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SARAH RUTHLESS
Claire Denis: "White Material" vs. "35 Shots of Rum"
And just like that, we are off and running into Matriarch Madness!
Our first Matriarch of Filmmaking is the legendary Claire Denis. Before we delve into an analyses on two of her most iconic pictures, a little background...
Claire Denis was born in France, but lived in the French-speaking parts of Africa until she was a adult. Her father was a civil servant, and made a point of moving the family around every two years so the kids could "get a sense of geography." Her experience growing up as a racial minority has noticeably colored her work, in the sense that she seems to have worked towards transcending race altogether. "It was very embarrassing," she has said of her upbringing, "Not because I was white, but because I was not black."
In her early 20s, she married a much older man who was a photographer and artist. Although their marriage didn't last, it was he who encouraged her to go to school for filmmaking. Her first film, Chocolat, was met with critical acclaim.
She has described herself as "filming fast and editing slowly," and is notorious for filming on location over working in a studio. It's been said that she will position her actors before the camera as if they were posing for still photography, and luxuriates in the tangible sensuality of their bodies and the terrain they occupy.
Denis's films can be hard to find in the United States, but she is beloved by many young American filmmakers for, among other things, her artful confrontations with race. Barry Jenkins, the director of "Moonlight," which won last year's Academy Award for Best Picture, told me, "I get the sense that she truly just doesn't give a shit, that it doesn't occur to her that she shouldn't be 'allowed' to handle this material. It's not a foreign world to her, in a way it might appear to be when you look at her and see a white Frenchwoman." He continued, "You watch 'Chocolat,' and it's remarkable. This is a first movie by someone who has not one question about what her rights are as a storyteller." - Alice Gregory
White Material (2009)
Directed by: Claire Denis
Written by: Claire Denis & Marie N'Diaye
Starring: Isabelle Huppert, Nicolas Duvauchelle, & Isaach De Bankolé
IMDB description: Amidst turmoil and racial conflict in an unnamed Francophone African state, a white French woman fights for her coffee crop, her family and ultimately for her life.
Within the opening 10 seconds of the film, you know exactly what Denis' style is: slow, lingering shots, all done with a shaky hand-held camera. We are glued to Isabelle's body, sometimes uncomfortably close, sometimes achingly far away. We see so many things, with so little dialogue, music, or intentional narrative to tell us how we should feel about it. For better or for worse, we get to choose how these images make us feel: A crowded bus. An abandoned shoe. A woman seen through a door. Running through a field, from something or towards something we do not know.
I also have to point out here that there are literally so, so many shots of the back of Isabelle's head. I am sure there is some film school rhetoric out there that says if you employ this technique, it's a subconscious indicator of delving into their psyche. And I'm not saying it didn't work... you spend so much time behind Isabelle's wispy, carefree (or careless?) ponytail, that she becomes anonymous without you even realizing it. And because the shots are mostly quite close, you don't feel foreboding or stalker-ish... If anything, she almost becomes like a mother leading you by the hand through this dusty and violent world.
I am inclined to wonder how this film would have been different if we had been facing our protagonist. I'm inclined to believe she would have been immediately "othered." She would have become subconsciously objectified, and because of that, much less forgivable. It's so much easier to judge someone when you're looking them in the eyes. When you're trailing along behind them... you're just trying to keep up.
To be fair, it was effective... I'm just not entirely sure what it was actually trying to be effective at. Which is kind of Claire Denis' whole thing: she refuses to emotionally manipulate her audience. You get to choose how the work makes you feel. But if I'm being honest, by the end of it, I mostly just felt like Pam:
The hardest part of this film for me was still in not judging Isabelle's character. As we follow her around her new war-torn village, she is stopped by an African soldier who tells her she is disgusting and basically all the violence in the country is her fault. She doesn't flinch, she doesn't argue. In fact, a few scenes later, she mutters his words back to herself like a chant. Is it blatant ignorance? Is it heartbreaking defeat? I AM NOT SURE.
ADDENDUM: I was remiss not to point out in my initial publication of this post that White Material was co-written by an extraordinary woman of color, the accomplished writer Marie N'Diaye. Knowing that does change my judgement of this piece somewhat... but still little to help relieve this unshakable discomfort. Perhaps that has less to do with the White Privilege of it all, and more to do with the fact that Denis' films make no promises to be "comfortable."]
The fact of the matter is, I can't help but view this film through the lens of my over-active white guilt cringe muscles. On the one hand, there is a part of Isabelle desperately fighting to keep her farm that is inspiring and devastating because it's all she has left in the world, and because you know she will fail. And on the other hand, you feel like she SHOULD fail. I couldn't help but yell at my screen, "Go home!" because it wasn't a battle worth fighting. It wasn't her land. She didn't have any right to be there. It's not like she was traipsing around in white linens and drinking lemonade on the porch (although she does wear a super iconic light pink dress and run through the fields a lot). She gets dirty and sweaty. She drives a big ol' truck. She gets guns pointed in her face by African teenagers. She works on her own farm. But it still feels... wrong? Am I shitty for saying it feels wrong? Am I shitty if I DON'T say it feels wrong? Unclear.
"Isabelle Huppert, small and slender, embodies the strength of a fighter. In so many films, she is an indomitable force, yet you can't see how she does it. She rarely acts broadly. The ferocity lives within. Sometimes she is mysteriously impassive; we see what she's determined to do, but she sends no signals with voice or eyes to explain it. There is a lack of concern about our opinion; she will do it, no matter what we think her reasons are." - Roger Ebert
There are two moments that stuck with me the most.
Isabelle runs the farm with her ex-husband, who lives on the farm in a separate home with his African wife and their 10 year old son, Jose (the ex-husband's sick father also lives on the farm with them, but more on that later). After recruiting some new farmers after the old ones abandoned ship, Isabelle goes to pick up the kid to take him out of school (partly because there are dangerous rebels roaming the streets now, but mostly because she needs his help picking coffee). She doesn't realize that her ex-husband also showed up to pick up the kid, so she drives the truck of workers back while the dad drives the kid home on the back of his motorcycle. In a few lingering shots, we see this young half-black boy stare at his two white "parents," then stare at Isabelle's truck packed with workers. There is no dialogue, and there doesn't need to be. You know what's going through his mind.
It's mere chance that he's riding next to the truck instead of riding inside it.
The second moment was pretty much the entirety of this bizarre sub-plot involving Isabelle's son. He is a grown man, a gorgeous, blond, Dorian Gray-esque asshole who sleeps all day and has no purpose in life. Some child soldiers sneak into the house one day to steal some clothes and jewelry, so he chases them outside into the wilderness of their coffee farm BAREFOOT (he is not very bright). The kids circle back around and sneak attack him, and with a gun and machete to his throat they make him strip naked, and run off with their clothes.
The shots are extremely minimal: he runs on the hills, they come up behind him, weapons are out, and they start to pull his clothes off. I read probably three or four articles about this film, and it wasn't until the very last one that I saw mention of a possible theory that the son was raped. I re-watched the scene, and while it's more like an extremely faint echo than a solid suggestion, it does (sort of???) make sense for what comes next...
...Because what comes NEXT is that the son goes BAT SHIT FUCKING BONKERS. The child soldiers mock his "golden hair" and cut off a chunk with their machete, so he shaves it all off, grabs the excess hair, and shoves it down the throat of his dad's new wife. Then he hops in his motorbike, and in full Mad Max style he chases after the child soldiers and JOINS THEM?? Then leads them BACK to his OWN HOUSE and loots his OWN FOOD?? Then they all do a bunch of drugs they stole from the pharmacy they looted in town, pass out, and get ambushed by the African military who slits all their child soldiers throats and burns the son alive.
Meanwhile, Isabelle is getting dragged around town by the new farmers who want to go back home and the African rebels who keep ambushing her for money, at one point coming across a young girl wearing one of her stolen dresses and necklaces. By the time she makes it back to the farm it's too late. In a completely expressionless rage, she picks up a piece of wood, and over the the burned corpse of her dead son she beats her ex-husband's father to death.
