text:
Војводина, званично Аутономна Покрајина Војводина — скраћено АПВ, је аутономна покрајина у саставу Републике Србије. Налази се на северу државе и обухвата површину од 21.506 -{km}-2 са 1.931.809 становника (попис 2011, 21,56% од укупног становништва Србије). Према прелиминарним подацима са последњег пописа 2022. године у Војводини је живело 1.749.356 становника

Покрајина се граничи на северу са Мађарском, на истоку са Румунијом, на западу са Хрватском и на југозападу са БиХ (Република Српска). Јужну границу већим делом чине реке Дунав и Сава. Највећи град у покрајини је Нови Сад који је уједно и административни центар Војводине. Остали већи градови (преко 50.000 становника) су Суботица, Зрењанин и Панчево.

Име
Име Војводина на српском језику означава територију којом управља војвода. У српском језику се користе још две варијанте имена Војводине, а то су: Војводовина и Војводство. У пољском језику се данас такође користи назив -{województwo}- као ознака за покрајину. Име Војводине потиче из 1848. године, када се простор данашње Војводине звао Српска Војводина (1848—1849) и Војводство Србија (1849—1860). Од 1945. године, у службеној је употреби назив Војводина.

Службени називи на осталим службеним језицима Војводине:

Иако се име Војводине у континуитету користи од 1848. године, назив има дубље историјско порекло, тако да је још 1690. и 1694. године Србима у Хабзбуршкој монархији било признато право на војводу и засебну територију (војводину), а још у 9. веку су на подручју данашње Војводине постојала војводства, којима су владале бугарске војводе.

Географија

Војводина се простире у Панонској низији и скоро целом својом површином (са изузетком северне Мачве) спада географски у средњу Европу, са површином од 21.500 -{km²}-, на којој живи нешто више од два милиона становника. Административно седиште покрајине је Нови Сад. Географски региони који чине Војводину су Банат, Бачка и Срем, као и мали северни део Мачве.

Рељеф Војводине је претежно равничарски, изузев Срема, којим доминира планина Фрушка гора, и југоистока Баната, са Вршачким планинама. Најнижа тачка Војводине је 75 -{m}-, a највиша 641 -{m}-.

Највећи хидрографски потенцијал чини река Дунав са својим притокама, као најважнија водена саобраћајница и стратешки саобраћајни правац у средњој Европи. Дунав кроз Србију протиче у дужини од 588 km, и то претежно кроз Војводину, а целом овом дужином је плован. Пловне су и његове притоке Тиса (168 -{km}-), Сава (206 -{km}-) и Бегеј (75 -{km}-), између којих је прокопана разграната мрежа канала за наводњавање, одводњавање и транспорт, канал Дунав—Тиса—Дунав, укупне дужине 939 -{km}-, од чега је 673 -{km}- пловно.

У географском смислу, појам Војводина може се односити и на делове Срема и Баната који припадају граду Београду (Панчевачки Рит, Земун, Нови Београд, Сурчин), а у историјском смислу овај појам се односио и на делове Срема, Бачке и Баната који данас припадају Хрватској, Мађарској и Румунији, а такође се односио и на подручје Барање.

Историја

Током историје, на територији данашње Војводине траг су оставили многи народи: Срби, Илири, Трачани, Келти, Римљани, Сармати, Готи, Хуни, Гепиди, Остроготи, Лангобарди, Византинци, Стари Словени, Авари, Франци, Бугари, Мађари, Османски Турци, Немци и други.

У време римске управе, подручје данашње Војводине било је у самом средишту светских дешавања, будући да је град Сирмијум (данашња Сремска Митровица) био један од четири главна града Римског царства, а у самом граду или његовој околини рођено је шест римских царева.

Словени (углавном преци данашњих Срба) се насељавају на територију данашње Војводине у шестом веку, заједно са Аварима (а у мањим групама вероватно и пре шестог века). За време аварске и бугарске управе, деловима данашње Војводине су управљали локални владари који су носили титуле војводе или жупана. Такви владари били су Кувер (7. век), Бута-ул (8. век), Салан са резиденцијом у граду Тителу и Глад (9. век), као и Ахтум и Сермон (11. век).

Између десетог и дванаестог века, на подручју данашње Војводине се устаљује угарска власт. Становништво средњовековне Угарске било је етнички мешовито и укључивало је Мађаре, Словене, Кумане, Сасе, Секеље, Јасе, Влахе, итд. Мађари су у почетку чинили владајући слој угарског друштва, док су кметови били углавном Словени.

Крајем 13. и почетком 14. века, доњим и горњим Сремом (данашња Мачва и данашњи Срем), владали су српски краљ Стефан Драгутин (између 1282. и 1316. године) и угарски великаш Угрин Чак (умро 1311. године), а обојица су били фактички независни владари.

Иако су Срби на територији Војводине били део староседелачког словенског становништва (посебно у Срему), већи број Срба почиње да се насељава на ово подручје почевши од четрнаестог века. Непосредно пред отоманско освајање ових простора, Срби су чинили знатан део становништва данашње Војводине. После пада Србије под Турке (1459. године), деспоти Србије су наставили да владају на територији данашње Војводине (углавном у Срему), тада под управом Угарске, као вазали угарских краљева. Резиденција српских деспота налазила се у граду Купинику (данашње Купиново) у Срему.

Убрзо после Мохачке битке (1526. године) и војног пораза који је Угарској нанело Османско царство, на историјску сцену излази самозвани српски цар, Јован Ненад. Уз помоћ војске првобитно састављене од српских плаћеника, Јован Ненад успоставља своју власт у Бачкој, северном Банату и делу Срема и ствара једну пролазну независну државу, чији је главни град била Суботица. На врхунцу моћи, Јован Ненад се у Суботици крунисао за српског цара. Ова српска држава била је кратког века. Угарски племићи су се удружили против Јована Ненада и поразили његову војску у лето 1527. године, а цар Јован Ненад је убијен. После пропасти цареве државе, Бачка и делови Баната којима је управљао долазе за кратко време поново под угарску управу, да би убрзо дошли под директну отоманску управу.

После убиства цара Јована Ненада, дотадашњи врховни командант његове армије, Радослав Челник, преместио се са делом бивше цареве војске из Бачке у Срем, којим је тада управљало Османско царство. Челник је за себе узео титулу сремског војводе и владао Сремом од 1527. до 1530. године као отомански вазал, а резиденција му се налазила у граду Сланкамену. Пошто је Челник раскинуо свој савез са Турцима и преместио се на хабсбуршку територију, Срем долази под директну отоманску управу после 1530. године.

Током отоманског освајања и успоставе отоманске власти мађарско и католичко словенско (шокачко) становништво се углавном иселило са ових простора. Током отоманске владавине, већи део становништва Војводине чинили су Срби, који су претежно живели у селима, док је градове настањивало етнички и верски мешовито становништво, које је укључивало Србе, муслимане (Турци, исламизовани Срби, Арапи), Роме, Грке, Цинцаре, Јевреје, итд. После обнове Пећке патријаршије 1557. године, које је издејствовао Мехмед паша Соколовић, православни Срби са подручја Војводине дошли су под њену јурисдикцију, а поглавар патријаршије имао је тада титулу "патријарха Срба, Бугара, поморских и северних страна". Срби у Банату су подигли велики устанак против турске власти 1594. године, а царевина им се осветила спаљивањем моштију Светог Саве – највеће српске реликвије, коју су поштовали чак и муслимани српског порекла.

После Карловачког (1699) и Пожаревачког мира (1718), целокупна територија данашње Војводине долази под аустријску (хабсбуршку) власт. Делови територије данашње Војводине укључени су тада у војну границу, а други делови су дошли под цивилну (жупанијску) власт. За разлику од територија под цивилном управом, војном границом управљало се директно из Беча. Из овог периода су познате и две велике сеобе Срба у Аустријску царевину (1690. и 1739. године), којима је појачана бројност српског становништва на подручју Војводине. Срби су тада признати за једну од нација Хабсбуршке монархије (Natio Rasciana) и признато им је право на једно посебно војводство, односно територијалну аутономију. Ово право је, међутим, остварено тек у револуцији од 1848. до 1849. године. Током аустријске владавине, на територију Војводине су се, поред Срба, населили и многи колонисти, највише Немци и Мађари, али такође и Словаци, Хрвати, Русини, Румуни и други.

После избијања мађарске револуције (15. марта 1848. године), делегација војвођанских Срба кренула је у Пожун, да новој мађарској влади достави захтеве Срба за равноправним положајем у Угарској. После неуспелих преговора, дошло је до немира у војвођанским градовима, којом приликом су Срби спалили матичне књиге вођене на мађарском језику. Што је мађарска влада била непопустљивија према умереним српским захтевима, то су ови захтеви постајали радикалнији. У првим српским захтевима не спомињу се ни војвода ни војводина ни аутономија, али ће то веома брзо постати главне тачке српских захтева. На Мајској скупштини у Сремским Карловцима (од 13. до 15. маја 1848. године), Срби су прогласили Српску Војводину, која се састојала од Срема, Баната, Бачке и Барање. За војводу је изабран Стеван Шупљикац, Карловачка митрополија је уздигнута на ранг патријаршије, а тадашњи митрополит, Јосиф Рајачић, проглашен је за српског патријарха. Изабран је народни одбор као привремена влада Српске Војводине. Одлуке Мајске скупштине потврђене су касније од стране аустријског двора. Мађарска влада је цео овај покрет српског народа прогласила бунтовничким и решила да га сломи војнички. Срби су пружили енергичан отпор и у данашњој Војводини је беснео прави рат. Непопустљивост мађарске владе искористило је српско вођство, на челу са патријархом Рајачићем. Кад је аустријски цар прогласио Мађаре за бунтовнике, српске трупе из Војводине укључиле су се у царску војску и учествовале су у гушењу револуције у Угарској.

После пораза мађарске револуције, одлуком аустријског цара, у новембру 1849. године, формирана је једна засебна аустријска покрајина названа Војводство Србија и Тамишки Банат (-{Wojwodschaft Serbien und Tamisch Banat}-), која се састојала од делова Баната, Бачке и Срема. Покрајином је управљао аустријски гувернер, чије се седиште налазило у Темишвару, а титула војводе је припадала аустријском цару. Службени језици Војводства Србије били су немачки и илирски (српски). Покрајина Војводство Србија и Тамишки Банат је укинута 1860. године а већи део њене територије (Банат и Бачка) је прикључен хабсбуршкој Угарској, са изузетком Срема који је прикључен Краљевини Славонији, која касније постаје део Краљевине Хрватске-Славоније у оквиру хабсбуршке Угарске.

