With guidance from the Kemper Teen Arts Council, the Museum offers a variety of free programming created specifically for teens throughout the year.
Scroll down to learn more about the Teen Arts Council at Kemper Museum, upcoming special events, and the role these talented teens play!
Join the Kemper Teen Arts Council in the exhibition Child's Play to watch the movie Alice and Wonderland, have a tea party, enjoy edible treats inspired by the painting Cakes and Pies by Wayne Thiebaud, and make your own hat perfect for the occasion.
Child's Play: An Exploration of Adolescence situates contemporary works of art from Kemper Museum's Permanent Collection in conversation with concepts brought forth by neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud (Austrian, 1856–1939) and explores artists' depictions of children, their relationships with those around them, and with the world. It is a fitting companion exhibition to Lexicon: The Language of Gesture in 25 Years at Kemper Museum which explores how the language of gesture continues to be expressed and felt through the creative vision of the hundreds of artists whose works activate the Museum.
Drawing inspiration from the creative visions of artists such a Nick Cave, Firelei Baez, and Amy Sherald as well as other patterns, colors, and media in the exhibition, Lexicon: The Language of Gesture in 25 Years at Kemper Museum, teens will explore how to fuse art and fashion together using a variety of materials such as (but not limited to) fabric, beads, paint, paper, and metal. Materials and snacks provided.
Dress your best and gather at Kemper Museum to celebrate our twenty-fifth anniversary! Get ready for an unforgettably elegant evening of music, artmaking, food, a fashion show, and much more, all organized by the Kemper Teen Arts Council.
Grab your friends and join us at Kemper Museum for Teen Studio Saturday! Explore modern and contemporary art, meet other talented teens, and experiment with materials used in visual art, fashion, slam poetry, and creative writing.
Projects and themes are created by the Kemper Teen Arts Council and change each month. All materials are provided and all teens are welcome!
Learn about and create art that inspires awareness about environmental issues.
Contemporary artists with roots in the Middle East often build a link between the past, present, and future by combining their cultural traditions with ideas and imagery from classic Islamic Art forms such as calligraphy, architecture, and the decorative arts. Join the Kemper Teen Arts Council to explore contemporary and classic Islamic art and use these art forms as inspiration to create a piece of art.
The summer solstice on June 21 marks the official start of summer! The word "solstice" means "solar standstill," and people around the world will take part in various rituals and celebrations on this day. Join the Kemper Teen Arts Council to create art about the sun and what the summer season means to you.
Join the Kemper Teen Arts Council to explore the exhibition Child's Play: An Exploration of Adolescence and create a piece of art inspired by childhood memories and experiences.
This Teen Studio Saturday is all about celebrating and creating with the primary colors red, yellow, and blue!
The Kemper Museum Teen Arts Council is a youth development program for Kansas City-area teens, in both Kansas and Missouri. A competitively selected group of up to fifteen 14–17 year-old teen leaders with a shared passion for the arts work with Museum Education staff to develop and manage teen programs for Kemper Museum. Over the course of the year, based on the evolution of the group, they plan teen-focused events, participate in workshops with local artists, train to be a Teen Docent, take part in leadership building opportunities, and plan an end-of-program art exhibition.
2019 Teen Arts Council: Anya Asjad, Audrey Diggs, River Hennick, Joardy Looney III, Katie Moore, Anthony Moses III, Kelly Murphy, Alecia Sharpe, Auryona Webb, Ryann Shay, Roan Hesse, Talia Crayton, E'Charday Jackson, Damion Tripp, and Aedan Harrup.
We are not no longer accepting applications for the 2019 Kemper Museum Teen Arts Council, however the application for the 2020 Council will become available in September 2019.
Contact Teen Arts Council Manager Jessica Thompson-Lee at jthompson@kemperart.org or 816-457-6136 with any questions or further information.
The Kemper Teen Arts Council is made possible through the generosity of Stan Bushman and Ann Canfield, Charles Helzberg and Sandra Baer. We are also grateful to the members of Kemper Museum whose support allows all of our educational programs to be always free of charge.


NEW YORK, April 8, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- OnDeck® (NYSE: ONDK), the leader in online lending for small business, announced today that it will report first quarter 2019 financial results on Thursday, May 2nd, at approximately 7:00 a.m. ET. The company will host a conference call to discuss the results at 8:00 a.m. ET that same day.


