Many people don't care about the communities in which they live. I want to bring my area of Shiregreen back up to the vibrant place it should be, free of all fly-tippers.
By doing litter-picks and poster campaigns I want to change mind sets, as my local area has been ruined by people not caring about where they live.
I took part in a mass litter-pick around Concord Park and Woolley Woods, which has developed into a bit of a community eyesore. But we need to carry on and keep the good work going.
My long-term Fix is to cut the amount of fly-tipping and bring my local area back up to its former self.
I have lived in Shiregreen all my life and wanted to do something that would make a positive change for the area.
Doing something in the community is really uplifting and is something that I would like to carry on for the rest of my life.
I want people to stop fly-tipping and want to launch an on-going campaign around the issues surrounding it, perhaps through a poster campaign.
There is no point in cleaning it up for it just to be messed up again.
I was over the moon to be elected Youth Councillor for the Sheffield Youth Council and will be representing young people in my community assembly. Click here to read more.
I won a Green Finger Award at February's Shiregreen Community Awards, which celebrates inspiring young people who have made a difference to the local area.
I was nominated for a Shiregreen Community Award which recognises local people who are improving the community.
A story about my Fixers campaign was featured in the Sheffield Star. Click here to read the story.


text:
Q: Can't install Mercure for Symfony project I tried to follow the documentation for mercure and symfony found here but always encounter an error.
The first part :
>composer require mercure

Works with no issue but as soon as I try to do the second one, I always get the same error.
The second action:
> mercure --jwt-key='!ChangeMe!' --addr='localhost:3000' --allow-anonymous --cors-allowed-origins='*'

The error :
time="2020-12-08T17:35:14+01:00" level=info msg="Mercure started" addr="'localhost:3000'" protocol=http
time="2020-12-08T17:35:14+01:00" level=fatal msg="listen tcp: lookup tcp/3000': getaddrinfow: The specified class was not found."

I have never used Mercure before so I have no idea what to do... please help

A: If you work on windows, you must create a bat file like this (mercureScript.bat) :
set JWT_KEY=!ChangeMe!
set ADDR=localhost:3000
set ALLOW_ANONYMOUS=1
set CORS_ALLOWED_ORIGINS=*
.\mercure.exe

And just run : .\mercureScript.bat
Hoping it serves you !

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Motonav download milestone. A free PC- tool called Naviextras Toolbox is available on the Downloads page. The Motorola Droid ( GSM/ UMTS version: Motorola Milestone) is an Internet multimedia- enabled smartphone designed by Motorola which runs Google' s Android operating system. The Droid had been publicized under the codenames Sholes Tao the model number A855.
In Latin America in Mexico, Europe, the model number is A853 ( Milestone) the model number is A854 ( Motoroi). Once you connect your navigation device to your PC launch this tool, it will automatically scan your device for installed software maps.
Contact Motorola – India: Find below customer service, technical support details of Motorola in India, including phone and address. You can reach the below contact for queries on Motorola mobile phones, smartphones, tablets, accessories, cordless phones, home digital video, DSL modems, gateways, softwares or drivers.


The first of the stretching videos in this series is the Somatic Pelvic Tilt, one of the primary movements of Hanna Somatics. The movement mimics the natural stretch one automatically does in the morning.
Among the most ignored stretches are those for the hamstrings. I believe the reason for this is that too often static stretching techniques are used rather than a more effective technique like Active Isolated Stretching.
Tight hamstrings can exert a variety of different strain patterns in the body including strain on the lower back. Hamstring stretches are one of the most essential of all stretching exercises.
For many types of lower back pain, stretching the hip flexors is absolutely crucial. These muscles become short due to extended periods sitting at our desks or driving in the car. For a more in-depth discussion see my article about Iliopsoas Syndrome.
When short, the hip flexors can cause both direct pain, especially down the leg or into the groin, and also postural distortion which can lead to pain including lower back pain.
The gluteal muscles are another muscle group that can become tight and short from too much sitting. Potential symptoms of tight gluteal muscles include lower back pain and sciatica-like pain.
In addition, tight gluteal muscle can be the source of hip pain as a result of myofascial trigger points. Many of these problems can be relieved by regular, targeted stretching exercises.
Too often the quadriceps are ignored or are not performed thoroughly enough in stretching routines. This is mistake. Tight quads can responsible for aching in the hips and lower back.
The following is a 3-part sequence which comprehensively stretches this key muscle group.
Specific stretches and mobilization for the hip joints is an ideal complement to the gluteal stretches. These hip stretches will improve the overall range of motion of your hips and can help decrease hip pain.
I created the Full-Body Mobilizer because I wanted a thorough stretch my clients could do at work. This stretching sequence stretches the back, leg, and neck muscles using a fluid, repeated movement.
If you don't have time for a dedicated session of stretching it's still possible to perform highly effective stretches right at your desk.
The first of the stretching videos below targets the lower back. The second one targets the gluteal and piriformis muscles which are often the real problem when you're experiencing symptoms of sciatica.
I learned this sequence from 6-time Ironman champion, Mark Allen, with whom I took a training on the island of Crete, Greece. It targets the lower, middle, and upper abdominals while keeping the lower back very stable.
The mistake often made with ab workouts is to go too fast. As you'll notice below, the following movements are done with a slow and steady pace.


text:
Spirostreptus crassicornis är en mångfotingart som beskrevs av Jean-Henri Humbert och Henri Saussure 1870. Spirostreptus crassicornis ingår i släktet Spirostreptus och familjen Spirostreptidae. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Dubbelfotingar
crassicornis

