text:
Support Ted's Work
Searchable Archives
Comix Journalism
Afghanistan Cartoon Blog (August 2010)
Political Cartoons – 2012
SYNDICATED COLUMN: Why Useless Impotent Democrats Will Not Lift a Finger to Fight Trump
"There's no savior out there." That's a line from "Lord's Prayer," a song written by TV Smith for the Lords of the New Church, a band that trafficked in 1980s melodic punk. Here's some more:
"There ain't no savior out there
Your stairway to heaven leads nowhere
Don't look to me for emancipation
You are your only salvation."
That's my message to Americans who want to resist Donald Trump and his works — or more precisely the policies of the most right-wing cabinet in American history. Waiting for divine intervention is lunacy. If you're serious about slowing down the Pencites, you'd better get ready to take them on yourselves.
You sure won't be able to count on the Democratic Party.
Take Trump's cabinet nominees — please! In the old days, Democrats would only have needed 40 senate seats to filibuster a would-be attorney general accused of racism, an energy secretary who forgot the name of his own department and a sitting CEO of ExxonMobil as secretary of state.
Unfortunately for the republic, then-majority leader Harry Reid was such a fool that he thought Democrats would never lose another election. So, in a fit of staggering ahistoricity, he eliminated the filibuster for most nominees in 2013. As a result Trump will probably get all his picks, perhaps minus Jeff Sessions because he's widely disliked by his colleagues.
OK, so unless you're a character in the too generously reviewed movie "Arrival," what's past is past, no do-overs. But Democrats don't seem to have much appetite for anti-Trump combat even when you consider their new self-imposed limits.
Democrats' approach to policy is likely to boil down to "let the Republicans do what they want, then take the blame when they overreach." They may even let the GOP repeal the Affordable Care Act, the Obama Administration's sole major policy achievement. "Republicans are about to learn that there's a big difference between being against something and being for something," said Steve Israel (D-New York). "They've already stumbled out of the gate, and we should let them continue to stumble." Unasked: How many Americans will die for a tactic?
On the nominees, look for bureaucratic foot-dragging of approvals with procedural votes and other stalling tactics. "I don't want to needlessly prevent President Trump from being successful," Senator Chris Coons (D-Delaware) told The Politico. "But accelerating the confirmation of unacceptable candidates who have views that are outside the mainstream is not constructive." In the end, though, those unacceptable candidates will get their gigs.
Dems even plan to try to find common ground on rebuilding infrastructure — an admirable goal that I've pushed for years. But Trumpism is already so extreme that Democrats ought to ask themselves whether they're missing the fuhrer for the trees: is it possible to get behind an autobahn without endorsing the tyrant who builds it?
If they really wanted to mount a resistance to Trump, Congressional Democrats could do so with considerably more vigor.
Notably, any single senator can place a personal "hold" on a nominee or bill. There's no time limit or limit on the number of holds. In 2008, for example, Tom Coburn (R-Oklahoma) placed a hold against a funding bill for 12 federal programs. A hold only goes away one of two ways: the senator lifts it, or 60% of the Senate votes against it. Democrats could use the hold to replace the filibuster Reid got rid of.
But there's no reason to believe Democrats will put up a serious fight against the Trumpists. "In the end, a hybrid strategy might make the most sense for Democrats — use Trump and the GOP as a foil and slow them where they can — while seeking to pick one or two areas where his aspirations coincide with their values," CNN muses. "A las Barricadas!" this is not.
Democratic impotence is nothing new; since the 1970s leaders have pushed the party's ideology to the right while abandoning every pretense of resistance to the expansion of the corporate gangster capitalism that grinds up working and middle-class people's hopes and aspirations. Now that Trump is about to impose an especially right-wing (here's another punk reference, to The Clash) clampdown on ordinary Americans, the Democratic Party will lie completely exposed in the full glory of its uselessness.
Screw the Dems. You are your only salvation.
(Ted Rall is author of "Trump: A Graphic Biography," an examination of the life of the Republican presidential nominee in comics form. You can support Ted's hard-hitting political cartoons and columns and see his work first by sponsoring his work on Patreon.)
http://rall.com
Ted Rall is the political cartoonist at ANewDomain.net, editor-in-chief of SkewedNews.net, a graphic novelist and author of many books of art and prose, and an occasional war correspondent. He is the author of the biography "Trump," to be published in July 2016.
suetonius17
Reduced to stating the obvious, huh Ted? At least someone is doing it. Of course, it's worth remembering Democrats have never done ANYTHING for the working class. FDR saved capitalism from itself by giving away a bit, which the bourgeoisie have spent the last 75 years taking back slowly but surely. Forget about Paris 68, we need the Commune.
CrazyH
How about Paris 1789?
michaelwme
Louis the XVI was the King of France
He was worse than Louis the XV,
He was worse than Louis the XIV,
He was worse than Louis the XIII,
He was the worst,
Since Louis the First.
Louis the XVI was living like a king,
While the people were living rotten.
So the people they had an uprising
With a song that will never be forgotten!
In '02, Bush, jr wanted to transform Iraq from an impoverished, brutal dictatorship and state sponsor of terror who had a nuclear arsenal pointed at the US, and the Democrats strongly supported Bush, jr in his benevolent campaign that transformed Iraq into a peaceful and prosperous democracy, a mission that Bush, jr accomplished in '03. The only problem, as Thomas Friedman tells us, was that it cost too much, but that really wasn't Bush, jr's fault, it was the fault if the Iraqi ingrates.
In '11, Obama did the same favour for Libya, saving millions of poor Libyans from the genocide the evil regime had planned, and Libya, like Iraq, is now a peaceful and prosperous democracy, with no loss of life, and at very little expense, so Obama and Secretary Clinton did a much more efficient job in Libya than Bush, jr did in Iraq. Both were great and good and benevolent, but Obama and Secretary Clinton were efficient, while Bush, jr was not.
And who can question Thomas Friedman?
So of course almost all the Democrats will support Trump's benevolent and beneficial policies. How could they not?
mhenriday
Mon Dieu, Michael, had that analysis of the benefits vouchsafed the people of Iraq and Libya by successive US administrations come from anyone else, I should have dismissed it as propaganda…. 😉
DanD
T-rump is the red-headed stepchild of the (marginally) Republican Party brand. As long as he remains crass, he'll get Democrat pushback. The biggest problem for the hard-core neo-cons is if (or when?) Donnie chooses to embrace certain "popular" progressive ideals. His populist creds will then start transcending the retch-reaction boundaries of party politics. As long as he can straddle bible-belt insanity and keep the lords of Zion off balance, maybe he can get some positive things done.
Meantime, the Bush/Clinton crime cabal will be looking to take him out with whatever works.
As it is, in a WDC culture where everybody is "playing" everybody else, nobody (or thing) is the master conductor except perhaps the more anonymous bankster-class oligarchs.
Jack Heart
Well goodness me! A nominee was "accused of racism" and is thus apparently disqualified. And yet, I seem to remember one Ted Rall also being accused of racism. Reminds me how in these politically correct witch hunts, the Left eat their own as well as the enemy.
Once again, "crumbling infrastructure" is a crony capitalist myth. Just what exactly do you think all the pork barrel spending goes towards?
And where does a Leftist radical get off calling anyone else "extreme"?
> A nominee was "accused of racism" and is thus apparently disqualified
uhhh, Jack – We're talking about The Attorney General in a country where people of color are prosecuted & persecuted to a far greater extent than whites So, yes, Sessions' racism might just interfere with his job of ensuring "equal justice under the law."
> Once again, "crumbling infrastructure" is a crony capitalist myth.
Crumbling infrastructure is a myth, global warming is a myth, overpopulation is a myth, evolution is a myth, heliocentrism is a myth, and germ theory is a myth.
Those silly scientists and engineers sure devote a lot of time to making up myths. It's much safer to believe some paid shill on FB than somebody who actually has the training and experience to know what he's talking about.
A high lead level in blood is implicated in impaired reasoning and emotional control issues.
It's worth considering that much of internet discourse may be only lead "talking" and not subject to modification by factual exposition. You can't talk to lead.
"Brandon, who is easily excited, was at turns cheerful and mournful during an interview."
"He has cognitive impairment, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and outbursts of anger."
"Ever since I caught the lead, I've been messed up in the head. I can't control my anger or feelings," Brandon said. "I could have been better than I am."
http://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-lead-testing/
"There isn't much federal help available. Congress recently directed $170 million in aid to Flint. That's 10 times the CDC's budget for assisting states with lead poisoning this year."
Lead poisoning is a myth.
@CH
(wink wink)
I knew you would understand.
Science by diktat is the norm in authoritarian capitalist regimes, whether of state or corporate variety.
"Scientific dissent from Lysenko's theories of environmentally acquired inheritance was formally outlawed in the Soviet Union in 1948."
Collection of climate change data will be defunded if it interferes with profits despite:
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/348/6242/1469
"Previous analyses of global temperature trends during the first decade of the 21st century seemed to indicate that warming had stalled. This allowed critics of the idea of global warming to claim that concern about climate change was misplaced. Karl et al. now show that temperatures did not plateau as thought and that the supposed warming "hiatus" is just an artifact of earlier analyses. Warming has continued at a pace similar to that of the last half of the 20th century, and the slowdown was just an illusion."
I've got a bunch of no-fun-duhmentalist relatives. They've been conditioned from birth to believe that 'scientist' is a dirty word. It's a person in league with The Devil to discredit The Word Of God.
As you might imagine, they are prime candidates for denialism. Not only do they distrust science, they "know" that Jehovah wouldn't let any such thing happen.
Well, whadaya know – I typed "religion and cl" into the google search box, and the second recommendation was "religion and climate change denial". Seems other people are curious as to the correlation as well.
Here's a nice article.
Thanks for the link, CH.
I think it was Chris Mooney who interviewed Robert N. McCauley about his book, "Why Religion Is Natural and Science Is Not".
It was a good interview and I bought the book afterwards.
One interesting idea in the book is that science, as distinct from technology, is counter-intuitive and has a tenuous hold on the human psyche, whereas religion is persistent, having evolutionary origins.
I am now reading "The Tragedy of U.S. Foreign Policy" subtitled "How America's Civil Religion Betrayed the National Interest" by Walter A. McDougal.
I was just wondering about the myth of it all ~
All across where America's southwest is in contact with Mexico, scientifically, it is a fact that millions of non-U.S. citizens who illegally cross the border there in order to illegally profit in the job market or otherwise abuse the social welfare network are oppressively not Caucasian, or Black, or even Asian. After they cross the border, they don't stop wanting to fuck, or drink, or do dope, squirt out anchor-babies, or spend welfare dollars on their own fundamentally invasive lifestyles. And if they're illegal migrants, they're doing all the above as insufficiently traceable criminals. How do you balance a state budget with that kind of albatross around your neck, especially when Trump refuses to help finance it?
The dominant reason this is happening is because the Government of the United States has employed representatives of the country's legal residents who also have conflicts of business interests regarding how both national and extra-national corporations exploit the national economy. It's not just Dem, or Repug, White, Black, or Brown. It's `.001%er.
As T-rump solidifies his administration's policies, where do you think all the migrating invaders from south of the border are going to continue crossing that border? Are they going to wetback it at Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico or Texas, which fundamentally appreciates and actually want to help Trump's stated purpose of kicking the invading hordes out? Or will they come flocking to the sanctuary haven of California?
I live in Los Angeles, and I'm really not looking forward to this scenario. Where do you think Moonbeam will confiscate the funds to finance his desire to turn California into a grand socialist sanctuary state of the invading Mexican Republic? Shit ain't just going to hit the fan, it's going to bury it.
Knock it off, Dan. Any science or facts that clash with Leftwing dogma is badthink! Our benevolent resident science commissars of the grand socialist utopia will decide what science and facts are acceptable!
«Our benevolent resident science commissars of the grand socialist utopia will decide what science and facts are acceptable!» But not on our hero «Jack Heart»'s watch, I wager. S/He will repel those dastardly scientists, while «DanD» takes care of the Mexicans !…
Talk about a marriage made in Heaven !… 😉
If ignorance is truly bliss, then those two are some of the happiest men on earth.
Rather than deporting Mexicans, we should deport bigots and fools who are incapable of distinguishing fact from fancy.
Henri/CH,
You supply petty ad-hominim insults, but you never respond to or otherwise confront the illustrated problem.
You [i e, CrazyH and your humble interlocutor] supply petty ad-hominim [sic !] insults, but you never respond to or otherwise confront the illustrated problem.»
CrazyH is quite capable of replying for himself, «DanD», but allow me to point out that my only reference to you in the post to which you seem to be responding here was that you would «take[ ] care of the Mexicans». Have I misunderstood you ? Do you intend to leave that task to others, rather than confronting the «invading hordes» yourself ? On the basis of your postings to these threads, I had imagined you as one who would not hesitate to man the barricades with his own body, but in the event I've misjudged you, please accept my most abject apologies….
Dan, you're a fucking hypocrite.
You post a vile stream of filth, attacking people wholesale and then complain that someone said something bad about you.
Oh, the horror.
The fact is, I am addressing the problem: your bigotry. Oh, I don't expect to change your mind, your paranoid delusions are far too deeply ingrained. Perhaps I can embarrass you enough to get you to STFU. If not, then the least I can do is to show you up as the jackass you are, which might just convince other jackasses to keep their mouths shut.
It ain't just "Mexicans" that I criticize, though they are the most prevalent at this corner of America's borders; and
