text:
emeraldking-aquatics
Introduction to livebearing toothcarps
Wild traits in livebearer breeding forms
Livebearer behavior
Basic guppy genetics
Wild guppy
Endler
My own created strains of guppies and endlers
Fancy guppy 1
Guppy body shapes
Interesting offspring
Xiphophorus 1
Goodeidae
Limia
Móllienísia (Molly)
Phallichthys
Girardinus
Other livebearers
Fishtanks
Paludarium
Published articles 1
Old drawings & sketches
Poecilia Netherlands
References literature
Short history.
Guppies were firstly discovered back in 1859 by german scientist Wilhelm Peters. Wilhelm Carl Hartwig Peters collected multiple kinds of fish in Venezuela. Among these fish were guppies. By observing the irregular marks on both body and tail fin, Peters named these fish "Poecilia reticulata".
A few years later in 1861, a spaniard by the name of Filippi discovered a similar shaped looking fish in Barbados. Filippi compared these fish to the ones found by Peters and noticed some differences. Which made him think that this species would be a different one than the Poecilia reticulata. Just the bodyshape looked similar. Because he thought it was a different species, he called these fish "Lebistes poecilia".
It was back in 1866 that english botanist Dr. Robert John Lechmere Guppy brought home a number of fish from the Trinidad islands. Robert Guppy was English born but spend his life on Trinidad and Tobago. He donated these fish to Dr. Albert Günther who was working at the British Museum (Natural History Museum). Dr.Günther assumed that Dr. Guppy discovered these fish himself at the Trinidad islands and named these fish " Girardinus guppyi" (also spelled as Girardinus guppii). Named after Dr. Guppy himself. But it turned out that Dr. Guppy didn't discover these fish himself but only brought them to England. Despite of the fact that Dr. Guppy didn't discovered these fish himself, this fish is till this very day known as 'Guppy".
It was in 1909 that the head of the fish gathering for the British Museum, mr. J.A.M. Vipan, started crossbreeding guppies from Venezuela, Trinidad and Barbados. From the trails it was proven that all guppies from of all the three origins were the same species. And the name was changed into "Lebistes reticulatus" in 1913 by Regan. And later on in 1963 it was changed into "Poecilia reticulata" again by Rosen and Bailey.
Above: Wilhelm Carl Hartwig Peters
(☼ April 22 1815 - † April 20 1883)
Below: Robert John Lechmere Guppy
(☼ August 15 1836 - † August 5 1916)
Of course, guppies are officially originated from Central- and South-America but over several decades they were exported throughout the world. To be sold to aquarists, zoo's, for regulating the insect plagues (e.g. mosquitos and so on...), regulating algae overgrowth, etc.... As well for breeding programs to maintain the original form and to hybridize or to linebreed which has resulted to the variety of wellknown fancy guppies which we've known for decades as well... Europe has been of a very important value regarding guppies when it comes to the scientific approach of determining the genus' and further related issues. With a special focus on Germany.
Native wild types
These are guppies indigenous to the area where they were caught. The range of native wild guppies are restricted to the Caribbean and North Eastern South America.
Feral wild types
These are guppies which were introduced by man to a different wild environment than the endemic areas.
True wild types
Both native and feral wild guppies are true wild guppies and are taken directly from the wild.
Wild descended types
These are guppies which were produced by a colony that has a direct line to the true wild population.
On this page I'd like to continue telling you something about my wild guppies in general. In this chapter I'll leave out all endler strains for those are specifically mentioned in chapter "Livebearer2". The strains that will be mentioned overhere are no endlers of any kind. For a lot of people make the mistake that each wildguppy is an endler. A false statement! An endler is a "guppy related" wild form!
I also like to point out that a guppy isn't always a Poecilia reticulata. There are more wild guppies that aren't Poecilia reticulata.
Officially, there are four groups of guppies in the wild:
1.) Poecilia reticulata
2.) Poecilia obscura
3.) Poecilia kempkesi
4.) Poecilia wingei (despite of the fact that it's still debatable how close it's related to the guppy).
A fifth group could be added to these four groups. This concerns the subspecies "Micropoecilia". All five groups are related but differ in DNA. Despite of the fact that these five groups differ in DNA, they can crossbreed and have fertile offspring.
Besides keeping all kinds of wild guppies and wildtype guppies, at some point I also started keeping a group of Cumana guppies (no endlers btw...),Colombia Rio lobo's and wild guppies from Lake Cienaga Daigui at the place Choco in Colombia. Most males of the Cumana guppies had some orange and black spots on the side. Most males from Lake Cienaga Daigui had peacock patterns on the sides and bluish lyretails. At the other hand, the Rio lobo's males were the most colorful ones. Of course, like most wild guppies the females didn't appear that colorful like the males.
To put an anecdote out here.... I do recall that during the seventies till mid eighties wild guppies in the pet store were available for ridiculous low prices. At that time I'd be able to give the owner of the pet store about 3 guilders and I was allowed to fill one huge net with a lot of these little guys. In some way they all wanted to sell those fancy guppies instead of these short tailed and less bright colored guppies. They were also sold as so-called feeder fish. And also for that reason they were sold at low prices at that time... But if I'd take a look at the current prices, it's been incredibly increased for that matter. Anyways, I've always thought that wild guppies had more charm than the fancy guppies. And to me that's still the way it is...!
Look at the difference between male and female. More and more males are developing peacock spots on their sides. Also the dark spot at the start of the tail appears more frequently. The females however stay in comparison to the males less brighter in coloration.
Above: An Asian blau male specimen.
As the pictures show, the male wildguppy is able to perform more pigmentation after bred in captivity for a couple of generations. But to be honest, the fancy guppies have their origin from these kinds of wild guppies. And look at those fancy guppies these days how colorful they've become... But I don't like the delta- and triangle shaped tails so I'll stick to the wild forms and fancies which have short fins and tails (with the exception of lyretails and swords).
I also like to make the remark that although wild guppies are gray based, in captivity blonde, bronze and golden mutations can occur. I'm even convinced that in free nature some blonde, bronze and golden specimens must occur as well between all those gray based ones. In a way, it's not even that weird for several wild strains have adapted their shape and color patterns to the circumstances of their environment.
Another note is that it's been said so often that wild guppies don't have sparkling colors or they're less intense colored. This is an incorrect information. It depends on the strain and location wether wild guppies will be bright colored or not. Mostly it's got to do wether they live in an environment where predators share the same waters. In such environments, they're more pale colored. If there isn't or there are hardly predators, the coloration will be brighter. And even metallic wild guppies do occur. So, the suggestion that only wild endlers are carrying metallic colors in comparison to wild guppies ain't correct. It should be said that endlers are metallic colored but so "can" wild guppies.
Above: A collage of different phenotypes of wild guppies.
Photo courtesy by Judith Mank.
Above: Phenotypes of male Cumana, Quare6 and Maculatus wild guppies. (A,C,E) Lateral aspects of adult males taken under incident light conditions. White rectangles indicate details enlarged in (B.D.F) and figures 6 and 7. Traits are labeled with numbers according to their appearance in the text: 1. Cumana black and orange ornaments on the dorsal fin; 2. Cumana blue iridescent spot; 3. Cumana ventral black margin of the caudal penducle; 4. Cuman orange-black lining of the tail fin; 5. Quare6 tail fin color pattern; 6. Central black spot; 7. Central orange spot; 8. Quare6 posterlor black spot on caudal penducle; 9. Maculatus black spot and whitish ornaments on the dorsal fin.
(↑ Reference: Journal.pone.0085647.g002)
Above: Blue and golden phenotypes. (A) Dorsal aspect of newborns. (B) lateral aspect of adult males. (C) Dorsal aspect of adult males. (D) Lateral aspect of adult females. (E) Details of areas boxed in D showing the reticulate pattern. (F) Ventral view of the caudal penducle of females (indicated by white arrows in D). Golden mutants of both sexes lack a ventral black stripe and have only a few melanophores on the anterior head, including the choroid of the eyes. Golden females lack the female pigment spot above the anal fin (white asterisks in D). Individuals shown are from the BDZW1 (wild type, golden) and BDZW2 (blue) background. Bars: (A) 1 mm; (B & C) 2 mm; (D) 5 mm; (E & F) 0,5 mm.(↑ Reference: www.genetics.org/content/194/3/631)
Above: Phenotypic sexual dimorphism in the guppy. Males (top) are generally smaller than females (bottom) and have complex color patterns on the body. The encircled region (white outline) indicates the tissues, 1) brain and eyes; 2) Male testis and female ovary; and 3) trunk & caudal peduncle.
Above: A photo of the brains of a guppy.
Right: A photo of a guppy's head with the location of the brain that shines through the head.
Above: The optic lobes are thought to be involved in visual processing (left). In a study, researchers found that guppies with larger optic lobes more quickly learned a visual discrimination task—identifying which color well contained food. The fish telencephalon is thought to be involved in spatial learning, memory, and inhibitory control (right). Here, researchers found that a larger telencephalon might enhance the fish's cognitive flexibility, allowing them to more quickly associate food with a new color after researchers switched it.
(Illustration courtesy by Julia Moore).
A study from 2018 found that smal brained wild guppy females were not drawn to attractive colored or attractive shaped males over less attractive males despite of the fact that those females could distinguish attractive males from the less attractive males. Which is totally not the case with females with bigger brains. Females would go for the more attractive males instead. In this study two groups of female Trinidadian guppies with difference in brain size were used and exposed to attractive males ( more colorful and with larger finnage) and less attractive males.
Japan blue wildtype guppies
Japan blue wildtype guppies have often been mistaken to be named endlers for so many years.
They're suppose to be guppies which have been found in japanese waters. According to the story, it's an evolved strain from a complete different kind of wildtype guppies which were released overthere for a long time ago. Wether this story is true or not... it remains a wonderful wildtype guppy...
They're also called neon blue wildtype guppy. The intensity of the blue does differ per individual male. The fins can be clear or marked with colours or pattern. In general they're quite hardy and easy breeders.
There's also a japan blue endler hybrid. These can be recognized by the dot or black bar on both sides of the male's chest. All other features are similar to the japan blue wildtype guppy. The first japan blues I've kept was back in 2004. At that time still sold as being endlers.
Congo wildguppies
One of the strains that I've kept and which I've bred is the so-called Congo wildguppy. This is a feral species which occurs in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (or Congo-Kinshasa and former Zaïre) in Central-Africa. The species is endemic to areas of the Congo river and surrounded mangroves.
Overhere some males and females are shown. In general most males have peacock pattern on their bodies.
In May 2017 (many years after I've kept these guppies), I've received a small colony of Congo wild guppies Brazzaville again from Leendert van den Berg (chairman of Poecilia Netherlands). It turned out to be the same species as I had for years ago.
Ecuador wildguppy
This strain is also a very interesting one. These are kept just by themselves in a tank. The patterns differ from male to male. The same goes for the shape of their tails. They're a bit slimmer and longer than the Congo wild guppies.
Also these males have peacock pattern on their bodies. They're real beauties to have !
Below we see pics of several male Ecuador wild guppies. It's a colorful strain and very hardy...
Rio picota honda colombian wild guppy
Although, you would expect that this strain should occur just in Mexico, the fact is different. These are Colombian instead of Mexican. The species occurs in both countries. It's not actually determined wether it's exactly the same strain but they do look very similar to another.
This strain is to be found at Balneario la Picota / Rio Picota, departamento de Tolima, Colombia.
These males don't have any pattern in their tails. Further on it's a short tailed wildguppy, So, no lyretails!
Like most wild guppies, also this strain is very easy and hardy. In this pic on the right a not complete colored juvenile male. Look at the typical bar on the adult male on the left.
Rio Catatumbo wildguppy
Here's a strain which is very rare in the aquaristic world, the Rio catatumbo wild guppy. It's endemic to the northern part of the Rio catatumbo close to Venezuela.
I was lucky to have a couple of these fish from an import from Colombia ( F1 from the venezuelan strain) in june 2012. Unfortunately, three males died two days after they came in. Two males and five females remained.
Surinam isadou wild guppy
This year (spring 2012) I got some wild guppies from an acquaintance of mine who went on an expedition trip to Isadou in Surinam. Isadou is an island located in the Brokopondo reservoir. Situated in the north-eastern part of Surinam on the left riverbank of Surinam river.
He was looking for quite different fish than guppies. But he found in a stream overthere lots of these guys and brought a certain amount of these fish along. He called me if I was interested to have some of my own. Had some losses in the beginning but it regained in amount later on... Despite of all, this wild guppy doesn't seem to be that hardy. So, a bit of caution was becoming necessary with these guys.
A juvenile male of the Surinam isadou wildguppy is shown above.
Rio lobo wild guppy
One of the more known wild guppies are the Rio lobo wild guppies. Very hardy fish and also within this strain a range of patterns are occurring.
Although it's a more common type of wild guppy, it's still a "must have guppy" for wild guppy lovers.
Rio Tefé
The Rio Tefé wild guppies were originally caught by Hariolf Rieger back in 1999 in Brazil.
The Rio Tefé is a tributary of the Amazon river (Solimões section) in Amazonas state in north-western Brazil.
There's really not that much to tell about this specific strain. But from all wild guppy species, this is one of the most known ones and kept by many wild guppy keepers.
Rio Approuague wild guppy
A very interesting type of wildguppy is the Rio approuague wild guppy. Found in the Approuague River in the eastern part of French Guiana and close to Brazil. The Approuague River has a total length of approximately 180 miles (about 270km). This river's area is also known as one of the best locations for survival trips and real trekking.
This wildguppy would also survive in more wild waters for the Approuague river can be pretty rough.
Rio Solimões wild guppy
This type of wildguppy is to be found in the neighbourhood of Fonta Boa in the Rio Solimões in Brasil. Rio Solimões is the Brasilian name and therefore Portuguese, for the Amazon river from the Peruvian border to the junction with the Rio Negro.
The males are slender and pretty colorful as to be seen on these pics. Especially when the males age, they tend to become darker to the tail. More greenish on the side will appear as well.
Mandemba wild guppy
This strain is to be found in Rio Mandemba in Venezuela.
The mandemba wildguppy ain't that colorful but nevertheless an interesting wildguppy. It's less hardy but the more challenge there is to keep and breed them.
Jamaica wild guppy
Of all jamaican wild guppies, I have this particular strain back home. Bright colored and very prolific.
This strain was caught in 2007 and brought in through Germany before it came to me.
Lac du Rorota, Fratigue
Well, this wildguppy is called Lac du Rorota named after the region where it was found. But through the years it's been a real discussion wether the Lac du Rorota is actual the japan blue which were found in waters in Japan. Or that the japan blue from japan originated from the Lac du Rorota. Knowing that wild guppies originated from Central- and South-America and that all current wildtype guppies found in waters around the world were released overthere. And for sure sufficient types evolved in their appearance in other natural waters as well. So, if the question would raise: which guppy would be original; Lac du Rorota or the japan blue? I would say that the Lac du Rorota would've appeared first. For sure, this is a speculation coming from my side. But that's only based on the chronological order. I am aware of it that lots of theories are at hand regarding this topic. Who's really right on this story seems still a bit vague... But it does keep the topic alive in my opinion.
I myself have Lac du Rorota wild guppies swimming around which look a bit different from the average japan blue short tails I have in another tank. The Lac du Rorota which I have overhere seem to be more stretched when it comes to body length in comparison to the average japan blue short tail.
Bifurca wild guppy
This is a wildguppy which is endemic to the same region as the micropoecilia bifurca. It's also imported as a micropoecilia species. In some way the body shape does show similarities to the micropoecilia species but it's determined a wild wingei by professor Schartl in August 2010. Despite of the fact that professor Schartl determined this strain as being a wingei, it doesn't actually have any resemblance to any kind of Poecilia wingei in my opinion. Before this determination it has been considered a Poecilia reticulata. Anyways, I leave this up to each one of you how you like to call this fish.
This is a natural hybrid and to be found in Surinam, Dutch Guyana. First caught fish in August 2005. Also this strain can be kept in freshwater and brackish water.
Venezuelan doublesword wild guppy
In 2012 I got a group of Venezuelan wildguppies donated by Ronald Bosma. It concerned a group of extended double swords. The original group (F0) had been collected by Frans Vermeulen in Venezuela. He's Dutch but moved over to Aruba.
Poecilia obscura
The third recognized order of wild guppies is named Poecilia obscura. Also known as Oropuche guppy. This strain is to be found in the Oropuche river system in North-eastern Trinidad. But also in other river streams like Rio L'Ebranche, Rio Seco, Rio Matura, Rio Quare and Rio La Seiva. The two last mentioned are part of the Oropuche river system.
Most of these Poecilia obscura occur in the shallow parts of the streams and in ditches.
I am keeping two groups, one of the Matura river and Orupuche river (N 10° 43.052'; W 61° 8.871').
Also with this strain a lot of phenotypes among the males occur. The colors, patterns, fin- and tail shape differ a lot.
The pics above shows males with almost a similar pattern. However, below is shown a collage of how different these phenotypes can be.
St.Ann's wild guppy, Trinidad
The next wildguppy mentioned is the so-called St. Ann's wildguppy from the shallow waters of Trinidad. Don't mix this strain up with the black bar endler. It does look almost similar to the black bar endler but the dorsals are fully colored and the pattern of the tail is different. The swords are also much thinner in lining.
Also a difference between this wildguppy and the black bar endler is that the females have a slight darker edge on all the fins. So, including the tail. Unfortunately the pics below doesn't show it too well. But that's a real difference in comparison to female black bar endlers.
Despite of the fact that the resemblance with the black bar endler is genuine present, I won't mix them in the same tank. For it is a separate strain itself and therefore still very interesting to keep. At some point I think this strain is much more interesting to me than the black bar endler. But that's basically a personal preference.
Rio casanay
The ones I've got came from a line that was collected by Philippe Voisin (2011).
In 2014 a group of Rio casanay wildguppies were donated to me. They were given to me becoz' the adult female had died and only an adult male and fry were left. Scared that they wouldn't work out that well, the owner decided to get rid of these fish. I took them home and just put them in a small tank. Basically I just left them in there and I only fed them. Hardly some water changes were done in that tank. Fortunately, those fish did well and the fry grew up beautifully.
Most males have a metallic shine, red markings, peacocks on most likely the back of the body or the shoulder and some filigree pattern on their caudal fin.
To me these are one of the more stunning wild guppies there are.
These wild guppies are to be found in the Rio Casanay in Venezuela.
The cayenne wild guppy is originated from Cayenne river, French Guiana. The line I´m maintaining has it´s origin from a swamp northeastern of Kaw. But there are also specimens to be found in the Cayenne river as stated before.
It's a small wild guppy which has a partial red covered body and some monocles. A slight blue marking at the end towards the caudal fin, A clear caudal fin and some markings in the dorsal fin.
The Isla Margarita wildguppy is originated from La Asuncion, Isla Margaitain Venezuela (coll. Jürgen Mahlke, 2008).
It's not a very bright colored wild guppy but absolutely worthwhile to keep.
Orangeline
There are two varieties of Orangeline wild guppies. This particular strain is to be found in a branch of Rio Morichal, 75km SSO Maturin, Largo Highway 10 in Venezuela.
This type of Orangeline does resemble much more a Poecilia reticulata as his relative described next.
This Orangeline guppy is to be found south of Ciudad Bolivar, 50km east of El Tigre at El Salto, Venezuela.
For years ago this strain was considered being a Micropoecilia strain. Nowadays, it's considered being a Poecilia reticulata. But if I look at the male's features, it does resemble more like a Micropoecilia than a Poecilia reticulata. However, the females are more similar to Poecilia reticulata than Micropoecilia. For sure, it's a speculation coming from my side... But personally I do think that this could be a natural hybrid between Poecilia reticulata and Micropoecilia.
What's also peculiar is that they prefer a lower pH.
The first specimens I've kept was in 2014. Purchased them from Peter and Astrid Raschke.
Surinam green
The Surinam green wildguppy had been found 20km north-west of Paramaribo in Surinam (coll. Harro Hieronimus, 1999).
My first breeding couples came from an auction in Sauerland (Germany) back in 2014.
This Surinam wild guppy is a colorful specimen which doesn't carry that much green on its body despite of the name.
Paramaribo guppy (Poecilia kempkesi)
The Poecilia kempkesi originated from Paramaribo in Surinam. The Poecilia kempkesi is also called Surinam guppy or Paramaribo guppy.
The colony I've started with were purchased at an auction in Sauerland (Germany) back in 2014. The data that goes with this colony is location Anton Drachtenweg, Paramaribo in Surinam (coll. Fred Poeser).
They did very well at my place but somehow they just didn't want to reproduce. It took about 8 months before the first offspring were born.
In spring 2016 I've kept them also outside. Despite of the slow start of spring (with all the lows you can imagine), the juveniles did amazingly well outside. Because of the fact that they were put in a glass cube instead of PE tank and kept on the south side, the temperatures do fluctuate more. Also more algae growth and more coloration of the water is at hand in this situation. Nevertheless, they were doing just fine in there.
Overhere an already adult male coming from the outdoor tank.
There has been a questionnaire wether Poecilia maculatus (Winge) or Poecilia kempkesi is the pure Paramaribo guppy. Research (by Fred Poeser) concluded that Poecilia kempkesi is the correct pure form.
The next pictures (lecture Fred Poeser at the Poecilia Netherlands Meeting, Asperen 2016) shows that Winge's P.maculatus was a crossbreeding with Poecilia reticulata.
Conclusion of Fred Poeser: Poecilia kempkesi with a dot is the pure form and P.maculatus without a dot is a hybrid.
Despite of the dots and the orange or red spot on both sides of the males, the position of the dot(s) can differ and so does some other markings. There are males with some dark marked dorsals but also with clear dorsals. The ones I'm keeping are with a red or orange maculatus blotch on both sides.
Above and below: On September 12th 2020, Fred Poeser brought me a wild molly in the plastic jar that he used to keep the Poecilia kempkesi in while bringing them from Surinam to the Netherlands back in 2005. The initials AD refer to the address location in Paramaribo (Surinam) where they were collected.
He gave it to me with a smile while saying that I had to treasure this jar.
Note: Fred Poeser has visited me in July 2020 and confirmed as well that these are indeed Poecilia Kempkesi with the maculatus blotch. I'd like to mention this in case, someone is doubting the phenotype.
Poecilia reticulata Hortus botanicus VU
In 2014 I've got a group of wildtupe guppies from Brian Twint as a gift. They came from the Hortus botanicus of the University of Utrecht (the Netherlands). They were very bright coloured and consisted of variable phenotypes. Of course, that's not weird for in the pond of that specific greenhouse, several kinds of guppies were released in there throughout the years. And in some way, it did cultivate into a certain colony but the bloodlines were still too diverse to become one new strain. Nevertheless, it was a beautiful and interesting colony to have...
Overhere some pictures of a batch of them...
Poecilia reticulata Hortus botanicus Leiden
In 2015 when I was engaging the AquaHortus2015 exhibition (lasted for 3 weeks) at the Hortus botanicus of the University of Leiden (the Netherlands), I've been catching livebearers (and specifically guppies) by permission. I've caught them in the Victoria pond of the Victoria greenhouse.
In there were mollies, platies, guppies, puffers and even goldfish...
But my focus has been guppies and mainly wildtype guppies. I've caught them together with one of my best friends Paul Vons and also with Rogier van Vught (Supervisor greenhouses). Below a picture of Rogier van Vugt trying to catch some wildtype guppies for me...
Also these guppies were really diverse in their looks. Throughout the years several kinds of guppies and endlers were released into this pond and they've mixed up with eachother. So, a variety of wildtype guppies were the result. In the picture below some guppies were put in some jars.
Above: Overhere some specimens from the Victoria pond...
And overhere some caught fish by me and Paul Vons after two hours of catching fish using some plastic bottles instead of using a net... Yes, two hours for just a couple of guppies... Aren't we the best...???
Poecilia reticulata Baja California
On the second Poecilia meeting in 2016 I was given a group of wild guppies by the name of Baja California by Ronny Vannerom from Belgium. They came from a batch which had been studied by the RU Gent (University of Gent, Belgium).
It concerns a somewhat smaller specimen from the up north Mexico. Markings of each individual male does differ a bit. Also the intensity of the colors do differ. But that could also have to do with dominance between the males.
But what all males do have is a black spot on the shoulder and most have a small peacock at or on the caudal area.
In 2010 the RU Gent (Belgium) did some research on them.
Distributing this strain by the RU Gent is rare and therefore I'm really grateful to have this strain in my collection.
Gillbach guppy
The Gillbach is a tributary to the river Erft in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. This river system receives warm water influx from a power plant which enables the water temperature to stay in a stable condition of 19°C all year round.
Besides guppies also cichlids are to be found in this river system. But in this case I'll focus on the guppies in there.
Gillbach guppies are feral guppies. I'm not even mentioning feral wild guppies explicitly. The guppies that can be found overthere are phenotypically wildtype guppies and specimens that show specific fancy traits (not big tailed but you do see the characteristics of fancy guppies).
I myself keep the wildtype guppies from the Gillback stream. First ones I've ever received were offspring from a batch caught by Peter Mulders back in 2018. I became interested in them when I got to see a whole bunch at Michael Kempkes (author of several aquarium books) place when I visited him back in Fall of 2016 (we had a joined meeting between VDA-AK and Poecilia Netherlands).
As already been mentioned, those Gillbach guppies do not consist of one phenotype but several. The ones I've started with were wildtypes and short tailed. It turned out that these guppies were really prolific and in the beginning most male offspring looked quite similar to the fish I've started this colony with. But after the third generation, more diversity showed up in the male offspring.
Rio Magdalena, Honda (Colombia)
A group of wild guppies coming from a batch of wild caughts (year 2017) was given to me by Fred Poeser. They were simultaneously caught with Poecilia caucana (which was the goal of the expedition in 2017). Friends of Fred Poeser caught them in Colombia. He was given Poecilia caucana by them and it turned out that guppies were in there as well. Both species were derived from the Rio Magdalena. And so these guppies were named after this river.
During one of the meetings of Poecilia Netherlands in 2017, Fred Poeser brought these guppies along and handed them over to me. He told me he had no space left for them and gave them to me for he knew that I'm a serious fan of wild guppies. He was also more interested in the Poecilia caucana than these guppies.
Chimborazo, Barbados
The Poecilia reticulata Chimborazo is a wild guppy breed that I've collected in a stream in Chimboarazo on Barbados in April 2022.
This specific Poecilia reticulata is a slender build guppy which reminds me of Micropoecilia species. Even the females are slender of shape.
They are also very fast growers at lower water temperatures from my experience that is. From all 23 specimens I've brought back home, just 4 died along the way when I tried to adjust them to tapwater. With both genders present, I could start my breeding project. It's always a risk to get wild specimens adjusted to tapwater. And for sure, one species adjusts easier than another species. But things went on just fine. In the same year, I was able to move a number of breeding groups to other owners.
The males are very colorful. Specifically when the light hits them and when there's a good contrast in the tank. When they go off color, they look a bit like the Rio Casanay wild guppy but more slender. But once they do show their colors, they look quite different from the Rio Casanay wild guppies.
All males have a peacock on their caudal. And a color combo of green, purple, red, white and black. It's an attractive and slender wild guppy breed. It's unclear wether this concerns an endemic species or an introduced species. During my stay there was no one who could give more detailed information about them.
What I've experienced with this species is that it quite hardy. They do well in soft water and in hard water. But I've found them in soft water to be more precise. And they tolerate a wide range of water temperatures.
© 2022 - 2023 emeraldking-aquatics


