Too much change, too fast, becomes counterproductive. It can feel overwhelming because it pulls us out of alignment with our habits, beliefs and values without giving us enough time to adapt.
If you've slipped into overwhelm, it's most likely not because you're a loser but because you are stuck in situations that have pulled you out of alignment with your inner truth. Restoring alignment and flow in life is at the core of all personal growth.
To regain harmony, you need to restore a greater sense of alignment between your external environment and your inner self. This restoration work has two parts: changing your outer environment and changing your inner relationship to your outer environment.
To restore alignment with your outer environment, you may need to let go of friends who drag you back into old habits or step out of a destructive relationship at work or home.
The second part requires changing your internal relationship to your outer environment. This alignment is more important because you have complete power over your internal choices, whereas you have less influence over your outer environment.
Changing your internal relationship with your environment takes a lot of effort – there are no short cuts to glory here. The payoff – increased peace, harmony, joy, energy, clarity, self-respect, empowerment, satisfaction and meaning in life – is its own reward!
Here are some critical components that can help you restore alignment with your environment.
Refocus on your core values. As you do this, an inner sense of integrity will return to your life. When there are no discrepancies in your value system, decisionmaking becomes easier, so you can align with environments that support your being instead of suppressing you.
You are the only person who can define what your life needs to look like to have meaning and success. For a moment, imagine you are at the end of your life, reviewing the life you've just lived. What's the single most important accomplishment in your life? What is it you wish to be remembered for? What is the legacy you leave behind? When you connect with that core purpose, it will bring focus to everything else you do.
Next, what things in life bring you joy? Even if you can think of just one thing, reflect on it until you see why it brings you joy. Is it playing with your dog because it makes you feel unconditionally loved; or spending time nurturing family members where you feel that you are making a valuable contribution? Identify what brings you joy and why; then start looking for ways to bring more of that into your life. With clarity around what brings joy and meaning to your life, you'll enjoy the effort of working toward it, instead of feeling burdened.
Observe animals in the wild and you'll notice how fully present they are in each moment. For them, it's a matter of life or death. For you and me, the process ultimately leads to the same outcomes although we're not always aware of it. Each waking moment, we make choices that either move us toward a fuller expression of life or deaden the Life Force in us. Cultivate full awareness and you'll make more optimal choices.
Stay present in the moment; discipline your mind and bring it back from a hypothetical future fraught with fear ("What if I lose my job?" or "What if I get cancer?") Fact is, the future is not created yet and by letting fear-filled thoughts run rampant in your mind, you're setting in motion probabilities that won't serve you well! Likewise, ruminating about yesterday serves no purpose other than distracting your focus and draining your energy. At the end of each day, review the events of the day; forgive those who've hurt or let you down; ask forgiveness for those areas where you didn't live up to your highest potential; resolve how you're going to make different choices; and then let them go! Stay present – this is the only place from where you can bring about meaningful change.
When faced with challenges, don't limit your options. Choose different responses; find more than one way of looking at things. Broaden your viewpoint to include possibilities you may not have entertained before. Consider all options you can think of before narrowing down your choices. You'd be amazed at how this simple exercise opens up possibilities!
When you indulge in self-judgment and negative self-talk, you're replaying the old tapes of others' criticism and judgment that you've internalized. These behaviors are self-destructive. Stop it! You wouldn't dream of attacking the Divine Presence in you, so why would you attack the human aspects that need healing? Healthy introspection acknowledges limitation and failure without judgment and allows you to change behaviors that no longer serve you.
If your actions were made public, would you retain self-respect? Societal norms commonly condone acts of greed and dishonesty as long as the perpetrator doesn't get caught. Tolerating such lack of integrity undermines respect for ourselves and others. Do only that which you'd respect in another, and that which you wouldn't mind being made public. When you maintain respect, you are strengthening the foundations of your life and your society.
The game of life is not over until the final breath. Don't give up at half-time because you've fumbled the ball. Never let one bad move knock you out of commission – get back in and give it your best! Change the things that don't work and focus on what does. Give thanks for the breaks along the way and keep at it until the final moment! Miracles and breakthroughs often come at the most unexpected times, but you must be in the game to benefit from it.
Working with even just a few of these aspects will help you restore a sense of alignment between your inner life and your external environment so you can be the difference our world needs now!
©Copyright Ada Porat. This article may be freely distributed in whole or in part, provided there is no charge for it and this notice is attached.
In today's world, change confronts us with major, life-defining crossroads more frequently than ever. For one person it may mean leaving a job that no longer works. For others, that life-defining moment is on a personal level: finding the courage to break free from addiction, leave a relationship or reclaim their health.
Facing life-defining crossroads as the captain of your own life can feel scary or intimating, but it need to be so. Crossroads represent more than disruption of the status quo: they are opportunities for our choices to determine long-term outcomes. The way we navigate them are critical: we can choose a path from a place of fear and survival, or we can choose from a place of faith and trust.
Whenever you encounter crossroads in your life, something deeper in you is being called forth and, once you answer that call, you know that life will never be the same. You can step to become a co-creator with the Divine, choosing a path that ultimately enriches your life.
When you first encounter a life-defining crossroads, you may be unsure about how to proceed. Inspired guidance has not yet come forth and you may feel as if you are lost between the past and the future. This stage offers you the opportunity to embrace the unknown rather than feeling afraid or stuck. How can you do this without going into fear?
It is helpful to remember that the experience of nothingness – the void of the unknown – is really the experience of pure potential. The place of non-material nothingness embodies pure, undifferentiated potential for a new reality to emerge in response to your intention, focus and faith. Instead of emptiness, this space contains the fullness of all possibilities. It offers you the opportunity create a new level of being for your soul to experience.
Facing the unfamiliar and unknown is actually a gift: it offers you a profound opportunity for conscious creation! Recognize that you are not at the whim of outside circumstances and random events here. This is an opportunity for you to attract optimal outcomes by using the timeless tools of co-creation: intention, alignment, trust and gratitude.
You can consciously guide and create events through your focused intention, which forms the core of any creative process. When you set your intention clearly and specifically, you signal to the energies out there to create a reality that resonates with what you hold in mind.
Next, you need to take responsibility for your feelings so that you are in emotional alignment with your intention, banishing any sense of fear, worry or doubt. Wherever your focus goes, energy flows. It is therefore essential to recognize any thoughts, feelings and emotions of fear, and to release these with compassion so your mind can be at peace – the true resting place of faith.
Finally, you have to let go of trying to control outcomes. Instead, present your desire or need to the Divine and then detach from it. Simply let go of all attachments and aversions related to the situation: both your attachment to the desired outcome and your fears of the alternative. Trust the Life Force to respond to your situation at the appropriate time and in the appropriate way.
Then, allow gratitude to fill your being: give thanks for Divine guidance, provision and support to flow into you with each breath you take. Let the Divine Presence which sustains your very being, surround and fill you with a deep sense of gratitude. This attitude of gratitude expands your perspective to recognize guidance, synchronicities and confirmation on your journey.
When you operate from this place of gratitude and trust, you will take inspired action rather than pushing to make things happen from a place of fear or control. You are indeed part of a dynamic feedback loop with Divinity; a co-creative relationship where you are holding space for answers to emerge through your intention, alignment, trust and gratitude.
Once you grasp the enormous potential inherent in this process, you will approach life's crossroads as an opportunity to create optimal outcomes from the raw materials of faith. Co-creating with Divine inspiration, your mind can begin to grasp what it means to have all of time and space at your disposal.
Remain detached from both expectations and fears. Recognize that attachment breeds expectation and fear. Instead, focus on the Eternal Source of your supply and keep your focus on that Divine Source rather than on circumstances.
Keep your perspective on the present moment. When we focus on the future, we feed fear and anxiety; when we focus on the past, we feed guilt, blame and regret. In the present moment, there is always enough grace to meet your need, no matter how overwhelming the circumstances. By staying focused on the present, you stay open to all the possibilities.
Adapt quickly to mistakes. Rather than turning a setback into some judgment about yourself, the situation or somebody else, simply acknowledge your feelings of disappointment and take note of what you have learned from it. Then renew the process of detachment, surrender and trust so you can return to your ultimate resting place of peace.
Be alert to tiny signals – major turning points of life often arrive as small signals at first. Learn to see and interpret the metaphors through which life speaks to you.
Cultivate a healthy, balanced connection between your soul and body. You will be most effective at decision-making when you remain aware of your spiritual core guiding you through the physical challenges of life, rather than trying to disassociate from either aspect.
Stay flexible in your understanding and embrace ambiguity. Transformation is sometimes a messy process. Flexibility makes it easier to release unrealistic expectations when they prove untenable.
Be patient. You are a spiritual being that exists in eternity; don't let human expectations and timelines rob you of peace. Surrender every fear, doubt, anxiety or worry as it surfaces, so you can hold a space of clear intention and trust the perfect unfolding of Divine order.
Take excellent care of yourself. Nurture yourself with healthy food, exercise and rest so you can have the physical resilience and stamina to realize optimal outcomes.
Allow your core values to guide your decisions. When your choices, actions and behaviors are aligned with your values, you won't need to second-guess yourself.
Honor healthy boundaries. Learn that "no" can be a complete sentence. It's a healthy and necessary way to address external demands at a time when you need time and space to figure out major life decisions.
Be discerning about the company you keep. During times of change, it is important to receive validation from people whose view of reality matches your own. Such encouragement supports your process of learning to trust your own inner guidance, whereas negative people deplete your energy.
Take time for meditation or contemplation. This practice will help you stay centered and at peace. It is also a powerful way to re-connect to Divine inspiration and fuel for your soul.
Together, these principles can help you fearlessly face the unknown and embrace new possibilities. The cross-roads of your life can become a life-changing opportunity!
Hopelessness, worthlessness and overwhelm… emotions that nobody loves, yet everyone experiences from time to time. How can you manage these emotions so they don't paralyze your life?
When you feel hopeless it's not because there is no hope at all in your life. It's because you feel there's none. Same with worthlessness. No one is worthless. Our lives are all worth something. Same with overwhelm: It is not a fact of life; it is your emotional response to life.
