text:
Gondwanaland ist die 16.500 Quadratmeter große Riesentropenhalle im Zoo Leipzig. In der nach Gondwana, dem Urkontinent auf der Südhalbkugel, benannten Halle werden bei Temperaturen von 24 bis 26 °C und einer Luftfeuchtigkeit von 65 bis 100 Prozent etwa 100 Tierarten sowie 17.000 tropische Pflanzen gezeigt.

Geschichte

Konzeption und Bau

Der Bau der größten Tropenhalle Europas, die dem Besucher die Einheit der Kontinente Asien, Südamerika und Afrika in der erdgeschichtlichen Entwicklung vor Augen führen soll, war ursprünglich in der Mitte des Zoos geplant, etwa zwischen Nashorn- und Kiwara-Savanne im Scheitelpunkt der Themenbereiche Asien, Afrika und Südamerika. Diese Planung wurde verworfen und das ehemalige Betriebsgelände der Kammgarnspinnerei  an der Pfaffendorfer Straße am östlichen Rand des Zooareals als Baugrund gewählt.

Aus dem im April 2006 ausgeschriebenen Wettbewerb für die Halle, an dem sich 17 Bewerber beteiligten, ging zunächst der Entwurf von HPP Hentrich-Petschnigg & Partner aus Düsseldorf als Sieger hervor. HPP hatte bereits 2002 das Zoo-Parkhaus entworfen. Im Verlauf der zweiten Auswahlphase entschied man sich dann jedoch für den zweitplatzierten Entwurf von Martin Henchion (* 1967) und Klaus Reuter (* 1964) vom Büro Henchion+Reuter Architects Dublin und Berlin. Eine Arbeitsgemeinschaft aus der OBERMEYER Albis-Bauplan GmbH Chemnitz (Entwurf), Eisenloffel Sattler + Partner Berlin (Tragwerksplanung), Fachleuten des Zoos und dem Architektenbüro Henchion+Reuter wurde mit der Planung des Baus beauftragt. Der Stahlbau wurde von der Eiffel Deutschland Stahltechnologie GmbH aus Hannover ausgeführt.

Der Entwurf umfasste ein Baufeld von 2,7 Hektar, wovon 1,65 Hektar von der Tropenhalle mit dem Grundriss eines Reuleaux-Dreiecks eingenommen werden. Die Dachform eines Kugeldreiecks ermöglichte ein großes Gebäudevolumen und eine erhebliche Höhe (ca. 36 Meter Firsthöhe in Dachmitte), aber auch eine Anpassung an die Nachbarbebauung durch Reduzierung der Traufhöhen auf 10,1 Meter an den drei Ecken. Am Hochpunkt in Mitte der Längsseiten ragt das Primärtragwerk 17,2 Meter über das Straßenniveau hinaus. Es ist über 154 Meter frei gespannt und hat trotzdem eine Konstruktionshöhe von nur 1,4 Metern. Die lichte Höhe in der Halle beträgt bis zu 34,5 Meter (in Hallenmitte).

Nach langen Vorbereitungen, einer Asbestsanierung der Fabrikgebäude sowie Einigungen in Sachen Denkmalschutz und Desensibilisierung der Zootiere, wurde der Industrieriegel der Fabrik am 24. Februar 2007 gesprengt. Für die Sprengung wurden von der Thüringer Sprenggesellschaft 400 Bohrlöcher angelegt und insgesamt 150 Kilogramm Sprengstoff darin platziert. Der Großteil der angefallenen Bauabfälle wurde dem Recycling zugeführt und später wieder verwendet. Als Glücksfall für den Zoo erwiesen sich die geringen Mengen an Altlasten. Nachdem der Bauschutt größtenteils beseitigt worden war, begann die Einebnung und Vertiefung der Baugrube.

Am 28. November 2007 fand der symbolische erste Spatenstich statt, an dem unter anderem Zoodirektor Jörg Junhold und Oberbürgermeister Burkhard Jung teilnahmen. Die Grundsteinlegung fand Ende 2007 statt. Die Tiefbauarbeiten begannen schließlich im Mai 2008. Ab Mai 2009 erfolgte die Montage der Dachträger. Seit Juli 2009 liefen die Tiefbauarbeiten zur Errichtung der rückwärtigen Tierhaltung des Gondwanalandes, die auch als Quarantänebereich Verwendung findet. Der Bau wurde im Januar 2010 fertiggestellt. Am 30. Oktober 2009 wurde in Anwesenheit von 600 Gästen das Richtfest der Halle mit der Fertigstellung des Primärtragwerks gefeiert. Im Winter 2009/2010 begannen die Bauarbeiten am Sekundärtragwerk. Die komplette Dachkonstruktion inklusive Folienkissen wurde im Juni 2010 fertiggestellt. Im Juli 2010 begann der Innenausbau der Halle, im Februar 2011 wurden die ersten Pflanzen gesetzt, im Mai zogen die ersten Tiere in die Gehege ein.

