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Ms. Shon's Spectacular Science
Unit 0: Scientific Inquiry
Unit 1: Earth as a System
Unit 2: Rocks and Minerals
Unit 3: Chemistry
Unit 4: Human Body Systems
Ms. Shon's "Home" Videos
MS 88 in the Media
Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey (2014) >
Episode 3: When Knowledge Conquered Fear
Announcements & Homework
Tests and Quizzes
Earth's Interior Structure
The Earth is made up of four layers:
Crust: Solid, outer layer of the Earth (5-40 km)
Mantle: Molten rock beneath the crust (~2900 km)
Outer Core: Molten iron layer beneath the mantle (~2250 km)
Inner Core: Solid iron layer beneath the outer core (~1200 km)
The lithosphere is made up of the crust and the upper most part of the mantle. Beneath the lithosphere is the melted part of the mantle is called the asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is not quite liquid or solid. The asthenosphere is thick and gooey, much like lava. In fact, lava is the molten rock that erupts from volcanoes, but is called magma when beneath the surface (crust) of the Earth. Scientists often refer to this thick and gooey texture as plastic, which describes things that are easily shaped or molded. In case you didn't know, molten = melted (think: molten chocolate cake).
As you travel toward the center of the Earth from the crust down to the inner core, there are a few trends to note:
the density of the materials increases
the pressure increases
the temperature increases
Why do you think the density (how tightly packed the particles of a substance), pressure, and temperature all increase as you go deeper into the Earth? On the right is a picture that may help you make an inference before we learn more about the properties of matter in the upcoming weeks. Who do you think is feeling the most pressure? Who do you think is feeling the least pressure? Who do you think is feeling the warmest? Who is the most squashed?!
The Different Physical Properties of Earth's Layers
The video below further divides the Earth's four layers (crust, mantle, outer core, inner core) according to their physical properties. If you have ever wondered if it is possible for someone to dig to the center of the Earth, you'll find the answer below, too!
Model of Earth's Interior
Every year, Ms. Shon's students build scale models of Earth's interior. Keep in mind that In order to do this, students must understand both the interior structure of Earth, and how to convert units. Are you ready to design and build a scale model of Earth's interior? (interior = inside) I hope so!
Complete the assignment on Google Classroom.
Converting Units
Earth's History
Geologic Time Scale
Lithosphere/Geosphere
Meteorites/Meteors/Asteroids
Models In Science
Scale Factor/unit Rate

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


• Nominees should be be at least high school age but under 18. An alternative award ceremony will be available for junior sports achievers later in the year.
• Nominees may enter if they were shortlisted for the 2017 awards, the nomination must be for a new initiative or significant improvement on last year's entry.


Fay Keys came to Wayne State University from the George Warren Brown School of Social Work at Washington University in St. Louis, where she completed her post-doctoral studies funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse. In addition to her online teaching duties, Keys serves as the Coordinator of Education Technology. She works with faculty, staff, and students to develop sophisticated learning environments that incorporate the use of advanced technologies. She is responsible for designing, developing, implementing, and evaluating new technologies for teaching and learning in the School of Social Work. She finds ways to use technology to enhance student learning and monitor the introduction of new technology into a school's curriculum.
Keys mentors new online faculty and trains experienced ones in the latest online instructional methods. Her current research is concerned with the learning impact of various approaches to online learning and teaching. Additionally, her research centers on behavioral addictions (i.e., casino gambling), risk taking, and antisocial behaviors of urban elders.
Role: Principle Investigator. This study investigates gambling attitudes and motivations reported by urban older adults. While there is a steady increase in the number of legalized gambling venues, few longitudinal studies have investigated gambling attitudes and motivations among urban elders. This investigation follows up on a longitudinal, population-based survey of 1,410 older urban adults by Zaranek and Chapleski published in 2002. The follow-up was stratified based on gambling frequency. The final sample of 247 residents age 60 or older in Detroit self-reported at time 1 (the 2002 study) that they never, rarely (few times a year), or frequently (monthly or more) went to a casino to gamble. The current study (2008) expanded the baseline interview by asking more in-depth questions about older adults attitudes and motivations toward casino gambling. Due to 64% sample attrition of at risk gamble from the original study to the current study, the current sample was overwhelmingly a non-problem gambling sample. Reported attitudes toward gambling were generally positive, but some disturbing attitudes and behaviors also emerged. This study is funded by Michigan Urban African American Aging Center.
Role: Co-principle Investigator. Guided by symbolic interaction theory, the main purpose of this research study was to begin to explore or understand the perceived gerontological academic needs of undergraduate and graduate students. The study hypothesized greater need for gerontological content. The sample consisted of 42 urban university students who participated in an asynchronous (non-real time) online discussion group. The discussion consisted of (1) interest in gerontological social work among students; (2) barriers gerontological social work; (3) current aging content; (4) challenges and gaps gerontological social work; (5) efficacy of aging as special topic; (6) recommendations for getting students interested in social work practices for the master level social work education. This study is funded by the Council of Social Work Education.


Send a delicious gourmet hamper of foods and wine to friends, family or colleagues. Here at Eden4hampers.co.uk the Hamper Team design and pack every hamper to order. Every year we are making and delivering thousands of glorious food gifts for UK wide delivery. Every gourmet hamper is available to order with Free Standard UK Delivery included, with a range of chargeable delivery options also available for specific dates and time. Order a packed to order gourmet hamper with us today online for our guaranteed lowest price with gift card and message included.


Once again, we got all fired up for a good snow only to be let down! Around 11:30 last night a "nose of warm air," as the meteorologists called it, poked its way into the lower central valley. Unfortunately, it was just warm enough to make the snow turn to sleet and even a brief bit of rain. :( So, instead of waking up to a winter wonderland of 8" or so of beautiful, fluffy snow, we awoke to 2" of slush! Yuck! It just seems like cold air and wet conditions just aren't meant to meet here! What made matters worse, just a few miles up the valley the areas got 8 - 10" of snow. Grrr! Today we had a wintry mix of snow, sleet and rain. The old adage about if you don't like the weather, just wait 5 minutes and it will change, was certainly true today! I guess we have to be happy with any white stuff we can get here. Maybe we'll get some more later this winter, one can only hope.
The squirrels have been enjoying not only the bird seed, but also the suet. Despite the fact they are rodents, they are not strict vegetarians! I get a bit aggravated at them, but how can you get mad at a face like that peering at you?! :) I wasn't quite so patien t with the flock of nasty starlings that swooped in, I knocked on the window to scare them away. They are such obnoxious birds! The cardinals were so pretty against the snow. This female enjoyed eating the sunflower seeds.


