text:
HDFC Standard Life Insurance Company: A premium play (Buy)
Radhika Merwin | Updated on December 30, 2018 Published on December 30, 2018
The total number of lives (new business) insured by HDFC Standard Life rose to 21.6 million during the first half of FY19 - bernie_photo
HDFC Life Q2 net profit jumps 20%
Strong leadership and a well-balanced product and distribution mix are positives
Since its listing about a year back, the stock of HDFC Standard Life rallied over 30 per cent on the back of resilient earnings, healthy growth in premiums, strong profitability and leading market share.
Healthy growth in premiums
Dominant insurance player
Superior return on equity
After registering a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 32 per cent between FY16 and FY18, HDFC Life's new business premium grew 43 per cent in the first half of FY19.
Ranking first among private insurers, HDFC Life commands a market share of 21 per cent in terms of new business premium.
The insurer continues to deliver healthy profitability too. Between FY16 and FY18, HDFC Life's profit after tax grew 16 per cent CAGR; the company's return on equity has been in the 26-28 per cent range over the past three years.
The company's strong business fundamentals have been driving valuations.
At the current price, HDFC Life trades at about 4.7 times its embedded value as on September 2018.
ICICI Pru Life and SBI Life trade at lower 2.4 and 2.8 times their September 2018 embedded values, respectively. The premium valuations are, however, justified, given HDFC Life's strong earnings profile.
For investors with a long-term investment horizon of four to five years, HDFC Life's strong leadership position, sound fundamentals and well-balanced product and distribution mix are key positives.
Investors can buy the stock in dips and accumulate for the long run.|
Sound business
At an overall industry level, growth opportunity for life insurance players remains robust, given the large under-penetration and favourable demographics.
Life insurance, gaining ground as a preferred savings avenue, also augurs well for insurers such as HDFC Life, which are backed by sound business models and quality top management.
After emerging from the regulatory tangles of the past, life insurers have been re-structuring their product portfolios and growing steadily over the past two to three years.
While regulatory tweaks may impact insurers' businesses in the future too, a diverse product portfolio and well-entrenched distribution mix can help mitigate risks.
HDFC Life has remained among the top three, within private players, in terms of new business premium over the past several years.
In FY18 and the latest September 2018 quarter, the company ranks first among private players.
Constant product innovation and focus on profitable growth have kept the company's earnings in good stead over the years.
A diverse product portfolio has helped it deliver healthy growth in premiums. Life insurance policies are broadly categorised into traditional and ULIP policies.
Within traditional policies, life insurers sell participating (bonuses declared at the discretion of the insurer) and non-participating policies (bonuses clearly defined; pegged to an index).
Diversification is important for insurers from a regulatory perspective. HDFC Life's share of individual APE (annualised premium equivalent — the sum of annualised first-year regular premiums and 10 per cent weighted single premiums and single premium top-ups) stood at 59 per cent from ULIPs, 23 per cent from par policies and the balance from non-par.
HDFC Life also has a diversified distribution network, comprising bancassurance, individual agents, direct, brokers, and others.
Bancassurance, however, remains the insurer's key distribution channel, generating 67 per cent of individual APE as of September 2018.
For insurance players, persistency — which measures the number of policies (or amount of premium) retained with an insurer across different time periods — is a critical factor.
Persistency has been healthy for HDFC Life. The 61st month persistency ratio based on original premium (sixth year after the policy issue) for HDFC Life has improved from 39 per cent in FY15 to 50 per cent (as of September 2018). The insurer's 13th month persistency is also a robust 87 per cent.
As of September 2018, HDFC Life's assets under management stood at ₹1,13,200 crore, a growth of 14 per cent over last year. Cost-efficiencies, a well-balanced mix and leadership position have helped the insurer command superior return on equity.
The insurer's solvency ratio — excess of assets over liabilities — was 193 per cent in the first half of FY19, above the minimum regulatory requirement of 150 per cent.
HDFC Standard Life Insurance Company


Albie and Chris Manzo have a new advice show. Kind of. They at least have this: Chris digs up old advice column questions that they try to answer. More often than not, it goes off the rails and becomes tips on how to greet naked aliens when a question was about table etiquette.
Join Albie and Chis -- along with a rotating cast of friends and family members -- as they dispense advice you may not even know you needed.
Episode 24: "Someone's Getting Engaged!"
Episode 22: "Chris Manzo Ate"
BONUS EPISODE: "The Daily Dish"
As their vacation draws to a close, Albie and Chris stopped by Bravo's HQ to talk to the hosts of "The Daily Dish" about all things Real Housewives, Bravo, their lives, and Dear Albie. They even brought some Dear Albie questions with them.
Episode 21: "Dear Albie is filmed before a live studio audience"
Albie and Chris Manzo have a new advice show. Kind of. They at least have this: Chris digs up old advice column questions that they try to answer. More often than not, it goes off the rails and becomes tips on how to greet naked aliens when a question was about table etiquette. Join Albie and Chris -- along with a rotating cast of friends and family members -- as they dispense advice you may not even know you needed.


Arrow is becoming so boring.
It's becoming so boring that every bad guy in the series has more brains, more skills and more bravery than Oliver Queen. It has failed the fans making the Arrow a weak, troublesome individual that really anybody can defeat. Start making him more astute, more strong, and wiser than his enemies. The series is plagued with Oliver's failures to succeed. You have a great potential for the series do not waste it on stupid writing. We want to see a strong Arrow not a weak one defeated by everybody. Make him a winner again.


What's Really Going on in Teresa and Joe's Marriage?
The Real Housewives of New Jersey pal addresses the latest rumors about the couple.
Yes, Danielle Staub Still Has Beef with Kim G.
There's Still Some Major Drama Going on Between Danielle Staub and Kim G.
The Real Housewives of New Jersey mom has made her feelings about her former friend very clear.
Siggy Flicker Defends Her Friendship with Kim D.
"I'm gonna stand behind her and there's nothing that anybody can do about it," the Garden State mom said.
The #RHONJ pal commented on the "truly horrific accident."


text:
Book Review: "Never Finished" by David Goggins
Chris Dessi January 18, 2023 January 20, 2023
AI Review of Neve Finished by David Goggins
"Never Finished" by David Goggins is a powerful and inspiring book that provides a unique perspective on the importance of perseverance and determination. Written by a highly accomplished endurance athlete and former Navy SEAL, the book is full of practical advice and personal anecdotes that will help readers push through their own mental and physical barriers to achieve their goals.
One of the key themes of the book is the importance of self-discipline and grit. Goggins stresses the importance of setting and achieving challenging goals, and provides a step-by-step guide to developing the mental and physical fortitude needed to do so. Through his own experiences, he illustrates how to push through the pain and discomfort that come with challenging pursuits, and how to find motivation and purpose even in the face of adversity.
Another strength of the book is its honesty. Goggins doesn't shy away from discussing the difficulties he's faced in his own life. He documents a troubled childhood and struggles with depression and PTSD. He is open and candid about the challenges he's faced. He is also open about the lessons he's learned. For me, this part of Goggins is the most appealing. There is zero sugar coating. He's direct. He's honest. He's refreshing in every way. These personal anecdotes make the book feel relatable and authentic.
The book is also well-structured and easy to read, with clear and concise writing that is easy to follow. It's a great read for anyone looking for inspiration and guidance on how to push through their own limits and achieve their goals.
Overall, "Never Finished" by David Goggins is a powerful and inspiring book that offers valuable insights and practical advice for anyone looking to achieve their goals.
This book is well-written, relatable, and filled with valuable lessons that can be applied to any area of life. A light read with heavy impact.
Buy it today. You won't regret it.
10 Creative Things To Do If You (Actually) Win The Lottery
The Inevitable Rise of AI is Upon Us

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Since the early days of his chiropractic career, Dr. James Cox has studied the nutrition of the disc right alongside all the biomechanical influences and clinical treatment approaches. Nutrition of the disc is important! Building cartilage, reducing inflammation, slowing degeneration and regenerating cartilage are positive outcomes for lower back pain patients. So he developed Discat Plus for his patients as part of the Cox Technic System for Spinal Pain Management.
Discat Plus has glucosamine sulfate plus the minerals found in the disc, but it also uses perna canaliculus as the source for the chondroitin sulfate. Perna Canaliculus is so beneficial! It is reported in the medical literature studies to improve cartilage (like knee and disc) mobility, pain and stiffness. A new report just coming out discusses perna's positive effect on gastrointestinal dysfunction (in 49% of osteoarthritis patients), too! Back and neck pain sufferers benefit as well as osteoarthritis sufferers.
Check out more information, an audio discussion about disc nutrition by Dr. Cox, and more details about the ingredients in Discat Plus to benefit the disc's cartilage alongside the flexion distraction chiropractic spinal manipulation adjustment!


text:
The Australian referendum of 12 December 1906 approved an amendment to the Australian constitution related to the terms of office of federal senators. Technically it was a vote on the Constitution Alteration (Senate Elections) Bill 1906, which after being approved in the referendum received the royal assent on 3 April 1907. The amendment moved the date of the beginning of the term of members of the Senate from 1 January to 1 July so that elections to the federal House of Representatives and the Senate could occur simultaneously.

