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Money disputes blamed for marital conflict
by Hattie Williams
MONEY is the main cause of arguments between couples in the UK, and trust is the most important factor that people look for in a relationship, a new survey on marriage and relationships has suggested.
The data, published in It Takes Two: The quality of the UK's adult couple relationships, on Wednesday, was taken from the fourth annual report, The Way We Are Now, conducted by YouGov between June and July last year in partnership with the charities Relate, Relationships Scotland, and Marriage Care.
More than a quarter (26 per cent) of the more than 5000 people surveyed online for the report listed financial worries as the main tension in their relationship, followed by misunderstanding (20 per cent), differing sex-drives (19 per cent), lack of work-life balance (17 per cent), and different interests (16 per cent). Also on the list were mental-health issues, extra-marital affairs, childcare, time spent online, political opinions, drug and alcohol use, and pornography.
A marriage counsellor at Relate, Arabella Russell, said that "despite the promise of economic recovery, money worries are still placing a significant strain on our relationships. We see in the counselling room every day how much conflict [that] money can cause in relationships; so knowing how to manage your finances together is important for heading off arguments."
The director of client services at Marriage Care, Jenny Porter, said that the data was "unsurprising", given that money affects so many aspects of everyday life. Couples usually argued over finances because of "very different spending habits" and priorities, she said; but trust, compromise, flexibility, and good communication were "key" to resolving these conflicts.
More women identified trust (70 per cent) and communication (57 per cent) as the most important factor in a relationship than men (62 per cent and 48 per cent, respectively) in the report. But trust and communication were still top of the list, on average, above commitment, shared values, and personality.
A quarter of those surveyed said that they were in a "distressed" relationship because of children, poor health, or low incomes, and one in ten occasionally regretted entering into their marriage or civil partnership.
For more information visit www.relate.org.uk/policy-campaigns/our-campaigns/way-we-are-now-2017.
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From Colonial Times till Today: Great American Essayists
Great American Essayists
Do you know that famous novelists and great thinkers found writing essays enjoyable? Of course, when modern students here the word 'essay', they immediately have an unpleasant association with a boring, standardized five-paragraph piece of writing on a theme which cannot inspire anyone.
Yet, treasuries of the majority of great authors, including American authors, contain essays. Why would novelists like Ernest Hemingway or poets like Edgar Allan Poe write essays? An essay gives a writer the freedom to analyze urgent issues that would not be a good fit for a bigger literary form. Certainly, writers manage to express their life philosophy in novels through their characters, but essays give them an opportunity to leave the characters behind and use their own voice.
Famous Essayists from Colonial Times till the 20th Century
First American essayists began to write in the early, colonial years. Most of them were clergymen who dedicated their writing to the norms of morality and ethics, etc. The great representatives of the essay writers of this period are John Woolman and Samuel Sewell, who were condemning slave trade in North America.
The next period in the history of America was the democratic period which led to the War of Independence and the creation of the Declaration of Independence. Although these years were not quite beneficial for American writers because of the great influence of the British literature and authors, it gave people a number of prominent political activists and thinkers who also expressed their ideas and theories in essays. Such great thinkers were Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, and Benjamin Franklin.
The War of Independence and the existence of the Declaration gave the entire nation that necessary strength they required to establish its own, national literature. The democratic period with its revolutionary moods was followed by the era of Romanticism. This was an epoch of admiration for nature, revealing feelings and emotions, and expressing the inner self. The most outstanding writers and essayists of the Romantic period are James Fenimore Cooper, Washington Irving, Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Bronson Alcott, and Edgar Allan Poe.
Romanticism didn't last for too long. Romantic moods were replaced by war moods which resulted in the Civil War between the industrial North and the agrarian South. After the North's victory, lives of thousands of people have changed and never went back to how they used to be. It was the rise of a new era, in which the strongest and the smartest survive. This was the era of Realism which 'gave birth' to a pleiad of brilliant writers and poets. The essayists of this period were would like to mention are Mark Twain, Jack London, Henry James, Mary Austin, Thomas Nelson Page, and Henry Adams.
Years of piece didn't last too long. The entire world, including the USA, was impacted by the World War I. The great representatives of the 'lost generation' are Ernest Hemingway, Francis Scott Fitzgerald, William Faulkner, and T.S.Eliot.
Contemporary American Essayists
The 20th and 21st centuries did not leave readers without fantastic essays writers who managed to polish this writing form and make it even more interesting and creative.
One of the most outstanding novelists and essayists of the modern period is Joan Didion. In her works, Didion raised questions about American morals and social fragmentation through her own personality. Through analyzing her inner self and her way of thinking, she tried to comprehend the world. The works of this author are technically and aesthetically brilliant. So, if you are fond of essays and, for some reason, are not familiar with Joan Didion's art, you should do it immediately. Some of her most prominent essays are Some Dreamers of the Golden Dream, Marrying Absurd, The Santa Ara, On Morality, etc.
The next author on our list of greatest American essay writers is Gore Vidal. From interviews with Gore Vidal, we can find out that he began to write at the age of five and created his first novel when he was seven years old. He couldn't remember the time when he was not writing. In his works, he discussed the topics of politics, religion, and sex. Some of his famous essays include The Last Empire, Armageddon, Notes on Our Patriarchal State, Birds and the Bees, and many others.
Themes of democracy, race, and American identity were distinctive in the essays of James Author Baldwin. He was a famous African-American poet, playwright, and social critic. His essays No Name in the Street and The Fire Next Time are known for their book length. Baldwin's other outstanding works are Many Thousands Gone, Stranger in the Village, etc.
Annie Dillard is another famous American fiction and non-fiction writer known for her distinctive writing technique of giving detailed descriptions and noticing unnoticeable. According to Dillard, essays are so special because they reflect writers' "self-conscious interest in writing". In 1975 Annie Dillard became a laureate of the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction. The winning work was her book Pilgrim at Tinker Creek. Some of Dillard's essays are This is the Life, The Stunt Person, Total Eclipse, Teaching a Stone to Talk, and others.
The list of brilliant American essayists is, in fact, extremely long. We encourage you to learn more about classic as well as contemporary authors and read their masterpieces.
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The Esco Story
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Since 2000, Colin has been designing and producing custom-made containment equipment for the pharmaceutical industry. With his deep understanding of the ever-changing requirements for the industry, Colin leads with a focus on customer service, quality, continuous improvement, and instilling the Esco team culture values. He is also an advocate of health and safety in the workplace.
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Reading… Seminar II, Chapter VI – Freud, Hegel and the Machine
Owen Hewitson - LacanOnline.com May 4, 2010 Reading… Seminar II, Chapter VI – Freud, Hegel and the Machine2017-03-25T19:36:17+01:00 Lacan 1 Comment
Seminar II – The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis
Chapter VI – Freud, Hegel and the machine
(All quotations refer to The Seminar of Jacques Lacan: Book II: The Ego in Freud's Theory and in the Technique of Psychoanalysis, 1954 -1955, Edited by Jacques-Alain Miller, translated by Sylvana Tomaselli, with notes by John Forrester, WW Norton: 1991)
Lacan opens the seminar announcing that he is going to be talking about the 'compulsion to repeat', Wiederholungszwang. His range here encompasses a two periods of Freud's work, from the early Project for Scientific Psychology (as it is named in the Standard Edition), to Beyond the Pleasure Principle. Lacan uses this session to question the place of the pleasure principle in Freud's work, where the idea comes from, and where it is left after 1920 with the publication by Freud of Beyond the Pleasure Principle.
In their masterful work, The Language of Psychoanalysis, Laplanche and Pontalis ask the simple question: what is the pleasure principle? The difference in debate hinges on whether Freud is positing a principle of constancy – that there is a certain amount of energy which has to be kept at a minimum or at least constant level – or a principle by which the organism seeks to divest itself of excitation, the logical horizon of which could just as well be death, which would actually take us beyond the pleasure principle. How, for example, to decide one way or the other on the basis of the following extract from Beyond the Pleasure Principle:
"The dominating tendency of mental life, and perhaps of nervous life in general, is the effort to reduce, to keep constant or to remove internal tension due to stimuli (the 'Nirvana principle', to borrow a term from Barbara Low) – a tendency which finds expression in the pleasure principle; and our recognition of that fact is one of our strongest reasons for believing in the existence of death instincts" (Freud, Beyond the Pleasure Principle, SE XVIII, p.55 – 56).
