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Home » Globalization » The State of International Trade
The State of International Trade
One of the business sectors in which my company, Enterra Solutions®, is engaged is port and harbor security. Despite the current recession and the significant impact it has had on shipping, maritime trade remains an essential element of global economic growth ["Trade Protection," by Milan Vego, Armed Forces Journal, November 2008].
"Uninterrupted maritime trade is one of the most critical requirements for national and global prosperity. About 80 percent of the world's trade is conducted by sea. About 4,000 ports and 46,000 merchant ships are engaged in the world's maritime trade. More than 80 percent of the world's trade is conducted by the sea. Ninety percent of the general cargo is carried in containers. About 30 megaports in Europe and North America are key hubs for the world's trade. Seventy-five percent of the world's maritime trade and half of the oil trade pass through a handful of international straits and artificial canals. All maritime countries — and the U.S. is no exception — depend to a large extent on the continuous flow of seaborne trade for the everyday functioning of their economies."
Maritime trade can be interrupted by terrorists or pirates, which is why a lot of attention is given to those subjects. But disruptions in maritime trade are not the biggest challenges facing international trade — that distinction probably goes to protectionism. The recession ushered in a new wave of protectionist sentiment ["The New Protectionism," by Carol Matlack, BusinessWeek, 22 June 2009].
"Developing countries are complaining that multibillion-dollar bailouts and stimulus packages give companies from the industrialized world an unfair edge over rivals from nations that can't afford to be so generous. Smaller countries are now scrambling to defend themselves, and trade barriers are popping up worldwide. Ecuador, for instance, has hiked tariffs on more than 600 categories of imports. Malaysia is limiting the number of ports that can accept inbound goods. And on May 26, Argentina and 15 other countries asked the World Trade Organization to examine whether stimulus and bailouts are industrial subsidies, which under WTO rules could give trading partners the right to retaliate. Such expenditures 'might distort trade and investment patterns for years to come,' says Alberto Dumont, Argentina's WTO representative. … Protectionism is bad news for the global economy. Worldwide trade volume is forecast to contract at least 6% this year, and both WTO chief Pascal Lamy and World Bank President Robert B. Zoellick, a former U.S. Trade Representative, have warned that protectionism could spiral out of control. It's certainly on the rise: A WTO study this spring identified more than 100 trade-restricting measures taken by 30 countries over the preceding six months. 'The danger in this environment is that you get tit-for-tat retaliations, and it serves nobody's interest,' Zoellick told reporters."
America's hands certainly aren't clean in this area. "Buy American" requirements in Washington's $787 billion stimulus package added fuel to the dispute. The logic of protectionism is certainly easy to understand. People want to protect their jobs and the jobs of those around them. When jobs start disappearing, anger and angst rise — and politicians are often recipients of that rising anger. On the other hand, "Buy American" can also hurt some of the very companies the policy was aimed at protecting ["How 'Buy American' Can Hurt U.S. Firms," by Peter Fritsch and Corey Boles, Wall Street Journal, 16 September 2009]. The problem is particularly keen for companies operating near the U.S.-Canadian border.
"On paper, Tom Pokorsky would seem to be a clear beneficiary of the government's $787 billion economic-stimulus package. Mr. Pokorsky runs Aquarius Technologies Inc., a company in Port Washington, Wis., that makes equipment to treat sewage. The stimulus plan earmarks some $6 billion for municipal wastewater projects that are right in his company's sweet spot. But the bill's Buy American provisions — meant to give U.S. companies a leg up on foreign competition — are causing Aquarius and other U.S. companies a lot of grief with both suppliers and clients in Canada. Now that grief has boiled over into a major diplomatic row with the largest U.S. trading partner. Canadian communities angered by perceived American chauvinism have started a Buy Canadian campaign to exclude U.S. bidders from municipal contracts. 'If that sticks, well, there goes 25% of my business,' said Mr. Pokorsky. 'To me, Ontario may as well be Indiana.'"
I suspect there are a lot of companies that could express similar sentiments about international customers. The reason is that today's supply chains can rarely be found within a single country's borders. The article explains the complicated international supply chain by continuing Aquarius' story.
"Trojan Technologies Inc. of Ontario, North America's dominant maker of ultraviolet disinfection equipment for treating sewage, is a key supplier to Aquarius and other companies. Because of the Buy American provisions, Trojan has had to shift production to a plant in Valencia, Calif., a move that has resulted in delays and additional costs being passed on to customers, said Trojan executive Christian Williamson. Trojan is a subsidiary of Danaher Corp., a U.S. conglomerate based in Washington. While some companies have the flexibility to shift production to the U.S., others don't. General Electric Co. assembles complex wastewater-treatment systems in Canada with parts from Europe. U.S. government rules state that projects receiving stimulus funds can use foreign parts so long as they are assembled in the U.S. The analogy used by the EPA: A Toyota made in America is fine, but a Ford made in Canada isn't. Bob Weese, a spokesman for GE Canada, said the group's wastewater-treatment business was having a tough time bidding for contracts with U.S. municipal governments because of the procurement rules. 'The supply chains are so integrated, it is crazy to try to impose a Buy American provision,' he said. 'Some components cross the border four or five times' before they are completed."
The Economist believes that these international supply chains are not as robust as they may seem ["The fragile web of foreign trade,"30 May 2009]. The article focuses on trade relations between America and China.
"It is increasingly hard to tell if some companies are American or Chinese, says Jonathan Woetzel, a China specialist at McKinsey. Consider Cheung Yan, who was until recently China's richest person. With her husband, she set up a firm in California to gather American waste paper and ship it to China to be recycled. Later, she set up paper factories in China to do the recycling. Some of the waste paper is turned into boxes to hold Chinese-made electronic goods that are then shipped to America. Is their business Chinese or American? And does it matter? The recession has severely disrupted trade between America and more or less everywhere else. China's exports to the United States, which had more than trebled between 2002 and 2008, collapsed by more than half between September 2008 and February 2009. The slump in American consumer spending may be causing as much pain for some Chinese exporters as it is for American businesses. But hard times are forcing American firms to look harder for savings, and many are finding these in China. Ever more industries are finding that their supply chains can run through China, says Jimmy Hexter, another McKinseyite and co-author, with Mr Woetzel, of 'Operation China'. Wal-Mart's chief procurement officer lives in Shenzhen. For cheap retailers, not buying goods from China would be suicidal. But as Chinese firms grow more sophisticated, they are selling fancier stuff. China's exports to America of machinery and electrical goods, for example, grew at twice the pace of its textiles exports between 1993 and 2008. For American firms setting up in China, the chief attraction these days is not its cheap labor but its increasingly affluent consumers. In a recent survey of American firms in China by the American Chamber of Commerce there, 63% said they were there to sell to locals, whereas only 9% said they were there to sell things back to America. Procter & Gamble is so well established that many Chinese think its products (such as green-tea-flavored Crest toothpaste) are local brands. GM is doing well in China, unlike at home. American firms are jostling to help China build smart infrastructure and tackle pollution. American business is as deeply entangled with other parts of the world, too. Supply chains criss-cross oceans, letting firms buy whatever they want from whoever makes it most efficiently."
Protectionism is all about saving jobs; but, disrupt supply chains and jobs can also be lost. In addition, protectionist measures hurt consumers. The recession, however, has had other impacts on global trade besides the rise in protectionist measures. Record-setting oil prices had already had an impact on global supply chains when the recession hit. This double-edged crisis caused many countries to look closer to home for both suppliers and customers. I've written before, and still believe, that we will see more regionalism within globalization's larger framework. This regionalization is reflected in the growing number of regional and bilateral trade agreements that are being signed — especially in Asia ["The noodle bowl," The Economist, 5 September 2009 print issue].
"Amid the general gloom, activity on one sort of trade—bilateral free-trade agreements (FTAs)—continues at a feverish pace in Asia. This month, another deal was signed, this time between India and South Korea. The agreement is the first between two of Asia's four biggest economies (India, China, Japan and South Korea). But the stream of FTAs, typically between one large economy and a smaller partner, has become a flood in the past decade. From just six in 1991, their number had increased to 42 by 1999. But almost three times as many have been signed since, bringing the number of such agreements in Asia to 166 by June this year, according to the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Still more—62 at last count—are at various stages of negotiation, including one between Japan and India. China and Taiwan are in talks about a deal, which shows just how deeply FTA fever has taken hold of Asia (trade deals are even used as a way to bridge the gulf between the two Chinas). And apart from bilateral agreements, several countries, including China and Japan, now have signed trade deals with the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN), a regional body."
The magazine doesn't believe that FTAs will accomplish all that their proponents believe they will and, in addition, notes that "bilateral deals come laden with complicated rules about where products originate—rules which impose substantial costs of labelling and certification on firms." The magazine also believes that FTAs undermine the chances of the Doha trade agreement coming into effect ["Doing Doha down," 5 September 2009 print issue].
"As the Doha round of world trade talks languishes, Asia's trading nations say that they cannot afford to sit on their hands and wait for Doha to revive. Better, they argue, to loosen up trade with simpler deals between a couple of countries or, if you are truly ambitious, a handful. … The sorts of deals that are now being signed in Asia, just when multilateral trade desperately needs supporting, are likely to do less for their countries' economies than for the egos of the politicians who sponsor them. Taken as a trend, they amount to a dangerous erosion of the system of multilateral trade on which global prosperity depends. … Bilateral agreements, thus, do not, on the whole, serve as stepping stones to a comprehensive global deal. On the contrary, they both distract governments from the multilateral process and offer cover for politicians' failure to advance it. Moreover, the fear of losing favourable treatment in a bilateral agreement can deter governments from talking tough in multilateral negotiations. … If they truly want Doha to succeed, the bilateralists need first to acknowledge that their own deals are poisoning its chances."
Michael Gerson writes that "there was a time when international trade was the subject of poetry. In "Locksley Hall," Alfred Tennyson '[s]aw the heavens filled with commerce, argosies of magic sails/Pilots of the purple twilight, dropping down with costly bales.'" ["A Humane Trade Reform," Washington Post, 24 July 2009]. Today, Gerson notes, international trade is more often the subject of resentment than respect. He discusses many of the protectionist measures mentioned earlier in this post and concludes:
"All this is politically understandable — and economically insane. With the world experiencing the largest drop in trade volumes since World War II, actions that restrict global trade will delay global recovery. Protectionism is economically self-destructive: Won't American companies eventually want to compete for contracts in India and China? Protectionism is diplomatically self-defeating: Do we really want to pick trade fights with our closest friends, such as Canada and Mexico? Protectionism is outdated: The distinction between foreign and domestic companies is blurred when many use transnational supply chains. And protectionism is unjust: The world's poorest countries are often the most dependent on exports."
Gerson would like to see a more "human trade reform" enacted that favors developing nations — one that helps them break poverty's grip and fosters the emergence of sustainable middle classes. The global economy's future rests on being able to create new consumers in developing countries. He writes:
"Current law is supposed to allow developing nations to export duty-free into U.S. markets. In practice, however, restrictions and limits are placed on imported clothing, textiles, footwear and agricultural products — which are exactly the kind of labor-intensive products that many poor nations produce best. So American tariffs effectively single out the poorest nations for the highest international taxes. On average, these countries pay more than three times the tariff rates of our richest trading partners. One example: According to the Center for Global Development, Cambodia and Bangladesh pay about the same total tariffs to America as do France and Britain — even though those European countries export about 15 times more to the United States. And in 2006, America collected about $850 million in tariffs from Cambodia and Bangladesh, mainly on imported apparel — which is about seven times more than we provided in foreign assistance to those impoverished countries. How to change the system? Kimberly Ann Elliott, a senior fellow at the center, recommends that Congress provide 100 percent duty-free, quota-free access to American markets for 70 of the most vulnerable countries on Earth — ending the discrimination against products produced by the world's poor. There are good humanitarian reasons for this reform, which would help nations suffering from a global recession they did nothing to cause. There are national security justifications: America has a direct interest in promoting economic growth and stability in parts of the world otherwise prone to terrorism, criminal gangs and epidemic diseases. And there is a domestic economic argument. The very products produced by the poor abroad — clothing, shoes, food — are necessities for the poor at home. Our current tariff system is a regressive tax on these goods. The cost of this reform to American manufacturers would be minimal — even under Elliott's proposal, less than 2 percent of American imports would come from the countries granted duty-free, quota-free access. But the effect in those nations could be large. Even if international trade is no longer cause for poetry, it is cause for hope."
David Rockefeller, the former chairman and chief executive of Chase Manhattan Bank, reminds us that trade wars can lead to shrinking international trade and that can be disastrous ["Present at the Trade Wars," New York Times, 21 September 2009]. He writes:
"I lived through the stock market crash of 1929 and the Great Depression that followed it, and I saw that there was no direct cause and effect relationship. Rather, there were specific governmental actions and equally important failures to act, often driven by political expediency, that brought on the Depression and determined its severity and longevity. One critical mistake was America's retreat from international trade. This not only helped to turn the 1929 stock market decline into a depression, it also chipped away at trust between nations, paving the way for World War II. In late 1929, intense protectionist pressure from farm, labor and business groups prodded the Republican-dominated Congress to pass the disastrous Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, which increased rates on imported goods to historically high levels. President Herbert Hoover signed it into law in June 1930, and in doing so raised the prices of more than 20,000 items produced abroad. The results were devastating. Our trading partners retaliated by raising their own tariffs on American goods. From 1929 to 1933, imports from Europe into the United States declined by almost two-thirds and our exports were more than halved. From 1929 to 1934, overall world trade declined by some 66 percent. The tariffs took a toll on the domestic economy as well. When trading partners reciprocated with tariffs of their own, American importers found their goods priced too high to sell, while exporters experienced depressed demand. In both cases, American workers lost jobs. The unemployment rate rose from around 9 percent in 1930 (a bit lower than it is today) to close to 16 percent a year later and a staggering 25 percent in 1933, when Franklin D. Roosevelt took office. We could be at a similar crossroad today. The high level of economic anxiety is, quite understandably, fueling protectionist sentiment and economic nationalism both here and abroad. Quite a few Americans believe that defeating new trade agreements and gutting existing ones would protect American jobs and stabilize our economy. In reality, those actions would be damaging and counterproductive, and repeat the mistakes of the 1930s."
I realize that international trade can be an emotional issue; especially with U.S. unemployment rates pushing double digits. Gerson and Rockefeller, however, are arguing for the victory of reason over emotions. I believe that most Americans understand that their future prosperity is tied directly to the future prosperity of the global economy. We need to encourage our politicians to use a long-view when passing laws that could impact international trade.
Nationalism is Changing the Face of Globalization
Foreign affairs commentator Gideon Rachman (@gideonrachman) reminds us, "Globalization is not just about trade and technology. It is also about politics."[1] He adds, "Political change,
Concerns About Chinese Technology Threats Continue to Rise
Democrats and Republicans don't seem to agree on much; however, they do agree that China is a serious security threat. Following the end of the