The 1906 vote was the first referendum ever held in the Commonwealth of Australia and concerned the first amendment proposed to the constitution since its enactment. The referendum was held in conjunction with the 1906 federal election.

Overview

Prior to the amendment the constitution provided, in section 13, that Senate term would begin on 1 January and end on 31 December. By 1906 it was felt to be unlikely that Senate terms would generally coincide with House of Representatives terms, and that for this reason a change would be beneficial. The proposed amendment provided for Senate terms to begin on 1 July and end on 30 June. Odger's Australian Senate Practice noted that the main reason for the change was to enable simultaneous elections to be held in March, which at the time was considered the most likely period in which Federal elections would be held. The amendment was uncontroversial, dealing with the mechanical matter of how to rotate Senate terms, and Robert Menzies later observed that

as the average voter ... does not care how frequently a Senator rotates, the amendment was carried.

Although the amendment has not hindered the holding of simultaneous elections, it has had one unintended consequence. Because two-thirds of Commonwealth elections have been held in the months between September and December, there have been numerous instances of incoming Senators being required to wait many months before taking their seats. Those elected on 3 October 1998, for instance, were required to wait 270 days before doing so, and those elected on 21 August 2010 were required to wait 314 days before doing so.

Referendum results
Question: Do you approve of the proposed law for the alteration of the Constitution entitled 'Constitution Alteration (Senate Elections) 1906'?

Changes to the text of the constitution
Section 13 - (removed text stricken through; substituted text in bold):

As soon as may be after the Senate first meets and after each first meeting of the Senate following a dissolution thereof, the Senate shall divide the senators chosen for each State into two classes, as nearly equal in number as practicable and the places of the senators of the first class shall become vacant at the expiration of the third year three years, and the places of those of the second class at the expiration of the sixth year six years, from the beginning of their term of service and afterwards the places of senators shall be vacant at the expiration of six years from the beginning of their term of service.

The election to fill vacant places shall be made in the year at the expiration of which within one year before the places are to become vacant.

For the purpose of this section the term of service of a senator shall be taken to begin on the first day of January July following the day of his election, except in the cases of the first election and of the election next after any dissolution of the Senate, when it shall be taken to begin on the first day of January July preceding the day of his election.

See also
Referendums in Australia
Politics of Australia
History of Australia

References

Further reading
 .
 Australian Electoral Commission (2007) Referendum Dates and Results 1906 – Present AEC, Canberra.

! colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc" | Amendments to the Constitution of Australia
|-
| style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" | Commonwealth of AustraliaConstitution Act (1900)

| style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" | 2nd amendment1st State Debts amendment (1910)

1906 referendums
Amendments to the Constitution of Australia
1907 in law
1906 elections in Australia
Constitutional referendums in Australia
December 1906 events

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Jefferson Monroe Fire Department can be seen all over this two day event.
Friday evening – Kiddie tractor pull – Ages 4-11 yrs.
Kids compete by pedaling their tractors as far as they can with age appropriate weights. Free event to participate. Afterwards there are Juice Boxes, Ribbons and Trophies.
Start your Early Saturday morning with the volunteer Fire Fighters and First Responders. They will be running along side you as well as monitoring runner safety and handing out water.
Come enjoy this free event to see some of our trucks in action. Except this time the only thing flying out of our truck is candy.


WhatsApp+ Apk – is a customizable WhatsApp where you can change lots of colors, sizes and many other visual MODs. In addition you can increase upload media limit to send large music files or videos.
You can increase quality of pictures sent (by default resolution is decreased quite a lot). You can share music just with one click. You can add contact profile pictures to their chats. You can hide contact profile pictures and show phone book pictures (in chat screen). Built in theme viewer and downloader. Check WhatsApp+ users theme online and apply theme if you like and more to come.Remember to previously uninstall WhatsApp if you come from the official version ( if not you will get the not installed error).
Fixed bug with themes download.
Fixed bug with auto update servers.
First backup your conversations by pressing Option button.
Go to Settings->Chat Settings->Backup conversations.
Then uninstall older WhatsApp & Install only WA+ apk.
If you have backed up your chats then there should be restore button, Press it (If you don't get restore button, then install original WhatsApp from play store, do verification process and then chat with 1-2 person again backup and then uninstall it, again install apk that i given to you, there you will definitely get restore button).
Wait it might take some long.
Press Menu button and you can hide online status button, press it and Boom (If you can't see that Menu go to Plus->2.Main/chats screen->Untick 2.3 Hide status Mod Menu).
Enjoy WhatsApp+ with hiding last seen feature enabled.


text:
Afghanistan journalist assassinated in Ghor province, sixth in two months
Kabul (Afghanistan), January 1
Afghanistan journalist Bismillah Adil Aimaq, also a civil society activist in Ghor, was assassinated in an attack by unknown armed men in Dara-e-Taimoor village on the outskirts of Feroz Koh on Friday, the first day of the 2021. He is the sixth journalist killed in two months.
TOLO News quoted Mohammad Aref Abir, Ghor governor's spokesman, as saying that Adil, who was head of a local radio station, Radio Sada-e-Ghor, was killed in an attack by unknown armed men in Dara-e-Taimoor village on the outskirts of Feroz Koh. On December 21 last year, Afghanistan journalist Rahmatullah Nikzad, also the head of journalists' union in Ghazni province, was killed in an armed attack.
Since November 7, former TOLOnews presenter Yama Siawash, Radio Azadi reporter Elyas Daee, Enekas TV's presenter in Nangarhar Malala Maiwand, and Ariana News presenter Fardin Amini have been killed in different incidents, TOLO News reported.
Last year in November, the journalists had urged the government to launch a probe into the recent attacks that resulted in the deaths of several journalists in the country.
TOLO News quoted the journalists as saying that the lack of attention to the investigation of attacks against media workers will cause severe harm to press freedom in the country. (ANI)
Be the first to comment on "Afghanistan journalist assassinated in Ghor province, sixth in two months"


I would say, at the end of the day, the main difference is that the opensource software can live without some singe company, whereas your software will go down when (not if) you comapany will go down and also government agencies can force you to compromise software, in US they can legally force you to do it and forbid you about telling it to customers. That is the main reason why your software cannot be trusted. Open source is open source. Maybe it is hard for regular joe, but at the end of the day you CAN verify that is is secure, compile it, run it on your own infrastructure, without worrying about some other 3rd party company (Bittorent inc).
So even if security is your highest priority, you will never be "most secure and private way to to move data between two or more devices" and you should not say that if you don't want to lie.
Urza, no disrespect, but you're not in any position to make that claim. What qualifies your comments? Do you have the legal policies qualifying your claims? Do you understand the inner workings of encryption and cryptography? Have you reversed engineered Sync's executable?
Within the constraints of the law BT have made claims according to the steps they have taken. I'm not claiming I blindly except this, but I'm also not flamboyantly disregarding it. On the other hand what steps if ANY have any of the open sources package you use for file synchronization gone through to also make a similar claim?
My guess is that BT is more than qualified to make the claim.
Roman the link requires approval but the secret does not. So if the secret leaks the folder is vulnerable with BitTorrent Sync.
- add the folder on your phone.
The folder will start syncing without any warning or approval notice in the desktop app.
So if the secret leaks the folder is vulnerable with BitTorrent Sync which it is not the case with Syncthing.
Is this still the case under Sync 2.*?
You misunderstood me. A 100% matter, meaning a 100% priority. Your interpretation is a truism—of course it is not possible.
Of course. If the key leaks - the one who got it can access the folder. This concept is known and accepted. It is pretty much basics of cryptography.
Key itself only show in QR codes - as scanning the QR is pretty secure operation. When you copy link or send it over e-mail - you won't see the folder key there. There is a one-time key which is used to transfer the folder key securely in case if owner approves.
Sync 2.0 folders do not rely on keys (secrets) anymore. They rely on certificates, so the access to the folder is confirmed with a digital signature.
This is misleading and its untrue that it was accepted from user side.
A lot of this discussion was how insecure the "secret" is and that new peers needs to be explicilty approved (like SyncThing does).
BitSync always maintained no worries the secret is hard to guess and then BitSync pretended that approval was added so people are safe now. The reality is that the approval was only a surface gimmic while underneath anybody with the key had full access.
With proper approval it doesn't matter if anybody obtains or guesses the key it's just a folder identifier.
It's good that it has been improved in 2.0 but it was badly handled upto 1.4 and the authorization gave users a false sense of security.
Edit: Corrected as a consequence of ignorance.
You do however realize that this thread is explicitly about version 2.0 and onward right? The declaration of security isn't retroactive to versions before that.
This is actually an old thread which was started before 2.0 was available and when 1.4 was the latest version.