Chill it, boy. Take your medication. If you talked that way to somebody's face, they'd probably knock the holy fuck out of you. But that's how cowards like you usually display themselves in anonymous print. Go and wack off now so you an feel better.
Sure thing, Dandy – can I assume that you talk that way in a crowded Mexican restaurant? Or do you hide your little self behind your mommy's laptop?
But tell me, why should we stop at the Mexican border? Instead, let's build a wall on the Mason-Dixon line. Get rid of all those ignorant, filthy, superstitious hillbillies who marry their underage cousins and squirt out gap-toothed retards polluting the gene pool with every inbred generation. The imbecilic peckerwood who think wrestling is real and NASCAR is an art form. 95% of Elvis sightings and alien endoscopies involve Southron trailer trash. The overwhelming majority of "People of Walmart" are crackers. There's a reason for that.
"Ah's done bin t'two State Fay-ers anna monster truck pull. Ah's figger ah's seed all's what t'be seed." – Danny Joe Dimwitz, Klan spokesman and fourth grade graduate.
Decent people don't want your kind ruining our country.
It ain't just "Mexicans" that I criticize, though they are the most prevalent at this corner of America's borders; …» I'm quite willing to believe that, in addition to Mexicans, «DanD», you can find other objects for your ire. But I don't find it necessary to address all of them all of the time. In the response which you criticise above, I addressed your comment to the effect that «Where do you think Moonbeam will confiscate the funds to finance his desire to turn California into a grand socialist sanctuary state of the invading Mexican Republic?»….
Does this render me guilty of an argumentum ad hominem ? I think not….
«But tell me, why should we stop at the Mexican border? Instead, let's build a wall on the Mason-Dixon line.» Wow ! I hope the US National Park Service is busy storing food and ammunition at the Fort Sumter National Monument ! To paraphrase the late, great Yogi Berra, 1861 all over again !… 😉
@henri – I've seen bumper stickers lately proclaiming that "It's not prejudice to state FACTS." In that vein, I'd like to submit the following:
It's a FACT the southron teenagers have a higher rate of STD"s than normal people. We wouldn't want their boys coming up here, diminutive dicks dripping gonorrhea pus, and … ugh … taking advantage of our innocent little daughters and granddaughters. Who knows what kind of filthy diseases they've picked up copulating with cattle and poultry?
It's hard to imagine, but it is theoretically possible that one of them could conjure up enough man-juice to impregnate one of our blonde-haired, blue-eyed beauties! That devil's spawn might go on to breed even more gap-toothed retards and our entire civilization would collapse!
It's best we deal with this problem now, before it gets even worse.
«I've seen bumper stickers lately proclaiming that "It's not prejudice to state FACTS."» I agree, CrazyH, bumper stickers are a great place for FACTS !… 😉
And far be it from me to usurp the place of bumper stickers in educating the general public ! I merely wished to point out my impression that if the tone of the discussion om the US generally resembles that on (much of) this thread, we might see a replay of 1861. Not to worry though, here in Europe we've seen borders drawn and redrawn many many times this last millennium, and yet we've still managed (hitherto at least) to muddle through….
No worries henri – you merely gave me the opportunity to continue reciting facts about their kind
I'm not sure but what Lincoln shoulda let 'em go.
This is a great column, Ted.
Incomprehensible, I fear, to the many who still place their hopes in trust to the duopoly parties, who will whine if informed of the necessity of actual participation in their own liberation from a corporate-state-government usurpation of democracy.
Americans are such consumers, always asking what they can buy, always expecting that every statement of a problem to be but prelude to a sales pitch guarantying the solution to the problem or their money back.
«One interesting idea in the book is that science, as distinct from technology, is counter-intuitive and has a tenuous hold on the human psyche, whereas religion is persistent, having evolutionary origins.» Another interesting application of the methods of the physical sciences to other disciplines, Glenn, is U Conn Professor Peter Turchin's so-called cliodynamics, which leads him to forecast that social instability in the US will peak in the 2020s….
One thing seems certain, editorial cartoonists like Ted will not lack for inspiration in the coming decade – although, as noted, they may find problems in monetising their work….
I am not a believer in historicism as a deterministic science, but future social instability seems a safe bet to me, much like the prophet in Monte Python who prophesied that small things would be lost.
But seriously, entropy is always increasing even if not evenly and everywhere.
Also, the Peter Principle predicts that the cream will rise to the top and then sour.
Marx predicted the collapse of capitalism, which is demonstrably its strong tendency, but capitalism may crash and regenerate repeatedly until resource depletion, nuclear war, or climate change crashes out the species, long before a successor system is developed without the intrinsic need to force the vulnerable to work for a wage only large enough to forestall death to another day.
«I am not a believer in historicism as a deterministic science, but future social instability seems a safe bet to me, much like the prophet in Monte Python who prophesied that small things would be lost.» And sometimes, as we know, Glenn, big things are lost as well…. 😉
I've not, alas, yet had the opportunity to read Professor Turchin's work, but his concept of «elite overproduction» and resulting intra-elite competition leading to social and political instability sounds interesting. As to whether cliodynamics is just a new wrinkle on historicism, to which, like yourself, I am skeptically inclined, I shall have to wait until I get my hands on that work to judge….
Many social conditions might better be studied as political economy. I am suspicious of economists who are adept at divorcing the political from the economic and who are usually hired by those who have the money instead of those who need the money.
Have you seen the movie "Inside Job"?
Today's economics suffers from "physics envy" and loses social relevance by use of mathematized descriptors instead of more intuitively grasped social phenomena of political economy.
John Taylor Gatto writes about overproduction under capitalism. Schools in poor neighborhoods are educationally poor so that smart but poor children do not have the education necessary to compete on an equal basis with less intelligent children of the wealthy. So production of educated children from poor neighborhoods is suppressed.
Another example of overproduction, farmers destroy crops when there is an unexpectedly large harvest in order to increase the price of a commodity.
Alexander Hamilton suppressed whiskey production so his cronies could make big money on it, and even suppressed a so-called "Whiskey Rebellion" that tried to compete in whiskey production with the 1% of their day.
Overproduction is a great leveler because price is correlated with scarcity.
«Many social conditions might better be studied as political economy. I am suspicious of economists who are adept at divorcing the political from the economic and who are usually hired by those who have the money instead of those who need the money.» I share your suspicions, Glenn, but as noted above, I've not yet read Professor Turchin's work, so I must perforce withhold judgement. However, the concept of «elite overproduction» does not sound to me like a divorce of the political from the economic, quite the contrary…..
«Alexander Hamilton suppressed whiskey production so his cronies could make big money on it, and even suppressed a so-called "Whiskey Rebellion" that tried to compete in whiskey production with the 1% of their day.» And no doubt, Glenn, the good Mr Hamilton would have suppressed «elite overproduction» as well, had that been an issue in his day and place. To my mind, as your own examples of suppression above indicate, overproduction is both an economic and a political concept….
«Democratic impotence is nothing new; since the 1970s leaders have pushed the party's ideology to the right while abandoning every pretense of resistance to the expansion of the corporate gangster capitalism that grinds up working and middle-class people's hopes and aspirations.» What you call «impotence», Ted, I'd rather say is collusion ; the Democratic Party in the United States shares the goals of «corporate gangster capitalism». Why then should it protest effectively when Mr Trump seeks to forward these goals. In US politics, a little grandstanding goes a long way, but one doesn't want to upset the «donors» – or rather purchasers of quid pro quo, the don't «donate», if the term be permitted, fuck all….
alex_the_tired
"They may even let the GOP repeal the Affordable Care Act, the Obama Administration's sole major policy achievement."
This reminds me of the George Carlin routine about how people say good-bye. "Give Jake my best!" "Frankly, Susan, if this is your best, maybe you oughta keep it to yourself."
Obamacare was/is/will be a disaster. It is the equivalent of putting all the athletic teens in one school, all the weaklings in another, and being dumbfounded when, yet again, Arlen High beats the living daylights out of St. Mary's. You can't parse health coverage. When people get sick enough, they end up at the ER, and then it costs a fortune. You can't avoid that, so any plan that doesn't address that "pressure point" rationally must be a failure. No one feels "shame" about using a public library. No one stands outside a library and snarls, "You freeloaders!"
Healthcare should be the same. Obamacare is a disaster, and it should be called such because the solution for the healthcare "crisis" is right in front of us. In Canada, in Japan, in Germany, in France …
Hey, Alex –
It's certainly going to be interesting to watch this one play out. The GOPranoes have been making noises about the ACA ever since they wrote it. Make no mistake, this is a GOP bill through-and-through. Just one more way to watch your tax dollars at work for the 1%.
Are they *really* going to renege on all those back room deals with big pharma and the insurance industry? Or has it all been a big show & tell designed to impress the rubes? It wouldn't be the first time they made big promises on the campaign trail with no intention of following through once in office.
Of course, those I call 'rubes' are what Hair Furor calls 'his base.' What's gonna happen when they lose the only health coverage they've ever had?
The GOP has painted itself into a corner again. Damned if they do, damned if they don't. Of course they were already damned. so maybe it's moot.
CrazyH,
You're right. It's going to be interesting. I think the next four years–assuming Trump isn't assassinated by a patsy who will be gunned down on live TV the next day–are going to be very interesting.
My crackpot theory? The GOP will use this whole fiasco as a way to put through a weak version of universal healthcare. How? Why?
First, the healthcare racket is just about played out. People are becoming outraged over the screw job. If the GOP (suddenly) introduces universal healthcare, they'll basically render the remainder of the Democratic Party pointless. AND, for the GOPers, it will be a delightfully vicious middle finger to Obama and Clinton. Something similar was done back in 1981 when H.W. Bush arranged for the hostages to be released just after Ronald Reagan was inaugurated. Take THAT, Jimmy Carter.
Second, the big sticking point for the relevant portion of the Republican Party for universal healthcare (of course) is abortion. But, that, too, is easily overcome. The Republicans can pass a form of universal healthcare that matches what Canada (or Sweden or France etc.) has but which also excludes perpetually all reproductive options other than bringing a fertilized egg to term.
Third. There will always be people who are hypochondriacs. And I don't mean the superparanoid going around in rubber gloves not touching door knobs. I mean people who will believe that their universal coverage is somehow inferior. "I heard that if you go to an ER with a broken hand and only have Universal? They cut off your hand. It happened to my friend's brother's cousin's bookie."
«The Republicans can pass a form of universal healthcare that matches what Canada (or Sweden or France etc.) has but which also excludes perpetually all reproductive options other than bringing a fertilized egg to term.» A vital issue !…
Reductio ad absurdum here:
I argue that every time a woman menstruates an egg and a soul is lost because a man failed do God's work on her, and therefore good Christian women should copulate incessantly, avoiding the chance that in failing to do so one may be closing the gate of heaven to a soul, an egg, and a man.
I'm fairly certain that many a good Christian man has made the same argument…
I found this Scientific American article some years back when Nicolae Ceausescu-like Republican Anti-Choice bigots wanted to do gynie exams to make sure women were not getting abortions.
Trump made mention of doctors and women being punished for getting abortions so he may want to sniff out the violators of his will by using Ceausescu tactics.
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/tragedy-leads-study-severe-child-neglect/
"In a misguided effort to enhance economic productivity, Nicolae Ceausescu decreed in 1966 that Romania would develop its "human capital" via a government-enforced mandate to increase the country's population. Ceauşescu, Romania's leader from 1965 to 1989, banned contraception and abortions and imposed a "celibacy tax" on families that had fewer than five children. State doctors—the menstrual police—conducted gynecologic examinations in the workplace of women of childbearing age to see whether they were producing sufficient offspring. The birth rate initially skyrocketed. Yet because families were too poor to keep their children, they abandoned many of them to large state-run institutions. By 1989 this social experiment led to more than 170,000 children living in these facilities."
Do you like independent cartooning and commentary?
Support Ted Rall's work and receive his work before anyone else via Patreon.
Support it by making a tax-deductible donation.
Get signed gifts
Join the Ted Rall Subscription Service!
Ted Rall Subscription Service : $30.00 USD – yearlyDeluxe Subscription (get one original each year) : $15.00 USD – monthlyPremium Subscription (get a custom drawing each year) : $50.00 USD – monthly Your email address:
Ted's Amazon Wish List
Ted's Wish List is here.
"The Stringer" graphic novel by Ted Rall & Pablo G. Callejo
Pre-order your book from Amazon.
"Political Suicide: The Fight for the Soul of the Democratic Party" by Ted Rall
Get your book from Amazon.
Due out: June 23, 2020
"Bernie (Revised 2020 Edition)" by Ted Rall
Due out: May 5, 2020
About Ted Rall
Ted Rall is the political cartoonist at ANewDomain.net and the editor of Skewed News, a graphic novelist and author of many books of art and prose.
Syndicated Columns
If You Miss Donald Trump, You'll Love Joe Biden
Congress Votes to Arm Violent Mobs That Storm through Capitols around the World
Biden and the Democrats Could Change Everything. But They Won't Try.
Trump is Still Plotting a Possible Coup
In a Crisis, a Compromise Solution Is Worse Than No Solution at All
Boy on a Stick and Slither
Cole Smithey's Movie Week
Ed Hall
Ed Stein
J.P. Trostle
Jennifer Berman
Joel Pett
Scott Stantis
Secret Asian Man
Signe Wilkinson
Tim Eagan
VastLeft
A New Domain
AAEC
David Essman
NBM Books
Paul Tullis
Rall v. LA Times
Skewed News
Smirking Chimp
©2020 Ted Rall. All Rights Reserved. • Website Design by Thermal Exposure.