The global economy is in a recession and unemployment rates are soaring. But the financial crisis is a mere symptom and not the disease itself, say the authors in this article.
Folk wisdom blames the financial crisis for the recession. But what caused the financial crisis? The savings glut in Asia, says the popular press. A major part of these savings flew into the US financial system. This led to too much money chasing too few opportunities and too cheap credit becoming available in the US. Then why was there so much saving in Asia? And why did this saving flow to the US? The easy answer: Asians simply like to save more, and Americans simply like to consume more. By this logic, all that is needed to fight such recessions in the future is to induce Asians to save less and consume more. That definitely does not sound right.
This paper argues that all these individual phenomena – the savings glut, easy credit, lax regulations, and the financial crisis – are interlinked by a deeper and a central driving force. This force is the sharp increase in world's labour supply due to globalisation. Understanding this development is the first step on the way to recovery.
Technological innovation and globalisation have led to a sharp increase in the developed world's labour supply in the recent past. With the advent of offshore offices and call centres, citizens of developing countries have increasingly joined the workforce of developed countries. Now combine the extra income in these developing countries with the inability of these emerging economies to absorb savings, and the result is a lot of money flowing to the US and the rest of the developed world. With this excess liquidity flowing in and a breakdown of checks and balances at various financial institutions in the US, the stage is set for a financial crisis, which is the first symptom.
Globalisation led to a global competition for investments. Hence it ensured efficient use of resources. In fact, the emerging economies of Asia as a group experienced a growth rate in excess of 7 percent in real GDP over the period 1982-2008.
Combine the extra income in these developing countries with the inability of these emerging economies to absorb savings, and the result is a lot of money flowing to the US and the rest of the developed world.
Another major consequence of globalisation was the emergence of the dollar as the 'world's currency'. What this means is that the inadequate domestic financial systems in emerging economies had the effect of channelling savings into dollar-denominated assets. In order to defend their currencies after the 1997 Asian crisis, most Asian countries started building up dollar reserves as a buffer against future macroeconomic shocks. The result was that the current account surplus of the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China), NIAC (Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan) and ME (Middle Eastern oil exporting countries) countries rose from $4billion in 1996 to $798billion in 2007 – roughly equal to the US current account deficit of $788 billion in 2007.
This excess inflow of foreign investment into US treasuries and mortgage pools from countries like China was what led to cheap financing of government debt and mortgage debt. This, in turn, facilitated lower taxes and cheap home equity loans. Easy loans translated into greater demand for houses and hence rising house prices, i.e., the real estate bubble. Moreover, low taxes and rising house prices made US households feel wealthy. With the availability of easy debt, this spurred an increase in consumption including imports.
To explore this phenomenon further, consider the case of the Oriental Dragon and various macroeconomic interplays.
This excess inflow of foreign investment into US treasuries and mortgage pools from countries like China was what led to cheap financing of government debt and mortgage debt.
China has benefited the most from globalisation. It is one of the most important creditors and trading partners of the US. Adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP), China's economy was 12 percent of the world GDP in 2007, up from 2 percent in 1980. This meteoric rise has been made possible by recent innovations in communications and transport. These innovations have helped open up the services of China's enormous pool of underemployed labour to the western world.
This export-led growth enabled the movement of large segments of China's rural population to the cities. Between 1990 and 2007, China's urban working population increased by nearly 300 million, which is roughly 1.5 times the US working population. This enormous labour supply coupled with China's exports acted like a sudden supply shock to the global economy. A shock of such magnitude is likely to adversely affect some and positively affect others in the short run, even when everyone is better off in the long run. In order to understand these effects, let us dig deeper into the labour shock and the new globalised world.
With the availability of abundant cheap labour in China, a lot of low-skill jobs moved from the US to China. This inevitably meant job losses for certain sections in the US. The other side of the coin was that since the wages paid to these Chinese could be much lower than the wages of those who lost jobs in the US, the employees who retained their jobs in the US would get higher salaries now. In a nutshell, newly hired Chinese and Americans who retained jobs were better off and Americans who were fired were worse off in the short run. In the long run, however, those employees who were fired could be trained and employed in other productive activities. This would increase the productivity and the GDP of the US in the long run. Moreover falling prices due to Chinese production would soften the impact of short-term adversity.
According to the argument we have outlined above, one should expect significant investment in China and increased Chinese exports to the US. In fact, a lot of Foreign Direct Investors (FDIs) in China came from South Korea, Taiwan and Japan, and the Chinese trade surplus with the US increased rapidly. Another interesting phenomena accompanying China's increased income was the increase in savings as a percentage of Income. But Chinese markets could not absorb these savings. So where did these savings go?
The increasing savings from China and other emerging economies flowed into US treasuries and other assets. This abundant capital flow had a two-fold effect. First, it caused an undue downward pressure on real interest rates in the US, and second, it led to gradual appreciation of Chinese currency relative to the US dollar. Artificially low interest rates in the US led to much higher consumption by US citizens despite an increasing current account deficit, while the increasing value of the Chinese yuan threatened China's export-driven boom.
To maintain the competitiveness of the Chinese export sector, the Chinese government intervened to maintain the yuan-dollar exchange rate. This further increased Chinese dollar reserves. After the stock market crash of 2000, this unabated capital flow from China to the US got directed towards safer fixed income instruments and other government-backed investments, such as Government Sponsored Enterprises' (GSE) mortgage pools. The flow of money to securitised mortgage pools helped drive down the cost of borrowing and created record profit years for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. With the decreasing spread on GSE mortgages, investment banks set up their own pools of "private label" mortgages, providing investors a higher yield at seemingly negligible additional risk. This was how the flow of capital funnelled into the US housing market, leading to a housing bubble.
Most economists would agree that China could effectively use its savings in real capital investments domestically rather than in the US. But such investments would not suit Chinese policymakers, carrying as they do the danger of higher consumption growth in cities and perhaps, social unrest in the long run. As long as these sets of issues are not addressed by Chinese policymakers, they will continue to impede the long term sustainable equilibrium.
To sum up, the sudden increase in labour supply from workers in developing countries because of globalisation should have resulted in significant sections of the population in developed countries experiencing a decline in living standards. However, the cheap flow of liquidity created the illusion of wealth among households, sustaining high levels of consumption.
Let us now add other known culprits to the story.
The financial ingenuity of Wall Street further facilitated what was already a crisis in making. During the late 1990s, a flurry of innovations in the mortgage industry enabled otherwise unqualified buyers to qualify for mortgages. Through their financial engineering, Wall Street and credit rating agencies transformed these "subprime" mortgages into Asset Backed Securities (ABS), making it difficult for investors to understand the underlying risk. Given the low rates on alternative investments, investors flocked towards subprime loans, not realizing the potential delinquency levels down the road. Subprime loans increased from $500 billion a year to $1500 billion a year between 2001 and 2005.
The sudden increase in labour supply from workers in developing countries because of globalisation should have resulted in significant sections of the population in developed countries experiencing a decline in living standards.
Money channelled into housing has a bigger price effect than money channelled into other assets. A small amount of money channelled into housing can be leveraged by easily accessible bank loans, resulting in a money multiplier effect on housing prices. The same is not possible for asset classes like stocks where there is no leverage effect in the aggregate. Hence, a relatively modest housing bubble can have more severe real effects than other asset price bubbles.
Residential real estate constitutes a greater percentage of household wealth compared to stocks. Hence, declines in prices of houses could have severe effects on the overall wealth of households. Recovering from recession often involves households moving geographically to seek new and better opportunities. However, the recovery will be more difficult when the recession is associated with a collapse in housing prices. Hence, a housing bubble burst has a much more severe effect than a stock market collapse – the stock market downturn in 2001 led to a shallow recession but the collapse of the housing bubble has led to the worst recession since the Great Depression.
The export-led growth in emerging markets led to an increase in prices of intermediate goods and commodities. The ratio of Producer Price Index (PPI) to Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased sharply from 2005 to 2007, suggesting that there was very limited pass-through of higher prices from producers to consumers. This caused downward pressure on wages in the manufacturing sector.
With this pressure on wages, some subprime households defaulted on their loans, leading to downward pressure on house prices due to foreclosures. Spreads on mortgage-based securities (MBS) tranches started blowing out, putting subprime originators in trouble. Re-pricing of risk dried up availability of teaser rate loans to home-owners with Adjustable Rate Mortgages (ARMs). All this had a downward spiral effect, resulting in dramatically increasing numbers of foreclosed properties in bank inventories.
A number of other countries apart from the US experienced current account (CA) imbalances and extremely low saving rates. Interestingly, every country running a significant CA deficit also suffered a housing bubble and a subsequent crash. These countries now have the mammoth task of stimulating their economy while credibly promising to impose fiscal discipline, and all this, without the benefit of a reserve currency at their disposal.
The fundamental cause of the crisis is the labour supply shock and not the glut in liquidity which is often blamed. A higher savings rate in the debt-laden developed nation and greater capital flows to the developing nation will correct the structural imbalances in global capital flows.
In the US, institutions that allow households to reduce their debt burden and policies that promote household understanding of the public debt would contribute to higher savings. Amongst the developing world, China's export-led growth strategy would be unsustainable in the long run and domestic consumption will have to grow. The world will need to find a better way of handling the influx of millions of rural labourers from China and India into the productive workforce.
There are significant challenges that lie ahead of us. There is trouble brewing in commercial real estate markets. Many regional banks could take a hit due to excessive exposure to bad loans, resulting in further delay in recovery. Additionally, as firms economise in the downturn, there will be increasing outsourcing pressure on them to cut costs. This would only add to the underlying structural problems accentuating the recession. Countries might be tempted to close doors to outsourcing of manufacturing and other activities – while this may provide temporary relief, it will accentuate other structural problems.
The paper, 'Why are we in a recession? The Financial Crisis is the Symptom not the Disease!' was adapted for ISBInsight by ISB alums of the Class of 2009, Rakesh Gupta and Sumit Popli.