text:
ANNE BRODIE
My Insta
BYE, BYE LILY AND JANE! IT'S BEEN GRAND, THANKS FOR THE LAUGHS, MARILYN MONROE REVISITED ...
BYE, BYE LILY AND JANE! IT'S BEEN GRAND, THANKS FOR THE LAUGHS, MARILYN MONROE REVISITED, ELISABETH MOSS, SOPHIE MARCEAU AND A CELEBRATION OF INTERNATIONAL DOCUMENTARIES.
By Anne Brodie – Toronto's prestigious Hot Docs International Festival screens in cinemas across Toronto and streams nationwide today through May 8. Check out https://hotdocs.ca/whats-on/hot-docsfor what to expect from factual fare from Canada and around the world. Canadian documentary filmmaker Jennifer Baichwal became the first woman to open Hot Docs twice, this time with Into the Weeds, taking chemical manufacturers Monsanto/Bayer and their toxic, cancer-causing weed killer RoundUp under the microscope. Baichwal follows San Francisco Bay area landscaper Dewayne Lee Johnson who developed terminal cancer following an accident with the chemicals. Bayer absorbed Monsanto and denied culpability, stating Ranger Pro and Roundup weren't carcinogenic despite significant lab evidence otherwise. Baichwal's detective work and access reveal Bayer's astounding apathy, the roadblocks they threw up against justice, and Johnson's fate. Into the Weeds will release in theatres on May 20.
Harbourfront Centre launches Nordic Bridges, a year-long initiative fostering cultural exchange between the Nordic Region and Canada. Twenty-two films will be shown as Nordic Bridges at Hot Docs including All of Our Heartbeats Are Connected Through Exploding Stars.
In the 1950s, a young trans woman named Agnes sought help in transitioning as part of Harold Garfinkel's gender health research at UCLA, in order to access gender-affirming care. In 2017, cases from that period were rediscovered. Framing Alice director Chase Joynt explores how medicine and media look at trans existence and experience and how reimagination and re-enactments help trans people deal – including Zackary Drucker, Angelica Ross, Jen Richards, Silas Howard, Max WolfValerio and Stephan Ira.
Jackie Torrens' jaw-dropper Bernie Langille Wants To Know What Happened To Bernie Langille is a true story so twisted it feels like a real-life episode of Twin Peaks. It follows present-day thirty-something Bernie Langille as he investigates the mysterious death of his grandfather Bernie Langille. He'd known since childhood there was something fishy about it and became obsessed with discovering what happened. He stirred up old family secrets, medical and police logs and came away thunderstruck. Grandfather Bernie Langille had been out drinking with friends one February in 1968 and came to bed next to his wife his head bleeding. Blood was also discovered in the basement the next morning, and an ambulance was called. It didn't come for hours and when it did, the attending doctor assaulted him. And en route to a better-equipped hospital in Halifax, his ambulance was struck by a train. True, so why? Theories included a government hit for seeing something he shouldn't have seen but the case was never solved until Bernie Langille jumped in. Whoa!
Patty Ivins Specht's doc Deconstructing Karen looks at the anti-racism work of Regina Jackson and Saira Rao's RACE2DINNER business to parse white women's daily role in upholding white supremacy. Anna Paquin is an executive director on the project which looks at the role played by the huge number of white women who voted for Donald Trump, over an afternoon of conversation and wine. They discuss unconscious bias, everyday privileges, and cultural differences, meant to reveal their truths, and it may be tough for some to watch. "There is only one rule: no crying at the dinner table".
Docs For Schools Today A series of FREE programs offered to enrich and supplement curriculum For teachers grades 5-12 across Canada. It includes Black Activism in Sport, Being Black in Canada, Black Canadian History, Environment, Indigenous, Voices to Hear, We're In This Together. Take a look at other Hot Docs offerings:
Netflix' documentary The Mystery of Marilyn Monroe: The Unheard Tapes is the closest the public has come to a definitive answer to the question of how the most famous woman of the 20th century died alone in her bed on Aug. 5, 1962. Author and investigator Anthony Summers' definitive book Goddess: The Secret Lives of Marilyn Monroe, published in 1985 raised a number of theories of a gangland hit related to her affairs with John and Robert Kennedy, the Kennedys themselves, suicide, and accidental overdose. The case was reopened in 1986. Summers was still working on the case at his home/library, boxes of case documents, in Ireland when filmmaker Emma Cooper arrived. Her film examines Marilyn's rise to fame, her disappointment with it, and the men she says used her, particularly the Kennedy brothers. Her affairs with them began in the fifties and she knew their father Joseph, the influential Hollywood mogul and businessman. Cooper offers astounding re-enactments, lip-synched to actors playing central figures in MM's life, from Summers' recorded interviews over the last five decades. They include previously unheard tapes of her close friend Jane Russell, her psychiatrist and his family, her agent, publicist, mentors, studio heads, ambulance drivers, hospital attendants, mobsters, Hollywood scenesters, her photographer, and biographer, her directors, in all dozens of "names" and allies. Summers describes the tremendous activity that took place the night she died, including a helicopter, a small plane, and dozens of people. And Summers makes his case for what happened to her. Cooper's tenacious and detailed film hopes to lay the mystery to rest and expose the web of deceit and culpability from the White House down. Absolutely astounding and heartbreaking and a must-watch.
Haya Waseem's gorgeously executed coming-of-age drama Quickening shot on yummy 35mm film concerns a Pakistani teen raised in Toronto. Her family has money, a nice house, and a social lifestyle; Sheila (Arooj Azeem, transcendent in her first feature) studies performance but in the opening classroom scenes, her instructor tears down her floor exercise. Her mother's convinced she's in with bad people and urges her to hold to her cultural values, making clear the gap between them and their inability to talk authentically to one another. Ditto her often-absent father and her little brother who struggles with autism. Sheila feels alienated from family and friends but finds comfort in a romance with classmate Eden (Quinn Underwood). Eden ends the romance just as Sheila discovers she's pregnant and Isolation and anger take their toll on her mental well-being. From there the family's house of cards starts collapsing fast – Dad's lost his job but won't talk about it, they argue and she carries her secret. This is a mature, elegant, formal film with a tonal score that takes us to the inner workings of Sheila's mind. What is true and real and where is she in the emotional storms of life? In select theatres.
Liam Neeson ups his game with a better action film than he's put out recently. Memory concerns a hired El Paso, Texas assassin who refuses to kill a 13-year-old, unleashing the wrath of a child trafficking crime cartel and endangering himself, FBI agents investigating the cartel and local police. His character Alan Lewis is in the advanced stages of Alzheimer's. He records the people he's targeting, and pertinent details on his arm and hides out in an abandoned warehouse. He disguises himself as a hospital nurse and slits a patient's throat, and leaves without a trace. Meanwhile, an FBI agent (Guy Pearce) investigates the trafficking ring with horrific and unintended results, and the girl is taken to safety; the cartel is known for targeting children for leverage. Wealthy businesswoman Davana Sealman (Monica Belluci) and her son have a special interest in the investigation, and Lewis' actions uncover a tidal wave of corruption. Neeson's portrayal of an ill man working hard to do a job is touching and disturbing and changes the actioner genre. In theatres.
Elisabeth Moss and Jamie Bell lead Apple TV+ Original chilling series Shining Girls based on Lauren Beukes' bestseller around Kirby Mazrachi, a Chicago newspaper archivist. Her bright future as a journalist was derailed following a traumatic attack by a person who remains at large. A murder occurs that bears an uncanny resemblance to her attack and she determines to find who is responsible. Veteran reporter Dan Velazquez (Wagner Moura) who's struggling with his own demons asks to be assigned to the case with her. Flashback to a young girl sitting on her stoop, approached by a teenager (Bell) who gives her a small carved horse and encourages her to pull apart a bee. Flash forward to another girl gone missing and the discovery of a body during construction. Kirby digs into the archives believing all the cases are linked to hers. She is in a strange state, everyday things confuse her, and her sense of reality is shaken off its moorings. Kirby locates a woman who survived one of the attacks – she's changed her name and appearance and says "I didn't see him, he's everybody's nobody. I remember his voice when he called me a whore". Kirby wants to share her feelings with her remote mother (Amy Brenneman) but suddenly can't find her apartment. It turns out to be hers, the one she shares with her husband. She doesn't remember getting there because time and place have shifted so begins to log her differing realities. Kirby finds Polaroid photos of herself in her apartment she can't explain and her senses are unreliable. Over time a total of eight similar cases occur as Kirby's mental state deteriorates. Moss plays this complicated, terrified but tenacious woman with great authenticity and we've never seen Bell like this before. The title Shining Girls refers to the young lives snuffed out over the course of two decades in this really scary, really creepy but riveting series.
France Amazon Studios romcomdram (?) I Love America now on Prime Video finds Lisa (Sophie Marceau) upping sticks and fleeing Paris for LA. Lisa ups sticks and moves from Paris to Los Angeles, looking for a fresh start to cure her battered heart and soul. During a fun Hallowe'en party, Lisa finds herself standing on a palm-lined street in a sexy bunny costume on the phone weeping – her mother is to be taken off life support. She returns to Paris and faces her for the last time. They had a complicated relationship, her mother was a famous singer with little time for her. Back in LA, her gay best friend and drag bar owner Luka (Djanis Bouzyani) is concerned and secretly signs her up on a dating app. She gamely participates with a few dates, including a nudist. But finally, John (Colin Woodell) may be a good fit. Things are looking good despite a psychic saying she'll never find anyone, ever. She also says her mother thank her from beyond the grave for forgiving her. These are the true experiences of writer-director Lisa Azuelos who mixes sunny and sad in a French flavoured romance.
Crave's fact-based murder series The Staircase debuting May 5th is the fourth iteration in the past several months of a wife and mother found dead under mysterious circumstances at the bottom of a staircase in her well-appointed home. Astonishingly, such has been the core of The Girl Before, Finding Alice, and Close to Me, so wealthy married ladies watch out! Based on a true story, Antonio Campos looks at the infamous case of the alleged murder of Kathleen Peterson (Toni Collette) at the hands of her husband, the hair-trigger-tempered Michael Peterson (Colin Firth), in Durham North Carolina. The family's mansion appears to be filled with sunshine and light, with their blended family of beautiful, privileged children, their good jobs, and social positions. But Kathleen was found with 35 lacerations in a bloody heap at the foot of the stairs while alone in the house. That was December 2001. Peterson, an author, was having trouble coming up with new ideas and he had a lady on the side, Kathleen was a doting mother and stepmother of six but less patient with her husband. Peterson's hysterics overtake him, and his son suspects he's guilty but jumps in to save him. It is a long and winding road, a family in disarray, the ruse of their happy marriage now clear. It always seems tough on survivors to make films like this about despicable people and action, but they are popular and feeling morally superior is part of it. An interesting cast of international stars includes Parker Posey, Tim Guinee, Michael Stuhlbarg, Kevin Sizemore, Cullen Moss, Rosemarie DeWitt, Maria Dizzia, Sophie Turner, Olivia DeJonge, Juliette Binoche, Dane DeHaan, Olivia DeJonge, Rosemarie DeWitt, Tim Guinee, Patrick Schwarzenegger, Sophie Turner, Vincent Vermignon and Odessa Young.
If you need some good laughs and someone to cheer for, who happens to be a manipulative liar, look no further than I Love That For You on Showtime / Crave. Bess Armstrong plays Joanna a childhood leukemia survivor whose greatest pleasure back then was watching the glamourous, hosts of the television shopping network. She's kind of lonely, never had a beau, and dreams of becoming a TV shopping channel just like her heroine, host, and network mainstay Jackie (Molly Shannon). Using her finely honed manipulation skills, she lands a job at the network and begins her climb and keeps the "cancer girl" card in her pocket to win sympathy. She's not a bad person, but she's complicated and it turns out she's a natural on air. Jackie mentors her as she holds her own against vapid, ultra-competitive host Beth Ann (Ayden Mayeri). The outstanding Jenifer Lewis goes for broke as CEO Patricia whose larger- and meaner- than life persona is terrifying. Patricia encourages Joanna to use her ongoing cancer battle as part of her on-air chatter- it sells. Thing is, Joanna does so, even though she's been cancer-free for years. It's a moneymaker and a big fat lie. The series is really well scripted and executed, each character's nicely defined and also morally complicated and it skewers on-air ambitions with a wink and a nod. Naughty FUN!
Let's end with a bittersweet goodbye. The final season of the beloved buddy series Grace and Frankie, with the incomparable Jane Fonda and Lily Tomlin, marks the longest-running Netflix original series – 94 episodes. Peter Gallaghers in the house, Mallory and Brianna are in a workplace battle to the death for dominance, a thief is on the loose and where is the cash? G and F see their own futures when a friend is sent to "memory care" and do their best to bounce her, Grace agrees to therapy, they become international drug smugglers, Robert has alarming memory lapses and the exes try to silence a theatre critic. Grace must finally break the ice with her estranged brother, there's a fake funeral and glasses raised to the future whatever it may hold. Going to miss my Fonda Tomlin fixes! Thanks, ladies! You are forever in our Netflix queues.
THE HUMAN COMEDY/DRAMA LAID BARE IN THIS WEEK'S ENTERTAINMENT. "IT'S GONNA BE A BUMPY RIDE!...
MATTHEW MACFAYDEN AND KEVIN R. MCNALLY STAR IN STONEHOUSE, REVIVING THE STRANGE CASE OF THE....
REGAINING LIFE, MESSING UP, SHOCKING HISTORY AND DELIGHTFUL NASTY WOMEN!
a.brodie@sympatico.ca
FOR BUSINESS INQUIRIES
© 2020 by Anne Brodie. Powered by Flowz.com

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\begin{document}
\title{Renormalization group approach for the scattering off a single Rashba impurity in a helical liquid}
\author{Fran\c{c}ois Cr\'epin}
\affiliation{Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics,
University of W\"urzburg, 97074 W\"urzburg, Germany}
\author{Jan Carl Budich}
\affiliation{Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics,
University of W\"urzburg, 97074 W\"urzburg, Germany}
\author{Fabrizio Dolcini}
\affiliation{Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Torino, Italy}
\author{Patrik Recher}
\affiliation{Institute for Mathematical Physics, TU Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany}
\author{Bj\"orn Trauzettel}
\affiliation{Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics,
University of W\"urzburg, 97074 W\"urzburg, Germany}

\date{\today}

\begin{abstract}
The occurrence of two-particle inelastic backscattering has been conjectured in helical edge states of topological insulators and is expected to alter transport. In this Letter, by using a renormalization group approach, we provide a microscopic derivation of this process,  in the presence of a time-reversal invariant Rashba impurity potential. Unlike previous approaches to the problem, we are able to prove that such an effect only occurs in the presence of electron-electron interactions. Furthermore, we find that the linear conductance as a function of temperature exhibits a crossover between two scaling behaviors: $T^{4K}$ for $K>1/2$ and $T^{8K-2}$ for $K<1/2$, with $K$ the Luttinger parameter.
\end{abstract}

