text:
Deteriorated groynes
From MarineSpecies Introduced Traits Wiki
Problem definition
The process of deterioration of groynes reduces their efficiency as a coastal protection measure. On the other hand, artificial beach fills are often used together with groyne fields as a combined erosion control practice. In instances of aged groynes the residence time of beach fills and thus re-nourishment intervals can be (considerably) reduced. Therefore, the observations of long-term behavior of wooden palisade groynes at Hel Peninsula, Baltic Sea, Poland, see Fig. 1, can serve as a reference case for studies on coastal segments protected by ageing and deteriorating groynes with or without additional artificial beach nourishment.
Fig. 1) Hel Peninsula: study area from Władysławowo (root) to Kuźnica village
1 Problem definition
2 Deterioration processes in wooden groynes
3 Groyne - beach interactions assessed by numerical simulations
3.1 Local conditions at Hel Peninsula
3.2 Numerical model and boundary conditions
3.3 Results of numerical simulations
3.4 Assessment of groyne impact on fill residence time
Deterioration processes in wooden groynes
The groynes were constructed between 1946 and 1970 along 12 km from the root of Hel Peninsula. 162 groynes were built of which 114 were wooden and 46 reinforced concrete palisades. Gradual extension of the groyne field over almost 25 years was forced by the lee-side effect, producing irreversible damage of dunes. In 1989 large-scale beach nourishment program was initiated. It restored wide beaches and dunes and prevented the inundation of dune hinterland during storms having 100 years return period (1%). Nowadays, the central problem is the assessment if and to what extent the presence of deteriorating groynes contributes to the reduction of erosion rates of fill sediment.
The deterioration of wooden palisade groynes consists of combinations of the following processes:
Breaking of (individual) piles mainly due to ice loads; sharp edges of broken piles can be dangerous to beach users.
Tilting of insufficiently deep driven piles due to ice loads and/or wave action.
Digging out of insufficiently deep driven piles by waves and currents. Usually, this type of damage follows an incorrect design assumption that water depths will not vary too much before and after construction of a groyne. When the groyne is completed temporary or permanent scours can emerge due to local changes in hydrodynamic regimes and seabed response. Seasonal seabed changes near a groyne can exceed 1 m [1]. If they coincide with long-term tendency toward seabed deepening, the resultant changes of depths can reach several meters. In such instances economic considerations should determine whether the piles should be longer and driven deeper or their periodic replenishment is a viable alternative.
Decay of wooden pile cores, mainly by parasite fungi living along the whole pile length. Visible decay of piles becomes visible after 15 years of residence in water, after 15 - 25 years the rate of decay is significant, it then slows down between 25 - 40 years and accelerates again afterwards. This type of destruction takes place mainly above the practical decay limit, which was determined to be situated + 10 cm above the mean sea level. The weakened pile has a substantially reduced diameter and can be easily broken by external loads.
In groynes consisting of standard, neither pre-stressed nor post-tensioned, reinforced concrete units, the cracks are inherent, so direct contact with salt water triggers rapid corrosion of reinforcement. This results in quick and irreversible destruction of entire groynes; the concrete groynes at Hel Peninsula were destroyed in this way and their remnants had to be removed. Thus, wooden palisades turned out to be optimum solution from the economic (low cost and long-term operational use) as well as ecological (natural material) point of view. Also, the palisades always have certain permeability, which decreases undesired rip currents that may emerge in compartments formed by impervious groynes and be dangerous for swimmers. The most popular and natural material in Baltic Sea countries are pine tree trunks; more expensive oak tree trunks are also applied eg. on the Dutch coast; local experience usually provides sufficient clues for the suitable choice of wood for groyne palisades.
The deterioration processes change the efficiency of groyne fields and exert impacts on the adjacent shoreline. The resultant effects can include:
The failure of a certain number of piles results either in the loss of groyne continuity or its shortening,
Failures of single piles along a considerable portion of groyne length or even the whole length only increase the structure's permeability and do not contribute considerably to changes of shoreline configuration; it may be even advantageous for a perfectly non-permeable groyne,
Failure of 2-5 adjacent piles produces increased water flows through the gap; this leads to intensified seabed erosion in that area, so this condition is disadvantageous,
Greater gaps of several meters result in greater seabed erosion. If they occur near a groyne tip the whole structure has a reduced length and the resulting seabed erosion affects mainly the nearest (remaining) piles and occurs relatively far from the shoreline. If such gaps develop close to the root of the groyne the resulting seabed erosion is very disadvantageous, because of the loss of structure – shoreline contact. Next, the alongshore current is concentrated in that gap, so relatively large water velocity is generated there that leads to rapid development of a large scour. A photo of a 'healthy' groyne and those with gaps in various sections are presented in Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 'Healthy' groyne (A) and groynes with gaps: at the root (B), in the middle (C) and near the tip (D)
Groyne - beach interactions assessed by numerical simulations
Local conditions at Hel Peninsula
Hel Peninsula is located on the Polish Baltic Sea sandy coast. It is a long, sandy spit that emerged when islands, which now feature its wide, seawardmost part were connected by a delicate, narrow sandy strip, made of sediment eroded from nearby cliffs. This formation was naturally nourished by longshore sediment transport, running predominantly from west to east. In past centuries this system was often breached by heavy storms, but due to low population and insignificant economic impact it was then not regarded as disturbance. The Peninsula was stabilized artificially by planting pine trees in the 2nd half of the 19th century. The erection of railway line from Władysławowo at the root to Hel town at the tip and the construction of a parallel road provided communication routes with the mainland. Simultaneously, it highlighted the growing exposure of local communities to the consequences of breaching.
Long-term records indicate that for average storms, the significant wave height outside the surf zone (in water depth h of about 20 m) usually reaches Hs = 2–2.5 m with a mean period of T = 5–7 s. The incoming wave energy is dissipated due to wave transformation and breaking as the waves propagate onshore. In the absence of tides waves are the only source of energy; their breaking produces wave-driven currents that govern alongshore and on- and offshore sediment migration. The basic sediment characteristic is its average diameter. It is equal to ca. 0.2 mm, which is typical for south Baltic Sea beaches.
A serious disturbance of sediment transport occurred when a harbor at Władysławowo was constructed in 1937 – 1939. Erected at the root of the Peninsula, it temporarily blocked alongshore, down drift natural delivery of sediment. This started lee-side erosion in immediate down drift neighbourhood of the harbor. The response of coastal managers was the development of the studied groyne field in 1946 onwards. Later, the harbor received a dredger to re-create natural sediment migration through the navigational channel (bypassing system) by placing the dredged sand near the groyne field in order to alleviate erosion threats. However, global climatic changes, manifested by sea level rise and the growth of storminess at the end of 20th century found those measures insufficient, so apart from harbor sediment bypassing system, massive artificial beach fills, extending up to 20 km from the root, were initiated.
Numerical model and boundary conditions
Numerical simulations, aimed at the assessment of groyne deterioration patterns on adjacent, nourished beach were executed using the Dutch DELFT 3D package. This package is a 3-D model that allows for computations of transient water flows and sediment transport; hydrodynamic forcings can include riverine flows, wind driven (drift) currents, flows due to differences in water table elevation (gradient currents), density flows driven by changes in water temperature or salinity and finally tidal and wave driven currents. The following computational modules were incorporated into the simulations: (1) FLOW module that computes hydrodynamic flow regimes, (2) WAVE module calculating the wave parameters, (3) SED module calculating the sediment transport and seabed changes.
Fig. 3) Bathymetric profiles before and after nourishment, adopted in numerical simulations
The water column was schematized by 10 computational layers; the thickness of the near-bottom layer was defined as 2.3% of seabed depth at a given grid point. The sediment transport was determined using van Rijn formula [2]; the associated near-bed and near-groyne layer stresses were calculated according to Fredsoe, 1984 [3]. Also, it was assumed that storm waves cannot spill over the top of the groyne and the coefficients of transmission and reflection are both equal 0.5. For this schematization the following boundary conditions were assumed:
the groyne length was set to 60 m for all groynes, which corresponds to the average groyne length, measured from the shoreline,
the distance between consecutive groynes was set to 90 m,
the modelled coastal segment measured 500 m in the alongshore direction and stretched 1200 m offshore,
the grid points between the groynes and up to 200 m offshore were spaced every 5m, outside that area (up to 1200 m offshore) the spacing was set to 15 m,
the bathymetric profile, presented in Fig. 3, was adopted for the whole modelled area; this profile features characteristic elements of near-shore bathymetry along the Hel Peninsula.
Results of numerical simulations
The computations of flow fields were done for typical stormy conditions in which, as shown by [4], the significant wave height corresponding to mean wave energy is approximately equal to (Hs)mean [math]\approx[/math] 0,9÷1m. Thus, the following input wave parameters were adopted at the offshore limit of computational domain:
significant wave height Hs = 1.0 m,
wave peak period Tp = 4.0 s,
azimuth of wave approach Az = 315°.
Four cases were considered for the calculation of flow fields between the groynes:
full groyne length,
groynes without contact with shore; gap length: 1/3 of full groyne length,
groynes with gap in the middle section: gap length: 1/3 of full groyne length,
groynes shortened by 1/3 of full groyne length.
In addition, similar computations were performed for the coastal segment and bathymetry without coastal structures. The results are presented in Figs. 3-7, where depth-averaged and near-bed fields of water velocities and are plotted for the 0 – 500 m longshore and 0 – 200 m offshore domain.
Fig. 4 presents the case without groynes. We can clearly see alongshore water flows; for depth-averaged flows 3 strips are vividly present, whereas for near-bed flows we can distinguish 4 strips. The widths of these strips and the associated velocities are presented in Tab. 1. Given the average diameter of sand that builds the Hel Peninsula as D50 = 0.15÷0.25 mm, the initiation of sediment motion occurs for water velocities of 0.08÷0.10 m/s, whereas the mass movement is achieved at 0.2÷0.4 m/s. Thus, when the water velocities exceed 0.2 m/s it is assumed that sediment transport is an important process. Comparing this velocity with those from Tab. 1 we can see that mass bedload and suspended sediment transport develops during average storms in near shoreline proximity.
Fig. 4) Depth averaged (top) and near-bed (bottom) water velocities for beach without groynes and stormy wave conditions at 1200 m offshore Hs = 1.0 m, Tp = 4.0 s, Az = 315.0°; longshore/cross-shore domain size: 500/200 m
Strip Depth averaged velocities Near-bed velocities
Strip width Velocity range Strip width Velocity range
Strip I – innermost ~ 10 m 0.4÷0.5 m/s ~ 15 m 0.2÷0.4 m/s
II ~ 50 m 0.2÷0.4 m/s ~ 20 m 0.1÷0.2 m/s
III ~ 60 m 0.1÷0.2 m/s ~ 40 m 0.05÷0.1 m/s
Strip IV –offshore most ~ 40 m 0.00÷0.05 m/s
Tab. 1) Distribution of nearshore flow velocities for beach without groynes
Fig. 5) Depth averaged (top) and near-bed (bottom) water velocities for fully operational groynes and stormy wave conditions at 1200 m offshore Hs = 1.0 m, Tp = 4.0 s, Az = 315.0°; longshore/cross-shore domain size: 500/200 m
The case with fully operational groyne is presented in Fig. 5. When compared with un-engineered case it can be seen that water velocities between the groynes are much lower. In close shoreline proximity maximum values of water velocities fall between 0.1÷0.2 m/s, for greater offshore distances they do not exceed 0.1 m/s for both depth averaged and near-bed case. Outside groynes, at the strip adjacent to groyne tips, water velocities reach 0.05÷01 m/s, which means they are still lower than for un-engineered beach. The slowing effect of groynes disappears as far as 80÷90 m offshore and long shore water velocities beyond that distance are identical to those for un-engineered beach (cf. Fig. 4). From Fig. 5 we can therefore conclude that substantial decrease of water velocities in compartments formed by fully operational groynes largely contributes to significant reduction of sediment transport during storms. This can serve as justification for applications of groynes as beach stabilization measure.
Fig. 6) Depth averaged (top) and near-bed (bottom) water velocities for a shore-detached groyne and stormy wave conditions at 1200 m offshore Hs = 1.0 m, Tp = 4.0 s, Az = 315.0°; longshore/cross-shore domain size: 500/200 m
Fig. 6 shows water velocities for a situation, where the middle groyne lost 1/3 of its length at the root, while the neighboring groynes remained fully operational. The comparison of water velocities near the damaged groyne and near the fully operational middle groyne in Fig. 6 shows that water velocities in the damaged area are greater, particularly in the downdrift section. Maximum depth-averaged velocities there fall between 0.2÷0.4 m/s, while their near-bed counterpart reach 0.1÷0.2 m/s. Fig. 6 clearly demonstrates that the longshore current, formed in the gap, will be eroding the beach and carry away the sediment partly outside the compartment between the middle and right (downdrift) groyne.
The comparison with un-engineered beach shows that the loss of contact between the shoreline and the groyne is much more dangerous for the beach stability than leaving it unprotected. The major reason for this is that the emergence of a gap near the shoreline results in offshore sediment migration, whereas for un-engineered beach the sediment transport is directed predominantly in the alongshore direction.
Fig. 7) Depth averaged (top) and near-bed (bottom) water velocities for a groyne with mid-section gap and stormy wave conditions at 1200 m offshore Hs = 1.0 m, Tp = 4.0 s, Az = 315.0°; longshore/cross-shore domain size: 500/200 m
Fig. 7 demonstrates the distribution of water velocities for the case where the middle section of the middle groyne is broken along 1/3 of the groyne length. We can see a similarity with the previous case (lost contact with the shoreline) as to the direction of water flows but in general the velocities themselves are smaller. Only locally depth-averaged flows fall between 0.2÷0.4 m/s; in most shoreline-adjacent locations they usually reach the speeds between 0.1÷0.2 m/s. Also the near-bed velocities never exceed 0.2 m/s.
As regards the sediment transport, we can see a certain resemblance with Fig. 5 i.e. the case of the 'detached' groyne. In both of them the sediment will be showing offshore downdrift migration tendencies first toward the next, fully operational groyne and then offshore along that groyne. However, we should expect that due to lower water velocities for the gap developing in the middle section, the intensity of sediment transport for that case will be lower too.
Fig. 8) Depth averaged (top) and near-bed (bottom) water velocities for a shortened groyne and stormy wave conditions at 1200 m offshore Hs = 1.0 m, Tp = 4.0 s, Az = 315.0°; longshore/cross-shore domain size: 500/200 m
The 3rd type of groyne damage is presented by Fig. 8. It features a middle groyne whose tip is cut by 1/3 of the groyne length and framed by two fully operational groynes. Compared with the previous case (middle section gap in the middle groyne) we can say that directions of water flows are similar. Importantly, the speeds in close shoreline proximity are lower and do not exceed 0.2 m/s for both depth-averaged and near-bed case. The offshore current, generated along the shortened groyne will produce offshore sediment migration and then deposition after having passed the shortened tip. Thus, the intensity of beach erosion will be substantially lower than for the case of no groyne - shoreline contact.
Assessment of groyne impact on fill residence time
The 2nd phase of numerical simulations was concentrated on the assessment of fill residence time with and without the presence of groynes. The basic assumption for the simulations is that the area of three consecutive groynes was filled by 30,000 m³ of sand with D50 = 0.22 mm. The resulting post-nourishment seabed configuration is shown in Fig. 2. Also, the same fill volume and the same post-nourishment seabed configuration were assumed for un-engineered beach. All simulations were executed for three stormy conditions:
average, typical storms: Hs = 1.0 m, Tp = 4.0 s, Az = 315 °,
moderate storms: Hs = 1.5 m, Tp = 5.0 s, Az = 315 °,
heavy storms: Hs = 2.0 m, Tp = 6.0 s, Az = 315 °.
Results of the simulations are shown in Fig. 9. They represent changes of the amount of sediment volume that remained in the area of two groyne compartments, that is the surface of 60 x (2.90)=1800 m², relative to the amount of remaining sediment in the same un-engineered area. This is expressed by the coefficient W and expressed as:
[math]\left\{1-\frac{Q_{groyne}}{Q_{beach}}\right\}.100 [/math]%
Fig. 9) Effect of groynes on fill residence time
In this expression Qgroyne - is the volume of sediment lost from two groyne compartments at time t (days) and Qbeach - is the corresponding volume of sediment lost from that area when no groynes are present. Thus, when W > 1 the amount of sediment washed away from groyne compartments is less than for un-engineered beach, so the groynes contribute to beach stability.
The results of simulations provide evidence that the fill resides longer in the nourished region in the presence of groynes. After 4 days of continuous stormy conditions the amount of fill sediment remaining in the nourished area is 30 – 40% greater when the groynes are present. Importantly, the percentage of remaining sediment is greater for heavier storms.
For average storms and fully operational groynes, water velocities in groyne compartments are much lower than for un-engineered beach. Mass sediment migration is prevented.
For the cases of damaged groynes the numerical simulations provide evidence that the greatest intensification of beach erosion occurs when the groyne lost contact with the shore. For average storms water velocities in the gap are high enough to trigger intensive sediment migration and rapid scour development.
Groynes that lost contact with the shore are much worse for the beach stability than the beach without any protection.
When a groyne has a gap in the middle section additional sediment migration develops as well but is substantially less intensive than in the case of no shore-groyne contact.
For groynes damaged near the tip additional sediment migration is also visible but will be less intensive than for the case when a damage forms in the middle section and much less intensive than for the case of no shore-groyne contact.
Fully operational groynes increase the effectiveness of beach nourishment. Based on the numerical simulations, the average increase of residence time due to the presence of groynes is ca. 30%.
Groyne
Groynes
Groynes as shore protection
Shore nourishment
Dealing with coastal erosion
Gravel Beaches
↑ Basiński T. (1998). Ergebnisse des Forschungsvorhabens "Wirkungsweise von Einbauten in See" – Synthese, Leichtweiss-Institut für Wasserbau. Technische Universität Braunschweig. (Internal Report).
↑ Van Rijn L.C. (1993). Principles of sediment transport in rivers, estuaries and coastal seas. Aqua Publications, the Netherlands.
↑ Fredsoe J. (1984). Turbulent boundary layer in wave-current interaction. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering ASCE, Vol. 110, pp. 1103-1120.
↑ Pruszak Z., Ostrowski R., Skaja M., Szmytkiewicz M. (2000). Wave climate and large-scale coastal processes in terms of Boundary conditions. Coastal Engineering Vol 42, No. 1, 31-56.
The main author of this article is Rozynski, Grzegorz
With contributions by: Tadeusz Basinski, Rafal Ostrowski, Zbigniew Pruszak, Jan Schöhnofer, Marek Skaja, Piotr Szmytkiewicz and Marek Szmytkiewicz
For other articles by this author see Category:Articles by Rozynski, Grzegorz
Retrieved from "http://www.marinespecies.org/i/index.php?title=Deteriorated_groynes&oldid=77878"
Hard structures