Im Jahre 2007 wurde die Bausumme für die Halle auf etwa 49,5 Millionen Euro beziffert. Wegen der drastisch gestiegenen Stahlpreise musste dieser Betrag 2008 um etwa 10,5 Millionen Euro, 2010 durch die Insolvenz einer maßgeblich beteiligten Baufirma um weitere 6 Millionen Euro nach oben korrigiert werden. Die Finanzierung der Halle konnte trotzdem gesichert werden. Insgesamt wurden etwa 66,8 Millionen Euro investiert, davon trugen rund 32 Millionen der Freistaat Sachsen, 11,5 Millionen die Stadt Leipzig und über 23 Millionen der Zoo selbst. 1,6 Millionen Euro kamen durch Spenden und Tierpatenschaften zusammen.

Eröffnung

Eröffnet wurde die Tropenhalle Gondwanaland am 30. Juni 2011 durch Sachsens Ministerpräsidenten Stanislaw Tillich und Leipzigs Oberbürgermeister Burkhard Jung mit der symbolischen Übergabe einer Machete an Zoodirektor Jörg Junhold, mit der er daraufhin das Band durchtrennte. Anschließend feierte der Zoo mit 1500 geladenen Gästen – unter ihnen Sachsens Sozialministerin Christine Clauß, die Gruppe Die Prinzen und der Minister für Tourismus, Kultur und Umwelt des malaysischen Bundesstaats Sabah YB Datuk Masidi Manjun – die Fertigstellung des größten und kostenintensivsten Projekts des seit Ende der 1990er-Jahre verwirklichten Konzepts Zoo der Zukunft.

Seit dem 1. Juli 2011 ist Gondwanaland für alle Zoobesucher zugänglich. Verantwortlich für die Tropenhalle ist seitdem der Schweizer Zoologe und Seniorkurator Fabian Schmidt, der Sohn des ehemaligen Direktors des Zoos von Frankfurt am Main, Christian R. Schmidt.

Aufbau und Themenbereiche
Der Haupteingang der Halle mit einem Foyer liegt an der Pfaffendorfer Straße direkt neben dem Wirtschaftseingang des Zoos. Vom Gelände des Zoos selbst erreicht der Besucher die Halle über ein Eingangsgebäude an der Südwestecke der historischen Raubtierterrassen aus dem Jahre 1929 (ein Teil dieser Anlage musste zu diesem Zweck abgebrochen werden). Über eine Brücke über der Parthe bewegen sich die Besucher durch eine Schlucht, deren Ostseite einen vertikalen Garten bildet und tauchen immer tiefer in die Vegetation ein, um schließlich den Zugangstunnel zu erreichen. Dieser hat nicht nur zuführenden Charakter – er enthält auch einen Pfad der Evolution, wo dem Besucher in einer Nacht- und einer Tagtierabteilung Lebewesen präsentiert werden, die als "lebende Fossilien" gelten.

Dazu zählen unter anderem:
 Schützenfische, Lungenfischarten dreier Kontinente (Afrika, Südamerika, Australien), Rote Kongosalmler, Spritzsalmler, Rotaugen-Moenkhausia, Langbärtige Schwielenwelse, Australische Perlmutter-Regenbogenfische, Zwergregenbogenfische, Gefleckte Knochenhechte
 Glattrücken-Schlangenhalsschildkröten, Komodowarane
 Kowaris, Tüpfelbeutelmarder oder Quolls und Zwergplumploris. Auch das durch die Medien bekannt gewordene Nordopossum-Weibchen Heidi war hier beheimatet. Nach dem Tod des letzten Tieres im April 2012 ist diese Art nicht mehr im Bestand des Zoos vertreten.

Den Ausgangspunkt für den Rundgang in der Tropenhalle bildet ein "Pfahlbaudorf" im Urwald. Der Besucher hat die Möglichkeiten, von dort die Halle zu Fuß oder im Boot zu erkunden. Der als Urfluss gestaltete 390 Meter lange Bootskanal erhielt zu seiner Flutung am 5. Mai 2011 den Namen "Gamanil", gebildet aus den Namen der größten Flüsse Asiens, Südamerikas und Afrikas, Ganges, Amazonas und Nil. Dort bewegen sich an einer Endloskette 12 Boote mit jeweils 16 Sitzplätzen; der Rundkurs in dem 1,20 bis 1,50 Meter tiefen Wasser beginnt mit der 4½-minütigen Durchquerung eines unterirdischen Tunnels. Nach diesem dunklen Höhlenbereich, in dem multimedial die Entstehung des Urkontinents Gondwana inszeniert wird, verlassen die Boote die Höhle durch eine Grotte und tauchen ein in den tropischen Regenwald. Die insgesamt 11 Minuten dauernde Bootstour führt weiter durch die drei Kontinentenbereiche der Halle. Von der Wasserfläche aus haben die Besucher freien Blick auf Flora und Fauna des Regenwaldes.

