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Coachella Officials Have Rejected a Proposal for an Ambitious Desert X Artwork, Claiming It Would 'Exploit' Local Plight for Tourism
Contributor	on January 6, 2021
Desert X, Southern California's Coachella Valley art biennial, has always confronted environmental themes head on, using the harsh desert landscape to speak to global concerns about climate change.
But during preparations for the event's third edition, Coachella natives took umbrage with a planned installation about water insecurity by Ghanaian artist Serge Attukwei Clottey.
The city has now refused to grant permission for the project, citing ongoing problems related to arsenic-tainted groundwater in the eastern Coachella Valley. Instead, reports the Desert Sun, the work will be installed at a new, to-be-announced location.
"Ensuring that people don't feel that their issue is being appropriated and exploited for tourism is something that is very sensitive to our communities," council member Neftalí Galarza said during a December meeting. Desert X had been seeking a $30,000 grant for the artwork.
"We are deeply disappointed that the Coachella City Council made a decision not to host the work and troubled by the fact that the conversations it is intended to provoke proved too problematic for a district which struggles with precisely those issues," Desert X 2021 co-curator César Garcia-Alvarez told Artnet News in an email. "We are excited for audiences to experience this work in a remarkable location."
Clottey has coined the term "Afrogallonism" to describe his work, in which he recycles plastic yellow gallon containers that are ubiquitous in his native country. Originally filled with cooking oil, the containers are reused to transport water throughout Ghana, with villagers carrying the vessels long distances to reach potable wells.
"My work aims to shed light on and create a dialogue about the challenges communities around the globe experience in their fight for equitable water resource," Clottey told Artnet News in an email. "It's my dream to inspire local communities with the understanding that their unique environmental conditions are shared by many people around the world."
For Desert X, he planned to display two nine-foot-tall cubes of stacked containers overlooking the Coachella Valley, with a paved pathway of cut-up containers between them, evoking the Yellow Brick Road.
The biennial described the artwork as "an act of global solidarity" that warns "us of a coming global water crisis."
City council members suggested the artwork would be better placed in more wealthy areas of the Coachella Valley that might not be aware of the water issues facing much of the community.
This isn't the first time Desert X has been embroiled in controversy. Its organizers were roundly criticized for collaborating with Saudi Arabia on a 2020 exhibition following the Saudi state-sponsored murder of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi in 2018.
Desert X will be on view in sites throughout the Coachella Valley, February 6–April 11, 2021.
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Analysis Of Contribution Reports Of Electoral Trusts – FY 2019-20
Analysis of Funds Collected and Expenditure Incurred by Political Parties during Bihar Assembly Election, 2020
State Assembly Election 2021
Analysis of Assets & Liabilities of National & Regional Political Parties- FY 2018-19
Analysis of Re-contesting MPs and MLAs Who Changed Parties-Pan-India Since 2016
WEST BENGAL SURVEY REPORT - 2018
SIKKIM SURVEY REPORT - 2018
UTTAR PRADESH SURVEY REPORT - 2018
UTTARAKHAND SURVEY REPORT-2018
MIZORAM SURVEY REPORT - 2018
Lecture by Maj Gen Anil Verma (Retd) on "Politicising the Pandemic Impact on Electoral Democracy"
Who Funds your Netas- Now You may never Know | Democracy Diluted by Electoral Bonds
Announced in the 2017 Union Budget, electoral bonds are interest-free bearer instruments used to donate money anonymously to political parties. A bearer instrument does not carry any information about the buyer or payee and the holder of the instrument (which is the political party) is presumed to be its owner. The anonymity provided to donors donating electoral bonds has been a point of contention while introspecting the transparency of the scheme. Supreme Court despite concerns of transparency activists gave a green flag to Electoral Bonds ahead of the state polls. Barkha Dutt in conversation with Suhrith Parthasarthy, Anil Verma and Raghav Awasthi debates why electoral bonds are a point of contention for transparency activists.
Don't Think Electoral Bonds Will Help Combat Black Money, Says Retd Major General Anil Verma
Don't think #ElectoralBonds will help combat black money, says Retd Major General Anil Verma of @adrspeaks. He tells that he does not understand why the government wants to hide the identity of donors
Prof Jagdeep Chhokar, Founding Member & Trustee of ADR, on NRIs Vs MRIs
SEC proposes postal ballot system for NRIs, Founding Member of ADR, Prof Jagdeep Chhokar raises some valid concerns. 1. Of the estimated 1 crore population of NRIs across the world, 60 lakhs are eligible to cast votes. EC seems to be going through a lot of effort to ensure voting rights to NRIs while our own MRIs (Migrant Resident Indian) do not seem to enjoy the same privilege. 2. For an estimated 28.50 crore (38% of the total registered voters in the country) migrants in India who are eligible to cast votes, there is no practical arrangement in place by the EC to exercise their franchise. The recommendation of the EC that migrants register as voters in their place of work is not doable as they are always on the move and a majority of them are not literate. Investing their time in registering as voters means foregoing their wages for a few days, which will also be true in case they choose to travel back to their villages to cast votes. 3. A practical arrangement that allows 28.50 crore migrants to cast their votes conveniently from anywhere in the country rather than giving preference to 60 lakh NRIs is the need of the hour. 4. As per a Dec 21 media report, EC is examining a plan to allow migrants to vote in their candidates' constituencies and will deliberate on a conceptual framework of the technology to enable voting from anywhere. While this is an encouraging development, the conceptual framework is still to be discussed, which means there is still time, raising questions whether the same will be in place before the 2024 general elections.
EVM | EC Gives Different Answers To A Single RTI Query. Surprised? | The Quint
'Who says our fate will change?'
36 well-educated candidates in the fray
31 percent of UP third-phase candidates have criminal cases
Brisk polling on in Uttar Pradesh
Polling steady, peaceful in round three of UP polls

