MILES O'BRIEN, CNN ANCHOR: It's now eight minutes 18 seconds until the intended launch of the Space Shuttle Discovery. I'm Miles O'Brien, live from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, welcoming viewers around the world as we share, this tense moment, two-and-a- half years after the loss of Columbia and her crew, NASA poised to return the space shuttle fleet to flight.
We're inside what is known as terminal count. I'm joined by astronaut Jim Riley. And in essence, terminal count is what it sounds like. The final countdown, and a very important time where things happen very rapidly, Jim?
M. O'BRIEN: That's the auxiliary power unit, which you referred to, which powers the shuttle, provides electricity in key points, when it's on launch and landing.
REILLY: Absolutely. The controls, the aero surfaces, the flaps on the vehicle, as well as some the other equipment, and they're also going to be connecting the fuel cells so that we'll get onboard power to Discovery at that point.
M. O'BRIEN: And you're seeing the first lady who has join this launch. She's not far from where we are, in the VIP viewing area, and the governor as well, her brother-in-law, here for this launch on this beautiful sunny day.
And if you look out at the launch pad, that shot we've been showing you in that white room, you see what amounts to a jet wave being swung away. Only in this case, it's a shuttle-way I guess, having buttoned up that shuttle, the crew hatch is sealed, the crew buttoned up, everybody go for launch, and the countdown is at its point now with about 6:45 seconds to go.
One of the things that they're thinking about all times, Jim, are the series of abort scenarios. I want to show some quick animations while we listen to this launch to show what the crew could contend with. If you lost an engine or two very early on, there is a scenario called return to launch site, which would actually put the space shuttle back on the ground here in about 20 minutes after launch. Tell us how that would unfold.
REILLY: If we were to lose an engine at a critical phase, just coming off the pad, then we wouldn't have enough energy to get across the ocean. So the abort profile then would just be a fly backwards, and slowdown, and then drop back into the atmosphere, and then start a return back to Kennedy Space Center to land back at the shuttle landing facility.
M. O'BRIEN: Flying backwards, supersonic in your own plume, sounds like something you don't want to try.
REILLY: Not unless we absolutely have to.
M. O'BRIEN: All right, that's if you lose engines very early on or a couple of engines, and what happens is, as we get closer to this ascent, this eight-and-a-half minute ride to space, each milestone of altitude and speed, the crew is making a decision as to what the abort scenario would be. They're sort of spring-loaded for whatever abort they can pull off at any given moment.
The next one would sort of a trans-Atlantic abort, essentially they have enough speed, if they lose an engine at this point, to make it to Spain or France, get across the ocean. Explain how would that unfold.
Exactly, once we get to a point where we have enough velocity to cross the ocean, then we will then pick our abort sites, to be either Zergo (ph), Submarone (ph) or Le Tube (ph) in France, where the orbiter could re-enter the atmosphere and land at any those three sites.
M. O'BRIEN: Once again, none of these have ever been done. Two sites in Spain, one in France, and then there is one abort that actually has occurred. Back in the pre-Challenger days, main engine shutdown kind of early on the ascent. It's called abort to orbit, abort to orbit, meaning they can achieve an orbit, but perhaps not at the altitude you expected. In other words, as you get higher, add velocity, if you lost an engine there, we still might be able to achieve a space orbit?
REILLY: Absolutely. In fact, that is, as you mentioned, the only abort we've ever had in the space shuttle program, and that was an abort-to-orbit case, where you had enough performance to make it to orbit, but as soon as you get to orbit, you'll have to do an orbital maneuvering system burn to circularize your orbit and raise your altitude high enough.
M. O'BRIEN: Possibly, though, in that case you might not have enough altitude to make it to the space station, but that's a scenario that certainly seems remote at this point, given the fact the shuttle seems to be working so well. One other one, they call it an abort once around. What is that -- what kind of a situation does that involve?
REILLY: If we had a system failure, something critical, that looked like we wouldn't be able to stay safely in orbit, then that is an option where we would then just do one single orbit of the Earth, and then return back to the landing site right here, at Kennedy Space Center. All right. So that could, after 90 minutes, mean the shuttle would arrive back here. Those are the things that are on the minds of crew. They spend all of this time in simulators practicing for these sorts ever things.
We are now at four minute -- inside the four-minute point. What's going on in the countdown right now, Jim?
REILLY: Right now what they've done is they're getting ready for the engine starts and they'll be doing that very quickly. They're going to now go to the inertial measurement units onboard, which will be the navigation controls. The main engines are gimbling right now, so they're getting -- they can actually feel that inside on the flight deck.
M. O'BRIEN: When you say gimbling, we're seeing it here happen right now. The engines actually have directable thrust, and when you gimble, they're just moving around them to make sure they work properly, right?
REILLY: Right, now that hydraulic systems are active, they can gimble the engines, and they're doing the final check of the engines to make sure that they can gimble through all the motions, and you can feel that as a slight swing onboard the shuttle.
M. O'BRIEN: Now coming up, we're going to see. They're going to do some pressurization to that oxygen tank, sort of get it buttoned up. Are they passed the point where here to replenishing the fuel?
