text:
Stormwater Utility
A Stormwater Utility is to stormwater what a sewer utility is to sewage, and a water utility is to drinking water. It is a "stand-alone" service unit within the County government, which generates revenues through fees for service. A stormwater utility is responsible for funding the operation, construction and maintenance of stormwater management devices, for stormwater system planning, and management. A stormwater utility generates its revenue through user fees and the revenues from the stormwater charges will go into a separate fund that may only be used for stormwater services.
On January 18, 2005, the Board of County Commissioners approved a stormwater utility ordinance, which established a flat stormwater fee for developed residential and non-residential parcels. The stormwater utility fee will be billed annually starting with the 2006 tax roll as a non-ad valorem charge on the Bay County Property Tax Bill, and will be collected through the County Tax Collectors Office.
Ordinance 05-01 (PDF)
Problems With Stormwater
Every time it rains, the rainwater that is not absorbed into the ground or evaporated (called runoff) carries contaminants from lawns, streets, buildings and parking lots and deposits them directly into our tributaries and bays. Better pollution control and treatment is needed to reduce the amount of contamination flowing into our local bodies of water.
The relatively flat terrain of Bay County and the large areas of wetlands and areas with a high water-table combine to present unique challenges for managing our frequent and sometimes intense rainfall events. However, the goal is to manage our stormwater runoff so that no water is present in structures, roadways remain free of flooding in accordance with their designed level of service and that yards and drainage systems return to normal within 72 hours.
Stormwater Management has been funded in the past through property taxes and other general fund revenues. Many projects were deferred to pay for more critical operations such as police and fire. However, what one pays for stormwater management should be related to what is actually passed off the parcel into the County's stormwater system, not the value of the property from which it came.
How much is the fee?
What is a Qualified Senior Citizen Exemption?
What is a Disabled Veterans Exemption?
What is a Disabled Person Exemption?
What is a Community Cemetery?
What is a developed Property?
How is developed residential parcels defined?
What is a Florida Department of Revenue Land Use Type?
What if the information regarding my parcel type is incorrect and therefore am billed incorrectly in the tax bill in November? How do I get it corrected?
How will the Stormwater Utility Fee be billed?
How much money will the County collect from the stormwater charge?
What period of time does the stormwater charge cover and when will the stormwater charge be payable?
I don't pay taxes now due to homestead exemption. Will I have to pay the stormwater charge?
I received a discount for early payment of my taxes. Will I receive the same discount for my stormwater charge?
I currently claim a deduction for property taxes on my income tax return each year; can I claim a deduction for this stormwater charge?
I have a tenant in my house. Should the tenant pay the stormwater charge or will I have to pay it as the property owner?
Is the accompanying notice a bill?
If a property is considered high and dry, why is it charged?
How will problems such as street flooding be solved?
Is growth and new development the cause of all of these problems?
Drainage Connection Permit
Erosion Control from Construction Sites
Illicit Discharge
Preventing Stormwater Pollution


Convert number: 929 in Roman numerals, how to write?
CMXXIX is a group of numerals in additive and subtractive notation.
How to convert the Arabic number 929?
Explanations below. 928 = ? ... 930 = ?
How to write the Arabic number using Roman numerals: 929?
928 = ? ... 930 = ?


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Minneapolis Man Charged With Stalking 11-Year-Old Girl
Filed Under:Hennepin County Attorney's Office, Mohamed Hassan Ali, Stalking
MINNEAPOLIS (WCCO) — A Minneapolis man is facing a stalking charge for allegedly following and touching an 11-year-old girl, the Hennepin County Attorney's Office said Friday.
Mohamed Hassan Ali, 54, is charged with one count of stalking a victim under 18.
Mohamed Hassan Ali (credit: Hennepin County)
According to the criminal complaint, the 11-year-old was walking a short distance from her home to a corner store at 17th and 2nd Street Northeast on Monday when she realized she was being closely followed by Ali.
The man reportedly grabbed the victim's shoulder and neck area.
According to the complaint, a witness driving saw the 11-year-old trying to get away from Ali and stopped his car to tell the man to leave the girl alone.
Officials say Ali continued to closely follow and touch the girl.
The witness then called 911 and followed Ali and the young girl. Meanwhile, authorities say the 11-year-old called her mom in tears telling her that a man was following her and that she was afraid, the complaint said. The witness stayed with the girl and her mother until police arrived.
Officials say Ali left the scene but was later apprehended nearby.
According to the complaint, the man was positively identified by the girl and the witness.
Ali is currently in custody.
CrimeWatchMpls (@CrimeWatchMpls) says:
Nice of you to catch up. 1. You're welcome. 2. He's not in custody.
Andrew Keller says:
According to sharia law he did nothing wrong
CTTV15@Hotmail.com says:
So… You brought Ali over from the hell-hole of Somalia, or somewhere in the East African insane asylum, where this BEHAVIOR is NORMAL, and where the average IQ is 68 in Somalia – Yes I sad 68 – and you (WE) expected that during the plane ride over here, he was going to gain 20 IQ points in the process, and leave his barbaric 'cult'ure and remarkably sick BEHAVIOR PATTERN behind.
This is why he kept following the little girl, even after he was confronted. He said to himself most likely…'Problem'? I don't see a problem'.. She was, after all, female, and over the age of 7 or 8.. .
Ali's defense will be that he A… has mental problems.. and B…she should not have been walking alone, in his presence.
Think I am kidding? Read their 'BOOK'..
John Michael Welsh says:
Obama import.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


M37 wiring harnes Along with park assist the pack throws in a class iv hitch seven pin harness and pre wiring for a trailer brake as well as a small military trailer filled to the brim with dodge m37 drivetrain In t.s.b. M37 issued on nov. 19 dodges parent company replacing the upper coolant hose the replacement hose contains a new temperature sensor and fitting a wiring harness for the new sensor The affected vehicles are equipped with an accessory trailer hitch wiring harness that due to a malfunction of the tow hitch module may result in the trailer brake lights being constantly.
M37 wiring harnes I myself had sat in the car with richard countless times and he had a 5 point safety harness that he wore all the time all the time it would be the first thing he did without a reminder. I find it A towing package adds a class iv tow hitch system and a 7 pin wiring harness and a mobile entertainment package adds a front mounted dvd player with an 8 inch ceiling mounted monitor. The 2010 The affected vehicles may be equipped with an accessory trailer hitch wiring harness that due to a malfunction of the tow hitch module may result in the trailer brake lights being constantly.
M37 wiring harnes Graco says it will notify owners who are registered owners of the car seats. Dealers will provide consumers with a replacement harness free of charge. The recall is expected to begin july 17 2017. Automobile offers a rich and varied examination of the automotive universe in all its forms delivered by our stable of first class editors and freelance contributors and illustrated with vibrant.
It's possible to get or download caterpillar-wiring diagram from several websites. If you take a close look at the diagram you will observe the circuit includes the battery, relay, temperature sensor, wire, and a control, normally the engine control module. With an extensive collection of electronic symbols and components, it's been used among the most completed, easy and useful wiring diagram drawing program. M37 Wiring Harnes. The wiring diagram on the opposite hand is particularly beneficial to an outside electrician. Sometimes wiring diagram may also refer to the architectural wiring program. The simplest approach to read a home wiring diagram is to begin at the source, or the major power supply. Basically, the home wiring diagram is simply utilized to reveal the DIYer where the wires are.
In a parallel circuit, each unit is directly linked to the power supply, so each system gets the exact voltage. There are 3 basic sorts of standard light switches. The circuit needs to be checked with a volt tester whatsoever points. M37 Wiring Harnes. Each circuit displays a distinctive voltage condition. You are able to easily step up the voltage to the necessary level utilizing an inexpensive buck-boost transformer and steer clear of such issues. The voltage is the sum of electrical power produced by the battery. Be sure that the new fuse isn't blown, and carries the very same amperage.
The control box may have over three terminals. After you have the correct size box and have fed the cable to it, you're almost prepared to permit the wiring begin. Then there's also a fuse box that's for the body controls that is situated under the dash. M37 Wiring Harnes. You will find that every circuit has to have a load and every load has to have a power side and a ground side. Make certain that the transformer nameplate power is enough to supply the load that you're connecting.