Es gibt verschiedenste Wege: Erdpfade, steinige Wege durch Felsen, Sandwege oder auch Pfade durch dichte Vegetation. Ein Bestandteil des Rundweges ist ein über 90 Meter langer "Baumwipfelpfad" in 12 Metern Höhe, der sich zwischen Urwaldriesen und einer Felswand wie ein Spinnennetz durch den Dschungel spannt. In jedem Kontinentbereich ist es zudem durch tieferliegende Gräben und Tunnel möglich, Tiere auf Höhe der Wasseroberfläche, am Boden sowie durch Aquarien auch unter Wasser zu beobachten. Im Gondwanaland gibt es außerdem einen zehn Meter hohen Wasserfall.

Abgesehen vom Baumwipfelpfad, der nur über Hängebrücken zu erreichen ist, wurden der Rundweg und die Boote barrierefrei geplant und sind auch für Rollstuhlfahrer zugänglich.

Neben einem Souvenirladen besitzt die Halle auch ein Restaurant und einen Veranstaltungsbereich für Feiern und Tagungen.

Der Tierbestand der einzelnen Kontinentbereiche der Halle:

Asien:

 Riesenguramis, Brassenbarben, Diamantbarben, Kaiser-Schlangenköpfe, Rotband-Schlangenköpfe, Haiwelse, Schwarze Fransenlipper, Sumatrabarben, Hengels Keilfleckbarben
 Schwarzgepunktete Winkerfrösche
 Komodowarane (größte Waran-Art der Welt), Tempelschildkröten, Borneo-Flussschildkröten, Strahlen-Dreikielschildkröten, Braune Landschildkröten, Papua-Weichschildkröten, Sunda-Gaviale
 Runzelhornvögel
 Schabrackentapire, Fischkatzen, Zwergotter

Afrika:

 Marienbuntbarsche
 Lehm-Riedfrösche
 Strahlenschildkröten, Blaue Bambustaggeckos, Himmelblaue Zwergtaggeckos, Gelbkopf-Zwerggeckos
 Eulenkopfmeerkatzen, Dianameerkatzen, Zwergflusspferde, Kronenmakis und Kirk-Dikdiks

Südamerika:

 Blattschneiderameisen
 Schwarze Dornwelse, Arapaimas, Schwarze Pacus, Langschnauzen-Knochenhechte, Rotflossen-Antennenwelse
 Gelbgebänderte Baumsteiger, Grüner Leguan
 Arrau-Schienenschildkröten
 Riesenotter, Gewöhnliche Totenkopfaffen, Ozelots, Zweifingerfaultiere, Acouchis, Silberaffen, Weißbauch-Zwergseidenäffchen und Weißkopfsakis

Während der Großteil des Tierbestandes in unterschiedlich gestalteten und dimensionierten Gehegen gehalten wird (siehe oben), haben einige Tierarten unbegrenzten Zugang zum Luftraum, den Wasserflächen und dem Urwaldboden.
Dazu zählen bislang:

 Gottesanbeterinnen
 Korallenfinger-Laubfrösche, Färberfrösche, Gestreifte Blattsteiger, Rote Tomatenfrösche, Siamesische Braunfrösche, Gewächshausfrösche, Hornlappen-Ruderfrösche, Kleine Winkerfrösche, Goldbaumsteiger, Rotaugenlaubfrösche, Zweifarbige Pfeilgiftfrösche, Mitchells Riedfrösche und Reisfrösche
 Bahamaanolis, Blaukopfanolis, Weißlippenanolis, Grüne Leguane, Grüne Wasseragamen, Stirnlappenbasilisken, Madagaskar-Taggeckos, Aldabra-Taggeckos, Pfauenaugen-Taggeckos, Goldstaub-Taggeckos, Pasteurs Taggeckos und Zwerg-Streifengeckos
 Straußwachteln, Gelbe Pfeifgänse, Kleine Amazonasenten, Radjahgänse, Afrikanische Zwergenten, Kleine Kubafinken, Jacarinifinken, Sonnenrallen, Zweifarben-Fruchttauben, Madagaskarweber, Rotohrbülbüls, Schamadrosseln, Hartlaubturakos, Kragentauben, Pagodenstare, Maskenkiebitze, Mähnenibisse, Schuppenkopfrötel, Venezuela-Blaukehlguane, Halsbandlieste, Mohrensumpfhühner und Schwefelmaskentyrannen
 Vietnam-Inselflughunde

Damit die Tropenhalle neben einem abwechslungsreichen Bestand an Klein- und Großtieren auch in botanischer Hinsicht große Vielfalt bietet, wurden im Jahr 2009 insgesamt 131 Großbäume (Höhe 6 bis 12 Meter) aus Spezialgärtnereien in Florida und Südostasien importiert und mit Spezialcontainern auf dem Seeweg nach Rotterdam gebracht. In Spezialgärtnereien wurden die Pflanzen an die geringere Sonneneinstrahlung in Mitteleuropa gewöhnt und im Spätherbst 2010 in die Halle verpflanzt. 415 Bäume bzw. Pflanzen sind mittelgroße Gewächse (3 bis 5 Meter), der Großteil der tropischen Vegetation besteht jedoch aus kleinen Gewächsen, insgesamt finden sich 16.000 Exemplare in 500 Arten in der Halle.

