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Philip Teoh International Lawyer & Arbitrator; Partner & Head of Practice Azmi & Associates
Conflict of Laws. Aspects of Maritime Disputes and Maritime Arbitration
Maritime law is one of the most relevant and evolving branches of international arbitration
In this comprehensive article, Mr Philip Teoh provides an overview of the many principles of conflict of laws that can arise in maritime cases and maritime arbitration. Mr Teoh is a partner in and heads the shipping, international trade and arbitration practice of the firm Azmi & Associates, Malaysia.
Mr Teoh is an arbitrator in a range of maritime arbitration centres including LMAA, SCMA, EMAC, ICC, LCIA, AIAC, KCAB, and AABD Brunei. He has been in legal practice in Singapore and Malaysia for over 30 years and has written practitioner texts on maritime law and other titles including "Halsbury's Laws of Malaysia on Equity" and "Conflict of Laws". His profile can be found on LinkedIn.
On July 23 this year Mr Teoh delivered a presentation hosted by Semaphore Western Australia Branch which reviewed the kinds of disputes now escalating in the region in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Maritime arbitration is also the most common dispute resolution choice in resolving maritime disputes.
Shipping moves international trade and the global economy. It connects countries, economies and businesses. As maritime trade involves parties across borders, there will be interplay of different legal systems as the cargo moves across borders.
Maritime Law and Practice of Shipping
Maritime law may be defined as the corpus of rules, concepts and legal practices governing the business of carrying goods and passengers by sea [1].
Many maritime cases have contributed to the development of legal principles especially in the area of contract law. Just to name a few, the case of The Moorcock [2] introduced the concept of implied terms into English law and established the business efficacy test for implying a term in fact. The case from which the Himalaya Clause takes its name, Adler v Dickson (The Himalaya) [3], which is the case from which the Himalaya clause originates and takes its name, introduced the concept that a contracting party can stipulate an exemption from liability not only for himself, but also for third parties whom he engages to perform the contract or any part thereof.
The English Court of Appeal in Hong Kong Fir Shipping v Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha [4] established the important distinction between conditions, warranties and innominate terms for the purpose of determining whether a repudiatory breach of contract has occurred to give rise to the right of termination.
Maritime law closely reflects practices of the industry. The sage advice of Lord Mustill should be borne in mind:
"The Law and practice of shipping law have always been closely entwined. There can surely be no other branch of commerce where the practical people know, and need to know, so much of the law; and where professionals know, and need to know, so much of the practice." [5]
In the course of handling the maritime dispute, the courts or the tribunal may be called upon to interpret provisions of the common maritime conventions such as the Hague Rules, Hague-Visby Rules or the York Antwerp Rules. It would be important to bear in mind that these rules are incorporated in most bills of lading as well as charterparties and other common forms of contracts used in international shipping. The uniformity of interpretation across different jurisdictions is important to maintaining certainty of principle and industry norms.
As stated in Stage Line Ltd v Foscolo Mango & Co Ltd [6]:
"It is important to remember that the Act of 1924 was the outcome of an international conference and that the rules in the schedule have an international currency. As these rules must come under the consideration of the foreign courts it is desirable in the interests of uniformity that their interpretation should not be rigidly controlled by domestic precedents of antecedent date, but rather that the language of the rules should be construed on broad principles of general acceptation."
Parties Choice
It is inevitable that the parties in the maritime adventure will as far as possible provide for the application of laws they are most familiar with. For instance, the Japanese shipping lines may provide for disputes to be tried at the Tokyo District Court and the application of Japanese Law [7]. In charter parties, the party with the dominant bargaining power will decide on the choice of the arbitration centre and choice of law to govern the contract [8]. Sometimes the provision left in the charterparty or contract of affreightment is provided by one party with the other party providing no input through either ignorance or failure to consider their significance.
Maritime arbitration is also the most common dispute resolution choice in resolving maritime disputes, with good reason. Parties of different nationalities may not be comfortable to submitting their disputes to the national courts of the counterparty. One of the consequences of the choice of national courts is that only lawyers of that country can act in litigation of those courts. However, the reality is that judgements of national courts are of limited recognition outside its borders [9].
Forum Selection
Most shipping lines will provide in their bill of lading terms for a specific dispute resolution forum to file claims [10]. If the clause provides for a specific court to have exclusive jurisdiction, the court will normally give effect to the clause and stay any proceedings brought in breach of the agreed jurisdiction unless strong cause is shown why stay should not be granted [11]. If the clause provides for a specific court to have non-exclusive jurisdiction, then stay of actions brought in other courts will be decided on grounds of forum non conveniens [12].
In The Atlantic Star [13], Lord Denning MR famously stated:
"You may call this 'forum shopping' if you please, but if the forum is England, it is a good place to shop in, both for the quality of the goods and the speed of service."
New York Convention
The Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, commonly known as the New York Convention, was adopted by a United Nations diplomatic conference on June 10, 1958 and entered into force on June 7, 1959 created a system where state signatories gave effect to recognition of arbitration awards in countries which acceded to the New York Convention. As of June 2020, there are 165 state signatories [14].
Signatories to the New York Convention will recognise and enforce an international or foreign arbitral award under the convention if that arbitral award has been rendered by an arbitral tribunal sitting in a country which is also a signatory to the New York Convention.
This wide recognition allows, say an australian arbitration award to be recognised and enforceable by registration in Indonesia, China or USA whilst a judgement of the Australian Court will not be.
When events or transactions involving civil and commercial matters are not confined within the borders of a single country, the indigenous legal systems of the different countries involved may have substantive laws that govern the subject matter of the legal dispute in very different ways. Conflict of laws rules allow for some necessary adjustment between these different substantive laws.
Conflict of laws (sometimes called private international law) concerns the process for determining the applicable law to resolve disputes. Another issue that arise is determining the forum to resolve the dispute.
The conflict of laws questions that can arise in a shipping dispute are:
(1) whether the court has jurisdiction to entertain the case
(2) if so, what system of law, local or foreign, it should apply
There may sometimes be a third question, namely, whether the court will recognise or enforce a foreign judgment purporting to determine the issue between the parties.
The Charactersation Question
Whereas matters of substantive law are governed by the lex causae, namely the law applicable under the local rules for the choice of law, all matters of procedure are governed by the lex fori, namely the law of the country in which the action is brought [15].
It is not always easy to classify rules of law into those which are substantive and those which are procedural, but, generally speaking, it may be said that substantive rules give or define the right which it is sought to enforce and procedural rules govern the mode of proceeding or machinery by which the right is enforced [16].
At common law, where the parties have expressly stipulated that a contract is to be governed by a particular law, that law applies so long as the selection is bona fide and legal and does not contradict public policy [17].
In the English House of Lords case of Compagnie Tunisienne de Navigation SA v Compagnie d'Armement Maritime SA [18] the court considered what was the proper law of the contract in a situation where parties did not express a choice of governing law in their contract. The inquiry must always be to discover the law with which the contract has the closest and most real connection. The mere fact that arbitration was to be in London did not mean that what was, in reality, a French contract of affreightment had to be governed by English rather than French law. It did not matter at all that English arbitrators would have to apply French law. It is by no means uncommon for the proper law of the substantive contract to be different from the lex fori.
Arbitral Seat
The Seat of the Arbitral Tribunal is the judicial seat of the arbitration, rather than a geographical location or venue where the hearing is conducted. The seat designates the applicable law, procedure and international competence of a national court for the challenge of the award [19].
Most arbitration statutes and institutional rules recognise the distinction between the seat of the arbitration and the venue in which hearings may be held [20]. It is not necessary for the seat of arbitration and the venue of the arbitration to be the same location (though often they are) and even when hearings take place during the course of the arbitration in several different countries, the chosen seat of arbitration will remain unaffected.
Emergency Arbitrator
Arbitration has very clear advantages in disputes between two parties of different nationalities. More often than not, the appointment of an arbitrator or constitution of an arbitral tribunal takes time. Urgent action may need to be taken prior to the constitution of the tribunal to preserve evidence, goods which may be perishable, indirect publishing of confidential information by commencing legal action, all of which will defeat intended arbitration. Either local or national court may provide interim urgent remedies but it is not confidential hence requiring local counsel.
An emergency arbitrator can be appointed expeditiously. The emergency arbitrator is not a part of the intended pending arbitral tribunal. Emergency arbitrators are not appointed by parties, the power to appoint must be accorded in institutional arbitration rules [21]. An emergency arbitrator will be accorded wide powers to grant necessary conservancy powers. He is empowered temporarily until intended arbitral tribunal is constituted. Once constituted, the arbitral tribunal is not bound by the emergency arbitrator's orders and has the option to confirm, vary, adopt or set aside orders made.
Generally both parties who are desirous of proceeding with the arbitration will comply with the orders of the emergency arbitrator. If the defaulting party does not comply, the order will need to be enforced in the jurisdiction of the defaulting party. The issue that arose is whether that jurisdiction recognises such orders? It is worth noting that emergency arbitrators' orders are not an arbitral award.
The arbitration laws of many key countries, however, expands the definition of arbitral tribunal to include emergency arbitrator would allow enforcement [22].
Cultural Aspects of International Arbitration
It is inevitable that international arbitration will involve arbitrators, counsel hailing from diverse legal backgrounds. A Russian lawyer may face an English lawyer in a maritime arbitration before a panel of three arbitrators with civil and common law backgrounds. Whilst the parties may have consensus on the governing law, they may have different approaches towards conduct of the hearing. The flexibility of arbitration and adaptability of the tribunal will accommodate these differences and often there will be problem.
Sometimes it is simply getting to know the tribunal members. A retired judge used to sitting in a formal court setting may be more familiar and comfortable with a setting not dissimilar with his former environs. Similarly, a lay arbitrator may not be comfortable with too much technicalities and the counsel should adapt his arguments accordingly.
The tribunal must understand and properly apply the governing law to the dispute in the reference. If principles are misapplied or ignored this may lead to the issues of arbitral misconduct.
This article was originally published in Semaphore, the Maritime Law Association of Australia and New Zealand.
See article references.
1 Grant Gilmore and Charles L Black Jr, The Law of Admiralty (2nd edn, The Foundation Press Inc, 1975) p.1
2 (1889) 14 PD 64
3 [1954] 3 WLR 696
4 [1962] 2 QB 26
5 See https://www.shippinglbc.com/about/news/the-rt-hon-the-lord-mustill/
6 [1931] All ER Rep 666, Lord Macmillan (at p 677) on interpreting the UK Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1924
7 Eg, Mitsui OSK: https://www.mol.co.jp/en/info/bl/img/bl-m.pdf
8 The BIMCO Charterparty Forms recently added Singapore as one of the stipulated Arbitration Venues in addition to London and New York: https://www.bimco.org/search-result?term=Arbitration
9 For instance the UK Courts recognise Judgements of Courts of other countries on a reciprocal basis as provided under the Foreign Judgments (Reciprocal Enforcement) Act 1933.This method of recognition is followed in many common law countries which follows English legacy. The 2019 Hague Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments is new and have not gained acceptance in many countries
10 See eg, Maersk: https://terms.maersk.com/carriage
11 See Brandon LJ in Aratra Potato Co Ltd v Egyptian Navigation Co, The El Amria [1981] 2 Lloyd's Rep 119; The Pioneer Container; KH Enterprise (cargo owners) v Pioneer Container (owners) [1994] 2 All ER 250 [1994] 2 All ER 250
12 See the forum non conveniens principles as set out in the House of Lords decision of Spiliada Maritime Corp v Cansulex Ltd [1987] AC 460, [1986] 3 All ER 843, HL
13 [1973] QB 364 at 381–382
14 See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_on_the_Recognition_and_Enforcement_of_Foreign_Arbitral_Awards
15 Chaplin v Boys [1971] AC 356 at 378–379, [1969] 2 All ER 1085 at 1092–1093, HL, per Lord Hodson, at 380–383 and 1093–1096 per Lord Guest, at 392–393 and 1104–1105 per Lord Wilberforce, and at 393–395 and 1105–1107 per Lord Pearson; cf James Miller & Partners Ltd v Whitworth Street Estates (Manchester) Ltd [1970] AC 583 at 606–607, [1970] 1 All ER 796 at 801, HL, per Lord Hodson, and at 616 and 809–810 per Lord Wilberforce (law governing arbitration procedure). See also Re Fuld's Estate (No 3), Hartley v Fuld [1968] P 675 at 695, [1965] 3 All ER 776 at 779 per Scarman J
16 See Poyser v Minors (1881) 7 QBD 329 at 333, CA (Eng), per Lush LJ; and see Re Shoesmith [1938] 2 KB 637, [1938] 3 All ER 186, CA (Eng)
17 See Vita Food Products Inc v Unus Shipping Co Ltd [1939] AC 277 [1939] 1 All ER 513, PC; Lloyd v Guibert (1865) LR 1 QB 115; R v International Trustee for the Protection of Bondholders AG [1937] AC 500, [1937] 2 All ER 164, HL; Tzortzis v Monark Line A/B [1968] 1 All ER 949, [1968] 1 WLR 406, CA (Eng); James Miller & Partners Ltd v Whitworth Street Estates (Manchester) Ltd [1970] AC 583, [1970] 1 All ER 796, HL
18 [1970] 3 All ER 71
19 Section 3 of the UK Arbitration Act 1996 provides: "In this Part 'the seat of the arbitration' means the juridical seat of the arbitration designated- (a) By the parties to the arbitration agreement, or (b) By any arbitral or other institution or person vested by the parties with powers in that regard, or (c) By the arbitral tribunal if so authorised by the parties, or determined, in the absence of any such designation, having regard to the parties' agreement and all the relevant circumstances." See also Process & Industrial Developments Ltd v The Federal Republic of Nigeria [2019] EWHC 2241 (Comm) where Butcher J discussed the concept of Seat vs Venue in Arbitration S E M A P H O R E Copyright 2009-2020 Maritime Law Association of Australia and New Zealand
20 Eg, Article 14 of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Arbitration Rules and Article 16 of the London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA) Arbitration Rules
21 The Institutional Rules of many key Arbitral Centres have provisions for appointing Emergency Arbitrators eg, LMAA, EMAC, SIAC, SCMA, AIAC. Schedule 3 of the AIAC Arbitration Rules 2018 sets out emergency interim measures which the emergency arbitrators can exercise. Rule 1 of the Schedule states that a party may make an application on or after filing of Commencement Request but it must be done prior to constitution of arbitral tribunal. Rule 2 provides that the application must be made in a written form and send to Director and copied to all Parties simultaneously, with documents and details required Rule 1 is similar with SIAC Rules 2016 where Rule 1 of the latter provides that a party that wishes to seek emergency interim relief may, concurrent with or following the filing of a Notice of Arbitration but prior to the constitution of the Tribunal
22 See also the author's Article in Volume 33 of the Young Arbitration Review July 2019, The Emergency Arbitrator in Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong and Brunei


