I'm redoing a few tanks before the heat of summer hits and I'm on the hunt. I have a few things lined up, but there are some that I'm having trouble tracking down.
I'm also after some low grade CRS just to see how my shrimp tank setup works. I'm really after the ones that would ordinarily end up as fishfood, nothing fancy (or expensive).


text:
Resolving the Global and Environmental Issue of Microplastics at Agilent
The topic of microplastic pollution has become a high-priority area of study in recent years due to the increasing prevalence of plastic in our environment, and the limited knowledge we have on its impact to human health.
A critical step to addressing the global issue of plastic particle pollution is the advancement of research relating to the characterization of microplastic particles. By partnering with labs, universities and research facilities, private companies and public institutions, Agilent provides the necessary workflow solutions needed to further research and understanding on this pertinent environmental challenge.
Why is Agilent prioritizing the study of microplastics?
Plastics are continuing to enter our environment at an alarming rate, with approximately 400 million metric tons of plastic produced annually.5 Microplastics are a direct result of plastic production, and they have become pervasive in our environment, with their presence confirmed in the food and water we consume as well as in the air we breathe.
Research has indicated that microplastic consumption can be detrimental to animal health, leading to the obstruction of their digestive systems, and the absorption of hazardous environmental contaminants. The full implications of microplastic pollution to human health are currently unknown, but we do know that microplastic particles of sizes ranging from 50 to 500 µm can pass through the body.6 Further research needs to be conducted into whether the absorption of hazardous chemicals within these plastic particles can lead to future health defects as a result of biotoxicity accumulation.
While scientists are working quickly to learn more about how microplastics may affect the human body, the lack of standard methods for microplastics testing means that comparisons across studies can be problematic. By standardizing microplastic testing methods globally, we will be in a better position to provide accurate data that can be used to inform policy at a global level and fill unmet research gaps.
What are microplastics?
Microplastics are miniscule pieces of plastic, which measure between 1 μm to 5 mm in size, (1)approximately the size of a sesame seed. (2)
Microplastics can be placed into two categories: primary microplastics, which are very small plastic pieces that have deliberately been manufactured into products (e.g., shower gel, toothpaste) and secondary microplastics, which are small plastics that originate from larger plastics that have since degraded (e.g., paints, abraded tires from driving, textiles).(3)
Current research suggests that microplastics will also degrade into smaller particles on a nanoscale, called 'nanoplastics', which measure in the range of 1 to 1000 nm.(4)
Addressing the gaps in microplastics research
The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued a report calling for further research into the impact of microplastics and nanoplastics – it states that "a number of research gaps need to be filled" to assess the true risk of these plastics on our health, as our current data is lacking.7
Agilent is committed to answering this call to action by partnering with organizations and researchers to enable accurate characterization and quantification of microplastics in terms of their chemical identity, size, shape, and total mass. Enabling such research assists in addressing the gaps in knowledge that must be filled in order to tackle the global issue of microplastic pollution, and it will help to inform the development of global standards and regulations for plastic use and pollution.
Agilent's microplastics testing solutions enabling 'accuracy, efficiency and productivity'
Agilent is a leader in advancing the study of microplastics across the world, offering a range of instruments, both benchtop and portable handheld to analyze microplastics onsite in laboratories and outdoors in remote environments, ensuring for immediate and real-time results.
Agilent 8700 LDIR Chemical Imaging System
(Microplastics analysis pictured with the Agilent 8700 LDIR)
The Agilent 8700 Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) chemical imaging system provides complete and quick characterization for microplastic particles as small as 10μm.
Based on a Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL) light source, the fully automated workflow allows the user to analyze more samples, in greater detail, in minutes vs. hours. This robust solution provides the user with more statistical data than ever when analyzing microplastics in the environment or the food chain.
With more meaningful information available, the user can make more informed, faster decisions in product development reducing both costs and analysis time.
Agilent GC/MS systems
(pictured 8890 GC System coupled to a 5977B MS)
Agilent's market-leading GC/MS analyze different types and concentrations of microplastics in samples. GC/MS methods provide complementary analytical information for microplastic detection along with IR technology.
Agilent Smart Gas Chromatography (GC) systems provide proven reliability, high sample throughput, and Instrument Intelligence. They deliver high analytical performance with instrument intelligence predictive technologies to avoid problems before performance is affected.
Agilent's range of benchtop, online, and portable GC systems provide laboratories with increased analytical performance, reduced cost of ownership, and decreased capital expenditure investing.
These systems can be seamlessly combined with sample introduction techniques like pyrolysis and thermal desorption to analyze microplastics.
Agilent FTIR benchtop systems
(pictured Cary 630 FTIR Spectrometer)
The Agilent Cary 630 FTIR spectrometer is a flexible benchtop FTIR spectrometer that offers high-performance and extraordinary ease of use for cutting-edge research and routine analysis alike. When equipped with the ATR accessory, it enables fast identification of larger microparticles in the size range from around 300μm up to 5mm.
The Cary 630 FTIR has entered the laboratory with the reputation of being
an extremely robust, reliable and flexible benchtop FTIR spectrometer that
offers outstanding performance and reproducibility, even in humid and tropical environments. At just 20 x 20 cm and 3.6 kg, it is the world's smallest and lightest benchtop FTIR spectrometer and can be easily repositioned to produce high quality results wherever needed. Native workflows with picture-guidance and color-coded reporting in the MicroLab software make finding answers with the Cary 630 impressively simple.
FTIR Compact & Portable Imaging Systems
(pictured 4500 Series Portable FTIR)
The Agilent 4500 Portable FTIR Spectrometer is rugged, light (just 6.8kg or 15lbs) and designed specifically for out-of-lab, field-based measurements. Incorporating a rechargeable battery and operated by tablet or laptop it is ready to use right where you need it. Like the Cary 630, it enables routine analysis of larger microparticles and plastic debris; on the beach, on a boat, down a valley or up a mountain, quite literally anywhere you take it.
Agilent Supplies and Consumables for Successful Microplastics Analysis
Sample Vials and Caps
When it comes to selecting the perfect container for your precious samples, Agilent offers a range of materials inclusive of borosilicate glass limiting metal leeching and a wide selection of polymers limiting extractables.
Analytical Columns for GC
J&W GC columns deliver industry-leading technology with the highest inertness, lowest bleed levels, and tightest column-to- column reproducibility specifications.
Inlet Liners and Seals
Agilent's Ultra Inert Flow Path deactivation and innovative designs provides maximum inertness to prevent adsorption and ensure accurate sample transfer onto and through the column, and into the detector through a robust deactivated surface.
Fittings and Ferrules
Agilent's newly-released, collared, self-tightening column nut utilizes patented technology to reduce maintenance time, while providing a secure, leak-free seal through hundreds of temperatures cycles.
Gas Filtration and Purification Recommendations
The Gas Clean purification system delivers clean gases, reducing the risks of column damage, sensitivity loss, and instrument downtime. Inserting a gas clean purification system in the gas line immediately before the instrument inlet greatly reduces the level of impurities, thus improving trace analysis.
Invitation to Agilent Live Workshop Method Development & Optimization
The Versatile 7250 GC/Q-TOF: From the knowns to the unknowns, MS/MS and Accurate Mass.
Invitation to agilent live webinar – Targeted and Non Targeted approaches to safeguard your food
Invitation to Agilent Live Webinar Extractables Profiles to Leachable Testing in Pharma – Solving Complex Problems with Easy Workflow Solutions
Agilent 2021 virtual food safety analysis symposium

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


20 Classic Christmas Books for Children contains affiliate links.
Christmas is just around the corner, a fun and festive holiday that is loved by children and adults alike! Get in on the fun with these classic Christmas books for children, featuring classics like The 12 Days of Christmas, The Polar Express and more! Introduce your little one to all the classic stories that you read or watched as a child.
School just started here in Miami and it's been exciting. Em just started Kindergarten and AB is in PreK3. The girls love book and love reading, and now with Em learning to read it's time for us to upgrade our home library. The challenges are upon us so I want her to be ready for everything to come.
Captain Underpants The First Epic Movie Advance Screening Passes!
This post contains affiliate links. If you make a purchase using one of these product links, I may receive compensation. You can learn more about that by visiting my disclosure page.
In partnership with 20th Century Fox I'm sharing a special advance screening giveaway so you can see Captain Underpants The First Epic Movie before anyone else! I've got 25 passes that admit up to 4 people each on a first serve, first come basis.
Diary Of A Wimpy Kid The Long Haul Advance Screening Passes – See It First!
In partnership with 20th Century Fox I'm sharing a special advance screening giveaway so you can see Diary Of A Wimpy Kid The Long Haul before anyone else! I've got 25 passes that admit up to 4 people each on a first serve, first come basis. Diary Of A Wimpy Kid The Long Haul Advance Screening Passes are valid for the 10:30am screening on Saturday, May 13th at the AMC Aventura location only.


