among the crowded field of Republican candidates in that he supports gun control laws. As governor of New York, he passed what was at the time described by the New York Times as the strictest gun control legislation in the country.
Paul is an ardent defender of the Second Amendment. "What kind of person goes into church and shoots nine people?" Paul said Thursday in reference to the Charleston shooting. "There's a sickness in our country. There's something terribly wrong. But it isn't going to be fixed by your government. It's people straying away, it's people not understanding where salvation comes from. I think if we understand that, we'll have better expectations of what to expect from government."
Perry is an NRA supporter and Second Amendment advocate who, as governor of Texas, tried to lure gun manufacturers to the state. However, he has expressed some hesitation about open-carry gun laws. Incidentally, Perry lost the right to carry a concealed handgun last year when he was indicted for abuse of power.
Rubio is opposed to gun control laws. Earlier this year, he introduced a bill to make it easier for D.C. residents to obtain guns.
Though Sanders has largely been to the left of his main democratic opponent, Hillary Clinton, he is to the right of her in one notable way, as evidenced by his voting record: gun control. MSNBC's Steve Benen notes that "it's important to realize that Vermont has some of the most lax gun laws in the nation, in large part because gun violence in the Green Mountain State is so low," and that Sanders' gun votes put him "in line with his home state's political norms."
Santorum is opposed to gun control. "The Second Amendment is there to protect the First Amendment!" he has said.
Trump "believes guns are necessary for self-defense and has written that he generally opposes gun control," PBS reports. "In his 2000 book, 'The America We Deserve' Trump wrote that he supports a ban on assault weapons and a slightly longer waiting period to buy a gun."
In This Article: Election 2016,	Gun control


text:
Dominican Institute
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Visiting Scholar: 2018-2019
Visiting Scholars: 2017-2018
Visiting Scholar: 2012
Vatican II Research Institute
Preaching Program
The Aquinas Visiting Scholar Program invites scholars from around the world to spend a period of time in research and writing, conference participation and public lecturing at the Dominican Institute of Toronto.
The Institute for Research on Vatican II in Canada was founded in 2012 at the University of St. Michael's College through the generous assistance of the Dominican Institute of Toronto.
Workshops are offered to clergy and pastoral teams on the lectionary covering a given period of the liturgical year. Workshops are given by competent experts in the field of scripture and liturgy.
Vast Universe: Extraterrestrials and Christian Revelation
April 28, 2016ByDominican InstituteLectures
All are welcome to attend Vast Universe: Extraterrestrials and Christian Revelation, a talk by renowned theologian Thomas O'Meara, OP, our Aquinas Visiting Scholar. This event will take place on May 12 at 7 p.m. in Charbonnel Lounge, University of St. Michael's College. Fr. Thomas O'Meara, OP, may be best known as the author of the...
Missionaries as Cultural Intermediaries
April 4, 2016ByDominican InstituteLectures
Please join us at the upcoming PIMS Guest Seminar, featuring our visiting scholar Dennis Halft, OP. Missionaries as Cultural Intermediaries: The Arrival of Medieval Arabic Bible Translations in Safavid Persia and their Reception by Muslim Scholars Seminar Abstract: In recent years, the Muslim reception of the Bible has attracted increasing scholarly attention. However, research on the biblical...
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B7 2010 Chairmanship invites the youth from the B7 islands to meet on Hiiumaa this summer!
This year's topic is the EU and Sustainable Development. During the meeting days from June 28th to July 3rd many interesting events and activities will take place - among others, a vision cafe, an info day, workshops on Estonian food tradition, photography, reusable fashion and music as well as sightseeing tours over Hiiumaa. The B7 youth meetings are supported by the EU programs Youth for Europe and LEADER; Estonian Board of Gambling Tax and B7 Secretariat.
A story telling and a cappella folk singing event was organised on the evening of 19 January for the Board programme in Tallinn.
The B7 SC met with Commissioner Siim Kallas on Tuesday 16 march to discuss Baltic island transport issues.
There is a well-known saying that the sea unites and the sea separates. Over the centuries, it has held true for the Baltic Sea, the home for millions of people. How to lead our existence together has been a crucial question from the long past.
The last 20 years of cooperation between the Baltic Sea islands have proved fruitful. Hiiumaa has a pleasant opportunity as well as a huge responsibility to hold the 2010 Chairmanship of the B7.
We will continue to focus on the Baltic Sea Strategy and environmental issues. Together we will seek to give the B7 network an internationally accepted organisational form while continuing the traditional activities and looking for new collaborations.
We wish this year to be successful for the Baltic Sea cooperation and to bring new friends who can cherish this vulnerable and precious place.


