text:
The Art of Andy Goldsworthy: Complete Works
The Art of Andy Goldsworthy: Complete Works (Hardback)
Andy Goldsworthy: Touching Nature: Special Edition
Andy Goldsworthy: Pocket Guide
Richard Long: The Art of Walking
The Art of Richard Long: Complete Works
The Art of Richard Long: Complete Works (Paperback)
Land Art In the UK
Installation Art in Close-Up
Land Art in Close-Up
Richard Long in Close-Up
Andy Goldsworthy in Close-Up: Special Edition
Andy Goldsworthy in Close-Up
The Erotic Object in Close-Up
The Erotic Object: Sexuality in Sculpture From Prehistory to the Present Day
Constantin Brancusi: Sculpting the Essence of Things
Alison Wilding: The Embrace of Sculpture
Eric Gill: Nuptials of God
Wild Zones: Pornography, Art and Feminism
The Art of Andy Goldsworthy:
Complete Works: Special Edition
A new, special edition of the study of the contemporary British sculptor, Andy Goldsworthy, including a new introduction, new bibliography and many new illustrations.
This is the most comprehensive, up-to-date, well-researched and in-depth account of Goldsworthy's art available anywhere.
A new and up-to-date appraisal of the contemporary British sculptor, Andy Goldsworthy, who makes 'land' or 'earth' art. His sculpture is a sensitive, intuitive response to nature, light, time, growth, the seasons and the earth. Goldsworthy's environmental art is becoming ever more popular: 1993's art book Stone was a bestseller; the press raved about Goldsworthy taking over a number of London West End art galleries in 1994; during 1995 Goldsworthy designed a set of Royal Mail stamps and had a show at the British Museum. Malpas surveys all of Goldsworthy's art, and analyzes his relation with other earth/ land artists such as Robert Smithson, Walter de Maria, Richard Long and David Nash, and his place in the contemporary British art scene.
Andy Goldsworthy is a particularly gentle and sensitive artist: he stitches together leaves to forms lines, often placed in water, or makes circular slabs of snow, or entwines twigs in an arc. He creates a delicate spiral of chestnut leaves, called Autumn Horn; he pins bright yellow dandelions on willowherb stalks in a circle, on bluebells; he makes lines and cairns, like Richard Long, of pebbles; he makes hollow, circular structures, like igloos, from slate, leaves, driftwood and bracken; he makes long wavy ridges in Arizonan desert sand; he makes arches, globes, hollow spheres, slabs, spires, spirals and star-shapes out of snow and ice. Very impressive it all is. The sculptures made of sticks, for instance, stuck together in an arch, or a line, reflected in the mirror-like water of Derwent Water in Cumbria, are indeed wonderful. The sculptures exude tranquillity, an early morning calm. Or the globe made from oak leaves in various states of autumnal decay, superb stuff. Or the globe made out of snow, and perched amidst some young trees, or the slabs of snow, set up in a line with slits cut in them.
Malpas surveys all of Goldsworthy's art, and analyzes his relation with other land artists such as Robert Smithson, Walter de Maria, Richard Long and David Nash, and his place in the contemporary British art scene.
The Art of Andy Goldsworthy discusses all of Goldsworthy's important and recent exhibitions and books, including the Sheepfolds project; the Channel Four documentaries; Passage (2004); the Holocaust memorial in New York (2003); and Goldsworthy's collaboration on a dance performance.
Sculptors Series. 70 b/w, 1 colour illustrations. 375 pages.
New, special, 2nd edition. ISBN 1-86171-059-3 £25.00 / $50.00
In the United States from:
Baker & Taylor, 251, Mt Olive Church Road, Commerce, GA, 30599.
Tel: (800) 7753760 or (800) 7751100 or (908) 5417062.
E-mail: electser@btol.com or btinfo@btol.com.
www.btol.com.
A new TV documentary on Andy Goldsworthy is available from Crescent Moon and Ocean Magic Entertainment. More info
Complete Works: Special Edition (Hardback)
The hardback edition updates the paperback, and includes the latest information on Goldsworthy. It has been rewritten throughout.
The Art of Andy Goldsworthy discusses all of Goldsworthy's important and recent exhibitions and books, including the Sheepfolds project; the Channel Four documentaries; Time and Passage; the New York Holocaust memorial (2003); and Goldsworthy's collaboration on a dance performance.
New, special, 3rd edition. Hardback. ISBN 1-86171-080-1. £50.00 / $100.00
Touching Nature: Special Edition
Andy Goldsworthy makes 'land' or 'earth' art out of, among other materials, stacks of rocks, or stalks tied together, or mud thrown into rivers or poppy petals wrapped around boulders. His art is a sensitive, intuitive response to nature, light, time, growth, the seasons and the earth.
Malpas surveys all of Goldsworthy's art, and discusses his relation with other earth/ land artists such as Robert Smithson, Walter de Maria, Richard Long and David Nash.
A new and revised edition of our best-selling book on Andy Goldsworthy. A completely rewritten exploration of the sculptor, updated to include recent works such as Night Path (2002) and Chalk Stones (2003) in Sussex, Three Cairns (2002) on the East and West coasts, Stone Houses (2004) and Garden of Stones (2003) in Gotham, Passage (2005) in London, and Slate Domes (2005) in Washington, DC.
Sculptors Series 65 b/w, 2 colour illustrations. Bibliography, notes. 295pp.
New, revised edition ISBN 1-86171-056-9 £25.00 / $50.00
Touching Nature: Special Edition (Hardback)
A hardback edition of our best-selling book.
Andy Goldsworthy makes land art. His sculpture is a sensitive, intuitive response to nature, light, time, growth, the seasons and the earth. Goldsworthy's environmental art is becoming ever more popular: 1993's art book Stone was a bestseller; the press raved about Goldsworthy taking over a number of London West End art galleries in 1994; during 1995 Goldsworthy designed a set of Royal Mail stamps and had a show at the British Museum.
New, revised edition ISBN 1-86171-087-9 £50.00 / $100.00
Andy Goldsworthy:
A new, pocket-size book on Andy Goldsworthy providing an excellent introduction to his art.
Andy Goldsworthy makes land art. His sculpture is a sensitive, intuitive response to nature, light, time, growth, the seasons and the earth.
Sculptors Series. 40 b/w, 1 colour illustrations. 278 pages. (Pocket size: 160 x 115mm).
First edition. Paperback. ISBN 9781861711847 £15.00 / $30.00
The Art of Richard Long:
A new study of the British artist Richard Long, an important contemporary international artist.
Richard Long walks. This is the central fact of his art. His work is founded on the art of walking, and on walking as art. His walks become 'artwalks', artwalks which become artworks. For Richard Long, (art)walking is (art)working. As he walks he works. He makes art-walk-works. Art-walking and artworking become interchangeable. Born in 1945, the same year as David Nash, Richard Long studied at the West of England College of Art (Bristol) and St Martin's (1966-68). In 1967 Long made his first important walk-work, A Line Made By Walking. Like most land artists, Long makes indoor (gallery) works and outdoor works (not intended for public consumption). He also produces art books, which are not typical exhibition catalogues, but artworks in their own right, usually with text works, photo works, and sometimes map works. Long's has had one-man shows at most of the major Western galleries, including the Whitechapel (1971), MOMA, New York (1972), Venice Biennale (1976), Arnolfini (1983), Fogg Art Museum (1980), Stedelijk, Amsterdam (1973), Guggenheim, New York (1986), Hayward Gallery, London (1991), and many one-man shows at Anthony d'Offay Gallery in London, which have produced art books (Mountains and Waters, 1992, Sixteen Works, 1984, Five, Six, Pick Up Sticks, 1980, Old World New World, 1988, Kicking Stones, 1990, River Avon Book, 1979).
Richard Long is perhaps Britain's most successful 'nature' or 'land' artist and sculptor, with an international reputation. In 1987 he won the Turner Prize. Critics either love him or (like Peter Fuller) hate him. There is a sea of articles and magazines pieces on Richard Long, but this is one of the few full-length studies of his art.
First edition. Hardback. ISBN 1-86171-079-8 £50.00 / $100.00
Complete Works: Special Edition (Paperback)
First edition. Paperback. ISBN 1-86171-081-X £25.00 / $50.00 NEW
The Art of Walking
William Malpas has taught art at Goldsmiths' College and the University of Toronto. His books with Crescent Moon include Andy Goldsworthy (1995) and Land Art (1997). He lives in Gloucester.
Sculptors Series Illustrations, bibliography, notes New, revised edition 165pp ISBN 1-86171-048-8 £15.99 / $25.00
A new TV documentary on land art is available from Crescent Moon and Ocean Magic Entertainment. More info
Land Art In the U.K.
A Complete Guide To Landscape, Environmental, Earthworks, Nature, Sculpture and Installation Art In the United Kingdom
A new book on land art in Great Britain
Chapters on land artists such as Chris Drury, Hamish Fulton, David Nash, Richard Long and Andy Goldsworthy. All of the major practitioners of land and environmental art in the U.K. are discussed.
Sculptors Series. 95 b/w, 21 colour illustrations. 386 pages. First edition.
HARDBACK ISBN 1-86171-095-X £50.00 / $100.00
A new TV documentary on Richard Long is available from Crescent Moon and Ocean Magic Entertainment. More info
ART IN CLOSE-UP
A huge array of contemporary artists are studied and illustrated in this new book on installation and environmental art, including: Andy Goldsworthy, Mark Rothko, Barnett Newman, David Nash, Richard Long, Hamish Fulton, Hans Haacke, Wolfgang Laib, Joseph Beuys, Ad Reinhardt, Louise Nevelson, Tony Cragg, Cornelia Parker, Rebecca Horn, Constantin Brancusi, James Turrell, Donald Judd, Christo, Robert Morris, Lawrence Weiner, Robert Irwin, Jannis Kounellis, Donna Dennis, Ian Hamilton Finlay, Alan Sonfist, Alice Aycock, Mary Miss, Nancy Holt, Walter de Maria, Dennis Oppenheim, Jackie Winsor, Richard Serra, Carl Andre, Frank Stella, Robert Ryman, Robert Smithson, Dan Flavin, Eva Hesse, Sol LeWitt, and Barbara Kruger.
A book of rows of steel cubes, lightning fields, galleries of soil and horses, leaf sculptures, entropy, earthworks, floor-to-ceiling slogans, snow circles, floor spreads, mapworks, walks, reshaped volcanoes, birds in space, fluorescent lamps, TV monitors, mirrors, interior lakes, wrapped buildings, spiral jetties, underground labyrinths, stellar observatories, steam pieces, gardens, embankments, holes, concrete poetry, slate stacks, artificial rivers, and stoves.
Art in Close-Up Series Bibliography, notes, illustrations 320p
HDBK ISBN 1-86171-1077 £60.00 / $120.00
You can obtain our books from Play.comTesco.comWaterstones.co.ukAmazon.com and other sites
For the land artist, the whole planet is an artist's studio. The land artist ranges over the whole globe. A desert, a beach, a field, a forest becomes a studio, a place of creative activity. This means the very texture and colour and shape and dampness and springiness and strength and size of moss, for instance. Or a stone. Or a crevice in a rock formation. The way the light falls on a patch of grass, the little bits of dead, yellowish grass on top of the newer, green grass. Pine cones, closed-up. Flowers turning sunward in the late afternoon. These are the things land artists deal with in making art. These are the actualities that artists employ when they create artworks.
This new book contains all of the major land, environmental and earthwork artists of the past 40 years, including James Turrell and his vast volcano site, Hans Haacke's Conceptual art, Michael Heizer's Mid-West earthworks, Robert Smithson and his giant spiral, entropic earthworks, Christo's wrapped buildings and islands, Robert Morris's environments, Walter de Maria's Romantic Lightning Field, David Nash's stoves, stones, trees and North Wales environments, Hamish Fulton's walks and words, Dennis Oppenheim's concentric snow circles, Richard Long and his art of walking, Andy Goldsworthy's natural, spontaneous, eco-friendly sculptures, Alice Aycock's mysterious underground mazes, Mary Miss's sunken pools and pavilions, Wolfgang Laib's delicate, luminous pollen spreads, Nancy Holt and her observation sculptures and the enigmatic floor sculptures of Carl Andre. Here are towers, stars, stones, pools, tunnels, pipes,maps, chasms, ladders, mounds, scars, mirrors, cones, furrows, mazes, circles, hills and gardens.
Art in Close-Up Series Bibliography, notes, illustrations (colour & 161 b/w) 268pp
New, special, 2nd edition.
Richard Long walks. This is the central fact of his art. His work is founded on the art of walking, and on walking as art. His walks become 'artwalks', artwalks which become artworks. For Richard Long, (art)walking is (art)working. As he walks he works. He makes art-walk-works. Art-walking and artworking become interchangeable. Born in 1945, the same year as David Nash, Richard Long studied at the West of England College of Art (Bristol) and St Martin's (1966-68). In 1967 Long made his first important walk-work, A Line Made By Walking. Like most land artists, Long makes indoor (gallery) works and outdoor works (not intended for public consumption). He also produces art books, which are not typical exhibition catalogues, but artworks in their own right, usually with text works, photo works, and sometimes map works. Long's has had one-man shows at most of the major Western galleries, including the Whitechapel (1971), MOMA, New York (1972), Venice Biennale (1976), Arnolfini (1983), Fogg Art Museum (1980), Stedelijk, Amsterdam (1973), Guggenheim, New York (1986), Hayward Gallery, London (1991), and many one-man shows at Anthony d'Offay Gallery in London, which have produced art books (Mountains and Waters, 1992, Sixteen Works, 1984, Five, Six, Pick Up Sticks, 1980, Old World New World, 1988, Kicking Stones, 1990, and River Avon Book, 1979).
Sculptors Series Bibliography, notes, illustrations 110pp ISBN 1-86171-051-8 £19.99 / $32.50
Andy Goldsworthy in Close-Up: Special Edition (Hardback)
Andy Goldsworthy born in Cheshire in 1956. He studied at Harrogate High School, Bradford College of Art (the archetypal British art school ethics of liberalism, experimentation, art history discussions and the embrace of avant garde art prevailed here) and Preston Polytechnic, where he studied on the BA Fine Art course, graduating in 1978. Goldsworthy has lived mainly in the North of the UK: Bentham and Illkley (Yorkshire), Brough (Cumbria) and Penpont (Dumfriesshire). Many of Goldsworthy's site-specific works and commissions have been in the North: the giant maze and Lambton Earthwork (at County Durham, 1988-9), the Grizedale Forest site works (1984 onwards), residencies at Yorkshire Sculpture Park (1987), the Lake District National Park (1988), and so on. Goldsworthy has worked at the Venice Biennale, Grise Fiord and the North Pole, in Japan, Castres and Sidobre in France, and in Haarlem, Holland. He has had one-man shows in France, Japan, Holland and the UK, and participated in groups shows in Italy, Germany, and the USA. A major retrospective, Hand to Earth: Andy Goldsworthy: Sculpture: 1976-1990, was held at the Henry Moore Centre for the Study of Sculpture, Leeds City Art Gallery: the show also travelled to the Royal Botanic Gardens in Edinburgh, Stedelijke Musea, Gouda and Centre Regional d'Art Contemporain Midi-Pyrenees in Toulouse. Goldsworthy's work has appeared on TV (in, as expected, Channel Four documentaries, The Late Show, an Arts Council film (Two Autumns), and regional news programmes, as well as a couple of Japanese broadcasts), also the ubiquitous appearances on Radio 4's dull arts show Kaleidoscope and Radio 3's arts interview slot, Third Ear. A half-hour BBC TV programme on Goldsworthy's Sheepfolds project was aired in 1997; there was also a Sheepfolds exhibition at Michael Hue-Williams Gallery in London. In the 1990s, Goldsworthy's art began to rise in popularity: the glossy coffee table book Stone became a bestseller. In 1994 Goldsworthy took over some West End galleries with a large one-man show. In 1995 he took part in an intriguing group show at the British Museum, creating sculptures, along with Richard Deacon, Peter Randall-Page and others, in amongst the monumental statuary of the famous Egyptian Hall. Also in 1995, Goldsworthy designed a set of Royal Mail stamps. Goldsworthy continues to work in countries such as Japan, Australia, Canada and North America, France, but his home ground of Dumfriesshire in Scotland remains (at) the heart of his work.
Art in Close-Up Series Bibliography, notes, illustrations (colour & b/w) 246pp
New, special, 3rd edition. Hardback ISBN 1-86171-094-1 £50.00 / $100.00
Andy Goldsworthy in Close-Up: Special Edition (Paperback)
A paperback edition, updated from the hardback.
New, special, 2nd edition. Hardback ISBN 1-86171-091-7 £25.00 / $50.00
Sexuality in Sculpture From Prehistory to the Present Day
by Susan Quinnell
Sculptureís sensual impact is explored in this new critical study, which ranges over the history of sculpture from prehistoric times to contemporary art. Space, place, form, colour, light, texture, scale, and the materials of sculpture.
Featuring analyzes of many key artists in the world of sculpture: Michelangelo, Bernini, Arp, Gaudier-Brzeska, Canova, Rodin, Brancusi, Picasso, Duchamp, Cornell, Rauschenberg, Calder, Giacometti, Degas, Newman, Hesse, Judd, Morris, Smithson, Stella, Hepworth, Smith, Elwes, Finley, Schneemann, Aycock, Miss, Horn, Graves, Kollwitz and Chicago.
The Erotic Object
Sexuality in Sculpture From Prehistory to the Present: Special Edition
The power of sculpture, form, volume and space is sensitively explored in this wide-ranging study. Featuring discussions of many famous sculptors: Michelangelo, Canova, Rodin, Brancusi, Picasso, Hepworth and Bernini. Many contemporary artists are discussed, including installation and performance artists (Catherine Elwes, Karen Finley, Carolee Schneemann), and women sculptors such as Alice Aycock, Mary Miss, Rebecca Horn, Nancy Graves, Eva Hesse, Kathe Kollwitz and Judy Chicago.
A new special edition, with many new ilustrations, including colour, a new introduction and bibliography.
PBK ISBN 1-86171-172-7 £20 / $50.00
Andy Goldsworthy Art Art in Close-Up Series SculpturePaintersAmerican Painters Renaissance PaintersRenaissance Writers J.R.R. TolkienHarry Potter and J.K. Rowling Media, Cinema, Culture, Feminism Feminism and Gender Studies LiteraturePoetry Contemporary Poetry Novelists19th Century and Romantic Culture European Writers British PoetsShakespeare Studies Arthur Rimbaud StudiesD.H. Lawrence StudiesJohn Cowper Powys StudiesThomas Hardy StudiesJournals Alchemy Records Index of Titles, ISBNs, Dates and Prices New Titles and Forthcoming Books
Painters Series colour and b/w illustrations. 262 pages.
Baker & Taylor, 251, Mt Olive CHurch Road, Commerce, GA, 30599. .
Sculpting the Essence of Things
Constantin Brancusi is one of the greatest of all sculptors, and a key sculptor of the modern era, with Rodin and Picasso. His influence can be seen in a wide range of Western sculptors, including Donald Judd, Carl Andre, Henry Moore, Jean Arp, Barbara Hepworth, Minimalists and 'land' artists. This new book studies the religious and mythical dimensions of Brancusi's distinctive 'eggs', 'fishes', 'heads' and 'columns'. His central quest was for the 'essence of things', which resulted in purifying a form until the essence was left.
Sculptors Series Illustrations, bibliography, notes, new, revised edition 75pp ISBN 1-86171-023-2 £7.99 / $12.50
Alison Wilding
The Embrace of Sculpture
Alison Wilding (born 1948) is one the most powerful and erotic of contemporary British sculptors. Her sculptures are mysterious and sensual, made from materials that are traditional (wood, beeswax, copper, stone), modern (steel, plastic, rubber) and dangerous (hemlock, lead) or unusual (silk, even meteorites). Wilding's art deals lyrically with notions of volume, form, space, nurturing, the 'feminine', and symbiotic relationships. This is the only full-length study of Wilding's art available.
Sculptors Series 110pp, illustrations ISBN 1-871846-53-6 £7.99 / $12.50
Eric Gill
Nuptials of God
by Anthony Hoyland
A new study of the provocative British artist. Gill fused eroticism and mysticism in clear, direct and fluid graphic lines, which upset parts of the establishment (a couple are shown in one print making love while being blessed by the hand of God; in another, a nude Mary Magdalene embraces Christ on the Cross). Hoyland explores the relationship between the spiritual and the sensual in Gill's many prints and drawings, including the Song of Songs woodcuts.
Illustrations, bibliography, notes 67pp, new, revised edition ISBN 1-86171-019-4 £7.99 / $12.50
On Eric Gill, D.H. Lawrence and Lady Chatterley's Lover, click here
Wild Zones
Pornography, Art and Feminism
A perceptive and ironic exploration of the controversial debate surrounding pornography and feminism, and how it relates to art and literature. Ives discusses the key points of the many-sided discourses of censorship, the politics of representation, violence, sexuality, æsthetics and law. She discusses pornography in film, TV, painting, theatre and literature as well as in magazines. Other topics include the new 'women's pornography'; lesbian porn; and S/M, gay and queer practices. An important contribution to feminist criticism.
Bibliography, notes, illustrations 142pp ISBN 1-871846-42-0 £14.99 / $23.50
The Art of Andy Goldsworthy
Andy Goldsworthy: Touching Nature: Special Edition (Hardback)
Andy Goldsworthy: Touching Nature
The Art of Richard Long: Complete Works (Hardback)


