text:
The Houston Police Department (HPD) is the primary law enforcement agency serving the City of Houston, Texas, United States and some surrounding areas. With approximately 5,300 officers and 1,200 civilian support personnel it is the fifth-largest municipal police department, serving the fourth-largest city in the United States. Its headquarters are at 1200 Travis in Downtown Houston.

HPD's jurisdiction often overlaps with several other law enforcement agencies, among them the Harris County Sheriff's Office and the Harris County Constable Precincts.  HPD is the largest municipal police department in Texas.

History

Beginnings

Houston was founded by brothers Augustus and John Kirby Allen in 1836 and incorporated as a city the next year, 1837.  As the capital city of the Republic of Texas, it quickly grew, and so did the need for a cohesive law enforcement agency.  The Houston Police Department was founded in 1841.  The first HPD badge issued bore the number "1."

The early part of the 20th century was a time of enormous growth for both Houston and for the Houston Police Department.  Due to growing traffic concerns in downtown Houston, the HPD purchased its first automobile in 1910 and created its first traffic squad during that same year.  Eleven years later, in 1921, the HPD installed the city's first traffic light.  This traffic light was manually operated until 1927, when automatic traffic lights were installed.

As Houston became a larger metropolis throughout the 1930s and 1940s, the HPD found itself growing and acquiring more technology to keep up with the city's fast pace.  The first homicide division was established in 1930.  During that same year, the HPD purchased newer weapons to arm their officers: standard issue .44 caliber revolvers and two Thompson submachine guns.  In 1939, the department proudly presented its first police academy class.  The Houston Police Officers Association (HPOA) was created in 1945.  This organization later became the Houston Police Officers Union. The first African American woman police officer on the force, Margie Duty, joined the HPD in 1953, starting in the Juvenile Division.

During the 20th century, the HPD enforced an oppressive racial system that targeted blacks for harassment and failed to protect the black community. The HPD zealously enforced racial segregation in Houston.

In 1967, a civil rights protest at Texas Southern University turned into what police say was a riot. One officer was killed and nearly 500 students were arrested. It was as a result of these riots that the still-active Community Relations Division was created within the HPD.  In 1970, the Helicopter Patrol Division was created with three leased helicopters.  That year also marked the department's first purchase of bulletproof vests for their officers. The HPD's first Special Weapons and Tactics squad (SWAT) was formed in 1975.

Modern times
In 1982, the Houston Police Department appointed its first African-American chief of police, Lee P. Brown, who succeeded B.K.Johnson. Brown served as chief from 1982 to 1990 and later became the City of Houston's first African-American mayor in 1998. While Brown was considered a successful chief, he also earned the unflattering moniker "Out of Town Brown" for his many lengthy trips away from Houston during his tenure.

Brown's appointment was controversial from the start. Traditional HPD officers frowned upon Brown because he was an outsider from Atlanta, Georgia where he was the police commissioner; to become the police chief in Houston, an officer has to advance through the rank and file although the "good old boy" culture was prevalent.

The HPD paved a new road again in 1990 when Mayor Kathy Whitmire appointed Elizabeth Watson as the first female chief of police.  Elizabeth Watson served from 1990 to 1992 and was followed by Sam Nuchia, who served as police chief from 1992 to 1997.  In 1997, Clarence O. Bradford was appointed as chief.  In 2002, Bradford was indicted and later acquitted of perjury charges, stemming from an incident in which he allegedly lied under oath about cursing fellow officers.

Since 1992, the Houston City Marshal's division, Houston Airport Police, and Houston Park Police were absorbed into HPD. In early 2004, during Mayor Bill White's first term in office, HPD absorbed the Neighborhood Protection division from the City of Houston Planning Department, which was renamed the Neighborhood Protection Corps in 2005. Annise Parker, Mayor White's successor, moved the Neighborhood Protection Corps into the Department of Neighborhoods when the new city division was established in August 2011 - the NPC was renamed as the Inspections and Public Service division of the Department of Neighborhoods.

Crime laboratory
In November 2002, the CBS local TV station KHOU began broadcasting a multi-part investigation into the accuracy of the HPD Crime Lab's findings. Particularly of interest to the reporters were criminal cases that involved DNA analysis and serological (body fluid) testing. Night after night journalists David Raziq, Anna Werner and Chris Henao presented case after case in which the lab's work was dangerously sloppy or just plain wrong and may have been sending the innocent to prison while letting the guilty go free. As a result of those broadcasts, at the end of the week the Houston Police Department declared they would have a team of independent scientists audit the lab and its procedures. However, the audit's findings were so troublesome that one month later, in mid- December, HPD closed the DNA section of the laboratory. Not only did the audit bolster KHOU's report but also found that samples were contaminated and the lab's files were very poorly maintained.  The audit revealed that a section of the lab's roof was leaking into sample-containment areas, lab technicians were seriously undereducated or unqualified for their jobs, samples had been incorrectly tagged, and samples had been contaminated through improper handling.  Worse, many people had been convicted and sent to prison based upon the evidence contained in the crime lab.  The New York Times asked the question, "Worst Crime Lab in the Country?" in a March 2003 article.

Beginning in early 2003, the HPD Crime Lab began cooperating with outside DNA testing facilities to review criminal cases involving cases or convictions associated with Crime Lab evidence. However, this again came as a result of some prompting investigatory work done by the TV station KHOU. Reporters David Raziq, Anna Werner and Chris Henao got an e-mail from a local mother. She told them that her son, Josiah Sutton, had been tried for rape in 1999 and found guilty based upon HPD Crime Lab testing. He was sentenced to 25 years in prison. So KHOU began to take an intensive look at the Sutton case. Raziq and Werner analyzed the HPD lab's DNA report with the help of DNA expert Bill Thompson of the University of California-Irvine. They found obvious mistakes in the report that the lab should have known about. Not long after that broadcast, the HPD agreed to an immediate retest of the DNA evidence in the Sutton case. Those tests showed the DNA collected in the case did not belong to Sutton.  He was released from prison in March 2003 and given a full pardon in 2004.

As a result of the scandal, nine Crime Lab technicians were disciplined with suspensions and one analyst was terminated.  However, that analyst was fully reinstated to her previous position in January 2004, less than one month after her December 2003 termination.  Many HPD supervisors and Houston residents called for more stringent disciplinary actions against the Crime Lab employees.  However, the city panel responsible for disciplining the lab technicians repeatedly resisted these arguments and instead reduced the employees' punishments .  Irma Rios was hired in 2003 as Lab Director, replacing Interim Lab Director Frank Fitzpatrick.

In May 2005, the Houston Police Department announced that with much effort and coordination on their part, they had received national accreditation through the American Society of Crime Lab Directors (ASCLD).  The ASCLD stated that the lab had met or exceeded standards for accreditation in all areas except DNA.  Through independent research and testing, it was determined in January 2006 that of 1,100 samples reviewed, 40% of DNA samples and 23% of blood evidence samples had serious problems.  On June 11, 2007, the HPD crime lab reported its DNA section had gained full accreditation from ASCLD.

In the October 6, 2007 The Houston Chronicle published allegations of Employees cheating on an open-book proficiency test.

Safe Clear
The Safe Clear program was implemented by Mayor Bill White on January 1, 2005, as a joint venture between the City of Houston and the Houston Police Department.  The intention of the program was to decrease the freeway accidents and traffic jams that occurred due to stalled drivers.  Select tow truck companies across the city were authorized to tow a stalled vehicle as soon as possible after being notified by an HPD officer.  Persons having their vehicle towed were provided with a Motorist's Bill of Rights and were required to pay a sum to the City of Houston after the towing had taken place.

The program was initially very unpopular among Houston residents.  Frequent complaints were that the program unfairly punished lower-income motorists by enforcing a high towing fee and that the program could potentially damage vehicles that required special tow trucks and equipment to be safely towed away.  Other complaints were that stranded motorists did not have an option to choose their own garage.  The city and the HPD addressed these concerns with program improvements that provided funds to pay for short tows that removed stalled vehicles from the freeway and then allowed drivers to choose their own garage and tow companies once they were safely off the freeway.

Studies released in February 2006 indicate that Safe Clear has been successful during its fledgling year.  There were 1,533 fewer freeway accidents in 2005, a decrease of 10.4% since Safe Clear's implementation.

Red light cameras
In December 2004, Chief Hurtt (when he was the former chief of Oxnard, CA) stated that when the city of Oxnard installed their red light cameras, it has claimed that red light running decreased dramatically although Houston was in the process of favoring red light camera enforcement.
The history of red light camera enforcement goes back to the 78th Texas Legislature where this measure was voted down although a transportation bill authored by a member of the Texas House of Representatives had an inclusion of red light camera enforcement.  In December 2004, the Houston City Council unanimously voted for red light camera enforcement although Texas State Representative Gary Elkins (R-TX) introduced legislation to deter Houston from amending its city charter for the red light camera rule to be enforced.  This measure failed in the Texas Senate although in 2005, four intersections in downtown Houston were used as testbeds for red light camera equipment.  After a contract was approved, the enforcement went online September 1, 2006 to which those running a red light (there are 50 locations) are fined a $75 civil fine as opposed to a $225 moving violation which goes against the vehicle operator.

There are fifty intersections with red light cameras in the city with cameras (twenty intersections were added where dual cameras were installed).  A majority of them are located at a thoroughfare at a freeway intersection - primarily in the Galleria and southwest Houston.  During a Houston City Council meeting on 6.11.08, council member James Rodriguez suggested the installation of an additional 200 cameras.

A voter referendum during the 2010 Texas gubernatorial elections to eliminate red-light cameras passed. The referendum that passed in November 2010 was later invalidated by U.S. District Judge Lynn Hughes June 17, 2011 citing that the referendum violated the city charter despite the contract with American Traffic Solutions, which provided the camera equipment.  The cameras were expected to be reactivated after midnight on July 24, 2011; plans were underway to have this judicial ruling heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.

Mobility Response Team
On July 2, 2007, Mayor Bill White started a new program called the "Mobility Response Team".
Staffed by traffic enforcement officers patrol within the loop clearing traffic problems. They report traffic light outages, issue parking citations, help clear and direct traffic around minor accidents, or traffic jams during special events in the area. The duties will only involve surface streets and not the freeways and will be using scooters and police cruisers fitted with yellow flashing lights rather than the typical red and blue lights.