And that's it. That's the end of the fucking movie.
I think the rape of the son makes more sense plot-wise, but it's also clear by now that plot is not really one of Claire Denis' priorities. It's all about the metaphor: white people raped the land, and now the land is raping them back. A hair for a hair, an eye for an eye, a son for a son.
The last shot in the film is not of Isabelle, but of the only child soldier who escaped. He clutches the red beret of a beloved rebel soldier, and runs into the smoking fields. So what are we left with? What's the message? I mean, it's whatever you want it to be. It's wavering, it's trembling, and it's easily over looked.
35 Shots of Rum (2008)
Written by: Claire Denis & Jean-Pol Fargeau
Starring: Alex Descas, Mati Diop, Nicole Dogué, & Grégoire Colin
IMDB Description: The relationship between a father and daughter is complicated by the arrival of a handsome young man.
The IMDB description can't help but make me chuckle. I mean, like, yeah, technically I guess it's about a young woman and her father and "the handsome young suitor who comes between them," but that makes it sound much more drastic and dramatic than it was. In what I can now confidently say is CLASSIC CLAIRE DENIS style, it was more like the delicate murmur of a plot. If Tarantino is the clanging of a brass gong, then Claire Denis is like a small flute playing quietly in the other room.
If White Material was the movie about the back of Isabelle Huppert's head, then 35 Shots of Rum was about blue and brown: almost every shot in this movie was rich with blues and browns, and it is undeniably, aggressively beautiful. ...Water & Earth. Ice & Rust. Cold & Warmth. What does it all mean? I don't know, but I can't stop fucking looking at it! The fact she didn't just call this movie "Blue & Brown" is honestly a crime. Also because it's never actually explained what "35 shots of rum" means, except that there's a story behind it (I guess everyone who knows the story is too drunk to remember it).
What's odd to me about her work is that even though she luxuriates in these long, beautiful stretches without dialogue, and lingers on faces and bodies and the mundane but beautiful world that surrounds them, there is SO little character development. Her actors are all but expressionless. There are no monologues. There is one argument in this film, and it lasts like 2 lines, and both of them are yelling from different rooms so you don't even see their faces. Who are these people? They're not boring, and they aren't blank. They have colors to them, (BLUE AND BROWN PROBABLY) they have shape. But they have no... substance? I'm not sure. I am lacking the words the describe the lack thereof. They're just people, living life, and we get to watch them. They cook dinner, they ride the train, they eat and sleep and hug. There are feelings there, deep ones, but they are expressed with such a delicate touch that I found myself squinting to see it. (Somewhere in France, a very cool French person is flicking their cigarette and saying, "Stupide Americans" right now).
Which made it all the more awkward when this HILARIOUSLY aggressive scene was thrust upon me. Josephine (the daughter) and Lionel (the father) are going out to a concert with their friends and pseudo-family members from the building: Gabrielle, a spunky taxi driver who has a desperately obvious crush on Lionel, and this other guy, whom I will only be able to refer to as French Adam Driver.
I mean, come on!
The car breaks down in the rain on the way to the concert, so they end up ducking into this little bar to drink and dance the night away. Lionel is being grumpy because he's clearly annoyed that French Adam Driver, who has been his neighbor and buddy for years, is now suddenly hitting on his super hot and totally-old-enough-to-date daughter.
French Adam Driver, oblivious to Lionel's SUPER NOT SUBTLE grumpiness, decides to cut in the middle of Lionel & Josephine's cute (or weird?) daddy-daughter dance, *just* as the slow song starts to play. It is in this moment that French Adam Driver decides to fucking realize that he's hot for daughter, and they begin to dance VERY SENSUALLY while Grumpy Lionel is LITERALLY THREE FEET AWAY. Going into French cinema, I had prepared myself for some avant-garde and very un-American sex shit, but I was NOT prepared for this.
AND HERE IS YOUR DAD, THIRTY-SIX GODDAMN INCHES FROM YOU, WATCHING THE WHOLE THING LIKE THIS:
But don't worry, he SUPER MATURELY handles it, by grabbing the hot bartender and dancing sexy with HER. Except his daughter doesn't see it. Only Gabrielle, the adorable and long-suffering (LITERAL) girl-next-door sees it, and watches the whole fucking thing like THIS:
...Fucking savage. Oh yeah, and this goddamn song is playing for the ENTIRE FOUR MINUTE SCENE:
...I tease, but ultimately I did actually enjoy this movie. Okay, maybe "enjoy" is too strong of a word. I reached for my phone WAY less during 35 Shots than I did during White Material. Hey, I'm not saying I'm proud of it, I'm just saying what happened.
I will be honest that it was "easier" to like this movie. It was significantly less uncomfortable (and that's saying a lot, HAVE YOU LISTENED TO THAT SONG?) There's a family with a very insular bubble, this beautiful little island they've created for themselves, but they both know deep down that it can't last forever, and it shouldn't. Change sucks, but that's life. That's a story that I am familiar with, and that I enjoy seeing explored from a new perspective. (A white woman fighting for her right to farm indigenous land while her son becomes a literal INCEL was harder to get behind. I'm sorry.)
And it's not just the daughter "discovering sex;" this isn't a weird, Puritanical portrait of a father owning his daughter's body, this is a French film for Christ's sake. Lionel works as a train conductor for the metro, and at the beginning of the film one of his work buddy's retires (this is where we first hear of the "legend of 35 shots," although we frustratingly never find out. Again, I suspect that it's my American inclination to have Closure And Answers that makes me bothered by this). His work buddy gives off the most aggressively, painfully obvious signs that he is Not Fucking Okay with being retired, and it goes right over Lionel's head. Seriously, the guy weeps at his own retirement party, he says "I don't know what meaning my life will have after this," he meets up with Lionel for coffee and gives him back a book he borrowed ten years ago and says "I won't be needing this anymore," he joins Lionel on the train a few weeks later and says "I wasn't expecting to miss it this much... I'm glad I could take one last ride with you" and SOMEHOW Lionel is still surprised when Work Buddy throws himself in front of the tracks later.
You know it's coming, but you know that Lionel doesn't. And that's what's devastating. It's honestly the most distinct narrative thread we see out of Claire Denis: if I continue on this path, I will end up like this man; and by extension, my daughter might too.
So presumably, Grumpy Lionel let's French Adam Driver date his daughter. I say "presumably" because all we see is Lionel & Josephine argue, then go on a road trip to Germany to visit Josephine's dead mother's grave, and then they come back and Josephine and French Adam Driver are getting married?? It's all very surreal and abstract and Freeeeeench and it's fucking beautiful, don't get me wrong, but it also kind of makes me feel like an idiot when I have to rewind a scene four times and read several articles and analyses on a film to understand how we got from vacuuming and arguing with dad to driving to Germany to marrying marrying French Adam Driver.
This doesn't feel like a "perfect win" to me, because I'm really not walking away from either film going, "Oh shit, I have to tell my mom to watch this" (which is, ultimately, the greatest compliment I can give a film. I only recommend Janet the best.)
Ultimately, 35 Shots will linger for me a moment longer... those blues and browns, y'all. Like that ancient Instagram feng shui saying goes, "It must either serve a purpose, or be beautiful." Neither of these films really served a "purpose" - and I recognize that they weren't supposed to, and that's Claire Denis's whole existential French thing - but one of these films was remarkably more beautiful.
If Denis' directing style could be translated to a different medium, it would be the abstract, trembling, intensely detailed graphite masterpieces of Agnes Martin... it's subtle, it's unassuming, it preaches nothing to you and demands nothing of you, and it's not for everyone.
To be honest, I'm not sure if it's for me. I want to be the kind of person who likes movies like this... slow, still, quiet, and so abstract that it transcends narrative. But at heart, I'm a storyteller, and I don't know if you can call her work a true "story." It has all the elements of one, but it's missing something. It's beautiful to watch, but there's no sense of closure. Watching her work is like trying to complete a puzzle that has all blank pieces and no picture on the box. Claire Denis is the La Croix of directors, and what can I say, some people really dig that shit.
...A small announcement that there has been ANOTHER change to the Matriarch Madness bracket. After much toiling and gnashing of teeth, I decided that I couldn't live with myself if Jamie Babbitt wasn't on the list (I HAVE NEVER SEEN BUT I'M A CHEERLEADER OR THE ITTY BITTY TITTY COMMITTEE AND HONESTLY I DON'T KNOW HOW THAT'S EVEN POSSIBLE). So despite how much I fucking loved Jennifer's Body, she will be replacing Karyn Kusama. (Please forgive me Karyn).
Sarah Ruth(less) Joanou is a Chicago based writer, artist, production designer, actor, & cat mom.


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The Joy of Violent Movement
Independent Music with an International Focus
Tag: Niagara
Photography by William Ruben Helms Mar 14, 202015:00 March 14, 2020
Photography: Joe Strummer Mural
indie rock by William Ruben Helms Dec 17, 201820:00 December 17, 2018
Live Concert Photography: Mondo.NYC: I +Switzerland Showcase at DROM feat. Eliane Amherd and Stevans/FRANKIIE at Piano's 10/4/18
Indie Electro Pop by William Ruben Helms Dec 17, 201813:30 December 17, 2018
Live Concert Photography: Mondo.NYC: Aish and Woolly Mammals at Piano's 10/2/18
singer/songwriters by William Ruben Helms Oct 9, 201817:15 October 11, 2018
Founded by some of the originators of CMJ and its long-running CMJ Marathon, Mondo.NYC is a music, technology and innovation-based festival that within its first couple years has quietly taken the place of both the CMJ Marathon and New Music Seminar's New Music Nights Festival. Now, as you may recall, the third edition of Mondo.NYC took place last week and it found the global, emerging music, technology and innovation conference moving a few miles east across the East River to Williamsburg, Brooklyn with The Williamsburg Hotel,Rough Trade and Brooklyn Bowl hosting daytime conference-related events hosted by The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), Guild of Music Supervisors,Record Store Day, and others meant to connect fans, artists, music industry professionals, business pioneers and leading names in tech and music to network, trade ideas and learn in a rapidly changing industry landscape. Additionally, the panels, talks and other events were meant to inspire young people to take control of their careers — whether they were heading towards a technological-based career, behind the scenes in A&R, marketing, promotion, management and publicity or up in front as an artist.
Live music showcases took place across a handful of venues in the New York metropolitan area, including the aforementioned Brooklyn Bowl, Piano's, Berlin, Arlene's Grocery, Coney Island Baby, The Delancey, DROM, Hank's Saloon, Niagara, N.O.R.D. and Jersey City's White Eagle Hall that featured artists from the US, Switzerland, Sweden, Hungary, Canada, France and elsewhere performing music across a wide array of genres and styles.
One of the artists who played during the music festival portion was the Swedish adult contemporary pop artist ELINDA, the collaborative music project of the Ekerö, Sweden-born, Stockholm, Sweden-based singer/songwriter and dancer Linda Östergren Frithiof and her husband, multi-instrumentalist and producer Mikael Frihiof. Linda Östergren Frithiof can trace the origins of her performing career as a trained dancer, studying at the Lasse Kühler Dansskola School and the Ballet Academy, one of Scandinavia's leading dance schools. While training as a dancer, it was discovered that Östergren Frithiof had a commanding voice and once she graduated dance school, she began performing at nightclubs, cabarets, vacation resorts, cruise ships and corporate events before landing gigs as a backup singer for a number of major Scandinavian artists including Magnus Uggla, Markoolio and E-Type, Shirley Clamp, Martin Stenmarck and Charlotte Perrelli, as well as Lutricia McNeal. She's also sang vocal demos for Celine Dion, and collaborated with the likes of Leif Larsson and Anders Borgius for Swedish artists like Björn Skifs and David Hasselhoff. (Yes, David Hasselhoff.)
Adding to a rather diverse and eclectic career path, Östergren Frithiof has played Sally Bowles in the Stockholm-based production of Cabaret and Joanne in the Stockholm-based production of RENT before joining The Original Band — The Abba Tribute, which features a number of musicians who have played with ABBA either on their records or tours. Additionally, Östergren Frithiof, was involved in the casting, choreography and scripting for the show, which has toured across Sweden and has performed in China several times, including a televised audience of more than 100 million viewers for the Chinese New Year broadcast.
Östergren Frithof, has been building up a profile as a solo artist largely inspired by the sounds, vocal styles and stage shows of Celine Dion, Whitney Houston, Chaka Khan, Prince, Justin Timberlake,Beyonce, Alicia Keys, Ariana Grande and Bruno Mars. With her husband and collaborator Mikael, they formed a label Breaking Records and began writing and recording original material that draws from her own life, centered around her struggles and victories as an artist and mother of five. Interestingly, her MONDO.NYC set at Piano's was her Stateside debut and I spoke to the up-and-coming Swedish adult contemporary pop artist and her husband at P.J. Clarke's Lincoln Center location about her career to date, the MONDO.NYC Festival, her dance floor friendly, feminist anthem "Superwoman" and a lot more. Check it out.
World Music by William Ruben Helms Sep 26, 201813:25 September 26, 2018
Preview: MONDO.NYC 2018
