text:
*******************
Get Started (CMake)
*******************

.. include:: ../cmake-warning.rst

.. include:: ../cmake-pending-features.rst

This document is intended to help users set up the software environment for development of applications using hardware based on the Espressif ESP32. Through a simple example we would like to illustrate how to use ESP-IDF (Espressif IoT Development Framework), including the menu based configuration, compiling the ESP-IDF and firmware download to ESP32 boards.

Introduction
============

ESP32 integrates Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz band) and Bluetooth 4.2 solutions on a single chip, along with dual high performance cores, Ultra Low Power co-processor and several peripherals. Powered by 40 nm technology, ESP32 provides a robust, highly integrated platform to meet the continuous demands for efficient power usage, compact design, security, high performance, and reliability.

Espressif provides the basic hardware and software resources that help application developers to build their ideas around the ESP32 series hardware. The software development framework by Espressif is intended for rapidly developing Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications, with Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, power management and several other system features.

What You Need
=============

To develop applications for ESP32 you need:

* **PC** loaded with either Windows, Linux or Mac operating system
* **Toolchain** to compile code for ESP32
* **Build tools** CMake and Ninja to build a full **Application** for ESP32
* **ESP-IDF** that essentially contains API for ESP32 and scripts to operate the **Toolchain**
* A text editor to write programs (**Projects**) in C, e.g. `Eclipse <https://www.eclipse.org/>`_
* The **ESP32** board itself and a **USB cable** to connect it to the **PC**

.. figure:: ../../_static/what-you-need-cmake.png
    :align: center
    :alt: Development of applications for ESP32
    :figclass: align-center

    Development of applications for ESP32

Steps to set up Development Environment:

1. Setup of **Toolchain**
2. Getting **ESP-IDF** from GitHub

Once the development environment is set up, we will follow these steps to create an ESP-IDF application:

1. Configuration of a **Project** and writing the code
2. Compilation of the **Project** and linking it to build an **Application**
3. Flashing (uploading) the compiled **Application** to **ESP32** over a USB/serial connection
4. Monitoring / debugging of the **Application** output via USB/serial

Development Board Guides
========================

If you have one of ESP32 development boards listed below, click on the link for hardware setup:

.. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1

    ESP32 DevKitC <get-started-devkitc>
    ESP-WROVER-KIT <get-started-wrover-kit>
    ESP32-PICO-KIT <get-started-pico-kit>

If you have different board, move to sections below.

.. _get-started-setup-toolchain-cmake:

Setup Toolchain
===============

The quickest way to start development with ESP32 is by installing a prebuilt toolchain. Pick up your OS below and follow provided instructions.

.. toctree::
    :hidden:

    Windows <windows-setup>
    Linux <linux-setup>
    MacOS <macos-setup>

+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+
| |windows-logo|    | |linux-logo|      | |macos-logo|      |
+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+
| `Windows`_        | `Linux`_          | `Mac OS`_         |
+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+

.. |windows-logo| image:: ../../_static/windows-logo.png
    :target: ../get-started-cmake/windows-setup.html

.. |linux-logo| image:: ../../_static/linux-logo.png
    :target: ../get-started-cmake/linux-setup.html

.. |macos-logo| image:: ../../_static/macos-logo.png
    :target: ../get-started-cmake/macos-setup.html

.. _Windows: ../get-started-cmake/windows-setup.html
.. _Linux: ../get-started-cmake/linux-setup.html
.. _Mac OS: ../get-started-cmake/macos-setup.html

.. note::

    We are an using ``esp`` subdirectory in your user's home directory (``~/esp`` on Linux and MacOS, ``%userprofile%\esp`` on Windows) to install everything needed for ESP-IDF. You can use any different directory, but will need to adjust the respective commands.

Depending on your experience and preferences, instead of using a prebuilt toolchain, you may want to customize your environment. To set up the system your own way go to section :ref:`get-started-customized-setup-cmake`.

Once you are done with setting up the toolchain then go to section :ref:`get-started-get-esp-idf-cmake`.

.. _get-started-get-esp-idf-cmake:

Get ESP-IDF
===========

Besides the toolchain (that contains programs to compile and build the application), you also need ESP32 specific API / libraries. They are provided by Espressif in `ESP-IDF repository <https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf>`_. To get it, open terminal, navigate to the directory you want to put ESP-IDF, and clone it using ``git clone`` command.

Linux and MacOS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: bash

    mkdir -p ~/esp
    cd ~/esp
    git clone --recursive https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf.git

ESP-IDF will be downloaded into ``~/esp/esp-idf``.

Windows Command Prompt
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: batch

    mkdir %userprofile%\esp
    cd %userprofile%\esp
    git clone --recursive https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf.git

.. highlight:: bash
.. note::

    Do not miss the ``--recursive`` option. If you have already cloned ESP-IDF without this option, run another command to get all the submodules::

        cd esp-idf
        git submodule update --init

.. _get-started-setup-path-cmake:

Setup Environment Variables
===========================

ESP-IDF requires two environment variables to be set for normal operation:

- ``IDF_PATH`` should be set to the path to the ESP-IDF root directory.
- ``PATH`` should include the path to the ``tools`` directory inside the same ``IDF_PATH`` directory.

These two variables should be set up on your PC, otherwise projects will not build.

Setting may be done manually, each time PC is restarted. Another option is to set them permanently in user profile. To do this, follow instructions specific to :ref:`Windows <add-paths-to-profile-windows-cmake>` , :ref:`Linux and MacOS <add-idf_path-to-profile-linux-macos-cmake>` in section :doc:`add-idf_path-to-profile`.

.. _get-started-start-project-cmake:

Start a Project
===============

Now you are ready to prepare your application for ESP32. To start off quickly, we will use :example:`get-started/hello_world` project from :idf:`examples` directory in IDF.

Copy :example:`get-started/hello_world` to ``~/esp`` directory:

Linux and MacOS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: bash

    cd ~/esp
    cp -r $IDF_PATH/examples/get-started/hello_world .

Windows Command Prompt
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: batch

    cd %userprofile%\esp
    xcopy /e /i %IDF_PATH%\examples\get-started\hello_world hello_world

You can also find a range of example projects under the :idf:`examples` directory in ESP-IDF. These example project directories can be copied in the same way as presented above, to begin your own projects.

It is also possible to build examples in-place, without copying them first.

.. important::

    The esp-idf build system does not support spaces in the path to either esp-idf or to projects.

.. _get-started-connect-cmake:

Connect
=======

You are almost there. To be able to proceed further, connect ESP32 board to PC, check under what serial port the board is visible and verify if serial communication works. If you are not sure how to do it, check instructions in section :doc:`establish-serial-connection`. Note the port number, as it will be required in the next step.

.. _get-started-configure-cmake:

Configure
=========

Naviagate to the directory of the ``hello_world`` application copy, and run the ``menuconfig`` project configuration utility:

Linux and MacOS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: bash

    cd ~/esp/hello_world
    idf.py menuconfig

Windows Command Prompt
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: batch

    cd %userprofile%\esp\hello_world
    idf.py menuconfig

.. note:: If you get an error about ``idf.py`` not being found, check the ``tools`` directory is part of your Path as described above in :ref:`get-started-setup-path-cmake`. If there is no ``idf.py`` in the ``tools`` directory, check you have the correct branch for the CMake preview as shown under :ref:`get-started-get-esp-idf-cmake`.

.. note:: Windows users, the Python 2.7 installer will try to configure Windows to associate files with a ``.py`` extension with Python 2. If a separate installed program (such as Visual Studio Python Tools) has created an association with a different version of Python, then running ``idf.py`` may not work (it opens the file in Visual Studio instead). You can either run ``C:\Python27\python idf.py`` each time instead, or change the association that Windows uses for ``.py`` files.

