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Tag Archives: Out of Left Field
Family stories have inspired a number of my novels. Readers of this blog know that my great-grandmother's elopement with a vaudeville musician led me to write The Life Fantastic. But my brother and I heard many other family stories, growing up.
A story written by one of my mom's ancestors, James Ohio Pattie, played an important role in my first novel, West Against the Wind. My mom's great-uncle Chuck Bray, hearing of my research into American pioneer history, sent me a copy of Pattie's book, The Personal Narrative of James Ohio Pattie: The Adventures of a Young Man in the Southwest and California in the 1830s (the University of California Libraries has made the book available online through archive.org).
Pattie and his father, Sylvester, were fur traders and explorers before the opening of the Oregon Trail and the later stampedes of the California Gold Rush. When James returned to Missouri, he described his travels in a wilderness that was completely unfamiliar to most white Americans. According to Pattie's account, he was the hero of every expedition, the savvy pathfinder when they were lost, the brave hunter who saved their party from a grizzly bear, and the keen-eyed miner who discovered a rich vein of copper in the mountains.
In spite of these obvious exaggerations, and my distaste over Pattie's racist treatment of native people, his detailed descriptions of the west—written before photography was available—helped me to recreate the actual settings, wildlife, and physical challenges my characters encountered on the journey.
I even gave Pattie a cameo role as the crusty but friendly trapper who appears in West Against the Wind. He shares sound advice about the perilous ferry crossing ahead and recognizes my narrator's resourcefulness as a trader.
(An amazing postscript to this story took place decades later. My husband and I were driving a scenic route from Tucson, Arizona to Mountainair, New Mexico, where our daughter-in-law was coring piňon pines for her doctoral research. We pulled over at a roadside attraction, and found ourselves on the precipice of a gargantuan copper mine. As I gaped at the size of the cratered landscape, John—who always reads historical markers—shouted: "Your ancestors were here!" I hurried over. To my astonishment, James Ohio Pattie and his father were memorialized on the sign, as the trappers who originally discovered the copper—just as Pattie had claimed. It's hard to describe the mix of emotions I felt: despair and shame over the egregious mistreatment of the Apache and other tribal groups in the area; heartbreak over the rape of the landscape—combined with the stunned realization that my ancestor's dramatic tale may have held more truth than I realized.)
To return to my mom's family: by the time she was nineteen, my mom had lost her adored father and all four grandparents. But Mom brought our grandfather to life through stories focused on his sense of humor. She told us how he teased Weezie, our grandmother, by putting coat buttons in the collection plate at church, and how the neighbors loved his homemade bathtub gin.
We spent most summers with Weezie at her Vermont home. Though she insisted on high standards for us, she was famous for dancing on tables at parties during the Roaring Twenties. We even had a picture of her, dancing the Charleston in her flapper dress, with wineglasses at her feet. That photo, along with Weezie's second marriage to my Grandpa Gil—which took place during a hurricane in Vermont—inspired my middle grade novel, Dancing on the Table.
On my dad's side, I was lucky to know my grandfather, George Ketchum, for many years. He loved history in general, and also enjoyed sharing family history. He captivated us with stories about his peripatetic, hardscrabble upbringing. He told us that he was working as a court stenographer when he was "barely out of short pants". A fine writer, he recounted his early years in an inspiring, personal memoir, "So When They Ask Me." Though I haven't drawn on Grandpa's life directly, young characters in my stories often have jobs, such as selling newspapers (Amelia in Newsgirl), helping with sheep shearing (Gabriel in The Ghost of Lost Island) or working in a pizza parlor (Brandon in Out of Left Field).
My grandfather's eccentric brother, Carlton, delegated himself the family historian. I treasure his cramped, handwritten letters, sharing details of our Randolph, Vermont ancestors. When Uncle Carlton learned I was writing historical fiction, he insisted that I had to tell the story of our Griswold ancestors: Joseph, a farmer, and his Pequot wife Margery, a midwife and healer. They settled in Randolph at the time of the American Revolution. Carlton sent me an article about this couple, as well as newspaper clippings about their life together. Those letters and articles sat in my "Idea File" for twenty years, until the Mashantucket Pequot Museum opened and I decided I could fictionalize their story. Where the Great Hawk Flies was the result. I'm only sorry that Uncle Carlton didn't live to read the story that his demands inspired.
I'm lucky that I could draw on rich family resources for my fiction. Now I think about the stories I've passed on to my own children and grandchildren. Which ones will they remember? And why?
Liza Ketchum
Author: Liza KetchumTags: Dancing on the Table, family history, historical fiction, Liza Ketchum, Newsgirl, Out of Left Field, The Ghost of Lost Island, The Life Fantstic, The Personal Narrative of James O. Pattie, West Against the Wind, Where the Great Hawk Flies
Why Baseball?
October 13, 1960. Game 7 of the World Series: Pittsburgh Pirates vs. New York Yankees. I left school on a run and raced up the hill to our house, where I found my mother—who never watched TV in the daytime—glued to the set. Ninth inning: the game was tied. At that moment, Bill Mazeroski smashed a home run out of the park. Mom and I screamed and jumped up and down as Pirate fans went beserk. The phone rang: my dad was calling from the office, over the moon. He'd grown up in Pittsburgh and was a life-long Pirates fan. Gritty, blue-collar Pittsburgh had beaten the stuck-up, entitled Yankees.
This statue commemorates Bill Mazeroski rounding second base after his series-winning home run for the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1960. Photo: Creative Commons BY 2.0
Mazeroski's home run—famous as the one and only Game Seven walk-off win in World Series history—is my earliest, most memorable baseball memory.
Baseball was like background music in my family: always there. My dad, uncle, grandfather, and brother talked baseball and kept track of their teams. Dad alerted me to writers who wrote lyrically about the game. Without realizing it, baseball lingo and metaphors became imbedded in my brain. In high school, my boyfriend took me to a Red Sox game, where bleacher seats were $5, but I didn't become a true fan until later in life. Raising my kids in Vermont without television, we didn't see games often—though our neighborhood watched the debacle of the '86 Sox/Mets series in a friend's basement. I'm sure our screams of horror could be heard for miles when the ball skipped through You-Know-Who's feet.
During my Vermont years, friends Rosie and Peter Shiras, ultimate Sox fans, talked baseball and urged me to follow the game. A Civil Rights activist, Rosie taught her students about baseball's failure to integrate, as well as the Red Sox's shameful distinction as the last team to sign an African American player. When she retired from teaching, Rosie's students gave her a signed, framed Jackie Robinson baseball card. (Those who have read my baseball-themed novel, Out of Left Field, might recognize her card as that story's endowed object.) Last year, I attended the annual game honoring Robinson at Fenway—the day when everyone in baseball, from players to coaches to the grounds crew, wears Robinson's retired number 42. I raised my cup of beer to Rosie and Peter (RIP) in thanks for sharing their love of the game.
When I married a rabid Red Sox fan and moved to Boston, I became an ardent fan myself. Though baseball can be agonizingly slow compared to soccer (a game I also enjoy and have written about), I love watching a team come together through the season. I love the way Fenway Park feels intimate, even with 37,000 cheering fans, and it's fun to see how the view of the game changes, depending on where you sit. The city and the region bond with the team, in ways that can be heartbreaking or magical. (That was most evident after an impossible World Series win, when much of New England went berserk with joy—but also after the horror of the Marathon bombings, when the team helped bring the city together.) I love the way the park erupts when a player makes a sensational catch or hits the ball over the Green Monster. I appreciate the smell of pretzels and French fries, the first sip of beer on a hot night, the sappy way we belt out "Sweet Caroline," no matter the score. I've been in awe of the grace and intelligence of a pitcher like Pedro Martinez; I admire the grit of Dustin Pedroia, a small player with an outsize heart. For years, we celebrated the strength and dominant personality of David Ortiz—and now it's a delight to watch fresh young talent coming up. Hope, despair, joy, tedium, pandemonium, astonishment, laughter—you can never predict what emotions will dominate on any given night.
This year, in particular, baseball provides a much-needed escape from the horrors at home and in the wider world. We have tickets to a Sox-Cardinals game, the team we beat in the World Series after our eighty-six year drought. Like the narrator in my novel Out of Left Field, we'll emerge from the concrete walkway where—as Brandon says—"The first sight of that green expanse, glittering in the sun, never gets old." We'll watch the players warm up, making lazy, impossibly long tosses across the field. We'll find our seats, stand for the Star Spangled Banner, take that first sip of beer, and wait for the announcement we love: "Play ball!"
And the game begins.
Out of Left Field
Author: Liza KetchumTags: 1960 World Series, Bill Mazeroski, Boston Red Sox, David Ortiz, Dustin Pedroia, Fenway Park, Liza Ketchum, Out of Left Field, Pedro Martinez, Pittsburgh Pirates, writing
Growing Up as a Writer, part two
Harvey Swados, your writing instructor at Sarah Lawrence College, sent you out into the world to observe and experience before you wrote. Can you share some of those experiences with us? Do you still work this way when you write?