Google has quietly launched YouTube Brandcast, a site which gives brands insight into how to best reach their audience on the video sharing site.
Just a few weeks after announcing an ad sponsorship model for brands to target their audience through specific packages relating to original content shared on YouTube, it would seem that Google wants to make it easier for brands to find the right YouTube fit for them.
The site consists of three sections. The first provides access to all of YouTube's original content channels divided into categories, including animation, comedy, music and more.
The second provides information on YouTube's audience. Divided into sections including teens, males, females and adults, it appears you can take a look at the packages geared towards a specific audience – however access to this section has yet to go live.
Google does already provide a little bit of information on what kind of content appeals to each audience bracket. Targeting teens? This audience package "reaches the 'Social & Stylish' teen audience with programming that's entertaining and fun." Targeting men aged 18 to 34? The package consists of entertainment, comedy, sci-fi, sports and more.
The final section, Marketer Resources, is yet to be filled with content but we suspect it will feature tips and tricks on how to reach your audience on YouTube, with content shared on Google+ and YouTube itself. Google will also be providing additional research on request.
The YouTube sponsorship model has been in the works since last November, but it is only recently that Google has really started to get the ball rolling on the service, starting with brands including Chrysler, AT&T and Lowes.
The company also recently rolled out Google Adwords for Video offering its users more targeted advertising options on YouTube.
YouTube Brandcast will be officially unveiled on May 2, at a private Digital Content NewFronts event in New York.


