Not only have petroleum prices and gold prices surged, but in their wake has been broad based strength in commodity prices.
Industrial metals have remained strong recently despite the weakening of U.S. industrial sector activity. Continued strength in activity in the rest of the world accounts for the increase in metals prices. The table below indicates that aluminum prices are 10% above their 2007 average and they are 46% above 2005. Stainless steel scrap is up 6% from 2007 and more than double the 2005 average price. Prices for copper scrap round out the story of price strength and are 21% higher than last year and they are they are up one and a half times since 2005.
Food prices show less broad based strength. Beef prices generally have moved sideways during the last few years. Milk prices have been volatile. Recently a sharp decline offset what previously was a huge milk price gain and left prices up by nearly one third from the 2005 average. Grain prices are another story with corn prices up strongly in part due to demand for ethanol. Corn prices have nearly tripled the 2005 average and wheat prices similarly have surged.
Strength in oil prices comes from several sources that have nearly doubled crude costs since 2005. 1) Growth in U.S. demand for oil remains firm. It only recently turned slightly negative y/y. 2) Demand from the rest of the world, notably China, is firm. 3) Supply is questionable with the War in Iraq ongoing.
Then there's the price of gold which has nearly doubled since 2005 and touched $1,000 per ounce mostly due to global unrest.
How does all this shake out? For a while the price strength caused slower than anticipated declines in U.S. interest rates. That has now changed as the Federal Reserve is reacting more to the weakening in economic activity. For U.S. inflation the price gains likely will add further upward pressure, especially since labor costs are rising as is economic liquidity. Will consumer price inflation, therefore, move much higher? A Consensus of economists says no. Weaker U.S. economic growth is expected to diffuse the price pressure and leave the GDP price index up just 2.2% this year and next, down from a 2.7% rise last year and 3.2% during the prior two years.
Current Events in the Economy and Financial Markets is last week's speech by Sandra Pianalto, President and CEO Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland and it can be found here.


El objetivo de este documento es ejemplificar casos de integración y complementariedad entre políticas públicas en materia de protección social y sostenibilidad ambiental.
(UNEP) in pursuance of Article 26 of this Protocol and the Resolution of the Conference of Plenipotentiaries on Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife in the Wider Caribbean Region (Kingston, 15-18 January 1990). The Conference met at the Jamaica Conference Centre, Kingston, on 10 and 11 June 1991 at the invitation of the Executive Director of UNEP.
This Action Plan represents an expression of goals and a programme agenda, adopted by participating Governments, that is consistent with a growing worldwide concern for the conservation and development of marine and coastal resources. The geo-graphic focus of the Plan is the Wider Caribbean Region.
Massive quantities of pelagic sargassum occurred throughout the Caribbean in 2011, impacting aquatic resources, fisheries, shorelines, waterways, and tourism. Similar events have occurred since then, with a particularly heavy influx of sargassum observed during 2015. This Fact Sheet seeks to share the state of knowledge about the sargassum influx and to promote the adoption of best management practices.
The purpose of this regional overview is to highlight problems and issues of regional concern in order that they will be considered in the preparation of a long-term strategy for the development of the Caribbean Environment Programme. In addition, the overview has endeavoured to reflect a consensual view of the relationships between environmental and development issues that confront the States and territories of the Wider Caribbean region.
The SPAW Protocol stresses the importance of protecting habitats as an effective method of protecting the listed species. Protection is focused on fragile and vulnerable ecosystems as a whole, rather than on individual species.


text:
package io.apiman.gateway.vertx.io;

/**
 * Given object is resettable, which implies it can be reused after {@link #reset()} has been invoked.
 *
 * @author Marc Savy <msavy@redhat.com>
 */
public interface IResettable {

    /**
     * Reset object
     */
    void reset();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Christian Plaziat (né le  à Lyon) est un athlète français spécialiste des épreuves combinées. Au décathlon, il est champion d'Europe en 1990 et ancien détenteur du record de France (de 1987 à 2016). À l'heptathlon, il est champion du monde en salle en 1995, champion d'Europe en salle en 1992 et 1994, et ancien détenteur du record du monde.

Carrière sportive

Christian Plaziat était licencié au PL Pierre-Bénite situé dans la banlieue lyonnaise.
Au niveau international, il remporte notamment la médaille d'or de l'heptathlon lors des Championnats du monde en salle de 1995 à Barcelone, mais surtout la médaille d'or du décathlon lors des Championnats d'Europe de 1990 à Split, où il améliore son propre record de France qu'il détiendra de 1987 jusqu'aux Jeux olympiques de 2016 et les 8834 points de Kévin Mayer.

Palmarès

International

Autres
 Décastar : vainqueur en 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991 (Athlète le plus titré de l'épreuve) et deuxième en 1987 et 1993
 Meeting de Götzis : vainqueur en 1989
 Coupe d'Europe des épreuves combinées individuelles en 1989, 1991 et 1994 ( en 1993)
 Coupe d'Europe des épreuves combinées par équipes en 1993 et 1994
 Coupe du monde de pentathlon en salle par couple en 1987

National
  Champion de France de décathlon en 1984, 1987, 1988 et 1989 ( en 1986)
  Champion de France d'heptathlon en salle en 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1995 et 1997
 Trophée B.N.P Pentathlon en 1987
  Champion de France juniors de saut en hauteur en 1981
  Champion de France cadets de saut en hauteur en 1980

Records

Records personnels

Records battus
Record du monde de l'heptathlon
 Recordman du monde d'octathlon en salle en 1989, avec 7 084 pts (ex-)
 Recordman d'Europe d'heptathlon en salle en 1992, avec 6 418 pts (ex-)
 Ancien recordman de France de décathlon le 29 aout 1990, avec 8 574 pts (qu'il battit auparavant en 1987, 1988 à 2 reprises, et 1 autre fois en 1990)

Reconversion
Il a été président du club d'athlétisme de Besançon, et a fondé sa société Christian Plaziat Coaching en 2004.
En 2012, il devient directeur opérationnel d'un château hôtel restaurant 4 étoiles en Haute Savoie. Il est également conseiller municipal de Sillingy depuis 2014.

Références

Liens externes

Décathlonien français
Naissance en octobre 1963
Naissance à Lyon
Champion du monde d'athlétisme en salle
Champion d'Europe d'athlétisme
Champion d'Europe d'athlétisme en salle
Athlète (homme) aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1988
Athlète (homme) aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1992
Athlète (homme) aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1996

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
War and Peace: 1796—1815 () — компьютерная глобальная стратегия в реальном времени, созданная французской компанией Microïds и вышедшая в 2002 году. В Северной Америке она была выпущена 29 августа 2002, в Европе — 21 ноября 2002. В России поступила в продажу 24 октября 2003 года в переводе 1С. Игра посвящена Наполеоновским войнам: игроку предстоит возглавить одну из шести Великих держав — Францию, Англию, Пруссию, Австрию, Россию или Османскую империю и сокрушить своих противников, захватывая города. Любой сценарий в любой миссии сводится к захвату хотя бы одного города (условия определяет игрок).

Игровой процесс

Условия миссий
Игрок может выступать как глава одного из шести крупных государств: Франция (синий цвет), Англия (красный), Пруссия (чёрный), Австрия (белый), Россия (зелёный) и Османская империя (жёлтый). В мире есть также множество малых государств (оранжевый), но за них играть нельзя. По умолчанию все малые государства враждебны шести большим державам. Конечная цель игры сводится к захвату ряда городов. Есть три типа игры:
 Завоевание мира: захватить определённое количество городов (число устанавливает игрок).
 Имперская война: уничтожить полностью любое государство, не оставив ни одного города в его владении.
 Захват столицы: захватить вражескую столицу, чтобы государство мгновенно было аннексировано.

Номинальные владения государств и расстановка войск зависят от сценария. Есть восемь исторических кампаний по числу антифранцузских коалиций, в каждой из них можно сыграть за одно из шести государств: каждая из исторических кампаний посвящена войнам антифранцузской коалиции. Также есть две вымышленные кампании: «Империя или ничего» (у каждой страны только один город в виде столицы и небольшая армия) и «Гроза над миром» (альтернативная история, в которой Французская революция была уничтожена в зародыше; войск на начало игры у больших держав нет). Перед началом каждой миссии предлагается исторический брифинг, который описывает текущую политическую и военную ситуацию для выбранной игроком страны.

Интерфейс
Игрок управляет своей страной в реальном времени на глобальной карте, на которой расположено 183 города. Новые города нельзя строить, но можно захватывать уже существующие. В каждом городе можно строить здания, приносящие ту или иную пользу: от зданий, приносящих ресурсы, до зданий для производства войск. Города делятся на маленькие (квадратной формы, два здания), средние (небольшой восьмиугольник, три здания) и крупные (большой восьмиугольник, пять зданий). Город может быть передан другой стране путём дипломатической сделки, вооружённого захвата или поднятого шпионом мятежа. При нападении город будет отстреливаться из крепостных орудий: если все его укрепления рухнут, то он перейдёт к противнику.

У каждой страны есть столица: если игрок потеряет столицу, он проиграет мгновенно. Также он потерпит поражение, если число его городов сократится до определённого предела. В случае, если большая держава утратит все свои города или потеряет в некоторых условиях столицу, она будет исключена из списка игроков и больше не восстановится, а все её существующие войска будут мгновенно уничтожены.

Экономика
В игре есть три ресурса: золото, люди и баллы науки. Золото можно получать, строя мануфактуры в городах. Людские ресурсы прирастают благодаря фермам, а баллы науки образуются в университетах. В каждом городе для строительства есть выбор из 10 зданий, в прибрежных городах — из 12 зданий:
 Казарма — для создания сухопутных войск.
 Учебный лагерь — для создания военачальников, повышающих параметры солдат.
 Ферма — для производства людских ресурсов.
 Триумфальная арка — исключает возможность захвата города путём мятежа.
 Верфь — для строительства и ремонта кораблей (доступна только в портах).
 Маяк — для строительства каперских кораблей и их обнаружения (доступен только в портах).
 Мануфактура — приносит золото.
 Торговый дом — приносит золото, если есть хотя бы один союзник.
 Караульная — для создания партизанских частей и шпионов, а также их обнаружения.
 Госпиталь — для лечения сухопутных войск.
 Университет — для выработки баллов науки и проведения научных исследований.
 Форт — для повышения защиты города. Если форт уже построен, то можно возвести Крепость. Огневая мощь и стойкость городских стен возрастут.

Баллы науки можно потратить на научные исследования в университете: можно провести военное или гражданское исследование, которое улучшит показатели войск (например, усилит огневую мощь или повысит здоровье) или национальной экономики (повысить доходы от мануфактур или ускорить производство войск).