Klimatechnik

Die tropischen Pflanzen und Tiere verlangen nach ganzjährig gleich bleibenden Temperaturen und Luftfeuchtigkeit. Zu diesem Zweck wurde ein System aus Heizungs- und Kühlanlagen installiert, das zum Teil auf Fernwärme und zum Teil auf Energierückgewinnung basiert. Ein Teil der Energie wird aus Solaranlagen auf dem Dach bezogen. Der Wasserverbrauch wird partiell durch aufbereitetes Regenwasser gedeckt. Die Halle ist mit einer sphärischen, formaktiven Stabwerkskuppel überdacht. Dabei sind zwei Ebenen übereinander angeordnet. Außen liegt ein stahlsparendes Primärtragwerk im Dreiecksraster, von dem aus mit Rohrprofilen ein filigraneres auf einem Vierecksraster basierendes Sekundärtragwerk abgehängt ist. Das Sekundärtragwerk bildet auch die Entwässerungsrinnen, die von einer umlaufend angeordneten Hauptentwässerungsrinne ergänzt werden, welche das Regenwasser zur Weiterverwendung in Tanks leitet. Der Abstand zwischen Primär- und Sekundärkonstruktion beträgt etwa 1,8 bis 3,5 Meter.

Die rund 17.900 m² große Dachhaut bilden 411 pneumatisch vorgespannte ETFE-Folienkissen. Diese bestehen jeweils aus drei Folienlagen in deren Zwischenräumen mittels Druckluft ein Überdruck von 250 Pa aufgebaut wird, der die Folien zu einem Zweikammer-Kissen formt und so vorspannt und stabilisiert. Für Schneelasten kann der Druck auf 800 Pa erhöht werden. Die Kissen sollen eine optimale Wärmedämmung garantieren und gleichzeitig den vollen Lichteintritt einschließlich ausreichender UV-Strahlung in den Raum darunter aufrechterhalten. Damit das Dach schneefrei bleibt, können sie auch erhitzt werden.

Zur Aufrechterhaltung einer konstanten Temperatur wird die Halle bei Erfordernis im Sommer durch Lufttausch gekühlt und im Winter beheizt. Zwei Hauptlüftungsanlagen sollen eine Überhitzung der Halle vermeiden. Bei Temperaturen über 28 °C öffnen die Dachfenster, warme Luft entweicht nach außen und kühlere Außenluft strömt über steuerbare Lüftungslamellen in der Fassade nach. Wird der natürliche Luftstrom zu gering, schalten sich seitlich eingebaute Ventilatoren ein, diese sind für eine Luftmenge von 600.000 Kubikmetern pro Stunde konzipiert. Außerdem verfügen die Lüftungsanlagen über eine Wärmerückgewinnung. Dazu wird über eine als Baumriese getarnte Betonsäule
die heiße Luft unter der Hallendecke abgesaugt und über eine Wärmepumpe in einen 100 Kubikmeter großen Erdwärmespeicher eingespeist.

Um die hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit zu erreichen, wird an den Lüftungseinlässen Wasser versprüht. Der große Wasserfall sorgt für die Basisbefeuchtung. Zur Befeuchtung dient hauptsächlich Regenwasser, das in vier Zisternen mit 588 Kubikmetern und zwei Tagestanks mit je 30 Kubikmetern gesammelt wird.

Literatur
 Tropenerlebniswelt Gondwanaland. (Leipziger Blätter, Sonderheft), Passage-Verlag, Leipzig 2011, ISBN 978-3-938543-95-5
 Gondwanaland. Leipzigs einzigartige Tropenwelt. 40-seitige Verlagsbeilage der Leipziger Volkszeitung vom 30. Juni 2011
 Diethard Kiehn, Jan Mehnert: Urkontinent als Erlebniswelt. Riesentropenhalle Gondwanaland im Zoo Leipzig. (PDF; 4,2 MB) In: Umrisse – Zeitschrift für Baukultur, 11 (2011) H. 1, S. 39–44,

Weblinks

 Website des Leipziger Zoos zum Gondwanaland

Einzelnachweise

Zoo Leipzig
Bauwerk der Moderne in Leipzig
Künstliche Tierbehausung
Wikipedia:PuB/Bautyp
Bauwerk aus Kunststoff
Erbaut in den 2010er Jahren
Kuppelbauwerk