text:
Man City fans have no reason to worry after Pep Guardiola's latest contract comments – Jack Flintham
Knowing that you are one of the best coaches in the world probably helps you to be composed when discussing your future, always being safe in the knowledge that there will be a queue of clubs wanting your services when you eventually leave. But for supporters, when it looked like Guardiola may not agree a new deal at the Etihad Stadium beyond the end of this year, it was a cause for concern.
When he did sign the contract last month, it appeared as though the speculation had come to an end. For 18 months at least.
However, the Catalonian&aposs comments on Monday reopened the conversation regarding the boss&apos future. He told Marca: "The moment I feel something is wrong, I will resign or not renew my contract.
"I will not stay as [Sir Alex] Ferguson or [Arsene] Wenger. The contract is just a piece of paper.
"I extended my commitment to the club because I feel the team can still do well under my leadership. In the end, it&aposs all about the result.
"If we get tired of each other, I&aposm not going to stay until the end because of the contract."
On first glance these comments may once again strike dread into the hearts of the fans but the comments really show he has the long-term future of the club in his heart.
Guardiola references Wenger in his comments and City must do everything possible to avoid that scenario from occurring. At Arsenal, it was clear that Wenger had outstayed his welcome at the Emirates Stadium.
The Gunners were falling behind the rest and due to his legendary status at the club, the owners found it impossible to sack him. In the long term, Wenger would hinder Arsenal by not stepping away sooner.
What Guardiola is admitting is that he knows that the club is bigger than any personal accomplishments. Currently, City remain on an upward trajectory but should that dip, it is clear that the 51-year-old will know when his time is up.
There is no doubt that while the Blues are still performing, Guardiola will remain in Manchester. No other club is going to turn his head, not even Barcelona.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The negotiation about the East Ukraine
Today a new attempt is being made to find a solution to solve the conflict in Eastern Ukraine.
Volodymyr Selenskyj, the new president of Ukraine, meets Vladimir Putin for the first time. Selenskyi is regarded as inexperienced when it comes to negotiation techniques, while as his counterpart Putin is an absolute professional who can play the entire keyboard of a negotiation. Former President Poroshenko has already warned Selenskyi not to go into a 4-eyed conversation with Putin: "I would avoid a one-on-one meeting with Putin, or if that is impossible, I would not indulge in his manipulations and flatteries."
From a technical negotiating point of view, a 4-eye conversation is important and probably also necessary. A one-on-one meeting can probe and test a possibility for conflict resolution.
Negotiation tips for Wolodymyr Selenskyj:
1. avoid early decisions in public
2. emphasize similarities, don`t talk about the past
3. enter the negotiation with a 3-point plan
a. What can be solved now? - e.g. unbundling of troops and withdrawal of own troops
b. What can be solved soon? - e.g. timetable for a peace solution
c. What is not solvable? - e.g. ideological topics
4. propose a 4-eyes dialogue if there is no movement in the negotiations


