text:
War & Terrorism
Criminals and Terrorists Can Fly Drones Too
Remote-controlled aircraft and robot technology can be used for bad just as easily as for good
By Marc Goodman @futurecrimesJan. 31, 2013
U.S. Department of Justice / REUTERS
A scale model of a U.S. Navy F-86 Sabre fighter plane, similar to a device constructed by Massachusetts resident Rezwan Ferdaus, 26, who was accused of plotting attacks on the U.S. Pentagon and Capitol by using a remote-controlled aircraft filled with plastic explosives. The pictured aircraft, from a photo released by the U.S. Justice Department, is not the device constructed by the defendant.
Americans know their government uses unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or drones, on military and intelligence missions from surveillance to assassination. But drones are no longer the sole domain of the military, and just as with many new technologies, they can easily fall into the wrong hands.
(MORE: Read TIME's cover story "The Rise of the Drones," by Lev Grossman)
Robotic machines — including drones, which are basically robots that fly — are already policing international borders, exploring deep-sea shipwrecks, repairing undersea cables and vacuuming living rooms. Robots fly, roll, swim and walk. Some carry guns and bombs. Others have superhuman strength, endurance and sensory perception. A future in which they commit crimes may yet seem like the realm of science fiction, but it is closer than you think. Criminal organizations are early adopters of technology, and some have already used UAVs and other forms of robotics to violate the law while reducing their risk of arrest and apprehension.
In Latin America, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) has been collaborating with narcocartels to create remote-controlled drug-smuggling submarines capable of transporting 1,800 kilos of cocaine more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km) without refueling. In 2011, an al-Qaeda affiliate named Rezwan Ferdaus planned to launch an attack on the Pentagon and Capitol buildings using a remote-controlled drone aircraft laden with explosives until the FBI intercepted the plot. And just last year, criminals piloted a $600 remote-controlled quadcopter over a Brazilian prison fence to deliver cell phones to the incarcerated, as was also done in a 2009 attempt involving a drone to deliver drugs to prisoners in the U.K. A 50-ft. (15 m) electric fence may keep criminals in, but won't keep a UAV drone out.
(MORE: Is Washington Overreacting to Zero Dark Thirty?)
Flying robots open up new opportunities for crime. Camera-equipped drones can and will be used for everything from the theft of industrial secrets to voyeurism by creepy neighborhood Peeping Toms. Some parents might use drones to follow their kids to school to ensure their safe arrival, but others will exploit the technology to stalk ex-husbands and ex-wives. Worse yet, hobbyists have been attaching guns to quadcopters for at least five years. What tragic damage might they unleash if so inclined?
Simply stated, our current security and defense mechanisms were meant to protect us from offending human criminals, not robotic ones. So how might we deal with this emerging treat? Some might suggest the answer lies in new laws, such as criminalizing possession of a UAV or possession of a drone with intent to harm. Personally, I do not believe that would resolve the problem. In a world where all things connected to the Internet are hackable, so too are drones. Thus criminals and terrorists needn't even own or buy a drone; they can merely hack and hijack somebody else's.
We've seen this before: in 2009, when Iraqi Shi'ite militants used a $26 piece of Russian software intended to steal satellite television to instead download real-time video feeds from American surveillance drones as they flew over Iraq. In effect, the insurgents turned U.S. drones into their own tool and benefited from the live video to both monitor and evade U.S. operations. More recently, in 2011, a computer virus infected the cockpits of America's Predator and Reaper drones, logging pilots' every keystroke as they remotely flew missions over Afghanistan and other war zones.
The point here is not to stifle innovation or ban commercial UAV technology, which will surely bring us great convenience, protect us and even deliver medicine to remote areas in times of crisis. Drones are nothing more than a new technology, as was fire, the original technology. Fire can warm us and cook our food, but it can also be used to burn down a village. The tool itself is thus not the problem; it is its use and application. Instead of banning fire — or, in this case, drones — we should proactively anticipate its misuse and defend against its dangers to preserve the forthcoming benefits.
(MORE: "Why We Shouldn't Fear Personal Drones," by Chris Anderson)
As of today, we do not have the systems in place to detect and intercept a planned drone attack or prevent fringe elements from using robots in the course of their criminal activities. Rather than waiting for significant harm to befall our society, we should begin planning our legal, public-policy and tactical responses now, before it is too late.
Marc Goodman @futurecrimes
Marc Goodman is a global security advisor and founder of the Future Crimes Institute. The views expressed are solely his own.


Hi, I am using KVM (keyboard mouse switch) that connected via usb.
When ever I leave change the keyboard to other pc and coming back to Ubuntu the keyboard is `forgetting` it state (i.e. the keyboard repeat speed is reset and the Num-Lock is off) until I go to System-Preferences->Keyboard do some random action (then undo) and then it remember it state.