Lacan notices that "it is remarkable to see how, in the writings of an author like Hartmann, the three terms – principle of constancy, pleasure principle, Nirvana principle – are totally identified, as if… it were always the same thing he was talking about" (p.64). However, looking at the passage above from Beyond the Pleasure Principle there is a clear lack of theoretical refinement on Freud's part. As Laplanche and Pontalis note, "Freud evidently looks upon "the effort to reduce, to keep constant or to remove internal tension due to stimuli" as manifestations of a single principle. Yet the trend of the internal energy in a system to fall to zero-point is scarcely comparable with the peculiar tendency of living organisms to maintain an equilibrium with their surroundings at a constant (and possibly very high) level" (Laplanche and Pontalis, p.343). Are not these three vicissitudes very different things that imply different conceptualisations of a governing principle of psychic life? Moreover, Freud seems to present "the effort to reduce, to keep constant, or to remove internal tension" as both an expression of, and a beyond of, the pleasure principle, which raises the question: what could Freud mean by a 'beyond' of the pleasure principle?
For Lacan the matter is simple. He approaches the problem by critiquing the analysts of his day who practice a psychotherapeutic psychoanalysis on a theoretical misapprehension that, Lacan believes, Freud writes Beyond the Pleasure Principle in order to correct: that the unconscious is simply the negative of the ego. As he sees it, such analysts believe that the unconscious and the primary processes are some how on the 'underside' of the ego and the secondary processes, and that therefore therapeutically,
"… it would be enough to work on one to work on the other at the same time. In working on the ego and resistance, one would by the same token get at the heart of the problem. Freud wrote Beyond the Pleasure Principle precisely to explain that the matter can't be left like that" (p.64).
This view represents a model of the mind as a kind of homeostasis – act on one part (the resistance) and you have a concomitant effect on the other (the unconscious). Analysis thereby becomes the analysis of resistance, pure and simple. The problem with this view is that it fails to answer what is a very basic, very naïve question: why doesn't the repressed stay repressed? If there is a need for a permanent expenditure of energy to keep the repressed repressed, why does the expenditure always fail? Why is there, as Freud found, a tendency to repeat?
"Why does the repressed system manifest itself with such insistence, as I called it last time? If the nervous system is set to reach a position of equilibrium, why doesn't it attain it? These matters, when put like that, are so obvious" (p.65).
Lacan's learned interlocutors however have difficulties of a more fundamental kind.
Mannoni seeks clarification on what sense in which we should understand Freud's discovery of a compulsion to repeat. Should we think of repetition as an attempt to make something that has failed succeed (for example, as a shell-shocked soldier will have recurring dreams that might attempt to master the trauma he was ill-prepared for on the battlefield); or should we think of it as an attempt to return to an original state of things (for example, the salmon swimming upstream to die)? Mannoni's point is a good one, and although it is difficult to see how the second sense might be considered a repetition, Lacan takes the opportunity to pick up what Lacan diplomatically calls an "intermingling, interweaving [of] a restitutive tendency and a repetitive tendency" (p.65-66) in Freud's handing of the concept of repetition (the German Wiederholungszwang). Whether or not Freud's concept has a lack of theoretical clarity or whether he intended to maintain a level ambiguity is debatable.
"There is, as Lefebvre-Pontalis observed, an ambiguity in the use of the word Wiederholungszwang [compulsion to repeat]. There are two registers intermingling, interweaving, a restitutive tendency and a repetitive tendency, and between the two, I wouldn't want to say that Freud's thought vacillates, because there is no less vacillating thought than his, but one does have the feeling that his research retraces its steps. It is as if each time he goes too far in one direction, he stops to say – isn't this simply the restitutive tendency? But at each turn he remarks that this isn't enough, and that, after the restitutive tendency has manifested itself something is left over which at the level of individual psychology appears to be gratuitous, paradoxical, enigmatic and is genuinely repetitive" (p.65-66).
What does this left-over, gratuitous element that repeats imply for the way we conceptualise the pleasure principle? Laplanche and Pontalis contribute an interesting point here:
"The fact is that Freud only postulates the existence of principles or instinctual forces which transcend the pleasure principle on those occasions when he is opting for an interpretation of this principle tending to identify it with the principle of constancy. Whenever he is tempted, on the contrary, to conflate the pleasure principle with a principle of reduction of tension to zero (Nirvana principle), then there is no doubt in his mind that it has the fundamental character of a first principle (see especially 'Death Instincts')" (Laplanche and Pontalis, p.324).
In other words, does repetition point to a failure of the pleasure principle (the pleasure principle understood as a principle of constancy) – e.g., the soldier's nightmares; or does it imply something that works in the opposite direction? A kind of anti-pleasure principle?
This is essentially Mannoni's problem. As he puts it in his question to Lacan,
"I haven't quite made out if that made him [Freud] return to the idea that there was a pure and simple restitution, or whether, on the contrary, he added to the pure and simple restitution, a compulsion" (p.66),
And Mannoni suggests that Freud "would have been better of calling it anti-instinct" (p.66)
This is a good suggestion, and the 'death' of the 'death instinct' or 'death drive' immediately leads us to assume that Freud is trying to articulate a daemonic and destructive principle, something on the opposite side of life or a 'life drive'. And indeed what we find in repetition is something which is the opposite of restitutive, something that does not seek equilibrium. But should we think of the 'death' in 'death drive' as corresponding to a biological tendency? In other words, should we look at these principles as having a biological underpinning? Freud appears clearly to have believed that they must. His remark in the paper that, "The dominating tendency of mental life, and perhaps of nervous life in general, is the effort to reduce, to keep constant or to remove internal tension due to stimuli" (SE XVIII, p.55 – 56) seem to bring us to an insoluble contradiction, articulated well by Bejarano in the seminar:
"He [Freud] seems to be saying that the life-preserving instincts lead to death, he says in effect that death is sought out by the preservative instincts. This seems to me as specious as saying, by transposition, that fire, that is to say heat, is cold. I can't understand why he calls that death instinct" (p.67).
Lacan gives his fullest elaboration on the death drive and repetition a decade later in Seminar XI, placing them as two of the four fundamental concepts of psychoanalysis. In this seminar Lacan is simply looking at the development of Freud's thought and specifically the implications of Beyond the Pleasure Principle on Freud's metapsychology. However, Lacan offers us in Seminar XI a solution to Bejarano's problem which it is worth touching on here. I have decided to quote in full a beautiful passage from the Slovenian Lacanian Slavoj Zizek's book The Parallax View, which expounds Lacan's view:
"The Freudian death drive has nothing whatsoever to do with the craving for self-annihilation, for the return to the inorganic absence of any life-tension; it is, on the contrary, the very opposite of dying – a name for the 'undead' eternal life itself, for the horrible fate of being caught in the endless repetitive cycle of wandering around in guilt and pain. The paradox of the Freudian 'death drive' is therefore that it is Freud's name for its very opposite, for the way immortality appears within psychoanalysis, for an uncanny excess of life, for an 'undead' urge which persists beyond the (biological) cycle of life and death, of generation and corruption. The ultimate lesson of psychoanalysis is that human life is never 'just life': humans are not simply alive, they are possessed by the strange drive to enjoy life in excess, passionately attached to a surplus which sticks out and derails the ordinary run of things" (Slavoj Zizek, The Parallax View, 2006, London: MIT Press, p.61)
Even contemporary with this seminar, in the 1953 paper The Function and Field of Speech and Language in Psychoanalysis we find Lacan presenting the death drive in the following terms:
"It is not, in fact, a perversion of instinct, but rather a desperate affirmation of life that is the purest form we can find of the death instinct" (Ecrits 320).
Contrary to many contemporary historical accounts, the theory of the death instinct does not show us a Freud who throws up his hands in despair when he finds that his theory has failed, or when he encounters a contradiction in his own work. Nor is it a reflection of the pessimism of his old age. For Lacan, it has the status of a concept in its own right, and should be taken seriously as a response to clinical problems.
Lacan moves on to pose two more question: firstly, is psychoanalysis a humanism; and secondly, what is the difference between Freud's thought and that of Hegel? In essence, the second question is used to approach an answer to the first, but before getting to Hegel, Lacan cannot help launching an attack on ego psychology and the assumptions brought in its wake.
Lacan's opposition to ego psychology has been well-documented in his own work and in the work of secondary texts, so here we do not need to do more than condense the remarks made in the context of this seminar: how can we rely on the ego as an ally in the treatment if it is from the ego that the analysand's resistances spring? If the 'autonomous ego' constitutes a 'conflict-free sphere', how do we avoid the homunculus problem "that, somewhere in him [man], be it in the pineal gland or elsewhere, there's a signalman, the little man within a man, who makes the apparatus tick" (p.68)? Psychoanalysis has fallen into this trap under ego psychology.
Moving to Hegel, Lacan interpret the former's Absolute Knowledge (the culmination of the evolution of consciousness through the dialectic) as finding its embodiment in discourse, but creating a division in man that he calls "reciprocal alienation", on the grounds that, "the reality, so to speak, of each human being is in the being of the other" (p.72). Applied to the slave-master dialectic then, we would be looking at a situation in which the master wishes he could enjoy all the things he believes the slave to enjoy, and the slave wishes he could enjoy all the things he believes the master is enjoying.
