text:
Jahn's Biblical Archaeology
Por Johann Jahn
§ 317. ON THE ANTIquity of these sects. 401
their fortune to sustain any public offices, they found themselves under the necessity of conforming to the sentiments of the Pharisees, for, otherwise, they would not have been tolerated by the people, Josephus, Antiquities, XIII. 10, 6. XVIII. 1, 3, 4.
The Essenes were a sect, who were very closely linked together, and constituted what may be termed an order of monks. The members of this sect not only lived in Egypt, and in other countries; but nearly four thousand of them resided in Palestine itself, particularly on the western shore of the Dead Sea. Consult Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews, XVIII. 1, 5, and Pliny's Natural History, Bk. V. ch. 17.
§ 317. ON the ANtiquity of these Sects.
It is remarked by Josephus, (Antiquities XIII. 10, 5–6) that John Hyrcanus went over from the Pharisees to the Sadducees, and thereby created much trouble to his family. This happened, when he was young, i.e. about the year 150 before Christ; of course both of these sects were not only in existence, but, it may reasonably be inferred, had secured no little notoriety, as far back as that period.
Furthermore; Josephus expressly says, (Antiquities XIII. 5, 9.) that the Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes existed, as separate sects, at the time, when Jonathan was prince, i.e. between 159 and 144 before Christ; that they were flourishing at that period, and were even then, as he remarks, ex rov Tavv agyatov. It is true, they are not mentioned in the book of Maccabees, but it is clear from the passage in Josephus just referred to, that they existed in the time of those princes. Some, however, suppose, that the Pharisees are meant to be designated by the word wouðatous, bver, the pious, which occurs in 1 Macc. 2:42. 7: 13, also in 2 Macc. 14:6. and that this sect are there called the pious, from the circumstance of their being desirous to do more, than the Law required; while on the contrary, other persons, (among whom are to be reckoned the Sadducees,) who were willing to be satisfied with adhering to the letter of the Law, and with doing as much and no more, than it demanded, were denominated top"Tx the just. That these sects, the Sadducees and Pharisees, were nearly simultaneous in their origin, there is hardly room to doubt; but the 402 § 318. on the DoctriNE of the PHARisees.
precise time of their origin is to be referred, at any rate, to a period, anteriour to the days of the Maccabees. It is further to be added, that the wouðwtot, Assideans, mentioned in 1 Macc. 2:42. are said to have been those, Škovouw£ous vot to wouq, Flor: =::r: o, who voluntarily fought for their religion ; and, furthermore, the Jewish soldiers in general, in 2 Macc. 14. 6. are denominated aoudatov. Josephus likewise (Antiquities, XII. 10, 3) does not call the agadatot Pharisees, but ayat ovs zwe dotovs lov et vows, the good and pious of the pcople. The circumstance, which is stated in PIRKE A both, viz. that Zaddok and Balthos, disciples of Antigonus Sochaeus, were the founders of the sect of the Sadducees, is not of so much weight, in as much as nothing of the kind is mentioned in Josephus. It seems to be the fact, nevertheless, that both Sadducees and Pharisees had their origin about the time of Antigonus Sochaeus, who was the disciple of Simon the Just, i. e. about the beginning or middle of the third century before Christ. In respect to the Essenes, it appears, both from their mode of life, and from the great numbers, who resided in that country, that they had their origin in Egypt. Philo likewise, in his treatise (dE vita conte MPL.) expresses himself in such a way, as to afford evidence, that this was the fact. He indeed makes a distinction between the Essenes or Esseans, Noes, and Therapeutae, begansvrat, but it is only in some minute particulars of small consequence. Both names signify physicians, for the members of this sect professed not only the healing of the body, but of the mind.
§ 318. ON the DoctriNE of the Pharisees.
The PHARIsees boasted, that they were peculiarly acceptable to God, on account of their accurate knowledge of the Jewish Law and religion, Josephus, Antiquities, XVII. 2, 4. Jewish War, II. 8, 14. Luke 11:52, 18; 11.
We shall give a short account of their opinions, as far as they are mentioned or alluded to in the New Testament.
I. They agreed with the Stoics in teaching the doctrine of fate, or an immutable order of things, fixed by the decree of God. Perhaps it may be more agreeable to some, if we should denomi§ 318. on the DocTRINE of The pHARisees. 403
nate their opinions in this respect the doctrine of divine Providence, i. e. that oversight in the Supreme Being, which rules and cooperates with all events in such a manner, as to prevent at least their being left entirely dependent on the will of man: since the actions of man himself are dependent on the eternal purpose of God, Josephus, Antiquities, XIII. 5, 9, XVIII, 1, 3, Jewish War, II. 8, 14. Acts 5: 38, 39. II. They taught, that the souls of men were immortal, and dwelt, after the present life, in some subterranean abode, (sheol.)— They further taught, that the spirits of the wicked were tormented with everlasting punishments, and that they at times made their reappearance upon the earth to vex men with epilepsy, mental derangement, madness, and melancholy ; that the good, on the other hand, received rewards, and at length passed into other human bodies, Antiquities, XVIII. 1, 3. Jewish War, II. 8, 14. III. 8, 5. Matt. 14: 2. 16: 14. John 9: 2, 34. It is no where remarked by Josephus, that they believed in the resurrection of the dead, but that they, nevertheless, held to such a belief, is clear from the New Testament. Consult Matt. 22: 24 –34. Mark 12: 18–23. Luke 20: 27–36. John 11: 24. 2 Macc. 7: 9–11, 14, 23, 29, 36. 12:40–45. III. The Pharisees believed in, and taught the existence of angels, both good and bad. The angel, that held the highest rank among the former class, they believed, to have been uncreated. The name of this angel, at least as it occurs in the more recent Jewish writings, is that of Mitt ATRoN. The highest in rank among the latter class, or the prince of bad angels, received various names, and was called the devil, SAMAEL, AshMedA1 or the tempter, a LIAR and homicide from the beginning, the old serpent, the PRINCE of this world, who accuses men before God and demands their destruction, Matt. 4: 3. Luke 4: 2. John 8:44, 14: 30. Rev. 12; 9. 20: 2. Heb. 2: 14. They believed, that angels were the ministers or agents of the divine Being on the earth, and that some one of them was assigned, not only to every kingdom, but to every individual, and at times made his appearance, Matt. 18:10. Luke 4: 10. Heb. 2: 5. Acts 12: 15. 23: 8, 9. IV. They believed, furthermore, that God was under obligation, and bound in justice, to bestow favours upon the Jews, to render them partakers of the kingdom of the Messiah, to justify, 404 § 319. DEFEcts IN THE MoRals of the pHARISEEs.
and to render them eternally happy ; and that He could not condemn any of them. The ground of justification in the case of the
Jews, they alleged to be the merits of Abraham, the knowledge of God which existed among them, circumcision, and the offering of sacrifices, Josephus, Antiquities, XVII. 2, 4. Jewish War, II. 8, 4.
Justin's Dialogue with Trypho, Pirke Aboth, Rom. 1–xi. Heb.
10: 1–18.
§ 319. Defects in the MoRAL PRINciples AND PRActice of the PHARISEEs.
The pharisees professed to aim at the strictest moral integrity in their conduct; but the principles, by which their conduct was guided in this respect, were in a great degree, both lax and erroneous. For instance,
I. They considered many things, which, in order to prevent greater evils, had been admitted to hold a place in the civil Laws of Moses, to be for that reason, morally right; for instance, the law of retaliation, (JustAlionis,) and the divorce of a wife, for any cause whatever, Matt. 5: 31. et seq. 19:3. et seq.
II. In some instances, they adhered too closely to the letter of the Mosaic Laws, and further perverted their spirit by accommodating them to their own philosophy. Thus, according to the construction, which they put upon the Law in respect to loring one's neighbour, they were bound to love their neighbour merely, and considered themselves at liberty to exercise hatred towards their enemies, Matt. 5:43. Luke 10: 33. They maintained, that the oath, in which God was not expressly named, was not binding, or, at least, esteemed it but of little consequence, Matt. 5: 33. On the Sabbath, they forbade the gathering of a few ears of corn, healing the sick, &c. Matt. 12: 1. et seq. Luke 6: 6. et seq. 14: 1. et seq.
III. They attached but little importance to those natural Laws which Moses had not enforced by a penalty, and gave a decided preference to the ceremonial Laws, as if the latter were great and weighty commands, Matt. 5: 19. 22: 34. 15:4.
They esteemed anger without any adequate cause, and likewise the exercise of impure affections, matters of but very little moment, Matt. 5: 21, 22, 27–30.
§ 320. on the tRAditions of the phanisees. 405
They were anxious to make proselytes, but they cared more about merely enrolling them in their number, than about making them better men, Matt. 23: 15. Avaricious and devoted to the pleasures of the world, they resorted to any measures, whether just or unjust, to procure riches, Matt. 5: 1–12. 23: 4. James 2: 1 –8. Luke 16: 14. Josephus, Antiquities, XIII. 3: 4, 5. They were so desirous of vain glory, and so impressed with the idea of their own personal sanctity, that they uttered their prayers publicly, in the sight of all men, Matt. 6: 2, 5. Luke 18; 11. They
took a pride in ornamenting the tombs of the prophets, Matt. 23:29.
§ 320. ON The TRAditions of the Pharisees.
The Pharisees observed a multitude of TRAditions, i.e. unwritten ordinances, which originated with their ancestors, and some of them indeed, as they maintained, with Moses himself. They not only placed these traditions on an equality with the Laws, which were acknowledged to be divine, but even esteemed them of still higher importance, Matt. 15:2, 3, 6. Mark 7: 3—13. TALMUD, Rosh Hashchana, p. 19, 1. Zebachim, p. 101, 1. Josephus, Antiquities, XIII. 10, 6. The practices, which were founded on tradition, at length made their appearance in a collected form in the Talmud, and in truth with many additions. By the aid of what is there stated, we shall endeavour to illustrate some things, which occur in the New Testament. The washing of hands before meals, (a custom, which originated from the practice of conveying food to the mouth in the fingers,) was eventually made a religious duty; on the ground, that, if any one, though unconscious of the circumstance at the time, had touched any thing, whatever it might be, which was unclean, and remained unwashed, when he ate, he thereby communicated the contamination to the food also. The Pharisees judged the omission of this ablution to be a crime of equal magnitude with fornication, and worthy of death. Consult the TALMud of Babylon, Aboda Zara p. 11, 1. Sota p. 4, 2. Berachoth p. 46, 2. Thaanith p. 20, 2. compared with Matt. 15: 1. et seq. They taught that, if a person had not departed from the