Войска
Войска делятся на сухопутные и морские. К сухопутным относятся пехота, кавалерия и артиллерия (нанимаются в казармах), а также командующие (нанимаются в учебных лагерях), партизаны и шпионы (нанимаются в караульной). К морским относятся корабли-флагманы (нанимаются в учебных лагерях в портовых городах), фрегаты, транспортные корабли, линейные корабли (строятся на верфях) и каперские корабли (строятся на маяках). Сухопутные корабли могут быть доставлены по морю для захвата вражеских городов и разгрома вражеских войск.

За уничтожения вражеских войск или за захваты городов войска могут повышаться в звании, что, впрочем, не влияет на их боевые способности. У страны могут быть одновременно не более 60 боевых единиц (сухопутных и морских).

Сухопутные
Пехота может вести как ружейный огонь, так и сражаться в штыковую (это её особая атака). Она может строиться в четыре вида строя: колонну (эффективна при перемещении), линию (для стрельбы по сухопутным частям или по городским стенам), каре (для борьбы против кавалерии) или рассредоточенный строй (для защиты от артиллерийского огня). Также её можно посадить на корабль, чтобы доставить по морю и высадить.
 Лёгкая пехота отличается невысоким уровнем жизни, но большой подвижностью и дальностью стрельбы. В каждом отряде по 20 человек. Лёгкая пехота Англии — егеря — обладают чуть более высокой огневой мощью по сравнению с другими. Лёгкая пехота Австрии — ландверы — дешевле всего по цене и строятся быстрее всех.
 Фузилёры обладают чуть более высоким уровнем жизни и огневой мощью. Самый сбалансированный вид пехоты. В каждом отряде по 14 человек. Одинаковы у всех стран.
 Гвардейцы обладают невысокой дальность стрельбы, но очень живучи и наносят большой урон в дальнем и ближнем бою. Эффективны против кавалерии. В каждом отряде по 8 человек. Гвардейцы Франции — старая гвардия — обладают самой высокой штыковой атакой по сравнению с другими. Гвардейцы Османской империи — янычары — являются одними из самых дешёвых по сравнению с другими гвардейцами.

Кавалерия может атаковать только в ближнем бою. Её особой атакой является «лавинное нападение»: солдаты строятся клином и затем несутся на врага, сметая всё на своём пути. После такой лавины им нужно будет некоторое время отдохнуть, чтобы снова получить шанс атаковать.
 Гусары обладают высокой скоростью, но невысоким уровнем атаки и жизни. В каждом отряде по 6 человек. Гусары России являются самыми быстрыми в игре.
 Драгуны обладают средней скоростью, уровнем атаки и жизни. Самый сбалансированный вид кавалерии. В каждом отряде по 8 человек. Одинаковы у всех стран.
 Кирасиры обладают низкой скоростью, но большим уровнем атаки и жизни. В каждом отряде по 10 человек. Кирасиры Пруссии — уланы — обладают самой разрушительной атакой в ближнем бою и самой разрушительной лавинной атакой.

Артиллерия может передвигаться только в колонне, а стрелять только в линии. Она обязательна для нападений на города и разрушений их укреплений, а также для атаки по движущимся войскам. Особой атакой является заградительный огонь: огонь по конкретной цели. Артиллерия одинакова у всех
 Конная артиллерия обладает самым высоким темпом огня и скоростью передвижения. Эффективна против пехоты.
 Полевая артиллерия обладает самой высокой дальностью стрельбы. Универсальная артиллерия.
 Осадная артиллерия обладает самой высокой огневой мощью, но при этом минимальной дальностью стрельбы и скоростью передвижения. Эффективна при обстреле кораблей и осаде городов.

Также есть особые сухопутные войска.
 Командующие обладают минимальной живучестью и огневой мощью (могут стрелять только из пистолета с невысоким темпом), но большим радиусом стрельбы и обзора. Все войска, попавшие в зону действия командующего, получают усиленные боевые характеристики.
 Партизаны обладают невысокой огневой мощью, но очень сильной штыковой атакой. Они невидимы, пока их не обнаружат или пока они не атакуют противника. Также они могут пересекать территорию любого государства: враждебного, дружественного и нейтрального.
 Шпионы не могут атаковать никого, но могут следить за союзными, нейтральными и вражескими войсками. Они невидимы, пока их не обнаружат или пока они не атакуют противника. В их возможности за некую сумму денег поднять в городе бунт и заставить его перейти под контроль игрока. Шпионы бесполезны, если в городе есть триумфальная арка или если они пытаются работать в столице.

Морские
Корабли строятся на верфях и маяках, но ремонтируются только на верфях. Если учебный лагерь находится в городе, то он может выпускать флагманов.
 Фрегаты являются самыми подвижными кораблями, но обладают невысокой огневой мощью и силой выстрела. Перевозят до 2 боевых единиц.
 Транспортные корабли являются одними из самых живучих. Перевозят до 10 боевых единиц.
 Линейные корабли обладают самой большой огневой мощью, но движутся очень медленно. Перевозят до 2 боевых единиц.
 Флагманы приносят ту же пользу на море, что и командующие сухопутных войск, но при этом обладают огромной живучестью и огневой мощью. Строятся в учебных лагерях. Перевозят до 4 боевых единиц.
 Каперы невидимы до тех пор, пока не атакуют противника. Они могут обнаруживать вражеских каперов и шпионить за чужими войсками. Строятся на маяках. Не перевозят боевые единицы.

Дипломатия
Каждой из великих держав доступна возможность ведения дипломатических переговоров с одной из пяти других крупных держав. В особом меню игрок может переключиться с карты игрового мира на политическую карту, чтобы узнать о границах других стран и их войсках. Игрок может:
 объявить войну или заключить мир, предложив в последнем случае какие-то уступки стране-противнику,
 предложить заключить союз стране в обмен на уступки,
 предложить обмен ресурсов (золото, люди, баллы науки и даже города) либо же безвозмездно предоставить,
 путём шантажа что-то потребовать (отношения со страной ухудшатся).

Чем хуже отношения, тем ниже шансы на успешное проведение сделки. Некоторое время после заключения союза или перемирия игрок не может объявлять войну новоиспечённому союзнику или бывшему врагу. Зачастую игроку тоже приходят сообщения о предложениях и угрозах. По ходу игры могут возникать угрожающие сообщения от других стран, высказывающих своё недовольство в отношении игрока.

О сторонах конфликта
Каждая из сторон имеет свои плюсы и минусы.
 Франция обладает хорошо обученной тяжёлой пехотой и небольшим преимуществом в производстве золота.
 Англия обладает большим преимуществом в производстве золота, но недостатком в производстве людских ресурсов. Её войска немного превосходят по огневой мощи всех врагов, а флот имеет серьёзное преимущество.
 Пруссия имеет проблемы в строительстве, поскольку цены на каждое здание выше по сравнению с другими странами, но обладает мощным преимуществом в огневой мощи артиллерии и атаке кавалерии.
 Австрия имеет небольшое преимущество в производстве лёгкой пехоты и стойкости.
 Россия обладает огромным преимуществом в производстве людских ресурсов, а также повышенной стойкостью солдат и городов.
 Османская империя обладает колоссальным преимуществом в стоимости производства войск, но они гораздо слабее аналогов и производятся дольше.

Нейтральные государства не имеют преимуществ, но при захвате некоторых городов с игроком происходят случайные события, по которым он получает дополнительные ресурсы или войска, а также повышает свои доходы. Также в случае захвата столицы (или её освобождения) поступают сообщения о том, что происходит со страной в этом случае (описываются последствия грабежа или сдачи города, а также снижение доходов).

Примечания

Ссылки

Компьютерные игры 2002 года
Война и мир
Стратегии в реальном времени
Глобальные стратегии
Компьютерные игры, локализованные 1С
Компьютерные игры, разработанные Microids