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Q: Can a modern motherboard drives same size and same frequency memory modules at different timings simultaneously? I have a system with i7-10700K on Asus PRIME Z390-A motherboard with 2 x 16 GB DDR4-3200 (CMK32GX4M2B3200C16) with 16-18-18-36 timing.
I want to install additional 2 x 16 GB DDR4-3200 modules (CMK32GX4M2E3200C16), but the new pair has 16-20-20-38 timing instead of 16-18-18-36.
The Asus motherboard BIOS has tons of memory settings overrides; however I'm not sure if I can set it per module.  If I sets the overall setting to XMP or XMP II, will the motherboard drive the module at a common denominator (say 16-20-20-38) or at each module's precise timing?  Is it possible for the 16-18-18-36 module to be driven at 16-20-20-38?

A: You can only use one set of timings across all memory modules.
If you are selecting a memory configuration manually, which is often the case with XMP, you should make sure to select the looser timings, i.e. the ones with the larger numbers.
Running memory at looser timings is fine, but running tighter timings than it has been validated at may or may not work, and may lead to subtle stability issues.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Q: Arch Linux just started randomly opening 3 terminals every time I start up. How do I stop this? My Arch Linux install opens 3 terminal windows at startup all of a sudden. This started happening after I updated using yay. The operation I did previous to that was to install nix. Could that have something to do with it?
I have already checked:

*

*.xinitrc (pretty sure I'm not using xinit at startup anyway)

*applications>settings>settings manager>session and startup>application autostart

What else can I check/change to stop this behavior?