To the Bolds, the Challengers, the Go-Getters, buat kamu yang pengen berkontribusi terhadap hal-hal yang jauh lebih besar dari diri kamu dan siap membantu mendorong perubahan sosial dengan memberdayakan anak muda dan generasi berikutnya, we want you!
Looking for game rooms, free lunch, fun outings and other cool perks? Sorry we don't have them. These vacancies are no frills, professional development roles in intense startup working conditions. Straight up!
Working under our technical lead, you will deliver the front & backend technical delivery process to the highest standard. Ability to write high quality, reusable code using best practice, you should have a broad knowledge of proposing, planning and executing web projects in a LAMP environment with a minimum 2 year proven track record for successful delivery of web projects.
Node.js/Socket IO and proficiency on other web technologies.
Assure the quality of web and Android Application according to requirements.
Work together with Product Owner and Product Manager to define acceptance criteria.
Write test cases, do smoke, regression, and integration tests regularly.
Youthmanual is Indonesia's No.1 College and Career Readiness platform, looking for an energetic, ambitious and performance-driven Sales & Business Development partner to meet client acquisition and revenue growth objectives. This is a revenue focused role responsible in developing sales strategies, tactics and action plans in the Higher Education: College/University sector; which includes identifying prospects, new businesses, organizing sales visit, presentation and closing deals in a B2B software/solution-as-a-service environment.
Part of our growth marketing team, this is a mentor-led 3 months internship program. You'll be responsible in planning, executing marketing and external partnership initiative across different industry verticals. You should be a self-starter, results-driven individual with strong work ethic. This would be a hands-on digital marketing role, perfect for those of you who has legitimate interest in Digital, Marketing, PR, or Business Development and seek to improve your digital marketing & people skills.
A key member of our team, you'll work with a team of data researchers, scientist and engineers to collect, process and perform statistical analysis of data to demistify, test and build the foundation of our "People Science ®" technology to understand and predict the future of College & Career Readiness. Your job is to analyze, make rapid prototypes, generate reports and perform quality assurance to ensure data integrity from a large set of structured data using SQL. You have a high curiousity on data and strong passion in human psychology and behavior. You love challenges and believe in the impossible. Having a strong experiment, learn and ship attitude is a must! You're passionate in working with data/analytics, love doing deep research and be able to identify trends, correlations and patterns through analysing thousands of data points in a complex data sets. Working on things like factor analysis, propensity modeling, predictive analytics are terms that excites you. You are an Spreadsheet Wiz with strong understanding of relational Database and hands-on knowledge in SQL. Candidate should have a degree in Math, Statistics or Computer Science. MSc or advance graduate degree is a plus.
We're looking for prolific creative writer(s) to join Youthmanual's elite team of writers working under the supervision of Youthmanual's Chief of Content. Ideally you should have experience in public writing for magazines, blogs, online medias, or simply campus' newsletter. Familiar with the local youth and/or higher education scene and interested in empowering them. Strong interest in youth issues and instinctively understands what really matters and what's interesting to youth.
You should be highly observant, thinks out of the box, opinionated, not afraid of hate-comments :)… yet polite and always be humble. You understand current Youth issues and pop culture. Typical successful candidates are well versed individuals, who loves to read a lot of different things—online magazines, print magazines, news portals, blogs, novels—of various themes on a regular basis.
A strong network, experience with photography/Photoshop with good sense of humor is a huge Bonus!
- Provide 3 ideas—just the general ideas—for articles that you would write about our Indonesia's youth scene.
You may send your email to hello@youthmanual.com with subject Content Writer in English or Bahasa Indonesia. There is no deadline. We will stop the search once we have found the right people.
Thank you so much for your interest and do spread the word. Looking forward to hearing from you!
Passion in digital/startup and fluent in the internet/digital world is a MUST!
2.) Register your profile, complete all the assessment, review all the features. Tell us what you think about our platform along with FEEDBACK and IMPROVEMENT ideas.
3.) What makes you unique?
4.) WHY are you the right candidate for the position.
Office based in Kemang, Jakarta Selatan.


text:
History, Frankish Identity and the Framing of Western Ethnicity, 550–850
Part of Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series
Author: Helmut Reimitz, Princeton University, New Jersey
This pioneering study explores early medieval Frankish identity as a window into the formation of a distinct Western conception of ethnicity. Focusing on the turbulent and varied history of Frankish identity in Merovingian and Carolingian historiography, it offers a new basis for comparing the history of collective and ethnic identity in the Christian West with other contexts, especially the Islamic and Byzantine worlds. The tremendous political success of the Frankish kingdoms provided the medieval West with fundamental political, religious and social structures, including a change from the Roman perspective on ethnicity as the quality of the 'Other' to the Carolingian perception that a variety of Christian peoples were chosen by God to reign over the former Roman provinces. Interpreting identity as an open-ended process, Helmut Reimitz explores the role of Frankish identity in the multiple efforts through which societies tried to find order in the rapidly changing post-Roman world.
Presents a new view of the history of ethnic identities and their increasing politicisation from the end of the Roman empire to the Carolingian period
Offers a new way to use late Antique historiography as a source for the changing social imaginations of the world
Brings a historical perspective to the long history of collective and ethnic identity
contains: 13 b/w illus. 9 maps 3 tables
Part I. Communities of the Middle Ground in Sixth-Century Gaul:
1. Gregory of Tours and his genealogy of pastoral power in late antique Gaul
2. Virtutes sanctorum et strages gentium: 'The deeds of the saints and the slaughters of the peoples' - the radicalisation of church history
3. The dangers of history
4. Continuities and discontinuities: Roman and Frankish alternatives to Gregory
5. The politics of identity in the Merovingian kingdoms of the sixth century
Part II. Countermyths: The Search for Origins in the Merovingian Kingdoms:
6. The persistence of Gregory's vision of community: the réécriture and reconfiguration of the Histories in the seventh century
7. Iocundus in fabolis et strenuus in consiliis: Roman trickery and Frankish mythmaking in the Chronicle of Fredegar
8. … sicut ceterae gentes - '… like the other peoples' - the Liber historiae Francorum and the definition of the populus in the seventh and eighth century
9. Spielräume of Frankish identity in the long seventh century
Part III. A Common Future: The Reforms of Frankish Identity under the Carolingians:
10. Gens Francorum inclita: 'the illustrious Frankish people' - the centralisation of Frankishness under the early Carolingians
11. Correctio: the redefinition of central Frankishness
12. Before and after 800: central and local Frankishness in the Carolingian world
13. Before and after 829: the transformation of Frankish identity from the short to the long history of the Royal Frankish Annals
Conclusion: Frankish identity, Western ethnicity
Helmut Reimitz, Princeton University, New Jersey
Helmut Reimitz is Professor of History at Princeton University, New Jersey and studies the history of the Early Middle Ages in Europe, focusing on the social and political transformations of the Latin West from the end of the Roman Empire to the Carolingian Empire (c.4th–10th centuries). Before joining Princeton University in September 2008, he was head of the Early Medieval Department at the Institute for Medieval Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences. He is a member of several international networks, such as the European Science Foundation Project on the 'Transformation of the Roman World', and 'Texts and Identities in the Early Middle Ages' (cooperation of the Universities of Cambridge, Sorbonne, Utrecht, Leeds and Vienna). He has published a number of volumes on the history of the early Middle Ages and its meaning for the history of Europe. His books include Cultures in Motion (with Dan Rodgers and Bhavani Raman, 2013), Vergangenheit und Vergegenwärtigung. Frühes Mittelalter und Europäische Erinnerungskultur (with Bernhard Zeller, 2009), Staat im frühen Mittelalter (with Stuart Airlie and Walter Pohl, 2006) and The Construction of Communities in the Early Middle Ages (with Richard Corradini and Max Diesenberger, 2003).
Conquest and Christianization
Saxony and the Carolingian World, 772–888
Charlemagne's Practice of Empire
The Resources of the Past in Early Medieval Europe
Reframing the Feudal Revolution
Political and Social Transformation between Marne and Moselle, c.800–c.1100
Comparative Studies in Society and History
Comparative Studies in Society and History (CSSH) is an international forum for new research and interpretation concerning…
Rural History
Rural History is well known as a stimulating forum for interdisciplinary exchange. Its definition of rural history…
Continuity and Change aims to define a field of historical sociology concerned with long-term continuities and discontinuities…
International Review of Social History
The International Review of Social History is one of the leading journals in social history. While covering all areas…
Irish Historical Studies
New to Cambridge in 2015 Irish Historical Studies, founded in 1938, is the joint journal of the Irish Historical…


text:
Q: Log ssh script timestamp of execution to file on the server I have a script that executes some commands remotely, every time it runs it appends the time of execution to a log. I thought I was doing it right but then realized the script was sending the time/date of my machine, not using the server time/date in the log.
This is the command I'm using right now:
ssh root@myserver "echo \"*** Log info of $(date -u) ***\" >> /var/log/app.log"

I tried using single quotes but it does not work at all the script shows an error.
Is there a better way to log that time to a file on the server?

