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077 Phil 1012 : February 1947 - Philipppine Supreme Court Decisions
February 1947 - Philippine Supreme Court Decisions/Resolutions
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence
Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 1947 > February 1947 Decisions > G.R. No. L-1239 February 19, 1947 - ENRIQUE A. GARCIA v. EMILIO PEÑA, ET AL.
077 Phil 1012:
[G.R. No. L-1239. February 19, 1947.]
ENRIQUE A. GARCIA, Petitioner, v. EMILIO PEÑA, Judge of First Instance of Manila, CIRILO MAPA and TRANQUILINA MAPA, Respondents.
Marcial G. Mendiola and Jose Sarte, for Petitioner.
Jose D. Cortes, for respondent Mapa.
No appearance, for respondent judge.
1. EXECUTION; EJECTMENT; SUSPENSION; DAMAGES, DEPOSIT OF. — The damages awarded in favor of the plaintiff in an ejectment case need not be paid or deposited by the defendant during the appeal under Rule 72, section 8, for it is not the rent or the reasonable value of the use and occupation of the property.
D E C I S I O N
MORAN, C.J. :
In the municipal court of Manila, the espouses Mapa, respondents herein, filed a suit in ejectment to compel the herein petitioner, Enrique A. Garcia, to vacate a house designated as 1194 Kusang Loob, Sta Cruz, Manila. Judgment was rendered ordering Garcia to vacate the premises and to pay the Mapas monthly rentals of P40 for the period of August 16, 1946 to September 30, 1946, and to pay "a monthly damage of P150" from October 1, 1946, until he vacates the premises.
From this judgment Garcia appealed to the Court of First Instance and filed a bond of P100 which was approved by the court. Pending appeal, in the Court of First Instance, Garcia filed a petition either to suspend or to modify the judgment of the municipal court upon the ground, among others, that said Judgment fails to fix the true amount of rent that should be deposited during the pendency of the appeal. This petition was opposed by the espouses Mapa. Thereupon, the lower court issued an order excusing Garcia from depositing the monthly rental of P40 for the period from August 16 to September 30 since this was covered by the bond of P100, but ordering him to deposit the amount of P150 for the month of October, otherwise execution would issue.
Now, Garcia files this petition with this Court praying that said order of the lower court be declared null and void, and that a preliminary injunction be issued to withhold its execution. In an order of December 27, 1946, this Court granted the preliminary injunction.
Petitioner Garcia contends that the order of the lower court ordering him to deposit the amount of P150 is illegal and is in excess of its jurisdiction and that under section 8 of Rule 72 he is not bound to deposit an amount as adages. On the other hand, respondents Mapa answer that Garcia has not paid nor deposited any rental at all since August 16, 1946, to date, and hence the deposit of P150 must be made or else execution should issue.
The lower court correctly held that Garcia need not deposit for the period from August 16, 1946, to September 30, 1946, since the rental therefor is covered by the bond of P100. And we hold that the "monthly damage of P150" from October 1, 1946, which seems to represent the damages allegedly sustained by the Mapas for having had to rent another house at a higher price, need not be paid or deposited during the appeal under Rule 72, section 8, for it is not the rent or the reasonable value of the use and occupation of the property. There can be no doubt, however, that the municipal court, in fixing the monthly damage of P150, had included the monthly rental of P40 for it cannot be presumed to have allowed the petitioner to use and occupy the property without obligation whatsoever to pay any rent. Petitioner Garcia should, therefore, have been depositing such monthly rental of P40 during the pendency of the appeal, though his failure to do so can be excused in view of the silence on this point in the lower court's order which merely said a "mouthing damage of P150."cralaw virtua1aw library
In view of the foregoing, the order complained of is set aside and petitioner Garcia is given fifteen days from the date this decision becomes final within which to deposit in the lower court the amount corresponding to rentals at P40 per month for the period from October 1, 1946, to date, and to continue depositing said monthly rental in accordance with section 8, Rule 72, of the Rules of Court, and that his failure to do so will be ground for execution.
It is so ordered, without costs.
Paras, Feria, Pablo, Hilado, Bengzon, Briones, Hontiveros, Padilla and Tuason, JJ., concur.
Separate Opinions
PERFECTO, J., concurring:chanrob1es virtual 1aw library
We concur in the decision penned by the Chief Justice upon the legal doctrine laid down in Mitschiener v. Barrios (76 Phil., 55), as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"As to damages in ejectment cases there are none practically to be a dated except the loss of rents or of their equivalent. The Supreme Court has already declared that the only damages recoverable for illegal detainer are reasonable compensation for use and occupancy of the premises, even in cases of usurpation (Veloso v. Ang Seng Teng, 2 Phil., 622). In an action of forcible entry and detainer the damages consist in a reasonable compensation for the wrongful use and occupation of the premises, the legal measure of damages being the fair rental value of the property (Sparrevohn v. Fisher, 2 Phil., 676). The measure of damages for forcible entry and unlawful detention of property, whether by a mere intruder or a lessee by contract not fixing the rent, is the same, namely, the reasonable value of the use and occupation (Igama and Reyes v. Soria and Nepomuceno, 42 Phil., 11). Ordinarily, the amount allowed as damages may be presumed to be the reasonable value of the use of the land as fixed by the court (De Castro and Morales v. Justice of the Peace of Bocaue, 33 Phil., 595). Damages may be recovered for the annual yield of the palms on the land, but not for the value of the palm trees cut down (Santos v. Santiago and Angeles, 38 Phil., 575).
"Undoubtedly, these pronouncements of the Supreme Court were taken into consideration by the authors of the Rules of Court when, although in section 1 of Rule 72, plaintiff is authorized to sue for the restitution of possession 'together with damages', in drafting section 6 of Rule 72, as to judgment to be pronounced, the word 'damages' was eliminated, placing, in lieu thereof, the words 'reasonable compensation for the use and occupation of the premises.' Said section reads:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"'SEC. 6. Judgment. — If upon trial the court finds that the complaint is not true, it shall render judgment for the defendant to recover his costs. If it finds the complaint to be true, it shall render judgment in favor of the plaintiff for the restitution of the premises, for the sum justly due as arrears of rent or as reasonable compensation for the use and occupation of the premises, and for costs. If a counterclaim is established, the court shall render judgment for the sum found in arrears from either party, and award costs as justice requires.'
"That is, in an ejectment case, plaintiff may recover either rents or the reasonable compensation for the use and occupation of the remises, loosely designated in sections 1 and 8 of Rule 72 as 'damages', which may be designated also as 'fair rental value of the property.' When rents are adjudged no reasonable compensation for the use and occupation of the property can be adjudicated, while, inversely, when reasonable compensation is adjudged, it is because no rents are adjudicated."
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February-1947 Jurisprudence
G.R. No. L-1277 February 7, 1947 - CO PIAO v. DIRECTOR OF PRISONS
077 Phil 1000
G.R. No. L-335 February 12, 1947 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. GERONIMA SINDIONG DE PASTOR, ET AL.
G.R. No. L-1239 February 19, 1947 - ENRIQUE A. GARCIA v. EMILIO PEÑA, ET AL.
G.R. No. L-998 February 20, 1947 - ANTI-CHINESE LEAGUE OF THE PHILIPPINES v. ALFONSO FELIX, ET AL.
G.R. No. L-482 February 25, 1947 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. BIENVENIDO NOCUM
G.R. No. L-1219 February 25, 1947 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. SIXTO VELEZ
G.R. No. L-216 February 27, 1947 - JOSE V. RAMIREZ v. FLORENCIO REYES
G.R. No. L-287 February 27, 1947 - EL PUEBLO DE FILIPINAS v. LUCIANO LAPORBEDA, ET AL.
G.R. Nos. 71-72 February 28, 1947 - EL PUEBLO DE FILIPINAS v. RAYMUNDO RELLIN
G.R. No. L-470 February 28, 1947 - PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. v. ALFONSO B. NAZARIO, ET AL.
G.R. No. L-1181 February 28, 1947 - RICARDO MATSURA, SR., ET AL. v. DIRECTOR OF PRISONS
G.R. No. L-1229 February 28, 1947 - RAMON R. DOMINGO v. DIRECTOR OF PRISONS
G.R. No. L-49090 February 28, 1947 - TEODORA L. VDA. DE MIRANDA, ET AL. v. FELICIANO IMPERIAL, ET AL.
Copyright © REDiaz


It's driving me crazy! Yes, unsolicited phone calls on my landline and I had to take some critical steps to stop unwanted phone calls from happening again and you too can do same. Do you feel anger when you receive those unsolicited calls from telemarketers, Robo-callers and want to know how to stop unwanted phone calls on your landline?
Well, you got here just in time because I too just discovered some of the best and easy ways to ensure these bugs don't get to you anymore just as I was able to stop them.