\pacs{72.15.Nj, 72.25.-b, 85.75.-d}

\maketitle

{\it Introduction.}---  Since the prediction of the quantum spin Hall phase \cite{Kane05, Kane05b} in HgTe quantum wells \cite{Zhang06b}, transport measurements on these compounds have shown evidence of a quantized edge conductance $G = 2e^2/h$, thereby paving the way for non-local dissipationless transport in semiconductors at zero external magnetic field \cite{Konig07, Konig08, Roth09}.  In the simplest case of quantum wells with inversion symmetry, transport occurs through two counter-propagating edge channels that carry opposite spin-1/2 quantum numbers. Such helical liquids form a new class of 1D quantum liquids in the sense that they are protected by time-reversal symmetry against single-particle elastic backscattering \cite{Kane05b, Moore06, Zhang06c}. However, deviations from the quantized conductance arise in various situations, involving either a breaking of time-reversal symmetry -- by a magnetic impurity for instance -- or the interplay between a time-reversal invariant (TRI) external potential and a source of inelastic scattering. Inelastic single-particle backscattering \cite{Budich12, Schmidt12} and two-particle backscattering \cite{Kane05b, Moore06, Zhang06c, Japaridze10} are two examples of the latter. In this Letter, we focus on two-particle backscattering off a TRI impurity and report new results regarding the temperature scaling of conductance corrections. Our purpose is to derive the Hamiltonian for such a process starting with a minimal model of an interacting helical liquid coupled to a TRI potential. In particular, we focus on a Rashba spin-orbit potential \cite{Japaridze10, Budich12}, which can originate from fluctuations of an electric field perpendicular to the 2D electron gas  \cite{Rothe10}, and acts as a TRI effective magnetic field that couples right and left movers.
In the recent literature, inelastic two-particle backscattering off an impurity was mostly studied phenomenologically, by postulating the generic form of the Hamiltonian due to symmetry considerations -- namely TRI and Pauli principle \cite{Kane05b, Moore06, Zhang06c, Oreg12},
\begin{equation} \label{eq:H_2p}
H_{\textrm{2p}}^{\textrm{in}} =  \gamma_{\textrm{2p}}^{\textrm{in}} \left[(\partial_x \Psi^\dagger_+) \Psi^{\dagger}_+(\partial_x\Psi^{{\phantom{\dagger}}}_-)\Psi^{{\phantom{\dagger}}}_-\right](x_0) + \textrm{H.c.},
\end{equation}
where $\pm$ designate right and left movers respectively. A straightforward scaling analysis \cite{Kane92a, Kane92b} would lead to a temperature dependence of $T^{8K-2}$ for conductance corrections, with $K$ the Luttinger parameter, implying a $T^6$ behavior in the limit of weak interactions, $K \simeq 1$. These studies, however, do not explain how two-particle backscattering is generated at the microscopic level.  To our knowledge, the only microscopic explanation proposed so far is the one by Str\"om {\it et al}. \cite{Japaridze10}, already based on Rashba spin-orbit coupling.
Their analysis, however, leads to the unphysical conclusion that  these processes are present even in the limit of vanishing interactions. Indeed, without interactions, two-particle backscattering can always be factorized to two uncorrelated single-particle elastic backscattering processes and does not affect transport. A satisfactory explanation of the effect is therefore still lacking.

In this Letter, we use a renormalization group (RG) approach to show how two-particle inelastic backscattering is generated from Rashba spin-orbit coupling and Coulomb interactions.  Upon integrating the flow equations, we are able to show that the effect only occurs in the presence of electron-electron interactions. Furthermore, we find a $K$-dependent crossover behavior for the temperature scaling of the conductance corrections, namely
\begin{equation}
\delta G/G_0 \sim
\left\{
\begin{array}{ll}
(a_0 T/v)^{4K}    & \mbox{ if $K>1/2$},\;\\
(a_0 T/v)^{8K-2}     & \mbox{ if $1/4<K<1/2$},
\end{array}
\right. \label{crossover}
\end{equation}
where $a_0$ is the inverse bandwidth and $v$ the interaction-renormalized Fermi velocity. Our analysis demonstrates that, in the limit of weak interactions,  two-particle inelastic processes, with a scaling of $T^4$, are a more important source of scattering than usually anticipated from phenomenology.

{\it Model.}--- We study an interacting 1D helical liquid  in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling. We set $\hbar = 1$ and the Hamiltonian of the system is the sum of three terms, $H = H_0 + H_{I} + H_R$, given by
\begin{align} \label{eq:Hamiltonian}
&H_0 = \int dx \; \sum_{\eta=\pm} \Psi^\dagger_\eta(x) (-i \eta v_F\partial_x - E_F) \Psi^{{\phantom{\dagger}}}_\eta(x), \\
&H_{I} = \iint dx dx' \Psi^\dagger_+(x) \Psi^{\dagger}_-(x') g_2(x-x')\Psi^{{\phantom{\dagger}}}_-(x')\Psi^{{\phantom{\dagger}}}_+(x), \nonumber \\
&H_R = \int dx  \;\alpha(x)\left[ (\partial_x \Psi^\dagger_+)\Psi^{{\phantom{\dagger}}}_- -\Psi^\dagger_+(\partial_x \Psi^{{\phantom{\dagger}}}_-)\right](x) + \textrm{H.c.}. \nonumber
\end{align}
Here, $\Psi^{\dagger}_+(x)$ and $\Psi^{\dagger}_-(x)$ are creation operators for right and left moving electrons, respectively. Both species carry spin-$1/2$ opposite quantum numbers and hence transform as $\mathcal{T}\Psi^{\dagger}_{\pm}(x) \mathcal{T}^{-1} = \pm \Psi^{\dagger}_{\mp}(x)$ under time reversal. $H_0$ entails a strictly linear spectrum, with a finite bandwidth, the size of the bulk band gap. $v_F$ is the Fermi velocity, $E_F$ the Fermi energy. Without loss of generality, we consider in $H_I$ only interactions   between electrons moving in opposite directions, since chiral interactions -- so-called $g_4$ terms -- only renormalize the Fermi velocity.  Finally, $H_R$ describes a linear Rashba spin-orbit potential likely to stem from fluctuations of a transverse  electric field \cite{Japaridze10, Budich12}. We emphasize that $H_R$ is, in a helical liquid, the time-reversal invariant Hamiltonian with the lowest scaling dimension, able to couple right and left-movers. Nevertheless it has no effect on transport as long as elastic scattering is concerned \cite{Moore06}. In the following, we consider a point-like impurity, that is, $\alpha(x) = \alpha \delta(x)$. We show with a RG calculation how two-particle inelastic backscattering is generated. First, we carry it out on the fermion partition function before treating interactions exactly using bosonization.

{\it RG for interacting fermions.}--- Much insight is gained by first treating, at the fermion level, both interactions and the Rashba potential as perturbations to the non-interacting fixed point. We use the path integral representation of the partition function, $\mathcal{Z} = \int D\Psi_\pm^* D\Psi_\pm e^{-S}$, with an action $S = \int_0^\beta d\tau \left[\sum_{\eta=\pm} \int dx\Psi_\eta^*(x,\tau) \partial_\tau \Psi_\eta(x,\tau) + H(\tau) \right]$, and $\Psi_\pm(x,\tau)$, $\Psi_\pm^*(x,\tau)$ Grassmann fields.
 We introduce an ultra-violet (UV) cutoff $\Lambda$ of the order of half the bulk band gap on the dispersion relation of both right and left movers as $v_F|\eta k - k_F| < \Lambda$, with $k_F$ the Fermi momentum. Following Ref. \onlinecite{Shankar94}, we then proceed to integrate out the fields living on an infinitesimal momentum shell $\Lambda/s < v_F|\eta k - k_F| < \Lambda$, with $s = 1 + d\ell$. As usual in a 1D quantum liquid, interactions contribute an infinite series of diagrams. However, in the absence of $2k_F$ scattering processes, and the impurity being point-like, $g_2$ is invariant under RG transformations. The integration of high energy fields also generates new terms. To third order perturbation theory, the diagram (b) depicted in Fig. \ref{Fig:diagrams_2} generates an inelastic two-particle backscattering process whose action is of the form
\begin{align}
&S_{\textrm{2p}} = \gamma_{\textrm{2p}} \int \prod_{i=1}^4\frac{dk_i}{2\pi}\frac{d\omega_i}{2\pi} 2\pi \delta(\omega_1+\omega_2-\omega_3-\omega_4) \times \nonumber \\
&(-ik_3\Psi^*_+(3))\Psi^*_+(4) (ik_2\Psi_-(2)) \Psi_-(1) + \{+ \leftrightarrow - \}. \label{eq:S_2p}
\end{align}
This is precisely the action one would derive from the Hamiltonian of Eq. \eqref{eq:H_2p}, in momentum space. The scaling dimension of $\gamma_{\textrm{2p}}$ is -3 by power-counting, and, taking into account the aforementioned third-order diagram, its flow equation is
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:RG_flow_1}
\frac{d\gamma_{\textrm{2p}}}{d\ell} = -3 \gamma_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell) + \frac{\alpha(\ell)^2}{v_F \Lambda} \frac{g_2}{2\pi v_F}.
\end{equation}
Note that the initial condition is $ \gamma_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell=0)=0$, since two-particle inelastic backscattering is absent from the bare action. Finally, power counting on the Rashba action yields for $\alpha(\ell)$ the flow equation
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:RG_flow_2}
\frac{d\alpha}{d\ell} = -\alpha(\ell).
\end{equation}
This calculation confirms that inelastic two-particle backscattering from a Rashba impurity is only generated in the presence of Coulomb interactions, as it disappears altogether as soon as $g_2 = 0$. We emphasize that to second order in $\alpha$, diagrams such as (a) in Fig. \ref{Fig:diagrams_2} do not generate inelastic processes since Matsubara frequencies are conserved independently at each Rashba scattering vertex; in this example, $\omega_1 = \omega_3$ and $\omega_2 = \omega_4$. Finally, we point out that $g_4$ (chiral) interactions fail to generate inelastic two-particle backscattering as all diagrams will be suppressed by the Pauli principle.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=9cm,clip]{diagrams1}
\caption{Examples of diagrams to order $\alpha^2$ (a) and $g_2\alpha^2$ (b), in the expansion of the partition function. Partial derivatives signs indicate which external lines are differentiated with respect to $x$. Full (dashed) arrows are for right (left) movers. Wavy lines are for Coulomb interactions, and grey balls denote scattering off the impurity.}
\label{Fig:diagrams_2}
\end{figure}