A: Enclose the full command inside single quotes like this:
ssh root@myserver 'echo "*** Log info of $(date -u) ***" >> /var/log/app.log'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Newstalk 93 FM
Home News Basic school boy dies after being locked in car
Basic school boy dies after being locked in car
A four-year-old boy died on Thursday after being left in a locked car outside a basic school in Rollington Town, St. Andrew, for several hours.
According to reports, the tragedy occurred after the youngster and other children were carried to school by a teacher about 9 a.m.
The other youngsters reportedly departed the van, but the boy was inadvertently left behind.
The teacher noticed the child was still in the car later that afternoon.
At 3:20 p.m., the boy was transported to Bustamante Hospital for Children, where he was pronounced dead.
This is the second time in a month that something like this has happened.
A police officer in St Elizabeth left his one-year-old daughter in his car last month, resulting in the toddler's death.
He allegedly locked her in his car for eight hours while he went to work.
At the Black River Hospital, she was pronounced dead.
Strike action averted at JPS
Noel Maitland to appear in court Friday
Constable shot in Westmoreland
Tweets by news_93fm
Newstalk 93 FM broadcasts from The University of the West Indies, Mona campus. Studio: 867 462 0919 | 876 212 9824 Administration 876 427 9955
Contact us: info@newstalk93fm.net
© Newstalk 93 FM
Tommy Lee Sparta injured in prison fight
Fans for Champs


(j) "United States Section" means the four United States Commissioners appointed by the President pursuant to this chapter.
Source: Pub. L. 99-5, §2, Mar. 15, 1985, 99 Stat. 7; Pub. L. 102-251, title III, §306(a), Mar. 9, 1992, 106 Stat. 66; Pub. L. 104-208, div. A, title I, §101(a) [title II, §211(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009, 3009-41.


A happy birthday card for my sister, Mary. I love doing this sort of drawing with lots of detail and color. This particular scribble was inspired by a few of the things, people, places, and snacks that make Mary happy.
One of her favorite things and something we've enjoyed together in our travels is taking a break with a good book in an interesting spot. Happiness!
I finally broke out my collection of Dr. Ph. Martin's Hydrus watercolors for this card. My often doomed choice and application of color couldn't ruin the inspiration and brilliance of Dr. M.


text:
Q: Android: How to get random image from array without repetition with JSON as the source I'm having trouble in getting random images (as buttons) from array without repetition with JSON file on the web as the source. Each onClick button leads to an activity with different object properties from the JSON based on the displayed image.
So I will put 3 of those kind images inside an activity, but they aren't allowed to be the same with each other.
Can someone help me providing the solution out of my codes below? I'm open to any kind of solutions. Thanks in advance.
Here's the snippet of my JSON, what I wanna use is the 'smallImageUrl' property.
{
  "project_title": "Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Rettung Schiffbrüchiger",
  "organization_title": "Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Rettung Schiffbrüchiger",
  "keyword": "RETTER",
  "short_code":"81190",
  "project_description": "Seit Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts schenken die Seenotretter Schiffsbrüchigen ein zweites Leben. Die Aufgaben der Organisation umfassen dabei alle Bereiche – vom Abhören der Funkverkehrfrequenzen bis zum sicheren Transport erstversorgter Menschen.  61 Seenotkreuzer und Seenotrettungsboote sind dafür 24 Stunden am Tag, sieben Tage die Woche, bei jedem Wind und Wetter einsatzbereit. Das humanitäre Wirken der Organisation wird dabei nur durch Förderer ermöglicht, denn die DGzRS ist ausschließlich spendenfinanziert. ",
  "smallImageUrl": "http://cdn.spendino.de/web/img/projects/home/1298899521.jpg",
  "bigImageUrl":"http://cdn.spendino.de/web/img/projects/small/1298899521.jpg",
  "price": "5 EUR",
  "country": "Germany"
  },
  {
  "project_title": "CARE Deutschland-Luxemburg e.V.",
  "organization_title": "CARE Deutschland-Luxemburg e.V.",
  "keyword": "CARE",
  "short_code":"81190",
  "project_description": "
Das CARE-Komplett-Paket für Menschen in Not

Schnell, nachhaltig und durchdacht, das ist das moderne CARE-Paket. CARE ist überzeugt, dass umfassende Hilfe von drei Seiten notwendig ist, um die weltweite Armut Schritt für Schritt zu verringern. Deswegen hat CARE sich seit seiner Gründung 1945 und dem Abwurf der ersten CARE-Pakete über Berlin weiter entwickelt. Heute steckt im CARE-Paket weit mehr als Zucker und Mehl. Heute bietet die Organisation in 70 der ärmsten Länder der Welt ein Komplett-Paket für Menschen in Not.

Das Komplett-Paket für Menschen in Not enthält:
*sofortige Nothilfe nach Katastrophen

*langfristige Entwicklungszusammenarbeit

*Schutz der Menschenrechte

",
  "smallImageUrl": "http://cdn.spendino.de/web/img/projects/home/1284113658.jpg",
  "bigImageUrl":"http://cdn.spendino.de/web/img/projects/small/1284113658.jpg",
  "price": "5 EUR",
  "country": "Germany"
  },

I call the JSON-parsing method from this ListActivity below, but actually the activity I'm working right now which shows the random images, has to come as a launcher (before the ListActivity):
public class ProjectsList extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    //ListView that will hold our items references back to main.xml
    ListView lstTest;
    //Array Adapter that will hold our ArrayList and display the items on the ListView
    ProjectAdapter arrayAdapter;
    ProgressDialog dialog;

    //List that will  host our items and allow us to modify that array adapter
    ArrayList<Project> prjcts=null;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.projects_list);
        //Initialize ListView
        lstTest= (ListView)findViewById(R.id.lstText);

         //Initialize our ArrayList
        prjcts = new ArrayList<Project>();
        //Initialize our array adapter notice how it references the listitems.xml layout
        arrayAdapter = new ProjectAdapter(ProjectsList.this, R.layout.listitems,prjcts);

        //Set the above adapter as the adapter of choice for our list
        lstTest.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

        WebService webService = new WebService("http://liebenwald.spendino.net/admanager/dev/android/projects.json");

        //Pass the parameters if needed , if not then pass dummy one as follows
        Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
        params.put("var", "");

        //Get JSON response from server the "" are where the method name would normally go if needed example
        // webService.webGet("getMoreAllerts", params);
        String response = webService.webGet("", params);

        try
        {
             dialog = ProgressDialog.show(ProjectsList.this, "", "Fetching Projects...", true);
             dialog.setCancelable(true);
             dialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(true);
             dialog.setOnCancelListener(new OnCancelListener() {
                public void onCancel(DialogInterface dialog) {

                }
             });
            //Parse Response into our object
            Type collectionType = new TypeToken<ArrayList<Project>>(){}.getType();

            //JSON expects an list so can't use our ArrayList from the lstart
            List<Project> lst= new Gson().fromJson(response, collectionType);

            //Now that we have that list lets add it to the ArrayList which will hold our items.
            for(Project l : lst)
            {
                prjcts.add(l);
                ConstantData.projectsList.add(l);
            }

            //Since we've modified the arrayList we now need to notify the adapter that
            //its data has changed so that it updates the UI
            arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
            dialog.dismiss();
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
            Log.d("Error: ", e.getMessage());
        }

        lstTest.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
                //@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                //Projects p = (Projects ) lstTest.getItemAtPosition(position);

                //Do your logic and open up a new Activity.
                Intent care = new Intent(ProjectsList.this, ProjectDetail.class);
                care.putExtra("spendino.de.Organization.position",position);
                startActivity(care);
            }
        });

    }
}

here's the class which hold the index of my JSON:
public class ConstantData{

   public static String project_title = "project title";
   public static String organization_title = "organization title";
   public static String keyword = "keyword";
   public static String short_code = "short code";
   public static String project_description = "description";
   public static String smallImageUrl = "smallImageUrl";
   public static String bigImageUrl = "bigImageUrl";
   public static String price= "price";
   public static String country= "country";

    public static ArrayList<Project> projectsList = new ArrayList<Project>();
    }

and this is the activity where the random buttons should lead to:
public class ProjectDetail extends Activity implements OnClickListener{

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.project);

        Button weitersagen = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_weitersagen);
        weitersagen.setOnClickListener(this);

        Button sms = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_sms_spenden);
        sms.setOnClickListener(this);

        int position = getIntent().getExtras().getInt("spendino.de.Organization.position");
        Project project = ConstantData.projectsList.get(position);

      try {
          ImageView projectImage = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.project_image);
          Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream((InputStream)new URL(project.bigImageUrl).getContent());
          projectImage.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }

      TextView project_title = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_project_title);
      project_title.setText(project.project_title);

      TextView organization_title = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_organization_title);
      organization_title.setText(Html.fromHtml("von " +project.organization_title));

      TextView project_description = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.txt_project_description);
      project_description.setText(Html.fromHtml(project.project_description));

    }

EDIT
Here's my ProjectAdapter for the ListActivity
public class ProjectAdapter extends ArrayAdapter {
int resource;
String response;
Context context;
//Initialize adapter
public ProjectAdapter(Context context, int resource, List<Project> items) {
    super(context, resource, items);
    this.resource=resource;

}

@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
{
    LinearLayout projectView;
    //Get the current alert object
    Project pro = getItem(position);

    //Inflate the view
    if(convertView==null)
    {
        projectView = new LinearLayout(getContext());
        String inflater = Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE;
        LayoutInflater vi;
        vi = (LayoutInflater)getContext().getSystemService(inflater);
        vi.inflate(resource, projectView, true);
    }
    else
    {
        projectView = (LinearLayout) convertView;
    }

    TextView Title =(TextView)projectView.findViewById(R.id.txt_title);

    try {
          ImageView i = (ImageView)projectView.findViewById(R.id.image);
          Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream((InputStream)new URL(pro.smallImageUrl).getContent());
          i.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }

    //Assign the appropriate data from our alert object above
    //Image.setImageDrawable(pro.smallImageUrl);
    Title.setText(pro.project_title);

    return projectView;
}

}

A: Good example with explaination:
Loading Images Over HTTP on a Separate Thread on Android
and usage of the example:
Loading Remote Images in a ListView on Android
In the first example is ImageThreadLoader which has loadImage method. The method gets bitmap from cache or if it's not present, downloads it from network.


text:
Louise Augusta baronesse von Pechlin von Löwenbach, gift von Zytphen (12. februar 1787 i Nordborg - 13. november 1869 på Frederiksberg) var en tysk adelsdame og dansk guldalderpersonlighed, gift med Ernst Frederik von Zytphen, søster til Friedrich von Pechlin og mor til G.F.O. Zytphen-Adeler.

