text:
Q: Android Studio program crashes when user logs in I am in the midst of creating an Android Studio notes program, and it was working fine, until it suddenly started crashing whenever I tried to log in using Firebase. The thing is, I did not change any code at all so I have no idea how to debug.
I have also tried downloading a different emulator but it didn't work.
I also have a hunch that the error could be to do with Firebase, as nothing happened in between the time it worked and stopped working, except that I deleted all the information (eg. passwords, usernames). However, to my knowledge, nothing should happen as the realtime database will just repopulate whenever I create new users through the app.
Error message when it crashes
07-24 15:06:45.930 6361-6361/com.example.user.planner E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    Process: com.example.user.planner, PID: 6361
    com.google.firebase.database.DatabaseException: Can't convert object of type java.lang.String to type Model.ListItem
        at com.google.android.gms.internal.zzelw.zzb(Unknown Source:262)
        at com.google.android.gms.internal.zzelw.zza(Unknown Source:0)
        at com.google.firebase.database.DataSnapshot.getValue(Unknown Source:10)
        at com.example.user.planner.Notes_Overview$3.onChildAdded(Notes_Overview.java:167)
        at com.google.android.gms.internal.zzecw.zza(Unknown Source:71)
        at com.google.android.gms.internal.zzeia.zzbyc(Unknown Source:2)
        at com.google.android.gms.internal.zzeig.run(Unknown Source:71)
        at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:873)
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:193)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6669)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
        at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:493)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:858)

So I tried debugging based on the error message, which brings me to this particular Java file.
public class Notes_Overview extends AppCompatActivity {

private EditText task;
private EditText desc;
private Button RedirectToDoButton;
private RecyclerView recyclerView;
private FloatingActionButton FAB;
private RecyclerView.Adapter adapter;
private List<ListItem> listItems;
private FirebaseAuth mAuth;
private FirebaseUser mUser;
private FirebaseDatabase mDatabase;
private DatabaseReference mDatabaseReference;
private ProgressDialog mProgress;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_notes__overview);

    task = findViewById(R.id.task_title_edittext);
    desc = findViewById(R.id.desc_title_edittext);
    RedirectToDoButton = findViewById(R.id.RedirectCalendarButton);
    FAB = findViewById(R.id.floatingActionButton);
    recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recycler);

    mAuth = FirebaseAuth.getInstance();
    mUser = mAuth.getCurrentUser();

    mProgress = new ProgressDialog(Notes_Overview.this);
    //consider using ProgressBar instead of ProgressDialog
    mDatabase = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance();
    mDatabaseReference = mDatabase.getReference().child("To-Dos");
    mDatabaseReference.keepSynced(true);

    FAB.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            startPosting();
        }
    });

    RedirectToDoButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(Notes_Overview.this, Calendar_Overview.class);
            startActivity(intent);
        }
    });

    recyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
    recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));

    listItems = new ArrayList<>();

    //to prevent initialisation of the EditText every time user comes to this activity
    getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_HIDDEN);
    //to prevent initialisation of the EditText to shift the layout upwards
    getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_PAN);
}

private void startPosting() {

    mProgress.setMessage("Creating note");
    mProgress.show();

    String event = task.getText().toString().trim();
    String description = desc.getText().toString().trim();

    if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(event) && !TextUtils.isEmpty(description)) {

        DatabaseReference newPost = mDatabaseReference.push();

        Map<String, String> dataToSave = new HashMap<>();
        dataToSave.put("event", event);
        dataToSave.put("description", description);

        newPost.setValue(dataToSave);
        Toast.makeText(Notes_Overview.this, "To-Do created", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        mProgress.dismiss();
    }
}

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    if (item.getItemId() == R.id.action_signout) {
        if (mUser != null && mAuth != null) {
            mAuth.signOut();
            Toast.makeText(Notes_Overview.this, "Signed out", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            startActivity(new Intent(Notes_Overview.this, MainActivity.class));
        }
    }
    return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main_menu, menu);
    return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}

@Override
protected void onStart() {
    super.onStart();

    mDatabaseReference.addChildEventListener(new ChildEventListener() {
        @Override
        public void onChildAdded(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot, String s) {

            ListItem listitem = dataSnapshot.getValue(ListItem.class);
            listItems.add(listitem);
            Collections.reverse(listItems);
            adapter = new MyAdapter(Notes_Overview.this, listItems);
            recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
            adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

        }

        @Override
        public void onChildChanged(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot, String s) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onChildRemoved(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onChildMoved(DataSnapshot dataSnapshot, String s) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onCancelled(DatabaseError databaseError) {

        }
    });
}

}
And the ListItem class is this.
package Model;

public class ListItem {
    private String event;
    private String description;

    public ListItem(){

    }

    public ListItem(String event, String description) {
        this.event=event;
        this.description=description;
    }

    public String getEvent() {
        return event;
    }

    public void setEvent(String event) {
        this.event = event;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }

}

I have tried my best to give as much relevant information as possible, but in case more is needed, do let me know.


text:
Madison Children's Museum is a capital attraction for kids and families
Exhibits at Madison Children's Museum are designed for open-ended play and learning.
Madison Children's Museum is a capital attraction for kids and families Exhibits at Madison Children's Museum are designed for open-ended play and learning. Check out this story on jsonline.com: https://www.jsonline.com/story/travel/wisconsin/2018/10/26/madison-childrens-museum/1731532002/
Brian E. Clark, Special to the Journal Sentinel Published 8:00 a.m. CT Oct. 26, 2018
A youngster runs in a human-sized gerbil wheel in the "Possible-opolis" exhibit at the Madison Children's Museum.(Photo: Brian E. Clark)
The view from the top of the four-story Madison Children's Museum offers vistas – at the building's rear – of Lake Mendota from a perch on a crow's nest. And of the Capitol building from the triangular-shaped front of the structure, a former Montgomery Ward store that existed at the site from 1919 to 1942 and was later converted into a state office building.
Between the two lookouts is a rooftop garden with herbs and vegetables, a sandbox, a clubhouse for making art and learning, a chicken coop, a pigeon roost and a two-headed metal structure called "Lovebirds." Created by Tom Every, who who lives near the Sauk County village of North Freedom and is one of the Midwest's best-known metal sculptors, the big bird's round belly was once a cheese-making kettle.
RELATED: From visionaries and outsiders, art creations abound on Wisconsin's back roads
A mother and her toddler play in a sandbox below "Lovebirds" at the Madison Children's Museum. "Lovebirds" was created by Sauk County metal sculptor Tom Every, also known as Dr. Evermor. (Photo: Brian E. Clark)
Every, who goes by Dr. Evermor, double-purposed the kettle so it also serves as a home for bats, said Brenda Baker, lead exhibit designer for the museum and a longtime employee. Underneath "Lovebirds," which was made from pieces Every gathered from Wisconsin businesses over the decades, diminutive young construction workers played with toy trucks in the sand when I visited recently.
The "Rooftop Ramble" as it is officially known, is a popular part of the museum among visitors of all ages, Baker said. "It's kind of like a park in the sky, a year-round, outdoor learning environment that focuses on nature and sustainability education. We use a lot of the beautiful and edible plants we grow here in the tasty things we make in our solar oven and to teach kids about where their food comes from."
Come winter, the rooftop will sprout a toddlers' ice skating rink, where youngsters can strap on skates with two blades on the bottom, use scooters to help them stay upright and play with hockey sticks, she said.
And if they tumble, that's all well and good, she said, because children are encouraged to take risks at the museum.
"We encourage kids to take chances here, and we have a healthy amount of that in many of our programs," she added. "We believe that you can't learn without taking risks and sometimes failing.
"We've also designed the exhibits to stimulate open-ended learning, so you might not know what you are looking at, just that something is intriguing. There could be 15 ways to interact with an exhibit that also pulls parents in and then ideally kids get to lead."
Gertrude the Cow jumps over the moon in the "Possible-opolis" exhibit at the Madison Children's Museum. Visitors can raise and lower Gertrude and the Moon with a wheel attached to a series of pulleys. (Photo: Brian E. Clark)
Though you can get to the rooftop via an elevator, it's much more interesting to go via the "Zip, Zam, Zoom" stairwell, which Baker said is part of a museum effort called "Design to Move" and encourages children and their families to use their bodies more.
"So we are employing art and design to make stairways fun and engaging for families," she said. "The one we climbed … uses onomatopoeia terms (words formed from associated sounds, such as cuckoo and sizzle).
"We start on the lowest level with an A word and then go all the way to a top with a Z. In the center of the stairwells is a beautiful hand-crafted, circular metal climbing sculpture that kids can use to ascend and get on and off at any level. Their parents can walk beside them on the steps, all the way from the first floor to the top, round and round."
(Alas, only a very small adult could fit in the climbing sculpture, so I didn't get to try it.)
A second active stairwell is called "Stair Trek, Core to Cosmos," which is billed as an "interactive journey through the universe, from the depths of the Earth's core, through caves, forests, tree canopies, sky, and to the remote reaches of outer space."
The "Hodge Podge Mahal" climbing structure is part of Madison Children's Museum's "Possible-opolis" exhibit. (Photo: Brian E. Clark)
The walls of this stairway have hundreds of drawings from children. It was designed by artist Jojin Van Winkle and features the voices of local children, who describe the sounds, smells, textures, and feelings of each environment in poetic and playful ways.
The museum moved from a location on State Street eight years ago and tripled its space, thanks in large part to the generosity of philanthropists Jerry Frautschi and Pleasant Rowland. It now draws more than 220,000 visitors annually and is filled with hands-on exhibits that kids touch, manipulate and climb around, over and through. It's focused on the region surrounding south central Wisconsin, its people, stories and traditions, Baker said.
While the museum's "sweet spot" is children around age 8, Baker said the museum attracts everyone from newborns up to great-grandparents. First-time parents can get a free membership that lasts until their child is 18 months old.
"We cover the whole spectrum," she said. "We even have something called 'Adult Swim,' with evening programs for an audience 21 and older. We also have weddings here and retirement parties, too. We like to think we cover the whole life cycle."
The museum doesn't have one particular theme, Baker said. But it emphasizes sustainability, while focusing on culture, arts, science and technology with an interdisciplinary approach. A giant buoy from Lake Michigan is part of the "Hodge Podge Mahal" climber, and the floor leading to a new Frank Lloyd Wright exhibit about his childhood called "Coops to Cathedrals" came from a gymnasium in Oak Creek.
"Our goal is to help kids develop a love for learning and exploration," Baker said. "Our exhibits are constantly evolving. But no matter what the topic, we want to better the lives of children in our community."
Getting there: The Madison Children's Museum, madisonchildrensmuseum.org, 100 N. Hamilton St., is just off the Capitol Square. It is 80 miles west of downtown Milwaukee via I-94, Highway 151 and East Washington Avenue.
More info: Visit madisonchildrensmusuem.org or call (608) 256-6445. Hours are 9:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Tuesday through Sunday. Admission is $9 for adults and children.
Read or Share this story: https://www.jsonline.com/story/travel/wisconsin/2018/10/26/madison-childrens-museum/1731532002/
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Bitwa pod Wiedniem (inaczej nazywana Odsieczą Wiedeńską lub rzadziej Wiktorią Wiedeńską) – bitwa stoczona 12 września 1683 pod Wiedniem między wojskami polsko-cesarskimi pod dowództwem króla Jana III Sobieskiego a armią Imperium Osmańskiego pod wodzą wezyra Kara Mustafy. Bitwa była przełomowym wydarzeniem w wojnie – zakończyła się klęską Osmanów, którzy od tej pory przeszli do defensywy i przestali stanowić zagrożenie dla chrześcijańskiej części Europy.

