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Power, Privilege and the Post
The Katharine Graham Story
by Carol Felsenthal
Katherine Graham's story has all the elements of the phoenix rising from the ashes, and in Carol Felsenthal's unauthorized biography, Power, Privilege, and the Post, Graham's personal tragedies and triumphs are revealed. The homely and insecure daughter of the Jewish millionaire and owner of the Washington Post, Eugene Myer, Kay married the handsome, brilliant and power-hungry Philip Graham in 1940. By 1948 Kay's father had turned control of the Washington Post over to Phil, who spent the next decade amassing a media empire that included radio and TV stations. But, as Felsenthal shows, he mostly focused on building the reputation of the Post and positioning himself as a Washington power-player. Plagued by manic depression, Phil's behavior became more erratic and outlandish, and his downward spiral ended in 1963 when he took his own life. Surprising the newspaper industry, Kay Graham took control of the paper, beginning one of the most unprecedented careers in media history.
Felsenthal weaves her exhaustive research into a perceptive portrayal of the Graham family and an expert dissection of the internal politics at the Post, and a portrait of one of a unique, tragic, and ultimately triumphant figure of twentieth-century America.
Power, Privilege and the Post Carol Felsenthal
Collected in
Radical Women20th Century Radicals
"Power is a terrific newspaper book . . . . [It] is also an excellent business case history."
– Michael Stern, San Francisco Chronicle
"This is a lively biography about an ugly ducking who grew up to become a swan, or, possibly, given Mrs. Graham's wealth and power, an eagle."
– the New Yorker
"For sheer reading pleasure and a brilliant picture of a complex woman, pick up Power, Privilege, and the Post: The Katherine Graham Story. In my view, it has already won a prize for one of the best biographies of this, or perhaps, any year."
– Robert Holsinger, Atlanta Journal-Constitution
"In Power, Privilege, and the Post, Carol Felsenthal has given us more than a biography of a single woman. This is a book that places its subject within a swirling context of newspaper publishing and American politics and helps us understand the power and privileges of the media in our time."
– Linda Simon, Chicago Tribune
blog — November 01
Celebrating 40 Years of Project Censored
Did you know that the U.S. military is deployed in 70% of the world's nations? Or that leaked State Deptartment cables show that the U.S. planned to instigate civil strife in Syria as early in 2006? What about the chronic problem of medical neglect in private, for-profit, U.S. immigrant-only jails?
No? Neither did the rest of the world. That's because these and countless other news items are suppressed or ignored by our nation's "free press" every day. For the past forty years, Project Censored has been unearthing the buried stories that corporate media deem unfit to print. They also just hosted a jam-packed Media Freedom Summit and co-founded the Global Critical Media Literacy Project in partnership with the Action Coalition for Media Education and the graduate program in Media Literacy and Digital Culture at Sacred Heart University.
To celebrate, we're showcasing Censored 2017 at a 25% off online discount and offering 50% off Censored backlist titles (from Censored 1996 to Censored 2006), along with select Seven Stoires books on media literacy, including titles by Arundhati Roy and Noam Chomsky.
Check out our discounted Project Censored and media literacy collection!
Carol Felsenthal is the author of several acclaimed biographies, including Citizen Newhouse: Portrait of a Media Merchant, Princess Alice: The Life and Times of Alice Roosevelt Longworth, and The Sweetheart of the Silent Majority: The Biography of Phyllis Schlafly. Felsenthal received her BA from the University of Illinois at Urbana and her MA from Boston College. A native of Chicago, she lives there with her husband and three children.
More on Carol Felsenthal
Other books by Carol Felsenthal
Citizen Newhouse: Portrait of a Media Merchant


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Murray Tinkelman
"Gold Standard Graphics" – 1995 Sport ARTIST oF tHE yEAR
Illustrations by Murray Tinkelman have won gold medals from Society of Illustrators, Society of Publications Designers, and The New York Art Directors Club. His works stand in the permanent collections of many museums, including International Photography Hall of Fame & Museum, New Britain Museum of American Art, Delaware Art Museum, Brooklyn Museum, and American Sport Art Museum and Archives. Top drawer publications such as The New York Times, Atlantic Monthly, and The Washington Post all have published his illustrations. The National Park Service commissioned Tinkelman to produce drawings and paintings of National Parks and Monuments. The U.S. Air Force chose him as an artist-reporter on several missions. The National Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown honored him with a one-man exhibit of Tinkelman's baseball art.
Steve Largent
All these heavy duty accolades are heaped on a down-to-earth artist who attributes his major inspirations to the pop culture icons of his 1940s and '50s Brooklyn boyhood. Murray spent much of his childhood playing with neighborhood kids, going to movies, watching baseball, and ogling at the curvy, chromed 1950s car designs. His art-oriented high school, School of Industrial Art, offered thorough training in the basics of drawing, photography and filmmaking. Later he attended the prestigious Cooper Union Art School, but quit before graduating because he thought their attitude toward illustrators condescending. Sports supplied him with dynamic heroes, but cowboys and science fiction creatures were also key influences on his later art.
"The Saturday afternoon matinees of the 1940s were the inspiration for my love affair with cowboys and Indians… Although there were no cows in Brooklyn and precious few horses… my Dad was an avid reader of pulp westerns. I read and reread his discarded… paperback books. I will never forget the thrill I experienced when I first read The Virginians immortal line, 'When you call me that, smile!'" (tinkelmanstudio.com).
Throughout his career, Tinkelman continued to pursue his art with youthful enthusiasm, humor, and hard work. These qualities would serve him well during his struggles to establish himself in the competitive advertising business of 1950s New York. As a fledgling commercial artist, he tenaciously held his ground against the romanticism and glossy, idealized pictures of status quo 1950s and '60's advertising. On assignments, he drew it his way. He retained the intricate black and white pen strokes, and the unique, gritty, graphic edge for which his work would become famous.
Ali The Greatest
Tinkelman's first big break came when he met one of his key mentors, Chuck Cooper, who had established the influential Charles E. Cooper Studios at the corner of 57th and Lexington, New York. Known as the preeminent illustration studio from the late 1930s through the early 1970s, the firm's upscale glamour intimidated Tinkelman on his interview there. Tinkelman was desperate to escape the humdrum limits of his greeting card job and rise to challenging, contemporary work. He describes his introduction to this cosmopolitan business world that he would ultimately help change:
"There's Chuck. Short, maybe 5'6", wearing a white shirt, open at the collar, and the tie was pulled down a bit. His sleeves were rolled up, and his office was a symphony of black glass, teak, and mahogany, with books lining the shelves. Beautiful original art work on the walls… He looked at my stuff. Never said a word… Turned his back to me, put his hands in his pockets, and said, 'What do you want?' … I blurted out, 'I want to make a living making art work. I want to be able to look at myself in the mirror in the morning." Without much fanfare, he said, 'All right. Come in Monday.'"
Illustration Magazine, 2006; pp. 52-53
Chicago Cubs No. 8
On starting his new job, Tinkelman found that he was the youngest and most controversial artist among a large pack of famous, established professionals. He took the old guard's ribbing with characteristic good humor. It never dampened his rebellious assault against expected, smoother drawing styles.
"Someone once described me as 'the savage on the 11th floor.' Every once in a while someone would throw in a piece of raw meat and slam the door shut… It was my role as a representative of the next generation… I was the experiment with a kind of loose, expressionistic painting. My stuff was truly off the-wall… (with )a little bit of bite to it." ~ Illustration Magazine, 2006; p.56
Tinkelman found inspiration for both his artwork and his soon-to-be-famous presentation style from a teacher at Cooper Union. Tinkelman had a Max Bechmann scholarship that allowed him to spend time at the Brooklyn Museum. There he met Reuben Tam who critiqued his art work and became his mentor in painting as well as his new interest in lecturing about art history. Several other artists from the Cooper Studio were so impressed with the rave reviews of Tam's erudite, poetic style of teaching that they also joined the class.
At work at Cooper Studios, Tinkelman found another important ally. Staff artists depended on jobs brought to them by in-house sales representatives who hawked the illustrators' work to outside companies. Tinkelman's favorite rep at the Cooper Studio was Bill Erlacher, who secured the most jobs for him. The rest of the reps were very old school in their tastes and did not send him much work. When Erlacher left the Cooper Studio to join a new group, Artist Associates, Tinkelman changed firms with him. His move was part of a larger, industry-wide downsizing of advertising businesses from huge, complete service companies to leaner, niche firms made up of young designers. The move was good for business and hard on his deep friendship with Cooper.
"I was literally invented by Chuck (Cooper) on one hand, and Reuben Tam on the other. Totally different characters. I loved Chuck, and at no time, ever, did I forget how important he was to me." ~ Illustration Magazine, 2006; p.56
Tinkelman was selected as Professor Emeritus from Syracuse University where he had taught Illustration in the undergraduate program and the Independent Study M.A. Program. He also became Director of University of Hartford's Limited Residency M.F.A. program. Tinkelman's wit, as in demand as his art, has gained him a gold card reputation as a guest lecturer and as a popular professor of art history. Commenting on a Tinkelman presentation at Dennos Museum Center of Northwestern Michigan College, the Curator of Education & Interpretation, Kathleen Buday said, "Murray's dynamic presentations were entertaining and insightful, filled with anecdotes that enchanted all in attendance" (tinkelmanstudios.com).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The College of Southern Maryland collegiate robotics team, The Talons, returned from the VEX World Championship in Anaheim, Calif., ranked in the top third and with resolve to 'up' their game and hone their strategy for the 2014 competition.
The team traveling to California for the championship included David Barnes and John Hamel of Mechanicsville, Chi Ezekwenna and Stewart Smith of Waldorf and Jonathan Frank of Indian Head, as well as CSM coaches Professor Bernice Brezina and Student Success Center Director Ronda Jacobs.
"We were just five bags away from reaching the quarterfinals," said Brezina of the robotics game which involved scoring with bean bags. The Talons' final record was 7-3-0, finishing in an eight-way tie for 10th place, ranking 16th out of 52 colleges and universities from 24 countries.
"They beat all of the Big 10 universities including Purdue University, Michigan State University and University of Illinois. The matches that they lost were close, and we're all very proud of how well they did this year," Brezina said. The team also finished in 6th place for the Programming Skills Challenge where the pre-programmed robots worked autonomously without driver control for 60 seconds.
"This year was a vast improvement over our performance in last year's competition," said Frank, who is a mechanical engineering student at CSM. He added that in the Talons' first world competition in 2012 they weren't really sure what to expect.
"The most exciting part of the competition is working as a team to outsmart the other teams to produce the best robot," Frank said.
In addition to preparing for their own championship competition during the semester, the Talons mentored La Plata High School, who along with Calvert High School qualified for the VEX World Championship through a competition at CSM in February. Both high school teams made it to the quarterfinals in the world competition in their divisions.
Frank said that he did not participate in robotics in high school but that as part of the Talons he has the opportunity to mentor middle and high school teams including La Plata High School.
Other members of the Talons are Willy Hamel of Mechanicsville, Nathan Hancock of Bryantown, Jimmy O'Brien of Waldorf, Tiffany Lei of La Plata and junior team member Jacob Brezina.
The Talons will host an open house at 7:30 to 8:30 p.m. on May 1 to demonstrate their robots and invite students to join the 2013-14 team. The open house and tour of the robotics lab will be in Room 162 of the Francis P. Chiaramonte, MD Center for Science and Technology (ST) Building on the La Plata Campus.
The Talons are sponsored by The Patuxent Partnership, PNC, and Mr. and Mrs. Vincent Hungerford.
For information on CSM's collegiate robotics program, visit http://www.csmd.edu/istem/events_csmroboticsVEX.html or contact Brezina at berniceb@csmd.edu.