Ready to learn more about the Postgraduate Certificate in Applied Behavioral Analysis?
Develop the knowledge you need to advance in your current ABA career or explore other opportunities in the field.
Prepare to sit for the Board Certified Behavior Analyst® Examination.
Complete a practicum experience to gain valuable real-world experience.
Learn from faculty who are working professionals in the behavior analysis field.
Expand your knowledge of behavioral disabilities with Purdue Global's postgraduate certificate in applied behavior analysis.
Understand how behavioral theories relate to real-world situations.
Employ assessment and intervention treatment procedures in applied behavior analysis.
Critically evaluate and relate psychological and behavioral theories and concepts to various situations within the field of applied behavior analysis.
Apply evidence-based theoretical and conceptual foundations of applied behavior analysis to arrive at appropriate professional practice strategies.
Understand and apply legal, ethical, individual, cultural, and social validity standards and guidelines set forth within the field of applied behavior analysis.
You will also complete a practicum experience to gain experience in the field and get a head start on field experience hours required for the Board Certified Behavior Analyst Examination.
To enroll in the online certificate program, you must hold a master's or doctoral degree in behavior analysis, education, or psychology from an accredited college or university.
You'll have access to CBA learning modules for ABA to supplement coursework and help you prepare for the exam.
Applicants will have to meet additional field experience requirements to qualify.
The graduate resource center and ABA student site offer resources to support students in psychology programs.
The ABA postgraduate certificate's curriculum includes seven courses that focus on supporting individuals who are developmentally disabled, autistic, or suffering from traumatic brain injuries.
You'll explore behavioral concepts and theories and develop assessment and intervention skills.
*Refer to the BACB's website (www.BACB.com) for full eligibility requirements. The BACB verifies university training as meeting its eligibility requirements; it does not accredit university programs. Students are responsible for understanding the requirements of optional certification exams. The University cannot guarantee students will be eligible to sit for or pass exams. In some cases, work experience, additional coursework beyond the Purdue Global program, fieldwork, and/or background checks may be necessary to be eligible to take or to successfully pass the exams.