text:
Early Edition: August 17, 2020 Curated summary of up-to-the-minute national security developments at home and abroad.
by Siven Watt
Daily News Roundup, Featured-old
Signup to receive the Early Edition in your inbox here.
Before the start of business, Just Security provides a curated summary of up-to-the-minute developments at home and abroad. Here's today's news.
US DEVELOPMENTS
President Trump's top Department of Homeland Security (DHS) appointments were improper, the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) has reported. The government watchdog reported in a 12-page document that the appointments of acting secretary of homeland security, Chad Wolf, and acting deputy secretary of homeland security, Ken Cuccinelli, did not abide by processes set out in federal law. The issue has been referred to the department's own inspector general for examination. Reuters reporting.
Secretary of State Mike Pompeo signed Saturday a defense pact with Poland that will see an increase in troops deployed to the area, an announcement that comes not long after troops begin to be pulled from Germany. The agreement will see an additional 1,000 troops in the area, totaling at least 5,500, although Polish defense minister Mariusz Blaszczak said the number could quickly rise to 20,000 if required. BBC reporting.
Trump will "take a very good look at" pardoning Edward Snowden, the former National Security Agency (NSA) contractor who was charged with espionage after releasing classified documents related to US surveillance programs, the president confirmed while speaking at a news conference Saturday.Snowden sought asylum in Russia in 2013 and has not returned to the United States since. Aishvarya Kavi reports for the New York Times.
Trump said Saturday that he "considers firing everybody" when asked if he was considering firing Secretary of Defense Mark Esper, after rumours surfaced last week that Trump and Esper were at serious loggerheads on key issues. J. Edward Moreno reports for The Hill.
Trump is seeking to meet with Russian President Vladimir Putin ahead of the November election, those familiar with the situation have said. Administration officials are considering dates, times and locations, with the meeting expected to focus on extending the New START nuclear arms control treaty between the United States and Russia, which will expire next year. Carol E. Lee and Courtney Kube report for NBC News.
US ELECTIONS AND US POSTAL SERVICE
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-NY) and House Democrats will reconvene the House this week to address President Trump's attempts to undermine the US Postal Service (USPS) and change it operational practices, Pelosi announced last night. The House intends to vote this Saturday on the Delivering for America Act, brought forward by House Oversight and Reform Committee Chair Carolyn Maloney (D-NY), which intends to block Trump's plans on changes to USPS. "The president has explicitly stated his intention to manipulate the Postal Service to deny eligible voters access to the ballot in pursuit of his own re-election," Democratic lawmakers said in a statement yesterday, adding that Postmaster General Louis DeJoy is "an accomplice in the president's campaign to cheat in the election." John Bresnahan, Sarah Ferris and Heather Caygle report for POLITICO.
USPS inspector general (IG) is investigating service disruptions and concerns raised by lawmakers, a spokesperson for Senator Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) confirmed Friday, stating that the IG has already requested documents as part of its review. A spokesperson for USPS IG Tammy Whitcomb said the office is "in receipt of the congressional request and are conducting a body of work to address concerns raised," but declined to provide further detail. Reuters reporting.
Attorneys general from at least 6 states are coming together to potentially take legal action against the Trump administration and its changes to USPS operational policies, those familiar with internal conversations have confirmed. The states include: Virginia, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, Massachusetts, Washington and North Carolina. Virginia Attorney General Mark R. Herring (D) said: "This is not just terrible policy, but it may be illegal under federal law and other state laws as well," adding that a lot is being done to try and figure out "what Trump and DeJoy are doing, whether they have already violated or are likely to violate any laws and how we can take swift action to try to stop this assault on our democracy." Amy Gardner and Seung Min Kim report for the Washington Post.
USPS has warned there is a "significant risk" of late mail-in votes in some states, including Michigan, Pennsylvania, California, Missouri and Washington. Numerous states have received letters from the Postal Service in recent days that makes clear that the country will not be able to fulfil its hopes of mail-in voting in time. The letter, sent by USPS's general counsel Thomas Marshall, said that states' election "deadlines for requesting and casting mail-in ballots are incongruous with the Postal Service's delivery standards. This mismatch creates a risk that ballots requested near the deadline under state law will not be returned by mail in times to be counted under your laws as we understand them." Phil McCausland, Geoff Benner and Kevin Collier report for NBC News.
TRUMP-RUSSIA INVESTIGATIONS
Leaders of the Senate Intelligence Committee informed prosecutors last year that President Trump's family and associate may have mislead congressional panel investigations into Russian interference, including the president's son, Donald Trump Jr and White House adviser Jared Kusher, whose statements contradicted the testimony of former deputy campaign chair Rick Gates. The committee also accused Trump's former chief strategist Stephen Bannon, former campaign co-chair Sam Clovis and private security contractor Erik Prince of lying to Congress, which could result in felony charges. Karoun Demirjian, Ellen Nakashima and Matt Zapotosky report for the Washington Post.
Former FBI Lawyer Kevin Clinesmith will plead guilty to altering an email used as part of probe into Russian interference in 2016 election, Clinesmith's lawyers confirmed. Clinesmith is excepted to admit to changing an email from the CIA that was used in a 2017 court application to wiretap Trump's campaign adviser, Carter Page. BBC reporting.
Andrew Weismann, top prosecutor who served on former special counsel Robert Mueller's probe into Russian interference, has criticized the Justice Department's decision to start a criminal case against Clinesmith. Marty Johnson reports for The Hill.
IRAN ARMS EMBARGO
The UN Security Council rejected Friday President Trump's plans to extend an arms embargo on Iran, a defeat that was excepted due to Russia and China's vetoing power and opposition to the measure, although neither had to exercise its veto power. The Security Council said Friday that the proposal did not receive the requisite nine "yes" votes, with 11 abstentions, two voting yes and two voting no. AP reporting.
Trump pledges "snapback" on UN sanctions against Iran, vowing to use a 2015 nuclear deal, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), between Iran and world powers to unilaterally push through sanctions on Tehran, despite the United States withdrawing from the accord in 2018. The Guardian reporting.
Russian President Vladimir Putin Friday called for an "urgent" summit with the US, Britain, France, China, Germany and Iran to avoid "confrontation and escalation" within the Security Council. Al Jazeera reporting.
The US cannot trigger a "snapback" to force through UN sanctions against Iran, the European Union's foreign policy chief argued over the weekend. "Given that the U.S. unilaterally withdrew from the JCPOA in May 2018 and has not participated in any JCPOA structures or activities subsequently, the U.S. cannot be considered as a JCPOA participant," a spokesperson for the foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said. Al Jazeera reporting.
PROTESTS AND RACIAL INJUSTICE REFORM
Right-wing protesters clashed with racial justice protestors in several US states Saturday, including Georgia, Michigan and Oregon. In Portland, far-right groups gathered, waving American flags, which sparked violent clashes and a firm response from police officers. Katie Shepherd and Holly Bailey report for the Washington Post.
Violent protests erupt in Chicago this weekend, leaving 17 officers injured and over 20 arrested. "Multiple agitators hijacked this peaceful protest," Chicago Police Superintendent David Brown said late Saturday, adding: "This group deployed large black umbrellas, changed their appearance and began pushing and eventually assaulting officers." Deanna Paul reports for the Wall Street Journal.
The novel coronavirus has infected over 5.4 million and killed over 170,000 people in the United States, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University. Globally, there is more than 21.7 million confirmed coronavirus cases and almost 776,000 deaths. Sergio Hernandez, Sean O'Key, Amanda Watts, Byron Manley and Henrik Pettersson report for CNN.
A map and analysis of all confirmed cases of the virus in the US is available at the New York Times.
US and worldwide maps tracking the spread of the pandemic are available at the Washington Post.
A state-by-state guide to lockdown measures and reopenings is provided by the New York Times.
Latest updates on the pandemic at The Guardian.
ISRAEL-UAE ACCORD
A direct telephone service between Israel and the UAE has been launched after the two countries reached a historic accord last week that will hopefully see a normalizing of relations. Both countries' foreign ministers called each other over the weekend and "exchanged greetings following the historic peace accord," an official statement said. BBC reporting.
Iranian Major General Mohammad Bagheri said yesterday that Iran's approach to the UAE "will change" as a result of newly formed diplomatic relations, further adding that if Iran's "national security is damaged, however small, we will hold the UAE responsible for that and we will not tolerate it." Reuters reporting.
Iranian President Hassan Rouhani said Saturday that the UAE has made a "huge mistake" in its new peaceful relationship with Israel. Reuters reporting.
The UAE foreign ministry has rebuked Rouhani's comments as "unacceptable and inflammatory" and would have "serious implications for security and stability in the Gulf region." Al Jazeera reporting.
Bahrain and Oman could follow the UAE's lead and formalize ties with Israel, Israel's intelligence minister, Eli Cohen, told a state radio station. "In the wake of this agreement will come additional agreements, both with more Gulf countries and with Muslim countries in Africa," Cohen said, adding that: "Bahrain and Oman are definitely on the agenda. In addition, in my assessment, there is a chance that already in the coming year there will be a peace deal with additional countries in Africa, chief among them, Sudan." Reuters reporting.
BELARUS ELECTIONS AND PROTESTS
Around 200,000 protestors swarmed the streets of Belarus yesterday in the country's largest demonstration in response to the widely-disputed re-election of President Alexander Lukashenko. Many protestors wore red and white, the colors of the opposition party, whilst marching through the country's capital Minsk, chanting "step down." Reuters reporting.
Russia will offer military help to Belarus to "ensure the security" of the country, Lukashenko revealed Saturday, just hours after he finished a phone call with Russian President Vladimir Putin, the first direct conversation the two leaders have had since Lukashenko claimed a huge victory in the recent election. Lukashenko further added that Russia is ready to provide "full assistance" at "first request." Isabelle Khurshudyan reports for the Washington Post.
President Trump's administration is planning new sanctions against Syria, a U.S. official confirmed, stating that the planned extension of measures will add financial-support networks to a U.S. blacklist for assisting in the war in Syria. Ian Talley and Benoit Faucon report for the Wall Street Journal.
US and South Kora are to begin scaled-back military drills amid Covid-19 spike, Seoul's Joint chiefs of Staff confirmed yesterday. The drills are set to take place from tomorrow until Aug. 28, and will primarily involve computer simulation drills. Zack Budryk reports for The Hill.
Siven Watt
Associate News Editor at Just Security and Legal Fellow at JUSTICE, a law reform and human rights organization based in the UK. Follow him on Twitter (@SivenWatt)
Early Edition: January 14, 2022
by Florence Powell
Early Edition: January 7, 2022
Early Edition: December 23, 2021

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Adriano Bosoni
Oct 31, 2014 | 16:42 GMT
As Stratfor's Senior Europe Analyst, Adriano Bosoni focuses on political, economic and social issues pertaining to the European continent. His areas of expertise include politics, economics and social trends in Europe, EU institutions and policies, risk analysis, demographics and migratory movements, nationalism and populism.
Mr. Bosoni holds a journalism degree from USAL (Argentina) as well as a master's degree in International Relations from the University of Bologna (Italy). He is also a former Fulbright scholar and has taken several courses on international affairs and globalization on American and European universities.
Mr. Bosoni is frequently featured in and cited by numerous newspapers and broadcasts from around the world. He has lived and worked in several countries in Europe and the Americas.
You can follow him on Twitter: @AdrianoBosoni
Subscribe to Intelligence Over News
Independent Strategic Forecasting & Analysis | Objective Geopolitical Insights


text:
È stato per cinque volte nominato all'Oscar come miglior attore, vincendolo in due occasioni. Interprete camaleontico, è famoso per le partecipazioni a celebri film tra i quali Carlito's Way, Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte, La sottile linea rossa, Mystic River (premio Oscar al miglior attore protagonista nel 2004), 21 grammi e Milk (premio Oscar al miglior attore protagonista nel 2009) e per la regia, produzione e sceneggiatura del pluripremiato Into the Wild - Nelle terre selvagge.

Ha vinto i principali premi di interpretazione nei più prestigiosi festival; l'Orso d'argento al migliore attore al Festival di Berlino per Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte, il Prix d'interprétation masculine al Festival di Cannes per She's So Lovely - Così carina e 2 volte la Coppa Volpi per la migliore interpretazione maschile alla Mostra internazionale d'arte cinematografica di Venezia per Bugie, baci, bambole & bastardi e 21 grammi.

Biografia

Nasce nella contea di Los Angeles, California, dal regista e attore Leo Penn e dall'attrice Eileen Ryan. I nonni paterni erano ebrei immigrati dalla Russia e dalla Lituania. Ha origini spagnole da parte del padre, infatti il vero cognome del nonno paterno era Piñón. La madre Eileen invece è cattolica, di origini italo-irlandesi. Ha due fratelli: Michael (1958, musicista) e Chris (1965-2006, attore, morto di cardiomiopatia). Penn frequentò la Santa Monica High School, e cominciò a girare i suoi primi cortometraggi con alcuni dei suoi amici d'infanzia, tra cui i fratelli Emilio Estevez e Charlie Sheen, che vivevano nei pressi della sua casa.

Carriera
Il suo esordio come attore avviene nel 1974 in un episodio della serie La casa nella prateria, mentre il suo debutto cinematografico risale al 1981 con Taps - Squilli di rivolta; in seguito si specializza nel ruolo del giovane violento e ribelle, prima in Bad Boys (1983), crudo melodramma ambientato in un riformatorio, poi ne Il gioco del falco (1985) di J. Schlesinger accanto a Timothy Hutton e successivamente in A distanza ravvicinata (1986), storia vera di un ragazzo succube di un padre delinquente.