Image Title: Top Load Washer With Agitator Throughout Traditional GE Washers From Ideas 11. Filename: top-load-washer-with-agitator-throughout-traditional-ge-washers-from-ideas-11.jpg. Image Dimension: 608 x 631 pixels. Images Format: jpg/jpeg. Publisher/Author: Blaise O'Connell. Uploaded Date: Sunday - May 06th. 2018 02:42:15 AM. Category: Architecture. Image Source: interiordesign.net.
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Come and be a part of this gardening community event that brings together keen gardeners and specialist plant growers. An exciting variety of plants from many of New Zealand's leading growers will be on sale - plants that are rare, unusual or simply forgotten old-fashioned favourites all top quality. Light refreshments & live music will be available.
Ayrlies, a place to restore our soul.
Characterised by sweeping lawns, ponds and waterways, Ayrlies covers an area of more than 12 acres (4.5 hectares). The success of the garden is all down to the extraordinary vision of one remarkable woman, the first lady of horticulture Bev McConnell (QSM - services to horticulture) who began the garden from scratch over half a century ago.
The lush garden along the idyllic coast of New Zealand, Ayrlies, reflects half a century of taming the landscape with an impeccable eye - and more than a touch of savage beauty.
Ayrlies, one of New Zealand's most famous gardens, has been featured in America's Wall Street Journal in a feature article headlined 'Beverley McConnell's garden paradise'.
Gardening was Bev McConnell's first love. That and my family of course, says the 82 year old owner of Ayrlies garden. And it's that love and passion that had led to her peaceful haven being ranked in the Wall St Journal as one of the finest in the world.
It was wonderful to meet so many NZ Life & Leisure readers at the launch of Ayrlies. My story my garden by the inspirational Bev McConnell. It was a wonderful afternoon with hundreds of us all enjoying the beauty and tranquility of Ayrlies, Bev's garden in Whitford.


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The end of Montanism
The author of the 8th century Syriac Chronicle of ps.Dionysius of Tel-Mahre is preserved in a single copy written ca. 903 AD. This was preserved in the monastery of Deir al-Suryani in the Nitrian desert, but brought to the Vatican in 1715, where it is Ms. Vaticanus Syr. 162, 173ff. Some missing leaves were retrieved by Henry Tattam in 1840, and are now British Library Additional 14665.
The Chronicle is very valuable because its unknown author made use of the Ecclesiastical History of the 6th century bishop John of Ephesus. A large chunk of the latter still survives, but most does not. Ps.Dionysius had access to the whole work, and quotes from it word-for-word.
The year 861 [=549-50 AD] … At this time the destructive heresy of Montanus was put to shame and uprooted. We [=John] have written the story of how it sprang up in the (section about) apostolic times. Now however at the incitement of John bishop of Asia the bones of Montanus were found, who used to say of himself that he was the Spirit Paraclete, and (the bones) of Kratis, Maximilla and Priscilla, his prophetesses. (John) burned them with fire and pulled their temples down to the foundations.1
The events must have taken place at Pepuza in Phyrgia, where the cult was centred.
We have no other 6th century accounts of this event. But as often happens, early documents were embedded in later Syriac sources. In this case Michael the Syrian, in the 12th century, gives us more information because he has access to other sources than just John.
In the land of Phyrgia there is a place called Pepuza, where the Montanists had a bishop and some clergy. They called it Jerusalem, and there they killed the Christians. John of Asia went there and burned their synagogue, on the orders of the emperor. In this house there was found a great reliquary [=γλωσσόκομον] of marble sealed with lead and bound with iron fittings. On it was written, "Of Montanus and his women." It was opened and in it were found Montanus and his two women, Maximilla and Priscilla, which had golden leaves over their mouths. They were covered with confusion by seeing the fetid bones which they called "the Spirit". They were told, "Have you no shame to allow yourselves to be seduced by this rascal, and to call him the 'Spirit'? A spirit has neither flesh nor bones." And the bones were burned. The Montanists were heard wailing and crying. "Now," they said, "the world is ruined and will perish." Their shameful books were also found and burned. The house was purified, and became a church.
Previously in the days of Justinian I [=Justin], some people had informed the emperor that Montanus, at the time of his death, had ordered those responsible for his funeral to bury him fifty cubits under the earth, "because," he said, "the fire must reveal me and devour all the face of the earth." His followers, by the pernicious operation of demons, put it about falsely that his bones were exorcising demons. They bribed a few individuals who, for bread to eat, claimed that he had healed them. — The emperor wrote to the bishop of that place. He dug deep and removed the bones of Montanus and his women to burn them. Then the Montanists came to find the bishop by night and gave him five hundred darics of gold. They carried off the bones and brought others. And in the morning, without anyone realising the mystery, the bishop burned these bones as being those of Montanus and Crites (?) his associate. But then the Archdeacon denounced the Bishop, who was sent into exile.
Apollos, the companion of Paul, wrote that Montanus was the son of Simon Magus, that when his father died, by the prayer of Peter, he fled Rome and began to trouble the world. Then Apollos, (led) by the Spirit, went to where he was and saw him sitting and preaching error. He began to curse him, saying, "Enemy of God, the Lord will punish you!" Montanus began to rebuke him and said, "What difference is there between you and I, Apollos? If you prophesy, I do also; if you are an apostle, I am too; if you heal, I do too." Apollos said to him, "Let your mouth be closed, in the name of the Lord." He immediately stopped and was never again able to speak. The people believed in our Lord, and received baptism. They overthrew the seat of Montanus, who fled and escaped. — This story is finished, just like the other.
Some interesting material there, evidently from at least three different sources. The first paragraph must derive from some 6th century account, more detailed than that of John of Ephesus; or perhaps from a fuller text than ps.Dionysius had.
The second is still more interesting. Is it possible that some of the Montanists, after the event, put about a rumour that the bones burned were not those of Montanus, in order that their cult might continue? It's not easy to imagine another source for this story, where the clergy are depicted as venal state hirelings.
The third moves into the realm of folk-tale. Clearly the author had no idea when Montanus lived — although it sounds from ps.Dionysius if this was already rather murky in the 6th century — and we seem to have some sort of material from a hagiographic text about Apollos. Perhaps Michael has simply assembled whatever he had about Montanus, regardless of consistency.
1. Pseudo-Dionysius of Tel-Mahre: Chronicle. Translated … by Witold Witakowski. Liverpool University Press, 1996, p.112 (the end of p.125 of the Syriac text)
2. Michael the Syrian, Chronicle. Translated into French by J.B.Chabot. Book 9, chapter 33, in Volume 2, p. 269 of Chabot's publication (on Archive.org).
Posted in Ancient worldTagged Ancient world, Montanism
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2 thoughts on "The end of Montanism"
Alex Poulos says:
Interesting bits. Apollo addressing Montanus had me scratching my head!
Konstantinos Terzopoulos says:
Anastasius Sinaitus seems to mention this tradition including Montanus and Appolos in his de pseudoprophetis (CPG 4583; PG 59, 553-568; Sav. 7, 221-225)!