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Events in Renfrewshire on 04 August 2019
View all the upcoming events in Renfrewshire on the 04 August 2019 below, or use the calendar to find events taking place on a specific month or date.
Events in Renfrewshire
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Events in Other Areas
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About What's On Renfrewshire
We pride ourselves on keeping you up to date on events in Renfrewshire taking place throughout the year. From the latest theatre events and live music performances to local activities and fantastic attractions, we keep you up to date daily!
© What's On Network 2011 - 2020 | Your essential guide to what's on in Renfrewshire!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home | Special Needs | Developing your school-based counselling
Developing your school-based counselling
Good mental and emotional wellbeing is vital if children and young people are to grow into emotionally healthy adults. But what happens when it suffers? Louise Kinnaird looks at the role of school-based counsellors.
string(43) "Promoting positive mental health in schools"
string(71) "https://www.teachingtimes.com/promoting-positive-mental-health-schools/"
string(220) "Schools are in the ideal position to catch and curb pupil anxieties before they develop into life-long mental health problems. But
what makes for effective mental health practice in
schools? Louise Kinnaird investigates."
string(482) "... and resilience. This includesboth universal approaches(such as developing skills forwellbeing or parental support)and targeted services forchildren and young peoplewith, or at risk of developing,behavioural difficulties oremotional problems, includingbehavioural support, school-based counselling and parentinginterventions.2. Address bullying. Bullying putschildren and young people atsignificant risk of developingmental health ..."
string(4) "full"
string(5681) "primarily affecting children with autism andthose with pervasive developmental disorders■ attachment disorders – e.g. children who aremarkedly distressed or socially impaired as a resultof an extremely abnormal pattern of attachment toparents or major caregivers■ other mental health problems including eatingdisorders, habit disorders, post- traumatic stresssyndromes, somatic disorders and psychoticdisorders – e.g. schizophrenia and manic depressivedisorder.The Children and Young People's Mental Health Coalition(CYPMHC) works with third sector organisations tocampaign on behalf of and with children and youngpeople to effect change in policy and practice thatwill improve their mental health and wellbeing. Theyare currently working with schools, and a paper waswritten to help schools understand the importanceof supporting their pupil's emotional and mentalwellbeing.7 It suggests that doing so is importantbecause:■ One in ten, or at least three young people in everyclass, has a behavioural or emotional difficulty.■ Almost half of young people with fewer than five A*to C grades at GCSE said they 'always' or 'often' feeldown or depressed, compared with 30 per cent ofyoung people who are more qualified.■ In an average classroom, ten young people willhave witnessed their parents separate, one will haveexperienced the death of a parent and seven willhave been bullied.29Vol 6.5School Leadership Todaywww.teachingtimes.comLeadingLearningMental health ■ One in four young people of secondary school age will have been severelyneglected, physically attacked or even sexually abused at some point in their lives.Furthermore, children with persistent conduct or emotional disorders are:■ more likely to be excluded from school■ less likely to engage with out-of-school programmes to help them manage theirbehaviour and improve literacy■ more likely to be assessed with special educational needs■ more likely to leave school without educational qualifications.The CYPMHC paper says that promoting the emotional and mental wellbeing of allyoung people, and providing effective support for those with behaviour and emotionaldifficulties will:■ help give pupils the skills to cope with the ups and downs of life, help themdevelop good relationships, and reach their full potential■ help make the school a healthier and safe environment■ help improve the academic attainment of all pupils.Mental health is gaining statusIt is increasingly recognised that schools need to promote positive mental healthin their pupils, and identify and address those with less severe problems at an earlystage and build their resilience. Indeed, the government has recently announcedthat treatment for mental health conditions will be brought into line with other NHSservices, offering £120 million to improve mental health services.Anna Feuchtwang, Chief Executive of NCB, said in response to this: 'Thisannouncement sends a clear message that mental health should be treated asseriously as physical health by the NHS…The peak onset of most mental healthconditions is between eight and 15 years, and young people tell us that having mentalhealth needs better addressed is one of the key improvements they most need.'A recent report from the NCB8 highlighted that suicide is a leading cause of deathin young people and suggested that many children who died from suicide had nothad any contact with mental health services – again highlighting the importance forschools to play the lead role in identifying potential health issues.30Vol 6.5School Leadership Todaywww.teachingtimes.comLeadingLearningMental health What can schools do?The Mental Health Strategy cited earlier9 sets out anapproach for improving mental health and wellbeing.For children and young people, the overall aims of theMental Health Strategy are to:■ improve the mental health and wellbeing of allchildren and young people and keep them well■ improve outcomes for children and young peoplewith mental health problems through high qualityservices that are equally accessible to all.A report by the Children and Young People's HealthOutcomes Forum says that schools and colleges play animportant role in relation to health and wellbeing, andreports that schools and colleges can:1. Have a 'whole school' approach to supportingall pupils' wellbeing and resilience. This includesboth universal approaches(such as developing skills forwellbeing or parental support)and targeted services forchildren and young peoplewith, or at risk of developing,behavioural difficulties oremotional problems, includingbehavioural support, school-based counselling and parentinginterventions.2. Address bullying. Bullying putschildren and young people atsignificant risk of developingmental health problems.3. Ensure staff are aware of howmental health relates to their work. Mental healthawareness can help staff identify signs of mentalill-health, understand the link between mental health,behaviour, attendance and attainment, and recognisewhen a child needs extra help.4. Make known the specialist mental health supportavailable. Ensure teachers are aware of the servicesoffered by local Child and Adolescent Mental HealthServices (CAMHS) and by the independent andvoluntary sector, and of how children, young peopleand their families can access them.5. Know when to intervene early to tackle mentalhealth problems. Proactively seek to identifychildren and young people with the risk factors for,or the early signs of, emotional and behaviouralproblems and intervene early by securing access"
string(10) "developing"
string(6) "school"
string(5) "based"
string(11) "counselling"
Promoting positive mental health in schools
string(36) "Introducing school-based counselling"
string(38) "Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties"
string(6) "Family"
string(9) "Inclusion"
string(13) "Mental Health"
string(12) "Safeguarding"
string(9) "Wellbeing"
string(62) "https://www.teachingtimes.com/ecj-55-school-based-counselling/"
string(127) "Karen Cromarty explains the role of counselling in schools and gives advice on how this vital service can be provided."
string(385) "... about why your school would benefit from a counsellor and what you want to achieve before embarking on the recruitment process.Realising potentialThe crux of school-based counselling is supporting young people to address their difficulties in a timely manner and prevent those difficulties from developing into more serious problems ..."
string(14) "Karen Cromarty"
string(5882) "Shotton HallThe Academy at Shotton Hall is in the ex-mining town of Peterlee, an area of high deprivation and unemployment, and the number of students at the school attracting the Pupil Premium is well above the national average.Their counsellor, Caroline Manners, started working full-time at Shotton Hall in February 2012 when it converted to an academy. She is employed directly by the school and is a vital member of their pastoral system which was judged 'outstanding' by Ofsted in July 2013.Caroline's experience at the school reflects the challenges involved in working with children who may have a turbulent home life and for whom being able to talk to a trusted adult in confidence is a vital source of comfort and support. She says: "The success of the service is it being embedded into school. I work very closely with school staff but without breaking the confidences of the young people I work with. The staff understand completely that their students learn most effectively when they feel emotionally well. They are fully supportive of counselling within the school and know that, although I can tell them how one of their students is doing generally, I won't divulge any detail." Val Bell, Head of Pastoral Care at Shotton Hall, says that the counselling service is held in high esteem throughout the school."Counselling is a central part of our 'supportive cushion' which reassures and cares for those who are most in need. Our learning managers use counselling strategically in their pursuit of a happy and successful year group and I'm 100 per cent sure that counselling greatly supports the wider aims of the school."What to look for in a counsellorSchool counsellors have specific training and qualifications. Many schools provide excellent pastoral support but in order to offer specialist counselling services to staff and pupils a specialist is needed. Using teachers or pastoral support staff to provide counselling is inappropriate and carries with it considerable risk for both the staff member involved and their young client.Clearly, appropriate training and expertise is paramount. A school counsellor should be a member of a relevant professional body which has an established ethical framework and complaints procedure. Therapeutic work with young people is complex; a colleague who belongs to a professional body will have expert support, advice and guidance when required. An ethical framework can provide a coherent structure for discussion, promote consistency, and provide a means for explaining reasons behind any decisions or actions taken.As a minimum, counsellors should have a diploma in counselling, be on an accredited register, and ideally hold accreditation with a professional body. Counsellors should also have 1.5 hours per month supervision. I would advise schools to choose a counsellor who is member of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). With over 42,000 members BACP is the largest professional body in the industry, and our members are bound by our highly regarded Ethical Framework for Good Practice in Counselling and Psychotherapy and subject to our Professional Conduct Procedure. Our Register has been accredited by the Professional Standards Authority (a Government body) which means that it meets their high standards in respect of governance, standard-setting, education and training, management, complaints and information.How to implement counselling in your primary schoolAs we learned earlier, many secondary schools in the UK already have an in-house counsellor, or access to an external counsellor. This is not the case in primary schools, with only around half of primary schools offering a similar service.3There are several options available to primary schools wishing to employ a counsellor, and although there is no "one size fits all" approach, what follows are commonly used models across the UK:a. Contract individual counsellors directlyb. Engage with a Local Authority team of counsellorsc. Contract a third party, in the voluntary sector for example d. Work with a cluster of local schools to employ a service that can be sharedOne model which I've noticed is particularly successful is for primary schools to work together with other primary schools and secondary schools in their catchment area to share counselling provision.While each school must choose a plan of action which is most appropriate to their situation, it's important to be clear about why your school would benefit from a counsellor and what you want to achieve before embarking on the recruitment process.Realising potentialThe crux of school-based counselling is supporting young people to address their difficulties in a timely manner and prevent those difficulties from developing into more serious problems later on.Some of the benefits of counselling to students are reflected in the responses given by the young clients of Caroline Manners' service at Shotton Hall. When asked the best thing about counselling they replied "being able to talk to someone about it besides family", "just talking to someone without being judged" and "it helped an awful lot and I was able to concentrate on school more".Children and young people have told us in their own words how counselling has benefitted them – now it's our turn to deliver the service they need.Karen Cromarty is Senior Lead Advisor for Children and Young People at the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy.ReferencesCounselling in schools: a blueprint for the future: Departmental"
string(9) "Behaviour"
string(18) "early intervention"
string(51) "school-based counselling"
string(16) "Social Wellbeing"
Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties
Introducing school-based counselling
string(24) ""I will not be bullied!""
string(10) "Resilience"
string(59) "https://www.teachingtimes.com/ecj-55-i-will-not-be-bullied/"
string(122) "Children need the tools and the confidence to stop being victims. Claude Knights of Kidscape, explains how to go about it."
string(349) "... as the problem. Even when this is done inadvertently it is very destructive and perpetuates anti-social behaviour, which affects the climate of the whole school.  The acknowledgement that there is bullying in every school and having a clear and concerted determination to challenge it vigorously in a consistent manner ..."
string(14) "Claude Knights"
string(4055) "six months after completing the programme.) "It has helped me to sort things not in a rude way. To act politely and to be assertive.""It has helped me to solve arguments without adults, to be more assertive rather than to be angry.""I'm taking part in more things. PACS helps you to grow more skills like co-operating and doing the right thing."The staff members in the participating schools were very positive about the impact of the programme:"It's given our pupils self-esteem and ways of working things out without being aggressive. They've worked through various scenarios and learnt different ways of responding to others. They are stepping back, thinking before acting and using their judgement. They really enjoyed the role plays. They are now less likely to take offence when someone says something to them."Over and above the delivery of programmes which equip children and young people with vital life skills, Kidscape promotes the importance of developing an effective anti-bullying ethos in schools and other organisations that work with children. The implementation of a strong anti-bullying policy is a key factor. This should be continually reinforced and supported by all staff members, pupils, parents and other stakeholders. It should cover all aspects of bullying including cyber, racist, homophobic and take account of all protected characteristics. Importantly it should be recognised that the different types of bullying don't work in isolation. A child who is threatened physically is also very likely to suffer from psychological effects and the aftermath of the verbal abuse that often accompanies such attacks. There should therefore be a variety of resources and strategies for teachers and staff to refer to so that individual situations and any special educational needs can be catered for. Many schools strive to create an ethos which emphasises that the welfare of all children and staff is paramount and provide an active listening ear in the form of face-to face peer support systems as well as online versions. Unfortunately too many parents still tell us that their child's school is in denial about bullying issues. Some institutions are concerned about reputational damage and prefer to place a great burden of proof on victims, and to label the target as the problem. Even when this is done inadvertently it is very destructive and perpetuates anti-social behaviour, which affects the climate of the whole school.  The acknowledgement that there is bullying in every school and having a clear and concerted determination to challenge it vigorously in a consistent manner are vital ingredients in the creation of a safe environment for both pupils and staff. A bully-proof school is one that has cultivated in the minds of its pupils an understanding that there are always consequences to actions and one that has developed effective sanctions that address specific issues, lead to new understandings, and prevent the repetition of hurtful behaviour. A sensitive and consistent discipline regime also works for the good of the bullies. Many studies show that children who bully others have a high chance of growing up as adults who engage in anti-social behaviour, and certainly bullying behaviour is symptomatic of dysfunctions in crucial areas of life. There are so many opportunities for schools to encourage the development of empathy, self-awareness and the learning of how to use power in positive ways. Most importantly schools have an obligation to provide a safe place to learn, and a child who is being intimidated or threatened is neither safe nor learning. The effective teaching and use of the Kidscape tools do much to break cycles of harmful behaviour. We have seen many successful outcomes, children who are safe, families working together, schools and communities united. Bullying is a timeless problem, but there are many creative solutions. Claude Knights is the CEO of Kidscape.https://www.kidscape.org.uk/"
string(22) "anti-bullying training"
string(8) "bullying"
string(32) "School support services"
string(19) "social disadvantage"
"I will not be bullied!"
string(50) "Identifying good mental health practice in schools"
string(70) "https://www.teachingtimes.com/identifying-good-mental-health-practice/"
string(220) "Schools are in the ideal position to catch and curb pupil anxieties before they develop into life-long mental health problems. But what makes for effective mental health practice in schools? Louise Kinnaird investigates."
string(443) "... This includes both universal approaches (such as developing skills for wellbeing orparental support) and targeted services for children and young people with, or at riskof developing, behavioural difficulties or emotional problems, including behaviouralsupport, school-based counselling and parenting interventions.2. Address bullying. Bullying puts children and young people at significant ..."
string(5685) "distressedor socially impaired as a result of an extremely abnormal pattern ofattachment to parents or major caregivershttps://www.gov.uk/government/collections/public-health-outcomes-frameworkwww.teachingtimes.com n Vol 5.1Mental health Every Child Journal57n other mental health problems including eating disorders, habit disorders, post-traumatic stress syndromes, somatic disorders and psychotic disorders – e.g.schizophrenia and manic depressive disorder.The Children & Young People's Mental Health Coalition (CYPMHC) works with third sectororganisations to campaign on behalf of and with children and young people to effectchange in policy and practice that will improve their mental health and wellbeing. Theyare currently working with schools, and a paper was written to help schools understandthe importance of supporting their pupils' emotional and mental wellbeing.7 It suggeststhat doing so is important because:n One in ten, or at least three young people in every class, has a behavioural oremotional difficulty.n Almost half of young people with fewer than five A* to C grades at GCSE said they'always' or 'often' feel down or depressed, compared with 30 per cent of young peoplewho are more qualified.n In an average classroom, ten young people will have witnessed their parents separate,one will have experienced the death of a parent and seven will have been bullied.n One in four young people of secondary school age will have been severely neglected,physically attacked or even sexually abused at some point in their lives.Furthermore, children with persistent conduct or emotional disorders are:n more likely to be excluded from schooln less likely to engage with out-of-school programmes to help them manage theirbehaviour and improve literacyn more likely to be identified as having special educational needsn more likely to leave school without educational qualifications.The CYPMHC paper says that promoting the emotional and mental wellbeing of allyoung people, and providing effective support for those with behaviour and emotionaldifficulties will:n help give pupils the skills to cope with the ups and downs of life, help them developgood relationships, and reach their full potentialn help make the school a healthier and safer environmentn help improve the academic attainment of all pupils.Mental health is gaining statusIt is increasingly recognised that schools need to promote positive mental health in theirpupils and identify and address those with less severe problems at an early stage andbuild their resilience. Indeed, the government has recently announced that treatment formental health conditions will be brought into line with other NHS services, offering £120million to improve mental health services.Anna Feuchtwang, Chief Executive of NCB, said in response to this: 'Thisannouncement sends a clear message that mental health should be treated as seriously asphysical health by the NHS…The peak onset of most mental health conditions is betweeneight and 15 years, and young people tell us that having mental health needs betteraddressed is one of the key improvements they most need.'A recent report from the NCB8 highlighted that suicide is a leading cause of death inyoung people and suggested that many children who died from suicide had not had anycontact with mental health services – again highlighting the importance for schools toplay the lead role in identifying potential health issues."The governmenthas recentlyannounced thattreatment formental healthconditions will bebrought into linewith other NHSservices, offering£120 million toimprove mentalhealth services."Vol 5.1 n www.teachingtimes.comMental healthEvery Child Journal58What can schools do?The mental health strategy cited earlier9 sets out an approach for improving mental healthand wellbeing. For children and young people, the overall aims of the mental healthstrategy are to:n improve the mental health and wellbeing of all children and young people and keepthem welln improve outcomes for children and young people with mental health problemsthrough high quality services that are equally accessible to all.A report by the Children and Young People's Health Outcomes Forum says that schoolsand colleges play an important role in relation to health and wellbeing, and reports thatschools and colleges can:1. Have a 'whole school' approach to supporting all pupils' wellbeing and resilience.This includes both universal approaches (such as developing skills for wellbeing orparental support) and targeted services for children and young people with, or at riskof developing, behavioural difficulties or emotional problems, including behaviouralsupport, school-based counselling and parenting interventions.2. Address bullying. Bullying puts children and young people at significant risk ofdeveloping mental health problems.3. Ensure staff are aware of how mental health relates to their work. Mental healthawareness can help staff identify signs of mental ill-health, understand the linkbetween mental health, behaviour, attendance and attainment, and recognise when achild needs extra help.4. Make known the specialist mental health support available. Ensure teachers areaware of the services offered by local Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services(CAMHS) and by the independent and voluntary sector, and of how children, youngpeople and their families can access them.www.teachingtimes.com n Vol 5.1Mental health Every Child Journal595. Know when to intervene early to tackle mental health problems. Proactivelyseek to identify"
Identifying good mental health practice in schools
A Little Robot Friend On The Desk Can Help Troubled Students Back To School
The Four Pillars of Support Missing For Children With Special Educational Needs During Covid -19
Disability Theatre Comes Of Age In Coventry's City Of Culture 2021
Identifying Special Educational Needs In The Early Years