REILLY: They'll be doing it just right up to the very end, the last few minutes. But they're in basically just a sustaining mode right at this point. As soon as they remove the beanie cap, then it will be completely buttoned up and on its own.
M. O'BRIEN: That beanie cap, if you look at top there of that picture that you see right there, right at the pointy end of the orange external fuel tank, I think the technical term is the gaseous oxygen vent hood, but I appreciate you using the layperson's term. What a switch here, I'm doing the NASA vernacular. Basically that takes excess oxygen gas -- there it goes -- from forming at the top that can pose an ice-and-debris problem there. Once that is removed, we're getting down to the final moments and inside the point of three minutes.
Now, the fuel cell start-up, where they kind of go internal, fuel cells are what power the orbiter while on orbit, that's an important milestone as well.
REILLY: That's true. And what that'll do, is that will be the onboard power supply now, and the crew has now gotten the clearance to close and lock their visors and do their last buttons up for what they're going to be wearing when they go to space.
M. O'BRIEN: Now one new thing here is, deactivation of the bipod heaters. We talked a little while ago, about how there were heaters where there use to be foam and the bipods. They turned them off right before launch?
REILLY: Yes, and that's true. In fact, they just did that. They just turned off the bipod heaters, and they've been on so to preclude any ice formation where that foam has been removed. And now they've been taking off, so that we've got 1:30 left to go.
M. O'BRIEN: One minute and thirty seconds to go. There as heaters as well, and the solid rocket boosters that will deactivated in the next 20 seconds or so, and then at 50 seconds, an important point, transferring to internal power. In other words, the shuttle is no longer tied to the shore, so to speak.
REILLY: Exactly. It'll have its own onboard power available at that point, and a real critical moment is at 31 seconds, and that's the transition to the onboard.
M. O'BRIEN: At 31 seconds the ground launch sequence. It goes into auto sequence, as you see. The crowd gathering here beneath the countdown clock. The flags limp, the weather perfect, the shuttle apparently the same. Let's listen to NASA's George Diller and the radio calls between mission control, launch control and the Space Shuttle Discovery.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Live from handoff to Discovery's computers. T-minus 31 seconds. The handoff has occurred. Discovery's computers now in control.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Firing chain is armed.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Sounds pressure water system is active, is being activated.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: (INAUDIBLE) systems armed. T-minus 10 seconds . Go for main engine start, seven, six, five -- three engines up and burning -- three, two, one -- and liftoff of Space Shuttle Discovery, beginning America's new journey to the moon, Mars and beyond. And the vehicle has cleared the palate.
M. O'BRIEN: The Space Shuttle Discovery on its way. This is a critical period of time, eight-and-a-half of, well, a lot of violence you might say to get them to space. What it's like now onboard there?
REILLY: Right now they're feeling a lot of shaking onboard the flight deck. They're about to go supersonic, and you'll hear the call to throttle down, which is where they're going through max aerodynamic pressure, and you'll hear the vehicle, and behind us it's just roaring inside the solid rocket boosters. And you can feel that onboard the shuttle inside, and you can see on the outside of the vehicle, the shocks are forming right now as they're going supersonic. M. O'BRIEN: Those are actually called shock collars, and that occurs -- it basically it makes the water vapor condense as it goes through at supersonic speeds, right?
REILLY: Exactly. In fact, they're forming the (INAUDIBLE). They're continuing to accelerate until they hit about five times the speed of sound in about two minutes when we kick off the solid rocket boosters.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Go at throttle up.
M. O'BRIEN: Sounds like Eileen is getting -- Eileen is getting rattled around a little bit there, as we hear the famous go with throttle up call.
M. O'BRIEN: That's a key point. We should point out that once you light those solid rocket boosters, there's no turning them off. And that first couple of minutes is very critical, because there aren't many abort scenarios in that situation. There are no.
REILLY: Exactly. In fact, we're pretty much along for the ride for that first two minutes and 17 seconds on the solid rocket boosters. Everything happens pretty quick after that. For the next six and half minutes on the three-man engines, as we continue to accelerate uphill, as they will today, until you hit orbital velocity here at eight and half minutes, at 17,500 miles an hour.
M. O'BRIEN: We used to all be the sigh of relief at that moment, because, of course, we thought of Challenger.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Speed now, 3,030 miles per hour, altitude 33 miles. 40 miles.
M. O'BRIEN: Not bad. 40 miles of altitude in two-and-half minutes. That's not bad. I'd say that's a decent performance.
REILLY: That's a pretty good move.
M. O'BRIEN: Which means, if you lose two engines, you can make it to Spain.
REILLY: If you lose one engine, you can make it on the two remaining engines to Spain.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: All systems in good condition. Altitude now, 254,000 feet for about 48 miles. Discovery speed of 4,500 miles per hour. 85 miles northeast of the Kennedy Space Center.
M. O'BRIEN: You're listening to the voice of James Hartsfield (ph), who is Houston at the public affairs office -- officer there, sitting in mission control. The same man who brought us the terrible news about the loss of Columbia two and a half ago. This picture is really designed for engineers to make sure they don't see debris, but it's an awful lot fun for us to kind of go along for the ride, isn't it?
