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Results for 'Joseph Carew'
Joseph Carew
McGill University (PhD)
Reclaiming Rationality Experientially: The New Metaphysics of Human Spirit in Hegel's Phenomenology.Carew Joseph - 2016 - Online Journal of Hegelian Studies (REH) 13 (21):55-93.details
Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit is typically read as a work that either rehabilitates the metaphysical tradition or argues for a new form of idealism centred on social normativity. In the following, I show that neither approach suffices. Not only does the metaphysical reading ignore how the Phenomenology demonstrates that human rationality can never adequately capture ultimate reality because ultimate reality itself has a moment of brute facticity that resists explanation, which prevents us from taking it as a logically self-contained, self-justifying (...) metaphysical zone traditionally known as 'substance,' but it also ignores how the Phenomenology equally demonstrates that human rationality creates a historically self-unfolding universe of meaning that is, because it displays a rational systematicity and consistency unlike anything else in the world, the closest thing we have to substance, but which, given its freedom, is more correctly called 'subject.' Consequently, while the non-metaphysical reading rightly recognizes that the Phenomenology develops a radically innovative account of intersubjectivity, it neglects how the social theory that it develops comes fully equipped with various metaphysical commitments concerning nature, spirit, and the relationship between them without which this theory would be unintelligible. (shrink)
Ontological Catastrophe: Zizek and the Paradoxical Metaphysics of German Idealism.Joseph Carew - 2014 - Ann Arbor: Open Humanities Press.details
In Ontological Catastrophe, Joseph Carew takes up the central question guiding Slavoj Žižek's philosophy: How could something like phenomenal reality emerge out of the meaninglessness of the Real? Carefully reconstructing and expanding upon his controversial reactualization of German Idealism, Carew argues that Žižek offers us an original, but perhaps terrifying, response: experience is possible only if we presuppose a prior moment of breakdown as the ontogenetic basis of subjectivity. Drawing upon resources found in Žižek, Lacanian psychoanalysis, and (...) post-Kantian philosophy, Carew thus develops a new critical metaphysics—a metaphysics which is a variation upon the late German Idealist theme of balancing system and freedom, realism and idealism, in a single, self-reflexive theoretical construct—that challenges our understanding of nature, culture, and the ultimate structure of reality. (shrink)
Hegel's Phenomenology: On the Logical Structure of Human Experience.Joseph Carew - 2019 - Open Philosophy 2 (1):462-479.details
I argue that Hegel's Phenomenology is an attempt to prove that human experience displays a sui generis logical structure. This is because, as rational animals who instinctively create a universe of meaning to navigate our environment, the perceptual content of our conscious experience of objects, the desires that motivate our self-conscious experience of action, and the beliefs and values that make up our sociohistorical experience all testify to the presence of rationality as their condition of possibility. As such, Hegel's Phenomenology (...) not only requires of us that we transform the mission of logic into a description of the immanent logic at the basis of human experience, thereby making the task of logic "anthropological." It also presents us with a novel model of human experience—one that: demonstrates the rationality already instinctively at work in our bodily sensations, perceptions, and desires; gives an account of the origins of human society and history; and also makes human experience irreducible to cognitive processes in the brain, psychological mechanisms, and the biological imperatives of survival and reproduction. (shrink)
Homo Sapience Joseph II.Joseph Abela - 2010 - Matador.details
Homo Sapience Joseph II.Joseph - 2004 - Matador.details
The fruitful death of modal collapse arguments.Joseph C. Schmid - 2022 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 91 (1):3-22.details
Modal collapse arguments are all the rage in certain philosophical circles as of late. The arguments purport to show that classical theism entails the absurdly fatalistic conclusion that everything exists necessarily. My first aim in this paper is bold: to put an end to action-based modal collapse arguments against classical theism. To accomplish this, I first articulate the 'Simple Modal Collapse Argument' and then characterize and defend Tomaszewski's criticism thereof. Second, I critically examine Mullins' new modal collapse argument formulated in (...) response to the aforementioned criticism. I argue that Mullins' new argument does not succeed. Third, I critically examine a powers-based modal collapse argument against classical theism that has received much less attention in the literature. Fourth, I show why God's being purely actual, as well God's being identical to each of God's acts, simply cannot entail modal collapse given indeterministic causation. This, I take it, signals the death of modal collapse arguments. But not all hope is lost for proponents of modal collapse arguments—for the death is a fruitful one insofar as it paves the way for new inquiry into at least two new potential problems for classical theism. Showing this is my paper's second aim. (shrink)
Joseph Priestley.Alan Tapper - 2002 - In Philip B. Dematteis Peter S. Fosl (ed.), British Philosophers 1500–1799. Columbia, USA: Broccoli Clark Layman. pp. 307-23.details
In his day, Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) was a philosopher of some importance. He argued the case for materialism perhaps more cogently than did any British thinker before recent times. He presented determinism vigorously, with a focus on the central issue of the nature of causation. He defended scientific realism against Reid's Common Sense realism and against Hume's phenomenonalism. He articulated a working scientist's account of causation, induction and scientific progress. He defended the Argument from Design against Hume's criticisms. His (...) attempt to combine theism, materialism and determinism is audacious and original. As a political thinker, he argued the case for extensive civil liberties. He was perhaps the most thorough British exponent of a Providentialist account of progress. His ultimate aim was to combine Enlightenment principles with a modernized Christian theism. (shrink)
The aloneness argument against classical theism.Joseph C. Schmid & R. T. Mullins - 2022 - Religious Studies 58 (2):1-19.details
We argue that there is a conflict among classical theism's commitments to divine simplicity, divine creative freedom, and omniscience. We start by defining key terms for the debate related to classical theism. Then we articulate a new argument, the Aloneness Argument, aiming to establish a conflict among these attributes. In broad outline, the argument proceeds as follows. Under classical theism, it's possible that God exists without anything apart from Him. Any knowledge God has in such a world would be wholly (...) intrinsic. But there are contingent truths in every world, including the world in which God exists alone. So, it's possible that God contingently has wholly intrinsic knowledge. But whatever is contingent and wholly intrinsic is an accident. So, God possibly has an accident. This is incompatible with classical theism. Finally, we consider and rebut several objections. (shrink)
The Fragmentation of Belief.Joseph Bendana & Eric Mandelbaum - forthcoming - In Cristina Borgoni, Dirk Kindermann & Andrea Onofri (eds.), The Fragmented Mind. Oxford, UK:details
Belief storage is often modeled as having the structure of a single, unified web. This model of belief storage is attractive and widely assumed because it appears to provide an explanation of the flexibility of cognition and the complicated dynamics of belief revision. However, when one scrutinizes human cognition, one finds strong evidence against a unified web of belief and for a fragmented model of belief storage. Using the best available evidence from cognitive science, we develop this fragmented model into (...) a nascent theory of the cognitive architecture of belief storage. (shrink)
Joseph Raz on the Problem of the Amoralist.Terence Rajivan Edward - 2013 - Abstracta 7 (1):85-93.details
Joseph Raz has argued that the problem of the amoralist is misconceived. In this paper, I present three interpretations of what his argument is. None of these interpretations yields an argument that we are in a position to accept.
Simply Unsuccessful: The Neo-Platonic Proof of God's Existence.Joseph Conrad Schmid - 2022 - European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 13 (4):129-156.details
Edward Feser defends the 'Neo-Platonic proof ' for the existence of the God of classical theism. After articulating the argument and a number of preliminaries, I first argue that premise three of Feser's argument—the causal principle that every composite object requires a sustaining efficient cause to combine its parts—is both unjustified and dialectically ill-situated. I then argue that the Neo-Platonic proof fails to deliver the mindedness of the absolutely simple being and instead militates against its mindedness. Finally, I uncover two (...) tensions between Trinitarianism and the Neo-Platonic proof. (shrink)
Informed Consent: What Must Be Disclosed and What Must Be Understood?Joseph Millum & Danielle Bromwich - 2021 - American Journal of Bioethics 21 (5):46-58.details
Over the last few decades, multiple studies have examined the understanding of participants in clinical research. They show variable and often poor understanding of key elements of disclosure, such as expected risks and the experimental nature of treatments. Did the participants in these studies give valid consent? According to the standard view of informed consent they did not. The standard view holds that the recipient of consent has a duty to disclose certain information to the profferer of consent because valid (...) consent requires that information to be understood. The contents of the understanding and disclosure requirements are therefore conceptually linked. In this paper, we argue that the standard view is mistaken. The disclosure and understanding requirements have distinct grounds tied to two different ways in which a token of consent can be rendered invalid. Analysis of these grounds allows us to derive the contents of the two requirements. It also implies that it is sometimes permissible to enroll willing participants who have not understood everything that they ought to be told about their clinical trials. (shrink)
How Payment For Research Participation Can Be Coercive.Joseph Millum & Michael Garnett - 2019 - American Journal of Bioethics 19 (9):21-31.details
The idea that payment for research participation can be coercive appears widespread among research ethics committee members, researchers, and regulatory bodies. Yet analysis of the concept of coercion by philosophers and bioethicists has mostly concluded that payment does not coerce, because coercion necessarily involves threats, not offers. In this article we aim to resolve this disagreement by distinguishing between two distinct but overlapping concepts of coercion. Consent-undermining coercion marks out certain actions as impermissible and certain agreements as unenforceable. By contrast, (...) coercion as subjection indicates a way in which someone's interests can be partially set back in virtue of being subject to another's foreign will. While offers of payment do not normally constitute consent-undermining coercion, they do sometimes constitute coercion as subjection. We offer an analysis of coercion as subjection and propose three possible practical responses to worries about the coerciveness of payment. (shrink)
Joseph Butler as a Bridge joining Ancients, Moderns & Future Generations.David Edmund White - manuscriptdetails
Joseph Butler was an Anglican priest and later a bishop who wrote about ethics, religion, and other philosophical themes. He is not well known today. During his lifetime and into the early part of the twentieth century he was better known especially for his major work the Analogy of Religion (1736). Today he is known mostly for his sermons which are interpreted as essays on ethics and for his essay on identity. Butler had a profound effect on J. H. (...) Newman, Matthew Arnold, and W. E. Gladstone and some effect on many other popular, academic, and professional readers. This book is as much about Butler's sources and his reception as it is about the way he arranged and presented the evidence in the first half of the 18th century. He was a good man and is recognized by the Anglican church as a divine. We have no interest in taking a nostalgic look at a quaint figure in English church history. To those who claim Butler is unknown, that he was "blown out of the water" by John Wesley or Karl Barth, or Cornelius van Til, we can only say Butler is not as well known in the 20th and 21st centuries as in the 19th, but he is certainly not unknown to those who have taken any interest in philosophy, religion, or ethics. Today there has been a revival of interest in Bishop Butler. Our concern is to build and maintain a bridge that will help to keep this momentum. He offers an ethic that is universal and clearly Christian, yet it is based on the nature of man. Kant had a similar project, but in our opinion, Butler makes more compelling arguments. What is of interest to the Christian apologist is Butler's work in this area. The purpose of this book is to present Butler's ideas. We believe that his ethics have a universality that is applicable to people of all religious faiths and those that have none. It is common sense way of looking at ethics for everyday interaction. This book is a narrative argument presenting in detail how Butler's creative arrangement of the evidence served as a bridge between the ancients as known in the Greek, Latin, and Hebrew originals, and the moderns, mostly Anglophone, who constituted Butler's work environment and his reception in the latter day down to the present. We can hardly expect everyone to agree with Butler on all points, we certainly do not. The point at issue is rather whether he merits a seat at the present-day round table of deliberation on matters pertaining to philosophy, religion, and ethics. (shrink)
A Cultural Species and its Cognitive Phenotypes: Implications for Philosophy.Joseph Henrich, Damián E. Blasi, Cameron M. Curtin, Helen Elizabeth Davis, Ze Hong, Daniel Kelly & Ivan Kroupin - forthcoming - Review of Philosophy and Psychology:1-38.details
After introducing the new field of cultural evolution, we review a growing body of empirical evidence suggesting that culture shapes what people attend to, perceive and remember as well as how they think, feel and reason. Focusing on perception, spatial navigation, mentalizing, thinking styles, reasoning (epistemic norms) and language, we discuss not only important variation in these domains, but emphasize that most researchers (including philosophers) and research participants are psychologically peculiar within a global and historical context. This rising tide of (...) evidence recommends caution in relying on one's intuitions or even in generalizing from reliable psychological findings to the species, Homo sapiens. Our evolutionary approach suggests that humans have evolved a suite of reliably developing cognitive abilities that adapt our minds, information-processing abilities and emotions ontogenetically to the diverse culturally-constructed worlds we confront. (shrink)
Selected topics in the African reflection on international relations: A study of the views of George M. Carew.Krzysztof Trzcinski - 2014 - In Re-Visions and Re-Orientations: Non-European Thought in International Relations Studies. London, UK: Bloomsbury. pp. 112-129.details
In this paper, I present and make a critical analysis of the thoughts of the Sierra Leonean philosopher George M. Carew, who is the author of one of the broadest contemporary visions of the political future of Africa. The significance of Carew's views consists mainly in the fact that he points out the importance of the concept of deliberative democracy for the African countries looking after their interests, as now they do not have any effective instruments of acting (...) in the global environment. Published in: Re-Visions and Re-Orientations: Non-European Thought in International Relations Studies, ed. by J. Zajączkowski, M.F. Gawrycki and A. Bógdał Brzezińska, Bloomsbury, London 2014, pp. 112-129. (shrink)
Stage One of the Aristotelian Proof: A Critical Appraisal.Joseph C. Schmid - 2021 - Sophia 60 (4):781-796.details
What explains change? Edward Feser argues in his 'Aristotelian proof' that the only adequate answer to these questions is ultimately in terms of an unchangeable, purely actual being. In this paper, I target the cogency of Feser's reasoning to such an answer. In particular, I present novel paths of criticism—both undercutting and rebutting—against one of Feser's central premises. I then argue that Feser's inference that the unactualized actualizer lacks any potentialities contains a number of non-sequiturs.
A Step-by-Step Argument for Causal Finitism.Joseph C. Schmid - forthcoming - Erkenntnis:1-26.details
I defend a new argument for causal finitism, the view that nothing can have an infinite causal history. I begin by defending a number of plausible metaphysical principles, after which I explore a host of novel variants of the Littlewood-Ross and Thomson's Lamp paradoxes that violate such principles. I argue that causal finitism is the best solution to the paradoxes.
A Higher-Order Theory of Emotional Consciousness.Joseph LeDoux & Richard Brown - 2017 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 114 (10):E2016-E2025.details
Emotional states of consciousness, or what are typically called emotional feelings, are traditionally viewed as being innately programed in subcortical areas of the brain, and are often treated as different from cognitive states of consciousness, such as those related to the perception of external stimuli. We argue that conscious experiences, regardless of their content, arise from one system in the brain. On this view, what differs in emotional and non-emotional states is the kind of inputs that are processed by a (...) general cortical network of cognition, a network essential for conscious experiences. Although subcortical circuits are not directly responsible for conscious feelings, they provide non-conscious inputs that coalesce with other kinds of neural signals in the cognitive assembly of conscious emotional experiences. In building the case for this proposal, we defend a modified version of what is known as the higher-order theory of consciousness. (shrink)
Existential inertia and the Aristotelian proof.Joseph C. Schmid - 2021 - International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 89 (3):201-220.details
Edward Feser defends the 'Aristotelian proof' for the existence of God, which reasons that the only adequate explanation of the existence of change is in terms of an unchangeable, purely actual being. His argument, however, relies on the falsity of the Existential Inertia Thesis, according to which concrete objects tend to persist in existence without requiring an existential sustaining cause. In this article, I first characterize the dialectical context of Feser's Aristotelian proof, paying special attention to EIT and its rival (...) thesis—the Existential Expiration Thesis. Next, I provide a more precise characterization of EIT, after which I outline two metaphysical accounts of existential inertia. I then develop new lines of reasoning in favor of EIT that appeal to the theoretical virtues of explanatory power and simplicity. Finally, I address the predominant criticisms of EIT in the literature. (shrink)
Ordinary Truth in Tarski and Næss.Joseph Ulatowski - 2016 - In Adrian Kuzniar & Joanna Odrowąż-Sypniewska (eds.), Uncovering Facts and Values. Brill. pp. 67-90.details
Alfred Tarski seems to endorse a partial conception of truth, the T-schema, which he believes might be clarified by the application of empirical methods, specifically citing the experimental results of Arne Næss (1938a). The aim of this paper is to argue that Næss' empirical work confirmed Tarski's semantic conception of truth, among others. In the first part, I lay out the case for believing that Tarski's T-schema, while not the formal and generalizable Convention-T, provides a partial account of truth that (...) may be buttressed by an examination of the ordinary person's views of truth. Then, I address a concern raised by Tarski's contemporaries who saw Næss' results as refuting Tarski's semantic conception. Following that, I summarize Næss' results. Finally, I will contend with a few objections that suggest a strict interpretation of Næss' results might recommend an overturning of Tarski's theory. (shrink)
Understanding, Communication, and Consent.Joseph Millum & Danielle Bromwich - 2018 - Ergo: An Open Access Journal of Philosophy 5:45-68.details
Misconceived Consent: Miguel has stage IV lung cancer. He has nearly exhausted his treatment options when his oncologist, Dr. Llewellyn, tells him about an experimental vaccine trial that may boost his immune response to kill cancer cells. Dr. Llewellyn provides Miguel with a consent form that explains why the study is being conducted, what procedures he will undergo, what the various risks and benefits are, alternative sources of treatment, and so forth. She even sits down with him, carefully talks through (...) the most important points, and gives him time to ask questions. Though it is a Phase 1 study and the chance that he will benefit is very low, Miguel happily agrees to take part. A week later, after the first experimental injection, she asks him if he is worried about the risks. "Risks?" he asks. "I'm sure this is safe—you're a doctor, after all!". (shrink)
Sensationalism.Joseph Agassi - 1966 - Mind 75 (297):1-24.details
Response To Jason Springs.Joseph Winters - 2020 - Journal of Religious Ethics 48 (2):299-307.details
Sublimation and Affirmation in Nietzsche's Psychology.Joseph Swenson - 2014 - Journal of Nietzsche Studies 45 (2):196-209.details
ABSTRACT Nietzsche sometimes offers the elusive suggestion that his psychology is not just original, but inaugural: a "first" in the field of philosophy. This article argues that a clue to his inaugural ambitions is discovered in his novel use of sublimation as a concept that engages in both a genealogical critique and a therapeutic reassessment of the basic prejudices of value dualism that he claims constitute the evaluative core of the Western tradition. Genealogically, sublimation provides Nietzsche with a new structure (...) of naturalistic narrative that explains how traditionally opposed values actually share a common natural origin. Therapeutically, Nietzsche's various sublimation narratives serve to qualify the effects of his own naturalistic critique by revealing how and why our animal bodies and drives can now be practically affirmed as a new source of human dignity. (shrink)
Against Credibility.Joseph Shieber - 2012 - Australasian Journal of Philosophy 90 (1):1 - 18.details
How does the monitoring of a testifier's credibility by recipients of testimony bear upon the epistemic licence accruing to a recipient's belief in the testifier's communications? According to an intuitive and philosophically influential conception, licensed acceptance of testimony requires that recipients of testimony monitor testifiers with respect to their credibility. I argue that this conception, however, proves to be untenable when confronted with the wealth of empirical evidence bearing on the ways in which testifiers and their interlocutors actually interact.
Knowledgeably Responding to Reasons.Joseph Cunningham - 2020 - Erkenntnis 85 (3):673-692.details
Jennifer Hornsby has defended the Reasons-Knowledge Thesis : the claim that \-ing because p requires knowing that p, where the 'because' at issue is a rationalising 'because'. She defends by appeal to the thought that it provides the best explanation of why the subject in a certain sort of Gettier case fails to be in a position to \ because p. Dustin Locke and, separately, Nick Hughes, present some modified barn-façade cases which seem to constitute counterexamples to and undermine Hornsby's (...) way of motivating it by rendering their alternative Reasons-Explanation Thesis a better explanation of Hornsby's datum. This paper defends and Hornsby's argument for it against those objections. First, I point out that their supposedly intuitive verdict about the relevant barn-façade cases is not as intuitive as they think. Second, I point out that even if we share the intuition: we have strong reason to doubt the verdict anyway. And finally, I point out that since is independently implausible, the two problems can be tackled anyway. (shrink)
The Foundation of the Child's Right to an Open Future.Joseph Millum - 2014 - Journal of Social Philosophy 45 (4):522-538.details
It is common to cite the child's "right to an open future" in discussions of how parents and the state may and should treat children. However, the right to an open future can only be useful in these discussions if we have some method for deriving the content of the right. In the paper in which he introduces the right to an open future Joel Feinberg seems to provide such a method: he derives the right from the content of adult (...) autonomy rights. In this paper I argue that his argument fails. If it is to give us guidance about the content of the child's right to an open future, then the right should be interpreted as a right to a maximally open future. But this strong interpretation is unjustified: the arguments that can be found in Feinberg in favor of the right are invalid, and, in any case, this interpretation has implausible implications. A moderate interpretation of the right to an open future, according to which children have a right to acquire some reasonable range of skills and options, is more plausible. However, if a moderate interpretation is correct, there is not only no argument in Feinberg to support it, there is also no method for deriving the content of the right. Without such a method we have to bring in other moral considerations in order to work out the limits on parental discretion and what children are owed. The right to an open future then does no normative work. (shrink)
Post‐trial access to antiretrovirals: Who owes what to whom?Joseph Millum - 2011 - Bioethics 25 (3):145-154.details
ABSTRACTMany recent articles argue that participants who seroconvert during HIV prevention trials deserve treatment when they develop AIDS, and there is a general consensus that the participants in HIV/AIDS treatment trials should have continuing post‐trial access. As a result, the primary concern of many ethicists and activists has shifted from justifying an obligation to treat trial participants, to working out mechanisms through which treatment could be provided. In this paper I argue that this shift frequently conceals an important assumption: that (...) if there is an obligation to supply treatment, then any party who could provide it may be prevailed upon to discharge the obligation. This assumption is false. The reasons why trial participants should get ART affect who has the duty to provide it. We should not burden governments with the obligations of sponsors, nor researchers with the obligations of the international community. And we should not deprive a group of treatment because their need is less salient than that of research participants. Insisting otherwise may lead to people being wrongfully deprived of access to antiretrovirals. (shrink)
Naturalism, classical theism, and first causes.Joseph Schmid - forthcoming - Religious Studies.details
Enric F. Gel has recently argued that classical theism enjoys a significant advantage over Graham Oppy's naturalism. According to Gel, classical theism – unlike Oppy's naturalism – satisfactorily answers two questions: first, how many first causes are there, and second, why is it that number rather than another? In this article, I reply to Gel's argument for classical theism's advantage over Oppy's naturalism. I also draw out wider implications of my investigation for the gap problem and Christian doctrine along the (...) way. (shrink)
Toward a Truly Social Epistemology: Babbage, the Division of Mental Labor, and the Possibility of Socially Distributed Warrant.Joseph Shieber - 2013 - Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 86 (2):266-294.details
In what follows, I appeal to Charles Babbage's discussion of the division of mental labor to provide evidence that—at least with respect to the social acquisition, storage, retrieval, and transmission of knowledge—epistemologists have, for a broad range of phenomena of crucial importance to actual knowers in their epistemic practices in everyday life, failed adequately to appreciate the significance of socially distributed cognition. If the discussion here is successful, I will have demonstrated that a particular presumption widely held within the contemporary (...) discussion of the epistemology of testimony—a presumption that I will term the personalist requirement—fails to account for those very practices of knowers that I detail here. I will then conclude by suggesting that an alternate account of testimonial warrant, one that has heretofore been underappreciated, ought to be given more serious consideration—in particular because it is well suited to account for those actual practices of knowers that the personalist requirement leaves unrecognized. (shrink)
Respect for Persons.Joseph Millum & Danielle Bromwich - 2020 - The Oxford Handbook of Research Ethics.details
This chapter explores the foundation and content of the duty to respect persons. The authors argue that it is best understood as a duty to recognize people's rights. Respect for persons therefore has specific implications for how competent and non-competent persons ought to be treated in research. For competent persons it underlies the obligation to obtain consent to many research procedures. The chapter gives an analysis of the requirements for obtaining valid consent. It then considers respect for persons as it (...) relates to four common topics: the therapeutic misconception, research with children and adolescents, the use of deception in research, and research on competent adults without their consent. (shrink)
Consent Under Pressure: The Puzzle of Third Party Coercion.Joseph Millum - 2014 - Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 17 (1):113-127.details
Coercion by the recipient of consent renders that consent invalid. But what about when the coercive force comes from a third party, not from the person to whom consent would be proffered? In this paper I analyze how threats from a third party affect consent. I argue that, as with other cases of coercion, we should distinguish threats that render consent invalid from threats whose force is too weak to invalidate consent and threats that are legitimate. Illegitimate controlling third party (...) threats render consent invalid just as they do in two party cases. However, knowing that the consent is invalid is not sufficient to tell the recipient of consent what she may or should do. I argue that when presented with a token of consent from someone whom she thinks is experiencing an illegitimate controlling threat, the recipient may act on that token if and only if doing so represents a reasonable joint decision for her and the victim of coercion. The appropriate action for someone faced with third party coercion therefore depends on the other options open to her and those open to the victim of coercion. (shrink)
When nothing looks blue.Joseph Gottlieb & Ali Rezaei - 2020 - Synthese 199 (1-2):2553-2561.details
Pitt :735–741, 2017) has argued that reductive representationalism entails an absurdity akin to the "paramechanical hypothesis" Ryle attributed to Descartes. This paper focuses on one version of reductive representationalism: the property-complex theory. We contend that at least insofar as the property-complex theory goes, Pitt is wrong. The result is not just a response to Pitt, but also a clarification of the aims and structure of the property-complex theory.
Joseph Priestley a jeho přístup ke zkoumání lidské mysli.Eva Peterková - 2018 - Teorie Vědy / Theory of Science 40 (1):89-106.details
Článek se snaží přiblížit přístup Josepha Priestleyho ke zkoumání lidské mysli. Postupně jsou ukázány dva kroky, ve kterých Priestley mění svůj pohled na hmotu a ducha a dochází k materialismu. V prvním kroku redefinuje pojem hmoty a přisuzuje hmotě zcela nové vlastnosti – síly přitahování a odpuzování. V druhém kroku pomocí těchto nových vlastností vysvětluje schopnost vnímání a myšlení. V těchto krocích navíc využívá poznatky tehdejší přírodní filosofie, zejména mechaniky. Člověk a jeho mysl jsou podle Priestleyho součástí přírody. To znamená, (...) že člověk a lidská mysl jsou určitým mechanismem, který pracuje podle přírodních zákonů a lze jej pomocí těchto zákonů také vysvětlit. (shrink)
Expanding the vector model for dispositionalist approaches to causation.Joseph Baltimore - 2019 - Synthese 196 (12):5083-5098.details
Neuron diagrams are heavily employed in academic discussions of causation. Stephen Mumford and Rani Lill Anjum, however, offer an alternative approach employing vector diagrams, which this paper attempts to develop further. I identify three ways in which dispositionalists have taken the activities of powers to be related: stimulation, mutual manifestation, and contribution combination. While Mumford and Anjum do provide resources for representing contribution combination, which might be sufficient for their particular brand of dispositionalism, I argue that those resources are not (...) flexible enough to further accommodate either stimulation or mutual manifestation. Representational tools are provided to address these limitations, improving the general value of the vector model for dispositionalist approaches to causation. (shrink)
On ambitious higher-order theories of consciousness.Joseph Gottlieb - 2020 - Philosophical Psychology 33 (3):421-441.details
ABSTRACTAmbitious Higher-order theories of consciousness – Higher-order theories that purport to give an account of phenomenal consciousness – face a well-known objection from the possibility of ra...
Age and Death: A Defence of Gradualism.Joseph Millum - 2015 - Utilitas 27 (3):279-297.details
According to standard comparativist views, death is bad insofar as it deprives someone of goods she would otherwise have had. In The Ethics of Killing, Jeff McMahan argues against such views and in favor of a gradualist account according to which how bad it is to die is a function of both the future goods of which the decedent is deprived and her cognitive development when she dies. Comparativists and gradualists therefore disagree about how bad it is to die at (...) different ages. In this paper I examine two prominent criticisms of gradualism and show that both misconstrue McMahan. I develop a related criticism that seems to show that a gradualist cannot coherently relate morbidity and mortality. This criticism also fails, but has an instructive implication for how policy-makers setting priorities for health care investments should regard choices between life-saving interventions and interventions against non-fatal diseases in the very young. (shrink)
Descartes on Physical Vacuum: Rationalism in Natural-Philosophical Debate.Joseph Zepeda - 2013 - Society and Politics 7 (2):126-141.details
Descartes is notorious for holding a strong anti-vacuist position. On his view, according to the standard reading, empty space not only does not exist in nature, but it is logically impossible. The very notion of a void or vacuum is an incoherent one. Recently Eric Palmer has proposed a revisionist reading of Descartes on empty space, arguing that he is more sanguine about its possibility. Palmer makes use of Descartes' early correspondence with Marin Mersenne, including his commentary on Galileo's Two (...) New Sciences. I argue that Palmer's reading is mistaken, and that it relies on an understandable but faulty inference—i.e., that if Descartes considers the implications of an opposing view, he must find it at least coherent. Descartes, as I show from his correspondence and other texts, uses a variety of persuasive strategies, and levels charges of different logical strength, against positions which he takes to be incoherent. Thus we cannot infer from the fact that Descartes argues, e.g., that something is a superfluous theoretical entity, that he admits that entity's coherence. He often chooses to argue a weaker thesis against an opponent so that he can use an argument to which the opponent is more likely to agree. (shrink)
Joseph Margolis, What, After All, Is a Work of Art? Reviewed by.John Dilworth - 2000 - Philosophy in Review 20 (2):129-131.details
This book is the outcome of a series of lectures on art-related topics which Margolis gave in various places, including Finland, Russia, Japan and the USA, from 1995 through 1997. Mainly these lectures vividly distill views which Margolis has developed more fully elsewhere. Also, as his readers know, Margolis has an unusually allencompassing and closely integrated series of views on almost all of the main issues concerning both art and philosophy generally. Thus the task of a reviewer of this book (...) is the difficult one of somehow coming to terms and finding something useful to say (in a brief compass) on the full sweep of Margolis's philosophy as encapsulated by these lectures. (shrink)
Classical Theism, Arbitrary Creation, and Reason-Based Action.Joseph C. Schmid - 2022 - Sophia 61 (3):565-579.details
Surely God, as a perfectly rational being, created the universe for some _reason_. But is God's creating the universe for a reason compatible with divine impassibility? That is the question I investigate in this article. The _prima facie_ tension between impassibility and God's creating for a reason arises from impassibility's commitment to God being uninfluenced by anything _ad extra_. If God is uninfluenced in this way, asks the detractor, how could he be moved to create anything at all? This _prima (...) facie_ tension has recently been formalized and dubbed the 'Problem of Arbitrary Creation'. In this article, I defend a new extension of this problem. I begin by characterizing classical theism, divine simplicity, and divine impassibility. I then spell out the Problem of Arbitrary Creation as developed by R. T. Mullins. I next raise a worry for Mullins' version of the argument. Finally, I extend the argument and show how my extension avoids the aforementioned worry. (shrink)
Sharing the benefits of research fairly: two approaches.Joseph Millum - 2012 - Journal of Medical Ethics 38 (4):219-223.details
Research projects sponsored by rich countries or companies and carried out in developing countries are often described as exploitative. One important debate about the prevention of exploitation in research centres on whether and how clinical research in developing countries should be responsive to local health problems. This paper analyses the responsiveness debate and draws out more general lessons for how policy makers can prevent exploitation in various research contexts. There are two independent ways to do this in the face of (...) entrenched power differences: to impose restrictions on the content of benefit-sharing arrangements, and to institute independent effective oversight. Which method should be chosen is highly dependent on context. (shrink)
From Modal Collapse to Providential Collapse.Joseph C. Schmid - 2022 - Philosophia 50 (3):1413-1435.details
The modal collapse objection to classical theism has received significant attention among philosophers as of late. My aim in this paper is to advance this blossoming debate. First, I briefly survey the modal collapse literature and argue that classical theists avoid modal collapse if and only if they embrace an indeterministic link between God and his effects. Second, I argue that this indeterminism poses two challenges to classical theism. The first challenge is that it collapses God's status as an intentional (...) agent who knows and intends what he is bringing about in advance. The second challenge is that it collapses God's providential control over which creation obtains. (shrink)
Space Colonization and Existential Risk.Joseph Gottlieb - 2019 - Journal of the American Philosophical Association 5 (3):306-320.details
Ian Stoner has recently argued that we ought not to colonize Mars because doing so would flout our pro tanto obligation not to violate the principle of scientific conservation, and there is no countervailing considerations that render our violation of the principle permissible. While I remain agnostic on, my primary goal in this article is to challenge : there are countervailing considerations that render our violation of the principle permissible. As such, Stoner has failed to establish that we ought not (...) to colonize Mars. I close with some thoughts on what it would take to show that we do have an obligation to colonize Mars and related issues concerning the relationship between the way we discount our preferences over time and projects with long time horizons, like space colonization. (shrink)
Natural goodness and natural evil.Joseph Millum - 2006 - Ratio 19 (2):199–213.details
In Natural Goodness Philippa Foot gives an analysis of the concepts we use to describe the characteristics of living things. She suggests that we describe them in functional terms, and this allows us to judge organisms as good or defective depending on how well they perform their distinctive functions. Foot claims that we can judge intentional human actions in the same way: the virtues contribute in obvious ways to good human functioning, and this provides us with grounds for making moral (...) judgements. This paper criticises Foot's argument by challenging her notion of function. I argue that the type of judgement she makes about living things requires an evolutionary biological account of function. However, such an account would render her meta-ethical claims implausible, since it is unlikely that human beings are adapted to be maximally virtuous. I conclude that Foot is wrong about the logical structure of our judgements of human action. (shrink)
Heil's Two-Category Ontology and Causation.Joseph A. Baltimore - 2015 - Erkenntnis 80 (5):1091-1099.details
In his recent book, The Universe As We Find It, John Heil offers an updated account of his two-category ontology. One of his major goals is to avoid including relations in his basic ontology. While there can still be true claims positing relations, such as those of the form "x is taller than y" and "x causes y," they will be true in virtue of substances and their monadic, non-relational properties. That is, Heil's two-category ontology is deployed to provide non-relational (...) truthmakers for relational truths. This paper challenges the success of Heil's project with respect to causation. The arguments here are not entirely negative, however. An option is made available to Heil's ontology so that it might, at least to some extent, regain non-relational causings. (shrink)
How Many Accounts of Act Individuation Are There?Joseph Ulatowski - 2008 - Dissertation, University of Utahdetails
The problem of act individuation is a debate about the identity conditions of human acts. The fundamental question about act individuation is: how do we distinguish between actions? Three views of act individuation have dominated the literature. First, Donald Davidson and G.E.M. Anscombe have argued that a number of different descriptions refer to a single act. Second, Alvin Goldman and Jaegwon Kim have argued that each description designates a distinct act. Finally, Irving Thalberg and Judith Jarvis Thomson have averred that (...) some acts are sequences of causally related events, which include both a primitive bodily action and some of its effects. All of these accounts have assumed that a simple invariantist account of act individuation captures how ordinary people distinguish between acts. For my dissertation, I devised an experiment to test the action theorists' assumptions. My data show that people's intuitions seem to depend on the valence of the consequences of the action under consideration. So, an invariantist account is not possible. In light of the empirical results, I argue that if we seek a folk account of act individuation, then that account should be able to explain the variability that seems to be present in people's intuitions about different cases. (shrink)
Procrastination and the extended will.Joseph Heath & Joel Anderson - 2010 - In Chrisoula Andreou & Mark D. White (eds.), The Thief of Time. Oxford University Press. pp. 233--253.details
What experimental game theorists may have demonstrated is not that people are systematically irrational but that human rationality is heavily scaffolded. Remove the scaffolding, and we do not do very well. People are able to get on because they "offload" an enormous amount of practical reasoning onto their environment. As a result, when they are put in novel or unfamiliar environments, they perform very poorly, even on apparently simple tasks. -/- This observation is supported by recent empirically informed shifts in (...) philosophy of mind toward a view of cognition as (to cite the current slogan) "embodied, embedded, enactive, extended." Andy Clark and others have made a very plausible case for the idea that a proper assessment of human cognitive competence must include environmental components. To limit our attention to what lies within the skin-skull boundary is, in effect, to miss the big story on human rationality. Insofar as we are rational, it is often because of our ingenuity at developing "work-arounds" to the glitches in the fast-and-frugal heuristic problem-solving capabilities that natural selection has equipped us with. And these work-arounds often involve a detour through the environment (so-called offloading of cognitive burdens). -/- When it comes to practical rationality, things are no different. Yet in many discussions of "the will," there is still a tendency to put too much emphasis on what goes on inside the agent's head. Our objective in this chapter is to articulate this conception of "the extended will" more clearly, using the strategies that people employ to overcome procrastination for the central set of examples. Procrastination, in our view, constitutes a particular type of self-control problem, one that is particularly amenable to philosophical reflection, not only because of the high volume of psychological research on the subject but also because of the large quantity of "self-help" literature in circulationa literature that provides an invaluable perspective on the everyday strategies that people use in order to defeat (or, better yet, circumvent) this type of self-defeating behavior pattern. In general, what we find is that the internalist bias that permeates discussions of the will gives rise to a set of practical recommendations that overemphasize changing the way one thinks about a task, while ignoring the much richer set of strategies that are available in the realm of environmental scaffolding. In the concluding section, we highlight some of the policy implications of this, particularly regarding social trends involving the dismantling of support structures. (shrink)
Joseph Weiss, "The Dialectics of Music: Adorno, Benjamin, and Deleuze.".Kai Yin Lo - 2022 - Philosophy in Review 42 (3):31-33.details
The modal status of materialism.Joseph Levine & Kelly Trogdon - 2009 - Philosophical Studies 145 (3):351 - 362.details
Argument that Lewis and others are wrong that physicalism is if true then contingently true.


text:
Osborn's legacy as mentor continues with NAAA scholarship
Ken Osborn (center in black pullover) during a Dec. 20 ceremony at ADESA Dallas to commemorate the Ken Osborn Auction Education Scholarship. Photo courtesy of ADESA.
Wednesday, Jan. 03, 2018, 05:09 PM
Editor's note: This story was originally published on Jan. 3. Ken Osborn passed away the following week. AuSM sends its condolences to his family and ADESA team. An updated version of the story is below.
The night that Ken Osborn earned his bachelor's degree in the early 1980s, he saw his mentor Richard Dupriest at the same restaurant where he was dining.
"And I went over to the table where his family was and shook his hand and said, 'You know, Richard, I owe you and I appreciate what you've done for me,'" said Osborn, the late general manager of ADESA Dallas. "'What can I do to repay you?' And Richard looked at me and said, 'You've got to pass it on. Now that's your job.'"
Passing it on, paying forward the fruits of mentorship, is what Osborn had been devoted to these past 35- years.
And now that legacy is about to increase tenfold.
The National Auto Auction Association has honored the longtime ADESA leader by naming the Ken Osborn Auction Education Scholarship in his honor.
"That's absolutely perfect for him," said XLerate Group chief operating officer Pat Stevens.
That was a pretty common sentiment around the industry when folks talked with AuSM in December about Osborn's impact on the auction business.
Bill Roberts, a former general manager at ADESA and now retired, said Osborn's nature was to counsel employees in a way that wasn't brow-beating, but rather supportive.
His door was always open, Roberts said.
As such, an education scholarship is a fitting tribute to a career built on mentoring others and empowerment through knowledge.
The scholarship is one of the 12 initially set up in 2008 as part of the NAAA Warren Young Scholastic Foundation.
Black Book had purchased the naming rights to two of those scholarships. When the idea of renaming it in Osborn's honor came up last year, NAAA planned to rename one of Black Book's if that company was willing — and it was, said NAAA chief executive Frank Hackett.
"When we approached Black Book and asked them if they would consider renaming that scholarship, they didn't hesitate," Hackett said. "They are a first-class company when it comes to doing the right thing and respecting what other people are trying to do to make somebody's life better."
So, on Dec. 20 in Dallas, a ceremony was held to award Osborn the plaque and commemorate the occasion.
"I've seen him in action whether he's been an auctioneer on the block at his auction or even mentoring other people in the association," Hackett said in an interview prior to the ceremony.
"I didn't have the fortune of serving as the executive when he was president, but from everything I've gathered from the staff that were around when he was president, he was a great NAAA president and a true leader in terms of the direction for the association," Hackett said.
"I've never met anyone who's had anything negative to say about Kenny Osborn. He's just a class act and somebody that I've come to admire and respect over the years."
And, as it turns out, quite the educator. Or better yet, even a head coach — the kind that incubates talent on the staff that goes on to successful skipper gigs themselves.
"He's mentored many, many people in the industry. We used to always say that the Dallas location really was a place that a lot of men and women learned the business there under Kenny, and then went on to bigger and better things in the industry," said Tom Caruso, who is the chief client officer for ADESA's parent, KAR Auction Services.
Caruso was previously the president and CEO of ADESA, following his tenure in several leadership positions within ADESA. Some of those were parallel to Osborn's, including the time they spent respectively running the east and west operations of ADESA.
"Many of the men and women who worked in Dallas have gone on to be regional vice presidents, general managers at other locations," Caruso said. "They've always talked about Kenny's work ethic and just the way he ran the business."
One of those people is Stevens, the XLerate COO. Interestingly enough, when Stevens was GM of ADESA Dallas, Osborn was his boss and "took me under his wing," Stevens said.
When Osborn later returned to lead that auction, Stevens was his boss.
"I was his regional (manager) and he was still teaching me things," Stevens said.
And now in his role leading XLerate's operations, Stevens still has some takeaways from his days working with Osborn.
For example, the importance of developing employees, looking for the next candidate to step up to the plate and fostering a strong bench.
Or, the importance of having employees educated about the operational and financial side of the business, and awareness of economic and international trends outside of the auction business.
Stevens remembers GMs working for Osborn having to subscribe to the Wall Street Journal and Harvard Business Review, and attend financial statement classes once a month.
Osborn was also a stickler for the importance of college.
"If you do interview people who have worked for me over the years, they'll all tell you that I grind on them to go to college. It's a funny thing; it's an idiosyncrasy with me, but if you're a general manager that worked with me when you were in my region, I made you read the Wall Street Journal every single day," Osborn said.
"And these guys still walk up to me and say, 'Hey, I still read the Wall Street Journal every single day.' Because if you're a business student more or less — which a general manager should be — what's the No. 1 focal tool, bibliography of business that you can get your hands on every day? The Wall Street Journal."
Going back to Osborn's point about college, that emphasis may have stemmed from his own mentor and former boss and eventual business partner in forming Tri-State Auto Auction and Albuquerque Auto Auction.
When he was hired by Dupriest (initially on the retail side of the car business), Osborn was given an ultimatum. Go to college. If you flunk out, you're fired.
"And I believed him," Osborn said. "He helped me go to school early, he helped me go to school late at night. It took me seven years to get a four-year degree because I never actually went to school during the day."
Osborn remembered being in an accounting class and struggling with financial statements. Dupriest had him sit down with the controller and learn how to read statements.
"Everything I needed an example of, Richard made it into real-world," Osborn said. "So I tried to do the same thing."
For example, the statement classes he ran with his managers.
"You had to understand, it's one thing to sell a lot of cars; it's another thing to make a lot of money," Osborn said. "And that was the way we ran the business."
As important as the financials are, so is the holistic nature of education. For instance, you need the communication skills from English class in business, too.
That's why Osborn gave employees books to read and quiz them on it.
That extends to social sciences, as well.
"If you're not good at psychology and sociology, how are you going to manage 400 people?" Osborn said.
So now, Osborn's name is cemented with a foundation that will help folks gain the education he so strongly emphasized in his business.
A perfect fit, indeed, as NAAA continues to make education scholarships a priority.
"I just think that's just the right thing to do. I think it's important to help our members who have family members that are going to college and are looking for assistance financially as college becomes more expensive," Hackett said.
The NAAA CEO estimates that more than 150 scholarships have been awarded since the foundation was started.
Appropriately enough, when Osborn was NAAA president in 2001, his theme was "education."
And so, too, will be his legacy.
Lane watch: Car values cool as summertime warms

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Why Won't God Send You a Husband?
Trust your gut and your heart, and know for sure. Potential when you pray, read the Bible, or attend a worship event, good. Kruse Over the years I have watched many single women playing what amounts to nothing more than Russian Roulette on the internet and in society desperately looking for a husband. The Handwriting of the Law on Mt Sinai — 10 Commandments — Ex. Paul wrote in Romans 14:17 For the kingdom of God is.
But it's so hard and I'm 27 and just every relationship went wrong. It is not surprising how commitment has flown out the window--these guys can have their cake and eat it too. I hate making my life centered around this but its always on my mind. If there is a god it is surely divorced from the minutia of our daily existences. For so long, I struggled with having a truly enjoyable and intimate relationship with Jesus.
He will respect my wishes to be celibate. I'm trying to connect with God, but it's difficult. It's been a crazy couple of months for me. The only sin is living backwards, stagnating, never growing or questioning or seeking. Jesus said to them in response Not all men can accept this statement, but only those to whom it has been given Matt 19:11.
First, ask God if your desires are His too. Well i know that i am on a woman's topic here, but there are many of us very good innocent men looking for a good woman to settle down with as well. When God Sends You Help, Don't Ask Questions She hurried to the pharmacy to get medication, got back to her car and found that she had locked her keys inside. I am beginning to feel like my prayers for my future husband aren't working and what is the point of praying if God isn't listening to me and never going to answer my prayers. I was sure he was the one God sent to me.
Therefore, Jesus in Matthew 16:24-26 asks you to yield your soul life to Him, meaning give up your right to pursue the soul life you want to have, the mate you want to have, and allow Him to give you the soul life He wants you to have and the mate He wants you to have in His time. I have decided to leave this one up to God. I do want my husband iam tired if being alone. I recently met someone who wants to get to know me and he was very open about his issues on our first conversation. Previously, she had been asking and praying to God to bring a man into the lives of her and her children. Share my blog with your friends.
If you want to go on a date, date yourself and get to know the real you. I have been so discouraged as of late, since being saved almost 1 year ago i have not even been approached by any men. If you are doing all the hunting, you've taken away what God created him to do. I guess honestly maybe I experience doubt because there's no way God would allow someone who is for me to just walk out a couple of times before and then when I'm positive now and full of God's life to try to come back in and have me make the mistake of just letting him go this time around, right? If God is in your life, then your marriage should also have a spiritual dimension to it. It can break your heart, and worse, it can ruin your life, your future and even the people who are relying on you. Having the wrong partner in your relationship is not something to be taken lightly.
The Answer to this question is given in Psalm 37:4 and Matthew 6:33. God is good and an expert matchmaker? For a 38-year old who's been through a divorce, I figure waiting for the God sent husband is the only way. God loves you and He wants your maximum happiness. Whoever and wherever he is, start praying for him now. I teach people to live life to the fullest, be happy and complete whether you are married or not- make lemonade out of lemons.
I just got out of prison yesterday; I was in prison for car theft. Please, can you use this hanger to unlock my car? Stay in touch and thanks for stopping by. It does not matter that the prophets were not heeded, the principle is there and that is, before we will drift into a sin or a wrong lifestyle, God will send someone across our path to warn us. Share the hubs with your friends. Stretch my faith in the midst of the wait, just as You did with Your disciples when encountering a storm at sea. They satisfied their desire, but in time find it is not fulfilling and find themselves empty and their lives without meaning. Sincerely in Jesus, Pastor Evangelist.
That's when you take some religious thoughts or even Bible verses and manipulate them into promoting what you just have to have at this very moment. Shortly afterwards he asked me out, I usually prefer to take things slowly and wanted it to take more time. Pray that God will make him what he needs to be for you and to make you what he needs as a help mate. He did lead on this, and I was having trouble with this, because i'm very independent, and had issues with controlling men. If there isn't that grateful feeling, that I won the lottery feeling, you need to get honest with yourself. I particularly don't feel as if any man would want to marry someone who could possibly spread this to them.


WIKILEAKS has made several announcements over the past three months that indicate it will be the Fifth Estate that finally takes down the hopelessly corrupt Clinton Campaign.
Julian Assange has made it clear that the current Wikileaks cache of hacked emails is so radioactive that they essentially constitute the neutron bomb that will take down the entire Obama Administration. A neutron bomb does just that—it takes out all life leaving the buildings perfectly intact.
In the present case of the Wikileaks secret weapon, "Phase Three Of Its Election Coverage" promises to complete the job before November 8th.
It's a funny thing the story surrounding Julian Assange. The UK, US and Sweden have kept him locked up in the Ecuadorean Embassy for over 4 longs years under threat of a patently false and purely political prosecution. In the meantime Assange has succeeded in taking down the once 'invincible ' Hillary H. Clinton. No, she's not out of the race just yet, but she will be VERY soon.
Because the Obama Administration, the British Government and Sweden were so intent on delivering Assange to an American kangaroo court, they permitted him to focus his energies on the greatest download of documented evidence of government corruption in modern history.
What a stellar achievement this has been for the U.S. FEDs. In their zeal to lock up a real whistleblower, they have empowered him to singlehandedly take down the whole U.S. Federal Government. While it is still standing, it won't be for long. Obama & Company are to receive their comeuppance very soon indeed!
The preceding link contains enough hard evidence that it is probably equivalent of 1000 Watergates. Most people do not really get how serious this categorical Wikileaks evidence really is. These are emails written by the very perpetrators themselves. And Clinton Campaign Director John Podesta is at the very center of the whole criminal enterprise … right along with career criminal Hillary Rodham Clinton and her partner-in-crime Barack Obama.
Paul Combetta was hired to modify the email headers that referred to a VERY VERY VIP individual, i.e. change the name of who it was from. If you read Stonetear/Combetta story, it's easy to see this is exactly what he was attempting. He wanted to change header information on already sent mail to show "state.gov" instead of Hillary's private email address. Multiple people informed him of the infeasibility (and illegality) of it, so somewhere in the next 6 days it was decided that simply eradicating them was the only option left.
For the uninitiated this breakdown essentially says that President Barack Obama is stone-cold guilty of crimes and cover-ups that would make Watergate look like a walk in the park.
For the unbelievers, what follows is another little bombshell from the Wikileaks treasure trove regarding Hillary Clinton's official misconduct while Secretary of State. The following Wikileaks item ranked number 3 on the "Top 100 List".
If these revelations don't completely terminate Hillary Clinton's candidacy, certainly four straight years of Congressional Emailgate hearings will, should she outright steal the election from Donald Trump on November 8th, or shortly thereafter.
Truly, if the "Top 100 Wikileaks" do not bring down the entire Obama Administration, nothing will. For those who still doubt the sheer incriminating power of the Wikileaks emails, rest assured that the coming phases of releases will put the final nail in the HRC political coffin … maybe even today on what may be a very momentous Halloween.
And a very HAPPY HALLOWEINER to all!
HOW CAN HRC CONTINUE TO RUN UNDER THE VERY REAL THREAT OF CRIMINAL PROSECUTION?!


Exit at Kellogg Drive. Stay in the left lane, and when you come to the stop sign, the large electronic marquee that welcomes visitors to campus will be on your right. Follow Kellogg Drive as it winds around the campus. At the second stop light, turn right on Campus Drive. At the next stop light, turn right on Temple Avenue and move to the left lane. Take a left at the next light (University Drive). Follow University Drive as it winds around past the Farm Store to the top of the hill. Parking for the Center is located on your left at the top of the hill. Then proceed on foot down the roadway into the Center. The main office is located straight ahead.
Take the 57 freeway North, exit at Temple Avenue and turn left (down the hill). Turn left on University Drive. Follow University Drive as it winds around past the Farm Store to the top of the hill. Parking for the Center is located on your left at the top of the hill. Then proceed on foot down the roadway into the Center. The main office is located straight ahead.
Invited guests of the Center can pick up a complimentary parking pass in the Center's main office. All other visitors must purchase the daily parking permit at the Visitor Parking Booth on Kellogg Drive. See map for location of parking booth.


Situated in Huehuetenango, Hotel Ruinas Resort has a casino and a fitness centre. Among the various facilities are a garden, a terrace, as well as a bar. Free WiFi is available and in-house parking is provided.
At the hotel, all rooms are fitted with a desk, a flat-screen TV and a private bathroom. Selected rooms are fitted with a kitchen with a microwave. All guest rooms feature a wardrobe.
Guests at Hotel Ruinas Resort can enjoy a continental breakfast. The restaurant at the accommodation specialises in Italian and international cuisine.
Hotel Ruinas Resort offers an outdoor pool.


When compared to traditional braces, Invisalign Invisible Braces is a relatively new technology. But, did you know that Dr. Gelfand and his team have been providing Invisalign for over 15 years! During that time, he has helped 1000's of people get their own beautiful, confident smile.
Even though Dawson Dental has been providing this service for a long time, we know there are still a lot of misconceptions surrounding this type of treatment. Today, we have broken down five of the most common myths about Invisalign.
Myth 1: Invisalign isn't as effective as traditional metal braces.
The clear aligners that you receive during Invisalign treatment may appear to be more "flimsy" and therefore may not seem as sturdy as the metal brackets of traditional braces, but don't be fooled! Although Invisalign works differently, it is no less effective!
Myth 2: Invisalign is more expensive than traditional metal braces.
Just like traditional mental braces, deciding to proceed with Invisalign is an investment in your health. The cost for Invisalign and for traditional metal braces is approximately the same. At Dawson Dental, the average price of Invisalign treatment is $3,990, however, we are able to make it affordable through our 0% financing and easy monthly payments.
Myth 3: My insurance company won't cover Invisalign.
This is perhaps the biggest misconception of them all. Too often people believe that Invisalign is only for cosmetic purposes, and therefore think their Insurance Company won't cover the treatment. Take the time to check your plan – since Invisalign is just as effective as traditional braces in correcting all kinds of dental problems, many insurance companies cover it. In fact, if your insurance plan covers traditional metal braces, they will almost always cover Invisalign too.
If you are still not sure, talk to one of our friendly team members and they will help you to figure it out!
The exciting fact is that Invisalign works for all ages! Many adults choose Invisalign to straighten their teeth so they can maintain a more professional image. Alternately, Invisalign has a specialized approach just for teens, so appearance conscious teenagers are well taken care of, also.
Myth 5: Invisalign requires too much maintenance.
While treatment varies from case to case, patients often only have to come into the office approximately every 4-6 weeks once treatment is underway. Although all cases are different, the average number of aligners worn during treatment (aligners last approximately 2 weeks each) is between 18-30.
Can you tell that we're big fans of Invisalign at Dawson Dental? For more information, book your FREE consultation today!
Dawson Dental Centres are knowledgeable, caring Downtown Toronto dentists in 20 locations across Ontario including Cambridge, Hanover, Waterloo and more. We offer General & Cosmetic Dentistry services such as dental implants, Invisalign invisible braces and dental veneers. New patients are warmly welcome!


Senior Care in South Pasadena FL: As the number of Americans over the age of 65 increases, the demand of caring for parents often falls to the younger family members.
Senior Care in South Pasadena FL: For your elderly parent, there are many ways they can give special gifts to friends and loved ones, but one of the most meaningful can be sharing their family recipes.
Senior Care in South Pasadena FL: Approximately 6 percent of all deaths throughout the United States are sepsis-related, and 22 percent of those deaths include sepsis as a listed underlying cause.


text:
English | [中文](https://github.com/coderplanets/coderplanets_web/blob/docs/docs/README.zh-CN.md)

## Table of Contents

- [Architecture](architecture)
  - [intro](architecture/intro.md)
  - [convention](architecture/convention.md)
- [General](general)
  - [Generator](general/generator.md)
  - [SEO](general/seo.md)
  - [Cache](general/cache.md)
  - [debugging](general/debugging.md)
  - [Deployment](general/deployment.md)
  - [Develop](general/develop.md)
  - [PWA](general/pwa.md)
- [Styling](styling/intro.md)
  - [Intro](styling/intro.md)
  - [Styled-Component](styling/styled-component.md)
  - [Theme](styling/theming.md)
- [JS](js)
  - [Intro](js/intro.md)
  - [GraphQL](js/GrqphQL.md)
  - [State Management](js/state-management.md)
  - [Auth](js/auth.md)
  - [Async](js/async.md)
  - [I18n](js/i18n.md)
  - [Routing](js/routing.md)
- [Testing](testing)
  - [Unit Testing](testing/unit-testing.md)
  - [E2E Testing](testing/e2e-testing.md)
- [Analysis](analysis)
  - [Apollo Engine](analysis/apollo-engine.md)
  - [Error Tracking](analysis/error-tracking.md)
  - [Google Analysis](analysis/google-analysis.md)
- [Roadmap](Roadmap.md)
- [FAQ](FAQ.md)
- [Contributing](Contributing.md)
- [Troubleshooting](Troubleshooting.md)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Get the deal that you deserve at Dutch's!!! Dutch's Chevrolet Used Car, Truck, SUV And Van Super center stocks the vehicles Mt Sterling, Lexington, Paris, Winchester, Frankfort & Nicholasville Kentucky shoppers prefer like this 2018 Chevrolet Express Passenger LT stock # 262065.
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text:
Q: Find capacitance such that voltage and current are in phase I just cannot solve this exercice, any help?

This is what I have tried:

A: Hint 1: Is \$\omega\$ given in the problem statement? If not, you can't answer the question. (At least, you can't get a numerical answer like "400 uF")
Hint 2: Consider what must be true about the load impedance for the supply voltage and current to be in phase.

A: This is a homework problem so complete answers cannot be given unless the OP shows some work. Since you haven't shown anything, the best I can do is to give you a hint. If the voltage across and the current through a load are in phase, what does that say about the nature of the load: resistive, capacitive and/or inductive? Knowing that, find the impedance of the load in terms of C (the resistance and inductance are given). Now find what value of C will result in such a load.

A: Well, notice that we want to find:
$$\arg\left(\underline{\text{V}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)=\arg\left(\underline{\text{I}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)\space\Longleftrightarrow\space\text{C}=\dots\tag1$$
We know that we can write:
$$\underline{\text{V}}_{\space\text{i}}=\underline{\text{I}}_{\space\text{i}}\cdot\underline{\text{Z}}_{\space\text{i}}\tag2$$
So, we can see that:
$$\arg\left(\underline{\text{I}}_{\space\text{i}}\cdot\underline{\text{Z}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)=\arg\left(\underline{\text{I}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)\tag3$$
Using \$\arg\$ rules we know that we can write:
$$\arg\left(\underline{\text{I}}_{\space\text{i}}\cdot\underline{\text{Z}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)=\arg\left(\underline{\text{I}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)+\arg\left(\underline{\text{Z}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)\tag4$$
So, we can rewrite \$(3)\$:
$$\arg\left(\underline{\text{I}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)+\arg\left(\underline{\text{Z}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)=\arg\left(\underline{\text{I}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)\space\Longleftrightarrow\space\arg\left(\underline{\text{Z}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)=0\tag5$$
We can now conclude that when the argument of the input impedance must be zero the imaginary of the input impedance must be zero. Using equations, we can write:
$$\Im\left(\underline{\text{Z}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)=0\tag6$$
We can see that:
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
\underline{\text{Z}}_{\space\text{i}}&=\left(\frac{1}{\text{R}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\text{j}\omega\text{C}}}+\frac{1}{\text{j}\omega\text{L}}\right)^{-1}\\
\\
&=\left(\frac{1}{\text{R}}+\text{j}\omega\text{C}+\frac{1}{\text{j}\omega\text{L}}\right)^{-1}\\
\\
&=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{\text{R}}+\text{j}\omega\text{C}+\frac{1}{\text{j}\omega\text{L}}}\\
\\
&=\frac{\text{R}}{\frac{\text{R}}{\text{R}}+\text{j}\omega\text{CR}+\frac{\text{R}}{\text{j}\omega\text{L}}}\\
\\
&=\frac{\text{j}\omega\text{LR}}{\text{j}\omega\text{L}+\text{j}\omega\text{L}\text{j}\omega\text{CR}+\frac{\text{j}\omega\text{LR}}{\text{j}\omega\text{L}}}\\
\\
&=\frac{\text{j}\omega\text{LR}}{\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}+\text{j}\omega\text{L}}\\
\\
&=\frac{\text{j}\omega\text{LR}}{\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}+\text{j}\omega\text{L}}\cdot\frac{\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}-\text{j}\omega\text{L}}{\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}-\text{j}\omega\text{L}}\\
\\
&=\frac{\text{j}\omega\text{LR}\left(\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}-\text{j}\omega\text{L}\right)}{\left(\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}\right)^2+\left(\omega\text{L}\right)^2}\\
\\
&=\frac{\left(\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}\right)\text{j}\omega\text{LR}-\text{j}\omega\text{L}\text{j}\omega\text{LR}}{\left(\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}\right)^2+\left(\omega\text{L}\right)^2}\\
\\
&=\frac{\left(\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}\right)\text{j}\omega\text{LR}+\omega^2\text{L}^2\text{R}}{\left(\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}\right)^2+\left(\omega\text{L}\right)^2}
\end{split}\tag7
\end{equation}
So, we can see:
$$\Im\left(\underline{\text{Z}}_{\space\text{i}}\right)=\frac{\left(\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}\right)\omega\text{LR}}{\left(\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}\right)^2+\left(\omega\text{L}\right)^2}=0\space\Longleftrightarrow\space\left(\text{R}-\omega^2\text{CLR}\right)\omega\text{LR}=0\tag8$$
Which implies:
$$\text{C}=\frac{\text{R}}{\omega^2\text{LR}}=\frac{1}{\omega^2\text{L}}\tag9$$

A: In order for the current and voltage to be in phase $$\omega^{2}  = \frac{1}{{LC}} $$
because you have a parallel RLC circuit and the frequency at which the inductive reactance  = capacitive reactance is the resonant frequency