This was part of the mayor's plan to improve mobility in city and is the first of its kind in the United States. The city's mobility response team cost $1.8 million a year to operate.

Overtime and "Hot Spot" patrol concentration
Hurtt spent around $24 million on overtime pay through 2010. That money would continue to bolster an understaffed force as police commanders try to increase their ranks.
The overtime that is planned would be about equal to 500,000 police hours of which would help bolster various departments including, vice, Westside patrol and traffic enforcement, among other areas including a new 60-member crime reduction unit that will serve as a citywide tactical squad.

The police chief said the effort will put more officers to work immediately in troubled areas of the city such as Third Ward and Acres Homes, where the bodies of seven women have been found in the past two years.

The crime rate, particularly for violent offenses, since the latter part of 2005, when an influx of hurricane evacuees increased the city's population by more than 100,000, and incidents spiked in certain neighborhoods.

Use of violence by the police
In 2013 Jo DePrang of the Texas Observer wrote that "According to citizens, community activists, a veteran Houston police officer and even the president of the local police union, the scenario of multiple officers beating an unarmed suspect happens nearly every day." From circa 2007-2013 there were 588 times observers reported what they deemed inappropriate "use of force", and the internal affairs division dismissed 584 of them, with the other four being pursued.

Pecan Park raid

Helicopter crash
In the morning of May 2, 2020, HPD's helicopter crashed in an apartment complex in north Houston, killing officer Jason Knox and injuring another.

Shooting
On June 20, 2021, 46 year old Lewis Trinidad Nunez shot his girlfriend and her mother.

Organization

The Houston Police Department is headed by a chief of police appointed by the mayor and confirmed by the city council.  This position is aided by two executive assistant chiefs, ten assistant chiefs, 44 captains, approximately 220 lieutenants and 900 sergeants. HPD headquarters, 1200 Travis, is in Downtown Houston. The current Chief of Police is Troy Finner.

HPD divides the city into 13 patrol divisions.  Each division is divided into one or more districts and each district is divided further into one or more beats. Stations are operated and staffed 24 hours a day. HPD also operates 29 store front locations throughout the city. These store fronts are not staffed 24 hours a day, and generally open at either 7:00 or 8:00 AM, and close at 5:00 PM.  Downtown Houston is patrolled by the Downtown Division, and the Houston Airport System facilities have their own divisions.

A map of all stations and store front locations can be found at the HPD web site.

The Houston Police Department administrative offices and investigative offices are at 1200 Travis in Downtown Houston. The 61 Riesner site houses the HPD central patrol office, the municipal jail, and the transportation department. The 33 Artesian facility houses the communication and maintenance facilities. In December 2013 the city announced that it has plans to build a new headquarters for HPD and the city courts. By the end of 1989 the police department had established 19 storefronts and planned to open 10 additional storefronts in 1990.

Patrol vehicles
As of 2015, the department uses a large number of Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptors as their main fleet of patrol vehicles which was first ordered in 1996 replacing the Chevrolet Caprice 9C1 (used between 1988 and in patrol service until 2004 (replacing the Ford LTD Crown Victoria squads to 1987 along with M-bodied Mopars (primarily the Plymouth Gran Fury (both R and M platform) last used in 1989)). They have Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor models from dating from 1999 to 2011. Since Ford no longer produces the "crown Vic" (procurement of the Crown Vic ended in April 2011 when the orders were filled), The department has chosen to phase in the Chevy Tahoe PPV and Ford Police Interceptor Utility (Explorer) as the successor to the Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. The department is continuing to test new Chevy Caprice PPV models and Ford Taurus Interceptors (including the fifth-generation Explorer) as well - the test mules as of 2015 have been integrated into the mainstream vehicle fleet.  It also uses pickup trucks from the Big Three, such as the Chevrolet Colorado, Ford F150, and Dodge Ram for their Truck Enforcement Unit. There is also a small fleet of Dodge Chargers and Chevrolet Camaros, which are mainly used as "stealth traffic patrol vehicles" (which is part of the Traffic Enforcement division). The stealth vehicles are plain white police cars with a slicktop roof and gray, reflective "HOUSTON POLICE" graphics on the side as well as on the front bumper, and hidden emergency lights that are driven by uniformed officers. The Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor is also used in this manner - as of late 2011 the stealth patrol vehicles are now painted black. The stealth squads have been supplemented with 14 Ford Taurus Police Interceptors in early 2014 (painted black). Solo (motorcycle) officers use Harley-Davidson motorcycles.  The patrol vehicle livery, painted white with blue lettered graphics dating back to 1999 (which replaced the Columbia Blue livery last used in 1998 and retired a decade later), is being phased out for a black and white color scheme where 100 vehicles are painted from $60,000 earmarked from asset forfeiture funds (under HPD policy the previous livery is still used in service until official retirement). HPD squads are usually retired when the vehicle reaches 100,000 miles (they are not reassigned to reserve or secondary duty as with the Austin or San Antonio PD after 80,000 miles) - some squads dating over 10 model years old which are no longer used for patrol duty are usually reassigned either as bait squads (HPD will park an unmanned squad in a high crime area or illegal dumping site) or the Mobility Response Division - the older HPD fleet used by Mobility Response have been retired and replaced with Ford F150 extended cab pickup trucks from the Truck Enforcement Unit. Around 2016 the Houston Chronicle revealed that some of the older squads are still in service but the breakdown rate has increased - a 100,000 mile marked squad (or 120,000 mile unmarked vehicle) has the life expectancy of an automobile with 300,000 miles with regular maintenance. At the time HPD ordered 50 new Ford Police Interceptor Utilities for the command staff but not the mainstream vehicle fleet (the department has procured newer vehicles but the budget crunch has taken in a few new orders whilst the older squads are still operational. A budget crunch in major Texas cities is partly to blame where municipal budgets are usually slashed including priority spending for first responders. Most modern HPD Patrol cars today are Blue and white saying " HOUSTON POLICE" on the side. Newer models use a mixture of black and white paint now with 911 EMERGENCY listed on the rear side of the car or truck.

Air support

The Houston Police Helicopter Division celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2010.  The unit was formed with three leased Schweizer-Hughes 269B helicopters and has flown almost exclusively Schweizer or McDonnell Douglas helicopters. With 16 helicopters, the division is the third largest air support unit in the United States after the Los Angeles Police Department and Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department. In 2008 the department acquired new MD500E helicopters. The department also has Schweizer 300 helicopters for training.

The helicopter division patrols about a  area.  HPD has two helicopters in the air for up to 21 hours a day. All pilots and tactical flight officers are sworn Houston police officers.

Weapons

Most Houston police officers now carry SIG Sauer P229, SIG Sauer P226, SIG Sauer P220, Glock 22, Glock 23 or the Smith & Wesson M&P40 .40 (S&W) caliber semi-automatic handguns. They are also armed with TASER X26 tasers. Tenured officers whose handguns are "grandfathered in" are still allowed to carry their weapons after the mandated .40 (S&W) requirement. This allows some officers to still carry .38 Special, .357 Magnum, .44 Magnum, and .45 Colt revolvers. Chief Charles McClelland while chief, carried a Colt 1911 Mk. IV Government Model as his sidearm. Officers are also allowed to carry an AR-15 rifle, Ruger Mini-14 rifle, Remington 870 shotgun, Benelli M1 Super 90 shotgun and M2 Super 90 shotgun. The SWAT unit uses several kinds of automatic weapons, and was the first local law enforcement agency in the United States to adopt the FN P90 Personal Defense Weapon. Former Chief Art Acevedo carried a Smith & Wesson M&P and it is also the standard sidearm of the Austin Police Department from which he came.

As of November 2013, HPD has allowed officers to carry pistols chambered in .45 ACP. The Glock 21, SIG Sauer P227, and Smith & Wesson M&P 45 are approved sidearms for uniformed officers. Plainclothes officers may carry the Glock 30 and Smith & Wesson M&P 45c. Also in 2013, HPD began to issue the TASER X2 in place of the TASER X26.

As of September 2015, M1911 pistols in 9mm, .40 S&W, and .45 ACP are authorized for uniformed officers as well as 9mm and .45 ACP versions of all previously authorized pistols. Plainclothes officers are now authorized to carry the Glock 43 or Smith & Wesson M&P Shield as their primary weapon.

As of January 2016, the Sig Sauer P320 in 9mm, .40 S&W, and .45 ACP is approved for uniformed officers to carry. Also, EOTech electronic optical sights have been removed from the list of red dot sights that are allowed on patrol rifles. However, Aimpoint electronic optical sights are still allowed.

Officers graduating from Cadet Class 231 or later are only authorized to carry the Sig Sauer P320, the Glock 17, or the Smith & Wesson M&P in 9mm as their primary weapon while in uniform.

Ranks
These are the current ranks of the Houston Police Department:

Those with the rank of sergeant or above are supervisors and are issued gold badges whereas officers are issued silver badges.

Lieutenants and above may also be referred to as commanders. For example, they hold position titles including "shift commander", "night commander", "division commander", etc. They are also exempt employees under the Fair Labor Standards Act due to their managerial responsibilities.

After 12 years of HPD service and obtaining a TCOLE Master Peace Officer certification, an officer becomes a senior officer. This rank was created in 2001.

Promotion to sergeant through captain all occur via a civil service formula that factors into account performance on the written examination for the respective rank, assessment score, years of service, and level of higher education or 4 years of military service. Officers are eligible to take the sergeant's promotion exam after 5 years of service. Sergeants and lieutenants are eligible to take the promotion exam of the next higher rank after 2 years of service in their current rank. Candidates for lieutenant must hold at least 65 college hours or an associate degree. Candidates for the rank of commander must hold at least a bachelor's degree.

Assistant chiefs and executive assistant chiefs are appointed by the chief with the approval of the mayor. Such individuals must hold at least a master's degree and have 5 years of HPD service.

It is not required to move through every rank below to achieve a higher rank. For example, many officers promote directly to sergeant without ever being senior officers. Also, many assistant chiefs are promoted directly from the rank of lieutenant. Councilman C.O. Bradford was promoted to assistant chief from the rank of sergeant. Jack Heard was promoted to chief from the rank of sergeant. It is entirely possible to become chief as an outsider such as in the case of Lee Brown, who went on to become mayor, and Harold Hurtt.

