text:
package org.ethontos.phylontal.project.impl;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;

import java.io.File;
import java.net.URI;

import org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;
import org.ethontos.phylontal.project.OntologyWrapper;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestOBOOntologyWrapper {

    // relativize this
    final private static String ZFA_OBO = "/Users/peter/Projects/workspace/phylontal/test/testFiles/zebrafish_anatomy.obo";
    final private static File ZFA_OBO_FILE = new File(ZFA_OBO);
    final private static String ZFA_OWL = "/Users/peter/Projects/workspace/phylontal/test/testFiles/zebrafish_anatomy.owl";
    final private static File ZFA_OWL_FILE = new File(ZFA_OWL);

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        BasicConfigurator.configure();
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    }

    @Test
    public void testCanRead() {
        assertTrue(OBOOntologyWrapper.canRead(ZFA_OBO_FILE));
        assertFalse(OBOOntologyWrapper.canRead(ZFA_OWL_FILE));
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoadOntology() {
        OntologyWrapper o = OBOOntologyWrapper.loadOntology(ZFA_OBO_FILE);
        assertNotNull(o);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetOntologyID() {
        OntologyWrapper o = OBOOntologyWrapper.loadOntology(ZFA_OBO_FILE);
        assertNotNull(o);
        URI u = o.getOntologyID();
        assertNotNull(u);
    }

    @Test
    public void testAsStringGraph() {
        fail("Not yet implemented"); // TODO
    }

    @Test
    public void testAsOntologyGraph() {
        fail("Not yet implemented"); // TODO
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetPreOrderedTermList() {
        fail("Not yet implemented"); // TODO
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


On the trails of the National Park, light shoes such as trainers are good enough footwear, except in winter. The marked trails mostly go into forests, and the wettest places have duckboards.
On the trails of Vaskijärvi Strict Nature Reserve, rubber boots are necessary when the water is high.
n the end of the summer, the Elk fly (Lipoptena cervi) is common in the area, so you may need protective clothing.


text:
Worcester L-1 Visa Lawyers
Intra-Company Transfers and Starting U.S. Business Branch
At the Worcester immigration law office of Tadmor & Tadmor, LLP, we are proud to offer professional and quality immigration law services to businesses and individuals seeking non-immigrant work status like the L-1 visa. From our office near Boston, we work with clients across the country and around the world.
At Tadmor & Tadmor, we focus exclusively on practicing immigration law. This means that our clients are able to confidently rely on our experienced team of immigration lawyers for more than just assistance with paperwork. We can provide clear and practical analysis of the best visa options in your specific circumstances.
To discuss using L visas for intracompany transfers or to start a U.S. branch of a foreign business, call us toll-free at 800-530-7444 or contact us online.
L-1A Visas and L-1B Visas: Different Requirements
The L-1A visa is an intracompany transfer visa for foreign nationals who are executives or managers of U.S.-based companies. The L-1A is also available for foreign nationals who own foreign businesses and wish to open a branch in the United States.
The initial time limit for an L-1A for an executive or manager is three years, extendable to five years in total. The initial time limit for an L-1A visa for a foreign business owner is one year, also extendable to five years.
The L-1A category does not require a PERM labor certification in order to pursue a green card.
The L-1B visa is an intracompany transfer visa for "specialized knowledge professionals" who are foreign national employees of a U.S. company. The purpose of the L-1B visa is to allow the U.S. company to bring the employee to the United States to perform his or her specialized work. The L-1B visa is also available to "specialized knowledge workers" of foreign companies that do not yet have a United States branch. In these circumstances, the L-1B visa allows the company to send the specialized knowledge worker to the United States in order to set up a new branch of the foreign business.
This sub-category of the L-1 visa requires a PERM labor certification by the U.S. Department of Labor in order to pursue the green card.
Contact Us for More Information About L-1 Visas and Intracompany Transfers
To contact a Massachusetts immigration lawyer at our law office in Worcester, call 508-791-9400 or contact us toll-free at 800-530-7444. You may also contact us by e-mail.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Intellectual property rights that exist in the era of social media call-out. Rita Anwiri Chindah reports
In an era of technology, fourth industrial revolution (4IR) and digitization, it's been said that the internet has given users a voice so much so that geographical location is not a hinderance for communication, networking and building empires.
Intellectual property is seen as the bedrock of every industry and its importance in the digital era can not be overemphasize but this is saddled with ease of reproduction of intellectual property with little or no respect to inspiration or outright copying of creative and or inventive elements of a business.
Boundaries between a variety of intellectual property (IP) protection regimes are blurry from Industrial designs may intertwine with trademark and copyright protection; software may fall under copyright, but also under the patent regime[1] depending on the territory. Disputes are also bound to arise in any relationship especially in the digital space where anonymity is the order of the day; it has now become a growing trend for intellectual property owners to run to the "public court" of the internet to seek for justice and enforce their intellectual property right than seek legal counsel from their lawyer.
This articles seeks to shed light on intellectual property rights that exist in the digital and reason why intellectual property owners, especially in Nigeria, would prefer a social media call out over opting to settle intellectual property related dispute via litigation (court, in this case the Federal High Court) or explore alternative dispute resolution mechanism such as mediation, arbitration, or negation.
What is intellectual property
The long and short of an intellectual property is: it is an intangible asset in the form of creative and innovative elements which gives the owner exclusive right to commercially explore and exploit, legal backing and territorial protection as a trademark (name, word, logo, sign, symbols, smell, colour), copyright (literary and artistic work), patent (new invention that cures defect in the society), trade secret (confidential information that gives one company an edge over the other), design rights (visual appearance of a product and the combination of colours) and the unpopular ones which are plant variety (new plants and seeds) and geographical indication (unique origin and characteristic of product).
Intellectual property rights that exist in the digital space
Thanks to the internet and industrial revolution, the internet has made it easy for users to be able to access and interact with different intangible works online which has given several users a mode to reproduce these works because it is available in the public domain or even help in distributing the intangible work to the public.
This has introduced new disputes as a result of new technology and digitalization of intangible assets which include plagiarism, distribution of counterfeit goods via e-commerce platforms through third party sellers and retail stores, unauthorized use of a brands name, logo, unauthorised use of an author, artiste or celebrity name, image & likeness, illegal downloading of songs, movies, pictures, cybersquatting and control of intangible assets in the digital space that are sometimes localized or turns out to be cross border dispute.
Social media call-out
Over the last 10 years social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and now Clubhouse, has been utilized by aggrieved intellectual property owners who, for one reason or the other, feel that the best way to resolve infringement of intellectual property rights is by going to the social media. The author is of the view that the following are the reason why social media is the first point of call for most intellectual property owners:
Lack of existing contract
Lack of intellectual property knowledge as it affects their industry
No proper intellectual structure in the industry
Clout aka cry wolf
An avenue for bloggers to get their headline stories
Lack of faith in the judiciary/court system
A typical case of David v Goliath
Greed, sympathy, and sentiments from the public
Social media call-outs are not peculiar to Nigeria, here is an example:
1. The Living in bondage: Breaking free case where a designer's (@Louisajlo) work was featured in the sequel of the movie without her knowledge and through a social media call out was paid for the work she had done.
Issues that may arise from social media call out:
Damage to the reputation of the person or brand
Infringement of right to privacy
Cyberbullying and stalking
Potential law suit
Exploitation of the gap in the laws of the land
Conclusion and recommendation
The beauty and importance of the internet should not be taken in bad faith, while I understand the need for intellectual property to act out social media call out is not the best mode for resolving intellectual property dispute despite the success rate of few of the cases that have made it online. The writer is recommending the following:
A review of the intellectual property law in the various jurisdiction to be fit for purpose;
The need for a small claims court to be able to tackle dispute that would have spent years to be resolved in court;
A tailored intellectual property policy for the various industries that interplays with intellectual property;
Every creator and innovation should learn about the business aspect of the industry that interplays with intellectual property;
Have a little faith in the judiciary or explore alternative dispute resolution mechanism such as mediation, arbitration and or negotiation;
The internet is meant to bring us closer to people, aid in networking and connection, take a deep breath before making that post.
[1] EU Copyright Directive: Articles of Concern to Brand Owners – International Trademark Association (inta.org) accessed 17th December 2021 at 17:36 pm WAT
| MORE NEWS | | WRITE FOR OUR NEWSLETTER |


text:
Mount Macey ist ein isolierter und  (nach australischen Angaben ) hoher Berg im ostantarktischen Mac-Robertson-Land. Er ragt 25 km südöstlich der Stinear-Nunatakker auf.

Eine vom australischen Geodäten und Kartografen Robert George Dovers (1921–1981) geführte Mannschaft sichtete ihn 1954 im Rahmen der Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions. Das Antarctic Names Committee of Australia benannte ihn nach Louis Edward Macey (1911–1986), technischer Leiter der Mawson-Station im Jahr 1954.

Weblinks
  (englisch)
 Mount Macey auf geographic.org (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Mac-Robertson-Land

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Avdshare Video Converter is just the best MXF to Windows converter recommended by most of users. Avdshare Video Converter can convert all MXF to all versions of Windows or Windows Media Player supported WMV, AVI, MPG, ASF or other supported video formats.
What do you think about MXF Converter?


Shark Key Spectacular, Unspoiled and Private…Open Water Island Lot with Incomparable Sunrises. The stunning water vistas provide a timeless backdrop to Build your Signature Estate on this 12,867 square foot(+-). Shark Key is a gated community, minutes from Key West that boasts two miles of shoreline, lush foliage, sparkling lagoons and some of the most exquisite waterfront homes. Enjoy the luxury of Shark Key's Caribbean Island Ambiance and it's amenities: Inland Swimming Lagoon & Beach, Two Tennis courts and Club House for your enjoyment. Please contact Joanne Allen for information.


