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Q: Wordpress user.php return error 500 on password check Trying to make a connector that check if username and password match and then echo if username and password works:
<?php

    //$username = $_POST["user"];
    //$password = $_POST["password"];
    $username = 'existingusername'; //debug test
    $password = 'password'; // debug test

    include_once(dirname(__FILE__) . "/wp-includes/user.php");

    if (function_exists('wp_authenticate_username_password')) {

        $auth = wp_authenticate_username_password(NULL, $username, $password);

        if (is_wp_error($auth))
        {
            echo 'Fail';
        } else {
            echo 'Success';
        }

    }else{

        echo 'Could not find wp_authenticate_username_password function
';
        echo dirname(__FILE__) . "/wp-includes/user.php";

    }

?>

I am using the function in file user.php and it is:
/**
 * Authenticate the user using the username and password.
 *
 * @since 2.8.0
 *
 * @param WP_User|WP_Error|null $user     WP_User or WP_Error object from a previous callback. Default null.
 * @param string                $username Username for authentication.
 * @param string                $password Password for authentication.
 * @return WP_User|WP_Error WP_User on success, WP_Error on failure.
 */
function wp_authenticate_username_password($user, $username, $password) {
    if ( is_a( $user, 'WP_User' ) ) {
        return $user;
    }

    if ( empty($username) || empty($password) ) {
        if ( is_wp_error( $user ) )
            return $user;

        $error = new WP_Error();

        if ( empty($username) )
            $error->add('empty_username', __('ERROR: The username field is empty.'));

        if ( empty($password) )
            $error->add('empty_password', __('ERROR: The password field is empty.'));

        return $error;
    }

    $user = get_user_by('login', $username);

    if ( !$user )
        return new WP_Error( 'invalid_username', sprintf( __( 'ERROR: Invalid username. Lost your password?' ), wp_lostpassword_url() ) );

    /**
     * Filter whether the given user can be authenticated with the provided $password.
     *
     * @since 2.5.0
     *
     * @param WP_User|WP_Error $user     WP_User or WP_Error object if a previous
     *                                   callback failed authentication.
     * @param string           $password Password to check against the user.
     */
    $user = apply_filters( 'wp_authenticate_user', $user, $password );
    if ( is_wp_error($user) )
        return $user;

    if ( !wp_check_password($password, $user->user_pass, $user->ID) )
        return new WP_Error( 'incorrect_password', sprintf( __( 'ERROR: The password you entered for the username %1$s is incorrect. Lost your password?' ),
        $username, wp_lostpassword_url() ) );

    return $user;
}

It gives me an error 500 on the page. The other scripts that calls this (its an external server that listen if the echo is either Success or Fail).
I know the other script works as if I only do a php page that does echo 'Success'; it allows me to login.
Thanks


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← Chaim Weizmann by Mary Grey
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Biography: Anthony Ashley, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury by Mary Grey
Anthony Ashley – Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury, 1801-1885. [1]
After a lonely, loveless childhood, when, like many earlier members of the British aristocracy, the only affection the growing child received came from his nanny, Shaftesbury was elected as the Tory Member of Parliament for Woodstock in 1826 and was a strong supporter of the Duke of Wellington. Almost immediately he became a leader of the movement for factory reform. He was responsible for promoting a plethora of reform causes, including the Factory Acts of 1847 and 1853, the Ten Hour Bill, as well as the Mines and Collieries Act 1842 and the Lunacy Act 1845. One of his chief interests was the welfare of children, and he was chairman of the Ragged Schools Union and a keen supporter of Florence Nightingale. He was also involved as patron and president in the field of model dwellings companies, which sought to improve the housing of working classes in England. Today, his reputation as a reformer is better known than his support for the restoration of the Jews to Palestine.
Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury – by John Collier
Shaftesbury was a proponent of the Restoration of the Jews to the Holy Land and became President of the London Jews' Society from 1848 until his death in 1885. From the above-mentioned nanny he had imbibed a Puritanical form of Protestantism – which did not endear him to the nation, because of his severe attitude to keeping the Sabbath. He loved the biblical Book of Chronicles because it was "full of hope for the Restoration of Israel:" all his life he wore a signet ring carved with the prayer, "O pray for the peace of Jerusalem." Much of the influence he had was through Lord Palmerston, who married Shaftesbury's widowed mother-in- law. (The latter thought Shaftesbury was a saint!). Shaftesbury himself was married to Palmerston's daughter.
Victoria Clark writes ( in Allies for Armageddon, p.66): "Shaftesbury's style of religious politicking in the cause of the Jews and their homeland is what links Britain's Arthur J. Balfour and Lloyd George to America's President Harry Truman, to fundamentalist televangelists like Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson who built the American Religious Right in the 1980s and 1990s…."
The conquest of Greater Syria in 1831 by Muhammad Ali – the Ruler of Egypt throughout the 1830s – had changed the conditions under which European power politics operated in the Near East. As a consequence of that shift, Shaftesbury was able to help persuade Palmerston, then Foreign Minster (and future Prime Minister) to send a British consul to Jerusalem in 1838. As both a committed Christian and a loyal Englishman, Shaftesbury argued for a Jewish return to Palestine because of what he saw as the political and economic advantages to England and because he believed that it was God's will. He saw the conversion of the Jews as a means of bringing the whole world to faith before Christ returned.
In January 1839, Shaftesbury published an article in the Quarterly Review, which although initially commenting on the 1838 Letters on Egypt, Edom and the Holy Land (1838) by Lord Lindsay, provided the first proposal by a major politician to resettle Jews in Palestine:
The soil and climate of Palestine are singularly adapted to the growth of produce required for the exigencies of Great Britain; the finest cotton may be obtained in almost unlimited abundance; silk and madder are the staple of the country, and olive oil is now, as it ever was, the very fatness of the land. Capital and skill are alone required: the presence of a British officer, and the increased security of property which his presence will confer, may invite them from these islands to the cultivation of Palestine; and the Jews', who will betake themselves to agriculture in no other land, having found, in the English consul, a mediator between their people and the Pacha, will probably return in yet greater numbers, and become once more the husbandmen of Judaea and Galilee.(Cited in Victoria Clark, Allies for Armageddon, p.67)
On the 4th November 1840 he placed an advert in The Times to make his purpose clear. [2] He then turned his attention to the appointment of a vice-consul, William Young, (who then became consul) and then a bishopric in Jerusalem. Under joint British and Prussian auspices this was founded in 1841. The first Bishop was Michael Solomon Alexander, a former Rabbi. Thus Christ Church, an Anglican Church near the Jaffa Gate in the Old City was dedicated in 1845. The ministry of Bishop Alexander was not notably successful- his converts were very few – and he died through a heart attack in 1846. Shaftesbury was stricken: have we run counter to the will of God? – was his reaction.
The next step was to map Palestine, and Shaftesbury was one of those involved is setting up the Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF) in 1865.
The lead-up to the Crimean War (1854), like the military expansionism of Muhammad Ali two decades earlier, signaled an opening for realignments in the Near East. In July 1853, Shaftesbury wrote to Prime Minister Aberdeen – the fourth Earl of Aberdeen, with strong evangelical connections, that Greater Syria was "a country without a nation" in need of "a nation without a country… Is there such a thing? To be sure there is, the ancient and rightful lords of the soil, the Jews!"
In his diary that year he wrote "these vast and fertile regions will soon be without a ruler, without a known and acknowledged power to claim dominion. The territory must be assigned to someone or other… There is a country without a nation; and God now in his wisdom and mercy, directs us to a nation without a country." This is commonly cited as an early use of the phrase, "A land without a people for a people without a land" which had inspired Israel Zangwill and Theodor Herzl to use the phrase "A land of no people for a people with no land."
Shaftesbury's support for the Jewish restoration was not only a question of public campaigning: it was reflected in his personal meditations. Donald Lewis cites from his diary in 1843, October 8th:
Sunday. Nuremberg. Fallen from its high estate, and yet a great city. Why has she thus fallen? She pays the price of cruelty and injustice, of violence and oppression towards God's ancient people, whom no one has ever afflicted without smarting for the sin. She banished them from her borders (Lewis, p.157)
This is only one example for Shaftesbury's very noticeable reverence for Jewish people which increased over time. His efforts for the restoration never declined.
But, in the end, as Stephen Sizer wrote:
Like Moses, Shaftesbury did not live to see his "promised land" realized. However, through his lobbying, writings and public speaking, he did more than any other British politician to inspire a generation of Joshuas to translate his religious vision into a political reality. (Christian Zionism, p.61).
He pre-empted the demise of the Ottoman Empire by 60 years. Yet, despite his great achievements, as Donald Lewis says:
In at least two matters, however, Shaftesbury was profoundly misled. (Lewis, p.156)
First, he overestimated what he considered the universal desire of European Jews to return to Palestine. (The greatest enthusiasm in fact came from some deeply religious E. European Jews, influenced by Kabbalistic interpretations of the Book of Zohar, which had predicted a Jewish return in 1839-1840). Although Shaftesbury knew that Sir Moses Montefiori, (1784-1885) the wealthy businessman, had made it one of his life-causes to induce thousands of Jews to return to the Bible lands, yet he did not expect rich Jews but Rabbinical Jews all over Europe to grasp this opportunity. But, as was the case, 60 years later, with Edwin Montagu, for example, the more emancipated and assimilated they became, the less they wanted to hear any talk of Jewish nationhood.
His second mistake was to over-estimate the number of Jews in Palestine as over 40,000, when the reality was that they were about 6,000. He had never been to Palestine and can be criticized for never giving the situation of the Arab people any consideration. Although his personal respect for the Jewish people is beyond question, and though he regarded it as a unique Anglican vocation to right the wrongs of the way the Jews had been treated, Barbara Tuchman adds another – possibly exaggerated – criticism:
Despite all his zeal on the Jews' behalf, it is doubtful if Lord Shaftesbury ever thought of them as a people with their own language and traditions, their own Torah and law and spiritual guides honoured through a hundred generations. To him as to all the Israel-for-prophecy's-sake school, the Jews were simply the instrument through which the Biblical prophecy could be fulfilled. They were not a people, but a mass error that must be brought to a belief in Christ in order that the whole chain reaction leading to the Second Coming and the redemption of mankind might be set in motion.
(Barbara Tuchman, Bible and Sword, p.115.)
Even given this criticism – and others – no one denies that Shaftesbury's influence in the path to the Balfour Declaration was considerable.
Mary Grey, May 1st 2012
1. Sources include Wikipedia, Stephen Sizer, Christian Zionism- Road Map to Armageddon,(Leicester: Intervarsity Press 2004), Victoria Clark, Allies for Armageddon, (Yale University Press 2007), Donald M. Lewis, The Origins of Christian Zionism (Cambridge University Press 2010), Barbara Tuchman, Bible and Sword:England and Palestine from the Bronze Age to Balfour, (New York University Press 1956)
2. Other sources say 9th March.
This entry was posted in Biographies, Christian Zionism and tagged 19th Century, Christian Zionism, Jew, London Jews Society, Palestine, Palestine Restortion Fund, Palmerston, restorationism. Bookmark the permalink.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Provide comfort for the family of Americo Colaianni with a meaningful gesture of sympathy.
Mr. Americo "Ricky" Colaianni, a life-long resident of South Philadelphia, passed away peacefully at Kennedy Health System, Washington Township, NJ on Friday, February 22, 2019. He was 97 years of age.
Ricky was an outgoing, friendly man who loved life. A part of "The Greatest Generation", he proudly served in the United States Army during World War II. Prior to retirement, Ricky worked with his brothers in the family business Colonial Salvage for many years.
He is the beloved husband of the late Anna (nee Loscalzo); devoted father of Carmella Giancaterino (Leonard) and Ernest Colaianni (Monica); loving grandpop of Christian Giancaterino (Kelly), Carly Corwonski (Steve), Ernest Colaianni (Kayla) and Brianna Colaianni (Jim Hertkorn) and special great grandpop of Christian and Caroline Giancaterino; also survived by many nieces, nephews, cousins and friends.
Relatives and friends are invited to celebrate 97 great years by attending his viewing 9-9:45 AM and Funeral Mass 10 AM Wednesday in Stella Maris Church, 2901 S. 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19148.
To send flowers to the family of Americo Colaianni, please visit our Heartfelt Sympathies Store.
We encourage you to share any memorable photos or stories about Americo. All tributes placed on and purchased through this memorial website will remain on in perpetuity for generations.
Marie Cataldo, Jackie, Pete, Max & Sawyer Gulbrandsen, and others have sent flowers to the family of Americo Colaianni.
Ernie and Monica. My deepest sympathy yo you and your family for your loss.
Marie Cataldo purchased flowers for the family of Americo Colaianni.
Jackie, Pete, Max & Sawyer Gulbrandsen purchased flowers for the family of Americo Colaianni.
Jeri L. Cesarone purchased flowers for the family of Americo Colaianni.


