text:
David Jaffe sucks at Metroid
Thread starter SpongebobSquaredance
Opinion Drama Cringe
It's all in the wrist
Archaic. I couldn't believe it when I came to that part. I rank it up there with decisions like needing to buy an item from the shopkeeper in Symphony to continue progress, or that stupid train key card or whatever from Bloodstained. Stuff that requires you to consult a guide online, or waste a ton of time trying to chance upon a solution.
I hate to see a guy like Jaffe get shit from average Joes calling into question his ability to design a game. You don't need to go to bat for Metroid.
Reactions: Edgelord79, NikuNashi and Arcadialane
PhaseJump
Neff said:
Were his games good? Metroid's good.
I think so. He made some God of Waffles game or some shit like that for Sony. I hear it's awesome if you're into metal like twisted sister and have a sweet tooth.
He's a shit lord to be listened to.
tommib
Horatius said:
you're espousing the opinion that a game asking the player to have the problem solving ability of a four year old is too much of a burden to bear and is fundamentally "bad" game design
source: been playing this shit since super metroid as a literal human child
the game teaches you there are hidden blocks as one of the very first things it teaches you. if you're too thick to extrapolate based on that information, the flaw is not with the game, but with you.
if you make it obvious there's hidden blocks with visual clues they are no longer hidden blocks you goddamn mouthbreathers
the reason people get defensive is because, for the most part, game designers actually listen to your position and almost exclusively. there's very few games left that challenge the player to use their brain on anything other than a completely braindead, uninteresting level. when an entry in one of the very few series that don't cater to the lowest common denominator come out, e.g. dread, dark souls, etc., there is a cavalcade of morons there instantly who feel the need to harp on about how it's objectively "bad" that they were forced to, for unabashed minutes of their life, think for a bit before figuring out what they had to do or where they had to go in a video game.
you can't even twist this into "elitist gatekeeping bla bla", i'm not saying you need to be smart to play metroid, you just need to be as smart as a fucking toddler in the 90s with a super nintendo. that's not a high burden to bear and STILL you get fuckers trying to change the last few bastions of non-completely-idiot-proof games to be more like everything else.
People complaining about Dread's design are basically asking for this:
We need meter counters for hidden blocks and a press A prompt for a cinematic that reveals the passageway. For every hidden block. It's the only way.
Reactions: SpongebobSquaredance, Barakov, Dirk Benedict and 6 others
mcjmetroid
Good god he is bad at this game. It's like the game has never played a 2D game before.
Reactions: Lethal01
Dr Bass
You're my GAF hero for the day. Thank goodness there are still gamers like you around.
Imagine thinking it's "bad design" to not have a puzzle also present you with the solution. On top of the fact the vast majority of players, as evidenced by the OT, have no issue with it. And then STILL saying it's "bad design."
Reactions: Same ol G, Horatius and tommib
Stefan.North
cmon.
A small crack on that wall or anything would not hurt.
A giant blinking neon arrows pointing at breakable blocks wouldn't hurt either, but that's not Metroid.
Even though it is action-adventure style game, it should be played like a run & gun, shooting and bombing constantly at everything.
There are ways to understand this disagreement in terms other than right or wrong design. Progressive design vs archaic design. When Richard Bartle created a way of dividing players by motivation for games like MMOs he used two axis to describe player motivation. Player/World motivation and Acting/Interacting motivation. Obviously, for purely single player games, we can assume the motivation to play is for the world, but people may also want to watch others play on twitch or share their interest in the game in some way. But the divide here is between Acting/Interacting motivation.
For the "acting" there are the achievers. Obviously this is the type of player who is a big target customer for single player games. They will churn through new game after game just to say they have completed them, rack up as many "achievements" as they can. There is no accident in the naming there. Socially, they want to show off how large their collection of achievements is.
Then for interacting you get people who play games more slowly and want to push every button in the game, master every character, look in every dark corner to see what is hiding. The explorers. I'm more like the second type. Socially they do not really care for achievements but do enjoy acting as guides for newer players.
So what we have here are "achievers" getting angry at a rare game that wasn't made specifically for them. Even using the language of civil rights to describe a tide of history where all games will eventually be made only for achievers and one day we will look back at the barbaric times when there were still exploration games. Take a step back, I say.
Reactions: Jsisto, Boglin, Horatius and 1 other person
SpokkX
I really enjoy listening to you davidjaffe - you have great insights and are frankly hilarious sometimes
However in this case you are just plain wrong. It is refreshing with a game that does not hold your hand. You have to actually CARE about the environment - and the environment is interactive unlike many modern games
Btw that single example is hardly representative of the complete game.
I do understand if the game is not for you though - Metroid is not for everyone. It is an exploration based game - not a linear shooter
Reactions: SpongebobSquaredance and tommib
Bryank75 said:
Gaf should be a cool place that people want to hang out and shoot the shit in......
Not a place of constant antagonistic behavior.
You realize that Jaffe himself said in the first minute of the video that "If this is acceptable to you then you're just a fucking moron." Why should anyone be acting nice to him?
Reactions: Closer, Coconutt, TintoConCasera and 3 others
kuncol02
tommib said:
Wasn't GoW first game with "press A to awesome" design philosophy? In terms of raw gameplay it was years behind DMC. All I can think of that game are almost self playing QTE bosses.
Reactions: Closer and Wonko_C
StylishMGTOW said:
Just because it's 'always been like this', doesn't mean that it's not a legitimate complaint. There's always room for improvement for anything and the fact that you guys are willing to forego legitimate design issues because it's always been like that... Man, maybe the industry is doomed for stagnation after all, what with this kind of mentality amongst consumers.
Also, how about, instead of attacking Jaffe and his place in the industry, you critique his opinion? I disagree with Jaffe with a lot of things, but he has a point in this; and no, I'm not 'appealing to authority' here: from a designer's perspective, this is not good design.
I swear man, people take their video games so seriously that they're willing to take it up the ass with these corporations.
How about we stop acting like everyone is just going "it's always been like this" and not giving tons of thought out reasons why it's good design. and again if the guy doesn't want to be attacked then he wouldn't be calling everyone who disagrees with him a fucking moron.
Reactions: Closer, Spaceman292 and tommib
A.Romero said:
It seems this triggered a lot of people.
Can a person have a preference?
I mean, I don't think he said "they should stop selling this game" or something like that. He is just saying that he believes it's a bad design choice and that he will stop playing. I think that's fair.
Again, he literally starts by saying, IF you disagree you are a moron.
Why is everyone pretending he's just calmly expressing his opinion and expecting everyone else to put on kid gloves for him.
Reactions: Closer, Interfectum, TintoConCasera and 3 others
Are you telling me Nintendo couldn't have made it more clear than just a text?
They do better than just some text, They do better than just some video, they make you do it yourself even if you aren't reading the text.
Reactions: Wonko_C
Stefan.North said:
It would hurt. There is a difference a crack and huge arrows cmon.
Yeah, but a crack would hurt too.
The game already gives you more than enough information to know that there is a hidden block there. Including the fact that if you have been attentive and have been keeping track of where you have been you would have easily narrowed down where there may be somewhere you can go, keeping track of your environment IS PART OF THE GAME. But again even if he didn't have a reason to suspect this room it's still obvious the moment you walk in, it's just laughable that he keeps trying to say "there's like 25 rooms where I might be able to go".
Jaffe is simply being too much of a moron who can't accept that he failed a part of the game, it's no different than saying a shooter has bad design because you did try shooting a bosses fleshy glowing weak point instead of it's armor. Figuring out where to shoot without it being cracked is what makes it fun. What is the point of adding a crack when the point is to realize you can go there based on the layout, your previous encounters with these scenarios and your knowledge of the current dead ends.
A crack-adds nothing but a method to bypass all this by going. see crack, shoot crack. teaching the player to continue to ignore paying attention to the layout, so yeah ti hurts.
Reactions: Hardensoul, Interfectum, Boglin and 2 others
N30RYU
Completed it yesterday (almost 19h)... and it was my first metroid game ever to beat... the games does have it's obscure parts but overall is pretty straightforward.
The only thing that bugs me is how to move from area to area... to revisit zones, with 99% of the time the train/teleport/elevator putting you in an area you can't progress through to go to a previous explored zone. This makes you go to the train to get to that other area... then get the elevator and then the teleport just to end in the first area you started but in the other side of the "unbreakable" wall...
I guess it's in the Metroid dna... and that's why this revisiting areas with new powers is called metroidvania for a reason... anyway it's a solid 8/10 game for me.
Reactions: Hardensoul and Wonko_C
MrLove
Jeff is right and Nintendo hasn't developed good game designs in ages.
Reactions: recursive, ethomaz, SpongebobSquaredance and 4 others
Wonko_C
kuncol02 said:
Ah yes, Devil May Cry (especially 3) runs laps around any GoW. The combat is much better and freeflowing, and it actually feels like you're hitting the enemies with swords, fists, etc. (In GoW it feels like you're hitting enemies with foam sticks). The game encourages replayability and getting better at it with its rank and scoring systems, which were completely missing from GoW, making a one and done deal.
Reactions: kuncol02
Lethal01 said:
if the guy doesn't want to be attacked then he wouldn't be calling everyone who disagrees with him a fucking moron.
It doesn't mean we need to stoop to the same level.
But I do think it's completely fair to criticize his argument, especially when he published a public video about it.
ethomaz
How can you even sucks at Metroid? lol
Imagine you being in a outside planet with big text or arrows to show you where to go or do.
davidjaffe you really want these non-immersive game design? Metroid is about explore something you don't know.
Reactions: Hardensoul and Lethal01
Boglin
Jeeves said:
Of course you're right that people don't need to stoop to his level but it's not surprising that his choice of language invites a similar lack of tact
Reactions: Rran
TintoConCasera
Well then I guess I have to be the biggest moron alive because I've loved the game but hey, at least I managed to beat a toddlers game, not like some pretentious game designer.
Reactions: GymWolf and Lethal01
MegaBustet
It's Metroid, you shoot blocks that have no indication they'll break away. If you don't understand that concept you'll have a bad time.
Cutty Flam
"it's bush league" ….
davidjaffe git good bro
Reactions: Eevee86, TintoConCasera and Boglin
StylishMGTOW