text:
Education, Government & Nonprofits
Grocery & Specialty Foods
Salons, Spas & Stylists
Home & Property Services
Landscaping & Pool
Pet Grooming & Boarding
Pet Stores & Supplies
Training & Other Services
Financial Pros
Media & Electronics
Tech Services & Science
Hardware & Software Engineers
IT & Admin Services
Articles By Product
Websites + Marketing Ecommerce
HTTP vs. HTTPS: The great migration
Sean Loiselle July 25, 2018
Protect your info
Editor's note: This HTTP vs. HTTPS article was originally published on October 25, 2016, and was updated on July 25, 2018.
Cybersecurity has spent the last few years emerging from a relative obscurity to a topic grabbing worldwide headlines. But despite internet security's growing importance, a lot of folks are unaware of what they can do to make a difference. A lot of those people, I'd bet, don't know about the differences between HTTP vs. HTTPS and how it lets anyone with a website make the internet a safer place for everyone.
If you're a little fuzzy on the difference, we'll help you understand what this is and why you should care. If you're someone who owns a website, we've got all of the information you need to move to HTTPS right now (and it's easier than you think).
HTTP vs. HTTPS: What's the difference?
The first thing to understand is that HTTP is just a technical way of talking about how websites load in your web browser. When you're on a website, the website's sent to your computer using HTTP. When you send information back to the website, for example to log in to it, your computer also communicates with the website using HTTP.
However, during that transfer, the data is visible to anyone on your network. If you've ever watched a movie that features hackers (either nefarious or noble), it's easy to imagine that exposing any kind of data can be really problematic. This is where the secure version of HTTP, known as HTTPS, comes in.
HTTPS scrambles (also known as encryption) communication between your computer and the website.
However, both your computer and the website have a secret code that lets them unscramble (or decrypt) the HTTPS information. To anyone else on the network trying to eavesdrop on the conversation, though, the communication just looks like a garbled, unintelligible mess. Hackers, at this point, are totally thwarted.
If you're already convinced that you need HTTPS for your website, we'll give you a spoiler: All you need to make this happen is an SSL certificate.
The sad, vulnerable state of HTTP
Armed with a sense of what HTTPS does, let's look at the kinds of problems it actually solves. According to a spokesperson from Mozilla (makers of Firefox, an incredibly popular open-source browser), "There are reports of major attacks that HTTPS mitigates a few times a year." Our friends at Mozilla provided us a quick list of what they were aware of (you might recognize some of these names):
AT&T and Verizon were both caught tracking customers' browsing habits … without their consent.
China Telecom and China Unicom both injected malware into users' computers on HTTP connections.
Chinese authorities launched attacks to bring down websites by exploiting non-HTTPS security issues.
Airtel of India spied on The Pirate Bay's users by abusing (you guessed it) an insecure HTTP connection.
Let that soak in for a moment. Some major cybersecurity issues involving huge technology companies can be seen as little more than a problem of HTTP vs. HTTPS.
Each of these compromises could've been mostly (or totally) mitigated by more widespread adoption of HTTPS.
Photo: Patrick Denker via VisualHunt / CC BY
On top of that, companies in the U.S. alone lost more than $3 billion in online fraud, some of which is almost certainly attributable to attackers gathering data from insecure connections.
As attackers (and less scrupulous companies) become more sophisticated, these kinds of issues are likely to become more commonplace and/or harder to detect. So much like you keep your front door locked just in case, it's becoming wiser and wiser to do the same thing for your website's data.
And to sweeten the deal, leading technology companies are already incentivizing the move from HTTP to HTTPS.
Mozilla and Apple love HTTPS
The internet is one of those inventions that has changed the world dramatically, and big technology companies are trying to be careful stewards of it. Given the issues with HTTP we covered in the last section, it's no wonder so many household names are independently undergoing efforts to entice, coerce, and cajole everyone to move to HTTPS as quickly as possible.
Mozilla: Requiring HTTPS for full support
Mozilla intends to stop supporting some features of websites that don't use HTTPS. If that sounds dramatic, hearing Mozilla's belief in the importance of security casts the decision in a different light. They explained the decision to me as:
"We support HTTPS because security on the web is a core part of our mission …
Rather than targeting specific issues, HTTPS establishes general rules that keep users safe on the web. It ensures that their communications with websites are kept private, and it ensures that the website the user gets is really what the server sent.
Without HTTPS, none of this is guaranteed … billions of people use the web in ways that are critical for their lives, attackers can exploit non-secure sites to cause real damage. We can't afford to have a non-secure web any more."
As part of building a safer web, Mozilla's disabling persistent access to visitors' webcams and microphones for non-HTTPS websites. Users will have to explicitly allow the connection every single time.
Apple: In-app links must use HTTPS
Apple, for its part, is requiring all apps link only to sites via HTTPS by the end of 2016. A strong stance that signals Apple understands the value of security on the internet.
This means that for an app (any app) to link to your site, you should support an HTTPS connection.
Google now requires HTTPS
Google has encouraged HTTPS for many years but has taken a much stronger stance in recent years.
Google originally modified it's search algorithm to boost content with HTTPS. This would help HTTPS-based content rank higher in search, and thus, would allow such content to potentially receive more website visits.
In July of 2018, Google is stepping up the requirement for HTTPS websites and blogs. Google's Chrome browser has started to alert website visitors of non-HTTP websites by marking them as not secure.
"Chrome's 'not secure' warning helps you understand when the connection to the site you're on isn't secure and, at the same time, motivates the site's owner to improve the security of their site."
This truly ups the game and the debate of HTTP vs HTTPS becomes a bit of a mute point. All websites and blogs need to have HTTPS enabled.
Adding HTTPS to your website or blog
At this point, we hope you're convinced. There's no compelling argument as to why your site should choose the losing side in the decision between HTTP vs. HTTPS.
"Sounds great," I hear you say. "I'll definitely get around to this." But here's the thing: you need to prioritize moving to HTTPS because HTTP is going the way of the dial-up modem and the dinosaur. Plain-old HTTP is insecure and leads to real compromises. You should get on board with the great migration to HTTPS right now.
And the kicker, like I mentioned earlier, is that it's incredibly easy.
Assuming you're using a shared hosting account (and you probably are as a small business):
Buy an SSL certificate from a CA (a.k.a. a Certificate Authority). GoDaddy, for example, is a CA who sells SSL certificates.
Let the CA know which website you want to use by setting up your SSL.
Verify that you control the website. If your SSL certificate and domain are in the same account, this step is often taken care of for you automatically.
That's it! And if you're only in need of a domain-validated (DV) SSL, the certificate can be issued within minutes.
Supporting HTTPS connections is an incredibly important first step, but there are also other ways of ensuring your site's well guarded against prying eyes (or prying code).
Always use strong passwords for your accounts. Brute-force guesses at your hosting account's password can undermine any other kind of effort you make.
With that, we hope you've taken the opportunity to migrate to HTTPS and will share your newfound knowledge about the differences between (and importance of) HTTP vs. HTTPS.
Image by:	creativegaz via VisualHunt.com / CC BY
#security #ssl #websitesecurity #securitymonth
Sean Loiselle
Sean Loiselle is a senior technical writer in NYC who focuses on open source enterprise software. When he's not neck-deep in SQL, he takes in the city's museums, music, theater, and performance art spots.
More Articles by Sean
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text:
Medicinal plasters
A medicinal plaster comprising a covering layer, a reservior layer for an active compound and a detachable protective layer is disclosed. The covering is a substantially impermeable material comprising a textile sheet-like structure which is longitudinally and transversely elastic and is impregnated or coated with a polymer. Disposed on such a covering layer is a reservior layer comprising 1 to 30% by weight of active compound is an elastomeric mixture comprising a polyisobutylene polymer, a carrier such as a polybutadiene oil or liquid paraffin and a resin such as a polybutadiene oil or liquid paraffin and a resin such as a adhesion-conferring resin. Methods for the formation of such medicinal plaster and the use of such medicinal plaster, especially to apply large dosages of antiinflammatory materials are disclosed.
Von Bittera, Miklos (Leverkusen, DE)
Bayer Aktiengesellschaft (Leverkusen, DE)
A61K9/70; A61L15/44; (IPC1-7): A61L15/06
604/304, 604/307, 604/896-897, 424/19, 424/22, 128/156
4573996 Device for the administration of an active agent to the skin or mucosa 1986-03-04 Kwiatek et al. 604/897
4559222 Matrix composition for transdermal therapeutic system 1985-12-17 Enscore et al. 424/22
4542739 Wound textile 1985-09-24 Schafer et al. 128/156
4486788 Method for producing a halftone plate for use in a picture reproducing machine 1984-12-04 Pietsch et al. 128/156
4476697 Wound dressing 1984-10-16 Schafer et al. 128/156
4435180 Elastomeric active agent delivery system and method of use 1984-03-06 Leeper 604/896
4314557 Dissolution controlled active agent dispenser 1982-02-09 Chandraseharan 604/307
4236550 Elastic muslin bandage 1980-12-02 Braun et al. 128/156
4215684 Permanent elastic net-shaped bandage, especially for medical purposes 1980-08-05 Wertip 128/156
4201211 Therapeutic system for administering clonidine transdermally 1980-05-06 Chandraseharan 604/897
4060084 Method and therapeutic system for providing chemotherapy transdermally 1977-11-29 Chandraseharan 604/897
4031894 Bandage for transdermally administering scopolamine to prevent nausea 1977-06-28 Urquhart et al. 604/897
3964482 Drug delivery device 1976-06-22 Gerstel et al. 604/896
3797494 BANDAGE FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF DRUG BY CONTROLLED METERING THROUGH MICROPOROUS MATERIALS 1974-03-19 Zaffaroni 604/897
3742951 BANDAGE FOR CONTROLLED RELEASE OF VASODILATORS 1973-07-03 Zaffaroni 604/304
DE1667940A1 1972-05-18
FR2045593A1 1971-03-05
GB2073588A 1981-10-21
Billmeyer, Textbook of Polymer Science, 3rd Ed. Wiley & Sons, N.Y., 1984, p. 529.
Patents Abstracts of Japan, Band 7, Nr. 155 (C-175) [1300], 7, Jul. 1983, Tokyo, JP: & JP-A 5867 617 (Nitto Denki Kogyo K.K.) 22.04.1983.
NOT, DEFINED
SPRUNG HORN KRAMER & WOODS (600 THIRD AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY, 10016, US)
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 709,970, filed Mar. 11, 1985, now abandoned.
1. A medicinal plaster comprising a covering layer, a reservoir layer for an active compound and a detachable protective layer which is substantially impermeable to the active compound, said reservoir layer containing 1 to 30% by weight of an active compound and an elastomer comprising a polyisobutylene polymer, a carrier and a resin, said covering layer being substantially impermeable to said active compound and comprising a textile sheet-like structure which is longitudinally and transversely elastic and is impregnated or coated with a polymer.
2. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1 wherein said resin is an adhesion-conferring resin.
3. A medicinal plaster according to claim 2 wherein said carrier is a polybutadiene oil, liquid paraffin or mixture thereof.
4. A medicinal plaster according to claim 3 wherein said covering layer is impregnated with a polymer.
5. A medicinal plaster according to claim 3 wherein said covering layer is coated with a polymer.
6. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1 wherein said polyisobutylene polymer is one having a molecular mass distribution Mw /Mn of 1.5 to 3.5 and a viscosity average of molecular mass of 30,000 to 4,000,000, said active compound is an antiinflammatory agent and said covering layer consists essentially of a textile sheet-like structure which is impermeable to said active compound, is longitudinally and transversely elastic, and is impregnated or coated with a polymer.
7. A medicinal plaster according to claim 6 wherein said molecular mass distribution Mw /Mn is 2.0 to 3.0.
8. A medicinal plaster according to claim 6 wherein said polyisobutylene polymer is a polyisobutylene homopolymer.
9. A medicinal plaster according to claim 6 wherein said polyisobutylene polymer is a polyisobutylene copolymer with 1 to 5 mol percent of a conjugated diene.
10. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1 wherein said reservoir contains 30 to 60% by weight of polyisobutylene polymer, 30 to 60% by weight of carrier and 2 to 40% by weight of resin in addition to said active compound.
11. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1 wherein said polyisobutylene has a viscosity average of molecular mass of 50,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol.
12. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1 wherein said polyisobutylene is one of a viscosity average of molecular weight of 80,000 to 500,000 g/mol.
13. A medicinal plaster according to claim 9 wherein said diolefin is a C4 -C6 diene.
14. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1 wherein said covering layer contains polyisobutylene having a viscosity average of molecular mass greater then 1,000,000 g/mol.
15. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1 wherein said active compound is an antiinflammatory agent of the formula ##STR5## wherein R1 -R5 can be identical or different, and denote hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl or substituted alkyl,
X denotes N or CH and
Y denotes hydrogen, metal ions, alkyl or substituted alkyl,
and/or of the formula II ##STR6## in which R denotes hydrogen, lower alkyl or substituted alkyl,
Ar denotes aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl or substituted heteroaryl, and
n+m denote an integer, and have the value zero, 1 or 2, and
p denotes zero or 1,
with the proviso that AR does not denote aryl or heteroaryl when n and m and p have the value zero.
16. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1 wherein said active compound is etofenamate.
17. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1 wherein said carrier comprises liquid paraffin.
18. A medicinal plaster according to claim 17 wherein said resin comprises polyterpene resin from a pinene.
19. A medicinal plaster according to claim 18 wherein said detachable protective layer comprises silicone treated paper.
20. A medicinal plaster according to claim 1, wherein the textile sheet-like structure is a simultaneous or consecutive course formation knit.
21. A medicinal plaster according to claim 20, wherein the knit is selected from the group consisting of weft knits and warp knits.
22. A process for the production of a medicinal plaster comprising a covering layer, reservior layer for active compound and a detachable protective layer which is substantially impermeable to said active compound which comprises:
A. dissolving a polybutylene polymer, a carrier and a resin in a solvent;
B. dissolving 1 to 30% by weight of active compound in a second solvent;
C. combining the solvents of steps A and B and applying the same uniformly to a covering layer which is substantially impermeable to said active compound and comprises a textile sheet-like structure which is longitudinally and transversely elastic and is impregnated or coated with a polymer;
D. drying said covering layer; and
E. thereafter disposing over the so dried material a detachable protective layer.
The invention relates to medicinal plasters for the release of an active compound on the skin over a prolonged period, in particular to antiinflammatory medicinal plasters, whose covering layer comprises a textile sheet-like structure, in particular simultaneous or consecutive course formation knit, which is longitudinally and transversely elastic and is impregnated or coated with a polymer.
Medicinal plasters which have a reservoir of mineral oil and polyisobutene are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,031,894. The polyisobutene is a mixture of components of various molecular weights, namely PIB of M.W. 35,000-50,000 and 1,000,000-1,500,000.
This plaster is suitable only for active compounds which need to be administered in very low doses. Scopolamine is mentioned.
Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide medicinal plasters whereby it is possible to administer through the skin controlled, relatively large, therapeutically effective amounts of an active compound over a prolonged period. These plasters are intended to be particularly suitable for administration of antiinflammatory agents. They are intended to be tolerated by the skin. Hence, one can administer high therapeutically effective doses of the active compound.
Known systems for releasing active compounds, such as, for example, gels, ointments, plasters and the like, permit only limited absorption of active compound through the skin. The absorption depends on the base and the properties of the active compound.
The invention relates to medicinal plasters for the administration of an active compound through the skin, containing a covering layer comprising a textile sheet-like structure, in particular simultaneous or consecutive course formation knit, which is longitudinally and transversely elastic and impregnated or coated with a polymer, a reservoir layer and a detachable protective layer, the reservoir layer containing a polymer comprising polyisobutylene and/or its copolymers, a carrier and a resin. Polymers within the meaning of the present invention are to be understood to be polyisobutylene and/or its copolymers.
Polyisobutylenes within the meaning of the invention are to be understood to be polyisobutylenes which, depending on the preparation, have a molecular mass distribution Mw /Mn of 1.5 to 3.5, preferably 2.0 to 3.0, and a viscosity average of molecular mass--again depending on preparation--of 30,000 to 4,000,000 g/mol. The viscosity average of the polyisobutylenes to be used according to the invention is preferably 50,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol, particularly preferably 80,000 to 500,000 g/mol. The viscosity averages can be determined in a known manner in accordance with Polymer Handbook, J. Brandrup and F. H. Immergut, Wiley & Sons, New York, 1975, Chapter IV, page 35.
These polyisobutylenes have been known for a long time and can be prepared using acid catalysts in accordance with, for example U.S. Pat. No. 2,203,873 or German Pat. No. 704,038.
