1. In stems ending in o- or ā- the stem-vowel is lost before -ia (as superb-ia) and appears as i before -tās, -tūs, -tia (as in boni-tās, above).
2. Consonant stems often insert i before -tās: as, loquāx (stem loquāc-), loquāci-tās; but hones-tās, mâies-tās (as if from old adjectives in -es), ūber-tās, volup-tās. o after i is changed to e : as, pius (stem pio-), pie-tās; socius, socie-tās.
cupī-dō, desire, from cupere, to desire (as if from stem cupī-).
dulcē-dō, sweetness (cf. dulcis, sweet), as if from a stem dulcē-, cf. dulcē-scō.
lumbā-gō, lumbago (cf. lumbus, loin), as if from †lumbō, -āre.
Note— Of these, -ia is inherited as secondary (cf. § 234 . 2.11). -tia is formed by adding -ia to stems with a t- suffix: as, mīlitia, from mīles (stem mīlit-); molestia from molestus; clēmentia from clēmēns; whence by analog, mali-tia, avāri-tia. -tās is inherited, but its component parts, tā- + ti-, are found as suffixes in the same sense: as, senecta from senex; sēmen-tis from sēmen. -tūs is tū- + ti-, cf. servitū-dō. -dō and -gō appear only with long vowels, as from verb-stems, by a false analogy; but -dō is do- + ōn- : as, cupidus, cupīdō; gravidus, gravēdō (cf. gravē-scō); albidus, albēdō (cf. albēscō ); formidus, hot, formīdō (cf. formīdulōsus ), ( hot flash? ) fear; -gō is possibly co- + ōn-; cf. vorāx, vorāgō, but cf. Cethēgus. -tūdō is compounded of -dō with tu- stems, which acquire a long vowel from association with verb-stems in u- (cf. volūmen, from volvō): as, cōnsuētū-dō, valētū-dō, habitū-dō; whence servitūdō (cf. servitūs , tūtis).
hospit-ium, hospitality, an inn;1 hospes (gen. hospit-is), a guest.
collēg-ium, colleagueship, a college; collēga, a colleague.
auspic-ium, soothsaying, an omen; auspex (gen. auspic-is), a soothsayer.
gaud-ium, joy; gaudēre, to rejoice.
effug-ium, escape; effugere, to escape.
benefic-ium, a kindness; benefacere, to benefit; cf. beneficus .
of place, of missing soldiers.
adverb-ium, adverb; ad verbum, [added] to a verb.
interlūn-ium, time of new moon; inter lūnās, between moons.
rēgifug-ium, flight of the kings; rēgis fuga, flight of a king.
servi-tium, slavery, the slave class; servus, a slave.
Vowel stems lose their vowel before -ium: as, collēg-ium, from collēga.
Note— -ium is the neuter of the adjective suffix -ius. It is an inherited primary suffix, but is used with great freedom as secondary. -tium is formed like -tia, by adding -ium to stems with t: a, exit-ium, equit-ium (cf. exitus, equitēs); so, by analogy, calvitium, servitium (from calvus, servus).
-nia, F.; -nium, -lium, -cinium, N.
pecū-nia, money (chattels); pecū, cattle.
contici-nium, the hush of night; conticēscere, to become still.
auxi-lium, help; augēre, to increase.
lātrō-cinium , robbery; latrō, robber (cf. latrōcinor, rob, implying an adjective †latrōcinus).
For Diminutives and Patronymics, see §§ 243 , 244.
The abstract meaning is put first.


Just yesterday I had a colleague ask if I could help document all the columns in each table in one of our databases to share with a vendor working on an interface between that system and one the vendor developed for a different aspect of our business. This vendor needed to know the column names, max length, data type and whether a null value was acceptable for each of the columns in the database. He was planning on opening each table individually within Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and then document each column individually within Microsoft Excel.
His thought: "there must be a better way!"
He was right. I offered up assistance and dug into the system catalog views that have been around since SQL Server 2005. These system views complement the system compatibility views which were a replacement for direct queries against the system tables in previous releases of Microsoft SQL Server up until SQL Server 2005. By tapping into the metadata exposed via these views, a very simple query provided everything that he needed to know.
sys.tables provides one row for each table in a database. This does include user tables and system tables that exist in each database. There is a column within sys.tables: [is_ms_shipped] that identifies system tables. This allows you to filter your results to just user tables if you so desire without having to join to the sys.sysobject system compatibility view's type column (where sys.sysobjects.type = 'U') in order to do so.
sys.types is the catalog view that stores rows relating to system and user-defined data types and their properties. The only field from this view we will need is the data type's name, as it is the only field in our desired result set we can't return from sys.all_columns as it pertains to column metadata.
Each of the catalog views are scoped at the database level, meaning that they exist in each database (system or user) on the SQL Server instance. Even sys.types, a catalog view you may expect to be the same across all databases on an instance is scoped at the database level. Why? Quite simply put, sys.types includes user-defined datatypes that are unique to a database. Database collation also has an impact on sys.types, therefore making native data types such as text, ntext, varchar(), char(), nvarchar(), nchar(), and sysname different between databases if their collations differ.
Because each of our system catalog views we're using is scoped to the database level I strongly suggest that you run it from within the context of the database you're attempting to document. The first example below does just that, returning all columns for all user tables in the database.
Here is the output if you run this against the Northwind database.
If, for some reason, you must run the query from a database context that is not the one you wish to document you can use the following code and still return the same results. As you can see you need to hardcode the database name. In this example the Northwind database is hardcoded for each of the system tables. It works, but not recommended.
As you can see you must use fully-qualified naming conventions for the objects and also supply the database name as a parameter for the DB_ID() function.
Using the first query I was able to return the results, drop them into an Excel spreadsheet, and provide them to the developer and his vendor contact to satisfy their needs without the manual work he was dreading that was to come.
Need to determine which columns in your database include default values. If so, here is a previous tip to satisfy that need.
You might ask yourself why not just use the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS system view to get this information. The simple answer is you can, but it combines information for both tables and views.
Next tip in this series focuses on documentation of all index columns in your database. Stay tuned!
ran with no problems and produced the results I wanted.
Is there a where clause that can exclude tables that return 0 rows?
what if sys.tables is not populated?
Thanks. This worked like a charm.
Now what I need is the ability to pull the details of a single field from a single table (Data type, Data max-length, etc) *AND* the VALUE of that field from that table, from one particular row, as in "where ItemID = @ItemID" But without knowing the field name passed in.
Would your script allow the retrieval of the server, database, schema, and table information for multiple servers with (potentially) multiple instances per server and insert the information into a table in a designated database (i.e. a single table in a specific database on one server)? I have a need for that and, while I have established a way to create a single database and table on _each_ server/instance, with the result that I then have to consolidate the data after it is extracted; however, it would be much nicer to be able to consolidate it in one pass and, for instance, do so in a separate databse designated for that purpose.
I'm not sure I understand what you want to achieve. The provided query pulls the schema as well as the table/column information. So, what else are you trying to achieve?
Your article is quite informative and clearly written. Thank you.
"Next tip in this series focuses on documentation of all index columns in your database. Stay tuned!" This was a great tip for a SQL n00b! Looking forward to the tip on index columns!
Not clear on what you're driving at but is this what you're looking for?
Just wanted to thank you for this post. This query returned 91,616 lines to document my DB. Any ideas on how to add to this to return info on tables that are NOT populated?
Thank you for this script. It works really fine! But what if I want to include the tables and colums description (extended properties) ?
Wouldn't you want to use the built in INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS?


Pomeg-Tech provides the customer with a list of required data to be collected in the region and supplied to Pomeg-Tech. These data cover – in addition to climate, soil, etc. – the essential data on the customer's marketing and economic history in the pomegranate business.
Pomeg-Tech team members analyze the provided information and prepare a detailed proposed program for the collaboration between the customer and Pomeg-Tech.


wearer and the ability to make one feel 'light-as-air.'The look book was shot on an old ship. Here, the model is in a state of confusion/ dissatisfaction where she wonders why her fantasy about living luxuriously on a ship is not real. She see's herself as a demi-god able to tackle anything because she is 'light-as-air'… but like every fantasy ends, reality sets in. . . Its an old ship in the dock.The use of the Ankara fabric for hand scrunchies, shorts, pockets and inner linings, and the multi-coloured Aso-oke skirt ensures our staying true to African heritage per collection. The Wana Sambo woman is fierce, strong and exotic.


DESCRIPTION: OnePlus 5 Android smartphone. Announced Jun 2017. Features 5.5″ Optic AMOLED display, Snapdragon 835 chipset, Dual: 16 MP (f/1.7, 24mm, 1/2.8″, 1.12 µm, gyro EIS) + 20 MP primary camera, 16 MP front camera, 3300 mAh battery, 128 GB storage, 8 GB RAM, Corning Gorilla Glass 5.


text:
Władysław Jan Kowalski (ur. 22 maja 1892 w Krakowie, zm. ?) – działacz niepodległościowy, inżynier, mierniczy przysięgły, kapitan piechoty Wojska Polskiego.

Życiorys
Urodził się 22 maja 1892 w Krakowie, w rodzinie Jana i Barbary z domu Garban. Służył w Legionach Polskich. Był uznany za zaginionego.

14 marca 1919 jako porucznik byłych Legionów Polskich został przyjęty do Wojska Polskiego z dniem 15 listopada 1918 i przydzielony do 23 pułku piechoty. 25 maja 1919 został przydzielony do Dowództwa 2 Dywizji Piechoty Legionów. 2 stycznia 1920 rozpoczął naukę w Wojennej Szkole Sztabu Generalnego, w charakterze słuchacza II Kursu. Wykazywał się dobrą znajomością języka rosyjskiego. W połowie kwietnia został skierowany na praktykę sztabową w Dowództwie 18 Dywizji Piechoty. Na podstawie pisma nr 145/pf Naczelnego Dowództwa WP z 31 grudnia 1920 został skreślony z listy słuchaczy Szkoły (odszedł na własną prośbę).