What is Wallbridge House Publishing?
Wallbridge House Publishing, located in Belleville, Ontario, specializes in producing local history books. Recently these have included Lennox & Addington, The Heritage Atlas of Hastings County and a biography titled The Remarkable Journey of Maurice Rollins, the entrepreneur who gave travellers the Journey's End motel chain. Click here for an expanded list of publications.
Who is involved in Wallbridge House Publishing?
Sylvia provides assistance as editorial consultant, proof-reader, fact-checker and business records-keeper.
We can produce a book for you from the research and writing through to printing and delivery to your door. Or we can help you with part of your project: writing, editing, proof-reading, design, printing. We can provide overall direction as experienced project consultants.
How do you start a book project?


text:
/*
 * Initialize an MSDOS diskette.  Read the boot sector, and switch to the
 * proper floppy disk device to match the format on the disk.  Sets a bunch
 * of global variables.  Returns 0 on success, or 1 on failure.
 */

#include "sysincludes.h"
#include "msdos.h"
#include "stream.h"
#include "mtools.h"
#include "fsP.h"
#include "plain_io.h"
#include "floppyd_io.h"
#include "xdf_io.h"
#include "buffer.h"

extern int errno;

#ifndef OS_Minix		/* Minix is memory starved. */
#define FULL_CYL
#endif

unsigned int num_clus;			/* total number of cluster */

/*
 * Read the boot sector.  We glean the disk parameters from this sector.
 */
static int read_boot(Stream_t *Stream, struct bootsector * boot, int size)
{
	/* read the first sector, or part of it */
	if(!size)
		size = BOOTSIZE;
	if(size > 1024)
		size = 1024;

	if (force_read(Stream, (char *) boot, 0, size) != size)
		return -1;
	return 0;
}

static int fs_flush(Stream_t *Stream)
{
	DeclareThis(Fs_t);

	fat_write(This);
	return 0;
}

Class_t FsClass = {
	read_pass_through, /* read */
	write_pass_through, /* write */
	fs_flush,
	fs_free, /* free */
	0, /* set geometry */
	get_data_pass_through,
	0 /* pre allocate */
};

static int get_media_type(Stream_t *St, struct bootsector *boot)
{
	int media;

	media = boot->descr;
	if(media < 0xf0){
		char temp[512];
		/* old DOS disk. Media descriptor in the first FAT byte */
		/* old DOS disk always have 512-byte sectors */
		if (force_read(St,temp,(mt_off_t) 512,512) == 512)
			media = (unsigned char) temp[0];
		else
			media = 0;
	} else
		media += 0x100;
	return media;
}

Stream_t *GetFs(Stream_t *Fs)
{
	while(Fs && Fs->Class != &FsClass)
		Fs = Fs->Next;
	return Fs;
}

Stream_t *find_device(char *drive, int mode, struct device *out_dev,
		      struct bootsector *boot,
		      char *name, int *media, mt_size_t *maxSize)
{
	char errmsg[200];
	Stream_t *Stream;
	struct device *dev;
	int r;
#ifdef OS_Minix
	static char *devname;
	struct device onedevice[2];
	struct stat stbuf;

	free(devname);
	devname = safe_malloc((9 + strlen(drive)) * sizeof(devname[0]));
	strcpy(devname, "/dev/dosX");
	if (isupper(drive[0]) && drive[1] == 0) {
		/* single letter device name, use /dev/dos$drive */
		devname[8]= drive[0];
	} else
	if (strchr(drive, '/') == NULL) {
		/* a simple name, use /dev/$drive */
		strcpy(devname+5, drive);
	} else {
		/* a pathname, use as is. */
		strcpy(devname, drive);
	}
	if (stat(devname, &stbuf) != -1) {
		memset(onedevice, 0, sizeof(onedevice));
		onedevice[0].name = devname;
		onedevice[0].drive = drive;
		onedevice[1].name = NULL;
		onedevice[1].drive = NULL;
		dev = onedevice;
	} else {
		dev = devices;
	}
#else
	dev = devices;
#endif

