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Fermentation on fire: US retail sales of kombucha and other fermented beverages surged 37.4% in 2017
By Elaine Watson contact
13-Feb-2018 - Last updated on 19-Feb-2018 at 15:25 GMT
Related tags: Alcoholic beverage
US retail sales of refrigerated kombucha and other fermented beverages surged 37.4% to $556m* in 2017, in part at the expense of shelf-stable coconut water, sales of which were down 7.4% over the same period, delegates were told at the 5th annual KombuchaKon conference.
Speaking to assembled kombucha brands, equipment makers, ingredients suppliers, and fermented beverage enthusiasts in Long Beach at the event - organized by Kombucha Brewers International (KBI) - SPINS director of sales Bobbi Leahy said sales grew in double digits across all channels.
However, they were particularly strong (+46%) in the conventional (MULO) and convenience channel, which combined, now account for 69% of kombucha and other fermented beverage sales [eg. switchel, apple cider vinegar etc] compared with 53% in 2014 as the fermented tea beverage becomes more mainstream, she added.
"We've only just started looking at the consumer panel data to determine switching behavior, but shelf-stable coconut water seems to be suffering a bit while kombuchas have benefited."
Within the natural channel, the top five brands (GT's, KeVita, Health Ade, Brew Dr and Live Soda) all notched up double-digit growth in 2017, while several new players also entered the category, including Suja, Bambucha Kombucha and Shen Zen Tea, while Suja, Farmhouse Culture, Goodbelly. Goodwolf, Lifeway and BluePrint Juice also entered the other fermented beverages segment, she noted.
"There has been a healthy influx of new players into the segment."
Overall non-alcoholic beverage sales were up a 'lackluster' 1.2% in 2017
To put this growth rate in perspective, the overall non-alcoholic beverages market grew "a lackluster" 1.2% in 2017, with growth driven by natural and organic beverages (+10.8% to $6.4bn) and specialty and wellness beverages (+1.7% to $25.2bn), while 'conventional' beverages edged up just 0.1% to $54.6bn, she said.
"Consumers are voting with their dollars. All the growth is coming from natural and specialty products, and space is being shifted from more conventional products to natural and specialty."
Within the natural beverage set, the fastest growing category in 2017 was shelf-stable performance beverages (+85.5%), followed by shelf-stable sparkling flavored beverages (+46.4%), refrigerated kombucha and fermented beverages (+37.4%), refrigerated RTD coffee (+35.6%) and shelf-stable RTD tea (+10.8%), said Leahy.
Kombucha sales remain strongest on the west coast
Within kombucha – sales of which are still strongest in the west coast (the top five cities for kombucha sales in 2017 were San Diego, Seattle, Portland, San Francisco and Spokane) - the top 10 brands now account for 96% of retail sales in the conventional channel and almost 90% of sales in the natural channel, with ginger (#1) and berries (#2) the top two flavor profiles.
Prices have softened a little in conventional and natural channels, with unit sales growth slightly outstripping dollar sales growth, and velocity up 1% and 5% respectively, added Leahy.
"How can you position kombucha as a healthier alternative to soda?"
The fifth annual KombuchaKon event featured an exhibition and conference at the Long Beach Convention Center in Los Angeles
What is kombucha?
But what, exactly, is kombucha?
It's typically defined as a fermented tea, whereby firms brew some tea, add some sugar, and then ferment the mixture with a kombucha culture or 'SCOBY' (symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast), which creates, among other things, carbon dioxide (explaining why kombucha is a bit fizzy), alcohol, acetic acid (explaining the slightly sour, vinegary taste) and other organic acids such as lactic acid, propionic acid, glucuronic acid and gluconic acid.
Individual brands may also add herbs, adaptogens such as reishi and ashwaganda, botanicals, fruit juice concentrates, and other ingredients, before or after the fermentation.
The devil, however, is in the detail, with some companies making a virtue of the fact that their kombucha is 'raw' (a term not clearly defined in law), and others heat pasteurizing their products (in part to create a consistent product with an alcohol level below the legal threshold of 0.5% abv throughout the shelf life) and adding in well-characterized strains of probiotics afterwards, for example.
Some firms use micro-filtration techniques to filter out some yeast (to stop the product continuing to ferment in the bottle and increasing the alcohol content), while others (Brew Dr Kombucha, Aqua ViTea) distill off some alcohol after the fermentation.
Some brands such as Suja use a low heat, which they claim kills off residual yeast, but does not destroy beneficial bacteria remaining in the brew post fermentation. Still others now combine kombucha with coffee, honey, coconut water or other bases, generating an intense debate within the industry as to what, exactly, 'authentic' kombucha is, and who should decide.
KombuchaKon is organized by Kombucha Brewers International (KBI), a non profit [501 (C) (6)] trade association committed to promoting and protecting commercial kombucha brewers around the world
Points of tension
One thing all stakeholders we spoke to at KombuchaKon were clear about was that they do not want regulators to come in and define the category, but instead want the industry to come to some kind of consensus such that it can present a united front to the FDA.
Kombucha Brewers International (KBI) - the non-profit trade association behind KombuchaKon - has been engaging with members to develop a working definition of kombucha, but has not yet nailed down a definition everyone is happy with.
Right now, KBI board member Zane Adams from Buchi Kombucha told FoodNavigator-USA, many members want kombucha defined as an unpasteurized, raw, microbiologically active tea fermented with a SCOBY, and think products that are heat pasteurized (with added probiotics added post fermentation), or those that use coffee or other non-tea products as a base, or tea powders and concentrates as opposed to brewed tea, or "who are not using a SCOBY at all," should not be considered 'kombucha,' or should be described as, for example, 'coffee-kombucha beverage,' 'kombucha drink' or 'kombucha beverage.'
However, no clear consensus was reached during a members' meeting at KombuchaKon on Sunday morning, he said.
"It's an open conversation as we want to come up with something that protects the integrity of the products we have now but does not stifle creativity in the future."
"The law that put 0.5% ABV in place came about during Prohibition and was not based on any scientific study or process, which is how this unintended consequence has occurred.
"The Cullen-Harrision Act which ended Prohibition 'legalized the sale in the United States of beer with an alcohol content of 3.2% (by weight) and wine of similarly low alcohol content, thought to be too low to be intoxicating.'
"Kombucha is a healthy food like all fermented foods. People do not look to kombucha to get intoxicated and in fact, many do the exact opposite and use it as a substitute for intoxicating beverages. So the exception is a technical correction to update this unintended consequence."
Hannah Crum, co-founder, Kombucha Brewers International
Sugar and alcohol
As to how different players are controlling sugar and alcohol levels in kombucha products (once above 0.5% abv, kombucha is classified as an alcoholic beverage and taxed accordingly), KBI members are deploying a variety of tactics, said Adams, although the KBI has been encouraging members of Congress to back a bill (the Kombucha Act) that would raise the threshold to 1.25%.
"There have definitely been some growing pains in the industry [over the sugar/alcohol issue], and we've been working with the TTB [Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau - which took a close interest in the category in 2010, prompting a high-profile withdrawal of kombucha products in Whole Foods] and the AOAC to discuss ethanol [alcohol] testing protocols."
Whether 0.5% is a reasonable, or outdated and draconian, threshold, depends on your perspective, but as things stand today, said experts at analytical testing labs at the event, if you were to pull a random selection of kombucha products off the shelf towards the end of their shelf life at many retailers, you would likely find multiple products with an alcohol content above 0.5%.
Sugar levels have also been shown to differ from those stated on pack.
"Where people are often getting into trouble is when they are back-sweetening products [post fermentation] in order to appeal to a more mainstream consumer base, and the fermentation is continuing in the bottle," added one industry source at the event.
"There are lots of ways to maintain a flavor/sweetening profile that's acceptable while at the same time controlling the alcohol level, but not everyone is getting this right."
Is heat the enemy?
Similarly, heat is not necessarily the enemy that some purists claim, added another analytical lab source: "If you heat up to around 100 or even 130 degrees fahrenheit or so for 30 seconds, you can selectively remove 99% of the yeast without damaging the beneficial bacteria you might want to keep in the product, for example.
"Or you can filter out some yeast, or add micro-organisms back in that won't ferment and increase the alcohol level. You can also pick ingredients that add to the flavor and sweetness but are not fermentable, or not as fermentable."
He added: "I saw a lot of the same arguments going on in the early days in the craft beer industry, where you'd get a vocal minority of people rejecting everything that the big brands were doing, when in fact they could learn a lot from them when it came to quality control, even if they do a better job on flavor."
However, killing off yeast - even if bacteria is not impacted - is not ideal, said KBI co-founder Hannah Crum: "The yeast contain nutrition in living form - notably B vitamins, think nutritional yeast - so heat killing off the yeast does impact the nutritional profile of the product."
Read more on FoodNavigator-USA tomorrow about claims firms are making about kombucha - and other beverages - and how to avoid legal hot water.
*Total retail sales are likely much higher after you include data from retailers such as Costco and Whole Foods that don't share their sales with the market researcher, she added.
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Note: 40 lines; burden lacking.
Nott, G. F. The Works of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey and of Sir Thomas Wyatt the Elder. London, 1816: 2.262.
Foxwell, Agnes Kace. The Poems of Sir Thomas Wiat. London: University of London, 1933: 1.354.
Tillyard, Eustace, and Mandeville Wetenhall, eds. The Poetry of Sir Thomas Wyatt. London: Chatto and Windus, 1929: 126.
Muir, Kenneth. Collected Poems [Sir Thomas Wyatt]. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1950: 54-5.
Greene, Richard Leighton. "Wyatt's 'I am as I am' in Carol-form." Review of English Studies n.s. 15 (1964): 175-80: 176.
Bender, Robert M. Five Courtier Poets of the English Renaissance. New York, 1967: 128.
MacQueen, John, ed. Ballattis of Luve. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 1970: 65.
Daalder, Joost. Sir Thomas Wyatt: Collected Poems. Oxford: Clarendon, 1975: 179.
Murdoch, James Barclay. The Bannatyne Manuscript. 4 vols. in 11 parts, paged continuously. Hunterian Club 16, 32, 40, 46, 50, 55-56, 64-67 Glasgow: Anderson, 1873-1896: 3.731.
Ritchie, W. Tod, ed. The Bannatyne Manuscript. 4 parts in 4 vols. Scottish Text Society 3rd ser. 5 (1928); n.s. 22 (1928); n.s. 23 (1930); n.s. 26 (1934) Edinburgh and London: Blackwood, 1928-34; ed. by Ritchie et al: 4.2-3.
Note: Omits burden and lines 1-8.
Muir, Kenneth. Unpublished Poems [by] Sir Thomas Wyatt and His Circle. English Reprints Series 18. Liverpool: Liverpool UP, 1961: 81-2.
Muir, Kenneth, and Patricia Thomson. Collected Poems of Sir Thomas Wyatt. Liverpool: Liverpool UP, 1969: 148.
Note: 16 lines added to flyleaf with burden 'Adew sewte…'.
Morford, John. Library Chronicle of the Friends of the University of Pennsylvania Library. 25 (1959):: 80.
Greene, Richard Leighton. "Wyatt's 'I am as I am' in Carol-form." Review of English Studies n.s. 15 (1964): 175-80: 176-7.
Morford, John. Library Chronicle of the Friends of the University of Pennsylvania Library. 25 (1959):: 80-3.
Mason, Harold Andrew. "'I Am As I Am.'" Review of English Studies n.s. 23 (1972): 304-08; repr. in Editing Wyatt. Cambridge, 1972: 304-8 (comp. text).