Copolymers of isobutylene in the meaning of the invention are those of isobutylene having 0.5-5 mol-% of conjugated diolefins preferably those having 4-6 C atoms, such as, for example, 1,3-butadiene, piperylene and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, particularly preferably with isoprene, whose molecular masses can range from 30,000 to 200,000 g/mol. These isobutene copolymers are also known. Polyisobutylene homopolymers having a viscosity average of 80,000 to 500,000 are very particularly preferably used.
Carriers within the meaning of the present invention are to be understood to be oils, fatty acid esters, triglycerides, alcohols and/or fatty acids.
Oils within the meaning of the present invention are to be understood to be high-boiling, aliphatic, araliphatic and/or aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably liquid paraffin, Purcellin oil, perhydrosqualene and solutions of microcrystalline waxes in the oils, mineral oils, preferably oils whose boiling range is between 150° C. and 400° C., also unsaturated hydrocarbons having at least 16 C atoms, such as, for example, oligomers of monoolefines, such as tetraisobutylene, pentaisobutylene, hexaisobutylene or liquid polymers comprising diene(monoene) (co)polymers. Examples of liquid polymers of conjugated dienes are those of butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, copolymers of various dienes, as well as liquid copolymers of a conjugated diolefin and small amounts of monoolefins, such as, for example, 1-butene, isobutene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and styrene having MW from 400 to 6,000, preferably 800 to 3,000, and iodine numbers from 200 to 500, and viscosities of 100-10,000 cP at 50° C.
Liquid polybutadiene polymers which are at least 90% 1,4-linked, whose proportion of cis double bonds is more than 60%, and whose molecular masses are 1,000-4,000, are particularly preferred.
Oils are also to be understood to be silicone oils of various viscosities, preferably having mean molecular weights of 312 to 15,000, particularly preferably polydimethylsiloxanes.
The fatty acid esters are to be understood to be those which contain at least 12 C atoms, preferably 15 to 46 C atoms, particularly preferably 16 to 36 C atoms. The following are to be understood in particular: ethyl stearate, hexyl laurate, dipropylene glycol pelargonate, cetyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic/capric esters of saturated fatty alcohols of chain length C12 -C18, isopropyl stearate, oleyl oleate, decyl oleate, ethyl oleate, synthetic duck preen gland fat, in each case singly or in mixtures.
Triglycerides are to be understood to be pure or mixed esters of glycerol with fatty acids of chain length C8 -C18, preferably triglycerides of caprylic and/or capric acid.
Fatty acids are to be understood to be saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, preferably those having 12-24 C atoms, singly or mixed with one another, particularly preferably oleic acid.
Furthermore, oils within the meaning of the invention are to be understood to be: sweet almond oil, avocado oil, sesame oil, castor oil, olive oil, grapeseed oil, clove oil, arachis oil, maize oil, hazelnut oil, jojoba oil, safflower oil and wheatgerm oil, in each case singly or in mixtures.
Resins within the meaning of the present invention are to be understood to be colophony, dehydrogenated colophony, glycerol esters of dehydrogenated colophony, glycerol esters of colophony gum, hydrogenated colophony, glycerol esters of hydrogenated colophony, pentaerythritol esters of hydrogenated colophony, methyl esters of hydrogenated colophony, polymerized colophony, glycerol esters of polymerized colophony, terpene resins, coumarone/indene resins, hydrogenated petroleum resins, colophony derivatives and colophony modified with maleic anhydride, C5 petroleum resins and hemiesters of styrene/maleic acid copolymers, singly or mixed with one another. Polyterpene resins from alpha- or beta-pinene or modified glycerol esters of colophony are particularly preferred. Depending on the properties required in respect of adhesiveness and strength of adhesion to the part onto which the resulting plaster is intended to be applied, these resins can be used either alone or combined with one another.
Antiinflammatory agents within the meaning of the present invention are one or more antiinflammatory agents of the general formula I and/or II.
Antiinflammatory agents of the general formula I have the following structure: ##STR1## where R1 -R5 can be identical or different, and denote hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl or substituted alkyl,
X denotes N or CH, and
Y denotes hydrogen, metal ions, alkyl or substituted alkyl.
Halogen denotes fluorine, chlorine or bromine, preferably chlorine and/or bromine, particularly preferably chlorine. Lower alkyl is preferably alkyl having 1-6 C atoms, particularly preferably 1-4 C atoms, and substituted alkyl for R1 -R5 preferably denotes trihalogenoalkyl, particularly preferably trifluoromethyl. Metal ions are to be understood to be the ions of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and of aluminum, preferably sodium. Substituted alkyl for Y preferably denotes alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxyalkyl or trihalogenoalkyl, where the number of C atoms is 1 to 6 and the alkyl chain can be straight or branched.
The preferred antiinflammatory agents of the general formula I which are used are those in which
R3 and R4 denote hydrogen,
X denotes nitrogen or a CH group,
Y denotes hydrogen, C1 -C4 -alkyl or substituted C1 -C4 -alkyl hydroxyalkyl or hydroxyalkoxyalkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, and
R1, R2 and R5 denote hydrogen, chlorine, C1 -C4 -alkyl or trifluoromethyl.
Particularly preferred antiinflammatory agents are those of the general formula I in which
X represents a CH group, and
Y denotes hydrogen or hydroxyalkoxyalkyl having 1 to 6 C atoms, and
R1, R2 and R5 denote methyl, hydrogen, trifluoromethyl or chlorine.
The following antiinflammatory agents are very particularly preferred: ##STR2##
Furthermore, antiinflammatory agents within the meaning of the present invention are antiinflammatory agents of the general formula II, having the structure: ##STR3## in which R denotes hydrogen, lower alkyl or substituted alkyl,
n+m denotes an integer and has the value zero, 1 or 2, and
with the proviso that Ar does not denote aryl or heteroaryl when n and m and p have the value zero, and their esters or amides.
R for lower alkyl preferably denotes radicals having 1-6 C atoms, preferably 1-4 C atoms, substituted alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or trihalogenoalkyl; aryl or heteroaryl, phenyl, naphthyl, thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, indenyl, indolyl, benzothiazinyl or phenothiazinyl.
Substituents for aryl or heteroaryl are alkyl, preferably straight-chain and branched alkyl having up to 6 C atoms, alkoxy, oxalkyl, acyl, hydroxyl, acetoxy, benzoyl, substituted benzoyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, phenoxy, halogen, phenylalkenyl or phenylalkyl.
The esters are alkyl esters having 1-6 C atoms, preferably 1-4 C atoms in the alcohol component, particularly preferably methyl, ethyl, i- and n-propyl, substituted alkyl, for example β-hydroxyethyl, esters with glycolic acid. The amides can also contain in the group --CO--NH2 lower alkyls or substituted alkyls in place of one or both amide hydrogens.
The following antiinflammatory agents of the general formula II are particularly preferred: ##STR4## and their alkyl esters and substituted alkyl esters.
It is possible to incorporate in the plasters either one or several of the abovementioned antiinflammatory agents of the general formula I and II.
The antiinflammatory agents can be incorporated in the reservoir layer in an amount of 1-30% by weight, preferably 2-20% by weight. The % by weight indicated relates to the total reservoir.
These antiinflammatory agents can be mixed with other additional active substances or cooling or fragrance-releasing substances, preferably methyl salicylate, glycol salicylate, salicylic acid, menthol, peppermint oil, camphor, thymol, acrinol, scopolia extract, chlorpeniramine maleate, benzyl nicotinate, capsicum extract, nonylvanillylamide and capsaicin.
Where necessary, the plasters according to the invention can be mixed with additives and fillers, for example agents to protect from aging, antioxidants and strengthening fillers, as long as the gel-like properties are not destroyed.
Known systems for releasing active compounds, such as, for example, gels, ointment bases and plasters release about 0.5-20% of active compound in 7 hours. In contrast, the plasters according to the invention which are described above, release up to 70% of active compound in 7 hours, and the bioavailability is significantly greater (3-5 times greater). The systems according to the invention can be adjusted in respect of their rate of release of active compound virtually at will by changing the proportion of polymer, of the carrier and of the resin. The covering layer used for the plasters according to the invention is a simultaneous or consecutive course formation knit, which had longitudinal and transverse elasticity, (see, for example, Koch-Satlow, Grosses Textillexikon (Comprehensive Textile Lexicon), Deutsche Verlagsanstalt Stuttgart 1965). According to this, simultaneous and consecutive course formation knits are textile sheet-like structures which are produced from one or more thread systems by loop formation on machines for simultaneous or consecutive course formation. A distinction is made between two categories: simultaneous and consecutive course formation weft knits (main feature: threads run in the transverse directions, analogous to the direction of the weft in weaves) and warp knits (main feature: threads run in the longitudinal direction, analogous to the direction of the warp in weaves).
The terminological separation, which is customary in specialist terminology, into simultaneous and consecutive course formation knits relates to the process of production. In simultaneous course formation knitting, the loops of a course are formed (knocked off) simultaneously, while in consecutive course formation knitting one loop is produced after the other. However, there are exceptions to this in the assignment of terms. There is no structural difference between simultaneous and consecutive course formation weft knits.
In contrast to weaves, simultaneous and consecutive course formation knits have high extensibility and elasticity, especially in the lateral direction; moreover, as a consequence of the loop structure, they have a large pore volume, and this favours permeability to air and thermal insulation. These and other properties can be essentially modified by the structure and the selection of the textile fibre and yarn.
The simultaneous or consecutive course formation knits which are used according to the invention preferably have stretch characteristics. The methods customary in textile technology are used to achieve these stretch characteristics (see Koch-Satlow, page 441) or otherwise elastomeric fibres or elastomeric yarns are used immediately on selection of the basic materials for the simultaneous and consecutive course formation knits.
Apart from the simultaneous and consecutive course formation knits, it is generally possible to use as the covering layer for the plasters according to the invention textile sheet-like structures having stretch characteristics, that is to say all three-dimensional structures made of natural and synthetic textile fibres, such as braids, bonded webs or felts, are suitable as the covering layer. The basic material used for the covering layer is, inter alia, fibres and filaments made of nylon, polyester, polyurethane, nylon-polyurethane, cotton, viscose staple and animal wool.
The textile covering layer of the plasters according to the invention is impregnated or coated. The customary techniques and materials are used for coating and impregnation (see also Koch-Satlow, pages 157-159 and pages 616 et seq.).
The covering layer is preferably impregnated or coated with polyisobutylene. In this case, the molecular mass of the polyisobutylene is preferably greater than 1,000,000 g/mol (viscosity average).
The preferred coating and impregnation materials are the polyisobutylenes which are also contained in the reservoir layer but have higher molecular weights and no adhesiveness.
The protective detachable layer of the plasters according to the invention can be composed of occlusive, flexible or non-flexible materials, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon and similar known films. It is also possible to use as the detachable film metal foils, such as aluminum foil, alone or laminated with polymers. It is also possible to use multilayer foils, such as laminates of polyethylene with polyester/PE terephthlate and with vapour deposition of aluminum Other detachable foils are, inter alia, polyesters treated with silicone, polyethylene terephthalate with terminal silicone groups, treated paper, paper treated with silicone, paper coated with polyethylene and the like.
The invention also relates to a process for the production of medicinal plasters comprising a covering layer, a reservoir layer for active compound, and a detachable protective layer which is essentially impermeable to the active compounds, which process is characterized in that a polymer component containing polyisobutylene, one or more carriers and one or more resins are dissolved in a solvent, and 1 to 30% by weight of active compound is likewise dissolved in a solvent, these solutions are combined, the combined solutions are applied uniformly to a covering layer which is essentially impermeable to the active compounds and comprises a textile sheet-like structure, in particular a simultaneous or consecutive course formation knit, which is longitudinally and transversely elastic and is impregnated or coated with a polymer, and the covering layer is dried and, where appropriate, after drying is provided on the coated side with a detachable protective layer.
PREPARATION EXAMPLES
A 12.5% strength polyisobutylene solution (M.W. viscosity average 1,270,000) (in petroleum) is applied to silicone-coated paper, and a simultaneous course formation knit consisting of nylon-polyurethane fibres is laminated on and dried in a drying channel stepwise at 70°/90°/110° C. (polymer 30 g/m2).
A mixture dissolved in petroleum/acetone and composed of
36.000 g of polyisobutylene M.W. viscosity average 400,000,
44.928 g of low-viscosity paraffin,
9.000 g of polyterpene resin from β-pinene,
10.000 g of etofenamate and
0.072 g of agent to protect from aging
is applied to silicone-coated paper and dried in a drying channel stepwise at 70°/90°/100° C. (system for releasing active compound about 150 g/m2).
After drying, the simultaneour course formation knit impregnated with polyisobutylene and having stretch characteristics was laminated on to the silicone coated paper containing the components initially dissolved in the petroleum/acetone.
A polymer solution (petroleum/acetone) consisting of
36.000 g of polyisobutylene M.W. viscosity average 1,270,000,
9.000 g of polyterpene resin from α-pinene,
was applied to silicone-coated paper and dried in a drying channel stepwise at 70°/90°/110° C.
After drying, the system, with polyisobutylene, for release of active compound (as in Example 1) was laminated onto coated strecht material so that the active compound was sandwiched between the stretch material and the silicone-coated paper.
The absorption of the active compounds from plasters according to the invention is as good as that from conventional plasters coated with aluminium/polyethylene foils.
The methods and materials used for laminating the active compound depot onto the textile sheet-like structures having stretch characteristics are, inter alia, those described in Koch-Satlow, Grosses Textillexikon.
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technology / Editors' Picks
Phivolcs app helps review quake risks
By: Tonette Orejas - @ttorejasINQ
Inquirer Central Luzon / 02:57 AM June 27, 2016
QUAKE DRILL Students of Dagupan City National High School join last week's nationwide simultaneous quake drill. A new app being developed by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology provides mobile access to information about fault line sites for drawing up disaster preparedness programs. WILLIE LOMIBAO/INQUIRER NORTHERN LUZON
CLARK FREEPORT—Want to know if the land, farm, house or building you are buying stands on an earthquake fault? Or how far it is from your place of work, or your kids' school?
The answers can be found in Phivolcs Fault Finder, an application that will be available next month on mobile telephones.
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Phivolcs) is launching the app in time for National Disaster Consciousness Month.
Phivolcs Director Renato Solidum said the app would use three base maps from the National Mapping and Resources Information Authority, Google and OpenStreetMap.
The maps show where the 1,200-kilometer Philippine Fault Zone transects northwestern Luzon to southeastern Mindanao, and the Valley Fault System (VFS) in Luzon, including trenches.
"We have been testing this since last year. A Filipino [technology whiz] working in Japan is among the volunteers [working on this app]," Solidum told members of Capampangan in Media Inc. in a forum on Friday.
Many of these hazard maps are accessible through the Phivolcs website, www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph. The maps show the Philippine Fault Zone, active faults and trenches, earthquake-induced landslides, and liquefaction and tsunami prone areas.
One of the precautions that homeowners should consider is living away from rupture points at a minimum distance of 5 meters, Solidium said.
Phivolcs maintains 86 stations across the country that monitor earthquakes through sensors using GPS (global positioning system).
Maps on the VFS are helpful because that zone is ripe for movements "in this generation," Solidum said, referring to the accepted theory that ground faults move every 400 years.
In nationwide earthquake drills, the government works on a scenario where movements along the VFS could trigger a 7.2 magnitude temblor.
The East Valley Fault stretches 10 kilometers in Rizal province while the West Valley Fault runs over more than 100 km through Bulacan, Rizal, Cavite and Laguna province and Metro Manila.
Phivolcs has projected that without interventions and should it strike at night, the Big One could kill 31,000 people and injure 130,000 more in Metro Manila alone.
Dam strengthened
Angat Dam in Bulacan province is being strengthened for this temblor.
Gladys Sta. Rita, president and chief executive officer of National Power Corp. (Napocor), said Angat Hydropower Corp., owned by San Miguel Corp. and Korea Water Resources Corp., had an operations and management agreement with the government to rehabilitate the dam and its dikes, as it runs the hydroelectric power plant there.
"The dam failure would present considerable risks to life and property downstream, as the contents of Angat Dam reservoir would cause flooding in nearby areas. As such, we at Napocor and partners from the national government continue to take measures to prevent dam failure and keep people in nearby areas safe," Sta. Rita said last year.
Angat Dam was built in the 1960s to supply water to the Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System, irrigate 25,000 hectares of farm lands in Bulacan and Pampanga, generate 246 megawatts of power for the Luzon grid, and control flooding. TVJ
4 provinces near Metro to be hardest-hit by big quake – Phivolcs
Phivolcs warns of quake risk in Davao
TOPICS: app, Earthquake, Philvolcs, Phivolcs app, Phivolcs Fault Finder, quake, Renato Solidum, technology
Preying on the competition: Acer releases Predator gaming series