Breakfast at leisure before heading to the Nyungwe Forest on an easy 260 Kms transit. Attractions along the way include the National Museum of Butare and the Genocide Memorial of Murambi. After lunch in Butare, your Rwanda tour gets you to the Gisakura Guest House for dinner and overnight.
An early start in this equatorial forest teeming with wildlife yields colonies of the Black and White Colubus and the habituated colonies of Golden Monkeys. After the morning forest safari, we return for lunch and have the evening at leisure before dinner and overnight at the Gisakura Guest House.
A very early morning start for the Rwanda Chimpanzee tour. The guides will be tracking a troop of habituated Chimps. We return for lunch then take a leisurely four hour drive through some magnificent scenery on the way to Bethanie Guest House.? Meals and overnight will be had here.
The Rwanda Gorillas in the mist tour starts this day by driving up the Volcanoes headed for Kinigi on winding roads. Have lunch in Gisenyi before driving through some beautiful scenic points before heading up into the Volcanoes for dinner and overnight at the Mountain Gorillas Nest Lodge for dinner and overnight.
Morning breakfast before assembling at the Park offices for registration. The Gorillas in the mist tour starts here after a briefing by the Ranger Guides. Later, the gorilla tour which involves some strenuous trekking takes another couple of hours before a gorilla group is finally encountered. The Gorillas will be viewed for approximately one hour before heading back to the Hotel for lunch. Evening is free to explore the nearby villages on foot or by safari vehicle before returning for dinner and overnight at the Mountain Gorillas Nest Lodge.
This morning, the guides will be ready to start early for the Full day visit to the Karisoke Research Centre established by the famous Dr Dian Fossey. The Movie Gorillas in the Mist was shot here on Location and Graves of Dian Fossey together with her once beloved? Mountain Gorillas can be visited here. Return in the evening for dinner and overnight at the Mountain gorillas Nest Lodge.
Depending on the departure time of your flight, you will descend from the Gorilla Mountain to Kigali on a nice winding road taking approximately two hours to the airport for your flight out marking the end of the Gorillas in the Mist tour to Rwanda.
-Dian Fossey and karisoke research centre tour.
But excludes Personal expenses like beverages, communication, laundry, tips, shopping, Travel Insurance cover, meals not listed above, and airfare to and from Rwanda, tourist visas, extra Rwanda tours not indicated above.


It's always been a complicated relationship. Politicians rely on scientists to provide them with accurate advice they can use to make important decisions about the lives we all lead. But keeping politicians up to date with science, as parliament's scientific champion Andrew Miller admits, is "permanently difficult". And ministers often decide to ignore the advice they receive altogether.
Each department has a chief scientific officer. Miller, as chair of the Commons' science and technology committee, talks to all of them. "With a few exceptions, the relationships are moving in the right direction," he says. "There have been some exceptions where the way in which scientific advice has been sought and delivered has been tantamount to saying, 'here's the answer, now give me the question'. That comes from people who don't understand how proper scientific decisions are determined."
Politics is often to blame for the disconnect between science and policy. Take fracking, one of the most controversial new ideas to emerge in this parliament. The arguments against extracting shale gas were all about earthquakes for a long time, even though the risks of a serious tremor are minimal. "I stepped in and got a few people from the Geological Society to start talking about more accurate perception of the capabilities and the engineering involved," Miller says. "Which has helped." Now the most powerful arguments against fracking are about climate change.
The chief villain pointed out by Miller is Owen Paterson, the environment secretary, whose use of science in the badger cull debate has been highly questionable. "As much as I am a supporter of the anti-cull side of the argument, I don't try and argue that is the science says so. The science is unfortunately very equivocal.
"If you look on Owen Paterson's website, he claims he's an expert on bovine TB. He is not. He can rabbit on about it but he can't answer the scientific challenge because there isn't a direct answer. The direct answer is there's a lot more questions."
Miller remembers a press conference in which Paterson put public pressure on Defra's chief scientist Professor Ian Boyd. The environment secretary put Boyd "in an impossible position by spouting off about the badger cull and the turning to Ian for him to make a comment", Miller complains. What he should have done was give Boyd "the freedom to say 'I've given the minister the policy options, based upon the science that's there and the decision is a policy one the minister must make'."
Not all ministers are bad at this. Previous home secretaries have got into a lot of trouble with scientists – think of David Nutt's rows with New Labour home secretaries over drugs policy. But the current holder of the job, Theresa May, actually gets a lot of praise from Miller over her handling of the decision to ban khat.
May's decision was subsequently slammed by MPs for not being based on evidence of medical or social harm. But Miller doesn't mind because she avoided trying to use scientific advice to back up her decision. "She wrote a brilliant letter to the advisory committee on misuse of drugs - that was exactly the way a minister should behave.
"She set out in that letter her thinking, saying thanks for the scientific advice she's received. Then she goes on to say… why she is not acting on the scientific advice.
"The scientific advice is about the health to you as a user. So Theresa's rejection is based upon two factors: the perceived behaviour in populations where the use of khat is prevalent, and a judgement on international relationships because a number of our key partners are a little bit pissed off that we allow khat to be freely transported around."
Miller's own job, trying his hardest to promote science and scientific thinking to MPs, has had a tortuous evolution. Government departments didn't have chief scientists until the first one appointed in Harold Wilson's government. And it wasn't until the 1980s that a group of MPs went to Margaret Thatcher and asked her for cash to set up an Office of Science and Technology. She said there wasn't any cash available, so the MPs went elsewhere and raised the money.
The result, the Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, was brought in-house in the early 90s. Now, young post-docs taken from their speciality work via three-month secondments produce research work for MPs, keeping them informed as best as they can with peer-reviewed work.
"Sometimes people are a tad surprised at the degree of understanding. Nevertheless, there are weaknesses." He points to the number of MPs who were guilty of "pandering to the nonsense that Andrew Wakefield produced" warning about the dangers of the MMR jab. "Parliament very nearly went into an anti-MMR vein, which would have been a disaster.
"We see this regularly. We're seeing it now – the debate on GM foods, badgers, nuclear power, fracking, on managing floods, you name it – there are some interesting interpretations of what is achievable by science. Because even though there is a lot happening here in our system, way beyond that available to our colleagues in other countries, it's not enough."
The international reference is significant. Miller might be worried about the levels of understand here, but at least we're not as bad as the US. "About ten per cent of the House have at some stage in their career worked in a stem discipline. Now that may not be huge, but I used to tease my American friends by saying that's ten per cent more than they have. Their figures have moved up in the right direction by one… when they elected their first ever particle physicist."
Miller blames coalition governments for producing a "particularly weak" crop of ministers and even goes so far as to recommend some basic lessons in scientific methodology for new arrivals in government departments. Most strikingly of all, though, he thinks it's MPs who need educating the most. "There is a greater need than there ever was for a more scientifically literate group of policymakers," he warns. While he spends most of his time criticising the politicians, he has a message for scientists too.
"Make it part of your job to go and knock on the door of your own MP and explain to them the importance of the research you're undertaking," he tells them. MPs will be happy to take the time to listen, he assures them. "Compared to most of our surgeries, a bit of science would be a breath of fresh air."


Cote de Arcadins, Haiti June 8, 2017 – Over 100 speakers, including representatives from tech powerhouses such as Airbnb, Facebook, Google and Uber joined more than 450 attendees in the first Haiti Tech Summit hosted for two days on the country's western region this week.
The summit was the brainchild of Haiti-American tech entrepreneur Christine Souffrant Ntim who developed a mobile app to help tourists find street vendors. Keynote speaker on the opening night was Ben Horowitz of Andreesen Horowitz while Haiti's President, Jovonel Moise and former Prime Minister Michele Pierre-Louis also addressed guests. Panels at the summit covered entrepreneurship, branding and developing smart cities.


text:
import logging
import os
from itertools import chain
from cached_property import cached_property

from .gff_io import (
    sort_gff,
    write_gff_cluster
)
from .vcf_io import write_vcf

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

class SampleNameMixin(object):
    """Provide a sample name property."""

    @cached_property
    def sample_name(self):
        """Return sample name if passed in manually, else guess sample name from input file."""
        if not self._sample_name:
            basename = os.path.basename(self.input_path)
            if '.' in basename:
                basename = basename.rsplit('.', 1)[0]
            return basename
        else:
            return self._sample_name

class ToOutput(object):
    """Provides logic for writing clusters and softclip clusters."""

    def to_output(self, output_path, write_func, sort_func):
        """Write clusters as GFF file."""
        logger.info("Writing clusters of GFF (%s)", self.region or 0)
        if output_path:
            if hasattr(self, 'softclip_finder'):
                clusters = chain(self.clusters, self.softclip_finder.clusters)
            else:
                clusters = self.clusters
            write_func(clusters=clusters,
                       header=self.header,
                       output_path=output_path,
                       sample_name=self.sample_name,
                       threads=self.threads)
            if self.threads < 2:
                sort_func(input_path=output_path, output_path=output_path)

class ToGffMixin(ToOutput):
    """Provide a `to_gff` function."""

    def to_gff(self, output_path):
        """Write clusters as GFF file."""
        self.to_output(output_path, write_func=write_gff_cluster, sort_func=sort_gff)

class ToVcfMixin(ToOutput):
    """Provide a `to_vcf` function."""

    def to_vcf(self, output_path):
        """Write clusters as VCF file."""
        self.to_output(output_path=output_path, write_func=write_vcf, sort_func=sort_gff)


Conventional wisdom says to never read the comment sections, but that's where Trump supporters were begging to be heard throughout the campaign.
Engineers take millimeter-wave wireless into the wilds of southern Virginia.
Finally, the warrants and affidavits related to the FBI's use of malware on TorMail have been unsealed.
The coordinated international law enforcement effort isn't as much a wide crackdown as it is a series of warning shots.
The ballot measures will circumvent a state law banning cities from competing with Comcast and other big telecom companies.
There's no evidence that dark web 'hitman' services have ever resulted in anyone being killed, but this case shows some are interested in the business.


