text:
Egípcios (Árabe Egípcio: مَصريين; IPA: [mɑsˤɾɪjˈjiːn]; ; ;  Ni/rem/en/kīmi) são um grupo étnico nativo do Egipto e os cidadãos deste país que partilham uma cultura comum e um dialeto comum conhecido como árabe egípcio.

A identidade egípcia está intimamente ligada à geografia. A população do Egito está concentrada no baixo vale do Nilo, a pequena faixa de terra cultivável que se estende desde a primeira catarata até o Mediterrâneo e cercada pelo deserto, tanto a leste quanto a oeste. Esta geografia única tem sido a base do desenvolvimento da sociedade egípcia desde a antiguidade.

A língua diária dos egípcios é a variedade local de árabe, conhecida como árabe egípcio ou masri. Além disso, uma minoria considerável de egípcios que vivem no Alto Egito fala o árabe Sa'idi. Os egípcios são predominantemente adeptos do islamismo sunita com uma minoria xiita e uma proporção significativa que segue as ordens sufis nativas. Uma porcentagem considerável de egípcios pertence à Igreja Ortodoxa Copta, cuja língua litúrgica, o copta, é o estágio mais recente da língua indígena egípcia e ainda é usada em orações ao lado do árabe.

Identidade do povo egípcio
O grau em que os egípcios se identificam com cada camada da história do Egito ao articular um senso de identidade coletiva pode variar. Questões de identidade vieram à tona no século XX, quando os egípcios procuravam se libertar da ocupação britânica, levando à ascensão do nacionalismo secular egípcio etno-territorial (também conhecido como "faraonismo"). Depois que os egípcios conquistaram sua independência da Grã-Bretanha, outras formas de nacionalismo se desenvolveram, incluindo o nacionalismo árabe secular e o islamismo.

O "faraonismo" ganhou proeminência política nas décadas de 1920 e 1930, durante a ocupação britânica, quando o Egito se desenvolveu separadamente do mundo árabe. Um segmento da classe mais ocidentalizada argumentava que o Egito fazia parte de uma civilização mediterrânea. Essa ideologia se desenvolveu em grande parte a partir da longa história pré-islâmica, o relativo isolamento do Vale do Nilo e a ancestralidade/etnia genética não-Árabe dos habitantes, independentemente da atual identidade religiosa. Um dos mais notáveis defensores do faraonismo foi Taha Hussein, que observou: "O faraonismo está profundamente enraizado nos espíritos dos egípcios. Ele permanecerá assim e deve continuar e se tornar mais forte. O egípcio é faraônico antes de ser árabe"."

O faraonismo tornou-se o modo dominante de expressão dos ativistas anticoloniais egípcios dos períodos pré-guerra e entre guerras. Em 1931, após uma visita ao Egito, o nacionalista árabe-sírio Sati 'al-Husri observou que "os egípcios não possuíam um sentimento nacionalista árabe; não aceitavam que o Egito fizesse parte das terras árabes e não reconheceram que O povo egípcio era parte da nação árabe. " A década de 1930 se tornaria um período de formação do nacionalismo árabe no Egito, em grande parte devido aos esforços de intelectuais sírios, palestinos e libaneses.

O sentimento político árabe-islâmico foi alimentado pela solidariedade sentida entre os egípcios que lutam pela independência da Grã-Bretanha e aqueles em todo o mundo árabe envolvidos em lutas anti-imperialistas semelhantes. Em particular, o crescimento do sionismo na vizinha Palestina foi visto como uma ameaça por muitos egípcios e a causa da resistência foi adotada pelos crescentes movimentos islâmicos, como a Irmandade Muçulmana, bem como a liderança política, incluindo o rei Faruque I.

Não foi antes da era de Nasser, mais de uma década depois, que o nacionalismo árabe tornou-se uma política estatal e um meio para definir a posição do Egito no Oriente Médio e no mundo. em relação ao sionismo no novo estado vizinho de Israel. A política de Nasser foi moldada por sua convicção de que todos os estados árabes lutavam com lutas anti-imperialistas e, portanto, a solidariedade entre eles era imperativa para a independência. No entanto, um ano após o estabelecimento da Liga dos Estados Árabes em 1945, com sede no Cairo, o historiador H. S. Deighton, da Universidade de Oxford,ainda estava escrevendo:

O apego dos egípcios ao arabismo foi particularmente questionado após a Guerra dos Seis Dias de 1967. Milhares de egípcios perderam suas vidas e o país ficou desiludido com a política árabe. Embora o arabismo instilado no país por Nasser não estivesse profundamente enraizado na sociedade, um certo parentesco com o resto do mundo árabe estava firmemente estabelecido e o Egito se considerava o líder dessa entidade cultural maior. A versão do pan-arabismo de Nasser enfatizou a soberania egípcia e a liderança da unidade árabe em vez dos estados árabes orientais.

Muitos egípcios sentem hoje que as identidades egípcia e árabe estão inextricavelmente ligadas, e enfatizam o papel central que o Egito desempenha no mundo árabe. Outros continuam a acreditar que o Egito e os egípcios simplesmente não são árabes, enfatizando a herança, a cultura e a política independentes do Egito, apontando para os fracassos percebidos das políticas nacionalistas árabes e pan-árabes. A antropóloga egípcia Laila el-Hamamsy ilustra a relação moderna entre as duas tendências, afirmando: "à luz de sua história, os egípcios devem ter consciência de sua identidade nacional e considerar-se, acima de tudo, egípcios. Como está o egípcio, com esse forte senso de identidade egípcia, capaz de se encarar como um árabe também? " Sua explicação é que a egipitização traduzida como arabização com o resultado sendo "um aumento do tempo de arabização, devido a facilidade na língua árabe abriu as janelas para o rico legado da cultura árabe. ... Assim, em busca de uma identidade cultural, o Egito reviveu seu patrimônio cultural árabe ".

Críticos egípcios do nacionalismo árabe afirmam que ele trabalhou para erodir e/ou relegar a identidade nativa do Egito ao sobrepor apenas um aspecto da cultura do Egito. Essas visões e fontes de identificação coletiva no estado egípcio são captadas nas palavras de um antropólogo lingüístico que conduziu trabalho de campo no Cairo:

Nomes usados pelo povo egípcio
Os egípcios recebem ou receberam vários nomes:
Egípcios, do Grego , , de ,   "Egito". O nome grego é derivado do egípcio tardio Hikuptah "Mênfis", uma corrupção do nome anterior egípcio Hat-ka-Ptah (), que significa "lar do ka (alma) de Ptah", o nome de um templo para o deus Ptah em Memphis.
Coptas (قبط,  , também derivado da palavra grega , Aiguptios ("Egípcio"), que surgiu durante o domínio muçulmano para se referir à população indígena do Egito e separá-los dos árabes. Copta foi a língua do estado, Igreja e povo mas depois foi substituído pelo árabe após a conquista muçulmana. O termo moderno tornou-se associado exclusivamente ao cristianismo egípcio e aos cristãos coptas que são membros da Igreja Ortodoxa Copta ou da Igreja Católica Copta, embora referências a muçulmanos nativos como coptas sejam atestadas até o período mameluco.
, termo moderno que os egípcios usam para se referir ao próprio povo, é derivado de Miṣr, o nome  moderno e oficial para o país, é de origem semita, diretamente relacionado com outros termos semíticos para o Egito, como o hebraico מִצְרַיִם (Mizraim), literalmente "os dois estreitos" (referência ao Alto e Baixo Egitos). A palavra possuía originalmente a conotação de "metrópole" ou "civilização" e também significa "país" ou "terra de fronteira".

História Genética
Um grupo de antropólogos físicos observou estudos craniofaciais de restos de esqueletos egípcios e concluiu da mesma forma que "os egípcios estão no mesmo lugar desde o Pleistoceno e não foram afetados nem por invasões nem por migrações. Como outros observaram, os egípcios são egípcios e eles eram assim no passado também".