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Tag Archives: bid
South American Firms Begin Exporting Cannabis To Germany
In a sign of how widely the German government is now casting its net for medical cannabis, even South America is not off the table. At the end of last month, two firms– one from Uruguay and another from Columbia- announced that they would begin importing medical cannabis of the THC and CBD kind.
Fotmer Life Sciences (from Uruguay) and Clever Leaves (Columbia) are entering a market where domestic cultivation has been on the drawing board for two years so far, but so far, brought down by lawsuits.
At present, Aphria, Aurora and Wayland are the big Canadians in front position on the German bid- but so far that is only importing. There are legal challenges against what appears to be the domestic cultivation licenses that appear so far to be unresolved. And against that backdrop, the big Canadians are also facing competition from indie German distributors now casting a wide net for product, globally.
Due to the timing of the announcement from South America and the firm involved in the import, CanSativa GmbH is clearly connected to the large gap in demand that is now developing in the German market and supply requirements. Further CanSativa is also a German firm engaged in what insiders on the ground admit is basically the only way to enter the market here right now, namely via an agreement with one of the new (and Frankfurt-based) distributors who are interested in this space.
Cannabis Central Is Not Berlin
To the great surprise of outsiders, who have long believed that Berlin is the center of all things cannabis in Germany, CanSativa is now one of quite a few firms who have not only called Frankfurt home, but have begun to put the city on the global cannabis map. That started of course with MedCann GmbH (later acquired by Canopy Growth), now with a huge new office in the center of the banking district.
However that also includes the now controversial Farmako, and several other new distributors who are setting up shop with a "Mainhatten" address.
Why Frankfurt? It has one of the best and busiest airports in the world just 20 minutes from the center of the city, and of course, it is home to the Deutsche Börse, the center of not only German, but European finance.
What Does This Announcement Mean?
For those interested now in setting sail for Europe, there is clearly a strategic path to get there, even if it means picking up stakes and setting down cultivation roots in places where there is an ex-im market. While the announcement about Latin American exports is not unexpected, it is also surprising that the very competitive young distributors now popping up in Germany, in particular, cannot find closer sources to bring cannabis into the country from.
However, it is early days yet. The Israelis are coming as of this summer. German inspectors are also on the ground in Macedonia through June, certifying the early movers in the market there to begin importing presumably just before Israel enters the global ex-im business, finally.
There will also be an uptick in firms exporting at least medical grade (GMP-certified) CBD and hemp in the direction of Europe from the United States, although at present that traffic is a trickle as firms begin to find out about the possibility.
Regardless of the source, however, the news is yet another sign that the medical market is taking root, no matter how ambiguous the numbers still are, and no matter how hard it is on the ground to obtain.
Cannabis is now, indeed, entering Europe via Germany from all over the world, and it's only going to get hotter this year.
Why International Trade Agreements Are Shaping The Cannabis Industry
If you have wondered over the past several years, why the big Canadian companies (in particular) are following the global strategy they are, there is actually a fairly simple answer: Newly implementing trade agreements, particularly between Europe and North America.
More specifically, they are highly technical trade agreements that are also called Mutual Recognition Agreements, (or MRAs).
In fact, look at the schedule of the MRA agreements signed between the U.S. and individual EU countries over the last several years, and it also looks like a map of the countries that have not only legalized at least medical cannabis, but where the big Canadian companies (in particular) have begun to establish operations outside of their home country.
But what is going on is actually more than just CETA-related and also will affect cannabis firms south of the Canadian-U.S. border.
All of these swirling currents are also why the most recent MRA to come into full force in July this year, between the U.S. and Europe, is so interesting from the cannabis perspective. Even before federal reform in the U.S. If this sounds like a confusing disconnect, read on.
What Are MRAs?
MRAs are actually a form of highly specialized trade agreement that allow trading countries to be certain that the pharmaceuticals they purchase from abroad are equivalent to what is produced at home. This includes not only ingredients but processing procedures, production plant hygiene, testing, labeling and more.
When it comes to the EU-US MRA agreement, this means that individual states of the EU can now recognize the American Food and Drug Administration (or FDA) as an effective federal regulator of American pharmaceutical production that is equal to the procedures in Europe. US GMP standards, in other words, will be recognized as equal to those of EU states.
This will now also, by definition, include GMP-certified medical cannabis formulations.
What is so intriguing, however, is how this development will actually place certain American (and Canadian) manufacturers in a first place position to import cannabis into Europe ahead of the rest of the American cannabis industry.
What Are Mutual Recognition Agreements All About?
One of the most important quality and consumer safety aspects of establishing a clean supply chain is tied up in the concept of GMPs (Good Manufacturing Practices). These are procedures, established by compliant producers of pharmaceuticals, to ensure seed (or source) to sale reliability of the medication they make. In the cannabis industry, particularly in the advent of Canadian-European transatlantic trade in cannabis, this has been the first high hurdle to accept and integrate on the Canadian side.
If European countries recognize a country's GMP certifications are equivalent to its own, in other words, and cannabis is legal for export, a country can enter the international cannabis market without facing bans, in-country inspections and the like. In the interim, imported products still have to be batch tested until the agreements are fully accepted and operational.
Israel, for example, already had an MRA with the EU, and medical cannabis is legal in the country. However, Israel was prevented from selling cannabis abroad until a legislative change domestically, passed on Christmas Day.
That is why the MRA agreement between the US and EU with Canadian companies in the middle also put both Israeli and U.S. firms at an extreme disadvantage in comparison. Both in entering the market in the first place, and of course associated discussions, like the German tender bid. That is now changing- and as of this year.
A Specialized Map Of Global Medical Cannabis Exporters
Ironically, what the new US-EU MRA could also well do is create a channel for pharmaceutical cannabis from the United States to Europe (certainly on the hemp and CBD front) just as Israel is expected to enter the international cannabis export industry (later this summer or fall). It could well be also, particularly given the Trump Administration's tendency to want to not only "put America first" if not pull off "a better deal" in general and about everything, that this is why President Trump offered the delay to Israel's president Benjamin Netanyahu in the first place.
Regardless of the international individual developments and subtleties however, what is very clear that from the time the first bid stalled in Germany in the summer of 2017 until now, the U.S.-EU MRA has been in the room even if not named specifically as a driver.
For example, the FDA confirmed the capability of Poland and Slovenia to carry out GMP inspections in February of 2019. It was only last fall that Aurora pulled off its licensing news in the former (on the same day licensing reform was announced by the government). Denmark was recognized in November of last year during the first year of its "medical cannabis pilot progam." Greece was recognized in March 2018. Italy, Malta, Spain and the UK came online in November of 2017.
Overlay this timetable with a map of cannabis reform (and beyond that, cannabis production) and the logic starts to look very clear.
The upshot, in other words, is that while cannabis still may be "stigmatized" if not still "illegal" in many parts of the world, more generalized, newly negotiated and implementing, specialized global trade agreements between the US, Europe and Canada in particular have been driving the development of certain segments of the cannabis industry globally and since about 2013.
The Biggest News?
As of this year, as a result, expect at least from the GMP-certified front at least, that such international trade will also include medical cannabis from the U.S.
Want an example of the same? First on that list if not early in the game will now undoubtedly be Canadian-based Canopy Growth, with Acreage on board, headquartered in New York.
Canopy Growth Makes Multi-Billion Dollar Conditional Acquisition Deal
The first German cannabis bid may have come to an end more or less, and with a whimper rather than a bang (not to mention the inevitable still-to-be-settled legal challenges). However even as the dust settles, one of the biggest "names" in cannabis and the company formerly expected to win at least a few of the tender lots is looking elsewhere.
Namely Canopy Growth, which was a finalist in the first round of the tender, has not shown up as a finalist firm in Germany this time (at least not so far).
However, it is clear the firm has other intentions afoot, namely U.S. expansion.
In an unprecedented move, Canopy announced its intent to buy the largest U.S. based producer of cannabis, a firm called Acreage Holdings, just before Easter. The conditional deal is being consummated in both cash ($300 million) plus stock swaps, and will not finally close until federal reform has come in the U.S. In fact, the deal makes the bet that the entire issue of U.S. federal reform will be solved within the next decade.
In the meantime, however, what this also does is place one of the world's largest cannabis companies in the middle of what is largely seen as the world's most valuable overall cannabis market. Further it does so in an environment where the company benefits from Acreage's considerable market and political clout. Former speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives John Boehner (a fierce opponent of legalization until it was personally convenient and profitable) is on the board of Acreage.
But there are those who might still be confused about why this deal happened. Canopy after all is fond of saying that its first focus is the "more valuable" medical rather than recreational market. And the U.S. market has many challenges still, that stem from a lack of federal reform. In fact, Canopy has frequently said in the past that they would not enter the U.S. until federal reform occurs. What gives?
What The Deal Also Does…
It is not "just" entry into the U.S. recreational market, albeit still on a state level that is significant about the deal. That starts with its timing.
When trying to understand the motivations of Canadian cannabis companies, especially ones who have eschewed the U.S. market in the past (at least until federal reform passes), it is also necessary to understand that they operate in a shifting world of global strategy that is never as straightforward as one might think. And often has nothing to do with cannabis per se.
Namely, while this deal places Canopy in the middle of the U.S. state industry it also does something else. It positions Canopy as a U.S. producer just two months after a new international pharmaceutical trade deal went into force (on February 8) called an MRA.
MRA agreements, also known as Mutual Recognition Agreements, are essentially trade deals between countries to accept the equivalency of their pharmaceutical production and supply chain.
On the cannabis front, the existence of MRAs between existing countries as cannabis has become legal, has also largely dictated the new international cannabis trade (see Canada and Germany as a perfect example) although this has been held as a closely held secret by the largest cannabis company executives (some of whom have previously denied that this was driving their expansion across Europe).
However, thanks to the agreement on this MRA in February, as of July of this year, Europe and the U.S. will formally kick off a situation where the European and therefore German health authorities will formally recognize American GMP processes.
That means that on the pharma front, Canopy has also essentially re-entered the European market, albeit by a bit of a backdoor. It also means that Canopy can immediately start to import cannabis drugs at least, made in the U.S. into the European and by extension, German market.
Cannabis drugs have been going in the opposite direction across the Atlantic to the U.S. for at least a year now (see the GW Pharma's Epidiolex adventure last year). And further over the U.S.-Canadian border if now only bound for academic research (see Tilray).
It also may mean that they can import medical cannabis itself to be used as "medicine" or processed into one in Europe.
Does This Mean That U.S. Federal Reform Is Imminent?
Not necessarily. In fact, keeping the U.S. market in general out of the global cannabis trade, while allowing the top companies to participate both in the cross-state market and the global pharmaceutical one benefits the biggest companies. Conveniently, this also allows U.S. cannabis "pharmaceutical" producers to enter the EU in force just as Israel is expected to (third quarter this year). This also puts the "deal" U.S. President Trump and Israeli President Netanyahu cut on the subject to delay Israeli sales in an entirely new light (and one that should outrage both Americans and Israelis in the industry on this front even more). Not to mention every European hopeful producer unaware of the larger game afoot.
That said, what federal U.S. legalization will do is drop the operating costs of the larger U.S. entities now engaged in multi-state operations.
Cannabis in other words is not likely to be legalized in the U.S. before the next presidential elections for reasons that have everything to do with the profits of a few – and for that reason will certainly be a major theme in the next national political race.
And in the meantime, the biggest companies, Canopy included, are not only laughing all the way to the bank (although their shareholders are another story), but setting themselves up to be at the ground floor DNA of the global cannabis business as it establishes itself in every country of the world.
German Cultivation Bid Appears To Have Three Finalists
The Frankfurt-based newspaper Handelsblatt Zeitung is reporting that three Canadian firms (actually two Canadians and a German start-up cofounded by another Canadian company) have now been selected as the first cannabis cultivation bid finalists, however insiders on the ground say that this is not necessarily a final decision.
A Berlin-based subsidiary of Wayland in Germany called Demecan, along with Aphria and Aurora have all been named as bid finalists pending a normal review period.
However, there are other complications still looming. This is far from over.
The first issuance of the bid in 2017 went down in court over a technical fault on the part of the issuing agency. The current iteration was posted last summer and saw its application moved several times because of further legal challenges.
As Peter Homburg, partner and head of the European Cannabis Group at Dentons said when contacted by Cannabis Industry Journal, "This is of course not an official announcement. I have a tendency to believe that others involved in the tender process historically may well challenge this decision."
BfArM, the federal German agency in charge of the cannabis cultivation tender process, did not respond to a request for a comment as of press time.
The Decision Is Far From Over
Here are the basic challenges still ahead:
There is a lawsuit pending against the bid itself from applicants that has yet to be decided. The Klage (formal hearing in court) is due next week. If that does not derail the process, here are the next considerations.
While all three firms named in the bid have international reputations, there are some pending questions.
Wayland is far ahead of the other two firms in terms of production capability in the country. Their facility in eastern Germany has just been certified GMP standard – which means they are qualified to produce the quality of flower required for medical consumption. This news is also far from a surprise.