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Tags: children's rights
Child rights violations under Aquino government increasing
Anne Marxze Umil October 30, 2012 3 Comments children's rights, SALINLAHI
By ANNE MARXZE D. UMIL
The month of October was declared as National Children's Month, but still the rights of majority of Filipino children are being trampled upon due to poverty, lack of access to basic social services, and child labor, and the alarming increase in cases of rape, sexual assault, harassment, being made as human shields in military operations or paraded as 'child soldiers,' and killings.
Sidebar: Child rights groups slam military for attacks on children
Group raises 'Red Alert' level over worsening child poverty in the Philippines
Marya Salamat October 2, 2012 1 Comment Akap-Bata party-list, children's rights, Filipino children
Group raises 'Red Alert' level over worsening child poverty in the Philippines (Photo by Marya Salamat)
Media, students attend child protection workshop
Northern Dispatch October 2, 2011 child protection, children's rights, NCCT
Northern Dispatch (nordis) Weekly www.nordis.net Reposted by BAGUIO CITY – Media practitioners and journalism students joined the seminar-workshop on child protection organized by The National Council for Children Televisions (NCCT), Philippine Press Institute (PPI) and United Nations International Labour Organization (UN ILO). NCCT Executive Director Frank G. Rivera said the activity aims to forge an…
Counterinsurgency program hit by child rights group
Northern Dispatch September 30, 2011 children's rights, CRC
By ROD TAJON Northern Dispatch VIGAN CITY – Human rights violations among children under Aquino's Oplan Bayanihan only unmasks the program's dreadful character, a child rights group said. Jacquiline Ruiz, executive director of Children's Rehabilitation Center (CRC), an institution providing psychosocial help to children victims of state violence said that these incidents involved military units…
NDFP asks UN Special Representative on Children to look into human rights violations against children in Samar
Ina Alleco Silverio May 6, 2011 child soldiers, children of war, children's rights
by INA ALLECO R. SILVERIO Bulatlat.com A few weeks after the visit of United Nations Special Representative on Children and Armed Conflict Radhika Coomaraswamy in the Philippines, the the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) called on her office to investigate an incident that took place last March 4 in Matuguinao, Samar. According to the…
Suffering What Even Adults Should Not Go Through
Bulatlat Contributors April 15, 2011 children's rights
By JONELLE MARIN
It has been said that children are always caught in the crossfire in a war preventing them from having normal lives. It would have even been better if this was the case, because the following stories are accounts of children who became the target of attacks by the military.
Violations vs Children Continue under Aquino Administration
Anne Marxze Umil April 7, 2011 1 Comment children's rights, GABRIELA, Oplan Bantay Laya, oplan bayanihan, Radhika Coomaraswamy, Salinlahi Alliance for Children's Concern, United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary-General (UN SRSG) for Children and Armed Conflict
"We fear that at the end of Aquino's term, the Arroyo administration's bad human rights record would be approximated, if not surpassed by the AFP,"—Salinlahi Alliance for Children's Concerns
Soldiers Still Target Children
Marya Salamat April 4, 2011 1 Comment Children's Rehabilitation Center, children's rights, Grecil Buya, Oplan Bantay Laya, oplan bayanihan
According to the Katungod-SB report, a soldier acting as team leader interrogated the children, asking them if they have a gun. When the children answered no, the soldier accused them of lying.
Children Hold Rally for Peace Based On Justice
Marya Salamat December 9, 2010 children's rights, CRC, EJK, SALINLAHI
The Children's Rehabilitation Center (CRC) had documented six cases of frustrated killings, four victims of torture, two illegal arrest and detention, two victims of rape and 136 children affected by forcible evacuation during Aquino's first five months in office. In all these cases witnesses tagged state military forces as the perpetrators.
Three Filipino Youth to Perform in Italy
Ronalyn V. Olea November 13, 2010 3 Comments Arcsea, children's rights, edwin quinsayas
By TERENCE KRISHNA V. LOPEZ Bulatlat.com For the third time, the Association for the Rights of Children in South East Asia (ARCSEA), an organization advocating for the rights of children here in Manila is sending young people from urban poor communities to perform in different cities in Tuscany, Italy for an annual event tagged as…
Cases of Abuse of Household Helpers Increasing, Gabriela to Push for Laws for their Protection
Anne Marxze Umil June 11, 2010 Aljane Bacanto, children's rights, GABRIELA, Mariano Tanenglian, Mary Jane Sollano
Mary Jane Sollano, then 13, Aljane Bacanto who was then 16, and Gina Renecia who was then 15, were recruited to work as household helpers. What followed were years of abuse – of being hit with wood, iron bars and chains, heads slammed on walls, being made to endure hunger – for the slightest of reasons.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Google introduces smart contact lens project
elaine January 21, 2014
Google has announced that it has been testing a smart contact lens built to measure glucose levels in tears using a tiny wireless chip and miniaturized glucose sensor that are embedded between two layers of soft contact lens material.
Image credit: Google official blog
According to the feature on Google's official blog, the reason behind this decision lies in finding the best possible solution for measuring glucose levels in patients suffering from diabetes.
Diabetes is a growing problem that affects every 19 people on the planet. Having diabetes is a constant struggle as people who suffer from this condition try to keep their blood sugar levels under control on a daily basis.
Managing diabetes is quite a strenuous matter as glucose levels change frequently even with normal activity like eating or sweating. Sudden drops or spikes are quite frequent and can be dangerous, so constant glucose levels monitoring is a must. Some wear glucose monitors with a glucose sensor under their skin, others must prick their finger and test drops of blood throughout the day.
Scientists have been trying to find better and less painful solutions for managing glucose levels and Google has joined in the efforts to alleviate the daily struggle of diabetes patients.
Google is now testing prototypes of the smart contact lens that are able to generate a reading once per second. Further, the company is exploring the potential of the smart contact lens to serve as an early warning for the wearer, so the next step would be integrating tiny LED lights that would light up each time glucose levels have crossed above or below certain thresholds.
Also, the company has begun discussions with the FDA but the technology is a long way from hitting the market. Google further reveals that they plan to partner up with experts who are in the business of designing, manufacturing and bringing such products to market. These partners will be in charge of developing apps that would make the measurements taken with the smart contact lens available for the user and their doctor.
Google admits that the technology is still underdeveloped and much needs to be done, but multiple clinical research studies have been conducted and hopes are high.
Andon, diabetes, glucose level, glucose sensor, Google, smart contact lens NEWS
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Pete Hegseth Discusses His Twitter Ban: 'I Simply Posted the Words' of the Terrorist
Pete Hegseth Discusses His Twitter Ban: 'I Simply Posted the Words' of the Terrorist
Said the Fox News host and American veteran, 'I served in Iraq and Afghanistan, I've guarded these guys at Guantanamo Bay — I know what they want to do to us'
By PopZette Staff
Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons
Fox News' Pete Hegseth was booted off Twitter over the weekend.
The social media platform closed down his account after the "Fox & Friends" weekend host shared a portion of the Pensacola, Florida, attacker's manifesto, including a section that noted radical Islam was a motive for the acts of violence and destruction.
Last week, Mohammed Saeed Alshamrani, a Saudi aviation student, killed three people at Naval Air Station Pensacola, 20 miles east of the Alabama state line, as Fox News and many other outlets reported.
Related: Naval Ensign 'Died a Hero,' Annapolis Is Mourning Its Tremendous Loss
But Twitter defended the Hegweth suspension, saying it was for "violating company rules" against "threatening or promoting terrorism."
Hegseth said he does not understand his suspension from the platform.
"I simply posted the words of the terrorist who killed three Americans in a terrorist attack," he told Fox News' Tucker Carlson on Monday night on "Tucker Carlson Tonight."
"Yet I'm violating the Twitter policy on terrorism and therefore I am banned?"
"Listen, if we live in a country where we can't know the people who attack us and why they did it, why are we here? Why do we have a First Amendment?"
"And I'm hosting a news program — posting this information."
"Listen, I don't play the veteran card, Tucker. I really don't," Hegseth added. "But I served in Iraq and Afghanistan. I've guarded these guys at Guantanamo Bay. I know what they want to do to us. And if we can't share that with the American people — their true motivations, their hatred for America, their hatred for Israel, Guantanamo Bay's a gulag — then we're gonna get the false narrative of the PC folks in Silicon Valley every single day of the week."
"If they'll ban me, they'll ban everybody."
"So what is the status as of right now?" asked Carlson.
"They've told me that if I delete the tweet, then I can go back on the platform. But if I don't, then I'm gone. Of course I'm not gonna delete the tweet," said Hegseth. "The tweet was simply sharing the manifesto and exposing the motives of this terrorist."
"But if I don't do that, then I don't get to tweet anymore," he added. "It's not the people who have a [public] profile [like me], it's the thousands, the tens of thousands, the hundreds of thousands of Americans who share stuff about radical Islam, which is taboo, who are blocked every single day."
"I mean, Silicon Valley is in bed with defending, under the guise of defending against Islamophobia, anyone who exposes the things that radical Islam is doing — that's what I ran up against here," Hegseth said.
More from LifeZette TV
"Yet there's literally no limit to the things that you can say about Christians or Christianity, and remain on the platform," Carlson point out.
"The double standard is there," agreed Hegseth.
See these tweets — and share your thoughts.
BREAKING: Twitter Bans Fox News Host Pete Hegseth For Sharing Manifesto Of The Saudi Terrorist Who Attacked The FL Military Base
Twitter let mainstream orgs share content that featured the manifestos of the New Zealand & El Paso terrorists to smear Trump https://t.co/cOnm8O7sJ7
— Ryan Saavedra (@RealSaavedra) December 9, 2019
Twitter apparently supports Islamic Terrorists .They Banned Pete Hegseth for posting a screenshot of this Islamic extremest's Twitter page.. Truth is unpopular with Twitter they did not censor the terrorist but they hate the loyal American Journalist Veteran. pic.twitter.com/ahKbGiBswv
— BRIAN 2371 (@Brian2371) December 9, 2019
Chief Justice Roberts Mutters "Okay, Boomer" At the High Court
Senator Blackburn Calls on Presidential Candidates to Recuse Themselves From Impeachment Trial
Ted Cruz Couldn't Help His Trolling Self from Mic-Dropping Pelosi's Impeachment Signing
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You are here: Home / Brewers / Peralta's Major League debut is one to remember
Peralta's Major League debut is one to remember
May 14, 2018 By Bill Scott
Freddy Peralta took a no-hit bid into the sixth inning of his Major League debut, helping lead the Milwaukee Brewers to a 7-3 win over the Colorado Rockies in Denver on Sunday.
Peralta set a Milwaukee rookie record with 13 strikeouts in his first big league win.
Jesus Aguilar and Travis Shaw homered for the Brewers as they took three of four games in the series. The Brewers improved to 24-17 win the win with stops at Arizona and Minnesota ahead.
Colorado starter Jon Gray fanned 10 but gave up six runs over 5 1/3 innings to take the loss. Tony Wolters and David Dahl clubbed home runs for the Rockies, who have now lost five of their last six games.
Peralta struck out five of the first six batters he faced. He was only the fifth pitcher since 1908 to strike out at least 13 batters in his major league debut.
Peralta became the 22nd pitcher used by the Brewers this season. He also became the eighth different pitcher to start a game for the Brewers, after the team had 13 pitchers start games all of last year.
The Brewers have improved to 33-19 on Mother's Day, the best mark in the majors.
The Brewers face the Arizona Diamondbacks tonight. Junior Guerra (2-3, 3.09) goes for the Brewers. Left handed pitcher Patrick Corbin (4-0, 2.12) pitches for the Diamondbacks.
Filed Under: Brewers, Sports Tagged With: Freddy Peralta, Jesus Aguilar, Milwaukee Brewers, Travis Shaw