.. note:: Linux users, if your default version of Python is 3.x then you may need to run ``python2 idf.py`` instead.

If previous steps have been done correctly, the following menu will be displayed:

.. figure:: ../../_static/project-configuration.png
    :align: center
    :alt: Project configuration - Home window
    :figclass: align-center

    Project configuration - Home window

Here are couple of tips on navigation and use of ``menuconfig``:

* Use up & down arrow keys to navigate the menu.
* Use Enter key to go into a submenu, Escape key to go up a level or exit.
* Type ``?`` to see a help screen. Enter key exits the help screen.
* Use Space key, or ``Y`` and ``N`` keys to enable (Yes) and disable (No) configuration items with checkboxes "``[*]``"
* Pressing ``?`` while highlighting a configuration item displays help about that item.
* Type ``/`` to search the configuration items.

.. attention::

    When using ESP32-DevKitC board with ESP32-SOLO-1 module, enable single core mode (:ref:`CONFIG_FREERTOS_UNICORE`) in menuconfig before flashing example applications.

.. _get-started-build-cmake:

Build The Project
=================

.. highlight:: bash

Now you can build the project. Run::

    idf.py build

This command will compile the application and all the ESP-IDF components, generate bootloader, partition table, and application binaries.

.. code-block:: none

   $ idf.py build
   Running cmake in directory /path/to/hello_world/build
   Executing "cmake -G Ninja --warn-uninitialized /path/to/hello_world"...
   Warn about uninitialized values.
   -- Found Git: /usr/bin/git (found version "2.17.0")
   -- Building empty aws_iot component due to configuration
   -- Component names: ...
   -- Component paths: ...

   ... (more lines of build system output)

   [527/527] Generating hello-world.bin
   esptool.py v2.3.1

   Project build complete. To flash, run this command:
   ../../../components/esptool_py/esptool/esptool.py -p (PORT) -b 921600 write_flash --flash_mode dio --flash_size detect --flash_freq 40m 0x10000 build/hello-world.bin  build 0x1000 build/bootloader/bootloader.bin 0x8000 build/partition_table/partition-table.bin
   or run 'idf.py -p PORT flash'

If there are no errors, the build will finish by generating the firmware binary .bin file.

.. _get-started-flash-cmake:

Flash To A Device
=================

Now you can flash the application to the ESP32 board. Run::

    idf.py -p PORT flash

Replace PORT with the name of your ESP32 board's serial port. On Windows, serial ports have names like ``COM1``. On MacOS, they start with ``/dev/cu.``. On Linux, they start with ``/dev/tty``. See :doc:`establish-serial-connection` for full details.

This step will flash the binaries that you just built to your ESP32 board.

.. note:: Running ``idf.py build`` before ``idf.py flash`` is not actually necessary, the flash step will automatically build the project if required before flashing.

.. code-block:: none

    Running esptool.py in directory [...]/esp/hello_world
    Executing "python [...]/esp-idf/components/esptool_py/esptool/esptool.py -b 460800 write_flash @flash_project_args"...
    esptool.py -b 460800 write_flash --flash_mode dio --flash_size detect --flash_freq 40m 0x1000 bootloader/bootloader.bin 0x8000 partition_table/partition-table.bin 0x10000 hello-world.bin
    esptool.py v2.3.1
    Connecting....
    Detecting chip type... ESP32
    Chip is ESP32D0WDQ6 (revision 1)
    Features: WiFi, BT, Dual Core
    Uploading stub...
    Running stub...
    Stub running...
    Changing baud rate to 460800
    Changed.
    Configuring flash size...
    Auto-detected Flash size: 4MB
    Flash params set to 0x0220
    Compressed 22992 bytes to 13019...
    Wrote 22992 bytes (13019 compressed) at 0x00001000 in 0.3 seconds (effective 558.9 kbit/s)...
    Hash of data verified.
    Compressed 3072 bytes to 82...
    Wrote 3072 bytes (82 compressed) at 0x00008000 in 0.0 seconds (effective 5789.3 kbit/s)...
    Hash of data verified.
    Compressed 136672 bytes to 67544...
    Wrote 136672 bytes (67544 compressed) at 0x00010000 in 1.9 seconds (effective 567.5 kbit/s)...
    Hash of data verified.

    Leaving...
    Hard resetting via RTS pin...

If there are no issues, at the end of flash process, the module will be reset and "hello_world" application will be running there.

.. (Not currently supported) If you'd like to use the Eclipse IDE instead of running ``idf.py``, check out the :doc:`Eclipse guide <eclipse-setup>`.

.. _get-started-build-monitor-cmake:

Monitor
=======

To see if "hello_world" application is indeed running, type ``idf.py -p PORT monitor``. This command is launching :doc:`IDF Monitor <idf-monitor>` application::

    $ idf.py -p /dev/ttyUSB0 monitor
    Running idf_monitor in directory [...]/esp/hello_world/build
    Executing "python [...]/esp-idf/tools/idf_monitor.py -b 115200 [...]/esp/hello_world/build/hello-world.elf"...
    --- idf_monitor on /dev/ttyUSB0 115200 ---
    --- Quit: Ctrl+] | Menu: Ctrl+T | Help: Ctrl+T followed by Ctrl+H ---
    ets Jun  8 2016 00:22:57

    rst:0x1 (POWERON_RESET),boot:0x13 (SPI_FAST_FLASH_BOOT)
    ets Jun  8 2016 00:22:57
    ...

Several lines below, after start up and diagnostic log, you should see "Hello world!" printed out by the application.

.. code-block:: none

    ...
    Hello world!
    Restarting in 10 seconds...
    I (211) cpu_start: Starting scheduler on APP CPU.
    Restarting in 9 seconds...
    Restarting in 8 seconds...
    Restarting in 7 seconds...

To exit the monitor use shortcut ``Ctrl+]``.

.. note::

    If instead of the messages above, you see a random garbage similar to::

        e���)(Xn@�y.!��(�PW+)��Hn9a؅/9�!�t5��P�~�k��e�ea�5�jA
        ~zY��Y(1�,1�� e���)(Xn@�y.!Dr�zY(�jpi�|�+z5Ymvp

    or monitor fails shortly after upload, your board is likely using 26MHz crystal. Most development board designs use 40MHz and the ESP-IDF uses this default value. Exit the monitor, go back to the :ref:`menuconfig <get-started-configure-cmake>`, change :ref:`CONFIG_ESP32_XTAL_FREQ_SEL` to 26MHz, then :ref:`build and flash <get-started-flash-cmake>` the application again. This is found under ``idf.py menuconfig`` under Component config --> ESP32-specific --> Main XTAL frequency.

.. note::

   You can combine building, flashing and monitoring into one step as follows::

       idf.py -p PORT flash monitor

Check the section :doc:`IDF Monitor <idf-monitor>` for handy shortcuts and more details on using the monitor.

Check the section :ref:`idf.py` for a full reference of ``idf.py`` commands and options.

That's all what you need to get started with ESP32!

Now you are ready to try some other :idf:`examples`, or go right to developing your own applications.

Updating ESP-IDF
================

After some time of using ESP-IDF, you may want to update it to take advantage of new features or bug fixes. The simplest way to do so is by deleting existing ``esp-idf`` folder and cloning it again, exactly as when doing initial installation described in sections :ref:`get-started-get-esp-idf-cmake`.

Another solution is to update only what has changed. This method is useful if you have a slow connection to GitHub. To do the update run the following commands:

Linux and MacOS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: bash

    cd ~/esp/esp-idf
    git pull
    git submodule update --init --recursive

Windows Command Prompt
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: batch

    cd %userprofile%\esp\esp-idf
    git pull
    git submodule update --init --recursive

The ``git pull`` command is fetching and merging changes from ESP-IDF repository on GitHub. Then ``git submodule update --init --recursive`` is updating existing submodules or getting a fresh copy of new ones. On GitHub the submodules are represented as links to other repositories and require this additional command to get them onto your PC.