Have you had times when you just felt like giving up? Do you feel backed into the wall with nowhere to run and no reason to move? If you find yourself saying, "Why bother?" or "It's useless" you may be experiencing hopelessness.
I'll never get what I want. What's the use in trying?
There aren't any good people left.
When feeling hopeless, you may stop seeing friends; you may isolate yourself, stop exercising and indulge in unhealthy behaviors such as overeating or overdrinking. You may avoid anything new. And that just adds a sense of worthlessness and overwhelm until you spiral down into a quagmire of hopelessness and depression.
If you're feeling hopeless or overwhelmed, you're bound to have thoughts like: "It's useless, so why even try." Because of this thought process, you won't do anything, and you'll remain stuck in hopelessness. This circular thinking then turns your feeling of hopelessness into a self-fulfilling prophecy!
Why not try something different? First, make the decision to doubt your hopelessness. Simply entertain the notion that you could be wrong. You've been wrong before about life; maybe you're wrong now.
And then, with that inkling of doubt, decide to act against your hopelessness and as a champion for yourself. Act as if things aren't hopeless by taking initiative, experimenting with optimism ('I might as well try to make the best of this'); do things the hopeless part of you doesn't feel like doing but research shows can make things better—exercise, see friends, get out of your shell. Prove your hopelessness wrong by acting as if things are already better! This type of self-discipline is not easy, but it can make a world of difference to your emotional state.
A big part of depression or anxiety consists of thoughts in our heads that tell us things are bad, we are hopeless and things won't get better. The simple exercise of challenging those thoughts can do wonders for our state of mind. If the thought in your mind says that things are never going to get better, then dig deep and remember a time when things were bad but did improve! That is the truth you need to hang onto until your emotions shift.
Hopelessness will tell you that you've already tried everything to make things better, but nothing has worked. Let's be serious, in a multiverse with limitless options, no one has tried everything yet! Maybe you've tried five or ten things things—changing some behavior, therapy, medication, resting, prayer, etc. When none of these things turned out to be the magic bullet that dramatically changed your life, you concluded that it's all hopeless. Now would be a good time to keep looking, because there is an answer or (even many) for every challenge you may face.
You could consider giving up on ways of thinking and acting that haven't worked: worrying, complaining, avoiding, isolating and taking things personally. Every time you catch yourself doing one of these things, remind yourself that there's a better way, and then choose instead to do other things that may work: accepting, tolerating discomfort, practicing patience, or doing what you don't want to do but what could actually be good for you.
Instead of focusing on what you can't change, look instead at the wide range of things you can change. Let's say your relationship really is a lot cause: You've broken up and there is no going back. That relationship really is hopeless now. OK, but how about all the other things in your life you can change—things you can do? Stop banging your head against a wall that won't move, and walk through the door that is wide open for you.
Nobody says, "Life is hopeless because there's a cloud in the sky." Of course not! If we don't treat the cloud as an essential part of life, we are not going to sweat it. When you feel hopeless, it is because you are telling yourself that the thing that won't change is essential: "I can't live without it." Why not? You lived before you had it. Even if the relationship or job really turned out to be hopeless, weren't you living a life before it? Start living again…like you did before!
Stop and think about what is happening right now. Is this moment hopeless? Sit quietly, noticing your breath, letting it in and out, watching it come and go. Feel your feet against the floor. Hear the sounds around you. Peel an orange and smell the tangy skin. Listen to music and feel the notes run through you. The present is here, every moment, every day. When the future and the past are pushed aside so you are fully alive here and now, you put an end to hopelessness. Appreciating this present moment and making it a sweet one, will help you forget the hopelessness.
It sounds so simple, but little things like getting enough sleep and eating as healthy as possible can make a huge difference on how we feel emotionally. Lack of sleep alone can cause depression and anxiety. Exercise has been proven to significantly reduce symptoms of depression, and by this I don't mean slogging it out in the gym for two hours a day. Be kind to yourself! If you're feeling down, stuck or overwhelmed, take a walk in nature, do some gentle yoga, or go for a bike ride to help lift your spirits.
When we feel hopeless, it is easy to self-medicate in unhealthy ways: overeating, oversleeping, overdrinking or indulging in recreational drugs. We all know that doing these things actually make us feel worse in the long run! Moderation is important in all aspects of our lives. When feeling hopeless or overwhelmed, wisdom urges us to say "no" to certain activities because we know that our boundaries are weaker than normal. Overindulging as a form of self-medication comes with a price that is just not worth paying.
©Copyright Ada Porat. For more information, visit www.adaporat.com. This article may be freely distributed in whole or in part, provided there is no charge for it and this notice is attached.
Worry happens to all of us, but there's a kind of worry that not threatens your success; it is downright dangerous to your health. This is chronic worry, and it makes you ruminate endlessly about anything that might go wrong.
Chronic worry about life's events won't change them; it will impair you. It is a tragic misuse of your imagination to worry about awful things that might happen in your future. This insidious form of chronic worry is like a virus of the mind that breeds negativity and powerlessness.
Spiritual teachers label worry a sign of ego, and for good cause: when we worry, we erroneously take responsibility for all the things we worry about. Worriers falsely think they are responsible for it all.
How futile! None of us can worry ourselves well, or worry our way to fat bank accounts, or worry away the problems of the world.
You and I grew up despite the worries of our parents; we explored, failed, experimented and learned how to navigate life by doing, not by worrying. And the same holds true for our loved ones. When you worry about what will become of your child, your parent or your job, you are not helping anybody – least of all yourself. In fact, you are assuming a false sense of responsibility for the choices of another. You may even think that by worrying, you can change events.
Wouldn't it be a whole lot more practical to focus on the things you CAN do today, instead of worrying about what tomorrow may bring?
The vast majority of things we worry about in life, never happen. Worry is simply the ego's way of conjuring up worst case scenarios in a futile attempt to prepare for whatever might happen… or not!
Chronic worry will drain your energy, sap your strength and rob you of sleep. Over time, the impact of continuous worry presents as anxiety and a host of physical problems ranging from headaches and sleep disturbances to high blood pressure and mood disorders.
Indeed! If a problem can be solved, there is no need to worry about it. If the problem cannot be solved or it is not your task to solve it, what is the use of worrying about it?
Worrying is a learned response that leads to negativity. Self-responsibility, on the other hand, is a learned response that leads to positivity. And you can to meet life's challenges with self-responsibility instead of chronic worry.
Is this situation your personal responsibility? If not, let it go!
If the situation is indeed your responsibility, what's the worst thing that can happen? Accept the worst-case scenario as your baseline, and then start building a creative solution from there.
Pay attention to what is needed now. Ask yourself how your wise Higher self would deal with the situation. What can you do about the situation right now? Take responsibility for your life and actions, and make a list of possible things you can do, including getting more facts or information.
And now, take action in day-tight compartments, as motivational guru Dale Carnegie described present-moment awareness. Do what you can with what you know right now, even if it is only a small step, and let go of worry! Tomorrow may bring additional options and insights to act on, but worrying about it today will not change outcomes.
Avoid rumination. When you ruminate on a problem, you are not creating solutions; you are feeding the problem instead. To break this negative cycle, you need to disrupt the rumination and reconnect to the present moment every time it happens.
Remember that you can adapt, create, change and evolve as part of the problem-solving process. If your plan A doesn't work, keep in mind that the alphabet has 25 more letters!
And, finally, count your blessings, not your troubles. Remember that whatever you focus on, tends to expand. So focus on the blessings of your life; cultivate an attitude of gratitude for little things that brighten your day, and you will find yourself uplifted.
By consciously choosing how you respond to life's challenges, you can unlearn the nasty habit of worry and act from your happy place instead.
When we look out at the world, we see situations everywhere that appear to be broken and need fixing. What would happen if we could befriend problems and life crises as opportunities for growth instead?
There is an active intersection between our own psychological/spiritual health and the actual landscape of our life. What happens in the collective does impact us as individuals; likewise, what we do as individuals has an impact on the collective.
It has been said that evolution, like water behind a dam, knows where all the cracks are, and is working on them right now with increasing intensity.
Could it be that something new is trying to happen, seeking the transformation of the whole in life? Might our out-of-balance world be an opportunity for increased spiritual consciousness seeking to awaken the values of the heart – compassion, generosity, forgiveness, and a desire to live in harmony with others?
I propose that the only way forward through times of crisis, upheaval and difficulty is to befriend our problems as the messengers that they are: highlighting the empty, loveless or meaningless places in our life that thirst for something meaningful and real.
To anxiously hold to the way things were – wanting no disruption in our lives – is to avoid evolving because our individual status quo is really closely tied to the larger malaise on the planet.
I remember being surprised years ago when I read Care of the Soul by Thomas Moore. One of the chapters he titled "The Gift of Depression." I had to think about that.
What if we learned to cope with adversity more effectively? Rather than failing to notice the opportunities that adversity offers, we could see the problem and the solution as two sides of the same coin. To get to the other side, we often are called to walk thru turbulence we would rather have avoided. But denial disempowers, whereas facing our problems empowers us to take meaningful action!
In fact, today's heartache may well carry the seeds of tomorrow's happiness. What would happen if the hatching chick decided that it is too much effort to peck through the shell that encases it?
Who would you be today if it weren't for your struggles? Think back. Wasn't there a jewel of awareness and growth offered in almost every tribulation?
It is the decisions you've made at each challenging point in your life that determined where you are today.
When we treat each obstacle on our path as a unique opportunity for growth, we start asking different questions. We stop asking "Why this?" Why me?" and "Why now?" Instead, we start asking how we can navigate through the challenge, what we need to learn or do, and we accept responsibility for our part in the unfolding journey of our lives.
We befriend obstacles as messengers for deepening our faith and we dig deep to discover hidden gifts and abilities we never knew we had. We start looking for what we can do with the resources we have right now – an empowering place from where we can learn, evolve and become the powerful beings we were created to be.
In fact, I believe that when we connect to the true potential within us, we also find there the ability to help restore love, hope and unity to the wider world around us.
Responding appropriately to this invitation is of the utmost importance in our changing world. The waves of change that sweep through all layers of life like a tsunami, carry seeds of opportunity.
By viewing problems as opportunities into a "not-yet-known" future, instead of fearing the unknown, we can move forward gracefully.