text:
Yoenis Cespedes Wins Silver Slugger Award
Earlier today, Major League Baseball announced that Mets star Yoenis Cespedes was one of three National League outfielders to be awarded the Silver Slugger award. It is Cespedes' first Silver Slugger, and the Mets first recipient since David Wright back in 2008.
Cespedes was clearly one of the best hitters in the NL last season, hitting .280/.354/.530 with 34 home runs. Cespedes also brought an attitude and swagger to the Mets which they haven't had in a very long time, if ever.
Of course, Yoenis is a free agent this winter, and I believe the Mets should do everything in their power to keep him around. The resurgence of the Mets began with Matt Harvey's debut, but it was accelerated by the arrival of Yoenis Cespedes.
Hopefully, the Mets can lock the 31 year old up for the long term.
Related TopicsMLB AwardsSilver SluggerYoenis Cespedes
More in New York Mets
Last Call: 3B David Wright to Call it a Career After 1 Final Game
It was a bittersweet day for both the New York Mets organization as well...
New York Mets Create New Version of Rock Bottom
If there is one thing the New York Mets will be remembered for in...
NY Mets Closing In On NL East Basement As All-Star Break Nears
Remember when the New York Mets started out 11-1 to begin the 2018 season?...
Sandy Alderson Takes Leave From NY Mets To Battle Cancer Recurrence
Let's put baseball to the side for a second, because yesterday was just another...
Mets Update On Noah Syndergaard's Bone Spur
Mets Trade Rumors: Three Outfielders Drawing The Most Interest