.. highlight:: bash

It is also possible to check out a specific release of ESP-IDF, e.g. `v2.1`.

Linux and MacOS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: bash

    cd ~/esp
    git clone https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf.git esp-idf-v2.1
    cd esp-idf-v2.1/
    git checkout v2.1
    git submodule update --init --recursive

Windows Command Prompt
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

.. code-block:: batch

    cd %userprofile%\esp
    git clone https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf.git esp-idf-v2.1
    cd esp-idf-v2.1/
    git checkout v2.1
    git submodule update --init --recursive

After that remember to :doc:`add-idf_path-to-profile`, so the toolchain scripts know where to find the ESP-IDF in it's release specific location.

.. note::

   Different versions of ESP-IDF may have different setup or prerequisite requirements, or require different toolchain versions. If you experience any problems, carefully check the Getting Started documentation for the version you are switching to.

Related Documents
=================

.. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1

    add-idf_path-to-profile
    establish-serial-connection
    eclipse-setup
    idf-monitor
    toolchain-setup-scratch

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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In the period from March to September, ie. E., For the past six months, the number of names in the .ru zone decreased by 22 000 units. Such statistics have led experts Coordination Center for TLD RU – KC. The head of the organization A. Kolesnikov argues that reducing the number of names in the .ru zone is due to the crisis observed in the Russian economy. All this aggravates a lot of competition between the bands, which have recently sprung up in RuNet a huge amount.
A similar situation is observed not only in the Russian segment of the Internet, but also in France, Germany, Italy and other EU countries. All the fault of the global financial crisis, which for some reason, the leaders of major countries of the world prefer to remain silent.
A similar situation involves reducing the size of domain zones in RuNet, even such popular as .ru, there will be a few more years. Then everything will be back to square one. As soon as the domestic business will survive the crisis, so he begins to acquire own web-projects, including in the zone .ru. To date, only a fifth of Russian companies can boast the presence of its own website.
KC Statistics indicates 5,000,000th number of domain names in .ru, which is 5-6 times greater than the number of names registered in another national online space – .rf.
Nevertheless, the number of domain zones is constantly growing. Thus, in September in RuNet started another project – a new domain zone ".rus." The project focuses on the Russian-speaking user, inhabiting different parts of the world. Open the zone decided to abandon the writing of Russian names in Latin.
The first step in the area will begin to record the names of trade brands and corporate companies. In the second stage, register your site in the online space can all comers.
Registration starts at the new national area .BEL will take place in the fourth quarter of 2014
Already in December 2014 will be held on the Internet release of the new Cyrillic domain zone – .BEL. Consequently, the register names here will be later this year. The corresponding statement was made by representatives of the administration of the other national Internet zone of the Republic of Belarus – .by – UE "Reliable program."
There is no information on the exact date of the premiere of the Russian-speaking area of the upper level .BEL.
The fact that the opening of the second in the national Internet space RB still takes place, it became apparent after the international regulator of domain zones, ICANN has approved the corresponding application. Internet space will support the Russian and Belarusian alphabets. Therefore, in the name of the site can be used such letters Belarusian alphabet as "i" and "¢".
To .BEL area was officially launched one the permission of ICANN is not enough. This event requires a number of other additional procedures.
Based on the statements made regarding planned for late 2014 release of the second-order national domain space of the Republic of Belarus, we can conclude that the remaining processes to conduct the administration of the zone is completely ready.
The head of the technical administration of the Internet space and .BY .BEL S. Povalishev reported that the opening of the second national domain zone for Belarus plays a great value. This is the first step towards the development of the Belarusian segment of the World Wide Web. In this Povalishev notes that at the expense of the intention to create additional space Cyrillic previously expressed a sufficiently large number of negative opinions.
"Alternative national domain .BY not only necessary, but also important. It will expand the range of Belarusian users, as well as provide a better chance of local enterprises to acquire the site in the Belarusian Internet space, "- said the head of the technical administration of the first Belarusian domain .BY.
Before starting the registration of new names in the .BEL will be held prior to the event receive applications from those who want to register a site in the Internet space


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A Hassocks pet centre owner has spoken of his heartbreak after his Landrover Freelander which was stolen on Christmas Eve was found damaged beyond repair.
Steve Edgington, 66, who owns Hassocks Pet Centre in Keymer Road, hoped he would find his beloved 4x4 he used to rescue animals – but this hope was shattered when he received a call from the police on Tuesday (January 15).
He said: "I had a call from the police to say they had recovered my vehicle in Brighton – it was apparently involved in a police incident, and it has been written off.
"It is such a shame – it is devastating, there is always that hope when something has been stolen or you have lost something – that you are going to get it back in one piece.
Steve paid thanks to people in the community who rallied to help him find the vehicle.
It is heartbreaking that it has ended like this.
He said he his vehicle was now at Woodbourne Service Station in Shoreham, which recovers vehicles: "I would like to go and say goodbye to her and it will be upsetting to see her in that condition, she didn't deserve it.
"I always kept her nice – she was beautiful, she had just passed her MOT – it is heartbreaking that it has ended like this.
"My car wasn't stolen by professionals, she was stolen by louts who just wanted to use her as a run around.
Sussex Police confirmed today that the vehicle had been involved in a police pursuit in Hove.


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24's David Fury, Manny Coto, Evan Katz, and Jon Cassar at Comic-Con 2007
24 Crew at Comic-Con 2007 – Day 2
By 24 Spoilers , July 27th, 2007
Here are some photos of 24 writers David Fury, Evan Katz, Manny Coto and director Jon Cassar during Day 2 of San Diego Comic-Con 2007 at the San Diego Convention Center.
Related Topics · 24 Season 7, Photos, Comic-Con, David Fury, Evan Katz, Jon Cassar, Manny Coto
24 Season 7 DVD Audio Commentaries
Here are all twelve audio commentaries from the 24 Season 7 DVD. 24 Season 7 Episode 1 commentary by Carlos Bernard (Tony Almeida) and director Jon Cassar: 24 Season 7 Episode 3 commentary by Carlos Bernard (Tony Almeida) and writers Brannon Braga, Manny Coto: 24 Season 7 Episode 5 commentary by director Jon Cassar and… View Article
24 Wins at 58th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards – Photos
By 24 Spoilers , August 27th, 2006
Here are some HQ photos of the cast of "24" accepting the award for Outstanding Drama Series onstage at the 58th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California. Kiefer Sutherland also won Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series. Congrats!
24: Live Another Day Premiere Screening Event Photos
By 24 Spoilers , May 2nd, 2014 · 2 comments
Here are some high-quality photos from the 24: Live Another Day world premiere screening event aboard the U.S.S. Intrepid in New York, NY. Cast members in attendance were Kiefer Sutherland, Mary Lynn Rajskub, Yvonne Strahovski, Kim Raver, Tate Donovan, Giles Matthey, Benjamin Bratt, and Gbenga Akinnagbe. Producers attending included Howard Gordon, Robert Cochran, Evan Katz,… View Article
24 Season 6 Prequel
Chloe O'Brian suffers tragic loss, returns damaged and heartbroken
24 Spoilers » 24 Season 7 » 24 Crew at Comic-Con 2007 – Day 2


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A seminar on ambrosia was held in Zrenjanin aimed at agriculturalists of Banat within the framework of the "Support to Allergen-Free Environment" (SAFE) Project, which resulted from the partnership among the European Affairs Fund - AP Vojvodina, Provincial Secretariat for Urbanism, Construction and Environmental Protection, City of Sombor and City of Baja. The seminar was opened by a representative of the city administration of Zrenjanin, after whom the attendees were addressed by the representatives of European Affairs Fund - AP Vojvodina, Provincial Secretariat for Urbanism, Construction and Environmental Protection, Palinology Laboratory of Faculty of Sciences in Novi Sad and Agricultural Expert Service Zrenjanin.
The seminar discussed the characteristics of ambrosia, its effects on the environment and inhabitants, measures to control the population of ambrosia, as well as activities done to suppress it on the territory of AP Vojvodina, with special focus on the territory of Zrenjanin. The "Guide for Agriculturalist on Identification, Harmfulness and Measures for Suppression of Ambrosia" was presented during the seminar. The SAFE Project, worth 390.350,00 euros in total, is EU-funded and co-financed by AP Vojvodina, under Hungary - Serbia IPA Cross-border Cooperation Programme.
This website has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The content of the website is the sole responsibility of the European Affairs Fund of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union and/or the Managing Authority.