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Napoleon II
(Redirected from Napoleon II of France)
Portrait by Leopold Bucher
Emperor of the French
Napoleon I
King of Rome
20 March 1811 – 11 April 1814
Duke of Reichstadt
22 July 1818 – 22 July 1832
(1811-03-20)20 March 1811
Tuileries Palace, Paris, French Empire
22 July 1832(1832-07-22) (aged 21)
Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austrian Empire
Les Invalides, Paris, France
French: Napoléon François Charles Joseph Bonaparte
Napoleon I of France
Marie Louise of Austria
Napoléon François Charles Joseph Bonaparte (20 March 1811 – 22 July 1832), Prince Imperial, King of Rome, known in the Austrian court as Franz from 1814 onward, Duke of Reichstadt from 1818, was the son of Napoleon, Emperor of the French, and his second wife, Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria.
By Title III, article 9 of the French Constitution of the time, he was Prince Imperial, but he was also known from birth as the King of Rome, which Napoleon I declared was the courtesy title of the heir apparent. His nickname of L'Aiglon ("the Eaglet") was awarded posthumously and was popularized by the Edmond Rostand play, L'Aiglon.
When Napoleon I tried to abdicate on 4 April 1814, he said that his son would rule as emperor. However, the coalition victors refused to acknowledge his son as successor, and Napoleon I was forced to abdicate unconditionally some days later. Although Napoleon II never actually ruled France, he was briefly the titular Emperor of the French in 1815 after the second fall of his father. When his cousin Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte became the next emperor by founding the Second French Empire in 1852, he called himself Napoleon III to acknowledge Napoleon II and his brief reign.
1.2 Succession rights
1.3 Reign
1.4 Life in Austria
2.1 Disposition of his remains
4 Titles, styles, arms and honours
4.1 Titles and styles
4.2 Honours
4.3 Coat of arms
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Empress Marie-Louise and her son Napoleon, King of Rome (by François Gérard, 1813)
Birth[edit]
Napoleon was born on 20 March 1811 at the Tuileries Palace, son of Emperor Napoleon I and Empress Marie Louise. On the same day he underwent ondoyé (a traditional French ceremony which is considered a preliminary, brief baptism) by Joseph Fesch with his full name of Napoleon François Charles Joseph.[1] The baptism, inspired by the baptismal ceremony of Louis, Grand Dauphin of France, was held on 9 June 1811 in Notre Dame de Paris.[1] Karl Philipp, Prince of Schwarzenberg, Austrian ambassador to France, wrote of the baptism:
The baptism ceremony was beautiful and impressive; the scene in which the emperor took the infant from the arms of his noble mother and raised him up twice to reveal him to the public [thus breaking from long tradition, as he did when he crowned himself at his coronation] was loudly applauded; in the monarch's manner and face could be seen the great satisfaction that he took from this solemn moment.[1]
He was put in the care of Louise Charlotte Françoise Le Tellier de Montesquiou, a descendant of François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois, who was named Governess of the Children of France. Affectionate and intelligent, the governess assembled a considerable collection of books intended to give the infant a strong grounding in religion, philosophy, and military matters.[1]
Succession rights[edit]
As the only legitimate son of Napoleon I, he was already constitutionally the Prince Imperial and heir apparent, but the Emperor also gave his son the style of King of Rome. Three years later, the First French Empire collapsed. Napoleon I saw his second wife and their son for the last time on 24 January 1814.[2] On 4 April 1814, he abdicated in favour of his three-year-old son after the Six Days' Campaign and the Battle of Paris. The child became Emperor of the French under the regnal name of Napoleon II. However, on 6 April 1814, Napoleon I fully abdicated and renounced not only his own rights to the French throne, but also those of his descendants. The Treaty of Fontainebleau in 1814 gave the child the right to use the title of Prince of Parma, of Placentia, and of Guastalla, and his mother was styled the Duchess of Parma, of Placentia, and of Guastalla.
Reign[edit]
On 29 March 1814, accompanied by her suite, Marie Louise left the Tuileries Palace with her son. Their first stop was the Château de Rambouillet; then, fearing the advancing enemy troops, they continued on to the Château de Blois. On 13 April, with her suite much diminished, Marie Louise and her three-year-old son were back in Rambouillet, where they met her father, the Emperor Francis I of Austria, and the Emperor Alexander I of Russia. On 23 April, escorted by an Austrian regiment, mother and son left Rambouillet and France forever, for their exile in Austria.[3]
In 1815, after his resurgence and his defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon I abdicated for the second time in favour of his four-year-old son, whom he had not seen since his exile to Elba. The day after Napoleon's abdication, a Commission of Government of five members took the rule of France,[4] awaiting the return of the Bourbon King Louis XVIII, who was in Le Cateau-Cambrésis.[5] The Commission held power for two weeks, but never formally summoned Napoleon II as Emperor or appointed a regent. The entrance of the Allies into Paris on 7 July brought a rapid end to his supporters' wishes. Napoleon II was residing in Austria with his mother and was probably not aware at the time that he had been proclaimed Emperor on his father's abdication.
The next Bonaparte to ascend the throne of France, in 1852, would be Louis-Napoleon, the son of Napoleon's brother Louis I, King of Holland. He took the regnal name of Napoleon III.
Portrait by Moritz Daffinger
Life in Austria[edit]
From the spring of 1814 onwards, the young Napoleon lived in Austria and was known as "Franz", his second given name. In 1818, he was awarded the title of Duke of Reichstadt by his maternal grandfather, Emperor Francis. He was educated by a staff of military tutors and developed a passion for soldiering, dressing in a miniature uniform like his father's and performing maneuvers in the palace. At the age of 8, it was apparent to his tutors that he had chosen his career.
By 1820, Napoleon had completed his elementary studies and begun his military training, learning German, Italian and mathematics as well as receiving advanced physical training. His official army career began at age 12, in 1823, when he was made a cadet in the Austrian Army. Accounts from his tutors describe Napoleon as intelligent, serious and focused. Additionally, he was a very tall young man: he had grown to nearly 6 feet by the time he was 17.
His budding military career gave some concern and fascination to the monarchies of Europe and French leaders over his possible return to France. However, he was allowed to play no political role and instead was used by Austrian Chancellor Klemens von Metternich in bargaining with France to gain advantage for Austria. Fearful of anyone in the Bonaparte family regaining political power, Metternich even rejected a request for Franz to move to a warmer climate in Italy. He received another rejection when his grandfather refused to allow him to join the army traveling to Italy to put down a rebellion.[6]
Upon the death of his stepfather, Adam Albert von Neipperg, and the revelation that his mother had borne two illegitimate children to Neipperg prior to their marriage, Franz grew distant from his mother and felt that his Austrian family were holding him back to avoid political controversy. He said to his friend, Anton von Prokesch-Osten, "If Josephine had been my mother, my father would not have been buried at Saint Helena, and I should not be at Vienna. My mother is kind but weak; she was not the wife my father deserved".[7]
Portrait on his death bed, engraved by Franz Xaver Stöber
In 1831, Franz was given command of an Austrian battalion, but he never got the chance to serve in any meaningful capacity. In 1832, he caught pneumonia and was bedridden for several months. His poor health eventually overtook him and on 22 July 1832 Franz died of tuberculosis at Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna.[8] He left no issue; thus the Napoleonic claim to the throne of France passed to his cousin, Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, who later successfully restored the empire as Napoleon III.
Disposition of his remains[edit]
Tomb of Napoleon II at Les Invalides, Paris
On 15 December 1940, Adolf Hitler ordered the remains of Napoleon II to be transferred from Vienna to the dome of Les Invalides in Paris.[9][10] The remains of Napoleon I had been returned to France in December 1840, at the time of the July Monarchy.[11] For some time, the remains of the young prince who had briefly been an emperor rested beside those of his father. Later, the prince's remains were moved to the lower church.
While most of his remains were transferred to Paris, his heart and intestines remained in Vienna, which is traditional for members of the Habsburg house. They are in Urn 42 in the "Heart Crypt" (Herzgruft) and his viscera are in Urn 76 of the Ducal Crypt.
Napoleon II was also known as "The Eaglet" (French: L'Aiglon). In 1900, Edmond Rostand wrote a play, L'Aiglon, about his life.
Serbian composer Petar Stojanović composed the operetta Napoleon II: Herzog von Reichstadt, which premiered in Vienna in the 1920s.
Victor Tourjansky directed a French-language film titled L'Aiglon in 1931, and he also directed a separate German-language version.
Arthur Honegger and Jacques Ibert collaborated on an opera, L'Aiglon, which premiered in 1937.
The journalist Henri Rochefort joked that Napoleon II, having never really governed, was France's best leader, since he brought no war, taxes or tyranny.[12]
Neil Tennant of the Pet Shop Boys wrote the lyrics of the song King of Rome, on their album Yes, referring to Napoleon II.
Dean M. Drinkel and Romain Collier wrote the feature film script "The Tragedy Of The Duke Of Reichstadt", which won two screenplay awards at the 2016 Monaco International Film Festival and which went into production in 2018.
He was noted for his friendship with Sophie, a Bavarian princess of the House of Wittelsbach.[13] Intelligent, ambitious and strong-willed, Sophie had little in common with her husband Franz Karl. There were rumors of a love affair between Sophie and Napoleon II, as well as the possibility that Sophie's second son, Maximilian I of Mexico (born 1832), was the result issue of the affair.
Titles, styles, arms and honours[edit]
Titles and styles[edit]
20 March 1811 - 6 April 1814: His Majesty The King of Rome
6 April 1814 - 22 July 1818: His Serene Highness The Prince of Parma, of Piacencia, and Guastalla
20 March 1815 - 22 June 1815: His Imperial Highness The Prince Imperial of France
22 June 1815 - 7 July 1815: His Imperial Majesty The Emperor of the French
22 July 1818 - 22 July 1832: His Serene Highness The Duke of Reichstadt
in pretense: 7 July 1815 - 22 July 1832: His Imperial Majesty Emperor Napoleon II
Honours[edit]
Austrian Empire: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
First French Empire: Grand Eagle of the Legion of Honour
Kingdom of Italy: Order of the Iron Crown, 1st Class
Duchy of Parma: Knight Grand Cross of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George
Coat of arms[edit]
Emperor of the French (titular ruler)
Duke of Reichstadt [14] (1818–32)
Welschinger, Le roi de Rome, 1811–32, (Paris, 1897)
Wertheimer, The Duke of Reichstadt, (London, 1905)
^ a b c d "Napoleon II: King of Rome, French Emperor, Prince of Parma, Duke of Reichstadt". The Napoleon Foundation. napoleon.org. March 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
^ "Château de Fontainebleau". Musee-chateau-fontainebleau.fr. Retrieved 2012-08-28.
^ G. Lenotre, le Château de Rambouillet, six siècles d'histoire, ch. L'empereur, Éditions Denoël, Paris, 1984 (1930 reedition), pp. 126–133, ISBN 2-207-23023-6.
^ "(N.275.) Arrete par lequel la Commission du Gouvernement se constitue sous la présidence M. le Duc d'Otrante". Bulletin des lois de la République française (in French). 23 June 1815. p. 279.
^ "(N. 1.) Proclamation du Roi". Bulletin des lois de la République française (in French). 25 June 1815. p. 1.
^ Napoleon II Biography
^ Markham, Felix, Napoleon, p. 249
^ Altman, Gail S. Fatal Links: The Curious Deaths of Beethoven and the Two Napoleons (Paperback). Anubian Press (September 1999). ISBN 1-888071-02-8