{\it Bosonization.}--- We refine our analysis by treating interactions exactly, through bosonization of the fermion Hamiltonian.  Excitations around the true ground state of the 1D interacting helical liquid are indeed described by the Luttinger liquid Hamiltonian, $\mathcal{H}_0 = H_0 + H_I$, with
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{H}_0 = \frac{v}{2\pi} \int dx \; \left[ K (\partial_x \theta)^2 +  \frac{1}{K}(\partial_x \phi)^2 \right],
\end{equation}
where $\phi$ and $\theta$ are two boson fields describing density and quantum phase fluctuations, respectively \cite{Haldane81}, and obeying the following commutation relation $[\phi(x),\partial_x\theta(x')]=i\pi \delta(x-x')$. For repulsive electrons, $K<1$, while $K=1$ in the non-interacting case. By using the bosonization identity $\Psi_{\pm}(x)= \kappa_\pm (2 \pi a)^{-1/2} e^{\pm i k_F x} e^{-i(\pm \phi-\theta)}$, the bosonized form of the Rashba Hamiltonian is readily obtained as \cite{Japaridze10, Budich12}
\begin{align}
\label{eq:HR}
&H_R = i\kappa_+ \kappa_- \int dx \frac{\alpha(x)}{\pi a} \left( \frac{2\pi a}{L}\right)^K  \times \nonumber \\
&\times :\partial_x\theta(x) \left( :e^{-i2\phi(x)}: e^{i2k_Fx} + :e^{i2\phi(x)}: e^{-i2k_Fx} \right):
\end{align}
where $:\ldots:$ indicate normal order with respect to boson operators that annihilate the ground state of the helical liquid. Here, $\kappa_\pm$ are Klein factors \footnote{We use the Majorana fermions representation.}, and $a$ is a short-distance cutoff and the running scale in the RG approach.
For all purposes here, its bare value $a_0$ can readily be  identified with $\Lambda^{-1}$, where $\Lambda$ is the bandwidth previously introduced in the fermion RG analysis. The total bosonized Hamiltonian of the system is $H = \mathcal{H}_0 + H_R$. We perform an RG transformation in real space \cite{CardyBook}, which consists in rescaling first the short distance cutoff, $a \rightarrow a' = (1+d\ell)a$, and then the couplings in order to keep the low-energy form of the Hamiltonian invariant. We rescale the cutoff order by order in an expansion to order $\mathcal{O}(\alpha^2)$ of the partition function $\displaystyle \mathcal{Z} = \textrm{Tr} e^{-\beta\mathcal{H}_0 } \hat{U}(\beta,0)$, where $\hat{U}(\beta,0) = \mathcal{T}_\tau e^{- \int_0^\beta d\tau_1 \hat{\mathcal{H}}_R(\tau_1) }$ is the time-evolution operator in the interaction representation.

At tree level, we derive the following flow equation for the Rashba coupling
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:rg_alpha}
\frac{d\tilde{\alpha}}{d\ell} = - K \tilde{\alpha}(\ell),
\end{equation}
in which we have introduced the dimensionless variable $\tilde{\alpha} = \alpha/(\pi v a)$. Bosonization readily takes into account vertex corrections due to interactions and we recover Eq. \eqref{eq:RG_flow_2} in the limit of weak interactions, $K \rightarrow 1$. Two-particle inelastic backscattering is generated as a second-order perturbation process. Indeed the expansion to order $\alpha^2$ of the partition function leads to a term
\begin{align}
\label{eq:fermions}
&\alpha^2 \left(\frac{2a}{v}\right) \int_0^\beta d\tau_1 \; \left[(\partial_x \hat{\psi}^\dagger_{+})\hat{\psi}^\dagger_{+} (\partial_x\hat{\psi}_{-}) \hat{\psi}_{-}\right](1) \nonumber \\
&+\frac{\alpha^2}{2}\int_{v|\tau_1 - \tau_2|>a} \hspace{-1.1cm}d\tau_1 d\tau_2\;  (\partial_x \hat{\psi}^\dagger_{+})(1)\hat{\psi}^\dagger_{+}(2) (\partial_x\hat{\psi}_{-})(1)\hat{\psi}_{-}(2) + \textrm{H.c.}
\end{align}
where the UV cutoff is enforced by splitting the double integral over imaginary time into two parts for which $v|\tau_1 - \tau_2|<a$ and $v|\tau_1 - \tau_2|>a$, respectively. The first line, corresponding to short time differences $\tau_1 \simeq \tau_2$, contributes an inelastic scattering process. Importantly, in the limit of vanishing interactions, the first term exactly cancels a similar term generated by the cutoff rescaling in the second integral, proving that no two-particle backscattering occurs without interactions~\footnote{This subtlety of the RG procedure for impurity scattering was first noticed by Giamarchi and Schulz in their study of Anderson localization in 1D interacting liquids~\cite{Giamarchi88}, and recently emphasized by Gornyi {\it et al.}~\cite{Polyakov07} in their treatment of weak localization. }. By writing  Eq.~\eqref{eq:fermions}  in terms of the bosonic fields and after normal ordering, we obtain
\begin{align}
\label{eq:OPE}
&:\partial_x\theta(1)  :e^{i2\sqrt{K}\phi(1)}::\times :\partial_x\theta(2)  :e^{i2\sqrt{K}\phi(2)}:: \; \; =\nonumber \\
&\frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{2\pi}{L}(y+ a) \right)^{2K} \frac{1-2K}{(y + a)^2}  :e^{i2\sqrt{K}\phi(1)} e^{i2\sqrt{K}\phi(2)}: + \ldots
\end{align}
Note that we have rescaled the bosonic fields according to $\sqrt{K}\theta \rightarrow \theta$ and $\phi/\sqrt{K} \rightarrow \phi$. Furthermore, $y_{1(2)} = v\tau_{1(2)}$ has dimension of a length and we define $y = y_1-y_2$. Dots represent extra terms that have a vanishing expectation value. Keeping the lowest order term in an operator product expansion, the rescaling of $a$ generates a new coupling, which we identify with a two-particle inelastic backscattering process. At the end of the RG step, the time-evolution operator $\hat{U}(\beta,0)$ is corrected by a Hamiltonian
\begin{align}
\hspace{-0.2cm}\int_0^\beta d\tau_1 \hat{\mathcal{H}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\tau_1) =\frac{\tilde{\gamma}_{\textrm{2p}}}{a}  \int_0^{v\beta} dy\left[ e^{i4\sqrt{K}\phi(x_0,y)} + \textrm{H.c.} \right]
\end{align}
where $\tilde{\gamma}_{\textrm{2p}}$ is a dimensionless coupling~\footnote{Compared to Eq. \eqref{eq:H_2p}, we have $\tilde{\gamma}_{\textrm{2p}}^{\textrm{in}}=\gamma_{\textrm{2p}}^{\textrm{in}}/(\pi^2 v a^2) $  } given by
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:true_gamma}
\tilde{\gamma}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell) = \tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell) - \frac{\tilde{\alpha}(\ell)^2}{2K}(1-2K).
\end{equation}
On the r.h.s of Eq. \eqref{eq:true_gamma}, $ \tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell)$ stands for the true inelastic backscattering processes, which in the present case, has the bare value $ \tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell=0)=0$. The second term is the correction arising from the first integral in Eq. \eqref{eq:fermions}. Using Eq. \eqref{eq:rg_alpha}, the flow equation for the true inelastic two-particle backscattering reads
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:rg_gamma}
\frac{d\tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}}{d\ell}  = (1-4K) \tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell) + \left(1-\frac{1}{K} \right)(1-2K)\tilde{\alpha}(\ell)^2 .
\end{equation}
In the absence of interactions, $K=1$ and $ \tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell)=0$ at any scale $\ell$, consistently with the fermionic result of Eq. \eqref{eq:RG_flow_1}.

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=8cm,clip]{flow1}
\caption{Flow of $\tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}$ as a function of $\ell = \ln [a/a_0]$, for $K=0.7$. A crossover scale $\ell^*$ separates a region of linear growth for small $\ell < \ell^*$ from a region of exponential decay at large $\ell > \ell^*$. The inset is the same plot on a semi-logarithmic scale. The asymptote is for $e^{-2K\ell}$.  }
\label{Fig:flow1}
\end{figure}
{\it Transport.}---   We now apply a  small voltage bias $V$ to the helical liquid. The dc conductance $G$ is then obtained from linear response as the zero-frequency limit of the current-current correlation function \cite{Kane92a, Kane92b}. The latter is evaluated in perturbation theory, and because of TRI, corrections to the quantized conductance $G_0 = e^2/h$  arise only to order $\mathcal{O}(\alpha^4)$. Equivalently here, by letting the system flow to a certain scale $\ell$ we obtain corrections to conductance to order $\mathcal{O}(\tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell)^ 2)$ in perturbation theory. Integrating equations \eqref{eq:rg_alpha} and \eqref{eq:rg_gamma} between $0$ and $\ell$ we find $\tilde{\alpha}(\ell) = \tilde{\alpha}(0) e^{-K \ell}$ and
\begin{equation}
\tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell) = \left(1-\frac{1}{K} \right)\tilde{\alpha}(0)^2 \left[ e^{(1-4K)\ell} - e^{-2K\ell} \right],
\end{equation}
which we plot in Fig.~\ref{Fig:flow1} for a particular value of $K$.   We find two different asymptotic behaviors, separated by a crossover scale $\ell^* = (2K-1)^{-1}\ln[(4K-1)/(2K)]$, independent of $\tilde{\alpha}(0)$, the bare value of the Rashba coupling. For small $\ell \ll \ell^*$, $\tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell) \simeq \tilde{\alpha}(0)^2 (1-K^{-1})(1-2K)\ell e^{-2K\ell} $  while for $\ell \gg \ell^*$,
$\tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}$ crosses over from $\tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell) \simeq -\tilde{\alpha}(0)^2 (1-K^{-1})e^{-2K\ell}$ for $K>1/2$ to $\tilde{\gamma}^{\textrm{in}}_{\textrm{2p}}(\ell) \simeq \tilde{\alpha}(0)^2 (1-K^{-1})e^{(1-4K)\ell}$ for $K<1/2$. As can be seen from Eq. \eqref{eq:rg_gamma}, $K=1/2$ is an intermediate fixed point where two-particle inelastic backscattering is not generated, at least not in second order perturbation theory. Integrating out energy scales between the bare cutoff $a_0$ and the thermal length $a(\ell) = v\beta$, we obtain the   temperature scaling of Eq. (\ref{crossover}) for conductance corrections to order $\mathcal{O}(\tilde{\alpha}^4)$,
 for temperatures lower than the crossover temperature $T^* = (v/a_0)e^{-\ell^*}$, while for $T> T^*$, these corrections are logarithmically suppressed as $T$ approaches $T_0 = v/a_0$
\begin{equation}
\delta G/G_0 \sim (a_0 T/v)^{4K} \ln^2 (a_0 T/v),
\end{equation}
for all values of $K$. Note that for $K<1/4$, two-particle backscattering becomes a relevant perturbation and the Rashba impurity effectively cuts the helical liquid into two separate regions \cite{Kane92a, Kane92b, Zhang06c}. We emphasize that at low temperatures, $T\ll T^*$, and in the limit of weak interactions, $K \simeq 1$, we predict that corrections to the conductance from two-particle backscattering off a Rashba impurity scale as $T^4$ instead of $T^6$, as one would naively predict from the Hamiltonian of Eq. \eqref{eq:H_2p}.