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WWE SmackDown Live. Review January 31, 2018
Shinsuke Nakamura's entrance wows the WWE Universe: SummerSlam 2017 (WWE Network Exclusive) - Image credit - WWE | YouTube
Fallout from Royal Rumble builds tension on blue brand, starting the Road to WrestleMania
by Steven Vitte (article) and Megan Wilson (video)
January 31, 2018 at 8:31 AM January 31, 2018 at 8:31 AM
WWE SmackDown Live! Review January 31, 2018 - Video
The Road To Wrestlemania officially began with the 2018 Royal Rumble event on Sunday, January 28 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 30 WWE Superstars had the opportunity to make a name for themselves and punch their ticket to the grandest stage of them all, but only one could prevail. What may have been shocking to some fans, but indeed delightful for most fans to see, was the man who won the Men's Royal Rumble Match.
Strong Style reigning supreme
Known as the "King of Strong Style", Shinsuke Nakamura was the one who outlasted 29 other Superstars to win the Royal Rumble, and he started the engine for the SmackDown Live show after the Royal Rumble event.
Nakamura cut a basic promo stating that he gave knees to the faces of some of his Royal Rumble opponents. It was actually catchy to listen to when he was naming opponents like John Cena, for example, and then saying "Knee to face!" Nakamura also made it clear that he expects to face the current WWE World Heavyweight Champion AJ Styles at WrestleMania.
This promo motivated Kevin Owens and Sami Zayn to come out and interrupt Nakamura. The team of best friends were none too pleased about what happened to them in their championship match against Styles at the Royal Rumble, though they were at a 2-to-1 advantage since it was a Handicap Match.
Owens and Zayn complained all the way down to the ring how they were robbed of their championship opportunity because of the referee's incompetence. Nakamura simply replied to the duo that they are losers.
Styles himself then came out to help Nakamura and he challenged Owens and Zayn to a tag team match between the four of them later on in the night. Owens and Zayn initially walked away, but then came back on to the apron of the ring and said 'no.' They both got punched off the apron for their troubles.
All the rest of the blue brand's action
A very entertaining Fatal 4-Way Match to determine the number one contender for the WWE United States Championship occurred in front of Philadelphia fans at the Wells Fargo Arena. Zack Ryder of the Hype Bros, Kofi Kingston of the New Day, Rusev and Jinder Mahal were the 4 Superstars fighting for that number one contender's spot.
Ryder picked his spots well as he got in some big hits, though there was one dangerous spot where it looked like he landed hard to the outside of the ring after hitting a Slingshot Dropkick.
Kofi continued to show just how agile and mobile he is. Mahal was the one who used vicious strikes in this match. Rusev appeared to be the one who was the most over with the Philadelphia crowd as chants of "Rusev Day" could be heard throughout the match.
A humorous spot in the match was when Rusev was attempting to dive to the outside. He was pulled back by one of the Singh Brothers, a lackey of Mahal's. Aiden English then confronted the Singh Brother and shoved him back into Xavier Woods and Big E of the New Day, causing Big E to drop his tray of pancakes. The referee eventually threw everyone at ringside out.
Rusev picked up the victory by making Kofi tap out to his "Accolade" submission hold, which is a variant of the Camel Clutch. Rusev will now face WWE United States Champion Bobby Roode for the title on next week's SmackDown Live!
WWE SmackDown Tag Team Champions Jimmy Uso and Jey Uso cut a promo stating how they have put every other tag team in the WWE on notice. The Usos noticeably had a confident swagger when they were delivering this promo as they stated how they have had the SmackDown Tag Team Division on "lock down" for a long time.
Fandago and Tyler Breeze cut another comedy segment with the assist of The Ascendance, but one tag team didn't find this segment so amusing.
Chad Gable and Shelton Benjamin called Breezango and The Ascendance clowns and that they were making the Tag Team Division on SmackDown a disgrace. Gable and Benjamin proceeded to flip over a table that had laptop computers the other two tag teams were working on.
Breezango took on Gable and Benjamin in a tag team match, but it wouldn't take long for the latter to establish themselves as superior on this night. Gable and Benjamin hit a Powerbomb and Top Rope Diving Clothesline combo to get the victory via pin.
In other news, the Bludgeon Brothers, Luke Harper, and Eric Rowan, beat up a team of jobbers.
Let's just say this wasn't pretty for the jobbers.
SmackDown General Manager Daniel Bryan announced the debut of a process called the "SmackDown Top Ten." The rules of the SmackDown Top Ten are simple as all of the Superstars on the blue brand are allowed to vote for who they think are the ten best at the moment. The only catch here is no SmackDown Superstar can vote for himself. Bryan noted that neither he nor SmackDown Commissioner Shane McMahon will have a vote in this process.
Speaking of Shane he was caught in the middle of an argument between Baron Corbin and Tye Dillinger backstage, both of which were unhappy with how their experience at the 2018 Royal Rumble went.
Shane booked a match between Corbin and Dillinger on the spot. This match featured rough strikes like it was a brawl on the streets, but in the end the power of the "Lone Wolf" Baron Corbin proved to be too much for the "Perfect Ten" Tye Dillinger. Corbin secured the winning pin after hitting his "End of Days" Flat Liner.
WWE SmackDown Women's Champion Charlotte Flair came out to the ring to cut a promo. She was intending to talk about what had gone down at the Royal Rumble where 30 women made history by having their very own Royal Rumble match for the first time. She was hinting at talking about Asuka, the first winner of the Women's Royal Rumble Match, and Ronda Rousey, who made her shocking WWE debut at the very end of the event.
However, the Riott Squad had other ideas. Ruby Riott, Sarah Logan and Liv Morgan interrupted Flair and called her out on her huge ego that is the size of her father's. Ruby stated that while Charlotte was indeed talented, she was also "impossibly arrogant" and felt "impossibly entitled" and that Charlotte was only a cheap imitation of Ric Flair.
Moments later the Riott Squad attacked Charlotte and attempted to make an example out of her. While Flair fought back as hard as she could, the Riott Squad had the strength in numbers and laid her out. This motivated Carmella, who is still carrying the women's money in the bank briefcase, to run down to the ring and attempt to cash the briefcase in.
Believing that she had Charlotte right where she wanted her Carmella gave her briefcase to the referee. However, things went terribly wrong for Carmella as she accidentally dropkicked the referee from behind, causing him to tumble out of the ring. Seeing the referee knocked out, Carmella panicked as she saw Charlotte beginning to recover from her previous attack. Carmella eventually backtracked, took back her briefcase and ran off.
Finally, the main event of the evening took place as AJ Styles and took on Kevin Owens and Sami Zayn. This match was anything but graceful for the likes of Owens and Zayn as they would constantly argue over who should be tagged in and when they should be helping each other.
After exchanging words with Owens, Zayn threatened to walk out on his tag team partner, but then he came back to the ring to help.
Miscommunication between the best friends continued, and then Zayn officially walked out on Owens. Styles and Nakamura were their usual selves, hitting big moves like the Pele Kick and forearm strikes in Styles, and various knee strikes and MMA strikes in Nakamura. Thanks to the "Kinshasa" knee strike to Owens, Nakamura got the winning pin for his team.
SmackDown has only begun its road to WrestleMania as there is more action sure to come from now until April 8.
Steven Vitte
Read more on the same topic from Steven Vitte:
'Blue Bloods' season 8 episode 14 'School of Hard Knocks': Dicey situations Blue Jackets steady victory heading into break Sonic the Hedgehog: IDW Comic reveal and future direction

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


All Seasons Marine converts an outboard-powered Eliminator 25 Daytona to a No.6 stern drive with devastating results!
Looking for perfomance, then look no further. This combination is good for speeds in excess of 135 MPH! Yes 135+ MPH!!!
The heart of this beast is the the engine. All Seasons Marine in Boulder City completed all of the work. The engine is a 598-c.i.Chevy bowtie block with stroker Lunati crank, JE pistons, and Carrillo rods. The camshaft is a solid roller Crane with Manely valves and D&T roller rockers. The cylinder heads are Dart 360's and are fully polished and ported. The oil pump, pan, filter, cooler, and motor mounts are from Keith Eickert. To top things off a Mooneyham 14-71 supercharger with dual 1050-cfm Dominator carburators and a Richard Lee intercooler feed this beast. The exhaust system is an IMCO PowerFlow Plus with integral IMCO Mega-Mufflers built into custom-fabricated forward-curl stainless steel tailpipes. A B&M 2-speed transmission distributes the power to a Mercruiser No. 6 dry sump outdrive. The drive ratio is 1.24:1 and it spins a Mercury lab-finished four-blade 16 X 27 stainless steel prop. On the dyno, this combination developed approximately 1120 horsepower. This boat also features a very well appointed and comfortable interior.


Governor Mike Sonko is giving out sh 300,000 to anyone with information on the whereabouts of Dandora based human rights activist Caroline Mwatha.
Matha, a vocal human rights activist who has been documenting extra-judicial killings in Dandora has been missing since Wednesday last week.
One of her cases includes the brutal murder of six residents in October last year. Police said the six were part of a gang that had hijacked a motorist but it was later revealed that the trigger angry officers just killed innocent civilians.
Her search has been extended to water bodies and forests in Nairobi and its vicinity. Coordinator Wilfred Olal said they have written to relevant bodies to grant them access to forests and rivers.