Dopo alcune prove nelle commedie Shanghai Surprise (1986) e Non siamo angeli (1989), dove recita rispettivamente con la sua ex moglie Madonna e il suo amico Robert De Niro; interpreta poi un avvocato cinico e corrotto nel gangster-movie Carlito's Way (1993) di Brian De Palma accanto ad Al Pacino.

Nel 1991 debutta nella regia con Lupo solitario, affresco disperato della provincia americana, a cui segue 5 anni dopo 3 giorni per la verità (1996), storia di un padre che si vendica dell'assassino del figlio. Nel 1996 è il protagonista del discusso Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte di Tim Robbins, grazie al quale ottiene l'Orso d'argento per il miglior attore al Festival di Berlino e la sua prima nomination come miglior attore protagonista agli Oscar; nel 1997 interpreta, con l'allora moglie Robin Wright e John Travolta She's So Lovely - Così carina di Nick Cassavetes, con cui si aggiudica il premio per la miglior interpretazione maschile al Festival di Cannes) ; seguono poi U Turn - Inversione di marcia e The Game - Nessuna regola.

Premiato come miglior attore pure nel 1998, stavolta al Festival di Venezia per Bugie, baci, bambole & bastardi, nello stesso anno è tra i protagonisti del corale La sottile linea rossa di Terrence Malick; Woody Allen lo vuole poi come interprete del chitarrista geniale e squinternato di Accordi e disaccordi, con cui concorre agli Oscar per la seconda volta; considerevole anche la sua partecipazione a Il mistero dell'acqua di Kathryn Bigelow. Nel 2001 ottiene la terza nomination agli Academy Award come miglior attore per la sua interpretazione di un padre disabile in Mi chiamo Sam di Jessie Nelson.

Alternata la recitazione con la regia (La promessa, più un episodio in 11 settembre 2001), nel 2003 vince di nuovo la Coppa Volpi a Venezia e l'anno successivo si aggiudica l'Oscar come miglior attore protagonista e il Golden Globe con una grande interpretazione in Mystic River, di Clint Eastwood, dove ha il ruolo di un padre di famiglia con un passato criminale, la cui vita viene sconvolta dall'assassinio della figlia. Nel 2004 interpreta il ruolo del protagonista in The Assassination, la storia vera del tentativo sventato di Samuel Byck, un modesto negoziante di Cincinnati, di far schiantare un piccolo aereo sulla Casa Bianca allo scopo di uccidere il presidente Nixon. L'anno successivo recita con Nicole Kidman in The Interpreter, girato nel Palazzo di Vetro dell'ONU messo a disposizione da Kofi Annan.

Nel 2007 torna dietro la macchina da presa per dirigere l'intensa storia di Christopher McCandless in Into the Wild - Nelle terre selvagge, il film di maggior successo del regista. Penn ha dovuto attendere oltre dieci anni per ottenere i diritti dall'autore del libro, da cui è tratto il film, Jon Krakauer, e poter realizzare questo film. Nel maggio del 2008 è presidente della giuria del Festival di Cannes. Il 22 febbraio 2009 vince il suo secondo Oscar per la performance nel film Milk, dove interpretata Harvey Milk, paladino dei diritti gay assassinato nel 1978. Entra così a far parte della ristretta cerchia (Spencer Tracy, Gary Cooper, Fredric March, Marlon Brando, Dustin Hoffman, Jack Nicholson, Tom Hanks, Daniel Day-Lewis e Anthony Hopkins) degli attori che hanno ottenuto due Oscar per il miglior attore protagonista. Tornò poi a lavorare con Terrence Malick in The Tree of Life nel 2011: successivamente, nello stesso anno, Paolo Sorrentino lo sceglie come protagonista (una rockstar in rovina) in This Must Be the Place. Nel 2013 è stato Mickey Cohen nel gangster movie Gangster Squad. Negli anni a venire, ha recitato in film di scarso successo, come The Gunman e Il professore e il pazzo, ed è stato anche regista de Il tuo ultimo sguardo, con l'allora compagna Charlize Theron e Javier Bardem, e Una vita in fuga, in cui dirige se stesso e la figlia Dylan che non convincono né pubblico né critica, mentre nel 2021 Paul Thomas Anderson gli offrì una parte nel suo acclamato Licorice Pizza.

Vita privata

Negli anni ottanta è brevemente fidanzato con le attrici Pamela Springsteen (conosciuta sul set di Fuori di testa), Elizabeth McGovern (conosciuta sul set di In gara con la luna) e Susan Sarandon.

Nell'agosto del 1985, la vita personale di Penn comincia ad attirare l'attenzione dei media dopo il suo primo matrimonio con la cantante Madonna a Malibù. I due recitano insieme in Shanghai Surprise, e Madonna gli dedica il suo terzo album intitolato True Blue, dove definisce l'attore californiano come "il ragazzo più cool dell'universo". La relazione è segnata anche da violente reazioni contro la stampa, tra cui un incidente nel quale Penn viene arrestato per aver aggredito un fotografo su un set cinematografico. Per quest'episodio, l'attore è condannato a 60 giorni di carcere a metà del 1987, scontandone 33. Più tardi Penn viene anche accusato di violenza domestica. Nel gennaio 1989 i due firmano le carte per il divorzio.

Dopo 7 anni di fidanzamento, nel 1996 sposa l'attrice Robin Wright, da cui aveva avuto due figli: Dylan Penn (1991) e Hopper Jack (1993). Alla fine del 2007, la coppia annuncia la separazione. Penn e la moglie si riconciliano brevemente un paio di volte, per poi annunciare il divorzio definitivo nel 2010.

Nel 2011 ha una relazione di cinque mesi con l'attrice Scarlett Johansson. Tra il 2014 e il 2015 è sentimentalmente legato all'attrice Charlize Theron. Nel 2016 si lega a Leila George, figlia degli attori Greta Scacchi e Vincent D'Onofrio, che poi sposa il 30 luglio 2020. La coppia divorzia il 15 ottobre 2021.

Fan di Charles Bukowski, Lloyd Cole, cantautore britannico, gli ha dedicato la canzone Sean Penn Blues, contenuta nell'album Mainstream del 1987.

Attivismo
Sean Penn è sostenitore dei diritti gay e favorevole al matrimonio tra persone dello stesso sesso, infatti è protagonista nel 2008 del film Milk per cui vince l'Oscar. Durante il discorso d'accettazione del premio dichiara:

In risposta a chi manifestava contro le unioni omosessuali e indirizzava insulti all'attore Heath Ledger (per il suo ruolo nel film I segreti di Brokeback Mountain) al di fuori del Kodak Theatre, in cui si svolge la cerimonia degli Oscar, dice:

Sul fronte della politica estera, Penn è contrario alla guerra in Iraq e ha anche prodotto un film-documentario al riguardo intitolato War made Easy. Dal 2003 non ha mai nascosto il suo disaccordo per le scelte dell'allora Presidente George W. Bush e il suo supporto per il Presidente Barack Obama. Ha inoltre sostenuto la politica del presidente del Venezuela Hugo Chávez, marxista terzomondista. Nel marzo 2010, l'attore ha dichiarato che i giornalisti che lo diffamano chiamandolo dittatore meriterebbero di essere arrestati.

Alla morte di Chávez nel 2013, Penn lo ha così commemorato:

Sean Penn inoltre fa parte dell'Advisory Board dell'organizzazione per la protezione della vita marina Sea Shepherd.

Dopo l'attacco russo nei confronti dell'Ucraina, nel febbraio 2022 si reca a Kiev con il fine di girare un documentario che testimoni gli effetti devastanti dell'invasione, ricevendo i ringraziamenti del presidente ucraino Volodymyr Zelens'kyj. L'attore, che era già stato in Ucraina nel novembre del 2021, raggiunge la zona di guerra della capitale dopo essere arrivato nel paese prima della chiusura dello spazio aereo, e partecipa nella giornata del 24 febbraio ad una conferenza con la vice primo ministro Iryna Vereshchuk, come testimoniato dalle foto ufficiali. La conferma della presenza di Penn in Ucraina è arrivata anche dalla casa produttrice del film-documentario.

Controversie
 Durante la presentazione di Penn agli Oscar del 2015 per il miglior film, l'attore californiano disse: "Chi ha dato a questo figlio di puttana la green card?" prima di presentare Alejandro González Iñárritu per Birdman. La frase venne ritenuta da alcune persone profondamente razzista nei confronti dei latino-americani in primis, e offensivo anche per tutti coloro che tentano di emigrare legalmente negli Stati Uniti. Tuttavia Iñarritu affermò che si trattava solamente di uno scherzo tra lui e Penn, che avevano già lavorato insieme in 21 grammi, e definì la battuta dell'amico "esilarante". Lo stesso Penn affermò di non voler assolutamente chiedere scusa a nessuno, definendo stupidi coloro che non hanno colto l'ironia del commento.
 Nel gennaio 2016 Sean Penn è stato al centro di una polemica per aver intervistato, dopo aver ottenuto un incontro segreto con la mediazione dell'attrice Kate del Castillo, il latitante narcotrafficante messicano Joaquín Guzmán detto "El Chapo", poco prima della sua ricattura.