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Super Bowl VII
Infobox SuperBowl
sb_name = VII
visitor = Miami Dolphins
home = Washington Redskins
visitor_abbr = MIA
home_abbr = WAS
visitor_conf = AFC
home_conf = NFC
visitor_total = 14
home_total = 7
visitor_qtr1 = 7
home_qtr1 = 0
date = January 14, 1973
stadium = Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
city = Los Angeles, California
attendance = 90,182
odds = Redskins by 1
MVP = Jake Scott, Safety
anthem = Little Angels of Holy Angels Church, Chicago
coin_toss = Tom Bell
referee = Tom Bell
halftime = Woody Herman and the Michigan Marching Band
network = NBC
announcers = Curt Gowdy and Al DeRogatis
rating = 42.7
share = 72
commercial = $88,000
last = VI
next = VIII
Super Bowl VII was an American football game played on January 14, 1973 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion following the 1972 regular season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Miami Dolphins (17–0) defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Washington Redskins (13-4), 14–7, and became the first, and presently the only team in the NFL to complete a perfect, undefeated season.
As the lowest scoring Super Bowl to date with a total of only 21 points (3 TDs and no Field Goals), the score indicates a much closer game than it actually was as the Dolphins' "No-Name Defense" dominated the game, allowing Washington to cross midfield only once in the first half and only four times overall. But Super Bowl VII is most memorable for the final two minutes of the game: Miami's quest for a perfect season was jeopardized when Dolphins kicker Garo Yepremian picked up a blocked field goal, batted it in the air, and Redskins' cornerback Mike Bass caught it and returned it 49 yards for a touchdown. Indeed, it was the longest period in a Super Bowl to date for one team to be shut out, as Washington was held scoreless until 2:07 remained in the fourth quarter.
Dolphins safety Jake Scott was named Most Valuable Player. He recorded two interceptions for 63 return yards, including a 55-yard return from the end zone during the 4th quarter. Scott became the second defensive player in Super Bowl history (after linebacker Chuck Howley in Super Bowl V) to earn a Super Bowl MVP.
The Dolphins went undefeated during the season, despite losing their starting quarterback. In the fifth game of the regular season, starter Bob Griese suffered a fractured right leg and dislocated ankle. In his place, 38-year-old Earl Morrall led Miami to victory in their nine remaining regular season games, and was the 1972 NFL Comeback Player of the Year. Morrall had previously played for Dolphins head coach Don Shula when they were both with the Baltimore Colts, where Morrall backed up quarterback Johnny Unitas and started in Super Bowl III.
But Miami also had the same core group of young players who helped the team advance to the previous year's Super Bowl VI. (The only Dolphins starter in Super Bowl VII over the age of 30 was 32-year-old Nick Buoniconti.) The Dolphins still had a powerful running attack, spearheaded by running backs Larry Csonka, Jim Kiick, and Eugene "Mercury" Morris. (Morris, who in previous seasons had been used primarily as a kick returner, took over the starting halfback position from Kiick, who had been the starter the previous four years. The more-experienced Kiick, however, would start in Super Bowl VII.) Csonka led the team with 1,117 yards and six touchdowns. Kiick contributed 521 yards and five touchdowns, and also caught 21 passes for 147 yards and another touchdown. Morris, a breakaway runner, rushed for 1,000 yards, caught 15 passes for 168 yards, added another 334 yards returning kickoffs, and scored a league-leading 12 rushing touchdowns. Overall, Miami set a record with 2,960 total rushing yards during the regular season, and became the first team ever to have two players rush for 1,000 yards in one season. Miami led the NFL in points scored (385).
Receiver Paul Warfield once again provided the run-based Dolphins with an effective deep threat option, catching 29 passes for 606 yards, an average of 20.9 yards per catch. Miami's offensive line, led by future hall of famers Jim Langer and Larry Little was also a key factor for the Dolphins' offensive production. And Miami's "No-Name Defense" (a nickname inspired by Dallas Cowboys head coach Tom Landry when he could not recall the names of any Dolphins defenders just before Super Bowl VI), led by future hall of fame linebacker Nick Buoniconti, allowed the fewest points in the league during the regular season (171). Safety Jake Scott recorded five interceptions. Because of injuries to defensive linemen (at the beginning of the season the Dolphins were down to four healthy defensive linemen) defensive coordinator Bill Arnsparger created what he called the "53" defense, in which versatile Bob Matheson (number 53) would be used as either a defensive end in the standard 4-3 defense or as a fourth linebacker in a 3-4 defense, with Manny Fernandez at nose tackle. As a linebacker, Matheson would either rush or drop back into coverage. Said Nick Buoniconti, "Teams would be totally confused."Nick Buoniconti, "Super Bowl VII," "Super Bowl: The Game of Their Lives," Danny Peary, editor. Macmillan, 1997. ISBN 0-02-860841-0]
The Dolphins' undefeated, untied regular season was the third in NFL history, and the first of the post-Merger era. The previous two teams to do it, the 1934 and 1942 Chicago Bears, both lost those years' NFL Championship Games. The Cleveland Browns completed a perfect season in 1948, including a Championship victory, when they were part of the All-America Football Conference.
After finishing the 1970 season with a 6–8 regular season record, the Redskins hired George Allen as their head coach, hoping he could turn the team's fortunes around. Allen's philosophy was that veteran players win games, so immediately after taking over the team, he traded away most of the younger team members and draft choices for older, more established players. His motto was "The future is now." Washington quickly became the oldest team in the NFL and earned the nickname "The Over the Hill Gang." The average age of starters was 31 years old. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect! The Untold Story of the 1972 Miami Dolphins," p239. Dolphins/Curtis Publishing, 2002 ISBN 0-9702677-1-1] However, Allen's strategy turned the Redskins around as the team improved to a 9–4–1 record in 1971, and finished the 1972 season with an NFC-best 11-3 record.
Washington was led by 33-year old quarterback Billy Kilmer, who completed 120 out of 225 passes for 1,648 yards and a league leading 19 touchdowns during the regular season, with only 11 interceptions, giving him an NFL best 84.8 passer rating. Kilmer had started the first three games of the season, was replaced in game four by 38-year-old Sonny Jurgensen, then replaced Jurgensen when he was lost for the season with an Achilles tendon injury. Their powerful rushing attack featured two running backs. Larry Brown gained 1,216 yards (first in the NFC and second in the NFL) in 285 carries during the regular season, caught 32 passes for 473 yards, and scored 12 touchdowns, earning him both the NFL Most Valuable Player Award and the NFL Offensive Player of the Year Award. Running back Charley Harraway had 567 yards in 148 carries. Future hall of fame wide receiver Charley Taylor and wide receiver Roy Jefferson provided the team with a solid deep threat, combining for 84 receptions, 1,223 receiving yards, and 10 touchdowns.
Washington also had a solid defense led by linebacker Chris Hanburger (four interceptions, 98 return yards, one touchdown), and cornerbacks Pat Fischer (four interceptions, 61 return yards) and Mike Bass (three interceptions, 53 return yards)
Morrall led the Dolphins to a 20-14 playoff win over the Cleveland Browns. However, Griese started the second half of the AFC Championship Game to help rally the Dolphins to a 21–17 victory over the Pittsburgh Steelers, largely due to a fake punt by Dolphin Larry Sieple.
Meanwhile, the Redskins advanced to the Super Bowl without allowing a touchdown in either their 16-3 playoff win over the Green Bay Packers or their 26-3 NFC Championship Game victory over the Cowboys.
uper Bowl pregame news and notes
Much of the pregame hype surrounded the chances of the Dolphins completing a perfect, undefeated season, as well as their quarterback controversy between Griese and Morrall. Griese was eventually picked to start the Super Bowl because Shula felt more comfortable with Morrall as the backup just in case Griese was ineffective due to his recent inactivity. Miami was also strongly motivated to win the Super Bowl after having been humiliated by the Dallas Cowboys in Super Bowl VI. Wrote Nick Buoniconti, "There was no way we were going to lose the Super Bowl; there was no way." Head coach Don Shula, loser of Super Bowls III and VI, was also determined to win. Although Shula was relaxed and charming when dealing with the press, it was all an act; Dolphins players described him as "neurotic" and "absolutely crazy." He was also sick Super Bowl week with the flu, which he kept secret. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!," p248.]
Still, many favored the Redskins to win the game because of their group of "Over the Hill Gang" veterans, and because Miami had what some considered an easy schedule (only two Dolphin opponents, Kansas City and the New York Giants posted winning records, and both of those teams were 8-6) and had struggled in the playoffs.
Allen had a reputation for spying on opponents. A school overlooked the Rams facility that the NFL designated the Dolphins practice field, so the Dolphins found a more secure field at a local community college. Dolphins employees inspected the trees every day for spies. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!," p239.]
Miami cornerback Tim Foley, a future broadcaster who was injured and would not play in Super Bowl VII, was writing daily stories for a Miami newspaper and interviewed George Allen and Redskin players, provoking charges from Allen that Foley was actually spying for Shula.Shelby Strother, "The Perfect Season," "NFL Top 40". Viking, 1988. ISBN 0-670-82490-9]
Allen was extremely uptight and prickly dealing with the press Super Bowl week, and accused the press of ruining his team's preparation. Allen pushed the team so hard in practices that the players joked among themselves that they should have left Allen in Washington. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!", p247.]
During practice the day before Super Bowl VII, the Dolphins' five foot seven, 150 pound kicker, Garo Yepremian, relaxed by throwing 30-yard passes to David Shula, Don Shula's son. During the pre-game warmups, he consistently kicked low line drives and couldn't figure out why. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!," p264.]
Television and entertainment
The game was broadcast in the United States by NBC with play-by-play announcer Curt Gowdy and color commentator Al DeRogatis.
This was the first Super Bowl to be televised live in the city in which it was being played. Despite unconditional blackout rules in the NFL that normally would have prohibited the live telecast from being shown locally, the NFL allowed the game to be telecast in the Los Angeles area on an experimental basis when all tickets for the game were sold. [http://www.nfl.com/history/chronology/1971-1980] The league then changed its blackout rules the following season to allow games sold out at least 72 hours in advance to be televised in the host market. No subsequent Super Bowl has ever been blacked out under this rule, as all have been sold out.
The pregame show was a tribute to Apollo 17, the sixth and last mission to date to land on the Moon and the final one of Project Apollo. The show featured the crew of Apollo 17 and the Michigan Marching Band.
Later, singer Andy Williams accompanied by the Little Angels of Chicago's Angels Church from Chicago performed the national anthem.
The halftime show, featuring Woody Herman and the Michigan Marching Band, was titled "Happiness Is" along with The Citrus College Singers and Andy Williams.
The game aired on NFL Network the day before Super Bowl XLII, where the then-undefeated New England Patriots faced the New York Giants.
According to Buoniconti, the Dolphins' priority on defense was to stop Larry Brown and force Kilmer to pass. Buoniconti looked at Washington's offensive formation on each play and shifted the defense so it was strongest where he felt Brown would run. This strategy proved successful. Washington's offensive line also had trouble handling Dolphins' defensive tackle/nose tackle Manny Fernandez, who was very quick. "He beat their center Len Hauss like a drum," wrote Buoniconti. Miami's defenders had also drilled in maintaining precise pursuit angles on sweeps to prevent the cut-back running that Duane Thomas had used to destroy the Dolphins in Super Bowl VI.