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Now reading: Sittin' Pretty with Anna Mae
Sittin' Pretty with Anna Mae
We had the chance to catch-up with the deeply talented and completely fabulous Anna Mae in the MG Studio in Nashville recently, AND we are in L-O-V-E.
"Sittin Pretty" is part new interview series and we couldn't be happier to have someone as cool and down-to-earth as Anna Mae be our first interview! Owner and OG Molly Green gal, Brittany sat down with her to trade fashion tips and talk about love, life, what exactly is a hobby farm, and her music.
Don't just take our word for how cool Anna Mae is, read the interview yourself. Read to the end to get links to Anna Mae's music and her new song "Single-Minded" out now!
Enjoy! xoxo, MG
Brittany: Where are you from?
Anna Mae: I'm from Minnesota. I grew up on a small farm.
Brittany: What kind of farm?
Anna Mae: It's a small hobby farm. A lot of people have never heard that term, but essentially it means it's on a few acres and we have 30 sheep, 30 chicken just a few of all different types of animals. Actually, my parents turned it into a wedding venue a few years ago so now it's a wedding venue/ hobby farm.
B: Gosh, cold though—
AM: Very cold! Now that I'm down here when I go home I'm like "This is awful! How did I do this? How did I survive??"
B: I know! I'm so ready for spring.
AM: Same here.
B: When did you start in music?
AM: Oh, well, it's something that I always kind of wanted to be doing. When I was a freshman in high school my mom and older sister were like 'You need to try out for the talent show.' So I did and I sang "Breath" by Anna Nalick, and I played my guitar. It was the first time I had ever done something like that, but it went well. I won the 'People's Choice Award' that night and I thought it was cool. So from there, I started to take more and more steps.
B: When did you move to Nashville?
AM: I moved here when I was 18. So I moved here and went to Belmont. I was like if I get in that's cool, I'll move and go there. If not, I'll still move to Nashville because that's where I knew I wanted to be pursuing music.
B: Is that what you went to school for?
AM: Yes, I went for music business to understand the business side of things. So that I would be smart in business situations.
B: What's been the most surprising thing for about the music industry in Nashville?
AM: When I moved here, I heard it was a 7 to 10-year town. Like it takes you 7 to 10 years to break into the industry, which isn't always the case, and I thought, 'I'm going to do it faster because I don't know if I have the patience for that…' but I've been here for six years and only in the last year is when things started happening. I know it's not always the case, but it's like putting in the work and the time here makes a huge difference because it takes connection and also just getting your head on straight to know what you're like, and what you want your music to be.
B: Do you karaoke?
AM: I do not karaoke. I'm competitive about things that I think I'm good at and so with karaoke, I can't do that because I can't get a very serious, and I don't know how to tone to it. The only one I've been to was Lonnie's. I don't know if you went there in college. When you're 18 it one of the only places you can go.
B: What music is on your iTunes or like in your car right now? What are you listening to you?
AM: I've been listening to Camila Cabello album non-stop. Then some of the old Bleachers music this morning and I never had listened to a bunch of it. One of my friends told me to listen to that song "Wake me" last week and it was amazing!
B: Cool, so do you use: Spotify, Tidal, Pandora, etc.?
AM: Spotify
B: What do you put on if you want to dance?
AM: I love the Katy Perry Teenage Dream album, and will always love it! If I hear anything from the album ever it makes me want to dance.
B: If you could hang out with any artist living or dead who would it be?
AM: Hmmm, that is a great question. My first thought is Katy Perry just because I love Katy Perry.
B: If you had a spirit animal artist who would that be?
AM: There is an artist call Dagny, and she's so cool. So right I'm like obsessed with everything she wears, how she has her hair, and her music and all that.
B: How do you categorize your music? The sound?
AM: I would say it's pop within alternative edgy so it's a little alt-leaning.
B: Okay, so leaning more to the fashion side of your life or just like you in general, do you have any daily rituals?
AM: Well, I think I might have a lot of the same habits, like when I get ready every morning I have a big counter on my vanity that I like to sit on top of in my pajamas and do my makeup and get fully ready for the day sitting cross-legged. After that when I see myself then I can figure out what I want to wear.
B: Do you have any secret talents?
AM: Secret talents…man, I feel like I should. I don't know if this is really a talent, but I think my body and like my neck cracks more than like anyone I've ever meet. So whenever I'm in a session, I'll crack my neck and they're like, 'What the heck?!'
B: Are they worried?
AM: Yeah, but I don't know if that's a talent, but I feel like I could beat most people so…
B: Fashion secret?
AM: Fashion secret? Hmm, I feel like I always wear, we'll actually I'm wearing them right now, I always wear black heeled leather boots, unless I'm wearing shorts or something, because to me, I feel like I can wear any outfit and that kind of ties it in to my own style and I feel confident with a little bit of boost.
B: Do they go with everything?
AM: Yeah!
B: What is always in your bag beside your wallet keys?
AM: My red lip stain from Sephora. It's like a reddish orange.
B: Where do want to travel next?
AM: I really want to go to London because I've never been there, but I feel like I'd really love it.
B: Same! I'm actually going there this fall. What's your favorite drink?
AM: Like "Drink" drink?
B: Haha, yeah.
AM: Gin and Tonic is my go to, always.
B: Do you believe in love at first sight?
AM: Yes, I do. But I don't think both parties have to always feel it at first. I don't know if that makes sense.
B: Yeah, it does! It worked out either way. Do you have any advice for someone thinking about moving to Nashville and getting into the music scene?
AM: I would say just move here and be willing to take whatever opportunity is in front of you and like even if it doesn't seem exactly on the track that you want to be. Just take advantage of all those opportunities because each thing opens up a door to something else and it all brings you closer.
B: So if the fashion boutique reaches out to you…
AM: Yeah, then you get to go talk to them and try on all their cool clothes.
To listen to Anna Mae's music and catch her new song "Single-Minded", click HERE.
Written by Molly Green
Ice Ice Baby (a.k.a How to Dress like a Figure Skater)
Will You Be My Galentine?