Filmografia

Attore

Cinema
 Taps - Squilli di rivolta (Taps), regia di Harold Becker (1981)
 Fuori di testa (Fast Times at Ridgemont High), regia di Amy Heckerling (1982)
 Bad Boys, regia di Rick Rosenthal (1983)
 Summerspell, regia di Lina Shanklin (1983)
 Risky Business - Fuori i vecchi... i figli ballano, regia di Paul Brickman (1983) - cameo
 Crackers, regia di Louis Malle (1984)
 In gara con la luna (Racing with the Moon), regia di Richard Benjamin (1984)
 Il gioco del falco (The Falcon and the Snowman), regia di John Schlesinger (1985)
 A distanza ravvicinata (At Close Range), regia di James Foley	(1986)
 Shanghai Surprise, regia di Jim Goddard (1986)
 Colors - Colori di guerra (Colors), regia di Dennis Hopper (1988)
 Berlino - Opzione zero (Judgment in Berlin), regia di Leo Penn (1988)
 Vittime di guerra (Casualties of War), regia di Brian De Palma (1989)
 Non siamo angeli (We're No Angels), regia di Neil Jordan (1989)
 Cool Blue, regia di Mark Mullin e Richard Shepard (1990)
 Stato di grazia (State of Grace), regia di Phil Joanou (1990)
 Carlito's Way, regia di Brian De Palma (1993)
 Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte (Dead Man Walking), regia di Tim Robbins (1995)
 Prove d'accusa (Loved), regia di Erin Dignam (1997)
 She's So Lovely - Così carina (She's So Lovely), regia di Nick Cassavetes (1997)
 U Turn - Inversione di marcia (U Turn), regia di Oliver Stone (1997)
 The Game - Nessuna regola (The Game), regia di David Fincher (1997)
 Piscine - Incontri a Beverly Hills (Hugo Pool), regia di Robert Downey Sr. (1997)
 Bugie, baci, bambole & bastardi (Hurlyburly), regia di Anthony Drazan (1998)
 La sottile linea rossa (The Thin Red Line), regia di Terrence Malick (1998)
 Essere John Malkovich (Being John Malkovich), regia di Spike Jonze (1999) - cameo
 Accordi e disaccordi (Sweet and Lowdown), regia di Woody Allen (1999)
 Una notte per decidere (Up at the Villa), regia di Philip Haas (2000)
 Prima che sia notte (Before Night Falls), regia di Julian Schnabel (2000)
 Il mistero dell'acqua (The Weight of Water), regia di Kathryn Bigelow (2000)
 Mi chiamo Sam (I Am Sam), regia di Jessie Nelson (2001)
 Le forze del destino (It's All About Love), regia di Thomas Vinterberg (2003)
 Pauly Shore Is Dead, regia di Pauly Shore (2003)
 Mystic River, regia di Clint Eastwood (2003)
 21 grammi (21 Grams), regia di Alejandro González Iñárritu (2003)
 The Assassination (The Assassination of Richard Nixon), regia di Niels Mueller (2004)
 The Interpreter, regia di Sydney Pollack (2005)
 Tutti gli uomini del re (All the King's Men), regia di Steven Zaillian (2006)
 Disastro a Hollywood (What Just Happened?), regia di Barry Levinson (2008)
 Milk, regia di Gus Van Sant (2008)
 Fair Game - Caccia alla spia (Fair Game), regia di Doug Liman (2010)
 The Tree of Life, regia di Terrence Malick (2011)
 This Must Be the Place, regia di Paolo Sorrentino (2011)
 Gangster Squad, regia di Ruben Fleischer (2013)
 I sogni segreti di Walter Mitty (The Secret Life of Walter Mitty), regia di Ben Stiller (2013)
 The Gunman, regia di Pierre Morel (2015)
 Il professore e il pazzo (The Professor and the Madman), regia di Farhad Safinia (2019)
 Una vita in fuga (Flag Day), regia di Sean Penn (2021)
 Licorice Pizza, regia di Paul Thomas Anderson (2021)

Televisione
 La casa nella prateria, serie TV, episodio 1x11 (1974)
 Hellinger's Law - film TV (1981)
 La strana morte di Randy Webster (The Killing of Randy Webster), regia di Sam Wanamaker - film TV (1981)
 Friends - serie TV, 2 episodi (2001)
 Due uomini e mezzo (Two and a Half Men) - serie TV, episodio 2x01 (2004)
 I Griffin (Family Guy) - serie TV, episodio 15x06 (2016)
 The First - serie TV (2018)
 Gaslit - miniserie TV (2022)

Documentari
 A letto con Madonna (Truth or Dare: In Bed with Madonna), regia di Alek Keshishian (1991)
 Dogtown and Z-Boys, regia di Stacy Peralta (2001)

Videoclip
Queenie Eye di Paul McCartney (2013)

Regista
 Lupo solitario (The Indian Runner, 1991)
 3 giorni per la verità (The Crossing Guard, 1995)
 La promessa (The Pledge, 2001)
 USA, episodio di 11 settembre 2001 (11'09''01 - September 11, 2002)
 Into the Wild - Nelle terre selvagge (Into the Wild, 2007)
 Il tuo ultimo sguardo (The Last Face, 2016)
 Una vita in fuga (Flag Day) (2021)

Sceneggiatore
 Lupo solitario (The Indian Runner), regia di Sean Penn (1991)
 3 giorni per la verità (The Crossing Guard), regia di Sean Penn (1995)
 Into the Wild - Nelle terre selvagge (Into the Wild), regia di Sean Penn (2007)
 The Gunman, regia di Pierre Morel (2015)

Produttore
 Lupo solitario (The Indian Runner), regia di Sean Penn (1991)
 3 giorni per la verità (The Crossing Guard), regia di Sean Penn (1995)
 Prove d'accusa (Loved), regia di Erin Dignam (1997)
 She's So Lovely - Così carina (She's So Lovely), regia di Nick Cassavetes (1997)
 La promessa (The Pledge), regia di Sean Penn (2001)
 Into the Wild - Nelle terre selvagge (Into the Wild), regia di Sean Penn (2007)
 Witch Hunt, regia di Don Hardy Jr. e Dana Nachman (2008) - documentario
 Dirty Hands Caravan, regia di Alison Thompson (2010) - documentario
 Love Hate Love, regia di Don Hardy Jr. e Dana Nachman (2011) - documentario
 Sebastian Beach One Fine Day, regia di Billy Yeager (2012) - documentario
 The Human Experiment, regia di Don Hardy Jr. e Dana Nachman (2013) - documentario
 The Gunman, regia di Pierre Morel (2015)

Teatro

 Heartland, di Kevin Heelan, regia di Art Wolff. Century Theatre di Broadway (1981)
 Slab Boys, di John Byrne, regia di Robert Allan Ackerman. Playhouse Theatre di Broadway (1983)

Premi e riconoscimenti
Premio Oscar
 1996 – Candidatura al migliore attore per Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte
 2000 – Candidatura al migliore attore per Accordi e disaccordi
 2002 – Candidatura al migliore attore per Mi chiamo Sam
 2004 – Migliore attore per Mystic River
 2009 – Migliore attore per Milk

Premio Golden Globe
 1994 – Candidatura al miglior attore non protagonista per Carlito's Way
 1996 – Candidatura al miglior attore in un film drammatico per Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte
 2000 – Candidatura al miglior attore in un film commedia o musicale per Accordi e disaccordi
 2004 – Miglior attore in un film drammatico per Mystic River
 2009 – Candidatura al miglior attore in un film drammatico per Milk

Altri premi
 Chlotrudis Awards 1996 - Miglior attore per Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte
 Independent Spirit Awards 1996 - Miglior attore per Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte
 Festival internazionale del cinema di Berlino 1996 - Orso d'argento per il miglior attore per Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte
 Festival di Cannes 1997 - Prix d'interprétation masculine per She's So Lovely - Così carina
 Coppa Volpi 1998 - Migliore interpretazione maschile per Bugie, baci, bambole & bastardi
 Independent Spirit Awards 1998 - Miglior attore per Bugie, baci, bambole & bastardi
 Chlotrudis Awards 2000 - Miglior attore per Accordi e disaccordi
 Satellite Award 2000 - Miglior attore per Accordi e disaccordi
 Critics' Choice Movie Awards 2002 - Miglior attore per Mi chiamo Sam
 Boston Society of Film Critics Award 2004 - Miglior cast per Mystic River
 Florida Film Critics Circle Award 2004 - Miglior attore per Mystic River e 21 grammi
 Critics' Choice Movie Awards 2004 - Miglior attore per Mystic River
 Kansas City Film Critics Circle Awards 2004 - Miglior attore per Mystic River
 Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards 2004 - Miglior attore per Mystic River e 21 grammi
 London Critics Circle Film Awards 2004 - Miglior attore per Mystic River
 National Board of Review Award 2004 - Miglior attore per Mystic River e 21 grammi
 Vancouver Film Critics Circle Award 2004 - Miglior attore per Mystic River
 Coppa Volpi 2004 - Migliore interpretazione maschile per 21 grammi
 Phoenix Film Critics Society Award 2004 - Miglior cast per 21 grammi
 Satellite Award 2004 - Miglior attore per Mystic River e 21 grammi
 Boston Society of Film Critics Award 2008 - Miglior attore per Milk
 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award 2008 - Miglior attore per Milk
 New York Film Critics Circle Awards 2008 - Miglior attore per Milk
 Southeastern Film Critics Association Award 2008 - Miglior attore per Milk
 Screen Actors Guild Awards 2009 - Miglior attore per Milk
 Critics' Choice Movie Awards 2008 - Miglior attore per Milk
 Critics' Choice Movie Awards 2008 - Miglior cast corale per Milk
 Austin Film Critics Association 2008 - Miglior attore per Milk
 Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2008 - Miglior attore per Milk
 Phoenix Film Critics Society Award 2009 - Miglior attore per Milk
 San Francisco Film Critics Circle Awards 2009 - Miglior attore per Milk
 National Society of Film Critics Awards 2009 - Miglior attore per Milk
 Vancouver Film Critics Circle Award 2009 - Miglior attore per Milk
 Premi César 2015 - Premio alla carriera

Doppiatori italiani
Nelle versioni in italiano dei suoi film, Sean Penn è stato doppiato da:
Massimo Rossi in Bad Boys, Il gioco del falco, A distanza ravvicinata, Shanghai Surprise, Colors - Colori di guerra, Stato di grazia, Carlito's Way, Dead Man Walking - Condannato a morte, She's So Lovely - Così carina, The Game - Nessuna regola, Bugie, baci, bambole & bastardi, La sottile linea rossa, Essere John Malkovich, Accordi e disaccordi, Una notte per decidere, Il mistero dell'acqua, Mi chiamo Sam, Dogtown and Z-Boys, Mystic River, 21 grammi, The Assassination, The Interpreter, Tutti gli uomini del re, Disastro a Hollywood, Milk, Fair Game - Caccia alla spia, The Tree of Life, This Must Be the Place, Gangster Squad, I sogni segreti di Walter Mitty, The Gunman, The First, Il professore e il pazzo, Una vita in fuga, Licorice Pizza, Gaslit
Francesco Pannofino in Fuori di testa, Non siamo angeli, Vittime di guerra, Due uomini e mezzo
Marco Mete in Friends, U Turn - Inversione di marcia
Tonino Accolla in Taps - Squilli di rivolta
Giorgio Borghetti in Crackers
Sandro Acerbo in In gara con la luna
Francesco Vairano in Berlino - Opzione zero
Giorgio Bonino in Piscine - Incontri a Beverly Hills
Luigi Ferraro in Prima che sia notte
Loris Loddi in Le forze del destino
Da doppiatore è sostituito da:
Massimo Rossi ne I Griffin

Onorificenze

Note

Bibliografia

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Attori figli d'arte
Attori italoamericani
Coppa Volpi per la migliore interpretazione maschile
Registi figli d'arte
Golden Globe per il miglior attore in un film drammatico
Irlando-americani
Orso d'argento per il miglior attore
Premio César onorario
Prix d'interprétation masculine del Festival di Cannes
Registi cinematografici statunitensi
Sceneggiatori statunitensi del XX secolo
Sceneggiatori statunitensi del XXI secolo
Vincitori del premio Donostia
Premi BSFC al miglior attore
Independent Spirit Award per il miglior attore protagonista