^ Poisson, Georges, (Robert L. Miller, translator), Hitler's Gift to France: The Return of the Ashes of Napoleon II, Enigma Books, ISBN 978-1-929631-67-4 (Synopsis & Review by Maria C. Bagshaw).
^ Poisson, Georges, Le retour des cendres de l'Aiglon, Édition Nouveau Monde, Paris, 2006, ISBN 2847361847 French wags at the time countered Hitler's propaganda by saying "Hitler stole France's coal, but returned to them the ashes." (French)
^ Driskel, Paul (1993). As Befits a Legend. Kent State University Press. p. 168 ISBN 0-87338-484-9
^ Leo A. Loubere, Nineteenth-Century Europe: The Revolution of Life, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, p. 154.
^ Palmer 1994, p. 3.
^ Hassel, Georg (1 January 1830). "Genealogisch-historisch-statistischer Almanach". im Verlag des Landes-Industrie-Comptoirs. – via Google Books.
German description of the arms of the Duke of Reichstadt, circa 1830
Source texts
House of Bonaparte
Born: 20 March 1811 Died: 22 July 1832
Regnal titles
Napoleon I — DISPUTED —
22 June – 7 July 1815 Bourbon Restoration
Titles in pretence
Loss of title
Bourbon Restoration
— TITULAR —
7 July 1815 – 22 July 1832 Succeeded by
Joseph I
Pretenders to the French throne since 1792
Monarchy in exile (1792–1815)
1792 Louis XVI
1793 Louis XVII
1795 Louis XVIII 1814 1815
Legitimist pretenders (1830–present)
1830 Charles X
1836 Louis Antoine
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1883 Jean
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1909 Jacques
1931 Alphonse Charles
1936 Alphonse
1989 Louis Alphonse present
Orléanist pretenders (1848–present)
1848 Louis Philippe I
1850 Philippe
2019 Jean present
Unionist succession (1830–present)
Bonapartist Prince Imperial (1814–present)
1814 1815 Napoléon I
1821 Napoléon II
1832 Joseph
1844 Louis
1846 Napoléon III (Emperor 1852–1870)
1873 Napoléon
1879 Victor
1997 Charles / Jean-Christophe
present (disputed)
Bonapartist Prince Canino (1832–1924)
1832 Lucien
1895 Napoléon Charles
1899 Roland 1924
Imperial House of France of the First French Empire
Emperor and immediate family
Napoleon, Emperor of the French
Joséphine, Empress of the French
Marie Louise, Empress of the French
Napoleon, King of Rome
French Princes
Joseph Bonaparte
Louis Bonaparte
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Elisa Bonaparte
Jérôme Bonaparte
Joseph Fesch
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Several family members held additional titles in vassal states
Bonaparte family
Joseph I of Spain
Napoléon I
Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano
Elisa, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Louis I of Holland
Pauline, Princess of Guastalla
Caroline, Queen of Naples and Sicily
Jérôme of Westfalia
Zénaïde, Princess of Canino and Musignano
Napoléon II
Charlotte, Princess Mario Gabrielli
Charles Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano
Prince Louis Lucien
Prince Pierre Napoléon
Napoléon Charles, Prince Royal of Holland
Louis II of Holland
Jérôme Napoléon
Jérôme Napoléon Charles, Prince of Montfort
Mathilde, Princess of San Donato
Napoléon Joseph, Prince Napoléon
Joseph Lucien, Prince of Canino and Musignano
Lucien Cardinal Bonaparte, Prince of Canino and Musignano
Augusta, Princess Placido Gabrielli
Napoléon Charles, Prince of Canino and Musignano
Roland, Prince of Canino and Musignano
Jeanne, Marchioness of Villeneuve-Escaplon
Napoléon, Prince Imperial of France
Jerome Napoleon II
Victor, Prince Napoléon
Prince Louis Bonaparte
Marie Letizia, Duchess of Aosta
William Bonaparte-Wyse
Marie Bonaparte-Wyse
Lucien Bonaparte-Wyse
Princess Mary, Mrs. Enrico Gotti
Eugénie, Princess of La Moskowa
Marie, Princess George of Greece and Denmark
Marie Clotilde, Countess Serge de Witt
Louis, Prince Napoléon
Andrew Bonaparte-Wyse
Charles, Prince Napoléon
Prince Jérôme Napoléon
Princess Catherine
Princess Laure
Princess Caroline Napoléon
Jean-Christophe, Prince Napoléon
Heads of state of the Franks and France
Recognised as Francia from 481 to 843, as West Francia from 843 to 987 and as France since 987
Styled President of the Republic since 1871, except from 1940 to 1944 (Chief of State) and 1944 to 1947 (Chairman of the Provisional Government)
Detailed monarch family tree | Simplified monarch family tree | List of Presidents of France
Merovingians (486–751)
Clovis I
Childebert I
Chlothar I
Charibert I
Chilperic I
Sigebert I
Childebert II
Chlothar II
Dagobert I
Sigebert II
Clovis II
Chlothar III
Childeric II
Theuderic III
Clovis IV
Childebert III
Dagobert III
Chilperic II
Chlothar IV
Theuderic IV
Childeric III
Carolingians,
Robertians and Bosonids (751–987)
Pepin the Short
Carloman I
Charlemagne (Charles I)
Louis I
Louis III
Carloman II
Charles the Fat
Charles III
Robert IR
RudolphB
Louis IV
Lothair
Louis V
House of Capet (987–1328)
Hugh Capet
Robert II
Henry I
Louis VI
Louis VII
Louis VIII
Louis IX
Philip III
Philip IV
Louis X
Philip V
Charles IV
House of Valois (1328–1589)
Philip VI
John II
Charles V
Charles VI
Charles VII
Louis XI
Charles VIII
Francis II
Charles IX
House of Lancaster (1422–1453)
Henry VI of England
House of Bourbon (1589–1792)
Louis XVII
First Republic (1792–1804)
First Empire (1804–1815)
Bourbon Restoration (1815–1830)
Louis XVIII
Louis XIX
July Monarchy (1830–1848)
Louis Philippe I
Second Republic (1848–1852)
Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure
Executive Commission
Louis-Eugène Cavaignac
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte
Second Empire (1852–1870)
Napoleon III
Government of National Defense (1870–1871)
Louis-Jules Trochu
Third Republic (1871–1940)
Adolphe Thiers
Patrice de MacMahon
Jules Grévy
Sadi Carnot
Jean Casimir-Perier
Félix Faure
Paul Deschanel
Vichy France (1940–1944)
Provisional Government (1944–1947)
Félix Gouin
Georges Bidault
Vincent Auriol
Fourth Republic (1947–1958)
René Coty
Fifth Republic (1958–present)
Alain Poher*
Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
François Mitterrand
Debatable or disputed rulers are in italics. Acting heads of state are denoted by an asterisk. Millerand held the presidency in an acting capacity before being fully elected.
France topics
Celtic Gaul
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Kingdom of the Visigoths
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Franc (former currency)
French subdivisions by GDP
SNAC: w6v20z6j
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Napoleon_II&oldid=905831173"
19th-century French monarchs
19th-century Princes of Andorra
19th-century Kings of the Romans
French emperors
Princes of Andorra
Princes of France (Bonaparte)
Bonapartist pretenders to the French throne
First French Empire
Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur
Commandeurs of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques
Knights of the Golden Fleece
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People from Paris
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19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
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Wikipedia articles with ULAN identifiers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Once I get tomorrow's Board Meeting out of the way I will be FIT TO BURST. Can't wait to meet you, Ines.
Thanks, Sandra! Italy is one of my favourite places.
Hi Tara, Have a great holiday in Italy meeting up with perfume people and eating. One of my favourite pastimes in Italy!
Instagram is by far my favourite and would happy to only be on that, although I do like Twitter for current events. Facebook is my least preferred and I find it is necessary but I'm not uber enthused about it or the huge power that Zuckerberg has with the biggest data repository in the world. Such bad design on it too. He owns Instagram as well of course and recently Amazon has started advertising to my direct via Insta with items that are on my watchlist, that I find highly annoying. I tried Snapchat for one minute but nobody I knew was on it, apart from their children. Instagram has stolen most of their features now anyway. I could go on … let's not start on Fake News ….
I guess you have lots of experience of that what with the perfume fairs in Milan and Florence!
I also like Twitter for keeping in touch with current events. I follow a lot of journos on there. FB is now my least favourite too. My sister has come off it completely, partly over the data issues you mention. I had no idea they also owned Instagram.
The way the adverts target you based on your browsing/shopping history is really unnerving as well as annoying.
Italy is fabulous – the mix of history, food and the modern is fabulous. Some of my work is on social media so I have to be on it but … it has its drawbacks. Not keen for my kids to get on it at all.
I've only been to Rome, Florence and Venice but want to see so much more.
Yes, I worry about the day my niece goes on social media.
Wohoo, that's me! Can't wait! Btw I just joined insta as well, and love it. All the silly # one can invent. I found you there.
I was so happy when you confirmed you could make it.
Bologna is wonderful! Have a great time and give Ines and Asali a hug from me!
Good to know you rate Bologna, B.
Have a marvellous time with your blogger gang – what a fabulously cosmopolitan bunch you are to converge from four countries on Italy. I have been to Bologna and have an arty gig poster from the Covo Club there over my sofa (though I didn't go to the gig). I sent someone scurrying round perfumeries there for me on a custom purchasing mission – ones you will doubtless visit! My own visit to the city was to meet and be briefed by an Italian client. They made tea bag making equipment (somebody has to!) and were looking to diversify.
I am told Instagram is great but I waste enough time on FB as it is. I am more a wordy person on there than a photo person, and even the photos I post are more about the captions than the pictures? But perhaps Instagram is too and I have just failed to grasp its very real appeal.
Thanks for the mention and look forward to hearing all about your trip!
PS That's a truly lovely photo of you in the red lippy. Wowza!
You know, I haven't even considered the perfume shopping opportunities in Bologna. Just happy to meet up with the girls and see the sights (and eat the food).
I totally get that the wordy aspect of FB suits you well. You could join Instagram just to follow others and see what's going on. Or set up an account for Truffle pics?!
Have a marvelous time in Bologna, Tara! Meeting Perfume friends around the world is fab, I agree. I prefer Instagram to FB too, great to meet you there. Enjoy Italy!
It looked like you had fun meeting Portia and Sandra earlier in the year.
Instagram feels a lot more light-hearted and fun.
Look forward to meeting up when I'm back. It's been too long.
What a fabulous trip ahead! Do hoe you have a lovely time.
I rather like Instagram (I'm @slowlight over there) and almost never use FB. i don't post with the frequency of many, but, it seems to fit me quite nicely (with a weird jumble of art, powerlifting, cats, and odds and ends on my feet). I miss posting on Flickr, though, which was my old visual home… and much more of a focus on photography-as-art and photography-as-practice for me, rather than the "here is stuff I see and do".
Thanks, crikey. It will be great if I can cope with the heat.
Really enjoyed reading your thoughts on Instagram and can totally understand the difference with Flickr.
I'm following you now and am so impressed and inspired by your powerlifting!
good luck with the heat–do you have a folding flappy fan?
It's brilliant and all the better for being unexpected. Love it when life surprises us in a good way.
No fan but should be okay. It never feels as hot when you're on holiday in a city somehow. 40 degrees in Vienna felt fine weirdly.
ok, that was a weird typo. on my *feed* not on my feet.
Being with like-minded souls makes such a difference. I feel grateful for having found my tribe.
Thanks Tina! Let me know if you're on Instagram.
Loving your instagram feed. Have a wonderful trip to Bologna. Say 'hi' to Natalie, Ines and Asali for me!
It feels like a very positive space.
I'm envious: I haven't met Ines and Asali (hopefully, yet) and I miss Natalie – hi, hugs and the best time for all of you.
I haven't been to Italy (hopefully, yet :)) – so I look forward to your report.
In that case I'll be honoured if you manage to log in and follow me.
Hopefully you can meet Ines and/or Asali on your next trip to Europe..
I rarely post on Facebook and even less so on Twitter – aside from blog posts – but Instagram feels more laid back and less like you are posting and being judged by the whole world. Probably misguided but still.
I love social media but sometimes it gets too much for you. However that being said I think I have found the right balance to it.