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Chapter 2086 - 2086 Dreams are meant for the night
2086 Dreams are meant for the night
Translator: GodBrandy
Editor: Kurisu
Song Shuhang gritted his teeth, and then moved his hand toward the screen, tapping on the [No] button.
He, Song Shuhang, was not a person who would vent his anger on others.
It was Heavenly Silver Trigram who had made the masks, not Senior Copper Trigram. So, he could not move his Close Friend Copper Trigram to the blacklist for such a trivial reason.
The VIP— Emh, the blacklist was a list that was easy for others to enter but difficult to leave.
As such, he could not do something like move Senior Copper Trigram to the blacklist as he might not be able to move him out.
At most, if he were to meet Silver Trigram in the future, he could blacklist him.
Injustice had its reasons, and debt had its owner.
Blaming innocent people for no reason was just a sign of being a failure.
Therefore, Senior Copper Trigram should stay in the good friend list!
❄❄❄
Song Shuhang sighed deeply and looked at Sister White Dragon, who looked exactly like Sixteen.
Once again, it should be emphasized that the disguising technique of the metal trigram clan was truly an evil cheat code. In addition, they were just wearing a mask, so why did it also change their bodies?
It just does not make any sense!
"Sister White Dragon, it was not easy for me to muster up the courage to do what I did." Song Shuhang sighed.
Luckily, the dense branches and leaves slightly helped with his embarrassment.
It was the first time in his life that he had flirted with another person in public, and all of this started because he blurted out some random nonsense in the beginning.
But after blurting out the line "Sixteen, can you flirt with me?", he could only thicken up his face and go with the flow.
In order to reproduce this kind of scene again, the stars would have to align, and he had no idea when such an opportunity would present itself.
However, a man's plans could never match the plans of heaven.
Little did he expect that Sixteen and Sister White Dragon had switched their appearance.
Sister White Dragon said softly, "How about I just keep quiet and you continue with whatever you were doing?"
Her gentle tone was like that of a person taking pity on a foolish child.
Song Shuhang raised his head and looked at the sky. After a second, he forcibly changed the subject, "Sister White Dragon, why did you switch appearances with Sixteen?"
The change in topic was a bit abrupt, but it could at least take away the embarrassment.
"Senior Song, you can say that it's because of me." The black-skinned Soft Feather raised her hand timidly and said, "Just now, toward the end of your meditation, I was studying that mask of Silver Trigram that Senior White gave me earlier."
Toward the end of Song Shuhang's meditative state, things had already stabilized, so no one was worried about him anymore.
Finding herself bored and with nothing to do, the black-skinned Soft Feather remembered the mask that she was given earlier and wanted to see what uses it had.
Song Shuhang looked at her in puzzlement. "What does that have to do with Sixteen and Sister White Dragon switching appearances?"
How could a chef practicing cooking ultimately become a master of traditional painting?
When being stared at by Song Shuhang, the black-skinned Soft Feather lowered her head in embarrassment and said weakly, "It's because I remembered that I'm an inner demon, and so I can transform into whatever I want even without this mask. Because of that, I felt that the mask was useless to me, so I let Sister White Dragon try it out instead."
Sister White Dragon explained gently, "Since the human being I am most familiar with is Sixteen, I chose to use the disguise mask to change into her. The mask, plus my understanding of Sixteen, allowed me to imitate her appearance and replicate about 50% of her personality."
If she had not been interrupted by Song Shuhang, given some time, she would have been able to replicate about 80% of Sixteen's personality.
Song Shuhang then looked at Sixteen, who currently looked like White Dragon.
Still, why did Sixteen turn into Sister White Dragon?
As if seeing through Song Shuhang's thoughts, Sixteen explained, "Sister White Dragon discovered that this mask is very powerful, and it doesn't only have the ability to change one's appearance. When she disguised herself as me, she felt that the process was the same as when she used the dragon race's natural ability to transform into a human. So, she asked me to try to disguise myself as her to see if I would gain anything from it."
Song Shuhang nodded and asked, "Did it have any effect?"
Sixteen replied, "Yes, it was quite effective."
When she transformed into Sister White Dragon, she felt as if her body had become that of a dragon.
Every scale on her body, and even her dragon claws and dragon tail, felt exceedingly real.
It was as if she had really transformed into a dragon.
Sixteen was currently activating her true dragon bloodline, and her body was in the stage of transforming into a dragon.
After using Immortal Master Silver Trigram's mask, her understanding of the process increased considerably. Moreover, the true dragon bloodline in her body seemed to have been stimulated and became very active.
Affected by this, the spiritual energy in Sixteen's body started increasing.
In addition, Sister White Dragon released the seal suppressing Sixteen's power, so her strength began to rise quickly.
Song Shuhang smiled and said, "That's great then."
He just felt a little bit regretful.
Sister White Dragon, who currently looked like Sixteen, could see through his thoughts at a glance, so she said through voice transmission, "If you're feeling regretful, then go ahead and flirt with Sixteen again. With your steel face that even the heavenly tribulation can't tear apart, what are you afraid of? Also, it's not just you who feels that it's a pity. If you look closely, you'll be able to see that little Sixteen's dragon scales are quivering slightly. That's a sign that she's also feeling some regret right now."
Song Shuhang rolled his eyes.
Sixteen currently looks like you, Sister White Dragon. How can I make a move?
At this time, Senior Divine Dragon said, "This disguise is really commendable."
It had cast a true sight magical technique of the dragon race, and its eyes were shining brightly
In addition, it had special authority as Garre Holy Mountain's trial officer. In order to prevent anyone from sneaking into the trail grounds, its position gave it the power to see through things such as illusions and disguises.
But now, even with its authority and the magical technique guaranteeing it true sight, it could not see through the disguises of Sixteen and White Dragon.
It felt as if the two of them had really swapped bodies. Rather than a disguise, it looked more similar to a monster cultivator's ability to transform into a human after the Fifth Stage.
After the Fifth Stage, whether it was their monster form or their human form, both were a part of their true bodies. For this reason, they could freely choose to appear in their monster or human form when they became a Profound Sage and had to deliver their Profound Sage Speech.
The divine dragon recounted what it saw and its guesses.
Sister White Dragon translated its words.
"After changing your appearance, it feels as if even your body has changed…" Song Shuhang pinched his chin and pondered.
If he really gained the ability to change his appearance like Fifth Stage monster cultivators… When he advanced to the Eighth Stage in the future, could he use this mask to change his appearance into one that was highly attractive?
The thought alone made him feel excited.
However, he quickly shook his head.
Dreams are meant for the night. How can a mask possibly deceive the heavenly tribulation?
"Fwoo~"
At this time, the energy that Demon Emperor Hezhi was sending over through his clone finally dried up.
In the next moment, six dragon pearls floated above Song Shuhang's head.
They circled around him as if saying goodbye and went back to their owners.
The Almighty Merchant leaned over and asked, "Where's the dragon pearl I lent you?"


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text:
from datetime import datetime
from math import ceil
from ironworks import serverTools
from modules_lib.pyEMONCMS import cmsSettings

class Process():

    def __init__(self):
        self.settings = serverTools.getCMSSettings()
        if self.settings == None:
            self.settings = cmsSettings.Settings()
            serverTools.setCMSSettings(self.settings)
        self.logger = serverTools.getLogger()
        self.timezoneoffset = None

    def set_timezone_offset(self, timezoneoffset):
        self.timezoneoffset = timezoneoffset

    def get_process_list(self):
        return self.settings.getProcessList()

    def input(self, time, value, processList):
        logString = "input received time=" + str(time) + ", value=" + str(value)
        self.logger.log(logString, "INFO")

        process_list = self.get_process_list()
        """for process in process_list:
            processid = process[0]                                    # Process id

            $arg = 0;
            if (isset($inputprocess[1]))
                $arg = $inputprocess[1];               // Can be value or feed id

            $process_public = $process_list[$processid][2];             // get process public function name

            $value = $this->$process_public($arg,$time,$value);           // execute process public function
        """

    def get_process(self, processid):
        processList = self.get_process_list()
        if processid > 0 and processid < len(processList):
            return processList[processid - 1]

    def scale(self, arg, time, value):
        return value * arg

    def divide(self, arg, time, value):
        return value / arg

    def offset(self, arg, time, value):
        return value + arg

    def allowpositive(self, arg, time, value):
        if value < 0:
            value = 0
        return value

    def allownegative(self, arg, time, value):
        if value > 0:
            value = 0
        return value

    def reset2zero(self, arg, time, value):
        value = 0
        return value

    def signed2unsigned(self, arg, time, value):
        if value < 0:
            value = value + 65536
        return value

    def log_to_feed(self, inputid, time, value):
        self.settings.logToFeed(inputid, time, value)
        return value

    #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Times value by current value of another input
    #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    def times_input(self, inputid, time, value):
        return value * self.settings.getLastValue(inputid)

    def divide_input(self, inputid, time, value):
        lastval = self.settings.getLastValue(inputid)
        if lastval > 0:
            return value / lastval
        else:
            return None  # should this be null for a divide by zero?

    def update_feed_data(self, inputid, time, value):
        self.settings.updateFeedData(inputid, time, value)
        return value

    def add_input(self, inputid, time, value):
        return value + self.settings.getLastValue(inputid)

    def subtract_input(self, inputid, time, value):
        return value - self.settings.getLastValue(inputid)

    #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Power to kwh
    #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    def power_to_kwh(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        new_kwh = 0

        # Get last value
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)

        last['time'] = datetime.strptime(last['time'])
        if last['value'] == "null":
            last['value'] = 0
        last_kwh = last['value'] * 1
        last_time = last['time'] * 1

        # only update if last datapoint was less than 2 hour old
        # this is to reduce the effect of monitor down time on creating
        # often large kwh readings.
        if last_time and (datetime.now() - last_time) < 7200:
            # kWh calculation
            time_elapsed = (time_now - last_time)
            kwh_inc = (time_elapsed * value) / 3600000.0
            new_kwh = last_kwh + kwh_inc
        else:
            # in the event that redis is flushed the last time will
            # likely be > 7200s ago and so kwh inc is not calculated
            # rather than enter 0 we enter the last value
            new_kwh = last_kwh

        self.settings.insertFeedData(feedid, time_now, time_now, new_kwh)

        return value

    def power_to_kwhd(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        new_kwh = 0

        # Get last value
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)

        last['time'] = datetime.strptime(last['time'])
        if last['value'] == "null":
            last['value'] = 0
        last_kwh = last['value'] * 1
        last_time = last['time'] * 1