text:
Deadly Little Voices (A Touch Novel) (Paperback)
By Laurie Faria Stolarz
Disney-Hyperion, 9781423134978, 368pp.
Hardcover (12/6/2011)
List Price: 8.99*
CAMELIA HAMMOND thought her powers of psychometry gave her only the ability to sense the future through touch. But now she has started to hear voices. Cruel voices. Berating her, telling her how ugly she is, that she'd be better off dead. Camelia is terrified for her mental stability, especially since her deranged aunt has just moved into the house. As if all of that weren't torturing enough, Camelia's ex-boyfriend, Ben, who has similar psychometric abilities, has started seeing someone else. Even her closest friends, Kimmie and Wes, are not sure how to handle her erratic behavior.
With the line between reality and dream consistently blurred, Camelia turns to pottery to get a grip on her emotions. She begins sculpting a figure skater, only to receive frightening premonitions that someone's in danger. But who is the intended victim? And how can Camelia possibly help that person when she is on the brink of losing her own sanity?
Laurie Faria Stolarz (www.LaurieStolarz.com) is the author of all the books in the Touch series, Deadly Little Secret, Deadly Little Lies, Deadly Little Games, Deadly Little Voices, and Deadly Little Lessons, as well as the highly popular "Blue Is for Nightmares," "White Is for Magic," "Silver Is for Secrets," Red Is for Remembrance, and Black Is for Beginnings. Her other Hyperion titles include Bleed and Project 17. Born and raised in Salem, Massachusetts, Stolarz attended Merrimack College and received an MFA in Creative Writing from Emerson College in Boston. For more information, please visit her web site at www.lauriestolarz.com
Not Currently Available for Direct Purchase

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Hi guys, hope you are well. We are back with the second article for today and this article will be about Dr. Jart + Ceramidin cream. If you ever thought that this cream is for allergic, it's NOT.
This cream is acting similar to face cream, you used this after facial essence or Dr. Jart+ Ceramidin liquid moisturizer. If you often use makeup and have dry skin, this cream is a good solution for you. I try this cream for about a month and it really moist, without making any problem. The moist last quite long hours about 18 hours.
Will I recommend or repurchase the product? Yes. This is a good product. Dr. Jart+ never failed my dry skin, my skin loves the ceramidin series so much.
A rich and powerful moisturizer infused with ceramides to strengthen the skin's natural protective barrier while delivering a moisture boost. Supercharged with the power of ceramides, this moisturizer quenches dehydrated skin and supports the skin's moisture barrier with time-released hydration for up to 26 hours. It helps prevent chronic water loss and seals in moisture to relieve dryness and irritation caused by environmental stress. It improves the appearance of fine lines, flakiness, and tightness, leaving skin looking and feeling healthier and smoother. This product is formulated without parabens, sulfates, and phthalates. It is good for all skin types—normal, oily, combination, and dry—and safe for sensitive skin.
Use in the morning and night. Apply all over skin after applying Ceramidin Liquid.
Ceramide 3: Provides time-release moisture.
Licorice Root Extract: Soothes and provides anti-redness properties.
Portulaca Oleracea and Aloe Vera: Calm irritated skin and hydrate.
Panthenol: Alleviates signs of sensitivity and softens skin.
Available in size: 15 ml (US$ 23.00) and 50 ml (US$ 77.00). The cream color is light yellow. This is NOT occlusive but cream.
Have you tried Dr. Jart+ Ceramidin Cream? Spill your tea in the comment!


Sheds is offering services from a very long time with a rich history while their products are modernized, updated and of top quality. quality is considered as the trademark of Sheds products and services. Sheds also has a well decorated and aesthetically appealing online website which enhance customer mood and help customers in making a better purchase decision. Sheds website has a creative and simple user interface which improves the buyer's shopping experience. Their website enlists brief details about Sheds products. buyer can also select the top-rated product based on customer reviews. They keep their website updated by regularly uploading Sheds promo codes on their website on daily and weekly basis for the promotion of their products. Sheds has an affiliate marketing program which helps buyers to earn money by attracting potential customer to their online website. Sheds is continuously making efforts to achieve a higher level of customer satisfaction. They launch Sheds sale on different seasons and public events. These sales offers were quite helpful for customers as it enables them to purchase multiple products in bulk quantity at a very low price by availing Sheds discount from the sale. Their website supports secure and easy payments methods which ensure the security and privacy of customer data. Sheds also consider their customer feedback to enhance the quality of their products and services.
Click on this great deal and avail an amazing discount. Discover amazing deals that will save you money, only from Sheds.co.uk.
Enjoy 20% OFF Your Order at this Sheds. What are you waiting for?
Once you miss it, you will always regret it! Make your purchase today using this Sheds coupon.
Click your mouse right now to be the first one to enjoy Sheds coupon. It's waiting for you to come and save.
Click on this great deal and avail an amazing Sheds coupon code.
Receive huge price discounts during this sale at Sheds. An exciting place for the whole family to shop.
Sale is only available for a limited time! Hot Sheds coupon for a limited time only!
Best Sheds discount for 2018. What are you waiting for?
Spend less on select items when you use Sheds coupon. Buy now, because these are the final days to save.
Everything on sale up to 15% for a limited time at Sheds.
Remember to get this chance! By using this wonderful Sheds coupon, you can receive a real bargain.
Today marks the final day to save! Spend less on select items by using Sheds coupon!
Once you miss it, you will always regret it! Apply Sheds coupon to have the groundbreaking shopping experience.
Check out the steep discounts at Sheds! Thank you for choosing us to help you find the best deals.
For today time only, Sheds is offering bargains at never-before-seen prices. This bargain is guaranteed to make you a happy customer.
It's the best way to buy anything at the discounted price! Supplies running out so get this Sheds coupon while you can.
For limited time only, Sheds is offering great deals to help you save. Apply this coupon code to get the promotion pricing.
Act quickly before this deal is gone! Choose from a wide range of selected goods and receive this Sheds coupon to save more!
Shop now and bring your family a big surprise thanks to Sheds discount!
Sheds is now on sale! Get the deal to save money. Time to get your shopping on.
By using our Sheds coupon, you can get many discount. Get it now or never.
Grab your savings today at Sheds! These bargains are guaranteed to make you smile.