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Laureato in Scienze Economiche e Bancarie a Siena, è stato rettore dell'Università degli Studi di Siena dal 2010 al 2016, presso cui è attualmente docente di economia.

Biografia
Dopo la laurea a Siena, Riccaboni ottiene il dottorato di ricerca in economia aziendale all'Università di Pisa.

Durante la sua carriera accademica è stato visiting scholar presso Harvard Business School, New York University, University College of North Wales at Bangor, Columbia University, INSEAD, London School of Economics, University of Southern California, DePaul University Chicago.

È stato Lecturer presso la University College of North Wales tra il 1989 ed il 1990 e docente presso l'International Master in Business Administration di HEC Parigi nel 2005.

Dopo essere stato preside di facoltà, Angelo Riccaboni ha ricoperto il ruolo di Rettore dell'Università degli Studi di Siena dal 2010 al 2016, occupandosi del risanamento dell'ente. Dopo il termine del suo mandato viene eletto il professor Frati già prorettore durante il mandato di Riccaboni.

Dal 2016 presiede l'Assemblea delle Università internazionali del Sustainable Development Solutions Network, iniziativa promossa dalle Nazioni Unite.

Dal 2017 è presidente della fondazione PRIMA, incaricata di attuare un programma di ricerca e innovazione euro-mediterraneo in materia di sistemi agroalimentari, con un budget di 500 milioni di euro fornito dalla commissione europea e da 19 paesi.