После распада Аустроугарске монархије (29. октобра 1918. године), Велика народна скупштина Срба, Буњеваца и осталих Словена у Банату, Бачкој и Барањи је Новом Саду 25. новембра 1918. године прогласила отцепљење Баната, Бачке и Барање од Угарске и њихово присаједињење Краљевини Србији, што је касније озакоњено Видовданским уставом. Један дан пре тога (24. новембра 1918.), скупштина Срема, одржана у Руми, се такође изјаснила за прикључење Срема Србији. Делегацију представника Баната, Бачке и Барање примио је регент Александар у Београду 1. децембра 1918. године, када је проглашено стварање Краљевине Срба, Хрвата и Словенаца.

Поред одлуке о присаједињењу Краљевини Србији, Велика народна скупштина у Новом Саду је такође донела одлуку о формирању покрајинске владе (народне управе) и покрајинске скупштине (великог народног савета) за Банат, Бачку и Барању. За председника народне управе изабран је др Јован Лалошевић, а за председника великог народног савета др Славко Милетић. Народна управа за Банат, Бачку и Барању била је активна све до 11. марта 1919. године, када је одржала своју последњу седницу.

Краљевство Срба, Хрвата и Словенаца било је у почетку подељено на округе и жупаније, а затим на области. 1929. године формирана је покрајина Краљевине Југославије, названа Дунавска бановина, са седиштем у Новом Саду, која је обухватала Бачку, Барању, већи део Баната и Срема, као и део Шумадије и Браничева.

После краткотрајног Априлског рата и брзе капитулације Краљевине Југославије 1941. године, Војводина је окупирана од стране Сила Осовине и подељена на три окупационе зоне: Срем су Немци предали Независној Држави Хрватској, Бачку и Барању је анектирала Хортијева Мађарска, док је Банат потпао под власт домаћих Немаца, иако је формално припадао Недићевој Србији. Терор и физичко уништење недужног народа, привредна пљачка, општа обесправљеност, беда и очај карактерисали су четворогодишњу окупацију (1941—1944). У току фашистичке окупације у Војводини је око 50.000 људи убијено, а преко 280.000 је било интернирано, хапшено, злостављано и мучено.

Покрет отпора, који су комунисти покренули већ у лето 1941, недовољно припремљен и осмишљен према датим условима, претрпео је у Банату и Бачкој тежак пораз, док је у Срему, после солиднијих припрема, постепено прерастао у општенародни устанак. Искуства из Срема у организовању ослободилачке борбе пренесена су у лето 1944. у Банат, Бачку и Барању, тако да је пре доласка Црвене армије, октобра 1944, овде већ била устројена нова народна власт са ослободилачким институцијама.

Током Народноослободилачке борбе (1941-1945), на појединим привремено ослобођеним подручјима Војводине основани су органи народне власти, на челу са Главним народноослободилачким одбором Војводине (ГНООВ), који је установљен у новембру 1943. године. Након ослобођења највећег дела Војводине у јесен 1944. године, покренуто је питање о озваничењу статуса Војводине као аутономне покрајине, с обзиром на њене историјске, економске и културне посебности, као и постојање већег броја припадника националних мањина.

На пленарном заседању које је одржано 6. априла 1945. године у Новом Саду, чланови ГНООВ су донели једногласну одлуку: "Да Војводина има да буде у саставу федералне јединице Србије. Да Војводина у саставу федералне Србије има пуну аутономију као аутономна покрајина". Делегација ГНООВ је потом отпутовала у Београд, где је учествовала на заседању Антифашистичке скупштине народног ослобођења Србије (АСНОС). На седници која је одржана 7. априла 1945. године, представници ГНООВ су делегатима АСНОС-а саопштили одлуку о укључивању Војводине у састав Србије, на шта је АСНОС одговорио усвајањем резолуције којом је одлука ГНООВ поздрављена и прихваћена.

Скупштина изасланика народа Војводине, која је одржана 30. и 31. јула 1945. године у Новом Саду, потврдила је дотадашњи рад и одлуке ГНООВ. Скупштина је такође формализовала одлуку о уласку Војводине, као аутономне покрајине, у састав федералне јединице Србије. Статус аутономне покрајине у Србији, Војводина је задржала до данас, иако се степен аутономије мењао током времена. Највећи степен аутономије Војводина је имала између 1974. и 1990. године, када је, иако формално у саставу Србије, имала статус федералног субјекта Југославије са елементима државности.

Правни статус
Највиши правни акт Аутономне Покрајине Војводине је Статут (изнад којег је Устав Републике Србије), који је ступио на снагу 1. јануара 2010. године. Највиши покрајински орган је Скупштина, у коју се слободним изборима бира 120 посланика са територије АПВ и у којој су равноправни сви службени језици. Орган извршне власти је покрајинска Влада на чијем је челу председник владе.

АП Војводина је чланица Савета европских регија при Европском парламенту, као прва, а засада и једина, регија која је постала чланица, а да матична држава није у том тренутку била члан Европске уније или Савета Европе. Такође, саоснивач је и регионалног савета еурорегије ДКМТ (Дунав—Кереш—Мориш—Тиса), који окупља, осим саме Војводине, и неколико жупанија из Мађарске и Румуније, и чији је задатак међусобна сарадња у регионалном привредном, културном и еколошком развоју.

Територијална организација
Војводина се састоји од 39 општина и 8 градова, подељених у 7 округа. Седишта округа су у: Новом Саду, Суботици, Зрењанину, Панчеву, Сомбору, Кикинди и Сремској Митровици.

Саобраћајни значај
Кроз Војводину пролазе важне саобраћајнице, пре свега ауто-пут који иде од средње Европе и Хоргоша на граници према Мађарској, па преко Новог Сада до Београда, и даље на југоисток ка Нишу где се рачва у два правца: један правац води на исток ка граници са Бугарском; други на југ, према Скопљу и Солуну. Трећи крак ауто-пута се у Срему одваја на запад, према суседној Републици Хрватској и даље ка западној Европи. Око ауто-пута је развијена и мрежа локалних путева и железничких праваца.

На југу Војводине почиње моравско-вардарска долина, најважнија комуникација између севера и југа Балканског полуострва, која се управо код Београда укршта са дунавским правцем Исток—Запад, чинећи геостратешки чвор. То чини географскостратешки положај ове покрајине повољним и значајним за Србију.

Демографија

Етничке групе
Према последњем попису из 2011. године, Аутономна Покрајина Војводина има 1.931.809 становника, што чини 21,56% од укупног броја становника Републике Србије. Срби, којих у Војводини има 1.289.635 (или 66,76%), већинско су становништво ове северне српске покрајине. По бројности затим следе: Мађари (251.136 или 13,00%), Словаци (50.321 или 2,60%), Хрвати (47.033 или 2,43%), Роми (42.391 или 2,19%), Румуни (25.410 или 1,32%), Црногорци (22.141 или 1,15%), Буњевци (16.469 или 0,85%), Русини (13.928 или 0,72%), Југословени (12.176 или 0,63%), Македонци (10.392 или 0,54%), као и остале мање етничке скупине у које спадају Украјинци (0,22%), Муслимани (0,17%), Немци (0,17%), Албанци (0,12%), Словенци (0,09%), Бугари (0,08%) и други (укупно има више од 26 нација и националних или етничких група).

У већини општина и градова Војводине већинско становништво су Срби. Мађари чине већину становништва у пет општина на северу покрајине (Кањижа, Сента, Ада, Бачка Топола и Мали Иђош), Словаци чине већину становништва у општини Бачки Петровац, док су град Суботица и општине Бечеј, Чока, Бач и Ковачица етнички мешовите. У граду Суботици и у општинама Бечеј и Чока појединачно најбројнија етничка група су Мађари, у општини Бач Срби, а у општини Ковачица Словаци (Највећи број Војвођанских Словака живи управо у овој општини). Други бројнији народи Војводине (Русини, Румуни, Црногорци, Буњевци, Хрвати, Чеси) чине већину становништва у појединим насељима, док Роми чине већину становништва у појединим градским четвртима и формалним приградским насељима.

Религија

Према резултатима пописа становништва из 2011. године, од укупног броја становника Војводине већину (према верској припадности) чине хришћани: православци (70,25%), католици (17,43%) и протестанти (3,31%). Муслимани чине 0,74% становника покрајине.

Упоредни подаци о верској и етничкој припадности сведоче да у оквиру сваке етничке заједнице постоје специфичне религијске већине и мањине. Тако су Срби, Румуни, Црногорци, Роми и Македонци највећим делом православци, док су Мађари, Хрвати и Буњевци највећим делом католици. Украјинци су већим делом православци (57%), а мањим делом католици (36%), док су Русини већим делом католици (75%), а мањим делом православци (18%). Словаци су већим делом протестанти (82%), а мањим делом католици (6%). Бошњаци су највећим делом муслимани.

Међу војвођанским Русинима, Украјинцима и Румунима који припадају католичкој вероисповести, највећи део су гркокатолици.

Службени језици

У Војводини је службено шест језика уз употребу њихових писама: српски (ћирилично писмо уз могућност употребе латиничног), мађарски (латиница), словачки (латиница), хрватски (латиница), румунски (латиница) и русински (ћирилица). Извршно Веће АПВ је оснивач и издавач новина на службеним језицима и то: дневне новине Дневник на српском језику и Magyar Szó (Мађарска реч) на мађарском језику, а недељници су Hrvatska riječ (Хрватска реч — хрватски), Hlas Ľudu (Глас народа — словачки), Libertatea (Слобода — румунски) и Руске слово (Русинска реч — русински).

Састав становништва према матерњем језику, према попису из 2011. године, био је: српски језик (76,91%), мађарски језик (12,48%), словачки језик (2,47%), ромски језик (1,42%), румунски језик (1,25%), хрватски језик (0,75%), и други.

Већи градови

Школство
У Војводини је школски систем развијен и састоји се од мреже:
 предшколских установа;
 основних школа (539), у којима се настава држи и на језицима националних мањина;
 средњих школа (110), на којима је омогућена и настава на језицима националних мањина; и
 Новосадског Универзитета, са 13 факултета, на којима се настава обавља и на језицима националних мањина.

Наука и култура

У традиционалном културном и научном упоришту српског народа у Војводини најстарије установе су: Матица српска, основана 1826. године и Српско народно позориште, основано 1861. године, у коме се представе изводе и на језицима националних мањина. У Новом Саду се налази и огранак Српске академије наука и уметности, Војвођанска академија наука и уметности, као и два научна института. У тим институцијама и на факултетима ради око три хиљаде стручњака различитих усмерења. Прво фотографско удружење основано је 1901. године: Фото, кино и видео савез Војводине, и једно је од најактивнијих удружења бивше СФР Југославије.