I guess this makes me a bad environmentalist, but I've never really had a big problem with opening up these offshore tracts as long as (a) the affected states are OK with it and (b) oil companies don't get sweetheart deals. But here's what I don't get. When it comes to energy, conservatives are crazy about two things: nuclear power and offshore drilling. Now Obama has agreed to both. But does he seriously think this will "help win political support for comprehensive energy and climate legislation"? Wouldn't he be better off holding this stuff in reserve and negotiating it away in return for actual support, not just hoped-for support?
Yglesias and Benen have the same question.


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Why is Traffic Policer a requirement to have? I am going through Albo's mods and comparing them to Ultimate Backup and Stop the Ped to try to use as little mods as possible. Just wondering why TP is needed. Cool! Glad I found this comment. I like Computer+ but it seems to crash a lot and flickers like you said. It was somewhat stable with 3.0 but worse with 4.0 so I was looking for something else. I haven't installed your Interaction+ yet but does your computer+ have everything the original Computer+ has? Also does it have the ped pics and vehicle pics when you look it up?
Congratulations on the trending #1... for now at least.
So still trying to figure how in the world we do this? Any tutorials out there for this? Thanks!
Been using it for a couple months now. Best pack I've ever used. Definitely recommend this to someone who is planning to make a video on it.
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Police Search - Search pedestrians and vehicles!
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2015 Tahoe texture is up.


RE: The tariff classification of a stretching yoga mat in a mesh bag from China.
In your letter dated July 23, 2001, you requested a tariff classification ruling.
You are requesting the tariff classification on a product that is described as a stretching yoga mat in a mesh bag, style # FE0021. The stretching yoga mat is made of 100 % polyvinyl chloride. The mesh bag that the yoga mat is packed and sold in is constructed of a 100 % nylon material. The mesh bag is specially shaped and designed to hold the yoga mat. The sample will be returned, as requested.
The yoga mat in the mesh bag is considered a GRI 3 (b) set for the purposes of the tariff schedule. When a set is classified using the principle of essential character, then it is a GRI 3 (b) set. Once the essential character of a set is determined, all parts of the set are classified as if the set only consisted of the essential character portion. The essential character of the set is imparted to the set by the yoga mat therefore both parts of the set are classified as other exercise equipment in chapter 95 of the HTS.
The applicable subheading for the a stretching yoga mat in a mesh bag, style # FE0021, will be 9506.91.0030, Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS), which provides for "Articles and equipment for general physical exercise, gymnastics, athletics, other sportsparts and accessories thereof: Other: Articles and equipment for general physical exercise, gymnastics; parts and accessoriesOther." The rate of duty will be 4.6 % ad valorem.