We will see how, by Freud's time, this double-bind is eliminated, but first Lacan attempts to situate Freud in a historical context. Freud, Lacan says, was a physician in the sense that in his time "The physician has with respect to the body the attitude of the man who dismantles a machine" (p.73). By Freud's time the body was considered as something separate from man, and its study, the way it is conceived by Freud's time, is on the model of the machine. The first machine, in Descartes time, was a fairly primitive one: the clock. But by Hegel's time the development of a new, much more sophisticated machine was on the horizon, which accuses Hegel of failing to see the importance of: the steam engine.
So how does Lacan reach the conclusion to his initial question, that psychoanalysis is not a humanism? Contra Hegel, with the development of the modern machine it is possible to think of man, and inter-human relations, not just in terms of the imaginary dual relationship of slave-master: the machine gives us a new model that we can employ to conceptualise how human beings operate. Lacan's argument is that thanks to the model provided by the machine the unconscious, as Freud was able to theorise it, does not come from a tradition that takes man as the measure of all things. This is the world Hegel is living in, but by Freud's time we can exchange this model for a newer one that technological progress has thrown up. Just as William Harvey was only able to think of the heart as a pump once the pump had been developed as a means of moving water, the gulf between what was conceptually possible for Hegel and what was conceptually possible for Freud is vast. As Lacan puts it, "It's like talking about the contradiction between the Parthenon and hydroelectricity, they've got nothing to do with one another. Between Hegel and Freud, there's the advent of the world of the machine" (p.74).
Moreover, the coming of the age of machines enables us to reconceptualise humans as homeostats; and Lacan says that this leads in turn to a reconceptualisation of biology, from its vitalist basis, to one in which the body is treated like a machine that can be operated on, worked, that performs functions better or worse, etc. this might be the kind of conception that Freud-the-physician begins with, but for Freud-the-psychoanalyst, according to Lacan,
"Freudian biology has nothing to do with biology. It is a matter of manipulating symbols with the aim of resolving energy questions, as the homeostatic reference indicates, thus enabling us to characterise as such not only the human being, but the functioning of its major apparatuses" (p.75, my italics).
It is in relation to energy questions, and not in relation to the biological measure of death, that life, the object of enquiry for biology, is seen by Freud. As Lacan puts it,
"Freud's whole discussion revolves around that question, what, in terms of energy, is the psyche? This is where the originality of what in him is called biological thought resides. He wasn't a biologist, any more than any of us are, but throughout his work he placed the accent on the energy function" (p.75)
Freud is unsatisfied with an explanation from the biological domain, so he employs what Lacan refers to as an 'energy myth'; and it is in this myth that Lacan sees an implication that is revealed by the model of the homeostat that the machine gives to man:
"If we know how to reveal the meaning of this energy myth, we see the emergence of what was, from the start and without it being understood, implicit in the metaphor of the human body as a machine. Here we see the manifestation of a certain beyond of the inter-human reference, which is in all strictness a symbolic beyond" (p.75-76, my italics).
The 'energy myth' gives us a "conception of the nervous system according to which it always tends to return to a point of equilibrium" (p.76), an idea that Freud inherits from the psycho-physical parallelism of Fechner. Using this model,
"Freud tried to build a theory of the functioning of the nervous system, by showing that the brain operates as a buffer-organ between man and reality, as a homeostat organ. And he then comes up against, he stumbles on, the dream. He realises that the brain is a dream machine" (p.76).
Lacan is not referring here to the period in Freud's work where he writes Beyond the Pleasure Principle. This is instead the point in the mid-1890s where Freud, as it is commonly characterised, abandons neuroanatomy in favour of psychology. But Lacan says this is not really a correct characterisation. We can perhaps understand why by looking closer at Lacan's choice of the term 'dream machine' here. What he believes Freud's work of this period reveals is that the 'dream work', as Freud calls it in The Interpretation of Dreams, operates like a machine: it churns away on the raw material of the impressions and latent content of the previous day and produces, according to certain operations (the primary processes), something new – the manifest content of the dream we remember when we wake up. For Lacan, this raw material that the dream work works on is the stuff of language in its pure materiality – the signifier, the letter. In much the same way as a machine can be set to run and produce something automatically, without human intervention, so the dream is produced on a completely 'different stage' to the one in which we usually locate human beings.
This is why psychoanalysis is not a humanism. On a simple level, the machine allows us to conceptualise the body as separate from man, as something that we are able to study and work on independently of his existence; how we conceive the nervous system is founded on the principle of homeostatic energetics, and therefore man is no longer the measure of all things. But Lacan goes further than this: the machine is a model that allows us to understand the productions of the unconscious. We might even half-jokingly assert that the human being is only there to alibi the dream as a product of the unconscious.
The problem for Lacan was that Freud did not see this discovery of the unconscious and its formations for what it was – a machinic process – and so carries on using the 'energy myth' with which to explain it. However, we should at least pause here to make an important point about Freud's thought: that nothing in the way the primary processes work in the productions of the unconscious (dreams, slips, jokes, symptoms) necessitates a theory based on energetics. If we jettison the theoretical baggage of energetics and homeostasis from Freud's work it can be replaced by another (for example, Lacan's implied ontology) without threatening the coherence of psychoanalysis as a whole. What Freud's thought implies to Lacan is a conception of the psyche on the basis of symbolic operations on the raw material of the signifier; Freud however expresses it, in the Project of 1895 and The Interpretation of Dreams in terms of energetics.
To conclude by returning to the questions around the pleasure principle with which we started, the effect of the theory of repetition, of Wiederholungszwang on the theory of psychoanalysis is to shake things up once more. Freud is forced to re-examine and re-think the theory that he has founded on an "energy myth", and this drags into question all the associated notions of the pleasure principle, the principal of psychical inertia, and homeostasis. Lacan shows how this is a theory which emerges at a particular historical moment, a moment that Lacan believes enables us to separate Freud's thought from Hegel's: "In Freud something is talked about, which isn't talked about in Hegel, namely energy" (p.74). In fact, perhaps a better title than the one this chapter is given in the published edition would be, 'Hegel – the machine – Freud', as Lacan is making a point about the historical place of these three and, more precisely, the change in the way that man is conceptualised – "Between Hegel and Freud, there's the advent of the world of the machine" (p.74).
The rise of the machine post-Hegel but pre-Freud, with the mechanisation of the Industrial Revolution, allows for a different conception of man, which Freud bases on an 'energy myth'. At first, he grafts this Fechnerian energy model onto a metapsychology to describe what he sees when the unconscious is at work, producing the dream, jokes, symptoms and slips. But when this theory breaks down with Beyond the Pleasure Principle, the consequence of the re-thinking of the very basis of his theories is a 'beyond' of the pleasure principle, namely, the death drive.
lacan, psychoanalysis, seminar II
Michael Juravlyov - March 20th, 2019 at 3:17 pm none Comment author #1859 on Reading… Seminar II, Chapter VI – Freud, Hegel and the Machine by LACANONLINE.COM
Thank you very much.It is very helpful . Let me understand it correctly – is it that for Lacan the unconscious originates in the Symbolic insofar as it is the binary 0 and 1 sequential interplay or as is it the interplay of the signifiers at which one signifier refers to another and another etc ?Or is it both ?
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CBD is a non-psychoactive drug, as opposed to its cannabinoid counterpart, THC. CBD has been shown to have remarkable effects on people with schizophrenia, epilepsy, autism, ADHD, etc.
Growing dependent on opioid-based medications can be devastating. A study found on 150,000 people showed that around half of them stopped taking their garden-variety prescription medicines for anxiety and depression after switching over to CBD.
Furthermore, CBD also has sleep-inducing properties to promote a more relaxed state of mind.
We don't need any further clarification to get us to avail CBD for anxiety, and better yet, we can grow our own dutch seeds in the comfort of our homes.
Have you looked long and hard to relieve yourself of your recurring pain for far too long?
CBD oil restricts your body from absorbing anandamide, which in turn eases the pain you feel. CBD oil also acts to reduce inflammation in the brain and nervous system. This helps to relieve people from the sensation of feeling pain.
The pain associated with arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and chronic pain have exhibited remarkable short-term and long-term benefits from the application and ingestion of CBD oil.
Getting your CBD dosage for pain right is of paramount importance, anywhere between 2.5 to 20 milligrams for about 25 days can save you from having to search for other pain-relieving products, which can hardly hold their grounds against CBD oil.
So, the next time you're seeking the organic road, consider the factual ground around the positive effects of CBD.
Buy High Quality and Low Cost CBD Oil Today!