This amazing frittata recipe loaded with fontina cheese, asparagus, and tangy sun dried tomatoes is a brilliant main dish to serve for breakfast or brunch… or lunch, or dinner, or a mid-afternoon snack. Actually, it's pretty wonderful anytime you serve it.
Rounding out week one of Estate d'Italia (Summer of Italy) on ASP, were serving up a rustic Italian frittata recipe that is both simple and elegant.
A good classic frittata recipe is a wonderful platform for your favorite italian cheese and all your garden-ripe summer veggies. Frittatas are Italy's answer to Quiche and Omelets. A crustless egg pie, focused on allowing the fillings to shine through.
This combination of seared asparagus and tangy sun dried tomatoes is a fabulous complement to the richness of the eggs and the creamy melty fontina cheese.
You can make this frittata recipe in a regular skillet with a lot of oil to keep the eggs from sticking. However, if you use a good non-stick skillet it should slide right out of the pan, without having to use any extra fat at all.
Start by searing the garlic, asparagus and sun dried tomatoes in a dry non-stick skillet.
Then swirl the pan vigorously while pouring in the egg mixture… like this.
Add the fontina, and pop the skillet in the oven for a few minutes to finish cooking.
Then slide the frittata out of the pan and cut into wedges.
This asparagus and sun dried tomato frittata recipe is best served with a simple green salad (with a tart vinaigrette) and some fresh summer fruit.
It's a warm fragrant protein-packed meal that we all look forward to devouring, whether we're at home or abroad.
Make sure to follow along on our Instagram feed to see what we're up to in Italy this week.
Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. Crack the eggs into a medium bowl. Add the cream, 1/2 teaspoon salt and 1/4 teaspoon pepper, then whisk thoroughly. Cut the bottoms 2-3 inches off the ends of the asparagus and discard. Cut the remaining asparagus into 1 inch sections.
Place a large non-stick skillet over medium heat. Sear the garlic and asparagus for 2-3 minutes. Then add the sun dried tomato pieces and sear another 2 minutes.
Briskly swirl the skillet around as you pour the egg mixture in—this creates a crust on the outer edge. Then add the shredded cheese. Remove from the stovetop and place in the oven for 10- 15 minutes until cooked through. Slide the frittata out of pan onto a cutting board and cut into wedges.
Yum! I'm going to try that this week for supper!
That is one lovely dish. I love anything with sun-dried tomatoes, so this is perfect.
I made this for our dinner last night. The kids didn't care for it–one doesn't like asparagus, while the other liked the flavor of the dish, but her stomach can't tolerate eggs cooked in this form for some reason.
The husband suggested that a slice of bacon cooked crispy and crumbled into this would be just the little thing that would take it from good to "wow!" I think he's right. This tasted mild, but good. Although I did use homemade sundried tomatoes when I made mine. That could have been part of the mild flavor.
I'm keeping the recipe and making it again, but not for the kids next time.
Love frittatas with sun-dried tomatoes! This is wonderful!
This is absolutely beautiful, Sommer, and it sounds delicious!
Totally gorgeous! I need to add this to my brunch menu this weekend!
Yep – I could pretty much eat this any time of day!
Love everything about this recipe!
This screams summer! Loving these flavors! Frittata for dinner is something I like to during the hot long summer days. Must make this!
A couple of my favorite frittata ingredients here. I'd just add some mushrooms and be set for life! Hope you're having a fabulous time in Italy!
Love everything about this frittata!
So beautiful colors. Love you made the frittata with asparagus. Have to admit I never tried a frittata with it.
Love asparagus – grean and white. But never thought of greens with sun-dried tomatoes. Thnak you!
I agree, this would be wonderful any time it's served.
Our local asparagus is gorgeous right now. Can't wait to try this, Sommer!
Loooove frittata recipes! Looks delish!!
I love that I can eat this at any point in the day! Looks awesome!
You know, I've never made a frittata…or tried fontina cheese!