text:
Robotic surgery systems are supposed to make surgical procedures less invasive and more precise, and to leave patients with quicker recovery times. Unfortunately, some systems, including the da Vinci Robotic Surgery system has left too many patients burned, injured, and even dead. Maker Intuitive Surgical is facing a number of lawsuits started by patients harmed by surgical complications or the loved ones of those who died after surgery. da Vinci Robotic Surgery lawsuits are only expected to increase and if you have been hurt by this surgical technology, you might want to consider adding your name to the list.
The Robotic Surgery System
Intuitive Surgical, headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, created the da Vinci system to improve surgical outcomes. The system is supposed to make more precise movements than a human surgeon can do with his or her hands. It is supposed to be less invasive than traditional surgery, reduce the number and severity of complications, and lessen the recovery time patients experience after surgery. It is also supposed to make surgeries less expensive because it reduces the number of personnel needed in the operating room.
The system works by using robotic arms and tools, operated remotely by the surgeon, to make incisions and perform surgical procedures. There are two main components to the system: the cart with four robotic arms sits right next to the patient on the operating table. The console is typically in the operating room as well, with a surgeon using it to direct the robotic arms. Through the console the surgeon gets a high-definition, three-dimensional view of the surgical area and through the arms of the robot can make very precise movements.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have approved the da Vinci system for use in a number of different types of surgical procedures. These include tumor and gallbladder removals, heart surgeries, prostatectomies, and hip replacements. The system is also often used for gynecological surgeries like tubal ligations and hysterectomies.
Complications and Injuries
Although the robotic system is supposed to make surgery safer for patients, there have been a lot of complications that would not have happened in traditional surgeries. These complications have had serious consequences for some patients, and have even caused fatalities. It is because of these incidents that there are several da Vinci Robotic Surgery lawsuits going through the court system.
One major concern with the robotic system is that it requires longer surgical times. This means that patients must stay under anesthesia longer and that carries risks. One of the general risks of any surgery is a bad reaction to anesthesia. The longer a patients stays under, the greater the risk for complications and reactions, such as breathing difficulties.
Many patients have reported being burned by the da Vinci robot. The machine has been found to malfunction and cause sparks, which have burned patients on the operating table. It has also been blamed for heating up organs and causing damage to them. In some cases these heat and burn injuries were not discovered right away. If they had, the patient could have been spared more damage and harm.
Some of the most disturbing reports, which have spurred some of the lawsuits, include cases of excessive bleeding during and after surgery. There have been cases in which the robot accidentally cut a main artery and caused massive bleeding. In other cases, patients experienced serious internal bleeding and scarring after surgery. There have also been reports of serious infections and damaged organs because of the robotic system.
Cost vs Risks
There have been many criticisms of the da Vinci system from experts and surgeons. In addition to the dangers that have been reported, there is the high cost. One system costs around $2 million, which seriously limits access to it. Many are questioning whether this high cost is worth the risks of complications that come with the surgical robot.
Evidence from research seems to prove that there is good reason to doubt the value of such an expensive machine. One study found that the complications after hysterectomy surgery were no less common or severe with the da Vinci system when compared to traditional surgeries. There is also evidence that surgeons using the system have not been adequately trained and that this may lead to more complications.
Unethical Marketing
In spite of the risks and the possible complications, Intuitive has engaged in aggressive marketing to sell its pricey robotic surgical system. These marketing strategies have been called into question. One issue is that the company has been accused of pushing the system on doctors who are not trained well enough to use it. One study found that a doctor needed to conduct about 200 surgeries before being qualified to operate the da Vinci system without supervision.
Emails between sales representatives and other people inside Intuitive have shown that they pushed the machine on untrained doctors. In one case a sales representative told hospital administrators and doctors that requiring a surgeon to have five practice surgeries before being allowed to use the machine unsupervised was too high. This is in sharp contrast to the study that found doctors need hundreds of supervised surgeries to be adequately trained. This negligence in sales and marketing could help plaintiffs in lawsuits against the company make their cases.
FDA Warnings
Intuitive has been issued warnings by the FDA regarding the da Vinci system, and these warnings may lend credibility to the lawsuits pending. The problems with the system that the FDA listed in its warnings included instructions that were incorrect regarding system accessories and inspections and tip covers that injured patients. The agency also warned the company against marketing the machine for certain procedures that the FDA did not consider it safe for, including certain pediatric procedures and thyroid surgeries.
da Vinci Lawsuits
Several patients who suffered complications from da Vinci surgery have filed lawsuits against Intuitive. There have even been suits filed by the loved ones of patients who died during or after a surgery. In one case a young woman died from internal bleeding and her father filed a lawsuit claiming it was the robotic surgery system that caused the bleeding and her death. The surgery should have been a routine hysterectomy.
In another suit a woman claims that she also suffered serious injury after what should have been a routine gynecological surgery. She was having tissue removed because of endometriosis and claims that the da Vinci system tore her colon and rectum. This required multiple corrective surgeries, but she also now lives with permanent damage that could not be corrected.
Many people are awaiting settlements and decisions from their da Vinci lawsuits, but one woman at least has received a monetary settlement for her pain and suffering. Michelle Zarick received more than $10 million in early 2016 for injuries caused by a da Vinci-operated hysterectomy, although the specific terms of the settlement have not been made public. Her case was only the second to go against da Vinci, but several more are still pending.
If you have been injured during a da Vinci robotic surgical procedure, you can join the list of pending lawsuits and seek the financial compensation you need to overcome your health problems and emotional suffering. Consult with a lawyer to find out what step to take next.
http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/09/new-concerns-on-robotic-surgeries/?_r=1
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/26/health/salesmen-in-the-surgical-suite.html?pagewanted=all&mtrref=undefined&gwh=6E4F1AC7E5A50E4C8229D6BD7CAD5CB4&gwt=pay
http://www.aboutlawsuits.com/wp-content/uploads/2014-03-12-Starr-Complaint.pdf
http://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-care/electrical-burns-may-burst-surgical-robots-bubble-f6C10321766
http://www.fda.gov/ICECI/EnforcementActions/WarningLetters/2013/ucm363260.htm
http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/25/questions-about-a-robotic-surgery/?_r=0
http://www.mercurynews.com/bay-area-news/ci_29791334/intuitive-surgical-settles-robot-arm-litigation