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2018 Season Preview – United KingdomDimitri Zagoroff2018-03-26T17:45:04-07:00
Glass Lewis presents a preview of the upcoming proxy season for the United Kingdom. Senior members of the Glass Lewis research team discuss key developments for the 2018 proxy season, including regulatory reforms, a pending new UK Corporate Governance Code, and increased focus on board skills and diversity.
Listen to or download the audio file here.
You can also read a summary of what to look for in our UK Season Preview Briefing here.
Martin Mortell – Director of Research, UK & Europe
Natasha O'Connor – Research Manager, UK & Ireland
Bernadette O'Donoghue – Senior Research Analyst, UK & Ireland
Cian Whelan – Analyst, UK & Ireland
Regulatory & political environment (0:38)
Executive compensation (2:35)
Board gender and ethnic diversity (4:06)
Updates to the UK Corporate Governance Code (5:20)
Proxy Paper developments: Board Skills Matrices (7:45)
Glass Lewis 2018 Policy Guidelines
Glass Lewis engagement policy
Meetyl


Victorious is a motorcycle inspired photography exhibition hosted by Sol Invictus Motorcycle Co. that showcases the work of Cole Bennetts, Cam Elkins from Stories of Bike, Kate Disher-Quill, Heleana Genaus from In Venus Veritas and Billy Zammit.
All five photographers have been influential in documenting the burgeoning custom motorcycle scene in Australia, providing their own unique take on the people behind the movement and the machines that embody their passion.
Victorious is supported by local craft brewery Murray's Craft Brewing Co, Australia's own premium vodka Alaskan Rock Vodka, Trolley'd Mobile Bar Service and Sydney retail institution The Stables.


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Cyber-Attack on Fertility Centers of Illinois
A company that operates multiple fertility centers across Northern Illinois has suffered a data breach because of a cyber-attack.
Fertility Centers of Illinois (FCI) reported the data breach to the Department of Health and Human Services' Office for Civil Rights (OCR) as affecting 79,943 current and former patients.
The unidentified attacker had access to some of the patients' protected health information (PHI) and was also able to access personal data belonging to FCI employees.
Third-party computer forensic specialists were hired by FCI after the company detected suspicious network activity on February 1, 2021.
While cybersecurity measures implemented by FCI ensured that the company's electronic medical record system could not be accessed, the attacker was able to get into administrative files and folders.
FCI reviewed the contents of the compromised files and by August 27, 2021, determined that they contained a range of patient data including names in combination with one or more of the following types of information: Social Security numbers, passport numbers, financial account information, payment card information, diagnoses, treatment information, medical record numbers, billing/claims information, prescription information, Medicare/Medicaid identification information, health insurance group numbers, health insurance subscriber numbers, patient account numbers, encounter numbers, referring physicians, usernames and passwords with PINs, or account login information.
Employee information potentially compromised in the cyber-attack included names, employer-assigned identification numbers, ill-health/retirement information, occupational health-related information, medical benefits and entitlements information, patkeys/reason for absence, and sickness certificates.
Since the attack occurred, FCI has made improvements to its cybersecurity posture, which include implementing enterprise-class identity verification software and providing extra training to its workforce on cybersecurity practices.
Data breach notifications have been mailed out to all affected individuals. FCI is offering victims complimentary credit monitoring and identity theft protection services for 12 months through Equifax.
News of the FCI attack follows the theft of data from America's largest fertility clinic operator, US Fertility, in September 2020. In November 2021, a fertility clinic in the United Kingdom also became the victim of cyber-criminals when ransomware was used to attack a medical record scanning company used by Lister Fertility Clinic.


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Urpo Ylönen (né le  à Käkisalmi en Finlande) est un joueur professionnel finlandais de hockey sur glace qui évoluait au poste de gardien de but.

Biographie

Joueur
Ylönen évolue tout d'abord pendant 13 saisons avec le TuTo Turku dans la SM-Sarja, ligue amateur finlandaise. En 1967, 1968, 1970 il est nommé joueur finlandais de l'année. Lorsque celle-ci devient une ligue professionnelle et adopte le nom de SM-liiga en 1975, il rejoint le TPS Turku et remporte immédiatement le titre de champion de Finlande. Après quatre saisons avec le TPS, il termine sa carrière en Allemagne de l'Ouest, en jouant pendant trois années avec le EHC Freiburg.

Au niveau international, il est convoqué dès 1963 dans l'équipe nationale finlandaise. De 1963 à 1976, il participe à huit championnats du monde et trois Jeux olympiques. En 1968, il fait partie de la deuxième équipe d'étoiles des Jeux olympiques puis, en 1970, il est nommé meilleur gardien du championnat du monde

Entraîneur
Il a mené l'équipe junior finlandaise à la médaille d'or lors des championnats du monde de 1987 et la médaille de bronze à ceux de 1988.

Postérité
En 1988, il est intronisé au Temple de la renommée du hockey finlandais et devient le  (« Lion du hockey sur glace ») numéro 61. En 1995, la SM-liiga l'honore en renommant le trophée remis au meilleur gardien de la saison trophée Urpo-Ylönen. En 1997, c'est au tour de la fédération internationale de hockey sur glace de lui rendre hommage en l'intronisant à son propre temple de la renommée.