Lisa is 16 and has both suffered from and witnessed extreme domestic abuse. She now lives away from her abuser but still suffers the effects of the violence she has seen and experienced.
Mainstream school has been impossible. Lisa's anxiety caused her to display extremely challenging responses to the movement around school and the expectations of staff. As a consequence, Lisa has been excluded from two mainstream schools and a school for young people suffering from social, emotional and behavioural difficulties.
She is currently being educated in a unit set up to support young people unable to cope with mainstream education. Lisa is taught one to one and only studies her GCSE courses part time. She is unable to work in the same room as other young people and she has few friends.
Lisa is hyper anxious. She is rail-thin and eats little preferring smoking and sugary drinks to calm her nerves and give her much needed energy.
Lisa has dreams and aspirations but given her start in life, not surprisingly she has low expectations. Her confidence is extremely fragile. As a consequence, she can be easily defeated and will often prefer not to try rather than find out that she has failed. She would swear, kick and spit; she would hate you before you could reject her.
Lisa has a sense of humour, she has made up nicknames and gently pokes fun at us. In the early stages of working with Lisa she literally shook with fear. She glared at anyone who spoke to her and huddled in corners, her chin tucked into the collar of her coat. At first she refused to leave the minibus and would sometimes hurl abuse at anyone who attempted to persuade her to do otherwise.
In order for Lisa to become an academic learner, her needs and anxieties needed to be addressed. Our specialist teaching approaches and bespoke learning programme has enabled her to find out what she can do instead of what she can't. A great deal of time is spent building trust, we take part in practical activities alongside the young people making small steps of progress with acceptance and non-judgement, with clear boundaries to maintain a feeling of safety. Working with us has helped her find her own confidence and build the much needed resilience to face her past and her future.
She has now taken part in 26 Volunteering Hours for her V Inspired Award. She has gained her Sport Leadership Award NVQ Level One. She has worked in a team, tried new challenges and really pushed herself. The girl who would never take her coat off has worn overalls to paint furniture and fences, she has planted bulbs and built raised beds. She has met 43 local business people and worked alongside people she didn't know. She smiles and laughs along with the seven other young people in her group and she has an impressive Skills Based CV and a realistic plan for her future.
Lisa has not only grown in confidence, she makes good decisions and feels more positive about her future. She's taken steps to manage her anxiety and is keen to leave school and move on with her life. We aren't saying she has faced all her fears, nor are we saying she is doesn't need further support. She's done a lot of hard work and has glimpsed a version of the person she can be.
We can only continue to work with girls like Lisa if we can raise enough money for a mini bus. The bus we had been using was so old that when the petrol tank began to leak we found the parts were no longer made.
We are funded by being commissioned as an approved alternative educational provider. Local Authorities in the region are having to cut another £40 million pounds from their budgets. A funded mini bus from them is out of the question.
Without a minibus we are unable to provide the wide range of learning visits and environments. We are unable to introduce these very isolated young people to their wider community. Because of their social and economic exclusion, they are unable to pay for fares on public transport. We desperately need to show them an alternative future which includes looking beyond their peer group and neighbourhood.
These young people have the potential to be terrific employees, they are loyal and resourceful. They need to be shown their talents in order to reach their potential. You can help us do this.


Trademarks identify the source of goods or services. They serve to protect the public by reducing confusion in the marketplace regarding the person or company providing the goods or services. For example, if the corner gas station was permitted to slap a national coffee chain's logo on its cups, the public would assume that coffee to be of the type and quality associated with the national brand. Trademark law prevents that confusion from taking place. To learn more about trademark registration, click here.
However, there is a situation in which a third party is permitted to provide another's trademarked goods or services: trademark licensing agreements.
In this situation, two entities enter into an agreement that permits the licensee to provide the licensor's goods or services. This agreement should contain a number of important points.
First, the licensor has a duty to control quality. Remember, this is a large part of a trademark's function in the first place. The public expects a type and quality associated with a name brand. And when an entity other than the original creator is providing the goods or services, trademark law requires the licensor to take steps to ensure the quality of the goods or services.
If the licensee violates the standard for quality, the licensee is liable not only for breach of contract, but also for trademark infringement.
Second, the agreement should clearly detail the payment terms. These terms can vary greatly depending on the industry, however, a payment calculation, due date, and remedies for failure to pay as provided must be included.
Third, the license agreement should call for the licensee to keep accurate books and records and to provide detailed monthly reports to the licensor. This is critical as many times the payment is tied to the sales of the good or services.
If you need a trademark licensing agreement, or are experiencing problems enforcing your trademark licensing agreement, contact our experienced trademark lawyers today. Simply complete the contact form on this page or call us directly at 855-473-8474.


text:
Q: Replace or append in configuration file with sed I would like to replace or append in a configuration file like sshd_config:
Key1 value
#Key2 value

The idea of the command is:
$ cmd Key1 home file
$ cmd Key2 house file
$ cmd Key3 flat file

So the resulting file is:
Key1 home
Key2 house
Key3 flat

Any help is more than welcome.
I have taken this as an example but the one that comments and uncomments is not properly working.
Besides I have managed with other options but only for comments or uncommented lines and I want everything in one command if possible.
sed '/^Key\s/{h;s/\(\s\).*/\1newvalue/};${x;/^$/{s//Key newvalue/;H};x}' file

This one gets if the Key exists but, how do I append if it doesn't=
sed -i 's/^#\(Key\s\).*/\1newvalue/g' file

Thanks a lot. I have tried to understand sed but it is quite complex the different spaces and I don't know how to get with # or without.
Edit: Stdout output with -i inplace
$ sudo tee -a /usr/local/bin/conf-space-replace-or-append > /dev/null << 'EOL'
#!/bin/bash

awk -i inplace -v key="$1" -v val="$2" '
($1 == key) || ($1 == "#"key) { $0 = key OFS val; done=1 }
{ print }
END { if (!done) print key, val }
' "$3" > /dev/null
EOL

$ sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/conf-space-replace-or-append
$ sudo conf-space-replace-or-append Port 22 /etc/ssh/sshd_config

A: sed is for doing s/old/new on an individual line, that is all. For anything else you should be using awk for clarity, simplicity, portability, efficiency, etc., etc.
Just put the following in a file named cmd and execute it as you show in your question.
awk -v key="$1" -v val="$2" '
($1 == key) || ($1 == "#"key) { next }
{ print }
END { print key, val }
' "$3"

The above will delete the existing key+val if present and always appends the new pair to the end of the file. If you'd rather keep an existing key in it's original position in the file and only add new key+val pairs to the end then that's just a tweak:
awk -v key="$1" -v val="$2" '
($1 == key) || ($1 == "#"key) { $0 = key OFS val; done=1 }
{ print }
END { if (!done) print key, val }
' "$3"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Household and income surveys are sometimes conducted in our local communities. Collecting this information is the only way the town can qualify for Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funding which provides funding for street improvements, water or sewer repairs, community building improvements and other projects.
In a world consumed by data. Don't pick an internet provider who caps your data. PTCI is limit free. Call us at 800-562-2556 for details.
We chose PTCI because of not only their great phone and internet service, but also community involvement. It means a lot to our business, Top Hand Western Store, and to our family, to have someone we can depend on in the great times but also in the challenging times. We are in this for the long haul, and we want a provider that has our future needs in mind. Thanks PTCI for being there for us!


The Amboss Automobil Technologie GmbH is the leading provider of high-quality chassis and steering technology in the automotive industry. As a worldwide operating manufacturer, we supply dealers in Asia, Europe and America. Amboss sets standards for installation safety and manufacturing quality. Our German origin is expressed in our conscientious commitment to high product quality and reliability.
We also do not gamble when it comes to delivery reliability. We understand and recognize market developments at an early stage and can immediately offer our customers tailor-made solutions. We supply our customers worldwide with products in original equipment quality from our production sites in Europe and China.
Optimized combination of soft to hard settings for precision handling.
Inspiring top end customers to have fun, while enjoying perfect control of their car.
AMBOSS, an expert automotive chassis suspension company from Germany, first participated in the exhibition, within the German Pavilion, in 2017, and successfully found a number of quality distributors for Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shandong. This year, AMBOSS looks forward to meeting you again in the German Pavilion, where we hope to create relationships with more high quality distributors, in order to work together and to create win-win situations for all parties.