grinding media balls manufacturing process Grinding Mill . grinding media balls manufacturing process. . Home grinding media balls manufacturing process by diagram.
Basic Inks manufacturing process flow diagram . ink, and other coating manufacturing . be facilitated by the use of grinding media such as pebbles, balls, .
efficiency of the manufacturing process. Wet grinding and ultrafine wet grinding in . The second possible production method of grinding media is the fused process.
. 2016 · . html cement ball mill grinding media . . manufactured?Function Of Ball Mill In Cement Manufacturing Process. . cement ball mills diagram .
RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY Quality Improvement in the Production Process of Grinding Balls Andrew .. . . grinding media balls manufacturing process by diagram .
Grinding Media Balls Manufacturing Process By Diagram. We have sold many of crushing and grinding units to more than 130 countries!
Grinding Media, Grinding Balls for Cement PlantsWear Resistant . Grinding plant - Cement, Process Layout Of Roller . line diagram of cement mill grinding media .
. it is the technical breakthrough of ball milling manufacturing process, . Skew rolling mill for steel ball is . ball machine,the grinding balls production .
Development of Grinding Media Balls Using Locally Available Materials . The wet wear test of grinding media balls was done by . Schematic diagram of the .
The Manufacturing Process Production for an ABMA Grade 24, Burnishing Media, Grinding The hardened balls are precision ground by rolling them between .
Media Manufactured with a Novel . cotton balls manufacturing process flow . 11.6 Portland Cement Manufacturing - US EPA. Process flow diagram for portland .
Development of Grinding Media Balls Using Locally Available Materials. . poured in a mould prepared by CO2 process. . Development of Grinding Media Balls .
. FORGED STEEL GRINDING BALLS Grinding BallsGrinding Media Prices EstimatorGRINDING BALLS The subject of grinding media (grinding balls & grinding . Process .
Grinding Media & Grinding Balls | Union Process, Inc. . Manufacturing Process 2-15 Schematic Diagram of a Three-Roll Mill 2-18 Schematic Drawing of, mills; .
Module: 11 Lecture: 45 Paint industries . Block diagram of manufacturing process . Steel balls are used as grinding media which is placed inside the cylinder.
Cement Mill Feeder Control System cement mill using grinding media balls. . Vertical Roller Mill for cement grinding nptel Block diagram of manufacturing process .
Maximize grinding media life, improve production efficiency and . Grinding media solutions - Forged balls, . unmatched expertise of the grinding process and .
how to manufacture grinding media balls - rock .
Home grinding media balls manufacturing process by diagram. . Home »» manufacturing process of grinding media balls . Products List. Ball Mill; .
Development of Grinding Media Balls Using Locally Available Materials. . Development of Grinding Media . for the production of grinding media ball.
Grinding Media Selection Guide | Union Process®, Inc. View the video "How to Select Grinding Media . due to the manufacturing process, the media must be .
Manufacturing process of grinding media balls. . ball mill process diagram india. ball mill . ball mill by . iron ore ball crushing machine process flow .
Grinding media balls manufacturers in spain Sep 19, 2016 Alumina balls, alumina ceramic grinding media ball, mill Cement ball manufacturing process by diagram .
Development of Grinding Media Balls Using Locally Available Materials . formulated for the production of grinding media ball. . diagram of the casting .


text:
Swipe up/down iffy
rwinking January 18, 2023, 8:20pm 1
When I need to go to the swipe down feature in order to get to the xpression pedal features it usually takes me about ten tries before it works. Same with the swipe up. Sometimes it goes to the directory page or the add (+) block page. Sometimes the search page. Is it me? Any pointers or does it need to go back to QC?
Add I/O Settings to the upper-right corner dropdown list
HonestOpinion January 18, 2023, 10:12pm 2
It could be more dependable, but it should not be as difficult (10 attempts) as you are reporting. it may just be about how hard you are pressing and your swipe motion. Not to compare it to an iPhone which has an even more touch sensitive screen but there are swipe motions on the iPhone for basic functions that took me a while to get happening reliably.
Just curious, does this happen on any preset or just loaded ones?
If more experimentation and practice doesn't get you there, then maybe it is time to contact support.
rwinking January 18, 2023, 11:19pm 3
So I did a search and found some helpful stuff that seems to work a little better. If go from the corners and swipe diagonally down it seemed to have helped, I only had a few minutes with it and had to leave but I will try it when I get home later and see if that is how it has to be done. My iPad and Android phone are much easier to deal with for sure.
It seems to happen on any preset I have. I thought it would be nice to have another way to access those screens if the swipe doesn't work. Oddly enough when I first got the QC and would open a block and would try and tap the three dots for further options like "change device" it would take me forever. All of a sudden it started working. I was hoping that the swipe up/down feature would do the same thing…like it just needed to get used to my finger or something.
danneh69 January 18, 2023, 11:26pm 4
When I swipe up or down I start swiping a little bit outside the screen. Works every time.
littlespaceman January 18, 2023, 11:38pm 5
Likewise. Not sure where I came across this tip, but it really does help; so start with your finger on the metal surround of the screen then swipe down or up to the screen depending on whether you're at the top or bottom, and keep your finger in contact as you go from the metal to the glass
RavenVoice January 19, 2023, 6:37am 6
There's a few threads on here discussing this same thing; many users find the swipe up/down feature unreliable & frustrating, it definitely takes a while to get the hang of it. There's also a feature request to assign the associated screens to footswitches - you might want to do a search & vote on that (it would certainly make life easier if it were to be implemented).
Starting on the metal is the key although the diagonal swipe seems to also work. It would be great if QC could acknowledge this in the manual or in the videos. I watched their video manual and the guy just swipes as if it is nothing, leading me to think that mine wasn't working correctly.
Guitarquaduser1 January 20, 2023, 2:34pm 8
Good to know. Thx for the tip.
DiffractionCircuit January 20, 2023, 3:26pm 9
In addition to the swipe down function, I would like to see the IO settings simply added to the Settings menu. No guesswork on whether your swipe attempt will be successful.
DiffractionCircuit January 20, 2023, 10:13pm 10
New feature request, check it out:
Add I/O Settings to the upper-right corner dropdown list Feature Requests
The swipe down action to open the I/O Settings screen is… a little difficult, and more than one discussion has been started over it. I think it would be good to include the I/O Settings to the three-dot corner dropdown list so it's easier to get to. To be clear, I am not suggesting that the swipe down should go away. But I'd honestly rather tap the screen 2 or 3 times to guarantee that I get to these settings. Take the guesswork out of whether or not we swiped correctly.
RavenVoice January 21, 2023, 7:26am 11
There's also this pre-existing one (which I personally feel presents a better alternative):
https://unity.neuraldsp.com/t/activate-deactivate-gigview-via-foot-switches-even-with-locked-touchscreen/7530?u=ravenvoice
There's also yet another feature request thread on here regarding this same issue but I feel that the one I've linked to above presents the best solution (ie utilising footswitches rather than the touchscreen).
BrianVallotton January 21, 2023, 4:54pm 12
Yes, as a new user just this morning it took me like 10 times to get the Scenes to come up. I tried from the middle and the corners… 2 or 3 times it brought up one of the blocks that was on the screen and then I had to click out of it. I do love the unit though, and like anything you get more proficient with use. I really like this forum as well.
Andyjcp January 21, 2023, 5:01pm 13
Not sure if it's the same on every QC, but for me it always works if i swipe really fast.
But I don't want to knock my coffee off my desk! Seriously though, thanks for input Andy.
I don't drink coffee, but I'm sometimes afraid my bandmates think I'm playing "fruit ninja" on the touchscreen of the QC.
BrianVallotton January 21, 2023, 11:46pm 16
Now that is funny!
Guitarquaduser1 January 23, 2023, 1:23pm 17
It's true. I thought mine was broken but swipe sideways and it works great