Note

Voci correlate
Università degli Studi di Siena
Siena

Altri progetti

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home / Books / Origins of Molecular Biology
Origins of Molecular Biology: A Tribute to Jacques Monod, Revised Edition
Editor: Agnes Ullmann1
Affiliations: 1: Institut Pasteur, Paris
Format: Hardcover, Electronic
Category: History of Science
Ebook: Choose a downloadable PDF or ePub file. Chapter is a downloadable PDF file. File must be downloaded within 48 hours of purchase
Buy this book:
Jacques Monod was undoubtedly one of the most creative minds in 20th century science. His career spanned the early years of molecular biology, a "golden age" of creative thought and hypothesis-driven research. Monod's work at the Pasteur Institute was marked by an unbroken succession of great discoveries. Many of the concepts he developed are still central to modern biology, including the elegant theory of allostery, which arose from his interest in how proteins recognize chemical signals. Scientists now recognize that most mechanisms of cell signaling involve allosteric interactions, and even the prion theory rises from this concept.
A collection of personal accounts from friends and colleagues, this revised volume offers the reader a glimpse of the charismatic personality of Jacques Monod. Many aspects of his life are touched on lightly: music, sailing, philosophy, rock climbing. His skills as theoretician, experimentalist, administrator, and mentor, on the other hand, appear often and powerfully in many of these essays. Each chapter reveals the excitement and camaraderie of Monod's laboratory and the compelling fascination of the birth and development of concepts, the building of a discipline. This book enriches modern biologists, and nonscientists as well, with an understanding of defining events of the past.
The new Origins of Molecular Biology incorporates the complete text of Monod's Nobel Prize lecture and the complete bibliography of his scientific papers. Dozens of personal photos of Monod and his colleagues are included, with thumbnail biographies of the contributors, eminent scientists in their own right.
Hardcover, 335 pages, illustrations, index.
Preface to the New Edition
Foreword to the New Edition
Chapter 1 : Jacques LucienMonod: 1910–1976
Author: A. M. Lwoff
This chapter talks about Jacques Monod, who became Director of the Pasteur Institute in April 1971. It talks about the outer and inner man. Shortly after his arrival in Lwoff's attic, Jacques Monod had collaborated with Elie Wollman in a study of the effect of phage infection on β-galactosidase synthesis. The scientists, technicians, and secretaries who worked with him could always count on his sympathy, advice, and support; in return, he received an unreserved loyalty and devotion from nearly all of them. If Jacques Monod's faults have been evoked here, that is because one cannot write other than honestly about such a man. At the risk of eliciting sniggers from readers for whom the very notion of the hero is a medieval anachronism, it must be said that he was of heroic stature. The author hopes that this is evident from the preceding account of his life. One common French quality which Monod did not share was the Latin brand of sentimentality. Desperately searching as Director for solutions to the problems ofthe Institute, he hit on the notion of rebuilding it on the suburban campus at Garches, financing the operation by the sale of the very valuable land which it occupies in Paris.
Chapter 2 : Lwoff (1902–1994): Remembrances
Author: Agnes Ullmann
Madeleine Jolit provides information on her experience in lab. The author and her group were isolating mutants and carrying out the first assays of amylomaltase and galactosidase. Jacques Monod invented the "bactogène," an apparatus designed to maintain "a continuous process for the cultivation of microorganisms, involving continuous and simultaneous addition of nutrient medium into, and removal of culture liquid from a fermenter." Monod was busy setting up his new service, welcoming and taking care of his students both in the lab and at the university. He would work only occasionally at the bench now, participating in some permease assays, having a look at the petri dishes. The author is thankful to this unique atmosphere which everyone in her group had created. She had known many labs in France and abroad, but had never seen anything like the one she had worked at. In that sense, she and her group had been very lucky.
Chapter 3 : The Outer and The Inner Man
Author: Roger Y. Stainer
This chapter provides an overview of Madeleine Brunerie's experience with Jacques Monod in the Institut Pasteur. On June 29, 1954, in the reserve room for laboratory material of the old Service de Chimie Biologique, Jacques Monod appeared forever in the author's life as a charming and very courteous man. The author first believed she would not be as impressed by him as she had been by Professor Macheboeuf. Sometime in late October 1959 she understood that her secret hopes might come true. A close friend of Jacques Monod asked the author for a curriculum vitae and reprints to support a proposal for a scientific prize to be shared with Andr´e Lwoff (in fact the Nobel Prize). The author felt it was a confirmation of her high opinion of him, and afterward, each fall, the author waited hopefully for Nobel news. He was also generous with people he did not even know. He never answered Christmas cards, but he never failed to reply to letters from troubled or ill people who asked him for moral help or medical advice. Not a physician himself, he always tried to give either the adequate information or the opinion from a specialist. On April 15, 1971, Jacques Monod became General Director of the Institut Pasteur. Accepting this leadership, he undertook it with the same passion he exerted in whatever he did. A few days later, on Monday, May 31, 1976, Jacques Monod died in Cannes, where he had gone for a rest.
Chapter 4 : A Bit of Luck
Author: Madeleine Jolit
In this chapter, the author relates his experiences as Jacques assistant at the laboratory. The core of the question in those days (1948–1950) was to understand why there was an increased rate of enzyme formation upon addition of the substrate (adaptation) or a diauxic inhibition. The working hypotheses in the lab were that "many different enzymes may stem from a common precursor or pool of precursor molecules" and that the "master pattern configuration determining the specificity was not the enzyme itself but a pre-existing self-duplicating unit (the gene)." On April 11, 1949, the author and Jacques spent the day at 37№C to give birth to the "bactogène." The results were encouraging and Jacques wrote in his notebook the theory which was the basis of the bactogène.
Chapter 5 : Once Upon a Time . . .
Author: Madeleine Brunerie
The author narrates how she was supposed to study the hypothetical relationships between lycopene and vitamin A2 and was provided with a barrel of spoiled tomato juice from which to extract lycopene. Experiences of the author and her old friend, Georges Cohen, are narrated in this chapter, highlighting the opportunity they had to listen to and meet, in an informal and congenial atmosphere, some of the leading contemporary biochemists and experimental biologists. Next the author talks about her experiences with Jacques Monod. The club was Jacques Monod's creation and reflected his generosity and devotion to the education of younger scientists. The author had attended the meeting "Les unites douees de continuite genetique" at which Andre Lwoff and Jacques Monod had participated, and read with great fascination the recent review published in the Growth Symposium by Jacques Monod. The study of the effect of cations on the activity of β-galactosidase and the affinity of its substrates was also part of the author's occupations.
Chapter 6 : Le Labo de Jacques
Author: Annamaria Torriani
On arriving at the Pasteur Institute, the author told Jacques Monod that he had come there to learn about adaptive enzymes and that he wished him to suggest a problem for him to work on. As a matter of fact, a strong candidate for a "preenzyme" had already been found in noninduced E. coli by Mel Cohn and Annamaria Torriani. Cohn and Torriani had shown that there was present in extracts from noninduced cells an enzymatically inactive protein which they called Pz. This protein cross-reacted with antibodies raised in rabbits by immunization with purified β-galactosidase (Gz). The experiment that Jacques proposed was indeed very simple. He had recently received a series of twenty auxotrophic mutants of E. coli from Bernard Davis, each requiring a different amino acid or accessory factor for growth. Enzyme synthesis began almost immediately upon adding back the required amino acid or growth factor. At this time, the kinetics of enzyme production were being followed as a function of time. It seemed to the author that if growth were indeed required, enzyme production should be measured with respect to the increase in bacterial mass. The final and complete elimination of the Pz protein as a precursor having anything to do with induction of β-galactosidase synthesis came a few years later when Cohn, Lennox, and Spiegelman transduced the lacZ gene into an i+z- Shigella dysenteriae containing no Pz, and obtained lac+ recombinant Shigella.
Chapter 7 : Remembrance of Things Past
Author: Germaine Stanier (Cohen-Bazire)
In this chapter the author talks about Jacques Monod and provides a wide range of personal memoirs: the reactions, experiences, and subjective impressions of his friends and colleagues, compiled as a historical record of how Jacques appeared to those who knew him well. There are a few who, through ignorance or envy, have regarded Jacques mainly as a conceited and arrogant egoist. There are others, dazzled by his brilliance and charm, who could see nothing but genius and virtue. It was mainly during 1952–1953, in close association with Jacques at the Pasteur Institute, that the author was able to look behind the scenes and become involved in some of the scientific problems of enzyme induction as they were being studied in Jacques' group in the early days before the Great Enlightenment. Jacques had worked almost exclusively with E. coli β-galactosidase, where basal enzyme was so low in the commonly used wild type that it could, in principle, have been explained (as he was always emphasizing) by the few constitutive mutants that were known to be present.
Chapter 8 : What Happened to Pz?
Author: A.M. Pappenheimer, Jr.
After the liberation, in 1945, Jacques Monod joined André Lwoff's laboratory at the Pasteur Institute. The organizers of a symposium had asked the author to trace in a personal way the contributions of Monod to the origins of their present concept of induced enzyme synthesis. The key to the power of these Monod theories, 1947, 1961, or 1965, was simply that they were physiological-level theories capable of reductionism; that is to say, they were capable of an analysis at the level of chemistry. The author believes that Monod had one of the most creative minds of our time because he had one of the most creative minds simply because he thought deeply, ascetically, about how knowledge is acquired; and it is this process that he insisted should be the only basis for a system of ethical and aesthetic values.
Chapter 9 : An Exciting but Exasperating Personality
Author: Martin Pollock
Soon after 1944, Jacques Monod organized informal meetings at which Monod and the author presented their work, subjecting it to the criticism of all the attendants. During 1948, the author and Marie-Louise Hirsch observed that the growth of a leucine-requiring mutant of Escherichia coli was inhibited by valine or isoleucine, whereas its growth on leucylglycine or glycylleucine was unaffected by the antagonists. In the discussion of the paper, one of the hypotheses put forward was the existence of a selective permeation system in E. coli, stereo-specific for the three branched-chain amino acids. Jacques struck out the corresponding paragraph with a choleric red pencil and told the author, "Every time a microbiologist has no clear explanation for a nutritional puzzle, he calls upon permeability to conceal his ignorance." The paper appeared in 1953 with alternative explanations, which turned out to be entirely wrong. The fact that more than one activity is controlled by the same pleiotropic mutation did in an indirect manner help the development of the operon concept. The author says that people have recalled how Jacques' lab was associated with the discovery of the repression of biosynthetic enzymes by their end products and with the generalization of the negative-regulation model in biosynthetic systems, and some others have described the rationale by which Jacques arrived at the concept of allosteric enzymes.
Chapter 10 : In Memoriam
Author: Melvin Cohn
The most promising approach to the study of the lactose system appeared to lie through genetic analysis. Conjugation had become a useful instrument for the analysis of any bacterial function. Starting from the viewpoint of the phage system, the author wanted Jacques' opinion about the implications for the lac system of two basic concepts: (1) Repression (or induction) operates not progressively, but like a switch, by a yes-or-no, an on-or-off mechanism that involves only two states; and (2) Genetic units of an order higher than the gene must exist: "units of activity" that contain several genes subject to unitary expression, such expression probably being regulated at the level of DNA. Actually," Jacques concluded, "there is no direct evidence either for or against the idea of repression at the level of DNA, and we should keep this possibility in mind." His objection to the switch, the on-or-off concept of protein synthesis, appeared more serious to the author. During a small meeting in Sydney Brenner's room at King's College, the author described the latest results obtained in Paris and Berkeley on the regulation of protein synthesis and mentioned once again the unstable RNA hypothesis. The whole system could be viewed as an on-or-off switch alternating between two states, just like the switch of the small electric train. In the fall of 1960, Jacques and the author decided to assemble the various pieces of information then available into a story, mainly written by Jacques.
Chapter 11 : Permeability as an Excuse to Write What I Feel
Author: Georges N. Cohen
This chapter states that initial rates of β-galactosidase production were very similar with and without inducer. The author thinks it is safe to say that this PaJaMa experiment provided the basis and frame of reference for further studies on the mechanism of enzyme regulation. The PaJaMa experiment is the basis of a historical-philosophical study of the nature of discovery by Kenneth Schaffner, who interviewed the individuals involved and reconstructed a composite of what happened. From the PaJaMa studies on the molecular nature of induction—proposed to be the effects of interaction of a lactose-related inducer with the repressor protein, which initiates a quite different process of gene expression—Jacques Monod became interested in how a small molecule can modify a protein's function. The author says that the time spent by him in Monod's laboratory was certainly one of the most remarkable of his career, as he learned there of the great power of genetics in combination with biochemistry.
Chapter 12 : The Switch
Author: François Jacob
The epoch, that of molecular biology, may in its turn be seen as a composition of various "scenes," as those which are threaded along a play by Bertolt Brecht, where a multitude of protagonists move about and spread their energy with passion. Jacques Monod has been, and will be remembered as, one of those very great men around whom the main events of contemporary biology have synthesized and harmoniously gathered, as the large tableaux around Brecht's hero. According to the author, the history of RNA is that of a mysterious substance which did not interest anybody except a few cytologists. The finding that plant viruses contain, apart from proteins, ribonucleic acid has not only led one to perceive the functional universality of the RNA in biological systems, but has also helped in the analysis of its physicochemical composition. Jacob, Meselson, and Brenner brilliantly demonstrated that Volkin and Astrachan's RNA operated on preexisting ribosomes as a template biopolymer, organizing as a real "viral messenger" the proteins newly synthesized by the phage. The birth, at times difficult, of messenger RNA was received with great acclaim. The finding of a strict complementarity in the sequences of the messenger RNA and the homospecific DNA (Spiegelman) was also a major contribution.
Chapter 13 : The PaJaMa Experiment
Author: Arthur B. Pardee
The author undertook a systematic screening of the inducing capacity of all available thiogalactosides, of their affinity to the purified β-galactosidase, and of their "apparent affinity" to the intracellular enzyme. Constitutive strains, which synthesized β-galactosidase in media devoid of inducer, had been isolated. The prevailing hypothesis was that they accumulated an "internal" inducer. The availability of powerful inhibitors of induction prompted the author's group to check their ability to block the constitutive synthesis, with entirely negative results. The author attempted to map the operator gene. The bias was that the strains utilized were heterogeneous in the activity of a galactose transport system. The operator moved back to one end of the galactose operon. The striking similarity exhibited by the regulatory elements of the lactose and galactose systems strengthened both the repressor hypothesis and the notion that the unit of genetic expression can comprise several genes. Taking advantage of the fact that the lactose regulator gene i is close enough to the genes it controls to also remain associated to them in the transducing phages, Salvador Luria could establish that the cointegration of an active i gene was necessary and sufficient to prevent the derepression of the lactose enzymes during the phage vegetative growth. Unfortunately, the structure of the galactose system did not enable one to decide if the same explanation accounted entirely for the derepression of galactokinase. The switch "from lactose to galactose" induction analysis also supplied unexpected insights on the deregulation of host enzyme synthesis by viral induction.
Chapter 14 : The Messenger
Author: François Gros
The two-month lab course designed by Jacques Monod in 1956 and 1957 was intended to breach the gap between university teaching and living research. It was the author's real introduction to what was to become molecular biology—covering DNA, proteins, physiology, and biochemistry of bacteria and phages. The study of cross-reacting material (CRM) was of course prompted by the need to map the structural gene for galactosidase so it could be distinguished from genes involved in induction. But it was also to understand the obscure relation between that old ghost Pz and CRM of galactosidase. A scheme of competition between galactosidase and CRM was devised in which the only thing measured was enzyme activity. The is mutant which became a cornerstone of the theory of induction by negative control appeared by luck. It was a strange lac negative, giving numerous revertants which were all constitutive. It proved to be trans-dominant and fit nicely with the theory.
Chapter 15 : From Lactose to Galactose
Author: Gérard Buttin
The hypothesis of catabolite repression predicts that energy sources other than glucose should repress glucose-sensitive enzymes in cells grown in media that limit their ability to utilize the catabolites rapidly for the synthesis of macromolecules; and in fact, partial amino acid, purine, pyrimidine, or phosphate starvation has this effect. As the names imply, in a physiological sense, induction is a positive control and catabolite repression a negative control. Nevertheless, for lac and hut (histidine degradation) and many other systems, induction actually reflects negative control at the molecular level, and in all cases catabolite repression appears to reflect positive control at the molecular level. The observation by Ullmann and Monod and independently by Perlman and Pastan that the addition of cyclic AMP can overcome the repressive effect of glucose led to the discovery that the transcription of genes coding for enzymes subject to catabolite repression requires activation by the catabolite-activating protein (CAP) charged with cyclic AMP. Glucose appears to lower the intracellular level of cyclic AMP by an as-yet-undiscovered mechanism. In short, the apparent escape from catabolite repression of histidase really reflects a phenomenon distinct from catabolite repression: the activation by glutamine synthetase (GS) of the transcription of genes coding for enzymes that can supply the cell with ammonia or glutamate.
Chapter 16 : The Wonderful Year
Author: David Perrin
During the course of an analysis of the ability of compounds related to lactose to act as inducers of β-galactosidase, Howard Rickenberg, working with Georges Cohen and Gérard Buttin in Monod's laboratory, discovered the inducible transport system ("permease") for β-galactosidases. Monod's earlier studies had shown that the genetic regulation of the galactoside permease was coordinated with that of the β-galactosidase, and indeed that the gene for β-galactosidase (the z gene) and that for the permease (the y gene) were part of the same genetic unit, or operon. Monod proposed that the permease would have the property of binding its substrate and suggested that the author's group try to identify it by this property. The active galactoside permease has not yet been isolated, but Fox and Kennedy have isolated and characterized the y gene product, which they called the M-protein, after modifying it with the N-ethylmaleimide, using a clever modification of the binding idea based on Adam Kepes' observation that the β-galactosidase permease contains essential sulfhydryl groups that are protected by the substrate. The exit of galactose was also found to be inhibited by substances, such as α-methyglucoside and succinate that were not substrates for the galactose permease. Monod was intimately involved in everything that was going on in the laboratory, from sporulation to permeation, and in those days he was always in the laboratory, available for discussion of the work.