Defunct ranks include detective, commissioner, captain, inspector, and deputy chief. Inspector fell under assistant chief and resided directly above captain, until the rank retired in 1978. In the mid-1980s, all active duty detectives were reclassified to sergeants. Originally, officers could choose to promote to detective (investigator) or sergeant (supervisor) which were both immediately below lieutenant.

In 2018, the rank of captain was converted to commander with a change of rank insignia from double gold bars to one gold star.

George Seber was promoted to assistant chief in either 1953 or 1954 and was second in command of the department. However, that rank ended when he left in 1969. Inspectors were then the second highest ranking and Chief Pappy Bond converted that rank to deputy chief. After the rank of assistant chief was re-instituted in the mid-1970s, the deputy chief rank was third highest for a time. Circa 1990, the rank of deputy chief was abolished. In 1998, the executive assistant chief rank was created, making it the second highest rank.

Supervisors may also be appointed under certain circumstances to act in the next higher rank during an absence from duty of their supervisor. For example, a patrol sergeant might be appointed as the acting lieutenant (shift commander) if there would be no other lieutenants on duty within that division. Per policy, officers cannot be appointed as acting sergeants (supervisors).

Fallen officers
Since the establishment of the Houston Police Department, 115 officers have died in the line of duty. The following list also contains officers from the Houston Airport Police Department and the Houston City Marshal's Office, which were merged into HPD.

The Houston Police Officers Memorial, designed by Texas artist Jesús Moroles, opened in 1991 to honor the duty and sacrifices of members of the department.

Demographics
Breakdown of the makeup of the rank and file of HPD:
Male: 88%
Female: 12%
White: 37%
African-American/Black: 18%
Hispanic: 42%
Asian: 3%
Breakdown of the types of academic degrees held by HPD members:
Associate degree: 311
Bachelor's Degree: 1750
Master's Degree: 575
Doctorate Degree: 46
Total number of members with a degree: 2,682

Misconduct

Joe Campos Torres

In May 1977, Joe Campos Torres (1954 - May 5, 1977), a 23-year-old Vietnam War veteran, was arrested for disorderly conduct at a bar in Houston's predominantly Hispanic East End neighborhood. Six Houston police officers took Torres to a spot called "The Hole" next to Buffalo Bayou and beat him. The officers then took Torres to the city jail, where they were ordered to take him to the hospital. Instead of taking Torres to the hospital, the officers took him back to the banks of Buffalo Bayou where he was pushed into the water. Torres' body was found two days later.

In June 2021, police chief Troy Finner apologized to the Torres family, calling the killing "straight-up murder."

Chad Holley beating

Chad Holley was a sophomore at Elsik High School at the time of his arrest in March 2010 as an alleged burglary suspect. There appeared to be obvious abuse by Houston police officers immediately prior to his arrest that was captured on a security camera video which was leaked to the public. Holley was eventually found guilty and sentenced to probation until age 18. The incident resulted in 12 officers being disciplined, fired, or charged. All appealed the decisions.
Officer Andrew Blomberg, the first of four officers to go on trial, was acquitted of charges of "Official Oppression".

Tracie Bell
In September 2010, Officer Tracie Bell was sentenced to sixteen years in prison for stealing over $100,000 from American Red Cross funds earmarked for survivors of hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Bell and another officer contracted with the charity to run a basketball camp for young people displaced by the storms. They inflated the number of persons they claimed attended in order to gain additional funds.

Ruben Trejo
In April 2011, Sergeant Ruben Trejo crashed his private vehicle into a school bus while driving to work. Tests showed he had twice the legal limit of alcohol in his blood. Trejo was fired from the department.

Rape kits
In August 2011, press reports stated that the department held more than 7,000 used rape kits that had never been tested. Some of these kits dated back 20 years.

Abraham Joseph
In October 2012, Officer Abraham Joseph was sentenced to life in prison for raping a handcuffed woman in the back of his police car. During the sentencing phase of the trial, two other women came forward claiming that Joseph had also raped them.

Death of Brian Claunch
In June 2013, a grand jury refused to indict Officer Matthew Marin after he shot and killed Brian C. Claunch on September 22, 2012. Claunch, who was mentally ill and confined to a wheelchair, threatened a police officer with a ballpoint pen. Marin then shot him, resulting in his death.

Darrin DeWayne Thomas
In August 2013, Officer Darrin DeWayne Thomas pleaded guilty to theft of $700. Thomas was caught in an October 2010 sting operation where he thought he had been left with the money unobserved. He was sentenced to two years of probation and agreed to surrender his Texas peace officer's license. He was expected to have no criminal record upon completing his probation.

Adan Jimenez Carranza
In October 2013, Officer Adan Jimenez Carranza pleaded guilty to "attempted sexual assault" for raping a woman in the back of his patrol car after investigating a minor traffic accident. He was sentenced to ten years in prison and twenty years on the state's sex offender registry. Carranza was expected to be eligible for parole after six months in prison.

Gerald Goines
In late February 2020, the Harris County District Attorney asked local courts to appoint lawyers to represent 69 people who had been convicted based on the testimony of Officer Gerald Goines. Goines was accused of creating a fictitious informant and making other false statements to obtain a search warrant that resulted in two deaths in a raid on a home in January 2019. Goines' misconduct threw into doubt a number of convictions based on his testimony.

Major officer awards
Chief of Police Commendation: may be presented to any department employee who demonstrated a high degree of professional excellence or initiative through the success of initiating, developing, or implementing difficult projects, programs, or investigations. The performance shall not have involved personal hazard to the individual.
Medal of Valor: may be presented to officers who judiciously performed voluntary acts of conspicuous gallantry and extraordinary heroism above and beyond the call of duty, knowing that taking such action presented a clear threat to their lives.
Lifesaving Award: may be presented to any classified or civilian employee when a person would more than likely have died or suffered permanent brain damage if not for the employee's actions. The act must clearly indicate the employee did at least one of the following: (a) rendered exceptional first aid or (b) made a successful rescue (e.g. from a burning building or vehicle, or from drowning).
Blue Heart Award: may be presented to officers who received life-threatening injuries while acting judiciously and in the line of duty. Officers may be eligible to receive the Blue Heart Award in conjunction with another award such as the Meritorious Service Award or the Lifesaving Award. Injuries due to negligence or minor injuries not requiring hospitalization are not eligible.
Meritorious Service Award: may be presented to officers who have distinguished themselves by one of the following: (a) conduct during a criminal investigation or law enforcement action while demonstrating a high level of courage or (b) actions resulting in the apprehension of a felon under dangerous or unusual circumstances.
Award of Excellence: may be presented to classified or civilian employees who have distinguished themselves on or off duty by outstanding service to HPD or the community. Employees must have demonstrated a high degree of dedication and professionalism in an endeavor that does not meet any other award criteria.
Hostile Engagement Award: may be presented to officers who acted judiciously in the line of duty and performed acts upholding the high standards of the law enforcement profession while engaging in hostile confrontations with suspects wielding deadly weapons. Individuals who sustained non-life-threatening or minor injuries resulting from an assault by a deadly weapon are also eligible.
Humanitarian Service Award: may be presented to any individual (employee or not) who demonstrated a voluntary act of donating time, physical effort, financial support, or special talent promoting the safety, health, education, or welfare of citizens. The individual is not eligible if there was any personal gain, financial compensation, special services, or privileges in exchange for the act.
Public Service Award: may be presented to any individual outside the department who voluntarily acted in circumstances requiring unusual courage or heroism while assisting a police officer or other citizen. Those who do not meet the above criteria, but provided a measure of assistance, shall be sent a letter and a Certificate of Appreciation (no citation page) signed by the Chief of Police.
Chief of Police Unit Citation: may be presented to two or more employees who performed an act or a series of acts over a period of time that demonstrated exceptional bravery or outstanding service to the department or the community. Their combined efforts as a functioning team must have resulted in the attainment of a departmental goal(s) and increased the department's effectiveness and efficiency.

See also

 List of law enforcement agencies in Texas
 Houston Blue - A book about the police department
 Crime in Houston

References

External links

 Official website of the Houston Police Department
 Official website of the Houston Police Officers' Union

Government of Houston
Municipal police departments of Texas
1841 establishments in the Republic of Texas


text:
Harambee
Haylard Park
Brewers Hill
Hay Market
Loans & Grants
They're Hiring!
Who's Here
Schlitz Park
Happens Here
Garfield Days
About BID 8
History of Milwaukee's Bronzeville
Milwaukee's Bronzeville neighborhood is bordered by North Avenue on the north, State Street on the south, Third Street on the east, and 12th Street on the west, with Walnut Street historically the economic hub of the neighborhood. The name Bronzeville is in fact "a generic term given to an area in a city in which the majority is populated by African Americans or people of African descent." Between 1910 and 1950, many of these African-American communities emerged in northern cities. Northern employment opportunities, southern segregation and Jim Crow all prompted the "Great Northern Migration" from the South. Confined to a specific neighborhood in most northern and Midwestern cities, these areas were referred to as "Black Metropolis", the "black belt", or, most commonly, Bronzeville.
Despite the economic and social struggles for those who inhabited these emerging communities in the early-20th century, a sense of vibrancy prevailed in these areas. In a 1993 op-ed in Milwaukee Magazine, Dave Luhrssen recalls of Milwaukee's Bronzeville – "It was a ghetto in the sense that walls of prejudice enclosed its residents, but it wasn't a slum." Similarly, community activist Paul Geenen notes that "times were hard, but the community was tight." Anthropologist Ivory Black describes the area as a "city within a city", and columnist Richard Carter echoes this sentiment of self-identity and sufficiency by saying the area even had its own (unofficial) mayor. A vibrant commercial corridor that met the needs of its residents, a nightlife scene that drew patrons across racial lines, numerous churches and community institutions to instill collective values – all combined to form a framework for a neighborhood with strong social capital and collective efficacy. Despite the economic hurdles and racially-charged policies aimed at suppressing this community, the area thrived socially, up until its unceremonious destruction in the name of urban renewal in the 1960's.
For additional information, please click here.
Historic King Drive BID #8
2745 N. Dr. Martin Luther King Drive - Suite 206
info@kingdriveis.com
© 2020 Historic King Drive BID 8. All Rights Reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


WQXR, the New York Comedy Festival, and Carolines on Broadway are teaming up to present the WQXR Classical Comedy Contest. Classical musicians with a funny side and comedians with a classical music side from all across the country are submitting their classical comedy videos with the hope of being chosen for a coveted spot among the finalists who will perform at Carolines on Broadway as part of the 2011 New York Comedy Festival before a panel of celebrity judges including Peter Schickele, Robert Klein, Charles Hamlen, and Deborah Voigt.
Online submissions are being accepted now through 11:50 PM EST on October 10. Details and rules at: www.wqxr.org/comedy.