text:
Our commitment to health >
Aerospace Engineering Job Descriptions
About Modis
Skilling Solutions
Industry Expertise Overview
Global Delivery Centers
Why Modis
Modis Academy
Modis Academy Program
The latest comprehensive aerospace engineering job descriptions.
Designs and supervises the construction of aircrafts and associated parts such as airframe, communication equipment, controls, fuselage and power plants. Analyzes results of stress tests on aircraft and missile parts and conducts research to determine flight characteristics. Requires a bachelor's degree in engineering and 0-2 years of relevant experience.
Develops, processes and tests materials used to create a range of products, from computer chips and aircraft wings to golf clubs and snow skis. Helps select them and develop new ways to use materials. Requires a bachelor's degree in materials science, engineering or a related field.
Develops new products and enhances existing products. Provides technical support to production team during product launches. Must be able to perform 3D modeling and finite element analysis. Requires a bachelor's degree, typically in mechanical engineering, and at least 3 years of experience.
Designs, tests, installs and maintains large-scale electronic equipment or machinery. Uses computer-assisted engineering and design software. Relies on instructions and established guidelines. Typically reports to a supervisor. Requires a bachelor's degree in engineering and 0-2 years of relevant experience.
Designs, develops and tests all aspects of mechanical components, equipment and machinery. Applies knowledge of engineering principles to the design of engines, instruments, controls, robots, machines, etc. Relies on instructions and guidelines. Works under immediate supervision. Requires a bachelor's degree in engineering and 0-3 years of experience.
Designs and implements manufacturing processes, equipment and plans to achieve production goals. Identifies and develops processes and equipment needed to produce specific products, parts and components. Relies on instructions and guidelines to perform job functions. Typically reports to a manager or head of a department. Requires a bachelor's degree and 0-2 years of experience.
Performs inspections and sets quality assurance testing models for analysis of raw materials, materials in process and finished products. Relies on instructions and established guidelines. Works under immediate supervision. Requires a bachelor's degree and 0-2 years of experience.
Stress/Structural Engineer
Designs and drafts structures and existing renovations. Analyzes ability of structural components to withstand stresses caused by operational conditions. Determines strength and bending characteristics of parts. Must be proficient in AutoCAD. Requires a bachelor's degree and 2 years of experience.
Designs load-bearing structures or structural elements, such as buildings, bridges or roadways. Analyzes building materials, develops blueprints or specifications and ensures all projects comply with applicable codes and regulations. Determines cause of structural failures, damages and defects. Relies on limited experience and judgment. Some degree of creativity is expected. Typically reports to a supervisor. Requires a bachelor's degree and 0-2 years of relevant experience.
know what to pay top talent
Get the most up-to-date salary data and job descriptions in our Salary Guide.
Request your free IT & Engineering Salary Guide
Candidates' Security and Phishing
EEO Statement and Legal Notices


text:
Huawei rolls out its own operating system to smartphones
by Zen Soo
Huawei store workers wait for customers in Beijing on Wednesday, June 2, 2021. Huawei is launching its own HarmonyOS mobile operating system on its handsets as it adapts to losing access to Google mobile services two years ago after the U.S. put the Chinese telecommunications company on a trade blacklist. Credit: AP Photo/Ng Han Guan
Huawei launched its own HarmonyOS mobile operating system on its handsets on Wednesday as it adapts to having lost access to Google mobile services two years ago after the U.S. put the Chinese telecommunications company on a trade blacklist.
The Shenzhen-based company announced that about 100 Huawei smartphone models will use its proprietary HarmonyOS system, and that the operating system will also be available on certain tablets and smart screens in the fourth quarter of the year.
The launch of the operating system comes as the company is still cut off from American technologies including Google's services and some computer chips to power its devices after the U.S. put it on an "entity list," saying Huawei might aid China's espionage efforts, an accusation the company vehemently denies.
Huawei's inclusion on the list restricts American companies from doing business with the Chinese telecommunications equipment and smartphone maker. The blacklist has been a critical blow for Huawei, which has relied on essential technologies from the U.S.
"The user experience of HarmonyOS has surpassed the experience of the Android era. We solved issues such as the slowing down and lagging of devices over time in the Android era," said Richard Yu, CEO of Huawei's consumer unit, in an online product launch event Wednesday.
Customers visit a Huawei store in Beijing on Wednesday, June 2, 2021. Huawei is launching its own HarmonyOS mobile operating system on its handsets as it adapts to losing access to Google mobile services two years ago after the U.S. put the Chinese telecommunications company on a trade blacklist. Credit: AP Photo/Ng Han Guan
"Our HarmonyOS has stronger functionality and endurance, and it will be the greatest operating system in this internet of things era," he said.
Once the world's largest smartphone maker, Huawei fell out of the top five globally last year, nudged aside by South Korea's Samsung, according to data from market research firm Canalys.
Other Chinese smartphone makers such as Xiaomi, OPPO and Vivo have since overtaken Huawei in terms of global sales. Huawei currently ranks seventh globally and third in China following a 50% drop in smartphone shipments in the first quarter of this year compared to last year.
Last November, Huawei also sold its budget Honor smartphone brand as it sought to cushion the impact of the U.S. sanctions.
Huawei's HarmonyOS smartphone rollout is a workaround for its lack of access to Google services, especially for smartphones that it sells abroad. While handsets that were sold prior to Huawei's blacklisting continue to run Google services, its newer devices will have no access to Google's mobile services or updates.
A worker waits for customers inside a Huawei store in Beijing on Wednesday, June 2, 2021. Huawei is launching its own HarmonyOS mobile operating system on its handsets as it adapts to losing access to Google mobile services two years ago after the U.S. put the Chinese telecommunications company on a trade blacklist. Credit: AP Photo/Ng Han Guan
To solve this problem, Huawei launched its own Huawei Mobile Services (HMS) platform that lets developers launch apps for Huawei devices. In March, Huawei said that over 120,000 apps are now on its app store and using HMS, although it is still missing apps popular overseas such as Instagram, Twitter and Facebook.
Owners of Huawei phones who have no access to Google services won't be able to download apps such as Gmail or YouTube. Instead, HMS offers shortcuts to the mobile sites of such services.
Google is blocked in China, so Huawei users in China are unlikely to be affected. But the lack of access to Google services makes Huawei a less attractive choice for overseas users, who are used to watching videos on YouTube or using the Gmail email app, analysts say.
Attempts to popularize Huawei's new HarmonyOS may be an uphill task. Challenges to dominant operating systems have usually fallen flat, such as Microsoft's Windows Phone operating system and Samsung's Tizen operating system, which is unpopular in the smartphone world but is used in smartwatches.
Huawei devices are displayed in a Huawei store in Beijing on Wednesday, June 2, 2021. Huawei is launching its own HarmonyOS mobile operating system on its handsets as it adapts to losing access to Google mobile services two years ago after the U.S. put the Chinese telecommunications company on a trade blacklist. Credit: AP Photo/Ng Han Guan
Shoppers stand outside a Huawei store in Beijing on Wednesday, June 2, 2021. Huawei is launching its own HarmonyOS mobile operating system on its handsets as it adapts to losing access to Google mobile services two years ago after the U.S. put the Chinese telecommunications company on a trade blacklist. Credit: AP Photo/Ng Han Guan
In this April 12, 2021, file photo, residents wearing face masks pass by a Huawei electronics store in Beijing. Huawei is launching its own HarmonyOS mobile operating system on its handsets as it adapts to losing access to Google mobile services two years ago after the U.S. put the Chinese telecommunications company on a trade blacklist. Credit: AP Photo/Ng Han Guan, File
"It'll be interesting to see what the Harmony OS user interface looks like and whether there really are some features that give it a leg up with some users, but I'm not holding my breath," said Bryan Ma, vice president of client devices at market research firm IDC.
"It still comes back to all the discussion that's been happening over the past couple years which is, if there's no Google services, that's a big problem," he said.
However, Huawei's move to a mobile operating system that can run on smartphones could give it a new business model of distributing it to other smartphone vendors in China that might be eager to earn revenue by listing their apps on Huawei's mobile services.
"HarmonyOS might be quite appealing to vendors who don't have the resources to build their own OS," said Nicole Peng, vice president of mobility at Canalys.
US sanctions on Huawei hit chip supply and growth, exec says
© 2021 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without permission.
Citation: Huawei rolls out its own operating system to smartphones (2021, June 2) retrieved 18 January 2022 from https://techxplore.com/news/2021-06-huawei-smartphones.html
Huawei releases OS source code in push for own ecosystem
Huawei flagship phone goes Google-free
New Huawei handset to launch without Google apps
Huawei unveils flagship foldable smartphone for China market
Google v Huawei hits millions of smartphone users
CTA announces availability of Ripple—an open radar API standard
Self-driving race cars zip into history at CES
'Ocean battery' targets renewable energy dilemma
BMW unveils color-changing iX Flow SUV at CES with E Ink technology
Samsung debuts TV remote that recharges by capturing radio frequency energy from Wi-Fi router
Who's got your mail? Google and Microsoft, mostly