1 czerwca 1921 jako kapitan adiutant sztabowy pełnił służbę w 12 Dywizji Piechoty, a jego oddziałem macierzystym był 23 pułk piechoty. 16 czerwca 1921 jako oficer Dowództwa 6 Armii został zwolniony z czynnej służby wojskowej z zaliczeniem do Rezerwy armii. W rezerwie został przydzielony do 23 pułku piechoty.

Zarządzeniem MSWojsk. L. 28400/V. E. 23 z 31 sierpnia 1923 został pozbawiony stopnia oficerskiego. W grudniu 1932 ogłoszono, że wskutek rehabilitacji sądowo-honorowej został mu przywrócony stopień kapitana rezerwy korpusu oficerów piechoty ze starszeństwem 1 czerwca 1919 (lokata 1323,5) z przynależnością macierzystą do 33 pułku piechoty w Łomży. W 1934, jako oficer stanu spoczynku pozostawał w ewidencji Powiatowej Komendy Uzupełnień Warszawa Miasto III. Posiadał przydział do Oficerskiej Kadry Okręgowej Nr I. Był wówczas w grupie oficerów "powyżej 40 roku życia".

7 maja 1928 złożył przysięgę mierniczego przysięgłego.

Mieszkał w Warszawie przy ul. Żórawiej 23 razem z Władysławem Kowalskim Wierusz, który był właścicielem fabryki izolacji korkowej przy ul. Dworskiej 14–16.

Ordery i odznaczenia
 Krzyż Niepodległości – 13 września 1933 "za pracę w dziele odzyskania niepodległości"

Zobacz też
 Lista mierniczych przysięgłych w Polsce

Przypisy

Bibliografia

Kapitanowie piechoty II Rzeczypospolitej
Ludzie urodzeni w Krakowie
Ludzie związani z Warszawą
Odznaczeni Krzyżem Niepodległości
Oficerowie Legionów Polskich 1914–1918
Polscy inżynierowie
Polscy mierniczy przysięgli
Uczestnicy wojny polsko-bolszewickiej (strona polska)
Urodzeni w 1892
Zmarli w XX wieku
Nieznana data śmierci

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Century Yuasa is proud to announce its partnership with TAFE Queensland Gold Coast.
Century Yuasa is proud to announce that it has been recognised as an ecoBiz Champion Star Partner by the Chamber of Commerce & Industry Queensland (CCIQ).
Century Yuasa sponsored the Energy Storage Seminar 2015.
Announcements from GS Yuasa Corporation, Century Yuasa's parent company regarding purchasing Panasonic Lead-Acid Battery Business and shares in the Republic of Turkey.
Century Yuasa Battery Recycling is partnering with the Western Australian Girl Guides in a used lead acid battery recycling program.
Century Yuasa recognized as a founding member of Australian Energy Storage Council (ESC).
Century Yuasa has been recognised as Private Label Supplier of the Year – Trade 2013 at the recent Repco Outstanding Supplier Hall of Fame Awards.
Century Yuasa is proud to be named Supercheap Auto Trade Partner of the Year 2013 at the recent Supercheap Auto Supplier Forum.


text:
Meet health tech start-ups at The Edge innovation zone
The Edge, DPC's innovation zone, will feature health tech start-ups who have developed, or are in the process of developing, pioneering new products and services for improving diabetes care. This popular area will give visitors a unique opportunity to discover, first hand, some of the most exciting new technology solutions in this field.
"This is our area dedicated to the most innovative start-up companies in diabetes," says Toby Baker, Event Director, DPC2018. "We want to make sure that, alongside more established companies in diabetes care, there is the opportunity for smaller companies to be here as well. Every year, exhibitors in The Edge move to a full-sized exhibition stand the next year, so it must be working for them."
One exhibitor who has made the move to the main show floor this year is TickleFLEX, who introduced its award-winning, universal-fit insulin injection aid at last year's show. Speaking at DPC2017, TickleFLEX inventor Peter Bailey said: "It's been very well received, people appreciate it's so simple. I always wanted to make a difference. If we can get a million of these out into the market, that's a lot less needle phobia and a lot fewer ouches. I'm very proud to be part of that."
The Edge exhibitors at DPC2018 will include:
Counterweight, who will present Counterweight-Plus, its evidence-based, weight management programme. Counterweight aims to make diabetes remission a practical target in primary care and will share the results of the DiRECT clinical trial.
Thermetrix, who is using its thermal imaging expertise to manage health conditions with innovative preventative care technology. Find out about Thermetrix's first product, Podium a diabetic foot care monitor and app, which provides people with diabetes with a daily thermal image of their feet.
Metabolic Health Solutions, who will demonstrate its ECAL metabolic monitor for type 2 diabetes. Through a simple 5-8 minute breathing test, ECAL provides accurate measures of metabolic rate and fuel utilisation.
Other The Edge exhibitors include Innovation Zed, Medopad, My Way Digital Health and Qured.
For more information on all exhibitors in The Edge, go to www.diabetesprofessionalcare.com/the-edge.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
JBiz Expo held in Edison
The Jewish Business Expo was hosted by the Orthodox Jewish Chamber of Commerce.
JBiz Expo held in Edison The Jewish Business Expo was hosted by the Orthodox Jewish Chamber of Commerce. Check out this story on app.com: http://on.app.com/2sAF35w
Theresa King, Asbury Park Press Published 11:35 a.m. ET June 16, 2017 | Updated 4:15 p.m. ET June 16, 2017
.(Photo: Courtesy David Honig)
Work hard, treat others with respect and don't expect to work 9 to 5 – those were just some of the secrets to success given to attendees of the JBiz Expo in Edison on June 15.
The JBiz Expo, featuring exhibits from participating companies, workshops and panels, allowed businesses the opportunity to not only showcase their companies to the public, but also learn secrets of the trade.
Among the topics covered in the workshops offered to businesses were cybersecurity, selling on Amazon and body language.
MORE: Lakewood investigation: 99 percent of students sent to SCHI are white
The expo was hosted by the Orthodox Jewish Chamber of Commerce and also included talks from experts who have run successful businesses.
Chairman of the N.J. Israel Commission Mark Levenson opened the conference, highlighting his experience running a successful business and the components vital in doing so.
JBiz Expo in Edison
. Courtesy David Honig
The entrance to the expo on June 15, welcoming participants to take pictures. Theresa King
Aaron Klein of Breitbart News (left) interviews President of Cushman & Wakefield and mayoral candidate for New York City Paul Massey at the JBiz Expo in Edison. Theresa King
The Orthodox Jewish Chamber of Commerce's booth at the expo in Edison. Theresa King
The outside of the New Jersey Convention and Exposition Center in Edison, where the JBiz Expo was held on June 15. Theresa King
One section of the expo in the New Jersey Convention and Exposition Center, where businesses set up to talk to attendees. Theresa King
"If people don't help you to get where you are, you wouldn't be there," Levenson said. "We have an obligation to help others."
The keynote speaker of the day was President of Cushman & Wakefield and New York City mayoral candidate Paul Massey, who was interviewed by Breitbart reporter Aaron Klein.
MORE: Lakewood's Orthodox Jewish Chamber expands to NYC
Massey discussed how he grew his business after moving to New York City, as well as what improvements he would make to the city if elected mayor, including public school reform and the improvement of current infrastructure.
"We are the best city in the world," he said. "We have to start acting like it."
Other events of the day included the Women in the Workforce panel, as well as talks from President & CEO of D.H. Blair Investment Banking Corp. J Morton Davis and Consul General of Israel in New York Ambassador Dani Dayan.
MORE: Rabbi Kotler talks Lakewood development, school funding during 'Ask the Editor'
The JBiz Expo was sponsored by companies including Microsoft and Meridian Capital Group and offered business consultants on-site, networking sessions and workshops on how to improve companies. There were more than 300 booths and more than 1,000 people attended the event, expo officials said.
Read or Share this story: http://on.app.com/2sAF35w
Lewdness, 'audience participation': Why Keyport go-go bar Fantasies temporarily closed
Family members — including 90-year-old — accused of stealing $1.4M from elderly widow
Ex-Monmouth municipal judge disbarred over ticket-fixing scheme


My first love when I started card making was/is vintage, I love the soft muted tones, the romance and the dreaminess of a by gone era. This stamp is called Ophelia, for those that don't know Ophelia is a Character in Hamlet wrote by William Shakespeare and she fell in love with Hamlet and was so rejected by him that she went insane.
I used olive green and wine coloured ink, pretty cherry blossoms a text stamp by Stampin Up and a bit of love to finish the card.
A close up of Ophelia, distressed edges, notebook spiral punch used too, you can see the vines in the bottom right corner, just very thin pieces of card wrapped around my tweezers into a spiral shape.
I found the most pretty ribbon in my local haberdashery, hearts, shear ribbon and beads, what more could I ask for?
What a serene looking card, beautiful.
Absolutely gorgeous card Jak and I just love what you have done on it. I think the flowers on the corner just finish this card to perfection.
Beatiful vintage card and i love that colour combination its a wow !!
Beautiful image Jak. I love the way you have worked the two colours together and the trimmings are fabulous.
This is beautiful Jak. Stunning colours.
Jak, this is sooo pretty -- your colors are gorgeous and that trim is so perfect!!!
This is a magnificent card Jak, Never yet tried a vintage one.
. You have definitely changed my mind on the vintage theme now.
I just love the way you put everything together. The colours are absolutely perfect and everything compliments the whole thing.
This card is really gorgeous and I love all the little details on it. Really inspiring and the colors work wonderfully together.
Beautiful card,lovely colours and papers and gorgeous image. The coordinating flowers look lovely.
Beautiful soft vintage card Jak- love the colours.
Jak! This card is so beautiful! A stamper who saw it and ordered Ophelia from me gave me the link and I'm beyond delighted to see your beautiful work!
beautiful card! so delicate colours and flowers! gorgeous!
The two colours together on this card go really well together - and the image really has a romantic feel to it.


William Rowell Derrick was an American artist born in 1857 and is noted mostly for his highly impressionistic oil paintings which provoke a mood strikingly accurate to his subjects. Derrick died in 1941. This pianitng is a charming depiction of a pond at the park with ducks swimming about. The foliage is breathtaking, as the impressionistic details are noted with thicker use of paint and calming colors. The trees are depicted wonderfully with beautiful fall colors. An inspiring painting, which brings about a mood and feeling. A gorgeous scene from the early 20th Century. The painting comes displayed in a wonderful ornate wood carved frame and is signed lower left.


Innovations Unlimited has been created by young dynamic minds who believe in bringing forth, an organised and professional approach, with a much required personal touch, to the issues related to addressing personal hygiene outside the premises of their homes. Innovation has always been the key factor in the development of our product line.
Frequent road trips and lack of hygienic private spaces, propelled us to address this very problem that, all road travellers are faced with, hence the birth of nCircle C.
When we interacted with local construction workers as well as the village communities we realised that they have acute dearth of a private space of their own where they could access sanitation in a dignified manner while they were oblivious of the perils of open defecation, which has been adversely affecting their overall health and prosperity. Thus, we came up with nCIrcle R and started working with the CSR wings of empathetic Corporate Citizens.
Another facet which has been plaguing our human society are natural disasters which cause massive death and destruction and renders millions of hapless people without their basic necessities. As responsible citizens, we along with our partner INGOs, NGOs and UN organisations, wanted to contribute by developing nCircle R which could be used as a private space to, access sanitation, bathe, feed their kids or simply just for changing their cloths for all specially women.
Innovations Unlimited has been working since last 4 years and fortunately, their efforts have been appreciated, thus inspiring us to keep innovating and making this world a better place.


text:
Q: Intent extras are always null Im making an app that works with an AlarmManager.
I use a BroadcastReceiver to get when the alarm is received.
But firstly, I call the method setAlarms() in my Main Activity.
I have checked with breakpoints and the values that I'm passing to the broadcastreceiver are not null, but when I try to get them in the BroadcastReceiver itself, it returns null.
This is my code:
//MainActivity
 public void SetAlarms()
    {
        ArrayList<TaskItem> dates = TaskUtils.getInstance().getDatedTasksInMillis(this);
        ArrayList<TaskItem> repeating = TaskUtils.getInstance().getRepeatingTasksInMillis(this);

        Intent intent;
        PendingIntent pi;
        AlarmManager manager;

        for (int i = 0; i < dates.size(); i++)
        {
            TaskItem current = dates.get(i); //TASK ITEM IS THE CLASS WHERE I GET THE VALUES
            long millis = current.getDateInMillis();

            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
                intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), NotificationReceiver.class);

                Bundle b = new Bundle();
                b.putInt("ID", current.getID());
                b.putString("Title", current.getDescription());
                b.putString("Description", current.getDescription());
                b.putInt("Tag", current.getTag());

                intent.putExtras(b);

                long minus = 1000 * 60 * current.getRemind();
                millis -= minus;

                pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(getApplicationContext(), 100, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
                manager = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
                manager.setExact(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, millis, pi);
            }
      }
}

//BroascastReceiver Class
public class NotificationReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        //THIS METHOD ACTIVATES WHEN THE ALARMMANAGER GETS TO CERTAIN TIME

        Intent i = new Intent(context, MainActivity.class);
        i.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP);

        Bundle b = i.getExtras();

        int id = b.getInt("ID");
        String title = b.getString("Title");
        String description = b.getString("Description");
        int tag = b.getInt("Tag");

        //BUILDING NOTIFICATION
        NotificationHelper helper = new NotificationHelper(context);
        NotificationCompat.Builder nb = helper.getTaskChannelNotification(id, title, description, tag);
        int RandomNumber = (int) ((new Date().getTime() / 1000L) % Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        helper.getManager().notify(RandomNumber, nb.build());
    }

A: In the NotificationReceiver you are trying to read the extras from a newly created intend instead of the received as a parameter in the method onReceive.
Instead of i.getExtras() it should be intent.getExtras()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Multinational corporations are luring millennial workers with empty promises and self-serving slogans.
I still have the red lanyard I wore at the "Business Fights Poverty" conference at the University of Oxford's Saïd Business School last summer. The badge asked me to write my name on the front, and, on the back, state the "purpose that drives me" and the "people I need." The idea, a conference organizer later explained, was that together, the guests—a mix of businesspeople, development workers, and NGO staffers—would "unlock opportunities for social impact." With its Davos-style platitudes and its TED-inspired evangelism, the conference exemplified the corporate credo that economic inequality can and should be solved by innovative market solutions and compassionate millionaires. Here, inequality is not the outcome of power imbalances, with traceable roots and political structures, but an ahistorical "challenge" just waiting for thought leaders to fix it.
Business Fights Poverty (BFP) is the world's largest business-led network of companies, non-governmental organizations and aid organizations working together to "embed purpose in business," as the company puts it. With a team of over a dozen "challenge managers" and "thought leadership directors," the business of London-based BFP is to amplify a doctrine that some CEOs have been pushing for a while now: that a new and more humane kind of capitalism is underway, in which big business is driven as much by "purpose" as by profits and delivers as many "social returns" as it does financial ones.
Under this "purpose paradigm," doing what's right for society is perfectly compatible with what's right, commercially, for the corporate bottom line. With so many governments failing to protect their people from poverty, exploitation, and climate catastrophe, the logic goes, market solutions—led by ethical, trailblazing CEOs with the support and trust of pragmatic nonprofit partners—are humanity's best hope to alleviate poverty, inequality and toxic political climates.
The Saïd Business School was a fitting venue for such an endeavor: With its slick lobby, its TV screens at every corner and a glass wall facing the street, it looks more like a management consulting firm than a university. Most panel discussions and presentations that day took place in the Nelson Mandela Lecture Theatre, a large hall with a broad podium directly adjacent to the lobby. As I waited for the lecture hall's doors to open and the conference to kick off, I took a seat on one of the burgundy couches close to the window. Here, my eyes fell on a set of brochures advertising some of the school's courses. Only one program explicitly promised students commercial success; all the other programs emphasized the positive social impact graduates of the program could make with their degrees.
The school wasn't pitching profits. It was promising graduates purpose.
The school's MBA program, for example–a one-year full-time course with a price tag of £57,200 ($75,804)–trains students to apply business skills to complex social problems, restore trust "in institutions and each other," and prepares them for overall "purposeful careers." Its executive courses in Impact Investing and Social Finance pledge to equip professionals from workplaces such as USAID, Morgan Stanley, the European Investment Bank, and Oxfam—portrayed as perfectly natural collaborators—with the confidence, leadership skills, and practical tools they need to fight poverty, "make successful deals" and "deliver financial, environmental and social returns" on a global scale. These courses only take five days, but don't come cheap; participants are expected to pay £6,000 ($7,637) for tuition alone. The price tag is indicative of how profitable poverty can be, if fought the right way.
Branson's book is part of a bulging genre of business media and literature concerned with the question on how to attract millennials to corporate jobs through purpose. This genre now includes TED Talks by finance professors; LinkedIn Studies; business articles on news sites like the BBC and The Telegraph; and leadership columns and recruitment-advice pieces on websites such as Forbes.
And the millennial laborer is a "stakeholder"—an intentionally vague term used to obscure power relations between social groups—to be reckoned with. In the United States, millennials made up 35 percent of the workforce in 2017. By 2025, they're expected to represent three-quarters of the workforce. Globally, one in three workers will be a millennial by 2020, according to the Financial Times.
A raft of surveys, articles, and polls suggest that the millennial generation, which came of age during the financial crisis, is skeptical of big business and market solutions. It tends to favor a stronger role for governments, disapproves of tax cuts for the rich, likes trade unions more than their parents do, and feels more sympathy for socialism—which it associates with equality and fairness—than for capitalism.
These polls and surveys about millennial anti-capitalist angst are the foundation of the corporate-purpose zeitgeist, which seeks to win the trust of the millennial and channel her radical energies along market friendly lines.
Contrary to its purported aim, the point of purpose isn't to drive change. It's to make sure any change stays within the tightly bound comfort zone of the world's most powerful executives.
During a visit to Columbia University, my alma mater, in New York City last fall, I learned that here too, there was no escaping purpose. Right outside the entrance of Butler library, I encountered a small but colorful company stand by CLIF Company, tempting students to confide our "purpose in life" in exchange for a free protein bar.
For corporate managers, it takes hard and smart PR work to build an ethical, purposeful corporate reputation—which, if mismanaged, can implode within a matter of days. For Mark Zuckerberg, who has gone out of his way to portray Facebook as a company that's driven by a social mission to do good for the world, 2018 was a terrible year. The seemingly endless stream of ethical scandals that have dogged Facebook since the Cambridge Analytica scandal broke in the spring has left Zuckerberg's depiction of Facebook as a social enterprise in tatters, which—on top of falling stock prices—seems to be taking its toll on its appeal as an employer too.
Purpose is as much about retaining millennials and keeping their trust as it is about recruiting them: The professional services firm PricewaterhouseCoopers employs a "Chief Purpose Officer" to monitor the values of its workers, especially millennial workers, to make sure that they're in sync with the company.
It's in this deliberately tone-deaf McKinseyism that we see the essence of the purpose project at work—namely, to deflect attention away from the fact that corporations are driven by a compulsion to place profit before anything else and to do "the right thing" only when it benefits the bottom line.
The same outlook marked most discussions that I watched and took part in at the conference in Oxford, where any attempt to broach topics like corporate tax evasion, lobbying, and supply-chain exploitation were either ignored or dismissed as "negative." When, during a panel discussion in the afternoon, an NGO worker tried to steer the conversation toward root causes of economic inequality, a tall, middle-aged Unilever manager sitting next to me raised his hand and shouted, with tangible annoyance, that NGOs—his supposedly equal partners—"should stop talking about theories of change but [instead] focus on practice of change." The impatience of the Unilever manager with such "theories" typifies the purpose project's refusal to go beyond vague optimistic slogans and ahistorical branding fantasies.
No executive embodies the promise of "purpose-driven" capitalism as well as another Unilever manager: Paul Polman, a 62-year-old Dutchman who, as he likes to tell the media, considered priesthood before entering business. After 10 years at the rear at Unilever, Polman retired at the end of last year. His company, headquartered in both Rotterdam and London, is known for household brands such as Dove, Knorr, and Lipton Tea.
As the world's largest buyer of palm oil, Unilever has also partnered with NGOs to set up voluntary certification schemes to minimize risks of labor exploitation, forced labor, and deforestation at palm-oil plantations. Again, these come without external oversight or transparency of regulation. Purpose, after all, is the stuff of trust and collaboration: it comes from within.
And trust he has. As a result of his success in "embedding purpose" in Unilever's products, and his repeated calls on fellow CEOs to demonstrate the same "sense of morality" as Unilever, the Financial Times dubs him "a flag bearer of corporate sustainability" with "a tendency to preach," and he's gained praise from influential women's-rights groups, including UN Women, for his fight against sexist stereotypes in advertising. He's pocketed many prestigious global-leadership awards the past years, such as the United Nations "Champion of the Earth" award. Polman's reputation as a "purpose-driven" CEO has landed him in leadership and advisory positions at major business councils, employer organizations, and even the United Nations, where he's advised two secretaries general on ethical—and crucially, self-regulated—business practices and poverty alleviation.
He's turned this logic onto his employees too. According to Polman, Unilever attracts nearly 2 million applicants every year. In 2014, he told an interviewer from McKinsey that workers engagement and motivation at Unilever had soured since he took over as CEO. Today, a "remarkable 90 percent of employees" express pride in working for Unilever," notes the company's latest annual report.
Polman understands that, unless the private sector "lifts its purpose" to Unilever's level, the "millennial challenge" might jeopardize the industry's ability to attract the best and brightest people. "Seventy-five percent of graduates of US universities don't want to work for big corporates anymore," he told an audience of corporate executives in London in 2016. "They just don't feel it's cool," he added at Stanford. The desire of this generation to "make a difference in life" and work for organizations with "a strong social purpose" is "a big challenge in many companies," Polman told students, because "trust is low in business and trust in CEOs is even lower." Solving this "challenge', from his perspective, means that Unilever-like capitalism, while an outlier today, must soon turn into the norm.
In reality, a Unilever-like capitalism is fundamentally ill-equipped to bequeath the economy with the conscience that young people are demanding. Polman's own actions in 2018 show us why.
Compared to the warm bath that business schools and UN offices have been for Polman, in his own country, the Netherlands, he's been dogged by cold showers. It all started on 10 October 2017, when the newly formed Dutch government announced the scrapping of the Dividend Withholding Tax (Dividendbelasting), a tax paid by shareholders in Dutch companies over the dividends they receive. None of the ruling parties had mentioned the tax scrap—which would cost the Dutch treasury an estimated 2 billion euros every year—in their election manifestos, so the measure came as a huge surprise to the electorate. But not to Paul Polman, who viewed the tax scrap as a sign of progress and, as it would turn out later, had fiercely lobbied the government in The Hague to make it happen. It might have helped that the Dutch Prime Minister, Mark Rutte, had been a Unilever manager for over a decade.
In defending the tax scrap, Rutte framed the measure as being in the national interest, necessary to attract and retain multinationals. Leaving the tax intact, he argued, would be irresponsible, as it would risk losing multinational businesses to the UK, where shareholders don't pay tax over their dividends. Save for a handful of business leaders, most people found Rutte's case unconvincing.
"There is no evidence that this costly measure would benefit the Dutch economy. It is mainly a gift to foreign governments and some foreign shareholders," Bas Jacobs, a professor of public economics at Erasmus University in Rotterdam said, in a phone call. Moreover, it could contribute "to widening the gap between capital and labor, between rich and poor." Even Rutte's coalition partners, aware of how deeply unpopular the measure was, couldn't convincingly defend the measure. Going along with it anyway, one of them told the press, felt like "swallowing a melon." A poll carried out in early September 2018, when the "D-word" had dominated Dutch politics for nearly a year, showed that only 11 percent of the population supported the tax scrap.
During these months, Polman's role as the leading lobbying force behind the measure had come to the fore. Internal memos from the Ministries of Finance and Economic Affairs, obtained through Freedom of Information requests by academics and journalists, revealed that Polman had all but promised the government to reward the tax scrap by moving its London headquarters to Rotterdam.
When opposition leaders accused Rutte of allowing himself to be blackmailed by Unilever (and of behaving like "the errand boy of Big Capital," to quote the leader of the Dutch Socialist Party) and insisted that the relocation of Unilever's London office to Rotterdam could not possibly be worth 2 billion euros annually, Rutte fired back that dodging the tax was not about the wishes of one company (i.e., Unilever).
It was Polman and he had bad news: Unilever's shareholders had rejected his plan to move to Rotterdam, leaving Polman unable to fulfill his part of the tax deal. A few days later, Rutte announced that the Dividendbelasting would stay, after all. But it wasn't just the political opposition or falling approval ratings that had caused Rutte's U-turn; it was Paul Polman. Never before had the influence of big business over Dutch politics been so out in the open. And never before had Rutte suffered a credibility crisis this dramatic.
When pressed in an interview late November, Polman admitted that he had pushed for the move to Rotterdam because "we [at Unilever] do what's good for the company." His comment proves what the purpose paradigm so zealously denies: that CEOs—never mind their individual character—can and will exacerbate inequality and fuel toxic politics when it benefits their bottom line.
Just a week before Polman sent Rutte that early-morning text, the central tenet of the purpose paradigm—the idea that doing good is good for business—had already blown up in front of Polman's eyes during a debate between Polman and journalist and author Anand Giridharadas in New York City. The debate was hosted by the Unilever-owned condiments producer Sir Kensington's and moderated by Quartz At Work editor Heather Landy.
In the debate, Giridharadas, whose new book Winners Take All, the Elite Charade of Changing the World warns against corporate-led change initiatives, challenged Polman on his optimistic claims about the potential of business and market forces to drive progressive change. Thirty-four minutes in, he took out his phone and told Polman he'd offer him the "opportunity to make history" and back up his purpose talk with action.
What he showed him was an advertisement of the product Fair & Lovely, a skin-whitening cream by Hindustan Unilever that targets girls and women primarily in India with an unmistakable message of white superiority. Telling the story of a young Indian woman whose life, career, and family relations went from miserable to successful after she started using Fair & Lovely, the ad directly clashes with the aims of Polman's Dove product line, which claims to boost the self-esteem of millions of women through advertising and self-esteem workshops.
When pressed by Giridharadas to condemn the ad and take the product off the market, Polman refused, arguing that it "wouldn't solve the problem," since other companies would simply take over their market share.
When even the most "ethical" CEO feels compelled to capitalize on and actively entrench white supremacy when the market presents him that opportunity, it's a sign that the Purpose Paradigm really only knows one winner.
Instead of admitting that his "win-win" claim is a corporate fantasy, Polman called Giridharadas's tactic counterproductive. Dismissing the Fair & Lovely paradox as a "micro issue," he urged the journalist to "focus on the bigger picture" and "think of global systemic solutions and collaborations that focus on how companies compete at a global level" and move it "to a higher level of operating." That, Polman said, is what drives him and why he lives "in a solution space" rather than point fingers.
To fully grasp the emptiness of Polman's insistence on "systemic solutions" and "global collaboration," it's worth a look at the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, where for a week in October, a coalition of governments, trade unions, civil-society groups, and feminist organizations gathered for the fourth time since 2014 to push for exactly that: a new global instrument to raise corporate standards to a higher level. Rather than depend on corporate goodwill, the instrument has the potential to overturn "the state of impunity that has relied on the good will of corporations to make amends," notes the Association of Women's Rights in Development.
Neither Unilever and Polman weighed in on the proposed treaty; Unilever did not answer four e-mails inviting the company to share its views. But the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), which Polman chairs, has actively lobbied against the treaty. Why? Because the purpose of the treaty is to turn unenforceable, voluntary self-regulatory initiatives of corporations into legally binding obligations.
Proponents of the treaty want it to regulate "in international human rights law, the activities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises" and to promote international cooperation between governments to limit the power that corporations now have over states. The ICC, on its part, has warned that actually enforceable rules would be a "big step backwards" and jeopardize the "huge success" made under self-regulated corporate initiatives.
A six-month long investigation into Unilever's supply chain in 2017 by five millennial journalists from Investico, a Dutch platform for investigative journalism, did not find evidence to back up Unilever's leadership claims either. At the five certified palm-oil plantations that they visited in Indonesia, as part of the investigation, the team encountered the same environmental and labor violations that are known to be pervasive among non-certified plantations. In India, they found that Unilever's solution to people's limited access to soap—namely, to sell soap in small, cheap mayonnaise-size sachets—was causing plastic wastage and pollution problems.
"They claim that there's no trade-off between profit, people, and planet, but in our own research, that's where we definitely hit a wall with them," he added.
I left the Oxford conference well before the closing session ended, and on my way back to the train station, I took off my lanyard. Even though I'd left the "purpose that drives me" field blank, I don't think I was all that different from most of the other guests, who'd filled it in with the cause of their choice. We were all there because we wanted to see an end to poverty and exploitation; it was the conference, and the purpose paradigm it represents, that was misguided.
By making the systemic causes of poverty and exploitation imperceptible and obscuring the fact that real justice requires a radical redistribution of corporate profits, the purpose paradigm derails and delays progress. As a self-serving corporate fantasy, the purpose paradigm is designed to win trust that isn't earned, perpetuate power that is not legitimate, and preserve a lack of governmental oversight under which corporations compete with each other for profits.
Through college campuses, UN agencies, NGOs, corporate foundations, and aid organizations, the purpose paradigm has taken on a life, logic, and even an economy of its own. But now, the emergence of "Purpose Officers" suggests that the real threat to the bottom line is seen as the dissent that comes from within. Ultimately, CEOs like Paul Polman understand perfectly that it's their own workers—and their ability to define and "embed" purpose on their own terms—that they should be most scared of.
Maria HengeveldTwitterMaria Hengeveld investigates and writes about feminism, globalization, and workers' rights. She's a PhD student and Gates Scholar at the University of Cambridge and a contributing editor at Africa is a Country.


That's where you want to quarry. You can set up ender quarries at the top of the world and mine about 200 levels of goodies in as big an area as you want. That being said, I'd caution you against one thing I did which is to include tendrils of something you want a lot of.
To set up a quarry stone crushing plant may be in 4 steps: quarry planning, securing a quarry site, choose the quarry equipment, operate and maintain the plant. Calculating the investment cost for stone crushing plant is very important. Stone Crushing Plant Project.
· Also yes you can just place the tesseract next to the quarry, personally i always use an ender chest on top of the quarry as a buffer for the items and a tesseract for the power. This is a better set up.
· Simple quarry setup. Discussion in 'General FTB chat' started by WauloK, Apr 1, 2014. ... 2-3 magmatics kept full with ender tank hooked up to the quarry by leadstone pipes would be much more efficient for early game quarrying Cptqrk, Apr 1, ... Once set, it needs no input from me until it hits bedrock. malicious_bloke, Apr 2, 2014 #14.
Best Practices for Quarry Business Plans. The idea of writing a business plan is intimidating to most aspiring quarry owners. A good quarry business plan, however, is a reality check that gauges your business instincts against hard industry numbers. After the plan has been completed, its effectiveness will largely depend on what you do next.
· Quarry & Workshop Equipment - Stone Quarries and Beyond. Nov 4, 2017 We are trying to date the saw style and find out where it may have come from and if there are others left Stone saw set up in yard in 2010 Wardwell's Stone Quarrying Machine, "Scientific American," March 29, 1873.
· Proficient quarry plant automation is a big business cost saver. The installation of proficient plant automation in quarries across the world is plant set-up as a whole, allowing them to identify problems and plant bottlenecks.
Other Essays Like How to Set Up One Complete Mobile Quarry Plant. How To Do A Tune Up 1785 words - 8 pages Complete System Check In order for a car owner to do a successful tune up he or she must first know what they are tuning up. I will be describing how to tune up a 1990 Ford Mustang, but the tune up is comparable on every car.


text:
Clarifying the Role of the Refugee Appeal Division: Huruglica v Canada
by Juan De Villa · September 17, 2014
In Huruglica v Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [2014] FCJ No 845, a decision released on August 22, 2014, the Federal Court clarified that the Refugee Appeal Division (RAD) of the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB) serves an appellate, rather than a judicial review, function.
The applicants—Bujar Huruglica, Hanife Huruglica, and Sadije Ramadani—are citizens of Kosovo that applied for refugee status in Canada in 2012 on the basis that their families were considered to be traitors to Islam by an Islamic extremist group, the Wahhabi. Bujar, Sadije, and Sadije's son, Halit (whose refugee claim was joined to the applicants but was not part of the RAD proceeding) had all worked for the US government or US government contractors at some point in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Kosovo.
In 2011, Halit's wife received calls threatening death unless Halit stopped working with the US military in Iraq. The police provided little assistance and Halit and his wife subsequently travelled to the US and then to Canada, where they claimed refugee protection. In 2012, members of Wahhabi visited Sadije in her home and threatened to kill her and her family because they were traitors to Islam. The police did nothing and Sadije fled to the US. In 2013, Hanife received a call threatening her husband, Bujar. Also unable to get an adequate response from the police, the two left for the US and later travelled to Canada with Hanife's mother, Sadije.
On June 19, 2013, the Refugee Protection Division (RPD) found that the applicants were not convention refugees. Although the RPD decision found the evidence to have been given in a straightforward manner, the RPD stated that the time the applicants had spent in the US on visitors' visas without making a refugee claim in the US undermined their credibility. The RPD also found that the documentary evidence did not support the power and presence of Islamic extremists in Kosovo put forward by the applicants.
The subsequent appeal to the RAD was heard on September 5, 2013 and the decision was issued on the same day. The presiding board member, without further oral or additional evidence, confirmed the RPD's decision. In its decision, the RAD dealt with the standard of review to be applied by an administrative tribunal and concluded that it was appropriate to apply a reasonableness standard to the RPD's decision.
The issues that were identified by the Court in this judicial review were what standard of review to apply to the RAD's determination that a reasonableness standard was appropriate with respect to the RPD's decision, whether the RAD erred in determining that the RPD's decision was reviewable on a standard of reasonableness, and whether the RPD's state protection determination as adopted by the RAD is legally sustainable.
Note that the state protection issue will not be a focus of this piece because it was not extensively commented on in the Court's decision.
The Court found that correctness was the appropriate standard of review to be applied by the Court to the RAD's determination of the standard of review to apply to the RPD decision. This finding was based on three reasons: (1) no clear determination had been made by the Federal Court of the standard of review to be applied in these kinds of cases; (2) selecting an appropriate standard of review is a legal question outside of the RAD's expertise; and (3) a determination of the standard of review to be applied by appellate tribunals has significance beyond the refugee context.
Given the particulars of the circumstances, the Court determined that the RAD had indeed erred in applying a reasonableness standard to the RPD's decision. In coming to this conclusion, the Court emphasized that the RAD possesses a distinct role from that of the Federal Court, stating that reviewing RPD decisions simply for reasonableness would only duplicate the role of judicial review. While there are circumstances where applying a reasonableness standard to the RPD may be appropriate—for example, in instances where credibility is a determinative issue—a broadly deferential approach is not justified.
The creation of an appellate tribunal indicates that Parliament intended to achieve something other than what is available upon judicial review, a principle summarized in British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals v British Columbia (Farm Industry Review Board), 2013 BCSC 2331. The Court thus stated that:
in creating an appellate body, within the executive branch of government, the principle standard of review, a function of the division of powers between the executive and the judiciary, is of lesser importance and applicability.
The relationship between the RPD and the RAD, therefore, resembles the relationship between a trial and appellate court. Furthermore, the RAD possesses broad remedial powers which include the ability to substitute its own determination, unlike judicial review as well as expertise that is, at the very least, equal to that of the RPD.
In concluding that the RAD erred in applying a reasonableness standard to the RPD decision, the Court further concluded that the RAD is required to review every aspect of an RPD decision and conduct its own independent assessment. The RAD "is not restricted, as an appellate court is, to intervening on facts only where there is a 'palpable and overriding error'" (para 55).
The Court gave the involved parties 30 days to make their submissions on how the question(s) to be certified should be worded. While the RAD has existed in the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, SC 2001, c 27 (IRPA) for some time, it did not become operational until December 15, 2012. It will be interesting to see what further guidance the RAD receives from the Federal Courts with respect to the RAD's function in the IRB.
Because the RAD did not become operational until somewhat recently, it is not surprising that issues have arisen regarding its proper function in the adjudication of refugee matters. As the decision in Huruglica indicates, it is imperative that the RAD does not simply duplicate the role of the RPD. Distinguishing the RPD's role from that of the Federal Court is especially important given the limited options possessed by those whose claims fail at the RPD stage and the current government's restrictive attitude towards refugee matters. Considering the fact that many claimants do not have access to the RAD simply because of their countries of origin or issues of credibility, it is imperative that the RAD play a meaningful and distinct role in the refugee determination process.
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Metal Gear Survive is wreckage of the long battle between the series' lead creator, Hideo Kojima, and Konami, his long-time employer who ditched him three years ago. Kojima split with Konami after a lifetime of making Metal Gear games, going back to the first in 1987. Survive is Konami's attempt to make a new one without him. It's a bad game that's more fascinating than I expected.
Trapped within the Kojima-Konami conflict were numerous programmers, artists, and designers left behind. In the end, they made a game about trying to survive disaster. It is captivating in implication and occasionally clever in execution.
Metal Gear Survive starts at the end of Metal Gear Solid V: Ground Zeroes. After an attack destroys the home base of Big Boss' mercenary empire, the survivors of the attack are swallowed by a massive wormhole that drops them into a dusty wasteland swarming with nanotechnological zombies hell bent on killing every last human being on the planet. You control a customizable soldier from Big Boss' army thrust into that ruined world. You must gather survivors, craft weapons and armor, and survive long enough to find a way back home.
Let's not beat around the bush: Metal Gear Survive is the story of a loyal soldier left behind by their boss and tossed into a hellscape of reused Phantom Pain assets where they must build some type of meaningful existence out of the accumulated debris. The bizarre dimension is called Dite, referring to the massive city that encompassed the last four circles of Hell in Dante Alighieri's The Divine Comedy. The player's chief radio support team member is an artificial intelligence called Virgil. Your hero of this story is trapped in what might literally be Hell itself, where familiar settings from Metal Gear Solid V crop out of the dust as a reminder of what was and what will never be again.
"Why are we still here? Just to suffer?"
Finished the campaign in about 15 hours. Played roughly 12 more in multiplayer.
Other Metal Gear games were about the dangers of digital information, the tragedy of being an action hero, and the nature of loyalty and patriotism. This one is about thankless labor. The single player mode is a tiresome series of missions to gather survivors and build a home base that can withstand an endless zombie horde. The player ventures out, gathers supplies, and builds a makeshift fort while also searching for food and water. Every moment of Metal Gear Survive is a struggle to merely exist. This struggle is miserable and mistakes are calamitous. If you die, you are dropped back at your base before the start of your current mission. Once, in Survive, I fought in a 16-minute wave defense near the end of the game and died with about four seconds remaining. I needed to embark on a long journey across the game world and start that lengthy defense over again. That's excessive even by standards of the genre. Even with supposedly difficult games like Dark Souls, you're not more than a few minutes from either your goal or another bonfire. Metal Gear Survive punishes failure by making you spend more time with Metal Gear Survive.
There are brief moments when the game works well. There are moments when it feels like a worthwhile, interesting struggle to survive in a strange and hostile world. You'll break a gun, embarking on a dangerous mission to find loose screws to repair it and gunpowder to craft more bullets. You'll eagerly wait for a potato harvest on your makeshift farm and lament when it yields two measly crops. You'll slink through a derelict oil rig, the inside lit with iridescent crystal formations, and you'll sneak past a hive of nano-spiders to recover antibiotics. These moments come and go in flashes, but will likely inspire more anger than wonder when you're dumped back into a boring hike through the rest of Survive's drab and forgettable world.
Multiplayer matches bring the action into focus for brief periods. In them, a small team of players must defend a location against three waves of increasingly difficult enemies. They can craft weapons and defenses to drive off the throng of zombies. Ramshackle wooden barricades and wobbly fences buckle against the horde. Each round demands quick thinking and tactical planning. At higher levels, bases turn into a Home Alone maze of automatic turrets, flame traps, and mortar emplacements that reduce enemies to dust. Watching zombies slam into barricades and stumble into trip mines is consistently mesmerizing.
Like water and food, satisfying gameplay is scarce in Survive. The bit of it that is there is undercut by a progression system that makes hours of playing a grind. Players accumulate tons of resources to build better gear and weapons in a core loop that may bump a defense statistic or craft a more powerful shotgun. The player is stuck in a gameplay purgatory where they tread water for meager rewards, slowly leveling up to work through a character upgrade tree that offers few benefits. While the tree does offer useful special attacks, such as a powerful thrust attack for spears, players will mostly dump points into stat upgrades that never seem to make things easier. Playing Metal Gear Survive feels like work, an act of labor the player performs day after day in the hope of getting new things and maybe achieving some sense of comfort and satisfaction. It never comes. No matter how many defenses you build, no matter how many rifles you assemble, there's never a sense that anything you've built matters. It feels like building Legos in the desert. What's the point?
Far Cry 2 and Splinter Cell designer Clint Hocking explored this moment in a 2011 GDC talk called Dynamics: The State of the Art. He focused on the concept of 'dynamics' as defined a 2004 Northwestern University research paper by Robin Hunicke, Marc LeBlanc, and Robert Zubek that defines dynamics as "the run-time behavior of the mechanics acting on player inputs and each others' outputs over time." Hocking explains that the exertion of mechanics on the player can generate thematically resonant gameplay moments that tie into a game's larger message. With the right combination of dynamics, gameplay can impart meaningful messages to the player. Far Cry 2 is a game about the futility and brutality of war. Abraham's experience is dynamic, as a combination of systems such as fire-spreading and enemy animations simulating severe injury created a moment where he empathized with his enemy and felt, in grave detail, the utter nihilism and dread that combat generates. Through gameplay and mechanics, he found the message of Far Cry 2.
Metal Gear Survive is a game filled with dynamic moments, but the corresponding message they convey is disheartening. I experienced this in a moment of revelation during a rescue mission. Responding to a distress signal, I snuck past a handful of wandering zombies to recover a fallen soldier. To return him to base, I needed to cross a hillside teeming with enemies and reach an outpost where I could activate a teleporter. Sneaking into the small outpost, I disposed of some zombies in the courtyard and hid the fallen soldier in a shack that I barricaded with a chain link fence.
When I activated the teleporter, every nearby zombie—a horde numbering at least 35 raging monsters—descended on my position. I tried to fend them off, but they eventually broke through. I climbed on top of a large box and stabbed one of them to death with a spear. Then I stabbed another. And another. One by one, I stabbed until they were all dead. By the end of it, my weapon was broken. A heap of corpses rested at my feet. I jumped off the box and began to harvest resources from every single corpse. I used my knife to carve each zombie. This took several minutes. It was madness. By the end, I had acquired a heap of energy for leveling up my character and crafting resources. Satisfied, I entered the portal and returned to base. There was one problem: I had forgotten to bring the helpless distressee back with me.
Metal Gear Survive is a game where you set out with any number of purposes—save lost soldiers, hunt for food, investigate energy anomalies—and lose all sense of your goals as you are side-tracked by the never ending spiral of killing and consuming everything around you. As bodies mount and resources pile, any semblance of purposeful play fades away until you, like the zombies you intend to battle, wander forever in a perpetual process of acquisition and consumption. It is mindless. In that moment on that box, the game impressed that mindlessness on me with such clarity that I felt disgusted. I had found the message of Metal Gear Survive: nothing matters.
Metal Gear Survive comes off as a cry for help. Its team is comprised of series veterans as well as key artists and designers from other abandoned Konami franchises. The game's distinctive zombies were created by Silent Hill creature designer Masahiro Ito, famed for his design of the iconic Pyramid Head. Ito's designs feel wasted in Metal Gear Survive. Producer Yuji Korekado has worked on the series since Metal Gear Solid and pushed back against Kojima during the production of Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots. An easter egg in the game seemingly refers to him as "Cunning Yuji." Metal Gear Survive feels fractured, a product of disparate minds forced to cobble together a Metal Gear game that will capture players in an unceasing spiral of grinding and toil. It is a torture device that not even Hieronymus Bosch could have conceived of.
As angry as this game may make Metal Gear fans, the game itself seems even angrier. This is illustrated by how Survive uses a key piece of series iconography: the Metal Gear. Throughout the series, Metal Gear units fulfill a variety of narrative and thematic functions. Metal Gear Solid, the third game in the series, introduced Metal Gear REX, a walking battle tank that used a railgun to launch undetectable nukes. Much as the move to PlayStation marked the series' transition into the "solid" realm of 3D, REX marked a paradigm shift within Metal Gear's world fiction where weapons and technology supplant flesh and blood soldiers. Metal Gear Solid 2's Metal Gear RAY was designed to destroying derivative Metal Gear units based on Metal Gear REX. That game was all about deconstructing Metal Gear Solid, and RAY was a manifestation of that destructive, subversive impulse. Metal Gear units are always more than just giant mechs—they are symbols intimately tied to each game's thematic goals.
In Metal Gear Survive, the only Metal Gear the player encounters is the ruined corpse of Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain's Metal Gear Sahelanthropus. The flagship mech of Kojima's final directorial hurrah is broken and gathering dust. It is the job of the player, the job of one of the remaining Mother Base soldiers, to revive Sahelanthropus for a climactic battle against the Lord of Dust, the massive nano-tech giant controlling the game's zombies. Through reviving one of the last remnants of Kojima's final stand, loyal players annihilate an icon of mindless consumption hell bent on ruining the Metal Gear universe. Survive's endgame has been devoted to preventing the Lord of Dust from carrying out a perpetual cycle that destroys everything the player has ever known. When the player takes aim using Sahelanthropus' restored rail cannon, the Lord of Dust's weak point might as well be a glowing Konami logo.
Metal Gear Survive's team managed to make a game both bad to play and fascinating to examine. Survive finds itself in small moments but is lost to grinding, mindless gameplay. The point of Metal Gear Survive is that there is no point; there is nothing that cannot be broken down for the grossest material consumption. You might find some insights poking around the wreckage, but at the end of the day it's still a pile of junk.


Photo from the 2011 CD Garden Tour.
Alleycat Acres and Central Cinema are leading a community bike ride around the Central District Saturday to tour the incredible back yard gardens in my neighborhood.
Biking from garden-to-garden last year was one of the highlights of my summer (well, ok, almost summer), so I'm very excited that there will be a community bike ride for the first time this year. Gardens stretch from Madison Valley to Jackson, so it's a little far to cover entirely on foot, but too close together for transit. Sounds perfect for a welcoming group bike cruise, eh?
The CD Garden Tour runs from 11 a.m. – 4 p.m. and starts at 23rd and Union. The bike ride will meet at 11:45 a.m. for a noon start. Tickets are $7 in advance or $10 the day of the tour.
To the uninitiated, the CD Garden Tour might sound boring. You could not be more wrong.
It turns out, many of your neighbors keep some of the most breathtaking gardens you have ever seen. Some have beautiful mosaic walkways handmade over years or even decades. Others are bursting with colors and smells, sometimes carefully manicured, sometimes terrifically wild. And you have an opportunity to tour many of these awe-inspiring back yards Saturday from 10 a.m. – 4 p.m.
Cascade Edible Landscapes will be selling pesticide-free veggie and fruit starts. Union Biscuit will sell wholesome dog treats. There will also be pottery by Sandi Berlin and garden themed greeting cards and calendars by artist Mary Magenta. Alleycat Acres' two community gardens are Check it Out features. They are also organizing a group bicycle Garden Tour that leaves GT12 HQ at 11:45am.
This year's theme is edibles, urban and kids' gardens, and public art. And it can all be found "On The Street Where You Live," their motto for the year. Residential gardens, community and teaching gardens, and local art will be highlighted.
In this bike-loving editor's opinion, biking is by far the best way to get around during the tour. Featured gardens last year stretched from Madison Valley to Jackson, so a bike is useful if you want to see it all. If you want to ride with others, Alleycat Acres and Central Cinema are leading a community bike ride from garden-to-garden. Meet at 23rd and Union at 11:45 a.m. (leaves at noon).
If you buy your tickets now, they are only $7. They go up to $10 at the 23rd and Union GT12 HQ, so get them early. Tickets are available online or at City Peoples (29th and Madison), Central Cinema (21st and Union) and Leschi Market (103 Lakeside Ave).
This entry was posted in news and tagged alleycat acres, central cinema, central district, central district news, events, garden tour, madison valley. Bookmark the permalink.
That sounds like fun! I'm riding Flying Wheels however, or else I'd be riding this.


Hi, welcome to Mind Amend! My name is Jason Lewis and I'm the editor, creator and producer of the Mind Amend music range of products. My main focus is on producing brainwave entrainment audio tracks using isochronic tones. If you've only just discovered this technology and don't know how it works, I'd recommend you start by reading my overview of how brainwave entrainment works.
Often a lower price can mean a lower quality product, but not in this case. I've deliberately kept the price of my audio tracks very low because I want the average person to be able to afford and benefit from them.
Many of my brainwave entrainment tracks come with 7 different background sound options, including a 'just tones' version without any music. With my newer products, I will be releasing single MP3s and then adding more background sound options for each product as time goes on.
This gives you some variety so that you can choose a sound that matches your mood or preference, and it stops you from getting bored listening to the same track all the time.
What you may not know, is that if you keep listening to the same brainwave entrainment track over and over, eventually the effects can start to diminish, which is referred to as habituation. But you can help prevent this from happening, by listening to the same isochronic tones session but with a variety of different background sounds.
So this variety doesn't just make the experience more pleasant, it makes each isochronic tones product more effective.
You won't find a brainwave entrainment product anywhere online that offers the same value, variety and quality that you can get from Mind Amend.
I've had a strong interest in self-development for about 20 years and I love discovering new and simple methods to help improve the way we think, act and respond, to the ups and downs of everyday life.
I first came across brainwave entrainment (BWE) sometime around 2005, when I was given a couple of binaural beats CD's to help improve concentration. My first impression was that it sounded a bit weird, almost like a washing machine going round and round, with a load of static in the background. Even though I trusted the opinion of the person who gave me the CD's, I've got to admit I was pretty sceptical about the whole concept and didn't really give it a chance. After a couple of listens, I'm embarrassed to say I put the CD's into a drawer and just forgot about them.
About a year or so later I came across brainwave entrainment again, but this time it was isochronic tones, not binaural beats. Because it was a different type of brainwave entrainment, I decided to give it another go, just out of curiosity.
Within a few minutes, I could really tell the difference. My brain felt like it had suddenly kicked up a few gears and I was feeling some unusual throbbing sensations and warmth in my brain. I'd never experienced anything like it. I had to know more about the technology and in my research for more information about isochronic tones, I discovered and started using the software which created them, called Neuro-Programmer 2.
My fascination quickly grew. I became an avid user of brainwave entrainment and began sharing the isochronic tones tracks I'd created with friends and family members. I progressed onto using the more advanced Mind WorkStation Enterprise when it was launched in 2008 and I still use it daily today.
In 2012 I decided to start sharing my brainwave entrainment tracks with a wider audience and I launched the Mind Amend YouTube channel, Within a few months things started to take off and to date, my YouTube videos have had over 33 million views and 27,000+ comments. I'm continuously humbled by the vast amount of positive feedback and video views I get every day.
I want to be clear that I'm not a doctor or a trained medical professional. There aren't any formal qualifications in brainwave entrainment that I'm aware of, as the technology hasn't reached a level where official accreditation can be obtained. My knowledge and experience come from personally using, researching and creating my own brainwave entrainment audio tracks, for many years now. Probably the best way to describe me would be a brainwave entrainment enthusiast, as that's essentially what I am.
I have attended the only two live brainwave entrainment training webinars held by TransparentCorp.com, the first over 4 days, the second over 3 days. You can see my certification of completion for each training event below.


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Atlanta History — Peachtree And Auburn
If you're trying to figure out how hip hop works in Atlanta – you inevitably start asking yourself how the city itself works. Sooner or later it becomes clear that the structure of the hip hop community in Atlanta is inextricably tied to the structure of the city and its economic history. Gary Pomerantz's 1996 book Where Peachtree Meets Sweet Auburn tells Atlanta's story by following the rise of two of Atlanta's most influential families – one black and one white – that gave the city its most famous mayors. There's tons of great trivia here: Atlanta was originally called Terminus, then Marthasville, then someone decided to call it Atlanta, a made up name, a feminization of "Atlantic"; Glen Iris Drive becomes Randolph Street once you pass over Ralph McGill because whites didn't want to live on the same street as blacks (in name only apparently) – but the best parts of the book detail the intertwining economic and racial histories of Atlanta. Atlanta became the South's commercial center because it almost always put economics over race (most notably, after the Civil War, with Booker T. Washington's "Atlanta Compromise"; and later, while many large Southern cities crippled themselves with racist policies and racial unrest in the 1960′s and 70′s, Atlanta's black and white business elite were carefully negotiating to avoid the same fate). Much of Where Peachtree Meets Sweet Auburn is devoted to stories in which racial and political friction is eased by putting the city's business concerns first. Not to say that Atlanta doesn't have a complicated racial history (take a drive down Auburn Street today), but looking at the city as an economic entity first, goes a long way towards explaining that history – and the history of Atlanta hip hop. A 1913 investment brochure from Atlanta's Chamber of Commerce describes the city as "Beautiful, hustling, sunny Atlanta". It's almost a hundred years later and the hustle hasn't left.
Photo: "In one of the most enduring images of modern Atlanta, Mayor Maynard Jackson sits before the $100,000 reward money offered during the Missing & Murdered crisis of 1979-82."
- Where Peachtree Meets Sweet Auburn; pg. 314
You are currently reading Atlanta History — Peachtree And Auburn at .
Oulipo by Mignolo


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Q: Transition freezes for a moment after moving a couple pixels - SwiftUI I have a grid view with a floating button overlaid on top, which appears and disappears through the bottom edge (using .transition(.move(edge: .bottom)). However, when it disappears, a.k.a when it slides back down, it freezes for a second, and then goes all the way down. I've been trying to pinpoint the culprit, but I haven't found anything – it's not because I'm using an overlay, nor is it because of the safe area, and it's not due to the button's shape.
Here's a screen recording showing the button appearing and disappearing, and the momentary freezing.
And this is what my code looks like:
var body: some View {
    ScrollView {
        // ...
    }
    .overlay(alignment: .bottom) {
        VStack {
            if condition {
                Button(action: { /* ... */ }) {
                    Text("Share")
                }
                .background { LinearGradient(...) }
                .clipShape(Capsule())
                .transition(.move(edge: .bottom))
            }
        }
        .animation(.linear, value: condition)
    }
}

Any idea why the transition momentarily freezes like this?


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My job is perhaps seen as being on the less glamorous side of Theatre, but is far from it! I have the daily privilege of speaking with and meeting people from all walks of life, from aspiring theatre companies to business executives, and from band promoters to yoga instructors – you never know who might want to connect with the organisation and to make use of the services we offer. Business Development is ultimately about supporting the charitable aims of the organisation through nurturing relationships that eventually generate financial income. We have a very unique product in that we have amazing spaces, complete with an expert team that love running performances and events and taking on challenges. Besides this we also have offices that we rent out to local charities, a great catering service, and can even offer advice and support services to smaller organisations. My role looks after quite a broad remit, but ultimately it all comes down to building relationships with people, and acting as a representative on behalf of the Albany team.
How did you get into the arts, and this particular career?
I actually studied Drama at university, and spent some time as an actor after that. I had always worked while I took acting roles, and since before university I had always enjoyed the face-to-face interaction of sales and retail roles. My first 'proper' job was working in Diplomatic and Military Sales for an Automotive company, and then moved into Corporate Sales – this was an incredible experience, and it taught me a huge amount about how to deal with various types of people from different sectors. I also spent some time on courses designed to teach about sales processes, and about customer service. As an actor, learning these practical and interpersonal skills came quite naturally and I really enjoyed this aspect of the job. From there, I decided consciously that I wanted to take this skillset and to apply it to the Arts sector, as I really wanted to be able to support the industry that I love.
What is the trickiest part of your job?
The trickiest part of the job is making sure that both our team, and our customers and partners understand each other, and that all of the details of an event, booking or partnership are correct. With any work around delivering a service, there is always an element of 'managing expectations' – making sure everyone understands what the service needs to be, and what is possible within time and money restrictions.
Do you have any advice for others who want to pursue similar careers?
Don't underestimate the 'background' jobs within the Arts sector. There is real value in being specific in your skillset, and finding your niche; many organisations are diversifying the types of work they do. Jobs like Administration, Development, and Operations are so good for giving you an overview of how venues function; even if you fancy yourself as a Programmer, Marketer or a Producer, a broad understanding of the 'hows' and 'whys' will be so valuable in the early stages of your career.