National Park Service biologists prepare to conduct a necropsy on P-32.
THOUSAND OAKS, Calif. -- A young mountain lion was struck and killed by a vehicle on Interstate 5 near Castaic early Monday morning. Known as P-32, he is the only male known to have dispersed out of the Santa Monica Mountains and into the more contiguous habitat areas to the north.
Prior to being struck on Interstate 5, he had managed to cross the 101 Freeway, State Route 23, Highway 118 and Highway 126 (see map). What had been a textbook case of successful dispersal all the way from the Santa Monica Mountains into Los Padres National Forest took an unfortunate turn when he headed east and attempted to cross one additional freeway.
"This case illustrates the challenges that mountain lions in this region face, particularly males," said Dr. Seth Riley, a wildlife ecologist with Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area. "P-32 conquered all kinds of freeways and highways to reach the Los Padres, but it was probably another dominant male that made him leave the area and attempt one last crossing, which obviously was not successful."
Still considered a juvenile, P-32 was approximately 21 months old and had first been ear-tagged by the National Park Service at four weeks of age. Based on GPS data from the animal's collar, he was likely hit by a vehicle between 4:00 and 6:00 a.m. Monday morning.
Since the study began in 2002, researchers are aware of only one male mountain lion born in the Santa Monica Mountains that has survived into adulthood, the famous Griffith Park mountain lion known as P-22. DNA evidence indicates he was born in the Santa Monica Mountains and thus had to cross both the 405 and 101 Freeways to make it to Griffith Park. Though he was able to flee the territory of more dominant adult males, his dispersal is not considered successful because he is now isolated in a small patch of habitat with no reproduction opportunities.
P-32 is the 12th mountain lion killed on a freeway or road since the study began. A proposed wildlife crossing on the 101 Freeway near Liberty Canyon Road would provide a connection between the genetically isolated population in the Santa Monica Mountains and the population to the north. The National Park Service has already documented multiple cases of first-order inbreeding south of the freeway.
Even with a wildlife crossing on the 101 Freeway, there is no way to completely eliminate the possibility of animals being struck by vehicles. The key, researchers say, is to ensure sufficient migration in both directions, but particularly from north to south, so that the population can survive in the long-term.
Although the cause of P-32's death was already known, biologists conducted a necropsy to evaluate the animal's condition and to take tissue samples that will show, among other things, whether the animal was exposed to rat poison. Other than the injuries sustained in the collision, P-32 appeared to be in good condition.
More detailed information about P-32's dispersal is available on the park's new urban wildlife blog, Gridlocked.
The National Park Service has been studying mountain lions in and around the Santa Monica Mountains since 2002 to determine how they survive in an increasingly fragmented and urbanized environment.