A análise genética dos egípcios modernos revela que eles têm linhagens paternais comuns às populações nativas do nordeste da África principalmente e aos povos do Oriente Próximo em menor grau - essas linhagens teriam se espalhado durante o Neolítico e foram mantidas pelo período pré-dinástico. O egiptólogo Frank Yurco, da Universidade de Chicago, sugeriu uma continuidade histórica, regional e etnolinguística, afirmando que "as múmias e os esqueletos dos antigos egípcios indicam que eram africanos do grupo étnico afro-asiático". Ele escreveu:

 "Certamente havia alguma mistura estrangeira [no Egito], mas basicamente uma população africana homogênea viveu no Vale do Nilo desde a antiguidade até os tempos modernos ... o povo badariano, que desenvolveu a cultura egípcia pré-dinástica mais antiga já exibia a mistura de traços físicos norte-africanos e subsaarianos que caracterizaram os egípcios desde então (Hassan, 1985; Yurco, 1989; Trigger, 1978; Keita, 1990; Brace et al., neste volume). Povos do Egito, do Sudão e de boa parte da África Oriental, Etiópia e Somália são agora geralmente considerados como uma continuidade [do Vale do Nilo], com características físicas variadas (tez clara a escura, vários tipos craniofaciais e de cabelo) mas com fortes traços culturais comuns incluindo as tradições pastorais de gado (Trigger 1978; Bard, Snowden, este volume). A pesquisa da língua sugere que esta população do Saara-[Vale do Nilo] tornou-se falantes das línguas afro-asiáticas ... O semítico foi evidentemente falado pelos saarianos que cruzaram do Mar Vermelho para a Arábia e tornou-se ancestral dos falantes de línguas semitas, possivelmente por volta de 7000 aC ... Em resumo, podemos dizer que o Egito era uma cultura afro-asiática africana distinta, enraizada no Vale do Nilo e no Saara."

Cultura

A cultura egípcia possui cinco milênios de história registrada. O antigo Egito estava entre as primeiras e maiores civilizações durante as quais os egípcios mantiveram uma cultura notavelmente complexa e estável que influenciou culturas posteriores da Europa, do Oriente Próximo e da África. Depois da era faraônica, os próprios egípcios ficaram sob a influência do helenismo, do cristianismo e da cultura islâmica. Hoje, muitos aspectos da cultura egípcia antiga existem em interação com elementos mais recentes, incluindo a influência da cultura ocidental moderna, ela própria influenciada pelo Antigo Egito.

Língua
Na antiguidade, os egípcios falavam a língua egípcia. Constitui seu próprio ramo da línguas afro-asiáticas. A língua copta é descendente direta da língua egípcia, escrita no alfabeto copta.

O árabe foi adotado pelos governantes do Egito após a invasão árabe e gradualmente substituiu o copta como língua falada. O copta falado estava quase todo extinto no século XVII, mas pode ter sobrevivido em bolsos isolados no Alto Egito até ao século XIX.

A língua oficial do Egito hoje é o árabe. O vernáculo falado é conhecido como árabe egípcio, enquanto o árabe padrão moderno é reservado para contextos mais formais, como é o caso em todos os países árabes.

A história registrada do árabe egípcio como um dialeto separado começa no Egito otomano com um documento escrito por um autor do século XVII sobre as peculiaridades do discurso do povo egípcio.

Enquanto uma grande maioria do dialeto árabe egípcio é derivado da língua árabe formal, também tem sido altamente influenciada por muitas outras línguas, como o francês, o turco e o antigo idioma egípcio. Acredita-se que estes sejam os efeitos de ter sido vítima de várias invasões, incluindo a do Império Otomano e a invasão francesa. Como cada nação veio e passou, os egípcios mantiveram as poucas palavras e frases que faziam a língua parecer mais fácil.

É também digno de nota que o dialeto egípcio é a versão mais compreendida da língua árabe entre o mundo árabe. Isso ocorre porque os filmes egípcios foram os mais influentes na indústria cinematográfica árabe e, portanto, são os mais difundidos. Como resultado, a maioria dos países árabes tem crescido ouvindo o dialeto e, portanto, não tem dificuldade em entendê-lo.

Originalmente, os egípcios escreviam em hieróglifos. A princípio, o significado dos hieróglifos era desconhecido; até um dia no ano de 1799 os soldados de Napoleão Bonaparte desenterrarem a pedra de Roseta. A Pedra de Rosetta foi encontrada quebrada e incompleta. Possui 14 linhas de escrita hieroglífica, 32 linhas em demótico e 53 linhas de grego antigo.

Religião
O Egito é predominantemente muçulmano, com Muçulmanos que compreendem entre 80% e 90% de uma população de cerca de 95 milhões de egípcios A grande maioria dos  egípcios adere ao Islão, principalmente ao Islão sunita , e uma minoria de cerca de 9% pertence à Igreja Ortodoxa Copta da Alexandria, um ramo do cristianismo ortodoxo.

No Egito a religião controla muitos aspectos da vida social e é aprovada  por lei. O método de contagem utilizado no censo de 2006 não inclui religião e os dados disponíveis sobre o número de adeptos das diferentes religiões são estimativas feitas por entidades religiosas e outras não-governamentais.

Sobrenomes

Hoje, os egípcios carregam nomes que têm origens egípcias, árabes, turcas e gregas (especialmente as coptas) entre outros. O conceito de sobrenome não existe no Egito. Em vez disso, os egípcios tendem a levar o nome do pai como primeiro nome do meio, e param no segundo ou terceiro nome, que assim se torna o sobrenome. Desta forma, os sobrenomes mudam continuamente com as gerações, à medida que os nomes da quarta ou quinta geração são abandonados.

Não é totalmente incomum que as famílias de origem egípcia (especialmente as coptas) tenham nomes ou sobrenomes que começam com o pronome possessivo masculino egípcio pa(geralmente' 'ba' 'em árabe, que perdeu o fonema  no decorrer do desenvolvimento de Proto-semítico. Por exemplo, Bayoumi (variações: Baioumi, Bayoumi, Baioumy) "de Fayyoum", Fayyoum significa "da grande água (yom)", Basyouni (de Aswan), Bashandi, Bakhoum ("a águia"), Bekhit, Bahur ("de Horus") e Banoub ("de Anubis").

O nome Shenouda, que é muito comum entre os Coptas, significa "filho de Deus". Assim, nomes e muitos topônimoss podem terminar com  -ouda ,  -noudi  ou  -nuti , que significa De Deus em egípcio e copta. Além disso, muitas vezes as famílias egípcias obtêm seu nome de locais no Egito, como Minyawi de  Minya e Suyuti de Assiute; ou de uma das ordens [[Sufi] locais, como el-Shazli e el-Sawy. Mais exemplos de sobrenomes proeminentes são Qozman e Habib.

Com a adoção do cristianismo e eventualmente do islamismo, os egípcios começaram a assumir nomes associados a essas religiões. Muitos sobrenomes egípcios também se tornaram helenizados e arabizados, significando que eles foram alterados para soar grego ou árabe. Isso foi feito pela adição do sufixo grego -ios  aos nomes egípcios; por exemplo, Pakhom para Pacômio; ou adicionando o artigo definido árabe el a nomes como Baymoui para el-Bayoumi.

Os nomes que começavam com o afixo egípcio "pu" ("do lugar de") eram algumas vezes arabizados para "abu" ("pai de"); por exemplo, Busiri ("do lugar de Osiris") ocasionalmente tornou-se Abusir e al-Busiri. Algumas pessoas também podem ter sobrenomes como el-Shamy ("o levantino") indicando uma possível origem levantina, ou Dewidar indicando um remanescente otomano-mameluco. Por outro lado, alguns levantinos poderiam levar o sobrenome el-Masri ("o egípcio"), sugerindo uma possível extração egípcia. Os camponeses egípcios, os fellahin, são mais propensos a manter nomes nativos, devido ao seu relativo isolamento durante toda a história do povo egípcio.