Hun var datter af Nicolaus Otto baron Pechlin von Löwenbach og Christiane Sophia Polyxena Henriette von Löwenstern. Hun blev gift 4. november 1808 i Frederiksberg Kirke med senere generalmajor Ernst Frederik von Zytphen.

Denne smukke, højtbegavede dame var meget belæst, kunstnerisk og digterisk anlagt; hun har oversat B.S. Ingemanns Holger Danske til tysk. Hun var veninde med Sophie Ørsted født Oehlenschlæger. I hendes mangeårige enkestand så hun i sit hjem samtidens mere bekendte mænd - brødrene A.S. og H.C. Ørsted, Christian Molbech, J.P. Mynster, F.C. Sibbern, J.H. Paulli, Gunni Busck, Peter Rørdam, Nicolai Gottlieb Blædel med flere. Hun var meget religiøs og anerkendte tidligt Grundtvigs store værd, uden dog nogen sinde at høre til hans religiøse parti. Hun stod dronning Caroline Amalie meget nær, og det var hende, der først henledte dronningens opmærksomhed på Grundtvig.

Kilder
 Ernst Frederik von Zytphens biografi i Dansk Biografisk Leksikon.

Louise Augusta
Slægten Pechlin
Danskere i 1800-tallet
Oversættere fra Danmark
Personer fra Nordborg


text:
Search Results for Tag: carbon
Klaus Esterluß | Ideas
A comprehensive inventory of Tanzania's forests
Nearly 20% of green house gas emissions worldwide are caused by deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. Estimating and reducing these emissions is therefore one of the key goals for the international community as the Rio+20 conference on sustainable development in June draws closer. One country attempting to do just that is Tanzania. The country is currently in the process of drawing up a comprehensive inventory of its forests as you can see in the video above by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The inventory is meant to help the East African country to better manage its natural resources. Today more than a third of Tanzania is forested, but almost 1% of that forest is being lost annually. The inventory will measure how much carbon is stored within Tanzania's forests and will help the country to understand the role it can play in mitigating climate change.
Africa, carbon, deforestation, emissions, FAO, forests, green house gas, Tanzania
fuehrerm | Ideas
Take a deep breath in Laos
As a Journalist from Berlin, traffic in Asian cities is usually quite chaotic and for foreigners mostly an adventure. In Mumbai, India crossing a street could be a struggle of survival as one has to pass a mixture of motorbikes, cars, cows and rikshas. It's the same in Bangkok,Thailand – just without cows. The worst about the traffic is not the chaos, it's the pollution. The air people inhale is filled with dust, it sticks on the skin and it is also full of emissions polluting the air.
In Laos, the chaos has not arrived yet. The streets of its capital Vientiane are quiet and mostly empty. There are just a few bikes, scooters or motorbikes – sometimes a car. That keeps the CO2-emission low: 2010 Laos emitted a little more than 1,5 million tons, the United States for example 5,7 billion tons. Another reason is, that Laos has no heavy industry. But it would be a mistake to think of Laos as climate-friendly country where everyone could take a deep breath of clean air. Because it is not people's climate-awareness that makes Laos climate friendly. The reason is the poverty of the country. The Human Development Index lists Laos as a one of the poorest countries in the world. People just can´t effort a car.
carbon, climate, CO2, emissions, environment, Laos, pollution, traffic
Klaus Esterluß | COP17
Brazil's new forest law
As the world tries to find ways the reduce global emission in Durban, Eco, a publication of Climate Action Network CAN at COP17, is reporting on Brazils plans of igniting a real carbon bomb. A bill to change the country's Forest Law is supposedly about to be approved, resulting in the increase of deforestation. The proposed bill, they say, will be sent to President Dilma Roussef for final cinsideration in coming weeks. One of the foreseeable consequences is that an area almost the size of France and Great Britain combined will loose legal protection, according to estimates presented by the Brazilian government itself. Since Brazil will be hosting the Rio+20 con fence next year, the situation is even more delicate.
In the corridors at Durban, these developments are causing considerable consternation. It is expected that Brazil President Dilma Roussef will send a clear message to the world that the country will meet all commitments announced previously in fighting climate change and protecting the Brazil forest.
Brazil, CAN, carbon, climate, climate action network, cop17, Durban, forest, forum, South Africa, world climate conference
welectricity.org, an idea to be appreciated
Welectricity, the innovative social network, that we have mentioned before in GLOBAL IDEAS, has won an award at the prestigious Knowledge@Wharton/Wipro Technologies Innovation Tournament. The competition was held at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania on April 27th 2011. Welectricity has excelled and beat 44 other teams, that also made it to the semifinals. Welectricity's web-based service was judged to be the "Best New Sustainability Innovation" (full press-release here). Well, congrats for the award! The idea behind Welectricity is absolutly worth it in our opinion. It allows users to track, compare and reduce their electricity consumption at home. Users from 86 countries worldwide are participating already.
We would like to give you the opportunity to watch the report that GLOBAL IDEAS made with the help of Welectricity again. In this post you will also find an interview we did during the filming in Kingstown, St. Vincent.
carbon, climate, climate change, education, electricity, welectricity
Understanding by playing
Sometimes it's easier to understand a complicated issue if you can play with it. Take climate change as an example. To garner support for climate action a video game is released today. The game is called Fate of the World that and it is based on state-of-the-art climate models, the developers say. Red Redemption from Oxford have created that strategy game in cooperation with the global TckTckTck campaign. People who are downloading the game are literaly 'players' in the climate change debate and can contribute towards real-life changes. In the game users must find a way to deal with Earth's resources and the climate crisis. At the same time the needs of the growing world population need to be minded, such as more food, energy, and living space. TckTckTck and Red Redemption seek to increase the understanding and awareness of climate change by providing gamers with the opportunity to learn and explore the subject. More informations you will find here: http://tcktcktck.org/fotwgame/
biodiversity, biomass, carbon, climate, climate change, conservation, deforestation, education, game, pc, red redemption, tcktcktck
recycling science doha deutsche welle emissions forests global ideas Germany India animals cop18 united states climate green water climate change solar coal environment Arctic british council Brazil energy food conservation Cancun United Nations solar power UN species berlin deforestation electricity biodiversity sustainable oil Durban power CO2 global warming
Germany by Scooter


text:
Fact "Living Stones"
Actors from the Israeli theatre group Orto-Da perform during their show titled "Stones", at a theatre in Tel Aviv March 10, 2015. Inspired by Nathan Rapoport's Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Monument, the play tells a story from the point of view of the sculptures in the monument. (Photo by Amir Cohen/Reuters)
Fact Girl Power
Irene Aguirre, 23, attends a boxing class at the National Institute of Sport in Managua March 4, 2015. A study done by the Psychology alumni of the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua (UNAN-Managua) revealed that about 1 million women in Nicaragua suffer from domestic violence. (Photo by Oswaldo Rivas/Reuters)
Educative Shilin Stone Forest
The Stone Forest or Shilin is a notable set of limestone formations located in Shilin Yi Autonomous County, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China, near Shilin approximately 120 km (75 mi) from the provincial capital Kunming. The tall rocks seem to emanate from the ground in the manner of stalagmites, with many looking like petrified trees thereby creating the illusion of a forest made of stone. Since 2007, two parts of the site, the Naigu Stone Forest (乃古石林) and Suogeyi Village (所各邑村), have been UNESCO World Heritage Sites as part of the South China Karst.
Fact Stone House in Portugal
The house was built between two giant stones on the hillside of Fafe mountains, that create a unique prehistoric effect.
Charming Stone Footprints by Iain Blake
Iain Blake is an amateur photographer that has gained his popularity on the Internet thanks to his photoset of "Stone Footprints". By finding the right stones and perfectly arranging them, Iain was able to make a number of very appealing pictures. For some reason, these "footprints" look adorable. It could have something to do with the cartoony appearance that they have. In our opinion, the finest photo out of this whole set is the one with a large footprint and a smaller one on top of it, as if a child has stepped into the footprint left by his or her parent. (Photo by Iain Blake)
Fact Cold War Power Plant
A view of an entrance to the concrete case surrounding the pressure vessel of the reactor is seen inside the decommissioned Unit Six of the Greifswald nuclear power station outside Lubmin August 5, 2014. Unit Six was a part of East Germany's largest nuclear power plant that was nearly completed in 1990, when the country's re-unification halted construction. (Photo by Thomas Peter/Reuters)
Wow Water Powered Motorcycle
Ricardo Azevedo rides his Honda NX 200 motorbike, which he converted to be powered by water, in Salto, northwest of Sao Paulo, Brazil, August 6, 2015. The Sao Paulo civil servant built the motorbike, which can cover up to 500 kilometres (311 miles) fuelled by just one litre of water. Dubbed "Moto Power H2O" the bike is powered by the process of electrolysis, which breaks the water molecule down into its constituent elements. (Photo by Nacho Doce/Reuters)
Fact Powerful Snowstorm in USA
Rebecca Bailey rides a unicycle during a winter nor'easter snow storm in Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. February 9, 2017. (Photo by Brian Snyder/Reuters)
something+about+mary'[0] | paranormal+activity+brripA=0 | china of hankou | s+b+3d | Portrait | november+5'A=0 | gta 3 pc | Deep nude'A=0 | miss+international+swimsuit+ | R statistics | powers | little einsteins | iron man 2008 720p | the+moon | naked+soccer+player | 1080p+mp4+movies | up ita | nude+shirlin+chopra | in their eyes | Nude+Orleans | Praia do Norte 2016 and 1=1 | cs 1 | Bill Podlich | Guatemalan+Grave+Cleaners | old roller skate sandal