Identifying a high-functioning alcoholic isn't easy. He or she may have quality relationships, a great career, and a stable financial situation – all while drinking excessively. It may also be harder to convince these people to seek treatment due to strong denial about their problems.
The definition of a functioning alcoholic.
Signs and symptoms of a functioning alcoholic.
How to approach a functioning alcoholic.
Treatment options for alcohol abuse.
How to find an alcohol recovery program.
Who Answers? to learn more about alcohol recovery programs.
A functioning alcoholic, as opposed to a chronic or severe alcoholic, is able to maintain control over his or her life despite problem drinking.
Functional alcoholics are able to keep a job and even advance in their careers. They are rarely late to work or absent, don't typically experience financial hardships or legal consequences from drinking, and can preserve relationships with family and friends.
Functioning alcoholics may not meet the typical criteria for alcohol addiction, so it can be hard to tell whether anything is wrong.
Unable to accept that they have a problem because they don't fit the stereotypical image of an alcoholic (friends and family also often deny there is a problem).
Convinced that they aren't an alcoholic if they drink expensive alcohol.
Often use alcohol as a reward for working hard.
Believe that if they are successful in life then they can't be an alcoholic.
Believed to have everything under control.
Skilled at hiding alcohol consumption.
Create a refined appearance for themselves that differs from the stereotypical alcoholic.
Excel at compartmentalizing different areas of life (work life vs. drinking).
Won't leave any drink half-consumed.
Have cravings to drink alcohol.
Unable to drink in moderation.
Constantly convincing themselves and others that they aren't drinking excessively.
Experience memory lapses from drinking.
Feel remorse for things they did while drinking.
Work or school attendance is not affected by drinking.
Drinking does not affect employment or educational pursuits.
Excellent academic or occupational performance.
May be respected in their fields of work.
Functional Addiction: Are You Living a Double Life?
As CEO of a medium-sized company, Joe enjoys his work and finds it fulfilling. He maintains balance by going to the gym each morning, participating in a humanitarian service organization, and setting aside time to spend with his family and friends.
But Joe has a secret.
According to research, almost 90% of people who are addicted to drugs or alcohol live with family or a significant other. 9 Living with a functioning alcoholic may cause you to feel depressed or anxious as a result of his or her problem drinking. Constantly lying and covering up for your husband or wife can be wearing on your relationship and may even cause you to neglect your own needs.
While you may be angry or upset with your loved one, avoid confrontation at all costs. It may decrease his or her receptiveness to get help and cause your loved one to become defensive. Instead, try approaching your loved one with compassion.
Use a nonjudgmental tone that communicates empathy and genuine concern without blaming your loved one for his or her alcoholism.
Tackle the problem together and show your support by offering to attend therapy with the person.
Try to catch the person when he or she is trying to quit drinking because this suggests that he or she has acknowledged the problem and may be willing to make a change.
Stop making excuses for the person. This will help your loved one to see the consequences of his or her drinking.
Avoid talking down to him or her. The person probably already feels shame or guilt from drinking.
Do not approach a functioning alcoholic while he or she is drunk. Chances are, the person will not be coherent and may not remember the conversation.
Avoid raising your voice or acting angry or aggressive when talking to your loved one.
Remember to always empower and encourage your loved one. Instilling belief will improve confidence and motivation to get help.
It can be very difficult to convince a high-functioning alcoholic that there is a problem.
Your loved one may argue that he or she only drinks in certain situations or only drinks certain types of alcohol. The person may point out exceptional occupational or academic successes that prove he or she does not have an addiction. He or she may compare themselves to chronic alcoholics whose lives have spiraled out of control.
You may end up questioning whether the person is actually an alcoholic. However, if your loved one exhibits several of the signs and symptoms listed above, he or she probably needs help.
Alcohol was abused more often than any other substance among recovery treatment attendees, as reported by a 2017 survey from Recovery Brands. The survey reports that nearly 70% of people in recovery engaged in treatment for help with a drinking problem, and a surprising 52.87% of those that responded received the most treatment for alcohol abuse.
Who Answers? to speak with a trained support representative.
A high-functioning alcoholic may require an intervention to accept that he or she has a problem. These can be conducted by a mental health or addictions professional who is experienced in intervention services and education.
A history of suicidal behaviors.
A known or suspected mental illness.
A history of violent or aggressive behaviors.
Co-morbid substance abuse and mental illness.
Need Help Locating a Treatment Program?
Who Answers? anytime to speak with a treatment support advisor about alcohol recovery programs.
If you or someone you know is suffering from alcoholism, there are many different recovery options available. There is no one-size-fits-all approach to treating alcoholism, and the effectiveness of recovery services is largely dependent on the individual's needs, addiction severity, and motivation to get sober.
Inpatient treatment: These programs are effective for those with a severe addiction to alcohol. They require that you live at the facility for the duration of treatment, which allows you to escape your everyday drinking environment. Most programs include detox, medical supervision, group and individual therapy, recreational activities, and aftercare planning (see the next section for more information on what happens in rehab).
Outpatient treatment: Outpatient programs allow the high-functioning alcoholic to meet his or her home, school, or work responsibilities while receiving addiction treatment. Outpatient is not typically recommended for those suffering from severe and chronic alcoholism as it lacks the structure of residential programs.
Dual diagnosis: Alcohol abuse often co-occurs with mental health conditions, such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, antisocial personality disorder, depression, and anxiety. 8 Someone who suffers from alcoholism and a mental health disorder is said to have a dual diagnosis, and some treatment centers are more experienced in treating dual diagnoses than others.
Individual therapy: You meet one-on-one with a therapist to uncover underlying issues that influence your alcoholism. You also work on developing and building upon coping strategies to use when you are craving alcohol or in a trigger situation.
Group counseling: A certified mental health professional leads a group session focused on interpersonal interaction and the sharing of personal experiences.
No one form of treatment is "better" than any other. Talk to a mental health professional or addictions counselor about which option is best for your particular situation.
Intake evaluation: A staff member assesses the drinker and identifies any co-occurring mental health disorders. The treatment team then creates a comprehensive and individualized treatment plan.
Therapy and counseling: The person works individually and in groups on correcting unhealthy behaviors and developing healthy coping skills.
Medical maintenance: Depending on the recovery center, the person may be prescribed medications that can aid in relapse prevention and promote abstinent behaviors (see next section).
Holistic approaches: Some treatment facilities may offer alternative or complementary approaches to recovery, such as meditation, yoga, art and music therapy, and acupuncture.
Aftercare planning: Treatment doesn't end at the completion of your recovery program. An experienced treatment team will create an aftercare plan for you to attend ongoing recovery services to decrease the risk of relapse and to build upon skills you learned in rehab.
Acamprosate:Acamprosate aids in long-term relapse prevention by reducing cravings. It restores chemical imbalances in the brain caused by alcohol abuse.
Disulfiram: If an individual takes disulfiram then drinks, he or she will experience unpleasant effects, such as heart palpitations, nausea, and flushing of the face. It is most effective in patients who are highly motivated and will comply with the medication schedule.
Naltrexone:Naltrexone blocks receptors in the brain that are associated with the reinforcing effects of alcohol, as well as cravings for the substance.
Vivitrol: This medication is an extended-release version of naltrexone. It can be given once a month via an injection and can help to improve treatment compliance.
Topiramate: Topiramate is not FDA-approved for the treatment of alcoholism. But it has been shown to improve problem drinking behaviors.
Long-term, heavy drinking can cause stroke, heart problems, and cancer.
Someone may be able to drink heavily and function – for a while. Eventually, however, prolonged and excessive drinking will catch up with them.
Long-term abuse of alcohol leads to a number of harmful effects on the brain, body, and relationships. Getting treatment helps to reduce the risk of serious complications, some of which can be fatal.
Cerebellar dysfunction (problems with motor skills and coordination).
Legal problems (arrests for driving under the influence, loss of license, violence).
Interpersonal or social consequences (divorce, estrangement, loss of friends, loss of custody of children).
Occupational issues (job loss, extended unemployment, excessive absences).
If you are concerned about a loved one's drinking behaviors, help is available. Call us at 1-888-319-2606 Who Answers? to speak to a treatment support specialist about recovery options.
. Benton, S. A. (2009). Understanding the high-functioning alcoholic: Professional views and personal insights. Westport, Conn: Praeger.
. Nasqvi, N.H., Morgenstern J. (2015). Cognitive neuroscience approaches to understanding behavior change in alcohol use disorder treatments. Alcohol Research 37:29-38.
. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2015). Beyond Hangovers.
. Alcoholics Anonymous. (2016). Home page.
. Myrick, H., and Anton, R. F. (1998). Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal. Alcohol, Health, and Research World 22(1), 38-43.
. National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence. (2015). Intervention – Tips and Guidelines.