text:
Chinese Developers threaten Antigua's Marine Ecology
Although Barbuda Labour Party stormed into power in June 2014 with the promise of transforming Antigua's economy into a Caribbean powerhouse, the way it has gone about doing so could potentially be a major environmental disaster. Read on to find out more.
Gaston Browne led his Barbuda Labour Party to a resounding victory at the polls in June 2014. His pledge to the nation was to transform Antigua into an economic powerhouse in the Caribbean. He stuck to his promise and the first 100 days of his office saw him approve a number of private investment projects valued at more than $3 billion.
The largest project scheduled to be in Guiana Island, will see the creation of the largest free trade zone in the country: it will feature an off-shore financial centre, villa communities of international standard, a 27-hole golf course, a gaming and a casino complex, retail, commercial, a five-star luxury resort, a multi-purpose conference centre, sports and other auxillary facilities, and a marina with landing facilities. The planning, construction and execution will be shouldered by the Yida Investment Group, from China.
Although the grand plan to revitalise the Caribbean economy and to create jobs seems great, Yida's clearing of mangroves on Guiana Island have raised the ire of local environmentalists. They have launched an online petition calling upon Prime Minister Browne to not allow the Chinese to break local laws and to conserve Marine Protected Areas.
"Climate change is going to change a lot of things that we know and understand about our environment and unless we are mitigating these outcomes it is just wasting time and effort to have something built and then 20 years down the line it would not be viable," says Tahambay Smith, President of the Environment Awareness Group (EAG).
He went on to add, "Climate change is upon us. What if 10 years from now the development is rendered non-viable because climate change has led to rising sea levels or something? First of all you are talking about a place that is naturally protected because anyone that's familiar with that area knows that you have a natural reef buffer zone that basically protects us from the raging Atlantic."
Smith was of the opinion that although development is important but it should not be at the cost of the environment, since it will have a detrimental effect for our future generations. Building a marina in the designated area would result in the destruction of sea grass beds and coral reefs.
"Yes we're all clamouring for jobs and we want to see the prosperity of Antigua and Barbuda but to what detriment and to what extent are we willing to give up to have a few more jobs? The value of mangroves to us as human beings is well documented by scientists. They provide nesting grounds and a breeding ground for fishes, lobsters, crustaceans and many others that aren't really tied to the Antiguan shores," says Smith.
"You might have nursing grounds here that affect St. Kitts, St, Maarten, Guadeloupe – the closer islands. It may extend beyond those islands but if you do something here in Antigua and you destroy these things, then that could affect our neighbours. It is not a matter of us just looking about our affairs or just looking for our own interest. It's a network; these things are interconnected," he clarified.
Ruth Spencer readily agrees with Smith. Ruth had served as the National Focal Point for the Global Environment Facility's (GEF) Small Grants Programme (SGP) in Antigua and in Barbuda.
"Our God-given marine ecosystems designed to protect our fragile economies must be protected. How will we adapt to the impacts of climate change if these systems are threatened? The protection of our marine ecosystems is our natural adaptation strategy. Once destroyed, how will be build resilience?" she questioned.
"There isn't much on a small island that isn't related to climate change these days and even more when you are speaking about a massive development all taking place at sea level within an extremely important area designated by law as a Marine Protected Area and zoned as an area for conservation," said Eli Fuller, President of the Antigua Conservation Society (ACS).
He went on to clarify that the area, in which the Chinese Yedi Group plans on developing, falls within the protections of the Antigua's Fisheries Act as well as the North East Marine Management Area (NEMMA). Both have been designated as Marine Protected Areas since 2005.
He further went to say, "Mangrove habitats help limit the effect of coastal erosion seen more commonly with climate change. Additionally, climate change possibly will see stronger storms, longer droughts and more severe floods. Mangrove habitats help filter sediments that run off from dry dusty landcapes whenever there's a heavy rainfall or flood."
"Filtering sediment helps save many ecosystems like corals and grassy beds which get damaged when they are covered in silt or sediment. Speaking of marine eco systems, there are so many things that are negatively affecting them because of climate change. Coral bleaching often happens due to effects of climate change and with weakened coral reefs and other marine ecosystems, careful protection is essential," clarified Fuller.
Prime Minister Browne though has a different angle regarding the concerns raised about the mangroves. He said "I want to make it abundantly clear that individuals, especially small minority groups with their fundamentalist ideals, those cannot take precedence to the overall good of the country."
He explained in order to complete some projects, "some fauna may have to be destroyed." He went on to add, "My government does not need to be schooled in the protection of the environment."
Fuller explains that the number of people who have signed the online petition is not an insignificant number, there are no "fundamentalist" minorities who are concerned with this particular development. "He has to know that people will hold him accountable for breaches in the laws which are there to protect Marine Protected Areas."
"The ACS sees a situation where our prime minister acknowledges this groundswell of support for sustainable development and more specifically for making sure that developers adhere to environmental protection laws. We think he will meet with us and other NGO groups to hear our concerns and to work together with us and hopefully the developers to ensure that the development is guided in accordance with the law and with modern best practices," said Fuller.
http://www.ipsnews.net/2015/05/development-threatens-antiguas-protected-guiana-island/
Tags : Antigua, Barbuda Labour Party, Caribbean, Gaston Browne, mangrove, Marine ecology