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HomeColumnsDoc's Journey Into Hammer FilmsHAMMER HORROR: THE WARNER BROS YEARS: On Blu-ray Now
HAMMER HORROR: THE WARNER BROS YEARS: On Blu-ray Now
September 14, 2018 Dr Lenera Doc's Journey Into Hammer Films, Documentary, HCF Reviews 0
Hammer Horror: The Warner Bros Years (2018)
Directed by: Jonathan Rigby
Written by: Jonathan Rigby
Starring: Denis Meikle, Joe Dante, Jonathan Rigby, Veronica Carlson
AVAILABLE ON BLU-RAY: HERE https://diaboliquefilms.com/product/hammer-horror-the-warner-bros-years-blu-ray/
Though it's taken a bit of time for Blu-ray to catch up, Hammer Horror has generally been pretty well served on the home viewing front in my opinion. The majority of the films were available on video and then on DVD, sometimes with decent special features, though Region 1 saw more and often better [generally courtesy of Anchor Bay] releases, meaning that for big fans like myself a multi-region DVD player was essential. Small waves of them have since come out on Blu-ray [though not always to a good reception – anyone reading this remember the ridiculous fuss about the 'finished' special effects shots in The Devil Rides Out?], and recently the floodgates seem to have well and truly opened with featurettes and audio commentaries being almost commonplace. However, the releases of the films that Hammer made in conjunction with Warner Bros in the late 1960's and 1970's have always been lacking special feature-wise, even though in this bunch are some firm favourites of many fans, plus Hammer's most commercially successful horror [Dracula Has Risen From The Grave] and one of the company's most admired [Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed]. This is something that Hammer Horror: The Warner Bros years seeks to correct, as well as to provide an overview of Hammer's place in the film world in its later years and why they went under, and to detail the changing relationship between the little British studio that changed the face of horror in the late 1950's and the big American studio and distributor which for a while was able to give Hammer's movies the widest and most publicised releases since they first broke onto the scene.
Warners distributed some of the early, ground breaking Hammers in the US such as The Quatermass Xperiment, The Curse Of Frankenstein and Dracula [re-titled Horror Of Dracula], but how they came to be involved in not just distributing some of Hammer's films a decade later but also in the development of the actual films was not something I was clear on despite owning several films on Hammer. That's only one reason why I'd just about recommend this documentary to those who know a lot about Hammer and more casual fans alike. Why do I say "just about"? Because 35 dollars is rather a lot of money for one Blu-ray and I'm sure that some who are interested in buying it will have to think about it for a bit. For those of us who've not just watched but read up a lot on Hammer over the years, this new documentary isn't packed full of earth shattering revelations, much of the information being very familiar indeed, but for us rabid fans watching a documentary about films we love can be as warm and pleasurable experience as going back to the films themselves, and there's nothing like hearing stories you may have heard before but actually from the people involved.
A good example of this is when the documentary moves on to Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed, which contains a scene where Peter Cushing's Frankenstein rapes Anna the heroine, played by Veronica Carlson. Even though it makes Frankenstein seem even more evil which helps the film in some ways, the scene seems out of place and the rape is never referred to later. In fact the scene was not in the original script and Michael Carreras [the son of Hammer head James Carreras and pretty much in charge by now] demanded that it be put in when shooting had nearly finished, claiming that the film needed more sex [presumably a proper love scene was out of the question]. I knew all this, but actually seeing Carlson recall the events firsthand, describing with sadness how Carreras stormed onto the set waving script pages at everyone, the reactions of Cushing and director Terence Fisher, and saying how her performance would have been different if the scene had been in the screenplay, put a fresh new spin on it all, while those not familiar at all with this stuff may be surprised considering that these days Hammer Horror has become synomynous with a certain cosiness. And it's also a reminder that, despite the considerable artistry of many of the films, Hammer was first and foremost a commercial outfit, and that the considerable impact of the early Hammers wasn't really down to their quality as films [even if those qualities were considerable] but because they pushed the sex and violence rather further then horror movies – indeed movies in general – had done so before.
After detailing on how Hammer and Warners became partners, the documentary moves onto the films. Of course the non-horror films – Crescendo, Moon Zero Two and When Dinosaurs Ruled The Earth – have far less time devoted to them. In a way this is a shame, as less is known about these then the Dracula and the Frankensteins. Even the awesome guilty pleasure that is The Legend Of The Seven Golden Vampires only gets a few minutes given to it. Even though I was excited to see a few seconds of behind the scenes footage from the production of that film, I would have loved, for example, to have learned a bit about the fabled Hong Kong cut that contains far more fight footage. I don't care how long a documentary is if the subject is of interest to it and it's well presented. The epic ones about the Nightmare On Elm Street and Friday The 13th franchises certainly did not outstay their welcome for me. It's recently come to my attention that Diabolique the makers of this documentary promised those who backed it on Kickstarter extra footage that didn't make it into the main feature. This promise has since been claimed by Diabolique to have been a mistake, which you can either believe or not, but it's certainly rather shady that Diabolique have sold some or all of what they shot to Anolis, a German company who release many of the Hammer films on Blu-ray in that country. Anolis released Taste The Blood Of Dracula a few weeks ago, and guess what? – the 44 minute 'making of' apparently consists entirely of footage from Hammer Horror: The Warner Bros Years, two thirds of it being footage unseen in it but obviously filmed for it or at least alongside it with the same talking heads. I reckon the rest of the unreleased material will soon be seen in Anolis Blu-rays too.
However, don't let all this negativity put you off because there really is a lot of good stuff here, some of which will make Hammer fans grin from ear to ear. A visit to Black Park, the Buckinghamshire location that became almost laughably familiar especially as Hammer tended to film at the same spots, was a major highlight to me, as well as reminding me that I still haven't made the pilgrimage yet. Also wonderful is Taste The Blood Of Dracula's John Carson and Madeline Smith watching the oft-censored brothel scene they were both in together, and then recalling filming it. It was interesting to see director Peter Sasdy speak as I don't think I'd seen him before. He tells an interesting fact about an important part he played in the development of Taste The Blood Of Dracula which I didn't know before but which I won't reveal just in case another Hammer nut is reading this and wants to find out for him or herself. And how the hell does Caroline Munro still look so good? Of course many of the folk involved with these films are no longer with us so the bulk of the talking is done by others, but familiar Hammer scholars Jonathan Rigby [who wrote and directed this, and who's rather too kind to Dracula A. D. 1972 in my opinion but that's just my opinion!] and Denis Meikle are always a joy to listen to. I had no idea that Christopher Frayling, one of my favourite of the movie experts who often crop up in DVD and Blu-ray special features, was also a Hammer lover, and no less than Joe Dante pops up quite often too. If you're a film nut like me then you'll probably agree how lovely it is to see a director you like talk about films you like. And Carlson [one of the many existential questions I grappled with as a younger teenager was who out of the Hammer starlets was 'preferable', Veronica Carlson or Barbara Shelley, and I still don't think I've come to a decision], who seems like a really lovely lady, being given the last word leaves you with such a bittersweet feeling of nostalgia.
Of course sadness does begin to creep up and virtually takes centre stage near the end. The documentary is very good in describing how, despite often awkward attempts to keep up, Hammer's brand of Gothic horror eventually found itself out of date as the genre became more horrifying and more set in the present day, and finishes rather wonderfully with footage from a reading of a script that was never shot called The Unquenchable Thirst Of Dracula. The whole thing is well structured and tight so I guess being selective about what is included has its bonuses as well even if I'm dubious as to the prevailing reason for so much being omitted. If you do decide that it's worth the cost [bearing in mind how expensive import fees are now], I don't think you'll regret biting the bullet if you really do love your Hammer, and seeing as it played on my Blu-ray player without me having to change it to Region 'A', it seems to be Region Free too so fans living outside the USA and Canada should have no problem being able to view it.
Denis Meikle
Hammer Horror: The Warner Bros Years
Jonathan Rigby
WOW! Severin Films To Release a Stunning Nine Disc Box-Set of Forgotten Sir Christopher Lee Horror Gems This May!
February 13, 2021 Ross Hughes News 0
He remains one of horror's most celebrated actors and to this day is still badly missed within the genre, but fans of Sir Christopher Lee – the only actor as of yet to have won […]
NEW HAMMER DOC 'HAMMER HORROR: THE WARNER BROS YEARS' COMING
October 27, 2015 Dr Lenera News 0
As I proceed in my epic trek through all of the films from Hammer studios [that are legally able to view], it's always a pleasure for me to report on any Hammer news. Horrormovies.ca informs […]
'HAMMER HORROR: THE WARNER BROS YEARS' DOCUMENTARY HAS ARRIVED
August 13, 2018 Dr Lenera News 0
The fact that I set out to and managed to watch and review every legally available film that Hammer ever made [except for their really recent efforts] for this website should tell you how much […]