Com influência francesa, nomes como Mounier, Pierre e muitos outros se tornaram comuns, particularmente na comunidade cristã.

Ver também
 Demografia do Egito
 Mitologia egípcia
 História do Egito
 Cairo
 Controvérsia racial do Antigo Egito

Referências

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Czech ambassador scolded for supporting Beijing Olympics
By Aneta Zachová | EURACTIV.cz
Zeman, who cannot attend the opening ceremony in Beijing on 4 February due to health reasons, has asked the Czech ambassador to China Vladimír Tomšík to support the Beijing games. [EPA-EFE / ROMAN VONDROUS]
The Winter Olympic Games in Beijing has caused the first diplomatic clash between the new Czech government and pro-Chinese President Miloš Zeman. While the current ruling cabinet is criticising China's holding of the Games, the president has asked the Czech ambassador to China to express support.
Zeman, who cannot attend the opening ceremony in Beijing on 4 February due to health reasons, has asked the Czech ambassador to China Vladimír Tomšík to support the Beijing games. The ambassador followed Zeman's request and endorsed the Olympics in an interview for the Beijing Daily.
However, the president's position clashes with the new Czech government's.
"I called him (the ambassador) immediately and asked him to refrain from further statements in this sense. We had it out," Foreign Minister Jan Lipavský (Pirates, Greens/EFA) told Czech Television on Sunday.
The government is officially responsible for the country's foreign policy.
"I cannot prevent the ambassador from presenting the opinion of the President of the Republic," Lipavský admitted.
For Lipavský, the revision of Czech relations with China is among his priorities. The government's new programme promises a more human-rights-oriented foreign policy.
A diplomatic boycott of the Olympic Games in Beijing was expected to be the first way for the government to fulfil its promise. The Czech Olympic Committee has not even invited the government to attend the Beijing ceremony due to the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions. Moreover, Czech sportsmen and sportswomen will not travel to China with the Czech Air Force, as was the case in previous years.
While the US, the UK, Canada, Australia and Lithuania have all opted for a diplomatic boycott of the Games, Europe remains divided over the issue.
As EURACTIV reported, the French EU Council presidency will try to coordinate a joint EU position. "We are going to discuss this during our next meetings and try to reach a common position," a senior French official source said.
(Aneta Zachová | EURACTIV.cz)