Geneza
Imperium Osmańskie od chwili  powstania opierało się na podbojach. Na przestrzeni wieków kolejne państwa były najeżdżane i podbijane przez sułtanat turecki. W połowie XIV wieku Turcy podjęli planowy podbój Bałkanów opanowując Bizancjum, Bułgarię, Albanię i Serbię. W roku 1541 interweniowali na Węgrzech w czasie wojny między Habsburgami a Zapolyami, wspierając najpierw tych drugich, a następnie odbierając im stolicę i środkową część kraju. Jednocześnie Turcy zmusili do uznania swojej zwierzchności księstwa naddunajskie – Wołoszczyznę i Mołdawię. W długiej wojnie 1645-1669 odebrali Wenecji Kretę. W 1672 roku uderzyli na Polskę osłabioną wojnami ze Szwecją, Rosją i Kozakami. Zdobyli wówczas Kamieniec Podolski i zajęli Podole. Zwierzchnictwo Turcji uznał kozacki hetman Petro Doroszenko, podporządkowując jej część Ukrainy Prawobrzeżnej, co było jedną z przyczyn wybuchu wojny turecko-rosyjskiej (1677-1681). W 1678 roku Turcy zdobyli Czehryń, a w 1681 podpisano traktat w Bachczysaraju.

Turkom nie udało się jednak pokonać Habsburgów i opanować pozostałej części Węgier. W 1682 roku, w należącej do Austrii części Węgier (Górne Węgry – obecna Słowacja), wybuchło powstanie antyhabsburskie. Na jego czele stanął Emeryk Thököly. Turcy, zajmujący pozostałą część Węgier, starali się je wykorzystać, a po oddaniu się Thökölyego w zależność lenną, Porta podjęła przygotowania do nowej wielkiej wyprawy wojennej.

Zagrożony najazdem cesarz Leopold I zwrócił się do Polski z propozycją zawarcia zaczepno-obronnego przymierza przeciw Turcji.

Zabiegi polityczne

Mimo wspólnej granicy, wojen polsko-tureckich początkowo nie było. Ciągłe napięcia na granicy były spowodowane najazdami Tatarów na Polskę oraz Kozaków na imperium osmańskie. Strefą sporną były tereny Mołdawii i Wołoszczyzny. W latach 1620–1621 doszło na tym tle do wojny. Polska poniosła klęskę w bitwie pod Cecorą. Zawarto pokój, który przetrwał do 1672 roku. W kategorii długofalowej polityki zarówno Polski, jak i Osmanów, były to tylko incydenty.

Po pokoju w Buczaczu warunków podpisanego traktatu nie uznał sejm polski. W 1673 roku Polska pobiła Osmanów pod Chocimiem. Wojna skończyła się rozejmem, ale obie strony szykowały się do kolejnej. Król Jan III Sobieski próbował utworzyć koalicję, początkowo z Francją i Szwecją (Francja, pozostająca w dobrych stosunkach z Osmanami, podjęła się mediacji). Zabiegi dyplomatyczne w Imperium Osmańskim nie przyniosły efektów. Wobec zmiany polityki przez Ludwika XIV, Polska próbowała stworzyć porozumienie polsko-habsbursko-rosyjskie, ale zarówno car, jak i cesarz nie byli zainteresowani. Dopiero w efekcie koncentracji wojsk tureckich Leopold I zaczął zabiegać o przymierze z Polską.

Dyplomacja habsburska
Pomimo strat terytorialnych cesarstwo nie było zainteresowane prowadzeniem wojny z Osmanami, dlatego odrzucono projekt przymierza, wysunięty przez Polskę. Cesarz Leopold I uwikłał się tymczasem w konflikt z Francją (będącą wówczas u szczytu potęgi). Król Francji Ludwik XIV rozpoczął wtedy tzw. "politykę reunionów" i wysunął roszczenia do szeregu terytoriów nad Renem; w roku 1681 zaanektował (między innymi) Strasburg oraz Księstwo Dwóch Mostów (Zweibrücken). Z ramienia cesarza i Stolicy Apostolskiej budowaniem koalicji antytureckiej zajmował się kapucyn Marek z Aviano.

Gdy zabiegi dyplomatyczne z Osmanami nie przyniosły rezultatów, rozpoczęto pertraktacje z Polską. Były one utrudnione przez działające w Polsce silne stronnictwo profrancuskie. Francja była też w dobrych stosunkach z Osmanami, co również mogło mieć wpływ na cel ataku. Ostatecznie 1 kwietnia 1683 roku zawarto przymierze przeciwko Osmanom. Gwarantem traktatu został papież Innocenty XI. W traktacie ustalono:
 w obliczu zagrożenia któregokolwiek z miast (Kraków albo Wiedeń), druga strona pośpieszy na pomoc;
 na utrzymanie wojsk polskich cesarz i papież wyasygnują subsydia pieniężne.

Siły tureckie
Turcy zbierali siły w Adrianopolu, gdzie już 2 stycznia 1683 roku zatknięto buńczuki wojenne. 31 marca armia turecka wyruszyła do Belgradu pod wodzą sułtana Mehmeda IV. W Belgradzie dołączyły siły z pobliskich prowincji. Dowódcą wyprawy został wielki wezyr Kara Mustafa. Wielka armia wyruszyła na Węgry. Tu, w Székesfehérvárze na wielkiej radzie wojennej wyznaczono cel: Wiedeń.

10 lipca pod murami austriackiej stolicy stanęło blisko 140–300 tys. ludzi. Była to największa armia, jaką Turcy zmobilizowali w XVII wieku.

Siły austriackie
Z powodu nadziei, że do wojny nie dojdzie, mobilizacja była spóźniona. Austriacy wydzielili kilka korpusów do osłony granic, a pozostałe siły zebrali w okolicach Bratysławy. 6 maja siły austriackie dokonały koncentracji pod Kittsee. Ogółem liczyły one 32 tys. żołnierzy. Głównym dowódcą został książę Karol Lotaryński.

Dodatkowo armię cesarską wsparł 3-tysięczny korpus zaciężnych wojsk polskich pod wodzą Hieronima Lubomirskiego, zwerbowanych na terenie Polski. Na ochotniczy nabór tych oddziałów zgodził się król Polski.

Z powodu narastającego konfliktu z Francją, większość księstw Rzeszy nie mogła przysłać posiłków. Przybyły one dopiero przed bitwą wiedeńską.

Przebieg kampanii

Kara Mustafa zamierzał zaskoczyć przeciwnika. Do ostatniej chwili nie było jasne, czy uderzenie zostanie skierowane przeciwko Polsce, czy Austrii. W Székesfehérvárze do armii tureckiej dołączyli Tatarzy, którzy wcześniej obozowali pod Kamieńcem Podolskim, szachując Rzeczpospolitą. Dopiero tutaj wielki wezyr wyznaczył kierunek natarcia, co miało opóźnić reakcję Polski. Szybkim marszem ruszył w głąb Austrii w stronę twierdzy Jawaryn. Był to kolejny manewr mający na celu zmylenie przeciwnika, co częściowo się powiodło.

Manewry
Książę Lotaryński rozpoczął działania wyprzedzające. Wojska austriackie obległy Nowe Zamki oraz ruszyły na Esztergom. Na wieść o pochodzie armii tureckiej cesarz odwołał atakujące oddziały. Książę Lotaryński wycofał się pod twierdzę Jawaryn. Tutaj chciał szachować przeciwnika, gdyby ten rozpoczął jej oblężenie. Tymczasem zagony tatarskie, idące w straży przedniej, dokonały głębokiego oskrzydlenia wojsk austriackich. 7 lipca wojska austriackie, wycofując się, przyjęły bitwę pod Petronell. Książę wycofał się pod Wiedeń.

W stolicy Austrii wybuchła panika. Do wszystkich sojuszników wystosowano apel o pomoc. Cesarz wyjechał do Linzu, później zatrzymał się w Pasawie. 14 lipca Turcy podeszli pod Wiedeń, a dwa dni później wyparli z okolicy wojska austriackie i otoczyli miasto. Oprócz natychmiast rozpoczętych przygotowań do zdobycia miasta, Kara Mustafa wysłał w pole samodzielne oddziały: w stronę Jawaryna blokujące ewentualne ruchy załogi, posiłki do powstańców węgierskich Thökölyego, zmierzających na Bratysławę. Dalekimi rajdami w głąb kraju zapuściły się czambuły tatarskie.

Wojska austriackie cofnęły się pod Jedlersee. Książę Lotaryński wyczekawszy dogodnego momentu ruszył pod Bratysławę i 31 lipca pobił armię Thökölyego. Stąd oddziałami kawalerii austriackiej i jazdą Lubomirskiego blokował Tatarom dostęp do Moraw.

Oblężenie Wiednia

Wiedeń był silnie ufortyfikowanym miastem. Dowódcą wojskowym został generał Ernst Starhemberg. Obrona miała do dyspozycji 11 tysięcy żołnierzy, prawie 5 tysięcy straży miejskiej oraz mocną artylerię.

Turcy natychmiast rozpoczęli roboty ziemne i minerskie od południowego zachodu. Za najbardziej dogodne miejsce do złamania obrony uznali okolice bastionów Löbl i Zamkowego. Najbardziej zacięte walki toczyły się o zdobycie osłaniającego je rawelinu. Doświadczeni tureccy minerzy kopali podziemne tunele w celu zakładania min, obrońcy próbowali je unieszkodliwiać, organizując wycieczki.

Mimo odpierania przez dwa miesiące nieustannych szturmów, 3 września Turcy zdobyli rawelin. Następnie zdobyli przyczółki w obu bastionach. Szykowali się do zdobycia murów pomiędzy nimi i zajęcia miasta. Załoga Wiednia, dowodzona przez hrabiego Starhemberga, broniła się przez cały lipiec i sierpień. Po dwóch miesiącach oblężenia liczebność obrońców spadła z początkowych 18 tysięcy do niespełna 5 tys. żołnierzy.

W dniach 4–9 września Turcy znaleźli się w odległości strzału z rusznicy od zamku cesarskiego. Wiadomość o nadejściu posiłków z Polski podtrzymała morale obrońców.

Organizacja polskiej odsieczy

W Rzeczypospolitej panował skomplikowany system prawny w kwestii wojska i prowadzenia wojen. Na prowadzenie wojny poza granicami kraju musiał wyrazić zgodę sejm, tak samo na mobilizację. Sejm uchwalił podatek nadzwyczajny na wystawienie i utrzymanie 48-tysięcznej armii. Ogółem pod bronią znajdowało się wówczas około 12 tysięcy ludzi, trzeba było ogłosić zaciągi. Dodatkowo sejmiki poszczególnych województw musiały zebrać się i zatwierdzić pobór podatku. To bardzo opóźniło zbieranie wojsk. Pieniądze z podatków zebrano więc dopiero pod koniec lipca. Wcześniej bazowano na środkach prywatnych: sam król wydał około pół miliona złotych. W czerwcu napłynęły pieniądze od cesarza Austrii.