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Six Senses Uluwatu
$$$RCA 2019
Astounding clifftop wellness outpost at the island's hottest surf spot, from an early-adopting champion of sustainability.
Uluwatu, Bali, Indonesia
A wellness retreat that gets it just right
Helpful, if over-eager
Fresh and surprising
Stylish and sustainable
Alex Postman
Set the scene.
Teetering at the edge of the earth, well, a high clifftop overlooking the Indian Ocean on Bali's southern coast. The views arrive in three stages. After the topmost lobby—basically a patio en plein air with startling vistas of ocean and surrounding cliffs—a vertiginously steep road is navigated by buggy to the second lobby. Behind this lies the pool (all three of them), the blue swath of water merging with sky and clouds. Peer over the side and you'll see the rugged surf crashing on the beach hundreds of feet below.
What's the story?
Six Senses has long been on a mission to champion sustainability and wellness. Uluwatu opened in mid-to-late 2018, and is the only hotel in Bali with a Certificate of Sustainability: It composts food, bottles its own water, and recycles grey water; its terraces are landscaped with indigenous plants and villas built almost entirely of sustainably farmed timber. There's also an organic kitchen garden which supplies many of the ingredients, as well as an organic mushroom hut and beehive.
What can we expect from our room?
Inspired by traditional village homes, with carved wooden doors leading to a small courtyard and a ceremonial altar. Ours was a two-bedroom villa about halfway down the hill, with bamboo-weave rugs and contemporary-style furniture covered in fabrics that reflect the shifting ocean light—yellow, white, blue, grey. Mini-bars are stocked with arak, the local spirit distilled from coconut palms, and Balinese coffee. Bathrooms have egg-shaped tubs with a view, and an indoor-outdoor river-stone-floored rain shower. They're easy to dawdle in—especially given that each has its own plunge pool on a private deck. Aside from villas, the entry-level rooms in the main building are a great alternative, with a similar design aesthetic but even better views.
How about the food and drink?
The main restaurant, Rocka, serves the kind of healthy breakfast that's become standard in Bali with, count them, 21 types of juices that detoxify and energize, and seriously good French press coffee. For dinner, there are modern takes on Indonesian classics, such as lawars (veg, coconut, minced meat) and nasis (rice dishes). But Crudo has something totally different: Nikkei-style food, created by Japanese immigrants to Brazil, served both raw and grilled over an open fire. This style of cooking would seem entirely out of place, except, as Mexican chef Ricardo Luján explains, Indonesia has great raw materials for this sort of food, from excellent fish to spicy peppers. After a chipotle margarita and a Sambal on the rocks with arak, you might be served Peruvian-style ceviche with sea bass and coriander, pork belly tacos, and steamed coconut buns.
And the spa?
Given that Bali is itself a destination for health-seekers, this is the Six Senses playing its A-game. Massages, scrubs, and wraps are inspired by Balinese traditions, using herbs grown in the organic garden. If you're staying a few days, consider the Integrated Wellness Screening, a signature holistic measurement of key bio-markers that the team uses to create an individual program. There's also a lovely air-conditioned glass yoga pavilion with harnesses for aerial yoga, which isn't too hard to pick up as a newbie. You can also pick up a few moves in selat, a local kung-fu, which is taught here.
Anything to say about the service?
The vast majority of staff are Balinese, many from the surrounding villages. All are extremely friendly and solicitous, if a little over-eager.
Who comes here?
Hard-core wellness seekers and those just looking for a holiday in the sun.
What's the surrounding area like?
Uluwatu is legendary in surfing circles—Rip Curl holds annual championships on the breaks beyond the yellow-sand beaches, and smart hotels such as Alila Villas and the Bulgari have been opening in response. Six Senses is more isolated than the others, though you can easily get to, say, Pedang-Pedang Beach, to drink Bintang beer while watching the surfers. Uluwatu Temple, where crowds come to watch the sun set behind the cliffs, is also close, as is the enormous (unfinished) new Garuda Statue, Bali's icon of greatness and unity, that's already taller than the Statue of Liberty.
Is there anything you'd change?
The roads up and down are steep—so steep, in fact, that they can be challenging for someone with any walking impairments to negotiate, and downright hair-raising on a loaded cart.
Anything we missed?
The kids' club is characteristically focused on mindfulness—no electronics allowed. Children can participate in an Earth Lab to learn planting and recycling. Equally appealing to kids and adults is Cinema Paradiso, which screens movies outdoors, watched via wireless headsets.
Is it worth it—and why?
Those who are down for a serious wellness program will especially enjoy it. And the views are incredible.
Got the skinny on this place? Let our editors know!
The island riding an eternal wave
Four Seasons Resort Bali at Sayan
Mandapa, a Ritz-Carlton Reserve
Alila Villas Uluwatu
Conrad Bali