Washington's priority on defense was to disrupt Miami's ball-control offense by stopping Larry Csonka. [Shelby Strother, "Playing to Perfection," "The Super Bowl: Celebrating a Quarter-Century of America's Greatest Game". Simon and Schuster, 1990 ISBN 0-671-72798-2] They also intended to shut down Paul Warfield by double-covering him. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!," p256.]
As they had in Super Bowl VI, Miami won the toss and elected to receive. Most of the first quarter was a defensive battle with each team punting on their first two possessions. Then Miami got the ball on their own 37-yard line with 2:55 left in the first quarter. Running back Jim Kiick started out the drive with two carries for eleven yards. Then quarterback Bob Griese completed an 18-yard pass to wide receiver Paul Warfield to reach the Washington 34-yard line. After two more running plays, on third and four Griese threw a 28-yard touchdown pass to receiver Howard Twilley (his only catch of the game). Twilley fooled Fischer by faking a route to the inside, then broke to the outside and caught the ball at the five-yard line, dragging Fischer into the end zone. "Griese read us real good all day," said Fischer. Yepremian's extra point gave the Dolphins a 7-0 lead with one second remaining in the period. (Yepremian noticed that the kick was too low, just like his practice kicks). [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!," p264.]
On the third play of the Redskins' ensuing drive, Miami safety Jake Scott intercepted quarterback Billy Kilmer's pass down the middle intended for Taylor and returned it eight yards to the Washington 47-yard line. However a 15-yard illegal man downfield penalty on left guard Bob Kuechenberg nullified a 20-yard pass completion to tight end Marv Fleming on the first play after the turnover, and the Dolphins were forced to punt after three more plays.
After the Redskins were forced to punt again, Miami reached the 47-yard line with a 13-yard run by Larry Csonka and an 8-yard run by Kiick. But on the next play, Griese's 47-yard touchdown pass to Warfield was nullified by an illegal procedure penalty on receiver Marlin Briscoe (Briscoe's first, and only, play of the game). Then on third down, Redskins defensive tackle Diron Talbert sacked Griese for a 6-yard loss and the Dolphins had to punt.
The Redskins then advanced from their own 17-yard line to the Miami 48-yard line (their first incursion into Miami territory) with less than two minutes left in the half. But on third down and three yards to go, Dolphins linebacker Nick Buoniconti intercepted Kilmer's pass to Brown at the Miami 41-yard line and returned it 32 yards to the Washington 27-yard line. From there, Kiick and Csonka each ran once for three yards, and then Griese completed a 19-yard pass (his sixth completion in six attempts) to tight end Jim Mandich, who made a diving catch at the 2-yard line. Two plays later, Kiick scored on a 1-yard blast behind Little and Csonka with just 18 seconds left in the half, and Yepremian's extra point gave the Dolphins a lead of 14–0 before halftime (once again, Yepremian noticed the kick was too low).
Miami's defense dominated the Redskins in the first half, limiting Washington to 49 yards rushing, 23 yards passing, and four first downs.
The Redskins had more success moving the ball in the second half. They took the second half kickoff and advanced across midfield for only the second time in the game, driving from their own 30-yard line to Miami's 17-yard line in a seven-play drive that featured just two runs. On first down at Miami's 17-yard line, Kilmer threw to Charlie Taylor, who was open at the 2-yard line, but Taylor stumbled right before the ball arrived and the ball glanced off his fingertips. After a second-down screen pass to Harraway fell incomplete, left tackle Manny Fernandez sacked Kilmer on third down for a loss of eight yards, and Washington's drive ended with no points after kicker Curt Knight's ensuing 32-yard field goal attempt was wide right. "That was an obvious turning point," said Allen. Later in the period, the Dolphins drove 78 yards to Washington's 5-yard line, featuring a 49-yard run by Csonka, the second-longest run in Super Bowl history at the time. However, Redskins defensive back Brig Owens intercepted a pass intended for Fleming in the end zone for a touchback.
Early in the fourth quarter, Washington threatened to score by mounting its most impressive drive of the game, driving 79 yards from its own 11 to Miami's 10-yard line in twelve plays. On second down at the Miami 10-yard line, Kilmer threw to tight end Jerry Smith in the end zone. Smith was wide open, but the ball hit the crossbar of the goalpost and fell incomplete. Then on third down, Scott intercepted Kilmer's pass to Taylor in the end zone and returned it 55 yards to the Redskins 48-yard line.
After Miami moved the ball to the 34-yard line on their ensuing drive, kicker Garo Yepremian attempted a 42-yard field goal in what is now remembered as one of the most famous blunders in NFL lore: "Garo's Gaffe". As had been the case all day, Yepremian's kick was too low, and it was blocked by Washington defensive tackle Bill Brundige. The ball bounced to Yepremian's right and he reached it before holder Earl Morrall. But instead of falling on the ball, Yepremian picked it up and, with Brundige bearing down on him, made a frantic attempt to pass the ball to Csonka, [Larry Csonka and Jim Kiick, with Dave Anderson, "Always on the Run," p.218. Random House, 1973 OCLC|632348] who blocked on field goals. Unfortunately for Miami, the ball slipped out of his hands and went straight up in the air. Yepremian attempted to bat the ball out of bounds, [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!," p264.] but instead batted it back up into the air, and it went right into the arms of Redskins cornerback Mike Bass, who easily avoided Yepremian's feeble attempt at a tackle and returned the fumble 49 yards for a touchdown to make the score 14-7 with 2:07 left in the game.
To the surprise of some, the Redskins did not try an onside kick, but instead kicked deep. The Redskins were forced to use up all of their timeouts on the Dolphins' ensuing five-play possession, but forced Miami to punt (nearly blocking the punt) from its own 36-yard line with 1:14 remaining in the game, giving themselves a chance to drive for the tying touchdown. However, Miami's defense forced two incompletions and a 4-yard loss on a swing pass, and then defensive end Bill Stanfill's 9-yard sack on fourth down as time expired ended the game.
Griese finished the game having completed 8 out of 11 pass completions for 88 yards and a touchdown, with one interception. Csonka was the game's leading rusher with 15 carries for 112 yards. Kiick had 38 rushing yards, two receptions for six yards, and a touchdown. Morris had 34 rushing yards. Manny Fernandez had 11 solo tackles and six assists. Kilmer completed six more passes then Griese, but finished the game with just 16 more total passing yards and was intercepted three times. Said Kilmer, "I wasn't sharp at all. Good as their defense is, I still should have thrown better." Washington's Larry Brown rushed for 72 yards on 22 carries and also had five receptions for 26 yards. Redskins receiver Roy Jefferson was the top receiver of the game, with five catches for 50 yards. Washington amassed almost as many total yards (228) as Miami (253), and actually more first downs (16 to Miami's 12).
coring summary
*MIA - TD: Howard Twilley 28 yard pass from Bob Griese (Garo Yepremian kick) 7-0 MIA
*MIA - TD: Jim Kiick 1 yard run (Garo Yepremian kick) 14-0 MIA
*WAS - TD: Mike Bass 49 yard fumble return (Curt Knight kick) 14-7 MIA
uper Bowl postgame news and notes
As Shula was being carried off the field after the end of the game, a kid who shook his hand stripped off his watch. Shula got down, chased after the kid, and retrieved his watch. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!" p.268.]
Manny Fernandez was a strong contender for MVP. Wrote Nick Buoniconti, "It was the game of his life–in fact, it was the most dominant game by a defensive lineman in the history of the game, and he would never be given much credit for it. They should have given out two game balls and made Manny Fernandez the co-MVP with Jake Scott." Larry Csonka also said he thought Fernandez should have been the MVP. [Larry Csonka and Jim Kiick, with Dave Anderson, "Always on the Run," p.220.] The MVP was selected by Dick Schaap, the editor of SPORT magazine. Schaap admitted later that he had been out late the previous night, struggled to watch the defense-dominated game, and was not aware that Fernandez had 17 tackles. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!," pp.260-261.]
When Garo Yepremian went back to the Dolphins' sideline after his botched field goal attempt, Manny Fernandez said to him, "We lose this game, I'm gonna kill you." Nick Buoniconti told him that if they lost he would "Hang you up by one of your ties." [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!," p264.] Yepremian was so traumatized by his botched field goal attempt that he had to be helped from the post-game party by his brother because of a stress-induced stabbing pain down his right side. Depressed, he spent two weeks in seclusion until he was cheered up by a letter, apparently from Shula, praising him for his contributions to the team and urging him to ignore criticism. Yepremian kept the letter and mentioned it to Shula in 2000, but Shula had no knowledge of it. They concluded the letter was actually written by Shula's wife Dorothy, who died from breast cancer in 1991. She had signed her husband's name to it. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!" p.283.] Nevertheless, "Garo's Gaffe" made Yepremian famous and led to a lucrative windfall of speaking engagements and endorsements. "It's been a blessing," says Yepremian. [Dave Hyde, "Still Perfect!" p.268.]
tarting lineups
*Referee: Tom Bell
*Umpire: Lou Palazzi
*Head Linesman: Tony Veteri
*Line Judge: Bruce Alford
*Field Judge: Tony Skover
*Back Judge: Tom Kelleher
"Note: A seven-official system was not used until 1978"
*84 degrees, sunny, hazy
*1972 NFL season
*NFL playoffs, 1972-73
*The "Perfect Season"
* [http://www.superbowl.com/ Super Bowl official website]
*cite book | title=2006 NFL Record and Fact Book | publisher=Time Inc. Home Entertainment | id=ISBN 1-933405-32-5
*cite book | title=Total Football II: The Official Encyclopedia of the National Football League | publisher=Harper Collins | id=ISBN 1-933405-32-5
*cite book | title=The Official NFL Encyclopedia Pro Football | publisher=NAL Books | id=ISBN 0-453-00431-8
*cite book | title=The Sporting News Complete Super Bowl Book 1995 | id=ISBN 0-89204-523-X
* http://www.pro-football-reference.com - Large online database of NFL data and statistics
* [http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/super/superbowl-plays.htm Super Bowl play-by-plays] from USA Today (Last accessed September 28, 2005)
* [http://www.sportsnetwork.com/default.asp?c=sportsnetwork&page=nfl/superbowl/2005/superbowl-alltime-odds.htm All-Time Super Bowl Odds] from The Sports Network (Last accessed October 16, 2005)
Super Bowl VI
Super Bowl VIII
Super Bowl VII — 1 2 3 4 Gesamt Miami Dolphins 7 … Deutsch Wikipedia
Super Bowl VII — score de la rencontre 1 2 3 4 Total Dolphins 7 7 0 0 14 Redskins 0 0 0 7 7 Données clés Date … Wikipédia en Français
Super Bowl XLII — 1 2 3 4 Gesamt New York Giants 3 … Deutsch Wikipedia
Super Bowl XXXV — score de la rencontre 1 2 3 4 Total Ravens 7 … Wikipédia en Français
Super Bowl VI — Partido de Campeonato de la NFL Ubicación … Wikipedia Español
Super-Bowl — Der Siegerpokal, die Vince Lombardi Trophy Der Super Bowl ist das Finale der US amerikanischen American Football Profiliga National Football League (NFL). Er findet in der Regel am ersten Sonntag im Februar statt. Der Super Bowl ist weltweit… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Super Bowl Sunday — Der Siegerpokal, die Vince Lombardi Trophy Der Super Bowl ist das Finale der US amerikanischen American Football Profiliga National Football League (NFL). Er findet in der Regel am ersten Sonntag im Februar statt. Der Super Bowl ist weltweit… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Super Bowl VI — Infobox SuperBowl sb name = VI visitor = Dallas Cowboys home = Miami Dolphins visitor abbr = DAL home abbr = MIA visitor conf = NFC home conf = AFC visitor total = 24 home total = 3 visitor qtr1 = 3 visitor qtr2 = 7 visitor qtr3 = 7 visitor qtr4 … Wikipedia
Super Bowl XVII — Infobox SuperBowl sb name = XVII visitor = Miami Dolphins home = Washington Redskins visitor abbr = MIA home abbr = WAS visitor conf = AFC home conf = NFC visitor total = 17 home total = 27 visitor qtr1 = 7 visitor qtr2 = 10 visitor qtr3 = 0… … Wikipedia
Super Bowl MVP — Der Super Bowl MVP oder auch Super Bowl Most Valuable Player (deutsch: wertvollster Spieler des Super Bowl) ist eine Auszeichnung, die jedes Jahr im Anschluss an den Super Bowl, dem Endspiel der US amerikanischen National Football League (NFL)… … Deutsch Wikipedia