Привреда
У Војводини је привреда заснована на великом богатству квалитетног обрадивог земљишта, које захвата 84% њене површине, и чија природна плодност је побољшана мрежом канала за наводњавање, тако да је од 1,78 милиона хектара обрадиве земље око 0,5 милиона дренирано. Око 70% приноса са ових поља отпада на житарице, 20% на индустријско биље, а 10% на остале културе. Део плодова се извози, али већина се прерађује у домаћој прехрамбеној индустрији, стационираној углавном у Војводини (погони за прераду меса, воћа и поврћа, уљаре, шећеране, млекаре, итд).

Неке од значајних компанија у Војводини су:
 Нафтна индустрија Србије
 Синтелон
 Србијагас
 ХИП Петрохемија (основана 1977)
 Апатинска пивара (основана 1756)
 АТП Војводина (основана 1945)
 Дневник холдинг
 Новосадски сајам
 Кондиторска индустрија Пионир (основана 1917)
 Фабрика шећера Зрењанин (основана 1911)
 Фабрика шећера Сента (основана 1961)
 -{MK Group}-
 Фабрика шећера Бачка (основана 1913)
 Радун инжењеринг Бачка Паланка (основана 1992)
 Нектар Бачка Паланка (основана 1998)
 Дунавпревоз Бачка Паланка (основана 1951)
 АД Бачка — Бачка Паланка (основана 1968)
 -{Hellenic Sugar}-
 Фабрика шећера Црвенка (основана 1911)
 Фабрика шећера Шајкашка (основана 1976)
 ПИК БЕЧЕЈ Пољопривреда АД
 Хемофарм ШТАДА Вршац (основана 1960)
 -{SwissLion}- — Таково Вршац

Постоји и снажна базична индустрија, која производи машине за обраду метала, електричне уређаје и каблове, грађевинске материјале, нафтне деривате, хемијске производе, електромоторе, рото папир. Развијена је и индустрија производа високог нивоа обраде, попут зубарске опреме, возила, фармацеутских производа, порцелана и другог.

Део прихода војвођанске привреде долази и од туризма, који је нарочито развијен на рекама и језерима, термалним изворима и на Фрушкој гори на којој се налазе бројни православни манастири српско-барокног стила, углавном подигнути између 15. и 17. века.

Политика

Види још: Покрајински избори 2004. и Покрајински избори 2008.

На покрајинским изборима из 2008. године, од 120 посланичких места у скупштини АП Војводине, натполовичну већину (64 посланичка места) добила је коалиција За европску Војводину. Српска радикална странка освојила је 25 мандата, Мађарска коалиција 9, Заједно за Војводину 6, Демократска странка Србије — Нова Србија 6, Социјалистичка партија Србије – Партија уједињених пензионера Србије 5, док су различите групе грађана освојиле 5 мандата.

Туризам

Као туристичка дестинација, Војводина је позната по лову и риболову, бројним фестивалима хране, етно фестивалима, музичким фестивалима, као и богатим архитектонским и културним наслеђем, које укључује бројне православне манастире, дворце, тврђаве, као и остатке античке Римске цивилизације од којих су најзначајнији остаци римског Сирмијума.

Галерија

Види још
 Бачка
 Банат
 Срем
 Барања
 Мачва
 Србија
 Косово и Метохија

Референце

Литература

Спољашње везе

 Званична презентација Владе АП Војводине
 Званична презентација Скупштине АП Војводине
 Покрајински секретаријат за регионалну и међународну сарадњу
 Фонд "Европски послови" Аутономне Покрајине Војводине
 Привредна комора Војводине
 Званична презентација туристичке организације Војводине
 Војводина шуме
 Ловачки савез Војводине — туризам
 Национални парк Фрушка гора
 Воде Војводине
 Архив Војводине
 Покрајински секретаријат за културу Војводине
 Војвођанска академија наука
 Матица српска
 Радио Телевизија Војводине
 Музеј Војводине
 Музеј савремене уметности Војводине
 Град Нови Сад
 Дневник
 Војвођански информативно — забавни портал
 Дворци и летњиковци Војводине
 Црвени крст Војводине
 Документарни филм "Присаједињење 1918 - 2018"

Административна подела Србије
Статистички региони Србије
Панонска низија


Packaging: According to the different characteristics of the product and material.We according to guest request and strongly packed by carton with bubble bag or transparent plastic bag .
Shipping: by sea, by air, or internation express.
Don't worry about Our Quality !
Our factory was set up at the beginning of the 1980s.we have more than 30 years experience of caster wheel manufacturing and processing,For the management,Our casters are strictly manufactured in accordance with the standardization process.we are complied with ISO9001:2008 ,professional QC group follow the whole process from material buying to bulk shipping,Every caster we make will pass the strict tests.By years of development.Our products are widely acclaimed both in the domestic and overseas markets,especially selling well in Europe,America,Middle East and Southeast Asia.
Fast Delivery (3-20days, depend on your quantity and requirements ),promptly delivery. small order is welcome.
A:Our factory is located in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China, near Shanghai.You can fly to Taizhou airport directly.
Q3:What is the material of your products?
A: The material is nylon,pu ,pvc and so on.
A: We are glad to offer you a sample, but the sample cost and freight cost will be at your side.
Q5:How does your factory do regarding quality control?
A:Quality is priority. Jiangqingpeople always attach great importance to quality controlling from the very beginning to the very end.
Q6:Can I add my logo on the product?
A:Yes,OEM and ODM both are available for us.
Q7: How can I place order?
Q8: How can I pay you?
Q9: What's the order procedure?
Secondly we issue you an PI for your confirmation. You will be requested to do full payment or deposit before we go into production. After we get the deposit, we start to process the order. We usually need 7-15days if we don't have the items in stock. Before production has been finished, we will contact you for shipment details, and the balance payment.
Thirdly after payment has been settled, we start to prepare the shipment for you.
Q10:How do you take care when your clients received defective products?
Q11:How do you check all the goods in the production line?
Jiangqing, one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of various wheels in China, now brings you discount and low price 55mm screw black pu double brake sewing machine industrial caster wheel which comes in a variety of colors, designs and sizes. With consummate crafts and advanced equipment, we can offer you products customized service, welcome to contact our factory to buy our products in stock.


text:
To subscribe to our weekly Faith and Family Findings: click here.
government dependency
Pat Fagan
Government Dependency and the Family
elections, family, government dependency No comments
Newly elected Republican leadership in the House and Senate is sure to usher in a wave of policy proposals, reforms, and disputes. A predictably significant debate already underway is the extent to which policy will encourage self-sufficiency rather than reliance upon government.
Between 2008 and 2011, household participation in government benefit programs rose from 45.3 percent to 49.2 percent. However, the majority of Americans favor independence to reliance on the commons (i.e. government re-distribution). Of those polled, 74 percent believe that Americans are too dependent on government (87 percent of Republicans and 58 percent of Democrats expressed this view).
Encouragingly, there is a natural, efficient, and generally bipartisan remedy that will decrease government reliance and encourage self-sufficiency: the intact, married family. In 2011, federal and state governments spent over $450 billion on means-tested welfare for low-income families with children. Roughly three-quarters of this welfare assistance, or $330 billion, went to single-parent families. Notably, three-fourths of all women applying for welfare benefits do so because of a disruption of marriage.
For most measures of government dependency, family intactness is the leading influence (or shares the position of leading influence with the fraction of adult high school graduates). For instance, more adults in their first marriage (47 percent) have private health insurance than those who have been always single (23 percent), cohabit (6 percent), have divorced (10 percent), or have re-married (13 percent).
The influence of family intactness on independence is readily apparent in the breakdown of welfare recipients by family structure. Family intactness in a geographic area has the largest influence on average welfare transfers in that geographic area. This is not surprising because Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) primarily supports low-income women and their children. Only 16 percent of adult women who receive TANF or welfare are in their first marriage.
The fraction of intact families in a geographic area also has the largest influence on average Supplemental Security Income (SSI) transfers to men aged 25 to 54 (with controls applied for demographics, education, and earnings). Most men who receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) have always been single (52 percent) or are divorced (17 percent).
Social science shows that intact families are more self-reliant and therefore have more options to direct their own lives; however, non-intact families are at the mercy of the government..
If the new majority will take the longer term view they will talk up the for parents, pastors and teachers to work to restore marriage in the nation for there is little that Congress can do to rebuild marriage (though there is a lot it can do (and has done) to damage marriage. The rebuilding will be done mainly by other institutions, but encouragement by leaders will be very helpful.
Search by Publication Type
Marriage and Religion Research Institute (MARRI)
marri.research@gmail.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
HomepoliticsOhio House Speaker arrested for $ 60m bribery scheme
Ohio House Speaker arrested for $ 60m bribery scheme
HailNewsUp.com July 22, 2020
Federal authorities arrested the Republican speaker of the Ohio House on Tuesday on charges related to a $ 60 million bribery scheme.
Larry House Holder and four other political activists were charged with blackmail in what US attorney David Devellers described as "possibly the largest ever money-laundering scheme ever carried out against the people of Ohio."
"Make no mistake, these allegations are bribery, pure and simple," Devils told a news conference. "This was a payment game. I use the term pay-to-play because this is the term they allegedly used in the affidavit."
A criminal complaint filed on Thursday that was not concealed on Tuesday specifically alleges that the homeowner and four others have coordinated a process to accept more than $ 60 million from "Company A" in exchange for a public bailout of the company worth more than $ 1 billion.
While the complaint does not bear the name "Company A", plaintiffs point out at many points that the company is FirstEnergy Corp - including quotes from news articles referring to the company by name.
The company told CNN in a statement Tuesday that they had "received subpoenas" regarding the investigation.
"We review the details of the investigation and intend to cooperate fully."