text:
University of Kent Special Collections & Archives
News and views from the Special Collections & Archives team at the University of Kent.
About Special Collections & Archives
Martin Stiles Comedy Collection
Posted on November 13, 2017 by Elspeth Millar
Jon Shepherd, Assistant Archivist, writes about a new collection to the British Stand-Up Comedy Archive, the Martin Stiles Comedy Collection:
Alternative comedy: a style of comedy that rejects established stereotypes (especially racist or sexist) and often containing a political component.
In the 1970s traditional club comedians of the time often relied on jokes targeting women and minorities. A dislike of this led a group of performers at London's Comedy Store to begin to pioneer an approach in opposition to the mainstream of British comedy. It eschewed a reliance on a standardised structure of a sequence of jokes and punchlines, tending instead to be somewhat more free-form. What resulted was more akin to comedy's answer to punk.
Martin Stiles was and no doubt still is a keen fan of comedy. He spent many years as a devoted follower of live stand-up, and both radio and tv comedy shows. This led him to do two things. Firstly, he created a detailed comedy index of comedians, producers and writers. For each he listed the individual's tv and radio comedy credits, often including the relevant year of transmission for each. Secondly, he assembled a wonderfully impressive collection of comedy scrapbooks. Stiles attended as a member of the audience the recording at the Paris Studio in Lower Regent Street, London of a vast array of comedy shows. This he did several times a month, sometimes several times a week! Each scrapbook includes newspaper cuttings, many from the Radio and TV Times, tickets for the shows and flyers sent out by the ticket unit to promote the recordings of the shows. Some of these items are autographed by the performers featured. The shows involved include many famous programmes such as Red Dwarf, The Mary Whitehouse Experience, Whose Line is it Anyway, I'm Sorry I Haven't A Clue and Knowing Me Knowing You…With Alan Partridge. Many were pilots and by necessity includes some shows which didn't make it beyond the pilot stage.
Martin Stiles comedy scrapbooks
This methodically assembled collection reads like a who's who not just of British comedy from this delightful period of change but also more generally of British cinema, theatre and public life then and now. Casual fans and aficionados of the following performers may be interested in the collection; Stephen Fry, Rowan Atkinson, Robbie Coltrane, French and Saunders, Tony Robinson , Emma Thompson, Kenneth Branagh, Hugh Laurie, Lenny Henry, Ben Elton, Harry Enfield, Harry Hill, Paul Merton, Rory Bremner, Adrian Edmonson, Rik Mayle, Nigel Planer, Jonathan Ross, Tim Brooke-Taylor, Bill Oddie, John Cleese, Alexei Sayle, Jack Dee, Victoria Wood, Julie Walters, Mel Smith, Griff Rhys Jones, Ruby Wax, Tracey Ullman, Mark Steel, Jasper Carrott, Floella Benjamin, Humphrey Lyttleton, Clive Anderson, Robert Llewellyn, Craig Charles, Chris Barrie, Graeme Garden, Roy Hudd, June Whitfield, Leslie Phillips, Shane Richie, Jim Broadbent, Andrew Sachs, Vic Reeves and Bob Mortimer, Peter Capaldi, Eddie Izzard, Geoffrey Perkins, Rupert Graves, Patricia Routledge, Michael Palin, Terry Jones, Eric Idle, Frank Skinner, David Jason, Sandi Toksvig, Ronnie Barker, Douglas Adam, Bob Geldof, Kenneth Williams, Wendy Richard, Martin Clunes, Danny Baker, Ulrika Jonsson, Morecambe and Wise, Meera Sya, Frankie Howerd, Les Dawson, Noddy Holder and many, many more…
Items from the Martin Stiles Comedy Collection
If you fancy delving back into the fascinating world of comedy of the late 80s and early 90s then please contact us on specialcollections@kent.ac.uk or +44 (0)1227 82 3127.
Martin Stiles Comedy Card index
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged archive, British Stand Up Comedy Archive, comedy, radio comedy, stand-up comedy, tv comedy by Elspeth Millar. Bookmark the permalink.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Browse BARB'S ALL SEASONS FLOWERS's Best Seller's for great ideas when you want to send flowers. See what's trending in the Janesville area. No matter what your occasion, these best selling flowers are perfect for any occasion. Whether you're sending flowers around the corner or across the country, BARB'S ALL SEASONS FLOWERS can help!