REILLY: Absolutely. You're looking from the top of the tank, down the belly of the orbiter. And there, sticking out the right side -- or the left side, as you're looking at, is the right wing of the orbiter Discovery. And you can see the edge of the Earth in the background there.
M. O'BRIEN: Back down to the ground here, the flag still flapping ever so nicely, and -- about three minutes or so into the mission. Where are we on the potential abort scenarios now?
REILLY: Right now we're still in the two-engine towel (ph) and we got the negative return call, which means they won't come back to Kennedy Space Center for anything that happens now. They'll continue on across the ocean.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: All systems remain go for Discovery.
M. O'BRIEN: Altitude and speed are their friend now, and each bit of it that they gain, they get another option, another possibility, another place to go if something should go wrong. And in about 20 seconds, they're basically in a scenario where they could make it aboard for orbit, right?
REILLY: Exactly. Anything that happens here, as you said, in about 12 seconds, they're going to be, press the ATO. In other words, if anything happens, they continue on to orbit.
M. O'BRIEN: And this is where astronauts say all that simulation, all of that training, never had to use it.
REILLY: Absolutely. But that's a good thing. M. O'BRIEN: Yes, that is a good thing. You say -- I've heard this portion of the launch called the electric ride, because it's almost like riding a smooth train or something. Is it really like that?
REILLY: It really is. It's very, very smooth. Once you come off the solid rocket boosters, it is very, very smooth on the three main engines. And the last few minutes, they'll be feeling the force of three times the force of gravity through their chest as they go into final acceleration. And there's our press to ATO call, which means that they could lose an engine at this point and they'll continue on to orbit.
M. O'BRIEN: Is that a moment where you breathe you breathe a sigh of relief or do you wait until the main engine cut off?
M. O'BRIEN: They're now officially astronauts. I suppose they put the astronaut pin on a little later, right?
REILLY: When they come home, yes, there will be a ceremony for that.
M. O'BRIEN: Look at this great picture here as we see the sun shining on the belly of Discovery there. And, like you said, this camera was put in in direct response to the debris strike which occurred in Columbia, but gives us a wonderful sense where they are. You see the Earth beneath as they make their way into space. I didn't get the altitude call just a moment ago, but they've done a long way in a short period of time.
UNIDENTIFIED: Those calls that Discovery could reach its planned orbit on only two engines if needed. All three continue upright well at full throttle. Just under two minutes to cut-off of the main engines now.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Discovery Houston, we see nominal shutdown plan. You will be go for the front deck and go for the pitch maneuver.
M. O'BRIEN: All right. Give us -- translate that for us. (INAUDIBLE) into pitch maneuver.
REILLY: Well, what they're going to do is, when they release the tank, one of the things they want to do is get photographs of the tanks on orbit. So they'll do pitch maneuver, they'll plusex (ph) away and basically shove themselves forward from the tank, pitch up and then they'll take photographs from the shuttle.
M. O'BRIEN: There's a pretty good chance you're going to see that, right? Is that possible? Will that camera still be recording at that point?
M. O'BRIEN: So far, so good.
REILLY. And the roll, the heads up. You can see the Earth's limb in the background back there.
M. O'BRIEN: So that was the heads up roll. Because what they do is -- most of the asset there, kind of -- well, you might call it upside down, but it doesn't feel like that, right?
REILLY: Exactly. Yes, you're in your seat, so you don't really feel the sensation of being upside down. But you can certainly see it out the windows, and on the instrumentation inside the cockpit.
M. O'BRIEN: And you see Launchpad 39B. The only thing more pretty to NASA than a shuttle on the pad is that sight, an empty launchpad, two and a half years later, in what appears to be a flawless ascent to orbit.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: 30 seconds to cut off of the main engines. 30 seconds.
M. O'BRIEN: And as we say, that cut-off of the main engine, eight minutes and 30 seconds in, which gets them into space and gets them on their way, that was the moment when astronauts used to breathe a sigh of relief. Columbia taught us something different, didn't it?
REILLY: Exactly, in that you can never relax your guard on this, never. Because this has a -- we have very close margins.
M. O'BRIEN: Well, it's interesting. You know, if you think about all the force we just witnessed and felt here. And our bones were rattling. I don't know if you -- it's not something that comes across well on television, that sense of raw power. But that power has to be dissipated somehow, and that's what re-entry is, after all, dissipation of that power. So you can understand the tremendous heat that is involved in all of that.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: ... jettison of the external fume tank.
M. O'BRIEN: I think we're going to see this live, which is extraordinary.
REILLY: You can see the jets firing on this one.
M. O'BRIEN: ... the jets firing. To do just what we saw there.
REILLY: And they'll pitch over now and look back at the tank and take some photographs. And that's a great call. That's omesone (ph) not required indicates they're in a good orbit and a good circular orbit.
M. O'BRIEN: He's talking about the orbital maneuvering system, which are rockets that do significant changes in your orbit. And if you don't need to use it, that means that you've had a great launch, essentially. And that's good news. Seeing that separation -- that was spectacular. That was something.