As Ben Ward, CEO of Wayland Group, commented when contacted by CIJ for a response via email: "At Wayland, we believe in meaningful partnerships, investing in Germany from day one, demonstrating a long-term commitment to the market," says Ward. "Wayland GmbH is a German company, operated by Germans, existing in Dresden and Munich and is committed to this market. The companies awarded lots received the allocation based on a rigorous application process, not media sensation."
Of all the Canadian firms, in fact, despite its lack of high-flying stock price, Wayland has made the most concerted effort to show its commitment to producing in Germany by a large investment of capital and expertise. Further, the firm has shown itself to be the most culturally sensitive to German culture, including hiring a female member to the board (a hot topic far from the cannabis industry). However, there are other issues looming. On the same day that Wayland issued a press release announcing its position in the bid, it also issued one announcing the merger talks with ICC had failed.
The second is that Aphria's main cultivation center in Canada is not EU-GMP certified although they have applied for the same and now also own one of Germany's largest distributors (with approximately a 6% market share).
Other firms not only kicked off the entire cannabis discussion in Germany, but have established GMP-compliant facilities both in Canada and across Europe, namely Canopy Growth, which was widely believed to have also applied to the second tender. However prevailing rumours about a Canadian "crop failure" in British Columbia (described by the company as a deliberate destruction of plants created by delays in the licensing process) last fall may have also played a role in the German decision.
Aurora is also in interesting waters. Having distinguished itself as Canopy's closest rival across Europe, winning significant kudos in Denmark, Italy, Poland and Luxembourg last year, the company is also clearly not "just" a medical cannabis company and apparently was refused an opportunity to go public on the Deutsche Börse last fall. The selection of the firm by BfArm for the bid in a situation where the company is on a watch list created by the stock market regulatory agency in Frankfurt is also an intriguing one. Especially given the company's announcement of its Polish success on the same day as the decision to import was announced, and the fact that so far it is the only Canadian cannabis company to successfully import to Luxembourg.
And The Import Game Is Just Getting Hot…
The unsurprising news that the bid appears to be moving forward is actually not the hottest news in Europe right now. The reality on the ground is already shifting. Several weeks ago, a Frankfurt-based distribution start-up announced that they had successfully imported cannabis into the country from Macedonian-based Nysk Holdings via Poland.
At the International Cannabis Business Conference (ICBC) in Berlin last weekend, Australian producers (for one) were also reporting a German demand for their product that was greater than they could fill. And there were many Israelis present for what is expected to be an official opening of their import ability by the third quarter of this year.
Price Wars Are Looming
The bid itself is going to have a powerful impact on pricing in both the German and European market beyond that. It represents the first time in any country that a government has attempted to pre-negotiate prices for the drug as a narcotic beyond Israel and in this case, it will have at least regional implications.
At the same time, it is also clear that producers like Nysk and beyond them, Israeli and Australian firms (in particular) are actively finding ways to have their product enter the country- and further at prices that are catching the Canadians on the hop. Indeed Aurora is reporting that it actually lowered its "usual" prices to win European contracts which have been reported as being 3.2 euros a gram in Italy and 2.5 euros a gram in Luxembourg.
To put this in perspective, this is a range of about CA$3-5 a gram of flower which is also well below what Canopy (for one) has reported selling its product even to recreational users in Canada and significantly below medical export prices as reported by recent company corporate reports.
Wayland in contrast, is reporting that its production price in Germany will be at least a euro-per-gram cheaper than this. Or in other words, more in line with prices expected to be generated from both the bid itself and the cannabis now entering the country from other sources.
And of course, this is only the first of what is expected to be a series of new tenders. The original amount, itself increased in the two years the issue has been pending, is clearly not enough to even begin to meet demand as proved by the levels of competitively priced imports now entering the country.
Beyond questions about whether this time the tender will actually stand, are those now pending about new ones potentially in the offing – and not just in Germany but across Europe as cannabis continues to see a very green spring.
European Moves Signal Green Spring For Cannabis
It is hard to believe that two years have passed since the German government changed the law to mandate insurance coverage of cannabis by public health insurers. It is not so much the passing of time, but what has and what has not happened here on the ground during this stretch.
This is borne out by a quick overview of regional developments just in the last few weeks on the ground across the European Union.
The country that is still given credit for kicking off the whole medical cannabis enchilada discussion on a formal, federal level in Europe, still has not issued its first domestic cannabis cultivation tender. It will be two years this April since the initiative was first announced. Since then, several lawsuits have derailed the process, BfArM, the federal agency in charge of the tender, has admitted to a "technical fault," and, presumably after the next round in court, the agency might be able to get on with business. The next date of note is April 10 (when the lawsuit will be heard in Dusseldorf).
Hopefully, this also means that the domestic cultivation of cannabis will finally begin (according to the agency) by, at latest, the fourth quarter of 2020. In the meantime, look for the awarding of bid finalists (or in the worst case, one more bid issuance after April) this year.
In the meantime, and even according to BfArM's press statements, the import industry will fill in the gaps- meaning that by the time cultivation actually gets under way for real here, it will already be swamped, in terms of volume, by imports.
Where those imports will come from is another discussion. Right now, the only two countries with import rights for cannabis into Deutschland are Holland and Canada. Expect that to change this year, with Israel, Portugal, Spain and potentially even Greece all being very likely contenders.
Significantly, this tiny, non-EU but Schengen state is considering a pilot to study recreational cannabis. Namely, 5,000 recreational users could soon be recruited to help the government set the rules for a fully recreational market, presumably sometime in the near future.
Switzerland has led the discussion in the region on several fronts- notably setting the pace on CBD sales and continuing to air debates about how profitable the fully recreational industry will be for the public purse.
Bern, the capital of Switzerland
Photo: martin_vmorris
It is all very intriguing, particularly to neighbouring DACH state, Germany, but don't expect the Swiss to do anything too outrageous on the legalization front- namely step too far out in front of either the UN or the European Parliament. Or anger their other DACH trade partner, Austria, who has taken the extreme polar opposite approach to all things CBD.
So to the extent that the Swiss have very much led the charge on the CBD front, such policies have not and will certainly not be copied across Europe (and has not been so far) any time soon. See the controversies over "novel foods" popping up not only in Austria, but Spain too.
Regardless, like Luxembourg, the Swiss are eyeing this new industry and proceeding cautiously in line with larger, international regulations that so far have led the pack on tweaking, testing and presumably changing in the next couple of years.
There are at least 200,000 people who currently use the fully leaded THC version of the drug illegally. Those who would qualify for the pilot study (only one of several proposed as the country considers the impact of cannabinoids from all angles) would have to be adults who already use the drug.
Stay tuned. This will certainly be one interesting trial.
Belgium has also just announced the formation of its own "Cannabis Agency." The new agency will, just as in Germany, oversee the development of the industry domestically- namely issuing licenses for production and import and overseeing quality.
Does this mean a Belgian cultivation bid is on the horizon? Could be. Although so far, no country except Greece has engaged in any large-scale cultivation effort commissioned by the government. And no country except Germany has so far issued a public tender. Even Italy proceeded with a unique hybrid last year when the military essentially turned over the domestic production it controlled over to Aurora.
This too is also likely to be an interesting space over the next few years.
A Belgian tender, right along with a Polish one (also expected after BfArM successfully executes at least one) may well be in the offing this year. This may also put additional heat on the German agency to bite the bullet and issue cultivation licenses by the end of 2019 no matter what happens in Dusseldorf in April.
Where Is The German Cultivation Bid?
For those following the German cultivation bid drama, there appears to be a real light at the end of a now two year tunnel– driven by a domestic demand that essentially requires that there be no more delays.
Then again, given developments so far, who knows really what will happen in April. It could be a whole new "fresh start" for a much-beleaguered process or it could just go down as yet another "train" on the basis of a "technical fault."
One thing is for sure: BfArM again appears to be cautiously optimistic. Yet they have been there before, too. Yes, there is a rising patient count. But there are also now many other import options and cheaper prices coming into the EU. As a result, there is still the likelihood, however implausible, that the German government will want to kick this can a bit further down the road.
German Parliament Building
What is the newest development? In late January, BfArM, the German equivalent to the FDA and the agency in charge of oversight and regulation of all medicines and medical devices, issued a press release about the status of the cannabis cultivation bid they are tasked with overseeing.
If things are not taken off track by the next still pending lawsuit (due to be heard by the high court in Dusseldorf on 10 April of this year), the agency will award the bid. Not before, as the press release also states categorically.
There is no award date yet of course. However, if the court case is decided in favour of BfArM this time (namely defending their exclusion of a bidder even though the deadline was delayed again for seven weeks last fall), there is reason to believe the public airing of that final list of license holders will be released soon after. That means the bid decision could come as soon as the next day and certainly by the end of April.
There were over 200 questions asked of the agency this time by around 79 bidders who submitted a total of 817 bids for a total of 13 cultivation lots. No more than five lots can go to any one bidder or consortium.
The amount to be cultivated under this first bid is 10,400 kg over four years (up from the first amount). Even this is expected to be too low to meet a clear and increasing domestic demand. That said, there is clear expectation that the remainder between what is cultivated domestically and consumed will be taken up by imports (although from where was not explicitly discussed).
The agency also stressed that they are responsible only for the administration of the tender itself. They will not receive, store or redistribute the cannabis or cannabis products. Further, BfArM also stressed that they are not responsible for the regulation of the final retail price at pharmacies.
Finally, the target date for the delivery of the first crops is a conservative estimate which says two things. One, BfArM are not tipping their hand in favour of Wayland (who at present has the largest licensed GMP facility in the country), and second, they are leaving themselves and bid respondents a little more wiggle room. Just in case. For whatever reason.
As the bid states, successful respondents do not need to have suitable real estate under contract until the finalists are announced, but if they are awarded the bid, they will have to not only move fast to secure a facility, but also set up a grow facility that can be certified in the next interim period.
By way of contrast, Wayland announced its purchase of the Ebersbach facility in the summer of 2017. They have just received, 18 months later, their GMP certification. Anyone starting from scratch, in other words, would have to move at least as fast as Wayland has. If not a bit faster, considering that Wayland is already up and running, and at this point certified.
The entire cannabis legalization discussion has been caught up in the cultivation bid since the beginning. Patients in fact, lost their temporary right to grow if they could not afford the expensive cannabis being sold in pharmacies before 2017. After the law changed, only licensed and regulated operators were allowed to distribute the imported variety and then only from Holland and Canada.
Since then, the first cultivation bid went down in a legal challenge, the price of cannabis at the retail end has effectively increased at least 1,000 euros a month and there are as many as 80,000 German patients taking some kind of cannabinoid, mostly for chronic pain.
It is insurers, in other words, at least as much and now more than patients who are now on the sharp and expensive end of the stick.
Then again, until the actual announcement from the Dusseldorf high court if not BfArM itself, expect late breaking developments and drama until the very end.However, the interim frustrating period auf Deutschland plus the continuing needle of political reform just about everywhere (certainly in Europe) has changed the scenery dramatically in just two years. There are cultivation operations in Spain and Portugal with crops ready to be exported to the German consumer. Eastern Europe and Italy are also cultivating. Greece is preparing to. And Israel finally allowed its producers to jump into the medical game globally.
Prices will inevitably come down. The German government and insurance industry beyond that are two powerful drivers to insure the same. And a big part in bringing that price down is setting a bid reference price to begin with.
The situation, in other words, is being staged to move into the next "four-year plan" where Germany begins to understand how widely effective cannabinoids can be, for what conditions and what kind of delivery mechanisms work best for different patients.
It also aligns the country's medical program perfectly with Luxembourg's own four-year medical trial and now stated timeline of ensuring there is recreational reform by 2022.
All of which, in other words, also spells victory and potentially the end game to the first part of the German medical cannabis cultivation question and a larger first step for the EU beyond that to finally end medical cannabis prohibition.
Then again, until the actual announcement from the Dusseldorf high court if not BfArM itself, expect late breaking developments and drama until the very end.
Wayland Group's GMP Certification Begins To Clarify German Cultivation Scenarios
Wayland Group just announced that they received GMP (good manufacturing practices) and GDP (good distribution practices) certification for their Ebersbach facility near Dresden, Germany. The plant already produced 2,400 kg of CBD isolate last year.
The certifications give Wayland the right to sell directly into German and other EU markets, and more significantly, the ability to store bulk product domestically.They have, by far, the largest cultivation site now legal in the country, with distribution to not only German pharmacies, but Europe beyond that.
Wayland is also widely believed to have applied for the much-stalled German cultivation bid. With per-gram production prices at Ebersbach cited at 1.34 euros, this certainly also sends an interesting message about who might win what in the bid, and where the price of cannabis might be headed.
Currently, cannabis is being sold to pharmacies in Germany at prices almost twice the retail price per gram in Canada. In turn, this means that the "retail" price of floss (flower) is running much higher than it is in more established markets (read Canada and of course the U.S.). Point of sale prices in Germany, for example, run between $2-3,000 per month per user. That is an era that is clearly also now coming to an end.