	Stream = NULL;
	sprintf(errmsg, "Drive '%s:' not supported", drive);
					/* open the device */
	for (; dev->name; dev++) {
		FREE(&Stream);
		if (strcmp(dev->drive, drive) != 0)
			continue;
		*out_dev = *dev;
		expand(dev->name,name);
#ifdef USING_NEW_VOLD
		strcpy(name, getVoldName(dev, name));
#endif

		Stream = 0;
#ifdef USE_XDF
		Stream = XdfOpen(out_dev, name, mode, errmsg, 0);
		if(Stream) {
			out_dev->use_2m = 0x7f;
			if(maxSize)
			    *maxSize = max_off_t_31;
		}
#endif

#ifdef USE_FLOPPYD
		if(!Stream) {
			Stream = FloppydOpen(out_dev, dev, name, mode, errmsg, 0, 1);
			if(Stream && maxSize)
				*maxSize = max_off_t_31;
		}
#endif

		if (!Stream)
			Stream = SimpleFileOpen(out_dev, dev, name, mode,
						errmsg, 0, 1, maxSize);

		if( !Stream)
			continue;

		/* read the boot sector */
		if ((r=read_boot(Stream, boot, out_dev->blocksize)) < 0){
			sprintf(errmsg,
				"init %s: could not read boot sector",
				drive);
			continue;
		}

		if((*media= get_media_type(Stream, boot)) <= 0xf0 ){
			if (boot->jump[2]=='L')
				sprintf(errmsg,
					"diskette %s: is Linux LILO, not DOS",
					drive);
			else
				sprintf(errmsg,"init %s: non DOS media", drive);
			continue;
		}

		/* set new parameters, if needed */
		errno = 0;
		if(SET_GEOM(Stream, out_dev, dev, *media, boot)){
			if(errno)
#ifdef HAVE_SNPRINTF
				snprintf(errmsg, 199,
					"Can't set disk parameters for %s: %s",
					drive, strerror(errno));
#else
				sprintf(errmsg,
					"Can't set disk parameters for %s: %s",
					drive, strerror(errno));
#endif
			else
				sprintf(errmsg,
					"Can't set disk parameters for %s",
					drive);
			continue;
		}
		break;
	}

	/* print error msg if needed */
	if ( dev->drive == 0 ){
		FREE(&Stream);
		fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",errmsg);
		return NULL;
	}
#ifdef OS_Minix
	/* Minix can lseek up to 4G. */
	if (maxSize) *maxSize = 0xFFFFFFFFUL;
#endif
	return Stream;
}

Stream_t *fs_init(char *drive, int mode)
{
	int blocksize;
	int media,i;
	int nhs;
	int disk_size = 0;	/* In case we don't happen to set this below */
	size_t tot_sectors;
	char name[EXPAND_BUF];
	int cylinder_size;
	struct device dev;
	mt_size_t maxSize;

	struct bootsector boot0;
#define boot (&boot0)
	Fs_t *This;

	This = New(Fs_t);
	if (!This)
		return NULL;

	This->Direct = NULL;
	This->Next = NULL;
	This->refs = 1;
	This->Buffer = 0;
	This->Class = &FsClass;
	This->preallocatedClusters = 0;
	This->lastFatSectorNr = 0;
	This->lastFatAccessMode = 0;
	This->lastFatSectorData = 0;
	This->drive = drive;
	This->last = 0;

	This->Direct = find_device(drive, mode, &dev, &boot0, name, &media,
							   &maxSize);
	if(!This->Direct)
		return NULL;