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text:
[REMOTE BOOT METHOD AND DEVICE THEREOF AND SERVER DEVICE USING REMOTE BOOT METHOD]
A method and a device for remote boot and a server device using the same are provided. The method for remote boot includes the following steps. First, a computer having a network boot device is powered. Then, a loader program is downloaded by the network boot device, and then a configuration file having a size of an allocated memory and a file list is downloaded. Next, a memory block on the computer is allocated according to the size of the allocated memory, and a file system is installed in the memory block. Thereafter, a file is downloaded to the file system according to the file list; and a virtual disk drive is installed in the computer according to the file system. Thus, the computer may be boot via the virtual disk drive.
Huang, Chien-shan (Taipei Hsien, TW)
Chan, Sen-ta (Taipei Hsien, TW)
HUANG CHIEN-SHAN
CHAN SEN-TA
G06F9/00; G06F9/445; G06F15/177; H04L29/06; H04L29/08; (IPC1-7): G06F15/177; G06F9/00
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CONNOLLY, MARK A
JCIPRNET (P.O. Box 600 Taipei Guting, Taipei City, null, 10099, TW)
1. A method for remote booting a computer, comprising: executing a basic input output system (BIOS) and determining whether to execute a remote boot procedure; downloading and executing a loader program when the remote boot procedure is executed; downloading a configuration file, wherein the configuration file comprising a size of an allocated memory and a file list; allocating a memory block on the computer according to the size of the allocated memory and installing a file system in the memory block; and downloading a file to the file system according to the file list.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after the step of downloading the file to the file system according to the file list, further comprising: installing a virtual disk drive in the computer according to the file system and booting the computer via the virtual disk drive.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the file system comprises a boot sector, a file allocation table, a directory, and the file.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether to execute a remote boot procedure depends on a setting of the BIOS.
5. A computer suitable of remote boot, comprising: a network boot device for downloading a loader program via a network, wherein the loader program downloads a configuration file having a size of an allocated memory and a file list, the loader program setups a memory block on the computer according to the size of the allocated memory and setups a file system in the memory block, and a file is downloaded into the file system according to the file list.
6. The computer of claim 5, wherein the file is used to install a virtual disk drive in the computer, and the virtual disk drive boots the computer.
7. The computer of claim 5, wherein the network boot device comprises a boot read only memory (Boot ROM) on a network card.
8. The computer of claim 5, wherein the network boot device comprises a preboot execution environment (PXE) standard module.
9. The computer of claim 5, wherein the network boot device comprises an stand alone system.
10. The computer of claim 5, wherein the file system comprises a boot sector, a file allocation table, a directory, and the file.
11. A server device for remote boot, comprising: a server; and a network boot device for downloading a loader program via a network, wherein the loader program downloads a configuration file having a size of an allocated memory and a file list, the loader program setups a memory block on the server device according to the size of the allocated memory and setups a file system in the memory block, and a file is downloaded into the file system according to the file list.
12. The server device of claim 11, wherein the file is used to install a virtual disk drive in the server device and the virtual disk drive boots the server device.
13. The server device of claim 11, wherein the server device comprises a rack mountable server.
14. The server device of claim 11, wherein the server device comprises a blade server.
15. The server device of claim 11, wherein the server device comprises a double-CPU server.
16. The server device of claim 11, wherein the network boot device comprises a boot read only memory (Boot ROM) on a network card.
17. The server device of claim 11, wherein the network boot device comprises a preboot execution environment (PXE) standard module.
18. The server device of claim 11, wherein the network boot device comprises an stand alone system.
19. The server device of claim 11, wherein the file system comprises a boot sector, a file allocation table, a di-rectory, and the file.
This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no. 93101131, filed Jan. 16, 2004.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
This invention generally relates to a remote boot method and a device thereof. More particularly, the invention relates to a remote boot method and a device thereof and server devices using the remote boot method.
In recently years, the remote boot method and device of computer systems have become more important and popular. For example, in a server system, since the traditional server is gradually replaced by the rack mountable server, more servers may be installed in the rack of the rack mountable server. Thus, how to effectively manage these rack mountable servers has become a serious issue. The conventional method is to setup at least a keyboard, a display, a mouse, and a KVM (keyboard-video-mouse) switch on the rack and use the KVM switch to select the specific server. In general, when a server needs to be booted by a floppy disk, the manager has to find the server and then uses the floppy disk to boot the server. If the number of servers becomes larger and larger such as tens of servers, the conventional method is not efficient for the manager.
Moreover, the blade server developed in recent years may provides more servers in a server system in comparison with the rack mountable servers since CD-ROM drive or floppy drive is no more required and main board, CPU, hard disk, and memory can be integrated in a single interface card. In other words, the blade server has a smaller size and a higher density than that of a rack mountable server, therefore, more blade servers may be installed in a rack. Therefore, a remote boot method is more preferable for the management of the system of blade servers.
Currently, the remote boot of the servers can be implemented by several ways. For example, the manager can use the Boot ROM on the network card to perform the remote boot of the server. First of all, a preset program code is burnt into the Boot ROM of the network card. When the computer is powered on, the BIOS of the computer is executed. If the Boot ROM is detected by the BIOS, the BIOS will transfer the authority to the program code in the Boot ROM and to execute the program code. When the program code is executed, the network card is forced to download the image files into the memory of the computer and then the image files are used to perform the remote boot of the computer.
In addition, remote boot can also be implemented by using preboot execution environment (PXE) standard module. First of all, a standard PXE program code is burnt in the Boot ROM of the network card or in the BIOS. When the computer is powered on, the BIOS is executed. If the computer is set to be booted from the PXE program code, the BIOS will transfer the authority to the PXE program code and then the PXE program code is executed. When the PXE program code is executed, the network is forced to get the IP addresses of the local computer and the trivial file transfer protocol (TFTP) server via the dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) server on the net. Then, the boot image files are downloaded from the TFTP server to the memory of the local computer. Then, the local computer is booted by the boot image files.
Another way to implement the remote boot of the server is to provide the remote boot by a stand-alone system. The stand-alone system may include main board, CPU, hard disk, memory, I/O port, display and network card. In other words, the stand-alone system may be a stand-alone computer system. Before the computer is booted, the stand-alone system is still operated and can detect the current condition of the computer. When the boot of the computer is detected by the stand-alone system, the boot image files are download into the memory of the stand-alone system and performed as a virtual floppy disk so that the local computer can be booted by the virtual floppy disk.
Accordingly, all the conventional remote boot procedure described above may be described by the flowchart shown by FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a conventional method for remote boot. Referring to FIG. 1, after the computer is booted in step S102, the BIOS of the computer is executed in step S104. Then, the BIOS transfers the authority to the network boot device such as the Boot ROM, the PXE program code, or the stand-alone system in step S112. Then, the boot image files download the loader program in step S108, and the loader program is executed in step S110. The loader program downloads the boot image files (for example, the boot image files downloaded by the Boot ROM, the PXE program code or the sand-alone system) to the memory of the local computer in step S112. Thereafter, the boot image files is executed to setup a virtual disk drive in step S114. Then, the local computer can use this virtual disk drive to perform the remote boot in step S116.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a memory block for a conventional boot image file for remote boot. In the conventional remote boot procedure shown in FIG. 1, after the loader program is executed, a memory block is used by the loader program and is divided into a plurality of sub-blocks to setup such as the boot sector 202, the file allocation table (FAT) 208, the directory 209, and the files 210. Conventionally, the memory size and address of each sub-block is preset and cannot be modified. Therefore, the installation of the files and the virtual disk drive in the memory is unchangeable.
Accordingly, the conventional remote boot method and device have at least the disadvantages described below. First, the whole set of boot image files needs to be downloaded. In general, the size of boot image files stored in a floppy disk drive is, for example, up to 1.44 MB. In other words, in the remote boot procedure, the boot image files of 1.44 MB or more is required to be downloaded via network at each time of remote boot. In addition, the size and installation of the boot image files are fixed and cannot be changed directly. Therefore, the installation of the files and the virtual disk drive in the memory is unchangeable. Therefore, a flexible remote boot method and device suitable for a server system are required.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The present invention provides a remote boot method and device with a file system that can create a virtual disk drive according to the requirement of the user. Thus, the size and installation of the virtual disk drive and files for remote boot may be adjusted by the user.
In addition, the present invention provides a server device for remote boot with a file system that can create a virtual disk drive according to the requirement of the user. Thus, the size and installation of the virtual disk drive and files for remote boot may be adjusted by the user.
The present invention provides a method for remote booting a computer. The method includes the following steps. First, a basic input output system (BIOS) is executed for determining whether to execute a remote boot procedure. Then, a loader program is downloaded and executed when the remote boot procedure is executed. Next, a configuration file including a size of an allocated memory and a file list is downloaded. Thereafter, a memory block is allocated on the computer according to the size of the allocated memory and a file system is installed in the memory block. Thus, a file is downloaded to the file system according to the file list. In one embodiment of the invention, a virtual disk drive is installed in the computer according to the file system, and thus the computer is booted via the virtual disk drive.
In addition, the present invention provides a computer suitable of remote boot. The computer includes, for example but not limited to, a network boot device for downloading a loader program via a network. The loader program downloads a configuration file having a size of an allocated memory and a file list. Then, the loader program setups a memory block on the computer according to the size of the allocated memory and setups a file system in the memory block. Thus, a file is downloaded into the file system according to the file list. In one embodiment of the invention, a virtual disk drive is installed in the computer according to the file system, and thus the computer is booted via the virtual disk drive.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the network boot device includes, for example but not limited to, a boot read only memory (Boot ROM) on a network card, a preboot execution environment (PXE) standard module or a stand alone system.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the file system includes, for example but not limited to, a boot sector, a file allocation table, a directory, and the file.
Moreover, the present invention further provides a server device for remote boot. The server device includes, for example but not limited to, a server and a network boot device for downloading a loader program via a network. The loader program downloads a configuration file having a size of an allocated memory and a file list. Then, the loader program setups a memory block on the server device according to the size of the allocated memory and setups a file system in the memory block. Thus, a file is downloaded into the file system according to the file list. In one embodiment of the invention, the file is used to install a virtual disk drive in the server device and the virtual disk drive boots the server device.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the server device comprises, for example but not limited to, a rack mountable server, a blade server, or a double-CPU server.
Accordingly, the method and device for remote boot of the present invention can setup a file system according to the configuration system, and thus has the advantages described below. First, in the present invention, the installation of the virtual disk drive is changeable. In addition, the installation of files for remote boot are also changeable, and thus the size of the memory used in remote boot may be minimized by only installing essential files for remote boot, and thus the time for downloading the files are reduced. In summary, the file system of the present invention can create a virtual disk drive according to the requirement of the user, and thus the size and installation of the virtual disk drive and files for remote boot may be adjusted by the user.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary, and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The following drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a conventional method for remote boot.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a memory block for a conventional boot images file for remote boot.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a remote boot procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a memory block for boot image files for remote boot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a remote boot procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the computer is powered on in step S302. Then, the BIOS of the computer is executed in step S304 to detect and initialize the computer. In step S306, the computer will determine the boot procedure according to the detection and initialization of the BIOS. For example, if a remote boot device such as Boot ROM, PXE program code or a stand alone system is detected to be previously installed in the computer, the BIOS executes the network boot device in step S308. Otherwise, the BIOS will boot the computer itself and execute the boot procedure in step S310. After step S308, the network boot device initializes the network and download the loader program via the network in step S312. Then, in step S316, the loader program executes the loader program. Then a configuration file of the computer is downloaded by the loader program in step S318. The configuration file may be, for example, a text file (.TXT). The size of the allocated memory and the file list required for the remote boot is preset in the configuration file. Then, a memory block is allocated according to the size of the allocated memory in step S320. Thereafter, a file system is installed in the memory block in step S322. Thus, files corresponding to the file list are downloaded to the file system in step S324. Therefore, a virtual disk drive is installed in step S326, and the remote boot is performed by the virtual disk drive in step S328.
FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a memory block for boot image files for remote boot according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the remote boot procedure shown in FIG. 3, after the configuration file is downloaded in step S318, the memory block is allocated according to the size of the allocated memory in the configuration file in step S320 and a file system is installed in the memory block in step S322. Referring to FIG. 4, the file system may include, for example but not limited to, a boot sector 402, a file allocated table (FAT) 408, a directory 409 and files 410. The size and address of the memory block, sub-blocks and files are setup according to the configuration file. Therefore, the download of the files and the setup of the virtual disk drive may be preset by setting the configuration file. For example, the size of conventional boot image files used in a floppy disk drive is about 1.44 MB. Therefore, in each conventional remote boot process, the computer needs to download the conventional boot image files of about 1.44 MB via the network. However, in one embodiment of the present invention, the size of the files required for the remote boot procedure may be reduced to about, for example but not limited to, 131 KB or less. Accordingly, the space of the virtual disk drive is minimized and the speed of the remote boot procedure via the network is enhanced.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of this invention provided they fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.
Previous Patent: Information processing device and program
Next Patent: System and method for updating device firmware