Références

Naissance en mai 1943
Naissance en Finlande
Joueur international finlandais de hockey sur glace
Joueur du TPS (hockey sur glace)
Joueur de hockey sur glace aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1964
Joueur de hockey sur glace aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1968
Joueur de hockey sur glace aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1972
Membre du Temple de la renommée de l'IIHF
Membre du Temple de la renommée du hockey finlandais
Joueur du EHC Freiburg
Gardien de but de hockey sur glace
Joueur de hockey sur glace aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1976

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


No date has been set on when high speed train services will be extended to 1066 Country.
Business leaders, politicians and rail users met at Hastings and Rye MP, Amber Rudd's rail summit on Friday (September 14), held at Sussex Coast College in Hastings.
The case for HS1 (High Speed 1) services was put forward at the event.
At last year's summit it was revealed that extension of the high speed rail link from Ashford to Hastings and Bexhill would be a reality by 2024 at the latest.
But at Friday's summit, no date could be pledged.
Ms Rudd said: "I understand everyone's impatience which is why I have made HS1 my priority.
"The technology for it is moving our way and the business case for HS1 has to be made in order to get the investment, both public and private. It seems absurd that we do not have faster trains to London while other coastal towns do.
"I understand everyone wants a date on when HS1 will happen but we can't say.
The project would involve electrifying the Marshlink allowing for high-speed Javelin trains to serve Bexhill, Hastings and Rye from Ashford, which would link up to the HS1 route to London St Pancras.
Hastings to London would take 68 minutes instead of around 100 and from Rye it would be under an hour rather than up to 85 minutes.
The project would be delivered in three phases. Phase 1 is the proposed enhancement to the track layout to the west of Ashford.
Network Rail recently completed its topographical survey of the area and is starting detailed design of the required solution.
Phase 2 of the scheme is the potential for line speed increases designed to improve journey time reductions between Eastbourne and Ashford. The final phase would be electrification.
Andrew Wood, senior commercial scheme sponsor at Network Rail, said the cost of partially or fully electrifying the Marshlink line would be 'very high'.
He said initial design work has been completed with £200,000 of investment from East Sussex County Council and the Department for Transport.
The second part of the design for Phase 1 will be costed by late autumn with work expected to start in early 2020.
Bexhill MP Huw Merriman said: "The south east puts £200bn into the country's economy so we are the goose that lays the golden egg.
"The message I always say is that if you continue to invest in us you are investing in the UK as a whole.
"We make the case not just for our back yard but our back yard being the stimulus for the rest of the UK.
Graham Peters, chairman of Team East Sussex and vice-chairman of South East Local Enterprise Partnership, said: "Our physical infrastructure and journey times to the Channel Tunnel and ferry ports lag far behind our aspirations and potential. Our physical connectivity remains very much second-rate.
"The south east towns are the geese which lay the golden eggs for the UK economy and we really must nurture and feed them.
Cllr Keith Glazier, leader of East Sussex County Council and chairman of Transport for the South East, said: "Our key ambition is putting in sustainable growth for enterprise and the people of East Sussex and without that we will stagnate.
"To achieve our ambition we need housing and we need industry.
"Without HS1 coming to Hastings it will be an opportunity missed.
Jo Johnson, Minister of State for the Department of Transport and Orpington MP, said the Government will be investing 'record amounts of money' into the UK's rail network, to the tune of £48bn between 2019 and 2024.