text:
Congratulations BHS Art Students!
The 41st Annual Art Exhibition was a huge success! I received numerous compliments at the opening reception last week on the high quality of the student work. All art students ( approx. 400) hung at least one work of art in the lower library. It represents a diverse and robust group of artwork that includes drawings, paintings, digital work, photography, mixed media, sculpture, mixed media, fashion and 3D prints.
AP Students exhibited drawings, paintings and collages in the Cambridge Street Gallery.
We also had our Makerbot 3D printer on display and students exhibited their 3D creatures created in the 123D app.
Our raffle was a huge success! Thank you to all who purchased tickets and congratulations to Wayne Little who won the GoPro Camera. All of the proceeds go to the BHS Art Scholarship Fund and help our numerous art students who choose to pursue a career in the Visual Arts.
The Fashion show was delightful and impressive. Students modeled their own creations including skirts, dresses and outfits made from recycled materials.
Nice job art students- we are proud of you!
Youth Art Month Exhibition at State Transportation Building
Youth Art Month 2014
The following artists from Burlington High School currently have work on exhibit in the State Transportation Building in Boston as part of the Youth Art Month Exhibition:
Keri Cucinotta
MacKenzie Ellis
Ryan Girouard
Irina Grigoryeva
Alison Heffler
Samantha Hovasse
Samantha Poulin
Brenna Tedesco
Art students in Grades K through 12 from across Massachusetts have been selected to display their creative works at the State Transportation Building in Boston. This multi- media exhibit is sponsored by the Massachusetts Art Education Association (MAEA) in conjunction with Youth Art Month, a national celebration that emphasizes the value of art education for all children and
encourages support for the quality art programs in our schools.
The Youth Art Month Exhibit will be on display and open to the public on weekdays from 9 am until 5 pm, from March 10th through April 25th (closed Patriots Day, Monday, April 21st). Admission is free.
You can find further details about Youth Art Month, as well as directions and parking information by visiting the MassachusettsArt Education website at www.massarted.com and following the Youth Art Month link.
yam_poster.pdf
Art Created In Response to David Sakura's Talk on Japanese American Internment
After David Sakura's talk on his sad experiences during the Japanese American Internment Camps students created works of art in response what they learned about American history.
Here are links to articles about David Sakura and his talk at BHS:
David Sakura: memories of WWII detention camp
BHS Hosts David Sakura
The students in Drawing and Painting used materials of their choice to create a wide variety of work.
Teneshia created this digital painting. It captures the moments of waiting and imprisonment that David described.
Jovan created this drawing after researching photographs of the internment camps. He depicts the vastness of the simple and inadequate housing provided.
Wilson added a twist to the American flag by including barbed wire and the stark white imprisoned figure. He researched Tule Lake Internment Camp and included the sign to signify that camp.
Demi was struck by David's story and how as a young child he could only take a few items from home. She created a painting of a child's teddy bear falling apart and behind barbed wire. She included the images of the simple housing in the background. Each building has a number on it. David described having to remember the number of his "house" since it was the only marking that noted the family living quarters.
Sana wanted to show the contrast of a guard's life at the internment camp and that of an interned child. She used paint and collages scraps of old fabric to create her image.
Justin created this collage of headlines and newspaper articles that he researched.
41st Annual Art Exhibition
Burlington High School Annual Art Exhibition and Fashion Show
The opening reception for Burlington High School's 41st Annual Art Exhibition will be held on Thursday, March 20, from 6:30 until 8:30 pm, which is also the night of the high school's Open House. Hundreds of pieces of work from all art classes will be on display in the high school library and main lobby. The show will be up until the second week of April, but this is the only night that the exhibition will be open to the general public.
Also that night, the Fashion Design class will be hosting its second annual Fashion Show in the lower library.
Cambridge Street Gallery, across from the school's cafeteria, will also be open that night. On display will be work from our AP Studio Art students.
BHS Art Students Exhibit in 2014 Massachusetts Sixth Congressional District Art Competition
Samantha Sheppard's "Self-Portrait" was selected as "Best of School"
Stephanie Desrochers, Irina Grigoryeva, Joseph Prendergast, Jovan Sematimba, Samantha Sheppard and Lina Wu were selected to exhibit in the 2014 Massachusetts Sixth Congressional District Art Competition at Montserrat College sponsored by Congressman John F. Tierney.
The exhibition is a juried art show for high school students (grades 10-12) from public and private schools within the Sixth Congressional District of Massachusetts. The exhibition was juried by Chris Van Allsberg and Greg Bokor
The exhibition will be open for public viewing March 5 - 7, 3 p.m. - 7 p.m. and March 8 noon - 5 p.m.
The closing awards ceremony will be held on Saturday, March 8, 3:30 p.m. – 5 p.m. Montserrat College of Art's 301 Cabot Street Gallery, Beverly, MA.
Francis Wyman's New Alphabet Wall
The Francis Wyman Elementary School received a generous donation of artwork from the Hair Cuttery.
Dennis Ratner is the founder and CEO of Ratner Companies, including Hair Cuttery salons, a national family of hair salons. Dennis is also the cousin of artist Phillip Ratner. The Hair Cuttery supports the arts and believes that art encourages imagination and stimulates the brain of a child.
The artwork "Through the Alphabet: from A to Z" is a collection of drawings created by artist Philip Ratner. Each drawing is skillfully drawn and illustrates a letter and an animal.
The artist is noted for his five sculptures at the statue of liberty and 40 sculptures at Ellis Island. Other permanent collections include works at The Smithsonian, The Library of Congress and The United States Supreme Court.
The Ratner Museum is dedicate to exhibiting his work. It is most unusual for an artist to have a museum permanently dedicated to his work during his lifetime and then sharing that museum with countless numbers of other artists. In 1984, Mr. Ratner was inspired to open the first of two museums, one in Israel and one in the Washington, DC area with his cousin Dennis Ratner.
With degrees from the Pratt Institute and American University, Ratner taught in the Washington, DC area for 23 years, and at the same time built his reputation as an international artist. No longer teaching, his students from as long ago as the early sixties still track him down and speak of the influence he had on their lives.
We are fortunate to have some of Philip Ratner's artwork.
I wanted to make sure that the artwork was properly displayed at Francis Wyman. The wall to display the artwork got a fresh new color selected by Interior Designer Deborah Chang. BHS Art Student Shelia Joyce helped me paint the wall and Architect Jansen Chang also generously donated his time and helped hang the artwork. The Francis Wyman custodial staff was extremely helpful as well.
The Francis Wyman PTO funded the supplies to display and hang the artwork.


text:
\section{Introduction}
$V_2O_3$ single crystals undergo a first order metal-insulator (M-I) transition at $T\approx 160K$ with antiferromagnetic ordering of Vanadium spins associated to a structural transition \cite{V2O3}.
 In Vanadium deficient samples, the metallic phase was shown to be stabilized down to $T\approx 10K$ \cite{carter1},
 where a spin density wave (SDW) condenses as indicated by a clear increase of the resistivity \cite{bao}. At roughly the same temperature, the Hall resistance shows a maximum, which was first attributed to skew scattering in an ordered magnetic state \cite{rosenbaum}.
 Stoichiometric $V_2O_3$ behaves differently. When submitted to a high hydrostatic pressure $P\geq 26 KBars$,
 its longitudinal resistivity decreases monotonically with a decrease in temperature and any gap opening can be observed.
 This indicates a fully suppressed metal to insulator
 transition down to the lowest temperature without any trace of magnetic ordering \cite{carter1}. On the other hand, the Hall resistance still shows
a maximum at $T\approx 10K$ \cite{klimm}, which may be explained by dominant spin fluctuations \cite{nari} or strong electronic correlations \cite{correlation} in the low temperature range.
 It has been reported that the spin susceptibility of metallic $V_2O_3$ under pressure exhibits also an anomaly at $T\approx 10K$ which has been associated with either low energy magnetic excitations or a kind of pseudo-gap formation \cite{suc}.
 There is a need for complementary experiments to clarify the origin of this anomaly.

 When $V_2O_3$ is epitaxially grown
  over a substrate, clamping of the film can prevent the structural transition \cite{clara}.
 As a consequence, a metallic state which mimics the highly pressured state is observed. Macroscopically, a distribution of strains
 in the thin film can lead to phase coexistence. The resistivity exhibits thermal hysteresis due to metastable states and is a non ergodic quantity
 in parts of the phase diagram, e.g. quantitative analysis of the measured values is ambiguous \cite{relax}.
 However, using a microbridge as a local probe, it is possible to isolate a pure metallic state without
 any thermal hysteresis and no trace of the M-I transition.
 In this paper, we discuss the transport properties of a strained $V_2O_3$ thin film in the so-called barely metallic side.
 We have performed conventional galvanomagnetic measurements and noise measurements. We will show that most of the properties are comparable
 to those observed in single crystals which were submitted to high pressure.
 The small size of the system makes the statistical averaging less effective
and, thus makes extraction of informations from noise measurements possible. As we will discuss below, the analysis of conductivity
 fluctuations provide new insights into the low temperature ground state of metallic $V_2O_3$.

 \section{Experimental}
The $V_2O_3$ thin film was grown on a substrate of (0001)-oriented saphire using
 the pulsed laser deposition from a $V_2O_5$ target. The details of the growth conditions,
 and some structural and microstructural characterisation have been reported previously \cite{clara}.
 In particular, the evolution of unit cell parameters was shown to be inconsistent with oxygen non stoichiometry \cite{clara}.
The film studied here is a 230\,{\AA} thick sample, with a low rms roughness of 0.47\,{nm}
(averaged over 3$\times$3$\mu m^{2}$). It was patterned using UV Photolitography and argon ion etching
 to form a bridge of length$\times$width=$200\times100$ $\mu m^2$.
Silver contact pads were connected
using aluminum-silicon wires (or Copper wires for measurements at temperature below 2K)
 which were attached by ultrasonic bonding for four probe and Hall effect measurements.
Measurements for $T\leq 2 K$ were performed in a He-3 cryostat. Transport measurements were taken at
 temperatures between $2K$ and $400K$ in a Physical Properties Measurement System from Quantum Design (PPMS). All magnetotransport
 measurements have been performed with the magnetic field along the c-axis, i.e. perpendicular to the film.
For noise measurements, we used a home-made sample holder and external electronics to acquire the resistance-time series and spectrum noise
 (the acquisition part consists of home-assembled low noise preamplifiers, a spectrum analyzer SR-760 and a Dynamic Signal Analyzer NI-4551).
 The final resolution is dominated by the low noise current supply (current noise: 0.2 $nA/Hz^{1/2}$)
 which leads to an equivalent noise of 100 $nV/Hz^{1/2}$ when the sample with $R\approx$ 0.5 $K\Omega$ is biased at low temperature. This is higher than both the equivalent Johnson thermal noise and the preamplifier noise.
The length dependence of the noise measured between different arms of the bridge allow to conclude that contact noise is not important here \cite{contact}.

\section{Results}
\subsubsection{Magnetotransport properties}

Fig.1 shows the resistivity of the metallic microbridge as function of the temperature. The resistivity is thermally reversible
 and ohmic for applied currents up to at least 1 mA and from $T=400K$ down to $2K$. Both the functional form of the resistivity and the absolute
 value were close to what is measured in crystals under high pressure \cite{carter1}. In particular,
 the resistivity tends to curve downward at high temperature but takes a value above the
3D Ioffe-Regel limit for metallic conductivity. This is often observed in so-called bad metals,
 and a large $\rho_{sat}\approx 1 m\Omega.cm$ has been discussed as a possible consequence of interacting
 electrons \cite{gun}.
For a correlated metal, a lot of different terms can play a role in electronic scattering,
 but at high temperature a major contribution from phonons can be still expected.
The electron-phonon
contribution to the resistivity is usually described by the Bloch-Gr$\ddot{u}$neisen formula:

\begin{equation}
\rho_{ph} = c.T^5/\theta6  \int_0^{\theta/T} x^5 [(e^x-1)(1-e^{-x})]^{-1} dx
\end{equation}

where $\theta$ is the Debye temperature and $c$ is a constant describing the electron-phonon interaction.
 The high temperature data were adjusted to the phenomenological parallel resistor with a saturation resistivity acting as a shunt \cite{wiessman}.

\begin{equation}
\rho^{-1}=\rho_{sat}^{-1}+(\rho_{0}+\rho_{ph})^{-1}
\end{equation}