Fair enough, he does have that going for him; but as a person with eyes and is vaguely aware of the series (only finished Metroid Prime and Samus Returns, don't remember much of both), he does have a point. If having something like that a staple in the series, fine, but that doesn't de-legitimize his opinion.
The screenshot being shared around this thread looks vastly different than the instance he was talking about in the video.
saintjules
This whole ordeal is reminding me of Batman Forever on SNES:
I remember renting this as a kid and being stuck in an area similar to this. But at least the developers had the decency to put a hole on the ceiling.
Oh man I remember playing this...
Reactions: Ailynn
Tsukumo
Im not his biggest fan and even I think the thread title is a bit over the top...
Nah, It's extremely similar, scenarios with 1 block thick walls where the map shows a location just on the otherside in addition to you being able to see it yourself.
And I'm not at all relying on "this is a series staple so it's okay" I'm saying this is good design so it's okay. I understand it's his opinion, i'm just saying he's wrong.
It has tons of hints and indications and the challenge to the player is picking up on those. He is simply complaining that it didn't have the specific indication that HE wants. Again, it's like complaining about an armored weakpoint with a glowing fleshy weak point not verbally telling you that you can shoot it. FIguring out this stuff on your own IS the fun and makes the game better.
This particular example is just complaining about needing to use your mind on the most basic level and him complaining about it makes me happy that he's not infecting any games right now.
Reactions: Closer, StylishMGTOW and TintoConCasera
No cracks, no visual clues, no help, use some of your time to know the game.
Welcome to NES / Sega Gens. gaming days, also called best gaming era, where pre-school boys would get hairs on their chests, and fingers hard as wood. They would laugh at 3 screens wide wall and glich the caracter through, compared to now "I need a crack, a strong wind and no enemies on screen to break a single block".
Don't teach a horse how to horse
I had nes and then later in 1997 got my pc. That is quite a few years of gaming...
Reactions: Stefan.North
Eevee86
Reactions: Pegasus Actual, Orenji Neko, Rran and 9 others
BusierDonkey
Jaffe has evolved from a guy that made fun games to a typical games journalist that doesn't even like himself.
sloppyjoe_gamer
Eevee86 said:
If derp derp derp derp were an actual living video (watching him try to shoot above his head LMAO)
Reactions: Stitch and 00_Zer0
heringer
If I had never played Metroid before and only watched that part of the video, I would agree with him.
Here's the thing though: this stuff is part of the "groove" of Metroid games, and the game itself teaches you that. Even without putting into words (though Dread literally does that), the game eases you into a rhythm of shooting walls to open new paths. It starts with small, very obvious hidden paths, and then it grows in complexity a little. And it's not nearly as cryptic as the video may suggest, as there are subtle indications like the map (if you stumble upon an empty room that leads nowhere and you can see in the map there's a section very close to it, it's probably time to shoot walls).
Maybe you don't like it, but it's not necessarily bad design (though it can be if the game doesn't inform the player in any way, but Metroid does that in subtle ways).
Reactions: Lethal01 and SpongebobSquaredance
Sneed Wagon
Funny how I only ever hear about this guy now when he's publicly throwing a tantrum at games with strong followings (ex. Cruelty Squad).
Anything to stay relevant I guess. Negative engagement is still engagement.
davidjaffe said:
The ones defending this for the following reasons would fail a design class and be fired from a design job asap. Here's why:
#1- Saying 'this is metroid and it's how the series is' is a ridiculous statement. UNLESS the game makes it clear from the start there is a prerequesite to playing DREAD that you have to have played earlier games in the series, that excuse is hollow and embarrassing. A person's understanding of a game should not have to come from a previous game (esp. when the last meaningfully relevant one in the 2D series was Super Metroid in 94). And it should not have to come from a guide or the internet or twitter. If the game doesn't tell you how to play, it's the game's fault.
#2- Saying 'the game DOES tell you how to play in the tutorial' is also ridiculous. In the first 10 minutes of exposing the Player to exposing interactive blocks, you get:
a- blocks that LOOK literally like glowing blocks.
b- blocks that look like nothing, just the level.
c- blocks that look like weird bio/bloody/heart sections.
All 3 can be shot and destroyed. However the b type (that looks like just the level) is basically telling the Player 'we will give you ZERO visual cues for what can be damaged...just go into a room and shoot stuff and hope that helps if you are stuck.' This would be like there being NO CRACKS to cue you on bomb walls in Zelda and Players going 'you suck at Zelda cause you're SUPPOSED to enter every room and start throwing bombs randomly until something breaks open'.
ALSO, given there are multiple challenges in the game (exploration, genuine puzzles, combat, map reading,etc.) getting 'stuck' BECAUSE you are not shooting something is not clear. In a game with over 100 rooms to visit, how am I supposed to know WHICH room requires the 'blast everything' solve vs. 'Oh, the solve is in a room 10 rooms away where I need to hit a button or some such shit?'
#3- The 360 aim on the Joy Con controller is shit. I used it as rarely as possible. Not because I wasn't aware of it but because it's a fucking pain in the ass to press that little narrow slice of a button up top. People's answer: 'oh yeah- everyone knows you should play with a pro controller'. Really?!? Then ship the fucking game with a pro controller or at least let Players know that shit on the box/download. A lot of defense of this game is simply defending bad decisions from Nintendo because 'that's shit you should know if you were a REAL fan of Metroid!' Get the fuck out of here, you gatekeeping stooges. Please.
#4-Shooting the enemy crawling on the ceiling IS a great tell to help Players understand the section. However, the enemy ALSO- as part of its path- crawls on parts of the ceiling that are NOT breakable. I happened to kill it on one of those non break sections. And so he was GONE and thus that hint was no longer an option for me. I guess that's my problem too, right? I should have magically known there was a magical window in which to shoot the enemy so it would open up a section of the level and it's my fault- even tho the enemy that is designed as a tool tip GOES to places where the tool tip won't pop. Insane defense.
Look, you can love Metroid all you like. And you can love how arcane it can be. And you can even love- silly as I think it is- your being accepted in a little club that has a secret 'Only WE are the ones who really 'get' this game!' handshake. But what you can't do is try to prop up shit design and call it good. I mean you can TRY that, but those of us who actually know the craft and have worked in the craft of design- whatever you think of my various games- know a hell of a lot better and are very aware that you're full of shit.
Don't do drugs.
Jaffe
Sounds like you're just mad because your hand wasn't held. You've been in the industry and have made games for the world to play yet you somehow weren't aware that the JoyCons are trash and have been since the very start? Also, what's the big deal? You were stuck for 45 minutes, so what? Ocarina of Time is arguably the best game of all time and had many fans stumped for hours, days, weeks while playing the Water Temple. Games don't need to fit your cookie cutter ideals of what you've been taught in class about game design
If we went off only what you know and preach, we'd never have the extremely rewarding to find hidden blocks and items in Super Mario RPG for the Super Nintendo. Again, games don't need to tell you anything, there doesn't need to be a hint of any kind. You're thinking commercial, but a game can go anywhere in terms of its design and creativity
Cutty Flam said:
Blaming it on the joycon is too easy an out. They are bad but not so bad that he can't aim up.
heringer said:
Even if you didn't know about breakable walls, killing the enemy crawling on the ceiling would break it if you aren't jump shotting like an idiot like he was.
I wondered if he let go of this and continued enjoying the game, so I find his twitter and uh...
How obtuse can you be? I guess getting stuck really wounded his pride.
Reactions: SpongebobSquaredance and Longcat
Doubling down… He could be looking for visibility. He does run a business with his podcasts and YouTube videos.
He is definitely milking this exposure now. You don't just put out multiple bitch fest tweets and videos on the same exact thing like your super mad for days.
Reactions: SpongebobSquaredance, Longcat and tommib
Reactions: SpongebobSquaredance
He still hasn't observed all the people finishing the game with no problem? And continues to think the game is the issue? I kinda regret defending him multiple times on this board. He has revealed himself to be quite the complete fool, sadly.
I still find it hard to believe he's not muckraking.
kevm3
I agree with David Jaffe. This game has moments of awful design in that you are supposed to randomly shoot the floor or ceiling to search for destructible blocks in order to progress the game. I can understand doing this for hidden powerups/areas, but to progress the game? It's ridiculous. In order to get the wide beam, you have to go past the second area without finishing it up and go to the third area... When you get to the area that connects the second area to the third area, it locks you in and I literally thought I glitched my way into the third area too early because I couldn't escape and I couldn't get past any of the doors in the 3rd area. Come to find out, after looking at the video, I was supposed to shoot the floor, of which there is no real visual indication that it's a destructible floor. Awful.
Reactions: Orenji Neko
kevm3 said:
Nope. Everything in the game has visual cues that make areas that are destructible suspicious, or even obvious.
Use your eyes.
Then your brain.
You'll get through the game just fine, like everyone else who did the above.
Dr Bass said:
Or how about the game devs use good game design. Good game design isn't spamming the fire button and firing into every crevice and trying to advance the game.
Hmm, so we come to this sweet dead end. Which block do we need to shoot to advance? Is it the top one? Nope, your shots do nothing to the top middle blocks. Is it the bottom middle one with the cracks? Nope. You literally have to shoot the floor below the light with NO visual cue to tell you that it's destructible. I'm sorry, but that's terrible game design. And no, that's not to get some secret power up. You have to shoot a floor with ZERO visual cues to PROGRESS THE GAME
Reactions: Nico_D, recursive, SpongebobSquaredance and 1 other person
This has nothing to do with holding your hand. I've beat games like Castlevania SOTN, Super Metroid, Axiom Verge, etc. I don't recall any of those games having stuff like this. This is more akin to the original castlevania where you were supposed to duck in a corner and a magical tornado would whisk you away
Someone tell me how it is logical to shoot the highlighted floor here to progress
cireza
I'm sorry, but that's terrible game design
I have been playing the game for a few days. I was stuck here... for about 2 seconds. This dead-end is where the normal flow of the game takes you, of course the answer is going to be here, in this dead-end. The floor itself is thin, in the dead-end. They even put a light right above. Common sense.
This is standard Metroid game-design. Play something else.
Reactions: recursive, Rran, SpongebobSquaredance and 2 others
cireza said:
No, this isn't standard metroid game design. They don't put a series of destructable blocks above and below you but in order to progress you have to shoot the floor that has no visual cues to shoot. Castlevania SOTN never had this problem, nor did Cave Story, nor did Axiom Verge nor did Super metroid.
Reactions: recursive, Orenji Neko, SpongebobSquaredance and 1 other person
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