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY BASKETBALL MEDIA CONFERENCE
Malcolm Turner
MALCOLM TURNER: Welcome, and thank you so much for being here. I want to make a few brief remarks about our search before formally introducing the new head coach for our men's basketball program.
When we embarked on a new direction for this program, it was important to find someone who we felt really represented Vanderbilt University well, a strong leader who communicates well with student-athletes, who has a passion and affinity and track record for development, and an engaged teacher who supports excellence on and off the court, with a proven ability to win with toughness, with competitiveness, with command, with presence.
Interest in this opportunity was substantial. We heard from all corners of the basketball community. We are so grateful and honored for the many fine and excellent coaches who expressed interest in this opportunity.
There's a lot of great history associated with Vanderbilt basketball. We are really grateful and really hopeful that Vanderbilt basketball has great history, but it shouldn't be relegated to just history. There's a bright future ahead for this program.
With all of this in mind, Jerry Stackhouse emerged as a top candidate very early on in this process. Jerry is someone who has competed at the highest level of the game, whether that's under legendary head coach Dean Smith at North Carolina or his two-decade stint with the NBA.
He is someone who coached and developed young players with great success at all levels from AAU to the G League to the NBA. Jerry is someone who has consistently turned heads throughout the basketball community with his ability to connect, his ability to relate to players at all levels, and his ability to make players better, and ultimately his ability to win games. His teams play hard. They compete. They are well prepared. They have great culture. They develop and they win.
This is an exciting day for Vanderbilt basketball. I couldn't be more thrilled to have this announcement today. Jerry Stackhouse is a great new leader for Vanderbilt University and our men's basketball program. He's a highly skilled leader with an exceptional basketball mind, a unique feel for the game that's unparalleled given his extensive background, and he is otherwise a new, dynamic and relevant voice within the game of college basketball. He's committed to winning the right way.
It is my pleasure to introduce the head coach of our men's basketball program at Vanderbilt University, Jerry Stackhouse.
JERRY STACKHOUSE: Thank you, Malcolm. Good morning, everyone.
I am ready to anchor down, get it going. I'm incredibly humbled, joined today by my beautiful wife Ramirra, my oldest son Jay, and our friends, to be part of this moment for me today.
I want to thank Chancellor Zeppos, Malcolm, Candice for all they've done to give me this opportunity to come here and coach at Vanderbilt University.
As a head coach, I want to teach. It didn't matter what level that I got in. People felt that I was on a trajectory in the NBA, but when I had an opportunity to come here and met with Malcolm and talked about this excellent university, what it stands for from an academic standpoint, the confidence that we play in the SEC, playing at the highest level, it was just an opportunity that I couldn't resist.
I played for and coached against a lot of great coaches. From those coaches I've taken things that I like, some things that I didn't like to try to formulate my own system of how I feel the game should be played. That's what I'm going to try to do with these kids.
It's really gratifying to see kids get it. I mean by 'getting it' understanding what it takes to be successful and understanding how. A lot of things kids have to be taught what they need to do and how they want to do it. That's one of my strong suits, being able to develop not only individual skills, but have an understanding of the game and how it should be played.
I played against some great people, some great coaches. I'm just excited for this opportunity, to be able to blaze a path at this university. I coached in AAU basketball, coached in the G League, coached in the NBA. There's not a moment more proud than I am to be at this university today.
My family, my mom and dad, because of health reasons, aren't here today. I'd be remiss without thinking about them, what they meant to me. I just want to thank them for rolling me out of bed every morning at 5 a.m. to get on my knees, say my prayers, waking me up every Sunday morning, we was in church every Sunday morning, Bible study, everything. That's why I'm here. That's what they're getting.
Obviously I've been able to have some success at what I've done in basketball, but those are the two people that Vanderbilt University are getting. What they taught me, the value of integrity, treating people right, and teaching is what I'm going to try to bring to these kids.
The appeal of this university, obviously like I said before, the academic standards, that's what we're going to do. We're going to graduate student-athletes that not only are going to have success on the court but they're going to have success in life and be people that we're going to look for as some of the best leaders in the world off the court as well. I'm extremely excited about that.
We're going to play hard. We're going to play tough. We're going to play the right way. I'm extremely excited to get started with these guys.
THE MODERATOR: We'll open it up for Q&A.
Q. You mentioned that you just want to teach, whatever level it is. It was presumed you would be on the fast track to be an NBA head coach. How far back did you have aspirations of maybe coaching in college?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: Well, obviously I think North Carolina was kind of following Dean Smith. Once I got in there, he's my role model. He taught me the game. There's mentors before that, too, like my junior high school coach, Robert Murphy, who was a big conditioning guy. I got something from a lot of different people.
Rick Carlisle was a guy that kind of changed my game when I started coaching with him. I was averaging probably about 30 points a game.
He came in and told me, If you could average about 23.
I'm like, Huh?
You know what I'm saying? We went from a 32 and 50 team the year before to a 50 and 32 team. Sometimes less is more.
North Carolina, I was leaving almost every day. That first year at North Carolina was tough with Coach Smith, him telling me me and Brian Reese could be the best small forward tandem in the country. I feel like I can be the best small forward in the country by myself (laughter).
Those are the lessons and things you couldn't see as an 18-year-old. I think those stories that I can share with young student-athletes now should resonate. You hear a lot about the one-and-dones, all those different things. I was in those situations, so I understand the emotions that go with that from a student's standpoint, from a family's standpoint.
I'm excited to be here. Yeah, the NBA was where I've been for the last few years. It was an easy transition from my playing career. I got away from the game, did some broadcasting, did some of the things you guys are doing right now. I quickly got away from that and got back into what I love and what I have a true passion for, and that's teaching and coaching basketball.
Q. Malcolm called you a new voice. You said you have a clear idea of how the game should be played. What's the essence of modern basketball?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: Everybody talks about pace and space, play an up-tempo style. No one wants to play at a quicker pace than me. We want to get out, run, rebound the ball. At the same time if you don't have good opportunities, we want to work the defense. I want to make sure that we're getting great opportunities, high percentage of shots on the offensive end.
I'm not coming in necessarily with an offensive philosophy. I think a lot of that is based on your personnel. So if I got a guy that I can throw the ball to, I know everybody wants to shoot a ton of threes, if I have a guy efficient on the block, we want to take advantage of that. If we have shooter, we want to take advantage of that.
I think all those things are changing depending on personnel. What we are going to do is defend. We're going to defend a certain way. That requires a toughness and a level of togetherness and competitiveness because you're not going to make shots every night. What you can do is give yourself an opportunity to win by being real staunch on the defensive end. That's where my teams have been in the past.
I pretty much got the identity as a scorer, I figured out what I didn't like to see as an offensive player, kind of incorporated those things into a defensive philosophy that had bode well for me and my teams. It should bode well for here at Vanderbilt, as well.
Q. You have experience at the AAU level with the Stackhouse Elite Program. How do you feel that AAU program can help you transition into getting a feel for the college recruiting game?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: I think that's a great point. Those experiences and those relationships, everything is based on relationships. Fortunately for me, I was able to have and forge a lot of relationships with a bunch of AAU programs, a bunch of AAU directors. It's great to have the talent scouts and everything. At the same time there's always still a degree of separation from just those players and how you can actually get those players.
Fortunately those relationships that I have from there will bode well for us to get those type of players. Obviously it's a little tougher to recruit here because of the standards that we have. We're proud of those standards. We're going to find those athletes that fit the bill, not only on the floor but in the academic arena, as well.
We're excited about that and excited about the possibility of getting out on the road, getting into living rooms and telling kids how we can help them obviously off the court, but on the court as well.
I don't think there's really a coach in the country that has a better blueprint of what's needed and what is prepared to go to that next because I've done it. I see the kids coming in, see the development that's needed for them to have success.
In the G League, a lot of those kids are maybe just a smidge under those 60 players that got drafted. Some of them did get drafted. I see a lot of them. There's not a big difference, a lot of gap. They're right on the precipice of being a lottery pick. A few little things, nuances, that if they learned it at the college level could have been a difference in them being drafted or not.
Hopefully I can bring that to the table to help out our prospects to have that type of ability.
Q. Obviously recruiting is the lifeblood for any strong athletics program. From your background and skills, what will help you and your staff be competitive in the SEC?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: I just think the fact that, again, there's select players that we will target. Again, those relationships. I know what it looks like because I've had all these college coaches calling me when I was running my program, understand that dynamic. I understand the dirty world of it, as well. We're going to always be above the fray in that. We're going to do it the right way.
Like I said, still to Coach Smith, always reference him because I know he always did it the right way. He sold me on the program. He didn't promise me anything, didn't promise me I was going to come in and play 30 minutes a game, which I didn't. But he promised me that he would be a foolish coach if he didn't play his best players. I took that challenge.
I was getting promises from everybody else: You're going to come in and play 40 minutes a night, do this, do that. I took the challenge of going to a place where things weren't promised to me, that I had to work for.
That's what we're going to be here. We're not going to try to fool anybody. If you want to come to a place that's second to none from an academic standpoint, that's second to none from the level that you play in the SEC and in this conference. I feel second to none in what you're going to learn about the game and how to play the game the right way and play it at a high level.
Q. You've talked about Dean Smith a lot. When you look back at your time as a player, what specifically from his coaching did you see that you still carry with you now?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: Well, no middle. We're a no middle team. A big article came out this morning about no middle impact line. We're a no middle team. On the post, on the perimeter, we're a no middle team. Those fundamentals.
Again, treating people the right way, man. I think there's still a hierarchy when it comes to players. Your seniors are your leaders. They teach the younger ones. That's the way it was. The freshmen, they got to come in and earn things. They got to carry the bags. They got to get the older guys some donuts, all that type of stuff.
It's going to be a good mix of a little bit of NBA hazing, you know what I'm saying, and college. Whatever we can do to make it tough on them to let them know they're not going to come in here and have their way, that you earn things by doing things the right way, by having tenure. By the time you're a senior, you understand what we're doing, now it's your responsibility to give back, 'each one teach one', we're going to live by that.
Q. I know you can't talk about specific players, but have you talked to any of your current commitments? Have you reached out to any other kids that the previous staff was not recruiting?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: Yeah, actually I'm still getting and evaluating everything. Everything has been a whirlwind the last few days. After this press conference, we'll try to figure out the scholarships. We have some guys in the portal that hopefully we'll be able to get back and things like that.
For the most part I'm just focused on the guys that we have right now. I was able to meet with the team yesterday. It was just exciting to see the excitement in their eyes about getting going. I couldn't help myself. I saw that big whiteboard, I started drawing up plays, started talking about our defensive schemes, things we're going to do offensively. Everyone was engaged and excited.
After that, I was still taking a tour of Memorial. Next thing I know, I saw a few guys out there on the court shooting around. I think they was getting kind of pumped up and ready to go.
That's what it's about. Have them understand what's required of them, for them not -- initially to be me and the coaching staff hold them accountable. But on great teams I've been on, players, they find a way to eventually hold each other accountable. Those are the teams that have the most success.
Q. You know Malcolm from the G League. How much was his presence here a factor in your interest in this job?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: Very much so. Like I said, he's a lot older than me (smiling). He came out in '93, I was just coming in. We didn't overlap there.
Just having an opportunity to see him work, the innovative things he did for the G League while I was there. I think the things I was able to do in a short amount of time, there was just a mutual respect there.
I can't really say there's too many college situations that I was looking to go to. Again, with my trajectory being what it was in the NBA, I was on pace to sit down and talk for a head coaching job in the NBA this off-season already with a couple of teams, had those interviews lined up.
But when Malcolm approached me about the possibility of this job, just being here, all encompassing with this university, it was hard for me to say no to him. I'm super excited that they feel that I'm the guy to be able to bring the magic back to Memorial. I'm truly, truly excited about that.
Q. Another G League related question. Jerry, how do you feel that league prepared you for this? How difficult is it to get a team to play the way you want them to play in the G League? Malcolm, how much of what you saw there led to this?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: I think the thing about it is I started in the G League, and I had 15 guys that I knew nothing about. We had to build a team. We had to build a culture. We had to build a way of doing things. We were able to have success with that. We were able to win a championship in that very first year.
Then the next year, we come right back. I have 15 different guys, different players. I think that's parallel to what I'm coming into right now. I'm having 15 guys I didn't recruit, that I don't really know. But we can build. For that team I had the second year started 4-10. We wind up 32-18. But we were consistent every day. The fruits of the labor doesn't always come right away sometimes. You have to continue to just kind of stay steadfast.
We had some real tough moments, some tough conversations. I told those guys if they stick to it, continue to come to work every day, focus on the things that they need to do to get better, we would come out of that. They believed it, and we did. We made another trip to the finals. Unfortunately we lost in the finals.
But for a team that started off 4-10, to get it right and make it back to back-to-back finals, pretty much 30 totally different players, I liken that to this situation and being able to have some immediate change and success.
MALCOLM TURNER: For me, that was my opportunity to see Jerry work. His professionalism, his passion for development, his connectivity and relate-ability with players, his teams played hard. There was great culture.
Jerry is exactly right, rosters can be very fluid in the G League. We always joked, Your success is your demise. As players develop and move on, rosters change a lot. Jerry was always very professional, and his teams always played hard, were connected on both ends of the floor.
You talk to opposing coaches, they would always comment, You had to coach harder and play harder against his teams, were some of the things I observed for sure.
It was a real opportune, now that we're sitting here today, window for me to watch him work, watch how he goes about his business, builds culture and chemistry, a culture of accountability and an environment for teaching and development.
I saw that firsthand. Again, the more and more G League coaches you talked to who coached against Jerry, the more NBA GMs and coaches and others who you talked to, I just became very, very impressed with him and his contributions to the league.
Just as Jerry referenced earlier, an opportunity to watch me work, I had that same opportunity and couldn't have been more impressed.
Q. You've been down to Memphis the last few months. Any chance that you've talked with Penny and Mike and learned about the transition going from the AAU experience, NBA coaching, to now dealing with the NCAA and that whole rule book?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: Yeah, absolutely. I reached out to Penny probably about two weeks ago. We texted back and forth. I wanted to see what that looked like, transitioning out of his relationship with the grassroots program, with the NCAA rules and everything. We're scheduled to connect.
I think it's maybe different. It's just more about getting with our compliance people and figuring out how all that transitions out. He definitely was open to sharing anything that he could help. Mike as well. But I did reach out to Penny.
Q. Malcolm, the track record of guys who are 'NBA guys to college' is not particularly stellar. Did that give you any pause? What sold you so specifically on Jerry? From a fundamentals aspect, on the schedule two games left, he has to pass the compliance rule book things. What kind of hurdles does he have to pass to really get going to be your head coach today?
MALCOLM TURNER: There are clearly some steps. Jerry referenced that earlier in terms of meeting with compliance, ultimately building a great staff around him to facilitate and accelerate his transition to this space. We're addressing that immediately.
But no hurdles whatsoever. I mean, what I admire about Jerry, there are a lot of folks I consulted within NBA circles, but Jerry even as a player began to develop a penchant for coaching. He was not one who wanted to skip steps, resisted this notion of not paying your dues. That's not Jerry. He had a real interest in this space and invested in it, invested in himself. Had no interest in skipping steps in order to do so.
I think he comes here enormously well prepared from that perspective. Again, his track record of development and coaching excellence in this space speaks for itself.
Well before his playing career ended, Jerry was already starting to think like a coach and do some coaching things in that regard. So I think he comes here enormously well prepared.
Q. Malcolm, this is your first opportunity as far as having to fill a position. As an AD, when you took the job, obviously you knew there would be days like this. From a philosophy standpoint, do you approach it with a clean slate or in your mind with all positions underneath your realm do you have individuals that you have in mind to fill future openings, like in the case of men's basketball, could be baseball one day?
MALCOLM TURNER: I came in with certain ideas, for sure. As I've also said a number of times, I'm never one to walk into any situation with all the answers to the test. I did have a few ideas in mind but was intent on very specifically taking a look at a broad range of different candidate profiles that we could go after.
I had a lot of folks who I could consult with in terms of developing a candidate list. Certainly there were some names that I was familiar with. But always intent on I want to do a complete and thorough search. I want to understand all names out there.
Yes, I have current relationships, but there's some relationships and connections I may need to make. There were a number of people who I consulted with in that respect. It was starting from a clean sheet of paper. Yes, I did have some initial ideas, but took great care not to jump to those ideas too quickly.
Whether I see Will Perdue or Shan Foster in the room today, or whether it was sitting college coaches, highly respected and successful coaches who I could use as a sounding board, other highly successful and respected coaches who are not currently in coaching relationships that I could tap into in terms of here is Vanderbilt, here is our need, fit really matters.
There were a number of people who I consulted with. Brad Stevens. His transition from college to the pro game certainly offered some very thoughtful, insightful comments for me along that way. It was a thorough, comprehensive process.
Yes, I did have a few ideas going into it, but again took great care not to jump to that end game quickly, wanted to canvas and understand different candidate profiles who I thought could fit here. Obviously we emerged and landed in a great spot. Couldn't be happier to have Jerry Stackhouse as the leader of our program.
Q. What specifically appeals to you about coaching at the collegiate level?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: I mean, I like coaching. It's not so much at the collegiate level. It's just about coaching basketball. I mean, I hear all the different things. I'm trying to figure out: Is there going to be another basket out there? Are they going to start running backwards, double dribble allowed, something? I don't know. It's basketball to me. It's teaching and coaching basketball.
I played there, too. I played in college. I understand what was there, the transition to this game. Like I said, I understand the recruiting piece of it is a huge piece of it, making sure that you are able to acquire talent. I think we have a great sell. We're attractive. We got the blueprint. I know what they're looking for. I know what the workouts look like when you go to a pro team. I don't know if all coaches have that.
I can get any coach in the NBA on the phone. I can get pretty much any GM on the phone. So can this guy right here. I think we offer a really attractive situation here now, and at the same time you're going to get one hell of an education when you come here. That was our pitch, and that's going to be our sell. Not much more than that.
Q. You mentioned how you would adapt offense to personnel. I assume defense will be the same way. When you get your kids in, is it going to be all man, pressing, some zone? What would you like to run?
JERRY STACKHOUSE: I think we run a base off a man defense. I think a lot of teams you see right now, they're doing a lot of switching, doing all those type things. Those are things that we will eventually get to. But our base would be on man-to-man defense. Will we play a little zone? Absolutely. Will we try to disrupt teams out of their timeouts, ATO's, a little full court press from time to time? If we are not making shots, may get down big, try to get back in the game certain ways. We're going to try to cover the gamut and schemes we need to have success.
Our base of who we're going to be on the defensive end is man-to-man.
THE MODERATOR: Thank you, everyone.