When I enrolled in Harvey Swados's creative writing class, I was a naïve young woman with little worldly experience. I wanted to write, but what would I write about? I knew nothing about Swados, but the class description was intriguing and something told me I needed that course. However, I was a transfer student and arrived to find the class had already filled. I was devastated. So I sat outside the classroom every day until Swados finally gave in and let me enroll.
Harvey Swados
Each week, Swados sent us into New York City on assignment. The city was just twenty minutes away by train, but the sites we visited were completely removed from our privileged campus existence. "Carry a notebook," he told us. "Listen, ask questions, use your senses. And always bring a friend." Turid Sato, my intrepid Norwegian roommate—who had crossed the Atlantic by freighter, and cross-country skied north of the Arctic circle—was the perfect companion.
Swados sent us to Night Court, a 24-hour courtroom where men and women were arraigned for shoplifting, assault and battery, and gun possession, under the weary gaze of a judge who'd seen it all. Turid and I visited the New York produce market after midnight and listened to grocers haggle with wholesalers over prices. We went to the Fulton Fish Market, at Manhattan's tip, at four in the morning. There we watched burly men unload crates of fish and heave them into refrigerated trucks before stomping into the local diner. We followed them in, and ate the best pan-fried fish I have ever tasted. We also brought live lobsters home in paper bags—which caused a commotion on the subway when a loose claw started waving at our seatmate.
Harvey Swados wrote about the working world. Before he was a published professor of writing, he worked as a metal finisher at a Ford Motor plant. His experiences there led to the publication of his story collection, On the Line. The pieces we wrote for his class were full of gritty sensory detail, realistic dialogue, and interesting characters. While I didn't become a reporter, as my friend Carter Stith did (for the St. Louis Post Dispatch), this class gave me the confidence to write non-fiction. And I learned the importance of immersing myself in the places that I wrote about; that no question is too dumb to ask; that most people enjoy talking about themselves, their lives, and their work.
Since that class, I have always included workplaces in my stories and novels, and that includes work done by young characters as well as adults. The work may be incidental to the story—as Brandon's work in a pizzeria is, in Out of Left Field—or the focus of an entire story, such as Newsgirl, where Amelia disguises herself as a newsboy in order to support her family, or The Life Fantastic, about Teresa's struggle to become a star onstage. My novels have included a woman geologist and "powder monkey," a photographer, a ticket seller at Fenway Park, a carpenter, a retired electrician, a newspaper editor who sets his own type, a social worker, a baker, a seamstress, a child who labored as an indentured servant (against his will), a Hollywood screenwriter, a banker, a sheep farmer, and a tattoo artist. (Thanks to Swados, I knew that I would have to spend time in a tattoo parlor, watching and asking questions, in order to create convincing scenes for Blue Coyote.)
In addition to helping to reveal character, writing about a workplace allows the writer to use more interesting nouns and lively verbs, since every type of work has its own vocabulary. Most important: even the most tedious workplace could hold the spark that inspires a good story—and that's a gift for the writer.
[For more about Harvey Swados]
Author: Liza KetchumTags: Blue Coyote, Harvey Swados, Liza Ketchum, Newsgirl, On the Line, Out of Left Field, Sarah Lawrence College, The Life Fantastic, Turid Sato, writing
The "White Pine Problem"
Often, during a school visit or a reading, someone in the audience asks about teachers who encouraged or influenced me as a writer. In response, I give credit to my 8th grade English teacher, Norm Wilson; to Kay Herzog, whose high standards in high school English taught me to revise and revise; to Harvey Swados, who taught me about the relationship between writing, work, and life; and to the inimitable Grace Paley and her brilliant skills with voice and dialogue. But this morning, as I rode my bike up a country road in Vermont, I realized that one of the most important influences on my writing was not a writer, but the biologist and field ecologist, Ty Minton.
I met Ty when I was enrolled in Antioch's Masters in Education program and signed up for his course in Field Ecology. The class I remember best took place on a sunny fall afternoon when Ty told us we ready to solve the "White Pine Problem." We followed Ty into the middle of a forest populated only by white pines. Before we could ask any questions, Ty told us that the trees had not been planted. "Spread out, walk around on your own, see what you discover about these trees. Why are they here?"
I wandered among the pines, puzzled. If no one had planted these trees, how had they grown in such orderly rows? The pines were large. Their heavy branches, laden with long, soft needles, blocked the sunlight, so there was very little undergrowth—or at least, that's what I thought. As I ducked under branches and knelt to touch soft moss growing on the north side of a tree, I noticed a few deciduous sprouts—a maple or a cherry seedling yearning for sunlight. The seedlings, I noticed, were about the same age and size.
Aha! I stood up quickly. We'd been reading about old-field succession, where abandoned fields give way to perennial grasses, wildflowers such as ragweed and goldenrod, before tough shrubs such as hardhack or hobblebush move in. In New England, paper birch and white pine are often the next plants to arrive. And after that: mature hardwood forest.
I hurried back to Ty, who waited in the shade of the pines. "This used to be a pasture!" I said. "Exactly." He smiled. As we spoke, excited exclamations rose from different corners of the forest, as classmates also solved the "problem."
Though I didn't realize it at the time, that afternoon marked a turning point. I was studying for a graduate degree in teaching, with a dream of starting a school—something I accomplished a few years later. I'd also written a few magazine articles and co-authored a book on education. But standing beneath the pines, and for weeks afterwards, I wondered if I'd chosen the wrong path. Ecology was then a new field. Should I change direction, become a field ecologist? My science education, so far, had been very limited, so I'd have to start from scratch. Though I stayed for another semester of field ecology, I kept going on the path I'd chosen—but with a difference. Science and nature and the environment became important threads that informed my work with children, as well as my fiction later on.
I remembered Ty's class a few days ago as I biked up a dirt road in Vermont. I was headed for the house where we lived when I was born. One of my earliest memories takes place in a field across from that house. I was in a hay wagon, pulled by a team of chestnut-colored Belgians driven by our neighbor, Hope Hazelton. I remember the smell of fresh-cut hay mixed with the scent of horse sweat, manure, and Hope's cigarette; the sound of creaking wheels; the heft of the leather reins when Hope set them into my small hands and let me drive the team.
As I biked, I worried. Was the field still there? The hollow where we lived, once home to dairy farms, has given way to McMansions. Our former house is twice its original size, with a two-car garage and extensive lawn. Many cow pastures are forested now. What had happened to the Hazelton's field? As I came around the corner near our old house, I noticed a grove of white pines partway up the hill. Ragweed, goldenrod, and Queen Anne's lace were in bloom below the pines. I slowed down. Were the pines beginning to create a forest like the one we visited with Ty? I kept pedaling and saw a page-wire fence running along the edge of the road. I stopped. The fence also went up the hill beside an old trail. I couldn't see any animals, but the clipped grass told me that the field is no longer a hayfield—but it is a pasture.
As I biked home, I realized that I never really gave up on ecology or the study of nature. I've been an avid gardener all my life. When I taught preschool, I wove science into our curriculum. In my novels, I pay close attention to the natural world my characters inhabit, whether it is a California gold field (Newsgirl), a bluff above the Ohio River in 1828 Kentucky (Orphan Journey Home), or the tides of the Bay of Fundy (Out of Left Field).
And now my writing life is even more focused on the environment. As the earth warms and nature is under assault, I have joined a bee committee in our town, I've planted gardens attractive to pollinators, and I'm writing—with two dear, esteemed colleagues—non-fiction books for kids that focus on positive stories in nature. (Stay tuned.)
When I work with students, I compare the theme or emotional line of a story to a closet rod, something a story's scenes and intention can hang on. I also imagine that the theme is like the drone on a bagpipe, the single note that hums below a story's melody. Fifteen books, many articles, and numerous talks on setting later, I see that a passion for the natural world is a note that thrums through everything I write. So the white pine class wasn't a "problem" at all. It was an opening and a reminder that writers can benefit from diving into other disciplines—and that great teachers can change a life. Thank you, Ty.
Author: Liza KetchumTags: Field ecology, Newsgirl, Orphan Journey Home, Out of Left Field, Untreed Reads
What baseball books mean to me:
sharing my all-star favorite reads
On my All Star Book Giveaway page, you can enter to win one of three autographed copies of my novel, Out of Left Field.
Summer is a time for reading and for baseball, so why not ask writer friends and fans for their favorite baseball books? I was interested in books they might have read when young, as well as current titles. Here are some suggestions. I look forward to expanding the discussion:
My husband, John Straus, still owns the biography of Lou Gehrig that he read when he was a young Brooklyn Dodgers fan: Lou Gehrig: Boy of the Sand Lots, by Guernsey Van Riper, Jr. (Childhood of Famous Americans Series, 1949). With lots of invented dialogue and action, it reads like a fast-paced novel, but brings the game to life.