A good fit is obtained for the temperature range $ 130K \leq T \leq 400K$. We found an approximative residual resistivity $\rho_{0}\approx 320 \mu \Omega .cm$ which will be refined below, a saturation resistivity $\rho_{sat}\approx 1 m\Omega.cm $, and a Debye temperature $\theta=300 K$.
 The deduced Debye temperature was close to half the value of bulk samples ($\theta_{bulk} \approx 560 K$),
 which could be qualitatively explained by a size effect \cite{debye} and/or by stress in the film.
For $T\leq 140-150K$, an additional contribution is needed to describe the resistivity.
 In particular, at the lowest temperatures, where the electron-phonon scattering was clearly negligible ($T\leq 20 K$),
 a quadratic temperature dependence of the resistivity was observed in the form of $\rho_{T^2}=A.T^2+\rho_0$, with $A=0.073 \mu \Omega.cm.k^{-2}$
 and a more precise value of the residual resistivity $\rho_{0}\approx 316 \mu \Omega .cm$(fig.2).
 This Fermi liquid-like dependence has been reported
for single crystals of $V_2O_3$ submitted to a high pressure \cite{carter2,mederle}, and, more recently, in strained thin films \cite{clara2}.
 This dependence is typical
 of electron-electron scattering \cite{baber,lawrence} which is the general interpretation in $V_2O_3$. Spin fluctuations can also lead to a quadratic temperature dependence at low temperature \cite{nari}.
We note also that the functional form of $\rho(T)$ over the full temperature range was not very different from what was expected taken in spin fluctuations theories \cite{nari,coblin}.
 The $T^2$ variation
 of the resistivity did not extend down to the lowest temperature, as can be seen in fig.2.
 Here an excess of resistivity was observed when $T\leq  10K$.
After carefully subtracting $\rho_{T^2}$ from the measured resistivity at low temperature ($T\leq 20K$), a logarithmic
 dependence of the resistivity was observed from $T\leq 10K$ down to $2K$ (fig.3). This is the limiting temperature in our PPMS cryostat.
 Measurements in another film of the same thickness at the lowest
 temperature indicated that this logarithmic dependence extends down to $400 mK$. Kondo effect (scattering by magnetic impurities)
 or weak localisation corrections can be made to explain that the scattering increases at low temperatures with such characteristics.
The
 $T^{1/2}$ dependent conductivity which is characteristic of electron-electron scattering in a disordered medium has been proposed
as an explanation
 for the low temperature upturn in pressurized $V_2O_3$ resistivity \cite{carter1,mederle}. This however does
 not provide a satisfactory fit for our sample.

In addition to the excess of resistivity, a negative longitudinal magnetoresistance (MR) appears for $T\leq 130K$ (inset of fig.4).
 Its magnetic field dependence is quadratic from $B=0T$ to $7T$ and for all temperatures down to $2K$. The origin of the
quadratic dependence
of a negative magnetoresistance is uncertain \cite{griessen}. One possible mechanism is 2D weak localization (WL) as far as $B \ll  \hbar /(4eL_\varphi^2)$, where $L_\varphi$
 is the coherence length \cite{notebene}.
 Quadratic negative magnetoresistance is also a common feature of Kondo-like magnetic metals, where the magnetic field tends to suppress the spin fluctuations.
 Remarkably, the absolute value of the MR shows a notable increase for $T\leq 10K$, clearly
evidenced by tracing the Kohler's plot. The idea behind Kohler's rule is that in conventional isotropic metals,
 the magnitude of MR is fixed by a single scattering time $\tau(T)\propto 1/\rho(T)$, and implies
that $\Delta \rho(B)/ \rho(0)=F(B \tau)$
where $F$ is a function dependent on the details of the electronic structure. Due to its quite large generality,
 the Kohler's rule is expected to apply in a Fermi liquid also and has been used as a probe of non Fermi liquid ground states.
In the limit of the carrier density being temperature independent \cite{luo},
 Kohler's rule written in its simplest form is $\Delta \rho(B) / \rho(0)=F(B / \rho(0))$.
 In fig.4, it can be seen that $\Delta\rho(B)/\rho(0)$ plotted as function of $(B/\rho(0))^2$ for different
 temperatures gives a single curve, i.e. Kohler's rule is fulfilled when $T\geq 10K$. The strong increase of the MR below $10K$
 was thus associated with a departure from Kohler's rule.
The Hall resistance also presented a maximum
 in the 10K-20K range (fig.5), as previously reported both for single crystals and for thin films \cite{rosenbaum,klimm,clara2}.
Since it was observed in absence of a clear magnetic transition, a dominant effect of spin-fluctuation has been proposed \cite{nari,klimm}.
 Such a maximum can also be expected from strong correlation effects \cite{correlation}.
In summary of this part, we have confirmed that the magnetotransport properties of metallic $V_2O_3$ thin film present similarities with $V_2O_3$ crystals under pressure
 such as the $T^2$ variation of the resistivity and the maximum of the Hall effect at $T\approx 10K$.
 In addition, we have shown that the $10K$ anomaly reflects also in the MR and in a Kondo-like increase of the resistivity at low temperature.
Both electronic correlations and spin fluctuations can be used as qualitative explanations.

\subsubsection{Noise measurements as a complementary tool}

Benefiting from the small size of our sample, we have studied conductivity fluctuations
 by measuring the resistance noise. We have measured a set of resistance-time series
 at various temperatures. The temperature was allowed to stabilize during sample cooling before
 each measurement series.
 The power spectral density (or noise spectrum) $S_{RR}(f)$ is then calculated.
 In ordinary metals,
 the electronic noise generally comes from the motion of atomic impurities or defects and the temperature
 dependence is dependent by the underlying mechanisms, e.g. thermal activation or eventually tunneling at low temperature.
 At high temperature $T>100K$, we have observed resistance switches insensitive to magnetic field
 during long periods, which recall the Hydrogen
 hopping noise common in several metals \cite{mikehydrogen}. The fractional change in resistance was between
 $2.10^{-5}-10^{-4}$, which is large for individual hopping and implied a collective motion.
  Note that this switching noise strongly evolved over a long period, as it was not observed one month after the first measurements,
 showing that the involved defects were mostly non-equilibrium defects left in the film after deposition.
 In addition, reproducible $1/f$ noise can be observed
 and this noise will be discussed now.

 Shown in fig.6 is typical noise spectra measured on our film.
 They are very close to $1/f$ over the whole temperature range.
The temperature dependence of this normalized noise exhibits a non monotonic variation (fig.7),
 with a plateau in the range $10K<T<20K$. The sudden decrease of the noise at $T\approx 10K$ is remarkable.
To give an order of magnitude of the noise level,
 we use the phenomenological Hooge parameter
 which is, for $1/f$ noise, $\gamma=(S_{RR}(f).f)/R^2.n_c.V$ where $n_c$ is the carriers density and $V$ the (probed) sample volume \cite{black}.
  For homogeneous and pure metals, typical values
 are in the range $\gamma\approx 10^{-2}-10^{-3}$. Taking $n_e=5.10^{22} cm^{-3}$ deduced from our Hall effect measurements,
 we found $\gamma\approx 10^{-1}$ at room temperature, which is large, but not unusually large for a metallic-like thin
 film and is consistent with a moderately higher concentration of defects in films than in bulk.
 Noise in metals can be usually explained with Duttah-Dimon-Horn (DDH) analysis, which assumes that the electronic fluctuations
 come from smeared kinetics
 of defects with a distribution of activation energies \cite{dutta}. When the defect relaxation is activated and typical energy
 is in the $eV$ range, the noise generally increases with temperature. However, there is at least one report of a noise maximum at low temperature which however follows the DDH framework.
 It has been interpreted as evidence of low energy excitations in an oxide \cite{ghosh}.
In the DDH modeling, there is a direct relation between the noise spectral exponent $\alpha$ and
 the temperature dependence of the noise in the form $\alpha(T)=1-(\partial{ln S_{RR}}/\partial{ln T}-1)/ln(2\pi f \tau_0)$,
 where $\tau_0^{-1}$ is the attempt frequency.
We have checked this relation and found that unrealistically large $\tau_0$ values are needed to approach
 the very small variation of $\alpha(T)$. In parallel, the temperature of the noise maximum/plateau does not show any frequency dependence.
 Actually, pure 1/f noise should follow $S_{RR}\propto T$ in the DDH model, as we observed at high temperature (fig.7), and a maximum is not expected.
 We conclude that the low temperature noise maximum does not come from thermally activated excitations. It can neither be explained
 by temperature fluctuations which would lead to a too weak temperature dependence of the noise.
 In disordered metals at low temperature, universal conductance fluctuations (UCF) can
 in principle take place \cite{UCF}. In the UCF model, the noise grows at low temperature due to the enhancement of the effective coupling between disorder configurations and resistance changes.
UCF can explain why $S_{RR}$ rises when the temperature decreases, but not the apparent freezing of conductivity fluctuations for $T\leq 10K$.
 Since we observe a decrease of the resistance noise when a magnetic field is applied in the $10 K-30 K$ range
 (a factor of 0.6 at B$=7T$ and at T$=15K$, see the inset of fig.7), a spin-coupling origin of this noise can be suggested.
  The blocking of magnetic fluctuations at low temperature with non Arrhenius slowing down makes think of spin glasses \cite{MB}.
 Note, however, that some spin glasses do not show a decrease but a growing of noise at low temperature due to UCF coupling \cite{CuMn}.
 To probe, directly, spins freezing with resistance noise, the sensitivity of the resistance to spins should be independent
of the temperature and the coupling should be local \cite{CuMn}.
 This appears to be the case with our sample. Note that in some intermetallic compounds, similar properties, such as a quadratic
temperature dependence
of the resistivity close to a peak in the Hall coefficient have been interpreted as a spin glass type of freezing
at low temperature \cite{spinglass,spinglass2}. A precise determination of the magnetic disorder is required
 to better understand its role in the low temperature galvanomagnetic properties of $V_2O_3$.

To conclude, we have measured a large array of transport properties in a $V_2O_3$ film in the barely metallic side.
 We found strong similarities with properties of single crystals submitted to a high pressure,
 and some new features such as a low temperature noise maximum coupled to anomalous magnetotransport properties.
 A central role of spin-configuration fluctuations, which freeze at low temperature, has been proposed. Future experiments
directly sensitive to magnetic order would be extremely complementary. Noise experiments on single crystals, if feasible,
 would be, also, very interesting to compare with our measurements in films.