On this great occasion, I would like to share about interior door colors. Here these some photographs for your awesome insight, select one or more of these beautiful photos. We hope you can make similar like them. Perhaps the following data that we have add as well you need. Interactive flat interior hong kong, Really exciting have opportunity realizing such sort experimental project into real interior color scorch surface giving better finishes further expanlation interactive sliding door please.
We got information from each image that we get, including set of size and resolution. If you like these picture, you must click the picture to see the large or full size image. If you think this collection is useful to you, or maybe your friends you must click like/share button, so more people can saw this too. Here there are, you can see one of our interior door colors gallery, there are many picture that you can found, do not miss them.
This can function a information throughout the development of the storage shed. The world of storage shed mainly differs on the space out there at the surface lot of the home. If the house space is already determined, then one can proceed already within the storage shed plan. Storage shed is deemed by many as an important space in the household the place unused house stuffs are normally placed and saved. The designs, nevertheless, will not be usually that intricate as long as the shed is sturdy and enough to accommodate the stuffs that need to be stored. Materials used for the out of doors shed must be sturdy enough to withstand any pure calamity akin to hurricanes, floods and earthquakes. It ought to also be included within the plan what sort of supplies will be utilized in constructing the shed - is it all all through cement? Measure first the available lot within the yard where the shed will probably be located. The inside should also be easy so that there will probably be much room for moving.
There are some people who need the straightforward boxed-sort storage shed design, while others go for a bit bit of design. The online has lots to supply the individual who needs to construct a brand new residence, so by all means, surf it for nuggets of information! The shed plans also will depend on the model that the proprietor wants it to be. If the house is restricted, one can go for a two-storey storage shed; if there's ample space, one can have it in one clear one-storey boxed sort outdoor shed. There are also many glorious house plans available to be used as is. There are lots of publishers of house plans which have their own web sites that can allow you to with the technique of finding what you are on the lookout for. For the homeowner, or someone trying into extensive remodeling, utilizing a stand alone CAD house design software program is a good concept.
Have someone who really knows about carpentry and designing sheds. If you happen to determine to return in time, you should have to find residence builders and a staff of architects or designers who're in sync with that form of labor. If one cannot construct the storage shed by himself/herself, make certain to seek out workers who're knowledgeable to do it. You can see lots of, even 1000's of stock plans in catalogs. They go to a building plans writer and buy stock plans. Look at historic Victorian plans or historic bungalow plans. If you happen to prefer the latter, take a look at authentic plans from previous days. Do you like the trendy look of right this moment's dwellings or do you could have a penchant for older, more traditional types of houses? A DIY project resembling remodeling can grow to be quite involved in a short time, and one thing like the home Designer Suite 10 will make life a lot simpler.
CAD design software has made issues like drafting boards a relic of the past, possibly kept around the workplace for the odd job, or perhaps only for previous occasions sake. Some folks resolve that it is of their greatest interests to rent an architect who will create a personalized housing design for them. You could also be a do-it yourselfer who prefers to rely by yourself skills and assets as opposed to those of different folks. While older drawings from a bygone period will not be as detailed as those from our fashionable world for design and construction functions, they're a wonderful place to begin for recreating designs which are historic in nature. If you already know the model and dimension that you want, key west style house plans go browsing that will help you zero in on what you might be seeking. Browsing by means of catalogs might help to get the inventive juices flowing on your venture. If you come across a home that appeals to you, you can order the drawings for the construction.
Below are 5 top images from 17 best pictures collection of interior door colors photo in high resolution. Click the image for larger image size and more details.


Don't Stop Me Now Dress – 400 Co.
If you wanna have a good time, just give me a call."
400 Co's Queen Collection is all about embracing your inner rock star. Channeling the power of rock 'n' roll band Queen and their creative talents in pushing their music to the extreme, we bring you our Don't Stop Me Now Dress.
It's about defying the laws of the office with its bold colour and oh so comfy stretch threads. It might look chic but it's also the most comfortable dress getting around, ladies!


text:
Lindsey Ferrentino
How Our Nation's Unending Gun Violence Propelled Lindsey Ferrentino's New Play
Interview with Playwright Lindsey Ferrentino on 'This Flat Earth'
Lindsey Ferrentino is one of the busiest playwrights in New York. She currently has not one but two plays running in the city – This Flat Earth at Playwrights Horizons and Amy and the Orphans at Roundabout Theatre. Both couldn't be more different. I caught the Edward Albee Playwriting Fellowship winner between rehearsals to ask her questions about This Flat Earth and its resonance in America, right now.
When did you become interested theatre and in writing plays?
I think I've always written plays, short stories, going back to when I was a kid. My dad is comic magician and I grew up in the back of comedy clubs and theatres watching him perform and I got really interested in audience's relationship with the performances. The performances would change every night depending on the audiences and the audience would change every night depending on the performances and seeing that relationship play out. I think that's what hooked me. I went to school for acting and saw a short play of mine produced when I was about to graduate high school and that was the 'aha' moment that I wanted to be a writer.
What was the first impulse or the origin of This Flat Earth?
I started writing this play about three years ago when I came across this journal of mine when I was a middle school student and the journal was from 2001. The entry was from September 10, 2001 and we were supposed to list the things we were most grateful for. One of the things I listed was that I was grateful that I didn't grow up in a time of war and then of course, the next day, September 11th happened. I never said it out loud, but I as a young person, superstitiously believed that I jinxed this into motion. It's probably not something I believed on an actual, logical level, but, you know, at a deep, superstitious, not really understanding the big event that just occurred level. I was trying to put some sort of meaning onto what felt like chaos. That journal entry triggered the memory of a bad time and how confusing that was. My friends and I were sort of aware of these national events, but weren't really processing them. The play grew from there into a coming of age story amidst a national event and what does that mean – how do you find your role inside of these big national narratives?
So the journal entry was the genesis of what is so fascinating in the play, which is telling this story from the children's point of view and how they are able and not able to grapple with these big questions--
And I was certainly thinking about Sandy Hook, but I started writing the play a few years after Sandy Hook, so I felt like at least we weren't living the immediacy of the event anymore, so I could look at it with some sort of critical distance. Of course, I didn't realize then that this would just keep happening and keep happening and keep happening throughout the development of the play. I felt like the stories surrounding events like Sandy Hook were always about the victims and the victims' families and I was thinking about the story of the kid who was at the school but wasn't affected in the same way. News headlines would call this kid a 'survivor' even though this kid would never call himself or herself that. How would someone process the event if he or she were in the proximity of the event but were not close enough to experience the same emotional devastation of losing a loved one.
How has the development process been? What has surprised you or challenged you the most?
Doing the play at Playwrights Horizons was the first time I was able to hear young people in the play. I'd heard a few readings and they were always cast with people in their 20s playing 12 year olds, which is just not the same. It doesn't have the same simplicity and you don't believe it in the same way as when you actually have young people playing young people. So much of the play is about youth and the juxtaposition to older generations so without that difference, I felt like I couldn't quite hear the play until I got to Playwrights Horizons. In the rehearsal process, we came in on day one, and we were talking about Sandy Hook and on day three of rehearsal is when the shooting in Florida happened and I think that changed the play for us in a much more immediate way and I had to look at the play in a different light because of how the aftermath of that played out. There was also another shooting on the third night of our preview, which made the play more pressing for us and also more complicated. Now I don't have that critical distance from the event that I thought I would have when I started writing it.
How has working with Rebecca Taichman been?
She's wonderfully collaborative. I think she has a great understanding of the poetry and reality of every moment and finding both. I think that's a very rare gift.
How was the casting process, especially for the two children?
The casting department at Playwrights Horizons is just incredible because they left no stone unturned. Rebecca and I were very clear from the beginning that we wanted appropriately aged actors that didn't feel polished and trained. They didn't feel like they'd done a million productions. We really wanted the to look and feel like real kids. That's a very difficult balance to find. It really is all credit to Playwrights Horizons. They went the extra mile to find kids that didn't necessarily have the longest resumes but felt emotionally right for the role.
Did you have conversations with the cast of the play about the current political climate and how the play is talking back to a world in which kids are taking action and organizing?
I think you think about that when you're writing it and you think about at the beginning of rehearsals. You do your research and you make sure you know as much about the subject as you can. At some point, you have to put the research aside and stick to the characters and what they want. You build the world of the play and you make the play yours. I think it's about finding the balance of wanting to stay true to the topicality of it but also not wanting to feel the play feel laden with the pressures of what that is, so that the play can have a life of its own.
The use of music in the play was very interesting. What was the impulse behind that?
I always imagined the world of the play set in this apartment from a girl's point of view who is looking for understanding and meaning post this trauma and event. I always had the idea of music coming from above, which could feel like something people didn't understand but also could understand. The question of 'why is it coming now' is where I began and then worked from there, thinking about what the instrument could be. The cello just felt emotionally large enough to address this material. It always felt emotionally right. It didn't need to work logically.
You currently have two plays running in New York! How has that been?
It's been very tiring but also very thrilling. The plays couldn't tonally be more different. I think there's certainly similarities. I'm interested in writing about families and female narratives, subjects you don't normally see on stage. This Flat Earth is a much more quiet and delicate play and Amy and the Orphans is much bigger, brighter and louder.
Event Info:
Now – Apr 29th, 2018
Connected Post:
Review of 'This Flat Earth'
By Bill Crouch
A great play is like a great voyage: terrifying in its vastness, simultaneously bewildering and thrilling. Such is the journey of Lindsey Ferrentino's This Flat Earth at Playwrights Horizons, under the commanding and assured helm of director Rebecca Taichman. That there is a most exquisite and singular reveal near the end of this play, a heartrending coming of age story surrounding a middle school shooting, is one of Taichman's trademarks and, like her Tony-winning Broadway debut with the miraculous play Indecent, the results here are thrilling. I am a writer who loves to stand in awe of my fellow creatives, who have challenged us to see the world we've made anew. In our current zeitgeist, there are teams of creatives like Taichman and Ferrentino, who work from the heart and the mind simultaneously to cause you to reexamine your complacency and call forth your better angels. With This Flat Earth they've hit the mark precisely. The plot revolves around Julie, a middle school girl (played with adolescent angst and white hot rage by Ella Kennedy Davis) who, with her buddy Zander (played with chivalrous charm by Ian Saint-Germain), has survived a school shooting. Their former classmate …Read more
Share this post to Social Media
Written by: Arpita Mukherjee
Arpita Mukherjee is the Artistic Director of Congressional Award winning Hypokrit Theatre Company. Upcoming: Monsoon Wedding (Book Writer); Eh Dah? Questions for My Father (Director); Tamasha: A Festival for South Asian Performing Arts (Festival Chair) Recent: Monsoon Wedding the Musical - Berkeley Rep (Original Dramaturg, Associate Director), Queen – A Reading – Ma-Yi Theater Company (Director), Appeasing Radhika - Baruch College (Director), An Evening of Indian Classics at Theater for the New City (Director), Eh Dah? Questions for My Father – winner of Best Book - NYMF (Creative Producer), How to Succeed as an Ethnically Ambiguous Actor - PCTF (Writer, Director), Romeo and Juliet - the Access Theater (Director), My First Time – DC premiere (Director), How to Succeed as an Ethnically Ambiguous Actor – Castillo Theatre (Co-Writer/Creative Producer), Monsoon Wedding Concert in New York and India (Associate Director). Awards/Nominations: Best Book at NYMF, Nominated for Best Director - PCTF, Congressional Certificate - Hypokrit Theatre Company
More articles by this author:
Review of 'Speed Queen'
Review of 'Dinner with Georgette'
Review: Joshua Harmon's Controversial 'Admissions' Misses the Mark
See more from this author
Other Interesting Posts
5 Reasons Drunk Shakespeare Needs to be Added to Y...
An Interview with Ellen Maddow and Ikechukwu Ufoma...
Interview with Karin Coonrod of 'BabetteR...