April 29, 2010 -- We have added new sign up forms for volunteers and workshop leaders. The volunteer form lets potential volunteers sign up easily, giving their contact info, their abilities and which days and times they can help. The workshop form helps potential workshop leaders organize information about their workshops and themselves. Both of these forms automatically store their results in a database shared by CNCPPD staff, representing a new level of continuity over the prior years' email only methods for our ever changing volunteer staff.


text:
George Washington Walton
Name George Washington Walton
Born 27 Oct 1851 Keene, New York, USA
Died 30 Aug 1928 Salem, Oregon, USA
Buried 3 Sep 1928 Lee Mission Cemetery, Salem, Marion County, Oregon, United States
Person ID I00705 Family Tree
Last Modified 8 Dec 2013
Father George Walton, b. 1825, New York, USA
Mother Louisa ?, b. 1824, Canada
Family Susan Ellis McClelland, b. Feb 1857, Canada , d. 12 Mar 1924, Portland, Oregon, USA (Age 67 years)
Married 30 Sep 1874 Black Brook, New York, USA
+ 1. Lettie May Walton, b. 30 Nov 1877, Keene, New York, USA , d. 3 Nov 1937, Washington, District of Columbia, USA (Age 59 years)
+ 2. Harold Henderson Walton, b. Oct 1882, Keene, New York, USA , d. 11 May 1957, Newburgh, New York, USA (Age 74 years)
3. Lulu R. Walton, b. 10 Dec 1884, Saranac Lake, New York, USA , d. 10 Sep 1963, Salem, Oregon, USA (Age 78 years)
+ 4. Ralph Wilfred Walton, b. 10 May 1887, Saranac Lake, New York, USA , d. 21 Apr 1961, Montclair, New Jersey, USA (Age 73 years)
+ 5. Paul Hugo Walton, b. 27 Aug 1890, Keene, New York, USA , d. 9 Oct 1971, Saranac Lake, New York, USA (Age 81 years)
+ 6. Louisa Joyce Walton, b. Aug 1891, New York, USA , d. 2 Feb 1948, Salem, Oregon, USA (Age 56 years)
7. Fremont Winston Walton, b. 30 Dec 1895, New York, USA , d. 21 Feb 1974 (Age 78 years)
8. Lorena Walton, b. 20 May 1897, New York, USA , d. 31 Jan 1981, Cowlitz County, Washington, USA (Age 83 years)
Born - 27 Oct 1851 - Keene, New York, USA
Married - 30 Sep 1874 - Black Brook, New York, USA
Died - 30 Aug 1928 - Salem, Oregon, USA
Buried - 3 Sep 1928 - Lee Mission Cemetery, Salem, Marion County, Oregon, United States
George Walton
George W. Walton
Keene, Essex County, New York
Salem, Marion County, Oregon
WALTON, George W.
b. [ ] 1851
d. [30 Aug] 1928 C-40-02-03
"At the home of his daughter, Mrs. R.D. Barton, at 1105 Leslie street, on August 30, George W. Walton. Children surviving are Dr. Ralph Walton, F.W. Walton, of Exeter, Calif., Miss Lulu Walton of Portland, Mrs. Lorena Sturgon of Corvallis and Mrs. Barton of Salem, Mrs. George W. Quick, Washington, D.C., H.H. Walton, and Paul Walton of Albany, N.Y. Funeral services Monday, September 3 at 1:30 p.m., at Rigdon's chapel with inter-ment in Lee Mission cemetery." OS Sep 1, 1928 5:4
George Washington Walton, son of George and Louisa Walton, was born in Keene, Essex county, N.Y. on October 27, 1861, and spent the greater part of his life in the Adirondacks. On September 30, 1874 he was married to Susan Ellis McClelland of Saranac Lake. For several years his chief occupation was that of a contractor and builder. Numerous summer hotels and other public buildings remain as lasting tribute to his skill, among them the Blue Mountain Lake House and the Keene Center public library. His many friends in the Ausable Valley will best remember him in the years when he maintained a wheelwright shop in Keene Center and took a leading part in the affairs of the town, holding such offices as justice, notary and school director. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1916 he sold his eastern property and joined his wife and five of his children in Oregon, where he purchased a home. After the death of his wife in 1924, he made his home with his daughter, Mrs. R.D. Barton of Salem, Oregon, until his death on August 30, 1928. On September 3, he was laid to rest beside his life-long companion in Jason Lee Mission cemetery at Salem, Oregon. His only brother, Christopher M. Walton, died at Rochester, N.Y., in April of the present year. He is survived by the following children: Mrs. George W. Quick, 17th and Eye Streets, N.W., Washington D.C.; H.H. Walton, 245 Colonie Street, Albany, N.Y.; Lulu R. Walton, Sequoia Hotel, San Francisco, California; Dr. R.W. Walton, 48 N. Fullerton Avenue, Montclair, N.J.; Paul H. Walton, 232 Arlington Avenue, Syracuse, N.Y.; Mrs. R.D. Barton, 1105 Leslie Street, Salem, Oregon; F.W. Walton, 235 South C Street, Exeter, California; Mrs. J.E. Sturgeon, 734 South Tenth Street, Corvallis, Oregon.
--The Record Post - Au Sable Forks, NY, Thursday September 20, 1928
Oregon Death Index, 1903-98
Name: Walton, George W.County: MarionDeath Date: 30 Aug 1928Certificate: 596
GEORGE WALTON ?-? FAMILY REUNION
Nearly a half century ago the George Walton family who lived in Keene for. many years sold their property and went to the West Coast, taking the younger children with theirs who afterwards married and made their homes in the West. Last Tuesday the following arrived at Mr. and Mrs. Timothy Sullivan's for a reunion and to call on old friends which they had wished to do for so long: Harold Walton from Monroe, N. Y.; Mrs. George Quick (Lulu) from Rotterdam Junction, N. Y.; Dr. Ralph Walton from Mont Clair, N.J.; Paul Walton from Syracuse, N.Y.; Mrs. Lorena Sturgeon from Corvallius, Oregon, and Fremont Walton from Exeter, Calif. To Fremont and Lorena, who hadn't been here for so many years the old Keene was gone and a new one in its place with
many strange faces, new homes and scenic wonders. The old friends were so glad to have the privilege of visiting
with them again and hoping there will not be the span of years before they come to Keene again.
- THE RECORD-POST. Au Sable, New York, September 27, 1956


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In recent months we've seen a spate of assertions that peak oil is a worry of the past thanks to so-called "new technologies" that can tap massive amounts of previously inaccessible stores of "unconventional" oil. "Don't worry, drive on," we're told.
We can fall for the oil industry hype and keep ourselves chained to a resource that's depleting and comes with ever increasing economic and environmental costs, or we can recognize that the days of cheap and abundant oil (not to mention coal and natural gas) are over.
Unfortunately, the mainstream media and politicians on both sides of the aisle are parroting the hype, claiming — in Obama's case — that unconventional oil can play a key role in an "all of the above" energy strategy and — in Romney's — that increased production of tight oil and tar sands can make North America energy independent by the end of his second term.
Dutch: Roeland van der Kley!