{\it Discussion.}---  It is worth emphasizing the difference with respect to a recent work by Schmidt {\it et al}.~\cite{Schmidt12}, where a different model for a helical liquid  with broken $S_z$ symmetry was analysed. There, Rashba spin-orbit coupling, by imposing a momentum-dependent rotation of the spin of right and left movers, allows for inelasic {\it single-particle} backscattering off a scalar impurity. These processes contribute a $T^4$ correction to the quantized conductance, in the limit of weak Coulomb repulsion. The fact that in our approach, {\it  two-particle} backscattering actually leads to the same temperature dependence is a mere coincidence.

{\it Conclusions.}--- In summary, we have studied the simplest model of a 1D helical liquid in the presence of a TRI impurity and electron-electron interactions, that alters transport. Our approach provides a firm microscopic explanation for the generation of two-particle backscattering in helical liquids
and predicts the occurrence of a conductance crossover, which could not be captured by previous approaches. As current estimates for the Luttinger parameter in HgTe quantum wells, ranging between $K\simeq0.5$ and $K\simeq1$, show a strong dependence on the geometry of the device \cite{Maciejko09, Kane09, Chamon09, Japaridze10}, all regimes presented here could be of experimental relevance in transport measurements.\\

{\it Acknowledgements.}--- We thank Pauli Virtanen for many interesting discussions. Furthermore, we acknowledge financial support from the German-Italian Vigoni Program as well as the DFG.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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Blockly.Msg["IOS_ERROR"] = "Грешка";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_OK"] = "У реду";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_PROCEDURES_ADD_INPUT"] = "+ Додај унос";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_PROCEDURES_ALLOW_STATEMENTS"] = "Дозволи изјаве";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_PROCEDURES_DUPLICATE_INPUTS_ERROR"] = "Ова функција има дуплиране уносе.";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_PROCEDURES_INPUTS"] = "УНОСИ";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_VARIABLES_ADD_BUTTON"] = "Додај";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_VARIABLES_ADD_VARIABLE"] = "+ Додај променљиву";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_VARIABLES_DELETE_BUTTON"] = "Избриши";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_VARIABLES_EMPTY_NAME_ERROR"] = "Не можете да користите празно име променљиве.";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_VARIABLES_RENAME_BUTTON"] = "Преименуј";
Blockly.Msg["IOS_VARIABLES_VARIABLE_NAME"] = "Име променљиве";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_EMPTY_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#create-empty-list";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_EMPTY_TITLE"] = "направи празан списак";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_EMPTY_TOOLTIP"] = "враћа листу, дужине 0, не садржавајући  евиденцију података";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_WITH_CONTAINER_TITLE_ADD"] = "списак";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_WITH_CONTAINER_TOOLTIP"] = "Додајте, избришите, или преуредите делове како би се реорганизовали овај блок листе.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_WITH_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#create-list-with";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_WITH_INPUT_WITH"] = "направи списак са";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_WITH_ITEM_TOOLTIP"] = "Додајте ставку на списак.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_WITH_TOOLTIP"] = "Направите списак са било којим бројем ставки.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_FIRST"] = "прва";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_FROM_END"] = "# са краја";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_FROM_START"] = "#";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_GET"] = "преузми";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_GET_REMOVE"] = "преузми и уклони";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_LAST"] = "последња";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_RANDOM"] = "случајна";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_REMOVE"] = "уклони";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TAIL"] = "";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_GET_FIRST"] = "Враћа прву ставку на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_GET_FROM"] = "Враћа ставку на одређену позицију на листи.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_GET_LAST"] = "Враћа последњу ставку на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_GET_RANDOM"] = "Враћа случајну ставку са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_GET_REMOVE_FIRST"] = "Уклања и враћа прву ставку са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_GET_REMOVE_FROM"] = "Уклања и враћа ставку са одређеног положаја на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_GET_REMOVE_LAST"] = "Уклања и враћа последњу ставку са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_GET_REMOVE_RANDOM"] = "Уклања и враћа случајну ставку са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_REMOVE_FIRST"] = "Уклања прву ставку са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_REMOVE_FROM"] = "Уклања ставку са одређеног положаја на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_REMOVE_LAST"] = "Уклања последњу ставку са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_REMOVE_RANDOM"] = "Уклања случајну ставку са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_END_FROM_END"] = "до # од краја";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_END_FROM_START"] = "до #";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_END_LAST"] = "до последње";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#getting-a-sublist";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_START_FIRST"] = "преузми подсписак од прве";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_START_FROM_END"] = "преузми подсписак из # са краја";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_START_FROM_START"] = "преузми подсписак од #";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_TAIL"] = "";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_TOOLTIP"] = "Прави копију одређеног дела листе.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INDEX_FROM_END_TOOLTIP"] = "%1 је последња ставка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INDEX_FROM_START_TOOLTIP"] = "%1 је прва ставка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INDEX_OF_FIRST"] = "пронађи прво појављивање ставке";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INDEX_OF_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#getting-items-from-a-list";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INDEX_OF_LAST"] = "пронађи последње појављивање ставке";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INDEX_OF_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа број првог и/последњег уласка елемента у листу. Враћа %1 Ако елемент није пронађен.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INLIST"] = "на списку";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_ISEMPTY_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#is-empty";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_ISEMPTY_TITLE"] = "%1 је празан";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_ISEMPTY_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа вредност тачно ако је листа празна.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_LENGTH_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#length-of";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_LENGTH_TITLE"] = "дужина списка %1";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_LENGTH_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа дужину списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_REPEAT_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#create-list-with";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_REPEAT_TITLE"] = "Направити листу са ставком %1 која се понавлја %2 пута";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_REPEAT_TOOLTIP"] = "Прави листу која се састоји од задане вредности коју понавлјамо одређени број шута.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_REVERSE_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#reversing-a-list";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_REVERSE_MESSAGE0"] = "обрнуто %1";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_REVERSE_TOOLTIP"] = "Обрни копију списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#in-list--set";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_INPUT_TO"] = "као";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_INSERT"] = "убаци на";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_SET"] = "постави";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_INSERT_FIRST"] = "Убацује ставку на почетак списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_INSERT_FROM"] = "Убацује ставку на одређени положај на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_INSERT_LAST"] = "Додајте ставку на крај списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_INSERT_RANDOM"] = "Убацује ставку на случајно место на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_SET_FIRST"] = "Поставља прву ставку на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_SET_FROM"] = "Поставља ставку на одређени положај на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_SET_LAST"] = "Поставља последњу ставку на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_TOOLTIP_SET_RANDOM"] = "Поставља случајну ставку на списку.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SORT_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#sorting-a-list";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SORT_ORDER_ASCENDING"] = "растуће";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SORT_ORDER_DESCENDING"] = "опадајуће";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SORT_TITLE"] = "сортирај %1 %2 %3";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SORT_TOOLTIP"] = "Сортирајте копију списка.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SORT_TYPE_IGNORECASE"] = "азбучно, игнориши мала и велика слова";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SORT_TYPE_NUMERIC"] = "као бројеве";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SORT_TYPE_TEXT"] = "азбучно";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SPLIT_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Lists#splitting-strings-and-joining-lists";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SPLIT_LIST_FROM_TEXT"] = "направите листу са текста";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SPLIT_TEXT_FROM_LIST"] = "да текст из листе";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SPLIT_TOOLTIP_JOIN"] = "Да се придружи листу текстова у један текст, подељених за раздвајање.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SPLIT_TOOLTIP_SPLIT"] = "Поделити текст у листу текстова, разбијање на сваком граничник.";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SPLIT_WITH_DELIMITER"] = "са раздвајање";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_BOOLEAN_FALSE"] = "нетачно";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_BOOLEAN_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Logic#values";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_BOOLEAN_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа или тачно или нетачно.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_BOOLEAN_TRUE"] = "тачно";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_COMPARE_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Неједнакост";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_COMPARE_TOOLTIP_EQ"] = "Враћа вредност "тачно" ако су оба улаза једнака.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_COMPARE_TOOLTIP_GT"] = "Враћа вредност "тачно" ако је први улаз већи од другог.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_COMPARE_TOOLTIP_GTE"] = "Враћа вредност "тачно" ако је први улаз већи или једнак другом.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_COMPARE_TOOLTIP_LT"] = "Враћа вредност "тачно" ако је први улаз мањи од другог.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_COMPARE_TOOLTIP_LTE"] = "Враћа вредност "тачно" ако је први улаз мањи или једнак другом.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_COMPARE_TOOLTIP_NEQ"] = "Враћа вредност "тачно" ако су оба улаза неједнака.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_NEGATE_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Logic#not";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_NEGATE_TITLE"] = "није %1";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_NEGATE_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа вредност "тачно" ако је улаз нетачан. Враћа вредност "нетачно" ако је улаз тачан.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_NULL"] = "без вредности";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_NULL_HELPURL"] = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nullable_type";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_NULL_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа "без вредности".";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_OPERATION_AND"] = "и";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_OPERATION_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Logic#logical-operations";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_OPERATION_OR"] = "или";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_OPERATION_TOOLTIP_AND"] = "Враћа вредност "тачно" ако су оба улаза тачна.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_OPERATION_TOOLTIP_OR"] = "Враћа вредност "тачно" ако је бар један од улаза тачан.";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_TERNARY_CONDITION"] = "проба";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_TERNARY_HELPURL"] = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%3F:";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_TERNARY_IF_FALSE"] = "ако је нетачно";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_TERNARY_IF_TRUE"] = "ако је тачно";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_TERNARY_TOOLTIP"] = "Провери услов у 'test'. Ако је услов тачан, тада враћа 'if true' вредност; у другом случају враћа 'if false' вредност.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ADDITION_SYMBOL"] = "+";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ARITHMETIC_HELPURL"] = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ARITHMETIC_TOOLTIP_ADD"] = "Вратите збир два броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ARITHMETIC_TOOLTIP_DIVIDE"] = "Враћа количник два броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ARITHMETIC_TOOLTIP_MINUS"] = "Враћа разлику два броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ARITHMETIC_TOOLTIP_MULTIPLY"] = "Враћа производ два броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ARITHMETIC_TOOLTIP_POWER"] = "Враћа први број степенован другим.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_CHANGE_HELPURL"] = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_idiom#Incrementing_a_counter";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_CHANGE_TITLE"] = "промени %1 за %2";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_CHANGE_TOOLTIP"] = "Додајте број променљивој "%1".";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_CONSTANT_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Математичка_константа";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_CONSTANT_TOOLTIP"] = "врати једну од заједничких константи: π (3.141…), e (2.718…), φ (1.618…), sqrt(2) (1.414…), sqrt(½) (0.707…), или ∞ (infinity).";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_CONSTRAIN_HELPURL"] = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clamping_(graphics)";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["MATH_CONSTRAIN_TITLE"] = "ограничи %1 ниско %2 високо %3";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_CONSTRAIN_TOOLTIP"] = "Ограничава број на доње и горње границе (укључиво).";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_DIVISION_SYMBOL"] = "÷";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_IS_DIVISIBLE_BY"] = "је дељив са";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_IS_EVEN"] = "је паран";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_IS_NEGATIVE"] = "је негативан";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_IS_ODD"] = "је непаран";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_IS_POSITIVE"] = "је позитиван";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_IS_PRIME"] = "је прост";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_IS_TOOLTIP"] = "Провјерава да ли је број паран, непаран, прост, цио, позитиван, негативан, или да ли је делјив са одређеним бројем. Враћа тачно или нетачно.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_IS_WHOLE"] = "је цео";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_MODULO_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Конгруенција";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_MODULO_TITLE"] = "подсетник од %1 ÷ %2";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_MODULO_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа подсетник од дељења два броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_MULTIPLICATION_SYMBOL"] = "×";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_NUMBER_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Број";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_NUMBER_TOOLTIP"] = "Број.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_HELPURL"] = "";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_OPERATOR_AVERAGE"] = "просек списка";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_OPERATOR_MAX"] = "макс. списка";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_OPERATOR_MEDIAN"] = "медијана списка";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_OPERATOR_MIN"] = "мин. списка";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_OPERATOR_MODE"] = "модус списка";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_OPERATOR_RANDOM"] = "случајна ставка списка";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_OPERATOR_STD_DEV"] = "стандардна девијација списка";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_OPERATOR_SUM"] = "збир списка";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_TOOLTIP_AVERAGE"] = "Враћа просек нумеричких вредности са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_TOOLTIP_MAX"] = "Враћа највећи број са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_TOOLTIP_MEDIAN"] = "Враћа медијану са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_TOOLTIP_MIN"] = "Враћа најмањи број са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_TOOLTIP_MODE"] = "Враћа најчешће ставке са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_TOOLTIP_RANDOM"] = "Враћа случајни елемент са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_TOOLTIP_STD_DEV"] = "Враћа стандардну девијацију списка.