How annoying can unwanted phone calls be?
Here is how annoying unsolicited calls could be especially since landlines do not display caller ID. First, I must say you are not alone as this madness has gone on for so long. A research by ACMA indicates that 51% of Australian residents received unwanted phone calls and a whopping 92% of those who received the calls think they come out as problematic.
Another analysis in the same report showed 38% as thinking just like me, that those calls were annoying! While 36% think unsolicited calls come at an inappropriate time; dinner time, when in bed or taking a nap, during special moments with that special person, etc. trying to sell to you something you actually don't need! About 5.3 million Americans lamented of being disturbed by unsolicited callers in 2016 as noted by the Federal Trade Commission.
The FCC guidelines provide a means to help resolve unwanted calls as well as guidelines surrounding how telemarketers and Robo-callers should operate without bugging down your life. Telemarketers could be restricted to only call your number after 8 a.m. and before 9 p.m. daily.
One of such effective ways to stop calls is the use of National Do Not Call registry. Some states also have a do not call service which you can confirm from the state government listing, blue pages or state phone directory.
The FCC can help restrict unsolicited calls to your landline when you sign up for the service free of charge. You can opt-in by registering your landline numbers as a 'Do no Call' number either through your phone line or via the internet at www.donotcall.gov. To register via your phone you must use the specific landline to register call: 1-888-382-1222 for voice or for TTY – 1-866-290-4236.
Once registered the telemarketing company must by obligation remove your number from their list within 31 days of your listing on the 'Do Not Call' listing.
With a landline, you have an excellent angle to block unsolicited calls using the Verizon home phone service. You can log into your phone account if you have one and then enter the numbers you intend blocking permanently.
Though Verizon still offers call blocking functions for anonymous calls, unfortunately, some of such calls still find a way to ring through. But you can opt for blocking those numbers permanently.
The TalkTalk launched CallSafe feature allows you to screen calls before receiving them by dialing 1472. The CallSafe unsolicited call blocking service was launched just this January 17, 2018, and offers users a free service. It has three features, Approved which cover numbers you have dialed out at least twice within the last 35 days.
Read also: What can the others do with your cell phone number?
The blocked feature is for numbers that you've decided not to receive calls, they have been blacklisted. The blocked feature also contains numbers in CallSafe database of unwanted numbers. While the screened feature is for numbers not on your list; the caller has to record name and details while CallSafe replays the details to you so you decide if you want to block on keep in touch with that person. For unsolicited callers then usually end the call because they know you would screen the call out at the end.
You can opt for using your landline service provider if they have call blocking functions and then request to activate to block specific numbers when necessary. Some of them offer free or paid service of about $2-$5 monthly subscriptions. To activate you can press 3 on the landline or wait for the tone and dial *60. After dialing wait for confirmation if the service has now been activated or not.
To block a number add the area code and phone number and then press the #button to activate. You can end the calls once through. When unsolicited calls come in they will receive a message of uncompleted calls without the recipient's ringing.
The use of anonymous call blocking service works best for screening out numbers whose caller ID does not appear when they call. Calls that appear with 'unknown caller' or 'Private name' will usually be screened out for reaching you.
To activate the service simply dial *77 on your landline once you hear the dial tone. Wait till you get a confirmation tone and then you know it has been activated. Once activated, any call whose call does not display name and numbers would be informed that all calls without caller ID cannot be accepted by you. It will, therefore, require the caller to end the call, unblock Caller ID and call back.
Through yellow, blue pages or phone directory.
People make searches on Google for numbers in certain areas to call through.
Social media platforms and other online medium provide access to your number.
Professional scrapers adopt different technological measures online such as phone spoofing to scrape mobile and landline numbers to sell to marketers and others for legal and illegal use.
Random dial. Sometimes your number could have been dialed at random for marketing or spamming purpose.
As much as the 'Do Not Call' list helps reduce unsolicited calls, you need to understand that it only stops legal unwanted callers from troubling your lines. For regular and illegal spammers using the DNC, the feature will not stop spammers in any way.


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Filmhounds Magazine
"This Is Gonna Take a Lot of Hugs" — Trolls: World Tour (Film Review)
Posted on April 8, 2020 at August 25, 2020 by Tom Beasley 55 0
Trolls: World Tour is a film that will not be remembered on its own terms by those in the movie industry. Its status is now as a sort of candy-coloured guinea pig — a canary in the coal mine of straight-to-digital blockbuster releasing. If Trolls dies in its cage, it might be the last big film to debut in this way. But if it sings, delighted, as bags of cash are shipped in to the Universal offices, it could set a tone for the years to come — even post-pandemic.
But Trolls isn't a movie that ever had pretensions at boundary-pushing. It is every inch a production line slice of hyperactive silliness designed solely to prevent kids from bouncing off walls or making TikTok videos — can you tell I'm out of touch? — for a few hours. With all that said though, just like its predecessor, Trolls: World Tour is likeable and fun enough that it emerges smelling of candy canes. So many candy canes.
Poppy (Anna Kendrick) is now the queen of the troll kingdom, with Branch (Justin Timberlake) as her uptight associate — and, in his mind at least, romantic interest. She receives an invitation one day from Barb (Rachel Bloom), queen of the Hard Rock Trolls, and subsequently learns that there are other trolls, living in isolated factions depending on musical taste. Barb is claiming to want to unite the tribes once again, but really she wants to force them all to listen only to "real music".
It's a mad concept and one that provides plenty of opportunities for fun, though the presence of five credited screenwriters means that much of that opportunity is squandered in a somewhat mixed soup of storytelling. The central conceit sees Barb capturing the various guitar strings that house the musical power of each troll tribe, in order to create a sort of Infinity Guitar that, when played, will either eradicate half the universe or homogenise music. It's not quite clear.
With so much plot, it's almost quite impressive how much time Trolls: World Tour is able to spend just spewing music and rainbows like a sort of demented kids' party DJ. A truly relentless opening musical montage spans at least five minutes and almost the entirety of the last few Now! That's What I Call Music! CDs in an onslaught of colour and sound that's akin to melting down a Smarties factory and injecting it into a unicorn. And though a lot of fun is had with some of the other styles — Country Troll leader Kelly Clarkson croons a super-morbid ballad — it's the Pop Trolls who get centre stage over and over again.
Much like its predecessor, Trolls: World Tour comes with a very simple allegory at its heart. We shouldn't be "intolerant" of others, no matter how different they are – "we're all trolls," says Poppy when she first learns of the schism. Sadly, though, this is an idea the film periodically loses interest in, not least when a plot development also dealt with in Frozen 2 is completely ignored here, despite its potentially seismic impact.
It seems churlish to complain too much about plot, though, when the film is such a joy. Anna Kendrick's sparky voice performance boasts flawless comic delivery and nails the inherent optimism of Poppy, as well as the immense sadness she feels whenever that worldview is challenged. Rachel Bloom's fiercely ideological Queen Barb is a great addition to the cast with her casual evil, as well as the presence of Ozzy Osbourne – obviously – as her ageing rocker dad.
Directing duo Walt Dohrn – returning from the first film – and David P. Smith consistently inject colour and visual invention into every frame. Both Trolls films are a feast of psychedelic insanity, and World Tour leans even further into this aesthetic to construct a series of set pieces that are no doubt every bit as delirious on the small screen as they would've been in the cinema.
So, in short, it's weird that Trolls: World Tour has attained the level of industry significance that it has. It's a relatively enjoyable follow-up to a relatively enjoyable first film that lacks any sort of thematic depth and chooses to instead replace that potential nuance with Top 40 pop hits. And, on the strength of this tailor-made slice of Easter holiday time-filler, that's not really a bad thing at all.
Dir: Walt Dohrn, David P. Smith
Scr: Maya Forbes, Wallace Wolodarsky, Elizabeth Tippet, Jonathan Aibel, Glenn Berger
Cast: Anna Kendrick, Justin Timberlake, Rachel Bloom, James Corden, Sam Rockwell, Ron Funches, Kunal Nayyar, Ozzy Osbourne, Jamie Dornan, Kelly Clarkson, George Clinton, Mary J. Blige
Prd: Gina Shay
DOP: n/a
Music: Theodore Shapiro
Run time: 91 mins
Trolls: World Tour is available on digital platforms in the UK now.
David P Smith
Kunal Nayyar
Ron Funches
Tom Beasley
"We've Got to Go Back Down" – 47 Meters Down: Uncaged (DVD Review)
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"A Woman Doorman?!" – The Doorman (Film Review)
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Kiwi Crate Grabs $5M Series A
MOUNTAIN VIEW, CA, The company operates a subscription-based service that produces and delivers hands-on activities for kids. Comcast Ventures led the round. Existing investors First Round Capital, Mayfield Fund, Felicis Ventures, Forerunner Ventures, Consigliere Brand Capital, Uj Ventures and 500 Startups, all participated.