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Rs 5 crore defamation case filed against Alt News and its co-founder Pratik Sinha for breach of privacy by a private citizen
[email protected] November 21, 2018
Angered for making the Sabarimala devotees sleep near dustbins, this is how the BJP chief Amit Shah warned the..
Congress party in Madhya Pradesh left embarrassed after villagers ask 'Why Should We Vote For You?'
Angered for making the Sabarimala..
Congress party in Madhya Pradesh..
Alt News, the darling of the left wing and the Congress party is in trouble for breach of privacy of a private citizen in an attempt to attack the Modi followers. It is a known fact that one of the founder of Alt News usually spreads fake news using his troll page "Unofficial Sussy Swamy" on social media.
But look at the hypocrisy. At another end by donning the mask called "Fact Checker", this website named "Alt News" attacks the right wingers, especially the hardcore supporters of BJP and PM Modi.
This time it carried out a hit job at a private citizen but landed itself in trouble as a Rs 5 crore legal notice has been served against Alt News and its co-founder Pratik Sinha.
On November 18th, the private citizen who runs the twitter handle "The Skin Doctor" issued a statement that read:
Glad that already declining Alt News could earn a few bucks by targeting a private citizen. I'm not complaining. It's a war of existence for them and all is fair in war. However, I deny the "allegations" they made on me. Having said that running multiple Twitter accounts is not illegal. But what Alt News did is illegal. Publishing private images (sec 66E), breach of privacy (sec 72) and misrepresentation (sec 71) are all punishable offences. I've already filed a police complaint. I have also consulted my lawyers and appropriate legal action against Pratik and his website will be taken soon.
Now he has served a legal notice to the propaganda website Alt News and its co-founder Pratik Sinha. The lawyer on behalf of the private citizen who runs a twitter handle "The Skin Doctor" said the editorial published by Alt News has created a negative impression in the minds of people about his client and has a potential of affecting my client's professional and private life.
The notice also demanded to take down the article targeting the man running the twitter handle "The Skin Doctor" within 48 hours and also demanded to tender an open and public apology.
The notice further stated "My client believes that a sum of Rs 5 crores be paid as damages for use of such malicious and derogatory information on a public forum, visible to millions of users and reported in various social media platforms".
After this, won't say anything more on this issue. Matter will now be settled in court only. pic.twitter.com/rJHFKst90A
— THE SKIN DOCTOR (@theskindoctor13) November 20, 2018
Alt News BJP Congress fake news Left wing Legal Notice PM Modi Pratik Sinha Right wing The Skin Doctor Twitter