Istniejące wojsko zebrano w Trembowli, nowo organizowane miało zebrać się w pobliżu Lwowa. Wojsko z Litwy zbierało się w Janowie Podlaskim. Następnie planowano kampanię na Podolu. 1 lipca był pierwszym niedotrzymanym terminem mobilizacji. Kiedy Turcy ruszyli na Austrię, Sobieski nakazał zbierać wojsko pod Krakowem.

16 lipca przybył posłaniec cesarski z prośbą o odsiecz. 18 lipca Sobieski ruszył z całym dworem do Krakowa. Po drodze wstąpił na Jasną Górę. Ponaglany przez Austriaków i papieża do realizacji warunków traktatu, wyruszył z zebranym wojskiem na odsiecz stolicy Austrii. 20 sierpnia 1683 roku król Jan III Sobieski, zmierzając pod Wiedeń, pragnął pomodlić się w kościele w Piekarach Śląskich, gdzie wysłuchał mszy i przed obrazem Matki Bożej prosił o zwycięstwo.

Pochód wojsk polskich
Sobieski zabrał z Krakowa ok. 27 tys. wojsk koronnych, w tym 24 chorągwie husarii, i 29 lipca, nie czekając na spóźniających się Litwinów, pomaszerował śpiesznie na odsiecz Wiedniowi. Trasa marszu prowadziła przez Śląsk, Morawy i Czechy. Łańcuch ponad 6000 wozów z amunicją i żywnością dla żołnierzy podzielono na dwie grupy.
Pierwsza z nich ruszyła drogą z Gliwic przez Rybnik wraz z królem. Druga grupa przeszła przez Sośnicowice, Prudnik, Kotlinę Kłodzką i Brandýs nad Orlicí, a następnie połączyła się z pierwszą grupą we Brnie. W pochodzie towarzyszył królowi najstarszy syn, Jakub.

3 września wojska sprzymierzone spotkały się w Tulln nad Dunajem. Tam Jan III Sobieski przejął komendę nad całością wojsk austriackich, niemieckich i polskich, liczących łącznie blisko 70 tysięcy żołnierzy (w tym 31 tysięcy jazdy). Przyjęty też został jego plan operacyjny. Koncentracja wszystkich wojsk nastąpiła na prawym brzegu Dunaju, na równinach pod Tulln, 40 km na północny zachód od Wiednia, po przeprawieniu wojsk 6–8 września przez rzekę. Wojska austriacko-niemieckie otrzymały rozkaz nacierania na Turków poprzez pagórkowaty teren wzdłuż prawego brzegu Dunaju. Ich głównym zadaniem było angażowanie jak największych sił przeciwnika i spychanie go wprost w kierunku broniącego się w oblężeniu Wiednia. Natomiast całość polskich wojsk koronnych, w tym 14 tys. jazdy, Sobieski poprowadził skrycie, korzystając z miejscowych przewodników węgierskich, okrężną drogą przez bezdroża Lasu Wiedeńskiego. Ta przeprawa wielkiej masy ludzi i koni, objuczonych rozebranymi 26 armatami, przez leśne gęstwiny wzgórz podwiedeńskich, trwała dwa dni.

Bitwa

12 września 1683 o czwartej rano król Jan III Sobieski uczestniczył w Mszy św., którą celebrował na ruinach kościoła św. Józefa i klasztoru legat papieski Marek z Aviano. Bitwa rozpoczęła się rankiem 12 września, ale rozstrzygające natarcie jazdy miało miejsce późnym popołudniem. Kara Mustafa, będąc pewnym wartości swoich wojsk, nie poczynił większych przygotowań do obrony. Obóz turecki nie został wystarczająco umocniony. Zabezpieczono jedynie odcinek między wioskami Nussdorf a Schafberg. Na północ od Wienhaus wzniesiono kilka szańców zwanych przez wiedeńczyków Türkenschanz. Niemcy i Austriacy atakowali na lewym skrzydle na łagodnych stokach wzgórz między Kahlenbergiem i Leopoldsbergiem, w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie Dunaju. Polacy przedzierali się dalej przez bezdroża Lasu Wiedeńskiego. Turcy nie skupili tam większych sił, gdyż z tej strony nie spodziewali się ataku

Na skraj Lasu Wiedeńskiego wojska Sobieskiego wyszły dopiero w godzinach popołudniowych. Znajdował się tam rozległy teren doliny rzeczki Wiedenki, opadający łagodnie w kierunku oblężonego Wiednia. Bliżej znajdowało się wielkie obozowisko i spiesznie formujące się oddziały tureckie. W winnicach porastających stoki ukrywały się oddziały janczarów. Król kazał więc generałowi Marcinowi Kazimierzowi Kątskiemu wysunąć do przodu piechotę i artylerię celem oczyszczenia terenu. Po kilkugodzinnej walce piechurzy Zbrożka wyparli wojska tureckie i otworzyli drogę kawalerii. Żołnierze polscy, ze względu na używanie uzbrojenia i ubioru podobnego do tureckiego, walczyli w opaskach ze słomy założonych na lewe ramię. Miało to zapobiec omyłkowym walkom z wojskami sojuszniczymi.

Kolejną decyzją Sobieskiego było wysłanie chorągwi husarskiej porucznika Zbierzchowskiego na rozpoznanie terenu, czy nie kryje rowów, wilczych dołów, aproszy itp. Chorągiew przebiegła cwałem między stanowiskami tureckimi, prowadząc do ich dezorganizacji, ale i ponosząc duże straty. Rozpoznanie potwierdziło dane wywiadowcze, że szarża jazdy z tej strony jest możliwa.

O godzinie 18 Sobieski dał znak do rozpoczęcia generalnego szturmu. Do szarży ruszyła husaria hetmanów Stanisława Jabłonowskiego, Mikołaja Sieniawskiego, a także pułki dowodzone bezpośrednio przez króla; szarżowała również kawaleria austriacka i niemiecka. Zdaniem niektórych historyków brało w niej udział ponad 20 tys. jeźdźców. Osmanowie nie wytrzymali impetu szarży. Pierwsi w rozsypkę poszli Tatarzy, potem spahisi, wreszcie piechota janczarska, dotąd oblegająca Wiedeń, ściągnięta dla ratowania frontu. W końcu do ucieczki rzucił się także wezyr ze świtą.

Po zdobyciu obozu Sobieski zatrzymał swe wojska, gdyż cel, jakim było oswobodzenie Wiednia, został zapewniony. Bitwa trwała około 12 godzin, z tego przez 11,5 godziny odbywał się ostrzał artyleryjski przygotowujący atak. Szarża Sobieskiego zakończyła się w ciągu pół godziny.

Po bitwie

W nocy, w zdobycznym namiocie wezyra, król napisał dwa listy. Jeden do papieża Innocentego XI – ze słowami Venimus, vidimus et Deus vicit (Przybyliśmy, zobaczyliśmy i Bóg zwyciężył), drugi do małżonki, Marysieńki, zaczynając od słów: Bóg i Pan nasz na wieki błogosławiony dał zwycięstwo i sławę narodowi naszemu, o jakiej wieki przeszłe nigdy nie słyszały.

Do listu papieskiego dołączył haftowany złotem zielony sztandar, powiewający nad namiotem Kara Mustafy, wzięty omyłkowo za sztandar proroka, natomiast w ślad za listem do Marysieńki król Jan odprawił do Krakowa 80 wozów z bronią, siodłami, namiotami, arrasami, tkaninami, ubiorami i innymi cennymi przedmiotami, zdobytymi przez husarię w wielkim obozie tureckim.

Straty Turków w bitwie wyniosły do 20 tysięcy zabitych i 5 tysięcy rannych, podczas gdy sprzymierzeni stracili 1500 zabitych i około 2500 rannych. Znaczna część armii tureckiej zdołała ujść z pogromu, tracąc jednak część uzbrojenia, wszystkie działa oraz zapasy wojenne. Od pogromu wiedeńskiego Imperium Osmańskie nie przeszło więcej do ofensywy, a wielki wezyr Kara Mustafa za przegraną bitwę wiedeńską i całą nieudaną wyprawę wojenną został z rozkazu sułtana uduszony.

Bezpośrednim efektem bitwy było podpisanie w Linzu koalicji antytureckiej Ligi Świętej. Rozpoczęto wielkie działania wojenne toczone ze zmiennym szczęściem. Po nieudanych wyprawach polskich na Mołdawię (wojna polsko-turecka (1683–1699)) i rosyjskich na Krym, nastąpiło zdobycie Budy w roku 1686, zdobycie Azowa przez Rosjan w 1696 i bitwa pod Zentą w 1697. Francuska próba wpływu na działania wojenne, jak zbombardowanie portu w Genui, nie zmieniły już oblicza wojny. Osmanowie zostali zmuszeni do podpisania pokoju w Karłowicach w 1699 roku.

Król Jan III Sobieski uniknął prowadzenia wojny na własnym terytorium, a za pieniądze cesarskie i papieskie sfinansował wyprawę, która otwierała przed Rzecząpospolitą szereg możliwości, co jednak nie zostało należycie wykorzystane. Za zasługi król otrzymał od papieża i Ludwika XIV odznaki zaszczytne.

Spotkanie z cesarzem
Spotkanie króla z cesarzem wypadło chłodno. Leopold I nie zdjął kapelusza ani w chwili, gdy prezentowano mu królewicza Jakuba, ani gdy podczas przeglądu wojsk pochylały się przed nim polskie sztandary. Oburzyło to Sobieskiego i całe rycerstwo. Od tego spotkania stosunki uległy pogorszeniu. Austriacy przestali wojskom polskim dostarczać prowiant. Nie godzili się również na pochówek żołnierzy polskich w mieście wskazując pola i cmentarze dalej położone, gdzie chowani byli polegli żołnierze z armii tureckiej. Zdarzały się przypadki otwierania ognia do głodnych żołnierzy polskich usiłujących wejść do miasta. Utrudniali też pozyskanie statków potrzebnych do przewiezienia rannych i chorych do zorganizowanego w Preszburgu szpitala. Po tych działaniach wśród żołnierzy polskich pojawiły się opinie, że cesarz niepotrzebnie otrzymał odsiecz, cyt.: .

Obchody i rocznice

Warszawa 1783
Setna rocznica bitwy była okazją do wystawnych obchodów. Na zorganizowanie uroczystości król Stanisław August wyasygnował sto tysięcy złotych. Wykpiono ten gest w złośliwym wierszyku: sto tysięcy karuzel, ja bym trzykroć złożył, by Stanisław skamieniał, a Jan III ożył.

Kraków 1933
W 250. rocznicę bitwy zorganizowano Święto Kawalerii Polskiej. Defilada dwunastu pułków kawalerii, jaka odbyła się na krakowskich błoniach nie ma sobie równych w historii. Cała generalicja polska z marszałkiem Piłsudskim na czele oddała cześć przed sarkofagiem Jana III w katedrze wawelskiej. Na uroczystości zjechali się liczni dyplomaci zagraniczni. Obok toastu za jazdę polską wzniesiono toast na chwałę Turcji, w uznaniu jej wieloletniej postawy wobec Rzeczypospolitej (pomocy uchodźcom i obecnie podważanego przez ekspertów nieuznania rozbiorów).