Albinism Umbrella | Why do we need your support?
Some of the financial support you give is put into helping children with albinism acquire education.
Some of the essential needs that financial support take care of are sunscreens, sun block creams, which protect the vulnerable skin of the people with albinism from the negative effects of the sun.
We provide free business and entrepreneurship mentorship services to the parents/guardians and the person with albinism to help them learn and develop business and entrepreneur skills in order to become independent and self sustainable.
To be able to uplift the albinism community even more than we are able to currently, we decided to setup and establish a physical location which will be a one stop center for shelter to those who have been abandoned by family or society, a gateway to employment and a home of various empowerment workshops. The center whose plan has been put below will be located in Kampala, Uganda.
Below are the avenues through which you can submit a financial support.
LOCATION: Plot 189 Namuli Road, Bukoto, P.O.Box 3262 Kampala.
If you are sending from outside Uganda, you need to specify the intermediary bank.
Other ways, you can help?
We are open-minded and ready to work with individuals and organisations to solve a common cause. Get in touch by clicking here to get in touch with us.


text:
title: kubeadm Hosted Install
---

This document outlines how to install Calico on a kubeadm cluster.
If you have already built your cluster with kubeadm, please review the
[Requirements / Limitations](#requirements--limitations) at the bottom of
this page. It is likely you will need to recreate your cluster with the
`--pod-network-cidr` and `--service-cidr` arguments to kubeadm.

## Installation

You can easily create a cluster compatible with these manifests by following [the official kubeadm guide](http://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides/kubeadm/).

Calico installations require kubeadm initialized clusters to have set a `--pod-network-cidr`
which should match the value set by `CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR` in the manifest:

```yaml
- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR
  value: "192.168.0.0/16"
```

This value can be changed to any CIDR that does not overlap the cluster's service CIDR.
The manifests are currently setup to use the CIDR `192.168.0.0/16` so you would initialize
the cluster with the following command:

```shell
kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=192.168.0.0/16
```

### etcd datastore

Users who have deployed their own etcd cluster outside of kubeadm should
use the [Calico only manifest](../hosted) instead, as it does not deploy its
own etcd.

To install this Calico and a single node etcd on a run the following command:

> **Note**: The following manifest requires Kubernetes 1.7.0 or later.
{: .alert .alert-info}

```shell
kubectl apply -f {{site.url}}/{{page.version}}/getting-started/kubernetes/installation/hosted/kubeadm/1.7/calico.yaml
```

>[Click here to view the above yaml directly.](1.7/calico.yaml)

### Kubernetes datastore

To install Calico configured to use the Kubernetes API as its sole data source, run the following commands:

> **Note**: The following manifests require Kubernetes 1.7.0 or later.
{: .alert .alert-info}

```shell
kubectl apply -f {{site.url}}/{{page.version}}/getting-started/kubernetes/installation/hosted/rbac-kdd.yaml
kubectl apply -f {{site.url}}/{{page.version}}/getting-started/kubernetes/installation/hosted/kubernetes-datastore/calico-networking/1.7/calico.yaml
```

>[Click here to view the above RBAC yaml directly.](../rbac-kdd.yaml)
>
>[Click here to view the above Calico yaml directly.](../kubernetes-datastore/calico-networking/1.7/calico.yaml)

## Using calicoctl in a kubeadm cluster

The simplest way to use calicoctl in kubeadm is by running it as a pod.
See [Installing calicoctl as a container](/{{page.version}}/usage/calicoctl/install#installing-calicoctl-as-a-container) for more information.

### Requirements / Limitations

* This install assumes no other pod network configurations have been installed
  in /etc/cni/net.d (or equivilent directory).
* The CIDR(s) specified with the kubeadm flag `--pod-network-cidr` must match the Calico IP Pools to have Network
  Policy function correctly. The default is `192.168.0.0/16`.
* The CIDR specified with the kubeadm flag `--service-cidr` should not overlap with the Calico IP Pool.
  * The default CIDR for `--service-cidr` is `10.96.0.0/12`.
  * The calico.yaml(s) linked sets the Calico IP Pool to `192.168.0.0/16`.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
← Brownback Learned His Lesson: It's Easier to Intimidate a Reporter than a High Schooler
If He Insults Catholics, Expect Him to Give a Speech at Bob Jones University →
What Enthusiasm Gap?
Posted on November 29, 2011	by Dana Houle
The WSJ's Gerald Seib, citing the most recent WSJ/NBC poll, tells us that that Democrats face a possibly dire enthusiasm gap heading in to the 2012 election. Jamelle Bouie addresses Seib's argument:
For comparison's sake, the 2010 congressional elections saw an enthusiasm gap of 5 to 7 points – enough to hand Republicans a landslide victory in the House of Representatives. Of course, with a little less than a year before the election, it's too early to make any sure predictions about the eventual enthusiasm gap. Despite their dislike for Obama, it's possible that tepid support for their nominee could depress enthusiasm among Republican voters. Likewise, combination of Republican extremism, economic growth, and renewed confidence in President Obama could rouse Democrats out of their slumber, and put the party on more competitive footing.
Jamelle is correct to caution against drawing big conclusions about a supposed current enthusiasm gap. But I'll go further: Seib not only has no evidence that Republicans are more enthusiastic about voting in 2012, he's ignoring evidence from his own poll that suggests that compared to Democrats, Republicans are LESS enthusiastic about voting in 2012.
First, look at what Seib claims:
A majority of Republicans, 56%, said they were more enthusiastic. By contrast, only 43% of Democrats said they were more enthusiastic. Other readings from the poll produced the same kind of picture of a fired-up Republican base and a more lethargic Democratic one.
Now, look at the wording of the poll:
This data doesn't suggest that the Democratic base is lethargic, or that the Republican base is more "fired up" than the Democratic base. It simply suggests that since the last election the Republicans have posted a net gain in enthusiasm, but that's compared to an election in which Democrats had massive turnout, huge excitement and a big enthusiasm advantage over the Republicans. Neither Seib nor WSJ/NBC have provided crosstabs, so we don't know what the breakdown is between Democrats and Republicans on the rest of the question, but if the poll shows that the combination of "more enthusiastic" and "same" is greater among Democrats, that would mean that the Democrats have actually expanded their advantage in voter enthusiasm since the 2008 election, especially if the Democratic share of the entire electorate is a larger share compared to the Republicans than was the case in 2008.
Of course, it could be that some respondents to that question were thinking of 2010 rather than 2008. Maybe that would mean Republicans are even in more of a frenzy. But who knows? It's such a poorly written question that leads to at best ambiguous conclusions that it's nearly useless. But at best, it doesn't support Seib's claim.
But if you find it hard to accept that Democrats may have a more enthusiastic base, you should look at results from the same poll that Seib appears to have ignored:
Note that there are more than twice as many enthusiastic Obama voters than enthusiastic Romney voters, and more than twice as many Romney voters who would vote for him only because he's the nominee than those who would vote for Obama because he's the nominee. That finding not only doesn't fit with Seib's claim that Democrats face an enthusiasm gap, it strongly suggests that it's Republicans who face an enthusiasm gap, the exact opposite of Seib's claim.
Of course, it shouldn't be news to anyone who's been paying attention to the data that it's not Democrats who have a bigger problem with their base, it's Republicans. After all, if Republicans were so enthusiastic compared to Republicans, why would 52% of Republicans favor the creation of a third party, compared to only 33% of Democrats?
Barack Obama and Democrats up and down the ballot have a tough road ahead. But the idea that the Republicans' have a larger and more enthusiastic base than the Democrats is at best dubious, and quite possibly the inverse of reality.
2 Responses to What Enthusiasm Gap?
Norbrook says:
I think it's rather ridiculous to be measuring "enthusiasm" this far out from an election. Normal people – which constitutes most of the electorate – aren't really paying a lot of attention to the races.
Carol Johnson (@townsquare56) says:
Not only that, but we already have our Presidential nominee, so a lot of Democrats feel more free to complain now about what he does. The real question is when the voting starts, and when the primaries start, will Dems come out to support lower level candidates?
Leave a Reply to Carol Johnson (@townsquare56) Cancel reply