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Rapid-onset clinical and mechanistic effects of anti-C5aR treatment in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model
Christina Thulin Andersson, Carola S Wenander, Pernille A Usher, Josephine B Hebsgaard, Bodil C Sondergaard, B Rono, Charles R Mackay, Birgitte N Friedrichsen, C Chang, R Tang, L Hornum
Preclinical evidence supports targeting the C5a receptor (C5aR) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To support ongoing clinical development of an anti-C5aR monoclonal antibody, we have investigated for the first time the mechanism of action and the pharmacodynamics of a blocking anti-murine C5aR (anti-mC5aR) surrogate antibody in mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). First, efficacy was demonstrated in a multiple-dose treatment study. Almost complete inhibition of clinical disease progression was obtained, including reduced bone and cartilage destruction in anti-mC5aR-treated mice. Then, the mechanism of action was examined by looking for early effects of anti-mC5aR treatment in single-dose treatment studies. We found that 48 h after single-dose treatment with anti-mC5aR, the neutrophil and macrophage infiltration into the paws was already reduced. In addition, several inflammatory markers, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A were reduced locally in the paws, indicating reduction of local inflammation. Furthermore, dose-setting experiments supported a beneficial clinical effect of dosing above the C5aR saturation level. In conclusion, these preclinical data demonstrated rapid onset effects of antibody blockade of C5aR. The data have translational value in supporting the Novo Nordisk clinical trials of an anti-C5aR antibody in rheumatoid arthritis patients, by identifying potential biomarkers of treatment effects as well as by providing information on pharmacodynamics and novel insights into the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibody blockade of C5aR.
Clinical and Experimental Immunology
https://doi.org/10.1111/cei.12338
Andersson, C. T., Wenander, C. S., Usher, P. A., Hebsgaard, J. B., Sondergaard, B. C., Rono, B., ... Hornum, L. (2014). Rapid-onset clinical and mechanistic effects of anti-C5aR treatment in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 177(1), 219 - 233. https://doi.org/10.1111/cei.12338
Andersson, Christina Thulin ; Wenander, Carola S ; Usher, Pernille A ; Hebsgaard, Josephine B ; Sondergaard, Bodil C ; Rono, B ; Mackay, Charles R ; Friedrichsen, Birgitte N ; Chang, C ; Tang, R ; Hornum, L. / Rapid-onset clinical and mechanistic effects of anti-C5aR treatment in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model. In: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 2014 ; Vol. 177, No. 1. pp. 219 - 233.
@article{63a384af74074a8c93cac87e54a318d4,
title = "Rapid-onset clinical and mechanistic effects of anti-C5aR treatment in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model",
abstract = "Preclinical evidence supports targeting the C5a receptor (C5aR) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To support ongoing clinical development of an anti-C5aR monoclonal antibody, we have investigated for the first time the mechanism of action and the pharmacodynamics of a blocking anti-murine C5aR (anti-mC5aR) surrogate antibody in mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). First, efficacy was demonstrated in a multiple-dose treatment study. Almost complete inhibition of clinical disease progression was obtained, including reduced bone and cartilage destruction in anti-mC5aR-treated mice. Then, the mechanism of action was examined by looking for early effects of anti-mC5aR treatment in single-dose treatment studies. We found that 48 h after single-dose treatment with anti-mC5aR, the neutrophil and macrophage infiltration into the paws was already reduced. In addition, several inflammatory markers, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A were reduced locally in the paws, indicating reduction of local inflammation. Furthermore, dose-setting experiments supported a beneficial clinical effect of dosing above the C5aR saturation level. In conclusion, these preclinical data demonstrated rapid onset effects of antibody blockade of C5aR. The data have translational value in supporting the Novo Nordisk clinical trials of an anti-C5aR antibody in rheumatoid arthritis patients, by identifying potential biomarkers of treatment effects as well as by providing information on pharmacodynamics and novel insights into the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibody blockade of C5aR.",
author = "Andersson, {Christina Thulin} and Wenander, {Carola S} and Usher, {Pernille A} and Hebsgaard, {Josephine B} and Sondergaard, {Bodil C} and B Rono and Mackay, {Charles R} and Friedrichsen, {Birgitte N} and C Chang and R Tang and L Hornum",
doi = "10.1111/cei.12338",
pages = "219 -- 233",
journal = "Clinical and Experimental Immunology",
publisher = "Blackwell Science Ltd Oxford BSL",