text:
'Bows Volleyball to open 2022 at the top as defending National Champions are selected No. 1 in AVCA preseason coaches poll
by: Colt Almodova, Special to KHON2 Sports
University of Hawai'i celebrates 2021 NCAA men's volleyball national championship
The defending national champions Hawai'i men's volleyball team will begin their 2022 season on the top of the polls.
The AVCA announced their Preseason Coaches Poll on Monday with the 'Bows receiving 263 total points and 12 first-place votes, placing them at #1 ahead of UCLA, Pepperdine, and Big West rival Long Beach State.
Last year's national runner-up BYU came in ranked at #6, while last season's Big West Champions UC Santa Barbara slid into the poll ranked at #11.
In May, the UH men's volleyball team claimed their first national title in program history, finishing the year with a 17-1 record. This year, the Rainbow Warriors have one mission – winning back-to-back titles.
"As soon as the last ball dropped last year and we got to the point where we're focusing on this year, the goal was to absolutely get back at having a chance to repeat, and we think we have a real good shot at doing that," Hawaii assistant coach Joshua Walker said.
'Bows Volleyball to open 2022 at the top as defending National Champions are selected No. 1 in AVCA preseason coaches poll https://t.co/J71bROsThk @HawaiiMensVB #HawaiiMVB #GoBows @JWALKUH27 📝 @ColtAlmodova 🤙🏽 pic.twitter.com/4Q9JinpDPQ
— Rob DeMello (@RobDeMelloKHON) December 21, 2021
Last season, the 'Bows finished the year as the nation's leader in team kills, team hitting percentage and team assists, led by AVCA Player of the Year Rado Parapunov and All-Americans Patrick Gasman, Gage Worsley, and Colton Cowell.
However, with the graduation of Parapunov, Gasman, Worsley, and Cowell, head coach Charlie Wade's squad will aim to build off of last season's accomplishments with some fresh faces on the floor.
"We set that standard for the guys that left to leave a legacy for the guys that are currently here," Walker said. "[The current players] want to step up, they absolutely want to make sure that we continue to have the continued success that we've had."
The #1 Rainbow Warriors will open their 2022 season at home against #7 Loyola-Chicago on January 5 at 7:00 p.m in SimpliFi Arena at the Stan Sheriff Center.
Bears could be without 3 coordinators when they host Vikings


Camera IconAriel Clark (2) with her dad, Leading Seaman Rhys Clark.Picture: Ross Swanborough.
AT first, little Ariel Clark — dressed up as a mini-sailor in honour of her dad — wasn't sure if what she was seeing was real.
Her father Leading Seaman Rhys Clark, who has been away at sea in the navy for more than half her life, was right in front of her.
LS Clark, 31, was one of many HMAS Toowoomba sailors to have an emotional reunion with their families yesterday when the warship returned to its home port in Rockingham after a seven-month deployment.
Camera IconThe Royal Australian Navy Anzac class frigate, HMAS Toowoomba.Picture: Ross Swanborough.
And the timing couldn't be better, with LS Clark home just in time for Father's Day today.
"Ariel is two in about two weeks. So out of that two years, I've been gone for more than a year so it's a little bit daunting to see the changes in her that have occurred over the last seven months," he said.
Camera IconCommander Mitchell Livingstone with his wife Chelsea and children Fletcher (3) and Harrison (2).Picture: Ross Swanborough.
Camera IconLeading Seaman Marine Technical Shawn Gordon with Sara, Zavier and Jeddy.Picture: Ross Swanborough.
LS Clark, who has been in the navy for nine years, said the hardest part about being away at sea was missing family, but a quick four-day furlough at home 41/2 months ago had resulted in him and his wife Simone expecting their second child.
"It's (family) really the only thing you think about when you're away. We get to go to a whole bunch of different places and the whole time I'm sitting there going I wish I just at home," he said.
Camera IconRebecca Birch (3) waits for Petty Officer Lauren Birch to arrive.Picture: Ross Swanborough.
Camera IconHMAS Toowoomba returns to Garden Island.Picture: Ross Swanborough.


Learn about the unique charm of Arcueil with a stay in a private vacation home. Well-liked for its university setting, coffeehouses and shopping, this city is both walkable and welcoming. Paris Catacombs and Eiffel Tower are just a couple of the must-sees in the area. A vacation rental can help make your stay complete—many rentals come with a full kitchen and laundry facilities.
Fly into Paris (ORY-Orly), the closest airport, located 5.5 mi (8.9 km) from the city center. If you can't find a flight that's convenient for your trip, you might consider flying into Paris (CDG-Roissy-Charles de Gaulle), which is 17.4 mi (28.1 km) away.
If you're traveling by train, you can make your way to Arcueil Lapace Station.
Where to stay around Arcueil?
Our 2019 accommodation listings offer a large selection of 4,913 holiday lettings near Arcueil. From 302 Houses to 9 Bungalows, find unique self catering accommodation for you to enjoy a memorable stay with your family and friends. The best place to stay near Arcueil for a long holiday or a weekend break is on HomeAway.
What is the best area to stay when travelling to Arcueil?
Can I rent Houses in Arcueil?
Can I find a holiday accommodation with pool in Arcueil?
Yes, you can select your preferred holiday accommodation with pool among our 135 holiday homes with pool available in Arcueil. Please use our search bar to access the selection of holiday rentals available.


text:
CODE autonomy engine installed and demoed on Avenger UAS
EMMA HELFRICH, ASSOCIATE EDITOR
General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) conducted an autonomous flight using a government-supplied Collaborative Operations in Denied Environment (CODE) autonomy engine to support air-to-air targeting missions. The CODE autonomy engine was installed on a GA-ASI Avenger Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS).
Army Using Digital Twins to Breathe new Life into Aging Helicopter Fleet
AVIATION MAINTENANCE MAGAZINE
The Army is turning to "digital-twin" technology to resolve challenges and boost efficiencies for its enduring fleet of Black Hawk helicopters.
Mercury Systems announces it will acquire Physical Optics Corp.
Mercury Systems has signed a definitive agreement to acquire Physical Optics Corp. of Torrance, California, a company that designs, develops, and integrates advanced technologies that are focused mainly on avionics and mission subsystems for the defense market.
In-flight, self-adjusting turbine engines being researched by Army
The U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM) announced that a team of U.S. Army and academic researchers have developed a novel design to automatically adjust aircraft rotor blade positions while already in-flight, a tactic intended to improve turbine engine performance.
SOSA-aligned, multifunction processor to equip military aircraft
Abaco Systems announced that it has won orders from a major U.S. prime contractor to deploy the company's single board computer and avionics solutions as part of a next-generation, Sensor Open Systems Architecture (SOSA)-aligned, 3U VPX embedded computer system for advanced electronic warfare (EW), signals intelligence (SIGINT), and intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) applications.
A Very Important Attribute
FAA Administrator Steve Dixon announced on November 18, 2020, as we were going to press, that he was rescinding the order that grounded the Boeing 737 MAX aircraft 616 days after it was taken from the skies. What a long, strange trip it has been.
AI and computer-vision software capable of deployment in safety-critical environments launched by CoreAVI
Core Avionics & Industrial (CoreAVI) has launched what it calls its "Safe AI and Computer Vision solution" that uses its newest product, VkCoreVX SC, a safety-critical implementation of the Khronos Group's OpenVX1.3 API.
Modernized E-99 jet delivered to Brazilian Air Force under Embraer contract
Embraer delivered the first modernized EMB 145 Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW&C), designated E-99, to the Brazilian Air Force (FAB). According to the company, four additional E-99 aircraft will be modernized as part of the contract.
Open-architecture visual display system from Collins Aerospace gets nod from several training programs
Collins Aerospace Systems (a unit of Raytheon Technologies) has received several orders for its updated visual display system (VDS), the Griffin-2, from two undisclosed fast-jet programs in the Asia-Pacific region.
Magnetic anomaly sensor system to equip MH-60R helicopters
CAE announced it has won a subcontract by Lockheed Martin to supply the CAE Magnetic Anomaly Detection-Extended Role (MAD-XR) system for U.S. Navy MH-60R Seahawk helicopters.
VME: No time to die, again
ROBERT PERSONS, SMART EMBEDDED COMPUTING
The death of VMEbus – a technology used so heavily in military and aerospace applications – has, like the death of Agent 007, been predicted many times for many years, but all those premature death reports have never come to pass. Why?
F-22 Identification Friend-or-Foe capability receives certification
BAE Systems has received certification for its Identification Friend-or-Foe (IFF) transponder for the F-22 Raptor from the Department of Defense AIMS program office.
INTEGRITY-178 tuMP RTOS selected by Army for Improved Data Modem program
Green Hills Software, company specializing in high-assurance operating systems, announced that its INTEGRITY-178 Time-Variant Unified Multi-Processing (tuMP) RTOS was selected by the U.S. Army for the operating system upgrade to the Improved Data Modem (IDM-401) program.
Paris Air Show Cancelled for 2021
The organizers of the Paris Air show have announced that in light of the uncertainty linked to the current COVID-19 health crisis, the 2021 Paris Air Show has been cancelled. The event was scheduled to take place from 21 to 27 June 2021.
How to Deploy AI Datacenters in Planes, Trains, Ships and Automobiles
CURTISS-WRIGHT
John Cox at PureB2B discusses bringing the power of AI to the field with no performance compromises. Technologies such as advanced high-performance computing, storage, and connectivity can be packaged in compact, ruggedized enclosures that fit into planes, trains, ships, tracked vehicles, cars, trucks, and utility trailers.
Accelerating Avionics Design & Testing through FACE Conformance: An Integrated Model by Boeing, US Army & Aerospace Leaders
Sponsored by: AdaCore, Boeing, Core AVI, Devcom, Presagis, RTI


text:
Ex-Soldier Threatens To Sue Canadian Prime Minister After Awarding Millions To Former Guantanamo Prisoner
By Taylor McAdams - July 10, 2017
This past Friday, the Canadian Government formally apologized to Omar Khadr. Khadr was the only Canadian imprisoned at the United States military base at Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, and was allegedly abused as a former child soldier.
"On behalf of the government of Canada, we wish to apologize to Mr. Khadr for any role Canadian officials played in relation to his ordeal abroad and any resulting harm," the government said in its apology. "We hope that this expression, and the negotiated settlement, will assist him in his efforts to begin a new and hopeful chapter in his life."
This settlement was actually a paid compensation with the astonishing amount of $8 million.
A Special Forces soldier called Layne Morris was blinded in attack by the Guantanamo detainee. Morris was eternally scarred and another soldier was killed when the then 15-year-old Omar Khadr threw a bomb their way in 2002. Khadr was captured, and the teen spent the next ten years in Guantanamo Bay where he was tortured and interrogated.
Now, he is being heftily compensated by the Canadian government, and so Morris is calling upon justice to take place – he wants Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to be sued for the compensation made behind closed door.
Hearing of the news, Morris contacted the press, saying they felt "like a punch in the face." Elaborating, he explained: "We didn't understand the deal but we didn't think that the government would do a behind-the-scenes move like that."
Morris, a 55-year-old special forces sergeant, complained about the "dirty deal" the Canadian government made, saying they avoided American court by shushing Khadr with cold hard cash. The Special Forces soldier said he doesn't understand why the government would pay out to "the enemy".
"As a general rule… you keep money out of the hands of people who build bombs or would throw hand grenades at our soldiers," said Morris.
Khadr was taken to Afghanistan by his father, a senior Al Qaeda member, in the late 1990's. Made an apprentice to a group of bomb makers, Khadr claims to never really being given the option to lead a different life. Backed up by human rights groups and an army of lawyers, Khadr's military trial drew much criticism towards the Canadian government, claiming that since he was captured at the young age of 15 and groomed to be child soldier, he should have been sent home for rehabilitation.
"When you grow up in an environment where these things are normal, you just do them, you don't think about the morality, you don't think about the rights and wrongs," he told CBC. "I am a different person, but being the young person that I was I could have been easily influenced with any surrounding environment I was in, so it was just unfortunate that I was in this particular [one]."
Khadr had originally sought $16 million from the authorities before the settlement was agreed. He also received an apology along with the cash.
Pilots Spot Unidentified Flying Object in Arizona Desert Skies
Taylor McAdams
Unidentified flying objects have always been a hot topic around the world - perhaps it is due to an ...
How Accurate Was Star Trek In Predicting Modern Medicine?
In 1966, Gene Roddenberry's interstellar adventure series Star Trek burst onto the scene. Five ...
This Woman Survived 6 Major Brain Surgeries And Now Wants To Be A Doctor
It's pretty terrifying being told that you need surgery for anything, let alone being told that you ...