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Science, Tech, Math › Animals & Nature
The 11 Longest-Lived Animals
Can you outlive a salamander? We'd like to see you try
Habitat Profiles
Bob Strauss
B.S., Cornell University
Bob Strauss is a science writer and the author of several books, including "The Big Book of What, How and Why" and "A Field Guide to the Dinosaurs of North America."
We humans like to pride ourselves on our long (and getting longer all the time) life spans, but the surprising fact is that, in terms of longevity, Homo sapiens have nothing on other members of the animal kingdom, including sharks, whales, and even salamanders and clams. In this article, discover the 11 longest-lived members of various animal families, in order of increasing life expectancy.
Longest-Lived Insect: The Queen Termite (50 Years)
Giancarlodessi/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain
One normally thinks of insects as living only a few days, or at most a few weeks, but if you're a particularly important bug all the rules go out the window. Whatever the species, a colony of termites is ruled by a king and queen; after being inseminated by the male, the queen slowly ramps up her production of eggs, starting with a mere couple of dozen and eventually attaining levels of close to 25,000 per day (of course, not all of these eggs mature, or else we'd all be knee-deep in termites!) Unmolested by predators, termite queens have been known to reach 50 years of age, and the kings (who spend pretty much their entire lives holed up in the nuptial chamber with their prolific mates) are comparably long-lived. As to those plain, ordinary, wood-eating termites who constitute the bulk of the colony, they only live for one or two years, max.
Longest-Lived Fish: The Koi (50 Years)
Arden/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 2.0
In the wild, fish rarely live for more than a few years and even a well-cared-for goldfish will be lucky to reach the decade mark. But few fish in the world are more tenderly indulged than koi, a variety of the domestic carp that populates the "koi ponds" popular in Japan and other parts of the world, including the U.S. Like their carp cousins, koi can withstand a wide variety of environmental conditions, though (especially considering their bright colors, which are constantly being tinkered with by humans) they're not especially well-equipped to defend themselves against predators. Some koi individuals have been reputed to live for over 200 years, but the most widely accepted estimate among scientists is 50 years, which is still a lot longer than your average fish-tank denizen.
Longest-Lived Bird: The Macaw (100 Years)
Mousse/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain
In many ways, macaws are unnervingly similar to suburban Americans of the 1950s: these colorful parrot relatives mate for life; the females incubate the eggs (and care for the young) while the males forage for food; and they have human-like life spans, surviving for up to 60 years in the wild and 100 years in captivity. Ironically, even though macaws have unusually long life spans, many species are endangered, a combination of their desirability as pets and the devastation of their rainforest habitats. The longevity of macaws, parrots, and other members of the Psittacidae family raises an interesting question: since birds evolved from dinosaurs, and since we know that many dinosaurs were as small and colorfully feathered, might some of the pint-sized representatives of this ancient reptile family have attained century-long lifespans?
Longest-Lived Amphibian: The Cave Salamander (100 Years)
Skimsta/Wikimedia Commons/CC0
If you were asked to identify an animal that regularly hits the century mark, the blind salamander, Proteus anguinus, would probably be close to last on your list: how can a fragile, eyeless, cave-dwelling, six-inch-long amphibian possibly survive in the wild for more than a couple of weeks? Naturalists attribute P. anguinus' longevity to its unusually sluggish metabolism—this salamander takes 15 years to mature, mates and lays its eggs only every 12 or so years, and barely even moves except when seeking out food (and it's not like it requires all that much food to begin with). What's more, the dank caves of southern Europe where this salamander lives are virtually devoid of predators, allowing P. anguinus to exceed 100 years in the wild. (For the record, the next longest-lived amphibian, the Japanese giant salamander, only rarely passes the half-century mark.)
Longest-Lived Primates: Human Beings (100 Years)
Trocaire/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 2.0
Human beings so regularly hit the century mark—there are about 500,000 100-year-olds in the world at any given time—that it's easy to lose sight of what an astonishing advance this represents. Tens of thousands of years ago, a lucky Homo sapiens would have been described as "elderly" if she lived into her twenties or thirties, and until the 18th century or so, average life expectancy rarely exceeded 50 years. (The main culprits were high infant mortality and susceptibility to fatal diseases; the fact is that at any stage of human history, if you somehow managed to survive your early childhood and teens, your odds of making it to 50, 60 or even 70 were much brighter.) To what can we attribute this stunning increase in longevity? Well, in a word, civilization—especially sanitation, medicine, nutrition, and cooperation (during the Ice Age, a human tribe might have left its elderly to starve in the cold; today, we make special efforts to care for our octogenarians and nonagenarians.)
Longest-Lived Mammal: The Bowhead Whale (200 Years)
Kate Stafford/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 2.0
As a general rule, larger mammals tend to have comparably longer life spans, but even by this standard, the bowhead whale is an outlier: adults of this hundred-ton cetacean regularly exceed the 200-year mark.
Recently, an analysis of the Balaena mysticetus genome shed some light on this mystery: it turns out that the bowhead whale possesses unique genes that aid in DNA repair and resistance to mutations (and therefore cancer). Since B. mysticetus lives in Arctic and sub-Arctic waters, its relatively sluggish metabolism may also have something to do with its longevity. Today, there are about 25,000 bowhead whales living in the northern hemisphere, a healthy rebound in population since 1966, when serious international efforts were made to deter whalers.
Longest-Lived Reptile: The Giant Tortoise (300 Years)
Matthew Field/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 3.0
The giant tortoises of the Galapagos Islands and the Seychelles are classic examples of "insular gigantism"—the tendency of animals confined to island habitats, unmolested by predators, to grow to unusually large sizes. And these turtles have lifespans that perfectly match their 500- to 1,000-pound weights: giant tortoises in captivity have been known to live longer than 200 years, and there's every reason to believe that testudines in the wild regularly hit the 300-year mark. As with some of the other animals on this list, the reasons for the giant tortoise's longevity are self-evident: these reptiles move extremely slowly, their basal metabolisms are set at an extremely low level, and their life stages tend to be comparably stretched out (for example, the Aldabra giant tortoise takes 30 years to attain sexual maturity, about double the time of a human being).
Longest-Lived Shark: The Greenland Shark (400 Years)
NOAA Okeanos Explorer Program/Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain
If there were any justice in the world, the Greenland shark (Squalus microcephalus) would be every bit as well-known as the great white: it's just as big (some adults exceed 2,000 pounds) and much more exotic, given its northern Arctic habitat. You can even make the case that the Greenland shark is just as dangerous as the star of Jaws, but in a different way: whereas a hungry great white shark will bite you in half, the flesh of S. microcephalus is loaded with trimethylamine N-oxide, a chemical that makes its meat poisonous to humans. All that said, though, the most notable thing about the Greenland shark is its 400-year lifespan, which can be attributed to its sub-freezing environment, its relatively low metabolism, and the protection afforded by the methylated compounds in its muscles. Astonishingly, this shark doesn't even reach sexual maturity until it's well past the 100-year mark, a stage when most other vertebrates are not only sexually inactive but long since dead.
Longest-Lived Mollusk: The Ocean Quahog (500 Years)
Hanshillewaert/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 4.0
A 500-year-old mollusk sounds like the setup for a joke: given that most clams are virtually immobile, how can you tell if the one you're holding is living or dead? There are, however, scientists who investigate this kind of thing for a living, and they have determined that the ocean quahog, Arctica islandica, can literally survive for centuries, as demonstrated by one individual that passed the 500-year mark (you can determine the age of a mollusk by counting the growth rings in its shell).
Ironically, the ocean quahog is also a popular food in some parts of the world, meaning that most individuals never get to celebrate their quincentennials. Biologists have yet to figure out why A. islandica is so long-lived; one clue may be its relatively stable antioxidant levels, which prevent the cell damage responsible for most signs of aging in animals.
Longest-Lived Microscopic Organisms: Endoliths (10,000 Years)
Guillaume Dargaud/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 2.5
Determining the lifespan of a microscopic organism is a tricky matter: in a sense, all bacteria are immortal, since they propagate their genetic information by constantly dividing (rather than, like most higher animals, having sex and dropping dead).
The term "endoliths" refers to bacteria, fungi, amoebas or algae that live deep underground in the clefts of rocks. Studies have shown that the individuals of some of these colonies only undergo cell division once every hundred years, endowing them with lifespans in the 10,000-year range. Technically, this is different from the ability of some microorganisms to revive from stasis or deep-freeze after tens of thousands of years; in a meaningful sense, these endoliths are continuously "alive," albeit not very active. Perhaps most importantly, endoliths are autotrophic, meaning that they fuel their metabolism not with oxygen or sunlight, but with inorganic chemicals, which are virtually inexhaustible in their underground habitats.
Longest-Lived Invertebrate: Turritopsis dohrnii (Potentially Immortal)
Bachware/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 4.0
There's no really good way to determine how old your average jellyfish is; these invertebrates are so fragile that they don't lend themselves well to intensive analysis in laboratories. However, no list of the longest-lived animals would be complete without a mention of Turritopsis dohrnii, a jellyfish that has the ability to revert back to its juvenile polyp stage after reaching sexual maturity, thus making it potentially immortal. However, it's pretty much inconceivable that any T. dohrnii individual has literally managed to survive for millions of years; just because you're biologically "immortal" doesn't mean you can't be eaten by other animals or succumb to drastic changes in your environment. Ironically, too, it's nearly impossible to cultivate T. dohrnii in captivity, a feat that so far has been accomplished by only a single scientist working in Japan.
Strauss, Bob. "The 11 Longest-Lived Animals." ThoughtCo, Feb. 16, 2021, thoughtco.com/longest-lived-animals-4142001. Strauss, Bob. (2021, February 16). The 11 Longest-Lived Animals. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/longest-lived-animals-4142001 Strauss, Bob. "The 11 Longest-Lived Animals." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/longest-lived-animals-4142001 (accessed February 9, 2023).
Greenland Shark Facts (Somniosus microcephalus)
How Long Did Dinosaurs Live?
Tarantulas Rarely Bite (And Other Facts About the Friendly Spiders)
Facts About the Bowhead Whale
How Long Do Sea Turtles Live?
Slowest Animals on the Planet
Nile Crocodile Facts
10 Facts About Turtles and Tortoises
The 10 Weirdest Animal Facts
Facts About Narwhals, the Unicorns of the Sea
Pangolin Facts
Alligator Snapping Turtle Facts
Black-Footed Ferret Facts
Moon Jellyfish Facts
Pilot Whale Facts (Globicephala)
Giant Pacific Octopus Facts