 Acknowledgements: A.P. thanks W. Prellier for comments on the manuscript and C. G. thanks S. McMitchell.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
AICF-AAI Cup 2012: Korobov and Wojtaszek lead
12/23/2012 – With a no-draw-offer rule in place this super-tournament, the strongest ever in India, is providing high-quality fighting chess. In round two Parimarjan Negi beat compatriot Krishnan Sasikaran, and Radoslaw Wojtaszek outclassed Evgeny Alekseev. Round three saw Negi falter against Alekseev and the luckless Sasikiran lose to Anton Korobov. Report after round three.
The AICF-AAI Cup is taking place in New Delhi from December 21st (first round) to 30th, 2012. The games start at 02:00 p.m. local time = 03:30 a.m. (on the previous day) in New York, 08:30 a.m. London, 09:30 a.m. European time, 11:30 a.m. Moscow and 16:30 p.m. Beijing. You can find the starting time at your location here. The tournament site is providing a live broadcast of the games and live video feed. Naturally the games are also being broadcast on Playchess.com.
Round two: Negi beats Sasikiran, shares lead with Wojtaszek
Grandmaster and Asian Champion Parimarjan Negi (above left) crashed through the defenses of fellow Indian GM Krishnan Sasikiran and emerged as joint leader after the end of the second round of AICF-AAI Chess Cup at the AAI institute. The Delhi-based Negi showed top class preparation in a Ruy Lopez Breyer, complimented with excellent decisions, to score his first victory in the tournament.
Meanwhile Radoslaw Wojtaszek (above left) outclassed Evgeny Alekseev of Russia in the Capablanca Variation in the Nimzo Indian and navigated through complexities to emerge as the other winner in the day.
Anton Korobov (right) played out a draw with former World Junior Champion Abhijeet Gupta
Negi and Wojtaszek now shared the lead with 1.5 points apiece, followed by Gupta and Korobov, who both had a point in their kitty coming from two draws. In the fifth spot were Sasikiran and Alekseev on half a point each.
Video report by Vijay Kumar
Round three: Alekseev downs Negi, Korobov beats Sasikiran
Former Russian Champion Grandmaster Evgeny Alekseev defeated Asian champion Parmarjan Negi while Ukrainian Anton Korobov scored over Krishnan Sasikiran on a bad third round for the hosts in the AICF-AAI Chess Cup at the AAI Institute. Negi was caught off-guard in the opening and never quite recovered, while Sasikiran misplayed a promising position to lose to Korobov. In the other game of the day, former World Junior Champion Abhijeet Gupta played out an exciting draw with top seed Radoslav Wojtaszek of Poland.
Negi started with the Sicilian Defense with black, and it was surprising to see the extremely slow pace of the game against Alekseev. The Russian thought for a long time right from the beginning, and Negi had to do the same after he made an error while trying to work out the plan in an unknown position. Alekseev's tactics to go for a unique move-order paid off high dividends.
Negi lost a pawn early in the opening and was left to defend a difficult endgame, once the queens got traded. Both players ran in to time trouble, but White's position was obviously easier to play. Alekseev won in 55 moves showing immaculate technique.
Anton Korobov (above left) won against Sasikiran from a Queen's Indian defense game where the latter played white. Sasikiran was quite creative in the middle game as he exerted pressure from a balanced position on the kingside, and it looked as though the Indian would prevail quite quickly. Korobov was however not intimidated by White's advantage and revealed after the game that he believed he had counter-chances all along, although the position looked dangerous.
For Sasikiran the clock yet again played the pivotal role as the Indian fell way behind and at one point had 12 moves to make in just over three minutes. With the nature of the position very complicated it was not easy to find the best moves and Sasikiran lost track, allowing the invasion of the black queen. Once on top, Korobov finished in style, opening the king side at the right time. The game lasted 47 moves.
Abhijeet Gupta (above right) misplayed the Benoni Opening as White and was suffering against Radoslav Wojtaszek when suddenly a wave of tactic strokes infused life in a lost position for the Indian. Though short of time, Gupta found some remarkable tricks in this edge-of-the-seat thriller and the draw through repetition was a just result as both players missed out on capitalizing winning advantage.
Here are the games of rounds two and three in our JavaScript player:
After a highly combative third day in the tournament, which carries a prize fund of Rs. 12 lakhs (Rs. 1.2 = €16,500 or US $22,000), Korobov joined Wojtaszek in the lead on two points from three games, while Gupta, Negi and Alekseev now follow the two leaders a half point behind. Luckless Krishnan Sasikiran is now alone at the bottom of the tables with just a half point from his three games.
With seven rounds still to come in the six-player double round-robin tournament, much excitement is to be expected if the first three rounds are anything to go by. The no-draw-offer rule in place here is serving the cause to provide high-quality fighting chess, something the Indian Chess Federation and Airports Authority of India had hoped for when conceiving the idea.
Official tournament site
The games are being broadcast live on the official web site and on the chess server Playchess.com. If you are not a member you can download a free Playchess client there and get immediate access. You can also use ChessBase 12 or any of our Fritz compatible chess programs.