We invest in positive impact, not just positive returns.
We strive to create value across regulatory, economic and financial market cycles. We are constantly looking for special situations where we can intervene to drive change. This requires us to expend significant time and resources to understand and tenaciously engage in difficult and complex situations that other investors may avoid.
Below you can find all of the publicly disclosed and/or announced investments made by WSD Capital Management since its inception.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Akfen Holding.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Andeavor.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Centrica.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Cooper Tire & Rubber.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Foot Locker.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in JetBlue Airways.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in The Kraft Heinz Company.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Nestlé.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Newell Brands.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Tyson Foods.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Viacom.
Information about WSD Capital Management's investment position in Wabtec Corporation.
Sign up for updates and email alerts.
Select your preferred platform and stay current with our latest insights.
Benevolent Hostility Review (BHR) is WSD Capital Management's flagship business publication. The publication highlights our latest thinking on issues of importance to business leaders and decision makers.


text:
About STAND
Genocide Education
Youth, Peace, and Security
East Turkistan
Join STAND
Join an Action Committee
Register a Chapter
Team Openings
The student-led movement to end mass atrocities.
← STAND Welcomes Introduction of Global Fragility and Violence Reduction Act
New Accounts of Abuse in South Sudan →
Ending the Youngest Nation's Oldest Conflict
Posted on April 10, 2018 by Zachary Gossett
Violence has engulfed the world's youngest nation for a significant part of history, even before it officially separated from Sudan. South Sudan, which became a nation in 2011, broke out into civil war in 2013, after its President, Salva Kiir, fired Vice President Riek Machar. Though the origins of the conflict are political, ethnicity has increasingly been used by political elites to hold onto power with the Dinka aligning themselves with Kiir and the Nuer with Machar. Since the conflict began, a myriad of peace talks have gone awry, several ceasefires have been ignored, and countless innocent civilians have suffered. Due to destructive tactics such as ethnic targeting and mass starvation, the United States placed an arms embargo on South Sudan in early February. While this action on its own will have little direct impact on the conflict, the embargo sends an important message and attempts to inspire other nations who could more significantly affect the issue.
The United States' arms ban on South Sudan comes as the result of cumulating frustration over the factions' failure to negotiate peace, to maintain ceasefires, and to protect the lives of their citizens. The United States began taking action against the political elites of South Sudan in 2014, when President Obama sanctioned six military leaders because of their involvement with the atrocities taking place. During the Trump administration, these sanctions have broadened to include three close associates to Kiir, who are charged with personally profiting from the violence. Additionally, United States Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley has pushed for more comprehensive action, leading to the implementation of the U.S. arms embargo. This campaign initially began with an ultimatum given to Kiir during a visit to the nation on October 25, 2017, where she also met with suffering civilians. The ultimatum essentially informed Kiir that he may lose American support if the violence and perpetration of atrocities by his military continues. When Kiir failed to respond, Haley began advocating for the end of the United States' support of Kiir and the implementation of an arms embargo. While the US State Department has officially declared an arms ban on South Sudan, it is an almost entirely symbolic move given that the U.S. has not dealt weapons to South Sudan.
Though symbolic, the move can also be seen as a call to action for other nations with the potential to have a deeper and stronger impact on the conflict. A State Department statement in February stated "We urge all countries, including South Sudan's neighbors, to promote peace and save innocent lives." The ban comes at a time of growing consciousness about the conflict and a desire for further action from other nations and organizations relevant to South Sudan's civil war. For example, the African Union has expressed its willingness to implement sanctions to end the conflict. Due to this rise in support for action, including some regional acknowledgment of the problem, it is a prime time for the United Nations Security Council to take action by placing an arms embargo on South Sudan so it can capitalize on the commonality of multiple nations' view on the issue.
While the growing agreement is encouraging, the United States, the United Nations, and South Sudan's neighbors need to take further action to ensure that they are not enabling the conflict. A UN embargo does not look entirely likely because of the veto power of Russia and China. Notably, China has oil ties to South Sudan and is thus unlikely to take direct action. Although the U.S. move is a welcome one, peace will not come to South Sudan unless there is additional action. South Sudan's neighbors must actively work towards ending this civil war by implementing sanctions, arms embargoes, providing humanitarian aid, and possibly through direct intervention. Furthermore, while the US has taken positive action to end the conflict, it must act further if it does not want to be complicit in the violence. Such action could include ceasing to supply arms to Uganda, who sells weapons to South Sudan. Options have not yet run out, and until the nation's neighbors and the UN are willing to act, the war will continue.
All of these steps are vital to ending the conflict, which has killed more than 50,000 people and displaced approximately four million. Priti Patel, the British International Development Secretary, has gone so far as to call the situation in South Sudan genocide, due to the ethnic divisions and destructive tactics used by both sides. Even if one does not consider the conflict to be genocide, one cannot ignore its potential to cause further mass systematic slaughter. The conflict has also placed even more lives at risk by causing a man-made famine that has left an estimated 1.25 million people on the brink of starvation — an amount expected to rise over the coming months. The war in South Sudan is preventing people from farming and aid from reaching large portions of the population, generating an abundance of hungry men, women, and children. To save these innocent lives, this war must end, and while the United States arms ban is a step in the right direction, it is only one move of many that must come to support stability in this young nation.
Zachary Gossett is a member of the Communications Task Force for STAND. He is a first-year student at Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana, where he is studying political science. He is passionate about protecting the rights of people of the world.
This entry was posted in Regions, South Sudan and tagged arms embargo, Kiir, sanctions, south sudan, starvation, state department, uganda. Bookmark the permalink.
STAND Conflict Update: December 2022
Chapter Newsletter: December 2022
STAND Conflict Update: November 2022
Chapter Newsletter: November 2022
Thanksgiving: Taking and the Aftermath – November 2022 Lesson Plan
Archives Select Month December 2022 November 2022 October 2022 September 2022 August 2022 May 2022 April 2022 March 2022 February 2022 January 2022 December 2021 November 2021 October 2021 August 2021 July 2021 June 2021 May 2021 April 2021 March 2021 February 2021 January 2021 December 2020 November 2020 October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 April 2020 March 2020 February 2020 January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 December 2015 November 2015 October 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 December 2011 November 2011 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 July 2011 June 2011 May 2011 April 2011 March 2011 February 2011 January 2011 December 2010 November 2010 October 2010 September 2010 August 2010 July 2010 June 2010 May 2010 April 2010 March 2010 February 2010 January 2010 December 2009 November 2009 October 2009 September 2009 August 2009 July 2009 June 2009 May 2009 April 2009 March 2009 February 2009 January 2009 December 2008 November 2008 October 2008 September 2008 August 2008 July 2008 June 2008
Categories Select Category Burma Burundi Central African Republic Chapter Newsletters Chapters Conflict Updates Congo East Turkistan Emerging Conflicts lesson plans Policy Refugees Regions Resources South Sudan Successes Sudan Syria Uncategorized United States Yemen
info@standnow.org
STAND is the student-led movement to end mass atrocities.


Young readers are fascinated by vehicles of all kinds! six new titles have been added to Bobbie Kalman's series. Vehicles on the Move gives children information about their favorites. Each page includes large, brightly colored images. Children will race to get their hands on these books!