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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As deadline approaches Turkey fails to provide information on Öcalan case to CoE
Despite the approaching deadline given to Turkey by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe concerning the case of the PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan, Ankara is yet to provide any information on the process. Abdullah Öcalan in the meantime, is still being kept in conditions of isolation.
8:30 am 28/07/2022
The deadline given to Turkey by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe (CoE) in relation to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) rulings on aggravated life sentences of certain political prisoners, including Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) leader Abdullah Öcalan, is nearing, but Ankara is yet to provide any information on the issue.
The CoE in December of last year requested that Turkey implement measures in the case of Öcalan and others to eliminate prisoner rights violations and demanded Ankara submit a progress report by September of this year.
Despite the international body's deadline approaching, Turkey has refrained from taking the necessary steps on the issue and rather has imposed further disciplinary punishment on Öcalan in various instances, in addition to continuing to keep him in isolation in İmralı Prison, Mezopotamya Agency reported.
The process began when Öcalan's lawyers took their client's case to the ECHR in 2003 on the grounds that the aggravated life sentence given to him violated Article 3 which bans torture and mistreatment. The court on 18 March 2014 ruled in favour of a rights violation claim since he wasn't provided with the right to conditional release. The ruling dubbed "Öcalan 2" was also issued for prisoners Hayati Kaytan, Emin Gurban and Civan Boltan in the following process.
Speaking to Medya News concerning the process, Öcalan's lawyer İbrahim Bilmez said that under normal circumstances, the country that the ECHR ruled against in such a case should have implemented legal changes.
"The court basically said, 'You can't keep a person behind bars without the hope of release. If you imprison someone in that manner, the way that this sentence is implemented includes torture and mistreatment,'" Bilmez said, adding that Turkey failed to make the necessary changes and the CoE didn't take action on its own.
Following years of inaction on the issue, various rights groups and Öcalan's lawyers asked the CoE's Committee of Ministers to bring it on to their agenda. The Committee, ahead of its meeting in November of last year, asked Turkey to provide information on the cases and Turkey claimed that there hadn't been any rights violations in İmralı since 2009.
The Committee, however, then asked Turkey to provide a progress report on the right to parole by September of this year. It also asked Ankara to share information about the number of prisoners serving aggravated life sentences.
According to Bilmez, Turkey tried to stall the process and the aggravated life sentence ruled against by the ECHR has been handed to thousands of prisoners.
With the deadline approaching, no progress seems to be in sight. No information on Öcalan has been obtained for the past 16 months since he is being kept in total isolation. A total of 271 applications, including 70 from his family and 201 from his lawyers, were made to meet him since 25 March 2021, but all to no avail.
One of the aforementioned applications to urgently meet with him was made on 22 Nov. 2021 by his lawyers, which resulted in the lawyers finding out that a six-month lawyer meeting ban had been imposed on Öcalan on Oct. 12 of the same year. He was also banned from seeing his family for three months, according to another decision dated 18 August.
After the ban on meeting with his lawyers was lifted on 22 April, the lawyers, on 29 April once again formally requested to meet Öcalan. The authorities then told the lawyers that yet another six-month ban was imposed on 13 April. Bans on family meetings followed a similar process, with authorities citing "disciplinary action" in a response to an application on 8 June.
Lawyers from the Asrın Law Office, which represents Öcalan, then took the bans to the Constitutional Court, while 775 lawyers registered with 29 bar associations and filed applications between 10 June and 17 to meet with the PKK leader. They are yet to receive a response.
Bilmez called on Turkey to act in line with international law.
"The aggravated life sentence is torture. We expect Turkey to do what's necessary," Bilmez said, while also criticising the silence of the public in the face of Öcalan's case.


Today we'll talk about vst plugins, DAWs and vst instruments. These are really critical to our productions and it's the technology used by every famous producer of almost every genre out there.
It's also known as Recording Program, Recording Software or Mixing Software. It is the program of your personal preference to record and mix music like Cubase, Pro Tools and Ableton to name a few.
Cubase is mostly used by European producers while Pro Tools is the No1 choice in the United States. Some other DAWs for you to consider are: Reaper, Logic Pro and FL Studio.
Reaper is a newer program in this field comparing to cubase and pro tools but it has frequent updates and promises a lot.
Many people switched to Reaper so I will create some videos for Reaper too.
DAWs work with VSTs. They are not standalone programs which means that they cannot be opened without using a DAW. In order to use VSTs you need a daw that supports them like Cubase.
VSTs are the necessary programs that help you mix. Programs like Equalizers, Compressors, Reverbs & Delays, Choruses and Limiters… every single processor and effect you are going to use is with one word… VST!
Pro Tools support RTAS instead of VST but it's the exact same thing, except the name. Finally, the Pro Tools company offers a more expensive version of RTAS known as TDM which they claim to have a better sound resolution that RTAS.
While you can hear an insignificant difference between these 2, I mostly believe that this is just marketing, so that the company can earn more money.
I've mixed the exact same tracks using VST, RTAS and TDM and the difference was really hard to notice. There are more important things that you should take care of for a great sound, rather than worrying about VST or RTAS.
VST instruments are similar to vst plugins with the difference that these are not processors or effects. The little i next to VST stands for the word instrument.
Kontakt libraries and instrument libraries from a huge range of companies run in the VSTi format, which uses the VST technology to create an instrument – pianos, drums, violins, anything you can think of – instead of a mixing processor like compressors and EQs.
I hope you now understand the differences between VST, VSTi and DAW. Expect more articles from me for this subject! Take care!
Please share some love for: What DAW and VST Instruments Stand For in Music Production.


We're changing the way Boston sweats. With 'pay-as-you-go' classes and no membership or initiation fees, we make feeling great more convenient for both men and women regardless of your age, fitness background or position in life. Our classes are intense but attainable. Our studios balance luxury and function to provide an experience that is unrivaled. From the playlists we curate to the apparel we design, B/SPOKE is more than just fitness. It's about making lifestyle decisions easier for you to feel better.


Kindness, gentleness, and believing each other has only the other's best interest at heart has been lost between us. I don't know how to recover it. It seems blame, defensiveness, and a deep anger has taken its place. I no longer know where to find solace. ...or the starting place for our love.
Thank God, this (thing of ours) is not that. And, you are not him.