        #$current_slot = floor($time_now / 86400) * 86400;
        #$last_slot = floor($last_time / 86400) * 86400;
        current_slot = self.getstartday(time_now)
        last_slot = self.getstartday(last_time)

        if last_time and (datetime.now() - last_time) < 7200:
            # kWh calculation
            time_elapsed = (time_now - last_time)
            kwh_inc = (time_elapsed * value) / 3600000.0
        else:
            # in the event that redis is flushed the last time will
            # likely be > 7200s ago and so kwh inc is not calculated
            # rather than enter 0 we dont increase it
            kwh_inc = 0

        if last_slot == current_slot:
            new_kwh = last_kwh + kwh_inc
        else:
            # We are working in a new slot (new day) so don't increment it with the data from yesterday
            new_kwh = kwh_inc

        self.settings.updateFeedData(feedid, time_now, current_slot, new_kwh)

        return value

    def kwh_to_kwhd(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        currentkwhd = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        last_time = datetime.strptime(currentkwhd['time'])

        #$current_slot = floor($time_now / 86400) * 86400;
        #$last_slot = floor($last_time / 86400) * 86400;
        current_slot = self.getstartday(time_now)
        last_slot = self.getstartday(last_time)

        lastkwhvalue = self.settings.getLastKWHValue(feedid)
        kwhinc = value - lastkwhvalue['value']

        # kwh values should always be increasing so ignore ones that are less
        # assume they are errors
        if kwhinc < 0:
            kwhinc = 0
            value = lastkwhvalue['value']

        if last_slot == current_slot:
            new_kwh = currentkwhd['value'] + kwhinc
        else:
            new_kwh = kwhinc

        self.settings.updateFeedData(feedid, time_now, current_slot, new_kwh)

        return value

    #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # input on-time counter
    #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    def input_ontime(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        # Get last value
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        last_time = datetime.strptime(last['time'])

        #$current_slot = floor($time_now / 86400) * 86400;
        #$last_slot = floor($last_time / 86400) * 86400;
        current_slot = self.getstartday(time_now)
        last_slot = self.getstartday(last_time)

        if last['value'] == "null":
            last['value'] = 0
        ontime = last['value']
        time_elapsed = 0

        if value > 0 and (time_now - last_time) < 7200:
            time_elapsed = time_now - last_time
            ontime += time_elapsed

        if last_slot != current_slot:
            ontime = time_elapsed

        self.settings.updateFeedData(feedid, time_now, current_slot, ontime)

        return value

    #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Display the rate of change for the current and last entry
    #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    def ratechange(self, feedid, time, value):
        lastvalue = self.settings.getProcessRateChange(feedid)
        ratechange = value - lastvalue['value']
        self.settings.insertFeedData(feedid, time, time, ratechange)

        return ratechange

    def save_to_input(self, inputid, time, value):
        self.settings.setTimeValue(inputid, time, value)
        return value

    def kwhinc_to_kwhd(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        last_time = datetime.strptime(last['time'])

        #$current_slot = floor($time_now / 86400) * 86400;
        #$last_slot = floor($last_time / 86400) * 86400;
        current_slot = self.getstartday(time_now)
        last_slot = self.getstartday(last_time)

        new_kwh = last['value'] + (value / 1000.0)
        if last_slot != current_slot:
            new_kwh = (value / 1000.0)

        self.settings.updateFeedData(feedid, time_now, current_slot, new_kwh)

        return value

    def accumulator(self, feedid, time, value):
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        value = last['value'] + value
        self.settings.insertFeedData(feedid, time, time, value)
        return value

    """
    def accumulator_daily(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        value = last['value'] + value
        feedtime = self.getstartday(time_now)
        self.settings.updateFeedData(feedid, time_now, feedtime, value)
        return value
    """

    #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # This method converts power to energy vs power (Histogram)
    #---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    def histogram(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        feedname = "feed_" + str(feedid)
        new_kwh = 0
        # Allocate power values into pots of varying sizes
        if value < 500:
            pot = 50

        if value < 2000:
            pot = 100

        else:
            pot = 500

        val = value / pot
        new_value = 0.5 * ceil(2.0 * val) * pot
        time = self.getstartday(time_now)

        # Get the last time
        lastvalue = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        last_time = datetime.strptime(lastvalue['time'])

        # kWh calculation
        if (time() - last_time) < 7200:
            time_elapsed = (time_now - last_time)
            kwh_inc = (time_elapsed * value) / 3600000
        else:
            kwh_inc = 0

        # Get last value
        lastValue = self.settings.getLastFeedValue(feedname, time, new_value)
        #result = $this->mysqli->query("SELECT * FROM $feedname WHERE time = '$time' AND data2 = '$new_value'");

        """if !lastValue:
            return value

        last_row = result->fetch_array();

        if (!$last_row)
        {
            $result = $this->mysqli->query("INSERT INTO $feedname (time,data,data2) VALUES ('$time','0.0','$new_value')");

            $this->feed->set_timevalue($feedid, $new_value, $time_now);
            $new_kwh = $kwh_inc;
        }
        else
        {
            $last_kwh = $last_row['data'];
            $new_kwh = $last_kwh + $kwh_inc;
        }

        // update kwhd feed
        $this->mysqli->query("UPDATE $feedname SET data = '$new_kwh' WHERE time = '$time' AND data2 = '$new_value'");

        $this->feed->set_timevalue($feedid, $new_value, $time_now);
        return $value;
        """

    def pulse_diff(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        value = self.signed2unsigned(False, False, value)

        if value > 0:
            pulse_diff = 0
            last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
            last['time'] = datetime.strptime(last['time'])
            if last['time']:
                # Need to handle resets of the pulse value (and negative 2**15?)
                if value >= last['value']:
                    pulse_diff = value - last['value']
                else:
                    pulse_diff = value

            # Save to allow next difference calc.
            self.settings.insertFeedData(feedid, time_now, time_now, value)

            return pulse_diff

    def kwh_to_power(self, feedid, time, value):
        process = self.settings.getProcess("kwhtopower", "feedid")
        if process:
            lastvalue = self.settings.getKWHToPower(feedid)
            kwhinc = value - lastvalue['value']
            joules = kwhinc * 3600000.0
            timeelapsed = (time - lastvalue['time'])
            power = joules / timeelapsed
            self.settings.insertFeedData(feedid, time, time, power)
        self.settings.setKWHToPower(feedid, time, value)

        return power

    def max_value(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        # Get last values
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        last_val = last['value']
        last_time = datetime.strptime(last['time'])
        feedtime = self.getstartday(time_now)
        time_check = self.getstartday(last_time)

        # Runs on setup and midnight to reset current value - (otherwise db sets 0 as new max)
        if time_check != feedtime:
            self.settings.insertFeedData(feedid, time_now, feedtime, value)
        else:
            if value > last_val:
                self.settings.updateFeedData(feedid, time_now, feedtime, value)
        return value

    def min_value(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        # Get last values
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        last_val = last['value']
        last_time = datetime.strptime(last['time'])
        feedtime = self.getstartday(time_now)
        time_check = self.getstartday(last_time)

        # Runs on setup and midnight to reset current value - (otherwise db sets 0 as new min)
        if time_check != feedtime:
            self.settings.insertFeedData(feedid, time_now, feedtime, value)
        else:
            if value < last_val:
                self.settings.updateFeedData(feedid, time_now, feedtime, value)
        return value

    def add_feed(self, feedid, time, value):
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        value = last['value'] + value
        return value

    def sub_feed(self, feedid, time, value):
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        myvar = last['value'] * 1
        return value - myvar

    def multiply_by_feed(self, feedid, time, value):
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        value = last['value'] * value
        return value

    def divide_by_feed(self, feedid, time, value):
        last = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
        myvar = last['value'] * 1

        if myvar != 0:
            return value / myvar
        else:
            return 0

    def wh_accumulator(self, feedid, time, value):
        max_power = 25000
        totalwh = value

        process = self.settings.getProcess("whaccumulator", feedid)
        if process:
            last_input = self.settings.getWHACCumulator(feedid)
            last_feed = self.settings.getFeedTimeValue(feedid)
            totalwh = last_feed['value']
            time_diff = time - last_feed['time']
            val_diff = value - last_input['value']
            power = (val_diff * 3600) / time_diff

            if val_diff > 0 and power < max_power:
                totalwh += val_diff

            self.settings.insertFeedData(feedid, time, time, totalwh)
        self.settings.setWHACCumulator(feedid, time, value)

        return totalwh

    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Calculate the energy used to heat up water based on the rate of change for the current and a previous temperature reading
    # See http://harizanov.com/2012/05/measuring-the-solar-yield/ for more info on how to use it
    #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    def heat_flux(self, feedid, time_now, value):
        return value  # Removed to be reintroduced as a post-processing based visualisation calculated on the fly.