Welcome to our site. If you love to travel as a family, are planning on traveling or just love exploring what this world has to offer then this is a blog for you.
Over the coming months, I will be blogging about our travels (past and future) and maybe just a bit about our life here in Perth, Australia.
Our family consists of myself, my husband, our twin daughters and our Golden Retriever. I lived in London (where my family are from) until 2001 when I moved to the other side of the world to marry David. This is now my home but we all love to travel and our girls, who are now 12, are lucky enough to have experienced some amazing places. I currently work from home and wanted to fill in some spare time so thought a blog would be perfect.
I also love photography, although I'm a complete amateur, so please check out my Instagram feed as well.
That's enough of me for now but please subscribe to my blog for updates and pop by Instagram or Facebook and say hello.


text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<TITLE>
Class Hierarchy
</TITLE>

<META NAME="date" CONTENT="2009-07-09">

<LINK REL ="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="stylesheet.css" TITLE="Style">

      Package
      Class
    Tree
      Deprecated
      Index
      Help

 PREV
 NEXT

  FRAMES
 NO FRAMES

  All Classes

Hierarchy For All Packages

Package Hierarchies:
jnicli

Class Hierarchy

java.lang.Object

jnicli.DatabaseJNI (implements jnicli.Database)

jnicli.DatabaseSessionClient (implements jnicli.Database)

jnicli.DatabaseSessionServer (implements jnicli.DatabaseSession)

jnicli.PrefetchedCursor (implements jnicli.Cursor, java.io.Serializable)

java.lang.Throwable (implements java.io.Serializable)

java.lang.Exception

java.lang.RuntimeException

jnicli.CliException

Interface Hierarchy

jnicli.Cursor
jnicli.Database
jnicli.DatabaseSession

      Package
      Class
    Tree
      Deprecated
      Index
      Help

 PREV
 NEXT

  FRAMES
 NO FRAMES

  All Classes


text:
Uniform-Ensemble for a Privat First Glass
serving in the Pz Gren Rgt Grossdeutschland
The presented ensemble is a one of a kind estate and for sure the center piece of any «panzer collection». The group consists of the visor and the overseas cap, the wrapper, pants, medals, documents, the dog tag, two additional cuff titles, four Shoulderboards, a absolutely mint panzer-tab with skull and two buttons and a pink pipped collar tab.
The visor, wrapper and the picture of the owner are published in the famous reference book
«Uniforms and Insignia of the Grossdeutschland Division» Volume 2 from Scott Pritchett
The Panzer Feldjacke is the first model and of a very good woll quality. The closure like observed on the later wrappers is not present. The owner has made (or more likely let made from a tailor) an additional button-hole for the band of the EK II. Concerning specials in general, it looks like that the ownder was a vain Soldier and has modified his walking out Tunic with the Grossdeutschland-Cuff-Title in officer quality and has chanced the generic Panzer-Skulls to SS-Skulls. Due to the portrait-photo, this was made period and was also confirmed by the veteran. The Wrapper it self is a mid size and made from Manufacturer G. Assmann with a depot-stamp from Erfurt 1935 (Halle). The collar is pipped in pink. There are two loops for medals and one for a bar (Ostmedaille). The eagle to the right breast is the second type and hand applied. The shoulder boards are the slip-on types and the later War types with the rayon-piping and machine applied GD-insignias. Pants are dated 1943 and are the issued type with no modifications.
The Visor is also modified and shows a SS-eagle instead of the generic Heer-style-eagle. Inside is a burn hole. According to the Soldier, he laid the visor once too long on a floor lamp. Manufacturer is no longer visible because of the removed diamond tac. (Maybe one of you can tell it). All over in very nice, light used condition.
According to the manufactuerer stamp, this is a 1940 dated Robert Lubstein (EREL) overseas cap in size 58. The soutache had been removed from the owner and it is the only (cloth-) part of this fantastic group, that he had with him at the front. He didn't liked it very much due to inconvenient waring in the tank with the headphones, so it is also in a very nice condition. The black woll is the early good quality type. Cockarde is machine sewn, the national eagle by hand. He sewed the two lapels to the cap with black thread and a fixing pin for a better look.
With the group are three cuff titles in total. The officer style cuff title is hand sewn to the tunic. It is well used and at the backside of the cuff roughened. The second one is a very rare and only a short time introduced NCO-cuff title that was mounted on the tunic before the officer one. It is in very nice condition and in style and workmanship nearly identical to the mounted one. Both features the typical sütterlin font, formed with the silver thread in a very fine quality. The third one is the type, used on the parade-dress-uniform and is also tunic removed. According to the veteran, he served a view weeks in Berlin and had an assignment for a big Military-Parade. There he wore this parade-dress-uniform and removed after the present cuff title.
The shoulderboards are the later War type and in nearly mint condition. There is one pair in dark green for Panzerjäger, and two in black for Panzerpersonel, one for a soldier and one for an NCO. He first served in the GD-Panzerjägerbatallion and later he transfered to the Panzertroops (Panzer IV) in the GD-Regiment. Panzer tab is mint, also the collar tab. Both with very fine constructiondetails. The buttons are from his GD-Tunic. Unfortunately this one didn't survived the War.
With the group are several documents in used condition. First his certificate for the Sturmabzeichen. Then the certificate for the Winterschlacht im Osten Medaille. He received also the EK II but this certificate is missing. Also missing (but known that he had it also after the War) is his Soldbuch. With the group are two Schiessbüchlein, some Urlaubsscheine and his medical certificate. A Postcard from the GD-Division where the veteran has told, that he is on it. As a suplement, the GD-Division-Magazine "Die Feuerwehr" is also with the group. (Please note, due to privacy, the name on all documents are deleted on the pictures).


Cotton Flannel Strap With Handy Plastic Handles.
A cotton flannel strap with handles that is used to reach awkward places e.g back and legs. It has coarse foam on one side to use as a skin toner.
Bought for an elderly aunt to enable her to reach her back during a shower thereby releasing her from waiting for help before showering. She used it straight away but felt it could have been a little wider.


HippSpace: Happy St Patrick's Day!
~You can't kiss an Irish girl unexpectedly.
You can only kiss her sooner than she thought you would.
oh what a beautiful baby girl with the green bow in her hair!!!! What a handsome big boy all smiles and coos. Grammie will be there for your bday Miss Georgia and we will find time to play and hug. It looks cool up there based on what you're wearing but I'm glad to see you were able to practice your bubble blowing!!! Hugs!!!!Your mommy is a fantastic photographer!!


text:
Fresno State singled out as one of nation's most green universities
Home|PRESS RELEASES|Fresno State singled out as one of nation's most green universities
Fresno State is one of the 332 most environmentally responsible colleges in the U.S. and Canada, according to The Princeton Review. The education services company known for its test prep programs and college rankings, ratings and guidebooks profiled Fresno State in the fifth annual edition of its free downloadable book, "The Princeton Review's Guide to 332 Green Colleges."
This is the third consecutive year Fresno State has been included in the publication.
The Princeton Review chose the schools for this guide based on a survey it conducted in 2013 of administrators at hundreds of four-year colleges to measure the schools' commitment to the environment and sustainability. The institutional survey included questions on the schools' course offerings, campus infrastructure, activities and career preparation.
This report comes one week after Fresno State's announcement of a Water Conservation Plan aimed at reducing campus water usage by 20 percent — or 59.8 million gallons — in the next year. The university also announced last week that is will be installing on-campus electric vehicle charging stations, scheduled to open in September 2015.
The Princeton Review publishes its guide to green colleges April 17, a few days before the April 22 celebration of Earth Day. The 216-page guide is the only free comprehensive resource of its kind and was created in partnership with the Center for Green Schools (www.usgbc.org) at the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC).
The school profiles in the guide feature essential information for applicants — facts and stats on school demographics, admission and financial aid — plus write-ups on the schools' sustainability initiatives. A "Green Facts" sidebar reports on a wide range of topics from the schools' use of renewable energy sources, recycling and conservation programs to the availability of environmental studies and career guidance for green jobs.
"We are pleased to recommend Fresno State to the many students seeking colleges that practice and promote environmentally-responsible choices and practices," said Rob Franek, senior vice president and publisher of The Princeton Review."
Franek noted his company's recent survey findings indicating significant interest among college applicants in attending "green" colleges. "Among 10,116 college applicants who participated in our 2014 'College Hopes & Worries Survey,' 61 percent said having information about a school's commitment to the environment would influence their decision to apply to or attend the school."
Rachel Gutter, director of the Center for Green Schools at the U.S. Green Building Council, said, "In collaborating with The Princeton Review on this annual guide, we have seen that sustainability on campuses continues to be an important deciding factor for today's four-year college bound students. We are excited to once again provide prospective students and their parents with a resource to help them navigate this often daunting decision-making process."
For more information, contact Jeanne Krier from The Princeton Review at 212.539.1350 or pressoffice@review.com.
Guide to Green Colleges
Center for Green Schools
By Kathleen Schock|April 17th, 2014|Categories: PRESS RELEASES|Tags: awards and recognition, community, green|0 Comments on "Fresno State singled out as one of nation's most green universities" 0 Comments