text:
Strike Commander (CD-ROM Classics)
CD-ROM 1
Manufacturer: Electronic Arts
Donated By: Ed Moran
Strike Commander is a combat flight simulator video game designed by Chris Roberts and released by Origin Systems for the PC DOS in 1993. Its 3D graphics-engine used both gouraud shading and texture-mapping on both aircraft-models and terrain, an impressive feat at the time. Significant plot elements were presented through in-game cut-scene animations, a hallmark storytelling vehicle from Chris Robert's previous Wing Commander games. Strike Commander has been called "Privateer on Earth," due to the mercenary role-playing in the game.
The game was mass released in 1994 as part of a Creative Labs bundle pack with Syndicate Plus, Ultima VIII: Pagan and Wing Commander II: Vengeance of the Kilrathi. It was also available in a CD bundle with Wing Commander: Privateer; both games included the core game, the expansion pack and voice pack on a single CD-ROM disc.
The game takes place in a fictional near-future (2011) where significant political changes have occurred in the world. It revolves around a group of crack private military contractor fighter pilots in a group known as the 'Wildcats', based in Turkey who fly F-16 Fighting Falcons.
The events that occur in Strike Commander are triggered by events starting 20 years before the game is set, actually the seeds are sown in the 1980s and onwards, with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the disastrous economic policies of the United States, conflict in the Middle East, the world-wide dependence on petroleum and the resultant rise in nationalism globally.
The player accepts missions from interesting characters and gets paid for doing them which allows the player to buy more weapons. The missions involve flying an F-16 and, in the last missions of the game, the more advanced F-22 and F-23, and accomplishing certain objectives.
Other simulators, such as the F-22 series from Novalogic have been compared with Strike Commander because of their simplified flight model and emphasis on graphic detail, which makes them relatively similar in terms of philosophy.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
Blind, or keenly self-regarding? The dilemma of Western philosophy
Carl Mika and Michael A. Peters
View as a PDF
In 2013, a range of scholars was approached, with a theme and a major question for a special issue of Educational Philosophy and Theory. The question was stated in the following way:
Does the Western tradition have the intellectual resources to overcome its philosophical blindness?
And in a subset the following was also asked:
Can it [Western philosophy] learn from, by, despite, itself? What are its major resources for this kind of learning? Does it have the capacity to learn from other traditions?
As a special invitation, this was sent out to scholars across the disciplines in the humanities and social sciences to write an invitational short paper in response to this issue. But the questions themselves exposed us to possible accusations of oversimplify-ing a set of complex problems. This oversimplification can occur in philosophy generally. Often, philosophical traditions are described as if they are geometrical, with one beginning at one point, and another—often its antithesis—taking over somewhere else. These discussions appear overly simplistic and symmetrical, and to evolve as if metaphilosophical discourses in those instances really do adequately represent what they purport to. The most well known of these spatially bound descriptions, at least in Western philosophy, occurs around Continental and analytical philosophy, the gulf between them possibly having its origin in the schism between poetry and philosophy but finding its voice in the famous Carnap/Heidegger disagreement. Each camp has been known to fight for its territory on the basis that it has some province that is its own and has adopted a 'manifesto [that] can be set up like a battlefield' (Caws, 2001). Underlying these positions is the most fundamental pursuit of clarity: identifiably crisp borders between the 'I' and 'you'.
If the battle lines that are drawn between Continental and analytic philosophy appear to be formidable and complex, then our readers may need to be warned that the contributors to this current issue are delivering various assaults of an even more difficult and multifaceted nature. The writers are not just thinking about Western philosophy as a rubric but also, at times, as a phenomenon that needs to be brought into question, with some tentativeness retained about its boundaries. Interestingly, this issue deals with Western philosophical blindness, and some of the contributors' discussions turn on disputing just how clearly demarcable Western philosophy itself really is. In general, the writers hint at its overlap into other traditions. They generally do not want to render too visible that which itself may be, by its nature, incapable of clearly perceiving other philosophical traditions. For the contributors, in some measure or other, the 'I', the Western creator of a manifesto of sheer truth has firmly brought the 'you' over into its philosophical kingdom. It has not just existed neutrally: it has acted against other possibilities, diminishing them but also reconstructing them in new ways. It has thus become a part of other philosophies.
Bringing something as Herculean as Western philosophy to account is no mean feat, and a dominant response centres on its indistinct edges. Even in its own right, as Enslin and Horsthemke propose and as we have seen in the disagreement between Carnap and Heidegger, Western philosophy is diverse. Enslin and Horsthemke argue for a rethink of the 'Western' rubric, itself a transformative and liberating act. Yet thankfully there is a general consensus that one may indeed talk of Western philosophy even if it is now shared by other traditions of thought and even if called such for the sake of convenience. The collection of papers in this issue hence gives us permission to move on from thinking about whether there 'really is' such a thing as Western philosophy and to start considering its texture in different ways. Rider argues this move most clearly by showing that one talks of the characteristics of Western philosophy in order to show its distinctiveness. There is a certain pragmatism referred to here that encourages us to not become bogged down in the problem of whether Western philosophy can or should even be addressed. Moreover, for Rider, there is an ethical need to question anew how Western thought must change, even if these enquiries provoke discomfort. Metz depicts the use of such terms as 'Western' as not necessarily essentialising but as limiting and suggests that the West must become less 'Western' in the narrow sense and question and redefine its scope from its current individualism. For the writers, there certainly is a phenomenon that, in the fashion of Barad, needs to be cut out and defined just momentarily as a 'local resolution within inherent ontological indeterminacy' (Barad, 2003, pp. 801–831). In the context of this issue, this temporary encapsulation must occur, it seems, so that we do not fall victim to any perceived grandiosity (and hence unassailability) of Western philosophy.
So how can the blindness of Western philosophy and its potential to transform itself from that state, be described? There is a common suspicion evident in the contributions of the grand Western narrative. Peters reiterates both Heidegger's and Derrida's respective positions on this problem, reminding us that Western philosophy cannot get to its own ontology through its rational method. It is barred, as it were, from look-ing at itself. For Peters, the metaphysics of presence is responsible here. One cannot, though, escape metaphysics but instead destabilise it, in the manner of Derrida, so that the absent is brought to the fore. Other philosophical systems, especially African and other indigenous, are considered to be more distant from pure Western thought than others, in particular because they do not have as their core worldview that same origin. Mika argues that indigenous cultures did not traditionally valorise the thoroughgoing rationalism that Western philosophy aspires to, and that if Western thought were more honest it would acknowledge, through its own subjugated philosophies at its disposal, the jolt of mystery that began each seemingly rational perception. Relatedly, Stewart disdains the West's preoccupation with precision through left brain thinking and its subsequent alienation of Maori students in science, arguing instead for a continued exploration of the differences (and an acknowledgement of that continuity) between both hemispheres of thought. Gross proposes that the aim of education is to inculcate a desire to ask where 'thou art' in relation to one's indwelling power. This process of enquiry is distinct from the Western one, which does not set out to ask whether, but merely assumes that the self is separate from other things.
Yancy notes that Western philosophical does not focus comfortably on issues such as race and that its superior idea of itself through its inherited whiteness limits its sight. It is through African American philosophy as what he terms a 'gift' of occasional discomfort that the West can, somewhat ironically, come to see its blindness. It is a phenomenon that troubles the Western self: for Engels-Schwarzpaul, this disturbance comes to the fore in the rifts that occur between supervisor and non-Western student and that open onto the unknown. This lack of certainty in the dynamics between them is potentially transformative for the academy. More broadly but in a similar vein, Roberts argues for an embrace of doubt within education. It is through 'educational agnosticism' that one can encompass doubt and mystery as productive agents.
Quite clearly, Western philosophy is not separate from violence: philosophy is not merely a neutral entity awaiting academic contemplation. Indeed, philosophy may be antidotal to violence, as Waghid proposes it should be. Waghid discusses the African notion of 'ubuntu', an ethics of 'caring and compassionate mutuality', of the disruption to atrocity that comes to being as an unconscious act. On the fact of the relation-ship between philosophy and resolution, many non-Western and Western philosophers alike would agree, and they may perhaps even state that Western thought—thus demarcated and defined if even just for a fleeting discussion—has consequences bigger than those assumed in mere intellectual discussion. For the current writers in some measure or other, Western philosophy must cease staring into the mirror of its own making, assuming who is fairest of them all. It may be that its own peripheral resources, or those of others, can force the West out of its reverie by drawing its gaze away from its own reflection.
Barad, K. (2003). Posthumanist performativity: Toward an understanding of how matter comes to matter. Signs: Journal of Women and Culture and Society, 28, 801–831.
Caws, M. (Ed.). (2001). Manifesto: A century of isms. University of Nebraska Press.
Carl Mika, Faculty of Education, University of Waikato, New Zealand.
carl.mika@waikato.ac.nz
Michael A. Peters, Wilf Malcolm Institute of Educational Research, University of Waikato, New Zealand. mpeters@waikato.ac.nz
PESA Agora editors have provided the citations & links for those who wish to read articles in this issue.
Educational Philosophy and Theory, 2015, vol. 47, issue 11.
Michael A. Peters (2015) The Humanist Bias in Western Philosophy and Education, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1128-1135, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991497
Carl Mika (2015) Counter-Colonial and Philosophical Claims: An indigenous observation of Western philosophy, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1136-1142, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991498
George Yancy (2015) Through the Crucible of Pain and Suffering: African-American philosophy as a gift and the countering of the western philosophical metanarrative, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1143-1159, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991499
Zehavit Gross (2015) How Can We Overcome the Dichotomy that Western Culture has Created Between the Concepts of Independence and Dependence?, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1160-1165, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991500
Penny Enslin & Kai Horsthemke (2015) Rethinking the 'Western Tradition', Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1166-1174, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991501
Thaddeus Metz (2015) How the West Was One: The Western as individualist, the African as communitarian, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1175-1184, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991502
Sharon Rider (2015) Human Freedom and the Philosophical Attitude, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1185-1197, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.992651
Peter Roberts (2015) Doubt, Despair and Hope in Western Thought: Unamuno and the promise of education, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1198-1210, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991503
A.-Chr. Engels-Schwarzpaul (2015) The Offerings of Fringe Figures and Migrants, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1211-1226, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991504
Georgina Stewart (2015) Actual Minds of Two Halves: Measurement, Metaphor and the Message, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1227-1233, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991494
Yusef Waghid (2015) On the (Im)potentiality of an African Philosophy of Education to Disrupt Inhumanity, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47:11, 1234-1240, DOI: 10.1080/00131857.2014.991495
Full Citation Information:
Mika, C., & Peters, M. (2015). Blind, or keenly self-regarding? The dilemma of Western philosophy. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 47(11), 1125-1127. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2014.991496
Carl Mika
Carl Mika is Associate Professor and Director of the Centre for Global Studies in Education at the University of Waikato, Aotearoa/New Zealand. His iwi affiliations are Tuhourangi and Ngati Whanaunga. With a background in law, indigenous studies and Māori studies, Carl has developed a knowledge base in Western philosophy (especially metaphysics, existentialism and phenomenology). His current research interests are the representation of philosophy as political act for indigenous peoples, and indigenous philosophical theorising generally. He co-convenes the PESA Indigenous Philosophy Group and is Associate Editor of Online Journal of World Philosophies.
Michael A. Peters (FRSNZ) is a New Zealander and is currently Distinguished Professor at Beijing Normal University, and Emeritus Professor University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. He has established and edited many journals and written prodigiously.
Article Feature Image Acknowledgement: Photo by Jeremy Lishner on Unsplash
There, for fortune: an 'accidental' academic life Part 4:
Colin Lankshear and Michael A. Peters
Racism and education at the heart of the American radical right
Nesta Devine