    # Get the start of the day
    def getstartday(self, time_now):
        # $midnight  = mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m",$time_now), date("d",$time_now), date("Y",$time_now)) - ($this->timezoneoffset * 3600);
        # $this->log->warn($midnight." ".date("Y-n-j H:i:s",$midnight)." [".$this->timezoneoffset."]");

        # fix this -> return mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m", time_now), date("d", time_now), date("Y", time_now)) - (self.timezoneoffset * 3600)
        return

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Extracting price from html tag in website that uses same tags for everything I'm going to post this question and answer tomorrow, as it's 2am here... So sorry in advance.
I'm web scraping from this particular page:Italian Website
What I'm having difficulty with is the scraping of information that is between tags that have been used many time, basically making them 1 in 1000.
Here is the part of code I need (I need the price):

                    € 1.340.000

And here is the code where I get the information from the same website, literally one tag above, but this one has a singular type and it's easy to find.
while pagina <= temp:
    if pagina == 1:
        soup = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(userurl).content, "html.parser")
        for link in soup.select("[data-row-link]"):
            list_links.append(link["href"])
            list_titles.append(link.get_text(strip=True))
        #-----------------
        for link in soup.select(("lif__pricing")):
            list_prices.append(link.get_text(strip=True))
        #-----------------
        pagina += 1
    else:
        userurl = userurl + "&pag=" + str(pagina)
        soup = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(userurl).content, "html.parser")
        for link in soup.select("[data-row-link]"):
            list_links.append(link["href"])
            list_titles.append(link.get_text(strip=True))
        # -----------------
        for link in soup.select(("lif__pricing")):
            list_prices.append(link.get_text(strip=True))
        # -----------------
        pagina += 1

The ------ are used to show you guys which lines are dedicated to get the price info I wrote above. So everything inside that is what is giving me head injuries and bashing my keyboard syndrome.
Now I'll crash into my bed and oblivion, please help me not fail!

A: You can use this code to crawl all pages and extract links, titles and prices + create a dataframe and save it to csv:
import requests
import pandas as pd
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

url = "https://www.immobiliare.it/vendita-case/roma/parioli-flaminio/?criterio=rilevanza&pag={page}"

list_links, list_titles, list_prices = [], [], []
page = 1
while True:
    print("Page {}...".format(page))

    soup = BeautifulSoup(
        requests.get(url.format(page=page)).content, "html.parser"
    )

    links = soup.select("[data-row-link]")
    if not links:
        break

    for link in links:
        l, t, p = (
            link["href"],
            link.get_text(strip=True),
            link.find_next(
                class_=["lif__pricing", "lif__pricing--wrapped"]
            ).get_text(strip=True, separator=" "),
        )

        list_links.append(l)
        list_titles.append(t)
        list_prices.append(p)

        print(l, t, p, sep="\n")
        print("-" * 80)

    page += 1

df = pd.DataFrame(
    {
        "title": list_titles,
        "price": list_prices,
        "link": list_links,
    }
)
print(df)
df.to_csv("data.csv", index=False)

Prints:
Page 1...
https://www.immobiliare.it/annunci/87572320/
Trilocale piazza Pitagora, Parioli, Roma
€ 660.000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
https://www.immobiliare.it/annunci/87574354/
Bilocale piazza Perin del Vaga, Flaminio, Roma
€ 430.000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
https://www.immobiliare.it/annunci/87573756/
Trilocale piazza Pitagora, Parioli, Roma
€ 660.000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
https://www.immobiliare.it/annunci/87578264/
Appartamento via Gaetano Donizetti 20, Pinciano - Villa Ada, Roma
€ 695.000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

...and so on.

Then saves data.csv (screenshot from LibreOffice):


text:
Gov. Jay Inslee supports effort to limit vaccine exemptions
By RACHEL LA CORTE - Associated Press - Friday, February 6, 2015
OLYMPIA, Wash. (AP) - Gov. Jay Inslee said Friday that he supports a bill that would remove philosophical opposition as an acceptable reason for parents to not vaccinate their school-age children, calling it one strategy in the state's efforts to increase vaccination rates.
"We all have an interest in keeping children healthy," Inslee said in a statement. "If everyone gets immunized, our children would be at lower risk of getting these avoidable and serious infections. Immunizations save lives and are among the most effective ways to protect everyone from serious, preventable illnesses - especially young kids."
Currently, Washington allows school vaccination exemptions for medical, personal or religious beliefs. Earlier this week, Rep. June Robinson, a Democrat from Everett, introduced House Bill 2009, which removes the personal or philosophical belief allowance for an exemption.
The measure, which has the support of the Washington State Medical Association, comes following a measles outbreak that has sickened more than 100 people across the U.S., including in Washington state, and in Mexico. No deaths have been reported.
National immunization data from 2013 shows 71 percent of Washington children between ages 19-35 months have received all of their shots on time. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, Washington is among 20 states that allow for personal belief exemptions and 48 that allow for religious exemptions.
"We know parents care deeply for their children and some are afraid of these vaccines and worry that they cause disease," Inslee wrote Friday. "I understand their fear, but there is overwhelming scientific evidence that the risks are minuscule and that my grandchildren and your children and grandchildren are safer if we all go to our doctor and get our shots."
The state law concerning exemptions was last changed in 2011 to require proof that a parent seeking an exemption had received information from a health care provider about the benefits and risks of vaccinations. People who can demonstrate membership in a religious group that does not believe in medical treatment are exempted from this requirement.
Rep. Joe Schmick, a Republican from Colfax, voted against the 2011 bill and said he had concerns about this current proposal.
"I'm not against vaccination," he said. "I just think it should be the parent's choice."
Senate Majority Leader Pat Sullivan, D-Covington, said that concerns over the bill will ultimately come up as the bill progresses, but he said that he believes there's strong support for the measure.
"We're seeing cases of measles and preventable diseases that I think need to be addressed," he said Thursday. "We're hearing from our school directors that this is a problem they want us to solve."
Sen. Randi Becker, a Republican from Eatonville who is chairwoman of the Senate Health Care Committee, said she'd be open to hearing the bill if it passed the House and came over to the Senate.
Sen. Steve Litzow, a Republican from Mercer Island, said he believes that parents should vaccinate their children, and said that Robinson's bill is a "good step."
"You can't bring a peanut within 10 miles of a school but we can let kids in who aren't vaccinated," he said. "Our job is to make sure every child is safe."


Living and working in the modern world is becoming increasingly complex. The basic skills of learning that have become part of the enculturation of our children and have enabled the general population to find and hold jobs, make a comfortable home, and follow individual interests, limit the horizons of those trying to make sense of this far more complex environment. Not only are new basics required, but new modes of delivery are needed to teach these skills to both the youth entering the system and to adults who need the skills but have not been adequately prepared. This article will focus on the new skills and on research that gives us clues as to what types of learning activities are most appropriate for learning these skills.
A number of futurists have taken a look at the emerging world of work and projected the type of skills workers will need to be successful in the coming economy. The North Central Educational Laboratory developed a list of skills based on eight nationally recognized skill sets as well as literature reviews and input from a wide variety of practitioners. The result is called the enGuage 21st Century Skills and is provided here.
1. Digital-Age Literacy includes basic, scientific, mathematical, and technological literacies. Visual, information, and cultural literacies are also implied along with global awareness.
2. Inventive Thinking is the name given to adaptability and the ability to manage complexity. It includes curiosity, creativity, and risk taking as well as higher order thinking and sound reasoning.
3. Effective Communication includes but goes beyond interactive communication to include teaming, collaboration, and interpersonal skills. Personal and social responsibility are also part of this skill set.
4. High Productivity refers to the ability to prioritize, plan, and manage for results. It includes the use of real-world tools and the production of relevant, high-quality products.
In his book, The New Basics, Education and the Future of Work in the Telematic Age, David Thornburg describes his analysis of the skills listed in more than 500 current job advertisements. The list he developed from this research is similar to that provided by enGuage and included technological fluency, communication skills, teamwork, problem solving, and creativity. Other groups and authors have weighed in on the subject by producing lists of skill requirements that contain many of these same elements.
Although these lists have been developed primarily to serve the needs of the work force, close examination reveals the utility of such a skill set in the broader world as well. A person competent in the identified skills would be in good shape to face most of life's challenges.
Identifying skills is one thing but teaching and learning the skills is quite another. The typical school program is geared to teach layers of facts stacked one on the other in a sequential, lock-step arrangement. Standards-based reform has institutionalized this technique by requiring students to meet specific benchmarks at pre-ordained grade levels. This kind of instructional program is particularly inappropriate for the inventive thinking, effective communication, and high productivity skills identified by enGuage and only marginally productive for the digital literacy skill component. Even the so-called basic skills may be best learned contextually in real-world settings.
If traditional strategies are ineffective, what instructional approaches are available to develop 21st century skills? Fortunately, recent findings in the cognitive sciences help us identify instructional models that are appropriate for selected skills. Many of these models have been known and used for a number of years but it is now possible, given the skill sets identified above, to target individual skills with instruction that is compatible with the development of that particular competency. The remainder of this article will be devoted to discussion of some of the "best-fit" strategies for 21st Century skill development.
Literacy, as the term is used here, does not mean knowing the names of things, definitions, or sets of facts to be memorized and recalled at test time. It implies understanding at a conceptual level with the ability to apply that understanding in the real world. Typical instructional strategies such as lecture, viewing films, or reading about the topic are generally not powerful enough to generate the necessary level of understanding. The brain appears to require many experiences over a period of time to make a solid connection between new information and previously held concepts. If a student has not developed the initial concept they have little chance of assimilating the new learning, even if it is presented in a meaningful way.
Each of these models is consistent with constructivism in that the learning of new material is contextual.
Traditional school programs are woefully inadequate in providing the experiences necessary to build proficiency in the skills of inventive thinking. Robert Marzano and others have developed a model called Dimensions of Learning that contains many of the necessary elements. Dimension 5, Productive Habits of Mind, consists of critical thinking, creative thinking, and self-regulated thinking. Possible instructional techniques include helping students to identify and develop strategies related to the habits of mind. The teacher should also attempt to create a classroom culture that encourages the development and use of these habits. Many sources of information regarding Dimensions of Learning are available including some that describe the kinds of learning activities needed to develop this dimension.
The internet abounds with information on other creativity techniques that have application in the development of Inventive Thinking. The following source provides links to most of the better known models.
Communication, as it has been defined by the school programs designed to teach it, usually consists of reading, writing papers on school subjects, and perhaps a little public speaking. Letter writing, creative writing, and drama are often also included in traditional school programs. Although each of these contributes to the effective communication skills portrayed here, they usually lack the potent social component required. Fortunately, strategies are available to meet this need.
Cooperative learning and project-based learning are strategies that have been widely adopted, especially at the elementary school level. Both of these strategies place the student in learning teams where the communication skills embodied in this category can be practiced. The same is true for problem-based learning at the secondary level although it does not have the widespread base of the previous two strategies. Project-based and problem-based models are described in documents with links provided above.
Additional models of teaching that emphasize the social aspects of learning can be found in the book, Models of Teaching, by Bruce Joyce and Marsha Weil., particularly in the section called Social Family.
The school setting is not ideal for the development of the competencies included in the high productivity skills set. At best, a simulation of real world activities can be provided in professional technical programs such as business, auto shop, or broadcasting. Introduction to the necessary skills can take place in these classrooms and laboratories, but crucial skill development can only take place in the world outside school. Service and experiential learning programs that provide experience in the context of the world of work have developed across a wide array of careers and appear to meet the need for high productivity skill development. Our firm, VALIANT, etc., hosts the ASCD Service and Experiential Learning Network (SELNET) website and has numerous links to other resources.
An interesting trend in the design of schools can also contribute in this skill area. In a number of metropolitan areas new high schools are being developed in conjunction with health care facilities, museums, and zoos. Students spend part of each day in the academic program, then apply the skills in the workplace.
Businesses and unions can take steps to develop and implement the needed training based on instructional models such as those described above. Entrepreneurs should begin to offer training as well. It will be up to individual members of the adult work force, young adults, and parents of teenagers to seek out such training to ensure their employability in the future.
This entry was posted on November 8, 2002 at 6:16 am and is filed under Articles.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site.