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I've been reading the manual and could not seem to get it to work. I can only make everything to appear for the text box object.
I'm not sure where I went wrong. Can someone correct me in this.
You have to right mouse click on the text frame with the bullets in it. Then add an animation and confirm. Now edit the animation. In the tab "Text" of the animation properties, select one entry in "Animate paragraphs".
Hi Sven, thank you for the clarification. Got it working.


Three home-grown Egyptian women were awarded at the L'Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science for their outstanding contributions to the fields of mathematics, science and computer science .
Egyptian scientists Marwa Balaha, Nuha Mustafa and Amira Al-Yathebi attended the ceremony along side other female scientists from across the world. The award aims to highlight women's contribution to a field that is often male-dominated.
Egyptian chemist and pharmacist Balaha designed and created a cure for carcinogenic cells, specifically lung cancer, using new compound cells that behave like venom.
Upon her findings, she created a demonstration linking the shape of normal cells to the shape of cancerous cells in the lungs.Balaha is working along side an Italian pharmaceutical company on a project that hopes to combat cancer and find a treatment.
Egyptian researcher Mustafa works in the field of Analytical Chemistry and is a teaching assistant in Assiut Pharmaceutical School.
She invested all her time and energy to analyze the ingredients in medication once she realized the importance of determining how different compounds react together. Ultimately, she hopes to find new and cost effective methods to fragment medicine ingredients.
Because the methods available to detect irregularities in the DNA are very expensive, Al-Yazbi, analytical pharmaceutical chemistry researcher, spent a year in Alberta University as a visiting professor in order to research affordable ways to detect irregularities in the DNA.
Abnormalities in the DNA can cause several health issues and diseases including cancer. Early detection will allow the patient to receive treatment from an early stage with higher chances of recovery.
The L'Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science offers Egyptian women annual fellowships to their program. The fellowship promotes the work of Egyptian young women and applauds their excellence in different scientific fields. This program is an opportunity for all women across the world to participate and contribute to science, a field that still lacks equal gender representation.