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Home Top News Covid sweeps changes across airline marketing
Covid sweeps changes across airline marketing
By Low Shi Ping
/ Posted on 21 June, 2022 18:51
Greater personalisation needed for airlines to bring back the romance of air travel
Data collection and understanding can present new business opportunities
Access to customer data will come with greater quality of service expectations
Travel disruptions posed by the pandemic have present opportunities for airlines to demonstrate that they are more than just a mode of transport, and are also means to facilitate connections and link people with their families, friends and businesses, opined industry specialists on the CMO (chief marketing officer) Panel at the Aviation Festival Asia 2022 held last week in Singapore.
Marketers from AirAsia India, Malaysian Airlines and Japan Airlines also discussed a range of topics from digitisation, to building trust and leveraging new opportunities. Suren Gunatillake, managing director, APAC of EveryMundo, sat in as moderator.
Airline marketers say digitisation and data mining can improve customer engagement
The consensus was that despite disruptions to air travel, the industry has lived up to its reputation of being resilient. It has been able to adapt and even take a step back to understand where it is flying towards.
"I think what we have learnt is to be really agile… (to) innovate and do new things," said Lau Yin May, group chief marketing and customer experience officer of Malaysian Airlines.
"That is how you continue to engage with the customers and get them so excited to continue that association with the brand."
Personalisation is the way forward
Siddhartha Butalia, chief marketing officer of AirAsia India, was candid in his sentiments about how the industry has done a disservice to itself over the last 30 to 40 years: "We have commoditised travel into transportation."
Undoing this would mean explicitly expressing how airlines add meaning into consumers' lives. One way to do so, he opined, is through personalisation. For this, digitisation is an enabler, not just in the business process but in the mining of data – everything from travel duration, destination, and the types of trips.
"It's really important to make sure that we're collecting data and using it to add value to that customer," noted Jonathan Wan, Japan Airlines' director of global marketing.
Wan added that customers would "have certain expectations" of the airline now that it possesses their information. "There is this understanding that 'hey, I've given this information freely, and I expect this personalisation'," he elaborated.
Butalia agrees that consumers are now more conscious than ever of the data they are sharing and if they are doing it, brands must provide something in return.
Drawing upon an example of a recent loyalty campaign AirAsia India ran, Butalia said it invited consumers to "join the family" and conveyed the point that "being part of a family is supposed to be a rewarding experience".
"What we're also saying is that you can share a lot of personal information… because we are a brand that you can trust," he said.
Malaysia Airlines created 257 new products since the start of the pandemic, one of the enduring ones is the MHexplorer
Wide ranging data application
Panellists reflected that data collection and understanding can bring multiple advantages to airlines and set them down paths to new business opportunities.
Data led Japan Airlines to focus on repatriation support for business travellers, and to strengthen its position as a carrier between Asia and the US.
In analysing data, Malaysian Airlines created 257 new products since the start of the pandemic. Of these, seven are still in use today, including the MHexplorer, a fully digitalised travel programme for students.
Lau reflected: "We know two things. One, our team is really good, they can do this stuff overnight. Two, we have a much better understanding of our consumers, what appeals to them, and how we can use this (experience) as a learning (point for) future product development."
Understanding data obtained from organic searches during the pandemic also helped airlines to better respond to consumer needs.
"We were able to look at what people were searching for and make quick inclusions of these keywords," said Wan.
For instance, in the early days of the pandemic, consumers were looking for things like "flexible ticketing" and "free changes". Japan Airlines immediately saw to it that these key words were added to its web pages.
Over at AirAsia India, it was observed that traffic from online check-ins had tripled, informing the airline of changes to website usage and a growing preference for more direct engagement with the brand, shared Butalia.
Elaborating on the value of direct customer engagements, Wan said Japan Airlines partnered with Chinese online travel agents to create flagship stores in China that allow customers to purchase a ticket without friction.
Airline Marketing
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Banwa Private Island in the Philippines now offers guests private air transfer option
Airline loyalty programmes linchpin for recovery, say experts
Airlines leaving passengers to their own devices


I had ankle/foot surgery a little over a year ago! I had Astym therapy after recovery and felt great. Six months after surgery while standing I started getting burning sensation around the scar. I assumed it was a normal part of the healing process and decided to live with it for a little while. Six more months and the sensation is annoying and semi-unbearable! I go see the gals at Momentum and after one session, ONE!, the next day during standing I can already tell a difference! I haven't been able to stand and do the dishes without wiggling my whole leg to get the sensation to go away in a year! Yesterday I got almost completely done and even then the sensation was noticeably less! Here's to tingle free standing!!!
Before going to Apex, I had struggled with chronic pain in my ankle for over 4 years. Simple things such as walking on uneven surfaces, jumping, and running caused sharp pain. By going to physical therapy at Apex, I have been able to strengthen the tendons in my ankle, along with increase the range of motion. I am now able to do all three of the things listed above completely pain-free. A huge thank you to Apex Physical Therapy Concepts and Rehab for helping me get back on my feet.
My name is Emma de Groot, and I am a professional golfer on the LPGA and LPGA Symetra Tour. I have suffered from chronic back pain since an almost career ending car accident in 2011. Since I began working with Back2Normal, my function and movement has continually improved, however there has always been some restriction in my rotation. After three months playing non stop golf, and countless travel hours in Australia at the beginning of the year, I came back to Florida with extreme restriction in movement. Since being away, Lisa had become certified in the Astym method and got to work on me straight away. Within two treatments, I had my full range of motion back in my thoracic spine, as well as my hips and ankles, no pain whatsoever, and a far improved golf swing.
For the past 3 years now, I have been participating in swimming. I wake up every morning and I am in the pool by 6 a.m. I attend dryland, which is an on land training program, every Tuesday and Thursday. One day, while practicing, we were doing stair laps. While running down the stairs, my ankle gave out and I rolled it. The next day, I went to the doctor to find out I partially tore a ligament in my ankle and I would need physical therapy. About 3 weeks into physical therapy, my therapist started using Astym therapy on me. Astym therapy has helped my ankle heal very quickly. It has reduced my pain, and it has reduced the scar tissue and helped the healing process. Because of Astym therapy, I can now go to swim practice with little to no pain. I can go to work as a lifeguard and walk around the pool deck bare footed with no pain. Thanks to Astym therapy my healing process has gone much quicker than expected, and my ankle is stronger than ever before.
I have ankle issues, so I was sent to PT by my doctor. I was told I was to get Astym therapy. On my first treatment, Andrea explained what she was going to do. Little did we know the tears she would make me shed twice a week. She started on my calf and worked her way down to my ankle, around my ankle, to the bottom of my foot, and then it happened…as she was working the muscles in my foot I had to laugh, and laugh so hard I was crying. She also had to laugh and so did everyone getting treatment at the same time. Funny but not funny. Needless to say, her torture helped me A LOT! When we think back on it all I can do is…LAUGH! I went from walking with a limp, to no limp at all! I also am for the most part, pain free.