Andersson, CT, Wenander, CS, Usher, PA, Hebsgaard, JB, Sondergaard, BC, Rono, B, Mackay, CR, Friedrichsen, BN, Chang, C, Tang, R & Hornum, L 2014, 'Rapid-onset clinical and mechanistic effects of anti-C5aR treatment in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model', Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol. 177, no. 1, pp. 219 - 233. https://doi.org/10.1111/cei.12338
Rapid-onset clinical and mechanistic effects of anti-C5aR treatment in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model. / Andersson, Christina Thulin; Wenander, Carola S; Usher, Pernille A; Hebsgaard, Josephine B; Sondergaard, Bodil C; Rono, B; Mackay, Charles R; Friedrichsen, Birgitte N; Chang, C; Tang, R; Hornum, L.
In: Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Vol. 177, No. 1, 2014, p. 219 - 233.
T1 - Rapid-onset clinical and mechanistic effects of anti-C5aR treatment in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model
AU - Andersson, Christina Thulin
AU - Wenander, Carola S
AU - Usher, Pernille A
AU - Hebsgaard, Josephine B
AU - Sondergaard, Bodil C
AU - Rono, B
AU - Mackay, Charles R
AU - Friedrichsen, Birgitte N
AU - Chang, C
AU - Tang, R
AU - Hornum, L
N2 - Preclinical evidence supports targeting the C5a receptor (C5aR) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To support ongoing clinical development of an anti-C5aR monoclonal antibody, we have investigated for the first time the mechanism of action and the pharmacodynamics of a blocking anti-murine C5aR (anti-mC5aR) surrogate antibody in mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). First, efficacy was demonstrated in a multiple-dose treatment study. Almost complete inhibition of clinical disease progression was obtained, including reduced bone and cartilage destruction in anti-mC5aR-treated mice. Then, the mechanism of action was examined by looking for early effects of anti-mC5aR treatment in single-dose treatment studies. We found that 48 h after single-dose treatment with anti-mC5aR, the neutrophil and macrophage infiltration into the paws was already reduced. In addition, several inflammatory markers, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A were reduced locally in the paws, indicating reduction of local inflammation. Furthermore, dose-setting experiments supported a beneficial clinical effect of dosing above the C5aR saturation level. In conclusion, these preclinical data demonstrated rapid onset effects of antibody blockade of C5aR. The data have translational value in supporting the Novo Nordisk clinical trials of an anti-C5aR antibody in rheumatoid arthritis patients, by identifying potential biomarkers of treatment effects as well as by providing information on pharmacodynamics and novel insights into the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibody blockade of C5aR.
AB - Preclinical evidence supports targeting the C5a receptor (C5aR) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To support ongoing clinical development of an anti-C5aR monoclonal antibody, we have investigated for the first time the mechanism of action and the pharmacodynamics of a blocking anti-murine C5aR (anti-mC5aR) surrogate antibody in mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). First, efficacy was demonstrated in a multiple-dose treatment study. Almost complete inhibition of clinical disease progression was obtained, including reduced bone and cartilage destruction in anti-mC5aR-treated mice. Then, the mechanism of action was examined by looking for early effects of anti-mC5aR treatment in single-dose treatment studies. We found that 48 h after single-dose treatment with anti-mC5aR, the neutrophil and macrophage infiltration into the paws was already reduced. In addition, several inflammatory markers, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17A were reduced locally in the paws, indicating reduction of local inflammation. Furthermore, dose-setting experiments supported a beneficial clinical effect of dosing above the C5aR saturation level. In conclusion, these preclinical data demonstrated rapid onset effects of antibody blockade of C5aR. The data have translational value in supporting the Novo Nordisk clinical trials of an anti-C5aR antibody in rheumatoid arthritis patients, by identifying potential biomarkers of treatment effects as well as by providing information on pharmacodynamics and novel insights into the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibody blockade of C5aR.
UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cei.12338/epdf
U2 - 10.1111/cei.12338
DO - 10.1111/cei.12338
JO - Clinical and Experimental Immunology
JF - Clinical and Experimental Immunology
Andersson CT, Wenander CS, Usher PA, Hebsgaard JB, Sondergaard BC, Rono B et al. Rapid-onset clinical and mechanistic effects of anti-C5aR treatment in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis model. Clinical and Experimental Immunology. 2014;177(1):219 - 233. https://doi.org/10.1111/cei.12338
10.1111/cei.12338
RM sElocation