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Blueprint Column: Top 2014 Predictions from Equinix
Monday, January 13, 2014 #cloud, #SDN, Blueprint, Equinix, Predictions
by Brian Lillie, CIO, Equinix
It's that time of the year when experts gaze into their crystal balls, offering up predictions on what the next year has in store. As the experts in data center and colocation services, the Equinix team has come up with a list of our own trends that we think will be top of mind for technology decision makers next year. Here are a few:
Continued Convergence of Business and Personal Use of Technology, especially Mobile and Cloud: Employees have been using their personal devices at work for quite some time, much to the dismay of the IT department (more on that later). And now that the floodgates of Do-It-Yourself IT (DIY-IT) have opened, more employees than ever are adapting the services they use in their personal lives (i.e. Gmail, Dropbox, etc) as business and collaboration tools. The concept of "Bring Your Own Device" has evolved to include "Bring Your Own Apps" and "Bring Your Own Cloud," which is creating new IT challenges for the enterprise beyond simply managing devices. For 2014, we see the cloud playing an even more pronounced role in propelling this trend, as DIY-IT makes it a technological imperative for companies of any size to secure their cloud's data and processes, in addition to all the components that connect into it. And it's just the beginning.
Public and Private Cloud Service Providers will Drive IT Market Demand, and Enterprise CIOs will demand Hybrid Cloud: We expect 2014 to be a year of explosive growth in cloud service consumption with all the major cloud providers becoming more aggressive in deploying their services. Over the coming year, we also expect to see many enterprise CIOs moving beyond simply deploying selected applications in the cloud and start to really move cloud services mainstream for their production environments. We also see the private-or-public cloud debate of yesteryear shifting to the private-AND-public cloud debate where enterprises are benefiting from the security and reliability of the private cloud while harnessing the scalability and flexibility power of the public cloud. In fact, Gartner recently advised enterprises to design private cloud services with a hybrid future in mind and make sure future integration and interoperability are possible. We couldn't agree more.
Networks will be Reimagined to Optimize Access to Public Clouds: It is an exciting time in the network…high density Ethernet switches, software-defined networking, application-level QOS…and this means network engineers and leaders have choices they have not had to reimagine their global networks to optimize access to the cloud services their users and businesses demand. In addition, the growing traffic, an increasingly dispersed end user base, and the proliferation of mobile devices have all created a perfect storm of latency and performance issues that are simply overwhelming old deployment models. As a result, expect to see more IT strategies that encompass an organization's data management, network optimization and application performance. For instance, we see an increasing number of our customers deploying their common, off-the-shelf enterprise network equipment from their corporate location to shared data centers where network service providers come to peer. This allows for a highly available and agile service that gets the IT department out ahead of the demand storm.
Big Data Here to Stay: We believe that Big Data is in it for the long haul. Storing, processing and analyzing data is becoming less and less expensive. Numerous companies are in the big data application development game and will continue to produce applications that harness data in new ways. In fact, IDC predicts that companies will spend more than $14 billion on Big Data technologies or services which translates to 30 percent growth year-over-year. As a result, expect low latency, close proximity and immediate access to this data to be top priorities for many CIOs.
Overseas Market Heats Up: We continue to see a surge in demand for data center and interconnection services in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) with current estimates placing the public cloud market at $22 billion and the virtual private cloud market at $10 billion by 2020. South America, and in particular Brazil, is expected to be a hot market as companies prepare for the 2014 FIFA World Cup and 2016 Olympic Games that will be held there. Equinix recently opened a second data center in the region as we anticipate many multinational companies gearing up for those events by expanding their IT infrastructure in Rio de Janeiro. And as Brazil continues its rise as an international commercial center, we expect companies will decide it's in their best interest to stay.
Brian Lillie joined Equinix in September 2008 and has been focused on building business value through strategic and innovative product development and information technology initiatives. Examples include the design and build of global product portals such as the Equinix Customer Portal, Equinix Marketplace Portal, Equinix Ethernet Exchange Portal, and the Equinix Internet Exchange Portal. In addition to product initiatives, Mr. Lillie has driven several global initiatives to improve internal efficiencies and global scale, including sales force automation, enterprise resource planning, business analytics and acquisition integration. Mr. Lillie also leads the Global Solution Architects function, which is the leading global, strategic, technical resource within Equinix focused on solutions design that brings the network, application and data center together for current and prospective Equinix clients.
Mr. Lillie holds an M.S. in Management from Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, an M.S. in Telecommunications Management from Golden Gate University, and a B.S. in Mathematics from Montana State University.
Equinix, Inc. (Nasdaq: EQIX), connects more than 4,400 companies directly to their customers and partners inside the world's most networked data centers. Today, businesses leverage the Equinix interconnection platform in 31 strategic markets across the Americas, EMEA and Asia-Pacific. www.equinix.com.
Charter Bids for Time Warner Cable - 4th + 3rd Largest Cable Operators
Monday, January 13, 2014 Cable, Mergers and Acquisitions
Charter Communications announced a public offer to acquire Time Warner Cable for about $132.50 per share, including $83 in cash and the remainder in Charter stock.
The deal would combine the fourth-largest cable operator in the United States (Charter) with the second largest cable operator (Time Warner Cable).
Time Warner Cable , which had 2012 revenue of $21.4 billion, serves 15 million customers in 29 states.
Charter, which had 2012 revenue of $7.504 billion, serves more than 5.7 million customers in 29 states
http://www.charter.com/
http://ir.timewarnercable.com/investor-relations/default.aspx
Google to Acquire Nest Labs for Connected Devices - $3.2 Billion
Monday, January 13, 2014 Google, Mergers and Acquisitions
Google will acquire Nest Labs, which offers connected home thermostats and smoke alarms, for $3.2 billion in cash.
Larry Page, CEO of Google, said: "Nest's founders, Tony Fadell and Matt Rogers, have built a tremendous team that we are excited to welcome into the Google family. They're already delivering amazing products you can buy right now--thermostats that save energy and smoke/CO alarms that can help keep your family safe. We are excited to bring great experiences to more homes in more countries and fulfill their dreams!"
Nest, which is based in Palo Alto, California, is backed by KPCB, Google Ventures, Lightspeed Venture Partners, Venrock and others.
https://nest.com/press/
Gigamon Adds NetFlow Generation to its Unified Visibility Fabric
Monday, January 13, 2014 Analytics, Gigamon, Testing
Gigamon is adding NetFlow generation capabilities to its Unified Visibility Fabric. The NetFlow Generation application will create NetFlow records, then send the information to one or multiple NetFlow collectors or analyzers.
NetFlow is a simple way to derive basic information about things like traffic types, usage patterns, top talkers and top applications across systems.
Gigamon said that NetFlow Generation can significantly improve the efficiency of the network itself by assuming the processing necessary to generate NetFlow information that had previously been dedicated within the switch, thereby reducing the burden to the network. The records from the NetFlow Generation application can be exported to multiple collectors concurrently, providing a single flow source for business-critical management applications such as security, billing, capacity planning, etc.
"The NetFlow Generation application is a new and very interesting offering for our customers," said Shehzad Merchant, Chief Strategy Officer at Gigamon. "This application is unique because it centralizes NetFlow Generation, offloads this compute intensive job from the network switches and routers, and does it effectively at high throughput rates for both sampled and unsampled traffic. By making NetFlow Generation an application integral to the Visibility Fabric, all the benefits of Flow Mapping®, filtering, replication, can be applied in conjunction with the NetFlow Generation capability, providing a very fine granularity of control. This is really an industry first for the monitoring space."
The NetFlow Generation application is a licensable software application starting at $4,995 and is targeted for availability in Q1 of 2014.
http://www.gigamon.com/visibility-fabric-architecture
In December 2013, Gigamon announced new applications and enhancements for its Unified Visibility Fabric architecture, including advanced filtering capabilities such as stateful correlation, subscriber awareness, and deep packet visibility.
Gigamon's Visibiilty Fabric Architecture, which features an Application layer and a Services layer, goes beyond interconnecting testing tools to network traffic by providing traffic intelligence across physical, virtual and future SDN infrastructure. At the Applications layer, Gigamon is updating its de-duplication capability and adding new FlowVUE and GTP correlation capabilities for mobile traffic. At the Services layer, Gigamon is enhancing its header stripping capability while adding new adaptive packet filtering. The architecture is designed to handle millions of traffic flows across thousands of endpoints.
The enhancements and new applications for the Unified Visibility Fabric include:
GTP correlation application -- provides the ability to filter and forward correlated subscriber traffic streams that are encapsulated using the GPRS Tunneling Protocol, or GTP, within 3G/4G/LTE environments. GTP correlation utilizes stateful subscriber filtering and forwarding to understand and maintain subscriber-specific sessions, thus helping to ensure Quality of Experience (QoE) as well as reliable accounting, billing and subscriber management.
FlowVUE application -- provides active, subscriber-aware flow sampling to intelligently forward only the most relevant traffic to the tools. FlowVUE intelligently manages Big Data traffic, enabling carriers to connect monitoring tools that otherwise would not be able to handle the volume of traffic.
Adaptive Packet Filtering -- providing the ability to look for content anywhere in the packet and make intelligent filtering and forwarding decisions. Filtering criteria includes advanced encapsulation protocols and/or inner packet contents beyond Layer 4. These updates enable basic application identification and protocol-aware filtering for packet filtering and distribution.
De-duplication Application enhancements -- including IPv6 de-duplication, as well as support for visibility in Cisco FabricPath environments and IP fragmentation awareness.
Brocade Hires Benson Schliesser from Juniper, Distinguished Engineer
Monday, January 13, 2014 #NFV, #SDN, Brocade, People, Silicon Valley
Brocade announced its appointment of Benson Schliesser to the position of Distinguished Engineer to play an integral role in the direction of Brocade Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) strategies. He will join the Office of the CTO and report to Ken Cheng, chief technology officer and vice president, corporate development and emerging business.
Most recently, Benson served as a distinguished engineer in the office of the CTO at Juniper and prior to that as a principal engineer in the service provider CTO office at Cisco. Earlier in his career, he spent more than a decade in the office of the CTO at Savvis and oversaw the network architecture of the company's many cloud based services.
In addition, Schliesser is currently a chair of the Network Virtualization Overlay (NVO3) Working Group for the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). He is also a member of ETSI ISG NFV, IEEE Communications Society, OpenDaylight Project and other organizations.
"The feverish pace of a software-focused networking industry is creating a gap between customers and some vendors as both parties try to keep pace with new architectures," said Schliesser. "In combining its pedigree of storage networking with the innovations in both Fabric and virtual routing technologies, Brocade has the most complete vision and mix of assets to successfully help customers build next-generation cloud and data center environments."
http://www.brocade.com
AWS CloudFront Adds Edge Locations in Taipei and Rio de Janeiro
Monday, January 13, 2014 #cloud, AWS, Brazil, CDN, Taiwan
Amazon Web Services announced two new edge locations for its CloudFront and Route 53 services - Taipei and Rio de Janeiro. This is AWS' first edge location in Taiwan and its second edge location in Brazil (joining São Paulo).
This brings the total number of AWS edge locations to 51 worldwide. Here's the breakdown:
http://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront/
Telefónica Signs 3G Wholesale Deal with Nextel In Brazil And Mexico
Monday, January 13, 2014 Brazil, Latin America, Mexico, Network Sharing, Telefonica
Telefónica will provide wholesale 3G access to NII Holdings' Nextel subsidiaries in Brazil and Mexico.
The network sharing deal will provide nationwide voice and data coverage services in Brazil and Mexico for Nextel customers.
"The agreement allows both companies to capture the benefits derived from the optimization of infrastructure investment while maintaining the current market structure in both Brazil and Mexico," said Santiago Fernandez Valbuena, Chairman and CEO of Telefonica Latin America. "It is another example of Telefonica's effort to optimize resource usage, improve profitability of the businesses and increase financial flexibility."
"Our new agreements with Telefonica will enhance our service offerings by giving us the ability to provide our 3G customers in Brazil and Mexico with services in more areas in those markets," said Steve Shindler, NII Holdings' Chief Executive Officer. "Our access to Telefonica's networks under these agreements will also allow us to utilize Telefonica's networks as we continue to expand our own coverage footprint to provide our customers with service that meets their needs."
Telefónica said the agreements reached with Nextel are in line with its other recent announcements, such as the agreement signed with Millicom to deploy 4G-LTE networks in Colombia, the MVNO deals with Virgin Mobile in Mexico, Chile and Colombia and the agreement with lusacell for reciprocal use of wholesale services in Mexico that started in 2012.
http://www.telefonica.es
http://www.nii.com/
Elliott Management Pushes for a "New Juniper"
Monday, January 13, 2014 Financials, Juniper
Elliott Management Corp., an investment fund that owns 6.2% of the common stock of Juniper Networks, is pushing for significant changes at Juniper Networks with the goal creating greater shareholder valued.
In an SEC Schedule 13D and presentation, Elliot called for a number of value-accretive steps, including cost realignment, capital return to shareholders, and the optimization of Juniper's product portfolio. Elliot believes its initiatives can collectively result in a stock price of $35-$40 per share, which is up to 70% above the current price.
Key points include:
Cost Realignment: $200M run-rate reduction in operating expenses from 2013 level.
Capital Return: $3.5B share repurchase program comprised of an immediate $2.5B stock repurchase, a $1.0B repurchase in 2015 and an ongoing commitment to return 50% of free cash flow (including a $0.125/share quarterly dividend)
Product Portfolio Optimization: Review of the security and switching businesses to streamline Juniper's product portfolio to focus on projects and areas where Juniper has clear competencies and the greatest risk-adjusted return on investment.
"Juniper's new CEO along with its existing management team and Board have a unique opportunity to immediately unlock significant value at the Company through three straightforward and much-requested courses of action," said Jesse Cohn, Portfolio Manager at Elliott. "Investors and Street analysts have been calling for Juniper to implement these value-creation initiatives for years, and we believe the three-pronged approach laid out in today's presentation would be very well received."
http://www.new-juniper.com
In November 2013, Juniper Networks named Shaygan Kheradpir as its CEO, effective January 1, 2014. Kheradpir succeeds Kevin Johnson, who in July announced his plan to retire as CEO. Johnson will remain as a member of the board.n July announced his plan to retire as CEO. Johnson will remain as a member of the board.
Kheradpir joins Juniper Networks from Barclays PLC, where he served as the chief operations and technology officer, and as a member of its executive committee. Prior to joining Barclays, he was executive vice president and chief information and technology officer at Verizon Communications. He holds a bachelor's, master's, and Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Cornell University.
Ceragon Cites Two Wireless Backhaul Projects in India & North America
Monday, January 13, 2014 Ceragon
Ceragon Networks announced large orders from two leading national operators in North America and India (unnamed) for its IP-20 radios. The orders cover several thousand units for use in wireless backhaul networks supporting LTE services.
For the India operator's network rollout, Ceragon will deliver the FibeAir IP-20C, an all outdoor multi-core solution delivering gigabit capacity over narrow channels; and FibeAir IP-20N, a multi-radio aggregation node. The deployment will be part of a 4G/LTE network which will be rolled out during 2014. Building on its long time presence and strong footprint in India, Ceragon continues to be the vendor of choice for the country's leading operators
In North America, Ceragon will deploy hundreds of radio links as part of the operator's network, which will carry LTE traffic from coast-to-coast. Based on Ceragon's FibeAir IP-20A, the network will support multi Gigabit data-rates to meet the bandwidth requirements of end users. The FibeAir IP-20A will be deployed in both all-indoor and split-mount configurations.
http://www.ceragon.com
BT Names New CEO of Openreach
Monday, January 13, 2014 BT, People, UK
BT name Joe Garner to be the new CEO of Openreach, replacing Liv Garfield, who is leaving to become CEO of Severn Trent.
Garner worked for many years at HSBC, Dixons and Procter & Gamble. His most recent role was at HSBC where, as head of the UK Bank.
BT cited Garner significant experience of working in a strictly regulated industry and of dealing with regulators, not least through his role as Chairman of the Financial Services Authority's Practitioner Panel. Openreach is one of the most heavily regulated businesses in the UK, providing all communications providers with equal access to BT's network and operating at arm's length from the rest of the BT Group.
http://www.btplc.com/News/Articles/ShowArticle.cfm?ArticleID=188F4660-4F01-48BB-8374-5DFAD168ED51
Sabey Data Center Picks MRV Optical Transport to Link Data Centers
Monday, January 13, 2014 Data Centers, MRV
Sabey Data Center Properties, one of the oldest and largest privately owned multi-tenant data center owner/developer/operators in the United States, has selected MRV's OptiDriver™ optical transport platform for its proprietary Intergate.Exchange (IGX) network to support interconnection bandwidth requirements at Intergate.Manhattan—its new mega data center in New York City.
MRV said its OptiDriver platform will deliver with up to 4 terabits of protected capacity as the foundation for connections between Intergate.Manhattan at 375 Pearl Street and the city's other large data centers at 60 Hudson Street, 111 Eighth Avenue and 32 Avenue of the Americas.
http://www.mrv.com
SFR Picks Alcatel-Lucent to Upgrade
Monday, January 13, 2014 Alcatel-Lucent, France, Optical, SFR
SFR has selected Alcatel-Lucent to transition its optical network to all-IP transport.
Alcatel-Lucent is deploying its 1830 Photonic Service Switch (PSS) converged WDM/OTN/Packet based-platform together wit its 5620 Service Aware Manager (SAM) for seamless management for both the IP and Optical portfolio. Alcatel-Lucent will also deliver design, professional services, installation and commissioning services. Financial terms were not disclosed.
SFR already uses Alcatel-Lucent's 7360 Intelligent Services Access Manager (ISAM) and 7750 Service Routers (SR) for residential and business services.
"Alcatel-Lucent and SFR have a working relationship that extends back over decades. We understand their existing network and the issues they are facing because we supplied their original SDH optical network. We are in a unique position to provide for SFR an efficient and seamless transition to IP transport cloud-optimized metro transport to enable the delivery of ultra-broadband and cloud services," stated Olivier Gordien of Alcatel-Lucent.
http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/
Qualcomm Sells Omnitracs Europe to Astrata
Monday, January 13, 2014 Astrata, M2M, Qualcomm, Satellite, Telematics
Qualcomm announced the sale of its Omnitracs Europe division to Astrata Group Private Limited. Financial terms were not disclosed.
Omnitracs Europe specializes in commercial vehicle telematics for the trucking industry.
"The Omnitracs Europe name is synonymous with quality and customer service at the highest level," said George M. Kappaz, Chairman and CEO of Astrata, and Chairman of CIH International Group, the private equity group that owns Astrata. "We are excited to significantly expand Astrata's presence in Europe with the acquisition of Omnitracs Europe. With highly complementary geographic presences, the combined operations will truly have a global reach and in-house access to best-in-class technologies, enhancing our product and service offerings to our customers throughout the world."
http://www.astratagroup.com/
In November 2013, Qualcomm completed the the sale of its Omnitracs subsidiary to Vista Equity Partners (Vista), a U.S.-based private equity firm, for approximately $800 million in cash. The sale includes all of Omnitracs' operations in the United States, Canada and Latin America. The deal was first announced in August 2013.