Taking care of your roof can be time-consuming. You might have to put a lot of time and work into the process. However, neglecting your roof will lead to more expense and wasted time. Be sure to maintain your roof, since it is your home's main defense. This article will help you do that.
Don't procrastinate on replacing shingles. Neglecting small issues can spiral into bigger issues down the road. When you get the job done now, you avoid future disasters. If your roof is properly maintained, it will last quite a while.
While leaks sometimes do come from problems with your shingles, you should also check the foundation of the roof. If there is dry rot on your home's sides, you may get water in your home. Check all entry points to make sure this doesn't happen.
A contractor who hires employees is usually cheaper and more efficient than a contractor who works alone. The more people working on the roof, the quicker the job can be completed. If you are hiring a single roofer, be sure that you aren't overcharged for labor.
Make sure your materials are in good condition. Leaks can actually start at the point of installation due to damaged shingles or nails of the wrong length. Check these materials before you do anything so that you can make sure your roof will be structurally sound.
If you would like to install an environmentally friendly roof, you should consider a living roof. A living roof allows you to grow greenery on it. Although it only works well in good climates and on a roof that's flat, it's a great form of insulation as well.
Always ask for several references before hiring a roofing contractor. Any good company will oblige you by providing references. If a company tries to skate by this request, look elsewhere. That can mean trouble in the future.
Do not get discouraged if the location of a leak is escaping you. Have another person inside the home and carefully use a hose to find the location of the leak. As you do the testing of different areas, use your cellular phone to talk with your buddy if need be.
Make sure your roof stays intact as the years go on by making sure it is clear of sticks, leaves and debris. These materials can cause water to pool and it will damage your roof. When water sits on the roof, shingle layers start to rot, which requires costly repair work.
Use architectural shingles when you replace your roof. Not only do these shingles last longer, they are also very stylish. In addition, these shingles are highly sought by many buyers, and that means they can add value to your home when it comes time to consider resale.
In conclusion, you may need a lot of energy to care for your roof. But you should also now know how greatly important roof care is to your comfort and safety. Refer to this article anytime you experience roofing issues. You will be happy to have it.


Creating a new file and changing the layer line type I can only select continuous. Where are all the other line types?
Last edited by massimo on Tue Jul 31, 2018 9:01 am, edited 1 time in total.
As we are installing from sources on Gentoo, I got this issue fixed by installing linetypes and themes directories.


The event served to update customers on attacks like ransomware and spear-phishing that are rampant and becoming more sophisticated, dangerous and targeted. More than 30 customers from a diverse range of industries including, financial institutions, healthcare and various verticals across the region attended the event. The key takeaway message for attendees was that a defence-only strategy is not enough to handle today's threats. Organisations need a cyber resilience strategy for email engineered to protect them from email born threats, to keep email active during service disruptions and to recover data from loss or corruption.


Well JaneIsaac, this post if for you!
I take requests…just not freebird!
The scenariois that we wanted to send out alerts if an account scored low data grade points and that account OR an opportunity related to that account was updated. After some quick research I saw that the updates were clustered, often receiving multiple updates in a short period of time. I didn't want the alerts constantly kicking out.
So I built out a function so that prevent multiple alerts from being sent out in a given set of time. My functionality treats account and opportunity updates as two different actions, so I broke them out on this blog as such. Listing out the ingredients below and I will dissect the basic functionality after.
I wish my cube was this cool…or that I had a flying monkey!
This last line is what ensures that an alert will only send once per day. If the rule runs, (Data Quality = Poor and "Data Alert Sent Date" <>Today()), then the email alert gets sent out and the "Data Alert Sent Date" gets updated with the current day. If that record was updated ANY OTHER TIME during that day, the rule will not fire. I know I say this all the time, but what I really (Really) like about salesforce is that when it comes down to it, you can do some crazy cool stuff with zero code.
In other CRM's, the above functionality takes 6 weeks and 2 developers.
1) A rollup summary on opportunity.Data_Alert_Sent_Date__c (MAX), this way, you could have the account rule also looking at the last time an alert was sent out on ANY opportunity.
2) A counter field update on the opportunity rule with a corresponding rollup on accounts. This would allow for reporting on ignored updates and thresh holding of the alerts.
But, the fun with Salesforce is the ability to rapidly prototype and tinker, so if I wanted to add in some new stuff, it is easy – peasy – lemon squeezy.
Well, hope you enjoyed this. I certainly had fun taking a look at something that was built out quite some time ago but continues to keep ticking! If there are any special requests, just let me know!


Lifestyle can be anything, I like to talk about a million and one things and to save me creating category after category, it would be easier to categorise under 1 category.
So lifestyle it is, there are a lot of lifestyle bloggers, but it is all about having an opinion around a subject – and that is something which I certainly have.
So enjoy my views and please interact should you so wish.
Noel Gallagher – Still the king of Rock'n'roll?
Back in 1996 I had a poster on my wall which stated that Noel Gallagher was the king of rock'n'roll for that year, he was my idol at that time and the show at the Manchester Arena on Friday (3rd May 2018) proved without a shadow of doubt he is still the king in my opinion. When tickets became available it was a no brainer! … Continue reading Noel Gallagher – Still the king of Rock'n'roll?
What are those bots doing on my site?!?!
Whenever I think of bots crawling a website, in my head I envision a cute, smart Wall-E like robot speeding off on a secret mission to find website information and to provide this to search engines and to sort it like a librarian. But as an SEO I know that they are 'only' computer programmes that crawls the web and adds pages to its index … Continue reading What are those bots doing on my site?!?!
SEO is a journey – Make sure you know where you want to go!
The reality is, as the title suggests, SEO is a journey! Not a fad or a phase or a 'once only' exercise that needs to be undertaken just because your competitors are undertaking SEO. Business owners and decision makers need to grasp that the investment, time and effort of SEO will benefit the business, generate more leads and generate more revenue as the SEO project … Continue reading SEO is a journey – Make sure you know where you want to go!
Want to feel old? Well blame the Lightning Seeds!!
1997 Now you may ask why blame the Lightning Seeds. I love the Lightning Seeds they are one of the best bands I have seen live in concert. And as such I follow them on both Twitter and Facebook, but at the end of April they put on their Facebook account that one of their biggest songs from 1997, You Showed Me, was 20 years … Continue reading Want to feel old? Well blame the Lightning Seeds!!


text:
EN Switch English and Welsh CYM CYM
ways to foster
types of fostering who can foster
how it works the process common questions
why foster with us
why choose us? support and rewards local success stories
already fostering?
why foster with us?
support and rewards
finance and allowances
Being a foster career with your Foster Wales Cardiff team means you will receive very helpful and generous financial allowances. This support is based on a range of factors such as the type of fostering you will be doing, how many children you will be caring for, and for how long.
For instance, right now in Cardiff, some Foster Carers are receiving between £21,411 and £23,257 per year for the care of one foster child.
other rewards
There are so many perks to being a foster carer. Alongside the support and financial allowances, in Cardiff you will also get:
A comprehensive package of support, including specialist support groups.
A £500 finder's fee when a Foster Carer recommends someone who is subsequently approved as a Cardiff Foster Carer.
Access to free or discounted tickets to family-friendly concerts happening in Cardiff.
Access to free tickets to Cardiff's Christmas Pantomime in the New Theatre
Discounted entry to some of Cardiff's main attractions, such as Cardiff Castle.
the foster wales national commitment
All 22 of our Local Authorities have signed up to the National Commitment. This is an agreed package of support, training and various rewards for all foster carers in Wales.
You will benefit from:
As the Local Authority, we hold the ultimate responsibility for the children in our care. We are connected to every single professional involved in the child's life – from social workers to teachers and healthcare workers. We're all one team.
You'll be a valuable part of this team at Foster Wales Cardiff. We focus on connection to ensure the children in our care and their foster families get the best possible futures, and you'll find that benefits you too.
If our carers are learning and developing as people, then it stands to reason that the people in their care will be too. All carers across Wales are supplied with the tools and training that's necessary to meet the needs of children in our care.
For you this means a personal development plan to look at your fostering journey and help you build beneficial transferable skills alongside your unique fostering experiences. This is very helpful in keeping track of your progress as well as planning for your future.
You're not alone. Remember, there is always a team to support you, encourage you and be the best you can. Your team. At every step of the way, you will have skilled and experienced professional social workers to guide you. They will be there for you, your family and your whole network.
You will also have access to a huge range of support groups. Here, you will be able to meet other foster carers. You can talk, listen, share stories and experiences. We also offer peer support with every local Foster Wales team to help make a world of difference.
You will also benefit from valuable professional support, whenever you need it. This will be available 24/7. We're dedicated to working as a team. Together. Whatever and whenever you need it. We'll be there.
fostering community
We stay connected.
We have regular events and activities which you will always be invited to. This can bring you closer to other foster families and form lasting friendships. New experiences. New memories.
There is also a wealth of information and advice online which you can access at any time. You are never alone.
When you join Foster Wales Cardiff, you'll become a member of The Fostering Network (TFN) and the Association for Fostering and Adoption (AFA) Cymru. These specialist fostering organisations offer independent support, private advice, guidance and a whole host of additional support.
Everyone is on their own personal journey, with unique experiences which shape the people we are today.
At Foster Wales Cardiff, we're all about the next step. That's why we look forward, and you're a huge part of how we shape our future.
Being part of Foster Wales Cardiff means that you will always be heard to shape the future – locally, regionally and nationally. We value your views and we know they will have an impact on how we move forward. For our city and the children who live in it.
contact our local foster care team
Please selectEnglishWelsh
Cardiff Council is the data controller for the personal information you provide on this form. Your information will be used in the exercise of our official authority and will not be used for any other purpose. We will not share your data with third parties unless we are required or permitted to do so by law. Data protection law describes the legal basis for our processing your data as necessary for the performance of a public task. For further information about how Cardiff Council uses your personal data, including your rights as a data subject, please see our privacy notice.
Foster Wales Cardiff County Hall, Atlantic Wharf, Cardiff, CF10 4UW
Visit Foster Wales on Facebook
Visit Foster Wales on Twitter
Visit Foster Wales on LinkedIn
Visit Foster Wales on Instagram
Visit Foster Wales on YouTube
Copyright © 2022. foster wales
Website by Illustrate Digital
This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyse and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience.
Invert Colours