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ONLIST_TOOLTIP_SUM"] = "Враћа збир свих бројева са списка.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_POWER_SYMBOL"] = "^";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_RANDOM_FLOAT_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Генератор_случајних_бројева";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_RANDOM_FLOAT_TITLE_RANDOM"] = "случајни разломак";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_RANDOM_FLOAT_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа случајни разломак између 0.0 (укључиво) и 1.0 (искључиво).";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_RANDOM_INT_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Генератор_случајних_бројева";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_RANDOM_INT_TITLE"] = "сличајно одабрани цијели број од %1 до %2";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_RANDOM_INT_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа случајно одабрани цели број између две одређене границе, уклјучиво.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ROUND_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Заокруживање";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ROUND_OPERATOR_ROUND"] = "заокружи";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ROUND_OPERATOR_ROUNDDOWN"] = "заокружи наниже";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ROUND_OPERATOR_ROUNDUP"] = "заокружи навише";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_ROUND_TOOLTIP"] = "Заокружите број на већу или мању вредност.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Квадратни_корен";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_OP_ABSOLUTE"] = "апсолутан";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_OP_ROOT"] = "квадратни корен";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_TOOLTIP_ABS"] = "Враћа апсолутну вредност броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_TOOLTIP_EXP"] = "вратити е на власти броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_TOOLTIP_LN"] = "Враћа природни логаритам броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_TOOLTIP_LOG10"] = "Враћа логаритам броја са основом 10.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_TOOLTIP_NEG"] = "Враћа негацију броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_TOOLTIP_POW10"] = "Враћа 10-ти степен броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SINGLE_TOOLTIP_ROOT"] = "Враћа квадратни корен броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_SUBTRACTION_SYMBOL"] = "-";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_ACOS"] = "арц цос";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_ASIN"] = "арц син";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_ATAN"] = "арц тан";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_COS"] = "цос";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Тригонометријске_функције";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_SIN"] = "син";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_TAN"] = "тан";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_TOOLTIP_ACOS"] = "Враћа аркус косинус броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_TOOLTIP_ASIN"] = "Враћа аркус броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_TOOLTIP_ATAN"] = "Враћа аркус тангенс броја.";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_TOOLTIP_COS"] = "Враћа косинус степена (не радијан).";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_TOOLTIP_SIN"] = "Враћа синус степена (не радијан).";
Blockly.Msg["MATH_TRIG_TOOLTIP_TAN"] = "Враћа тангенс степена (не радијан).";
Blockly.Msg["NEW_COLOUR_VARIABLE"] = "Направи променљиву боје...";
Blockly.Msg["NEW_NUMBER_VARIABLE"] = "Направи променљиву броја...";
Blockly.Msg["NEW_STRING_VARIABLE"] = "Направи променљиву ниске...";
Blockly.Msg["NEW_VARIABLE"] = "Направи променљиву…";
Blockly.Msg["NEW_VARIABLE_TITLE"] = "Име нове променљиве:";
Blockly.Msg["NEW_VARIABLE_TYPE_TITLE"] = "Нови тип променљиве:";
Blockly.Msg["ORDINAL_NUMBER_SUFFIX"] = "";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_ALLOW_STATEMENTS"] = "дозволити изреке";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_BEFORE_PARAMS"] = "са:";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_CALLNORETURN_HELPURL"] = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subroutine";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_CALLNORETURN_TOOLTIP"] = "Покрените прилагођену функцију "%1".";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_CALLRETURN_HELPURL"] = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subroutine";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_CALLRETURN_TOOLTIP"] = "Покрените прилагођену функцију "%1" и користи њен излаз.";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_CALL_BEFORE_PARAMS"] = "са:";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_CREATE_DO"] = "Направи "%1"";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_COMMENT"] = "Описати ову функцију...";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_DO"] = "";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_HELPURL"] = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedure_%28computer_science%29";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_PROCEDURE"] = "урадите нешто";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_TITLE"] = "да";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_TOOLTIP"] = "Прави функцију без излаза.";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFRETURN_HELPURL"] = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedure_%28computer_science%29";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFRETURN_RETURN"] = "врати";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFRETURN_TOOLTIP"] = "Прави функцију са излазом.";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEF_DUPLICATE_WARNING"] = "Упозорење: Ова функција има дупликате параметара.";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_HIGHLIGHT_DEF"] = "Истакни дефиницију функције";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_IFRETURN_HELPURL"] = "http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?GuardClause";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_IFRETURN_TOOLTIP"] = "Уколико је вредност тачна, врати другу вредност.";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_IFRETURN_WARNING"] = "Упозорење: Овај блок се може користити једино у дефиницији функције.";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_MUTATORARG_TITLE"] = "назив улаза:";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_MUTATORARG_TOOLTIP"] = "Додајте улазна функција.";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_MUTATORCONTAINER_TITLE"] = "улази";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_MUTATORCONTAINER_TOOLTIP"] = "Да додате, уклоните или переупорядочить улаза за ову функцију.";
Blockly.Msg["REDO"] = "Понови";
Blockly.Msg["REMOVE_COMMENT"] = "Уклони коментар";
Blockly.Msg["RENAME_VARIABLE"] = "Преименуј променљиву…";
Blockly.Msg["RENAME_VARIABLE_TITLE"] = "Преименуј све '%1' променљиве у:";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_APPEND_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#text-modification";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_APPEND_TITLE"] = "на %1 додај текст %2";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_APPEND_TOOLTIP"] = "Додајте текст на променљиву "%1".";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHANGECASE_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#adjusting-text-case";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHANGECASE_OPERATOR_LOWERCASE"] = "малим словима";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHANGECASE_OPERATOR_TITLECASE"] = "свака реч великим словом";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHANGECASE_OPERATOR_UPPERCASE"] = "великим словима";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHANGECASE_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа примерак текста са другачијом величином слова.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHARAT_FIRST"] = "преузми прво слово";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHARAT_FROM_END"] = "преузми слово # са краја";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHARAT_FROM_START"] = "преузми слово #";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHARAT_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#extracting-text";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHARAT_LAST"] = "преузми последње слово";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHARAT_RANDOM"] = "преузми случајно слово";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHARAT_TAIL"] = "";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHARAT_TITLE"] = "у тексту %1 %2";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CHARAT_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа слово на одређени положај.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_COUNT_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#counting-substrings";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_COUNT_MESSAGE0"] = "број %1 у %2";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_COUNT_TOOLTIP"] = "Броји колико пута се неки текст појављује унутар неког другог текста.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CREATE_JOIN_ITEM_TOOLTIP"] = "Додајте ставку у текст.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CREATE_JOIN_TITLE_JOIN"] = "спајањем";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CREATE_JOIN_TOOLTIP"] = "Додај, уклони, или другачије поредај одјелке како би изнова поставили овај текст блок.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_END_FROM_END"] = "слову # са краја";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_END_FROM_START"] = "слову #";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_END_LAST"] = "последњем слову";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#extracting-a-region-of-text";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_INPUT_IN_TEXT"] = "у тексту";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_START_FIRST"] = "преузми подниску из првог слова";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_START_FROM_END"] = "преузми подниску из слова # са краја";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_START_FROM_START"] = "преузми подниску из слова #";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_TAIL"] = "";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_GET_SUBSTRING_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа одређени део текста.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_INDEXOF_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#finding-text";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_INDEXOF_OPERATOR_FIRST"] = "пронађи прво појављивање текста";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_INDEXOF_OPERATOR_LAST"] = "пронађи последње појављивање текста";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_INDEXOF_TITLE"] = "у тексту %1 %2 %3";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_INDEXOF_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа однос првог/заднјег појавлјиванја текста у другом тексту. Врађа %1 ако текст није пронађен.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_ISEMPTY_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#checking-for-empty-text";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_ISEMPTY_TITLE"] = "%1 је празан";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_ISEMPTY_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа тачно ако је доставлјени текст празан.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_JOIN_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#text-creation";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_JOIN_TITLE_CREATEWITH"] = "напиши текст са";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_JOIN_TOOLTIP"] = "Направити дио текста спајајући различите ставке.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_LENGTH_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#text-modification";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_LENGTH_TITLE"] = "дужина текста %1";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_LENGTH_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа број слова (уклјучујући размаке) у датом тексту.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_PRINT_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#printing-text";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_PRINT_TITLE"] = "прикажи %1";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_PRINT_TOOLTIP"] = "Прикажите одређени текст, број или другу вредност на екрану.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_PROMPT_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#getting-input-from-the-user";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_PROMPT_TOOLTIP_NUMBER"] = "Питајте корисника за број.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_PROMPT_TOOLTIP_TEXT"] = "Питајте корисника за унос текста.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_PROMPT_TYPE_NUMBER"] = "питај за број са поруком";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_PROMPT_TYPE_TEXT"] = "питај за текст са поруком";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_REPLACE_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#replacing-substrings";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_REPLACE_MESSAGE0"] = "замена %1 са %2 у %3";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_REPLACE_TOOLTIP"] = "Замена свих појава неког текста унутар неког другог текста.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_REVERSE_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#reversing-text";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_REVERSE_MESSAGE0"] = "обрнуто %1";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_REVERSE_TOOLTIP"] = "Обрће редослед карактера у тексту.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_TEXT_HELPURL"] = "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ниска";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_TEXT_TOOLTIP"] = "Слово, реч или ред текста.";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_TRIM_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Text#trimming-removing-spaces";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_TRIM_OPERATOR_BOTH"] = "трим празнине са обе стране";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_TRIM_OPERATOR_LEFT"] = "скратити простор са леве стране";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_TRIM_OPERATOR_RIGHT"] = "скратити простор са десне стране";
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_TRIM_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа копију текста са уклонјеним простором са једног од два краја.";
Blockly.Msg["TODAY"] = "Данас";
Blockly.Msg["UNDO"] = "Опозови";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_DEFAULT_NAME"] = "ставка";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_GET_CREATE_SET"] = "Направи "постави %1"";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_GET_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Variables#get";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_GET_TOOLTIP"] = "Враћа вредност ове променљиве.";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_SET"] = "постави %1 у %2";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_SET_CREATE_GET"] = "Направи "преузми %1"";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_SET_HELPURL"] = "https://github.com/google/blockly/wiki/Variables#set";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_SET_TOOLTIP"] = "Поставља променљиву тако да буде једнака улазу.";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLE_ALREADY_EXISTS"] = "Променљива под именом '%1' већ постоји.";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLE_ALREADY_EXISTS_FOR_ANOTHER_TYPE"] = "Променљива под именом '%1' већ постоји за други тип: '%2'.";
Blockly.Msg["WORKSPACE_COMMENT_DEFAULT_TEXT"] = "Say something...";  // untranslated
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFRETURN_TITLE"] = Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_TITLE"];
Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_IF_IF_TITLE_IF"] = Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_IF_MSG_IF"];
Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_WHILEUNTIL_INPUT_DO"] = Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_REPEAT_INPUT_DO"];
Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_IF_MSG_THEN"] = Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_REPEAT_INPUT_DO"];
Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_IF_ELSE_TITLE_ELSE"] = Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_IF_MSG_ELSE"];
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFRETURN_PROCEDURE"] = Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_PROCEDURE"];
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_SUBLIST_INPUT_IN_LIST"] = Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INLIST"];
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_INPUT_IN_LIST"] = Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INLIST"];
Blockly.Msg["MATH_CHANGE_TITLE_ITEM"] = Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_DEFAULT_NAME"];
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFRETURN_DO"] = Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_DO"];
Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_IF_ELSEIF_TITLE_ELSEIF"] = Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_IF_MSG_ELSEIF"];
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_GET_INDEX_HELPURL"] = Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INDEX_OF_HELPURL"];
Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_FOREACH_INPUT_DO"] = Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_REPEAT_INPUT_DO"];
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_SET_INDEX_INPUT_IN_LIST"] = Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INLIST"];
Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_FOR_INPUT_DO"] = Blockly.Msg["CONTROLS_REPEAT_INPUT_DO"];
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_CREATE_WITH_ITEM_TITLE"] = Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_DEFAULT_NAME"];
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_APPEND_VARIABLE"] = Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_DEFAULT_NAME"];
Blockly.Msg["TEXT_CREATE_JOIN_ITEM_TITLE_ITEM"] = Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_DEFAULT_NAME"];
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INDEX_OF_INPUT_IN_LIST"] = Blockly.Msg["LISTS_INLIST"];
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFRETURN_COMMENT"] = Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_DEFNORETURN_COMMENT"];