During the summer and autumn of 2015, the Ecosystems Enhancement Programme (EEP) team met with close to 40 organisations to introduce the Programme. This targeted stakeholder engagement focussed on the national tier within key UK stakeholder bodies, including conservation and environmental interest groups. The dialogue was effective in raising awareness of Tidal Lagoon Power's (TLP's) proposed approach to biodiversity conservation, generating considerable interest and high-level feedback on the EEP that has been used, for example, to refine and validate a number of the EEP's Strategic Objectives.
A second phase of external stakeholder engagement will take place throughout 2016 and 2017. This will include meeting with regional and local stakeholders and maintaining ongoing dialogue with those organisations where partnership-based nature conservation initiatives can be taken forward.
One of the EEP's aims is to foster partnerships that could help identify, deliver and manage projects, where appropriate and possible. A clear area where this could successfully come into play is in regard to managing EEP wetland sites as nature reserves, including visitor amenities and heritage-centred initiatives. TLP firmly believe that partnership working with like-minded organisations to share resources and expertise will be the most effective way for the EEP to deliver definitive actions for biodiversity locally and globally.


make it perfect: .Family Home Evening at the Scott's.
.Family Home Evening at the Scott's.
Family Home Evening at the Scott's starts with a beautiful drive into the country.
...and discovering goldfish in a pool-converted pond.
Raspberry picking occupies most of our time - scratched arms and competitive bucket fillers!
Riding on the 4-wheeler is the highlight for the kids - young and old!
While the Mums wander through the enchanted secret garden, discovering hidden beauties all around.
...and we finish up with raspberry-stained faces and clothes, full bellies and refreshed minds from soaking up the country air.
Oscar is the perfect blend of u and Jaron. Lil is so cute and dimply. Raspberries - my kids could live on them.


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Ras Al Khaimah Ruler 'proud' of thriving economy and wants to welcome the world
Sheikh Saud bin Saqr Al Qasimi said Ras Al Khaimah can become a global success
Sheikh Saud bin Saqr Al Qasimi, UAE Supreme Council Member and Ruler of Ras Al Khaimah, has praised the emirate's success. Ministry of Presidential Affairs
The Ruler of Ras Al Khaimah has hailed the emirate for being a thriving hub of industry - and a major driving force behind the success of the UAE.
Sheikh Saud bin Saqr Al Qasimi, said Ras Al Khaimah had embraced the manufacturing sector, growing its own businesses and attracting trade from overseas.
During an interview with CNN, the Supreme Council member said Ras Al Khaimah has become a leading supplier of building materials for countries throughout the Middle East.
''I saw that manufacturing could be really a good start for us. We are very proud that today we have some marvelous industries that are successful like RAK Ceramic and RAK Rock. We have actually managed to attract major companies, especially Indian companies, like Ashok Leyland."
Sheikh Saud said port expansion has been key to growth in the emirate.
"Logistics is a central part to the ongoing revolution; that's why we have embarked on reforming our port. In the past, we used to handle 1.5 million tonnes of cargo, while today we are handling around 70 million tonnes. The efficiency of our port is key to our success.
"Name any port in the Gulf and you will find it's built by Ras Al Khaimah."
The Ruler of Ras Al Khimah said the emirate is flourishing as it is a good place to do business for companies all over the globe.
"We have ease of doing business. I had a meeting with the World Bank recently on the ease of doing business. We went from the 31st position to be now among the 30 top economies on the ease of doing business. However, it is not enough for us; we need more progress."
'This is for the people I'm privileged to lead': Ruler of Ras Al Khaimah given top accolade at UAE awards
Ras Al Khaimah adventure tourism is experiencing a boom
Record-breaking zipline opens in Ras al Khaimah
RAK's first wetland nature reserve to be established
Sheikh Saud said it is vital that governments are led properly - with everyone held accountable for their actions.
"It's very important for us to make sure our government is well-managed. We ensure that everyone is answerable, everyone is measured by best practices. History is a good tutor for failure and successes."
He said Ras Al Khaimah has much to offer as a tourist destination, from rich heritage to sandy beaches.
"We are in a global village. It takes you a few hours to come from LA, New York or anywhere in the world. We have lovely beaches; sunny weather; and a great typography. Very few places in the world have this combination. There is a great archeology. We have around 5,000 archeological sites available. There is rich history in the emirate."
Sheik Saud said he is eager to unleash the potential of the next generation in order to help the emirate develop on the world stage.
"We're constructing a vision for 2030. I will tell you what I want. I want Ras Al Khaimah to be a global emirate. I want our people to be global citizens. Our duty is to help our kids to reach their best potential. I believe in our young men and women who are our true wealth. We'd like to throw them to the ocean, and allow them to swim - and they will thrive."
Sheikh Khalifa confers Order of Independence on two ambassadors
Sheikh Mohamed receives a symbol of Sheikh Zayed's legacy
Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid turns 70: A look back at his life
How foreign workers can apply for UAE visas for family members
Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed meets Australian Defence Minister
Dubai gas explosion victims treated with donated placenta
Philippine Embassy warns nationals after online scams soar
Twenty Houthi rebels killed in air strikes
Volcanic islands in line for Dh36.7m UAE investment


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typedef void (*cduck_message_callback)(void* udata, const void* data, unsigned int dlen);
void cduck_message ( const char* host, unsigned short msgid, const void* data, unsigned int dlen, cduck_message_callback callback, void* udata, _Bool synchronous );

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


California Strategies proudly serves an array of non-profit organizations that support education, healthcare, arts and culture and are dedicated to assisting communities in need.
Our team of professionals help these groups achieve their organizational and public policy goals through outreach to private and public sector leaders, public policy and program development, and resource development at state and local levels.
We understand the increasing rigors involved in nonprofit governance and accountability and aid in board development, fundraising and securing government funding.