Term life insurance usually has a feature built into the contract known as a renewal option or renewal privilege. This usually gives the policy owner the right to renew a term life insurance contract for an additional period equal to the period for which the contract was originally written. You can renew the contract without any additional medical information or medical exams, there is no underwriting on the renewal. Thus, a 5 year term life insurance contract can be renewed for another 5 years, and a 10 year term life insurance contract can be renewed for an additional 10 years, all without providing any proof of insurability. Why is this good?
Let's say that you buy a term life insurance policy, and right before it expires you have a heart attack. Depending upon your age and health, getting a new life insurance policy will be extremely difficult at least, and maybe impossible.
The renewal privilege prevents you from needing a new policy. You can simply renew your existing term policy and the life insurance company can not deny you the coverage.
In contrast to taking out a new policy, the insured does not need to provide any evidence of insurability in order to renew an existing term policy. This is what gives the renewable feature so much value. It is not the value of a "reduced hassle" to extend the contract rather than get a new one, but the ability to retain life insurance coverage no matter how bad the health of the insured person is. The life insurance company must accept the risk and provide coverage as long as the insured is within the allowable age limits.
If you are choosing to renew a term life policy you will not need to answer any medical questions, undergo any kind of blood work, or any type of exam at all. As long as you have made all of your premium payments in a timely enough manner so that your life insurance coverage is not lapsed, you can extend the contract by the length of the renewal period (or until the maximum age, whichever is shorter).
A life insurance company is not required by law to have the renewal privilege included in a policy. In fact, longer length term policies such as 30 year term often do not have a renewable feature. Always ask your agent and read your policy, they can indicate if your coverage is renewable. If it does not expressly grant you the option to renew in your physical printed policy, you probably do not have the renewal privilege as a part of your policy. If you are unsure you can usually call your life insurance companies service line, and they will be able to tell you if you can renew your policy or not.
The amount that you will be covered for will be exactly the same as the amount of the face value of the original contract. In other words, the life insurance company is not allowed to reduce your coverage because you choose to renew the contract for an additional term.
A renewal is usually valid until you reach a certain age. Most contracts are not renewable if the insured person is past the age of 80 (and possibly lower depending upon the contract). If you renew before the 80th birthday, but the length of the coverage is such that it would extend beyond the insured's 80th birthday, the coverage will cease on the policy anniversary which follows the insured reaching the maximum allowable attained age.
Under this provision, the policyowner has the right to renew the policy at the end of each succeeding period of coverage, except that he cannot renew it to extend past the insured's maximum attained age.
The downside of choosing a life insurance renewal is that the cost of insurance is almost certain to be higher than the original level premium. A higher premium is charged at each renewal period as reference by the policy. The cost of renewal is quoted to you in your illustration, and you can ask the life insurance company for a quote on exercising the renewal option or for an inforce illustration. It may also be quoted to you in what is called a "table of renewal premiums".
Premiums sometimes rise quite significantly when you choose to extend coverage through the renewal privilege, so you should always be aware of the cost before deciding to extend your coverage under your existing policy. The reason the price is so much higher is because no underwriting (evidence of insurability) is needed to extend the contract.
The reason that it is much more expensive to renew the policy than the original face is twofold, but one factor has a much more powerful effect on the premium increase than the other.
The policy was written and priced for a certain duration, and a longer term would have resulted in a higher price at the time of issue. This is simply to reflect the fact that the longer someone is covered, and the older they are when the coverage ends, the more likely that the life insurance company will have to pay out a claim. As we get older, our risk of dying goes up. Life insurance policies are priced taking the duration of the coverage length under careful consideration, and a longer coverage period always results in higher premiums.
The reason that the costs rise so sharply is mostly due to the principal of adverse selection. Most people who are in good health when a life insurance policy ends will get a new policy. This is even more so because premiums on new policies are so much less than renewal premiums. Only people who are in the worst health and are likely not insurable would rationally choose to renew their contracts. Because the pool of people who exercise the renewal premiums have an extremely high likely hood of having major health issues (and therefore of dying while insured) the life insurance company must price this pool of people at a higher rate. Even so, the ability to keep coverage at any price is very valuable for uninsurable people.
If you suspect that you may not be able to get a new life insurance policy because of a medical issue, you should be aware of the allowable time in which you can choose to renew your existing policy. Most companies require the decision within 30 days of the expiration of the original term policy, but this can vary by company. Always make preparations to investigate your insurability before you run out of time.
If you are able to get a new policy through underwriting, you will probably want to stick with the new policy because of the lower price. If you are not able to get a new policy, you will want to renew your existing coverage before your right to renew expires. You also do not want to be caught in a situation where you are forced to renew your coverage because you do not yet have a decision from underwriting on a new issue. Always give yourself and the life insurance company plenty of time to assess your insurability for a new policy before your right to renew ends.
You can apply for a new policy while you have existing coverage. Do this plenty of time before your existing policy lapses so that you know if are required to renew your policy. You are not even required to accept the new policy, and many companies will even do an underwriting review before you apply as a courtesy.
Do you need the life insurance coverage at all? Sometimes you may have enough in savings, or you may have other insurance protection which render the policy superfluous in the first place.
How much coverage do you need? Have you looked at no medical exam policies, or at insurers who specialize in underwriting high risk clients?
If you need the coverage, and renewing a policy is your only option, sometimes it is best to pay the higher price. At least your family will have the financial security your policy provides.
Despite the high costs, it should be very clear to you that the option to extend your coverage beyond the intended end date without providing evidence of insurability is extremely valuable. If you are in bad health, this may be the only way to provide financial protection to your family. Be glad that the feature is a part of your contract and use it if you must, but be aware that you are paying a high annual charge for better or for worse.