Issues related to the inner ear are called vestibular disorders, and these can lead to imbalance, vertigo and dizziness. We understand these symptoms can greatly affect all aspects of your life, which is why we have specialists certified in vestibular rehabilitation therapy to help you get better.
Vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) is a specialized form of therapy intended to alleviate both the primary and secondary problems caused by vestibular disorders. It is an exercise-based program designed to reduce vertigo and dizziness, gaze instability, imbalance and falls.
Although your vestibular system may not be able to fully recover after an injury or disorder, our therapists understand how to help your brain and senses compensate for any vestibular damage. VRT can help improve your balance, mobility and quality of life. We will work with you to design a treatment plan that meets your individual goals and specific needs.
Customized exercises may include stretching, balance retraining, walking exercises, vision stability training, and strengthening and fitness exercises. Your individual treatment plan will be determined by specific symptoms and level of vestibular disorder. Exercises to do at home might also be provided so recovery can progress as quickly as possible.
Vestibular disorders can greatly increase your risk of falls, which can lead to additional injuries. To reduce your fall risk and keep you safe, we'll teach you strategies to prevent falls, helping you feel confident and comfortable enough to return to your daily activities.
For more information about vestibular rehabilitation at Floyd Physical Therapy & Rehab or for assistance in making an appointment, call 706.509.3400 or email us.


This entry was posted on Thursday, 16th August, 2018 at 10:08 pm and is filed under Excel, Spreadsheet, VBA.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed.
I ran the code three times and averaged around 85 seconds per run. But it is a hot, Friday afternoon.
so about 8 secs per cycle?
Hi Simon – I only noticed you had returned to regular updates here quite recently, so a belated welcome back.
I've noticed complaints about the (lack of) speed of Excel 2016 before (at Daily DoE for instance), but I hadn't actually noticed it myself, so I thought I'd give your benchmark a go.
I'm using Excel 365 (updated whenever they feel like it) on a laptop with Windows 10andi7 4 Core@2.6GHz (8 logical cores, whatever that means).
So same as you, or slower.
So that way is about 2000 x faster, or about 10,000 x faster if you have two files open.
That means it's quicker to generate an array with 1000 rows and write it to the spreadsheet than it is to select a new cell and write a single value to it.
I expected a big difference, but not that much, but I have checked the array method does actually write to all million rows for each outer loop.
Thanks Doug the array v single cell selection comparison is insane!
I had 1000 rows of cells… you really want that? W7 64 bit OS; Excel 2010.
Brian what do those times mean?55k seconds is nearly a full day??
And he wondered about my 0.16 – that was on Win XP which is clearly faster than Win7 or newer. 0.5 or 0.6 is the best I have seen on Win 7.
Interesting that 0.1 of the slowdown looks to be Win7-10 and 1.0 of it Excel 2010-E2016. That's what we are seeing too, Win10 is only slightly slower but Excel 2016 is a mess. I wonder if its a debug build???
which I amended but I suspect Brian didn't.
Rory – I had the same problem with the Debug.Print Timer line. Brian's results make sense if you subtract the two values.
Simon – It's clear that Excel 2016 is much slower for the operation being benchmarked here, but doesn't that just mean that code that was really slow before is now really really slow?
I have just posted some examples using Evaluate on arrays which gives reasonable performance from Excel 2016. If anyone can run it in Excel 2010,that would be interesting.
Doug, I developed this benchmark specifically to test a reported user experience issue around screen updating. Ie its so bad users can see it when working.
So yes, this slow code now runs (much much) slower, but that is not all, its very visible to power users just clicking around.
Simon, OK, but in my opinion Excel 365/2016 is not as bad as the benchmarks make it look.
p.s. Did you know that a Bing search on smurfonspreadsheets does not find a single direct link to smurfonspreadsheets? Whether that is a Microsoft conspiracy to deal with people who don't like the latest Excel, or maybe a WordPress thing, I don't know.
Doug, you are right its not that bad for most users. And actually good for those using the new features. for some though it is close to unuseable.


text:
Q: run python file from different directory including sqlite database This code runs perfectly fine if I first redirect to the folder where this main.py file is located. So in cmd I just type: python main.py. In this folder is also my database "Datalog.db" located.
If I run this python file from somewhere else, I get a problem with this line of code: cur.execute(sql). So in cmd I type: python C:\Users\ [...] \main.py. I get following error: "sqlite3.OperationalError: no such table: Datalog". Later I want to include this python file in a pythonshell in node-red and there I have to define the full path of this main.py
I also tried to build an exe-file with it but then the same error occurs:"sqlite3.OperationalError: no such table: Datalog".
Apparently the connection to the database is not the issue, first my cur.execute command is not working.
I find out that I have to "include my SQLite database file in the include_files statement", but I have no idea how to do this ..
Can anybody help? I am very sorry for any inconvenience, I just started programming and this is my first post.
import sqlite3 as db

db_name = 'Datalog'
output_number = 'Output1'
output = 'hello'
timestamp = '2019-11-11 09:27:02'
db_name = f'{db_name}.db'

con = db.connect(db_name)
with con:
    cur = con.cursor()

sql = f"UPDATE Datalog SET {output_number}='{output}' WHERE timestamp ='{timestamp}'"

cur.execute(sql)
con.commit()
print("### DB updated ###")

A: You can change db_name to the full path of your sqlite database or even better, dynamically build the path to the db (Below code assumes the db is in the same folder (directory) as the file which calls the below code ):
import os.path

db_name = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__filename__)) + 'Datalog'

A: python looks for files in "sys.path" so you want to insert the name of the directory containing your file in that path so python can find it
here is an example:
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, r'C:\Users\Philip\Work\Bin')

where 0 is the position in the sys.path, 0 means top, 1 means second from top etc.
obviously you would replace my directory with yours

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Are you an AI optimist, or pessimist? Bas de Vos, director of global enterprise software provider IFS's creative think tank IFS Labs, argues for a more pragmatic view of AI.
Are you an AI evangelist or fatalist? Today AI is often profiled as either the end of the world as we know it, where robots will take all of our jobs, or the answer to all our problems, where AI is the ultimate solution to save the planet.
One example for how this can be used is within decision optimisation. In an expanding global market, industries constantly wrestle with increasing complexity. Globalisation, innovation and competition are all growing fast, with businesses constantly tasked with producing or delivering more, from fewer resources, using leaner, faster operations.
One consequence of the rapid globalisation is that demand for product and services may shift instantaneously in markets across the world. Imagine a manufacturing company selling products in 50 markets. A sudden increase of raw material prices in one region, or new trade tariffs, will make it important to be able to adjust demand and possibly pricing on short notice. Here, the AI can help you create an overview of a large number of factors simultaneously to produce a plan for how to adjust demand planning and pricing.
Historical data can be used to learn to make or propose decisions to make them both quicker and more intelligent. With very large sets of data from multiple markets it may be hard to pinpoint what is actually important. AI can help you to detect anomalies and patterns as well as raise alerts when data points go outside certain intervals. This way, some decisions can be automated by the AI. Based on past actions and specified priorities, your AI-enhanced business software could for instance present your daily top-5 list of decisions you should action.
AI can help you create an overview of a large number of factors simultaneously to produce a plan for how to adjust demand planning and pricing.
Using AI for anomaly detection, the human would focus on making decisions on how to manage the anomalies, which may require more human qualities, like creativity or empathy when judging human reactions and consequences. Finding this balance to optimise how humans and AI can work together will be crucial to succeed with an AI strategy in the long term.
High-profile AI stories like driverless trucks always grab the headlines. In reality, for most companies it's more likely to be how the truck is maintained and serviced that AI will impact first—which algorithms will use what sensor data to predict the truck's specific needs in context, ahead of time, whatever the climate, whether on the open road or in the service bay. In fact, AI will play a major role in maintenance in many, many industries.
Asset-intensive industries, like manufacturing or energy, are ideal applications for AI since, these days, most of the key equipment are fitted with loads of sensors that generate mountains of IoT data that can form the foundation for building machine learning algorithms. Based on the data, AI can turn maintenance from preventive to truly predictive.
Manufacturing lines or energy plants connected to software with built-in AI capabilities may not only use IoT data to detect, for example, where temperature levels are too high using sensors. Using machine learning algorithms, the system can learn from experiences and connect this data to production scenarios. For example: The temperature level on the production line is too high, which has in the past led to a need for maintenance.
By creating an AI-powered route scheduling solution, the software could even learn how to optimise the workforce schedule to service equipment at geographically spread out locations at top efficiency.
This experience can now be used to automatically create a work order in the enterprise software and dispatch service staff to fix the problem, without any manual work. Adding AI capabilities to this, by creating an AI-powered route scheduling solution (decision optimisation), the software could even learn how to optimise the workforce schedule to service equipment at geographically spread out locations at top efficiency. This is just one example of how IoT, automation and AI can work together to optimise predictive maintenance and service.
The area where AI perhaps is most advanced already is within interaction with people or systems. AI-powered voice assistants represent a major opportunity for many organisations, both internally and externally. The key is to use it for the uncomplicated queries or transactions that occur in great volumes. These tasks can be uncomplicated in nature but still require you to log in to an application and perform a short series of actions every time you do it, which in the long run takes time.
In a company-internal setting, AI chatbots have a great potential to make this process more effective. One example could be when employees are to call in sick, ask for leave or simply want to find and access certain items within their enterprise software. Making it possible to access this information, and actioning it, using your voice, or by chat, enables significant time- and cost savings. The added AI capability can in time refine the process, so the path to executing the task will be even smoother and quicker in the future.
Externally, taking calls at a service helpdesk is a natural way to use AI chatbots as the calls often are simple requests like establishing opening hours, or determining when an engineer is due to arrive. This AI-powered approach is going to get increasingly important not just in terms of the quality of service you can deliver, but in the context of growing skills shortages of service providers.
As many contact centers are now developing omnichannel solutions, to include voice, e-mail, social media and chat as contact options, the AI capability could help to identify your preferred contact option and guide you quicker through the process in the future.
Bas de Vos is director of the innovative think tank IFS Labs at IFS.