What Should You Know About Deep Draw Hydroforming?
Deep draw hydroforming is constantly in competition with other types of hydroforming processes that are able to create the same products or similar products. However, deep draw hydroforming has multiple differences that set it apart from the other processes.
We understand the choices are not always easy to make, but there are many hydrofroming professionals and experts are available to provide information for anyone who has been thinking about the deep draw hydroforming method. With so much information being shared, there is always a chance that false information will be shared.
This is not true. This hydroforming method is not just used for simple parts. This method can be used for a variety of complex parts, regardless of how complex the parts may be. There are various types of machines and presses that have the ability to form even the most complex shapes.
This is false. The method is a process that is continuous. This means that this method will be one of the most cost-effective and cost-efficient methods that are made available to you. When you use the deep draw hydroforming process, you will see that the costs will actually decrease as the number of parts increases.
This is one of the common misconceptions about this type of hydroforming, but it is not true. The process will not cause the materials to stretch, nor will it cause any damages to the part. The deep draw hydroforming forces will actually improve the overall strength of the material. The materials will be formed into a specific shape as they are placed under pressure.
We know there are several other myths and misconceptions floating around out there, but these are three of the well-known misconceptions about the deep draw hydroforming process. If you want to put these misconceptions behind you and learn more about the hydroforming process, please do not hesitate to contact us today.


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New BBC guidelines to restrict 'derogatory' remarks
The BBC's Editorial Guidelines are reviewed routinely every five years
Restrictions on the use of "humiliating and derogatory remarks" are included in updated BBC guidelines on offence, impartiality and other matters.
The new editorial guidelines come after complaints involving British swimmer Rebecca Adlington, and presenter Claire Balding's comments on a jockey's teeth.
Rules to stop the over-promotion of new films or albums will also be imposed.
They follow criticisms of the BBC's coverage of U2's last album release and the sixth Harry Potter film in 2009.
The requirements for "due impartiality" across controversial subjects have been extended to include religion and science, where they used to be defined only in terms of public policy or industrial controversy.
There is also a requirement to avoid misleading audiences through programme editing or commentary, or through competitions which are not genuine.
"We recognise the need for the BBC to be original, surprising and sometimes edgy," said Sir Michael Lyons, chairman of the BBC Trust.
"At the same time it must be fair, accurate, impartial and avoid giving broad offence.
"The need to get that right lies at the heart of these editorial guidelines," he continued,
"It's always been clear that the public expects the very highest standards from the BBC, and the editorial guidelines are a vital tool in achieving that."
Had the new requirements aimed at protecting living people from "unduly humiliating remarks" for the purposes of entertainment been in place in 2008, it is likely that an edition of satirical game show Mock The Week would have fallen foul of them.
On the programme in question, comedian Frankie Boyle made comments about Rebecca Adlington's appearance that were subsequently ruled to be unjustified by the BBC Trust.
Clare Balding faced similar criticism after making reference to the teeth of jockey Liam Treadwell after he won the Grand National last year.
The BBC sports presenter subsequently apologised for her on-air remarks.
Another new requirement will take account of "the cumulative effect of repeated mentions of brands or products".
U2 played live on top of Broadcasting House in London as part of the BBC's coverage
It is understood it was partly prompted by concerns raised over the BBC's extensive coverage of the launch of U2 album No Line On The Horizon in February 2009.
A "Harry Potter day" on Radio 1, which coincided with the release date of the franchise's sixth instalment, was also ruled to have given the film undue prominence.
Licence fee payers were asked for their views ahead of the formulation of the updated guidelines.
The Trust received more than 1,600 responses from individuals and organisations as they were being drafted.
Alison Hastings, chairwoman of the BBC Trust's Editorial Standards Committee, insisted the guidelines were "not about replacing sound editorial judgement with a set of rules".
Instead, she said, "they give programme-makers certainty to enable them to take creative risks."
The new rules take effect from midnight on Monday, 18 October.
Public to have say on BBC policy
Potter day 'breached guidelines'
'Mock' rapped over swimmer jibes
BBC: U2 coverage was 'too much'
Presenter sorry over teeth jibe
BBC - Editorial Guidelines


We would LOVE you to contact us! So please give us a call, drop us an email, post us a letter, or send us a carrier pigeon!
Jing is beautifully situated in the North Laine of Sunny Brighton's town centre. This is a very convenient 5-10 minute walk from the train and bus station. Free parking zones in central Brighton has been changed – for park and ride car parks please see diagram below. Great parking spots can also be found at Just Park!


text:
Q: Como exibir/ocultar campos de acordo com seleção? Segue o código:

function exibir_ocultar(val){
    var cpf = document.getElementById('cpf');
    var nome = document.getElementById('nome');
    var cnpj = document.getElementById('cnpj');
    var razao = document.getElementById('razao');

        if(val == 'pessoa_fisica'){}
            $(cnpj).hide();
            $(razao).hide();
            $(cpf).show();
            $(nome).show();
        }
        else{
            $(cnpj).show();
            $(razao).show();
            $(cpf).hide();
            $(nome).hide();
        }
};
<select id="tipo_pessoa" onchange="exibir_ocultar(this)">
    <option value="pessoa_fisica">PF</option>
    <option value="pesso_juridica">PJ</option>
</select>

CNPJ:
<input type="number">

Razão Social:
<input type="text">

CPF:
<input type="number">

Nome:
<input type="text">

A: function exibir_ocultar(){
    var valor = $("#tipo_pessoa").val();

    if(valor == 'pessoa_fisica'){
         $("#cnpj").hide();
         $("#razao").hide();
         $("#cpf").show();
         $("#nome").show();
     } else {
         $("#cnpj").show();
         $("#razao").show();
         $("#cpf").hide();
         $("#nome").hide();
     }
};

No select você remove o this na chamada do método.

A: Você pode obter o valor selecionado do select através do atributo value:

function exibir_ocultar(val) {
  if(val.value == 'pessoa_fisica') {
    document.getElementById('cnpj').style.display = 'none';
    document.getElementById('razao').style.display = 'none';
    document.getElementById('cpf').style.display = 'block';
    document.getElementById('nome').style.display = 'block';
  }
  else {
    document.getElementById('cnpj').style.display = 'block';
    document.getElementById('razao').style.display = 'block';
    document.getElementById('cpf').style.display = 'none';
    document.getElementById('nome').style.display = 'none';
  }
};
<select id="tipo_pessoa" onchange="exibir_ocultar(this)">
    <option value="pessoa_fisica">PF</option>
    <option value="pesso_juridica">PJ</option>
</select>