The Cultivation Bid
With the news of Wayland's certifications, comes an almost certainty that they will become finalists in the pending cultivation bid in Germany. Why? They have, by far, the largest cultivation site now legal in the country, with distribution to not only German pharmacies, but Europe beyond that.
If Bedrocan was the incumbent favorite to win the majority of the licenses handed out to any one firm (especially given the recent increase in cannabis allowed to be sold into Germany across the Dutch border), this places Wayland in a strong second. If Bedrocan is not involved in the bid, this news might indicate that Wayland might be the largest winner in German cultivation licenses this time around.
The plot indeed thickens.
Prices: In General, Across Europe
The firm will be providing product, no matter what the outcome of the bid, at a production price, which is in line with the widely estimated requirements of the bid itself. Winning firms must also be able to provide pricing that is competitive to each other. It is unclear where the government will set that floor, but all medical cannabis sold in Germany after that, will then be competing with that price.
Could it be that the reference price of cannabis, in other words, has just been indirectly announced with the Wayland certifications?
Then there is this wrinkle. Given that production in Germany is more expensive than other countries in Europe (see Portugal, Spain and Greece in particular), the difference in labor costs may still outweigh the costs of shipping across the continent. Or, as the market gets going, it may not. Regardless, in a country like Germany where drug prices are routinely pre-negotiated in bulk by the government, cannabis prices will start to be regulated in a way they have not in other places, notably Canada. This means that heady visions of "mark-ups" to meet a so far unmet demand are also probably not in the cards, although government supported cannabis exports might be.
Insurance "Brands" And Bulk Buys Ahead?
Then there is this intriguing wrinkle. German "public" insurance patients (in other words 90% of the population) are not always free to choose the products they use. Why not? Beyond bulk purchases by the government, insurance companies are also allowed to enter into bulk contracts with some providers, namely medical equipment manufacturers. This is sort of the same situation as visiting an "in network" provider in the United States. In other words, the equipment is free (or vastly cheaper) to the patient if the selected brand is chosen.
Could cannabis go the same route?
At this juncture, that is unclear. Dronabinol, the only widely available source of cannabinoids in the country until 2016, is considered more of a generic than "name brand." So far, neither it nor Sativex were pre-negotiated drugs. This was also for a very simple reason. There were only 800 registered patients in Germany until that year. That is far under the "orphan drug" category, which in Germany is 10,000 people. At this point, there are already much higher patient numbers (some cite as many as 79,000), with the majority of treatment going to patients with chronic pain.
By definition, this means that cannabis prices here will continue to be negotiated with little room for high mark-ups as the market consolidates. The more patients there are, the more attention will be paid to ensuring that the drug becomes affordable- not just to patients, but also insurers.
There is zero chance that the government will allow German public healthcare to be bankrupted over this still stigmatized plant, no matter how medically efficacious it is.
Germany and Israel at this point, have the longest established insurance mandate for cannabis- and in the German situation, this is now just two years old. The British NHS just announced that cannabis would be covered, with Luxembourg and Poland now also in the mix. However, the place of the insurance community in this debate is also a factor to be considered into the entire conversation as it unfolds here, beyond efficacy.
Dutch insurers in fact, stopped covering the drug almost as soon as Germany announced its own experiment.
It is unlikely that Wayland is unaware of such realities. The company has former executives from AOK on its German board. AOK is one of the largest statutory health insurers in Germany and one on the front line of cannabis reimbursements for the last two years.
Here Comes The Start-Up Nation Of Cannabis: Israel
For those who have been watching (if not in the thick of) the drama over Israeli medical cannabis export rights, this latest development was not only inevitable but overdue. Israel's parliament unanimously approved the legislation on Christmas Day (along with Thailand). Less than a month later, the cabinet concurred.
That means that export rights are now actionable law.
Beyond this final passage into reality, export rights have been at the forefront of a global drama on cannabis- most recently in this part of the world, as a specific chip in political dealmaking between U.S. President and Israel's Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu since the former entered office. This go around at least.
The political bargaining that even allowed Israel's medical program to flourish and get funding from its earliest days (including of the U.S. federal government kind) of course, is nothing new.
Pioneers Of The Cannabis Industry
Hard as it is to believe, most of what is widely known and easily digitally shared (including on social media) about cannabis (as a plant, let alone distinctions between cannabinoids) is information created during this last four to eight-year period (certainly since 2010). This has been driven by reform, and a birth of wider education about medical and recreational cannabis plus the cannabis industry and broader lifestyle press. And most of what is credible out there, no matter who claims credit today, has an Israeli origin, and of the medical kind.
Add this history of scientific research and insight to the philosophy of a nation driven by entrepreneurial zest, and say no more.
Now that Israel can begin to export its cannabis, the interesting thing to see is whether cannatech will in the end, be more valuable than individual strains themselves. The pick axe in this particular "green gold rush?"
For now, of course, all bets are off, even on the cultivation front. Because, no matter what else it is, it is well timed, globally, to give even the Israeli medical production market a big green shot in the arm.
Germany and Europe Beckons
The change in the law in Israel also comes as those who made first qualifying round in the German cultivation bid are getting prequalification letters, although this time, no firms, anywhere, have issued press releases about their finalist round status.
And here is the other issue to consider: While the bid itself does not have anything to do with import capability, new Israeli game in town is, in itself, a big game changer for anyone whose hat was thrown into the coalitions who applied for the pending cultivation license. Why? Until they deliver their first crops grown auf Deutschland, firms have to deliver from somewhere. And this being Germany, the import destination has to be from a place where the plant is federally legal. Israel becomes another option in a market so far dominated by Dutch and Canadian firms.
The Tikun Olam strain Avidekel being grown in Israel.
Can you smell new bid lawsuits also, if this scenario has not already been addressed by BfArM? The history of cannabinoids in Germany in general (historically as well as recently) is fraught already. This pending challenge, should it come, will be laden with symbology modern Germany will do everything to avoid provoking.
Beyond the soap opera that the bid has turned into in Germany (the ultimate test case for cultivation and insurance-backed medical and industry acceptance across the rest of the EU essentially), there are of course, other markets beckoning. This includes all of Eastern Europe and much of the EU. This includes France and the UK immediately.
In other words, no matter what the longer-term impacts will be, this well timed, politically astute Israeli decision is coming at the beginning of what is going to be, as everyone is clearly seeing at the end of January, a momentous and earth-shaking year not only for Europe, but globally.
And that is big business for a little country with an eye on the export game.
The Ever-Pending German Cultivation Bid
It was supposed to be cut and dried. Change the law (after getting sued by patients). Eliminate "home grow" by the same. Set up a nice, neat, efficient sub-department of the German version of the FDA (or BfArM for short). Put the bid online, in an attempt to take the paperwork out of the whole process, and let it rip.
Done and dusted by last summer. Right? Wrong.
In fact, as of now, the second bid deadline has been extended to (at least) December 2018. There is already a pending lawsuit, which has pushed the deadline back this fall several times.
BfArM as usual, is sending out non-statements. They cannot comment. This is, again, a pending EU bid.
However, this is, as Germans at least are rapidly realizing, not just another bid. To begin with, there is never a normal first in this industry. And the highly bumpy road auf Deutsch is just a redo of industry realities in every other legalizing jurisdiction.
That the dramas involved are both Shakespearean and of a lesser kind is also part of the mix. Here, for our reader's benefit, are the summaries of the acts:
Cue the German Parliament. Change the law. Issue the tender. Get sued. And this is all before last summer was over. Generally speaking that was more or less Act I.
Act II, so far, has been the response. The government, along with BfArM have been engaged in a remarkable discussion in public that is already dramatic by German standards anyway.
enterprising entities are getting import licenses.First, a federal German court called out a fault by a federal agency, which was bad enough.
However, in what appears to be an ongoing act of defence in this very strange second act indeed, BfArM appears to be playing defence to prevent any more legal action. Notably, as the threat of a second lawsuit appeared this fall against the second bid and revised bid issuance, the agency just moved the deadline back, repeatedly. It is now set for some time in December, although industry rumours suggest that the agency will continue to move the goalposts back until after the court date next spring, if necessary.
That does extend the time for intermission. In the meantime, enterprising entities are getting import licenses.
The Major Drama
As in all of the greatest acts and periods of historical change, there are far greater currents that carry the main story line forward. The revolutionary rumbles surrounding cannabis legalization earlier in the decade in the United States have now been felt on a far greater, global scale. Politically, the right to take cannabis has been tied closely to states' rights in the U.S. since the turn of the century.
Now in the second decade of all of this tumult, cannabis reform as global revolt echoes the zeitgeist of the times. The Donald is now in the second part of an already historically constitutionally convoluted time in the U.S. The U.K, potentially spurred by similar forces might appear to still be on the brink of Brexit. And the EU has begun to try to organize, both on an individual country basis as well as collectively, to deal with political populism.
Shifting regulation in Europe may be groovy, but from a public health perspective, there is much to prove.There is a great deal of political and economic discontent just about everywhere. Law suits, particularly against governments over issues as intransigent as cannabis, in other words, are a powerful tool right now for the disaffected just about everywhere. Not getting a license to grow cannabis and participate in a valuable, multi-billion dollar economy is a powerful grudge.
There is also, beyond this, the overarching flavour of a new trade agreement called CETA which specifically gives corporations the right to sue federal governments. Strange times indeed. Maybe that is why the German Minister of Health, Jens Spahn, just oversaw a historic lifting of the import quota of medical cannabis from Holland to Germany?
The Minor Drama
There are quite a few acts to this play too right now. Shifting regulation in Europe may be groovy, but from a public health perspective, there is much to prove. This is true of cannabis that is reimbursed by health insurers. It is also true of the novel food debates now springing up across the continent, particularly tied to isolates that have made their landing here.
There are also other issues in the mix that include the idea of an agriculturally based economy that might also damn the bid to a kind of strange purgatory for some time. Germans, despite their historical nostalgia for the same, are not an agrarian society. This is a culture ruled by tradition and science, for all the many conflicts that generates. This means the "cannabis as pharmaceutical" conversation is in the room is a part of the national DNA. No matter how much cheaper unprocessed flower might be.
There are two, broad camps here at the moment. The first are firms that made the cut the first time around (i.e. the large public Canadian LPs). The second is everyone else.
Nobody seriously expects more than one upstart German firm to make it through to getting a cultivation or processing license at this time. Those are widely expected to go to the major firms who have been in the front position from last spring, such as Canopy, Wayland, Aphria and the Dutch Bedrocan.
But those "upstart" Germans are furiously trying to deal themselves into the game. For some it means starting with CBD cultivation. For others it means slinging lawsuits. The last go around, one of the most serious litigants was not an agricultural producer, in fact, but a German wheelchair company.
In other words, while a bit more European in flavour, those who still clamour for a chance to cultivate are every bit as iconoclastic as those on in other climes.In the meantime, the import business is flourishing.
The Concluding Act?
There are several ways the current situation could end. The first is that the bid is concluded next April. The second is that it is not. In the meantime, the import business is flourishing. And, even better for the German government, the industry is not cultivating domestically.
In the eventuality that the bid is run off the road again next spring, in other words, the government is gamely lining up behind the idea that imports, at least for now, are the way to move into the next segue.
That said, at some point, tired of getting sued if not delayed, the German bid will conclude and German crops will be grown. For now, however, the safest conclusion for this particular drama looks to be 2019. But with plenty of room for a curtain call the year after that too.
Big Canadian LPs Announce Major German and EU Moves
Canopy Growth Corporation, continues to move aggressively across Europe to solidify its presence across the continent. As of the beginning of November, Canopy's European HQ in Frankfurt announced that the company is currently eyeing additional cultivation sites in Spain, Italy and Greece.
Aphria is also making news. The producer has just announced that it is seeking EU GMP certification and its intention to buy existing German distributor CC Pharma, with distribution reach to 13,000 pharmacies. Earlier in the year, Aphria acquired German Nuuvera, a global cannabis company currently exploring opportunities in Israel and Italy beyond Germany.
But that is also not the only thing going on "in town." Wayland Corp also has announced recently that it is going to be producing in Italy in a unique cleantech, biogas fueled facility, and even more interestingly, working with a university on high-tech absorption techniques to help standardize dosing for (at present) CBD.
The European Production Industry Is Growing At Lightning Speed
Buoyed by their experience in the Canadian market, LPs are now focusing on Europe with even more intensity as the drama over the German cultivation bid, British schedule II access (no matter what happens with Brexit), and medical cannabis reform itself unfold.
As a group, they have money and talent, but are now also aware that they are not the only game around.
Producers from the rest of the world, including South America, are increasingly eyeing the European market, frequently in combination with Canadian corporate ties (see ICC and Hexo). So are institutional investors (from the U.S. in particular). The European market represents, as a region, the first real medical market anywhere and a healthcare system set to absorb a great deal of cannabis sales.
One thing is also increasingly crystal clear. Not being in the room, especially at the top industry conferences now establishing themselves across the continent, but even more particularly in Germany, is the best way to be locked out of a highly valuable and rapidly expanding market.