In my column for this week, I discuss the rule against character evidence and how it might be applied to Bill Cosby's case. The rule in question, Rule 404 (under Pennsylvania state law), provides that evidence of a person's character may not be introduced in evidence to show that the person acted on a particular occasion in a manner that corresponded with that character. An example would be in a murder trial, one could not offer evidence that the defendant had committed several murders in the past, as tending to make it more likely that he committed the one of which he now stands accused. The character rule has a caveat, however, that permits the introduction of prior bad acts evidence if offered to show something other than character (and in a criminal case, the probative value outweighs any unfair prejudice). A non-exhaustive list of examples includes proving identity or absence of mistake.
As I explain in the column, fans of the general rule would tend to want to limit application of the caveats and would accordingly wish to exclude evidence of Cosby's behavior in prior sexual assault situations (i.e., giving women pills and drinks and then assaulting them in their vulnerable state). I conclude, with some ambivalence, that the evidence of Cosby's prior conduct ought to be admitted against him to prove an M.O. (modus operandi) by which he engages with women he intends to assault.
In this post, I want to talk about an oddity in the rule against character evidence. One of the exceptions to the rule applies to witnesses. That is, it is permissible to introduce evidence of a witness's character (including prior convictions) to show that the witness is characteroloigcally a liar and is therefore more likely to have lied on a particular occasion (such as when he took the stand and said that he is innocent). This is strange for a number of reasons highlighted years ago by the late Professor Richard Uviller. These are Uviller's insights, but I find them so compelling that I thought it worthwhile to share them in this blog post.
Consider first the fact that when someone is accused of a crime, one of the most helpful sorts of evidence we might want to see--to determine guilt or innocence--is what sort of history this person has. Has he done this thing he stands accused of doing before, or is this the first time, according to the allegations? This inference, however, is impermissible because we worry that juries will overvalue evidence of past misconduct and have a hard time neutrally assessing guilt in this case. What juries may consider, though, is prior convictions as evidence that he is a liar and is therefore lying when he takes the stand and says he is innocent. As a result, a criminal defendant with prior convictions (even for crimes having little bearing on sincerity) will be highly motivated to stay off the witness stand and thereby ensure that such prior convictions stay out.
What Uviller points out is that people tend not to have a clear character for telling the truth or for lying. Furthermore, and more importantly, the motivation for a criminal defendant is to say "I am innocent" regardless of whether he is guilty or innocent and regardless of whether he is a liar or a truth-teller. That motivation (to exonerate himself) overwhelms the role of any character he has for telling the truth or lying. As a result, a defendant on the witness stand -- even if he is a known liar -- will tell the truth and say he is innocent if he is in fact innocent. And a known truth-teller, who just about never lies, will say he is innocent even if he is in fact guilty. The incentives simply line up that way, so it is not informative to learn that the criminal defendant witness is a liar (unless, of course, he is charged with committing perjury), and most prior crimes will say more about his criminal propensities than his lying propensities.
I proposed once that we could solve a piece of this problem by prohibiting testimony by criminal defendants in their own cases. Once prohibited, no one would take the defendant's silence as evidence of guilt (and though the judge currently tells the jury not to count silence against the defendant, this is a very difficult instruction to follow), and the jury would not be asked to consider prior convictions as proof of veracity (of which they are slim proof indeed). There is something seemingly outrageous about keeping criminal defendants off the witness stand, but at the moment we really are keeping many off the stand anyway by threatening the introduction of prior convictions if they testify. Perhaps having to testify in one's own defense is more of a burden than a privilege, given the admissibility of prior convictions. Under our existing approach, only defendants with no prior convictions can confidently take the witness stand and tell the truth or lie, as their motive to say "I'm innocent" tells them.
Juries are far savvier, I think, than we give them credit for. I once asked a friend who was on jury duty whether the defendant testified in the case on which she had sat. She said no. I asked her why she thought he didn't testify, and she said that she and the other jurors just assumed that he had a prior record. Neither she nor the others on her panel were attorneys, to my knowledge. So if she and others knew why the defendant didn't testify, then it is likely the case that other juries do too.
So what does any of this have to do with Bill Cosby? Well, he does not have prior convictions (that I know of) and certainly not priors for sexual assault. On the other hand, he has a large number of women who say that they were sexually assaulted by him. As I explain in my column, their testimony cannot be admitted for the proposition that "he has sexually assaulted before, so he's more likely to have sexually assaulted in this case," though this would be permissible in a federal trial (under Federal Rules 413-415). For Bill Cosby, the question is whether his reported tendency to intoxicate his victims before sexually assaulting them fits within the caveat that Pennsylvania Rule 404 offers (for using prior bad acts to show something other than character). I suggest in my column that it does. If it does not, however, I will be curious to know something about the people selected for his jury who have no idea that many women have accused Cosby of sexual assault, who also know nothing about the alcohol and pills he allegedly used to make them more vulnerable. Perhaps the application of Pennsylvania Rule 404 in this case is largely moot because of what the jury pool almost certainly already knows.
I'll be curious to see -- if this goes to trial -- how much evidence is allowed.
People don't testify for a range of reasons, priors being a major one, but that isn't the only reason. A defendant need not have been convicted for something to be an unsympathetic witness. There is always a chance for a misstep. OTOH, in various cases, testifying might be in their self-interest. The cases might be relatively few (but so are trials, so it's probably relative) but sometimes the person is sympathetic and telling their story helps. Anyway, I think it's a basic matter of liberty to be able to speak here. I realize once upon a time that one could not.
Professor, do the last few sentences of this article mean Dr. Cosby cannot get a fair trial due to all the news reports and resultant tainting of the jury pool?
Nice article mr. it can open my mind.
I'm inclined to think Prof. Colb thinks it doesn't taint the jury pool, that a jury will be able to be chosen to provide a fair trial. In the past, trials involved local populations more aware now with local events.
Also, the problems Cosby have here are balanced by his additional means to provide a defense as well as probably some weaknesses with the case (a long ago event, he said/she said sort of thing etc.). Net, I think he comes off better than the average criminal defendant in the average criminal case.
This doesn't mean the publicity is not an issue, but criminal justice trials will by the nature of reality tend to have some problems, so we need to look big picture here. Imperfect justice is the name of the game.
that apparently the previous DA made an arrangement with Mr. Cosby that his deposition would not be used in any criminal proceedings I am sure that all of us hope that Ms. Cold will address questions like this.
1. Since the old DA told the new DA of the arrangement, was the new DA acting properly in bringing criminal charges?
2. Is the verbal agreement between the old DA and Mr. Cosby valid?
3. Is agreement binding on the new DA?
4. What exactly are the rules with respect to a civil deposition and self incrimination and 5th amendment protection?
Logic would seem to indicate that (1) in no way can the deposition material be used in a criminal proceeding against Mr. Cosby and that (2) the new DA, if indeed he was aware of this is guilty of malicious prosecution.
What say everyone and do we believe that the old DA was acting purely and sincerely in trying to get a civil settlement for the accuser or was he acting to protect Mr. Cosby?
And also, what defense attorney in their right mind goes forward with exposing their client to self-incrimination where the protection is an ORAl agreement?


Desert View Watchtower from the railing.
Desert View Watchtower cropped to pano view.
Deseret View Watchtower. Watch your step.
The cloud pattern created a unique pattern of sun spots on the buttes.
Hermits Rest just as the sun went down.
He was a friendly guy.
Portrait day for the mules.


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What is something that requires almost no skill, yet you still struggle to do?
What is something you have never told anybody, but are willing to tell me, a complete stranger on the internet?
I am on the verge of being fired. I have missed about 6 days in a row because of anxiety. I couldn't stop trembling and crying and I couldn't get out of bed, so I called in. The 6th day I had a doctor's note, because I nearly gave myself an ear infection / abrasion and it ended up that I also had a UTI. I have 5 infractions against me now, and if I call in one more time in the next 6 months, I am fired without question. Which only gives me worse anxiety. And now my coworkers hate me and I dread facing them every day.
Women who proposed to your boyfriend, how did they react when you were the one to pop the question?
not me, but my friend proposed to her boyfriend while at my house during a D&D campaign. during the campaign, she slowly gave everyone a ring pop and "proposed" to them. when it was time to give her boyfriend a ring pop, she pulled out a wrapper with an actual ring in it and popped the question. he just kept repeating "yeah?" for a few minutes, but eventually actually agreed.
all in all, it was quite awkward, but at least I managed to talk her out of using an actual ring pop.
What normal thing is 10 times creepier if you do it with gloves on?
my boyfriend, pulling on gloves, turns to our cat and says, "I'm doing this for you."
he was preparing to clean the litterbox, but out of context makes it great.
What is something which comes in a bottle that provides a significant amount of joy?


In order to download and view some of the documents, you need to have a PDF Reader. If you don't have this program, click on the link listed to the right to download PDF Reader. Once installed on your hard drive, return to this page and click on the file that you'd like to view. If prompted to save the file or pick an application, choose Acrobat Reader as the program to open the file. Please note that publications will be saved as a PDF file, and may take time to download depending on your line speed.
Document percentage sizes may need to be resized to print on regular computer paper.


text:
Forgetting Fathers
Untold Stories from an Orphaned Past
David Marshall - Author
ISBN10: N/A
An eloquent personal reflection on the fascination of family history and the desire to both discover and escape origins.
In Forgetting Fathers, David Marshall weaves together the stories of his grandfather and great-grandfather with his own quest to solve the mystery of his family's past. Beginning as a search for his lost family name, Marshall attempts to understand the origins of his grandfather, who spent part of his childhood in the Hebrew Orphan Asylum of the City of New York. He also reconstructs the life and death of his great-grandfather, a Russian immigrant tailor who died at age thirty-six in a private sanitarium dedicated to the treatment of mental and nervous diseases. The narrative becomes a detective story that reflects on our ambivalence about origins, the relation between history and mourning, and the compulsion to search for life stories. Forgetting Fathers combines historical accounts based on records, reports, and public documents with autobiographical reflections and speculations. Included throughout are photographs, newspaper clippings, and facsimiles of original documents that provide a sense of both the texture of the times and the fabric of archival and genealogical research.
"One of our most gifted literary scholars, David Marshall in Forgetting Fathers has written an un-forgettable detective story born in a deeply felt, personal quest to solve the mystery of his grandfather's name. The result is not only an absorbing read; it is a profound testament to the human impulse to know who we are and from whence we came. For Marshall, that secret was locked a century ago in the Hebrew Orphan Asylum of the City of New York, and in his odyssey to find—and turn—the key, Marshall becomes the living proof of Eudora Welty's timeless line, 'Remembering is done through the blood.'" — Henry Louis Gates Jr., Alphonse Fletcher University Professor, Harvard University
"Forgetting Fathers is a truly remarkable piece of work. The pertinacity of Marshall as a reader, as a critic, as a theorist, impels him on his quest to learn all that he can about his past. The book is riveting." — Jonathan Freedman, coeditor of Jewish in America
"From the Hebrew Orphan Asylum to the history of New York tailors, David Marshall weaves his Jewish family memoir with gripping details. An enlightening contribution to the growing body of research on the lives and institutions of twentieth-century Jewish immigrants." — Mikhal Dekel, author of The Universal Jew: Masculinity, Modernity, and the Zionist Moment
David Marshall is Professor of English and Comparative Literature at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He has published widely on the history of the novel, aesthetics, and autobiography.
1. Presented to David Marshall
2. Finding Names
3. Inscribing Names
4. A Posthumous Child
5. Traces of the Father
6. Traces of the Tailor: Becoming a Contractor
7. Traces of the Tailor: On Strike
8. Special Circumstances of the Case
9. Reading the Death Certificate
10. Reading the Death Certificate: The Place of Death
11. Reading the Death Certificate: The Name of the Physician
12. Reading the Death Certificate: The Name of the Disease
13. The Case of H.W.
14. The Pavilion for the Insane
15. The Place of Burial: Machpelah
16. Saying Kaddish for a Ghost
17. Picturing a Future
18. Picturing a Past
19. A Ghost and a Memory
20. Searches and Signs
21. Returning to Machpelah
N/A/4-5892-2(AL/EM/KRS)
Maimonides on Judaism and the Jewish People
Philip Roth and the Jews
Jewish Choices
The Origins and Diversity of Axial Age Civilizations
New Horizons in Sephardic Studies
Four Approaches to the Book of Psalms
Formative Judaism
Persistence and Flexibility
Moses Mendelssohn and the Enlightenment