Chapter 17 : From Diauxie to the Concept of Catabolite Repression
Author: Boris Magasanik
The most universally known and the most often misquoted is "Whatever is true for E. coli is true for an elephant." Jacques Monod's faith in the universality of the laws and mechanisms of biology contrasting with his provocative attitude of apparent cynicism in front of the great problems of "the secrets of life" was fascinating to those of us who surrounded him. Monod showed with Melvin Cohn that the kinetic parameters as well as the immunochemical properties of β-galactosidase did not change when a variety of inducers were utilized with the inducible strain or compared to the enzyme of the constitutive mutants, where no inducer was used. The rapid regulatory switches pointed toward an unstable intermediate embodying the genetic information between gene and protein. The intermediate, called "the messenger," soon became the messenger RNA, (mRNA). The progress of translation is independent of both the termination of the transcription and the survival of the initial end of mRNA. The survival of the initiating end of mRNA is independent of the intracellular concentration of inducer and largely, although not completely, independent of transcription. The mRNA is polycistronic and stays probably as a single piece for the major part of its functional lifetime. At the steady state of all processes, the polycistronic mRNA is, however, seldom integral. The major part of it should be pieces: some unfinished, some already missing the initiating end, some devoid of both, still growing on one side while losing the other side at the same speed.
Chapter 18 : Permeases and Other Things
Author: B. L. Horecker
The enzymological and purification data on acetylase, pointed out some of the difficulties in believing that acetylase was permease or part of it, but left it an open question. One of the first things to do was to get acetylase in pure form, find out how much was made in the cell, and measure its size. The surprise from the purification data was that there was very much less acetylase produced than β-galactosidase, 10 to 35 times less by weight, depending on conditions of growth. Acetylase was fairly straightforward. By physical and chemical studies it was clearly a dimer of two identical chains, each of about 30,000 daltons. Antibody to acetylase did not cross-react with β-galactosidase, nor with anything else in the cell. The subunit structure of β-galactosidase was a difficult problem. But when end-group and other studies were carried out, it became clear that β-galactosidase contains long, not short chains. In fact, the polypeptide contains 1,021 amino acids. β-Galactosidase has been a challenge, worthy of a lot of work. It still hasn't lost its interest. There were and still are interesting mutants, as well as the structure to wonder about. Though acetylase was and is revisited from time to time, β-galactosidase has been the focus of attention in the author's lab for many years.
Chapter 19 : Early Kinetics of Induced Enzyme Synthesis
Author: Adam Kepes
The author arrived too late at the Pasteur Institute to participate in the great adventure: the founding of molecular biology. But she was around long enough to witness many later developments. A few years later, a paper by the Jacques Monod impressed the author profoundly. Jacques was now ready to admit that cyclic AMP plays an important regulatory role. Many of the members of the group had decided at that time to assume new directions. This gave Jacques mixed feelings of loneliness, nostalgia, and freedom. At the beginning of 1970 Jacques was asked to become Director of the Pasteur Institute, and he immediately gave up the idea of a sabbatical leave and a few months later he became Director of the Pasteur Institute. A few months later he became ill and had to slow down his activities. Vicky was the only one who for months and months still desperately waited every evening at the door and could not understand why his master did not call for him anymore.
Chapter 20 : From Acetylase to β-Galactosidase
Author: Irving Zabin
Enzymes involved in the degradation of substrates similar in structure seemed likely to derive from the same precursor. For this reason Monod decided to study the enzymes involved in the degradation of two similar disaccharides: lactose and maltose. As a result, two communications were presented on July 12, 1948, at the French Academy of Sciences. One, signed by J. Monod, A. M. Torriani, and J. Gribetz, described the occurrence, in Escherichia coli, of lactase, only present in lactose-grown cells. In the other, signed by J. Monod and A. M. Torriani, was reported the existence of an "amylomaltase," present exclusively in maltose-grown cells. Because the "lactase" was in fact a β-galactosidase of broad specificity, it became possible to synthesize a chromogenic substrate for this enzyme, and therefore to render its assay both very simple and very sensitive, while the assay of amylomaltase still required the use of the cumbersome Warburg apparatus. The corresponding mutations generally mapped in the vicinity of the amylomaltase-phosphorylase operon. Other mutations, mapping in this second region, led to the most incredible phenotypes. The unwarranted complexity of the two most well-known positively regulated systems made Monod, and many others, suspicious that something basic could be wrong. Still, over the years the author could not escape imagining what would have happened if Monod had focused on amylomaltase, rather than on β-galactosidase.
Chapter 21 : Being Around
During the spring of 1962, a biochemistry course on "the biosynthesis of macromolecules," presenting experiments which were being done at that very time, was given at the Faculté des Sciences de Paris by Jacques Monod. The courses one usually attended at that time consisted of the boring recitation of formulas, like that of vitamin B12 or testosterone without any reference to the ideas and the experiments which had led to the comprehension of these structures. The topography of the lab favored communication: it was a long corridor with one pole of attraction, "le labo bleu," which opened to Jacques Monod's office. Another pole of attraction came later at the other end of the corridor: Françcois Jacob's door. The last room was the kitchen, in which Jacques Monod used to come and talk with people. In this forum, theoretical and technical problems were discussed amiably, and we learned to know and appreciate one another.
Chapter 22 : Another Route
Author: Maxime Schwartz
At the meeting of the author and Jacques Monod, Monod explained to him how he intended to organize his biological training. By deciding that his essay should bear on "prediction of the conformation of a protein from its amino acid sequence," Monod put the author right into the field of protein folding, a theme which has since remained the subject of his research. When, after a decade, the author tries to understand why he got so deeply involved in that subject, he can find two main reasons, both related to the fact that Monsieur Monod himself had become particularly interested in protein folding. To account for the large size of proteins, Monod tried to analyze the constraints which the functional features of a protein exert on its structure: the existence of a catalytic site, requiring the exact relative positioning of half a dozen amino acids; the stability of the protein conformation, requiring, according to the "oil drop model," a hydrophobic core; the solubility of the molecule, requiring the presence on its surface of polar residues that are able to interact with the solvent. Monod's interest in protein conformation survived his involvement in the direction of the Pasteur Institute.
Chapter 23 : The Lively Corridor
Author: Marie-Hélène Buc
Jacques Monod attached as much importance to the manner in which ideas were expressed as to the ideas themselves. The study of regulatory enzymes was becoming one of the research topics of Jacques Monod's laboratory. First, the fact that Um-barger's observations were confirmed: the inhibitory effect of L-isoleucine was specific. One of the highlights of the symposium was, undoubtedly, Jacques Monod's presentation of the concluding remarks. These ideas were further elaborated in the Journal of Molecular Biology, in a review article entitled "Allosteric proteins and cellular control systems." This text was written by Jacques Monod during 1962. Models of steric hindrance and allosteric effect were being completed by a less plausible model by direct interaction. The general discussion in the 1963 review finishes with the generalization of the concept of allosteric protein. These molecules would be the key component of any system of biological control, from the regulation of enzyme activity to enzymatic adaptation, passing by hormone action. The hypothesis is put forward that gene repressors are also allosteric proteins. In the course of the year 1963, the author presented to Jacques Monod a first draft of his thesis work. They then had to find a mechanism which would create interactions between identical sites within the oligomer. A presentation beginning with the mathematical model was finally adopted, which could not fail to please Jacques Monod by its highly theoretical and formal aspect.
Chapter 24 : To Fold or Not to Fold: The Way Toward Research
Author: Michel Goldberg
The author's plan was to learn phage genetics for use in later physicochemical studies of genetic problems. Two surprises were awaiting him. One was a student (Alex Fritsch) who wanted to work with him; he was particularly interested in the uses of the analytical ultracentrifuge. The second surprise was a manuscript by Jacques Monod on a model for allosteric enzymes. It proposed a general model for allosteric enzymes. The particular protein which was discussed in detail was hemoglobin, which was not then known to be an allosteric protein. He looked down at the set of four dice, glued together, which he used as a model in thinking about the symmetry properties of oligomeric proteins. But the logic of the allosteric model seemed to require that proteins be flexible. Jacques admitted then that the answers to allosteric mechanisms would probably come from physicochemical studies of purified proteins, together with their crystal structures. Hemoglobin, in particular, became one of the most intensively studied molecules known to chemists.
Chapter 25 : A Ph.D. with Jacques Monod: Prehistory of Allosteric Proteins
Author: Jean-Pierre Changeux
By his theories and experiments, Jacques Monod permanently altered the thinking of scientists in genetics and molecular biology. Scientific discussions with him always seemed to the author like a deep-sea diving expedition in which one plunges into a new world with exciting terrain and a colorful fish flashing by at breathtaking speed. One discussion is particularly memorable to the author as illustrating the strong philosophical and Descartian logic which permeated Jacques' thinking. They were discussing their alternate theories of cooperativity which had recently appeared in the literature and in particular the role of symmetry. The more they talked the more it became apparent that the two theories were internally consistent but each proceeded from different premises. No logical argument can prove or disprove internally consistent theories any more than they can prove or disprove Euclidean versus non-Euclidean geometry. They discussed at length the analogy between scientific dangers and physical dangers. They both agreed that scientists must venture into uncharted seas to make progress and fear of the turbulence of controversy and the disaster of being wrong inevitably leads to repetitive science. Monod left contributions of great brilliance in the annals of science and memories of enchanted interludes in the hearts and minds of friends over the whole world.
Chapter 26 : Discussions about Proteins
Author: Robert L. Baldwin
This chapter focuses on mother nature and the design of a regulatory enzyme. Jacques Monod was looking at a nascent science from his peculiar point of view, molecular evolution. Each new result was presented in the lecture as one tiny piece in the puzzle that Mother Nature had solved. Many scientists appreciate the Monod–Wyman–Changeux model (M–W–C model) because it is a simple, elegant, and imaginative proposal. The author feels sad that a very significant confrontation between two different approaches of molecular biology is reduced to a formal conflict between two hypothetical kinetic pathways. He thinks that what is really at stake is a triple issue. First, it is a good example of classical opposition between informative and selective theories in biology (in the M–W–C model, preexisting states are selected by small metabolites, the concentrations of which reflect the various physiological needs of the cell; according to Koshland and his collaborators, the ligand informs the protein structure and directs its conformational change). Second, they diverge on the basic unity or on the diversity of the structural solutions historically retained by evolution to solve a problem of regulation. Third, Monod's theory is falsifiable: to refute it does not simply mean to show how significantly the real solutions differ from a model. In Monod, as a public man, the author found the basic need for creative freedom.
Chapter 27 : Some Memories of Jacques Monod
Author: D. E. Koshland, Jr.
The author's first encounter with Jacques Monod was over forty years ago when he gave the Dunham lectures at the Harvard Medical School. In 1965 that Monod and the author published their joint paper with J.- P. Changeux on what has come to be known as the M–W–C allosteric model. This paper, which appeared in the Journal of Molecular Biology, grew out of a seminar the author gave in Paris in 1964; and in turn was the result of a talk given the preceding summer at Cold Spring Harbor. The underlying linkage principles, in accordance with which ligand-linked conformational changes can give rise to both homotropic and heterotropic control, had already been laid down, and it was this subject that formed the basis of the talk the author gave in Paris. The introductory part dealing with the possible role of symmetry in the assembly of oligomeric proteins was largely due to Jacques. Although the author had introduced the concept of symmetry, pointing out that insofar as site interactions were the reflection of the spacing of the sites, symmetry of function as represented by symmetry of the binding curve implied a certain geometric symmetry in a macromolecule. The rest of the paper was based largely on the sure principles of classical thermodynamics. In the talks by Jacques and the author, Jacques stressed the geometric symmetry concept; the author stressed more on abstract thermodynamic ideas, taking the occasion also to introduce the closely related concept of the binding potential.
Chapter 28 : Mother Nature and the Design of a Regulatory Enzyme
Author: Henri Buc
The author thinks his first meeting with Jacques Monod was in the mid-1950s, probably after Jim Watson, and he had put forward the DNA structure. He clearly recalls giving a seminar at the Pasteur Institute in which he suggested the quite erroneous theory that during protein synthesis the inducer was needed to fold up the enzyme correctly. Monod was an excellent sailor who could manage his 37-foot sloop by himself, whereas he was always a rather bumbling amateur. One year there was a scientific meeting at Naples. This chapter discusses the author`s most rewarding sailing experience with Jacques. Jacques was very companionable—one always enjoyed an evening when he was there—and it's not everyone that one can go sailing with. Their general attitude to most scientific matters was very similar, yet their backgrounds were sufficiently different to make both of them eager to hear what the other thought. As each new thing comes up, one regrets so much not being able to talk it over with Jacques. Jacques would understand so quickly; he would appreciate the importance of the point; he would say something illuminating that hadn't occurred to one; one could reach agreement together and a deeper understanding. It is for this reason that the author finds that he has no stomach for writing a book about Jacques` work even though the author still feels a small nagging sense of duty.
Chapter 29 : Recollections of Jacques Monod
Author: Jeffries Wyman
This chapter discusses the author's relationship with Jacques Monod, who is a Nobel Prize-winning French biologist and director of the Pasteur Institute in Paris. Having chosen Jacques for a role model, the year the author spent in Jacques' ambience had a profound effect on his formation as a scientist. The author talks about the lunchtime conversations at Jacques' table that covered a broad range of scientific, political, and cultural subjects. According to Jacques, the most recent of the evolutionary accidents was responsible for the emergence within the biosphere of a new realm, the noosphere, or realm of knowledge. Once the noosphere had come into being there began within it an evolutionary process based on the natural selection, not of genes, but of ideas. Of all the ideas in the noosphere, the most powerful to have emerged is that of objective knowledge. Jacques now attempts to explicate the concept of objectivity that was to be central to Chance and Necessity: for him objective knowledge is that which has no source but the systematic confrontation of logic and experience. The author met Jacques one more time, at the 1974 Colloquium "Biology and the Future of Man" held at the Sorbonne, and they exchanged a few amicable civilities, without finding words for a substantive conversation.
Chapter 30 : Sailing with Jacques
Author: Francis Crick
The author recalls a visit of Jacques to Urbana in the early 1950s, in the course of which they talked of enzyme induction and of host-induced phage modification. The author's experiments at that time dealt with the expression of phage-transduced lactose genes. It was a well guarded secret that similar experiments on lactose-transferring episomes were underway in the laboratory, the experiments which later led to the formulation of the operon theory. In his last years Monod became concerned with the impact of biology on human society, and, characteristically, tried actively to promote the field of bioanthropology. The author believes Monod was inclined to put more confidence in the ethological and sociobiological approaches than the author thought was warranted. However, Monod was not dogmatically "biologizing" the human predicament, but simply trying to choose and develop a feasible approach.
Chapter 31 : The Ode to Objectivity
Author: Gunther S. Stent
The author and Jacques Monod regularly had numerous conversations. Two major themes were present in Monod's thoughts. The first one was concerned with the methodology necessary for investigating phenomena; it is developed at length in K. Popper's books, and, indeed, Monod has contributed to their diffusion in France: the best way to contribute to building science is to progress by making conjectures and trying to refute them. The second theme is clear in the allostery theory. The author emphasizes the hierarchical order of the allosteric regulation and regulations of transcription. He describes the main lines of a conjecture which would help to state precisely the question—Is a still more general system, allowing, for instance, the coupling between the cellular metabolism and macromolecular syntheses, possible?—keeping in mind the methodology alluded. This chapter outlines the conjecture and questions raised by research work of Jacques Monod. The author used to submit all the problems for comment to Monod, just a short time before his death. As he always did, Monod offered new conjectures and then proposed experiments to refute them.
Chapter 32 : Jacques Monod: Scientist, Humanist, and Friend
Author: S. E. Luria
In the course of research work, the author's group observed a fact that seemed very significant. A certain compound, phenyl-β-D-thiogalactoside, devoid of inductive capacity, proved capable of counteracting the action of an effective inducer such as methyl-β-D-thiogalactoside. The study of galactoside permease was to reveal another fact of great significance. Several years earlier, following Lederberg's work, the group had isolated some "constitutive" mutants of β-galactosidase, that is, strains in which the enzyme was synthesized in the absence of any galactoside. The author then had to admit that a constitutive mutation, although very strongly linked to the loci governing galactosidase, galactoside permease, and transacetylase, had taken place in a gene (i) distinct from the other three (z, y, and Ac), and that the relationship of this gene to the three proteins violated the postulate of Beadle and Tatum. The model that the group had studied is interesting primarily because it proposes a functional correlation between certain elements of the molecular structure of proteins and certain of their physiologic properties, specifically those that are significant at the level of integration, of dynamic organization, of metabolism. If the proposed correlation is experimentally verified, then it is an additional reason for having confidence in the development of our discipline which, transcending its original domain, the chemistry of heredity, today is oriented toward the analysis of the more complex biological phenomena: the development of higher organisms and the operation of their networks of functional coordinations.
Chapter 33 : Conjectures and Refutations
Author: Antoine Danchin
This chapter presents a list of the scientific publications written by Jacques Monod from 1931 to 1976.
Scientific Publications by Jacques Monod*
There are no separately available contributors for this publication.
Plasmid Biology
Molecular Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases
The Bacterial Chromosome
eventtype:PERSONALISATION;jsessionid:wTwirPKVSqYvxrtrpvLrN9Ke.asmlive-10-241-2-10;itemid:http://asm.metastore.ingenta.com/content/book/10.1128/9781555817763;timestamp:1610733375610
Origins of Molecular Biology — Recommend this title to your library