Discussion in 'General Electronics Chat' started by lesin akbar, Jan 9, 2008.
I've built a circuit containing AT89c51 along with 7 relays( for AC switching), relay is driven by ULN2003(12v). and the microcontroller is serially interfaced with the system. Now evrything works smoothly for "sometime". After that what happens no idea. If the ckt is restarted it works again. What could be the problem ? Ive noticed this thing in two other circuit also , that is when AC controlling comes, microcontroller goes MAD. Could it be solved by some sought of sheilding and all. In the earlier projects when this thing happend we completly isolated (perfect isolation) the motors and the ckt, all went in vain. Any one can please guide me ???????????
Please do not post multiple threads asking the same question.


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Britney Schmidt
Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
britneys@cornell.edu
Dr. Britney Schmidt joined the faculty of the Astronomy and Earth & Atmospheric Sciences at Cornell University as an Associate Professor having spent the past nearly 8 years as a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology. She and her team develop robotic tools and instruments and use spacecraft to study planets. Exploring Earth's ice shelves and glaciers and the oceans beneath them, Schmidt's team helps to capture the impacts of changing climate on the cryosphere, while understanding analogs for Ocean Worlds like Jupiter's moon Europa.
She received a B.S. in Physics from the University of Arizona, and PhD in Geophysics and Space Physics from UCLA. Schmidt has a long history of NASA spacecraft involvement, including the Dawn and Europa Clipper missions and the Europa Lander and LUVOIR Space Telescope mission concepts. She has conducted seven field seasons in Antarctica and one in the Arctic leading large science and technology programs. Her team's most recent projects have deployed the Icefin vehicle, built in her lab, to explore underneath the McMurdo and Ross Ice Shelf (NASA project RISE UP) and Thwaites Glacier, one of the fastest changing glaciers in Antarctica (NERC-NSF ITGC). She'll be joining the symposium on the tail end of a campaign to explore ground ice and water in Pingos in the Arctic—analogs for features on Mars and asteroids that may represent future in situ water resources, which the team will explore with candidate instruments for future robotic lander and human exploration.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


It's not even hump day as I write and already I'm feeling depleted. I know it goes with the territory as a new mum but this week has been particularly irksome. Monday didn't start well as I ended up wading through a pool of water in the early hours to make a feed for Sonny. Every available clean and dirty towel was on the kitchen floor, while the water had to be turned off. Not ideal when you've bottles, dishes and laundry baskets brimming with clothes to wash. Luckily, it was an easy fix for the plumber and normal service resumed – until the Tommee Tippee machine threw a strop. Now, this is akin to hell when you've a hungry, screaming baby.
Please no, not the Perfect Prep!
Thankfully, hubby wasn't too far away. "What do I do?!" I wail, having depended on this magic machine for four months. "Try turning it off," he offers. I do this, seems to work for most things, and hallelujah – it does the trick. However, it's still playing up. I call the Tommee Tippee helpline and the female voice tells me to shake the machine. Odd, but okay. I do shake it, and enjoy the feeling it gives me and refrain from hurling it across the room. Sadly, it's still not working properly so I'm going to have to read the bloody instructions on the pack to make it myself, aren't I? No way. I call again. The helpful and understanding lady agrees to send me out a new one, convinced I'm not trying to wangle a freebie. Sonny is gurning in the background, that must have done it.
They say bad things happens in threes. I also got a bill asking for money I don't have. The only money I have goes on baby stuff, coffee and wine. So, you can join an orderly queue.
I'm feeling a little better now I've that got the above off my chest. and there's been lots of adorable moments with my little one to savour. Like when Sonny shrieks with glee when he sees me, or puts his tiny little hands around my neck while I jiggle him about. I turn to a sentimental blob of jelly when I watch my hubby use Sonny as a human weight while doing squats. Sonny loves it, grinning widely at me as I sit on the sofa, typing this. It's as if to say, "Daddy is so much cooler than you mummy." He'd be right. I still don't feel like myself, whatever that is. I don't even know that girl, the one I was before Sonny. My life before him doesn't seem to matter, what does is the present and the future. My sister says I am a lot more "present" since Sonny came along. That's a lovely thing. I've spent so much of my life never really being in the moment, always in my head, ruminating, analysing, fretting. In this age, where people live their lives on social media, being in the present is everything. It makes you grateful, and thankful for everything and everyone in your life.
Right, that felt like a therapy session. Is it wrong to have a glass of wine?!
Next Post → Seriously mum, you could really use a brush!