text:
William Black The Apostle of Methodism in the Maritime Provinces of Canada By: John Maclean (1851-1928)
[Illustration: WILLIAM BLACK]
WILLIAM BLACK
THE APOSTLE OF METHODISM IN THE MARITIME PROVINCES OF CANADA.
BY JOHN MACLEAN, PH. D.,
Author of "Canadian Savage Folk," "The Indians of Canada," "The Making of a Christian," &c., &c.
HALIFAX, NOVA SCOTIA: THE METHODIST BOOK ROOM, 1907.
Entered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in the year one thousand nine hundred and seven, by John Maclean, at the Department of Agriculture.
While there are several sketches of the life and work of the subject of this book, they are all based upon the "Memoirs of William Black" by the Rev. Matthew Richey, D. D., which was published in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1839. Some additional information is to be found in Dr. T. Watson Smith's History of the Methodist Church of Eastern British America. The former volume contains the interesting Journal of the famous missionary, and is therefore of great value. As it has long been out of print, and it is well nigh impossible to secure an old copy, and as there is no likelihood of it being republished, we have deemed it commendable to publish the following pages. We have sought to condense as far as possible, giving the chief facts in his life, and to produce in popular form a volume which might be read with profit, and within the reach of all. As a study of spiritual forces and an appreciation, it might have been enlarged to considerable size, and it has been difficult indeed to keep within the limits which we had set for the volume, but that would have been to defeat our object, of writing a small book, in which the salient features of his life and work were seen, and at such a price that the poorest in the land might secure a copy.
We dare not forget the work of our fathers, and we must not permit the memory of William Black to be lost in oblivion, for he builded better than he knew, and we are heirs of his work and influence, and his example is a stimulus to us all. In that spirit have these pages been written, and we hope that they will help keep alive the memory of a great and noble man, a pioneer and patriot, who gave his life for Christ and his fellow man.
JOHN MACLEAN.
WESLEYAN OFFICE, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Chap. Page.
I. The Birth of a Movement 9
II. Making the Man 17
III. The Maritime Itinerant 24
IV. The Intrepid Pioneer 33
V. Black and Wesley 40
VI. Personal Characteristics 49
VII. Last Days and After 57
WILLIAM BLACK.
THE BIRTH OF A MOVEMENT.
Had Longfellow the poet extended his studies a few years later than the time of the event which formed the subject of Evangeline, he would have come in contact with another race of men, of different breed, language and faith, than that of the Acadians, who were as brave as any of those who sailed away from the valley of the Gaspereaux. For almost coincident with the expulsion of these hardy folk from the fertile fields of the Annapolis Valley, there came visitors from the New England colonies, induced by offers of land, but these were deterred from settlement on account of a fear lest freedom of religious worship should not be accorded them.
Brought up under the influence of the descendants of the Pilgrim Fathers, they prized too highly their religious liberty to barter it for lands or gold, and not until a second proclamation was issued, granting liberty of conscience and worship to all Protestants, did settlers come in large numbers. Five years after the Acadians were expelled emigrants began to arrive in considerable numbers from New England and from Great Britain and Ireland. This was the beginning of a new era, in which the principles of the Protestant Reformation were to be tested, upon soil consecrated by the faith and piety of the Roman Catholic exiles, and an opportunity was found for the expression of the new faith in the moulding of individual character... Continue reading book >>
Wikipedia – John Maclean
Wikipedia – William Black The Apostle of Methodism in the Maritime Provinces of Canada
• iBooks for iPhone and iPad
• Nook
• Sony Reader
Kindle eBook
• Mobi file format for Kindle
• Load eBook in browser
Text File eBook
• Computers
• Windows
• Mac


text:
Home » Havel, Miroslav ('Paddy')
Havel, Miroslav ('Paddy')
Havel, Miroslav ('Paddy') (1922–2008), glass designer and craftsman, was born in Držkov, Czechoslovakia, on 26 May 1922, the only child of Frantisek Havel, costume jewellery manufacturer of Držkov, and his wife Anna (née Klubelova). He had a prosperous, somewhat sheltered, upbringing in the small village of Držkov and enjoyed winter sports. In 1938 he entered the glass academy at Železný Brod, winning a scholarship as an engraver. Graduating in summer 1940, he worked for a year as a cutter in a glass shop in Malá Skála before studying in the Academy of Art and Industrial Design in Prague. His studies were interrupted in 1944 when the German authorities conscripted him to work in a coalmine, and the shock effect of an explosion there permanently damaged his right ear.
In 1945 he began a one-year internship at a glass factory in Světlá nad Sázavou. The factory's owner, Karel (Charles) Bačík (qv), fled communist-dominated Czechoslovakia for Ireland in mid 1946 and convinced the guileless Havel to join him in a slyly worded letter suggesting that he was running a glassworks at Waterford and that Ireland had a warm climate. Havel left on 28 July 1947 expecting to be away for three months. On arrival, he found Bačík working from a shed outside Waterford at Ballytruckle, the factory not yet built, and that he was its first employee.
Intrigued nonetheless by Bačík's plan for reviving Waterford's glassmaking tradition and exploiting the fame of an earlier Waterford glass factory (1783–1851) among wealthy Irish-Americans, Havel prolonged his visit that autumn and in early 1948 regularly visited the National Museum in Dublin to sketch the antique Waterford glass pieces held there. Captivated by their exceptional shine and the depth and precision of the cuts, he delved into Ireland's art and design heritage, examining Irish glass made in Belfast, Cork and Dublin. When the communists seized power in Prague in February 1948, he decided against going home and as a result was barred from Czechoslovakia until 1973. He did not see his parents until the 1960s, when they were permitted to visit him separately, and never saw his sweetheart and prospective wife Růžena Štolfová again.
Meanwhile, the Waterford Glass factory had begun production in late 1947 making beer glasses, but needed to develop glass melting and blowing capabilities and a cadre of craftsmen. Bačík and Havel toured the continent inspecting factories and hiring experienced Czech and German glassworkers displaced by war. Havel trained the Irish apprentices and from 1948 taught part-time in a glassmaking course in the City of Waterford VEC, allowing him to spot promising youngsters.
Owing to his bad hearing, Havel struggled to learn English, always speaking it ungrammatically and with a heavy accent. Seeking integration by other means, he converted to Roman catholicism in 1949, having been a non-practising member of the Czechoslovak Church. The confirming bishop blanched at pronouncing the Czech saint's name chosen by Havel and convinced him to take Patrick as his confirmation name instead; friends and colleagues called him 'Paddy' thereafter.
Havel was the factory's designer and engraver, but he could also blow, cut, paint, sculpt and polish glass, facilitating his grappling with every aspect of production. Frantic improvisations failed to compensate for the primitive operating conditions, and in 1950 Bačík was forced to sell his company to the Irish Glass Bottle Company owned by Joseph McGrath (qv). The new management led by Noel Griffin sidelined Bačík, and Havel feared dismissal given the friction between the Irish and foreign workers.
Instead, Griffin worked closely with Havel in putting production on a firm footing, as McGrath's Irish Sweepstake fortune enabled Waterford Glass to move to improved facilities at Johnstown in 1951. Trained Irish workers gradually replaced the foreign masters, but Havel was among the handful that were retained; he gained Irish citizenship in May 1958. A year earlier he had married a local woman, Betty Storey, living with her in Grange Lawn, Waterford; they had three sons and three daughters.
At first, Havel stipulated extensive cutting to hide defects in the blown glass while yearning to experiment with blank spaces. Such starkness required quality crystal (i.e., heavy translucent glass), and in time the Waterford factory realised Havel's vision of making crystal that was much denser than that of its competitors, the added difficulty of such production being compensated for by a peerless clarity and radiance. Anticipating this, he embarked on his most creative and intense period of work during 1952–3, developing hundreds of designs.
While the National Museum drawings provided a start, the minute embellishments of the antique Waterford pieces blocked rather than admitted light and required a labour intensity that was not feasible. The demands of commercial production and the initial limitations of both the factory and its workers meant he thought in rigorously practical terms, ensuring that his designs were easy to manufacture uniformly. This simplification by necessity helped him reinterpret Waterford glass for the contemporary aesthetic, which dictated plainer, more practical manufactures.
Influenced by trends towards varying shape, size and thickness in lieu of decoration, he still wanted to evoke a more ostentatious age, believing in the appeal of a sparkle such that can only be produced by deep but subtle cutting. He used wedge cuts, which created prisms for intensifying the reflection, and obsessively honed the process whereby the crystal is given its finishing gloss through being dipped in acid and polished. He appropriated traditional Waterford motifs, most typically the diamond pattern, and his intricate wedge cuts were concentrated in the thicker lower part of the glass bowl, being gracefully offset higher up with broad flat cuts.
Once Waterford Glass could do justice to Havel's sketches, the company made spectacular inroads in the USA from 1960, quickly dominating the premium glassware market. Wine was becoming fashionable in America, mainly for aspirational purposes, and Waterford's 'old world' mystique caught this mood; conversely, little headway was made in Europe, where glassware design was valued not for its lustre, but for suiting form and shape to the drinking experience. In 1965, five of Havel's designs were among the ten top-selling crystal patterns in the USA, with the list headed by his Lismore suite, long the world's best-selling stemware pattern, a combination of perpendicular cuts extending upwards from a closely cut starburst pattern.
American success transformed Waterford Glass into a mass-production operation, especially once it moved in 1967 to Kilbarry, where the world's largest crystal glass-making premises hosted nearly 3,000 workers in the late 1970s. Havel worked from a roof-level studio, but appeared regularly on the factory floor, intervening wherever he thought fit. This practice became unacceptable to the unions who eventually banished him upstairs, to his annoyance. Yet the workers respected him as a fellow craftsman, and his artistic temperament was as likely to be provoked by managerial officiousness as by union obstreperousness. Moreover, he supported the unions' opposition to mechanisation, regarding handmade crystal as intrinsically superior.
With volume rising to meet American demand, the more complex patterns were dropped, and he extended the scope of his existing suites with some comprising 120 different pieces. Latterly, his design role merely involved tweaking existing templates, and no new patterns were introduced in 1972–82. Havel would have preferred a smaller operation focused on exquisite commissions, but he found a fulfilling outlet in producing a variety of collector's pieces.
The first major international commission came in 1965 for sixteen chandeliers to be hung in the central nave of Westminster Abbey, after which he churned out giant chandeliers and crystal sports trophies, and made pieces for world leaders, including paperweights in the shape of St Patrick's Bell for popes Paul VI and John Paul II. His most cherished and technically challenging commission was when he designed and sculpted a scale crystal replica of the Statute of Liberty, which was presented to US President Ronald Reagan in 1986.
Havel was so closely associated with the success of Waterford Crystal (as restyled) that during 1982–7 he regularly toured North American stores specialising in its products. By then, however, his compromise between bygone extravagance and modernist functionality was being surpassed, and his stemware fell from favour in America, criticised for overwrought designs and impractical heaviness. In 1987 he accepted the retirement terms offered in the financial restructuring of Waterford Crystal, which, however, deprived the operation of too many experienced workers. As a result, he and others were rehired, and he did not retire definitively until 1990.
He kept busy, and in 2001 the Smyth company in America, which employed his youngest son, Mirek, as an engraver, launched a private label called the Miroslav Havel Collection based on designs he made while in retirement. In 2005 another son, Brian, published a biography, Maestro of crystal. Havel died in his home in Waterford on 5 September 2008 and was buried in St Mary's cemetery, Ballygunner.
Waterford Crystal (1968); Ir. Times, 9 Mar. 1970; 7 May 2005; 20 Sept. 2008; Noel Griffin, 'Some memories of Ballytruckle', Waterford Glass Newsletter, i, no. 4 (Christmas 1976), 5; Ir. Independent, 1 Jan. 1973; Ida Grehan, Waterford: an Irish art (1981); Irish Business, 19 May 1983; Business Week, 24 Dec. 1983; Sean Brophy, The strategic management of Irish enterprise 1934–1984: case studies from leading Irish companies (1985); Redmond O'Donoghue, 'Success story of Waterford Crystal', Waterford Glass Newsletter, xiii, no. 1 (Dec. 1988), 13–15; Emmet O'Connor, A labour history of Waterford (1989); Munster Express, 13 Apr. 1990; 19 July 1991; 12, 19 Sept. 2008; Thomas Garavan, Cases in Irish business strategy and policy (1996); Edward Cahill, Corporate financial crisis in Ireland (1997); Mairead Dunlevy, 'Designer extraordinary: Miroslav Havel and the birth of modern Waterford Glass', Irish Arts Review, xiii (1997), 152–67; Ireland of the welcomes (July–Aug. 2002); Brian Havel, Maestro of crystal (2005); John M. Hearne, Waterford Central Technical Institute 1906–2006: a history (2006); Daily Telegraph, 24 Sept. 2008; NY Times, 26 Sept. 2008; Washington Post, 27 Sept. 2008; Tina Hunt and Audrey Whitty, 'The industrial design of Waterford Glass, 1947–c.1965' in John M. Hearne (ed.), Glassmaking in Ireland (2010)
glass designercraftsman