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HomeBlogHow did Charles Howard make his money?
How did Charles Howard make his money?
He made his fortune as an automobile dealer and became a prominent thoroughbred racehorse owner.
Who owns the horse Seabiscuit?
Who is the greatest racehorse of all time?
We all know the story about Secretariat; it's even been made into a movie. Along with Man o' War, he is considered to be the best horse of all time. Even ESPN counted Secretariat as on of the Top 50 Athletes of the 20th Century during their countdown in 1999.
How old was secretariat when he died?
Secretariat died in 1989 due to laminitis at age 19.
How did Charles Howard make his money? – Related Questions
How much did Charles Howard pay for Seabiscuit?
The horse, in an out-of-character performance, led from wire to wire, and Howard, acting on a feeling in his gut and the approval of his trainer, bought the horse for $8,000. His name was Seabiscuit.
What happened to the race horse Seabiscuit?
UKIAH, Calif., May 18 — Seabiscuit, one-time leading winner of the American turf, died of a heart attack last midnight, owner Charles S. Howard announced today.
Where did Charles Howard buy Seabiscuit?
Undaunted, Smith had acquired Seabiscuit for Howard for $7,500 from Kentucky's famous Wheatley Stable. After nine more races, three of them wins, he brought the horse west for the first time. Smith lived and breathed his new charge, smoothing out the horse's temperamental streak.
Are there any living descendants of Seabiscuit?
With this latest addition, there are now seven Seabiscuit descendants at Ridgewood Ranch in Willits, Calif., the home of the famous racehorse that made his mark over 70 years ago. Coincidentally, Bronze Sea was born on the same day as Seabiscuit, who was foaled in 1933.
Is secretariat related to Man O War?
One thing is for sure; Secretariat is not a direct descendant of Man o' War. However, they do have a common relative, Fair Play. Fair Play is the sire of Man o' War and was the great-grandsire of Bold Ruler, who is Secretariat's sire.
Where is Seabiscuit buried?
The Seabiscuit Heritage Foundation appreciates that after 70 years, racing fans young and old, care enough to ask this question. Seabiscuit is buried at Ridgewood Ranch in Willits, California, the property once owned by Charles and Marcela Howard where 'Biscuit spent his final years.
Was Seabiscuit faster than Secretariat?
Although Seabiscuit was a great racehorse with amazing heart and stamina, it's doubtful he could beat Secretariat in a race at any length. Secretariat could come off the pace or run from the front, traits that make Secretariat great.
Who was the fastest horse in history?
This is a Guinness World Record was achieved by a horse called Winning Brew. She was trained by Francis Vitale in the United States. The race was recorded at the Penn National Race Course, Grantville, Pennsylvania, United States. Winning Brew covered the quarter-mile (402 metres) in 20.57 seconds.


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Home » Racing » Mick advised not to 'waste energy' on team-mate drama
Mick advised not to 'waste energy' on team-mate drama
Mick Schumacher has been advised not to "waste energy" on drama with his team-mate, Gerhard Berger saying niggles are part of being in a "predatory race".
Racing at the back of the field, and often only against one another, tensions between the Haas rookies have boiled over several times this season.
They walked away from the Dutch Grand Prix with Guenther Steiner saying he will once again be talking to them after contact early in the race, only for Nikita Mazepin to pitch his German team-mate into a spin at Monza.
He did apologise, something neither driver has been open to doing all that much.
Their on-track fights have led to a war-of-words in the media with both slinging mud at the other.
Berger reckons both are to blame, and that Schumacher, who has known the Austrian since childhood, should not get involved in the drama.
"I sway back and forth because sometimes Mick is right, but sometimes the other side is too," he told Sky Deutschland.
"It's a predatory race and your team-mate is the first driver you have to beat.
"Therefore everyone complains and looks for the fault elsewhere. That's the typical banter in the first year.
"I've already said to Mick: 'Concentrate on your big goal and don't waste energy on this.'"
As for the German's performances, Berger reckons he is doing a "good job, he shows consistent performance. There is still a long way to go to the point where you can say that he is ready for a top team."
But while Berger sees both sides of the team-mate argument, it is fair to say Mick's uncle Ralf Schumacher does not.
Check out the Haas collection via the official Formula 1 store
unseen onboard of Mazepin taking out Schumacher. Schumacher locks up into turn 1 which gives Mazepin the better run into the second chicane in which he just hits him…
radio silence after the contact too..#MonzaGP #F1 pic.twitter.com/3gmoqhrkQL
— Tom (@VerstappTom) September 12, 2021
After yet another moment at the Italian GP, Ralf has had another go at the Russian rookie.
Under the headline "Mazepin has an unfortunate nature", he wrote in his latest Sky Germany column reviewing the Monza race: "Mick Schumacher and Nikita Mazepin got in each other's way once again.
"Mick finished 15th, Nikita dropped out. But you have to admit that Nikita had a very good weekend.
"He has proven that he can drive a car in Formula 2, but he has a very unfortunate manner.
"He is very aggressive in his statements, criticises the team boss, like last weekend, for the new car and says that the new chassis was better. True to the motto: I was disadvantaged.
"This way you almost get the feeling that his father is not only a sponsor but also a partner, because otherwise you have to say that his self-confidence does not yet match his achievements."
Planet F1 verdict
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In this intense Thriller Short, #1 New York Times bestselling writer Grant Blackwood introduces British spymaster Henry Caulder, who faces some overwhelming odds. In 1953, Caulder finds himself in a Russian prison with his health slowly deteriorating. He was sent to Germany on a mission for the CIA but was under watch by the authorities almost from the second he arrived. When captured, he was sent to Lubyanka prison and tortured for information he refuses to give up. Why? Because he knows an execution is in his future, whether he talks or not. And the fate of Europe, and perhaps the world, hangs in the balance.