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Welcome Back & Faculty Fall Meeting
The Committee on Social Theory wants to invite everyone back for the 2016-2017 academic school year!
The fall meeting will feature introductions and information about this years upcoming events, including the Fall Distinguished Speaker, Dr. Elizabeth Shove. There will also be plenty of time for conversation and Q&A over a provided lunch.
Please RSVP by September 16th to Eva Hicks at eva.hicks@uky.edu
Monday, September 26, 2016 - 12:00pm to 1:30pm
Niles Gallery
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The Committee on Social Theory Presents: Richard Wolff
March 25th, Richard Wolff, Professor of Economics Emeritus, University of Massachusetts, Amherst; Visiting Professor, Graduate Program in International Affairs, The New School. Lecture will be held in the Young Library Auditorium, William T. Young Library. Reception to follow at 5:30 p.m. in the Gaines Center Commonwealth House.
"Capitalism vs Democracy: Facing/Solving the Contradiction."
Read more about The Committee on Social Theory Presents: Richard Wolff
The Committee on Social Theory Presents: Dr. Lori Watson
02/05/2016 Lori Watson
The Committee on Social Theory is excited to announce the first lecturer of the Spring Lecture Series, Lori Watson. Lori Watson is Associate Professor of Philosophy and director of the Gender Studies Program, University of San Diego. Dr. Watson's lecture will address "Sex Equality and Public Reason." Reception to follow at 5:30 p.m. in the Gaines Center Commonwealth House.
Read more about The Committee on Social Theory Presents: Dr. Lori Watson
The Committee on Social Theory Presents: Dr. Mahmood Mamdani
The Committee on Social Theory at The University of Kentucky is hosting Professor Mahmood Mamdani as its Fall Distinguished Speaker. On October 2, Dr. Mamdani will give a talk entitled "Political Violence and Political Justice: A Critique of Criminal Justice as Accountability." The talk will take place at 3:30 pm in the W.T. Young Library Auditorium.
Dr. Mamdani is a Professor of Anthropology, Political Science and African Studies at Columbia University. He is also the Herbert Lehman Professor of Government at Columbia University's School of Internal Affairs. Additionally, he is the Director of the Makerere Institute of Social Research in Kampala, Uganda.
A native of Uganda, Dr. Mamdani was awarded one of 26 scholarships to study in the United States when Uganda won its independence. After graduating from the University of Pittsburgh, Mamdani joined the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). He earned a Ph.D. from Harvard in 1972. While conducting dissertation research in Uganda he was expelled by Idi Amin. After the overthrow of Amin, Mamdani returned to Uganda, but his citizenship was eventually revoked as a result of his scholarship's criticism of the government. During his career Mamdani has been visiting professor at the University of Michigan, University of Durban-Westville, the Nuhru Memorial Museum and Library, and Princeton University. He was also the inaugural chair of African studies at the University of Cape Town.
Professor Mamdani's current work explores the intersection between politics and culture, a comparative study of colonialism since 1452, the history of civil war and genocide in Africa, the Cold War and the War on Terror, and the history and theory of human rights. His most recent book, Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror (2009), investigates how conflict in Darfur began as a civil war and transformed into a War on Terror.
Read more about The Committee on Social Theory Presents: Dr. Mahmood Mamdani
Geography & The Priority of Injustice
Justice has been a reference point for radical and critical geographers for more than 40 years. Geographers' engagements with issues of justice, however, have always been defined by wariness toward political philosophies of justice. These are variously considered too liberal, too distributive in their orientation, or too universalizing. The wariness, in short, indicates the parameters that define the prevalent spatial imaginary of radical and critical human geography: self-consciously oppositional, concerned with the production of structural relations, sensitive to context and difference. Barnett explore two overlapping strands of contemporary political philosophy and political theory that have recently developed arguments for 'the priority of injustice' in the elaboration of democratic theory.
Whitehall Classroom Bldg. - Room 214
Farr Shares a Different Side of Martin Luther King Jr.
Arnold Farr is UK Martin Luther King Jr. Cultural Center's Scholar-in-Residence
arnold farr
martin luther king jr cultural center
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Rebecca Lane
Ph.D. Student By Rebekah Tilley
Photos by Mark Cornelison
Culture expresses itself in a myriad of familiar ways – our music, fashion, entertainment, literature. Perhaps less noted is the way that culture impacts our bodies including the very manner we are brought into the world and the food that nourishes us during gout first year of life.
Read more about Rebecca Lane
James Looney
Social Theory Ph.D Student
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Notes from the field: electronic cigarette use among middle and high school students – united states, 2011-2012
Electronic cigarettes, or e cigarettes, are battery powered devices that provide doses of nicotine and other additives to the user in an aerosol. Depending on the brand, e cigarette cartridges typically contain nicotine, a component to produce the aerosol (e.g., propylene glycol or glycerol), and flavorings (e.g., fruit, mint, or chocolate) (1). Potentially harmful constituents also have been documented in some e cigarette cartridges, including irritants, genotoxins, and animal carcinogens (1). E cigarettes that are not marketed for therapeutic purposes are currently unregulated by the Food and Drug Administration, and in most states there are no restrictions on the sale of e cigarettes to minors. Use of e cigarettes has increased among U.S. adult current and former smokers in recent years (2) however, the extent of use among youths is uncertain.
Data from the 2011 and 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS), a school based, pencil and paper questionnaire given to U.S. middle school (grades 6 8) and high school (grades 9 12) students, were used to estimate the prevalence of ever and current ( 1 day in the past 30 days) use of e cigarettes, ever and current ( 1 day in the past 30 days) use of conventional cigarettes, and use of both. NYTS consists of a cross sectional, nationally representative sample of students in grades 6 12 from all 50 states and the District of Columbia (3).
During 2011 2012, among all students in grades 6 12, ever e cigarette use increased from 3.3&#37 to 6.8&#37 (p<0.05) (Figure) current e cigarette use increased from 1.1&#37 to 2.1&#37 (p<0.05), and current use of both e cigarettes and conventional cigarettes increased from 0.8&#37 to 1.6&#37 (p<0.05). In 2012, among ever e cigarette users, 9.3&#37 reported never smoking conventional cigarettes among current e cigarette users, 76.3&#37 reported current conventional cigarette smoking.
Among middle school students, ever e cigarette use increased from 1.4&#37 to 2.7&#37 during 2011 2012 (p<0.05) (Figure) current e cigarette use increased from 0.6&#37 to 1.1&#37 (p<0.05), and current use of both e cigarettes and conventional cigarettes increased from 0.3&#37 to 0.7&#37 (p<0.05). In 2012, among middle school ever e cigarette users, 20.3&#37 reported never smoking conventional cigarettes among middle school current e cigarette users, 61.1&#37 reported current conventional cigarette smoking.
Among high school students, ever e cigarette use increased from 4.7&#37 to 10.0&#37 during 2011 2012 (p<0.05) (Figure) current e cigarette use increased from 1.5&#37 to 2.8&#37 (p<0.05), and current use of both e cigarettes and conventional cigarettes increased from 1.2&#37 to 2.2&#37 (p<0.05). In 2012, among high school ever e cigarette users, 7.2&#37 reported never smoking conventional cigarettes among high school current e cigarette users, 80.5&#37 reported current conventional cigarette smoking.
E cigarette experimentation and recent use doubled among U.S. middle and high school students during 2011 2012, resulting in an estimated 1.78 million students having ever used e cigarettes as of 2012. Moreover, in 2012, an estimated 160,000 students who reported ever using e cigarettes had never used conventional cigarettes. This is a serious concern because the overall impact of e cigarette use on public health remains uncertain. In youths, concerns include the potential negative impact of nicotine on adolescent brain development (4), as well as the risk for nicotine addiction and initiation of the use of conventional cigarettes or other tobacco products.
CDC and the Food and Drug Administration will continue to explore ways to increase surveillance and research on e cigarettes. Given the rapid increase in use and youths' susceptibility to social and environmental influences to use tobacco, developing strategies to prevent marketing, sales, and use of e cigarettes among youths is critical.
Catherine Corey, MSPH, Baoguang Wang, MD, Sarah E. Johnson, PhD, Benjamin Apelberg, PhD, Corinne Husten, MD, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration. Brian A. King, PhD, Tim A. McAfee, MD, Rebecca Bunnell, PhD, Ren A. Arrazola, MPH, Shanta R. Dube, PhD, Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC. Corresponding contributor Brian A. King, baking , 770 488 5107.
Cobb NK, Byron MJ, Abrams DB, Shields PG. Novel nicotine delivery systems and public health the rise of the "e cigarette." Am J Public Health 2010 100 2340 2.
King BA, Alam S, Promoff G, Arrazola R, Dube SR. Awareness and ever use of electronic cigarettes among U.S. adults, 2010 2011. Nicotine Tob Res 2013 15 1623 7.
CDC. National Youth Tobacco Survey. Atlanta, GA US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC 2013. Available at
Dwyer JB, McQuown SC, Leslie FM. The dynamic effects of nicotine on the developing brain. Pharmacol Ther 2009 122 125 39.
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We investigated the time required for an accurate reading of the Landolt ring mark (diameter approximately 2.5 mm) for visual acuity testing in front of the vocal cords of an intubation training manikin.
We measured the time from moving the eyes from an anaesthetic monitor placed approximately 2 m away to reading the Landort ring mark in front of the glottis exposed by an Airtraq or Macintosh laryngoscope.
Less time was required to reach the correct answer using the Airtraq compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope in the presbyopic group (2.8 (0.7) s vs 6.2 (3.2) s, respectively, p < 0.05 using Student's t test).
These results suggest that in the presbyopic group, the magnified observation using the Airtraq makes it faster to read a Landolt ring mark placed in front of the vocal cords compared with direct observation using Macintosh laryngoscope.