Blockly.Msg["MATH_HUE"] = "230";
Blockly.Msg["LOOPS_HUE"] = "120";
Blockly.Msg["LISTS_HUE"] = "260";
Blockly.Msg["LOGIC_HUE"] = "210";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_HUE"] = "330";
Blockly.Msg["TEXTS_HUE"] = "160";
Blockly.Msg["PROCEDURES_HUE"] = "290";
Blockly.Msg["COLOUR_HUE"] = "20";
Blockly.Msg["VARIABLES_DYNAMIC_HUE"] = "310";

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
liquor stores Apr 8, 2020
Liquor Stores Adapt to New Restrictions, Find New Ways to Keep Serving Customers
The city of Meriden is shortening the hours of local liquor stores. In an order posted to the city's Facebook page, City Manager Timothy Coon said they must close at 7 p.m. Monday through Saturday, and by 5 p.m. on Sundays, beginning Wednesday, April 8. Many liquor store owners are already taking steps on their own to keep their customers…
Many liquor store owners are already taking steps on their own to keep their customers and their staff safe.
Package Stores See Sales Increase
While many businesses struggle during the coronavirus pandemic, those selling alcohol are seeing increases in sales.
package stores Mar 19, 2020
No Plans to Close CT Package Stores: WSWC
Good news for those who may want to enjoy a stiff drink during these trying times. State officials are not currently considering closing Connecticut package stores, according to officials from the Wine and Spirit Wholesalers (WSWC) of Connecticut. Larry Cafero, executive director of WSWC, said he spoke with the governor's office Wednesday and was told they are not considering...