The weighing system proposed can be buried or installed above ground, the platform will directly support the load cells.
The indication will be numerical and weight information will be taken through a weight indicator that has a serial interface required for connecting to a PC, which will be delivered a software system.
Weighing platform can have different sizes 15, 18, 24 m. Metal is composed of modules that are filled with concrete.
The weighing system shows the advantages of extremely high reliability, excellent protection from lightning, the total lack of maintenance and a very high accuracy in weighing on stbilitatea structure.
The weighing system proposed will result by eliminating mechanical lever system and through minor changes to existing concrete foundation.


text:
PRS and MCPS
Paying our members
Licensing music
Protecting music
Supporting music
Payment dates
Report live performances
Your statement
Registering works
Amending works
Searching works
How copyright works
Joining as a member
Buying a licence
Webinars and video tutorials
Want to join?Start here
PRS and PPL announce joint venture
PRS for Music and PPL have today announced a joint venture focused on public performance licensing across the UK.
By Anita Awbi
The new company, jointly and equally owned by the two collecting societies, will focus on serving all existing and new PPL and PRS for Music public performance licensing customers.
Currently, businesses such as pubs, shops and hairdressers need to take out a public performance licence with both PRS for Music and PPL if they perform copyright music on their premises to staff and/or customers.
This new venture will streamline the experience for customers obtaining these licences, allowing them to secure a joint PPL and PRS for Music licence with a single phone call or a few clicks on the web, paid for with a single invoice.
Over the coming months, the organisations will undertake preparatory work for the joint venture, including engagement with regulators and other key stakeholders.
The new company is expected to start licensing in 2017, followed by a 12-month transition period. It is likely that it will be located in a UK city outside the M25.
Robert Ashcroft, PRS for Music chief executive, said: 'Creating a single point of contact for our UK public performance customers would allow us to significantly simplify music licensing for UK businesses. It is in our members' and customers' interests to ensure that our licensing is ever more accurate and efficient. A joint venture between our organisations would be a landmark event for both societies.'
Peter Leathem, PPL chief executive, added: 'Both our organisations firmly believe that the proposed joint venture would be a very positive development for both our customers and our members, building on the successful joint licensing solutions and other joint working initiatives that PPL and PRS for Music have delivered over the last few years.'
PRS for Music members can find out more about what this joint venture means for them in this statement from Karen Buse, the organisation's executive director of membership and international: http://www.prsformusic.com/creators/news/businessnews/Pages/PRSforMusicPPLplanjointventure.aspx
© 2022 PRS for Music
AA Title
We use cookies to improve your experience on our website, assess how you use our website and for website security purposes. By continuing to navigate this website, we'll assume you agree to this. Read more about what cookies do and how to adjust your settings here.
No please don't
Switching your account...


text:
>> Politics and Government
>> Nevada
Nevada bans new residential wells in Pahrump over groundwater decline
The unprecedented order issued this week by State Engineer Jason King prohibits new domestic wells anywhere in the Pahrump Valley unless property owners first purchase existing water rights.
By Henry Brean Las Vegas Review-Journal
Updated December 21, 2017 - 10:32 pm
Nevada State Engineer Jason King listens to public comment during a subcommittee hearing at the Legislative Building in Carson City, Nev., on Friday, Aug. 26, 2016. (Cathleen Allison/Las Vegas Review-Journal)
Nevada's top water regulator has ordered a halt to residential well drilling in Pahrump in hopes of slowing the decline of the community's overtaxed groundwater supply.
The unprecedented order issued Tuesday by State Engineer Jason King prohibits new domestic wells anywhere in the Pahrump Valley unless property owners first purchase existing water rights.
King said the groundwater basin that supplies Nye County's largest town is "severely over-appropriated" and cannot support the addition of new wells on top of existing water rights.
Click to see a larger image.
According to state estimates, approximately 20,000 acre-feet of water a year can be pumped sustainably from the ground beneath Pahrump, but more than 59,000 acre-feet of water rights have been issued in the valley.
That total does not include the water that is allowed to be withdrawn from Pahrump's roughly 11,000 existing domestic wells.
No other basin in Nevada has a higher concentration of such wells, King said. In one square mile, some 489 domestic wells have been drilled into the water table.
'You have to draw the line'
"You have to draw the line somewhere," said Oz Wichman, general manager of the Nye County Water District. "You can't keep stacking on more commitments for additional water."
The district sent a letter to King on Dec. 11, urging him to enact the moratorium on domestic wells.
Elsewhere in Nevada, state law allows property owners who live outside the service area of a water utility to sink a well and pump up to 2 acre-feet of water a year without a water right.
In Pahrump, a new domestic well can't be drilled until the property owner signs over to the state 2 acre-feet of existing water rights to offset the new well's draw on the aquifer.
One acre-foot is enough water to supply two average Las Vegas Valley homes for a little more than a year.
King notes in his order that groundwater levels have declined steadily in Pahrump since the 1950s, despite numerous efforts by the state engineer to regulate pumping and stabilize the aquifer.
He also cites projections from the Nye County Water District showing that continued declines in the water table could cause more than 400 wells to fail by 2035 and more than 3,000 to fail by 2065.
King's order only applies to new domestic wells, not existing wells that need to be deepened, repaired or replaced.
News spreads 'like lightning'
Wichman said Thursday that news of the state's new water directive has spread through Pahrump "like lightning," and with it has come misinformation, confusion and "a fair bit of anger."
He said the order is not meant to stunt development in the Pahrump Valley, which he believes can sustain about 80,000 residents, more than double the current population, with the water it has now.
"This is not a no-more-growth order. This is a no-more-water-commitments order," he said.
The county water district requested the move to help bring Pahrump's water disparity under control until broader conservation measures and other management strategies can be implemented. Wichman hopes to see that comprehensive water management plan in the hands of his board, the Nye County Commission and the state engineer by next spring.
Already, though, the owner of one local well-drilling business is threating legal action over King's order.
"There was no reason for this," said Debra Strickland, president of Strickland Construction and a 43-year resident of Pahrump. "For our own water board to do this to us, it just befuddles me."
As far as Strickland is concerned, Pahrump doesn't have a shortage of water so much as a surplus of water rights on the books. She said the state is trying to solve what amounts to an accounting problem by punishing property owners and businesses like hers.
Well driller says she's out of business
Strickland said 14 of her customers just had their applications to drill domestic wells denied by the state engineer's office.
"It impacted my business $50,000," she said. "Today I'm not in the well-drilling business anymore."
The situation is even worse for property owners, Strickland said. They can expect to pay thousands or even tens of thousands of dollars more to have a new well put in as increased demand drives up the cost of water rights.
Earlier this year, she said, she could buy water rights for about $2,400 an acre-foot. "I imagine they'll be up to 10,000 (dollars) an acre-foot by next year."
Strickland already has begun assembling a coalition of local well owners, contractors, drillers and real estate agents to challenge the order in court.
Wichman isn't surprised.
"Any time that you touch the subject matter of water, it's controversial," he said. "When you live in the driest state in the union, that comes with the territory."
Order prohibiting the drilling of new domestic wells in Pahrump by Las Vegas Review-Journal on Scribd
Contact Henry Brean at hbrean@reviewjournal.com or 702-383-0350. Follow @RefriedBrean on Twitter.
A town in transition
Pahrump has a water problem, but the situation is not as bad as it could be, according to State Engineer Jason King.
For one thing, residents there aren't pumping anywhere close to as much groundwater as they could be.
The town of about 39,000 people is home to roughly 11,000 domestic wells, each of which is allowed to draw up to 2 acre-feet annually. Instead, the average well owner actually uses about half an acre foot a year, King said.
In fact, total water use in Pahrump is significantly lower now than it was back in the 1960s, when it was a small farmingcommunity with no paved roads or telephone service.
At that time, King said, approximately 40,000 acre-feet was being pumped to grow cotton and other crops, causing springsto run dry and the ground to subside in some places.
Today, the community consumes between 13,000 and 16,000 acre-feet of groundwater annually, King said, though thegroundwater levels in the valley continue to decline.
— Henry Brean
Posted on: Local, Local Nevada, Nevada, News, Politics and Government, Science and Technology
Politics Videos
Trumps Strength is also a Weakness - Video
One of Donald Trump's greatest strengths — his ability to shape national narratives — is also a great weakness.
Tax the Rich Bus Tour makes a stop in Las Vegas - Video
The Tax the Rich Bus has stopped in Las Vegas as part of its summer tour. (Las Vegas Review-Journal)
Assemblywoman Daniele Monroe-Moreno hosts BBQ - Video
Assembly Woman Daniele Monroe-Moreno hosts BBQ to bring the community together to hear about the candidates up for election and for people to gather and have fun.
Democrat Virtual Caucus - Video
Elizabeth Warren visits Las Vegas
Senator Elizabeth Warren made a campaign stop at the East Las Vegas Community Center on Tuesday July 2, 2019. (Mat Luschek / Review-Journal)
Aaron Ford Speaks About Bill AB431
AB431 is a bill sponsored by Nevada Assembly Speaker Jason Frierson to restore the right to vote for formerly incarcerated individuals. Attorney General Aaron Ford spoke at the AM&E Church in North Las Vegas about the bill, on Monday, July 1, 2019. (Mat Luschek/Las Vegas Review-Journal)
The Right Take: Biden's Racially Questionable Comments
Joe Biden has uttered racially charged statements for years. Now that he's the frontrunner for the Democrat presidential nomination, he may finally face prolonged scrutiny for them.
Christopher Rufo Discusses Homelessness In The USA - VIDEO
Christopher Rufo discusses homelessness in the United States and how politicians can work to improve conditions for those with drug addictions.
Clark County 2019 Election Results - Video
The 2019 Elections wrap up in Clark County including an upset in the Boulder City Mayor race.
Olivia Diaz talks about her win in Ward 3 - VIDEO
Las Vegas City Councilwoman-elect Olivia Diaz talks about her election win in Ward 3 and what lies ahead for her.
Greene discusses Read by 3 and Opportunity Scholarships - VIDEO
The Nevada Legislative Session is over and the results are mixed for Nevada students, according to Tom Greene, Senior regional legislative director, Excel in Ed in Action.
Bernie Sanders visits Las Vegas
Sen. Bernie Sanders made a stop at Roy W. Martin middle school on Thursday, during his campaign trail.
Kamala Harris campaigns in Las Vegas
Democratic Sen. Kamala Harris castigated President Donald Trump's merit-based immigration plan, saying it was "short-sighted" and overlooked the cultural significance of family, during a campaign stop in Las Vegas. "We cannot allow people to start parsing and pointing fingers and creating hierarchies among immigrants," Harris told Asian Pacific Islander leaders at a Chinatown restaurant, one of two appearances she made Thursday.
The Right Take New Education Funding Plan - VIDEO
On Monday, Senate Education Committee chair Mo Denis, D-Las Vegas, released a new education funding formula. For years, many Democrat politicians have criticized the current education funding formula, called the Nevada Plan. They claim it's old and outdated. Their biggest beef is that it doesn't allocate more money for students who are English Language Learners or live in poverty. The theory is that it's harder to educate those students and so they need additional services, which costs additional money.
Kamala Harris campaigns in Nevada
California Senator Kamala Harris meets with One APIA Nevada, a nonprofit organization that advocates for policies empowering Asian Pacific Islander Nevadans. (Michael Quine/Las Vegas Review-Journal)
Ben Carson talks housing (Audio only)
Ben Carson discusses housing with the Review-Journal editorial board on Thursday. (Audio only)
Ben Carson visits the RJ (Full Audio Only)
Former Vice President Joe Biden campaigns in Nevada
After campaigning at the International Union of Painters and Allied Trades District Council 16 in Henderson, former Vice President Joe Biden spoke with the Review-Journal.
Student serenades Mayor Carolyn Goodman at swearing in
Students from the school she founded, The Meadows School, serenaded Las Vegas Mayor Carolyn Goodman during a swearing in ceremony for her third and final term. (K.M. Cannon/Las Vegas Review-Journal) @KMCannonPhoto
Al Gore Speaks At UNLV About Climate Change - Video
Former Vice President of the United States Al Gore talks to an audience at UNLV about the effects of Climate change and how to switch to renewable sources of energy.
Forum on Wages and Working People Highlights - VIDEO
Presidential candidates Elizabeth Warren, Beto O'Rourke, Kamala Harris, Amy Klobuchar, Julian Castro, and John Hickenlooper speak in Las Vegas, Nevada.
Nevada Politics Today Valerie Weber - VIDEO
Valerie Weber sits down with Victor Joecks to discuss her policies and why she is running for Ward 2 of the Las Vegas City Council.
Cory Booker speaks at UNLV
US Senator Cory Booker speaks at UNLV during a Young Democrats meet and greet on Thursday, April 18, 2019. (Mat Luschek / Review-Journal)
House committee OKs bill by Titus for airport signs
By Gary Martin / RJ
July 17, 2019 - 11:54 am July 17, 2019 - 2:38 pm
The House Homeland Security Committee approved a bill by Rep. Dina Titus, D-Nev., Wednesday to translate airport signs into multiple languages to assist tourists and others who don't speak English.
House votes to condemn Trump over 'racist' remarks
Congress voted to condemn President Donald Trump for "racist' comments Tuesday in wake of war of words between him and four minority women lawmakers.
DOE may have mistakenly shipped dangerous nuclear materials to Nevada
By Colton Lochhead / RJ
July 10, 2019 - 12:57 pm July 10, 2019 - 6:22 pm
The U.S. Department of Energy may have mistakenly shipped "reactive" nuclear material that was incorrectly labeled into Nevada.
Chancellor of Nevada college system to leave post in 2020
By Aleksandra Appleton / RJ
Nevada System of Higher Education Chancellor Thom Reilly will not seek an extension after his three-year term ends in 2020, an aide announced Wednesday.
Nevada lands $226K in federal telemedicine grants for rural counties
Elko and Lyon counties will use the money to buy video-interactive equipment that will help with treatment for opioid abuse, Sen. Jacky Rosen's office says.
US women's soccer team invited to celebrate World Cup win in Nevada
By Tony Garcia / RJ
Nevada Gov. Steve Sisolak is offering a celebration at the governor's mansion in Carson City to the U.S. women's national team after its victory in the Women's World Cup.
Nevada to launch caucus voting by phone for 2020
By Blake Apgar / RJ
July 8, 2019 - 7:40 am July 8, 2019 - 6:33 pm
Democrats across the state will get the chance to caucus by phone for the first time next year. Party officials said the goal is to make the process more accessible.
Lawsuit alleges bribery, corruption tied to Nevada DMV contract
By Arthur Kane / RJ
July 5, 2019 - 9:32 am July 7, 2019 - 12:07 am
Nevada state employees delayed the implementation of a DMV computer modernization because the contractor failed to pay them as much as $4 million in bribes, a lawsuit alleges.
New law restores felons' right to vote in Nevada
Elected officials and advocates on Monday celebrated a new law that will allow convicted felons to vote once they are released from prison.
Take a look at Nevada's new laws and how they may affect you
By Steve Sebelius / RJ
July 1, 2019 - 12:32 am July 1, 2019 - 12:32 am
Nearly 300 new laws passed by the 2019 session of the Nevada Legislature go into effect July 1, ranging from crimes and punishments to education, health care, taxes.