At the Colombian Embassy in Washington, Ambassador Carlos Urrutia says there's no doubt that his country's trade deal with the US has paid off.
Colombian businesses are sending more socks and cosmetics to California, beet sugar to New York and glass to Florida to help with hurricane repairs.
US officials are equally excited, saying US businesses have improved their sales to the South American country by 20 per cent. Manufacturers are exporting more transportation equipment, petroleum and coal products, processed foods and a long list of farm products, including soybeans, pork, wheat, grapes and dairy goods.
But a year after the agreement took effect, the growth in trade is producing mounting anxiety in some quarters.
In California, for example, progress has come with a price for the once-dominant flower industry.
Colombian imports have jumped seven per cent in the past year. Less than three per cent of the Valentine's Day roses sold in this country were grown here. On New Year's Day, just two of the 41 floats in the popular Rose Parade in Pasadena, California, featured flowers grown in the Golden State.
"People don't think about where their flowers come from, like they do their food," said Kasey Cronquist, the chief executive of the California Cut Flower Commission.
The unhappiness extends well beyond flowers.
Opponents note that the balance of trade between the countries remains out of whack. The United States imported nearly $US25 billion ($A26.30 billion) in goods from Colombia last year, while it exported only $US16 billion.
In Washington, the trade agreement is under increased attack from critics who want President Barack Obama to do more to reverse the violence that persists in Colombia, where at least 20 unionists were assassinated last year.
Despite the complaints, Urrutia said the agreement was clearly benefiting US consumers by giving them more products from which to choose.
Overall, he said, two-way trade between the countries is up by five per cent, and Colombian companies have sent 187 new products to the United States in the past year, including photographic equipment, anti-inflammatory drugs, tropical fruit juices with sugar, and electrical transformers. He said 775 Colombian companies had shipped products to the United States for the first time in the past year, with 23 states getting at least one new Colombian product.
While the Colombian government doesn't track how many new jobs have been produced as a result of the trade pact, he estimated them to be in the thousands, adding that the unemployment rate in the country is declining. It stood at 10 per cent in March, after averaging more than 12 per cent for the past dozen years.
"We've been looking at the figures. What we see is encouraging. We're quite satisfied," Urrutia said.
To mark the one-year anniversary, Obama and his team have been busy touting the deal, too.
In an opinion piece published two weeks ago in The Miami Herald, which is owned by McClatchy, the president called the deal "a moment of great promise for our hemisphere," saying it had created new markets for US businesses while the fast-growing economies of Latin America have helped people escape poverty.
Colombia's human-rights record, which emerged as an issue on Capitol Hill before Congress approved the trade pact in 2011, remains a sore spot.
Public Citizen's Global Trade Watch, a nonprofit consumer group based in Washington, said Colombia remained the deadliest country for union members, with 471 unionists receiving death threats since the trade agreement took effect and at least 20 unionists reported assassinated.
Urrutia said the issue had the attention of the Colombian government "at the highest level" and that plans were in place to provide union leaders with armoured vehicles, bodyguards and police protection.
"The facts are that Colombia has made a lot of progress," he said.
"We still have problems. Any attack against a labour leader, a union leader, is one attack too many."
He acknowledged the situation that US flower growers face while offering little sympathy.
"They're very unhappy. I can imagine," he said.
"But you know, the problem is this is global trade. I think protectionism is no longer acceptable anywhere you go, including Colombia.
"This is good for American consumers because they get first-quality flowers at cheaper prices."
Moreover, he said: "If Colombia were not involved, the US market would be absorbing fresh-cut flowers being exported from Holland and Ecuador. We're not to blame."