I was born and raised in Derby. In 2006 I moved to Queensland and lived with my Wagadagam family on a small island in the Torres Strait called Besi. While I was there we attended the tombstone opening of my dad's brother, Ephraim Bani who was an important cultural elder and well-known artist. We went to the Gab Titui cultural centre on Thursday Island where the gallery is named after him and ever since then I've wanted to work at an art gallery. At first I wanted to work at the Ephraim Bani gallery but because I'm so close to my mum I went with her when she moved back to Derby.
In 2015 I started working at Mowanjum Art & Culture Centre, my sister had been working there already and said to me "It gives you a better point of view of your culture." I work at the front desk talking to visitors about culture, putting sales through, I help hang paintings in the gallery and sometimes I even get the chance to paint myself. I really love working there, I'm proud to be both Torres Strait islander and Aboriginal, I feel like we have a lot of wisdom in our culture.
Cessa attended the 2016 Visual Arts Leadership Program Curating workshop in Kununurra.


A visiting Cannabis expert from Canada, Marc Emery, believes that arrests for possession of marijuana in St. Lucia should stop and has warned that tourists who are accustomed to having legal access to cannabis will go elsewhere.
"Let's stop the arrests," he stated.
Emery was part of a delegation that met Prime Minister Allen Chastanet and other members of cabinet on Monday to discuss legalizing marijuana.
"I have been in 39 jails in the United States and Canada for my cannabis activism," he told a news conference yesterday.
"I have sold cannabis, I have grown cannabis and I have broken the law – proudly, for 30 years and I spent 6 years in prison for doing that," the Canadian national declared.
Emery said Prime Minister Chastanet was very gracious at Monday's meeting, where cabinet members asked questions about the cannabis situation in Canada currently.