Since we moved to the Boston area, John and I have shared and enjoyed a number of baseball-themed books together. Favorites have been Moneyball, by Michael Lewis; Wait Till Next Year, Doris Kearns Goodwin's memoir of enjoying the game with her father; and Chad Harbach's wonderful novel, The Art of Fielding. John also recommends Sandy Koufax: A Lefty's Legacy, by Jane Leavy, about one of the game's greatest pitchers, and David Halberstam's The Teammates, which profiles four great Red Sox players.
Long before I became an ardent Sox fan, I followed Roger Angell's baseball writings in The New Yorker. The New York Post has called him "The clear-eyed poet laureate of baseball." The Roger Angell Baseball Collection gathers three books of his essays into one.
As I wrote my baseball novel, Out of Left Field, I reread and quoted from A Great and Glorious Game: Baseball Writings of A. Bartlett Giamatti. Our friend David Riley, a poet, playwright, and passionate Red Sox fan, called to remind me of John Updike's brilliant piece in The New Yorker, which chronicled Ted Williams's last game (Williams finished with a home run).
In addition to these adult titles, I also appreciate baseball books for young readers. For a lively historical overview, I recommend Baseball For Everyone: 150 Years of America's Game, by my friend Janet Wyman Coleman.
My former student, Cathy Goldberg Fishman, tells the moving story of the first encounter between Jackie Robinson and Hank Greenberg in When Jackie and Hank Met (illustrated by Mark Elliot). Virginia Euwer Wolff's novel, Bat Six, follows a girl's softball team in Oregon, post-WWII.
Fellow New Englander Matt Tavares has written and illustrated a number of books about the Red Sox, including his recent Growing Up Pedro: How the Martinez Brothers Made It from the Dominican Republic All the Way to the Major Leagues. Ken Mochizuki's Baseball Saved Us, illustrated by Dom Lee, is a moving story about Japanese Americans who turned to baseball as a way to survive their internment during World War II.
My good friend Nolan Zavoral, a poet and journalist who briefly covered the Brewers, told me that his all-time favorite baseball book is Bang the Drum Slowly, by Mark Harris. Nolan wrote: "What stays with me is that last line, a killer: 'From here on in, I rag nobody.' …It's a sad, ironic, funny book, with a first-person narrator who pitches in the bigs. My runner-ups are a tie between [Bernard Malamud's] The Natural, and Ball Four; the first for all the writerly reasons, the second because Jim Bouton (with a fine assist from Leonard Schecter) made us see baseball players without the halos."
My cousin George Grayson, who taught himself to read by poring over the sports pages at the breakfast table, also praises Ball Four, which he said "was a controversial book, detailing Jim Bouton's struggles as a knuckleball pitcher. Of course, as an 11- year-old, I enjoyed it immensely and was convinced it was the best book ever published. Unfortunately for me, it was released in very late August, at a time when I was supposed to be 'finishing up' my summer reading list…"
George, a long-time Senators—now Nationals—fan, had a personal connection to Kiss It Goodbye by Shelby Whitfield, about the Senators' final season and their fatal last night. George told me a story that makes today's games seem tame: "I went to the final game of that last season with my father," George wrote. "Our sole remaining good player, the gentle giant Frank Howard, hit a laser shot of a home run that night and the crowd wouldn't stop cheering. Finally, in the 9th inning, many in the crowd stormed the field, physically uprooting and then literally stealing second base, and the game was declared a forfeit."
Readers: what are your favorite baseball titles? On my All Star Book Giveaway page, you can enter to win one of three autographed copies of my novel, Out of Left Field. Share your favorite title before midnight, Tuesday, July 14th, and we'll enter you in the drawing. We'll draw names from a baseball hat and notify winners within the week after July 14th. Winners' names will be posted on that same giveaway page.
Remember: The entry deadline is midnight Tuesday, July 14th (CDT). Sorry, only readers from the U.S. mainland are eligible for this giveaway.
Happy summer, and happy reading!
[Post footer OOLF]
Author: Liza KetchumTags: A Great and Glorious Game, A. Bartlett Giamatti, Ball Four, Bang the Drum Slowly, Baseball for Everyone, Bat Six, Cathy Goldberg Fishman, Chad Harbach, David Halberstam, David Riley, Doris Kearns Goodwin, Frank Howard, George Grayson, Growing Up Pedro, Jane Leavy, Janet Wyman Coleman, Jim Bouton, John Straus, John Updike, Kiss it Goodbye, Lou Gehrig Boy of the Sand Lots, Matt Tavares, Moneyball, Nolan Zavoral, Out of Left Field, Roger Angell, Sandy Koufax A Lefty's Legacy, Shelby Whitfield, Ted Williams, The Art of Fielding, The Natural, The Teammates, Virginia Euwer Wolff, Wait Till Next Year, Washington Senators, When Jackie and Hank Met
Number 42: Jackie Robinson Day at Fenway Park
April 15 at Fenway Park was a bittersweet day, my first game after a brutal winter. On that beautiful, warm afternoon, bright colors dominated the ballpark. The players shagged balls under a turquoise sky, their uniforms a crisp white as they threw long, easy tosses across the outfield, into the infield, and back again.
After endless blizzards that buried our cars and left us with eight-foot snow banks, the emerald grass looked smooth as velvet. And every player, from the Sox to the visiting Nationals, boasted the same scarlet number stitched onto his uniform: 42.
April 15 is Jackie Robinson Day, when Major League Baseball honors the first African-American to break the color barrier. In an act of courage that still gives me goosebumps, Robinson joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. I assumed, incorrectly, that everyone knew this history.
On a recent middle school visit to discuss my novel, Out of Left Field, I described the autographed Jackie Robinson baseball card and its essential role in the story—and then noticed the blank stares on the faces of many students, including a few African-Americans. Then a white boy in the corner, who had ignored my presentation so far, suddenly announced, "Forty-two." I gave him a thumbs up. He knew the significance of Robinson's retired number.
In Boston, Jackie Robinson Day has been a time to celebrate. For some of us, it's also an uncomfortable reminder of the team's shameful history. The Red Sox didn't field an African-American player until Pumpsie Green's debut in 1959, a dozen years after Robinson's Brooklyn arrival. Boston was the last team in the majors to break the color barrier.
Now April 15 also carries the weight of the Marathon bombings, and the Sox/Nationals game took place on the second anniversary of that traumatic event. For months, the bomber's trial has dominated the news, forcing the bombing victims—as well as the rest of the region—to relive the horror. Boston's Mayor Walsh had asked that One Boston Day become a day of remembrance, service, and random acts of kindness. He also requested a moment of silence at 2:49, when the first bomb exploded.
So I trudged up the ramp with a mix of emotions: pride, sorrow, excitement for the game ahead, regret for the past. I arrived in time to hear and see survivors of the bombings perform "The Star Spangled Banner" with courage and conviction. Flags snapped at half-staff in the breeze. We stood with hats off and hands on hearts, in awe of these survivors who still struggle with the wrenching, long-term effects of the violence.
I reached my seat in time for the first pitch. We didn't play well, but I'm not sure it mattered. The clock ticked forward with the innings. Just after 2:45, the grounds crew ran out to sweep the base paths. At 2:48 the announcer asked us to stand.
I've been at Fenway many times when all the fans rise, but it's usually a roaring ovation that celebrates a home run, cheers a pitcher's stellar outing, or encourages a batter with the bases loaded. Sometimes fans jump up in anger, to boo an ump's bad call.
This was different. 37,000 fans rose in quiet solidarity, hats off. We stood in silent unity, in respect for the city's grief, determination, and resilience. Because it was an afternoon game, there were many kids in the stands, but they were quiet too. And we knew that, beyond the Green Monster, past the giant Coke bottle and the fancy box seats, the city was silent with us.
The Sox lost the game, 10-5, but that's not what I'll remember. Instead, I'll think about the resolute strength of the survivors and their healers. I'll think about Jack, my friend and seatmate, who could cite the background, stats, strengths and weaknesses of most players and was generous in answering my questions. I'll remember Hanley Ramirez, hitting his first home run in a Red Sox uniform, the roar of the crowd as he rounded the bases.
Most of all, I'll think about the little boy who sat a few rows ahead of us. Maybe five years old, he was dressed in a Sox uniform from head to toe, his eyes wide and eager. He was in the moment, living for each pitch, for the taste of his Fenway frank, the smell of cotton candy, for the joyous singing and pumping fists of "Sweet Caroline." He shivered when the crack of a bat signaled a hit. That's when he raised his mitt, every time—just in case a foul ball blistered past the Pesky Pole and into his waiting glove.
These were the feelings I hoped to capture when I wrote my novel: a child's hope for the future, his belief in the dream. In the end, that's what the game was about.
Author: Liza KetchumTags: baseball, Hanley Ramirez, Jackie Robinson Day, One Boston Day, Out of Left Field, Pesky Pole, Pumpsie Green, Sweet Caroline
Red Sox fans rejoice over spring training at Florida's version of Fenway Park
A Yankee-Red Sox spring training game at "Fenway Park South" in 2012. By NT1952 (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Right about now, Brandon (Out of Left Field) would be turning to thoughts of spring training.
Here are intriguing facts about JetBlue Park and the history of the Red Sox in Fort Myers, Florida:
Author: Liza KetchumTags: Fort Myers Florida, JetBlue Park, Out of Left Field, spring training
Brattleboro Literary Festival
The Boston Athenaeum
The Challenge of Being Succinct
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Some quotes about our Salts. From Page 68 " The Hermetic Tradition from Julius Evola" A current book I'm studying and reading now. Very inspiring!
Boehme says "Paradise is still in this world, but man is very far from it, so long as he fails to regenerate himself. And this is the Gold hidden in Saturn".
Thus we see that the ashes from the pit of hell transformed into the purest Gold of the Philosopher's. Here is a great secret of life involved in it as well.