text:
Macedonian Truth Forum > Macedonian Truth Forum > Exposing Lies and Propaganda
Foreign Armed Bands in Macedonia
George S.
By Nick Anastasovski
THE ENTRY OF armed foreign bands into Macedonia, particularly after the suppression of the 1903 Ilinden Rebellion, was an extension of the religious struggle in its most extreme form. By itself, religious and educational propaganda failed to achieve desired outcomes. Paramilitary armed bands became a far more effective tool to mould Macedonian villages into a particular nationality through forced church adherence.
Greece, Bulgaria and Serbia each equipped and sent armed bands into Macedonia 'to forward the rival interests of these land-lustful states'. (1) The systematic campaign conducted by the neighbouring states brought a new era of misery upon the Macedonian population. In pursuit of their aims, terrible acts of violence and murder were committed, entire villages were set ablaze and destroyed.
Armed bands represented the extremes of foreign propaganda in Macedonia, and funded by the state budgets of Greece, Serbia and Bulgaria, (2) they represented the government policy of their respective states of origin. These paramilitary units aimed at forcibly transforming Macedonians into 'Greeks', 'Serbs' and 'Bulgarians', destroying the Macedonian revolutionary movement, and creating a sense of instability and insecurity in order to prepare Macedonia for its partition.
The influx of armed bands into Macedonia complicated an already difficult environment. A reign of terror fell upon Macedonia whereby law and order deteriorated to such a degree that H.N. Brailsford commented in 1905 that 'Macedonia has passed during some eighteen months through a period of anarchy without parallel in its recent annals'. (3)
Similarly, the contemporary commentator, Sir Edwin Pears, stated in 1911 that, according to the records of English and French consular reports, Macedonia was 'in a condition of anarchy which during the same period had no parallel in Europe'; (4)
There was a systematic rise in the number of murders committed by armed bands in the years preceding the 1903 rebellion. So, from 1 March 1903 to 28 February 1904, there were 350 murders, from 1 March 1904 to 28 February 1905 there were another 468 murders, and from 1 March 1905 to 14 December 1905 there were 685 more murders in Macedonia. (5) Austrian consular reports confirm that the greatest number of murders and terror inflicted upon the population was due to the activities of the Greek bands. (6)
The rise in murders did not go unnoticed by those foreign governments that maintained diplomatic missions in Macedonia. The Russian government intervened and appealed to the Greek foreign ministry to stop armed bands from entering Macedonia. Great Britain and Austria-Hungary also protested, and the appeal was made to the three interested Balkan States (Greece, Serbia and Bulgaria). (7)
Foreign-armed bands also engaged in battle against one another, particularly the Greek and Bulgarian bands. No such animosity existed between Greek and Serb bands, reflecting the political agreement between the two states. (8)
The Macedonian revolutionary movement came under fierce pressure, as it was no longer engaged in battles solely against Ottoman forces and bashibouzouks, (9) but was to become simultaneously engaged in combat with Greek, Bulgarian and Serbian bands.
Foreign bands focused upon forcing entire villages to adhere to their respective church organizations and generally avoided encounters with Ottoman troops. In fact, the Ottoman authorities tolerated foreign paramilitary bands in Macedonia, particularly Greek bands after 1903. (10)
Greek bands
PARAMILITARY BANDS FROM all the neighbouring Balkan States were guilty of inflicting violent cruelty upon the Macedonian civilian population, but it was the actions of the Greek bands that left the deepest scars.
The first armed Greek bands to enter Macedonia belonged to the 'Ethniki Hetairia' (The National Society) and crossed into Macedonia in 1896 under the leadership of Greek army officers. (11) According to the French Vice Consul in Bitola, Greek bands were operating in Macedonia 'to imitate the example of the Bulgarian revolutionaries with the intention of establishing the principles of their pretensions to Macedonia'. (12)
Largely active in the southern regions of Macedonia and supported by the Greek Consuls, the armed bands of the National Society entered Macedonia to prove that the 'Greeks too had interests in Macedonia, and not just Bulgarians'. Fearing that Hellehism was in danger of losing Macedonia to the Bulgarians, armed Greek bands terrorized Macedonian Exarchate villages to accept the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate. The National Society was active in the years up to the 1897 Greek- urkish War, but was to be discredited and dissolved later that year due to 'the plundering and rape committed by the bands'. (13)
Although Greek bands recommenced incursions into Macedonia during 1903, the year of the Ilinden Rebellion, it was in the very next year that a 'Macedonian Committee' was formed in Athens under Dimitrios Kalapothakis, publisher of the newspaper "Ethnos". The Committee recognized that the old methods of educational and religious propaganda were not sufficiently effective to advance the Greek cause in Macedonia. In support of this view were the Greek prelates in Bitola, Kostur, Seres, Nevrokop and elsewhere who 'flooded the Patriarchate at Constantinople with reports of the weak position of Hellehism in Macedonia ..! Greek consuls in Macedonian cities sent similar reports to the Government at Athens.' (14)
The role of the committee was to organize and direct the Greek struggle in Macedonia. With the financial support of the Greek government it organized the formation of armed bands known as "andartes", whose purpose was to enter Macedonia to advance the Greek cause.
The headquarters of the armed struggle in Macedonia was the Greek Consulate in Solun where a new Consul General, Lambros Koromilas, had been installed. Shortly after his arrival in Macedonia in May 1904 Koromilas compiled a report to the Greek government, 'in which he stressed the need for a well organized armed defense of Helleriism in Macedonia and for an intensive propaganda designed to promote the Greek national spirit'. (15) Greek Patriarchate bishops worked with fanatical activity and were 'largely responsible for the atrocities committed by the Greek bands, and went so far as to draw up proscription lists of Bulgarian schismatics who had to be assassinated'. (16)
From autumn 1904, Greek bands began to conduct systematic incursions into Macedonia. These bands, largely consisting of men recruited from Crete, were formed and armed in Greece and led by officers from the Greek army. The bands would threaten non- Patriarchate villages and pressure them to declare themselves as Greeks and accept Patriarchate jurisdiction.
Threatening letters were sent to villages to encourage their return to the Patriarchate fold. In one such letter from 1908 sent to the village of Arapli (Solun region), the 'Greek Macedonian Defense' states:
"You must understand that your only option for survival is for you to become Greeks... if in your village there are people who are not convinced that you are from a Greek background, then we will teach you...We will burn you and your children, even your pet cats. I will not leave one of you alive... We wait no longer." (17)
In a similar letter to the village Nihor (Ber region), dated 19 Apri11908:
"I wrote to you previously and have waited until today that you declare yourselves as Greeks. Expecting that you would do so, I have left your village unpunished. But understand well, if within ten days you do not I become Greek Orthodox, beware; as what will happen to you has not before occurred anywhere. Bayonets will enter all of you, you will all, perish along with your families. If within ten days you do not all, become Greeks, do not expect to survive... we will come one night and burn you like mice; we know each of you individually; your only escape will be to flee to Bulgaria!" (18)
Greek bands developed a notorious and feared reputation as the most brutal in the Bitola region, and especially in the Mariovo district. (19) According to Stojche Petkovski, who was born in Makovo village in 1920, and has never left, women and children were not exempt from the brutality of roaming Greek bands:
"Nikola Damianovski's mother was murdered because her family were with the Exarchate party and another young mother was murdered in the village -when her family found her, her baby was still feeding from her breast. In the neighbouring village of Rapesh three young children aged between ten to fifteen years of age were buried alive, the Greek cheti were sadistic in these parts - everyone knows stories about their murdering. Most villages in this district were with the Patriarchate out of fear." (20)
Even the church building, was not immune from attack. In Makovo the church was burnt down because it was under Exarchate domination. (21) Born in the village of Makovo in 1913, Petko Atanasovski added that Greek bands often came to the village 'to check whether Bulgarian bands had visited' and, in order to demonstrate their fearlessness, they set fire to a Turkish tower in the village. (22) In the nearby Mariovo village of Beshica during 1907-08, a total of eighteen people ranging from 17 to 65 years of age, including a 50-year-old woman Mitra Spasova, were murdered by Greek bands. (23)
The suffering experienced in the Mariovo district at the hands of Greek armed bands was expressed through traditional folk songs calling for the revered regional IMRO leader Giorgi Sugarev and his detachment to rescue the people from their terror:
Zaplakalo e Mariovo Entire Mariovo cried
Za toj mi Giorgi Sagarev: For Giorgi Sugarev:
Kade si strasheff voivodo, Where are you fearsome voivoda
Od Grci da ne kurtulish! To rescue us from the Greeks!
Another brutal example of violent terror occurred in the Lerin region. The mountainous Exarchate village of Rakovo had approximately 7-8 men kidnapped by a Greek band and taken up into the mountain where they were decapitated and their heads delivered to the village as a warning to others to renounce the Exarchate church. From that moment onwards the village adhered to the Patriarchate. (24)
There is also the story of Kochishta. Kochishta was a small village of 15-16 homes in the Bitola region, located along the hillside approach the upper villages. Kochishta was not considered an upper village, even though it was above the Pelagonia plain and was not a chiflik village. According to Stojan Vasilevski, who was born in Kukurechani but whose heritage is from Kochishta, the village church Sveti Atanas was 'neither with the Exarchate or the Patriarchate parties, there was only a Macedonian party in the village'. (25)
One particular night in 1907 a Greek band attacked the village. Two villagers (Ilo Trajkovski and Krste) secretly owned rifles and they engaged the Greek band long enough to allow the villagers to escape into the mountains. The people returned to their village the following morning to find that it had been largely destroyed by fire, however the church was left untouched. The village was deserted after this incident and the people moved into neighbouring villages. (26)
Bulgarian bands
BULGARIAN BANDS ALSO operated in Macedonia and were particularly active during the years 1904-1905. As with the Serb and Greek bands, they also sought to win over villages to the Exarchate by forceful means. There was, however, another aspect to the presence of Bulgarian bands in Macedonia, which involved 'assuming control of the organization and to subsume it to the requirements of the Bulgarian state'. (27)
The Bulgarian bands did not only single out Patriarchate villages in order to bring about an allegiance to the Exarchate, but they also attacked villages which were loyal to the IMRO, regardless whether they were under Exarchate or Patriarchate jurisdiction. They singled out lMRO members in the villages using torture and murder, and even against teachers and priests who worked with the organisation. (28)
The attempted infiltration of the IMRO by the Bulgarian state dated to the pre-Ilinden period, and intensified after the Ilinden Rebellion. Bands entering Macedonia from Bulgaria were known as Supremisists and were supported by the Bulgarian military. Often led by Bulgarian army officers and equipped with the latest standard-issue Bulgarian military rifles, (29) Bulgarian bands did not engage in indiscriminate murder of civilians as did Greek bands. (30)
Interviews conducted in the Bitola region did not reveal stories of multiple killings in a single village as perpetrated by Greek bands. Ljuba Stankovska (born in Gorno Aglarci) was aware that a Bulgarian band set fire to Patriarchist homes in Bilyanik, as her grandfather was the band's guide. (31)
Giorgi Dimovski Colev, historian and respondent, was aware that Bulgarian bands were active in the Bitola region, and knew of the cheta leader Toma Davidov operating in the area. (32)
Nikola Giorgievski from Gorno Aglarci recalled that a Bulgarian band contacted the village and instructed the Villagers, 'Do not declare yourselves as Macedonians, you are all Bulgarians'. Nikola stated that people followed the advice of the bands – 'What could they do? They feared them; and feared losing their lives.' (33)
Serbian bands
SERBIAN BANDS APPEARED in Macedonia in the beginning of 1904, under the direct control of the Serbian government and military circles. Serbian paramilitaries were sponsored by the government and 'after 1903 Serbian activity in Macedonia went beyond the educational and religious sphere into political action and the direct financial aid of guerilla bands'. (34)
The- following year, in 1905, Serbian armed action in Macedonia intensified and the systematic dispatching of bands was placed under the authority of the 'Serbian Defense Chief Committee' (Spska Odbrana Glavni Odbor) in Belgrade. A strategically placed committee was also situated in Southern Serbia at Vranje near the Macedonia border. (35)
In support of Serbian policy in Macedonia, in 1905 there were eleven bands of more than a hundred men active in Macedonian territory. Serbian bands were active along the border regions, (36) particularly in the Kumanovo and Kriva Palanka areas, where the Serb campaign was directed at Macedonian Exarchate villages.
Similar to the Greek bands, the Serbs attempted to 'encourage' villages to renounce the Exarchate. The historian Dakin claims that by April 1905 'they had persuaded twenty-four villages to petition for Patriarchistic registration'. (37) Systematically penetrating from the north towards central Macedonia, 'the principal goal was to secure by force of arms Serbian predominance in those parts of Macedonia on which she had designs and which would provide her with an outlet to the Aegean'. (38)
Serb bands established control in the northern districts of Macedonia, mainly in the villages north of Kriva Palanka, Kumanovo and Kratovo. (39) Villages were forced to adopt the Patriarchate church and the Serbian party, and during a single week in early 1905 twenty villages were forced to transfer jurisdiction and accept the Serb party. Serb bands operated under the patronage of the Serb Consul in Skopje, whilst the Ottoman authorities quietly tolerated their activities in the villages. (40)
1. E.F. Knight, "The Awakening of Turkey", London, 1909, p. 101.
2. According to the historian R. Clogg, 'initially these rivalries were played out in ecclesiastical, educational and cultural propaganda. But at the turn of the century, this war of words gave way to armed struggle between guerilla bands supported and subsidized by the governments of the respective motherlands'. R. Clogg, "A Concise History of Greece", Cambridge University Press, 1992, p, 70.
3. H.N. Brailsford, op. cit. p. 214.
4. Sir E. Pears, "Turkey and Its People", London, 1911, p. 233.
5. From a report by Richard Openheimer, Austrian Civil Agent in Macedonia, dated 31 January 1906 (Number 15), from D. Zografski, editor, "Avstriski Dokumenti" 1905-1906 [Austrian Documents 1905-1906] Vol I, Skopje, 1977! pp, 126-127; see also G. Todorovski, "Makedonskoto Prashanje i Reformite vo Makedonia" [The Macedonian Question and Reforms in Macedonia], Skopje, 1989, p.204. The Bulgarian historian, Anastasoff, provides far higher figures. He claims that in the first eleven months of 1905, there were 1,010 murders of civilian villagers (Anastasoff refers to them as 'Bulgarians'): 330 due to Albanian bands or individuals, 195 to regular Ottoman troops, 451 to Greek bands or agents, and 34 to Serbian bands or agents. Sir Edward Grey, the British Minister of Foreign Affairs, declared in the House of , Commons that from 1 January 1906 to 30 September 1906 there were 1,091 political murders in Macedonia. The information was supplied to Grey by consuls in Macedonia. The political murders were broken down into the following: 577 Christians were killed in the vilayet of Solun, 431 Christians were killed in the vilayet of Bitola, and 183 Christians were killed in the vilayet of Skopje. C. Anastasoff, "The Bulgarians", New, York, 1977, pp. 167-168.
6. Dr Raici from the Austro-Hungarian Consulate in Bitola refers to the Greek activities in Macedonia as 'Greek nationalistic terrorism'. D. Zografski, editor, op; cit. pp. 166-168.
7. G. Todorovski (1989), op. cit. p; 206.
8. D. Dakin, The Greek Struggle in Macedonia. 1897-1913, Thessaloniki, 1966, p. 312. The British Consul General in Solun, provided figures of political crimes committed in 1907. These figures testify to the relationship between the Serbs and Greeks, as there were no murders between the two groups. According to R. Poplazarov, op. cit. p. 153, clear demarcation lines were agreed upon, separating the zones of activity for Serb and Greek bands in the Bitola kaza and the Skopje sandjak.