text:
Andarl Farm
July 27, 2015 July 27, 2015 / De Búrca Traditional Butcher Shop	/ Leave a comment
Andarl Farm piggies!
Dave and Di Milestone, both originally from Yorkshire, first came to Ireland in 2010. Dave was a long distance lorry driver and Di worked part time in a local deli in Claremorris. In 2012 they bought a derelict farm and some land at Brickens as they were both used to living in the countryside and along with this they also bought Doris, a Large White sow. Doris soon gave birth to 17 piglets but three days later the unthinkable happened when Doris died, and the piglets had to be hand reared. They had wonderful support from their friends and neighbors during that time. Two of the orphaned piglets took to drinking replacement milk straight away and thrived. They were named Thelma and Louise and they still have them today. A few more ladies have joined the group since: Ruby, Rosie, Scary, Posh, Sporty and Baby (Ginger hasn't arrived yet!) They said that it is such a great feeling to have Thelma and Louise the original orphaned piglets in particular, producing regular litters of their own, despite the fact that they were told by a local pig farmer at the time that they would never make anything out of them! Little did they know that with Thelma and Louise, Andarl Farm Velvet Pork was born.
Their passion for their pigs started from that point on. As modern tastes can often find free-range pork too fatty, they decided to take up the challenge to find the perfect cross that would have the right fat to lean ratio as well as a good hardy outdoor disposition to suit their farming style. It took 3 years through the use of AI to develop the right breed and in 2014 they bought Harry, a Hyroc boar to compliment the Andarl Farm sows. Harry was bred by Hermitage Genetics in Kilkenny and is a cross between a Duroc and a Pietrain. The fat and lean characteristics of this meat results in a density that gives Andarl Farm meat its name: Velvet Pork.
Harry photobombing the Spice Girls
They soon found they had a bit of a backlog of pigs, weight ready but with nowhere to go. They asked Michael Webb the owner of the abattoir where they kill their pigs if he had any interest in taking a few for his Castlerea shop. He took a pig that first week and has been buying them since. A few weeks later I met Dave and Di at a Mayo Food Producers meeting and we started selling their pork in De Búrca's. They supply Mark's Meats in Dunmore and Ryan's Food Emporium in Cong. Sheridan's in Galway sell the pork products they have developed in the last few months: dry cured rashers, gammons, sausages and Pork and apple burgers. Award winning restaurants such as: Flanagan's in Brickens, Bar One and Rua in Castlebar, The Hungry Monk in Cong and Araby in Claremorris feature Andarl Farm pork on their menus. Dave and Di are also at Boyle Farmer's Market every Saturday from 10am to 2pm.
They both really care about their pigs and it shows in the final product. I asked Dave does he ever struggle with that journey to the abattoir. He said 'I do and I don't' in the sense that the overriding feeling he has is one of pride. Pride that he and Di have done their best for their pigs and reared them to standards that results in very happy healthy pigs that lead lives according to their natural instincts. They prefer to use the small abattoir in Castlerea because they find it to be a quiet gently process that doesn't lead to stress for their animals. The care taken at every stage is evident in the wonderful flavour and texture of the pork and this is why the customers for Andarl Farm Velvet Pork are growing on a daily basis.
DATE TO REMEMBER: Dave and Di from Andarl Farm will be at De Búrca's Butcher Shop for a food demonstration of their pork and pork products on Friday 31st July 2015 from 11am to 2pm.
The Humble Spud
July 22, 2015 / De Búrca Traditional Butcher Shop	/ Leave a comment
I get annoyed when people dismiss certain vegetables out of hand as 'fattening'. I spoke with a lady the other day who said she couldn't eat potatoes because they had too many 'empty carbs' and she questioned 'what's in them anyway?' Firstly, you don't have to eat potatoes for breakfast, lunch and tea. Secondly, we could all learn to shown some restraint with portion size. But to rule out an incredibly nutritious vegetable altogether I think is wrong – especially one that has such a strong history with this country to the point where it has become synonymous with Ireland.
How the potato got to Ireland in the first place is a bit of a mystery. Sir Walter Raleigh, Sir Francis Drake and John Hawkins have all been credited with introducing the tuber into Europe. The usual story for Ireland is that Sir Walter Raleigh brought it here when he was came to help suppress the Desmond Rebellions between 1579 and 1583. However, there is absolutely no evidence to support this dating from that time in any of the Raleigh-related estate records. Some evidence comes in the form of hearsay some 100 years later through the minutes of a Royal Society meeting held 13th December 1693 when it's president Sir Robert Southwell (1635-1702) stated that his grandfather had 'brought potatoes into Ireland who had them from Sir Walter Raleigh after his return from Virginia'. This may or may not have been the case. There does seem to be a connection with Spain however as an early name for potato was An Spáinneach. A likely scenario is that the first potatoes reached us from Spain via commercial trading routes.
Either way, Ireland fell in love with the spud. And as a staple food of a country, potatoes weren't a bad option. They were one of the few staples that one could live nutritionally on exclusively which was the case for about 40% of the population in the 1800s. Potatoes are a good source of protein, vitamins and minerals such as iron and zinc, and of course the First World dreaded starch. All was good until 1845 when the potatoes were struck by blight and this, coupled with Ireland's political and commercial practices at the time, resulted in the famine.
When Irish people think of potatoes their eyes often glaze over at the thought of freshly boiled new potatoes and rubbing the thin skins off before eating them with butter, salt and some new onions. Or colcannon, which is one of the most celebrated of Irish potato recipes and one of our favourites. It has all the simple goodness of floury potatoes, kale, milk, butter and scallions – Heaven! Maybe this is what the lady meant when she said that she couldn't eat potatoes as they were fattening. But is there any dish that can evoke an Irish childhood more?
Colcannon
2lb or 1kg of Floury potatoes
400g chopped kale
1¼ cup/ 320ml milk
4 scallions, finely chopped
Boil the potatoes in a large pot until tender. Always start with cold water, never using hot water. Otherwise you will end up with floury outside and a hard middle.
Add 3 tablespoons of butter to a pan over a medium heat. Add the kale and cook until just wilted. This should take about 5 minutes.
Strain the potatoes. Add the milk, butter and scallions to the pot and let simmer gently for 2 minutes to infuse the milk with the scallion. Add the kale and the peeled potatoes to the pot. Mash until smooth.
To serve traditionally, make a crater on top of each portion using the back of a spoon. Add a knob of butter to each crater so that every forkful of colcannon can be dipped into the lake of melted butter.
Published in The Western People 20th July 2015