Senior citizen ticket (1 senior citizen aged 60 or over) for the 2018 Woodcote Rally.
Senior citizen ticket for the 2018 Woodcote Rally. The senior citizen tickets sold through our website are £2.00 cheaper than the gate price on the day and are only available for a limited time only.
A senior citizen ticket gives entry to 1 senior citizen aged 60 or over.


Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown . This wonderful image collections about Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown is available to download. We collect this wonderful image from internet and choose the best for you. Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown photos and pictures collection that posted here was carefully selected and uploaded by Rockymage team after choosing the ones that are best among the others. So, finally we make it and here these list of wonderful image for your inspiration and informational purpose regarding the Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown as part of MNA-EVENTS.COM exclusive updates collection.Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown , take your time and find the best Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown images and pictures posted here that suitable with your needs and use it for your own collection and personal use. Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown .
Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown . So, if you want to get this wonderful image about Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown , just click save button to save this images to your computer. Finally if you want to get new and the latest wallpaper related with Furniture In Albuquerque Nm Oriental Antique Rheasterncuriocom Scott White Design Rhcustommadecom Scott Asian Furniture In Albuquerque Nm White Design Rhcustommadecom Crown , please follow us on facebook or bookmark this site, we try our best to give you daily update with fresh and new wallpaper 2014. Hope you enjoy staying here.


text:
Rob Kardashian and Blac Chyna Celebrate Father's Day With Dream at Disneyland: Pics
By Us Weekly Staff
Rob Kardashian celebrated his first Father's Day at the happiest place on Earth. The reality star, 30, and his ex Blac Chyna took their 7-month-old daughter daughter, Dream, to Disneyland on Sunday, June 18. The former couple documented their fun-filled day on social media, each posting photos to Instagram and Snapchat.
Kardashian Family Album
Kardashian shared a sweet snap of Dream wearing a Minnie Mouse hat during the outing. "Thank You @disneyland," he wrote. "For the best first Father's Day trip with my baby ???" Earlier in the day, the Arthur George designer posted a photo snuggling with his only child, adding the caption, "Happy Father's Day to all the GOOD Fathers out there !"
https://www.instagram.com/p/BVfPA-LhDm7/
Kourtney Kardashian "liked" the post and also left some words of encouragement for her younger brother. "Happy Father's Day Bobby!" she wrote in the comments section. "I am so proud of you."
10 Times Rob Kardashian Sassed the Kardashian Family
Chyna, 28, shared a photo posing with Kardashian, Dream and Minnie Mouse. In the photo, their little one excitedly smiles as she is being held by both parents. "Happy Fathers Day @robKardashian," the Lashed Bar owner wrote.
The on-and-off couple has been peacefully coparenting Dream in recent months. "Rob has been getting along with his family, talking to them and filming for Keeping Up With the Kardashians," a source tells Us of the former couple, who called off their engagement in late 2016. "He has been happy and understands that he and Chyna are not a match. Both of them do better without each other."
https://www.instagram.com/p/BVgLyL8FLvZ/
Chyna recently told Cosmopolitan South Africa that the duo are still working out their issues. "I know we love each other and we're fighting for each other," she said in an interview published in March. "The people we surround ourselves with are rooting for us."
Blac Chyna's Post-Baby Body Is Amazing: Photos
https://www.instagram.com/p/BVgDrQyBd4Y/
She added: "We're looking at the bigger picture. We have a whole other human being that looks up to us, so we have to make sure she's taken care of. He's a wonderful dad. I think it's because he had such a great father."