1983 Obchody 300-lecia odsieczy

W Krakowie na błoniach odbyła się impreza masowa połączona z przelotem na małej wysokości samolotów bojowych.

Poczta Polska wprowadziła do obiegu cztery znaczki i blok.

Warszawa
Walki rycerstwa polskiego pod Wiedniem zostały upamiętnione na Grobie Nieznanego Żołnierza w Warszawie napisem na jednej z tablic, "WIEDEŃ 12 IX 1683".

Kraków 2008
325 rocznica odsieczy Wiednia zorganizowana przez władze Krakowa miała również charakter uroczysty, w ramach obchodów m.in. otwarto wystawę na Wawelu "Pamięć o wiedeńskiej odsieczy", w Sukiennicach ustawiono wielką kopię obrazu Jana Matejki "Jan III Sobieski wysyła wiadomość o zwycięstwie papieżowi Innocentemu XI", 13 września 2008 r. na Błoniach odbyła się inscenizacja historyczna "Venimus, vidimus, Deus vicit", 14 września 2008 r. odbył się przemarsz orszaku królewskiego i wojsk odtwarzany przez grupy historyczne "Triumf Króla Jana III Sobieskiego" na trasie Błonia – Wawel – Rynek oraz szereg innych imprez towarzyszących.

Upamiętnienia
 Z okazji zwycięskiej bitwy Johann Kaspar Kerll skomponował uroczystą mszę Missa in fletu solatium obsidionis Viennensis.
 50 złotych 1983 300 lat odsieczy wiedeńskiej.
 12.09.1983 – dla upamiętnienia 300. rocznicy Odsieczy Wiedeńskiej Poczta Polska wprowadziła do obiegu serię składającą się z 4 znaczków (numery katalogowe 2730-2733) oraz blok nr 123.
 Szwedzki zespół heavy metalowy Sabaton nagrał o tych wydarzeniach utwór pt. "Winged Hussars".

Zobacz też
 Wojsko I Rzeczypospolitej pod Wiedniem (1683)

 Bitwy pod Parkanami
 Korpus posiłkowy Hieronima Augustyna Lubomirskiego
 Drzewa Sobieskiego
 Odsiecz smoleńska

Przypisy

Bibliografia

 Kołodziejczyk, Dariusz. 2018. "Turcja i Tatarzy w życiu i planach politycznych Jana Sobieskiego", [w:] Jan III Sobieski – polski bohater narodowy i zwycięzca spod Wiednia. Historia. Pamięć. Dziedzictwo (red. B.Dybaś) – Materiały z konferencji Austriackiej Akademii Nauk i Polskiej Stacji Badawczej w Wiedniu 19–20 września 2017.

Linki zewnętrzne
 Jan Sobieski do Marysieńki: "Bóg i Pan nasz na wieki błogosławiony dał zwycięstwo i sławę narodowi naszemu, o jakiej wieki przeszłe nigdy nie słyszały!"
 Odsiecz Wiednia a polska racja stanu
 Strona poświęcona Sobieskiemu
 Zdjęcie: teren bitwy widziany z Kahlenbergu
 Bolesław Twardowski "Spis Rycerstwa Polskiego walczącego z Janem III. pod Wiedniem oraz Szyk Bojowy Wojsk Polskich i sprzymierzonych dnia 12 Września 1683 r. Na pamiątkę dwóchsetnej rocznicy obchodu zwycięstwa pod Wiedniem wydał B. T. Z portretem Króla Jana, tablicą szyku bojowego, tablicą herbów rycerstwa i planem bitwy Wiedeńskiej" (wyd 1883) – Poznańska Biblioteka Cyfrowa
 Bitwa pod Wiedniem (film produkcji włosko-polskiej) (2012)
 Relacja z Polsko-Ukraińskiego Okrągłego Stołu Historyków XVII w. (Kijów, 27.06.2013)

Bitwy Imperium Osmańskiego
Bitwy w historii Austrii
Bitwy w historii Chanatu Krymskiego
Bitwy w historii Niemiec
Bitwy w historii Polski
Bitwy wojny polsko-tureckiej 1683–1699
Bitwa pod Wiedniem
Bitwa pod Wiedniem
Wydarzenia upamiętnione na tablicach na Grobie Nieznanego Żołnierza w Warszawie
Hasła kanonu polskiej Wikipedii

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The drink involves setting whisky alight and pouring it between two silver tankards, creating an arc of flame.
WARNING - please practice with water first to perfect your method. Stand on a non-flammable floor and have suitable fire-fighting equipment nearby. The following recipe makes two drinks.
You will need two large silver-plated tankards with handles. Preheat these with boiling water and warm the whisky. POUR the whisky into one tankard and fresh boiling water into the other. Ignite the whisky using a long match and while still blazing pour the whisky into the other tankard. Then mix ingredients by pouring them from one tankard to the other. The foolhardy increase the distance between the tankards as they pour, thus creating a spectacular long blue flame between the two. Jerry Thomas is said to have held the tankards at a meter's distance from each other. Extinguish flame by covering flaming tankard with base of the other tankard, pour into glass and sweeten to taste by stirring in powdered sugar.
The showy way to make a simple hot whisky punch.
This spectacular serve was created by Jerry Thomas, author of the first bartending book and travelling performance bartender. Thomas was a master of showmanship; he used solid silver bar tools and cups embellished with precious stones and metals. He understood the importance of putting on a show when making drinks and people traveled to see his 'act' as much as they did to try his legendary cocktails.
Nicknamed the 'Professor' due to his ability to deal "with the fanciest orders imaginable", Thomas developed his signature 'Blue Blazer' drink whilst working at the El Dorado, a gambling saloon in San Francisco during the gold rush. Legend has it that Thomas would only make the drink if the outside temperature was 10°C (50°F) or below, making an exception to this rule if the person ordering was suffering with a cold or the flu, whose symptoms the drink was to alleviate.
The story of its creation says that a huge gruff man stormed into the bar Thomas was working in and (quoting from an account by Herber Asbury in 1928) said: "Bar-keep! Fix me up some hell-fire that'll shake me right down to my gizzard!" Thomas then proceeded to pour ignited whisky and boiling water between two cups. In Asbury's story the man drank the cocktail and said "He done it. Right down to my gizzard! Yes, sir, right down to my gizzard!"
President Ulysses S. Grant witnessed Thomas perform this spectacle and was apparently so impressed that he presented him with a cigar. In his 1862 Bartender's Guide Thomas wrote: "A beholder gazing for the first time upon an experienced artist, compounding this beverage, would naturally come to the conclusion that it was a nectar for Pluto rather than Bacchus."
There are approximately 746 calories in one serving of Blue Blazer.


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Discussion in 'Pokémon Games Discussion' started by Fumanshu, Jun 5, 2010.
1: every Pokemon that faints is deemed dead, and has to be released.
2: you can only catch the first Pokemon you find in each area. If you fail to catch it you cant try again in this area.
He made a comic about it, and so far its awesome.
The thing about the run is , that it makes the game a lot harder and makes you appreciate your pokemon a lot more.
Its a nice alternative to my typically competetive type of playthrough, and it will make me use pokemon that I wouldnt use otherwise.
All in all, I wanted to share it with you people just so you might think about it, and maybe even try it, I know that I will, as a matter of fact, Im restarting my HG game right now.
Oh Christ, that sounds hard. I'm currently doing a replay of Platinum, but once I beat the E4, I'm going to try this!
All the Pokemon you find are random, and well, you kinda get some pokemon together, while you miss some that you would like to use.
Right now Im about to face whitney in HG, and so far I have a Croconaw , a graveler , a noctowl and a drowzee.
The thing is, I wouldnt usually use a graveler and a noctowl, but the situation made me use them, as the first 3 gyms are easy to beat with a rock type, and the rival has that bayleef that hurts me a lot.
The Drowzee is the first Pokemon I actually like to use, while I still have some reserve Pokemon in my box like Nidoran Female,Pidgey, mareep and togepi.
Its kind of annoying to find rattatta in the first patch of grass in a new area so that you have to abandon stuff like abra but so far it really works.
The battles are more intense, at least for me, as I usually used to sacrifice Pokemon and throw around revives all the time.
So after all, I think its a nice way to get used to different kind of Pokemons and actually really care for them.
I never go out of town without at least 10 antidots and 234235235 Potions.
I mean most People have multiple versions of Pokemon, so for them it might be a way to get some fresh into their games.
I absolutely adored the comic though, hilarious and it was what made me want to try a playthrough like this. Hopefully my try doesn't end like his Emerald one.
I'm already too far in Emerald, but I'll probably try restarting just so I can try this! Or maybe that LeafGreen I never play anymore.
The only I don't understand is how you catch things, but I'm sure I get it for the most part.
It works such as this, whenever you walk onto a new route/cave/any other place that you can run into Pokemon the very first Pokemon that you have a random encounter with is the only Pokemon in that area that you allowed to catch. Ever. If you kill it or you already have a Pokemon of that species, too bad.
Later, I ran into a Kricketune. IT WOULD NOT. STOP GROWLING. After like 348758937 turns, I caught the darn, thing, and named it Mute. HOW CAN YOU GROWL IF YOU HAVE NO VOCAL CHORDS HO. It's not like I did anything to it or anything ♥ Oh, and then Aya died. Again.
And that's a summary of what Tangrow did! I was going to chronicle it and make it into a story, but I thought it would be too much like El's HGSS Journal Playthrough Fic., so I went against it.
I've read all the comics and they are freaking hilarious. I'm gonna go try this on my Pearl Version.
Edit: GODDAMN CRITICAL HITS! I whited out on the first trainer battle and had to restart.
Uggggg I refuse. I wouldn't be able to deal with releasing my pokeymans. The idea of being restricted to catching the first pokemon you see in an area sounds like fun though, I need to use some new pokemons.
I'm really liking this. Yet to get to Petalburg Woods though, but it really does make you use things you wouldn't normally use.
I don't think I could do this challenge. My strategy in most Pokemon games is that if My best faints, throw in a weaker one so you can use revive. I would smash my head into a wall if I tried this because I only use things like potions If my Pokemon is in the red and even then I won't if I think I can take the enemy out in One more hit. Of course, then I miss and faint, but still. With this I would have to make completely new strategies that differentiate from the the strategies I have for the guys I love to use so much. Plus, What would you do If you were in the Battle Tower and your Pokemon fainted?
If I tried this, like Magpie and Linkachu, I would be crouched in a ball in the cupboard in about three days. Really. I always get attached to party pokemon.
@Kibetou - The challenge goes through till you face the Elite Four/League Champion. If you lose there, you essentially lose the whole challenge. So BF/BT don't really pertain to this.
I'm constantly level mashing every chance I get so nobody dies easily.
A big modification that is popular is to not release the pokemon but box it. It requires your honesty to work though, but whats nice with that variation is that you can keep track of your "fallen"pokemon better this way.
But yeah I love the challange and the comics, saw them a while back on /v/. I am going to do this on pokemon emerald on emulator simply because I cant find the cartridge in stores anymore and im using all my cartridges for breeding right now.
I've decided to board along the bandwagon and try this excellent variation, and it's gone as horribly wrong as possible. The enemies like to score critical hits at every oppurtunity, but it's a fun idea. Of course, the only real issue, that has not failed me yet, is that everytime I go into the Petalburg woods, I find something really useless (Or a Shroomish this time around), and then a Slakoth.
The game knows that I'm trying this D:< Brawly knows too. He's out to get me so much, that I finally got fed up and skipped him.
Makuhita used Bulkup! Used it for 29183492 other turns! You can't do anything to him, even with your highly trained flying type. What's this? Supersonic that hit? Makuhita rejects that reality and substitutes it's own, OHKOING your zubat. Makuhita wiped out your whole team single handledly, Hahaha! You lose.
With Machop's aid, we ate up Roark and carried on ♥ After which, Kricketot evolved when we got to Floaraoma <333 I picked up a cutie patootie Shellos outside the Windworks, but when I faced Mars, her Purugly wiped out my poor Chimchar with SCRATCH. And as such, he was hospitalized into the Forgotten PC Box of nothingness.
Um um blinky typey thing here.
I've just had my first losses to Roxanne.
Marill and Zigzagoon, rest in peace.
I think I'll do what Jeydis said and box it instead of releasing it.
I think I'm the only one who doesn't put them in a box. I place their bodies in the ground and wear black for a while whilst mourning the loss of my fallen comrades.
Started a Sapphire nuzlocke run now, because the DS went out of power and I got bored and because my GBA micro is just so much more portable.
Gonna do both now I guess.
Added a new rule: Catch Pokemon till your team is full and then only catch new ones when one of your pokemon dies.
The thing is, I somehow made that volbeat extremely potent, with tail glow and shockwave, and some nice hax from double team and confuse ray. set up tail glow ~3times and gogo sweep.
This sounds really interesting. I am definitly going to restart my platinum and try this out.
Okai, I started yesterday on my Silver version, and all I got so far is a Totodile, and I'm going to Mr. Pokemon's house now.
I've since picked up a Tentacool and a Gloom Team's looking nice... I hope Wattson doesn't rip me to shreds.
OMG! This is awesome I am starting this on Saphire right now.
I haven't been playing my Diamond run a whole lot lately (been mainly preparing for the league when I play any game), but I currently have 5 badges and an insanely over leveled team of: Torterra, Golbat, Haunter, Floatzel, and Ponyta (with Bibarel as my HM slave). I also have a pretty good Bronzor in my PC that works as a nice alternative at times.
I'm with Ferne and Katie on this.
I Wanted to do it on my pearl game but once I caught Sophie da Shinx I decided 'Screw this, I'm keeping my Team!' Sophie and My Buisel Belle would have already been released by now.
Once my sister gives up Fire Red however, NUZLOCKE TIME!
I decided to start this on my Sapphire version. As of now, I have a Mudkip named Neo, a Lotad and a Wurmple. When I was training my Lotad to level seven, because i needed a move to attack Zigzagoon, a Zigzagoon almost beat my friend. I survived with one HP and switched to Neo before it was too late.
In Silver today, I accidentally K.O'd a Sentret, Pidgey, and Rattata, but I caught a Geodude (Sylvester) in Dark Cave (R.I.P.) and an Unown A (Tut), which I actually swept Sprout Tower with lol. And Blarg the Totodile is still holding up well.
EDIT - 7/4/10 - I accidentally K.O.'d a Bellsprout, but I obtained a Zubat (Buffy) and a Rattata (Mickey) and I beat Falkner!
I'll try this with my Platinum, see what the outcome is. I'll have to look at what to do again, I just forgot .
Shellos 11 (SnailSea) Don't know if i'll use it.