Click here for more funding data on Kiwi Crate
To export Kiwi Crate funding data to PDF and Excel, click here
Kiwi Crate announced it has raised Series A funding of $5 million. The company, which launched and announced their seed financing last October, operates a subscription-based service that produces and delivers hands-on activities for kids. The products are designed to inspire creativity and curiosity in children, as well as offer convenience for busy parents, by providing all the necessary materials, ideas and instructions for a variety of activities, delivered monthly.
Kiwi Crate has been enthusiastically embraced by families nationwide, resulting in impressive subscriber growth. In the few months since launch, the demand for Kiwi Crate from busy parents has already far exceeded expectations. As a testament to its strong traction, the Series A funding came entirely from existing investors. Comcast Ventures led the round, and Managing Director Michael Yang will be joining the Board of Directors. Existing investors First Round Capital, Mayfield Fund, Felicis Ventures, Forerunner Ventures, Consigliere Brand Capital, Uj Ventures and 500 Startups, all participated in the round.
"We are extremely excited about the Kiwi Crate vision, as well as the potential synergy with our media platform," said Michael Yang. "As an investor and as a father, I believe the company is solving a real problem for busy parents. From day one, we've heard from parents and kids on how much they just love Kiwi Crate. We believe this opportunity is even bigger than we initially thought, so we jumped at the opportunity to lead the round."
"We've invested in a lot of ecommerce companies. I am very impressed by Kiwi Crate's traction relative to other companies I've seen," said Josh Kopelman, Managing Director of First Round Capital, who is also on the company's Board of Directors. "We are excited to double down on this opportunity to see Kiwi Crate get to the next level."
The investment will be used to further fuel Kiwi Crate's already impressive growth. Specifically, the funding will be used to scale the company, expand its product offering, and grow the already passionate community.
"We appreciate this vote of confidence from our current investors," said Sandra Oh Lin, CEO and founder of Kiwi Crate. With the new funding, we will be able to accelerate our growth to fulfill our vision of becoming the creativity company for kids growing up in the digital age."
Each Kiwi Crate is designed by parents, reviewed by experts, and tested by kids. The rigorous design process has resulted in projects that not only inspire creativity and curiosity in kids, but also brings hands-on learning in science, art, and more into their homes. Based on early community feedback, Kiwi Crate also began offering crates designed for siblings, which has quickly become one of the company's most popular products.
Kiwi Crate subscriptions are available online at http://www.kiwicrate.com. Monthly subscriptions are $19.95 per month. Gift subscriptions and subscriptions for siblings are also available. Kiwi Crate also acts as a resource for kids' activity ideas: http://blog.kiwicrate.com/.
Founded in 2011 by executives from eBay, PayPal, YouTube, and BabyCenter, Kiwi Crate sparks creativity in kids and saves time for busy parents by providing all of the inspiration and materials necessary for a variety of hands-on activities ranging from art, science, crafts, and imaginative play. With monthly deliveries of activities designed to help kids discover, explore, and create things in the world around them, Kiwi Crate brings hands-on fun right to your door.
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Earby is mourning the loss of one of its community stalwarts and heroic war veterans who has died at the age of 94.
Charles Moreland Tattersall, known as Jim to everybody, died in Cravenside Home for the Elderly in Barnoldswick on Monday, April 6th after a long illness.
Mr Tattersall was the face of Earby's Royal British Legion branch for decades and completed the role of Standard Bearer with pride for approximately 35 years.
He served with Royal Dragoon Tank Battalion 152 during the Second World War, largely in Belgium and Holland in Challenger tanks in battle and Honey tanks for reconnaissance missions.
Mr Tattersall played his part in the famous D-Day landings in Normandy too, and drove his tank on to the beach as battle raged around.
His dedication to former fellow service men and women for years after the war meant he was also the Royal British Legion's welfare officer up to the age of 90 and frequently made home visits with as many as 33 people on his list at one time.
Born in Earby in May 1920, he was adopted at a young age by Mary and John Tattersall and attended Alder Hill and New Road schools.
Highly intelligent, Mr Tattersall was set for going to grammar school but his parents could not afford the uniform so he never went.
He worked in the textile industry all his life beginning as a weaver at Booth and Speak Mill. After the war, he progressed to overlooker and was the last President of the Colne and District Overlookers Union, retiring from work when he was at County Brook Mill in Foulridge.
Mr Tattersall married his wife Edna Dearden in 1940 at Thornton Church and the couple had three children, Gerald, Moreland and Pamela.
Barring a brief period living in Bradford, he lived in Earby all his life, and although a stanch Labour man he would ironically always drink in the Conservative Club.
He was a very successful player at Earby Bowling Club and was made a life member when he stepped down as chairman.
Mr Tattersall enjoyed watching the Earby cricket team at Applegarth with his pals Alan Reedy, Walter Thompson and Jim Wiseman and another sporting interest of his was wrestling where he would go to Nelson and Colne to watch.
Away from sport, he loved dancing with Edna at the Romany Ballroom in Nelson, listening to classical music and opera, and was extremely well read with a particular interest in Shakespeare and further educating himself through the likes of crosswords and quizzes.
Mr Tattersall later put his mill skills to good use again in retirement when he assisted at Bancroft Mill in Barnoldswick to re-time the Lancashire looms.
Paying tribute, daughter Pamela said: "He was very patriotic and strong willed. He was also very selfless. If he could help somebody, he would. He had such a focus on education. He always said 'educate a daughter and you educate a family'. He sent two his children to private schools and I've no idea how he managed to do it. Money was very tight.
Mr Tattersall leaves behind his three children, six grandchildren and seven great grandchildren.


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You are at:Home»News»K.Flay reveals new track 'Black Wave'!
K.Flay reveals new track 'Black Wave'!
By Danny Peart on	 February 11, 2017 News, Singles
K.Flay will release her second full-length album entitled Every Where Is Some Where — on April 7th on Night Street / Interscope Records (an imprint helmed by Imagine Dragons frontman Dan Reynolds). A brand-new song from the album, 'Black Wave' is available now for digital download and streaming, and you can watch the lyric video here:
'Black Wave' is "about facing something immense and menacing and choosing not to cower, but to rise up" K.Flay says in a statement that also sheds light on the album's title.
It reads in part: "In writing this album, I thought a lot about the places that shape us, and how, in turn, we shape those places in our minds as human beings living on earth right now. We find ourselves in a very particular situation where the planet is getting warmer, the internet is getting bigger, and the stakes are as grave as ever. The President of the United States Of America is a television celebrity who openly degrades those unlike him (non-white, non-male, non-straight, non-wealthy, non-citizen), and whose chief strategist has spent much of his career promoting white nationalism in a country meant to foster diversity and progress through tolerance.
"A president who intends to limit our freedoms, foment hatred & silence dissent and yet every place, every where, is just some place, some where. It's all arbitrary and fucked up and sometimes lucky. I think you can understand the fact of your own smallness in this world while still celebrating the very particular singularity of who you are and where you happen to stand"
Read K.Flay's full statement HERE
Having toured the UK in 2015 with PVRIS, K.Flay returned last summer to play at Reading & Leeds Festivals, Bestival, and also her own sold-out headline show in London at the Hoxton Bar & Kitchen. She has previously toured with artists as varied as Passion Pit, Awolnation, Snoop Dogg and Dashboard Confessional.
K.Flay now kicks off her three week U.S. headlining tour in support of her current EP Crush Me, which features the Top 5 Modern Rock Radio track 'Blood In The Cut'.
K.FLAY – 'BLACK WAVE'
Apple Music: http://smarturl.it/BlackWave.ap
iTunes: http://smarturl.it/BlackWave
Google Play: http://smarturl.it/BlackWave.gp
Amazon mp3: http://smarturl.it/BlackWave.amz
Spotify: http://smarturl.it/BlackWave.sp
www.kflay.com


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Classic 24 Hour at Daytona Testing Round-Up
Notable race entries from around the world and two days of productive testing this week by several top competitors on the 3.56-mile Daytona International Speedway (DIS) road course point to a competitive and star-studded third edition of the Historic Sportscar Racing (HSR) Classic 24 Hour at Daytona presented by IMSA, November 8th-12th.
The official entry list for next month's Classic 24 Hour at Daytona presented by IMSA is scheduled to be unveiled early next week, but HSR can already confirm several notable racing machines and legendary drivers recently signed up for the day-long race for vintage and historic race cars from the last half century.