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Products / The Best Kept Secret of Christian Mission
The Best Kept Secret of Christian Mission
Promoting the Gospel with More Than Our Lips
John Dickson
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This book comes out of years of reflection, failures, and some successes in the task of reaching out to others with the gospel. Many Christians think of the task of mission as an entirely verbal activity, when perhaps the best kept secret of New Testament teaching about mission is that it involves a whole range of activities that explicitly promote Christ to the world and draw others to him, and only a few of them involve speaking. Without diminishing or downplaying the importance of speaking the gospel, John Dickson shows that, on the other hand, downplaying the range of activities that promote Christ to the world has its own set of problems. It can make those who are not confident about speaking—of anything, let alone Jesus—feel inadequate and self-conscious in the task of reaching out to others. Equally, it can make those who do have a flair for speaking feel as though they are fulfilling Christ's mission just by talking. But the reality is that the Lord wants our whole life, not just our lips, in the task of bringing the gospel to the world. Every facet of our lives can be used by God to promote the news of his power and mercy. In this practical guide to the biblical art of sharing your faith, John Dickson offers refreshing insight into the ways that all Christians can and should be involved in spreading the good news of Jesus. While not all Christians are called and gifted to become evangelists, we are all called to promote the gospel through a wide range of activities—prayer, financial partnership, good deeds, godly lives, public worship, daily conversation, etc.—with and without our lips. As readers engage with this book, grapple with its arguments and hear the stories of people coming to faith, they will be inspired to see the whole of life as significant for bringing the gospel to the world, and they will be liberated out of guilt and self-consciousness in evangelism into becoming perfectly natural promoters of Jesus Christ.
John Dickson (PhD, Ancient History) is the author of more than a dozen books, Rector of St Andrew's Roseville, and a busy public speaker. He has hosted three TV documentaries and is a regular media commentator. In 2007 he founded the Centre for Public Christianity. He has held lecturing and research positions at both Macquarie University (Sydney) and the University of Sydney, where he teaches a course on the historical Jesus. A visiting academic in the department of Classics at Oxford University for 2017-18, he lives in Sydney with his wife and three children.
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text:
Hagenomyia posterior is een insect uit de familie van de mierenleeuwen (Myrmeleontidae), die tot de orde netvleugeligen (Neuroptera) behoort.