Last week, we looked at the worst games that Los Angeles played this year, searching for weaknesses that might cost the Rams a Lombardi Trophy. Today, we're going to do the same for L.A.'s Super Bowl opponents, the New England Patriots.
Week 2: Jacksonville Jaguars 31, New England Patriots 20. Blake Bortles throws three touchdowns in the first 30 minutes as the Jaguars lead 21-3 at halftime. (Bortles would not throw for three touchdowns in a single game for the rest of the season.) Keelan Cole is Jacksonville's top receiver with seven catches for 116 yards and a touchdown. The Jaguars convert 10-of-14 third-down plays. Due in part to the early deficit, the Patriots only run for 82 yards on 24 carries. Tom Brady gains just 234 yards on 35 passes, but adds a pair of second-half touchdowns with no interceptions.
Week 3: Detroit Lions 26, New England Patriots 10. The Patriots again fall behind early, trailing 13-3 at halftime. And again, that limits what they can do on the ground, as they finish with 89 yards on 19 carries. The Lions, meanwhile, play keepaway, converting 7-of-14 third downs and rushing for 159 yards on 33 carries. Tom Brady throws for only 133 yards on 26 passes; his average of 5.1 yards per throw was his worst of the year, and he adds an interception and two sacks.
Week 10: Tennessee Titans 34, New England Patriots 10. Marcus Mariota throws two touchdowns in the first 10 minutes and the Titans take a 24-10 lead into halftime. The Patriots gain only 40 yards on 19 carries. Brady throws 41 passes, but gains only 254 yards and fails to throw for a touchdown; he has no interceptions, but is sacked three times. The Titans passing offense is explosive, averaging better than 10 yards per throw (including a 21-yard gain on a Darius Jennings pass to Mariota). But since they were playing with the lead for virtually the entire game, they were able grind things out on the ground, running 36 times for 150 yards.
Week 14: Miami Dolphins 34, New England Patriots 33. A weird game that bears little resemblance to New England's other poor outings. The Patriots did not fall behind early; this was a back-and-forth affair with ten lead changes, with neither team ever ahead by more than five points. So New England had a chance to run 30 times … but they only gained 77 yards on those plays. Their production came from Brady, who had a season-high 358 yards on 43 passes. He added three touchdowns without an interception, though he was sacked twice. Meanwhile, New England's pass defense produced a lot of big plays with four sacks, but gave up even more, as Ryan Tannehill finished with 265 yards on only 19 passes, an average of 14.0 (!) yards per throw. The Patriots managed only a pair of field goals on four second-half possessions, but it still looked like they were going to win … until the most amazing (if ultimately meaningless) touchdown of 2018 happened.
A few notable trends jump out from these contests. First of all, for a playoff team, The Patriots' bad games were really bad. New England's DVOA in these four outings ranged from a high of -32.1% to a low of -58.6%, with an average of -46.2% that would have been the worst in the league over a full season. No other playoff team had four games with a DVOA of -30.0% or worse; the Rams, Chiefs, Chargers, and Texans had a total of zero. If the bad version of the Patriots shows up in the Super Bowl, the Rams will win by multiple touchdowns. That said, as championship-level strategies go, "let's sit back and wait for the Patriots to implode" is about as foolishly optimistic as you can get, so let's take a closer look at what Los Angeles can do to force the issue.
It's notable that all of these games were on the road; the Patriots were a very different team away from Foxborough this year. That's especially true of their defense, which was second-best at home, but second-worst on the road. Their -10.0% DVOA against Kansas City last week was the New England defense's best road game of the season, and they still blew three fourth-quarter leads. The Super Bowl won't be a home game for the Rams, but they should have plenty of opportunities to score points.
In three of these games, New England was effectively knocked out early. Even in the Dolphins loss, they trailed at the end of the first quarter, albeit only by a single point after Stephen Gostkowski missed a PAT. But that still tells the simplest tale of the 2018 New England Patriots: beat them early, or don't beat them at all. Including the playoffs, the Patriots were a perfect 11-0 when leading at the end of the first quarter; when they were tied or trailing 15 minutes into the game, they finished 2-5. Obviously, it's better to be ahead than behind -- teams that were ahead after the first quarter went 156-50 this season, winning more than three-quarters of their games -- but New England was particularly adept at making those early leads stick, and surprisingly unable to play catch-up.
Shockingly, the Patriots were just 25th in offensive DVOA this season when trailing by eight or more points. Including sacks, Brady averaged only 5.2 yards per dropback when down by two scores; the running game wasn't much better, averaging 3.6 yards per carry. This was on 168 total plays, so it wasn't a tiny sample -- however, those 168 plays were limited entirely to those losses to the Jaguars, Lions, and Titans. When Patriots trailed by smaller deficits -- tied, or down by one to seven points -- they were third in offensive DVOA.
All in all, Brady was hardly disastrous in New England's bad games -- he completed fewer than 60 percent of his passes and averaged less than 7 yards per toss, but threw eight touchdowns with only one interception. On the ground, however, the Patriots were neutralized. They averaged only 72.0 yards per game and 3.1 yards per carry. Their average rush offense DVOA was -26.9%, which would have been the worst in the league over a full season; their average pass offense DVOA was 7.2%, which would have been in the middle of the pack. Shutting down the ground game and forcing Tom Brady to throw isn't the first tactic that springs to mind when facing New England, but it has been most effective against the Patriots this year.
As for New England's defense, when they were bad, they were fall-on-your-face awful. Their DVOA in these games would have been worst against the run, against the pass, and overall over the course of the season. They allowed 5.3 rushing yards per carry and 150.5 yards per game. Opposing quarterbacks completed nearly 70 percent of their passes for 9.2 yards per throw with 11 touchdowns and only two interceptions. Keep in mind, those numbers were put up by Blake Bortles, Matthew Stafford, Marcus Mariota, and Ryan Tannehill. The Patriots were especially putrid on first down, giving up 374 yards on 64 carries (a 5.8-yard average) while opponents completed 37 of 51 passes for 628 yards (73 percent completion rate, 12.3 yards per throw) with seven touchdowns, no interceptions, and only three sacks.
Between New England's struggles in first quarters and on first downs, Sean McVay's opening script will be crucial in this game. Passes of all distances were effective against the Patriots. Short passes were completed 75 percent of the time with an average gain of 8.5 yards, while deep passes were less reliable (52 percent completion rate) but more explosive (13.4 yards per pass), as you would expect. If there was a specifically weak area of New England's defense, it came on throws to the offense's left, which were completed 77 percent of the time for 10.7 yards per play, including 7.1 yards after the catch per completion. Passes to the right or middle were completed more than 10 percent less often, for 2 full fewer yards per play. The Rams, as you might expect, used multiple receivers to attack all areas of the field. Seven different players (including Cooper Kupp, who is out for the year) had 15 or more targets on throws to the offense's left for L.A.; the best of them was Brandin Cooks, who caught 73 percent of his targets for 14.4 yards per catch.
But those are just details. The big picture is this: the Rams will need to take an early lead in this game. That will help to keep New England's offense one-dimensional, while at the same time letting L.A. play with versatility. That in turn will let give the Rams a chance to beat the Patriots with their own weapon: ball control. The Patriots only converted 18 of 52 third downs in their bad games, while their opponents went 23-of-47, converting nearly half the time.
Pay attention to the coin toss, expect the Rams to receive if they can, and hold on tight -- the game could be decided long before Maroon 5 even takes the field.
It might be more informative to look at the loss to Pittsburgh than the early season losses when Edelman was serving a suspension. If the game plan is "hope the Patriots play as poorly as they did in their worst outings", that's not much of a strategy.
The Rams are better served trying to do the things they do well than trying to play the matchup game with the Patriots. The Rams need to run the ball - preferably for long drives that keep a frustrated Brady off the field. If they cannot run the ball, well, the Pats have just won two games against QBs that are better than Goff.
On defense, when you have Aaron Donald, you let him do what he does. The flip of the offensive strategy is the need to stop the Pats' rushing game - a goal certainly within the Rams' reach.
I have to express a little dissatisfaction with this article in that it fails to contextualize the big losses New England had (and therefore doesn't do a great job in my view of taking the right lessons, especially with regard to Pats D vs. Opponent O). The Jacksonville & Detroit games were exhaustion give-ups by the Pats D (Jacksonville accomplished this by playing in the hottest recorded environment for an NFL game, Detroit accomplished this by holding the Pats 2-11 on 3rd down during the Edelman suspension). The Tenensee game was a Marty-ball extravaganza after the Pats got down by 17 early on a couple of big plays, still decided to run 20 times for 2 yards/carry, missed a field goal and got sacked to lose a possession at the end of the first half. An analyst should take away from a) that you can tire the Pats defense out (the Chiefs did this well in both games they played this year), b) with a good understanding of game theory, some good execution, and some luck, it's possible for a mediocre football team to beat a good football team.
I think it's really difficult to put a finger on how to defend against the Pats because they have had so much turnover this year; A big story in the loss to Tennessee was Josh Gordon catching only 4 of the 12 throws in his direction - something that certainly won't happen in this game. Some hold up the Pittsburg game-plan, but 6 offensive penalties (including 4 false starts) were definitely a part of making that plan work - and the Pats still had several long drives that could easily have resulted in enough points to win. My opinion is that taking away the run, screen, and short option-route game are the keys, and have been since the transition back to the 01-04 offense back in 2016.
I have to agree with you. This is one of those places where looking at the entire season isn't all that helpful. It might even be deceptive given the team development and the way Belichick changes his schemes situationally. Things from the gelling of the o-line to Edelman's rust removal and Michel's development (and Gordon's departure) make this a different, and likely better, team than the one that struggled in road games. Old-man Brady has revived with rest (and recovery from the knee sprain), while Gronk is probably the best version of himself he's been this season. That said, I do think the Pats o-line isn't good enough to run successfully without consistent run-pass balance.
Well, I will say that more so than many games between top teams, it does seem like playing from a lead will be important this Super Bowl.


text:
Detroit School research projects take a fresh approach to urban planning
Tags: School of Public Health, Students, Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning
Source: Michigan News
The prevailing urban planning models are based on the concept that a city's population is growing, but for many rustbelt cities like Detroit, the population isn't growing––it's shrinking, and cities must react to this reality to properly serve residents.
Detroit School
Margaret Dewar
To that end, the Detroit School was created in 2012 by University of Michigan Professor Margaret Dewar, now emerita, and three PhD students in the Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning, who wanted to view urban planning through the lens of shrinking populations.
This year, the Detroit School accepted six papers from PhD students in multiple disciplines to present at a national conference, the goal being to share Detroit School research with a broader audience for the first time.
Rob Pfaff
"You can use a case study from a very extreme example like Detroit to help other cities," said Rob Pfaff, one of three student coordinators of the Detroit School series, and a PhD candidate in Urban and Regional Planning. The findings in the chosen abstracts are especially relevant in rustbelt or shrinking cities like Milwaukee, Pittsburgh, St. Louis, New Orleans, Cleveland, and Gary, Pfaff said, and bring a fresh perspective to the discussion.
Michael R.J. Koscielniak, a PhD candidate in Urban and Regional Planning, followed the dirt in "Backfill to the city movement: Demolition and land beyond developability in Detroit, Michigan."
"My research has probed the process of demolishing a building, from policy institutions to grading the vacant lot to preparing for redevelopment," he said. "I traced the money and materials that enabled demolitions. I stumbled upon a regional supply chain of backfill material––dirt, gravel, and crushed basements––that contractors commanded to drive their own income-generation priorities."
How that backfill market appeared, who and what controlled it, and how that market is embedded in regional real estate markets is essential for understanding what demolition achieves beyond developable land, Koscielniak found. He used the findings to argue that the demolition program has not prompted a rush on Detroit property.
Alexa Eisenberg
Alexa Eisenberg, a doctoral candidate in the School of Public Health, examined the effectiveness of state and local government tax relief policies in preventing foreclosures in, "'It's like they make it difficult for you on purpose': barriers to property tax relief and foreclosure prevention in Detroit, Michigan."
"Our research . . . examines how a tax relief program known as the Poverty Tax Exemption failed to protect many low-income homeowners from dispossession through tax foreclosure in Detroit," Eisenberg said. "Our research is important because it demonstrates how a policy that is progressive on its face does not necessarily translate into meaningful benefits for homeowners. A policy's implementation process is the key to its success––and cities like Detroit, with poor fiscal conditions and many homeowners in need of tax relief––have neither the capacity or incentive to implement fair and effective tax relief."
Other project abstracts include:
"Drawing your neighborhood: Cognitive mapping in moments of crisis and change," which looks at how residents view neighborhood boundaries amid gentrification and other changes. The study ultimately questions the usefulness of planners' stagnant definition of the term "neighborhood" as a unit of analysis. Author is Christine Hwang, PhD student, Urban and Regional Planning.
"The new moral 'master': Social work, motherhood, and racial uplift in interwar Detroit," examines how the Detroit Urban League used the idea of the "new Negro" to control and monitor the black community, focusing on newly-arriving African-American mothers from the South. Work centers on Detroit to give origins of the contemporary conversations on remaining black citizens, and to contextualize national conversations. Author is Maggie Carlton, doctoral candidate, history.
"New sounds in an old city: Detroit Symphony Orchestra and the Detroit revival," examines how the DSO helped resuscitate Midtown Detroit with its relocation to Orchestra Hall and later expansion. It also looks at the DSO's transformation after a contentious strike, and its goal of becoming "the most accessible orchestra on the planet." Author is Nathinee Chucherdwatanasak, graduate student, historical musicology.
"A metropolitan dilemma: Race, power and regional planning in Detroit," studies political regimes and power in the context of regional planning in Detroit, which has a highly decentralized metro region with an exceptionally racialized political economy. The case of Detroit ultimately indicates both the staying power of suburban and urban political regimes, and the highly contested nature of metropolitan institutions. Detroit's experience vividly illustrates patterns that characterize other regions as well. Author is Joel Batterman, PhD student, Urban and Regional Planning.