text:
The text comes from the Bukovina Society of the Americas.
The maps have been drawn by A. Andersen and I. Nistor
What is Bukovina and Where is it?
Bukovina: From 1775 to 1918, the easternmost crown land of the Austrian Empire; now divided between Romania and Ukraine. As a multi-ethnic province, its name has several spellings: Bukowina or Buchenland in German, Bukowina in Polish, Bucovina in Romanian, and Bukovyna in Ukrainian, all of which mean Land of Beech Trees. The Bukovina Society of the Americas welcomes everyone with interest in the history and culture of this land.
A Short History of Bukovina
Bukovina, on the eastern slopes of the Carpathian mountains, was once the heart of the Romanian Principality of Moldavia (Moldova), with the city of Suceava being made its capital in 1388. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the Painted Monasteries of Arbora, Dragomirna, Humor, Moldovita, Putna, Sucevita, and Voronet were constructed under the patronage of Stefan the Great and his son Petru Rares. With their famous exterior frescoes, these monasteries remain some of the greatest cultural treasures of Romania, today.
Along with the rest of Romania, Bukovina fell under the control of the Ottoman Turks. It remained in Turkish control until it was occupied by the Russians, in 1769, then by the Austrians, in 1774. With the Treaty of Constantinople in 1775, control of Bukovina was given to the Austrian Empire. Administered as a district of the province of Galicia between 1786-1849, Bukovina was granted the status of an separate crown land and duchy in 1849. When the Austrian Empire was reorganized into the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary, in the Compromise of 1867, Bukovina, like Galicia, remained under Austrian administration, while the neighboring province of Transylvania was placed under Hungarian rule.
During World War I, Bukovina became a battlefield between Austrian and Russian troops. Although the Russians were finally driven out in 1917, Austria would lose Bukovina with the war, ceding the province to Romania in the Treaty of St. Germain.
On June 28, 1940, northern Bukovina was occupied by troops from the Soviet Union. It would change hands again during the course of World War II, but this half of Bukovina ended back in Soviet hands, and is today the Chernivetska oblast of Ukraine. Southern Bukovina is now part of Suceava county, Romania.
Immigration to Bukovina
Bukovina covers an area of 10,422 square kilometers. In the 1775 census of this province, its population was only about 60,000. To encourage the development of this sparsely-settled land, the Austrian emperors subsidized the immigration of colonists to Bukovina. After end of these official immigration programs, colonists would continue to arrive at their own expense. As a result, by the census of 1910, the population of Bukovina had risen to over 800,000.
People of many different ethnic groups took part in this immigration, including Armenians, Hungarians, Jews, Poles, Romanians and Ukrainians (at this time, generally referred to as Ruthenians). German colonists came from three distinct areas: Swabians and Palatines, from what is now Baden-Württemberg and Rheinland-Pfalz, in southwest Germany; German Bohemians, from the Bohemian Forest (Böhmerwald), now in the Czech Republic; and Zipsers, from the Zips mountains, now Spis county, Slovakia.
The Austrians developed excellent system of public education in Bukovina. The major languages of instruction were German, Ukrainian and Romanian.
Emigration from Bukovina
As the population of Bukovina expanded, so did the pressures for emigration. Farmers with large families could no longer divide their homesteads among their children, and industry in Bukovina had never grown to the extent in had elsewhere in the Austrian Empire, or in the New World.
The first wave of Bukovina German emigration began in the 1880's. Most of these emigrants would settle in communities among their Landsleute. These destinations included Ellis, Kansas; Yuma County, Colorado; Naperville, Illinois; Lewis County, Washington; Saskatchewan, Canada; and Rio Negro, Brazil. A second wave of emigration to the Americas took place in the years preceding and following World War I. While some joined those who preceded them in the above mentioned locations, others would find industrial employment in New York City.
World War II would provide the major impetus for the Bukovina Germans to leave their homeland. After the Soviet Union annexed northern Bukovina in 1940 -- while the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact was still in effect -- an agreement between the Soviet Union and Germany, and a similar agreement between Romania and Germany, allowed the ethnic Germans of Bukovina to voluntarily leave for Germany (this agreement obviously did not include the German-speaking Jews of Bukovina, who -- like Jews all across Europe -- would become victims of the Holocaust during the course of the war).
Nearly all the Catholic and Lutheran Bukovina Germans, some 95,000 people, accepted the terms of this resettlement (Umsiedlung) to the Reich. In 1945, many of these, who were sent to German-occupied land in Poland or Czechoslovakia, would find themselves refugees again, fleeing from the advancing Red Army. Many lost their lives and/or belongings.
The fate of these Bukovina Germans was determined by their location at the end of the war. Many would settle in West Germany and Austria (with some emigrating to the United States, Canada, and elsewhere), others in East Germany. Some were forced to return to Romania, from where they were finally granted permission to emigrate again to Germany over the following decades. Only a very small minority of Bukovina Germans remain in Romania or Ukraine, today.
(Please note: most of the above discussion concerns the Bukovina Germans, an ethnic minority that was never more than 10% of the population of the province. This is not meant to slight the history and contributions of the many other ethnic groups of Bukovina -- it is only a result of the fact that most members of the Bukovina Society are descendants of this one group, and most of the resources available to the society only discuss this group. We would welcome references to resources regarding the other ethnic groups of Bukovina, particularly those that might be available on the World-Wide Web.)
Ethno-Linguistic Maps of Bukovina
Click on the map to see the bigger image
BRIEF HISTORY OF MOLDOVA
with historical maps and illustrations