Before applying for any STEPABROAD program, you must accept the following program Terms & Conditions, Cancellation and Refund Policy. If you have any questions about these documents, please contact STEPABROAD at info@stepabroad.com.
I agree to act ethically and lawfully at all times while I am a participant on STEPABROAD programs. I know of no reason why I may be refused a work authorization or entry into the destination country. I declare that the statements on my application are true and that any false declaration on my part may result in forfeiture of my place on STEPABROAD programs with no entitlement to any refund of program price or any consequent expenditure. I have read and understood the aforementioned Consent, Terms and Conditions, Cancellation and Refund Policy and I agree to be bound by them.


text:
NEW Appellate Opinion Analyzing Penal Code section 1473.7
On July 2, 2019, the California Court of Appeal certified for publication a new appellate opinion analyzing issues pertaining to Penal Code section 1473.7.
In 2012 the defendant in People v. Min Chang Chen, out of the Superior Court of Napa County, pled guilty to violating Health and Safety Code section 11358, cultivating marijuana. Ms. Chen is now facing immigration consequences as a result of this conviction and sought relief pursuant to Penal Code section 1473.7. The trial court denied her motion and Ms. Chen appealed.
The Court of Appeal upheld the trial court's denial of Ms. Chen's Penal Code section 1473.7 motion arguing that it cannot conclude on this record that Mr. Chen's trial counsel failed to provide her with the ability to meaningfully understand the consequences of her plea and, in any event, she cannot prevail because she cannot establish prejudice.
According to the record, on the date of her plea Ms. Chen signed a waiver form advising her that her plea "could result" in deportation, exclusion from admission to this country, or denial of naturalization. According to Ms. Chen's declaration attached to her motion, she stated that her lawyer did not mention or discuss the immigration consequences of her plea and she was not aware that by entering the plea she would be subject to deportation and removal and not being allowed back in America. The prosecution opposed her motion and included a declaration from the district attorney handling the matter at the time of the plea indicating that he would not have agreed to any lesser charges.
At the hearing on the motion the prosecutor called Ms. Chen's trial counsel who testified that he knew Ms. Chen was a permanent legal resident and he attempted to negotiate a disposition that would be less harmful to Ms. Chen.
The court of appeal states that on this record they cannot conclude that Ms. Chen's trial counsel failed to provide her the ability to meaningfully understand the consequences of her plea. According to the court of appeal, Ms. Chen was advised that the single felony would have the potential to cause her removal and she would not be allowed to come back. The court of appeal states that this "clearly imparts a risk of deportation" and provided her with notice and the ability to more fully explore the immigration impact of her plea. The court of appeal further stated that they are "unwilling to require counsel to state deportation will be certain because it may not be accurate advice, even in cases where an offense qualifies for mandatory deportation under federal law." The court of appeal ultimately determined that based on counsel's efforts in this case, they do not find that counsel erred.
The court of appeal went on to state that even if a court would conclude that counsel erred, Ms. Chen cannot prevail because she cannot establish prejudice. According to the court of appeal, Ms. Chen presented insufficient evidence that she would have rejected the plea and proceeded to trial had counsel been more explicit about its immigration consequences. The court of appeal stated that it was unlikely she would have obtained an acquittal or an alternative plea and there was no evidence to corroborate her assertion in her declaration that the immigration consequences were of primary importance to her at the time of her plea. Further, the court determined that Ms. Chen's unsupported self-serving statements in her declaration are insufficient to meet her burden of proof. Thus, the court of appeal upheld the denial.


text:
We need a vote
Morning Briefings
Morning Briefing: Tom Watson to make dramatic call for Labour to back People's Vote ahead of election
Boris Johnson's chief apparatchik Dominic Cummings deigned to pop out of his London townhouse yesterday morning to tell reporters they should "get out of London and go to talk to people who are not rich Remainers."
Well we don't need to get out of London because we're already rooted in communities right across the country. Throughout the summer, our campaign has been holding our Let Us Be Heard rallies which have been standing room only from Edinburgh to Cheltenham, Sunderland to Birmingham. Every weekend, an army of unpaid volunteers from all walks of life give up their time to take to the streets of towns and villages. And all the time we're making the case for a democratic final say referendum so that the people - rich and poor, young and old - can solve the Brexit crisis. That's because we know that while the likes of Johnson and Cummings will always be alright, it is the people who will pay the price for their Brexit games.
Our next rally is on Friday in Newport and the day after that Belfast will raise the roof for a People's Vote. Get your free tickets to give full-throated support and Let Us Be Heard.
Tom Watson declares that a People's Vote should happen before any election
Labour deputy leader Tom Watson will today call on Jeremy Corbyn to help secure a People's Vote before - not after - a general election.
He will echo the view of a growing number of MPs from all parties that an election is no way to settle a crisis like this, before ripping into Boris Johnson for "his naked contempt for democratic institutions – not just the EU, but the UK Parliament, the British constitution, the Conservative party - he's trying to trash them all."
Although Labour's policy on Brexit has moved a long way so that it now backs a final say referendum with an option to stay in all circumstances, it still includes the increasingly far-fetched idea that a Labour government (in the unlikely event that the party could win an outright majority) might try to negotiate its own version of a Deal before holding a referendum.
Watson will say that a Brexit election "might at this moment seem inevitable, but that doesn't make it desirable.
"Boris Johnson has already conceded that the Brexit crisis can only be solved by the British people. But the only way to break the Brexit deadlock once and for all is a public vote in a referendum. A general election might well fail to solve this Brexit chaos."
The speech at Somerset House comes just 24 hours after Corbyn insisted that Labour will back a general election as soon as No Deal is completely off the table, a view backed yesterday by the leaders of Britain's biggest unions.
There was some polling evidence to support the idea that an election is looking increasingly unattractive to Conservatives this morning with a ComRes poll showing that the Conservatives have dropped one point to 30%, Labour up two to 29%, while the Lib Dems drop three points to 17% and the Brexit Party remains static at 13%, with a majority for parties that back a People's Vote.
MPs working on plan to bring in People's Vote to resolve Brexit crisis
A cross-party group of MPs are discussing bringing back a version of the Withdrawal Agreement in the final two weeks of October – but, crucially, with a People's Vote attached, in a bid to block a destructive No Deal.
MPs working behind the scenes on a resolution say more Conservatives and former Conservatives are open to the idea of a People's Vote, bringing a majority ever closer.
With Parliament shutdown until October 14 and no scrutiny on government affairs, MPs don't trust Boris Johnson to deliver a deal with the EU, so are working on different options to avoid crashing out.
The Guardian quoted a former Conservative saying: "There is an element of seeing what the next step is from No 10. A lot would be pretty hesitant about backing a referendum until all other options have been tried. But, more attractive, is a way of bringing a deal back on to the table – a version of what was agreed between May and Corbyn. And then have a confirmatory vote attached to it, or someone amends one on."
The discussions were revealed after Sir Oliver Letwin MP, who has never previously backed a People's Vote, told the BBC's Today programme on Tuesday: "If [Boris Johnson] can't get a deal that he can bring to the House of Commons and get a majority for, there's another option of course, which is to bring back a deal and ensure a majority for it by attaching it to a referendum."
MPs who have been locked out of working at Parliament are seeing that a People's Vote gives them the chance to end the political chaos.
Student campaigns for a People's Vote set to spark wave of campus activism
A wave of student activism is predicted on campuses around the country for a People's Vote and against Brexit, according to the Guardian.
This term sees the arrival at university of three years worth of students who were too young to vote in the 2016 referendum – and are now fed up with the turmoil around Brexit. It comes as the Government reversed rules kicking international students out of the country after four months - changing Theresa May's restrictive rules to allow them to stay for two years after graduation.
With universities now legally obliged to encourage voter registration, groups such as our own For our Future's Sake (FFS) are mounting massive campaigns during fresher weeks for a People's Vote.
A successful People's Vote rally was held at Edinburgh University Students' Association this week and more rallies and debates are scheduled in the coming weeks as campuses open up.
Andrew Wilson, Edinburgh University Students' Association President and an organiser of the rally, says: "There is a growing anger among young people that they haven't had a say on Brexit. While MPs argue in Westminster it's us who will lose. This is our future."
Richard Brooks, a co-founder of FFS, says it is struggling to keep on top of all the activist events scheduled in UK universities and colleges. "In 2016 it felt like Brexit happened to young people and we should have been more engaged. But polling is showing that young people who didn't get to vote are one of the most exercised groups in terms of Brexit. This generation has had enough of the political chaos."
FFS are planning around 15 events in the next 7 days, including at Bedfordshire University, Newcastle College, City Norwich College and Edge Hill University. For more information, contact FFS here.
It's clear that Brexit must be put to the people. Now is a crucial time to get involved with the People's Vote campaign. Sign up to volunteer today.
"No deal would mean that, most likely, World Trade Organisation tariffs would be imposed from 1 November onwards. This would mean that we would most likely have to raise the prices of the products produced in the UK and shipped to other markets [in the EU]. The increase in price means an impact on the volume you sell, and would eventually lead to a reduction of produced cars in Oxford."
"This is exactly why we urge the government to avoid a no-deal Brexit solution."
BMW's finance boss Nicolas Peter warns that No Deal will result in MINI factory closures and job losses, while at the Frankfurt Motor Show yesterday.
Please share on Twitter.
Please share this on Twitter.
Video of the Day 2
More Brexit news...
Tom Watson to call for People's Vote before election (PoliticsHome)
Universities brace for Brexit protests as students flex muscles (Guardian)
Johnson secretly asked for massive amount of user data to be tracked (Buzzfeed)
MPs look to bring back May's Brexit deal with vote on referendum (Guardian)
Corbyn: Labour manifesto to offer People's Vote (BBC News)
Ireland and Boris Johnson both eye return to EU's original Brexit backstop (Independent)
More Brexit comment...
Guardian Editorial: Brexit UK economy risks recession (Guardian)
Paul Waugh: Will Johnson now skewer his Brexit spartans (HuffPost)
The People's Vote campaign is run by Open Britain. Your personal information is processed by Open Britain. For more details about how Open Britain uses your information and your data rights, click here to read our privacy policy.
PeoplesVoteUK
Follow @peoplesvote_uk on Twitter
This website uses cookies to improve your site experience. You can read our cookie policy here. Please click 'accept' to accept cookies from this website.
Promoted by Stuart Hand on behalf of the People's Vote campaign (Open Britain Ltd), Millbank Tower, 21-24 Millbank, London, England, SW1P 4QP.
Registered address: Open Britain, Millbank Tower, 21-24 Millbank, London, England, SW1P 4QP.