This ring is set with a one-carat vibrant green marquise-cut tourmaline. A pear shape diamond on each shoulder highlights the centre gemstone.
If you would like a similar bespoke engagement ring made with the marquise gemstone of your choice, please contact us.


U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor will be featured at the Supreme Court Fellows Annual Lecture on Feb. 14 at the Library of Congress. Photo credit: The Collection of the Supreme Court of the United States.
The Law Library of Congress and the Supreme Court Fellows Program will present a conversation with U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor on Thursday, Feb. 14 at 3:30 p.m. in the Library of Congress Coolidge Auditorium in the Thomas Jefferson Building, 10 First Street S.E., Washington, D.C.
The conversation will be moderated by the Honorable Robert A. Katzmann, chief judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and chair of the Supreme Court Fellows Commission, and Eloise Pasachoff, professor of law at the Georgetown University Law Center and member of the Academic Advisory Board of the Supreme Court Fellows Program. Law Librarian of Congress Jane Sánchez and Counselor to the Chief Justice Jeffrey P. Minear, who is also executive director of the Supreme Court Fellows Program, will introduce the program.
The event is free and open to the public. Tickets are required and are available through this event ticketing site: eventbrite.com/e/a-conversation-with-the-honorable-sonia-sotomayor-tickets-53597457438. The event also will be live-streamed on the Library's YouTube site at youtube.com/LibraryOfCongress.
Born in the Bronx, N.Y., Sotomayor was nominated to the Supreme Court by President Barack Obama and assumed the role Aug. 8, 2009. Previously, she served as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, and President George H.W. Bush nominated her to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. Sotomayor graduated from Princeton University and earned a J.D. from Yale Law School.
In 2018, Sotomayor launched her first children's book and a young readers' adaptation of her memoir, "My Beloved World," at the Library of Congress National Book Festival.
The conversation will be held by the Supreme Court Fellows Program and is co-sponsored by the Law Library of Congress.
Copies of Sotomayor's books, "My Beloved World," "The Beloved World of Sonia Sotomayor" and "Turning Pages: My Life Story," will be available for purchase prior to the event.
The Supreme Court Fellows Program, founded in 1973, offers mid-career professionals, recent law school graduates and doctoral degree holders from the law and political science fields an opportunity to broaden their understanding of the judicial system through exposure to federal court administration.
The Law Library of Congress was founded in 1832 with the mission to make its resources available to members of Congress, the Supreme Court, other branches of the U.S. government and the global legal community, and to sustain and preserve a universal collection of law for future generations. With more than 2.9 million volumes, the Law Library contains the world's largest and most comprehensive collection of law books and other resources from all countries and provides online databases and guides to legal information worldwide through its website at law.gov.


UC San Diego faculty have participated in international humanitarian medical trips to Cambodia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador (Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Children's Hospital), Kenya, Mexico, the Philippines. Through PAGES (Philippine American Group of Educators and Surgeons), and Vietnam. Residents are welcome on any of these trips, which involve educating local health care providers and directly caring for children and adults requiring primarily oromaxillofacial reconstructive, cardiac or orthopedic surgery. These are busy and extremely rewarding medical experiences that provide life-changing medical care and education in underserved areas of these countries. Pediatric anesthesia faculty have also participated in humanitarian care within the United States through Samaritan's Purse and Fresh Start locally in San Diego.
For over two decades, many UC San Diego residents and attendings have enjoyed the opportunity to work with Interface, a volunteer group based in San Diego and that offers reconstructive surgery to children in Mexico. Surgeries include cleft lip and palate repair, correction of hand deformities, burn reconstruction, and other congenital and acquired deformities. Trips often involve weekend dates to various Mexican cities, including Mexicali, which is a short drive southeast from San Diego. These opportunities are offered several times a year.
Since 2006, a team including anesthesiologists, cardiologists and pediatric cardiac surgeons from UC San Diego, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, and the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin have been traveling to Cambodia to perform patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligations at the Angkor Hospital for Children. During this and subsequent trips, the Cambodian surgical team has been trained by our team to perform PDA ligations themselves and we are now providing more complex cardiac surgery at this site including utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass and palliative surgeries for children with tetralogy of Fallot. These trips are supported by Children's Lifeline International and Hearts Without Boundaries.
UC San Diego first became involved with teaching at the Hospital for Traumatology and Orthopedics in Ho Chi Minh City when one of our CA-3 residents was awarded a funded fellowship via Health Volunteers Overseas. We are continuing our relationship with this hospital again this year with two CA-3 residents spending a month in Vietnam teaching and working. As with all other sites, UCSD faculty accompany residents to the Hospital for Traumatology and Orthopedics to assist with teaching and supervision.


Do you have what it takes to be a Marvel S.T.A.T.I.O.N agent? Last weekend we took our very excited little boy to London Excel, where Marvel have unveiled their latest interactive exhibition.
After a brief video introduction and a security scan from Maria Hill, we were invited to enter the S.T.A.T.I.O.N, an advanced training facility for S.H.I.E.L.D's ace team of agents. Zachary was rather overwhelmed when we first entered and he found himself face to face with the Hulkbuster! So when he got to don Iron Man's Hulkbuster armour in a very cool and active VR experience he was super excited. As we moved through the rooms he enjoyed the great activities on offer, including various touchscreen games.
Highlights for the family also included the massive moving image of Hulk and Captain America's motorbike from the opening scene of Avengers: Age of Ultron which you could hop on and pretend to ride. The real draw for Marvel Cinematic Universe fans will no doubt be the various props, costumes and sets from the movies themselves, all of which are scattered around the venue. Particular highlights include the various Iron Man suits (including the iconic Mark I armour from 2008's Iron Man), Black Panther's helmet, Hawkeye's bow and arrows, and various costumes that cover most of the major players from the Avengers team.
Once you have made your way through each room there is a final game to play to complete your training. Each person becomes their favourite superhero, all interactively fighting together. This is a real treat for any Marvel fan and is a thrill from start to finish. With plenty of fun interactive exhibits for kids and an array of interesting items from the film's themselves on display for fans to enjoy, all tastes are certainly catered for.


text:
module.exports = {
  normalizeEntityName: function() {},

  afterInstall: function() {
    var that = this;

    return this.addBowerPackageToProject('pikaday-time').then(function() {
        return that.addBowerPackageToProject('moment');
    });
  }
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
I Followed a Sleep Expert's Tips, and My Constant Yawning Has Finally Stopped
I Followed a Sleep Expert's Tips to Improve My Sleep Health
November 5, 2019 by Victoria Moorhouse
My sleep health hit a new low this year. I moved to a new apartment on a loud and busy street corner, which means falling asleep among the honking and chatter became an everyday challenge. And because life is funny like that, my recurring issues with waking up in the middle of the night — usually driven by stress and anxiety — popped back up. Oh, and then I got a puppy. She's certainly cute, but shut-eye is suddenly a distant memory.
I don't know about you, but when I don't get sleep, my mood swings are out of control, I get headaches, and little life mishaps feel horribly overwhelming.
Shamelessly motivated by my own personal issues, I reached out to Dr. Shelby Harris, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist in Westchester, New York, and author of The Women's Guide to Overcoming Insomnia: Get a Good Night's Sleep Without Relying on Medication, for advice.
Read on for her best pre-bedtime tips for falling asleep faster, plus what to do if you can't stop tossing and turning at 2 a.m. — like me.
Turn Off Electronics and Ease Into Nighttime
I really didn't want it to be true, but Dr. Harris says it's important to cut all screen time an hour before bed and "go old school." That means dim the lights and take part in activities that are quiet and calm outside of your bed instead — meditate, try relaxation exercises, read, do a puzzle, knit, or draw.
This Is the Checklist You Should Be Following For Better Sleep In 2019
"Sleep isn't an on/off switch!" she says. "We must treat our brains like they are on a dimmer switch and ease into nighttime and sleep."
These activities help your brain naturally make melatonin to induce sleepiness, she says. "Melatonin doesn't like bright light and screens, hence the dim light."
If you don't have an hour, try to compromise with 30 minutes.
When I tried the 30-minute method, I locked my phone in my room and spent a half hour playing with my puppy. Fully transparency: it could have been the fact that I was utterly exhausted, but once I climbed into bed I was out in five minutes.
Don't Fall Asleep to Music
Considering there are hundreds of sleep music playlists on Spotify, this tip actually surprised me."It isn't ideal since it isn't a consistent noise and can cause awakenings," Dr. Harris notes.
If you need to fall asleep to a tune, try a white noise machine instead. "White noise is totally fine to block out noises, but if you have chronic insomnia it usually isn't a cure," Dr. Harris explains.
I personally find my white noise machine very helpful in drowning out the noise on my busy street, particularly the sounds of traffic. Many well-reviewed options are available on Amazon for $20 to around $45.
If you use a white noise app, Dr. Harris just suggests putting the phone under your bed.
Sleep Temperature Matters
I'm an extremely hot sleeper, and my tiny bedroom's air flow is nonexistent, so I'm used to throwing my covers on and off all night long.
Lowering my thermostat to around 68 degrees has helped — according to Dr. Harris the 60s are the ideal sleeping temp. "If it is too warm it makes your body struggle to produce melatonin and stay asleep at night, but too cold and you'll be having trouble with shivering!" she explains.
I've also swapped to cooler sheets, but you can also invest in cooling pillows and mattress toppers.
Can't Fall Back Asleep? Get Out of Bed
This seemed counterintuitive to me, but if you're having a tough time falling back to sleep in the middle of the night, leaving your bedroom might be the best idea.
"First and foremost — get out of bed," she says. "Don't lay in bed trying to force sleep to happen. Instead, get up and do something quiet, calm, and relaxing in dim light until you're sleepy. Then, get back to bed once you're sleepy."
I used to lay in bed and scroll through Instagram when I'd wake up at 2 a.m., which is probably the worst thing I could have been doing.
For the past few nights, I've gotten out of bed, checked on my puppy, and then climbed back into bed. I definitely feel more ready to sleep following Dr. Harris's tips than if I went down a social media rabbit hole.
If it's stress that's waking you up in the wee hours of the morning, Dr. Harris suggests adding in meditation. "If you go to sleep with a noisy brain, you're likely to awaken with a noisy brain."
Yin Yoga Soothed My Muscles and Mind, and Now I'm Hooked
How to Turn Off Your Brain Before Bed, So You Can Finally Get a Good Night's Sleep
I Was Barely Sleeping in College, Then I Found This App That Always Helps Me Drift Off
Image Source: Getty Images / Boy_Anupong
Healthy Living TipsHealthy LivingSleepStress Relief
This Melatonin-Free Elixir Put Me Right to Sleep
by Maggie Ryan 5 days ago
I'm Wearing KN95 Masks Right Now, and Here's Why I Like the Evolvetogether Styles
by India Yaffe 6 days ago
Calm's New Daily Move Sessions Help Me Relax in the Most Original Ways
by Angelica Wilson 1 week ago
I Do "Damp January" Instead of Dry January, and I Never Feel Deprived
by Lauren Manaker 1 week ago
If You're a Chronic Night Owl, You Might Have Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome
by Maggie Ryan 1 week ago