Mentors and mentees – The story of a strong relationship.
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Plug & Play the Energy Saving Way.
If you need help, just holler!
Who is the weXelerate startup 2018? In order to answer this question we created the weXelerate Startup Award. More than 150 startups have participated in our three weXelerate Accelerator programs. All of them were evaluated by a top selected jury according to certain criteria. 14 startups were selected that way.
As a hub weXelerate has seen many startups grow, expand and realize great projects. However, it is always wonderful news and makes us proud to share success stories. The batch II alumni bsurance, an insurtech startup founded in 2017, has successfully completed its Series A financing round.


CASC held their 4th Long Course 50m Open Meet which was attended by 15 clubs from all over the Country at East Midland International Pool Corby. We offered a variety of swim events which proved highly popular as it was over subscribed. CASC had over 70 swimmers in attendance winning 34 Golds, 20 silvers and 15 bronze medal. Some swimmers gained further and new Regional Times with some amazing PB'S also.
The local Mayor of Corby Mohammed Rahman visited poolside and took the opportunity to meet some of the swimmers and officials. He spoke to the CASC team swimmers about the competition and chatted with the coaches about the success of CASC over the last few years. The Mayor had photo opportunities with Club President Howard Wilkinson, CASC Chairperson Jo Kendall, NASA President Gerald Battams and Long Life member/ASA President Brian Collis.