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The site is free to use and the web site code is available under an open source license.
Any donations will go towards paying for the server costs and, should they be sufficiently large, would allow me to use more time for developing the site.
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Home › Sports › Cardinals hold off Beloit Memorial ›
Cardinals hold off Beloit Memorial
Submitted by MTT News on Fri, 01/10/2020 - 11:14
Rob Reischel
Parker Van Buren and Middleton's boys basketball team held off Beloit Memorial last Saturday./Times-Tribune photo by Mary Langenfeld
In many ways, this was the best of both worlds.
Middleton's boys basketball team edged host Beloit Memorial, 58-56, in a Big Eight Conference game last Saturday. The Cardinals improved to 3-3 overall and 2-2 in the league.
After a frenetic finish, though, in which Middleton nearly let a 12-point lead slip away in the final minutes, Cardinals coach Kevin Bavery had several teachable moments to bring back with him to practice this week.
"The tape doesn't lie," Bavery said. "We left the gym feeling good about the win, yet a little empty trying to figure out why we couldn't close the game out in solid fashion.
"Then we see missed free throw blockouts, quick shots when running time and getting to the free throw line are more important, panicking in traps, and so on. We're still inexperienced with our veterans and have younger players in the mix too, and we're only six games in the second week of January. So, we should have a lot of growth in those aspects of the game."
The Cardinals played extremely well much of the night and prevailed in one of the league's toughest venues.
Senior wing Henry Patterson had a strong all-around game for the Cardinals with a team-high 16 points, six rebounds and three assists. Senior guard Cole Deptula had 14 points, five rebounds and three assists, while senior center Parker Van Buren added 12 points.
"(Assistant) coach (Jerry) Raffel always says, 'anytime you travel to Beloit and leave town with a win it's a great trip,' " Bavery said. "That's understandable as Barkin Arena is one of the neatest, and sometimes most intimidating, venues in the state.
"It's such a great place to play with the old-school style balcony. They're able to dim the lights to focus all the attention to the court, and their teams are always a tough out at every level."
Middleton led, 25-17, at halftime and extended its advantage to double digits for much of the second half. Patterson, Deptula and Logan Schultz all drained three-pointers to give the Cardinals what appeared to be a comfortable second half lead.
"We definitely have the ability to throw it in from deep, but our time and score game has to get better," Bavery said. "It's just recognition and repetition of when it's a good look, when we need ball reversal, and when it need inside touches. When we get a nice mix we can be pretty solid on the offense end."
Middleton's lead was 12 in the final minutes when the Purple Knights mounted a charge. And when Azeez Ganiyu, who scored a career-high 31 points, converted a put-back basket with two seconds left, the Cardinals' lead was trimmed to 58-56.
That's when craziness ensued.
A fight broke out in the stands and BMHS athletic director Joel Beard cleared the gym. According to the Beloit Daily News, the altercation began between middle school students located in the stands across from the Beloit Memorial bench.
Middleton went to its locker room and was drawing up a final inbound play. That's when Bavery and his team were informed the game was called off and the Cardinals had won.
"Never seen anything like it," Bavery said. "We weren't sure what kind of altercation was going on, but nowadays there is no such thing as being too cautious, so it was a good call by the Beloit AD to end the game."
Beard told the Beloit Daily News: "In the interest of player and fan safety, I made the call to clear the court and call the game at that point. I was across the floor and didn't see exactly what happened, but I wanted to make sure that we got the players off the floor and got the situation under control."
Beloit Memorial coach Dondre Bell was upset that the game was stopped prematurely.
"I wasn't happy at all the way the game ended," Bell said. "It's not over 'til it's over. With the ball on our baseline, anything could have happened at that point. The boys played really hard. They deserved to finish."
While the ending was crazy, Middleton left Beloit feeling pretty good about where it might be headed.
"We have some scorers starting to emerge, and those players are starting to do more of the little things that make a difference," Bavery said. "And I'm really proud of several of our guys who come of the bench, whether in long stretches or short stints, and to coin a simple phrase, 'do their job.'
"Hustle, keep the ball alive off the offensive boards, make the extra pass, get on the floor, etc. Those efforts are contagious and energizing. We have a long ways to go, but we have a chance to be a solid team if we keep trending up in all those areas."
• On deck: Middleton hosted Janesville Parker Tuesday, then is at Janesville Craig Friday at 7:15 p.m.
The Cardinals then host Waunakee Saturday at 5:45 p.m. in a unique boys-girls doubleheader. Middleton's girls follow with a game against Madison La Follette at 7:15 p.m.
"It's our Youth Basketball Night, so it's a pretty cool opportunity for players and coaches from our youth programs come to see both teams play," Bavery said. "We should have free team posters and summer flyers available, and we hope to see the stands filled."
Middleton 58, Beloit Memorial 56
Middleton ………………… 25 33 — 58
Beloit Memorial ………… 17 39 — 56
MIDDLETON (fg ft-fta pts) — Bauer 3 2-4 9, Deptula 5 2-4 14, Patterson 5 4-7 16, Schultz 2 0-1 5, Van Buren 5 2-5 12, Fosdick 1 0-0 2. Totals 21 10-21 58.
BELOIT MEMORIAL — Hanna 3 0-4 6, Bell 5 0-0 10, Garrett 3 0-2 6, Chandler 1 0-0 2, Boyd 2 1-1 5, Ganiyu 9 9-13 31, Harris 0 0-0 0. Totals 23 10-20 56.
3-point goals: Mid 6 (Deptula 2, Patterson 2, Schultz 1, Bauer 1); BM 0. Total fouls: Mid 18; BM 23. Fouled out: Van Buren, Harris.
Middleton storms past Craig
Swimmers 5th at Marquette Invite
Gymnasts shine at Mount Horeb Invite
MHS girls roll at holiday tournament


Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Government Medical College & Hospital , Chandigarh, India.
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a frightening and frustrating symptom for the patient as well as the physician. Prognosis is affected by multiple factors including duration of hearing loss, presence of associated vertigo and tinnitus, and co-morbidities such as hypertension and diabetes.
Forty subjects presenting to our department with features of sudden hearing loss were included in the study. Detailed otological history and examination, serial audiometric findings and course of disease were studied.
Subjects presenting late (in older age), having associated vertigo, hypertension and diabetes had a significantly lower rate of recovery.
Only 60–65% of patients experiencing SSNHL recover within a period of 1 month; this rate is further affected by presence of multiple prognostic indicators.
1. Megighian D, Bolzan M, Barion U, Nicolai P. Epidemological considerations in sudden hearing loss: a study of 183 cases. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1986; 243(4):250–3.
2. Karlberg M, Halmagyi GM, Buttner U, Yavor RA. Sudden unilateral hearing loss with simultaneous ipsilateral posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surgery 2000; 126(8):1024–9.
3. Fetterman BL, Saunders JE, Luxford WM. Prognosis and treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Am J Otol 1996;17(4):529–36.
4. Mattox DE, Simmons FB. Natural history of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1977;86(4):463–80.
5. Conlin AE, Parnes LS. Treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, II: a meta-analysis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007; 133(6):582–6.
6. Conlin AE, Parnes LS. Treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, I: a systematic review. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007; 133(6):573–81.
7. Fetterman BL, Saunders JE, Luxford WM. Prognosis and treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Am J Otol 1996; 17(4):529–36.
8. Haynes DS, O'Malley M, Cohen S, Watford K, Labadie RF. Intratympanic dexamethasone for sudden sensorineural hearing loss after failure of systemic therapy. Laryngoscope 2007; 117(1): 3–15.
9. Wei BP, Mubiru S, O'Leary S. Steroids for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(1).
10. Byl F. Sudden hearing loss: Eight Year's experience and suggested prognostic table. Laryngoscope 1984;94(5):647–66.
11. Harada H, Kato T. Prognosis for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a retrospective study using logistic regression analysis. Int Tinn J 2005; 11(2):115-18.
12. Hughes GB, Freedman MA, Haberkamp TJ, Guay ME. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 1996;29(3):393–405.
13. Zadeh MH, Storper IS, Spitzer JB. Diagnosis and treatment of sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss: a study of 51 patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003; 128(1):92–98.


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Keanapuka Mountain is a mountain located on the Hawaiian Island of Kauai. It rises 4,000 ft above the ocean floor and is located near the border of Na Pali Coast State Park. Due to its location, the mountain receives intense amounts of rain.

Mountains of Hawaii


Hus, J. and Geeraerts, R. (1998). The direction of geomagnetic field in Belgium since Roman times and the reliability of archeomagnetic dating. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 23: 997-1,007. doi: 10.1016/S0079-1946(98)00133-5.


Our online shop is now open, we have a range of Handmade Craft items made by Druí from Celtic Druid Temple. Also available are Printed organic cotton T shirts and organic cotton bags. Gift Certificates available too. You can see more in our shop here.


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Greenpeace Accounts for 2004
August 30, 2005 By jennifer
I was surprised to read The Melbourne's Age newspaper describe Greenpeace as an 'eco-fascist concern':
Multinational stunt outfit Greenpeace Australia Pacific saw its supporter base decline and fund- raising costs blow out in calendar 2004. Accounts just to hand for the eco- fascist concern show that a bigger slice of its fund-raising efforts was swallowed up by costs, to wit, 36per cent compared with 31 per cent previously.
… keeping reading here, http://www.theage.com.au/news/business/some-red-among-the-green-as-costs-rise/2005/08/01/1122748581956.html .
Phillip Done says
Yep fair cop – but also in The Age on diddly deals…
http://www.theage.com.au/news/tim-colebatch/the-greenhouse-challenge/2005/08/01/1122748574824.html
Is there nobody we can trust !
rog says
OK, remove politics from trade, same as remove religion from politics, let trade run free from the corrupting political influence.
Would you support that Phildo?
Free trade? No tariffs? No kickbacks?
Freedom of speech, freedom of association, freedom of religion, freedom of race, freedom of movement etc
Might mean the end of Europe, could you live with that?
via John Ray
1. Greenpeace have advised that "planned developments will lead to the damage or loss of between 33-42 percent of Brazil's remaining Amazon forest."
2. In 2000 alone, more than four million acres of rainforest in the Brazilian Amazon were lost to illegal and destructive logging, mining, industrial agricultural plantations and other human industries such as road building.
3. Despite alleged heavy clearing of "frontier forest" 772,200 square miles of forest remain in Brazil.
4. WWF confirm the area as being 4.1 million square kilometers.
This would mean that some according to Greenpeace between 1.35 and 1.72 million square kilometres are to be cleared.
WWF also advise that "each year 1.8 million hectares of forests are destroyed in the Amazon, more than any other forest on earth. Recent figures show that more than 23,000 square kilometres of the Amazon forest
Rog – well if there are more rainforests today than 12,000 years ago … well there mustn't have been a lot 12,000 years ago – there's lots of dairy cows in eastern Australia grazing on ex-rainforest land. Brazil's lowland forest has been razed for agriculture. Do we think logging in Borneo is well managed ? Are you saying that we have as much rainforest today as we did in 1900 ?
Yes phil, I agree with all that you say, we can have 'our forest' and a productive timber industry.
http://www.greenspirit.com/printable.cfm?msid=30
Phil Done says
So we haven't lost 30% of the world's tropical forests in the last 100 years – with most in the last 50 ?