This discussion is for CL owners to post any late availability for their site in 2019, so if you're looking for a last minute getaway on one of our beautiful CL Sites, don't forget to check here first.
Please can CL's posting here include grid references for their site?
The club in their wisdom have seen fit to remove them from the latest site directory to save space!
Newton Grove has availability as we have now opened up our 2 hard standings before March if you would like to stay.
We are on the edge of the beautiful village of South Newington in North Oxfordshire (North Cotswolds) surrounded by open countryside. Just off the A361 halfway between the market towns of Chipping Norton and Banbury or 25 minutes from the M40. The site is ideal for trips into Warwickshire (5 miles), South Northamptonshire (6 miles), Gloucestershire (10 Miles) & Buckinghamshire (12 miles), Mileage "as the crow flies"
Our site is a well maintained "Off Grid" site (non EHU). For "non EHU virgins "there is free use of a Solar Battery Charging Unit with 5a 240v outlets for things like charging tooth brushes, phones, computers etc, or a freestanding solar panel. (see image below) So gain your freedom and give us a try!
Mosergh Farm Has availability on our 5 hard standing pitches before March if you are looking for a quiet peaceful Site with lovely views. From £15 a night you may even have the site to your selves.
Hopefully that will be a live link to your site.
Once I know for certain our summer holiday dates I will be in touch to check availability as it looks to be a lovely site.
It's a good site with grand views, D&V, although the lane up to it is rather narrow.
Open all year ! If you can get to us we will stay open !
Electric hook up , water , recycle facilities , toilet .
From March 2019 we can offer storage .
February we have availability from Sunday the 10th from only £11 per night !
Bookings are rolling in here at Skybarn but we still do have availability for March but only one pitch left for each of the 1st, 3rd and 4th weekends. Easter weekend filled up a while ago as did August Bank Holiday but we do have availability for both the May Bank Holidays.
For those of you who don't know our CL we are www.skybarnfarm.co.uk on the outskirts of the beautiful and historic city of Lincoln. We have 5 fully serviced, level hard standing pitches, free WiFi, 1.5 mile dog walk around our fields, coded access gate with 24 hour CCTV, easy access for even the largest of outfits and only 10 minutes from the A1. Pitch fees are £15.00 per night.
In our information hut you will find dozens of places for you to visit in the area including the magnificent Gothic Lincoln Cathedral, medieval Lincoln Castle, Lincolnshire's numerous Aviation Heritage centres, Doddington Hall with gardens, farm shop and cafe/restaurant, Whisby Nature Reserve (excellent dog walking), Gainsborough Old Hall plus several National Trust and English Heritage properties nearby too.
Information about all the above and more can be found on our website. On the 'useful information' page of our website you will find information about public transport (buses, trains, park & ride), parking (including for motorhomes), cycling, walking and dog friendly Lincoln.
We have an availability calendar where you can book online which is the quickest way to secure your chosen dates and we're happy to take phone or email bookings too.
Looking forward to seeing many of you during 2019.
Read our many (150+) wonderful reviews!
Lower Moorend View Cl Caravan site located in Cauldon, Leek , St10 , Staffordshire.
We got a lot of pitches available for spring and summer 2019.
We offer Hard standing, EHU 16 amp , Water on each pitch , Toilets, disposal point.
Rural and peaceful location with fabulous view over staffordshire moorlands.
Perfect for families and nature lovers.
We have availability for the Churches Flower Festival held in all the villages around us, they also provide light lunches, tea and cakes and local stalls in the Church Halls, it is held 27th April to 6th May.
Donington is also the home of the Flinders family, Matthew Flinders was one of the bodies found in London. There is a statue in the market place and lots of interesting information in the church.
We also have availability for Easter and Bank Holidays and most of the year until November.
We are an old fashioned site with a lawned field and dog walk we also have EHU, peaceful and quiet, no road noise, good tv reception £11 per night no extras.
We have one pitch available at Birch Hill CL this weekend.


ability to get the best experience and education.
In schools of yesteryear, students with specials needs have been isolated first in different schools, then in separate classes. Students with special needs have also been included for partial portions of the school.
A big part of special education is making sure the students are included with the general education students as much as possible.
As a resource teacher it was a big part of what I did with the students; getting them involved in the mainstream classroom. At times kids went to general education classes where they participated in their strongest subject with the other students and came to special education when the class was working on subjects they needed more help with.
Now many schools have inclusion classrooms and many special education students are in the general education classrooms all day. Special Education teachers sometimes go from classroom to classroom working with the students right in the classroom. At our school we had 6 inclusion special education teachers that divided the grades up between them and spent their days in the general education classroom. The special education teachers worked with the grade level teacher or assisted the teacher in presenting the materials in ways all the students could understand and master them.
As a self contained teacher, I was always working with teachers in multiple grades to include my students not only in academic areas they could manage successfully, but also social, recreational and non-academic activities. Many of the students attend physical education, music, art, assemblies, meals and field trips with a buddy class. They also attend parties and social activities with them.
Provide variety of instructional methods to meet the needs of all children. (this can include but is not limited to: team teaching, cross grade grouping, cooperative learning groups, and peer tutoring.
PAIR KIDS - At the beginning of each year, we pair up special education students with general ed students in their grade level classes.
Throughout the year students participate in activities with their partners such as parties, dances, field days and field trips with this class where appropriate. This helps the students form relationships from the beginning of the year and make friends.
PAIR CLASSES - Pair general ed classes with special needs classes or students. We often pair with a grade level class that matches best with the over level of the students I have that year. We visit their classroom when they are working on a special project. The kids enjoy working together and sharing ideas and helping each other learn. We go together with our buddy class to special programs, attend special functions together and pair up to do to go on field trips together. We even work together on reading and sharing books, practicing flash cards for vocabulary and math facts.
Our kids loved eating lunch with their gen. ed buddies.
What are some things you do to include your special education students in things in the mainstream?


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Home US/World News Fort Hood searching for missing sergeant
Fort Hood searching for missing sergeant
Sgt. Elder Fernandes, who is 5 feet, 4 inches tall and weighs 135 pounds, was last seen wearing black Army shorts, a T-shirt and red shoes. File Photo courtesy of the U.S. Army
Aug. 22 (UPI) — Fort Hood called for the public's help Friday in its search for a missing soldier, bringing attention yet again to the Army base in Texas where three service members have died in recent months.
The base's official Twitter account said it's searching for Sgt. Elder Fernandes, 23, a chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear specialist assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division Sustainment Brigade.
Fernandes, who is 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighs 135 pounds, was last seen wearing black Army shorts, a T-shirt and red shoes.
"Our primary concern is for his health and well-being," a release from Fort Hood said Thursday.
"We have completed a search of the entire division area, to include motorpools, parking lots, and headquarters buildings and the unit is in contact with the soldiers family, the U.S. Army Criminal Investigation Division and civilian law enforcement agencies to help find him as we continue our search."
Fort Hood has come under scrutiny in recent months after three service members assigned to the base died in separate incidents.
Military officials suspect foul play in the death of Pvt. Gregory Wedel-Morales, who went missing Aug. 19, 2019, and was found dead in June.
The remains of Spc. Vanessa Guillen were identified in July after a more than two-month search. The Army said it's possible Guillen had been sexually harassed before her death, though it's unknown if the two things are related.
The Army Criminal Investigation Command identified Spc. Aaron David Robinson as a suspect in the case. He died by suicide as law enforcement attempted to make contact with him.
A second suspect, 22-year-old Cecily Aguilar, has been arrested on accusations she helped Robinson, her boyfriend, dismember Guillen's body and bury it in three different locations.
And the body of Pvt. Mejhor Morta, 26, was found about 15 miles southeast of Fort Hood near Stillhouse Lake. Preliminary results of an autopsy ordered by Justice of the Peace Garland Potvin indicate the cause of death as "consistent with a drowning," the statement read.
The Army hired a team of civilian experts last month to conduct an independent review of the climate and culture at Fort Hood and the surrounding military community.
Army Secretary Ryan McCarthy said he intends to listen to members of the community and enact reforms to missing person policies.
"Anger and frustration in a case like Vanessa's is necessary. I'm angry, frustrated and disappointed. We're heartbroken," McCarthy said Aug. 6. "We rely on these units to protect our way of life. We're going to do everything that we can to prevent these types of things from happening, to learn from this and to move on. But we will do everything we can to protect her legacy by making enduring changes."
Fort Hood is located about halfway between Waco and Austin, Texas.
Army Secretary Ryan McCarthy
Cecily Aguilar
Pvt. Mejhor Morta
Sgt. Elder Fernandes
Spc. Aaron David Robinson
Spc. Vanessa Guillen
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Army: Vanessa Guillen's death was 'in the line of duty'
Army Secretary acknowledges Fort Hood concerns during visit
Third Fort Hood soldier found dead in the last month