text:
BMC Research Notes
Research note | Open | Published: 29 April 2019
Incomplete childhood vaccination and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Gondar city administration, Northwest, Ethiopia 2018
Ayenew Engida Yismaw1,
Nega Tezera Assimamaw2,
Netsanent Habetie Bayu3 &
Shegaye Shumet Mekonen4
BMC Research Notesvolume 12, Article number: 241 (2019) | Download Citation
Despite the fact that immunization services are offered free of charge in Ethiopia but the coverage of complete vaccination is still low. The aim of the study is to determine incomplete vaccination and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Gondar city administration, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018.
The proportion of incomplete vaccination among children aged 12–23 months in Gondar city adminstration was 24.3% (95% CI 19.3, 29.2). Knowledge about the benefits of vaccination (AOR = 6.1 (95% CI 1.3, 28.9), the age at which the child begins vaccination (AOR = 2.4 (95% CI 1.09, 8.4) time taken to reach nearby health facility and means of transportation to nearby health facility (AOR = 0.22 95% CI 0.06, 0.9) have statistically significant association with incomplete vaccination. In the current study the proportion of incomplete vaccination was found to be high. Increasing the awareness about vaccination for child care givers and further improve caregiver's knowledge towards the benefit of vaccination is important.
Immunization is one of the cost-effective public health intervention methods to prevent and eliminate life-threatening infectious diseases and is estimated to avert between 2 and 3 million deaths each year where vaccine-preventable diseases accounts for the death of over 2 million children in a year and majority of them existed in Sub-Saharan Africa [1, 2].
Comparing to the developed world, children in Sub-Saharan Africa are more than 15 times to die before age of 5 years due to preventable and treatable diseases using simple, affordable intervention. Also, 5.6 million children under the age of 5 years died in 2016 [3, 4]. The rate of full immunization rises with parents' educational level and the frequency of mother's health care utilization [5]. After WHO had launched Expanded Programme on Immunization in 1974, children were prevented from vaccine-preventable diseases that is diphtheria, measles, pertussis, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis ranging from 5 to 83% [6, 7].
The report has shown that 3 out of 4 Ethiopian children had an incomplete vaccination. Owing to this, vaccine-preventable diseases were accountable for the death of 1 in 12 children before celebrating their fifth birthday [8].
About two-thirds (62.8%) of children were not fully immunized by 1 year of age and 36.4% were partially and incorrectly immunized because of parents objection, disagreement or concern about safety, long distance walking and long waiting time at health facility which could be avoided easily, especially for rural areas where immunization coverage is below the expected national coverage (minimum 80%) [9, 10]. Reasons for incomplete vaccination were associated with accessibility to the vaccination sites, no schooling of mothers and children born at home [11].
The routine immunization program in Ethiopia has shown progressive expansion since inception in 1980. In EFY 2005 pentavalent 3 immunization coverage was 87.6%, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) 3 immunization coverage 80.4%, measles immunization coverage 83.2%, and the percentage of fully immunized children 77.7% (FMOH) [12, 13]. Coverage rose from 52% in 2003 to 86% in 2010 because of the initiation of the Health Extension Program at the community level and implementation of reaching every district (RED) approach with support from partners contributed significantly to the success registered in immunization program. However, EPI coverage stagnated between 83 and 86% for 3 successive years after 2010. A national coverage survey conducted in 2012 indicated Penta-valent 3 coverage of 65%. The government with support from WHO and partners developed a national immunization improvement plan covering the period 2014–2015, with the objective of reducing the number of unimmunized children by 10% every year, reaching 90% coverage in every region and 80% in all zones by end of 2015 [14]. The EPI stated in Ethiopia in 1980, with the aim of reducing mortality and morbidity of children and mothers from vaccine-preventable diseases by giving free of charge in the public sectors and NFO operating in the field of health [5]. A community-based cross-sectional study conducted in Northwest Ethiopia on vaccination coverage showed that 24.6% and 17% were not vaccinated at all and partially vaccinated respectively [15]. A community based cross sectional study conducted in Lay Armachiho District, North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia showed that incomplete childhood vaccination was 24% and the main reasons were fear of side effects, shortage of vaccine in the health facility showing lack of accessibility and absence of vaccinaters [16]. A Community Based Assessment on Immunization Coverage in Gondar City reported that 43% were partially vaccinated and 14.1% were not vaccinated at all [17]. The most frequently reported reasons for incomplete or not vaccination were fear of side effects, shortage of vaccines in the health facility inconvenient appointment time, political instability and movability from rural to the city due to this problem. This study was therefore conducted to determine and identify factors associated with incomplete vaccination among children aged 12–23 months in Gondar city and can be used up by researchers, and policymakers as a baseline to design strategies that can mitigate the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases.
Study design, period and area
Community based cross-sectional quantitative study was done from April 1 to May 30, 2018, to assess incomplete childhood vaccination and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Gondar city, Northwest, Ethiopia 2018.
The study was done in Gondar city which is located 750 km, northwest far from the capital city of Ethiopia Addis Ababa. Gondar is one of the historical places which is the well-known city with its medieval castle and decorated churches found by emperor Fasilldes established since 1632 E.C. According to the recent administration, the city has 12 sub-city administration areas which consisted of 21 kebeles. Gondar is one of the ancient and densely populated city in Ethiopia. The city has 9 health centers and one referral hospital that serving the population of Gondar city and outside.
The source population were all mothers/caretakers with children aged 12–23 months in Gondar city and the study population were mothers/caretakers with children who were available during the data collection period.
Households with at least one live children aged 12–23 months who live for 6 months prior to the study period in the study area were eligible for this study.
Households with at least one live child of aged between 12 and 23 months, and residence of Gondar City Administrations whose mother/caretaker can brought vaccination card or remembered vaccination history were included in the study and those who didn't brought vaccination card or didn't remembered vaccination history of the child were excluded.
Sample size and sampling procedure
The sample size was calculated by using the single population proportion formula n = ((Zα/2)2 P(1 − P))/d2 with the following assumptions: 23.2% proportion of incomplete vaccination on a previous study done in Sinana District, Ethiopia [14], A 95% confidence level, 5% precision, and 10% none response rate were used. The sample sizes calculated were 301. From 12 sub-city administrations four were selected with simple random sampling method and the samples were proportional allocated to each sub-city administrations and the sample units were selected with systematic random sampling technique by calculating the interval value of 2 and with lottery method every second child was interviewed.
Operational definition
Incomplete (partial) immunization
If the child missed at least one of the recommended vaccines [7].
Knowledge about a schedule of immunization
If the mothers know the schedules for all types of vaccines.
Data collection instrument and process
The data collection tool was developed by reviewing different literatures. The data were collected with face to face interview of mothers or immediate caretakers of the child. Vaccination status was determined by obtaining vaccination cards from the mother/caretaker or by vaccination history from the mother/caretaker or both. Six diploma and two BSc. degree graduated Nurses were recruited for data collection, and supervision, respectively. To ensure data quality, a 2 day training was given to data collectors and supervisors. The questionnaire was pre-tested from unselected city administration to check the appropriateness of the questions.
The data were checked for completeness, and entered into EPI-info version 7 and transferred to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics with percentages were employed. All variables were analyzed in bivariate logistic regression and those variables having P-value less than 0.2 were intered to multivariable logistic regression analyses. In multivariable logistic regression analyses variables with P-value less than 0.05 were considered as significant. Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness of fit test was used to check the model fitness. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to determine the presence, and direction of association between covariates and the outcome variable.
Socio-demographic characteristics
A total of 301 Mothers/caregivers of children aged between 12 and 23 months were interviewed and the response rate was 100%. The immediate caregivers of the children were mothers 109 (36.2%), both mother and father 191 (63.5%). Nearly all 283 (94%) of the caregivers were married (Table 1).
Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of caregivers and children in Gondar city administration, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 301)
Knowledge and access on Immunization and Vaccine preventable diseases
Majority 284 (94.4%) of caregivers had heard/seen about vaccination and vaccine preventable diseases as a specific program. The major sources of information was health workers 261 (86.7%). Most of the respondents 260 (86.4%) know measles as a vaccine preventable disease while 286 (81.4%) stated tetanus and followed by polio 233 (77.4%) as vaccine preventable diseases. Nearly four-fifth 241 (80%) and three-fourth 220 (73%) of respondents knew that the vaccination program should be started at the age of birth and finished at the age of 9 months. Among respondents 213 (70.8%) of them knew five sessions are needed to fully completed child vaccination. Almost all 290 (99.0%) of study participants lived nearby health facility to get vaccination service. About 129 (42.9%) of care takers use transportation means to the nearby health facility to get vaccination service (Table 2).
Table 2 Mothers/Caregiver's knowledge and access on immunization and vaccine preventable diseases in Gondar city administration, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018 (n = 301)
Child vaccination
In this study, 73 (24.3%) with 95% CI (19.3, 29.2) of the children were incomplete for recommended vaccination. About 296 (98.7%) of participants were received routine vaccination where as 5 (1.6%) were received from mass campaign of polio and measles. Majority 259 (86%) of the respondents reported that the first polio vaccine given in the first 2 weeks. The main reason for defaulting for vaccination 49 (16.3%) were not knowing vaccination time and 31 (10.3%) lack of awareness.
Respondents had reported the route of each vaccination; BCG is an injection in the arm or shoulder that causes scar (93%), polio is a drop in mouth (86%), Pentavalent is an injection given in the left thigh (97.3%), PCV is an injection given in the right thigh (93.7%) and Rota given as a drop (97%) and measle is an injection in the arm at the age of 9 months or older (97%).
Factors associated with incomplete vaccination
The bivariate analysis showed that care givers educational status, marital status, occupation, heard/seen about vaccination, benefits of vaccination, age at which the child begins vaccination, availability of health facility providing vaccination service, means of transportation to vaccination site, the distance to reach nearby health facility, and health workers advice about vaccination were significantly associated with the outcome variable at P-value < 0.2. In the multivariable analysis, benefits of vaccination, age at which child begins vaccination, time taken to reach nearby health facility, and means of transportation were remained significant.
Participants who have lack of knowledge about vaccination were 6 times higher incomplete vaccination than those who have good knowledge (AOR = 6.1, 95% CI (1.3, 28.9)). Participants starting vaccination at 4/6 weeks after birth were 2 times higher incomplete vaccination than starting vaccination at or within 2 weeks after birth (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI (1.09, 8.4)). The time taken 15–30 and 30 min–1 h to reach nearby health facility decreases incomplete vaccination by 78% and 60% than time taken less than 15 min to reach nearby health facility (AOR = 0.22 95% CI (0.06, 0.9)) and (AOR = 0.4 95% CI (0.35, 0.72)), respectively (Table 3).
Table 3 Factors associated with incomplete vaccination in Gondar city administration, Northwest Ethiopia 2018 (n = 301)
This study revealed that, incomplete vaccination among children aged 12–23 months was 24.3% (95% CI 19.3, 29.2). This finding is in line with the findings in Lay Armachiho District, North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia 24.1% [16], in Sinana district, Ethiopia 23.2% [18] and Ambo, Ethiopia 23.7% [19]. This similarity might be due to the implementation strategies that is Reaching Every District (RED), sustainable out reach services (SOS), and delivery of charge free service.
However, the current finding is lower than the findings in Togo 36.2% [20], Worabe, Ethiopia 39% [21], Dominican republic 42.8% [22], Afghanistan, 31% [23], Nigeria 62.8% [9], Angola, 37% [24]. This variation might be due to internal human displacement might increase the risk of defaulting, sociocultural difference, institutional factors like lack of infrastructure and equipments, shortage of supplies, occurrence of natural disaster and endless conflict, time inconvenience, poor recording, registration and defaulter tracing.
Having incomplete vaccination among participants with lack of knowledge about benefits of vaccination were 6 times higher than those who had good knowledge [AOR = 6.1, 95% CI (1.3, 28.9)]. This is consistent with the findings in Arbegona district south Ethiopia [18], in Lay Armachiho District, North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia [16] and in Gondar town [17]. This could be due to information and regular education to the community about vaccination benefits, side effects, and when to return to health facilities plays a role to complete childhood vaccination. And also how to handle the child during vaccine side effect related illnesses to avoid such frustration for next appointment and the effect of this situation on the community as a whole.
Participants starting vaccination at 4/6 weeks after birth were 2 times higher incomplete vaccination than those starting vaccination at or within 2 weeks after birth [AOR = 2.4, 95% CI (1.09, 8.4)]. This finding is supported by study conducted in Rural Nigerian [22]. This is because of that lately starting causes missing of some vaccines which were given within the first 2 weeks after delivery. There are also cultural and religious factors that postpartal women and newborn didn't go out of home for the first 2–3 weeks which leads to messing of oral polio vaccine provided in the first 2 weeks. The time taken 15–30 min and 30 min–1 h to nearby health facility decreases incomplete vaccination by 78% and 60% than time taken less than 15 min to reach nearby health facility with [AOR = 0.22, 95% CI (0.06, 0.9)] and [AOR = 0.4, 95% CI (0.35, 0.72) respectively. This finding is contradicted with findings in Sinana district, Ethiopia [18]. This might be due to mothers might forgot weather the child was given the vaccine immediately at birth and lack of registration by delivery attendants at delivery during weekends and night time. And also health care providers may not properly counsel on the next appointments considering their residency near to the health facility.
Participants using car as means of transportation to reach nearby health facility was reduce incomplete vaccination by 90% as compared to their counter parts [AOR = 0.1, 95% CI (0.032, 0.238)]. This finding was supported by the findings in Sinana district, Ethiopia [18] in Lay Armachiho District, North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia [16]. This might be due to that transportation is the main factor to get the service timely and properly because vaccination especially BCG and Measel vaccines are provided with limited time and date to avoid unnecessary wastage. So to get these vaccines clients may wait till ten or twenty child may come to open these vaccines and may lead to come again next time this makes clients tyred if transport is easily accessible.
In the current study the proportion of incomplete vaccination was high compared to national target. Lack of knowledge when the child begins vaccination, means of transportation to health facilities and lack of knowledge about the benefits of vaccination had statistically significant with incomplete vaccination.
The city administration Health office would work to increase community awareness through health education on the benefits and make vaccines easily accessible to complete the entire schedule of vaccination to reduce morbidity and mortality of children from vaccine preventable diseases.
Children's parent or caregivers recall bias that might prone to over or under reporting of immunization status of their children and the sample size was small that may affect its precision.
BCG:
Bacillus Calment Gurin
DHS:
demographic health survey
DPT:
diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus
EDHS:
Ethiopian demographic health survey
ETB:
Ethiopian Total Birr
EPI:
expanded program of immunization
EPI Info:
epidemiological information
HEW:
health extension worker
MDG:
millennium development goal
odd ratio
OPV:
oral polio vaccine
Banteyerga H. Ethiopia's health extension program: improving health through community involvement. MEDICC Rev. 2011;13(3):46–9.
Bishai DM. Global initiatives in universal childhood immunisation. Lancet. 2008;372(9655):2004–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61853-X.
Chan M. The contribution of immunization: saving millions of lives, and more. Public Health Rep. 2014;129(Suppl 3):7–8.
Etana B, Deressa W. Factors associated with complete immunization coverage in children aged 12–23 months in Ambo Woreda, Central Ethiopia. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(July):566. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-566.
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health. Supporting evidence-based decision making: towards the achievement of the health millennium development goal; 2014.
Garib Z, Vargas AL, Trumbo P, Anthony K, Diaz-Ortega JL, Bravo-Alcántara P, Leal I, Danovaro-Holliday M, Velandia-Gonzalez M. Missed opportunities for vaccination in the Dominican Republic: results of an operational investigation. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016(January):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4721836.
Hu Y, Li Q, Chen E, Chen Y, Qi X. Determinants of childhood immunization uptake among socio-economically disadvantaged migrants in East China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013;10(July):2845–56. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10072845.
ICF International. Demographic and health surveys sampling and household listing manual. Calverton: MEASURE DHS; 2012.
Jani JV, De Schacht C, Jani IV, Bjune G. Risk factors for incomplete vaccination and missed opportunity for immunization in rural Mozambique. BMC Public Health. 2008;8(May):161. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-161.
Yenit MK, et al. Factors associated with incomplete childhood vaccination among children 12–23 months of age in Machakel Woreda, East Gojjam Zone: a case–control study. J Pregnancy Child Health. 2015. https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000180.
Landoh DE, Ouro-kavalah F, Yaya I, Kahn AL, Wasswa P, Lacle A, Nassoury DI, Gitta SN, Soura AB. Predictors of incomplete immunization coverage among one to five years old children in Togo. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(September):968. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3625-5.
Legesse E, Dechasa W. An assessment of child immunization coverage and its determinants in Sinana district, Southeast Ethiopia. BMC Pediatr. 2015. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7560.S1.025.
Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report 2017 | United Nations Population Division | Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
Lim SS, Stein DB, Charrow A, Murray CJL. Tracking progress towards universal childhood immunisation and the impact of global initiatives: a systematic analysis of three-dose diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis immunisation coverage. Lancet. 2008;372(9655):2031–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61869-3.
Tesfaye TD, Temesgen WA, Kasa AS. Vaccination coverage and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Northwest Ethiopia. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1502528.
Kassahun MB, Biks GA, Teferra AS. Level of immunization coverage and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Lay Armachiho District, North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional study. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:239.
Gizachew M, et al. A community based assessment of the immunization coverage and the associated factors of children aged 12–23 months at Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia. EC Microbiol. 2015;2(2):247–60.
Mugali RR, Mansoor F, Parwiz S, Ahmad F, Safi N, Higgins-Steele A, Varkey S. Improving immunization in Afghanistan: results from a cross-sectional community-based survey to assess routine immunization coverage. BMC Public Health. 2017;17(April):290. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4193-z.
Oleribe O, Kumar V, Awosika-Olumo A, Taylor-Robinson SD. Individual and socioeconomic factors associated with childhood immunization coverage in Nigeria. Pan African Med J. 2017. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2017.26.220.11453.
Oliveira MF, Martinez EZ, Rocha JS. Factors associated with vaccination coverage in children < 5 years in Angola. Revista de Saúde Pública. 2014;48(6):906–15. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2014048005284.
Popova O, Ibarra de Palacios P. Reaching more children with vaccines in developing countries: key challenges of innovation and delivery. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016;32(1):177–81. https://doi.org/10.1185/03007995.2015.1108910.
Abdulraheem IS, Onajole AT, Jimoh AA, Oladipo AR. Reasons for incomplete vaccination and factors for missed opportunities among rural Nigerian children. J Public Health Epidemiol. 2011;3(4):194–203.
Sasaki S, Igarashi K, Fujino Y, Comber AJ, Brunsdon C, Muleya CM, Suzuki H. The impact of community-based outreach immunisation services on immunisation coverage with GIS network accessibility analysis in peri-urban areas, Zambia. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2011;65(12):1171–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2009.104190.
Shuaib F, Kimbrough D, Roofe M, McGwin G Jr, Jolly P. Factors associated with incomplete childhood immunization among residents of St. Mary Parish of Jamaica. West Indian Med J. 2010;59(5):549–54.
AEY, NTA and SSM wrote the proposal, analyze data and wrote the paper. NHB participated in data analysis and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
We would like to acknowledge the School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar for their support. We also acknowledge the Gondar city administration Health Office for their cooperation.
Data will be available up on responsible request from corresponding author using "ayenewe07@gmail.com".
Ethical approval was obtained from the school of Nursing college of medicine and health science University of Gondar. Permission letter from Gondar city administration was also secured before data collection. After discussing the objective of the study, informed written consent was taken from study participants. Names of participants were not included during data collection.
The authors have also declared that no financial support in the research, authorship and publication of this article was received.
Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. BOX: 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
Ayenew Engida Yismaw
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Nega Tezera Assimamaw
Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Netsanent Habetie Bayu
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
Shegaye Shumet Mekonen
Search for Ayenew Engida Yismaw in:
Search for Nega Tezera Assimamaw in:
Search for Netsanent Habetie Bayu in:
Search for Shegaye Shumet Mekonen in:
Correspondence to Ayenew Engida Yismaw.
Incomplete childhood vaccination
Children aged 12–23 months
Gondar city administration