CEPPI – Coordinated energy-related PPIs actions for cities – aims to build capacity in cities on how to achieve more sustainable energy solutions through a pro-innovation procurement approach. The five cities involved in this project - Birmingham (UK), Budapest (Hungary), Castelló & Valencia (Spain) and Wrocław (Poland) – will intervene in scheduled public tenders to achieve a more sustainable energy outcome. The objective is to save at least 33GWh/year. The project will also help to develop the capacity of public authorities.
To achieve the goals, several actions will be taken: procurement officers will be trained, public tenders with energy efficiency specifications will be launched, and suppliers will be invited to engage in dialogue with public authorities to analyse which innovative solutions can be applied.
The project builds on established relationships that have been developed between the five participating cities through the Climate KIC. The CEPPI Cities also aspire to adopt a leadership role in their regions.
CEPPI is a three-year project financially supported by the EU's Horizon 2020 Programme, which started in April 2015.
The CEPPI consortium is integrated by public authorities and agencies from the five CEPPI cities, plus four expert organisations.
JERA Consulting: An independent consultancy with nearly 10 year pioneering experience of procurement of innovation in Europe. This consultancy has an excellent track record in helping public sector organisations to address their societal challenges and deliver transformational change through procurement.
Optimat: An independent strategy consultancy specialising in the policy areas of innovation and sustainability. Optimat has an extensive track record of managing European project and studies aimed at overcoming the barriers to innovation and exploitation of new technologies.
Steinbeis-Transferzentrum EGS: STZ is a technology transfer network in Germany that covers every sector of technology and management. STZ-EGS is the Steibeis Transfer Centre for Building Energy Technologies.
ICLEI European Secretariat: ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability is the world's leading association of cities and local governments dedicated to sustainable development. ICLEI Europe provides technical consulting, training, events and communication services to build capacity, share knowledge and support local governments in the implementation of sustainable development.
SPP Regions is promoting the creation and expansion of 7 European regional networks of municipalities working together on sustainable public procurement (SPP) and public procurement of innovation (PPI).


The NEW EZiTEX t300 delivers significantly higher power output than previous transmitters on the market.
EZiTEX Signal Transmitters Deliver significantly higher power than previous model transmitters.
Trace services over a greater distance.
Improve service detection in areas of high signal interference.
Improve depth estimation when using a depth locator.
Four adjustable output levels, delivering a maximum output level of up to 3 watts (EZiTEX t300).
Environmental protection rating of IP65. Robust, compact and lightweight design engineered for tough site conditions.
Choice of 3 tracing signals.
33K everyday site use, generally accepted as an industry standard.
8K long tracing and reduced cross coupling.
8 and 33K (connection mode).
Ease of use – default output frequency of 33K.
Externally located clear, audio visual controls. This ensures a robust waterproof design.
In-built test function – allowing operators to test the hardware and software functionality of the EZiTEX before use.
Producing up to 3 watts of power through 8 kHz or 33 kHz dual frequency modes and boasting an IP65 rating, the transmitter is fully protected even in the harshest of conditions.
Four adjustable output levels, delivering a maximum output level of 1 watt.
Durable waterproof design – environmental protection rating of IP65. Robust, compact and lightweight design engineered for tough site conditions.
In built test function – allowing operatorsto test the hardware and software functionality of the EZiTEX before use.
Connect the EZiTEX to a conductive service such as a valve, junction box or other access point.
A Signal Clamp is used to apply the EZiTEX signal to an insulated electricity cable. Supply is not interrupted by the signal and the operator is not exposed to any live services, such as a valve, junction box or other access point. Click here for information on the Signal Clamp.
The EZiTEX induces a tracing signal into the buried service. This is a quick and convenient method when direct connection or signal clamping is not possible.
Four adjustable output evels, delivering a maximum output level of 1 watt.


Courses Reclaim Your Sanity Series: Kill Your Inner Hyena!
Reclaim Your Sanity Series: Kill Your Inner Hyena!
Don't you think it's about time you stopped talking smack about yourself?
Kill Your Inner Hyena! How much time do you think you spend criticizing yourself? You probably wouldn't talk to your best friend that way. Isn't it time you stopped talking smack about yourself?
I used to be the queen of making negative comments about myself. Kind of a weird thing given I'd been coaching other people to stop doing that for years.
But you don't always realize what you are saying to yourself until someone else you are living with hears you and addresses it.
There I was standing in front of my full-length mirror after getting dressed, smoothing out my hips attempting to straighten the curves I'd been born with and had never been proud of.
My then husband caught me doing this one day and asked me what I was doing. "I just wish my thighs were smaller and my hips weren't so big," I whined.
His reply stopped me dead in my tracks. No one had ever said that, in that way to me before.
He had a point. We'd never talk to a friend the way we talk to ourselves. If we did, we wouldn't have many left.
Whether it is complaining about the way we look, calling ourselves stupid or silly, or comparing ourselves to someone else and coming up short – we are all guilty of this behavior. We all know negative self-talk is not "good," so why do we keep doing it?
I think it is for the same reason it is so difficult to keep a promise to ourselves. No one is watching. No one is listening. No one is witnessing our behavior.
But I want to assure you that someone is.
You are watching, you are listening, you are witnessing your own behavior.
Every time you criticize yourself you are chipping away at your own magic.
So how can you let go of this dis-empowering habit?
Create a power statement that truly leaves you feeling powerful!


text:
| ABOUT | CONTACT |
LATEST NEWS (EVOICE)
CAREER CENTER (JOBS)
Savings Programs
Candidate Surveys
Taxpayers Research Institute of MO
MO Transportation & Development Council
MO Center for Manufacturing Excellence
AIM Team
Amendment 10 prevents our kids from becoming political footballs
Constitutional Amendment 10 will be on the ballot November 4, 2014. If voters approve the measure, the people's elected representatives will have a check and balance over spending decisions that does not exist today. As the only group that supported this constitutional amendment as it was proposed in the Missouri General Assembly, Associated Industries of Missouri hopes voters understand the importance of this bill in bringing honesty to the political process.
The state budget works like this:
1. Governor proposes a budget and sends to House;
2. House considers, adds to and subtracts from budget and sends to Senate;
3. Senate considers, adds to and subtracts from budget and sends back to House;
4. Differences are worked out and the result is approved in both the House and Senate and the budget is returned to the Governor;
5. The Governor may approve or veto individual spending items. If he/she vetoes the items, they are returned to the House and Senate for reconsideration.
6. If the Governor vetoes a spending item, the House and Senate may override that decision with a two-thirds majority vote;
HOWEVER, current law provides the Governor may withhold the funding for the spending item, even if the legislature overrides the Governor's veto. ALSO, current law allows the Governor to claim that revenues are insufficient to support the budget approved by the legislature and he/she can simply withhold funds without a veto. The people have no recourse in this situation. The Governor simply must believe the revenues are insufficient to fund the budget and there is no check and balance on his or her decision in the matter.
For decades, this authority has worked fairly well. When budgets were passed that were not affordable because state revenues did not support them, governors simply withheld the appropriate amount of money. But then governors figured out that withholding money from popular programs, such as education, could wield great political power. Perhaps a governor would withhold education funding unless the legislature sustained their veto of certain bills, as has been the case in the last two legislative sessions.
Governor Jay Nixon vetoed our 2013 legislation he didn't like that cut taxes for everyone in Missouri and withheld education funding, saying he would not release the funding if the legislature overrode his veto and enacted the law. That tactic worked with that bill, HB 253, as lawmakers succumbed to the political pressure and failed to override his veto of that bill.
The legislature came back in 2014 with another bill, SB 509, that also cut taxes using only the growth in state revenues. Governor Nixon answered that the bill contained a flaw that meant there would be no income tax on income over $9,000, creating a $4.8 billion hole in the state budget and declaring education funding would suffer if that happened. Despite opinions from many that this was not true, including a former Supreme Court justice, the governor maintained this argument through the debate on the override of his veto. Thankfully, the legislature overrode his veto and SB 509 became law. Shortly thereafter, the Governor's Department of Revenue issued a bulletin confirming that the top tax rate on income would indeed not be zero, but would be 5.5% (as we had claimed). There would be no $4.8 billion hole in the state budget after all.
Political arguments happen all the time – they are part of the process. But funding for our children's education should not be held hostage by politicians to make a political point or to get their way politically. Amendment 10 would stop that behavior by allowing the legislature to review a decision to withhold funding. If there is truly a shortage of revenue, the legislature would not override the decision to withhold the spending. But if the decision is simply a political one, that too will be exposed and people will be better informed. If a governor knows their decision to withhold money from education will be subject to review, they may think twice before withholding that crucial funding.
Constitutional Amendment 10 provides citizens with a way to prevent our children's education funding and other important funding from being held hostage by a governor of either party that is trying to make a political point or force the legislature to sustain a veto or pass legislation he or she wants passed. That's not how this power was intended to be used and Amendment 10 puts an end to it.
We hope this helps explain the purpose behind Constitutional Amendment 10. If you are still undecided, the fact that the St. Louis Post Dispatch Editorial Board is opposed to it should help you make your decision. If you want to read an article prepared by people with an obvious lack of understanding of how the process works, you may read the Post's editorial here.
Governor Parson delivers 2022 State of the State Address
AIM's top tort reform bill advances
DED names BJ Tanksley as new Director of Broadband Development
January 18,2022- The Missouri Department of Economic Development (DED) named BJ Tanksley as its new Director for the Office of Broadband Development, the state's lead agency for expanding access to h


text:
Molinar, Jeffries lead Mississippi State past Winthrop 84-63
JACKSON, Miss. (AP)Iverson Molinar scored 22 points and D.J. Jeffries tallied 19 and Mississippi State beat Winthrop 84-63 on Tuesday night.
Molinar sank 6 of 10 shots, including both of his 3-point tries, and 8 of 10 free throws for the Bulldogs (9-3). Jeffries made 8 of 12 shots, adding six rebounds and four assists. Garrison Brooks finished with 15 points – on 6-of-10 shooting – and five rebounds. Shakeel Moore scored 10.
Molinar scored the first two baskets of the game and Brooks added a three-point play as MSU opened with a 7-1 run. Jeffries scored 12 by halftime, helping the Bulldogs take a 47-28 lead into intermission. Molinar and Arkansas' JD Notae are the only players from the Southeastern Conference to score in double figures in every game this season.
D.J. Burns Jr. led the Eagles (6-6) with 20 points shooting 9 for 11. Kelton Talford came off the bench to score 12 on 4-of-5 shooting. The rest of the Eagles made just 9 of 33 attempts (27.3%).
Mississippi State outrebounded Winthrop 31-22. The Bulldogs came into the game averaging 11.3 more rebounds than their opponents – seventh best in the nation. The Bulldogs shot 54.7% overall and made 9 of 21 from beyond the arc (42.9%).
It was just the second meeting between the schools. Winthrop beat MSU 74-63 during the 2006-07 season.
Mississippi State won't play again until it opens SEC play against Arkansas on Dec. 29.