REILLY: That's the first time we've ever seen that.
M. O'BRIEN: Yes, we didn't expect we would have that live capability all the way there, but external fuel tank now makes its way toward a controlled entry in the Indian Ocean. It breaks up. Most of it burns up little tiny pieces, falling into the Indian Ocean. It's the only significant piece of the shuttle that is not re-used. Those solid rocket boosters that you saw that came off two minutes in, they have parachutes attached, they go into the ocean. They're fished out by some boats that bring them back, takes them a little while to get them back, but they're ultimately reconditioned, restacked and re- used.
Well, spectacular launch. Jim Reilly, you did a good job.
REILLY: Absolutely. Thank you very much.
M. O'BRIEN: And we are not done here. We're going to come back in just a little bit and we're going to resume our conversation about NASA, about this mission. We'll take another look at that spectacular launch. Look at them, they're putting their coats on and saying all in day's work here at the launch control center and the firing room here at the Kennedy Space Center. Back with more special coverage in just a moment.
M. O'BRIEN: This was the scene just a few moments ago as the Space Shuttle Discovery and her extra (INAUDIBLE) tank parted company about 160 nautical miles above the planet's surface. What a spectacular shot. We weren't sure we going to see that live up until the bitter end there. That shot is there to help engineers make sure there's no debris that fell off that tank, causing a problem to the orbiter itself. But it sure served a nice public relations factor, as well. That was a fun shot to watch.
Joining us once again, Lou Dobbs and Lori Garver. Lou, that was a fun launch to watch, being able to see it like we just did.
LOU DOBBS, CNN ANCHOR: Amazing.
M. O'BRIEN: But serious business -- yes. The serious business behind all of this is really what's next for NASA. Lots of talk about retiring the shuttle fleet, lots of talk about a new generation of vehicles. Lots of talk about how NASA does business. It's a lot for the agency to handle right now. You think they're up to it?
DOBBS: I do think they're up to it. And I have to be honest with you, Miles, after watching the external tank separate with the orbiter and to see those amazing picture as the orbiter fired its engines, I mean, that's just breathtaking. The thrill of a launch is always amazing, but that was just an incredible added bonus. And we appreciate you bringing it to us.
The direction for NASA now is clarifying a bit. We've gone through, as you know, Miles, three administrators for NASA, a beleaguered agency to begin with in less than four years, three. It was an unsettled organization before Columbia. It was a bureaucracy. As I was saying earlier, Walter Ritzen (ph) used to say that a bureaucracy is a state of mind, and that state of mind gripped NASA.
I have not -- and I don't know what your experience has been, but I have not heard so up excitement and just optimism as surrounds an administrator who's been there just about three months. Dr. Michael Griffin (ph) is just being received with open arms by the great professionals of NASA. You heard George Diller (ph) say with the launch of discovery, on to the moon, Mars and beyond, and that is the mission for NASA. It's a clear statement.
The days of -- when Dan Goldin was administrator, of cheaper, better, faster -- it looks like we have the hope that it will be better and farther and that this country is once again willing to invest in our space program. They're wonderful professionals. And you know that, Miles at NASA, have been beset by budget constraints, by often awkward and conflicting missions.
It looks like Michael Griffin (ph) and President Bush, to his credit, are bringing direction again to NASA. Now the question will be, will Congress support the budget and move us ahead? Whether it is orbital space plane, whether it be an extension of the shuttle or perhaps another derivation of the space vehicle.
We hope to hear the outline soon, but we're behind on schedule with the International Space Station now by more than a year. We've been dependent upon proton and soyuz (ph), the Russians to supply alpha. And we now need, and it looks like we can expect, the shuttle to take up its part in restoring the International Space Station, resupplying and getting us ready to build that -- that platform to move ahead to the moon.
So I, for one, think there is great reason for the people of NASA, for all of us, to be optimistic about where NASA is now heading.
M. O'BRIEN: Lori Garver, do you share that optimism? Because one of the big concerns that I talk -- that I hear from the rank and file here is that as NASA marches towards retiring the shuttle fleet by 2010, maybe 15 missions, maybe less, there is some concern there will be this down period when there are no flights and they lose a lot of good people. Is that a big concern?
LORI GARVER, FMR. NASA ASSOC. ADMINISTRATOR: Well, there's an interesting dilemma NASA finds itself in. Here we are in this great day of returning the shuttle to flight. We announce, as Lou just said, that we're going back to the moon, onto Mars and beyond. But in order to do that, we have to retire the very vehicle that is taking us on this exciting mission today. A lot has been made of retiring the shuttle, of what will follow it and this gap between having human space flight.
I guess in my view, we've just had a two-and-half year gap in human space flight and keep in mind that we had Americans 100 percent of that time on the International Space Station, thanks to our partners, the Russians. So to me, I think it's probably more important that we move on to develop new vehicles with new technology beyond these next 15 or so space shuttle flights, even if there is a gap between the time when U.S. can launch humans in space.
M. O'BRIEN: All right. Lori Garver and Lou Dobbs. Thank you very much. We're going to be back with more. We'll button things up with Jim Reilly and we'll tell you why they're eating beans right now in the launch control center. Stay with us.


text:
Sir Filoimea Telito (ur. 19 marca 1945, zm. 11 lipca 2011) – polityk Tuvalu, były gubernator generalny Tuvalu. Funkcję tę pełnił od 15 kwietnia 2005 do 19 marca 2010.

We wcześniejszym okresie pełnił m.in. funkcję dyrektora szkoły, był również pastorem kościoła anglikańskiego.

W 1996 roku Telito został uhonorowany za zasługi dla edukacji i społeczności Tuvalu Orderem Imperium Brytyjskiego (MBE).

Jego żoną była Pepapeti Telito.

Zmarł na atak serca 11 lipca 2011 roku.

Linki zewnętrzne

Przypisy

Gubernatorzy generalni Tuvalu
Odznaczeni Orderem św. Michała i św. Jerzego
Urodzeni w 1945
Zmarli w 2011

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
VIPASSI – Sunyata – December 20, 2016
More information about Sunyata
VIPASSI have released the third track taken from their forthcoming full-length 'Sunyata'. The debut of the Australian instrumental collective featuring members of NE OBLIVISCARIS will be out in stores on January 20th. The song "Elpis" is now exclusively streaming via the official media partners below.
Metal-Roos (AU)
Friedhof Magazine (ES)
Horns-Up (FR)
Zware Metalen (NL)
Musick Magazine (PL)
Zero Tolerance (UK)
Artwork and track-list of 'Sunyata' are revealed below.
Benzaiten
VIPASSI were birthed in 2009 by guitarist Ben Boyle and members of Australian shooting stars NE OBLIVISCARIS, which marked the beginning of a long journey of writing and rehearsing. They soon settled on an instrumental style that captured the openness aimed for to allow any listener to interpret and connect with the material subjectively. Their project represents a desire to explore beauty and darkness in all its shades, through melodic and complex compositions that are bemused in themes of the struggles of the human experience, exploring nature, spirituality and science. With 'Sunyata', VIPASSI offer such a rare album that combines ecstatic technical virtuosity with a love of creating atmospheric soundscapes, sparkling melodies, and captivating passages.
'Sunyata', can still be pre-ordered in various formats from the Season of Mist shop.
Join VIPASSI on their official Facebook page!
View Vipassi
VIPASSI – Sunyata – January 19, 2017
VIPASSI have premiered their complete forthcoming full-length 'Sunyata'. The debut of the Australian instrumental collective featuring members of NE OBLIVISCARIS will be out in stores on January 20th.
VIPASSI – Sunyata – November 29, 2016
VIPASSI have unveiled the second song taken from their forthcoming album 'Sunyata'. The debut of the Australian instrumental collective featuring members of NE OBLIVISCARIS will be out in stores on January 20th.
VIPASSI have released a play-through video of their drummer Dan Presland, who also makes his sticks dance wildly for Australian label mates NE OBLIVISCARIS and is endorsed by Pearl.
VIPASSI – Sunyata – October 31, 2016
VIPASSI have unveiled the first track taken from their forthcoming album 'Sunyata'. The debut of the Australian instrumental collective featuring members of NE OBLIVISCARIS will be out in stores on January 20th.
VIPASSI – New Signing – September 7, 2016
Season of Mist are proud to announce the signing of VIPASSI. This new band is the brainchild of guitarist Ben Boyle and members of dark progressive shooting stars NE OBLIVISCARIS. The Australian instrumental prog collaborators will release their next full-length on the label.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The PMMC stands for permanent magnet moving coil and it is also called as D'Arsonval instruments. The PMMC works on the electromagnetic effect. A permanent magnet is used to produce magnetic flux and a coil that carries the current to be measured moves in this field. As the pointer is connected to the coil it gets deflected in proportion with the current.


text:
TRAI invites suggestions on encouraging R&D in telecom, broadcasting sectors
Sector regulator TRAI on Wednesday invited suggestions from industry, academia and public on encouraging Research and Development in telecom and broadcasting sectors. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has sought stakeholder inputs by March 15, on the issue, according to a statement.
TRAI conducted an online brainstorming session on 'encouraging research and development in telecom and broadcasting sector' on Wednesday with academia, industry and institutions, it said. TRAI Chairman P D Vaghela, who chaired the session, highlighted the importance of indigenous R&D in telecom and broadcasting sectors, which will boost domestic manufacturing, and offset equipment imports in these sectors.
The TRAI chief said that telcom and broadcasting sectors have a great potential and will play an important role in making India a USD 5 trillion economy. Suggestions received during the deliberation included incentivising R&D efforts in India, need for structured approach to create conducive environment for R&D focus, and adoption of indigenous technologies by the industry among others.
To achieve these objectives, a high-level committee comprising senior officials from academia, industry and research institutions, will be set up under the aegis of TRAI. "…TRAI invites valuable suggestions from various stakeholders…academia, telecom, and broadcasting industry, related research organisations, students, startups and general public for encouraging R&D in telecom and broadcasting sectors in India," TRAI said. Cnbctv18
Centre establishes grievance mechanism with I&B Ministry oversight for OTT, Digital Media platforms
IAMAI seeks public consultation on govt's draft OTT streaming guidelines


text:
Q: 3D rotatable cube with clickable areas on sides What I want to accomplish is an iPad Application with a 3D rotatable cube, and on each side of the cube I want to define multiple areas where once clicked would take to another view or display a popup.

*

*Can this be achieved with some effort using OpenGL ES in Xcode from scratch, or should I use a 3D framework, if so what would be the easiest framework? (I have only heard of Unity and its pretty expensive)

*Does anyone have a good tutorial for me to learn how to do this?
I already tried 3D CSS3 Transformation but I want to keep that as the last resort.

A: Try This code
CATransition *transition = [CATransition animation];
transition.delegate = self;
transition.duration = 0.8;
transition.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction     functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
NSString *types[4] = {@"cube", @"rippleEffect", @"cube", @"alignedCube"};
NSString *subtypes[4] = {kCATransitionFromTop, kCATransitionFromLeft, kCATransitionFromRight, kCATransitionFromBottom};
transition.type = types[0];
transition.subtype = subtypes[1];
[self.view.layer addAnimation:transition forKey:nil];

A: If all you want is a literal 3D cube, you can use Core Animation for this. Check out CATransformLayer. You can compose true 3D hierarchies pretty easily using CATransformLayer. Joe Ricioppo has a cool article about this, along with some sample code and a video. It's similar to 3D CSS3 transforms, except it's a lot easier to manipulate a single layer that represents a 3D hierarchy instead of individually transforming each sublayer. Just rotate all your cube faces initially and position them so they form a cube. Then you can apply transforms to the transform layer itself, and it will do all the fancy math to transform your sublayers automatically.
The big problem with this is how touch handling will work. You cannot use -hitTest: on CATransformLayer as it is unable to map 2D touches to its own 3D hierarchy. You might be able to rig your own hitTest: implementation to figure this out, but it almost feels like more work than its worth. I'm unaware of what provisions OpenGL offers for 2D-to-3D touch translation, but this may be your only option.

A: Maybe not exactly what you are looking for but we've produced some code that functionally might help you:
http://www.chupamobile.com/products/details/2106/Cube+Selector/
It's fully featured and ready to use out of the box

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


So you have this bloody old Drupal 6 website and have to upgrade it to Drupal 8?
Good news! It's possible to transfer most of your data!
In theory they are right!
If the database is bigger than 100 MB it seems to be better to use drush.
some problems in settings.php (no MySQL connection). Don't related to the upgrade (it was deep in the night).
Files were now imported, body field values too, but mysterious messages were shown in drush output. Still no values were shown in a node (just the title).
But hey … most of the data is imported!
wie ist dein Workflow für 6 -> 8.1, da sich in 8.1 ja einiges ab Upgradeprozess geändert hat.
Habe noch keinen. Bisher gab es keine Nachfrage und meine alten Drupal 6 Seites sind alle auf 8.x.