In a recent working paper which has received considerable play on social and other media (and is allegedly forthcoming in The Journal of Economic Perspectives next year), a sociologist called Marion Fourcade and two French economists (Algan, Ollion, the former a research fellow at the CNRS of the University of Strasbourg, the latter a prof of economics at Sciences Po, Paris), report an investigation in the "dominant position of economics with the social sciences in the United States." (abstract). Its title is meant to be a "double entendre" (p. 2) although not every one might get it.
Vis-à-vis sociology and political science, economics is more insular in that it is more self-referential than its enumerated competitors.
Vis-à-vis sociology and political science, economics is more tightly managed top-down, making dissent more difficult.
Vis-à-vis sociology and political science, economists are materially better off because many of them work in business schools and engage in well-paid consulting activities.
Vis-à-vis sociology and political science, economists are more individualistic.
Vis-à-vis sociology and political science, economists are more convinced in their discipline's "ability to fix the world's problems.
The authors try to establish this through analysis of citation data. Table 1 documents that the three "flagship journals" of the three disciplines (AER, APSR, and ASR) drew on citations from the top 25 journals in their respective disciplines about 40, 18, and 22 percent of the time. Researchers publishing in the AER referenced top 25 political science and sociology journals less than 0.8 % and 0.3 % of the time; those publishing in APSR and ASR referenced articles in the top 25 journals of other disciplines about 5 – 6 times more often. In absolute numbers that's still little (about 1 out of 40 references). And of course, looking at flagship journals is only so telling. So the authors review some other references (p. 4) that suggest that about 80 of references in economics are within-field while the corresponding numbers for sociology and political science are about 50 and 60 percent, respectively. This seems to reflect a certain self-referentiality and it is in line with my observations although these numbers surely differ widely across areas.
The authors then argue, "As sociologists know well, this dynamic is characteristic of unequal situations: those in a central position within a field fail to notice peripheral actors, … [follows the obligatory Bourdieu reference]. Instead, they tend to rationalize power and inequality as a 'just' product of merit, … ." (p. 6) Well, maybe. But surely other explanations – such as economists sharing a stronger and more wide-spread belief in an integrated and unified framework of rational actors — are possible and the authors fail to rule them out.
The authors then argue that the documented citation patterns reflect a top-down organization and management of the field. Quoting studies two decades old, they note that "scholars have long noted that top departments in economics exert a remarkably strong influence over the discipline's internal labor market. … The flow of students [hires] between departments … show that universities hire only from institutions that are ranked at the same level or higher. … This correlation between prestige and placement … is strongest in economics." (p. 8) Well, it is quite possible that the findings by Conley & Oender — more on them in another CET contribution — will change this to some extent. These authors have also demonstrated that the link between pedigree of graduating institution and publication record at the time the tenure decision arrives is rather tenuous.
While there is undoubtedly hierarchy in economics (in getting a job, getting published, and getting together), as arguably it should be to the extent that it is merit-based, some of the authors' examples are problematic at best. Yes, the AEA (American Economic Association) is a unitary organization and it has no "sections" as sociologists and political scientists have but economics has, for example, a strong and strongly growing association of experimental economists worldwide called the Economic Science Association and I would argue that this has helped to defuse some of the centralizing trends that the AEA brought about for a while. As has the emergence of the European Economic Association, or EEA. A good case can be made that part of the momentum for behavioral and experimental economics has come from the self-organization that has happened outside of the strictures of the AEA over the last couple of decades. The authors seem ignorant about these, and many similar related developments (e.g., here and here and here). In general, it seems clear that hierarchy is flattening both in terms of hiring (again see Conley & Oender) and in terms of getting published (see here ). And there is plenty of dissent in economics these days. And that's a good thing.
The authors acknowledge that, notwithstanding what they perceive to be the insularity and hierarchical structure of economics, changes can happen and can happen relatively quickly. The authors' case in point is finance which has seen a steady increase of extra-disciplinary citations in what the authors consider the five top economics journals (as percentage of citations roughly a doubling over the past two decades; see Figure 3 their paper). No surprise there since finance is in many respects just a spin-off of economics, albeit one which is recognizably closer connected to the business world. It is this fact that actually has improved the demand for economists from business schools; it also has created considerable opportunities for consulting (p. 17).
While this trend has been good for economists' incomes, it has also made them to some extent dependent: Whose bread I eat, his song I sing, as the German proverb has it.
Well, for the most part that statement reflects a lack of understanding of modern economic theorizing. The authors mention some of the usual references (e.g., the Frank et al 1993 JEP study, the Frey & Meier EJLE 2005 study and one of the classic Marwell & Ames studies) but ignore conveniently some evidence that contradicts these findings including one that explicitly has taken as target the Frank et al study: Watch what we do not what we say!
The implicit claim is that economists are over-confident. Because. Global Financial Crisis.
Well, yes, economists tend to be not particularly humble people but for starters they are quite a diverse bunch in their opinions, and, of course, there were people who did predict the GFC, or various precursor events. In fact, as the famous saying has it, whenever you have n economists in a room you are assured to have n+1 opinions because one of them will have two opinions all by himself, possibly at the same time.
The key problem of the present paper is that it does not appropriately factor in this diversity. Whether economists are too sure of themselves is hard to assess in the aggregate. A recent exploration suggest economists are "inhumanly impartial". Who am I to argue?
Maybe, you should have them superiors serve you, even if it comes at a premium. You get, as the saying has it, what you pay for.
As mentioned, the working paper by Fourcade and her colleagues has attracted considerable commentary on social and other media.
Noah Smith has argued that the premium that economists can pocket is for the most part due to the fact that economists have teched up on statistics over the past few decades. Which is, no doubt, part of the story. But they have teched up in many areas and statistics is just one and IMHO not really the most important one; the game theory and behavioral revolutions strike me as of at least equal importance.
Previous Previous post: Does increasing the legal age for buying alcohol reduce traffic accidents?


text:
Social Casinos: Winning Isn't Everything
Jonathan Barsky University of San Francisco
Loyalty, social casino, gambling, online games, satisfaction, enjoyment
Are players who win more likely to be loyal to social casino games, and better customers for the social casino industry? In this research, we investigate the relationship between social casino player success and customer loyalty. We make a case that winning is not a good predictor of customer loyalty for social casino games. Our proposed theoretical model integrates loyalty and spend level with a player's perceived level of gaming success. The unexpected diminished role of winning as a contributing factor to loyalty challenges the traditional view of thinking that success in a gambling environment is necessary to ensure valuable ongoing customer relationships. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Jonathan Barsky, University of San Francisco
Jonathan Barsky, Ph.D.Associate Professor of BusinessDepartment of MarketingSchool of Management | University of San Francisco415.225.0892 | barsky@usfca.edu | www.usfca.edu
Agrawal, N, Morris A. Cohen, and Noah Gans, (2009) Case - Revenue Management at Harrah's Entertainment, Inc.. INFORMSTransactions on Education 9(3):160-168.
Batchelor, James. (2018) "What Can Games Developers Learn from a Social Casino Firm?" GamesIndustry.biz, Mar. 2018, www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2018-03-20-what-can-games-developers-learn-from-a-social-casino-firm.
Boyce et al., (2010) "Money and Happiness" (Psychological Science, April 2010)
Broda, A., LaPlante, D., Nelson, S.E., LaBrie, R.A., Bosworth, L.B., and Shaffer, H.J. (2008). Virtual Harm Reduction Efforts for Internet Gambling: Effects of Deposit Limits on Actual Internet Sports Gambling Behavior, Harm Reduction Journal, 5, 27–35. Proceedings of ASBBS Volume 21 Number 1 ASBBS Annual Conference: Las Vegas 369 February 2014
Chen, J. (2007), "Flow in games (and everything else)", Communications of the ACM, Vol. 50 No. 4, pp. 31-34.
Costello, Brigid, and Ernest Edmonds. "A Study in Play, Pleasure and Interaction Design." Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Designing Pleasurable Products and Interfaces
Haefeli, J., Lischer, S., and Schwarz, J. (2011). Early Detection Items and Responsible Gambling Features for Online Gambling, International Gambling Studies, 11(3), 273–288.
Hutson, Matthew. (2015) "The Thirst for Competition." The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 10 Oct. 2015.
Jennett, C. et al. (2008), "Measuring and defining the experience of immersion in games", International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Vol. 66 No. 9, Elsevier, pp. 641-661.
Kim, Hyoun S. (2017) "Social Casino Games: Current Evidence and Future Directions." Gambling Research Exchange Ontario, 2017.
Klimmt, C. (2003), "Dimensions and determinants of the enjoyment of playing digital games: a three-level model", in Copier, M. and Raessens, J. (Eds), Level Up: Digital Games Research Conference, November 2003, University of Utrecht and DiGRA, Utrecht, pp. 246-257.
Kong, Lily; O'Connor, Justin. (2009) Creative Economies, Creative Cities: Asian-European Perspectives. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 38.
Koster, R. (2004), A Theory of Fun for Game Design, Paraglyph Press, Scottsdale, AZ.
Loew, Timothy. (2016) "About the Video Game Industry." MassGaming, May 2016, massgaming.com/wp-content/uploads/Commissioners-Packet-5-10-16.pdf.
Lombard, Matthew, and Theresa Ditton. "At the Heart of It All: The Concept of Presence." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, vol. 3, no. 2, 2006.
Lucas, A. F. (2003). Measuring the effect of casino-operated restaurant volume on slot machine business volume: An exploratory study. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 27(1), 101–117.
McMahan, A. "Immersion, Engagement, and Presence: A Method for Analyzing 3-D Video Games," in Wolf, M.J.P., and Perron, B. (eds.) The Video Game Theory Reader. Routledge, New York, 2003, pp. 67–86.
Nada, H. (2013), "What the music business can learn from the gaming and gambling industries", Billboard Biz, 4 February.
Nelson, S.E., LaPlante, D.A., Peller, A.J., Schumann, A., LaBrie, R.A., and Shaffer, H.J. (2008). Real Limits in the Virtual World: Self-Limiting Behaviour of Internet Gamblers, Journal of Gambling Studies, 24, 463–477.
Poels, K., de Kort, Y.A.W., and I Jsselsteijn, W.A. ""It is always a lot of fun!" Exploring Dimensions of Digital Game Experience using Focus Group Methodology," in Proceedings of Futureplay 2007 (Toronto, Canada, November 2007), pp. 83-89.
Reichheld, F.F. and Schefter, P. (2000). E-Loyalty: Your Secret Weapon on the Web, Harvard Business Review, July-August, 105-113.
Reichheld, F. F (2003). The One Number You Need to Grow, Harvard Business Review, December, 1-10.
Rigby, S. and Ryan, R. (2011), Glued to Games: How Video Games Draw us in and Hold us Spellbound, ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara, CA.
Shaffer, H. J. and Martin, R. (2011). Disordered Gambling: Etiology, Trajectory, and Clinical Considerations, Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 7, 483–510.
Sheldon, David. "Global Gambling Industry in Recent Years." Global Gambling Statistics 2019 - A List of the World's Gambling Capitals, www.casino.org/gambling-statistics/.
Sweetser, P.M. and Wyeth, P. (2005), "GameFlow: a model for evaluating player enjoyment in games", Computers in Entertainment, Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 1-24.
Tamborini, R. and Skalski, P. (2006), "The role of presence in the experience of electronic games", Playing Video Games: Motives, Responses, and Consequences, Routledge Taylor and Francis Group, pp. 263-281.
Tassi, P. (2011), "Analyst says video game advertising will double by 2016", Forbes Magazine, 3 October 2011.
Walk, Wolfgang, et al. "Design, Dynamics, Experience (DDE): An Advancement of the MDA Framework for Game Design." Game Dynamics, 2017, pp. 27–45.