text:
Episode 01: Meet the Reaper/Skeletons in the Water Closet
Episode 02: Opposite Day
Episode 03: Look Alive!
Episode 04: Mortal Dilemma
Episode 05: Get Out of My Head!
Episode 06: Fiend is Like Friend Without the 'R'
Episode 07: Recipe for Disaster
Episode 08: Dumb Wish
Episode 09: Grim Vs. Mom/Tastes like Chicken
Episode 10: Grim or Gregory
Episode 11: Something Stupid This Way Comes
Episode 12: A Grim Suprise
Episode 13: Beast and Barbarians
Episode 14: Hoss Delgato-Spectral Exterminator
Episode 15: To Eris Human
Episode 16: Billy's Growth Spurt
Episode 17: Billy and the Bully
Episode 18: Big Trouble in Billy's Basement
Episode 19: Tickle Me Mandy
Episode 20: Little Rock of Horrors
Episode 21: Dream a Little Dream
The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy - Season 1, Episode 20: Little Rock of Horrors
The ill-tempered Grim Reaper gets into a wager that forces him to become the life-long companions of two scheming youngsters after he loses.
Comedy, Adventure, Horror, Fantasy, Family, Animation
Richard Steven Horvitz, Grey DeLisle, Greg Eagles, Vanessa Marshall, Jennifer Hale, Jane Carr, Rachael MacFarlane, Phil LaMarr, Dee Bradley Baker, Armin Shimerman, Frank Welker, ...»
Juli Murphy, Michel Lyman
Keywords: #Greg Eagles #Grey Griffin #Richard Steven Horvitz #Season 1 #The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy #Vanessa Marshall
Actors Of "The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy - Season 1"
Richard Steven Horvitz
Grey DeLisle
24 August 1973, Fort Ord, California, USA
28 October 1970, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
Vanessa Marshall
19 October 1969, New York City, New York, USA
Jennifer Hale
1 January 1972, Goose Bay, Newfoundland, Canada
Jane Carr
13 August 1950, Loughton, Essex, England, UK
Rachael MacFarlane
21 March 1976, Kent, Connecticut, USA
Phil LaMarr
24 January 1967, Los Angeles, California, USA
Dee Bradley Baker
31 August 1962, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
Armin Shimerman
5 November 1949, Lakewood, New Jersey, USA
12 March 1946, Denver, Colorado, USA
Renee Raudman
Maxwell Atoms
21 January 1974, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
13 July 1962, East Syracuse, New York, USA
24 December 1966, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
B.J. Ward
16 September 1944, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
Billy West
16 April 1952, Detroit, Michigan, USA
Peter Renaday
9 June 1935, Louisiana, USA
Bart Flynn
28 February 1966, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
10 October 1964, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Roger Rose
15 August 1958, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Debi Derryberry
27 September 1960, San Diego County, California, USA
Jess Harnell
23 December 1963, Teaneck, New Jersey, USA
Peter Lurie
Martin Jarvis
4 August 1941, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England, UK
Julian Stone
31 December 1962, Hockley, England, UK
Cam Clarke
6 November 1957, Los Angeles, California, USA
John Kassir
24 October 1957, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
4 March 1948, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
Jonny Rees
21 March 1968, Wigan, Lancashire, England, UK
Amber Hood
Bob Joles
16 July 1959, Glendora, California, USA
24 November 1947, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Gregg Berger
10 December 1950, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
Pat Fraley
18 February 1949, Seattle, Washington, USA
Scott Menville
12 February 1971, Malibu, California, USA
Fred Tatasciore
30 January 1990, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
Michael Gough
3 December 1956, San Jose, California, USA
Candi Milo
9 January 1961, Riverside County, California, USA
31 October 1970, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
14 November 1952, Pratt, Kansas, USA
Henry Gibson
21 September 1935, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Keith Ferguson
26 February 1972, Los Angeles, California, USA
Rob Paulsen
11 March 1956, Detroit, Michigan, USA
Dawnn Lewis
13 August 1961, Brooklyn, New York, USA
Patric Zimmerman
James Arnold Taylor
22 July 1969, Santa Barbara, California, USA
Dave Wittenberg
1 September 1971, Johannesburg, South Africa
10 October 1961, Rockford, Illinois, USA
24 February 1932, Zehner, Saskatchewan, Canada
'Weird Al' Yankovic
23 October 1959, Downey, California, USA
29 July 1941, Manchester, England, UK
6 August 1950, Dayton, Ohio, USA
3 November 1952, Youngstown, Ohio, USA
Barry Dennen
22 February 1938, Chicago, Illinois, USA
C.H. Greenblatt
17 June 1972, Plano, Texas, USA
David L. Lander
22 June 1947, Brooklyn, New York, USA
12 February 1973, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Jill Talley
19 December 1962, Chicago, Illinois, USA
18 September 1939, Shaker Heights, Ohio, USA
Nika Futterman
25 October 1969, New York, USA
7 November 1945, New York City, New York, USA
2 October 1962, Houston, Texas, USA
Jeff Doucette
25 November 1947, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
Paul Eiding
28 March 1957, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
9 December 1952, Luling, Texas, USA
Tom Kane
15 April 1962, Overland Park, Kansas, USA
Kevin Michael Richardson
25 October 1964, Bronx, New York City, New York, USA
Danny Mann
28 July 1951, Mobile, Alabama, USA
Rino Romano
1969, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ronnie Schell
23 December 1931, Richmond, California, USA
Charlie Adler
2 October 1956, Paterson, New Jersey, USA
25 September 1951, Oakland, California, USA
Paula Tiso
Maurice LaMarche
30 March 1958, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Brian Tochi
2 May 1959, Los Angeles, California, USA
Kurtwood Smith
3 July 1943, New Lisbon, Wisconsin, USA
7 August 1955, Cartersville, Georgia, USA
Robin Atkin Downes
6 September 1976, London, England, UK
Joan Van Ark
16 June 1943, New York City, New York, USA
Thom Adcox-Hernandez
13 June 1943, Horsforth, Yorkshire, England, UK
John Cygan
Susanne Blakeslee
18 June 1952, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Louie Anderson
24 March 1953, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Mary Jo Catlett
2 September 1938, Denver, Colorado, USA
30 July 1938, Brooklyn, New York City, New York, USA
28 February 1955, Brooklyn, New York, USA
Charlie Brill
13 January 1938, Brooklyn, New York, USA
David Berón
Jennifer Darling
19 June 1946, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
30 October 1934, London, England, UK
Parul Mercier
Alastair Duncan
1958, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK


Aquachek Trutest pool water test meter is specifically developed for pool and spa owners.
The AquaChek TruTest Digital Test Strip Reader combines the ease and accuracy of AquaChek test strips with advanced digital technology. Now there's no guesswork required to interpret colour results – just dip a test strip in your pool or spa, insert in test strip reader and get fast, accurate digital results in seconds!
• Large, easy-to-read LCD screen that displays test results.
Q: What can I expect for the precision of the test parameters?
It can be noted that as with any test, technique consistency will improve precision results.
Q: What is the dynamic test range for the TruTest?
It should be noted that the Er messages will be displayed when testing pool samples outside of these calibrated test ranges (reference in the manual).
Q: Can I compare the TruTest results to other test methods?
A: The accuracy of the unit should only be compared to visual test methods. This is because the unit is capable of reporting numerical results between colour blocks and therefore the unit can be considered to be more accurate than a visual colorimetric evaluation (involving both human interpretation and interpolation). Digital readout in place of colour interpretation is TruTest's main benefit resonating with many pool/spa owners.
Q: How long will the batteries last? How long will the unit last?
A: The AA batteries should last an entire pool season's worth of testing. The display window will flash "LO" if the batteries are below a certain level of power needed to perform a test. The unit has been developed for the consumer's pool environment. With good cleaning and storage habits, the meter should last longer than 3 years.
Q: Why does the unit sometimes not appear to stay "ON"?
A: The "on" button if depressed quickly on and off can cause conflicts with the software, appearing to not "stay on (or off)". Simply waiting a minute or so before pressing the ON button should help clear the cycle.
Q: What does "LO" in the TA location of the TruTest meter display mean?
A: The meter displays "LO" in the TA location when the battery voltage drops below the permissible limit. Start and Scroll functions are disabled and the meter turns off automatically within 3-5 seconds. Even if the meter is turned ON again, it would turn off after displaying "LO". If a low battery condition is detected during the Test/Run cycle, instead of pool values the meter returns a "LO" on display at the TA location and turns off.
Q: How should I be cleaning my TruTest?
A: A simple, non-abrasive wiping of the test strip window and all other surfaces with clean, fresh water should clear any residual chemicals remaining from pool testing.
Q: What will happen if the meter falls into the pool/spa?
A: The meter was designed to withstand this kind of accidental submersion and should float upon entry into the water. Simply remove the meter, take out the batteries from the battery compartment, dry the battery compartment thoroughly and replace with dry batteries. The meter should return to full performance.
Q: Should I "place" or "slide" the test strip onto the test strip window?
A: It is very important that you do not slide the test strip on the window. This action will result in inaccurate readings. A simple method is to place the first pad nearest the top of the strip onto the window first, then lower the rest of the strip down onto the window. This will ensure that the strip is all the way in and down onto the window.
If ER appears in place of a numerical value – the test result is out of range. The parameter is either too high or too low to be accurately analysed. Note the status level, LO or HI to determine how to treat your water. Re-test after treatment.
If ER2 appears on the screen – there is an error in reading the test strip. Ensure that you are following the test procedure correctly. Use only AquaChek® TruTest instrumental test strips. No other test strip can be used.
If ER3 appears on the screen – no strip is in place or the test strip is positioned incorrectly. The correct position is with the test pads face down in the slot with the top pad all the way to the top.
The AquaChek® TruTest test strips are calibrated to work only with the AquaChek® TruTest test strip reader. Each strip may only be used once. Do not re-dip the strip. Only dip the strip in calm areas of your pool or spa. Ensure you have a fresh supply – keep cap on tight between uses and store at room temperature.