Once an appliance or site has been repaired and/or replaced, it is usually necessary to restore its settings and data.This is always necessary in cases where BeyondTrust has shipped an entirely new appliance from the factory. The settings and data to restore includes /appliance settings and certificates as well as /login users and configuration. Before restoring any of this, first complete the appliance IP network configuration. Once that is done, remaining /appliance configuration, certificates, and /login settings can be restored remotely as described below.
While logged into a representative console from a geographic region that is expected to route through the restored traffic node, check Status > Connected Clients.
If the value for connected representative consoles increases by one immediately after authenticating to the console, the traffic node is working.
Log into the /appliance web interface of the Secure Remote Access Appliance.
If a Secure Remote Access Appliance certificate is listed, ignore it. This is a standard certificate that ships with all Secure Remote Access Appliances.
CA-Signed Certificate: This has an Issued To field and/or an Alternative Name(s) field matching the Secure Remote Access Appliance's FQDN. If a CA-signed certificate exists, the appliance also has one or more intermediate and/or root certificate(s) listed on the Certificates page.
The version of a particular backup can be found by checking the filename of the backup. By default, BeyondTrust backup file names begin with bomgar followed by the BeyondTrust product release version of the backup, the name of the site which generated the backup, the date on which the backup was downloaded, and the unique ID of the backup file. Check the version of the site to which the backup is being uploaded to by viewing the Product Version field on the /login > Status > Information page.


The Shires Tempest 100g Combo Stable Rug offers additional warmth to the stabled horse in cooler temperatures at an affordable price.
The Shires Tempest 100g Combo Stable Rug features a 100g quilted fill, breathable 210 denier polyester outer material and an integrated neck cover. This rug is ideal for stabled horses through the cooler spring or autumn months. This Tempest Combo Rug features twin breast straps, adjustable cross surcingles, a fillet string and touch close neck fastenings with elastic inserts.
Available in Black/Red; 4ft 0" - 7ft 3"


Economic Times is India biggest daily business newspaper. Economic Times furthermore stood 2nd place in entire world following the Wall Street Journal. Economic Times was commenced in 1961 the daily circulation that has reached over 620,000 copies.
Economic Times is released at the same time from ten Metropoliton Cities- Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Bangalore, Lucknow, Kolkata, Ahemedabad, Hyderabad, Pune & Chandigarh. The firm also posted the Maharashtra Times,Navbharat Times,Filmfare and Femina.
Economic Times major competitors are the United states -based The Wall Street Journal and The united kingdom -based Financial Times, the two of the papers publishes a few worldwide editions.
"The Economic Times" has it's workplaces in Mumbai. ET key articles is actually based on the Indian economy, share market prices,commodities, investment guide, stock recommendations as well as some other news associated to financial. The Founder and Publisher of the paper was P.S. Hariharan.