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Val and Bill Norrington are professional leatherworkers who established their first studio in North Wales, UK, in 1972. Val was born in Wrexham, Wales, and was a graduate of History at the University of Birmingham. In 1971, Val received a grant to pursue a further degree at the University of California, Berkeley. En route, she stopped off in Santa Barbara and met Bill, an American UCSB teaching assistant who was working on his Ph.D. in English. The marriage ceremony was performed on a Santa Barbara beach in 1972, and they "eloped" to North Wales and the world of crafts the same year.
"Candles in the Rain" was registered as their official business name in 1972 because they originally made candles to make ends meet, and because it sure rains in Wales! They worked with a variety of art/craft media for several years but ended up specializing in leatherwork from 1977 on. While in Wales, they supplied Heals and Liberty's of London, exported to several countries, were the subject of a BBC television documentary, were featured by leading UK fashion magazines, and had the honor of being complimented on their leatherwork by the Prince of Wales (Welsh Fair, 1979). The partnership is indebted to numerous UK organizations for supporting their fledgling efforts: The Council for Small Industries in Rural Areas (CoSIRA) for a loan towards the purchase of their original house and workshop in 1972; the Welsh Development Agency for a grant towards a new workshop in 1974; the Welsh Arts Council for a grant towards hiring an apprentice in 1976; the Welsh Tourist Board for a grant enabling them to exhibit in Berlin, West Germany for the 1979 "Welsh Week"; and the British Arts Council for a grant enabling them to represent the British Association of Designer Leatherworkers at the international "Leatherworks" conference in Adelaide, Australia, 1985.
In 1989 Val & Bill came full circle and moved back to Santa Barbara where they continue to challenge stereotypes concerning leather. Their latest work is primarily concerned with the sculptural nature of leather as a medium of artistic expression. Since 1983, they have been experimenting with "cuir bouilli" (Old French for "boiled leather"), a process of molding and hardening leather that dates back to the 13th century in terms of written references. The process was never spelled out, because medieval guilds were extremely secretive about their specific "recipes"–but it seems to have involved the use of boiling water and/or oil, and it was used to make everything from leather armor and cannon barrels to plates and "bottles" (as Shakespeare referred to them). Today, the technique is virtually unheard of, the only vestiges being the traditional use of water to soften leather so that it can be shaped or "lasted" by a saddler, shoemaker, or casemaker. Val and Bill have taken traditional water forming a step forward by going back to what "cuir bouilli" used to achieve–by using old fashioned boiling water and a modern blowtorch, they can not only mold the leather but can make it permanently hard as well.
All of their work is created in this manner, and each piece is "freeform," i.e., each piece is individually molded by hand without the aid of a machine or prefabricated mold. And each piece is designed and made by them, alone. Their use of color is also unorthodox. They combine traditional leather stains with modern acrylic pigments, they often overlay the two, and they enjoy experimenting with new color products. Most of the dyeing is done with an airbrush, but special effects are achieved by using everything from sponges and paintbrushes to "resist' and stencil techniques. Each piece is also given four coats of clear acrylic finish that is both water resistant and non-toxic (their bowls are ideal for anything from candy and crackers to potpourri and peanuts, their coasters will not be affected by water, and their wall pieces and garlands are easily cleaned with a damp cloth and/or vacuum cleaner). The leather they use is top grain, natural cowhide that is processed from what would otherwise be a waste product of the beef industry. They only use American leather, and they pay top dollar for premium hides because they know that quality materials translate into quality products.
Leather is a material that is not often thought of in terms of sculpture, but it is a medium that is "plastic," lightweight, durable, and ideally suited for use in three-dimensional work. Val and Bill hope that their original leather creations will not only dispel some of the modern stereotypes about leather, but will also encourage others to experiment with this versatile material that has been utilized by mankind since its inception. Their work is currently available in fine galleries and craft stores throughout the USA; commissions and orders are taken by appointment or via sales representatives only. The business name is still "Candles in the Rain," and the honeymoon is far from over!
"Candles in the Rain" is the name of a song that a lady named Melanie sang at the opening of the first Woodstock Festival in the 60's. It begins with a lot of soulful and warbling sound effects, moves into folk rap, and then, finally, explodes into an ecstasy of hippie-rock. I can now mock Melanie, but I still like her first big hit. If that doesn't make any sense to you, you are either too old or too young. And I'm not being critical, because I wasn't at the original Woodstock either.
"Raise the candles high…to stay dry against the rain…Some came to sing, some came to pray, some came to keep the dark away…" No matter what you think of the sound, Melanie vocalized a message which summed up an era. It was "us" against "them," light against dark, idealistic youth against the tyranny of the establishment. We were the new generation, we had a chance! "Candles in the Rain" was a song about idealism, faith, and revolution, about creating a flicker of moral light in the darkness of universal decadence.
Before I met my wife, I shared a student apartment near a California campus with a guy who turned out to be an acid freak and was into mysticism. He introduced me to Melanie's song. What he particularly liked about it was a reference in the song to Meher Baba. Meher Baba was an Indian mystic who promised to reveal the "truth" on his deathbed, but refused to speak in the meantime (literally–he never spoke, not even on his deathbed). I never figured out how Meher Baba got his message out so successfully, but he had a serious following at the time. Melanie's song was also about things that had no hope of realization, unless people believed in them enough. Like peace, like Meyer Baba finally speaking, like candles surviving in the rain.
We arrived on the doorstep of Val's parents in North Wales with no money, no realistic job prospects, and no real worries. After all, we were on our honeymoon, young, in love, and had both been to college. But, when a dozen academic job applications on my part went unanswered, Val took matters into her own fair hands and made a few sand candles in her parents' tiny back yard.
We took our candles to a local tourist trap, timidly showed them to the buyer of the first shop we came to, and were stunned when we not only sold all we had but were also given our first ever order for more! Who could resist such a lure? Getting paid for having fun, getting orders for unforeseen fun, and not having to worry about a salaried job was a prospect that few people our age were ever offered. We took the bait, gladly.
We made our first commercial candles in an outdoor sandbox in North Wales. And it rains a lot in Wales. And Melanie's song still rang in our heads. We chose "Candles in the Rain" as a business name, because it linked our past with our present, it combined literal meaning with allusion, and it summed up our aspirations. Val and I made candles in North Wales for five years. We were the first sand candle makers in all of the UK in the early 70s, and we made a lot of money. And we gave it all up without regret.
The rot began when we first approached the big suppliers and makers for both materials and advice. One senior salesman seriously advised us to buy premises that we didn't really want and then to have a "convenient fire"–the insurance would cover it and allow us to go wherever we wanted. After all, that's what his company had done. And what candle making operation has not had a fire? We were horrified. Not only could we not conceive of committing fraud or arson, particularly in or on premises that we dearly loved, but Val was terrified of fire.
"Candles in the Rain" specialized in candles that were carved, layered, and unusually shaped–all things that mass producers had little time for. Our specialty was sand candles that the big boys wouldn't touch. We made two tier "owl" candles, we carved Celtic designs, we hand dipped mushroom shapes, we made our own molds, and we became clever at recycling waste into high ticket, one-off designs. The backyard business grew into a serious production unit with thermostatically controlled wax tanks, two ton deliveries of wax each month, industrial propane tanks, and up to 6 employees. Hey! We were making money!
But we both became unhappy. Between the employees and the volume of orders, we found ourselves working one hundred hour weeks, overloaded with paperwork which had more to do with the workers than our actual hands-on business, and increasingly worried about what that scumbag salesman had originally hinted at–fire.
So, with the perverse logic that only an artist/craftsperson can defend, we phased out candle making in favor of leatherwork. After all, Val had been a tailoress and was good at design, Bill was fairly good at tooling and carving leather, and leatherwork was a lot more challenging than candle making. We began with a range of belts and handbags that were cut, decorated, dyed, finished, and assembled entirely by hand. Our first primitive efforts were so incredibly successful on a commercial level that we dropped candle making entirely.
But the horses we changed in midstream were not all that different. Making belts by hand is no more exciting than making candles by hand, and aniline dyes and leather finishes pose a long term health risk which certainly rivals the immediate risks inherent in candle making. Of course, it took us a long time to discover all this, never mind acknowledge it. The real difference was the material itself–and the challenge it presented.
We were woefully ignorant about our chosen material when we took up leatherwork. We liked it because of its age-old tradition, because it was about as "natural" as you could get (after clay and wood), and because it was durable. And the challenge of learning about tanning, currying, dyeing, finishing, and working leather was an added incentive, from our innocent perspective.
The first major change which we, as neophyte leatherworkers, noticed was that the cost of our raw materials was a lot higher than those involved in candle making. Worse still, the raw materials varied greatly in quality, price, and consistency of supply. The second major shock was the discovery that mass production techniques offered a serious alternative to our meticulously hand-made efforts.
But we believed that the public would appreciate, and pay for, the difference between machine embossing and hand carving, between machine sewing and saddle stitching. We believed that until, like John Henry, we nearly died with our tools in our hands. By the mid 80's, Val and I were at our wits end trying to survive off leatherwork, trying to defy recession. We had experimented with almost every traditional leather work technique and had even come up with some new ones. We represented British leatherwork at an international conference in Australia, we were featured twice in a leading fashion magazine, we exhibited our work in Holland and Germany, and our work was included in a major Welsh Arts Council exhibition. But you can't live on applause.
In 1986, Val put her foot down and announced that she would rather be poor and warm than poor and cold. We moved back to California the following year. It was, after all, Val's turn to live in an exotic, foreign country.
Once again, I submitted academic job applications with no success. Perhaps my lack of references as a self-employed person was the problem, perhaps I shouldn't have mentioned fourteen years of being a leatherworker in North Wales. I decided to opt for local expertise and sent my resume to a professional for rewriting and tailoring.
When my polished resume came back with "Wales" spelt as "Whales," I put my foot down along side of Val's, and "Candles in the Rain" went back into business on its own out of sheer defiance. What irritated us was the fact that most Americans had heard of Wales, but didn't know where it was, never mind how to spell it. But we knew and could never forget. Candles in the rain.


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Brigitte Nielsen Claims She Had a 'One-Night Stand' with Sean Penn to 'Get Back' at Madonna
Ale Russian
People 13 November 2019
Brigitte Nielsen did not take it lightly when she felt Madonna was acting rudely towards her.
The actress appeared on The Talk on Monday where she recalled an alleged encounter with the iconic singer that left her feeling vengeful. It all went down when the two were at the same club in the late '80s, and Nielsen felt Madonna was disrespecting her.
"In 1987, I was in a club downtown with her and she kept stepping on my feet," Nielsen, 56, said on the daytime talk show.
"She was very rude and I ended up giving her a slap across the face," she added, claiming that she was escorted out of the club for her actions.
RELATED: Brigitte Nielsen Admits She's 'Been With a Lot of Strange Men' But Is Finally Happy in Love
But that wasn't all. According to Nielsen, she got her revenge on the Material Girl behind closed doors.
"The best part is yet to come: A couple months later in the south of France, I got back at her for being rude [by] having a one-night stand with Sean Penn," she said.
A rep for Penn didn't immediately respond to PEOPLE's request for comment.
Madonna, 61, and Penn, 59, had a volatile and highly publicized marriage from 1985 to 1989.
Penn and Madonna's marriage often featured allegations of assault, with Madonna even filing an assault complaint against the actor toward the end of their marriage.
But the singer later defended her ex-husband in 2015 while he was embroiled in a legal batter with director and filmmaker Lee Daniels. Madonna issued statements in support of Penn for his $10 million defamation suit against Daniels, who accused the actor of hitting women.
RELATED: Madonna Defends Ex-Husband Sean Penn in His Defamation Suit Against Lee Daniels: 'He Never Physically Assaulted Me'
"While we certainly had more than one heated argument during our marriage, Sean has never struck me, 'tied me up,' or physically assaulted me, and any report to the contrary is completely outrageous, malicious, reckless and false," Madonna said in her affidavit obtained by PEOPLE at the time.
Nielsen gave birth to her fifth child, daughter Frida, in June 2018. She's currently married to Italian model Mattia Dessi, 40.