Veeck and Paige–a third time?
In 1959, when Bill Veeck purchased the White Sox rumors swirled in Chicago that the Sox owner was planning on having Satchel Paige start on Opening Day. Later, as the Sox were making a run for their first American League Pennant in 40 years the rumors resurfaced that the ageless Paige would join the White Sox for the Pennant run.
Paige, who had played for Veeck with the Cleveland Indians and St. Louis Browns, had spent 1956-59 with the Miami Marlins in the International League, winning 31 games. He had returned to barnstorming with the Cuban Giants and Indianapolis Clowns in 1959, but it was reported he was looking for another chance in the Major Leagues, and in June it began to be reported again that Paige would be joining the Sox.
And with that White Sox fans missed the chance to see the pitcher who Veeck called "The best righthander baseball has ever known," pitch for the 1959 Pennant winners.


text:
Q: Owl Carousel Slider jamming in Safari I am having trouble getting my Owl Carousel Slider to work properly on a website that I made on this site... Justin Kim
I have adjusted all of the photos so that they would not have to resize and slow down the speed of the site. This site works great on chrome, IE and mobile browsers. I have added the
.owl-carousel .owl-wrapper-outer{
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    z-index: 1;  // added this
}

fix and this has still not helped with my issue. I have also looked at the dev tools and unable to come up with why this is happening.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


All of my kids had incredible teachers this year! I wanted to help the kids come up with a thank you gift they could make for their teachers that would be meaningful for both them and the teacher. These DIY terrariums were easy to make, and they were a gift my kids adored making and giving to their teachers!
Update:We kept one terrarium for ourselves. Our terrarium thrived for well over a year until we let it get too cold one night.
My kids share my fascination with terrariums, particularly DIY terrariums. We admire photos of them online all the time! I had looked into making several different types of terrariums in the past, but this was our first time actually completing this project!
Sourcing the materials for a terrarium felt incredibly intimidating to me as a beginner. The two terrarium kits I bought included everything shown above plus the glass "bubbles", hanging twine, a water atomizer (little spray bottle), and the live air plants. Air plants are pretty great terrarium plants, because they don't have roots to worry about. The kits I bought were similar to this air plant terrarium kit; you can also source the glass terrariums , bromeliads , preserved moss , vermiculite , perlite , dried lichen , twine , and rocks separately.
My kids have enough experience with crafting that I could trust even three-year-old Anna with a glass bubble. As always, they were closely supervised, and we had a talk before starting about how fragile the bubbles were.
Each child put a lot of thought into what they wanted to include in their terrarium! We had plenty of materials for them to design to their hearts' delight, with preserved moss , vermiculite , perlite , dried lichen , twine , and rocks to spare. We are still deciding how to use the leftovers – fortunately they are all non-perishable, so we can take our time deciding what to do.
The kids decorated these treat boxes and used wood shavings that had come in our kits as padding to deliver their terrariums to their teachers.
If you OR your kids have ever wanted to give DIY terrariums a go, bromeliad terrariums are a fabulous place to start! Do you have any recommendations as to what we should do with the leftover materials?
These are beautiful, memorable gifts!
Fairy houses! That's on my kids' MUST DO list ever since we saw the gnomist documentary (I think that was the name).
I think we might make some for the grandparents, my kids' would love to do this.
Fairy houses are at the top of our list!
Gorgeous!!! I love your terrariums! My kids would love to make these too! Saving this for a summer project!
The kits make it really easy!
They are gorgeous! This can make a wonderful Christmas gift too!


Why should you retain David Clout & Associates to assist with your financial issue?
Home » Why should you retain David Clout & Associates to assist with your financial issue?
David Clout & Associates is a boutique firm of insolvency accountants, specialising in turnaround solutions and management, and personal and corporate insolvency. Our main objective is to provide you with the highest-quality solvency/insolvency advice at a reasonable price. In order to do this, we keep our overheads low and hire people who are great at what they do.
How will we approach your matter?
The methodology we apply to all our matters ensures that we come up with the most appropriate and cost-effective strategy for your situation.
Step 1: You call us to arrange your initial consultation.
Step 2: We find the facts.
When you come in for your consultation, we sit down and talk with you, so that we have a detailed picture of your situation. We listen to You.
Step 3: We analyse your situation.
We then analyse your situation from a number of perspectives.
Step 4: We come up with a solution to enable you to move forward.
Finally, we devise a strategy to move forward, which is tailored to your specific situation. In short, we specialise in bespoke solvency solutions.
At David Clout & Associates, we run a tight ship and pride ourselves on the efficient way in which we run our matters.
By that, we mean that our teams are small and tightly knit. The manager running your matter will know exactly what tasks the junior staff are undertaking. Tasks are always allocated appropriately, according to qualifications and experience, to ensure the work on your matter is completed in the most efficient and cost-effective manner possible.
For companies, we offer advice on business recovery and restructuring (turnaround) and, as registered liquidators, we can help with corporate insolvency appointments .
For individuals, we offer financial stress advice and, as registered Trustees, can also help with personal insolvency or bankruptcy.
stakeholders involved in disputes (companies, partnerships and trusts).
So, if you are looking for a team of experienced insolvency professionals who will look at your issue (whether you are a personal or corporate client) from a number of perspectives and design the best possible solution for your situation, we would be happy to talk to you.


text:
Delta Airlines Beats Third Quarter Earnings Estimates
Matthew DeBord and Reuters
Getty Images/Andrew Burton
(Reuters) - Delta Air Lines beat Wall Street analysts' expectations, with a quarterly profit of $1.20 per share, versus an anticipated $1.18.
Overall quarterly profit fell 74 percent to $357 million, partly due to a jump in operating expenses, including the elimination of debt.
Operating revenue increased 6.6 percent rise to $11.18 billion in the third quarter ended Sept. 30, helped by strong U.S. business and leisure travel.
Traffic increased 3.7 percent.
SEE ALSO: Ebola Stock Drop Won't Hurt Airline Earnings For Third Quarter
More: Reuters Business Transportation Contributor Delta Air lines
Goldman Sachs reveals the top 25 overlooked opportunities that could make investors a bundle this earnings season
We're building fewer elevators and escalators — and it's evidence that 'growth might go to zero'
The amount of software running on traditional servers is set to almost halve in the next 3 years amid the shift to the cloud, and it's great news for the data center business


text:
using namespace world;

class ExplorationSpy;

class SnitchNode : public WorldNode {
public:
    ExplorationSpy &_spy;

    SnitchNode(ExplorationSpy &spy) : _spy(spy) {}

    void collect(ICollector &collector, const IResolutionModel &model,
                 const ExplorationContext &ctx) override;
};

class ExplorationSpy : public IChunkDecorator {
public:
    bool _verbose = false;
    int _chunkCounter = 0;
    std::map<NodeKey, vec3d> _positions;

    void decorate(Chunk &chunk, const ExplorationContext &ctx) override {
        if (_verbose) {
            std::cout << "Exploration of chunk n°" << _chunkCounter
                      << std::endl;
            std::cout << "\tDimensions: " << chunk.getSize()
                      << ", position: " << chunk.getPosition3D() << std::endl;
            std::cout << "\tResolution: min " << chunk.getMinResolution()
                      << ", max " << chunk.getMaxResolution() << std::endl;
        }

        SnitchNode &node = chunk.addChild<SnitchNode>(*this);
        node.setPosition3D(vec3d{0, 0, 0});

        ++_chunkCounter;
    }
};

void SnitchNode::collect(ICollector &collector, const IResolutionModel &model,
                         const ExplorationContext &ctx) {
    vec3d offset = ctx.getOffset();
    ItemKey itemKey = ctx.mutateKey(ItemKeys::defaultKey());
    NodeKey nodeKey = ItemKeys::getLastNode(ItemKeys::getParent(itemKey));
    _spy._positions[nodeKey] = offset;
}

TEST_CASE("GridChunkSystem", "[chunksystem]") {
    GridChunkSystem chunkSystem(1000, 6, 0.5);
    ExplorationSpy &spy = chunkSystem.addDecorator<ExplorationSpy>();

    SECTION("TileSystem config") {
        const TileSystem &ts = chunkSystem.getTileSystem();

        std::stringstream resolutions;

        for (int i = 0; i <= ts._maxLod; ++i) {
            resolutions << ts.getMinResolution(i) << " "
                        << ts.getMaxResolution(i) << std::endl;
        }
        INFO(resolutions.str());

        CHECK(ts.getMaxResolution(0) == Approx(0.5));
    }

    SECTION("Collecting") {
        FirstPersonView fpsView;
        Collector collector;

        chunkSystem.collect(collector, fpsView);

        bool success = true;
        std::stringstream errors;

        for (auto &entry : spy._positions) {
            vec3d goodOffset =
                chunkSystem.getOffset(TileCoordinates(entry.first));
            vec3d realOffset = entry.second;

            if (goodOffset.length(realOffset) != Approx(0)) {
                success = false;
                errors << realOffset << " should be " << goodOffset
                       << std::endl;
            }
        }

        INFO(errors.str());
        CHECK(success);
    }
}


text:
A 4-years Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network (ITN)
Based on this understanding, interventions at the individual and the urban level to improve health and health equity will be identified, implemented and evaluated.
10 institutes
15 ESRs
A diverse and multidisciplinary team of researchers
SURREAL brings together a diverse group of researchers that takes a broad perspective and work jointly to tackle some of the most urgent questions concerned with health in cities.
In SURREAL, 15 Early Stage Researchers (ESRs) are working at 10 institutes across 7 countries.
Meet the ESRs
Martin Dijst
SURREAL Network Coordinator, Professor, Department of Urban Development & Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Luxembourg
Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Spatial Planning, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
Professor, Director of the Urban Planning, Environment and Health Initiative, ISGLOBAL, Spain
Amit Birenboim
Senior Lecturer, Department of geography and the Center for Urban Innovation, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
Basile Chaix
Professor, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France
Hans Orru
Associate Professor, Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Estonia
Ilonca Vaartjes
Associate Professor, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
Kati Orru
SURREAL Gender Coordinator, Associate Professor, Institute of Social Studies, University of Tartu, Estonia
Monique Simons
Senior Researcher, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands
Erik Timmermans
Assistant Professor, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
Mariëlle A. Beenackers
Assistant Professor, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Claus Vögele
Professor, Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Frank van Lenthe
Professor, Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Tim Nawrot
Professor, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hasselt, Belgium
Camille Perchoux
Research Associate, Department of Urban Development & Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Luxembourg
Yvonne Koop
Head of the WHO European Office for Investment for Health and Development, Venice, Italy
Mariël Droomers
Senior Advisor Healthy Living Environment, Municipality Utrecht
Michael Jerrett
Full Professor, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Peter Groenewegen
Senior Researcher, Healthcare System and Governance at Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
Additional roles
SURREAL Consortium Office Manager, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Luxemburg
Esther Zana-Nau
SURREAL Ombudsperson – Ethical Officer, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Luxemburg
Lea Sgier
SURREAL Ethics Advisor, University of Geneva, Switzerland
Universities & Institutes
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