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Trailer Review: "The Spanish Princess"
On January 26, 2019 January 26, 2019 By hmalagisiIn Uncategorized
As many of you know, the first trailer for "The Spanish Princess", the new miniseries by Starz and based off books by Philippa Gregory, just dropped. This is the story of Catherine of Aragon coming to England to marry Prince Arthur, but when Arthur dies unexpectantly, Catherine must choose between going back to Spain or marrying her dead husband's brother Henry Tudor, who would become Henry VIII. I have watched the trailer and I have decided to review the trailer.
This series is "drawn" from two of Philippa Gregory's books, "The Constant Princess" and "The King's Curse". It has been over a year or two since I personally read these books. So before we dive into a review of the trailer, I thought it would be appropriate to look at the summaries of both of these books, which you can find from Philippa Gregory's website, to see what we might expect to see from this series.
The first book we will look at is "The Constant Princess":
We think of her as the barren wife of a notorious king; but behind this legacy lies a fascinating story. Katherine of Aragon is born Catalina, the Spanish Infanta, to parents who are both rulers and warriors. Aged four, she is betrothed to Arthur, Prince of Wales, and is raised to be Queen of England. She is never in doubt that it is her destiny to rule that far-off, wet, cold land. Her faith is tested when her prospective father-in-law greets her arrival in her new country with a great insult; Arthur seems little better than a boy; the food is strange and the customs coarse. Slowly she adapts to the first Tudor court, and life as Arthur's wife grows ever more bearable. But when the studious young man dies, she is left to make her own future: how can she now be queen, and found a dynasty? Only by marrying Arthur's young brother, the sunny but spoilt Henry. His father and grandmother are against it; her powerful parents prove little use. Yet Katherine is her mother's daughter and her fighting spirit is strong. She will do anything to achieve her aim; even if it means telling the greatest lie, and holding to it.
The second book is "The King's Curse":
This is the story of deposed royal Margaret Pole, and her unique view of King Henry VIII's stratospheric rise to power in Tudor England. Margaret Pole spends her young life struggling to free her brother, arrested as a child, from the Tower of London. The Tower – symbol of the Tudor usurpation of her family's throne – haunts Margaret's dreams until the day that her brother is executed on the orders of Henry VII. Regarded as yet another threat to the volatile King Henry VII's claim to the throne, Margaret is buried in marriage to a steady and kind Tudor supporter – Sir Richard Pole, governor of Wales. But Margaret's quiet, hidden life is changed forever by the arrival of Arthur, the young Prince of Wales, and his beautiful bride, Katherine of Aragon, as Margaret soon becomes a trusted advisor and friend to the honeymooning couple. Margaret's destiny, as an heiress to the Plantagenets, is not for a life in the shadows. Tragedy throws her into poverty and rebellion against the new royal family, luck restores her to her place at court where she becomes the chief lady-in-waiting to Queen Katherine and watches the dominance of the Spanish queen over her husband, and her fall. As the young king becomes increasingly paranoid of rivals he turns his fearful attention to Margaret and her royal family. Amid the rapid deterioration of the Tudor court, Margaret must choose whether her allegiance is to the increasingly tyrannical king, Henry VIII, or to her beloved queen and princess. Caught between the old world and the new, Margaret has to find her own way and hide her knowledge of an old curse on all the Tudors, which is slowly coming true . . .
The trailer for "The Spanish Princess" begins with the introduction of the show's protagonist, Catherine of Aragon, played by Charlotte Hope, walking outside in her white wedding dress. Her purpose in England was to marry the future King of England in order to make an alliance between England and Spain. I think Charlotte Hope looks the part of Catherine of Aragon. She looks rather regal, a bit shy at first, but she becomes a strong and determined young woman. Plus she has auburn hair; which is the actual hair color Catherine of Aragon was known to have. A huge plus for fans of Catherine of Aragon and her life story.
The first few seconds of the trailer, we are introduced to the important members of the English court. King Henry VII, played by Elliot Cowan, is an older man who seems to dress quite lavishly and who seeks to make England a better country. The one problem that I have with the character of Henry VII is his accent. Though we are not sure what kind of accent he might have had since he was part Welsh and lived in France and Brittany for a time in his life, one would assume he might have some French or Welsh accent, but his accent, from what we can gather, sounds solely English. I might be nit-picking here a bit, but it did bother me a little bit. Always next to Henry's side is his wife, Elizabeth of York, who is played by Alexandra Moen.
Now we come to the two brothers, Arthur and Henry, or "Harry" as he is called in this series. Prince Arthur, who is played by Angus Imrie, looks very thin and almost sickly in the images that we do see of him. From what we know of Arthur, he was rather healthy, until his death shortly after marrying Catherine. Henry "Harry", played by Ruairi O'Connor, has that suave and debonaire feel to him. The one problem that many people have, myself included, is the fact that when Catherine and Henry first met, Henry was around 10 or 11 and Catherine was around 16. The trailer makes it seem as though the two were around the same age when they met, which was not the case.
Henry and Catherine developed feelings for each other and Henry wants Catherine to stay and marry him, although she is his brother's widow. We see two members of the English royal family who are not exactly thrilled with this match. They are Margaret Beaufort, Henry VIII's grandmother, played by Dame Harriet Walter, and Margaret "Maggie" Pole, played by Laura Carmichael. We also get a look at the ladies of waiting to Catherine of Aragon, Lina, and Rosa, who are played by Stephanie Levi-John and Nadia Parkes respectfully. The series also decided to include Oviedo, played by Aaron Cobham, who falls in love with Lina.
I do enjoy the costumes for this series as they do seem to honor the past. The scenery is intriguing and transports the viewer to the time of the Tudors. The one scene that I did have a slight problem with was the last one in the trailer, which shows Catherine, Lina, and Rosa dressed in black in the cathedral, mourning for Prince Arthur. From what it looks like in the trailer, it is Arthur's funeral. Lina and Rosa are wailing while Catherine is in the middle, no tears down her face, as she looks stoically at the camera. My issue with this scene is the fact that members of the royal family did not attend his funeral because of the risk of the sweating sickness. If you would like to read more about Prince Arthur's funeral, Dr. Sean Cunningham, who wrote the book "Prince Arthur: The Tudor King Who Never Was", wrote a fascinating article for On the Tudor Trail, which you can find below in the sources.
The series also uses nicknames such as "Harry" for Prince Henry, "Maggie" for Margaret Pole, "Charlie" for Charles Brandon and "Meg" Tudor. It is not clear if "Meg" is a combination of Mary and Margaret or if it is just Margaret Tudor. I don't know why they would choose to go down this route as both Mary and Margaret are important figures, being the sisters of Henry and Arthur Tudor. Another notable absence from the list of characters is Isabella of Castille, Catherine's formidable mother. We do, apparently, get an appearance from Christopher Columbus, according to the cast list, but not from Catherine's own mother, who really shaped what kind of woman Catherine would become.
Overall, I did enjoy the trailer. I think it is interesting that Starz decided to combine both the stories of Catherine of Aragon and Margaret Pole into a mini-series. From what was shown in the trailer, it looks like their main focus will be Catherine and Henry so hopefully, we will see more of Margaret later in the show. "The Spanish Princess" looks like it will be an enjoyable show for those who love historical dramas.
What are your thoughts about this trailer and will you watch "The Spanish Princess"?
https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/film-tv/a26038583/the-spanish-princess-starz-first-teaser-trailer/
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8417308/fullcredits?ref_=tt_cl_sm#cast
https://www.philippagregory.com/books/the-constant-princess
https://www.philippagregory.com/books/the-king-s-curse
http://onthetudortrail.com/Blog/2016/07/30/prince-arthurs-funeral-ceremony-despair-and-shifting-politics-in-1502/
https://thefreelancehistorywriter.com/2015/06/19/the-wedding-of-arthur-tudor-prince-of-wales-and-catherine-of-aragon/
Aaron CobhamAlexandra MoenAngus ImrieArthur TudorCatherine of AragonCharlotte HopeDame Harriet WalterDr. Sean CunninghamElizabeth of YorkElliot CowanEnglandHenry VIIHenry VIIIhistorical dramaLaura CarmichaelLinaMargaret BeaufortMargaret PoleNadia ParkesOviedoPhilippa GregoryRosaRuairi O'ConnorSpainStarzStephanie Levi-JohnThe Constant PrincessThe King's CurseThe Spanish Princesstrailer review
Book Review: "Anne of Cleves: Henry VIII's Unwanted Wife" by Sarah-Beth Watkins
Book Review: "Wars of the Roses: Trinity" by Conn Iggulden


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This tract consist of 6 tracts that makes up 15 acres, corner of oxley rd and highway 50 truck by pass. had an approval with file number: H-05-35. The Master Plan would need to be updated or revised through the Planning Dept. prior to developing the property since it has expired. The Highway frontage is 787'. Seller will do Owner Finance with 20% down, 6% interest. Also, this tract allows commercial and residential.


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text:
Хајнрих Ото Виланд (, Пфорцхајм, 4. јун 1877.—Штарнберг, 5. август 1957) је био немачки хемичар. Добио је Нобелову награду за хемију 1927. године за истраживање жучних киселина.

Докторирао је 1901. године на Универзитету у Минхену као студент Јоханеса Тилеа. Године 1914. постао је ванредни професор за специјална поглавља у органској хемији и директор органске секције у Државној лабораторији у Минхену. Од 1917. до 1918. године, Виланд је радио у Институту цара Вилхелма за физичку хемију и електрохемију у Берлину, што је била замена за службу у армији. Ту је сарађивао на пројекту синтезе бојног отрова иперита. Први је успео да синтетизује адамсит. У периоду 1913—1921, био је професор на Техничком универзитету у Минхену. Године 1941. Виланд ја изоловао токсин алфа-аманитин. Као уважени професор користио је свој положај да заштити неке јеврејске студенте.

У његову част се од 1964. године додељује награда за хемију, биохемију, физиологију и клиничку медицину липида, која носи његово име. То је једна од најпрестижнијих награда за хемију у свету. Спонзор награде је компанија Берингер Ингелхајм (-{Boehringer Ingelheim}-) са којом је Виланд сарађивао.

Референце

Спољашње везе

Рођени 1877.
Умрли 1957.
Нобеловци за хемију
Немачки хемичари
Доктори хемије
Немачки нобеловци

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The work briefly reviews the economic reasons to support an approach to environmental protection based on the principle of «command and control», alternative to market mechanisms. Through a synthetic examination of the evolution of the Italian legislation, it moves on to examine the state of implementation in Italy of the «Habitats» and «Birds» directives, with regard to marine environment and the related issues. Following the evolution of the legislation, special attention is paid to the issues related to the management of marine protected areas, in relation to the different standards underlying their establishment, with a focus on the problems concerning conflicts of competence insurgents, particularly in relations between central government and regions . In relation to the particular case of the institution of the Sites of Community Interest in the marine environment (marine SCIs), it's been developed the case study of the region of Sardinia, which was applied for the first time, through the establishment of marine SCIs overlapping to MPA's, as an attempt to centralize the management of the two different systems of protection in a single management body. A critical analysis of this approach shows that the establishment of marine SCIs experienced in Sardinia does not meet the requirements of the Community, including those relating to the indications issued by the Commission, on the basis of the case law of the European Court of Justice on the subject.


Who should not take Benazepril-Hydrochlorothiazide?
What conditions does Benazepril-Hydrochlorothiazide treat?
Tell your doctor right away if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur: fainting, decreased sexual ability, tingling or numbness of the hands/feet, decrease in vision, eye pain, symptoms of a high potassium blood level (such as muscle weakness, slow/irregular heartbeat).
Tell your doctor right away if any of these highly unlikely but very serious side effects occur: signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine), seizures.
List Benazepril-Hydrochlorothiazide side effects by likelihood and severity.
This medication should not be used if you have certain medical conditions. Before using this medicine, consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have: urinary problems (inability to make urine or anuria), history of an allergic reaction which included swelling of the face/lips/tongue/throat (angioedema).
Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: kidney disease, liver disease, severe loss of body fluids (dehydration through excessive sweating, vomiting, or diarrhea), mineral/electrolyte problems (e.g., imbalance of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium), gout, lupus, asthma.
What should I know regarding pregnancy, nursing and administering Benazepril-Hydrochlorothiazide to children or the elderly?
Some products that may interact with this drug are: aliskiren, cisapride, cholestyramine, colestipol, diazoxide, dofetilide, certain drugs that weaken the immune system/increase the risk of infection (such as everolimus, sirolimus), drugs which can increase dizziness (e.g., phenobarbital, narcotic analgesics), drugs that may increase the level of potassium in the blood (such as ARBs including losartan/valsartan, birth control pills containing drospirenone), lithium, probenecid, gold injections, sacubitril.
Does Benazepril-Hydrochlorothiazide interact with other medications?
This medicine is a pink, oblong, scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with "E 204".
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This medicine is a red, oblong, scored, tablet imprinted with "LOTENSIN HCT" and "454 454".
Are you considering switching to Benazepril-Hydrochlorothiazide?
How long have you been taking Benazepril-Hydrochlorothiazide?


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Bix gives a timely update called "Making the Crypto Transition".
In it, Bix says that when the monetary system as it stands today collapses, the world will move on to cryptocurrencies, which are "asset based", which Bix refers to the underlying asset as being "math" and "trust".
Bix says that the transition will take some time, though, lasting 20 to 30 years, so in the meantime, high quality, token based cryptocurrencies will be the best forms of "currency" to be used for "barter" when the system collapses.
Bix says that when the monetary system stops, literally half of the entire world population will die, but thankfully, Bix shares techniques we can use to barter with each other via cryptocurrency based bartering so that we don't end up as part of the unlucky half of the world that is going to die.
Bix says it is the classic "breadmaker versus the housebuilder issue" where the guy building a house needs some bread and the guy baking bread needs some other thing, so they will resort to using cryptocurrency based tokens to conduct their barter (presumably via the internet in an area that has power) when society collapses.
Bix says "all we have to do is trust in math, that 2+2 equals 4", and that math is is exactly the asset that will back the new cryptocurrency (in addition to trust).


The first session of the week is "DNS Demystified." All OSX systems really like Good DNS, and it has been critical for me, as your system admin, to make sure that DNS is configured properly.
It's always good to sit in a refresher session, and any would be Mac admin needs to have a solid understanding of DNS.
This entry was posted in DNS, Networking, Server by Jon Thompson. Bookmark the permalink.


text:
Mladenov next to a rioter at the Gaza border protest
Photo: AP, Reuters
UN Mid-East envoy chides IDF response at border protest
Following the shooting of a 15-year-old protester during Gaza border riots, UN Mid-East Special Coordinator Mladenov slams the IDF for the incident, calling it 'outrageous' and says it 'must be investigated.'
Elior Levy and Yoav Zitun|Published: 04.20.18 , 23:25
UN Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process Nikolay Mladenov condemned Friday the IDF killing of a 15-year-old Palestinian that occurred earlier that day during a riot on the Gaza border, echoing UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres by calling for an investigation of the "outrageous" incident.
"It is OUTRAGEOUS to shoot at children!" Mladenov fumed in a twitter post. "How does the killing of a child in Gaza today help peace? It doesn't! It fuels anger and breeds more killing. Children must be protected from violence, not exposed to it, not killed! This tragic incident must be investigated."
Mladenov next to the slain youth (Photo: AP)
According to the IDF, a sniper in the Israeli army is given authorization to shoot only from an officer at the level of a battalion commander or above. In such a case, they are permitted to open fire on a "central instigator," aiming at his ankle or below his knee.
Full data on each sniper fire is recorded in real time via the rifle's telescopic sights lens.
Gaza border riot (Photo: EPA)
In total, four Palestinians were shot dead by IDF troops on Friday morning during skirmishes with Israeli security forces on the Gaza border, according to Palestinian sources.
The violence erupted following the renewal, for the fourth consecutive week, of the "March of Return" staged by the Palestinians in the coastal enclave in recent weeks, some 3,000 of whom have descended on the border.
(Photo: EPA)
The Gaza Health Ministry says 445 Palestinians have been wounded in protests on the Gaza-Israel border, including 96 who were wounded by Israeli army fire.
The officials say that of those injured Friday, 174 were transferred to hospitals and 271 treated in field clinics. Some of the injured were overcome by tear gas, hit with rubber-coated steel pellets or hit by shrapnel.
Israeli soldiers deployed along the border in a bid to prevent or react to the outbreak of violence, with officials warning that the military will act against instigators and riot ringleaders.
Ahead of the protests, the IDF dropped leaflets on Gaza on Friday morning, warning residents to refrain from approaching the border fence with Israel, and not to attempt to damage it or carry out terror attacks.
It is the first time that the IDF has dropped leaflets from the air on the Gaza Strip ahead of the mass demonstrations on the border warning against public disturbances.
"You are participating in violent disturbances. Hamas is using you to carry out terror attacks. The IDF is ready for any scenario," the leaflets read, which also contained pictures of objects and weapons and actions which the military has forbidden in the protests.
(Photo: Reuters)
"Avoid approaching the fence and damaging it. Avoid using a weapon to carry out violent acts against the Israeli security forces and Israeli civilians. Keep away from terrorists and from people who promote disturbances and violence," the leaflets instructed before warning that the army would not hesitate to respond.
"The IDF will act against any attempt to damage the barrier and its components and any other military equipment. Hamas is using you to promote its own interests of the movement. Do not obey Hamas's instruction that endanger your lives. There is another way. Your future is in your hands." it added.
(Photo: AP)
Palestinians, in response, attached notes with messages to Israel on kites they built and sent carrying incendiary materials at the border.
"You have no place in Palestine," the notes read. "Go back to where you came from. Al-Quds (Jerusalem)—the capital of Palestine.
See all talkbacks "UN Mid-East envoy chides IDF response at border protest"


text:
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django-critic settings.
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from django.conf import settings

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RATING_METHODS = getattr(settings, 'CRITIC_RATING_METHODS', [])

# True|False, to allow a user to change their rating.
ALLOW_CHANGE = getattr(settings, 'CRITIC_ALLOW_CHANGE', False)

# The default location of the render template.
DEFAULT_RENDER_TEMPLATE = getattr(settings,
    'CRITIC_DEFAULT_RENDER_TEMPLATE', 'critic/render.html')

# This is the name of the attribute that will be added to the models.
RATING_ATTR = getattr(settings, 'CRITIC_RATING_ATTRIBUTE', 'ratings')

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Designing Ideas
Works and Services
Road Bridges
Railway Bridges
Combined and Metro Bridges
Movable Bridges
Integrated Projects
The bridge across the Amur River in Khabarovsk City
The one track railway bridge across the Amur River in Khabarovsk City was built in 1916. The total length of the bridge was 2600.0m. The river bed part of a bridge is covered by steel through truss with 18x127.4m spans.
The objective of the project was to change the one track railway bridge into two track railway bridge with 4-lane carriageway at the upper level.
In 1990 the feasibility study of reconstruction project was established. The total length of the river crossing structure becomes13.6km.
Further, Transmost JSC has implemented the following detailed design:
Reconstruction of piers, widening of piers by using the ice cutting part for the new superstructure of the second railway track, strengthening the existing masonry and foundation.
Design of the continuous trusses of the river bed part of the bridge with the maximum length of 2x128.4m, which is designed for railway and road transport at two levels.
Design of 712m-long overpass on the left shore, consisted of twenty one 33m-long spans, made of reinforced concrete.
Design of 612m-long overpass on the right shore, consisted of nine 33m-long spans, continuous composite steel and concrete 2x34m-long span and continuous composite 68+84+74m span.
The construction process was held without stopping the traffic.
Type of works done: design of reconstruction of the bridge
Year of 1st stage completion: 1999 (opening of the railway traffic at the lower level and vehicular traffic at the upper level)
Year of 2nd stage completion: 2009 (replacement of existing arch spans of the first railway track into the new ones for railway traffic at the lower level with perspective assembling of carriageway at the upper chords of truss)
E-mail: info@transmost.spb.ru
Address: 190013, Russia, St. Petersburg, Podyezdnoy per., 1
2021 © AO Transmost (Transmost JSC)


Normally computers and water droplets make a devastating combo, but in this case, engineers have developed a computer that actually requires water droplets to operate. The engineers, led by Stanford's Manu Prakash, have been working on the project for almost a decade.
Prakash says the most immediate application of the technology could involve using it as a chemistry and biology lab, with each droplet carrying chemicals dictated by the computer.


Fashion design is an art dedicated to the creation of clothing and lifestyle accessories. Glamour and style are an integral part of fashion design, however, apparels should be practical and make sense to the person wearing it. To be a successful fashion designer, you must create trends, or keep in pace with the current trend in the industry.
JD Institute of Fashion Technology is one of the leading fashion design colleges in India offers some of the best fashion designing courses in the country. We believe it's vital that creativity and business ethics are the most important aspect of imparting knowledge of fashion designing. Our students are offered comprehensive training on fashion designing and marketing and our courses are designed to meet the current trends of the fashion world and prepare you to take on the fashion industry with confidence.
The fashion design courses' curriculum is designed to enable you to build a career in the fashion industry along with improving your skills and talents.
The framework of the courses is centred around the development and understanding of the important aspect of fashion design.
Each programme includes extensive study of culture, social and technology and how it can help improve the creativity and the business aspect of an individual.
Being one of the best fashion designing colleges in India, we strive to bring the best out of the student so that they can be successful in the industry.
Below is the list of fashion design courses offered by JD Institute designed to meet different requirements.
The course is designed for those looking to complete their graduation with fashion designing as the core subject. This course is available in our Bangalore campus which is affiliated to Bangalore University. From intense classroom sessions to practical experience, the B.Sc in Fashion and Apparel Design offers the opportunity to learn about the business of fashion design as well as gives you the freedom to design.
The course includes six semesters which is spread over three years. Each semester is designed to offer maximum exposure to students on current trends, the economy of the fashion industry as well as technical knowledge.
The 3-year comprehensive Undergraduate Diploma in Fashion and Apparel Design program enables students to understand the fundamentals of fashion, thereby guiding them to an exciting yet challenging field of fashion and apparel design. Apart from talent, training, developing an idea, design process to understanding the fabric and the final execution, the course helps students get complete knowledge of designing apparel and market them in the most effective manner.
The 3-year comprehensive Advance Diploma in Fashion and Apparel Design program enables students to understand the fundamentals of fashion, thereby guiding them to an exciting yet challenging field of fashion and apparel design. Apart from talent, training, developing an idea, design process to understanding the fabric and the final execution, the course helps students get complete knowledge of designing apparel and market them in the most effective manner.
The 2-year Post Graduate Diploma in Fashion Design and Management blends fashion and management together offering students the best of both aspects of business in the fashion industry.
This course is designed to prepare future fashion designers with a business model which is successful and profitable all the while being creative.
From production techniques, create an imposing brand name, this course includes apparel and textile structures and analysis, design and history, marketing and communications, business management, entrepreneurship and public policy on the fashion industry.
The Post Graduate Diploma in Fashion Communication is a 2-year course aimed to create a unique strategy and view for the product. The course helps you to learn and develop your skills in content and creative writing.
This fashion journalism course is prepared by JD Institute of Fashion Technology to enable students to communicate the product in the most effective method to customers or clients.
The course also includes a session on fashion photography to give students the understanding of placing pictures in a magazine. It also includes a session on IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) and fashion graphic design.
The 2-year Post Graduation Diploma in Fashion Design course is aimed at developing professionals from the fashion industry.
The course offers a comprehensive understanding of the fashion industry with a special focus on design sensibilities through extensive classroom training, creative workshops, visits and projects.
From the basics of graphic design, fashion psychology, textile studies, CAD, fashion marketing, commercial garment manufacturing, the course is designed to learn about different aspects of fashion design in a competitive world.
The Diploma in Fashion Design course is a 2-year course (1-year fast track advance diploma option available). Basically, this course is a fast track program which strives to polish your skills and trains you to step into the fashion industry with lots of confidence and knowledge.
The course is designed to emphasise on practical training and stresses on the detailed knowledge of fashion design, from concept to the end product.
The diploma course includes fabric analysis, productions with systematic technical approach, research, creativity and marketing. While the student is able to explore his/ her creativity in fashion design, they are taught to understand the market trend and align it with their creativity.
The 1-year Diploma in Fashion Business Management is designed to cover the aspects of problem-solving, strategic planning, leadership, decision making, organisational goals and competitive global market study. With the face paced industry of fashion design, it's important to understand the essentials of starting a new business.
The course offers an insight into the business of fashion and exposes students to organisational goals, design management, business applications and fundamentals.
If you're aspiring to become a Fashion Brand Manager or Design Manager, Merchandiser, Fashion Publicist, this 1-year course in Fashion Business Management is for you.
This short 6-month Diploma in Visual Merchandising course is aimed at imparting cutting-edge technology about the emerging field of Visual Merchandising. From identifying a potential customer and having the specific art of displaying merchandise, this course enables you to market your product to a potential customer. From rigorous training of understanding customer psychology, right display in retail stores, showrooms, windows, signboards, other promotional activities, this course is aimed at the visual appearance of the style statement.
The diploma course is designed for aspirants who are looking to start their business venture in fashion designing. JD Institute of Fashion Technology offers the Diploma in Fashion and Lifestyle Entrepreneurship enables students to understand the main aspects of business in apparel and fashion design. From understanding the requirement of the market and trends to finalising the product all the while looking to be relevant and profitable.
To enable students to learn about entrepreneur, enterprise or business related, business plan creation to entrepreneur/ mentor/ investor connects.
This course is a collaborative project between JD Institute of Fashion Technology, Bangalore and KEMI (Kautilya Entrepreneurship and Management Institute, Jain University, Bangalore.


text:
Yuke's splits from WWE 2K franchise
Japanese studio will continue to support the game engine, but isn't directly involved in WWE games for the first time in two decades
News by Brendan Sinclair Managing Editor
Published on Aug. 6, 2019
The Yuke's-2K tag team has broken up. Video Games Chronicle has received confirmation from both companies that they have ended their partnership on the WWE 2K franchise.
2K confirmed that Visual Concepts, which has worked on the franchise since WWE 2K14, will be taking over duties beginning with this year's WWE 2K20.
"As we've continued to invest in the WWE 2K franchise, we've seen the Visual Concepts team display incredible passion, talent and commitment to the future of the series. We thank Yuke's for their years of partnership and are excited to see what the Visual Concepts team brings to the franchise moving forward."
Yuke's separately confirmed the news, noting that it will "continue providing support to 2K with regard to the game engine."
Yuke's has been making WWE games since before it was the WWE. The company's first project with the wrestling promotion was the 2000 original PlayStation title WWF Smackdown! for THQ. When THQ collapsed in 2013, the rights to the series were picked up by 2K and it has been the WWE 2K franchise since. Put together, the Yuke's WWF/WWE games have topped 70 million sales worldwide.
Earlier this year, Yuke's senior vice president and producer Hiromi Furuta expressed frustration with the lack of competitors in the wrestling games market, and said the studio established an internal development team to work on a new wrestling IP with the express purpose of creating competition for the WWE 2K developers.
Yuke's
Brendan Sinclair
Brendan joined GamesIndustry.biz in 2012. Based in Toronto, Ontario, he was previously senior news editor at GameSpot in the US.