text:
Fieldsport micro red dot sight
nadia the secret of blue water
Astrophysics for people in a hurry
Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Astrophysics for People in a Hurry by Neil deGrasse Tyson at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products! Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for ASTROPHYSICS for PEOPLE in a HURRY by Neil deGrasse Tyson (Hardcover, 2017) at the best online prices at eBay! Astrophysics For People in a Hurry - Dark Energy Summary & Analysis Neil DeGrasse Tyson This Study Guide consists of approximately 59 pages of chapter summaries, quotes, character analysis, themes, and more - everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Astrophysics For People in a Hurry
we give this book for free download that written by Neil deGrasse TysonWhile you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universeTanzanite diamond ring white goldMens brushed gold wedding band
New screen for iphone 7words that start with v
Fitbit charge 2 rose goldAt&t iphone x deals Baby boy baptism outfit carter'sNasw code of ethicsMall chevrolet cherry hill new jersey
While waiting for your morning coffee to brew, or while waiting for the bus, the train, or the plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the big bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search[Neil deGrasse Tyson; Gregory Mone; LeVar Burton] -- Neil deGrasse Tyson introduces young listeners to astrophysics and the principles of scientific inquiry, fostering the "cosmic perspective" that outer space inspires in allAstrophysics for People in a Hurry reveals just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universeNeil deGrasse Tyson's insightful book reflects more of his "contagiousPublished on May 2, 2017, by W
Oct 09, 2019 · Full E-book Astrophysics for People in a Hurry For Kindle About For Books Astrophysics for2006 evo 9 mr for saleThe Astrophysics for Young People in a Hurry - Unabridged by Neil deGrasse Tyson (CD/Spoken Word) is extra thick (and reinforced with Kevlar) and the plugs are gold-plated, which provides to the general really feel of excessive-quality buildingISBN 978-0-393-60939-4 US$18
He lives in New York Citycom hosted blogs and archiveWhile you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets toFind many great new & used options and get the best deals for Astrophysics for People in a Hurry by Neil deGrasse Tyson (2017, Hardcover, Large Type) at the best online prices at eBay! Astrophysics for People in a Hurry by Neil deGrasse Tyson is an overview of astrophysical concepts boiled down for a layperson[1] Jul 18, 2017 · Astrophysics for People in a Hurry
El stand de los besos pelicula completa en español latino
how to save a life chords piano
Astrophysics for People in a Hurry by Neil deGrasse Tyson cheap ebook for kindle and nook Astrophysics for People in a Hurry 1st Edition pdf free Astrophysics for People in a Hurry by Neil deGrasse Tyson [read online] While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the
Buy Astrophysics for Young People in a Hurry by Neil Degrasse Tyson, Gregory Mone from Waterstones today! Click and Collect from your local Waterstones or get FREE UK delivery on orders over £20Astrophysics for People in a Hurry reveals just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universeAstrophysics for Young People in a Hurry portrays the principal principles and questions of our universe obviously—and with Tyson's trademark mind, there's a great deal of fun tossed in, as wellAstrophysics for People in a HurryMay 01, 2017 · Astrophysics for People in a Hurry is a prime example of that skill, and the genuine love of the subject that drives it
[Ashland, Oregon]: Blackstone AudioIf you liked Astrophysics For People In A Hurry you may also like other books in our Non-Fiction Category
While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanicsClear and concise, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry gives readers exactly what the title promises, a basic understanding of a deeply fascinating subjectWhile you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in theEach chapter of Astrophysics for People in a Hurry covers a fundamental facet of the universe, such as gravity, dark matter, and light travel
We cannot guarantee that Astrophysics For People In A Hurry book is in the library, But if You are still not sure with the service, you can choose FREE Trial serviceAstrophysics for People in a Hurry reveals just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universeAuthor: Neil deGrasse TysonMay 15, 2018 · Astrophysics for People in a Hurry reveals just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universeAstrophysics for Young People in a Hurry
While waiting for your morning coffee to brew, or while waiting for the bus, the train, or the plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universe
I decided to give it a try because it had some really good reviews and wanted to be able to (try to) have conversations with my friends that are physics majorsHis cultural references are especially memorable, from quotes by Shakespeare, the Bible, and a poem by Einstein, to modern-day allusions to Star Trek
Astrophysics for People in a Hurry reveals just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universethe avengers infinity war blu rayDrop your ideas about dark matter in the middle of a conversation, turn, and walk quickly away
Building on the wonder inspired by outer space, Astrophysics for Young People in a Hurry introduces an exciting field and the principles of scientific inquiry to young readersso smart sights and soundsAstrophysics for People in a Hurry reveals just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universeAstrophysics for Young People in a Hurry - Unabridged by Gregory Mone & Neil deGrasse Tyson (Pre-Loaded Family Wealth : Being Strategic About Your Family Legacy - (Paperback) Chocolate (Brown) Tailored Microfiber 14 Bed Skirt (Full) While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universe"-- Neil deGrasse Tyson has become one of the most recognizable and respected figures in science, beloved to curious kids
Though the universe can feel vast and unfathomable, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry expertly shrinks it down to a comprehensible size
Post to Facebook Cancel SendChicago / Turabian - Author Date Citation (style guide) Tyson, Neil deGrasseAstrophysics for People in a Hurry – Neil deGrasse Tyson – eBook + Audiobook Time is relative, however a few of us still haven't got enough of it to completely soak up essentially the most salient aspects of such matters as dark matter, exoplanets, the Big Bang, and why so many objects in outer space are sphericalEveryday low prices and free delivery on eligible ordersMay 02, 2017 · Neil deGrasse Tyson is an astrophysicist with the American Museum of Natural History, host of the hit radio and Emmy-nominated TV show StarTalk, and the New York Times best-selling author of Astrophysics for People in a Hurry and Accessory to War: The Unspoken Alliance Between Astrophysics and the
Post to Facebook Cancel Sendwe give this book for free download that written by Neil deGrasse TysonTyson's writing style is always approachable and entertaining, and his latest book is no exception
Astrophysics for People in a Hurry tackles the history of the universe—from the Big Bang up to the discoveries of dark energy and dark matter in the modern eradiablo 3 captain america build season 17I enjoyed the read but, overall, thought that there was too much information and too little explanation
mobi Here <— Exactly the same link as above, so PLEASE DO NOT CLICK HERE! If there is any problem with the link, please leave a comment to me, and I will revise it, or send you by emailWhile you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in theThe power and beauty of physical laws is that they apply everywhere, whether or not you choose to believe in themBuy Astrophysics for Young People in a Hurry by Neil Degrasse Tyson, Gregory Mone from Waterstones today! Click and Collect from your local Waterstones or get FREE UK delivery on orders over £20
Astrophysics for People in a Hurry by Neil Degrasse Tyson, 9781538408025, available at Book Depository with free delivery worldwidetoyota tacoma leaf spring recall 2016While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universeRead and Download Ebook BEST! Astrophysics For People In A Hurry PDFAstrophysics for Young People in a Hurry Book Summary : Neil deGrasse Tyson's #1 New York Times best-selling guide to the cosmos, adapted for young readersNeil deGrasse Tyson is an astrophysicist with the American Museum of Natural History, host of the hit radio and Emmy-nominated TV show StarTalk, and the New York Times best-selling author of Astrophysics for People in a Hurry and Accessory to War: The Unspoken Alliance Between Astrophysics and the Military
While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in theDrop your ideas about dark matter in the middle of a conversation, turn, and walk quickly awayNeil deGrasse Tyson's insightful book reflects more of his "contagiousFrom Einstein's theory of general relativity to dark matter and the multiverse, this book has it all
Waterville, Maine: Thorndike Press, a part of Gale, a Cengage CompanyHe also emphasizes that astrophysics need not be inaccessibleFree 2-day shippingThe essential universe, from our most celebrated and beloved astrophysicist
While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in theIn this adaptation of his #1 New York Times bestseller Astrophysics for People in a Hurry, Tyson has—for the first time—served up the universe in a handy, portable package designed specifically for young readers"Tyson's writing style is always approachable and entertaining, and his latest book is no exception[Ashland, Oregon]: Blackstone Audio, 2017
One of the nation's most famous scientists invites an astronomy-obsessed high-school student from the Bronx to Cornell University, spends the day with him, then offers to put him up for the night if his bus home is delayedis it dandruff or psoriasisWhile you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in theMay 23, 2018 · Astrophysics for People in a Hurry My Rating - If you are looking for something Level - short book, but if you don't remember anything from high school physics, it could take a bit a work to read through Summary A summary is somewhat difficult, I guess the title says it allEnhancements were made to more precisely measure materials read in K-2 classrooms
Norton and Company, 2017 hardcover, 224 ppJun 02, 2017 · Amazon
[Neil deGrasse Tyson; Gregory Mone] -- Neil deGrasse Tyson's #1 New York Times bestselling guide to the cosmos, adapted for young listenersFrom the basics of physics to big questions about the nature of space and time, celebrated"Infectiously enthusiastic, humorous and, above all, accessible…
Norton ISBN 978-0-393-60939-4 The year is 1975Neil deGrasse Tyson believes kids can learn astrophysics, too, and he's adapting his time-saving best-seller on the topic to teach them
Astrophysics for people in a hurry / Neil deGrasse TysonGoogle Drive: Astrophysics for People in a Hurry – Neil deGrasse Tysoncom While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the"The essential universe, from our most celebrated and beloved astrophysicist'Astrophysics for People in a Hurry' doesn't disappoint; Tyson's compelling anecdotes and clear prose shine throughout
Astrophysics for People in a Hurry - Neil deGrasse Tyson Bestseller Science Audiobookcom, also read synopsis and reviews
Get Astrophysics for People in a Hurry on Amazon Gwenever Pacifico Gwen thinks that it's as close to magic as humans can get when a blank Word document is filled with groups of letters, and those groups of letters turn into lines, and those lines turn into a whole new world88 MB Download: Astrophysics for People in a Hurry Ebook Free (PDF, ePub, MobiWhat is the nature of space and time? How do we fit within the universe? How doesWhile you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in theWhile waiting for your morning coffee to brew, or while waiting for the bus, the train, or the plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universe
"The gravitational waves of the first detection were generated by a collision of black holes in a galaxy 1Jun 08, 2017 · Astrophysics for People in a Hurry, by Neil deGrasse Tyson Too busy for science? Anna Watts suggests that you make time for this engaging whistlestop tour led by an astrophysicist and seasoned science communicator Astrophysics for People in a Hurry book explains – What is the nature of space and time? How do we fit within the universe? How does the universe fit within us? There's no better guide through these brain extending inquiries than acclaimed astrophysicist and smash hit creator Neil deGrasse Tyson
May 12, 2017 · Name Last modified Size; Go to parent directory: Astrophysics for People in a Hurry-Part01
afpk: 12-May-2017 17:58: 517Each chapter of Astrophysics for People in a Hurry covers a fundamental facet of the universe, such as gravity, dark matter, and light travel
Astrophysics for People in A Hurry (Book) : Tyson, Neil deGrasse : What is the nature of space and time? How do we fit within the universe? How does the universe fit within us? There's no better guide through these mind-expanding questions than acclaimed astrophysicist and best-selling author Neil deGrasse TysonSummary: Astrophysics for People In A Hurry - Summarized for Busy People: Based on the Book by Neil deGrasse Tyson This book summary and analysis was created for individualswho want to extract the essential contents and are too busy to go through thefull versionWhile waiting for your morning coffee to brew, or while waiting for the bus, the train, or the plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search for life in the universeGoogle Drive: Astrophysics for People in a Hurry – Neil deGrasse TysonAstrophysics for People in a Hurry is a literary attempt by astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson to bring the universe to the common people
― Neil deGrasse Tyson, Astrophysics for People in a HurryAstrophysics for Young People in a Hurry describes the fundamental rules and unknowns of our universe clearly—and with Tyson's characteristic wit, there's a lot Astrophysics for Young People in a Hurry describes the fundamental rules and unknowns of our universe clearly—and with Tyson's characteristic wit, there's a lot of fun thrown in, too[1] Jul 18, 2017 · Astrophysics for People in a Hurry
Neil DeGrasse Tyson, with Gregory Monereading Astrophysics for People in a Hurry is both a humbling and exhilarating experience" BookPage "Even readers normally adverse to anything to do with physics or chemistry will find Tyson's wittily delivered explanations compelling and disarmingly entertaining
He also emphasizes that astrophysics need not be inaccessibleAstrophysics for Young People in a Hurry introduces young readers to an exciting field and the principles of scientific inquiry, fostering the "cosmic perspective" that outer space inspires in all of usNorton and Company, 2017 hardcover, 224 ppJun 25, 2018 · The book, to be titled Astrophysics for Young People in a Hurry, will be written with Gregory Mone (The Boys in the Boat) and be published by the Norton Young Readers imprint in February 2019Because of the popularity, it was chosen by a group on Goodreads that I'm part of, Everyone Has Read This but Me as a modern literature for March
Norton & Company, the book is a collection of Tyson's essays that appeared in Natural History magazine at various times from 1997 to 2007"Astrophysics for People in a Hurry Quotes" The universe is under no obligation to make sense to youAug 18, 2018 · This books ( Astrophysics for People in a Hurry [PDF] ) Made by Neil Degrasse Tyson About Books What is the nature of space and time? How do we fit within … Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertisingFrom Einstein's theory of general relativity to dark matter and the multiverse, this book has it all
While you wait for your morning coffee to brew, for the bus, the train, or a plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets toin a Hurry Neil deGrasse Tyson Bestseller Science
Astrophysics for People in a Hurry by Neil deGrasse Tyson, published by W
3 billion light-years away, and at a time when Earth was teeming with simple, single-celled organismsWhile waiting for your morning coffee to brew, or while waiting for the bus, the train, or the plane to arrive, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry will reveal just what you need to be fluent and ready for the next cosmic headlines: from the Big Bang to black holes, from quarks to quantum mechanics, and from the search for planets to the search
Richard Gott , based on an introductory astrophysics course they co-taught at Princeton UniversityCD available at Half Price Books® s://wwwAstrophysics for People in a Hurry
Kjøp boken Astrophysics for People in a Hurry av Neil DeGrasse Tyson (ISBN 9780393609394) hos Adlibris
Phantom of the opera overture organ sheet music
average cost of a rolls royce