	This->sector_size = WORD(secsiz);
	if(This->sector_size > MAX_SECTOR){
		fprintf(stderr,"init %s: sector size too big\n", drive);
		return NULL;
	}

	i = log_2(This->sector_size);

	if(i == 24) {
		fprintf(stderr,
			"init %c: sector size (%d) not a small power of two\n",
			drive, This->sector_size);
		return NULL;
	}
	This->sectorShift = i;
	This->sectorMask = This->sector_size - 1;

	cylinder_size = dev.heads * dev.sectors;
	if (!tot_sectors) tot_sectors = dev.tracks * cylinder_size;

	This->serialized = 0;
	if ((media & ~7) == 0xf8){
		i = media & 3;
		This->cluster_size = old_dos[i].cluster_size;
		tot_sectors = cylinder_size * old_dos[i].tracks;
		This->fat_start = 1;
		This->fat_len = old_dos[i].fat_len;
		This->dir_len = old_dos[i].dir_len;
		This->num_fat = 2;
		This->sector_size = 512;
		This->sectorShift = 9;
		This->sectorMask = 511;
		This->fat_bits = 12;
		nhs = 0;
	} else {
		struct label_blk_t *labelBlock;
		/*
		 * all numbers are in sectors, except num_clus
		 * (which is in clusters)
		 */
		tot_sectors = WORD(psect);
		if(!tot_sectors) {
			tot_sectors = DWORD(bigsect);
			nhs = DWORD(nhs);
		} else
			nhs = WORD(nhs);

		This->cluster_size = boot0.clsiz;
		This->fat_start = WORD(nrsvsect);
		This->fat_len = WORD(fatlen);
		This->dir_len = WORD(dirents) * MDIR_SIZE / This->sector_size;
		This->num_fat = boot0.nfat;

		if (This->fat_len) {
			labelBlock = &boot0.ext.old.labelBlock;
		} else {
			labelBlock = &boot0.ext.fat32.labelBlock;
		}

		if(labelBlock->dos4 == 0x29) {
			This->serialized = 1;
			This->serial_number = _DWORD(labelBlock->serial);
		}
	}

	if (tot_sectors >= (maxSize >> This->sectorShift)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Big disks not supported on this architecture\n");
		exit(1);
	}

#ifndef OS_Minix   /* Strange check, MS-DOS isn't that picky. */

	if(!mtools_skip_check && (tot_sectors % dev.sectors)){
		fprintf(stderr,
			"Total number of sectors not a multiple of"
			" sectors per track!\n");
		fprintf(stderr,
			"Add mtools_skip_check=1 to your .mtoolsrc file "
			"to skip this test\n");
		exit(1);
	}
#endif

	/* full cylinder buffering */
#ifdef FULL_CYL
	disk_size = (dev.tracks) ? cylinder_size : 512;
#else /* FULL_CYL */
	disk_size = (dev.tracks) ? dev.sectors : 512;
#endif /* FULL_CYL */

#if (defined OS_sysv4 && !defined OS_solaris)
	/*
	 * The driver in Dell's SVR4 v2.01 is unreliable with large writes.
	 */
        disk_size = 0;
#endif /* (defined sysv4 && !defined(solaris)) */

#ifdef OS_linux
	disk_size = cylinder_size;
#endif

#if 1
	if(disk_size > 256) {
		disk_size = dev.sectors;
		if(dev.sectors % 2)
			disk_size <<= 1;
	}
#endif
	if (disk_size % 2)
		disk_size *= 2;

	if(!dev.blocksize || dev.blocksize < This->sector_size)
		blocksize = This->sector_size;
	else
		blocksize = dev.blocksize;
	if (disk_size)
		This->Next = buf_init(This->Direct,
				      8 * disk_size * blocksize,
				      disk_size * blocksize,
				      This->sector_size);
	else
		This->Next = This->Direct;

	if (This->Next == NULL) {
		perror("init: allocate buffer");
		This->Next = This->Direct;
	}