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Home » Business » Philly region lawmakers vote along party lines in impeachment of President Trump
Philly region lawmakers vote along party lines in impeachment of President Trump
Bydanielmenchaca on January 14, 2021
President Donald Trump made history on Wednesday when he became the first sitting U.S. president to be impeached twice.
The House of Representatives voted largely along party lines 232-197 to impeach Trump for inciting the violent insurrection that overtook the U.S. Capitol in Washington, D.C. last week.
However, 10 House GOP lawmakers joined their Democratic colleagues in voting to impeach Trump. Among those who crossed party lines included Wyoming Rep. Liz Cheney, the No. 3 House Republican.
But all nine lawmakers who represent the Philly region in the House voted along party lines as well to impeach Trump and send the article of impeachment to the floor of the U.S. Senate.
All seven House Democratic lawmakers from the region voted in favor of impeaching Trump.
We voted to hold the President accountable, but the work isn't done. We've got to pick up the pieces and rebuild.
— Andy Kim (@AndyKimNJ) January 13, 2021
Today, I signed on as cosponsor of these Articles of Impeachment against President Trump.
He must be held accountable. No one is above the law. https://t.co/3fXx5Bkp7U
— Donald Norcross (@DonaldNorcross) January 8, 2021
"Today, I voted to impeach the President for inciting a violent and deadly insurrection against our democracy. President Trump gravely endangered the security of the United States, threatened the integrity of the democratic system, (THREAD) https://t.co/KZcThCPaj2
— Rep. Brendan Boyle (@CongBoyle) January 13, 2021
Today I voted to impeach President Trump in connection with Trump's incitement of a violent attack on our nation that led to the deaths of six people, including two Capitol police officers. Here's my full statement: pic.twitter.com/tHI9eFvA3A
— Dwight Evans #CountEveryVote (@RepDwightEvans) January 13, 2021
It does not matter if a president incites a riot against Congress on their first day or their last.
These calls for unity mean nothing without accountability.
This president is a clear and present danger to our country. He must be impeached and removed from office. pic.twitter.com/eEETfasw5D
— Congresswoman Mary Gay Scanlon (@RepMGS) January 13, 2021
Last evening an 11-year-old girl joined our telephone town hall. Her question shook me to my core. She was worried about the future of this great nation, and I am too.
The President has endangered this nation & betrayed his oath.
He must be impeached. Our Republic must endure. pic.twitter.com/ENjiDrUV5Z
— Chrissy Houlahan (@RepHoulahan) January 13, 2021
This hateful rhetoric is a virus — it is time to remove the host our democracy is plagued with.
I urge all to support this article of impeachment. pic.twitter.com/OieB2GiJzC
— Congresswoman Madeleine Dean (@RepDean) January 13, 2021
Congresswoman Madeleine Dean, who represents most of Montgomery County and a small part of Berks County in Washington, D.C., is one of nine Democratic lawmakers who has been named an impeachment manager. Impeachment managers are responsible for making the case to the U.S. Senate for a president's removal from office.
The lone two House GOP lawmakers from the region, Rep. Brian Fitzpatrick and Rep. Jeff Van Drew, voted against impeaching Trump.
"Any impeachment proceedings occurring while our country's priority should be coming together would cause considerable harm towards achieving civility and unifying our country for the betterment of our future," said Fitzpatrick, who represents all of Bucks County and a sliver of Montgomery County in Congress.
Trump's impeachment will now head to the Senate, where a two-thirds majority of senators must vote in favor of impeachment to convict the sitting president.
A vote to convict the president would remove Trump from power and prevent him from running for office again.
Democratic senators are expected to vote in favor of convicting Trump. That group includes Pennsylvania Sen. Bob Casey, as well as Sen. Cory Booker and Sen. Bob Menendez from New Jersey.
President Trump should be impeached and removed from office because he betrayed his oath to the Constitution and incited a mob to violence.
— Senator Bob Casey (@SenBobCasey) January 11, 2021
Donald Trump is a threat to our national security and betrayed his oath of office.
The Vice President has failed to take action and invoke the 25th Amendment.
Now we must move forward in Congress with impeachment and remove the threat posed by this president.
— Cory Booker (@CoryBooker) January 13, 2021
For the good of the country, President Trump should step aside, but if he does not and if the House chooses to move forward with impeachment, I am prepared to sit in judgement as a member of the Senate.
My full statement ⬇ pic.twitter.com/aM84Ub9y5y
— Senator Bob Menendez (@SenatorMenendez) January 11, 2021
Several GOP senators, including Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, could also vote to convict the outgoing Republican president.
However, it is unclear yet how Pennsylvania Sen. Pat Toomey will vote. The two-term Republican senator has called on Trump to resign and has accused the president of having "committed impeachable offenses," but he has openly questioned whether impeachment was the best course of action in the presidency's final days.
"I don't know whether logistically it's actually really even possible or practical, and I'm not sure it's desirable to attempt to force him out, what a day or two or three prior to the day on which he's going to be finished anyway," Toomey said last Saturday. "So I'm not clear if that's the best path forward."
Trump leaves office next Wednesday, when President-elect Joe Biden will be inaugurated and sworn in.
Daniel Menchaca
Game Time, Odds, Schedule, TV Channel, Betting Odds, and Live Stream (Thursday, January 14th)
Casanova: Rumored girlfriend Disha Patani 'Can't Get Over' Tiger Shroff's amazing new music, fans call him pop star(Watch)
Tags: Congress, Donald Trump, House of Representatives, Impeachment, lawmakers, lines, News, party, philadelphia, Philly, politics, president, Region, Senate, Trump, U.S. Congress, u.s. house, u.s. senate, vote
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The measures that could save F1's struggling grandee teams
GP Racing
Formula 1's budget cap may come in to force too late to save some of the most cash-strapped teams - which is why they've taken proactive measures to save themselves, says MARK GALLAGHER
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After decades of wondering what it would take to level the playing field in Formula 1, we now have the answer - a change of commercial leadership, two years of agonising negotiations and a vicious global pandemic.
Like some unexpected superhero, the solution has turned up in the nick of time, although instead of wearing its underpants on the outside it comes in the form of a USD$145m budget cap. It's a nail-biting moment for McLaren and Williams, the former group having lost £133m in the first quarter of this year, the latter £13m for the whole of 2019.
More from GP Racing
The adapt or die mentality that will shape F1's future
The science F1 must defy to prevent Spa shambles repeat
The 'underestimated' 2022 rookie set to make F1 history
Why 2022 progress is crucial after Alfa's year of F1 turmoil
Vettel held Renault talks, would say yes to Red Bull F1 drive
Why Sainz can handle the pressure of Ferrari