Our donor spotlight is on Kemin Industries Inc, a company with a global vision, local presence and a supporter of providing affordable housing.
Headquartered in Des Moines, Kemin provides human and animal nutrition ingredients around the world. The company's support of the Polk County Housing Trust Fund has been long, generous and engaging. From financial contributions to the "Combined Campaign for Housing" to their leadership in working to end homelessness, Kemin lives their values of servant leadership.
We caught up with Lauren Burt, the company's Worldwide Communications Manager, for additional insights on the company's servant leadership approach and their corporate culture. She shared how from its beginning in 1961, Kemin has worked relentlessly to discover molecules and create ingredients that improve nutrition and health. In fact, today they have the goal of "improving the quality of life by touching half the people of the world every day with Kemin products and services." Lauren also notes that "affordable housing helps form the foundation for a successful community. Our philanthropic efforts focus on science and general education, affordable housing, disaster relief and creating vibrant communities." The fact that helping a family achieve housing stability has a positive impact on education does not go unnoticed. Students are able to stay in the same school with the same teachers and support groups.
We thank Kemin for their vision, commitment and support of the PCHTF and allowing us to help provide part of their "return to our community and the world" in the form of affordable housing.


Storm Warnings: May be issued when winds of 55-73 miles an hour (48-63 knots) are expected. If a hurricane is expected to strike a coastal area, gale or storm warnings will not usually precede hurricane warnings.
A Hurricane Watch: Is issued for a coastal area when there is a threat of hurricane conditions within 24-36 hours.
A Hurricane Warning: Is issued when hurricane conditions are expected in a specified coastal area in 24 hours or less. Hurricane conditions include winds of 74 miles an hour (64 knots) and/or dangerously high tides and waves. Actions for protection of life and property should begin immediately when the warning is issued.
Flash Flood Watch: Means a flash flood is possible in the area; stay alert. Flash Flood Warning means a flash flood is imminent; take immediate action.
Tornadoes: Spawned by hurricanes sometimes produce severe damage and casualties. If a tornado is reported in your area, a warning will be issued.
All Hurricanes are dangerous, but some are more so than others. The way storm surge, wind and other factors combine determines a hurricane's destructive power.
No real damage to building structures. Damage primarily to unanchored mobile homes, shrubbery, and trees. Also, some coastal road flooding and minor pier damage.
Some roofing material, door, and window damage to buildings. Considerable damage to vegetation, mobile homes, and piers. Coastal and low-lying escape routes flood 2-4 hours before arrival of center. Small craft in unprotected anchorages break moorings.
Some structural damage to small residences and utility buildings with a minor amount of curtainwall failures. Mobile homes are destroyed. Flooding near the coast destroys smaller structures with larger structures damaged by floating debris. Terrain continuously lower than 5 feet above sea level (ASL) may be flooded inland 8 miles or more.
More extensive curtainwall failures with some complete roof structure failure on small residences. Major erosion of beach. Major damage to lower floors of structures near the shore. Terrain continuously lower than 10 feet ASL may be flooded requiring massive evacuation of residential areas inland as far as 6 miles.
Complete roof failure on many residences and industrial buildings. Some complete building failures with small utility buildings blown over or away. Major damage to lower floors of all structures located less than 15 feet ASL and within 500 yards of the shoreline. Massive evacuation of residential areas on low ground within 5 to 10 miles of the shoreline may be required.
Frequently listen to your radio, television or NOAA Weather Radio for official bulletins on the storm's progress.
Portable radio with extra batteries. Most telephones will be out of order or limited to emergency use. The radio -- including NOAA Weather Radio -- will be the best source of emergency information.
Important documents – stored in a waterproof container – insurance policies, medical records, bank account numbers, Social Security card, etc. Also, checkbook, cash, credit cards, ATM cards.
Learn your community's warning signals and evacuation plans.
As a major hurricane, or weather event, approaches, it's vitally important to listen to weather advisories and to be prepared to take action.
Modern weather forecasting provides the opportunity to prepare for a major hurricane days in advance. That's when it is important to: check home emergency supply kits for flashlights (avoid using candles which can be a fire hazard), portable radio and TV, cell phone chargers (especially ones that can be used in an auto to recharge cell phones), extra batteries; adequate food and water for each family members for at least three to five days; get cash (ATM's can lose power during and after a storm); make arrangements for pets; secure yard items; put up window protection; prepare to evacuate early if instructed to do so.
Remain indoors during the hurricane. Don't be fooled by the "eye" or the lull that occurs as the storm center moves overhead. The other side of the hurricane "eye" has winds that will rapidly increase and will come from the opposite direction.
Follow the instructions and advice of local government officials. If you are advised to evacuate, do so promptly. If you are advised to go to a certain location, go there. Don't go anywhere else.
Don't try to cross a stream or pool of water unless you are certain that the water will not be over your knees, or above the middle of your car's wheels, all the way across. Sometimes the water will hide a bridge or part of a road that has been washed out. If you do decide it is safe to cross, put your car in low gear and drive very slowly to avoid splashing water into your engine and causing it to stop. Also, remember that your brakes may not work well after the car has been in deep water. Try them out a few times when you reach the other side.


text:
HOPE Channel TV Germany celebrates 5th birthday
Bern, February 28, 2014. [CD-EUDNews – SdH News]. On March 1, 2014 Hope Channel Germany, a branch of the Media Center of the Inter-European Division (Stimme der Hoffnung), celebrates its 5th Birthday. Five years of Christian TV, 24 hours every day! The
February 28, 2014 | SdH News - CD-EUDNews
Bern, February 28, 2014. [CD-EUDNews – SdH News]. On March 1, 2014 Hope Channel Germany, a branch of the Media Center of the Inter-European Division (Stimme der Hoffnung), celebrates its 5th Birthday. Five years of Christian TV, 24 hours every day! The service, which will be broadcast live at 10:30 (CET), is planned to be a thanksgiving occasion for the past five years. The motto of the German television station "Interested in life," is the special focus of the event.
Ralf Schoenfeld, presid
ent of the Seventh-day Adventists in the region of Lower Saxony and Bremen invites in his sermon to have an encounter with the person of Jesus. Jesus has repeatedly turned to people, hence the o
rientation of HOPE Channel.
"We want to meet people where they are. Provide answers to questions of life and continue to tell the good news. The numerous positive feedbacks in the past few years have shown us that this is possible and our work is a blessing for many people. We are so grateful for this." declared Jörg Varnholt, head of the HOPE Channel TV newsroom. "We are excited to see what God has in store for us for the future and want to thank all the viewers for their loyal support."
About 170 guests from different sectors of society such as politics, media, and representatives of church institutions are expected.
HOPE Channel is part of the German media Center Stimme der Hoffnung (Voice of Hope) based in Alsbach. The aim of the Media Center is to provide orientation in relevant topics of everyday life and to encourage people to personally study and understand the Bible and the Christian faith.
The work of the Media Center Stimme der Hoffnung is largely funded by donations. The Center belongs to the Seventh-day Adventists Church, a worldwide organisation present in over 208 countries with more than 18 million members in over 70,000 communities.


Major told Eric that he had to leave before 2:30.
Marie is a bit tipsy.
Vincent and Theo gave me that.
Jimmy made enough sandwiches to feed everyone.
Gypsy does do some goofy things from time to time.
Aren't you worried that Monica might get injured?
We're not even sure Sonny is guilty of anything.
Scot was very angry at James.
Hiroyuki is soft-spoken and polite.
Josh says he doesn't know how to do that.
Dominic has been sleeping in my garage.
Brent and Deb were talking about the weather.
I wish Betty were here to help us.
Adam left three hours ago so he should've arrived by now.
Mahmoud folded the map and put it back into the glove compartment.
Drew's behavior never ceases to surprise me.
Randy made Pete carry his suitcase.
Lonhyn hasn't moved for over an hour.
Nichael didn't know how lucky he was.
Galen could tell Michelle had a lot on her mind.
I thought Alastair still loved me.
Bjorne was never convicted of the crime.
Jerald never signed the contract.
Lar should go to see Kate in the hospital this afternoon.
Everyone knows that Shean has a thing for you.