Chinatown Perfume by Bond No. 9, Chinatown is a women's perfume with white floral, warm spicy, woody, floral, tuberose, and vanilla main accords . Launched in 2005, this Oriental floral fragrance was created by perfumer Aurelien Guichard, who was with Givaudan at the time. The scent leads with peach blossom and bergamot top notes, followed by tuberose, gardenia, orange blossom, and peony middle notes. Cardamom, vanilla, sandalwood, guaiac wood, patchouli, and Virginia cedar comprise the base Read More Read More notes. Long lasting, with moderate sillage, this fragrance works best on fall and winter days and nights.
Bond No. 9 is an American fragrance brand founded by Laurice Rahme in New York in 2003. The brand is named after the address of the headquarters, as is its main shop. The fragrances are unabashedly New York-influenced, representing New York neighborhoods, places, and beaches. Besides fragrances, the product lines include body creams and washes and scented candles. Some of the brand's distinctive star-shaped bottles are adorned with Swarovski crystals. All products are original, authentic name brands. We do not sell knockoffs or imitations.


A middle-aged Norwegian man was pronounced dead on Friday morning. He had drowned while swimming in the Andaman Sea.
The accident occurred in Phang Nga province at 9:30 in the morning. The Norwegian newspaper Dagbladet reported that Norway's Foreign Ministry has already confirmed the death.
According to an eyewitness, the 40-year-old man, who was not named in the report, was recovered from the water in an unconscious state. Immediate resuscitation attempts were unsuccessful: the man was pronounced dead shortly afterwards.


text:
Pupils Sleep Out at school to help local homeless people
Pupils at Chalkwell Hall Junior School are gearing up for HARP's Really Big South Essex Sleep Out.
We are inviting people to take part in The Really Big South Essex Sleep Out to raise awareness of just how tough it really is to sleep rough, and to raise much needed funds to enable us to reach out to more people in need.
At the event that takes place on or around Saturday 7th October, participants are encouraged to hold their own Sleep Out, and can either brave the elements with just a sleeping bag, or get the tent out and camp in the garden with the whole family. Chalkwell Hall Junior School put an interesting spin on the challenge last year by inviting pupils to sleep at the school, and they are planning on doing the same again this year after raising over £2,000 last time around!
Chalkwell Hall Juniors took the challenge seriously. Deputy Head Nick Hanshaw said "teaching core values and morals through all different subjects is a very important part of growing up and events like this help with pupils' confidence and independence which in turn helps with their development in all different ways. Not only did the children raise lots of money but they are now more aware of homelessness and how difficult life on the streets can be."
Homelessness is now a part of the curriculum and this challenge offers the perfect introduction to the sensitive and complex issue. Pupils from Chalkwell Hall Junior School spent the night being accountable for their belongings - like they would be if they were on the streets - and they learnt why some people are homeless, and what personal challenges they face. Through a variety of HARP assisted assemblies and discussions, the children learnt a great deal about homelessness, and the night away from their homes was more than just an expedition that was fuelled by excitement; it gave the children a real opportunity to stop and reflect on how it might feel to be homeless.
They ditched electronics for the night in favour of things that might be more accessible to someone that is homeless, and whilst some of the children said it was these home comforts that they missed the most, others said that being away from their family was tough. They all reported feeling tired the next day after a restless night but it would appear that the excitement of the challenge and companionship of their school friends made the experience a memorable one.
Although they all relished the independence, the event taught the children a lot about being homeless.
9 year old Edith said, "I think it would feel horrible to be homeless, I think it would be really hard. I struggled to get to sleep with just the sound of the cars - when you are out in the coldness and being right next to it with no shelter it would be extremely hard."
Lisa Walton, our Community Fundraiser said "The Really Big South Essex Sleep Out is a fun way to engage children with an important local issue and educate and empower them to make a positive change in their communities. Last year, over 60 Sleep Outs were held across South Essex, and overall the event raised over £8,000. We hope to beat that target this October. We are encouraging other schools to follow in Chalkwell Hall's footsteps and get involved. Participating in this event makes learning fun and will help HARP continue to reach out to those in need."
For more info head to essexsleepout.org