One recent entry of note is the 2000 Doran/Lista Racing Dallara Judd LMP that will be co-driven by Fredy Lienhard and Didier Theys in the Classic 24 Hour at Daytona. The Dallara was the sister entry to the similar race car that Lienhard, Theys, Mauro Baldi and Max Papis drove to the overall victory in the 2002 Rolex 24 At Daytona. Doran Racing owner Kevin Doran and his team brought the Dallara to Daytona earlier this week where Theys took the car through two days of testing.
"It's always good to come back to Daytona after many years of good memories here," Theys said. "The last time I drove here was in 2005, and the car we will race this year in the Classic 24 is a 2000 chassis LMP Dallara Judd that we raced in 2002. We won the Daytona 24 Hour that year but this is the car that at mid-season at Watkins Glen we started to race with a bigger five-liter Judd. We finished the season that year with this car and won the championship."
While the 2002 Daytona winner is on display in Lienhard's museum in Switzerland, the Dallara that will be in the spotlight in the Classic 24 Hour never left the U.S.
"This car has actually been sitting in my shop since it last raced in mid-2003," Doran said. "We did a full restoration after that season, with the intention of running it, but Fredy was racing in Europe and doing different things, and we never got around to running it. Now it's going to run in the Classic 24 Hour this year and we will see what we can do with it."
The Dallara will be raced for the first time in more than 14 years at the Classic 24 Hour at Daytona.
"The leased engine went back to Judd at the end of the season and then the car sat at Kevin Doran's shop for 13 years without an engine," Theys said. "About a year-and-a-half ago, Kevin put a five-liter Judd back in it and here we go! This is the first time the car has run again!"
Legendary BMW racing icon Dieter Quester has unveiled pictures of his race car of choice for his return to the Classic 24 Hour at Daytona. After running a BMW-based Alpina B6 GT3 in 2015's most recent running of the Classic 24 Hour, Quester's ride for next month's race is a BMW M1 "Procar" adorned in Red Bull colors in a livery similar to the one that the Alpina carried.
Quester raced M1 BMWs in the prime of his career in Group 4 and Group 5 competition, the 24 Hours of Le Mans and in the original BMW M1 Procar Championship from 1979 - 1982. He was also instrumental in the test program to develop the car, which gives the M1 a special place among the generations of high-performance BMW machines Quester has had the privilege to drive and race.
Luca Riccitelli co-drives the M1 with Quester at the Classic 24 Hour. They previously drove together in the 2000 Rolex 24 At Daytona where they joined three other drivers in giving Red Bull a second-place GTU-class finish. Riccitelli also co-drove to a GT class victory in the 1999 24 Hours of Le Mans.
In addition to Red Bull and Fritz Wagner, who is preparing and running the BMW through Wagner M1, Quester's Classic 24 Hour effort is being supported by Drexler Automotive, Goodyear Germany and TIBOR.
Run Group E is home to the fastest race cars entered in the Classic 24 Hour and perhaps one of the race's most competitive rivalries. Two-time and undefeated Classic 24 Hour Group E winners Rogers Motorsports return to Daytona looking for their third-straight victory in the team's 2005 Audi R8 LMP. Doug Smith and Andy Wallace, the team's winning pairing at Daytona in 2014, co-drive again this year. Both drivers tested at DIS earlier this week.
"It's a brilliant event," said Smith, who co-drove with Butch Leitzinger to the 2015 Classic 24 Hour Group E win. "It's a celebration of the cars, first and foremost, and I think we are all pretty fortunate - I know Andy and I feel that way - to be able to be around this stuff and drive these great race cars. As far as the competition, everybody has definitely stepped their game up. It wasn't a walk-away the last two times and we are going to earn it again, we will keep them honest but have a good time and be safe."
The Rogers team will face stiff competition from at least the similar GMT Racing-prepared 2005 No. 2 Audi R8 LMP of Travis Engen, Steve Scullen and Gunnar Jeannette in Scullen's 2007 Lola B07/18 LMP1 and the 2007 Pescarolo Judd LMP of David Porter and Joao Barbosa, which is prepared by GMT Racing.
Barbosa is reuniting with the Pescarolo 10 years after he co-drove the race car to a fourth-place overall finish with Rollcentre Racing in the 2007 24 Hours of Le Mans. No stranger to DIS, Barbosa co-drove to overall Rolex 24 At Daytona victories in 2010 and 2014 and was on the pole for this year's Rolex 24 last January.
"Yes, we will have our work cut out for us, but guess what, we have made some improvements too," said Wallace, who co-drove to Rolex 24 wins in 1990, 1997 and 1999. "It really is cool to be here. The Audi is a car I raced in period, so it is a lot of fond memories from then, working with all of the guys. Every time you sit back in that car you realize why it was one of the greatest racing cars ever.
"Just standing here in the garage near us we have a GTP Jaguar and a couple of Audis, a Pescarolo and Lola LMP cars. These are wonderful cars, and it is nice that they are not hidden away somewhere, they are actually being used. It's a privilege to be here, it's great that HSR puts this race on and that it has turned into such a great success."
Wallace and Smith also tested a Roger Motorsports Group 44 Jaguar XJR-7 at Daytona, with the team looking like they will campaign both that GTP entry in Run Group C, as well as the Audi in Group E.
Riley Technologies and Riley Motorsports principal Bill Riley flew straight to Daytona from Atlanta for Classic 24 Hour testing after Monday night's IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship Night of Champions celebration near Road Atlanta. Mercedes-AMG Team Riley swept the GT Daytona (GTD) class titles in the IMSA North American Endurance Championship in last weekend's season-ending Petit Le Mans, but Riley quickly shifted his focus to Daytona. He spent both days assisting Craig Bennett and RM Motorsports in preparing a 2005 Riley MK Xi Daytona Prototype for the Classic 24.
"This is chassis No. 11, which was the 2005 winner at Watkins Glen, so it has quite a bit of history," Riley said. "They wanted to get tuned up a bit in preparation for the Classic 24 Hour so I came down to help them out, it was a good two days, very relaxed and we had a good test."
Bennett and RM are running the Riley Daytona Prototype in addition to Keith Freiser and his 2009 Oreca FLM09 in the Classic 24 Hour.
"The Daytona Prototype is owned and driven by John McKenna," Bennett said. "He has had the car for about two years now but just hasn't had the chance to get it out on the track much, so testing at Daytona for two days has really got him excited to come back here in a few weeks with Ross Thompson as his co-driver. The Classic 24 Hour is a very cool event for drivers that have never experienced night racing. This race gives you just enough of that to make you want to come back and do it some more."
Riley will return to Daytona for the Classic 24 Hour with his own Riley Motorsports team that will field a Riley Technologies-built Viper GT3-R in the race.
"I will be running a Viper for Chris Mealey, he is the owner and the driver, and I am really looking forward to having a big Viper back here at Daytona," Riley said. "This is chassis No. 1, the very first GT3-R that has several wins, and the bodywork it is wearing is the 'Miss Texas' livery that made it to third on the Rolex 24 At Daytona GTD podium here in 2016."
The HSR Classic 24 Hour at Daytona debuted in 2014 as a tribute race to the internationally famous Rolex 24 At Daytona, which has been run on the 3.56-mile road course at the World Center of Racing for more than half-a-century.
The HSR Classic 24 Hour gives the magnificent racing machines that were driven to glory at Daytona in the last few decades another chance to shine on the high banks. At the same time, HSR's competition class structure also gives some race cars that never had a chance to race at Daytona in their prime a chance to make their own history in the Classic 24 Hour.
A true endurance race in its own right, the Classic 24 Hour features six period-correct Run Groups racing in succession for a full day and night. Each Group takes to the track four times in total in a non-stop, 24-hour spectacle that is as close to the real thing as you can get.
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Video: TI calculator plays Portal (seriously)
Looking for a new way to drown out the drone of your uber-boring math instructor and happen to have a TI graphing calculator handy? Well, you may want to check this out.
True, Portal isn't the first video game hacked to run on a graphing calculator, as we've also seen Wolfenstein and even Doom modded so they could be loaded on such devices.
In any case, a gamer by the name of "Builderboy" at Omnimaga recently managed to successfully port the popular Portal to a TI-83 Plus and TI-84 Plus graphing calculators. The game port is based on the Flash clone of Portal, a 1997 single-player video game.
The game involves players solving a puzzle by moving their character around via a handheld portal device capable of generating portals between two flat planes. The game makes use of physics by allowing players to maintain momentum as they move through the portals.
The monochrome graphics on this calculator version don't exactly do Portal justice, but let's be honest, if your options are actually doing math problems or playing Portal, this hack wins easily. The game is available as a free download if you have a compatible calculator.
The game actually looks like it would be very fun to play and should certainly be a welcome distraction in classrooms around the world. Check out the video above to see the game in action on a TI calculator for yourself.