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LA Production Sees Small Rise In 2012 Despite TV Drama Drop: FilmLA
By Dominic Patten
Dominic Patten
Senior Editor, Legal & TV Critic
@DeadlineDominic
More Stories By Dominic
Joe Biden's Inauguration TV Special Adds Kerry Washington, Bruce Springsteen Eva Longoria & John Legend
Bob Iger & Willow Bay Praised By LA Mayor For $5M Donation To Help Covid-19-Hurt Small Businesses
'WandaVision' Review: Marvel's First Disney+ Series Is Too AARP & Not Enough MCU
2012 was a rollercoaster of a year for production in Los Angeles County, said FilmLA today. In its end of year report, the non-profit permitting group noted that while overall on-location production in LA County rose a meager 1.7% from 2011, TV Drama fell a harsh 20% from the year before. FilmLA's data comes from filming permits for shooting on streets, non-certified sound stages and in unincorporated areas of Los Angeles County. With the likes of the upcoming LA-set Gangster Squad actually filming in LA, 2012 Feature production saw a slight 3.7% rise over 2011 with 5,892 PPD as compared to the 5,682 of the year before. That is actually the best year since 2008 before the state passed the California Film & TV Tax Credit Program, which now hands out up to $100 million a year in a lottery system. On the flipside, the drop in Drama-permitted days and the 11.8% slide in the TV Reality category pulled overall TV production in the region down 3.4% with 16,762 permitted days in 2012 compared to the 17,349 PPD in 2011. However, TV Sitcom filming was up 52.9% with 2,048 PPD compared to 2011's 1,339 PPD. TV Pilots were up 2.2% from 2011. Commercials rose 14.1% in 2012 over the year before. (more…)
This article was printed from	https://deadline.com/2013/01/la-production-sees-small-rise-in-2012-despite-tv-drama-drop-filmla-399199/


T31EU Kanton DXpedition 2019 Central Kiribati IOTA OC-043 February 16th to March 5th 2019.
7P8LB Lesotho 2019 - DX-Pedition Lesotho 2019 7P8LB will be active from Lesotho during the period of 8th - 16th of March 2019.
J20DX Djibouti - After their successful EL2EL/4 DXpedition to AF-111NEW, Col MM0NDX and Jonathan MM0OKG are delighted to announce another exciting IOTA/DXCC Project � this time to Djibouti, East Africa April 14-20, 2019.
T31EU Kanton Island 2019 - T31EU Kanton DXpedition 2019 Central Kiribati IOTA OC-043 February 16th to March 5th 2019.
Search only in "DXpedition 2019"


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Back in the Game, The Client List, American Horror Story: TV Series Finale Podcast #55
by Trevor Kimball, November 7, 2013
American Horror Story will return to FX but The Client List has been cancelled on Lifetime. Back in the Game is ending on ABC but the network has ordered full seasons of Trophy Wife and The Goldbergs. Super Fun Night isn't quite as lucky.
NBC isn't ready to drop Sean Saves the World yet and Hollywood Game Night is returning next month. Saving Hope was cancelled by NBC but the show has been renewed for a third season.
ABC Family is bringing Ravenswood back in 2014, in place of Twisted which has been delayed. FX has announced that Justified and Archer will return in January. New animated series Chozen will debut with Archer. The Americans and Legit are returning in February.
Amazon's new TV shows Alpha House and Betas are coming later this month. Hulu has picked up a second season of Quick Draw. Netflix has announced that season two of Lilyhammer will debut in December. The video service has also ordered four new Marvel TV shows.
HBO has released descriptions of the final five episodes of Treme and Syfy will premiere their new series, Helix, on January 10th.
You can check out how the current TV shows are doing on the five networks — ABC, CBS, The CW, FOX, and NBC. Tune in!
http://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.libsyn.com/tvseriesfinale/tvseriesfinale055-back-in-the-game-the-client-list-american-horror-story.mp3
To receive future podcasts automatically, be sure to subscribe using this RSS feed or click here to subscribe via iTunes.
What do you think? I appreciate your feedback and suggestions for future episodes of the podcast!
More about: Alpha House, American Horror Story, Archer, Back in the Game, Betas, Chozen, Helix, Hollywood Game Night, Justified, Legit, Lilyhammer, Quick Draw, Ravenswood, Saving Hope, Sean Saves The World, Super Fun Night, The Americans, The Client List, The Goldbergs, Treme, Trophy Wife, Twisted
American Horror Story: Seasons 11, 12, and 13; FX Series Renewed, Sarah Paulson Returning
American Horror Story: Will Season 10 Be the End of the FX Series?
American Horror Story: Is the FX TV Series Cancelled or Renewed for Season Nine?
American Horror Story: Season Eight; FX Series' Return Date Revealed
American Horror Story: Season Eight; Joan Collins (Dynasty) Joining the FX Series
American Horror Story: Season Eight; Sarah Paulson, Evan Peters and Kathy Bates Returning to FX TV Series
American Horror Story: Season Eight; Ryan Murphy Teases the Future of the FX Series
American Horror Story: Lena Dunham Joins Season Seven of FX Series
American Horror Story: Season Seven to Feature Bad Guy's Return
American Horror Story: Season Seven; Adina Porter Returning to FX Series
American Horror Story: Season Seven; Leslie Grossman (Popular) Joins FX Series
American Horror Story: Season Seven Story Kept Secret But Two Actors Returning
American Horror Story: Season Seven Renewal for FX Series
American Horror Story: Season Seven? How Long Will the FX Series Last?
American Horror Story: Sarah Paulson Returns to Season Six of FX Series
American Horror Story: Season Six to Include Lady Gaga
The title of article made me think american horror story was ending! ARGGHHH!!


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#Ding
Windows 10 Ding - Sound clip
The 'Windows 10 Ding' sound clip made by ZozV belongs to the Funny category. In this category you will find more meme sound effects, sound clips and sound effects about #'Windows', '10', 'Ding', 'LoL', 'Meme', 'Funny', 'Original', 'MP3', 'download', 'Soundboards', 'SoundEffects', 'MicrosoftWindows'. This audio clip has been played 1037 times and has been liked 1 times. The 'Windows 10 Ding' sound clip has been created on 4/17/2020 11:30:54 PM.
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Lewis County PUD awarded $9.4 million for broadband deployment to Vader, Mineral, Elbe, and Ashford communities
Lewis County PUD awarded $9.4 million for broadband deployment to Vader, Mineral, Elbe, and Ashford communities.
On Friday, December 3, the Washington State Public Works Board approved a motion to proceed with grant awards from its 2021 Broadband Construction funding cycle. Included in the list of grant awards were two broadband projects submitted by Lewis County PUD – one project to build fiber optic broadband infrastructure to serve up to 1,135 customers in the greater Vader community and another project to build fiber optic broadband infrastructure to serve up to 1,363 customers in the Elbe, Mineral, and Ashford communities. Each project was awarded $4.7 million for a total of $9.4 million. Both builds are expected to take approximately 24 months, with activation of service for customers to occur no later than May 2024. "These recently awarded projects, and several planned projects in the future, are game-changing for these communities," said Tim Cournyer, President of the PUD Board of Commissioners. "Broadband is a 21st century utility that increases the quality of life and economic prosperity for those who have access to it: students can access educational resources, people of all ages can access virtual healthcare, and consumers and businesses alike benefit from e-commerce." In the coming weeks, the PUD will engage in grant award contracting with the state, and the PUD Board of Commissioners will continue to review financial modeling as it relates to broadband deployments to ensure proper due diligence is being conducted.
Joe Schey, Mayor of the city of Vader, shared the following reaction after hearing news of the grant award by saying, "Being one of the first communities in the county to take part in this new public utility-based internet system is truly exciting. Even more exciting is the prospect of connection speeds that rival anything else in the region, and with a competitive ecosystem of internet service providers from which our residents can choose. Without a doubt, this will attract further development to the area and give new opportunities to current residents and businesses."
Cynthia Swift, Manager of the East Lewis County Chamber of Commerce echoed similar sentiments for the Mineral, Elbe and Ashford communities saying, "We are very grateful for the decision to finally bring high-speed internet to our rural communities of Ashford, Elbe and Mineral. Being able to compete for any work-from-home job, access online school classes, and participation in online meetings will allow the people living in these locations to join the rest of the modern world."
Both builds include fiber-to-the-home deployment, which means residential and commercial end-users in the project areas will have access to purchase an internet subscription with speeds of 150 Megabits per second (Mbps) download and upload, with capabilities of up to 1 Gigabit per second download and upload for commercial customers who require such services. The infrastructure will be deployed as an open access network, which means the PUD will own and operate the underlying infrastructure and private internet service providers (ISPs) will utilize the infrastructure to provide service directly to residential and commercial customers.
The PUD is currently in conversations with private ISPs who may be interested in serving customers on this new infrastructure. Thus far, one company has agreed to serve customers on the system: Toledo Telephone Company ("ToledoTel"), a local, family-owned telecommunications company based in Toledo. "ToledoTel is excited to partner with the PUD on these projects to offer high-speed internet service to the customers in these communities," said Dale Merten, Chief Operating Officer at ToledoTel.
Shortly after the start of the pandemic, the PUD launched a community-wide broadband survey in May 2020. 3,673 PUD customers participated in the survey, which included a speed test. The PUD learned that 77.2% of respondents don't have access to broadband per the Federal Communications Commission's (FCC) definition of 25 Mbps download/3 Mbps upload. Also, an astonishing 97% of respondents said they consider internet access an "essential utility."
Lewis County PUD is working to secure state and federal grants for several other communities within the county. "Following our 2020 broadband survey, the PUD developed designs for broadband deployments throughout the PUD's service territory," said Jeff Baine, PUD Information Systems and Telecommunications Manager. "We know many other communities in Lewis County still need access to broadband, and we're committed to acquiring the grant funds to make that happen."
About Lewis County PUD
Lewis County PUD is a community-owned, locally governed utility providing power services and telecommunications infrastructure to approximately 33,000 customers throughout most of Lewis County and adjacent communities.
Outage News
Cowlitz Falls Day Use Park closed 1/6/22 beginning at 12:00 p.m. (noon)
Thursday, January 6th
PLANNED OUTAGE: 134 customers west of Vader to temporarily lose power on 1/11 @ 5:45 a.m.
Copper Canyon Kayaker Take-Out Site closed 12/20 & 12/21 due to maintenance activities; reopens on 12/22
Friday, December 17th
Read Your Q4 Customer Newsletter Here
PUD Employee Fund Donates $1,000 to Lewis County Food Bank Coalition
Tuesday, December 7th
Monday, December 6th