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text:
Seoul consumed less…
Seoul consumed less electricity while produced twice more
– From 2010 to 2013, the national electricity consumption increased by 9.4% in Korea. In contrast, the electricity consumption of Seoul decreased by 1.6%
– The percentage of Seoul electricity consumption out of the national total: 9.8% in 2013 from 10.9% in 2010.
– Compared with 2010, Electric energy generated from renewable energy increased 2.1 times, reducing Seoul's reliance on fossil fuels.
– 'One Less Nuclear Power Plant' and other daily energy conservation campaigns proved to be effective as many households and companies supported the cause.
– Despite the reduction of electricity consumption, the electricity charges have increased six times for the last four years, raising the charges by 13%.
– There was no substantial difference for monthly average electricity charges for each household as a result of energy conservation efforts and increase of the household number.
– In order to increase the power self-sufficiency ratio of Seoul to 20% by 2020, the SMG plans to expand its energy efficiency policies.
From 2010 to 2013, the national electricity consumption increased by 9.4% in Korea. In contrast, the electricity consumption of Seoul decreased by 1.6% during the same period. The percentage of Seoul electricity consumption out of the national total also fell to 9.8% in 2013 from 10.9% in 2010.
< Annual Electricity Consumption >
(Unit: GWh)
Seoul 47,295 46,903 47,234 46,555 ↓1.6%
Korea 434,008 454,911 466,414 474,745 ↑9.4%
(%) 10.9 10.3 10.1 9.8
The monthly household electricity consumption in Seoul recorded 320kWh and 316kWh in 2010 and 2013 respectively, showing a 1.2 % decrease. There are approximately 3.59 million households in Seoul.
In the meantime, electric energy generated from renewable energy such as photovoltaic power more than doubled, from 57GWh in 2010 to 120GWh in 2013.
< Electricity from Renewable Energy >
57GWh 99GWh 112GWh 120GWh
< Generation Capacity of Renewable Energy >
Photovoltaic Power
Bio -Gas
Waste Private Power Station
4.9MW 55.4MW 4MW 8MW 72.3MW
The Seoul metropolitan government released these statistics and reported that the electricity consumption of Seoul was reduced and electricity produced from renewable sources doubled. As a result, Seoul could reduce its reliance on fossil fuels and increase its power self-sufficiency ratio.
The SMG analyzed that the 'One Less Nuclear Power Plant' campaign, which was launched in 2012, has been largely effective, as many companies, households and schools actively supports the initiative. As a result electricity consumption was cut back while renewable energy production increased.
The 'One Less Nuclear Power Plant' initiative aims to address energy crisis and establish safe and sustainable energy production and conservation system by reducing energy demand and increasing renewable energy production.
Given that housings and buildings account for 83% of total electricity consumption, the eco-mileage system, and various energy conservation campaign seemed to be paid off.
In terms of energy demand, independent business owners and households accounted for 54% and 29% respectively, followed by industries, which took up 11% of the total electricity demand. On the other hand, the national energy demand showed different order, where industries consumed the most energy, taking up 56%, followed by independent business owners and households who accounted for 21% and 14% of the energy demand respectively. Other sources and schools accounted for 7% and 2% of the national energy demand.
Despite the reduction of electricity consumption, Seoul citizens paid more for the electricity, as the electricity charges have increased six times. In 2013, the total electricity charges paid by Seoul citizens amounted to 5 trillion and 391 billion won, increased by 617 billion won or 12.9% from 2010.
※ The Electricity Charge Increase:
2010, Aug: 3.5%
2011, Dec: 4.5%
2013, Jan: 4.0%
2013, Nov: 5.4%
In 2013, a household of Seoul paid average 39,300 won (for 316kWh) for its monthly electricity consumption, recording a slight increase from 38,300 won of 2010 (for 320kWh). This means every household paid about average 470,000 won of electricity charges a year.
Despite electricity charges increase, the burden on each household was relatively lower, because households and companies reduced their electricity consumption through energy conservation and energy efficiency enhancement initiatives. The increase of household number of Seoul also appeared to have affected the result.
In the meantime, the total electricity production of Seoul in 2013 was 1,946GWh. Considering the city consumed 46,555GWh of electricity in 2013, Seoul's power self-sufficiency ratio is about 4.2 %.
For the last four years, the amount of energy produced from thermal power has been largely stalled, while the energy from renewable sources more than doubled. In order to raise Seoul's power self-sufficiency ratio, electricity production facilities of renewable energy should be enhanced consistently for a long-term.
The electricity production capacity of Seoul is 683MW, which is about 0.8% of 87,170MW of the national capacity.
Gwon Min, the director of Green Energy Department of the SMG said, "Our goal is to increase the power self-sufficiency ratio of Seoul to 20% by 2020. To this end, the SMG will enhance the electricity production capacity, and implement various energy policies, including regulation for building construction. For example, when a building that consumes a large amount of energy is constructed, the building should be equipped with its own energy-production facilities. Through these measures, the SMG will continue to make efforts to increase energy efficiency while reducing energy consumption."
Seoul to Provide 'Eco-Friendly School Meals' for all…
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The first Seoul – Beijing Agreement for Better Air Quality