Hagenomyia posterior is voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door Navás in 1931.

Mierenleeuwen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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I just had a great weekend! Went to my friends wedding and it was wonderful!!! But the best part of my weekend is doing a little bit of spring cleaning. We have a 2-car garage and ever since we move in, we can barely fit one car in there to park. My husband have a habit of hoarding stuff and he gets sentimental with his things and cant get rid of them. So everything that i didnt want in the house is in the garage. But this weekend he just finally got rid of most of it and now we can actually park both our cars now. Thought ill just share that with you.
lovely outfit!! i adore your blouse so cute!!
Hi Lala, Love your post.
I have nominated you for Liebster Blog award. Please visit ,my post and accept the award.
I love flip flops. Glad you cleared some space, always a good feeling!
I just started spring cleaning myself:) And love the cute outfit!
Must be so nice to be able to park both cars in there now- nice work!!
Isn't it the best feeling to get rid of stuff? I'm so happy for you two. Love your outfit! Very cute!
Spring cleaning is the best!
Cute top!! We have been spring cleaning a little too!
I'm definitely the hoarder in my house. It's a hard habit to break!
I need to do SO much cleaning, especially in my closet! It's such a mess.
Love the pattern of your top!
Cute shirt Lala! FYI I'm doing my first giveaway on Friday and I hope you'll stop by!
We are definitely overdue for a good spring cleaning of our house. Love your shirt, you look so cute!
That's awesome! I've been needing to do that for some time too!
wow this is such a cute look! both shorts and the shirt are perfect for this spring time! I love it!
Thank you for your comment, I really appriciate it!
spring cleaning is the best.
I love leopard clothing, love the blouse! My husband doesnt want to get rid of things for sentimental reasons as well. I know how you feel!