According to our records, Mountain View Manor provides Nursing Care to seniors in Prescott, AZ. This senior care facility is located at 1045 Sandretto Dr. You can find out where Prescott is located with the map of Prescott, AZ below. Look for the red pin, and see other nearby communtiies that are marked with yellow pins when they are available. Other than these facts, we can't really say much about this care provider, but we can tell you more about the types of senior care that Mountain View Manor is said to provide.
Nursing Care : Nursing Homes are a type of senior housing that typically offer a wide range of healthcare services, including the services of on-site doctors and other medical professionals, as well as traditional senior housing services like meal service, personal assistive care, housekeeping and more. Check with Mountain View Manor to find out what services they provide.
Do you represent this community? If you represent Mountain View Manor, learn about how you can add photos and customize this page by advertising with SeniorHousingNet.
SeniorHousingNet.com provides all the available details for facilities or services that Mountain View Manor provides at 1045 Sandretto Dr, Prescott, AZ, 86305. Mountain View Manor provides Nursing Care for seniors in Prescott, AZ. We invite you to contact Mountain View Manor for specific questions. However, for a quick overview, explore the above community details like amenities and room features to get a sense of what services and activities are available. After you browse the community photos, read the latest articles related to senior living. Search SeniorHousingNet.com for additional senior housing options near 1045 Sandretto Dr.


I believe this exhibition is a must-see for every designer and artist. A comprehensive selection from Pop Art era, divided into a sections of movements, interests and influences and spread over two floors.
I was blown away by the quality of this exhibition. I obviously expected to see the work of Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein, but seeing how Pop Art influenced more then just a graphic work — such as furniture, textile and magazine design — was very eye-opening. Seeing work of Richard Hamilton and Charles and Ray Eames amongst others was great, but for me, nothing would beat the fact of seeing the real 1972 New York subway map by Massimo Vignelli, Bob Dylan poster by Milton Glaser and Broadway by Light movie by William Klein.
For me, the real fantastic 'find' was work of Alexander Girard, the american designer, with the fields of work covering interior design, toy design, textile design and industrial design. He is probably best known for textile design for Herman Miller and Charles and Ray Eames. But my most appreciated work of his is the La Fonda del Sol restaurant in New York from 1960. He 'covered' the exterior and interior in typography. Seeing the large hand-drawn dummy was like a typographic heaven. It's worth going to see it.
Massimo Vignelli map image credit.
Alexander Girard La Fonda del Sol image credit.


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Sir David Amess supports Animal Welfare (Sentencing) Bill
On the 10th July, the second reading of the Animal Welfare (Sentencing) Bill took place in the House of Commons. This essential bill raises the maximum sentence for individuals found guilty of animal cruelty from six months, and an unlimited fine, to 5 years; far beyond the European average of 2.04 years. This will address the issue of lenient sentencing for cases of heinous cruelty to animals, and bring the maximum sentence in line with the opinions of a country which has always led the way on animal welfare.
Sir David has passionately promoted animal welfare ever since he was first elected as an MP in 1983. It was no different during the second reading, as he said how glad he was that the House finally had "the chance to support such a positive piece of legislation". Sir David celebrated the United Kingdom's "historical championing of animal welfare" and the effect the bill will have on raising "the profile of animal welfare as an issue", whilst seeking assurance that there will be sufficient resources in place to effectively enforce the new law on animal welfare.
Hoping to be in the statute books in the very near future, this piece of legislation will ensure that perpetrators of animal cruelty are brought to justice.


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The unique dual flow design maximises the amount of water available.
Uses a sturdy powder coated steel spring to powerfully clamp on to the outboards leg and seal the rubber, maximising water pressure.
Supplied with a standard quick connect hose fitting. Suitable for large hp outboard motors requiring greater water flow for flushing.


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Esther Garcia
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Julieta Review
Iconic Spanish filmmaker Pedro Almodovar is back with another powerfully complex female-centred drama, along the lines of Volver or All About My Mother. Its punchy emotional rhythms are deeply involving, while the film's visual style creates an atmosphere of mystery and suspense as a woman deals with parenthood, love and death over two decades.
Julieta (Emma Suarez) is a high-powered middle-aged woman in Madrid who has just agreed to move with her writer boyfriend Lorenzo (Dario Grandinetti) to Portugal. But a series of events changes her mind, and she instead drops out of her life, consumed with thoughts about her daughter Antia (Bianca Peres), who wants nothing to do with her. As she flashes back to life as a young woman (now Adriana Ugarte), she relives her romance with the rugged fisherman Xoan (Daniel Grao) and his close friend Ava (Inma Cuesta). And thinking about all of these people who have come and gone from her life clarifies her resolve.
The film is based on three Alice Munro stories, which is what gives it such a swirling, layered quality as the characters spiral around each other. Almodovar keeps the tone intimate and openly emotional, adding vivid visual flourishes in clever camerawork and striking splashes of primary colours (mainly reds and blues). Thankfully, this isn't a downbeat movie; it's a celebration of how various aspects of love touch our life. The focus is on the seasons of Julieta's face, and both Suarez and Ugarte are transparent in the role, seamlessly merging their performances to create a woman who understands that, even with people around you, you're essentially alone in life. Meanwhile, all of the supporting actors create remarkable inner lives for their characters that make them unusually vivid.
Continue reading: Julieta Review
Wild Tales Review
By Rich Cline
From Argentina, this Oscar-nominated collection of six short, sharp stories leaves us gasping for breath due to both riotous black comedy and deeply unnerving plot twists. Each segment is about people who are pushed beyond the tipping point, finding revenge in an unexpected way that feels both deeply horrifying and disturbingly satisfying. And even though it sometimes veers wildly close to being over-the-top, the film is written, directed and played with such brutal honesty that it can't help but rattle us to the core.
The prologue is titled "Pasternak", set on an airplane on which passengers are surprised to find out that they all have a connection to Gabriel Pasternak. But what does he have in store for them all? Next is "The Rats", set in a roadside diner where waitress Moza (Julieta Zylberberg) is unnerved to serve a loan shark (Cesar Bordon) who destroyed her family. The chef (Rita Cortese) thinks she should poison his food. "The Strongest" follows Diego (Leonardo Sbaraglia), a wealthy man driving his shiny car down a highway when he comes up to Mario (Walter Donado) hogging the road with his rattling clunker. Passing him with a volley of obscenities, Diego is then horrified when he has a flat tyre and knows who's coming down the road behind him.
The fourth clip is "Little Bomb", about demolition expert Simon (Ricardo Darin), who engages the city's bureaucrats in a quickly escalating war when his car is erroneously towed for parking illegally. "The Proposal" is the most cerebral segment, centring on a wealthy man (Oscar Martinez) trying to clear his teen son (Alan Daicz), who has just run down a pregnant woman in the street. The idea is to find a scapegoat. And in "Until Death Parts Us", a bride (Erica Rivas) discovers in the middle of their marriage reception that her new husband (Diego Gentile) has been cheating on her. Her reaction is neither calm nor measured.
Continue reading: Wild Tales Review
I'm So Excited! [Los Amantes Pasajeros] Review
Fans of more recent Almodovar films like The Skin I Live In or Volver should be warned about this one, because it harks back to his much cheesier 1980s films with its broad comedy, lurid production values and camp characters. But even if it looks fluffy and silly, there are some serious things going on under the surface, as Almodovar undermines stereotypes and plays with sexuality issues. Although this means that most of the humour is aimed at a gay audience.
It all takes place on a flight from Spain to Mexico, but shortly after take-off the pilot (de la Torre) announces that a mechanical fault means they need to make an emergency landing. Then the passenger Bruna (Duenas) reveals that she's a virginal psychic who sees death ahead, and everyone starts to panic. The flight crew (Camara, Areces and Arevalo) try to distract the passengers from impending doom by performing a choreographed number to the Pointer Sisters' eponymous hit. And when that doesn't work, they lace everyone's drinks with mescaline.
Each person in the first class cabin (economy is sound asleep) has his or her own crisis, including a notorious dominatrix (Roth), a businessman (Torrijo) on a quest, a shady hitman (Yazpik), a just-married groom (Silvestre) who prefers his wife to be asleep, and a man (Toledo) running from his suicidal girlfriend (Vega). And the pilots and flight attendants are also romantically entangled. All of this swirls together like a nutty 1970s Mexican soap, complete with flimsy-looking sets and a sparky mariachi score.
Continue reading: I'm So Excited! [Los Amantes Pasajeros] Review
Esther Garcia Movies
Julieta Movie Review
Iconic Spanish filmmaker Pedro Almodovar is back with another powerfully complex female-centred drama, along the...
Wild Tales Movie Review
From Argentina, this Oscar-nominated collection of six short, sharp stories leaves us gasping for breath...
I'm So Excited! [Los Amantes Pasajeros] Movie Review
Fans of more recent Almodovar films like The Skin I Live In or Volver should...
Filmmakers Index: 0 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