OpenVPN TCP & UDP. High-Speed Connections & Unlimited Data. Anonymous Registration. Kill Switch and DNS/IPV6 Leak Prevention. P2P/Torrents Allowed (Currently 1 Server supporting P2P). Unlimited Simultaneous Connection. NAT Firewall & AD/Malware Blocker. Hybrid VPN with SmartDNS on our VPN Network unblock Netflix, BBC Iplayer from any country. Private Log less DNS Servers.


Sometimes, you just have to get away and unplug. For me, it often results in some extended time outdoors. Most recently, it was a camping trip. My time away was filled with lots of pretty fall colors, cold air, good food, good conversation with good friends, an acoustic guitar solo exhibition, roaring camp fires and absolutely no cell phone service whatsoever. I did however, pack my little Fuji x100s and used it religiously. Here's a few images from my time away.


Home »GIFT IDEAS»Weddings»Champers Anyone? Champagne Glass Lights enjoy the sparkle.
Champers Anyone? Champagne Glass Lights enjoy the sparkle.
The Lighting Company pops the cork to celebrate 25 years in Lighting!
Buyers at the lighting company have hand selected a super range of sparkling champagne coloured lights, to celebrate 25 years in the industry. 'The Lighting Company' was established in 1988 and started life as a electrical wholesalers. A small range of mainly functional lights was introduced and over the years this grew and grew. Passionate about lighting the whole team at The Lighting Company are always on the lookout for fabulous exciting lighting to add to the range and here it is….POP! Champagne Anyone!
If you're feeling in a celebratory mood or fancy a little treat these sparkling lighting temptations have been launched to Lighting Company's website. Well after 25 years in the lighting, 'The Lighting Company' knows what's worth toasting. Champagne lighting is simply the latest range of lighting…go on take a peep you deserve a little treat.
Glorious glass pendants and table lamps tinted with golden lustre sure to brighten up any interior. It's just one ranges worth celebrating there are lots of luscious luminaries to choose from. Gold lights, copper lights, silver lights and rich silk shades too!
Why not consider champagne lighting as a Wedding gift. Most couples will have everything they need by the time they get married and it's a job to know what to buy… Why not buy something beautiful and practical lighting is one of the last things people buy when setting up a home together so you'll probably be buying something they'll want. Choosing wedding gifts needn't be a pressure or a chore. Consider pointing the happy couple to the lighting company website there they can add lights to a 'wish list'. They can email the wish list of favourite lights to well wishers and family to consider buying.
Buy Champagne Glass lamps for wedding gifts.
This simple shade has champagne tinted glass. Shown with co-ordinating suspension sold separately.
Crystal Chandelier. This sparkling Champagne coloured light is a super wedding gift!
Next → Next post: Lighting a kitchen Island 10 tips to choosing the perfect pendant!


text:
Q: Encoding in databases sql commands I will like to know what entity is responsible for doing the encoding conversions necessaries to accomplish a SQL command successfully. For example: you have several places where output a SQL command.
SELECT title from T1 where title='título'

This may be execute from within the database client (which I assume it reads the database encoding and encode its commands after that) but what happen when this is a string in a programming language whose string encoding is not the same as the database?
Where the conversion takes place? In the class that connects to the database? The database and the connector do some kind of agreement when they are handshaking?
I'll love some information about this topic or some link where I can read about it.
Thanks in advance.

A: Case Java + MySQL

*

*Internally in Java String is text is Unicode encoded.

*In a Java source text should have the same encoding that the java compiler uses. A wrong matching between editor and compiler would mess up string literals.

*Java thus transfers a Unicode string to the JDBC driver, the database client library.

*The MySQL connections string can indicate which encoding to use in the client library to communicate with the database server. useEncoding=UTF-8, so Unicode, would be a good international choice.

*The database can set a default encoding.

*As also any table.

*As also per column (say one for Hindi one for Chinese).

Besides the encoding, also the collation (sorting order of strings) is language and encoding specific. And have to be considered too.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Johann Daniel Eschenburg (* 9. September 1809 in Lübeck; † 26. Februar 1884 ebenda) war Kaufmann und Politiker in der Hansestadt Lübeck.

Leben

Eschenburg war der Sohn des Pastors an der Jakobikirche zu Lübeck, Bernhard Eschenburg (1762–1832) und dessen Ehefrau in zweiter Ehe Maria Dorothea, geb. Havemann, der Tochter des Kaufmanns Jost Hinrich Havemann. Er erlernte das Kaufmannswesen und übernahm von seinem Onkel, dem Senator Johann Joachim Havemann, dessen Holzhandlung Jost Hinrich Havemann & Sohn. Er gehörte den Novgorodfahrern an und war deren Ältermann. 1846 wurde er Senator der Freien und Hansestadt Lübeck.

Er gehörte zu den Gründern der Handelsbank in Lübeck.

Ein Sohn, Hermann Eschenburg, folgte ihm als Inhaber der Holzhandlung und wurde später Bürgermeister der Stadt.

Sein jüngster Sohn, August Eschenburg, trat nach dem Besuch des Katharineums 1867 als Avantageur zum Militär. In seiner militärischen Laufbahn stieg er bis zum Kommandeur des Infanterie-Regiments Nr. 128 zu Danzig auf, bevor er 1902 für seinen Lebensabend als Generalmajor in seine Geburtsstadt zurückkehrte.

Eschenburg wurde mit der Gedenkmünze Bene Merenti ausgezeichnet.

Trivia
Thomas Mann setzte ihm in seinem ersten Roman, Buddenbrooks, in der Gestalt des "Senator Huneus" ein Literarisches Denkmal. Der Rechtsanwalt und Lebemann, Dr. Andreas Gieseke, erwirbt durch die Heirat mit einem Fräulein Huneus einen Platz in der ersten Gesellschaft und eine bedeutende Mitgift (VIII, 1., 487). Auch Hermann Hagenström ist mit einer Huneus verheiratet.