Another Wychocki Fail occurred on our first day in Paris. We tried to keep it easy for the kids and were just going to explore the neighborhood. We rented an apartment in the 3rd Arrondissement which we quickly learned is a bit of a 'Boys Town' of Paris. The girls love rainbows. The apartment turned out to be a 'sweet pad' with a hot tub, sauna and steam room in the basement. You get the idea. Sweet.
My only request on the first day was a quick stop at the Musee Picasso just a few blocks away. By noon we were out the door. A quick stop for chocolate & gelato and only one small argument and we found it. We also found that is was closed for renovations until later this summer. Why, oh why, can't we use the internet for efficient things like researching museum hours and not useless cat videos? Why?
I was more than a bit disappointed because you see, one of my first dates with Mike was the indie film "Surviving Picasso". The artist holds a special place in my heart, not for his romantic skills, but for his art.
I was given another chance during our stop at the wax museum. It will have to do until we get to the Louvre.
We thought it would be a fun way to do yet another museum tour without overwhelming the kids (we still have the Louvre to do) and also have some goofy fun - so what could be better than a wax museum in Europe? Well, it turns out a lot, as the quality was pretty tepid.
But who knew that we would run into Suzanne's old friend Pablo after not getting in to his museum?
The tour started with a lame lights and music show that had no point and no thrills, and immediately dumped you into a hall of famous French entertainers, of which we knew exactly...zero. Was this set up for international tourists?
It got better though, as it went through the required Hall of Torture (which unfortunately these things really happened all across Europe and France for centuries) and then showcasing all of the French monarchies complete with some history lessons. And then ended with international celebrities and what looks to be the latest installment, and that is of Lady Gaga!
Overall, the quality was very inconsistent with some being really like-like and others really cheesy. The facial reconstructions we saw in Sweden at the Vasa Museum were much, much more life-like and those must have been very expensive and hard to do.
Overall? We'd give it a B- and look forward to comparing it to Madam Tussauds in London!


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News from The Nation's Largest Survey of Youth Risk Behaviors
By Kristin O'Keefe
When Jeanne Rossomme's teenage son underwent shoulder surgery during wrestling season, she initially worried about his pain, not his pain medicine.
But one particular memory from that time stands out in her mind: "We brought our son home from the surgery, and, even though he was still woozy from the anesthesia, he gave me his Vicodin pills. When I asked why, he told me he was already getting texts from kids at school asking about them."
We thought you'd also like:
Teen Risk Taking: What Do Parents Need to Know About?
Misuse of prescription opioids by teens is one of the concerns found in The National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), which is conducted every two years by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings are used to improve adolescent health and understand the factors that contribute to the leading causes of illness and death among young people.
If you don't have a forthcoming teen like Rossomme—and even if you do—the YRBS can help parents know what to keep an eye on in their teenagers and among their teens' peers.
Adolescent health has improved overall, says Vincent Guilamo-Ramos, Ph.D., founder of the NYU Center for Latino Adolescent and Family Health, and coauthor of a number of parent fact sheets for the CDC based on research related to parenting and adolescent health.
Guilamo-Ramos, as both an expert and a parent educator, is in a unique position to translate the YRBS statistics and numbers into information families can use. (See below for key findings and for parent tips.)
It's not all good news.
Adolescent Risk Trends
"Condom use among youth has decreased, adolescent depression and obesity are at all-time highs, and opioid overdoses and related deaths among youth have significantly increased," he says.
Guilamo-Ramos also cautions parents that the YRBS shows that some kids are at additional risk for unhealthy outcomes. "Within the overall youth population, sexual minority youth—those who identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual or who have sexual contact with persons of the same or both sexes—are particularly vulnerable to disproportionate rates of bullying, depression, drug and alcohol use, and violence."
The Role Parents Can Play in Reducing Risky Behaviors
Risky behaviors established during childhood often persist into adulthood. Adolescence is a crucial time for developing healthy behaviors—and adults have an essential role to play.
"Students are more likely to thrive if they feel safe and have a sense of belonging—and if they have parents, adults, teachers, and friends who they know care about their success," says Kathleen Ethier, Ph.D., director of the CDC's Division of Adolescent and School Health.
Guilamo-Ramos agrees that parents have an essential role in impacting adolescent decisions regarding health and overall well-being.
"Too often, parents are unsure if what they say actually matters, and the truth is that research says it does."
He says, "Teens want to hear from their parents on important issues and desire specific guidance."
In the case of Jeanne Rossomme's family, she and her husband tried to be open and honest with their kids on topics like drug use and abuse. She believes those conversations helped her boys make the right choices during high school, including the handing over of prescription pain medicine.
Just like medical check-ups, parent check-ins are good for your teen's health.
Key Findings on Risk Behaviors in Teenagers:
What risky behaviors are teens engaging in? The YRBS found that, in the 30 days before the survey:
Nearly 40% of high school student drivers had texted or e-mailed while driving.
Close to 30% reported current alcohol use and 20% reported current marijuana use.
About 14% of U.S. high school students reported misusing prescription opioids, a behavior that can lead to addiction, injection drug use, and increased risk for HIV.
More than 14% used an electronic vapor product; about 9% smoked cigarettes.
Mental health also continues to be a concern. In the year leading up to the survey:
31.5% of students felt so sad or hopeless they stopped doing their usual activities.
Nearly 20% of students had been bullied on school property.
7.4% students had attempted suicide.
Communication and Parenting Tips from Dr. Guilamo-Ramos:
Start early and check in regularly. Listen carefully to how your teen is feeling and what they are thinking.
Show interest in what's happening in their life. Let them know you care.
Set clear rules and expectations about what you are okay with and what is not okay. Be fair and consistent about how you enforce rules.
Before your teen becomes sexually active, teach them how to use condoms correctly. Explain that condoms must be used for each act of sex, including oral sex.
Encourage your teen to get at least an hour of physical activity every day. It's often tricky to fit in, but this can improve their physical and mental health.
Explain to your teen that opioids are addictive and can be deadly if mixed with alcohol.
Monitor prescribed medication in your home closely and keep it with you, even if a doctor prescribed it to your teen. And dispose of leftover pills.
If you think your teen might be depressed, help them connect to and speak with a school counselor, psychologist, pediatrician, social worker, or other health professional.
For LGBTQ kids, honestly face any complicated emotions you may be having about your teen's sexual orientation or gender identity so that you can better accept your teen for who they are. Also, help your teen find youth-focused LGBT organizations that can support sexual minority youth to develop a healthy identity within a society that is often unaccepting.
More on risk taking:
Raising Positive Risk Takers: Teach Teens to Make Wise Choices
Kristin O'Keefe
Kristin O'Keefe is a freelance writer who is also working on a satirical novel about a modern day fairy godmother. Kristin has written for The New York Times, The Washington Post, McSweeney's, Grown and Flown and Scary Mommy. Find her on Twitter @_KristinOKeefe and Facebook at Kristin O'Keefe, writer.
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© 2019 Your Teen Magazine