CNPJ:
<input type="number">

Razão Social:
<input type="text">

CPF:
<input type="number">

Nome:
<input type="text">

Uma outra opção que não é necessário passar o this para a função:
function exibir_ocultar() {
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Ronald Safdieh is the Chief, Guide and President of Lakewood, NJ based widely recognized elite standard education institute Dameron Fine Art that teaches young kids having a Jewish background on the subjects that focus on their traditionally rich Sephardic heritage and customs. Based in New Jersey, the institute considered as the best in its category and offers across-the-board study courses that are designed covering almost every subject and facts of Jewish life.
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Being one of the top distinguished authoritative representatives on Judaic faith, his capacity has enabled Ronald Safdieh to design his school's study curriculum. With his immense wisdom and understanding in the area, he has so brilliantly structured its programs that not only exemplify the excellence of Judaic culture and education as a whole but uncovers his mastery in Torah and Judaic learning as well. All the curriculum episodes designed by him blend profoundness of cultural understanding, human ideals aside from academic efficacy.
Unlike several local Jewish community schools, at Dameron Fine Arts, New Jersey, it's Ronald who has played his role rather uniquely with a view to develop the established philosophical values of Torah Study to know about Jewish with insight. No wonder, supported by his prolonged study and tiring efforts made for the school's progression has been proved successful with its rate of growth and increasing popularity.
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text:
Armenia Nullifies Turkey-Armenia Protocols
by Asbarez Staff
in Armenia, Artsakh, Featured Story, Latest, News, Top Stories
Armenia's Foreign Minister Eduard Nalbandian and then Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu sign the protocols in Switzerland on Oct. 10, 2010
YEREVAN—The Turkey-Armenia Protocols were officially declared null and void by Armenia on Thursday when President Serzh Sarkisian convened a meeting of the National Security Council and instructed Foreign Minister Edward Nalbandian to officially convey the decision to Ankara.
"I ask the Minister of Foreign Affairs to notify the Turkish side of our decision. After that, the Republic of Armenia will no longer have any legal obligation arising from the signing of those protocols," said Sarkisian, noting that with a letter stating Armenia's position on this issue he had notified all parties present at the signing ceremony, in particular, the Presidents of Russia, France, the United States and Switzerland, as well as the President of the Council of the European Union and the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, "expressing profound gratitude to them and all those international organizations that have supported us in this initiative."
There was no immediate reaction from Turkey.
Sarkisian announced his intentions to nullify the Protocols when he addressed the United Nations General Assembly in September, saying "Armenia will declare those two Protocols null and void since they continuously lacked any positive progress toward their implementation. We will enter the spring of 2018 without those, as our experience has demonstrated, futile Protocols."
"The leadership of Turkey is mistaken if they think that those documents can be held hostage forever and ratified only at the most opportune occasion from their very point of view," added Sarkisian during the September UN General Assembly session.
"Armenia played checkers. Turkey played chess," said Aram Hamparian, the executive director of the Armenian National Committee of America, which at the time of the Protocols process was an outspoken opponent of the process warning of the negative impact of the document on Armenia and entire Armenian Cause.
"Yerevan pursued these reckless pro-Turkey accords over the common sense objections of the ANCA and nearly every civil society voice across the Armenian homeland and diaspora. We issued countless warnings, held endless meetings and even organized protests, setting forth clear evidence and compelling arguments against this one-sided deal. Turns out, we were right on every count. Lessons learned, the hard way," added Hamparian.
President Serzh Sarkisian during a National Security Council meeting Thursday when he announced the official nullification of the Protocols
"I want to highlight two important things. The first is that to my strong belief the path we passed was very useful. When we started the negotiation process, we naturally predicted two outcomes – positive or negative. And we came to the conclusion that we are winners in both cases. The successful completion of the process stemmed from the two peoples' interests, while the failure might convince the international community that the reason behind the lack of relations should be sought elsewhere, at least not in Armenia's working style. And I think that we have secured it completely," said Sarkisian, according to a statement from the presidential press service.
Sarkisian left the door open, however, for other efforts to normalize ties between the two countries, saying that "if we get proposals tomorrow, or the next day, we will be ready to discuss them, but before that we will try to develop as we were developing until now without having diplomatic relations with Turkey."
"I am not sure that a new set of protocols will be prepared, but if in the future something like that happens the Republic of Armenia should be guided by its national interests. We have a demand for Armenian Genocide recognition and reparations from Turkey, and we also have the pan-Armenian declaration of 2015," said Gaspar Karapetyan, president of the European European Armenian Federation for Justice and Democracy, referring to a document signed ahead of the Armenian Genocide centennial.
"Up to this day, the absence of any step towards the ratification of the Protocols from the Turkish side, continuous attempts to link the ratification of the protocols with preconditions, provocative statements against Armenia and Armenians voiced by Ankara vividly attest that Turkey is not ready to ratify and implement the Protocols," said Foreign Minister Nalbandian in a presentation to the NSC, following which Sarkisian instructed him of the final decision.
"Armenia has always been consistent in its stance on the implementation of those protocols. Unfortunately, the further developments demonstrated once again that Ankara is not ready for the normalization and that the vocal statements of the Turkish side on the readiness to, so called, historical reconciliation have nothing to do with the reality. Even on the day of protocols' signing the Turkish side again tried to voice the preconditions it had been using before the launch of the process. For this reason the signing ceremony was delayed for couple of hours. The high level representatives of the international community attending the ceremony, both at that time and later, stated that the protocols should be ratified within the reasonable timeframe and implemented without preconditions," added Nalbandian.
"However, following the signing of the Zurich protocols, Turkey returned to the language of preconditions which not only had nothing to do with the letter and spirit of the protocols, but was contradicting to those. Turkey conditioned the ratification of the protocols to the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict according to the maximalist and groundless approaches of the Azerbaijani side and openly welcomed the provocative statements and actions of Azerbaijan against Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh," explained Nalbandian.
"Not only Armenia, but the countries and international organizations that supported the process stated that the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh issue cannot be linked to the process of normalization of the Armenian-Turkish relations. Such attempts can harm both processes," said Nalbandian.
Asbarez Staff
The Protocols Were Wrong to Begin With
State of Emergency says:
It's laughable to believe that Turkey on its own recognizance will ever sit down and negotiate in good faith with infidels.
AR says:
FINALLY!!!
Armine says:
Masis says:
Luck was more effective than our leaders. Those protocols were heinous and destructive. At their worst, Turkey would trick, bribe, or threaten historians to deny the Genocide, leaving our open wounds untreated. Western Armenia would be a figment of our imagination. At their best, they would encourage money hungry opportunists from Armenia to go join the harems in Turkey.
Our leaders' passive stance during the negotiations was shocking. Frankly, I didn't vote for Clinton because she was shoving these protocols into our throat.
Nullifying them now is quite funny. 8 years after Turkey has walked away, we are walking away. How about amending the Nvarsak Treaty of 484 AD?
A.Napetian says:
All Turky's efforts in approaching Armenia was for connecting Turkey to Azerbaijan and expanding it eastward on other Turkic countries for creation of a Pan-Turkic Empire, an old dream Erdogan still dreams to recreate which fortunately has failed because of Azerbaijan's hopes of materializing it later on after winning back the territories lost in Nagorno-Karabak. Fortunately the satanic plan is not materialized yet thanks to heroism of Karabakians.
Cem says:
Erdogan and Davutoglu didn't care even a bit about the normalisation of relations between Turkey and Armenia. All this 'football diplomacy' and the protocols were just a way of milking funds, acceptance and sympathy from the West. And, also from liberals in Turkey. Sadly, many people, both in the West and in Turkey, were fooled and tricked, and AKP (mainly Erdogan of course) achieved its objective. I am sure you remember the times when even Western and Turkish intellectuals were praising Erdogan/AKP ! It makes me sick to remember those times.
Since several years ago, Erdogan has been consolidating his power and control more and more. Now, Turkey has become a 'one-man-rule' country.
Hujs says:
Dear Compatriots We are expecting One day you are going to say alliances with corrupt and talanchi regime was wrong
Raffi says:
Hillary, burn in hell.
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A new study shows that when it comes to prospecting, that old standby, email, beats out social media. Just make sure your website can travel.
A study by management consulting firm McKinsey & Company, featured in a recent article in Entrepreneur magazine, found that email is a significantly more effective way to acquire customers than social media. In fact, email is nearly 40 times more effective than Facebook and Twitter combined.
I'm not surprised by this. Social media has been much more useful for exposure and as a way to convert referrals but not necessarily as a source of new (qualified) leads. It turns out social media is not the first place people turn in their search for financial advisors.
The McKinsey study states that email is just one part of a series of interactions leading up to a sale. Your email should lead your prospect to a customized landing page featuring the offer presented in the email. Here's an interesting statistic: A good landing page can increase conversion rates by more than 25 percent! Use your landing page to encourage people to attend your seminar, watch a webinar, download a free report or schedule a retirement analysis.
The study also shows the importance of mobile-device marketing. Today, nearly 45 percent of all marketing emails are read on a mobile device. This is a very big deal, because Google says 61 percent of mobile-device users are unlikely to return to a mobile site they have trouble accessing. Even worse, 40 percent will visit a competitor's site instead. So make sure your website is optimized for mobile devices.
Don't get me wrong: Social media is still an effective way to market your firm, and it continues to serve as a great way to generate exposure and convert referrals. But if you're looking for new clients, social media may not be the best tool available to you.


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This Handbook is an informative and comprehensive guide for both those who are relatively new to the field and for those wishing to extend their knowledge to the frontier. We have no references for this item. Related works: Book: 2003 This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: for items with the same title. Users of the textbook will find the manual a necessary adjunct to the book. The numerous end-of-chapter exercises are an important component of the book, encouraging the student to use and extend the analytic methods presented in the book.
The text has been fully updated with new material on dynamic panel data models and recent results on non-linear panel models and in particular work on limited dependent variables panel data models. Users of the textbook will find the manual a necessary adjunct to the book. Taking a 'learning by doing' approach, it covers basic econometric methods statistics, simple and multiple regression, nonlinear regression, maximum likelihood, and generalized method of moments , and addresses the creative process of model building with due attention to diagnostic testing and model improvement. They also emphasize the properties of nonparametric estimators in the presence of potentially irrelevant variables. Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product text may not be available in the ebook version. The numerous end-of-chapter exercises are an important component of the book, encouraging the student to use and extend the analytic methods presented in the book.
This manual contains advice for answers to odd-numbered problems, new examples, and supplementary materials designed by the author, which work together to enhance the benefits of the text. It includes basic topics like non-stationary panels, co-integration in panels, multifactor panel models, panel unit roots, measurement error in panels, incidental parameters and dynamic panels, spatial panels, nonparametric panel data, random coefficients, treatment effects, sample selection, count panel data, limited dependent variable panel models, unbalanced panel models with interactive effects and influential observations in panel data. You are free to copy, distribute and use the database; to produce works from the database; to modify, transform and build upon the database. These programs will be made available via an accompanying website which will also contain solutions to end of chapter exercises that will appear in the book. The numerous end-of-chapter exercises are an important component of the book, encouraging the student to use and extend the analytic methods presented in the book. Contributors to the Handbook explore applications of panel data to a wide range of topics in economics, including health, labor, marketing, trade, productivity, and macro applications in panels. This is the essential companion to the second edition of Jeffrey Wooldridge's widely used graduate econometrics text.
This manual contains advice for answering selected problems, new examples, and supplementary materials designed by the author, which work together to enhance the benefits of the text. The E-mail message field is required. The use of data sets for estimation derived with the Monte Carlo method helps facilitate the understanding of the role of hypothesis testing applied to economic models. A fellow of the Econometric Society and of the Journal of Econometrics, Dr. This manual contains answers to selected problems, new examples, and supplementary materials designed by the author. Already established as a leading graduate econometrics text, the book offers an intuitive yet rigorous treatment of two methods used in econometric research, cross section and panel data techniques. This manual contains answers to selected problems, new examples, and supplementary materials designed by the author.
Topics covered in the book are: consumer behavior, producer behavior, market equilibrium, macroeconomic models, qualitative-response models, panel data analysis and time-series analysis. The book is full of useful insights, applications, and worked problems. This manual contains advice for answering selected problems, new examples, and supplementary materials designed by the author, which work together to enhance the benefits of the text. There is also website providing supplementary material for lecturers. The text provides an intuitive but rigorous treatment of two state-of-the-art methods used in contemporary microeconomic research.
The text provides an intuitive but rigorous treatment of two state-of-the-art methods used in contemporary microeconomic research. Corrections All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. The numerous end-of-chapter exercises are an important component of the book, encouraging the student to use and extend the an This is the essential companion to the second edition of Jeffrey Wooldridge's widely used graduate econometrics text. The text provides an intuitive but rigorous treatment of two state-of-the-art methods used in contemporary microeconomic research. Perform a for a similarly titled item that would be available.
Wooldridge is a University Distinguished Professor of Economics at Michigan State University, where he has taught since 1991. . The treatment on methods of estimation in econometrics and the discipline of hypothesis testing makes it a must-have for graduate students of economics and econometrics and aids their understanding on how to estimate economic models and evaluate the results in terms of policy implications. What accounts for this drastic turnabout? This allows to link your profile to this item. The conventional nonparametric approach to dealing with the presence of discrete variables is acknowledged to be unsatisfactory. Particular emphasis is put on spatial data compilation and the structuring of the connections between the observations. Contributors to the Handbook explore applications of panel data to a wide range of topics in economics, including health, labor, marketing, trade, productivity, and macro applications in panels.
We support a variety of open access funding models for select books, including monographs, trade books, and textbooks. Aside from the editors, the contributors are Omar Bello, Adriana Bermúdez, Matías Braun, Javier Corrales, Jonathan Di John, Rafael Di Tella, Javier Donna, Samuel Freije, Dan Levy, Robert MacCulloch, Osmel Manzano, Francisco Monaldi, María Antonia Moreno, Daniel Ortega, Michael Penfold, José Pineda, Lant Pritchett, Cameron A. The use of the standard software packages in the field i. This is the essential companion to the second edition of Jeffrey Wooldridge's widely used graduate econometrics text. Solutions Manual and Supplementary Material for Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, Second Edition. It uncovers the missing link between textbooks on economic theory and econometrics and highlights the powerful connection between economic theory and empirical analysis perfectly through examples on rigorous experimental design.
Solutions Manual and Supplementary Materials for Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data, vol 1 in from Abstract: This is the essential companion to the second edition of Jeffrey Wooldridge's widely used graduate econometrics text. Professor Baltagi has successfully recruited an all-star cast of experts for each of the well-chosen topics in the Handbook. This manual contains answers to selected problems, new examples, and supplementary materials designed by the author. Users of the textbook will find the manual a necessary adjunct to the book. · Real-world text examples and practical exercise questions stimulate active learning and show how econometrics can solve practical questions in modern business and economic management. You can help correct errors and omissions. Check below whether another version of this item is available online.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Kristin Waites. The text provides an intuitive but rigorous treatment of two state-of-the-art methods used in contemporary microeconomic research. The numerous end-of-chapter problems are an important component of the book, encouraging the student to use the analytical tools presented in the text. This book is a popularized reference for students looking to work with spatialized data, but who do not have the advanced statistical theoretical basics. Users of the textbook will find the manual a necessary adjunct to the book. This manual contains answers to selected problems, new examples, and supplementary materials designed by the author. The text provides an intuitive but rigorous treatment of two state-of-the-art methods used in contemporary microeconomic research.