text:
A la une / Blues / Infos
Eddie Tigner Music maker nous a quittés RIP
de Bel7 · 18 avril 2019
Eddie Tigner
Photos Jean Paul " Guerrier " Bellanger " Bel7infos
Ed Tigner, Jr., better known as Eddie Tigner (born August 11, 1926) is an American blues pianist, keyboardist, singer and songwriter.[1][2] He has recorded two albums, both released by Music Maker, and continues to perform on stage each week, despite being in his nineties. He performs stood up at the keyboard nowadays, noting "Most keyboard players sit; I can't anymore. If I sit down to play, I'll go to sleep."[3]
1Life and career
2Discography
3References
4External links
Life and career[edit]
Ed Tigner, Jr. was born in Macon, Georgia, United States.[1][2] In the early 1930s, Tigner heard the barrelhouse blues that his mother played at Atlanta house parties.[4] After his father died from the effects of mustard gas poisoning he suffered in World War I, and when Tigner was six years old, the family relocated to a mining camp in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky. This followed his mother's re-marriage to a coal miner.[1][4] Tigner then listened to the country and bluegrass music of that region, but also the largely African American camps had a tradition of blues music. At the age of 14, the family moved to Atlanta, Georgia.[1][4] Once there, and with his mother in demand as a pianist, Tigner followed her to evening engagements at house parties and fish fries.[1]
Tigner began military service in 1945 in the United States Army, and during his term there learned to play the piano. Tigner was also in charge of booking entertainment for the servicemen. He often traveled to Baltimore to transport Bill Kenny, one of the founding members of the Ink Spots, to perform on the army base at Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland. Tigner also met T-Bone Walker during this time.[4][1] In 1947, after his discharge he returned to Atlanta and assembled his first group, known as the Maroon Notes. In the group, Tigner played the vibraphone and they found intermittent work in Georgia and Florida.[5] Tigner also worked in Atlanta as the pianist for the comedian Spencer "Snake" Anthony.[4]
In 1959, Tigner joined the Ink Spots onstage during a show in Atlanta. The band had fractured upon the death of their original bass player in 1947, and various versions of the band had sprung up. Tigner's bass heavy style of playing the piano helped secure a job with them.[1] Tigner was always keen to point out that his group had nothing to do with the original outfit, but it secured work for many years.[6] Tigner's voice was too deep for lead vocal duties, but he ended up reciting the spoken monologues that often separated the song's verses.[4] This led to decades of touring around the US.[1] During this time Tigner met and played backing for Elmore James for a couple of years.[7] After his first wife died, Tigner remarried and his second, Ollie, sometimes joined him touring the country.[4] His stature became such that the outfit was billed as Ed Tigner's Ink Spots, but the constant touring took its toll and Tigner suffered a heart attack.[7] He left the outfit in 1987 and returned home to Atlanta intending to semi-retire from the music industry. However, after a little while away, he was persuaded to play the blues.[3] In 1991, Tigner commenced playing in clubs in and around Atlanta, with the encouragement of a local guitarist Danny "Mudcat" Dudeck.[1] As a day job, Tigner worked in the kitchen at a local elementary school, and settled with his wife in a modest wooden house in Edgewood.[4] Also on a local front, Cora Mae Bryant, the daughter of Curley Weaver, gradually became important on the Atlanta blues scene. She helped to organize "Giving It Back" festivals at the city's Northside Tavern to honor early blues artists.[8] Mudcat Dudeck, starting in 1995, continued this organisation, with the money raised supporting a living musician, including Tigner himself in 1998.[4]
The same year, Dudeck introduced Tigner to the Music Maker Relief Foundation.[5][7] In time the Foundation helped Tigner with medical costs, supplied him with a new keyboard and helped arrange a passport.[3] In 2003, Music Maker released Tigner's first record, Route 66, an album containing 12 songs.[3] These included Tigner's take on standards such as "Take the "A" Train", "Stormy Monday", "C.C. Rider", and the title track, "(Get Your Kicks On) Route 66". Tigner provided vocals and piano work, as well as electric organ on several of the sides.[7]
Tigner began touring again, appearing at the Chicago Blues Festival and Australia's Byron Bay Bluesfest, plus a six week tour of Europe in 2010.[4] Tigner recorded his second album, Slippin' In (2009), where he gained a credit as a songwriter for the title track.[7] Locally, Tigner started to appear regularly at both Fat Matt's Rib Shack, sometimes with Beverly Watkins,[4] and also at the Northside Tavern.[9] His overseas traveling ended in 2012, four years after retiring from his school duties.[4] Around that time Tigner noticed that he was forgetting things, and after seeking medical advice found that the diagnosis was the onset of Alzheimer's disease.[7] Nevertheless, two nights before his 89th birthday party, Tigner was in Durham, North Carolina, playing an outdoor concert alongside Albert White and other Music Maker acts.[4] Still a Northside Tavern regular, Tigner continues each week to play a repertoire which includes songs such as "Going Down Slow," "Help Me Make It Through the Night," and "Shake, Rattle and Roll."[9] Despite lung troubles necessitating steering clear of smoke-filled venues, Tigner enjoyed singing and playing at his 92nd birthday at the Northside.[6] He performs stood up at the keyboard nowadays, noting "Most keyboard players sit; I can't anymore. If I sit down to play, I'll go to sleep."[3]
Tigner has been featured in the book Music Makers: Portraits and Songs from the Roots of America (2004), plus the Music Maker documentary film, Toot Blues.[7] Tigner's work also appears on various compilation albums including "After Hours" on Lucerne Blues Festival 2001 and "Route 66" on We Are the Music Makers! (2014). He also played the organ and piano on Mudcat's album, The Mess Is On (2007).[10]
2003 Route 66 Music Maker
2009 Slippin' In Music Maker
^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i "Eddie Tigner". Gabluesnroots.org. 14 March 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^ Jump up to:a b Eagle, Bob L.; LeBlanc, Eric S. (1 May 2013). "Blues: A Regional Experience". ABC-CLIO. p. 274. Retrieved 7 March2019.
^ Jump up to:a b c d e "Creative Juices: Eddie Tigner retires from the Ink Spots to the life of an elder bluesman". Artsal.org. 23 December 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Musicians Eddie Tigner and Daniel "Mudcat" Dudeck forged a friendship through some real-life blues". Atlanta Magazine. 24 February 2016. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^ Jump up to:a b "Eddie Tigner". Edgemediastock.com. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^ Jump up to:a b "Eddie Tigner – Feature Stories". Stompandstammer.com. 9 August 2018. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g "Eddie Tigner". Musicmaker.com. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^ "American Blues-Music Maker Relief Foundation: Meet Cora Mae Bryant". Ibiblio.org. Retrieved 11 October 2018.
^ Jump up to:a b Hal Horowitz. "Eddie Tigner turns 92!". Creativeloafing.com. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^ Jump up to:a b "Eddie Tigner – Credits". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^ "Eddie Tigner – Album Discography". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
Toot Blues @ IMDb.com
American blues singers
American blues pianists
American male pianists
American keyboardists
20th-century American pianists
21st-century American keyboardists
21st-century American pianists
20th-century male musicians
21st-century male musicians
Songwriters from Georgia (U.S. state)
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Billet suivant MANU LANVIN au magasin ROCK PARADISE 18/04/2019
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text:
Outlander season 6: Claire Fraser storyline leaves fans 'really frustrated'
Outlander season 6 will give viewers a chance to see Claire Fraser try to recover from the events of the series five finale which saw her kidnapped and attacked. However fans have expressed their disappointed that one storyline has been missed out.
Claire Fraser (played by Caitriona Balfe) is first seen at the end of the Second World War before reuniting with husband Frank Randall (Tobias Menzies). The pair then head off on honeymoon in Inverness where Claire touches the stones at Craig Na Dun and travels back in time to 18th Century Scotland where she meets Jamie Fraser. Not much more is known about Claire's past and Outlander fans are disappointed she hasn't been given the chance to share details of her childhood.
Over the past five seasons, Outlander fans have heard tales about Jamie's past and childhood at Lallybroch.
However, Claire has rarely discussed information about her own childhood and have begged bosses to share more.
One fan posted on Reddit: "Claire is the main character of the series and yet we don't know much about her childhood or her life before she time travelled.
"I mean DG [Diana Gabaldon] gave her an interesting outline like she was an orphan at 5 and went to live with her archeologist uncle who apparently hates any kind of person conflict.
"I thought there was going to be some kind of interesting relationship between them and that we were going to see how she dealt with not having a mother and stuff but no it's glossed over."
Fans out the Outlander novels by Diana Gabaldon know there is much more to Claire than she has revealed in the Starz series.
The fan continued: "Honestly I was really disappointed when I read the first book and got to the part where Jamie and Claire share there backstory together, while Jamie tells his backstory /childhood /genealogy in full detail Claire's is just glossed over like why tho?" (sic)
Others agreed and shared their "disappointment" over Claire's backstory being missed out.
Another shared: "I want more Uncle Lamb! Their story has so much potential, it's really a shame that DG doesn't find them appealing enough to do a story about them.
"I understand why Claire's parents might not be ideal, but Uncle Lamb? Come on!"
A second added: "Yes I agree! Like I remember that scene from the first episode where she and uncle Lamb are out on a site and she takes a drag of his cigarette and it just seemed like they had this awesome relationship and I was excited to see more of it!
"I would love more details on their relationship and her growing up with him. I imagine she saw and experienced so many unique things growing up with someone like uncle Lamb."
The sixth season will see Claire start her recovery after her horrific sexual assault in the season five finale.
Actress Caitriona Balfe previously teased there is much more to come from her character.
"We can hopefully shed a light on something that people go through in real life and in some way then be part of a positive conversation about it" she said.
"We're at the beginning of a journey with Claire, and I think it will take a long time for her to put the pieces back together."
Fortunately, Caitriona noted she will have her support system around her: "But, the great thing is that she has a loving family around her, who also unfortunately understand this experience all too well.
"That is something that really gives her a lot of strength."
Outlander seasons 1-5 are available to stream on Starz.
Caitriona Balfe, Claire Fraser, Jamie Fraser, Netflix, News, outlander, outlander season 6, Sam Heughan, starz, TV Series
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First up, require the CSV library in your file. You don't need to install any gem for it, it comes bundled with your installation of ruby.
r Read-only mode. The file pointer is placed at the beginning of the file. This is the default mode.
r+ Read-write mode. The file pointer will be at the beginning of the file.
w Write-only mode. Overwrites the file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for writing.
w+ Read-write mode. Overwrites the existing file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for reading and writing.
a Write-only mode. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. That is, the file is in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for writing.
a+ Read and write mode. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. The file opens in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for reading and writing.


text:
Google's Greater China President Steps Down
The search giant says its vice president and Greater China president, Liu Yun, will pursue other opportunities.
By Paul Carsten • Jul 16, 2013
John Liu Yun
This story originally appeared on Reuters
Google Inc. said on Monday that its vice-president and Greater China president, Liu Yun, has stepped down to pursue other opportunities.
His replacement will be Scott Beaumont, who currently runs the company's partnerships business in Europe.
Google's share of the search engine market in China has been slipping, spurred by its decision to no longer censor its searches on the mainland and move its servers to Hong Kong in March 2010, just months after Liu took over.
Google held 8 percent of market in terms of page views in June 2011, coming second to Baidu with 81 percent, according to Chinese data firm CNZZ. Its share has fallen 6 percentage points over two years according to last month's data, dropping to fifth place. New entrant Qihoo 360 already holds 15 percent of market share.
"Once they made the decision to move their servers out of mainland China their prospects here dimmed considerably," said Mark Natkin, managing director of Marbridge Consulting, a China technology research firm.
Google's Android operating system has also proven difficult to monetise, despite its success in terms of take-up in China.
For the three months ending in April this year 69 percent of all smartphones sales were on the Android system. Phones using Apple's iOS, Android's closest competitor, made up 25 percent of sales in the same period, according to data from Kantar, a market research group.
The ways the company usually monetises Android, like its app store, often get stripped out of the software in China when it is remade for the local market, said Natkin.
Related: How Apple's App Store Changed Business at Its Core
The prevalence of Android in China drew the ire of its political system in a March report by the state-controlled think tank China Academy of Telecommunications Research, which operates under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
The report said that Google had too much control over China's smartphone sector, which had become dependent on Android, and had discriminated against certain local firms.
The paper suggested that the government would throw its full support behind a viable domestic challenger to Google.
"Google's biggest challenge remains how to penetrate China," said Elinor Leung, Hong Kong-based head of Asia telecom and internet research at CLSA.
"Their servers have been moved to Hong Kong and their Android operating system has been localised," she said, adding that Liu's departure and the arrival of Beaumont would likely have little impact.
Related: Google Releases New Maps App for Smartphones and Tablets
Paul Carsten
Journalist for Reuters
Leadership China Technology Google News and Trends
Recruiting on a Budget? Here Are 7 Ways You Can Beat the Big Companies to Top Talent
Talent can make or break a small business, which is why it's critical to do all you can to recruit the right people.
By Sarah Mayer


Two Versus Three - Episode 18: "Strange Kids VS eBay Bids"
This week Cody complains to the guys about their Pokemon Go obsession. They discuss the new Netflix series Stranger Things, and Kyle asks the group why Samuel L. Jackson is a respected actor. They fantasize about what the ultimate autograph would be, and on a very dark note, Kyle asks the guys if they would want to taste good if someone were to eat them.