Star Trek and Pacific Rim trailers about to drop
$900+ Microsoft Surface Pro is short on battery life


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Word order is part of syntax, which is part of grammar. Word order may be different in different languages. For example, English "I play tennis only sometimes" would be in German Ich spiele nur manchmal Tennis, literally "I play only sometimes tennis". In Norwegian, the same sentence would be Jeg spiller bare tennis noen ganger ("I play tennis only sometimes").
In Portuguese, the sentence could be Eu só jogo tênis algumas vezes ("I only play tennis sometimes), but word order can be changed to Eu jogo tênis só algumas vezes ("I play tennis only sometimes"). However, Eu jogo só tênis algumas vezes is not allowed ("I play only tennis sometimes") because the meaning would be changed.
1 Subject-verb-object
2 Subject-object-verb
3 Verb-subject-object
4 Other types
Subject-verb-object[change | change source]
In English, a simple sentence with a verb (an action), subject (who or what is doing the action), and an object (to whom or what the action is done) is written with a subject-verb-object word order (SVO). For example, in the sentence "Robert opens the door", "Robert" is the subject, "opens" is the verb and "door" is the object. SVO is the second-most common word order among all languages and is used in 42% of them.[1] Examples are Mandarin Chinese, Bahasa Melayu, Bahasa Indonesia, Spanish, French, Italian, Thai and Vietnamese. While some of the above languages can use other word orders, such as SOV and VSO, they use SVO for the simplest sentences.
In other languages, sentences can use other word orders. Consider Robert opens the door. In English, changing the word order to "The door opens Robert" would change the meaning of the sentence. In Latin, however, Robertus ianuam aperit and ianuam Robertus aperit mean the same. Ianuam is in the accusative case and so it is the direct object and Robertus the subject. Changing the cases of the words, however, to Robertem ianua aperit would change the meaning of the sentence: ianua is now in the nominative case and so it is the subject and Robertum the object.
Subject-object-verb[change | change source]
The subject-object-verb (SOV) word order is the one that is used by the greatest number of distinct languages, 45% of them.[1] It is especially common in the theoretical language family that is known as the Altaic language family, which includes many languages such as Japanese, Korean, Mongolian and the Turkic languages.
In Japanese, for example, a simple sentence uses SOV. In other words, the sentence "Robert opens the door" becomes "Robert the door opens". Such languages often use postpositions, which act like prepositions but appear after content words rather than before them, to show the role of a word in the sentence. The sample sentence "Robert opens the door" would be in Japanese ロバートはドアを開ける Robāto-wa doa-o akeru in which は wa as in ロバートは Robāto-wa shows that ロバート Robāto (Robert) is the topic of the sentence, and を o as in ドアを doa-o shows that ドア doa is the direct object of the sentence. Around 45% of all languages are SOV languages.[1]
Verb-subject-object[change | change source]
The verb-subject-object (VSO) word order is the third-most common word order in world languages. There are far fewer VSO languages than SVO and SOV languages, and only 9% of them are VSO.[1] Language groups in which VSO is common include Afroasiatic languages, such as Arabic, Hebrew and Aramaic, and Celtic languages, such as Irish, Welsh and Cornish. In VSO languages, "Robert opens the door" would be "Opens Robert the door". Spanish sentences are usually SVO, but VSO is also common. In Spanish, the example above can be as Roberto abre la puerta (Robert opens the door) or Abre Roberto la puerta (Opens Robert the door).
Other types[change | change source]
Aside from SVO, SOV, and VSO, other kinds of word orders are rather uncommon. VOS word order makes up at around 3% of all languages, and languages that begin with the object (OVS and OSV) are extremely few, each around 1-0% percent each.[1]
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "The typology of the word order of Languages". www.sjsu.edu. Retrieved 2017-07-09.
Retrieved from "https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Word_order&oldid=6656430"


THE rain has arrived and at last field sizes can't be counted on the one hand.
It doesn't make punting any easier though and the last few days have been hard work to say the least.
After a string of six seconds last week I need a cuddle and I'm hoping Fergal O'Brien can step up to the plate on Thursday.
CUDDLES MCRAW (Warwick, 1.10) ran well behind a massive improver last time out and should be able to strike in similar company despite the handicapper trying his best with a 6lbs hike.
The Cheltenham trainer would have been spitting out his Victoria Sponge when he saw the BHA honchos hiked him up the ratings that much for a seven length second.
Yet I can't see that stopping this lightly-raced five-year-old.
The winner of Bangor race has hacked up again since Cuddles was miles clear of the third that day.
He jumped better as the race went on and should use that experience to improve a tad here.
The O'Brien stable remain in good nick and he should take all the stopping in this heat.
YOUKNOWELL (Warwick, 2.15) was another strong fancy on the same card. He looks set to post a string of wins in similar company but is likely to be plenty short.
Back on the all weather Gay Kelleway's GLOBAL WONDER (Kempton, 6.30) will get an each way nibble.
At Chelmsford I like the look of SWEET NATURE (8.45) and DANDY LAD (6.45).


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Our mission is to provide professional administrative and technical support to IFM's teaching and research activities.
The division is organised in two units: administrative and technical.
Ladok work, such as results reporting etc.
The unit is also responsible for the contact with the university's Properties division and Akademiska hus regarding premises and construction issues.
Since the reorganisation 2015 when IT services were moved to LiU-IT, IFM no longer has its own IT staff. The technical unit, however, has a client responsibility for IFM towards LiU-IT and we have IFM-placed staff to ensure the quality of service to IFM.


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Q: Linear maps defined on pure tensors is well defined. Suppose $V_1, \ldots, V_k, W$ are vector spaces, and suppose we define a map $f:V_1\otimes \cdots \otimes V_k \to W$ by sending pure tensor elements $v_1 \otimes \cdots \otimes v_k$ to $f(v_1 \otimes \cdots \otimes v_k)$ . Now because any elements of $V_1 \otimes \cdots \otimes V_k$ can be written as the sum of pure tensors we can extend $f$ linearly on whole of $V_1 \otimes \cdots \otimes V_k$.
How to show that $f$ is well defined? I know that any elements of $V_1\otimes \cdots \otimes V_k$ can be written as a sum of pure tensors but it is not unique right? An element of $V_1\otimes \cdots \otimes V_k$ might have different representation as sums of pure tensors, in that case $f$ might not be well defined, but the books I'm reading always define maps this way. Please help.

A: Let $(e_j^k)_j$ be bases. The map $f': V_1 \times \cdots \times V_k \to W$ induced by sending $(e_{j_1}^1, \cdots, e_{j_k}^k)$ to $f(e_{j_1}^1 \otimes \cdots \otimes e_{j_k}^k)$ is well defined because $(e_j^1)_j \times \cdots \times (e_j^k)_j$ is a basis of $V_1 \times \cdots \times V_k$. It follows from the universal property of the tensor product that this extends uniquely to a map $f: V_1 \otimes \cdots \otimes V_k \to W$ which sends $e_{j_1}^1 \otimes \cdots \otimes e_{j_k}^k$ to $f(e_{j_1}^1 \otimes \cdots \otimes e_{j_k}^k)$.
You do mean $v_j$ are basis elements right? Otherwise the statement is false, if you send $v_1 \otimes v_2$ to $a$ and $w_1 \otimes v_2$ to $b$, you must send $(v_1 + w_1) \otimes v_2$ to $a + b$, so you do not have freedom to define $f$ however you want on all pure tensors, just on tensors of basis elements.

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On Saturday, me and 2 million other fans got the privilege to go see the "Rolling Rally." It was extremely special event—the fans were rowdy, excited, and knew and appreciated the effort each player put in to win the World Series. The players appreciated the fans excitement and knowledge and you could tell they were having the time of their life. It was just a special day in Boston.
I was situated on the Boston Commons and all around me was at least ten rows of fans on each side of the street stretched out for miles. Even before the duck boats barreled down the streets, the crowd would burst out in "lets go Boston" chants. People were excited.
When the boats finally arrived, the people were going crazy. The first boat that went by was John Henry and the front office group. Fans in many markets would not acknowledge the work that is put by this group, but in Boston they certainly did. They received one of the loudest ovations out of anybody. People bowed as they went by, pouring their heart into the ownership group which received a lot of criticism last year for putting too much time into making the Sox "more of a business." But, fans this year understood the work they put in this off-season to change that image, and they embraced them for it.
The fans even cheered the players who may have not performed up to expectations in the regular season or playoffs like Ryan Dempster, Stephen Drew, Jarrod Saltalamacchia, Will Middlebrooks and Jake Peavy. They understood even though they weren't playing their best when it counted, they still put the team first. They put in their best effort everyday, were fantastic teammates and did their job. Fans responded with a loud cheer for all these players because they understood even though they did not play up to expectations, they still played a big role in the teams success and were deserving.