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Beauty Inc
Behind HydraFacial's $1 Billion Valuation
HydraFacial has released sales figures and they are higher than expected.
By Allison Collins Plus Icon
Allison Collins
Beauty Editor, Finance
Recent Articles by Allison Collins
All the Beauty M&A Deals of 2022
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February 22, 2021, 8:00am
HydraFacial courtesy of HydraFacial
The HydraFacial Co. has publicly released sales figures, ahead of the company's planned debut on the public markets.
HydraFacial makes a device that aestheticians can use to cleanse, exfoliate and hydrate clients' skin. The procedure is best known for sucking gunk out of pores, which clients can then examine afterward, if they choose.
In December, HydraFacial signed a $1.1 billion deal with Vesper Healthcare, a special purpose acquisition company cofounded by former Allergan chief executive officer Brent Saunders. That deal is set to close in the first half of this year, and would result in HydraFacial trading on the Nasdaq.
Ahead of that, HydraFacial released updated sales figures — the company said it expects net sales of $119 million for 2020, higher than the previously estimated $115 million. Those figures are down from the prior year, said chief financial officer Liyuan Woo in an interview, and the company is operating at less than 70 percent capacity.
The company has been operating at "reduced capacity" during the coronavirus pandemic, said HydraFacial CEO Clint Carnell, but has still seen "the Zoom effect" cause an increased focus on personal care.
"The attention around personal care service is stronger than it was pre-pandemic. So despite…a third of our market being shut down, despite the market that's open being at a reduced capacity we were still able to post some impressive results," he said.
In a standard year, HydraFacial normally sells between 3,000 and 4,000 new devices, which it calls delivery systems, and each generally produces between $5,000 to $6,000 in recurring revenue, Carnell said. For 2020, the company sold more than 2,000. Right now, HydraFacial is available in 87 countries with more than 15,000 delivery systems.
Over the past several years, HydraFacial has picked up popularity. Carnell credits that to a few factors, including a 2017 rebrand that positioned HydraFacial as "three steps, 30 minutes, the best skin of your life."
"You look good immediately, and we show you the proof — the gunky — all for $150 to $200, is really powerful," he said. HydraFacial also has a partnership with Sephora.
HydraFacial has developed close relationships with the esthetician community, who bring in around 40 percent of new customers. The company has experienced strong word-of-mouth buzz as well, which also accounts for 40 percent of new customers, Carnell said.
More recently, the company has started to ink brand partnerships, including with Clinique and Murad, where brand-created serums are used during the HydraFacial process. "We want to democratize [skin care] — make sure you have good skin care, and then personalize it based on what you need for your skin concerns of what you're looking to do for your own health," Carnell said.
For more from WWD.com, see:
Paula's Choice Launches With Sephora
Here's Where Beauty Stands in Its Progress Toward Racial Equity
WellBiz Brands Acquires Drybar Salon Rights
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Edward, Lord Thurlow (1809) by James Godby via Harvard Library.
The political career of Edward Thurlow (1731–1806), 1st Baron Thurlow, the Lord Chancellor, lasted 30 years but came to an abrupt end when his eldest and favourite daughter, Caroline, a gifted musician, eloped with Samuel Brown, on 26 April 1792, which provoked a breakdown in his mental health.
It is said, that one of the Miss Thurlow's eloped, from her father's house, on Wednesday morning, for Gretna Greeen, with a military gentleman.
Hampshire Chronicle, Monday 13 February 1792.
Caroline escaped with Samuel Brown, a clerk at the Customs House, while she and her sister Catharine were staying with Thurlow's friend Mr Hey at Coxheath in Kent. Hey had suspected that Caroline had feelings for Brown and had warned Thurlow of it. Thurlow spoke to his daughter but his words had no effect.
Caroline's music teacher, Richard Stevens, learnt of Caroline's flight and the events that preceded it from Thurlow's coachman while he was waiting at Lambeth turnpike.
Lord Thurlow's Coachman (from Dulwich) came thro' the Gate on Horseback; on seeing me, he said, "He has got her Sir! He has got her!" I could not understand this strange salutation: however, we retired some little way from the turnpike, when he told me the whole affair; and amongst other particulars the following curious circumstances. Mr. Browne, in order to work upon Miss Thurlow's feelings, had suffered his beard to grow to an intolerable length, and had actually neglected himself till he was a horrid spectacle. By these appearances, Miss Thurlow fancying that he was in the utmost despair, and dreadfully ill, had been prevailed upon to walk a little way with him; (as I believe) without any suspicion of what was to follow; but when they were at a distance from Mr. Hey's house, he put her into a Post Chaise and four, which was waiting, and took her away to London; from whence they immediately set off for Scotland.
He was most dreadfully agitated and depressed, in consequence of this unpleasant and vexatious question, upon which a debate was expected, and actually took place; and the [Lord] Chancellor was obliged to sit as Speaker of the House of Lords, as the notice was too short for him to provide a Substitute. Mr. Baldwin, the Deputy Clerk of the Crown, was attending in his place, in the house of Peers this very day, and was astonished to see the tears trickle down the Chancellor's face, all the tme that he sat on the Woolsack; and, wondered what could be the cause! The Chancellor's band and front of his robes were wet with tears which he could not restrain even in that public situation.
On their return to London the couple were married again at St Martin in the Fields church.
St Martin in the Fields Church, by Thomas Malton the Younger (1748–1804). Courtesy of Yale Center for British Art, Paul Mellon Collection.
At first Thurlow clung to the idea that Caroline had been pressurised into the elopement.He sent an attorney, Mr. Lowton, to ask her about the circumstances of her flight. Brown and his sister Eleanor (who had accompanied the couple to Scotland as chaperone) implored Caroline not to incriminate them. "I have been ordered Madam, by your father Lord Thurlow, and the Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench, Lord Kenyon, to call upon you and particularly to know from yourself whether your Elopement with Mr Brown was forced upon you, or whether it was with your perfect consent?" he said. After some hesitation Caroline replied, "If my father will permit me to see him, I will make a true declaration of all circumstances attending my elopement; but this, I hope to be excused doing, to Mr Lowton." Thurlow was never reconciled to Caroline's choice. According to Stevens, Samuel Brown was or had been a clerk in the Customs House, although newspaper reports stated accurately that he was in the military. Brown took a commission and served with Yorkshire Light Infantry and eventually rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel and assistant to the Duke of York.
When it clear that Caroline had eloped of her own free will, Thurlow removed Caroline's instruments from the family home and took down a portrait by George Romney of her and Catharine as children. He also declared that he would not speak to anyone who was in communication with her. Catharine agreed to this but Mary declared that "she never would give up the society of her dear Caroline, but with her life!" Her outburst, which left them both in tears, persuaded him to relent but he himself rejected her entirely.
At the same time, his political career imploded. A committed and ardent Tory and royalist (he is remembered for his epithet "When I forget my sovereign, may my God forget me") he finally fell out with William Pitt the Younger and was retired from office shortly after Caroline's flight. The turning point was his rudeness to the Whig Lord Grenville, whose elevation to the peerage he resented (he was also Pitt's cousin). Pitt and Grenville asked the king to choose between them and the Chancellor. Thurlow lost and it was arranged that Thurlow should retire on 15 June. The king created him Baron Thurlow of Thurlow, Suffolk.
Sometime elapsed before Mrs. Harvey's return with a message to this effect; "That if she would endeavour to compose herself, Lord Thurlow would consent to see her, tho' he feared the interview might prove his dissolution"!! When she heard this, she immediately ran up the stairs to him, kneeled down at his feet, and seized his hand, which she held very fast. In this situation, they both remained a great while; both trembling, and most dreadfully agitated; she said, "My dear, dear, Father, I have suffered ten years of the most dreadful Misery, in losing your dear Society and affection. I know my error, I know what I have lost, don't reproach me! but pray, pity and forgive me?" Still he could not speak to her, but sat trembling; his eyes still fixed on the ground, and his hand fast in hers, which he continually kept grasping. She waited a considerable time to hear his Lordship's reply; but still, he could not speak to her. Finding that she had recovered the use of her speech, in a small degree; she hazarded nearly the following words: "There was a time, my dear Father, when I should not have experienced this dreadful silence. Oh! think how terrible it must be to me now?" With the most violent effort on his part, he did articulate the following words, in the greatest agony! "Oh name it not! Name it not my child! for God Almighty's sake! name it not, if you mean to save my life!" The Agony, and horrible exertion, with this these words were uttered, made his Lordship so exceedingly ill, that he was obliged to leave the room. Hartshorn spirit, Brandy, and a variety of restoratives were brought by Bissy, and Mrs Harvey, in order to relieve him from fainting and the violence of his uncommon agitation. Tho' he had spoken to Mrs Brown, in his agonising and afflicted manner; yet he never looked at her during the whole time of her stay with him. After his Lordship had been some considerable time in his bedroom, he sent Bissy to stay to Mrs Brown, "that if she intended staying at the Cottage, he must go to London." Mrs Brown sent back a dutiful message to her father; then ordered her carriage, and returned to London. The next day, she wrote to him; and he immediately sent for her to Dulwich; and she resided with him there, and occasionally at Brighton, till the time of his death.
Caroline died in 1858 aged 86 (Samuel died three years earlier). They had a large number of children, possibly as many as ten.


The African Lion and Environmental Research Trust (ALERT) is a UK registered charity which works towards the conservation of wildlife, the protection and restoration of habitats, and the empowerment of local African communities. ALERT was founded in 2005 and is dedicated to a multi-disciplinary approach for the facilitation and promotion of sound conservation and management plans for the African lion and the ecosystems on which the species relies.
Through responsible development we aim to realise the species' potential to provide substantial social, cultural, ecological and economic benefits, that are distributed equitably amongst stakeholders to promote sustainable motivation in them for the protection of Africa's natural heritage.


The Department is divided into the Botanical Institute and Botanical Gardens (in German), the Institute of General Microbiology (in German), the Institute of Zoology and Zoological Museum (In German) and the Institute for Polar Ecology.
The Department of Biology Education (in German) is situated at the Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education (IPN).
Please refer to the department's website (in German) for further information.


text:
Q: Google Maps API stopped working in Wordpress Template So my Google Maps API WAS working and now it's not. Looking through the documentation on Google's Maps API I don't see that anything has changed. We're using the maps embedded in a Wordpress PHP Template and everything I've checked seems to be right. Has something changed?
Here's the initial code:
<section id="main">

<script type="text/javascript" src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key=AIzaSyBqnue6HpFD-HQvnk_cOKTQmqAzE6Xb9NQ"></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.americanraceronline.com/wp-content/uploads/dev/markerwithlabel.js"></script>

<script type="application/javascript" >
  var map;
  var infoWindow;
  function initialize() {
  var myLatLng = new google.maps.LatLng(40.6,-95.665);
  var myOptions = {
     center: myLatLng,
      scrollwheel: true,
   navigationControl: false,
   mapTypeControl: false,
   scaleControl: true,
   draggable: true,
    disableDefaultUI: true,
     mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.Whitewater,
                      styles:[/lots of styles here/]};
var poly;

map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map_canvas"),
myOptions);

var marker1 = new MarkerWithLabel({
   position: new google.maps.LatLng(40.27488643704891, -110.740234375),
   draggable: false,
   raiseOnDrag: false,
   map: map,
   labelContent: "WEST",
   labelAnchor: new google.maps.Point(22, 2),
   labelClass: "mylabels", // the CSS class for the label
   labelStyle: {opacity: 1.0},
    icon: {}
 });

The link to the page is: http://www.americanraceronline.com/distributors/
What am I missing?

A: In your browser console:

You have included the Google Maps API multiple times on this page. This may cause unexpected errors.main.js:60 yl

This does not need much explanation: you must be including the Google API repeated, check your includes to contain API reference only once.
Maybe file main.js, line:60 ??

A: For Google Maps mapOptions, zoom is required (see reference), e.g.
var myOptions = {
   center: myLatLng,
   scrollwheel: true,
   navigationControl: false,
   mapTypeControl: false,
   scaleControl: true,
   draggable: true,
   disableDefaultUI: true,
   zoom: 9,
   styles:[/lots of styles here/]
};

For example, I created a simple Fiddle of your code that did not work until zoom was provided.