1925: Provisional 3 c. on 4 c. slate-grey optd. in red, a complete unused sheet of 120 subjects, largely fresh and fine with interpanneau margins intact, full 'Chinese Bureau of Engraving and Printing' imprint at top and requisition number 19, one horizontal crease along margin only, some spotting, unmounted og. Gi = £ 600.


text:
require "rubygems"

# Add the local gems dir if found within the app root; any dependencies loaded
# hereafter will try to load from the local gems before loading system gems.
if (local_gem_dir = File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', 'gems')) && $BUNDLE.nil?
  $BUNDLE = true; Gem.clear_paths; Gem.path.unshift(local_gem_dir)
end

require "merb-core"
require "spec" # Satisfies Autotest and anyone else not using the Rake tasks

# this loads all plugins required in your init file so don't add them
# here again, Merb will do it for you
Merb.start_environment(:testing => true, :adapter => 'runner', :environment => ENV['MERB_ENV'] || 'test')

Spec::Runner.configure do |config|
  config.include(Merb::Test::ViewHelper)
  config.include(Merb::Test::RouteHelper)
  config.include(Merb::Test::ControllerHelper)
end

def list_mock_project
  [mock(:project,
        :name => 'oupsnow',
        :description => nil ),
    mock(:project,
         :name => 'pictrails',
         :description => 'a gallery in Rails')]
end

require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/fixtures.rb'

Merb::Test.add_helpers do

  def logout
    request('/logout')
  end

  def delete_default_member_from_project(project)
    project.members(:user_id => User.first(:login => 'shingara').id).destroy!
    project.save
  end

  def delete_project_and_user
    Project.all.each {|p| p.destroy}
    User.all.each {|u| u.destroy}
    Function.all.destroy!
    State.all.destroy!
  end

  def create_default_user
    delete_project_and_user
    create_default_admin
    u = User.create( :login => 'shingara',
                :email => 'cyril.mougel@gmail.com',
                :password => 'tintinpouet',
                :password_confirmation => 'tintinpouet') or raise "can't create user"
    Project.first.members.create(:function_id => Function.gen.id,
                                :user_id => u.id)
  end

  def create_default_admin
    delete_project_and_user
    User.gen(:login => 'admin')
    Project.gen
    State.gen(:name => 'new')
    State.gen(:name => 'check')
    Project.first.members.create(:function_id => Function.gen(:admin).id,
                                :user_id => User.first(:login => 'admin').id)
    Ticket.gen(:project_id => Project.first.id,
               :member_create_id => User.first.id)
    Ticket.first.ticket_updates.create(:member_create_id => User.first.id,
                                      :description => 'a good update')
  end

  def login
    create_default_user
    request('/logout')
    request('/login', {:method => 'PUT',
            :params => { :login => 'shingara',
              :password => 'tintinpouet'}})
    u = User.first(:login => 'shingara')
    u.members(:function_id => Function.admin.id).each do |m|
      m.function = Function.first(:name.not => Function::ADMIN)
      m.save
    end
    u
  end

  def login_admin
    create_default_admin
    request('/logout')
    request('/login', {:method => 'PUT',
            :params => {:login => 'admin', :password => 'tintinpouet'}})
  end

  def need_developper_function
    unless Function.first(:name => 'Developper')
      Function.gen(:name => 'Developper')
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Redirect all subfolders of a language to the language folder I'd like to redirect all subfolders of a language to the language folder. For example :

*

*http://example.com/es/folder1/

*http://example.com/es/folder1/folder2/
redirect to http://example.com/es/
I tried different options such as
Redirectmatch 301 ^es/(.*)$ www.example.com/es/$1

or
RewriteRule ^es/(.*)$ www.example.com/es/$1

but as the parent folder is the same as destination folder, it was doing a loop.

A: Redirectmatch 301 ^/es/(.+)$ www.example.com/es/

$1 is the back-reference to (.+). I think you are redirecting /es/(.+) to /es/, you can drop the $1.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Displaying items by tag: Government
Macquarie Government wants greater govt focus on cyber security capabilities
Macquarie Government has called on the Australian Government to give greater focus to building critical sovereign capabilities in cyber security and IT to keep Australia competitive.
Published in Security
Telecoms veteran Hudson takes on new role at Vertel
Telecommunications carrier Vertel has appointed its former head of government Tony Hudson as commercial director to lead its sales, marketing and customer experience teams.
Macquarie Telecom revenue growth up 6% to $246.6m for 2019, offset by profit drop to $16.5m
Telecommunications and data centre provider Macquarie Telecom Group is trumpeting the delivery of five successive years of profitable growth as it reports a 6% jump in 2019 full year revenue to $246.6 million from $233.6 million the previous year - but dampened by a 3% decrease in after tax net profit of $16.5 million compared to $17.0 million in 2018, due to depreciation.
Published in Business Telecommunications

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The All Wales Helpline would like to thank Graham Cobley from the Public Protection Unit North Wales Police for visiting the Helpline to give an overview of the Domestic violence protection notices (DVPN) and domestic violence protection orders (DVPO) and how they work in practice.
He explained that a DVPN gives the arresting officer the opportunity to intervene in order to protect victims. DVPN can stop the offender from returning to an address for 48 hours.
A DVPO is granted by the court, can last up to 28 days and will include conditions with which the perpetrator must comply. This can include prohibiting the perpetrator from molesting the associated person for whose protection it is issued, and include molestation in general or certain acts of molestation.
All the staff members felt they were much more confident in discussing these new procedures with service users after the presentation.


BYZANTINE CHURCHES IN CONSTANTINOPLE This volume is a sequel to the work I published, several years ago, under the title, Byzantine Constantinople: the Walls of the City, and adjoining Historical Sites. In that work the city was viewed, mainly, as the citadel of the Roman Empire in the East, and the bulwark of civilization for more than a thousand years. But the city of Constantine was not only a mighty fortress. It was, moreover, the centre of a great religious community, which elaborated dogmas, fostered forms of piety, and controlled an ecclesiastical administration that have left a profound impression upon the thought and life of mankind. New Rome was a Holy City. It was crowded with churches, hallowed, it was believed, by the remains of the apostles, prophets, saints, and martyrs of the Catholic Church; shrines at which men gathered to worship, from near and far, as before the gates of heaven. These sanctuaries were, furthermore, constructed and beautified after a fashion which marks a distinct and important period in the history of art, and have much to interest the artist and the architect. We have, consequently, reasons enough to justify our study of the churches of Byzantine Constantinople. Of the immense number of the churches which once filled the city but a small remnant survives. Earthquakes, fires, pillage, neglect, not to speak of the facility with which a Byzantine structure could be shorn of its glory, have swept the vast majority off the face of the earth, leaving not a rack behind. In most cases even the sites on which they stood cannot be identified. The places which knew them know them no more. Scarcely a score of the old churches of the city are left to us, all with one exception converted into mosques and sadly altered. The visitor must, therefore, be prepared for disappointment. Age is not always a crown of glory; nor does change of ownership and adaptation to different ideas and tastes necessarily conduce to improvement. We are not looking at flowers in their native clime or in full bloom, but at flowers in a herbarium so to speak, or left to wither and decay. As we look upon them we have need of imagination to see in faded colours the graceful forms and brilliant hues which charmed and delighted the eyes of men in other days. In the preparation of this work I have availed myself of the aid afforded by previous stu-dents in the same field of research, and I have gratefully acknowledged my debt to them whenever there has been occasion to do so. At the same time this is a fresh study of the sub-ject, and has been made with the hope of confirming what is true, correcting mistakes, and gathering additional information. Attention has been given to both the history and the archi-tecture of these buildings. The materials for the former are, unfortunately, all too scanty. No continuous records of any of these churches exist. A few incidents scattered over wide tracts of time constitute all that can be known. Still, disconnected incidents though they be, they give us glimpses of the characteristic thoughts and feelings of a large mass of our humanity during a long period of history. ALEXANDER VAN MILLINGEN. Robert College, Constantinople.


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Major League Baseball unveiled the lineup of holiday and special-event uniforms that will be worn throughout the 2019 season. There's a new one that was added this year, which will honor the Armed Forces on May 18.
MLB plans to honor military members and their families throughout the weekend of Armed Forces Day, which is annually celebrated on the third Saturday of May.
On this day, when citizens unite and honor military heroes for the patriotic services in support of the United States, MLB players and club personnel will wear camouflage-designed caps with their uniforms, as well as optional camo-themed socks.
A jersey patch featuring the Stars and Stripes-silhouetted batter will be placed on the left chest. The right side of the caps feature a five-starred emblem to represent the five branches of the U.S. military. The Blue Jays will wears a badge with four maple leafs on the right side of their caps to demonstrate respect for the Canadian Armed Forces.
MLB will donate its royalties earned on the sales of licensed items to military-focused charities. Last year, according to LeGrande, donations were made to Tragedy Assistance for Survivors, Folds of Honor Foundation, The Mission Continues and others.
"As someone who came from a military family, it's been a great pleasure for me to see the work baseball has done to serve those who serve us," LeGrande said.
The other traditional holiday and special-event uniforms that will be worn will honor Mother's Day, Father's Day, Independence Day weekend, the T-Mobile Home Run Derby and the All-Star Game.
MLB collaborated with its Authentic Collection partners New Era Cap and Stance to create unique design elements on team caps and socks for each event. Jerseys worn on the holidays this year will feature awareness patches on the left chest, connected to the respective holiday tributes.
MLB will again donate its licensed uniform royalties that are connected to charitable initiatives. Proceeds will be donated to the Susan G. Komen (Mother's Day), Prostate Cancer Foundation (Father's Day), Stand Up To Cancer (Mother's Day and Father's Day).
During games on Mother's Day, players will don newly designed caps with pink accents on the team logos and cap brims. A matching pair of pink socks is optional for every player, while regular club jerseys will be adorned by a pink ribbon on the left chest.
A light blue ribbon will be placed on the left chest of regular team jerseys, while New Era designed a new cap with light blue crowns to accent team colors on the brim and logo. Players also have the option of wearing light blue socks.
For the 12th consecutive summer, U.S.-based MLB Clubs will sport caps with their historic team logos, emblazoned with stars and stripes to celebrate the Fourth of July weekend. The sides of the caps also feature the American and National League logos. Players also have the option of wearing socks with a fireworks design, while a Stars and Stripes patch will adorn home and road jerseys during games on July 4. The Toronto Blue Jays will sport their red alternate jerseys with red Maple Leaf caps on Canada Day -- July 1.
The jerseys, caps and socks that top prospects will wear for the 2019 SiriusXM All-Star Futures Game and that MLB All-Stars will wear on Gatorade All-Star Workout Day, celebrate the host city of Cleveland.
For the first time since the 2000 Home Run Derby, players will sport a sleeveless, vest-styled jersey in navy or red, depending on league affiliation. The caps are dark grey with two baseball bats crossed on the front of the crown and team logo centered above, while the socks illustrate a concert with all MLB cities listed on the back in the style of a musical act's tour shirt.
For the sixth consecutive summer, New Era, in conjunction with MLB, has created a new All-Star cap design theme, representing every club, to be worn in the All-Star Game presented by Mastercard. This year's caps are team colored and feature two silver stars, one on either side of the team logo on the cap fronts.
A patch of the primary All-Star Game logo will adorn the right sleeve of all game jerseys and a star-shaped patch representing a player's number of All-Star appearances will be placed on the left sleeve.
The All-Star Game socks by Stance highlight the navy, white and red base colors of the host Cleveland Indians with a unique ASG wordmark across the back.