Probably the greatest ovations went out to the guys who changed their images and pushed the team to the Championship. Players like John Lackey, David Ortiz, Johnny Gomes, Koji Uehara, and John Lester all received tremendous applause when they went by. Oftentimes, fans would group up and chant their name individually. It was wonderful for them since they worked hard over the off-season and put on some of the best seasons of their careers. All of those players did not have real high expectations coming into the season (Lester and Ortiz were supposed to play a big role, but both of their numbers were on the decline), yet they managed to make some of the biggest impacts and most clutch plays on the team. It was fantastic to see the fans give them their tremendous, well-deserved ovations because of their impact on the team.
The players showed they were enjoying the festivities as much as the fans. A lot of the players brought their video camera and were recording and taking pictures of the fans reactions as the rode by. Many were also dancing around the boat, at the very least laughing, waving, smiling and pointing to all of the fans. Pitcher Jake Peavy enjoyed it so much that he ended up buying a Duck Boat to commemorate the memories.
The festivities ended with some very nice, symbolic gestures to pay heed to the efforts of the police officers and victims involved in the Boston Marathon bombing. Although it was a day to celebrate the championship, the players still acknowledged there are more important things than baseball by reaching out to those involved.
The Parade was extremely special and was a once and a lifetime opportunity. It was amazing to see how everybody appreciated the efforts of this Redsox team. They enjoyed how close the players got with one another, the fans, and the city. It showed by the way they played. The players never took a game off, never took a lead for granite, never thought they couldn't come back. They played hard. Even after their 69 wins season last year, they never lost hope. Despite their low expectations, they knew they could win, which propelled them to victory. The 2,000,000 fans that went to the celebration understood and appreciated their effort, and the players deserved all of the applause they received.


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Home E-GUIDE Sonam Kapoor: The Zoya Factor has all the ingredients
Sonam Kapoor: The Zoya Factor has all the ingredients
SONAM KAPOOR TALKS HER NEW FILM AND SUPERSTITIONS
by ASJAD NAZIR
In recent years, Sonam Kapoor has been acting in boundary-breaking films that have expanded the horizons of Bollywood and that desire to tackle different subjects has led her towards The Zoya Factor.
Her newly-released romantic-comedy is a big-screen adaptation of the acclaimed 2008 film about an unlucky girl, who suddenly becomes a good luck charm for the Indian cricket team and unexpectedly finds love.
Eastern Eye caught up with Sonam to discuss The Zoya Factor, superstition and inspirations.
Is it a coincidence that all your recent roles are so different to each other?
I have been deliberately choosing different projects, because I like to do different things and don't want to be typecast into a particular genre.
What did you like about The Zoya Factor?
I thought it was a lot of fun, an easy-going film and harmless entertainment. It had something quirky about it and I really loved the book when it came out, which is written by Anuja Chauhan. I was also dying to play a relatable, fun, young girl.
Tell us about your character?
I play Zoya Solanki and she is born in 1983 on the day India won the cricket world cup. She is actually lucky for everybody, except herself. She is unlucky in everything. She is an advertising executive and is sent to work on a Pepsi commercial with the Indian cricket team. She meets Dulquer Salmaan's character, who plays for the Indian cricket team and falls in love with him. But the conflict is that she is lucky for the team, but he doesn't believe in luck and only in hard work. She is a regular girl who has issues with her love life, professional life and life in general. I think she is pretty relatable to young urban girls out there right now.
How does Dulquer Salmaan compare to other leading men you have worked with?
I think he is amazing. I have worked with some incredible actors and he is in the top few in that list of amazing talents.
How much of a sports fan are you in real life?
I love sports. I like cricket, but my favourite sport is basketball. But, yes, I do like cricket because I am an Indian and don't know any Indian who doesn't like cricket.
How superstitious are you in real life?
I am perhaps as superstitious as the average person. I think it's about having a natural synergy to doing things that might not be logical, but that is just an Indian thing.
Are you superstitious when it comes to work?
I don't know about that, but I do believe in hard work. If you work hard enough you can change your destiny or destiny will favour you. In real life, I believe that I can work hard and change my life.
Do you have a lucky charm?
I don't, but I do believe that everything good that is happening in my life recently is because of my husband (Anand Ahuja). He brings in a lot of joy and fortune into my life.
What according to you is the definition of luck?
I don't think there is any definition for luck. I think when things go right, despite the circumstances, you consider yourself lucky. So usually you feel lucky in hindsight and think, 'oh that happened despite all these circumstances'.
What do you do on days you don't feel so lucky?
I just pray and ask god for help.
What is your favourite moment in the movie?
It is when I am with my dad and brother in the film. I think, those scenes are really funny. Obviously, working with Dulquer was fabulous too.
Comedy is the most difficult genre, but you are a natural at it. Where does that come from?
I don't know, I just love doing it I guess. Comedy is very difficult, but you have to make it just natural and fun. I just enjoy that genre a lot and have a natural affinity for it. It just works well in that way. It is my genre and I like that space. I hope those who like seeing me in dramas, like me as much in comedy.
What is the master plan going forward?
I do have a couple of announcements, but can't speak about them right now. I will speak about them as soon as The Zoya Factor releases. But, yes, I will keep mixing characters and genres as I don't like being stuck in the same place. I like doing different things.
Is there a territory you haven't ventured into, but would like to explore?
I really want to do horror. No one has offered me a film in that space yet.
What inspires you professionally?
Content and working with good people. Those two things are important because I want to work with people I like. Even if it was some big filmmaker, if I thought they were a nasty person I wouldn't want to work with them. I want to work with good co-stars, and do good work because, at the end of the day, you need to be happy going to work. That, to me, is really important.
You are a strong symbol of girl power, how important is that for you?
It is super important to have a sense of self-respect because as soon as you have that, you can conquer the world. So I think it is essential, especially, for women in this age to have that.
Do you have ambitions away from cinema?
I have my clothing brand Rheson and my husband's brand Bhane. For me, it's important for young people to get sustainable clothing that stands the test of time. The best quality clothing that stands out and is amazing. I love dressing up and love seeing young people dress up as well.
I have been interviewing you for nearly a decade and you haven't changed. What has kept you so grounded?
Family and friends. I think it is really important to have the right people around you. As soon as you have that, they tell you the truth always, no matter how bitter it is. When you don't have sycophants and have the right people, you don't change. So, it is very important to have someone who tells you the truth always.
How close is The Zoya Factor to the original book?
Well, Anuja (Chauhan) had a lot to do with the screenplay, so we have tried to keep it as
authentic as possible, but things have changed because fitting a hundreds of page book into two hours is very hard, so we changed a couple of things.
Tell us, why should we watch The Zoya Factor?
It's a family film and it's only two hours. It's a lot of fun and has all the ingredients. It is just a great, fun film. These are stressful times and there are a lot of films with heavy drama in them, but if you wanna have a good time, chill out and watch a cute romantic comedy with a quirk in it, then The Zoya Factor is for you.
The Zoya Factor is in cinemas now
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Everyone likes magnolias and they are distinctive for having the largest flowers of all spring-flowering trees, indeed all trees. In the wild the 200 or so species (some species keep moving genus) have a distribution centred around the Pacific. East Asia is the centre of the genus with other species found in North America and Central America. It seems odd that none moved west into Europe. The other thing that everyone knows about magnolias is that they are among the most primitive of flowering plants. They are considered primitive because the parts of the flowers are not very differentiated – the stamens are rather similar to the petals. Although the flowers are attractive to us, it is thought that magnolias evolved before bees had appeared on Earth and that they were pollinated by beetles. Beetle-pollinated flowers are often rather mustily scented and they have to be robust because beetles often eat the petals and pollen – they are more rumbunctious than bees. Fortunately, most magnolias smell good to us.
We tend to expect magnolias to bloom in spring and on bare branches but there are evergreen species and others that flower in summer. As a rule, magnolias prefer a moist soil and have fleshy roots that do not transplant well so make sure you do not (as many people do) put your magnolia in the front lawn in front of your sitting room window because it will soon shade out your room. And not only do magnolias not move well, they are not very fond of pruning either. If you are careful you can prune them and a remember well a Magnolia x soulangeana, the common magnolia, trained as an espalier against a wall which was hard pruned back to the main stems every year after flowering and it bloomed well every spring. You need to prune immediately after flowering so the new stems have enough time to develop flower buds for the nest year. The trouble is that most people don't give the plants enough room and they cut back the stems to make the plant smaller and the magnolia responds with ugly, upright 'water shoots'. If you need to prune a large shrub it is best to thin out the stems, cutting back to a fork or to remove the lower branches to raise the crown.