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Slice Labs and Munich Re Partner to Launch Insurance for the Sharing Economy
Slice, working with Munich Re's venture company Digital Partners, will implement the first on-demand product in the United States.
Anthony R. O'Donnell // July 12, 2016
(Lyft drivers are among the customers for Slice Lab insurance products. Photo credit: Praiselightmedia.)
Slice Labs Inc. (New York), an insurtech startup that has created a platform to sell on-demand insurance products to participants in the sharing economy, is partnering with Munich Re (Munich) to launch products into the global market. Slice is working with Digital Partners, Munich Re's global venture firm.
Tim Attia, CEO, Slice Labs.
The two companies have agreed to an ongoing rollout program of products and territories with Slice supplying the technology platform to deliver the new on-demand products directly to the customer, according to a Slice souce. Slice's products are aimed at participants in the sharing economy who tend to be private individuals who operate as commercial entities for a defined period. Slice will also handle service and processing of claims. The Slice platform will include automated underwriting rules agreed upon by Munich Re. The two companies are currently working together to implement Slice's first product in the United States.
"We are thrilled and honored to have partnered with Munich Re; not only is Munich Re's A+ rating impressive, its progressive, digital strategy in the insurtech space is extremely appealing, and fits well with our goals and vision," comments Tim Attia, CEO, Slice. "As we launch and expand we will rely on Munich Re's global expertise to support our expansion."
Reimagining Insurance for the On-Demand Economy
Andrew Rear, Chief Executive of Digital Partners, Munich Re, describes his company Digital Partners as a new Munich Re global venture designed to partner with disruptors who are changing the way insurance is experienced by customers. "We are looking forward to helping Slice reimagine and redesign insurance to support the on-demand economy," he comments.
Slice Platform Makes Direct Insurance Sales Play to the On-Demand Economy


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Shades of Soul explores the sophisticated side of Northern Soul with a smooth collection of soulful recordings that have, over time, become known as "Crossover"; a bridge between Northern Soul & Philly disco. Here we have perennial dancefloor favourites from Gene Townsel, Johnny Adams, Eddie Billups and Jackey Beavers plus more recent reactivations such as "I've Just Got To Tell Somebody" by Gloria Lynne thanks to DJ Richard Searling. We also feature the rarest of the rare courtesy of Point Of View, The Harmonics & Gerald Taylor. Sixteen mid & uptempo grooves that showcase the crossover from Northern to Modern Soul.
printedmatterbookshop June 20, 2019 Uncategorized
This first edition of Shades of Soul is presented on 180g heavyweight audiophile vinyl in single sleeve packaging complete with liner notes and Club Soul insert. Shades of Soul joins a growing catalogue of premium music on the Club Soul imprint – including newly compiled LPs that celebrate the clubs of the original Northern Soul Scene – The Scene Club, The Twisted Wheel, Wigan Casino and The Catacombs.
Music, Northern Soul, Soul, vinyl, vinyl revival
Previous Combined here are the explosive talents of R&B & Soul music history featuring such legends as Joe Simon, Nina Simone, Bobby Adams, Grover Mitchell & Eddie Banks with his Five Dreamers. Back To The Beat bursts into action with a mighty fine slice of Tennessee soul courtesy of happy-go-lucky Herbert Hunter, a top-off that defines THE BEAT & is the first of two sides from Ted Jarrett's Poncello imprint, the second being Ricky Rezell's storming 'What You Bet'. The pace is relentless, as the heavyweights of rhythm & soul power through the set that pairs Northern Soul favourites Dean Barlow & the Profiles alongside the ferocious Bertha Tillman, Big Boy Myles and Mary Johnson. Dale Cunningham closes proceedings with the rarest of the original 45s, the big-money 'Too Young'. The Legend of Northern Soul Continues.
Next In June 2017, a man took a photograph up Gina Martin's skirt at a music festival. The police told her that this was not a sexual offence; the man would not be charged. The law had let Gina down, and her first reaction was resignation. It's too big, too scary, too complicated for someone like me to challenge this. I can't do it. But something inside her had snapped. Gina was tired of accepting sexual harassment as a fact of life. Eighteen months later, she had changed the law and made upskirting a criminal offence. Now Gina wants to empower you with the tools and the courage to challenge injustice and fight for change. Whether it's in your school, workplace or community, or even on a global scale, Gina's practical and inspiring advice will ensure your voice is heard and your actions make an impact.


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Effects primarily fruit and vegetables
EU approves 'settlement products' labeling for Israel
Products coming from Israeli factories in the West Bank, East Jerusalem. Gaza, and the Golan Heights will be labeled as 'settlement products'; Foreign Ministry summons EU ambassador to receive reprimand.
The European Union's executive approved on Wednesday new guidelines for labeling products from Jewish settlements in the West Bank, East Jerusalem, Gaza and the Golan Heights, a move that has already been criticized by Israel as "discriminatory" and damaging to peace efforts with the Palestinians.The European Commission "adopted this morning the Interpretative Notice on indication of origin of goods from the territories occupied by Israel since June 1967," said an EU official.
Israel responded with a declaration that the government will suspend a series of ongoing meetings with the European Union.
The guidelines determine that merely labeling products as "Product from the Golan Heights" or "Product from the West Bank" would not suffice, and the label must also include the words "Israeli settlement" in brackets. If an Israeli farmer refuses, a retail outlet can do so, as the European Commission has sufficient information about where goods come from.
Effects on fruit and vegetables
The measure will primarily cover fruit and vegetables from the area. The labeling should affect less than 1 percent of all trade between the EU and Israel, which stands at some 30 billion euros ($32 billion), including 13 billion euros ($14 billion) Israeli exports into the bloc.
Israel's Economy Ministry estimates the impact will be about $50 million a year, affecting fresh produce such as grapes and dates, wine, poultry, honey, olive oil and cosmetics.
That is around a fifth of the $200-$300 million worth of goods produced in settlements each year, but a drop in the ocean next to the $32 billion of goods and services Israel exports to the EU annually, a third of all its exports.
Industrial goods, including processed food, are not subject to mandatory labelling under EU law, but can be voluntary.
'Product labeling doesn't advance peace'
Israeli officials were briefed ahead of the decision and some suggested it was anti-Semitic.
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu called it "hypocritical" and indicative of a double standard. "The EU has decided to label only Israel, and we are not prepared to accept the fact that Europe is labeling the side that is being attacked by terrorism," said Netanyahu. "The Israeli economy is strong and will withstand this; those who will be hurt will be those Palestinians who work in Israeli factories. The EU should be ashamed."
The EU does not recognize the legitimacy of Israel's presence in the West Bank, Gaza, East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights, territories captured by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War. As such, goods from there cannot be labelled "Made in Israel" and should be labelled as coming from settlements, which the EU considers illegal under international law.
Gaza seems to be included despite the fact that Israel has no presence in the Strip anymore. Officials in Israel point to the inclusion of Gaza as an indication the decision is in fact political in nature, and meant to show that in the eyes of the EU, Israel's occupation of the Gaza Strip has not ended because of the blockade imposed over the Palestinian enclave.
EU Vice-President Valdis Dombrovskis insisted the measure was "a technical issue, not a political stance."
He said the guidelines had to be taken after three member states - Britain, Belgium and Denmark - already had imposed special labeling on their own, forcing the EU to streamline measures throughout the 28 nations.
"The EU does not support in any form a boycott or sanctions against Israel," he said, insisting that Israeli products from within the internationally recognized borders still benefit from EU preferential tariff treatment.
EU officials have said that in Britain, where the labelling is already in place, it has had no negative economic effect. Also, for over a decade now, the EU has excluded products from settlements from trade preferences.
Two elements of the EU decision have particularly enraged Israeli officials. They see the measures as an effective boycott of Israel and say other cases of long-standing occupation, such as Morocco's seizure of Western Sahara, are not treated in the same way.
The EU dismisses the suggestion of a boycott, pointing out that it is not telling consumers what not to buy. Those who do not want to buy Israeli settlement goods probably already avoid them, and those that support the settlements may now more actively seek out settlement produce.
The question of a double-standard is harder for the EU, which has struggled with the question of Western Sahara in the past. When it comes to goods from northern Cyprus, seized by Turkey in 1974, the EU calls it "an internal issue."
Israel's ambassador to the European Union, David Walzer, warned it could make difficult peace talks between Israel and the Palestinians harder and the EU might no longer be a welcome broker.
"Israel condemns the decision of the European Union to label Israeli products originating from areas that are under Israeli control since 1967. We regret that the EU has chosen, for political reasons, to take such an exceptional and discriminatory step, inspired by the boycott movement, particularly at this time, when Israel is confronting a wave of terrorism targeting any and all of its citizens," the Foreign Ministry said in a statement.
"It is puzzling and even irritating that the EU chooses to apply a double standard concerning Israel, while ignoring that there are over 200 other territorial disputes worldwide, including those occurring within the EU or on its doorstep. The claim that this is a technical matter is cynical and baseless," the ministry went on to say.
Israel worked hard to delay the publication of the guidelines, both by lobbying EU states directly, and by lobbying the US government so that it might put pressure on the EU. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has even contacted a number of European leaders in the past few days, claiming that the labeling of products would be immoral.
Since 2004, Israeli settlement products have not benefited from trade preferences to the European Union, while for all countries the EU has agricultural legislation that requires labeling of the origin of fruit, vegetables and honey.
Publication date: Tue 17 Nov 2015
Author: Sander Bruins Slot
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MONTREAL, Quebec — It's still possible to visit 1,000 Quebec communities and never see an evangelical church — a staggering fact that Canadian church planting leaders face as they gather momentum for the Send Montreal church planting effort.
Baptist leaders from Canada and the United States met to discuss plans for "Send Montreal" in mid-April in the first of many local/regional gatherings to convene around the church planting strategy "Send North America," an initiative of the North American Mission Board (NAMB) being launched this year.
John Mark Clifton, right, a former Montreal church planter and pastor in Kansas City, Mo., talks about a strategy for mobilizing Southern Baptist churches to partner with Montreal church planters Francois Verschelden, center, and Ron Young.
Send Montreal coalition members set a goal of starting 225 churches in Montreal and other communities in Quebec by 2020, which would include 199 French-speaking churches.
The coalition assigned two church planters, Quebec native Francois Verschelden, pastor of Connexion in Montreal, and Ron Young, pastor of Renaissance Bible Church in Rawdon, the task of designating 25 initial locations for new works in the province.
The group also gave priority to identifying key people and churches in Canada and the United States who can join the team in planting, partnering and sending.
Particularly in the Montreal metropolitan area, the unchurched population exceeds 99 percent of its 3.2 million people. But the secularization of Quebec, whose citizens ousted the dominant Catholic rule and replaced it with a resistance to organized religion in the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s, has extended to all outlying areas.
With a population of nearly 6 million (Quebec's total population is 7.3 million), the French-speaking Quebecois are considered the largest unreached people group in North America. They also could be among the hardest to reach, but they're the key to the province.
"If we are going to reach Quebec, then we have to reach the vast majority, which is French-speaking," Verschelden said.
The Montreal cityscape of Old World Catholic architecture and modern structures sprawls toward the Fleuve Saint Laurent. Once a Catholic stronghold, Montreal has become a socialist, secular metro region with distinct Quebecois culture of refinement and lostness.
A general aversion to organized religion and a disinterest in anything that isn't French Quebecois has made church planting efforts an uphill struggle for Southern Baptists and other evangelical groups.
The hardness of the Quebecois spiritual soil has at times removed it from the purview of many evangelicals who've opted rather to plant English-speaking churches.
As NAMB gears up to launch Send North America at the Southern Baptist Convention in June, Toronto and Vancouver will join Montreal as areas of special need with a priority of uncovering indigenous leadership and mobilizing churches to partner with church planters through these key Canadian metropolitan areas.
In addition to Verschelden, Young, Taillon and Christopherson, the Send Montreal gathering included Peter Blackaby, a CNBC mobilization catalyst; Jacques Avakian, a national missionary with NAMB; John Mark Clifton, a former Montreal church planter and pastor of Wornall Road Baptist Church in Kansas City, Mo.; and Mark Hobafcovich, a member of NAMB's multi-ethnic team.