Founded by some of the originators of CMJ and its long-running CMJ Marathon, Mondo.NYC is a music, technology and innovation-based festival that within its first couple years has quietly taken the place of both the CMJ Marathon and New Music Seminar's New Music Nights Festival. Interestingly, the third edition of Mondo.NYC, which will take place October 2, 2018 – October 5, 2018 finds the global, emerging music, technology and innovation conference moving east across the East River to Williamsburg with The Williamsburg Hotel, Rough Trade and Brooklyn Bowl hosting daytime conference-related events. Interestingly, those daytime events feature partnerships with The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), Guild of Music Supervisors, Record Store Day, a collection of international consular and export agencies and others to connect fans, artists, music industry professionals, business pioneers and veterans, leading names in tech and music to network, trade ideas and learn in a rapidly changing industry landscape as well as inspired others to become the industry leaders and up-and-coming artists of the future. Live music will take place on both sides of the East River with showcases being hosted by the aforementioned Brooklyn Bowl, Piano's, Berlin, Arlene's Grocery, Coney Island Baby, The Delancey, DROM, Hank's Saloon, Niagara and N.O.R.D.
Some quick highlights include:
RIAA hosts "Everything You Need to Know About Streaming Revenue and Policy in One Hour"
Guild of Music Supervisors NYC Education Event & Film Fest, an immersive full-day symposium to meet, network and learn from some of the top music supervisors and industry executives in the business, that will take place at The Williamsburg Hotel, October 5.
Record Store Day presents "A Conversation With…" Series at Rough Trade Records
The Second Annual Marauder Radio Room @ Pianos — College stations record interviews and live sessions with Mondo showcasing artists.
MusicTech Day @ Mondo.NYC hosted by Brian Zisk
Northern Beat: Indigenous Canadian New Music Showcase at the Metropolitan Museum of Art with iskwé, DJ Shub with James Jones and Elisapie
HOTS, The Hungarian Music Export Bureau, presents Breakthrough Artists from Hungary Ivan & the Parazol and Mörk
SWISS LIVE TALENTS present KT Gorique, The Last Moan, Sophie De Quay & The Waveguards, Eliane Amherd
Mondo's speakers include key leaders from the emerging music and frontier tech industries:
● Preeti Adhikary, VP of Marketing, FuseMachines
● Danielle Aguirre, General Counsel, National Music Publishers' Association
● Lauren Apolito, SVP Strategy & Business Development, Rumblefish/HFA
● Shelita Burke, Pop Star/Data Scientist
● Bryan Calhoun
● Susanna Choe, Co-Founder, Peace Accelerators
● Thomas Emmanuel, US Business Development Advisor, Sonm
● David Garrity, Partner, BTBlock
● Mitch Glazier, President, RIAA
● Adam Huttler, General Partner, Exponential Creativity Ventures
● Lenny Kaye, Artist, Guitarist for The Patti Smith Group
● Scott Kessler, Director of Business Development, L03 Energy
● Tammy Khan, Partner, BTBlock
● Clara Kim, General Counsel, ASCAP
● Michael Kurtz, Co-Founder, Record Store Day
● Andrew Levine, Content Director, Steemit
● Jonathan McHugh, Director/Producer/Music Supervisor
● Arjun Mendhi, CEO, MTonomy
● Tatiana Moroz, Founder, TATIANACOIN
● Ed Morris, Co-Founder and Director, Gate Reality
● Rohan Reddy, Co-Founder, Y2X
● Emma Reeves, Executive Director, Free the Bird
● Jordan Rudess, Keyboardist/Composer, Dream Theater
● Xander Schultz, VC, Galaxy Investment Partners
● Cary Sherman, CEO, RIAA
● Stephen White, CEO, Dubset
● Bill Wilson, Co-Founder, Indie Ninja
● Brian Zisk, Co-Founder/Executive Producer, SF MusicTech Summit
● Shoshana Zisk, General Counsel, George Clinton Enterprises
Of course, I'm looking extremely forward to catching some of the incredibly diverse music offerings, including:
Omar Souleyman (Syria)
Laxmi Bomb (India)
Lord Esperanza (France)
Crosa Rosa (UK)
Kingswood (Australia)
Sevi Ettinger (China)
Mörk and Ivan & The Parazol (Hungary)
Eliane Amherd and Sophie de Quay & The Wave Guards (Switzerland)
DJ Shub, Elisapie, Goodbye Honolulu, iskwé, Karimah, and Kielley Koyote (Canada)
BriGuel, Girl Skin and HoneyChrome, RYAL (NYC)
THRILLCHASER (Providence)
The Darbies (Los Angeles)
and a long list of others
For more information, including tickets, showcases, talks and more, go the following: https://mondo.nyc
Hopefully, I'll be covering the events of the conference, and if so, be on the lookout for a variety of live conference through my various social accounts:
Twitter: @yankee32879
Twitter: @williamhelms3rd
Instagram: @william_ruben_helms
Uncategorized by William Ruben Helms Jul 5, 201421:50 July 20, 2015
Niagara, is the Turin, Italy-based collaborative, experimental pop project of producers and electronic music artists David Tomat and Gabriele Ottino. And as Niagara, the duo have a reputation for creating an off-kilter sound that employs […]
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Publisher Desc. Playing the ukulele is an enjoyable, easy, and inexpensive way to get involved in music. It provides a way to learn musical concepts and skills that can apply to any instrument you decide to study. Moreover, it will give you a great opportunity to share the joy of making music with other people. This book will help to provide you with the basic skills and musical background you need to get started. The CD contains demonstrations of all the songs and examples. This carefully crafted method emphasizes chord strumming skills; teaching students HOW to practice; note reading exercises; "chord challenges" to learn how to figure out chord progressions; tab reading; and more. It also includes nearly 30 familiar songs that students can play while still learning, including: All My Loving, Home on the Range, Hound Dog, Jambalaya (On the Bayou) La Bamba, The Lion Sleeps Tonight, The Rainbow Connection, Take Me Out to the Ballgame, and more! Practice, experiment, and have fun playing the ukulele!


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Q: jquery datetimepicker disable today I want to allow selection of all weekends excluding today (if today is a weekend). However, the following code allows selection of today. This is what I am trying:
  jQuery('.datetimepicker').datetimepicker({
    timepicker:false,
    minDate:'+1970/01/01',
    maxDate:'+1970/01/10',
    defaultDate:'+1970/01/01',
    format:'d/m/Y',
    beforeShowDay: DisableWeekDays,
    closeOnDateSelect: true
 });

 function weekendsOnly(date) {
    var day = date.getDay();
    return [(day > 0 && day < 6), ''];
}

function DisableWeekDays(date) {
    var weekenddate = weekendsOnly(date);
    var disableweek = [!weekenddate[0]];
    return disableweek;
}

This is what I am using: http://xdsoft.net/jqplugins/datetimepicker/
also, minDate doesn't seem to work at all.

A: Try this - minDate = tomorrow.setDate(today.getDate() - 1);
var today = new Date();
var tomorrow = new Date();
tomorrow.setDate(today.getDate() - 1);

$("#minDate").datepicker({
    showOn: "none",
    minDate: tomorrow,
    dateFormat: "DD dd-mm-yy",
    onSelect: function(dateText) {
        minDateChange;
    },
    inputOffsetX: 5,
});

Let me know if that works. I haven't tried it though.
Your code might be something like:
 var today = new Date();
 var tomorrow = new Date();
  today.setDate(today.getDate() - 1);
  jQuery('.datetimepicker').datetimepicker({
    timepicker:false,
    minDate:'+1970/01/01',
    maxDate:today,
    defaultDate:'+1970/01/01',
    format:'d/m/Y',
    beforeShowDay: DisableWeekDays,
    closeOnDateSelect: true
 });

 function weekendsOnly(date) {
    var day = date.getDay();
    return [(day > 0 && day < 6), ''];
}

function DisableWeekDays(date) {
    var weekenddate = weekendsOnly(date);
    var disableweek = [!weekenddate[0]];
    return disableweek;
}

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Sometimes I need a pointer to a method that is not bound to an explicit object.
Method pointers are just function pointers where the first argument is the type.
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This venture grew out of necessity after I fell in love and married a wonderful man, who happened to be Macrobiotic. I wanted to continue to eat yummy food but now had the knowledge of how unhealthy most sweets can be. I realized I was going to need to be creative to make my taste buds and my husband happy.
With an ever-growing love of cooking, as inspired by my Macrobiotic-influenced home, I strive to produce healthy food without the sacrifice of taste. My appreciation for pure, organic foods is reflected in my creations, along with my high standards and motivation. In times of need to balance the stress of high school, cooking serves as a quick relief, as it is truly what I love.


This is the moment a suspected illegal immigrant was discovered after clinging to the bottom of a caravan as it drove from Calais to a suburban road in Kent.
The man, believed to be in his late teens, is thought to have tied himself to the chassis of the vehicle before it entered the Channel Tunnel.
He emerged after the two-hour journey as Paul Coles and his daughter, Joanne, were returning the vehicle to its owner in Hoppers Way, Ashford.
Police arrived at the home of Teresa Tyrer, who runs Scarlett Motorhome Hire, and took the man away in tears.
A spokesman said this morning he had been passed on to Home Office Immigration Enforcement.
Mrs Tyrer, said the youngster looked 'shaken' and as though he 'didn't know what to do' when he was found this afternoon.
'The man and his daughter had been driving since 3am to make the crossing at Callais.
'Literally the last thing I said to them before they left was to keep the garage doors locked and not to stop at any petrol stations,' she said.
As Mr Coles unloaded his daughter's motorcycles, he discovered the young man who 'spoke no English'.
'As soon as the father saw him he shouted for his daughter to get back and call the police. When the young lad came out he looked very shaken, he didn't quite know what to do and he just sat there patiently after we called the police.
'He was scribbling notes on a piece of paper in Arabic, whether they were to give to the police I don't know.
'I know there are many who don't have any sympathy for them and I don't want a ton of [illegal immigrants] coming into the country but they are human beings at the end of the day.
'He was just a young lad, he showed no signs of aggression he just sat there calmly the poor soul.
A spokesman for Kent Police said: ' We were called to an address in Ashford at 1.46 pm to a report of a suspected illegal immigrant found underneath a motor home.
The Home Office has been contacted by MailOnline for comment.
Thousands of immigrants have descended upon the French coastal down in recent months, setting up makeshift homes in tents and huts and demanding entry to the UK.
Campaigners yielding signs have marched through the town's streets, claiming their human rights are being violated as port authorities battle to keep them from storming onto ferries and stowing-away in vehicles driving through the Channel Tunnel.


As you can see, waste is not just deposable items; it can be used for the long-term benefit of the organization if thought of and managed properly.
Waste disposal and collection is a big topic and for businesses it is even more important as they collect more waste compared to homes. Without a proper plan to dispose of the waste you accumulate you can be contributing to environmental and health issues in your community and the wider society. So if you have not considered hiring professional services for this task, let's look at some benefits you can gain so that you can make an informed decision.
When running a business on your own we all understand the importance of time and you must use the time to more important tasks such as planning and strategizing your business. If you have to spend a lot of time thinking about rubbish removal then chances are you will be spending unnecessary time and energy on this non key task. Therefore hiring a professional service will greatly improve your time management. Their expertise and knowledge will help do a better job that you ever can as well.
Your workers and other staff rely on you to create a safe working environment for them and rubbish collection and disposal is a key element in creating this environment for them. Accumulation of garbage overtime can cause health concerns and put you and your organization in bad light with the authorities as well. Therefore hiring a professional service provider for disposing of garbage can help create confidence among your employees and a safe workplace for them to work in.
A professional company can not only collect and dispose of garbage for you, they can also undertake other services, and you might need for your home or any other location as well. Bin hire from Bundoora and recycling can also be other services they can provide. When running a business you will not know when you may need extra services in removing waste, therefore it is better to have a professional service provider on board who can provide you with a flexible contract to cover different needs.
By selecting a company that is environmentally conscious you are doing your bit to protect the environment. A professional company will not simply dump garbage in a landfill or dispose of them in waterways, they will have solid mechanisms to either recycle them or incinerate them properly so they pose very little threat to the environment.
When you hire professionals to do this task, you are not only saving money for your business, you are also fostering and supporting a healthy and environmentally friendly lifestyle which is beneficial for the business and the society at large.
When Should I Apply for the Permit?
If you re in need of the permit, you should be exactly clear of when you should get the permit in the first place. Some of the factors that would be affected when you should apply for the permit depends on the type of the building, the time that will be taken for the project and the scale of the building as well. Moreover, it will require some details about the property as well. This information will be connected to the zones of the property, the overlay, the mortgages and what not? Each one of these factors would affect the permit that you would get. If you are ready with all of this information, make sure that you gain a planning appeals Port Phillip.
As much as you are concerned about getting the needed application, you should be aware of what do when you are applying for the permit as well. After you find out and gain the application, make sure that you do your research on the fees that should be paid together with the application. Once you do, it would be much easier for you to ready yourself with the financial aspect of it as well.
How will the Admission be Counseled?
Before you gain the permit with all the rules and regulations, your application will be counselled. Some of the factors that would be looked into during the counselling process are if there are any objections if there are any mediations, any of the comments that are provided by the referrals, the permit application and the reports that are provided as well. Once you have provided these admissions, after the council, the permit will be given to you and you will be able to carry on with the construction process. Therefore, you should, for sure look into researching and taking the required steps for you to gain the permit.
Who Is The Target Market For Flooring?


text:
Digital Games And Kids – A Different Perspective
Posted on July 10, 2019 10:30 pm by Paul Thomas
The "Wikipedia problem" which means kids turning to net for readymade solutions is the new age phenomenon baffling instructors and mentors globally. There are nearly equal numbers of instructors who bear in mind technology to be a solution as a whole lot as a problem. While a common belief is that era is hindering the scholars' potential to think and analyze, there may be also a robust opinion in prefer of video games and virtual gadgets' capability to interact college students and decorate mastering by using the usage of a couple of sensory stimulators. In spite of the developing concern about the students' deteriorating interest spans, establishments are incorporating them within the process of school room learning.
Children are inherently inquisitive creatures. They have a curiosity to discover new matters and analyze by way of discovering and experimenting even earlier than they are subjected to strategies of formal education such as reading or writing. Science is a discipline of experiments and discoveries. The National Science Education Standards emphasize that "science training needs to give college students three forms of medical abilities and understandings. Students want to research the principles and concepts of science, gather the reasoning and procedural competencies of scientists, and apprehend the character of science as a selected form of human enterprise. Students consequently need to be able to plot and carry out investigations that check their ideas, and they need to apprehend why such investigations are uniquely powerful. Studies display that scholars are more likely to apprehend and keep the concepts that they have got learned this way ". Hence, it becomes imperative to interact children in technological know-how schooling at an early degree.
Digital games are extra capable to gain students' hobbies and attention than other traditional means of presenting education in a lecture room. However, some educationists also regard them as culprits of exponential decline in the eye span in children. The next sections in this article discuss the involvement of youngsters in video games inside the tech age, sorts of games available inside the market and the impact of virtual gaming as gaining knowledge of aids in school rooms.
Digital technology has accelerated the horizons of video gaming inside the modern-day international. Kids are subjected to a ways greater complex and difficult technological surroundings than their counterparts had been from over 1/2 a century lower back. Involvement of children in digital gaming is a end result of many considerable modifications within the lifestyle and tradition of the current society. Easy accessibility of generation, dispensable income because of dual earnings households and absence of infrastructure for outside activities in lots of cities are a few major members in making display screen video games an vital a part of the children's' lives. A study by means of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010) found that only 20 percent of the census blocks are inside 1/2 a mile of a block boundary. Also, the effect of peer pressure can not be undermined in those instances of social networking.
The digital gaming market is one of the fastest developing segments of the worldwide entertainment enterprise. US is witnessing remarkable penetration of digital video games among children. In the US, 97% of the young adults play a few kind of recreation on a regular basis. In India, the gaming market has grown manifold within the last few years. Hence, it's far imperative that educationists are continuously taking into account the usage of virtual gaming as a gaining knowledge of device in classrooms. Institutions also are using modern ways to leverage the digital gain for reinforcing the gaining knowledge of enjoy at schools.
What are Digital Games?
There is no concrete definition of games as it may range with an man or woman's choice and profession. Games may be described as a "gadget in which players engage in artificial struggle, defined by regulations, which bring about a quantifiable final results". Technology and digitization add new dimensions to video games wherein simulations, interactivity, augmented truth, alternative reality, collective intelligence and sensory stimulators together with sound and visible effects. Digital video games also are characterized via their portability and infinite accessibility.
Role-gambling video games, simulation games and puzzles are some of the most popular digital games. In position-playing games, the participant enacts the role of a particular person in a virtual world transferring from one stage to the alternative based on the outcome of the sooner degree. RPGs may be single participant which include the dungeons and dragons from earlier days of gaming or multi-player games consisting of Diablo III, Xenoblade, Final Fantasy XIII-2 or Mass Effect three. MMORPG or the Massive Multiple Online Role-Playing Games are an extension of the RPGs wherein massive wide variety of players interacts in an internet virtual global. Simulation video games create sensible situations in digital worlds. The final results will depend upon the player's selection-making and responsiveness and may be intently just like what may also manifest in a real international inside the same situation. Widely used in education and evaluation, simulation games are also popular due to their unpredictable and personalised consequences. Flight Simulator X, Live for Speed (LFS) and Need for Speed had been extremely famous simulation video games for a long time. Puzzles style of virtual video games entails trouble solving and analysis with varying degrees of problem depending on the character of the sport. Crosswords and treasure hunt video games are simple types of puzzle video games in both bodily and virtual form.
All types of virtual games contain a social involvement of players. Some need collaborative efforts to play at the same time as others may be discussed or analyzed socially. In spite of a few video games being accused of outright violent visual effects, a properly-designed game can accelerate the thinking process by means of motivating, engaging, involving creativity and growing a meta-sport i.E., social interactions stimulated and greater internal or outdoor the sport. Incorporating digital gaming inside the basic schooling framework can lead to augmented competitiveness and multi-dimensional growth in youngsters.
Digital Games in Science Education – Why and Why Not?
The 21st century requires the mentors and the students to integrate generation into the curriculum. Though the remaining aim is to advantage the scholars in phrases of getting to know and revel in, unsupervised, unorganized or beside the point software can lead to complete failure or have poor results. Some of the bad impacts of digital games in widespread and in context with the schooling are listed underneath:
Digital games had been facing constant rebuke for allegedly improving aggression amongst youngsters and developing a violent streak at an early level. In a study by using Anderson and Bushman (2001), Children worried in violent video games are much more likely to have elevated competitive mind, feelings, and behaviors, and reduced prosocial assisting. Use of guns and being rewarded for being violent is a reason of widespread situation.
Digital video games can be addictive for youngsters and lead them to physically inactive. Digital games, apart from social networking, are taken into consideration for decreased physical activity leading to weight problems in youngsters and postural and skeletal disorders.
Addiction to games is also known to make children socially secluded. Impulsive conduct, melancholy and elevated anxiety tiers are largely attributed to excessive gaming in youngsters. Some research also suggest that the kids playing video games are unable to pay attention for a long span and feature reduced interest span.
Children are prone to soaking up socially unacceptable behavior thru a few digital games which include using profanities and ill-treating the fairer intercourse. Lack of good enough expertise about screening the cloth available on-line is a growing issue among the mother and father.
Digital games are taken into consideration a predicament to better performance in academics. Students are often found to pass homework to play games leading to deteriorated performance at school. However, no matter their reputation as promoters of violence and mayhem, virtual games have in fact been proven to assist children analyze abilties, content, and vital "21st-century" talents. From virtual games kids can analyze: content (from wealthy vocabulary to technological know-how to records), abilties (from literacy to math to complex hassle-fixing), introduction of artifacts (from movies to software program code) and systems thinking (how changing one element influences relationships as a whole). Strong arguments in desire of the usage of virtual video games as gaining knowledge of aids in secondary training are summarized under:
Digital video games contain severe hand-eye coordination and decorate motor and sensory skills. Sensory stimulation idea proposed by using academician Laird (1985) validates that effective studying occurs while the senses are stimulated. While a few studies display that virtual gaming reduces attention span, there are robust evidences of stepped forward awareness in short intervals of time. Digital video games contain retaining a watch on every detail, comply with the regulations and reply proactively to the given situation. Complex virtual games help is growing hassle-solving and selection-making abilties. Some video games also involve logical analysis of the state of affairs and sample recognition and enhance memorizing consequently helping inside the cognitive procedure. Playing via the policies teaches children to accept and recognize a certain degree of field.
Multi-player virtual games broaden a sense of constructive competitive mind-set. Collaborative video games also improve group-building mind-set. They expand time management talents in a team and educate the gamers to cooperate for collectively desired purpose. They train the gamers to accept defeat as well as try for higher results. Digital games offer an street for hyperactive youngsters to direct the electricity in a constructive system based totally recreation. They also provide an outlet to launch aggression and frustration, for that reason helping in diffusing strain. Some video games additionally involve bodily pastime which includes Nintendo Wii boxing helping kids to interact mentally and bodily with the children. Complex digital games contain excessive degree of multitasking as a result enhancing mind's natural mastering technique. Brain primarily based mastering principle proposes that multi-tasking is an inherent hobby of the brain and studying is more advantageous by means of challenges at numerous ranges. Digital video games expand efficient situational evaluation and approach making in kids. Since video games have certain goals at each level and a final goal of the game, it teaches players to plot short term and long-term strategies consisting of scoring points, maintaining power and attaining the final purpose of the game. Simulation games and the function-playing digital video games help gamers benefit expertise or learn through experiencing in replicas of actual world situations. Experiential getting to know and movement studying theories are based on the premise that people learn faster once they by means of experiencing and actually taking part in movement.
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Home > Fashion > Neckwear > Hats & Caps/n.e.s.
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Supplier: Everly Fashion Enterprise Co., Ltd.
Supplier: N Ju International Developing Co., Ltd.
Supplier: Nantong Dongda Dress Co., Ltd.
Supplier: Yiwu Yu & Day Co., Ltd.
Supplier: Winsor Manufactory Co., Ltd.
Supplier: Yiwu Zoto Industry & Trade Co., Ltd.
Supplier: tianjin excellent i/e co.ltd.