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Washington Gov. Jay Inslee promises state action on net-neutrality protections
Originally published December 13, 2017 at 8:08 pm Updated December 13, 2017 at 8:58 pm
At issue is Thursday's planned vote on the plan put forth by FCC Chairman Ajit Pai to gut Obama-era rules meant to prevent broadband companies such as Comcast, AT&T and Verizon from exercising more control over what people watch and see on the internet.
RACHEL LA CORTE
OLYMPIA — A day ahead of a vote by the Federal Communications Commission on a plan to undo the country's net-neutrality rules, Washington Gov. Jay Inslee said Wednesday that he and other state leaders will take steps to protect consumers regardless of the outcome.
At issue is Thursday's planned vote on the plan put forth by FCC Chairman Ajit Pai last month to gut the Obama-era rules meant to prevent broadband companies such as Comcast, AT&T and Verizon from exercising more control over what people watch and see on the internet.
"Washington state will act under our own authority and under our own laws and under our own jurisdiction to protect the very important measure of net neutrality for all Washington citizens," he said. "We are not powerless."
The current rules, which ensure cable and phone companies don't manipulate traffic, were approved on a party-line vote by the FCC in 2015. A federal appeals court upheld the rules in 2016 after broadband providers sued. Now Republicans are the majority on the commission. Big telecom companies have said the regulations could undermine investment in broadband and introduced uncertainty about what were acceptable business practices.
What is net neutrality and why does it matter?
Net-neutrality protests move online, yet big tech is quiet
Verizon, Comcast working to ensure states don't pass their own net-neutrality rules
Jon Talton: Undoing neutrality an economic blow
Commentary: Net neutrality is fiction, no matter what the FCC does
Net-neutrality advocates say undoing these rules makes it harder for the government to crack down on internet providers who act against consumer interests and will harm innovation.
Inslee, who was joined by a bipartisan group of lawmakers and Attorney General Bob Ferguson, detailed several steps the state planned to take, either through rule or legislation. Those steps include setting up a statewide internet speed test for consumers to use, having state government do business with telecom companies that adhere to net-neutrality principles, and barring providers who are not net neutral from having access to utility poles.
A few bills have already been introduced seeking to bar internet service providers from violating net-neutrality principles such as blocking content or impairing traffic. The legislative session begins Jan. 8.
Ferguson said that he has been speaking with other attorneys general around the nation and will be evaluating the outcome of the vote and "examining whether that rule-making process followed the law."
He would not rule out litigation that may be taken by states if the vote goes as expected.