Most magnolias prefer a neutral or acidic soil and they are not good on thin, chalky soils. If you are not sure if you can get away with a magnolia it is probably best to start with Magnolia stellata because it is among the cheapest and most amenable.
Anyway, here are a few nice magnolias I have seen recently. This is Magnolia x loebneri 'Leonard Messell' which was raised before 1955 at Nymans, Sussex, UK, and was a chance cross between M. kobus and M. stellata forma rosea. It is a perfect magnolia for a small garden being compact and bushy with lots of rather small, pink flowers that open from deeper buds. The blooms are not huge but the profusion of them makes it a colourful small tree.
This is Magnolia stellata 'King Rose' which is a bit of a misnomer because the flowers are barely pink. There is a slight hint of pink in the open flowers but they are basically white. The petals are quite broad and the tree is compact and twiggy.
Yellow magnolias are still a bit of an oddity but more are being introduced every year. The yellow pigment in the flowers comes from the cucumber tree* (M. acuminata) from America and this is a big, big tree so the earliest hybrids were big too and did not flower till they were quite an age – not things that modern gardeners tolerate. But as breeding has progressed, cultivars have become smaller and brighter yellow. 'Elizabeth' is an established cultivar and is a medium-sized tree with masses of beautiful pale yellow flowers.
'Butterflies' (below) is said to be the 'yellowest' of all the yellows with flowers about 12cm across, daintily perched on the branches. It will get to about 5m high in maturity.
'Goldstar' is a hybrid of the yellow 'Miss Honeybee' and M. stellata. It is slow growing and is worth considering as your magnolia because it has the bonus of attractive foliage. The young leaves, which emerge as the flowers fade, are bronze and age to deep green.
If you prefer your magnolias a more traditional pink then 'Heaven Scent' might be for you. It is one of the Gresham Hybrids. This is a group of plants raised by Drury Todd Gresham (died 1969) in California. He raised 3000 seedlings from crosses involving M. denudata, M. campbellii and M. x soulangeana. The crosses were made in 1955 and the first seedlings bloomed in 1960, a remarkably young age, the same year the first scion wood was received in the UK. One of the most successful of these is 'Heaven Scent', a tree up to 7m high with large flowers that are conical in shape and rich pink. I pushed my nose deep into the flowers but I honestly couldn't detect much scent at all but that may have been down to the cold, dull day – this was bred in California after all!
And lastly, good old M. x soulangeana. This was bred by a Mr. Soulange-Bodin at Fromont near Paris, as a cross between M. denudata and M. liliiflora. The first seedling flowered in 1826 and the cross has been repeated several times and there are many named selections that all vary in colour from pure white to fairly deep, purplish pink. Below is the well known 'Rustica Rubra' which is one of my favourites. It was found in a nursery in Boskoop, a famous nursery area in The Netherlands, before 1893. It is thought to be a seedling from the earlier and still well regarded 'Lennei' and is a bigger and more vigorous plant. The flowers are a bit rounder and dumpier than the standard and a good, rich colour.
well yes I forgot to mention that they are tulip trees! And I had forgotten that too till I just heard it. Off to do a talk now.
I like the yellows – they are stunning against a blue sky.
I saw the magnolias in Gloucester, Virginia – I should perhaps have explained that!


text:
Scott Deshefy
A 21st Century Moonshot
by Scott Deshefy
Plastic bags and packaging were introduced in the 1950s. Transparent cellophane wrappers enabled shoppers to rummage through pre-cut portions of food, already adulterated with waxes and dyes, less appealing sides of which could be hidden by grocers. For durable goods, plastic packaging posed obstacles to light-fingered customers, and giving illusions of grandeur to the smallest of purchases. From perspectives of profit, versatility and strength, plastics have been a lightweight, malleable, nonperishable boon. Contributing mightily to our glut for oil, they've been a cheap structural material in everything from toys to automobiles, aircraft components to medical equipment. In the classic 1960s movie, "The Graduate," mere mention of "plastics" challenged "Mrs. Robinson, you're trying to seduce me…aren't you?" for most memorable line.
Widespread, light-weight applications of plastics have lured us into yet another environmental crisis, not only because of their ubiquity but obstinate refusals by many to dispose and recycle them properly. Where ignorance leads, catastrophe follows. Asian nations, seem willing to impose strict laws, monitor compliance and issue stiff fines for refusals to recycle. The West, by contrast, overly concerned with electability, is slow to grasp the seriousness of the problem and react proportionately.
Roughly 8.8 million metric tons of plastic enter the ocean every year, killing untold millions of marine animals. That's an ankle-deep equivalent of plastic bags, soda bottles, straws and takeout containers covering an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. According to environmental engineer Jenna Jambeck, mismanaged garbage could multiply two- to tenfold by 2025 unless we act immediately and on a global scale. Nikita Khrushchev, it seems, grossly underestimated America's propensity for waste. We're not only burying ourselves in garbage, our litter is destroying aquatic ecosystems covering 70% of the planet. Five massive concentrations of plastic debris (a.k.a. gyres) are floating in the oceans. The largest, between California and Hawaii, is the size of Texas. Plastics are non-biodegradable, becoming smaller and smaller when exposed to sunlight. The seas are thusly becoming slurries of "microplastic" pieces smaller than 5mm, 236,000 tons of which are added from the mainland each year. Microplastics are already suspended in water as deep as 11 kilometers. In fact, by 2050, there will be more plastic in the oceans by weight than fish.
The first Earth Day was such a massive grassroots phenomenon every media outlet celebrated the movement, enabling a responsive Richard Nixon to spearhead more environmental law (e.g., EPA and the Marine Mammals Protection Act) than anyone in the White House before or since. Now, despite the Obama administration adding more than 850,000 square miles of ocean to America's protected aquatic network, species after species is slipping into extinction. Expanding refuges to protect oceanic wildlife is essential, of course, but plastics and other suspended pollutants don't respect charted nautical boundaries. Unless we commit to biodegradables and a circular economy, destruction will worsen. In addition to recycling, we must refurbish, reuse, repair and repurpose. Every year, over 100 billion tons of raw material are transformed into products, most of which have only short-term purpose. Just 24% of those resources persist as buildings and other infrastructure, or as vehicles and other machinery with built-in obsolescence. A mere 9% are reused while 67.4% are dispersed into the environment as unrecoverable pollution and waste.
According to ecotoxicologists, plastics severely threaten over 700 marine wildlife species. All three types of leatherback turtles, who often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been autopsied with plastic in their guts. A beached whale in Norway had 30 plastic bags in its stomach. Ninety percent of seabirds, including albatross and petrels, are ingesting plastics to some degree, as are human beings who regularly eat seafood. Because fish species mistake plastic fragments coated in bacteria and algae for food sources, recent studies have found microplastics in nearly a third of the fish sampled at U.S. and Indonesian docks. Mollusks, crustacean, and filter-feeding organisms like coral are particularly susceptible, and we all know how coral reefs are dying already because of climate change. Toxicological risks to humans eating microscopic plastic fibers could range from cancer to liver, kidney and reproductive disorders.
Last March, a dozen or so nations committed to reducing plastic marine litter, part of the UN Clean Seas Initiative. Predictably, the U.S. wasn't among them. That's because, in matters of ecology, we've become a Country of Can't and Won't instead of Gung Ho. Sure, we can invade others at drops off a hat, use drones as assassins, build prisons and cordon the 1st Amendment into "free speech zones," but when it comes to saving the biosphere from global warming, plastics and other pollutants, we're consistently lacking intelligence, leadership and will.
Most Americans think John F. Kennedy came out of the chute committed to putting astronauts on the moon. Not so, but in 1961 he was desperate for propaganda to match Sputnik and the orbital flights of Yuri Gagarin and Gherman Titov. Both cosmonauts had become worldwide celebrities and ambassadors for soviet superiority in space. Alan Shepard's flight, after all, despite the courage shown completing it, had barely broken through Earth's atmosphere, whereas Khrushchev's scientists were already planning to build a space station, a project the soviet premier considered practical. Kennedy wanted an area of space exploration where soviet technology hadn't built an insurmountable lead. He also wanted to distract people from the Bay of Pigs fiasco. NASA administrator James Webb and Werner von Braun, after inviting Kennedy to Cape Canaveral to witness at Atlas rocket test, discussed declaring a mission to the moon. Apparently, the earth-shaking roar of the Atlas propulsion system made Kennedy believe the undertaking was feasible. Was Apollo 11 America's high water mark and last hurrah for common cause? Leading the world in putting an end to oceanic gyres and atmospheric carbon pollution could go a long way to determining the answer. It's a 21st century moonshot.
Scott Deshefy is a biologist and two-time Green Party congressional candidate.