Literatur

 Emil Ferdinand Fehling: Lübeckische Ratslinie. Lübeck 1925
 Walther Schärffe: Aus der Geschichte der Firma Jost Hinr. Havemann & Sohn, Lübeck, Holzimport und Hobelwerk, Lübeck 1958
 Wolfgang Eschenburg: Jost Hinr. Havemann & Sohn, Lübeck: 1733-1958; Text der am 9. Febr. 1958 durch Wolfgang Eschenburg gehaltenen Festansprache zum 225jährigen Jubiläum der Firma, Lübeck 1958
 Karl-Wolfgang Eschenburg: Das Eschenburg'sche Familienlegat. In: Der Wagen 2000, ISBN 3-87302-097-1, S. 83–88
  (Familienartikel)
 Hans-Jochen Arndt: Ein lübsches Unternehmen mit Tradition. Zur Geschichte der Firma Jost Hinr. Havemann & Sohn. In: Der Wagen 1984, S. 32–46.

Einzelnachweise

Senator (Lübeck)
Unternehmer (Lübeck)
Novgorodfahrer (Lübeck)
Johann Daniel
Deutscher
Geboren 1809
Gestorben 1884
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Unlike ordinary Birthday Candles, Color Flame Candles burn the same color as the candle itself, and have a magical effect, giving a very beautiful feeling.
Looking for ideal Package for Party Decoration Manufacturer & supplier ? We have a wide selection at great prices to help you get creative. All the Decoration Multicolor Candles are quality guaranteed. We are China Origin Factory of Coloured Flame Cake Candle. If you have any question, please feel free to contact us.


The Ekol Clarity 8 Smoke Exempt is a multi-fuel stove which has a traditional look with a contemporary twist. It has a traditional construction with the addition of the latest Cleanburning technology which makes the Clarity range suitable for use in Smoke Free zones. The Cleanburning technology also keeps the stove and chimney cleaner which takes a lot of the effort out of maintaining a woodburning stove.
The Clarity stoves are available in both low and high versions – the high version providing space for log storage beneath the stove. The Clarity 8 has a large window for maximum view of the fire and uses an Airwash system to ensure that the glass remains clear.
The Clarity 8 has a nominal heat output of 8kW and an efficiency rating of 78%.


text:
Q: Using vanilla + busybox Linux kernel, how to check if partition is encrypted? I have a networked drive that runs off vanilla Linux Kernel, and ultra-minimalist BusyBox, on a Ralink SoC custom CPU. It has SMB inside, Telnet access, as well as HTTP server. Even basic commands such as apt are not installed, adding to the difficulty.
It is sold as a fully-encrypted storage drive, but I would like to verify that fact by myself.
How would I check if the drive inside is really encrypted, without tearing apart the device?


text:
Rewarding U
Join My UQU Rewards
Supporting U
Student Advocacy & Support
Proof Reader List
Welfare & Wellbeing
Entertaining U
Esports Gaming Centre
Feeding U
UQU Vouchers
Outlet Feedback
Connecting U
Your Social Life
Clubs & Socs Quiz
Representing U
SSAF
Academic Advocacy Network
Union Business
UQU Collectives
Women's Collective
The UQU Women's Collective is an autonomous group on the University of Queensland campus, non-affiliated with any political party, external organisation or values-driven belief. The goal of the Women's Collective is to represent and women on campus through a range of events and campaigns.
The UQU Women's Collective (UQU WC) is an autonomous group on the University of Queensland campus, non-affiliated with any political party, external organisation or values-driven belief. The goal of the Women's Collective is to represent and women on campus through a range of events and campaigns.
The UQU Women's Collective aims to engage people with each other as feminists and feminist theory as a whole, run events, raise consciousness and have fun. We are a group that meets regularly to discuss feminist affairs. In addition, the Women's collective regularly hosts events such as the annual International Women's Day Breakfast, small social events, and networking opportunities and run campaigns to engage students on campus and educate people in regards to current feminist issues.
Who can become a member?
All UQ Students who identify as Women or non-binary.
What are the interests of your collective?
Want to find out more about this collective? Keen to become a member? Connect with us on social media!
Sign up to the monthly UQU Newsletter for the latest events, freebies & announcements.
© 2020 University of Queensland Union
Work for UQU


The Terrace Spiral Hose has a length of 7.5 metres and is therefore particularly well-suited for small gardens, balconies and terraces.
The hose connector is already equipped with a sturdy integrated bracket, to enable space-saving storage of the hose. As a result of the proven quality, the bracket, hose and tap have a sturdy connection – everything fits together perfectly and remains watertight.
After use, the hose returns to its original form. Arduous winding and unwinding is no longer necessary.


Accidents are a nightmare in themselves and, having to deal with an accident vehicle afterwards can cause even more stress. At Galaxy Car Removals understands you'd just as soon be rid of your accident vehicle with the least hassle, which is why we offer easy and convenient Accident Car Removals Sydney, and put cash in your pocket before we leave.
We understand there's different severities of wrecked vehicles, and at Galaxy Car Removals, we accept them all! Whether you've been in a fender bender, or a full blown accident that's left your car shredded into pieces, we will provide you with the best value cash offer. We are the experts to call for a top dollar removal in Sydney. At Galaxy Car Removals our customers are always guaranteed the best value for their Accident Car Removals, no matter its age and condition, running or not. Your vehicle can be completely totaled, frame twisted or engine blown. No matter how bad it is, with us it still has value.
Think maybe you can get a few dollars for salvaging parts from your old care? Then you are right! Galaxy Car Removals are expert car dismantlers. That's because we offer our customers top cash on their Car Removals. Because of our first rate car dismantlers, we can take even the scrappiest scrap vehicle and salvage it for parts and then crush its metals for scrap. When you call us, you call an expert car dismantler in Sydney who knows their business.
Contact Galaxy Car Removals to get top dollar when we perform your Car Removal in Sydney. Galaxy Car Removals is Sydney's top paying Car Removal company that pays cash at the time we remove a vehicle. Our Cash For Cars concept is simple, you call us to obtain an offer and we will provide you with Cash For Car offer.
At Galaxy Car Removals Not only do we pay you for any unwanted or Scrap Car but we also offer free vehicle removal as well, so you don't have to worry about any hidden fees. Our Sydney Car Removals are always free and always convenient. Galaxy Car Removal offers you free Scrap Car Removal no matter the make or model, whether it is a Scrap Car, a junk car, or even an old or damaged vehicle. Galaxy Car Removal we offer a removalist service that is absolutely free of charge! So take advantage of our expert services and call us today!
Our Car Removals Sydney aren't just free, we pay you to come remove your wrecked vehicle for you.
We will come to your location and not only take it off your hands for free, we will put cash in your pocket. We offer all suburbs of Sydney Free Car Removals that pay! At Galaxy Car Removals we can pull out a pretty penny in even a junk car.
When you call Galaxy Car Removals there's never an issue with the age or condition of your vehicle. We accept any year, make and model of vehicle, as well as any condition. Don't worry about making repairs, or shining the vehicle to prep it for sale. Just give us a call and we'll gladly offer you a top cash offer on your vehicle, just the way it is. We don't mind if the vehicle is running or not. When you call Galaxy Car Removals you get top dollar on your car removal, no matter what your vehicle's condition.
We are expert auto wreckers with years of experience in the industry and all the right tools and equipment to take your unwanted vehicle and salvage all or parts of the vehicle to put cash in your pocket for its removal.
After an agreed upon price Galaxy Car Removals provide a free pickup and towing of your Unwanted Cars or trucks. We can organise a pick up from anywhere in Sydney at no charge to you. We are one of the most proficient and experienced operators of heavy salvage and recovery services in Sydney. With no job too big or small, no matter the condition, make or model, we provide a reliable and hassle free removal service and pay you top dollar for it.


text:
Q: get_theme_mod outputs number when using WP_Customize_Cropped_Image_Control I have added a few sections to the customizer but am having trouble when trying to call the image I have defined. The back end works great but when I call it using get_theme_mod it echos a two digit number, like 23. I have several sections in the theme customizer (non-images) and don't have any issues.
In functions.php (simplified to just this one example):
function theme_customize_register( $wp_customize ) {
    $wp_customize->add_section( 'theme_about' , array(
    'title'      => __( 'About', 'theme' ),
    'description' => 'Add phone, email, and social buttons'
    ) );

    $wp_customize->add_setting( 'about_facebook_logo' );
    $wp_customize->add_control( new WP_Customize_Cropped_Image_Control( $wp_customize, 'about_facebook_logo' , array(
    'label' => __('Facebook Image', 'theme'),
    'section' => 'theme_about',
    'settings' => 'about_facebook_logo',
    'flex_width'  => true,
    'flex_height' => true,
    'width'       => 46,
    'height'      => 46,
    ) ));
}
add_action( 'customize_register', 'theme_customize_register' );

In my footer.php:
<?php echo get_theme_mod( 'about_facebook_logo' ); ?>

This outputs the number 23.
ANSWER
Thanks to Rarst's thoughts below, I was able to come up with a solution.
<?php $fbID = get_theme_mod( 'about_facebook_logo' );
      echo wp_get_attachment_url( $fbID ); ?>

A: I am not very familiar with Customizer part of code, but my immediate guess would that number is attachment ID for the uploaded image.
IDs are most typical and reliable way to store connection to particular media item within WP installation. It is trivial to get from ID to other representations, such as URLs to different image sizes. However it is quite challenging to go in reverse direction, such as determine ID (if any) for arbitraty image URL.
You can check if number matches up with ID in admin (typically exposed in URL) and use API functions on it (such as wp_get_attachment_image_src() and others).


The Rent Reasonableness Manager will assist housing authorities in determining if the contract rent being charged for a subsidized unit is reasonable compared to other non-subsidized units in similar locations. The Rent Reasonableness Manager will track comparable units and requested units by location, features, and amenities.
The comparison categories are completely definable by the housing authority. The housing authority can define all location, feature, and amenity categories and point value for each section.
The housing authority can also define areas. Areas allow the agency to perform the comparison by a particular location. The comparison by area allows the agency to compare units not only by features and amenities, but also ensures the units are in the same geographical area.
The certification process will perform a comparison of comparable units to the requested unit to determine if the rent is reasonable. This process will also generate a certification form.
There are over 21,000 comparable and requested units entered in PHA-Web.