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text:
Tomasz Borysiuk (ur. 24 sierpnia 1974 w Warszawie) – polski dziennikarz telewizyjny, członek Krajowej Rady Radiofonii i Telewizji od 2006 do 2010.

Życiorys
Ukończył w 1998 studia prawnicze na Uniwersytecie w Białymstoku. Od 1996 do 1998 był zatrudniony w Klubie Parlamentarnym Sojuszu Lewicy Demokratycznej.

Od 1999 pracował w Telewizji Polskiej jako producent i wydawca programów Gość Jedynki (1999–2000, 2002–2004), NATO bez granic (1999–2000), Krakowskie Przedmieście. Był m.in. producentem Gościa Jedynki w 2000, w którym wywiad z Marianem Krzaklewskim przeprowadził Piotr Gembarowski, a który to program spotkał się z krytyką Rady Etyki Mediów jako nieobiektywny i nieprofesjonalny.

W styczniu 2006 został wybrany przez Sejm w skład Krajowej Rady Radiofonii i Telewizji, jako kandydat Samoobrony RP, poparty także przez Ligę Polskich Rodzin przy braku pozytywnej opinii ze strony Komisji Kultury i Środków Przekazu. W związku z nieprzyjęciem przez Sejm i Senat sprawozdania KRRiT za 2009, potwierdzonym przez tymczasowo wykonującego obowiązki prezydenta RP, jego kadencja zakończyła się w 2010.

Życie prywatne
Jest synem historyka, politologa i byłego posła Bolesława Borysiuka.

Przypisy

Absolwenci Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Członkowie Krajowej Rady Radiofonii i Telewizji
Ludzie urodzeni w Warszawie
Polscy dziennikarze
Politycy Samoobrony
Politycy SdRP i SLD
Urodzeni w 1974

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


I'm really excited to welcome to final episode of series one of the In Her Financial Shoes podcast a pioneer in the field of financial well-being Chris Budd. We talk about Chris' own personal journey, and the writing of his book Financial Wellbeing of which he donated all the proceeds to a cancer charity.
Chris previously ran his own business, Ovation Finance, which he has since sold and also written a book about entitled Eternal Business. Chris continues to write novels, all of which are available on Amazon. In addition to writing, Chris runs the Financial Wellbeing podcast which I absolutely recommend. As if all that isn't enough, Chris is also running a financial well-being conference later this year, so keep your eyes peeled for that!
Chris and I talk about the crossroads he came to in his own life, and the ways in which money is about far more than money. Money is about happiness, and happiness is about finding our own true purpose in life. Chris and I take a deep look at the things that can contribute to both our happiness and unhappiness in life in this episode.
Chris also covers what he calls the five stages to financial well-being, which are the stages he covers in his book. We talk about these in depth, as well as the value money creates in your life.
Hi Chris, it's so great to have you. We'd love to know a little about yourself?
Great to be here. In 1998 I set up a financial planning business which was sold last year to an employee ownership trust. A few years ago I wrote The Financial Wellbeing book, all the proceeds of which were donated to the Penny Brohn cancer center, and it was them that actually inspired the book.
Penny Brohn talk a lot about well being, and at time when I googled 'financial well-being' it actually only returned two results. Now of course, it's a much more widely used term.
What I loved about your book was the simplicity of it and how easy the steps were to implement. Talk to us more about what inspired you to write about this concept?
There were two things; after many years of financial planning with people, I'd helped a lot of people to realise that they already had 'enough'. When people come to this realisation that they have enough to do the things and live the life that they want, they realise the options that gives them. What I often found is that when people find they have enough to live the life that they want, their next step is to seek purpose. Generally, that purpose comes in the form of helping other people and philanthropy. So it really struck me that it's not money that makes us happy, but what we do with it and what we do for others.
My wife is a cancer nurse and had started working with Penny Brohn, and she was telling me all about their ideas around well-being and living well with cancer. They really focus on helping their patients to live well, look after themselves, reduce stress, and generally take care of their well being as cancer patients. I remember feeling really inspired listening to her, and in my excitement I declared that I'd write a book called 'How Financial Planning Can Help Prevent Cancer', which thankfully my wife told me probably wasn't a very good title!
But the idea of reducing stress by taking care of our finances was at the core of the plan. Money is very much a tool, and there is lots of research which tells us that if we focus on the material side of money; money itself and material possessions, then it fails to make us happy. But if we approach and use money as a tool for a wider purpose, it has the ability to make us extremely happy.
So really it was Penny Brohn that inspired the idea, which is why the proceeds of the book were donated to them.
So why do you think we focus on money in the physical sense, rather than seeing it as a tool?
Not all societies do! In Scandinavia for example, they are much less focussed on the material aspects of money than perhaps here in the UK and in the USA. My suggestion would be that we live in a society which has a vested interest in making us be focused on money. If you think about the advertising and marketing industries in this countries you can see that. The messages that we see in advertising, the media, and popular culture is that you can achieve happiness through material possessions, and also that respect is given where there is more money.
One of the questions I ask when I'm coaching is 'what is your definition of success?' For me, the definition of success is freedom and flexibility of time. For me that is extremely important.
Do you think our early experiences of money also play into this? What are your early experiences with money?
I think I was an annoying little entrepreneur actually! I remember my dad used to work for a pensions company, and we used to go to his office on a Saturday. I distinctly remember as a kid that I used to pilfer things from the stationary cupboard there which I'd then take with me to school and sell it.
The other thing that was one of the most defining things for me around money was that my father went bankrupt when I was in my early 20's. We lost everything including our house, and it still emotionally affects me to this day. I remember deciding there and then that I never wanted to be a victim, and I would never let something like that happen to me.
It's so interesting that you chose to take that message from the situation. In your experience as a financial planner, what challenges would you say people often present around planning their finances?
The approach that I usually propose is coaching first, then planning, then advice. So financial advice I define as being technical knowledge and advice in relation to a specific product such as tax or pensions. But before you do that, you need to know what your future financial plan is that you're then going to apply the advice to. I believe that there should also, and perhaps crucially, be coaching before all of that; talking about the why, the what, the purpose, and the future around the money that you want.
Without first defining the future that you want, unpicking the why's of the financial goals you have and the purpose behind them, I don't believe you can effectively plan financially.
I love that so much. From my own personal experience I completely agree that finding your purpose is so important. And that's why I find the work that you do so inspiring.
Financial planning is really very simple; all you have to do is work out what you want from life and spend your money on that. Of course that can be incredibly hard, and the most difficult thing is working out what your purpose is. On one of our podcast episodes Greg Davis concluded that we are almost hard wired to make bad decisions about money.
It's a bit like when you try to quit smoking; when you know that the first month will be the hardest not because you're battling your mind but because you're battling a chemical that's trying to leave your body, you accept that it's not your fault and that you may need some help. Making bad decision about money is much the same – once you know that clever marketing is trying to inspire bad decisions, and your cognitive bias is doing the same, you can accept that and be more resolute in pushing back against it.
Absolutely. I was talking recently about the process of anchoring the decisions we make to past experiences. So how do we go about finding purpose when we perhaps don't feel as though we have any?
There's a really interesting study from Harvard, and there was a Ted Talk about the subject too.
Harvard studied around 950 people and asked them at the beginning of the study what they thought would make them happy in life. Overwhelmingly the answers were money and success. The university went back every two years and interviewed the same people, asking them about their happiness; were they happy, and what things were making them happy. They have continued for the last 75 years and funnily enough found that neither fame nor money had any effect on happiness, but that the quality (not to be confused with quantity) of their social contact had a huge effect, even going so far as to show that those who reported loneliness died earlier.
It's so important to not just focus on one area, but on all five as a balance, with social well being as the most important factor.
In my experience coaching, I would say that women often present to me as being better at spending their money to improve their social contact, whereas men tend to be more focussed on acquiring goods and status.
Yes, but it's utterly stupid isn't it?! I quite often use the example of personalised number plates; to me a personalised car number plate is a clear sign to the world that you're not giving enough money to charity!
So where would you say to begin with analysing those 5 areas of your well-being in order to achieve balance?
Well really it's about looking at how you are using each area to support the others. So, for example, how are you using your finances to support your community well-being (community being the wider social family as well as your literal community).
There's a concept called self limiting beliefs which I talk about quite often. We place limitations upon ourselves and what we think we can do in our current situations based on these self limiting beliefs. So we may believe that we are stuck in a certain place in life, or a job, or even in debt because we have the self limiting belief that we cannot do anything about it.
So, let's move on to the 5 stages of financial well-being; what are they Chris?
Having a clear path – having a plan and identifiable objectives for life.
Having control of your daily finances.
Dealing with financial shocks – having the ability to cope with financial shocks, such as the right protection in place and emergency funds.
Having financial options in life.
Gaining clarity and security for those we leave behind.
These don't necessarily need to be addressed in that order, although of course in the book I do cover them in this order. Once you take these actions, quite often people report an increase in general well-being.
People often don't like to think about the fifth stage, or in fact money at all. But all it really takes is a few hours to get everything in order so that you can stop thinking about it and get on with enjoying life.
Ultimately, I think the most important thing we can do as a starting point is to spend some time thinking and talking about what will make you happy and excited in your life, and through that defining your purpose. Through this, you can then begin to plan your finances around your life.
Book in a complimentary call to discuss how financial coaching can help you move from financial overwhelm to confidence and control.
This entry was posted in Budgeting, Dealing with money as a business owner, Financial Advice, Financial coaching, happiness, Improving your relationship with money, money, Money Management, Money Mindset, Podcast, wellbeing, Your Future Self - Retirement. Bookmark the permalink.