Every holiday season, we're on the hunt for unique Christmas gifts for the people we care about most (because we don't want to be that person who gets a gift card every year). But finding a truly uncommon or specific gift can be a really daunting task! To make your life easier, our editors have put together a list of the best websites to buy unique Christmas gifts, so you can find something fun and creative people won't be expecting.
This one may seem like an obvious pick but you can find virtually everything known to mankind on Amazon. That said, you have to know what you are looking for and search for items accordingly. You can find a ton on Amazon, but get your unique gift ideas first!
Etsy is a gold mine if you are looking for unique Christmas gifts because everything is pretty much customizable. No matter what you're looking for, Etsy is a global marketplace of creators from all over the world so the options for unique gifts are endless. Since those are usually homemade to order, allow for plenty of time to make sure you get your gift in time before the holidays.
Uncommon Goods is the perfect place to find out-of-the-ordinary gifts that will suit any interest, style or hobby. Even if you go into it without the slightest idea of what you want, you'll get tons of inspiration. It's one of our favorite websites for unique Christmas gifts!
Sugarfina is a great option for anyone who loves sweets and their boozy candies make for some of the most unique Christmas gifts. Who turns down rose flavored candies? No one!
Cratejoy is the best site to pick a subscription box for someone based on their interests and hobbies. You can browse hundreds of subscription boxes and find the perfect fit. You probably don't know half of these even existed… A fun subscription box is one of the most unexpected and unique Christmas gifts.
The Grommet gives you the ability to choose how your unique gift is sourced: you can buy from companies that are minority-owned, select items with life-time guarantees or even filter by products that support philanthropy. We love that The Grommet supports small businesses!
World Market features tons of unique gifts from around the globe. From French gourmet gift baskets to Moroccan tagine dishes and beer making kits, the options are endless. Even better, wrap your gift in their unique handmade paper and you've got an easy, thoughtful gift for Christmas.
Everyone knows Urban Outfitters has a great gift section but I didn't know you could find so many truly unique Christmas gifts there. Bonus point, they are super trendy items and on average things are really affordable. They have pink butter to put on toast, that's pretty f*cking cool.
ModCloth has a rather small selection of gifts compared to the other sites on this list but they are extremely carefully curated. So many unique gift options, one cuter than the other!
Red Bubble is a platform featuring over 400k creatives worldwide creating custom shirts, stickers, phone cases, and pillows etc… So if your best friend is a huge fan of the office, or can't stop binge watching Game of Thrones, you can now have a bunch of fun items made for them!
Can you think of other websites to shop for unique Christmas gifts? Tell us in the comments!


text:
Crazy Guy Sparks Outrage Online After Drinking...
Poor Old Man Uses Hard-Earned Cash To...
1720 Plague, 1820 Cholera Outbreak, 1920 Bubonic...
4,000 Evacuees at Evacuation Centers in Batangas...
SSS & GSIS Offer Calamity Assistance to...
Issa Pressman: Alleged Third Party In JaDine...
Raging Mom Slams Irresponsible Partner for Letting...
Hotdog Sandwich Vendor Carrying Portable Food Stall...
JaDine Breakup Is A Gimmick, James &...
Ex-President PNoy Calls Aquino Administration as "Bobo...
PAGASA Releases Latest Weather Updates in PH (October 12)
Jay Nelz October 12, 2019
Latest Weather Updates in PH Released by PAGASA The state weather bureau PAGASA released the latest weather updates in the Philippines on Saturday (October 12, 2019). The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) reported that the northeasterly surface windflow, northwesterly and southwesterly winds convergence would affect the weather condition in the country. PAGASA […]
PAGASA: Low-Pressure Area to Bring Rains Over Parts of PH
Jay Nelz October 5, 2019
Low-Pressure Area to Bring Rains Over Parts of PH, PAGASA Says The state weather bureau PAGASA announced that a low-pressure area is expected to bring rains over some parts of the Philippines. On Saturday morning (October 5, 2019), the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration released the latest weather updates in the country. The […]
PAGASA: Habagat To Bring Rains Over Most Parts of PH
Jay Nelz September 14, 2019
PAGASA Releases Latest Weather Updates in PH (September 14) The state weather bureau PAGASA reported that the southwest monsoon or known as Habagat would bring rains over most parts of the Philippines. On Saturday (September 14, 2019), the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration released the latest weather updates in the country. The weather […]
PAGASA Releases Latest Updates on Tropical Storm Hanna (August 6)
Jay Nelz August 6, 2019
Latest Updates on Tropical Storm Hanna Released by PAGASA The state weather bureau PAGASA released the latest updates regarding the Tropical Storm Hanna as it enhances the southwest monsoon. On Tuesday (August 6, 2019), the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) released the latest weather updates in the country. PAGASA reported that Tropical Storm […]
PAGASA Releases Latest Weather Updates for Saturday (July 27)
Jay Nelz July 27, 2019
Latest Weather Updates Released by PAGASA SOUTHWEST MONSOON – The state weather bureau PAGASA released the latest weather updates in the Philippines for Saturday (July 27, 2019). The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) reported that the southwest monsoon would continue to affect the weather condition in the country. The southwest monsoon or locally […]
PAGASA Releases Latest Weather Updates for Wednesday (July 24, 2019)
Latest Weather Updates Released by PAGASA The state weather bureau PAGASA released the latest weather updates in the Philippines for Wednesday (July 24, 2019). The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) reported that the southwest monsoon would continue to affect the weather conditions over some parts of the country. The southwest monsoon or […]
PAGASA Says Southwest Monsoon To Bring Rains Over Parts of PH
Southwest Monsoon To Bring Rains Over Parts of the Country, PAGASA Says The state weather bureau PAGASA said that the southwest monsoon would continue to bring rains over some parts of the Philippines. On Tuesday (July 23, 2019), the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) released the latest weather updates. PAGASA said that […]
Southwest Monsoon To Bring Rains Over Parts of Philippines, PAGASA Says The state weather bureau PAGASA reported that the southwest monsoon would bring rains over some parts of the Philippines. On Friday (July 19, 2019), the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) released the latest weather updates. PAGASA said that the southwest monsoon […]
PAGASA Issues Latest Updates On Tropical Storm Falcon (July 18)
Latest Updates On Tropical Storm Falcon (July 18) Released by PAGASA The state weather bureau PAGASA released the latest updates about Tropical Storm Falcon as it maintained its strength and moves northward. On Thursday (July 18, 2019), the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) issued the latest weather updates in the country. PAGASA reported […]
PAGASA: Tropical Depression Falcon To Bring Heavy Rains Over Parts of PH
Tropical Depression Falcon To Bring Heavy Rains Over Parts of PH, PAGASA Says The state weather bureau PAGASA said that Tropical Depression Falcon would bring heavy rains over some parts of the Philippines. On Monday (July 15, 2019), the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) released the latest weather updates in the country. […]
Kabanata 15 El Filibusterismo – "Si Ginoong Pasta" (BUOD)
Joey de Leon Reacts To James Reid-Nadine Lustre Breakup?
Kabanata 14 El Filibusterismo – "Sa Bahay Ng Mga Mag-aaral" (BUOD)
Flight Attendant With Coronavirus Symptoms Under Quarantine In Aklan


The Gefen GTB-DVIKVM-ELR is a Gefen ToolBox DVIKVM Extra Long Range Extender. It extends DVI, USB 2.0, RS-232, and Ethernet over two Cat-5 cables.
The GefenToolBox DVIKVM ELR extends DVI, RS-232, and Ethernet up to 330 feet (100 meters) using a single Cat-5 cable. A separate Cat-5 cable is used to extend USB 2.0. 480 Mbps data rates are supported for USB 2.0, in addition to backward-compatibility with USB 1.1. The Receiver Unit allows the connections of up to two (2) USB devices, providing access to printers, scanners, cameras, external storage media, digital signage, and automated control systems.
This GefenToolBox product uses Gefen ELR technology, allowing DVI, RS-232, and Ethernet to travel along the same Cat-5 cable, reducing the number of cables required. USB 2.0 is extended over the second Cat-5 cable, allowing USB to be extended at its full 480 Mbps bandwidth.
Place the DVIKVM ELR Sender Unit next to the computer source. Use the included DVI cable to connect the source to the Sender Unit. Use the supplied USB cable to connect the USB port to the USB host (source) device. Connect the Receiver Unit to the monitor with a DVI cable. Connect the USB devices to the Receiver Unit. Use two Cat-5 cables, up to 330 feet (100 meters) long, to connect the Sender Unit to the Receiver Unit. Connect a serial cable from the RS-232 port on the Sender Unit to the RS-232 host device. Connect the RS-232 port on the Receiver Unit to the device used. The Ethernet port on both the Sender Unit and Receiver Unit are connected to standard network devices. Connect the included locking power supplies to the Sender and Receiver Units, and then connect both power cords to any available electrical outlets.
*Note: This product does not support HDCP content with DVI sources. This GefenToolBox DVI Extra Long Range Extender is also available in black (please see the Related Products link in the sidebar to the left).


There are many species of halocarbons, and it would be time consuming to detail the increases in atmospheric concentration of these species. Concentrations of halocarbons are typically measured in pptv. Those with solely anthropogenic sources have increased from zero concentration since they were first manufactured in the 1930s. There is now evidence (Kaye et al., 1994) that the growth rates of species covered by the Montreal Protocol are slowing significantly. Current atmospheric concentrations for CFC-12 are shown in Table 6.2 (section 6.4.8).