text:
Los Angeles Chargers Collectibles
Mike Williams Los Angeles Chargers Framed 15" x 17" Player Collage with a Piece of Game-Used Ball
Framed collage,game used collectible
Comes with statement of authenticity
Each collectible comes designed with a photo of the player and home stadium, a team logo, and an actual piece of game-used football from a Los Angeles Chargers game (not from any season, event, or game). It is officially licensed by the National Football League and comes with a statement of authenticity from Fanatics Authentic. It is framed in black wood and measures 15" x 17" x 1".
Keenan Allen Los Angeles Chargers Framed 15" x 17" Player Collage with a Piece of Game-Used Football
Derwin James Los Angeles Chargers Framed 15" x 17" Player Collage with a Piece of Game-Used Ball
Philip Rivers Los Angeles Chargers Framed 15" x 17" Impact Player Collage with a Piece of Game-Used Football - Limited Edition of 500
Los Angeles Chargers Framed 15" x 17" Franchise Foundations Collage with a Piece of Game Used Football - Limited Edition of 213
Philip Rivers Los Angeles Chargers Framed 15" x 17" Player Collage with a Piece of Game-Used Football
Los Angeles Chargers Framed 10" x 18" Stadium Panoramic Collage with Game-Used Football - Limited Edition of 500
Los Angeles Chargers Framed 15" x 17" Team Impact Collage with a Piece of Game-Used Football - Limited Edition of 500
Joey Bosa Los Angeles Chargers Framed 15" x 17" Player Collage with a Piece of Game-Used Football
rc: 6a1998be1aee0019
vid: b89d0fb0-5a70-11eb-9e74-c7323c2ca1a4


text:
Q: how to use for loop in powershell to take multiple variable values I am trying to create a network share and Set ACL permission, it works perfect for 1 folder but i would like to create the same thing for 1 more folder, i just do not want to repeat the code.
following is my working code for 1 folder, i will also put the path of other folder
$MediaFoler_Security = 'C:\Projects\MediaContent'
$acl = Get-Acl $MediaFoler_Security
$rule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule("IIS_IUSRS","FullControl",
"ContainerInherit, ObjectInherit", "None", "Allow")
$acl.AddAccessRule($rule)
Set-Acl $MediaFoler_Security $acl

Here is my other folder path
$DeployFolder_Security = 'C:\Projects\Deployments'

A: Put it in a function:
function my-acl($path) {
  $acl = Get-Acl $path
  $rule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule("IIS_IUSRS","FullControl",
  "ContainerInherit, ObjectInherit", "None", "Allow")
  $acl.AddAccessRule($rule)
  Set-Acl $path $acl
}

And call like:
my-acl 'C:\Projects\MediaContent'
my-acl 'C:\Projects\Deployments'

Or:

$dirs = @('C:\Projects\MediaContent','C:\Projects\Deployments')
$dirs | % { my-acl $_ }

A: You can do it like that:
$folders = "C:\Projects\Mediacontent","C:\Projects\Deployments"

foreach($folder in $folders){

$acl = Get-Acl $folder
$rule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule("IIS_IUSRS","FullControl",
"ContainerInherit, ObjectInherit", "None", "Allow")
$acl.AddAccessRule($rule)
Set-Acl $folder $acl

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Al-Ismaelia
Downtown Cairo
Lease A Space
17 Gawad Hosny Street
Located at 17 Gawad Hosny street, Abdul-Aziz Radwan Bey (commercially known as Tamara) building was first completed in 1910 with a 3 floor Neo-Renaissance architecture style. In 1912, two additional floors were added to the building.
The building was first owned by Banque Misr and in 1919 the ownership went to Emili Jalica then the property was bought by Abdul-Aziz Radwan Bey in 1925.
Al Ismaelia for Real Estate Investment acquired the building in 2009. It hosted the first photography festival in Egypt "Cairo Photo Week" in collaboration with Photopia which offered a wide variety of photography, videography, and cinematography educational experience by experts in Egypt and the region.
Dakhli
Al Ismaelia aims to revive the building as a mixed-use project. The building will be comprised of three floors of 'Grade A' core and shell offices, 13 retail locations with direct access to the main street, in addition to a panoramic rooftop overlooking the remnants of Downtowns golden era buildings which will be a bustling leisure and recreational venue.
Cairo Photo Week
Art D'Égypte: 29th Letter of the Alphabet
Consoleya
2020 - Al Ismaelia | All right reserved


Jon Shaw's first goal since the opening day of the season secured victory for Luton at Lincoln.
The Hatters had lost their previous two away games, but went ahead when Imps goalkeeper Paul Farman palmed Andre Gray's cross into his own net.
And Shaw doubled the lead when he headed home Stuart Fleetwood's free-kick after being left unmarked.
Jamie Taylor, who had earlier forced a smart save from Mark Tyler, did pull a goal back with a powerful effort.
"The margins were tiny. I'm not going to question Paul (Farman), he's been a fantastic goalie for us and then straight after half-time a slight adjustment from the defender has cost us but that defender's only been here a day so I won't have a go at Peter Gilbert.
"He tried to take responsibility by picking a man up. Those little things have been the costly ones.
"I thought we played some very good football. We kept the ball on the floor, we didn't have a target man so we tried a different format today and created some good chances.
"When you play against a good side you need everyone up for it and I thought most of our players were up for it and put some solid performances.
"Credit to the opposition for taking advantage but you can't give soft goals away."


Each unit features white oak flooring, solar shades, washer and dryer, open kitchen, Caesarstone quartz countertops, Bosch, Sub-Zero and GE stainless steel appliances, and porcelain tile floors.
The innovative bay windows of the apartment create a one of a kind space for you to enjoy. All interior finishes and fixtures were carefully selected by the designer, from the entry door hardware to the cabinetry.
This unique building offers 22,000 square feet of indoor and outdoor amenities space, including a state of the art fitness center with cardio and pilates equipment, a swimming pool, lounge, library, sundeck, screen room and pool tables; as well as comprehensive concierge and lifestyle services.
Located in the Financial District, close to the new Freedom Tower, 11 subway lines, South Street Seaport and much much more!!!


text:
Showing posts with label John Strohmayer. Show all posts
John Strohmayer | Pitcher For 1973 New York Mets NLCS Championship Team, Dies at 73
December 07, 2019 1973 New York Mets, 1973 NLCS, 1973 World Series, John Strohmayer, Montreal Expos, New York Mets No comments
John Strohmayer, a pitcher for the 1973 New York Mets National League pennant-winning team, died November 28, 2019, in Redding, California. He was 73.
John Strohmayer "Missing 1974 Topps Card" / Giovanni Balistreri
The South Dakota native made his major league debut in 1970 with the Montreal Expos. He pitched parts of four seasons with the Canadian club, compiling an 11-9 record before the Mets signed him off waivers midway through the 1973 season. It was a move that delighted the entire household.
"We are both so happy," his wife Connie said to the Montreal Gazette in 1973. "He pitched so well against New York earlier this year and he had two good starts against them in '71. I guess they remember."
Unfortunately, Strohmayer could not recapture his Flushing magic in a Mets uniform. He pitched in only seven games with an 8.10 ERA and was left off the postseason roster. He spent most of the 1974 season in the minor leagues, making one final appearance as a September call-up with New York. Citing a sore shoulder, Strohmayer hung up his cleats and embarked on a 34-year career in education.
He returned to his alma mater, Central Valley High School, where he was once a standout multi-sport athlete. Working as a teacher and a coach, he led Central Valley's boys' basketball team to the CIF championship in 1989. The district dedicated the current basketball court in his honor.
"His attention to detail and getting kids to believe in themselves was the difference," his son Kevin said to Shasta County Sports.
Strohmayer eventually moved up the administration ladder, working as an assistant principal and principal before becoming the district's superintendent in 2005. Current Central Valley principal Kyle Turner found Strohmayer's athletic and coaching experience enhanced his ability to relate to students and staff.
"I firmly believe that some of the best coaches can make fantastic administrators, and I know that a lot of the things that he's learned in his athletic past obviously helped him relate to students and keep the connections with students," Turner said to ABC-affiliate KRCR. "And that's something that is an integral part of any educator, and he was able to do that very, very well, from everything that I've experienced with John."
In 2009 luck found Strohmayer, when he was one of 15 Gateway Unified School District employees who shared a $76 million lottery jackpot. He retired at the end of the 2009 school year after 32 years in education.


text:
Q: CPU temperature real time with python default libraries How can I detect CPU temperature and RAM temperature in real time with python default libraries?