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China Vows Retaliation After U.S. Imposes Sanctions for Interference in Hong Kong
by Audrey Chaney | Jul 16, 2020 | News & Events |
President Donald Trump yesterday signed legislation to impose sanctions on China in response to its interference with Hong Kong's autonomy. The executive order ends the preferential treatment that Hong Kong has long enjoyed, clarifies that Hong Kong will now be treated the same as mainland China.
"No special privileges, no special economic treatment and no export of sensitive technologies. In addition to that, we are placing massive tariffs and have placed very large tariffs on China," said Trump.
China's foreign ministry said on Wednesday Beijing will impose retaliatory sanctions against U.S. individuals and entities in response to the law targeting banks, though the statement released through state media did not reference the executive order.
The law, dubbed the Hong Kong Autonomy Act, would impose mandatory sanctions on Chinese officials and companies that helped back Beijing's imposition of a security law that clamps down on dissent in Hong Kong. The sanctions bill passed both houses of Congress earlier this month.
The COVID-19 pandemic has thrown into question the status of Trump's long-sought trade deal with Beijing, the first phase of which was signed by both US and China earlier this year. The world's two largest economies are continuing with the struggle to mend trade relations.


Malware - a dangerous software to infect your machine. Basically, it is malevolent software mainly designed by the attackers to get your personal information and prevent your computer from functioning well. These infections can appear in the form of scripts, code, active content or other software. Malware, more precisely is a general term for all computer threats including ransomware, viruses, Trojan horses, keyloggers, rootkits, adware, spyware, dialers and other malicious program.
You work very hard to secure your machine from the malevolent thugs of the online world. You evade the questionable websites; you keep the antivirus software up-to-date and further keep yourself restricted from opening suspicious email attachments. Moreover, you keep Adobe Reader, Flash and Java up-to-date or much better; you make a habit of living without them.
However, against all the odds, malware and Trojan horse are clever enough to slip in and crack your machine. Scanning is the most common method to remove the malware. However, before you do that, first determine what the problem is; learn the way to scan and various systematic ways to protect your machine from imminent invasions.
Are you sure your computer is infected? Yes, it is important to identify. Recognize whether it is really dealing with a virus or it is a software or hardware problem. Look for the sure signs of threats. Despite of the inability, here are some of the instances which can speak loud to tell that your machine is infected.
- Your web browser sometimes becomes unresponsive, hangs and freezes.
- At the time of accessing various websites, your system might come up with the error "Internet Explorer could not display the page".
- Your system becomes too slow.
- Strange Toolbars occur at the top of the web browser.
- You can recognize new icons on your desktop.
- Unexpected pop up messages even if your system is not connected to the internet.
- Unfamiliar error messages stating to corrupt your files.
- Your homepage or search program suddenly changes.
- The firewall protection and antivirus is unpredictably deactivated.
- Your computer runs out of hard drive space.
To keep your system protected and secured, make sure that an antivirus is installed on your computer. Anti-malware programs scans and guarantees to keep your device completely safe. You can also fix the infection by re-installing Windows. Re-installing Windows is a solution and it can work well for seriously infected computers. When you start re-installing Windows, all your system files would be removed and replaced with the decent ones from the Windows installation disc. The programs have to be installed again which ensures that they are safe. Also make sure that you have a backup of all your important files with an eagle eye that they are clean and uninfected.
Despite of the practices, these days most of the malware are so powerful that they do not allow you to start some of the on-demand scanners and basic utilities while you run your Windows in Normal mode. So, it advised to start your machine in safe mode along with Networking. In order to start your computer in safe mode with networking, try out the underlying steps.
- Remove all CD's, floppy disks and DVD's and restart your computer.
- For Windows 7, XP or Vista, press and hold the F8 key on the keyboard as the system is restarting. Make sure that you press the F8 key before the Windows start-up logo appears.
Note: In some computers, pressing and holding the key while the system is booting would bring a stuck key message. If you experience the problem, do not press and hold the "F8 key", instead tap the "F8 key" constantly until the Advanced Boot Options screen appears. For Windows 8, press the Windows key + C and then hit 'Settings'. Click Power< hold down the Shift button< Restart< Troubleshoot and then choose Advanced options.
- Select Startup Settings and hit Restart in the Advanced Options Screen.
- For Windows 7, XP or Vista in the Advanced Boot Options screen, make use of the arrow keys in order to bring Safe Mode with Networking into the limelight and then hit Enter. For Windows 8, press 5 on the keyboard in order to start Safe Mode with Networking.
To remove all the malicious threats found on your system, run a system scan with AVStrike Software. Here are the steps to perform the same.
- First download AVStrike and install it on your system.
- When installed, click on it to open.
- Three tabs 'Quick Scan, Custom Scan, Full Scan' would appear on the page. To scan, select any of the three and click 'Scan Now'. For Custom Scan, you need to browse for folder and click ok. For ultimate protection, it is highly recommended to run a full scan.
- The scanning process would continue.
- The result page would appear containing the number of threats found.
So, install AVStrike and evade the access of malevolent malware that disrupt the normal functioning of your computer.


Various studies have been carried out for the evaluation of non-point source pollution using physically-based distributed hydrological and water quality models. A number of modeling interactions have been developed using remote sensing, geographical information systems, best management practices, decision support systems, and water quality modeling tools, for the identification and quantification of non-point sources of pollution in the watersheds of lakes and rivers. In the most recent artificial neural network applications, an intelligence system is commonly used for the management of the dynamic and complex nature of watersheds. In this paper, the author has proposed an inverse modeling approach, using artificial intelligence for the identification of non-point source pollution based on pollution indicators in storm water and agriculture runoff. The study is carried out in the Xishan county sub basin of the Taihu Lake watershed. A back propagation neural network model has assisted the development of an inverse modeling system to identify pollution sources beyond the presence of pollution indicators.
Reference: Zaheer, I. and G. Cui; Inverse Modeling to Identify Nonpoint Source Pollution Using a Neural Network, Taihu Lake Watershed, China, Journal of Environmental Hydrology, Vol. 11, Paper 8, July 2003.


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NBA Betting Preview: Los Angeles Lakers at Chicago Bulls Betting Picks & Predictions
March 12, 2019 by Jared Johnson
Being a big-market team in the NBA doesn't guarantee success. The 30-36 Los Angeles Lakers and 19-49 Chicago Bulls are proof of that assertion. Today they'll square off in Chicago (8 p.m. ET Tuesday).
Los Angeles recently pulled the plug on its season, announcing that it would reduce LeBron James' minutes and not play him on back-to-backs. Brandon Ingram and Lonzo Ball are likely out for the year with injuries. Young, unheralded players are getting more minutes and it's showing in the win column. The Lakers have lost 11 of their last 14 games.
The Bulls are still among the league's weakest teams. However, they have won six of their last 11 games. A knee injury to Zach LaVine will hurt the squad for this game, though.
These two lottery squads may not play the prettiest game today, but there are some interesting storylines to monitor. Also, there are some very good bets available to you for this game. Let's preview both of those things ahead of this Tuesday game before deciding our Los Angeles Lakers vs Chicago Bulls predictions.
Will Kentavious Caldwell-Pope and Reggie Bullock Break Out of Their Slumps?
The Lakers are among the worst spot-up shooting teams in the league. That's a problem, since superstar LeBron James thrives off having players around him who can shoot. He uses the spacing to drive and then dishes the ball to them for open shots when defenders collapse on him.
Two of the Lakers' most important spot-up shooters, Reggie Bullock and Kentavious Caldwell-Pope, have been ice-cold from behind the three-point arc in the Lakers' five-game losing streak. Bullock and Caldwell-Pope are a combined 5-of-33 (15.2 percent) from three in that stretch. That will have to change if the Lakers are to get a win here.
Also, defensively, Chicago rotates poorly and can be easily victimized by long-distance shooting. In the Bulls' last eight games (a 3-5 stretch for them), opponents have shot 35.1 percent in Chicago's wins and 43.3 percent in the Bulls' losses.
Will the Bulls Assert an Advantage on the Glass?
The Bulls really need to use their size in this game to dominate possession against the Lakers. Chicago has not been a good rebounding team this season, but it has improved as of late with big bodies like Robin Lopez and Cristiano Felicio playing more and Lauri Markkanen stepping up in that area.
The Lakers have been dreadful at managing the glass recently. It has been eight games in a row now where Los Angeles has failed to outrebound its opponent. Injuries are a big part of this, but the Lakers are also just a soft team on the interior. The team is built to run the fast break, but a key part of doing that is securing defensive rebounds.
If the Bulls dominate the Lakers on the boards, it's hard to see Los Angeles having much of a chance.
Can Johnathan Williams' Energy Give the Lakers a Boost?
The Lakers have a weak group of big men but two-way contract holder Williams has had some really nice moments for Los Angeles in his nine games with the team. Now that the team is essentially out of playoff contention, it looks like the unheralded big man will be playing significant minutes with the Lakers' main squad.
The 23-year-old Williams is not highly skilled, but he's very athletic at 6'9" and 228 pounds and he knows his limitations. He plays with a lot of energy and also sets good screens. In his last game against the Boston Celtics, he had 18 points and 10 rebounds in 29 minutes.
Chicago's key big men, especially Robin Lopez and Cristiano Felicio, are not known for their mobility and athleticism. Williams has an opportunity to make his presence felt for a second straight game.
Our Betting Preview's Los Angeles Lakers vs Chicago Bulls Predictions & Picks
As the Lakers have adjusted to a new normal as a clear lottery team, they have had a lot of injuries and players in and out of the lineup.
Also, while the Lakers have LeBron James as the best player in this matchup, he hasn't tried at all on defense in recent weeks. The Bulls might have the next three or four best players after James, especially if the Lakers' Kyle Kuzma is out.
Overall, I like the Bulls to win this game. However, with a lot of the talent in this game injured or lacking chemistry, I don't see it being a very high-scoring contest.
The line at the major trustworthy USA sportsbooks favors the Lakers by one point. I recommend putting money on the Bulls +1pt @ best odds of -105 with BetOnline or Bookmaker.
These are two struggling defenses right now, but with the missing players, I don't expect much out of either offense. You might be wise to takethe under 226.5 total points @ -110, again with either Bookmaker or BetOnline.
Jared is a lifelong sports fan and writer whose specialist subject is NBA. A 2015 graduate of Indiana Wesleyan University, with a bachelor's degree in journalism, Jared has been a sought-after freelance sports writer. In addition to his valuable USA Betting contributions, he has also written for other top media outlets.
Premier League Soccer: Arsenal vs Man Utd Predictions, Picks & Betting Preview
MLB: AL East Preview & Predictions