Kassir International has a highly experienced government services management team. They have the versatility to work with both small and large government contractors. Our team also has experience winning, delivering, managing, and expanding business in more than 40 countries. Our services allow us to successfully fulfill the requirements of our contracts for projects worldwide. Agencies that leverage our extensive knowledge and understanding of the cultural, social, political, religious, and economic issues of Iraq, the Middle East and other emerging/developing markets find that their missions have a high level of success.
Speak with a specialist of the Middle East.
Kassir International of Oak Hill, Virginia, provides language, intelligence gathering, vetting, recruiting, and training services for the Department of Defense and the Department of State. We are a member of several leading government contractor interest groups and councils, and we use our networks to find the best personnel for each contract we work on. We employ subject matter experts, cultural advisors, linguists, data analysis engineers, and other specialists to provide services within the United States and abroad, primarily in Iraq and Afghanistan. Our team has a multitude of language capabilities, including many Middle Eastern languages, such as Arabic, Kurdish, Farsi, Armenian, and Pashto.


We all love music. Music is everywhere, it pervades our society. Everyone should know music has power and importance. But have you stopped to think about why? How it's about music that gives it a lot power and importance?
Music can be a universal language. It inspires common human feelings and bridges gaps between cultures that spoken languages cannot. It brings people together and fosters universal community.
Music inspires and evokes emotion in a healthy way. It touches our emotional being and evokes moods and feelings that are sometimes difficult to express. It can change an arduous mood to make it happy or excited; it could change a light mood and take it deeper plus much more profound.
Music is spiritual. Music is in the spirit and inspirational on the spirit. All religions use music to assist express spiritual values, and all sorts of religions use music to uplift the spirit.
Music sparks the imagination. It invokes mental imagery and inner scenery that opens the mind to amazing insight and spans the length between your stars.
Music is an easy pleasure. All it requires is your ears and your imagination.
I have faith that in the center of the phenomenon in the magic that music creates will be the spiritual aspect. Music is often a gift from God, a sacred expression from the Universal Life Force Souped up that creates all of us.
Fast Nigerian Music Videos Download for free see the best web page.


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Dave Mercier
is creating comics and art!
Hey, I'm Dave! I'm the creator of a webcomic about a guy with glasses called MercWorks.
I'm a writer and artist whose focus is to create work that's both fun and joyful (even if it's a bit sad sometimes). I usually make comics but I've been known to dip my toes into games and animation too.
I've made comics about how Peach and Bowser spend their time together, a salesman who goes on a spiritual journey while choking on his own fist, and how to date in a confusing world. I've also produced two animations about the saddest man to ever live.
Basically my work is funny, existential, sad, and a lot of fun.
I've got countless ideas for new projects - and I want you to help me make them.
What is Patreon?
Patreon is a service where you can pledge to send a regular payment to creators, so they can keep making new stuff for you to enjoy.
It's a reliable source of income to help a creator make stuff independently of advertising income, sponsorships, and commissions.
How often do I pay?
You get to decide how much you want to pledge and you'll pay once per month.
Why do you need the money?
My income comes from MercWorks, commissions, conventions, and Patreon. All of those things take a part of my time, and only Patreon leaves me time to experiment and explore new projects. Money from Patreon goes toward development of new projects, software, equipment, and sometimes coffee.
Patrons who pledge $1 or more get one piece of bonus content every month. Wallpaper for your lock screen, an early comic, or just some sweet exclusive art - it could be anything but it'll definitely be cool. You'll also get access to the MercWorks Patreon Kids Facebook group, where you can take part in discussions about the latest stuff I'm working on or even talk about your own projects.
Plus, you can take part in our regular Comics Club discussions and join our Discord server.
Pledge $3 a month and you'll get bonus content every week. Behind-the-scenes videos, dissections on the inner workings of comics and all of the stuff I already mentioned!
Pledge $15 a month and you get to take part in the DrunkDraw, a monthly video drink-and-draw with me, your fellow Patrons, and a guest star cartoonist. You've gotta be of legal drinking age to participate in the drinking part, but the drawing is always a blast.
Will I get previous Patron-only content when I subscribe?
Yes, but only after your first payment has been processed (which happens at the beginning of the month)
Anything to declare?
The main series of MercWorks is paid for by Webtoon and I frequently take on commissions. While your pledges don't go directly toward the development of MercWorks, that money is used in developing new projects and exclusive art for Patrons. Generally speaking, anything you see on Patreon is paid for exclusively by your patronage.
MercWorks Fan
All Patrons on $1 or more will get one piece of bonus content every month.
You'll get access to the MercWorks Patreon Kids Facebook group.
You'll also get access to the MercWorks Discord server, and can take part in our monthly Comics Club discussions (where we read and chat about a specific comic or graphic novel).
MercWorks Super Fan
Every week you'll get new bonus content exclusively for Patrons.
Plus, all the previous tier rewards.
MercWorks Drinkin' Buddy
At this tier you get to take part in the DrunkDraw, a monthly video drink-and-draw with me, your fellow Patrons, and a guest star cartoonist. You've gotta be of legal drinking age to participate in the drinking part, but the drawing is always a blast.
Plus, all $1 and $3 rewards
Recent posts by Dave Mercier


One of the nation's favorite youth traditions, the Soap Box Derby has been running in the United States since 1934. This year, we are proud to sponsor a new driver on the track, Wesley Hanback who raced in Marietta, GA on June 13th. Like all soap box derby qualifiers, Wesley built his own racer from the bottom up, following strict instructions that allowed him to create a cool and competitive car. And the sponsor logo on the side looked pretty cool, too!