Comprehensive list of wedding companies servicing Trappe, MD - planners, venues, photographers, djs & bands, bridal wear shops, jewelers & catering supplies.
The Right Light is an Easton, Maryland-based photography studio specializing in portrait and wedding photography. Owned and run by Larry Waldron, the studio has been in the same location for the last eighteen years. You only have to enter the studio to realize that much creativity is put into the photography to give you a wedding album or portrait you will cherish always.
Ambiance-Distinctive Weddings and Events is a wedding and event planning service which supplies distinctive, unique, and one of a kind celebrations. Ambiance coordinates and creates the event that you envisioned and eliminates the stress. We invite you to make Ambiance a part of your event!
In the weddings section can be found photographs of 6 weddings showing a range of shots from preceremony, the ceremony and reception. The art photography covers landscapes, shots of skipjacks from the Chesapeake Bay area, schooners, infrared film landscapes, and abstract photoshop manipulated work.
Custom cakes from scratch for weddings, bridal showers, anniversaries, parties, and other events on Maryland's Eastern shore.
H aving trouble finding the unique invitations you that had envisioned? C onsider having something custom-designed especially for you! W e design, create and then make-by-hand your ideal wedding & event invitations, favors, and correspondence. Our artists and designers work with the client one-on-one to design the best paper art for whatever the special occasion may be.


IMI offers a range of services to optimize glass coatings in both the architectural and consumer markets.
Modern low emissivity coatings on architectural glass windows block and reflect heat radiation while allowing visible light to pass. This enables building owners to save energy on heating and cooling building interiors, while still maintaining bright natural illumination.
IMI uses high-throughput physical vapor deposition (PVD) method and advanced optical modeling capabilities to optimize low emissivity coatings for high performance and aesthetics. IMI's research and services on new material systems discovery enable future window coatings with significantly enhanced energy-saving potential and optimal aesthetics.
Thin film electrochromic materials optimize energy management by allowing windows to be interchanged and adjusted for the illumination and heat load passing through each window. IMI's high-throughput PVD deposition platform and optical and electrical test suite uses material innovation to enhance thin-film switchable window technology.
Scratch resistant protective coatings protect counter top glass, windows, smart phones, or any glass product from mechanical damage due to varying exposure. IMI's research and materials understanding services on advanced ceramics and alloys will enable new transparent scratch resistant material coatings.
Anti-reflective coatings use optical multi-layer thin film systems to reduce reflection on outdoor and indoor displays. These coatings provide a better user experience while compensating for environmental reflection. IMI's advanced optical models and high-throughput PVD material exploration methods optimize low reflective coatings.


A charming and poignant interview with Gubernatorial hopeful, Bruce Lisman. Bruce talks about his candidacy, inspired by a strong sense that the State has been moving in the wrong direction politically, embracing misguided policies and spending irresponsibly. He discusses his vision for economic development, supporting local businesses with roots in the communities. Bruce stresses his background as a native Vermonter and business owner, and he highlights the values he would bring to the office, all the time conveying his candid warmth and good humor.


text:
Tehran, Moscow seek to trade in national currencies
January 9, 2012 by Mezzo
TEHRAN: Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and his Russian counterpart Dmitry Medvedev in a phone conversation on Thursday emphasized on using national currencies in bilateral trade in a bid to give a boost to their economic ties, Mehr News Agency (MNA) reported.
They also stressed on removing dollar from the two-way transactions.
The two sides also pushed for finalising the memorandum of understanding (MOU) which was signed by leaders of the five countries attending the third Caspian Sea Littoral States' summit in Baku, Azerbaijan, on Nov 18, 2010 to boost security cooperation among their states.
The MOU underlines that the Caspian Sea littoral states should help maintain security of shipping and navigation in the lake.
Iranian Foreign Minister Ali-Akbar Salehi has said that the value of trade ties between Iran and Russia can reach US$10 billion annually.
Salehi said that the current volume of Iran-Russia trade falls short of their potential, said that report.
"The two countries can cooperate more in the political, economic, trade, and cultural areas, oil and gas, and construction of power plants to raise the value of bilateral trade to $10 billion dollars a year," he was quoted as saying. – Bernama
Malaysia-India trade set to reach US$11 Billion We are not affected by the Global Economy – Iskandar Malaysia BREAKING: Iran Test Missiles in Strait of Hormuz Asian Currencies Decline as China's Manufacturing Growth Cools Datuk Seri Anifah Aman Delivers Malaysia's statement at the UNGA Malaysia and Russia Sign $35 million Missiles Deal
Categories Business, Events Post navigation
Toshiba Excite 10-inch Android tablet – only 0.3 inches thick
Foster The People Live in Malaysia January 2012,


text:
Q: Shared preference max capacity I am going to use SharedPreference to save an array of strings with 30,000 elements.
When I define every SharedPreference class it takes 4KB space of phone storage.
Now the thing which I worry about is that, will it be sufficient for such an array?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


gdi32: Only run the GetGlyphIndices test if Symbol is installed.
Previous message: gdi32: Fix ppem in the case that there isn't an exact height match in the vdmx table.
Next message: gdi32: GetTextExtentPoint and GetTextExtentExPoint behave differently if there's a \n in the string.


We're thrilled to announce the final version of the Sweet website. It's come a long way and we're all very pleased with the results.
Shoutout @Eddie Lobanovskiy for the illustrations and design direction and the whole @unfold team for their part! Comments and feedback welcome as always.
Sweet - Social Marketplace Fueled By Social Loyalty. Welcome to Sweet, where the world runs on Sugar TM, and brands build social loyalty and fans get rewarded for their passionate support.