2005 Mattel Fifty Years Disney Theme Park Barbie Doll. 11.5 inch slender vinyl Barbie fashion doll has long straight blonde hair, painted blue eyes, and an open mouth. Her 1955 Disney outfit includes a blue pleated corduroy skirt, white tee-shirt with Mickey Mouse Club motif, black mouse ears with red bow and picture of Mickey Mouse, white socks, and black buckling clogs. Included with her is a 2005 casual outfit that includes tan jeans with leg pockets, belt, yellow tee-shirt with castle and Tinkerbell picture that says 'Golden Celebration', mouse ears with golden ears and golden mouse face that says '50', black and white tennis shoes, a Tinkerbell picture, and hair brush. The background of the box shows the Sleeping Beauty castle at Disneyland. Very special Barbie doll was sold at theme parks during Disneyland's 50-year celebration. New, mint, and never removed from the box. Expand listing to view both photographs.


Take a look at the press kit, press releases and images of ARTIS.
We welcome press requests that are connected with ARTIS and/or its mission and vision.
Receive future press releases from ARTIS and/or ARTIS-Micropia.


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Yes, I thought graduation from 4K was a bit silly. However, Samantha was nervous and excited at the same time. It is a big deal because the Kindergarteners are in a different building, they wear uniforms, and go to school all day. So, we said good bye to preschool. Kindergarten, here we come!
She received a diploma from the principal and a Dove pin (the school/church mascot) from her teacher. They processed in and out to Pomp and Circumstance, and sang a few songs in between. I can't believe she'll be in Kindergarten in a few months! Where have the years gone?


text:
Fulbright U.S. Scholars Program
Fulbright-Hays Faculty Research Abroad Program
International Research and Scholarship Grant
Mershon Center Faculty Grants
Polish Studies Initiative Scholarships and Grants
Slovene Research Initiative Faculty Exchange
Virtual Exchange Global Teaching and Learning Grant
The Ohio State University scholars and professional staff are eligible to apply for Core Fulbright Scholar Program Awards, Fulbright International Education (IEA) seminars, and Fulbright Specialist Programs awards. Interested Ohio State faculty and professional staff are encouraged to contact the Fulbright Scholar campus liaisons to discuss these programs.
Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program
Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program awards provide opportunities for faculty as well as for professionals, artists, journalists, scientists, lawyers, independent scholars and many others to teach, research, or conduct a combination of teaching and research. Awards are two- to 12-months in length, and flex options may be available to split up time abroad. Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program awards are administered by the Council for International Exchange of Scholars and are sponsored by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State.
2023-2024 Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program Competition is open
Application Deadline: September 15, 2022
Fulbright U.S. Specialist Program
The Fulbright U.S. Specialist Program, a component of the Fulbright Program, sends U.S. faculty and professionals to serve as short-term experts at academic and other institutions abroad. Fulbright Specialists spend two to six weeks assisting host institutions with curriculum improvement, faculty development, institutional planning and related issues in a wide range of fields including agriculture, economics, education, and public health, among others.
The Fulbright U.S. Specialist Program is administered by World Learning and is sponsored by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State.
Individuals apply to join the Fulbright Specialist Roster. If selected, individuals join the roster for three (3) years. Meanwhile, host institutions submit project proposals to their Fulbright Commission or U.S. Embassy. If a host country project proposal is approved, a Fulbright Specialist from the roster is matched to the project. Specialists may also view all open projects and signify their interest in any open project. There is no guarantee to be matched, and individuals on the roster must be matched and complete an exchange to be considered a Fulbright Specialist.
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Applications are accepted on a rolling basis throughout the year, every eight weeks. Application deadlines published on Specialist Application Process.
Fulbright International Education Administrator (IEA) seminars
Fulbright International Education Administrator (IEA) seminars provide international education professionals and senior higher education officials opportunities to create empowering connections with the societal, cultural and higher education systems of other countries. IEA seminars are sponsored by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State. Current IEA Seminar participating countries: India, Taiwan, Russia, Japan, Korea, France and Germany.
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Hypephyra sterrhoticha är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Louis Beethoven Prout 1937. Hypephyra sterrhoticha ingår i släktet Hypephyra och familjen mätare. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