A: I'm not sure that such kind of function or module is standard.
You can install the package psutil to use this function (pip install --user psutil):
import psutil

psutil.sensors_temperatures()

Otherwise,if you really don't want to install non standard packages, you might find information somwhere on your computer, for example on Linux:
$ cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone*/temp

You can read those kind of files directly in your Python code but I don't think that's a good practice as it's not cross platform !


"One can experience a poem and not understand it. One can fall in love with a woman and not know why. Same with a poem."
Mark Strand was born in 1934 in Summerside, Prince Edward Island, Canada, to American parents and moved to the U.S. in 1938. His childhood was spent in Halifax, Montreal, New York, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Colombia, Peru, and Mexico. His parents were middle-class Jewish intellectuals. The father was an executive and the mother was at different times a teacher and an archaeologist. Only after the death of his mother would Strand learn that she had had a former marriage to a poet.
Strand earned a B.A. from Antioch College (1957), a B.F.A. from Yale University (1959), and -- working with Donald Justice -- an M.A. from the University of Iowa (1962). Although he read and wrote poetry while attending Antioch College, he entered Yale intending to become a visual artist. However, while studying painting with Josef Albers, he became a passionate reader of Wallace Stevens. He then found himself writing verse and captivating the attention of his English professors.
I am not thinking of Death, but Death is thinking of me.
Among Strand's many volumes of poetry are Darker (1970), The Story of Our Lives (1973), Elegy for My Father (1978), The Late Hour (1978), The Continuous Life (1990), The Monument (1991), Dark Harbor (1993), the Pulitzer Prize-winning Blizzard of One (1998), and Man and Camel (2005). He has also published books of prose, volumes of translation (Rafael Alberti, Carlos Drummond de Andrade), monographs on prominent artists (Edward Hopper, William Bailey), and books for children.
Strand's honors include grants from the National Endowment for the Arts (1967-68, 1977-78, 1986-87), a Rockefeller Foundation award (1968-69), the Edgar Allen Poe Prize (1974), a National Institute of Arts and Letters award (1975), and the Bollingen Prize (1993). He also received fellowships from Ingram Merrill Foundation (1966), the Academy of American Poets, the Guggenheim Foundation (1974-75), and the MacArthur Foundation (1987-92). Strand has served as the U.S. Poet Laureate at the Library of Congress (1990-91) and is a former Chancellor of the Academy of American Poets.
The following poem is from The Continuous Life. "When Mark Strand reinvented the poem, he began by leaving out the world. The self he invented to star in the poems went on with the work of divestment: it jettisoned place, it jettisoned fellows, it jettisoned all distinguishing physical marks, save beauty alone," poet Linda Gregerson once wrote. Dedicated to his Antioch mentor, "The Idea" may be one of those sublime pieces Gregerson had in mind. Strand believes that there is a delicate interface between the self and the world. A poem will be neither wholly objective nor subjective, but will incorporate elements of both. What is not viable is to restrain the self completely and create verse that is truly about the "exterior."
Especially now? Go back to the place you belong;"


text:
Backroom trading starts for top jobs
Tue., Feb. 15, 2005
Jamie Tarabay Associated Press
BAGHDAD, Iraq – A French-educated finance minister and a former London physician emerged Monday as the top candidates to be Iraq's next prime minister after the clergy-backed Shiite Muslim alliance failed to get the necessary majority of votes to control the Legislature.
The prominence of urbane, moderate, Western-oriented figures appeared designed to counter concern in Washington that Iran's influence will grow in Iraq after a Shiite-dominated government takes power – even though the ultimate decision may rest with a reclusive elderly cleric.
Adel Abdul-Mahdi, interim finance minister, and Ibrahim al-Jaafari, interim vice president, were said to be the leading candidates for prime minister as backroom trading for the top posts in the new government began in earnest Monday.
The consultations were necessary because the United Iraqi Alliance failed to secure the two-thirds majority in the newly elected National Assembly that would have allowed it to control the Legislature and install whomever it wanted as president.
The Kurds, poised to become kingmakers in the new Iraq, have said they want Jalal Talabani, a secular Sunni Kurd and leader of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, to be Iraq's next president, a largely ceremonial post. The Shiites may seek a deal with the Kurds to back Talabani for president in return for Kurdish support for their prime ministerial choice.
The Kurds, who make up about 15 percent of Iraq's population, have demanded that the new constitution legalize Kurdish self-rule in northern Iraq. They also want an end to what they call "Arabization" of Kirkuk and other northern areas where most of the Arabs are Sunni Muslims.
But the Shiites know they must move carefully, particularly if they want to extend a hand to the minority Sunni Arabs to form an inclusive government and tame a virulent insurgency. Many Sunni Arabs, who make up about 20 percent of the Iraqi population, stayed home on election day out of fear or in support of a boycott called by clerics opposed to the U.S. military.
Meanwhile, Iranian Foreign Minister Kamel Kharrazi welcomed the results of the Jan. 30 elections and said his country expects Iraq's Shiite Muslim majority to work with the country's other ethnic groups.
Iran, though not Arab, is predominantly Shiite, and its government has close ties with many Iraqi Shiite leaders.
The election results for the National Assembly, announced Sunday, gave the clergy-backed United Iraqi Alliance 48 percent of the vote, the Kurdish alliance 26 percent and the ticket led by interim Prime Minister Ayad Allawi, a secular Shiite who supports strong ties to Washington, only 14 percent.
The National Assembly's first task is to elect a president and two vice presidents. Then the trio will choose a prime minister subject to National Assembly approval. The parties that make up the United Iraqi Alliance – the Islamic Dawa Party, the Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq and former Pentagon protege Ahmad Chalabi's Iraqi National Congress – huddled for talks Monday to decide on a prime ministerial candidate.
Al-Jaafari was the Dawa Party's choice, while the Supreme Council nominated Abdul-Mahdi, said Humam Hamoudi, a spokesman for the United Iraqi Alliance.
But it ultimately may be Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Husseini al-Sistani who decides. Al-Sistani's tacit endorsement is believed to have led to the alliance's electoral victory. Representatives from the alliance will visit the elderly cleric today.
Among other leading Shiites, Chalabi has also thrown his name into the contest for prime minister. Abdul-Aziz al-Hakim, a turbaned cleric who led the ticket and has close links with Iran, has said he's not interested in the job.
Video shows brutal Memphis police beating
DEA removed Mexico director amid misconduct probe as fentanyl boomed …
FDA eases blood donation ban on gay and bisexual men after years of protest …
Half Moon Bay suspect admits to shooting rampage, says he was bullied …
Mishandling of classified information has Congress asking questions …
Despite missing old Gonzaga running mate Rui Hachimura, Corey Kispert settling into his role with Wizards
Ovarian cancer: How Amy Lindh fought a hard-to-diagnose cancer – and won
With the help of gynecologic oncology specialists at Providence, Amy beat cancer—and found the courage to accomplish things she'd never dreamed of.