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Koshy, Anita A (PI)
? DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Toxoplasma gondii's tropism for the CNS underlies the symptomatic disease it causes in developing fetuses, the immunocompromised, and, occasionally, the immunocompetent. As an intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma's ability to co-opt host cell function determines both the parasite's survival and its effects on the host. What is known about the Toxoplasma-host cell interaction comes primarily from in vitro studies in fibroblasts and immune cells. These studies have revealed that Toxoplasma commandeers host cell functions in part through the injection of effector proteins and that these proteins target boh universal and host-cell-specific pathways. While these studies established much about Toxoplasma-host cell biology, they will have missed host cell pathways specific to the CNS or only triggered during in vivo infection. These limitations are particularly relevant to the CNS, which is composed of multiple interacting cells types that maintain a baseline anti-inflammatory state. Given the vital nature of the CNS- Toxoplasma interface to clinical disease, understanding the CNS-specific effects of Toxoplasma is essential to eventually preventing symptomatic neurologic disease. To this end, we recently engineered Toxoplasma strains that inject Cre recombinase into host cells concomitantly with the effector proteins. By using these parasites to infect mice that express a green fluorescent protein only after Cre-mediated recombination, we are able to permanently identify and profile CNS cells injected with Toxoplasma effector proteins. Substantial preliminary data from this model strongly suggests that, contrary to existing
dogma, Toxoplasma primarily interacts with neurons in vivo, which means that neurons are the major parenchymal CNS cell directly manipulated by Toxoplasma. The goal of this proposal is to determine how the neuron-Toxoplasma interface drives the establishment and outcomes of CNS infection. To this end, we will use our new mouse model in combination with two genetically divergent strains of Toxoplasma that cause different CNS outcomes and that we have engineered to inject Cre. Specifically, using cut- ting edge CNS imaging techniques that we have developed, we will determine if these Toxoplasma strains cause distinct CNS outcomes by infecting different CNS regions or co-opting different neuron subtypes (Aim 1). Additionally, to determine if these strain-specific CNS effects are secondary to differential manipulation of neurons, we will isolate and transcriptionally profile these Toxoplasma-injected neurons (Aim 2). The successful completion of this research will provide the first mechanistic insights into how neuron-Toxoplasma interactions drive CNS disease. Ultimately, such insights will offer us new avenues for developing CNS-specific or even strain-specific therapies that improve the outcomes of CNS disease.
National Institutes of Health: $43,512.00
National Institutes of Health: $330,050.00
Explore the research topics touched on by this project. These labels are generated based on the underlying awards/grants. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Toxoplasmosis Medicine & Life Sciences
Toxoplasma Medicine & Life Sciences
Parasites Medicine & Life Sciences
Tolnaftate Medicine & Life Sciences
Proteins Medicine & Life Sciences
Cre recombinase Medicine & Life Sciences


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Mercedes C-class, E-class and GLC prices to be hiked from October 2020
16th September 2020 Suyash Shrivastav	0 Comments
The Mercedes Benz C-class, E-class and GLC are set to receive a price hike with effect from October 1, 2020. In an official statement, the carmaker said that the hike in pricing for select models in its line-up was due to factors such as increasing input costs and weakening currency.
Mercedes C-class, E-class and GLC prices to be hiked by up to 2 percent
Price hike to come into effect from October 2020
Commenting on the upcoming hike in pricing Martin Schwenk, Managing Director & CEO, Mercedes-Benz India said, "The weakening of the currency since the beginning of the year, combined with a sharp increase in the input costs have been a matter of concern, creating significant pressure on our bottom line. To offset these costs, we have few options but to make some nominal yet necessary price adjustments. We will be absorbing most of the impact, however passing on a portion of it up to 2%, seems inevitable."
By how much are prices being hiked?
Mercedes in its announcement revealed that it plans to hike prices for the above mentioned models by up to 2 percent or in the region of Rs 80,000 to Rs 1.5 lakh depending on the variant and model.
As it currently stands, the C-class sedan is priced from Rs 40.90 lakh, for the base C 200 Prime and goes up to Rs 51.25 lakh for the C 300d AMG Line. Moving to the GLC, the SUV is priced at Rs 52.75 for the GLC 200 petrol and a pricier Rs 57.75 lakh for the 220d diesel. The E-class is the priciest of the trio with prices starting at Rs 59.08 lakh and running up to Rs 75.05 lakh for the E 350d.
What new models are coming from Mercedes?
Speaking of upcoming models, Mercedes is set to launch the second-gen GLE Coupe in India on September 23. Also on the cards for India is the carmaker's first all-electric vehicle, the EQC along with the second-gen GLA and the new Mercedes A-class limousine.
Come 2021, the carmaker is set to launch the recently revealed all-new S-class and the E-class facelift.
All prices, ex-showroom, India
Mercedes-Benz India strengthens market share in weak luxury car market
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The following is a suggested itinerary for those interested in New Mexico national monuments and state parks. If you want to see remains of three thriving Pueblo trading centers that existed before the Spanish conquest, or spend a day hiking in remote canyons of the Manzano Mountains, this double-feature day-trip is for you. This itinerary is quite ambitious so it may be better broken into northern and southern excursions.
Northern Option
Tijeras Pueblo Archaelogical Site (17 miles from Albuquerque)
4th of July Trailhead (55 miles from Albuquerque)
Manzano Mountains State Park (62 miles from Albuquerque)
All stops accommodate tour buses except 4th of July Trailhead
Tijeras Pueblo Archaelogical Site
(505-346-3900, www.friendsoftijeraspueblo.org)
Head east on I-40 for 17 miles to Tijeras (exit 175) and turn south on NM 337. Grab a to-go lunch at the local sandwich shop if you're hiking, then stop at the Cibola National Forest office (.5 mile) for maps and to see the Tijeras Pueblo Ruins and Interpretive Center. The ruins, on a self-guided trail behind the station, were occupied 1313 to 1425 AD. After initial excavations in 1976, most of the remains were backfilled to aid preservation.
4th of July Trailhead
(505-346-3900, https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/cibola/recreation/hiking/recarea/?recid=64174&actid=50)
Heading south, NM 337 winds through the scenic piñon-juniper hills and canyons of the Manzano Mountains. Tiny farming villages along the way date back 300 years to Spanish Land Grants. At the T-intersection of NM 55, turn right (west) to Tajique. Just through town, turn right on the dirt FS 55. RVs and cars should have no problem. The 4th of July campground (24 sites, with no water or hook-ups) and trailhead are about 7.5 miles.
Densely wooded with bigtooth maples, 4th of July Campground and Trailhead is glorious any time of the year, but in early October the forest blazes with hues of burgundy, reds and oranges. A one-mile, moderately-easy trail leads through the most spectacular portion of the canyon. At the head of the canyon, return or continue on the 6.5-mile loop. A spur leads to the ridgetop for tremendous views of the Rio Grande and Estancia valleys. The trail winds past viewpoints and along a spring-fed creek, then back to FS 55 for the last mile.
Manzano Mountains State Park
(16 miles northwest of Mountainair via NM highways 55 and 131, 505-847-2820, http://www.emnrd.state.nm.us/spd/manzanomountainsstatepark.html)
For more hiking options, visit Manzano Mountains State Park, 4 miles southwest of Manzano on NM 131. The park's five miles of interconnected trails, rated easy to moderate, lead through a forest of ponderosa pine and alligator juniper. Picnic tables, water and campsites, some with hook-ups, are available.
Southern Option
Mountainair (72 miles from Albuquerque)
Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument (Three sites: 8, 9, & 25 miles from Mountainair)
All stops accommodate tour buses except 4th of July Canyon
Mountainair
(505-847-2795, http://mountainairnm.gov/)
Mountainair, located 10 miles from the geographic center of New Mexico, once called itself "The Pinto Bean Capital of the World." Now, the village of 1,000 is a haven for mainstream and outsider artists. Main Street looks straight from a 1940s movie set. The Pueblo-Deco Shaffer Hotel (1923) still rents rooms and serves breakfast and lunch. Galleries, cafes and small-town businesses line Main Street.
Mountainair is the hub for the three pueblos of the Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument located north, south, and west of town. Stop at the Visitor Center for info and an orientation film, then head out to see the remains of the once thriving pueblos.
Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument
(Visitor Center, 102 S. Ripley, Mountainair, 505-847-2585, www.nps.gov/sapu/)
The first Spanish explorers in 1583 found 11 pueblos in the area with a combined population of 40,000. Remains of pit house villages indicate humans arrived 12,000 years ago. The pueblo complexes flourished as cultural and trading centers for 800 years. The pueblo people hunted game in the mountains, grew corn, beans, and squash, and mined salt from nearby deposits in ancient lake beds. (Salinas is Spanish for salt mines.) As a major commodity, salt was traded to tribes from hundreds of miles away for bison meat, flint and other raw materials.
In 1598, Don Juan de Oñate arrived and forced the pueblo leaders to sign the Acts of Obedience to the King of Spain. Small churches were built at the three pueblos in the 1620s. Larger churches followed. The most complete church stands at Gran Quivira. Now, the silhouettes of the massive walls stand in silent memorial to a people that faded away and left only mud bricks and hints of grandeur.
Under the Spanish, the pueblo people suffered from forced labor, new diseases and confiscation of crops to such extremes that a 10-year drought in 1660 seriously decimated their numbers. After eight centuries of living sufficiently and developing a complex social and religious culture, the surviving pueblo people abandoned their homes and migrated to the pueblos along the Rio Grande. In 1680, the remaining pueblos revolted en masse, sacked the churches, killed the priests and drove out the Spanish, who returned in 1692 for the bloodless Reconquest.
To reach Gran Quivira from Mountainair, go 26 miles south on NM 55; Quarai, 8 miles north on NM 55 and 1 mile west; Abó, 9 miles west on US 60 and one-half mile north on NM 513. Return to Albuquerque via US 60 west to NM 47 and north to Belen, then I-25 to Albuquerque.