What was your level of familiarity with Dena'ina culture and language PRIOR TO visiting this exhibit?
What was your level of familiarity with the Kachemak branch of Dena'ina culture and language PRIOR TO visiting this exhibit?
What was your level of familiarity with visual cues and symbols in written language PRIOR TO visiting this exhibit?
What was your level of familiarity with Dena'ina culture and language AFTER visiting this exhibit?
What was your level of familiarity with the Kachemak branch of Dena'ina culture and language AFTER visiting this exhibit?
What was your level of familiarity with visual cues and symbols in written language AFTER visiting this exhibit?
Through this exhibit, have you gained perspective or insight on Dena'ina language and visual cues in language?
Could you elaborate on gained perspectives?
What aspects of this exhibit did you most appreciate or enjoy?
What aspects of this exhibit would you suggest need attention? How so?
Any additional comments about Qena Sint'isis?
This question is asked for the purpose of tracking shareholder demographics for funders of the Qena Sint'isis exhibit. If you are unsure or uncomfortable answering any question, you may skip it.


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Finalists Announced in Finale National Composition Contest
February 1, 2011 Scott Yoho
The Grammy-Award winning chamber ensemble eighth blackbird. Photo by Luke Ratray.
Last summer we announced the Finale National Composition Contest, a partnership between MakeMusic, the American Composers Forum, and the Grammy-winning ensemble eighth blackbird.
The objective of the competition is to encourage creativity by composers throughout the United States and to recognize and reward their accomplishments. Applicants were required to submit current scores and recordings to demonstrate their ability to compose for eighth blackbird. Three finalists were to be announced December 31, 2010, however, something wonderful happened that prevented this from happening on schedule: An unanticipated number of composers were inspired to send in their scores.
Chris Richardson, administrative director of eighth blackbird, explains: "Our internal speculations led us to hope for 100 submissions and admit the possibility of as many as 200. We never would have dreamed of receiving over 500."
This might not seem like a huge number until you begin to contemplate the details. Each submission included up to three scores and recordings. Even to simply listen to every recording could easily be a full-time job for a few weeks. And then where would you be? How could you begin to balance some aspects of submission #217 against those in submission #503?
Further complicating matters, eighth blackbird is a sextet. How do you get six people to agree on anything? What's more, they judged the entries themselves. Chris Richardson confirms: "The ensemble remained committed to personally reviewing every single submission." He continues: "I was in the enviable position of being able to eavesdrop as these six very different personalities worked their way through a dizzying array of compositions and painstakingly sought consensus for a mere three finalists."
Matt Albert, who plays violin and viola with eighth blackbird, elaborates on the process: "Choosing three finalists out of a pool of over five hundred submissions was extremely daunting, not because of the time required to review each one thoroughly but for the responsibility we felt to carefully choose the most exceptional among them. As we whittled it down from 504 to 68 to 15 to 3, I found myself getting more and more excited by the variety of high level entries we were listening to. I sincerely hope we'll be able to reach out to more of these composers for collaborations down the road."
The three finalists, who were announced earlier today, are: Andy Akiho of New Haven, CT, Eric Lindsay of Bloomington, IN, and Kurt Rohde of San Francisco, CA.
Each finalist will receive $1,000 and be asked to write a piece for eighth blackbird. These pieces will be workshopped and performed in the ensemble's Chicago studio in December 2011. (Finalists will receive an additional $500 to help defray expenses associated with attending the workshop and studio performance). One composer will receive the final prize: an additional $2,000 and a future public performance by eighth blackbird.
While not part of the initial plan, the volume and quality of submissions also inspired eighth blackbird to recognize twelve additional applicants as deserving of honorable mention. They are:
Alex Freeman (Northfield, MN)
Sean Friar (Princeton, NJ)
J.M. Gerraughty (Nashua, NH)
Aaron Gervais (San Francisco, CA)
Yotam Haber (Brooklyn, NY)
Derek Johnson (Carmel, IN)
Amy Kirsten (New Haven, CT)
Zibuokle Martinaityte (New York, NY)
Douglas Pew (Erlanger, KY)
Jeremy Podgursky (Bloomington, IN)
Mike Solomon (Gainesville, FL)
Daniel Wohl (New Haven, CT)
"The contest inspired submissions from more than 500 composers nationwide," said John Nuechterlein, American Composers Forum president and CEO. "We were elated to see this kind of response and delighted to partner with eighth blackbird and MakeMusic in the effort to discover new talent. Most of all, we are eagerly anticipating the works that will be written for this stellar chamber ensemble."
"With the contest, we did exactly what we set out to do: to find fresh, new voices that we had never heard before," said Nicholas Photinos, eighth blackbird's cellist. "I was floored and honored by the level of applicants, particularly at the later stages of the judging, and it was a pleasure to discover so much great and varied music."
The latest contest schedule, guidelines and more information can be found at the contest website. As the contest progresses we'll provide updates here as well. Did you apply? Have you experienced eighth blackbird? Please share your insights by clicking on "Comments" below.


I Know First's 1-Month forecast from the S&P100 Stocks package witnessed a remarkable 10 of the 10 stocks decrease in accordance with the Stock Market Algorithm prediction. Biogen (BIIB) took the lead returning 27.74% during the 1-month time horizon as the algorithm indicated. Likewise, HAL and TWX were also included in the top 10 short picks of the S&P100 (OEX) and had strong returns of 20.72% and 20.39% respectively over the month. The average return of 13.69% during the forecasted time horizon easily outperformed the S&P 500 average return of -9.94% during the same time.
Biogen is a biotechnology corporation which is based in Cambridge. They are working on the manufacturing, the development and the marketing of innovative therapies for patients worldwide. Its stock collapsed because of the slowing sales of one of its main drug which is called Tecfidera and also because investors have a negative perception of its promising Alzheimer's therapy.


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Road Win Photos
Sportraits
UCI Cycling World Championships
NCAA Tournaments
Not Sports
Anniversary Trip
Highlight Package
Seal Family
Hoop action
Leading the Break
NCAA Basketball 2020: Louisville Cardinals vs. Duke Blue Devils. JAN 18, 2020.
January 18, 2020: Duke Guard Tre Jones (3) and Louisville Guard David Johnson (13) during the game between the Louisville Cardinals and Duke Blue Devils at Cameron Indoor Stadium in Durham, NC. Brian McWalters/CSM
Ward (20) goes up to block the dunk attempt.
NCAA Basketball 2019: UNC Tar Heels vs. Virginia Cavaliers. December 8, 2019.
December 8, 2019: North Carolina Guard Leaky Black (1) during the NCAA Basketball game between the University of North Carolina Tar Heels and University of Virginia Cavaliers at John Paul Jones Arena in Charlottesville, VA. Brian McWalters/CSM
Old School Save
Billikens player leaping out of bounds to save the ball. She threw it off the leg of the VCU player.
January 18, 2020: Duke Forward Matthew Hurt (21)during the NCAA Basketball game between the Louisville Cardinals and Duke Blue Devils at Cameron Indoor Stadium in Durham, NC. Brian McWalters/CSM
NCAA Basketball 2020: Clemson Tigers vs. NC State Wolfpack. January 18, 2020.
January 18, 2020: Clemson Center Trey Jemison (55) during the NCAA Basketball game between the Clemson Tigers and NC State Wolfpack at PNC Arena in Raleigh, NC. Brian McWalters/CSM
January 18, 2020: Clemson PLAYER (99) and NC State PLAYER (99) during the NCAA Basketball game between the Clemson Tigers and NC State Wolfpack at PNC Arena in Raleigh, NC. Brian McWalters/CSM