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Whether they clawed at your couch, used your bed as a scratching post, or mischievously knocked your favourite frames off the wall, your furry feline was worth it. Losing a cat is like saying goodbye to a member of the family, so say farewell with the Cat Memorial Stone.
This Personalised Memorial Stone for Cats is a beautiful memento with four charming Motifs to represent your beloved pet. There are also five Fonts to pick and personalise the stone with your pet's Name, all of which will be engraved and hand painted in white on the stone itself.
The Personalised Cat Memorial itself is harvested from Welsh slate. This ensures that each slate is entirely unique every time and will become a special keepsake in memory of your furry feline friend.
The Personalised Cat Memorial Stone measurements are approximate; the size, colour and shape of the stone will vary from images shown, as this product is a natural Welsh slate. Stone sizes: Small: 24 x 15 x 4cm, Large: 33 x 18 x 4cm (L x W x H). Please be advised the sizes will vary from product to product and all pebbles are unique. Choose from four motifs and five fonts to personalise your engraved stone, which will be hand painted white.
Your personalisation will be made exactly as you have entered it, so please double check spelling, punctuation and capitalisation. Accents and other symbols cannot be used unless stated.


Here's an update on the death I reported in my previous post.
The death was reported last Thursdy evening, and the search for the body continued for several days. Meanwhile, at the house of the deceased, dozens of mourners visited over the weekend. I went there on a few evenings to join the 20 or so people who gathered at any one time of the day. The mood was anything but somber. Folks were drinking Beer Lao, of course, talking and laughing, playing cards and generally having a good time. It must have resembled an Irish wake, but there was still no body.
Dawn came grey and pale on Monday, the sun shrouded by a thin overcast. I was up about 6:30, drinking coffee and plotting revenge against the early-crowing roosters. There was a flurry of activity as first one of Nai's sister's husbands and then another scrambled for their motorbikes and raced away. My first thought was that the body had been found and indeed it had.
The two husbands, one of Nai's brothers and many of the workmen had been searching for the body the past several days, and finally, that morning they'd been successful. Nai and I hurried off on his motorbike and joined the throng of people at the work site, which is only about three kilometers from Nai's house. The body hadn't drifted downstream after all, but had remained where it had fallen. The Mekong is very muddy around this area because of the dredging operations, so the search had taken some time.
The only thing that makes sense to me is that the man had walked to one of the smaller dredge boats across a narrow pontoon bridge consisting of a large plastic or metal pipe. No body else saw him go out there. He must have slipped and fallen at some point, struck his head against the pipe or boat, and gotten knocked unconscious as he sank beneath the water. By the time his absence was noticed, it was too late.
The body, unnaturally white and grotesquely bloated, had been placed on the shore. As I watched, a couple of the men wrapped it in a clear plastic tarp, wrapped it again in a blanket and tied the bundle with strips of white cloth. Plastic bags filled with the dead man's possessions were placed next to the bundle, and some of the men lined the corpse with unlit incense sticks. A few other men poured several bottles of water over the mound, I suppose as an act of purification.
Then there was a wait of about an hour, so all the relatives and friends, far from being downcast, sat around and talked and smiled and laughed. Curious people of all stripes, including a lot of school kids in their uniforms, came and left. Finally, a brown wooden box, the same color as the soil along the river, was brought to the site. The corpse was placed into it and the top was nailed shut. Then half a dozen men carried it about 100 meters to a large pyre composed of dried brown driftwood and old, dusty truck tires. The driftwood nearly perfectly matched the color of the casket. The box was placed on the ground and the top was removed. Mourners, many in tears, gathered around the body as the man's possessions were stuffed into the casket. Some people placed money inside. Nai pointed out the dead man's father. He was grey-haired, about 60, and his handsome, wrinkled face was covered in tears. I was about ready to burst out myself.
The cover was then nailed shut again, and the box was placed on top of the wood. All the mourners picked up an orange flower from a pile that seemed to appear out of nowhere, and we tossed them onto the pyre. One of the younger guys doused the wood and tires with gasoline, someone touched a flaming piece of wood to several areas on the pyre and the whole thing burst into flames, black smoke billowing into the sky. Dredging operations several hundred yards up and down stream from us continued unabated. We watched for awhile, then hopped on the motorbike and departed the area. Back at Nai's house, I could still see the smoke, dark against the pale sky.
Because it would have been completely tasteless of me to run around taking photos of the people and the wrapped body, I only snapped off one shot, and this only after I saw others taking pictures with their cellphones. Here's a view of the cremation and the watchers. It was all pretty sad, but, curiously, not morbid or overly mournful. This had not been a ritual. The Buddhist rites had been carried out at a nearby temple a few days earlier while I was still in Vientiane. This was, it seemed to me, a process to dispose of the body in a respectful manner.
While I was living in Korea, I talked to Nai almost daily. It seems that at least once, sometimes twice a month there was a death, either of a cousin or of an acquaintance in the neighborhood. Most of the deaths were of older folks, but occasionally one of the younger ones died. The people around here seem to live with dying on a continual basis. I think the Buddhist principle of the impermanence of everything helps see them through these trying affairs. Let's hope that there are no more deaths in the extended family for a long while.