text:
Q: Error in hclust(., method = "average") : NA/NaN/Inf in foreign function call (arg 11) in R text<-structure(list(ID_C_REGCODES_CASH_VOUCHER = c(3941L, 3941L, 3941L,
3945L, 3945L, 3945L, 3945L, 3945L, 3945L, 3945L, 3953L, 3953L,
3953L, 3953L, 3953L, 3953L, 3960L, 3960L, 3960L, 3960L, 3960L,
3960L, 3967L, 3967L, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA,
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA,
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA), GOODS_NAME = structure(c(19L,
17L, 15L, 18L, 16L, 23L, 21L, 14L, 22L, 20L, 6L, 2L, 10L, 8L,
7L, 13L, 5L, 11L, 7L, 12L, 4L, 3L, 9L, 9L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L
), .Label = c("", "* 2108609 SLOB.Mayon.OLIVK.67% 400ml", "* 3014084 D.Dym.Spikachki DEREVEN.MINI 1kg",
"* 3398012 DD Kolb.SERV.OKHOTN in / to v / y0.35", "* 3426789 WH.The corn rav guava / yagn.d / CAT seed 85g",
"197 Onion 1 kg", "2013077 MAKFA Makar.RAKERS 450g", "2030918 MARIA TRADITIONAL Biscuit 180g",
"2049750 MAKFA Makar.SHIGHTS 450g", "3420159 LEBED.Mol.past.3,4-4,5% 900g",
"3491144 LIP.NAP.ICE TEA green yellow 0.5 liter", "6788 MAKFA Makar.perya 450g",
"809 Bananas 1kg", "FetaXa Cheese product 60% 400g (", "Lemons 55+",
"MAKFA Macaroni feathers like. in / with", "Napkins paper color 100pcs PL",
"Package \"Magnet\" white (Plastiktre)", "Pasta Makfa snail flow-pack 450 g.",
"SHEBEKINSKIE Macaroni Butterfly №40", "SOFT Cotton sticks 100 PE (BELL",
"TENDER AGE Cottage cheese 10", "TOBUS steering-wheel 0.5kg flow"
), class = "factor")), .Names = c("ID_C_REGCODES_CASH_VOUCHER",
"GOODS_NAME"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -61L))