Overview of Cobra Fi2000 Powrpro Tuner (Auto Tune) AT New patented technology tunes to exactly what airfuel mixture is needed to create maximum power 80 times per second (does not tune to a predetermined arbitrary AFR). Instruction Manual Read all instructions carefully and completely before installing your new POWRPRO module.
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Posted July 9, 2020 by Jonathan Fjeld	News
Cindric and Gragson dominate as drivers squabble in Shady Rays 200 at Kentucky
SPARTA, KENTUCKY – JULY 09: Noah Gragson, driver of the #9 Switch Chevrolet, leads Austin Cindric, driver of the #22 Snap-On Ford, during the NASCAR Xfinity Series Shady Rays 200 at Kentucky Speedway on July 09, 2020 in Sparta, Kentucky. (Photo by Rob Carr/Getty Images)
Noah Gragson and Austin Cindric combined to lead 128 of 136 laps in Thursday night's Shady Rays 200 at Kentucky Speedway, but it was Cindric who emerged victoriously.
Cindric won after leading 41 laps, finishing third in the first stage and finishing second in the second stage. However, he did not lead until the final stage and had to avoid mayhem at the very start.
(Photo by Jared C. Tilton/Getty Images)
Prior to the start of the race, drivers complained about the track being dirty. In the first turn of the first lap, No. 8 Jeb Burton spun and was hit by No. 19 Brandon Jones.
Jones' crew was unable to get the car repaired but Burton's crew was. Burton was able to run 45 laps before falling out of the race, finishing 34th.
The race ran clean for the rest of the first stage with the only other caution being a competition caution on lap 17.
Noah Gragson won the first stage and was followed by Harrison Burton, Austin Cindric, Ross Chastain, Anthony Alfredo, Michael Annett, Justin Haley, Justin Allgaier, Ryan Sieg and Brett Moffitt, who rounded out the top 10.
Gragson also won the second stage, which ran caution-free. He was followed by Cindric, Briscoe, Chastain, Riley Herbst, Allgaier, Annett, Sieg, Brandon Brown and Alfredo, who rounded out the top 10.
Heading into the race's final stage, Gragson appeared to be untouchable; that is until a lap 90 caution, involving No. 11 Justin Haley and No. 68 Brandon Brown in turn three, shook things up for him.
Under caution, Haley took two tires while Gragson took four, causing Haley to take the lead from Gragson. On the lap 95 restart, Haley was joined on the front row by No. 51 Jeremy Clements who had also taken two tires. Haley briefly took the lead but he was passed by Cindric, who had gotten by Clements and Gragson.
Cindric took control of the race but had to survive a slew of cautions in the final 31 laps of the race.
On lap 104, No. 10 Ross Chastain slid into No. 02 Brett Moffitt causing them to slide and Moffitt to hit the wall, bringing out the caution and causing tempers to flare.
On lap 121, No. 15 Colby Howard spun and hit the wall in turns one and two after racing closely with No. 21 Anthony Alfredo for several laps. Howard made a gesture to Alfredo before entering the ambulance to the infield care center.
On lap 131, No. 20 Harrison Burton spun in turn three after contact with No. 1 Michael Annett, causing an overtime restart.
SPARTA, KENTUCKY – JULY 09: Austin Cindric, driver of the #22 Snap-On Ford, leads Chase Briscoe, driver of the #98 Ford Performance Racing School Ford. (Photo by Jared C. Tilton/Getty Images)
On the overtime restart, No. 98 Chase Briscoe restarted to the inside of Cindric and challenged in turn one, but fell back after getting loose on the exit of turn two.
After this, Cindric was virtually untouchable, with a final-lap backstretch wreck, involving Ronnie Bassett Jr., Justin Allgaier and Timmy Hill, sealing the win for Cindric.
Bassett and Hill were treated and released at the infield care center while Allgaier was transported to a local hospital for further evaluation. No word has been said yet on Allgaier's condition.
Cindric's win was his third career Xfinity Series win but his first on an oval. It was also his first win of the season and virtually locks him into the Xfinity Series playoffs.
Briscoe finished fourth after challenging Cindric for the win in turns 1 and 2 on the final restart.
Kyle Weatherman finished eighth in his no. 47 Mike Harmon Racing Chevrolet Camaro, which is his best career Xfinity Series finish.
The top ten finishers were as follows: Austin Cindric, Riley Herbst, Ross Chastain, Chase Briscoe, Michael Annett, Anthony Alfredo, Justin Haley, Kyle Weatherman, Ryan Sieg and Brett Moffitt.
Noah Gragson, who led the most laps of any driver Thursday night (87), finished 11th.
Briscoe leads the Xfinity Series points by 16 over Gragson, as the series races at Kentucky Speedway again tomorrow night for the Alsco 300 (8 p.m. ET; TV: FS1).
The top 15 finishers will be inverted to form the lineup for Friday's Alsco 300. This means that No. 93 Myatt Snider will start on the pole with No. 4 Jesse Little in second.
News, XFINITY
2020, Austin Cindric, featured, Getty Images, Jared C. Tilton, Jonathan Fjeld, Kentucky Speedway, NASCAR, NASCAR Xfinity Series, Noah Gragson, Rob Carr, Shady Rays 200
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The Racing Experts Cindric and Gragson dominate as drivers squabble in Shady Rays 200 at Kentucky