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Grass Growth and Regrowth for Improved Management
How does Grass Grow?
A Grass Checklist
Optimizing Grazing
Importance of Grass
Grass Structures
Mechanisms for Growth
Life Cycles of Grass
Grass Types
Bunch and Sod-forming grasses
Cool-season or Warm-season Grasses
Forage or Turf Grasses
Jointing and Non-jointing Grasses
Short and Tall Grasses
Developmental Phases
Vegetative Phase
Germination and Seedling Emergence
Leaf Formation
Rhizomes and Stolons
Tillering
How does Grass Regrow?
Defoliation
Animal Habits
Fouling (Fertilizer)
Palatability
Management Scenarios
Adventitious Root Development
Can Pastures Be Too Lush?
Changes In the Tall Grass Prairie
Contaminated Sod
Foxtail Barley - Invasive Weed
Germination Difficulties
Grazing / Recovery Times
Mowing Mistakes
Rotational Grazing
Topping Pastures
Bromegrass
Farmer/Rancher Site Guide
Instructor Site Guide
Student Site Guide
Project Educational Design
Home » Grass Growth and Regrowth for Improved Management » How does Grass Grow? » Grass Types
Although animals eat all year round, there is no "all season" plant to use as forage. Knowing that some plants are C3 (cool season, temperate) and some plants are referred to as C4 (warm season, tropical) is a basic key to having quality forage all year long. But understanding the physiology (internal chemical changes) of both can even further improve the management of forages.
The science:
C3 and C4 plants both use the process of photosynthesis to convert light energy and atmospheric CO2 into plant food energy (carbohydrates).
Carbon dioxide (CO2) + water (H2O) -> carbohydrate (food) + oxygen (O2)
green plant material
C3 and C4 plants differ in the leaf anatomies and enzymes used to carry out photosynthesis. These differences are important with respect to their optimal growing conditions, N and water-use efficiency, forage quality, and seasonal production profile.
C3 plants (cool season)
C3 plants are called temperate or cool-season plants. They reduce (fix) CO2 directly by the enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBPcase) in the chloroplast. The reaction between CO2 and ribulose bisphophate, a phosphorylated 5-carbon sugar, forms two molecules of a 3-carbon acid. This 3-carbon acid is called 3-phosphoglyceric acid and explains why the plants using this chemical reaction are called C3 plants. The 3-phosphoglyceric acid molecules move out of the chloroplast to the cytoplasm and are used to make hexose, sucrose, and other compounds. The enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase also triggers a reaction where oxygen splits ribulose bisphophate into a 2-carbon acid and a 3-phosphoglyceric acid. The 2-carbon acid is respired to carbon dioxide via photorespiration and basically lost to plant function. As much as 15-40% of the light energy taken into the C3 plants is lost via photorespiration which rises with increasing temperatures.
Thus, C3 plants fix CO2 more efficiently in cooler environments.
The ramifications:
C3 plants have an optimum temperature range of 65-75 degrees F. Growth begins when the soil temperature is 40-45 degrees F. C3 plants become less efficient as the temperature increases, but they provide a higher percentage of crude protein than C4 plants. Cool temperatures of early spring also effect the activity of soil organisms which release nitrogen from organic reserves. Thus, C3 plants respond to nitrogen fertilizer during this season. Cool-season grasses are productive in the spring and fall because of the cooler temperatures during the day and night, shorter photoperiods, and higher soil moisture. During the summer, growth is reduced and dormancy is induced by high temperatures and low precipitation. However, in fall, when temperatures drop and moisture is more available, growth resumes.
There is evidence that summer dormancy is associated with mismanagement of seed heads. Timely removal of seed heads, at the late-jointing to early boot stages, triggers growth of the second cycle of tillers before the onset of hot, dry weather. It may be possible to increase summer productivity in this manner.
There is some evidence indicating that conditions necessary for floral induction in C3 plants are different from C4 plants. Cool-season grasses may require short days and/or low temperatures in the fall or early spring (a vernalization period) before the seedhead develops from the meristem (growing point). There also seems to be a need for the tiller (shoot, new plant) to reach a certain size before vernalization can commence. Timothy does not require this vernalization but requires long days to flower.
C3 plants can be annual or perennial. Annual C3 plants include wheat, rye, and oats. Perennial C3 plants include orchardgrass, fescues, and perennial ryegrass. The degradation of C3 grasses in the rumen of an animal is often faster than C4 grasses because of the thin cell walls and leaf tissue and are therefore often of higher forage quality.
C4 plants (warm season)
C4 plants are often called tropical or warm season plants. They reduce carbon dioxide captured during photosynthesis to useable components by first converting carbon dioxide to oxaloacetate, a 4-carbon acid. This is the reason these plants are referred to as C4 plants. Photosynthesis then continues in much the same way as in C3 plants. This type of photosynthesis is highly efficient and little fixed CO2 is lost through photorespiration.
C4 plants are more efficient at gathering carbon dioxide and utilizing nitrogen from the atmosphere and recycled N in the soil. They also use less water to make dry matter. They grow best at 90-95 degrees F. They begin to grow when the soil temperature is 60-65 degrees F. Forage of C4 species is generally lower in protein than C3 plants but the protein is more efficiently used by animals. This efficiency may result because C3 plants contain a lot of non-protein nitrogen (NPN), very labile (changeable) in form, which pass into the gut or is absorbed directly into the portal vein leading to the liver and not incorporated into microbial proteins by rumen microflora. It is well established that NPN levels may exceed the liver's capacity to filter it out, thus it enters the systemic blood and causes ammonia intoxication.
Warm-season grasses are specifically triggered by daylengths so latitudes should be considered in selecting warm-season grass species. They are most productive during the warmer summer months. Often, cool-season and warm-season species are used in combinations to provide forage throughout much of the year. With ample soil moisture, warm season grassses may respond to nitrogen fertilizer but because irrigation is often expensive, supplemental nitrogen is seldom applied.
C4 plants can be annual or perennial. Annual C4 plants include corn, sudangrass, and pearlmillet. Perennial C4 plants include big bluestem, indiangrass, bermudagrass, switchgrass, and old world bluestems.
Practical Applications
In recent years, warm-season grasses have been recommended for seeding retired cropland. Efforts are also underway to improve rangelands by introducing species that have disappeared due to over grazing. To ensure persistence, pastures can be established using cool-season and warm-season grasses. Cool-season grasses could be utilized for fall, winter, and spring grazing and the warm-season grasses would flourish in the summer. In spring, the warm-season grasses should be protected until they can better withstand defoliation. To determine when that is, monitor the root system for the production of new tillers.
Warm-season grasses reach their peak of production about a month later than cool-season grasses. Although warm-season grasses produce less yield, their virtue is to provide superior midsummer grazing when cool-season grasses are semi-dormant. Both types can be stockpiled during late summer and fall to provide maintenance energy for livestock during the winter months.
Warm-season (C4) grasses normally contain less protein than is found in cool-season (C3) grasses. This might be expected because warm-season grasses are seldom fertilized with supplemental nitrogen. However, to achieve yield goals with cool-season grasses, they are often fertilized with some form of nitrogen. This increases the protein content of the grass, as nitrogen accounts for 16 percent of the protein molecule. Nitrogen that is not incorporated into proteins is temporarily stored in various forms: free amino acids, nitrates, amides, and amines, broadly classed as non-protein nitrogen (NPN). In chemical analyses of feedstuffs, these forms of nitrogen are commonly considered as being as nutritious as true proteins. This may not hold true if the NPN level is too high.
The protein in C4 grasses is used more efficiently by ruminant livestock. A higher percentage of the protein in C4 grasses is retained in the carcass and less is voided via the kidneys as urea. Cattle reach a higher degree of finish on C4 range grasses than on more lush C3 grasses. Why is this?
Research suggests that reduced efficiency in protein utilization in C3 grasses might be due to excessive levels of NPN. These NPN substances are rapidly deaminated (an amino group is removed) by enyzmes (chiefly urease) present in the rumen microflora. The ammonium (NH4) released from deamination can cause stress similar to the type which often occurs when feeding excessive amounts of urea to livestock.
There is evidence that livestock may suffer illnesses from lush pastures because the rapid release of ammonium N from the labile nitrogenonous substances in grasses.
High levels of soil nitrogen lead to rapid uptake of this element by plant roots. Some of it may be stored as NPN. If rumen microflora fail to incorporate the liberated ammonium N into microbial protein (this being the normal function of rumen bacteria), a significant portion may be absorbed through the rumen wall into the portal vein leading to the liver. Additionally, in a worst case scenario, some of the nitrogen-rich material may pass into the secum where it is degraded by bacteria rather than by the enzyme urease. This is known as intestinal putrefaction (proteins rot or putrify, whereas carbohydrates ferment). The ammonium N released via putrification is absorbed directly into the portal blood system leading to the liver. The liver is challenged to convert the the nitrogen in the portal blood system to urea so that will enter the general blood stream which nourishes the brain, kidneys, muscles, and other organs.
If the liver malfunctions, or its capacity to filter the ammonium nitrogen is exceeded, this toxic ammonium eventually reaches the brain via the general circulation and causes various forms of livestock disorders, broadly classed as ammonia intoxication.
The above interpretation suggests that cool-season grasses should not be heavily fertilized with nitrogen (>50 lb of actual N per acre per month). Nitrogen should be applied in split applications. As an extra precaution to maintain low levels of NPN in cool-season grasses, maintain ample levels of phosphorus and potassium in the soil. Potassium serves a catalytic function in protein synthesis thereby lowering the level of NPN and phosphorus is important in energy metabolism (ATP).
What about pasture supplements? Energy-rich supplements can be offered as additional insurance against NPN stress. For example, when urea is added to livestock rations, it is essential to supply grain or molasses to stimulate growth of rumen microflora, thereby creating a demand for the ammonium nitrogen released in the rumen. Additionally, livestock relish a mineral supplement which contains clay. The cation exchange properties (buffering capacity) of clay minerals promotes the absorption (and possible fixation) of ammonium ions.
Reference: Bessman, S.P. "Ammonia Metablolism in Animals: Symposium on Inorganic Nitrogen Metabolism." 1956. McElroy and Glass (eds). The Johns Hopkins Press.
The graphic that follows shows when different types of grasses are most productive. No species will work throughout the year, so other feed will be needed. It also indicates when to harvest abundant growth for hay or silage. Note the different growth patterns of warm-season and cool-season grasses.
‹ Bunch and Sod-forming grasses up Forage or Turf Grasses ›


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Recap: Opening day loss for Gwangju FC
Peter Hampshire May 09, 2020 read ( words)
Gwangju fell to a 2-0 defeat at the hands of Seongnam on their return to KLeague 1 as the Yellows looked bereft of ideas in an unfamiliar formation. Two early goals from Yang Dong-hyeon condemned Park Jin-seop's side to a disappointing defeat.
Seongnam got off to a blistering start taking the lead after just five minutes as Yang Dong-hyeon was afforded far too much space in the box. His header flew past Yoon Pyeong-gook in the Yellows net and set the tone for the opening exchanges with Yang grabbing his second just six minutes later. Allowed to turn inside the box, he slotted into the bottom left corner. Park Jin-seop's Yellows did put in a spirited reply with Doo Hyeon-seok flashing an effort inches wide of the post. On 36 minutes Kim Jin-hyeon struck the bar following Felipe's knock down and minutes later Yeo Bong-hoon worked himself into a one-on-one position with Seongnam debutant Kim Young-kwang but failed to beat him.
The second half didn't start with as fast a tempo as Kim Nam-il's Seongnam looked to ease out the victory. Yoo In-soo, who assisted Yang's first goal, fired a firecracker of a shot to Yoon's left in the Gwangju goal but he extended magnificently to deny the former FC Tokyo man. Gwangju boss Park's last throw of the dice was to hand Kim Hyo-gi his debut up front but the veteran didn't make too much of an impact.
What Went Well for Gwangju?
Gwangju had plenty of possession in dangerous areas and on another day could have caused more problems for the Magpies. Park Jin-seop showed strong management to make an early substitution as 20-year-old Kim Jin-hyeon was replaced by Lim Min-hyeok in midfield in an attempt to shake things up. New signing Marcos Urena also showed flashes of potential and some good link up play with strike partner Felipe.
[LISTEN: Transfer Window Recap Pod]
What Didn't Go Well for Gwangju?
Gwangju started the game naively in an end-to-end affair. Up against an experienced Seongnam side they certainly were given a rude awakening on their return to the top division. The Yellows were without influential winger Willyan and set up in a 4-4-2 formation in a change from the 4-3-2-1 they were comfortable with last season. In truth Gwangju were too predictable and relied too heavily upon the creativity of Lee Eu-ddeum at left back.
What Do Gwangju Need To Do Now?
Heading to FC Seoul next weekend it may be wise for Park Jin-seop to return to his favoured system of last season, reverting to three central midfielders to offer more stability. They must not get disheartened that their first outing back in the top tier did not turn out has they would have liked and look to impressive performances on the road last season for inspiration.
Peter Hampshire
TAGS Gwangju K League 1