The shire of Willingtown recreating Elizabethan Market Faire (circa 1570s) since 2003.
Play Faire Productions is proud to announce we will return to our lovely English Village for our Harvest-time Marketplace Faire. We'll step back once more to the romantic and bawdy days of the Renaissance. We welcome back our beloved Queen Elizabeth I and her noble court. As the exotic Traders Market pays visits to our little shire, we will welcome more international and intriguing characters. When this exotic Market comes to call on our small village, who knows what mysteries they hold in store to share with us? Visitors will find a colorful reception in our tireless Mongers, our relentless Puritans, our colorful Fools, our crooked Constables, and our beloved peasants. St Cuthbert's will awaken the streets once again with lively pageantry and colorful parades. Bring your tankard and plan on staying all day. Ale will be cold, Belles will be beautiful and bawdy, swashbuckling swordfighters will be dashing and daring. Heroic Knights in armor will awaken the arena with full contact jousting while jugglers and jesters bring mirth to the stages.
Casa de Fruta, 10021 Pacheco Pass Highway, 2 miles NE of the junction of Highway 152 and Highway 156. Easily accessible from Interstate 5 or Highway 101.


text:
Q: how to make a telegram bot with rasa deployed on heroku I have created a chatbot using the rasa framework and have deployed it to heroku, how do I make chatbot usable on telegram

A: Using Telegram with Rasa Open Source is described in the documentation.
You have to add the following to your credentials.yml file before running Rasa Open Source with rasa run:
telegram:
  access_token: "490161424:AAGlRxinBRtKGb21_rlOEMtDFZMXBl6EC0o"
  verify: "your_bot"
  webhook_url: "https://your_url.com/webhooks/telegram/webhook"

webhook_url should use the hostname / IP of your Heroku server.