Since the discovery that the receptor HER2 (erbB2/neu) was overexpressed in 20–30% of breast cancers, and its subsequent association with poor prognosis, there has been much interest in this protein. The production of the humanised antibody to HER2 (Herceptin [trastuzumab]) and the use of Herceptin to treat patients with HER2 positive tumours has emphasised the potential of targeted treatments for breast cancer. The differences between HER2 and the other members of the type I receptor family (epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR], HER3, HER4) have also been researched. HER2 differs in that it has no known ligand and when overexpressed HER2 can form dimers. In contrast the other receptors have several known ligands that promote dimer formation on binding. HER receptors can form both homo and heterodimers with HER2 acting as the preferred dimer partner. The activation of these receptors either by overexpression or ligand binding leads to the activation of intracellular growth promoting pathways and thus promotes tumour growth.
A recent paper in Nature  reports the crystal structure of the extracellular region of HER2 alone and in combination with Herceptin. HER receptors comprise an extracellular region of about 630 amino acids, a single membrane-spanning region and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase. The extracellular region contains four domains arranged as a tandem repeat of a two-domain unit consisting of a ~190-amino acid L domain (domains I and III) followed by a ~120-amino acid cysteine-rich domain (domains II and IV) . Crystal structures of HER receptors complexed to epidermal growth factor (EGF) or transforming growth factor (TGF)-α, reveal these ligands bound to domains I and III, and a long finger-like projection from domain II mediating an inter-receptor dimer. Crystal forms of non-activated forms of HER3  and HER1 (EGFR)  reveal this finger-like projection from domain II making an intramolecular contact with domain IV preventing dimerisa-tion by occluding the dimerisation interface. Binding of ligand must therefore cause a domain rearrangement, bringing domains I and III close together and freeing the domain II projection to participate in dimer formation. HER2 lacks the domain II-IV contact and the domain I-III interface appears stable . The HER2 domain arrangement is thus very similar to that observed in other HER receptors when complexed with ligand. The fact that HER2 lacks the internal autoinhibitory structure may explain why it readily forms dimers in the absence of ligand; in effect it is in the active configuration at all times.
Three papers in Nature Medicine [4–6] give an insight into one way that active HER receptors may promote tumour growth. Active receptors can stimulate the phosphatidyl inositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway via binding of the p85 subunit of PI3K resulting in activation of Akt. The Akt kinase inactivates several pro-apoptosis molecules including Bad, caspase-9, forkhead transcription factors, Iκβ kinase and p53 (via MDM2 mediated phosphorylation). All three papers describe the translocation of p27 to the cytoplasm when phosphorylated by Akt. This removes the inhibition of the cyclin dependant kinase, cyclin-E/CDK2, mediated by nuclear p27. CDK2 is involved in G1 arrest so this inhibition increases cell proliferation. Cytoplasmic p27 was demonstrated in 41% of breast cancers [4–6] along with activated Akt and this correlated with poor prognosis . In normal breast tissue activated Akt was not detected and p27 was nuclear. The potential link between this mechanism and HER2 activation was demonstrated by Shin et al  who decreased activation of Akt by blocking HER2 with Herceptin, resulting in increased levels of p27 in the nucleus. Akt can also be activated via other receptors, and also by Ras activation, mutational loss of PTEN or activating mutation of Akt itself, all of which could lead to translocation of p27 and growth stimulation. Liang et al  demonstrated that activation of Akt renders cells resistant to growth inhibition by TGF-β and interleukin-6, and that inhibition of the Akt pathway reverses this effect.
The first 3 papers are of note as they demonstrate the importance of structural studies to elucidate the action of proteins. They demonstrate a structural difference between HER2 and other human epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR and HER3) that suggests reasons why HER2 actively promotes tumour growth. The latter three papers demonstrate the importance of Akt in breast cancer with its ability to remove G1 arrest via phosphorylation of p27. This can be as a result of stimulation by receptors (e.g. HER overexpressors) or by other Akt stimu-latory mechanisms. These papers raise several possibilities for breast cancer therapies; the blocking of Akt could make cancer cells more sensitive to many growth inhibitory agents. Designing drugs to target the regions of HER receptors required for binding may effectively block some Akt stimulation and therefore tumour growth. Also, cytoplasmic localisation of p27 could serve as a marker of HER receptor activation, which may aid in treatment of HER2 positive tumours. Currently the presence of HER2 overexpression and/or gene amplification is tested for rather than activity of the receptor and that may in some part explain the failure of Herceptin in some patients. These papers provide more information about specific growth promotion mechanisms in breast tumours and could help towards producing genetically targeted therapies appropriate to what drives growth in individual breast tumours.
This article is based on papers highlighted by Faculty of 1000 http://www.facultyof1000.com/start.asp, a web-based literature awareness service. Faculty of 1000 evaluations available for articles cited in this report may be viewed at: http://www.breast-cancer-research.com/reports/bcr613.asp.