text:
[Letter] 1823 March 2, Washington [D.C.], [to] Benjamin Abbot, Esqr., Exeter N.H. / John Quincy Adams.
Title [Letter] 1823 March 2, Washington [D.C.], [to] Benjamin Abbot, Esqr., Exeter N.H. / John Quincy Adams.
Personal Author Adams, John Quincy, 1767-1848.
Date 1823 March 2.
Dimensions 24 x 38 cm. folded to 24 x 19 cm.
General Note See also Adams' official White House biography (http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/ja6.html) and a guide to research collections of his papers (http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=A000041). See also a letter in the collection from his father, John Adams. Visit the official Exeter Academy website for a more detailed history of the school (http://www.exeter.edu/).
Abstract Adams writes to the Exeter school of which Abbot was Principal (1788-1838) regarding the acceptance of his "young relative" Thomas Johnson Hellen. He states that Mr. Plumer will bring Thomas to the school and oversee his bills. Adams is particular about the matter of clothing allowance and specifies amounts for washing and mending expenses. As Adams plans to send Thomas on to Cambridge, he requests aid in ascertaining "his proficiency hitherto, and how long it will yet take to prepare him for the university." At the time this letter was written, Adams was serving as Secretary of State under President Monroe (1817-1825); he was elected the sixth President of the United States and served 1825-1829, after which he served in the House of Representatives (1831-1848). Before assuming these duties, Adams was appointed to diplomatic roles, as minister to the Netherlands, Russia, England, and Prussia; he also served as a Senator (1803-1808).
Personal Subject Adams, John Quincy, 1767-1848 -- Correspondence. ; Abbot, Benjamin, 1762-1849-- Correspondence; Hellen, Thomas John.
Subject Phillips Exeter Academy; Education.
Recipient Abbot, Benjamin, 1762-1849.
[Letter] 1823 March 2, Washington [D.C.], [to] Benjamin...


This eco-friendly lodge, which nestles along the banks of the Kinabatangan River, offers comfort without compromising the green. A haven for the outdoor enthusiast, it's the ideal lodging for exploring the melting pot of wildlife in the region.
In standard rooms with air-conditioning, shower and terrace.
2½ hours from Sandakan airport.


If you are a homeowner you may be able to borrow against the equity in your home and then use the money to buy investments. The equity in your home is used as security for the loan, not the investments. You may find this less daunting and interest rates are usually lower than for a margin loan.


A remarkably complete mid-Victorian house of Italianate style, set in restored ornamental gardens, Brodsworth Hall was given to English Heritage in 1990. The house tells the story of one family's changing needs and tastes from the 1860s to the 1980s. Conserved rather than restored, the faded interior schemes provide a backdrop to the family's collections of 18th and 19th century European paintings, 18th-century furniture and Italian marble sculpture as well as the personal possessions of successive generations of the Thellusson and Grant-Dalton families.
At Brodsworth, an exhibition, trail and community engagement programme explored the roles and experiences of the Thellusson and Grant-Dalton families, their staff and tenants during both World Wars. Drawing extensively on estate records, photographs and oral accounts, the exhibition looked at the impact of war on the family and the estate community as they met the challenges of a much-depleted male population during the First World War and a steady stream of new occupants, military personnel, evacuees and POWs, during the Second World War.


American banner and literary and temperance journal. (Union-town, Pa.) 1832-1???
Belle Vernon enterprise. (Belle Vernon, Pa.) 1886-1???
The Bridgeport monitor. (Bridgeport, Pa.) 1894-190?
The comet. (Perryopolis [Pa.]) 1817-18??
Connellsville daily news. (Connellsville, Pa.) 1898-193?
Democrat and review. (Uniontown, Pa.) 18??-18??
Democratic sentinel. (Connellsville, Pa.) 185?-18??
Extra allowance. (Uniontown, Pa.) 18??-18??
Fayette monitor and Youghioghenian. (Connellsville, Pa.) 1871-18??
The Fayette monitor. (Connellsville, Pa.) 18??-189?


text:
Response to Justice Committee's Report on Bailiff Enforcement
Our response to the Justice Committee's Report on Bailiff Enforcement
The Justice Committee have today [Thursday, 11 April 2019] released a report, highlighting the need for reform of the bailiff industry, including the introduction of an independent regulator and complaints procedure.
Commenting on the report, Peter Tutton, Head of Policy, said:
"This is a well-considered and important report from the Justice Committee, and its recommendations to drive much-needed reform and oversight of the bailiff sector are welcome.
"Enforcement by bailiffs is intrusive and places disproportionate costs on people in the most vulnerable circumstances. With our research estimating 850,000 cases of bailiff misconduct in the past two years, the case for change is urgent.
We are pleased to see the report's recommendations for the establishment of an independent complaints procedure and independent regulation of the bailiff sector. It is also key that the committee have recommended oversight of the fees charged by bailiffs to ensure these are proportionate and just.
"With powerful cross-party consensus supporting an independent bailiff watchdog and new complaints body, the case for independent bailiff regulation has never been stronger.
"The Ministry of Justice must now act quickly to introduce a properly resourced, independent bailiff regulator. We call on the Government to introduce a Bill bringing these recommendations into effect in the next Queen's Speech."
1. StepChange Debt Charity is part of a coalition of organisations called Taking Control, seeking to reform the bailiff industry in England and Wales. For more information, please see
Get in touch with our media team for more information about our work.
0207 391 4598 (Office hours only)
press@stepchange.org
Connect with us through social media and get all the latest news about our campaigns.
Charity updates on LinkedIn


Feadship has launched the 35-metre motoryacht Letani for a client resident in the Far East. Designed to allow access to shallow waters and smaller marinas in Europe, Scandinavia, the Indian Ocean and Asia, this new Feadship has set a new record of just over two years for the time between the first meeting with the client and the launch.
The launch of Letani was a true family affair as one of the youngest Feadship owners to date celebrated the culmination of a long-held ambition. "I've been privileged to be on various different superyachts over the last ten years," he told the assembled workforce at Feadship's Aalsmeer yard during the christening ceremony.
At this point the champagne bottle was broken on Letani's breathtaking straight bow, one of the features which give this Feadship an impressive top speed of over 20 knots. Her performance is further facilitated by an aluminium hull, while the cutting-edge shape of the bow also provides an additional degree of comfort, as does the installation of zero speed stabilisers. Letani has a contemporary exterior profile with elegant lines and large – often full-length – windows which ensure that the vistas on the outdoor world will be tremendous wherever she may travel.
The length and shallow draught of the vessel are very much linked to the intended use of exploring various parts of the world that are often out of reach to larger superyachts while retaining Feadship standards of quality. Letani's open decks provide maximum entertainment and flexibility for the family and their guests. Sinot Exclusive Yacht Design and Studio Liaigre worked in close collaboration to create a warm, comfortable and liveable apartment-like interior with clean and minimal detailing. A calm atmosphere prevails with smoked eucalyptus combining very well with deeply smoked and washed oak flooring and randomly veneered wall panels.
Letani's layout and its functions are also designed around the owners and their family. A fine example is the special TV nook which divides the lounge and dining room. As the television is on a swivelling bracket it can also be viewed from a saloon area geared to gathering people together in a restful manner. The dining area has an informal French bistro ambience, with a tapered table and long banquette. Elsewhere, the various accommodations for eight in the owner's stateroom, full-beam VIP and two convertible guest suites also exude relaxation on a Feadship with a unique style all of her own.
Owner: Owner's stateroom, bathroom with double vanities and showers.
Guests: Four guests in two convertible staterooms on lower deck, two guests in VIP stateroom.
Crew: Six crew in three cabins with bathrooms. Crew mess and galley on main deck.