Lena Headey is an English actress, voice actress, and film producer. Starting out at the age of 17, Heady is known for her role in the show "Game of Thrones" and considered to be the fifth highest paid American TV start in network prime time television. Here is a look at some of the most monumental Lena Headey quotes ever documented.
Lena Headey gets a lot of backlash from fans for the role she plays in Game of Thrones. Check out this appearance she makes on Conan.


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Sir Patrick Moore, British Astronomy Missionary, Dies at 89
By Clara Moskowitz 2012-12-10T17:39:58Z
Sir Patrick Moore, a British astronomer and popularizer of science, passed away on Sunday (Dec. 9). He was the host of the BBC's The Sky At Night," television's longest-running program.
(Image: © Sir Patrick Moore, British Astronomer)
The famous British astronomer Sir Patrick Moore, who inspired a love of science in many through his BBC television program "The Sky At Night," died at age 89 on Sunday (Dec. 9).
Moore "passed away peacefully"at his home in West Sussex, England, according to the BBC. His night-sky program, which began airing in 1957 and ran its last episode the night he died, is the longest-running television show of all time. Moore was also the author of more than 70 books on astronomy geared toward lay readers.
Many scientists credit Moore and the show for inspiring them to pursue the careers they chose.
"The first book on the cosmos I ever read was written by Sir Patrick Moore. May he rest in peace, somewhere in the universe," astronomer Neil deGrasse Tyson, director of the American Museum of Natural History's Hayden Planetarium, wrote on Twitter Sunday.
Moore was born in Middlesex, England in 1923 and served in the Royal Air Force during World War II. He was largely self-taught, and turned down a chance to study at Cambridge University under a government grant. At age 11, he joined the British Astronomical Association, and at age 14 he took over the running of a small observatory near his house. [Gallery: December 2012 Night Sky]
"How many people bought their first telescope thanks to Patrick Moore?" British entrepreneur Sir Richard Branson, founder of the Virgin Galactic commercial spaceflight company, wrote on Twitter Sunday.
"His passion, knowledge and humour made him truly unique," Branson added.
Yet Moore was also a divisive person. He made misogynistic, anti-gay and anti-immigrant comments publicly, and alienated many whom he had inspired.
"He was a controversial figure, beloved for his science promotion, but who also made comments that were pretty objectionable," astronomer Phil Plait, author of the blog "Bad Astronomy," wrote on Google Plus. "In my opinion, it is not only fair but also necessary to praise the achievements of the recently deceased as well as point out their flaws so that we may learn from them."
Ultimately, Moore made an indelible mark on the world of astronomy. He was sometimes referred to as the "British Carl Sagan," though his reach spread far beyond the United Kingdom.
"His passing away is a great loss," British Royal Astronomical Society president David Southwood said in a statement. "For my part, I first worked in a very junior capacity with Sir Patrick on the BBC coverage of the Apollo missions over 40 years ago. I was always inspired by his love of his subject and his professionalism in communicating it. First and foremost, he was a person with an apparently endless capacity to enthuse and inspire about astronomy, but there must be many that Patrick drew into working in science and technology in general. He'll be missed by millions."
Follow Clara Moskowitz on Twitter @ClaraMoskowitz or SPACE.com @Spacedotcom. We're also on Facebook & Google+.
SpaceX delays Crew Dragon abort test launch to Sunday due to bad weather
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'Star Trek: Picard' world premiere draws huge crowds and sci-fi stars


ability to feed others while housing itself?
production and a gentle nature.
function to preserve itself and the hive as a whole.
gathering journeys a day. The effort takes a heavy toll.
Each worker lives only about a month.
pollen baskets on the worker's hind legs.
million flowers to produce a pint of honey.
Water is used to hydrate and cool the bees in a hive.
Approximately a quart a day is required in warm weather.
the numbers of bees required to maintain a hive.
jelly, a vitamin-rich goo made by workers, for two weeks.
which hatch as drones, the males of the colony.
love to hear from you at b.silvey@sbcglobal.net.


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Home > Calendar of Events > Event > Vietnam: Lessons Learned and Lessons Ignored
Vietnam: Lessons Learned and Lessons Ignored
Thursday, November 16, 2017 - 7:00 p.m. to 8:30 p.m.
View on YouTube
What lessons have we learned—and must we learn—from the Vietnam War? How does the war continue to reverberate in our politics today? A bipartisan group of former Members of Congress join experts on the Vietnam War to examine the tumultuous Vietnam era. Many of the issues that shaped our nation in the 1960s and 1970s still play a leading role in our national dialogue: race relations, culture wars, how we treat veterans, and the erosion of trust in government. Moderating the panel will be CBS Radio News Political Analyst and American University Professor Leonard Steinhorn. Panelists include Bronze Star and Purple Hear recipient Harry Robinson III and former members of Congress Jim Jones, Chuck Hagel, and Milton Robert Carr. Presented in partnership with the U.S Association of Former Members of Congress.
This page was last reviewed on November 1, 2017.


I'm sure by now, everyone knows I'm loving the jumpsuit trend. I'm also loving hot color of the season, cobalt blue. How lucky am I to find a piece that combined both elements.
Growing up, I was that kid who didn't like cartoons or super heroes. I found them boring and by no means felt the need to dress up as one of the characters for halloween. I was too busy watching classics like, Sound of Music, Mommy Dearest and Flowers in the Attic on continuous loop.
I stand corrected, as my outlook on super heroes changed a few weeks ago when I stepped in to this jumpsuit. The dolman sleeve design creates a cap or some might say wings in the back. Seriously? I love it! I feel like I could take flight. I'm totally ready to take on the universe.


Well that's a headline you don't get to write every day, but this story only gets odder when you dive into it. In an effort to combat food waste, Kelloggs has teamed up with a craft brewery to use "rejected" Corn Flakes in beer production. The excess Corn Flakes produced by the UK wing of Kelloggs are being used by Manchester's Seven Bro7thers Brewery to produce a beer known as "Throw Away IPA," referring to the fact that the Corn Flakes involved in its production would previously have been discarded. Here, they're "upcycled," as the company puts it, re-using Corn Flakes that would otherwise be too big, too small, or improperly cooked to go into your cereal box.
Apparently, roughly 30 percent of the mash for Throw Away IPA consists of Corn Flakes, which one would expect to deliver a light body/texture and lightly corny flavor. The brewery also uses quite a bit of wheat in this IPA, which presumably helps to add back in a heavier, smoother texture to balance out the lightness of the Corn Flakes. The final result is reportedly a "Corn Flake golden" IPA, a portion of the proceeds of which are being donated to food distribution charity FareShare in the U.K.
It naturally begs the question: Is this being done in the U.S. as well? Kelloggs is based in Battle Creek, MI, a town that also happens to be in the back yard of several larger regional breweries such as Dark Horse and of course Bell's. If one of them hasn't already brewed a Corn Flakes beer with Kellogg, this might be the time.