text:
A Medical Journey to Ancient Rome
Review of a book discussing the history, religion, science, and technology of ancient Rome.
By Dr. Migeul A. Faria
Adjunct Professor of Medical History (ret.)
Clinical Professor of Neurosurgery (ret.)
Mercer University School of Medicine
This is the third volume of the monumental A History of Medicine series by the medical historian and classical scholar Plinio Prioreschi M.D., PhD.[ 1 ] A limited number of these books were published, and the reader would be fortunate to find copies of the tomes for less than $350 U.S. dollars. We have already reviewed Volume I: Primitive and Ancient Medicine (2nd edition, 1995) and Volume II: Greek Medicine (2nd edition, 1996).[ 2 3 ] We found both of these tomes to be excellent journeys to the history of medicine (and indirectly medical ethics). This third volume continues the well-researched scholarly tradition as well as hypnotic eloquence of Dr. Plinio Prioreschi's narrative.
Once again, it is worth repeating that Dr. Prioreschi does not hesitate to deviate from orthodox or dogmatic views when new facts have come to light, when previous information has been neglected or misinterpreted, or when logical reasoning calls for a new interpretation of the facts. He does the same in this, the heftiest of the first three volumes – if one includes his Foreword, Introduction, and Index – at over 800 pages.
By 268 B.C., Rome was the eternal city, the caput mundi and mistress of the Mediterranean. By 167 B.C., Macedonia had been conquered and the Greek city states, at first freed, were finally vanquished because of their political mischief and internecine warfare. Nevertheless as Horace asserted, "Conquered Greece conquered the fierce victors," as Greek culture gained ascendency in the Roman world.
In the first three chapters of Roman Medicine, Prioreschi discusses the history, religion, science, and technology of ancient Rome. One of the cultural aspects of ancient Rome was widespread slavery ever augmented by captured war prisoners as Rome spread over the Mediterranean region. With such manpower, there was no need for scientific discoveries and technological advances. Another interesting finding and discussion is that male homosexuality in ancient Rome was less tolerated than in Greece. Once again it should be noted that, as in Greece, the Roman concept of homosexuality is different from the Anglo-Saxon and northern European. Pederasty was accepted but with young male slaves only. The active partner, the penetrator, was the macho, virile element; the passive partner was considered the submissive homosexual partner and shamed in the act. Homosexual relations, wrote Prioreschi, "between adults was considered and abomination (for the passive partner) and were also illegal in the Roman world." Most Romans, including the poets and philosophers, condemned the practice. The Roman physicians Soranus and Caelius Aurelianus considered male homosexuality a mental disorder.[ 4 ] Lesbianism was not discussed.
When Rome conquered Greece, Greek aesthetics and philosophy proved irresistible even though the Hellenic influence was perceived by most learned Romans as weakening traditional values. The Greeks themselves were considered vitiorum omnium genitores, "the originators of all vices." Romans like Cicero (106–43 B.C.), as well as Romanized Greeks such as Diodorus Siculus (1st century B.C.), Posidonius (135–51 B.C.), and Polybius (c. 200–118 B.C.) are quoted as supporting traditional religion because it bolstered the social morality that seemed to be dissolving by Greek aesthetic ideas and mores.[ 5 ] Nevertheless, all Greek philosophies entered Roman culture, but the most influential thinker was the stoic philosopher Posidonius (1st century B.C.), who taught at Rhodes and influenced the great orator Cicero. Their writings in turn influenced the later stoic philosophers Seneca (died A.D. 65) and Marcus Aurelius (r. A.D. 161–180).
In Chapter IV, "Medicine Before Galen," we learn Roman medicine is essentially Greek medicine as practiced in the Roman Empire.[ 6 ] Many of the Roman physicians were actually Greek slaves who became famous, wealthy, and free. Among the great names in Roman medicine and their schools of thought in this period include the physician Asclepiades (1st century B.C.), who probably performed the first tracheostomy and developed his own physiology based on the flow of fluids between solid particles of the body (atoms) through constricting and relaxing (strictum et laxum) "pores." This theory as well as the quest for a middle ground between the Dogmatist and the Empiricist schools resulted in the Methodist school of medical thought.[ 2 ] Other notable physicians of this period include the Methodist Soranus of Ephesus (1st to 2nd century A.D.), the greatest gynecologist of antiquity; Scribonius Largus (1st century A.D.), pharmacologist, medical ethicist, and physician to the Roman Emperor Claudius (r. A.D. 41–54); the great patrician physician Celsus (early 1st century A.D.); the Roman encyclopedists (and probably pater familiae physicians), Varro (116–27 B.C.), Vitruvius (1st century B.C.), and Pliny the Elder (A.D. 23–79); the botanist and pharmacologist Dioscorides (1st century A.D.); and the able and eclectic Rufus of Ephesus (1st to 2nd century A.D.), who revived the concept of perittoma of Aristotle and Hippocrates discussed in Volume II, Greek Medicine.[ 3 ]
Origen, Contra Celsum (1676 edition) / Wikimedia Commons
We should single out for praise the encyclopedist and polymath Celsus, who was a remarkable Roman aristocrat, a great anatomist, and the most knowledgeable and adept physician and surgeon until Galen. Celsus wrote the first major medical treatise in Latin and his description of surgical lithotomy was unsurpassed until modern times. He described succinctly the classical signs of inflammation: Rubor, tumor, calor, dolor (i.e., redness, swelling, heat and pain) that medical students are still taught today.[ 6 ]
Chapter V brings to the fore the greatest physician of antiquity after Hippocrates. Galen (A.D. 129–200) was born in Pergamon (or Pergamum), where he began as physician and surgeon to the gladiators and ended in Rome as physician and surgeon to Emperors Marcus Aurelius, Commodus, Pertinax and Septimius Severus. Prioreschi does not like Galen, the man; but he admired Galen, the physician, who he nevertheless affirms "is only second to Hippocrates in the medical hagiography of the Western world."[ 7 ]
In Chapter V, Prioreschi discusses Galenic medicine, which makes fascinating and obligatory reading for a medical historian: "Rome created the milieu for the Golden Age from the 1st century B.C. to the 1st century A.D., and in medicine the burst of ferment and creativity culminated with Galen," who continued medical theory and practice in the tradition of Hippocratic medicine. But Galen not only expanded the humoral theory, performed anatomical studies, experiments, but on this foundation he also erected an edifice of medical knowledge.[ 8 ]
Galen, although classified as a Dogmatist (traditional school of thought founded by the followers of Hippocrates), believed that both reason (logos) and experience (empeiria) were useful in the attainment of knowledge. Galen accepted the theories of Empedocles, Plato, and Aristotle in medical theory, but did not hesitate to criticize any of his illustrious predecessors when he believed they were incorrect. In fact, Galen, writes Prioreschi, was acrimonious and polemical, traits he may have inherited from his mother, "a Xanthippe" type of woman in the mold of Socrates' notoriously quarrelsome wife of that name. For Galen, only Hippocrates was infallible. Even Aristotle supposedly "made mistakes [in anatomy] because he was not an experienced dissector." Galen also rejected the atomic theory of Democritus and its outgrowth, Methodism, which attempted to oversimplify medical theory and practice. He also dismissed the atomistic paradigm of the Epicureans as false and erroneous. Galen wrote the first and most comprehensive manual of anatomy to have survived from antiquity, De anatomicis, a large body of knowledge based on the systematic dissection of barbary apes, oxen, and pigs.[ 8 ]
Galen discovered the sources of paraplegia, quadriplegia, and hemiplegia based on animal studies. Erasistratus' explanation that arteries contained air (pneuma) but only seem to bleed because of the phenomenon of horror vacui, Galen asserted was also incorrect. Arteries contained blood (and pneuma mixed with it) explained Galen. The ventricles of the heart contain blood that was ejected to the body. But Galen also made errors; although he proved that the ventricles contain blood, there was no interventricular mixing of blood via hidden foramina; and the rete mirabilis he described in lower animals did not exist in humans as he asserted.[ 8 ] Amazingly Galen also subscribed to the efficacy of theriac, a poison antidote made of dozens of ingredients, which was developed as a result of the interest of Attalus, king of Pergamon, with herbal poisons; and the efforts of Mithridates VI, king of Pontus (134–63 B.C.), in developing a universal antidote against assassination by poisoning. Theriac presented an enterprising apothecary with a challenge, not only to concoct but also procure vipers' flesh and other wild and esoteric ingredients. It is of interest that Celsus, as well as Pliny the Elder, had noted that snake venoms were not effective when taken orally and that viper flesh could be eaten safely.[ 6 ]
Galen's evaluation of ascites and other clinical conditions were unsurpassed until after the Renaissance. And the incredible diagnosis, anatomical explanation, clinical course, and prognosis of a fellow physician with mitral stenosis is an outstanding example of his clinical acumen.[ 9 ]
Eighteenth-century imagined portrait of Galen by Georg Paul Busch / Wikimedia Commons
The great physician from Pergamon was hampered in the discovery of the circulation of blood probably because he would not overstep Hippocrates' theory of "the irrigating fields and consumption of blood in the periphery," as discussed in our previous reviews of Volumes I and II of Prioreschi's A History of Medicine.[ 2 3 ] Galen came even closer to the discovery of the lesser pulmonary circulation, but he would not take the critical step. This impediment in the advancement of medicine because of previous erroneous assertions has been undeservedly termed the damnosa hereditas.[ 10 ] On the other hand, Galen wisely restrained the surgical predilection of the Hippocratic surgeons for cranial trephination as treatment for head injuries, and he condemned the widespread practice of dreckapotheke[ 2 3 ] as abominable, disgusting, and ineffective.[ 8 ]
The fact is that Galen's contribution to medical knowledge is impressive. Moreover, this contribution included anatomical studies (mostly in animals, as human dissection had fallen again out of favor since Herophilus and Erasistratus 400 years earlier) as well as advocating experimentation, testing, and observation. It was unfortunate his successors did not continue his work in the advancement of the scientific method via experimentation. Galen left 20 volumes of Galenic medicine (i.e., Claudii Galenic opera omnia) of which two-thirds are extant. With Galen's ministrations, medicine and surgery reached a zenith in the Roman world. Galenic medicine was deemed authoritative in both Christendom and the Islamic nations during the Middle Age, and remained so until the advent of the scientific revolution in anatomy instituted by Andreas Vesalius during the Renaissance.