text:
package aip0234

import (
	"fmt"
	"strings"

	"github.com/gertd/go-pluralize"
	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/lint"
	"github.com/googleapis/api-linter/locations"
	"github.com/jhump/protoreflect/desc"
)

// The Batch Update standard method should have repeated standard Update request
// message field.
var requestRequestsField = &lint.MessageRule{
	Name:   lint.NewRuleName(234, "request-requests-field"),
	OnlyIf: isBatchUpdateRequestMessage,
	LintMessage: func(m *desc.MessageDescriptor) (problems []lint.Problem) {
		// Rule check: Establish that a "requests" field is present.
		requests := m.FindFieldByName("requests")

		// Rule check: Ensure that the "requests" field is existed.
		if requests == nil {
			return []lint.Problem{{
				Message:    fmt.Sprintf(`Message %q has no "requests" field`, m.GetName()),
				Descriptor: m,
			}}
		}

		// Rule check: Ensure that the standard Update request message field "requests" is repeated.
		if !requests.IsRepeated() {
			problems = append(problems, lint.Problem{
				Message:    `The "requests" field should be repeated`,
				Descriptor: requests,
			})
		}

		// Rule check: Ensure that the standard update request message field is the
		// correct type. Note: Retrieve the resource name from the the batch update
		// request, for example: "BatchUpdateBooksRequest" -> "Books"
		rightTypeName := fmt.Sprintf("Update%sRequest",
			pluralize.NewClient().Singular(strings.TrimPrefix(strings.TrimSuffix(m.GetName(), "Request"), "BatchUpdate")))
		if requests.GetMessageType() == nil || requests.GetMessageType().GetName() != rightTypeName {
			problems = append(problems, lint.Problem{
				Message:    fmt.Sprintf(`The "requests" field on Batch Update Request should be a %q type`, rightTypeName),
				Descriptor: requests,
				Location:   locations.FieldType(requests),
				Suggestion: rightTypeName,
			})
		}
		return
	},
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Laminated Steel Blade
Get Laminated Steel Blade essential facts below. View Videos or join the Laminated Steel Blade discussion. Add Laminated Steel Blade to your PopFlock.com topic list for future reference or share this resource on social media.
A laminated steel blade or piled steel is a knife, sword, or other tool blade made out of layers of differing types of steel, rather than a single homogeneous alloy. The earliest steel blades were laminated out of necessity, due to the early bloomery method of smelting iron, which made production of steel expensive and inconsistent. Laminated steel offered both a way to average out the properties of the steel, as well as a way to restrict high carbon steel to the areas that needed it most. Laminated steel blades are still produced today for specialized applications, where different requirements at different points in the blade are met by use of different alloys, forged together into a single blade.
Piled steel developed out of the necessarily complex process of making blades that were both hard and tough from the erratic and unsuitable output from early iron smelting in bloomeries. The bloomery does not generate temperatures high enough to melt iron and steel, but instead reduces the iron oxide ore into particles of pure iron, which then weld into a mass of sponge iron, consisting of lumps of impurities in a matrix of relatively pure iron, with a carbon content of around 0.06%.[1] The bloom must then be heated and hammered to work out the impurities, resulting in the relatively soft wrought iron.[2]
Iron is too soft to make a good cutting edge; a good edge requires the addition of carbon to make steel. By heating thin iron rods in a carbon-rich forge, carbon could be added to the surface, making a thin layer of steel on the surface through a process called carburization (see also case hardening). From the beginning of the Iron Age, around 1200 BC, piled steel was the only way to get good steel. Obtaining the right level of carbon was an art, and was very important to the finished product. Too much carbon, or too many of the wrong trace elements, and the resulting steel becomes too hard and brittle, which can result in a catastrophic failure of a sword; too little carbon and the sword will not hold an edge. The ideal sword is one with a hard, sharp edge, and tough enough to bend, but not to shatter.[1][2]
Blending a number of different pieces of iron and steel together averaged out the properties, ensuring that one bad piece would not produce a total failure of the finished product. This laminating different alloys together produces patterns that, with proper treatment, can be seen in the surface of the finished blade, and this forms the basis for pattern welding.[2]
Other uses of laminated steel
A Japanese katana. The outer skin is forged from alternating layers of steel with differing carbon content, and folded upon itself many times, producing a mokume (wood-eye) pattern.
Since producing high carbon steel from wrought iron was very difficult, careful lamination of different alloys also served to conserve this difficult-to-make steel by using it only for the parts of the blades where it was needed. Many swords were made with the minimum possible amount of high carbon steel along the cutting edge, with the rest of the blade being made of low carbon steel or wrought iron. A thin strip of high carbon steel could be laminated between two layers of softer steel, or a core of soft steel could be wrapped in high carbon steel. The Japanese katana was often found with complex patterns of soft and hard steels; having 5 sections of differing hardness welded together to form the final blade was not uncommon. The end result would be a blade with a very high carbon edge (as much as 1.0%, equal to the highest carbon content found in low alloy steels in use today) and a softer spine. The very hard, but brittle, edge made the swords extremely sharp, while the spine gave the blade flexibility, so that it would bend rather than break.
Many laminated steel blades, particularly those of the Vikings, also used complex structures of steel to produce patterns in the surface of the steel. These patterns were made by manipulating the piles, by twisting or otherwise distorting the piles, before they were forged into the blade.
Modern use of laminate steel
Modern laminated steel is still found in specialty knives and cutting tools, constructed of multiple alloys of steel to provide specific properties at different areas of the blade. Pattern welding is common in hand-made knives, where the primary goal is to provide a visually striking pattern in the final etched blade.
Japanese swordsmithing
^ a b John D. Verhoeven (2002). "Archived copy" (PDF). Materials Technology. steel research 73 no. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-03. Retrieved . CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ a b c Ian G. Peirce, Ewart Oakeshott. Swords of the Viking Age. p. 145. CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
Morakniv Wood Carving 106 Knife with Laminated Steel Blade 32Inch
Morakniv Wood Carving 120 Knife with Laminated Steel Blade 2.35 Inch
Morakniv Wood Carving 106 Knife with Laminated Steel Blade 3.2 Inch
Laminated_steel_blade