text:
Your search for "Democracy and democratization" returned the following 25 expert(s):
AL-FATTAL, Rouba »
Part-time professor
E-mail: rouba.alfattal@uottawa.ca
Research information:
I am a Canadian citizen of Syrian origin. Having lived half of my life in the Middle East and the other half in Canada I gained deep knowledge of both societies. I have been an advocate of cross-cultural diplomacy. Academically, I specialized in comparative foreign policy analysis, comparing Canadian and European Union Foreign policy in the Arab world - particularly democracy promotion and electoral assistance. I have been working as a policy analyst and consultant for more than ten years, then in 2014 I joined the University of Ottawa as a part time professor teaching courses on the Middle East and Arab Politics. However, my passion has always been at the community level which is why I joined the Rotary Club of Ottawa, where I have been championing my #Canadians4Refugees campaign. I published many articles and editorials on Canada's foreign policy in the Middle East and have been a frequent guest on this topic and on the Syrian refugee issue.
Area(s) of expertise:
(View other experts in this field)
Democracy and democratization
Language preference:
English and French , Arabic, Dutch and basic Hebrew
BANERJEE, Nipa »
PhD.
School of International Development and Global Studies
Office: 613-562-5800 (4531)
Home: 613-842-9814
E-mail: nipa.banerjee@uOttawa.ca
Preferred method s of contact:
E-mail, Home Telephone, Cell Telephone
Foreign Aid; Aid Effectiveness; Development Issues-South and South East Asia; Development Issues in Post Conflict Countries and Peace Building Measures; Fragile & Conflict States; Development and Reconstruction in Afghanistan. More than 40 years of experience with CIDA, IDRC and NGOs. Lived and worked several years as a professional in several South and South East Asian Countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar). Travelled widely and continues to make quarterly visits (especially Afghanistan, Bangladesh and India) and other developing countries for research purposes.
International development and globalization
International political economy
Operations/project management
Women and development
English only, Bengali; Hindi; Urdu
BEHIELS, Michael D. »
E-mail: mbehiel@uOttawa.ca
E-mail, Home Telephone
I am a political, constitutional, intellectual historian who deals with Canadian political and constitutional matters since 1945. I am a specialist in Canadian federalism, federal-provincial relations with a special emphasis on Ottawa-Quebec relations, nationalisms as expressed in Canada, francophone-anglophone relations, and the development of Canada's Francophone minority communities
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Aboriginal legal issues
Minority languages
Quebec politics
English and French
BROWN, Stephen »
E-mail: brown@uOttawa.ca
I study a variety of issues relating to democracy and democratization, conflict and violence, mining, foreign aid and development, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, as well as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights. I am particularly interested in Canadian policy in relation to those topics.
Corporate Social Responsibly
English and French , espagnol / Spanish; portugais / Portuguese
COCKELL, John »
E-mail: jcockell@uOttawa.ca
United Nations peacekeeping, peacebuilding, conflict prevention, mediation, conflict management, and other peace operations in fragile and conflict states; ethnic conflict and ethnic nationalism; Kashmir; Kosovo; Darfur; Sudan; South Sudan; Somalia; India; complex peace operations planning and implementation; development aid and conflict; governance and conflict.
International terrorism
Polyethnic societies
CONACHER, Duff »
Faculty of Law, Common Law Section
E-mail: dconache@uottawa.ca
E-mail, Cell Telephone
All aspects of democratic reform and development and good government and clean politics in Canada and on an international level (elections, parties, political and government ethics, lobbying, parliament, political finance, access to information, policy development, legislative process and law and legal institutions and processes, political communications, open government, honesty in politics, roles of politicians and media, public administration, human rights protection and court processes) and Canadian Constitution and government accountability generally. All aspects of corporate responsibility (governance, transparency, ethics, shareholder rights, sustainabiliity), especially bank and financial institution accountability. All aspects of nonprofit sector (structure, governance, communications with public and media relations, advocacy, organizational behaviour and development, project management, relationship with government and political process overall. All aspects of civics education.
Ethics in international affairs
Finance law
International human rights law
Ontario politics
Organizational communications
Social politics
English and French , Spanish
DAGHER, Ruby »
Office: 613-562-5800, ext: 4049
E-mail: rdaghe3@uottawa.ca
Cell Telephone, Office Telephone
My research mainly focuses on the ability of post-conflict states to earn legitimacy from their citizens and the implications on the democratization of countries that experience conflict. Second, I focus on the manner in which development aid is provided and the manner in which the global governance system impacts the achievement of developmental results. Finally, I also focuses on the various conflicts in the Middle East.
English and French , Arabic
DE KERCKHOVE, Ferry »
Graduate School of Public and International Affairs
E-mail: ferry.de.kerckhove@uOttawa.ca
My diplomatic career has exposed me to the Muslim World (Iran, Pakistan, Indonesia) and to the Arab world (Egypt), as well as to Russia and to Security issues (NATO). Of course, with 38 years of experience in Foreign Affairs, I do have a solid background onn Canadian Foreign Policy. I have been involved in policy planning (both political and trade) for over 6 years during my career at DFAIT. I have contributed a number of TV and Radio interviews on issues related to all facets of my experience and have written a number of pieces and comments at conferences all over Canada and abroad. As the Executive Vice President of the Conference of Defence Associations Institute, and the co-author of "Canada's Strategic Outlook" of the CDAI for 2013 and 2014, I am also involved in Canada's defence policy. I write as well for CDFAI and for CIPS.
International communications
English and French , Spanish; some Russian
DENIS, Claude »
Vice-dean, Governance and Internationalization
Office: 613-562-5800 ext 3604
E-mail: cldenis@uOttawa.ca
Office Telephone
My research deals primarily with Canadian politics and with Mexican politics. On Canada, I work on aboriginal rights and politics, and on federal politics. On Mexico, I work on the democratic transition, aboriginal rights and human rights. My work often focusses on the relationship between law and politics, and media and politics
DESROSIERS, Marie-Eve »
E-mail: Marie-Eve.Desrosiers@uOttawa.ca
Marie-Eve Desrosiers is associate professor in the School of International Development and Global Studies. Her research focuses on the security of developing countries. She studies political crises and civil conflicts, the role of identity in contentious politics, state-society relations, as well as state fragility. Her most recent studies have examined episodes of political violence in Rwanda during the twentieth century. She also conducts research on Canadian foreign and international development policy. She was a founder of the francophone branch of the Canadian Consortium on Human Security and she regularly takes part in civil society activities pertaining to human security.
DORAN, Marie-Christine »
E-mail: mcdoran@uOttawa.ca
I work on the evolution of democracy and governance in Latin America. Themes such as : political changes (turn to the left), violence, justice and human rights, poverty, socio-political and religious movements, political legitimacy, as well as Latin America's relation with other parts of the world are my main areas.
Political violence
Trade/free trade
English and French , Espagnol
JOURDE, Cédric »
E-mail: cjourde@uottawa.ca
African politics, Islam in Africa, Sahel (Senegal; Mauritania; Mali), democratization, ethnic conflicts.
KATCHANOVSKI, Ivan »
E-mail: ikatchan@uOttawa.ca
Politics in Ukraine, Russia, and Moldova; politics of historical memory in Ukraine; politics of representation of Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Belarus and other post-communist countries in American, British, and Canadian media, movies, and public opinion
English only, Russian; Ukrainian
KRAKOVSKY, Roman »
Chair in Slovak History and Culture
E-mail: roman.krakovsky@uottawa.ca
Cell Telephone
Historian, specialist in Central and Eastern Europe. My work focuses on authoritarianism, the process of democratization, and populism.
Contemporary European History
English and French , Czech, Slovak
LALIBERTÉ, André »
E-mail: andre.laliberte@uOttawa.ca
E-mail, Office Telephone
My research is on the issue of relations between state and religion in the People's Republic of China, Taiwan, and Eats Asia, within the contexts of an analysis of social policy and welfare regimes, the study of identity politics and nationalism, and the examination of political change.
English and French , Mandarin
LEGRENZI, Matteo »
E-mail: matteo.legrenzi@uOttawa.ca
Conflicts and security in the Middle East. Arab-Israeli Conflict. Conflict in the Persian Gulf. Iran, Gulf monarchies (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait) Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Middle East and on the Korean peninsula. Terrorism and sub-state actors. Political Economy of Middle East Oil. Politics and International Relations of the Middle East. Regionalism and Regionalization.
English only, Italien/Italian, Arabe/Arabic
MASSICOTTE, Marie-Josée »
Director, Institute of Feminist and Gender Studies
E-mail: massicot@uOttawa.ca
My research looks at social movements and networks of civil society actors promoting food sovereignty, social and environmental justice. I am particularly interested in peasant and citizen movements in Brazil and Mexico involved with La Via Campesina and the World Social Forum (WSF). My work seeks to better understand how these actors are promoting and putting into practice alternative models of agriculture and economic development that take into account the needs and hopes of local communities and their environment.
Peasant movements
MENDES, Errol »
Former Director, Human Rights Research and Education Centre
E-mail: emendes@uOttawa.ca
E-mail, Cell Telephone, Office Telephone
Globalization, United Nations, foreign policy, international law and human rights,law and policy on anti-terrorism, Constitutional law, including the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Private and Public Sector governance, including issues relating to accountability, transparency and integrity.
International trade and environment
OGUAMANAM, Chidi »
Office: 613 562 5800 (7742)
E-mail: coguaman@uottawa.ca
My interest is in examining how intellectual property rights or legal frameworks for governance and protection of knowledge have diverse impacts on many spheres, including but not limited to agriculture, food security, biotechnology, biodiversity conservation, biosafety, human rights (access to health, education and benefits of technology/scientific advancements, etc). I am also concerned with the nature of interaction or impact that intellectual property rights have in regard to developmental aspirations of marginalized peoples, especially indigenous and local communities across the globe. Most of my work focus on mapping and understanding the interface of intellectual property and development. I also work within the broader international political relations of power between Africa, indeed, the global south and the global north.
New agricultural production techniques
English only, Igbo
ORSINI, Michael »
Vice-Dean, Graduate Studies
E-mail: morsini@uOttawa.ca
I am a political scientist who is interested in health politics and health policy. I have specific interests in how citizens can affect health policy issues. I am especially interested in illnesses that affect marginalized communities, such as HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C. I am currently completing a SSHRC-funded project on "contested illnesses", including autism and Multiple Chemical Sensitivities. My non-health related interests include methods of citizen engagement and citizen participation, the role of the voluntary sector, and the influence of interest groups and social movements.
Health communications
SIMARD, Louis »
E-mail: lsimard@uOttawa.ca
Public policies, environment, energy, public participation, instruction of public action
Decision analysis
Energy (electricity, oil, natural gas)
Français seulement
STEELE, Jackie F. »
E-mail: jstee030@uOttawa.ca
Political representation (women/minorities), comparative electoral systems, democratic deficit, quota laws, electoral reform, liberal/republican theories of citizenship, democratic institutions, Charter of Rights and Freedoms, family law, same-sex marriage, women's equality concerns in Canada, Québec and Japan. Canadian Politics and Parliamentary Processes (Canada, Japan)
Comparative Electoral Systems Design and Representational Quotas Women, Politics, Public Policies (Canada, Quebec, Japan) Constitutionalism, Federalism, and Multinational Democracy Equality, Diversity and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms Feminist Movement Activism in Canada, Quebec and Japan Feminist Theory, Neo-Republicanism, and Critical Democratic Theories Theory/Practice of Political Liberty in Contemporary Constitutional Democracies
Feminist politics and theory
Women and law
English and French , Japanese/Japonais
TELLIER, Geneviève »
Office: 613 562-5800 (4487)
E-mail: gtellier@uottawa.ca
My main area of expertise is the study of budgetary policies and public finances of federal and provincial governments (with a focus, yet not exclusively, on Ontario, Quebec and British Colombia). I am also interested in the study of democratic institutions (such as Parliament, public consultations mechanisms) and political actors (political parties, independent parliamentary officers) that influence public budgetary choices. My research also leads me to analyse current events occurring on the political scene (especially electoral campaigns and opinion polls)
WESTHEIMER, Joel »
University Research Chair
Cell: Contact Media team
E-mail: joelw@uottawa.ca
Relationship of schooling to society, social norms; education and democracy; teachers' workplace environment; civic education; service learning; politics and education; youth civic engagement and activism; different philosophies of education; testing, standards, and "accountability''.
ZUERCHER, Christoph »
Dr / professor
E-mail: christoph.zuercher@uOttawa.ca
Peacebuilding, Statebuilding, International Development, Aid, Aid effectiveness, Conflict Civil Wars
Regions: Central Asia, Caucasus, Afghanistan, Former Soviet Union, Russia
English only, German; Russian
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Rev Cekemp and some of the Brazlian crew work this place. From what I can see, via Google Translate, it looks good.
They're looking at least as numerous as the British Discordians, if not more so...I suspect there is something in the water over there.
Infamous British sense of humour, I guess.
The thought that there are discordians who don't speak my language is kinda exciting.
It's going to be interesting to see if the language barriers reinforce sticking apart or not.


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This unusual orchid is ideal for the enthusiast. The slender-petalled, wax-like flowers are an interesting mix of green, plum and purple-blue and they produce a fresh, sweet scent in the early morning, while the green foliage is often infused with black spots and streaks. Please note that the pot in the photograph is not supplied with the plant (which is sent out in a black plastic pot). They do however make excellent potted plants, and if you wish to pot yours up, we do have a wide range of pots on our website to choose from.