Slide your hand into heat resistant comfort when you use our personalized oven mitts. You should never have to choose between decorative and functional with kitchen essentials!!
The mitts have a full design on the top and textured surface on the bottom for easy grip. It will insulate for temperatures of 320 degrees or less. They also have a loop on the corner for easy hanging and black trim around the top. Use them in the kitchen, while grilling, or to even unscrew a hot lightbulb.
In our design center you get to decide exactly what your oven mitt looks like. Create a fun design with a background, font, text, ribbon, and more. Have fun designing and ask us any questions you might have!
We also have a left oven mitt, pot holders and oven mitt and pot holder sets. Check out our Kitchen department to find even more great products. We have kitchen towels, cutting boards, and more!
There were many different prints to choose from in designing this mitt, it was easy and had a very quick delivery. we think our nephew will love it!
Delivery was lighting fast! Product arrived and the whole family was impressed with not only the quality of the personalized lettering but with the quality of the fabric and heat safe backing to the potholder. It will be perfect for our event!
It was more than I expected! Amazing! I loved the fact that I could design around my decor versus just settling.


Children learn about farming and help plant a vegetable garden at Temple B'nai Abraham in Beverly.
"YES!" the children squawk in reply.
Surprisingly, the joke works. A few minutes later, after B'nai Abraham Rabbi Alison Adler gives a short, kid-friendly lesson in Judaic horticulture and leads them in a blessing, the kids eagerly grab handfuls of seeds, dash into the garden, drop to their knees, and begin planting.
"And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly reap the corner of thy field, neither shalt thou gather the gleaning of thy harvest.
In keeping with this decree, most of the vegetables harvested from B'nai Abraham Pe'ah Garden are donated to Beverly Bootstraps, a nonprofit that provides food assistance to local families in need. A small patch of the garden is used to grow horseradish for Passover and a slightly larger patch for flowers that are picked by toddlers who present them to their parents and visitors during Tot Shabbat evenings cosponsored by the Lappin Foundation. Herbs also are dried and packaged by the kids for use as besamim (spices) for the Havdalah ritual that signals Shabbat's end. In the fall, corn stalks and sunflowers from the garden are used to decorate the community's sukkah.
It's also just plain fun. This year, after the sugar snap peas were all planted, one mom, Tammy Weiss, informed her 7-year old daughter, Annabelle, that religious school would soon be over for the year. Annabelle was almost in tears.
Not to worry, Annabelle. At 10 a.m. on Sunday, June 3, all kids can experience the Pe'ah Garden when the PJ Library hosts its Garden Party and Circus. The event will star Vegetable Circus, an act featuring juggler Brian "Hot Soup" Walden and circus hooper/stilt walker Laura "Little Legume" Hanley. The pair uses its amazing talents to educate youngsters about ecology and nutrition. Snacks also will be provided, and those who wish may assist in planting seedlings that religious school students started from seed during the winter holiday of Tu B'shevat.
In addition, the entire North Shore community is always invited to come to Temple B'nai Abraham on Sunday mornings throughout spring and summer and help work in the garden. Jim Younger, architect, jokester, and weekend farmer will be presiding.