WASHINGTON (AP) — The military services are already beginning to recruit women for combat jobs, including as Navy SEALs, and could see them serving in previously male-only Army and Marine Corps infantry units by this fall, according to new plans endorsed by Defense Secretary Ash Carter and obtained by The Associated Press.
Some of the services predict that only small numbers of women will volunteer or get through training courses, details of the plans show. The Marine Corps estimates 200 women a year will move into ground combat jobs. And the U.S. Special Operations Command said it anticipates a "small number" of volunteers for its commando jobs.
The military services said they plan to carefully evaluate recruits, including new types of testing that helps predict whether the person — either man or woman — has the ability to meet the difficult physical demands of the combat jobs. The services plan to conduct regular review and collect injury data that will help guide training and other changes that might be needed.


I found another one of those recipes that is supposed to be just for one, chocolate cake. I figured before I even started that it would be for four though. Just a portion size thing. The Tall Short Person said dessert before dinner. The Small Mister did not even help stir! He was helping Grandpoppa. But eat it he did!
Now, since I have been eating so many more meals based around protein and vegetables (my arthritis pain is greatly decreased), my sweet tooth has lowered. This was good but you know, I really preferred the slice of fresh out of the oven bread I had later this evening. Yes, I am strange.
3 tablespoons small semi-sweet chocolate chips.
Preheat oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit. Butter four small ramekins.
Mix the egg, oil, milk, vanilla, and sugar together in a bowl. Add the flours, cocoa, and salt. Mix well. Mix in the chocolate chips. Spoon evenly into the four ramekins.
Bake for 20 minutes or until the edge pulls away from the ramekin and a knife comes out fairly clean.
Small Mister liked it so much he needed two forks.
The Tall Short Person thought it was this horrible. She volunteered to take one for the family and eat everyone's.


In the additive RGB color model, color #021606 (hexadecimal – hex triplet) has values of 2 (1% red), 22 (9% green) and 6 (2% blue). In the CMYK (subtractive color model), color #021606 has values 91% cyan, 0% magenta, 73% yellow and 91% black. In the HSL model, it is represented by 132° hue, 83% saturation and 5% lightness. Win32 representation: DWORD COLORREF C=0x00606120. Decimal value is 136710.
#021606 is not web-safe (Netscape). Nearest web-safe color is #000000. #021606 isn't X11 color, closest X11 color is Black (#000000).
Related colors (alternatives): Almost Black, Gray4, Gray5, RAL 9005, Smoky Black, Gray1, Rich Black (FOGRA39), Gray22, Dark Forest Green, Very Dark Green.
This table contains information about #021606 color values in the most popular color spaces: RGB (additive color model), CMY, CMYK (subtractive color model), HSL, HSI, CIE XYZ. This data can be downloaded in JSON (021606.json) and CSV (021606.csv) formats.
Share your experience with #021606!


text:
Read David Baldacci's John Puller Series in Order
When discussing thrillers, there are very few people who don't know the name 'David Baldacci.' After all, he's a #1 worldwide bestselling author, known for his action-packed novels featuring tough characters running toward danger and taking on jobs most people pass up. Baldacci's books are published in over 45 languages and in more than 80 countries, with over 110 million copies in print. That's no small potatoes!
And when discussing thrillers by David Baldacci, John Puller should always be mentioned, because he's one of Baldacci's best characters. A lone wolf military investigator with a hero dad and a criminal brother, Puller works hard to keep the country safe. He puts the needs and lives of others ahead of his own, and has a dogged determination when it comes to cracking military crime cases. And, boy, does he get some tough ones! But with his big brain and big brawn, nothing stands in his way for long.
If you've always wanted to read David Baldacci but didn't know where to start, or if you're a fan of books with heart-pounding action, murder, and intrigue, the John Puller books are the right fit for you. Below is a handy list of the David Baldacci's John Puller series in order, so you can clear your calendar and get started! (Also, while some people insist on starting with the first book, there's no rule that says you have to read the John Puller books in order. You do you.)
David Baldacci's John Puller Books in Order
In the first book, Puller is sent to a tiny town in West Virginia to investigate the horrible murder of a colonel and his whole family. A crime of this magnitude usually requires a huge investigation, but for some reason, Puller has been sent alone, which sets off alarms in his brain. Helping him with the investigation is local homicide detective Samantha Drake. Using his knowledge of crime, and Drake's information about the family and the town, Puller reveals a carefully constructed crime scene that hides a conspiracy larger than the tiny town can hold.
This item is a preorder. Your payment method will be charged immediately, and the product is expected to ship on or around October 31, 2011. This date is subject to change due to shipping delays beyond our control.
Being the best at your job is a blessing and a curse. It means you get results, but you also get the hard jobs no one else can handle. In Army Special Agent John Puller's case, it means being sent to tough crime scenes. But his newest assignment is even tougher than usual: the victim is Puller's aunt in Florida. While the local Paradise police think her death was an accident, Puller knows that just before her death, his aunt mailed his father a letter. The contents describe Paradise as a less-than-idyllic town. Fuller must unravel a far-reaching conspiracy to get to the bottom of his aunt's death before someone silences him too.
This item is a preorder. Your payment method will be charged immediately, and the product is expected to ship on or around November 20, 2012. This date is subject to change due to shipping delays beyond our control.
Related: Discover David Baldacci's Memory Man series.
In the third book in the series, Puller continues to have family trouble. Though Puller's father is an Army hero, his older brother Robert is a criminal. Robert was convicted of treason and imprisoned in a government facility. But somehow, Robert escapes from prison and becomes the most wanted criminal in the country. He's being hunted by men that don't want to see him captured alive, so the FBI send Puller to find him first. To find him faster, Puller teams up with another agent, but he's not sure he can trust her. He's beginning to suspect the details behind Robert's conviction might not be true. Can he reveal the truth behind Robert's conviction, find his brother, and extract him from an explosive situation before it's too late?
Puller is on his most personal case yet! When Army Special Agent John Puller was just a boy, his mother disappeared. Thirty years later, military investigators show up at Puller's ailing father's hospital room and accuse him of murder. With the help of his brother and a government intelligence agent, Puller must use what little he remembers from three decades ago to clear his father's name, and uncover the truth of their past. But it won't be easy. Paul Rogers is a man on a mission. He has a score to settle back in Fort Monroe, where the Puller family used to live. His thirst for revenge puts Puller right in his crosshairs. Will he get to Puller before Puller reaches the truth?
Get the Best in Mystery and Thriller Delivered to Your Inbox
WATCH NEXT:
David Baldacci talks about how he learned so much about the FBI, his trick to predicting movie endings, and his new series protagonist Atlee Pine.
Browse More Thrillers by David Baldacci
David Baldacci's Memory Man Books in Order
Read David Baldacci's King & Maxwell Series In Order
David Baldacci's Will Robie Books in Order
Liberty Hardy is a Book Riot senior contributing editor, co-host of All the Books, a Book of the Month judge, and above all else, a ravenous reader. She resides in Maine with her cats, Millay, Farrokh, and Zevon. You can see pictures of her cats and book hauls on Twitter @MissLiberty and Instagram @franzencomesalive.


Photo: The reenactment of the Battle of Lexington.
• MBTA: All subway lines operating on regular weekday schedule with added service before and after the Marathon. Copley Station is closed. Buses and trackless trolleys will operate on a weekday schedule. Commuter rail trains will operate on regular weekday schedule.


text:
package com.avaje.ebean.common;

import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;

import com.avaje.ebean.Ebean;
import com.avaje.ebean.ExpressionList;
import com.avaje.ebean.bean.BeanCollection;
import com.avaje.ebean.bean.BeanCollectionLoader;
import com.avaje.ebean.bean.BeanCollectionTouched;
import com.avaje.ebean.bean.EntityBean;

/**
 * Base class for List Set and Map implementations of BeanCollection.
 *
 * @author rbygrave
 */
public abstract class AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements BeanCollection<E> {

  private static final long serialVersionUID = 3365725236140187588L;

  protected boolean readOnly;

  /**
   * The EbeanServer this is associated with. (used for lazy fetch).
   */
  protected transient BeanCollectionLoader loader;

  protected transient ExpressionList<?> filterMany;

  /**
   * Flag set when registered with the batch loading context.
   */
  protected boolean registeredWithLoadContext;

  protected String ebeanServerName;

  protected transient BeanCollectionTouched beanCollectionTouched;

  /**
   * The owning bean (used for lazy fetch).
   */
  protected EntityBean ownerBean;

  /**
   * The name of this property in the owning bean (used for lazy fetch).
   */
  protected String propertyName;

  protected ModifyHolder<E> modifyHolder;

  protected ModifyListenMode modifyListenMode;
  protected boolean modifyAddListening;
  protected boolean modifyRemoveListening;
  protected boolean modifyListening;

  /**
   * Flag used to tell if empty collections have been cleared etc or just
   * uninitialised.
   */
  protected boolean touched;

  /**
   * Constructor not non-lazy loading collection.
   */
  public AbstractBeanCollection() {
  }