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Maryland: St. Mary's Sheriff Tim Cameron updates DWI arrests through 9th of July
Denise Terrall Jordan, 28 of California on 07/07/12 at 2:04 am by Deputy Wood.
Steven Wesley Gingery Jr, 27 of Mechanicsville on 07/08/12 at 10:20 by Deputy Wood.
Mark Allen Brown, 27 of Mechanicsville on 07/04/12 at 3:14 am by Deputy Peacher.
Gerdy Felix Garcia, 24 of Lexington Park on 07/02/12 at 9:04 pm by Deputy Connelly.
John Ignatius Bowles III, 56 of Leonardtown on 07/02/12 at 9:13 pm by Deputy Teague.
Otis Robert Green, 42 of Lexington Park on 07/03/12 at 2:42 am by Deputy Foor.
Sariesha Waynette Dyson, 34 of Lexington Park on 6/30/12 at 1:59 am by Deputy Snyder.
Karen Marie Knott, 41 of Karnes City, TX on 06/26/12 at 9:44 pm by Deputy Snyder.
Avisail Martinez, 18 of Lexington Park on 06/24/12 at 1:28 am by Deputy Wood.
Charles Edward Chase, 18 of Lexington Park on 05/23/12 at 10:03pm by Deputy Boyer.
Robert Steven Lacey, 32 of Hollywood on 06/15/12 at 7:14 pm by Deputy Schultz.
Dean Harold Helm, 52 of Mechanicsville on 06/17/12 at 2:24 am by Deputy Flerlage.
Curlee Dockett III, 33 of California on 06/18/12 at 12:38 am by Deputy Ellis.
Lowmikico Merron Sellers, 28 of Waldorf on 06/18/12 at 1:46 am by Deputy Boyer.
James Patrick Yates ,49 of Leonardtown on 06/18/12 at 8:29 pm by Deputy Foor.
Ruth Jean Lowery, 53 of Mechanicsville on 06/13/12 at 10:26 pm by Deputy Krum.
Joseph Terry Faunce, 52 of Avenue on 06/14/12 at 8:29 pm by Deputy Somerville.
William Junior Lowe, 43 of California, MD on 06/10/12 at 3:19 by Deputy Wood.
This entry was posted in DWI Arrests by State and tagged Avisail Martinez, Charles Edward Chase, Gerdy Felix Garcia, John Ignatius Bowles III, Karen Marie Knott, Mark Allen Brown, Otis Robert Green, Sariesha Waynette Dyson. Bookmark the permalink.


A cover letter carries the first impression you would make to a potential employer. If it is good enough, there is a greater chance for you to be considered for the role. If it fails to stand out however, your application might be left out in favor of other candidates.
Good grammar and punctuation is always a plus. It indicates professionalism, competence and great attention to detail. No potential employer would like to hire an employee who does not even know the difference between your and you're. So before sending that cover letter, edit and proofread the whole thing first. You can also let a friend proofread and review your letter first, so you can have initial feedback before it goes out to the big guys.
You may have written a perfect, error-free cover letter, but how is the quality? Don't waste too much space on sweet, flowery words that might just turn off a potential employer. They don't have time to beat around the bush and try to ascertain your figurative speeches. Remain a straight, professional but friendly tone. Don't over promise or get ahead of yourself too. Remember, you want to make a good impression, and not come off as an arrogant know-it-all.
Again, potential employers don't have time to read really long cover letters, given that many applicants are vying for the position and each needs to be sifted through so the best ones will be determined from the unfit ones.
So if you want to make sure that your application does not go directly to the bin or shredder, make your cover letters short but sweet. State your purpose right away and put in your strongest points (experience and education) that makes you the perfect choice for the job.
Maintaining a professional tone while being funny at the same time is a skill – and others have this down into a fine art. You don't have to force yourself if it is hard for you to do it naturally though, otherwise, your cover letter might just sound awkward. However, you can practice this particular skill by starting with personal tales and preferences that are connected to the industry or job that you are applying for. You can view several examples here that might help inspire your own humorous cover letter.
Of course, this is basically your strongest weapon towards getting that job. However, if you are still a fresh grad who is looking for an actual paying job, don't be pressured that you cannot add such aspect in your cover letter.
However, even if you don't have an actual work experience yet, you can still cite your internship or apprenticeship experiences in your cover letter. You can also mention your experience as a working-student, or any kind of job that confined you to work for several hours per day. Employers would understand and consider this though, especially if they are also looking to hire fresh college grads.
Of course, you must also show that you are passionate with your craft. Aside from that, you can also show how passionate you are when it comes to work in general – such as being punctual, having initiative, great leadership skills, or simply being an independent worker who does not need to be constantly checked on. Passion is not just seen through your output, but it is also seen through your work ethic.
Now that you have an idea of how to make eye-catching and attention-grabbing cover letters, do you know how best to hand in those to a potential employer? Should it be through a personal application in the company's office space or through mere email?
As much as you can, try to hand your cover letter and resume personally (especially if the company's office is just within your city). This will give you an initial feel and perception of the company that you might be accepted into – does it have an environment that is conducive for work? Do employees seem pleasing and comfortable in what they do? Most of all, you could also have an initial feedback on how your application could go. Was it received well, or did the HR seem uninterested?
However, if the office is quite far from your area and the job you are applying for allows employees to work from home, then might as well just email your cover letter and resume.