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You Have No Excuse for Dead Code
In darker times, software management would measure productivity as a function of lines of code. More code means more done, right? Facepalm. When I work with IT management in my capacity as a consultant, I encourage them to view code differently. I encourage them to view code as a liability, like inventory. And when useful code is a liability, think of what a boat anchor dead code is.
I once wrote a fun post about the fate of dead code in your codebase. And while I enjoyed writing that, it had a serious underlying message. Dead code costs you time, money, and maintenance headaches. And it has absolutely no upside.
A Working Definition for Dead Code
Okay. If I'm going to make a blog post out of disparaging dead code, I should probably offer a definition. Let's do that here.
Some people will draw a distinction between code that can't be executed (unreachable) and executed code whose effects don't matter (dead). I acknowledge this definition but won't use it here. For the sake of simplicity and clarity of message, let's create a single category of dead code: any code in your codebase that has no bearing on your application's behavior is, for our purposes here, dead.
The Problems with Dead Code
Having defined it, what's the problem? If it has no bearing on your application's behavior, what's the harm? How does it cost time and money, as I claimed a moment ago?
Well, simply put, your code does not live in a shrink-wrapped vacuum. As your application evolves, developers have to change the code. When you have only code that matters in your codebase, they can do this with the most efficiency. If, on the other hand, you have thousands of lines of useless code, these developers will spend hundreds of hours maintaining that useless code.
Think of having dead code as being reminiscent of running your heat in the winter while keeping all of your windows open. It's self-defeating and wasteful.
But even worse, it's a totally solvable problem. Let's take a look at different types of dead code that you encounter and what you can do about it.
Commented-Out Code
Let's start with an easy one. I'm talking about commented-out code. This happens when you take a chunk of code and comment all of it out, like this:
//public virtual void RunSynchronousCommand(string command, string argument) //{ // Process.Start(command, argument).WaitForExit(); //}
//public virtual void RunSynchronousCommand(string command, string argument)
// Process.Start(command, argument).WaitForExit();
I think this comes about for a couple of reasons. First, some folks carry this kind of thing forward from before the days of ubiquitous source control. They leave it in as historical reference. Secondly, people comment out an implementation to experiment with another and then forget to remove the commented code.
Whatever the reason, your course of action is simple. Just delete it on sight, no questions asked. If someone needs this, source control will have it. And if you don't have source control, you have bigger problems than dead code.
This is where my definition may run counter to other folks' ways of thinking. But I'm going to lump unreachable code in as a subset of what I'm calling dead code. Unreachable code looks like this:
public int Add(int x, int y) { return x + y; return 2 + 2; }
public int Add(int x, int y)
return x + y;
return 2 + 2;
That second line method is, thankfully, unreachable. Never in all the world will you reach that line of code that returns 2 + 2.
Getting rid of this code is also pretty easy, and you should do it with no questions asked. While you won't always pick this up immediately on visual inspection, your compiler will warn you about it. That's because it understands you'll never use this code. So make sure you pay attention to compiler warnings — or better still, enable a setting where you treat them as errors.
Unused Parameters, Variables, Fields, Return Values
Now we start to get into somewhat more subtle territory. I'll give an example here of an unused parameter, but the same sort of reasoning applies to variables, fields, and return values as well.
public int Add(int x, int y, int z) { return x + y; }
public int Add(int x, int y, int z)
Notice that the parameter z has no impact on the method. In fact, it's never referenced at all. This unused parameter represents a form of dead code. It serves no purpose and will only confuse maintenance programmers. Why is this here? Should I be doing something with z? Did someone used to do something with it?
Spare them the mental waste by getting rid of unused constructs like this. Many times, your IDE will flag them for you. If not, productivity add-ins will flag and sometimes even fix them. For fields, specifically, NDepend will call them out for you.
The same principle applies here — if you determine these things to be useless, delete them. Even if they serve as some kind of historical reference point, let them serve that way in your source control history and not in your code.
Uncalled Non-Publicly-Visible Methods
There's one final case of relatively easy dead code that I'll mention: the uncalled non-public method. Here you have a method with a visibility indicating that only your code could call it. But none of your code does call it.
This can easily happen when you factor away from using some kind of auxiliary method or when you create a new version of a method but forget to delete the old version. This sort of thing happens relatively frequently, and it leaves you with a method you don't need anymore.
This is easy enough to detect. Again, some IDEs will detect this automatically, as will some plugins. If you use NDepend, you can use its "potentially dead methods" functionality. If you take a deep dive into the CQLinq for that functionality, you'll see that this computation is surprisingly complex. You have to ignore things you might not immediately consider, such as compiler-generated methods, finalizers, etc.
Again, once you've identified these methods using your tools, delete them. If deleting them produces no compiler errors or unit test failures, you should feel reasonably confident that you'll experience no adverse side effects (though you may want to run more tests).
Visible Methods and Types
This brings us to the final and most difficult type of dead code to eliminate. It's hard simply because so many things can go wrong.
You may find methods or types in your codebase that have no references to them. You might then delete them with no errors at all. But that might actually prove catastrophic.
When these things have public visibility, they might be part of an API that you offer. Or they might only get invoked through something like an IoC container. It gets really hard to identify this type of dead code with certainty.
But that doesn't mean you have no options. You could, for instance, use NDepend to actively flag any types and methods intended for use in IoCs or publicly. This kind of opt-in white-listing would give you confidence when deleting errand methods. Another option you have is to make sure you have very robust automated testing. And finally, you can write your own CQLinq queries to help prevent and eliminate this type of code, knowing your own tools and dependencies.
While this presents the most difficult sort of dead code to root out, it doesn't render the task impossible by a long shot. Avoid writing speculative code, stay organized, and routinely audit your code for dead code candidates.
Take Advantage of Tooling
I absolutely stand by the claim that there's no excuse for dead code. That doesn't mean that you'll never have it or that you're a bad programmer if you do. We'll all have an instance here or there, just as we all occasionally overindulge a sweet tooth. Realize that you've indulged, remedy the situation, and don't make excuses.
The tooling in this day and age is so good that it can automatically find just about any potential candidate for dead code that you can think of. You just have to make sure you avail yourself of that tooling and then pay attention to what it says. And finally, have the discipline to act on its results, deleting dead code and updating the tool's configuration so that it doesn't keep flagging false positives.
Being a programmer is hard, and maintaining code is hard. There's no reason to make it harder and more confusing by maintaining useless code.


Dine America keynote speaker, Dr. Jerry Newman, a distinguished professor at SUNY Buffalo, had his book, My Secret Life on the McJob: Lessons in Leadership Guaranteed to Supersize any Management Style, named as one of the best books of 2007 by the Wall Street Journal.
In preparation for his book, Newman worked in seven fast-food restaurants across the country, observing operations. Newman is also author of about 100 articles on compensation and rewards, performance management, and other human resource issues.
Dr. Jerry Newman will serve as the opening day (Monday, April 7, 2008) keynote speaker at the fifth annual Dine America executive idea exchange conference being held April 6–8 at the Hilton Americas-Houston in downtown Houston, Texas.


The world's top players battle it out every June on the grass courts for tennis's most prestigious trophy. The Centre Court roof, first used in 2009, means that the English weather need never interfere with play. You can visit the Wimbledon Museum and take a tour throughout the year.
In cricket-crazed India, its largest ground Eden Gardens holds up to 100,000 fans, usually at fever-pitch level. Buy a ticket for a test match against Pakistan, or an excitable floodlit night game.
Home of the Boston Red Sox, and of famous pitcher Babe Ruth, little has changed since opening its gates in 1912. Right-handed hitters still aim for the 11m-high Green Monster painted on the left-field wall, close to the manual scoreboard, one of the remaining few in Major League.
Join 90,000 locals to watch one of Rio's four teams in this mammoth stadium. Hours before kick-off, samba drums beat and huge banderão (flags) unfurled. For the match, think attack and plenty of noise – it's no wonder that for most sports fans, Brazil is football.
Wrap up to cheer on the Green Bay Packers. The ground isn't nicknamed the Frozen Tundra for nothing: on sub-zero match nights from September to January, steam rises from the heads of hard-core ice-cold fans, warmed only by adrenalin and hot coffee.
Nicknamed the Water Cube, this architectural landmark with a white bubble-pattern façade made a real splash at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Visitors can taste sporting glory by swimming in the pool used by the record-breaking medallists. Take a walk around the outside, especially when it's lit up at night.
For the motor-racing calendar's glamour fixture, visitors should book a Monaco hotel several months ahead. Fans can watch the high-octane action through the city's narrow streets from the grandstand or restaurant terraces, with the beautiful people watching from private yachts in the harbour.
In Africa's largest stadium, host of top football events including the 2006 African Cup of Nations, the real buzz is a local derby between Cairo rivals Al Ahly and Zamalek. Ask at your hotel how to get a ticket for this prime sporting clash and join 80,000 Cairenes.
Azalea blossoms dot this famous course with a long history. At this home to the prestigious Masters tournament, golf fans rarely get to play a round but can satisfy their thirst watch their golfing heroes tackle challenging water hazards for the coveted Green Jacket.
This huge arena hosts basketball and circuses, but it's best known for its boxing ring, making it one of the top 10 sporting venues of the world. Boxing greats from Muhammad Ali to Joe Calzaghe have seen glory here. Book a New York hotel and witness sporting history.


At the trial against the suspected murderer of South African rightwing leader Eugene Terre'Blanche, his widow testified that the accusation that her husband 'sodomised' the suspect could not be true. It would be totally against his political principles, she claimed. In other words: Terre'Blanche was rightwing and racist and therefore a straight and white supremacist.
Austrian politician Jörg Haider was rightwing, and gay.
Nazi leader Ernst Röhm was gay.
Dutch King of Conspiracy Willem Oltmans was pro-Apartheid and hunting black boys to satisfy his sexual desires.
Some things go well together.
We don't know if the accused tells the truth. We do know that Ms Terre'Blanche is extremely naïve.