text:
Judge Rohrer to seek former position as District Court II Judge in Forks
Judge Erik Rohrer is planning a return to his former position as District Court II Judge in Forks.
Rohrer, 60, who currently serves as Presiding Judge of Clallam County Superior Court, has been elected five times during his judicial career.
Rohrer explained that "My current superior court position is my dream job — it's a challenging role that I enjoy very much — but when we heard that Judge Doherty didn't plan to run for re-election, it got my wife, Cari, and I talking about our priorities."
"We've lived in the West End for nearly 20 years — we love it here. Cari recently 'retired' from her job as a teacher in Forks—the District Court II position allows us to have a more balanced lifestyle and gives us a chance to get back to some of the things that brought us out here in the first place."
Rohrer followed (current) Supreme Court Justice Susan Owens as the District Court II Judge when he was originally appointed to the position in 2001. He was elected to the District Court II bench in 2002, then re-elected in 2006 and 2010.
In 2012, he successfully ran for Superior Court Judge and was re-elected to that position in 2016. He has been Presiding Judge of the Superior Court since 2015.
One of Rohrer's Superior Court duties is serving as the Judge for Drug Court. He is also the judge for the "Special Report Calendar," a therapeutic court designed primarily for individuals with mental health issues. Rohrer is an advocate for therapeutic courts, because they can address the underlying causes of criminal activity.
During his time with the Superior Court, Rohrer has been instrumental in modernizing the courtrooms through increased use of audio/visual presentation equipment and video conferencing. He played a role in the court's recent transition to "Odyssey," the new statewide case management system, and is knowledgeable about court technology issues.
Judge Rohrer is very active in the community. For example, since 2008, he has been the West End's representative on the Peninsula College Board of Trustees. And he, along with Cari, also volunteer with the Peninsula Trails Coalition to maintain several miles of the West End section of the Olympic Discovery Trail.
Rohrer is a long-time member and supporter of the Forks Chamber of Commerce — he served two terms as President and many years as a board member and active volunteer. He also served on the boards of the Forks Community Hospital Foundation and the West Olympic Peninsula Betterment Association.
Additionally, Rohrer served as Chair of the Washington State Office of Civil Legal Aid Oversight Committee and as President of the Pacific Northwest Trail Association.
Rohrer earned a BA in Philosophy from Western Washington University in 1980 and a Doctor of Jurisprudence degree from Willamette University College of Law in 1985.
He attended the Washington Judicial College program in both 2001 and 2013 and has met or exceeded Board for Court Education approved judicial education requirements each year since 2001.
Before becoming a Judge, Rohrer worked as an attorney in private practice and as an Assistant Attorney General. He helped open the Attorney General's Office in Port Angeles in 1991 and served as the manager and lead attorney of that office for a decade.
If elected, Rohrer intends to "run the court the same way I ran it for 12 years — with fairness, integrity and common sense." He emphasizes that he has 18 years of directly applicable court management, budgeting and personnel experience in addition to his actual courtroom experience.
"I'm not running to make major changes in District Court II, but I have a track record of making improvements at every position I've held. My intention is to review everything with a fresh set of eyes and then proceed from there as appropriate," he said.
Judge Rohrer commented that his 12 years of actual hands-on experience as the District Court II Judge makes him "uniquely qualified" for this position and that he is "looking forward to playing a greater role in the community in which we live."


Twelve adventurous birders from Stockbridge Audubon Society Traveled to Noble County today to bird Chain O' Lakes State Park. We all found it to be pretty darn cool in the morning, with not quite as much leafout as we would have liked. But ... the weather did warm up, and we ended up with a decent list of 51 species for the day. We were hoping for more than our five species of Warblers, but we were treated to almost constant companionship from the Blue-Gray Gnatcatchers, and several great looks at the resident Broad-winged Hawks, as they patrolled over their patch of woods.
Also, we added seven new species to our annual field trip list!


Gravity fed silt capture channel: a series of silt mats, flocculant treated mats and silt wattles have been used to create a highly effective, low cost, silt treatment process.
Earlier this year new guidance was issued detailing the regulatory position in England and Wales, and general binding rules in Scotland, on the transfer of water from construction sites to rivers and streams.
These state that only uncontaminated water consisting of clean and clear rainwater or infiltrated groundwater may be released from a site for up to three consecutive months under exemption in England and Wales, however there is no time limit in Scotland.
Where any of the above cannot be complied with then a BESPOKE ENVIRONMENTAL PERMIT is required.
All sites should implement a water management plan to illustrate how they are controlling the risk of pollution, protecting the aquatic environment from the ingress of material such as soil, silt, oil, chemicals or concrete wash waters.
However, the reality is that following the new guidance, the majority of UK construction projects will need to hold a Bespoke Environmental Permit or a Controlled Activity Regulation Licence for the drainage of site waters into a stream, river or to ground.
In Scotland the minimum requirement is a pollution prevention plan that should be integrated into the method of works such as minimising soil striping and monitoring is focussed on suspended solids, turbidity and pH. No further risk assessment or water quality testing would be required unless the site has known contaminants.
It is recommended that you engage with the local regulatory team early in the process as the determination of a permit application can be lengthy taking several months.
Sites that do not hold a permit or licence are vulnerable to regulatory action. Where pollution occurs, there is the risk of enforcement action including a fine or custodial sentence, plus the loss of reputational benefit. Equally, any unplanned remedial measures may affect the operation of a site and delay or even stop works.
Don't panic! We can help. frog environmental specialise in water management and silt control. We are able to help you at all stages in your project including pre-tender advice.
We act for and guide construction companies of all shapes and sizes and pride ourselves on offering practical, site specific and customer focussed solutions.
We can help you at all stages in your project including pre-tender advice and can provide bespoke, practical solutions.
Silt Control Products – We supply silt management products made from natural sustainable materials including Silt Mats, Wattles and Floc Mats™ to reduce and even prevent silty run-off. Bubble Curtains can be used in watercourses to limit downstream pollution whilst our WaterLynx™ flocculants designed to help remove fine clay particles from muddy water have secured regulatory approval for their use in some of the most sensitive UK environments.
Water Management Planning – We risk assess developments and create Pollution Risk Assessment and Pollution Control documentation, to form your site water management plan.