9. "Bashibouzouks" were armed Muslim irregular fighters that typically engaged in undisciplined banditry.
10. R. Poplazarov, op. cit. p. 157.
11. The 'Ethnike Hetairia' was founded in Athens in November 1894. It was an irredentist organization with over three-quarters of its support derived from Greek army officers. It was an exclusively Greek organization whose basic aims were 'undeniably bound up with the Greek territorial claims in Macedonia'. K.A. Vakalopoulos, op. cit. p. 201. Furthermore, a 1896 British Consular report by Charles Blunt also confirms that Greek bands crossing into Macedonia were 'under the leadership of Greek army officers'. Letter by Consul General Charles Blunt dated 13 September 1896, FO 294/22.
12. K. Bitoski, "The Attitude of the Kingdom of Greece Toward Macedonia 1893-1903", Skopje, 1982, p. 147. That Greek bands entered Macedonia for the purpose of 'establishing the principles of their pretensions' is clear, as Vakalopoulos asserts, 'in some cases [the bands] reached as far into the, interior as Demir Kapija -this reflected the maximum extent of Greek territorial aspirations in Macedonia at that time', KA. Vakalopoulos, op. cit. p. 202.
13. G.M. Terry , "The Origins and Development of the Macedonian Revolutionary Movement with Particular Reference to the Tayna Makedonsko-Odrinska Revolutsionerna Organizatsiya from its Conception in 1893 to the Ilinden Uprising of 1903", Unpublished MA Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1974, p. 111.
14. E. Kofos, op. cit. p. 34. Commenting on the weak position of the Greek Patriarchate in the Bitola eparchy, the Greek Metropolitan of Bitola stated; 'we must recognize that the field upon which we stand is not as certain as we may think. From the outside today we may appear stable, however in reality our position appears as the graves that Jesus Christ commented on: on the outside they are beautifully adorned, whilst inside are full of bones and uncleanliness'. K. Bitoski, citing Greek Patriarchate documents, op. cit. p. 111. Since the Greek government took control over southern Macedonia, the town of Seres is also known as Serrai.
15. D. Dakin, op. cit. p. 118.
16. E.F. Knight, op. cit. p. 102. High ranking Greek Patriarchate clerics took a leading role in the affairs of Greek armed bands. The infamous Bishop of Kostur, Germanos Karavangelis, actually patronized the Greek armed struggle and actively assisted it. R. Clogg, op. cit. pp. 74- 75.
17. Letter dated 20 March 1908. K. Bitoski, op. cit. pp. 242-244. The Macedonian village Arapli was renamed by the Greek authorities as Sindos in the 1920s.
18. Letter by Captain Joanis Ravnalis. K. Bitoski, ibid, pp. 244-245. The new Greek name for Nihor appears to be Nihoruda, whilst Ber has been renamed Veria by the Greek authorities. Trajan Micevski of Novaci was aware that a Greek band had threatened and pressured the Exarchate village of Novacito to return to the Patriarchate fold. Trajan Micevski (born 1930 Novaci, Bitola region), interview conducted in Novaci on 22 March 2000.
19. Respondents in the Bitola region were generally aware that Greek foreign bands were most active in the region, compared to Bulgarian and Serb bands. Those interviewed were also aware of Macedonian revolutionaries actively operating in the region and the majority of those interviewed knew of at least one individual fighting in the ranks of the IMRO, either coming from their village or from a neighbouring village.
20. Stojche Petkovski (born 1920 Makovo, Bitola region), interview conducted in Makovo on 18 March 2000.
21. Stojche Petkovski interview, ibid.
22. Petko Atanasovski (born 1913 Makovo, Bitola region), interview conducted in Makovo on 14 March 2000. According to interview with Konstantin Nicha (ibid), Greek bands also entered Vlah villages to intimidate pro-Romanian villagers into remaining with the Patriarchate. In retaliation for the murder of Vlahs by Greek bands, Romania expelled a number of Greek subjects from the country. A diplomatic conflict followed which saw peaceful relations between Greece and Romania broken off in October 1905. H. N. Brailsford,op.cit.p.218.
23. During the same period in the neighbouring village of Manastir there were three murders, a 27 year-old male and a 45-year old father were murdered, together with his 23-year old son.
Bulgarian Exarchate document number 01.0491.0007.0062/0189-0190, dated 4 November 1909. Regarding Greek armed terror in Mariovo, see R. Poplazarov; op; cit. pp. 152-160.
24. Kocho Duakis (born 1934 Petoraci, Lerin region) interview conducted on 20 January 2001 in Melbourne. Following the division of Macedonia Rakovo was renamed as Krateron by the Greek authorities.
25. Stojan Vasilevski (born 1937 in Kukurechani, Bitola region), interview conducted on 4 March 2002 in Melbourne. Stojan's father Riste was born in Kochishta in 1904. Stojan recalled hearing stories about the village from his grandfather Ilo (Stojan's father's uncle).
26. Stojan Vasilevski interview, ibid. Following the devastation of Kochishta the bulk of the villagers settled into the nearby chiflik village of Kukurechani after agreeing to do so through the two village begs (the two begs were related, otherwise there were four chiflik-owning begs in the village), Each beg took half of the new village inhabitants as workers on their respective chiflik land. Of the remaining Kochishta villagers -two families resettled in Krklino village, one family in Dragozhani, one family in Sekirani and one family moved to Bitola. Stojan's family resettled in Kukurechani. Stojan Vasilevski descibed the beg that his family worked for as 'not creating any problems for us'. The beg resided in Bitola and only came to the village at harvest time, when he would stay for a few days in his kula (there were four kuli in the village, one belonging to each of the four begs). He traveled to the village with a horse-driven cart, the driver would return to Bitola. The beg also owned chiflik land in the nearby village of Trn. He had two daughters and one son (Hussein). They all returned to Turkey several months before the outbreak of the First Balkan War in 1912 after selling off the chiflik land. Although there were no pechalbari in Stojan's family (Kochishta was not a pechalbarstvo village), they did buy land from the beg, with money saved from selling sheep and goats in the Bitola marketplace (from the period when they lived in Kochishta).
A small portion of land in Kukurechani was made up of rayatsko land and belonged to a handful of families, Stojan's traditional family name (soi) was Trajkovci, however, after moving to Kukurechani, it became Kochishti after their original village.
27. M. Apostoloski, D. Zografski, A. Stojanovski and G.Todorovski, editors, op. cit. p. 181, and I. Mihailov, "Macedonia A Switzerland of the Balkans", St Louis, 1950, p. 70. In an open letter by the Regional Committee of the Seres Revolutionary region dated December 1907, outlining the policy of Bulgaria in relation to the Revolutionary Movement, Bulgaria was accused of bringing armed foreign national propaganda into Macedonia and turning it into an arena of incessant destruction. 'In order to diminish the significance of the organization and deflect it from the road of its natural development, Bulgaria uses all means to create discord among the activists of the Internal Organization, aiming in this way to turn it into an instrument… [Bulgaria] has the need of acquisition of new territories for political and economic exploitation, so it uses all kinds of methods and means to infiltrate the organization and direct it from within in conformity with its own interests', H. Andonov-Poljanski, editor (1985), op, cit. p. 539.
28. See I. Katardzhiev, "Borba do Pobeda", Vol I, Skopje, 1983, pp. 664-670.
29. Each rifle also had the Bulgarian Kingdom's coat of arms inscribed upon it. From a telegram dated 22 March 1905 from Heindrich Miller (Austrian civilian agent) in Solun to the Austrian Foreign Minister. D. Zografski, editor, op. cit p. 35.
30. The fate of the village Zagorichani in the Kostur district is well known and particularly tragic. On 25 March 1905 Zagorichani was surrounded and attacked at dawn by an armed band of 300 men under the command of Vardas. Old and young alike were massacred and the village was set ablaze. The European press reported the event and it was made public that the notorious Greek Metropolitan of Kostur, Germanos Karavangelis instigated the massacre. Karavangelis hailed the massacre as a great victory. The attack upon Zagorichani was committed with the complicity of the Ottoman authorities. Other Greek terrorist bands committed despicable atrocities in the southern and central regions of Macedonia in 19005-1906. Most were veterans from the Cretan campaign or volunteers from Athens, and worked closely with the Greek consulates and the Patriarchate church. Another notorious bandit was Pavlos Melas who was known to subject innocent civilians to horrendous acts of violence. Melas was killed in Macedonia in a rare Greek skirmish with the Ottoman Turks.
31. Luba Stankovska (born 1923 in Gorno Aglarci, Bitola Region), interview conducted on 15 March 2000 in Dedebalci.
32. Giorgi Dimovski-Colev, historian and lifelong resident of Bitola (born 1929, Bitola), interviewed on 13 March 2000 in Bitola.
33. Nikola Giorgiovski (born 1927 in Gorno Aglarci Bitola region), interview conducted on 17 March 2000 in Gorno Aglarci. Nikola Giorgievski, further added that later during the Balkan Wars when Serbian soldiers entered the village and asked the inhabitants what their nationality was, they replied 'Bulgarians' - 'However they soon were forced to declare themselves as Serbs!'
34. B. Petrovich, op. cit. p. 546.
35. S. Pribitchevich, op. cit. p. 134.
36. Encounters between the IMRO and the Serbian bands largely occurred in the northern border region between Macedonia and Serbia, particularly in the Kumanovo district during 1904. The historian, G. Todorovski (1989), op. cit., examines the conflict in the northern border regions through British diplomatic documents.
37. D. Dakin, op. cit. p. 241. Dakin claims that the Serbian bands were received so well that 'on the whole they adopted gentle methods, avoiding force, paying for their food and distributing arms that the villages could have their own defenses', (Ibid, p.142). Research conducted by the author in northern Macedonia during 1991 indicated that Serbian armed activities were of a violent nature in the Kumanovo, Kriva Palanka and Kochani Regions and Serbian brutality continued in these areas well into the twenties and thirties of the twentieth centyry. Ivan Mihailov, a Macedonian revolutionary of the late Ottoman era stated that Serbian armed bands that appeared in Macedonian villages near the Serbian frontier were made up of ordinary agents of the Serbian Ministry of War and the Interior. 'The Serbian bands had to rely exclusively upon bayonets and money in order to assure for themselves shelter within the poor border villages.' I. Mihailov, "Macedonia: A Switzerland of the Balkans", St Louis, 1950, p. 69. The British diplomat, Sir Robert Graves commenting on Serbian armed action in northern Macedonia, stated that 'no great success attended this movement'. Regarding the incorporation of the north central part of Macedonia into the Yugoslav kingdom after the Balkan Wars, Graves added that this 'was due, not to a propaganda which never had any hold on the people; but to the good fortune of the Serbs in finding themselves on the winning side at the end of the Great War'. R. Graves, "Storm Centres of the Near East: Personal Memoirs 1879-1929", London, 1933, p. 224.
38. M. Apostoloski, D. Zografski, A. Stoyanovski and G. Todorovski, editors (1979), op. cit. p. 182.
39. S. Dimevski (1989), op. cit. p.121.
40. From a Consular Report by the Austrian consul (Para) in Skopje to the Austrian Foreign Minister, dated 24 March 1905. D. Zografski, editor, op. cit. pp. 35-36. In an earlier report, to the Foreign Minister, dated 11 January 1905, similar details are provided regarding the activities of Serb bands in northern Macedonia. The report outlines that the Serbs were forcing villages into the Patriarchate; that they forced villagers to declare themselves as Serbs; that they were attempting to "Serbianise" villages; and, that the bands operated under the patronage of the Serb Consul in Skopje. Ibid, pp. 9-13.
Nick Anastasovski
Nick Anastasovski has made use of over sixty primary and more that one hundred and thirty secondary sources as well as numerous other documents to put this book together.
With 520 pages and a large format, "The Contest For Macedonian Identity 1870-1912" is a well researched and easy to read book that everyone should own. It is an excellent defensive weapon to use in the protection of the Macedonian identity.
"The Contest For Macedonian Identity 1870-1912" is the ninth Macedonian book published by Pollitecon Publications. It is available in Australia for $35 plus $10 postage.
In North America the book can be purchased from the Canadian Macedonian Historical Society's web page www.macedonianhistory.ca for $ 45 Canadian. See http://www.macedonianhistory.ca/html/books.html
The Contest For Macedonian Identity 1870-1912
POLLITECON PUBLICATIONS
PO Box 3102 Abbotsford NSW 2046
Australia Ph: (02) 9715 7608
Fx: (02) 9713 1004
Em: [email protected]
Web: www.pollitecon.com
Editor & Publisher: Victor Bivell
Front Cover: A Macedonian family from the Reka region of western Macedonia circa early 20th century.
Nick Anastasovski was born in 1965 in Bitola, Macedonia. He arrived with his family in Australia in early 1966 and grew up in the western suburbs of Melbourne. He graduated from La Trobe University with a Bachelor of Arts degree with majors in Sociology and Philosophy. He was awarded the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Victoria University in 2006 for The Contest for Macedonian Identity 1870-1912 (under the title of Contestations over Macedonian Identity 1870-1912). In recognition of Nick's academic performance, he was awarded Outstanding Final Year Research Student in the School of Social Sciences at Victoria University in 2006.
In North America this book can be purchased from the Canadian Macedonian Historical Society's web page www.macedonianhistory.ca for $ 45 Canadian. See http://www.macedonianhistory.ca/html/books.html
From email from Rstefov
Send a private message to George S.
Find More Posts by George S.
christos200
Location: Athens,Greece
in reality the bulgarians attacked the greeks Familys and trie to convert them that they were bulgarians. But the greeks in 1900 decided to enter with armed bands into macedonia to protect the greeks. Maybe the bulgarians did the same thing on your people.
Find More Posts by christos200
Location: makedonska colonia
Originally Posted by christos200
and who are "your people"??
what is our ethnicity?
Are you saying we are Bulgarian?!
You are not going to last long on this forum
We are Macedonians.
"The moral revolution - the revolution of the mind, heart and soul of an enslaved people, is our greatest task."__________________Gotse Delchev
Send a private message to julie
Find More Posts by julie
1)well, you say you are macedonians.
2) i didnt say you are bulgarians. i said that maybe bulgarian armed forces may have tried to convert you that you were bulgarians.
Soldier of Macedon
Location: Macedonian Outpost
Christos, I am really in no mood for another racist idiot. We don't just say we are Macedonians, we are the Macedonians. That is the first and last time you will be informed of this fact. I could care less what some racist from Athens wishes to re-name my people or homeland with. It is irrelevant to us. And you will be too should you decide to behave like 90% of the other Greeks that have slimed in here.
In the name of the blood and the sun, the dagger and the gun, Christ protect this soldier, a lion and a Macedonian.
Send a private message to Soldier of Macedon
Find More Posts by Soldier of Macedon
christos you have to accept us who we are not what someone says we are or we ought to be.I find someone who calls as bulgarians when were not as insulting & belittling.If you can't work out who your neighbour next to you is then clearly you are missing something on top.Your govt Greece thinks that our region is not macedonia but skopje clearly they have problemIt's like calling your country greece as athens & not what it should be called.
So i'm sick of morons who pretend that they are above everyone else & can intimidate people regarding their identity or even make jokes of their identity.If you are intelligent as you claim then you must work it out who we are macedonians.
Originally Posted by GeorgeS
One of the smartest things you've said G.
And it ain't exactly rocket science either (realising who the Macedonians are). Even a fumbling idiot would realise the obvious, if they pretend to be less than that, then they have come to the wrong place, a situation that will be appropriately addressed as it arises.
1) i didnt say you are bulgarians.
2) in my opinion the name of your country should be slavomacedonia.
3) i dont want to offend anyone and also i am not racist.
worry about the name of your country, no ones has any interest of what you or your racist brethren think we should name 'our country', it has a name idiot, its called Macedonia, look at a map over 2000 years old and you will see the same name.
I dont want to offend you but I think the 1.3 million turkish orthodox settlers in greek occupied Macedonia should be re-settled in Athens, its only fair dont you think.
Then you can ponder about re-naming your country in my opinion it should be Eastern European albo-slavo-turko-grekonia (Athens)
or EEASTG (Athens) for short
Makedonija vo Srce
Send a private message to Volk
Find More Posts by Volk
i want to say, because my grandfather was from minor asia, that the ones who came after the destruction of smyrne, in macedonia and athens werent turkish orthodox but greeks.