A basket for lovers. Massage Bar Satin Chocolate Heart Pink Champaign Hearts Man in a Can Body Dust (Calvin Klein eternity) Egyptian Must Body Dust Chocolate Body Frosting with brush Champaign glasses Gourmet Preserves and Coffee. To guarantee freshness and timely delivery items of equal or greater value may be substituted.


It's taken Iago Herrerín several years to become the starting goalkeeper at Athletic, but he's really enjoying it now. In a recent interview with AS the 31-year-old admitted that he's in the best moment of his career. He had to leave more than once to prove himself, though that was just part of the journey to get here.
Today Unai Simón is the one sitting behind the starter and waiting for his chances to prove himself. Herrerín explained that he tries to help the 21-year-old as much as possible and help him remember to make the most of his opportunities.


Home decorations and decorative furniture once had to be carved by hand to create the intricate designs. Today, laser cutting allows individuals to create amazing works of art on all types of materials, with ease. Reading through the Bosslaser reviews will allow individuals to learn more about the Boss laser and how it can benefit crafters who love working with all types of materials to create stunning works of art for home decor.
Laser cutters are used for many different purposes because of their ability to cut through a variety of different materials, including metals. The laser cutting process is much more accurate than other methods of cutting so artists and skilled craftsmen can create amazing designs and different types of cuts for a variety of trades.
Laser cutters work by sending a beam of intense light which measures around 3/4 of an inch. The focused beam of light goes through the nozzle, along with compressed oxygen or nitrogen. Inside the laser cutting head, there is a curved mirror or a special lens that is used to direct the beam of light in the direction it needs to go. The laser beam becomes extremely focused so the heat at the point of exit becomes extreme. This extreme heat allows for the precise focus of creating minute cuts into the material, to make a variety of designs.
While this type of equipment is typically used in the manufacturing setting, it can also be used for a variety of projects and can be used by hobbyists who want to create amazing works of art. These laser cutters can be used to create amazing woodwork, metal crafts, and more. The following materials can be cut using these lasers.
Those who want to learn more about the Boss Laser system should visit the website today to get started. Here, individuals can learn more about the benefits of using these lasers to create a wide array of projects to meet their needs. Check it out today to learn more.


text:
author: sivel
categories:
- HowTo
- Linux
date: '2007-05-07'
description: Installing Apache and Tomcat on CentOS4
slug: apache-tomcat-centos4
title: Installing Apache and Tomcat on CentOS4
type: post
---

This HowTo will discuss how to install Apache and Tomcat on CentOS4. And if the title isn't self explanatory enough we will be using mod_jk to link Apache and Tomcat.

1. Let's install Apache to start...

> shell> yum install httpd

2. Now let's download the Java JDK from http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp (It is labeld as JDK 6u1)

*   After clicking on Download we are going to look for "Linux Platform - Java(TM) SE Development Kit 6 Update 1"
*   Download the "Linux RPM in self-extracting file" the filename should be jdk-6u1-linux-i586-rpm.bin

> shell> mkdir -p /usr/java/
> shell> mv jdk-6u1-linux-i586-rpm.bin /usr/java
> shell> chmod a+x /usr/java/jdk-6u1-linux-i586-rpm.bin
> shell> /usr/java/jdk-6u1-linux-i586-rpm.bin
> shell> ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_01 /usr/java/jdk

3. Next let's download the following packages from http://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-5/archive/v5.5.9/bin/ (Tomcat 5.5.9 used for this set of instructions)

*   jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9-admin.tar.gz
*   jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9.tar.gz

> shell> tar xzvf jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9-admin.tar.gz
> shell> tar xzvf jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9.tar.gz
> shell> mv jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9 /usr/java/tomcat

4. We can now setup an init script for Tomcat

*   Download [catalina][1] to /etc/init.d

> shell> chmod a+x catalina
> shell> chkconfig -add catalina
> shell> chkconfig catalina on

5. Now we need to install the Tomcat Apache connector

*   Download mod\_jk from http://mirrors.dotsrc.org/jpackage/1.6/redhat-el-4.0/free/RPMS/mod\_jk-ap20-1.2.15-1jpp.i386.rpm

> shell> rpm -Uvh mod_jk-ap20-1.2.15-1jpp.i386.rpm

6. Edit the workers.properties file in /usr/java/tomcat/conf

> workers.tomcat_home=/usr/java/tomcat
> workers.java_home=/usr/java/jdk
> workers.list=ajp13
> worker.ajp13.host=[fully qualified domain name]
> worker.ajp13.cachesize=20
> worker.loadbalancer.balanced_workers=ajp13

7. Edit the server.xml file in /usr/java/tomcat/conf

*   Immediately below the entry <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> add:

> <Listener className="org.apache.jk.config.ApacheConfig"
> modJk="/usr/lib/httpd/modules/mod_jk.so"
> workersConfig="/usr/java/tomcat/conf/workers.properties"
> jkLog="/usr/java/tomcat/logs/mod_jk.log" jkDebug="info" />

*   Find the entry <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false"> and change localhost to your fully qualified domain name or IP address.
*   This is also how you would define Tomcat virtual hosts. I won't go into detail about virtual hosting with Tomcat. If you are interested in virtual hosting with Tomcat I suggest checking out some search results on [Google][2].

> <Host name="[fully qualified domain name]" appBase="webapps"
> unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"
> xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">

*   Immidiately following that line add:

> <Listener className="org.apache.jk.config.ApacheConfig" append="true" jkWorker="ajp13" />

8. Let's now start up Tomcat. From the configuration changes made above Tomcat will generate an Apache conf file that will be used to load the Tomcat info.

> shell> /etc/init.d/catalina start

9. Now we need to do a few quick things for Apache to work with Tomcat.

> shell> ln -s /usr/java/tomcat/conf/auto/mod_jk.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/
> shell> /etc/init.d/httpd start

10. Let's give it a test

*   Open a web browser and navigate to http://[hostname]/jsp-examples

Side Notes: As you notice above, Tomcat is installed in /usr. /usr is usually not one of the larger partitions on a web server. In the past I have created a directory /var/www/tomcat, copied the contents of /usr/java/tomcat/webapps to /var/www/tomcat, delete webapps and then create a symlink from /var/www/tomcat to /usr/java/tomcat/webapps. I also recommend creating a directory /var/log/tomcat, deleting /usr/java/tomcat/logs and creating a symlink from /var/log/tomcat to /usr/java/tomcat/logs. Use your best judgment as to how you want to handle this.

 [1]: http://cdn.sivel.net/c/a/catalina
 [2]: http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=tomcat+virtual+hosts

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