text:
Cartoon Characters With Big Hair Dancing
You don't have to be a kid to love cartoon characters, although childhood is when many of us first fell in love with them. This list of the top 50 cartoon characters shines a spotlight on the ones that have withstood the test of time.
3 Black Women Singing Aint Nobody Got Time "She ain't catching feelings/But she catching bouquets," he. caught up in one of the city's ceaseless bachelorette parties. "I got off the plane one time and was like, 'Let's go to Broadway,' and. Sep 05, 2004 · I need to know the name of this song and who sings it [ 4 Answers ]. I have
Not every character survived the move from print to the TV screen, but Snoopy absolutely came to life through a handful of TV specials, dancing his way into our hearts, beginning with a 1961.
 You can even use it on iClone Standard characters to give them a bit of a more. There are unique animations for a wide range of emotions, including happy, angry, To top it all off, there are even a few awesome dance motions thrown in, from. Hair is not just an accessory but an essential part of your characters' style,
Yosemite Sam is an American animated cartoon character in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons produced by Warner Bros. Animation.
Top 9 Cartoon Characters with Glasses February 15, 2010 February 3, 2017 James (SelectSpecs) Celebrity Glasses , Entertainment Here on the SelectSpecs blog we write a lot of posts about celebrity glasses but so far we've neglected their cartoon cousins.
Find and save ideas about Funny old ladies on Pinterest. See more ideas about Old ladies, Old lady humor and Funny jokes for facebook.
New Akira Cotton Non-slip Socks & Gloves Sport Set Dance Pilates (Purple). Funny Teddy Cartoon Princess Fairy Dress 4 Pieces Accessories Set – Head Gear -Tiara Crown. Fancydresswale Spiderman Costume for Kids (Large (6-8 YRS)).
Mar 2, 2014. Which group of cuddly characters are always bouncing here and there and everywhere?. But for 80s kids, we got to enjoy a whole cartoon series with 65. with hyperactive imaginations transforming their large children's nursery into. we're sure you boogied to it at some awkward school dance event.
Long Hair funny cartoons from CartoonStock directory – the world's largest on-line collection of cartoons and comics.
Nightlife Bars And Live Music Nashville Tn Apr 10, 2017. Non-country music venues in Nashville including the Basement, The 10 best places in Nashville to see live music (that's a little less country). May 9, 2017. Unwind in Music City with a drink (or two) at a bar where Nashville. Broadway in downtown Nashville, Tennessee. "A lot of the locals, especially people
Old Lady funny cartoons from CartoonStock directory – the world's largest on-line collection of cartoons and comics.
Artist: Mel Milton {contemporary figurative character illustrator beautiful female purple #naturalhair african-american black woman portrait. Lisa Marie African American Art, African Art, Natural Hair Art, Natural Beauty, One Dance Step at a Time. Obama building walls for President-Elect Trump-Trump has a big hammer. Every Celebrity Cameo in Childish Gambino's New. – Time Magazine
Find GIFs with the latest and newest hashtags! Search, discover and share your favorite Cartoon Dancing GIFs. The best GIFs are on GIPHY.
This List of fictional rodents is subsidiary to list of fictional animals and covers all rodents. Rupert, The Great Rupert, A dancing squirrel who accidentally helps two economically distressed families overcome their obstacles. The Giant Rat is not one character, but rather a title given to whomever the leader is. Once the.
Throughout the years there has been some great animation, both for us and our kids. Many of our favorite animated characters have (or are) dogs.
Download Little boy cartoon stock photos. Affordable and search from millions of royalty free images, photos and vectors.
Apr 3, 2018. On Monday's "Raw," Triple H's wife and the chief brand officer of WWE Stephanie McMahon slammed Ronda Rousey through a table (Video)
Feb 3, 2015. The 9 male cartoon characters you secretly fancy. the 'place' of women, but that's nothing a stint in the Celebrity Big Brother house with Katie Hopkins couldn' t remedy. Dark hair and blue eyes is definitely a good combo.
Read about fads from the past: hula hoops, disco dancing, pet rocks, goldfish swallowing, flagpole sitting, streaking, Big hair was definantly in and so was Aqua Net hairspray to keep the hair up all day. A popular 80's cartoon character.
Music In The United States Larry Hamberlin Nightlife Bars And Live Music Nashville Tn Apr 10, 2017. Non-country music venues in Nashville including the Basement, The 10 best places in Nashville to see live music (that's a little less country). May 9, 2017. Unwind in Music City with a drink (or two) at a bar where Nashville. Broadway in downtown Nashville, Tennessee.
Find and save ideas about Cartoon characters on Pinterest. See more ideas about Create cartoon character, Drawings of cartoon characters and Disney characters.
Black female cartoon characters are really rare and you never give it a thought unless someone points it out to you. You don't miss what you're not exposed to. You don't miss what you're not exposed to.
Some of these free Adobe puppet templates come fully armed with a wide range of. cookie characters are all set to be animated with Adobe Character Animator. Adobe Character Animator puppet with several strands of dangle hair and a.
Find Disney Channel, Disney XD, and Disney Junior TV shows, original movies, schedules, full episodes, games and shows.
Nov 8, 2010. Empire lists the best animated characters, from CGI, hand drawn and stop. Why yes, because Mickey Mouse has never been a big character in feature-length. of a soup and a ratatouille into a cross between dancing and singing. pastiche are wittier, chattier or have better hair (no, not you B.O.B.).
Wild Mike Powers and Abilities To make anyone next to him dance Family None Occupation None Status Alive Voice Actor Rob Paulsen Wild Mike is a character in the Barnyard franchise. He is of an. Wild Mike is a large hairy ball with limbs. His eyes. 5 Things We Want to See In Disney's Live-Action 'Aladdin' Fandom.
Jimmy Kimmel And Guillermo Dancing To Sia Food Freaks Geeks Live Music Greensboro Nc How To Transfer Itunes To Iphone Music App Launched nearly 20 years ago, the app powered the iPod and then iPhone era, redefining how people listened to music and. This method isn't the only way to move to Apple Music, but we've found it's the best if you're
She is also one of the most highly-sexualized cartoon characters in history and was portrayed on film by both Michelle Pfeiffer and Halle Berry. Meow. Catwoman was also one of the few femme fatales in history to be highly-skilled in martial arts, a feat that undoubtedly helped her 'claw' her way up our list.
I am amazed at how many cartoon characters I knew, it all comes down to having a grandpa and a dad who were (and still are) addicted to cartoons. And my dad being an artist, has a book of cartoon characters that you can be thought how to draw. I love cartoons and will continue loving them.
House Of Blues Chicago Parking Lt Picrure Once renowned for its cult screenings of The Blues Brothers, the old 1923 built. Set off the road and fronted by a. Repairs are being made to a newly renovated Blue Line stop.Last week, photos. Chicago community is still in mourning, "This might sound a little crazy, but we feel like the house found us.
. about the prospect of meeting her Internet beau at the school's Halloween dance. The second Disney's live-action/animated hybrid film to be rated PG by the. A big green bush (a scaled-up topiary version of Narissa's head) goes down the. television character, but instead she managed to please the audience during.
Freakazoid! is an American animated television series created by Bruce Timm and Paul Dini and developed by Tom Ruegger for the Kids' WB programming block of The WB. The series chronicles the adventures of the title character, Freakazoid, Bruce Timm, best known as a major principal of the DC animated universe,
This cartoon character belongs to the one of the best animated movie, legend of guardians: The Owls of Ga'hool, based on birds especially owls. And what to say about this little owl, he is brave, intelligent and faithful for his family, sister, and friends and for his community. He is a hero.


text:
package es.polgomez.effective.presentation;

import es.polgomez.domain.executor.MainThread;
import rx.Scheduler;
import rx.android.schedulers.AndroidSchedulers;

public class UiThread implements MainThread {

    @Override
    public Scheduler getScheduler() {
        return AndroidSchedulers.mainThread();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
@interface PodsDummy_Pods_MVVMGitHub : NSObject
@end
@implementation PodsDummy_Pods_MVVMGitHub
@end


It's easy to understand why no business would want employees griping about working conditions on Facebook. Yet, employers are getting into trouble for regulating social media activity.
In the past year, the National Labor Relations Board has brought at least four complaints alleging that businesses have violated labor laws that protect employees from retaliation for office chatter. One of its cases is against a BMW auto dealership in the Chicago area.
The federal scrutiny has alarmed many businesses, including nonunion employers, because the National Labor Relations Act covers most private-sector employees. As a result, businesses are carefully navigating the intersection of traditional labor law and the relatively new social media environment.
"This is clearly an area of focus and interest," said Aaron Gelb, an attorney at Chicago law firm Vedder Price, who represents employers in labor disputes. "Until employers recognize what the issues are, everybody is going to be feeling their way around."
The uncertainty about the legal standards for social media prompted the NLRB's acting general counsel last month to release a report detailing the outcome of investigations into 14 charges of unfair labor practices involving social media. The 14 cases are a representative sample of the more than 100 charges that have been filed with the labor board in the past year. The most common issues deal with policies that restrict use of social media or alleged unlawful disciplinary actions, including termination, over the contents of online posts.
The memo attempts to explain why the NLRB prosecuted certain charges and dismissed others. As Lafe Solomon, acting general counsel, said in the memo, "I hope that this report will be of assistance to practitioners and human resource professionals."
What legal experts took away from the report is that the NLRB is basically taking well-established workplace rules and applying them to a different form of communication. Although it's easy for employers to fire a worker in most states, employees have long enjoyed the right to come together to improve their working conditions. This freedom of association is known as "protected concerted activity" in legal terms.
But yesterday's water cooler talk is not the same as broadcasting disparaging comments on Facebook that could reach millions of people. Employers are concerned that workers are defaming the company online.
National labor law does not preclude employers from disciplining employees for inappropriate online behavior. But from the NLRB's perspective, said Jeff Hirsch, an associate law professor at the University of North Carolina School of Law who focuses on employment law, "the key issue is whether employees are acting together out of concern for their working conditions. The fact that others may also hear it isn't directly relevant."
The NLRB's position on social media has not been tested in the courts, and that has some corporate defense attorneys wondering if the report provides much of a guide in developing social media policies.
"I'm waiting to see is there's going to be an employer that fights the NLRB," Gelb said.
A complaint against Karl Knauz BMW in Lake Bluff might be a test case. Last year, the dealership fired a salesman after he posted on his Facebook page that he was miffed that management served bargain-brand hot dogs and bottled water to customers at an event promoting a new car model.
The salesman, Robert Becker, filed an unfair labor practice charge with the NLRB. After investigating his allegations, the NLRB's regional office in Chicago brought a complaint in May on Becker's behalf, arguing that Knauz violated federal labor law by firing him.
The case was detailed in last month's 24-page NLRB report. The office of the general counsel concluded that Becker's Facebook photographs and comments were "clearly concerted." According to the report, before Becker went online, he and other salespeople had expressed concerns that the pedestrian food and beverage would send the wrong message to customers and negatively affect their sales and commissions.
The case was presented to an administrative law judge in July, and a ruling is pending.
James Hendricks, the dealership's attorney, is upset the NLRB discussed his case and the agency's legal theory in the report before the judge has issued a ruling.
"The general counsel's office rendered an opinion about how they found my client guilty, but there has been no finding of guilt," Hendricks said. "That's totally inappropriate."
Nancy Cleeland, an NLRB spokeswoman, said the agency did not act inappropriately because the complaint is a matter of public record.
"The information in the report is also contained in the complaint, and it's also in a press release we put out at the time the complaint was issued," she said.


I've been playing in #thedailymarker30day challenge this month. I'm very much enjoying the challenge. Now, prepare yourselves for a shocker from the mouth of Faye... I've been colouring images for That Thing On 25 December We Don't Mention and I've enjoyed it! I KNOW!! Anyway, last weekend, I decided to colour Stamping Bellas Sweaty Chicks, but, with a seasonal twist. Stamping Bella has a number of Chick Stamps, so you can expect more penguins!
As you can see, I went my own way (Anyone else singing Fleetwood Mac now?) with the Sketch this week too and flipped it on it's side! Yeah, I know, rebel.
Love this card and the fab idea to turn the chicks into penguins, you clever thing. I shall have to turn a different eye to images from now on shan't I?
How clever of you to make them into penguins Faye.
That is one clever twist on the original image! It looks absolutely awesome!!


Today we're happy to announce the availability of TypeScript 3.4! TypeScript 3.4 introduces a new flag called –incremental which tells TypeScript to save information about the project graph from the last compilation. The next time TypeScript is invoked with –incremental, it will use that information to detect the least costly way to type-check and emit changes to your project, writes Daniel in a blog post.
It tells TypeScript to save information about the project graph from the last compilation. In an experiment it was found that for a project the size of Visual Studio Code, TypeScript's new —incremental flag was able to reduce subsequent build times down to approximately a fifth of the original.
During type argument inference for a call to a generic function that returns a function type, TypeScript will, as appropriate, propagate type parameters from generic function arguments onto the resulting function type.
The newer version makes it somewhat easier to use read-only array-like types. Also, a new syntax for ReadonlyArray describes Arrays that can only be read from. Any variable with a reference to a ReadonlyArray can't add, remove, or replace any elements of the array.
The new addition tries to offer standard way for accessing the global scope which can be used across different environments.