The body of text above is names of product from check.
I want to group any similar names.
For example. Here i manually take MAKFA makar(Ukraine name). I found 7 rows with "root or key word MAKFA Makar"
Pasta Makfa snail flow-pack 450 g.
MAKFA Macaroni feathers like. in / with
2013077 MAKFA Makar.RAKERS 450g
2013077 MAKFA Makar.RAKERS 450g
6788 MAKFA Makar.perya 450g
2049750 MAKFA Makar.SHIGHTS 450g
2049750 MAKFA Makar.SHIGHTS 450g

So i got here this solution
text <- text[1:24,]
library(quanteda)
library(tidyverse)
hc <- text %>%
  pull(GOODS_NAME) %>%
  as.character %>%
  quanteda::tokens(
    remove_numbers = T,
    remove_punct = T,
    remove_symbols = T,
    remove_separators = T
  ) %>%
  quanteda::tokens_tolower() %>%
  quanteda::tokens_remove(valuetype="regex", pattern = c("^\\d.*")) %>%
  quanteda::dfm() %>%
  textstat_simil(method = "jaccard") %>%
  magrittr::multiply_by(-1) %>%
  `attr<-`("Labels", text$GOODS_NAME) %>%
  hclust(method = "average")

But, if i use more then 5000 rows, i got the error
Error in hclust(., method = "average") :
  NA/NaN/Inf in foreign function call (arg 11)

What does it mean and how to fix it?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
The men's 800 metres at the 2018 IAAF World U20 Championships was held at Ratina Stadium on 13, 14 and 15 July.

Records

Results

Heats
Qualification: First 3 of each heat (Q) and the 4 fastest times (q) qualified for the semifinals.

Semifinals
Qualification: First 3 of each heat (Q) and the 2 fastest times (q) qualified for the final.

Final

References

800 metres
800 metres at the World Athletics U20 Championships


We do more than website design. How many times have you read an owner's manual only to scratch your head wondering if it was actually for the gadget printed on cover? The explanation of complex subjects to an unfamiliar audience can be a challenge for any writer. All the content on this website was developed solely by us and demonstrates how we can help take difficult topics and make them clear for the audience you are targeting. We are proficient in the advanced capabilities of MS Word, Excel and PowerPoint to help deliver your documents to the customer.
The below are examples relating to websites with the final example relating to simulation-based training.


Vertigo and dizziness have many causes. St. Francisville chiropractic care may well be a solution for unsteady St. Francisville folks. Family & Sports Chiropractic of St. Francisville sees St. Francisville vertigo patients and gets them back on their steady feet again! Bring your vertigo to Family & Sports Chiropractic of St. Francisville to figure out the cause of your dizziness and get you steady again!
First of all, one cause of vertigo, that caused by compression of cervical vertebral artery in the neck, could be treated by decompression without surgical fusion or instrumentation especially in C1 transverse foramen. (1) What a great door to be opened! St. Francisville chiropractic care with gentle, long-y axis spinal manipulation according to Cox® Technic protocols may be the non-surgical decompression method to try before surgery! That's our gentle, safe go-to chiropractic protocol for neck pain and related conditions. Your St. Francisville chiropractor is here for consultation.
Further, the whole question of just what effect spinal manipulation/manual therapy has on cervicogenic dizziness, balance, and neck pain drives researchers to study more. Good thing! A study reports that patients with vertigo who underwent spinal manipulation demonstrated improved balance and even showed reduced dizziness and neck pain. (2) A trial of spinal manipulation at Family & Sports Chiropractic of St. Francisville is worth a try for reduced dizziness and neck pain, isn't it?
Sadly, life for patients with cervical vertigo or dizziness is not comfortable. St. Francisville dizzy patients seek a solution or at a least some relief of their vertigo. Family & Sports Chiropractic of St. Francisville is ready to help and understands the concern. That's why Family & Sports Chiropractic of St. Francisville starts chiropractic care for dizziness with a thorough examination to rule out potentially severe causes of the symptoms. Then, an appropriate treatment plan is made. Researchers explain that once that is done, manipulative therapy may be appropriately used. (3) That's what Family & Sports Chiropractic of St. Francisville offers!
So if vertigo or dizziness plagues you or a loved one, contact Family & Sports Chiropractic of St. Francisville. In St. Francisville dizziness and vertigo may be well handled with gentle chiropractic care.


Although 'three.js' and 'Babylon.js' can be employed elsewhere, predominantly they are utilised to create animations within a Browser window.
If you have a GPU present then the choice of browsers can be quite arbitrary but without a GPU the choice of browser may be critical to the performance of your animation.
After experimentation, the best browser for three.js animation without a GPU seems to be 'Google Chrome' closely followed by the 'Opera' browser and 'Microsoft Edge'.
'Apple Safari' has its own tricks and depending on which version is installed, support for WebGL may have to be manually turned on in the browser settings.
To follow this tutorial, if you do not have a GPU present you should consider downloading and using Google Chrome or Opera.
In following this tutorial you will effectively be constructing a web page which must be hosted locally on your computer or on a server.
Both options will work fine. This web site is hosted at Neocities.org originally because it offered free hosting but now because it is a comparatively fluent and easy hosting service to use. You are encouraged to look at this site and if you are familiar with web hosting services, you can use this site to host your animation.
For the purpose of this tutorial however it will be shown how to host (easy) your animation on your own computer.
Where does my animation live?
Where does the three.js go?


Welcome to the first state psychological ECP division in the country!
The ECP DIvision is focuses on the delopment of psychologists entering the profession, empowering its members through advocacy, mentoring, and education.
In 2005, the New York State Psychological Association (NYSPA) formed an Ad hoc Early Career Psychologists (ECP) Committee to demonstrate NYSPA's commitment to supporting the needs and interests of ECPs. In March 2008, this committee successfully petitioned NYSPA Council for Divisional status and became the first Early Career Psychologists division in the country!
Who can Join the Division?
Advanced Doctoral students who completed their internship can join the ECP division at a discounted rate. Once a member receives their Doctorate degree, he/she will achieve full membership status. There is no upper limit for membership since NYSPA members may benefit from aspects of the ECP division at any point in their career. For example, a more seasoned clinician who has worked in hospital settings throughout his/her career may feel "less experienced" in starting a private practice and may benefit from the resources and programs that the ECP division provides. In order to ensure accurate representation of ECP needs, elected board members will need to be within 10 years of receiving their Doctoral degree.
What are the Benefits of Joining NYSPA and the ECP Division?
There are many benefits of joining the New York State Psychological Association (NYSPA) and the Early Career Psychologists (ECP) Division.
Once a member of the ECP Division, subscribe to the "Members Only" NYSPA ECP list serve. This is the best way to receive communications, updates and other important information, so please subscribe today! You can also access the ECP Members only Media which includes several valuable webinars, videos and audio files.
How can I join and become an ECP Division Member?
Click here to join the ECP Division online, or call (518) 437-1040.


text:
Q: Linux - HTPASSWD file too big? (more than 2000 users) I got here a quite huge HTPASSWD file which stores the users and their encrypted passwords. This file is used to authenticate users using HTTP.
I got more than 2000 entries (users) in this file. The size of that file is 116KB.

Additionnaly, about 40 new entries are added in this file each day.
So I would like to know if I got a problem with an htpasswd file that big. And what are my alternatives to the htpasswd file? And how can I transfer my users and their encrypted passwords to the new alternative?
SOLUTION
I figured out how to convert my htpasswd file to the DBM format using this perl script: htpasswd2dbm.pl
Here is how to use it:
htpasswd2dbm.pl -htpasswd users usersdbm

A: There is perfomance issues related to large htpasswd files. However you can use DBM format to improve performance for large password files:
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_auth_dbm.html#authdbmuserfile
A quick google provided this page which gives a good overview of using DBM files:
http://www.apacheweek.com/features/dbmauth