In your early twenties it is hard to imagine that day when you can stop working for good. However, pensions have been big news recently and regardless of your age you should think about what kind of financial situation you want to be in come retirement.
Setting up a pension will require some research as there are many different types of pension options. You should look at whether your company has a pension and also investigate pension schemes offered by outside agencies. In addition, don't be afraid to go to a financial advisor for advice on which pension options would best suit you. Finally, think about investments if you are young. Buying property to let can be just as effective over a long period as paying additional pension contributions.
As you grow older, you will inevitably reach an age where your health will prevent you from working. When you are no longer able to work you will need an income and this is where pensions come into play. They can provide you with income security during retirement and allow you to continue living a comfortable life. Having an adequate pension pot will be essential. Pensions also benefit the economy in that they allow people to continue contributing by purchasing products.
Many employers now offer a workplace pension that is open to all employees (sometimes after a specific period of working there). There are a number of different types of pension that they might offer, so you might want to research which one will provide you with the best deal. Possible pension schemes include: defined benefit schemes which can be calculated on your final salary or an average of what you have earned over your entire career. Alternatively, they could offer defined contribution schemes, such as money purchase schemes, group personal pension plans and group stakeholder pension schemes.
There is also the option of private pensions which can be purchased from insurance companies, investment organisations and banks. Policy holders contribute money, it is invested by these companies and a fund is built up. When you reach an agreed age, you are able withdraw a certain percentage of the fund and invest the rest. The outcome of these pensions schemes depend on the amount invested, how well investments perform etc.
You should start thinking about how much money you are going to need (remember you may have paid off borrowings by this time). There are a number of questions you will need to ask yourself in order to give yourself a rough idea of how much money will need to save. For example, when are you hoping to retire? How much have you already saved? How much do you want to have during retirement? What benefits are you going to receive through social security? There are some useful pension calculators available on the internet which can help you calculate this. When you have decided on plan you will need to stick to it!
Retirement ages obviously depend on where you live, but it is true that in most countries the retirement ages are going up, up, up! Due to the fact that most people will be working way past previous retirement ages, it is important that you have your pension plans in place.
Facing old age without any savings is a grim prospect. The likelihood is that you will have to work longer, or if ill health prevents it, have to endure a worse quality of life. Without a pension you could face poverty in old age, so having a plan is vital.
Hannah Wilkie has experience in the field of retirement planning and likes to get her clients to start saving early. If putting money into a pension plan is too inflexible at this point in time then she recommends you search around for the best ISA rates so you get the best returns on your money but you are also less tempted to spend it than if it was in a regular savings account.


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/ Publications
/ Discussion Papers
DP17152 The Long-Run Effects of Immigration: Evidence Across a Barrier to Refugee Settlement
Antonio Ciccone Jan Sebastian Nimczik
After the end of World War II in 1945, millions of refugees arrived in what in 1949 became the Federal Republic of Germany. We examine their effect on today's productivity, wages, income, rents, education, and population density at the municipality level. Our identification strategy is based on a spatial discontinuity in refugee settlement at the border between the French and US occupation zones in the South-West of post-war Germany. These occupation zones were established in 1945 and dissolved in 1949. The spatial discontinuity arose because the US zone admitted refugees during the 1945-1949 occupation period whereas the French zone restricted access. By 1950, refugee settlement had raised population density on the former US side of the 1945-1949 border significantly above density on the former French side. Before the war, there never had been significant differences in population density. The higher density on the former US side persists entirely in 2020 and coincides with higher rents as well as higher productivity, wages, and education levels. We examine whether today's economic differences across the former border are the result of the difference in refugee admission; the legacy of other policy differences between the 1945-1949 occupation zones; or the consequence of socio-economic differences predating WWII. Taken together, our results indicate that today's economic differences are the result of agglomeration effects triggered by the arrival of refugees in the former US zone. We estimate that exposure to the arrival of refugees raised income per capita by around 13% and hourly wages by around 10%.
Ciccone, A and J Nimczik (eds) (2022), "DP17152 The Long-Run Effects of Immigration: Evidence Across a Barrier to Refugee Settlement", CEPR Press Discussion Paper No. 17152. https://new.cepr.org/publications/dp17152
Long-run effects
International Trade and Regional Economics
DP17803 Learning by Necessity: Government Demand, Capacity Constraints, and Productivity Growth
Ethan Ilzetzki
Monetary Economics and Fluctuations
Labour market access for Ukrainian refugees
Hillel Rapoport
Language training and placement in strong labour markets promote refugees' long-run economic integration
Linea Hasager
Mette Foged


The objective of this study was to explore the role of videophone technology in enhancing the distant caregiving experience of and communication between residents of a long-term care facility and their family members. Ten participants – 4 residents of an independent retirement facility and 6 family members – were recruited. A videophone was installed in each resident's apartment, and another was mailed to the remote family member. Participants were asked to conduct a video-call at least once per week for 3 months. Exit interviews assessed general impressions of videophone communication, the relationship between residents and family members, stress, burden, and isolation. Participants were enthusiastic and emphasized a sense of closeness, the inclusion of the resident in family interactions, and reduced feelings of guilt and isolation as key benefits. New models of care are needed to challenge the existing paradigm, which often excludes distant caregivers from the care process. Technology can facilitate this process by bridging geographic distance.
Demiris, G., Parker-Oliver, D., Hensel, B.K., Dickey, G., Rantz, M., & Skubic, M. (2008). Use of videophones for distant caregiving: An enriching experience for families and residents in long-term care. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 34(7), 50-55.