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Q: A possible object cycle was detected when serializing entity-model to JSON I have a webapi project that written using C# and built on the top of ASP.NET Core/5 framework.
The API return JSON data.
Here is an example of one endpoint
[HttpGet]
public async Task<ActionResult<TModel[]>> QueryAsync(
   [FromQuery(Name = "filter")] string filter = null,
   [FromQuery(Name = "expand")] string expand = null)
{
    IQueryable<TModel> query = GetQuery(filter, expand);

    var models = await query.ToArrayAsync();

    return Ok(models);
}

In the above request, the expand will tell the server which navigation properties to expand. When the user request to expand a property, I get the following error
A possible object cycle was detected. This can either be due to a cycle or if the object depth is larger than the maximum allowed depth of 32. Consider using ReferenceHandler.Preserve on JsonSerializerOptions to support cycles

Following the instruction from the error, I added the following to the Startup class
services.AddControllers().AddJsonOptions(options =>
{
    options.JsonSerializerOptions.Converters.Add(new JsonStringEnumConverter());
    // added this
    options.JsonSerializerOptions.ReferenceHandler = ReferenceHandler.Preserve;
});

The above change did fix the problem! However, it introduced another problem. The new problem is that it changed the structure of the output.
The output went from something like this
{
  // properties

  "relations": [
     {
         // relation 1
         "parent": null
     },
     {
         // relation 2
         "parent": null
     }
   ]
}

to something like this
{
  "$id": "1",
  // properties

  "relations": {
     "$id": "2",
     "$values": [
         {
             // relation 1 properties
             "$id": "3",
             "parent": {
                 "$ref": 1
             }
         },
         {
            // relation 2 properties
            "$id": "3",
            "parent": {
                 "$ref": 1
             }
         }
     ]
   }
}

Is there a way to not change the structure of the output and instead ignore the circular reference?

A: There is a similar question here, where one of the answers mentions the same issue you're having: .Net Core 3.0 possible object cycle was detected which is not supported
Some of the things mentioned there:
If you're on .NET 6 you can use
JsonSerializerOptions options = new()
{
    ReferenceHandler = ReferenceHandler.IgnoreCycles,
    WriteIndented = true
};

alternatively, depending on what you need to achieve, you might want to just ignore looping properties altogether.
The proper solution though would be to find out where exactly your references are looping and exclude the property(s) in question from serialization, or supply them in a format that doesn't loop (such as an id or similar)

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