Chapter VI discusses Roman medicine after Galen.[ 11 ] The main physicians during this period are Oribasius (A.D. c. 320–400), physician to the Emperors Julian the Apostate (r. A.D. 361–363) and Valens (A.D. c. 328–378); and Caelius Aurelianus (2nd century A.D.), who translated into Latin and paraphrased Soranus (c. 98–138). During this period, medicine and surgery rapidly regressed and deteriorated into the widespread use of dreckapotheke, ineffective herb potions, magic, and an obscurantism that coincided with the instability, uncertainty, and political and military decline of Rome. Prioreschi likens this period in which "the capacity of man to understand nature was rejected" and "the value of science questioned" to postmodernism,[ 12 ] which he discusses in the Introduction to this volume.[ 13 ]
Chapter VII discusses Roman military medicine and is an exciting chapter. From the time of Julius Caesar, the legions contained military doctors medici ordinarius legiones to promptly and effectively treat the wounded near the battle field in specially erected medical tents. Later fortified valetudinaria of the camps were constructed as infirmaries and military hospitals. Many Latin inscriptions and medical texts survive referring to these military medici and medical orderlies, capsarii, so named because they carried receptacles for bandages and medications, perhaps even surgical instruments. Both Celsus and Galen taught how to ligate vessels to stop hemorrhage as well as treat slashing and penetrating wounds, and military medici probably did so.[ 14 ] Penetration of viscera were usually fatal because of infection and internal hemorrhage. Advances in Roman preventive medicine and public health with the advent of institutionalized sanitation and hygienic practices prevented epidemic diseases in the camps.
Commanders expected their soldiers to maintain high standards of cleanliness, physical fitness; and the constructed valetudinarii were built as rectangular forts in the Roman military manner with sanitary facilities, potable water, sometimes even spas (thermae) and gymnasia (palaestrae). Latrines were flushed continuously with water and the excreta collected and used as fertilizer. Led by the state of sanitation in the military, Prioreschi estimates the cleanliness of the Roman population could not be matched in Europe until the 19th century.[ 15 ]
One can realistically surmise that the Roman state of health and the military tradition was consistent with Juvenal's shortened aphorism, quoted by Prioreschi mens sana in corpore sano – 0"Pray the gods for healthy minds in healthy bodies and for a stout heart that does not fear death."[ 16 ]
Chapter VIII, "Physicians, Education, Ethics, Hospital, and Public Health" as noted by the title deals sequentially and succinctly with those issues.[ 17 ] We have already sporadically made statements attesting to those subjects and relating the place Roman physicians occupied in the Roman world in aforementioned discussions.
Chapter IX is entitled "Contraception and Abortion in the Greco-Roman World," and in this section Prioreschi deals with the timely subjects in an engaging manner. A few facts are of interest: Plagues may have been a factor in the declivity of the empire; there were no hallucinogenic drugs in the ancient Greco-Roman world; Romans knew to boil water and the importance of cleanliness; most if not all abortifacients, as with the Greeks, were pharmacologically ineffective, although pessaries may have been effective as mechanical agents. It should also be noted disappointingly that there is no evidence poppy (opium) was used specifically and effectively as an analgesic or anesthetic. It was not used more frequently than other noneffective drugs for pain (suggesting nonspecificity) and the dosage and purity were too low to have an active principle (i.e., be effective as a pharmacological agent. In short, the benefits and efficacy of systemic abortifacients, analgesics, and the various herbs used systemically for a variety of conditions by the ancients (including the Roman physician) are exaggerated for their value or their purported efficacy. This error is due to "the mistaken general conception that the ancients possessed profound medical knowledge they did not really possess."[ 18 ]
Galen and Hippokrates from Anagni Italy / Photo by Nina Aldin Thune, Wikimedia Commons
In Chapter X we shift the subject to Talmudic medicine.[ 19 ] The Talmud is the Jewish oral law with rabbinical commentaries as opposed to Scripture. Biblical medicine, supernaturalistic religious medicine based on God as healer, was discussed in Volume I.[ 2 ]
The naturalistic paradigm came about after the religious confidence of the Hebrews was shattered by the military conquests of Alexander the Great and the establishment of Hellenism in the Holy Land, followed by the shattering military victories and suppressions of the Roman legions. The social and religious crisis culminated with the destruction of the Temple in A.D. 70 and the Jewish Diaspora that permitted the new naturalistic paradigm of Talmudic medicine to take deeper roots, as opposed to the strict practice of supernaturalistic Biblical medicine. The acceptance of physicians by the Jews in Talmudic medicine and for Christians with the New Testament as part of God's design also solved the dilemma of the supernaturalistic versus naturalistic approach to medicine and surgery for both Jews and Christians.[ 20 21 ]
Talmudic medicine is then naturalistic folk medicine, similar to Greco-Roman itinerant medical practices with an abundance of demonology, evil eye beliefs, astrology, magic, and dreckapotheke. The Semitic practice of circumcision, Prioreschi posited, was related to removing superfluous evil parts from the body; another school of thought is that it developed from hygienic practices, similar to kosher food consumption. Talmudic medicine approves the administration of wine with frankincense or myrrh to benumb the senses prior to surgery, and commands that C-sections be performed on all dead mothers.[ 19 ]
Chapter XI discusses Christianity, ancient science and medicine, and concludes by addressing the insoluble problems posed by the interface of Christian theology and medical philosophy. Religion faces a spiritual crisis when the supernaturalistic medical paradigm is perceived as unsatisfactory to explain a new world view following a political or military collapse, as happened with the fall of Rome in the 5th century A.D. and the advent of Christianity. Medicine after Galen, perhaps because of the influence of Christianity, devolved to philology and exegesis of medical texts replacing empirical research.[ 21 ]
The final section, General Conclusions, summarizes pharmacopeia, the efficacy of herbs and other drugs, and the ancient common practice of "plagiarism."[ 22 ] The pharmacopeia of Pliny, Theophrastus, and Dioscorides was copied and analyzed during this time. The doctrine of signatures of Hippocratic pharmacology was rediscovered; it was based on similia similibus curantur, "like cures like," so that the orchis plant, for example, cures lack of libido and genital problems. But there was also the opposite doctrine of contraria contrariis curantur, "opposites cure opposites," which referred not to appearances but to the qualities; for example, treat dry lesions with wet applications, and cold with hot.[ 23 ] Prioreschi then analyzes in more detail the use of drugs in ancient times and their alleged efficacy for specific conditions, assigning an Efficacy Quotient (EQ) for a particular drug, testing it for its uses as discussed in ancient medical accounts. He concludes that most of the therapeutic effect of drugs and healing was due to placebo effect and the tendency of the body to heal itself, vis medicatrix naturae. The use of poppy (opium) was found to be nonspecific and used in poly-pharmaceutical preparations, a random process, as was the case for other drugs. The ancient physicians then did not know the singular analgesic properties of poppy juice (opium), and the pharmacological effect of most drugs used by the ancients physicians was random and significant, healing taking place by autosuggestion and nature taking its course.[ 24 ]
Also in this chapter Prioreschi discusses the widespread ancient practice of copying other writers' works, not only in medical treatises but also in history and literature tracts, a practice that today we refer to as plagiarism. Prioreschi cites the Roman senator and historian Tacitus (A.D. 56–117) who had actually given us the answer. Tacitus explained, "We will follow the consensus of the authors, and when they disagree, we should record their versions under their names."[ 25 ] Prioreschi notes that ancient authors felt it was superfluous to cite all the writers who were already in accord with one another; and when they all agree, their opinions became the "truth" and the property of all – i.e., intellectual property in the public domain as we would say today. Ancient writers also quoted others when the cited knowledge was not their own, as when the encyclopedists collected information from various sources. Pliny listed his sources at the beginning of his work but made no specific citations in the narrative.[ 25 ]
At the risk of repeating myself: I once again categorically recommend this tome without reservations, as a worthy sequel to Prioreschi's second volume, Greek Medicine. This recommendation is made with high praise for its eloquence in relating periods of medical history that have been made prosaic by the pen of other writers. This third tome, A History of Medicine – Volume III: Roman Medicine by Dr. Plinio Prioreschi, belongs in every public library and in the book repertoire of every physician, medical historian, bioethicist, and student of medical ethics – all who are (or should be) interested in the history of medicine and medical ethics as it affects medical practice, as well as in the attainment of knowledge of medical history for its own sake.
Prioreschi P.editors. A History of Medicine. Roman Medicine. Omaha, Nebraska: Horatius Press; 1998. III:
See my review of this book in Surg Neurol Int 2015. In Press. Available from: http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com .
See my review of this book in Surg Neurol Int 2015. In Progress. Available from: http://www.surgicalneurologyint.com .
Prioreschi P.editors. A History of Medicine. Roman Medicine. Omaha, Nebraska: Horatius Press; 1998. III: 26-30
Prioreschi P.editors. A History of Medicine. Roman Medicine. Omaha, Nebraska: Horatius Press; 1998. III: 73-305
Prioreschi P.editors. A History of Medicine. Roman Medicine. Omaha, Nebraska: Horatius Press; 1998. III: 307-
Prioreschi P.editors. A History of Medicine. Roman Medicine. Omaha, Nebraska: Horatius Press; 1998. III: 307-497
Prioreschi P.editors. A History of Medicine. Roman Medicine. Omaha, Nebraska: Horatius Press; 1998. III: 488-91
Prioreschi P.editors. A History of Medicine. Roman Medicine. Omaha, Nebraska: Horatius Press; 1998. III: 482-7
Prioreschi P.editors. A History of Medicine. Roman Medicine. Omaha, Nebraska: Horatius Press; 1998. III: xx-xxxvi
Originally published by Surgical Neurology International, 06.15.2015, under the terms of a Creative Commons license.
Tags: Ancient History Medicine Roman Rome
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