  /**
   * Used to create deferred fetch proxy.
   */
  public AbstractBeanCollection(BeanCollectionLoader loader, EntityBean ownerBean, String propertyName) {
    this.loader = loader;
    this.ebeanServerName = loader.getName();
    this.ownerBean = ownerBean;
    this.propertyName = propertyName;
    this.readOnly = ownerBean._ebean_getIntercept().isReadOnly();
  }

  public EntityBean getOwnerBean() {
    return ownerBean;
  }

  public String getPropertyName() {
    return propertyName;
  }

  public ExpressionList<?> getFilterMany() {
    return filterMany;
  }

  public void setFilterMany(ExpressionList<?> filterMany) {
    this.filterMany = filterMany;
  }

  protected void lazyLoadCollection(boolean onlyIds) {
    if (loader == null) {
      loader = (BeanCollectionLoader) Ebean.getServer(ebeanServerName);
    }
    if (loader == null) {
      String msg = "Lazy loading but LazyLoadEbeanServer is null?"
          + " The LazyLoadEbeanServer needs to be set after deserialization"
          + " to support lazy loading.";
      throw new PersistenceException(msg);
    }

    loader.loadMany(this, onlyIds);
    checkEmptyLazyLoad();
  }

  /**
   * Set touched. If setFlag is false then typically an isEmpty() call and still
   * considering that to be untouched.
   */
  protected void touched(boolean setFlag) {
    if (setFlag) {
      touched = true;
    }
    if (beanCollectionTouched != null) {
      // only call this once
      beanCollectionTouched.notifyTouched(this);
      beanCollectionTouched = null;
    }
  }

  public void setBeanCollectionTouched(BeanCollectionTouched notify) {
    this.beanCollectionTouched = notify;
  }

  public boolean isRegisteredWithLoadContext() {
    return registeredWithLoadContext;
  }

  public void setLoader(BeanCollectionLoader loader) {
    this.registeredWithLoadContext = true;
    this.loader = loader;
    this.ebeanServerName = loader.getName();
  }

  public boolean isReadOnly() {
    return readOnly;
  }

  public void setReadOnly(boolean readOnly) {
    this.readOnly = readOnly;
  }

  protected void checkReadOnly() {
    if (readOnly) {
      String msg = "This collection is in ReadOnly mode";
      throw new IllegalStateException(msg);
    }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------
  // Support for modify additions deletions etc - ManyToMany
  // ---------------------------------------------------------

  /**
   * set modifyListening to be on or off.
   */
  public void setModifyListening(ModifyListenMode mode) {

    this.modifyListenMode = mode;
    this.modifyAddListening = ModifyListenMode.ALL.equals(mode);
    this.modifyRemoveListening = modifyAddListening || ModifyListenMode.REMOVALS.equals(mode);
    this.modifyListening = modifyRemoveListening || modifyAddListening;
    if (modifyListening) {
      // lose any existing modifications
      modifyHolder = null;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Return the modify listening mode this collection is using.
   */
  public ModifyListenMode getModifyListenMode() {
    return modifyListenMode;
  }

  protected ModifyHolder<E> getModifyHolder() {
    if (modifyHolder == null) {
      modifyHolder = new ModifyHolder<E>();
    }
    return modifyHolder;
  }

  public void modifyAddition(E bean) {
    if (modifyAddListening) {
      getModifyHolder().modifyAddition(bean);
    }
  }

  public void modifyRemoval(Object bean) {
    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
      getModifyHolder().modifyRemoval(bean);
    }
  }

  public void modifyReset() {
    if (modifyHolder != null) {
      modifyHolder.reset();
    }
  }

  public Set<E> getModifyAdditions() {
    if (modifyHolder == null) {
      return null;
    } else {
      return modifyHolder.getModifyAdditions();
    }
  }

  public Set<E> getModifyRemovals() {
    if (modifyHolder == null) {
      return null;
    } else {
      return modifyHolder.getModifyRemovals();
    }
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Adolfo Horta, född 3 oktober 1957 i San Lorenzo i provinsen Santiago de Cuba, död 28 november 2016, var en kubansk boxare som tog OS-silver i fjäderviktsboxning 1980 i Moskva. I finalen förlorade Horta med 1-4 mot östtysken Rudi Fink.

Källor
 Denna artikel är helt eller delvis översatt från motsvarande artikel på engelska wikipedia.

Externa länkar
Amateur Record( 2009-10-24)
Sports-reference

Kubanska boxare
Kubanska olympiska silvermedaljörer
Olympiska silvermedaljörer 1980
Tävlande vid olympiska sommarspelen 1980 från Kuba
Tävlande i boxning vid olympiska sommarspelen 1980
Män
Födda 1957
Avlidna 2016


If you need something as simple as a spring replaced or you are in need of commercial door options like rolling steel or aluminum you'll find a great variety here at affordable prices.
A new garage door for your residential property is the easiest way to maximize curb appeal. With several styles to choose from, you'll easily find just what you are looking for to suit the style of your home.
Expect prompt service for sales, repairs and new installation, mostly within 8 hours!
Give your home an affordable facelift. Invest on a new garage door.
Let us replace panels and restore the integrity of your garage door. Browse our gallery and consider updating as well, it's quite affordable!
Call for a quote on commercial doors today!
Just need a panel replaced?


text:
Drinkware & Housewares, Trade Packaging & Printing
'Got Milk' Campaign Goes Modern With NFT Promo Using Scratch-Off Labels, QR Codes
We all know the "Got Milk" campaign by now. We've seen countless posters of sports and pop culture heroes with milk mustaches. To adapt to the times, the Milk Processor Education Program is adding NFTs to the campaign as a way to attract modern-day consumers, and using printed products to deliver them...
Trade Packaging & Printing, Health & Wellness
Chanel's 'Underwhelming' Advent Calendar Had Good Products and Packaging, But at Too High a Price
Chanel's glitzy-looking advent calendar nailed the packaging and branded look, but disappointed enough buyers this past December that it led to some backlash online. After buying the calendar, some buyers expected the products to match the $825 price tag, but were disappointed to find stickers, key rings and other items...
Journal, Office & Time Planners, Trade Packaging & Printing
2021 Supplier Excellence Awards Showcase: Warwick Publishing Co.
Warwick Publishing Co. has been a fixture in our Supplier Excellence Awards, and this year added to its lengthy list of wins with another Silver in Greeting Cards and a Finalist appearance in Calendars. To do that, the St. Charles, Illinois-based supplier had to overcome a number of challenges...
Food & Drink, Trade Packaging & Printing
Our 5 Favorite Promotional Products of the Week: Fruit-Scented Wrapping Paper, Dating-App Sweats and More
If you could be any superhero, who would it be? We'd pick Spider-Man, but while you think about your own answers, here are five super promotional products to inspire you. This week, our the Fave 5 includes scented wrapping paper, Bumble sweatshirts cereal from a galaxy far, far away and more...
Trade Packaging & Printing
Pantone Announces 2022 Color of the Year: Very Peri
Pantone has revealed its 2022 Color of the Year: Very Peri, a bluish purple the Pantone says "displays a carefree confidence and a daring curiosity that animates our creative spirit." The Pantone Color of the Year is a hue that the Pantone Color Institute believes encapsulates the general theme or feeling of society going into the year...
Don't Worry: The Mariah Carey McDonald's Holiday Meal Is Here With Special Packaging
McDonald's announced an upcoming co-branded meal with Mariah Carey, just in time for the holiday season. So far, the brand has only said there will be special packaging, but based on McDonald's previous celebrity meal collaborations, we'd be shocked if there wasn't a merchandise component to come...
Starbucks' New Holiday Cups Incorporate New Colors, Personalized Gift Tags
In an effort to be more inclusive, Starbucks incorporated a lilac shade into its annual red-and-green holiday cups. The cups also feature little spaces for baristas and friends to write personalized messages.
Trade Packaging & Printing, T-Shirts
Reddit's Ambitious New Branded Merchandise Plan Has Major Expansion Potential
Reddit launched a pilot program that will allow individual subreddits to host their own branded merchandise stores on-platform, with proceeds from sales going toward each subreddit's operating expenses. The initial launch includes just six subreddits, but the company indicated it could expand if things goes well. Reddit is home to 2.8 million subreddits in total...
Food & Drink, Drinkware & Housewares, Trade Packaging & Printing
PBR Toilet Paper? Pabst Blue Ribbon Will Pay You to Decorate Your Home With Branded Products
For its "In Home Advertising" campaign, PBR will pay folks to really go deep with logo placement. Beyond the immediate eye-catchers like rugs, table cloths and shower curtains, PBR is also giving customers things like label stickers for food in the fridge, toilet paper rolls, or billboards for inside fish tanks...
SnugZ USA Launches New Boxcar Full-Color Custom Packaging
SnugZ USA, West Jordan, Utah, has announced a new product offering with demand increasing in packaging and fulfillment. Boxcar Custom Packaging is now available as a fully customized, full-color solution with several sizes and decoration options to fit any budget. SnugZ will also offer custom sizes as well as fulfillment, warehousing and kitting services...
1 2 3 4 … 20 Next »


Alan Davidson is the Kitchen Cynics. I remember the first time I saw him perform over 10 years ago. In the Tunnels Aberdeen, I had honestly never seen anything like it and was mesmerised. Delicate, unusual, skilful, creepy, beautiful and psychedelic, he is all of these things. With over 100 albums released, Alan is one of the finest exponents of psych-folk in the country and is truly a DIY wonder that attracts genuine acclaim and respect from many established acts and musicians.


Assessment of the margin of safety.
Interesting question. First, I follow a top-down approach. In other words, the due diligence starts with the strength of the economy both in North America and globally, I continue with the global macro trends and finally focus on identifying specific industry trends and stocks in North America. On that front, I will look at the performance of the overall sector or industry that a stock is in because I believe that if the sector is doing well, chances are, my pick from this sector will also do well. That said, my margin of safety is largely determined by the following three factors: Low valuation on key metrics, low leverage and high insider ownership.


This one-day course meets the business needs of customers who are deploying the attack prevention features of ScreenOS software. The course focuses specifically on the attack-related features and assumes familiarity with ScreenOS software. Upon completing this course, you should be able to return to work and successfully configure and verify the desired attack prevention features. This course is based on ScreenOS version 6.3r14.
Attack Prevention with Juniper Networks Firewalls is an introductory-level course.
This course is intended for network engineers, support personnel, reseller support, and others responsible for implementing ScreenOS products.


Charles "Charlie" Donald Machof, 62, of Lincoln Park passed away on Sunday, January 20, 2019.
Visiting will be held on Tuesday January 22, 2019 at The Dangler Funeral Home of West Orange, 340 Main St. in West Orange from 4:00 to 7:00 PM.
Charlie was born in Jersey City, raised in Keansburg before moving to Freehold then to Lincoln Park one year ago. He bussed tables at Quiznos in Freehold for many years. Charlie was active with the Freehold Methodist Church. He loved to take walks and was very passionate about food and coffee.
Charlie was the beloved son of the late Maurice and Virginia Machof. Loving brother of Sue Volker and her husband William, and Cheryl Goldie-Suarez and her spouse Leonor. Cherished uncle of Dawn, Lisa, and Matthew. Loving great-uncle of 7.