Many people are now offering bomboniere to their rehearsal dinner guests. Sometimes the family who is planning the wedding is not Greek or Italian, so the confetti are not included as wedding favors. Rehearsal dinners offer the perfect opportunity to include the tradition in an elegant way.
Or, perhaps you just want a touch of the tradition at the Rehearsal - we have lovely bouquets to adorn your tables.
Oftentimes, families are also using the Rehearsal Dinner as the venue to provide bomboniere gifts to those closest to them, saving the confetti-only bomboniera for the wedding day.
We are more than happy to work with you to develop something wonderful for your rehearsal dinner party.


text:
Бронгалі́вська сільська́ ра́да — адміністративно-територіальна одиниця та орган місцевого самоврядування в Підгаєцькому районі Тернопільської області. Адміністративний центр — село Бронгалівка.

Загальні відомості
 Територія ради: 19,33 км²
 Населення ради: 441 особа (станом на 2001 рік)

Історія
с. Брогнгалівка.

Населені пункти
Сільській раді були підпорядковані населені пункти:
 с. Бронгалівка
 с. Вага
 с. Михайлівка

Населення

За переписом населення України 2001 року в сільській раді мешкала 441 особа. 100 % населення вказало своєю рідною мовою українську мову.

Склад ради
Рада складалася з 12 депутатів та голови.
 Голова ради: Пона Іван Степанович

Керівний склад попередніх скликань

Примітка: таблиця складена за даними сайту Верховної Ради України

Депутати
За результатами місцевих виборів 2010 року депутатами ради стали:

За суб'єктами висування

За округами

Примітки та джерела

Адміністративний устрій Підгаєцького району

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Handmade paper for Letterpress
Typography is the latest trend in the field of communication. The most ancient and charming press system, after years of decline, has been "rediscovered" in the United States and in the past several years has been rapidly spreading all over the world under the name of "Letterpress".
What makes it different from other printing processes? The combination of both the charm for ancient things and the modern graphic settings makes it possible to produce simple, luxurious and impressive products:
For this new-old technique, the media is essential. The paper must be of heavy grammage, soft to the touch and very thick, to allow the die to leave a deep reverse relief effect, unobtainable with digital or lithographic press systems.
The only paper available to printers today, although of very good quality, is industrial made paper, in stark contrast with the philosophy of "Letterpress" printing, which aims to emphasize the old methods and would require handmade paper, the only one used in the golden age of typography, from the 15th to the first half of the 19th century, before offset and digital systems modernized, but also banalized, printing.
The group of Italian technicians and entrepreneurs, who created the Papelera Don Bosco within the Peruvian missions, has designed a product to go beyond this contradiction. After studies and experiments, we started the production of a specialty handmade paper for Letterpress, with these main characteristics:
Raw materials: 100% Peruvian cotton, famous for the thinness and toughness of its fiber.
Pulp preparation: Simple hot washing of the fibers to obtain our color "Natural Cotton White". Additional bleaching process (with no chlorine involved) for our color "Graphic White".
Sheet forming: Exclusively formed from the vat one sheet at a time, as shown by the deckle edges.
Grammage: The old techniques allow easy obtainability of paper of every grammage, with a weight for square meter above 1000 grams, unachievable with continuous machines.
Thickness: The techniques we developed allow us to minimize the pressing of the sheet after its formation. This way we can obtain sheets of very high thickness, ideal for a deep impression, the distinctive mark of Letterpress.
Surface: Drying happens slowly and naturally, under the action of the sun and the breeze of the Pacific Ocean. The result is a naturally coarse surface, soft to the touch, very pleasant, which doesn't cause any difficulty while printing.
Certifications: Our process and technical characteristics are certified according to the ISO norms. See the certificates
200 g/m2 Designed for projects where heavier grammage cannot be used. This is the paper we use to manufacture our envelopes for letterpress cards, which are thicker than usual to host high thickness cards.
400 g/m2 Recommended for business cards and other small-sized works.
600 g/m2 Perfect for wedding cards, invitations and other medium-sized stationery projects.
800 g/m2 Suggested for larger works where the grammage must be proportionate to the area.
1000 g/m2 For those looking for out-of-the-ordinary products.
Graphic White Pure white, for projects requiring a surface of uniform and neutral color for the graphic design to stand out.
Natural White Cotton Without any bleaching, the original color of the cotton bolls is left untouched. The surface is even softer and is perfect for projects relying on the charm of cotton and natural methods. Additional feature are the rare and minute darker dots in the bulk, the fragments of the cotton seeds, further proof of the handicraft of our production.
For a complete listing of our formats and grammage, please check our catalog:
A2 sheets Whole sheets, 40.8 cm x 57 cm, (16 x 22 1/2 inches) with four deckle edges. For those who need to cut non-standard formats, or clear-cut cards for accurate registration or for painting edges.
Pre-cut cards Ready to use with clean cut edges, in a choice of grammage and formats. For each of our cards, matching envelopes are available.
Cards with hand torn edges Coming soon
Cards in a choice of grammage and formats, manually torn, for those who favor irregular edges. Matching envelopes ae available.
Envelopes In a variety of formats, realized with our 200 g/sm paper. A perfect match for color and surface to our "Letterpress" cards. Envelopes are not die-cut, but manually torn. The bottom border of horizontal flaps is obtained from one of the deckle edges, so it will have a very natural and elegant irregular line. Each envelop carries our embossed mark "Don Bosco". Orders of at least 25 items are shipped in elegant and strong handmade boxes. You can use them to store your finished printed cards, for a precious and elegant presentation of your work to your customers.
Printing advice
The best results can be achieved with the simpler and older printing presses, either with electrical motors or with manual levers or pedals. For automatic sheet-fed machines, like the Heidelberg Windmill, we suggest testing the aperture of the two pliers, before committing to the thicker versions, (e.g. 1000 g/m2) .
Cards with torn edges, especially on automatic sheet-fed machines, may cause slight variations in the placement of the printed area, due to the unevenness of the register border. In case of two or multiple color prints, we suggest to design your project in a way that minimized these imperfections.
Printing can be done with metal dies (zinc, magnesium, brass, copper...), moveable types (lead or wood) and photopolymers, with or without metallic base. Good results can be achieved with normal plates. For a deeper impression, we suggest to use very raised dies.


Music fans everywhere can now show off their own unique sense of style while listening to favorite tunes with a new colorful, vibrant and fun Philips headphone. The Philips Bubbles SHE3622 in-ear headphone provides an extension of listeners own personality, with a distinctive color style brightening up music enjoyment while providing a chic design to stand-out from the crowd. With a combination of curves and transparent color which stray from traditional designs, the Philips SHE3622 features a music-sharing adaptor to enjoy listening with friends, even when on-the-move. The SHE3622 headphone also delivers exceptional comfort and sound quality guaranteeing music fans a great listening experience.
Music fans everywhere can now show off their own unique sense of style while listening to favorite tunes with a new colorful, vibrant and fun Philips headphone. The Philips Bubbles SHE3621 in-ear headphone provides an extension of listeners own personality, with a distinctive color style brightening up music enjoyment while providing a chic design to stand-out from the crowd. With a combination of curves and transparent color which stray from traditional designs, the Philips SHE3621 features a music-sharing adaptor to enjoy listening with friends, even when on-the-move. The SHE3621 headphone also delivers exceptional comfort and sound quality guaranteeing music fans a great listening experience.
Music fans everywhere can now show off their own unique sense of style while listening to favorite tunes with a new colorful, vibrant and fun Philips headphone. The Philips Bubbles SHE3620 in-ear headphone provides an extension of listeners own personality, with a distinctive color style brightening up music enjoyment while providing a chic design to stand-out from the crowd. With a combination of curves and transparent color which stray from traditional designs, the Philips SHE3620 features a music-sharing adaptor to enjoy listening with friends, even when on-the-move. The SHE3620 headphone also delivers exceptional comfort and sound quality guaranteeing music fans a great listening experience.
Philips its most sophisticated wireless Bluetooth headset, featuring advanced sound technology that delivers the best-ever music and conversation quality from mobile phones. The new Philips SHB9000 headband allows music lovers to listen to their favorite tunes while never missing a call, taking advantage of high-end features in new mobile handsets to give pitch-perfect sound quality and complete freedom to move. The stylish Philips SHB9000 includes Philips Fullsound which uses latest digital technologies to reveal the finest MP3 or CD audio, dynamically enhancing treble, stereo effects and bass to reveal previously unheard music details for a richer, more natural listening experience.
Whiling away the hours on long journeys with your portable music collection or the latest hi-definition movie is a whole new experience with a great pair of ear-canal headphones, thanks to the new CX 6 Travel. The best Sennheiser sound has been combined with a high degree of passive attenuation in a compact size, guaranteeing your listening enjoyment on planes and trains without enduring chatty seat-mates, squeaky brakes or the din of a jet engine. The chic black and silver earphones are being unveiled at CES in Las Vegas.
Taking center stage here at the Consumer Electronics show Sony unveiled the Rolly entertainment player. Spawned from the Sony portable audio technology and artificial intelligence, along with the company's design and entertainment legacy, this palm-sized, egg-shaped device provides a unique combination of music, motion and fun. "The Sony Rolly is the latest example of Sony's expertise in entertainment and technology," said Steve Haber, senior vice president of the Digital Imaging and Audio Division at Sony Electronics. "This isn't just another gadget; the Rolly is a sophisticated piece of entertainment technology." The Sony Rolly device will be available this spring, price is not mentioned by Sony.
DTS, Inc. returns to main floor of the 2008 Consumer Electronics Show (CES), January 7-10, Booth # 21913, South Hall, Las Vegas Convention Center, with breakthrough demonstrations of its new DTS Surround Sensation simulated surround sound technologies, innovative high definition content distribution partnership news with XStreamHD, as well as new developments in its highly regarded DTS-HD Master Audio technology (common to both Blu-ray Disc and HD DVD next generation optical disc standards). At CES, the company will be showcasing its offerings for the consumer electronics, personal computing, and digital content distribution marketplaces including live A/B demonstrations of DTS Surround Sensation headphone technology.
Audio in today's format can be enjoyed in many ways. At the Consumer Electronics Show we will experience audio in various exhibitions; from portable devices like tablets, MP3 players, iPod and smartphones, to high-end 3D Home Cinema sets and high-quality audio components. Recent years the electronic device industry changed the world of music completely. Thanks to download servers and services like Apple's iTunes Store it has become very easy to enjoy music any time, any place. Mobile communication is one of the motors that have a big influence on the music industry. Sharing, wireless accessing and enjoying music via mobile phones play an important factor in today's consumer experience. The CES Show 2012 will showcase the latest audio products and services.