American Equipment & Trailer, Inc. has sold, distributed, manufactured, repaired, and rebuilt semi-trailers and work truck equipment Since 1953. We service all types of semi-trailers with the exception of explosive trailers, specializing in Agriculture, Construction and Oil Field Industry Semi-Trailers. We also specialize in work truck equipment that is installed behind the truck cab making the unit a multi-purpose vehicle such as a dump truck or service field truck.


text:
@interface TSDirectionController : UIViewController

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *currentLat;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *currentLng;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *destinationLat;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *destinationLng;

@end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Better sql query for performace I have a query that looks like :
    select *
      from Franvaro f
inner join Anvandare a on a.id = f.anvandare_id
     where (
                f.friskskriven = 'Y'
            and not exists (
                    select *
                      from sscpost
                     where franvaro_id = f.id
                       and friskskrivenpost = 'Y'
                )
           )
        or (
                f.startdatum <= '2020-04-05'
            and not exists (
                    select *
                      from sscpost
                     where franvaro_id = f.id
                       and friskskrivenpost = 'Y'
                )
           )
       and a.anstallningtyp = 'A'
         ;

I wonder if this query could be written in another way with the same output/result in order to have a better performance or better structure.I have tested also with this query(see below), but the result is not the same compared to the other query.
    select *
      from Franvaro f
inner join Anvandare a on a.id = f.anvandare_id
     where f.friskskriven = 'Y'
        or f.startdatum <= '2020-04-05'
       and not exists (
               select *
                 from sscpost
                where franvaro_id = f.id
                  and friskskrivenpost = 'Y'
           )
       and a.anstallningtyp = 'A'
         ;

A: This might not matter with modern optimizers anymore, but in your EXISTS clause, you don't actually need anything returned. Therefore you might return 1 or NULL or something. I'm showing my age.
At the end of the day, the best way to optimize queries is to learn how to read their EXPLAIN PLAN's. Every SQL system works differently, and there sometimes isn't 1 best way. It will also depend on the size of these tables and what the data looks like.
But there is nothing inherently wrong with your code, it looks fine.
    select *
      from Franvaro f
inner join Anvandare a on a.id = f.anvandare_id
     where (
                f.friskskriven = 'Y'
            and not exists (
                    select 1
                      from sscpost
                     where franvaro_id = f.id
                       and friskskrivenpost = 'Y'
                )
           )
        or (
                f.startdatum <= '2020-04-05'
            and not exists (
                    select 1
                      from sscpost
                     where franvaro_id = f.id
                       and friskskrivenpost = 'Y'
                )
           )
       and a.anstallningtyp = 'A'
         ;

A: Try:
SELECT *
FROM Franvaro f
INNER JOIN Anvandare a ON a.id = f.anvandare_id
WHERE a.anstallningtyp = 'A'
 AND ( f.friskskriven = 'Y' OR f.startdatum <= '2020-04-05' )
 AND NOT EXISTS
   (
     SELECT null
     FROM sscpost
     WHERE franvaro_id = f.id
        AND friskskrivenpost = 'Y'
     )

Mainly we combine the NOT EXISTS statement into one call

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Modern Coffee Tables Luxury Magnussen Home Furnishings Prescott Rustic Honey Reclaimed Wood is one of pictures thet are related with the picture before in the collection gallery. If you would like to see the Modern Coffee Tables Luxury Magnussen Home Furnishings Prescott Rustic Honey Reclaimed Wood in High Resolution [HD Resolution] version, please press the right click on picures/image then choose "Save as Image" option, and done. You will get Modern Coffee Tables Luxury Magnussen Home Furnishings Prescott Rustic Honey Reclaimed Wood pictures that you want. The exactly dimension of Modern Coffee Tables Luxury Magnussen Home Furnishings Prescott Rustic Honey Reclaimed Wood was 3500x3500 pixels. You can also look for some pictures by collection on below this picture. Find the other picture or article about Unique Modern Coffee Tables here. We hope it can help you to get information of the picture.


text:
class CPPRESTSHARED_EXPORT RequestWorker : public QThread
{
	Q_OBJECT
public:
	RequestWorker(QSslConfiguration ssl_configuration, qintptr socket);
	RequestWorker(qintptr socket);
	void run();

protected slots:
	void handleConnection();
	void socketDisconnected();

Q_SIGNALS:
	void sslFailed(const QList<QSslError> &error);
	void verificationFailed(const QSslError &error);
	void securelyConnected();

private:
	const int STREAM_CHUNK_SIZE = 1024*10;
	QString intToHex(const int &input);

	void closeAndDeleteSocket(QSslSocket* socket);
	void sendResponseDataPart(QSslSocket *socket, QByteArray data);
	void sendEntireResponse(QSslSocket *socket, HttpResponse response);

	QSslConfiguration ssl_configuration_;
	qintptr socket_;
	bool is_terminated_;
	bool is_secure_;
};

#endif // REQUESTWORKER_H


text:
from pathlib import Path
import json
import pytest
import grrrrit
from tests.common import root

data_path = root / "tests" / "data"

@pytest.mark.skip
def test_no_changes():
    gerrit_log_files = list(data_path.glob("grrrrit.log*"))
    assert len(gerrit_log_files) > 0, "Expected at least one grrrit.log* file in the data folder"

    for logfile in gerrit_log_files:
        process_log_file(logfile)

def process_log_file(logfile: Path):
    current_expectation = None
    current_expectation_line = -1
    diff = []

    for i, line in enumerate(logfile.open(encoding='utf-8')):
        if 'stream-events: ' in line:
            line = line.split("stream-events: ")[1].strip()
            if line == 'Connection to gerrit.wikimedia.org closed by remote host.':
                continue
            line = json.loads(line)

            processed_event = grrrrit.process_event(line)
            if processed_event:
                if current_expectation is not None:
                    diff.append(("+", current_expectation_line, current_expectation))

                current_expectation = processed_event
                current_expectation_line = i
        elif 'processed: ' in line:
            line = line.split('processed: ')[1]
            line = json.loads(line.strip())

            if current_expectation != line:
                diff.append(("-", i, line))
            else:
                current_expectation = None
                current_expectation_line = -1

    for diffline in diff:
        print("{1}: {0}  {2}".format(*diffline))

    assert len(diff) == 0


Welp… Chyna is still out there tryna secure the bag and Soulja Boy is her next conquest.
Chyna, who recently broke up with her last sponsor boyfriend, was the arm piece for the 'crank dat' rapper and apparently their more than JUST FRIENDS.
Sources close to both Chyna and Soulja tell us they've been dating for more than a week … a relationship that blossomed on Instagram, after each slid into the other's DMs.
We're told SB and Chyna finally met up at Sean Kingston's L.A. penthouse last week, and things got heated — in a good way.
What are your thoughts about this new 'power couple'?