Editor's note: For this entry I've gathered together and edited into an article several observations by the Luxembourg researcher Maggy, that give some important clues into the nature of the spirit worlds and our spiritual make-up… based on contacts she received between 1988 and 1992.
There are few answers that can interpret the physics of the spirit world with the help of earthside physics. There are no answers that will satisfy the "logic" of earthside science. Many scientists on the other side are very familiar with our physics but are unable to express their spirit world physics in a manner that would satisfy us and that we could fully understand.
There is a nonterrestrial, nonphysical form of energy that can be called cosmic light, soul energy, thought energy, chi, etc… and this living energy is what manifests all universes everywhere.
Worlds of different vibratory rate interpenetrate without affecting each other, like two radio signals occupying the same room at the same time, or like two automobiles occupying the same parking space at different times.
Distances between spiritual beings are not spatial distances. Rather they are determined by the maximum vibratory rate or frequency to which an entity can adjust.
As people move "upward" from the middle to the higher astral planes, their astral bodies become lighter, subtler, and of higher-frequency substance. When they reach the rapid vibrations of the mental-causal planes, their astral bodies disappear. The mental body is not really a body at all, as we understand it, and can be described as a glowing mass of energy.
Some people who advance into the mental-causal planes lose their interest in the affairs of Earth and move onto bigger realities. Other people return frequently to the astral planes, donning astral bodies as they descend, so that they can be involved in Earthly projects such as ITC.
Besides the physical, astral and mental bodies and the soul, there are several other bodies that cannot be described because our languages have not been equipped with the terminology yet.
All information about our personal life styles, our attitudes toward other people, animals and plants, and our behavior can be monitored and recorded on spiritside equipment. This forms a picture of the person and helps determine the extent to which the person can be assisted spiritually. Some thoughts and actions that seem insignificant here are considered very important in spirit, such as kindness or cruelty to small animals.
This entry was posted in After we die, what then?, ITC Gems, Other-worldly matters, Science and Technology, Spiritual realms. Bookmark the permalink.
I have often wondered through the years since Contact! stopped publication (which I eagerly read word by word), what happened to Maggy and Jules Harsch-Fishbach, meaning since this long period has elapsed, do they still endeavour to make contact or receive contacts or what? Or have they simply returned to their usual working lives and kind of given up, always hoping at the same time to resume some kind of communication. It was (to me) an exciting period when all that was happening but now so little.
I appreciate all your endeavours, Mark.
I've been out of touch with the couple for nearly a decade.
I've heard a couple of years ago (through a mutual friend) that they were still experimenting, but their results had been reduced to EVPs as they worked to reopen the miraculous bridge that we enjoyed for most of the 1990s.
I assume they're still working their regular jobs and still doing experiments in their spare time… but I don't know that for sure.
thanks for your good comments!


text:
NetLoad
Conserving Life In Our Oceans
Phase eleven of 'Project Get Car' is in full swing. It's been a painstaking process, but at long last…we're at stage eleven. I'm starting to think that sending 365 gift baskets of muffins to the local car dealership, one every day for a year, may have been an unnecessary step. That was phase ten, but…each basket was six dollars, plus $2.50 delivery.
Take away one, carry the three…okay, that's over three-thousand dollars I dropped on muffin gift baskets, all to gain the trust of car salesmen in the hopes they'll just give me a car they had lying around. Probably should have just used that money to buy a car, in retrospect.
Alright, Plan B, phase fifteen: get window tinting for office. Melbourne has a lot of glare at the moment, non? This phase is even more elaborate, but at least it hasn't involved muffin baskets. In fact, I haven't even spent a single penny, or cent, or whatever.
You see, phases one-through-fourteen were to get my colleagues on side, plant specific documentation and propaganda extolling the virtues of tinting, and a tacit campaign of psychological warfare against the office manager to bend them to my will and make them my unwilling puppet. Wilson is now mine; I could snap my fingers and he'll get me a coffee, no questions asked. But it's not enough, because he'll just go to the CEO in Melbourne and ask for office window tinting, and they'll say no, because my influence hasn't reached that far… yet.
So, the next phase will be to convert every single office, one by one. That'll take me up to… oh, about phase forty-six, after which every single office will be clamouring for the best commercial window tinting Melbourne businesses can buy!
It's all about the long game, you see. Patience, tactics, psychological warfare and, sometimes, even muffins. But eventually, you can get whatever you want. Hopefully including a car that's worth more than $3000, otherwise I won't be making a profit.
-I. Pavlova
Copyright © 2022 NetLoad – OnePress theme by FameThemes


text:
package reactivemongo.api

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong

import scala.util.{ Try, Failure, Success }

import scala.concurrent.{ Await, Future }
import scala.concurrent.duration.{ Duration, FiniteDuration, SECONDS }

import com.typesafe.config.Config

import akka.util.Timeout
import akka.actor.{ Actor, ActorRef, ActorSystem, Props, Terminated }
import akka.pattern.ask

import reactivemongo.core.actors.{
  Close,
  LegacyDBSystem,
  MongoDBSystem,
  StandardDBSystem
}
import reactivemongo.core.nodeset.Authenticate
import reactivemongo.util.LazyLogger

/**
 * @param config a custom configuration (otherwise the default options are used)
 * @param classLoader a classloader used to load the actor system
 *
 * @define parsedURIParam the URI parsed by [[reactivemongo.api.MongoConnection.parseURI]]
 * @define connectionNameParam the name for the connection pool
 * @define strictUriParam if true the parsed URI must be strict, without ignored/unsupported options
 * @define nbChannelsParam the number of channels to open per node
 * @define optionsParam the options for the new connection pool
 * @define nodesParam The list of node names (e.g. ''node1.foo.com:27017''); Port is optional (27017 is used by default)
 * @define authParam the list of authentication instructions
 * @define seeConnectDBTutorial See [[http://reactivemongo.org/releases/0.12/documentation/tutorial/connect-database.html how to connect to the database]]
 * @define uriStrictParam the strict URI, that will be parsed by [[reactivemongo.api.MongoConnection.parseURI]]
 */
class MongoDriver(
    config: Option[Config] = None,
    classLoader: Option[ClassLoader] = None
) {
  @deprecated("Use the constructor with the classloader", "0.12-RC6")
  def this(config: Option[Config]) = this(config, None)

  import scala.collection.mutable.{ Map => MutableMap }
  import MongoDriver.logger
  import reactivemongo.core.{
    AsyncSystemControl,
    SystemControl,
    TimedSystemControl
  }

  /* MongoDriver always uses its own ActorSystem
   * so it can have complete control separate from other
   * Actor Systems in the application
   */
  val system = {
    import com.typesafe.config.ConfigFactory
    val reference = config getOrElse ConfigFactory.load()
    val cfg = if (!reference.hasPath("mongo-async-driver")) {
      logger.info("No mongo-async-driver configuration found")
      ConfigFactory.empty()
    } else reference.getConfig("mongo-async-driver")

    ActorSystem("reactivemongo", Some(cfg), classLoader)
  }

  private val systemClose: Option[FiniteDuration] => Future[Unit] =
    SystemControl(system) match {
      case Success(TimedSystemControl(close)) => { timeout =>
        close(timeout) match {
          case Failure(cause) => Future.failed[Unit](cause)
          case _              => Future.successful({})
        }
      }

      case Success(AsyncSystemControl(close)) =>
        { _ => close() }

      case Failure(cause) => { _ => Future.failed[Unit](cause) }
    }

  private val supervisorName = s"Supervisor-${MongoDriver.nextCounter}"
  private[reactivemongo] val supervisorActor =
    system.actorOf(Props(new SupervisorActor(this)), supervisorName)

  private val connectionMonitors = MutableMap.empty[ActorRef, MongoConnection]

  /** Keep a list of all connections so that we can terminate the actors */
  @deprecated(message = "Will be made private", since = "0.12-RC1")
  def connections: Iterable[MongoConnection] = connectionMonitors.values

  @deprecated(message = "Will be made private", since = "0.12-RC1")
  def numConnections: Int = connectionMonitors.size

  /**
   * Closes this driver (and all its connections and resources).
   * Awaits the termination until the timeout is expired.
   */
  def close(timeout: FiniteDuration = FiniteDuration(2, SECONDS)): Unit = {
    logger.info(s"[$supervisorName] Closing instance of ReactiveMongo driver")

    // Terminate actors used by MongoConnections
    connections.foreach(_.close())

    // Tell the supervisor to close.
    // It will shut down all the connections and monitors
    // and then shut down the ActorSystem as it is exiting.
    supervisorActor ! Close

    Await.result(systemClose(Some(timeout)), timeout) // Unsafe
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param nodes $nodesParam
   * @param authentications $authParam
   * @param nbChannelsPerNode $nbChannelsParam
   * @param name $connectionNameParam
   * @param options $optionsParam
   */
  @deprecated(message = "Must use `connection` with `nbChannelsPerNode` set in the `options`.", since = "0.11.3")
  def connection(nodes: Seq[String], options: MongoConnectionOptions, authentications: Seq[Authenticate], nbChannelsPerNode: Int, name: Option[String]): MongoConnection = connection(nodes, options, authentications, name)

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param nodes $nodesParam
   * @param authentications $authParam
   * @param name $connectionNameParam
   * @param options $optionsParam
   */
  def connection(nodes: Seq[String], options: MongoConnectionOptions = MongoConnectionOptions(), authentications: Seq[Authenticate] = Seq.empty, name: Option[String] = None): MongoConnection = {
    val nm = name.getOrElse(s"Connection-${+MongoDriver.nextCounter}")

    // TODO: Passing ref to MongoDBSystem.history to AddConnection
    lazy val dbsystem: MongoDBSystem = options.authMode match {
      case CrAuthentication => new LegacyDBSystem(
        supervisorName, nm, nodes, authentications, options
      )

      case _ => new StandardDBSystem(
        supervisorName, nm, nodes, authentications, options
      )
    }

    val mongosystem = system.actorOf(Props(dbsystem), nm)

    def connection = (supervisorActor ? AddConnection(
      nm, nodes, options, mongosystem
    ))(Timeout(10, SECONDS))

    logger.info(s"[$supervisorName] Creating connection: $nm")

    import system.dispatcher

    Await.result(connection.mapTo[MongoConnection].map { c =>
      // TODO: Review
      c.history = () => dbsystem.internalState
      c
    }, Duration.Inf)
    // TODO: Returns Future[MongoConnection]
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection from URI.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param uriStrict $uriStrictParam
   */
  def connection(uriStrict: String): Try[MongoConnection] =
    connection(uriStrict, name = None, strictUri = true)

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection from URI.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param uriStrict $uriStrictParam
   * @param name $connectionNameParam
   */
  def connection(uriStrict: String, name: Option[String]): Try[MongoConnection] = connection(uriStrict, name, strictUri = true)

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection from URI.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param uri the URI to be parsed by [[reactivemongo.api.MongoConnection.parseURI]]
   * @param name $connectionNameParam
   * @param strictUri $strictUriParam
   */
  def connection(uri: String, name: Option[String], strictUri: Boolean): Try[MongoConnection] = MongoConnection.parseURI(uri).flatMap(connection(_, name, strictUri))

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection from URI.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param parsedURI $parsedURIParam
   * @param nbChannelsPerNode $nbChannelsParam
   * @param name $connectionNameParam
   */
  @deprecated(message = "Must you reactivemongo.api.MongoDriver.connection(reactivemongo.api.MongoConnection.ParsedURI,Option[String]):reactivemongo.api.MongoConnection connection(..)]] with `nbChannelsPerNode` set in the `parsedURI`.", since = "0.11.3")
  def connection(parsedURI: MongoConnection.ParsedURI, nbChannelsPerNode: Int, name: Option[String]): MongoConnection = connection(parsedURI, name)

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection from URI.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param parsedURI $parsedURIParam
   * @param name $connectionNameParam
   */
  def connection(parsedURI: MongoConnection.ParsedURI, name: Option[String]): MongoConnection = connection(parsedURI, name, strictUri = false).get // Unsafe

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection from URI.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param parsedURI The URI parsed by [[reactivemongo.api.MongoConnection.parseURI]]
   * @param name $connectionNameParam
   * @param strictUri $strictUriParam
   */
  def connection(parsedURI: MongoConnection.ParsedURI, name: Option[String], strictUri: Boolean): Try[MongoConnection] = {

    if (!parsedURI.ignoredOptions.isEmpty && strictUri) {
      Failure(new IllegalArgumentException(s"The connection URI contains unsupported options: ${parsedURI.ignoredOptions.mkString(", ")}"))
    } else {
      if (!parsedURI.ignoredOptions.isEmpty) logger.warn(s"Some options were ignored because they are not supported (yet): ${parsedURI.ignoredOptions.mkString(", ")}")

      Success(connection(parsedURI.hosts.map(h => h._1 + ':' + h._2), parsedURI.options, parsedURI.authenticate.toSeq, name))
    }
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection from URI.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param parsedURI $parsedURIParam
   * @param nbChannelsPerNode $nbChannelsParam
   */
  @deprecated(message = "Must you `connection` with `nbChannelsPerNode` set in the options of the `parsedURI`.", since = "0.11.3")
  def connection(parsedURI: MongoConnection.ParsedURI, nbChannelsPerNode: Int): MongoConnection = connection(parsedURI, None, false).get // Unsafe

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection from URI.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param parsedURI $parsedURIParam
   * @param strictUri $strictUriParam
   */
  def connection(parsedURI: MongoConnection.ParsedURI, strictUri: Boolean): Try[MongoConnection] = connection(parsedURI, None, strictUri)

  /**
   * Creates a new MongoConnection from URI.
   *
   * $seeConnectDBTutorial
   *
   * @param parsedURI $parsedURIParam
   */
  def connection(parsedURI: MongoConnection.ParsedURI): MongoConnection =
    connection(parsedURI, None, false).get // Unsafe

  private[reactivemongo] case class AddConnection(
    name: String,
    nodes: Seq[String],
    options: MongoConnectionOptions,
    mongosystem: ActorRef
  )

  //private case class CloseWithTimeout(timeout: FiniteDuration)

  private final class SupervisorActor(driver: MongoDriver) extends Actor {
    def isEmpty = driver.connectionMonitors.isEmpty

    val receive: Receive = {
      case AddConnection(name, nodes, opts, sys) => {
        logger.debug(
          s"[$supervisorName] Add connection to the supervisor: $name"
        )

        val connection = new MongoConnection(
          supervisorName, name, driver.system, sys, opts
        )
        //connection.nodes = nodes

        driver.connectionMonitors.put(connection.monitor, connection)
        context.watch(connection.monitor)
        sender ! connection
      }

      case Terminated(actor) => {
        logger.debug(
          s"[$supervisorName] Pool actor is terminated: ${actor.path}"
        )

        driver.connectionMonitors.remove(actor)
        ()
      }

      /*
      case CloseWithTimeout(timeout) =>
        if (isEmpty) context.stop(self)
        else context.become(closing(timeout))
         */

      case Close => {
        logger.debug(s"[$supervisorName] Close the supervisor")

        if (isEmpty) context.stop(self)
        else context.become(closing(Duration.Zero))
      }
    }

    def closing(shutdownTimeout: FiniteDuration): Receive = {
      case AddConnection(name, _, _, _) =>
        logger.warn(s"[$supervisorName] Refusing to add connection while MongoDriver is closing: $name")

      case Terminated(actor) =>
        driver.connectionMonitors.remove(actor).foreach { con =>
          logger.debug(
            s"[$supervisorName] Connection is terminated: ${con.name}"
          )

          if (isEmpty) context.stop(self)
        }

      /*
      case CloseWithTimeout(timeout) =>
        logger.warn("CloseWithTimeout ignored, already closing.")
         */

      case Close =>
        logger.warn(s"[$supervisorName] Close ignored, already closing.")
    }

    override def postStop: Unit = {
      logger.info(s"[$supervisorName] Stopping the monitor...")

      ()
    }
  }
}

/** The driver factory */
object MongoDriver {
  private val logger = LazyLogger("reactivemongo.api.MongoDriver")

  /** Creates a new [[MongoDriver]] with a new ActorSystem. */
  def apply(): MongoDriver = new MongoDriver()

  /** Creates a new [[MongoDriver]] with the given `config`. */
  def apply(config: Config): MongoDriver = new MongoDriver(Some(config), None)

  /** Creates a new [[MongoDriver]] with the given `config`. */
  def apply(config: Config, classLoader: ClassLoader): MongoDriver =
    new MongoDriver(Some(config), Some(classLoader))

  private[api] val _counter = new AtomicLong(0)
  private[api] def nextCounter: Long = _counter.incrementAndGet()
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Grammy Award winner and world-renowned, multi-platinum selling singer/songwriter/producer/director/musician, Bruno Mars, revealed details behind his massive upcoming global headline tour - The 24K Magic World Tour (pronounced twenty-four karat magic world tour). The magic will begin March 28 at Antwerp, Belgium's Sportpalais and will travel throughout Europe through June with shows set in London, Paris, Madrid, Zurich, Copenhagen, Berlin and more.
The 24K Magic World Tour marks Mars' first full-length tour since 2013's hugely successful Moonshine Jungle World Tour, an international blockbuster that sold 2 million tickets worldwide across 155 sold-out dates.
Please note, ticket delivery delay is in place for this show until Monday, December 5. No tickets can be sent out until that date.


text:
#import "OCFURLQuery.h"

@interface NSString (QueryToObject)
- (BOOL)IsURLQueryIndex;
@end

@implementation NSString (QueryToObject)
- (BOOL)IsURLQueryIndex
{
	unichar firstLetter = [self characterAtIndex:0];
	return (firstLetter>='0') && (firstLetter<='9');
}
@end

@interface NSMutableArray (OCFQueryKVC)
- (void)setObject:(id)object forURLQueryKey:(NSString*)key;
- (id)objectForURLQueryKey:(NSString*)key;
@end

@implementation NSMutableArray (OCFQueryKVC)
- (void)setObject:(id)object forURLQueryKey:(NSString*)key
{
	NSUInteger index = [key integerValue];
	NSUInteger fillUpIndex = [self count];

	while (fillUpIndex++<=index)
	{
		[self addObject:[NSNull null]];
	}
	self[index] = object;
}

- (id)objectForURLQueryKey:(NSString*)key
{
	NSUInteger index = [key integerValue];
	id object = [NSNull null];
	if ([self count]<=index)
	{
		[self setObject:object forURLQueryKey:key];
	}
	else
	{
		object = self[index];
	}
	return object;
}
@end

@interface NSMutableDictionary (OCFURLQueryKVC)
- (void)setObject:(id)object forURLQueryKey:(NSString*)key;
- (id)objectForURLQueryKey:(NSString*)key;
@end