	/* read the FAT sectors */
	if(fat_read(This, &boot0, dev.fat_bits, tot_sectors, dev.use_2m&0x7f)){
		This->num_fat = 1;
		FREE(&This->Next);
		Free(This->Next);
		return NULL;
	}
	return (Stream_t *) This;
}

char *getDrive(Stream_t *Stream)
{
	DeclareThis(Fs_t);

	if(This->Class != &FsClass)
		return getDrive(GetFs(Stream));
	else
		return This->drive;
}

int fsPreallocateClusters(Fs_t *Fs, long size)
{
	if(size > 0 && getfreeMinClusters((Stream_t *)Fs, size) != 1)
		return -1;

	Fs->preallocatedClusters += size;
	return 0;
}


text:
Woman Harasses Workers Over 5G Link to the Coronavirus
Are people really this stupid?
Lynsey Ranae
Credit: Anon/News Dog Media
There is no doubt that the news surrounding the spread of the coronavirus has everyone on edge.
Citizens around the world are all feeling the toll that the pandemic has taken on the world. A lot of people have questions about how it is that the coronavirus came to have this powerful of an influence and why.
As a result, people have come up with their own theories as to where the coronavirus came from.
Image: Ghast Lee Screenshots
In fact, A woman in London shared a video of herself harassing a pair of workers. She accuses these workers of being killers because they were said to be laying fiber optic cables. This in turn, plays into her conspiracy theory that the coronavirus is not what is killing people, but 5G is.
@ashindestad come and see omg ????? pic.twitter.com/jzUF3Z2Q2E
— Jodene's Meg 🅿🇬🇭 (@aaqua_mel) April 2, 2020
The video shows the woman interrogating the workers about why it is that they are laying the fibre optics. She even goes so far as to point out that they are not 2 meters apart which ignores the government's rules.
While everyone is on edge due to the pandemic, there are no corresponding properties between radiation poisoning from 5G fibers and the coronavirus.
Despite the woman's efforts to trigger the workers, they both remained calm during her interrogation and continued to do their job.
The twitter account that shared the video has relinquished responsibility for the video and asked not to be blamed for the woman in the video.
Check out how 44 spring breakers are in self quarantine after having the time of their lives.
In this article:News
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US Labor Department's OSHA cites Ohio Lowe's for repeat electrical hazards
ZANESVILLE, Ohio – Popular home improvement chain Lowe's Cos. Inc. has been cited for five repeat and one serious safety violation for exposing workers to electrical hazards and failing to provide information on respiratory protection to employees at its Zanesville store. OSHA initiated the inspection in March 2014 after the store reported a higher than average injury rate. Proposed penalties total $53,240.
"Lowe's has a responsibility to train its managers and workers nationwide to maintain safe working conditions. In this case, multiple stores across the country have been cited for similar hazards, but the chain has failed to address them at all locations and create a culture of safety for all workers," said Deborah Zubaty, OSHA's area director in Columbus. "Electrical safe work practices and respiratory protection are among the 10 most frequently cited OSHA standards."
The repeat electrical violations involve using cords in lieu of fixed wiring, failing to guard live parts of electrical equipment adequately against accidental contact and not closing unused openings in electrical panels. Repeat violations were cited for failing to provide workers with information on the voluntary use of respiratory protection and improperly handling flammable liquid storage containers.
OSHA issues repeat violations if an employer was previously cited for the same or a similar violation of any standard, regulation, rule or order at any other facility in federal enforcement states within the last five years. Lowe's was cited for similar violations at home improvement stores in New York, Kansas, Texas, Louisiana and Florida between 2009 and 2014.
A serious violation also was cited for not installing and using electrical equipment in accordance with listed or labeled instructions. An OSHA violation is serious if death or serious physical harm could result from a hazard an employer knew or should have known exits.
Lowe's, based in Mooresville, North Carolina, has 15 business days from receipt of its citations and penalties to comply, request an informal conference with OSHA's area director, or contest the findings before the independent Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission.
To ask questions, obtain compliance assistance, file a complaint, or report workplace hospitalizations, fatalities or situations posing imminent danger to workers, the public should call OSHA's toll-free hotline at 800-321-OSHA (6742) or the agency's Columbus office at 614-469-5582.