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ENVS 4360: Glacial Environments
Resources to Help with Writing a Literature Review
Video: Connecting Google Scholar with University of Guelph Library
Glaciations in North and South America from the Miocene to the Last Glacial Maximum: Comparisons, Linkages and Uncertainties by Rutter, Nat et al.
Encyclopedia of Snow, Ice and Glaciers by Vijay P. Singh, Pratap Singh, Umesh K. Haritashya
Glacier Science and Environmental Change by Knight, Peter G.
Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments by Gornitz, Vivien
Encyclopedia of Global Change (eBook) by Goudie, A.S.
A search engine for articles, theses and reports produced by academic publishers, universities, and preprint depositories
Dates of Coverage: All Time Periods
URL: https://guides.lib.uoguelph.ca/ENVS4360
Subjects: ENVS - Environmental Sciences


Two Lovers has roots in pure soap opera, but its gentle pacing and delicate performances lift it blithely above the dangers of parody as it tells the story of two tortured misfits groping in the dark for human contact. Mr. Phoenix plays Leonard, a stammering bipolar man with an almost visibly agonizing inability to communicate, living at home and working as a deliveryboy in his family's dry cleaning business across the river from Manhattan. The film begins when he jumps off a bridge to commit suicide, then swims back to the surface to clear up some unfinished business with his empty life. Leonard has a history of such attempts, and when he goes off his meds, his worried mother (Isabella Rossellini) has good reason for her gray hair. But Leonard is no ordinary sad-faced Jewish failure heading for middle age with diffidence and dread. He's nice, polite to a fault, something of a clown around children, but so depressed he sleeps all day. "Like a vampire," sighs his overprotective mother. Things brighten when an alluring blond shiksa named Michelle (Ms. Paltrow) moves into the building and a casual friendship turns obsessional. She drags Leonard to Manhattan into the heart of the club scene, and for a while Leonard goes down the rabbit hole. Leonard's parents have already picked out a sweet Jewish girl named Sandra (Vinessa Shaw) to share his life, but once he falls under the spell of the gorgeous all-American Michelle, quiet evenings at home with Chinese takeout no longer have the same homey appeal. Ms. Paltrow (who in real life is half-Jewish herself) is the quintessential WASP dream girl from The Heartbreak Kid.
Unfortunately, she has more problems than Leonard does. Michelle is in the middle of a miserable affair with a married man, pregnant, and no stranger to alcohol and drugs. He's torn between two women—the available Jewish girl who loves him unconditionally but bores him, and his pill-popping neurotic neighbor, beautiful but lost. Sandra's family wants to set him up in business, guaranteeing him a future with security. But Leonard is hooked on the wrong girl—carrying Michelle to the hospital when she has a miscarriage, meeting her on the roof at dawn to lend a sympathetic ear to her troubles, ordering tickets for them both to escape to a new life in San Francisco and buying an engagement ring. I'm taking no bets on what happens next, but suffice it to say Two Lovers is a case of the blind leading the blind, each having just enough vision to break the other's heart.
Directed by James Gray—who specializes in gangster themes like The Yards and We Own the Night, both of which starred Mr. Phoenix—this film, inspired by the Dostoyevsky story "White Nights," marks a welcome change of pace, and is devoid of the unexpected. From the opening shot of a bird flying across the misty skyline before settling on Leonard's aborted suicide jump, contrasting animal freedom with human entrapment, Two Lovers might be too well crafted—and possibly too old-fashioned and traditional—to cause much excitement among pretentious critics. But in every sense of the word, it's an adult film that wears its heart on its sleeve—a giant step forward for Mr. Gray. And for Ms. Paltrow, who hasn't appeared in a deserving role since playing suicidal poet Sylvia Plath in 2003. Mr. Phoenix is an extraordinary mixture of vulnerability, infantilism, sophistication and self-delusion. His attempt to woo Michelle with a flash of bold John Travolta break dancing is a great scene, and with his manic moods switching between ecstasy and depression, his stupid mistakes, social gaffes and juvenile attempts at humor are rendered all the more touching. At 34, with a maturity beyond his years, he's one of the screen's most admirable risk takers, but since the completion of Two Lovers, he's announced his retirement from acting to pursue a career in rap music. If true, it's a big loss. Recent news photos reveal him to be overweight and unkempt, his face covered with long, freaky hair. What gets into these people? Have they stayed too long at the fair? Or is it the Hollywood tap water?


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alt-J Announce 2022 Australian Tour Dates
One day before they release fourth album, The Dream, alt-J have announced their first Australian tour since 2017.
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Almost five years on from their last visit to the country, English indie icons alt-J have announced their return to Australia, sharing a run of tour dates this morning.
Last in the country in late 2017 in support of their third full-length album, Relaxer, the honorary Australians have – like the rest of the world – spent the last few years in a form of stasis. Returning to the stage late last year, the group began their large scale return with the release of new singles "U&Me" and "Get Better" and announcing their fourth record, The Dream, would emerge in early 2022.
Now, one day before the group unleash their latest album, they've also shared a number of Australian tour dates, which are set to kick off later this year.
Set to begin with a visit to Auckland on September 17th, alt-J will head over to Australia soon after, playing headline dates in Brisbane, Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, and Perth.
In an interview with Rolling Stone UK, the group's forthcoming album is described as both "the work of a band artistically grounded in the here and now" and a "masterpiece", ultimately setting the stage for what is bound to be some of the group's best work and most exciting shows to date.
"This is gonna sound really extreme, but something died on Relaxer and something was reborn on The Dream," says keyboardist and vocalist Gus Unger-Hamilton. "We've entered a new life cycle."
alt-J's The Dream is set for release on Friday, February 11th.
alt–J – The Dream Tour Australia & New Zealand 2022
Saturday September, 17th
Spark Arena, Auckland, NZ
Tickets: Ticketmaster
Riverstage, Brisbane, QLD
Thursday, September 22nd
Margaret Court Arena, Melbourne, VIC
Tickets: Ticketek
Saturday, September 24th
Hordern Pavilion, Sydney, NSW
Adelaide Entertainment Centre Theatre, Adelaide, SA
Thursday, September 29th
HBF Stadium, Perth, WA
Tickets on sale from 12pm local time, Friday, February 18th
Frontier Touring pre-sale runs 24 hours from 12pm local time, Tuesday, February 15th
In This Article: Alt-J


The PRO SPORT ™ is K-Rain's next generation of professional rotors, designed specifically for sports turf applications with head spacing from 40' to 65'.
The PRO SPORT ™ comes standard with a unique triple nozzle. The triple nozzle configuration consists of a primary nozzle for long distance and two secondary nozzles for mid-range and short distance coverage. This nozzle design provides even water distribution from 45' to 77'.
This model has a stainless steel riser.
Revolutionary Patented Top Arc Set – Simplified arc set allows for wet or dry adjustment in seconds.
Triple Nozzle Configuration – Ensures even distribution of water.
2N1 Adjustable or Continuous Rotation – Provides a full range of adjustment from 40° to a continuous full circle.
Top Arc Set Degree Markings – Clearly indicates the current watering pattern and simplifies arc set adjustment.
Arc Memory Clutch – Prevents internal gear damage and returns rotor to its prior setting automatically if nozzle turret is forced past stop.
Time Proven Patented Reversing Mechanism – Assures continuous reverse and return…over a 35 year history.
Heavy Duty Rubber Cover and Mud Guard – Protects against physical injury and reduces liability, allows sprinkler to be installed below grade.
Factory Installed Check Valve – Prevents low head drainage.


Perfect collaborating challenge to bring a group together to reinforce their bond of team work and unity. Design and construct a 30' long bridge made only from newspaper, cardboard and limited supplies. Each team is responsible for a section of the bridge. There are height requirements to add an extra challenge! In the end a remote control car must be able to drive across the entire length of the bridge! Have your team bond and build a bridge to success!!


Double World Superbike Champion, Jonathan Rea, was honoured last week as he was presented with Kawasaki Motors UK's 'Outstanding Achievement Award' by Howard Dale, General Manager of Kawasaki Motors UK and Craig Watson, UK Sales Manager.
Howard and Craig flew to Ireland to hand over the award from Kawasaki Motors UK. As well as the award, Jonathan was presented with a specially commissioned oil painting too – showing a scene from the final race of Jonathan's triumphant 2016 WSBK campaign, under the floodlights of Qatar wearing his celebration design Arai helmet.
From this unique painting, 165 limited-edition prints have been created – none of which will be sold – however, customers who pre-register to attend Kawasaki's 2017 New Model launch night on Friday 24 February could be in with a chance of winning one. Each Kawasaki dealer will have one limited-edition print each to present. Simply visit to register for the event: www.getevencloser.co.uk. Each print is numbered and comes with a letter of authenticity.
The first round of the 2017 World Superbike Championship begins at Philip Island, Australia, on February 24-26.