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text:
A History of English Literature: In a Series of Biographical Sketches
szerző: William Francis Collier
Born 1515 A.D.......... Died 1568 A.D. Ascham's fame. In Germany. Titles of his books. Birth and education. Mary's reign. Plan of the Toxophilus. Toxophilus. The pupil-queen. The School-master. Elizabeth's tutor. Ascham's death. Illustrative extract.
RoGER ASCHAM, an eminent teacher as well as a great writer, has thus won double fame as a man of letters. He acted as classical tutor to Queen Elizabeth, whose fondness for him was very great; and he left behind him two works, which rank high among our English classics. At Kirby Wiske, near Northallerton in Yorkshire, he was born in 1515, the son of an honest yeoman who acted as steward to the Scroopes. A certain Sir Anthony Wingfield, noticing the studious boy, took him among his own sons, gave him a good education, and in 1530 sent him to St. John's at Cambridge. To the study of Greek—which was just then taking root in our universities—the young student applied himself with such ardour, that he was soon qualified to read Greek lectures to his younger associates. In 1534 he took B.A., and M.A. in 1536. And then he entered on the life of a teacher, for which he was remarkably well qualified. When Cheke resigned in 1544, he was chosen to fill the honourable office of University Orator. One year later, his first great book, Toxophilus, was published. This work won for him the kind wishes and cordial sup1545 port of troops of friends, besides the notice of King A.D. Henry, who granted the writer a pension of £10 a year. Ascham was shortly afterwards chosen to act as private tutor to the Princess Elizabeth. It was a fortunate choice for both the royal girl and the Cambridge man. Fortunate for her, because
her fine intellect was intrusted to the culture of one who knew his profession and loved it well; fortunate for him, because during two happy years (1548–50) he enjoyed the delight of teaching one who loved to learn, and in after days he found, in his submissive and hard-working pupil, a royal mistress, who loved and honoured her Greek master to the last.
The last three years of King Edward's reign (1550—53) Ascham spent in Germany, acting as secretary to Sir Richard Morysine, who was English ambassador at the Imperial Court. His experiences of German life are embodied in a work on that country and court. During these three years of absence his friends at home were endeavouring to do him good. His pension, which had ceased at the death of Henry VIII., was restored, and he received in addition the important office of Latin Secretary to the king.
Upon the accession of Queen Mary a cloud seemed to hang over the fortunes of the scholar, who was a keen Protestant. But the shadows passed. Bishop Gardiner was induced to look kindly on him, and on the strength of his book "Toxophilus," his pension was doubled, and his appointment as Latin Secretary was renewed. Nor was his college standing altered, for he still held his fellowship, and still wore the honours of Public Orator.
Under the sceptre of Elizabeth his life was a smooth and quiet stream. But it was fast gliding to its rest. Her majesty read Greek and Latin with her honoured tutor for some hours almost every morning, and in the evening they often played at tables or shovel-board together. At last the studies, that he loved so well, proved too much for the scholar's weakened frame. A feverishness, which prevented him from afternoon study and broke his night's rest, had long hung about him. Anxious to finish by New Year's day 1569 a poem, which he was writing in honour of his royal pupil, he began to work at night. Ague seized him, and in a week laid him on his death-bed (December 30, 1568). So old Roger Ascham died, as many of his life's best hours had been spent, in the service of his pupil-queen. When she heard that the kind heart was still in death, whose warmest pulses had throbbed for
110 WORKS OF ROGER ASCHAM.
her, she cried out, "I would rather have thrown ten thousand pounds into the sea than have lost my Ascham." The titles of Ascham's three chief books are here given in full, as a specimen of the way in which the writers of this time named their works. We have, 1. "Toxophilus, the Schole or Partitions of Shootinge, contayned in II. Bookes. Written by Roger Ascham, 1544, and now newly perused. Pleasaunt for all Gentlemen and Yeomen of Englande, for theyr pastime to reade, and profitable for theyr use to followe both in Warre and Peace." 2. "A Report and Discourse, written by Roger Ascham, of the Affaires and State of Germany, and of the Emperor Charles his Court, during certain years while the sayd Roger was there." 3. "The ScholeMaster; or Plain and Perfite Way of teaching Children to Understand, Write, and Speake the Latin Tongue, but specially purposed for the private bringing up of Youth in Jentlemen and Noblemen's Houses." The Torophilus is, in many things, a sensible and pleasant book on archery, cast into the form of a dialogue, between a lover of study (Philologus), and a lover of archery (Toxophilus). But, while it very properly insists on the use of out-door recreation to the studious man, it gives an undue prominence to the pastime whose name it bears, and needlessly undervalues some fine old English athletic sports. The language of the book—in the preface he half apologizes for not writing it in Latin—is good honest English prose, pretending to no great elegance, but full of idiomatic strength. Ascham's greatest work is The Schoolmaster, which was not published until after the author's death. It is noted as being the first important work on Education in our literature. The idea of the book sprang from a discussion at Cecil's dinner-table at Windsor. Some of the Eton boys having run away from school to escape a flogging, the conversation turned upon this bit of local news; and Ascham spoke out his mind. On the encouragement of Sackville, who sat by, he committed his thoughts to paper, and so the book began. The first section of the work condemns severity in the treatment of the young, while the second develops a new way of
SPECIMEN OF ASCHAM'S STYLE.
teaching Latin, without putting the pupils through the preparatory drudgery of mastering the details of the grammar.
Ascham's work on Germany gives, besides much political information, some curious pictures of the Emperor and his court, which are valuable as being sketched by an eye-witness.
EXTRACT FROM "THE SCHOOLMASTER" OF ASCHAM.
Before I went into Germany, I came to Broadgate in Leicestershire, to take my leave of that noble Lady Jane Grey, to whom I was exceeding much beholden. Her parents, the duke and duchess, with all the household, gentlemen and gentlewomen, were hunting in the park. I found her in her chamber reading Phedon Platonis in Greek, and that with as much delight as some gentle. men would read a merry tale in Bocace. After salutation and duty done, with some other talk, I asked her why she would lose such pastime in the park? Smiling, she answered me: "I wiss, all their sport in the park is but a shadow to that pleasure that I find in Plato. Alas! good folk, they never felt what true pleasure meant." "And how came you, madam," quoth I, "to this deep knowledge of pleasure ? And what did chiefly allure you unto it, seeing not many women, but very few men, have attained thereunto ?" "I will tell you," quoth she, "and tell you a truth which, perchance, ye will marvel at. One of the greatest benefits that ever God gave me, is, that he sent me so sharp and severe parents, and so gentle a schoolmaster. For when I am in presence either of father or mother, whether I speak, keep silence, sit, stand, or go, eat, drink, be merry or sad, be sewing, playing, dancing, or doing anything else, I must do it, as it were in such weight, measure, and number, even so perfectly as God made the world, or else I am so sharply taunted, so cruelly threatened, yea, presently, sometimes with pinches, nips, and bobs, and other ways which I will not name for the honour I bear them, so without measure misordered, that I think myself in hell, till time come that I must go to Mr. Elmer; who teacheth me so gently, so pleasantly, with such fair allurements to learning, that I think all the time nothing, whiles I am with him."
112 EARLY LIFE OF BUCHANAN.
CELAPTER III.
GEORGE BUCHANAN.
Born 1506 A.D.......... Died 1582 A.D.
The Scottish Virgil. Coimbra. Last days and death.
His education. Translates the Psalms. History of Scotland.
Offends the monks. Tutor to Mary and James The Psalms.
Bordeaux. the Sixth. Arthur Johnston.
GEORGE BUCHANAN has been styled the Scottish Virgil from the elegance of his Latin verse, in which among moderns he stands unrivalled, at least by any writer of British birth. Nor is his Latin prose much inferior in vigour and in flow. Born in Dumbartonshire in 1506, he passed, after a poor and struggling boyhood, to the University of Paris, where he was supported by the kindness of his uncle, James Heriot. But in less than two years the death of this good friend flung him upon the world, sick and poor. Returning to Scotland, he joined a Scottish army that was marching into England; but the hardships of a soldier's life once more laid him on a sick-bed. When restored to health, he went to college at St. Andrews, graduated there, and went again to France, where he completed his academic course at Paris. About the age of twenty-three he was chosen professor in the College of St. Barbe, and then began his teaching life. Having acted for five years as tutor to the young Earl of Cassilis, who lodged near St. Barbe, Buchanan returned with his pupil to his native land. His growing reputation as a teacher won for him the notice of James W. who intrusted one of his own natural sons to his care. This office he continued to fill until his poetic satires upon the vices of the friars, especially the poem called Franciscanus, drew upon him the fiery wrath of the clergy. Charged with holding the Lutheran heresy—he really had caught the flame in Paris—he was arrested; and but for


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