text:
Trifon Trifonov (, Trifon Trifonow; * 1952 in Katounitza) ist ein bulgarischer Jazzmusiker (Saxophon, Klarinette), der vor allem in der norwegischen Band Farmer's Market international bekannt geworden ist.

Leben und Wirken
Trifonov, der aus einer Musikerfamilie stammt, arbeitete bis zum 24. Lebensjahr in einer Fabrik, um dann als Zirkusmusiker zu arbeiten. Beeinflusst von den Jazzsendungen in Voice of America beschäftigte er sich als Autodidakt mit diesem Musikgenre. Zwar spielte er in Bulgarien mit Gruppen wie der Plovdiv Folk Jazz Band, verdiente aber sein Geld hauptsächlich auf Hochzeiten. Er studierte am Konservatorium in Sofia und beschäftigte sich, weil es keine wirtschaftliche Basis als Jazzmusiker für ihn gab, intensiv mit der Volksmusik des Landes. In dieser Orientierung wurde er rasch zu einem bekannten Saxophonisten und Hochzeitsmusiker in Thrakien.

Nach einstündigem Vorspiel über das Telefon bei Stian Carstensen wurde er 1995 Mitglied des Quintetts Farmers Market, mit dem er international auftritt und mehrere Alben eingespielt hat. Weiterhin hat er mit Kaizers Orchestra aufgenommen (Maestro, 2005).

Diskographische Hinweise
 Plovdiv Folk Jazz Band (Balkanton 1982, mit Emil Plachkov, Nencho Hristov, Mihail Rashev, Ivo Papazov, Venko Zahariev, Nikolai Marinov, Peter Ralchev)
 Trifon Trifonov & Stanimaka Bulgarian Wedding Music From The Last Century (Winter & Winter 2005)

Weblinks
 Porträt (Winter & Winter)
 Besprechung (Nordische Musik)

Jazz-Saxophonist
Jazz-Klarinettist
Musiker (Bulgarien)
Musiker (Norwegen)
Bulgare
Geboren 1952
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


posted by Roy Sinclair - 10 Sep 2013, 12:22 p.m.
Last week in hot, sunny and generally calm conditions, Masters oarsmen and oarswomen from many clubs throughout the length and breadth of Scotland took part in a wide variety of rowing and sculling events at this year's annual FISA World Rowing Masters Regatta held on the championship rowing course on the Lago di Varese in the north of Italy at Varese.
A total of five masters athletes from the Inverness Rowing Club took part in the variety of events offered with many challenging well for the top places in their chosen events, some narrowly missing out on gold medals.
Hazel Smith, Hazel Geddes and Susanne Standish-Hunter along with members from Llandaff Rowing Club in Wales and Belfast Boat Club in Ireland raced well in category C and D women's events for double and quadruple sculls, coxed and coxless fours and eights, achieving some fine results in those events. In the men's events for single, double and quadruple sculls, Tom Baker and Roy Sinclair with support from members of other Scots clubs in the four man event also produced determined performances but were just off the pace to achieve gold medal positions.


Robbie Brady and Kerrie Harris have become husband and wife after saying I do today.
The Ireland football star married his long time love in St Peter and Paul's Church in Crecora, Co. Limerick.
They tied the knot in front of family and friends in the gorgeous sunshine.
Guests included Robbie's teammates including John O'Shea and Shane Long.
Also there was Nadia Forde, who recently announced she was expecting, who attended with her husband, Welsh Rugby player, Dominic Day.
They celebrated their union at their reception hosted on the stunning grounds of Adare Manor.
Kerrie posted about her big day, sharing a photo on her Instagram page of herself ahead of the nuptials.
She celebrated the morning of her wedding in style, drinking champagne in bed, surrounded by giant pink balloons which spelled out the word 'bride'.
She captioned the photo: "Eeekkkk Today I marry my best friend & the better half of me! Never been more ready for this day."
The couple first started dating when they were just teenagers and have a three year old daughter named Halle.
The night before the wedding, Kerry shared a photo of Halle sound asleep, with the caption: "Sleep and snuggles with by baby b before our big day tomorrow."
The Irish Mirror's The Social Media exclusively revealed in March that Robbie and Kerrie were heading to Adare Manor to celebrate their marraige.
"It's all booked and ready to go," a source told The Social Media.
Robbie, a top goal scorer English Premier League side Burnley, will splash the cash at the €225 per person venue.
The 5* resort, which was recently renovated at a reported cost of €70 million, boasts an exclusive package which includes a 5 course gourmet meal, fine wines and champagne on tap.


text:
/ Comics
Falcon & The Winter Soldier
A Righteous Thirst for Vengeance #3 Review: A Masterclass in Comics Storytelling
By Spencer Perry - December 22, 2021 10:00 am EST
Rick Remender and André Lima Araújo's new Image Comic series has been a five star title since its first issue and the third continues its streak of perfect scores at ComicBook.com. Telling the tale of an unassuming man that finds himself drawn into the underground world of dark web assassins and wealthy exhibitionists, A Righteous Thirst for Vengeance came out of the gates swinging and hasn't stopped throwing hands as Remender and Araújo have clearly planned out every corner of this world. Where issue #3 takes its narrative remains as unexpected as ever but also pushes things into the form of what we recognize as a traditional crime story, but what it also tells us is that we can never expect where this world will go.
I want to spend much of this review praising a key aspect of André Lima Araújo's artwork that is a focal point of issue #3, the architecture. Locations and setting have been a pillar of this series since it started but the new issue explores a variety of places with the architecture of these locations being an integral piece of the visual storytelling. In the opening pages we travel to French Polynesia, nearly 5,000 miles away from the Vancouver setting of the rest of the series. These opening pages give us more context as to the types of people that we're dealing with in the entire series, namely those that are so wealthy the rules do not apply to them.
Araújo clues us into this implication by the first page, showing an extravagant island compound in the first panel that looks to be part fortress and part game of Tetris. The walls are made out of symmetrical blocks but Araújo uses this pattern to give the images depth, to draw our yes to the entirety of the image. As the scene continues we go inside and see how these debaucherous examples of wealthy people choose to party, putting women in skimpy outfits and having some sit around like furniture pieces for their own pleasure. In contrast to this is the architecture of the victim in the issue, which stands as a typical, gungy apartment. Araújo uses the square trick again though in a key fight sequence to draw our eyes to the important pieces of movement, showcasing what we're supposed to watch by framing it around the tile floor of a kitchen.
The action is another tremendous aspect of this series that we must also highlight. There is enough detail in the static imagery that when panels are dedicated to movement in its fight scenes and action beats there's a shift in the image. A background image that was clear and concise before, pointing us to the important world clues as outlined above, becomes a solid color to emphasize injury or it becomes a flurry of lines that emphasize specific movement. Araújo's work is so clear and concise that it's impossible to not be fully invested in tune with what you're reading. I'd be remiss to not shout out colorist Chris O'Halloran in this moment as well, whose choices further solidify the textures of the image while also helping to give an emotional baseline to these sequences.
A Righteous Thirst for Vengeance is a breath of fresh air because of the risks it takes but also because of how it's willing to meet the reader on its own storytelling terms. It uses the medium of comics in the best possible way, words and pictures working together in tandem, with the necessary details that the other cannot provide brought forth by its partner. Araújo's breathtaking art is not covered by needless word balloons and Remender's dialogue gives us the beats from its characters that enhance what we can see in their faces. This is a masterclass in comic book storytelling so far.
Written by Rick Remender
Art by André Lima Araújo
Colors by Chris O'Halloran
Letters by Rus Wooten
Cover by André Lima Araújo and Chris O'Halloran
New DC Movie Finally Arrives on HBO Max
Fan-Favorite Netflix Series Topples Hawkeye and Wheel of Time With New Season Debut
NBC Cancels Popular Game Show After 4 Seasons
Divisive N64 Game Now Available on Nintendo Switch
King of the Hill Revival Announced By Series Creators
McDonald's Is Bringing Back One of Its Best Desserts Ever
Xbox Game Pass Surprises Players With Stealth Release and Brand New Game
Rockstar Games Angers Red Dead Redemption 2 Fans With New Red Dead Online Update