@implementation NSMutableDictionary (OCFURLQueryKVC)
- (void)setObject:(id)object forURLQueryKey:(NSString*)key
{
	self[key]=object;
}

- (id)objectForURLQueryKey:(NSString*)key
{
	id object = self[key];
	if (object==nil)
	{
		object = [NSNull null];
		self[key]=object;
	}
	return object;
}
@end

@implementation NSMutableDictionary (OCFURLQuery)

- (void)setObject:(NSString*)value forURLQueryKeyPath:(NSString*)keyPath keyPrefix:(NSString*)keyPrefix keyPostfix:(NSString*)keyPostfix
{
	value = [value  stringByReplacingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

	keyPath = [keyPath stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:keyPostfix withString:@""];
	NSArray *keys = [keyPath componentsSeparatedByString:keyPrefix];

	NSAssert([keys count]>0, @"no components at all!?!?!?!");

	NSUInteger keyIndex = 0;
	id omi = nil;
	id parent = nil;
	id node = self;

	NSString *key;
	NSString *parentKey;
	while (keyIndex<([keys count]-1))
	{
		parentKey = key;
		key = keys[keyIndex++];
		key = [key stringByReplacingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

		omi = parent;
		parent = node;

		Class collectionClass;
		if ([key IsURLQueryIndex])
		{
			collectionClass = [NSMutableArray class];
		}
		else
		{
			collectionClass = [NSMutableDictionary class];
		}

		if ([parent isKindOfClass:[NSNull class]])
		{
			parent = [collectionClass new];
			[omi setObject:parent forURLQueryKey:parentKey];
		}

		else if (![parent isKindOfClass:collectionClass])
		{
			return;
		}
		node = [parent objectForURLQueryKey:key];
	}
	parentKey = key;
	key = keys[keyIndex];
	if ([key IsURLQueryIndex])
	{
		if ([node isKindOfClass:[NSNull class]]) {
			node =[NSMutableArray new];
			[parent setObject:node forURLQueryKey:parentKey];
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if ([node isKindOfClass:[NSNull class]])
		{
			node = [NSMutableDictionary new];
			[parent setObject:node forURLQueryKey:parentKey];
		}
	}
	[node setObject:value forURLQueryKey:key];
}

- (void)setObject:(NSString*)value forURLQueryKeyPath:(NSString*)keyPath
{
	[self setObject:value forURLQueryKeyPath:keyPath keyPrefix:[[self class] defaultURLQueryKeyPrefix] keyPostfix:[[self class] defaultURLQueryKeyPostfix]];
}
@end

@implementation NSDictionary (OCFURLQuery)

static NSString *_keyPrefix = @"[";

+ (void)setDefaultURLQueryKeyPrefix:(NSString*)delimiter
{
	_keyPrefix = delimiter;
}

+ (NSString*)defaultURLQueryKeyPrefix
{
	return _keyPrefix;
}

static NSString *_keyPostfix = @"]";

+ (void)setDefaultURLQueryKeyPostfix:(NSString*)delimiter
{
	_keyPostfix = delimiter;
}

+ (NSString*)defaultURLQueryKeyPostfix
{
	return _keyPostfix;
}

static NSString *_delimiter = @"&";

+ (NSString*)defaultURLQueryPairsDelimiter
{
	return _delimiter;
}

+ (void)setDefaultURLQueryPairsDelimiter:(NSString*)delimiter
{
	_delimiter = delimiter;
}

+ (NSDictionary*)objectsFromURLQueryString:(NSString*)query
{
	return [self objectsFromURLQueryString:query withPairsDelimiter:[self defaultURLQueryPairsDelimiter] keyPrefix:[self defaultURLQueryKeyPrefix] keyPostFix:[self defaultURLQueryKeyPostfix]];
}

+ (NSDictionary*)objectsFromURLQueryString:(NSString*)query withPairsDelimiter:(NSString*)delimiter keyPrefix:(NSString*)keyPrefix keyPostFix:(NSString*)keyPostfix
{
	NSArray *assignments = [query componentsSeparatedByString:delimiter];

	NSMutableDictionary *keyValuePairs = [NSMutableDictionary new];
	for (NSString *assignment in assignments)
	{
		NSUInteger equalsSignLocation = [assignment rangeOfString:@"="].location;
		if (equalsSignLocation==NSNotFound)
		{
			return nil;
		}

		NSString *keyPath = [assignment substringToIndex:equalsSignLocation];
		NSString *value = [assignment substringFromIndex:equalsSignLocation+1];
		value = [value stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];
		if (value==nil) {
			value = @"";
		}

		[keyValuePairs setObject:value forURLQueryKeyPath:keyPath keyPrefix:keyPrefix keyPostfix:keyPostfix];

	}
	return keyValuePairs;
}

@end


Dave Frank is a 30 year industry veteran and the president of the American Institute for Cleaning Sciences, an independent third-party accreditation organization that establishes standards to improve the professional performance of the cleaning industry.
Everyone fears failure. That's why people often have the tendency to disassociate themselves from failures, especially in the workplace and in business. Although nobody likes to be identified as the one who messed up, there are very important lessons to be learned from failures of any magnitude. These lessons will help prevent the recurrence of avoidable everyday mistakes (including those that could lead to catastrophes) so businesses can focus on growth and success.
Identification: When learning from failure means putting oneself at risk, many employees steer clear of the opportunity. It is the job of business owners and managers to create an environment in which people have an incentive to identify and reveal failures. Providing a comfortable forum for employees will help them reveal more failures from which lessons can be learned.
Customers are also a good source for identifying failures. Seeking feedback from customers can expose all kinds of missteps, including communication breakdowns as well as failure to meet goals or satisfy customer requirements.
Effective identification of failure entails exposing failures as early as possible. This often requires a proactive effort on the part of managers to surface available data on failures and use it in a way that promotes learning.
Analysis: Learning cannot occur unless thoughtful analysis and discussion of failure occurs. Analysis of failure is like a failure autopsy. It helps identify the root cause of the failure and how it could have been prevented. Often, failure patterns will be identified.
Analysis and discussion of failures is challenging because people prefer to put past mistakes behind them rather than revisit and share them with others. It is up to managers to provide formal processes or forums in which employees can be comfortable. Also, the use of expert facilitators can help prevent discussions from getting personal and help keep them productive.
Discussions should include managers and employees who weren't originally involved in the failure so they have the opportunity to learn from it. These employees also may bring new perspectives and insights to the analysis because they aren't emotionally tied to the mistake.
Experimentation: This step is all about creating failures for the sole purpose of learning. It means trying new things to find out what works and what doesn't.
This is not to say that managers should encourage people to make mistakes but rather to acknowledge that failures are inevitable.The best thing to do is to learn from them as much as possible — especially from small ones so larger ones are less likely.
Only after a real crisis is active learning from failure common. At that point, the learning comes along too late to prevent serious harm. By focusing first on small failures, business owners can minimize the threatening nature of failure to gain experience and momentum in the learning process.


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Entertainment Magazine
The LEGO Ninjago Movie Is the Latest In What Has Been a Quietly Terrible Year for Animation at the Box Office
Posted on the 02 October 2017 by Weminoredinfilm.com @WeMinoredInFilm
Animation has been one of the most consistent money makers in recent Hollywood history, to the point that we almost take it for granted. Each new big animated movie is guaranteed an impressive worldwide gross, right? That's just the law. Good year, bad year, it doesn't matter. The animation game always goes like this: Disney banks serious coin, DreamWorks and Universal do alright, Warner Bros. and Sony are hit and miss and all the smaller studios usually struggle in the fight for what's left. In the end, at least two or three animated films pop up in the year's top 10-grossing movies. Always, forever and ever and ever.
Funny thing about that. When we weren't looking, 2017 turned into an uncommonly down year for animation at the box office. Regardless of their individual merits as films, Cars 3 ($360 million worldwide on a $200m+ budget), Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie ($110m worldwide on a $40m budget) and The Nut Job 2 ($40m on a $40m budget) all underperformed. In fact, Cars 3 and Captain Underpants are respectively among the lowest-grossing Pixar and DreamWorks films of all time. The latest casualty of the year, The LEGO Ninjago Movie, sits at just $58m worldwide, $35m domestic on a $70m budget after 10 days (compared to the $69m domestic The LEGO Movie pulled down in its first 3 days in 2014).
To be fair, Sony's decision to back cheaper fare proved to be a profitable one, but none of their especially kid-leaning titles this year broke out in any kind of meaningful way, with Smurfs: The Lost Village earning $197 million on a $60m budget and The Emoji Movie following it with $185m on a $50m budget. The Weinstein's modestly produced (budget=$30m) Canadian/French drama Leap! excelled in Europe and the rest of the world ($81m) but bombed in North America ($23m). And most people still haven't heard of LionsGate's Rock Dog ($9m) nor do they care to.
We all assume these movies, or at least most of them, are just glorified toy ads, and the toy divisions of their respective corporate owners are doing just fine meaning maybe everything balances out in the end. However, on some level you need enough people to come see your movie to help build up interest in your toys.
And only three animated movies this year have had success in getting enough people to show up - The LEGO Batman Movie-$311m worldwide versus $80m budget, Boss Baby-$498m worldwide versus $125m budget and Despicable Me 3-$1.02 billion versus $80m budget. Even that doesn't look quite as good as it might seem since The LEGO Batman Movie actually made 33% less than its quasi-predecessor, The LEGO Movie.
Still, on a big picture basis 2017's bomb/underperformer/tweener vs. blockbuster hit ratio is roughly the same was what we saw through the first 9 months of 2016. In that case, however, Zootopia, Finding Dory and The Secret Life of Pets combined for $2.92 billion worldwide compared to LEGO Batman, Boss Baby and Despicable Me 3's $1.83b. The final months of 2016 brought three additional box office wonders - Trolls, Moana and Sing - whereas the final three months of 2017 offers up one likely hit, Pixar's Coco, due 11/22, and three also-rans - Lionsgate's My Little Pony (10/6), Sony's faith-based Star (11/17) and Fox's John-Cena-as-a-bull comedy Ferdinand (12/15).
Now, like seemingly everything else at the box office in 2017, animation is going to post a big collective year-over-year decline. The question is why. 2017 has been a bad year for live-action sequels, reboots, remakes, sequels, but the same has been true of other years where animation still managed to thrive. So, what is it about this year and this particular crop of films that has translated into a downturn? Is it a quality issue, especially since several, though not all, of the poorer performing films simply aren't that good? Are more families staying at home now that Disney and DreamWorks have been putting their animated movies on Netflix faster than ever before? Is it a volume issue, with this year's animated fare perhaps being too bunched up on the calendar (e.g., only 3 weeks separated Cars 3 and Captain Underpants)? Is it simply a product issue, i.e., last year's animated movies were better and more anticipated than this year's?
Yes. Yes to all of that. However, Forbes has an additional explanation that might have factored into this:
What if the animated movies that do well are the ones that best target adults rather than (or at least in addition to) kids? Sure, there are kid moviegoers who want to see whatever the latest big animated feature happens to be, and there are parents who will drag their kids to whatever the big animated feature happens to be. But with all the talk about younger people not flocking to theaters and average moviegoers getting somewhat older, perhaps a generation raised on VOD and unlimited kid-friendly content at the push of a button doesn't necessarily consider another Smurfs movie to be a must-see event. That would somewhat ( Boss Baby benefiting from Trump connection, LEGO Batman playing on adult's nostalgia for all things Batman) though not completely (Despicable Me 3 stands as the outlier) explain what has and hasn't broken out this year.
So, has 2017's animation problem simply been that too many of these kids movies have seemed like, I dunno, actual kids movies, not ones which can be enjoyed on different levels by different age groups? Certain parents will take their kids to see the new animated movie no matter what, but might some others be having second thoughts if the movie in question doesn't look bearable? That would certainly help at least partially explain the modest performances of Smurfs, Captain Underpants, Ninjago, Cars 3 and several others.
What do you think? Let me know in the comments.
For the record, here's what 2018's animated lineup currently looks like:
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HomeResourcesShould I Have Prostate Cancer Screening?
Should I Have Prostate Cancer Screening?
Q. I'm in my early 60s and in good health. I am due for my annual physical later this year and keep reading about the controversy regarding prostate cancer screening. Should I plan to get tested for this or not? There doesn't seem to be a clear answer.
You are right, there is not a clear answer. Proponents say screening using the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and other methods saves lives because it detects prostate cancer at an earlier, more curable stage. Opponents say that screening can lead to complications from invasive biopsies and treatment of tumors. The American Cancer Society says that average-risk men with at least a 10-year life expectancy should begin discussing prostate cancer screening at age 50. Men with a PSA less than 2.5 ng/mL may be retested every two years. Men with a PSA greater than 2.5 ng/mL should be screened annually. The Cleveland Clinic Men's Health Advisor encourages engaging in shared decision-making with your physician, carefully reviewing the pros and cons of prostate cancer screening before saying yes or no. Two basic questions can begin the conversation.
1. How great is my risk of prostate cancer, based on my age, race, and medical history?
2. What are the risks and benefits of screening? Will I benefit from PSA testing, based on my health status, risk factors and life expectancy?
PSA testing, the backbone of prostate cancer screening, is not going away. Talk to your physician, make a decision you are comfortable with, and ask about any other tests that a positive PSA screening may indicate.
Want to read more pain questions and answers? See our Pain Q&A section.
Our expert: Jackson Rainer is a board-certified clinical psychologist who practices with the Care and Counseling Center in Decatur, Georgia, helping people living with chronic illnesses. He consults with a variety of experts to answer a selection of readers' questions in each issue of Pain-Free Living.
Have questions about living with and managing chronic pain? Email questions to [email protected]. Please put "PFL Q&A" in the subject line.