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My Neighbor Alice's Narrative Lead Loraine Gauteul Converts Game Design Into Experience
Loraine Gauteul is the Narrative Lead of My Neighbor Alice, an engaging & curious personality who is deeply involved with the team's culture. Learn more about her love story with Alice & the intricacies of her role!
Hi Loraine, could you please introduce yourself.
Hello, I'm Loraine and I work on the project My Neighbor Alice as a narrative lead & culture manager. I've been on the project since the beginning so that was around two years ago. I entered the gaming industry directly after my communication studies, that would be 3 to 4 years now.
How has your experience with the My Neighbor Alice Team been?
Ah! There's quite a lot to say here because, you see, it's both a project and a team growing at the same time. Of course, there are different stages that are important and you always start with a concept that tends to feel both vague and precise at the same time. You sort of know where you're heading, the kind of style of game that you want… as you go you realize that there are different constraints, different challenges and that's usually when you hire more people. We had to do it quite quickly and increase the number of people in the team. Of course there were some pain points at the time as always with such rapidly growing teams. Now I feel that we are in quite a good shape and it's about producing the game and understanding more & more the features that we are creating. Whether it's art, story or sound, we understand how the world should feel and who the characters who inhabit it are. That part of our work has been wonderful and I should say that it's because we have a team full of creative, flexible and frankly very fun people!
In the gaming industry, you can wait a long time before seeing your game into the hands of actual players. Did releasing the Alpha Season help?
You do have testing phases of course, but now we have to do it very early on, much earlier than in traditional gaming. We are testing concepts basically. And it does help a lot because although it's a lot of work for a smaller experience, you are testing everything about it. You're testing the gameplay, the mechanics, the arts, the sound, the narrative. Those snippets really help you understand what you're making as a developer or game designer. It also helps the community understand where you are trying to get to. For a developer, understanding what your community wants out of it, being able to confirm or infirm the hypothesis that you have is priceless. Let's say you do a farming game and people keep telling you they really really want to farm vegetables. Now you have confirmed that this is at the core of your farming experience. Actually, a better example would be Avatar customization. It's something we know we wanted to have in the future and we got such powerful feedback that we now know it needed to be a core feature of the My Neighbor Alice experience.
And what does your role as a narrative lead look like?
The narrative lead gives directions over how the narrative should fit into the world. Story is part of narrative but narrative is more than just story. I think that when people hear about narrative in games nowadays they imagine AAA games where it's very Hollywood-like, where you have all these choices and decisions to make. These are one type of narrative. In every game, you have narrative in order to justify the design. You need to show a universe that is coherent with what you do. Narrative will tackle all this. I'll take Animal Crossing as an example: let's say you want player 1 to go visit player 2. Technically you only need to transfer P1 avatar to where P2 is, but for this to make sense you need to add a narrative justification — you will need to lead the player through an airport and they are going to take a plane and the whole visit becomes an experience. This is what narrative does: It considers the constraint of game design and turns them into experiences through story. Narrative tackles a lot of different areas as you need narrative in Marketing for instance.
Building upon this, what is the most exciting narrative work you've done for My Neighbor Alice?
Everything is to be built, you know. What's exciting then is having an idea sprout, look into it, examine it, reflect upon it and ultimately find ways to take care of the idea and make it grow. Then you ask people for their opinion. What do they think about that? At that moment you get an inkling of what makes sense and what doesn't. You see then that the world is coming alive through narrative and that's super exciting. You see the concepts coming in, whether it's stories, art, sound etc. and you can see what fits, what doesn't… you can decide whether the narrative needs more of this or that emotion and grow the game incrementally.
Would you say the role of narrative lead differs when it comes to blockchain gaming?
Designing narrative means that you have to understand some parts of Game Design really well. The blockchain will have a different percentage of influence over different fields. There is definitely a difference but some fields won't need to know too much about the blockchain like, say, art. Whether it's an NFT using Chromia Originals or any other art element, they won't need to get into the nitty gritty of the blockchain but will still be impacted by the style of production. Releasing Alpha Seasons and constantly sharing what we do with the game makes it de facto different. Design is highly affected because there are constraints such as stopping bots from exploiting your game as we have a real game economy with real money to be earned. Narrative will meet some of those constraints but the main burden remains on design. Another good example is that sometimes you need blockchain transactions in the game. It's something that you then need to justify on the narrative level by having the players buy candy for instance. The gamification of an otherwise boring technical process adds to the magic of the game by hiding the trick. Instead of having a cold blockchain transaction, you get a narrative interaction that makes it seamlessly become a part of the game.
Now what can you tell us about the characters? Do you have a favorite?
Hard question as they are still in development. We are spending extra time crafting their personalities because we really want a world that is authentic and that comes from the characters you are going to encounter, the way they talk and feel. I should mention that one of the pillars of narrative for us is community: we want players to connect with other players, we want players to connect with the universe and its characters. We want our NPCs to become an integral part of the community. I don't want to go into too much detail here, but I can tell you a bit more about Alice for instance. We can say that she is a happy character, she's helpful and likes to be surrounded by people etc. but we also want to bring in other elements that I won't say are 'negative' but are the quirks that make a person authentic & interesting as opposed to generic & boring. We want this attention to detail to be felt throughout our characters. Now do I have a favorite character? I like Alice's little brother Jose because he's a funny lad who knows a lot about the islands. He's playful and frankly a bit cheeky at times, that's why I like him.
What are the big narrative differences between the islands?
That's something we are exploring but people have already seen that there is Nature's Rest, Medieval Plains, Snowflake Island etc. Each island has its own identity and playing on Medieval Plains or Nature's Rest will have a totally different feel. Nature's Rest is more meditative, more whimsical and brings a feeling of being in an almost spiritual world. We are approaching Medieval Plains like stone. It's inspired by Gotland initially with a more orange, tarnished color which also gives it a different seasonality. Many of the creatures living on those islands will be different too, as they would be in the real world. Many people think of 'Medieval' as violence, battles, people killing each other but we want to bring out the romantic aspect of medieval that you find in Gotland or in the South of France, the South of Italy and parts of Spain. We are blending all those different shores into one island that will have its own identity.
What can you tell me about the other islands?
Submerged Island is a bit of a challenge at present because we want to bring forth the watery aspect of it but this has proven to be quite the technical challenge. We have this strong idea of it being like Vietnam with lots of mangroves, blueish and aquamarine tones but it's a challenge… that's why narrative isn't just story.
To conclude, what narrative aspect should players pay close attention to when playing the Alpha Season II?
I like to think that we are bringing some more quirkiness to the game. Alice is a fictional world in which many elements are easily recognizable but seem fantastical at the same time. For instance, we are making resources by way of farming and this is of course inspired by real-life farming and nature… with a fantasy twist. So it's grounded in reality but whimsical and quirky. I think players will start to see interesting developments and will be able to test many of the fun interactions we have been planning.
We hope you enjoyed getting to know Loraine! It's crazy to think the team grew sevenfold since she joined the project and there is no telling how big it will be next time we interview her.
See you in the neighborhood !
About My Neighbor Alice
My Neighbor Alice is a social online game with focus on resource gathering, crafting and creative expression. Players build their own virtual lands, interact with neighbors, perform exciting daily activities and earn rewards along the way.
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The old leather bound book smells of crusted honey. Flecks of dust and dried parchment rain from it's interior as you open it. Ancient hieroglyphs and diagrams point the way to the obsidian gate.
A year later you walk through long forgotten caverns with lantern lit. You've finally found the underground lake. A tired face stares back at you from it's reflection. The air taste sweet down here and in the distance flutes echo of a buried civilization. The feeling of dread washes over you. This is your last chance to get her back from the underworld.


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The Lease includes basic information regarding the property, in addition to providing an opportunity for the two parties to specify their rights and duties under the Lease. There are several kinds of commercial leases. An industrial lease may have a provision referred to as a `break clause', which enables either party to terminate the lease early in the event the appropriate notice provisions in the lease are met. When many folks become confused between the residential and industrial lease, it is critical to understand both of them since they are different from one and another.
The lease can be renewed at the conclusion of the 2 decades, at no extra charge. A long-term lease guarantees that you will have a very affordable small business space for a predictable time period. Commercial Leases vary from Residential Leases in a couple of critical ways. You desire an industrial lease if you want to carry on your company in a particular space. At length, it's common when writing an industrial lease an exclusive use clause is inserted. There's no such thing as a normal business lease, but there are typical points covered by the majority of leases.
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Caymanian Thea Maitland Recognised as Esteemed Trust and Estate Practitioner
Local News 26 Mar, 2021 Follow News
Walkers' Private Capital & Trusts associate Thea Maitland was recently welcomed into the Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners ("STEP"), a preeminent global professional association, as a Full Member.
The Full Member citation is reserved for the most senior practitioners in the legal and financial industries who help advise families across generations and plan for their futures. The designation means that Thea is internationally recognised as an expert in her chosen fields of wealth structuring and trusts and adheres to the stringent standards and training as prescribed by STEP.
To achieve the STEP accreditation, Thea successfully completed the two-year STEP Diploma course in International Trust Management, which is offered in partnership with the professional financial services industry training, education and qualifications provider, CLT International. The course consisted of four advanced certificates in various subjects, including trusts creation law and practice, company law and practice, trust administration and accounts, and trustee investment and financial appraisal.
Commenting on Thea's achievement, Walkers' Private Capital & Trusts partner David Pytches said: "Thea was awarded a distinction in each paper submitted during her course, which is an outstanding result. She has proven time and again to be a very bright and driven young associate and we are all delighted for her in this most recent achievement."
Thea was formerly a Walkers Legal Scholarship recipient. She trained with Walkers and was called to the Cayman Islands Bar in 2016.
About Walkers
Walkers is a leading international law firm. We provide legal, corporate, fiduciary and compliance services to global financial institutions, investment banks, capital markets participants, Fortune 500 corporations, arrangers, promoters and managers, Magic Circle and AmLaw 100 law firms, accounting firms, partnerships, trust companies and other fiduciaries. We are consistently ranked in the top tier of law firms by all leading global legal directories, including the Chambers and Partners Global Guide 2020, which ranks Walkers in 10 band one practice areas.


The Dure Collection "Autumn/Winter" 2013 is definitely an astonishing landmark in African fashion. To title Aisha Obuobi (Designer and founder of Christie Brown) as the best Ghanaian designer to date will not be enough credit to justify the creativity behind this new collections. This is chic, funky, elegant, cool, vibrant, young and mature all in one, something that is rarely done within any collection around the world. Yet despite the variation of flavours, the young talented designer, Aisha Obuobi, manages to keep an uniform feel. Very modern, yet still African.
I was blown away on the initial site of the images and still am now, although I could write a speech about how speechless I am. In saying that, on behalf of the FashionGHANA.com, we say congratulations to Aisha Obuobi and the Christie Brown staff. Sorry we couldn't wait for the press release. Congrats also goes out to UK based Nigerian model, Paula Okunzuwa, that brought these images to life.
PS: Feel free to share if you love what you see.
I agree, this must be one of the best and best presented collections I've seen from Ghana. kudos to the young.
I loooooooooove her stuff, shes definitely the best. but ther eis no where to get it in switzerland. would you be selling it here?
I doubt these are exceptionally amazing. Maybe for Ghana it may be, they are nicely tailored but I am not caught in the hype.
christie is one of the reasons why i am going to loose wt. her clothes are the best. i wore one when i visited the states recently for a function. everyone wanted one. beautiful, well tailored, just great at what she does. i cant wait to be a slim chic.


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