text:
package cn.edu.nuc.acmicpc.service;

import cn.edu.nuc.acmicpc.dto.CodeDto;
import cn.edu.nuc.acmicpc.model.Code;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created with IDEA
 * User: chuninsane
 * Date: 2016/3/13
 * Code service interface.
 */
public interface CodeService {

    /**
     * Get code by code id
     * @param codeId
     * @return
     */
    public CodeDto getCodeByCodeId(Long codeId);

    /**
     * Create a new code entity by codeDto
     * @param code
     * @return
     */
    public Long createCode(CodeDto code);

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Today I'm loving a swamp Cypress - native of a mangrove swamp in the Florida Everglades, - that's made its home in Walpole Park. Who'd have thought? A swamp cypress? In Ealing?
Simple soul that I am, I was just a little bit blown away that something from a mangrove swamp could survive so happily in west London. Amazing!
And all around was a soft carpet of fallen, feathery needles - just like they'd promised us on the label.
It was all rather glorious in the autumn sunshine. And that probably contributed in no small measure to the pleasure of my great discovery.
Wishing you lots of leafy loveliness!
Oh, I so love the feel of that last shot! and such a surprise to see the other!


text:
Candide er en satirisk roman fra 1759 af François Voltaire.

Den naive og godtroende Candide (=Optimisme) er blevet oplært af filosoffen Pangloss om hvorledes verden er det bedste sted af alle.
Candide får sin optimistiske livsholdning revideret gennem forfærdelige hændelser: mord, inkvisition, kannibalisme, syfilis og jordskælv.

Det religiøse aspekt i romanen udsættes for stærk ironi og sarkasme. Gennem romanen udvikler Candide sig fra et naivt ungt væsen, for til sidst at have forstået hele verdens sammenhæng. Han lærer at verden er menneskeskabt, og det er derfor mennesket selv som med sin fornuft skal løse verdens problemer. Dette resulterer også i at Candide bortkaster sin optimistiske og barnlige filosofi om verden som et utopia.

Se også
 Kritik af fornuften

Eksterne henvisninger

Litteratur fra Frankrig
Litteratur i 1759

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Find the equations of tangents drawn from point $(11,3)$ to the circle $x^2+y^2=65$ Find the equations of tangents drawn from point $(11,3)$ to the circle $x^2+y^2=65$
How are we supposed to draw two tangents at a given point?
The answer is $7x-4y-65=0$ and $4x+7y-65=0$.

A: The green circle has a diameter from the origin to (11,3). It turns out to be
$$  (2x-11)^2 + (2y-3)^2 = 130.$$ A triangle inscribed in a circle (the green one)  with one edge a diameter is actually a right triangle. It is now easy to confirm that the intersection points of the two circles are $(4,7)$ and $(7,-4).$
Oh, that  is a square produced by the two right triangles I constructed. That is unusual. The square happened precisely because $11^2 + 3^2 = 2 \cdot 65 \; .$ Most of the time, the two right triangles would make a kite shape, the diagonals of the resulting quadrilateral would still be orthogonal, but the right triangles not isosceles.

....................................
Here is what happens when the exterior point is moved to $(12,4),$ and the green circle becomes $(x-6)^2 + (y-2)^2 = 40.$ Notice that $12^2 + 4^2 > 2 \cdot 65.$

A: Hint: Through implicit differentiation, we find that the slope of the tangent line at any point $(x,y)$ on the circle is $-x/y$. Therefore the tangent point must satisfy
$$ -\frac{x}{y} = \frac{y-3}{x-11} $$
$$ x^2 + y^2 = 65 $$
You can solve this sytem of equations to find the two tangent points.

A: Let the point that the tangent touches the circle be $(p,q)$. The gradient of the tangent would be $\frac{q-3}{p-11}.$ and the equation is
Since tangent is perpendicular to the radius, we have
$$\frac{q}{p}\cdot \frac{q-3}{p-11}=-1$$
Along with $$p^2+q^2=65$$
solve for $p$ and $q$.
The tangent line would satisfies:
$$\frac{y-3}{x-11}=\frac{q-3}{p-11}$$

A: Using homogeneous coordinates, tangent lines $\mathbf l =[\lambda,\mu,\tau]^T$ to the circle satisfy $\mathbf l^TC^{-1}\mathbf l=0$, where $C$ is the dual conic $\operatorname{diag}(65,65,1)$, i.e., the coefficients of the tangent line equation $\lambda x+\mu y+\tau=0$ satisfy $65\lambda^2+65\mu^2=\tau^2$. The lines must pass through the point $(11,3)$, so we must also have $11\lambda+3\mu+\tau=0$. Since the lines don't pass through the origin, the constant term in their equations is nonzero, so we can set $\tau=1$ and then solve the resulting system of equations for $\lambda$ and $\mu$.
In a related method, the polar line to the point $(11,3)$ intersects the circle at the point of tangency. This line is $\operatorname{diag}(1,1,-65)\cdot(11,3,1)^T$, i.e., $11x+3y=65$. Compute the intersection of this line with the circle and then derive the equations of the lines through the two intersection points and $(11,3)$. Note that both methods essentially involve finding the intersection of a conic and a line.

A: [$r (= \sqrt {65})$, the radius] = [$|\frac {c}{1 + m^2}|$, the distance of the center (0, 0) from the tangent (y = mx + c)].
Then, $|\frac {c}{\sqrt {1 + m^2}}| = r$. That is, $c^2 = r^2(1 + m^2)$.
Therefore, the equation of tangent is $y = mx \pm r\sqrt(1 + m^2)$.
Plug (11, 3) into the last equation to get the values of m. The corresponding values of c can be found accordingly.


text:
from django.contrib import admin
from shout.models import Shout

admin.site.register(Shout)