Drive towards electronic health records, or EHS, systems.
With all these trends surface certain commonalities, such as the need for flawless usability, end-user training (for a wide spectrum of age groups), and the privacy of sensitive medical data.
Digital solutions must have flawless usability because by and large, the users are not tech-savvy. Digital health must have learnability, the ease for users to accomplish basic tasks the first time they use the solution; efficiency, the speed at which users can perform tasks when they are familiar with the solution; memorability, the ease of getting back up to speed after a period of no use; small error impact, the number of user-induced errors, their severity, and the ease of correction; and finally, user satisfaction.
Having already moved away from paper-based patient health information, the digital health industry must now work to improve the usability of electronic health record (EHR) systems. More features like collaborative medical records can improve the quality of patient care, increase clinician productivity, induce cost control, and transform the EHR system industry into an even bigger player in the healthcare field.
The exponential growth of smartphones in the last decade or so has and continues to transform our day-to-day activities in every aspect. In the healthcare field, mobile applications can play a crucial role in providing mobile medical advice, appointment reminders, prescription information and ordering, and other healthcare activities that can be done without a visit to a doctor's office or hospital. Since such mobile applications would be used in conjunction with sensitive medical information, privacy and security should be a central aspect in the development of such an application. Beyond privacy, usability, both on the side of the clinician and on the side of the patient, must allow for both parties to use the application with ease. If these requirements are met, mobile applications can completely alter the field of healthcare from a largely hospital-based industry to a mobile, user-friendly, and convenient way to receive good healthcare.
Digital healthcare is emerging into a big player and transforming the way the healthcare industry operates. With a patient-centered state of mind, a drive towards Electronic Health Record systems, and the development of mobile health applications, digital health will transform the healthcare system from its antiquated strategies and systems to a user-friendly, secure, and convenient arrangement that will achieve its over-arching goal of improving the quality healthcare.
You can learn more about the important role UX takes in shaping digital healthcare by downloading our White Paper. Claim your copy by filling in the form below.


text:
ESPN participated in says 2012 army
| Miami Dolphins Cheap Jerseys
| Posted in
DeBrincat now has two goals and four points through five games to begin the season, and both markers have come with the man advantage.COLLEGE Three-year starter and three-time All-Pac 12 honoree at Washington…Entered NFL following junior season…Played in 40 games with 38 starts…Produced 233 tackles, 15 tackles for loss, 3 sacks, three forced fumbles, five fumble recoveries, five interceptions and 16 passes defensed…Earned the Paul Hornung Award in 2014, given to the nation's most versatile player…First-team All-Pac 12 selection at both linebacker and all-purpose special teams…Made 10 starts at linebacker and three at running back…Scored six touchdowns �?four on defense and two on offense…Became the first player in school history to have two defensive touchdowns in the same game when he scored on a 36-yard interception return and 52-yard fumble return versus Illinois.Over 600 million plastic bottles were recycled in 2016.But no one wants to get to that stage, said the megastar.Perhaps Penny wasn't fully healthy yet, but Carson appears to remain the clear-cut No.After three weeks of varied and action-packed racing, there is no doubt that the best man won the Tour de France.
Second, during the negotiations that produced the 2017 CBA, the Players Association was led by players like Chris Paul and LeBron James who could be affected by the shift, creating a greater sense of urgency to change the rule.The skinny: 53; lost in FinalsLeBron James' return to Cleveland was quite an up and down season for the Cavs.Esteban is a couple of years further along in his career than Adam and I, but he is a similar rider to us and seeing him win two stages, lead the race and finish fifth overall has definitely shown me what can be achieved.Talking about her India visit, Katy told Hindustan Times in an interview, It's been seven years since I came to India; so, I'm definitely going to bring new songs, and new set design elements.Hamilton : Posted a season-high 15 points, doing so by making all five field goals…Punted five times for 241 yards with a 37 net average.To search for players who were born on a certain date, for example all players born on December 25, choose the month, day and year with the drop down boxes and then choose the 'Full Date Search' option.
Rani Mukerji returns to the celluloid as police officer Shivani Shivaji Roy in Yash Raj Films' Mardaani 2.In 17 games played during the month of January, Carter Williams averaged 16 points, 5 rebounds and 5 assists.I'm really not going to buy into the slogans and all that this year.When the chips were on the line in Game 7, their three best players made the plays of their career: LeBron with The Block, Kyrie with The Shot and Kevin Love with The Stop.Louisiana is one of the few states that has a comprehensive plan to deal with a growing hurricane threat, said EDF's Snider.
And as the Baby Shark theme played once more, team owner Lerner told the team's veterans, From now on, you can call me `Grandpa Shark.' President Donald Trump has invited the Nationals to the White House on Monday, though relief pitcher Sean Doolittle doesn't plan to attend.We believe in fully disclosing the methods to which we collect and use your personal information.For going to Ireland, the couple should have a transit visa which is valid for a very short period.Kelly was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1969 and was also one of the first players to be named to the NHL's '100 Greatest Players' in league history at the 2017 NHL Centennial Classic.A narrow strip of West Michigan is reporting double digits of snow accumulation.The city said it expected a tidal peak of 160 centimeters by 10 am on November 13.
That 24 verdict on Nov.I'm really happy because I had the chance to just walk into a place that's really trying to shift their culture and the mentality of the organization.For the much-debated decision to shut down Stephen Strasburg all those years ago, a move meant to protect the surgically repaired right elbow that just made Strasburg a World Series MVP and the first pitcher to end a postseason with a 5 record.Then, a German actor tweeted that makers of Kangana Ranaut's 'Manikarnika' have not cleared his dues, he later deleted the post.Louis in their tournament opener and the winner of this afternoon's game would take a big lead in the division standings and the hopes to play in the championship on Tuesday.
He got into a bar fight in his native North Carolina, suffered a shoulder injury and was never the same.According to hoop-math, Monk has hit 50% of his two-point jumpers, with less than a quarter of them assisted.With 13 seconds left in the frame, the Wheat Kings broke Donovan Buskey's shutout bid.
They were pushed to the limit by the New York Rangers, but despite some late adversity, hung in there and punched their ticket with a 3 shootout win at Madison Square Garden.Thornton struck out six, ending the game with a 5 ERA and 1 WHIP on the season.The last two years in Foxboro weren't so pretty, but 2004 was a Picasso.
in Valdosta, Ga., where he was a firstteam Class AAAAA selection by the Georgia Sports Writers Association…It wasn't about making an impact back then as much as was about making the team.Upon enrolling in your next hockey program beyond the current playing season, standard fees will apply.
Little did he know his signature moments were ahead.
Inactive with a hamstring injury in Weeks 9…The Devils responded late with a goal of their own from Blake Coleman.Green Bay : Opened at LT in his second-straight NFC Championship…Paved the way for Marshawn Lynch to run for 157 yards and a TD on 25 attempts �?vs.


Names of sounds are a base for forming new words. Among the derivatives created from names of sounds there are names of sources of sound, names of carriers of features connected with sounds, names of places and metaphorical expressions. These derivatives have three types of word-formation motivation: associative motivation attributing inessential, but perceptible features (typical for names of animals), proper motivation depicting sound as an essential semantic element of a referent (frequent in names of objects and appliances) and metaphorical motivation presenting a resemblance to persons or objects with regard to connection with sounds (characteristic for names of people and names of speech). Some typical roots denoting sounds have been used for the formation of new sounds, such as like klep- (tap-) depicting sounds of hits during handiwork, szczek- (bark-) which describes dog sounds, pisk- (squeal-) which names treble and long sounds and also głuch- (deaf-) applying to a lack of sound.


text:
Q: $\mathbb{Z}$-extensions of $\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$ The $\mathbb{Z}$-extensions of $\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$
$$
0\longrightarrow \mathbb{Z}\longrightarrow E\longrightarrow \mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}\longrightarrow0
$$
are classifiied by $\operatorname{Ext}_{\mathbb{Z}}^1(\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}, \mathbb{Z})$. But one can compute $\operatorname{Ext}_{\mathbb{Z}}^1(\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}, \mathbb{Z})=\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$. Hence there are $n$ such extensions. But is there any way to explicitly write down those extensions?

A: Yes. May be a general remark: the group $\mathrm{Ext}^1$ classifies the short exact sequences, which is more structure than remembering $E$ or even $E$ with the $2$-term filtration. In any case, $0\rightarrow \mathbb Z \xrightarrow{\cdot n} \mathbb Z \rightarrow \mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z \rightarrow 0$ is a generator of $\mathrm{Ext}^1_{\mathbb Z}(\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z,\mathbb Z)$, let's call it $\alpha$. Then $k\cdot\alpha\in\mathrm{Ext}^1_{\mathbb Z}(\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z,\mathbb Z)$ is obtained as pull-back of $\alpha$ via the multiplication by $k$: $\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z \xrightarrow{\cdot k} \mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z$. The fiber product $\mathbb Z\times_{\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z,\cdot k} \mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z$ is computed as $\mathbb Z$ plus the kernel of $\ker(\cdot k)=\frac{n}{(n,k)}\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z $ and the extension we get looks as follows:
$$
0\rightarrow \mathbb Z \xrightarrow{} \mathbb Z\oplus\frac{n}{(n,k)}\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z \rightarrow \mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z \rightarrow 0
$$
(where the map $\mathbb Z\oplus\frac{n}{(n,k)}\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z \rightarrow \mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z$ is identified with the projection $\mathbb Z\times_{\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z,\cdot k} \mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z\twoheadrightarrow \mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z$). For example if $k\in (\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z)^\times$ we get the usual sequence $0\rightarrow \mathbb Z \xrightarrow{} \mathbb Z \rightarrow \mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z \rightarrow 0$ but where the second map sends $1$ to $k$ instead of $1$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange