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Artist as Activist
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Suzy Lake
A Genuine Simulation of... (7 panels)
photographic prints, serigraph, change, personal reflection, photographs, makeup. accuracy/inaccuracy, conceal/reveal, photographic tradition, real/unreal, contradictions, image representation, identity, personal identity,
These are probably the quietest works I have ever done. -- Suzy Lake
Suzy Lake's A Genuine Simulation of... consists of a seriesA number of things or events standing or succeeding in order, and connected by a like relation; sequence; order; course; a succession of things; as, a continuous series of calamitous events. (The Online Plain Text English Dictionary) of photographic prints of the artist--photographs to which she has applied varying amounts of Covergirl makeup. As a result, each photograph differs from the others in the accuracy (or inaccuracy) with which it describes its subject. Sometimes she is recognizable as a specific person, but often she is not.
These various faces imply a range of identities for the woman pictured. In some of them, she is glamorized by the presence of the makeup, while in others the layers of colourProduced by light of various wavelengths, and when light strikes an object and reflects back to the eyes. Colour is an element of art with three properties: (1) hue or tint, the colour name, e.g., red, yellow, blue, etc.: (2) intensity, the purity and strength of a colour, e.g., bright red or dull red; and (3) value, the lightness or darkness of a colour. When the spectrum is organized as a color wheel, the colours are divided into groups called primary, secondary and intermediate (or tertiary) colours; analogous and complementary, and also as warm and cool colours. Colours can be objectively described as saturated, clear, cool, warm, deep, subdued, grayed, tawny, mat, glossy, monochrome, multicolored, particolored, variegated, or polychromed. Some words used to describe colours are more subjective (subject to personal opinion or taste), such as: exciting, sweet, saccharine, brash, garish, ugly, beautiful, cute, fashionable, pretty, and sublime. Sometimes people speak of colours when they are actually refering to pigments, what they are made of (various natural or synthetic substances), their relative permanence, etc. (Artlex.com) make her appear clownish, theatrical, or even, in the case of the series' first image, "natural."
It is easy to see that Lake is questioning the role (or roles) that makeup plays in our society, but she is also interrogating (questioning) photographic tradition. That is, she is presenting us with a seriesA number of things or events standing or succeeding in order, and connected by a like relation; sequence; order; course; a succession of things; as, a continuous series of calamitous events. (The Online Plain Text English Dictionary) to demonstrate that the woman in the photo (in any photo) is not the actual woman. It is almost as if the artist is asking us, "How am I most real? How am I most appealing? Now? Or now?" She offers us several versions of herself to point out that no version is the authentic Suzy Lake. She further points this out playfully with the title of the series--the phrase "a genuine simulation" is a contradiction, and might require us to consider whether any image we see is either a genuine representation, an artificial simulation, or indeed contains aspects of both.
Lake leaves her own identity out of the title, which is hinted at through the ellipsis (the three dots "...") but never completed or set down. We then might wonder exactly who it is we can expect to find in these images. It could be Suzy Lake, it could be S. Lake (as the signature indicates), or it could be...
Medium: Serigraph on paper
Dimensions: (66.7 x 51.0) X 5
Gallery: Mendel Art Gallery
Suzy Lake: Concealment Revealment, an exhibition at Hallwalls Contemporary Art Centre
Suzy Lake, about her exhibition Chrysalis at Keylight.org
Art: When Everything Old is New Again – Suzy Lake at Hallwalls (Artvoice)
Identity Theft: Eleanor Antin, Lynn Hershman, Suzy Lake, 1972-1978 (X-Tra, Contemporary Art Quarterly)
Video Transcriptions
Studio Activities
Copy/Paste Friendly
Come up with a name for each of the "women" pictured in these images. You might want to make each name a variation of "Suzy Lake" based on how you see the character in each photograph, in the same way that the artist sometimes calls herself "S. Lake" or "Suzy Spice." Share these names with others to invite a response to your names for the women.
In descriptions of this work, it is often pointed out that Lake specifically used Covergirl makeup. Why might this be?
In which images is the woman portrayed the most appealing or beautiful? Why do you suppose this is, and what might it suggest about your own ideas of beauty?
Advanced Activity
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Some other artists who explore ideas about the body are:
Leesa Streifler
a Regina artist (you can also find out more about Leesa Streifler right here on the ARTSask website)
Tami Campbell
some of her works are paintings of skin bruises. You can find out more about Tammi Campbell right here on the ARTSask website
Jennifer McRorie Schell
a Saskatchewan painter who paints close-up images of skin
Jenny Saville
a British painter of large nudes. You can find more information about Jenny Saville at
Gagosian Gallery: http://www.gagosian.com/artists/jenny-saville
The Saatchi Gallery: http://www.saatchi-gallery.co.uk/artists/jenny_saville.htm
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jenny_Saville
an American artist who uses full-sized plaster cast figures. You can find more information about George Segal (the artist!) at:
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Segal_(artist)
George and Helen Segal Foundation: http://www.segalfoundation.org/bio.shtml
The Jewish Museum: http://www.haberarts.com/segal.htm
Larry Kirkwood
an American artist. His Body Image Project was created from casting a variety of body torsos in plaster and resin which he decorated, distressed or applied fauxFrench for false, artificial, fake. English speakers say "faux" to give a high-toned quality to what is often an imitation of a natural material — leather, fur, metal, or stone for example. Although faux materials are usually less expensive than the real thing, there can be other advantages to them: durability, uniformity, weight, colour, and availability perhaps. There can be allegorical advantages too (falsity can have its purposes!) particularly when juxtaposed with opulence. Faux finishes are painted simulations of other materials — the look of their colours and textures. (Artlex.com) finishes to. His objective was to look at the body as beautiful, beyond distinctions of age, race and body shape. You can find out more about Larry Kirkwood's Body Image Project at:
Kirkwood Studios: http://www.kirkwoodstudios.com/
also an American artist. Much of Close's work involved the human face through paintings, prints, and photographs. You can find out more about Close and his work at: http://www.chuckclose.coe.uh.edu/
Duane Hansen
an American artist who passed away in 1996. Hansen was a sculptorA three-dimensional work of art, or the art of making it. Such works may be carved, modeled, constructed, or cast. Sculptures can also be described as assemblage, in the round, and relief, and made in a huge variety of media. A sculptor is one who creates sculptures. (artlex.com) known for his extremely lifelike representations of people. You can view some of Hansen's artwork at:
The Saatchi Gallery: http://www.saatchi-gallery.co.uk/artists/duane_hanson.htm
Designboom.com: http://www.designboom.com/eng/funclub/duanehanson.html
a performanceAn art form in which the actions of a person or group in a particular place at a particular time constitute the artwork; all works of performance art therefore incorporate time, space, the performer's body, and the relationship between performer and viewer. artist who actually uses her body as her artwork, and has had surgeries to alter and shape herself as her "medium". You can find out more about Orlan at Orlan.net: http://www.orlan.net/
To find work related to eating disorders research art therapy. Try googling "eating disorders" "art therapy" – you can also start with the following websites:
Art Therapy and Eating Disorders: http://www.art-therapy.us/eatingdisorders.htm
Inspired Life: Eating Disorders and Art Therapy: http://www.inspiredlife.ca/articles/eating_disorders_and_art_therapy_communicating_without_words/
Apply "makeup" to the image in different ways to create at least four different "looks". To do this:
Use the Background icon to change the face you see (there are four face choices to work with)
Use the Shapes iconLoosely, a picture; a sculpture, or even a building, when regarded as an object of veneration. (Artlex.com) (the arrow) and the shapes menu to add lips, eyelashes, etc.
Studio Activity
The influence of popular culture on body image
Suzy Lake is a pioneer of video/performance art in Canada and was one of the first visual artists to respond to issues concerning body image. She uses her art to protest against popular ideas about how women are expected to present themselves. There is an large body of both research and philosophical writing on this subject, and numerous artists from a varietyPrinciple of design concerned with difference or contrasts. of disciplines have addressed this issue as well. Thus information on body image in our culture is easily accessible. Below are some ideas to get your started on your own exploration of body image:
Create a visual note or keep a scrapbook journal as an observation of how popular cultural mediaAny material and technique used to produce a work of art (paint, glass, clay, fibre, video, sound, etc.). It may also refer to the liquid with which powdered pigments are mixed to make paint. Note that the plural form of "medium" is "media." strongly influence women to look in fashion, body shape, face.
Did you know that 75% of women in North America are currently dieting? And yet at the same time, contemporaryCurrent, belonging to the same period of time. Usually referring to our present time, but can refer to being current with any specified time. (Artlex.com) society has a weight crisis. Find out more about this strange dichotomy.
Find out more about the many products that have been created to fight the aging process and a fear of looking old.
Collect magazine and news articles. Find information on popular news websites etc. Here is one example:
Actor Kate Winslet reacted angrily to GQ magazine, who admitted to airbrushing an image of her without asking permission. GQ said that they did this to "improve her image".
BBC World News presents a short article on this incident and questions what is beauty. In the article, there are images of the same shot of her before airbrushing. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2643777.stm
Hip Hop inspiration for art about the body: Watch the YouTube video: Hip Hop; Beyond Beats and Rhymes:
Basic Instructions for making casts of faces (masks) or arms
plaster gauze
old T-shirts
plastic face mold or super-sensitive skins
paints, markers, cloth/wool. buttons, and other materials for decoration
work with a partner
if you are casting an arm or leg, cover only front (do not wrap around)
start by applying petroleum jelly liberally
apply at least two layers of wet plaster gauze
if you are making a mask, leave nose holes open. Cover clothes and hair with old shirts or plastic garbage bags.
remove when dry. Paint /decorate as desired
You could use your pieces as an installationAn art work specially designed to fit in or to make use of a specific type of space. It usually consists of more than one element and relates to the space in which it is displayed. – as a commentary about body image. You might include text on or with pieces. Try decorating with patternRepeating lines, colours or shapes within a design. or decorative finishes.
Author unknown. 'After Hours.' People, at the University of Guelph. Retrieved from the Internet on August 8, 2008 from: http://www.uoguelph.ca/atguelph/04-09-29/afterhours.shtml
White, Karen. 'Suzy Lake.' The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved from the Internet on August 8, 2008 from: http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0009157


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Massillon Washington High School (Ohio) added an exclamation point to its now 8-0 season. The Tigers broke the 100-point marker on Friday night.
Massillon Washington High School (Ohio) added an exclamation point to its now 8-0 season.
The Tigers broke the 100-point marker on Friday night.
They beat Sun Valley High School (Aston, Penn.) by a score of 101-6.
According to Maxpreps, Massillon scored 56 points in the second quarter alone, going into halftime with a 73-6 lead.
Despite those 56 points, Massillon only ran 12 offensive plays in the second quarter, according to Friday Night Ohio's Chris Easterling. Five of them came in the final possession, which was a touchdown.
Massillon also only attempted 11 passes in the game, Easterling reported.
By the end of the third, Massillon had 94 points.
The team got to 100 points on a 77-yard run by Raekwon Venson, according to Maxpreps.
That was the lone score in the final quarter.
Tyree Broyles got his third career kickoff return touchdown, the most in school history, which broke a record that stood since 1922, according to Easterling.
Massillon had six total kickoff, punt or touchdown returns as a team Friday, Easterling reported.
ILB/RB Jamir Thomas, a three-star recruit who has several offers from Div. 1 programs, according to 247 Sports, broke the school rushing touchdown record.
Both head coaches spoke with Easterling after the game.
Sun Valley coach Greg "Bubba" Bernhard: "They are top-notch, the highest level of high-school football program, and we're not.


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Under new leader, MIAD continues transforming Milwaukee
The Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design was a pioneer in transforming the Third Ward from an area of urban decline into one of the city's trendiest, most vibrant neighborhoods. Now MIAD, which opened in 1974, is a leading force in transforming Milwaukee from a Rust Belt city into an artsy hipster oasis, a city of galleries, smart shops and foodie destinations that Jeff Morin said feels like parts of Manhattan, only without the urban canyons that swallow you up.
By Louis Weisberg
The Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design was a pioneer in transforming the Third Ward from an area of urban decline into one of the city's trendiest, most vibrant neighborhoods.
Now MIAD, which opened in 1974, is a leading force in transforming Milwaukee from a Rust Belt city into an artsy hipster oasis, a city of galleries, smart shops and foodie destinations that Jeff Morin said feels like parts of Manhattan, only without the urban canyons that swallow you up.
Morin, who became MIAD president in June, doesn't like to hear Milwaukee referred to as "the new Portland." He said Portland is the Milwaukee of the West Coast.
Morin has spent 30 years in higher education, most of it in the University of Wisconsin system. Most recently, he was dean of the College of Fine Arts and Communication at the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point.
In addition to teaching, he's an award-winning artist, writer, exhibiting artist, curator and lecturer. Some of his works hang on the wall of his office, including a rendering of Matthew Shepard against a coyote fence, pierced with arrows. Shepard is the gay University of Wyoming student who was beaten, tortured and left to die near Laramie, Wyoming, in 1998. His death became a rallying point for a new generation of gay activists.
Does the picture indicate that MIAD is a gay-friendly school? "You'll have to ask my husband," Morin quipped.
When WiG caught up with Morin in October, he was in the throes of a honeymoon regarding his new hometown and employer. He was spilling over with ambitious ideas for MIAD's role in a city he considers at the vanguard of the nation's emerging arts economy.
Majors include interior architectural design, industrial design, fine arts, communication design (graphic arts), illustration and new studio practice. Students in all areas of design have capstone projects. They develop them during their junior and senior years. Capstones include everything from art installation to models of building interiors to designs of tools.
Morin says students leave well prepared to work in design, where jobs have increased by 43 percent over the past decade.
The institute, which has a student population of 630 and offers only undergraduate degrees, is constantly creating new programs to reflect the design needs of the real world. As Morin described it, MIAD has a strong academic program but focuses equally on real-world training that will result in post-graduation jobs.
Although 40 percent of MIAD students come from out of state, roughly 80 percent of them remain in Milwaukee, where they play an integral role in helping to develop the city's arts economy. MIAD grads are heavily represented in fine arts awards and gallery shows. They also work for Milwaukee Tool, Kohl's, Harley-Davidson, interior design firms, publishers and advertising/marketing firms. Thirty-three percent are entrepreneurs who start small businesses in the area.
MIAD's placement rate within one year of graduation is 83 percent.
Wear comfortable shoes
If you plan to walk through the sprawling five-floor former factory that MIAD occupies, bring comfortable shoes. Cement covers each floor, which is about the length of a football field. It's perfect for artists, because you can't mess it up by spilling paint or dropping something heavy, Morin pointed out.
The building's galleries are open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Saturday.
The massive raw space lends itself easily to being temporarily divided into classrooms, galleries, supply spaces — whatever is needed at the moment. The huge floor-to-ceiling windows not only provide great views of the city, river and lake, but also infuse an abundance of the kind of natural light so prized by artists. No nearby buildings get in the way.
The light and water are two of Morin's favorite things about the city and MIAD.
Since graduating from Temple University's Tyler School of Art, Morin has lived in Philadelphia and New York City, where he worked in advertising, before deciding to check out the Midwest, a region of the country wholly unfamiliar to him at the time but, as it turned out, very agreeable to him.
The first member of his family to attend college, Morin ended up at UW-Madison, where he earned master of art degrees in both studio art and fine art. He also holds a certificate in fundraising management from the Lilly School of Philanthropy at Indiana University-Purdue University.
For the first couple of weeks at MIAD, he lived in the student resident across the street from the main building, which features two-bedroom, two-bath units. "I loved it," he said. "(The apartments) are gorgeous, absolutely gorgeous."
Now he's settled on the city's east side, from where he enjoys a brief commute on North Lincoln Memorial Drive along the lakefront and through "some of the most beautiful components of the city."
Public vs. private
After working in public higher education, Morin is basking in the relative freedom of a private college.
"We've had some of the same tough financial discussions here that we had in the UW system," Morin said. But, "we're less legislatively encumbered. The conversation is taking place at the table here and then we don't have to have a conversation in Madison or anywhere else, as long as we meet the rigors of our creditors. We can be nimble. We can think outside the box … and the staff has the level of ingenuity to make things happen here.
The thing that keeps MIAD fresh is that we're left to solve all our own problems."
MIAD recently won a $3 million grant from the U.S. Department of Labor to expand its internships, which are at the heart of its programs, particularly in industrial design. Sometimes partnering with engineering students at Marquette University, MIAD students work on design challenges presented by real companies, including such heavy weights as GE, General Motors and Harley-Davidson. The results of some of those challenges are scattered throughout the building — everything from airplane toilets to football helmets to motorcycle designs. The right design can make the difference between a successful and an unsuccessful product, even when the basic engineering is the same, Morin said. Think of Steve Jobs and the iPhone.
The institute highly recommends internships before graduation. "With design challenges (students) get "great experience, a great design portfolio and a great knowledge of the area they're entering," Morin said.
In addition to MIAD's partnerships with Marquette University and dozens of well known national and local corporations, from Delta Airlines to Kohler, US Bank to Manpower, the school is developing relationships with Milwaukee Public Schools for design academies for pre-college students. The goal is to give them experience working in the field before they commit to it academically.
Ultimate goal
Morin grew up in northernmost Maine's Arroostook County, considered one of the poorest counties east of the Mississippi, he said. The county is vast in area but sparsely populated. His description made it sound as if everyone is so isolated that each family needs a different ZIP code.
At an early age of his rural childhood, Morin figured out he wanted to be a teacher and an artist — even though "there's nothing in our family's history that points in that direction," he said.
But it might never have happened without a teacher who recognized his talent and mentored him through high school. When it came time to look for colleges, she drove him about 15 hours in her pickup truck to look over the Rhode Island School of Design.
But Morin wound up at Temple University Tyler School of Art because it was his mentor's ideal art school.
"If it wasn't for her, I know that I would have had a totally different life," Morin said. Now Morin's ultimate goal is to make the kind of difference in his students' lives that his greatest mentor made in his. He's been teaching since 1986 and he hears back from students on a regular basis, he said. That's encouraging.
"But I wouldn't have the arrogance to assume I could provide that level of influence," he added. "I don't think I could be as generous as she was."
He's still trying, however. And, luckily for MIAD, he's brought that experience and that goal with him.

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text:
By Grace Alone
Who wrote the book of James?
According to James 1:1, the letter is written by James himself. He was the son of Joseph, a construction worker who originally lived in Nazareth in Galilee.
He is always named next after Jesus in lists of Jesus' brothers, so he was presumably considered to be Jesus' next younger brother.
It's also possible that James was the oldest of Jesus' cousins if one follows Jerome's interpretation that adelphos means "cousin," the children of Mary wife of Clopas, also identified as "the mother of James and Joses."
James was a prominent figure among the communities of the followers of Jesus living in Palestine in the first century. Paul names him, along with Cephas (Peter) and John, an acknowledged "pillar" of the Jerusalem community (Galatians 2:9); emissaries from that community are designated by Paul as "from James" (Galatians 2:12). Acts tells us that James is the only one whom Peter wanted informed about his (divinely orchestrated) release from prison (Acts 12:17). James chaired the so-called Jerusalem Council (Acts 15:13–21), and Paul visited him and took advice from him on his final visit to Jerusalem (Acts 21:18). On this virtually the whole tradition of literature on this work is agreed.
However, was it really James who wrote the book? Or was it simply attributed to him? This issue involves several questions.
Would a person with James's background be capable of the quality of Greek and the rhetorical sophistication that is found in this letter?
Does James show a knowledge of Paul's letters and, if so, would James have been alive long enough to have written such a letter?
Was James prominent enough after his martyrdom and the fall of Jerusalem in 70 CE that a later writer or community might have used his name to give authority to a letter that they composed?
Finally, if James, the Lord's brother, did write the letter, why is the letter so poorly attested until the period of Origen?
Let's take a look at each of these questions.
But before we do, let's consider why the book of James is in the Bible in the first place. Peter H. Davids explains:
1. Did James know Greek well enough to have written this letter?
The issue is not whether James would have been able to communicate in Greek, but whether he would have commanded the quality of Greek needed to write this letter.
It is questionable whether a person such as James—the second brother in an artisan family with at least seven children—would have access to sufficient Greek education to have composed some of the better Greek in the New Testament and sufficient rhetorical education to demonstrate the skill found in this work.
That doesn't mean James wasn't the author. The usual solution is to appeal to the use of an amanuensis, who would be responsible for putting James's ideas into good Greek. Many letter writers in the first century did just that—including Paul.
That is possible, and it is true that an amanuensis, necessary for the process of writing in any case, was sometimes given a lot of liberty in the composition of a letter.
But at what point does an amanuensis become a coauthor or even the main author of a work? If he is responsible for the style and wording, is he not at least a coauthor? How would one recognize what is from the implied author and what is from the "secretary" if one does not have works that are undisputedly in the wording and thought forms of the author?
These are difficult questions to answer.
First, if the implied author approved the sending of the work, one would consider it "his work" even if the language and rhetoric of the work were not his. We do this all the time today when we say, "I received a letter from my senator," when in all likelihood the senator had told an aide to write a letter saying thus and so to anyone who questioned this or that stance of his. We also do the same when a work is ghostwritten.
Second, while James probably did not have a good education, and perhaps no education at all, given surprising turns of fate in life and the lack of knowledge about James's biography, we cannot know with certainty that he did not have an education.
It is true that James's speeches in Acts are certainly in Lucan style (as are all other speeches in Acts) and interpretation, and references to James outside the New Testament are coated with legendary material; thus, we have no other evidence than the letter that would indicate his education, style, and manner of thought.
We know even less about a purported amanuensis and James's relationship to this person and thus the degree to which he would have been capable of or entrusted with the composition of this letter.
Thus without having a detailed biography of James's youth, we will remain agnostic on this question of how educated he might have been, while acknowledging that historical probability would attribute what we see in the letter to an amanuensis of some type.
2. Did James know about Paul's letters?
This question is more significant.
The key passage here is James 2:14–26, in which James argues that faith without works is dead (James 2:17, 26)—that is, that it cannot save anyone (James 2:14).
Three aspects of this passage remind one of Paul:
the expression "faith without works" and its various permutations;
the citation of Abraham and specifically the citation of Gen 15:6 in James 2:23 (also cited in Romans 4:3 and Galatians 3:6); and
the linking of "justification" to "works" as opposed to "faith alone" (James 2:24).
If these three aspects are in fact borrowed from Pauline letters, then James must be later than Romans and Galatians, for Romans 3:28 and Galatians 2:16 are the key passages in which Paul asserts that one is justified by faith and apart from "works of the law," which would be the statements James is opposing.
It's likely James was aware of Paul, but was not immediately familiar with Paul's specific writings. Galatians was written as early as 49 CE, and Romans was written during Paul's final stay in Corinth around 56 CE—not enough time to have traveled from Corinth to Rome and become influential enough to make their way back to Palestine, where James would have been writing in the late 50s, and certainly no later than 62 CE, when he was martyred.
3. Was James prominent enough that a later writer or community might have used his name?
This question is more difficult to answer. It depends on knowing whom Christians would have pointed to as influential figures in the period before 230 CE (i.e. the time of Origen). James certainly did have some continuing importance in that Josephus mentions his death (Ant. 20.200–201), as does Hegesippus (according to Eusebius, Hist. eccl. 2.23). The Protevangelium of James (mid- to late second century CE) claims to have been written by him. He is mentioned, according to Jerome (De viris illustribus 211–213) in the Gospel of the Hebrews, and apparently also by Clement of Alexandria (again according to Eusebius, Hist. eccl. 2.1.3–4), as well as a number of Gnostic or semi-Gnostic works (Apocryphon of James, First Apocalypse of James, Gospel of Thomas, Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions).
However, most of these works are late second century or third century (some are fourth century). Anything written after the mid-third century would be after our letter of James was circulating in the church. Most of these works were looking for an anti-Paul figure, and James fit the bill because he was not well known and yet had prominence as a brother of Jesus and as a figure in Acts and Galatians. Our letter is definitely not Gnostic (it has nothing to say about knowledge, mysteries, or secret revelation, for instance, although it does refer to knowing this or that), nor is it interested in the martyrdom of James or of anyone else (other than the obscure reference in Jas 5:6), for that matter. In other words, it does not fit the pattern of interest found in the references to and use of James in post-first-century works. In fact, its interests (including its lack of interest in Christology) are those of the first century, not of the second.
4. Why is the letter of James so poorly attested until the period of Origen?
If James was a genuine letter of James the brother of Jesus, or even from his community after his death, why was it so poorly attested for so long?
First, James originated in a part of the world that was thrown into turmoil five or so years after his death.
He was reportedly the leader of the Jerusalem community of the followers of Jesus, who, tradition claims, fled to Pella before the Romans reached Jerusalem and whose city was, therefore, destroyed after they left. In other words, both his community and his natural constituency, ethnic Jewish followers of Jesus, were in disarray after 66–70 CE, a tragedy that was compounded by later Jewish uprisings elsewhere in the Roman world and the second Jewish war of 133–135 CE.
Second, it is not surprising that as James became used by Gnostic and other groups, there would be some, such as Origen, who would want to capture him for what became known as the orthodox stream of Christianity. Origen, living in Palestine, was well placed to make use of a document valued (at least in some circles) there.
Third, James was not useful in the doctrinal controversies of the second and following centuries. The letter has little to say about Jesus—at least not with respect to what was being debated about him during those centuries—or about ecclesiology, so it is not surprising that this letter was neglected.
This, of course, also makes it unlikely to have been composed in the second century, unless the writer was skillfully and purposely able to avoid current issues in the attempt to create a verisimilitude of an earlier period.
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4 reasons James, the brother of Jesus, was the author
The best explanation of all the data is that the letter of James was written immediately after the death of James, the brother of Jesus. It made us of his sermons and saying.
It fits the historical context in which there was discrimination in the Judean region against followers of Jesus, but before the later Roman persecution of either them or Jews in general.
It shows signs of being an edited work with catchword transitions and shifts in vocabulary for the same time.
Its language is the product of an amanuensis. It is unlikely that the historical James had a Greek education, even though he could almost certainly speak and possibly read Greek. This makes the amanuensis in effect the ghostwriter, although using the oral or written literary remains of the revered James.
The death of James gave a good reason for the production of such a letter. It's made up of diverse materials—for the community would want to preserve the teaching of the now-deceased leader in the absence of his living voice.
Still, it would be presumptuous to argue that the work could not have been produced during the lifetime of James or that James would never have put his own sermons and sayings together.
Learn more about the book of James
This post is adapted from material found in A Theology of Peter, James, and Jude, an online course taught by Peter H. Davids. Sign up for the course.
Posted by Jeff Brown at 4:13 AM
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text:
Colorado teen dead after contracting COVID-19
Former FBI Director James Comey finally reveals himself on Twitter after months of speculation
By Terence Cullen
Comey confirmed after seven months of speculation that the Twitter account was his. (Andrew Harnik/AP)
James Comey just blew his own cover.
The former FBI Director confirmed rumors that Twitter handle @FormerBu — using the name Reinhold Niebuhr — is the secret account he's previously mentioned keeping.
He tweeted a photo of himself from the account Monday morning, showing the former lawman sporting sunglasses and standing in the middle of an Iowa road.
"Goodbye Iowa. On the road home. Gotta get back to writing. Will try to tweet in useful ways," tweeted Comey, who has a book deal with Flatiron Books.
Goodbye Iowa. On the road home. Gotta get back to writing. Will try to tweet in useful ways. pic.twitter.com/DCbu3Yvqt3
— James Comey (@Comey) October 23, 2017
That prompted writer and longtime pal Benjamin Wittes — one of just 29 accounts followed by @FormerBu — to verify it was Comey's account.
"Ok, in light of this latest tweet, I will confirm that @FormerBu is, in fact, James Comey himself," he tweeted.
Comey had posted several photos in the last few days of West Point, Gettysburg and in Iowa — featuring pensive comments about nature, leadership and values.
James Comey's tweets from his other Twitter account
His presence in Iowa immediately sparked speculation about the future of Comey, whom President Trump fired as FBI director in May. The Hawkeye State's caucus is considered one of the major first steps in Presidential primaries.
But the Des Moines Register noted Monday that Comey's wife, Patrice Failor, is from Iowa and her father celebrated his 90th birthday over the weekend.
The spurt of tweets over the last five days are the first time the account has tweeted since March, when Comey still headed the FBI.
Ok, in light of this latest tweet, I will confirm that @FormerBu is, in fact, James Comey himself. https://t.co/6QbhOG7Qzp
— Benjamin Wittes (@benjaminwittes) October 23, 2017
The first tweet, on March 30, was a meme from the 2004 film "Anchorman," which quoted main character Ron Burgundy: "Actually I'm not even mad. That's amazing."
The tweet was believed to have been a response to how quickly social media users found what they thought was the secret account, then using the @Projectexile7 handle.
Comey had mentioned a day earlier he was "on Twitter now, I have to be on Twitter." That led to a cyber manhunt for the lawman's account.
The meme was accompanied by a link to the FBI's hiring page, fueling further speculation.
For the last seven months, he was mum on whether the account — named for 20th Century theologian Reinhold Niebuhr — was his.


Well, I haven't fallen off the face of the earth... entirely.
The reason for my absence from my blogging duties is because I have moved 'home'. That's right, I have changed stations! On Wednesday the 19th of November (sorry about missing your birthday Mat) I flew from Davis Station to Mawson Station to spend the summer.
Mawson has always been a goal of mine and is considered by many to be the pinnacle of Australia's Continental Antarctic stations for numerous good reasons.
It is the oldest continually manned Antarctic station on the continent and the site of the 1st ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition) in 1954.
It is the first Antarctic station to have a portion of its power supplied by wind generation (at the moment over half of the power here is generated by the two wind turbines).
It is the last station to have a pack of Husky sled dogs, they were kennelled here until 1993.
It is the furthest station from Australia and also the smallest Australian station by population.
Despite all this Mawson talk I am going to finish off this brief blog with a few photos of the last month or so at one of the most beautiful places on the planet. Davis Station.
The Weddell seal pupping area at Brookes.
2013/14 Davis Diesos saying goodbye, for now.
Our amazing Celery Top and Sassafras winterers plaque.
The Mawson fleet waiting for a plane.
The old warbird on approach.
DC3's are a beautiful plane from any angle!


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text:
Terry Bradshaw on his Super Bowl predictions, the New Jersey game
By Lauren Moraski
January 30, 2014 / 2:03 PM / CBS News
Come Sunday, Terry Bradshaw will be facing the cold-weather elements just like everyone else -- fans and players alike -- at Metlife Stadium in East Rutherford, N.J.
The former NFL star will first, though, be hunkered down in Times Square as part of his Super Bowl pre-game hosting duties on "Fox NFL Sunday."
"It is the most incredible set-up I've ever seen in my life," he told CBS News about the Times Square layout. "Normally I'm with my family and I'm cooking. It's the biggest party you've ever seen. But this year, I'm doing the show -- it's the coolest set-up. I'll be there for two hours and then they will helicopter us over to the stadium for the final hour-and-a-half."
Complete Super Bowl coverage
Not one to hold back his opinion, the one-time Pittsburgh Steelers quarterback has been quite vocal about staging Super Bowl XLVIII in New Jersey -- for a myriad of reasons.
And one of those is not surprisingly the possibility of bad weather. "We'll broadcast in shelter with plastic around us, but it will be as cold as I'll get out. We're not sealed in. We'll be outside when we go to the stadium," Bradshaw said.
Between the 2014 snow storms and polar vortex conditions, it's hard to know what to expect on Super Bowl Sunday 2014. Though at last check the forecast calls for a high of 46 degrees, a pleasant change from the recent below-freezing temperatures in the tri-state region.
Still, leading up to the big game, Bradshaw hasn't been 100 percent on board with the NFL's decision to host the game in New Jersey.
"I even found myself getting defensive," said Bradshaw. "Why should a fellow from the South have to defend playing the Super Bowl in warm weather? It just doesn't make sense to me. I love the Super Bowl. I love everything it stands for, it's just awesome. I just did not like the idea of perhaps restricting one football team because of the weather -- if in fact we have serious conditions. Cold we can all deal with -- wind makes it harder. If you have any kind of precipitation then it becomes extremely difficult."
Speaking from a player mentality, Bradshaw said, "If you saw it in Los Angeles, you'd go, 'Oh yeah! Now you're talking.' You work a little harder. But New Jersey? New Jersey what? The Super Bowl! What do you mean? I went, 'Where's the joke in this?' There is no joke."
When it comes to the game itself, Bradshaw admits he's definitely "torn" about which team to back because he loves both the Denver Broncos and the Seattle Seahawks.
"I'm a defensive guy, so I love defense. I love [Denver Broncos quarterback] Peyton Manning, too…He's from Louisiana. I'm from Louisiana," said Bradshaw. "I want to see him get his second Super Bowl. I love [Seattle Seahawks quarterback] Russell Wilson, [Seattle Seahawks coach] Pete Carroll. I don't want have to have to pick here because I just love them both. If I had to defend myself, I'll say Seattle 'cause Fox covers them. And if Peyton wins I'll be the happiest guy in the world. I'll be happy either way 'cause I love both of these football teams. I'm a big proponent for defense. If they don't put some pressure on him [Manning], they're not going to beat him. Absolutely not going to happen."
Earlier this week, Bradshaw interviewed Manning as the quarterback gears up for the game.
"He's good, confident, relaxed," said the NFL Hall of Famer. "He's a button-up guy. He doesn't wear cowboy boots like me, he doesn't talk like I talk or act like I act. He's a full-blown quarterback. He's a cool customer and he's very relaxed, very confident, very humble about it. I think he thinks that they're going to win the football game -- and that's the way he should think."
Bradshaw, meanwhile, has had quite the busy couple of weeks. Earlier this month, he spent two days in Los Angeles filming an ad for Pepsi. If you caught the Grammy Awards Sunday on CBS, then you may have spotted Bradshaw in a memorable Pepsi Grammys "halftime" commercial that also saw Mike Ditka swinging on a "wrecking ball" a la Miley Cyrus. Deion Sanders also appeared in the clip, along with former NFL star Shannon Sharpe (portraying Kanye West) and New York Jet Nick Mangold (as Kim Kardashian) -- in a mock version of the rapper's "Bound 2" music video.
For his part, Bradshaw was seen onstage singing a country music song and decked out in attire to match.
"Is that jacket hot or what?" he joked about the elaborate country-themed get-up. "Pepsi asked if I would be a part of it. They explained what it was and I couldn't pass it up (although he admittedly doesn't know much about Cyrus and her shenanigans). Are you kidding me? Guys my age don't really get shots like that...God, it was fun."
For Bradshaw, who has several albums to his name, doing a singing routine wasn't too much of a stretch.
"That's somewhat almost comfortable for me. I can play the guitar a little bit and I do have jackets that are very Western. I did come off that shoot, saying, 'Man I gotta get me a jacket like that.'"
Watch Bradshaw in all of his country-glory in the Grammys halftime clip below:
First published on January 30, 2014 / 2:03 PM
Lauren Moraski
Lauren Moraski is managing editor of entertainment at CBSNews.com
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On my second trip to the wheel I switched from the white clay over to the red clay. At this point I only have two bats. That means I have to use the wire to cut each bowl off the bat in order to use it again on the next pot. I will be getting more bats in the future to avoid this. Letting the pot sit on the bat until it is leather hard lets you put the bat back on the wheel and do the trimming without the need to re-center the pot.
It also eliminates the misshapen and distortion of the pots that occur while moving it wet.
After about 2 days, the pots get to a state called leather hard. This is where the clay can sill be shaped and but it has a firm feel to it. This is when trimming would occur or if I wanted to add a handle, I can do so at this point. As you can see below the clay looks a bit dryer than the photos above.
After a few more days, it will fluctuate based on the temperature, the clay reaches a state called bone dry. At this point I'll can either do a fire on the clay, or put it back in the water to revert it back to a state that I can put back on the wheel. Currently, I don't fire anything. I'm in a practice mode and just let everything dry to bone dry, then toss it back in the water.


A man was arrested for drink-driving - the afternoon after his night out.
Gavin Andrews caught the attention of police as he drove along Norristhorpe Lane in Heckmondwike.
He said he had hadn't drunk since the previous evening and had no reason to suspect that he was still under the influence of alcohol.
Prosecutor Vanessa Jones told Kirklees magistrates that the officers pulled over his vehicle at around 2.30pm on December 23.
She said that the 43-year-old was arrested because they could smell alcohol on his breath.
He failed a roadside breath test and further tests revealed that he had 47 microgrammes of alcohol in 100 millilitres of breath. The legal limit is 35 microgrammes.
Magistrates were told that in March 2017 Andrews was handed an eight month jail sentence suspended for two years for an offence of wounding.
The offence occurred at the Dandy Lion Pub in Heckmondwike when Andrews threw a glass at another man, leaving him needing stitches to his face.
Lesley Cowling, mitigating said that her client was "fully compliant" when police stopped him.
She told magistrates: "He was out the previous night with friends and probably stayed out for more than he planned to.
"It was the next day at 2.30pm when he was over the limit but he didn't have any reason to think that he was still over the limit.
Magistrates decided not to activate Andrews' suspended jail term but will write to the crown court to see if a judge there wishes to take action.
They banned him from driving for 12 months after he pleaded guilty to driving while over the prescribed limit.
Andrews, of Walkley Lane in Heckmondwike, was fined £120 and will have to pay £85 court costs and £30 victim surcharge.


Water-repelling treatments have been available for quite a while now. However, with growing concerns relating to perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), new research and development had to occur in order to find an environmentally-friendly alternative.
After years of development, NeverWet, with the help of their manufacturing partners, Rust-Oleum, developed and commercialized a PFC-free Durable Water Repellent (DWR) formula that repels water, mud, food stains, and other liquids, all while maintaining the texture and breathability of the fabric.
Superhydrophobicity is a description used for water-repellent surfaces made of hydrophobic material. While most fabrics do not carry this trait naturally, our NeverWet DWR products create a barrier between the fabric and the liquid attempting to permeate it. Not only is this barrier strong, it is lightweight and breathable; fabrics treated with our NeverWet DWR treatments look and feel the same after treatment as they do before.
The durability of NeverWet's DWR products is unprecedented in water-repellent treatments; our solvents can withstand up to 70 home washes before hydrophobicity loss. Our DWR fabric treatments also undergo rigorous shower tests to see what the treated surfaces can endure. The volume of water hitting the surface as well as the force with which the water hits the surface is tested.
Our NeverWet DWR treatments proudly boasts its PFC-free formulation, which offers the same level of performance, including exceptional liquid and stain repellency, as original perfluorinated compounds while being environmentally friendly. This combination of features is remarkable, and NeverWet was the first company to meet market demand while overachieving in performance.
NeverWet has been dedicated to developing a sustainable, environmentally-friendly product that is compatible with a wide variety of fabrics and surfaces. Now, their patented formula is the most versatile, environmentally-conscious product on the market today! The water-based treatment is applied as a finish at the textile mill, where it is heat-cured during drying. The formula bonds to the fibers of polyester, nylon, cotton blends and more, while still maintaining its original breathability and aesthetics. NeverWet also offers a solvent-based, post-production version where heat-cure finishing is not an option.
It is the hope of NeverWet to soon develop this product for consumer use, and will eventually be found on the shelves of your local stores. Want to know more? Visit our website at www.neverwet.com and leave us a message. We can't wait to get our newest, greatest product out to you and see what sticks – or doesn't!


text:
Hyderabad cops nab 3 for plotting terror attacks
The city police on Sunday said three persons were arrested for allegedly conspiring to hurl grenades on public gatherings.
An official release from the police said on credible information that Abdul Zahed, resident of Malakpet, in Hyderabad, who was involved in several terror-related cases in the city in the past revived his contacts with his Pakistani ISI conduits again, conspired to cause terror acts including blasts and lone wolf attacks in Hyderabad to create terror among the minds of common public.
Zahed was previously involved in several terror-related cases in Hyderabad including a suicide attack on the Hyderabad City police commissioner's task-force office Begumpet in 2005.
He was in regular touch with Pakistani ISI-LeT handlers, the release said.
Zahed, in his confession has revealed that at the behest of Pakistan-based handlers he recruited the two other accused-Samiuddin and Maaz Hasan.
During searches, four hand grenades allegedly to be used targeting public gatherings through his group members, were recovered from the possession of the accused, it said. -- PTI


I was just roaming around a few picture sites and came across a picture of a large crater on the farside of our moon, and it suddenly struck me how obvious it is that most 'impact' craters could not possibly be caused by an impact at all.
Surely if the main crater or the one on it's rim closer to the viewer or the one on it's rim closer again could not be caused by an impact, for the thin wall where the rims meet would surely have been blown apart by an impact event.
Of course, if impact did not create these craters, it begs the question of what did. That can be easily be answered in an Electric Universe, and I feel this type of misnomer should get a lot more publicity than it currently does.
There are of course other features evident which cannot be explained by an impact scenario, such as the terraced walls of the main crater, and the peaks in the centre thereof.
Is anyone else as frustrated as I am at the mainstream ignorance of such evidence?
I would like others to post their finds of 'impact' crater pics which are clearly not from an impact on this thread, to gather everyone's observations of such in one place.
Please include the site where the pics came from, if possible.
If enough of this info can be collated in the one place it would be relatively easy to create an article from it, so post away and let's see what happens.
Last edited by nick c on Tue Mar 29, 2011 9:05 am, edited 1 time in total.
Well in this photo of Hyperion my personal favorite "impact crater" is the one on the left. Well... no the one on the right... no wait!! - the one in the middle??
Surely the 'impact' paradigm is discredited in the majority by the nature and sheer quantity of Hyperion's "craters". Seems to me that Hyperion simply should not exist were these "impact craters". Below is highlighted what I suspect to be its the largest "crater" remnant with domed center.
The remnant I theorize above bears the peculiar size relationship like that of Mimas and Lapetus. It usually fascinates me that there are such massive 'impact' zones in relation to a celestial body's size because it seems as if the scale should have obliterated its host .
If I might point out a few other "obvious features:"
Note the crater chain to the left of the medium crater below the large one mid frame. Three of the 5 craters shown roving left appear to share a common scalloped wall. This seems odd.
Notice also that the ROCK that has been "impacted" does not appear to be "cracked" or display and evidence of "breakage."
Rather most of the features seem to be curiously rounded off or melted-looking. Which seems "odd" from an impact standpoint and from the standpoint of a moon with no atmosphere to "weather" its surface. Shouldn't the crater rims all be in "sharp relief" if they're basically unchanged from their origins?
CJ Ransom has categorically shown that electrical arcs are capable of forming just such low-rimmed, flat-floored craters with a melted appearance. Likewise similar experiments by Dahlenaz (CRT experiments) and Plasmatic MnemoHistory (ionizer experiments) have replicated very similar crater results based on electrostatic and electrodynamic processes (I believe), respectively.
If one takes note of the largest crater in the image: one sees that the central region has a peak. But, strangely, it's not a single cone, it's a series of local rounded knobs! Does an impact by a large projectile typically leave well-centered rounded knobs as impact debris These hardly seem like the standard model's "impact rebound cone" or what have you. These items seem in some cases quite discrete objects.
More details become apparent, if slightly fuzzy. Terraced walls do seem to present a bit of a problem... Among other things.
You know what else usually strikes me. In the larger photo you've linked, when zooming in, the scalability is apparent as there are so very many smaller to tiny examples of the same process.
Giday all, seems plasma physics is not quite as new as we all might think. Specifically the comparison of craters on the moon with electrical effects in the lab was first made in 1775!! Yep, that's no typo, 1775.
I recently came across a pdf from: http://www.osti.gov/energycitations/pur ... 9M/native/ titled 'Tracking Down the Origin of Arc Plasma Science'.
June the 14th. I took the spot upon smooth pieces of lead and silver. It was, in both cases, like that on the brass knob, only the silver consisted of dots disposed with the utmost exactness, like radii from the center of the circle, each or which terminated a little short of the external circle. Examining the spots with a microscope, both the shining dots that formed the central spot, and those which formed the external circle, appeared evidently to consist of cavities, resembling those on the moon, as they appear through a telescope, the edges projecting shadows into them, when they were held in the sun.
(Original caption) "Erosion craters (here caused by a cathodic arc discharge on copper), similar to "cavities, resembling those on the moon" This image was obtained using a scanning electron microscope; courtesy of Burkhard Jüttner, Berlin."
It thus was over 230 years ago that someone may first have mused, "Impact schmimpact!"
This image shows the striking Maunder crater lying at approximately 50° South and 2° East, in the Noachis Terra region on Mars. The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on ESA's Mars Express orbiter took pictures of the Noachis Terra region during orbits 2412 and 2467 on 29 November and 14 December 2005 respectively, with a ground resolution of approximately 15 metres per pixel. The sun illuminates the scene from the north-east (top left in the image). Maunder crater, named after the british astronomer Edward W. Maunder, is located halfway between Argyre Planitia and Hellas Planitia on the southern highlands of Mars.
With a diameter of 90 kilometres and a depth of barely 900 metres, the crater is not one of the largest impact craters on Mars at present, but it used to be much deeper. It has since been filled partially with large amounts of material. This colour scene has been derived from the three HRSC-colour channels and the nadir channel.
Does anyone realise how ridiculous that sounds? This 'impact' crater is 90,000 metres wide, and 'barely' 900 metres deep. That is a depth ONLY 1% OF ITS WIDTH!!!
That's 55 MILES across and only 2,950 feet deep.
So, did the 'ejecta' all go straight up, and fall straight back down into the crater? They try to (sort of) explain this away by saying one side of it caved in.
... It has since been filled partially with large amounts of material.
Let me repeat, this crater only has a depth of 1% OF ITS WIDTH Shocked . And there are probably many more like it, visually it certainly appears so, but I just noticed the dimensions of this one, and my brain said "that's only 1% of its width... "
"Still comes out to 1% of its width..."
"Can't be, that's only a shaving..."
Forgive me if I sound like I don't believe in fairy tales, but how on Ea... Mars could it be so shallow?
We really could do with a geologist in the house.
Good review of the crater and the formations. The electrical nature of the formation seems obvious, doesn't it? Once electricity is in your mind, you see the examples everywhere you look.
The last image is particularly interesting. In the Mars in Miniature Picture of the Day, we briefly referred to one of our ideas that the silicon dioxide substrate that forms the 'floor' of Mars can be transmuted into iron through the action of the electric arcs. In the image, that process looks plausible.
davesmith_au wrote: Giday all, seems plasma physics is not quite as new as we all might think. Specifically the comparison of craters on the moon with electrical effects in the lab was first made in 1775!! Yep, that's no typo, 1775.
Ohh yeah, I read that a long while back (even bookmarked it 'cause it was that good!). Actually, there's a part 1 & part 2. But I think the part 1 is most interesting. If only for that image, and the fact that the person who discovered these arc melted spots IMMEDIATELY likened them to the craters on the moon. Common sense isn't as common as one thinks. But that guy had it right, in my opinion.
davesmith_au wrote: Does anyone realise how ridiculous that sounds? This 'impact' crater is 90,000 metres wide, and 'barely' 900 metres deep. That is a depth ONLY 1% OF ITS WIDTH!!!
As you said, it's 55 miles wide, and 2950 feet deep. So, what, did one side's materials collapse over 20-30 miles through the crater...?? C'mon.
Who's taking bets that there's only a surface layer of sediment over a relatively unbroken surface with layering contiguous with that outside the crater (basically undisturbed layering) and no impact fracturing?
Steve Smith wrote: In the Mars in Miniature Picture of the Day we mentioned that the dunes look solid rather than frangible.
As a complete aside, what does frangible mean? And is it roughly synonymous with friable? I've seen both words, though not always in sufficient context to quite grasp the specific meaning. Looked them up on thefreedictionary.com and they seemed to have roughly the same definition. IE, easily broken, brittle, etc.
Just for my own edification?
As you were... Back to the discussion.
Reminds me handily of the dunes in Proctor Crater / Russell Crater dunes, as well. As you say, a very repetitious pattern.
I still wonder how it is that the dunes are so completely localized and not splayed out dusting a much wider area more finely. Rather the dunes seem to be completely clumped up in one spot without intruding into the neighboring terrain, as pointed out in the Proctor Crater thread.
This thread reminds me how absolutly INCREDIBLE you electric universe people are.
I simply can not comprehend how NASA and astronomy in general can ignore you people.
Will we EVER emerge from the scientific DARK ages? Or will the evil empire rule forever?
A great image. Rather fond of it myself!
davesmith_au wrote: How's this from physorg.com.
Look carefully at Hyperion and you'll notice that it is a spiral, rather than concentric circles. In Birkeland current movement, the Bennett Pinch effect gradually spins tighter and tighter. Of course, this happens in time dependent scale -- a larger arc may require a few seconds, rather than thousandths of seconds. Since the pinch is impacting the surface at that time, it forms a spiral that grows smaller according to a specific formula.
You see that it begins on the outer edge as a crater and then forms a hump at the end. This helps to explain the possible formation of Shiprock, Brandberg and the Big Three. The terrain surrounding all of those features is sculpted by what can only be high energy plasma discharge -- conventional theory is certainly inadequate and the laboratory experiments bear out conclusions of the Electric Universe theory.


Ironic it has to be receiving very substantial monetary prizes & yet a prison without a home. Thanks so much for bringing this book to my attention.
You're welcome, happy that I've been able to do that! It's the sort of book that should be read widely.


text:
U.S.: Bush Pledges Funds To Speed Up Immigrant Application Process
By Oleh Oleh Zwadiuk
Washington, 11 July 2001 (RFE/RL) -- U.S. President George Bush says his administration will dedicate $500 million over five years to speed up processing of immigrant applications.
Bush made the announcement Tuesday (11 July) while attending a naturalization ceremony on Ellis Island in New York Harbor. It was known as the gateway to America for millions of immigrants who were processed there between 1892 and 1924. It is now a museum.
U.S. Attorney General John Ashcroft, who accompanied Bush on the trip, told the audience on Ellis Island that 100 million Americans "can draw a straight line from the life they know today to a moment in this hall, when a name was called and a person took the first step toward citizenship in the United States of America."
Bush said the money is designed to speed up immigration application procedures, which sometimes take as much as four years, to be accomplished within a six-month timetable. He said Americans are a welcoming society.
"America, at its best, is a welcoming society. We welcome not only immigrants themselves but the many gifts they bring and the values they live by."
In his remarks Bush added:
"Hundreds of thousands of immigrants take the oath of citizenship every year. Each has come not only to take but to give. They come asking for a chance to work hard, support their families, and to rise in the world. And together they make our nation more, not less, American."
In addition to the money, Bush promised to help change the sometimes unfriendly attitude towards immigrants on the part of those in the U.S. government who handle the processing. Said Bush:
"Immigration is not a problem to be solved. It is the sign of a confident and successful nation. And people who seek to make America their home should be met in that spirit by representatives of our government. New arrivals should be greeted not with suspicion and resentment but with openness and courtesy."
Ellis Island, sometimes also known as the Island of Tears for those who were turned away at the last moment, was proclaimed part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument in 1965 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. After a six-year, $170 million restoration, it was reopened as a museum.
Literature on the museum's website says that from 1892 to 1924, more than 22 million immigrants, passengers, and crew members came through Ellis Island and the Port of New York. The ship companies that transported these passengers kept detailed passenger lists. Now these lists, among other details, can be searched on the internet (http://www.ellisisland.org/search/index.asp).
Artifacts, historic photographs and documents, oral histories, and ethnic music depicting 400 years of American immigration are housed in the museum. An electronic database holds more than 600,000 names.
At the ceremony, Bush looked on as 29 people from various nations, including Poland, Algeria, Israel, and Britain, became U.S. citizens. He said:
"My fellow Americans who stand behind us, congratulations. [Applause.] Just a few minutes ago, I was the leader of another country. Now it's my honor to speak to you as the leader of your country. And the great thing about America is, you don't have to listen unless you want to."
Bush led the group in the Pledge of Allegiance, mistakenly instructing the people to raise their right hands instead of placing them over their hearts, as is customary.


text:
Q: How to execute procedure periodically (due date and time)? Say I have a record in a table, and this record has a "DATETIME" column; It is a DUE DATE and TIME. Whenever the server date reaches that date and time, it should notify the user (execute procedure that sends email notification for example, to the corresponding user). How would I do that? Some sites mentioned Windows Service scheduling, and others mentioned Maintenance Job.
Can you please suggest the best solution for this?

A: You'd have to regularly poll the table somehow, from a client, windows service or SQL Server Agent. Of course, you don't know if it will be picked up or picked up twice: it is possible
I'd consider creating a SQL Server Agent job when the row is inserted to pick this up if you don't have too many (for managability rather then any upper limit)

A: If you have to show notification to user for starting service than you can use Window services , which notify user to start the script to send mail by triggring click of button or some event..
Simple Windows Service which sends auto Email alerts
If you want to send email to users without notifying admin on perticular date time than you should go for the SQL JOBS which do work for you.
SQL Server jobs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Marchant, Ross, Reading, Dean, Ridd, James, Campbell, Sean, and Ridd, Peter (2015) A drifter for measuring water turbidity in rivers and coastal oceans. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 91. pp. 102-106.
This list was generated on Thu Apr 25 14:05:01 2019 AEST.


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students. His presentation will focus on the importance of knowing the cultural and linguistic background of EAL/D students to assist them in learning across the curriculum.
This session is suitable for primary and secondary teachers working in mainstream classrooms as well as in Intensive English Centres.
Brian Dare is an international consultant in language and literacy. He and John Polias are the two international tutor trainers for and the writers of How Language Works (HLW); Teaching ESL Learners in Mainstream Classrooms: Language in Learning across the Curriculum (TESMC: LiLaC); Literacy for Learning (LfL); and Teaching Young Children in English in Multilingual Contexts (TYCEMC).


text:
News & UpdatesCybersecurity
France Visa Application Website Attacked
by Contrivers Buzz September 21, 2021 September 21, 2021 Leave a CommentFrance Visa Application Website AttackedCybersecurity, Global Spotlight
In a press release published on 3rd September 2021 by French of Ministry of the Interior (Ministère de l´Intérieur), and seen by Contrivers Buzz, a cyber-attack on the France-Visas website has compromised the data of people applying for visas to visit or move to France via the website and personal data recorded when entering a visa application (email addresses and identity data) were stolen. This stolen data could give rise to misuse but is limited in its effect, given that the information does not include financial or sensitive data within the meaning of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). This attack took place on 10th August 2021.
Tampering with the website has given the attackers access to some personal details/information of those who have their information on the website as a result of their application. Such personal data include names, nationalities, passport/identity cards number, etc.
It was stated in the press release that the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs had taken the necessary measures to secure the platform and prevent such events from happening again, and the government had also filed a complaint and a judicial investigation is underway.
The French authorities have informed persons whose data were affected by this invasion and also advised that they take precautions. However, questions can be addressed to: [email protected].
El Salvador Becomes First Country to Make Bitcoin a Legal Tender
United Arab Emirates Set to Unify Its Data Protection Laws


text:
Q: Two columns, align text of the first column (using multicols package) I'm writing a document and i want two column section to write a text. I use multicol package, but if the text of the first column is shorter than the second, the first text will align to the bottom  of the second text.
How can i have the first text on the top?
I want the line1 of sec 1 align with line1 of sec2
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\title{Title}
\author{CE}
\usepackage{multicol}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{flushleft}
\begin{multicols}{2}

\section{sec1}
line1 \\

\columnbreak

\section{sec 2}
line 1 \\
line 2 \\
line 3 \\
line 4

\end{multicols}
\end{flushleft}
\end{document}

A: Just specify this with the command \raggedcolumns

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\title{Title}
\author{CE}
\usepackage{multicol}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{flushleft}
\begin{multicols}{2}\raggedcolumns% <--- add these
\section{sec1}

line1

\columnbreak

\section{sec 2}
line 1

line 2

line 3

line 4

\end{multicols}
\end{flushleft}
\end{document}