Our daughter turns 10 months old next week. I thought our lives were already pretty full-on, running a business in London and a shop in Japan. But, little did I know that was NOTHING compared with the hard work of being a parent. When I say hard work, I actually mean its no work at all, but it takes so much out of you to be so concerned and care about another thing in the world, it really is pretty exhausting (in a good way!).
To me, she is the most coolest thing that ever existed and she makes me laugh and smile even when she is being naughty. I cant wait for more of this stuff to come.
I wonder what she'd say if she could write a blog post. She's definitely having a great time with you. How's Plimsoll? I hope those 2 smaller beings are getting on well.
she'd say 'I want to eat cat biscuits, crawl in the dirt and chew shoes, please mum'.
Oh wow, such a gorgeous baby you have!
I can't find the right words to describe...her cheeks!! They are irresistible. I am not a mum but I cared for a little baby for a year and a half. He called me mom, and I felt so responsible for him, al the time, and it was such a hard work yes, but in a good way like you said. If what you feel for a baby who's truly yours is stronger than what I felt for him, I don't know how a mum's heart can stay in one piece.
Taking steps...sleeping photos....so beautiful. Mamahood is hard work and it's a full time job...one I'm so glad I have had the opportunity to experience...enjoy every moment!
Just beautiful... love those little steps she's attempting!


I would like to control my Bluesound system with flic buttons. This is done via HTTP commands. I now have one click for pause and double for play.
Is it possible to have internet request alternate between two commands, for one action (click, double click, hold)?


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Tuesday, July 16, 2019 -
Home News Local Gov.-elect Polis speaks to the IJN
Gov.-elect Polis speaks to the IJN
Shana GoldbergNov 29, 2018Local, News0
Jared Polis, pictured in the IJN offices. (Tim McClanahan)
The name of Colorado's governor-elect is not new to these pages. A quick search through Intermountain Jewish News archives brings up articles about Jared Polis going back to 2004.
That first article was about Polis' parents and their stationary company, Blue Mountain, and its website, which "Jared Polis, the couple's eldest son and then a junior at Princeton, designed."
Fast forward 14 years and Jared Polis' internet savvy has become a thing of legend. The entrepreneur made his fortune — and at an estimated $400 million it is a substantial one — in the early days of the internet, back when it was still spelled with a capital "I," when the word "website" had a capital "W" and on-line was hyphenated.
Then he moved on, to philanthropy and public service.
In 2000 he founded the Jared Polis Foundation and was elected to the Colorado State Board of Education. Indeed, the focus on education and technology informed his philanthropy. A 2005 L'Chaim© article reported on Polis donating thousands of computers to schools. He also founded and served as superintendent of a charter school, New America School, which educates new immigrant students in the Denver area.
In 2008, Polis was elected to the US Congress, representing Colorado's Second District, which includes his hometown. Polis brought his tech knowledge to his new role, delving deeply into internet-related legislation, including net neutrality, freedom of information and intellectual property.
He also engaged in foreign relations, which an interview with the IJN prior to his election hinted at. Speaking in 2008, when Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was Iran's president, Polis spoke of the importance of deterring Iran from developing nuclear weapons, as well as the importance of the US-Israel relationship.
Both of these were revisited during Polis' next meeting with the IJN, in 2015.
On Nov. 6, 2018, Polis was elected governor of the State of Colorado, making him the first Jewish person to hold Colorado's highest elected office.
In a post-election phone interview, the IJN had the opportunity to ask Polis several questions, from how it feels being Colorado's first Jewish governor to the current status of the US-Israel relationship.
Q: What does it mean to you to be the first Jewish governor of Colorado, and do you think it's significant?
I think it's exciting to know that in our state we can elect somebody of the Jewish faith to be governor. The Jewish values that are instilled in me play a big role. Not only in my worldview but also the reasons that I'm seeking office.
As a great-grandchild of immigrants from the Ukraine and Russia and Poland, I've always advocated for Colorado being an inclusive state that welcomes immigrants and refugees, promotes civil rights and celebrates people of all faiths and no faith here in our state.
I'm excited in a day and age where anti-Semitism is on the rise we can provide a more inclusive force in Colorado.
Q: The ADL reports that hate crimes are on the rise in Colorado and nationally. The largest target is the black community, but there's been a rise against Jews specifically as well. What can the governor's office do about it?
We have to not just combat hate crimes, but I need to do my best as governor to use responsible rhetoric that brings people together and rejects the false moral equivalency between Nazi sympathizers and those who are exercising their free speech rights.
There are increasing threats against all minority communities, including our Jewish community, in part because of irresponsible rhetoric used by some national leaders. It's important that the governor try to unify our state and show that we all have something to give and celebrate our diversity.
Q: Were the midterms a referendum on that type of rhetoric?
I think it's important that we reject anti-Semitism on the left and the right.
While there's always been a strain of anti-Semitism on both extremes we've seen it resurgent on the right in the last few years.
It's very important that elected leaders of both parties call it out for what it is and make it clear that anti-Semitism is unacceptable, as is racism, sexism or homophobia.
Q: The elections brought a wave of progressives into Congress, some of whom are not necessarily pro-Israel. Is there a larger trend within the Democratic party of turning against Israel?
No. I think the importance of the US-Israel relationship economically and from a security perspective enjoys broad support on both sides of the aisle.
I think that in this day and age with all the uncertainty in the Middle East and with relations with many other countries, [the US-Israel relationship] is an extremely important relationship strategically for our country and that's recognized by almost all members of both parties nationally.
Q: So you don't see that having a larger impact on Congress?
The US-Israel relationship has extremely strong support on both sides of the aisle. There are a few Republicans and a few Democrats who don't support the importance of that relationship, but it has a strong majority support on both sides of the aisle.
Q: Governor Hickenlooper has done a lot of work with Israel, including going on missions, signing anti-BDS legislation in 2016, and forging economic ties where there could be commonalities between Israel and Colorado, such as water issues. Do you plan to continue that?
Absolutely. We'd be very excited as a dry mountain state to be able to learn from Israel with regard to water generation and efficiency. I look forward to working with leaders of both sides to improve commercial ties between Colorado and Israel.
Q: The last time we spoke with you, in 2015, you were very engaged in foreign relations. Will you miss dealing with those kinds of global issues?
I certainly enjoy co-chairing the Kurdish caucus and I've been a big support of Kurdish autonomy. The Kurdish people and their regional government have been a good friend of both the United States and Israel and have been treated very poorly by the Iraqi national government and before that by Saddam Hussein.
As governor I will focus more on building commercial relationships. It means that I would focus on the US-Kurdish relationship from a commercial perspective rather than a national security one. I want to encourage Colorado small businesses and large businesses to trade and do commerce with countries across the whole world. I look forward to helping Colorado businesses open doors for new markets and new ideas.
Q: The federal government has been somewhat frozen when it comes to getting things done. What issues do you see states taking a bigger role on if that trend continues?
I want to move forward to improve our schools. I started it as superintendent of a school that helps immigrants learn English.
We want to focus on expanding access to preschool and kindergarten. The early childhood [education] issue is so important.
Making healthcare more affordable.
Protecting our amazing environment in Colorado, our parks, our open spaces that help make our quality of life what it is.
Q: You'll be able to do that independent of federal government?
All the opportunity to move forward in these areas is going to be at the state level.
Q: Of the main issues you focused on during the campaign — healthcare, education, sustainability — which do you think will be the hardest to achieve?
Nothing's easy or it would be done already, but I'm willing to take on anybody and any special interest to make progress on all the issues that I ran on and hope to deliver on.
Q: There's a trend right now in politics of independently wealthy people seeking office. Some say it protects the individual from special interests. Do you think it's a trend, and is it good for society?
While it wasn't the main thing I ran on a lot of voters did also vote for me because they knew that I wasn't beholden to powerful special interests and I would stand up for them.
Our bigger focus was on making progress. I think in healthcare, people valued that I wasn't backed by the pharmaceutical companies and insurance companies and that I would [be able] to save them money.
I don't know if [wealthy people seeking office] is happening more than it did a century ago. I think that people from all walks of life are willing to roll up their sleeves and run for office. If you look at Congress, you have teachers there and nurses and retired military and successful business people.
In general, you want to elect people that are successful as opposed to not successful in whatever career they've chosen.
If your career is military, that doesn't mean that you've become wealthy, but it means you've worked up the ranks and gotten good performance ratings and you retire as a high-level officer.
For a nurse, it might mean that you had some type of supervisory capacity and you went over to public service.
So I think that we want to have representatives of all walks of life that have been successful in their careers, because they're going to carry that success into the public sphere.
Copyright © 2018 by the Intermountain Jewish News
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'Antiques Roadshow' — the Mainz episode
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5:00 pm Hacked: How to Protect Yourself ...
Hacked: How to Protect Yourself ...
Discussion with Dr. Chris Pierson on how to protect against the financial loss, reputational risk and lost data that can rise from cybercrime. At Chabad Aspen.
5:30 pm Shofar Sounds Concert (HEA)
Shofar Sounds Concert (HEA)
Concert with singer/songwriter Saul Kaye, with 'Eli' talk. Hosted by HEA. 'Secret' location to be revealed ahead of concert.
6:30 pm Refuat Hanefesh: A Healing of th...
Refuat Hanefesh: A Healing of th...
Monthly spiritual support group for mental health and wellness. Facilitated by Rabbi Deborah Bronstein and psychologist Dr. Susan Ollar. (Not meeting in May.) At Har HaShem.
9:15 am Trope 101 (Aspen)
Trope 101 (Aspen)
Summer workshop taught by student cantor Benjamin Harris on the fundamentals of chanting Torah and melodies. Held Wednesdays at Aspen Jewish Congregation.
5:30 pm Brew with a Jew
Brew with a Jew
Weekly happy hour & learning with various rabbis in the community, including Rabbi Menachem Lehrfield and Rabbi Danny Wolfe. Oriented for young professionals. At Chain Reaction Brewing Company.
7:00 pm Conversational Hebrew (BMH-BJ)
Conversational Hebrew (BMH-BJ)
Weekly conversational Hebrew class taught by experienced teacher Roberta Feinsmith. Meeting Wednesdays at BMH-BJ.
7:00 pm JCC Summer Concert: Dan Weldon (...
JCC Summer Concert: Dan Weldon (...
Annual summer concert series hosted by Salt Lake JCC. Held on the patio. Dates/bands for 2017 are: June 19, Pixie and the Party Grass Boys July 17, Dan Weldon Aug. 8, The Fabulous Flynnstones
7:00 pm JNF Israel Speaker Series (Women)
JNF Israel Speaker Series (Women)
Featured speaker: JNF's Vivian Grossman on "Positively Israel: Education and Advocacy in Action". Part of JNF's Women for Israel speaker series. Held at a private home.
7:00 pm Menachem Begin: Salt of the Eart...
Menachem Begin: Salt of the Eart...
Filmmaker Jonathan Gruber discusses his documentary project exploring Menachem Begin's life and legacy. Two dates/locations: July 17, Chabad Vail, 7 p.m. July 18, Chabad Aspen, 5 p.m.
1:00 pm Kavod on the Road: The Kevin Mat...
Kavod on the Road: The Kevin Mat...
Kavod on the Road visits BMH-BJ for a concert with the Kevin Matthews Band, a trio that interprets songs from the golden era of Broadway musicals.
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IJN Columnists
The Intermountain Jewish News is a weekly independent newspaper founded in 1913, covering the Jewish communities of the Front Range.
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This week's IJN
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text:
Francesco Algarotti (1712-1764) – letterato e saggista
 Nicolò Udine Algarotti (1791-1838) – filologo e musicologo italiano
 Vittorio Algarotti (1553-1604) (o Algarotto) – medico veronese che introdusse in medicina l'uso dell'ossicloruro di antimonio
 villa Algarotti-Berchet – villa di Carpenedo di Mestre