text:
Date of last revision: 26 November 2018
This cookies policy ("Policy") describes the cookies we use and the purposes for which we use such cookies when you use our Website www.genbagames.com ("Website"). By using our Website, you consent to the cookies described below being deposited on your device for the purposes set out in this Policy.
Our Website is operated by Genba Digital Limited, incorporated in England and Wales under company number 09491005 and having its registered office address at Suites 12-14 3rd Floor, Vantage Point, New England Road, Brighton BN1 4GW (whom we refer to as "we" and related terms such as "our" and "us").
2. What are cookies and how do we use them
A cookie is a small text file which is placed onto your computer (or other electronic device) when you access our Website. We use cookies on our Website to:
recognise you when you use our Website;
carry out research and statistical analysis to help improve our content, products and services and to help us better understand our visitors' and customers' requirements and interests;
make your online experience more efficient and enjoyable.
In certain circumstances we may collect personal information about you, as we explain in our Privacy Notice.
In most cases we will need your consent in order to use cookies on our Website. An exception is where the cookie is essential in order for us to provide you with a service you have requested.
3. Consent to cookies
If you visit our Website when your browser is set to accept cookies (or otherwise indicate your consent), we will interpret this as an indication that you consent to our use of cookies as described in this Policy. If you change your mind in the future about letting us use cookies, you can modify the settings of your browser to reject cookies or disable cookies completely.
We may work with third party suppliers who may also set cookies on our Website. Any such third party suppliers are responsible for the cookies they set. If you want further information please go to the website for the relevant third party.
This web analytics service provided by Google Inc helps us to analyse how users use our Website. It counts the number of visitors and tells us about their behaviour overall, such as typical length of stay on our site or the average number of pages a user views.
This information generated by the cookie about your use of our Website will be transmitted to and stored by Google on its servers. Google will use this information for the purpose of evaluating your use of our Website, compiling reports on website activity and providing other services relating to website activity.
We use the information to improve our Website and generally enhance your experience.
For more information about Google Analytics, please visit cookie usage.
You can prevent Google Analytics from tracking your browsing by downloading and installing the Google Analytics Opt-Out browser add-on which is available here.
6. How to turn off cookies
If you do not want to accept cookies, you can change your browser settings so that cookies are not accepted. If you do this, please be aware that you may lose some of the functionality of our Website. For further information about cookies and how to disable them you may wish to view the UK Information Commissioner's guide here.
© 2020 Genba Digital.


This month, we mark the 50th anniversary of one of the most dramatic — and traumatic — turning points in American history: November 22, 1963, the 35th President of the United States was assassinated while riding with his wife in the back seat of an open, midnight blue convertible limo. Half a century later, events of that Friday morning still replay in the minds of Americans as they did then — where they were; what they were doing — will forever be etched in their memories. An integral part of that tragic event was the open limo the President was riding in. Iconic photos of the First Lady crawling over the trunk, assisted by a Secret Service agent are familiar images to most Americans. History of what happened is well documented: a new President was sworn in onboard Air Force One, the accused shooter was shot on live television by a night club owner, the funeral with a young boy saluting the coffin, a nation in mourning. But where did that new Lincoln go?
The President's car, built in Wixom, Michigan, when completed in 1961, was a four-door Lincoln Continental convertible. It was modified at Hess & Eisenhardt of Cincinnati, Ohio where it was cut in half and had a three-foot extension added. Along with the extra length, it had a special rear seat installed with special padding and leather. This rear seat had a hydraulic lift that could raise the seat ten and a half inches so the rider(s) could have an elevated yet comfortable view. Besides a special seat, the car had a PA system installed, two radio phones, special lights inside, flashing red lights outside, sirens, and additional exterior hand holds on the trunk and footholds for security personnel. The Secret Service code-named it the "X-100".
It had three different rooftops — one being made of clear plexiglass — and this roof was almost used that day, as it had rained the day before. However, none of the roofs were bulletproof. During 1963, the wheel covers (hub caps) were replaced with the "sombrero" style covers of the 1957 Lincoln Premiere. Also, the grill was replaced with a 1962 model grill.
Right after the events had transpired in Dallas, the limo was loaded onto a cargo plane and flown into Andrews Air Force Base. From there it was taken to the White House garage and thoroughly inspected, documented and analyzed. This inspection continued for months by the FBI, Secret Service, and members assigned to the Warren Commission. When the investigation was concluded, the car was sent to Cincinnati for an overhaul by the company which first made the limo.
During the overhaul, a larger engine was installed, to give the car added power to accommodate the additional features being built into the car. One major replacement was the installation of a permanent, bulletproof roof. Additional titanium armor plating was added to the rear section of the car, as well as to the trunk area. The floor was also replaced with heavy steel to withstand grenades. Run-flat tires were installed and all the glass was replaced with extremely thick, and bulletproof, glass.
Not all modifications were just for safety — a second air conditioner was installed in the trunk to keep the backseat passengers comfortable. These additions nearly doubled the weight of the car. During the Johnson presidency, he insisted that he be able to roll down his window in the back, so back to the shop the car went again, for a window that could be raised and lowered. He also demanded that the car be repainted black.


NEW YORK: Annie Lennox has a sweet dream — that the world will embrace the term global feminism and continue to push for the advancement of women's rights around the globe.
The iconic singer and activist teamed with Apple Music to launch a video Thursday in support of global feminism to coincide with International Women's Day, which is Friday.
The nearly two-minute clip features Lennox, Oscar-nominated actor Richard E. Grant and Grammy-winning singers Ed Sheeran, Mary J. Blige and Dua Lipa telling the story of women's rights in the last 100 years.
"My interest is this term 'global feminism,'" Lennox said. "It means that everybody can be a part of it. It isn't saying, 'I'm a feminist, it's different than your feminism.' No. It's all part of a very mixed, diverse dialogue that will bring many people (together)."
"Feminism — we must use this word because it means empowerment. People can be (and) must be empowered," she said.
The Scottish singer said though there's been major progress for women's rights, much more needs to be done.
"In western countries, we're far more resourced than people are generally speaking in the so-called developing world," she said. "It isn't right that young girls cannot attend primary school or cannot attend secondary school. If they are living in poverty, they can't therefore have the skills that they need. They can't become literate, they can't read or write, and therefore they can't have a chance to get out of this poverty."
Lennox is also encouraging more men to become global feminists: "We can be generous and inclusive, and we can use this term like an umbrella term, where people stand collectively, shoulder-to-shoulder, and they identify these facts and say, 'This is not right. Men, women can say, 'This is not right.'"
"Also, we must change this thing about violence where 1 in 3 women have experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime. If we don't have dialogue with boys and men, we cannot change attitudes and behaviors, so we must bring boys and men into the arena, into the platform for discussion," she added.
Lennox, 64, said Sheeran was the first to jump on board for the video, which also features cameos by Hozier, Emeli Sande, Paloma Faith, Yola, Ade Adepitan, Richa Chadha and more. For International Women's Day, Apple Music is also launching playlists curated by some of the top female acts in music, including Cardi B, Pink, Halsey, Camila Cabello and more.
Lennox is a Grammy and Oscar winner who has had major success as a member of the duo Eurythmics as well as a solo act, with hits including "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)," ''Walking on Broken Glass," ''No More I Love You's" and "Here Comes the Rain Again."
Lennox has pushed for equal rights throughout her career, and in 2008 she launched The Circle, an organization that focuses on gaining equality for women.
"I really like grassroots movements because I feel the change could come from within. Women like myself, I'm white. My skin color is white. My social standing is — I come from privilege. I don't come from a privileged background, but now my life is extremely privileged. With that privilege, I have a voice and a platform. I have ability to move. I can contribute in many ways to raising awareness globally about these situations and circumstances," she said.


text:
The history of inheritance taxes in the United Kingdom has undergone significant change and mutation since their original introduction in 1694.

Duties before Finance Act 1894

Probate duty was introduced as part of the Stamps Act 1694, in order to help finance England's involvement in the War of the League of Augsburg. It originally applied to all probates of wills and letters of administration for personal estates valued greater than £20, at a fixed duty of 5 s. (one crown, or a quarter of a pound). It was converted into a graduated rate in 1780 by Lord North, as a consequence of financing British activity in the American Revolutionary War. Penalties for failing to file probate or administration documents were introduced in 1795, and accounts for calculating liability were first required in 1805. As probate and administration were unknown in Scotland, inventory duty was introduced in 1804 to provide for similar liability there. Ireland introduced probate duty separately in 1774.

Legacy duty was also imposed in 1780, initially upon receipts or discharges given with respect to a legacy. As receipts were not in practice given or required, revenues were insignificant until William Pitt the Younger reformed the regime to require executors to account for the property in question, as well as varying rates according to the type of collateral succession. Further measures and later court decisions clarified the duty's extent.

Probate and legacy duty focused on the legacy of the estate, as opposed to its devise, thus excluding real property from taxation. Neither duty captured property passing by way of settlement, which was outside the scope of probate and administration. Succession duty was introduced by William Gladstone as a measure to capture more unearned wealth at the point of succession that would not otherwise be chargeable to legacy duty. In that regard, real property was included in its scope, but only on the life interest therein, as opposed to its full market value. Leasehold interests were excluded from legacy duty, thus having them fall within the new duty.