Rugged, heavy duty, custom designed bulk conveyors have been a specialty for Wolfe since our beginning in 1979. Manufacturers all across the USA have depended on Wolfe for design, fabrication and installation of bulk conveying systems to efficiently move their raw materials into their plants and through their process systems.
Conveyors, Inc. Conveyors, Inc. is a longtime IBT Industrial Solutions resource for bucket and screw conveying equipment. Since 1974, they have been offering manufacturing components and engineered systems for the bulk material handling industry.
Pneumatic conveyors and screw conveyors are both types of bulk material handling equipment. The goal of both of them is to convey bulk materials from from Point A to Point B within an industrial system.
Advanced Equipment Systems (AES) is a designer and manufacturer of heavy duty, industrial material handling conveyors. AES specializes in chain, steel belt, heavy duty roller, PVC, and Vroll conveyors.
Inclined screw conveyors solve the basic need for conveying bulk materials a specific distance while elevating it. Because of equipment stack up, inclined screw conveyors are needed to create the optimum plant layout and reduce the number of pieces of equipment in the process flow.
We help manufacturers move materials and products around production facilities and around the world. We are a company of inventors and innovators who create the best possible system, now and into the future. We are Industrial Conveying (Aust) Pty Ltd … just call us ICA. Talk to us about tailoring an individually engineered solution for you.
offers 19,975 industrial conveyers products. About 15% of these are conveyors, 10% are material handling equipment parts. A wide variety of industrial conveyers options are available to you, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, and rubber. You can also choose from belt conveyor, conveyor system, and chain conveyor.
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Pneumatic conveyors are a popular choice among many industrial facilities because of their efficiency, reliability and easy access for cleaning. Pneumatic conveying reduces dust and protect materials from contamination during transfer, making it one of the best solutions to the problem of how to move material.
We offer heavyduty belt conveyors for bulk handling applications. The right material handling system can add automation and fluidity to any application. We offer a wide range of optional equipment to complement our conveying systems in order to provide you with a complete system designed to handle your specific material.


text:
Kellie Carter Jackson
Steven Hahn
Wed, February 27th, 2019 | 5:30 pm
Free for Members of the Women's History Council
Members price:
Women's History Salons
Buy Tickets URL:
http://3256.blackbaudhosting.com/3256/tickets?tab=3&txobjid=fa057765-f8af-4a3f-afff-3b291ab32a87
Sold out:
Programs & Exhibitions Brochure
programs > past programs > Force and Freedom: Black Abolitionists and the Politics of Violence
Force and Freedom: Black Abolitionists and the Politics of Violence
History After Dark
back to all programs
Kellie Carter Jackson, Steven Hahn
(Members $12)
The new book Force and Freedom is the first historical analysis exclusively focused on the tactical use of violence among antebellum black activists. It examines one of the perennial questions in political thought: Is violence a valid means of producing social change? Historian Kellie Carter Jackson, assistant professor of Africana Studies at Wellesley College, addresses how black abolitionists answered this question. Black resistance and violent resistance to slavery was central to emancipation, and the phrase "freedom now" was never more urgent than in the decades leading up to the Civil War. Steven Hahn, professor of history at New York University, joins Dr. Jackson in conversation about this important new work.
The Skylight Gallery at the New-York Historical Society, 170 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024
By phone: Contact New-York Historical's in-house call center at (212) 485-9268. Call center is open 9 am–5 pm daily.
Online: Click on the orange "Buy Tickets" button at the top of this page.
In person: Advance tickets may be purchased on site at New-York Historical's Admissions desk during museum hours.
Advance purchase is required to guarantee seating. Programs and dates may be subject to change. Program tickets do not include Museum Admission unless otherwise noted.
Lead support for the Center for Women's History programs provided by
Joyce B. Cowin, Diane and Adam E. Max, Jean Margo Reid,
and The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.


Daniel and most of the noblemen of Judah were exiled to Babylon during the siege of 605 B. C. There is thought to be a period of about 10 years between chapters two and three and another 18 years between chapters three and four in the Book of Daniel.
In chapter two, about 602 B.C., King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon had elevated Daniel to ruler over Babylon because Daniel told the king of his dream and it's interpretation, which had been revealed to Daniel in a vision from God. The time is now some 28 years later, about 574 B.C., and the king has now had another dream for which he seeks an interpretation.
In this passage, Nebuchadnezzar begins with high praise for Daniel's God. He praises the "signs and wonders" that God has worked for him (vv. 2-3a). He praises the sovereignty of God and the eternalness of His kingdom (v. 3b).
The king then cites a dream and visions he has experienced while resting in his palace. The dream made him afraid and the visions troubled him (vv. 4-5). He summoned his wise men to interpret the dream for him, but they were unable to do so (vv. 6-7).
Then Daniel "came before" him (v. 8a). The king refers to Daniel by his Babylonian name, "Belteshazzar, according to the name of my god" (v. 8b). So, after praising the God of the Bible, the king now refers to a Babylonian idol as "my god". He recognizes the great power and sovereignty of the God of the Bible, but he clings to his polytheistic beliefs.
The king shows that Daniel has witnessed to him over the years when he acknowledges that the Holy Spirit lives in Daniel (v. 8c). The king addresses Daniel as "chief of the magicians", because the Holy Spirit lives in him and reveals all secrets to him (v. 9a). He then asks Daniel to interpret his dream and visions (v. 9b).
The visions were of a "tree in the midst of the earth", of great height (v. 10). "The tree grew and became strong", reaching to the heavens where it could be seen from anywhere on earth (v. 11). "Its leaves were lovely, Its fruit abundant, And in it was food for all. The beasts of the field found shade under it, The birds of the heavens dwelt in its branches, And all flesh was fed from it" (v. 12). Daniel will explain the dream and visions in my next commentary.
Daniel has obviously witnessed to the king over the past 28 years. Additionally, the king has been blessed by the miracles of God. However, the king, for whatever reason, is still not convinced. He still believes in the religion of his forefathers, the worship of many idols. Old habits die hard.
The same can be said of those to whom we witness. It takes time, hopefully not 28 years, but time. We must continue to plant seeds. We must wait for the harvest. The harvest comes in God's time, not our time.
Our job is to be a Christian example, to practice lifestyle evangelism. That will get us in the door. Then, in God's timing, the opportunity will present itself to share the gospel. Everything is to be bathed in prayer. Even then, it may not be enough. But we have done our part. We have sowed the seeds. Only God can change hearts.


text:
The Journal of Modern Periodical Studies
Composure and Composition: Marianne Moore's Serial Imagination
Nikolaus Wasmoen
Penn State University Press
Volume 9, Number 1, 2018
This paper explores how Marianne Moore's reputation as a poet with intellectual precision, which began with her first publications, has obscured some of the emergent features of her early work that culminate in her 1920s long poems "Sea Unicorns and Land Unicorns," "An Octopus," and "Marriage." Moore's precision is achieved through incremental, temporalized processes on the levels of individual poems (through the use of "chromatic" forms such as lists, catalogs, and inventories), groupings or series of poems (through the use of editorial acts of selection, arrangement, and ordering), and in her oeuvre as a whole.


The Office of Letters and Light (aka the people who bring you National Novel Writing Months and Script Frenzy) is looking for a highly experienced and disciplined web developer to help us build new Rails-based applications from the ground up and port legacy applications over from an existing Drupal/PHP codebase.
Experience with either Rails or Merb as a framework is required, but a firm understanding of Ruby itself and all core web technologies is just as important. Experience with PHP is highly desired but lack of it is not a deal-breaker. More than anything, we want someone with chops and high coding standards. If you love commenting then we'll love you.
Our tech team is currently at two. We're an easy-going pair, but when it comes down to the wire we get things done! Our success stems from our ability to coordinate efficiently as a team but also from our individual initiatives and imaginations. We welcome anyone to the team who holds the same capacity for agile development. Also, be warned that sudden outbursts of gibberish, air punching, and Mel Brooks references are commonplace.
Since we're such a lean outfit, we require someone who can also fulfill system needs from time to time and assist others with office-infrastructure maintenance and troubleshooting. We're not looking for a full-fledged systems administrator, just someone who doesn't mind helping those who are less technically inclined. An intimate understanding of *nix systems is a must. Preferably you traverse the command-line daily. Experience with Debian Linux, and Amazon EC2 or other virtualized environments is a plus.
This is a part-time (30 hour/week) position. The applicant must be available to spend at least half of that time working in our Berkeley office. Exact work times are flexible. Competitive non-profit salary.
If you are interested in working with us, please send your resume and cover letter with background about yourself and your work to Tavia Stewart-Streit.
Code samples will be cherished.


text:
Diet and Nutrition News
New Omega-3 fish oil...
New Omega-3 fish oil with better taste and odor developed
Written by Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli Published On 2020-09-16T11:06:22+05:30 | Updated On 2020-09-16T15:01:56+05:30
Fish oil is an excellent dietary source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that has positive effects on human health including heart and eye health, inflammation and bone density.But a deterrent to its consumption may be it's smell.Researchers at University of Cincinnati have described the development of a refining process that scientists deem a superior method to help produce...
Fish oil is an excellent dietary source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that has positive effects on human health including heart and eye health, inflammation and bone density.But a deterrent to its consumption may be it's smell.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati have described the development of a refining process that scientists deem a superior method to help produce better dietary omega-3 health and dietary supplements containing fish oil.
The novel process using a new tool called a vortex fluidic device (VFD) is successful in lifting the quality of active ingredients of the PUFAs in fish oil alongwith better taste and odor.
The study now appears in Nature Papers Journals Science of Food.
Omega-3 fish oil contains both docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) which are essential nutrients that are important in preventing and managing cardiovascular diseases.
Capsules of fish oil protect omega-3 PUFAs from oxidation, but their large size limits their utility as nutritional supplements. Encapsulating fish oil in nanoparticles also protects omega-3 PUFAs from oxidation, and has exciting possibilities in food processing.
Researchers applied the VFD-mediated encapsulated fish oil to enrich the omega-3 fatty acid content of apple juice.
"This novel process enriches the omega-3 fatty acid content of apple juice remarkably without changing its taste," says Kumari, adding that two common consumer complaints regarding fish oil supplements is the taste and odor. Liquid omega-3 oils can also break down over time when exposed to oxygen which leads to degradation.
Compared to regular homogenization processing, Kumari says the device can raise PUFA levels and purity by lowering oxidation and dramatically improving shelf life. Natural bioactive molecules, also used in processing, reveal that the fish oil medium can absorb flavonoids and other health supplements.
This study not only presents a new alternative approach as an affordable one process but also for directly scaling up any fish oil process, for a variety of applications in food processing.
omega-3 fatty acids Omega 3 Science of Food polyunsaturated fatty acids novel fish oil Better taste and smell
Source : Science of Food
Dr. Kamal Kant Kohli
Dr Kamal Kant Kohli-MBBS, DTCD- a chest specialist with more than 30 years of practice and a flair for writing clinical articles, Dr Kamal Kant Kohli joined Medical Dialogues as a Chief Editor of Medical News. Besides writing articles, as an editor, he proofreads and verifies all the medical content published on Medical Dialogues including those coming from journals, studies,medical conferences,guidelines etc. Before Joining Medical Dialogues, he has served at important positions in the medical industry in India including as the Hony. Secretary of the Delhi Medical Association as well as the chairman of Anti-Quackery Committee in Delhi and worked with other Medical Councils in India. Email: editorial@medicaldialogues.in. Contact no. 011-43720751