Federal taxes down, state taxes up, No impeachment today? I must be okay!
Thank you nonvoters–In God's name, I'm just killing for peace! I might be starting World War Three because I don't have a Plan B.
Why do an intern when I can do the world?
Our Southern border is invaded everyday, but I think that's okay.
Bombing Afghanistan the flags were flying, so are our present polls lying?
We've got a bigger one with W—–A—–R!
I'm exceeding Hitler's and the Roman Empire's military budget.
Now you know what it's like to be a "Good German" in the early 1930's.
The more bombing heeded, the less humanitarian aid needed.
National Council of Churches, Walter Cronkite, and the Pope say I'm wrong.
I think criticism is similar to treason–I won't listen to reason.
I've got fact-free Limbaugh, CNN, Fox and corporate TV.
Corporations first, children last–it's a shame Jesus was only in the past.
I foster fear because it helps keep the public in chaos and a mess.
Watch "Chicago" and see how easy it is to manipulate the press.
By always talking war, I'm slipping Congress garbage under the door.
I can think of several reasons why elections won't be held in 2004.
Apathy is letting me bankrupt the nation.
Laura's afraid of poets, but I've got the bullets.
Don't try me for treason–I have my reason.
Don't get mad–I'm doing this for Dad!


text:
Christiane Lemieux Announces The Inside, a New Home Decor Brand Poised to Turn the Industry on Its Head
AD spoke with Lemieux, of DwellStudio fame, about the launch of her new brand—which is launching with $1.5 million in seed funding
Katherine McGrath
Christiane Lemieux has done it again. The former executive creative director of Wayfair and founder of DwellStudio and Cloth & Company has just announced the launch of The Inside, a genius—and stylish—new made-to-order home decor brand that is sure to make waves in the design industry worldwide. The Inside's premise is simple: direct-to-consumer designer patterns and capsule collections on affordably priced furniture, with zero inventory or footprint. Not to mention that your design arrives at your doorstep in just 6-9 days from UPS, which makes waiting all day for a furniture delivery a thing of the past.
Courtesy of The Inside.
Using a virtual manufacturing process with 3D models and digital printing, The Inside, like Cloth & Company, is akin to fast fashion: offering bold and stylish options to consumers at prices that aren't terrifying. Unlike fast fashion, however, The Inside brings top designers to the table instead of their knockoffs. For the debut, The Inside has partnered with designers Clare V. and Peter Som to create capsule collections, with more designers in the pipeline. It has also secured an impressive $1.5 million in seed funding from Forerunner Ventures, the leader commerce and retail venture capital fund behind Dollar Shave Club's exit to Unilever, and Jet.com and Bonobos's exits to Walmart.
"Everyone wants to be able to express themselves through their homes," Lemieux told AD ahead of the launch. "It's where we live, and take pictures, and make memories that grab your heart." As the internet completely revolutionizes the way we live, shop, and do just about everything else, LeMieux took note and saw an opportunity. "There's got to be a way to bring fashion to the home affordably," she thought. So she spent fifteen months researching digital printing, manufacturing, direct-to-consumer businesses, and what it would take to get The Inside off the ground.
At launch, The inside offers 850 different combinations, with full mix-and-match capability coming soon. Offering a vast array of custom couches, beds, ottomans, bar stools, pillows, statement chairs, and even a line of children's furniture, the line is the perfect solution for the millennial set looking for a stylish statement, the downsizers, the second homes, or anyone with a transient lifestyle in an urban environment. Though it specializes in pops of color and pattern, The Inside also offers a palette of solids, too. And if it doesn't offer exactly what you're looking for, hang tight— Lemieux is eager to help customers design the furniture of their dreams. "I'll even draw the design myself!" she says with a laugh. Given her passion, expertise, talent, and enthusiasm, we aren't entirely sure if she's kidding or not.
"But It's not about me designing," she said, "it's about helping people design for themselves— making personal choices to create interiors they love."
Explorechristiane lemieuxdesignerdwellstudiofast fashiondigital printing
What Would Jan Showers and Paloma Contreras Put in DFW Airport's New Terminal?
Michael Martin