This web site is owned and operated by Reed Business Information Limited ("RBI") and is made available on the following terms and conditions. By using the web site you accept these terms and conditions, which shall be interpreted according to the laws of England.
3.1 RBI grants you a non-exclusive licence to access and use the content in this web site for your personal purposes. You may not reproduce or distribute any part of the content for commercial purposes.
3.2 You acknowledge that the copyright, database rights and all other intellectual property rights comprised in or relating to this web site and in the data it contains belongs to RBI.
RBI reserves the right to remove any comments from the discussion forums at anytime without prior notice.
RBI may at any time make alterations to or to withdraw this web site or any part of it.
6.1 RBI excludes all warranties, express or implied relating to this web site. This includes, but is not limited to, any implied warranty that the information it contains is accurate or up-to-date or is suitable for any particular purpose. RBI shall not be liable for any loss or damage suffered as the result of the use of this web site.
6.2 Assistance given by means of any Help Desk facility shall be solely at your risk.
All advertisements are subject to RBI's standard terms and conditions. Advertisers are reminded of their legal obligations under the Equality Act 2010.


text:
<?php
/* @var $this UsersController */
/* @var $model Users */

$this->breadcrumbs=array(
	'Users'=>array('index'),
	$model->USR_ID=>array('view','id'=>$model->USR_ID),
	'Update',
);

$this->menu=array(
	array('label'=>'List Users', 'url'=>array('index')),
	array('label'=>'Create Users', 'url'=>array('create')),
	array('label'=>'View Users', 'url'=>array('view', 'id'=>$model->USR_ID)),
	array('label'=>'Manage Users', 'url'=>array('admin')),
);
?>

Update Users <?php echo $model->USR_ID; ?>

<?php echo $this->renderPartial('_form', array('model'=>$model)); ?>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
FULL STORY: Hennings is next exchange student to Crailsheim
WORTHINGTON -- Mariah Hennings will be the next student representative to experience a year in Crailsheim, Germany in a student exchange program that dates back to 1965.
Liss Huss (left), the current Crailsheim exchange student to Worthington, joins newly selected Worthington exchange student Mariah Hennings. Hennings will leave this summer for a one-year stay in Worthington's sister city, Crailsheim, Germany. (Julie Buntjer / The Globe)
WORTHINGTON - Mariah Hennings will be the next student representative to experience a year in Crailsheim, Germany in a student exchange program that dates back to 1965.
Hennings gasped in excitement as her name was called during Sunday afternoon's Worthington-Crailsheim International banquet. The Worthington High School sophomore was among two candidates vying for the chance to be the next exchange student to Crailsheim. Abigail Bannor was the second.
Hennings, of Brewster, is the daughter of Lyn Hennings and Rick Hennings. She has two older brothers, Ridge and Kaleb, and one younger brother, Hayden.
Currently enrolled in German I at Worthington High School, Hennings said she applied to be the next exchange student because she wanted to challenge herself, both in school and culturally. She's never travelled abroad, and is looking forward to the experience.
"My family is in large part German, and I also wanted to challenge myself with learning another language," she said. "I hope to learn to have more empathy, to really think of other people before myself and to experience different viewpoints across the globe - to be more aware culturally."
Hennings, who open-enrolled in the Worthington school district as a preschooler, said when she first learned of the student exchange program in the eighth grade, she was interested in the opportunity. Still, she hadn't given the idea strong consideration until earlier this school year.
Though her parents were apprehensive about the idea at first, Hennings said a Feb. 4 informational meeting on the exchange left them all rather excited about the opportunity.
In competing to be the next exchange student to Crailsheim, each student was required to complete a 4-5 page application and obtain two letters of reference, according to Janice Berger, who spearheads the student exchange program locally. This was the first year the informal interview session had to be cancelled due to bad weather, she added.
The formal interview process was conducted by a seven-member committee comprised of Krista Van Note, Kevin Flynn, Rich Besel, Carrie Adams, Dan Rautenkranz and Mark Ludes, with Janice Oberloh also reviewing the applications.
Berger said the sentiments of the committee were that they wished they could send both applicants.
Worthington-Crailsheim International Inc., will pay for the airline tickets for Hennings, as well as current Crailsheim exchange student, Liss Huss, to travel to Crailsheim this summer.
Sunday's banquet included remarks from Huss, who said Worthington has become her second home, and is her second life. During her seven months here, she has participated in tennis and basketball, had two host families and is about to move to her new hosts, Bill and Dawn Gordon.
Huss said her life has changed, and the same will happen for the next exchange student to Crailsheim.
2018-2019 Worthington exchange student Grace Moody gave remarks about her year in Crailsheim, speaking about how the trip changed her life, and noting some of the travels - including a trip to Paris - while she was in Europe.
Chloe Bents, Worthington's current exchange student in Crailsheim, wrote a letter that was ready by her mother, Colleen Bents. In the letter, Chloe said, "For the last seven months I have had the time of my life." While being 4,628 miles from home hasn't always been easy, she has embraced the opportunities. Bents also thanked the sponsors who make the exchange possible.
Crailsheim's Christoph Salinger, who was a student teacher at Worthington High School in the spring of 2018, also attended Sunday's banquet.
Craisheim has already selected its candidate for the exchange program. Emelie Düll will travel to Worthington this summer to begin her year-long experience. Düll has previously visited Worthington in 2013 and 2016. Her older sister, Sophia, was the exchange student to Worthington in 2012-2013.


This stylish and contemporary A5 Refillable Journal is handmade from soft and supple berry red lizard print Italian calf leather . Perfect for keeping travel notes or drawing sketches, each A5 sized Leather Notebook Journal has 144 pages (288 sides) and comes with a choice of buttery cream feint lined or blank pages. Refill pages are available to purchase separately. Ideal for personalising with initials, dates or holiday destinations.


text:
Q: Change registered customer biliing email address on the time of checkout I am trying to implement one functionality where logged in user can able to change the billing email address on the time of checkout. I have tried to do that but all the time it updates customer account email address which I don't want. I have tried by updating email from quote & order both before save order function using $quote->getCustomer->setEmail(",,,,,") & $order->getCustomer()->setEmail("...") but unfortunately all the time it updates customer account email address but I need to update customer email id for particular order only (table- sales-flat-order).
Please suggest any solution.

A: $quote->getCustomer() retrieved the customer model. The email address for the order / quote is stored in the billing address object and in the quote object.
$quote->getBillingAddress()->setEmail('info@example.com');
$quote->setCustomerEmail('info@example.com');

A: I have used like $order->setCustomerEmail('info@example.com'); in saveorder function before save order & it works for me


"tanaka ikko is one of the established masters of graphic design. his work draws together influences from both east and west, acknowledging the vocabulary of european modernism while remaining characteristically japanese. inspired by sources as diverse as traditional japanese illustration techniques and his passion for american jazz, tanaka is internationally renowned for his cultural posters and programmes for theatre and ballet, many for the kanze no theatre."


text:
Datingintheworkplaces com hispanic lesbians dating personals
In the twentieth century, dating was sometimes seen as a precursor to marriage but it could also be considered as an end-in-itself, that is, an informal social activity akin to friendship.It generally happened in that portion of a person's life before the age of marriage, enabled dates to be arranged without face-to-face contact.From about 1700 a worldwide movement perhaps described as the "empowerment of the individual" took hold, leading towards greater emancipation of women and equality of individuals.
Social rules regarding dating vary considerably according to variables such as country, social class, race, religion, age, sexual orientation and gender.Neurobiologist Robert Sapolsky constructed a reproductive spectrum with opposite poles being tournament species, in which males compete fiercely for reproductive privileges with females, and pair bond arrangements, in which a male and female will bond for life.These species-particular behavior patterns provide a context for aspects of human reproduction, including dating.Each culture has particular patterns which determine such choices as whether the man asks the woman out, where people might meet, whether kissing is acceptable on a first date, the substance of conversation, who should pay for meals or entertainment, Since dating can be a stressful situation, there is the possibility of humor to try to reduce tensions.For example, director Blake Edwards wanted to date singing star Julie Andrews, and he joked in parties about her persona by saying that her "endlessly cheerful governess" image from movies such as Mary Poppins and The Sound of Music gave her the image of possibly having "lilacs for pubic hair"; While the term dating has many meanings, the most common refers to a trial period in which two people explore whether to take the relationship further towards a more permanent relationship; in this sense, dating refers to the time when people are physically together in public as opposed to the earlier time period in which people are arranging the date, perhaps by corresponding by email or text or phone.
Dating as an institution is a relatively recent phenomenon which has mainly emerged in the last few centuries.
Free hardcore cams
Naked cams
Free text sex chat free
christian dating sites young adults
plent of fish dating
detailsview1 fired event itemupdating which
Adult chat name generators