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/ WMI History
In a world fractured by the effects of environmental degradation, political turmoil, and economic crises, it is easy to forget that cultures of peace depend on good governance and equitable management of our natural resources. Sustainable development from the grassroots up can only happen if these three core issues are addressed. Furthermore, the connection between environmental challenges and local conflicts cannot be assessed separately.They must be understood and acted upon not just by academics, but by as many different kinds of people as possible – bustling city-dwellers, hard-working villagers and farmers, children, poets, dreamers – and by those who visit our country and carry away with them a sense of our key cultural developments and aspirations. Moreover, successful fusion of university research and traditional training requires the provision not only of academic resources, but of experiential learning opportunities, community mentoring, and utilization of indigenous knowledge.
Therefore, the Wangari Maathai Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies (WMI) core purpose will be to spearhead holistic multi-disciplinary research, training and community empowerment and outreach services. An inspiring, interactive permanent exhibition demonstrating the work and ideals of Professor Wangari Muta Maathai at the Institute will be an essential element of WMI's work. Further, there will be deliberate emphasis by WMI to forge regional and international partnerships, for the purpose of creating other centers of excellence for sustainable management of environmental resources.
Motivation for the WMI
Limited natural resources are directly or indirectly the source of most conflicts. Well conserved and governed natural resources will go a long way in reducing community conflicts. When the relationships between natural resource scarcity and conflict, and natural resources and prosperity are well-articulated, the community will be able to understand their responsibility and realize that natural resource conservation is indeed self-conservation. Aspirations for establishment of WMI were based on recognition by Professor Wangari Maathai, that there is need for:
i. A pioneer institute in Africa that fosters and inculcates transformative values, with the intention of creating transformational leaders for the next generation
ii. A distinctive environmental studies institute that develops an understanding of the interdependency of environmental health and human prosperity while providing skills to deal with conflicts
iii. An outstanding experiential learning institutioin for environmental studies
iv. An African-based 'Earth-Watch', proactively monitoring the environment and giving early warning singals that will allow for preparedness in emerging contexts.
v. A university based entity with unparalled transformative linkages with grassroots communities
vi. An African based leading institiuon to foster strategic partnerships with top environmental schools and institions the world-over as well as the private sector.
vii. A lead institute for the interdisciplinary research that will produce evidence-based data informing policy debates and policy formulation
viii. An inspiring living innovative and creative laboratory where new "green" technologies and best practices of environmental sustainability and conflict resolution can be fostered, developed, tested, validated and demonstrated
WMI's Distinctive and Comparative advantages
WMI's distinctiveness and comparative advantage will be in its acknowledgement of the interlinking between conflict resolution, environmental degradation and democratization. Few, if any other institutions, focus directly on this interrelationship. Professor Wangari Maathai and the GBM has proven that addressing these issues in there complexity leads to simultaneous improvements in the environment and the local communities livelihoods. WMI wants to bring this distinctive experience to the brains of the African intellectuals and none academic knowledge holders. WMI's thrust is to create transformational "green" leaders, who can manage the environment and its related conflicts, for the benefit of their community and nation.
The anticipated disparate backgrounds of its faculty and graduate students will make the institute a crossroads of world cultures and a unifying intellectual space embracing global diversity. We will draw undergraduate students and non academic knowledge holders from every region and later send them into the world equipped with practical knowledge, skills, and a robust work ethic that will enable them respond to challenges of environmental management.
The Creation of a Sustainable Transformative Centre
A sustainable and transformative campus will be established within the 50 acres plot allocated to WMI at the University of Nairobi. The campus will among other things house the institute's operations, and a special trademark sustainable building will be erected. The campus will be self-sufficient in its energy needs as much is practically possible and will be a core part of making the environmental values come alive for all who will interact with WMI. The institute's shall also develop and manage demonstration farms for indigenous trees, medical plants, rain forest and wetlands management. On February 16th, 2011 an independent and international Panel of Jurors announced the winning architectural design for the sustainable campus. The Cape Town based firm of architects, dhk, won the competition to design the Institute. At the heart of the dhk scheme is the welcoming and dignified democratic space sheltered by a tensile canopy roof supported on tripod 'tree-like' columns evoking the tree planting work of Prof Wangari Maathai.
Without key partners WMI cannot fulfill its ambitious vision. In networked society, partnerships are increasingly important to create critical mass, synergies and stretch scarce resources. Thus, to achieve planned results and targets and to leverage resources, WMI will forge strategic alliance with the public, private at international partners in implementing its mandate.
Excellence in experiential learning, transformational community outreach, and research for sustainable environments and cultures of peace
To cultivate positive ethics, values and practices towards the environment by training stewards who foster peace, promote holistic sustainable development, and link theory with practice.
WMI selected five strategic objectives to drive decisions and actions in the delivery of its mission in its first ten years.
Objective 1: Global outreach
To Make WMI a regionally leading, internationally recognized center for holistic environmental practices and peace building
Objective 2: Social engagement
To improve values, ethics and attitudes towards sustainable environmental management and peaceful conflict resolution in all parts of African societies
Objective 3: Experiential learning
Develop a portfolio of innovative action oriented training programs within the mandate of WMI
Objective 4: Research
To enhance environmental knowledge and management practices for local empowerment and conflict resolution
Objective 5: Political influence
To contribute to improved understanding of environmental policy to sharpen decision making and law enforcement
The 5 objectives will be accomplished through various strategic activities that will include:
Research and teaching application of values that animate Wangari Maathai and the greenbelt movement work in various contexts such as: Local conflict resolution, institutional development, education at the grassroots, local environmental empowerment, and adult learning.
Developing science and experience based curricula that offer leadership training in conflict resolution, environmental protection, as well as potential development consequences of climate change, biodiversity loss, and deforestation.
A focus on women's leadership. GBM's experience shows that such focus is still necessary and has great positive impact in patriarchal societies.
Establishing exchange programs with universities abroad for students and academic staffs.
WMI will be a library and resource institute for people to learn about forestry, rural development and sustainability, and leadership values.
The Institute will have demonstration sites for innovations and methodologies such as sand dams, tree-planting, kitchen gardens, solar-driven appliances, and other appropriate technologies that may have relevant applications.


Ponta Delgada João Paulo II Airport, opened on August 24, 1969, serves the island of São Miguel, in the archipelago of the Azores, 1500 km away from Lisbon. It operates with destinations inside the islands and the country, and with international flights within Europe and North America.
Number of Terminals - 1 - Open from 5:00 am to 0:00 am.
Airlines: Azores Airlines (Tel +351 707 227 282), Delta Air Lines (Tel +351 296 306 762), Ryanair (Tel +44 871 246 0002), SATA Air Açores (Tel +351 707 227 282), TAP Air Portugal (Tel +351 707 205 700).
Annual passenger traffic: 1.9 million passengers went through it in 2018.
Tel: +351 296 205 400. E-mail: [email protected] There is a tourist information desk in the Arrivals Hall (Tel +351 296 284 569).
The airport is situated 3 km (2 miles) to the west of the city of Ponta Delgada.
The airport has ATMs, currency exchange bureau (Mondays through Fridays from 7:00 am to 9:00 pm, weekends from 7:00 am to 2:00 pm and from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm), post office, workstations, plugs for electric devices, mobile phone service and Wi-Fi access free of charge. The SATA Lounge is situated on the left side of the main boarding hall and opens from 6:00 am to 10:00 pm; it provides air conditioning, newspapers and magazines, TV, refreshments, drinks, telephones (access with Priority Pass, DragonPass, Diners Club, SATA Silversky, Goldsky, Imagine or Trade membership, business class passengers from SATA Air Açores).
Food and Drinks- Restaurant on the first floor, coffee shops and bar on the lower level.
Shopping- There are stores with duty-free items in the Departures area and shops selling souvenirs, accessories, clothing, newspapers and magazines, handicrafts, sports, jewellery.
Baggage- Secure wrapping before the security checkpoint, available from the first flight until the last (Tel +351 917 386 826). Luggage storage in the Arrivals Hall, from 6:00 am to 0:00 am (Tel +351 296 205 440). Lost and found office in the Departures lounge (Tel +351 296 205 400 ext. 1389).
Other Services- Baby care facilities.
Taxi - Cabs from Central Taxis PDL (Tel +351 296 302 530 / 296 382 000 / 938 346 759) available outside the Arrivals Hall. Journey time to the city centre is around 10 minutes.
P1 - For short stays. The first 10 minutes have no charge.
P2 - Medium- and long-term lot.
Facilities include lifts, escalators and moving walkways. If you should require special assistance, notify your airline or travel agency about your particular needs 48 hours in advance.


State court civil and criminal practice and representation of local governmental entities. Government practice includes zoning, land use, 1983, takings and other regulatory areas. The firm also handles complex litigation in federal and state courts. Certified Mediator, South Carolina Bar.
The Law Offices of J. Brady Hair is a small firm focused on White Collar Criminal Defense.
Author: "Punitive Policies: Constitutional Hazards of Non-Consensual Testing of Women For Prenatal Drug Use," Article, Health Matrix, Journal of Law and Medicine, Vol.5, No.2, Summer 1995. Co-author: "Health Care Fraud & Collateral Consequences Book," South Carolina Bar, 2000. Former Assistant United States Attorney, 2002. Deputy City Attorney, 1996-2001 and 2003—.
Evening Post Publishing Co. v. City of North Charleston, 611 S.E.2d 496 (S.C. 2005); City of North Charleston v. County of Charleston, 611 S.E.2d 920 (S.C. 2005); U.S. v. Chisolm, 53 Fed.Appx. 228, 2002 WL 31697133 (4th Cir.(S.C.)) (Not selected for publication in the Federal Reporter) (4th Cir.(S.C.), Dec 03, 2002) (NO. 02-4285); U.S. v. Rollins, 47 Fed.Appx. 236, 2002 WL 31133260 (4th.Cir.(S.C.)) (Not selected for publication in the Federal Reporter) (4th Cir.(S.C.), Sep 27, 2002) (NO. 02-4044); U.S. v. Stewart, 42 Fed.Appx. 615, 2002 WL 1767199 (4th Cir.(S.C.)) (Not selected for publication in the Federal Reporter) (4th Cir.(S.C.), Aug 01, 2002) (NO. 02-6675); Perez v. University of Charleston, 201 F.3d 436 (Table, Text in WESTLAW), Unpublished Disposition, 1999 WL 1016301 (4th Cir.(S.C.), Nov 09, 1999) (NO. 99-1745); Condor, Inc. v. Board of Zoning Appeals, City of North Charleston, 328 S.C. 173, 493 S.E.2d 342 (S.C., Nov 10, 1997) (NO. 24710); Condor, Inc. v. City of North Charleston, 493 S.E.2d 342 (S.C., 1997); Covenant Media of South Carolina v. City of North Charleston, 493F3d 421 (4th Cir. 2007); Covenant Media of South Carolina v. City of North Charleston, 2006 WL 1967308 (D.S.C. 2006).