The testimonials and statements below are published with the permission of the Clients. Those statements without contact details or names have been published in this way at the request of the Client. We are pleased to have been able to assist our Clients and look forward to assisting you with your immigration, work permit and visa requirements.
"I am writing to thank you for your excellent service during my Tier 1 visa application process. There was excellent communication from your end throughout the application process, especially during the explanation of the required documents. Everytime I submitted my documents, the subsequent process was promptly followed by you, not to mention the final submission which was made almost immediately after my documents were in proper order."
"I wish you and SkillClear the best for the future, and will surely recommend you to anyone I know who is likely to require consultation for immigration matters." Desai V.
"Just to let you know that I have received my documents just fine with the new visa stamped. This is just an email to thank you and your team for the wonderful service you have provided me. I found it to be extremely efficient and professional from start to finish. Both me and my friends/partner have used other immigration lawyers in the past for my work permit and other visas in the past (who are also based in Kent) but it is very very clear to me that your quality of service has far exceeded theirs. In addition to the amazingly fast turnaround time, I found that the main reason why I am so satisfied with your service was the quick and concise response to emails. Previously the lawyer I used was far too busy to respond within 2 days and sometimes too busy to even respond at all or talk to me on the phone. When they did respond their emails were a bit snotty and arrogant at times making it seem to the client that he is either asking a very stupid question or the lawyer does not value him at all. For a client who is paying a lot of money for a life changing service, it is very important in my view for the lawyer to reassure the client and answer any questions he may have, no matter how trivial that question may be. I found your attitude and your professionalism to be simply outstanding. I can't fault you in any way."
"I have been most impressed with the service from SkillClear. You have always been quick to respond to any query that I've had, actioned applications as soon as you were able to and prepared to do extra work to help ensure that my application was successful. I greatly appreciated your efforts in appealing the incorrect decisions initially made by the Home Office where I'm not so sure I would have received the same level of commitment and personal attention from some other agencies on the market."
"To the senior staff and directors of Skillclear,"
"For someone who likes to think that I am a fairly good writer, no words can properly articulate what Skillclear, and most important, the single handedly most important person, [Consultant name] has done for me. He went above and beyond what one person can do, knowing how difficult my case would be, but he perservered. He understood the importance of making my dream come true, and over the course of these two and half months, has become a tremendously important person to me. He offered advice when needed, comfort and support when feeling as if I wasn't sure it would all work out. Both Skillclear, and [Consultant name], have completely changed my life, and I hope they realize the impact made on my life. It is truly a monumental moment in time for me, a life altering event, and they were there (more specifically [Consultant name]) every step of the way. I don't know what I would have done without him."
"It's all because of you, you made my dreams come true. No one, or nothing else can replace that. Know that you have forever impacted my life."
"The process has been flawless from start to finish, and I feel like I have gained not just a visa, but a very important person into my life along the way."
I wish to convey my appreciation for the service provided by Skill Clear for my HSMP permit. I work as Chief Engineer in (employer name withheld), Republic of Yemen since 1996.
I had consulted Skill Clear for assessment of my case for HSMP and they provided me the details of documentation needed. SkillClear,after assessment, guided me during the document preparation and submission stages so as to meet the requirements of UK Home office. Once the documents were given, SkillClear had arranged my HSMP permit within 2 weeks.
SkillClear had handled my case competantly with a professional approach. They are efficient and quality of service excellent with prompt & timely responses including personal attention by the director himself. There is significant contribution from SkillClear in the success of my HSMP permit.
I shall be very happy to recommend SkillClear to my friends and all those who wish to migrate to UK for availing their services. I am confident that the aspirations of prospective apllicants shall be met successfully through efficient and high quality service from SkillClear."
I am an Indian citizen working in UK on a workpermit through an Indian firm. There was a heavy push for offshoring in the company and I have realised that the chances of my present workpermit extension through my Company are very remote. As I am in IT and have special skills I have decided to take advantage of HSMP scheme, but had less than four months of valid visa left in my passport to get HSMP. I wanted to get HSMP Visa successfully and if possible also in time before my current valid visa expires. I wanted to take no chances with the application in any way and take the assistance of an expert in this area. I came to know about Skillclear through one of my friend, after talking to one of the immigration experts I have decided on the spot to apply for HSMP through Skillclear because of the quality of the conversation. Although I was some times not so happy about the time taken for their attention to details about the documents I produce to support the application, I shall admit that now I believe that attention to details is one of the reasons that had led to the efficient documentation bringing in quick success to my HSMP application. I am very happy to say that even my FLR (IED) stamping on my passport, the process which starts after the successful HSMP application, is completed before the expiration of my current visa. Now, at the time of writing this testimonial, a month after getting HSMP visa, I have got a job offer because of my HSMP status. I am thankful to Skillclear in assisting me to get a successful HSMP Visa without which the current job offer would have been extremely difficult to get.
"It gives me an immense pleasure in stating that since the day I applied for my work permit under HSMP the service I got was professional and really commendable. At each step I was directed in such a manner that the job became easier for me. Each member who handled my case knew precisely the background even when I enquired any info over the telephone I was provided with it. Really SkillClear is a professional organization and I will recomend to all my friends to apply through SkillClear." A.R.
"I have received the official letter of my HSMP success. My experience with your company was an excellent one. I must say that in this world of lack of concern for the customer and of broken promises, SkillClear has proven to be a rare exception. I was in fact sceptical about the whole thing at the start and apprehensive about sending the originals of my certificates and money to "someone I didn't know". I decided to take a chance with you and this has turned out to be one of the best decisions I have ever made.
Thank you very much for the professionalism, efficiency and competence with which you have handled my application. Not only the information and instructions provided were clear, acurate and precise, but you also proved to be very serious by paying attention to the little details which did not fufill the Home Office's requiremnents.
Special praise goes to my Consultant who represented me, for his great attitude: he was remarkable by making himself avaible to discuss any problems and to advise on how to solve them. I am indeed grateful for the patience he showed when I delayed in sending some documents. I sincerely appreciate the way he communicated with me: He replied fastly to all my e-mails, kept me informed as to what was happening to my application, e-mailed me once he received documents and let me know if all was well or not.
"The purpose of this e-mail is to sing the praises of (my SkillClear) consultant for my UK HSMP Application to the UK Home Office. My story is amusing and fascinating (to me) though perhaps you are accustomed to amusing and fascinating stories so I acknowledge that it may bore you to tears.
I had the good fortune to live in England for 2 years as part of an international work assignment. Though I am American born and have lived in Ohio, Texas, New Jersey, Illinois and North Carolina (with a post in Switzerland thrown in for good measure) I have never experienced the sense of community that I found in the villages of England. I was enamoured of the lifestyle and sincerely hoped I could persuade my employer to allow me to "localise" and be permanently employed in the UK. Unfortunately, in common with so many others in today's business environment, my job was eliminated and I was made redundant.
I repatriated to the United States and found that much had changed in the 2 years I was living in England. The September 11 attack on the World Trade Centre had a tangible impact on the psyche of the American people. My heart and soul longed for the more balanced, mature lifestyle of the British people and, after several months of soul searching (and job searching!) I made what was, for me, a very courageous decision to seek to return to the United Kingdom.
I was overjoyed at discovering the Highly Skilled Migrant Programme and rejoiced that the UK Home Office was wise enough to recognise and address the difficulty of obtaining a job without a work permit ... which is most often granted after obtaining a job! As a Ph.D. chemist with 17 years of global, graduate experience in the Pharmaceutical Industry, many at executive levels, I was certain I would qualify for entry under the programme.
With the enthusiasm of the uninformed, I filled out the application, spent 3 months gathering the documentation and mailed my 3 inches of paper to the Home Office at the end of March 2004. Imagine my dismay when I promptly (within 30 days) received a response from the Home Office stating that my application was unacceptable. Though the form letter itemised a number of specific deficiencies, my letter had the box "Other" checked with instructions to correct the errors and return the application. However, the Home Office failed to tell me the nature of the errors. I resourcefully called the contact number referenced on the letter only to hear a recording that I had reached the number in error!
Now despondent, I did the only thing a well-educated, supremely frustrated adult could do ... I hired a consultant! (A SkillClear Consultant) promptly contacted me by telephone and within 24 hours of receipt of my documentation had detailed a plan to improve the quality of my application. He graciously interacted with local references on my behalf and allowed them to submit additional documentation direct to SkillClear. He answered my innumerable questions quickly, thoroughly and thoughtfully. (my Consultant and I exchanged approximately 30 e-mails between 30 April 2004 and 25 May 2004, when my application was submitted.) And he managed my expectations exceptionally well, explaining that in spite of the promised "30 day approval times" the Home Office was running more to "60-90 day approval times."
Near the end of June, (my Consultant) considered ways in which my application could be expedited based on an employment offer I received. He consulted with the potential employer to aid them in creating an appropriate reference letter that could be used on my behalf. In retrospect, perhaps the role simply wasn't convincing to the Home Office. Then again, near the end of August, he considered how the application could be expedited with an offer for a more substantial role. He again provided valued advice on the essential elements of the reference letter.
I was overjoyed when my application was finally approved on September 1. Whilst 3 months is in excess of what the Home Office was promising as review times in May, it was within (my Consultants') anticipated timing. Furthermore, even with the approximate 90 day turnaround, I estimate SkillClear cut a minimum of 7 weeks off the current standard approval times since, as of September 6, 2004, the UK Home Office had only cleared those applications submitted in advance of 13 April. With the approval of my application, I once again bombarded (my Consultant) with a series of e-mails and innumerable questions associated with the entry clearance process. With his patient advice, as of today, my VAF1 is submitted and I will be off to the British Consulate on 15 September to obtain that precious passport stamp! In addition to his skilled advice on the HSMP and entry clearance process, (my Consultant) graciously provided referrals to other services I have since engaged to help with my relocation. (My Consultant was) skilled in his technical understanding of the process. His advice never failed to be timely and accurate. He is also an exceptionally skilled communicator. He used humour to smooth the rough spots and permitted his personality to peek through his words when he recognised a human, and humane, touch was needed. He was always gently cognisant of the inevitable distress I experienced as I patiently (or not so patiently) watch the days, weeks and months tick by, wondering what my future would bring. He reassured me when I myself doubted that future. In short, he helped me stay sane and optimistic in spite of the protracted review time.
I have no doubt whatsoever that when the time comes, I will be using the services of SkillClear to extend my stay in the United Kingdom. Ramona Krailler, Ph.D., (and very happy British resident)."
"I was looking for an agency specialising in providing Migration related services in Britain. I got to know of Skillclear through the Internet (www.skillclear.co.uk). Their website was complete in all aspects and provided me with all the relevant details about Migration and Work Related Visa processing in UK and other countries worldwide. I was specifically interested in evaluating and processing my application for Highly Skilled Migration Programme (HSMP) of the UK government. The online HSMP calculator was a very useful in this regard. Once I emailed my CV to Skillclear, migration consultant dealt with my case in the most efficient manner exemplifying highest level of professionalism in processing my visa application. I got my visa approved within a week of completing all relevant applications and providing detailed documentation to support my case.
It is worth mentioning that Skillclear is a mainly web based organisation and their service charges are very reasonable and competitive. Customers need not spend any time and money travelling back and forth, fixing consultants. The migration consultants are very knowledgeable and helpful in explaining the situation over the Phone or email, providing valuable guidance all along the way. I am impressed by the very quick and effective response from the consultants for all my queries.
During the time that I dealt with Skillclear I was communicated very well at every stage of my application process and everything worked perfectly like clockwork. In about a years time, I will have to process extension of my HSMP visa and I certainly look forward to getting in touch with Skillclear for this purpose.
I thank and appreciate everyone at Skillclear for all the effort that they have put in and help me get my visa. I sincerely Wish them the very Best in all their current and future endeavours. Best Regards from a Very Satisfied Customer." - K.V.
"Thank you very much indeed for the help and professionalism shown by you towards obtaining my HSMP visa. I would recomend my friends and colleagues looking for obtaining an HSMP visa to get in touch with Skillclear, and then relax. I really had nothing to worry at all, everthing was arranged and organized smoothly for me. Finally considering that I actually got the visa within 2 days of submitting all the necessary documentation, it was indeed an excellent effort from Skillclear.
The best thing with Skillclear is, you get the job time in a very quick time, without jeopardising your day to day schedule. I would recommend to engage Skillclear for all those intending to obtain HSMP visa. Thank you very much." - S.B.
"'QUALITY ASSURANCE' that is what I would say about the services provided by SKILL CLEAR which gave me total satisfaction that I was being guided by the RIGHT PEOPLE." - P.S.K.
"Skillclear were the fist ones to respond to my request and from start they had a very open and flexible approach. I had a very good relationship with the consultant in charge of my application. She took time to understand each particular detail of my case which was not very straight forward and I am convinced this was very important for the success of my application." - S.C.
1. Their attention to detail during the application process ensured that there were no further queries from the Home Office once the application was filed.
2. They followed up on status persistently and kept me informed at regular intervals.


text:
Q: Using accelerator table without menuitem I have a wxpython desktop application and I am using python 2.7 and wxpython 2.8.
I know how to add an accelerator table to a menuitem but I would like to fire an event when a user press a certain combination of keys without having a menuitem.
The user could have the focus on any field in my UI but when he press (for instance) CTRL-L an event should be fired. How to do this ?
Thanks for any help

A: You always need to bind your accelerator table items to wx.EVT_MENU, but wxPython doesn't require that you use a menu item object. Here's a simple example:
import wx

class MyForm(wx.Frame):

    #----------------------------------------------------------------------
    def __init__(self):
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, wx.ID_ANY, "Tutorial", size=(500,500))

        # Add a panel so it looks the correct on all platforms
        panel = wx.Panel(self, wx.ID_ANY)

        randomId = wx.NewId()
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MENU, self.onKeyCombo, id=randomId)
        accel_tbl = wx.AcceleratorTable([(wx.ACCEL_CTRL,  ord('Q'), randomId )])
        self.SetAcceleratorTable(accel_tbl)

        text = wx.TextCtrl(panel)
        text.SetFocus()

    #----------------------------------------------------------------------
    def onKeyCombo(self, event):
        """"""
        print "You pressed CTRL+Q!"

# Run the program
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = wx.App(False)
    frame = MyForm()
    frame.Show()
    app.MainLoop()

In this example, we just create a random id, bind that id to an event handler and then create an accelerator that will fire that handler, which in this case is CTRL+Q. To make things more interesting, I added a text control widget and set the focus to that. Then if you press CTRL+Q, you should see the event handler fire and some text appear in your console window.
You can read more about accelerators here:

*

*http://www.blog.pythonlibrary.org/2010/12/02/wxpython-keyboard-shortcuts-accelerators/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Cruise information of the week
Listed here are the cruise information that caught our consideration for the week of April 10 to 16, 2022.
Jamaica will not require a PCR or antigen take a look at from guests as of April 16. As well as, it'll not be obligatory to put on a masks in indoor public locations.
Movie star Cruises
Movie star declares the cancellation of the 2022-2023 Solstice season in Asia. The ship shall be redeployed to Los Angeles for itineraries on the Mexican Riviera.
It's Royal Caribbean's flip to announce that it achieved its largest gross sales quantity in in the future and its finest week in its 53 years of existence the week of March 26 to April 1.
Norwegian (NCL)
The Pleasure of America resumes its 7-night Hawaiian cruises.
As a part of its OceaniaNEXT program, Oceania has introduced that the Riviera and Marina will endure main renovations in 2022 and 2023.


← Pete and Jen Got Married!
As some of you may already know, Henry and Jack have rather large heads. They've had these rather large heads for a while now, and we'd sort of forgotten about them (although we are briefly reminded every time we struggle to get a onesie over their head).
Jack and Henry's heavy heads weigh them down when they try to push up during tummy time or sit up in their Bumbos, so we weren't terribly surprised when Sophie reached those milestones first. For all of her adorable chub, Sophie is tiny. A mere 22 inches long!
Those adorable noggins of theirs have hopped their way up into the 70th-77th percentile in the past few months. For non-preemie 6-month-olds. That means Henry and Jack's heads are bigger than approximately 75% of their 6-month-old, carried-to-term, singleton counterparts. Weight and height are usually adjusted for their age (so we compare to 3.5-month-olds) but doing that for their head circumferences puts them off the charts. So our pediatrician sent us off for head ultrasounds. She tried to sound calm, assured us that she didn't want to scare us, and urged us not to Google it (yeah, right), but she wanted to rule out fluid in the brain. Hydrocephalus to be medically precise.
Here's Henry the morning before his head ultrasound, looking none-to-pleased (and simultaneously adorable of course).
Sophie came along for the ride because her head isn't exactly small, and so on Friday afternoon, the Strumolo Five were off to the pediatric radiology department of New York Presbyterian. We are still awaiting the official results, but the outlook is promising. Sophie is off the hook–nothing in that pretty little head of hers but brains–and the initial, unofficial reading of the boys' pictures show no fluid in the brain. It does appear that they have a significant amount of fluid outside the brain, however, so we are still waiting for word on what that means, but our Google search (sorry, Doc!) suggests that the approach is just wait and see. We think it should resolve on its own.
Sleeping with her shades on. Or off. Whatever.
I will keep you all posted. In the meantime, these little peanuts have been enjoying the fall weather, their toys, and each other.
Sophie and her doll are doing tummy time together.
Sitting up on her own. For a second. Maybe two.
Henry wanted to make sure that Daddy was a part of the party.
He felt much better when he knew everyone was included.
Hanging out and working on those wobbly heads.
THIS JUST IN! If you are still reading this, I heard official word from the doctor between starting this post and finishing it. One word sums it up: "BENIGN!" That's a word we like to hear. They did ask that Will and I measure our own head circumferences to see if either of us have a head circumference in the 95th+ percentile. We'll keep you posted (and you can keep guessing which one of us you think it is).
E: There was some question when Olivia was a baby why her head was big and hydrocephalus was briefly considered but she just has a big head which I think runs in the Pollak family since her cousin has one too. This might not be scientifically accurate but I always thought big head=big brains=very intelligent.
OMG! I just read back through Sept 24th! SERIOUSLY????? And you have a HUGE job….that involves my kids…. and you are surviving all of this AND blogging? I am tired but I owed it to you to stay up and read because while I thought I had a busy day……….
I laughed at the Will at the soccer game post… you know all comedy is tragedy in the retelling right?! I sincerely hope you and Will and the trips are all sound asleep. Bravo on all of it. I am really in awe!


Yahoo has recorded a drop in revenues for four consecutive quarters and a 6% drop in display ads in the final part of the year, leading to a fall in shares of more than 5% in after hours trading.
The internet company said both display and search advertising had declined in the three months to 31 December, while revenues for the quarter fell 6% to $1.27bn.
Overall the company's full year GAAP revenues fell 6% to $4.68bn, though it beat market expectations of $4.4bn.
It has proved a turbulent year for Meyer, who has admitted Yahoo wasn't quick enough to react to the mobile platform, while acquiring blogging site Tumblr for £1.1bn and then losing the company's chief operating officer after just a year in the role.
Marissa Mayer, the chief executive, who joined the company 18 months ago, said she was "encouraged" by Yahoo's performance overall, as well as the "continued stability in the business".
She said: "Our investments allowed us to bring beautiful products to our users and establish a strong foundation for revenue growth.
"In Q4 we launched new Yahoo mail, Yahoo Finance, and our new Flikr photo books, while quickening our pace of experimentation."
However, data from eMarketer shows Yahoo lost its spot as the number two digital ad seller in the US to Facebook for the first time last year. Yahoo's share of worldwide digital ad revenues declined against Google and Facebook's, which both increased their share.


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text:
Derby Central Library (česky Derbská centrální knihovna) je hlavní veřejná knihovna v anglickém městě Derby. Byla založena roku 1879 spolu s městským muzeem a galerií v cihlové budově, navržené Richardem Knillem Freemanem a darované městu Michaelem Thomasem Bassem.

Historie
První stálá knihovna v Derby byla založena v roce 1811 na Queen Street. Ve 30. letech 19. století byla knihovna otevřena všem, kteří zaplatili registrační poplatek čtyři guineje a další guineu jako roční poplatek. Roku 1832 měla knihovna 84 členů. Sbírka knih zahrnovala i 4000 svazků z knihovny Derbské filosofické společnosti. V roce 1863 byl prvním knihovníkem a kurátorem jmenován botanik Alexander Croall a o rok později byly knihovna s muzeem spojeny. Croall svou funkci opustil roku 1875, aby se stal kurátorem Smithova institutu ve Stirlingu. 28. června 1879 uspořádal pan Bass oficiální otevření Derbské svobodné knihovny a muzea, což se stalo příčinou velkých oslav, které ve městě propukly. V září 1898 se ve sbírce knihovny nacházelo cca 31 000 titulů. Roku 1914 byl zbořen dům kurátora, aby se tak uvolnilo místo pro rozšíření knihovny. Ačkoliv jsou nyní Derbská knihovna a Derbské muzeum oddělené instituce, stále sdílejí budovu, ve které byly založeny.

Reference

Externí odkazy

  Oficiální stránky knihovny
  Derby Central Library  na www.librarytechnology.org

Knihovny ve Spojeném království
Derby

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Brewers, making playoff push, go for sweep of Reds
If the Milwaukee Brewers hope to muscle their way into the playoffs, they'll need players like Freddy Peralta to stay healthy and Hunter Renfroe to stay hot over the final 10 games.
Peralta is scheduled to start the series finale against the Cincinnati Reds on Sunday as the Brewers seek their first four-game sweep in Cincinnati since 2003.
The Brewers (82-70) entered play Sunday 1 1/2 games back of the third and final National League wild-card spot in the National League. They gained ground Saturday when they beat the Reds 10-2 behind two home runs and five RBIs from Hunter Renfroe.
"I'm feeling well, healthy and my body is feeling strong again," Renfroe said. "I've felt good at the plate the last few days."
The Brewers have scored 20 runs in the first three games of the series and have belted 43 home runs in 18 games against the Reds this season. They hope to continue that onslaught in the series finale and give Peralta some wiggle room.
Peralta (4-3, 3.45 ERA) last pitched on Sept. 8 as the starter in the second game of a doubleheader against the San Francisco Giants, but lasted just two innings before departing with fatigue in his throwing shoulder.
That was a major concern because Peralta had missed more than two months with a right shoulder strain before returning on Aug. 3,
Many thought he could be done for the season, but Brewers manager Craig Counsell paused those concerns when he announced on Friday night that Peralta would start the series finale, though his pitch count will be limited.
Peralta has posted a winning record in each of his first four seasons with Milwaukee and was named to the MLB All-Star Game last season as a replacement for teammate Brandon Woodruff .
Peralta is 4-2 in 16 career appearances against the Reds, including 10 starts, with a 3.52 ERA
The Reds (59-93) are planning to start rookie left-hander Nick Lodolo in the series finale.
Lodolo (4-7, 3.90) has looked more comfortable and confident as the season has unfolded. He's 1-3 with a 3.02 ERA over his past seven starts with nine walks and 56 strikeouts over 44 2/3 innings.
Lodolo beat the Brewers on Sept. 9, allowing two runs and five hits in eight innings of an 8-2 victory. He struck out a season-high 11 and did not walk a batter.
That was a major improvement over his only other appearance against Milwaukee, when he surrendered three runs and four hits in 4 2/3 innings of a 7-5 win on Aug. 6.
Lodolo also came into Saturday tied for the MLB lead with 18 hit batters, but that's often a result of too much break in his curveball, Reds manager David Bell said.
"We've seen that a couple times, where it's breaking so much that he can't quite get a feel for where to start it out because it just sweeps so much," Bell said.. "That's led to some of the hit-by-pitches."
Lodolo said he's had more success with his breaking ball than failure.
"You're playing with a game of inches there," he said. "Go look at how many strikeouts I've had with balls a couple of inches from the back foot."


text:
Comparison Excluding Commitments: Incommensurability, Adjudication, and the Unnoticed Example of Trade Disputes
Southern California Interdisciplinary Law Journal, Forthcoming
Chicago-Kent College of Law Research Paper No. 2014-17
28 Pages Posted: 14 Jun 2014 Last revised: 18 Jul 2016
See all articles by Sungjoon Cho
Sungjoon Cho
Chicago Kent College of Law
Date Written: 2016
We claim that there are important cases of "incommensurability" in public policymaking, in which all relevant reasons are not always comparable on a common scale as better, worse, or equally good. Courts often fail to confront this. We are by no means the first to contend that incommensurability exists. Yet incommensurability's proponents have failed to sway the courts mainly because they overlook the fact that there are two types of incommensurability. The first ("incompleteness incommensurability") consists of the lack of any appropriate metric for making the comparison. We argue that this type of incommensurability is relatively unproblematic in that courts are well-positioned to construct such a metric if necessary. In contrast, the second ("comparison-excluding incommensurability") consists of a commitment that blocks comparison on a common scale, even if such a scale does exist. Incommensurability of this sort has not been widely acknowledged and does raise deep problems for judicial decision-making. When facing comparison-excluding incommensurability, the courts should not always disregard such commitments, but should acknowledge them in case such commitments are justified in a procedural manner. In this sense, comparison-exclusion incommensurability plays a key constitutive role in the construction of both individual identities and collective identities.
Keywords: incommensurability, incompleteness incommensurability, reason-excluding incommensurability, public policy, courts, judicial decision-making, value conflicts, reason-exclusion, identity
JEL Classification: K19, K39
Cho, Sungjoon and Warner, Richard, Comparison Excluding Commitments: Incommensurability, Adjudication, and the Unnoticed Example of Trade Disputes (2016). Southern California Interdisciplinary Law Journal, Forthcoming, Chicago-Kent College of Law Research Paper No. 2014-17, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2449575 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2449575
Sungjoon Cho (Contact Author)
Chicago Kent College of Law ( email )
565 W. Adams St.


In the last decade of the twentieth century, Dutch comics experienced an apparent decline . Many of the comics magazines that had thrived during the 1980s, such as Sjors and Sjimmie Maanblad, were losing readers and many had to fold. In tolerant Holland, controversial underground comix soon faded, and due to TV and computer games, many lost interest in the static comic-strip. Yet the 1990s also proved a decade in which a new generation of inventive comic artists emerged.
Newspapers printed a lot of imported strips, which were usually a lot cheaper and more dependable than engaging a Dutch comic artist to create a daily comic. Fortunately, a few brilliant new Dutch comics appeared in newspapers at this time. 'Heinz', the crabby cat by René Windig and Eddie de Jong, started appearing in several Dutch newspapers. The strip ran until 2000, and an animated movie is purportedly in the making.
Peter de Wit started his comics career in children's magazines such as Sjors & Sjimmie. He collaborated with Hanco Kolk on several succesful titles such as 'Gilles de Geus' ('Bryant the Brigand', comparable both in story and quality with the early 'Astérix' albums, this time about our 80-years war against the Spanish oppresor) and the newspaper strip 'S1NGLE' in 2000. The popular newspaper strip 'Sigmund', about a psychiatrist with a dark sense of humor, is solely his own creation though, and appears in newspaper De Volkskrant since 1994.
Another popular comics creation of the past decade is 'Fokke & Sukke', cartoons about a canary and duck who give their vision and opinion on virtually everything. This cartoon is created by the team of Reid, Geleijnse and Van Tol, of which Jean-Marc van Tol is the comic artist.
"According to the doctor there is only one cure..."
Comic artists of the newer generation often have to fight to establish themselves, and only a few are able to make a living by just creating comics. Most have day jobs in graphic design, and self-publish their work in their spare time. Despite the barren comic field at this stage, there is still a lot of enthusiasm in the small press circuit. Some artists who started this way have been noticed by publishers, and they have found a growing audience. A good example is the small wave of autobiographical comics by female comic artists, of whom Maaike Hartjes, Barbara Stok and Gerrie Hondius are the most well-known.
Another phenomenon in recent Dutch comics are the more "artful" comics, such as the experimental work by Tobias Schalken and Stefan van Dinther, and the wordless panels of 'Gutsman' by Erik Kriek. They publish their work in beautiful, originally self-funded magazines, and have acquired a devoted crowd of fans.
Left: Erik Kriek often appears in his own comics, here to comfort his creation Gutsman (parody on American superheroes) after a fight with his girlfriend, Tigra.
A few magazines for budding new comic talent still exist, such as the colorful Zone 5300 (about comics, kitsch and curiosa) or De Stripper.
Internet has opened up a whole new way of reaching audiences for comic artists. Beautiful sites about relatively unknown productions are still popping up everywhere, making it easier for comic artists to show and evaluate their work, without having to find a publisher. Internet also serves as a place where comic artists can find each other and communicate.
The Golden Age of Dutch comics may have passed, but the Dutch comics scene is far from dead. Young artists still find the inspiration and the time to start their own comics, and it seems that newspapers are finally realizing that Dutch strips have added value over the imported newspaper strips. The Internet has revived the impulse to experiment, and fortunately there are still a lot of people out there who love to be entertained by this wonderful medium.
We hope you've enjoyed this little overview from our expanded Dutch edition, De Nederlandse Stripgeschiedenis, which provides a more complete picture of this important cultural art form here in the Netherlands.


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text:
Q: Java Runtime Error - Must have access to system preferences I've recently started a java project for uni and wanted to incorporate a library, not sure if I can add links but the library is a date/time thing. I have incorporated the library successfully but I now get the error:

Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: You must have access to the system preferences in order to run the evaluation version of the Dated Collections Library.