text:
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<title>Uses of Class dollar.api.Type (Dollar Core - API for writing dynamic Java 0.4.5195 API)</title>
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Uses of Class
dollar.api.Type

Packages that use Type

Package
Description

dollar.api

dollar.api.script

dollar.api.types

dollar.api.types.prediction

Uses of Type in dollar.api

Fields in dollar.api declared as Type

Modifier and Type
Field
Description

static @NotNull Type
Type._ANY

The constant ANY.

static @NotNull Type
Type._BLOCK

static @NotNull Type
Type._BOOLEAN

The constant BOOLEAN.

static @NotNull Type
Type._DATE

The constant DATE.

static @NotNull Type
Type._DECIMAL

The constant DECIMAL.

static @NotNull Type
Type._ERROR

The constant ERROR.

static @NotNull Type
Type._INFINITY

The constant INFINITY.

static @NotNull Type
Type._INTEGER

The constant INTEGER.

static @NotNull Type
Type._LIST

The constant LIST.

static @NotNull Type
Type._MAP

The constant MAP.

static @NotNull Type
Type._QUEUE

static @NotNull Type
Type._RANGE

The constant RANGE.

static @NotNull Type
Type._SEQUENCE

The constant STRING.

static @NotNull Type
Type._STRING

The constant STRING.

static @NotNull Type
Type._URI

The constant URI.

static @NotNull Type
Type._VOID

The constant VOID.

Methods in dollar.api that return Type

Modifier and Type
Method
Description

@NotNull Type
Value.$type()

Returns the definitive type of this object, this will trigger execution in dynamic values.

static @NotNull Type
Type.of(@NotNull Value name)

Create a Type from a Value

static @NotNull Type
Type.of(@NotNull String name)

Create a Type from a string

@Nullable Type
TypePrediction.probableType()

The most likely type based on the evidence supplied.

default @NotNull Type
Value.type()

Deprecated.

Methods in dollar.api that return types with arguments of type Type

Modifier and Type
Method
Description

@NotNull Set<Type>
TypePrediction.types()

All possible types.

Methods in dollar.api with parameters of type Type

Modifier and Type
Method
Description

@NotNull Value
Value.$as(@NotNull Type type)

Cast this object to the Type specified.

static @NotNull Value
DollarStatic.$null(@NotNull Type type)

boolean
Type.canBe(@NotNull Type type)

boolean
Type.is(@Nullable Type t)

boolean
Value.is(@NotNull Type... types)

Returns true if this object is of any of the supplied types.

@NotNull Double
TypePrediction.probability(@NotNull Type type)

Probability of this type being correct (0.0 - 1.0).

Constructors in dollar.api with parameters of type Type

Constructor
Description

Type(@NotNull Type type,
    @Nullable SubType subType)

Type(@NotNull Type type,
    @Nullable String constraint)

Instantiates a new Type.

Uses of Type in dollar.api.script

Methods in dollar.api.script with parameters of type Type

Modifier and Type
Method
Description

void
TypeLearner.learn(@NotNull String name,
     @NotNull Source source,
     @NotNull List<Value> inputs,
     @NotNull Type type)

Uses of Type in dollar.api.types

Methods in dollar.api.types that return Type

Modifier and Type
Method
Description

@NotNull Type
DollarBlockCollection.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarBoolean.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarDate.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarDecimal.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarError.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarInfinity.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarInteger.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarList.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarMap.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarNull.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarQueue.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarRange.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarSequence.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarString.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarURI.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarVoid.$type()

@NotNull Type
DollarWrapper.$type()

Methods in dollar.api.types with parameters of type Type

Modifier and Type
Method
Description

@NotNull Value
DollarBlockCollection.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarBoolean.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarDate.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarDecimal.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarInfinity.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarInteger.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarList.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarMap.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarNull.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarQueue.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarRange.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarSequence.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarString.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarURI.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarVoid.$as(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Value
DollarWrapper.$as(@NotNull Type type)

boolean
DollarBlockCollection.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarBoolean.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarDate.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarDecimal.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarError.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarInfinity.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarInteger.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarList.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarMap.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarNull.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarQueue.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarRange.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarSequence.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarString.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarURI.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarVoid.is(@NotNull Type... types)

boolean
DollarWrapper.is(@NotNull Type... types)

static @NotNull Value
DollarFactory.newNull(@NotNull Type type,
       com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList<Throwable>... errors)

Constructors in dollar.api.types with parameters of type Type

Constructor
Description

DollarNull(@NotNull com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList<Throwable> errors,
          @NotNull Type type)

DollarNull(@NotNull Type type)

Uses of Type in dollar.api.types.prediction

Methods in dollar.api.types.prediction that return Type

Modifier and Type
Method
Description

@Nullable Type
CountBasedTypePrediction.probableType()

Type
SingleValueTypePrediction.probableType()

Methods in dollar.api.types.prediction that return types with arguments of type Type

Modifier and Type
Method
Description

@NotNull Set<Type>
CountBasedTypePrediction.types()

@NotNull Set<Type>
SingleValueTypePrediction.types()

Methods in dollar.api.types.prediction with parameters of type Type

Modifier and Type
Method
Description

void
CountBasedTypePrediction.addCount(@NotNull Type type,
        long l)

long
CountBasedTypePrediction.getCount(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Double
CountBasedTypePrediction.probability(@NotNull Type type)

@NotNull Double
SingleValueTypePrediction.probability(@NotNull Type type)

Constructors in dollar.api.types.prediction with parameters of type Type

Constructor
Description

SingleValueTypePrediction(@NotNull Type type)