A beautiful and rare antique clock is much more than a simple timepiece that hangs on a wall or rests on a mantel. Marvels of technical and artistic mastery, our fine antique mantel clocks for sale, bracket clocks, antique wall clocks and longcase pendulum clocks can become the focal point of a room or a prize furniture piece to a clock collected. Automaton clocks and mystery clocks delight with their magical works, while antique clocks by makers such as Patek Philippe are extraordinary wonders of exacting precision. Collectors will find a wide variety selection of antique clocks for sale including antique grandfather clocks, mantel clocks, wall clocks, and antique longcase clocks, at M.S. Rau Antiques when they shop online or in the New Orleans gallery, and our 125% guarantee means you can buy antique clocks with confidence.
Even the most discriminating collectors will be impressed by our selection of clocks. Whether you are looking for an intricate clock face or a floor clock with detailed carvings, our selection of elegant masterpieces has something for everyone. Shop our collection to find a timeless antique clock today!


We are delighted to introduce our chocolate making workshops, invite you to join us in our chocolate kitchen and learn some basic skills of working with chocolate.
Please find our upcaming events below for further information and booking please click on the event dates.
Did you know? Now you can order your chocolate workshop gift certificate to surprise your loved ones. Click here to buy it online or just simply visit our shop!
Would you be interested to enjoy an evening with your friends, family members or collegaues? You can book our workshops as a private event for up to six persons maximum. Please contact us with your preferred date in order to receive our quoatation.


Today we're looking at the new poster for The Back-up Plan, a romantic comedy about artificial insemination starring Jennifer Lopez and a man with a grey T-shirt. The Back-up Plan is a cut above your average rom-com, and you can tell because the poster is extra-long and therefore extra-sophisticated.
There's nothing women love more than romance, and this poster is more than happy to provide it. Look at the adoring expression on the face of grey-shirt-man: he'd surely do anything for his newfound love. Lopez herself is evidently thrilled with the situation too, but note how she stares at the camera instead of her new beau. This lets the audience know that this is definitely HER MOVIE and for once we're going to get a comedy that isn't dominated by male leads. Even if it's not 'ha-ha funny'.
The rom-com genre might traditionally be the domain of female moviegoers, but in 2010 there's plenty of space for the menfolk too! The lead man's strong crossed-arms stance suggests that he'll be playing a significant and relatable role in the movie, while J-Lo's improbable posture reminds men that she has a bum which they can look at if they get bored of the endless dialogue.
Boy-meets-girl stories don't cut it any more, and The Back-up Plan knows it. The tagline immediately clues us in to the kooky, unconventional plot-line, while the 'hand-drawn' arrows and punctuation reflect the unpredictability of 21st Century relationships.
If Knocked Up, Baby Mama, Waitress and Juno didn't provide you with quite enough pregnancy-based lols, you'll love all the hilarious mishaps that are sure to arise as J-Lo gets ready to Have Baby.


A mid-tier Sydney civil contractor who have grown year on year for the last 5 years are recruiting for a supervisor on a contract basis.
You will be expected to work as a supervisor working on projects ranging from $3m- $12m each in value.
Experience working on RMS projects is an advantage and typical projects will include earthworks, stormwater upgrade, pavements, car parks as well as road resurfacing, utility relocation and tunnel projects.
Majority of the works will be sub-contracting into tier 1 clients across the Sydney Metro area.
The role is an initial temporary contract, however for the right candidate a permanent position would be available after 3-6 months if requested.


Find out how you can complete your degree.
Bethel University has established an Articulation Agreement with Argosy University to make your hard-earned credits transfer easily.
Additionally, Bethel University will conduct an individual assessment of your Argosy University credits to determine how we can help you finish the degree you have worked so hard to earn!
Join us for a VIRTUAL information session to find out more.
To register for the session, click on your preferred time below or contact Barry McBride.


This functional three bedroom floor plan has the option to significantly increase the size of the Main Living Area!
The Base Plan has two optional Master Bathroom designs, an option to expand Bedroom Three, an expandable Master Suite, an option to deepen the Garage, an expandable Dining Area and an optional Rear Covered Patio that can be extended too!
Additionally, the Bonus Dining Area can be converted to an Office/Study!