I have searched everywhere for at least a solid 25 minutes and cannot find an answer to this issue. I am sure it is something very simple?
Thank you in advance.
Edit:
The read me states:
"The library must have access to the system's preferences in order to run", however does not state how?
Edit 2: Resolved by running intellij as admin, thank you.


text:
History of rugby union matches between Australia and South Africa
Wallaby captain John Solomon chaired by two Springbok players, 2nd Test 1953
The contest between The Wallabies and The Springboks is one of the major rivalries in rugby union.
The teams' first meeting was on 8 July 1933 at Newlands in Cape Town in the first of 5 tests on the 1933 Wallabies tour. The test was won 17–3 by South Africa who also won that first series 3–2.
South Africa has a better than 57% winning record against Australia, and before the era of sporting boycotts, dominated the early encounters up to 1971.[1]
Both sides have exhibited a considerable home advantage, with the Springboks winning more than 75% of matches played in South Africa, and the Wallabies winning more than 60% of matches played in Australia.
In the amateur era, the Springboks made five tours to Australia, and were undefeated in three of them. South Africa won two of the four test series they played in Australia; 2–0 in 1937, and 3–0 in 1971. By contrast, the Wallabies made six tours to South Africa, only once making it through undefeated, albeit on a tour comprising only four matches and one test in 1992. Prior to that, Australia's best away tour was the 2-all drawn test series of 1963.[2]
Prior to 1972, South African teams were racially selected, organised by the whites-only South African Rugby Board. Australia then supported the international boycott of sporting contacts with South Africa over the issue of apartheid. The teams did not meet again until 1992, when apartheid was being dismantled and the SARB had merged with the non-racial South African Rugby Union. Since that time Australia has won just over 50% of their games and has won the Mandela Plate nine times in the twelve years since its inception.[3]
In the professional era, extended tours of each country have been replaced by participation in an annual series involving the top teams of the Southern Hemisphere. From 1996 through 2011, Australia and South Africa competed alongside New Zealand in the Tri Nations series. Starting in 2012, the three nations competed alongside Argentina in The Rugby Championship. In the Tri Nations era, the Wallabies and Springboks played two or three encounters each year on a home-and-away basis; the Rugby Championship features two annual encounters, also on a home-and-away basis.
1 Rugby World Cup
2 Mandela Challenge Plate
3.2 Records
4 List of series
6 XV results
Rugby World CupEdit
Australia and South Africa have met three times in the Rugby World Cup. In 1995 they were drawn in the same pool and host nation South Africa won 27–18, going on to win the cup. In 1999 Australia knocked South Africa out of the competition in a semi-final at Twickenham, winning 27–21. In 2011, Australia again knocked South Africa out of the competition, in a quarter-final at Westpac Stadium in Wellington, winning 11–9.
Mandela Challenge PlateEdit
Main article: Mandela Challenge Plate
20 July 2019 Ellis Park Stadium, Johannesburg South Africa
Australia 2019 Rugby Championship
SummaryEdit
OverallEdit
Won by
Australia points
South Africa points
In Australia 39 25 12 2 842 642
In South Africa 47 10 36 1 670 1061
Neutral venue 2 2 0 0 38 30
Overall 88 37 48 3 1550 1733
RecordsEdit
Note: Date shown in brackets indicates when the record was or last set.
Longest winning streak 5 (23 July 2011 – 29 Sep 2012) 7 (2 Aug 1969 – 29 Aug 1992)
Largest points for
Home 49 (15 July 2006) 61 (23 August 1997)
Away 41 (4 September 2010) 38 (7 September 2013)
Largest winning margin
Away 23 (29 August 1992) 26 (7 September 2013)
Largest aggregate score
83 (South Africa 61-22 Australia) (23 August 1997)
List of seriesEdit
Series winner
1963 2 2 draw
8 July 1933 Newlands, Cape Town 17–3
South Africa 1933 Tour
22 July 1933 Kingsmead, Durban 6–21
12 August 1933 Ellis Park, Johannesburg 12–3
26 August 1933 Crusader Park, Port Elizabeth 11–0
2 September 1933 Springbok Park, Bloemfontein 4–15
26 June 1937 Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney 5–9
17 July 1937 Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney 17–26
5 September 1953 Newlands, Cape Town 14–18
19 September 1953 Kingsmead, Durban 18–8
26 September 1953 Crusader Park, Port Elizabeth 22–9
26 May 1956 Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney 0–9
2 June 1956 Exhibition Ground, Brisbane 0–9
5 August 1961 Ellis Park, Johannesburg 28–3
12 August 1961 Boet Erasmus, Port Elizabeth 23–11
13 July 1963 Loftus Versfeld, Pretoria 14–3
10 August 1963 Newlands, Cape Town 5–9
7 September 1963 Boet Erasmus, Port Elizabeth 22–6
19 June 1965 Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney 18–11
Australia 1965 Tour
26 June 1965 Lang Park, Brisbane 12–8
2 August 1969 Ellis Park, Johannesburg 30–11
16 August 1969 Kings Park, Durban 16–9
6 September 1969 Newlands, Cape Town 11–3
20 September 1969 Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein 19–8
31 July 1971 Exhibition Ground, Brisbane 6–14
7 August 1971 Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney 6–18
29 August 1992 Newlands, Cape Town 3–26
31 July 1993 Sydney Football Stadium, Sydney 12–19
14 August 1993 Ballymore Stadium, Brisbane 28–20
21 August 1993 Sydney Football Stadium, Sydney 19–12
25 May 1995 Newlands, Cape Town 18–27
South Africa 1995 Rugby World Cup
Australia 1996 Tri Nations Series
3 August 1996 Vodacom Park, Bloemfontein 25–19
2 August 1997 Lang Park, Brisbane 32–20
23 August 1997 Loftus Versfeld, Pretoria 61–22
18 July 1998 Subiaco Oval, Perth 13–14
South Africa 1998 Tri Nations Series
22 August 1998 Ellis Park, Johannesburg 29–15
17 July 1999 Lang Park, Brisbane 32–6
30 October 1999 Twickenham, London, England 27–21
Australia 1999 Rugby World Cup
8 July 2000 Colonial Stadium, Melbourne 44–23
29 July 2000 Stadium Australia, Sydney 26–6
26 August 2000 Kings Park, Durban 18–19
28 July 2001 Loftus Versfeld, Pretoria 20–15
18 August 2001 Subiaco Oval, Perth 14–14 draw
27 July 2002 Brisbane Cricket Ground, Brisbane 38–27
12 July 2003 Newlands, Cape Town 26–22
2 August 2003 Suncorp Stadium, Brisbane 29–9
21 August 2004 ABSA Stadium, Durban 23–19
9 July 2005 Telstra Stadium, Sydney 30–12
23 July 2005 Ellis Park, Johannesburg 33–20
20 August 2005 Subiaco Oval, Perth 19–22
15 July 2006 Suncorp Stadium, Brisbane 49–0
5 August 2006 Telstra Stadium, Sydney 20–18
9 September 2006 Ellis Park, Johannesburg 24–16
16 June 2007 Newlands, Cape Town 22–19
19 July 2008 Subiaco Oval, Perth 16–9
8 August 2009 Newlands, Cape Town 29–17
5 September 2009 Suncorp Stadium, Brisbane 21–6
24 July 2010 Suncorp Stadium, Brisbane 30–13
4 September 2010 Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein 39–41
23 July 2011 ANZ Stadium, Sydney 39–20
9 October 2011 Wellington Regional Stadium, Wellington, New Zealand 9–11
8 September 2012 Patersons Stadium, Perth 26–19
29 September 2012 Loftus Versfeld, Pretoria 31–8
7 September 2013 Suncorp Stadium, Brisbane 12–38
South Africa 2013 Rugby Championship
28 September 2013 Newlands, Cape Town 28–8
27 September 2014 Newlands, Cape Town 28–10
10 September 2016 Suncorp Stadium, Brisbane 23–17
1 October 2016 Loftus Versfeld, Pretoria 18–10
9 September 2017 nib Stadium, Perth 23–23 draw 2017 Rugby Championship
30 September 2017 Free State Stadium, Bloemfontein 27–27 draw
29 September 2018 Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium, Port Elizabeth 23–12
XV resultsEdit
Below is a list of matches that Australia has retrospectively awarded matches test match status by virtue of awarding caps, but South Africa did not award caps.
2 July 1921 University Oval, Sydney 9–28 South Africa Not classed as a full international by South Africa who fielded a South Africa XV.
27 June 1921 Royal Agricultural Showground, Sydney 11–16 South Africa Not classed as a full international by South Africa who fielded a South Africa XV.
Sports portal
Australia portal
South Africa portal
^ "ESPNscrum Team Records". espnscrum.com. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
^ Pick and Go rugby archive – select Wallabies and Boks.
^ National rugby unions
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_rugby_union_matches_between_Australia_and_South_Africa&oldid=924608107"


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I very much enjoy doing volunteer work. My preference is when something we do really impacts individual people in need.
Our own Jacque is once again running Operation Backpack this year at Escape, with a goal of providing 50 needy kids with backpacks filled with back to school necessities. I got things kicked off with donating four of them. I'm happy to work with so many caring people, thank you Jacque for your extra efforts. A lot of kids are going to have a happier time in school this fall due to your efforts.