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I know there are several of you reading who waffle on the whole real or faux leather debate. For those of you partial to pleather, you're in luck for Fall 2010 (as a pleather skirt certainly is more budget-friendly than the real deal). But let's be honest, does pleather look as good or last as long as the real deal? Doubtful. Regardless your stance on the real/faux debate, the leather skirt is a strong statement piece for Fall. If you're going to purchase one new skirt for your FW 2010 wardrobe, you should buy a leather pencil skirt. A simple and sophisticated style, a leather pencil skirt is an item of clothing you'll keep in your closet forever. The silhouette is slimming, the material's supple, and the look is classic.
While there are several covetable confections from some of our favourite designers (Michael Kors, anyone?) those of us on a budget want something wallet-friendly. Enter this Halogen® lambskin leather pencil skirt. I'm loving the cut of the leather, the wide waistband (figure-friendly, hello!), and the laser-cut seams. This Halogen® leather skirt is fully lined and has a back zip with a hook-and-eye closure. It measures 21.5-inches long, so on women of an average height the hem should hit at your knee or just above. Pair with a crisp white blouse, or a black cashmere turtleneck sweater and classic pumps. Love!


When my Grandmother died we found a tin full of negatives, contact prints and diaries. My Grandfather took these pictures in Johannesburg, Palestine and Cairo whilst serving in the Royal Air Force during World War Two.
His name was James Smith (1st photograph), he was an armourer and it was his job to load ammunition and bombs onto the aircrafts. His duties also included the recovery of crashed aircrafts, removing live ammunition from wrecks and retrieving the bodies of allied and enemy soldiers.
After the war, he returned to working as a bricklayer. He married and started a family. None of us were aware of these pictures until after his death.


The letter from Brenda Wall (Saturday, letters) concerning the decline in tourism I find confusing – though maybe I missed something. Why does the lady in question single out the Club Aguamar? She admits that there are others so why not name them all ? Its called being democratic. She tells of thousands of holidaymakers who have suffered appalling holidays abroad – this on first sight conjures up planeloads of unhappy people all waiting to complain – litigation forms at the ready – though in reality accounts for a very small amount of people when the millions of holidaymakers are taken into account.
The style of letter would have the –easily led – to believe that this only happens on Majorca – this is of course untrue – illness can be contracted anywhere and at anytime proper control of food preparation is essential but on two occasions the phrase "longlist" is mentioned always in connection with hotels and always in connection with Majorca –obviously people never eat anything outside of the hotel maintain perfect personal hygiene, take precautions not to take too much sun, too many cold drinks etc.
If as the writer points out that the UK is a highly consumer orientated society may I ask why it necessary to give these programmes she mentions such "Sensationalised" Titles and have them put out a peak time? Surely all of these disgruntled tourists would be willing to see them at anytime and without the attention grabbing headings – after all surely most of them are in bed recovering from appalling holidays! No– I fear that this is a sensational article – which in no way has the interest of this island and its tourist trade at heart – it is a flag waving attempt for Ms Walls consumer programme and website – after all as they say in the UK "Where there's blame there's a claim" and of course compensation!!! Holiday TravelWatch's letter is not conducive to solving anything it is far too biased to be in anyway useful.
Presumably a similar reciprocal organisation exists for visitors to the UK – or am I too assume that holidays taken in UK are never appalling and nobody falls ill??
Given the UK's recent record over such things a foot and mouth, mad cow disease etc I really don't feel that they are in anyway suitable to set themselves up as judge & jury on health matters.


Spanish and Flamenco Dance is fiery, exciting, loud, passionate and sensual. It is also incredibly atmospheric – even in a class setting.
Spanish and Flamenco , flamenco lessons and workshops in the school Alhambra Instituto in Malaga, Spain. Flamenco classes are a great way to get in shape and have fun, and tuition is suitable for all ages and abilities, beginners to advanced, children and adults. You do not need to be a trained dancer, nor do you have to be young and streamlined – no matter your age or shape, our flamenco dance classes will have something for you!
The level of the class will depend of the level of the students. This class will introduce students to Flamenco dance technique with special atention to arms, hands and movements of the body. We will study a flamenco style through a choreography. We will learn how the rhythm goes and how to play palmas. No previous knowledge of Flamenco dance or music is required .
The growing interest that already existed in Spanish and Flamenco all over the world, as a true cultural manifestation, as well as the attraction this art form, held Alhambra Instituto to set up a special Flamenco Course. We want to give you an opportunity to experience both: learning the practical skills of the Flamenco dance art at the same time of your Spanish Intensive Course. And the great news is you don't have to be fit or flexible to enjoy flamenco dance as you can start at a beginners level.
Alhambra Instituto offers you the opportunity to combine your Spanish classes with the knowledge of one of Spain's most beloved traditions: Flamenco. You will learn to dance flamenco dances with a specialized teacher that also will talk about the most famous guitarists, singers and dancers of flamenco.
A) Spanish Course 20 + Flamenco lessons in Group and + 10 lessons weekly of Flamenco lessons.
A) Spanish Course 20 + Flamenco lessons in Group 30 lessons / week: This course consists of 4 lessons of general Spanish (Intensive Course 20) and 2 lessons of Flamenco dance every day.
Nº Students 10 Students max.
B) Spanish Course 25 + Flamenco lessons Combined 30 lessons / week: This course consists of 5 lessons of general Spanish (Intensive Course 25) and 1 Individual Flamenco dance lesson every day.