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Who's behind Dragon Crane
Strong Balance Qigong for Women
Strong Balance ChiMotion
Parkinson's Program
Shaolin Kenpo
Dragon Crane Board of Directors
Dragon Crane, Inc. operates under the efforts and guidance of its board. The Board meets annually, or as needed.
Bryan Nelson, Secretary, Co-Chair
Bryan Nelson is a statistician at HealthPartners, inc. He has volunteered for many non-profit Organizations over the past 15 years. Most recently, he has volunteered at Friends of the Mississippi River conducting research. Friends of the Mississippi River engages people to protect, restore and enhance the Mississippi River and its watershed in the Twin Cities region.
Bryan has also worked with Find Your Power to help expand internet access for underrepresented women worldwide, connecting them with resources that further education, advocacy, community, and employment. He brings a wealth of experience to Dragon Crane as a creative thinker with project management experience and a proven ability to communicate goals and priorities. We welcome Bryan's enthusiasm and dedication to the Dragon Crane mission.
Robyn Lingen, Treasurer, Co-Chair
Robyn Lingen has served in leadership and teaching roles for more than 30 years, including 23 years in martial arts. She is currently the primary instructor at Dragon Crane, and volunteers her time.
Robyn holds a Fifth Degree Black Belt in Shaolin Kenpo Karate, and is a certified master of Floating Monk Qigong which originates from the philosophy and technique of Jook Lum Ting Sing Qigong. She is the only women in the United States certified to train teachers in this important qigong. Robyn has degrees in English and art from St. Catherine University in Saint Paul, Minnesoata. She has completed certification by the American Sports and Fitness Association in Self Defense Instruction and Martial Arts Fitness Instruction, 2016-2019. She is certified by the Brian Grant Foundation in their exercise for Parkinson's training program.
Fun Fun Cheng, Member, operations advisor
Fun Fun Cheng received a B.A. in English Literature from Carleton College and a M.A. in Library & Information Science from the University of Iowa. She will complete a Master of Public Affairs at the Humphrey School of Public Affairs in Spring 2019 with focus on leadership, equity, and systemic change.
Fun Fun's passion for doing work for the common good is rooted in her experience of growing up as an immigrant affected by poverty and racism. As a result, she has a strong belief that everyone should have access to resources that allow for a better life. Fun Fun has been involved in a wide range of social justice work, including fundraising and grant making for Headwaters Foundation for Justice, fundraising for local non-profits through Eat For Equity, and serving on the board of Mississippi Market Co-op.
In her spare time, Fun Fun enjoys growing and donating food from her community garden and bringing people together around a homecooked meal.
Caitlin Priem, Member, education advisor
Caitlin Priem is currently a 3rd grade homeroom teacher at Uchon Elementary School in Korea where she is a lead teacher who is responsible for all 3rd grade teachers and curriculum. She has been teaching elementary school in Korea for 8 years, the last 6 years at an English immersion school. She has helped develop a new curriculum for this program that focuses on workshop-style classes and authentic learning for subjects such as global citizenship and reading.
Caitlin has been exposed to many different learning backgrounds and styles, bringing this knowledge and experience to the leadership at Dragon Crane. Teaching has been a valuable and rewarding learning opportunity for her and she's constantly inspired by her students.
Caitlin graduated from the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities with a major in Religious Studies and a minor in Teaching English as a Second Language. She loved studying in Minnesota and grew up identifying as both a Wisconsinite and Texan because she has roots in both places! She is an avid baker (cookies & banana bread!), reader (especially mysteries), and hockey fan-turned-player (Go Wild!).
Claire Mathews-Lingen, Member, funding advisor
Claire is currently working at Centro de Trabajadores Unidos en la Lucha as their Donor Organizer. She most recently worked as the Development Assistant and Director of Partnerships at RCFL, as a part of my service year through Lutheran Volunteer Corps.
Claire developed a love of fundraising while leading fundraising efforts for Halla Henderson's winning campaign for St.Paul school board and for the Deb Patterson Campaign for Oregon State Senate. Claire worked with Thru-Talk and Vote Builder to remotely reach voters and volunteers. She has considerable experience with phone-banking as well as individual fundraising. As an advisor to Dragon Crane, Claire brings a passion for justice.
Claire graduated from Willamette University, and holds a Black Belt in Shaolin Kenpo Karate and is an avid dancer, camper and hiker.
Dragon Crane makes training accessible to all, regardless of ability to pay. All donations directly support students in our programs with scholarships and equipment needed to participate. Your gift opens doors to movement arts for all who want to learn.
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We're proud to support an open, inviting, safe community where people of all ages, backgrounds, shapes and sizes can come together
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Philosphy
Dragon Crane creates movement-based wellness programs that that focus on individual well-being and connection to community. We believe in boldness, integrity and the inherent worth and dignity of every person.
At Dragon Crane, we seek to help individuals build strength, balance and esteem. Out of respect for our communities, and discipline in our arts, we promise to honor people, places, ancestry and heritage in all that we do.
Dragon Crane develops programming partnerships focused on mind-body wellness for anyone seeking to learn, regardless of physical or financial ability.
We envision a world in which all people of all ages are uplifted with dignity and respect.
The more you seek to learn,
the deeper your personal power.
The deeper your personal power,
the more you seek to learn.
This is the journey,
we are on together.
© Dragon Crane, Inc. is a 501c3 organization. | Opening the doors to wellness for anyone who wants to learn, regardless of physical or financial ability. | Site by Designwrite Studios.


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Distributed COPLINK Database and Concept Space Development
This awardee has received supplemental funding. This award detail page includes information about both the original award and supplemental awards.
Award #
2000-RB-CX-K001
Continuation
Funding First Awarded
Total funding (to date)
Enhancing DNA ID Capabilities for Reduction of Violent Crime
Description of original award (Fiscal Year 2000, $350,000)
PROJECT SUMMARY FOR 2000-RB-CX-K001 (S-2)
The Tuscon Police Department (TPD), Phoenix Police Department (PPD), and the University of Arizona propose to partner in the continued research and development of current state of the art and near term future database and Internet technologies to enhance inter-agency sharing and analysis of information. This partnership will build upon the COPLINK application that was developed in an effort that began this affiliation between cutting-edge information systems research and law enforcement. With this funding the first multi-agency COPLINK Intranet will be developed and deployed, linking the Phoenix Valley and Tucson. Further development of the application will occur, including expansion of the database and interface to accommodate a richer array of available data. Concurrent with this deployment will be the continued research and development of cutting edge analysis techniques including linguistic analysis, and visualization and summarization techniques. The group also intends to pursue development of law enforcement intelligent agents for the COPLINK Database/Concept Space applications and for Internet searching.
nca/ncf
Supplemental Award 1 (Fiscal Year 2000, $395,077)
Date Created: September 29, 2000
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Malcore awakens from one of Valkyrie's dragon eggs in the Ice King's castle. He uses his fire breath to unthaw Valkyrie. Together they unleash The Prisoner, a man who has been trapped for eternity by the Ice King in his dungeon. The three join forces to defeat their enemy.
The Ice King tells Snowfoot and the Ice Queen of The Prisoner's escape. They must form a plan.
After killing the current Fire King, The Prisoner sends Valkyrie to The Ice King's castle. Valkyrie arrives and informs The Ice King of the upcoming duel. The Ice King goes alone to fight The Prisoner, per his request, despite Snowfoot and Ice Queen's worries.
The Ice King and The Prisoner have an epic battle on top of the old castle near Haunted Hills. Krampus shows up at the last moment to protect The Ice King from destruction.
Ruin i think his gone be the new Fire king. What do you think?
It's cool that there's a molten Valkyrie now, like the prisoner granted her with some of his power and this form of her is the result, same goes for the lava wing. It suits her as one of his underlings.
There's a uchiha clan in FORTNITE?
11:30, anyone getting Dr Strange vibes?
What is the music when they started fighting? It's epic!
Couldnt even find this stupid thing. I mean i found it, bit not the boss guy. I dont even know what tjat was all about.
Link do tego po polsku?
You are so talented dude!!
*NEW* MASSIVE VOLCANO GLITCH *REVEALS* HIDDEN STORYLINE CHARACTER UNDER THE LAVA! SEASON 8 UPDATE!