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New Click to see up to date H1-B filings from R SYSTEMS INC
36 Records, Median Salary $91,029
R SYSTEMS INC Median $91,029 36
SOFTWARE ENGINEER Median $91,029 36
SACRAMENTO Median $90,580 6 PHILADELPHIA Median $78,000 1 LOS ANGELES Median $88,000 1 EL DORADO HILLS Median $89,286 7 ARLINGTON HEIGHTS Median $100,000 1 MEMPHIS Median $102,000 1 PLEASANTON Median $90,000 1 SAN DIEGO Median $82,000 1 SUNNYVALE Median $99,000 3 DENVER Median $95,000 3 WOODRIDGE Median $90,000 4 SAN FRANCISCO Median $94,000 1 MELBOURNE Median $70,000 1 BELLEVUE Median $112,550 1 NASHVILLE Median $87,000 1 JERSEY CITY Median $88,000 1 SCOTTSDALE Median $85,000 1 LITTLETON Median $90,000 1
2018 Median $91,029 36
R SYSTEMS INC SOFTWARE ENGINEER $100,000 SACRAMENTO 09/10/2018 09/14/2018 CERTIFIED
R SYSTEMS INC SOFTWARE ENGINEER $78,000 PHILADELPHIA 08/28/2018 08/30/2018 CERTIFIED
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R SYSTEMS INC SOFTWARE ENGINEER $75,000 EL DORADO HILLS 08/09/2018 08/13/2018 CERTIFIED
R SYSTEMS INC SOFTWARE ENGINEER $100,000 ARLINGTON HEIGHTS 07/17/2018 07/20/2018 CERTIFIED
R SYSTEMS INC SOFTWARE ENGINEER $102,000 MEMPHIS 07/11/2018 07/16/2018 CERTIFIED
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R SYSTEMS INC SOFTWARE ENGINEER $82,000 SAN DIEGO 06/25/2018 07/02/2018 CERTIFIED
R SYSTEMS INC SOFTWARE ENGINEER $89,000 SUNNYVALE 06/18/2018 06/25/2018 CERTIFIED
R SYSTEMS INC SOFTWARE ENGINEER $112,000 SUNNYVALE 06/08/2018 06/11/2018 CERTIFIED
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The Essendon District Football League (EDFL) is a semi-professional Australian rules football league competition based in Essendon, Victoria, consisting of teams based in the north-west suburbs of Melbourne. Founded in 1930, the men's competition consists of three leagues: Premier Division, Division 1 and Division 2, with 10 clubs in the Premier Division and Division 1 nine in Division  2.

Promotion and relegation between these divisions occurs, with the lowest-placed clubs in the Premier Division and Division 1 being relegated at the end of each season. Clubs which win the Division 1 and Division 2 premierships are automatically promoted. Each men's team also fields a reserves side and an under-19 side that play a fixture mirroring that of the senior side.

Since 2017, the League has also run a competition for women's Australian rules football. In its inaugural year, this was a joint competition featuring teams from the EDFL as well as the Western Region Football League (WRFL). In 2018, 13 teams competed in a single division season, expanding to 19 teams and two divisions in 2019.

Clubs

Current

Notes
 ^ denotes that the club's most recent senior premiership was in Division 1 or the B Grade.
 + denotes that the club's most recent senior premiership was in Division 2 or the C Grade.
 1 Coburg Districts first entered the competition in 1981, before departing after the conclusion of the 1987 EDFL season. The club re-entered the competition from the 2013 EDFL season onwards.
 2 Keilor Park did not field a side in the 2018 EDFL season.
 3 East Sunbury did not field a side in the 2022 EDFL season.

Former

Premiers

EDFL Women's

History

In partnership with the Western Region Football League (WRFL), in 2016 the two leagues established the Western Region & Essendon District Women's Football League, an eleven-team open-age competition for women. Five EDFL clubs fielded teams in the competition – , , ,  and  – with  prevailing against WRFL side Manor Lakes in the grand final.

In 2018, the EDFL established its own Women's competition, consisting of 13 teams. Of those 13 teams, two came from outside of the League – the Ballarat Football League-side ; and , at the time competing in the Riddell District Football League. , despite competing in the 2017 joint competition, did not field a side, while  and  fielded a joint team under the Avondale Heights–Taylors Lakes moniker.

In 2019, the competition expanded to 19 teams and was split into two divisions – a 10-club Premier Division and a nine-club Division 1.  became the first team to field two sides, one in each division.

Clubs

Juniors matches
The juniors consist of: Under 8s, Under 10s, Under 14s, Under 16s and Under 18.5s. There are also youth girls teams in the junior divisions. There are eight junior divisions at this level and each team listed in the senior section has at least one junior team in divisions 1, 2 or 3 for each age group, however many clubs have more in divisions 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.

Junior Only Clubs

References

External links
 Official website
 EDFL Records and History at Full Points Footy

Australian rules football competitions in Victoria (Australia)
Sports leagues established in 1930
Essendon, Victoria


Now that spring is officially here and summer is right around the corner, people are spending more time outside enjoying the beautiful weather. Getting more sunshine is great for a boost of vitamin D, an improved mood and more energy, but it is not without its dangers.
Wear sunscreen: Seniors have sensitive skin and getting a sunburn can be very painful. Also, going in the sun unprotected puts people at risk for skin cancer. Before spending time outside, seniors should apply sunscreen with at least SPF 30, if not more to every part of their body that will be in the sun.
Dress appropriately: It's best for seniors to wear lighter colors and breathable fabrics when enjoying the sun's warmth. Older adults are at risk for heat stroke, so they can minimize these with the proper attire. A hat with a brim can also help shield their face and keep them cooler.
Stay hydrated: Being in the hot temperature makes people sweat, which causes the risk of dehydration to rise. To avoid this, make sure patients are continuing drinking water while outdoors.


IBEX Climbing Gym is looking to add Summer Staff to our team!
DO YOU HAVE EVENING AND WEEKEND AVAILABILITY?
Do you want to know more about climbing?!?!?
The primary responsibilities of this position are to assist with Summer Camp, belay for portable wall events, facilitate check-ins, membership purchases, basic safety checks (e.g., top-rope and lead belay tests), teach our Ropes and What-Knot belay class, and cleaning at IBEX. The ideal candidate will have customer service or retail work history as well as significant experience climbing in an indoor setting. Typically a 30 hr work week, 6 hrs per day, 5 days per week.
Email your resume and availability to info@climbibex.com or complete the application below.
Please check which days you are available to work.
List employment history for the past three years, beginning with the most recent. If you have more than three jobs to list, list the three most relevant.


The Computing Community Consortium (CCC), working with the NSF, is sponsoring a roadmap of AI research priorities for the next twenty years. This AI Research Roadmap is intended to provide guidance for US funding agencies and Congress. This activity is analogous to the 2009 Robotics Roadmap that led to the National Robotics Initiative, a multi-agency, multi-year investment by the US federal government. In this session, the chairs of the AI Research Roadmap roadmap will summarize the activities to date, and solicit feedback from the AAAI community.


Drug Trafficking Videos Archives - Law Offices of Keith Hirschorn P.C.
Often times clients are unsure of facts and circumstances surrounding their case, but they can identify which drug they are being charged for.
In NJ, arrest for distribution of any drug is a third degree felony.


Pakistan, as everyone knows is a creating nation and we are at the moment going through lots of challenges and points. Whereas drugs and nursing are vital for serving to and supporting folks once they fall sick, work in public health contributes to lowering the causes of ailing-well being and bettering folks's well being and wellbeing. ^ Milton Terris, "The Profession of Public Well being", Convention on Education, Coaching, and the Future of Public Health. The primary two years of the Harvard DrPH involve full-time, on-campus study as part of a collaborative cohort of roughly 25 students.
In an effort to adopt these practices, nonetheless, public health agencies and neighborhood companions usually need extra tools, strategies, and training to boost their capability to enhance well being outcomes. Nonetheless, for those that have been accepted to the 2 year programme, it's nonetheless attainable to graduate after one yr ought to one want to take action. The diploma will then be "Grasp of Science (60 credit).
Pakistan, as we all know is a creating country and we are at present going through lots of challenges and points. In addition to these areas of specialization, MPH students can focus their studies by means of considered one of our interdepartmental concentrations, or tailor their academic experience through one among our joint or on-line degree programs. Each cohort is made up of approximately 25 students, two-thirds of whom are usually Bay Space well being professionals trying to enhance their skills or individuals in one other field seeking to transition into a public health career.
Sure illnesses have their very own individual prevention methods that people ought to be effectively conscious of, and employing these techniques lessens the risk of being infected by doable illnesses. In Canada, the Public Well being Agency of Canada is the national company liable for public health, emergency preparedness and response, and infectious and power illness control and prevention.
You get pleasure from caring for our societies most vulnerable citizens and have devoted your life to the Public Well being System. This primary part of time period 1 lay a typical floor in relation to how public health science is defined, relevant conceptual models, social determinants of health, and human rights and well being. Most medical hospitals and clinics offer immunization or vaccine pictures in the course of the flu seasons, or when a general outbreak of hepatitis is going around, and a public health education ensures that more folks know to go to those amenities and avail of the remedy, thereby lessening the amount of unwell people.
Logo for the Mexican Social Safety Institute , a governmental company dealing with public health. Increase public consciousness and understanding of the determinants of well being, illness, and incapacity and the opportunities for progress. Finding out on the programme means an lively seek for data, drawback solving and critical analyses based mostly on a scientific strategy.