From: More on Kay Locomotives: This picture, the first of three, was supplied by Andrew who, fortunately, was in possession of copies of the originals which were taken by Frank Smith. These were with Bury Archives, who unfortunately are now are unable to locate them. In this first view we see the cab layout of the Kay narrow gauge locomotive for the first time. The driver sat transversely across the cab with his seat protruding from the left-hand side. Two levers are shown, one for controlling the two speeds selected and the other for the direction of travel. The purpose of the two capped pipes above the levers is uncertain, but a quote from the catalogue might help with this question, 'A neat control panel is attached to the gear housing and is fitted with the tap for petrol or Paraffin, oil pressure gauge, magneto switch and spark control lever, all within easy reach of the driver'. Whether the pipes were for the control (and/or filling up) of the fuel used or for sanding or some other purpose is unknown. Two foot pedals can be seen; the right one for acceleration and the left for the operation of the clutch mechanism. A sanding lever was also located near to the driver and the braking gear was on a column behind him, with its handle occupying the space created by the circular extension on the rear of the cab. The general chaos around the works can be noted, with possibly a pile of foundry coke on the right-hand side behind the locomotive and various engineering parts on the left in front of the machine.


text:
Aloysius Ordu
EXPERTISE: PUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENT
Aloysius has served for more than three decades in international development that covered many world regions, including Africa, East Asia, South Asia, Europe, Middle East, and Latin America and the Caribbean. He served as Vice President, Operations, at the African Development Bank in Tunisia. In that capacity, he was accountable for 13 regional, country and policy departments. He was a member of the senior management team that led the 6th general capital increase of the African Development Bank and, that replenished the African Development Fund. At the World Bank, he served as Director of Operations, Latin America and the Caribbean; as Director of the Operations Policy and Quality Department and, prior to that he served in various managerial capacities. He currently serves on the Advisory Board of Stellenbosch University, South Africa. He has PhD in Economics from the University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
Your ticket for the: Aloysius Ordu


There are few studies that have taken a practical approach to examining how well complex forage mixtures persist in intensively managed pastures. We conducted an on-farm study to compare changes in botanical composition and yield of simple and complex forage mixtures under grazing. Three forage mixtures (2, 3, or 11-species) were established in replicated 1-ac pastures on a farm in eastern Pennsylvania and grazed by dairy heifers or managed under a 3-cut hay system for four years. The complex mixture yielded more forage dry matter than the 2-species mixture, but this difference was due to the inclusion of a few highly productive forage species. However, nearly one-half of the planted species did not persist beyond four years in the complex forage mixture. Producers should first determine what forage species are best adapted for their farm, and then consider whether a complex mixture of forages is necessary or if separate plantings of different species across the farm would be more useful.
Producers are searching for ways to reduce the risk of forage production on pastures. Ecological research suggests that greater diversity of species in grassland ecosystems benefits their productivity and stabilizes their function under stressful conditions (Minns et al., 2001). Some producers use highly complex mixtures of forages in pastures in the belief that different plant species will be valuable in their own time, thus smoothing out productivity during stressful periods. There are few studies that have taken a practical approach to examining how complex forage mixtures persist in intensively managed pastures. We conducted an on-farm study in collaboration with a producer to determine the persistence and yield of complex mixtures of forage species compared with a simple grass-legume mixture.
Three forage mixtures were compared under haying and grazing management on a farm in Berks County, Pennsylvania (Table 1). Mixture 1 is commonly used in the northeastern USA. Mixture 2 was chosen by the producer according to her own research and preferences. Treatment 3 was developed as an experimental highly complex planting. Soil at the farm is a Weikert-Berks shaly silt loam. This soil is well drained, contains a high amount (10 to 50%) of coarse rock fragments, and has a low water-holding capacity. Soil pH was 6.4 and available P and K levels to a 6-in. depth averaged 79 and 127 lb/ac, respectively. The producer applied lime at 2000 lb/ac in spring 2000.
An automated weather station at the site recorded rainfall, air temperature, and soil moisture. Two 1-ac paddocks of Mixtures 1 and 3 were no-till planted with a Tye Pasture Pleaser drill (Tye Co., Lockney, Texas) on 28 August, 1997. The previous crop was winter wheat. Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] was applied to the wheat stubble at 1.0 lb a.i./ac two weeks before planting. The producer custom hired the planting of Treatment 2, but the establishment procedures were essentially the same.
We selected two 1-ac paddocks of this planting for monitoring. In May 1999, we installed one 20-ft by 20-ft grazing exclosure in each treatment paddock. The area inside the exclosure was used to emulate a three-cut (late May, July, and August) hay management scenario. The area inside the exclosure was fertilized with 36 lb N/ac in April of each year to emulate the N that was recycled to the grazed areas from dung and urine of the heifers.
The paddocks were cut twice for hay, but not grazed, in 1998. Beginning in 1999 and continuing into 2002, paddocks were stocked with 45 to 60 Holstein dairy heifers for a 1- to 2-day period of stay on a 30 to 45-day rotation interval. Grazing started in late April and ended the first week of October each year. All of the paddocks on the farm were cut for hay once in late May or June each year of grazing. The producer discontinued grazing on the farm in late 2002. Therefore, a final harvest was taken from the pastures in April of 2003 before the farm was rented for crop production.
Dry matter yield was measured in 1999 to 2002 by clipping forage from two quadrats (3 ft by 3 ft) inside and outside of each exclosure to a 2-in. stubble height on three dates (June, July, and August) in each year. Aboveground biomass was hand sorted to species once each year and botanical composition was calculated. The experimental design was a randomized complete block. The two pastures of each treatment were considered replicates. The MIXED procedure in SAS (1998) was used for statistical analysis.
The pattern of change in botanical composition differed among mixtures managed for hay or grazing (Fig. 1). Mixture 1 under hay management was dominated by orchardgrass. Under grazing management, however, the grass/legume proportion of Mixture 1 fluctuated greatly. Mixture 2 managed for hay was dominated by orchardgrass. Orchardgrass also dominated in Mixture 2 under grazing management, but was decreasing in percentage during 2002 and 2003, with a corresponding increased in alfalfa percentage. Alfalfa percentage in Mixture 2 managed for hay decreased until July 2001 and increased in 2002 and 2003. Tall fescue became the dominant species in Mixture 3 by 2001 under hay or grazing management. Alfalfa did not persist in the complex mixture managed for hay but maintained a relatively stable proportion of the sward (about 20%) under grazing. Chicory did not persist after 1999 in Mixtures 2 and 3 whether managed for hay or grazing. Of the 11 species originally planted for the complex mixture in 1997, only 4 or 5 species persisted into the spring of 2003. Thus, the complex forage mixture tended to become less species rich with time whether cut for hay or grazed.
Red clover, birdsfoot trefoil, reed canarygrass, and timothy did not establish well in Mixture 3 and did not contribute much to sward dry matter. Hay management during 1998 and the practice of taking one cutting of hay during the grazing seasons of 1999 to 2002 probably affected the establishment and survival of some low-growing species in Mixture 3. This management probably allowed the taller growing species to gain a competitive advantage by shading low-growing species.
There was no treatment by year interaction for dry matter yield; therefore yields were averaged for years. Dry matter productivity was greatest with Mixture 3 (complex mixture) under hay management, whereas, productivity was greatest with Mixtures 2 and 3 under grazing management (Fig. 2). The primary advantage of Mixtures 2 and 3 compared with Mixture 1 was the inclusion of chicory and alfalfa, both deep taprooted species, on this drought-prone soil. The yield increases resulted from adding a highly productive species may be an example of the 'sampling effect' mechanism for explaining plant species diversity effects (Minns et al., 2001) or perhaps of facilitation where a companion species benefits the growth and survival of another species.
Our results suggest that planting a complex mixture of forages without regard to the identity of the species in the mixture is not wise. Less than half of the species planted in the 11-species mixture persisted during the entire 6-year experiment. The complex mixture yielded more forage dry matter than the 2-species mixture, but this difference was due to the inclusion of a few highly productive forage species.
Minns, A., J. Finn, A. Hector, M. Caldeira, J. Joshi, C. Palmborg, B. Schmid, M. SchererLorenzen, E. Spehn, and A. Troubis. 2001. The functioning of European grassland ecosystems: potential benefits of biodiversity to agriculture. Outlook Agric. 30:179185. SAS Inst. 1998. SAS Online Doc. Ver. 7.0. SAS Inst. Cary, NC.


Triangular voltage ramp signal with programmable peak and valley voltages. The duty cycle of the ramp is 50%.
Clock signal with 50% duty cycle.
For a VCO with a programmable duty cycle, see the Voltage-Controlled Oscillator w/ Programmable Duty Cycle topic.
OFF I On/Off control voltage for the oscillator, positive logic Oscillator runs when OFF voltage signal is less than 2.0V.
Once the oscillator stops running, it restarts when the voltage at the OFF pin drops below 2.0V.
The clock frequency is controlled by the VF input.
The test circuit used to generate the waveform examples in the next section can be downloaded here: simplis 073 vco 50 duty.sxsch.


Perfect for dinner parties, this stenciled chalkboard menu will have your guests excited for every course.
Basecoat frame with Pea Shoot. Let dry.
Paint smooth wood piece with Arrow Head Chalkboard Paint and let dry.
Place stencil corner designs as shown in photo. Repeat in each corner using small pouncer and Erasable White Chalk Paint. Let dry.
Layout Ribbon design placemat and stencil using Black Chalkboard Paint, repeat design as desired. Let dry.
Stencil accent/burst line as shown with Erasable liquid Chalk. Let dry.
Let everything dry completely. Add cupcake flavors with white chalk.


text:
Shinedown with In This Moment, One Bad Son, and 10 Years
sasktelcentre.com/event.php?eid=766-43e15a1a
One Bad Son
Sasktel Centre
101-3515 Thatcher Ave, Saskatoon, SK, CA
Shinedown have built their name on rock songs both brutal in power and epic in scope. Now, with their latest album, Shinedown (Brent Smith, Barry Kerch, Eric Bass, and Zach Myers) veer away from that densely layered sonic palette and take a more direct approach. Featuring lead single "Cut the Cord" — a blistering track that shot to #1 on Active Rock radio — Threat to Survival finds the multi-platinum-selling band achieving their most powerful sound ever and offering up their most important album to date.