text:
The Unexpected Journey Continues
by Armando Nahum, Director, MIQS Center for Engaging Patients as Partners
It's 2006 and another Labor Day Weekend is upon us. As preparations are under way for a gathering of family and friends, the phone rings…
Our son Joshua, an avid skydiver instructor living in Colorado, has just had an accident. A cold air density pushed his parachute inward and threw him to the ground at 60 miles per hour. Joshua is being taken to the Emergency Department and I'm scrambling for any airline to get me on the next flight to Denver. I manage to find a ticket, and arrive Denver in the early evening hours. Joshua is in ICU with a broken left femur and a contusion on the back of his head. I immediately saw a tube on the top of his head and asked what it was. They told me they had to perform a ventriculostomy, a temporary drainage to reduce the swelling in Joshua's brain.
I sat there and watched my son go in and out of sleep, a result of the heavy sedation medication he had been given. I noticed the room was dark, no windows and bits and pieces of paper on the floor. I didn't think much of it back then…I just wanted my son out of ICU. My understanding of hospitals at that time was quite limited: you go through the ED after an accident, then they move you to the ICU and if you get better you go to a "regular" room that means you get to go home soon.
But that was not the case with Joshua. He spent six weeks in ICU, battled two cases of MRSA and delirium, and finally he seemed to be on a good road to recovery. His neurosurgeon told us Joshua was "good to go". They found a Rehab Facility a couple of miles down the road where Joshua had some work left to do. I was so happy to hear that, finally, our nightmare would end.
Six days into Joshua's rehab, I received a call at 11:30pm from his neurosurgeon. He said that Joshua spiked a fever of 103F, his brain was swelling and he coded. He said he performed a lumbar puncture to determine if an infection was present. Little did he know that in doing so, he would end up "sucking" part of Joshua's brain into his spinal column, damaging C1 to C3 leaving him unable to breathe on his own. He was on a ventilator to breathe for him while the neurosurgeon figured out the extent of this new insult to his spine–not from crashing 60mph into the ground, but sustained during care by his doctor. I was in shock by the news, a phone call that reported the opposite of what we had last been told, deflating our expectations of recovery. I also remember so many of the details the neurosurgeon shared meant absolutely nothing to me at the time. I only had one question for him: "Are you confident you can handle my son?" And he answered: "Absolutely!"
I took the next flight to Denver and upon arriving there I found that Joshua had been transported to another hospital. His neurosurgeon was no longer available. He decided to "wash his hands" as Pontius Pilate did, Joshua no longer his concern. Within a few days the damage caused to Joshua's spinal column became clear: my son was now a ventilator-dependent quadriplegic with a gram-negative bacteria in his cerebral spinal fluid baffling everyone at that hospital. The bacteria that had been cultured were still unable to be stopped by any antibiotic available anywhere in the world. Joshua died a few days later, but not from his original injuries. My son ultimately died unnecessarily from an infection he caught during his hospital stay.
Joshua acquired his infection from the first hospital that cared for him, and 11 years later they still hide. They still deny and "fudged" his death certificate to where Reuters decided to investigate and discovered lies from various hospitals. Article cited here: https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-uncounted-surveillance/
And so, after the death of my son, my personal search to find out how this could happen transformed me into a man on fire; a man with a mission and an unquenchable passion to discover how to stop these largely preventable infections from happening to anyone else ever again. As irony would have it, or maybe because I was now awake and looking, we soon discovered that a total of 3 members of our family had been impacted with hospital Infections in 3 different hospitals, in 3 different states in only 10 months' time…
Someone once said that, in life, even more than education, experience is sometimes the best teacher. I can tell you with all certainty, that there no one has been taught more or has been more profoundly affected by the personal devastation and particular loss caused by hospital acquired infections than my own family.
With the help of the CDC, my wife Victoria and I decided to establish an organization dedicated on Infection Prevention (Safe Care Campaign) and arranged to meet with hospitals throughout United States and Canada; to tell our story and empower the caregivers to do the "right thing" for every single patient. The CDC taught us that the component of most importance to prevent infection during the delivery of care was something so simple: Hand Hygiene.
We soon realized that it would take us many years to visit thousands and thousands of hospitals, and fortunately, a new "movement" was starting. A movement that would allow the Patient and Family Members' voices to be heard. We jumped at the very first opportunity and created a new organization that, if done right, would have our voices heard throughout the world. The Healthcare and Patient Partnership Institute (H2Pi.org) emerged from a partnership with two of the most renowned Patient Engagement experts: Marty Hatlie, JD and Tim McDonald, MD, JD.
Together, we built a "model" of partnership between Patients and Family Members and hospital staff that was based on Quality and Safety initiatives. We wanted to make sure it would be patient harm that would be our focus, not just patient experience—the paint color of walls, the noise level in patient rooms or parking efficiencies. We wanted to help health systems with quality and safety initiatives, like reducing hospital-acquired conditions (HACs), reducing hospital readmissions and supporting these aims across the continuum of care.
Our first client was MedStar Health, the largest not-for-profit healthcare system in the mid-Atlantic region. In just 2 short years, we established Patient and Family Advisory Councils for Quality and Safety (PFACQS®) in all of their 10 Hospitals. Today, MedStar Health, with the leadership of Dr. David Mayer, Vice President of Quality and Safety, is a leader in Patient and Family Engagement throughout the country. Since then we have worked diligently with Vizient Inc. (formerly VHA) in developing many Advisory Councils throughout the USA.
With the recent launch of MedStar Institute for Quality and Safety (MIQS), my unexpected journey has recently provided me with yet another opportunity. As the Director of Center for Engaging Patients as Partners at MIQS, I am honored to be part of an innovative, state of the art and forward-thinking Institution with an impeccable team devoted to supporting the MedStar Health Quality and Safety mission.
The Institute is home to the Center for Open, Honest Communication, the International Training Center for Bloodless Medicine and Surgery, the Center for Engaging Patients as Partners, the Academy for Emerging Leaders in Patient Safety, and an ever-evolving array of quality and safety research, education and training programs and clinical improvement programs. The MIQS Mission is shaped by the Quadruple Aim — Better Care, Better Health in Communities, Lower Costs, and Healthcare Workforce Support. Click here, to find out more about the work we are doing through MIQS.
Gaining Momentum to Improve Diagnosis in Medicine
By Chris Goeschel, ScD, MPA, MPS, RN
Earlier today Facebook reminded me of a memory from 2015. I am not a daily FB user, and I limit my posts to select, real friends, versus the "I know someone who knows you" category social media tends to classify as "friends". Ironic that the post referred to an Institute of Medicine (IOM) Panel on which I had served for 2 years, and the report that our committee released in September 2015 on "Improving Diagnosis in Health Care". Two years ago an article discussing the findings and importance of our report appeared in the New York Times. My FB post included a link to the article.
Today, as I write this I am sitting on a plane headed to Boston for the 10th annual meeting of the Society to Improve Diagnosis in Medicine(SIDM). My mind drifts to the ways in which life has a way of merging events that occur in isolation, but create reality for individuals. Thirty years ago today my 67-year-old father died from a cancer that was treated as an infection until just weeks before he died. Missed diagnosis? Delayed diagnosis? For me, the memory is he died too young, too quickly, and in a way that surprised his physician, who cried when he told our family that in fact, it was not an infection it was cancer. We have come a long way in 30 years, right? My father never knew a cell phone, TV remotes were the "new thing", and computers were just starting to make a dent in how we work and live.
In some ways progress has been astounding; in other ways the pace of change is frustratingly slow. Last week a team of MedStar Institute for Quality and Safety colleagues and I met with others from six healthcare organizations from across the country, SIDM leaders, and leaders from the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI). Together we committed to 9 months of intensive work developing a "prototype" collaborative to guide organizations that are serious about improving diagnosis. The SIDM conference that I attended had more poster presentations than they could handle, and the lineup of speakers transcends from gurus in the quality and safety space (Don Berwick, Dave Mayer, and Amy Edmondson among others) to physicians, nurses and health services researchers in the trenches, who are all too aware that missed diagnosis, incorrect diagnosis, and delayed diagnosis remain a looming challenges.
Perhaps I should not have been surprised that when I shared my Facebook "memory", the comments from friends included new stories of how "we" got it wrong, got it "late" or didn't listen when they tried to TELL us what was going on with their health. These stories are sources of real dissatisfaction.
The report from our IOM panel suggested that each of us will experience at least one diagnostic error in our lifetime. An important way to help mitigate this reality is to acknowledge that diagnosis really needs to be a team endeavor. The ideal team benefits from patients and families at the center surrounded by physicians, nurses, allied health professionals and others, working together, sharing information, insights, concerns, and successes on behalf of better health for individuals and populations. Watch this space for how to join us on the journey.
I welcome your comments, questions and stories at mailto:[email protected].


The EDIPE is a cotton blouse enhanced by little flounces. Small mock neck. Sleeves and yoke in macramé with small discs. This style is a Victorian inspired blouse that is both romantic and sophisticated.
Our model wears a FR 38 / US 6 / UK 10, 176 cm / 5'8" tall, Bust 80cm / 31.5", waist 59 / 23.0", hips 89 / 35.0"


The number of choices available to us for our patients who have visually significant amounts of refractive astigmatism is amazing. For the vast majority of patients, we don't have significant restrictions in the spherical power, cylinder power or cylinder axis parameters available to meet their needs.
However, the emergence of presbyopia can present an added complication to satisfying the needs of soft toric lens patients.
In presbyopic patients who have low refractive cylinder (>1.00D), monovision with toric contact lenses may address their needs nicely. With the loss of stereopsis and the decreased visual overlap that occurs with monovision, all attempts should be made to achieve the best monocular vision possible in each eye.
That being said, don't overlook the value of using monovision with aspheric soft lenses to correct low amounts of astigmatism. Recent studies have concluded that many of the more recent entries into the aspheric soft lens market have an increased capacity for correcting low amounts of refractive cylinder.
In soft toric lens patients who have higher amounts of refractive cylinder, entering into a monovision correction may prove more challenging. With increasing amounts of refractive cylinder, the precision required to match the axis and power is amplified. It's important to ensure that the soft toric lens corrects the cylinder power adequately.
When assessing the soft toric lens performance, check the positioning of the lenses. Any rotational instability or excessive movement on blinking will result in undue fluctuations of visual acuity. This instability combined with the monovision correction could lead to an unsatisfactory visual outcome.
Although many practitioners select monovision as their first mode of correction for soft toric lens-wearing presbyopes, soft toric multifocal contact lenses should not be ignored as an option. Several soft toric multifocal options are available from multiple manufacturers. Although current parameters are somewhat limited, you can obtain the prescriptions of most of your presbyopic soft toric lens patients.
Patients who have an oblique cylinder correcting axis may have the most limited choices. At this time, current parameters limit us from the benefits of more breathable silicone hydrogel materials and more frequent disposability with this lens type. However, careful selection of appropriate patients can make this category of lenses rewarding.
We also need to recognize that a large portion of our soft toric presbyopic contact lens patients have significant intermediate distance demands including computer tasks. A creative approach may be necessary to address intermediate needs. Consider a modified monovision fitting by placing a distance lens on one eye and an intermediate and near multifocal lens on the other eye. Sometimes something as simple as under-minusing the near eye and providing adequate patient education concerning the compromised power can be a great solution.
Dr. Schornack is the associate dean of Clinical Education and serves in the Cornea and Contact Lens Service at the Southern California College of Optometry.


Get your outdoors on with the Tryna Hike tee from Wish You Were Northwest. A poly/cotton blended tee features "TRYNA HIKE" in bold black text across the front of a light heather grey short sleeve tee.
Tryna Hike Grey T-Shirt from Wish You Were Northwest.