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text:
Jean Sellars Hamlett
Woody Funeral Home Huguenot Chapel
Jean Harper Sellars Hamlett, 95, of Richmond, died on January 15, 2023. She was born in Richmond, VA on December 15, 1927 to Charles Bruce Harper and Mae Ryland Harper. In addition to her parents, she was preceded in death by her two loving husbands, Allen Sellars and Carson Hamlett Jr.; her brother, Charles B. Harper Jr.; and her four sisters: Mildred Harper, Bruce Heisler, Frances Harper, and Sue Schumann. She is survived by her children: Bruce Sellars (Susanne) of Roanoke, VA; Nancy Hughart (Randy) of Greensboro, NC; Sarah Barbour (Mark) of Kingsport, TN; seven grandchildren: Samantha Leigh Ehlers, Ben Sellars, Kelsey Houston (Tommy), Will Barbour, Coleman Fairburn (Emma), Owen Barbour (Samantha), and Sam Barbour; and great- grandchildren: Anna Ehlers and Grace Houston. Jean graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School and Westhampton College. After her marriage to Allen Sellars, they lived in Fayetteville, AR, Charleston, WV, and Roanoke, VA, returning to Richmond in 1976. Jean led a very active life. She was a member of Bon Air Presbyterian Church where she served as an elder and circle coordinator. She was an active member of the Commonwealth Chapter of NSDAR, a member of the Tuckahoe Woman's Club, and a volunteer for many years at the Richmond Home for Ladies (Covenant Woods). She loved to do handwork, including smocking and sewing clothes for her family. Her other favorite things to do were shopping, working in her flower garden, taking water aerobic classes, and spending time at the beach with family. A funeral service will be held at 10am on Friday, January 20 at Bon Air Presbyterian Church, 9201 W Huguenot Rd, Richmond, VA 23235. Interment will follow at 1pm at Forest Lawn Cemetery, 4000 Pilots Ln, Richmond, VA 23222. The family extends a heartfelt thank you to the nurses and staff at Lakewood Retirement Community. In lieu of flowers, memorials may be made to Bon Air Presbyterian Church.
In Memory Of Jean Sellars Hamlett
Committal Service


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Every country these days has bad air pollution. Cities are usually worse than rural areas. China is famous for terrible air pollution but they are trying to be better. Here are the top countries for air pollution.
1.The World Bank says Pakistan's air pollution is the most severe in the world.
The harm caused by air pollution in Pakistan's urban areas exceeds most other high-profile causes of mortality in the country, including traffic-related accidents. Declining government attention to air quality leads to weak implementation of environmental policies.
2. Air pollution in Qatar vastly exceeds safe limits and is damaging the health of the population. It can be explained in part to the country's building boom, vehicle exhausts, smelting plants and the burning of organic materials.
3. Along with all the other problems, walking the streets of Kabul is a health risk. Thick columns of smoke from ovens and factories and bumper-to-bumper vehicles producing harmful gases create various types of respiratory disease. No city in Afghanistan has a proper and technical management of solid waste. They are dumping waste in valleys and open fields, which is extremely dangerous not only in polluting the air, but also for underwater pollution. Three to five thousand people a year die of air pollution related illnesses In Afghanistan.
4. Air pollution kills fifteen thousand Bangladeshis a year according to the World Bank. Large numbers of children, street children, local street-walkers, and rickshaw pullers in Bangladesh are at particular risk from this air pollution. According to this report, there are two major sources of air pollution in Bangladesh, vehicular emissions, and industrial emissions. These are mainly concentrated in the cities. Dhaka is one of the most densely populated cities in the world, with an estimated population of more than 8 million. Air pollution has emerged as an acute problem in the city. Blackening of the city air and reduced visibility can be observed at times.
5. There is a black cloud over Cairo, Egypt. The smog is caused by farmers piling up rice straw and burning it, because they lack the means to transfer the rice straw from their fields to recycling centres. Millions of cars prowl the traffic-clogged streets, while a thousand factories belch smoke into the air. On a bad day, the smog in Cairo and the Delta cities is unbearable.
6. The United Arab Emirates has air that is a bit worse than China and twice as bad as India. Cement manufacturing, power generation, desalination and cars all add to its pollution. But one of the biggest contributors in the region is dust made of sand, kicked up by construction or windstorms. The combination is lethal.
7. Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia is the world's coldest capital. One third of the people live below the poverty line and burn coal for warmth. The toxic fumes make air pollution worse than Beijing. Children and old people are affected the worst but the government does not see it as a priority.
8. India's cities are consistently ranked among the world's worst polluted cities. Sometimes the air quality numbers are worse than the highest number in the world pollution index. More than 2.5 million premature deaths in India last year were attributed to air pollution. Crop burning, diesel fuel, dust, wild fires and coal all contribute to the increasingly polluted air.
9. Bahrain is another unhealthy country for breathing. Diesel car exhausts , factory fumes and dust storms contribute to particles in the lungs. It is a wealthy country and not heavily populated and should be doing more to correct this.
10. The pollution from Katmandu floats toward the Himalayas. Nepal has become one of the worst countries for air pollution due to car emissions, brush fires, burn farming, brick kilns, and cooking stoves. The black carbon emissions are affecting the nearby glaciers in the Himalayas which affects the water supply for that region.
Other countries with high levels of air pollution include Ghana, Jordan, China, Senegal, Turkey Bulgaria, Mauritius, Peru and Serbia .
This entry was posted in Environment, travel and tagged Afghanistan, Air Pollution, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Beijing, Cairo, China.Mongolia, Dhaka, Egypt, Himalayas, India, Kabul, Katmandu, Nepal, Pakistan, Qatar, Ulaanbaater, United Arab Emirates, world bank by jaynezak. Bookmark the permalink.


The AS1 is an amazingly affordable active subwoofer from the top end brand, B&W. Of course at $250 MSRP, you have to manage your expectations. It doesn't have a big woofer driver (its only 6.5″), has 85W power output and simple controls. And by simple, there is only a volume level knob, a power on/off button and a switch to alternate between "music" or "movie" listening mode. This simplicity is not without merits though. Its compact size, medium sized woofer, simple adjustment does make this subwoofer very easy to assimilate into any system and room (preferably small to medium size). And it actually does sound very good and effective in such a setup. When we paired with our small Mission MS-5 monitor speakers, the AS1 did add some deep end to an otherwise "weak" bass energy from the MS-5 and transforming them into a pseudo "three way speaker". All we needed to do was just adjust the bass level on the AS1 to balance it out with the MS-5s. The AS1 is rated to operate between 27Hz – 100Hz. That is a pretty impressive number when you consider it only sells for $250. No wonder it has garnered many positive reviews.
Cosmetically, the AS1 looks good. Some scuff marks here and there but it doesn't look all that bad. The subwoofer was part of a B&W setup at a dealer's showroom where it was paired with a pair of FPM-4 speakers (also for sale in a separate listing). We don't have the original box but will securely pack this for safe shipping.


text:
A Fungal Arrestin Protein Contributes to Cell Cycle Progression and PathogenesisShow full item record
A Fungal Arrestin Protein Contributes to Cell Cycle Progression and Pathogenesis
Telzrow, Calla L.; Nichols, Connie B.; Castro-Lopez, Natalia; Wormley, Floyd L.; Alspaugh, J. Andrew
Arrestins, a structurally specialized and functionally diverse group of proteins, are central regulators of adaptive cellular responses in eukaryotes. Previous studies on fungal arrestins have demonstrated their capacity to modulate diverse cellular processes through their adaptor functions, facilitating the localization and function of other proteins. However, the mechanisms by which arrestin-regulated processes are involved in fungal virulence remain unexplored. We have identified a small family of four arrestins, Ali1, Ali2, Ali3, and Ali4, in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Using complementary microscopy, proteomic, and reverse genetics techniques, we have defined a role for Ali1 as a novel contributor to cytokinesis, a fundamental cell cycle-associated process. We observed that Ali1 strongly interacts with proteins involved in lipid synthesis, and that ali1-delta mutant phenotypes are rescued by supplementation with lipid precursors that are used to build cellular membranes. From these data, we hypothesize that Ali1 contributes to cytokinesis by serving as an adaptor protein, facilitating the localization of enzymes that modify the plasma membrane during cell division, specifically the fatty acid synthases Fas1 and Fas2. Finally, we assessed the contributions of the C. neoformans arrestin family to virulence to better understand the mechanisms by which arrestin-regulated adaptive cellular responses influence fungal infection. We observed that the C. neoformans arrestin family contributes to virulence, and that the individual arrestin proteins likely fulfill distinct functions that are important for disease progression. Importance: To survive under unpredictable conditions, all organisms must adapt to stressors by regulating adaptive cellular responses. Arrestin proteins are conserved regulators of adaptive cellular responses in eukaryotes. Studies that have been limited to mammals and model fungi have demonstrated that the disruption of arrestin-regulated pathways is detrimental for viability. The human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans causes more than 180,000 infection-related deaths annually, especially among immunocompromised patients. In addition to being genetically tractable, C. neoformans has a small arrestin family of four members, lending itself to a comprehensive characterization of its arrestin family. This study serves as a functional analysis of arrestins in a pathogen, particularly in the context of fungal fitness and virulence. We investigate the functions of one arrestin protein, Ali1, and define its novel contributions to cytokinesis. We additionally explore the virulence contributions of the C. neoformans arrestin family and find that they contribute to disease establishment and progression.
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02682-19
https://mbio.asm.org/content/10/6/e02682-19
antifungal therapy
Ras signaling
content.pdf
Research Publications [671]
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/