You'll Never Need Legal English Terms and Vocabulary – Way Too Specific!
Hi guys, hello boys and girls and welcome back to Robby's English Harmony video blog or alternatively in case you're listening to this as an audio file on iTunes or on my blog, welcome back to English Harmony podcast!
You see, the thing is that not all countries can view YouTube content. I know one of such country which is China where YouTube isn't actually accessible, but any blog visitors from China can actually read my blog and listen to the podcast. So the podcast is the alternative to watching a video. But the content is the very same. What I'm doing is I'm recording a video and then I'm producing a video file for YouTube and then, after that I'm producing an audio file for iTunes. Simple as that!
Anyhow, today let's talk about legal language. And let me tell you right up front that legal language is very much different from normal English that you would use on the street when speaking with people at work, and at school and so on and so forth. And why is it different?
What's So Special About the Legal Language?
Well, the thing is that the English language is very diverse. There is the conversational English. There's formal English. And then formal English subdivides into other branches. And then legal language is the most complicated form of formal English language. And I suppose all those specific terms and means of expression have been created to get rid of all dubiousness which is a fancy word for – let me try and explain this concept in simple words.
Basically, when something is dubious, you can understand it in two ways or two or more ways. So basically, to get rid of all things that could be interpreted in many ways. Everything has to be straightforward and clear cut in the court system, in the legal system. That's why the legal language is very precise but it's much different from the normal English that we're used to.
And why am I actually talking about this legal language? The other day I got contacted by one of my blog readers and he asked me why this specific word is used in a completely different way in this legal language? And I'm guessing that was an excerpt from some sort of a contract or something. And obviously my response was – he shouldn't be reading contracts and that kind of English because it will confuse you. You're so much better off just focusing on normal, simple English used in daily life and just forget about what is written in those contracts!
And I would imagine the person got that question because he had come across that particular sentence in a contract he was signing maybe. And as you all know, when you're settled down in an English-speaking country, there's plenty of contracts you have to sign. You have to open a bank account and there's plenty of contracts to sign. You probably sign up for a cellphone contract, basically you buy a cellphone and then you get billed every month and there's a contract to sign. You're signing a lease agreement when you're renting an apartment or a house or something like that. So there's plenty of paperwork to sign.
Obviously not all of us read through it, we just accept everything that's in there blindly, we just take it for face value, we just sign it. But sometimes when you start reading into that text, it's very difficult to wrap your head around all those sophisticated terms and expressions and fancy words and such.
And to tell you the truth my friends, there was a time back in the day when I was going down the same road. I was trying to translate everything that that particular contract said and I was trying to learn and memorize all those fancy words. But back then little did I know that those words wouldn't actually be useful in real life and all the time I spent on memorizing those words was just wasted.
All that time would have been so much better spent if I learned some conversational English. Some phrases, some idiomatic expressions and so on and so forth. And I actually reached down where all my old notepads are and I pulled out an old vocabulary, dictionary that I used to have back in the day.
I was writing down all the words with the respective translation in Latvian which is a definite no-no. But back then I didn't know that in order to successfully incorporate new English vocabulary words, you have to explain them using other simpler English words. But I was doing it in Latvian, therefore enforcing the translation mode of my mind whereby every time when I was speaking, I was translating from Latvian to English which is totally unnatural.
But anyhow, here is a section from legal language and all these terms hereupon, herewith, thereby, therein, thereof, thereupon. I was learning them all. I was memorizing them and I could actually recite them off by heart because I had memorized them, right?
And I would provide the translation into Latvian as to what it means, but could I use them in real life? Of course I couldn't! And that's the whole point of this video, my friends!
No Point in Learning Something You'll Never Use!
There is no point in trying to figure out what all that fancy language in a contract means. Because it's not going to serve any purpose unless you're trying to become a legal professional, a lawyer or something like that. Other than that it has no use for real life.
And in case you don't understand something that's in a contract, there's always ways of finding it out. You can ask a bank official what this particular thing means or you can actually use dictionaries and find out what it means and you figure it out but you don't necessarily have to learn it. You don't have to memorize all those words, you don't have to learn that vocabulary because chances are – you will never use those words. And that's about it, my friends.
This is a very, very valuable lesson today. Don't waste your time learning very specific English language such as legal language. And I just took this legal language as an example today because it's one of the most difficult aspect of English. It's a very specific language. Vocabulary is very, I suppose ancient. It comes from the old days because the court system to the best of my knowledge relies on old cases being presented as a precedent in the legal proceedings and all that. So I would imagine a lot of archaic vocabulary is still being used in the court system while in real life nobody uses those expressions and words.
So in case you're facing a situation where you have to sign a contract and you don't understand something, don't try to make perfect sense out of everything that you read there. In case you don't really understand what's written, ask someone for advice, ask them to explain in simple language what it means.
And to wrap this video up, I will actually tell you that here in Ireland there's this thing called the plain English, so that citizens and anyone else who deals with government institutions knows exactly what they're signing, knows exactly what they have to fill in the application forms because obviously they've come to realize that oftentimes if they use very legal language, very, very formal English in those application forms, ordinary people have a hard time understanding what it says there.
So I hope that there will be a time when the court system catches up with that and also starts using simpler language to explain all those legal terms. But maybe it's not possible. Just like I told you, they have to avoid any dubiousness and everything has to be very clear cut and straightforward. So maybe there's a reason why things are the way they are.
But anyhow, that was today's video and obviously you can let me know if you've had any experience dealing with legal paperwork, any contracts and such. And have they ever confused you? And have you been wasting your time trying to memorize legal vocabulary for example?
Let me know and let's get the discussion going. All right. Thanks for watching my video, I'll chat to you soon. Bye bye!


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SC editorial: Grant prisoners access to DN...
SC editorial: Grant prisoners access to DNA testing
At a hearing today in South Carolina, lawmakers are considering making their state the 45th in the country to allow prisoners access to DNA testing that can prove innocence. An editorial in The State today says it is time for legislators to take action on this important bill.
When an innocent person goes to prison, a guilty person roams our streets, free to victimize again.
That is the practical reason we need to do all we reasonably can to make sure that the innocent aren't convicted and that, if they are, those convictions are reversed and an investigation re-opened. The moral reason, of course, is that it's wrong to imprison the innocent.
We will never get those initial convictions correct 100 percent of the time, but there is a way we can improve our chance of identifying and correcting the errors. Our Legislature will have the opportunity to put it into place today.
A bill awaiting final approval by the House and Senate would add our state to the 44 others that allow people convicted of murder, rape and a handful of other violent crimes to have DNA testing done if they can convince a judge it would likely prove them innocent. That's something that, in most cases, cannot happen today.
Read the full editorial here
. (The State, 06/25/08)


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Uyghur American Association forum > News - Xewerler > News > China wind-power plant maker wants US IPO
View Full Version : China wind-power plant maker wants US IPO
China wind-power plant maker wants US IPO
By Alison Leung
Tuesday, June 20, 2006; 12:53 AM
HONG KONG (Reuters) - China's largest homegrown maker of wind-power generators, Goldwind Science and Technology Co. Ltd., is pursuing a U.S. listing to bankroll an expansion aimed at driving an eight-fold increase in sales to 4 billion yuan ($500 million) by 2008.
Goldwind, based in the remote northwestern region of Xinjiang, said it is in talks with Morgan Stanley (MS.N), Goldman Sachs (GS.N), Deutsche Bank (DBKGn.DE) and Citigroup (C.N), hoping to take them on as financial advisors ahead of a listing.
But Chairman Wu Gang told Reuters in a telephone interview from Beijing the firm had not decided on a capital-raising target, nor had they set a deadline for a public float.
But Goldwind, which hopes to chalk up 1.2 billion yuan in revenue this year after more than 500 million yuan in 2005, intends to ride Beijing's growing encouragement of cleaner energy alternatives, and a nationwide environmental clean-up ahead of the Beijing Olympics in 2008.
Under China's policy of pushing renewable energy -- to reduce a heavy reliance on polluting fossil fuels for power generation -- Goldwind's turnover has doubled in each of the past seven years and has been making "decent profits," Wu said.
"Wind power companies need strong financial backing, a clean public image and a good brand," Wu said, explaining the reasons for a listing.
China aims to have 30 gigawatts of installed wind power capacity by 2020, versus just 1.26 gigawatts last year, he said.
That's why competition is heating up at home with a dozen or so foreign players vying for a slice of the booming market, including global leader Vestas Wind Systems (VWS.CO), Spain's Gamesa (GAM.MC) and India's Suzlon Energy Ltd. (SUZL.BO).
With total assets of just 600 million yuan, Goldwind nonetheless made 27 percent of the wind power generators sold in China in 2005, Wu said.
"We are striving to catch up on the technology front with international peers, hopefully in three to five years."
($1=8.001 Yuan)