The administration of legacy and succession duties was integrated in 1881, with the requirement that no probate or letters of administration would be granted by the Court if a court officer cannot certify that an affidavit has been filed  stating the estate's value and stamped where liability for duty is shown. Relief from legacy and succession duties at the rate of 1% was allowed on such affidavits and inventories filed and stamped, and a penalty equal to double the amount of duty due was imposed on any person failing to file them on time. Account duty was also introduced, charging certain gifts and voluntary settlements to be taxed.

Additional succession duties were introduced in 1888:

 on any successor who is the lineal issue or lineal ancestor of the predecessor, 10 s. per centum (0.5%)
 in all other cases, £1 10 s. per centum (1.5%)
 but this additional duty does not apply to interests in leaseholds passing by will or by devolution by law, nor to property subject to account duty

Corporation duty was imposed in 1885, and a temporary estate duty in 1889 (intended to last until 1896), to encompass activities which the previous duties had not captured.

Estate duty framework (1894-1949)

The succession duty's taxation of the life interest in real property, as opposed to its full capital value, was seen to be unfair to heirs of different ages, as elder heirs effectively received a life interest that was lower in value than one received by a younger heir, even when they were shares in the same property.

In his famous 1894 budget, William Harcourt further noted the unfairness of the system that had developed:

In the Finance Act 1894, estate duty replaced probate duty, account duty, certain additional succession duties, and the 1889 estate duty. It was collected in addition to the legacy duty and succession duty which still remained in effect.

With respect to real property, succession duty ceased to be calculated on the value of the life interest in the succession, being instead based on the principal value of the property after deducting the liability for related estate duty, together with expenses incurred in raising funds for paying it.

Settlement estate duty was increased to 2% by the Finance Act 1909–10, and was later abolished by the Finance Act 1914.

Estate duty was designed to be a progressive tax. It became more highly progressive over time, with the highest marginal rates fixed as follows:

 in 1907, 15% on taxable amounts over £1,000,000, where the total estate was greater than £3,000,000
 in 1910, 15% on taxable amounts over £1,000,000
 in 1914, 20% on taxable amounts over £1,000,000
 in 1919, 40% on taxable amounts over £2,000,000
 in 1930, 50% on taxable amounts over £2,000,000
 in 1939, 60% on taxable amounts over £2,000,000
 in 1940, 65% on taxable amounts over £2,000,000
 in 1946, 75% on taxable amounts over £2,000,000
 in 1949, 80% on taxable amounts over £1,000,000 (following the abolition of legacy and succession duty)

Estate duty (1949-1975)

The complexity and unfairness in how the duties were applied was discussed by Stafford Cripps in his 1949 Budget speech:

Accordingly, legacy duty and succession duty were abolished by the Finance Act 1949, followed by the repeal of corporation duty by the Finance Act 1959. The three-year period for gifts made prior to death was extended to five years by the Finance Act 1946, and then to seven years by the Finance Act 1969.

Estate duty became more progressive in scale, eventually peaking in 1969 with the highest marginal rate fixed at 85% of amounts in excess of £750,000, provided that total duty did not exceed 80% of the value of the total estate.

Capital Transfer Tax (1975-1986)

Estate duty was criticised for failing to capture the value of gifts made more than seven years before a person's death, as well as that of any property vested in trusts prior to death. In his 1974 Budget speech, Denis Healey, then Chancellor of the Exchequer, declared:

This was implemented with the passage of the Finance Act 1975, which abolished estate duty and created the capital transfer tax, with the following characteristics:

 It captured all transfers of value, not made at an arm's length basis, by which the transferor's estate was less in value after the disposition than it was before.
 Value was generally defined as "the price which the property might reasonably be expected to fetch in the open market at that time; but that price shall not be assumed to be reduced on the ground that the whole property is to be placed on the market at one and the same time."
 Transfers (in excess of specified limits, or not otherwise excluded) made during a person's lifetime were accumulated with tax assessed on a sliding scale on the total amount.
 All transfers made at death or within three years before were taxable at a separate, higher sliding scale.
 Where the transferor was domiciled in the United Kingdom, tax was chargeable on all subject property; otherwise, it was chargeable only on property situated in the UK.

CTT was reduced in scope during the Thatcher years, with the rates applicable to gifts adjusted to encourage business property to be given during a lifetime, and a ten-year accumulation period introduced to cap the effect of graduated rates.

Inheritance tax (1986 to present)

Nigel Lawson, in his 1986 Budget speech, moved to abolish the tax on lifetime gifts altogether, explaining:

This was implemented in the Finance Act 1986.

Estate on death
For IHT purposes, a person's estate includes:

the aggregate of all the property, other than excluded property and specified interests in possession, to which he is beneficially entitled;
beneficial entitlement includes the general power to dispose or charge money on any property;
except where otherwise provided, the person's liabilities must be taken into account, but it does not include liability with respect to any other tax that may arise on the transfer, and a liability incurred by a transferor shall be taken into account only to the extent that it was incurred for a consideration in money or money's worth.

Excluded property comprises:

property situated outside the United Kingdom, where the person beneficially entitled to it is an individual domiciled outside the United Kingdom;
decorations and awards granted for valour or gallant conduct, and which have never been the subject of a disposition for a consideration in money or money's worth; and
certain specified securities.

Relief is also granted, where the value of the estate is reduced with respect to specified business property, agricultural property, woodlands, certain transfers made within three years of death made at a diminished value, and certain other cases.

Chargeable transfers prior to death
Deductions will be made from an estate's nil rate band with respect to transfers of value made in excess of specified limits, other than "potentially exempt transfers" made more than seven years before the transferor's death. Transfers of value made within specified limits are known as "exempt transfers".

Transfers of value will also include gifts arising from the amount by which an asset is sold for less than it could have been sold on the open market, as for a sale from a parent to a child. Gifts can also arise where:

 a lease is granted at less than full market rent, shares in a private company are rearranged, rights in such shares are altered, or there has been agreement to act as a guarantor for someone else's debts
 transfers of value, at a loss to the donor, have been made to certain trusts
 premiums have been paid on a life insurance policy for the benefit of someone else
 the deceased ceased to have a right to a benefit from a trust or settlement

Where the value of such transfers exhausts the amount available to the nil rate band, IHT is assessed on the excess amount, to which the recipients of such transfers bear the liability to pay.

Rate of tax
Tax is assessed at 40% of the net value of the estate, after application of the nil rate band. The applicable nil rate band will depend on the date of death: if the date falls at any time from 6 August to 5 April in a given tax year, the current year's band will apply; but, where the date is after 5 April but before 6 August, and application for a grant is filed before 6 August, the prior year's band will apply.

For deaths occurring after 5 April 2012, the tax is assessed at 36%, where at least 10% of a specified baseline amount of the estate has been bequeathed as charitable gifts. For purposes of calculation, the property of the estate is separated into three components, each of which is tested to see if the charitable gifts are sufficient to qualify for the lesser rate:

 the survivorship component, comprising joint or common property that passes on death by survivorship or special destination;
 the settled property component, made up of all settled property in which the deceased had an interest in possession to which he was beneficially entitled immediately before death; and
 the general component, consisting of all other property in the estate, with the exception of that arising from gifts with reservation.

If applicable gifts meet the 10% threshold for a given component, in certain circumstances, upon election, the 36% rate applies to the whole estate. There are several options available for estates to be able to achieve that threshold, such as having the will specifying relevant gifts in terms of percentages of assets, or successors executing a deed of variation to attain the desired result.

Additional nil rate band on main residence
In the summer budget of 2015 a new measure was outlined to reduce the burden of IHT for most families by making it easier to pass on the family home to direct descendants without a tax charge. It came into effect upon the passage of the Finance (No. 2) Act 2015, and provided for the following scheduled amounts:

 £100,000 for the 2017-18 tax year
 £125,000 for the 2018-19 tax year
 £150,000 for the 2019-20 tax year
 £175,000 for the 2020-21 tax year
 for subsequent tax years, the amount will be linked to the September–September rise in  the consumer price index

The Finance Act 2016 provided further relief in cases where all or part of the additional band could be lost, where a person had downsized to a less valuable residence or had ceased to own a residence after 8 July 2015 (and before the person has died). This is conditional upon the deceased having left that smaller residence, or assets of equivalent value, to direct descendants. These are defined as lineal descendants, spouses or civil partners of such lineal descendants, or former spouses or civil partners who have not become anyone else's spouse or civil partner.

Pre-owned assets
Effective with the 2005-06 tax year, the Finance Act 2004 introduced a retrospective income tax regime known as pre-owned asset tax (POAT) which covers transactions not made at arm's length, where a person either:

 disposes of a property, or
 contributes funds to another person to acquire a property,

and then subsequently benefits from its use.

The person liable for POAT may, while he is still alive, elect on a timely basis to have such transactions treated as gifts with reservations (thus subject to IHT) with respect to such transactions made in a given tax year.

Notes

References

Sources

Further reading

See also
 History of taxation in the United Kingdom

History of taxation in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Perhaps YOU have found my blog in this way. Perhaps you were expecting gurning old women and have been pleasantly surprised. If so, use the email link in the sidebar and let me know, putting "I'm a searchketeer" in the subject line.