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Proverbs (Wise sayings of Suleiman) in the Dungan language
IBT has published the book of Proverbs in Dungan, a language closely related to Mandarin Chinese with influence from Arabic, Persian, Russian, Kyrgyz and other languages. About 110,000 Dungans live in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, with up to 10 million more in China. While Dungans in China use the standard Chinese writing system, since the 1920s Dungans in Central Asia have used a separate orthography, which was converted to Cyrillic letters in the early 1950s.
The first book of the Bible translated into Dungan was the Gospel of Mark, published by IBT in 2002. This was followed by the Four Gospels and Acts in 2006 and the Pentateuch in 2012. Proverbs was chosen as the next Scripture portion because Wisdom literature speaks a universal language that is understood equally well by all cultures around the world. This edition received official approval from the Center for Dungan Studies at the Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyzstan. Dungan scholars wanted to make this book as accessible as possible for Dungan speakers, which is why the translation was published in parallel columns together with the text of Proverbs in Russian, Chinese, and Pinyin (Chinese spelled with Roman letters), as well as with an accompanying audio recording of the Dungan text on a CD. The book was likewise illustrated by a Dungan artist in Dungan artistic style in order to maximize its visual appeal to potential readers.
The Wise Sayings of Suleiman were officially presented to Dungan society in Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan, on April 24. The presentation was organized by IBT together with the Center for Dungan Studies and the Chen He International Foundation for Cultural Integration, and was held at the Kyrgyz National Library. It is our sincere hope that many Dungans will be interested in this publication.


The self-driving car is no longer firmly planted in the science-fiction realm; Google has made sure of that. But the masses probably wouldn't yet be comfortable letting cars completely think for themselves. In the interim, automakers are rolling out innovations that will make the completely self-driving car a little less shocking when it arrives in the not-too-distant future.
First we saw Volvo's self-driving road trains, which let people take their hands off the wheel while on the highway. Now Ford has announced that it's working on traffic jam assist technology–an automated system that could take over when drivers are trapped in traffic. Considering that drivers are on average stuck in traffic 30% of the time, that's giving a significant amount of control over to the car.
No word on a release date for the technology, but considering that Volvo is already testing its system on highways and Google has a fleet of self-driving cars, it probably won't be long.


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15-01: Plea Agreements; Waiver; Ineffective Assistance; Conflict of Interest; Criminal Representation
The conflict-of-interest rules prohibit a defense attorney from advising a criminal defendant to waive the defendant's right to raise that attorney's ineffective assistance of counsel. The ethical rules also prohibit a prosecutor from insisting that a defendant waive the right to raise ineffective assistance of counsel and prosecutorial misconduct claims. Opinion 95-08 is accordingly withdrawn.
10-03: Fees; Fee Agreement; Non-Refundable Fees; Flat Fees
Provided that the overall fee is reasonable, it is ethically permissible to charge a minimum fee that may be designated "earned upon receipt" or "non-refundable" with the language required by ER 1.5(d), for a specified number of hours or through completion of the matter, whichever occurs first, and also to include a provision that, under certain reasonably defined changed circumstances, the lawyer reserves the right to charge the client on an hourly basis for the remainder of the matter.
08-02: Client Files; Confidentiality of Information; Safekeeping Property; Duty as to Client Property
OPINION PARTIALLY WITHDRAWN; SEE OPINION 15-02
Lawyers have certain ethical obligations in maintaining closed client files. Clients are entitled to most of the contents of a closed file. Lawyers should establish a file-retention policy and communicate that policy to the client, in writing, at the commencement of the lawyer/client relationship. If a lawyer does not have a file-retention policy, the lawyer will have additional ethical obligations to fulfill prior to the destruction of any closed client file.
07-01: Communications with Client's Family or Friends
A lawyer has no per se duty to provide information about a client's case or upcoming trial to the client's family or friends. The lawyer may provide this information if the client gives informed consent or consent is impliedly authorized in order to carry out the representation. Depending on the circumstances, however, the lawyer's ethical duty to provide competent representation to his/her client may require such contact. It is a balancing test. This opinion assumes that the client is a competent adult.
06-07: Communication; Settlement Authority; Fee Agreements; Conflict of Interest
A lawyer may not ethically ask a client to authorize the lawyer to unilaterally decide whether to settle the client's case if the client disappears or the lawyer is otherwise unable to communicate with the client. A lawyer also may not ask a client for authority to sign drafts or releases necessary to finalize a settlement obtained under such circumstances.
06-01: Sale of Law Practice; Communication; Confidentiality; Covenants/Restrictions on Right to Practice
A lawyer seeking to sell his or her solo law practice may disclose limited client-specific information to the prospective lawyer-buyer without client consent to the disclosure.
The selling lawyer must sell at least an entire legal area of practice throughout the geographic area or areas where that practice is being conducted. After the sale, the selling lawyer may be able to resume practicing law, depending on what part of the lawyer's law practice was sold.
The selling lawyer may not seek through contractual provisions to avoid prohibitions in the Ethical Rules on his or her ability to practice law after the sale. Nonetheless, the parties may negotiate a covenant not to compete and/or a covenant not to solicit within the sale contract.
The selling lawyer may supplement his or her notice of sale to clients with additional information as long as the notice at least meets the requirements of ER 1.17.
01-11: Billing; Unauthorized Practice of Law; Nonlawyers; Employees of Lawyer
A law firm may only contract with an agency that would assist firm clients in preparing forms for medical benefits if: a) the clients are informed about the costs of such support services; and b) the lawyers adequately supervise the work of the Agency (and review the forms) to assure that the Agency's conduct is compatible with the lawyers' ethical obligations.[ERs 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 5.3, 5.5]
01-08: Withdrawal from Representation; Missing Clients; Communication with Client
When a client moves and fails to communicate with his lawyer, the lawyer may withdraw from the representation if the lawyer uses reasonable efforts to: 1) locate the client to inform him of the withdrawal; and 2) protect the client's interests upon withdrawal, including maintaining client confidences and safeguarding client property. [ERs 1.4, 1.6, 1.15, 1.16(b)]
01-02: Confidentiality; Disabled Clients; Communication with Clients; Disclosure
When a lawyer learns information during the course of representing an incapacitated person, a vulnerable adult, or someone who owes a fiduciary duty to such a person that is required to be reported under A.R.S. § 46-454, the lawyer ethically may disclose the information to authorities. [ERs 1.4, 1.6]
00-04: Recorded Conversations; Advice to Client; Divorce
An attorney may ethically advise a client that the client may tape record a telephone conversation in which one party to the conversation has not given consent to its recording, if the attorney concludes that such taping is not prohibited by federal or state law. [ERs 1.2(d), 1.4(b), 2.1]
99-14: Withdrawal from Law Firm; Communication with Clients; Advertising and Solicitation
A departing lawyer may contact persons for whom the lawyer has provided legal services while employed by the former firm. The restrictions of ER 7.3(a) do not apply where the lawyer has had significant personal contact with those persons although the content of the communication remains subject to ER 7.1(a) and 7.3(d)(2), (3). Moreover, a solicitation letter sent to former clients is not subject to the requirements of ER 7.3(b), although it must conform to the advertising requirements of ER 7.1. Where the departing lawyer has had significant personal contact with a client in connection with the provision of legal services to that client by the firm, the lawyer has a mandatory duty under ER 1.4 to notify the client of his or her departure. The client must be provided with the opportunity to choose between going with the departing lawyer or remaining with the firm. As noted, there are potential legal issues associated with contacting clients served while employed by the former firm, which are outside the jurisdiction of the Committee, but which should be considered in connection with any communications. [ER 1.4, 5.6, 7.1, 7.3]
99-02: Fees; Retainer Fees; Fee Agreements; Retainer Agreements
A non-refundable fee is ethical if reasonable under E.R. 1.5. A client must be fully informed about and expressly agree to such a fee, preferably in writing. Non-refundable fees are earned upon receipt and do not go into a lawyer's trust account. [ER 1.4 (b), 1.5, 1.15, 1.16 (d)]
98-07: Client Files
This opinion discusses an attorneys responsibilities for a client's file after termination of representation. [ERs 1.4, 1.15, 1.16]
97-06: Communication with Client; Advice to Client; Criminal Representation
A lawyer who has a client that is considering entering into a cooperation agreement with a law enforcement agency has an ethical obligation to determine all relevant facts that should be weighed in such a decision, including the availability of protection for the client, and must advise the client, candidly, of the risks associated with the client's proposed cooperation. [ERs 1.1, 1.4, 2.1]
97-05: Confidentiality; Attorney-Client Privilege
The presence of a third person, such as an interpreter, parent or advocate during an attorney-client conversation does not affect the lawyer's duty of confidentiality under ER 1.6. [ERs 1.4, 1.6]
94-10: Legal Fees; Percentage Surcharge
Lawyer may charge percentage surcharge in lieu of billing actual expenses and costs if agreed to in writing, approximates actual costs, and overall fees are reasonable.
94-02: Retainer Agreement; Representation; Fees and Files
Attorney's proposed contingent-fee agreement violates Rules as to: 1) limiting client's right to discharge attorney; 2) attorney's right to withdraw unilaterally; 3) attorney's overbroad authority; 4) method of calculating fee; and 5) attorney's withholding client files after termination of representation.
94-03: Insurance; Representation
An attorney retained by an insurance company to represent an insured owes primary allegiance to the insured. That allegiance requires the client's consent before the attorney may file a motion for summary judgment in a third party matter that would benefit the insurance company but could be disadvantageous to the insured.
93-14: Safeguard Property; Confidences; Tape Recordings
Opinion considers what an attorney should do with a tape recording given to the attorney by a client when the tape is a recording of telephone conversations made by client's spouse to other individuals including the spouse's former attorney in a prior divorce. The tape was not obtained illegally. The opinion concludes that the attorney may review the contents of the tape, with the client's informed consent and the attorney may have a duty to safeguard the tape and must advise the client of limitations on the attorney's conduct. One dissent.
93-05: Employment of Non-Lawyers; Trial Consultants
Lawyer may employ a non-testifying trial consultant, and pay him a prearranged bonus fee of if the case settles or is won at trial, subject to certain guidelines.
88-02: Scope of Representation; Truthfulness in Statements to Others
If an attorney is satisfied that a third party has a valid lien against the settlement of the attorney's client, the attorney should pay the funds accordingly.
87-05: Scope of Representation; Advisor; Misconduct
Attorney may advise client arrested for DWI to refuse to submit to chemical tests, the preferable course, however, is to advise client of consequences for such conduct.