The image above is the first official screenshot of the new Haulix website. We are less than a month away from the long-awaited reveal of what we've been calling Project Falcon, and we honestly cannot wait to share the updated platform with the world at large. Our team has been working seven days a week for over a month to get us to this point, and we can finally see the end in sight. Just be patient a short while longer and we'll have a wealth of new information to share. We promise, the wait is almost over.
We recently returned for a trip to Music Biz 2016 in Nashville, and while we were on the ground a number of our readers made themselves known. We love meeting people who enjoy Haulix, and we love even more when those people want to discuss our business, as well as the industry in general. When we got back to Minneapolis you could feel a renewed excitement for our content efforts, and we hope that passion is reflect in the work we have been delivering. If you've not been keeping up, click here to visit our archives.
That is all the news we have to share this week. Tune in next week for a new podcast, an updated job board, and much more.


CUSTOM DESIGNED FOR THE ESSENTIAL OIL ENTHUSIAST - Fits up to 25 bottles 5-15ML in size. Won't fit roll-on bottles.
PROTECTION & SECURITY - Prevents your oils from damaging sunlight. Metal clasp adds extra security.
PERFECT GIFT - Beautiful display case is perfect as a gift for yourself or anyone who loves essential oils.
PLANT THERAPY QUALITY - Logo custom engraved on the top of box and inside the lid.


The Square working tool from our Working Tools Tuxedo Set as a Lapel Pin in Sterling Silver. Ideal as a Master's pin or a "traveling pin" for the office of The Master of the Lodge.
I purchased this pin recently and was delighted with it from the start. I got it as a gift so the fact that it was wonderffully packaged was a real bonus. I live in England, so the extra VAT and customs cost made it a bit expensive, but it is a wonderful piece and I'm really pleased with it.
I received the Brotherhood ring today, as scheduled, and i am very satisfied with it! Thanks for taking care!


I've been seeing a few posted on WUS. I like them and the X doesn't bother me.
Almost got this one on the last 15% off eBay day but went with the Sammy SOT for like $235. It's just a matter of time before I get one.


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Q: How to handle Swipe and Click event in the same cardview - Android I am working on a android app, which has card swiping functionality like Tinder. In each cards, I'm having a imageview, which on click, opens in full screen. My problem is when I try to swipe, the image view considers it as a click event and opens the image in full screen.
I'm having my code for imageview onclick in the card swipe adapter and the code for swipe in the main activity that uses the card swipe adapter. How can I restrict the child view from consuming the parent's event?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


It's estimated that, over the next five years, approximately 16 percent of National Grid's 16,000 U.S. employees will retire. As well as replacing retiring employees, the company hires for attrition and business growth, having added an estimated 1,800 employees in 2016. But there are many more ways the company actively anticipates its need to ensure a strong future workforce.
The latest example is National Grid's first-ever Trades Summer Camp, held in August. Designed to highlight the many energy careers that do not require a four-year degree, the jam-packed, three-day event attracted more than 30 high school students from the Syracuse City School District.
Hearing National Grid employees relate their own experiences, and taking part in career expos and hands-on activities, the students learned about energy safety, substations, natural gas delivery, meters and more. They explored company utility vehicles and tried on personal protective gear. They took field trips to the Fenner Wind Farm and the IBEW Local 43 apprentice training facility in Clay. The students also learned about careers in plumbing, electricity and carpentry, in partnership with Syracuse area minority-owned businesses. By the event's end, they'd even competed in a robotics competition with a robot they assembled themselves.


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Q: More advanced file write permissions in UWP I am making a simple UWP app that takes user input and stores it in an XML file. Eventually I'm going make that into an Open-XML esque file format which I can distribute to different people. I would like an easy way to write to the Documents folder like a normal C# application does. What would be the easiest way to do this. I considered using a sort of 'runner' application that would take command line arguments and write them to the requested folder, but that seems like a bit too much. Is there any other way?
EDIT: LOL after a ton of Googling, I couldn't find it. 5 minutes after I posted this, I found it. You can give this access in the package manifest by adding the following line of code:
<Capabilities><uap:Capability Name="documentsLibrary"/></Capabilities>
EDIT #2: Alternatively you can just use the FileOpenPicker and FileSavePicker

A: Your app will get rejected by the Windows Store if you include this capability in your manifest:
<Capabilities><uap:Capability Name="documentsLibrary"/></Capabilities>

You must use a FileSavePicker to ask permission from the user to access a certain file on disk. UWP does not allow you to freely roam the user's machine. The only full access you have, is the applications local/temp/roaming storage.