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Mexico City Welcomes Hundreds of Hoyas for Georgetown's 2018 International Alumni Weekend
This year's International Alumni Weekend, held in October in Mexico City, connected more than 250 Hoyas from nine schools and 17 countries.
Six McCourters Selected for Prestigious Presidential Management Fellowship
Congratulations to the six McCourt students and alumni selected as Presidential Management Fellows Finalists for the class of 2019.
Renowned Nurse Leaders to Serve as Visiting Distinguished Professors
"I am delighted that these nurse leaders have agreed to join us as we work to advance health equity and promote population health through teaching, practice, community engagement, and research and scholarship," says Dr. Patricia Cloonan, dean of the School of Nursing & Health Studies.
Four Georgetown Alumni Win Election to Congress in Midterm Elections
The new members of U.S. House of Representatives include Democrats Rebecca "Mikie" Sherrill (L'07) in New Jersey's 11th District, Xochitl Torres Small (F'07) in New Mexico's 2nd District and Lori Trahan (F'95) in Massachusetts' 3rd District, and Republican Bryan Steil (B'03) in Wisconsin's 1st...
Georgetown Professor Writes Dramatic Memoir from an Italian Villa
Much like the Italian laborers who built Georgetown University's Villa le Balze estate atop a cliff in Tuscany, Professor of English John Glavin (C'64, Parent'95) devoted years and abundant patience...
Grad Student First Author on Study That Could Help Design Cancer, Disease Treatments
Jenny England (G'18), a biochemistry and biophysics Ph.D. candidate, is first author on a new paper on protein regulation in the prestigious Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The study has important implications in the quest to identify new treatments for cancer and other diseases...
Alumni Pass On Hoya, College Advice to #GeorgetownBound Students
Each year, hundreds of students from various walks of life step foot on the Hilltop, anxiously awaiting the start of their collegiate journeys. From first-generation college students to #...
Black Student Alliance Celebrates 50-Year Legacy of Community and Support
Georgetown's Black Student Alliance marks history and milestones on its 50th anniversary.
Black Student Alliance Celebrates its 50th Anniversary
Campus organization launched to provide support and sense of community for African-American students continues its legacy fifty years later By Chelsea Burwell Photo by Ndeye Ndiaye (C'18). The 1960s...
Quotable Moments from JCW-Seattle Panels
Insightful panels featuring Georgetown faculty, alumni, and friends invigorated this year's John Carroll Weekend, hosted for the first time in Seattle. Hundreds of alumni and friends of the...
First University-Wide Women's Forum Attracts Alumni, Students and Faculty
More than 500 alumni, students, and faculty gathered for the first university-wide Women's Forum, to share expertise in leadership, entrepreneurship, law, social justice and the sciences.
Four Graduates Win Prestigious Pickering Foreign Affairs Fellowships
Four Georgetown alumnae are among 30 graduates nationwide selected for the highly competitive Thomas R. Pickering Foreign Affairs Fellowship.


Adhesive Tapes or more correctly referred to as Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Tapes consists of either rubber based or Acrylic based adhesive material coated onto a variety of backing materials such as plastic, cloth, paper and foam. The most common and widely used tape is Packaging Tape which is used to seal the tops of cardboard cartons, closely followed by stationary tape which can be found in most offices throughout Australia and is referred to as a single sided tape. Other Single Sided Tapes would be Cloth or Gaffa Tape, Duct Tape, Masking Tape, Filament tape and Water Activated Tape. Double Sided Tapes refers to Adhesives Tapes that has Adhesive on both outer surfaces with a foam or plastic film in between giving the tape structure, allowing for items to be stuck or joined back to back.


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Productivity Apps
What the DEA really said about iMessages, and what it means to you
By Nick Arnott
Messages!
It was recently reported that iMessage had caused a snag in the Drug Enforcement Administration's ability to intercept text messages. Citing iMessage's end-to-end encryption as the cause, the DEA stated that "iMessages between two Apple devices are considered encrypted communication and cannot be intercepted, regardless of the cell phone service provider." On the surface, this seems reassuring to iMessage users that their conversations can't be intercepted. But is it possible that we're giving a little too much credit to the DEA when they say iMessages are "impossible to intercept"?
Security researcher Moxie Marlinspike reminded us that the government has had their snooping efforts stymied by less sophisticated systems. The message to be read here is not that iMessage can't be cracked by the government. The context of the DEA letter seems to be that they were attempting to intercept text messages, noticed some messages missing, and realized it was iMessages that weren't going through the carrier. Because iMessages go through Apple and are encrypted, the DEA was not equipped to intercept those messages.
Federal agencies have had a longer time to adapt to people's use of SMS. They've had more time to work with mobile carriers on implementing systems for intercepting text messages. iMessage is still a fairly new protocol that has been rising in popularity since its release in 2011. Government agencies looking to intercept conversations will continue to see more and more of them happening on iMessage, and in turn have an increased interest in decrypting them. Rather than working with carriers, who are traditionally responsible for handling SMS, law enforcement will likely need to start working with Apple if they want to intercept iMessage conversations. And while Apple isn't generally known for unnecessarily disclosing information about the company or its customers, their privacy policy (opens in new tab) does state that they may need to disclose personal information if required by law.
With the current state of things, communication over iMessage is definitely a safer bet than SMS if you're hoping for your communications to remain confidential. This doesn't mean that the government is incapable of decrypting the messages, or that they won't be able to acquire these messages from Apple with a warrant. iMessage is a wonderful system that greatly enhances messaging on iOS devices and is quite sufficient for the vast majority of users. But at the end of the day, if you're dealing with extremely sensitive information such that you're worried about the government intercepting your communications, your best bet will be looking for a system that doesn't require you to blindly trust a third party with handling all of the encryption.
OS X Security
That's pretty much what I suspected. I never once believed they couldn't get iMessages, but it makes sense how they missed them. That will change very soon.
Aww big brother can't see my iMessages? So upsetting! /end sarcasm
F' you DEA and the rest of the Feds. Oops that wasn't encrypted was it. F' them a'holes.
This must be why the cartel boss made us all get iPhones and drop the walkie talkies
That's awesome :-)
Well the government will have to keep up with technology. Things are changing swift. So in order to help with their cases they have to be on top of these type of technology.
The government is slow to keep up with itself, much less technology. Sticking with the iPhone and iMessage.
I'm glad the government is slow in keeping up with technology and unable to impede on my private text messages. I hope that Apple tells the government to shove it.
Re: "But is it possible that we're giving a little too much credit to the DEA when they say iMessages are "impossible to intercept"?" This is the only possible thing the DEA could say about iMessage. The DEA can't say "Yes, we've cracked iMessage. We can and will use iMessages as evidence against criminals in court." Because the bad guys would go back to some other non-electronic form of communication that would be harder to intercept. Or they could use code words in their iMessage texts, etc. so all the DEA would see after decrypting the messages would be "The sky is blue" or "Bingo" or other non-sequiturs. By saying that iMessage is un-crackable, the DEA may be able to trick dumber criminals (the vast majority?) into using it to send each other details about whatever crimes they're doing. The bad guys could get lazy, thinking that their crime-related iMessages are secure. If iMessage really is secure, the DEA may eventually be able to crack it. Or maybe they could convince Apple to build a backdoor into the iMessage encryption algorithm later. Either way, it benefits the DEA to get criminals to use iMessage.
What about all the other 3rd party messaging apps, do they want to look through those too?
While the government is slow it will catch up.
ipgmail is an excellent way to encrypt both your E-mail and messages on the iPhone. It's cheap and it's easy to use.


One of the honors of being the church is that we get to raise up and support our young people. In baptism, Sunday school, pageants, plays, confirmations classes, and youth Sundays we get to celebrate their growth and their faith. While it is always sad to see them go, we send them out with joy as they leave the area for colleges, jobs, families and other adventures, hopeful that their time in this community has fed them and nurtured them into the adults they have become. Some stay local, others return to the area, and still others make their homes in far off places.
Many of us have wondered: "Where are they now?" This occasional blog will serve to help us to continue to celebrate and care for these individuals. We hope you enjoy reading these updates, and if you know someone who would like to be featured here, please let Chris know.
Hey Zach! What have you been up to?
Hey! You know… a lot of stuff.
That's pretty vague, care to elaborate?
Sure! I live in Concord, NH now as I pursue my associate's degree in business administration at NHTI. But when I'm not there you can either find me back home in Keene. I try to come home to see my family as much as a can.
That's great! What else? Do you have a Job?
I have a summer job! It's at Horton Center, in Gorham, NH.
You haven't heard of Horton Center?!? It's only the BEST place on EARTH (in my opinion)! We are a UCC Outdoor Ministries summer camp situated on Pine Mountain in the White Mountain National Forest. We offer programs that may include hiking, canoeing, rock climbing, intermixed with reminders of God´s presence and activity in our lives. We find the presence of God in the beauty and inspiration of the natural world, in community, in scripture, prayer, and within one another.
That sounds like it came straight off a website.
Well, it did. The official Horton Center website where you can learn all about what we have to offer. Click Here to go to the website!
Of course! I got to live out my lifelong dream of being a Horton Center Staff member where I had the best summer of my life! Our mission is to have fun in a safe way that also teaches our campers about the ministry of God and encourages people to be themselves, to dance like no one is watching while singing songs about a moose that drinks a lot of juice, and to love themselves, each other and God. We started our summer in mid-June and it lasted officially until Labor Day. Every week we get different group of campers and as crazy as it sounds I can't wait until next year to do it all again. Be on the lookout for Outdoor Ministries Sunday at UCC Keene, February 7, 2016, where Camp Director Mollie and I, and maybe some other staff members, will lead a great service and tell you all about camp and outdoor ministries!
Wow, that sounds great! What do you do during the school-year? Do you have any Hobbies?
As a matter of fact I have started to do some things that I've really enjoyed. In my downtime, I've really enjoyed reading books! (Who knew that leisurely reading was so great!?) The book that I'm reading now is Into the Wild by John Krakauer. I also taught myself how to play guitar and I'm not that bad actually. Other than that it's the usual college-kid lifestyle of class, homework, Netflix.
Is there anything that you miss about being involved with the church or Youth Group?
Heck yeah! I always loved going on the mission trips because it was a great opportunity for all of us to broaden our horizons and get to experience something that many don't have the chance to. I've been able to use what I've learned in those trips to educate people about situations that they face and encourage them to experience it themselves!
Wow, I really can't believe how much time has passed since I've been with you all. I am so anxious to be back home and leading you all in a service about a place that means so much to me and my family! Thank-you all so much for reading this and I'll see you soon! Shalom!